The
first
beginning
of
the
Discoueries
of
the
Spanyards
,
with
the
continuation
of
the
Discoueries
of
the
Portugals
.
IN
the
yéere
1492.
in
the
time
of
Don
Ferdinando
king
of
Castile
,
he
being
at
the
siege
of
Granada
,
dispatched
one
Christopher
Columbus
a
Genoway
with
three
ships
to
goe
and
discouer
Noua
Spagna
:
who
first
had
offered
his
seruice
for
a
westerne
discouerie
vnto
king
Iohn
of
Portugall
;
but
he
would
not
entertaine
him
.
He
being
sufficiently
furnished
for
this
enterprise
departed
from
the
towne
of
Palos
the
third
day
of
August
,
hauing
with
him
as
captaines
and
pilots
Martin
Alfonso
Pinzon
,
Francis
Martinez
Pinzon
,
Vincent
Yannes
Pinzon
,
and
Bartholomew
Columbus
his
brother
,
with
120.
persons
more
in
his
companie
:
San
Saluador
.
This
Island
standeth
in
25.
degrées
of
northerly
latitude
.
And
after
that
they
found
many
Islands
,
which
they
called
the
Princes
because
they
were
the
first
that
they
had
discouered
.
The
Sauages
of
those
parts
call
these
Islands
by
the
name
of
Lucaios
,
S.
Iames
or
Iamaica
,
it
standeth
betwéene
16.
and
17.
degrées
.
Thence
they
went
to
the
Island
which
the
naturals
of
the
countrey
call
Cuba
,
Roderigo
de
Arana
,
to
learne
the
language
and
customes
of
the
countrey
.
They
brought
from
thence
musters
and
shewes
of
gold
,
pearles
,
and
other
things
,
which
that
countrey
yéelded
;
and
ten
Indians
also
,
whereof
sixe
died
,
the
rest
were
brought
home
and
baptized
.
Hereupon
there
grewe
such
a
common
desire
of
trauaile
among
the
Spanyards
,
that
they
were
ready
to
leape
into
the
sea
to
swim
,
if
it
had
béen
possible
,
into
those
new
found
parts
.
The
aforesaid
company
of
Columbus
at
their
comming
home
tooke
in
their
way
the
Isles
of
the
Açores
,
and
the
4.
day
of
March
in
the
yéere
1493.
they
entred
into
the
bar
of
Lisbon
:
Christopher
Columbus
being
arriued
went
presently
into
Castile
with
the
newes
of
all
things
,
and
acquainted
the
king
Fernando
,
with
the
discontentednes
of
the
king
of
Portugall
:
whereupon
he
and
the
Quéene
Isabella
his
wife
sent
streight
word
thereof
vnto
Pope
Alexander
the
6.
whereat
he
and
the
Italians
were
in
great
admiration
,
Fernando
the
king
hauing
receiued
this
answere
,
was
glad
of
it
,
and
sent
Christopher
Columbus
againe
on
the
former
voiage
,
For
Castile
and
for
Leon
A
new
world
found
out
Colon.
In
the
yéere
1493.
the
25.
of
the
moneth
of
October
Christopher
Columbus
went
backe
vnto
the
Antiles
,
Bartholomew
Columbus
,
and
Diego
Columbus
,
with
other
knights
,
gentlemen
,
men
of
law
,
and
religious
men
,
with
chalices
,
crosses
,
rich
ornaments
,
and
with
great
power
and
dignitie
from
Pope
Alexander
;
&
the
10.
day
after
their
setting
foorth
,
they
arriued
at
the
Canaries
;
&
from
thence
in
25.
or
30.
daies
they
sailed
vnto
the
Antiles
;
&
the
first
Island
that
they
saw
standeth
in
14.
degrées
towards
the
north
,
due
west
from
Cape
Verde
on
the
coast
of
Africa
.
They
say
that
the
distance
from
thence
to
the
Canaries
is
800.
leagues
.
From
these
Islands
and
others
they
went
vnto
the
principall
Island
there
,
which
they
of
the
countrey
doe
call
Boriquen
,
S.
Iohn
,
and
thence
to
Hispaniola
or
Isabella
,
where
they
found
all
the
men
dead
which
there
they
had
left
.
Here
the
Admirall
left
the
most
part
of
the
people
to
plant
it
,
and
appointed
his
brethren
to
be
gouernours
there
:
and
so
tooke
two
ships
,
and
went
to
discouer
the
other
side
of
the
Island
of
Cuba
,
Christopher
Colon
went
backe
againe
into
Spaine
,
to
tell
the
king
and
Quéene
of
his
aduentures
.
In
the
yéere
1494.
and
in
the
moneth
of
Ianuarie
there
was
an
agréement
made
of
the
differences
which
were
betwéene
the
two
kings
of
Spaine
and
Portugall
.
For
the
which
agréement
there
were
sent
out
of
Portugall
Ruy
de
So●a
,
and
Don
Iohn
his
sonne
,
and
the
Doctor
Ayres
de
Almada
:
and
for
the
king
of
Spaine
there
were
Don
Henry
Henriques
,
Don
Iohn
de
Cardenas
,
and
the
Doctor
Maldonado
.
All
these
met
in
the
towne
of
Tordesillas
,
and
they
deuided
the
world
from
the
north
to
the
south
by
a
meridian
which
standeth
west
from
the
Islands
of
Cape
Verde
300.
leagues
:
In
the
yéere
following
1495.
Iohn
king
of
Portugall
died
,
In
the
yéere
1496.
there
was
a
Venetian
in
England
called
Iohn
Cabota
,
In
the
yéere
1497.
The
king
of
Spaine
Don
Fernando
sent
out
Christopher
Columbus
with
sixe
ships
,
Diego
Colon
▪
It
was
then
reported
that
he
went
to
take
the
Island
of
Madera
,
because
he
mistrusted
the
French
men
,
and
therefore
sent
thither
thrée
ships
:
others
say
it
was
to
the
Canaries
.
But
howsoeuer
it
was
,
this
is
true
,
that
he
and
thrée
more
went
vnto
the
Islands
of
Cape
Verde
,
and
ran
along
by
the
line
finding
great
calmes
and
raine
,
and
the
first
land
which
they
came
vnto
of
the
Antiles
was
an
Island
standing
in
9.
degrées
of
latitude
towards
the
north
ioining
fast
vnto
the
maine
land
,
which
they
called
La
Trinidada
;
Bocca
de
Dragone
,
or
the
Dragons
mouth
:
and
they
tooke
their
course
hard
by
the
coast
,
where
they
found
thrée
small
Islands
,
which
they
named
Los
Testigos
,
The
Witnesses
,
beyond
which
standeth
the
Island
of
Cubagua
,
where
is
great
fishing
of
muscle
pearles
:
where
also
,
as
they
say
,
there
springeth
a
Well
of
aile
:
and
beyond
that
Island
they
came
to
the
Isles
of
Frailes
,
Roques
,
Cabo
de
Vela
,
and
discouered
along
the
coast
almost
200.
leagues
,
In
this
same
yéere
1497.
on
the
20.
day
of
the
moneth
of
Iune
one
Vasques
de
Gama
sailed
from
Lisbon
by
the
king
Emmanuels
commandement
to
India
with
3.
ships
,
Vasques
de
Gama
,
Paulus
de
Gama
his
brother
,
and
Nicolas
Coello
with
120.
men
;
with
whom
also
there
went
one
ship
laden
only
with
vittailes
,
and
in
14.
daies
they
came
vnto
Cape
Verde
,
vnto
the
Island
of
Saint
Iago
,
where
they
refreshed
themselues
,
and
from
thence
they
went
along
the
coast
beyond
the
Cape
of
Bona
Sperança
,
Los
Baxos
do
Padua
,
In
the
yéere
1498.
in
the
moneth
of
May
they
came
to
an
anker
before
the
citie
of
Calicut
,
Bona
Sperança
,
sailing
along
by
the
coast
,
and
then
they
came
to
the
Islands
of
Cape
Verde
,
and
last
of
al
to
the
citie
of
Lisbon
in
the
moneth
of
September
,
In
the
yéere
1499
on
the
13.
day
of
the
moneth
of
Nouember
there
departed
from
Palos
one
Vincent
Yannez
Pinson
and
his
nephew
Aries
Pinson
with
fower
ships
well
appointed
at
their
owne
coast
and
charges
,
to
discouer
the
new
world
vnder
the
licence
of
the
king
of
Castile
,
and
with
commandement
not
to
touch
there
,
where
the
Admirall
Columbus
had
béene
.
And
so
they
went
to
the
Islands
of
Cape
Verde
,
and
passed
the
line
to
the
southward
,
Saint
Augustine
standing
on
that
side
in
8.
degrées
of
latitude
,
and
there
they
wrote
on
the
rindes
of
pine
trées
the
names
of
the
king
and
of
the
Quéene
,
also
the
yéere
and
day
when
they
arriued
there
.
They
fought
with
the
people
of
Brasil
,
but
got
nothing
,
Maria
Tambal
,
and
at
that
time
they
had
taken
thirty
and
odde
prisoners
.
S.
Augustine
,
and
the
angle
or
point
of
S.
Luke
,
Tierra
de
los
Humos
,
the
Riuers
of
Marannon
,
and
of
the
Amazones
,
and
Rio
dolce
,
or
the
Swéete
riuer
,
and
other
places
along
the
coast
:
and
they
came
to
ten
degrées
of
latitude
on
the
north
side
,
where
they
lost
two
ships
and
their
companie
,
and
remained
in
that
voiage
of
discouery
ten
moneths
,
and
15.
daies
.
In
the
yéere
1500.
and
in
the
moneth
of
March
one
Pedro
Aluarez
Cabral
sailed
out
of
Lisbon
with
13.
ships
,
Puerto
Seguro
,
that
is
to
say
,
The
Safe
hauen
,
standing
on
the
south
side
in
17.
degrées
of
latitude
.
From
thence
they
sailed
towardes
the
Cape
of
Bona
Sperança
,
and
Melinde
,
and
crossed
ouer
to
the
riuer
of
Cochin
,
which
before
was
not
knowne
,
where
they
laded
themselues
with
pepper
,
and
at
their
returne
Sancho
de
Thouar
discouered
the
citie
of
Sofala
vpon
the
coast
of
Africa
.
In
this
same
yéere
1500.
it
is
reported
that
Gaspar
Cortereal
craued
a
generall
licence
of
the
king
Emmanuel
to
discouer
the
New
found
land
.
He
went
from
the
Island
Terçera
with
two
ships
well
appointed
at
his
owne
cost
,
and
he
sailed
vnto
that
climate
which
standeth
vnder
the
north
in
50.
degrées
of
latitude
,
which
is
a
land
nowe
called
after
his
name
;
Michael
Cortereal
went
to
séeke
him
with
thrée
ships
well
appointed
at
his
owne
cost
;
and
when
they
came
vnto
that
coast
,
and
found
so
many
entrances
of
riuers
,
Michael
Cortereal
was
not
come
at
the
day
appointed
,
nor
yet
afterwards
in
a
certaine
time
,
returned
backe
into
the
realme
of
Portugall
,
and
neuer
heard
any
more
newes
of
him
,
nor
yet
any
other
memorie
.
But
that
countrey
is
called
The
land
of
Cortereall
vnto
this
day
.
In
the
yéere
1501.
in
the
moneth
of
March
Iohn
de
Noua
departed
from
the
citie
of
Lisbon
with
fower
ships
,
Isle
de
Ascension
:
And
he
went
vnto
Mosambique
,
and
to
Melinde
,
and
from
thence
he
crossed
ouer
vnto
the
other
side
,
where
they
tooke
lading
,
and
so
came
back
and
doubled
the
Cape
,
and
found
an
Island
called
Santa
Helena
,
In
this
same
yéere
1501.
and
in
the
moneth
of
May
there
departed
out
of
Lisbon
thrée
ships
vpon
the
commandement
of
Emmanuel
the
king
to
discouer
the
coast
of
Brasil
:
and
they
sailed
in
the
sight
of
the
Canaries
,
and
from
thence
to
Cape
Verde
,
In
the
y●ere
1502.
one
Alfonso
Hoieda
went
to
discouer
Terra
firma
,
The
next
yéere
following
also
one
Roderigo
Bastidas
of
Siuill
went
out
with
two
carauels
at
his
owne
cost
,
and
the
first
land
of
the
Antiles
that
he
saw
was
an
Island
which
he
named
Isla
Verde
,
that
is
,
the
Gréene
Island
,
standing
fast
by
the
Island
of
Guadalupe
,
towards
the
land
:
and
from
thence
they
tooke
their
course
towards
the
west
to
Santa
Martha
,
and
Cape
De
la
Vela
,
and
to
Rio
Grande
,
or
the
Great
riuer
,
and
they
discouered
the
hauen
of
Zamba
,
the
Coradas
,
Carthagena
,
and
the
Islands
of
S.
Barnard
,
of
Baru
,
and
Islas
de
Arenas
,
and
went
forward
vnto
Isla
fuerte
,
and
to
the
point
of
Caribana
standing
at
the
end
of
the
Gulfe
of
Vraba
,
where
they
had
sight
of
the
Farrallones
standing
on
the
other
side
hard
by
the
riuer
of
Darien
,
and
from
Cape
De
la
Vela
vnto
this
place
are
two
hundred
leagues
:
and
it
standeth
in
9.
degrées
and
two
parts
of
latitude
.
From
thence
they
crossed
ouer
vnto
the
Island
of
Iamaica
,
where
they
refreshed
themselues
.
In
Hispaniola
they
graued
their
ships
because
of
the
holes
which
certaine
wormes
of
the
water
had
eaten
in
the
planks
.
In
that
countrey
they
got
fower
hundred
markes
of
golde
,
although
the
people
there
be
more
warlike
then
in
Noua
Spania
:
for
they
poison
their
arrowes
which
they
shoote
.
In
this
same
yéere
1502.
Christopher
Columbus
entred
the
fourth
time
into
his
discouerie
with
fower
ships
at
the
commandement
of
Don
Fernando
to
séeke
the
Streight
,
Gracias
a
Dios
,
Rio
Grande
,
Rio
de
Chagres
,
Isla
de
Bastimentos
,
Puerto
Bello
,
that
is
the
Faire
hauen
,
and
so
vnto
Nombre
de
Dios
,
Rio
Francisco
,
and
so
to
the
hauen
of
Retrete
,
and
then
to
the
Gulfe
of
Cabesa
Cattiua
,
and
to
the
Islands
of
Caperosa
,
In
this
yéere
also
1502
Don
Vasques
de
Gama
being
now
Admirall
went
againe
into
India
with
19.
or
20.
Carauels
.
Vincent
Sodre
to
kéepe
the
coast
of
India
with
fiue
ships
.
These
were
the
first
Portugals
,
that
with
an
armie
did
run
along
the
coast
of
Arabia
Foelix
.
It
is
there
so
barren
,
that
their
cattell
and
camels
are
onely
maintained
with
drie
fish
brought
from
the
sea
;
In
the
yeere
following
,
as
it
is
reported
,
one
Antonie
de
Saldanta
discouered
the
Island
which
in
old
time
was
called
Coradis
,
In
the
yéere
1504.
