THE
FIRST
BOOKE
OF
MILITARIE
DIRECTIONS
,
In
the
which
is
set
out
how
a
good
Souldiour
,
Disnier
,
and
Corporall
,
ought
to
behaue
themselues
in
warres
:
Togither
with
the
Martiall
Lawes
of
the
field
,
and
other
necessarie
Notes
and
Offices
,
And
first
what
is
to
be
required
,
and
necessarie
to
be
obserued
in
a
priuate
Souldier
.
THE
platforme
of
a
Fortresse
,
by
how
much
more
it
is
planted
vpon
a
sure
foundation
,
by
so
much
more
it
is
perticipant
of
a
firme
and
forceable
perfection
:
which
reason
duelie
considered
it
ought
to
lead
euery
man
so
to
rule
himselfe
in
all
his
affaires
,
as
he
may
be
both
apt
to
receiue
,
and
able
to
performe
all
vertuous
&
valerous
actions
.
Therfore
he
that
desires
to
become
a
Souldier
of
assured
good
quality
,
to
the
intent
he
may
be
able
to
perseuer
in
each
enterprise
,
beare
out
euery
brunt
stoutly
,
and
serue
sufficiently
,
he
ought
to
haue
a
strong
body
,
sound
,
free
from
sicknesse
,
&
of
a
good
complexion
:
So
shall
hee
bee
able
to
resist
the
continuall
to●…le
and
trauaile
,
which
of
necessitie
hee
must
dailie
take
,
as
continual
and
extreame
cold
in
the
winter
,
immoderate
heate
in
the
Sommer
,
in
marching
in
the
day
,
keeping
sentinell
in
the
night
,
and
in
his
cold
Cabben
,
in
secret
ambushes
,
and
in
Trenches
,
where
perchance
hee
shall
stand
a
number
of
houers
in
the
water
and
myre
vp
to
the
knees
:
and
besides
vpon
Bulwarkes
,
breaches
in
espials
,
i●…
Sentinels
,
perdues
,
and
such
like
,
when
occasion
requires
and
necessitie
constraines
:
of
all
which
exploits
and
discommodities
he
must
perforce
be
partaker
.
Wherefore
that
man
which
is
not
of
such
sufficiencie
in
bodie
(
to
the
end
h●…e
spende
not
his
time
in
vaine
)
it
is
verie
requisite
he
resolue
himselfe
to
exercise
some
other
profession
,
for
although
some
do
hold
that
few
men
be
strong
by
nature
,
but
many
by
exercise
and
industrie
:
yet
that
notwithstanding
strength
of
bodie
is
first
to
bee
required
,
in
respect
that
a
Souldier
must
be
as
well
acquainted
,
and
as
●…ble
to
beare
continual
trauail
,
as
a
Bird
can
endure
to
fl●…e
,
yea
and
to
put
on
a
resolute
minde
to
beare
all
the
miserics
and
ha●…ardes
of
warlike
affaires
.
A
Soldier
is
generally
i●…
be
chosen
betwixt
18.
and
4.
6.
yeares
.
Moreouer
I
suppose
it
most
necessarie
,
that
euerie
man
according
to
the
nature
of
his
bodie
,
and
the
inclined
motion
of
his
minde
,
make
election
of
his
Armes
and
weapons
,
as
of
pike
,
halberd
,
or
〈◊〉
:
neuerthelesse
respect
ought
to
be
had
to
the
p●…oportion
o●…
his
person
,
and
to
take
such
Armes
as
doth
best
agree
with
the
same
:
to
a
tall
man
a
Pike
,
to
a
〈◊〉
stature
a
halberd
,
and
to
a
litle
nimble
person
a
Pe●…ce
.
But
if
he
preferre
his
proper
disposition
before
the
qualitie
of
his
person
,
it
is
verie
necessarie
hee
exercise
that
weapon
he
makes
choise
of
,
to
the
intent
he
may
attaine
vnto
a
moste
perfect
practise
of
the
same
,
for
as
no
man
at
the
first
time
when
h●…e
takes
any
toole
or
inst●…ument
in
his
hand
,
growes
immediatly
at
that
instant
to
be
a
perfect
artificer
:
euen
so
it
is
with
a
Sou●…dier
,
〈◊〉
experience
hath
instructed
h●…m
:
touching
wh●…ch
I
meane
to
say
somewhat
.
Hee
which
seekes
to
attaine
and
attribute
to
himselfe
the
honourable
name
of
a
Souldier
,
must
first
employ
his
time
in
practise
of
those
Armes
wherewith
hee
meanes
to
serue
,
and
so
appl●…e
his
time
,
that
when
any
enterprise
shall
cast
him
foorth
to
make
proofe
thereof
,
hee
may
be
able
to
handle
his
Peece
with
due
dex●…eritie
,
and
his
pike
with
an
assured
〈◊〉
:
since
these
be
she
weapons
wherewith
now
Mars
doth
most
con●…
arm
his
warlike
troupe
,
and
trie
each
doubtfull
fight
of
bloudy
〈◊〉
for
in
this
our
age
experience
&
practise
makes
apparant
that
Archers
amongest
forr●…ine
Nations
be
neuer
vsed
,
and
the
Halberd
but
either
amongst
fewe
or
fewe
in
number
.
The
Archer
serues
to
small
purpose
,
but
when
he
is
shadowed
with
some
Trench
or
Bulwarke
free
from
Hargabuse
or
Mushet
shet
:
Or
that
lyning
a
band
of
Hargabusiers
,
he
doth
second
them
in
any
〈◊〉
onset
,
and
then
a
whole
flight
of
〈◊〉
,
so
that
they
be
light
and
able
to
flie
aboue
twelue
score
,
will
meru●…ilously
gaule
any
maine
battaile
of
footmen
or
Squadron
of
Horsmen
,
The
Halberd
likewise
doth
onely
serue
in
the
sacke
of
a
Towne
,
in
a
b●…rach
,
in
a
Sallie
or
Can●…isado
,
to
enter
a
house
,
or
in
the
throng
of
a
stroken
battade
to
execute
slaughter
.
Wherefore
touching
these
two
weapons
,
vnlesse
necessitie
constrame
,
and
that
Hargabusiers
be
wanting
,
Archers
may
well
be
spa●…ed
:
and
these
great
numbers
of
Halberdiers
and
Bill
men
,
which
are
and
haue
bin
in
times
past
vsed
in
England
,
may
well
be
left
off
,
saue
a
sew
to
guard
euery
Ensigne
,
and
to
attend
vppon
the
Colonell
,
or
〈◊〉
,
which
man
Army
will
amount●…d
a
〈◊〉
number
to
depresse
〈◊〉
ouercome
and
flying
enemy
.
Therefore
a
Souldier
must
either
〈◊〉
himselfe
to
beare
a
Peece
or
a
Pyke
:
〈◊〉
hee
bea●…e
a
Peece
,
th●…n
must
he
first
learne
to
hold
the
same
,
to
〈◊〉
h●…s
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
his
two
formost
fingers
and
his
th●…mbe
,
and
to
plant
the
great
〈◊〉
on
h●…s
breast
with
a
gallant
sou●…dierlike
grace
:
and
being
ignorant
,
to
the
int●…nt
he
may
be
more
encouraged
,
let
him
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
first
with
the
firing
of
〈◊〉
in
hys
pa●…
,
and
so
by
●…egrees
bo●…h
to
〈◊〉
off
,
to
bow
and
beare
v●…
hys
body
,
and
so
consiquently
to
attaine
to
the
leuell
and
practise
of
an
assured
and
serui●…eable
shot
,
readily
cha●…ge
and
with
a
〈◊〉
couch
discharge
,
making
cho●…se
at
the
●…ame
instant
of
his
marke
with
a
quicke
and
vigy●…ant
eye
.
Hys
Fiaske
and
Tutchbaxe
must
keepe
hys
Pouder
,
hys
purse
and
mouth
hys
bullets
:
in
skyrmysh
hys
left
hand
must
hold
hys
match
and
Peece
,
and
the
right
ha●…d
vse
the
office
of
chargyng
and
dischargyng
.
Beyng
agaynst
he
Enemy
,
why
left
with
an
〈◊〉
course
he●…
doth
trauerse
hys
p●…layne
ground
,
or
else
takes
aduantage
of
his
place
and
i●…uasion
,
as
vnder
the
safegard
of
a
Trench
,
the
backe
of
a
Dytch
,
olde
wall
,
tree
,
or
such
lyk
:
let
hym
euer
fyrst
loade
hys
Pe●…ce
wyth
Pouder
out
of
hys
Flaske
,
then
with
hyr
Bullet
,
&
last
wyth
amuring
,
and
tutch
Pouder
,
〈◊〉
euer
that
the
〈◊〉
be
el●…ane
,
the
couer
〈◊〉
,
and
the
Tutch
hole
wyde
,
or
else
wei
〈◊〉
:
so
that
still
obseruing
modest
order
t●…
h●…s
trauerse
,
neither
euerflow
,
nor
ouer
speedy
,
to
the
〈◊〉
he
become
not
each
mans
marke
through
his
stuggish●…es
,
nor
run
hi●…selfe
out
of
breath
through
his
owne
〈◊〉
,
for
the
most
parte
〈◊〉
hys
side
towards
hys
enemie
:
let
him
discharge
going
,
bu●…
▪
euer
standyng
:
so
shall
he
the
better
〈◊〉
the
enemies
shot
and
choose
his
assu●…ed
aduant●…ge
.
A
Souldier
ought
to
bee
carefull
that
his
furniture
be
good
,
substantia●…l
,
●…nd
〈◊〉
from
raine
,
the
charge
of
hys
Flaske
iust
for
his
Peece
,
and
the
Spring
quicke
and
sharpe
:
The
P●…pe
of
hys
Tuchboxe
somewhat
wyde
,
that
the
Pouder
may
haue
free
passage
,
which
otherwise
would
choake
vp
.
In
time
of
marching
and
trauailyng
by
the
way
let
hym
keepe
a
paper
in
the
pan
and
tutch
hoale
,
and
in
wet
waether
haue
a
case
for
hys
Peece
somewhat
portable
,
or
else
of
necessitie
hee
must
keepe
the
same
from
wette
vnder
hys
Arme-hoale
or
Cassocke
,
or
by
some
other
inuention
free
from
domage
of
the
weather
,
and
hys
match
in
hys
pocket
,
only
that
except
which
he
burnes
:
and
that
likewise
so
close
in
the
hollow
of
hys
hand
,
or
some
artificiall
pipe
of
Peuter
hanging
at
his
girdle
,
as
the
coale
by
wette
or
water
goe
not
out
.
It
is
moreouer
requisite
,
that
a
Souldier
keepe
his
Cocke
with
oyle
free
in
falling
,
and
hys
Peece
bright
without
rusting
,
neither
must
hee
want
hys
necessary
tooles
,
as
a
Scowrer
,
Tyrebale
&
worme
,
hauing
euery
one
a
vice
to
turne
into
the
ende
of
the
scouring
sticke
,
so
that
if
through
wet
wether
or
any
other
Accident
,
hys
peece
will
not
be
discharged
,
the
carefull
Souldier
may
with
his
Tyreball
pull
out
hys
bullet
,
with
the
worme
,
the
Paper
and
wet
Pouder
,
and
with
hys
Scowrer
make
hys
Peece
cleane
within
:
His
Scowrer
must
be
trimmed
on
the
end
with
a
Lynnen
cloth
of
a
sufficient
substance
,
therewith
to
make
cleane
the
cannon
of
hys
Peece
within
.
The
one
end
of
hys
Skouring
sticke
ought
to
haue
a
round
end
of
bone
of
iust
bignes
with
the
mouth
of
hys
Peece
,
therewithall
at
hys
pleasure
to
ramme
in
Pouder
&
Paper
,
or
in
stéed
of
paper
,
such
soft
hayre
as
they
stuffe
Saddles
withal
,
the
danger
whereof
is
not
lyke
:
but
this
the
Souldier
must
vse
when
time
permits
.
During
the
time
of
his
seruice
let
him
euer
haue
diligent
care
to
keepe
hys
Peece
cleane
and
bright
within
,
and
once
a
fortnight
,
or
at
the
least
once
a
moneth
take
out
the
Bréech
and
throughly
view
and
wash
the
Barrell
within
,
to
see
whether
it
hath
any
flawes
,
brackes
,
chambers
,
frettinges
,
or
ruptures
,
which
would
endanger
the
breaky●…g
thereof
,
especially
if
before
hand
the
end
of
hys
bare
Scowrer
haue
giuen
hym
any
cause
to
suspect
such
faultes
,
to
the
intent
he
may
change
the
same
for
a
new
for
feare
of
spoiling
himselfe
▪
He
that
loues
the
safety
of
hys
owne
person
,
and
delightes
in
the
goodnes
and
beauty
of
a
Peece
,
let
hym
alwayes
make
choyse
of
one
that
is
double
breeched
,
and
if
it
bee
possible
a
Myllan
Peece
,
for
they
bee
of
a
cough
and
perfecte
temper
,
light
,
square
,
bygge
of
Bréech
,
and
very
strong
where
the
Pouder
doth
lye
,
and
where
the
vyolent
force
of
the
fire
doth
consist
,
and
notwithstandyng
thynne
at
the
ende
.
Our
English
Peeces
approach
very
neere
vnto
them
in
goodnes
and
beauty
(
their
heauines
onely
excepted
)
so
that
they
bee
made
of
purpose
,
and
not
one
of
these
common
sale
Peeces
with
round
Barrels
,
wherevnto
a
beaten
Souldier
will
haue
great
respect
,
and
choose
rather
to
pay
double
money
for
a
good
Peece
,
then
to
spare
hys
Purse
and
endanger
hymselfe
.
But
to
returne
to
my
matter
,
let
a
Souldier
haue
hangyng
euer
at
the
strynges
of
hys
Tutch
boxe
,
or
some
other
ready
part
of
hys
garment
,
a
couple
of
proyning
pri●…es
at
the
least
,
that
if
by
fortune
the
tutch
hole
of
hys
peece
be
stopped
or
furred
vp
,
hee
may
therewith
both
make
his
pan
cleane
,
and
yeeld
a
ready
passage
that
the
fire
may
haue
her
course
,
by
incorporating
both
the
tutch
Pouder
without
,
and
the
corne
Pouder
within
together
.
But
a
ready
Souldier
will
alwayes
foresee
that
the
toutch-hole
be
so
wide
,
as
the
Pouder
without
in
the
Pan
may
haue
free
concourse
to
that
within
the
Peece
,
thereby
to
hasten
more
speedy
discharge
,
considering
a
Souldier
can
not
haue
leasure
and
commodity
to
proine
his
Peece
at
al
times
,
but
must
of
necessity
vse
a
great
dexterity
.
But
since
I
am
fallen
into
the
speech
of
a
quicke
charge
,
and
nimble
discharge
,
I
will
by
the
way
declare
the
opinion
of
certaine
Nations
therein
.
Experience
of
late
daies
hath
taught
vs
,
that
those
Nations
which
follow
the
warres
,
inuent
euerie
way
how
they
may
endomage
the
enemie
in
all
their
enterprises
,
but
especially
in
Skirmish
,
which
for
the
most
part
consistes
in
shot
,
and
by
such
as
can
with
the
eye
of
his
minde
make
an
assured
leuell
,
and
with
a
nimble
discharge
,
both
choose
out
and
kill
his
enemie
.
And
therefore
those
Souldiers
which
in
our
time
haue
bene
for
the
most
part
leuied
in
the
lowe
Countries
,
especiallie
those
of
Artoyes
and
Henault
,
called
by
the
generall
name
of
Wallownes
,
haue
vsed
to
hange
about
their
neckes
,
vppon
a
Baudricke
or
border
,
or
at
their
girdles
certaine
Pypes
which
they
call
Charges
,
of
Copper
and
Tyn
made
with
couers
,
which
they
thinke
in
skirmish
to
be
the
most
readiest
way
.
But
the
Spaniard
dispising
that
order
,
doth
altogether
vse
his
flaske
.
The
French
man
,
both
charge
and
flaske
.
But
some
of
our
English
nation
,
their
pocket
,
which
in
respect
of
the
danger
of
the
sparkes
of
their
Match
,
the
vncertaine
charge
,
the
expence
and
spoile
of
Pouder
,
the
discommodity
of
wette
,
I
account
more
apt
for
the
show
of
a
triumph
and
wanton
skirmish
before
Ladyes
and
Gentlewomen
,
then
fit
for
the
field
,
in
a
day
of
seruice
in
the
face
of
the
Enemye
:
and
in
like
sort
the
charge
which
either
doth
shed
and
loose
his
Pouder
whilest
a
Souldier
doth
trauerse
hys
ground
,
or
else
is
so
cloddered
and
rammed
together
,
that
he
shall
be
forced
sometimes
to
fayle
of
halfe
his
charge
.
Therefore
I
conclude
with
the
Spaniard
,
that
a
good
Flaske
is
that
which
is
most
warlike
and
ready
in
seruice
without
the
curious
helpe
of
any
extraordinary
〈◊〉
.
One
of
the
greatest
helpes
consistes
in
Pouder
&
match
:
For
a
Souldyer
must
euer
●…uye
hys
Pouder
sharpe
in
●…ast
,
wel
incorporate
with
salt
●…ceter
,
and
not
〈◊〉
of
Coale
dust
.
Let
hym
accustome
to
drye
hys
P●…der
if
hee
can
in
the
Sunne
,
first
sprinkled
euer
with
Aqua
vitae
,
o●…
strong
●…aret
Wine
&c.
Let
him
make
hys
Tutch
Pouder
,
beyng
finely
〈◊〉
and
〈◊〉
,
with
quicke
paie
,
which
is
to
be
bought
at
the
Pouder
makers
or
〈◊〉
,
〈◊〉
:
a●…d
let
his
match
be
so
boyled
in
Ashes
,
Lye
,
and
Pouder
,
that
it
will
both
burn
well
,
carry
a
long
Coale
,
and
that
wyll
not
breake
off
wyth
the
hard
tutch
of
your
finger
.
The
preparations
wyst
at
the
first
tutch
geue
fire
and
procure
a
violent
,
●…edy
,
and
thundering
d●…charge
.
Some
vse
Brimstone
finely
powdered
in
their
tutch
Pouder
,
but
that
●…urres
and
stoppes
vp
your
breech
and
tutchhoale
.
The
Bullet
of
a
Souldiers
peece
must
bee
of
a
iust
bignes
with
the
mouth
of
the
same
,
so
that
●…ng
in
smoothly
,
it
may
dry●…e
downe
,
and
close
vp
the
mouth
of
the
Pouder
.
Some
contrary
to
the
lawes
of
the
field
vse
Chayne
shot
,
and
quarter
shot
,
which
is
good
in
the
defence
of
a
breach
,
to
keep
a
Fortresse
,
or
vpon
●…pboard
:
but
being
dayly
vsed
,
it
wil
ga●…e
a
peece
within
,
a●…d
put
it
in
hazard
to
breake
,
specially
in
a
long
skirmish
when
the
Barrell
is
hot
.
Note
that
after
hys
peece
is
very
heat
,
let
the
Souldyer
if
he
can
,
geue
somewhat
a
lesse
charge
for
feare
of
bursting
his
peece
,
vnlesse
hee
haue
good
tryall
thereof
.
If
the
stocke
of
hys
Peece
bee
crooked
,
hee
ought
to
place
the
ende
iust
before
aboue
hys
left
Pappe
:
if
long
and
straight
,
as
the
Spanyardes
vse
them
,
then
vpon
the
point
of
his
ryght
shoulder
,
vsing
a
stately
vpright
pace
in
discharge
.
It
is
not
in
vayne
to
aduertise
him
,
that
in
skirmish
he
must
hold
his
Peece
betwixt
his
Thombe
and
the
ends
of
hys
Fyngers
,
which
I
account
asure
meane
,
betwyxt
gryping
of
the
Barrell
,
and
laying
the
same
onely
vpon
hys
formost
Fynger
and
Thombe
,
for
the
one
is
ou●…r
dangerous
,
and
the
other
altogether
vnsteedy
.
I
iudge
it
lykewyse
most
conuenyent
for
hym
,
to
take
hold
of
his
Peece
with
hys
left
hand
in
that
part
of
the
wood
(
wherein
the
Barrell
lyes
)
there
as
the
Peece
is
of
most
equall
balance
.
Althoughe
some
accustome
themselues
to
hold
it
iust
vnder
the
Cocke
,
by
reason
whereof
he
shall
bee
enforced
to
change
hys
hand
if
he
charge
out
of
a
Flaske
,
into
the
myddest
of
the
Peece
,
to
bring
downe
the
mouth
to
hys
Flaske
,
which
is
a
great
delay
and
hynderance
in
skyrmysh
.
So
to
con●…e
,
he
that
meanes
to
be
accompted
a
forward
and
perfect
good
●…hat
,
by
continuall
exercyse
must
bee
so
ready
,
that
in
all
particular
poyntes
touching
hys
Peece
,
Pouder
,
Match
,
Bullets
,
and
the
vse
of
them
,
that
he
neither
be
to
seeke
,
nor
grow
amased
in
the
furyous
rage
of
Bellmas
fiery
skyrmyshes
,
her
sodayne
surprises
,
and
bloody
staughter
of
dangerous
assaultes
of
crueil
battailes
.
The
Musket
is
to
be
vsed
in
all
respectes
lyke
vnto
the
Hargabuse
,
saue
that
in
respect
hee
carryes
a
double
Bullet
,
&
is
much
more
weighty
.
He
vseth
a
staffe
breast
high
,
in
the
one
end
a
Pyke
to
pytch
in
the
ground
,
and
in
the
other
an
Iron
forke
to
rest
hys
peece
vppon
,
and
a
hoale
a
litle
beneath
the
same
in
the
sta●…e
:
whervnto
he
doth
adde
a
string
,
which
tyed
&
wrapped
about
hys
wrest
,
yeelds
hym
commodity
to
tra●…
hys
Forke
or
Staffe
after
hym
whilest
he
in
skyrmish
doth
charge
hys
Musket
a
fresh
with
Pouder
and
Bullet
.
Now
to
speake
somewhat
of
a
Pykemans
charge
,
a
few
woordes
shall
suffice
,
because
I
wyll
not
be
ouer
t●…dyous
.
Let
hym
learne
to
tosse
hys
Pyke
,
●…ouch
and
crosse
the
same
,
to
receyue
the
vyolent
charge
of
Horsemen
,
to
front
the
su●…us
shocke
of
Footmen
,
and
be
able
to
furnysh
out
hys
ryght
both
a
farre
off
and
neere
hand
:
which
notes
with
the
lyke
wyll
bee
sufficient
,
by
reason
that
hee
is
for
the
most
part
put
to
stand
in
a
mayn
and
square
battayle
.
Both
the
Hargabusier
and
〈◊〉
must
weare
a
short
Ra●…er
and
a
small
Poin●…do
:
For
if
in
the
middest
of
Encounters
and
Skirmishes
,
they
be
driuen
to
vse
them
,
their
length
is
an
occasion
they
cannot
be
drawen
,
vnlesse
hee
abandon
his
Peece
or
Pike
,
whereby
hee
shall
either
loose
his
Pike
,
or
want
his
Rapier
,
which
at
the
Se●…a
and
Close
is
verie
necessarie
both
for
Defence
and
Offence
:
contrarie
to
the
carelesse
custome
of
some
,
whom
I
haue
seene
come
into
the
Field
without
Rapier
or
Dagger
,
which
was
an
assured
argument
,
that
their
heeles
should
be
their
Target
,
and
their
shamefull
st●…ght
their
saftie
,
when
their
Pouder
was
spent
.
Now
as
these
careles
persons
farre
misse
the
marke
with
ouer
great
securitie
,
so
some
bring
in
a
custome
of
too
much
curiositie
in
arming
Hargabusiers
,
for
besides
a
Peece
,
flask
,
Tutch
boxe
,
Rapier
and
Dagger
:
they
load
them
with
a
heauie
Shirt
of
Male
,
and
a
Burganet
:
so
that
by
that
time
they
haue
marched
in
the
heat
of
the
Sommer
or
deepe
of
the
Winter
ten
or
twelue
English
miles
,
they
are
more
apt
to
rest
,
than
readie
to
fight
,
whereby
it
comes
to
passe
that
either
the
enterprise
they
go
about
,
which
requires
celerity
,
shall
become
frustrate
by
reason
of
the
staie
they
make
in
refreshing
themselues
,
or
else
they
are
in
daunger
to
be
repulsed
for
want
of
lustines
,
breath
,
and
agilitie
.
Wherefore
in
mine
●…nion
it
is
not
necessarie
,
that
this
extraordinarie
arming
of
Shot
should
bee
vsed
,
but
in
surprises
of
Townes
,
Escalades
,
and
assaultes
of
breaches
,
to
defende
the
Souldiers
heades
from
stones
,
and
such
stuffe
as
they
besieged
haue
prepared
to
driue
them
from
their
enterprise
:
Or
else
in
some
speciall
set
battaile
against
the
cut
and
thrust
of
Weapons
,
which
exploits
,
for
that
they
bee
not
so
ordinarie
as
is
the
Skirmish
,
so
are
these
armes
nothing
so
necessarie
,
but
rather
a
burthen
more
beautifull
then
beneficiall
,
and
of
greater
charge
then
commoditie
,
specially
a
shirt
of
Male
,
which
is
very
dangerous
for
shot
,
if
a
number
of
those
small
peeces
should
be
driuen
into
a
mans
body
by
a
bullet
.
The
furniture
due
to
a
pikeman
besides
his
pike
,
rapier
and
dagger
,
consisting
of
a
common
Corselet
,
hauing
a
Coller
,
Curiat
,
Tases
,
backpart
,
Poldrowes
,
Wambrases
,
and
Burganets
for
the
head
,
for
that
they
be
sufficiently
knowne
,
because
I
will
not
be
ouer
prolixe
vpon
euery
particular
point
,
I
will
onelie
say
thus
much
more
touching
the
pikeman
,
that
he
ought
to
haue
his
Pyke
at
the
point
and
middest
trimmed
with
handsome
tassels
,
and
a
handle
,
not
so
much
for
ornament
as
to
defend
the
Souldiers
bodie
from
water
,
which
in
raine
doth
runne
downe
alongst
the
wood
.
Euerie
Souldier
ought
to
carrie
his
Hargabuse
,
Pike
or
Halberde
,
vppon
that
Shoulder
and
side
,
which
is
outward
in
rancke
,
for
that
side
which
is
discouered
inward
is
more
defended
by
the
general
order
that
is
kept
,
then
any
of
the
other
.
Which
order
of
carying
Armes
,
is
not
onely
ready
and
commodious
to
vse
at
all
occasions
,
but
also
doth
make
a
gallant
shew
,
and
a
generall
forme
of
good
proportion
,
and
true
prospect
:
a
thing
most
necessarie
for
a
man
of
valour
to
vse
in
all
his
doings
.
Hee
ought
likewise
euer
to
haue
good
regard
to
weare
his
weapon
of
like
length
the
other
Souldiers
vse
,
which
in
marching
doth
make
the
rancks
to
be
of
one
iust
line
,
and
in
shew
of
a
seemely
and
streight
proportion
,
causing
the
whole
band
to
carie
a
braue
and
singular
grace
.
A
Souldier
ought
euer
to
retaine
and
keepe
his
Armes
in
safetie
and
foorth
comming
,
for
hée
is
more
to
be
detested
then
a
Coward
,
that
will
loose
or
play
away
any
part
thereof
,
or
refuse
it
for
his
ease
,
or
to
auoid
paynes
:
wherefore
such
a
one
is
to
be
dismissed
with
punishment
,
or
made
some
abiect
Pyoner
.
Therefore
during
his
seruice
and
after
his
returne
home
,
let
him
still
be
wedded
to
his
weapons
and
armour
,
that
when
hee
is
called
vpon
againe
to
serue
his
Prince
,
he
be
not
enforced
to
furnish
himselfe
againe
with
new
Armes
,
sometimes
old
,
of
little
value
,
and
lesse
goodnes
:
as
some
Souldiers
now
a
dayes
to
their
great
discommendation
do
vse
.
A
custome
altogether
different
from
the
true
exercise
of
Armes
,
and
varying
from
the
rule
of
other
warlike
Nations
,
which
make
true
profession
of
Armes
:
amongst
the
which
the
Spaniards
and
Zuitzers
at
this
day
are
to
be
commended
,
the
one
for
obseruing
an
apt
,
sumptuous
,
and
warlike
choise
therein
,
and
the
other
for
that
they
beare
all
sortes
of
Armes
with
great
aduantage
,
both
in
length
&
strength
,
the
which
vnto
them
becomes
very
familiar
through
the
ability
of
body
they
possesse
.
Those
Souldiers
which
can
not
endure
the
toile
and
trauaile
to
beare
Armes
of
defence
,
namely
the
Pikeman
and
Halberdier
are
made
subiect
to
receiue
both
blowes
and
death
by
the
handes
of
their
Enemies
,
or
through
their
disaduantage
to
take
a
shamefull
flight
,
or
at
the
first
encounter
to
remaine
their
prisoners
.
Therefore
it
is
very
necessary
for
a
Souldier
to
take
paines
in
daily
practise
,
and
to
acquaint
himselfe
throughly
in
the
exercise
and
carryage
of
Armes
,
whereof
hee
ought
to
vse
practise
,
specially
of
those
that
bee
offensiue
,
and
in
those
which
ordinarily
wée
are
accustomed
to
carrie
,
as
the
Rapier
,
and
Dagger
,
Pyke
,
and
Halberd
,
with
such
like
,
without
making
open
and
apparant
profession
of
the
practise
thereof
,
but
secret
and
seuerall
from
the
wide
sight
of
the
world
,
that
afterwardes
hee
may
put
the
same
in
practise
to
his
greater
aduantage
and
commendation
.
Finally
the
Halberdier
,
who
is
armed
either
with
Brigandine
or
Corslet
,
ought
of
dutie
to
attend
with
his
Halberd
when
his
turne
comes
about
his
ensigne
,
in
marching
,
&
set
Squares
,
in
the
Captaines
Lodging
and
Tent
for
his
guard
,
and
at
the
entrance
of
a
house
&c.
to
bée
the
formost
person
to
force
the
passage
.
But
in
a
day
of
battaile
the
old
Romaine
Shield
and
a
short
sharpe
pointed
sword
,
to
execute
in
a
throng
of
men
,
excéedes
the
Halberd
and
browne
Bill
.
Besides
the
pikeman
which
is
armed
all
ouer
with
a
Corslet
,
and
is
to
performe
his
dutie
in
a
maine
Square
,
stand
o●…
Battaile
,
to
receiue
the
shocke
of
horse
men
,
or
charge
of
the
enemies
infanterie
.
There
bee
yet
another
sort
of
light
armed
Pikes
,
which
only
haue
the
forepart
of
a
Corslet
and
a
Headpéece
,
as
is
the
Almaine
Riuet
,
or
a
good
light
Iacke
,
or
plate
Coate
:
these
sometimes
may
be
sent
amongst
the
forlorne
hoope
of
Hargabusiers
,
to
defend
them
from
the
inuasions
of
Horsemen
.
But
touching
shot
,
I
would
wish
our
Nation
,
being
men
of
strong
constitution
of
bodie
,
to
beare
a
Peece
betwixt
the
boare
of
a
Caliuer
and
a
Musket
,
the
which
with
smal
vse
they
would
be
able
to
wéeld
very
well
at
the
armes
end
,
which
would
cary
a
great
aduantage
in
skirmish
:
the
which
like
vnto
the
Hargabuse
,
they
might
(
as
I
said
before
)
exercise
,
and
with
a
galant
and
assured
raising
vp
the
crooked
end
of
the
stocke
to
his
breast
,
hauing
before
hand
fitted
the
Coale
of
his
match
to
giue
quick
&
iust
fire
,
wherof
euer
he
must
take
the
certain
measure
,
must
then
discharge
amidst
his
modest
trauerse
,
to
his
greatest
aduantage
,
and
to
endomage
his
enemies
:
which
done
,
he
must
first
fold
vp
againe
the
●…lne
match
in
a
ready
and
conuenient
sort
betwixt
his
fingers
,
hauing
both
the
endes
of
his
match
light
at
once
,
that
whilest
the
one
is
spent
,
and
in
kindling
againe
,
the
other
may
serue
his
turne
.
Besides
these
foresaid
weapons
I
would
not
thinke
it
inconuenient
,
to
haue
in
a
band
certaine
Targets
of
proofe
to
march
in
the
front
,
which
were
very
necessarie
to
defend
a
ranck
of
men
in
a
streit
lane
,
passage
,
breach
,
or
other
place
from
the
enemies
shot
,
they
all
closely
and
in
a
low
order
marching
vnder
the
fauour
and
shade
of
them
:
as
in
askirmish
I
saw
put
in
practise
,
when
Cassimire
did
march
with
the
States
Armie
vnder
Louaine
▪
1578.
The
Captaine
is
to
set
downe
by
the
Generals
appointment
,
the
summe
of
all
their
paies
,
and
the
difference
therein
,
according
to
euery
mans
weapon
and
qualitie
.
But
to
speake
of
other
directions
,
and
Militarie
obseruations
.
A
Footman
that
is
a
Souldier
,
ought
aboue
all
thinges
to
bee
obedient
to
his
Captaine
,
and
Officers
,
and
neuer
abandon
his
Ensigne
,
nor
bee
absent
from
his
companie
without
leaue
or
speciall
let
.
In
his
march
he
ought
to
be
modest
,
ready
in
his
rancke
,
obserue
a
long
distance
in
his
Laumbande
,
and
kéepe
an
equall
stay
in
his
Alta.
If
wordes
of
aduertisement
do
passe
ouer
from
rancke
to
rancke
alongst
the
marching
band
,
let
him
deliuer
those
words
plainly
and
with
diligence
,
which
the
Captaine
giues
ouer
to
be
pronounced
from
mouth
to
mouth
,
as
to
Passe
Parole
appertaines
.
If
the
enemie
cause
sodaine
Arme
,
let
his
Bale
en
●…ouche
,
and
his
match
in
the
Cocke
shew
his
readie
good
will
either
to
receiue
repulse
,
or
giue
charge
.
If
either
for
pleasure
in
a
Muster
,
or
in
any
other
shew
in
sport
or
earnest
,
his
company
be
commaunded
to
discharge
certain
volies
of
shot
,
or
a
Salua
,
he
must
either
hold
his
Péece
sidelong
the
ranckes
,
whilest
he
doth
prepare
the
same
,
or
with
the
end
higher
then
their
heads
,
and
discharge
ouer
the
toppes
of
the
formost
ranckes
,
for
feare
of
hurting
his
companions
:
which
rule
they
ought
to
obserue
,
and
thereunto
be
constrained
,
vppon
paine
of
seuere
punishment
.
If
any
enterprise
be
made
in
the
night
,
let
him
not
only
keepe
his
match
close
from
open
shew
,
or
falling
sparkes
,
but
be
vigilant
and
keep
silence
,
to
the
intent
that
through
his
negligence
and
noise
their
actions
be
not
discouered
.
If
he
keepe
Sentinell
,
and
haue
the
watch
word
,
let
him
giue
●…are
diligently
to
all
rumours
,
noyses
,
and
view
warely
all
suspected
places
,
to
the
intent
if
he
heare
any
trampling
,
neying
of
Horses
,
or
approching
enemy
(
which
hee
may
the
more
easily
hear
by
making
a
hole
in
the
ground
,
and
laying
his
care
to
the
same
)
or
that
he
doth
see
the
twinckling
light
of
matches
▪
or
perceiue
any
other
presumption
of
the
enemie
,
hee
may
either
by
discharging
his
Péece
,
and
crying
S.
George
,
Arme
,
Arme
,
giue
warning
to
the
next
Corpes
of
guard
,
that
the
enemie
doth
approch
,
or
else
if
his
suddeine
inuasion
require
not
present
aduertisement
,
he
may
deferre
the
report
thereof
vntill
the
comming
of
the
next
Rounde
,
vnto
whom
he
must
from
point
to
point
declare
what
he
hath
séene
and
heard
.
During
the
time
of
his
Sentinel
,
hee
ought
to
keepe
him selfe
very
close
,
wakefull
,
secrete
,
and
without
noise
or
rumour
,
his
match
close
and
sure
from
seeing
,
and
his
péece
readie
charged
,
loaden
with
her
Bullet
,
and
proind
with
tutch
pouder
.
If
the
Round
or
any
other
Officer
come
to
search
the
watch
&
Sentinels
,
when
he
doth
first
heare
or
sée
them
approch
,
let
him
so
soone
as
he
doth
perceiue
them
,
demand
with
a
lowd
voice
,
Qui
vala
?
Who
goes
there
?
to
which
when
answere
is
made
,
Friends
,
and
that
they
draw
néerer
,
then
let
him
call
to
them
and
commaund
that
all
the
whole
troupe
,
but
onely
one
with
the
watchwoord
,
to
make
present
stay
,
vntill
the
woord
be
giuen
.
And
if
at
the
same
instant
another
Round
should
come
an
other
way
,
let
him
cause
the
one
of
them
to
pawse
and
abide
still
,
vntil
he
haue
receiued
the
woord
of
the
other
,
that
thereby
he
may
avoyd
the
inuironing
snares
of
forrayne
or
priuie
enemies
,
which
might
by
that
meanes
surprise
him
.
Therefore
in
this
respect
let
him
take
great
care
,
especially
before
a
Towne
besieged
,
or
about
the
circuit
of
a
Campe
,
and
that
he
alwayes
remember
to
receiue
him
that
giues
the
word
at
the
end
of
his
Péece
or
Pike
,
and
out
of
danger
,
hauing
his
match
ready
in
his
Cocke
,
ready
to
giue
fire
,
thereby
to
reward
him
with
a
Bullet
as
an
enemie
,
if
hee
giue
a
wrong
word
,
or
entertaine
him
as
a
friend
if
hée
giue
the
right
:
for
vnder
colour
of
giuing
the
word
,
many
Sentinels
haue
lost
their
liues
,
and
suddaine
surprises
and
Canuisados
haue
bin
giuen
.
If
in
the
night
Arme
be
giuen
in
the
Campe
,
he
must
make
repaire
immediatly
with
his
Peece
and
Furniture
so
his
Ensigne
,
where
he
shall
be
emploiedas
occasion
doth
offer
.
That
he
may
be
the
more
ready
at
any
sodaine
Arme
,
lying
in
a
Towne
in
Garrison
,
and
being
furrierd
and
lodged
in
a
house
,
hee
ought
to
haue
all
the
night
burning
in
his
Chamber
by
him
a
Candle
or
Lampe
,
or
at
the
least
his
fire
so
well
raked
vp
as
hee
may
light
a
Candle
at
the
Coales
with
a
match
of
Brimstone
,
or
otherwise
:
that
thereby
he
may
the
more
spéedily
not
only
find
his
Armes
(
which
of
purpose
he
ought
to
lay
readily
in
an
ordinarie
place
)
but
also
be
better
able
to
prepare
himselfe
,
and
kindle
his
match
with
all
spéede
.
Note
that
a
Souldier
in
garrison
being
furrierd
in
a
house
,
is
allowed
the
best
bed
and
chamber
saue
one
,
faire
shéets
,
board
clothes
,
plates
,
napkins
,
towels
,
dressing
of
his
meate
,
seruice
at
the
Table
,
oile
,
vineger
,
salt
,
mustard
,
candle
light
,
fire
,
&c.
Whilest
a
Souldier
is
in
the
Campe
,
hee
ought
neuer
to
lye
out
of
his
clothes
,
his
Peece
ready
charged
must
lye
by
his
side
,
his
furniture
at
his
girdle
,
which
is
his
Flaske
,
Match
&
Tutch-boxe
,
his
Rapier
very
ready
,
and
his
Poynado
likewise
at
his
Girdle
,
which
if
they
should
be
so
monstrous
Daggers
,
or
such
a
Cutlers
shop
as
our
English
Fensers
are
accustomed
to
wear
,
they
would
be
both
combrous
in
cariage
,
and
troublesome
to
his
companions
,
and
to
himselfe
,
specially
when
they
lye
in
their
Cabbines
.
A
Souldier
in
Campe
must
make
choise
of
two
,
or
thrée
,
or
more
Camerades
,
such
as
for
experience
,
fidelity
,
and
conditions
,
do
best
agrée
with
his
nature
,
that
be
tryed
Souldiers
and
trustie
friendes
,
to
the
intent
that
like
louing
brethren
,
they
may
support
one
another
in
all
aduerse
fortune
,
&
supply
each
others
wants
.
As
for
example
,
hauing
marched
all
day
,
and
comming
at
night
to
the
place
where
they
must
encampe
,
one
of
them
chooseth
out
the
dryest
and
warmest
plot
of
ground
he
can
get
in
the
quarter
,
which
is
appointed
to
his
band
for
lodging
place
,
doth
kéepe
all
their
Clokes
,
Armes
and
Baggage
,
whilest
another
makes
prouision
with
one
of
their
boyes
,
in
some
adioyning
Uillage
(
if
time
and
safety
from
the
Enemie
doth
permit
)
for
long
straw
,
both
to
couer
their
Cabbin
,
and
make
their
bedd
of
:
during
the
time
that
an
other
with
a
litle
Hatchet
,
which
with
a
Lether
Bottel
for
drinke
,
a
litle
Kettle
to
séeth
meat
in
,
and
a
bagge
of
Salt
,
which
are
to
be
borne
of
the
Boyes
amongest
other
Baggage
,
and
are
most
necessarie
things
for
encamping
,
doth
cut
downe
forked
Bowes
and
long
Poales
to
frame
and
reare
vp
their
Cabbin
withall
,
and
prouide
timber
or
firewood
,
if
it
be
in
Winter
,
or
when
neede
requires
,
whilst
an
other
doth
visite
Viuandiers
and
Uictualers
(
if
any
follow
the
Campe
)
for
bread
,
drinke
,
and
other
eates
,
if
otherwise
they
be
not
prouided
by
forrage
or
Picorée
,
and
makes
a
hole
in
the
earth
,
wherein
hauing
made
a
fire
,
stroken
two
forked
stakes
at
either
side
,
and
hanged
his
Kettle
to
seath
vpon
a
cudgel
of
wood
vpon
the
same
▪
or
that
for
rost
meat
he
makes
a
spit
,
woodden
Gawberds
,
&c.
And
whilst
thus
euery
one
is
occupied
about
their
necessarie
occasions
at
one
instant
,
they
may
in
due
time
make
prouision
for
all
their
wantes
,
and
by
meanes
of
this
league
of
amitie
amongst
them
,
enioy
a
sufficient
time
to
rest
their
wearied
bodyes
,
which
otherwise
would
be
hard
to
be
done
.
Therefore
I
iudge
it
very
requisite
,
that
the
whole
number
vnder
the
charge
of
a
Desiner
or
chiefe
of
a
chamber
,
should
link
themselues
together
in
perfect
friendship
,
and
aswel
in
skirmish
and
fight
aide
one
another
,
as
in
all
other
actions
,
by
which
inuincible
knot
they
should
receaue
wonderfull
commoditie
.
It
importes
much
that
a
Souldier
should
bee
tractable
,
for
a
man
cannot
imagine
a
thing
either
more
ingenuqus
or
better
,
then
due
and
conuenient
ciuility
.
Therefore
let
him
accustome
himselfe
rather
to
be
of
a
Saturnine
and
seuere
condition
then
a
common
skoffer
,
and
an
ordinarie
make
sport
,
that
he
may
continue
in
friendship
with
his
companions
,
and
continually
remaine
in
their
amity
.
Moreouer
,
he
is
much
to
be
commended
,
which
aptly
with
facilitie
and
great
dexterity
can
bee
conuersant
with
euery
one
:
wherein
if
a
man
doe
not
with
great
iudgement
very
circumspectly
gouerne
himselfe
,
he
shall
for
the
most
part
incurre
the
euill
will
of
those
in
whose
company
he
remaines
.
The
which
dealing
is
of
great
importance
,
aswell
for
the
interest
of
his
life
,
and
proper
honor
and
credite
,
by
which
meanes
the
one
and
the
other
doth
hang
in
Balance
,
as
also
for
that
he
can
not
,
being
drawen
away
with
debates
,
apply
himselfe
diligently
to
follow
the
warres
and
seruice
of
his
Captaine
:
the
which
ought
to
bee
his
chiefest
obiect
and
end
.
For
discord
amongst
men
of
this
Honorable
profession
,
doth
hasten
,
and
occasion
very
much
the
destruction
of
their
well
doing
,
and
altogether
hinder
whatsoeuer
they
take
in
hande
,
by
reason
of
the
suspicions
,
discordes
,
despite
,
and
other
respectes
,
which
of
necessity
are
commonly
accustomed
to
growe
and
ensue
.
Besides
,
he
must
be
so
moderate
in
spending
his
wages
,
that
●…e
be
not
constrained
before
the
midst
of
his
pay
,
either
to
folow
the
spoile
,
or
borrow
of
others
:
whereof
springeth
a
naughtie
reputation
and
a
great
discredite
:
yet
notwithstanding
he
must
not
suffer
himselfe
to
be
noted
for
a
couetous
person
,
or
as
some
say
,
the
enimie
of
himselfe
:
that
is
,
by
sparing
nigardly
,
to
finde
a
great
want
&
extremitie
in
necessarie
things
appertaining
to
his
apparell
and
victuals
,
whose
expences
ought
chiefely
to
be
in
galant
Armor
and
Furniture
.
Note
that
the
pay
and
wages
which
he
receiues
of
his
Captaine
and
Treasurer
,
must
not
be
taken
or
thought
to
serue
or
supplie
for
any
other
vse
,
but
to
sustaine
life
with
victuals
,
kéepe
him
apparelled
,
and
maintaine
his
armes
.
Therefore
ought
it
to
be
gouerned
discréetly
and
orderly
at
all
times
,
in
what
place
so
euer
he
shall
remaine
,
either
in
the
campe
,
ciuile
cities
,
or
in
his
proper
house
,
as
well
to
kéepe
himselfe
in
health
,
as
chiefely
to
make
apparant
to
his
Captain
the
noble
motion
of
his
mind
:
So
that
pricked
forward
by
this
spurre
of
honor
,
and
not
for
any
other
extraordinarie
and
base
occasion
,
a
good
souldier
is
continually
constrained
to
winne
credite
,
despising
all
other
dealing
which
ariseth
for
hope
of
commoditie
and
gréedy
gaine
,
the
way
to
make
a
man
estéemed
to
carrie
a
base
minde
,
and
almost
not
disagréeing
from
brute
beasts
without
reason
.
For
these
priuate
souldiers
which
séeke
by
such
meanes
as
be
extraordinarie
,
to
aduance
themselues
aboue
their
proper
pay
,
without
doubt
giue
an
euill
presage
of
themselues
,
and
so
euil
,
that
it
should
be
better
for
them
to
applie
their
time
in
some
other
sort
,
as
about
merchandise
and
other
occupations
,
rather
then
follow
the
honorable
exercise
of
Armes
,
which
is
altogither
grounded
vpon
a
noble
mind
,
valiant
courage
,
and
extreame
trauell
of
bodie
.
He
must
dispose
himselfe
to
be
verie
diligent
in
what
exercise
or
enterprise
soeuer
he
shall
be
put
vnto
,
as
to
make
Sentinel
:
wherein
it
is
conuenient
,
as
I
haue
touched
before
,
that
he
be
verie
vigilant
when
it
is
his
lot
to
be
commanded
thereunto
,
that
in
doing
the
contrarie
,
there
succéede
not
a
most
rigorous
chastisement
by
leauing
his
bodie
dead
behind
him
,
as
it
may
verie
well
fall
out
,
and
to
whom
it
may
be
said
,
I
left
him
as
I
found
him
,
since
sléepe
is
the
image
of
death
.
A
good
souldier
ought
continually
to
accompanie
the
Ensigne
,
and
haue
speciall
regard
,
that
the
same
fall
not
in
danger
of
surprising
by
the
enimie
,
and
that
he
endeuour
himselfe
by
all
meanes
without
anie
respect
of
danger
to
preserue
and
recouer
the
same
:
for
the
losse
thereof
is
a
perpetuall
shame
to
the
whole
band
.
And
therefore
he
ought
at
no
time
to
abandon
the
same
for
anie
occasion
,
but
lodge
himselfe
so
néere
it
as
he
can
,
to
the
intent
that
amongst
the
rest
,
if
it
be
possible
,
he
may
be
one
of
the
first
at
all
rumours
of
armes
,
and
sodaine
alarums
,
aswel
by
day
as
night
.
And
being
armed
with
the
weapon
he
caries
,
hauing
conducted
his
ensigne
to
the
place
appointed
,
by
the
head
officers
,
he
may
in
the
sight
of
his
captaine
(
shewing
a
moderate
forwardnesse
and
desire
)
bréed
an
opinion
of
his
courage
and
valor
:
so
that
when
occasion
doth
offer
,
his
captaine
amongst
the
rest
may
make
speciall
choyse
of
him
.
He
must
for
no
occasion
absent
himselfe
,
or
go
to
anie
far
distant
place
about
anie
enterprise
or
bootie
of
picorée
,
without
the
expresse
licence
of
his
captaine
:
for
he
that
is
once
become
a
souldier
is
now
no
more
his
own
man
,
but
his
vnder
whose
gouernment
he
is
paid
:
who
desiring
to
serue
his
turne
when
occasions
be
ministred
in
time
of
warres
,
not
hauing
his
valiant
and
best
souldiors
present
and
readie
about
him
,
shal
not
onely
be
made
frustrate
of
that
he
would
performe
,
but
sometimes
also
suffer
and
sustaine
damage
,
and
onely
in
respect
of
those
which
be
absent
abroad
at
their
owne
pleasure
,
contrarie
to
the
consent
and
knowledge
of
the
captaine
.
He
ought
sufficiently
to
eate
,
rest
,
and
sléep
,
whilest
time
doth
permit
,
to
the
end
he
be
not
called
for
vnprouided
,
and
that
he
may
the
more
readily
performe
all
enterprises
néedfull
,
without
anie
discommoditie
or
want
of
abilitie
,
which
commonly
do
fall
out
vnlooked
for
,
and
vpon
the
sodaine
,
for
in
ordinarie
and
accustomed
enterprises
,
it
is
an
easie
thing
to
find
euerie
souldier
prouided
,
but
in
sodaine
surprises
not
.
Besides
,
I
thinke
it
appertains
and
is
proper
to
a
good
souldior
,
to
follow
the
wars
so
long
as
he
possibly
can
,
for
the
increase
of
his
experience
.
But
being
constrained
to
returne
into
his
countrie
,
or
into
any
citie
,
fortresse
or
other
place
of
defence
,
by
reason
of
some
truce
,
seconded
by
peace
,
or
through
anie
other
accident
,
which
doth
constraine
him
to
abandon
the
warres
:
then
it
is
necessarie
he
fall
to
exercise
that
art
,
wherein
he
chiefly
hath
bene
brought
vp
,
either
in
merchandise
,
handicraft
,
or
husbandrie
,
or
else
whatsoeuer
,
thereby
to
supply
his
necessities
,
to
exercise
his
bodie
and
to
liue
honestly
:
and
by
that
meanes
flie
idlenesse
,
a
thing
most
incident
to
youth
:
who
being
altogither
ignorant
in
treading
the
steppes
of
a
stayed
life
(
through
the
small
experience
he
hath
of
the
world
,
which
by
tract
of
time
is
obtained
,
and
by
long
practise
,
specially
in
the
exercise
of
Armes
)
perswades
himselfe
he
shall
win
credite
and
commoditie
through
the
meanes
of
insolent
actions
,
which
altogither
ought
to
be
abhorred
:
through
rash
and
prodigall
brauerie
,
which
oftentimes
torments
innocent
families
and
poore
parentes
:
and
through
galant
garments
and
sumptuous
attyre
,
whereby
they
grow
banckrout
:
so
that
they
are
brought
in
time
(
being
intangled
in
those
swéete
traps
sauest
with
sharpe
showers
)
to
run
headlong
into
a
thousand
&
most
miserable
ruines
.
Therefore
good
souldiers
ought
specially
to
endeuour
themselues
by
some
commendable
industrie
,
to
gaine
the
good
grace
of
valorous
and
valiant
Captaines
,
and
mightie
Princes
,
the
true
possessors
and
fathers
of
warre
,
through
whose
authoritie
and
commendation
they
may
be
preferred
:
for
the
faith
and
assured
credite
of
all
warlike
and
worthy
souldiers
doth
depend
vpon
men
of
valor
,
and
not
of
the
weake
authoritie
,
small
valor
,
and
great
abuse
of
the
ignorant
&
common
people
,
called
the
beast
with
many
heads
.
Therefore
let
them
euer
obserue
the
honor
of
the
good
and
vertuous
:
for
since
that
in
time
of
warres
euerie
souldier
of
good
conditions
doth
sharpen
his
wit
,
&
willingly
aduenture
his
life
,
not
respecting
toyles
or
trauell
,
expences
or
danger
,
but
doth
imploy
his
industrie
to
preferre
his
princes
profite
,
by
great
reason
in
time
of
peace
he
ought
to
be
aduanced
and
maintained
by
them
:
and
much
the
more
for
himselfe
,
is
to
vse
all
his
indeuour
to
compasse
his
owne
commoditie
,
and
thereby
make
manifest
his
proper
vertue
,
the
which
doth
not
consist
in
outward
appearance
of
valour
and
discretion
:
but
in
the
true
action
thereof
,
agréeable
to
his
honorable
profession
.
A
souldier
must
apparell
himselfe
in
the
warres
with
cloth
of
fresh
coulour
,
profitable
and
commodious
:
amongst
the
rest
,
red
,
murrey
,
tauney
,
and
scarlet
makes
a
galant
shew
in
the
fielde
,
which
he
must
weare
to
honour
the
Militarie
profession
,
and
for
his
most
fit
and
apt
wearing
,
and
not
to
hinder
the
disposition
of
his
members
,
as
doth
our
great
bumbasted
and
bulstered
hoose
,
which
not
many
yeares
since
hath
béene
vsed
:
but
in
stéede
of
them
a
straite
brabantie
and
gascaine
is
to
be
we●…ne
,
togither
with
a
close
Cassocke
,
which
may
shield
both
his
〈◊〉
,
tuchboxe
,
his
match
and
péece
from
raine
if
néede
be
,
whereby
he
may
be
readie
to
execute
any
enterprise
he
is
commanded
to
performe
,
and
that
of
necessitie
he
ought
to
do
:
and
so
arme
himselfe
in
other
respectes
,
that
he
may
redily
do
any
seruice
he
is
assigned
vnto
.
He
must
be
willing
to
put
in
proofe
all
things
commanded
,
without
making
replie
,
or
denying
any
one
thing
,
or
deferring
●…
matter
from
one
time
to
another
,
either
for
feare
of
spoiling
or
spotting
his
apparel
in
foule
way
,
or
foule
weather
,
or
that
he
shal
not
be
able
to
inioy
commodious
lodging
,
store
of
victuals
,
&
such
other
respects
,
not
to
be
estéemed
of
,
but
worthy
great
reprehension
.
Therefore
it
is
requisite
he
practise
himselfe
first
of
all
to
be
a
perfect
priuate
souldier
,
before
he
be
drawne
to
the
desire
of
bearing
office
,
which
were
to
set
the
cart
before
the
horses
,
and
worke
by
contraries
:
For
first
we
must
learne
to
guid
,
and
then
is
it
lawfull
to
gouerne
.
But
it
is
no
new
thing
,
nor
to
be
maruelled
at
,
that
some
men
are
accustomed
to
obtaine
charges
by
vnlawfull
and
indirect
meanes
,
I
will
not
say
,
that
they
vse
them
accordingly
.
Therefore
to
merite
a
charge
,
it
is
alwayes
farre
more
excellent
and
more
conuenient
to
winne
them
by
desert
,
then
to
enter
thereinto
by
intrusion
:
for
those
that
doe
not
beg
them
do
feele
in
themselues
their
proper
sufficiencie
:
where
contrariwise
they
are
a
heauie
burthen
to
those
that
know
them
not
,
although
with
great
instance
they
haue
procured
&
sought
for
them
.
Which
want
and
vnwarie
dealing
in
this
our
age
,
peraduenture
procéeds
of
the
small
néede
the
world
séemes
to
haue
of
good
souldiers
at
this
day
,
and
of
the
little
experience
most
men
in
our
time
haue
of
the
art
of
warre
,
or
at
least
wise
our
superiours
are
blinded
with
the
sweete
baites
of
couetousnesse
,
chiefe
cause
of
such
elections
.
Yet
this
notwithstanding
we
ought
to
retaine
with
al
reuerence
,
the
honour
&
credite
due
to
an
expert
and
good
souldier
,
who
with
diligence
being
sought
for
&
selected
,
as
neere
as
is
possible
,
ought
to
haue
the
most
chosen
charges
,
and
expeditions
giuen
to
their
gouernment
.
To
the
end
those
affaires
may
fal
out
happily
,
to
the
honor
of
their
nation
&
profite
of
their
Prince
,
whilest
he
doth
follow
the
wars
,
or
is
in
Campe
:
let
him
carrie
as
little
baggage
with
him
as
is
possible
,
that
he
may
be
the
more
nimble
and
light
of
bodie
,
spéedie
in
his
iourney
or
marching
,
and
the
more
apt
for
all
enterprises
.
During
the
warres
(
or
else
not
)
he
ought
to
weare
in
some
conuenient
place
of
his
garments
,
that
is
most
apparant
to
the
view
of
the
band
,
a
token
,
red
crosse
,
or
scarfe
,
whereby
in
skirmishes
and
other
attemps
he
is
to
be
knowne
of
what
part
he
is
.
The
Emperials
vse
a
red
scarfe
,
Englishmen
saint
Georges
crosse
,
the
French
the
white
crosse
,
〈◊〉
.
or
such
a
signe
as
the
Generall
of
the
fielde
shall
make
choice
of
,
which
he
ought
to
doe
willingly
,
thereby
to
remoue
suspition
out
of
the
mind
of
his
Captaine
and
Chieftaines
,
that
they
néede
not
to
stand
in
doubt
of
him
:
and
for
diuers
other
worthie
respects
,
since
that
by
these
and
like
manifest
meanes
,
the
souldier
shewes
inward
faith
&
loyaltie
to
the
officers
and
Captaines
which
gouerne
.
But
if
otherwise
they
carrie
the
said
token
and
marke
loose
at
their
necke
,
brest
,
armes
,
or
any
other
place
,
it
giues
matter
and
occasion
of
doubt
touching
their
sidelitie
:
specially
being
but
newly
entertained
,
since
that
not
being
made
fast
,
they
may
easily
cast
away
or
hide
the
same
in
time
of
perill
or
doubtfull
fight
:
which
suspicion
ought
diligently
to
be
remoued
by
him
which
carrieth
an
entire
desire
and
full
intent
to
deale
truly
&
loyally
.
He
ought
likewise
to
beware
,
vnder
paine
of
great
punishment
,
for
running
from
one
campe
to
another
,
for
what
occasion
soeuer
shal
vrge
him
to
it
,
but
is
bound
to
serue
that
partie
with
which
he
doth
first
place
himselfe
,
euen
vntill
the
ende
of
the
warres
.
I
haue
séene
it
likewise
not
lawfull
,
that
a
captaine
should
receiue
into
his
seruice
a
souldier
that
is
departed
from
another
Captaine
of
the
same
faction
,
and
this
was
obserued
,
to
the
end
that
souldiers
should
be
kept
obedient
and
stedfast
vnder
their
Ensigne
,
where
first
they
haue
placed
themselues
.
Prouided
alwayes
,
that
their
Captaines
intreate
them
honestly
and
well
,
which
is
to
be
decided
by
the
Marshall
of
the
field
.
Neuertheles
,
so
often
as
a
souldier
is
forced
of
necessity
to
leaue
the
warres
,
he
ought
not
to
depart
out
of
his
seruice
,
but
by
the
speciall
lycence
of
his
captain
,
accompanied
with
an
autentike
pasport
of
his
good
seruice
,
so
shal
he
shun
many
confusions
which
are
great
occasions
of
scandals
&
infinite
troubles
,
by
means
wherof
he
may
fréely
make
relation
of
the
good
seruice
he
hath
done
,
and
boldly
shew
himselfe
before
any
mans
face
.
He
ought
to
take
special
care
,
that
he
be
not
the
beginner
and
occasion
of
any
discordes
and
mutinies
,
neither
consent
therevnto
,
what
reason
soeuer
should
lead
him
thereunto
,
since
that
such
peruerse
proceeding
doth
not
agrée
with
the
worthie
,
noble
,
and
famous
art
of
war
,
which
is
a
dangerous
discredite
to
such
malefactors
,
and
for
the
most
part
without
any
recouerie
doth
procure
the
generall
ruine
of
many
valiant
Captaines
&
mightie
armies
.
And
therfore
ruffians
and
common
hackers
that
liue
idle
in
the
stréetes
at
home
,
and
follow
the
wars
onely
for
spoile
▪
are
most
vnfit
to
make
souldiers
,
for
experience
makes
manifest
,
that
they
are
the
onely
cause
of
mutin●…s
,
so
that
one
such
is
able
to
corrupt
and
disorder
a
whole
band
.
Wherefore
a
good
souldier
ought
rather
to
applie
himselfe
to
suffer
things
impossible
,
then
commit
so
great
an
error
,
for
by
the
one
great
honour
and
praise
shall
redound
vnto
him
,
and
by
the
other
vile
act
,
he
shall
gaine
manifest
blame
and
assured
death
:
for
such
notable
errors
,
without
any
remission
,
or
any
pity
(
as
in
part
I
haue
before
touched
,
and
her
easter
in
the
marshal
Lawes
shal
set
downe
)
are
seuerely
to
be
chastised
.
When
the
companie
doth
disband
,
and
euerie
souldier
is
to
go
to
his
lodging
or
cabbin
,
it
is
verie
requisite
he
stay
vntill
such
time
as
he
see
the
Ensigne
lapt
vp
and
lodged
,
to
the
intent
,
if
he
be
of
the
gard
about
the
same
,
that
night
he
may
attend
to
do
his
dutie
,
otherwise
he
may
lawfully
depart
,
&
thereby
shun
the
shamful
name
of
a
stubborne
,
licentious
&
disobedient
person
.
He
must
learne
to
vnderstand
the
assured
sound
of
the
drum
,
thereby
to
know
alwayes
whereunto
he
is
appointed
,
and
what
thing
is
to
be
done
and
obeyed
,
which
of
duetie
is
accustomed
to
be
done
,
since
that
with
this
instrument
souldiers
are
giuen
to
vnderstand
,
during
the
warres
,
what
things
be
necessarie
to
be
executed
.
One
thing
besides
is
most
necessarie
for
a
souldier
,
which
is
,
that
he
learne
perfitly
to
swim
,
both
for
that
waters
cannot
alwayes
be
passed
with
wading
,
neither
at
al
times
boats
&
bridges
can
be
conueyed
with
the
campe
,
by
reason
of
naughty
passages
,
as
also
in
diuers
enterprises
a
man
is
both
more
safe
and
more
bold
,
knowing
what
he
can
do
:
whereof
young
Shelley
made
a
most
famous
proofe
,
who
at
the
victualing
of
Midleborow
,
when
their
nanie
was
assaulted
by
the
Flushingers
,
hauing
all
his
companie
slaine
,
swam
a
shore
with
his
armes
,
being
the
last
man
left
aliue
a
shipbord
:
and
as
the
Spaniards
at
the
passage
of
the
arme
of
the
sea
,
when
they
went
to
besiege
Siricke
seas
.
Besides
the
notable
attempt
made
at
the
great
riuer
of
Alba
in
Saxonie
,
the
yeare
1547.
where
the
Imperialists
had
so
famous
and
glorious
a
victorie
.
Now
therefore
let
no
man
perswade
himselfe
,
that
the
seuerall
and
particular
experience
which
belongs
to
a
perfect
good
souldier
,
can
be
perfectly
and
duely
obtained
by
anie
other
way
,
but
by
a
continuall
delight
,
exercise
,
and
obseruation
:
for
no
man
doth
bring
any
worke
to
perfection
,
whereof
he
hath
not
the
art
:
euerie
art
doth
spring
of
experience
and
knowledge
,
and
knowledge
doth
arise
by
meanes
of
studie
and
continuall
practise
.
Militarie
profession
being
then
more
perfect
and
aboue
all
other
arts
,
consequently
it
is
necessarie
we
vse
in
the
same
greater
studie
,
and
more
continuall
exercise
then
is
to
be
vsed
in
any
other
art
:
for
somuch
as
it
is
a
most
ancient
and
prudent
sentence
:
All
arts
do
consist
in
exercise
:
and
therfore
continually
at
idle
times
it
is
verie
fit
and
necessarie
for
a
souldier
,
to
practise
and
exercise
himselfe
amongst
his
companions
in
the
campe
,
in
running
,
leaping
,
throwing
the
barre
,
or
such
like
,
to
make
him
actiue
,
and
to
auoid
such
idle
pastimes
as
souldiers
commonly
now
a
daies
vse
,
contrarie
to
all
good
order
.
Besides
which
,
as
I
haue
partly
touched
before
,
euery
priuate
souldier
ought
not
only
to
be
well
able
to
vse
the
weapon
he
serueth
withall
,
but
also
sodainly
to
vnderstand
all
commandements
of
his
gouernors
,
whether
it
be
by
voice
or
sound
of
drum
or
otherwise
,
and
to
know
how
to
maintein
himselfe
in
order
without
breaking
aray
,
not
onely
marching
,
but
also
turning
in
a
troupe
or
retyring
.
For
that
souldier
which
knoweth
his
dutie
how
to
behaue
himselfe
in
the
campe
,
in
watch
,
scout
,
&c.
and
likewise
in
marching
,
turning
,
retyring
,
and
fighting
or
skirmishing
to
obserue
the
order
prescribed
by
his
captaine
,
may
be
called
a
trained
and
old
souldier
:
whereof
if
he
be
ignorant
,
although
he
haue
bene
twentie
yeares
in
the
warres
,
he
is
not
to
be
estéemed
a
souldier
.
But
in
these
exercises
the
sergeants
and
officers
are
daily
&
duely
to
instruct
generally
and
priuately
ech
souldier
,
which
officers
ought
of
necessitie
to
haue
knowledge
in
reading
,
that
both
what
is
written
before
,
and
shal
be
written
after
in
this
booke
,
specially
touching
the
marshal
lawes
of
the
field
,
they
may
euer
read
as
a
lecture
to
their
souldiers
,
being
in
corpes
de
gard
,
or
at
other
●…it
and
conuenient
times
.
For
these
be
things
so
necessary
to
be
known
and
obserued
,
that
it
doth
both
import
very
much
that
ech
souldier
should
haue
them
by
heart
,
&
〈◊〉
were
possible
,
sowed
vpon
their
garments
to
be
a
perpetual
glasse
to
looke
into
,
whereby
they
might
guide
all
their
actions
,
that
thereby
they
might
sée
what
they
ought
to
shun
for
feare
of
punishment
,
and
what
to
imbrace
to
increase
credite
.
To
knit
vp
this
our
first
discourse
,
he
that
findes
himselfe
sufficient
and
well
inclined
to
exercise
this
most
excellent
professision
,
ought
with
all
modest
humilitie
,
&
good
intention
,
frame
himselfe
to
a
perfect
obedience
,
aswel
to
obserue
order
,
a
thing
so
conuement
and
necessary
in
this
exercise
,
as
also
to
execute
that
which
shal
be
commanded
him
by
his
captaine
.
Before
a
souldier
bind
himselfe
to
serue
in
a
●…and
,
he
ought
aduisedly
to
consider
,
and
expresly
to
perswade
himself
,
that
vnder
an
expert
,
valorous
,
and
worthy
captaine
,
seldome
or
neuer
our
trauaile
in
well
doing
is
forgotten
or
lost
:
when
as
the
contrary
doth
chance
vnder
those
that
be
vain
,
vitious
,
and
of
small
experience
,
who
through
want
of
perfection
and
practise
,
d
ee
not
know
the
merit
of
the
valiant
and
valorous
acts
of
a
good
souldier
:
so
that
consequently
they
neglect
all
toyle
&
trauaile
done
in
any
honourable
enterprise
.
Therefore
it
behoues
a
souldier
to
make
a
good
choyse
at
the
first
,
for
after
whatsoeuer
hée
be
,
he
must
still
obey
him
:
and
likewise
alwaies
haue
respect
,
and
carrie
a
reuerence
to
the
iustice
of
martiall
lawe
,
and
the
ministers
of
the
same
,
though
they
be
of
base
condition
,
since
both
by
the
law
of
nature
and
nations
,
they
ought
to
be
obeyed
and
obserued
,
and
particularly
knowne
,
and
had
in
memory
of
euerie
priuate
souldier
:
for
thereby
both
horesmen
and
footemen
are
kept
in
perfect
order
.
But
aboue
all
things
a
souldier
ought
not
to
forget
his
dutie
and
deuotion
toward
the
goodnes
of
our
Lord
God
,
and
towards
the
holy
catholicke
Church
and
our
sacred
christian
religion
,
by
which
the
true
gift
of
vertue
,
valor
and
fortitude
,
and
all
good
things
beside
,
we
most
certainly
receiue
,
and
are
assured
to
attaine
whilest
our
determinations
be
lawfull
and
honest
.
And
for
that
a
souldier
being
subiect
to
a
thousand
dayly
dangers
,
it
behoues
him
continually
to
liue
as
he
dare
die
,
and
oftentimes
to
reconcile
himselfe
to
God
by
confession
,
penance
and
satisfaction
,
and
receiue
the
benefite
of
the
other
heauenly
and
moste
blessed
sacrament
.
I
haue
bene
somwhat
more
copious
in
this
first
discourse
touching
a
souldier
,
then
perchance
I
meane
to
be
in
any
of
the
rest
,
by
reason
this
is
the
first
step
and
degree
a
man
ought
to
set
his
feete
vpon
,
before
he
mount
the
throne
of
perfect
gouernment
in
martiall
affaires
:
for
if
a
souldier
can
obtaine
tried
experience
in
this
first
point
,
he
may
with
more
ease
ascend
the
other
,
since
this
is
onely
the
ground-worke
of
all
the
rest
.
The
office
which
appertaines
to
a
corporall
,
cape
de
squadre
,
disnier
,
or
chiefe
of
chamber
.
IT
is
not
to
be
doubted
,
but
that
al
notable
errors
depend
only
of
idlenesse
,
and
that
all
worthy
and
commendable
acts
spring
of
vigilant
warinesse
:
Therefore
a
corporall
,
cape
de
squadre
,
disnier
,
or
chiefe
of
chamber
,
or
how
you
list
to
terme
them
,
ought
to
be
no
lesse
prudent
and
carefull
ouer
the
gouernment
of
his
people
,
then
a
father
in
ruling
of
his
family
,
and
as
euery
parent
doth
passe
in
age
his
children
,
euen
so
a
corporall
should
be
such
,
that
he
may
exceede
an●…
souldier
,
i●…
not
by
experience
and
yeares
,
at
leastwise
with
diligence
and
sharpenesse
of
wit
.
Through
which
indeuour
and
exercise
,
ioyned
with
a
feruent
desire
and
delight
,
to
attaine
to
the
perfit
tip
of
this
honourable
profession
,
he
shall
euery
day
become
more
cap●…able
,
and
of
greater
experience
:
wherefore
I
would
as
neare
as
is
possible
,
not
only
haue
him
expresly
acquainted
with
the
aduertisements
and
martiall
lawes
following
,
but
also
ind●…ed
with
the
best
of
th●…se
conditions
which
I
haue
set
out
in
my
former
discourse
of
a
priuate
souldier
,
since
yt●…o
mount
vp
to
this
second
degrée
,
it
is
very
necessary
&
requisite
,
that
he
haue
made
long
abode
in
the
practise
and
experience
in
the
first
step
of
seruice
appertaining
to
a
priuate
souldier
.
The
captaine
must
select
&
choose
sou●…e
of
the
most
skilfull
souldiers
,
which
be
honest
,
loyall
,
and
perfect
catholicke
Christians
,
out
of
euerie
hundreth
in
his
●…and
;
whereof
two
are
to
haue
charge
of
the
shotte
,
the
other
two
of
the
pikes
,
euerie
one
guiding
24.
a
péece
,
the
which
ought
all
of
them
to
be
lodged
togither
,
and
the
corporall
himselfe
in
the
middest
of
his
charge
,
whereby
when
anie
secret
seruice
is
to
be
done
,
they
may
call
and
assemble
by
the
appointment
of
the
superiour
officers
,
their
whole
squadron
,
or
what
lesse
number
els
,
without
the
sound
of
anie
drum
.
Now
then
a
corporall
with
his
squadron
of
25.
or
more
,
according
to
the
discretion
of
the
captaine
,
lodging
togither
with
his
companie
,
must
prouide
generally
for
all
their
reasonable
wants
of
wages
,
match
,
powder
,
and
other
munition
,
and
must
instruct
them
how
to
handle
their
weapons
.
He
must
likewise
remember
perfectly
howe
euerie
one
is
armed
and
furnished
when
he
receiueth
them
in
charge
,
and
to
see
that
no
part
therof
be
spoiled
but
preserued
neat
and
trimme
:
and
aboue
all
things
to
looke
well
to
the
behauiour
of
his
companie
,
not
suffering
them
to
vse
vnlawfull
and
prohibited
gaming
,
neither
to
giue
themselues
to
drinking
and
surfetting
,
but
to
spare
of
theyr
pay
to
furnish
themselues
brauely
and
surely
against
the
enemy
,
wherein
he
ought
to
vse
his
chiefe
indeuour
.
And
if
it
happen
that
any
fault
is
committed
,
his
part
is
not
violently
to
punish
the
souldier
himselfe
,
as
heereafter
is
touched
:
but
to
make
it
knowne
to
his
captaine
,
who
must
not
neyther
,
as
some
rashly
do
,
reuenge
himselfe
,
but
communicate
the
same
with
the
Marshall
or
his
prouost
,
who
onely
haue
vnder
the
generall
authoritie
to
punish
:
and
this
due
course
of
iustice
shal
be
more
terrible
to
the
souldier
,
and
bréed
lesse
cuill
will
in
them
to
the
captaine
and
officers
:
generally
in
these
respects
,
the
corporal
must
touching
the
foresayd
causes
or
such
like
,
or
if
any
souldier
be
sicke
,
hurt
or
absent
,
by
way
of
imprisonment
or
death
,
immediatly
make
report
thereof
,
finding
any
thing
worthy
relation
,
and
spare
no
man
,
but
deliuer
ouer
the
trueth
to
the
sergeant
,
the
sergeant
from
hym
,
or
togither
with
the
corporall
to
the
lieutenant
,
&
he
or
they
all
ioyntly
to
the
captaine
,
who
is
to
take
order
in
the
cause
.
Thus
shall
dignitie
of
officers
be
maintained
,
and
officers
and
faultes
redressed
,
to
the
great
example
of
the
euill
,
and
comfort
of
the
good
.
But
somewhat
more
amply
to
set
down
the
foresaid
respects
togither
with
certayne
other
aduertisements
.
A
corporall
must
alwaies
foresée
and
examine
,
that
the
souldiers
of
his
squadron
kéep
their
armes
in
order
,
clean
and
intyre
:
and
the
Hargabusiers
stored
with
match
,
bullets
,
and
powder
,
and
such
like
necessaries
:
a
thing
worthy
to
be
noted
and
obserued
in
this
profession
:
the
which
makes
sh●…w
that
the
same
is
of
a
good
souldier
not
onely
vsed
in
time
of
war
,
but
in
all
other
times
and
places
,
being
a
knowne
difference
betwixt
the
legitimate
,
and
lewd
professors
of
armes
.
He
ought
of
necessitie
still
to
instruct
&
exhort
them
,
that
they
liue
togither
friendly
,
without
discord
:
that
they
be
modest
and
sparing
in
their
victuals
,
profitable
in
their
apparell
,
and
that
generally
they
do
shun
swearing
,
and
blaspheming
vpon
gréeuous
punishment
,
by
which
act
of
blaspheming
and
swearing
by
the
holie
name
of
the
sacred
Trinity
,
they
commit
greater
villany
&
offence
before
God
,
then
if
before
the
world
they
did
commit
most
wicked
acts
,
or
infinit
errors
.
Likewise
let
him
prohibit
al
vnlawful
games
,
for
the
performance
wherof
he
ought
to
procéed
with
as
great
dexteritie
and
curtesie
as
he
can
,
that
alway
in
matters
of
importance
,
he
may
haue
that
due
obedience
which
is
required
,
&
not
through
crueltie
gaine
the
hate
and
euill
will
of
those
persons
,
which
in
many
other
thinges
beside
are
to
obey
him
:
for
to
chastise
them
,
lies
neither
in
hys
power
,
neyther
in
the
arbitriment
of
other
officers
,
although
they
be
of
degrees
higher
then
he
,
but
doth
iustly
appertayn
to
the
office
of
the
maister
of
the
campe
,
and
marshal
of
the
field
.
The
which
point
is
to
be
noted
and
obserued
,
to
the
discredit
of
some
captains
,
which
at
this
day
delight
to
imbrew
their
murthering
hands
in
the
bloud
of
souldiers
,
and
men
perchance
of
honest
behauior
,
being
moued
thereunto
through
some
hatred
,
toy
,
or
beastly
passion
.
Therefore
he
must
alwayes
be
mindfull
to
obserue
this
honourable
rule
of
diuers
good
and
discréet
officers
,
who
somtimes
do
ouersee
and
winke
at
light
faultes
,
and
procéed
with
a
certain
modestie
and
lenitie
,
although
in
matters
of
greater
insolency
,
with
seueritie
.
Notwithstanding
these
&
such
like
authorities
,
the
corporall
ought
to
be
no
lesse
obedient
to
euery
least
poynt
of
the
marshal
lawes
:
and
in
ranck
and
aray
,
or
in
other
places
where
those
of
greater
gouernment
be
,
he
must
performe
&
obserue
the
part
and
dutie
of
a
priuate
souldier
,
and
retain
like
order
and
obedience
:
for
where
our
betters
be
,
the
lesse
g●…e
place
.
But
when
alone
with
his
squadron
he
is
conducted
to
ye●…ace
where
he
is
to
make
watche
and
ward
:
then
must
he
take
vpon
him
his
office
,
and
make
prouision
of
wood
or
coles
,
that
he
may
alwaies
haue
fire
burning
in
his
corps
of
gard
,
aswel
in
the
day
as
in
the
night
,
and
aswel
in
the
summer
as
in
the
winter
:
without
which
he
ought
neuer
to
kéep
watch
,
because
it
is
a
most
necessary
munition
for
the
Hargubusiers
,
to
light
their
match
withall
,
●…
for
other
néedfull
respects
.
Likewise
he
must
prouide
for
oyle
,
for
candles
for
the
night
time
,
for
lanterns
and
such
like
at
the
sergeant
maiors
handes
,
or
of
some
others
,
who
haue
charge
to
prouide
for
those
things
,
&
are
accustomed
to
distribute
the
same
.
If
he
kéep
his
corps
de
gard
in
an
open
and
plain
place
or
otherwise
:
he
must
conform
the
company
of
his
squadron
,
according
to
the
order
appointed
by
his
betters
:
and
with
the
most
spéedy
&
artificial
maner
that
he
can
,
must
arme
and
fortify
with
ditches
,
trenches
,
and
Sentinels
,
the
place
where
he
must
make
his
abode
with
this
his
small
band
and
troup
of
souldiers
,
the
better
to
resist
the
enemies
furie
,
or
any
surprise
he
might
assault
him
withall
,
considering
that
sometimes
,
yea
and
that
very
often
,
being
set
vpon
,
the
Sentinels
and
corps
de
garde
be
repulsed
and
haue
their
throats
cut
,
to
the
great
disturbance
&
vniuersall
domage
of
the
whole
campe
.
He
must
ordaine
his
watch
in
such
a
place
,
that
in
the
same
at
all
times
he
may
remaine
warie
and
vigilant
,
placing
himselfe
in
the
moste
high
and
eminent
seate
of
all
the
corps
de
gard
,
to
the
intent
that
he
may
know
and
discern
in
due
time
euery
particular
accident
that
shall
happen
or
succéed
:
and
thereof
immediatly
aduertise
his
captaine
of
all
,
that
hee
may
prouide
remedie
with
speede
,
according
as
the
case
requires
.
Warily
and
secretly
,
euen
at
the
closing
of
the
night
,
vntill
the
bright
spring
of
the
Diana
,
and
fayre
day
light
,
he
must
ordaine
and
place
Sentinels
,
and
often
search
and
visite
them
,
with
the
aid
of
two
of
the
captaines
gentlemen
of
his
companie
,
called
of
the
Italians
Lanzze
Spezzate
,
or
might
be
termed
more
aptly
,
extraordinary
Lieutenants
,
that
he
may
alwayes
remayne
vigilant
and
assured
,
to
the
intent
hee
be
not
assailed
vnprouided
,
to
his
great
domage
,
and
before
he
can
giue
warning
of
the
enemie
to
the
campe
,
which
doth
rest
and
lie
in
safetie
in
that
quarter
where
he
is
,
vnder
his
charge
,
care
and
diligence
.
In
such
cases
he
ought
therefore
to
imploy
the
best
men
he
hath
,
that
he
neuer
rest
deceiued
in
a
matter
of
so
great
importance
,
since
that
of
those
which
be
but
meane
souldiers
,
or
as
I
may
well
terme
them
,
negligent
persons
,
nothing
else
is
to
be
looked
for
at
their
handes
,
but
error
,
losse
,
and
danger
.
Moreouer
,
he
must
at
the
least
cause
the
third
part
of
his
squadron
to
remayne
&
stand
continually
armed
at
all
poynts
,
both
night
and
day
,
consisting
of
greater
or
lesse
quantitie
of
people
,
according
as
the
suspition
doth
argue
the
neede
of
them
to
be
small
or
great
:
the
Hargabusiers
hauing
their
flaskes
and
furniture
tied
to
their
girdles
,
and
their
peeces
readie
charged
,
that
vpon
a
sodaine
they
may
contend
by
skirmish
,
according
to
needfull
occasion
,
and
readily
resist
the
enemy
without
slacking
or
any
remission
of
time
,
vntill
all
the
squadron
be
put
in
order
.
He
must
be
very
circumspect
,
that
the
rest
of
the
souldiers
weapons
,
and
principally
his
owne
,
be
laid
vp
and
placed
in
such
order
,
one
kinde
being
deuided
from
another
,
that
in
one
instant
they
may
be
speedily
and
readily
armed
:
the
which
hée
must
daily
put
in
practise
,
and
inure
them
withall
,
by
fained
alarmes
,
by
speciall
commandement
and
of
set
purpose
,
which
be
most
necessarie
to
be
practised
before-hand
for
diuers
honorable
and
important
respectes
,
worthie
to
be
had
in
good
consideration
.
Therefore
let
him
haue
and
carie
a
continual
care
,
that
their
armes
neuer
remaine
in
any
confused
order
,
the
which
if
hée
should
suffer
,
he
should
find
no
doubt
to
be
a
great
want
:
but
the
same
may
be
preuented
,
and
made
easie
,
by
accomodating
the
Hargabusies
in
ranck
one
by
one
,
vpon
a
boord
or
banck
:
the
pikes
and
corslets
,
in
order
reared
and
hanged
vpon
some
wall
or
other
apt
place
in
the
corps
de
gard
,
and
vpon
ech
particular
weapon
and
péece
,
euery
souldier
should
haue
a
proper
and
speciall
mark
before-hand
made
whereby
to
know
the
same
.
He
ought
daily
to
instruct
his
squadron
euerie
one
apart
,
howe
to
handle
the
weapon
wherwith
they
serue
:
the
Hargabusier
to
charge
&
discharge
nimbly
,
the
pikeman
to
tosse
his
pike
with
great
dexterity
.
Sentinels
ought
with
great
reason
to
be
placed
about
the
corps
of
gard
,
to
the
intent
the
same
may
be
defended
and
kept
with
more
safety
and
securitie
.
He
himselfe
at
the
closing
of
the
night
,
must
place
the
first
Sentinel
,
and
so
consequently
the
rest
,
instructing
them
orderly
what
maner
they
haue
to
obser●…e
,
and
howe
they
ought
to
gouern
themselues
in
such
accidents
as
might
insue
:
who
are
to
remaine
in
Sentinel
in
winter
and
cold
weather
,
but
one
houre
,
or
two
at
the
most
:
but
in
sommer
,
two
or
three
houres
before
they
be
changed
:
for
which
respect
,
that
euery
one
may
be
●…ed
with
equitie
,
let
him
first
make
a
iust
diuision
of
his
number
▪
according
to
the
number
of
the
houres
in
the
night
,
and
following
that
proportion
,
let
him
see
the
same
performed
,
without
fauoring
or
omitting
any
,
the
which
he
may
the
more
certainly
performe
,
if
the
names
of
his
souldiers
be
written
in
a
roll
,
and
when
the
houre-glasse
hath
run
their
time
(
which
is
necessary
for
him
to
haue
in
his
corps
de
gard
▪
then
to
pricke
their
names
,
and
place
newe
in
their
roomes
,
so
shall
ech
souldier
be
partaker
of
the
trauaile
,
and
rest
marueilously
wel
satisfied
.
But
for
that
in
wars
,
Canuisados
,
Surprises
,
Sallies
,
such
like
casualties
&
aduertisementes
be
infinite
,
I
will
leaue
the
rest
to
his
owne
vigilant
discretion
,
&
suppose
it
néedlesse
to
aduertise
him
of
euery
particular
point
,
more
then
that
I
haue
and
will
touch
in
this
my
first
booke
of
Militarie
directions
,
as
cases
moste
proper
for
priuate
souldiers
.
I
therefore
at
this
present
thinke
it
sufficient
for
a
corporall
to
know
,
that
it
is
necessary
he
should
so
dispose
the
matter
through
his
prouident
prouision
,
that
all
his
people
may
be
reduced
into
order
,
and
already
haue
taken
their
weapons
in
their
hands
,
before
the
enemy
giue
charge
vpon
them
.
And
therfore
in
time
and
place
of
suspition
and
danger
,
he
must
place
lost
Sentinels
without
the
watchword
,
a
good
distance
off
,
from
the
Corpes
de
garde
,
in
places
moste
suspect
.
But
in
other
places
not
néedfull
so
much
to
be
suspected
,
and
that
be
néerer
him
,
he
ought
to
set
Sentinels
with
the
watch-word
,
so
farre
one
from
an
other
,
as
it
shal
seeme
vnto
him
reasonable
or
requisit
,
&
that
they
may
inu●…ron
the
ground
one
within
the
sight
of
another
,
or
so
that
the
enemy
cannot
enter
,
or
any
espion
issue
without
their
knowledge
.
If
great
occasion
so
demand
,
let
him
place
togither
one
hargabusier
,
&
one
armed
pike
,
to
the
intent
that
the
one
may
kéep
the
enemie
far
off
,
and
in
a
certain
sort
sustaine
his
fury
at
the
point
of
his
pike
,
whilst
the
Hargabusier
with
the
discharge
of
his
péece
,
giues
arme
to
the
corpes
de
garde
and
camp
:
which
exployt
may
be
the
better
performed
,
if
a
corporall
shippe
of
pikemen
be
ioyned
togither
with
another
of
shot
.
Somtimes
without
making
any
noyse
or
rumour
,
Arme
is
giuen
to
the
campe
,
for
one
of
the
two
Sentinels
may
retyre
,
and
make
relation
to
the
corporall
what
hath
appeared
,
bin
séene
,
hard
or
happened
,
wherby
he
may
speedily
with
great
silence
giue
Arme
to
the
gard
,
without
leauing
the
place
of
the
Sentinel
disarmed
,
which
they
ought
neuer
to
abandon
,
but
at
such
times
as
the
enimie
is
manifestly
discouered
.
The
occasion
of
the
Alarme
being
certaine
,
at
which
time
being
retyred
,
they
must
vnite
themselues
togither
with
the
souldiers
of
the
gard
,
that
they
may
all
wholy
in
one
companie
execute
that
which
shall
fall
out
best
for
their
purpose
,
which
is
,
to
retyre
fighting
or
skirmishing
to
the
Campe
,
according
to
ordinarie
custome
,
notwithstanding
by
the
order
and
appointment
of
those
which
haue
authoritie
to
command
them
,
as
their
Captaine
,
Sergeant
Maior
,
&c.
but
neuer
otherwise
.
He
ought
moreouer
to
be
circumspect
,
that
in
the
body
of
the
watch
a
solemne
secrete
silence
be
kept
,
without
singing
,
brawling
,
or
any
rumour
or
noise
,
and
specially
in
the
night
,
both
in
respect
of
the
enimie
,
to
heare
when
the
Alarme
is
giuen
,
and
to
the
intent
that
those
which
rest
&
sléepe
,
and
are
not
yet
in
Sentinel
,
may
be
the
more
apt
to
resist
&
apply
themselues
to
these
factions
&
exercises
,
which
are
required
of
them
with
vigilant
watchfulnes
,
since
a
man
cannot
without
great
difficultie
remaine
without
sléepe
or
rest
,
any
much
longer
time
then
our
nature
is
accustomed
by
ordinarie
course
to
beare
,
and
therfore
at
the
entrance
of
the
corps
de
gard
,
he
ought
likewise
to
kéepe
a
proper
Sentinel
appertaining
to
the
gard
,
that
neither
friend
nor
enimie
comming
out
of
the
Campe
or
else
where
,
shall
be
able
to
enter
without
yeelding
the
watchword
:
and
in
this
sort
must
the
Corporall
proceed
,
euen
vntill
the
Diana
be
sounded
through
all
the
Campe
.
For
other
respects
,
I
finally
refer
him
to
my
following
discourse
,
which
togither
with
that
written
before
,
it
is
requisite
he
haue
in
perfect
memorie
as
well
as
the
priuate
souldier
.
Sixe
speciall
points
appertaining
to
souldiers
of
all
sorts
.
IT
is
written
in
the
Historie
of
Pietro
Bizari
,
touching
the
incredible
and
maruellous
obedience
of
the
Turkish
souldiers
,
that
a
certaine
Gentleman
at
his
returne
from
Constantinople
did
declare
vnto
the
Earle
of
Salma
,
that
he
had
seene
foure
myracles
in
the
Turkish
dominions
:
which
was
,
first
an
infinite
armie
almost
without
number
,
consisting
of
more
then
foure
hundred
thousand
men
.
Secondly
,
that
amongst
so
many
men
,
he
saw
not
one
woman
.
Thirdly
,
that
there
was
no
mention
made
of
wine
.
And
last
,
at
night
when
they
had
cryed
with
a
hye
voice
Alla
,
which
is
God
:
there
continued
so
great
a
silence
through
the
whole
campe
,
that
euen
in
the
Pauilions
they
did
not
speak
but
with
a
low
soft
voice
,
a
thing
worthie
to
be
admired
,
to
the
great
shame
of
the
confusion
of
Christians
:
therefore
if
the
infidels
obserue
such
strict
discipline
,
why
should
not
we
that
be
Christians
indeuour
our selues
to
surpasse
them
therin
?
and
begin
with
the
Spaniard
,
the
Salue
and
Auemaria
,
which
they
vse
thrise
throughout
their
whole
campe
,
recommending
themselues
and
their
affaires
to
God
,
with
great
reuerence
and
silence
,
which
I
would
wish
to
be
continued
vntill
the
diana
,
when
togither
with
the
sound
of
the
drummes
,
the
same
might
be
with
a
chéerefull
crie
renued
.
But
togither
with
silence
to
set
downe
certaine
other
vertues
,
take
them
here
as
I
finde
them
written
.
Silence
.
In
all
places
of
seruice
such
silence
must
be
vsed
,
that
souldiers
may
heare
friends
,
and
not
be
heard
of
enimies
,
as
well
in
watch
,
ward
,
ambush
,
canuisado
,
or
any
other
exploit
:
in
which
point
consisteth
oftentimes
the
safetie
or
perdition
of
the
whole
Campe
.
Obedience
.
Such
obedience
must
be
vsed
,
that
none
regard
the
persons
but
the
office
to
them
appointed
,
diligently
obseruing
the
same
:
any
offending
to
the
contrarie
,
runneth
into
the
danger
of
the
law
,
for
longer
then
obedience
is
vsed
and
maintained
,
there
is
no
hope
of
good
successe
.
Secretnesse
.
Souldiers
must
be
secrete
,
and
haue
regard
that
they
disclose
nothing
,
though
sometimes
they
vnderstand
the
pretence
of
the
hier
powers
.
The
disclosers
of
such
,
merite
most
cruell
punishment
.
Sobrietie
.
In
Sobrietie
consisteth
great
praise
to
the
souldiers
,
who
vsing
the
same
are
euer
in
state
of
preserment
,
such
regard
their
duties
,
and
reproue
the
rash
busibodies
.
Drunkerds
,
&c.
are
euer
in
danger
of
punishment
.
Hardinesse
.
The
Captaines
and
souldiers
that
be
hardie
of
courage
,
be
much
auailable
in
seruice
,
specially
such
as
will
ponder
what
may
be
the
end
of
their
enterprise
.
Some
in
times
past
haue
hardly
giuen
the
onset
,
and
after
repented
the
same
:
but
the
praise
of
the
aduised
cannot
be
expressed
.
Truth
and
Loyaltie
.
The
vertue
of
loyaltie
and
truth
is
farre
excéeding
my
capacitie
to
write
,
the
practises
of
the
contrarie
,
are
not
worthie
of
life
,
but
to
be
soone
adiudged
.
Subtile
enimies
approue
to
corrupt
souldiers
with
giftes
,
and
the
diuell
to
entrap
them
with
the
swéete
intising
baites
of
lewd
libertie
.
But
since
the
reward
of
truth
is
euerlasting
life
,
&
the
vntrue
and
dissembler
looseth
the
same
in
continuall
darkenesse
,
I
trust
none
of
our
countrimen
will
learne
the
one
for
the
other
,
will
be
false
to
his
soueraigne
,
or
flée
from
the
assured
piller
of
the
Catholike
faith
:
from
which
God
kéepe
all
good
souldiers
.
How
a
souldier
may
maintaine
obedience
,
and
keepe
himselfe
in
the
fauour
and
good
grace
of
his
Captaine
and
Generall
.
A
Good
souldier
ought
to
haue
consideration
,
that
since
due
orders
and
lawes
are
the
assured
foundation
&
stay
of
euerie
state
:
and
contrariwise
,
discord
and
disobedience
the
ruine
of
all
Realmes
:
so
that
aboue
all
things
a
well
gouerned
Generall
,
and
a
carefull
Captaine
,
ought
prudently
to
foresée
that
their
Campe
and
souldiers
be
paid
and
punished
with
equall
execution
of
iustice
,
not
respecting
person
:
yeelding
to
the
offenders
punishment
,
and
reward
to
the
vertuous
:
depressing
vice
,
and
exalting
vertue
:
vsing
commendation
to
the
good
,
and
correction
to
the
euill
,
ioyned
with
admonishments
of
magnanimitie
,
the
which
if
they
preuaile
not
,
to
chastise
them
:
and
as
the
good
husband
doth
plucke
the
wéeds
out
of
the
good
corne
,
to
the
intent
that
they
by
their
wicked
&
pernicious
example
,
do
not
infect
the
rest
,
&
consequently
doth
prouide
that
no
fault
passe
vnpunished
,
nor
no
valorous
act
vnrewarded
:
by
which
meanes
he
becomes
scared
,
fauoured
,
obeyed
,
and
beloued
of
all
the
armie
:
euen
so
on
the
other
side
,
the
good
natured
souldier
must
euer
haue
respect
to
keepe
the
bondes
of
modestie
towards
his
superiour
,
and
yéeld
many
thankes
to
God
,
that
he
hath
giuen
him
so
iust
and
vertuous
a
Captaine
and
General
,
towards
whom
he
must
alwayes
yeeld
like
obedience
,
that
the
sonne
doth
to
the
father
,
being
bound
so
to
do
by
the
diuine
law
,
without
shewing
himselfe
opposite
to
the
order
of
generall
iustice
,
nor
ingratefull
for
his
receiued
benefites
,
but
continually
by
his
good
guiding
in
the
one
and
the
other
,
giue
his
Captaine
iust
cause
to
loue
and
like
wel
of
him
.
Souldiers
be
euer
bound
to
obey
the
iustice
and
commandements
of
their
superiours
:
and
the
superiours
likewise
to
embrace
the
obedience
of
their
souldiers
,
whilest
he
doth
sée
himselfe
honoured
and
obeyed
of
them
,
either
in
déeds
or
words
,
in
earnest
or
dissembling
.
Although
the
general
or
captaine
were
a
right
Sardanapalus
,
so
that
his
lawes
be
obeyed
all
things
fall
out
well
:
wherefore
a
souldier
ought
with
al
his
indeuour
to
be
obedient
to
the
law
,
with
his
whole
heart
loue
his
Captaine
,
and
feare
him
with
al
his
force
.
Cyrus
being
cruell
,
couetous
,
miserable
,
and
an
cracter
of
taxes
,
through
iustice
was
beloued
and
obeyed
.
Cambyses
,
Marcus
Cato
,
and
Marcus
Antonius
,
the
two
first
being
seuere
and
cruel
,
yet
amongst
the
souldiers
were
maruellously
fauoured
:
and
the
third
,
although
he
was
drowned
in
the
deepe
and
gaping
gulfe
of
Lecherie
,
Gluttonie
,
and
riotous
gaming
,
yet
was
he
so
beloued
of
his
armie
,
that
his
souldiers
would
haue
suffered
themselues
to
be
crucified
,
to
haue
done
anie
thing
gratefull
vnto
him
,
and
that
chiefly
through
his
iustice
:
and
therefore
it
behoues
a
souldier
to
kéepe
inuiolate
the
●…artiall
lawes
of
the
field
.
But
to
touch
the
chiefest
meanes
whereby
a
souldier
maybe
drawne
to
obey
,
to
scare
,
and
loue
the
Captaine
,
and
altogither
gaine
his
good
liking
and
fauour
,
carie
in
mind
what
insueth
.
First
,
a
souldier
must
presume
and
perswade
himselfe
,
that
whatsoeuer
he
doth
in
secrete
,
that
it
shall
come
to
the
knowledge
of
the
Captaine
,
whether
it
be
good
or
euill
:
which
feare
,
if
he
be
wise
,
wil
restraine
him
from
doing
any
thing
pernicious
,
or
against
the
marshal
law
,
or
to
the
misliking
of
the
Captain
,
and
so
ought
to
rest
in
continuall
doubt
,
lest
his
euill
deeds
come
to
light
,
and
to
the
cares
of
the
superiour
officers
,
that
with
the
sword
of
iustice
,
the
rod
of
reuenge
,
and
the
scepter
of
rule
,
may
and
will
chastice
him
.
If
he
remember
this
,
no
doubt
he
will
liue
modestly
,
in
obseruing
those
lawes
which
are
commanded
by
the
Captaine
and
Generall
:
for
it
behooues
a
souldier
stil
to
liue
in
suspect
,
that
spials
and
intelligencers
be
euer
present
at
his
elbow
,
which
no
doubt
will
accuse
him
for
his
euill
behauiour
:
of
which
sort
a
Captaine
and
Generall
haue
great
store
to
kéepe
the
Campe
and
souldiers
in
continuall
suspicion
and
feare
.
A
souldier
must
euer
show
himselfe
grateful
to
his
Captaine
in
words
and
déeds
,
by
remaining
patient
in
his
actions
,
and
not
to
vse
complaints
in
his
spéeches
,
suffering
with
quiet
contentation
the
penurie
of
victuals
,
if
the
Campe
should
want
,
either
through
fault
of
the
Generall
,
barenesse
of
the
countrie
,
or
otherwise
by
his
negligence
,
or
through
the
malignitie
of
fortune
,
that
neither
by
water
nor
land
corne
and
victuals
can
be
brought
to
them
in
safetie
:
wherefore
he
must
weare
out
this
want
patiently
,
&
not
with
a
melancholike
countenance
,
make
apparance
of
a
wrathfull
and
furious
person
,
by
charging
of
the
chiefetaine
openly
with
those
wants
:
for
which
procéeding
,
let
him
assure
himselfe
that
he
shal
be
estéemed
of
euerie
man
an
insolent
,
seditious
,
and
impatient
souldier
.
Murmure
not
against
thy
Captaine
with
thy
tongue
,
but
rather
lament
in
thy
heart
thy
euill
fortune
,
resting
content
with
that
portion
of
victuals
his
sergeant
shall
giue
thée
for
that
day
.
Séeme
ioyfull
whilest
thy
Captaine
is
merrie
,
and
sorrowfull
when
he
is
grieued
,
yéelding
comfort
and
consolation
,
togither
with
faithfull
counsell
,
as
the
cause
requireth
.
Shew
not
thy selfe
full
of
wrath
and
malcontent
,
for
want
of
thy
wonted
pay
,
although
thou
manifestly
perceiue
the
same
to
procéede
of
the
couetousnesse
of
thy
Captaine
:
but
dissemble
and
shew
him
so
grateful
a
countenance
,
that
he
thereby
may
be
moued
to
pay
the
band
,
if
not
all
,
at
the
least
part
.
If
these
delayes
procéede
not
by
his
fault
,
and
that
therefore
he
laments
●…hy
lingring
want
:
make
frée
offer
vnto
him
to
suffer
all
lacke
and
discommoditie
to
pleasure
him
withal
,
whereby
he
shal
be
maruellously
moued
,
and
much
more
bound
to
loue
a
curteous
souldier
.
Do
not
molest
him
with
demanding
more
succour
and
prest
money
,
then
thou
hast
neede
of
,
yea
and
that
when
needie
force
constraines
.
Report
not
any
thing
but
that
which
is
profitable
and
beneficiall
for
the
publike
state
:
for
otherwise
thou
shalt
be
accounted
a
malicious
detractour
,
insolent
,
and
insupportable
,
making
rehersall
of
euerie
little
trifle
,
whereby
hatred
is
gained
in
exchange
of
gaining
fauor
.
Faile
neuer
in
the
diligent
execution
of
thy
duetie
,
and
make
shew
of
thy
forwardnes
,
euen
purposelie
with
the
first
,
euen
in
those
things
that
appertaine
not
to
thy
charge
.
Disobey
not
the
Captaines
or
Generals
precepts
,
nor
withstand
the
martial
lawes
:
neither
affirme
that
any
thing
is
euil
wrought
which
is
done
,
for
it
appertaines
not
to
a
souldier
to
reprehend
:
but
to
a
counsellour
to
admonish
.
Do
not
importune
thy
Captaine
to
reward
thy
trauell
and
seruice
,
but
attend
his
liberalitie
:
for
if
thou
become
importunate
,
he
will
likewise
become
Marcus
Crassus
,
who
at
the
first
vsing
great
liberality
,
being
continually
and
ouermuch
craued
,
became
at
the
last
extreame
couetous
.
Present
him
neuer
with
any
thing
,
specially
with
any
thing
of
valour
:
for
thy
Captaine
which
hath
no
néed
of
that
which
is
thine
,
and
perceiuing
thée
to
present
him
that
which
is
not
correspondent
to
the
merite
of
his
worthinesse
,
will
estéeme
the
same
to
be
done
in
maner
of
merchandise
,
as
procéeding
of
craft
:
but
if
thy
Captaine
demaund
any
thing
vnder
shew
of
praising
and
commending
the
same
,
or
the
beautie
thereof
,
it
is
then
requisite
that
the
same
be
liberally
bestowed
vpon
him
,
it
being
a
curteous
demaund
,
which
he
commonly
will
magnificently
recompence
,
as
did
Artaxerxes
.
Accept
neuer
any
thing
of
thy
enimie
souldier
,
neither
re●…eiue
any
letter
,
yea
if
it
should
be
from
thy
father
,
without
lycence
of
thy
Captaine
Generall
,
as
a
thing
which
onely
appertaines
to
counsellers
and
chieftaines
:
for
thy
Captaine
would
become
ielous
ouer
thy
fidelitie
,
suspecting
that
thou
wert
corrupted
.
There
is
another
note
,
specially
to
aduertise
all
souldiers
of
,
that
they
doe
not
rashly
,
neither
of
purpose
disdaine
to
be
gouerned
and
commanded
of
a
Captaine
,
which
is
perchance
of
no
ancient
house
,
as
an
infinite
number
of
fond
and
presumptuous
fellowes
do
now
adayes
:
who
being
rude
and
rusticall
clownes
,
disdaine
to
be
guided
by
captaines
,
whose
valour
and
vertue
,
and
not
whose
ancient
stocke
,
hath
giuen
them
that
degrée
,
being
ascended
to
so
hye
honour
by
the
steppes
of
vertue
:
for
I
haue
seene
some
that
but
lately
haue
left
their
needles
▪
their
hammers
,
and
their
spades
,
hauing
scarce
séene
a
small
skirmish
,
but
that
they
presume
themselues
to
be
expert
souldiers
,
and
will
say
,
what
is
my
captaines
valour
more
then
mine
?
Is
not
he
of
base
degrée
as
well
as
I
?
Not
considering
that
we
be
all
sprung
out
of
one
stocke
,
but
that
our
valour
and
vertue
hath
made
vs
noble
,
as
hath
béene
verified
in
diuers
Princes
,
kings
and
Emperours
,
as
Caius
Marius
,
Lucius
Quintus
Cincinatus
,
Attilius
Collatinus
,
Valentinianus
,
Maximinianus
,
Francisco
Carmognuolo
,
Iulian
Romero
,
and
Mondragon
,
besides
diuers
others
moe
,
which
at
this
day
doe
liue
,
being
exalted
by
the
degrees
and
way
of
vertue
,
to
the
tippe
of
such
praise
as
is
most
conuenient
to
worthy
Captaines
:
and
therefore
no
souldier
ought
to
disdaine
to
be
gouerned
by
such
,
whose
vertue
hath
made
noble
their
minds
.
And
moreouer
,
if
anie
such
a
one
that
is
become
Captaine
,
either
by
meanes
of
fauour
or
vertue
,
be
blotted
with
some
vice
or
defect
,
yet
we
ought
not
to
disobey
him
:
for
Caesar
was
ambitions
,
great
Alexander
a
drunkard
,
Hanniball
vnfaithfull
,
cruell
,
and
without
Religion
,
Fabius
Maximus
by
lingering
estéemed
a
coward
,
Marcellus
rash
and
vnaduised
.
And
therefore
although
thy
Captaine
be
accounted
most
vicious
,
yet
if
he
know
how
to
gouerne
and
guide
his
charge
,
a
souldier
must
obey
him
,
and
neither
calumniously
reprehend
him
,
nor
corruptly
imitate
and
obserue
his
vices
,
but
duely
and
directly
fulfill
his
precepts
:
so
that
no
souldier
or
Gentleman
,
of
what
great
house
soeuer
,
ought
to
disdaine
to
be
commanded
of
such
as
haue
risen
by
vertue
,
to
the
height
of
honour
,
neither
any
man
,
how
great
of
linage
soeuer
he
h●…
▪
to
disdaine
to
accept
lesse
degrées
then
a
Captaine
:
for
these
bée
the
steppes
by
the
which
hée
must
ascende
vnto
higher
dignitie
,
as
manie
auncient
and
noble
personages
haue
doone
,
who
from
inferiour
degees
by
little
and
little
haue
come
to
superiour
,
whereof
the
great
Emperour
Caius
Iulius
Caesar
may
be
example
:
who
being
borne
of
a
noble
house
amongst
the
Romans
,
was
first
chosen
Pretor
in
Spaine
(
a
base
office
in
respect
of
his
worthy
parentage
)
as
being
reputed
vnworthy
of
any
greater
office
,
he
did
beare
the
same
with
a
ioyfull
mind
,
accepting
it
as
a
meane
and
beginning
to
make
him
ascend
to
the
highest
of
Fortunes
whéele
,
vnto
the
which
the
valor
of
his
worthy
minde
did
aspire
.
These
things
considered
,
let
no
man
disdain
,
how
great
&
illustrous
so
euer
he
be
,
the
lowest
degrees
of
seruice
,
for
by
these
steps
he
must
ascend
to
the
throne
of
stately
gouernement
.
In
sum
,
because
I
will
not
grow
tedious
,
I
conclude
,
that
if
any
souldier
would
be
beloued
of
his
Captaine
,
let
him
still
obey
and
reuerence
him
,
performe
his
duetie
and
office
willingly
,
and
neuer
imagine
to
do
any
thing
that
is
not
gratefull
to
him
,
but
feare
&
obey
the
law
of
armes
,
which
he
must
imprint
perfectly
in
his
heart
,
and
haue
continually
in
memorie
,
as
here
in
order
do
presently
insue
.
Martiall
and
Militarie
lawes
,
whereunto
souldiers
of
all
degrees
must
be
sworne
,
to
keepe
and
maintaine
inuiolated
at
all
times
and
in
all
places
,
whether
they
serue
Emperor
,
King
,
or
Prince
.
1
FIrst
,
he
that
contrary
to
the
word
of
God
(
whom
in
al
our
actions
we
must
first
haue
respect
vnto
)
doth
maintaine
,
perswade
,
&
fauour
any
infidelitie
,
heresie
,
schisme
,
strange
or
new
religion
whatsoeuer
,
and
doth
not
cleaue
to
the
Christian
faith
,
shall
incurre
the
law
appertaining
.
2
Item
that
those
which
without
the
feare
of
God
despise
and
deride
his
holy
word
,
be
punished
accordingly
.
3
Item
that
no
man
speake
against
the
Christian
catholike
faith
,
neither
write
against
the
same
.
4
Item
that
no
souldier
of
what
soeuer
degrée
or
office
he
be
,
do
breake
,
spoile
,
abuse
,
or
prophane
any
church
.
5
Item
that
no
souldier
emit
or
absent
himselfe
from
diuine
seruice
,
if
his
Princes
vrgent
affaires
will
admit
him
to
be
present
.
6
Item
that
all
souldiers
obserue
and
kéepe
the
precepts
of
the
church
.
7
Item
that
contrariwise
,
no
man
be
so
hardy
to
outrage
any
zealous
man
,
either
in
word
,
déede
,
or
any
other
sinister
meanes
,
but
in
liew
thereof
,
carrie
a
reuerent
respect
to
all
and
euerie
of
them
.
8
Item
that
in
like
sort
no
man
go
about
to
defloure
,
commit
adulterie
or
fornication
,
with
virgins
,
wiues
or
widowes
,
neither
by
force
,
neither
by
other
accident
(
vnlesse
the
partie
were
consenting
,
and
the
matter
secrete
,
which
neuerthelesse
is
not
lawful
before
the
face
of
God
)
vpon
paine
of
death
without
mercie
.
9
Item
that
no
man
shal
destroy
,
ruinate
,
endomage
,
or
set
on
fire
any
sacred
place
,
without
licence
of
the
Captain
or
General
.
10
Item
togither
with
these
foresaid
religious
cases
,
or
any
ether
,
whosoeuer
shal
blaspheme
,
reuie
,
&
horribly
sweare
by
the
almightie
name
of
God
,
by
his
diuine
word
and
sacraments
,
let
such
a
peruerse
,
impious
,
and
blaspheming
person
be
punished
openly
,
and
to
the
terrour
of
the
rest
let
it
be
executed
:
for
no
doubt
the
plague
of
the
highest
will
not
depart
from
the
tentes
of
blasphemers
and
despisers
of
religion
:
for
how
should
we
vse
iustice
indifferently
vnto
men
,
when
we
are
content
with
silence
to
suffer
such
iniurie
to
be
committed
against
God
?
Therfore
first
the
offences
done
against
God
must
be
straightly
punished
,
and
he
then
wil
giue
thée
wisdome
to
decide
the
rest
,
and
triumphant
victorie
.
11
Item
all
souldiers
in
generall
,
hauing
taken
their
oath
to
serue
God
and
aduance
his
word
,
they
shal
then
next
be
sworne
to
be
true
,
iust
,
and
dutifull
to
their
Lord
&
soueraigne
,
and
his
graund
General
,
or
chiefe
captaine
of
the
field
,
to
be
tractable
&
obedient
vnto
euery
officer
placed
&
appointed
to
rule
ouer
him
,
and
to
be
readie
both
day
&
night
to
serue
,
whether
it
be
by
land
or
by
water
,
as
occasion
of
seruice
shall
fall
out
and
require
:
and
whosoeuer
doth
repine
or
sheweth
disobedience
herein
,
of
what
degreè
or
condition
soeuer
he
be
,
he
must
be
duly
punished
by
the
iudgement
of
the
superiours
,
appointed
for
that
purpose
.
12
Item
that
whensoeuer
any
Chieftaine
or
Captaine
of
any
band
,
shal
vpon
vrgent
causes
appoint
in
his
absence
any
other
whom
he
shall
thinke
good
,
to
supply
and
execute
his
roome
of
captainship
,
euerie
man
ought
to
follow
and
obey
the
said
deputie
with
no
lesse
care
&
diligence
,
then
they
would
the
captaine
himselfe
,
vpon
paine
of
such
punishment
as
the
Generall
or
his
assignes
shall
appoint
.
13
Item
that
al
souldiers
must
content
themselues
with
their
places
appointed
,
being
ioyned
togither
in
ban●…s
,
or
seuerall
without
resistance
,
whether
it
b●…
in
marching
,
watching
,
incamping
,
or
bes●…eging
,
being
also
commanded
thereunto
by
the
Captaine
or
other
officers
,
vpon
such
paine
as
shal
be
thought
good
by
the
Captaine
.
14
Item
that
euerie
souldier
shall
●…or
his
honour
sake
,
gladly
fauour
,
&
mercifully
forbeare
vnto
the
vttermost
of
his
power
,
all
women
lying
in
childbed
,
or
being
with
child
,
or
lately
deliuered
from
child
,
to
defend
and
succour
them
from
the
rage
of
the
cruel
and
rude
souldiers
,
or
others
which
follow
the
campe
for
spoile
.
Also
it
behooueth
,
as
I
said
before
,
that
all
souldiers
defend
all
priestes
of
godly
calling
,
and
all
spirituall
persons
:
but
now
adaies
they
be
the
first
to
whom
abuse
is
offered
,
of
what
opinion
or
religion
soeuer
they
be
:
but
God
no
doubt
wil
iustly
plague
all
such
before
they
be
aware
,
and
when
they
least
suspect
it
.
15
Item
that
euerie
souldier
shall
serue
,
and
is
by
the
law
of
armes
bound
by
long
custome
to
serue
thirtie
dayes
for
euerie
moneth
,
and
after
that
rate
he
shall
receiue
his
moneths
wages
.
16
Item
,
if
that
any
souldier
haue
receiued
his
moneths
wages
aforehand
,
or
any
part
thereof
,
and
departeth
without
leaue
or
pasport
from
his
Captaine
,
and
hath
not
serued
for
it
,
he
or
●…hey
apprehended
,
shall
for
the
said
offence
be
iudged
to
die
.
17
Item
,
if
there
be
any
souldier
or
souldiers
in
marching
,
breake
his
or
their
aray
without
iust
occasion
enforcing
them
,
then
the
pro●…ost
marshall
,
Lieutenant
of
the
●…and
,
or
sergeant
,
shall
compell
him
or
them
with
violence
to
kéepe
his
or
their
rankes
in
order
:
and
if
so
be
that
he
or
they
so
disordered
,
doe
chance
in
this
case
to
be
sla●…e
,
there
shall
no
man
be
blamed
by
his
or
their
deathes
,
by
the
law
of
the
field
,
for
by
such
disordered
people
the
whole
armie
may
be
in
danger
of
ruinating
by
the
enimie
.
18
Item
,
if
that
by
the
appointment
of
the
chiefe
rulers
of
the
armie
there
be
a
battaile
fought
,
and
that
by
the
mightie
power
o●…
God
,
the
victorie
be
obtained
on
your
side
,
the
law
of
armes
is
such
,
that
if
any
souldier
hath
receiued
his
monethes
wages
aforehand
,
he
shall
be
discharged
of
the
same
,
neither
shall
he
serue
any
longer
for
the
said
wages
,
after
the
day
of
victorie
,
neither
shal
owe
any
thing
for
it
,
but
he
shal
be
set
frée
from
the
moneths
seruice
.
19
Item
,
if
it
chance
that
in
time
of
skirmish
,
or
in
any
other
conflict
with
the
enimie
,
some
one
do
aduenture
to
●…lie
and
run
away
from
his
fellowes
,
if
in
the
flying
his
Cap●…aine
or
any
other
souldier
by
shooting
at
him
,
or
by
striking
at
him
do
chance
to
kill
him
,
they
shall
incurre
no
danger
for
so
doing
:
and
if
such
a
flier
chance
to
escape
at
that
time
,
and
afterwards
be
taken
,
let
him
according
to
the
law
of
armes
suffer
death
for
the
same
:
for
one
such
a
recreant
may
be
the
ouerthrow
of
a
great
multitude
.
20
Item
,
it
standeth
with
the
law
of
armes
,
that
ech
common
souldier
shal
be
sworne
,
that
they
will
not
haue
amongst
themselues
any
priuate
counsels
,
assemblies
or
conuenticles
,
vpon
paine
of
the
losse
of
their
liues
.
21
Item
,
there
shall
no
souldier
,
neither
in
time
of
marching
,
nor
during
the
time
of
their
incamping
,
hold
or
keepe
any
whispering
or
talke
,
or
secretly
conuey
any
letters
vnto
their
aduersaries
,
without
lycence
from
the
chiefe
Captaine
,
vpon
pain
of
the
losse
of
his
life
.
22
Item
,
if
there
be
any
one
,
or
a
more
number
,
that
shal
go
about
any
treason
,
or
any
other
conspiracie
to
be
committed
against
the
Campe
or
garrison
,
such
a
traitour
or
conspir●…ur
shal
be
accused
vnto
the
knight
marshall
,
and
he
that
bewrayeth
and
accuseth
such
an
offender
,
shall
haue
for
his
reward
a
monethes
wages
or
more
,
as
the
fact
is
hainous
:
so
the
reward
is
to
bee
increased
vnto
the
partie
that
reue●…leth
the
same
,
and
the
offender
to
receiue
the
reward
of
a
false
●…tour
.
23
Item
that
no
souldier
shall
be
suffered
to
be
of
a
ruffi●…nlike
behauiour
,
either
to
prouoke
or
to
giue
any
blow
or
thrust
,
or
otherwise
wilfully
strike
with
his
dagger
,
to
iniurie
any
his
fellow
souldiers
with
any
weapon
,
whereby
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
times
ensue
,
vpon
paine
of
the
losse
of
his
life
.
24
Item
,
if
any
one
beareth
hatred
or
malice
,
or
any
euill
will
●…or
any
occasion
done
vnto
him
,
and
so
striketh
him
,
hee
looseth
his
hand
,
if
otherwise
he
séeketh
reuenge
,
then
by
law
he
looseth
his
life
.
25
Item
if
any
souldier
be
warned
to
watch
and
ward
,
and
he
do
not
come
,
he
shall
be
punished
at
the
discretion
of
the
captaine
:
but
if
any
souldier
be
sommoned
to
watch
,
and
hée
appeare
,
and
after
the
watchword
giuen
,
&
the
watch
set
,
he
departeth
and
leaueth
the
watch
,
such
a
one
shall
without
mercie
be
punished
with
the
losse
of
his
life
:
neither
shall
any
man
set
an
other
to
watch
in
his
place
without
the
leaue
of
the
Captaine
,
vpon
paine
of
his
life
.
26
Item
that
no
souldier
or
souldiers
draw
his
or
their
swords
,
or
vse
any
other
kind
of
weapon
,
with
violence
to
do
hurt
within
or
without
the
Campe
,
during
the
time
of
the
warres
,
vpon
paine
of
death
.
It
hath
lately
béene
vsed
with
more
fauor
of
life
,
as
such
an
offender
to
loose
his
hand
:
but
it
is
the
discretion
of
the
Lord
chiefe
Generall
,
in
whose
hands
lyeth
both
the
life
and
death
of
the
offenders
after
their
arrainment
and
iust
condemnation
.
27
Item
,
the
like
law
is
against
the
officer
&
officers
of
any
band
in
the
campe
,
if
he
strike
any
souldier
without
such
occasion
,
as
is
permitted
him
in
the
articles
to
do
,
otherwise
he
may
defend
himselfe
.
28
Item
that
no
person
or
persons
presume
to
be
mustered
,
or
to
take
wages
before
he
be
sworne
to
bée
faithfull
,
and
truely
to
serue
his
Prince
in
those
warres
present
,
vpon
paine
of
death
.
29
Item
that
the
Harold
at
armes
shal
proclaime
&
publish
al
that
the
Generall
shall
giue
him
in
charge
,
in
the
place
&
places
where
he
is
commanded
,
and
not
to
adde
or
diminish
any
part
or
parcell
thereof
vpon
paine
of
death
.
30
Item
,
there
shal
no
souldiers
or
other
men
,
procure
or
stir
vp
any
quarrell
with
any
stranger
,
that
is
of
any
other
nation
and
such
as
serue
vnder
one
head
and
Lord
with
them
,
neither
in
their
gaming
or
otherwise
,
vpon
paine
of
the
losse
of
his
life
.
31
Item
,
there
shall
no
souldier
or
other
person
,
being
in
Campe
or
march
,
take
away
any
thing
from
any
man
being
their
friend
,
by
violence
or
deceipt
,
as
their
victuals
or
other
necessaries
,
vpon
paine
of
the
losse
of
his
life
.
32
Item
when
that
there
are
any
victuals
caried
or
brought
vnto
the
campe
,
no
man
shall
run
out
to
take
any
part
of
them
before
they
be
brought
to
the
appointed
place
for
the
purpose
:
no
though
they
offer
for
them
more
then
they
be
worth
,
vpon
pain
of
the
losse
of
his
life
.
33
Item
if
that
the
prouost
martiall
haue
at
any
time
taken
an
offender
,
and
according
to
his
office
,
he
carieth
him
to
be
punished
:
and
if
that
one
or
more
souldiers
seeke
to
rescew
the
said
malefactor
,
and
in
this
stirre
the
offender
escape
,
he
or
they
that
are
the
occasion
of
this
escape
,
shal
be
punished
with
the
like
punishment
as
the
malefactor
should
haue
bene
,
whether
it
be
by
life
or
otherwise
,
according
as
the
waight
of
the
crime
requireth
.
34
Item
if
there
be
anie
sound
,
that
hath
entered
his
name
vnder
two
captaines
,
and
hath
taken
wages
,
armour
and
weapons
beforehand
:
such
a
person
shal
be
taken
for
a
periured
man
,
and
by
the
law
of
armes
,
shall
for
the
same
lose
his
life
.
35
Item
if
any
man
that
hath
a
place
appointed
him
by
the
harbinger
or
officers
for
his
tent
or
lodging
,
hee
must
hold
himselfe
content
withall
:
neither
shall
hee
molest
any
man
lodging
within
his
tent
or
cabbin
,
or
other
lodging
at
any
time
,
for
anie
occasion
vpon
paine
of
the
chiefe
captaines
displeasure
,
and
such
punishment
as
he
shall
thinke
most
fit
for
the
offence
.
36
Item
that
no
man
shall
sound
and
make
any
alarme
,
er●…ept
it
be
néede
,
or
vpon
commandement
from
the
higher
officers
,
vpon
paine
of
the
losse
of
his
life
.
37
Item
when
of
necessitie
the
alarme
is
made
,
each
man
must
be
stirre
him
to
be
ready
for
battaile
,
vpon
paine
of
the
losse
of
his
life
.
38
Item
at
the
first
warning
of
the
drum
or
secretly
,
all
souldiers
must
be
in
a
readinesse
,
and
resort
to
the
place
appointed
,
which
commonly
is
the
market
place
(
being
first
of
all
vnited
with
his
ensigne
)
and
from
thence
in
order
of
aray
to
the
enemies
,
as
they
be
commanded
,
vpon
the
pain
of
the
losse
of
his
life
.
39
Item
all
souldiers
,
being
horsemen
or
footmen
,
must
diligently
in
order
of
aray
by
sound
of
drum
or
trumpet
,
accompany
the
ensig●…e
to
watch
,
ward
,
or
reliefe
of
the
same
,
being
there
silently
in
a
readinesse
to
withstand
or
discouer
the
enemies
:
&
as
occasion
shall
serue
to
brute
the
alarme
,
with
the
vsuall
worde
,
arme
,
arme
,
or
bowes
,
bowes
,
if
●…n
〈◊〉
or
anie
bandes
be
in
paie
,
vpon
paine
of
losse
of
their
liu●
.
5.
40
Item
all
souldiers
must
keepe
their
armor
and
weapons
faire
,
cleane
and
seruiceable
to
a
readinesse
at
euerie
sodaine
,
none
intermedling
but
with
his
owne
,
euerie
one
to
helpe
other
to
arme
,
and
diligently
to
resort
to
the
place
of
seruice
,
at
scrie
,
and
larum
vpon
paine
.
41
Item
all
souldiers
must
honestly
intreate
,
and
truely
paie
victuallers
and
artificers
,
allowed
for
the
reliefe
,
being
friends
or
enemies
,
and
with
curteous
words
encourage
such
to
victual
,
and
relieue
the
companies
or
campe
vpon
paine
.
42
Item
all
souldiers
,
in
watch
,
ward
,
march
,
or
otherwise
,
shall
haue
special
regard
,
that
if
there
be
man
or
woman
desirous
to
speake
with
the
superiors
,
or
being
thy
enemies
for
feare
doe
forsake
his
owne
power
,
and
resort
to
thee
:
let
such
secretly
be
conueied
to
the
Lord
chiefe
generall
,
regarding
that
they
view
no
secrets
,
least
they
be
double
spies
vpon
paine
of
the
losse
of
their
liues
.
43
Item
captaines
and
officers
,
must
oft
frequent
and
resort
vnto
the
souldiers
lodgings
to
sée
in
what
state
their
armor
and
inunitions
be
,
and
to
giue
great
charge
that
their
furniture
be
alwaies
in
a
readinesse
,
their
corslets
with
all
peeces
belonging
to
the
same
,
and
their
caliuers
to
be
made
cleane
and
oiled
,
to
haue
match
&
powder
drie
,
bullets
fit
for
their
peeces
,
stringes
whipped
for
their
bowes
,
their
billes
and
halberdes
to
be
kept
sharpe
.
And
often
to
view
euery
particular
,
vpon
paine
.
44
Item
he
that
shall
depart
out
of
the
place
where
he
shal
be
put
,
by
his
head
or
any
officer
whatsoeuer
,
for
a
lost
Sentinel
,
spy
,
watchman
,
scout
,
or
warder
,
aswell
by
day
as
by
night
,
as
it
often
happeneth
,
to
discouer
some
dealings
of
the
enemy
,
without
attending
and
staying
for
him
,
that
placed
him
there
,
to
take
him
away
,
except
he
should
remoue
in
hast
to
aduertise
his
head
of
the
successe
of
the
enemies
assaulting
or
doing
anie
outrage
,
shall
be
punished
with
death
.
45
Item
whosoeuer
should
rashly
offend
or
hurt
,
either
in
word
or
deedes
,
any
man
belonging
to
the
deputies
or
head
officers
of
iustice
or
captain
,
there
being
in
pay
for
sergeants
.
And
they
being
appointed
to
carrie
no
other
weapon
,
with
sicles
or
staues
,
but
billes
or
halberds
,
they
may
be
knowne
for
men
of
iustice
,
and
not
for
Souldiers
.
46
Item
whosoeuer
standeth
within
or
without
the
campe
or
barres
,
to
watch
or
scout
,
and
doth
his
dutie
so
euill
,
that
thorow
his
negligence
,
the
enemy
setteth
vpon
the
campe
at
vnawares
,
he
shall
die
.
47
Item
he
that
vnder
colour
of
doing
the
duetie
of
a
scout
or
spie
,
perceiuing
the
enemies
haue
assaulted
the
campe
,
and
he
with
such
faining
lieth
still
,
shall
die
for
it
.
48
Item
he
that
shall
forsake
the
defence
,
in
generall
or
particular
,
of
the
batterie
of
the
trench
of
the
passage
of
a
bridge
,
or
other
like
to
him
committed
,
but
lightly
,
not
forced
goeth
away
,
shal
be
for
so
offending
,
punished
with
death
.
49
Item
whosoeuer
entring
into
a
Citie
taken
by
force
,
followeth
not
his
ensigne
whither
soeuer
it
shall
go
,
vntil
the
Generall
make
proclamation
,
that
euerie
man
shall
take
booties
:
And
if
the
general
cause
no
such
proclamation
,
to
be
made
,
&
that
souldiers
make
spoile
,
he
shall
incurre
the
paine
of
death
,
and
if
proclamation
be
made
that
they
shall
cease
from
taking
praies
and
booties
,
and
after
licence
giuen
if
they
giue
not
ouer
,
they
shall
fall
into
the
same
punishment
.
50
Item
whosoeuer
seeing
the
ensigne
,
vnder
the
which
he
warreth
in
fraies
or
fight
,
by
chance
be
fallen
in
the
hands
of
the
enemies
,
if
he
be
there
present
,
and
doe
not
his
indeuour
to
recouer
it
,
and
when
it
is
cowardly
lost
,
to
punish
the
souldiers
which
haue
suffered
it
to
be
cowardly
lost
,
with
death
.
51
Item
,
he
that
shall
flée
from
the
battaile
,
being
in
the
face
and
front
of
the
enemies
,
or
shall
go
slowly
and
slackly
to
ioyne
,
and
a
front
with
them
,
in
case
it
be
to
fight
a
field
battaile
,
or
in
anie
skirmish
what
soeuer
,
shal
be
punished
with
death
.
52
Item
he
that
shall
faine
himselfe
sick
,
to
auoid
the
fighting
of
the
enemie
,
or
because
he
would
not
goe
to
anie
other
enterprise
to
vse
his
handes
,
but
(
I
meane
)
there
for
to
rob
,
for
to
such
affaires
they
will
be
ready
inough
,
shal
be
cruelly
punished
.
53
Item
whosoeuer
seeing
his
generall
,
or
his
captaine
,
or
other
coronell
,
and
officer
of
the
campe
,
in
the
hand
of
the
enemies
,
and
succoureth
him
not
with
all
his
power
,
and
may
doe
●…t
,
not
respecting
any
danger
,
shall
suffer
death
.
45
Item
he
that
shall
rob
or
spoile
the
people
of
the
countri●…
or
subiectes
or
vassels
of
the
prince
〈◊〉
s●…rueth
,
shall
die
.
55
Item
he
that
by
theft
should
sceale
or
rob
the
armor
,
weapons
,
or
horses
,
or
other
thing
from
anie
other
,
seruing
against
the
enemies
,
shall
die
.
56
Item
hee
that
should
ransome
or
taxe
,
or
otherwise
misvse
the
people
of
the
countrie
,
except
they
should
be
enemies
or
rebels
to
the
prince
,
shal
be
greatly
punished
.
57
Item
he
that
shall
play
at
any
game
for
his
armor
,
weapons
or
horses
,
which
are
written
vpon
the
roll
,
or
through
his
negligence
shall
lose
them
,
or
lend
,
giue
away
,
or
lay
them
to
pawne
,
let
him
die
.
58
Item
he
that
goeth
further
then
two
hundreth
steppes
or
paces
from
his
quarter
,
without
licence
of
his
captain
,
specially
when
the
campe
looketh
or
staieth
to
be
assaulted
by
the
enemies
,
except
he
should
be
sent
for
by
his
heades
,
shal
be
punished
with
death
.
59
Item
he
that
shall
goe
longer
then
the
houre
appointed
in
the
night
abroad
,
in
the
campe
wandring
,
except
hee
should
be
sent
by
his
superiours
for
a
matter
of
weight
,
from
head
captain
to
head
captaine
,
by
a
counter-token
,
shall
be
cruelly
punished
.
60
Item
he
that
shall
lodge
strangers
,
whether
he
be
of
the
campe
or
not
,
without
licence
of
the
generall
or
of
his
captaine
,
either
in
his
lodging
or
vnder
a
tent
,
except
he
be
of
his
chamber
or
squadron
,
or
by
the
captaine
appointed
for
seruice
forth
of
the
campe
,
shall
be
punished
.
But
euerie
one
ought
to
be
in
the
night
with
their
Camerads
and
chamber-fellowes
,
and
not
to
be
deuided
from
their
lodgings
,
that
occasion
seruing
,
they
may
be
ready
with
their
weapons
in
their
handes
:
neither
ought
they
to
lodge
watch
,
or
scouts
,
or
of
the
search
:
for
that
the
spies
hauing
no
lodging
,
any
excuse
being
found
out
,
may
the
better
be
apprehended
.
Also
if
the
scout-watch
be
taken
from
their
quarter
,
faining
to
be
a
souldier
of
the
campe
when
they
are
to
spie
in
the
night
:
they
for
so
offending
shal
be
cruelly
punished
with
death
.
61
Item
whosoeuer
shall
make
anie
wordes
,
déedes
,
or
questions
in
the
ward
,
or
in
an
ambush
,
or
in
other
place
,
where
respect
and
silence
is
néedfull
,
shal
be
punished
.
62
Item
he
that
should
be
reuenged
of
anie
iniurie
receiued
,
either
newly
or
before-time
done
,
by
an
indirect
way
:
that
is
,
traiterously
and
not
by
way
of
reason
,
or
by
way
of
combate
,
bodie
to
bodie
,
by
the
licence
of
his
Generall
,
shall
suffer
death
.
63
Item
he
that
should
dare
be
so
bold
as
to
play
with
false
cardes
and
dice
,
or
should
vse
in
play
anie
priuy
falshood
,
theft
or
deceit
in
any
wise
,
shal
be
punished
.
64
Item
he
that
of
presumption
should
passe
out
of
his
place
into
another
,
either
before
the
battell
or
in
marching
,
should
out
of
order
make
hast
to
go
before
,
to
be
the
first
that
should
come
to
the
lodging
of
the
campe
,
or
in
marching
should
goe
out
of
his
rancke
from
one
battaile
to
an
other
,
or
he
that
doth
not
obserue
the
order
of
marching
,
shall
die
.
65
Item
he
that
shall
taske
or
ransom
vpon
his
host
or
lodger
,
or
vpon
any
other
that
is
not
his
lawfull
prisoner
by
good
order
of
warre
,
and
that
he
is
lawfully
taken
,
the
ransome
excell
not
the
articles
of
agréement
,
that
there
be
a
iust
ransome
set
,
vpon
paine
of
punishment
.
66
Item
he
that
shall
enter
in
,
or
goe
forth
by
any
other
gate
,
stréete
or
way
,
then
that
which
shal
be
accustomed
,
into
the
citie
,
pales
,
or
list
or
fort
,
where
the
campe
is
lodged
,
that
is
going
ouer
the
walles
,
or
vnder
some
breach
,
and
not
by
the
ordinarie
gate
,
let
him
fall
into
the
paine
of
death
.
67
Item
whosoeuer
doth
not
immediately
retire
,
when
hee
shall
heare
the
trumpet
or
drum
,
sound
the
retreat
,
either
of
a
set
battaile
,
or
of
a
skirmishe
or
batterie
,
or
of
anie
other
fight
,
or
should
goe
in
or
come
forth
of
the
citie
,
when
the
assault
is
giuen
to
the
walles
thereof
,
shall
die
.
68
Item
he
that
speaketh
,
or
calleth
,
or
crieth
aloud
,
amongst
the
ordinance
,
or
in
the
battaile
,
or
in
anie
place
where
silence
néedeth
,
except
he
were
a
head
,
or
other
officer
,
or
sergeant
,
commanding
some
new
order
,
shall
die
.
69
Item
hee
that
shall
commit
anie
thing
whatsoeuer
it
be
,
whereby
it
may
be
coniectured
,
that
it
is
against
the
prince
,
and
domageable
to
the
generall
and
the
campe
,
shall
die
.
70
Item
drums
and
fifes
must
oft
sound
and
exercise
their
instrumentes
,
warning
as
the
mouth
of
man
,
to
all
pointes
of
seruice
:
so
must
souldiers
diligently
learne
and
obserue
the
meaning
of
the
same
,
that
none
plead
ignorance
,
and
neglecting
their
dueties
to
seruice
appertaining
.
Also
sometimes
they
shall
receiue
from
the
higher
officers
or
captaines
,
secret
commandementes
by
word
of
mouth
,
the
which
must
withall
diligence
be
obserued
and
truely
executed
vpon
the
losse
of
their
liues
.
71
Item
no
man
in
their
marching
through
what
place
soeuer
they
shall
passe
,
shall
set
any
thing
on
fire
,
no
not
their
cabbins
and
i●…camped
place
at
their
departing
,
without
commandement
from
the
chief
general
,
vpon
the
pasue
of
the
losse
of
their
liues
.
72
Item
i●…
at
any
time
,
any
man
shal
in
the
time
of
his
drunkennesse
quarrell
and
fight
with
his
fellowe
,
and
in
so
doing
,
chance
to
kill
him
,
he
shall
in
so
doing
receiue
as
great
punishment
by
death
,
as
if
he
had
bene
sober
.
73
Item
if
any
souldier
doe
drink
himself
drunke
,
or
be
found
drunke
,
within
the
compasse
of
the
day
and
night
of
his
watch
,
and
specially
if
he
be
vnable
to
stand
in
Sentinel
,
or
do
his
duetie
,
such
a
one
must
be
most
seuerely
punished
.
74
Item
note
that
souldiers
shall
sweare
at
their
first
entring
into
seruice
that
they
will
faithfully
and
truely
serue
their
captaine
for
sixe
monethes
togither
,
and
when
the
sixe
moneths
are
expired
,
they
shall
sweare
to
serue
him
sixe
monethes
more
,
if
he
reed
them
:
And
if
the
captaine
needeth
them
not
so
long
,
but
mindes
to
discharge
his
band
,
the
captaine
shall
allow
ech
of
them
halfe
a
monethes
wages
at
his
departing
,
and
so
discharge
them
.
75
Item
there
shall
no
man
make
anie
showt
,
or
other
stirring
noise
in
anie
corner
or
open
place
of
Citie
,
Town
,
Castle
,
Fort
,
or
Campe
,
whereby
any
danger
or
inconuenience
may
grow
vnto
the
companie
any
maner
of
wayes
,
on
paine
of
the
losse
of
his
life
.
76
Item
he
that
shall
disclose
the
watch-word
to
enemie
or
friendes
,
except
it
be
to
such
a
one
as
hee
shall
be
appointed
by
his
gouernor
:
or
shall
be
found
a
sléepe
in
the
watche
,
scout
,
or
ward
,
shal
be
punished
with
death
.
77
Item
if
any
captaine
for
corruption
sake
,
shal
giue
licence
to
his
own
souldier
,
or
to
any
other
souldier
without
the
licence
of
the
Generall
to
depart
the
campe
,
shall
receiue
the
same
punishment
that
the
souldier
should
receiue
.
78
Item
that
no
souldier
should
goe
out
of
the
campe
in
the
night
time
without
the
watch-word
,
in
danger
of
his
life
,
for
if
he
be
slaine
so
by
the
watche
,
there
is
no
blame
to
be
laid
vpon
them
that
kill
him
.
79
Item
there
shall
no
souldier
go
out
of
the
campe
without
his
armor
and
other
weapons
,
vpon
the
paine
of
the
losse
of
his
life
.
80
Item
euerie
captaine
shal
be
sworne
,
that
he
shall
charge
euery
corporall
vpon
his
oth
,
that
he
shall
denounce
euery
souldier
that
is
vnder
his
charge
,
and
that
is
not
able
and
meete
to
serue
.
81
Item
in
like
case
if
the
said
corporall
shall
receiue
an●…e
new
or
strange
souldier
into
his
band
▪
his
part
and
dutie
is
,
that
he
giue
vnto
the
higher
captaine
knowledge
thereof
.
82
Item
no
man
of
what
condition
soeuer
he
be
,
shall
●…
so
bold
as
to
conuey
away
anie
offender
vpon
the
paine
of
the
losse
of
his
life
.
83
Item
that
euerie
souldier
shall
haue
vpon
his
outermost
garment
some
special
signe
or
taken
,
wherby
he
may
be
known
,
such
a
one
as
the
higher
captaines
shall
agree
vpon
.
As
for
example
,
he
shall
haue
vpon
his
garment
a
red
crosse
,
and
vpon
his
armour
,
a
red
lace
or
such
like
,
whereby
he
may
the
better
be
knowne
of
his
fellowes
:
and
if
there
be
anie
shall
be
sound
without
the
said
signes
and
tokens
,
he
shal
be
vsed
as
an
aduersarie
,
or
enemy
.
84
Item
that
all
souldiers
,
entring
into
battaile
,
assault
,
skirmish
,
or
other
faction
of
armes
,
shall
haue
for
their
common
crie
and
word
,
S.
George
,
S.
George
,
forward
or
vpon
them
,
S.
George
,
wherby
the
souldier
is
much
comforted
,
and
the
enemy
dismaied
,
by
calling
to
minde
the
ancient
vale●…
of
England
,
which
with
that
name
hath
bin
so
often
victorious
,
and
therfore
he
that
vpon
any
si●…ster
zeale
,
shall
maliciously
omit
so
fortunate
a
name
,
shal
be
seuerely
punished
for
his
obs●…ate
erronious
heart
,
and
peruerse
mind
.
85
Item
if
anie
Captaine
or
other
Officers
shall
procure
sk●…mishe
,
or
●…ight
the
battaile
without
commaundement
from
the
higher
Officers
,
for
so
offending
,
they
shall
〈◊〉
death
.