Roderigo
de
Bastidas
obtained
licence
of
king
Ferdinando
,
and
by
the
meanes
of
Iohn
de
Lodesma
and
others
of
Siuill
armed
and
furnished
out
two
ships
,
hauing
for
his
pilot
one
Iohn
de
Cosa
of
Saint
Marie
Port
,
and
he
went
to
discouer
that
part
of
Tierra
firma
where
now
standeth
Carthagena
,
Luis
de
la
Guerra
;
Santo
Domingo
laden
with
slaues
without
victuailes
,
because
they
of
the
countrey
would
not
bargaine
with
them
,
which
grew
to
their
great
trouble
and
griefe
.
In
the
later
end
of
this
yéere
died
Ladie
Isabella
Quéene
of
Castile
:
Arragon
,
Catalunia
,
Valencia
,
nor
any
borne
in
the
countrey
of
Don
Fernando
her
husband
to
enter
into
these
discoueries
,
saue
those
which
were
their
seruants
,
or
by
speciall
commandement
,
but
only
the
Castillians
,
Biscaines
,
&
those
which
were
of
her
owne
Signiories
,
by
whom
all
the
lands
aforesaid
were
discouered
.
In
the
yéere
1505.
vpon
our
Lady
day
in
March
Francisco
de
Almeida
Viceroy
of
India
tooke
his
course
with
22.
sailes
towards
India
as
now
is
accustomed
.
Peter
Fereira
to
be
captaine
thereof
:
and
beyond
Melinde
he
trauersed
to
the
Island
of
Angediua
,
Emmanuell
Passauia
.
Laurence
de
Brito
.
In
Cochin
he
did
the
like
,
where
Don
Alfonso
de
Noronia
was
made
captaine
.
Peter
de
Anhaya
did
build
the
fortresse
of
Sofala
,
whereof
also
himselfe
was
made
captaine
.
In
the
later
end
of
this
yéere
the
Viceroy
commanded
his
sonne
,
whose
name
was
Don
Laurenço
to
make
some
entrie
vpon
the
Islands
of
Maldiua
,
and
with
contrarie
weather
he
arriued
at
the
Islands
,
which
of
ancient
time
were
called
Traganae
,
but
the
Moores
called
them
Ytterubenero
,
and
we
call
them
Ceilan
:
In
the
yéere
1506.
after
the
death
of
the
Quéene
of
Spaine
,
king
Philip
and
Quéene
Ioan
his
wife
came
into
Spaine
to
take
possession
thereof
,
and
king
Don
Fernando
went
into
Arragon
being
his
owne
patrimonie
.
Christopher
Columbus
died
,
and
his
sonne
Don
Diego
Columbus
succeeded
in
his
roome
.
In
the
yéere
1506.
and
entring
into
the
moneth
of
March
Tristan
de
Acunna
and
Alfonso
de
Albuquerque
went
into
India
with
14.
ships
in
their
companie
,
Bona
Sperança
in
37.
degrées
they
found
certaine
Islands
,
which
now
are
named
the
Isles
of
Tristan
de
Acunna
,
Tristan
de
Acun̄a
and
Alfonso
de
Albuquerque
went
vnto
Mosambique
,
and
Aluaro
Telez
ran
so
far
that
he
came
to
the
Island
of
Samatra
,
Portugall
.
Emmanuel
Telez
de
Meneses
was
also
driuen
without
the
great
Island
of
S.
Laurence
,
and
he
ran
along
the
coast
thereof
,
and
arriued
at
last
at
Mosambique
,
and
there
met
with
Tristan
de
Acun̄a
,
who
was
the
first
captaine
that
wintred
there
;
and
by
them
it
was
told
,
that
in
this
Island
was
much
Ginger
,
Cloues
,
and
siluer
:
Antonio
de
Noronia
captaine
thereof
.
In
the
yéere
1507.
in
the
moneth
of
August
Tristan
de
Acun̄a
tooke
shipping
for
India
,
and
Alfonso
de
Albuquerque
remained
there
with
fiue
or
sixe
ships
to
kéepe
the
coast
and
entrie
of
the
Streight
;
but
being
not
therewith
satisfied
he
tooke
his
course
ouer
vnto
Arabia
,
and
running
along
that
coast
he
doubled
the
Cape
of
Rosalgate
standing
vnder
the
Tropicke
of
Cancer
.
In
the
yeere
1509.
one
Diego
Lopez
de
Sequeira
went
out
of
Lisbon
with
fower
sailes
vnto
the
Island
of
Saint
Laurence
,
Daraqui
Dara
,
The
king
of
Pedir
is
reported
to
haue
a
riuer
in
his
land
running
with
oile
:
which
is
a
thing
not
to
be
maruelled
at
,
séeing
it
is
found
written
,
that
in
Bactria
there
is
also
a
well
of
oile
:
it
is
farther
said
that
there
groweth
here
a
trée
,
the
iuice
whereof
is
strong
poison
,
and
if
it
touch
the
blood
of
a
man
,
he
dieth
immediately
:
but
if
a
man
doe
drinke
of
it
,
it
is
a
soueraigne
remedie
against
poison
,
so
seruing
both
for
life
and
death
.
In
the
yéere
1508.
one
Alfonso
de
Hoieda
with
the
fauour
of
Don
Fernando
purposed
to
goe
vnto
Tierra
firma
to
conquer
the
prouince
of
Darien
.
Castilia
del
Oro
,
Alfonso
de
Hoieda
went
first
from
the
Island
of
Hispaniola
and
the
citie
of
San
Domingo
with
fower
ships
and
thrée
hundred
soldiers
,
In
this
yéere
1508.
one
Drego
de
Niquesa
prepared
seuen
ships
in
the
port
of
Beata
to
goe
vnto
Veragua
,
Alfonso
de
Hoieda
sore
spoiled
with
his
former
losse
:
but
then
they
both
ioined
together
,
and
went
on
land
and
auenged
themselues
of
the
people
.
And
in
this
voiage
Diego
de
Niquesa
went
and
discouered
the
coast
called
Nombre
de
Dios
,
and
went
vnto
the
sound
of
Darien
,
and
called
it
Puerto
de
Misas
,
Hispaniola
.
Alfonso
de
Hoieda
began
a
fortresse
in
Caribana
against
the
Caribes
;
which
was
the
first
towne
that
the
Spanyards
builded
in
the
Firme
land
:
Nombre
de
Dios
they
built
another
,
and
called
it
Nuestra
Sennora
de
la
Antigua
.
They
builded
also
the
towne
of
Vraba
.
And
there
they
left
for
their
captaine
and
lieutenant
one
Francis
Pisarro
,
who
was
there
much
troubled
.
They
builded
other
towns
also
,
whose
names
I
here
omit
.
But
these
captaines
had
not
that
good
successe
which
they
hoped
for
.
In
the
yéere
1509.
the
second
Admirall
Don
Diego
Columbus
went
into
the
Island
of
Hispaniola
with
his
wife
and
houshold
:
Diego
Velasques
,
who
went
with
his
father
in
the
second
voiage
.
In
the
yéere
1511.
in
the
moneth
of
Aprill
Alfonso
de
Albuquerque
went
from
the
citie
of
Cochin
vnto
Malaeca
.
Duarte
Fernandes
,
with
letters
also
and
order
vnto
the
king
of
the
Mantias
,
which
now
is
called
Sian
standing
in
the
South
.
Duarte
Fernandes
,
being
the
first
Portugall
that
he
had
séene
,
and
with
him
he
sent
backe
ambassadours
to
Albuquerque
.
They
passed
ouer
land
towards
the
west
vnto
the
citie
of
Tanaçerim
standing
vpon
the
sea
on
the
other
side
in
12.
degrées
,
The
people
of
this
countrey
of
Sian
are
people
that
eate
of
all
kinde
of
beastes
,
There
is
in
this
countrey
a
certaine
small
vermine
,
which
vseth
to
cleaue
fast
to
the
trunke
of
the
elephant
,
and
draweth
the
blood
of
the
elephant
,
and
so
he
dieth
thereof
.
The
skull
of
this
vermine
is
so
hard
,
that
the
shot
of
an
handgun
cannot
enter
it
:
they
haue
in
their
liuers
the
figures
of
men
and
women
,
which
they
call
Toke●a
,
and
are
much
like
vnto
a
mandrake
.
After
that
Duarte
Fernandes
had
béen
with
the
Mantales
or
people
of
Sian
,
Alfonso
de
Albuquerque
sent
thither
a
knight
called
Ruy
Nunnez
de
Acunna
with
letters
and
ambassage
vnto
the
king
of
the
Seguies
,
Duarte
Fernandes
had
béene
before
,
vnto
the
cities
of
Tanaçerim
and
of
Martauan
,
standing
in
15.
degrées
toward
the
north
,
and
the
citie
of
Pegu
standeth
in
17.
This
was
the
first
Portugall
,
which
trauailed
in
that
kingdome
:
In
the
end
of
this
yeere
1511.
Alfonso
de
Albuquerque
sent
thrée
ships
to
the
Islands
of
Banda
,
Antonio
de
Breu
,
and
with
him
also
went
one
Francis
Serrano
:
and
in
these
ships
there
were
120.
persons
.
They
passed
through
the
Streight
of
Saban
,
and
along
the
Island
of
Samatra
,
and
others
,
leauing
them
on
the
left
hand
,
towards
the
east
:
and
they
called
them
the
Salites
.
La
Suparam
;
from
whence
they
sailed
by
the
noble
Island
of
Iaua
,
Beyond
the
Island
of
Iaua
they
sailed
along
by
another
called
Bali
:
[
*
](A01426-e17750-b)
*
Or
Guliam
.
Galao
,
Mallua
,
Vitara
,
Rosalangum
,
&
[
*
](A01426-e17770-b)
*
Or
Aru.
Arus
,
from
whence
are
brought
delicate
birds
,
which
are
of
great
estimation
because
of
their
feathers
:
they
came
also
to
other
Islands
lying
in
the
same
parallele
on
the
south
side
in
7.
or
8.
degrées
of
latitude
.
And
they
be
so
nere
the
one
to
the
other
,
that
they
séeme
at
the
first
to
be
one
entire
and
maine
land
.
The
course
by
these
Islands
is
aboue
fiue
hundred
leagues
.
The
ancient
Cosmographers
call
all
these
Islands
by
the
name
Iauos
:
but
late
experience
hath
found
their
names
to
be
very
diuers
,
as
you
see
.
Beyonde
these
there
are
other
Islands
toward
the
north
,
which
are
inhabited
with
whiter
people
going
arraied
in
shirts
,
Antonie
de
Breu
and
those
that
went
with
him
tooke
their
course
toward
the
north
,
where
is
a
smal
Island
called
Gumnape
or
Ternate
,
Francis
Serrano
was
,
for
she
was
old
and
rotten
.
They
went
to
a
place
on
the
other
side
standing
in
8.
degrées
toward
the
south
,
Francis
Serrano
bought
here
.
They
say
that
not
farre
from
the
Islands
of
Banda
there
is
an
Island
,
where
there
bréedeth
nothing
else
but
snakes
,
and
the
most
are
in
one
caue
in
the
middest
of
the
land
.
This
is
a
thing
not
much
to
be
woondred
at
;
for
as
much
as
in
the
Leuant
sea
hard
by
the
Isles
of
Maiorca
and
Minorca
there
is
another
Island
of
old
named
Ophi●sa
,
and
now
Formentera
,
wherein
there
is
great
abundance
of
these
vermine
:
and
in
the
rest
of
the
Islands
lying
by
it
there
are
none
.
In
the
yéere
1512.
they
departed
from
Banda
toward
Malacea
,
and
on
the
baxos
or
flats
of
Luçapinho
Francis
Serrano
perished
in
his
Iunke
or
barke
,
from
whence
escaped
vnto
the
Isle
of
Mindanao
nine
or
ten
Portugals
which
were
with
him
,
The
Island
of
Gumnape
now
called
Ternate
is
much
to
be
admired
,
for
that
it
casteth
out
fire
.
There
were
some
princes
of
the
Moores
and
couragious
Portugals
which
determined
to
goe
néere
to
the
firie
place
to
sée
what
it
was
;
but
they
could
neuer
come
néere
it
.
But
Antonie
Galuano
hearing
of
it
,
vndertooke
to
goe
vp
to
it
,
and
did
so
,
and
found
a
riuer
so
extreme
cold
,
that
he
could
not
suffer
his
hand
in
it
,
nor
yet
put
any
of
the
water
in
his
mouth
:
And
yet
this
place
standeth
vnder
the
line
,
where
the
sunne
continually
burneth
.
In
these
Islands
of
Maluco
there
is
a
kinde
of
men
that
haue
spurres
on
their
ankles
like
vnto
cocks
.
In
the
yéere
1512.
in
the
moneth
of
Ianuarie
Alfonsus
de
Albuquerque
went
backe
from
Malaca
vnto
Goa
,
Simon
de
Andrada
,
and
a
few
Portugals
were
driuen
vnto
the
Islands
of
Maldiua
being
many
&
full
of
palme
trées
:
and
they
stand
lowe
by
the
water
:
which
staied
there
till
they
knew
what
was
become
of
their
gouernour
.
These
were
the
first
Portugals
that
had
séene
those
Islands
,
wherein
there
growe
Cocos
,
which
are
very
good
against
all
kinde
of
poison
.
In
this
yéere
1512.
there
went
out
of
Castile
one
Iohn
de
Solis
borne
in
Lisbon
,
S.
Augustine
,
and
went
forwards
to
the
south
,
coasting
the
shore
and
land
,
and
he
came
vnto
The
Port
De
Lagoa
:
and
in
35.
degrées
of
southerly
latitude
he
found
a
riuer
which
they
of
Brasill
call
Parana-guaçu
,
that
is
,
The
great
Water
.
He
sawe
there
signes
of
siluer
,
and
therefore
called
it
Rio
de
Plata
,
In
the
same
yéere
1512.
Iohn
Ponce
of
Leon
,
which
had
béene
goueruour
of
the
Isle
of
S.
Iohn
armed
two
ships
and
went
to
séeke
the
Isle
of
Boyuca
,
where
the
naturals
of
the
countrey
reported
to
be
a
Wel
,
In
the
yéere
1513.
Vasco
Nunnes
de
Valboa
hearing
spéech
and
newes
of
The
south
sea
,
Saint
Michaels
day
came
vnto
it
:
where
he
imbarked
himselfe
against
the
will
of
Chiapes
,
who
was
the
Lord
of
that
coast
,
who
wished
him
not
to
doe
so
,
because
it
was
very
dangerous
for
him
.
But
he
desirous
to
haue
it
knowne
,
that
he
had
béene
vpon
those
seas
,
went
forwards
,
and
came
backe
againe
to
land
in
safetie
,
and
with
great
contentment
,
bringing
with
him
good
store
of
gold
,
siluer
,
and
pearles
,
which
there
they
tooke
.