86
Item
if
that
anie
number
of
Souldiers
be
commaunded
,
and
placed
by
the
head
Captaines
,
to
defend
or
keepe
anie
Citie
.
Tower
,
Castle
or
Fort
,
or
anie
other
place
,
and
they
beeing
sharpely
assaulted
by
the
enemie
,
once
,
〈◊〉
,
or
thrice
,
or
of●…ner
,
in
this
case
the
lawe
of
●…irmes
is
,
that
the
Lord
Generall
shall
allowe
,
and
pa●…e
vnto
such
a
number
of
souldiers
but
ordinarie
wages
:
neither
is
there
by
law
of
armes
any
thing
more
due
vnto
them
:
and
if
the
said
Castles
,
Towers
,
or
fortresse
,
shall
be
solde
or
be
betrayed
by
the
said
captaine
,
officers
,
or
souldiers
,
or
otherwise
yéelded
,
without
the
commandement
of
the
prince
,
or
at
the
appointment
of
the
generall
:
shall
be
as
false
traitors
vsed
.
87
Item
if
anie
Captaine
,
Lieutenant
,
Sergeant
,
Corporal
,
or
other
officer
,
or
souldiers
,
giue
into
the
hands
of
the
enemie
,
any
citie
,
fortresse
,
tower
,
or
place
of
defence
,
doth
incurre
,
as
I
haue
said
,
the
danger
of
death
,
if
hee
by
chance
be
not
more
then
constrained
to
deliuer
vp
the
same
,
or
that
it
is
like
a
man
of
valor
would
haue
done
so
:
and
therefore
they
ought
neuer
to
abandon
the
place
,
for
words
or
letters
of
the
enemie
,
neither
at
the
sight
of
the
inuironing
campe
:
for
it
is
not
lawfull
for
the
●…astellane
to
leaue
his
Castle
,
if
he
haue
victuals
,
men
,
and
munition
,
or
doth
hope
for
succors
.
Therefore
respect
is
to
be
had
,
which
must
be
holden
as
a
maxime
,
that
where
the
place
may
be
defended
by
assault
without
batterie
,
that
at
least
one
assault
is
to
be
abidden
,
and
mo
to
be
aspected
if
it
be
possible
:
and
if
it
can
suffer
batterie
,
they
must
abide
at
the
least
a
volee
of
Canons
:
and
if
the
place
be
so
weake
that
it
cannot
sustaine
,
neither
the
one
nor
the
other
,
and
that
it
be
farre
distant
from
succours
:
to
●…eeld
doth
merite
neither
punishment
of
the
prince
,
nor
of
the
enemie
:
but
otherwise
being
of
force
,
able
to
sustaine
the
enemies
furie
,
and
cowardly
or
traiterously
to
deliuer
the
same
,
merites
death
of
the
one
and
the
other
.
88
Item
if
there
be
anie
Citie
,
Castle
,
or
other
fort
,
yeelded
vp
by
the
enemie
,
without
expugnation
:
there
shall
no
man
be
so
bold
to
enter
into
the
said
place
,
to
spoile
or
otherwise
to
kill
or
do
any
outrage
,
without
leaue
of
the
generall
,
vpon
paine
of
the
losse
of
his
life
.
89
Item
there
shal
no
man
depart
out
from
the
precinct
of
the
campe
,
with
anie
bootie
or
spoile
,
without
leaue
of
the
chiefest
officers
or
head
captaine
,
vpon
the
paine
of
the
losse
of
his
life
.
90
Item
if
any
man
for
feare
forsaketh
the
place
appointed
him
to
fight
in
,
and
for
feare
throweth
downe
his
weapon
,
the
officers
or
souldiers
may
kill
him
without
anie
danger
.
91
Item
if
any
man
saying
that
he
hath
done
some
worthie
thing
in
fight
●…
be
proued
contrarie
,
shuld
be
punished
by
death
.
92
Item
if
a
Regiment
,
or
band
,
shall
by
mutinies
or
otherwise
incurre
the
lawes
of
the
field
,
it
is
requisite
and
necessary
,
for
that
all
shall
not
be
put
to
death
,
that
euerie
mans
name
be
taken
and
put
into
a
bagge
,
and
that
the
tenth
lot
should
be
executed
:
The
which
although
euerie
man
do
not
feele
,
yet
neuerthelesse
he
shall
feare
the
euent
.
93
Item
at
such
times
as
the
General
or
captain
doth
muster
,
traine
,
or
faine
any
battaile
,
skirmish
,
assault
,
or
other
warlike
encounter
,
if
anie
souldier
doth
either
negligently
or
wittingly
,
hurt
,
maime
,
or
kill
his
companion
with
powder
,
bullet
,
or
meanes
so
euer
,
such
a
one
shall
seuerely
,
and
exemplarly
be
puby
what
nished
accordingly
.
94
Item
that
ech
corporal
,
and
other
officer
,
shal
haue
either
in
written
hand
or
print
,
these
martiall
lawes
,
and
this
booke
,
wherein
a
priuate
souldier
is
instructed
,
bought
and
prouided
at
the
charges
of
the
whole
squadron
out
of
their
paie
,
to
the
end
that
it
being
continually
repeated
to
the
souldiers
,
no
man
may
plead
ignorance
,
but
receiue
condigne
punishment
according
to
his
offence
.
95
Item
that
euery
captain
,
lieutenant
,
ensigne-bearer
,
sergeant
or
corporall
,
so
often
as
their
bands
,
squadrons
,
and
souldiers
enter
into
ward
,
shall
appoint
the
clarke
of
the
band
or
some
one
that
can
read
,
once
in
the
day
or
in
the
night
,
to
read
vnto
the
companie
(
that
must
attentiuely
giue
eare
)
not
only
these
martiall
lawes
heere
set
downe
,
but
also
all
the
course
of
my
directions
belonging
to
a
priuate
souldier
,
Corporall
,
&c
▪
contained
in
this
booke
,
for
their
instructions
,
vnder
paine
of
open
punishment
by
the
Generall
,
or
Marshall
.
96
Item
that
the
foresaid
officers
after
one
twelue
monethes
seruice
,
wherein
the
souldier
hath
had
sufficient
experience
,
&
is
inured
in
these
preceptes
and
directions
,
they
shall
euen
as
the
schoolemaister
doth
the
children
,
call
euery
one
particularly
to
account
,
&
examine
them
seuerely
heerein
,
and
to
esteeme
those
for
old
and
perfect
souldiers
,
that
know
these
lawes
and
their
dutie
by
heart
,
and
at
their
fingers
endes
,
and
the
rest
Bisonians
and
fresh-water
souldiers
,
that
are
ignorant
,
although
they
haue
serued
seuen
yeares
,
yea
&
to
place
them
in
the
most
seruile
seruices
.
And
if
there
be
any
that
maliciously
or
disdainfully
persist
in
their
blunt
ignorance
,
either
to
disarme
them
,
and
discharge
them
,
or
else
to
punish
them
with
open
shame
and
infamie
.
97
Item
if
there
be
any
man
that
shall
infringe
,
and
not
maintaine
,
confirme
,
and
to
his
power
diligently
and
dutifully
kéepe
and
obserue
these
articles
aforesaid
,
such
shall
as
periured
persons
with
all
seueritie
be
punished
:
And
if
anie
souldier
or
souldiers
shall
offend
in
anie
maner
of
thing
that
doth
belong
and
appertaine
to
the
dutie
of
a
souldier
,
whereof
there
is
no
mention
made
in
these
articles
,
such
an
offender
shal
be
punished
at
the
discretion
of
the
Marshal
of
the
field
and
Generall
.
These
articles
must
be
openly
read
in
the
presence
of
the
chief
Captaines
,
by
the
notary
or
scribe
of
the
Court
,
and
after
that
they
be
read
,
the
oth
shall
be
ministred
vnto
euery
man
by
the
pretor
in
this
wise
,
or
the
like
wordes
,
to
the
same
end
and
purpose
:
speaking
vnto
the
whole
companie
,
and
saying
:
My
brethren
and
friends
,
that
are
héere
present
,
you
haue
heard
the
articles
of
our
soueraigne
,
containing
the
chiefe
and
principall
points
of
our
rights
and
lawes
of
the
field
,
and
of
the
oath
,
and
the
maner
thereof
,
which
euery
souldier
ought
to
take
.
All
you
therefore
that
do
meane
faithfully
and
valiantly
to
obserue
,
maintaine
,
fulfill
,
confirme
,
and
kéepe
the
foresaid
articles
,
let
him
heere
now
either
openly
refuse
to
be
a
souldier
,
or
with
me
hold
vp
his
finger
,
and
say
after
me
.
All
these
articles
which
haue
bene
openly
red
vnto
vs
,
we
hold
and
allow
as
sacred
and
good
,
and
those
will
we
truely
and
stoutly
confirme
,
fulfill
,
maintaine
,
and
kéepe
so
helpe
vs
God
,
and
his
deuine
word
,
Amen
.
These
articles
with
others
,
which
for
tediousnesse
I
omit
,
would
be
published
,
some
vpon
paine
of
death
,
some
with
greater
,
and
some
with
lesse
punishment
,
to
euerie
one
that
doth
offend
,
without
anie
remission
or
forgiuenesse
,
or
regard
of
bloud
,
degrée
,
kindred
,
or
friendship
:
specially
at
the
beginning
to
lie
in
campe
,
whereby
the
army
may
the
better
be
set
in
good
order
,
and
to
make
it
fearefull
of
God
,
of
iustice
,
and
of
the
Generall
,
with
loue
and
feare
.
The
execution
heereof
onely
appertaineth
to
the
Maister
of
the
Campe
,
for
the
hearing
,
ordering
,
and
determining
of
causes
of
iustice
vnder
the
Generall
,
as
the
Lieutenant
of
a
Citie
or
Towne
,
deputie
,
for
the
prince
.
For
the
maister
of
the
Campe
is
the
chief
of
the
orders
,
who
hath
place
in
the
field
in
many
things
as
principall
next
to
the
Generall
,
who
hath
the
chiefe
gouernment
in
pitching
the
campe
,
and
dislodging
.
Briefly
from
the
General
downward
,
it
is
the
greatest
charge
and
burden
that
is
in
the
armie
,
and
therfore
it
is
requisite
that
he
haue
good
knowledge
and
remembrance
of
all
the
orders
whereby
the
warres
is
to
be
gouerned
,
and
that
he
be
of
good
practise
and
experience
,
and
duly
obeyed
.
But
such
cases
as
are
capital
and
of
great
importance
,
should
be
heard
and
determined
by
the
Generall
and
his
iudges
:
It
sufficeth
that
God
is
the
knower
and
determiner
,
and
next
vnto
him
his
deputies
vpon
earth
:
who
failing
to
do
iustice
,
either
for
zeale
,
loue
,
or
hatred
,
shal
yéeld
account
thereof
before
the
diuine
iudge
,
and
this
law
cannot
be
auoided
by
vs
,
but
we
shal
be
cited
and
called
by
way
of
appeale
.
Briefe
notes
of
other
meane
offices
,
as
Drums
,
Fifes
,
Surgeans
,
and
the
Clarke
of
the
Band.
DRums
and
Fifes
must
be
chosen
of
able
qualities
and
personage
,
secret
and
ingenious
,
skilfull
in
the
sound
and
vsing
of
their
instruments
,
which
must
warne
as
the
mouth
of
a
man
to
all
intentes
of
seruice
,
diligent
in
times
conuenient
to
instrust
souldiers
in
the
same
,
that
none
by
ignorance
neglect
their
duties
.
These
be
oftentimes
sent
on
messages
,
importing
charge
,
which
of
necessitie
require
languages
,
sometimes
to
summon
or
command
the
enemies
to
render
,
sometimes
carrie
ransomes
,
or
redeeme
,
or
conduct
prisoners
.
Many
other
thinges
to
them
do
appertaine
,
as
before
is
rehearsed
,
&c.
A
chyrurgion
is
necessary
to
be
had
in
euerie
band
,
who
ought
to
be
an
honest
man
,
sober
,
and
of
good
counsell
,
skill
in
his
science
,
able
to
heale
and
cure
all
kind
of
sores
,
wounds
,
&
griefes
:
to
take
a
bullet
out
of
the
flesh
and
bone
,
and
to
slake
the
fire
of
the
same
,
and
that
he
haue
all
his
tooles
and
instrumentes
with
other
necessarie
stuffe
,
as
oyles
,
balmes
,
salues
,
step●…es
,
roulers
,
bolsters
,
splenters
,
and
all
other
things
to
the
science
belonging
,
which
also
ought
to
haue
courage
for
his
patient
,
and
allowed
stuffe
,
he
shall
readily
imploy
his
industrie
vpon
the
so●…e
and
wounded
,
and
not
intermedling
with
others
,
to
his
own
charge
noisome
.
Such
be
placed
with
the
ensigne
,
and
lodged
neere
to
the
captaine
,
and
neere
their
bal●…rickes
in
time
of
fight
,
which
by
law
of
the
field
is
their
charter
.
The
Clarke
of
a
band
would
be
a
man
chosen
of
a
discréete
behauiour
,
such
a
one
as
hath
the
vse
of
his
penne
and
skilfull
in
Arithmaticke
,
who
must
haue
a
booke
in
the
which
hee
must
write
all
the
names
of
the
souldiers
appertaining
to
the
band
,
diuiding
euerie
weapon
by
themselues
,
that
they
may
be
the
redier
to
be
mustred
,
&
otherwise
to
be
placed
in
order
of
march
,
at
watch
and
ward
the
clarke
must
be
attentiue
with
his
booke
to
call
euery
mans
name
,
to
sée
who
is
absent
,
and
that
certificate
thereof
be
made
vnto
the
captaine
,
who
must
as
before
is
rehearsed
,
without
sicknesse
or
some
licence
of
the
head
officers
see
him
or
them
punished
to
the
example
of
all
others
.
He
must
sometimes
in
the
watch
and
ward
,
read
vnto
the
souldiers
,
the
Militarie
lawes
and
directions
,
causing
first
a
solemne
silence
to
be
made
,
and
then
proceede
in
reading
,
examining
,
and
conferring
with
euerie
particular
and
common
souldier
,
touching
his
memorie
of
these
thinges
,
for
his
full
instruction
.
Also
the
Clarke
is
to
take
charge
of
the
captaines
munition
,
who
seeing
it
deliuered
vnto
the
souldiers
,
must
take
note
how
much
is
deliuered
,
vnto
whom
,
and
what
daie
of
the
moneth
it
is
deliuered
,
with
the
prise
.
Likewise
he
must
repayre
to
the
Clarke
of
the
victuals
,
and
by
the
Captains
warrant
receiue
such
bread
,
beere
,
and
other
victuals
,
as
is
to
be
had
,
and
to
deliuer
it
to
those
that
shal
be
thought
by
the
Captaine
to
be
of
credite
,
to
victuall
the
band
by
the
princes
price
,
and
to
take
tickates
of
them
as
well
for
that
it
is
deliuered
vnto
them
,
as
what
they
doe
deliuer
vnto
souldiers
.
Also
he
must
in
the
captaines
name
and
by
his
warrant
repaire
vnto
the
merchantes
and
other
artificers
,
and
take
such
wares
as
the
officers
and
souldiers
haue
need
of
,
who
must
at
the
paie
daie
by
the
Captaine
be
answered
.
Also
prouided
that
the
victualler
alloweth
but
the
Souldier
six
pence
a
daie
,
the
ouerplus
goeth
to
their
paiment
of
furniture
and
apparell
.
The
Clarke
must
oft
peruse
the
tickates
to
see
that
no
more
be
deliuered
them
their
wages
come
to
,
that
the
captains
therby
receiue
no
losse
.
The
clark
ought
to
inquire
when
any
be
departed
this
world
,
also
when
any
be
slaine
,
and
discharged
the
band
,
and
to
make
a
iust
note
thereof
,
wherby
certificate
may
be
made
to
the
muster
master
,
that
the
Prince
in
no
wayes
may
be
hindered
,
neither
the
Captaines
by
the
victuallers
receiue
any
detriment
or
losse
.
Finally
,
he
must
vpon
the
report
of
the
Corporals
or
other
officers
,
finde
and
procure
of
the
Captaines
,
reliefe
for
the
sicke
and
wounded
souldiers
and
prisoners
,
which
ought
to
be
redeemed
out
of
the
enimies
hand
.
The
Prelates
charge
that
takes
care
of
souldiers
of
the
Band.
TO
knit
vp
this
first
discourse
of
Militarie
directions
,
and
martiall
lawes
,
special
care
must
be
had
to
prouide
one
man
amongst
the
many
scores
of
souldiers
,
that
may
gouerne
and
direct
in
spiritual
causes
,
who
ought
to
be
wise
,
learned
,
honest
,
sober
,
patient
,
and
of
exemplare
life
:
who
must
offer
vp
dayly
sacrifice
of
thankes
for
his
whole
companie
,
must
instruct
them
to
be
penitent
,
confessant
,
and
restore
to
euerie
man
his
right
:
to
communicate
in
Catholike
and
Christian
manner
,
so
often
as
they
can
,
chiefly
at
speciall
times
appointed
by
the
Church
,
and
before
any
dangerous
attempt
,
to
feede
them
with
holesome
foode
of
learned
instructions
,
wherein
they
may
learne
how
to
liue
,
and
so
consequently
to
teach
their
companies
their
dueties
towards
God
and
their
Prince
,
and
to
giue
ghostly
counsel
and
spirituall
reliefe
vnto
the
sicke
,
wounded
,
weake
in
bodie
or
in
conscience
,
and
that
such
be
well
armed
with
spirituall
armour
,
that
is
,
with
good
knowledge
and
good
liuing
,
readie
to
perswade
them
manfully
to
withstand
their
enimies
,
the
flesh
,
the
diuel
,
the
world
and
desperation
,
putting
them
in
sure
hope
through
the
equitie
of
their
cause
,
their
conformitie
to
the
church
,
and
their
firme
faith
in
our
sauiour
Iesus
Christ
,
to
enter
into
the
campe
of
euerlasting
life
,
where
they
shall
ride
amongst
the
souldiers
on
white
horses
,
clothed
in
white
and
pure
silke
,
crowned
with
bright
triumphant
garlands
,
as
the
scriptures
do
witnesse
.
This
and
such
like
belongs
vnto
such
personages
as
take
care
of
the
souldiers
in
a
warlike
band
.
Now
then
to
conclude
,
&
to
make
an
end
of
my
first
discourse
,
I
would
wish
all
valiant
minded
souldiers
,
carefully
to
carrie
in
mind
those
precepts
which
are
proper
and
due
vnto
a
priuate
souldier
,
which
I
partly
haue
collected
and
set
downe
in
this
short
pamphlet
,
that
when
he
shal
be
called
vnto
a
hyer
office
,
he
may
deseruedly
ascend
the
third
steppe
of
martiall
office
,
and
so
by
degrées
rise
to
the
height
of
supreme
gouernment
.
How
pikes
are
to
be
carried
in
aray
,
march
,
or
battaile
.
THose
that
are
appointed
to
carrie
pikes
in
aray
of
rankes
or
battell
,
must
know
that
pikes
amongst
all
other
weapons
that
belongs
to
souldiers
,
is
of
greatest
honor
and
credite
:
and
truely
,
whosoeuer
doth
carie
and
manage
the
same
weapon
wel
and
with
good
grace
,
doth
make
a
verie
beautifull
and
pleasant
shew
to
the
beholders
,
and
chiefly
when
it
is
caried
vpon
the
shoulder
,
sustained
and
supported
with
a
good
grace
,
and
the
hand
that
doth
sustaine
it
be
on
that
side
the
shoulder
where
it
is
placed
,
and
with
il
Gombedo
alto
.
They
must
likewise
be
aduertised
which
march
in
the
formost
ranckes
,
if
they
be
vpon
the
right
side
,
to
hold
their
pikes
continually
in
marching
in
the
right
hand
,
and
vpon
the
right
shoulder
without
euer
changing
it
:
and
so
likewise
being
vpon
the
left
side
of
the
ranck
,
to
hold
it
alwayes
vpon
the
left
shoulder
:
those
that
be
in
the
midst
of
the
ranckes
haue
libertie
to
vse
that
side
that
is
best
for
their
commoditie
,
either
vpon
the
right
or
left
hand
,
and
to
moue
their
pikes
from
shoulder
to
shoulder
at
their
choise
and
pleasure
:
It
is
true
that
the
iust
carying
of
the
pike
of
those
that
march
in
the
midst
of
the
ranckes
,
is
to
hold
it
vpon
the
left
shoulder
,
&
to
carie
their
right
hand
behind
vpon
their
dagger
,
or
vpon
their
side
,
and
so
generally
all
,
as
well
they
that
be
in
the
midst
,
as
those
that
be
in
the
head
of
the
ranckes
are
to
obserue
this
order
,
to
carie
that
hand
which
is
at
libertie
behind
them
,
or
vpon
their
sides
.
Let
him
march
then
with
a
good
grace
,
holding
vp
his
head
galantly
,
his
pace
full
of
grauitie
and
state
,
and
such
as
is
fit
for
his
person
,
and
let
his
bodie
be
straight
and
as
much
vpright
as
is
possible
,
and
that
which
most
imports
,
is
that
they
haue
alwayes
their
eyes
vpon
their
companions
which
are
in
rancke
with
them
,
and
before
them
,
going
iust
one
with
the
other
,
&
kéeping
perfite
distance
without
committing
error
in
the
least
pace
or
step
,
and
euerie
pace
and
motion
with
one
accord
and
consent
,
they
ought
to
make
at
one
instant
time
.
And
in
this
sort
all
the
ranckes
entyrely
are
to
go
,
sometimes
softly
,
sometimes
fast
,
according
to
the
stroke
of
the
drum
.
The
héele
and
tippe
of
their
pikes
would
be
equally
holden
,
both
of
length
and
height
,
as
néere
as
is
possible
,
to
auoid
that
they
fall
not
out
to
be
by
bearing
them
otherwise
,
like
vnto
Organ
pipes
,
some
long
,
some
short
.
The
measure
&
proportion
thereof
,
to
hold
the
héele
of
the
pike
is
this
.
It
is
necessarie
for
him
to
haue
an
eye
to
the
rancke
that
doth
march
before
him
,
and
so
carrie
the
butte
end
or
héele
of
his
pike
,
that
it
may
be
iust
ouer
against
the
ioynt
of
the
ham
of
the
souldier
,
that
in
march
shall
be
straight
before
him
:
and
so
euerie
one
from
hand
to
hand
must
obserue
the
proportion
of
that
height
,
that
is
right
behind
vpon
the
ioynt
of
the
knée
,
for
by
doing
so
they
cannot
commit
errour
,
carying
in
their
march
that
legge
that
is
vnder
that
arme
that
sustaines
and
carries
the
pike
of
iust
and
euen
proportion
,
by
mouing
their
pace
right
vnder
the
staffe
of
the
pike
,
going
in
their
march
,
as
I
haue
said
before
,
iust
and
euen
,
with
a
galant
,
stately
,
and
sumpteous
pace
:
for
by
doing
so
,
they
shal
be
estéemed
,
honored
,
a●…d
commended
of
the
lookers
on
,
who
shall
take
wonderfull
delight
to
behold
them
march
in
that
order
.
THE
SECOND
BOOK
OF
MILITARIE
DIRECTIONS
,
WHEREIN
IS
SET
DOWNE
THE
office
of
a
Sergeant
,
Ensigne
bearer
,
Lieutenant
,
and
the
Gentlemen
of
a
band
,
how
to
traine
,
skirmish
,
and
discouer
.
And
first
,
the
Office
of
the
Sergeant
of
a
Band.
SInce
euerie
officer
through
his
continuall
exercise
and
dayly
diligence
in
executing
his
charge
,
doth
attaine
vnto
perfite
experience
by
dayly
practise
,
which
is
as
it
were
conuerted
into
nature
:
therefore
he
which
determines
with
himselfe
to
be
accounted
sufficient
and
of
abilitie
,
to
discharge
the
place
of
a
good
Sergeant
of
a
band
,
with
a
forward
intent
to
learne
and
bée
thorowly
instructed
,
ought
first
to
be
a
souldier
that
hath
séene
much
,
and
a
Corporall
of
good
experience
,
according
to
the
direrections
of
my
first
booke
:
In
which
two
roomes
it
is
verie
conuenient
,
that
he
haue
tasted
and
bene
present
at
great
diuersitie
of
seruice
,
&
warlike
enterprises
,
and
to
carrie
a
resolute
mind
to
delight
in
the
exercise
of
this
office
,
to
the
end
he
be
not
found
therin
irresolute
and
ignorant
:
and
that
likewise
he
faile
not
in
the
readie
performing
of
any
enterprise
,
when
martiall
affaires
do
call
him
forth
to
put
the
same
in
execution
.
First
of
all
it
is
verie
requisite
that
he
haue
most
perfitely
in
memorie
,
the
number
of
all
the
souldiers
of
the
band
,
and
distinctly
with
what
weapons
they
are
armed
,
what
quantitie
of
Cors●…ets
and
pikes
,
how
many
armed
and
disarmed
carrie
short
weapons
,
what
number
of
hargabusiers
with
murrians
and
without
,
how
many
musket-eares
,
how
many
light
armed
pikes
and
targets
of
proofe
,
that
the
better
&
more
redily
vpon
a
sodaine
,
he
may
put
the
company
in
order
.
He
must
euer
plant
the
best
armed
in
places
most
necessarie
,
as
at
the
front
and
backe
,
the
right
and
left
side
of
a
square
.
The
first
ranck
in
ordinarie
long
marching
,
the
targets
of
proofe
must
go
in
as
a
readie
rouer
and
bulwarke
against
the
enimies
shot
:
next
to
them
the
musketyres
,
then
the
hargabuziers
,
and
after
them
the
armed
&
light
armed
pykes
:
amidst
whose
ranckes
he
must
at
al
times
place
the
Ensigne
,
garded
with
halberds
or
bils
▪
&
then
againe
the
light
armed
and
armed
pikes
,
hargabuse
and
musket-eares
,
and
last
of
all
targets
of
proofe
:
by
this
equalitie
of
deuision
,
the
whole
band
at
one
instant
shal
be
readie
to
receiue
any
suddain
surprise
of
the
enimy
.
The
sergeant
carrying
these
things
in
his
mind
,
hauing
laid
a
distinct
plat
,
he
may
verie
easily
varie
their
forme
and
order
as
he
shall
be
appointed
,
and
as
the
situation
of
the
place
doth
require
,
or
the
accidents
of
warre
do
constraine
.
He
must
neuer
worke
vnwarily
,
or
at
al
aduentures
,
and
tending
to
no
determined
purpose
,
as
those
that
doe
not
remember
the
perfite
rules
and
reckonings
of
their
office
,
whereof
there
be
now
adayes
ouer
many
,
for
when
it
is
necessarie
for
them
to
alter
their
order
,
and
that
perforce
they
must
quite
change
the
forme
and
fashion
that
then
they
obserue
,
they
know
not
which
way
to
begin
.
Therefore
to
the
end
his
order
and
ranckes
may
be
to
the
purpose
duely
and
directly
changed
,
and
with
facilitie
disposed
:
let
him
euer
disseuer
and
deuide
one
part
of
his
weapons
from
another
,
causing
euery
one
to
turne
and
enter
into
their
ranckes
and
order
by
themselues
,
so
shall
he
procéed
in
taking
away
,
setting
forward
,
and
intermixing
one
sort
of
rancks
within
another
very
orderly
.
And
thereby
the
ful
proportion
of
his
band
shal
be
framed
,
as
he
hath
determined
,
or
as
it
is
deuised
by
him
that
commands
,
either
in
marching
forward
and
backward
,
or
in
turning
without
disorder
,
by
3.
5.
7.
or
9.
in
a
ranck
,
as
the
Lieutenant
,
Captaine
,
or
Sergeant
Maior
appoints
.
He
ought
euer
to
beware
that
in
ordering
the
rancks
,
and
appointing
the
souldiers
their
places
,
that
they
begin
not
to
make
debate
or
stomake
one
another
for
dignitie
of
place
,
the
which
doth
oftentimes
fal
out
to
their
great
anoy
and
domage
,
and
the
officers
tedious
toile
,
for
in
enterprises
of
great
importance
,
euen
in
the
presence
of
the
inuading
enimy
,
some
vaine
glorious
fellowes
are
accustomed
to
striue
for
the
chiefest
places
:
the
which
roomes
by
all
reason
&
of
duetie
appertaine
to
the
best
armed
,
and
not
to
any
others
,
whose
vnrewly
rashnes
may
be
the
ruine
of
the
whole
band
.
Therefore
fit
and
conuenient
places
are
to
be
obserued
with
humilitie
,
the
naked
in
their
places
,
and
the
armed
in
theirs
:
but
to
touch
one
point
which
we
haue
alredie
spoken
of
,
I
iudge
it
most
conuenient
that
the
armed
(
those
for
skirmish
excepted
)
must
remaine
in
Maine
stands
and
battailes
,
as
some
say
,
so
abide
by
the
stake
,
who
ought
to
be
so
wel
armed
as
they
may
beare
and
support
the
blowes
of
their
enimies
,
and
resist
any
furious
charge
,
either
of
horsemen
or
sootemen
.
Whereas
besides
their
well
ordered
ranckes
,
by
reason
they
be
armed
they
make
a
more
galant
shew
:
giuing
courage
to
thy
owne
people
,
and
discourage
to
the
enimie
,
and
in
proofe
are
more
profitable
then
the
disarmed
,
who
remaining
in
their
roomes
,
the
contrarie
succéeds
.
The
Sergeant
of
the
companie
must
haue
speciall
regard
when
victuals
cannot
be
had
for
money
,
by
forage
or
otherwise
,
to
make
repaire
togither
with
the
clarke
of
the
band
,
to
the
principal
munitions
,
that
his
companie
●…ast
not
of
famine
:
and
from
thence
procure
to
haue
so
much
as
he
wel
can
,
or
as
is
conuenient
,
and
according
to
his
receiued
order
,
so
must
he
depart
and
distribute
all
manner
of
munitions
amongst
the
Corporals
,
that
euerie
one
of
them
may
giue
to
their
souldier
their
portion
.
The
like
ought
he
to
vse
,
touching
powder
for
the
Hargabusyres
and
Musketyres
,
lead
for
bullets
,
match
for
them
to
burne
,
and
ech
thing
else
whereof
they
haue
néede
,
to
the
end
they
may
alwayes
remaine
in
order
,
and
be
verie
well
prouided
and
stored
,
as
néere
as
is
possible
,
&
as
is
most
conuenient
and
to
perswade
the
souldier
that
to
gaine
a
place
of
more
account
,
he
will
spare
his
pay
to
arme
himselfe
the
more
brauely
.
He
must
likewise
haue
diligent
eye
,
that
the
said
munition
of
match
&
powder
be
conserued
warily
from
wetting
,
and
kept
with
a
speciall
spare
from
vntimely
spending
:
for
this
prouident
precept
doth
import
verie
much
in
all
enterprises
,
by
reason
that
the
negligence
of
the
Sergeant
,
touching
this
necessarie
foresight
&
care
,
hath
bene
the
cause
that
the
shot
haue
not
bene
able
readily
to
performe
their
duties
according
to
the
appointed
determinations
,
or
as
necessitie
did
require
,
by
reason
of
their
vnwarie
kéeping
their
munition
in
wet
weather
,
or
their
generall
want
through
vain
mispence
,
by
which
meanes
many
&
most
notable
●…rrors
haue
succéeded
of
great
losse
and
moment
,
&
to
the
hinderance
,
shame
,
and
totall
ruine
of
a
whole
companie
or
campe
.
Therfore
it
is
most
expedient
that
the
Sergeant
,
togither
with
the
seuerall
corporals
,
do
diligently
and
narrowly
examine
,
visite
,
search
,
and
view
the
proper
flaskes
,
tutch-boxes
,
pockets
,
&
other
places
where
the
souldiers
are
accustomed
to
carie
&
kéepe
their
powder
and
match
,
and
peruse
diligently
all
those
things
without
negligence
,
faining
,
or
fauouring
:
diuers
haue
receiued
great
ignomie
&
shame
in
their
office
,
for
want
of
the
performance
thereof
:
wheras
by
carying
a
contrary
care
,
they
haue
bene
vniuersally
wel
thought
of
,
and
commended
of
al
good
souldiers
and
valiant
Captaines
.
Therefore
as
occasion
doth
serue
and
offer
,
he
may
admonish
,
put
in
minde
,
and
reprehend
with
dexteritie
the
souldiers
vnder
his
charge
and
guiding
.
To
him
it
appertaines
to
lay
his
helping
hand
about
al
things
necessarie
for
his
companie
,
as
well
in
prouiding
for
them
,
as
dispencing
,
or
deferring
necessarie
charges
,
except
for
the
prouision
and
deuiding
of
lodgings
,
which
is
the
office
of
the
Furrier
or
Harbinger
,
who
ought
to
be
very
tractable
,
diligent
,
&
altogither
officious
,
not
being
partial
to
any
one
for
peculiar
profite
or
pleasure
,
and
therfore
it
is
necessarie
a
Sergeant
should
know
how
to
write
,
for
it
is
hard
by
memorie
to
discharge
his
charge
.
The
Sergeant
must
be
careful
to
accompanie
,
at
the
houre
appointed
,
the
guard
to
the
place
of
the
watch
,
in
going
vp
and
downe
alongst
their
stanckes
when
he
hath
placed
them
in
order
,
to
sée
them
kéepe
due
distance
,
make
the
Laumband
,
march
in
straight
line
,
with
their
ranckes
carrie
their
armes
in
conformable
proportion
:
and
if
vpon
pleasure
they
giue
a
volée
of
shot
in
passing
,
to
aduertise
them
to
doe
it
orderly
with
due
forme
,
one
rancke
after
another
,
as
they
passe
ouer
against
the
Generall
,
or
other
great
officer
or
personage
,
and
not
in
a
confused
sort
altogither
,
or
by
péeces
.
When
he
is
arriued
at
the
Corps
of
gard
,
and
hath
placed
euery
one
in
order
,
and
prouided
for
all
things
necessarie
for
the
watch
of
that
night
,
he
must
then
giue
his
aduise
and
counsell
to
the
Corporals
,
that
they
kéepe
good
order
in
their
Sentinels
,
yea
sometimes
and
verie
often
,
it
is
good
that
he
himselfe
aide
them
to
choose
out
the
most
fit
places
for
them
to
stand
in
,
to
the
end
that
the
circuit
of
ground
,
which
for
all
their
safties
is
to
be
kept
,
may
be
conueniently
garded
.
At
the
ioyning
of
the
day
&
the
night
,
or
somwhat
later
,
he
shal
secretly
giue
the
Corporals
the
watchword
,
with
the
which
they
are
to
gouerne
the
gard
as
wel
by
night
as
day
:
the
which
word
by
the
commandement
of
his
Captaine
,
he
must
procure
the
Sergeant
maior
to
giue
him
,
or
of
some
other
that
shall
haue
the
charge
to
giue
the
same
for
want
of
his
presence
,
or
in
place
of
this
great
officer
.
He
must
arme
himselfe
in
such
sort
,
that
he
be
no
lesse
apt
then
any
other
souldier
to
be
able
at
time
of
néed
,
both
to
defend
himselfe
,
and
offend
the
enimie
:
touching
which
effect
,
Duke
Octau●…o
Farnese
in
the
expedition
of
12000
▪
footemen
and
600.
horsemen
,
which
Paulus
the
third
Pope
of
Rome
sent
into
Germanie
against
the
Lutherans
in
aid
of
Charles
the
fift
,
did
dispose
,
that
all
the
Sergeants
of
his
bands
should
arme
themselues
with
hargabuzes
and
murrians
:
saying
,
that
so
great
a
number
of
valiant
men
being
Sergeants
,
as
was
in
so
great
an
assemblie
and
expedition
of
such
importance
,
it
was
neither
good
nor
commendable
,
that
they
should
onely
be
armed
with
their
halberds
,
and
therefore
he
ought
to
haue
his
Page
or
Muchacho
second
him
with
those
furnitures
:
Neither
séemes
it
inconuenient
,
but
hauing
placed
in
order
all
things
pertaining
to
his
office
,
that
he
place
himselfe
in
ranke
with
the
rest
of
the
souldiers
,
yet
in
such
a
place
as
he
may
easily
depart
from
thence
when
necessitie
calles
him
away
,
to
reforme
or
vse
remedie
to
any
disorder
he
vnderstands
of
.
He
must
with
dexteritie
procéed
in
reprehending
and
exhorting
the
souldiers
to
kéepe
their
due
order
,
and
not
to
disband
and
stray
abroad
,
but
vpon
néedfull
and
lawfull
occasions
,
and
to
take
order
in
all
other
particular
points
,
which
are
requisite
to
be
obserued
for
the
honour
and
profite
of
the
companie
,
which
thinges
are
chiefely
to
be
procured
and
obserued
by
other
officers
.
Let
him
beware
and
abstaine
from
beating
of
souldiers
at
any
time
,
that
thereby
he
grow
not
odius
:
for
it
is
not
conuenient
nor
comely
for
an
officer
to
strike
a
souldier
,
for
thereby
he
so
offends
,
that
he
doth
incurre
the
paine
to
receiue
punishment
for
so
doing
,
of
his
Captaine
or
the
master
of
the
Campe
.
He
must
be
diligent
,
carefull
,
and
vigilant
in
all
his
affaires
,
for
in
this
office
,
diligence
and
dexteritie
is
both
to
the
purpose
and
most
necessarie
.
It
is
necessarie
he
be
alwaies
conformable
vnto
the
sergeant
Maior
,
by
imitation
and
obedience
in
action
,
and
like
his
shadow
,
to
second
him
in
all
his
doings
:
Of
whom
he
may
alwaies
receiue
information
and
order
of
all
such
things
as
be
necessary
for
seruice
of
his
band
.
And
of
him
he
may
learne
to
proceede
by
conformitie
,
in
that
which
is
conuenient
for
his
office
.
For
hee
that
is
in
companie
with
men
of
vertue
and
valor
,
that
be
of
more
excellent
qualitie
then
he
himselfe
,
shall
euer
reape
some
profite
,
and
the
rather
for
that
he
is
bound
to
be
in
the
sight
,
and
néere
about
the
sergeant
Maior
,
at
all
such
times
as
anie
thing
is
to
be
done
:
where
he
ought
with
a
good
●…are
,
and
diligent
eye
,
giue
readie
attendance
,
to
execute
such
commission
as
shall
be
giuen
him
:
specially
those
which
appertaines
to
the
ordering
of
the
ranckes
,
and
euerie
thing
else
whatsoeuer
without
doing
anie
thing
vpon
his
owne
iudgement
,
but
conferre
with
that
great
officer
,
towards
whom
he
mus●…
alwaies
be
courteous
and
conformable
,
and
with
an
obedient
and
beneuolent
minde
,
diligently
imitate
him
.
I
suppose
it
moreouer
necessarie
as
I
said
before
,
that
he
be
able
to
write
and
read
,
considering
the
infinit
number
of
things
which
are
to
passe
through
his
hands
,
and
which
he
ought
to
execute
for
the
benefite
of
his
companie
,
which
cannot
be
alwaies
ordered
,
disposed
,
and
guided
only
by
memorie
:
So
consquently
the
sergeant
is
to
take
diligent
&
care
of
all
the
foresaid
thinges
to
execute
the
pointes
of
his
office
spéedily
,
and
to
rebuke
and
teach
such
as
do
amisse
with
lenitie
,
and
although
hee
cannot
violently
strike
and
hurt
anie
man
,
yet
neuerthelesse
no
man
can
resist
his
authoritie
,
but
obserue
the
same
as
to
the
Captaines
owne
person
,
if
he
were
present
.
He
is
not
to
heare
anie
mutinous
or
rebellious
wordes
amongst
the
companie
,
but
immediatly
to
reueale
the
same
,
that
speedie
reformation
may
be
had
,
and
faults
amended
.
And
thus
must
he
be
still
occupied
to
reform
mens
maners
,
mispence
of
munition
,
broken
araies
,
and
to
be
readie
daie
and
night
to
seruice
,
by
the
captaine
or
Lieutenants
commandement
,
to
instrust
the
companie
,
to
march
,
traine
,
and
trauaile
,
aswell
by
signes
from
him
framed
,
as
otherwise
by
wordes
spoken
,
and
to
haue
speciall
regard
to
the
companie
,
to
see
that
their
armour
and
weapons
be
in
a
readinesse
alwayes
for
seruice
,
for
the
diligent
and
skilfull
vsage
of
this
office
,
is
of
no
small
momentanie
good
order
throughout
the
whole
band
,
no
lesse
then
the
Centurion
amongest
the
Romaines
,
who
was
captaine
ouer
a
hundreth
,
and
so
likewise
euerie
hundreth
in
ech
band
ought
to
haue
a
seuerall
sergeant
to
direct
and
gouerne
.
The
office
of
an
Alsierus
or
ensigne
bearer
.
IF
it
be
a
thing
most
requisite
that
a
priuate
souldier
should
haue
a
speciall
zeale
ouer
his
proper
honour
and
credite
,
how
much
more
is
the
same
necessarie
for
a
valiant
Alfierus
or
Ensigne
bearer
.
Therefore
hée
must
with
all
carefull
diligence
,
and
due
discretion
,
ascend
the
fourth
degree
of
this
honourable
discipline
,
being
alreadie
trained
vp
in
the
thrée
first
degrees
,
which
is
,
of
a
priuate
souldier
,
a
corporal
,
and
a
sergeant
,
whereby
to
his
great
commendation
he
may
sufficiently
merite
the
swaie
of
this
office
.
Hauing
solemnly
receiued
the
Ensigne
of
his
Captaine
,
like
a
noble
and
expert
Souldier
,
hée
ought
carefullie
to
keepe
the
same
,
and
beare
a
certaine
reuerent
respect
to
it
,
as
to
a
holie
thing
,
yea
and
to
be
gelouse
ouer
the
safetie
thereof
,
no
lesse
then
an
amorous
person
ouer
his
louing
mistresse
:
Since
that
onely
with
the
sacred
shade
of
the
ensigne
,
being
well
guided
,
the
generall
reputation
of
all
the
band
and
companie
is
conseruer
.
Therefore
the
Alfierus
ought
to
be
indowed
with
such
custome
,
and
vse
himselfe
with
such
courtesie
and
ciuilitie
,
that
he
may
not
onely
procure
the
loue
of
his
confederates
,
and
friends
,
but
of
all
the
entire
companie
.
Besides
,
it
is
necessarie
to
haue
neere
vnto
him
a
couple
of
assistantes
at
the
least
,
that
be
practised
and
good
Souldiers
,
which
may
be
of
the
number
of
the
Halbardyres
that
go
next
his
Ensigne
,
to
the
end
that
when
hee
is
constrained
to
absent
himselfe
from
the
same
,
through
some
vrgent
and
necessarie
occasion
(
for
otherwise
it
is
not
to
be
permitted
)
hée
may
cause
one
of
them
take
care
and
charge
of
his
Ensigne
,
in
what
accident
soeuer
might
fall
out
during
that
time
.
For
that
thing
ought
neuer
to
be
left
alone
or
abandoned
to
a
slender
and
loose
gard
,
which
is
of
such
a
great
importance
,
whereupon
euerie
mans
honour
and
estimation
dependeth
:
wherefore
it
ought
at
all
to
be
carefully
kept
,
and
well
accompanied
.
Note
that
the
Alsierus
,
to
defend
his
ensigne
and
himselfe
at
one
instant
,
must
haue
in
his
one
hand
his
drawne
sword
,
and
in
the
other
the
Ensigne
:
which
thing
is
conuenient
of
him
particularly
to
be
performed
,
when
it
is
time
to
assault
the
enemies
vpon
a
Wall
,
Trench
,
S●…alade
,
Bulwarcke
,
Breach
,
or
in
anie
strait
passage
,
or
enterprise
,
since
that
with
the
poynt
of
Iron
of
the
Ensigne
staffe
small
defence
can
be
made
,
aswell
for
the
weakenesse
of
the
staffe
,
as
through
the
trouble
and
continuall
wauering
of
the
silke
which
is
about
it
,
so
that
in
bearing
the
same
displayed
,
hée
ought
rather
to
haue
regard
where
he
shall
set
his
foote
,
then
to
the
top
of
the
staffe
,
or
anie
other
place
lesse
necessarie
,
aswell
thereby
to
flée
affectation
,
which
in
carying
thereof
,
is
made
manifest
,
as
also
to
conduct
the
same
with
more
assured
courage
.
Moreouer
note
that
the
most
honourable
place
of
the
threde
or
rancke
is
the
right
hand
,
and
the
second
the
left
hand
,
which
degrees
likewise
be
obserued
in
all
the
rancks
of
other
souldiers
,
a●…wel
as
when
diuers
ensignes
do
march
tog●…ther
in
one
ranck
,
for
amongest
the
handes
and
squares
of
souldiers
,
the
fiankes
d●…e
alwaies
resist
the
assaultes
and
furie
of
the
enemie
:
as
the
sides
which
be
néerest
to
them
,
be
alwaies
garded
of
those
that
be
most
practised
,
and
the
middle
part
not
,
onely
except
the
first
and
last
rancke
of
the
ordinance
or
batta●…le
,
wh●…
the
middest
is
the
place
of
greatest
estimation
:
for
the
head
or
backe
of
the
square
being
assaulted
they
then
withstand
the
greatest
furie
.
And
by
good
reason
,
for
this
place
of
the
midst
is
euer
much
more
broken
and
endomaged
of
the
enemies
armes
and
force
,
then
anie
other
part
:
wherefore
amongest
expert
and
valiant
souldiers
,
this
roome
is
of
greatest
honour
,
and
of
most
estimation
,
as
the
place
that
hath
greatest
néed
of
defence
,
which
being
subiect
to
more
open
and
manifest
perill
then
the
rest
be
,
is
of
greatest
dignitie
.
For
Captaines
are
accustomed
to
shew
notable
and
singular
fauor
to
that
souldier
which
they
preferre
to
an
enterprise
of
perill
and
danger
:
so
that
it
be
capeable
of
issue
and
altogither
desperate
.
Neither
is
this
to
be
accounted
for
a
maruell
,
for
as
this
profession
is
altogither
different
from
others
,
so
likewise
the
orders
,
and
ceremonies
are
diuersly
managed
:
if
a
man
may
terme
those
things
ceremonies
,
which
of
necessitie
ought
with
diligence
to
be
gouerned
with
great
care
,
art
,
and
industrie
:
It
behooues
the
Alfierus
,
whilest
he
doth
march
in
ordinance
amidst
the
band
,
to
go
with
a
graue
and
stately
pace
,
aduisedly
and
couragiously
ioyned
with
modesty
,
and
without
affectation
or
vain
brauerie
:
neither
eught
he
to
bew
or
decline
his
bodie
at
any
time
to
anie
person
,
that
thereby
he
may
represent
and
maintaine
the
reputation
and
excellencie
of
armes
,
and
the
ensigne
before
his
Prince
,
chiefe
ruler
,
Lord
Generall
,
Coronell
,
Captaine
,
Gouernour
,
&c.
As
he
passeth
before
them
,
he
ought
to
abase
the
point
and
tip
of
the
ensigne
,
or
rather
with
his
arme
bow
down
néer-hand
all
the
rest
of
the
ensigne
,
&
so
much
more
,
by
how
much
he
is
of
greater
dignitie
&
authoritie
.
In
this
sort
shall
he
make
signe
of
reuerence
,
and
not
pull
off
his
cap
or
hat
,
neither
bend
his
knée
,
nor
moue
anie
one
part
of
his
person
,
thereby
to
retaine
that
dignitie
due
to
the
ensigne
&
his
office
.
The
Alfierus
being
in
square
,
rancke
,
or
ordinance
,
with
the
ensigne
displaid
,
doth
change
(
almost
neuer
)
the
place
where
he
is
planted
to
march
,
which
is
in
the
midst
of
the
footmen
,
as
a
place
most
safe
and
best
defended
.
Therefore
those
that
otherwise
would
vse
it
,
doe
ground
their
opinion
vpon
some
ancient
order
of
the
Romaines
or
Grecians
,
wherein
they
are
deceiued
,
because
at
this
day
we
are
constrained
to
varie
our
order
,
considering
our
armes
be
varied
,
which
do
now
fetch
and
vound
much
more
and
further
off
,
and
are
more
pearcing
then
those
of
antient
time
.
Neither
is
it
expedient
to
put
this
officer
,
which
is
of
such
great
respect
,
alwaies
in
hazard
,
aswell
for
the
good
qualitie
of
his
person
,
the
which
we
must
alwaies
presuppose
him
to
be
of
,
as
also
for
the
office
of
great
importance
he
supplyes
,
si●…ce
he
doth
sustaine
the
displaid
ensigne
wherein
the
reputation
and
honor
of
all
the
companie
consists
.
But
at
such
times
as
he
shal
march
to
a
Scalade
,
breach
and
batterie
:
the
valiant
Alfierus
with
his
ensigne
in
one
hand
and
his
sword
in
another
,
as
is
before
said
,
ought
to
enforce
himselfe
to
be
the
first
,
and
by
all
meanes
to
mount
vp
,
to
enter
amongest
the
enemies
,
and
to
aduance
and
inuite
the
rest
forward
,
both
his
inferiours
,
companions
,
&
betters
:
for
in
effect
at
such
times
the
particular
guiding
of
the
band
appertains
to
him
.
Now
to
the
intent
that
the
souldiers
at
the
instant
time
of
a
dangerous
enterprise
,
andin
a
combersome
&
perilous
time
and
place
,
may
be
inuited
,
&
feruently
stirred
vp
to
follow
the
ensigne
.
He
must
therfore
vse
such
courtesie
to
all
men
,
that
in
all
hazardes
and
great
exployts
,
he
being
beloued
of
the
Souldiers
,
may
be
verie
much
ayded
and
defended
by
them
,
where
as
otherwise
they
doe
either
suffer
open
ignomie
,
or
danger
of
death
,
when
as
they
be
either
abandoned
at
the
point
of
extremitie
,
or
traiterously
staine
or
wounded
by
their
owne
companions
and
followers
:
as
at
the
assault
of
Dalahani
,
and
a
skirmish
of
brauerie
at
Louaine
,
chanced
vnto
two
seuerall
Ensigne-bearers
:
of
the
Baron
of
Sheueran
,
Coronell
ouer
te●…ne
Ensignes
of
shot
.
Therefore
since
he
is
the
shadow
of
the
valor
and
good
condition
of
his
captaine
and
companie
,
let
him
be
carfull
of
his
dutie
.
The
Ensigne
bearer
may
of
his
discretion
and
authoritie
,
espying
the
companie
trauaile
,
or
follow
enemies
to
their
discommoditie
and
perill
,
loosing
the
wind
,
hill
,
or
ground
of
aduantage
,
disordering
the
aray
,
may
stand
still
,
and
cause
the
drums
and
fifes
to
stand
and
sound
the
retreat
,
that
the
companie
may
resort
and
come
to
the
Ensigne
,
and
order
the
aray
by
the
aduantage
of
the
ground
,
rather
then
abide
the
comming
of
the
enemy
.
He
ought
alwaies
to
haue
about
him
,
and
to
lodge
where
hée
doth
himselfe
,
so
manie
good
Drums
as
there
be
hundreth
in
his
band
:
that
at
all
times
he
may
make
Raccolte
,
and
gather
his
souldiers
togither
,
and
for
such
like
necessarie
respects
.
He
ought
neuer
craue
licence
to
go
to
anie
enteprise
whatsoeuer
,
for
anie
desire
he
hath
to
make
himselfe
known
,
or
to
win
fame
,
but
ought
to
remaine
stedfast
and
firme
,
when
his
turne
of
seruice
comes
,
in
respect
of
the
great
charge
he
doth
carie
in
the
manage
of
the
ensigne
.
It
is
necssarie
he
haue
a
horse
for
his
owne
vse
,
the
which
whilest
he
marcheth
ought
to
go
neere
the
Ensigne
,
whether
he
be
in
square
vattaile
or
long
march
,
for
by
taking
his
ease
on
horse-backe
,
he
may
kéepe
himselfe
continually
lus●…y
and
fresh
,
and
therewithall
may
accomodate
his
cariage
,
or
bagage
,
as
some
souldiers
may
likewise
doe
among
the
ordinarie
cariage
,
prouided
for
by
the
captaine
.
Note
that
the
Ensigne
which
he
receiued
of
his
Captaine
,
must
by
him
be
res●…ored
again
at
such
times
as
he
is
discharged
out
of
the
company
:
if
during
the
time
of
his
seruice
,
there
hath
not
chanced
a
battaile
,
assault
,
or
other
enterprise
,
wherein
the
Alfierus
being
present
,
he
hath
not
made
manifest
apparance
,
that
he
hath
merited
and
deserued
the
same
.
For
in
such
cases
it
is
to
be
vnderstood
,
that
he
hath
wonne
and
gained
the
same
and
not
otherwise
,
vnlesse
the
captaine
of
his
free
will
doth
not
giue
it
him
,
which
is
a
verie
ancient
custome
,
specally
amongst
the
Italians
.
It
is
verie
requisite
the
Alfierus
haue
besides
his
two
assistantes
,
a
valiant
and
couragious
seruant
,
who
is
a
practised
souldier
,
and
not
a
nouice
or
yoongling
,
as
some
verie
fondly
and
vnaduisedly
do
entertain
now
adaies
,
that
continually
being
néere
him
,
as
well
in
the
maine
square
battaile
or
elswhere
,
to
second
him
with
a
péece
,
pike
,
or
target
of
proofe
,
&
may
haue
in
such
a
one
that
intyre
faith
and
assured
credite
that
he
should
haue
of
a
faithful
companion
,
whom
he
must
not
kéepe
as
an
abiect
seruant
,
but
he
ought
to
maintaine
him
,
apparell
him
,
and
arme
him
with
conuenient
armes
of
defence
,
for
sometimes
it
shall
fall
out
in
the
daie
of
a
fought
battaile
of
a
whole
armie
,
that
those
deputed
seruants
may
haue
the
custodie
of
all
the
Ensignes
in
the
maine
square
battaile
,
and
the
Alfierus
of
ech
companie
,
as
men
well
armed
be
placed
in
the
head
of
the
battaile
,
or
in
some
other
principall
or
necessarie
places
which
are
to
be
gouerned
and
defended
by
practised
and
valiant
Souldiers
:
as
particularly
fell
out
at
●…uch
time
as
the
Marques
of
Vasto
,
fought
at
Cresola
in
Lombardie
against
the
Frenchmen
,
which
iourney
was
lost
by
the
Emperialistes
,
although
that
daie
they
fought
valiantly
,
and
besides
in
other
enterprises
,
such
men
haue
executed
gallant
seruice
.
He
must
alwaies
prouide
a
sufficient
corpes
de
gard
about
his
ensigne
,
as
well
by
day
as
night
,
in
what
place
soeuer
he
shal
be
,
although
no
suspition
were
to
be
had
of
the
enemy
,
that
thereby
he
may
remaine
safe
from
all
sodaine
surprises
,
or
vnprouided
casualties
,
and
the
rather
to
maintaine
the
honour
and
reputation
due
to
the
ensigne
,
whereby
all
sinister
inconuenience
may
be
auoyded
,
and
the
maiestie
and
office
of
the
same
generally
well
respected
:
Specially
when
time
and
place
of
suspect
ministers
occasion
.
The
Alfierus
must
march
to
the
gard
,
either
arme●…
with
a
Curase
of
proofe
,
or
some
other
conuenient
garment
of
defence
,
being
still
seconded
with
his
seruant
,
who
is
to
carie
either
target
,
halberd
,
péece
or
pike
,
or
such
weapon
as
he
doth
delight
in
,
which
at
the
seat
of
the
gard
,
taking
his
Ensigne
in
his
hand
,
he
must
let
rest
in
the
kéeping
of
his
seruant
.
Neither
is
it
requisite
in
going
or
marching
,
that
he
vnlose
and
display
the
ensigne
,
without
some
speciall
occasion
,
but
ought
to
reserue
the
aduancing
and
displaying
of
the
same
at
full
,
vntill
he
come
in
the
sight
of
chieftaine
or
prince
,
or
in
the
sight
of
the
enemy
,
or
other
places
of
seruice
.
It
is
necessary
his
ensigne
haue
certain
special
countersignes
and
markes
,
that
it
may
easily
be
knowne
of
his
souldiers
,
both
néere
hand
and
farre
off
,
to
the
intent
that
in
all
exployts
,
and
at
vnknowne
sodains
,
his
souldiers
may
perfectly
perceiue
the
same
amongst
the
other
ensignes
,
different
from
the
rest
,
wherin
the
Alfierus
must
vse
an
exquisite
manage
,
that
by
his
wise
and
valorous
actions
without
anie
other
mans
relation
,
may
discerne
his
vertuous
actions
and
forward
procéedinges
,
which
he
ought
to
make
apparant
by
some
notable
enterprise
.
The
Alfierus
must
be
a
man
of
good
account
,
of
a
good
race
,
honest
and
vertuous
,
braue
in
apparell
,
therby
to
honour
his
office
,
and
continually
armed
as
well
when
no
perill
is
feared
,
as
in
time
of
danger
,
to
giue
example
to
the
rest
of
the
souldiers
not
to
thinke
their
armor
burthenous
,
but
by
vse
to
make
it
as
familiar
to
him
as
his
skin
.
Finally
he
must
be
a
man
skilfull
,
hardy
,
and
couragious
,
of
able
courage
to
aduance
and
beare
vp
the
Ensigne
in
all
extremities
,
secret
,
silent
,
and
zealous
,
able
often
to
comfort
,
animate
and
encurage
the
company
to
take
in
hand
,
and
maintaine
such
extremisies
,
enterprises
,
as
they
are
appointed
vnto
,
and
neuer
to
retyre
,
but
when
of
noble
policie
the
higher
officers
command
the
same
.
Unto
this
officer
there
should
be
certaine
ceremonies
vsed
in
deliuerie
of
the
Ensigne
,
reseruing
it
by
oath
in
the
presence
of
his
hand
,
at
which
time
he
must
make
vow
and
professe
the
same
rather
to
be
his
winding
shéete
,
and
therein
to
lose
his
life
,
then
through
his
default
to
lose
the
same
:
whereunto
euery
priuat
souldier
should
likewise
be
sworn
,
as
among
the
Romans
it
was
vsed
when
he
was
not
accounted
a
souldier
,
but
a
théefe
,
or
robber
,
●…ill
he
had
taken
his
oth
.
And
therefore
their
warres
was
called
Militia
Sacrata
.
The
office
of
the
Lieutenant
of
a
companie
▪
THat
persons
vpon
whom
anie
charge
doth
depend
,
and
doth
deseruedly
manage
anie
affaire
,
must
frame
himselfe
to
vse
due
diligence
,
and
with
dexteritie
suffer
such
tedious
toyle
,
as
in
these
serious
affaires
succéed
,
since
that
charge
(
as
I
haue
alreadie
said
)
signifieth
nothing
else
but
a
burthen
of
affaires
.
Therfore
that
a
souldier
may
deseruedly
mount
vp
to
this
degrée
of
worthy
honour
and
martiall
dignitie
,
he
must
vse
all
circumspect
care
to
performe
his
office
like
an
expert
Lieutenant
,
that
the
companie
be
well
gouerned
,
which
he
must
accomplish
with
a
forward
and
willing
mind
(
though
of
duetie
he
is
bound
to
performe
the
same
)
aswell
to
content
the
minde
of
his
captaine
,
as
to
augment
his
own
honour
and
reputation
.
He
must
neuer
appropriat
vnto
himselfe
any
one
point
of
authoritie
,
but
diligently
discipher
and
vnderstand
all
thinges
,
and
make
relation
thereof
to
his
captaine
,
of
whom
it
is
necessarie
he
take
all
his
commissions
and
directions
.
His
part
is
to
giue
willingly
and
readily
counsell
and
aduise
to
his
captaine
,
as
often
as
he
is
demanded
,
and
otherwise
neuer
,
vnlesse
he
sée
that
the
same
may
do
manifest
good
,
or
in
case
of
present
perill
.
The
Lieutenant
ought
to
carie
with
him
a
diligent
care
of
concord
,
for
that
particularly
the
pacification
of
discords
&
difference
amongst
the
souldiers
of
his
company
,
appertains
vnto
him
,
which
must
be
done
without
choler
or
passion
,
and
must
still
handle
them
verie
indifferently
and
curteously
.
For
his
indifferencie
,
besides
the
gaining
of
him
trustie
credite
,
doth
make
easie
the
desciding
of
any
difference
or
disagreement
,
and
is
one
point
which
of
necessitie
is
most
conuenient
to
an
honorable
peace-maker
,
although
it
be
a
verie
difficile
thing
to
pro●…ure
peace
in
points
of
honour
,
specially
amongst
souldiers
that
stand
much
vpon
their
Punctos
,
and
for
that
respect
is
it
very
hard
to
vse
a
iust
balance
:
therefore
in
such
causes
it
is
most
requisite
that
euerie
one
of
the
interessed
,
shew
at
the
full
his
entire
cause
,
th●…
which
is
a
thing
not
vulgar
,
neither
of
small
importance
.
And
although
the
pacifier
ought
neuer
to
hang
more
vpon
the
one
side
then
the
other
,
yet
it
is
conuenient
he
haue
some
small
respect
to
him
that
is
wronged
against
reason
,
rather
then
to
him
that
is
the
vnlawfull
worker
of
the
iniurie
.
But
if
he
finde
any
difficultie
in
resoluing
these
differences
,
let
him
confer
with
the
Captaine
,
to
the
end
that
he
,
who
is
knowne
to
be
the
occasion
,
and
wil
not
agrée
to
an
honest
end
,
may
be
immediatly
discharged
:
but
if
it
be
thought
good
that
he
remaine
to
serue
a
time
,
for
the
execution
of
some
speciall
enterprise
,
then
the
word
both
of
the
one
and
the
other
ought
to
be
taken
,
vntill
the
same
be
performed
or
the
pay
past
,
and
then
may
discharge
him
,
as
is
said
,
to
shunne
a
greater
scandale
:
for
to
enter
into
vnquiet
quarrelling
and
discord
,
one
equal
with
an
other
,
and
with
one
that
receiues
the
like
stipend
,
is
not
the
part
and
qualitie
of
a
subiect
souldier
,
but
of
a
frée
carelesse
cutter
,
and
band
buckle●…
,
and
of
an
insolent
and
importunate
person
,
whose
nature
doth
argue
in
him
that
his
doings
tend
to
an
other
end
,
then
to
become
excellent
in
the
honorable
exercise
of
armes
.
P●…t
the
case
that
one
of
them
should
valiantly
ouercome
the
other
,
yet
vnto
the
Captaine
doth
arise
no
other
then
want
,
losse
,
and
euill
satisfaction
:
for
when
first
he
did
receiue
them
into
his
seruice
,
he
did
presume
that
they
were
both
of
them
equally
to
be
esteemed
,
men
of
good
credite
and
behamour
,
and
that
for
such
they
were
conducted
,
and
receiued
stipend
.
So
that
quarelling
and
●…illing
one
the
other
,
as
often
it
fals
out
in
resolute
persons
o●…
putting
him
so
a
dishonour
or
open
foile
:
such
a
one
doth
not
o●…ely
depriue
the
Captaine
of
a
souldier
,
but
also
of
himselfe
likewise
:
For
the
law
of
reason
doth
binde
the
Captaine
not
to
maintain
an
importunate
person
,
a
malefactour
,
and
an
homecide
,
in
one
band
no
lesse
then
a
well
ordered
citie
:
Considering
it
is
requisite
and
conuenient
his
souldiers
,
rather
then
to
imploy
themselues
in
such
quarrels
,
should
indeuour
and
aduenture
their
bodies
so
ouerthrow
and
kill
the
enimie
,
thereby
to
procure
his
owne
proper
praise
and
peculier
profite
.
Always
prouided
,
that
the
occasion
of
the
wars
be
concluded
and
published
to
be
lawfull
and
honest
,
which
easily
in
this
respect
doth
remoue
all
difficulties
,
whilest
a
man
doth
place
himselfe
in
the
seruice
of
a
prince
that
is
religious
,
prudent
,
and
iust
,
and
that
haue
expresse
and
lawfull
power
to
louie
armes
,
and
not
with
those
which
are
of
small
authoritie
,
or
tyrannous
vsurpers
of
other
mens
states
,
and
wicked
blood
suckers
.
Therefore
when
the
Lieutenant
cannot
by
his
owne
dealings
supply
these
wants
,
or
pacifie
and
accord
them
,
in
such
causes
he
may
remit
the
care
thereof
vnto
his
superior
&
Captaine
:
And
thus
let
him
haue
speciall
care
that
by
his
meanes
no
quarrels
do
grow
,
neither
that
he
suffer
any
faction
or
discention
to
take
déepe
roote
,
for
feare
of
banding
and
mutinies
.
He
ought
to
haue
speciall
respect
that
the
Corporals
and
Sergeants
be
able
duely
to
execute
their
office
with
due
diligence
,
for
the
better
performance
of
seruice
,
and
personally
aid
them
in
setting
the
watch
.
Likewise
,
to
the
intent
that
the
Sergeant
persist
not
ignorantly
,
or
fall
in
any
one
point
of
his
office
:
it
behooues
the
Lieutenant
in
many
particular
pointes
to
aid
him
,
both
in
respect
of
his
owne
credite
,
and
for
the
generall
benefite
of
the
whole
band
:
as
in
vsing
diuers
directions
,
disciplines
,
inue●…tions
,
putting
the
band
in
order
,
rancke
,
square
,
in
accompanying
them
to
the
watch
,
and
in
executing
such
like
enterprises
which
commonly
are
to
be
performed
.
So
ought
he
likewise
to
delight
himselfe
extraordenarily
(
besides
the
other
necessarie
parts
of
his
office
)
in
taking
view
of
the
Corps
de
gard
,
and
the
Sentinels
of
his
proper
companie
,
to
the
intent
they
may
remaine
continually
vigilant
and
redie
,
and
ech
mans
duetie
duly
executed
,
the
martial
lawes
read
and
examined
,
and
a
solemne
silence
generally
maintained
.
He
must
obserue
great
affabilitie
and
fraternitie
with
the
Alfierus
,
and
friendly
consult
with
him
(
specially
if
the
Lieutenant
doth
not
manage
both
the
one
and
the
other
office
,
as
the
Spaniards
and
other
nations
doe
vse
,
and
might
very
well
be
vsed
of
vs
,
if
the
Generall
or
Coronell
thinke
good
,
〈◊〉
▪
for
auoyding
of
emulation
and
charge
of
pay
,
)
but
if
they
〈◊〉
particular
officers
,
and
beare
distinct
sway
in
the
hand
,
then
〈◊〉
the
Lieutenant
be
very
carefull
(
as
he
that
is
the
chiefe
)
to
auoide
all
stomaking
and
strife
that
might
arise
●…etwixt
him
&
the
Alsierus
,
for
therby
oftentimes
great
scandales
haue
fa●…ne
out
,
and
the
diuision
of
the
company
,
a
thing
aboue
all
other
to
be
carefully
forséene
and
shunned
.
He
ought
to
vse
a
gracious
iesture
,
&
a
curteous
entertainment
to
all
his
souldiers
,
countenance
euerie
one
ioyfully
,
and
solicite
their
causes
carefully
towards
the
captaine
&
the
other
officers
,
as
the
treasurers
,
pay-masters
,
commissaries
and
such
like
,
yet
euer
by
the
captaines
consent
,
yea
&
to
the
captain
himselfe
,
by
whose
friendly
fauour
inferiour
officers
may
be
relieued
for
their
pay
or
other
wantes
.
Besides
he
ought
to
giue
order
and
direction
to
all
the
company
,
deuiding
&
distributing
the
Squadres
indifferently
and
discréetly
,
to
the
intent
the
Corporals
&
other
officers
may
be
obeyed
,
&
that
ech
enterprise
may
be
performed
without
reply
or
contradiction
.
It
is
necessarie
that
he
put
in
euerie
Squadre
an
equal
number
of
euery
sort
of
armes
,
and
that
ech
weapon
be
sorted
in
a
redinesse
,
to
the
intent
the
in
what
place
&
time
soeuer
occasion
doth
require
,
euery
one
of
them
may
to
his
great
aduantage
,
procéede
and
front
the
inuading
enimie
with
a
forceable
strength
.
Like
wise
it
is
good
sometimes
not
to
suffer
a
Squadre
or
rather
a
whole
Corps
de
gard
to
consist
of
souldiers
al
of
one
countrie
and
nation
,
but
ought
rather
to
be
artificially
mixed
,
and
to
separate
them
,
thereby
to
auoid
quarrell
and
generalitie
of
factions
,
which
by
reason
of
their
being
togither
may
the
rather
arise
amongst
consorts
of
one
natiue
countrie
,
&
that
more
commodiously
then
if
they
were
separated
.
The
Captain
being
absent
,
the
Lieutenant
possesseth
the
principall
and
chiefe
place
,
and
ought
to
be
obeyed
as
captaine
.
Neuerthelesse
in
his
presence
,
it
is
requisite
he
vse
a
certaine
br●…therly
friendship
and
familiaritie
towards
al
,
yet
that
notwithstanding
,
he
must
proceede
in
al
things
with
such
modestie
and
grauitie
,
as
he
may
retaine
such
authoritie
and
reputation
,
as
the
office
he
doth
hold
,
doth
most
worthily
inuest
him
withall
.
There
ought
to
be
in
him
a
reasonable
good
knowledge
and
fa●…
in
expressing
his
conceit
and
meaning
sensiblie
,
that
the
〈◊〉
may
vnderstand
what
they
haue
to
do
,
to
the
intent
he
may
〈◊〉
m●…re
easily
imprint
in
the
heartes
and
mindes
of
his
〈◊〉
.
〈◊〉
,
all
such
things
as
he
determines
,
and
that
be
necessarie
for
the
better
〈◊〉
of
his
Prince
,
and
the
benefite
of
his
countrie
and
companie
,
whereunto
he
ought
to
apply
himselfe
with
all
possible
diligence
,
since
that
of
the
Prince
he
is
liberally
paid
,
hath
his
being
of
his
countrie
,
and
is
diligently
obeyed
of
his
band
,
where
he
swayes
his
present
office
&
charge
,
which
is
truely
of
great
credite
and
no
lesse
commoditie
.
Let
him
prouide
himself
of
a
horse
to
beare
him
,
to
the
intent
he
may
be
lustie
and
fresh
in
all
enterprises
▪
and
that
he
may
continually
take
the
view
and
diligently
suruey
the
order
which
they
are
to
kéepe
in
marching
,
or
in
making
Alta
,
and
at
al
other
times
besides
in
what
enterprise
soeuer
.
He
must
take
order
that
his
baggage
or
carriage
,
which
ought
to
be
as
little
as
may
be
,
(
which
rule
the
common
souldiers
ought
likewise
obserue
)
be
borne
and
conuaide
amongst
the
common
cariage
,
which
the
Captaine
hath
ordained
and
prouided
for
the
vse
of
the
whole
band
.
He
must
take
diligent
care
to
the
redéeming
of
prest
or
lent
money
,
which
the
Captaine
shall
make
according
to
occasion
or
neede
amongst
the
companie
,
&
to
distribute
the
same
conueniently
amongst
the
souldiers
,
&
therof
to
render
&
yéeld
good
account
to
the
Captaine
,
by
doing
whereof
he
shall
pleasure
the
souldiers
much
,
in
which
time
of
pay
he
hath
verie
good
opertunitie
to
put
the
souldiers
in
minde
,
and
to
teach
them
to
procéede
in
wel
doing
,
and
to
desist
from
euill
.
It
appertaines
generally
to
euerie
Lieutenant
of
a
band
to
be
of
great
experience
and
ripenesse
of
seruice
,
whose
authoritie
in
the
absence
of
the
Captaine
(
as
partly
I
touched
before
)
extendeth
to
examine
,
trie
,
reforme
,
correct
,
and
amend
any
offence
committed
within
the
band
,
and
also
day
&
night
to
bring
the
companie
with
the
Ensigne
to
the
place
of
assemblie
,
there
in
order
traine
and
exercise
the
same
,
as
to
the
necessitie
of
seruice
doth
appertaine
,
and
being
commanded
by
the
higher
powers
to
march
towards
the
enimie
,
must
encounter
and
fight
with
them
,
as
if
the
Captaine
were
in
presence
,
who
vpon
impediment
,
must
sometimes
be
absent
.
Finally
,
it
appertaines
to
the
Lieutenant
to
watch
,
ward
,
approch
,
conduct
,
aduance
against
the
enimies
,
and
to
encounter
,
animate●…
,
comfort
,
and
also
to
encourage
the
companie
by
☜
word
and
déede
as
néed
serueth
:
to
retyre
continually
,
maintaining
skirmish
,
vntil
he
haue
recouered
some
place
of
safegard
.
The
office
and
duetie
that
appertaines
to
the
Lanze-spezzaté
,
volentarie
Lieutenants
,
the
Gentlemen
of
a
Band
,
or
Caualliere
of
S.
Georges
squadrons
.
THe
sundrie
degrées
whereunto
valiant
souldiers
with
aspiring
minds
séeke
to
ascend
,
for
that
they
be
many
,
&
for
that
those
which
haue
attained
and
serued
in
those
roomes
and
other
great
offices
,
by
diuers
sinister
meanes
and
accidents
,
be
now
and
then
disseuered
and
made
frustrate
from
their
charge
,
as
experience
hath
made
many
times
apparant
,
who
yet
neuerthelesse
being
naturally
desirous
to
continue
in
seruice
,
and
perchance
through
forrain
necessitie
are
driuen
to
remaine
in
pay
,
in
attending
further
preferment
:
Therefore
this
place
was
first
inuented
for
such
persons
,
as
a
speciall
seat
wherein
the
flower
of
warlike
souldiers
doe
sit
,
like
a
gréene
Laurell
garland
that
doth
enuiron
the
martiall
head
of
a
mightie
armie
,
whose
order
for
warlike
force
or
fame
,
giues
not
place
to
the
Grecian
Falanges
,
the
chiefest
of
the
Romaine
legions
,
or
to
the
knightly
constitution
or
couragious
enterprises
of
those
of
Arthurs
round
table
.
For
there
neither
hath
bene
,
nor
can
be
found
any
place
of
such
honour
or
reputation
,
as
to
be
a
Gentleman
of
a
Band
,
whether
we
serue
for
pleasure
or
for
profite
,
or
haue
attained
thereunto
by
merite
:
or
whether
we
haue
bene
Corporal
,
Sergeant
,
Alfierus
or
Lieutenant
,
wherein
Captaines
somtimes
●…o
plant
themselues
,
specially
in
the
Collonels
Squadre
,
and
temporise
the
time
,
vntill
preferment
do
fall
:
for
thereby
their
former
reputation
is
nothing
disgraced
,
nor
their
charge
had
,
in
or
of
any
other
company
,
nothing
derogated
:
Considering
that
those
in
these
Squadrons
either
are
,
or
ought
to
be
souldiers
of
such
policie
and
perfite
experence
,
that
they
be
capeable
of
any
office
vnder
the
degree
of
a
Collonell
,
and
may
supplie
any
of
those
foresaid
offices
,
or
performe
any
other
enterprise
of
great
importance
,
commanded
by
the
Captain
,
Collonel
,
or
Generall
.
And
for
that
many
youthes
of
〈◊〉
parentage
,
and
Gentlemen
of
ancient
houses
do
likewise
follow
the
warres
,
I
would
that
vpon
due
triall
of
their
merite
,
they
should
enter
into
these
☞
Squadrons
,
which
the
Prince
or
Generall
is
to
confirme
,
and
make
a
distinct
order
of
valiant
aduenturous
souldiers
,
and
call
them
Caualliers
of
S.
Georges
Squadrons
,
at
whose
entrance
thereinto
,
they
shall
take
a
solemne
oth
appertaining
to
their
order
,
and
their
Corporall
shall
inuest
them
with
some
Band●…oll
,
Medall
or
Scarfe
,
whereu●…on
is
portrayed
S.
George
his
armes
,
which
they
must
be
bound
to
weare
openly
at
all
times
and
in
all
places
,
enterprises
,
skirmishes
,
battailes
and
assaults
.
It
is
requisite
that
a
singular
good
souldier
,
being
the
Gentleman
of
a
band
,
and
Cauallier
of
S.
George
his
Squadron
,
if
hée
meane
to
gain
the
grace
and
fauour
of
his
Captaine
&
Collonel
,
that
not
onely
he
be
sufficiently
valiant
and
wise
,
as
of
necessitie
is
required
at
his
hands
:
but
it
is
also
conuenient
for
him
to
be
reasonable
well
horsed
,
and
to
haue
in
store
all
sortes
of
armes
,
as
a
Halberd
,
Hargabuse
for
the
match
or
firelocke
,
Armour
and
Target
of
proofe
,
his
Lance
and
case
of
Pistolets
,
his
Pike
,
his
Pertisan
or
Epieu
to
go
the
Round
withall
,
that
he
may
both
day
and
night
vary
and
change
his
armes
at
the
offer
of
all
enterprises
is
requisite
,
and
as
change
of
seruice
doth
call
him
foorth
.
He
must
alwayes
of
necessitie
haue
more
then
one
seruant
,
and
ought
to
apparel
him
in
galant
order
:
these
are
to
be
néere
his
elbow
to
follow
him
with
his
armes
.
He
ought
alwayes
to
lodge
himselfe
as
néere
as
is
possible
,
to
the
lodging
of
his
Collonel
or
captain
,
to
the
intent
the
either
armed
,
or
without
armes
,
he
may
alwayes
,
according
as
the
cause
doth
require
,
be
about
his
person
,
either
on
horseback
or
on
foote
,
for
that
the
principal
gard
of
this
singular
personage
,
that
is
to
say
,
the
Collonel
or
Captaine
,
doth
consist
in
the
diligence
and
custodie
of
the
Caualliers
of
S.
George
his
Squadrons
.
These
things
notwithstanding
,
day
&
night
when
it
fals
to
his
lot
,
or
that
he
shal
be
commanded
by
his
Corporall
to
watch
,
he
must
dispose
himselfe
to
be
able
to
make
particular
gard
,
&
that
after
a
most
exquisite
order
:
wherein
he
must
haue
a
special
care
(
without
making
refusall
at
any
time
)
to
performe
that
which
shal
be
appointed
him
by
his
Corporall
,
or
by
any
other
that
shal
command
in
the
name
of
his
Collonell
or
Captaine
.
His
office
in
time
of
watch
,
for
the
most
part
consistes
in
going
the
Round
,
searching
the
watch
,
kéeping
good
order
in
the
Corps
of
Gard
,
in
being
a
coadiutour
to
the
officer
that
guides
the
company
or
rules
the
watch
,
and
is
for
the
most
part
exempted
from
standing
Sentinel
,
and
such
like
dueties
of
a
common
souldier
,
vnlesse
great
necessitie
or
special
seruice
constrain
.
It
appertaines
to
him
to
haue
good
experience
in
going
the
Round
,
that
in
performing
the
same
,
he
may
discréetely
gouerne
in
the
ouersight
of
the
watch
,
called
the
Sopraguardia
,
for
in
this
point
doth
very
much
consist
the
prouident
good
order
and
forme
that
is
to
be
obserued
,
in
auoyding
the
stratagems
,
surprises
,
Sallies
and
disceits
of
the
enimie
.
Approching
néere
to
the
Sentinel
,
he
must
giue
eye
and
diligent
regard
in
what
order
and
sort
he
doth
finde
him
vigilant
,
how
readie
he
is
in
demanding
and
taking
the
word
,
&
after
comming
nearer
him
,
he
must
examine
all
that
hath
passed
or
fallen
out
whilest
he
hath
bene
in
Sentinel
,
&
the
order
he
doth
obserue
,
and
what
hath
bene
appointed
him
to
do
:
the
which
if
it
be
good
he
must
confirme
,
and
when
he
doth
find
it
to
be
otherwise
,
he
must
rehearse
&
refer
the
same
to
the
Corporal
of
the
Sentinel
,
that
he
may
vse
diligent
redresse
.
Arriuing
in
any
Corps
de
gard
,
he
must
aboue
all
things
aduertise
them
,
that
they
alwayes
kéepe
fire
light
for
the
necessary
commoditie
of
Hargabusiers
,
and
for
light
in
the
night
,
taking
order
with
the
souldiers
that
they
and
their
armes
may
remain
in
a
forceable
redinesse
:
through
which
his
good
instruction
,
there
may
grow
to
be
no
want
,
&
so
consequently
he
must
in
like
cases
procéed
with
like
prouident
diligence
.
After
this
he
must
with
great
consideration
and
modestie
,
examine
euerie
particular
thing
,
carrying
a
mind
with
himself
to
continue
&
increase
the
same
from
better
to
better
,
&
both
in
himselfe
and
to
them
vse
necessarie
aduertisements
,
&
in
such
sort
shall
he
passe
through
all
the
Corps
de
gards
and
Sentinels
.
If
it
chance
him
to
incounter
another
Sopraguardia
or
round
,
to
shun
the
occasion
of
dangerous
difference
,
which
somtimes
is
accustomed
to
follow
:
or
for
pollicie
,
in
fearing
to
giue
the
watch
word
to
him
that
purposely
comes
to
robbe
the
same
,
that
comming
from
the
enimie
secretly
,
counterfaits
the
Sentinell
,
or
by
some
other
practise
,
as
it
sometimes
hath
caused
domage
to
the
grieuous
losse
and
total
preiudice
of
the
armie
,
to
preuent
such
inconuenience
,
let
that
Sopraguardia
which
shal
be
nearest
to
the
next
adioyning
Sentinell
,
turne
backe
,
giuing
the
word
after
a
due
accustomed
sort
vnto
the
said
Sentinel
,
to
the
intent
the
foresaid
Sopraguardia
may
do
the
like
▪
and
when
they
are
of
accord
,
euerie
one
may
follow
his
owne
path
,
but
if
otherwise
they
do
disagrée
,
the
disceit
remaines
discouered
:
not
onely
in
that
counterfeit
round
,
but
also
in
the
sained
Sentinel
,
whom
the
Sopraguardia
must
examine
and
demand
at
his
hand
some
speciall
countersigne
or
double
word
,
that
thereby
he
may
know
him
for
an
assured
friend
,
or
finde
him
an
enimie
or
negligent
person
,
the
which
of
all
men
is
verie
well
knowne
to
merite
sharpe
and
extreame
chastisement
,
which
at
no
time
,
so
néere
as
is
possible
,
is
to
be
omitted
.
This
former
rule
is
to
be
obserued
of
those
souldiers
that
be
of
one selfe
nation
:
but
when
the
Rounds
or
Sopraguardes
be
many
and
of
sundrie
nations
,
and
the
Corps
of
Gards
likewise
:
then
the
Sopraguard
comming
into
a
quarter
that
is
stranger
vnto
him
,
is
bound
to
giue
the
word
to
the
Sopraguard
of
that
nation
,
&
of
that
quarter
:
so
that
by
such
meanes
as
wel
the
suspition
of
disceit
,
as
the
occasion
of
discord
shall
be
auoyded
.
And
if
in
case
the
said
ordinarie
Round
or
Sopraguard
,
do
incounter
in
their
owne
quarter
,
with
the
extraordinarie
,
those
that
be
ordinarie
shall
indeuour
themselues
to
take
the
word
of
those
that
be
extraordinarie
.
For
so
is
it
conuenient
and
most
conformable
to
that
order
beforesaid
,
wherein
I
haue
set
downe
what
is
necessarie
for
a
Sopraguard
or
Round
to
do
in
a
strange
quarter
.
And
for
that
it
is
requisite
,
as
I
haue
alredie
touched
,
that
the
Caualliers
be
alwayes
about
the
person
of
his
chiefe
captain
,
without
either
being
bound
to
Standerd
,
Guidon
,
or
other
Ensigne
whatsoeuer
,
he
must
indeuour
himselfe
,
when
any
enterprise
or
warlike
affaires
is
committed
to
his
charge
,
to
be
apt
and
readie
to
vse
practised
experience
in
directing
&
guiding
a
skirmish
,
in
taking
the
view
of
a
battery
,
in
discouering
of
the
enimie
,
in
marching
or
making
Alta
,
in
Passa
parde
in
the
valia●…nt
repulse
of
a
sodaine
inuading
enimie
by
Bawll
en
bouche
,
in
taking
view
of
the
situation
of
a
place
,
in
guiding
a
Roade
or
troupe
of
Horsemen
,
in
giuing
Alarome
to
the
enimie
,
in
plucking
aduertisementes
from
the
enimie
,
in
placing
Imbas●…ades
,
in
giuing
Canuasados
,
and
to
know
verie
well
how
to
execute
with
sound
iudgement
these
and
such
like
important
affaires
,
the
which
for
the
most
part
appertaine
to
the
Cauallieres
of
this
Squadrone
to
performe
.
As
likewise
it
hath
bin
the
custome
to
giue
them
the
charge
to
plant
Gabiones
for
the
defence
of
the
Artillarie
,
to
batter
and
endomage
the
walles
,
the
Trenches
,
the
lodinges
,
and
the
enemies
Squadrones
.
Let
him
remember
when
hée
hath
bin
at
any
exploite
,
to
bring
backe
againe
into
his
Quarter
,
those
souldiers
hee
hath
led
foorth
to
any
enterprise
,
vnited
and
in
rancke
,
marching
together
behind
him
,
and
neuer
suffer
them
to
returne
disbanded
one
by
one
out
of
order
,
which
is
an
occasion
of
great
confusion
,
and
brings
but
small
reputation
to
the
Captaine
and
conductor
of
them
.
Moreouer
it
is
verie
necessarie
hée
knowe
how
to
make
a
roade
and
distroie
the
enemies
countrie
,
the
which
likewise
doth
oftentimes
appertaine
to
him
to
performe
:
in
which
exploite
hee
must
beware
aboue
all
thinges
,
that
no
souldier
in
those
enterprises
disperse
or
disband
themselues
,
but
with
an
assured
good
order
,
for
the
most
part
conformable
to
my
following
discourse
,
wherein
I
set
downe
directions
,
how
to
conduct
Souldiers
to
the
skirmish
.
And
particularlie
where
I
declare
that
he
ought
to
kéepe
and
maintaine
for
his
people
the
strongest
place
of
situation
,
wherein
he
must
skirmish
,
for
that
commonly
souldiers
being
in
disorder
,
wearied
and
loaden
with
spoile
,
may
bée
easilie
put
to
flight
,
broken
and
oppressed
of
the
enemies
,
vnlesse
they
bée
seconded
or
shaded
by
some
forceable
succour
.
I
suppose
it
likewise
most
necessarie
,
that
hée
indeuour
himselfe
to
bee
apt
and
sufficient
at
all
times
,
and
in
all
places
to
sollicite
and
negociate
for
his
Prince
or
Chieftaine
,
any
cause
of
what
weight
or
moment
soeuer
,
considering
that
most
men
are
not
fit
to
attempt
the
performance
of
such
doubtfull
and
difficile
causes
:
for
although
manie
make
great
estimation
of
them selues
,
and
presume
much
by
their
dailie
reading
and
Theoricke
of
those
weightie
affaires
,
yet
do
they
want
and
come
farre
short
of
that
bold
and
readie
practise
,
which
plainly
appeares
,
that
the
worthy
professors
of
Armes
possesse
:
and
specially
in
the
presence
of
great
Princes
,
whose
Maiestie
and
reuerence
for
the
most
part
,
doth
make
cold
and
bring
out
of
countenance
the
hoatest
and
most
resolute
determination
.
As
Demosthenes
before
Philip
of
Macedone
made
apparent
,
when
he
was
not
able
to
pronounce
thrée
woords
of
a
long
premeditate
Oration
,
in
behalfe
of
the
Athenians
.
This
worthie
gentleman
of
a
band
,
this
Caualliere
of
Saint
Georges
squadre
,
and
likewise
all
other
professors
of
warlike
armes
,
ought
to
carie
in
mind
,
that
of
him
and
his
equals
the
exercise
of
Armes
is
to
be
applied
,
and
diligentlie
to
practise
the
same
,
to
the
intent
he
bée
not
for
want
of
knowledge
dispised
of
others
:
and
not
ignorantlie
to
dispise
them
that
deserue
due
commendations
,
but
rather
to
carie
and
vse
the
countenance
of
authoritie
to
those
persons
that
merite
not
to
beare
swaie
and
gouernement
,
then
towards
forward
souldiers
.
Yet
for
all
that
towards
the
rest
in
●…some
other
respects
,
hée
ought
to
gratifie
them
and
helpe
them
to
his
power
,
and
so
courteously
win
the
good
wils
and
friendly
fauor
of
all
souldiers
his
equals
,
to
instruct
and
courteously
to
admonish
euerie
souldier
priuatelie
and
apart
,
what
appertaines
to
his
duetie
.
This
Caualliere
must
be
able
also
to
traine
souldiers
,
to
make
them
march
in
orderly
proporcions
,
to
cast
them
in
Ringes
,
Esses
,
Snailes
,
Hearses
,
Squadres
,
to
receiue
and
giue
charge
,
to
faine
skirmishes
,
onsets
,
retraites
,
and
how
to
order
any
number
of
Souldiers
,
from
a
hundreth
to
fiue
hundreth
,
for
so
manie
may
be
in
a
band
,
and
vnder
one
Ensigne
,
as
the
Swi●…ers
and
Germains
yet
vse
at
this
day
,
and
as
in
former
ages
our
Countriemen
haue
vsed
,
which
in
some
respects
may
passe
without
reprehension
.
If
a
Captaine
be
disposed
to
haue
so
manie
vnder
his
Ensigne
,
when
hée
is
not
able
to
bring
the
number
vnto
a
whole
Collonelship
,
together
with
the
knowledge
of
the
order
how
to
traine
,
hée
must
indeuour
himselfe
to
be
perfect
in
drawing
platformes
,
in
the
Mathematickes
,
in
the
martiall
Lawes
,
in
besieging
of
townes
,
batteries
,
mynes
,
and
ech
thing
else
belonging
to
Martiall
discipline
.
Let
this
worthie
Caualliere
of
Saint
Georges
squadre
haue
then
before
his
eyes
such
like
precepts
,
and
manage
of
martiall
affaires
,
that
he
may
encrease
his
owne
credite
,
win
his
countrie
fame
,
fauor
of
his
Prince
,
&
honor
of
his
house
and
friends
,
rather
then
for
the
regard
of
riches
,
statelie
houses
,
liuings
,
and
such
like
,
but
rather
prefer
prudent
pollicie
,
courage
,
valor
and
approued
experience
before
such
base
benefites
,
whereby
hée
may
attaine
to
the
lawrell
Crowne
,
wherewith
diuers
mightie
conquerors
haue
their
heades
adorned
:
That
hée
may
be
an
example
to
the
reproch
of
such
as
lewdlie
spend
their
daies
in
idlenes
,
prodigalitie
,
lust
and
obloquie
.
The
order
of
trayning
Footemen
,
necessarie
to
be
obserued
of
all
Sergeants
,
Lieutenants
,
and
Cauallieres
of
the
band
.
FOr
that
the
ignorance
and
decay
of
Armes
in
the
beginning
of
this
age
,
and
in
these
partes
of
Europe
haue
brought
great
confusion
to
diuers
,
which
haue
rawlie
and
rashlie
professed
the
same
,
to
the
hazard
of
their
liues
and
countrie
:
And
for
that
Mustering
and
trayning
of
souldiers
to
make
them
expert
to
seruice
is
one
of
the
greatest
errors
hath
bin
committed
:
therefore
I
haue
thought
good
to
borrow
out
of
Master
Stywards
Booke
of
Martial
discipline
,
his
maner
and
forme
of
trayning
,
which
I
find
in
him
set
downe
in
more
plaine
and
exquisite
maner
,
according
to
the
moderne
vse
,
then
of
any
that
hath
hitherto
written
so
particularlie
either
in
our
owne
tongue
,
or
in
any
other
forraine
language
,
wherein
the
Authour
doth
merite
great
commendations
,
whether
the
same
procéedes
of
his
owne
experience
,
or
that
he
hath
drawne
it
out
of
other
mens
trauailes
.
But
first
before
I
enter
into
particulars
,
I
thinke
it
good
to
set
downe
,
what
Charecters
I
meane
to
vse
in
these
discriptions
,
that
they
may
bée
the
better
vnderstood
,
together
with
other
notes
appertaining
to
these
present
directions
.
The
Letters
and
Charecters
.
-
C
for
Captaines
.
-
L
for
Lieutenants
.
-
S
for
Sergeants
.
-
D
for
Drums
.
-
F
for
Fiftes
.
-
s
for
Hargabusiers
.
-
a
for
Archers
.
-
b
for
Halberdiers
.
-
p
for
Pikes
.
-
h
for
Horsemen
.
The
Orders
which
are
to
be
obserued
for
the
furnishing
of
the
foresaid
weapons
.
Caliuers
or
Hargabuzieres
,
or
Mu●…ketieres
SUch
must
haue
either
of
them
a
good
and
sufficient
péece
,
flask
,
tutch-boxe
,
pouder
,
shot
,
yron
,
mold
,
worme
,
tyrebale
,
rammer
,
swoord
and
dagger
,
and
a
morrion
.
The
like
must
the
Muskete
are
haue
,
with
a
forked
staffe
brest
hye
,
with
a
stringe
to
fasten
to
his
wrest
.
Such
as
serue
with
shot
in
raine
,
mistes
and
windes
,
must
haue
their
péeces
chardged
and
primed
:
They
must
carie
the
tutch
hoale
of
their
péeces
vnder
their
arme-hoales
,
match
light
in
their
hands
couertly
and
drie
,
their
péeces
faire
and
cleane
within
and
without
,
so
bée
they
seruiceable
at
all
times
,
hauing
regard
they
kéepe
their
march
and
retyre
of
good
distance
in
sunder
,
their
match
and
pouder
verie
drie
,
and
their
péeces
often
chardged
and
discharged
.
Archers
or
long
Bowes
.
NEcessarie
it
is
that
euery
man
haue
a
good
and
méete
bowe
,
according
to
his
draught
and
strength
,
light
&
easie
,
a
light
side
iacke
hanging
loose
to
his
knée
,
with
a
skul
,
swoord
&
dagger
,
nothing
vpon
his
armes
,
wherby
in
time
of
seruice
hée
may
easilie
draw
the
arrow
to
the
head
,
that
they
may
deliuer
the
same
with
strength
and
art
,
as
Englishmen
bée
accustomed
.
They
must
haue
also
a
bracer
and
shooting
gloue
,
their
stringes
whipped
and
waxed
ouer
with
glew
,
their
feathers
drie
:
and
so
is
h●…
seruiceable
.
Pykemen
.
THose
bearing
that
warlike
weapons
,
especiallie
the
fronts
,
where
sometimes
Captaines
,
Lieutenants
,
Sergeants
,
and
Cauallieres
of
bandes
,
be
oftentimes
planted
with
Pikes
,
and
is
the
place
for
Gentlemen
to
serue
in
,
must
haue
a
fayre
Millan
corsse●…
,
with
al
peeces
appertaining
to
the
same
:
that
is
,
the
curats
,
the
collers
,
the
paldrons
,
wyth
the
vambraces
,
also
the
long
taces
with
the
burganet
,
with
sword
and
dagger
,
their
pykes
of
the
vsuall
length
(
for
the
strength
of
the
battaile
doth
consist
in
the
same
)
bearing
the
pykes
on
their
sholders
,
setting
their
thumbes
vnder
the
same
,
whereby
it
is
ruled
.
They
must
oftentimes
practise
to
trayle
,
push
,
ward
,
couch
,
crosse
,
&c.
as
for
the
necessitie
of
the
skirmish
or
battaile
appertaineth
.
Halberdeares
or
Bill-men
.
THese
bée
gards
vnto
Captaines
&
Ensignes
,
which
be
most
times
chosen
gentlemen
of
experience
,
or
Cauallieres
of
the
squadre
,
who
as
occasion
serueth
,
giue
orders
to
the
numbers
in
aray
,
and
the
enemie
approching
to
giue
an
onset
,
certain
of
them
bée
appointed
to
aduance
and
maintaine
the
receit
of
them
:
whose
discréete
leading
and
valiant
courage
doth
much
comfort
the
rest
to
follow
the
same
.
These
Cauallieres
bee
armed
with
corselets
,
and
bée
placed
in
the
hart
of
the
battail
,
vsuallie
called
the
slaughter
of
the
field
,
or
execution
of
the
same
,
who
commonlie
doe
not
fight
but
in
verie
great
extremitie
.
Because
there
is
great
alteration
and
deuision
of
weapons
,
I
meane
to
note
vnto
you
the
iust
numbers
to
euerie
hundreth
at
this
present
vsed
,
which
shall
greatly
profit
to
the
making
of
your
battailes
,
from
100.
vnto
1500.
Men.
|
Pikes
.
|
Halberds
&
Targets
of
proofe
.
|
Shot
.
|
100
Men.
|
40
P.
|
10
H.
|
50
Shot
.
|
200
Men.
|
80
P.
|
20
H.
|
100
Shot
.
|
300
Men.
|
120
P.
|
30
H.
|
150
Shot
.
|
400
Men.
|
160
P.
|
40
H.
|
200
Shot
.
|
500
Men.
|
200
P.
|
50
H.
|
250
Shot
.
|
600
Men.
|
240
P.
|
60
H.
|
300
Shot
.
|
700
Men.
|
280
P.
|
70
H.
|
350
Shot
.
|
800
Men.
|
320
P.
|
80
H.
|
400
Shot
.
|
900
Men.
|
340
P.
|
90
H.
|
450
Shot
.
|
1000
Men.
|
400
P.
|
100
H.
|
500
Shot
.
|
1100
Men.
|
440
P.
|
110
H.
|
550
Shot
.
|
1200
Men.
|
480
P.
|
120
H.
|
600
Shot
.
|
1300
Men.
|
520
P.
|
130
H.
|
650
Shot
.
|
1400
Men.
|
560
P.
|
140
H.
|
700
Shot
.
|
1500
Men.
|
600
P.
|
150
H.
|
750
Shot
.
|
Of
Mustering
and
Training
.
A
Band
or
Companie
being
furnished
with
Officers
,
Souldiers
,
Armour
,
Weapons
and
Munitions
,
as
aforesaid
:
In
times
connenient
resort
whollie
together
,
to
some
ground
necessarie
,
to
must●…r
,
march
and
traine
,
exercise
and
instruct
such
as
are
not
perfect
in
feates
of
warre
,
which
bee
ordered
sometimes
by
wordes
and
déedes
,
and
sometimes
by
framed
signes
from
the
officers
,
that
souldiers
may
learne
and
obserue
the
meaning
of
the
same
.
At
such
times
of
assemblie
,
as
at
watch
or
ward
,
the
Clerke
ought
to
read
the
bill
,
and
to
call
euerie
souldier
by
his
name
,
that
euerie
man
may
aunswere
for
himselfe
,
and
none
to
be
absent
vpon
paine
,
without
sicknes
or
licence
.
The
Sergeant
(
as
they
bée
called
)
putteth
them
in
Aray
,
that
euerie
man
follow
his
loadesman
,
kéeping
his
ranck-fellowes
iustlie
on
both
sides
,
placing
the
shot
in
voward
and
rerewarde
:
the
Ensigne
and
Halberds
in
the
midst
of
the
Pikes
,
so
bée
they
placed
in
beautie
and
strength
,
as
is
accustomed
:
sometimes
to
stand
and
aduance
their
weapons
,
turne
their
faces
,
and
march
any
waie
assigned
:
and
sometimes
to
receiue
a
woord
that
shall
passe
from
man
to
man
,
from
the
one
end
to
the
other
,
with
such
silence
,
that
none
heare
the
same
,
but
those
in
aray
assembled
.
Certaine
woords
to
be
vsed
of
the
Officer
that
traynes
.
WHen
any
Officer
determines
to
exercise
his
companie
to
traine
them
,
he
must
cast
them
into
a
King
or
such
like
necessarie
forme
,
and
vse
these
or
like
woords
.
My
louing
friends
,
fellowes
,
and
companions
in
Armes
,
wée
bée
gathered
togither
for
the
seruice
of
God
,
his
holie
Church
,
our
Prince
and
Countrie
,
and
for
that
none
through
ignorance
shall
perish
or
run
in
daunger
of
the
lawes
of
the
field
,
you
shal
from
time
to
time
by
mée
or
other
Officers
of
the
band
bée
instructed
by
woords
or
déedes
in
such
points
,
as
to
your
calling
and
the
necessitie
of
seruice
shall
require
,
the
which
you
must
diligently
obserue
and
follow
,
though
the
same
shal
séeme
vnto
you
many
times
both
dangerous
and
paynfull
.
Also
if
any
of
you
my
followes
shall
find
an
occasion
conuenient
to
declare
to
〈◊〉
or
any
other
officer
,
his
mind
and
opinion
in
any
thing
touching
seruice
,
w●…
shall
diligentlie
heare
,
and
gratifie
the
partie
the
double
value
thereof
,
and
(
God
willing
)
equitie
and
iustice
shall
be
ministred
.
Also
regard
that
all
souldiers
know
&
obey
their
〈◊〉
in
their
place
,
according
to
their
calling
.
To
teach
and
trayne
Souldiers
to
march
in
Ranckes
,
Squares
,
battailes
,
&c.
FIrst
,
for
that
one
hundreth
is
the
least
number
that
a
Captaine
can
haue
in
charge
,
I
wil
therefore
begin
with
100.
setting
your
weapons
in
this
order
following
:
that
is
,
twentie
fiue
shot
,
next
your
shot
twentie
Pykes
,
then
tenne
Halberds
to
gard
the
Ensigne
,
and
next
your
Halberds
other
twentie
Pykes
,
and
then
your
other
fiue
and
twentie
shotte
,
the
which
béeing
thus
placed
may
be
brought
to
those
proportions
here
set
downe
,
greatlie
auailable
to
diuers
seruices
.
WHen
the
souldiers
are
taught
to
march
thrée
in
a
ranke
right
forth
,
you
shall
bring
them
in
this
proportion
of
a
ring
,
otherwise
called
a
Limasson
:
&
although
it
is
not
of
any
force
,
it
is
necessarie
to
traine
the
vnperfect
,
also
by
bringing
them
in
close
compasse
togither
,
they
may
better
heare
and
vnderstand
any
preceptes
touching
their
charge
,
spoken
by
the
Captain
or
any
other
officers
,
as
oft
as
is
méete
.
This
figure
folowing
of
the
ring
is
not
of
force
,
because
the
Ensigne
lieth
open
to
the
enimies
without
gard
of
Pikes
.
The
Ring
.
Sometimes
vpon
good
occasion
you
shall
bring
your
Pykes
in
order
of
an
S.
your
Halberds
planted
in
the
midst
with
the
Ensigne
,
whereby
it
may
be
enuironed
with
Pykes
for
defence
of
horse
,
your
shot
placed
betwéene
euerie
rancke
of
Pikes
,
so
that
they
may
serue
to
the
skirmish
,
either
rescuing
other
within
gard
,
the
which
retyring
into
the
void
place
,
the
Pikes
couched
euerie
way
for
defence
,
the
ouerplus
of
the
shot
with
the
Captaine
and
Lieutenant
with
other
officers
to
be
placed
in
the
midst
of
the
S.
with
the
Ensigne
.
An
S.
SOmetimes
vpon
the
suddaine
bring
them
into
this
order
of
a
D.
otherwise
called
a
Snaile
:
Place
your
Halberds
and
Ensigne
in
the
Rereward
of
your
Pikes
,
and
cast
your selfe
round
,
so
that
you
may
enuiron
your
Ensigne
,
hauing
first
placed
your
shot
amongst
the
ranckes
of
Pikes
,
euerie
Captaine
,
Lieutenant
,
and
other
officer
togither
with
the
ouerplus
of
shot
,
to
be
placed
within
the
circuite
of
the
weapons
.
This
is
a
strength
at
néede
,
but
in
this
order
they
cannot
march
or
retire
.
A
D.
or
a
Snaile
.
How
to
traine
souldiers
and
bring
them
to
the
vse
of
their
weapon
.
AFter
you
haue
taught
your
company
to
martch
thrée
in
a
rancke
right
forth
,
likewise
to
kéepe
their
order
in
Limasson
or
Ring
,
in
S.
or
D.
you
shall
command
your
officers
to
teach
them
how
to
vse
their
weapons
.
First
deuide
your
shot
from
your
pikes
and
Halberds
,
causing
a
marke
to
be
set
vpon
the
water
,
whereby
you
shall
the
better
perceiue
where
the
bullet
falleth
or
striketh
.
Then
cause
your
drumme
to
go
before
,
and
your
shot
to
follow
single
,
teaching
them
how
to
hold
their
péeces
,
and
to
put
pouder
in
the
pan
,
the
match
in
the
cocke
,
how
to
couch
and
giue
fire
the
better
to
bolden
them
:
and
that
those
haue
experience
to
discharge
at
the
marke
,
and
euerie
one
for
to
follow
his
loadsman
.
This
done
,
cast
them
all
about
round
,
and
bring
them
to
the
place
where
they
began
,
then
afterward
teach
them
to
charge
with
bullet
.
Sometimes
deuide
your
pikes
and
halberds
in
two
parts
,
commanding
your
officers
that
they
turne
their
broad
sides
,
as
if
they
should
encounter
the
enimie
,
causing
your
drums
to
sound
.
Then
charge
your
officers
to
go
in
the
front
of
your
pikes
,
to
shew
them
how
that
they
should
vse
their
weapons
,
as
first
,
to
cause
your
pikes
to
sarie
close
togither
,
then
to
traile
their
pikes
with
the
sharpe
end
towards
the
enimie
,
two
yards
from
the
end
of
the
blade
,
and
to
offer
the
push
one
at
another
.
This
being
done
,
cause
your
drums
to
sound
retrait
,
that
is
,
to
retire
with
your
faces
on
the
enimie
.
Then
must
you
teach
them
to
ward
with
their
pikes
when
the
push
is
offered
against
them
:
also
to
couch
and
crosse
,
for
defence
of
horse
.
Likewise
to
aduance
,
&c.
How
to
traine
or
place
an
hundreth
men
.
THis
figure
here
placed
doth
sh●…w
how
the
hundred
men
before
mentioned
cast
in
a
ring
,
may
march
three
in
a
ranke
,
the
which
may
be
brought
vnto
these
proportions
of
strength
following
.
SOmetimes
marching
in
the
ray
before
said
,
you
shall
deuide
the
same
into
thrée
parts
by
●…1
.
ranks
in
ech
part
,
deuiding
your
shot
into
foure
partes
,
and
your
pikes
into
foure
parts
also
,
placing
your
halberds
to
gard
the
Ensigne
,
so
be
they
readie
at
the
sodaine
in
quadrant
as
appeareth
following
.
LIkewise
you
must
instruct
them
from
thrée
to
march
fiue
in
ranke
,
to
the
intent
when
néede
serueth
to
ioyne
vnto
other
bands
.
In
thus
marching
,
place
halfe
your
shot
before
the
other
in
the
rereward
.
ALso
you
may
practise
them
to
march
seuen
in
ranke
,
placing
your
halberds
in
the
Rereward
with
your
Ensigne
,
the
which
maketh
a
iust
quad●…ant
,
placing
your
shot
in
the
wings
and
rereward
as
appeareth
following
.
To
augment
from
three
vnto
fiue
.
YOu
may
likewise
by
placing
seuen
in
ranke
,
the
which
is
the
greatest
force
that
100.
men
may
be
brought
into
,
place
21.
shot
in
the
front
,
and
fiftéene
in
●…ch
wing
,
the
which
seruice
being
very
apt
to
skirmish
,
is
greatly
vnto
the
anoying
of
the
enimie
:
also
it
is
readie
to
retyre
to
serue
round
about
the
battaile
of
pikes
,
as
before
.
IF
in
marching
you
vnderstand
or
perceiue
that
horsemen
will
assault
you
,
then
place
fiue
pikes
in
ranke
,
and
betwixt
euerie
pike
a
shot
,
so
marching
forward
,
they
fall
to
be
ten
ranke
quadrant
,
placing
your
halbe●…ds
and
Ensigne
in
the
midst
A
quadrant
mixed
with
shot
.
LIkewise
you
may
for
the
defence
of
horsemen
,
place
ten
ranks
of
pikes
euerie
way
,
your
shot
next
vnto
them
,
your
halberds
and
Ensigne
in
the
midst
,
the
pikes
ends
couched
on
the
ground
the
better
to
defend
the
enimie
.
A
quadrant
defending
the
shot
.
THis
proportion
sheweth
the
march
or
quadrant
order
at
large
of
a
hundreth
men
,
verie
necessary
to
bee
vsed
in
shew
to
the
enemies
,
when
thou
vnderstandest
their
●…umbers
to
excéede
thine
:
Placing
7.
Pikes
in
the
Uoward
,
also
7.
pikes
in
the
Rereward
,
next
vnto
them
6.
pikes
in
the
second
rankes
,
your
Billes
or
Halberds
together
with
your
Ensigne
in
the
midst
with
the
Drum
and
Fifte
,
as
is
before
mentioned
,
the
which
number
(
when
thou
perceiuest
the
enemie
to
take
view
of
thine
)
thou
shalt
alter
and
cause
the
second
rankes
of
the
Uoward
and
Rereward
to
steppe
forward
to
furnish
the
voide
spaces
,
the
which
shall
make
of
7.
thirtéene
in
a
ranke
.
Also
if
thou
perceiuest
the
enemie
pretending
to
encounter
thee
,
hauing
no
place
of
refuge
,
shall
cause
the
ranks
that
stepped
forward
to
retire
to
their
places
,
and
to
sarrie
close
together
,
remouing
out
of
the
second
rankes
into
the
winges
,
the
Halberds
to
step
forward
in
their
places
,
wil
be
7.
euery
way
quadrant
,
as
in
the
order
before
is
mentioned
,
your
shot
to
bée
placed
in
the
Uoward
&
rereward
,
may
skirmish
&
retire
as
occasion
serueth
,
The
March
at
large
,
Practises
of
training
,
appertaining
to
the
charge
of
two
hundreth
Men.
FIrst
marching
fiue
in
Ranke
,
40.
rankes
containe
two
hundreth
men
,
suting
their
weapons
,
as
before
,
they
may
bée
brought
to
these
orders
following
,
auailable
for
diuers
intents
,
although
the
same
for
a
time
séeme
painfull
,
&
although
Archers
bee
not
as
heretofore
they
haue
bin
,
yet
is
it
good
in
some
of
my
figures
following
,
to
shew
you
when
you
haue
Archers
how
to
place
them
.
SOmetimes
deuide
the
Pikes
and
the
Halberds
into
three
parts
,
by
1●…
.
rankes
,
7
,
to
a
ranke
,
placing
your
Ensigne
in
the
midst
,
so
ioining
them
together
maketh
a
Hearse
battaile
,
readie
at
the
suddaine
against
the
enemie
,
placing
in
the
Uoward
40.
Hargabuzers
,
and
20.
Archers
,
and
in
the
Rereward
10.
Hargabuzers
and
30.
Archers
.
LIkewise
according
to
your
ground
you
shall
place
your
vttermost
rankes
with
your
best
and
fairest
Corselets
,
the
which
serueth
not
only
to
the
shew
,
but
otherwise
to
the
strength
of
the
battaile
,
commaunding
your
Officers
to
place
10.
in
a
ranke
,
the
rest
to
follow
on
their
march
10.
in
a
ranke
.
Likewise
your
Halberds
and
Ensigne
in
the
midst
,
which
falleth
to
bée
10.
euery
way
quadrant
,
the
which
is
a
iust
hundreth●…
your
Hargabuzers
placed
in
the
Uoward
and
Rereward
,
and
your
Archers
in
the
flankes
,
the
which
is
a
iust
100.
also
,
as
héere
followeth
▪
SOmetimes
by
commaundement
of
the
General
or
head
Officers
,
you
are
to
accomplish
some
exploit
by
night
,
the
which
béeing
led
by
your
guides
through
straites
,
wrong
ground
,
woods
&c.
It
is
nedefull
that
euerie
pikeman
and
bilman
take
holde
of
his
loadsmans
weapon
,
placing
your
shot
betwixt
your
Pikes
,
and
your
Ensigne
in
the
midst
,
your
Pykes
to
march
fiue
in
a
ranke
,
16.
rankes
is
iust
80.
Pikes
beside
your
Halberds
.
The
ouerplus
of
your
shot
to
bee
placed
in
the
Rereward
.
SOmetimes
occasion
serueth
to
march
through
long
broome
,
corne
,
fearne
,
&c.
so
that
souldiers
must
traile
their
pikes
from
the
ground
,
close
together
at
the
halfe
pikes
,
in
the
Uoward
the
sharp
ends
of
the
pikes
forward
,
and
in
the
Rereward
the
sharp
ends
of
the
pikes
to
the
ground
,
who
may
at
the
suddaine
béeing
assailed
with
Horsemen
,
presently
aduance
and
couch
their
pikes
euery
way
for
defence
from
the
Horse
,
your
Hargabuzers
in
the
front
and
Rereward
,
the
Archers
in
the
flankes
.
ALso
when
you
shall
bée
called
to
the
assaults
of
Townes
,
Fortes
,
trenches
,
&c.
you
must
endure
the
great
shot
,
if
it
bée
not
dismounted
,
wherefore
the
Officers
must
cause
the
soldiers
to
march
a
good
distance
a
sunder
,
and
euerie
man
close
to
his
loadsman
,
march
with
expedition
,
the
shot
making
way
to
the
hand
weapons
,
and
all
iointly
together
to
employ
themselues
vnto
victorie
,
your
Hargabuzers
vnto
the
Uoward
,
your
Archers
next
to
your
Pikes
,
as
this
example
sheweth
.
Certaine
pointes
to
exercise
and
traine
300.
men
to
seruice
.
A
Captaine
hauing
charge
of
300.
men
that
bée
expert
in
seruice
,
may
oftentimes
victoriouslie
accomplish
exploites
and
pointes
of
seruice
to
them
committed
,
which
great
numbers
vnperfect
may
not
attaine
vnto
.
The
better
to
instruct
the
same
,
here
follow
certaine
Orders
and
strengthes
in
aray
,
which
practised
in
time
conuenient
,
may
bring
perfection
of
seruice
at
neede
.
Sometime
placing
such
numbers
by
5.
in
ranke
,
may
bée
brought
to
diuerse
points
of
seruice
conuenient
,
60.
rankes
containe
300.
men
,
5.
in
ranke
.
TO
bring
the
first
march
of
5.
in
a
ranke
into
a
quadrant
proportion
,
you
must
deuide
your
long
weapons
into
thrée
parts
,
placing
soure
in
ranke
,
your
halbers
and
Ensigne
in
the
midst
,
and
ioyned
close
togither
fall
out
to
be
12.
quadrant
euerie
way
,
your
shot
placed
in
the
wings
readie
to
skirmish
,
in
the
bodie
of
the
battaile
are
120.
pikes
,
thirtie
halberds
,
and
in
the
wings
140.
shot
,
in
the
rereward
thirtie
shot
,
thus
is
the
number
at
the
sodaine
brought
to
strength
.
SOmetimes
augment
your
rankes
from
fiue
to
seuen
▪
●…o
〈◊〉
▪
rankes
containes
300.
men
,
which
are
to
be
ioyned
vnto
other
numbers
,
and
to
be
brought
to
force
.
SOmetimes
augment
these
7.
rankes
here
adioyning
to
9.
the
long
weapons
of
the
same
containe
18.
rankes
,
your
shot
placed
in
the
voward
&
rereward
,
as
the
ground
may
serue
,
is
a
hearse
or
broade
square
.
By
these
exercises
of
augmenting
rankes
as
doe
appeare
,
souldiers
may
be
brought
to
perfection
of
order
in
aray
,
and
by
the
same
be
brought
in
quadrant
or
herse
battaile
,
according
as
numbers
and
ground
will
serue
.
Orders
of
training
three
hundred
men
.
SOmtimes
the
Captaines
with
their
bandes
aforesaid
,
be
appointed
to
some
e●…polits
with
such
silence
that
Drums
sound
not
,
nor
clap
weapons
,
neither
vse
any
noise
vntill
they
haue
recouered
the
place
conuenient
for
their
enterprises
.
Also
sometimes
the
Officers
in
Rereward
sendeth
a
woor●…
passing
from
man
to
〈◊〉
vntil
it
come
to
the
voward
,
from
one
ranke
to
an
other
,
which
may
bée
said
Sar●…a
,
aduance
,
Bullet
in
the
mouth
▪
&c.
or
such
like
,
appointing
two
or
three
rankes
of
Gentlemen
▪
of
the
〈◊〉
of
S.
Georges
Squa●…ie
,
to
lead
the
voward
,
who
know
the
encounter
and
how
to
ioyne
,
and
thereby
that
way
by
order
of
the
officers
,
the
shot
doth
issue
to
skirmish
betwixt
the
skilfull
〈◊〉
beforesaid
.
The
battaile
may
ioyne
close
togither
if
o●…casion
requireth
:
also
the
rest
of
the
shot
may
wa●…e
thorow
to
helpe
the
voward
.
EUen
as
presently
you
haue
placed
12.
in
ranke
,
with
your
halberds
and
Ensigne
in
the
midst
,
so
may
they
likewise
fal
out
to
be
12.
in
ranke
in
bredth
,
and
13.
in
length
,
if
you
place
your
shot
in
the
front
&
rereward
,
the
which
as
occasion
serueth
,
may
be
brought
to
skirmish
any
wayes
.
This
battell
as
the
ground
serueth
is
verie
strong
against
the
enimie
.
SOmtimes
marching
in
straights
,
and
especially
hauing
some
gard
in
the
rereward
for
the
safetie
of
the
Ensigne
,
you
may
send
certaine
rankes
of
pikes
in
the
front
towards
the
enimie
,
which
shall
wade
through
to
strengthen
the
battaile
,
placing
the
one
halfe
of
your
shot
to
skirmish
in
the
front
,
the
other
halfe
in
the
rereward
.
SOmtimes
hauing
scope
of
ground
,
standing
in
doubt
of
horsemen
,
cause
the
numbers
to
march
12
▪
in
a
ranke
at
large
,
a
good
distance
a
sunder
,
and
so
to
stand
stil
,
euerie
man
towards
their
quarters
,
placing
their
shot
on
al
sides
betwixt
the
pikes
,
which
after
they
haue
discharged
,
being
charged
with
horse
,
may
retire
to
the
halberds
,
and
your
outward
fronts
farrie
close
togither
vntil
the
shot
haue
charged
,
&
at
the
repulse
of
the
horsemen
to
open
your
pikes
at
large
,
and
the
shot
to
be
commanded
to
issue
and
to
skirmish
as
they
were
in
the
fronts
.
This
battell
is
of
great
force
.
To
order
and
imbattell
400.
in
quadrant
proportion
.
FOure
hundreth
men
,
whether
they
serue
in
one
band
or
vnder
two
seuerall
Ensignes
,
may
be
brought
to
this
quadrant
proportion
against
the
defence
of
the
enimie
by
placing
15.
in
the
front
,
ioyning
foure
rankes
of
pikes
in
the
voward
,
&
foure
in
the
rereward
,
and
foure
in
the
flanks
,
your
halberds
and
Ensigne
in
the
midst
,
placing
your
shot
in
sixe
wings
for
the
rescuing
of
ech
other
,
the
rest
of
your
shot
in
the
voward
and
rereward
in
Diamond
wise
.
This
battell
for
so
small
a
number
is
of
great
force
.
THe
ground
may
be
such
as
it
shal
be
necessarie
to
place
the
same
number
in
manner
of
a
herse
,
or
twofold
battaile
,
placing
ten
in
ranke
in
length
,
and
20.
in
bredth
,
placing
your
halberds
and
Ensigne
in
the
midst
,
encountring
the
enimie
on
your
broad
side
,
so
shall
you
occupie
more
hands
then
the
quadrant
battaile
doth
,
taking
vp
lesse
ground
in
marching
,
then
the
other
battaile
.
You
must
cause
them
to
sarrie
close
togither
,
trailing
their
pikes
on
the
ground
,
being
readie
to
offer
the
push
to
the
footemen
,
and
to
crosse
for
the
defence
of
horsemen
,
your
shot
to
be
placed
as
before
you
appeareth
.
This
is
of
great
strength
,
so
that
the
enimie
cannot
enuiron
you
.
To
embattaile
500.
men
in
a
quadrant
proportion
.
ACcording
to
the
worthinesse
of
the
Captaine
,
the
greater
is
his
charge
,
as
one
Captaine
to
haue
charge
of
500.
men
vnder
one
Ensigne
,
the
which
if
any
Caualliere
of
the
order
would
bring
into
quadrant
battaile
,
hée
must
place
16
Pikes
in
front
,
making
4.
rankes
quadrant
,
placing
his
halberds
in
the
midst
with
the
Ensigne
,
so
hath
hée
in
the
bodie
of
the
battaile
250.
men
,
his
shot
to
be
placed
in
the
front
and
Rereward
110.
and
in
the
flanks
of
the
battaile
in
the
8.
winges
140.
the
which
béeing
discharged
may
discharge
&
retire
,
whereby
to
be
rescued
by
the
rest
.
They
may
in
this
proportion
March
any
way
vnto
them
néedefull
,
bée
it
either
to
trauaile
,
or
else
to
win
grounds
by
any
aduantage
.
SOmetimes
by
reason
of
the
ground
it
is
necessarie
to
bring
such
a
number
into
an
hearse
or
twofold
battaile
,
which
may
bée
more
auailable
then
the
Quadrant
battaile
.
To
bring
them
into
this
proportion
,
you
must
place
13.
Pikes
in
breadth
,
and
21.
in
length
,
your
Halberds
and
Ensigne
in
the
midst
,
your
shot
in
the
f●…onts
and
wings
.
Thus
in
order
they
may
turne
their
faces
,
and
march
any
way
to
them
néedefull
,
which
practise
may
greatly
auaile
at
time
of
néede
,
as
vnto
great
numbers
appertaineth
.
In
what
sort
Hargabuziers
and
Archers
are
to
be
guided
to
skirmish
.
FOr
that
in
all
skirmishes
shot
is
the
first
that
beginneth
the
fight
,
I
haue
thought
good
in
some
few
figures
to
set
downe
how
they
may
March
,
skirmish
,
inuade
,
and
retire
in
politik●…
maner
,
and
how
by
rankes
to
rescue
one
another
,
whereof
the
practise
in
this
smal
number
wil
giue
a
light
to
greater
knowledge
,
which
still
may
increase
as
the
deuises
of
new
inuentions
do
spring
,
wherein
I
would
wish
all
worthie
Gentlemen
&
couragious
minds
to
whet
their
politike
industrie
,
that
therby
they
may
shun
diuers
discommodities
and
vnknowen
daungers
,
&
attaine
to
the
tipe
of
true
valiancie
:
but
to
procéede
.
This
number
following
vpon
the
sight
of
the
enemies
,
must
march
thrée
in
a
ranke
,
casting
themselues
in
the
proportion
of
a
Ring
,
so
to
abide
there
,
appointing
themselues
to
approch
stil
in
aray
,
there
to
discharge
by
rankes
,
and
so
in
the
Rereward
to
charge
againe
,
being
readie
for
seruice
,
still
marching
round
and
whéeling
about
like
vnto
the
Rutters
.
THis
number
encountring
the
Ring
must
discharge
by
ranks
,
and
after
the
first
ranke
hath
discharged
,
to
retyre
betwixt
the
rankes
vntil
they
come
to
the
Rereward
,
there
to
charge
and
to
follow
his
loadsman
to
seruice
againe
.
Thus
may
you
continually
maintaine
skirmish
,
how
litle
or
great
soeuer
your
number
bée
,
it
giueth
great
encouragement
to
the
Souldiers
standing
but
one
shot
and
retireth
.
THese
two
bands
of
Hargabuzers
set
to
encounter
the
enemy
on
their
broad
sides
,
the
fronts
discharge
&
turne
their
faces
,
retyring
betwixt
the
other
,
which
aduance
in
like
maner
for
their
rescue
.
These
retire
and
charge
againe
to
seruice
,
by
practising
the
skirmish
in
this
sort
,
you
may
bring
bands
of
Archers
to
seruice
,
to
the
great
anoying
&
discomfiting
of
the
enemie
.
These
two
bands
change
rankes
,
and
place
on
their
broade
sides
.
These
bands
of
Archers
be
brought
to
seruice
by
the
Callieuers
afore
them
.
THese
bands
of
Archers
béeing
brought
to
seruice
by
the
Hargabuziers
,
although
the
hargabuziers
bée
accompted
to
be
of
greater
force
then
they
bee
of
,
and
the
Archers
not
now
so
much
vsed
in
the
field
as
they
haue
bin
,
yet
hauing
light
shaftes
made
to
shot
12.
or
14.
scoore
,
may
kéepe
their
place
,
shooting
al
together
ouer
the
heads
of
the
hargabuziers
,
to
the
gauling
,
blemishing
,
and
great
annoy
of
the
enemie
.
THese
two
bands
following
discharge
by
rankes
and
returne
to
the
Rereward
,
and
charge
againe
,
who
béeing
placed
fiue
in
a
ranke
like
to
two
hornes
,
are
to
bée
brought
to
skirmish
in
like
proportion
to
this
figure
.
The
fronts
or
voward
hauing
discharged
,
the
one
retyreth
on
the
left
hand
,
the
other
on
the
right
hand
vnto
the
Rereward
,
&
there
to
charge
againe
euery
one
a
fresh
,
following
his
loadsman
to
seruice
.
Orders
of
shot
verie
necessarie
for
diuers
intents
of
seruice
auailable
.
ACcording
to
the
number
of
the
enimies
,
you
must
answers
them
with
like
proportion
and
numbers
,
hauing
great
regard
to
obtaine
the
hill
,
wind
,
water
,
wood
,
marish
,
strength
of
vitch
,
coppes
,
&c.
the
which
greatly
auaileth
.
Sometimes
the
aduantage
of
ground
is
such
,
that
small
numbers
may
repulse
greater
numbers
.
The
grounds
large
and
plaine
,
make
your
main-ward
of
shot
large
and
strong
,
the
better
to
answere
the
enimie
,
the
fronts
to
discharge
and
retyre
to
the
Rereward
,
there
to
charge
againe
,
and
béeing
thus
ioined
in
skirmish
with
the
enimie
,
the
Officer
or
hée
that
guides
,
must
foresée
the
best
way
to
repulse
and
ouerthrow
the
enimie
,
sending
two
wings
to
slanke
the
enimies
and
to
encounter
them
,
the
which
béeing
wisely
foreseene
will
greatly
profit
.
SOuldiers
likewise
in
marching
,
charging
or
discharging
,
inuading
and
skirmishing
,
may
from
the
first
rankes
and
front
of
the
square
,
returne
and
wind
himselfe
thorow
the
ranke
,
béeing
seconded
by
his
companions
,
following
this
example
.
THese
thrée
bands
marching
at
large
may
wade
thorough
in
skirmish
,
or
retyre
betwixt
the
rankes
,
as
occasion
serueth
,
either
band
rescuing
other
,
to
charge
in
the
Rereward
,
and
to
aduance
to
seruice
againe
.
Thus
may
you
continually
maintaine
skirmish
or
volles
of
whole
shot
.
These
practises
and
others
of
better
inuention
,
together
with
such
like
warlike
exercises
in
times
conuentent
,
may
bring
perfection
to
seruice
with
shot
at
néede
,
the
rather
through
the
good
industrie
and
painfull
trauaile
of
the
Officers
and
the
Souldiers
,
by
whose
gentle
patience
it
is
sooner
obtained
.
The
order
of
skirmish
,
how
it
is
to
bee
gouerned
,
when
it
is
to
bee
accepted
,
and
when
to
bee
auoided
.
IT
béeing
necessary
for
euery
Sergeant
,
Lieutenant
and
Caual
liere
of
the
band
,
to
know
when
,
where
,
and
in
what
order
a
skirmish
is
to
bee
gouerned
,
when
to
bee
auoided
,
and
when
to
bée
accepted
to
the
benefite
of
the
whole
band
,
regiment
,
or
Armie
,
I
thought
good
to
ioine
to
those
proportions
of
training
,
somewhat
touching
the
same
:
wherein
for
that
there
bée
sundrie
occasions
which
moue
and
constraine
men
to
enter
into
skirmish
,
I
wil
amongst
the
rest
choose
out
thrée
which
I
iudge
most
principall
and
of
greatest
importance
.
The
first
is
,
when
wee
will
giue
the
enimie
experience
and
triall
of
our
valour
and
force
,
and
cunningly
to
perswade
him
(
by
a
souldier
that
yéelds
of
purpose
,
or
alter
sides
)
to
giue
credite
to
some
thing
which
may
arise
to
our
commoditie
and
his
domage
.
Likewise
by
taking
some
of
his
souldiers
prisoners
,
to
vnderstand
the
state
of
our
enemies
,
the
which
may
bée
more
aptly
termed
the
winning
of
aduertisements
,
the
which
things
is
most
expedient
wée
put
in
practise
.
The
second
is
,
when
wée
determine
to
gaine
any
passage
,
or
any
fortresse
or
strength
,
which
is
in
the
enemies
possession
,
or
like
to
fall
into
his
hands
if
preuention
bee
not
vsed
,
and
hauing
occupied
and
gained
the
same
,
to
retaine
it
for
the
seruice
of
our
Campe
.
The
third
is
,
when
wée
are
of
mind
to
kéepe
the
enimie
so
occupied
as
hée
march
not
at
his
pleasure
,
or
that
when
wée
do
march
our selues
he
become
not
domageable
to
our
own
people
,
or
to
the
bagage
,
or
any
thing
that
is
ours
being
of
importance
.
When
therfore
wée
will
giue
trial
or
experience
of
our selues
to
the
enemie
,
&
gaine
intelligences
,
or
win
aduertisements
of
him
:
it
is
requisite
there
be
election
made
of
a
leader
,
some
worthie
Caualliere
,
that
is
indued
with
prudent
pollicie
and
noble
valour
,
who
must
gouerne
this
skirmish
:
which
leader
,
must
take
with
him
a
quantitie
of
chosen
souldiers
,
&
according
as
the
accustomed
vse
is
,
must
haue
culled
out
of
euery
band
so
many
as
wil
amount
to
the
number
of
10.
out
of
ech
hundreth
,
a
hundreth
out
of
a
thousand
,
and
a
thousand
out
of
ten
thousand
,
or
some
such
like
reasonable
portion
.
When
the
leader
of
the
skirmish
hath
made
choise
of
the
place
and
ground
(
fit
for
his
purpose
)
wherein
hée
meanes
to
méete
with
the
enimies
(
the
which
will
not
be
difficile
for
that
he
is
the
chooser
,
inuentor
,
and
author
thereof
,
)
he
must
then
conduct
thither
a
quantitie
of
good
souldiers
,
with
an
assured
array
and
order
.
Hauing
first
and
beforehand
exhorted
them
to
due
obedience
,
and
opened
and
conferred
with
them
the
chiefe
circumstance
of
his
meaning
,
both
how
long
,
and
in
what
manner
the
enterprise
is
to
be
performed
,
to
the
intent
that
when
he
hath
accomplished
and
erecuted
so
much
as
he
was
determined
,
it
do
not
séeme
strange
vnto
them
to
make
retire
.
For
the
which
there
did
arise
great
quarrell
and
bloodie
issue
in
Germanie
,
betwixt
two
Italian
captaines
,
Giouan
Dominico
Napolello
of
Naples
,
and
captaine
Loatello
of
Cremen●…
,
both
valiant
gentlemen
,
the
one
of
them
perswading
the
other
to
retyre
from
a
skirmish
,
begin
to
the
purpose
before
mentioned
,
by
appointment
of
their
superiours
,
but
by
reason
the
one
would
not
obey
,
it
was
the
cause
of
great
disorder
.
He
must
likewise
haue
a
prouident
foresight
and
be
verie
circumspect
,
that
like
a
good
souldier
he
go
verie
warily
&
considerately
into
the
fight
and
skirmish
,
euer
watching
&
attending
for
his
continuall
aduantage
,
to
the
end
that
retyring
himselfe
vpon
a
sodaine
,
the
enimy
may
remaine
&
rest
repulsed
,
amazed
,
and
oppressed
,
that
the
whole
armie
may
conceiue
and
be
kept
in
a
good
impression
,
and
opinion
of
victorie
.
Now
this
foresaid
leader
being
arriued
with
the
people
in
the
sight
of
the
enimie
,
he
must
immediatly
with
his
souldiers
,
occupie
and
take
possession
of
the
ground
,
which
doth
best
please
him
,
which
is
most
apt
for
his
purpose
,
&
in
effect
is
the
strongest
▪
He
must
take
order
that
these
hargabussers
be
accompanied
with
armed
pikes
and
corselets
,
without
whose
fellowship
hargab●…siers
ought
neuer
to
be
sent
about
any
enterprise
,
specially
when
they
suspect
they
shall
méete
with
the
enimy
,
or
with
horsemen
.
Whensoeuer
souldiers
are
to
enter
into
skirmi●…h
,
their
leader
must
deuide
them
into
so
manie
parts
as
he
shall
think
expedient
,
which
diuision
must
be
vsed
according
as
the
quantitie
of
the
people
will
beare
,
so
that
in
euerie
part
their
ought
to
be
at
the
least
50.
souldiers
,
and
5.
or
6.
seuerall
parts
and
companies
:
Neuerthelesse
alwayes
foreséeing
and
prouiding
,
that
as
well
all
the
parts
togither
,
as
the
number
of
the
souldiers
of
euer
to
part
by
themselues
,
be
like
in
proportion
to
the
qualitie
and
force
of
the
enimy
,
and
equal
to
the
quantitie
of
their
number
,
the
which
may
be
knowne
verie
well
,
there
by
view
and
discouered
by
meanes
of
spies
,
or
by
manifest
and
assured
fame
.
To
euerie
which
part
he
must
appoint
a
sufficient
head
&
guid
,
a
noble
Cauallier
of
Saint
Georges
squadre
.
Then
must
he
send
out
certaine
souldiers
that
be
most
nimble
and
readie
to
prouoke
the
enimie
,
and
when
they
be
ioyned
in
skirmish
,
he
must
sodainely
increase
the
fight
with
sending
forth
the
second
part
:
and
then
rest
a
little
to
behold
,
to
the
intent
the
skirmish
may
begin
to
grow
whotter
:
at
which
time
he
must
likewise
send
the
third
troope
for
a
new
supplie
,
and
so
consequently
●…ne
after
another
▪
continue
on
the
incounter
.
The
most
fit
and
apt
time
when
the
souldiers
must
enter
the
skirmish
,
make
retyre
,
&
giue
a
fresh
onset
,
ought
to
be
shewed
and
made
manifest
by
the
sound
of
trumpets
to
horsemen
,
and
stroke
or
batterie
of
drummes
to
the
footemen
,
from
the
maine
stand
,
which
is
placed
in
some
plot
of
ground
,
resting
vigilant
in
a
forceable
squadron
,
for
the
sure
defence
and
retrait
of
those
that
skirmish
:
to
the
end
they
may
both
couragiously
fight
,
and
the
enimie
rest
confounded
&
despaire
of
his
victorie
,
when
hée
doth
perceiue
so
perfect
and
pollitike
an
order
.
The
which
for
the
most
part
makes
euerie
hard
difficultie
to
be
performed
with
great
facilitie
,
specially
in
the
discréet
&
famous
exercise
of
armes
.
To
giue
more
light
to
some
new
inuentions
of
skirmish
,
I
cannot
omit
to
declare
in
what
sort
I
haue
séene
skirmish
a
guidon
of
horsemen
Rutters
,
who
comming
to
the
fight
in
their
accustomed
squadres
,
and
from
thence
pricking
forward
some
of
the
first
rankes
and
threds
prouoke
the
enimie
▪
,
and
when
these
of
the
first
ranks
haue
discharged
their
Pistolets
,
making
Carier
&
being
charged
,
they
place
themselues
againe
at
the
backe
of
their
owne
squadre
,
from
whence
at
the
same
instant
time
others
of
the
first
ranks
do
disband
themselues
,
and
giue
charge
vpon
the
enimie
:
but
being
charged
themselues
of
the
enimie
,
retyring
,
they
conuey
themselues
behind
their
owne
people
,
which
already
before
them
are
ranged
for
their
saftie
in
their
square
,
so
that
as
many
more
immediatly
giuing
a
fresh
onset
,
by
breaking
out
of
the
squadre
,
which
is
maintained
and
renued
by
this
speciall
order
,
doe
with
maruellous
furie
force
the
enimie
,
&
in
this
order
skirmishing
in
a
winding
ring
,
in
round
,
as
is
before
set
downe
by
figure
,
do
still
maintaine
themselues
lusty
and
fresh
,
the
which
forme
of
fight
may
in
some
respectes
serue
in
this
place
for
an
example
.
But
to
returne
to
my
former
matter
,
I
say
,
when
the
skirmish
and
fight
hath
bene
maintained
valiantly
in
the
front
and
face
of
the
enimie
an
houre
and
a
halfe
,
or
else
two
houres
,
and
that
he
hath
taken
some
of
his
enimies
prisoners
,
for
the
obtaining
whereof
he
must
very
couragiously
and
whotly
procéede
,
which
is
to
be
vnderstood
,
the
winning
of
aduertisements
and
intelligences
from
the
enimie
:
since
by
that
meanes
he
may
haue
of
them
choise
and
contentation
,
he
may
then
at
his
pleasure
make
retraite
and
take
vp
the
skirmish
.
Moreouer
,
to
the
intent
he
may
retyre
with
aduantage
and
with
safetie
,
he
must
send
to
sustaine
the
fight
,
a
fresh
band
of
souldiers
that
with
greater
facilitie
he
may
front
the
furie
of
the
enimie
,
if
there
rise
desire
in
them
to
vrge
or
pursue
him
in
his
retyre
.
There
is
one
note
most
necessarie
to
be
obserued
in
an
army
,
regiment
or
band
,
that
neither
any
famous
Generall
or
prince
,
any
pollitike
personage
,
or
worthy
souldier
of
estimation
,
enter
into
the
faction
of
a
skirmish
,
but
rather
that
the
same
be
guided
and
gouerned
prudently
by
others
of
meaner
calling
.
For
although
the
enterprise
did
fall
out
to
the
aduantage
of
the
same
partie
,
yet
if
there
should
follow
the
losse
of
any
famous
and
notable
person
,
the
same
hath
not
onely
bene
of
great
domage
,
but
also
hath
bene
oftentimes
of
such
force
,
that
it
hath
stroken
a
terror
and
feare
in
the
minds
of
the
souldiers
,
specially
amongst
those
that
were
not
at
the
enterprise
,
neither
in
like
cases
will
it
satisfie
or
suffice
them
to
declare
or
solemnely
expresse
vnto
them
the
truth
,
but
that
vpon
such
special
losse
,
they
will
grow
into
vnaduised
iudgementes
and
timerous
dispositions
.
If
in
case
the
enimie
take
the
charge
and
malte
retyre
,
it
is
good
to
haue
taken
order
with
the
Caualliers
,
heads
&
guids
of
the
skirmish
,
that
as
néere
as
possible
they
can
,
they
force
their
people
to
make
stay
,
and
that
they
follow
the
enimie
no
further
,
since
that
in
this
point
they
do
not
contend
to
any
other
end
,
then
to
bréede
a
certaine
impression
and
good
opinion
in
the
minds
of
our
owne
souldiers
,
to
the
confusion
of
the
contrarie
part
,
and
to
winne
aduertisements
,
if
it
be
possible
,
the
which
is
all
the
effect
they
haue
to
performe
,
the
which
was
the
onely
motion
that
moued
them
to
attempt
this
enterprise
.
Now
when
he
determines
to
gaine
a
passage
,
or
any
other
strong
place
against
the
enimie
,
which
will
arise
to
their
disprofite
and
our
owne
commoditie
,
and
hauing
wonne
it
,
to
sustaine
and
defend
the
same
:
first
choise
must
be
made
of
a
vigilant
and
valiant
leader
,
although
it
hath
often
fallen
out
that
without
entring
into
skirmish
a
diligent
captaine
or
leader
,
hath
with
his
people
taken
possession
of
such
passages
or
strong
places
.
And
by
this
prouidence
,
it
ariseth
to
be
neither
difficile
nor
hard
to
be
defended
against
the
enimie
,
considering
that
all
such
suspected
extremities
&
bands
,
be
accustomed
to
be
strong
by
nature
,
whereunto
afterwards
ioyning
some
little
Art
,
for
the
most
part
they
become
expugnable
.
But
neuerthelesse
if
by
incountring
with
the
enimie
it
is
requisite
he
should
skirmish
,
I
iudge
it
verie
good
that
he
should
rashly
go
no
further
,
then
so
farre
as
the
souldiers
which
he
hath
sent
to
the
skirmish
haue
gained
.
To
obserue
perfite
gouernement
,
it
is
neuer
good
to
depart
from
the
order
before
rehersed
,
saue
onely
when
he
doth
sée
the
enimie
bend
and
shrinke
away
,
in
place
of
aduised
stay
&
pollitike
retention
in
procéeding
,
I
then
iudge
it
worthie
commendation
to
follow
the
victorie
,
but
for
al
that
,
with
such
consideration
and
so
aduisedly
,
that
their
ouer-great
courage
and
carelesse
ioy
be
not
the
occasion
of
disorder
and
confusion
,
togither
with
the
which
prosperitie
,
he
must
diligently
procure
his
people
to
gaine
the
passage
or
strong
place
,
to
the
end
if
the
enimy
should
go
about
to
succour
his
flying
and
broken
people
,
he
become
not
a
let
and
hinderance
to
his
determination
.