For
which
good
seruice
of
his
Don
Ferdinando
the
king
greatly
fauoured
and
honoured
him
.
This
yéere
1513.
in
the
moneth
of
Februarie
Alfonsus
de
Albuquerque
went
from
the
citie
of
Goa
towards
the
streight
of
Mecha
with
twenty
ships
.
Camaran
▪
This
was
the
first
Portugall
captaine
that
gaue
information
of
those
seas
,
and
of
that
of
Persia
,
being
things
in
the
world
of
great
account
.
In
the
yéere
1514.
and
in
the
moneth
of
May
there
went
out
of
Saint
Lu●ar
one
Pedro
Arias
de
Auila
at
the
commandement
of
Don
Ferdinando
.
Castillia
del
Oro
or
Golden
Castile
:
for
so
they
named
the
countreyes
of
Dariene
,
Carthagena
,
and
Vraba
,
and
that
countrey
which
was
newly
conquered
.
He
carried
with
him
his
wife
the
Lady
Elizabeth
and
1500.
men
in
seuen
ships
;
and
the
king
appointed
Vasco
Nunnez
de
Valboa
gouernour
of
the
South
Sea
and
of
that
coast
.
In
the
beginning
of
the
yéere
1515.
the
gouernour
Pedro
Arias
de
Auila
sent
one
Gaspar
Morales
with
150.
men
vnto
the
Gulfe
of
S.
Michael
to
discouer
the
Islands
of
Tararequi
,
Chiapes
,
and
Tumaccus
.
There
was
a
Casique
Valboas
friend
which
gaue
him
many
Canoas
or
boates
made
of
one
trée
to
rowe
in
,
Pedro
Arias
after
the
gouernours
name
,
and
he
gaue
vnto
them
for
this
a
basket
full
of
pearles
waying
110.
pounds
,
whereof
some
were
as
big
as
hasell
nuts
of
20.
25.
26.
or
31.
carats
:
&
euery
carat
is
fower
graines
.
There
was
giuen
for
one
of
them
1200.
ducats
.
This
Island
of
Tararequi
standeth
in
5.
degrées
of
latitude
towards
the
north
.
In
this
yéere
1515.
in
the
moneth
of
March
the
gouernour
sent
one
Gonsaluo
de
Badaios
with
80.
soldiers
to
discouer
new
lands
,
and
they
went
from
Dariene
to
Nombre
de
Dios
,
where
came
vnto
them
one
Lewis
de
Mercado
with
fiftie
men
more
,
which
the
gouernour
sent
to
aide
him
.
They
determined
to
discouer
toward
the
South
,
The
gouernour
hearing
of
these
newes
,
the
same
yéere
1515.
sent
foorth
his
sonne
Iohn
Arias
de
Auila
to
be
reuenged
and
to
discouer
also
by
sea
and
by
land
:
They
went
westward
to
Cape
De
Guerra
standing
in
little
more
then
sixe
degrées
towards
the
north
,
In
this
very
yéere
1515.
in
the
moneth
of
May
Alfonsus
de
Albuquerque
gouernour
of
India
sent
from
the
citie
of
Ormuz
one
Fernando
Gomes
de
Lemos
as
ambassadour
vnto
Xec
or
Shaugh
Ismael
king
of
Persia
:
Shaugh
Ismael
went
on
hunting
and
fishing
for
troutes
,
whereof
there
are
many
.
And
there
be
the
fairest
women
in
all
the
world
.
And
so
Alexander
the
great
affirmed
,
when
he
called
them
The
women
with
golden
eies
.
And
this
yéere
this
woorthy
Viceroy
Alfonsus
de
Albuquerque
died
.
In
the
yéere
1416.
and
one
hundred
yéeres
after
the
taking
of
Ceuta
in
Barba●ie
,
Lopez
Suares
being
gouernour
of
India
,
there
was
a
dispatch
made
by
the
commandement
of
the
kings
highnes
vnto
one
Fernando
Perez
de
Andrada
to
passe
to
the
great
countrey
and
kingdome
of
China
.
He
went
from
the
citie
of
Cochin
in
the
moneth
of
Aprill
.
They
receiued
pepper
,
Iohn
Coelo
.
This
was
the
first
Portugall
as
farre
as
I
know
,
which
drunke
of
the
water
of
the
riuer
Ganges
.
This
yéere
1516.
died
Don
Fernando
king
of
Spaine
.
In
the
yéere
1517.
this
Fernando
Perez
went
vnto
the
citie
of
Malacha
,
Thomas
Perez
which
had
order
for
it
:
and
he
went
from
the
citie
of
Canton
,
[
*
](A01426-e19860-b)
*
Or
Pakin
.
Pekin
,
where
the
king
was
for
this
prouince
and
countrey
is
the
biggest
that
is
in
the
worlde
.
It
beginneth
at
Sailana
in
twentie
degrées
of
latitude
towards
the
north
,
and
it
endeth
almost
in
50.
degrées
.
Which
must
be
500.
leagues
in
length
:
and
they
say
that
it
containeth
300.
leagues
in
bredth
.
Fernando
Perez
was
14.
moneths
in
the
Isle
Da
Veniaga
,
Raphael
Perestrello
had
beene
there
in
a
Iunke
or
barke
of
certaine
marchants
of
Malaca
,
yet
vnto
Fernando
Perez
there
ought
to
be
giuen
the
praise
of
this
discouerie
:
as
well
for
that
he
had
commandement
from
the
king
,
as
in
discouering
so
much
with
Thomas
Perez
by
land
,
and
George
Mascarenhas
by
sea
,
In
this
same
yéere
1517.
Charles
,
which
afterward
was
Emperour
,
Francis
Fernandes
de
Cordoua
,
Christopher
Morantes
,
Lopez
Ochoa
armed
thrée
ships
at
their
owne
proper
charges
from
the
Island
of
Cuba
.
They
had
also
with
them
a
barke
of
Diego
Velasques
,
who
then
was
gouernour
:
Punta
de
las
Duennas
,
that
is
to
say
,
The
point
of
Ladies
,
which
was
the
first
place
wherein
they
had
séen
Temples
and
buildings
of
lime
and
stone
.
The
people
here
goe
better
apparelled
then
in
any
other
place
.
They
haue
crosses
which
they
worship
,
setting
them
vpon
their
tombes
when
they
be
buried
.
Wherby
it
séemeth
that
in
times
past
they
had
in
that
place
the
faith
of
Christ
among
them
.
And
some
say
that
thereabouts
were
The
seuen
Cities
.
New
Spaine
.
In
the
yéere
1518.
Lopez
Suares
commanded
Don
Iohn
de
Silueira
to
goe
to
the
Islands
of
Maldiua
:
Fernan
Perez
had
béen
commanded
to
goe
to
Bengala
,
yet
notwithstanding
Iohn
de
Silueira
ought
to
beare
away
the
commendation
of
this
discouerie
:
because
he
went
as
captaine
generall
,
and
remained
there
longest
,
learning
the
commodities
of
the
countrey
,
and
maners
of
the
people
.
In
the
said
yéere
1518.
the
first
day
of
May
Diego
Velasques
gouernour
of
the
Island
of
Cuba
sent
his
nephew
Iohn
de
Grisalua
with
fower
ships
&
two
hundred
soldiers
to
discouer
the
land
of
Iucatan
.
[
*
](A01426-e20390-b)
*
Or
Acuzamil
.
Cosumel
standing
towards
the
north
in
19.
degrées
,
and
named
it
Santa
Cruz
,
because
they
came
to
it
the
third
of
May
.
In
the
same
yéere
1518.
one
Francis
Garay
armed
thrée
ships
in
the
Isle
of
Iamaica
at
his
owne
charges
,
Francis
de
Garay
went
thither
the
next
yéere
and
begged
the
gouernment
of
that
countrey
of
the
Emperour
,
because
he
sawe
in
it
some
shew
of
gold
and
siluer
.
In
the
yeere
1519.
in
the
moneth
of
Februarie
Fernando
Cortes
went
from
the
Island
of
Cuba
to
the
land
which
is
called
Noua
Spania
with
11.
ships
and
550.
Spanyards
in
them
.
De
las
Duen●as
,
or
the
point
of
Ladies
,
S.
Iames
on
horsebacke
,
which
increased
their
courage
.
They
called
that
citie
Victoria
:
and
they
were
the
first
people
which
were
subdued
to
the
Spanyards
obedience
in
all
Newe
Spaine
.
From
hence
they
went
discouering
the
coast
till
they
came
vnto
a
place
named
S.
Iohn
de
Vllhua
,
New
Spaine
.
And
from
that
time
forward
Marine
and
Aguilar
serued
as
interpreters
.
Tendilli
presently
gaue
knowledge
of
this
vnto
Muteçuma
,
that
a
kinde
of
bearded
people
were
arriued
in
his
countrey
:
for
so
they
called
the
Castillians
.
But
he
was
troubled
vpon
that
newes
:
for
his
Gods
,
(
which
are
to
be
thought
to
be
diuels
)
had
told
him
,
that
such
people
as
the
Spanyards
were
should
destroy
his
law
and
countrey
,
and
be
Lords
thereof
.
And
therefore
he
sent
gifts
vnto
Cortes
,
in
value
20.
thousand
ducats
,
but
would
not
come
to
him
.
Because
S.
Iohn
de
Vllhua
was
then
no
place
for
a
nauie
to
ride
in
,
Cortes
sent
Francis
de
Mont●io
,
and
the
pilot
Antonie
Alaminos
in
two
brigandines
to
discouer
that
coast
;
who
came
to
a
place
where
they
might
ride
without
danger
.
They
came
to
Panuco
standing
in
23.
degrées
northward
:
Villa
rica
de
la
vera
cruz
.
From
whence
he
sent
vnto
Charles
the
Emperour
a
present
,
and
made
report
of
all
that
he
had
done
,
and
how
he
determined
to
goe
to
Mexico
,
and
to
visite
Muteçuma
:
and
besought
the
Emperour
to
giue
him
the
gouernment
of
that
countrey
.
And
because
his
people
should
not
rise
in
mutinie
,
as
they
began
,
he
destroied
all
his
ships
.
Cortes
presently
went
from
Villa
rica
de
la
vera
Cruz
,
leauing
there
150.
Spanish
horsemen
,
and
many
Indians
to
serue
them
;
and
the
villages
round
about
became
his
friends
.
He
went
vnto
the
citie
of
Zempoallan
:
Francis
Garay
was
on
the
coast
with
fower
ships
to
come
on
land
:
And
by
subtiltie
he
got
nine
of
his
men
;
of
whom
he
vnderstood
,
that
Garay
had
béene
in
Florida
,
and
came
vnto
the
riuer
Panuco
,
where
he
got
some
golde
,
determining
to
stay
there
in
a
towne
which
is
now
called
Almeria
.
Cortos
ouerthrew
the
idols
in
Zempoallan
,
Nombre
de
Dios.
At
the
bottome
of
the
mountaine
he
rested
in
a
towne
called
Te●hixuacan
,
and
from
thence
they
went
through
a
desolate
countrey
,
and
so
came
to
another
mountaine
that
was
very
colde
and
full
of
snow
,
The
countrey
of
Tenich
and
vp
the
riuer
were
not
subiect
to
Muteçuma
,
but
had
warre
with
him
,
and
would
not
suffe●
the
Mexicans
to
enter
into
their
territorie
.
They
sent
ambassadors
vnto
Cortes
with
presents
,
offering
him
their
estate
,
and
amitie
;
whereof
Muteçuma
was
nothing
glad
.
They
which
went
to
Tututepec
standing
néere
the
South
sea
did
also
bring
with
them
examples
of
gold
,
and
praised
the
pleasantnes
of
the
countrey
,
and
the
multitude
of
good
harbours
vpon
that
coast
,
shewing
to
Cortes
a
cloth
of
cotton
wooll
all
wouen
with
goodly
workes
,
wherein
all
the
coast
with
the
hauens
and
créekes
were
set
foorth
.
Pamphilus
de
Naruaez
into
the
countrey
,
In
this
yéere
1519.
the
tenth
day
of
August
one
Fernande
de
Magallanes
departed
from
Siuill
with
fiue
ships
toward
the
Islands
of
Maluco
:
Saint
Iulian
standing
in
49.
degrées
,
and
there
he
entred
and
wintred
:
they
endured
much
cold
by
reason
of
snow
and
ice
:
the
people
of
that
countrey
they
found
to
be
of
great
stature
,
and
of
great
strength
,
taking
men
by
the
legs
and
renting
them
in
the
middest
as
easily
as
one
of
vs
will
rent
an
hen
:
they
liue
by
fruits
and
hunting
.
In
the
yéere
1520.
in
the
beginning
of
the
moneth
of
September
growing
then
somewhat
temperate
they
went
out
of
the
port
and
riuer
of
Saint
Iulian
,
hauing
lost
in
it
one
of
their
ships
,
and
with
the
other
f●wer
he
came
vnto
the
Streights
named
after
the
name
of
Mag●llanes
standing
in
52.
degrées
and
a
halfe
.
From
thence
one
of
the
ships
returned
backe
vnto
Castile
,
whereof
was
captaine
and
pilot
one
Stephen
de
Porto
a
Portugall
,
and
the
other
thrée
went
forward
,
entring
into
a
mightie
sea
called
Pacificum
,
without
séeing
any
inhabited
land
till
they
came
in
13.
degrées
towards
the
north
of
the
Equinoctiall
:
in
which
latitude
they
came
vnto
Islands
which
they
called
Los
Iardines
;
S.
Lazarus
,
and
in
one
of
the
Islands
called
Matan
Magallanes
was
slaine
,
About
this
time
Pope
Leo
the
tenth
sent
one
Paulus
Centurio
as
ambassadour
to
the
greot
Duke
of
Moscouie
to
wish
him
to
send
into
India
an
armie
along
the
coast
of
Tartarie
.
In
this
same
yéere
1520.
in
Februarie
Diego
Lopes
de
Sequeira
gouernour
of
India
went
towards
the
Streight
of
Mecha
and
carried
with
him
the
ambassadour
of
Presbyter
Iohn
,
and
Roderigo
de
Lima
who
also
went
as
ambassadour
to
him
.
Red
sea
on
the
side
of
Africa
in
17.
degrées
towards
the
north
:
where
he
set
the
ambassadours
on
land
,
with
the
Portugals
that
should
goe
with
them
.
Peter
de
Couillan
had
béene
there
before
,
Francis
Aluarez
gaue
principall
light
and
knowledge
of
that
countrey
.
In
the
yeere
1520.
the
licenciate
Lucas
Vasques
de
Aillon
and
other
inhabitants
of
S.
Domingo
furnished
two
ships
,
Saint
Helena
standing
in
32.
degrées
toward
the
north
.
About
this
time
Diego
Velasques
gouernour
of
Cuba
hearing
the
good
successe
of
Cortes
,
New
Spaine
,
which
he
held
to
be
his
,
he
furnished
out
thither
against
Cortes
18.
ships
with
1000.
men
and
80.
horses
,
whereof
he
sent
as
Generall
one
Pamphilus
de
Naruaez
.
He
came
vnto
the
towne
called
Villa
rica
de
la
vera
Cruz
,
where
he
tooke
land
,
and
commanded
those
of
the
countrey
to
receiue
him
as
gouernour
thereof
:
But
they
tooke
his
messenger
prisoner
,
and
sent
him
to
Mexico
where
Cortes
was
.
Which
thing
being
knowne
of
Cortes
,
he
wrote
letters
vnto
Naruaez
not
to
raise
any
vprore
in
the
countrey
which
he
had
discouered
,
offering
him
obedience
if
he
had
any
commission
from
the
Emperour
;
but
he
corrupted
the
people
of
the
countrey
with
money
:
Whereupon
Cortes
went
from
Mexico
and
tooke
Naruaez
prisoner
in
the
towne
of
Zampoallan
,
and
put
out
one
of
his
eies
.
Naruaez
being
thus
taken
prisoner
,
his
armie
submitted
themselues
to
Cortes
,
and
obeied
him
.
Whereupon
presently
he
dispatched
200.
soldiers
vnto
the
riuer
of
Garay
,
and
he
sent
Iohn
Vasquez
de
Leon
with
other
two
hundred
vnto
Cosaalco
,
and
withall
sent
a
Spanyard
with
the
newes
of
his
victorie
vnto
Mexico
.
Peter
de
Aluarado
,
and
the
rest
which
he
had
left
there
aliue
&
in
safetie
,
wherewith
he
was
greatly
pleased
,
and
Muteçuma
made
much
of
him
.
But
yet
the
Mexicans
ceased
not
but
made
warre
against
him
:
and
the
warre
grew
so
hot
that
they
killed
their
king
Muteçuma
with
a
stone
,
Cortes
obtaining
still
more
and
more
victories
defermined
to
sée
further
within
the
countrey
:
Gonsalo
de
Sandoual
with
200.
footemen
and
35
▪
horsemen
,
and
cortaine
Indians
his
friends
vnto
Tochtepec
and
Coazacoalco
,
Santo
Spirito
fewer
leagues
from
the
sea
vpon
a
riuer
;
and
these
two
townes
kept
the
whole
countrey
in
obedience
.
This
yéere
1521.
in
December
Emmanuell
king
of
Portugall
died
,
In
the
yéere
1521.
there
went
from
Maluco
one
of
Magellans
ships
laden
with
cl●ues
:
Bona
Sperança
,
where
they
tooke
in
fresh
water
and
wood
:
So
they
came
by
the
Islands
of
Cape
Verde
,
and
from
thence
to
Siuill
,
where
they
were
notably
receiued
,
as
well
for
the
cloues
that
they
brought
,
as
that
they
had
compassed
about
the
world
.
In
the
yéere
1522.
in
Ianuarie
one
Gilgonzales
armed
fower
ships
in
the
Island
of
Tararequi
standing
in
the
South
sea
with
intent
to
discouer
the
coast
of
Nicarag●a
,
S.
Vincent
,
and
there
landed
with
100.
Spanyards
and
certaine
horsemen
,
and
went
within
the
land
200.
leagues
▪
and
he
brought
with
him
200.
pesoes
of
gold
,
and
so
came
backe
againe
to
S.
Vincent
:
where
he
found
his
pilot
Andrew
Nigno
,
who
was
as
far
as
Tecoantepec
in
16.
degrées
to
the
north
,
In
the
same
yéere
1522.
in
the
moneth
of
Aprill
the
other
ship
of
Magallanes
called
The
Trinitie
went
from
the
Island
of
Tidoré
,
Gonzalo
Gomez
de
Espinosa
,
Noua
Spania
:
and
because
winde
was
scant
they
stirred
toward
the
northeast
into
16.
degrées
,
Saint
Iohn
,
and
in
that
course
they
came
to
another
Island
in
20.
degrées
,
which
they
named
La
Griega
,
where
the
simple
people
came
into
their
ships
,
of
whom
they
kept
some
to
shew
them
in
Noua
Spania
:
They
were
in
this
course
fower
monethes
,
Antonie
de
Bri●to
building
a
fortresse
,
which
tooke
from
them
their
goods
,
and
sent
48.
of
them
prisoners
to
Malaca
.
In
this
yéere
1522.
●oua
Spania
on
that
side
,
whereof
he
had
knowledge
in
Muteçuma
his
time
,
(
bicause
he
thought
by
that
way
to
bring
the
drugs
from
Maluco
and
Banda
,
and
the
spiceris
from
Iaua
,
with
lesse
trauaile
and
danger
)
he
sent
fewer
Spaniards
with
their
guides
to
Tecoantepec
,
Qua●utemallan
,
and
other
hauens
:
where
they
were
wel
receiued
,
and
brought
some
of
the
people
with
them
to
Mexico
:
In
the
yéere
1523.
Cortes
sent
vnto
him
for
his
aide
Peter
de
Aluarado
,
Tecoantepec
▪
and
Quahutemallan
asked
them
for
the
monsters
of
the
sea
which
came
thither
the
yéere
past
,
meaning
the
ships
of
Gil
Gonsales
de
Auila
,
being
greatly
amazed
at
the
sight
of
them
,
and
woondring
much
more
when
they
heard
,
that
Cortes
had
bigger
then
those
:
Sant
Iago
or
Saint
Iames
,
In
the
same
yeere
1523.
in
the
moneth
of
May
Antonie
de
Britto
being
captaine
of
the
Isles
of
Maluco
sent
his
cosen
Simon
de
Breu
to
learne
the
way
by
the
Isle
of
Borneo
to
Malaca
:
Saint
Michael
standing
in
7.
degrées
,
Pedra
branca
or
the
White
stone
,
In
this
same
yéere
1523.
Cortes
went
with
300.
footemen
and
150.
horsemen
and
40000.
Mexicans
to
Panuco
both
to
discouer
it
better
,
Francis
Garay
.
They
of
Panuco
resisted
him
,
but
Cortes
in
the
end
ouerthrew
them
,
and
conquered
the
countrey
:
And
hard
by
Chila
vpon
the
riuer
he
built
a
towne
and
named
it
Santo
Stephano
del
puerto
,
Peter
de
Vall●io
for
lieutenant
.
This
iourney
cost
him
76.
thousand
Castillians
,
besides
the
Spanyards
,
horses
,
and
Maxicans
which
died
there
.
In
this
yéere
1523.
Francis
de
Garay
made
nine
ships
and
two
brigandines
to
goe
to
Panuco
and
to
Rio
de
las
Palmas
to
be
there
as
gouernour
:
Pamphilus
de
Naruaez
,
he
determined
to
take
another
companion
with
him
,
and
desired
the
Doctor
Zuazo
to
goe
to
Mexico
and
procure
some
agréement
betwéene
Cortes
and
him
.
And
they
departed
from
Xagua
each
one
about
his
busines
.
Zuazo
came
in
great
ieoperdie
,
and
Garay
went
not
cléere
without
.
Rio
de
las
Palmas
on
S.
Iames
his
day
,
and
then
he
sent
vp
the
riuer
one
Gonsaluo
de
Ocampo
,
who
at
his
returne
declared
that
it
was
an
euill
and
desert
countrey
:
but
notwithstanding
Garay
went
there
on
land
with
400.
footemen
and
some
horsemen
;
and
he
commanded
one
Iohn
de
Grijalua
to
search
the
coast
,
and
he
himselfe
marched
by
land
towards
Panuco
,
and
passed
a
riuer
which
he
named
Rio
montalco
;
Gonçalo
de
Ocampo
to
Sant
Isteuan
del
puerto
to
know
whether
they
would
receiue
him
or
no.
They
had
a
good
answere
.
But
Cortes
his
men
priuily
by
an
ambushment
tooke
40.
of
Garayes
horsemen
,
alleaging
that
they
came
to
vsurpe
the
gouernment
of
another
:
and
besides
this
misfortune
he
lost
fower
of
his
ships
:
whereupon
he
left
off
to
procéede
any
farther
.
While
Cortes
was
preparing
to
set
forward
to
Panuco
▪
Francis
de
las
Casas
,
and
Roderigo
de
la
Paz
arriued
at
Mexico
with
letters
patents
,
Nueua
Spagna
and
all
the
countrey
which
Cortes
had
conquered
to
Cortes
,
and
namely
Panuco
.
Whereupon
he
staied
his
iourney
.
But
he
sent
Diego
de
Ocampo
with
the
said
letters
patents
,
and
Pedro
de
Aluarado
with
store
of
footemen
and
horsemen
.
Garay
knowing
this
thought
it
best
to
yéeld
himselfe
vnto
Cortes
his
hands
,
and
to
go
to
Mexico
;
which
thing
he
did
hauing
discouered
a
great
tract
of
land
.
In
this
yéere
1523.
Gil
Gonçales
de
Auila
made
a
discouerie
,
San
Gil
de
buena
vista
standing
in
14.
degrées
toward
the
north
,
In
this
yéere
1523.
the
sixt
day
of
December
Peter
de
Aluarado
went
from
the
citie
of
Mexico
by
Cortes
his
commandement
to
discouer
&
conquere
Quahutemallan
,
Vtlatlan
,
Chiapa
,
Xochnuxco
,
and
other
townes
toward
the
South
sea
.
He
had
with
him
thrée
hundred
soldiers
,
170.
horsemen
,
foure
field
péeces
,
and
some
noble
men
of
Mexico
,
with
people
of
the
countrey
to
aide
him
as
well
in
the
warre
,
as
by
the
way
being
long
.
He
went
by
Tecoantepec
to
Xochnuxco
,
and
other
places
aboue
said
with
great
trauaile
and
losse
of
his
men
:
but
he
discouered
and
subdued
all
the
countrey
.
There
are
in
those
parts
certaine
hils
that
haue
Alume
in
them
,
Sant
Iago
de
Quahutemallan
.
Peter
de
Aluarado
begged
the
gouernment
of
this
countrey
,
and
the
report
is
that
it
was
giuen
him
.
In
the
yeere
1523.
the
8.
day
of
December
Cortes
sent
Diego
de
Godoy
with
100.
footemen
and
30.
horsemen
,
Del
Espiritu
santo
:
In
the
yéere
1524.
in
Februarie
Cortes
sent
one
Roderigo
Rangel
with
150.
Spaniards
and
many
of
the
Tlaxcallans
and
Mexicans
against
the
Zapoteeas
and
Nixticas
and
vnto
other
prouinces
and
countreyes
not
so
well
discouered
:
In
this
same
yéere
1524.
one
Roderigo
de
Bastidas
was
sent
to
discouer
,
Santa
Martha
:
where
he
lost
his
life
because
he
would
not
suffer
the
soldiers
to
take
the
spoile
of
a
certaine
towne
.
They
ioined
with
Peter
Villa-forte
,
and
he
being
sometimes
his
entire
friend
did
helpe
to
kill
him
with
daggers
lying
in
his
bed
.
Afterward
Don
Pedro
de
Lugo
,
and
Don
Alfonso
his
sonne
were
gouernours
of
that
place
,
which
vsed
themselues
like
couetous
tyrants
;
whereof
grew
much
trouble
.
In
this
same
yéere
also
1524.
after
that
the
Licenciate
Lucas
Vasques
de
Aillon
had
obtained
of
the
Emperour
the
gouernment
of
Chicora
,
Santo
Domingo
and
went
to
discouer
the
countrey
,
and
to
inhabite
it
:
but
he
was
lost
with
all
his
companie
,
leauing
nothing
done
woorthy
of
memorie
.
And
I
cannot
tell
how
it
commeth
to
passe
,
except
it
be
by
the
iust
iudgement
of
God
,
that
of
so
much
gold
and
precious
stones
as
haue
béene
gotten
in
the
Antiles
by
so
many
Spaniards
,
little
or
none
remaineth
,
but
the
most
part
is
spent
and
consumed
,
and
no
good
thing
done
.
In
this
yéere
1524.
Cortes
sent
one
Christopher
de
Olid
with
a
fléete
to
the
Island
of
Cuba
to
receiue
the
vitailes
and
munition
which
Alonso
de
Contreras
had
prepared
and
to
discouer
and
people
the
countrey
about
Cape
De
Higueras
and
the
Honduras
;
Diego
Hurtado
de
Mendoça
by
sea
,
to
search
the
coast
from
thence
euen
to
Darien
to
finde
out
the
Streight
which
was
thought
to
run
into
the
South
sea
,
as
the
Emperour
had
commanded
.
He
sent
also
two
ships
from
Panuco
to
search
along
the
coast
vnto
Florida
.
He
commanded
also
certaine
brigandines
to
search
the
coast
from
Zacatullan
vnto
Panama
.
This
Christopher
de
Olid
came
to
the
Island
of
Cuba
,
and
made
a
league
with
Diego
Velasquez
against
Cortes
,
and
so
set
saile
and
went
on
land
hard
by
Puerto
de
Cauallos
standing
in
10.
degrées
to
the
north
,
and
built
a
towne
which
he
called
Triumpho
de
la
Cruz.
He
tooke
Gil
Gonzales
de
Auila
prisoner
,
and
killed
his
nephew
and
the
Spaniards
that
were
with
him
all
sauing
one
childe
,
and
shewed
himselfe
an
enimie
to
Cortes
,
who
had
spent
in
that
expedition
thirty
thousand
Castellans
of
gold
to
doe
him
pleasure
withall
.
Cortes
vnderstanding
hereof
the
same
yéere
1524.
and
in
the
moneth
of
October
he
went
out
of
the
citie
of
Mexico
to
seeke
Christopher
de
Olid
to
be
reuenged
of
him
,
La
villa
del
Espiritu
santo
,
he
required
guides
of
the
Lords
of
Tauasco
and
Xicalanco
:
and
they
sent
him
ten
of
their
principall
men
for
guides
:
who
gaue
him
also
a
map
of
cotton
wooll
,
In
this
yeere
1524.
they
came
to
the
citie
of
Izancanac
,
Nito
Cortes
with
his
owne
companie
and
all
the
Spanyards
that
he
found
there
departed
to
the
shore
or
strand
called
La
Ba●a
de
Sant
Andres
,
Natividad
de
nuestra
Sennora
.
From
hence
Cortes
went
to
the
towne
of
Truxillo
standing
in
the
hauen
of
the
Honduras
,
Gonsalo
de
Sandoual
to
march
with
his
companie
from
Naco
to
Mexico
by
land
toward
the
South
sea
vnto
Quahutemallan
,
Truxillo
Fernando
de
Saavedra
his
cosen
:
and
he
himselfe
went
by
sea
along
the
coast
of
Iucatan
to
Chalchicoeca
now
called
Sant
Iuan
de
Vllhua
,
and
so
to
Medellin
,
and
from
thence
to
Mexico
,
where
he
was
well
receiued
,
hauing
béene
from
thence
18.
monethes
,
and
had
gone
fiue
hundred
leagues
trauailing
often
out
of
his
way
,
and
enduring
much
hardnes
.
In
the
yéere
1525.