It
is
verie
requisite
he
likewise
note
,
that
when
the
enimie
is
so
fresh
and
of
such
force
,
that
it
is
impossible
to
ouerthrow
or
repulse
him
face
to
face
:
then
shall
it
be
to
the
purpose
to
moderate
the
same
euen
vntill
night
,
at
which
time
he
must
vse
al
the
pollicies
and
stratagems
he
can
possible
to
performe
his
determination
:
for
the
onely
marke
whereat
this
leader
must
shoote
,
must
onely
be
to
worke
such
meanes
as
he
may
gaine
the
passage
,
and
take
possession
of
the
strong
place
,
and
not
to
passe
the
time
in
skirmish
and
fight
:
hauing
wonne
the
same
,
he
must
indeuour
himselfe
to
defend
and
repaire
it
,
that
they
may
be
able
to
resist
all
the
furie
and
force
that
the
enimie
is
able
to
make
,
vntill
such
time
as
succours
come
to
him
from
his
campe
.
When
he
is
of
minde
to
entertaine
and
kéepe
the
enimie
occupied
,
to
the
intent
he
march
nor
iourney
not
at
his
pleasure
,
or
that
if
your
armie
doe
march
,
he
worke
not
any
domage
to
your
people
,
to
your
baggage
,
to
your
munitions
&
other
things
of
importance
:
It
is
verie
expedient
that
the
leader
of
this
skirmish
be
valiant
and
wise
:
who
must
determine
to
keepe
occupied
the
enimie
,
that
by
the
practise
thereof
it
may
arise
to
bee
profitable
to
the
performance
of
some
other
his
purposed
enterprise
.
After
he
hath
made
choise
amongst
his
souldiers
of
those
which
must
skirmish
,
he
must
deuide
them
as
is
before
rehersed
:
and
he
with
the
rest
of
the
people
to
him
vnited
,
as
néere
as
is
possible
,
must
march
alongst
the
strongest
situation
of
the
ground
,
&
then
must
send
those
that
are
deputed
and
appointed
to
the
skirmish
,
one
after
another
to
the
taile
of
the
enimies
battel
,
against
whom
they
must
skirmish
and
fight
,
euen
as
an
old
beaten
dog
about
some
Bul
or
furious
beast
doth
here
and
there
snatch
,
bite
and
turne
about
him
,
that
in
the
end
he
doth
kéepe
him
occupied
&
wearie
him
,
if
not
ouercome
.
When
he
hath
put
these
things
in
execution
,
he
must
gather
togither
his
people
in
the
best
sort
he
can
,
in
the
aforesaid
order
.
If
in
marching
his
owne
campe
doe
feare
to
be
assaulted
at
the
backe
,
or
that
he
hath
suspicion
of
his
baggage
,
or
doubts
some
impediments
on
the
flankes
:
then
must
the
leader
of
the
skirmish
make
repaire
with
his
people
to
that
place
,
where
hee
suspects
the
enimie
will
take
aduantage
:
and
march
farre
off
,
and
with
such
distance
from
his
campe
and
his
battailes
,
as
he
shall
thinke
conuenient
,
and
as
the
nature
of
the
place
doth
require
,
to
the
intent
he
may
bring
to
effect
his
determination
,
and
prosecute
the
same
to
a
good
end
,
the
which
is
to
auoid
the
inconuenience
,
that
the
enimy
neither
hurt
nor
hinder
his
baggage
and
munition
.
And
in
this
sort
with
good
order
he
must
follow
and
accompany
his
owne
people
,
and
with
those
that
be
appointed
for
the
fight
,
must
kéepe
occupied
and
intertaine
the
enimy
stil
skirmishing
,
retyring
,
and
marching
as
it
alwayes
fals
out
and
chanceth
to
him
that
valiantly
defends
himselfe
.
Concluding
then
,
I
say
,
that
it
séemes
good
and
verie
requisite
that
the
skirmish
for
the
most
part
should
be
fled
and
shunned
,
except
it
be
in
respect
of
some
of
the
thrée
foresaid
occasions
,
or
some
such
like
,
which
thereunto
may
be
adioyned
,
procéeding
of
a
practised
and
aduised
iudgement
,
for
it
is
a
verie
rash
and
vnaduised
thing
to
loose
men
of
valour
to
no
purpose
,
as
of
necessitie
in
skirmishes
doth
succéede
.
And
besides
the
losse
of
such
persons
of
estimation
,
which
ariseth
by
reason
of
rash
disorder
:
Moreouer
it
hath
bene
oftentimes
séene
,
that
whilest
he
goeth
about
to
succour
one
band
presently
enclosed
by
the
enimie
and
put
to
flight
(
by
reason
it
hath
bene
negligently
gouerned
,
as
for
the
most
part
it
fals
out
,
when
men
go
to
skirmish
moued
by
a
fantastical
rage
,
vain
ambition
,
and
to
smal
purpose
without
a
sufficient
appointed
chiefe
or
head
,
or
rather
without
speciall
commission
from
the
captaine
Generall
,
the
which
aduertisement
is
principally
to
be
noted
)
there
hath
such
inconuenience
succéeded
,
that
an
armie
hath
sometimes
bene
constrained
to
hazard
and
come
to
the
fight
of
a
maine
battell
vpon
a
suddaine
,
a
thing
maruellous
perillous
,
and
that
ought
of
necessitie
to
be
fled
,
without
manifest
aduantage
of
a
perfite
and
a
well
practised
Generall
.
Sundrie
aduertisements
fit
for
a
worthie
Cauallier
to
obserue
.
-
1
First
in
the
view
of
a
batterie
.
-
2
Secondly
in
describing
the
condition
of
a
situation
of
any
place
.
-
3
And
thirdly
in
disclosing
the
order
the
enimie
obserues
,
either
encamping
or
marching
.
Although
an
excellent
and
prudent
captaine
Generall
in
all
his
affaires
must
vse
the
seruice
of
practised
souldiers
,
such
as
may
be
supposed
to
haue
sufficient
knowledge
in
these
aforesaid
respects
:
yet
doe
I
coniecture
it
verie
necessarie
to
make
choise
of
a
man
that
besides
his
sufficient
experience
in
diuerse
warlike
practises
of
training
,
ordering
,
directing
,
and
leading
souldiers
,
yet
would
I
wish
the
said
worthy
Cauallier
to
carrie
a
hautie
and
hardie
heart
,
a
bold
and
valiant
bodie
,
and
moreouer
that
he
be
accompanied
with
an
excellent
iudgement
in
matters
appertaining
to
the
exercise
of
Armes
:
specially
in
those
causes
conuenient
to
be
accomplished
by
him
or
his
equals
.
Who
after
he
hath
receiued
commission
to
view
any
batterie
,
and
that
he
is
sufficiently
armed
,
able
to
defend
himselfe
(
which
as
néere
as
is
possible
he
must
finde
the
meanes
to
be
)
he
ought
to
take
with
him
some
one
hargabusier
,
a
man
of
valour
,
to
repulse
and
annoy
the
enimies
which
are
at
the
defence
,
if
hée
should
stand
in
néede
or
be
discouered
,
and
to
the
intent
he
may
aid
him
in
other
accidents
that
might
fall
out
:
but
after
he
is
guided
and
entred
into
the
action
of
his
enterprise
,
he
must
aduisedly
enforme
himselfe
,
and
take
the
view
how
great
the
breach
is
,
and
how
hye
the
entrance
is
of
ruinated
earth
,
and
both
what
and
how
great
the
difficultie
is
to
ascend
thereupon
,
considering
well
what
effect
the
fall
of
the
wall
hath
made
,
and
being
ascended
or
at
leastwise
so
néere
as
is
possible
,
hauing
done
his
indeuour
to
mount
vp
the
breach
,
he
must
go
about
to
view
secreatly
and
sufficiently
the
largenesse
within
,
which
is
betwixt
the
battered
wall
and
the
houses
,
and
how
much
the
fal
of
the
battery
is
in
that
place
:
and
togither
with
this
he
must
indeuour
himselfe
to
sée
if
the
said
batterie
be
flancked
within
or
not
,
if
it
be
safe
or
secure
,
if
the
place
be
plaine
,
easie
,
or
hard
and
headlong
to
ascend
:
and
in
sum
,
he
must
consider
by
what
means
and
which
is
the
best
way
,
that
they
within
may
defend
themselues
.
Al
the
which
,
so
néere
as
is
possible
,
he
ought
to
doe
with
great
diligence
and
wisdome
,
as
well
in
perfite
discouery
of
all
these
important
difficulties
,
as
in
spéedie
returne
,
taking
view
and
making
choise
at
the
same
instant
of
the
most
close
&
couert
way
,
wherein
the
souldiers
may
with
greatest
commoditie
approch
to
giue
assault
to
the
breach
and
batterie
.
Ouer
which
troopes
it
doth
for
the
most
part
appertaine
to
this
Cauallier
to
be
the
guide
:
Now
vpon
his
returne
,
he
must
make
full
discourse
of
euerie
particular
to
him
that
hath
sent
him
,
to
the
intent
that
his
prince
or
General
may
with
al
spéed
appoint
the
order
of
the
assault
,
that
the
lesse
time
may
be
giuen
the
enimy
to
make
contermures
,
bulwarks
,
and
trenches
to
defend
himselfe
.
I
am
of
opinion
likewise
,
that
that
souldier
or
worthy
Cauallier
ought
to
be
no
lesse
then
the
foresaid
,
of
a
practised
and
pregnant
wit
,
to
whom
charge
is
giuen
to
discouer
the
qualitie
and
condition
of
the
situation
of
the
enimies
countrie
,
or
the
place
where
he
remaines
:
who
after
he
hath
considered
of
the
same
,
although
he
that
sent
him
hath
not
expresly
declared
him
his
meaning
and
intention
touching
the
same
,
or
his
ful
meaning
:
yet
being
conducted
to
the
place
,
he
must
with
the
least
shew
,
rumour
or
noise
possible
,
cause
the
people
that
go
with
him
to
enter
into
ambush
,
to
the
intent
he
be
not
discouered
or
disturbed
by
the
enimie
,
which
done
,
he
must
warily
and
discréetly
view
and
ouerview
,
search
and
go
through
euery
place
,
noting
out
the
quantitie
of
the
waters
which
run
through
the
countrie
,
the
capacitie
of
the
plains
,
if
therein
be
marish
grounds
or
not
,
the
depth
and
bredth
of
the
vales
,
the
roughnesse
of
the
mountaines
,
their
height
and
capacitie
,
if
they
be
naked
,
clothed
with
hye
or
lowe
wood
,
or
else
plowed
and
pasture
ground
:
and
if
there
be
townes
and
habitations
,
whether
they
be
placed
vpon
plaines
,
mountaines
,
or
néere
the
water
,
whether
they
be
inclosed
with
wals
and
fortified
or
not
,
and
of
what
bignesse
and
qualitie
of
forme
they
be
:
and
so
consequently
he
shal
make
note
of
euerie
particular
point
,
as
I
haue
written
in
a
speciall
discourse
hereunto
adioyned
,
considering
that
some
of
these
and
like
particulars
,
may
verie
often
helpe
and
do
good
seruice
,
and
arise
to
be
of
great
importance
.
In
this
selfe
sort
&
order
he
may
very
well
discouer
all
the
passages
and
wayes
from
the
time
he
doth
depart
,
euen
vntill
he
ariue
againe
,
alwayes
marking
and
making
aduised
choise
of
the
best
and
shortest
:
so
that
he
may
giue
to
his
prince
or
Generall
a
true
information
and
full
relation
of
euerie
thing
,
to
the
intent
his
Generall
may
with
great
reason
and
to
his
most
aduantage
,
determine
of
that
which
shall
arise
to
his
greatest
profite
,
and
to
the
enimies
disaduantage
:
as
was
by
Charles
the
fift
obserued
at
the
riuer
Alba
,
by
the
Spaniards
at
Sirick
sea
,
and
by
that
famous
Prince
Don
Iohn
D'austria
at
sundrie
times
,
specially
when
in
person
the
day
after
he
returned
from
Luxemburge
to
Namures
,
he
made
discouerie
of
the
ground
about
the
prince
of
Orange
and
States
Campe
,
lying
at
Templo
,
where
by
the
commaundement
of
my
Collonell
the
Baron
of
Cherau
,
I
amongst
the
rest
of
his
owne
squadrons
lay
in
Ambascade
,
for
the
safetie
of
our
Generals
retire
,
by
whose
prudent
discouerie
and
valiant
courage
,
the
next
day
with
two
thousand
fiue
hundred
footemen
and
nine
hundred
horsemen
,
wée
ouerthrew
eightéene
thousand
of
the
enimies
,
slew
12000
▪
tooke
all
their
bagage
and
Artillarie
.
Now
lastlie
when
it
is
requisite
to
disclose
and
discouer
the
order
and
maner
which
the
enimie
obserues
,
either
béeing
encamped
or
in
marching
,
it
behooues
a
good
souldier
aduisedly
to
take
the
view
and
knowledge
thereof
,
in
as
good
order
as
time
and
occasion
wil
permit
.
And
if
in
case
the
enimie
remaine
firme
and
encamped
,
I
iudge
it
verie
requisite
if
it
bée
possible
,
to
take
view
of
the
Campe
round
about
,
at
leastwise
as
much
as
hée
can
well
,
taking
notice
how
many
Corps
de
garde
they
kéepe
without
their
Campe
,
and
so
likewise
what
part
of
the
situation
thereof
doth
make
it
most
weake
,
what
part
is
strongest
,
and
which
part
is
betwixt
both
,
béeing
able
to
render
accompt
with
good
reason
of
all
these
things
in
discourse
like
a
politike
and
practised
souldier
:
The
performance
whereof
sometimes
is
with
more
assurance
and
better
brought
to
passe
in
the
night
then
in
the
day
.
If
in
case
the
enimie
bée
in
his
iourney
and
do
march
,
I
suppose
it
verie
necessary
to
discouer
in
what
order
they
march
,
and
in
what
manner
and
forme
they
haue
planted
their
squadrons
,
set
in
order
and
armed
the
Rereward
,
the
battaile
&
vantgard
,
and
both
the
one
flanke
and
the
other
,
if
they
haue
Artillarie
,
or
that
they
bée
without
,
and
together
with
this
he
must
discouer
the
condition
and
situation
of
the
ground
where
they
march
,
and
which
way
they
bend
their
course
to
encamp
,
where
they
make
alta
and
stay
.
Hée
must
likewise
search
out
and
diligently
discipher
,
whether
they
march
with
feare
,
whether
they
kéepe
good
order
,
whether
they
make
hast
:
all
this
as
néere
as
is
possible
hée
must
discerne
,
and
with
spéede
indeuour
himselfe
to
giue
information
of
ech
particular
thing
vnto
his
Prince
or
Generall
,
to
the
intent
when
the
first
occasion
doth
offer
,
(
which
is
commonly
when
they
make
stay
at
their
lodging
)
hée
may
determine
to
molest
them
by
suddaine
Alarums
,
Canuasados
,
and
other
such
like
surprises
or
attemptes
.
And
that
in
this
second
and
last
discouery
which
is
of
marching
,
to
the
end
(
béeing
informed
of
their
qualitie
)
hée
may
determine
what
to
doe
,
if
not
than
,
at
least●…
wise
when
occasion
doth
offer
:
wherefore
I
am
of
opinion
,
that
together
with
approued
practise
,
and
the
due
consideration
of
these
Rules
and
aduertisements
,
it
makes
much
to
the
purpose
that
a
good
souldier
should
haue
some
knowledge
of
drawing
and
painting
proportions
of
Cities
,
fortresses
,
bulwarkes
,
&c.
together
with
some
vnderstanding
in
the
art
prospectiue
&
of
proportion
:
for
it
often
chanceth
to
be
a
thing
verie
difficile
to
giue
directions
,
and
driue
him
that
gouernes
or
is
Generall
to
vnderstand
some
particularities
,
like
to
these
onely
by
plaine
woordes
,
although
they
were
ample
and
manifest
,
whereof
the
discription
by
draught
béeing
well
knowen
,
accompanied
with
the
liuely
voice
of
the
Relator
,
it
makes
the
Prince
more
capable
to
determine
what
is
to
bee
executed
for
performance
of
his
important
enterprises
.
Diuerse
notes
due
for
a
singuler
good
Souldier
and
Caualliere
to
obserue
,
when
hee
must
giue
to
his
Captaine
Generall
or
Prince
,
a
true
discription
and
full
relation
of
the
Countries
,
Cities
,
and
Castels
of
a
whole
state
or
kingdome
.
IT
is
the
opinion
of
all
men
that
bee
of
perfect
experience
in
Armes
,
that
it
particularlie
appertaines
to
the
Captain
Generall
,
to
haue
a
perfect
discription
,
and
diligent
relation
of
the
fortified
places
,
&
the
particular
state
in
euery
point
of
all
the
Prouince
that
is
committed
to
the
Generals
custodie
,
whether
generally
or
particularlie
.
Therefore
a
worthy
souldier
&
noble
Caualliere
may
alwaies
increase
in
his
Princes
sauor
:
hée
must
be
euer
readie
to
prefer
his
important
affaires
,
chiefly
in
this
speciall
seruice
of
aduertisement
&
discouerie
:
(
Touching
which
Guichardines
discriptions
of
the
low
Countries
may
bée
a
patterne
)
,
for
the
performance
whereof
,
hauing
receiued
his
full
Commission
of
authoritie
,
it
is
most
conuenient
for
him
,
both
particularly
and
in
generall
,
to
examine
,
discouer
,
view
,
take
notice
,
the
prospectiue
&
plot
of
euery
place
with
aduised
iudgement
,
&
not
by
fortune
as
many
are
accustomed
,
for
that
they
cannot
otherwise
do
,
not
hauing
sufficient
knowledge
of
the
Bussola
,
which
with
great
industrie
hath
bin
to
this
end
found
out
and
made
more
ample
by
the
Conte
Iulio
de
Tiene
.
For
which
respect
it
is
conuenient
he
take
the
platforme
of
euery
walled
towne
in
that
state
,
and
with
due
measured
distance
therein
,
must
note
&
make
the
proportion
of
the
walles
,
bulwarkes
,
the
mounts
,
rockes
,
gates
,
ditches
,
the
market
places
with
their
bignes
,
the
principall
stréetes
with
their
circumstances
,
specially
whether
there
bée
any
hanging
or
high
hill
or
ground
,
that
vpon
any
side
is
opposite
of
a
iust
space
and
reasonable
distance
,
from
whence
according
to
sufficient
consideration
and
examination
therein
,
artillarie
or
any
other
engine
may
offend
and
endomage
the
same
.
Hée
must
set
out
likewise
,
whether
the
bulwarkes
,
walles
or
rocks
be
weake
or
strong
,
old
or
new
,
repaired
or
ruinous
,
rampiers
,
or
otherwise
,
if
their
situation
lie
hie
or
low
,
on
marish
ground
,
sand
,
grauell
,
or
rockes
,
or
vpon
auncient
buildings
or
ruines
.
Likewise
let
him
discribe
towards
what
part
of
the
world
they
stand
,
whether
East
,
West
,
South
or
North
:
If
they
will
suffer
or
bée
in
danger
to
bée
myned
,
to
bée
battered
,
to
bée
assaulted
with
ladders
,
or
with
any
other
manifest
or
secret
er●…
pugnation
,
and
vpon
what
side
and
place
.
Hée
must
set
downe
notice
if
there
bée
fountains
or
cesternes
,
if
great
ryuers
or
floodes
,
and
if
the
said
water
bée
possible
to
bee
taken
away
,
stopt
,
or
infected
of
the
enimie
:
and
must
aduertise
what
remedie
may
bée
vsed
to
the
contrarie
.
Moreouer
hee
must
consider
in
what
ayre
those
Cities
stand
,
if
in
whoat
or
cold
,
drie
or
moist
,
or
rather
mirt
and
temperate
,
&
if
the
places
be
apt
to
be
kept
&
defended
:
If
the
ayre
wil
suffer
that
victuales
,
munitions
,
and
souldiers
will
bee
conserued
,
or
otherwise
.
What
store
of
victuales
is
in
ech
Towne
or
Fortresse
,
or
the
countrie
adioining
,
and
whether
there
bee
fit
commoditie
to
carie
and
recarie
the
same
by
water
or
by
land
.
And
if
the
place
bée
vpon
the
sea
coast
,
whether
it
bée
a
hauen
Towne
or
fisher
towne
,
what
depth
the
barre
is
of
at
the
ebbe
and
full
,
the
capacitie
of
the
harbour
,
and
what
s●…oare
of
vessels
belong
to
the
same
,
together
with
the
disposition
of
the
sea
faring
men
,
the
goodnes
of
the
shippes
,
both
for
swift
saile
and
fight
,
how
they
are
stoar●…
with
ordinance
and
munitions
,
and
armde
with
netting
,
grates
and
feightes
&c
▪
Let
him
diligently
obserue
how
many
housholds
and
houses
bée
in
euerie
towne
,
how
many
persons
,
how
many
able
men
for
souldiers
vpon
foote
,
how
many
for
horsemen
,
and
how
many
for
pioners
,
how
many
oxen
,
how
many
horses
to
dra●…
cartes
or
artillarie
,
how
many
beastes
of
burden
to
carrie
victuales
ech
place
is
able
to
kéepe
or
make
,
what
artillarie
,
what
munition
and
victuales
bee
found
in
ech
Towne
or
fortresse
,
from
whence
euery
place
may
be
succoured
and
victualed
,
and
from
whence
victuales
may
bée
had
to
sustain
those
places
which
are
apt
to
bée
defended
and
kept
.
How
many
souldiers
there
bée
of
the
infantarie
,
and
how
many
of
the
Cauallarie
,
if
they
oftentimes
vse
exercise
of
Armes
,
and
make
shewes
or
Musters
,
whether
they
bée
well
or
euill
armed
,
coragious
or
cowards
,
politike
or
rash
,
obedient
or
mutinous
,
expert
or
ignorant
,
old
or
new
bands
,
and
shall
in
effect
consider
what
is
to
bée
looked
for
at
their
hands
,
or
what
their
abilitie
is
apt
to
performe
.
This
done
,
hée
may
with
all
other
requisite
diligence
,
set
downe
notice
of
any
other
particular
or
necessarie
thing
.
If
the
Riuers
and
floodes
bée
nauegable
,
if
they
ebbe
or
flow
,
if
they
bée
easie
to
bée
kept
,
and
their
bridges
,
foords
,
and
passages
be
defended
,
where
they
bée
weake
or
stronge
,
ebbe
or
déepe
,
the
which
is
easie
to
bée
knowen
:
for
where
the
water
is
most
ebbe
or
shallow
&
most
fit
for
a
foard
,
there
doth
appeare
a
rigge
or
streame
caused
of
the
substance
and
matter
which
doth
run
by
the
depth
and
doth
make
stay
there
,
the
which
for
that
it
hath
oftentimes
bin
experimented
,
is
most
true
as
diuers
haue
tried
.
Hée
must
discrie
the
condition
of
the
hilles
,
of
the
vallies
,
the
qualitie
of
the
confines
,
of
the
waters
,
of
the
fennes
,
of
the
myres
and
lakes
and
other
thinges
worthie
to
bée
noted
,
and
in
what
part
of
the
prouince
the
ground
is
fertile
or
barraine
,
if
abundantly
it
bringes
foorth
graine
,
grapes
,
fruites
,
oyles
,
séedes
,
flaxe
or
hempe
:
what
store
of
cattell
and
beastes
there
bée
,
and
of
what
sorts
:
If
that
there
bée
woodes
,
and
towards
what
part
:
If
therein
grow
wood
for
building
or
for
fire
.
Let
him
likewise
aduertise
whether
the
entrance
of
the
countrie
bée
difficile
,
and
the
issue
easie
:
or
contrarie
.
And
amongst
other
things
to
bée
considered
,
it
is
a
thing
of
great
importance
,
to
vnderstand
perfectly
whether
the
people
bée
industrious
or
ydle
,
if
warlike
or
labourers
,
if
quiet
or
disquiet
,
if
friendly
or
factious
.
If
the
footemen
for
weapons
vse
the
hargabuze
,
musket
,
halberd
&
pike
,
or
the
bow
,
the
dart
,
and
browne
bill
,
if
short
swords
and
poynaldes
,
or
long
swords
and
great
daggers
.
If
the
horsemen
vse
firelocke
peeces
,
or
snap-haunces
,
if
pistolets
,
launces
,
and
long
chasing
staues
:
or
else
what
manner
of
weapon
they
vse
,
their
nature
and
order
in
feight
:
and
what
policies
and
stratagemes
they
are
accustomed
to
vse
.
And
to
conclude
,
hée
must
thus
in
writing
,
in
notes
,
in
plaine
draughts
and
painting
,
let
him
with
good
deliberation
and
aduisement
,
and
not
rashlie
make
manifest
and
apparant
euery
small
particular
thing
,
to
the
intent
that
his
Prince
,
Generall
,
Collonell
,
or
Captaine
,
béeginning
at
the
one
end
,
may
with
the
eye
of
his
mind
,
run
ouer
&
peruse
the
whole
,
one
by
one
in
due
proportion
,
briefly
&
plainly
in
a
table
,
as
the
view
of
a
gallant
Theater
,
from
whence
the
veile
of
the
shading
curtaine
is
suddainlie
drawne
,
and
make
apparant
to
the
eyes
of
all
the
beholders
,
the
sight
of
some
sumpteous
shew
,
or
that
taking
hold
at
the
one
end
,
hée
may
draw
altogether
like
a
well
linked
chaine
:
so
that
any
one
which
hath
not
séene
the
place
,
beholding
the
portrature
thereof
,
may
thinke
hée
doth
view
the
same
with
his
eyes
,
whereby
all
these
discriptions
of
the
said
countrie
in
generall
,
or
any
parcel
in
particular
,
may
verie
wel
serue
,
and
with
great
aide
direct
him
that
must
enter
into
or
gouerne
a
Prouince
,
to
the
great
increase
of
the
honour
of
any
noble
Prince
or
worthy
Captaine
.
These
and
such
like
bée
the
qualities
I
would
wish
to
bée
in
a
valiant
Caualliere
of
Saint
Georges
squadre
,
in
a
Lieutenant
,
Sergeant
,
or
any
other
good
souldiers
,
that
hée
may
know
how
to
direct
,
guid
,
gouerne
,
traine
,
skirmish
,
view
,
discouer
,
and
discribe
the
proportion
and
situation
of
Countries
.
And
for
the
better
performance
thereof
,
to
haue
good
knowledge
in
the
Mathematikes
,
speciallie
in
Algarosme
,
Algebra
,
and
Geometrie
,
whereby
hée
may
worthily
merite
a
good
Souldiers
name
.
A
rule
to
set
any
number
of
Souldiers
in
aray
.
THe
footemen
béeing
brought
into
the
place
where
they
are
to
bée
put
in
aray
:
First
you
must
foresée
,
that
it
bée
fit
for
the
purpose
,
and
so
capable
,
that
the
aray
may
commodiously
turne
on
the
right
and
the
left
hand
,
as
much
as
may
bée
:
neuerthelesse
according
to
the
number
of
the
souldiers
you
haue
,
afterwardes
proceede
in
this
fort
.
First
the
Pikes
must
bee
drawen
by
themselues
on
one
side
together
with
the
Ensignes
,
and
vpon
the
other
side
all
the
Hargabuziers
,
somewhat
aloofe
off
distant
from
the
pikes
,
béeginning
to
make
the
hargabuziers
march
,
so
many
in
a
ranke
as
you
list
,
parting
them
neuerthelesse
according
to
their
number
:
You
may
put
them
from
3.
to
12.
in
a
ranke
,
for
it
is
not
often
séene
that
more
then
a
leuen
is
put
in
a
ranke
,
how
great
soeuer
the
number
of
the
footmen
bée
,
neither
in
troath
ought
they
to
bee
more
then
a
leuen
,
for
when
they
passe
a
leuen
or
twelue
they
are
not
to
bée
accompted
an
aray
,
but
rather
a
battaile
.
Hauing
then
placed
the
number
of
the
Hargabuziers
you
shal
thinke
good
of
,
to
bee
in
a
ranke
,
you
shall
cause
them
to
march
in
good
proportion
,
sending
foorth
one
ranke
after
another
,
the
Sergeant
standing
still
on
one
side
,
causing
them
to
passe
before
him
,
iudging
by
eye-sight
from
ranke
to
ranke
of
all
the
Souldiers
one
by
one
,
whether
they
bee
right
in
lyne
,
obserue
distance
,
and
whether
they
doe
moue
foorth
of
their
order
and
aray
,
for
this
is
the
beautie
and
importance
of
an
aray
.
Moreouer
,
the
Sergeant
hauing
speciall
respect
to
accommodate
and
place
at
the
head
of
the
aray
,
all
the
Corporals
or
Lancia
Spezzata
which
carie
Calliuers
,
placing
next
vnto
them
the
best
and
the
best
furnished
Souldiers
,
putting
a
Drumme
behinde
the
second
ranke
,
that
is
to
say
,
before
the
third
,
placing
at
the
taile
of
the
aray
the
best
and
best
armed
,
to
the
intent
the
aray
may
shew
the
better
,
forasmuch
as
when
they
are
deuided
into
aray
,
the
hargabuziers
from
the
Pikes
,
and
that
they
turne
their
faces
,
then
the
backe
part
is
made
the
front
,
therefore
the
backe
ought
to
bée
as
well
furnished
as
the
front
,
or
the
head
of
the
aray
,
as
you
will
please
to
tearme
it
:
The
which
if
you
desire
to
doe
,
it
is
necessarie
you
put
in
the
midst
of
the
rankes
the
weakest
and
worst
furnished
,
aduertising
the
Sergeant
that
the
souldiers
are
best
furnished
,
when
they
haue
all
sortes
of
armes
and
furniments
that
bee
necessarie
for
them
,
and
appertaines
to
a
Hargabuzier
,
good
match
,
fyer
,
coall
,
pouder
and
bullet
,
and
moreouer
L'azzino
:
And
this
is
to
bee
obserued
with
that
spéede
and
diligence
,
that
the
time
or
occasion
doth
carie
,
and
the
suspition
of
the
enimie
doth
import
.
And
in
one
present
time
,
if
the
Sergeant
haue
commission
,
hee
must
distribute
munition
to
the
Hargabuziers
,
as
bullet
,
match
,
or
pouder
,
and
to
haue
a
man
about
him
to
carrie
the
munition
,
and
hee
afterwardes
goe
about
dispersing
of
it
,
and
in
giuing
the
pouder
,
hee
must
haue
a
Tunnell
with
a
small
and
narrowe
pipe
,
to
the
intent
it
may
enter
into
the
pipe
of
euery
one
of
their
flaskes
,
and
with
a
measure
that
doth
holde
so
much
pouder
,
as
hee
will
giue
vnto
euerie
Hargabuzier
at
one
time
,
or
at
twice
:
and
so
to
euery
ranke
one
by
one
as
they
goe
passing
forwardes
,
the
Sergeant
causing
to
march
forward
his
aray
before
him
,
faire
and
softlie
ranke
by
ranke
,
by
which
meanes
hée
shall
not
confound
them
.
If
it
chaunce
that
hée
do
not
distribute
munition
at
one selfe
time
,
hee
shall
cause
the
Pikes
on
an
other
side
to
put
themselues
in
aray
,
as
manie
in
a
ranke
as
the
Hargabuziers
shall
bee
,
deuiding
the
best
armed
with
Corselets
,
the
one
halfe
to
the
head
,
and
the
other
halfe
to
the
backe
,
and
the
disarmed
pikes
in
the
midst
,
and
in
the
midst
of
them
place
the
Ensignes
with
their
garde
of
Halberdes
,
with
certaine
Drummes
about
the
said
Ensignes
,
that
is
,
in
the
Piazza
or
void
place
,
where
the
Ensigne
is
to
bée
managed
:
those
Drummes
and
Fiftes
that
you
haue
,
shall
march
before
the
Standerd
bearers
:
And
the
Sergeant
causing
the
Pikes
to
march
foreward
,
shall
number
howe
manie
rankes
they
bée
,
and
shall
kéepe
them
in
memorie
,
to
the
intent
that
if
hee
bee
to
make
a
battillion
,
hée
may
knowe
how
to
gouerne
himselfe
,
and
so
cause
the
said
Pikes
to
march
and
turne
once
againe
,
and
hauing
then
well
accommodated
the
aray
of
the
Pikes
,
with
the
Ensignes
placed
iust
in
the
midst
,
with
the
Drumm●…s
and
Fiftes
before
them
,
as
I
haue
said
,
causing
the
Ensignes
to
haue
an
ample
and
large
roome
and
P●…azzo
,
from
the
two
rankes
that
bee
about
him
,
that
is
,
from
that
which
is
before
,
and
from
the
other
that
doth
march
right
behind
him
,
to
the
intent
the
Ensignes
may
bee
well
shewed
and
managed
.
When
they
bee
well
set
in
order
,
it
is
necessarie
to
cause
the
Pikes
to
stay
and
stand
,
and
the
Sergeant
hauing
staied
them
,
hée
shall
then
go
where
hée
hath
first
accommodated
the
Hargabuziers
,
and
shall
cause
them
to
march
forward
,
néere
where
the
Pikes
are
in
order
of
aray
.
And
the
Sergeant
hauing
first
numbred
likewise
the
rankes
of
the
Hargabuziers
,
and
béeing
staied
where
the
Pikes
,
after
the
one
halfe
of
the
Hargabuziers
is
past
,
that
is
,
if
they
bée
in
all
50.
rankes
,
when
25.
bée
past
,
the
Sergeant
shall
enter
with
his
Halberd
ouerthwart
them
,
and
staying
and
pressing
backe
the
other
25.
rankes
,
hée
shall
cause
to
enter
after
a
goodlie
and
readie
manner
,
all
the
Pikes
and
Ensignes
,
causing
them
euer
to
march
forward
,
and
when
they
bée
all
past
away
,
vpon
the
approching
of
the
last
rankes
of
Pikes
,
hée
shall
cause
the
rest
of
the
Hargabuziers
to
enter
into
aray
,
the
which
béeing
done
,
the
aray
shall
bée
faire
and
perfect
,
and
it
will
bée
good
that
hée
cause
them
to
march
and
turne
thrée
or
sower
times
,
to
the
intent
they
may
settle
themselues
the
better
,
and
that
they
may
enter
into
their
pace
,
their
aray
,
and
the
vnderstanding
of
the
Drumme
,
for
that
makes
them
more
apt
to
go
iust
,
learning
one
of
an
other
a
stately
and
conuenient
pace
,
and
to
beare
their
weapons
of
all
sorts
with
a
good
grace
,
and
specially
the
Pikes
.
A
good
Sergeant
must
take
care
to
make
stay
in
euery
discommodious
place
,
or
streit
passage
,
as
when
they
go
downe
or
discend
from
some
Mountaine
,
at
the
passage
of
a
foarde
or
streit
bridge
,
or
at
a
ditch
,
or
a
water
,
or
some
such
other
vneasie
and
streit
passage
,
that
hée
iudgeth
would
breake
the
aray
,
as
oftentimes
is
found
in
marching
.
And
orderly
without
confusion
cause
them
to
passe
ranke
after
ranke
faire
and
easilie
,
holding
back
with
the
end
of
his
Halberd
the
ranke
next
to
that
which
is
in
passing
,
vntil
it
be
thorowly
ouer
and
placed
in
array
as
before
,
to
the
intent
the
order
of
aray
be
not
confounded
in
any
ranke
,
neither
let
him
depart
from
that
place
vntill
such
time
as
all
the
rankes
be
past
,
for
so
the
aray
wil
not
be
disordered
,
but
shall
march
right
and
iust
,
which
is
a
thing
of
great
importance
,
specially
in
marching
in
doubt
of
the
enimie
:
and
therefore
hauing
caused
them
all
first
to
make
Alta
,
he
shall
command
them
to
obserue
aray
,
distance
and
rankes
,
without
thrusting
or
crouding
vntill
all
be
past
the
straite
passage
.
A
rule
how
to
make
the
aray
of
the
Bissa
.
SInce
there
be
sundry
souldiers
and
persons
,
which
presuppose
they
know
much
more
then
others
,
who
discommend
the
making
of
the
Bissa
or
Caraguolo
,
as
a
thing
not
necessary
amongst
the
orders
of
aray
:
saying
that
the
same
is
superfluous
and
of
small
moment
.
I
am
of
a
contrarie
opinion
,
and
make
answere
that
they
are
much
deceiued
,
and
haue
small
knowledge
&
lesse
iudgement
in
the
benefite
and
vse
thereof
:
for
it
séemes
to
mee
according
to
the
opinion
of
diuers
expert
persons
,
that
they
are
not
onely
commendable
,
but
also
most
profitable
,
and
doe
helpe
those
souldiers
much
that
do
learne
and
exercise
them
:
and
the
reason
is
this
,
That
those
souldiers
which
haue
not
as
yet
had
discipline
,
and
be
litle
practised
in
the
managing
of
s●…reite
aray
,
and
in
turning
thémselues
in
their
aray
,
and
in
managing
all
sorts
of
weapons
,
as
pikes
,
&
specially
the
hargabusiers
,
with
the
which
it
is
requisite
to
cause
them
make
certaine
salutations
in
shooting
of
the
Bissa
,
and
also
in
opening
of
the
same
,
in
such
sort
as
the
hargabusiers
may
stand
in
continuall
motion
&
redinesse
to
charge
&
discharge
their
péeces
,
alwayes
marching
in
aray
,
sometimes
large
,
sometimes
straite
,
and
sometimes
softly
,
and
sometimes
fast
,
it
makes
them
very
disposed
,
nimble
and
readie
,
as
wel
in
managing
their
weapons
as
in
marching
iustly
,
and
with
a
good
grace
in
their
aray
and
in
the
battell
,
whereby
it
may
appeare
that
the
making
of
the
Bissa
and
Caraguolo
,
it
of
great
profite
and
of
importance
,
and
those
are
to
be
reprehended
that
despi●…e
and
forgoe
them
,
as
I
haue
said
before
,
Therefore
all
good
souldiers
are
to
command
the
iudgement
of
him
that
was
first
the
inuentor
thereof
,
and
we
are
to
search
with
all
diligence
to
imitate
the
same
rule
,
which
I
will
here
God
willing
go
about
succinctly
and
at
large
to
declare
,
because
in
my
former
proportions
of
a
King
,
an
S
,
a
D
and
a
Snaite
,
I
haue
not
done
,
neither
touched
the
manner
of
this
Bissa
or
Caraguolo
,
the
which
I
the
rather
thinke
necessarie
,
to
the
intent
euery
souldier
may
sée
with
his
eyes
a
perfect
example
and
way
how
to
make
it
,
and
to
the
end
his
error
in
this
his
wilfulnesse
arise
not
to
be
his
discredite
in
greater
causes
,
and
to
those
that
hold
them
méere
trifles
,
and
feare
to
faile
therin
,
with
a
litle
exercise
shall
find
it
easie
.
I
haue
séene
some
Captaines
that
hath
made
the
same
most
gallantly
to
their
great
commendation
by
men
of
the
greatest
authorite
in
the
field
.
If
therfore
you
would
make
a
single
Bissa
,
obserue
the
order
set
downe
in
this
proportion
.
Presupposing
that
the
figure
of
this
Bissa
here
set
downe
,
is
the
plaine
or
ground
where
the
muster
is
made
,
you
must
begin
to
enter
with
your
aray
,
where
the
taile
of
this
Bissa
is
,
turning
first
on
the
right
hand
,
&
afterward
on
the
left
hand
,
winding
your
aray
about
another
time
on
the
right
hand
and
on
the
left
,
vntil
such
time
as
you
sée
the
Ensigne
be
come
iust
into
the
midst
of
the
Bissa
,
and
that
you
thinke
it
be
well
:
issuing
forth
after
out
of
the
head
of
the
Bissa
,
as
here
is
set
downe
,
causing
them
to
make
a
goodly
salutation
,
your
Hargabusiers
at
the
opening
and
disclosing
of
the
aray
:
aduertising
you
that
these
three
and
thrée
in
the
Bissa
,
are
the
ranks
of
the
footemen
and
the
D
signifying
the
Drums
,
&
the
E
the
Ensigne
,
so
that
beginning
this
order
and
well
obseruing
it
,
you
cannot
erre
.
The
double
Bissa
.
Desiring
to
make
a
double
Bissa
that
is
more
inuironed
and
closed
then
the
single
,
as
here
appeares
,
you
must
note
that
the
rankes
ought
not
to
be
past
fiue
in
a
ranke
,
or
sixe
,
or
seuen
at
the
most
:
for
when
they
are
ouer
large
,
they
make
the
aray
ouer
broad
,
taking
care
likewise
that
the
place
be
commodious
and
capeable
,
that
the
footemen
may
be
spred
,
that
they
may
march
without
perill
of
entangling
:
aduertising
them
that
are
at
the
front
of
the
aray
,
when
they
march
in
their
entring
into
the
place
of
armes
,
where
they
are
to
make
the
said
Bissa
to
take
so
much
space
in
the
same
,
as
is
conuenient
to
do
that
which
in
your
minde
you
haue
determined
.
Alwayes
in
turning
and
doubling
the
aray
,
holding
the
path
and
way
large
,
and
marching
as
streit
as
is
possible
,
if
you
desire
that
the
same
shal
fal
out
well
,
beginning
the
entrie
at
the
taile
,
as
in
the
single
is
declared
:
turning
alwayes
as
you
may
perceiue
is
set
downe
by
the
figure
before
.
And
after
that
you
haue
made
an
end
,
to
double
it
sufficiently
in
the
last
doubling
,
as
in
the
single
Bissa
,
you
must
issue
forth
making
large
:
So
in
this
double
hauing
ended
all
your
turning
,
you
must
go
compassing
and
making
a
circuit
:
after
issuing
forth
,
you
must
make
a
generall
Salua
with
your
péeces
,
and
this
will
be
easie
,
and
to
the
beholders
shal
appeare
intricate
firie
.
A
plaine
rule
to
set
the
Ring
in
aray
.
IT
is
requisite
if
you
desire
to
make
the
King
a
Caraguolo
,
to
hold
the
same
order
that
is
set
down
in
making
of
the
Bissa
,
which
is
,
that
the
rankes
do
not
passe
the
number
of
sixe
or
7.
footemen
,
to
the
intent
they
do
not
confound
them
in
going
out
,
although
they
may
be
made
of
a
greater
number
,
but
than
it
is
requisite
that
those
that
guide
them
at
the
front
of
the
maine
be
wel
practised
,
for
that
it
is
perilous
to
intangle
themselues
.
Therefore
you
must
take
care
to
vse
greater
diligence
in
the
ring
and
Caraguolo
,
then
you
doe
in
the
Bissa
,
and
the
guider
thereof
must
stand
at
the
front
of
the
aray
,
and
conduct
them
into
the
market
place
or
where
the
assemblie
of
Armes
is
.
Presuppose
therefore
in
your
minde
,
hauing
in
charge
to
make
this
ring
or
Caraguolo
,
that
here
you
sée
set
down
in
portrature
,
to
be
likewise
figured
in
your
mind
vpon
the
earth
and
vpon
the
place
where
you
are
to
make
it
,
entring
first
where
you
sée
the
crosse
,
and
go
forward
marching
at
large
,
and
frame
a
round
circle
,
alwayes
turning
vpon
the
right
hand
,
leauing
betwixt
one
circle
&
another
a
large
way
,
so
great
that
at
your
returne
you
may
come
within
the
said
way
,
where
this
word
the
issue
out
is
set
downe
,
which
doth
note
the
turning
backe
when
you
are
in
the
midst
of
the
King
or
Caraguolo
:
that
is
,
when
you
do
sée
you
haue
closed
and
shut
them
togither
sufficiently
,
hauing
left
betwixt
the
one
circle
and
the
other
of
the
aray
,
so
much
space
that
in
the
same
you
may
returne
backe
,
so
the
one
do
not
touch
another
:
Then
shall
you
cause
a
goodly
Salua
to
be
made
of
all
the
Hargabusiers
generally
at
one
instant
.
Afterwards
returning
backe
by
the
left
hand
,
you
shall
issue
foorth
by
that
way
that
you
haue
left
betwixt
the
one
circle
and
the
other
,
as
it
is
drawne
in
the
plat
where
this
word
The
issue
out
is
:
marching
alwayes
right
forth
,
and
as
equally
as
you
can
:
and
cause
to
be
made
at
your
issue
forth
another
generall
Salua
by
the
Hargabusiers
.
You
may
begin
the
said
Caraguolo
vpon
what
side
yée
list
,
either
vpon
the
right
or
vpon
the
left
hand
,
hauing
care
that
if
you
begin
it
vpon
your
right
,
in
your
issue
forth
to
turne
towards
the
left
hand
.
And
so
likewise
if
you
begin
vpon
the
left
,
in
your
issuing
forth
to
turne
to
the
right
,
for
so
you
shall
finde
the
way
to
issue
without
any
impediment
.
But
it
is
verie
néedfull
for
you
in
the
beginning
to
make
large
and
take
roome
inough
.
THE
THIRD
BOOKE
OF
MILITARIE
DIRECTIONS
,
ENTREATING
OF
OBSERVATIONS
in
gouerning
of
Bands
,
of
Squadrons
and
battailes
,
of
Captaines
,
Collonels
,
and
Sergeant
Maiors
generall
.
And
first
,
the
office
of
a
Captaine
which
hath
the
guiding
of
a
Band
of
men
.
THat
person
which
hath
the
charge
to
gouerne
other
men
,
specially
in
matters
of
weight
and
of
great
importance
,
the
liues
of
men
being
committed
to
his
handes
,
vnder
whose
conduct
if
any
quaile
through
rashnesse
or
want
of
knowledge
,
he
is
bound
to
render
account
before
God
:
and
therefore
he
ought
to
be
of
notable
capacitie
,
experience
,
and
exemplare
in
al
his
actions
and
enterprises
,
since
it
is
a
generall
note
that
the
eyes
of
all
those
that
be
subiectes
,
be
turned
towards
their
principall
head
and
chiefe
,
in
whom
as
it
were
in
a
glasse
,
they
retaine
an
assured
hope
to
behold
most
readie
rules
and
perfect
examples
,
whereby
they
may
guide
and
gouerne
themselues
.
In
this
particular
charge
of
a
Captaine
,
the
qualitie
of
his
officers
,
make
almost
a
manifest
shew
of
his
valour
and
experience
:
Therefore
like
an
old
and
expert
souldier
,
as
one
that
hath
past
through
all
those
degrées
and
offices
set
downe
in
my
two
former
bookes
,
he
must
vse
a
circumspect
care
in
leuying
and
making
choise
of
his
companie
,
that
is
,
to
make
election
of
a
pollitike
and
practised
Lieutenant
,
of
a
couragious
Alfierus
,
of
a
carefull
Sergeant
,
of
gallant
and
valiant
Caualliers
of
his
squadre
,
of
valiant
Corporals
,
of
a
diligent
Chancellour
,
secretary
,
or
cleark
of
the
band
,
of
a
faithful
furrier
or
Harbinger
,
being
of
good
iudgement
and
consideration
,
and
of
a
Surgian
prouided
of
all
things
necessarie
to
minister
according
to
his
Act.
But
aboue
all
things
let
him
pro●…ide
to
retain
in
his
band
a
preacher
,
or
such
a
person
which
may
take
care
to
minister
the
Communion
to
the
souldiers
,
and
specially
to
roote
obedience
in
their
hearts
:
who
likewise
euerie
day
may
celebrate
that
sacred
sacrifice
of
thanks
,
which
euen
from
the
beginning
hath
bin
vsed
of
the
church
.
And
finally
must
haue
for
euerie
hundreth
a
practised
drummer
of
good
vnderstanding
.
When
he
hath
gathered
and
vnited
his
companie
,
the
whole
band
being
present
,
his
Minister
must
deuoutly
reade
certaine
prayers
,
&
afterward
the
Ensigne
shal
be
publikely
placed
in
the
hands
,
and
recommended
to
the
custodie
of
the
Alfierus
,
and
as
in
my
former
discourse
of
this
point
,
command
him
to
haue
as
much
care
thereof
,
as
of
his
proper
life
,
honour
&
credite
,
which
he
ought
couragiously
to
aduance
and
display
,
to
prefer
his
party
in
a
rightful
quarrel
,
according
to
my
spéech
where
I
set
downe
his
duetie
.
This
done
he
must
priuatly
make
election
amongst
his
chiefest
souldiers
of
so
many
Caualliers
or
Lancia
Spezzata
,
that
is
to
say
,
Gentlemen
of
his
band
,
as
may
amount
to
the
number
of
two
out
of
euerie
squadre
.
Some
nations
vse
50.
to
a
squadre
,
as
the
Suitzers
and
Germaines
,
some
others
lesse
,
according
to
their
discretion
:
but
in
my
opinion
2●…
.
is
a
more
conuenient
number
,
both
for
that
the
Corporall
may
the
more
often
and
with
greater
diligent
car●…
instruct
&
sée
to
his
charge
,
them
if
they
were
50
▪
Besides
25.
souldiers
deuided
into
5.
ranks
makes
a
iust
square
,
so
that
by
the
same
account
300.
may
containe
12.
squadres
,
and
euerie
one
haue
a
Corporall
of
the
same
number
:
whereof
10.
Corporals
haue
the
leading
of
mixt
weapons
,
the
1●…
▪
charge
ouer
the
Halb●…rdiers
,
&
the
12.
to
consist
of
Gentlemen
,
old
and
expert
souldiers
,
amongst
whom
the
targets
of
proofe
ought
to
be
in
number
.
The
Captaine
at
the
same
time
,
when
he
consecrates
his
Ensigne
,
must
likewise
solemnly
constitute
&
confirme
a
Corporall
ouer
the
Caualliers
of
his
squadre
,
which
he
must
dedicate
to
S.
George
,
and
enrol
their
names
by
this
title
,
The
Corporall
and
Caualliers
of
S.
George
his
squadre
.
He
must
inuest
&
bestow
vpon
the
corporal
a
scarfe
of
red
&
white
sar●…net
,
and
a
Medall
or
iewell
of
gold
or
siluer
double
gilt
,
wherein
the
portrature
of
S.
George
is
liuely
wrought
,
to
hang
about
his
necke
,
at
his
skarfe
or
otherwise
:
and
moreouer
to
him
and
all
the
rest
of
the
squadre
,
must
giue
a
litle
Phane
or
Penon
of
silke
vpon
a
wyre
,
whereof
the
Crosse
must
bée
of
red
,
and
the
rest
of
the
square
white
,
the
other
part
of
the
sarsenet
of
the
Captaines
coulours
,
or
with
what
woords
or
deuise
therein
shal
please
him
best
:
They
must
weare
this
behind
,
either
vpon
their
burganets
,
or
vpon
their
hats
if
they
will
in
a
plume
of
red
and
white
feathers
,
specially
in
all
enterprises
and
warlike
attempts
:
Besides
this
vpon
their
Casseckes
or
Mandillions
towards
their
right
brest
a
red
Crosse
of
veluet
,
satten
or
scarlet
,
imbrothered
or
comlie
stitched
,
that
they
may
appeare
manifestly
and
bée
knowen
from
the
rest
of
the
souldiers
,
like
worthie
guides
and
leaders
,
whose
corage
and
valour
may
incite
others
to
ascend
to
their
dignitie
and
degrée
.
They
must
solemnlie
promise
,
vowe
and
sweare
to
their
possibilitie
,
not
only
to
bée
the
first
to
force
the
breach
of
a
battered
towne
,
trench
,
or
fortresse
,
to
giue
the
first
coragious
onset
vpon
the
maine
battaile
,
or
the
enimies
squadrons
,
to
pearce
a
passage
,
and
gallantly
guid
the
souldiers
to
the
skirmish
,
to
suddaine
sallies
,
surprises
,
escalados
,
canuasados
,
and
such
like
,
but
also
to
obserue
,
maintaine
,
and
instruct
the
ignorant
in
all
Militarie
directions
;
obseruations
and
martiall
lawes
of
the
field
.
In
respect
hereof
those
that
bée
Cauallieres
and
Gentlemen
of
this
squadre
,
must
bée
intertained
with
a
stipend
and
greater
pay
then
the
common
souldier
,
and
with
other
notable
signes
of
manifest
difference
,
by
reason
they
either
are
or
ought
to
bée
the
best
and
most
practised
souldiers
in
his
whole
band
:
for
this
woord
Lancia
spezzata
amongst
the
Italians
,
is
of
no
other
signification
,
then
a
tried
experience
in
the
warres
.
To
which
Cauallieres
he
may
fréelie
and
faithfully
with
great
confidence
and
trust
,
commit
the
charge
of
any
office
in
his
companie
that
is
vacant
▪
or
the
performan●…e
of
any
other
enterprise
or
accident
,
and
may
if
hée
will
tearme
them
extraordinarie
Lieutenants
,
which
hée
must
alwaies
haue
about
him
vpon
any
suddaine
to
execute
his
commaundement
,
and
supplie
other
Offices
when
time
shall
serue
.
A
Captaine
ought
to
haue
special
and
particular
knowledge
of
al
those
things
that
appertaine
to
the
office
of
a
Lieutenant
,
and
the
office
of
an
Alfierus
,
which
if
hée
thinke
good
hée
may
linke
both
in
one
,
for
amongst
diuers
nations
now
a
daies
,
one
man
commonly
supplies
both
their
Offices
.
The
office
and
dutie
of
the
Sergeants
of
the
Cauallieres
of
Saint
Georges
squadre
,
whom
he
must
estéeme
as
extraordinarie
Lieutenants
of
the
Corporals
,
Clerke
of
the
band
,
Harbinger
,
Drummes
and
Fiftes
:
and
finally
,
the
dutie
of
euery
particular
and
common
souldier
,
that
hée
may
presently
redresse
any
thing
a
misse
,
and
vpon
any
new
accident
to
instruct
them
either
in
marching
,
encamping
or
feighting
,
so
that
hée
may
●…ée
able
to
commaund
them
,
according
as
time
,
place
,
&
reason
doth
require
,
without
contradiction
or
appointing
that
to
bée
done
of
one
Officer
,
which
ought
to
be
done
of
an
other
:
or
that
hée
doth
commaund
them
to
do
thinges
not
conuenient
,
and
much
lesse
that
which
is
not
lawful
or
not
honorable
.
Which
order
of
procéeding
doth
verie
much
displease
&
bring
m●…n
of
warre
in
mislike
of
such
vndirect
dealings
;
Since
the
principall
point
and
practise
whereunto
▪
their
exercise
in
Armes
doth
tende
,
is
to
attaine
Reputation
,
Honor
&
Credite
,
hee
must
continually
court
his
Collonel
and
chieftain
,
forceing
himself
to
be
one
of
the
first
that
doth
salute
him
in
the
morning
,
&
of
the
last
to
depart
from
him
in
the
euening
,
●…hat
thereby
he
may
bée
sufficiently
instructed
&
informed
in
euery
particular
act
and
practise
,
which
is
to
be
put
in
execution
,
touching
the
performance
of
any
enterprise
or
warlike
act
,
since
that
in
those
cases
a
warie
man
may
best
take
hold
of
occasion
,
wherof
hée
ought
to
make
triall
in
time
of
war
▪
the
which
hee
is
likewise
to
accomplish
,
aswell
for
the
seruice
of
his
chiefe
and
Prince
,
as
also
for
his
owne
satisfaction
,
and
the
honor
,
benefit
,
and
reputation
of
his
souldiers
.
Let
him
in
some
sort
prouide
with
as
much
aduantage
,
and
commoditie
as
he
can
,
that
his
souldiers
baggage
bee
alwaies
conducted
from
place
to
place
,
alwaies
prohibiting
superfluitie
,
and
in
long
voiages
,
their
corslets
and
arme●…
of
heauie
burden
:
prouided
that
hée
march
not
in
suspected
places
,
and
in
the
enimies
countrie
,
but
not
otherwise
.
Let
him
take
order
that
his
souldiers
bée
light
in
apparell
▪
so
that
it
be
warme
,
and
haue
as
litle
baggage
&
otherwise
loade●…
as
may
bee
,
to
the
intent
they
may
vse
all
their
diligence
about
their
weapons
,
and
not
to
hale
back
for
feare
of
loosing
the
same
,
but
rather
haue
respect
to
the
warie
kéeping
of
their
Armes
,
and
that
they
may
rather
,
more
●…ent
and
determined
to
feight
,
in
hope
of
gaine
and
honor
,
then
suspected
through
the
doubt
of
loosing
that
which
they
already
possesse
.
Hée
must
not
bee
couetous
,
neither
retaine
one
penie
of
pay
from
his
souldiers
,
but
rather
distribute
amongst
them
,
all
the
aduantages
,
dead
paies
,
and
Capisoldi
:
to
the
intent
they
may
bée
well
pa●…ed
and
rewarded
which
merite
the
same
,
so
shall
hée
gayne
honour
and
make
them
assured
in
perillous
seruice
.
Let
him
restraine
souldiers
from
hauing
horses
,
thereby
to
auoid
confusion
,
for
that
commonly
euery
one
must
march
about
the
Ensigne
,
to
the
intent
the
rankes
bée
not
broken
and
disturbed
by
horses
:
And
that
souldiers
bée
not
occupied
in
going
abroad
for
forrage
for
their
horses
,
as
of
necessitie
they
must
,
which
is
proper
to
horsemen
and
not
to
footmen
,
but
onely
those
which
are
to
bée
permitted
with
the
Lieutenant
,
the
Alsierus
,
and
some
of
the
Cauallieres
of
Saint
Georges
squadre
,
that
are
Gentlemen
of
greatest
experience
,
for
that
they
may
serue
in
stéede
and
place
of
light
horsemen
,
to
view
,
discouer
,
conduct
and
carie
a
〈◊〉
or
commaundement
with
great
spéede
,
when
and
where
néede
●…oth
require
.
It
is
necessarie
for
him
to
haue
some
knowledge
and
sight
in
making
bulwarkes
,
trenches
,
platformes
,
skonces
,
fortresses
,
and
such
like
,
&
to
know
the
nature
and
qualitie
of
them
,
aswel
that
with
aduantage
hée
may
bée
able
to
know
how
to
assault
,
as
also
to
make
them
with
facil●…tie
,
in
times
and
places
most
necessarie
:
which
vnderstanding
and
art
,
is
particularly
conuenient
for
him
,
considering
the
defence
of
men
of
warre
in
the
field
,
for
the
most
part
consistes
aswell
in
trenches
,
bulwarkes
,
and
perfect
platformes
,
as
in
a
good
and
well
gouernéd
squadre
and
maine
battaile
.
Hée
must
haue
with
him
a
p●…ire
of
Lanternes
for
the
campe
,
some
cressets
,
linkes
,
or
torches
that
blowe
not
out
with
the
winde
,
and
such
like
to
vse
in
the
night
,
and
in
stormes
and
tempestes
for
seruice
of
the
companie
,
as
in
Roundes
,
Alar●…nis
&c.
And
for
his
proper
commoditie
and
ornament
a
Pauillion
or
Lent
of
sufficient
capacitie
,
vessels
to
accommodate
his
victuals
and
furniment
for
the
fire
and
kitchin
,
of
small
weight
and
disturbance
in
carriage
,
and
certain
houshold
stuffe
necessarie
for
himselfe
and
his
traine
,
to
the
intent
hée
may
so
néere
as
is
possible
commodiously
make
supplie
to
the
continuation
of
things
requisite
for
victuals
.
Hée
ought
alwaies
to
lodge
with
his
band
,
and
remain
with
the
same
both
in
good
and
euill
,
and
continually
shewe
himselfe
louing
and
courteous
,
and
take
such
part
as
the
souldiers
do
:
for
contrariwise
,
taking
his
ease
,
and
suffering
them
to
bée
lodged
or
fed
miserably
,
bréedeth
him
hatred
or
contempt
.
Neither
ought
hée
to
shun
toile
and
trauaile
,
but
carefullie
take
delight
and
liking
to
bée
alwaies
the
first
,
that
with
prouident
prudence
doth
lay
his
hand
to
any
worke
,
or
performe
any
enterprise
which
is
conuenient
to
bée
done
:
for
that
for
the
most
part
the
rude
stubborne
multitude
of
souldiers
is
not
constrained
and
forced
so
much
,
to
do
his
dutie
by
compulsion
,
as
they
be
voluntarie
moued
therunto
through
shame
,
and
a
reuerent
respect
they
haue
to
the
example
of
their
superiour
:
Neither
let
the
practise
of
the
same
bée
painfull
vnto
him
,
for
that
to
liue
at
ease
and
to
bée
curious
of
his
owne
commodious
being
,
and
suffer
his
souldiers
tast
the
toiles
of
trauaile
,
is
rather
the
order
of
a
delicate
Prince
,
then
of
a
carefull
and
coragious
Captaine
.
Let
him
not
faile
euery
night
that
hée
is
of
the
watch
,
to
send
his
Sergeant
to
take
the
woord
secretly
of
the
Sergeant
maior
,
(
where
with
the
watch
of
that
night
ought
to
bée
gouerned
)
or
of
some
other
that
shall
bée
appointed
to
giue
it
,
which
hée
must
vse
wisely
and
warely
,
since
that
negligence
in
like
cases
may
bée
the
ruine
of
him
and
his
companie
,
and
consequently
of
a
whole
armie
.
Hée
must
haue
tried
experience
,
and
full
practise
in
all
the
points
noted
of
mée
in
my
two
first
Bookes
,
and
bée
perfect
in
the
conduct
of
Martiall
affaires
,
that
with
great
facilitie
hée
may
bée
able
to
know
,
and
with
great
aduise
to
deale
in
all
the
particulars
belonging
to
all
the
degrées
of
souldiers
vnder
his
estate
,
and
of
lesse
estimation
then
a
Captaine
.
It
behooues
him
to
carie
a
valiant
and
coragious
hart
,
that
vpon
all
suddaines
hée
may
bée
able
to
execute
all
enterprises
,
and
that
hauing
ouer
viewed
,
ordered
and
disposed
those
things
that
bée
necessarie
,
hée
may
bée
able
to
execute
the
same
with
such
prompt
and
readie
dexteritie
,
as
appertaines
to
the
terrible
and
bloodie
accidents
of
armes
.
And
although
there
bée
verie
few
who
haue
such
happie
successe
,
as
they
may
bee
accompted
fortunate
and
politike
both
together
:
Neuerthelesse
it
is
requisite
he
bée
prudent
,
&
discypher
and
looke
before
hand
into
such
things
as
are
like
to
fall
out
,
that
hée
may
with
discréete
modestie
vse
either
good
or
euill
fortune
,
whether
soeuer
shall
arise
:
for
the
life
of
man
is
to
bée
compared
to
the
play
at
Tables
,
in
the
which
the
p●…er
may
desire
and
deuise
which
is
his
best
cast
,
but
yet
which
way
soeuer
the
dyce
turne
,
either
good
or
euill
,
hée
ought
with
as
great
discretion
and
art
as
hée
can
,
accommodate
himselfe
and
serue
his
turne
withall
.
Hée
should
possesse
and
bée
indued
with
a
noble
mind
,
that
hée
may
alwaies
haue
the
same
inclined
to
discréete
liberalitie
,
and
〈◊〉
to
nigardl●…
〈◊〉
,
by
which
vice
wee
sée
many
〈◊〉
and
fall
into
most
opprobrious
chances
,
into
treasons
and
pernicious
rebellions
,
which
are
men
worthie
of
most
shamefull
corrections
.
I
iudge
it
likewise
verie
necessarie
for
him
to
bée
eloquent
,
●…nce
that
qualitie
hath
great
efficacie
in
perswading
of
mens
●…nds
,
which
often
times
haue
much
néede
to
bée
wakened
and
pricked
forward
with
a
spu●…re
,
specially
in
those
terrible
accidents
that
fall
out
in
the
exercise
of
armes
,
which
in
painfull
perillous
actions
,
would
otherwise
languish
,
faint
,
and
become
fearefull
:
Therefore
l●…t
the
loue
towards
God
,
the
care
of
their
Countrie
,
their
present
perill
,
the
example
of
magnanimitie
in
their
forefathers
,
the
quarrel
,
cause
,
and
benefits
to
soule
and
bodie
,
bée
meanes
to
make
them
valiantly
accomplish
their
actes
.
Hée
ought
neuer
to
make
conference
,
concerning
that
which
hée
is
to
put
in
execution
,
neither
of
any
one
thought
,
imagination
,
or
inuention
appertaining
to
the
state
of
these
warlike
attempts
and
affaires
,
but
with
those
persons
of
whom
hée
may
assuredly
reserue
faithfull
and
friendly
counsell
,
for
that
the
importance
of
such
and
so
great
dealings
,
ought
euer
to
be
had
in
suspition
of
discouerie
.
Therefore
a
wise
and
carefull
man
will
euer
haue
a
warie
&
iealous
eye
ouer
such
weighty
affaires
.
Now
the
order
for
him
to
punish
his
souldiers
in
cases
wherin
they
are
not
guiltie
of
death
,
I
thinke
the
most
important
punishment
which
appertaines
to
the
Captaine
to
giue
them
,
is
openly
amidst
the
whole
companie
&
band
,
shamefully
to
disarme
them
,
to
take
away
their
money
&
chiefest
garments
,
&
so
to
banish
them
&
send
them
packing
:
for
to
put
them
to
death
,
or
furiously
to
beate
them
,
belonges
to
the
office
of
the
Master
of
the
camp
&
Marshal
of
the
field
,
&
not
to
the
Captain
,
for
if
hée
should
beate
his
souldiers
,
hée
should
make
himself
hated
&
embase
him self
,
&
bring
his
souldiers
either
to
become
mutinous
or
abiects
.
Note
,
that
it
is
not
sufficient
only
for
a
Captaine
to
haue
ordained
his
companie
discréetely
,
&
therin
to
haue
great
numbers
of
good
men
,
which
is
to
say
,
in
warlike
affaires
valiant
men
,
but
aboue
all
thnigs
it
is
very
necessary
when
hée
shall
come
to
blowes
&
fight
,
hée
should
aduenture
&
performe
the
same
to
his
manifest
aduantage
,
or
else
constrained
therunto
by
pure
necessity
,
although
hée
ought
to
flie
the
last
so
much
as
hée
is
able
,
obseruing
this
for
a
generall
rule
,
not
to
fight
either
by
chance
,
either
for
pleasure
or
for
ambition
,
as
many
times
wée
sée
done
by
rash
&
ambitious
chiefes
and
Captaines
.
Moreouer
,
hée
must
worke
in
such
sort
,
that
his
souldiers
haue
very
good
occasion
&
apt
meanes
to
win
the
victorie
,
&
that
they
be
fresh
&
lusty
,
to
the
intent
that
in
fighting
they
may
ouercome
:
for
without
these
and
like
aduertisements
by
tempting
fortune
,
men
for
the
most
part
both
loose
,
and
are
ouerthrowne
.
It
is
very
conuenient
hée
procure
the
hauing
of
an
ample
and
autentike
Patent
of
his
Collonel
,
with
as
large
woords
of
fauor
as
may
be
,
wherein
must
bée
declared
at
the
instance
&
appointment
of
what
Prince
the
expedition
is
made
,
&
so
with
modestie
and
prudence
hée
shall
vse
the
aucthority
that
is
giuen
him
,
but
neuerthelesse
there
,
as
it
behooues
him
so
to
doe
.
It
is
not
requisite
that
in
all
places
hée
suffer
his
Ensigne
to
bée
displayed
:
the
maner
&
doing
wherof
shewes
force
&
aucthoritie
,
the
which
many
times
is
not
to
bée
vsed
,
neither
in
ech
place
.
When
a
man
is
inferior
to
others
,
hée
ought
to
vse
great
dexteritie
&
modesty
,
which
euer
fals
out
both
to
be
commodious
and
commendable
.
And
moreouer
according
to
the
order
of
passa
parole
,
of
aduertisements
from
mouth
to
mouth
,
hée
ought
euer
to
obserue
a
silent
&
assured
plaine
information
to
his
▪
whole
band
,
wherby
they
may
vpon
the
suddain
alter
aray
,
make
alta
,
march
slow
or
fast
,
close
or
in
wide
ranks
,
or
prepare
their
péece
,
match
and
●…ullet
for
a
suddain
Alarum
,
inuasion
,
skirmish
or
defence
▪
A
Captain
that
must
leauy
a
band
,
is
to
make
his
election
and
choise
of
his
officers
&
souldiers
,
not
only
approued
&
sufficiently
,
but
also
vse
such
spéedy
march
in
his
expedition
&
iourney
,
that
hée
may
ioyne
his
company
to
the
rest
of
the
armie
,
at
or
before
the
appointed
day
and
place
.
When
hée
may
march
by
land
with
his
company
,
let
him
neuer
haue
desire
to
go
by
sea
,
hoping
to
spare
cost
&
shorten
time
,
for
by
becomming
subiect
to
the
indiscretion
of
the
wind
,
either
through
long
aboad
,
or
some
accident
by
shipwracke
or
tempestes
,
there
hath
risen
many
times
great
disturbance
&
ruine
without
remedie
,
since
by
this
defect
many
good
occasions
and
of
great
importance
hath
bin
lost
and
made
frustrate
.
Hée
ought
neuer
to
take
iourney
in
hand
without
a
guide
,
the
which
he
must
procure
to
bee
giuen
him
by
the
chiefe
that
doth
command
him
,
to
the
intent
he
may
alwaies
remain
execused
&
faultles
from
those
errors
,
that
by
such
defects
may
or
do
commonly
arise
,
which
diligence
is
not
only
particularly
to
be
vsed
,
when
any
iourney
of
smal
length
is
to
be
guided
:
but
if
any
long
iourney
is
to
bée
made
(
not
being
able
to
do
better
)
hée
must
circumspectly
haue
him
alwaies
by
his
side
,
neither
ought
to
haue
him
slip
away
from
him
or
absent
,
since
that
euery
smal
error
or
going
out
of
the
way
in
a
iourney
&
marching
,
doth
displease
souldiers
&
warlik
persons
,
&
yéelds
lesse
reputation
to
the
Captain
,
who
ought
alwaies
to
march
with
them
,
&
to
prouide
&
procure
through
his
aucthority
all
things
necessarie
,
with
the
greatest
fauor
&
aduantage
possible
.
Hée
ought
alwaies
to
keepe
his
souldiers
exercised
,
by
often
taking
view
&
muster
of
them
,
marching
sometimes
along
in
ranks
by
3.
5.
7.
&
9.