Francis
Pizarro
and
Diego
de
Almagro
went
from
Panama
to
discouer
Peru
standing
beyond
the
line
towarde
the
South
,
Nueua
Castillia
.
Pedro
Arias
would
not
entermeddle
with
this
expedition
,
because
of
the
euill
newes
which
his
captaine
Francis
Vezerra
had
brought
.
Francis
Pizarro
went
first
in
a
ship
hauing
with
him
124.
soldiers
,
and
Almagro
went
after
him
in
another
ship
with
70.
men
.
He
came
to
Rio
de
San
Iuan
standing
in
thrée
degrées
where
he
got
two
thousand
pesoes
of
gold
;
and
not
finding
Pizarro
,
he
went
to
séeke
him
,
repenting
his
doings
by
reason
of
a
mishap
that
he
had
.
But
he
went
first
to
an
Island
called
Isla
del
Gorgona
,
Isla
del
Gallo
,
Rio
del
Peru
standing
in
two
degrées
northward
,
Rio
de
San
Francisco
,
Cabo
de
Passaos
,
where
they
passed
the
Equinoctiall
line
,
Puerto
Vejo
standing
in
one
degrée
to
the
south
of
the
line
:
from
whence
they
sailed
to
the
riuers
of
Chinapanpa
,
In
the
same
yéere
1525.
there
was
sent
out
of
Spaine
a
fléete
of
seuen
ships
,
Garsia
de
Loaisa
to
the
Islands
of
Maluco
.
S.
Matthew
:
and
it
seemed
to
be
inhabited
,
because
they
found
in
it
orenge
trées
,
hogs
,
and
hennes
in
caues
,
and
vpon
the
rindes
of
most
of
the
trées
there
were
grauen
Portugall
letters
,
shewing
that
the
Portugals
had
béene
there
17.
yéeres
before
that
time
.
Iohn
de
Resaga
,
and
ran
all
along
the
coast
of
Peru
and
Noua
Spagna
:
They
declared
all
their
successe
vnto
Cortes
,
and
told
him
,
that
frier
Garsia
de
Loaisa
was
passed
to
the
islands
of
cloues
.
But
of
this
fléete
the
Admirall
onely
came
thither
,
wherein
was
captaine
one
Martine
Mingues
de
Car●houa
:
for
Loaisa
and
the
other
captaines
died
by
the
way
.
All
the
Moores
of
Maluco
were
found
well
affectioned
to
the
Spaniards
.
In
the
same
yéere
1525.
the
pilot
Stephen
Gomes
went
from
the
port
of
the
Groine
toward
the
north
to
discouer
the
streight
vnto
the
Malucos
by
the
north
,
Garsia
de
Loaisa
.
Fernando
de
Andrada
,
and
the
Doctor
Beltram
,
and
the
marchant
Christopher
de
Sarro
furnished
a
gallion
for
him
,
and
he
went
from
the
Groine
in
Galicia
to
the
Island
of
Cuba
,
and
to
the
point
of
Florida
,
sailing
by
day
because
he
knew
not
the
land
.
He
passed
the
bay
Angra
,
and
the
riuer
Enseada
,
and
so
went
ouer
to
the
other
side
.
It
is
also
reported
that
he
came
to
Cape
Razo
in
46.
degrées
to
the
north
:
from
whence
he
came
backe
againe
to
the
Groine
laden
with
slaues
.
The
newes
hereof
ran
by
and
by
through
Spaine
,
that
he
was
come
home
laden
with
cloues
as
mistaking
the
word
:
and
it
was
carried
to
the
Court
of
Spaine
:
but
when
the
truth
was
knowne
it
turned
to
a
pleasant
iest
.
In
this
voiage
Gomes
was
ten
monethes
.
In
this
yéere
1525.
Don
George
de
Meneses
captaine
of
Maluco
,
and
with
him
Don
Garcia
Henriques
sent
a
foyst
to
discouer
land
towards
the
north
,
wherein
went
as
captaine
one
Diego
de
Rocha
,
and
Gomes
de
Sequeira
for
pilot
.
In
9.
or
10.
degrées
they
found
certaine
Islands
standing
close
together
,
Gomes
de
Sequeira
,
he
being
the
first
pilot
that
discouered
them
.
And
they
came
backe
againe
by
the
Island
of
Batochina
.
In
the
yéere
1526.
there
went
out
of
Siuill
one
Sebastian
Cabota
a
Venetian
by
his
father
,
Saint
Augustine
.
In
the
Bay
of
Patos
or
of
ducks
the
Admirall
ship
perished
;
and
being
without
hope
to
get
to
the
Isles
of
Maluco
they
there
made
a
pinnesse
to
enter
vp
the
riuer
of
Plate
,
and
to
search
it
.
They
ran
60.
leagues
vp
before
they
came
to
the
barre
:
where
they
left
their
great
ships
,
and
with
their
small
pinnesses
passed
vp
the
riuer
Parana
,
Parso
,
Bulcasban
,
Cay
,
Parima
,
Hiucax
,
with
others
which
make
it
very
broad
and
great
.
It
is
said
also
,
that
out
of
this
lake
runneth
the
riuer
called
Rio
de
San
Francesco
;
and
by
this
meane
the
riuers
come
to
be
so
great
.
In
the
yéere
1517.
one
Pamphilus
de
Naruaez
went
out
of
S.
Lucar
de
Barameda
to
be
generall
of
the
coast
and
land
of
Florida
as
farre
as
Rio
de
las
Palmas
,
Rio
de
las
Palmas
;
in
which
voiage
they
were
almost
all
lost
:
Spaniards
Malhada
being
very
drie
and
barren
,
where
the
Spaniards
killed
one
another
,
and
the
people
also
of
the
countrey
did
the
like
.
Naruaez
and
those
which
went
with
him
sawe
some
golde
with
certaine
Indians
,
and
he
demanded
of
them
where
they
gathered
it
:
and
they
answered
that
they
had
it
at
Apalachen
.
Saint
Michael
of
Culuacan
standing
in
23.
degrées
and
vpward
toward
the
north
.
This
yéere
1527.
when
Cortes
vnderstood
by
the
pinnesse
aforesaide
that
Don
Garcia
de
Loaisa
was
passed
by
the
Streight
of
Magelan
toward
the
Islands
of
cloues
,
New
Spaine
as
farre
as
the
Isles
of
Maluco
.
There
went
as
gouernour
in
those
ships
one
Aluaro
de
Saavedra
Ceron
,
cosen
vnto
Cortes
,
a
man
fit
for
that
purpose
.
He
made
saile
from
Ciuatlanejo
,
now
named
S.
Christopher
standing
in
20.
degrées
toward
the
north
on
All
Saints
day
.
They
arriued
at
the
Islands
which
Magelan
named
The
Pleasures
;
and
from
thence
sailed
to
the
Islands
,
which
Gomes
de
Sequeira
had
discouered
,
Islas
de
los
Reyes
,
that
is
to
say
,
The
Isles
of
the
kings
,
because
they
came
vnto
them
on
Twelfe
day
.
In
the
way
Saavedra
lost
two
ships
of
his
company
,
of
which
they
neuer
after
heard
newes
.
But
from
Island
to
Island
he
still
sailed
and
came
to
the
Island
of
Candiga
,
In
the
yéere
1528.
in
March
Saavedra
arriued
at
the
Islands
of
Maluco
,
and
came
to
an
anker
before
the
Isle
of
Gilolo
:
he
found
the
sea
calme
and
winde
at
will
,
without
any
tempests
:
and
he
tooke
the
distance
from
thence
to
Noua
Spagna
to
be
2050.
leagues
.
At
this
time
Martin
Yn̄iguez
de
Carquiçano
died
,
and
Fernando
de
la
Torre
was
chosen
their
Generall
,
who
then
was
in
the
citie
of
Tidore
,
who
had
there
erected
a
gallows
and
had
fierce
warre
with
Don
George
de
Meneses
captaine
of
the
Portugals
:
and
in
a
fight
which
they
had
the
fourth
day
of
May
Saavedra
tooke
from
him
a
galiotte
and
slew
the
captaine
thereof
called
Fernando
de
Baldaya
,
and
in
Iune
he
returned
towards
New
Spaine
,
hauing
with
him
one
Simon
de
Brito
Patalin
and
other
Portugals
,
and
hauing
béene
certaine
monethes
at
sea
,
he
was
forced
backe
vnto
Tidore
,
where
Patalin
was
beheaded
and
quartered
,
and
his
companions
hanged
.
In
this
yéere
1528.
Cortes
sent
two
hundred
footemen
and
60.
horsemen
,
Del
Valle
,
and
married
him
to
the
Lady
Iane
de
Zuniga
daughter
vnto
the
Earle
de
Aguilar
,
and
then
the
Emperour
sent
him
backe
againe
to
be
Generall
of
New
Spaine
.
In
the
yéere
1529.
in
May
Saavedra
returned
back
againe
towards
New
Spaine
,
Saavedra
hauing
sailed
4.
or
5.
degrées
to
the
South
of
the
line
,
returned
vnto
it
,
and
passed
the
Equinoctiall
towards
the
north
,
and
discouered
an
Island
which
he
called
Isla
de
los
Pintados
,
A
little
beyond
this
Island
in
10.
or
12.
degrées
they
found
many
small
low
Islands
full
of
palme
trées
and
grasse
,
which
they
called
Los
Iardines
,
Saavedra
perceiuing
that
the
time
and
weather
was
then
somewhat
better
for
his
purpose
,
made
saile
towards
the
firme
land
and
citie
of
Panama
,
where
he
might
vnlade
the
cloues
and
marchandise
which
he
had
,
that
so
in
cartes
it
might
be
carried
fower
leagues
to
the
riuer
of
Chagre
,
which
they
say
is
nauigable
running
out
into
the
North
sea
not
far
from
Nombre
de
Dios
,
where
the
ships
ride
,
which
come
out
of
Spaine
:
by
which
way
all
kinde
of
goods
might
be
brought
vnto
them
in
shorter
time
,
and
with
lesse
danger
,
then
to
saile
about
the
Cape
of
Bona
Sperança
.
For
from
Maluco
vnto
Panama
they
saile
continually
betwéene
the
Tropickes
and
the
line
:
but
they
neuer
found
winde
to
serue
that
course
,
and
therefore
they
came
backe
againe
to
Maluco
very
sad
,
because
Saavedra
died
by
the
way
:
who
if
he
had
liued
meant
to
haue
opened
the
land
of
Gastillia
del
Oro
and
New
Spaine
from
sea
to
sea
.
S.
Michael
to
Vraba
,
which
is
25.
leagues
,
Nombre
de
Dios
being
17.
leagues
distance
:
or
through
Xaquator
a
riuer
of
Nicaragua
,
which
springeth
out
of
a
lake
thrée
or
fower
leagues
from
the
South
sea
,
and
falleth
into
the
North
sea
;
whereupon
doe
saile
great
barks
and
crayers
.
The
other
place
is
from
Tecoantepee
through
a
riuer
to
Verdadera
Cruz
in
the
Bay
of
the
Honduras
,
which
also
might
be
opened
in
a
streight
.
Which
if
it
were
done
,
then
they
might
saile
from
the
Canaries
vnto
the
Malucos
vnder
the
climate
of
the
Zodiake
in
lesse
time
and
with
much
lesse
danger
,
then
to
saile
about
the
Cape
de
Bona
Sperança
,
or
by
the
streight
of
Magelan
,
or
by
the
Northwest
.
In
this
yéere
1529
,
one
Damian
de
Goes
a
Portugal
being
in
Flanders
,
after
that
he
had
trauailed
ouer
all
Spaine
,
was
yet
desirous
to
sée
more
countreyes
,
and
fashions
,
and
diuersities
of
people
;
and
therefore
went
ouer
into
England
and
Scotland
,
and
was
in
the
courts
of
the
kings
of
those
parts
:
and
after
that
came
againe
into
Flanders
,
and
then
trauailed
through
Zealand
,
Holland
,
Brabant
,
Luxenburge
,
Suitzerland
,
and
so
through
the
cities
of
Colen
,
Spyres
,
Argentine
,
Basill
,
and
other
parts
of
Alemaine
,
&
then
came
backe
againe
into
Flanders
:
and
from
thence
he
went
into
France
through
Picardie
,
Normandie
,
Champaine
,
Burgundie
,
the
dukedome
of
Borbon
,
Gascoigne
,
Languedoc
,
Daulphinie
,
the
dukedome
of
Sauoy
,
and
passed
into
Italy
into
the
dukedome
of
Millaine
,
Ferrara
,
Lombardie
,
and
so
to
Venice
,
and
turned
backe
againe
to
the
territorie
of
Genoa
,
and
the
dukedome
of
Florence
through
all
Tuscane
:
and
he
was
in
the
citie
of
Rome
,
and
in
the
kingdome
of
Naples
from
the
one
side
to
the
other
.
From
thence
he
went
into
Germanie
to
Vlmes
,
and
other
places
of
the
Empire
,
to
the
dukedome
of
Sueuia
and
of
Bauier
,
and
the
Archdukedome
of
Austrich
,
the
kingdome
of
Boeme
,
the
dukedome
of
Morania
,
and
the
kingdome
of
Hungarie
,
and
so
to
the
confines
of
Graecia
.
From
thence
he
went
to
the
kingdome
of
Poland
,
Prussia
,
and
the
dukedome
of
Liuonia
,
and
so
came
into
the
great
dukedome
of
Moscouia
.
From
whence
he
came
backe
into
High
Alemayne
,
and
through
the
countreyes
of
the
Lantzgraue
,
the
dukedome
of
Saxonie
,
the
countreyes
of
Denmarke
,
Gotland
,
and
Norway
,
trauailing
so
farre
,
that
he
found
himselfe
in
70.
degrées
of
latitude
towards
the
North.
He
did
sée
,
speake
and
was
conuersant
with
all
the
kings
,
princes
,
nobles
and
chiefe
cities
of
all
Christendome
in
the
space
of
22.
yéeres
:
So
that
by
reason
of
the
greatnes
of
his
trauell
,
I
thought
him
a
man
woorthie
to
be
here
remembred
.
In
the
yéere
1529.
or
1530.
one
Melchior
de
Sofa
Tauarez
went
from
the
citie
of
Ormuz
vnto
Balfera
and
the
Islands
of
Gissara
with
certaine
ships
of
warre
,
and
passed
vp
as
farre
as
the
place
,
where
the
riuers
Tygris
and
Euphrates
méete
one
with
the
other
.
And
although
other
Portugals
had
discouered
and
sailed
through
that
streight
,
yet
neuer
any
of
them
sailed
so
farre
vpon
the
fresh
water
till
that
time
,
when
he
discouered
that
riuer
from
the
one
side
to
the
other
,
wherein
he
saw
many
things
which
the
Portugals
knew
not
.