&c.
in
a
rank
:
sometimes
in
training
them
in
Kings
,
esses
,
dées
,
battailes
,
squadrons
,
turning
one
rank
through
an
other
,
in
leading
them
to
skirmish
,
&
in
such
sort
as
I
haue
set
down
in
my
second
booke
,
practise
them
daily
.
And
sometimes
he
must
cause
his
souldiers
to
shoot
vollées
of
shot
,
sometimes
all
at
once
,
sometimes
by
ranks
,
&
sometimes
mixed
.
The
which
vollées
vpon
the
signe
or
sound
of
drum
or
word
of
mouth
by
the
Captain
must
be
accomplished
with
celeritie
,
&
closely
together
&
cunningly
,
&
not
out
of
disorder
or
by
péeces
,
a
great
while
one
after
another
,
but
vpon
their
discharge
,
iointly
together
,
without
rumor
,
noise
or
tumult
they
must
all
charge
again
,
&
vpon
a
signe
giuen
by
th●…
Captain
,
giue
a
fresh
vollée
&c.
Hée
must
likewise
delight
to
sée
them
well
armed
with
all
sortes
of
armes
,
euery
one
according
to
the
weapon
hée
beares
:
and
sometimes
likewise
exercise
them
in
running
,
leaping
,
wrastling
,
throwing
the
barre
,
and
ordinarilie
cause
them
to
bée
wakened
in
the
morning
betimes
,
charging
the
Drummes
to
strike
the
Diana
through
out
all
the
quarter
.
A
Captaine
may
at
all
times
accompanie
his
band
with
the
sound
of
Drum
&
Fift
,
which
must
giue
order
to
their
continual
March
and
directes
:
all
their
other
enterprises
,
vnlesse
to
accompany
prisoner
,
to
entrench
,
make
plain
the
way
,
to
make
&
carie
fagots
,
baskets
,
or
gabions
from
the
wood
,
&
such
like
seruile
and
peasantly
seruice
,
hardly
digested
of
honorable
souldiers
.
Hée
to
the
intent
hée
may
bée
both
loued
and
obeyed
of
his
souldiers
,
must
applie
himselfe
to
be
prouident
and
politike
in
pacifiyng
discordes
,
&
al
such
difference
as
shall
arise
amongst
them
,
wherein
if
hée
find
any
obstinate
,
so
soone
as
hée
hath
performed
his
indeuor
,
and
that
thereby
they
will
not
agrée
and
become
friends
,
so
soone
as
their
pay
is
ended
,
hée
ought
to
discharge
them
.
In
times
past
it
hath
bin
vsed
of
notable
Collonels
to
permit
the
combate
,
and
cause
them
fight
it
out
,
therby
to
extinguish
their
obstination
,
to
bridle
their
furie
,
and
giue
notable
example
to
the
rest
:
the
which
order
although
it
hath
bin
tried
to
auaile
verie
much
for
their
good
gouernment
,
yet
it
is
not
to
bée
vsed
amongst
Christians
,
the
generall
Counsell
hauing
forbidden
the
same
:
vnlesse
to
feare
the
parties
he
faine
that
the
same
shall
bée
performed
of
them
to
the
vttermost
,
and
at
the
ioyning
in
fight
to
cause
them
stay
,
and
take
other
order
of
punishment
,
except
they
accord
,
and
to
discharge
them
.
A
Captaine
ought
to
vse
all
art
and
industrie
to
inuade
,
endomage
,
and
ouerthrow
the
enimy
,
specially
infidels
:
and
aboue
all
things
to
bée
franke
of
minde
,
and
to
feare
nothing
but
dishonest
fame
.
Likewise
that
hée
purchase
aucthoritie
amongst
his
souldiers
by
the
meanes
of
vertue
and
valour
,
let
him
procure
by
practise
and
effectuall
experience
to
bée
accompted
a
wise
and
a
worthie
valiant
Captaine
,
rather
then
to
beare
the
name
of
a
simple
,
weake
,
and
vndiscréete
Collonel
,
for
the
name
of
a
Captaine
is
a
type
and
title
of
speciall
honour
.
Hée
must
likewise
in
respect
of
a
certaine
inward
desire
of
emulation
,
not
carie
a
base
and
abiect
mind
,
but
still
aspiring
with
great
subtiltie
,
by
good
inuention
and
industrie
,
of
a
firme
and
faithfull
disposition
,
and
neuer
subiect
to
forgetfulnesse
,
to
the
intent
he
may
retaine
in
memorie
those
things
that
be
wel
done
,
and
all
commendable
enterprises
,
the
which
do
maruellous
and
incredibly
delight
and
féede
mens
minds
and
dispositions
.
A
Captaine
must
euer
take
care
that
his
whole
charge
be
still
furnished
with
men
,
armour
,
weapons
and
munitions
,
with
all
things
néedfull
,
and
distributed
at
conuenient
times
.
He
must
suffer
none
through
idlenesse
to
neglect
his
armour
,
weapons
,
and
other
furniture
,
whereby
he
shall
grow
vnready
to
seruice
at
néede
,
but
giue
his
officers
commandement
circumspectly
to
looke
to
the
same
.
Souldiers
should
be
prohibited
from
ouermuch
libertie
,
neither
to
vse
whoorehunting
,
drunkennes
,
common
swearing
,
quarelling
,
feighting
,
cosining
,
or
such
like
,
but
that
spéedie
correction
is
to
be
vsed
.
Prouision
of
victuals
,
armour
and
munition
being
made
,
it
must
discréetely
be
vsed
in
due
time
by
victuallers
appointed
,
and
to
be
distributed
vnto
the
souldiers
,
and
to
sée
that
the
victuallers
&
other
artificiers
,
lending
vnto
souldiers
vpon
their
credite
at
néede
,
vntill
their
pay
day
,
may
be
truely
satisfied
.
If
any
souldiers
be
taken
prisoners
,
to
be
ransomed
home
in
due
time
that
his
hands
remaine
not
vnfurnished
.
Diuers
points
of
seruice
are
committed
to
the
Captaine
,
wherin
great
discretion
and
seruice
is
to
be
vsed
,
as
in
a
Conuoy
,
Canuisado
,
Ambush
,
skirmish
,
approch
,
assault
,
retrait
,
surprise
,
passage
of
riuers
,
streights
,
sodaine
fortifications
,
discoueries
,
&c.
As
in
these
and
such
like
occurrences
,
it
is
necessarie
to
vse
the
aduise
of
expert
souldiers
,
whose
opinions
are
worthy
to
be
obserued
,
gratifying
and
rewarding
them
according
to
the
value
of
their
counsels
.
So
likewise
a
Captaine
must
sometimes
proue
and
circumspectly
try
by
fained
pretenses
,
affirming
that
he
meanes
to
performe
certaine
exploites
,
and
will
march
to
some
place
nothing
pretending
the
same
,
to
the
intent
to
discipher
those
that
be
busie
bodies
,
rash
and
vnsecreat
in
counsell
,
and
such
as
presume
without
knowledge
or
experience
:
afterward
reuealing
the
same
,
may
trie
the
truth
and
punish
the
offenders
,
as
to
his
duetie
and
office
is
conuenient
.
The
office
of
a
Collonel
.
A
Ualiant
and
worthie
Collonel
,
after
he
hath
a
lawfull
dispatch
of
his
Prince
,
and
hath
obtained
his
patent
and
prest
money
,
to
conduct
that
number
of
souldiers
his
charge
and
expedition
shall
containe
,
with
all
conuenient
diligence
,
and
according
as
he
is
appointed
,
he
must
make
election
of
as
many
captaines
as
be
néedfull
,
distributing
to
euerie
one
300.
for
a
band
,
which
number
is
of
most
conuenient
quantitie
:
for
by
reducing
companies
to
a
lesse
number
,
as
in
our
time
is
vsed
,
specially
amongst
the
Spaniards
and
Italions
,
and
well
followed
by
the
French
and
our
English
,
they
may
rather
carrie
the
name
of
Lieutenants
and
centurions
,
then
beare
the
title
of
Captaines
.
Besides
a
band
being
made
of
a
small
number
,
the
treasurers
consume
much
more
money
amongst
the
great
store
of
officers
,
the
which
ought
to
be
by
al
meanes
possible
auoyded
of
a
pollitike
Generall
,
and
of
a
prudent
Prince
,
to
auoyd
extraordinarie
expence
and
confusion
,
which
doth
easily
arise
amongst
the
multitude
of
officers
.
He
must
be
prouident
to
entertaine
those
that
be
old
captains
,
practised
,
and
beare
a
good
port
,
and
that
be
loued
and
desired
of
the
souldiers
,
whom
he
ought
to
accompanie
and
preferre
with
the
greatest
authoritie
he
can
giue
,
with
ample
,
sealed
,
and
autentike
Patents
,
thereby
more
spéedily
and
more
easily
he
may
accomplish
his
affaires
.
It
is
requisite
he
equally
depart
to
euerie
one
,
the
quantitie
of
that
prest
money
he
hath
receiued
,
to
the
intent
the
Captaine
and
the
officers
arise
not
to
be
burdened
,
taxed
,
and
consumed
by
ordinarie
and
extraordinarie
meanes
,
and
other
manifest
wayes
in
spending
about
those
affaires
.
And
to
the
intent
the
souldiers
may
tast
of
the
beneuolence
of
their
Collonel
,
for
by
that
meanes
credite
is
sustained
,
and
his
traine
augmented
,
a
thing
most
necessarie
to
personages
that
supply
so
great
a
place
.
For
it
is
requisite
that
men
in
the
beginning
be
not
discouraged
for
want
of
necessarie
prouision
,
yea
rather
to
lend
of
his
owne
(
considering
he
is
to
be
paid
againe
)
then
his
souldiers
should
be
brought
to
any
extremitie
.
The
distribution
of
thè
prest
money
ought
to
be
preferred
with
great
prudence
,
for
afterwards
at
the
bancke
,
the
same
otherwise
may
be
retained
,
and
substraction
made
of
all
the
whole
money
,
either
in
the
first
pay
or
those
that
follow
,
more
or
lesse
as
it
séemes
expedient
,
principally
for
the
vse
and
commoditie
of
the
souldiers
,
considering
(
that
according
to
the
prouerbe
)
A
man
can
hardly
at
any
time
serue
two
masters
,
and
therefore
he
must
stand
vpon
this
speciall
point
,
to
be
more
carefull
not
to
doe
any
thing
preiudiciall
to
the
honorable
exercise
of
Armes
,
then
to
please
the
couetous
and
insatiable
humour
of
some
Captaines
,
whom
in
effect
it
pleasures
but
little
,
in
respect
their
gréedie
desire
is
neuer
satisfied
:
Neuerthelesse
it
fals
out
to
be
a
maruellous
losse
and
hinderance
to
the
enterprise
,
specially
to
men
of
valour
and
souldiers
,
without
whose
aid
a
Collonel
is
but
of
smal
force
and
value
:
and
to
conclude
,
money
must
alwayes
be
procured
,
dispersed
,
and
spent
with
great
discretion
,
order
,
and
consideration
,
since
the
same
is
so
necessarie
to
man
,
as
it
is
called
the
sinewes
of
warres
.
It
is
a
thing
most
requisite
that
he
carrie
with
him
at
the
least
,
one
Minister
,
a
man
of
good
life
,
who
exemplarly
attende
about
the
care
of
Ecclesiasticall
matters
,
wherin
aboue
al
other
things
we
ought
thorowly
to
be
staid
and
instructed
.
He
must
likewise
haue
in
his
Regiment
besides
the
ordinarie
Surgeans
,
an
excellent
and
tried
Phisition
,
well
prouided
of
all
drugs
and
spiceries
,
and
of
other
things
necessarie
to
be
ministred
to
those
that
be
sicke
.
His
Lieutenant
for
his
Regiment
must
be
of
a
singular
qualitie
and
excellent
experience
,
who
not
onely
must
particularly
gouerne
his
owne
band
and
companie
,
but
also
with
great
prudence
and
pollicie
take
care
and
charge
ouer
all
the
people
which
are
in
the
bands
vnder
his
Collonell
,
wherin
the
Lieutenant
must
procéede
according
to
my
rules
for
the
Lieutenant
of
a
priuate
band
,
and
the
notes
in
my
second
and
third
booke
.
His
awne
Alfierus
as
Generall
and
superiour
to
the
rest
of
the
Ensigne
bearers
vnder
his
Collonnelship
,
must
be
guided
and
gouerned
by
a
singular
and
substanciall
souldier
,
a
Gentleman
of
an
ancient
house
,
courteous
,
wise
and
endewed
with
good
conditions
.
The
same
order
he
ought
likewise
to
obserue
,
in
the
election
of
his
Caualliers
of
S.
Georges
squadre
,
of
his
Sergeants
,
of
his
Corporals
,
of
his
drummers
,
and
euerie
other
officer
.
It
is
a
thing
most
necessary
and
conuenient
,
as
in
my
second
booke
,
and
the
office
of
a
Captaine
I
haue
touched
,
That
a
Collonel
should
retaine
in
his
regiment
,
and
specially
in
his
owne
band
about
him
,
a
number
of
wise
and
worthy
souldiers
,
to
bée
the
Gentlemen
of
his
Companie
,
Lance
Spezzate
,
or
serue
for
extraordinarie
Lieutenants
,
whom
I
in
the
memorie
of
the
ancient
valour
of
our
nation
,
entitle
by
the
name
of
the
Caualliers
of
S.
Georges
squadre
,
whom
the
Collonell
must
not
onely
vse
and
entreat
well
with
an
aduantage
in
their
pay
,
but
also
feast
them
,
cherish
them
,
and
set
them
oftentimes
by
course
at
his
owne
table
,
and
alwayes
shew
them
a
courteous
countenance
,
with
which
shew
of
friendly
courtisie
,
souldiers
be
incredibly
fedde
,
and
contrariwise
maruellously
displeased
with
the
hautie
lookes
of
proud
disdaine
.
For
al
those
that
make
profession
of
this
worthie
art
,
are
of
great
curiositie
and
courage
,
and
therefore
men
of
warre
ought
neuer
(
against
right
)
be
villanously
handled
,
either
in
word
,
déede
,
or
countenance
.
He
must
create
a
Sergeant
Maior
,
that
is
a
souldier
of
great
experience
,
and
that
particularly
is
a
professour
of
that
office
,
to
the
end
he
know
precisely
what
is
to
be
preferred
in
euery
practise
:
such
a
one
as
can
yéelde
thereof
a
perfect
account
and
discourse
,
and
that
consequently
can
much
better
by
déede
then
by
word
execute
any
enterprise
.
And
for
that
in
his
office
it
is
necessarie
for
him
to
varie
and
change
purpose
,
with
infinite
aduertisements
and
considerations
,
as
the
shortnesse
of
time
now
and
then
requires
,
the
discommoditie
of
the
place
and
seat
therof
doth
inforce
,
the
order
of
the
enimies
doth
constraine
,
or
according
to
his
owne
proper
pollicie
,
or
the
prouident
prudence
of
his
Collonel
:
but
for
that
this
place
doth
not
permit
to
speak
particularly
of
euerie
point
,
I
will
passe
ouer
the
same
,
and
onely
referre
all
to
the
prouidence
of
his
long
and
approoued
experience
,
which
of
necessitie
is
required
vnto
him
,
which
I
further
referre
to
my
following
discourse
of
the
Sergeant
Maior
generall
.
He
ought
to
make
a
Marshall
of
his
lodgings
,
who
must
bée
his
principall
Furrier
and
Harbinger
,
that
must
attend
with
great
diligence
,
to
procure
lodging
for
all
,
without
pleasing
any
one
particular
person
for
any
priuate
commoditie
whatsoeuer
,
but
must
equally
distribute
,
and
depart
the
quarters
&
lodgings
according
as
néede
requires
:
neither
is
it
to
be
borne
withall
,
that
he
do
make
frée
any
houses
or
lodgings
,
neither
go
about
any
such
like
gaine
,
a
most
dishonest
and
vnlawfull
robberie
,
which
oftentimes
doth
cause
great
losse
and
discommoditie
to
men
of
warre
,
small
reputation
to
their
conductour
,
and
great
vexation
and
disturbance
to
the
poore
people
,
who
for
the
most
part
are
innocent
.
The
Collonels
harbinger
hauing
allotted
out
lodgings
to
euery
band
,
he
must
prefer
the
particular
disturbation
to
the
vnder
harbingers
.
A
general
Drummer
ought
likewise
to
be
created
and
appoited
,
who
may
take
charge
and
care
ouer
al
the
rest
of
the
Drummers
,
whose
office
&
custome
amongst
them
is
to
conserue
and
keepe
orders
,
to
the
intent
they
may
bée
obeyed
,
and
that
euerie
one
performe
his
duty
appertaining
to
his
office
,
as
to
strike
the
batterie
in
marching
in
battaile
,
or
disseuered
,
to
make
generall
bands
and
cries
,
to
strike
the
Diana
in
the
morning
,
and
the
Salue
or
Aue
maria
in
the
euining
at
the
closing
of
the
night
,
and
in
sounding
the
march
,
the
call
,
the
charge
,
the
battell
,
the
retrait
,
with
such
other
like
obseruations
and
necessarie
things
to
be
done
.
He
must
procure
to
haue
part
of
euerie
munition
for
his
regiment
,
out
of
the
principal
and
generall
munition
,
as
Corstets
,
Pikes
,
Halberds
,
Hargabuses
with
their
furniture
,
match
,
lead
,
powder
,
of
all
sort
of
victual
,
and
ech
thing
else
as
occasion
and
necessitie
requires
,
which
he
must
cause
his
Sergeant
Maior
to
distribute
amongst
his
bands
,
that
his
souldiers
be
not
exacted
on
in
the
prise
.
The
like
deuision
he
must
cause
him
to
make
by
money
it selfe
,
but
neuer
more
then
that
which
rests
as
due
to
them
,
as
manie
verie
maliciously
haue
accustomed
to
do
,
making
merchandise
thereof
to
the
losse
&
ruine
of
their
souldiers
:
towards
whom
they
are
bound
continually
to
procure
manifest
commoditie
&
profite
.
The
like
is
to
be
obserued
in
all
other
things
necessary
&
conformable
to
this
before
said
,
without
selling
of
furniture
to
them
of
excessiue
prise
,
for
nothing
is
more
dishonorable
or
more
miserable
,
then
to
extort
vpon
souldiers
.
It
is
verie
requisite
that
he
examine
the
election
and
choise
,
that
euerie
Captaine
hath
made
of
his
officers
in
euery
band
,
and
whether
they
do
thorowly
possesse
or
approch
verie
néere
to
the
perfite
experience
they
ought
to
do
,
of
whom
and
not
otherwise
he
shall
like
and
allow
.
Note
that
these
aduertisements
,
make
manifest
apparence
,
and
sets
forth
to
the
view
of
the
world
,
the
inward
valour
of
the
conductour
and
Collonel
:
for
if
he
neglect
these
obseruations
,
the
contrarie
doth
easily
ensue
.
I
iudge
it
a
thing
not
out
of
square
,
but
rather
most
expedient
that
the
one
halfe
of
the
Caualliers
of
S.
Georges
squadre
should
be
Hargabusiers
on
horseback
,
specially
when
warres
be
made
in
large
and
open
countries
,
or
else
howsoeuer
it
be
situate
,
for
being
men
of
valour
,
they
may
both
on
horsebacke
and
foote
doe
great
seruice
,
as
often
hath
bene
tried
by
manifest
experience
in
our
time
,
specially
in
the
late
warres
of
Flanders
,
vnder
my
Collonel
the
Baron
of
Sheuerau
,
in
seruice
of
Don
Iohn
of
Austria
,
and
the
Prince
of
Parma
,
where
I
being
of
the
number
of
the
Gentlemen
of
his
owne
band
,
haue
séene
dayly
excellent
good
seruice
done
by
them
,
as
well
by
discouering
the
enimies
ambuscades
,
as
to
draw
them
into
the
danger
of
our
footemen
.
And
likewise
in
the
spéedie
taking
and
kéeping
a
passage
of
importance
,
in
winning
aduertisements
and
the
watch
word
from
the
enimie
,
in
taking
prisoners
,
in
breaking
the
way
for
frée
passage
,
in
clearing
and
beating
the
hye
wayes
,
and
scowring
them
frée
from
the
enimie
and
fléebooters
,
in
making
roades
,
courses
and
incursions
,
in
discouering
the
countrie
and
taking
view
there
of
like
to
light
horsemen
,
specially
in
the
absence
of
the
Cauallerie
of
the
Campe
.
And
therfore
I
conclude
that
they
shall
be
found
to
be
a
knot
and
kind
of
necessarie
souldiers
,
prouided
that
they
be
practised
,
and
aboue
al
ful
of
valour
and
aspiring
minds
,
&
not
to
be
common
souldiers
,
taken
at
vnawares
out
of
ordinarie
bands
of
footemen
,
neither
such
as
carrie
a
dull
▪
base
and
abiect
mind
or
disposition
.
If
the
Collonell
had
the
authoritie
to
be
able
to
kéepe
togither
a
band
with
a
standerd
or
Guidon
,
and
a
trumpet
to
them
,
would
do
singuler
good
seruice
,
which
neuerthelesse
when
seruice
on
foote
did
call
them
forth
,
might
deliuer
vp
their
horses
,
Lances
,
&
Hargabushes
with
firelocks
vnto
their
seruants
,
kept
and
maintained
for
that
purpose
,
&
enter
into
ranke
or
battaile
amongst
the
rest
of
the
Caualliers
squadre
,
and
so
should
the
ordinarie
and
common
custome
of
hauing
horses
amongst
priuate
souldiers
be
auoided
,
saue
such
as
are
permitted
and
granted
to
some
officers
,
as
in
my
former
discourses
I
haue
alredie
declared
.
The
which
obseruation
shal
bring
to
passe
that
the
souldiers
in
marching
and
in
other
enterprises
shall
go
togithers
,
and
be
vnited
about
the
Ensigne
,
which
is
a
thing
most
conuenient
and
necessarie
,
and
ought
greatly
to
be
shunned
,
for
that
horses
by
ouerthwart
trauersing
are
accustomed
to
deface
th●…
squares
,
and
break
the
rankes
of
the
footemens
battailes
,
which
truely
is
verie
odious
and
of
great
disturbance
and
discommoditie
:
but
that
which
I
speake
of
this
extraordinarie
band
is
to
be
vnderstood
and
taken
,
when
there
is
no
ordinarie
bands
of
horsemen
ioyned
to
a
Collonels
Regiment
.
He
ought
to
take
vigilant
care
that
the
Gentlemen
of
his
band
and
Caualliers
of
his
squadre
,
being
continually
about
his
person
do
diligently
performe
,
that
which
they
are
appointed
of
him
to
do
by
commission
or
otherwise
,
and
that
they
make
faithfull
and
true
relation
to
him
of
euerie
particular
thing
,
that
hée
may
be
euer
fully
informed
of
all
things
,
and
chiefly
of
that
which
doth
passe
in
the
watch
worthy
&
necessarie
to
be
noted
,
as
wel
by
day
as
by
night
▪
since
that
by
going
the
Round
,
which
doth
appertaine
principally
to
these
Caualliers
,
many
things
of
moment
&
importance
may
verie
well
be
obserued
,
being
able
to
execute
any
of
the
inferiour
offices
,
&
both
quickly
conceiue
and
sensibly
vtter
any
new
accident
.
The
Collonel
must
most
carefully
with
humble
courtisie
court
his
captaine
generall
,
vse
great
respect
towards
him
,
obey
him
,
&
giue
him
faithfull
counsell
:
and
to
the
end
he
may
performe
this
thorowly
well
,
he
must
neuer
refuse
toile
or
trauell
,
since
that
to
take
pain
about
matters
of
like
importance
,
is
agréeable
and
conuenient
to
honorable
personages
his
equals
,
whereas
easie
delicacie
&
curiositie
appertaines
to
women
,
or
other
effeminate
persons
,
who
estéeme
more
of
belly
cheere
,
gallant
attyre
and
riches
,
then
of
the
péerelesse
prise
of
valor
&
vertue
,
and
that
prefer
a
fraile
bodie
before
an
immortall
soule
.
Some
hold
opinion
that
a
Collonel
hauing
to
allot
ou●…
what
number
of
pikes
,
short
weapons
,
and
shot
is
to
be
in
euery
band
,
that
it
is
farre
better
to
haue
but
one
sort
of
weapons
,
so
shall
the
Captaine
euer
accompanie
his
owne
souldiers
,
whereas
otherwise
they
being
disseuered
in
a
stand
battaile
,
he
must
either
loose
the
companie
of
his
shot
or
pykes
,
the
one
of
them
being
committed
to
a
second
,
and
the
short
weapons
to
a
third
,
which
doth
nothing
so
much
encourage
the
souldier
,
as
to
see
his
Captaine
companion
of
his
perils
,
and
the
contrarie
no
lesse
dismaieth
him
:
but
for
that
foughten
fields
chance
seldome
in
our
time
,
I
cease
to
wade
further
therein
,
only
aduertising
that
amongst
the
rest
of
his
souldiers
,
the
armed
pikes
must
be
gently
vsed
,
shewing
them
a
chéerefull
and
good
countenance
,
who
must
be
chosen
men
,
verie
hardie
and
valiant
.
He
must
procure
that
his
officers
diligently
performe
his
comissions
,
and
that
faithfully
they
make
relation
of
euerie
particular
thing
,
that
he
may
be
enformed
of
all
,
&
in
specially
that
which
happens
in
wards
,
as
well
in
the
day
as
in
the
night
,
for
they
going
in
circuit
as
appertaines
vnto
them
,
may
well
perceiue
what
chanceth
of
any
great
importance
.
So
that
by
obseruing
these
aduertisements
,
the
industrie
of
the
Leader
doth
appeare
,
wheras
not
being
wel
looked
vnto
great
ruine
doth
arise
.
To
conclude
,
when
his
Regiment
is
discharged
,
either
at
the
end
of
the
warres
or
otherwise
,
he
ought
to
take
care
that
he
in
any
wise
procure
,
that
they
may
be
conducted
wholly
togither
,
and
afterwards
disband
them
in
such
a
place
,
as
from
thence
euerie
souldier
may
easily
and
without
feare
transport
himselfe
into
his
owne
countrie
,
and
if
it
be
possible
,
hauing
his
health
,
his
armes
,
and
his
apparell
entyre
:
for
otherwise
if
souldiers
be
disseuered
in
far
countries
,
they
suffer
great
inconuenience
,
in
hard
&
difficile
passages
,
in
victuals
and
lodgings
,
the
which
doth
cause
their
destruction
,
the
discredite
and
dishonour
of
their
conductour
,
and
is
a
great
blot
in
the
fame
of
our
nation
,
as
those
that
haue
séene
Holland
&
the
Lowcountries
can
witnes
:
wherfore
it
is
a
thing
to
be
reformed
for
the
increase
of
our
credite
and
old
naturall
valour
.
The
election
,
office
and
duetie
of
the
foure
Corporals
of
the
field
.
GReat
regard
would
be
had
to
the
choosing
of
these
,
as
wel
for
their
calling
,
yeares
,
and
valiantnes
,
as
otherwise
for
their
experience
,
lenitie
and
wisedome
.
Whereby
these
warlike
affaires
may
be
the
readier
&
sooner
executed
,
otherwise
it
may
be
preiudiciall
to
the
whole
armie
.
These
4.
bée
vnder
the
Sergeant
Maior
generall
,
to
appoint
,
set
order
,
and
make
battaile
and
battailes
,
and
to
guide
euery
particular
person
therein
▪
according
to
their
degrée
and
office
,
and
as
the
necessitie
of
the
same
shall
require
,
to
instruct
and
reforme
,
whose
commaundements
all
Captaines
and
souldiers
with
their
officers
must
obey
,
but
in
march
,
approch
,
Canuisado
,
skirmish
,
retraite
,
watch
,
ward
,
or
what
other
seruice
by
them
shal
bée
commaunded
,
whose
authoritie
likewise
is
such
,
as
if
any
resist
,
they
shall
by
the
Prouost
Martiall
bée
punished
as
Rebels
,
of
what
calling
or
degrée
soeuer
they
bée
.
Two
of
these
are
appointed
to
the
placing
and
ordering
of
shot
,
and
the
other
two
for
the
●…mbattelling
of
the
Pikes
and
Halberdes
,
who
according
to
their
worthines
if
death
happeneth
,
are
to
succéede
the
Sergeant
Maior
.
The
Office
appertaining
to
the
Sergeant
Maior
generall
.
DEw
order
and
politike
proportion
,
by
how
much
they
bée
necessarie
in
all
humane
affaires
,
by
so
much
more
the
weightie
office
of
the
Sergeant
Maior
generall
is
to
bée
had
in
estimation
,
for
vpon
his
charge
&
aucthoritie
doth
depend
only
the
good
ordering
of
all
causes
,
but
also
the
forme
,
fashion
,
and
execution
of
the
most
principall
matters
,
for
the
readie
and
expedient
seruice
of
the
armie
.
And
likewise
of
ech
other
assemblie
that
is
made
,
through
occasion
of
defence
or
offence
,
of
wha●…
number
of
souldiers
soeuer
,
the
which
if
this
worthy
Office●…
should
want
,
can
neuer
bée
brought
to
passe
and
performed
,
in
such
requisite
sort
as
is
conuenient
:
Since
that
he
is
that
person
neutrall
,
who
doth
kéepe
together
in
accord
the
Captaines
,
other
Officers
and
souldiers
,
manie
times
abused
by
their
particular
companie
,
charge
,
and
offices
,
more
then
is
honest
o●…
conuenient
.
And
in
effect
it
is
hée
that
holdes
a
iust
and
equall
ballance
amongst
the
souldiers
of
euery
in
the
Armie
.
Prouided
alwaies
that
it
bée
in
those
warlike
affaires
that
are
subiect
●…o
order
,
how
to
kéepe
and
obserue
the
same
,
and
such
like
matters
,
and
not
in
those
things
that
appertaine
to
iustice
,
and
the
rest
of
the
office
of
the
Marshal
generall
of
the
field
,
as
I
meane
to
touch
in
the
discourse
of
his
Office
.
Therefore
this
great
Officer
ought
to
haue
certain
sufficient
and
old
trained
souldiers
about
him
to
bée
his
continuall
aide
,
that
is
,
fower
Corporals
which
may
bée
his
consorts
and
coadiutors
,
and
in
absence
succéede
him
both
in
office
and
aucthority
:
So
that
the
Sergeant
Maior
by
meanes
of
the
aucthority
giuen
him
by
his
Prince
,
and
through
that
which
of
custome
hée
doth
carie
by
his
office
:
It
is
necessarie
hée
obserue
diligent
,
artificiall
,
and
readie
meanes
,
not
only
to
maintain
the
said
aucthoritie
,
but
requisitely
to
augment
the
same
,
in
the
minds
&
hartes
of
the
Captaines
,
of
the
officers
&
souldiers
contained
vnder
his
charge
and
expedition
,
to
the
end
that
in
those
orders
&
fashions
of
squadrons
&
battailes
,
which
hée
hath
determined
with
him selfe
to
vse
,
or
in
those
hée
is
to
execute
by
the
commaundement
of
his
Captain
general
,
hée
may
haue
such
entire
&
ready
obedience
as
is
requisite
,
without
the
which
what
great
diligence
soeuer
hée
can
vse
,
is
not
sufficient
to
make
any
affaires
or
enterprises
come
to
good
issue
in
this
important
office
,
the
which
might
bée
proued
by
many
examples
passed
,
if
wée
would
examine
them
.
It
is
most
necessarie
for
him
in
his
office
,
to
presuppose
with
himself
,
consider
of
,
&
foresée
al
chances
&
causes
before
the
euent
therof
succéede
,
&
before
hand
to
foretell
&
take
order
with
others
what
is
requisite
to
bée
executed
,
considering
the
time
wherin
he
is
to
work
,
is
for
the
most
part
very
short
,
since
ordinarily
it
doth
fall
in
suddain
rumors
of
Alarums
,
so
that
in
this
hastie
occasion
of
breuitie
it
is
conuenient
he
procéede
expediently
,
orderly
,
and
readily
,
not
béeing
dismaied
of
the
enimies
presence
,
for
the
most
part
of
all
his
actions
,
are
to
bée
performed
euen
in
the
face
of
the
enimie
:
Wherefore
if
hée
did
not
gouerne
himselfe
warely
,
politikely
,
&
prouided
with
good
consideration
,
and
if
hée
had
not
ordained
before
hand
what
is
to
bée
done
,
neuer
any
thing
amongst
so
many
things
,
which
hée
ought
to
performe
with
perfection
,
would
succéede
with
happie
felicitie
,
for
particularly
in
that
time
that
Alarum
is
giuen
to
the
souldiers
,
vniuersally
entire
attention
is
not
giuen
vnto
that
which
is
commanded
:
for
the
eares
of
all
are
occupied
,
part
with
the
rumor
&
noise
,
&
part
through
the
clashing
and
clattering
of
the
armour
&
weapons
they
weare
,
&
with
other
confusions
that
arise
,
but
béeing
of
a
quicke
inuention
hée
may
suddainly
perceiue
and
conceiue
,
the
nature
,
situation
,
&
order
of
the
enimies
aray
,
altering
and
disposing
accordingly
his
owne
.
Besides
,
this
it
is
very
conuenient
for
him
to
know
distinctly
how
many
Collonels
&
priuate
Captains
there
bée
in
the
army
,
&
of
what
qualitie
&
kind
their
conduct
&
guiding
is
,
and
what
grosse
number
of
armed
pikes
&
halberds
hée
hath
to
command
,
how
many
light
armed
or
disarmed
,
both
of
the
one
sort
and
the
other
:
the
number
of
the
Musket
&
hargabuziers
on
foote
,
&
the
quantity
of
horsemen
,
how
many
lances
,
how
many
light
horsemen
,
&
how
many
Argoloteares
,
&
what
number
of
other
souldiers
,
&
of
what
valour
or
moment
they
are
able
to
preuaile
:
to
the
end
that
hée
may
afterwards
order
them
about
any
exploit
,
these
to
make
the
front
,
these
to
bée
the
backe
,
others
for
the
wings
,
flanks
&
sléeues
,
others
to
empale
the
squadrons
,
others
to
enuiron
the
enimy
,
&
others
for
the
fit
conuenient
places
to
execute
a
slaughter
,
&
such
like
,
others
to
defend
the
bagage
,
artillarie
,
&
munition
,
others
to
entertain
&
skirmish
with
the
enimie
,
&
for
the
forlorne
hope
,
others
to
guide
and
Ascolt
or
conuoy
,
&
others
to
performe
such
other
like
seruice
.
And
for
his
better
instruction
must
likewise
accordingly
haue
a
Roll
of
al
the
bands
,
from
the
Lord
high
Marshal
,
with
their
difference
of
weapon
,
which
hauing
alwaies
about
him
may
reprehend
the
want
,
and
informe
the
muster
Master
&
Treasorer
.
Hée
shall
likewise
take
order
with
euery
Collonel
,
Captain
,
&
chieftain
,
that
in
the
day
vpon
any
Alarum
,
they
conduct
their
bands
into
the
market
or
place
appointed
for
the
main
battail
,
néere
wher
the
artillary
or
munition
is
kept
,
that
they
come
not
in
a
fond
sort
stragling
ordispersed
,
or
vpon
heapes
,
as
in
disorder
they
are
sometimes
accustomed
,
but
orderly
&
warely
about
the
ensigne
,
that
they
may
make
a
forceable
front
&
gallant
resistance
where
occasion
offers
,
&
giue
a
valiant
onset
wher
néede
requires
:
for
it
hath
bin
oftentimes
séene
that
this
place
of
armes
hath
bin
assaulted
&
possest
of
the
enimy
,
it
béeing
a
common
custome
,
that
the
munition
of
the
Artillary
is
hoatly
assaulted
by
the
enimies
,
the
more
to
disseuer
,
to
break
,
to
deceiue
,
&
disperse
the
army
with
more
assurance
&
ease
,
that
therby
they
may
force
the
fort
,
or
break
in
where
the
munition
is
garded
.
When
they
be
entred
into
the
place
of
armes
,
euery
band
with
the
ensigne
must
attend
to
follow
the
sergeant
Maior
,
&
the
Corporals
in
obedience
&
silence
,
&
after
euery
particular
company
is
placed
together
in
the
order
,
appointed
by
the
Corporals
&
sergeant
Maior
general
:
the
main
&
real
square
battail
of
earth
must
bée
made
,
and
not
of
number
of
men
,
or
of
a
fewe
combatants
and
pikemen
:
to
the
intent
the
head
and
the
backe
may
bée
of
sufficient
strength
to
shoulder
downe
the
enimie
,
by
presenting
a
greater
number
of
souldiers
in
one
thréede
of
a
ranke
,
both
to
fight
and
giue
the
enimie
the
shocke
:
The
which
thing
doth
not
fal
out
in
many
other
battails
,
&
that
likewise
doth
embrace
and
occupie
in
euery
respect
lesse
compasse
of
ground
,
both
the
one
and
the
other
aduertisement
is
very
substanciall
,
&
for
the
most
part
of
greatest
aduantage
,
for
euery
man
of
experience
doth
know
how
much
it
doth
profit
,
so
néere
as
is
possible
,
to
be
planted
&
placed
in
one
vnited
order
,
and
to
take
on
hand
to
defend
a
small
circuite
of
ground
,
as
by
this
forme
doth
verie
well
ensue
and
succéede
.
Hée
must
set
both
in
the
one
and
the
other
of
these
places
,
that
is
to
say
,
at
the
head
and
backe
of
the
battaile
,
the
onely
choise
souldiers
and
best
armed
men
,
which
order
hée
ought
likewise
to
obserue
in
those
which
must
impale
the
rest
,
the
face
,
the
back
and
flankes
of
the
battaile
consisting
of
well
armed
Pikes
,
specially
if
the
situation
of
the
ground
and
cariages
do
want
,
as
by
reason
is
requisite
and
conuenient
,
and
place
the
Ensignes
béeing
accompanied
with
good
Halberds
,
&
men
of
valour
in
their
accustomed
standing
of
the
footmens
rankes
.
Hée
must
make
to
his
battaile
two
wings
of
Hargabuziers
,
the
one
lesse
,
and
the
other
greater
,
as
the
situation
of
the
ground
wil
beare
or
suffer
,
the
which
wings
are
to
defend
and
flanke
the
maine
square
,
euen
in
the
same
sort
,
as
curtaines
or
bulwarkes
with
their
casamates
,
do
flanke
a
fortresse
.
It
is
verie
necessarie
for
him
to
haue
certaine
souldiers
,
besides
the
battaile
and
wings
in
the
front
,
vnder
the
name
of
the
forlorne
hoope
,
and
an
other
part
that
readily
and
couragiously
béeing
kéept
behind
the
battaile
,
may
bée
imploied
in
diuers
néedefull
enterprises
,
without
discouering
or
disseuering
the
wings
,
or
any
other
bodie
of
battaile
ordained
to
other
effect
,
&
flanking
himselfe
with
these
wings
,
hee
may
sometimes
fight
with
great
aduantage
on
all
sides
,
although
the
flankes
of
the
said
battaile
be
weaker
,
&
containe
a
lesse
quantitie
of
souldiers
then
the
head
or
the
backe
:
and
therfore
with
great
iudgements
these
flankes
ought
to
bée
placed
towards
the
strongest
part
of
the
situation
,
&
aided
with
the
wings
of
Hargabuziers
,
and
the
●…eregard
,
for
that
sometimes
one
of
the
●…ankes
béeing
forced
to
b●…ecome
the
front
,
the
said
hargabuziers
by
good
reason
and
very
aduisedly
,
may
retire
&
thrust
themselues
into
the
thréede
of
the
rankes
of
the
Pikemen
,
from
whence
they
may
shoot
and
wound
the
enimie
,
and
defend
their
owne
partie
.
The
forlorne
hope
in
the
front
of
the
battaile
,
must
bée
succoured
with
n●…w
supplies
from
behind
,
and
if
néede
require
from
the
winges
,
that
the
front
of
the
armed
men
bée
neuer
left
naked
and
vncouered
,
till
the
battailes
bée
so
néere
that
they
bée
ready
to
crosse
their
pikes
,
then
must
the
other
retire
into
the
wings
,
or
behind
the
battaile
to
the
cariages
.
To
forme
and
set
in
order
this
battaile
with
facillitie
,
which
in
my
opinion
is
the
best
founded
,
firme
,
profitable
,
and
most
expedient
,
and
if
necessitie
did
require
,
more
apt
to
iourney
then
many
other
forme
of
battailes
bée
:
I
therfore
say
it
is
conuenient
for
the
Sergeant
to
haue
a
long
practise
in
Millitarie
profession
,
or
else
very
good
Theoricke
,
or
that
which
is
better
,
both
the
one
and
the
other
together
,
for
if
a
man
do
but
only
possess●…
practised
experience
,
hee
doth
not
alwaies
direct
and
bring
his
enterprises
to
perfection
,
but
doth
worke
with
more
spéede
and
facillitie
,
which
is
a
thing
verie
necessarie
and
altogether
requisite
by
Theorick
only
,
matters
be
wrought
with
perfection
,
but
much
more
coldly
,
slow
,
and
with
longer
time
:
The
which
defects
and
imperfections
ought
to
bée
fled
of
men
that
bée
of
valour
:
It
is
an
accustomed
saying
,
that
practise
,
for
that
it
is
a
thing
more
material
,
is
said
to
bée
the
bodie
,
and
Theoricke
the
mind
,
for
that
the
same
looking
into
the
matter
doth
first
dispose
&
set
in
order
,
and
the
other
execute
,
whereby
it
followes
that
the
one
&
the
other
ioined
together
,
doth
make
vs
aptly
to
conceiue
and
readily
to
execute
this
office
,
and
euery
other
enterprise
,
so
that
wée
cannot
desire
any
further
direction
.
And
for
that
euery
man
ought
to
apply
himselfe
in
all
his
actions
to
attaine
to
full
perfection
,
for
the
absolute
performance
therof
,
hée
ought
to
ioine
practise
with
Theoricke
,
which
is
reading
,
specially
in
Algorisme
,
Algebra
,
&
the
platformes
of
battailes
,
the
which
in
forming
the
order
of
this
square
battaile
both
instruct
,
that
you
must
deuide
the
whole
number
,
placing
the
souldiers
which
are
to
bée
bestowed
in
this
battaile
by
21.
taking
from
the
quotient
the
roote
of
the
quadrant
number
,
placing
it
in
some
part
a
side
,
then
multiplying
the
said
quadrant
roote
by
7.
you
shal
haue
the
number
of
souldiers
,
which
doth
enter
by
rankes
,
then
multiplying
the
same
roote
by
3.
you
may
find
the
number
of
the
rankes
,
which
béeing
done
,
if
you
multiplie
the
number
of
that
which
amounteth
by
21.
&
the
product
shall
shew
the
number
of
those
souldiers
which
are
not
to
be
placed
in
main
battail
,
which
may
serue
in
many
profitable
vses
,
and
thus
this
quadrant
battaile
may
bée
formed
.
Tartaglie
Bresciano
in
his
booke
of
Martiall
inuentions
,
giues
rule
to
forme
the
same
perfectly
in
other
sort
.
In
the
which
it
is
necessarie
to
make
quadrate
the
number
49.
that
is
to
multiply
it
in
it selfe
,
which
will
make
2401.
&
this
2401.
hée
shal
multiply
by
the
number
of
souldiers
hée
would
put
in
battaile
,
&
shall
deuide
the
product
by
the
number
of
100.
and
of
the
product
hée
shal
after
take
the
square
roote
,
the
which
roote
wil
bée
the
number
of
souldiers
which
shall
enter
into
ranks
,
&
shal
deuide
with
the
said
roote
the
quotient
already
mentioned
,
which
ought
to
bée
put
in
battail
,
&
that
which
shal
arise
is
the
number
of
the
ranks
and
the
surpluse
which
doth
arise
in
this
last
quotient
,
are
the
souldiers
which
remaine
out
of
the
square
,
the
which
are
otherwise
to
bée
emploied
.
But
to
frame
the
square
of
men
,
there
is
nothing
to
bée
done
,
but
to
take
the
square
roote
from
the
number
of
souldiers
,
and
the
same
roote
will
bée
the
number
of
souldiers
which
must
enter
into
rank
,
and
the
selfe
same
roote
wil
bee
the
number
of
the
ranks
,
this
béeing
done
hée
must
force
himselfe
to
maintaine
and
kéepe
them
in
due
order
and
iust
square
.
To
obserue
good
order
,
hauing
made
proclamation
that
euery
one
shall
kéepe
his
place
,
béeing
assisted
by
the
4.
Corporals
and
the
Sergeant
Maiors
of
the
Regiments
in
their
quarters
:
Hée
must
diligently
ryde
héere
and
there
about
the
squadrons
,
vsing
certain
manifest
&
knowne
signes
,
wherin
order
must
bée
taken
openly
&
not
priuely
,
to
the
intent
they
may
be
credited
&
obeied
of
those
that
know
the
manner
of
this
obseruation
:
for
by
declaring
the
same
secréetly
&
priuately
,
it
is
vneasilie
&
very
hardly
executed
of
certain
ambitious
and
ignorant
persons
,
which
are
accustomed
to
make
profession
that
they
are
not
to
bée
commanded
more
of
this
man
then
of
that
,
and
do
replie
in
contraries
,
wheras
they
ought
to
employ
themselues
to
nothing
more
then
obedience
,
without
hauing
respect
to
any
other
particular
profit
or
commoditie
.
Hée
must
take
order
and
command
expresly
al
Collonels
,
Captaines
and
Officers
,
that
continually
they
remain
firme
,
&
kéep
their
appointed
places
,
the
which
places
ought
to
be
such
as
bée
feared
to
bée
of
greatest
danger
&
importance
,
as
the
front
,
the
backe
,
the
flank
,
&
the
sléeues
,
&
wings
of
the
Hargabuziers
,
the
like
wherof
may
bée
obserued
in
the
other
battailes
,
when
it
is
necessary
to
forme
more
then
one
,
as
oftentimes
it
fals
out
.
Let
him
obserue
diligently
to
procéede
in
all
these
respectes
,
with
a
modest
&
low
voice
,
not
with
rough
woords
to
souldiers
,
but
with
swéet
&
smooth
spéech
,
&
if
it
bée
possible
with
signes
and
tokens
rather
then
with
words
,
for
by
that
maner
of
procéeding
souldiers
remain
more
attentiue
,
&
better
instructed
,
then
with
crying
&
calling
,
which
for
the
most
part
procures
disobedience
,
&
causeth
contempt
of
aucthority
,
&
moreouer
in
matters
of
importance
procures
smal
effect
.
And
so
euery
Captain
hauing
his
place
,
some
in
the
front
,
some
in
the
rereward
,
some
to
lead
shot
in
the
winges
,
others
to
guide
the
forlorne
hope
,
ech
one
must
carefully
,
as
I
haue
said
,
execute
&
obey
the
Sergeant
Maiors
commandement
,
whether
it
be
by
signe
or
by
voice
,
by
Drum
or
trumpet
,
or
by
any
other
manifest
token
&
aduertisement
.
These
obseruations
bée
of
great
force
,
wherwithall
amongst
other
his
good
qualities
,
in
nature
&
custome
requisite
for
this
person
to
possesse
,
it
is
most
necessarie
that
hée
bee
well
giuen
to
Religion
,
that
hée
be
charitable
,
courteous
&
louing
towards
the
souldiers
,
&
vse
exquisite
example
for
their
better
instruction
,
which
aboue
all
things
must
not
bee
villanously
entreated
,
neither
otherwise
dispised
,
but
as
much
as
may
be
corrected
with
a
gentle
hand
,
and
alwaies
with
lenitie
fauored
.
If
in
the
night
by
reason
of
Alarums
he
bée
to
set
the
armie
in
order
,
hee
must
before
hand
haue
appointed
the
Captaines
,
that
their
lanternes
,
quarieres
,
torches
or
cressets
bee
in
a
readines
,
vpon
any
suddaine
to
bée
light
vp
,
the
which
they
must
doe
:
prouided
alwaies
that
it
bée
necessarie
and
expedient
,
and
that
particularly
it
hath
bin
of
purpose
ordained
and
commaunded
,
that
then
they
guide
behind
them
,
euery
band
by
themselues
into
the
place
of
Armes
,
but
the
Hargabuziers
of
euery
company
disseuered
from
the
Pikes
and
other
weapons
,
which
Pikemen
shall
gather
within
them
▪
their
Ensignes
in
safetie
,
and
the
Hargabuziers
shal
march
iust
after
them
and
before
them
,
as
shal
bée
appointed
or
séeme
most
expedient
.
And
to
the
intent
the
same
may
bée
more
spéedely
performed
,
the
fower
Corporats
,
and
Sergeant
Maiors
of
the
regiments
,
shall
verie
aduisedly
go
to
the
assigned
places
&
quarters
of
the
lodgings
,
for
this
respect
if
it
bée
possible
,
that
al
the
people
may
arise
,
may
arme
themselues
,
may
ioine
in
one
,
&
ariue
at
the
same
instant
at
the
place
of
armes
;
where
they
are
of
this
worthy
Officer
to
bée
receiued
,
and
put
in
squadre
in
the
forme
of
a
halfe
Moone
or
cressant
,
&
within
the
compasse
of
the
hornes
of
the
said
Moone
,
euery
Alfierus
as
hée
ariueth
,
must
compasse
&
plant
himselfe
in
the
forme
of
a
crowne
,
one
by
one
with
their
Ensignes
in
their
hands
,
&
amongst
them
those
that
be
armed
with
rondels
&
targets
if
there
bée
any
;
as
for
a
small
competent
number
it
is
requisite
ther
should
bée
(
vnlesse
those
of
proofe
which
must
lead
the
shot
,
)
then
behind
them
the
armed
with
halberds
,
&
after
these
that
bée
light
armed
pikes
,
and
about
the
vtmost
compasse
of
the
said
circle
,
&
in
both
the
tippes
&
hornes
of
the
moone
the
armed
pikes
are
to
be
planted
,
and
the
Sergeants
&
Lieutenants
must
attend
to
apply
themselues
for
the
conseruation
&
kéeping
of
the
order
of
these
last
Kinges
without
:
Now
the
rest
of
the
Collonels
&
Captaines
;
with
the
person
of
the
Captain
general
,
&
the
Cauallieres
of
his
owne
squadre
,
and
a
great
part
of
the
lightes
&
Drums
,
must
stand
in
the
void
place
betwixt
both
the
hornes
before
the
Ensignes
,
where
reseruing
the
messages
&
ambassages
of
aduertisements
that
go
and
come
in
such
cases
,
they
may
consult
and
determin
vpon
such
things
as
are
to
bée
done
.
The
entrance
of
this
void
place
ought
to
bée
turned
towards
the
strongest
situation
of
the
said
ground
,
&
if
it
bée
conuenient
,
and
the
ground
wil
permit
▪
let
it
be
garded
with
certain
field
péeces
and
shot
.
The
hargabuziers
in
the
self
same
time
are
to
be
disposed
&
placed
by
the
Sergeant
Maior
,
so
far
distant
from
the
foresaid
squadre
,
&
in
so
many
places
&
so
many
proportions
,
as
the
situation
of
the
ground
,
parts
and
qualities
doth
require
,
being
conformable
to
that
present
seruice
,
therby
the
better
to
flank
,
fortifie
&
assure
the
foresaid
principal
battail
.
And
to
euery
troupe
of
hargabuziers
hée
shal
appoint
the
other
halfe
and
moity
of
the
Officers
,
Drums
&
lights
,
if
it
bée
conuenient
,
to
the
intent
that
in
fight
or
otherwise
in
all
causes
they
may
readily
worke
and
performe
exploits
,
neither
do
I
thinke
it
good
that
in
these
affaires
of
the
night
,
Geometricall
measures
be
necessarie
,
and
much
lesse
Arithmetical
numbers
:
but
the
carefull
diligence
of
valiant
and
discréete
officers
,
is
most
expedient
and
necessarie
,
who
must
euer
frame
themselues
conformable
,
and
be
in
these
actions
altogither
obedient
to
the
Sergeant
Maior
,
particularly
putting
in
execution
his
order
and
pleasure
:
The
proportion
of
this
foresaid
Cressant
was
vsed
of
Alexander
Vitellus
in
the
night
vpon
the
toppe
of
a
mountaine
,
against
the
mightis
Lutheran
League
.
In
the
day
time
the
armie
rising
and
setting
forward
to
march
and
standing
in
doubt
of
the
enimie
,
the
Sergeant
Maior
must
forme
the
ordinance
and
battaile
of
the
armed
and
disarmed
Pikes
,
of
the
Halberds
and
other
weapons
,
in
such
sort
,
that
hauing
to
double
the
rankes
to
make
them
greater
,
the
battails
may
fall
out
in
due
proportion
,
that
is
to
say
,
that
the
front
and
the
backe
way
deuide
equally
the
armed
Corslets
and.
Pikes
,
alwayes
prouided
that
the
flankes
be
not
left
disarmed
and
void
of
Pikes
,
so
shall
he
bring
to
passe
that
the
short
weapons
shal
enclose
the
Ensignes
iust
in
the
midst
amongst
them
,
kéeping
defended
betwixt
them
and
the
armed
Corslets
and
Pikes
,
as
well
on
the
front
as
on
the
backe
,
the
disarmed
Pikes
,
the
which
to
make
number
and
to
fill
vp
roome
,
ought
not
to
be
refused
amongst
a
great
number
of
footemen
in
the
field
,
since
it
is
verie
hard
for
all
men
to
arme
themselues
,
they
being
armed
onely
with
a
brest
plate
and
burganet
,
or
with
a
coate
of
plate
or
iack
&
a
scul
,
are
good
to
turne
on
amongst
shot
.
And
as
the
quantitie
&
number
of
Pikes
,
principally
togither
with
other
short
weapons
,
is
the
verie
strength
&
force
of
the
armed
footemen
:
So
the
musketeares
&
hargabusiers
,
serue
to
no
other
end
but
to
flank
,
to
raise
ruine
&
deface
all
defences
,
to
make
imbuscades
,
to
skirmish
diligently
to
execute
such
like
enterprises
:
and
finally
to
pursue
the
enimy
,
defending
or
expugning
some
strong
place
,
fortresse
,
passage
,
or
breach
,
or
what
other
condition
soeuer
.
When
he
hath
put
the
ordenance
and
march
in
this
foresaid
forme
and
maner
,
&
that
he
doth
carry
in
mind
the
Theorick
&
Rules
which
before
are
mentioned
,
he
may
so
ingrosse
and
double
the
ranks
,
specially
when
he
aspects
and
stayes
for
the
enimie
,
that
he
may
frame
▪
the
square
battaile
of
ground
or
of
number
a●…d
of
men
,
both
the
one
and
the
other
,
without
any
difficultie
.
He
may
likewise
cause
euerie
particular
Sergeant
place
all
the
Pikes
armed
and
disarmed
,
with
the
other
weapons
they
haue
in
charge
,
and
also
the
Ensigne
,
in
so
many
li●…es
&
rankes
as
the
people
of
the
other
bands
likewise
armed
by
their
Sergeant
are
formed
and
fashioned
.
Besides
it
would
be
very
good
for
the
Sergeant
Maior
,
first
of
all
,
aduisedly
to
consider
with
the
Sergeants
,
how
many
lines
or
ranks
they
are
to
be
by
companie
:
prouided
alwayes
that
one
band
be
like
vnto
another
in
quantitie
of
lines
&
rankes
,
that
their
proportion
may
answere
and
be
correspondent
.
These
bodies
so
ordained
,
are
of
many
called
maniples
or
scales
,
as
thus
.
Marching
in
this
order
he
may
cause
al
the
Alfieres
of
euerie
Regiment
to
march
in
ranke
vnited
togither
,
without
mixing
themselues
with
others
that
pertain
to
other
Collonels
,
or
with
other
priuate
captains
,
and
when
the
maniple
be
doubled
&
the
battel
is
complet
&
engrossed
,
euery
Alfierus
may
go
to
his
own
band
,
and
remain
with
the
same
,
for
the
more
satisfaction
of
his
company
and
his
greater
saftie
.
And
returning
with
the
said
order
of
maniples
to
march
in
long
ordinance
as
before
,
euery
Alfierus
shal
turne
amongst
the
other
Alfierus
or
Ensigne
bearers
where
he
remained
first
.
The
Hargabusiers
must
march
disseuered
from
the
battaile
,
the
one
halfe
in
Uantgard
,
and
the
other
half
in
reargard
,
or
somwhat
distant
of
,
vpon
the
right
hand
,
&
vpon
the
left
hand
,
as
the
way
shall
serue
with
most
commoditie
,
or
as
shall
be
thought
most
necessarie
,
if
suspect
be
had
of
the
enimie
,
so
that
according
as
néede
doth
require
,
redoubling
the
rankes
,
and
causing
one
to
enter
into
another
,
or
knit
and
ioyne
togither
,
he
may
engrosse
them
and
put
them
in
order
with
good
aduisement
,
to
flanke
this
foresaid
principall
battaile
in
as
good
forme
as
he
possible
may
.
It
is
a
most
necessarie
note
to
be
had
in
memorie
,
that
as
wel
the
two
wings
or
sléeues
of
Hargabusiers
,
as
also
the
front
or
backe
part
of
the
ordained
battaile
or
generall
square
,
are
alwayes
recommended
,
as
before
I
said
,
to
the
worthy
Collonels
and
Captaines
,
and
honorable
officers
and
souldiers
,
to
the
intent
they
may
alwayes
giue
remedie
,
by
discourse
consider
,
and
by
courage
determine
of
al
matters
,
making
choise
of
the
chiefest
part
in
those
affaires
of
importance
,
without
attending
or
aspecting
for
counsell
▪
if
in
case
such
counsell
be
not
present
and
readie
at
hand
.
Neither
is
it
to
be
misliked
or
out
of
course
,
but
as
I
iudge
a
thing
verie
necessarie
to
send
for
Uantgard
and
Reargard
,
and
on
both
sides
some
what
farre
off
from
the
battaile
,
squadrons
,
troopes
or
hornes
of
Hargabusiers
out
of
the
forlorne
hope
:
the
which
without
mouing
the
souldiers
of
the
battaile
,
the
ordained
square
and
flankes
may
verie
sufficiently
performe
all
enterprises
,
discoueries
,
and
do
great
seruice
of
maruellous
importance
and
profite
,
and
in
effect
may
assure
the
way
and
passage
to
the
squadrons
that
come
behind
or
go
before
from
surprises
,
&c.
Marching
out
of
danger
or
suspicion
of
the
enimy
,
the
Sergeant
Maior
deuiding
euerie
armes
by
themselues
,
must
forme
the
accustomed
ordinance
,
and
marching
with
this
,
hée
may
accept
the
companies
which
ariue
,
as
they
come
,
and
send
the
Hargabusiers
of
the
front
of
this
companie
to
the
Uantgard
of
the
Hargabusiers
of
the
foresaid
formed
rankes
,
and
those
of
the
backe
to
the
reargard
:
the
Ensignes
to
the
place
of
the
Ensignes
and
the
forepart
of
the
Pikes
and
Halberds
to
the
front
,
and
the
hindermost
part
to
the
backe
of
this
square
battaile
and
ordinance
:
in
the
midst
of
the
day
when
the
Armie
makes
Al●…
to
rest
,
in
the
morning
when
they
dislodge
,
and
at
night
when
they
encampe
,
let
the
Sergeant
Maior
accompanied
with
the
Marshall
of
the
fielde
,
range
the
armie
into
sundrie
formes
of
battailes
and
squares
,
that
ech
one
may
be
well
acquainted
with
euerie
sort
of
battaile
,
the
which
although
part
of
them
be
not
to
march
withall
,
and
not
in
vse
,
yet
for
exercise
sake
,
and
for
that
sometimes
they
are
found
to
be
profitable
,
when
they
are
diligently
ordained
and
disposed
,
being
conformable
to
the
situation
of
the
ground
,
and
correspondent
to
that
present
enterprise
,
specially
when
they
be
contained
and
framed
of
a
great
number
of
people
,
I
haue
thought
good
in
my
figures
hereunto
annexed
,
to
set
downe
some
of
old
and
some
of
newe
inuentions
,
hoping
that
some
of
them
may
satisfie
our
curious
conceited
Captaines
.
But
to
delate
further
of
these
foresaid
particulars
,
the
Sergeant
Maior
must
euerie
day
repaire
to
the
Lord
high
marshal
,
or
the
Lieutenant
generall
,
to
receiue
direction
in
what
sort
that
day
the
armie
is
to
march
,
whose
pleasures
knowne
,
he
must
,
as
●…
said
before
,
sort
euery
kind
of
weapon
by
it selfe
,
and
then
dra●…
them
forth
in
maniples
or
sléeues
,
in
3.
5.
02
7.
in
a
ranke
,
or
mor●…
as
occasion
serues
,
and
so
to
place
euerie
band
that
their
Cap
taines
may
be
with
them
to
direct
and
animate
them
,
which
i●…
these
our
dayes
is
almost
impossible
to
be
done
,
euery
smal
ban●…
being
deuided
into
seuerall
weapons
,
so
that
he
cannot
in
time
of
such
generall
seruice
accompanie
his
owne
band
,
which
surely
is
repugnant
to
antique
Discipline
.
Some
hold
opinion
,
vnlesse
the
souldiers
bee
rawe
and
vntrained
men
,
that
it
is
not
good
to
aduenture
the
brunt
,
in
one
maine
square
battaile
,
but
rather
in
diuers
squadrons
and
sundrie
battillions
,
specially
if
by
the
continuance
of
many
yeares
seruice
they
be
trained
in
such
sort
,
as
in
the
furie
of
the
fight
they
can
both
march
forward
if
they
preuaile
,
or
retyre
vpon
disaduantage
,
and
yet
maintaine
perfectly
their
arayes
:
then
by
no
meanes
the
battaile
is
to
be
committed
to
one
hazard
of
fortune
,
but
imitating
the
Romaines
ancient
warlike
discipline
,
to
place
themselues
in
thrée
or
foure
seuerall
fronts
,
with
conuenient
spaces
for
the
first
to
retire
and
vnite
himselfe
with
the
second
,
&
both
these
(
if
occasion
néede
)
to
serue
with
the
3.
the
shot
hauing
conuenient
issues
and
lanes
,
continually
during
the
fight
,
to
discharge
their
péeces
,
which
will
make
an
incredible
spoile
of
the
enimie
,
so
that
vpon
the
charge
of
horsemen
retyring
within
the
squadrons
,
who
ioyning
togither
may
bend
and
crosse
their
pikes
to
receiue
the
shocke
,
and
repulse
them
,
vpon
whose
retyre
,
vnclosing
their
thorowfares
,
lanes
,
and
galleries
againe
,
the
shot
and
musketeares
may
issue
out
vpon
their
backes
,
and
either
follow
with
the
heat
shore
of
their
bullets
,
or
he
imployed
vpon
some
other
enterprises
:
but
these
things
cannot
be
accomplished
without
long
abode
in
warres
&
7.
yeares
seruice
at
the
least
of
an
armie
in
sundrie
hazards
of
fights
and
battailes
.
Therefore
it
is
necessarie
for
the
Sergeant
Maior
,
in
time
of
rest
when
the
enimie
is
absent
,
to
cause
the
bands
to
assemble
,
and
to
put
them
in
sundrie
sorts
of
standing
and
marching
battailes
,
to
reduce
them
sometimes
into
small
squadrons
of
400.
500.
600.
700.
800.
900.
1000.
in
a
battaile
,
more
or
lesse
at
his
pleasure
,
and
to
cause
these
battailes
to
march
forwards
swiftly
or
slowly
,
to
sarrie
,
open
,
shut
,
close
and
disclose
their
squadrons
,
some
times
in
sundrie
battaillons
,
reduce
themselues
vpon
a
sodaine
into
one
maine
square
,
and
from
that
againe
to
haue
passages
&
galleries
for
the
shot
through
diuers
places
of
the
same
,
marching
forwards
and
backward
according
to
the
stroke
of
the
drumme
,
to
stay
and
retyre
in
perfite
measore
,
with
no
lesse
facilitie
then
Gentlemen
dance
their
Measures
by
a
noyse
of
vyolens
,
as
hereafter
ensueth
.
When
the
army
can
perfitely
do
this
,
then
cause
them
sodainly
to
make
any
flacke
or
front
,
or
turne
entirely
togither
,
as
if
it
were
one
bodie
without
breaking
aray
,
for
it
is
a
cunning
point
to
make
a
squadre
to
march
vpon
one
corner
,
maintaining
his
square
forme
.
This
and
such
like
varietie
in
marching
,
brings
the
souldier
to
be
verie
readie
,
so
that
although
he
neuer
saw
the
enimy
in
the
face
,
yet
he
may
be
rather
accounted
a
trained
souldier
,
then
he
which
hath
bene
20
,
yeares
in
seruice
,
and
in
20.
battailes
,
if
this
skil
be
wanting
in
him
,
and
merites
the
name
of
a
raw
souldier
and
Bisognia
.
Note
that
there
is
no
battaile
apt
to
march
but
only
the
square
battaile
or
the
compound
of
squares
,
all
others
as
the
Lunule
,
the
Triangle
,
the
Pentagonall
and
the
Hexagonall
,
the
circular
and
ouall
battailes
,
and
others
which
easily
may
be
inuented
,
neuer
serue
to
any
vse
,
but
onely
in
fixed
and
immoueable
battailes
,
for
presently
and
by
and
by
in
marching
they
disorder
.
Therefore
great
consideration
is
to
be
had
betwixt
a
marching
and
standing
battaile
,
which
kinde
of
immoueable
battailes
,
though
of
themselues
they
are
smally
seruiceable
,
considering
that
in
all
encounters
continuall
motion
is
required
,
it
being
vnpossible
to
train
men
to
that
perfection
,
but
that
in
marching
they
shall
breake
their
aray
,
yet
for
exercise
sake
,
and
for
some
speciall
seruice
,
it
is
most
conuenient
for
the
Sergeant
Maior
,
oftentimes
to
plant
his
souldiers
into
those
fashions
of
imbattelling
,
that
appeare
hereafter
by
figures
:
sodainely
changing
them
from
a
triangle
to
a
square
,
and
from
one
shape
to
another
,
and
thereby
bring
them
into
such
perfection
in
these
lesse
necessarie
and
hard
cunning
toyes
,
that
the
other
plaine
seruiceable
formes
may
séeme
most
plaine
and
easie
.
He
must
beforehand
premeditate
,
as
partly
I
haue
touched
,
and
cast
in
his
minde
in
what
sort
with
most
facilitie
he
may
bring
his
men
to
order
of
battaile
,
committing
to
the
peculiar
Sergeant
of
euery
band
,
the
charge
to
draw
them
forth
in
sléeues
and
maniples
,
and
so
cause
one
to
march
close
vp
by
another
till
al
the
battailes
be
furnished
,
placing
alwaies
the
Ensignes
and
drums
in
the
middle
rankes
of
the
battaile
.
There
néede
no
such
curious
order
to
be
vsed
in
placing
the
shot
in
any
forme
of
battaile
,
but
only
to
put
them
into
certaine
wings
and
flankes
for
the
battailes
,
and
if
he
thinke
good
,
euery
wing
to
be
deuided
into
sundrie
pettie
troopes
,
of
25.
50.
or
100.
men
a
péece
,
and
euerie
of
these
troopes
to
haue
a
leader
,
which
is
either
Corporall
,
Sergeant
,
or
Cauallier
of
Saint
Georges
squadre
:
so
that
to
maintaine
a
skirmish
,
first
one
Corporall
or
leader
marcheth
forth
and
bringeth
to
the
face
of
the
enimie
his
troope
,
who
presently
discharging
retyre
themselues
,
and
in
his
place
another
leader
with
his
companie
presents
himselfe
,
continuing
this
order
of
supply
,
succouring
,
seconding
,
shadowing
and
encreasing
the
skirmish
,
continually
maintaining
the
same
without
any
intermission
,
either
inuading
,
retyring
,
or
in
any
charge
or
enterprise
,
a
requisite
obseruation
for
the
forlorne
hope
.
But
the
place
being
large
,
it
shall
be
requisite
to
present
oftentimes
many
of
these
troopes
at
once
to
the
face
of
the
enimie
,
who
hauing
deliuered
their
volée
of
shot
,
may
if
it
be
thought
good
,
march
about
and
giue
place
to
those
that
shall
supply
their
place
,
&
so
relieue
&
succour
one
another
by
turnes
.
And
this
kind
of
discharging
and
supplying
,
may
in
the
open
field
be
verie
well
maintained
in
the
ring
march
,
as
the
rutters
do
,
so
that
in
whéeling
about
,
the
head
shall
be
sure
alwayes
to
haue
charged
before
the
taile
haue
discharged
:
and
thus
in
a
circular
march
the
skirmish
all
day
shall
continue
.
In
plaine
ground
he
shall
neuer
turne
out
any
shot
to
the
skirmish
,
without
certaine
sléeues
of
pikes
to
gard
them
vpon
the
retraite
from
the
charge
of
horses
,
and
also
troopes
of
short
weapons
,
as
swords
and
targets
,
Halberds
or
such
like
to
backe
them
,
if
at
any
time
they
should
come
to
the
sword
,
or
ioyne
pell mel
with
the
enimie
,
and
such
were
called
of
the
Romaines
vindices
,
but
if
euery
shot
had
likewise
at
his
backe
a
light
leather
or
Uenecian
target
,
to
vse
with
his
sword
when
he
saw
occasion
,
they
would
doe
great
good
seruice
.
Our
English
bowes
for
want
of
shot
and
fornecessitie
,
to
gall
and
disorder
a
troope
of
horsemen
,
drawing
néere
to
them
,
may
●…erue
to
verie
good
purpose
,
but
they
must
be
garded
with
Pikes
or
shadowed
with
shot
&c.
The
Sergeant
Maior
must
likewise
haue
knowledge
in
Arithmetike
,
Algebra
,
&
of
those
proportions
which
are
set
out
by
M.
Digges
in
his
Stratioticos
,
whereby
he
may
sodainely
for
all
forme
of
battailes
,
resolue
how
many
ranks
,
and
how
many
in
a
ranke
,
to
frame
battailes
,
what
number
of
Pikes
,
of
Halberds
,
of
Musket
and
Hargabuse
shot
is
requisite
,
how
manie
maniples
or
sléeues
euerie
battaile
may
be
resolued
into
,
how
many
rankes
of
pikes
in
the
front
,
backe
and
flankes
,
how
many
rankes
of
Halberds
to
gard
the
Ensigne
,
vpon
sight
of
the
ground
to
iudge
whether
it
be
capable
of
such
a
multitude
,
and
what
forme
of
imbattelling
may
best
agrée
vnto
it
,
&c.