Not
long
after
this
one
Ferdinando
Coutinho
a
Portugall
came
vnto
Ormuz
,
and
being
desirous
to
sée
the
world
,
he
determined
to
goe
into
Portugall
from
thence
ouer
land
to
sée
Asia
and
Europe
;
And
to
doe
this
the
better
he
went
into
Arabia
,
Persia
,
and
vpwards
the
riuer
Euphrates
the
space
of
a
moneth
;
and
saw
many
kingdomes
and
countreies
,
which
in
our
time
had
not
béene
séene
by
the
Portugals
:
He
was
taken
prisoner
in
Damasco
,
and
afterward
crost
ouer
the
prouince
of
Syria
,
and
came
vnto
the
citie
of
Alepo
.
He
had
béene
at
the
holy
Sepulchre
in
Ierusalem
,
and
in
the
citie
of
Cayro
,
and
at
Constantinople
with
the
Great
Turke
;
and
hauing
séene
his
court
he
passed
ouer
vnto
Venice
,
and
from
thence
into
Italie
,
France
,
Spaine
,
and
so
came
againe
to
Lisbon
.
So
that
he
and
Damian
de
Goes
were
in
our
time
the
most
noble
Portugals
,
that
had
discouered
and
séene
most
countreyes
and
realmes
of
their
owne
affections
.
In
the
same
yéere
1530.
little
more
or
lesse
,
Francis
Pisarro
,
which
had
béene
in
Spaine
to
obtaine
the
gouernment
of
Peru
,
turned
backe
againe
to
the
citie
of
Panama
with
all
things
that
he
desired
:
he
brought
with
him
fower
brethren
,
Ferdinand
,
Iohn
,
Gonzaluo
,
and
Francis
Martines
de
Alcantara
:
They
were
not
well
receiued
by
Diego
de
Almagro
,
and
his
friends
;
for
that
Pisarro
had
not
so
much
commended
him
to
the
Emperour
as
he
looked
for
,
but
omitted
the
discouerie
,
wherein
he
had
lost
one
of
his
eies
,
and
spent
much
:
yet
in
the
end
they
agreed
,
and
Diegro
de
Almagro
gaue
vnto
Pisarro
700.
pezoes
of
golde
,
victuailes
and
munition
,
wherewith
he
prepared
himselfe
the
better
for
his
iourney
.
Not
long
after
this
agréement
Francis
Pisarro
and
his
brethren
went
in
two
ships
with
the
most
of
their
soldiers
and
horses
;
but
he
could
not
arriue
at
Tumbez
as
he
was
minded
,
and
so
they
went
on
land
in
the
riuer
of
Peru
;
and
went
along
the
coast
with
great
paines
,
because
there
were
many
b●gs
and
riuers
in
their
way
,
wherein
some
of
his
men
were
drowned
:
They
came
to
the
towne
of
Coaché
,
where
they
rested
,
Diego
de
Almagro
twentie
thousand
pezoes
of
gold
to
send
him
men
,
horses
,
munition
,
and
victuailes
;
and
so
he
went
on
his
iourney
to
the
hauen
named
Porto
Viejo
:
and
thither
came
vnto
him
one
Sebastian
de
Benalcazar
,
with
all
such
things
as
had
sent
for
,
which
pleased
and
pleasured
him
very
much
.
In
the
yéere
1531.
he
hauing
this
aide
,
Saint
Michael
of
Tangarara
,
which
was
the
first
towne
inhabited
by
Christians
in
those
partes
;
whereof
Sebastian
de
Benalcazar
was
appointed
captaine
.
In
this
same
yéere
1531.
there
went
one
Diego
de
Ordas
to
be
gouernour
in
the
riuer
of
Maragnon
,
Hierome
Artal
with
130.
soldiers
,
Saint
Michael
de
Neueri
,
and
other
places
in
Paria
.
Also
there
went
vnto
this
riuer
Maragnon
a
Portugall
gentleman
named
Aries
Dacugna
,
and
he
had
with
him
ten
ships
,
nine
hundred
Portugals
,
and
130.
horses
.
He
spent
much
,
but
he
that
lost
most
was
one
Iohn
de
Barros
.
In
the
yéere
1531.
one
Nunnez
de
Gusman
went
from
the
citie
of
Mexico
towards
the
northwest
to
discouer
and
conquer
the
countreies
of
Xalisco
,
Ceintiliquipac
,
Ciametlan
,
Toualla
,
Cnixco
,
Ciamolla
,
Culhuacan
,
and
other
places
.
And
to
doe
this
he
caried
with
him
250.
horses
,
and
fiue
hundred
soldiers
.
He
went
through
the
countrey
of
Mechuacan
,
where
he
had
much
gold
,
ten
thousand
marks
of
siluer
,
and
6000.
Indians
to
carrie
burdens
.
Xalisco
Nueua
Galicia
,
because
it
is
a
ragged
countrey
,
and
the
people
strong
.
He
builded
a
citie
which
he
called
Compostella
,
de
Santo
Espirito
,
de
la
Conception
,
de
San
Miguel
standing
in
24.
degrées
of
northerly
latitude
.
In
the
yéere
1532.
Ferdinando
Cortes
sent
one
Diego
Hurtado
de
Mendoça
vnto
Acapulco
70.
leagues
from
Mexico
,
Nunnez
de
Gusman
caused
him
to
be
resisted
,
and
so
he
went
forward
:
but
some
of
his
men
mutined
against
him
,
and
he
put
them
all
into
one
of
the
ships
,
and
sent
them
backe
into
New
Spaine
.
They
wanted
water
,
and
going
to
take
some
in
the
bay
of
the
Vanderas
,
the
Indians
killed
them
.
But
Diego
Hurtado
sailed
200.
leagues
along
the
coast
,
yet
did
nothing
woorth
the
writing
.
In
the
yéere
1533.
Francis
Pisarro
went
from
the
citie
of
Tumbes
to
Caxamalca
,
Peter
de
Varco
,
and
Ferdinando
de
Sotto
,
who
discouered
that
iourney
being
200.
leagues
all
causies
of
stone
,
and
bridges
was
made
of
it
,
and
from
one
iourney
to
another
,
lodgings
made
for
the
Yngas
:
for
so
they
call
their
kings
.
Their
armies
are
very
great
and
monstrous
.
For
they
bring
aboue
an
hundred
thousand
fighting
men
to
the
field
.
They
lodge
vpon
these
causies
;
and
haue
there
prouision
sufficient
and
necessarie
,
after
the
vse
and
custome
of
Chi●●●
,
as
it
is
said
.
Ferdinando
Pisarro
with
some
horsemen
went
vnto
Paciacama
100.
leagues
from
Caxamalca
,
and
discouered
that
prouince
:
And
comming
backe
he
vnderstood
how
Guascar
brother
to
Attabalipa
was
by
his
commandement
killed
,
In
the
yéere
1534.
Francis
Pisarro
séeing
that
the
two
kings
were
goue
,
began
to
enlarge
himselfe
in
his
signiories
,
and
to
build
cities
,
forts
,
and
townes
to
haue
them
more
in
subiection
.
Sebastian
de
Banalcazar
the
captaine
of
S.
Michael
of
Tangarara
against
Ruminaguy
vnto
Quito
.
He
had
with
him
two
hundred
footemen
and
80.
horsemen
:
He
went
discouering
and
conquering
120.
leagues
from
the
one
citie
to
the
other
east
not
farre
from
the
Equinoctiall
line
:
Peter
Aluarado
found
mountaines
full
of
snow
,
S.
Francis
.
In
this
countrey
there
is
plentie
of
wheate
,
barlie
,
cattell
and
plants
of
Spaine
,
In
this
same
yéere
1534.
a
Briton
called
Iaques
Cartier
with
thrée
ships
went
to
the
land
of
Corterealis
,
and
the
Bay
of
Sain●
Laurence
,
Golfo
Quadrato
,
and
fell
in
48.
degrées
and
an
halfe
towards
the
north
;
and
so
he
sailed
till
he
came
vnto
51.
degrees
hoping
to
haue
passed
that
way
to
China
,
and
to
bring
thence
drugs
and
other
marchandise
into
France
.
The
next
yéere
after
he
made
another
voiage
into
those
partes
,
and
found
the
countrey
abounding
with
victuailes
,
houses
and
good
habitations
,
with
many
and
great
riuers
.
He
sailed
in
one
riuer
toward
the
southwest
300.
leagues
,
and
named
the
countrey
thereabout
Noua
Francia
:
at
length
finding
the
water
fresh
he
perceiued
he
could
not
passe
through
to
the
South
sea
,
and
hauing
wintered
in
those
parts
,
the
next
yéere
following
he
returned
into
France
.
In
the
yéere
1535.
or
in
the
beginning
of
the
yéere
1536.
Antonie
de
Mendoça
came
vnto
the
citie
of
Mexico
as
Viceroy
of
New
Spaine
.
In
the
meane
while
Cortes
was
gone
for
more
men
to
continue
his
discouerie
,
which
immediately
he
set
in
hand
sending
foorth
two
ships
from
Tecoantepec
which
he
had
made
readie
.
There
went
as
captaines
in
them
Fernando
de
Grijalua
,
and
Diego
Bezerra
de
Mendoça
,
and
for
pilots
there
went
a
Portugal
named
Acosta
,
and
the
other
Fortunio
Ximenez
a
Biscaine
.
The
first
night
they
deuided
themselues
.
Fortunio
Ximenez
killed
his
captaine
Bezerra
and
hurt
many
of
his
confederacie
:
and
then
he
went
on
land
to
take
water
and
wood
in
the
Bay
of
Santa
Cruz
,
Nunnes
de
Gusman
that
they
had
found
tokens
of
pearles
:
he
went
into
the
ship
,
and
so
went
to
séeke
the
pearles
,
he
discouered
along
the
coast
aboue
150.
leagues
.
They
said
that
Ferdinando
de
Grijalua
sailed
thrée
hundred
leagues
from
Tecoantepec
without
seeing
any
land
,
Saint
Thomas
,
because
he
came
vnto
it
on
that
Saints
day
:
it
standeth
in
20.
degrées
of
latitude
.
In
this
yéere
1535.
Pisarro
builded
the
citie
de
los
Reyes
vpon
the
riuer
of
Lima.
Saint
Iago
in
Porto
Viejo
:
In
the
same
yéere
1535.
one
Diego
de
Almagro
went
from
the
citie
of
Culco
to
the
prouinces
of
Arequipa
and
Chili
,
Ferdinando
Pilarro
came
out
of
Spaine
to
the
citie
de
los
Reyes
,
and
brought
with
him
the
title
of
Marquisate
of
Atanillos
for
his
brother
Francis
Pisarro
,
&
vnto
Diego
de
Almagro
he
brought
the
gouernment
of
100.
leagues
ouer
and
besides
that
which
was
discouered
,
The
New
kingdome
of
Toledo
.
Ferdinando
Pilarro
went
straight
to
the
citie
of
Cusco
:
and
one
Iohn
de
Rada
went
to
Almagro
into
Chili
with
the
Emperours
patents
.
Diego
de
Almagro
hauing
receiued
the
letters
patents
which
the
Emperour
had
sent
him
,
In
this
same
yéere
1535.
Nunnez
Dacun̄a
being
gouernour
of
India
,
Vasques
Perez
de
San
Paio
:
also
he
sent
another
armie
against
Badu
the
king
of
Cambaia
,
Quintus
Curtius
writeth
of
it
,
when
Alexander
came
thither
.
In
this
yeere
1535.
one
Simon
de
Alcazaua
went
from
Siuill
with
two
ships
and
240.
New
Spaine
,
others
that
they
went
to
Maluco
,
but
others
also
say
to
China
;
where
they
had
béene
with
Ferdinando
Perez
de
Andrada
.
Howsoeuer
it
was
,
they
went
first
vnto
the
Canaries
,
and
from
thence
to
the
streight
of
Magelan
,
without
touching
at
the
land
of
Brasill
or
any
part
at
all
of
that
coast
.
They
entred
into
the
streight
in
the
moneth
of
December
with
contrarie
windes
and
cold
weather
.
The
soldiers
would
ha●●
had
him
turne
backe
againe
,
but
he
would
not
.
He
went
into
an
hauen
on
the
South
side
in
53.
degrées
:
There
the
captaine
Simon
of
Alcazaua
commanded
Roderigo
de
Isla
with
60.
Spanyards
to
goe
and
discouer
land
:
but
they
rose
vp
against
him
and
killed
him
,
and
appointed
such
captaines
and
officers
as
pleased
them
,
and
returned
.
Comming
thwart
of
Brasil
they
lost
one
of
their
ships
vpon
the
coast
,
and
the
Spanyards
that
escaped
drowning
were
eaten
by
the
Sauages
.
The
other
ship
went
to
Saint
Iago
in
Hispaniola
,
and
from
thence
to
Siuill
in
Spaine
.
In
this
same
yéere
1535.
Pedro
de
Mendoça
went
from
Cadiz
towards
the
riuer
of
Plate
with
twelue
ships
,
and
had
with
him
two
thousand
men
:
which
was
the
greatest
number
of
ships
and
men
,
that
euer
any
captaine
carried
into
the
Indies
.
He
died
by
the
way
returning
homewards
.
The
most
part
of
his
men
remained
in
that
riuer
,
and
builded
a
great
towne
containing
now
two
thousand
houses
,
wherein
great
store
of
Indians
dwell
with
the
Spanyards
.
They
discouered
and
conquered
the
countrey
till
they
came
to
the
mines
of
Potossi
and
to
the
towne
La
Plata
,
In
the
yéere
1536.
Cortes
vnderstanding
that
his
ship
wherein
Fortunio
Ximenez
was
pilote
was
seased
on
by
Nunnez
de
Guzman
,
Andrew
de
Tapia
.
Saint
Philip
,
and
an
Island
that
lieth
fast
by
it
he
called
Sant
Iago
.
Within
three
daies
after
he
came
into
the
bay
where
the
pilot
Fortunio
Ximenez
was
killed
,
La
plaia
de
Santa
Cruz
,
where
he
went
on
land
,
and
commanded
Andrew
de
Tapia
to
discouer
,
Cortes
tooke
shipping
againe
and
came
to
the
riuer
now
called
Rio
de
San
Pedro
y
San
Paulo
,
de
Santa
Cruz
,
Cortes
long
expected
his
two
ships
that
he
wanted
:
but
they
not
comming
he
hoised
saile
&
entred
into
the
Gulfe
now
called
Mar
de
Cortes
,
Mar
Vermejo
,
or
the
Gulfe
of
California
,
and
shot
himselfe
50.
leagues
within
it
:
where
he
espied
a
ship
at
anker
&
sailing
towards
her
he
had
béene
lost
,
if
that
ship
had
not
succored
him
.
Santa
Cruz
,
where
hée
heard
that
Don
Antonio
de
Mendoça
was
come
out
of
Spaine
to
be
Viceroy
.
He
therefore
left
to
be
captaine
of
his
men
one
Francis
de
Vlloa
,
to
send
him
certaine
ships
to
discouer
that
coast
.
While
he
was
at
Acapulco
messengers
came
vnto
him
from
Don
Antonio
de
Mendoça
the
Viceroy
,
to
certifie
him
of
his
arriuall
:
and
also
he
sent
him
the
coppie
of
a
letter
,
wherein
Francis
Pisarro
wrote
,
that
Mango
Ynga
was
risen
against
him
,
and
was
come
to
the
citie
of
Cusco
with
an
hundred
thousand
fighting
men
,
and
that
they
had
killed
his
brother
Iohn
Pisarro
,
and
aboue
400.
Spaniards
and
200.
horses
,
and
he
himselfe
was
in
danger
,
so
that
he
demanded
succour
and
aide
.
Cortes
being
informed
of
the
state
of
Pisarro
,
and
of
the
arriuall
of
Don
Antonio
de
Mendoça
,
because
he
would
not
as
yet
be
at
obedience
;
First
he
determined
to
sende
to
Maluco
to
discouer
that
way
a
long
vnder
the
Equinoctial
line
,
because
The
Islands
of
Cloues
stand
vnder
that
paralele
:
And
for
that
purpose
he
prepared
2.
ships
with
prouision
,
victuals
&
men
,
besides
all
other
things
necessarie
.
He
gaue
the
charge
of
one
of
these
ships
to
Ferdinando
de
Grijalua
,
and
of
the
other
vnto
one
Aluarado
a
Gentleman
.
They
went
first
to
Saint
Michael
de
Tangarara
in
Peru
to
succour
Francis
Pisarro
,
and
from
thence
to
Maluco
all
along
néere
the
line
as
they
were
commanded
.
And
it
is
declared
that
they
sailed
aboue
a
thousand
leagues
without
fight
of
land
,
on
she
one
side
nor
yet
on
the
other
of
the
Equinoctiall
.
And
in
two
degrées
toward
the
north
they
discouered
one
Island
named
Asea
,
Isla
de
los
Pescadores
.
Going
still
in
this
course
they
sawe
another
Island
called
Hayme
towards
the
south
,
The
people
of
all
these
Islands
are
blacke
,
and
haue
their
haire
frisled
,
From
these
Islands
they
came
vnto
others
named
the
Guelles
standing
one
degree
towards
the
north
,
Antonie
Galuano
is
,
and
we
will
receiue
you
with
a
good
will
:
for
they
would
not
suffer
them
to
come
on
land
without
his
licence
:
for
he
was
factor
of
the
countrey
,
as
they
named
him
.
A
thing
woorthie
to
be
noted
,
that
those
of
the
countrey
were
so
affectioned
to
the
Portugals
,
In
the
yéere
1537.
the
licenciate
Iohn
de
Vadillo
gouernour
of
Cartagena
,
Saint
Sebastian
de
buena
Vista
,
being
in
the
gulfe
of
Vraba
,
and
from
thence
to
Rio
verde
,
&
from
thence
by
land
without
knowing
any
way
,
nor
yet
hauing
any
carriages
,
they
went
to
the
end
of
the
countrey
of
Peru
,
and
to
the
towne
La
plata
,
Villa
de
la
Plata
,
In
the
yéere
1538.
there
went
out
of
Mexico
certaine
friers
of
the
order
of
Saint
Francis
towards
the
north
to
preach
to
the
Indians
the
Catholicke
faith
.
Marke
de
Nizza
,
don
Antonio
de
Mendoça
,
and
Cortes
,
determined
to
send
a
power
thither
.
But
when
they
could
not
agrée
thereupon
Cortes
went
ouer
into
Spaine
in
the
yéere
1540.
where
afterward
he
died
.
In
this
yéere
1538.
began
the
ciuil
warre
betweene
Pisarro
and
Alonagro
,
wherein
at
the
last
Alinagro
was
taken
and
beheaded
.
In
the
same
yéere
1538.
Antonie
Galuano
being
chiefe
captaine
in
the
isles
of
Maluco
sent
a
ship
towards
the
north
,
Francis
de
Castro
was
captaine
,
Celebes
,
Macasares
,
Amboynos
,
Moros
,
Moratax
,
and
diuers
other
places
,
When
Francis
de
Gastro
arriued
at
the
Island
of
Mindanao
,
sixe
kings
receiued
the
water
of
Baptisme
,
with
their
wiues
,
children
and
subiects
:
and
the
most
of
them
Antonie
Galuano
gaue
commandement
to
be
called
by
the
name
of
Iohn
,
in
remembrance
that
king
Iohn
the
third
raigned
then
in
Portugall
.
The
Portugals
and
Spaniards
which
haue
béene
in
these
Islands
affirme
,
that
there
be
certaine
hogs
in
them
,
which
besides
the
téeth
which
they
haue
in
their
mouthes
,
haue
other
two
growing
out
of
their
snouts
,
and
as
many
behinde
their
eares
of
a
large
span
and
an
halfe
in
length
.
Likewise
they
say
there
is
a
tree
,
the
one
halfe
whereof
,
which
standeth
towards
the
east
is
a
good
medicine
against
all
poyson
,
&
the
other
side
of
the
trée
which
standeth
toward
the
west
is
very
poison
;
and
the
fruite
on
that
side
is
like
a
bigge
pease
;
and
there
is
made
of
it
the
strongest
poyson
that
is
in
all
the
world
.
Also
they
report
that
there
is
there
another
trée
,
the
fruite
whereof
whosoeuer
doth
eate
,
shall
be
twelue
houres
besides
himselfe
,
and
when
he
commeth
againe
vnto
himselfe
he
shall
not
remember
what
he
did
in
the
time
of
his
madnes
.
Moreouer
there
are
certaine
crabs
of
the
land
,
whereof
whosoeuer
doth
eate
shall
be
a
certaine
space
out
of
his
wits
.
Likewise
the
countrey
people
declare
that
there
is
a
stone
in
these
Islands
whereon
whosoeuer
sitteth
shall
be
broken
in
his
bodie
.
It
is
farther
to
be
noted
,
that
the
people
of
these
Islands
do
gild
their
téeth
.
In
the
yéere
1539.
Cortes
sent
thrée
ships
with
Francis
Vlloa
to
discouer
the
coast
of
Coludean
northward
.
S.
Iago
de
buqna
sperança
,
and
entred
into
the
gulfe
that
Cortes
had
discouered
,
and
sailed
till
they
came
in
32.
degrées
,
which
is
almost
the
farthest
end
of
that
gulfe
,
which
place
they
named
Ancon
de
Sane
Andres
,
because
they
came
thither
on
that
saints
daie
:
Then
they
came
out
a
long
the
coast
on
the
other
side
,
From
Cabo
del
Enganno
to
another
cape
called
Cabo
de
Liampo
in
China
there
are
1000.
or
1200.
leagues
sayling
.
Also
there
be
there
certaine
small
birds
named
Vicmalim
.
Their
bill
is
small
and
long
.
They
liue
of
the
dewe
,
and
the
iuice
of
flowers
and
roses
.
Their
feathers
be
verie
small
and
of
diuers
colours
.
They
be
greatly
estéemed
to
worke
golde
with
.
They
die
or
sléepe
euerie
yéere
in
the
moneth
of
October
fitting
vpon
a
little
bough
in
a
warme
and
close
place
:
they
reuiue
or
wake
againe
in
the
moneth
of
Aprill
after
that
the
flowers
be
sprung
,
Likewise
there
be
snakes
in
these
parts
,
which
sound
as
though
they
had
bels
when
they
créepe
.
There
be
other
which
engender
at
the
mouth
,
euen
as
they
report
of
the
viper
.
There
be
hogges
which
haue
a
nauell
on
the
ridge
of
their
backs
,
which
assoone
as
they
be
killed
and
cut
out
,
will
by
and
by
corrupt
and
stinke
.
Besides
these
there
be
certaine
fishes
which
make
a
noyse
like
vnto
hogs
,
In
the
yéere
1538.
and
1539.
after
that
Diego
de
Almagro
was
beheaded
,
Francis
Pisarro
was
not
idle
.
For
he
sent
straight
one
Peter
de
Baldiuia
with
a
good
companie
of
men
to
discouer
and
conquere
the
countrey
of
Chili
.
The
goldeu
heauen
.
But
as
yet
there
are
none
of
these
things
discouered
.
About
this
time
Gomez
de
Aluarado
went
to
conquer
the
prouince
of
Guanuco
:
and
Francis
de
Chauez
went
to
subdue
the
Conchincos
,
which
troubled
the
towne
of
Truxillo
,
and
the
countreyes
adioyning
.
Peter
de
Vergara
went
to
the
Bracamores
,
a
people
dwelling
toward
the
north
from
Quito
.
Iohn
Perez
de
Vergara
went
against
the
Ciaciapoians
:
Alfonsus
de
Mercadiglio
went
vnto
Mulubamba
.
Ferdinando
and
Gonzaluo
Pisarros
went
to
subdue
Collao
,
a
countrey
very
rich
in
gold
.
Peter
de
Candia
went
to
the
lower
part
of
Collao
.
Peranzures
also
went
to
conquer
the
said
countrey
.
And
thus
the
Spanyards
dispersed
themselues
,
and
conquered
aboue
seuen
hundred
leagues
of
countrey
in
a
very
short
space
,
though
not
without
great
trauailes
and
losse
of
men
.
The
countreyes
of
Brasill
and
Peru
stand
east
and
west
almost
800.
leagues
distant
.
The
néerest
is
from
the
Cape
of
Saint
Augustine
vnto
the
hauen
of
Truxillo
:
for
they
stand
both
almost
in
one
parallele
and
latitude
.
And
the
farthest
is
950.
leagues
,
reckoning
from
the
riuer
of
Peru
to
the
streits
of
Magellan
,
which
places
lie
directly
north
&
south
,
through
which
countrey
passe
certaine
mountaines
named
the
Andes
,
Atlanticke
Ocean
.
The
mountains
of
the
Andes
be
high
,
ragged
,
and
in
some
places
barren
without
trées
or
grasse
,
whereon
it
raineth
and
snoweth
most
commonly
.
Vpon
them
are
windes
and
sudden
blastes
;
there
is
likewise
such
scarcitie
of
wood
,
that
they
make
fire
of
turffes
,
S.
Francis
,
of
Plata
,
and
many
others
which
runne
through
the
countrey
of
Brasil
,
being
larger
then
those
of
Peru
,
or
those
of
Castilia
del
oro
.
There
grow
on
these
mountaines
many
turneps
,
rapes
,
and
other
such
like
rootes
and
herbes
.
One
there
is
like
vnto
Aipo
or
Rue
which
beareth
a
yellow
flower
,
and
healeth
all
kinde
of
rotten
sores
,
and
if
you
apply
it
vnto
whole
and
cleane
flesh
it
will
eate
it
vnto
the
bone
:
so
that
it
is
good
for
the
vnsound
and
naught
for
the
whole
.
They
say
there
be
in
these
mountains
tigers
,
lions
,
beares
,
woolues
,
wilde
cats
,
foxes
,
Dantes
,
Ounces
,
hogs
and
déere
:
birdes
as
well
rauenous
as
others
,
and
the
most
part
of
them
are
blacke
,
as
vnder
the
North
both
beasts
&
birdes
be
white
.
Also
there
be
great
&
terrible
snakes
which
destroied
a
whole
armie
of
the
Ingas
passing
that
way
,
yet
they
say
that
an
olde
woman
did
inchant
them
in
such
sort
that
they
became
so
gentle
,
that
a
man
might
sit
vpon
one
of
them
.
The
countrey
of
Peru
adioining
vnto
the
mountaines
of
Andes
westward
toward
the
sea
,
and
containing
15.
or
20.
leagues
in
bredth
is
all
of
very
hot
sand
,
yet
fresh
,
bringing
foorth
many
good
trées
and
fruites
because
it
is
well
watered
:
where
there
growe
abundance
of
flags
,
rushes
,
herbes
,
and
trées
so
slender
and
loose
,
that
laying
your
hands
vpon
them
the
leaues
will
fall
off
.
And
among
these
herbes
and
fresh
flowers
the
men
and
women
liue
and
abide
without
any
houses
or
bedding
,
euen
as
the
cattell
doe
in
the
fields
:
and
some
of
them
haue
tailes
.
They
be
grosse
,
and
weare
long
haire
.
They
haue
no
beards
,
yet
haue
they
diuers
languages
.
Those
which
liue
on
the
tops
of
these
mountains
of
Andes
betwéene
the
cold
and
the
heate
for
the
most
part
be
blinde
of
one
eie
,
and
some
altogether
blinde
,
and
scarce
you
shall
finde
two
men
of
them
together
,
but
one
of
them
is
halfe
blinde
.
Also
there
groweth
in
these
fields
,
notwithstanding
the
great
heate
of
the
sand
good
Maiz
,
and
Potatos
,
and
an
herbe
which
they
name
Coca
,
which
they
carrie
continually
in
their
mouthes
(
as
in
the
East
India
they
vse
another
herbe
named
Betele
)
which
also
(
they
say
)
satisfieth
both
hunger
and
thirst
.
Also
they
sow
much
cotton
wooll
,
which
of
nature
is
white
,
red
,
blacke
,
gréene
,
yellow
,
orange
tawnie
,
and
of
diuers
other
colours
.
Likewise
they
affirme
,
that
from
Tumbez
southward
it
doth
neither
raine
,
thunder
,
nor
lighten
,
for
the
space
of
fiue
hundred
leagues
of
land
:
but
at
some
times
there
falleth
some
little
shower
.
Also
it
is
reported
,
that
from
Tumbez
to
Chili
there
breede
no
peacocks
,
hennes
,
cocks
,
nor
eagles
,
falcons
,
haukes
,
kites
,
nor
any
other
kinde
of
rauening
fowles
,
and
yet
there
are
of
them
in
all
other
regions
and
countreies
:
but
there
are
many
duckes
;
géese
,
herous
,
pigeons
,
partriges
,
quailes
,
and
many
other
kindes
of
birdes
.
There
are
also
a
certaine
kinde
of
fowle
like
vnto
a
ducke
which
hath
no
wings
to
flie
withall
,
but
it
hath
fine
thinne
feathers
which
all
the
body
.
Likewise
there
are
bitters
that
make
war
with
the
seale
or
sea
wolfe
:
for
finding
them
out
of
the
water
they
will
labour
to
picke
out
their
eies
,
that
they
may
not
sée
to
get
to
the
water
againe
,
and
then
they
doe
kill
them
.
They
say
it
is
a
pleasant
sight
to
behold
the
fight
betwéene
the
said
bitters
and
seales
.
With
the
beards
of
these
seales
men
make
cleane
their
téeth
,
because
they
be
wholesome
for
the
toothach
.
There
are
certaine
beastes
which
those
of
the
countrey
call
Xacos
,
From
the
riuer
of
Plata
and
Lima
southward
there
bréede
no
crocodiles
nor
lizards
,
no
snakes
,
nor
any
kinde
of
venemous
vermine
,
but
great
store
of
good
fishes
bréede
in
those
riuers
.
On
the
coast
of
Saint
Michael
in
The
South
sea
there
are
many
rocks
of
salt
couered
with
egges
.
On
the
point
of
Saint
Helena
are
certaine
Well
springs
which
cast
foorth
a
liquor
,
that
serueth
in
stead
of
pitch
and
tarre
.