When
he
doth
cause
any
squadron
or
battaile
to
turne
his
face
or
front
,
he
must
take
order
that
the
souldiers
turne
onely
their
bodie
and
face
,
but
not
their
armes
and
weapons
,
whose
points
they
ought
to
kéepe
in
their
hands
,
thereby
to
shunne
the
noyse
that
by
linking
and
striking
togither
they
will
make
,
and
to
auoid
confusion
,
which
oftentimes
in
such
cases
doth
fallow
,
since
that
in
this
sort
more
readily
and
with
greater
silence
this
act
is
executed
,
all
the
weapons
remaine
readie
and
fast
in
the
souldiers
hands
:
the
which
order
makes
a
verie
stately
shew
,
and
after
brings
great
commoditie
,
when
they
must
of
new
accommodate
themselues
,
and
make
large
in
the
flanckes
to
march
at
large
.
Let
al
that
which
he
determines
and
appoints
to
be
done
,
be
commanded
and
ordained
from
the
backe
of
the
rankes
and
squadron
,
and
not
from
the
front
or
from
any
other
place
:
for
in
marching
more
attentiuely
,
and
with
lesse
occasion
of
tumult
and
turning
,
those
things
be
better
vnderstood
and
are
more
capable
which
are
spoken
and
proceede
from
behind
the
backe
,
then
from
the
front
and
flankes
,
and
with
greater
facilitie
doth
runne
all
along
the
rankes
,
and
as
they
say
,
according
to
the
word
Passa
Parola
,
aduan●…
the
word
.
The
Sergeant
Maior
,
when
his
squadrons
ariue
at
any
strait
passage
or
bridge
,
or
other
narrow
or
di●…icile
place
that
might
disorder
him
,
must
cause
them
passe
ranke
by
ranke
one
after
another
,
so
that
the
ranke
being
a
little
disseuered
or
broken
,
let
him
frame
the
ranke
a
new
,
&
so
taking
like
order
in
euery
rank
,
he
shal
immediatly
forme
behind
the
strait
and
bridge
in
the
fashion
of
the
first
appointed
squadron
:
and
in
this
●…ort
may
hée
procéed
with
good
consideration
,
with
as
manie
squadrons
&
battailes
as
there
be
.
When
he
giues
a
volée
of
shot
,
or
makes
a
Salua
of
Musket
&
Hargabussers
,
it
is
much
better
for
him
to
begin
at
the
head
,
then
in
any
other
place
,
that
he
may
in
due
order
ranke
by
ranke
cause
one
to
follow
another
,
euen
to
the
backe
and
last
ranke
,
so
that
how
much
more
it
yéelds
a
gallant
&
readie
grace
,
so
much
more
makes
it
shew
that
those
souldiers
be
practised
,
and
argues
the
sufficiencie
of
him
that
guides
them
.
When
nothing
e●…e
of
importance
remains
behind
to
be
done
,
and
that
the
forward
and
maine
battaile
hath
stood
in
squadrons
to
attend
and
receiue
the
reregard
,
le●…
him
,
the
same
being
ari●…ed
,
disband
the
battaile
,
hauing
beforehand
taken
order
with
the
Herbingers
of
the
bands
,
that
euerie
one
guide
the
Alfierus
of
his
owne
companie
to
his
proper
quarter
.
In
disbanding
the
battaile
let
him
guide
the
Ensignes
into
such
a
place
of
aduantage
in
height
,
as
from
thence
all
the
squadron
,
consisting
of
the
vantgard
,
battaile
,
and
Rereward
,
may
with
commoditie
behold
and
sée
them
,
to
the
intent
that
euery
souldier
following
his
proper
Ensigne
,
may
go
therewith
to
his
lodging
and
appointed
quarter
.
The
order
which
is
accustomed
to
bée
obserued
in
assaulting
the
enemie
,
aswell
in
the
day
as
in
the
night
,
I
suppose
it
cannot
expresly
and
particularly
from
point
to
point
bee
declared
,
considering
it
must
bée
conformable
to
the
stratagemes
of
the
Prince
or
Captain
generall
that
gouernes
:
But
I
haue
oftentimes
séene
them
p●…t
in
practise
,
and
resolutely
wrought
with
Incamisados
,
with
assured
and
secreat
rootes
,
and
with
imbuscades
placed
in
a
conuenient
and
apt
couert
,
such
as
growes
to
bée
of
aduantage
to
them
that
lies
in
ambush
,
who
ought
to
attend
the
time
,
to
assault
silently
and
secretely
,
hauing
his
Sentinels
,
vedettes
,
countersignes
and
voices
,
such
as
bée
plaine
,
manifest
&
able
to
bée
vnderstood
,
&
not
double
,
doubtfull
and
obscure
:
The
which
sometimes
with
grea●…
error
and
infinite
losse
,
hath
caused
one
thing
to
bée
taken
for
an
other
.
And
this
is
to
be
done
,
to
the
end
that
with
good
order
&
in
perfect
sort
ech
thing
that
is
hurtfull
to
the
enimie
may
bée
performed
and
put
in
practise
.
Likewise
the
Sergeant
Maior
by
his
office
must
take
●…are
to
prouide
for
the
munition
,
principally
al
sortes
of
armes
and
armour
,
victuals
,
and
other
munition
necessarie
for
his
people
:
Likewise
to
distribute
the
same
,
to
performe
his
office
alwaies
in
the
companie
of
the
Master
of
the
campe
,
or
Marshall
of
the
field
,
in
planting
the
gard
round
about
the
campe
,
and
euer
to
procure
the
watchword
,
with
the
which
the
said
gards
are
to
bée
gouerned
,
and
after
discharged
,
if
such
like
causes
still
procéede
in
gouernment
in
one selfe
order
:
but
because
they
varie
according
to
the
custome
of
him
that
gouernes
principally
,
and
sometimes
as
occasion
●…oth
best
require
,
therefore
I
passe
ouer
the
same
with
silence
,
and
it
is
sufficient
that
at
this
time
I
haue
inferred
,
that
such
like
actions
and
operations
app●…rtain
to
his
office
,
to
the
intent
hée
may
alwaies
remaine
in
a
readines
,
to
accomp●…
them
gallantly
,
and
according
to
the
rules
and
obseruations
,
that
shal
bée
appointed
him
by
his
Prince
.
Hée
must
take
order
that
the
bodies
of
the
watch
or
Corps
d●…gard
,
bée
ful
stoared
with
souldiers
,
according
to
the
proportion
of
their
capacitie
,
and
that
at
the
least
there
hée
as
many
for
euerie
Corps
de
gard
,
as
may
commodiously
supplie
and
maintain
all
the
Sentinels
,
necessary
to
bée
made
during
the
night
,
allotting
at
the
least
one
hower
of
the
clocke
to
euery
Sentinel
,
and
chiefly
in
the
vnseasonable
time
of
winter
,
an
hower
&
a
halfe
,
at
such
time
as
the
season
is
mean
betwixt
two
,
&
two
howers
at
the
most
at
any
other
time
that
is
serene
and
hoat
time
of
the
Summer
:
forséeing
alwaies
the
Corps
de
gard
consist
of
so
manie
souldiers
,
that
they
may
bée
able
,
together
with
the
commodious
situation
of
the
ground
,
by
the
perfect
proportion
and
placing
of
the
Corps
de
gard
,
or
by
meanes
of
the
trenches
or
other
defences
already
made
,
they
may
in
such
sort
sustaine
the
furie
of
any
surprise
at
vnwares
that
the
enimie
is
able
to
come
or
assault
him
withall
.
Those
Commissions
of
any
importance
that
depend
vpon
his
charge
,
and
are
of
other
Officers
to
bée
performed
,
ought
to
bée
committed
to
writing
,
whereof
they
must
haue
a
copie
,
to
the
intent
that
they
bée
made
void
of
vsing
contradictions
,
if
in
case
they
do
not
obey
.
If
there
should
arise
any
error
of
moment
,
by
this
meanes
he
shall
not
be
charged
to
faile
in
his
duetie
,
or
be
occasion
of
such
casualties
.
He
must
take
order
with
the
Sergeants
,
with
ech
Alfierus
,
with
the
Lieutenants
,
with
all
leaders
,
Captaines
and
Collonels
,
to
the
intent
that
al
that
which
is
to
be
done
of
them
may
be
willingly
executed
,
thereby
with
facilitie
to
shun
the
strife
and
emulation
which
oftentimes
doth
arise
amongst
them
,
and
that
euery
one
of
them
may
enioy
that
which
iustly
appertains
vnto
him
.
But
when
for
any
occasion
he
cannot
in
like
causes
orderly
gouerne
them
,
and
that
it
shall
not
be
good
absolutely
to
command
them
,
let
him
then
permit
that
there
may
be
lots
cast
amongst
them
,
and
this
manner
is
to
be
vsed
in
case
of
verie
extraordinarie
seruice
:
which
sorte
of
procéeding
doth
not
diminish
or
plucke
away
any
of
his
aucthoritie
,
since
he
commits
to
chaunce
,
that
which
was
in
his
choyse
expresly
to
commaunde
.
Finally
,
it
is
requisite
for
a
Sergeant
Maior
,
to
be
so
studious
in
theorik
reading
,
practise
and
inuention
,
that
through
his
industrie
he
may
inuent
new
Artificiall
formes
of
Battels
,
squadrons
marching
,
&
such
thinges
as
appertayne
to
this
important
office
.
For
no
man
without
inuention
,
can
be
accounted
excellent
in
his
arte
and
profession
.
Necessarie
practises
set
out
in
proportions
and
figures
,
for
Captaines
,
Collonels
,
and
Sergeant
Maiors
to
vse
in
squadrons
,
battailes
,
and
maine
exploits
in
marching
,
skirmishing
,
retyring
,
rescewing
and
such
like
.
THe
curious
conceits
of
sundrie
ouerweening
warriours
and
superficiall
Captaines
is
such
at
these
dayes
,
as
nothing
can
please
their
fantasie
but
such
as
doth
best
agrée
to
their
own
humours
and
inuentions
,
specially
in
ordering
and
imbattelling
souldiers
:
wherein
euen
as
the
sundrie
vse
of
diuers
nations
at
this
day
do
differ
,
so
do
the
minds
of
many
new
leaders
alter
,
change
,
embrace
,
despise
,
inuent
and
set
downe
manifold
wayes
to
plant
an
armie
in
ranged
battell
in
the
fielde
,
which
I
well
considering
,
haue
thought
good
in
part
to
make
collection
out
of
diuers
Authors
,
Italian
,
Spanish
,
French
,
Latine
and
English
,
and
part
such
as
of
my
owne
experience
I
haue
séene
put
in
practise
of
the
Spaniards
,
and
other
warlike
nations
,
vnder
Don
Iohn
D'austria
and
the
Prince
of
Parma
,
out
of
both
which
Callenders
I
haue
chosen
the
greatest
number
that
séeme
any
thing
to
the
purpose
,
that
thereby
at
leastwise
the
dainty
tasted
monthes
of
our
age
may
light
vpon
some
apt
for
their
digestion
.
But
before
I
wade
into
great
numbers
,
M.
Stewards
formes
shall
serue
my
turne
to
satisfie
the
priuate
Captaines
,
Lieutenants
of
Regiments
,
and
Collonels
,
as
fit
for
their
peculiar
offices
,
and
will
first
begin
with
a
table
of
discouerie
of
all
marches
within
the
compasse
of
1500.
men
.
A
Table
to
discouer
numbers
by
hundreds
,
placed
by
3.
5.
7.
9.
&c.
in
ranke
and
aray
,
assembled
from
one
hundreth
vnto
a
1500.
As
thus
,
marching
3.
in
ranke
,
34.
rankes
containe
102.
men
,
by
which
example
you
may
plainly
perceiue
the
methode
following
,
and
discouer
like
numbers
.
|
Rankes
.
|
Men.
|
3.
in
Ranke
.
|
34
|
is
102
|
67
|
is
201
|
100
|
is
300
|
5.
in
ranke
|
20
|
is
100
|
40
|
is
200
|
60
|
is
300
|
80
|
is
400
|
100
|
is
500
|
7.
in
ranke
.
|
15
|
is
105
|
29
|
is
203
|
43
|
is
301
|
57
|
is
399
|
72
|
is
504
|
86
|
is
600
|
100
|
is
700
|
9.
in
ranke
.
|
11
|
is
99
|
22
|
is
198
|
33
|
is
296
|
45
|
is
405
|
56
|
is
504
|
67
|
is
603
|
78
|
is
702
|
89
|
is
801
|
100
|
is
900
|
11.
in
ranke
.
|
9
|
is
99
|
18
|
is
198
|
27
|
is
297
|
37
|
is
406
|
46
|
is
506
|
56
|
is
616
|
64
|
is
715
|
74
|
is
820
|
81
|
is
897
|
91
|
is
1017
|
100
|
is
1100
|
13.
in
ranke
|
8
|
is
104
|
16
|
is
208
|
2●…
|
is
299
|
31
|
is
404
|
39
|
is
507
|
46
|
is
70●…
|
54
|
is
〈◊〉
|
62
|
is
〈◊〉
|
69
|
is
1014
|
78
|
is
1105
|
8●…
|
is
1196
|
92
|
is
1230
|
100
|
is
1300
|
15.
in
ranke
|
7
|
is
10●…
|
14
|
is
210
|
20
|
is
300
|
27
|
is
404
|
34
|
is
510
|
40
|
is
600
|
47
|
is
707
|
54
|
is
810
|
60
|
is
900
|
67
|
is
1005
|
74
|
is
1110
|
80
|
is
1200
|
87
|
is
1305
|
94
|
is
1410
|
100
|
is
1500
|
An
order
to
imbattell
600.
men
at
the
sodaine
against
horsemen
and
footemen
.
IT
is
appointed
vnto
the
Lieutenant
of
a
Regiment
,
or
vnto
two
or
thrée
Captaines
to
bring
600.
men
to
conuey
,
charge
,
or
do
exploits
,
as
the
commandement
of
the
higher
officers
shall
appoint
them
.
The
Leader
or
Captaines
aduertised
of
straites
,
passages
,
and
situations
of
the
countries
:
also
on
what
part
the
enimies
be
most
like
to
assault
them
,
must
giue
order
vnto
your
officers
to
place
13
▪
in
front
,
as
here
is
set
downe
by
proportion
of
figure
,
your
Ensigne
in
the
midst
with
the
halberds
,
your
shot
placed
in
the
wings
as
appeareth
.
At
such
times
as
the
enimies
shall
assault
you
,
ioyne
both
your
bands
&
become
one
strength
as
the
ground
doth
serue
.
This
order
is
verie
necessarie
to
doe
many
exploits
.
How
the
like
number
may
be
brought
into
the
manner
of
a
hearse
to
defend
horsemen
.
SOmetimes
marching
by
10.
in
rank
,
vpon
the
fight
of
the
enimies
,
diuide
into
two
parts
and
ioyne
their
broad
sides
diuided
tog●…ther
,
&
become
in
one
strength
,
which
bring
thus
placed
,
is
in
length
24
&
in
bredth
10.
Against
horsemen
they
must
pitch
their
pikes
on
the
ground
,
and
crosse
them
,
against
footemen
beare
aboue
hand
.
They
must
sarri●…
close
togither
,
and
not
disseuer
to
follow
or
flie
,
le●…t
their
disorders
make
place
for
the
enimies
to
enter
,
as
by
this
proportion
doth
appeare
.
Somtimes
for
the
saftie
of
your
shot
you
must
receiue
them
within
the
gard
of
your
pikes
.
This
H
signifieth
horsemen
galloping
the
fielde
to
break
vpon
you
,
where
they
may
best
enter
&
most
easily
,
as
by
the
void
space
appeareth
,
the
ouerplus
of
your
shot
to
be
placed
in
4.
wings
without
the
battel
.
This
proportion
to
disseuer
is
verie
perillous
.
How
to
imbattell
900.
souldiers
at
the
sodaine
.
MArching
with
900.
men
,
and
vnderstanding
by
scout
or
spie
that
the
enimie
pretendeth
to
skirmish
with
them
,
or
otherwise
to
ioyne
battel
,
you
may
diuide
your
bands
in
thrée
parts
,
marching
9.
in
a
ranke
,
placing
officers
betwixt
euerie
band
,
that
being
assaulted
may
ioyne
the
Uoward
and
the
Rereward
to
the
middleward
,
so
fall
they
out
to
be
an
hearse
battell
,
placing
your
shot
in
the
wings
that
they
may
the
better
resort
to
the
skirmish
,
likewise
to
retyre
as
occasion
serueth
:
this
is
a
singular
good
order
for
the
obtaining
of
any
grounds
or
doing
of
exploites
.
An
order
how
to
imbattell
900.
men
at
the
sodaine
.
An
order
to
imbattell
the
like
number
in
Quadrant
proportion
.
WHen
battels
are
to
be
made
,
if
the
Sergeant
Maior
should
chance
to
be
absent
,
giue
commandement
vnto
the
Sergeants
of
the
bands
to
bring
their
companies
seuerall
,
and
then
ioyne
your
bands
and
sorted
weapons
the
brode
sides
togither
,
as
your
number
serues
,
your
Captaines
,
drums
and
〈◊〉
,
with
your
Ensigne
placed
in
the
midst
of
the
execution
,
as
well
for
the
saftie
of
the
same
,
as
for
the
comforting
of
the
souldiers
:
neuerthelesse
,
such
order
is
taken
,
that
Lieutenants
and
Sergeants
of
bands
with
other
seruiceable
Gentlemen
of
S.
Georges
squadre
,
be
placed
to
leade
the
Uoward
and
Rereward
of
the
battell
,
where
onsets
be
vncertaine
,
whose
beautifull
Armours
,
pollitike
and
couragious
charge
is
a
great
terrour
to
the
enimie
,
and
a
great
comfort
to
their
owne
companie
:
the
shot
to
be
placed
in
foure
froupes
,
with
two
wings
in
the
Rereward
,
for
that
they
may
easier
maintain
skirmish
round
about
the
battell
,
on
which
side
soeuer
they
be
assaulted
.
An
order
to
imbattell
1200.
men
quadrantly
at
the
sodaine
.
THe
foure
Quarters
ioyned
in
one
,
seeme
to
be
1200.
men
vnder
4.
Ensignes
euerie
way
,
who
at
the
enimies
sight
must
place
13.
in
ranke
,
which
fall
to
be
a
quadrant
euerie
way
,
which
●…odainly
may
ioyne
their
long
weapons
togither
,
making
one
Quadrant
of
the
foure
:
your
drummes
and
fiffes
with
the
Captain
placed
next
to
the
Ensigne
,
the
Lieutenants
in
the
wings
,
and
the
Sergeants
in
the
Uoward
and
Rereward
,
wherby
they
may
the
better
giue
intelligence
by
signe
or
word
what
is
best
to
be
done
,
300.
men
being
shot
in
the
wings
,
and
the
300.
in
Demie
Diamondwise
,
after
the
Almaine
manner
in
the
midst
,
the
which
being
discharged
,
the
musket
and
hargabus
shot
will
greatly
preuaile
.
This
wayes
they
may
march
wholly
togither
,
or
retyre
any
wayes
to
seruice
néedful
,
ready
with
their
shot
to
encounter
the
enimie
any
wayes
in
skirmish
,
either
wing
rescuing
other
,
as
néede
shall
require
.
And
although
the
Sergeants
maior
appointeth
order
for
the
same
,
yet
the
Sergeants
of
euery
band
hauing
experience
,
onely
ruleth
and
giueth
order
to
their
owne
charge
,
and
appoint
and
place
such
in
the
fronts
,
Rereward
and
wings
,
as
to
them
séeme
most
conuenient
.
This
proportion
is
after
the
Almaine
manner
of
imbattelling
,
much
like
vnto
the
order
of
the
Romaines
:
who
deuided
their
Legions
into
diuers
Cohorts
,
to
this
intent
,
that
when
the
fronts
were
wearied
,
the
Mainward
and
Rereward
succéeded
,
which
the
late
experience
of
the
Frenchmen
hath
tried
,
that
the
deuiding
of
the
battell
into
many
bands
,
so
that
they
haue
pikes
sufficient
to
impale
the
Halberds
or
Bils
,
and
to
euerie
Band
their
number
of
shot
and
Horse
,
is
more
auaileable
then
any
battel
being
made
of
a
whole
bodie
,
or
as
the
Gréeks
tearme
it
,
a
Phalange
:
for
they
are
to
be
drawne
out
in
length
or
bredth
as
the
ground
or
occasion
serueth
,
to
charge
and
encounter
the
enimie
placed
in
one
battell
,
vpon
euery
quarter
to
their
detriment
,
and
ouerthrowing
of
any
so
placed
,
being
of
sufficient
strength
for
defence
of
horse
:
and
though
the
first
or
second
,
or
third
should
be
ouerthrowne
,
yet
be
rest
kéeping
their
order
are
to
succéede
.
Whereas
the
battell
being
one
,
after
the
frontes
be
ouerthrowne
,
the
Rereward
is
readie
to
run
,
the
which
being
disordered
,
can
hardly
recouer
to
place
them
in
order
againe
.
An
order
to
imbattell
a
Collonels
charge
.
COllonels
and
Chieftaines
,
who
oftentimes
according
to
their
experience
and
worthinesse
of
seruice
,
haue
the
charge
and
leading
of
1500.
men
more
or
lesse
,
to
whom
is
committed
diuers
sundrie
exploits
and
points
of
seruice
in
the
fielde
,
whereof
they
discrie
any
multitude
of
horsemen
,
pretending
for
to
charge
them
,
and
to
enuiron
your
battel
,
hauing
no
waghon
,
borough
,
or
pale
of
carriages
,
water
,
hedge
,
ditch
,
or
other
succours
,
but
only
the
strength
of
their
manual
weapons
,
&
pollicy
of
defence
vpon
the
sight
of
the
enimies
,
must
cast
in
this
sort
the
Uoward
&
Rereward
to
become
one
strength
,
&
to
serue
and
sarrie
close
togither
,
to
couch
,
to
crosse
and
defend
,
as
by
this
order
may
appeare
.
The
thrée
vtmost
rankes
must
consist
of
faire
armed
and
skilfull
Gentlemen
,
and
Caualliers
and
others
,
pitching
their
pikes
on
the
ground
,
couching
&
crossing
them
,
the
two
rankes
next
giuing
the
push
at
the
length
of
the
pikes
,
the
shot
placed
within
the
pikes
for
safegard
,
stand
readie
to
shoote
&
charge
stil
in
their
places
.
This
order
to
encounter
with
footemen
,
if
it
be
possible
,
will
recouer
the
aduantage
of
wind
,
hil
,
and
full
,
in
good
order
,
on
the
one
side
of
the
hill
,
to
ioyne
in
fight
,
where
God
giueth
the
victorie
before
these
same
encounters
.
An
excellent
order
to
repulse
horsemen
.
Reuiue
your
souldiers
with
meat
,
drinke
,
and
good
counsell
,
and
with
comfortable
words
,
to
animate
and
encourage
them
withall
.
How
to
imbattell
1500.
men
in
quadrant
proportion
.
AS
before
I
haue
set
forth
the
order
or
imbattelling
of
1500.
men
in
two
fold
wise
,
the
which
in
some
ground
is
much
auaileable
,
for
that
it
occupieth
more
hands
then
the
iust
square
in
fight
at
one
instant
,
notwithstanding
such
must
be
assured
that
the
enimie
can
approch
but
one
way
,
which
else
may
be
preiudiciall
,
therefore
in
the
plaine
field
,
the
iust
square
or
quadrant
is
the
strongest
order
that
may
be
:
neuertheles
it
is
conuenient
that
at
such
times
as
you
purpose
to
ioyne
battel
with
the
enimie
,
hauing
Ordinance
and
other
carriage
,
to
place
the
same
on
the
wings
and
Rereward
,
thereby
to
impale
the
squadron
to
the
intent
the
enimie
enter
not
but
in
the
fronts
.
Also
the
expert
Captaines
must
foresée
to
obtaine
hill
,
wind
,
sun
,
or
any
other
aduantage
,
the
which
diuers
wayes
greatly
profiteth
.
If
your
battell
be
assaulted
with
horsemen
and
lances
,
then
couch
and
crosse
your
pikes
,
as
appeares
in
the
last
figure
,
&
against
footemen
sarrie
close
,
trailing
your
pikes
vntill
the
encounter
,
and
then
to
offer
the
push
till
repulse
be
giuen
,
and
God
giue
victorie
.
In
the
fronts
you
must
place
your
best
armed
and
most
valiant
men
,
as
well
to
encourage
the
rest
,
as
to
be
a
terrour
to
the
enimies
,
your
shot
to
be
placed
in
the
wings
and
rereward
,
for
being
placed
in
the
fronts
,
they
cannot
well
retyre
,
but
vpon
their
owne
pikes
,
or
else
vpon
the
shot
in
the
wings
.
To
bring
1500.
men
to
this
proportion
,
you
must
place
sixe
rankes
of
pikes
59.
in
ranke
euerie
wayes
,
which
comes
to
500.
and
12.
the
shot
to
be
placed
in
4.
troups
in
the
wings
10.
in
ranke
,
which
is
400.
And
300.
ten
in
ranke
,
and
29.
in
bredth
in
the
Rereward
,
the
which
are
to
succéed
the
other
troupes
after
they
haue
discharged
,
the
50.
shot
and
48.
pikes
are
to
be
placed
about
the
Artillarie
,
or
otherwise
at
the
discretion
of
the
Collonell
,
the
Captaines
and
Lieutenants
with
the
Sergeants
to
be
placed
about
the
battell
,
to
giue
order
as
may
best
preuaile
:
The
Chieftaine
&
Collonel
to
be
placed
within
the
battell
,
as
appeareth
in
this
figure
.
The
Characters
to
be
vsed
in
proportions
of
greater
Squadrons
.
BUt
to
touch
more
at
large
greater
numbers
,
both
how
they
are
ranged
and
battelled
,
wherein
the
Sergeant
Maior
generall
of
an
armie
is
called
to
vse
his
office
,
I
do
here
according
to
my
promise
set
downe
sundrie
proportions
of
diuers
kinds
,
for
the
better
vnderstanding
whereof
,
it
is
requisite
to
carrie
in
minde
the
signification
of
these
Characters
.
These
Characters
-
S
Signifie
Shot
.
-
☌
or
this
P
Signifie
Pikes
.
-
✚
or
this
H
Signifie
Halberds
.
-
E
Signifie
Ensignes
.
-
□
Signifie
Launces
.
-
▵
Signifie
Light
horsemen
.
-
*
Signifie
Argoletteares
.
A
Quadrant
or
twofold
battell
of
2000.
men
.
THe
form
of
this
battel
following
which
represents
a
quadrant
,
hath
bene
often
vsed
as
very
profitable
of
many
Italians
,
wel
experienced
&
of
great
authoritie
in
the
field
:
it
is
as
it
doth
appeare
,
flanked
&
enuironed
with
two
great
bodies
or
sléeues
of
Hargabusiers
,
the
which
containe
in
number
for
ech
flank
380.
men
,
&
in
the
Uoward
100.
and
in
the
Rereward
140.
which
shot
are
to
be
carried
about
the
battel
very
commodiously
for
seruice
,
and
as
they
shall
séeme
otherwise
to
be
imployed
by
the
Sergeant
Maior
.
In
the
bodie
of
the
battell
are
800.
pikes
,
200.
Halberds
or
Bils
,
and
ten
Ensignes
,
hauing
to
euery
Ensigne
200.
men
,
the
which
to
be
brought
to
this
forme
,
you
must
place
45.
in
rank
for
the
breadth
,
and
22.
in
ranke
for
the
length
.
The
Captaines
,
Lieutenants
and
Sergeants
,
as
appeareth
by
this
figure
in
the
heart
of
the
battel
,
&
although
this
manner
or
forme
giueth
scope
to
mooue
which
way
they
list
,
yet
I
hold
it
best
not
to
suffer
them
to
stir
much
:
and
the
litle
mouing
which
is
to
be
granted
to
them
,
must
not
be
ouer
hastie
but
in
pace
,
●…loe
,
sober
&
well
measured
,
vnlesse
he
hath
to
set
againe
the
like
battel
of
the
enimie
,
for
then
the
last
rankes
must
be
somewhat
quicker
in
stirring
.
And
to
bring
tenne
thousand
or
twentie
thousand
to
this
order
readily
,
they
must
in
setting
forward
,
march
with
maniples
,
well
seuered
and
deuided
,
hauing
a
Sergeant
,
Lieutenant
or
Cauallier
at
the
head
and
backe
,
the
better
to
discerne
them
one
from
another
.
This
manner
,
as
I
haue
alreadie
touched
,
is
verie
easie
:
So
that
placing
them
in
length
doubling
their
ranks
,
it
brings
them
likewise
to
a
verie
formall
order
of
battell
,
as
I
haue
sufficiently
touched
beforehand
.
A
Battell
in
forme
of
a
crosse
,
verie
necessarie
to
be
vsed
,
as
well
in
the
night
as
by
day
,
because
all
the
weapons
are
deuided
by
themselues
.
THis
battell
following
in
forme
of
a
full
Crosse
,
consisteth
of
10.
Ensignes
,
euerie
Ensigne
hauing
vnder
it
two
hundreth
souldiers
,
so
that
the
whole
number
containeth
2000.
men
.
It
hath
4.
fronts
or
faces
,
whereof
euerie
one
is
accompanied
with
hargabusiers
,
which
may
in
time
of
necessitie
be
couered
&
defended
by
the
armed
pikes
,
so
that
the
formost
rankes
be
moued
forwards
all
alongst
the
flankes
&
sides
of
the
shot
.
This
forme
hath
bene
vsed
of
Spaniards
and
Italians
.
It
is
a
gallant
battell
,
and
of
force
sufficient
to
resist
the
enimie
in
open
fielde
,
although
they
should
set
vpon
you
at
vnwares
,
&
besides
superior
both
against
horsemen
and
footemen
,
the
hargabusiers
are
1000.
the
which
are
the
halfe
of
the
number
.
These
hargabusiers
being
deuided
into
4.
parts
,
must
be
in
euerie
flanke
200.
placing
14
in
ranke
euery
way
,
the
halberds
and
Ensignes
placed
in
the
midst
of
the
crosse
,
are
200.
and
the
whole
number
of
pikes
are
800.
the
which
are
to
be
placed
on
euerie
quarter
of
the
halberds
200.
placing
14.
euery
way
,
which
make
a
iust
quadrant
of
people
,
so
that
there
remaine
to
be
placed
by
the
Sergeant
maior
16.
pikes
,
4.
halberds
and
200.
shot
.
This
rule
may
serue
in
proportion
for
any
number
being
verie
excellent
for
the
night
,
because
ech
weapon
being
deuided
by
themselues
,
may
be
readie
at
the
sodaine
for
any
seruice
,
either
to
giue
battell
,
or
for
defence
of
the
Campe
,
the
horsemen
and
the
field
péeces
to
be
placed
as
shall
séeme
best
by
the
Chieftaines
or
the
Sergeant
Maior
.
The
bodie
of
a
battell
to
be
made
in
the
night
.
THe
proportion
of
this
Cressant
or
Moone
,
is
very
conuenient
and
fit
to
be
executed
in
the
night
,
there
being
a
round
ring
drawne
with
a
cord
and
a
stake
,
so
that
the
Sergeant
Maior
according
to
my
description
in
his
office
,
may
place
the
companies
that
come
to
him
,
and
from
hand
to
hand
part
them
into
seuerall
companies
,
according
to
this
proportion
:
for
this
forme
doth
require
that
it
be
done
with
expedition
,
and
it
is
no
great
labour
to
deuide
the
weapons
without
confusion
,
either
to
march
or
otherwise
to
vse
themselues
seuerally
from
the
rest
,
in
great
or
small
companies
as
shal
be
néedful
:
for
that
euerie
weapon
doth
stand
at
his
owne
defence
by
it selfe
,
the
general
artillerie
,
Ensignes
&
short
weapons
being
safely
enuironed
with
the
armed
pikes
,
which
may
vpon
the
sodain
by
the
Sergeant
maior
,
or
the
Corporals
of
the
fielde
,
be
brought
to
any
other
forme
of
battell
.
Also
the
Sergeant
generall
may
place
the
Hargabusiers
in
so
manie
companies
,
and
so
many
formes
,
and
so
farre
distant
one
from
an
other
,
as
the
situation
of
the
place
or
the
seruice
then
present
doth
require
,
to
the
intent
that
the
maine
bodie
of
the
battell
may
be
flanked
and
defended
.
But
for
that
I
haue
more
largely
touched
this
in
the
Sergeant
maiors
office
,
I
referre
the
Reader
to
the
same
:
aduertising
him
withall
,
that
all
squadrons
and
battels
in
the
night
,
must
haue
euerie
sort
of
weapons
seueral
by
themselues
,
whereby
confusion
may
both
be
auoided
,
and
the
troupes
of
souldiers
remaine
readie
,
when
they
shall
be
called
forth
to
execute
any
seruice
,
what
necessitie
or
sodaine
assault
soeuer
befall
.
Prouided
alwayes
that
good
watch
&
scout
be
kept
on
horsebacke
and
on
soote
,
as
néere
the
enimie
as
is
possible
,
by
whose
aduertisements
you
may
know
what
is
best
to
be
accomplished
.
The
order
of
imbattelling
before
the
fight
.
THe
Oration
being
made
by
the
Generall
,
and
prayers
finished
to
the
immortal
God
,
it
is
requisite
that
thou
haue
care
to
bring
forth
thy
army
to
the
field
with
bright
&
shining
armour
,
which
easily
may
be
done
,
by
giuing
charge
in
time
to
the
Captaines
,
and
so
to
the
officers
,
that
their
burgonets
,
〈◊〉
,
caléeuers
,
halberds
,
swords
,
&
euerie
other
péece
of
〈◊〉
be
made
cleane
&
bright
,
forasmuch
as
the
cleannes
and
brightnes
of
the
weapons
,
maketh
the
armie
séeme
terrible
,
and
putteth
feare
&
trauel
in
the
minds
of
the
enimies
.
Then
cal
forth
thy
bands
,
the
which
béeing
set
in
araie
,
the
Generall
béeing
expert
,
hauing
seene
the
preparation
of
the
enimies
,
giueth
in
charge
to
the
Sergeant
maior
and
the
principall
Corporalles
to
accommodate
and
ordaine
his
Souldiers
in
battaile
according
to
the
armie
,
the
men
,
and
the
manners
of
them
.
And
if
the
enimie
bee
more
puissent
of
Horsmen
:
thou
hauing
the
commoditie
,
choose
thée
straight
and
difficult
places
,
or
at
the
foote
of
mountaines
and
where
the
horse
cannot
easilie
serue
.
If
in
footemen
he
excéedeth
,
then
it
is
requisite
to
get
the
hilles
and
places
of
aduantage
,
as
the
Sunne
and
winde
,
&c.
and
that
with
diligence
to
choose
such
fit
places
,
which
either
be
néere
Rockes
or
Riuers
:
and
aboue
all
things
,
where
thou
maist
put
in
araie
thy
battailes
,
and
by
the
qualitie
of
thy
place
be
able
to
let
thy
enimies
,
that
they
neither
compasse
thée
about
nor
inclose
thée
,
the
which
requires
not
onely
the
counsaile
and
prudence
of
a
wise
Captaine
,
but
the
counsaile
of
the
most
expert
in
the
Campe
:
because
oftentimes
an
Armie
hapneth
vpon
such
places
.
And
notwithstanding
the
Captaine
is
ignorant
how
to
choose
such
situation
of
ground
as
is
best
for
him
,
but
of
those
that
are
present
it
is
good
to
choose
the
best
,
and
to
foresée
which
may
be
most
profitable
,
is
surely
a
signe
of
a
wise
Captaine
:
Caius
Sulpitius
,
to
feare
his
enimies
got
a
great
manie
of
Mules
and
other
beasts
vnprofitable
for
the
warres
,
causing
a
great
number
of
sackes
to
be
gotten
,
which
were
so
ordered
vpon
the
backes
of
the
beasts
as
they
séemed
men
at
armes
,
giuing
in
charge
whiles
hee
was
a
fighting
they
should
appeare
vpon
a
hill
,
whereby
grew
his
victorie
against
the
Frenchmen
.
The
Spaniards
to
ouercome
Amilcar
,
set
in
the
fronts
of
their
battels
,
Cartes
full
of
Towe
,
drawne
with
Oxen
,
that
béeing
ready
for
the
encounter
,
they
set
it
on
fire
,
causing
the
Oxen
vehemently
to
thrust
forwards
into
the
armie
of
the
enimie
,
deuiding
the
same
.
Thy
number
small
,
and
the
fields
large
and
open
,
it
is
good
to
make
ditches
,
the
which
being
filled
with
boughes
,
and
slightly
couered
with
earth
,
leauing
voide
spaces
for
thy
horse
and
shot
to
procure
skirmish
,
the
which
being
of
the
enimie
encountered
may
faine
a
running
awaie
,
and
béeing
prosecuted
by
the
enemie
,
shall
bee
ouerthrowne
in
the
ditches
,
where
they
are
easilie
slaine
,
manie
such
notable
deuises
by
wise
Captaines
hath
béene
practised
,
the
which
vpon
the
suddaine
put
in
vse
,
will
greatly
profit
.
Thy
Battels
being
made
and
set
in
order
,
it
is
requisite
that
thou
leaue
the
warde
within
the
trenches
of
the
Campe
for
the
defence
of
thy
lodgings
,
munition
,
and
carriages
,
least
the
enimie
vnderstanding
the
place
to
be
left
voide
,
sende
his
Souldiers
to
take
the
Campe
,
and
so
to
spoile
all
:
vpon
occasion
some
Captaines
will
destroie
their
owne
lodgings
,
or
els
passe
riuers
,
or
leaue
behinde
them
hils
and
déepe
places
,
to
the
ende
that
the
Souldiers
standing
constantly
,
may
ouercome
the
aduersarie
and
obtaine
the
victorie
,
or
otherwise
altogether
to
perish
,
for
that
if
they
should
thinke
to
saue
themselues
by
running
away
,
they
shall
sée
by
all
manner
of
meanes
taken
from
the
possibilitie
to
escape
.
Nowe
béeing
come
to
ioyne
battaile
with
thy
enimie
,
cause
thy
Souldiers
somewhat
before
,
to
flourishe
oft
their
naked
Swordes
and
Halberds
against
the
Sunne
,
for
that
the
glistering
of
the
weapons
,
and
their
shining
pointes
,
through
the
brightnesse
nowe
of
the
one
and
nowe
of
the
other
,
against
the
resplendant
Beames
of
the
Sunne
,
dooth
shew
a
certaine
horrible
terrour
of
warre
,
the
which
will
strike
a
dread
and
feare
into
the
mindes
of
the
enemies
.
Likewise
it
is
sometimes
requisite
that
thy
battailes
goe
forwardes
with
rumours
and
showtings
,
sometimes
running
with
violence
,
forasmuch
as
the
semblaunce
of
such
thinges
with
the
noise
of
Trumpets
,
Drummes
,
and
great
Ordinance
,
woonderfully
troubleth
and
feareth
the
heartes
of
the
aduersaries
:
also
it
is
great
wisedome
in
a
Captaine
,
not
with
desire
to
bée
drawne
to
bée
the
first
to
giue
the
onset
,
but
to
staie
thée
néere
thy
trench
till
thou
hast
viewed
thy selfe
and
the
Rendies
of
the
enemies
:
that
is
,
howe
manie
battailes
,
howe
they
are
placed
,
of
what
condition
,
and
where
they
are
disposed
to
fight
,
for
after
this
manner
thou
maist
more
commodiouslie
sée
to
thine
affaires
:
considering
which
of
thine
thou
hast
to
sette
against
those
of
thy
enimies
,
and
in
what
manner
thy
men
are
to
bée
ordeined
and
placed
,
dooing
in
like
sort
to
a
good
Physition
,
the
which
considering
first
the
infirmitie
,
and
knowing
the
cause
,
commeth
afterwards
to
giue
remedie
,
therefore
ordeine
thy
men
so
as
may
turne
most
vtilitie
to
thy
businesse
.
The
manner
of
ordering
of
battels
lately
vsed
,
I
cannot
greatly
command
,
for
the
armie
being
20.
30
or
40.
thousand
,
they
are
deuided
but
into
3.
battels
,
whereby
ensueth
many
perils
and
discommodities
,
because
the
Pike
being
but
fiue
yards
thrée
quarters
long
,
euerie
man
occupying
a
yard
and
halfe
a
quarter
of
pike
,
can
occupie
but
foure
or
fiue
rankes
at
the
most
,
so
that
the
rest
are
superfluous
and
lost
:
besides
,
they
are
easily
to
bée
compassed
and
to
be
charged
on
euerie
side
:
wherefore
I
haue
set
downe
an
order
of
one
of
the
battels
in
figure
,
according
to
my
opinion
,
the
which
if
it
may
turne
profite
to
my
countrie
I
would
be
most
glad
.
The
occasion
of
the
prosperous
successe
of
the
Romaines
,
was
onely
through
their
good
orders
,
by
diuiding
their
Legions
into
cohorts
,
the
which
were
bands
of
400.
and
50.
the
50.
were
shot
,
the
400.
were
armed
,
their
weapons
,
pikes
,
swords
and
targets
,
the
which
were
placed
in
quadrant
manner
,
20.
euerie
wayes
,
being
10.
battels
in
front
,
leauing
a
certaine
space
betwéene
euerie
battell
for
their
retrait
vpon
occasion
vnto
the
next
order
,
which
were
but
sixe
battels
,
and
the
rereward
foure
battels
,
all
in
like
number
,
kéeping
one
bredth
,
the
voward
were
called
Hastatie
,
their
battels
thicke
and
close
,
the
Maineward
were
called
Principie
,
who
had
such
space
betwéene
their
rankes
as
they
might
receiue
the
Hastatie
:
the
rereward
were
called
Triarij
,
whose
spaces
betwéene
their
rankes
were
such
,
as
they
might
receiue
the
Principie
and
Hastatie
,
on
the
wings
were
placed
seauen
rankes
of
Pikes
of
strangers
,
which
did
distend
in
length
from
the
voward
to
the
rereward
:
through
these
good
orders
they
became
conquerours
of
many
countries
.
Now
because
of
the
diuersitie
of
the
weapons
,
hauing
20000.
footemen
,
I
would
deuide
them
into
tenne
battels
,
to
euerie
one
of
the
battels
shall
be
according
to
my
proportion
set
downe
1000.
shot
,
800.
pikes
,
and
200.
Billes
,
the
which
placed
in
twofold
wise
,
according
to
my
proportion
set
downe
in
figure
,
will
be
in
bredth
45.
and
in
length
22.
and
ten
ouerplus
,
the
which
are
to
be
placed
at
the
discretion
of
the
Sergeant
Maior
,
the
shot
placed
in
the
wings
and
rereward
in
maniples
for
the
readier
seruice
,
who
must
be
placed
a
good
distance
from
thy
battel
,
thy
men
at
armes
vpon
the
wings
of
the
shot
,
thy
Lances
as
two
hornes
in
the
front
of
the
battell
,
the
light
horse
in
the
fronts
of
thy
Lances
,
the
hargulaters
in
the
fronts
of
thy
light
horse
,
who
with
the
pistoleters
are
the
first
that
begins
the
battel
:
thy
great
ordinance
to
be
placed
in
the
fronts
of
the
battels
,
or
in
such
conuenient
place
as
may
most
terrifie
the
enimie
:
there
would
be
appointed
certaine
troupes
of
Lances
,
whose
guidons
would
be
contrary
to
the
rest
,
the
which
the
Germaine
cals
their
Forlorne
hope
,
the
French
Infants
perdus
,
who
must
at
such
time
and
instant
as
shall
be
thought
good
by
the
General
,
giue
the
charge
vpon
the
enimies
battels
,
whatsoeuer
shall
happen
:
who
are
for
the
same
to
receiue
double
pay
.
The
second
battell
not
to
be
placed
in
the
front
with
the
first
battell
,
as
the
Romaines
did
,
but
in
the
rereward
of
the
first
so
far
wide
and
with
such
distance
,
as
the
horsemen
and
shot
a
foote
giuing
the
first
charge
may
retire
themselues
without
disturbance
to
the
battels
,
hauing
thy
shot
placed
as
in
the
voward
with
the
lances
and
shot
on
horsebacke
:
the
third
battell
to
be
placed
in
the
rereward
of
the
second
,
with
like
distance
with
shot
and
horse
:
and
so
to
the
fourth
,
fift
,
and
the
tenth
,
in
the
rereward
of
the
which
,
if
occasion
require
,
thou
maist
as
in
the
rereward
of
the
battell
,
place
for
the
defence
certaine
of
thy
carriages
.
Thy
battels
being
thus
ordered
,
thou
shalt
be
sure
no
wayes
to
be
compassed
by
the
enimies
,
whereas
thou
maist
easily
compasse
in
him
,
not
ordered
in
the
like
manner
,
and
thy
battels
being
but
little
,
yet
as
strong
as
the
greater
,
being
strongly
fortified
euerie
way
with
pikes
,
and
when
a
signe
is
giuen
,
your
hargolateares
,
pistolateares
and
lances
,
may
at
the
sodaine
be
with
the
formost
,
or
readie
for
any
other
place
of
seruice
.
Also
your
second
battell
may
ioyne
with
the
first
,
and
the
third
with
the
second
,
and
so
to
strengthen
your
battels
at
pleasure
,
as
otherwise
two
or
thrée
of
thy
battels
to
giue
the
charge
to
one
of
his
battels
,
and
if
it
should
so
happen
that
thy
first
and
second
battels
should
be
ouerthrowne
,
thy
battel
placed
in
this
order
,
thou
maist
retire
thy selfe
and
leaue
of
the
field
,
maugre
the
head
of
thy
enimie
,
who
in
prosecuting
thée
,
disorder
themselues
,
as
many
times
happens
,
may
be
easily
conquered
,
vsing
thy
battels
in
this
order
,
I
hold
to
be
of
greatest
force
and
most
auailable
.
THese
4.
foresaid
battels
were
taken
by
M.
T.
Steward
out
of
his
second
booke
,
Captaine
Francesco
Ferretti
della
Osseruan●…a
Militare
,
out
of
whom
he
hath
likewise
borrowed
the
greatest
part
of
his
Pathway
to
Militarie
Discipline
,
wherein
he
hath
followed
the
steppes
of
Leonard
and
Thomas
Digges
Gentlemen
,
in
their
Stratioticos
,
for
the
which
they
merite
great
commendations
,
by
the
benefite
our
country
may
reap
by
their
trauels
.
But
neuerthelesse
,
because
I
will
not
attribute
that
vnto
my selfe
,
which
is
none
of
my
owne
,
I
haue
thought
good
to
deale
more
directly
,
and
not
to
reape
the
fruites
of
other
mens
toyles
,
and
therefore
in
following
my
determination
in
setting
downe
diuers
battels
,
this
battell
following
I
borrow
out
of
M.
Digges
his
Stratioticos
.
The
proportion
of
a
battell
out
of
M.
Digges
Strat●…oticos
.
MAster
Digges
in
his
third
booke
,
intituled
Stratioticos
,
hath
imbattelled
an
army
of
30000.
footmen
and
6000.
horsemen
▪
which
h●…
for
an
excellent
forme
of
imbattelling
figures
thus
.
First
as
you
may
behold
,
he
hath
diuided
the
Armie
into
two
Fronts
or
faces
,
&
hath
separated
them
into
8.
battaillons
,
euery
of
them
hauing
30.
in
a
ranke
,
and
33.
rankes
:
They
are
armed
in
the
front
with
7.
ranks
of
pikes
,
all
the
rest
of
the
short
weapons
,
as
swords
and
targets
,
halberds
,
billes
,
or
such
like
.
Euery
battaillon
containeth
1000.
men
lacking
10.
and
are
placed
3.
or
●…
.
paces
one
from
another
.
The
second
front
is
diuided
into
fiue
great
battaillons
,
euerie
one
of
them
being
of
2000.
men
,
40.
in
ranke
,
and
50.
rankes
:
euerie
battaillon
armed
in
the
front
with
6.
rankes
of
pikes
▪
These
battaillons
ought
to
be
one
from
another
at
the
least
25
▪
paces
,
&
the
one
front
of
battels
from
the
other
at
least
60.
paces
:
in
or
nigh
the
middle
battaillon
of
this
second
front
shal
be
the
Generall
himselfe
,
when
he
séeth
time
.
These
battaillons
are
impaled
on
either
side
with
100.
ranks
of
pikes
7.
in
a
ranke
,
and
on
the
backe
with
6.
rankes
of
pikes
:
without
these
hath
he
placed
the
shot
in
24.
troups
,
euery
troup
containing
100.
There
is
also
the
forlorne
hope
before
the
face
of
the
battell
:
likewise
18.
troupes
of
shot
100.
a
péece
,
who
after
they
come
to
the
face
of
the
enimie
,
disband
and
maintaine
s●…ir
▪
mish
.
Last
of
al
the
wings
of
horsemen
which
M.
Digges
hath
placed
in
a
preposterous
order
,
by
placing
the
Argolat●…ares
last
,
but
I
both
altering
their
course
&
names
,
say
that
two
of
the
first
are
Argolateares
50.
in
a
ranke
,
25.
rankes
:
the
second
light
horsemen
,
30.
in
a
ranke
,
33.
rankes
,
and
the
last
Demie
lances
30.
in
a
ranke
25.
ranks
.
Thus
there
is
in
the
first
front
of
pikes
1680
In
the
second
front
1200.
In
the
impalement
3800.
These
in
all
amount
to
6680
so
is
there
left
320.
pikes
to
be
imployed
in
loose
fléeues
to
accompanie
such
th●…t
&
short
weapon
,
as
shal
remaine
for
the
gard
of
the
Ordinance
.
Likewise
in
the
first
front
there
are
of
short
weapons
6240.
in
the
second
front
8800.
so
there
do
remaine
960.
short
weapons
to
be
imployed
togither
with
the
remnant
of
the
pikes
for
gard
of
the
Artillerie
or
carriages
,
or
else
to
mingle
with
the
shot
in
the
forlorne
hope
,
the
which
when
they
shall
grow
to
pell mell
with
the
enimie
,
will
do
great
seruice
.
Also
after
the
battels
approch
,
they
may
retire
with
the
forlor●…e
hope
to
assist
their
horsemen
.
The
shot
you
may
behold
sorted
in
troupes
1800.
in
the
front
and
in
either
wing
2400.
so
doe
there
remaine
400.
shot
more
to
ioyne
with
the
pikes
and
short
weapons
extraordinarie
in
any
seruice
.
Thus
after
the
great
Ordinance
on
either
side
haue
discharged
,
the
Forlorne
hope
is
continually
to
be
supplied
with
new
troupes
of
shot
from
the
flankes
and
wings
,
and
these
troupes
of
the
Forlorne
hope
that
haue
discharged
,
should
retire
betwéene
the
battaile
and
the
troopes
of
horse
to
the
backe
of
the
wings
,
so
maintaining
the
flanckes
alwaies
furnished
:
and
thus
skirmish
may
continually
be
maintained
with
fresh
men
,
&
the
battell
alwaies
impaled
.
But
after
the
battell
begins
to
approch
,
the
forlorne
hope
must
withdrawe
themselues
:
then
is
your
first
battell
strongly
fronted
,
and
impaled
with
pikes
to
abide
any
charge
of
horsemen
,
and
after
their
pikes
are
broken
,
are
together
with
the
rest
of
the
short
weapon
,
to
deale
with
the
enemie
,
and
during
the
continuance
of
the
fight
,
betwéen
these
battailons
the
shot
may
continually
discharge
in
the
face
of
the
enemie
.
Likewise
there
may
be
certaine
small
carriages
,
some
laden
with
muskets
,
some
with
Calabashes
,
others
with
murdering
fire
balles
:
and
these
cariages
may
during
the
battell
continually
spoile
the
enemies
front
,
being
safely
garded
betwéen
the
battaillons
:
but
if
fortune
should
abandon
them
in
the
first
encounter
,
and
that
they
be
broken
by
the
enemies
,
yet
haue
they
those
ample
spaces
betwéene
the
battaillons
of
the
second
front
to
retire
vnto
,
there
to
make
head
,
and
giue
the
enemie
battell
againe
.
And
these
spaces
or
lanes
betwéene
the
battaillons
,
serue
not
onely
to
receiue
the
skirmishers
or
other
that
shall
retyre
,
but
also
for
the
messengers
,
which
among
the
Romans
were
called
M●…ndatores
,
to
passe
to
and
fro
,
and
to
signifie
vnto
all
parts
from
time
to
time
the
Generals
pleasure
.
The
Argolateares
are
to
gallop
the
field
and
scale
the
side
of
a
squadron
,
the
light
horsemen
to
charge
vpon
the
skirmishers
,
and
the
lances
to
breake
vpon
the
scaled
battel
,
and
one
to
helpe
an
others
course
,
as
néed
dooth
require
.
Thus
farre
M.
Digges
prefers
this
battell
,
which
he
would
haue
vsed
when
no
aduantage
is
gained
by
the
nature
of
the
place
,
but
that
the
Generall
must
trust
to
the
strength
of
his
good
order
,
wherein
hee
dooth
wish
such
perfection
in
ou●…
souldiorie
,
as
was
in
the
Romane
,
that
they
might
be
able
to
fight
and
retire
in
order
,
and
so
make
many
sundry
heads
vpon
the
enemie
,
if
fortune
did
abandon
them
in
the
first
or
second
encounter
:
the
which
is
farre
better
,
in
respect
of
our
common
brute
maine
battel
,
or
3
battailes
in
one
front
,
committing
the
whole
field
to
one
brunt
of
seruice
,
which
is
a
barbarous
order
,
therefore
it
were
good
the
soldiours
of
our
time
did
applye
,
practise
,
and
reforme
diuers
errors
.
The
figure
of
a
Battell
out
of
Monsieur
de
Bellay
his
instructions
in
the
Arte
of
warre
.
MOnsieur
de
Bellay
in
his
first
booke
of
Militarie
discipline
,
sets
downe
this
proportion
of
a
battell
.
This
battell
euen
as
the
other
before
,
consists
of
receipts
one
into
an
other
,
so
that
the
front
being
broken
,
they
must
retire
into
the
voide
spaces
of
the
second
front
,
and
they
both
consequently
being
repulsed
,
to
plant
themselues
within
the
thirde
&
last
succours
,
the
pikes
of
both
flankes
ought
to
retire
,
as
the
battels
retire
,
that
is
to
say
:
the
first
ranke
ought
to
retire
within
the
2
,
and
the
2
within
the
3
,
the
3
within
the
4
,
the
4
within
the
5
,
the
5
within
the
6
,
&
so
consequently
the
rest
.
The
Hargabusiers
and
horsemen
must
likewise
do
their
duetie
according
to
all
warlike
order
.
But
for
your
further
and
perfect
instruction
,
howe
this
battell
and
all
other
of
like
qualitie
are
to
be
directed
,
read
the
Chapter
following
,
which
is
intituled
A
notable
discourse
of
sundrie
obseruations
to
be
had
in
memorie
of
Captaines
,
Collonels
,
Sergeant
Maiors
,
&c.
whereby
a
discreet
leader
may
'
learne
what
he
hath
to
accomplish
in
all
sortes
of
battels
and
encounters
whatsoeuer
.
Diuers
proportions
of
new
inuented
squadrons
.
THis
battell
following
hath
beene
vsed
of
the
Spaniards
,
marching
alongst
the
side
of
a
riuer
,
two
squares
,
and
a
triangle
battell
of
pikes
,
flanked
with
shot
,
empaled
on
the
front
,
rereward
and
left
flanke
with
7
rankes
of
pikes
,
the
forlorne
hope
in
the
front
,
&
their
horsemen
on
the
left
wing
,
in
this
sort
.
The
proportion
of
this
battell
was
caried
by
the
Almains
into
Italy
against
the
Zwitzers
,
being
enuironed
round
about
with
a
raile
,
fastned
with
iron
hookes
,
to
be
taken
in
sunder
&
carried
with
them
,
planted
with
musket
and
base
shot
,
to
resist
horsmen
,
and
the
squares
of
footmen
.
This
figure
ensuing
consists
of
a
square
battell
of
Pikes
flanked
by
shot
,
seconded
by
sléeues
of
Halberdeares
,
for
execution
and
reléefe
,
or
deffence
in
skirmish
when
it
comes
to
pell mel
,
with
4
smal
squadrons
of
musketeres
at
the
corners
of
the
maine
battell
,
all
the
whole
being
enuironed
and
impaled
with
pikes
,
before
whose
vaward
&
front
are
placed
the
forlorne
hope
,
&
two
wings
of
horsmen
,
marching
along
the
sides
of
the
battell
.
THe
proportion
of
this
battell
next
following
is
onely
for
the
safe
retire
of
shot
,
being
repulsed
by
horsemen
,
or
otherwise
,
who
may
at
eight
places
retire
into
this
squadron
,
which
stands
in
the
proportion
of
a
fortresse
,
which
vpon
the
charge
of
the
enemie
may
ioyne
close
in
one
maine
square
,
by
causing
the
flanks
to
march
vp
to
the
corners
of
the
square
,
which
vpon
occasion
disclosing
againe
may
let
out
the
shot
,
which
may
enter
into
skirmish
in
circular
wise
as
followeth
.
THe
manner
of
this
battell
next
adioyning
which
is
to
be
vsed
of
a
great
armie
,
dooth
somewhat
resemble
a
cressant
,
consisting
of
battaillons
,
the
Generall
in
the
midst
of
the
4
chéefe
squadrons
,
the
whole
impaled
with
pikes
,
flanked
with
shot
,
fronted
with
the
forlorne
hope
,
and
winged
with
horsemen
.
This
battell
following
is
both
strong
and
ready
for
the
safetie
of
the
shot
,
for
that
either
the
forlorne
hope
in
the
forward
or
rereward
,
'
may
succor
one
another
,
retire
or
issue
out
vpon
any
side
,
through
the
lanes
and
galleries
betwixt
euery
battaillon
,
and
yet
vpon
the
enemies
onset
may
sarrie
close
together
,
and
make
one
firme
and
sole
battaile
,
the
shot
being
before
hand
drawne
in
,
out
of
the
enemies
danger
.
This
squadron
is
likewise
flanked
with
Musket
and
Hargabuziers
,
and
winged
with
horsemen
.
A
notable
discourse
of
sundrie
obseruations
to
be
had
in
memorie
,
of
Captaines
,
Collonels
,
and
Sergeant
Maiors
,
in
directing
,
training
,
exercising
,
imbattelling
and
instructing
of
soldiors
,
for
the
better
planting
of
any
of
the
foresaid
Battels
or
proportions
.
EAch
Captaine
,
Collonell
,
and
Sergeant
Maior
,
must
in
his
degrée
,
take
care
of
his
charge
.
The
Captaines
must
sée
that
his
officers
do
acquaint
&
teach
his
souldiors
all
the
particulars
in
my
first
booke
,
and
that
his
other
officers
be
able
to
execute
so
much
as
I
haue
set
downe
in
my
second
Booke
of
Militarie
directions
,
whereby
together
with
some
notes
written
presently
,
they
may
learne
such
particular
knowledge
,
as
when
they
come
to
put
generall
matters
in
execution
,
the
same
séeme
not
strange
vnto
them
,
for
in
the
exercise
of
armes
we
ought
to
indeuour
our selues
to
be
perfect
in
such
things
as
belong
to
a
band
when
it
is
by
it selfe
,
and
that
which
a
band
is
to
performe
when
it
is
ioyned
with
others
in
campe
,
so
that
those
souldiers
which
be
cunning
in
the
first
,
may
easily
obserue
all
occurrences
and
commaundements
in
the
second
.
Therefore
a
band
is
to
learne
by
it selfe
,
to
kéepe
ranke
in
each
kind
of
motion
,
that
is
to
say
,
in
marching
slowlie
,
softlie
&
fast
,
&
to
learne
all
the
sounds
,
all
the
signes
,
and
all
the
blasts
,
voices
and
cries
,
wherewith
the
officers
commaund
in
a
battell
:
and
that
euery
one
know
perfectly
the
signification
thereof
,
no
lesse
then
the
Mariners
the
whistle
of
the
maister
of
the
ship
,
in
which
souldiours
must
be
readie
and
diligent
to
obey
incontinently
&
aptly
at
the
stroke
&
battery
of
the
drums
,
whether
it
be
to
march
forward
,
to
stay
,
or
to
recoile
,
or
to
turne
their
faces
and
weapons
towards
any
place
.
To
this
end
all
Collonels
must
ordaine
,
that
all
the
drums
haue
one
kind
and
maner
of
battery
,
and
that
they
do
vse
al
one
forme
of
sounding
to
the
field
,
of
sounding
the
alarme
,
and
to
vse
one
proper
sound
,
to
plant
themselues
in
battell
,
to
aduance
themselues
,
to
recoyle
,
to
turne
in
battell
themselues
from
one
side
to
another
,
to
make
retraite
,
and
in
sum
to
signifie
all
other
points
,
that
the
voice
of
one
person
alone
cannot
make
so
easily
to
be
vnderstood
,
as
dooth
the
sound
of
many
drums
,
the
which
make
themselues
to
be
hard
in
the
greatest
tumults
and
throngs
.
The
souldiors
also
ought
to
be
so
attentiue
,
to
hearken
and
giue
eare
to
that
which
is
spoken
and
commanded
,
that
they
néed
neuer
to
be
deceiued
:
the
drums
likewise
ought
to
be
ready
to
batter
their
caisses
according
to
the
sound
of
the
collonels
trumpets
,
by
the
which
they
must
altogether
direct
and
gouerne
their
batteries
.
The
Collonels
trumpet
ought
to
be
expert
in
all
these
sounds
,
&
that
he
be
able
to
vtter
them
so
plainly
,
that
the
drums
take
not
one
thing
for
an
other
,
but
that
he
know
how
to
expres
the
same
according
to
his
Collonels
commandement
,
néere
vnto
whose
person
he
ought
to
be
euer
,
&
not
to
abandon
him
:
&
to
yéeld
a
reason
what
mooues
me
to
appoint
trumpets
for
footmen
,
it
is
in
respect
that
they
may
be
more
cléerly
vnderstood
then
drums
can
be
if
any
great
tumult
should
arise
,
&
that
the
drums
should
alter
&
change
their
sound
:
for
they
are
to
be
directed
by
trumpets
,
the
sound
wherof
is
hier
than
the
battery
of
drums
,
the
which
the
Zwizers
who
first
inuented
drums
haue
very
wel
●…ried
:
therfore
let
collo●…ls
prouide
that
they
haue
trumpets
before
their
battaillons
that
the
Chieftains
may
signifie
&
admonish
them
what
they
haue
to
do
.
All
these
things
togither
with
ech
seueral
sound
,
must
be
taught
&
shewed
from
point
to
point
to
ech
particular
band
apart
,
before
they
be
ranged
togither
in
battel
,
to
the
intent
they
may
haue
the
full
art
to
maintaine
their
order
&
ranks
,
without
that
any
place
how
difficile
soeuer
,
be
able
to
disband
or
disseuer
them
.
And
also
that
the
sound
of
the
trumpet
be
so
familiar
vnto
them
,
that
they
cannot
erre
,
neither
take
one
thing
for
another
,
but
that
the
Collonels
bands
be
ech
one
priuatly
&
fully
instructed
in
all
that
which
the
battaillons
ought
to
do
,
being
assembled
with
the
armie
.
And
for
that
armes
are
brought
to
seuerall
kinds
of
battels
,
either
in
respect
of
the
enimies
in
sight
,
or
for
feare
of
some
sodaine
assault
,
ech
band
ought
to
be
exercised
in
such
sort
and
so
instructed
,
that
they
may
with
great
assurance
march
through
the
enimies
countrie
&
fight
if
néed
require
,
the
officers
instructing
&
shewing
the
souldiers
,
that
which
they
haue
to
do
,
if
they
were
assaulted
on
one
side
or
other
at
vnawares
.
And
that
they
be
taught
the
order
to
resist
the
enimie
in
a
day
of
battell
,
or
when
the
enimie
doth
approch
in
sight
,
they
ought
to
learne
how
a
battel
must
begin
,
and
how
one
battaillon
doth
abord
another
battaillon
of
the
enimies
:
and
to
shew
them
the
place
where
they
ought
to
retyre
if
they
be
repulsed
:
and
who
must
enter
into
and
supply
their
places
:
and
to
what
signes
,
to
what
sounds
,
to
what
voyces
they
ought
to
obey
:
and
that
which
they
must
do
when
they
heare
these
voyces
and
sounds
,
and
sée
those
tokens
&
signes
:
and
to
accustome
them
with
the
sundrie
sorts
of
battels
and
fained
assaults
,
in
such
sort
,
that
afterwards
they
may
not
onely
dare
to
abide
,
but
also
desire
the
fight
in
good
earnest
:
the
which
assurance
shal
so
much
the
rather
encrease
,
by
how
much
they
sée
themselues
wel
instructed
,
ordered
,
&
ranged
,
rather
then
by
their
proper
hardines
,
chiefly
if
these
battailons
be
ranged
in
such
sort
that
they
may
easily
succour
one
another
,
which
is
of
no
small
importance
to
encourage
&
assure
the
souldiers
:
For
admit
that
I
should
be
of
the
first
combatants
,
&
that
I
know
into
what
part
I
ought
to
retire
my selfe
,
being
ouermatched
,
and
likewise
who
he
is
that
must
come
in
my
place
,
I
shall
alwayes
fight
with
a
better
heart
,
beholding
my
succours
néere
at
hand
,
rather
then
if
I
neither
knew
them
nor
saw
them
.
Likewise
if
I
be
in
the
second
place
(
although
the
first
be
repulsed
,
&
that
I
behold
them
to
recoile
)
yet
the
same
shal
not
astonish
nor
appale
me
,
for
that
I
alredie
know
what
this
recoile
doth
signifie
:
a
thing
which
beforehand
I
shal
desire
to
come
to
passe
,
to
the
intent
that
I
may
be
he
that
shall
gaine
the
victorie
,
and
that
the
first
do
not
carrie
away
the
honour
of
the
fielde
alone
to
themselues
.
These
exercises
therefore
be
most
necessarie
both
for
young
and
olde
souldiers
,
for
it
appeares
,
that
although
the
Romaines
knew
perfitely
what
were
to
be
accomplished
in
a
particular
band
,
and
so
consequently
in
a
whole
armie
,
and
that
they
did
learne
all
these
things
in
their
youth
in
C●…mpo
Martio
,
yet
neuerthelesse
they
were
afterwards
continually
exercised
,
as
wel
in
the
time
of
peace
,
as
when
their
enimies
did
front
them
.
Ioseph
in
his
historie
saith
,
that
the
continuall
exercise
of
the
Romaine
armie
,
did
make
the
common
multitude
of
those
that
followed
the
campe
,
serue
in
a
day
of
battell
as
well
as
the
souldiers
:
for
both
the
one
and
the
other
knew
how
to
kéepe
their
ranks
,
and
in
kéeping
them
how
to
fight
in
them
.
But
an
armie
of
new
souldiers
,
whether
they
be
leuied
to
serue
presently
,
or
that
an
order
be
taken
to
haue
them
in
readines
to
be
imployed
in
time
to
come
,
they
will
arise
to
proue
vnprofitable
without
these
practises
and
exercises
.
Therefore
order
being
so
necessarie
,
all
Captaines
,
Collonels
,
and
Sergeant
Maiors
,
must
with
double
industrie
and
trauell
instruct
or
cause
to
be
instructed
,
those
which
be
ignorant
,
and
to
continue
and
maintaine
the
same
in
those
which
are
perfect
,
imitating
the
steps
of
those
excellent
Captaines
which
haue
trauelled
to
maintaine
this
discipline
.
The
souldiers
therefore
in
priuate
bands
being
instructed
to
kéepe
their
rankes
by
3.
and
3.
fiue
and
5.
or
8.
and
8.
without
hauing
respect
to
the
number
,
euen
or
odde
,
for
that
it
is
a
thing
of
no
importance
,
but
an
obseruation
brought
vp
without
foundation
,
&
specially
Vegetius
can
yéeld
no
reason
therefore
,
but
only
vse
.
They
must
then
in
marching
softly
or
in
hast
,
learne
to
multiplie
,
as
two
ranks
of
fiue
to
make
10.
&
two
of
10.
to
make
20.
and
by
and
by
at
one
instant
to
bring
them
from
the
same
rankes
and
to
place
them
in
their
first
and
simple
order
of
aray
.
And
to
the
end
they
may
assure
and
accustome
themselues
the
better
,
it
is
necessarie
they
make
Lymassons
when
they
are
in
simple
and
single
aray
,
and
to
aduertise
them
that
the
second
person
in
ranke
,
doe
kéepe
alwayes
iust
behind
the
first
without
loosing
him
,
and
the
3.
right
behind
the
second
,
and
so
of
the
rest
.
This
done
togither
with
the
directions
of
my
second
booke
,
e●…h
band
must
apart
be
set
in
order
,
and
in
the
estate
that
is
required
and
requisite
to
range
them
,
when
a
whole
battell
is
planted
togither
.
To
performe
which
the
Pikes
of
the
flankes
and
the
Hargabusiers
shall
come
out
of
aray
,
and
shall
place
themselues
on
the
one
side
and
the
Corporals
of
the
Pikes
shall
make
head
,
one
of
the
Corporals
and
his
people
first
,
and
another
of
the
Corporals
and
his
people
next
,
the
Corporall
of
the
Halberdeares
shall
follow
,
hauing
the
Alfierus
with
his
Ensigne
in
the
middest
of
the
Halberds
.
Then
the
other
Corporals
with
their
Pikes
,
shal
make
the
reregard
with
their
people
.
It
must
be
shewed
to
euerie
Corporall
the
place
which
he
ought
to
kéepe
at
all
times
,
who
likewise
must
declare
the
same
plainely
and
particularly
to
euerie
priuate
souldier
of
his
squadre
.
The
Captaine
must
be
at
the
head
of
the
aray
,
and
the
Lieutenant
at
the
backe
,
the
Sergeant
hath
no
staying
place
,
vnlesse
the
Captaine
do
appoint
him
one
,
but
must
alwayes
trot
here
and
there
all
alongst
the
rankes
,
to
see
good
order
kept
,
and
to
commaunde
the
performance
of
his
Captaines
pleasure
.
Let
continuall
vse
accustome
the
souldiers
,
to
know
of
themselues
,
how
to
range
themselues
in
battell
:
for
the
better
learning
whereof
,
they
must
be
made
to
march
forward
and
backward
,
and
to
passe
difficile
places
without
troubling
and
breaking
their
aray
,
the
which
if
they
be
not
able
to
doe
,
they
are
not
to
be
esteemed
old
souldiers
,
although
they
haue
serued
twentie
yeares
.