They
say
that
in
Chili
there
is
a
fountaine
,
the
water
whereof
will
conuert
wood
into
stone
.
In
the
hauen
of
Truxillo
there
is
a
lake
of
fresh
water
,
and
the
bottome
thereof
is
of
good
hard
salt
.
In
the
Andes
beyond
Xauxa
there
is
a
riuer
of
fresh
water
,
in
the
bottome
whereof
there
lieth
white
salt
.
Also
they
affirme
by
the
report
of
those
of
the
countrey
,
that
there
haue
dwelt
giants
in
Peru
,
of
whose
statures
they
found
in
Porto
viejo
,
and
in
the
hauen
of
Truxillo
,
bones
and
iawes
with
téeth
,
which
were
thrée
and
fower
fingers
long
.
In
the
yeere
1540.
the
captaine
Ferdinando
Alorchon
went
by
the
commandement
of
the
Viceroy
Don
Antonio
de
Mendoça
with
two
ships
to
discouer
the
bottome
of
the
gulfe
of
California
,
In
this
yeere
1540.
Gonsaluo
Pisarro
went
out
of
the
citie
of
Quito
to
discouer
the
countrey
of
Canell
or
Cinamome
,
a
thing
of
great
fame
in
that
countrey
.
He
had
with
him
two
hundred
Spanyards
horsemen
and
footemen
,
and
thrée
hundred
Indians
to
carrie
burthens
.
East
Indies
,
and
in
the
Islands
of
Iaoa
or
Iaua
.
From
hence
they
went
to
the
prouince
and
citie
of
Coca
,
Francis
de
Orellana
:
and
Gonsaluo
Pizarro
went
by
land
with
the
rest
of
the
companie
along
by
the
riuers
side
,
and
at
night
went
into
the
boates
,
and
they
trauailed
in
this
order
two
hundred
leagues
as
it
appeereth
.
When
Pizarro
came
to
the
place
where
he
thought
to
finde
the
brigandine
and
Canoas
,
and
could
haue
no
sight
of
them
nor
yet
heare
of
them
,
he
thought
himselfe
out
of
all
hope
,
because
he
was
in
a
strange
countrey
without
victuales
,
clothing
,
or
any
thing
else
:
wherefore
they
were
faine
to
eate
their
horses
,
yea
and
dogs
also
,
because
the
countrey
was
poore
and
barren
,
and
the
iourney
long
,
to
goe
to
Quito
.
Yet
notwithstanding
taking
a
good
hart
to
themselues
they
went
on
forwards
in
their
iourney
,
trauailing
continually
18.
monethes
and
it
is
reported
,
that
they
went
almost
5.
hundred
leagues
,
wherein
they
did
neither
sée
sunne
nor
any
thing
else
whereby
they
might
be
comforted
,
wherefore
of
two
hundred
men
which
went
foorth
at
the
first
,
there
returned
not
backe
past
ten
vnto
Quito
,
and
these
so
weake
,
ragged
,
and
disfigured
that
they
knew
them
not
.
Orellana
went
fiue
hundred
or
sixe
hundred
leagues
downe
the
riuer
,
séeing
diuers
countreyes
and
people
on
both
sides
thereof
,
among
whom
he
affirmed
some
to
be
Amazones
.
He
came
into
Castile
,
excusing
himselfe
,
that
the
water
and
streames
draue
him
downe
perforce
.
This
riuer
is
named
The
riuer
of
Orellana
,
In
the
yéere
1540.
Cortes
went
with
his
wife
into
Spaine
where
he
died
of
a
disease
seuen
yéeres
after
.
In
the
yéere
1541.
it
is
recorded
that
Don
Stephan
de
Gama
gouernour
of
India
sailed
toward
the
streit
of
Mecca
.
He
came
with
al
his
fléete
vnto
an
anker
in
the
Island
of
Maçua
,
Lopez
Suarez
gouernour
of
India
went
to
the
hauen
of
Iuda
,
and
the
hauen
of
Mecca
standing
on
the
coast
of
Arabia
in
23.
degrées
of
latitude
,
and
150.
leagues
from
the
mouth
of
the
streit
.
Don
Stephan
de
Gama
crossing
ouer
from
Cos●ir
to
the
citie
of
Toro
,
Iohn
Leo
writeth
in
the
very
end
of
his
Geographie
which
he
made
of
Africa
,
that
there
is
in
the
mountaines
of
Atlas
a
roote
called
Surnag
,
ouer
which
if
a
maid
chance
to
make
water
shée
shall
léese
her
virginitie
.
In
the
same
yéere
1541.
Don
Diego
de
Almagro
killed
the
Marques
Francis
Pizarro
,
and
his
brother
Francis
Martinez
of
Alcantara
in
the
citie
de
los
Reyes
,
otherwise
called
Lima
,
and
made
himselfe
gouernour
of
that
countrey
.
In
the
yéere
1540.
the
Viceroy
Don
Antony
de
Mendoza
sent
one
Francis
Vasquez
de
Coronado
by
land
vnto
the
prouince
of
Sibola
with
an
armie
of
Spaniards
and
Indians
.
Nueua
Granada
,
because
the
generall
himselfe
was
borne
in
Granada
.
The
soldiers
found
themselues
deceiued
by
the
words
of
the
Friers
,
which
had
béene
in
those
parts
before
;
and
because
they
woulde
not
returne
backe
to
Mexico
againe
with
emptie
hands
,
they
went
to
the
towne
of
Acuco
,
In
the
yéere
of
our
Lord
1542.
one
Diego
de
Freitas
being
in
the
realme
of
Siam
,
and
in
citie
of
Dodra
as
captaine
of
a
ship
,
there
fled
from
him
thrée
Portugals
in
a
Iunco
(
which
is
a
kind
of
ship
)
towards
China
.
Their
names
were
Antony
de
Mota
,
Francis
Zeimoro
,
and
Antony
Pexoto
,
directing
their
course
to
the
citie
of
Liampo
,
standing
in
30.
and
odde
degrées
of
latitude
.
There
fell
vpon
their
sterne
such
a
storme
,
that
it
set
them
off
the
land
,
and
in
fewe
daies
they
sawe
an
Island
towards
the
east
standing
in
32.
degrées
,
which
they
do
name
Iapan
,
Paulus
Venetus
maketh
mention
,
and
of
the
riches
thereof
.
And
this
Island
of
Iapan
hath
gold
,
siluer
,
and
other
riches
.
In
this
yéere
1542.
Don
Antonio
de
Mendoça
Viceroy
of
Nueua
Spagna
,
sent
his
captaines
and
pilots
to
discouer
the
coast
of
Cape
del
Enganno
,
where
a
fléete
of
Cortez
had
been
before
.
They
sailed
till
they
came
to
a
place
called
Sierras
Neuadas
,
or
The
snowie
mountaines
,
standing
in
40.
degrées
toward
the
north
,
where
they
saw
ships
with
merchandises
,
which
carried
on
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
the
images
of
certaine
birdes
called
Alcatra●zi
,
and
had
the
yards
of
their
sailes
gilded
,
and
their
prowesse
laid
ouer
with
siluer
.
In
the
same
yéere
1542.
Don
Antony
de
Mendoça
sent
vnto
the
Islands
of
Mindanao
a
fléete
of
sixe
ships
with
fower
hundred
soldiers
,
Rui
Lopez
de
villa
Lobos
,
All
Saints
éeue
,
and
shaped
their
course
towards
the
west
.
S.
Thomas
,
which
Hernando
de
Grijalua
had
discouered
,
and
beyond
in
17.
degrées
they
had
sight
of
another
Island
which
they
named
La
Nublada
,
Roca
partida
,
Diego
de
Roca
,
and
Gomez
de
Sequeira
,
and
Aluaro
de
Saauedra
had
discouered
,
Los
Reyes
,
because
they
came
vnto
them
on
Twelfe
day
.
And
beyond
them
they
found
other
Islands
in
10.
degrées
all
standing
round
,
and
in
the
midst
of
them
they
came
to
an
anker
,
where
they
tooke
fresh
water
and
wood
.
In
the
same
yéere
1542.
Don
Diego
de
Almagro
was
slaine
in
Peru
by
the
hands
of
one
Don
Vaca
de
Castro
.
In
the
yéere
1543.
in
Ianuarie
they
departed
from
the
foresaid
Islands
with
all
the
fléete
,
and
had
sight
of
certaine
Islands
,
out
of
which
there
came
vnto
them
men
in
a
certaine
kinde
of
boats
,
and
they
brought
in
their
hands
crosses
,
and
saluted
the
Spaniards
in
the
Spanish
toong
saying
,
Buenas
dias
,
Matelotes
,
that
is
to
say
,
Good
morrow
,
companions
;
whereat
the
Spaniards
much
marueiled
,
being
then
so
farre
out
of
Spaine
,
to
sée
the
men
of
that
countrey
with
crosses
,
and
to
be
saluted
by
them
in
the
Spanish
toong
,
and
they
séemed
in
their
behauiour
to
incline
somewhat
to
our
Catholique
faith
.
The
Spaniards
not
knowing
,
that
many
thereabout
had
béene
Christened
by
Francis
de
Castro
,
at
the
commandement
of
Antony
Galuano
,
some
of
them
named
these
Islands
,
Islas
de
las
cruzes
,
and
others
named
them
Islas
de
los
Matelotes
.
In
the
same
yéere
1543.
the
first
of
February
Rui
Lopez
had
sight
of
that
noble
Island
Mindanao
standing
in
9.
degrées
:
Antonie
Galuano
,
whom
they
had
in
great
estimation
,
and
there
were
fiue
or
sixe
kings
that
had
receiued
baptisme
,
who
by
no
meanes
would
incurre
his
displeasure
.
Rui
Lopez
perceiuing
this
,
and
hauing
a
contrary
winde
,
sailed
along
the
coast
to
finde
some
aide
;
In
the
same
yéere
1543.
and
in
the
moneth
of
August
the
generall
Rui
Lopez
sent
ane
Bartholmew
de
la
torre
in
a
smal
ship
into
new
Spaine
,
to
acquaint
the
vizeroy
don
Antonio
de
Mendoça
with
all
things
.
Siria
,
Gaonata
,
Bisaia
,
and
many
others
,
standing
in
11.
and
12.
degrées
towards
the
north
,
where
Magellan
had
béene
,
and
Francis
de
Castro
also
,
who
there
baptized
many
,
and
the
spaniards
called
them
the
Philippinas
in
memory
of
the
prince
of
Spaine
.
Las
dos
Hermanas
,
that
is
The
two
sisters
.
And
beyond
them
also
they
saw
4.
islands
more
,
los
Volcanes
.
The
second
of
October
they
had
sight
of
Farsana
,
Vasco
Nunez
de
Valboa
declareth
that
as
he
went
to
discouer
The
South
sea
,
in
a
certaine
land
named
Quareca
he
found
black
people
with
frizled
haire
,
whereas
there
were
neuer
any
other
found
either
in
Noua
Spagna
,
or
in
Castilia
del
Oro
,
or
in
Peru.
In
the
yéere
1544.
Don
Gutierre
de
Vargas
bishop
of
Placenza
sent
a
fléet
from
the
city
of
Siuil
vnto
the
streits
of
Magellan
:
Don
Antonie
de
Mendoça
his
cousin
.
Some
suspe●ed
that
they
went
to
Maluco
,
others
to
China
,
others
,
that
they
went
onely
to
discouer
the
land
betwixt
the
streite
and
the
land
of
Peru
on
the
other
side
of
Chili
,
because
it
was
reported
to
be
very
rich
in
gold
and
siluer
.
But
this
fléete
by
reason
of
contrary
windes
could
not
passeth●
streit
,
yet
one
small
barke
passed
the
same
,
and
sailed
along
the
coast
,
and
discouered
all
the
land
,
till
he
came
vnto
Chirimai
,
and
Arequipa
,
which
was
aboue
500.
leagues
,
for
the
rest
was
alreadie
discouered
by
Diego
de
Almagro
,
and
Francis
Pizarro
,
and
their
captaines
and
people
at
diuers
times
.
By
this
it
appéereth
,
that
from
The
streit
to
the
Equinoctial
line
on
both
sides
is
wholy
discouered
.
In
the
yéere
1545.
&
in
the
moneth
of
Ianuarie
Rui
Lopez
de
villa
Lobos
,
and
Giraldo
with
the
Castilians
came
to
the
Island
of
Moro
,
Antony
Galuano
was
gone
)
and
put
the
captaine
Don
George
de
Castro
to
great
trouble
,
In
the
same
yéere
1545.
Rui
Lopez
de
villa
Lobos
sent
from
the
Island
of
Tidore
another
ship
towards
New
Spaine
by
the
south
side
of
the
line
,
wherein
was
captaine
one
Inigo
Ortez
de
Rotha
,
and
for
pilot
one
Iaspar
Rico.
They
sailed
to
the
coast
of
Os
Papuas
,
Nueua
Guinea
.
For
the
memorie
of
Saauedra
as
then
was
almost
lost
,
as
all
things
else
do
fall
into
obliuion
,
which
are
not
recorded
,
and
illustrated
by
writing
.
In
this
yéere
1545.
and
in
the
moneth
of
Iune
,
there
went
a
Iunk
from
the
citie
of
Borneo
,
wherein
went
a
Portugall
called
Peter
Fidalgo
,
and
by
contrary
windes
he
was
driuen
towards
the
north
;
where
he
founde
an
Island
standing
in
9.
or
10.
degrées
,
that
stretched
it selfe
to
22.
degrées
of
latitude
,
In
the
yéere
1553.
there
went
out
of
England
certaine
shipping
,
and
as
it
appéered
they
sailed
northward
along
the
coast
of
Norway
and
Finmark
,
Now
I
gather
by
all
the
precedent
discoueries
,
that
the
whole
earth
is
in
circuite
360.
degrées
according
to
the
Geometrie
thereof
:
and
to
euery
degrée
the
ancient
writers
allow
17.
leagues
&
a
halfe
,
which
amount
vnto
6300.
leagues
yet
I
take
it
that
euerie
degrée
is
iust
17.
leagues
.
Howsoeuer
it
be
,
all
is
discouered
and
sailed
from
the
east
vnto
the
west
almost
euen
as
the
sunne
compasseth
it
:
but
from
the
south
to
the
north
there
is
great
difference
;
for
towardes
the
north
pole
there
is
found
discouered
no
more
then
77.
or
78.
degrées
,
which
come
to
1326.
leagues
:
and
towards
the
south
pole
there
is
discouered
from
the
Equinoctiall
to
52.
or
53.
degrées
,
that
is
,
to
the
streit
which
Magellan
passed
through
,
which
amounteth
to
about
900.
leagues
;
and
putting
both
these
saide
maine
sums
togither
,
they
amount
to
2226.
leagues
.
Now
take
so
many
out
of
6300.
leagues
,
there
remaineth
as
yet
vndiscouered
north
and
south
aboue
the
space
of
4000.
leagues
.
FINIS
.