The
difficultie
likewise
is
great
,
to
cause
them
place
themselues
vpon
a
sodaine
in
their
first
aray
being
broken
or
dispersed
,
by
reason
of
vneasie
passages
,
or
that
the
enimies
haue
disseuered
them
,
for
in
this
it
is
requisite
to
haue
had
good
and
great
exercise
of
a
long
continuance
.
Therefore
that
the
same
may
be
accomplished
,
it
is
necessarie
to
haue
two
things
obserued
&
maintained
,
the
one
that
the
Ensignes
may
be
easily
knowne
by
colours
and
figures
of
number
,
and
that
the
chiefe
members
and
officers
haue
certaine
cognisances
or
markes
vpon
their
armes
and
apparell
:
and
the
other
is
,
that
one selfe
band
be
ranged
alwayes
in
one
certaine
and
knowne
place
of
the
battaillon
,
without
causing
the
same
to
alter
roomes
:
and
that
the
Corporals
know
the
places
that
they
must
enter
into
,
without
shifting
at
any
time
,
but
if
that
one
Corporall
be
accustomed
to
be
in
the
formost
ranke
,
that
he
remaine
there
alwayes
,
and
the
souldiers
in
the
places
which
hath
ben
ordained
them
from
the
beginning
.
And
if
that
any
one
band
hath
bene
taught
to
be
in
the
right
corner
of
the
battell
,
that
the
same
doe
not
stirre
from
thence
,
and
so
consequently
that
which
is
vsed
to
the
left
shall
go
to
the
left
.
By
this
meanes
if
the
souldiers
be
accustomed
to
know
their
places
(
put
case
they
should
be
out
of
order
)
yet
should
they
be
able
to
place
themselues
againe
easily
.
For
the
Ensignes
do
know
alredie
the
place
where
they
are
accustomed
to
be
planted
in
the
battel
:
and
the
Corporals
knowing
likewise
their
place
,
may
iudge
also
by
ranke
of
eye
vpon
what
part
it
is
that
they
should
place
themselues
:
so
that
those
of
the
front
shall
steppe
forwards
to
the
front
,
and
those
of
the
backe
shall
in
like
sort
retire
to
their
places
.
Therefore
the
Corporals
knowing
in
how
many
and
what
rankes
they
haue
to
arrange
themselues
,
it
will
follow
that
the
souldiers
,
not
hauing
any
thing
else
to
do
,
but
to
imitate
their
Leaders
and
heads
,
will
readily
range
themselues
euerie
one
in
his
owne
place
,
without
hauing
néede
of
any
sergeant
of
a
band
,
nor
any
other
to
place
them
,
prouided
that
vse
and
practise
hath
made
them
perfect
masters
.
These
things
are
instructed
&
learned
spéedily
,
so
that
diligence
be
vsed
,
&
that
men
accustome
themselues
by
little
&
little
and
often
,
the
which
after
they
haue
once
well
learned
,
they
shall
hardly
forget
.
It
is
moreouer
necessarie
to
teach
them
to
turne
al
at
one
time
,
for
it
is
somtimes
requisite
to
make
of
the
rereward
the
front
,
or
of
one
of
the
flankes
the
rereward
,
according
to
the
enimies
face
,
and
according
to
the
place
of
assault
.
Now
to
answere
towards
the
place
néedful
,
you
haue
no
more
to
do
,
but
to
turne
your
person
towards
the
place
appointed
,
and
so
shall
that
part
towards
which
the
souldiers
haue
turned
their
faces
be
the
front
.
But
he
that
would
haue
a
whole
battaillon
turne
all
in
one
péece
,
&
as
if
it
were
a
massie
body
,
in
this
it
were
necessarie
to
haue
great
practise
&
discretion
,
for
to
turne
it
vpon
the
left
hand
,
it
is
requisite
to
haue
the
left
corner
stay
,
&
that
those
which
be
néere
adioyning
vnto
the
same
,
do
aduance
themselues
so
slowly
,
that
those
vpon
the
right
corner
,
be
not
constrained
to
run
:
otherwise
al
wil
be
confounded
,
but
this
may
better
be
made
apparant
by
experience
then
words
.
The
forlorne
hope
,
&
the
light
armed
&
armed
pikes
,
are
to
be
ranged
in
the
front
,
flanks
&
rereward
,
according
to
the
proportion
of
the
battell
,
or
as
the
seruice
requires
,
for
these
are
to
execute
particular
functions
,
in
conuoyes
,
forrages
,
inuasions
&
such
like
,
when
it
is
not
requisite
to
send
great
numbers
of
people
.
The
forlorne
hope
,
the
pikemen
&
hargabusiers
,
are
to
begin
the
battel
,
to
fight
amongst
the
horsemen
without
kéeping
any
order
:
and
therfore
being
lightly
armed
,
their
office
is
to
fight
without
standing
still
or
firme
,
&
in
running
&
trauersing
here
&
there
,
whether
they
pursue
the
enimies
,
or
be
followed
of
them
,
in
which
the
pikemen
wil
do
good
seruice
in
backing
&
sustaining
the
hargabusiers
,
and
may
be
able
to
make
front
to
these
that
charge
vpon
them
,
whether
they
be
on
horseback
or
foote
,
or
to
follow
those
that
be
in
flight
,
&
to
make
entrance
&
to
thrust
in
amongst
the
enimies
,
when
they
begin
to
stagger
or
sway
.
Therfore
al
souldiers
,
whether
they
be
in
maine
battel
,
in
flanke
,
forlorne
hope
,
in
the
impale
or
rereward
,
haue
néede
to
be
well
exercised
,
that
being
disbanded
,
they
may
immediatly
finde
againe
their
places
&
rang
themselues
in
the
same
aray
they
kept
before
,
wherein
it
is
necessarie
that
all
officers
become
more
vigilant
in
execution
then
heretofore
,
and
the
souldiers
more
obedient
and
expert
in
performing
,
then
at
this
day
they
be
.
Our
age
brings
forth
Captaines
more
curious
of
gaine
then
of
conseruing
good
order
,
and
troupes
of
officers
rather
to
supplie
number
then
sufficient
to
instruct
:
The
Ensignes
themselues
are
more
in
vse
for
a
gallant
shew
,
then
for
any
Militarie
direction
,
whereas
the
ancient
Romaines
did
vse
them
for
a
guid
:
whereby
they
knew
how
to
put
themselues
in
order
,
for
euery
one
after
the
Ensigne
did
stay
,
knew
incontinently
the
place
where
they
were
to
plant
themselues
,
they
knew
that
if
the
same
did
remoue
or
stand
stil
,
that
they
likewise
ought
to
march
or
stay
.
Therfore
it
is
necessary
that
a
camp
haue
diuers
bands
,
&
euery
band
his
Ensigne
,
wherin
figures
of
number
are
to
be
portraited
,
to
shew
what
roome
and
place
the
same
is
of
in
euery
regiment
or
armie
,
and
so
consequently
where
the
same
is
accustomed
to
be
ranged
.
And
also
necessarie
Leaders
and
officers
,
that
the
campe
may
haue
diuers
soules
,
and
so
likewise
diuers
liues
:
all
souldiers
then
ought
to
gouerne
themselues
according
to
their
Ensignes
&
according
to
the
sounds
the
which
being
ordained
&
set
down
according
as
they
ought
,
do
command
&
gouerne
a
whole
regiment
and
armie
.
The
which
,
so
that
it
march
in
such
sort
as
answeres
to
the
batterie
of
the
drums
:
they
shall
easily
kéepe
their
order
and
aray
.
And
to
this
end
were
the
Flutes
and
fiffes
found
out
,
and
sounds
of
perfect
accord
:
for
euen
as
men
that
dance
by
the
measures
of
Musicke
do
not
erre
,
so
likewise
a
whole
battaillon
,
which
in
march
obeys
the
sound
of
the
drum
cannot
breake
aray
,
and
therefore
the
Romaines
,
when
they
would
change
their
pace
,
when
they
would
inflame
,
appcase
,
or
assure
the
souldiers
they
did
change
sounds
,
&
as
the
sounds
did
varie
,
so
likewise
vsed
they
variety
of
names
to
them
,
for
they
had
the
Dorike
,
and
the
Phrigien
sound
:
the
one
did
inflame
the
hearts
of
the
souldiers
,
the
other
did
make
méek
&
appease
them
.
They
had
likewise
other
kinds
of
sounds
as
the
Aeolien
,
Iasien
,
Lydien
&
others
,
the
which
did
al
serue
to
incite
or
coole
the
courage
of
men
,
which
diuersitie
of
batteries
,
the
Spaniards
do
presently
verie
well
imitate
,
a
thing
to
be
obserued
of
all
good
souldiers
.
An
armie
that
consists
of
diuers
battaillons
&
two
or
thrée
fronts
,
when
they
are
constrained
to
break
and
are
repulsed
,
must
retire
one
within
another
into
the
rankes
of
the
next
squadrons
,
which
of
purpose
are
planted
more
thin
,
&
so
the
first
retyring
enters
into
the
2.
and
the
second
into
the
3.
Note
that
in
the
first
front
of
a
square
vpon
the
fal
of
any
wounded
or
slaine
souldier
,
he
the
is
next
behind
him
in
rank
,
&
is
his
follower
must
enter
and
step
into
his
roome
,
and
fill
vp
the
void
place
,
that
the
front
of
the
battel
may
still
be
maintained
,
and
so
obseruing
the
retire
of
the
battaillons
,
and
the
renuing
of
their
ranks
,
we
may
accomplish
both
the
Romain
&
Gréeke
discipline
.
Those
battaillons
which
are
most
necessarie
to
be
had
in
vse
,
ought
to
consist
of
pikes
marching
before
the
Ensigne
,
behind
it
and
on
the
flanks
,
carrying
light
Uenecian
rundels
and
targets
on
their
backes
:
and
in
the
midst
about
the
Ensigne
the
halberdeares
must
stand
,
prouided
alwayes
that
the
notable
personages
&
good
souldiers
for
seruice
be
dispersed
as
well
in
the
flanks
&
behind
as
before
,
and
not
to
put
them
all
to
one
brunt
in
the
front
,
as
though
they
were
immortall
and
not
able
to
be
ouercome
.
By
this
order
a
battell
shall
be
able
to
sustaine
a
charge
of
horsemen
or
footmen
to
repulse
them
,
&
after
enter
into
the
enimies
throng
:
for
experience
declares
that
the
pikes
are
made
voide
of
seruice
when
the
rankes
be
closed
pell mel
togither
,
for
then
the
souldiers
are
almost
one
vpon
the
bodie
&
backe
of
another
.
Wherefore
if
the
pikemen
should
haue
no
other
weapons
but
their
pikes
and
swords
,
they
should
remaine
naked
,
which
doth
moue
me
to
commend
the
rondell
to
receiue
the
blowes
:
and
to
fight
withall
in
any
presse
or
throng
whatsoeuer
.
The
halberdeares
may
verie
well
fight
in
a
presse
likewise
with
their
halberds
,
rather
then
the
pikemen
with
their
pikes
:
The
which
halberdeares
are
expresly
appointed
for
execution
:
and
so
consequenly
to
follow
the
said
rondels
at
the
héeles
,
to
frée
them
from
the
charge
of
those
that
be
armed
,
through
the
great
&
heauie
blowes
which
they
shall
giue
with
their
halberds
.
But
touching
the
rondels
,
I
would
haue
them
alwayes
to
thrust
with
the
point
of
their
swords
,
although
it
were
but
at
the
face
,
the
legges
and
féete
,
if
the
enimie
be
not
disarmed
in
other
parts
.
The
ground
that
euery
souldier
doth
occupie
at
large
in
marching
in
simple
and
single
aray
,
is
thrée
pace
,
and
being
in
battell
two
,
and
when
they
fight
one
.
The
distance
of
one
ranke
from
another
,
in
simple
and
single
ordinance
and
aray
,
is
foure
,
and
being
ranged
in
battell
two
,
and
in
fight
one
.
The
first
sound
of
the
Collonels
trumpet
is
to
enter
into
the
ranke
and
march
,
the
second
to
alter
the
single
aray
into
forme
of
battell
,
and
the
thirde
is
to
aduance
and
plant
the
battell
.
The
Collonel
being
in
such
a
place
as
from
thence
he
may
sée
his
whole
Regiment
,
hauing
the
Caualliers
of
his
squadre
of
S.
George
about
him
,
being
such
expert
souldiers
as
I
haue
set
downe
in
my
second
booke
of
directions
,
togither
with
the
Sergeant
Maior
and
such
as
can
execute
any
commission
of
importance
,
his
drum
and
trumpet
maior
about
him
to
sound
and
cause
his
pleasure
to
be
sodainly
and
spéedily
vnderstood
.
The
Collonel
must
commande
the
sound
to
be
made
of
his
trumpet
,
which
is
appointed
for
the
ordinarie
march
,
and
soone
after
to
sounde
that
which
is
to
trot
,
and
then
at
the
selfe
time
that
which
commands
and
appoints
the
fight
and
combat
.
When
a
battell
doth
consist
of
diuers
battaillons
,
he
must
not
forget
to
exercise
the
first
to
retire
within
the
battaillons
of
the
second
,
&
the
second
to
retire
within
the
battaillons
of
the
third
.
And
to
accomplish
the
same
without
breaking
or
disordering
the
squadrons
.
The
pikes
in
the
flankes
must
retire
as
the
battaillons
retire
,
the
first
into
the
second
,
the
3.
within
the
4.
the
fourth
within
the
5.
the
fift
into
the
6.
of
the
ranks
,
and
so
consequently
to
the
end
.
The
forlorne
hope
and
horsmen
shal
likewise
do
their
dutie
.
These
things
done
,
the
retrait
must
sound
,
and
euery
Ensigne
must
recoile
his
people
apart
,
to
put
them
again
in
a
new
and
single
ordinance
of
aray
for
the
march
.
The
enimie
aduancing
to
fight
in
triangular
battel
with
the
point
forward
,
frame
the
battell
of
sheares
to
receiue
,
enuiron
and
fight
with
the
said
pointed
battaillon
.
If
the
enimie
march
with
a
front
stretched
out
in
length
,
make
a
triangle
or
pointed
battel
to
pearce
the
same
.
The
baggage
of
an
armie
ought
either
to
be
in
a
place
strong
by
nature
,
or
well
defended
by
art
and
industrie
,
togither
with
the
followers
of
the
campe
,
pages
and
muchachos
,
who
must
be
chosen
able
to
fight
in
a
day
of
seruice
,
for
the
defence
of
themselues
and
their
masters
baggage
.
The
spaces
,
interualles
,
galeries
and
passages
,
which
are
amongst
the
ranks
,
amongst
the
bands
,
and
amongst
the
battaillons
,
do
serue
not
onely
to
receiue
one
another
,
either
in
retire
,
or
when
the
first
ranke
doth
retire
through
the
midst
of
the
second
,
and
the
2.
3.
4.
and
5.
&c.
following
him
like
a
Laborinthus
mase
,
going
forward
to
the
last
ranks
and
turning
backe
again
,
or
that
his
next
follower
steps
a
side
and
lets
him
passe
and
enter
into
ranke
againe
,
but
also
those
spaces
betwixt
the
battaillons
serue
the
Caualliers
&
such
like
that
come
&
go
,
which
carrie
&
bring
directions
of
the
Chieftaines
,
Collonels
or
Generals
.
The
forlorne
hope
and
extraordinarie
pikes
must
inuade
the
enimie
with
continuall
&
great
cries
,
the
battaillons
or
maine
battell
likewise
at
the
first
must
giue
a
chearefull
shout
,
when
encounter
is
giuen
in
the
beginning
and
ioyning
of
the
battels
,
but
afterward
maintain
a
solemne
silence
,
that
they
may
the
better
vnderstand
what
commandements
and
directions
procéeds
from
their
chieftain
,
either
for
the
altering
of
order
or
otherwise
,
which
cannot
be
heard
or
vnderstood
,
if
they
continue
a
barbarous
crie
.
Squadrons
&
battaillons
must
sometimes
assault
in
great
hast
,
chiefly
if
the
enimies
artillery
doe
endomage
them
verie
much
,
and
sometimes
must
abide
the
charge
without
remoouing
,
when
the
place
is
vneasie
,
&
that
they
shall
be
in
danger
to
dismember
,
specially
if
they
be
such
as
be
not
accustomed
to
the
march
&
maner
of
battels
.
Therefore
in
conclusion
,
these
4
things
ought
to
be
obserued
of
all
armies
:
first
that
all
soldiors
&
priuate
bands
be
exercised
a
part
in
all
things
belonging
to
the
wars
:
secondly
,
that
they
know
how
to
range
themselues
in
battell
,
how
to
varie
,
exercise
,
and
march
in
the
same
,
softly
,
apace
,
and
in
full
course
,
kéeping
their
araic
.
Thirdly
to
learne
that
which
appertaines
to
the
exercise
which
they
must
accomplish
in
a
day
of
battell
,
and
how
to
drawe
forward
and
retire
the
artillarie
,
to
giue
way
and
cause
the
Hargabuziers
to
issue
out
of
the
flanks
,
hauing
shot
sixe
or
7
Hargabusades
a
péece
in
running
héere
and
there
,
and
without
kéeping
order
,
so
that
they
know
how
to
ioyne
and
agrée
with
the
pikemen
and
horsemen
,
to
whom
the
care
ouer
their
safety
belongs
.
They
shall
retire
by
the
flankes
and
by
the
interuals
and
passages
,
each
one
into
his
place
:
that
is
to
say
,
the
hargabuziers
of
the
flankes
into
the
flanks
,
the
forlorne
hope
to
the
reregard
,
there
to
range
themselues
according
to
the
Collonels
appointment
,
&
as
the
day
of
seruice
requires
,
for
if
they
should
remaine
and
continue
before
the
squadre
or
battel
,
they
shall
hinder
the
maine
battaillons
in
their
fight
,
and
bring
confusion
.
The
light
armed
pikes
&
horsemen
must
likewise
retire
to
their
places
vpon
the
ioyning
of
the
battels
.
The
fourth
exercise
is
,
as
partly
I
haue
touched
before
,
that
euery
one
apply
himselfe
to
vnderstand
the
commaundement
of
the
Chéeftains
,
the
signification
of
the
sounds
and
trumpets
,
and
the
batterie
of
the
drums
:
by
which
be
signified
all
that
which
is
generally
to
be
vnderstood
:
that
is
to
say
,
when
it
shall
be
time
to
plant
themselues
in
battell
,
when
they
ought
to
march
,
when
to
stay
or
go
forward
,
when
to
turne
visage
to
one
part
or
other
,
to
crosse
the
ground
,
sarrie
close
,
&
fight
.
In
like
sort
the
sound
of
the
said
trumpets
shall
signifie
,
when
it
is
time
for
the
artillary
to
discharge
,
when
to
retire
,
when
the
Musket
&
Hargabusiers
,
the
forlorne
hope
,
and
others
,
are
to
set
forward
,
and
when
they
are
to
retire
,
and
also
when
the
first
battels
ought
to
retire
to
the
second
fronts
and
battaillons
,
and
when
both
together
they
are
to
arange
themselues
with
those
of
the
third
,
&
finally
at
what
time
they
must
all
retire
from
the
battel
,
the
which
things
must
in
a
plaine
&
knowne
vulgar
sort
,
be
al
set
downe
by
the
collonel
and
Chieftaine
,
and
suddenlye
be
signified
by
his
trumpet
,
the
noise
whereof
shall
giue
sufficient
intelligence
to
the
other
trumpets
,
which
are
néerest
him
,
that
it
may
so
go
from
hand
to
hand
,
to
the
furthest
trumpet
of
the
armie
.
It
should
be
good
to
vse
a
Cornet
or
a
hunts
mans
horne
,
for
the
retraite
,
&c.
and
a
trumpet
to
begin
the
battell
,
or
contrariwise
:
for
it
is
a
most
difficile
thing
,
that
the
trumpetor
should
signifie
so
many
diuers
things
with
one
instrument
,
considering
that
the
sound
of
a
retraite
,
dooth
approch
very
néere
vnto
the
sounding
to
the
standard
,
in
such
sort
that
then
when
as
all
men
be
troubled
,
and
as
it
were
besides
themselues
,
they
shall
very
hardly
be
able
to
discerne
whether
of
these
two
things
the
trumpet
sounds
.
What
the
Sergeant
Maior
is
to
obserue
touching
the
length
of
Pikes
.
A
Pike
ought
neuer
to
want
in
length
any
thing
of
fiftéene
foot
,
for
this
respect
,
when
the
footemen
are
streightned
and
setled
in
order
of
battell
,
they
may
for
the
aduantage
and
profite
of
the
said
armie
,
in
respect
that
the
assaults
of
the
enemie
is
to
giue
to
the
said
battell
,
couching
&
bending
their
pikes
against
them
,
worke
so
that
the
greatest
number
of
rankes
that
is
possible
for
the
defence
of
the
battell
,
may
endamage
and
offend
the
said
enemies
,
and
therefore
their
pikes
being
shorter
then
fiftéene
foote
,
it
prooues
that
no
more
of
the
ranks
can
fight
,
but
the
first
,
second
and
third
,
standing
all
in
order
in
their
places
,
and
yet
can
the
third
ranke
fight
but
discommodiously
,
&
not
aduance
forward
his
pike
to
succor
and
defend
the
first
ranke
,
forsomuch
as
the
distance
of
the
ground
,
from
one
ranke
to
another
,
in
any
battell
,
how
straight
and
close
soeuer
it
be
,
would
be
neuerthelesse
so
much
,
that
men
may
manage
and
handle
their
weapons
and
sturre
themselues
,
without
being
a
hinderance
or
trouble
one
to
another
.
Therefore
it
is
to
be
considered
,
that
the
distance
of
the
ground
,
which
is
betwixt
one
ranke
and
an
other
,
dooth
take
away
a
good
portion
of
length
,
in
such
sort
that
by
reason
we
may
sée
,
that
a
pike
ought
to
be
in
length
fiftéene
foot
,
and
no
lesse
,
for
being
so
long
,
footemen
standing
in
order
of
battell
in
their
places
,
the
third
and
fourth
ranke
may
commodiouslye
abasing
themselues
,
come
in
aright
to
succour
with
their
pikes
,
the
first
and
formost
rankes
,
&
this
is
as
much
as
I
can
imagine
to
be
necessarie
,
touching
the
length
of
pikes
,
by
reason
of
the
succour
,
the
third
and
fourth
ranke
may
giue
to
them
before
.
How
pikes
are
to
be
raised
vp
and
abased
,
in
closing
and
opening
of
a
battell
.
I
Will
not
omit
to
put
those
in
memorie
,
that
know
not
of
the
particular
of
those
things
that
is
required
in
making
a
battell
of
footmen
.
Therefore
those
which
would
make
a
battell
of
footmen
,
must
be
aduertised
,
that
in
shutting
vp
of
the
said
battell
,
the
rankes
of
the
pikes
,
aswell
armed
as
vnarmed
,
must
not
raise
them
vp
confusedly
,
but
with
order
,
that
is
,
when
the
Sergeant
,
Captaine
,
or
Sergeant
Maior
shall
say
,
raise
or
right
vp
your
pikes
,
then
it
is
requisite
that
the
first
and
formost
ranke
must
begin
to
raise
vp
it selfe
,
and
that
the
second
do
not
mooue
to
raise
vp
it selfe
,
vntill
the
first
be
all
raised
vp
,
&
so
the
third
,
and
fourth
.
And
finally
the
same
order
is
to
be
obserued
in
all
other
rankes
,
not
to
raise
vp
their
pikes
vntill
such
time
that
the
rankes
that
are
before
them
haue
raised
them
vp
:
and
so
from
one
to
another
,
all
the
rankes
of
the
footmen
must
obserue
this
order
,
aswell
in
battell
as
in
araye
.
The
like
order
is
to
be
obserued
in
battell
and
araye
,
in
laying
downe
their
pikes
vpon
their
shoulders
,
forsomuch
as
ranke
by
ranke
,
in
order
and
without
confusion
,
they
ought
to
let
fall
their
pikes
,
letting
the
first
fall
after
the
second
,
the
third
and
fourth
,
following
from
one
to
another
,
in
the
selfe
same
maner
as
hath
béene
declared
in
the
raising
vp
of
their
pikes
,
for
by
obseruing
this
order
they
cannot
commit
,
but
rather
make
a
gallant
showe
,
and
preuent
manie
confusions
.
How
the
Sergeant
Maior
,
Captaine
,
or
simple
Sergeant
are
to
gouerne
themselues
,
when
their
battell
shall
chaunce
to
be
assaulted
,
on
foote
and
on
horsebacke
.
IN
sundry
and
diuers
manners
,
and
moreouer
in
diuers
places
and
grounds
battels
are
fought
,
according
to
the
occasions
,
and
the
accidents
that
in
Militarie
occurrences
doe
chaunce
at
vnawares
,
in
time
of
warrefare
,
abroade
in
Campania
,
in
Townes
and
in
Fortresses
:
for
which
causes
it
is
necessarie
,
that
the
wit
of
those
that
haue
the
managing
thereof
,
be
prompt
&
ready
,
aswell
in
this
,
as
moreouer
in
finding
out
a
good
partie
for
himselfe
,
all
for
the
honor
&
safetie
of
the
prince
whom
he
serues
,
ioining
to
his
couragious
hart
,
wit
,
experience
,
policie
,
&
each
aduantage
that
is
possible
to
be
vsed
against
his
enemie
,
therfore
in
two
sorts
do
arise
the
means
to
fight
:
one
is
when
he
doth
séeke
to
fight
with
his
enemie
,
&
the
other
when
he
is
sought
of
the
enemie
,
in
such
sort
that
it
is
néedfull
he
defend
himselfe
,
and
therefore
I
say
,
when
the
first
occasion
doothrise
,
&
that
the
séekes
the
enemie
,
speaking
héere
of
striking
battell
in
Campania
:
it
is
requisite
first
he
consider
how
the
enemies
armie
is
furnished
with
horsemen
and
footmen
,
and
if
he
looke
to
fight
with
horsmen
that
are
to
come
to
breake
his
battell
,
in
this
case
he
is
to
be
aduertised
,
that
he
suffer
himselfe
not
to
be
found
(
if
it
be
possible
)
in
Campania
Rasa
,
in
the
open
fields
,
or
in
plains
,
but
rather
must
accomodate
his
battell
in
some
place
of
a
hill
or
a
mountaine
,
or
vpon
some
seat
of
ground
which
hath
vpon
one
side
either
riuer
or
ditch
,
or
some
other
impediment
,
against
the
enemies
horsemen
,
which
on
some
side
may
be
a
difference
,
as
in
some
places
be
,
trées
,
vines
,
and
diuers
other
such
like
,
as
nature
brings
foorth
in
diuers
places
,
which
are
of
great
impediment
vnto
the
enemies
horsemen
,
&
vnto
foote
battels
are
verie
profitable
,
and
although
the
number
of
the
souldiors
are
very
small
,
yet
oftentimes
by
much
aduantage
remaine
victorious
:
but
aduertisement
is
to
be
had
,
that
in
such
cases
it
is
requisite
,
that
there
be
accomodated
many
hargabusiers
in
the
battell
,
&
many
pikes
,
for
they
be
good
against
the
enemies
horsemen
:
hauing
to
fight
with
footmen
,
the
open
fields
is
the
best
,
with
a
square
battell
,
and
many
pikes
,
placing
hargabuziers
according
to
his
discretion
.
Since
I
haue
spoken
of
the
first
maner
of
fight
,
I
will
speake
of
the
second
,
which
is
,
when
the
enemie
dooth
assault
at
vnawares
,
it
is
necessarie
then
couragiouslie
not
to
loose
any
point
of
courage
,
to
place
his
people
in
square
battell
,
for
that
it
is
the
most
ready
and
most
sure
way
,
that
is
,
making
himselfe
good
flanks
with
the
Hargabuziers
of
the
band
,
afterwards
expecting
the
assault
,
cause
his
battell
to
shut
and
close
it selfe
wel
,
causing
them
to
couche
and
abase
,
4
or
5
or
somtimes
6
ranks
of
pikes
in
that
case
,
round
about
all
the
sides
of
the
battel
,
and
the
others
to
stand
vpright
vntill
time
of
néede
:
and
the
Hargabuziers
are
to
hold
their
pikes
vpon
their
thighes
,
with
their
matches
in
their
cockes
,
a
morce
in
their
pan
,
and
all
vigilant
in
a
readinesse
.
And
the
captaine
before
the
battell
,
valiantly
giuing
courage
to
his
souldiors
,
to
performe
the
dutie
of
a
leader
:
aduertising
,
that
when
the
assault
is
giuen
by
horsemen
,
that
the
pikemen
couching
and
abasing
themselues
,
do
hold
the
great
end
of
their
pikes
fastned
hard
in
strong
earth
,
to
the
end
the
pike
may
haue
greater
force
.
What
distance
is
vsed
in
Battell
betwixt
man
and
man
,
ranke
and
ranke
.
IN
this
present
chapter
,
you
shall
perceiue
the
order
and
maner
that
is
to
be
obserued
in
the
distance
and
space
of
ground
betwixt
ranke
and
ranke
of
souldiours
in
battell
,
and
how
much
space
the
souldiours
do
occupie
,
from
shoulder
to
shoulder
,
aswell
armed
with
Corslet
as
vnarmed
.
Note
that
it
is
to
be
vnderstood
of
a
pikeman
,
I
will
first
aduertise
all
Sergeant
Maiors
,
and
all
good
Captaines
and
Sergeants
,
and
others
,
that
delight
in
profession
of
battels
,
that
there
be
two
reasons
,
wherefore
the
vnderstanding
of
these
distances
,
be
of
importance
:
the
one
is
to
know
how
much
ground
is
necessary
to
manage
a
battell
,
&
how
much
space
the
circumference
of
the
battell
will
take
round
about
it
,
according
to
the
quantitie
of
the
souldiours
,
that
are
to
be
in
the
said
battel
.
And
the
other
is
,
that
it
is
néedful
to
know
,
how
much
space
is
limited
to
a
souldior
from
shoulder
to
shoulder
,
and
from
one
ranke
to
another
.
And
this
proportion
hath
bin
found
out
and
limited
,
of
great
practised
and
cunning
men
,
to
the
intent
that
the
said
distance
from
one
ranke
to
another
,
may
in
a
certaine
space
of
time
be
accomodated
,
that
the
souldiours
may
comodiously
manage
their
pikes
,
may
fight
,
and
in
such
sort
that
one
ranke
of
souldiours
may
succour
an
other
that
stand
before
them
,
and
deale
in
such
sort
that
all
the
battell
may
worke
good
effect
,
forasmuch
as
when
they
do
accommodate
themselues
ouerstraite
and
narrowe
,
they
can
neither
fight
nor
yet
hardlye
mooue
themselues
.
And
the
same
inconuenience
would
chance
,
if
souldiors
were
placed
in
battell
one
ouer
farre
from
another
,
or
one
ranke
too
much
distant
from
an
other
.
Therefore
it
is
a
most
conuenient
thing
,
to
vse
in
this
case
those
limited
rules
,
that
the
auncient
and
moderne
souldiours
haue
set
downe
,
and
such
as
our
Captaines
haue
obserued
.
The
space
therefore
of
grounde
,
that
one
Souldiour
with
his
necessaries
dooth
holde
from
shoulder
to
shoulder
shall
be
of
thrée
foote
,
and
nothing
lesse
,
in
such
sort
,
that
when
any
battell
is
to
bee
made
,
let
vs
put
this
example
,
that
if
there
be
a
ranke
of
25
souldiours
in
a
battell
,
it
is
néedfull
to
imagine
,
that
the
length
of
the
said
25.
footemen
shall
containe
the
space
of
75.
foote
,
which
is
fiftéene
pace
.
Speaking
of
the
Venetian
pace
,
which
is
fiue
foote
for
the
pace
,
whereof
I
meane
alwaies
to
speake
.
The
space
moreouer
of
the
ground
that
is
to
be
obserued
for
the
ouerthwart
of
a
battell
,
that
is
,
from
one
ranke
to
another
,
that
they
may
be
able
to
manage
themselues
with
their
pikes
aswell
in
marching
as
in
fighting
in
maine
battell
,
no
lesse
then
seauen
foote
is
obserued
from
one
ranke
to
another
.
Moreouer
to
the
intent
he
may
more
commodiously
march
with
his
pike
on
his
shoulder
,
the
ground
would
be
no
lesse
then
of
ten
foote
,
which
is
two
pace
,
but
after
when
they
are
to
close
and
ioyne
more
straite
,
as
I
haue
said
before
,
of
7.
foote
:
in
such
sort
,
that
a
man
in
ranke
with
his
space
before
him
,
will
amount
to
held
vnto
the
other
ranke
,
ten
foote
,
which
is
two
pace
,
accounting
thrée
foote
of
ground
which
he
holds
with
his
person
,
and
the
other
7
foote
,
the
space
vnto
the
other
ranke
,
make
10
foote
.
Let
vs
then
presuppose
this
figure
or
example
:
That
he
is
to
make
a
battell
that
is
a
perfect
square
of
twentie
euery
way
,
we
must
count
how
much
ground
the
said
battell
will
take
in
circuite
,
and
sée
if
the
same
be
capable
of
the
number
of
Souldiours
,
which
are
appointed
to
be
put
and
set
in
battell
.
Our
rule
therefore
shall
holde
vpon
two
fides
,
that
is
,
vpon
the
fronte
and
the
backe
,
and
taile
of
the
battell
,
where
the
Souldiours
stand
shoulder
to
shoulder
,
in
60.
foote
,
which
is
12.
pace
,
for
both
sides
and
both
the
foresaid
sides
be
24.
pace
.
The
other
two
sides
which
be
the
flankes
of
the
said
battell
,
where
the
space
is
left
betwixt
one
ranke
and
an
other
of
seauen
foote
,
and
therefore
the
person
of
the
souldier
which
is
séene
one
with
an
other
,
in
such
sorte
that
the
battell
which
is
to
be
made
of
20
Souldiours
for
euery
side
,
a
perfect
square
of
people
,
but
not
a
perfect
square
of
ground
:
forasmuch
as
two
sides
will
be
12.
pace
on
a
side
,
which
in
both
comes
to
24.
pace
:
the
other
two
will
be
for
euery
side
40.
pace
,
which
is
80
pace
,
and
so
hauing
ioyned
vnto
the
same
24.
pace
,
it
will
bee
round
about
the
said
battell
of
20
Souldiours
on
a
side
104.
pace
,
which
is
520.
foote
of
circumference
of
ground
,
and
so
alwaies
this
order
is
to
be
obserued
,
not
that
you
are
to
take
a
corde
or
a
rod
,
or
pace
,
to
measure
the
distance
of
the
said
battell
,
but
by
racke
of
eye
by
your
witte
and
discretion
consider
this
measure
,
for
whether
it
be
more
or
lesse
,
it
little
imports
.
It
dooth
suffice
that
you
obserue
a
certaine
discretion
,
that
may
come
to
the
marke
I
haue
written
,
if
it
doe
not
light
iust
at
leastwise
néere
the
bounds
and
measure
I
haue
set
downe
.
Now
since
we
haue
put
this
figure
and
example
of
a
perfect
square
battel
of
people
,
but
not
of
ground
for
20.
souldiers
,
we
wil
speak
of
an
other
forme
or
figure
,
somewhat
differing
or
disagréeing
from
such
like
battels
,
and
yet
for
all
that
of
the
same
number
of
twentie
Souldiours
,
for
euery
side
in
perfect
square
,
the
which
is
square
of
people
&
of
ground
,
as
some
doe
vse
to
make
,
as
may
appeare
in
a
battell
of
400.
Souldiours
,
square
in
ground
and
people
:
the
which
being
in
this
forme
,
hath
for
space
of
ground
about
in
circumference
800.
foote
,
which
is
160.
pace
.
This
is
sufficient
to
remember
you
of
the
manner
that
is
obserued
in
the
distance
and
measure
in
the
circumference
of
the
battell
.
And
now
returning
to
my
discourse
of
one
ranke
from
another
,
when
the
Souldiours
are
ioined
&
closed
in
battell
with
their
pikes
,
&
when
they
stand
in
terme
to
fight
,
to
me
it
séemes
,
that
then
in
that
accident
,
the
battell
is
to
close
and
ioyne
as
straight
together
as
is
possible
,
in
such
sort
as
they
may
manage
and
bestir
themselues
with
their
weapons
,
without
being
an
impediment
one
to
another
,
to
the
intent
that
the
rankes
being
straite
in
fighting
,
or
that
the
souldiors
be
inuaded
by
their
enemies
,
or
that
they
recoile
by
force
of
an
onset
,
they
néed
not
to
fal
to
the
ground
,
but
rather
that
they
may
by
those
ranks
that
bee
behinde
their
backes
receiue
helpe
,
that
vndersetting
them
with
their
brests
,
they
may
hold
them
straight
vp
vpon
their
féete
.
And
this
is
not
onely
my
opinion
,
but
of
diuers
other
mos●…
excellent
wits
.
The
other
rule
of
the
distance
of
seauen
foote
from
ranke
to
●…anke
,
which
we
haue
spoken
of
,
is
meant
of
marching
and
the
managing
and
exercising
of
a
battell
,
to
the
intent
the
soldiors
may
receiue
exercise
&
discipline
in
the
said
battell
,
in
the
which
alwaies
the
foresaid
order
of
measure
&
distance
is
to
be
obserued
,
to
the
intent
that
the
Sergeant
&
the
other
heads
which
do
gouerne
them
,
may
the
more
comodiously
manage
and
enter
in
and
out
through
the
space
of
the
said
ranks
.
How
battels
of
euery
number
of
footmen
are
compounded
and
placed
together
in
order
.
MAny
&
sundry
be
the
waies
which
be
obserued
in
compounding
together
the
battels
of
footmen
,
but
I
verely
thinke
that
the
most
expedient
&
short
way
amongst
practised
soldiors
is
in
these
two
sorts
:
that
is
the
one
to
ioyne
together
the
battel
with
diuided
maniples
,
and
the
other
to
double
the
ranks
of
the
aray
.
The
sergeant
Maior
,
Captaine
,
or
other
Sergeant
,
hauing
first
determined
in
his
minde
of
how
many
men
in
a
ranke
he
will
make
his
battell
,
knowing
first
the
number
of
the
pikes
that
are
to
be
had
:
so
making
of
one
company
,
as
he
may
do
of
many
one
onely
battell
:
&
procéeding
to
make
the
battell
in
which
of
the
●…
waies
he
list
,
either
by
parting
it
into
maniples
,
or
by
doubling
the
ranks
.
It
is
therefore
first
requisite
,
to
set
the
footmen
in
aray
that
are
to
be
found
there
present
,
numbring
all
the
pikes
,
and
accomodating
the
araye
in
such
sort
that
the
battell
may
afterwards
be
made
withall
spéed
,
and
that
it
may
serue
the
turne
,
for
either
of
those
two
waies
,
as
I
haue
said
.
It
is
necessarie
therefore
to
know
the
place
where
the
battell
is
to
be
set
,
and
to
take
care
that
there
be
so
much
space
as
may
be
capable
thereof
,
knowing
the
rules
of
distance
,
which
is
vsed
in
warfare
that
is
,
how
much
ground
the
Souldiours
hold
from
shoulder
to
shoulder
,
and
how
much
distance
is
left
betwixt
ranke
and
ranke
of
pikes
.
But
touching
the
measure
I
néed
to
speake
no
more
,
for
that
the
officer
may
measure
the
ground
by
pases
:
yet
I
would
commend
a
Souldiour
that
is
of
such
discretion
,
that
of
himselfe
can
accomodate
those
things
by
racke
of
eye
,
without
such
precise
trouble
in
measuring
the
grounde
.
And
if
a
battell
require
300.
paces
in
circumference
,
hee
by
racke
of
his
eye
maye
sée
whether
the
place
bee
capable
or
no
,
noting
that
the
rules
to
put
the
distance
of
ranckes
,
is
made
for
this
other
respect
,
which
is
of
much
more
importance
,
that
the
rankes
of
the
battell
may
fight
without
any
impediment
of
the
Souldiers
,
foreséeing
that
euerie
third
ranke
may
succour
the
first
with
their
pikes
:
and
speaking
of
battels
you
must
euer
thinke
that
I
speake
of
pikes
,
for
battels
are
neuer
made
of
hargabusiers
:
it
is
verie
true
that
hauing
made
the
battels
of
pikes
,
you
may
accommodate
them
afterwards
as
you
list
about
the
battels
,
by
the
flankes
in
the
corners
&
hornes
,
or
betwixt
one
pike
and
another
of
the
formost
rankes
of
the
battell
,
or
in
such
other
sundry
wayes
as
may
best
aid
and
helpe
the
battell
:
let
i●…
suffice
that
of
Hargabusiers
there
is
neuer
any
certaine
rule
set
downe
,
but
euer
is
to
be
vnderstood
of
the
order
of
pikes
in
battell
:
of
the
which
two
wayes
,
where
I
speake
how
a
battell
must
be
made
wel
and
spéedily
,
I
will
endeuour
my selfe
to
let
you
vnderstand
the
way
the
best
I
can
.
Desiring
therefore
to
worke
by
the
first
way
I
haue
spoken
of
:
that
is
,
to
make
any
battell
by
maniples
,
if
it
be
to
be
made
of
any
one
company
alone
,
let
it
be
of
what
number
soeuer
of
footmen
,
it
is
first
requisite
to
set
the
aray
with
intent
to
diuide
it
into
thrée
parts
,
that
is
to
say
,
into
3.
maniples
,
which
may
be
iust
of
as
many
rankes
one
as
another
,
in
the
which
maniples
,
you
ought
by
numbring
the
rankes
of
the
pikes
,
cause
the
Ensignes
of
the
said
aray
to
kéepe
one
ranke
like
vnto
the
pikes
,
and
this
is
obserued
when
the
thrée
maniples
be
vneuen
:
that
is
to
say
,
that
two
of
them
should
chance
to
be
of
20.
ranks
,
and
the
3.
of
19.
or
18.
rankes
,
and
then
the
Ensignes
shal
be
numbred
for
one
ranke
:
but
alwayes
the
other
two
maniples
are
to
be
of
iust
number
,
as
for
example
.
There
is
a
company
of
300.
pikes
,
the
which
if
you
desire
to
put
in
aray
before
you
make
your
battell
,
consider
how
many
ranks
they
will
be
5.
in
a
rank
,
and
you
shal
finde
them
to
be
60.
ranks
:
diuide
the
aray
into
3.
parts
,
cutting
them
off
at
euery
20.
ranks
,
and
after
draw
vp
to
the
first
ranke
the
second
part
,
that
is
,
the
maniple
of
the
middest
,
and
ioyne
in
order
the
first
ranke
to
the
head
of
the
first
maniple
,
the
which
being
on
the
right
hand
of
the
maniple
with
the
Ensignes
,
you
shal
draw
then
the
3.
maniple
to
the
left
side
,
ioyning
the
first
rankes
to
the
head
of
the
other
two
maniples
:
so
that
the
aray
hauing
bene
of
fiue
for
a
ranke
,
the
battel
shal
be
one
way
15.
and
the
other
way
of
20.
pikes
.
Now
desiring
to
haue
the
battell
to
be
more
large
in
the
front
,
then
in
the
flankes
,
the
which
I
commend
,
of
what
number
soeuer
the
pikes
are
of
,
he
shall
cause
the
Sergeant
to
go
to
the
flank
where
he
would
make
the
front
,
and
standing
still
a
little
distance
forth
of
the
battel
,
he
shal
crie
aloud
,
Turne
your
faces
this
way
,
the
which
being
heard
of
the
souldiers
,
sodainly
they
shall
turne
them selues
towards
that
side
which
he
shall
giue
them
notice
of
.
Obserue
then
this
order
at
all
times
:
when
you
haue
made
a
battell
,
let
the
pikes
be
of
what
number
soeuer
,
let
it
suffice
that
I
aduertise
you
,
that
at
al
times
when
you
list
to
make
the
front
where
the
flanke
is
,
so
that
the
place
where
you
would
make
it
be
capable
and
commodious
,
that
you
may
frame
and
make
the
battell
according
to
your
determination
,
you
must
cause
them
to
turne
their
faces
towards
that
side
where
you
would
haue
the
front
of
the
battell
to
be
.
I
iudge
it
good
likewise
to
aduertise
you
,
that
desiring
to
make
any
battell
with
maniples
,
for
that
it
oftentimes
fals
out
,
that
some
rankes
in
the
aray
do
remaine
vnperfite
,
which
are
called
broken
rankes
:
these
are
taken
out
&
are
accommodated
about
at
the
sides
of
the
Ensignes
,
so
diuided
neuerthelesse
that
they
may
remaine
in
good
order
.
The
which
Ensignes
,
alwayes
when
you
make
any
battell
,
you
must
haue
respect
that
they
may
haue
a
large
roome
and
space
,
that
they
may
accommodate
themselues
with
the
souldiers
,
which
make
the
broken
number
,
as
for
example
in
aray
of
fiue
and
fiue
in
a
ranke
,
in
the
last
ranks
there
remaines
3.
or
4.
souldiers
,
which
do
not
furnish
out
the
full
ranke
.
And
the
like
is
to
be
obserued
when
you
are
to
part
your
aray
into
3.
maniples
,
and
that
they
haue
some
rankes
more
then
the
entire
and
full
aray
.
As
would
fall
out
hauing
to
make
an
aray
of
500.
pikes
,
and
put
the
case
that
you
would
place
them
7.
and
7.
in
a
ranke
,
they
would
fall
out
to
be
71.
rankes
,
and
3.
pikes
more
:
and
diuiding
into
thrée
parts
these
71.
pikes
and
3.
pikes
,
they
amount
to
23.
rankes
,
doubling
the
3.
maniples
,
as
I
haue
said
,
so
that
3.
times
23.
makes
69.
rankes
,
and
there
is
ouer
and
besides
two
rankes
of
the
aray
and
3.
pikes
,
which
is
in
all
the
broken
number
17.
pikes
,
which
in
making
of
the
battell
,
must
be
set
aside
by
themselues
,
vntil
the
3.
maniples
be
ioyned
in
battell
,
the
which
on
one
side
will
be
23.
pikes
,
&
on
the
other
21.
The
17.
pikes
then
that
are
taken
out
,
shal
be
accommodated
,
diuided
here
&
there
where
the
Ensignes
stand
.
And
when
it
fals
out
that
there
doth
arise
to
be
pikes
or
broken
rankes
,
that
are
so
many
as
were
able
to
make
a
whole
ranke
in
the
battel
,
then
it
is
to
be
made
,
ioyning
it
either
before
or
behind
the
Ensignes
,
or
at
the
flankes
of
the
battell
,
or
where
it
shal
fal
out
to
be
best
,
for
it
imports
not
much
:
and
so
you
work
by
this
rule
of
maniples
,
in
one
companie
alone
as
well
as
with
many
.
And
hauing
to
make
a
battell
of
sundrie
companies
,
the
true
rule
is
to
work
by
these
maniples
,
and
you
must
procéed
in
this
sort
.
First
take
order
with
all
the
heads
of
the
companies
,
that
they
frame
all
their
order
of
aray
in
one
manner
and
sort
,
&
if
any
of
the
said
heads
haue
any
greater
number
of
pikes
then
his
commission
doth
allow
,
let
him
take
them
forth
&
giue
them
in
supplie
to
those
Captaines
that
are
found
to
haue
lesse
then
he
hath
appointed
for
their
aray
.
Let
vs
then
vse
this
example
in
this
sort
,
that
is
,
that
if
there
be
found
in
companie
or
in
any
other
place
,
vnder
the
gouernment
of
ten
Captaines
,
to
the
number
of
3.
thousand
souldiers
in
aray
,
that
is
to
say
,
only
pikes
,
after
the
rate
of
thrée
hundred
vnder
euerie
Captaine
,
being
iust
3000.
of
which
the
Sergeant
Maior
hauing
to
make
a
battaillon
must
do
in
this
sort
.
He
must
giue
order
to
all
the
Sergeants
of
the
bands
,
that
they
make
all
their
araies
after
one
sort
,
&
after
one
number
,
and
the
one
head
or
front
being
distant
from
the
other
a
little
,
he
shall
cause
their
arayes
to
march
,
and
let
vs
put
the
case
that
the
Sergeant
Maior
haue
giuen
them
order
,
that
they
place
themselues
sixe
and
sixe
,
there
will
be
in
euerie
companie
50.
rankes
,
and
so
it
is
néedfull
that
euerie
one
haue
put
their
aray
6.
and
6.
in
50.
rankes
,
and
desiring
to
ioyne
and
close
these
battels
,
he
shal
cause
these
companies
to
march
one
after
an
other
,
&
shall
close
them
togither
,
ioyning
the
first
rankes
to
the
head
of
the
aray
one
of
another
,
knitting
the
maniples
to
their
portion
:
and
this
battell
will
fall
out
to
be
on
one
side
50.
pikes
,
which
wil
be
flanks
,
and
the
other
which
wil
be
the
front
,
wil
be
of
60.
pikes
,
for
so
much
as
being
10.
maniples
,
6.
in
a
rank
,
it
wil
fal
out
to
be
iust
,
as
I
haue
said
before
:
to
make
it
a
right
square
,
it
wil
be
of
54.
on
euery
side
remaining
out
of
the
battel
84
,
which
at
pleasure
may
be
put
in
ranke
,
&
so
taking
54.
out
of
84
,
there
remaines
30.
pikes
,
which
being
not
able
to
make
a
ranke
,
are
to
be
placed
about
the
Ensignes
,
as
I
haue
said
before
.
There
be
othersome
,
that
hold
this
other
manner
in
making
of
battels
,
to
double
the
ranks
,
that
is
,
hauing
set
his
araie
,
and
marching
with
them
,
they
begin
at
the
head
of
the
aray
,
where
the
Sergeant
staying
,
doth
cause
them
to
march
forward
,
and
the
first
beginning
to
passe
,
doth
appoint
the
second
that
it
ioyne
it selfe
with
the
first
,
and
so
the
third
with
the
fourth
.
And
finally
the
ray
going
forward
,
doth
cause
the
rankes
to
double
two
by
two
:
so
that
if
first
the
ranke
were
9.
and
9.
they
arise
to
be
18.
in
a
ranke
.
And
desiring
to
make
them
more
large
,
he
may
put
3.
rankes
in
one
,
which
will
be
27.
in
a
ranke
,
and
so
he
may
double
them
to
what
number
he
wil
,
and
of
as
many
ranks
as
he
will
,
but
it
is
requisite
before
he
make
his
aray
,
to
consider
well
how
many
pikes
he
hath
,
and
afterward
accommodating
his
aray
to
his
appointed
number
,
that
by
doubling
it
by
two
or
thrée
rankes
,
it
may
become
as
square
as
is
possible
,
neither
is
he
to
do
it
without
this
consideration
,
for
otherwise
working
by
haphazard
,
it
fals
out
to
be
euill
fauoured
,
to
be
by
halfe
more
long
then
large
,
and
sometimes
double
:
But
it
is
first
necessarie
for
him
to
number
the
rankes
of
the
aray
,
and
consider
if
doubling
two
rankes
at
a
time
,
it
will
fall
out
to
be
well
,
or
better
to
double
it
thrée
at
a
time
.
And
this
must
be
well
considered
,
for
otherwise
he
shall
make
and
vnmake
to
his
great
disgrace
.
Therefore
now
I
conclude
,
that
the
first
way
is
euer
best
&
most
readie
without
toile
or
trouble
in
doubling
and
redoubling
:
So
that
helping
your
memorie
with
certain
Tablei
or
Tariffas
made
of
purpose
to
know
the
numbers
of
the
souldiers
that
are
to
enter
into
ranke
,
and
what
number
of
rankes
will
performe
the
iust
square
,
you
can
neuer
erre
,
but
vpon
any
sodaine
,
set
in
battell
any
number
of
souldiers
whatsoeuer
.
THE
FOVRTH
BOOK
OF
MILITARIE
DIRECTIONS
,
ENTREATING
OF
THE
OFFICES
APpertaining
to
the
Generall
of
Horsemen
,
the
Scout
master
,
and
the
office
of
the
Marshall
of
the
Field
.
And
first
of
the
office
of
the
Lieutenat
or
Generall
of
the
Horsmen
.
THe
Maine
squares
of
all
sorts
of
battels
receiue
great
safetie
&
accomplish
worthy
seruice
by
the
companies
of
the
couragious
Cauallarie
,
chie●…ie
when
their
bands
be
guided
by
those
that
be
of
perfite
experience
and
of
approued
practise
in
armes
,
whereas
the
contrarie
effect
doth
follow
,
being
directed
by
light
heads
,
and
such
as
onely
make
profession
,
but
of
cleane
and
gallant
riding
,
or
to
run
in
comly
order
with
a
Lance
vpon
the
euen
grauell
&
sand
.
And
therefore
this
officer
,
that
hath
vnder
his
charge
all
the
horsemen
of
the
fielde
,
as
the
Hargalateares
,
Lighthorsemen
,
Lances
,
and
men
at
Armes
,
or
barded
horses
seruing
to
breake
into
a
battallion
of
Pikes
,
or
to
backe
other
horsemen
being
repulsed
,
must
be
a
personage
of
singular
courage
,
industry
and
experience
,
that
he
may
be
able
worthily
to
performe
his
Lieutenant
and
Generalship
.
And
albeit
I
meane
not
in
this
place
particularly
to
entreat
of
the
seuerall
charges
of
euerie
Captaines
duetie
,
yet
thus
much
I
thought
good
to
note
that
a
Captain
of
a
hundreth
men
at
armes
,
may
be
compared
with
a
Collonel
of
footemen
,
&
other
Captaines
of
lightorsemen
,
with
the
Captaines
of
footemen
,
subiect
to
the
Collonel
:
and
as
it
is
the
part
of
the
Collonell
,
to
haue
a
special
regard
to
the
arming
,
lodging
and
training
of
his
footemen
,
so
is
it
the
duetie
of
the
Captaine
of
men
at
Armes
to
foresée
,
that
neither
they
be
disfurnished
of
their
horse
and
armour
,
with
other
necessarie
,
nor
yet
vntrained
in
all
such
Militarie
exercises
,
as
to
their
profession
is
agréeable
.
This
Lieutenant
must
discypher
the
election
of
the
appointed
captaines
,
whether
they
be
méete
for
such
a
charge
,
or
vsurpe
the
same
by
fauour
,
and
to
aduértise
the
Generall
of
the
armie
therof
,
that
he
may
remoue
the
one
and
place
others
of
sufficient
experience
.
He
must
likewise
ouersée
the
actions
of
these
captaines
,
and
giue
them
great
charge
for
the
training
of
their
bands
,
and
set
down
an
order
in
what
sort
,
in
what
place
and
time
they
shal
practise
and
exercise
their
companies
:
amongst
whom
if
he
finde
any
default
of
furniture
or
otherwise
,
let
him
make
certificate
thereof
to
the
Generall
or
high
marshall
,
that
the
same
may
be
redressed
.
For
the
better
performance
whereof
,
immediatly
after
he
enters
into
his
charge
,
let
him
kéepe
a
booke
and
roll
of
al
the
bands
committed
to
his
gouernement
,
with
the
names
of
their
Captaines
&
officers
,
and
to
examine
and
peruse
whether
they
containe
their
full
number
of
men
,
and
be
sufficiently
furnished
with
horse
,
armour
,
cassocks
,
péeces
,
lances
,
with
their
Pennons
of
their
Captaines
colours
,
guidons
,
trumpets
,
&
such
like
necessaries
as
appertaines
to
their
warlike
profession
,
otherwise
to
procure
supply
.
Let
him
dispose
his
seueral
sorts
of
weapons
&
horsmen
into
seueral
troups
by
themselues
,
the
barbed
horses
in
one
part
,
the
lances
in
another
,
the
light
horsemen
in
another
:
the
hargabusiers
likewise
seueral
from
the
rest
,
&
herein
he
doth
resemble
the
Sergeant
maior
,
for
that
he
is
to
be
directed
from
the
General
or
high
marshal
,
euen
as
he
,
to
dispose
these
bands
according
to
their
order
&
resolution
.
The
Lieutenant
must
appoint
which
bands
of
horse
shal
go
to
the
watch
,
to
be
vantcouriers
,
and
to
scoure
the
passages
,
&
must
accordingly
prouide
that
they
which
watch
the
night
may
rest
the
next
day
&
night
,
&
others
that
haue
rested
supply
their
places
,
in
such
sort
,
that
fresh
men
may
alwaies
be
supplied
in
their
places
,
&
the
wearied
to
take
their
rest
,
for
neither
man
nor
horse
,
without
their
conuenient
rest
can
continue
any
long
time
.
So
soone
as
the
trumpet
shal
sound
in
the
morning
,
to
make
ready
to
horse
,
he
shal
forth
with
repaire
to
the
Generals
tent
to
know
his
pleasure
,
&
then
immediatly
to
set
forth
his
Generals
Standerd
,
&
cause
al
the
horsemen
forth
with
to
repaire
to
that
place
,
&
as
euery
captaine
shal
come
,
he
shal
cause
them
to
put
their
bands
euery
one
after
his
standard
or
guidon
,
into
a
certain
number
of
rankes
,
that
the
said
Lieutenant
may
redily
at
any
sodain
draw
forth
any
number
of
any
sort
of
horsemen
that
he
shal
be
required
by
the
General
or
high
marshall
.
In
the
morning
he
must
giue
notice
&
warning
to
such
horsmen
as
he
entendeth
shal
watch
the
night
ensuing
,
to
the
intent
they
may
féed
&
spare
their
horses
that
day
,
&
likewise
rest
themselues
,
that
they
may
the
better
be
able
to
do
such
seruice
,
as
they
shal
the
night
following
be
enioyned
.
When
the
high
marshal
goeth
to
view
the
ground
to
encampe
vpon
,
it
is
this
Lieutenants
dutie
to
select
a
conuenient
band
to
attend
vpon
his
person
,
and
to
appoint
such
a
company
as
may
afterward
take
their
rest
,
and
féede
their
horses
til
such
time
as
he
shal
deliuer
them
to
the
scout
master
at
night
,
who
then
shal
enioyne
them
what
to
do
all
the
night
after
,
&
shal
also
deliuer
them
the
watchword
.
This
Lieutenant
,
as
a
coadiutour
to
the
lord
Marshall
and
Sergeant
maior
,
ought
all
the
day
whiles
the
battels
march
,
diligently
to
note
the
orders
of
euerie
band
,
&
if
he
sée
any
disorder
,
forth
with
to
send
for
the
Captaine
,
&
cause
him
immediatly
to
sée
it
redressed
.
At
night
when
the
army
entreth
into
the
campe
,
the
Litutenant
shall
still
cause
the
horsemen
to
kéepe
the
field
,
vntil
al
the
footmen
be
encamped
,
then
may
he
enter
with
his
bands
of
horse
orderly
,
causing
first
one
band
to
enter
&
all
the
rest
to
kéepe
the
fielde
,
&
when
they
haue
their
conuenient
place
,
then
another
band
to
enter
,
and
so
orderly
to
place
themselues
,
wherin
the
Lieutenant
is
to
foresee
that
the
last
bands
be
not
worst
lodged
,
but
such
conuenient
place
left
,
as
they
haue
no
iust
cause
to
complaine
:
and
this
is
to
be
obserued
in
places
of
suspect
,
otherwise
they
may
lodge
abrode
amongst
the
Uillages
for
their
greater
ease
.
Let
him
giue
order
that
the
Couriers
&
scourers
come
not
out
of
the
field
,
till
the
trumpet
sound
to
the
watch
at
night
,
nor
then
neither
,
vntil
such
time
as
they
shall
perceiue
the
scout
&
Sentinel
,
to
be
come
from
the
camp
,
&
to
haue
taken
their
places
in
the
field
:
then
may
they
returne
into
the
Campe
.
It
is
his
part
likewise
to
assigne
a
sufficient
number
of
horse
to
attend
on
the
forrage
master
,
to
gard
&
defend
the
forragiers
,
which
horsemen
must
not
come
out
of
the
field
vntil
al
the
forragers
be
returned
to
the
camp
with
the
forrage
master
.
Then
shal
these
horsemen
rest
&
not
watch
,
neither
that
night
,
nor
go
forth
for
vauntcourrier
al
the
next
day
.
He
must
appoint
a
reasonable
conuoy
of
horsmen
,
for
the
saftie
of
such
as
bring
victuals
to
the
campe
,
to
sée
that
no
violence
or
iniurie
be
offered
them
,
&
so
order
the
change
of
his
horse
in
these
seuerall
seruices
,
that
some
be
not
ouer
burthened
,
and
others
spared
ouermuch
,
but
the
matter
so
indifferently
vsed
,
that
men
haue
no
cause
to
murmure
or
repine
.
In
making
of
Roads
with
horsemen
onely
,
or
in
a
day
of
battell
,
he
must
send
out
the
Hargolateares
,
light
horsemen
&
such
like
to
discouer
,
or
to
begin
the
seruice
first
,
then
to
diuide
the
Lances
and
men
at
armes
into
diuers
troups
&
squadrons
,
and
with
such
distance
following
one
another
,
as
one
may
rescue
an
other
.
The
sides
of
these
massie
squadrons
should
haue
one
rank
of
Argolateares
,
a
pretie
distance
off
.
In
this
sort
if
one
squadron
happen
to
be
broken
,
yet
shal
another
make
head
vpon
the
enimie
,
while
they
may
retyre
&
troupe
againe
,
which
is
the
only
safetie
as
wel
of
Horsemen
as
footmen
:
And
albeit
in
the
day
of
seruice
it
is
the
part
of
the
high
marshall
himselfe
,
to
giue
order
in
what
sort
,
and
with
what
troupes
the
charges
shal
be
giuen
or
receiued
:
it
is
also
the
Lieutenants
part
as
well
to
giue
his
aduise
,
as
also
to
be
a
leader
in
all
these
actions
.
He
ought
therefore
to
take
great
regard
to
the
ground
where
he
meaneth
to
giue
the
charge
,
for
if
he
charge
in
troupe
,
the
falling
of
a
few
horse
in
the
for
most
rankes
may
disorder
and
foile
the
whole
troupe
.
Before
the
front
of
his
owne
footmen
let
him
neuer
giue
charge
,
for
it
hath
bin
séene
that
horsemen
being
repulsed
,
haue
bene
foreed
in
vpon
their
own
footmen
,
&
disordered
them
.
Let
the
horse
therefore
charge
vpon
the
flanke
of
the
enimie
,
and
diligently
attend
if
by
any
accident
they
can
perceiue
any
breaking
or
opening
in
the
side
of
his
enimies
battell
,
and
then
sodainly
to
charge
that
breach
:
for
as
horsemen
are
inferiours
to
wel
ordered
footmen
,
so
vpon
any
smal
disorder
,
they
carrie
with
them
victory
.
And
for
that
in
our
age
there
hath
arisen
diuers
&
fodaine
effects
not
looked
for
,
wrought
by
the
good
and
well
guiding
of
horsemen
,
I
thinke
it
good
somewhat
more
amplie
to
delate
vpon
this
point
:
specially
,
as
I
said
before
,
in
appointing
out
a
place
,
apart
from
the
battel
&
ranks
,
wherin
the
Cauallarie
may
be
ranged
:
to
the
intent
they
may
with
good
scope
fréely
and
fitly
turne
and
run
with
their
squadrons
and
ranks
in
charging
the
enimy
,
in
taking
charge
likewise
of
them
,
and
in
all
other
enterprises
,
considering
that
the
troopes
of
horsemen
in
retyring
or
turning
round
,
do
often
disorder
and
break
their
own
infanterie
,
either
through
the
discommoditie
of
the
place
,
or
through
the
want
of
the
good
and
warie
guiding
of
them
.
Contrariwise
at
other
times
,
by
their
aduised
and
spéedie
ser●…
,
a
small
number
of
horsemen
,
well
bent
and
better
guided
,
haue
bêene
séene
to
enter
very
couragiously
into
a
great
battaite
of
the
enimies
footemen
,
and
either
for
that
they
were
slenderly
flanked
with
Hargabuziers
,
or
by
the
disaduantage
of
the
ground
,
or
being
disordered
by
meanes
of
some
errour
,
or
through
some
other
sinister
chance
,
or
by
meanes
the
said
battaile
was
guided
by
vnequall
or
vncertaine
pase
,
or
through
the
naughtie
indeuor
and
diligence
of
rawe
and
vnpractised
souldiers
,
or
in
going
through
a
streight
place
or
passage
of
water
or
otherwise
,
horsemen
haue
easilie
disordered
and
broken
their
battailes
,
and
all
the
rest
of
a
whole
armie
.
But
yet
are
they
not
able
to
encounter
with
a
well
ordered
&
square
battell
of
pikes
,
if
their
couragious
and
well
ranged
rankes
keepe
their
araie
,
and
when
the
horsemen
charge
doe
clinge
and
sarrie
verie
néere
together
in
the
fore
rancke
,
and
set
shoulder
to
shoulder
with
their
pikes
well
couched
and
crossed
,
bending
them
in
both
their
handes
straight
before
them
,
and
their
followers
at
their
backes
,
laying
theyr
pikes
ouer
their
foregoers
shouldiers
,
and
so
stand
at
the
push
,
besides
the
shouldering
of
the
foreranks
together
,
hauing
pitched
their
pikes
vnder
one
of
their
feete
in
the
ground
,
they
stoope
and
bow
downe
so
loe
with
their
bodies
,
that
their
followers
may
easilie
come
to
seruice
behinde
their
backes
,
where
some
doe
vse
to
place
the
light
armed
pikes
,
who
amongst
some
nations
for
want
of
brest
plates
of
Iron
,
vse
tand
lether
,
paper
,
platecoates
,
iackets
,
&c.
For
a
gorget
,
thicke
folded
kerchefes
about
their
neck
,
a
scull
of
Iron
for
a
head
péece
,
and
a
Uenetian
or
lether
Shéeld
and
Target
at
their
backes
,
to
vse
with
their
short
Swordes
at
the
close
of
a
battaile
,
and
in
a
throng
.
The
squadron
of
pikemen
,
hauing
couched
and
crossed
their
pikes
brest
high
,
closely
sarred
together
,
are
as
hard
to
be
pearst
with
horsemen
,
as
an
angrie
Porcapine
or
Hedgehog
with
the
end
of
a
bare
finger
.
Wherefore
to
ouerthrowe
a
maine
square
battaile
planted
in
that
order
,
it
is
good
to
vse
the
aide
of
Hargolateares
,
who
must
first
scale
the
fronte
and
ranks
of
the
battels
,
and
then
being
seconded
by
the
lances
&
men
at
armes
,
breake
their
araie
and
whole
battaile
.
In
the
erecution
whereof
it
is
good
to
vse
the
Rutters
order
,
which
somewhat
differs
from
the
French
mans
fight
,
for
he
encountring
the
enemie
cannot
indure
any
troope
to
be
néere
his
long
stretched
ranckes
,
because
of
breaking
his
course
;
but
the
retire
fighteth
in
this
sort
.
When
the
retire
is
approched
néere
enough
vnto
the
enemie
,
the
first
ranke
dooth
aduance
vpon
them
,
and
when
he
hath
discharged
his
Pistolet
,
he
doth
run
still
in
forward
(
as
dooth
the
French
,
who
doth
still
pursue
his
point
)
but
more
short
on
the
right
hand
or
on
the
left
,
according
vnto
the
place
where
he
is
,
and
so
is
also
spéedely
followed
by
the
second
ranke
which
dooth
the
same
.
Then
the
third
followeth
the
second
,
to
giue
the
charge
as
soone
as
euer
he
séeth
him
departed
that
stood
before
him
:
all
the
rankes
following
one
another
in
such
maner
,
euen
vnto
the
last
,
the
hindermost
runneth
,
(
they
fighting
with
Pistolets
onely
)
for
to
come
vnto
their
foreriders
,
they
standing
all
along
one
at
anothers
backe
.
And
for
so
much
as
it
is
impossible
,
but
that
when
they
do
present
themselues
,
some
of
them
or
else
their
horses
be
slaine
:
Therefore
so
soone
as
euer
one
of
the
formost
ranke
is
séene
to
fall
downe
,
he
that
is
in
the
second
ranke
,
directly
behinde
him
that
is
departed
,
or
else
disabled
,
must
take
his
place
,
and
the
next
behind
him
in
the
third
ranke
,
must
furnish
the
same
voide
ranke
wherein
he
was
in
the
second
,
and
so
the
rest
in
like
order
,
so
that
they
alwaies
make
their
formost
rankes
of
the
most
assured
:
for
in
all
things
,
namely
in
●…eates
of
armes
)
the
beginning
is
of
greatest
moment
:
some
to
break
the
front
of
armed
pikes
do
vse
to
cause
the
men
at
armes
dismount
,
and
in
their
complet
armor
,
to
charge
them
with
their
launces
.
Some
others
hold
an
opinion
,
that
the
maner
of
the
Germans
is
best
,
who
kéepe
alwaies
their
maine
troopes
standing
,
&
cause
only
one
ranke
from
the
front
to
charge
,
&
the
same
being
repulsed
,
to
retire
to
the
taile
and
backe
of
the
standing
troope
,
&
then
an
other
to
charge
and
retire
to
the
taile
&
backe
,
as
the
former
,
whereby
they
maintaine
the
whole
troope
in
full
strength
,
vntil
they
sée
the
footmen
sway
or
breake
,
&
that
their
horsemen
enter
.
Then
presently
they
back
them
with
an
other
ranke
,
&
those
againe
with
an
other
,
vntill
they
sée
cause
either
to
follow
with
the
whole
troope
,
or
to
staie
:
&
this
is
thought
to
be
the
surest
and
most
orderly
forme
of
charging
of
all
others
:
notwithstanding
the
accustomed
whéeling
about
of
the
rutters
,
which
they
vse
with
their
whole
troopes
,
euery
one
after
an
other
,
giuing
the
enemie
a
volée
of
their
Pistolets
.
For
execution
of
iustice
on
such
as
are
offendors
in
any
bands
of
horsmen
:
albeit
in
some
countrie
it
be
vsed
,
that
euery
Captaine
of
an
hundred
men
at
armes
,
may
call
vnto
him
certaine
of
the
chéefe
of
his
band
,
and
heare
and
determine
all
causes
and
offences
by
any
of
his
bande
committed
,
yet
surelye
I
holde
it
more
conuenient
,
that
all
matters
concerning
life
be
harde
by
the
Lord
high
marshall
,
who
may
cause
to
sit
with
him
the
said
Captaine
,
whose
souldior
is
to
be
adiudged
,
and
such
other
of
the
said
band
as
to
him
shall
séeme
méete
,
and
the
souldiour
condemned
to
death
,
to
be
executed
by
the
said
band
,
euen
as
the
footmen
are
:
and
by
the
same
kind
of
weapons
that
the
offendors
vsed
.
In
conclusion
it
is
therefore
requisite
,
that
the
Cauallerie
be
stil
paide
,
punished
,
〈◊〉
kept
in
good
order
:
that
they
haue
sufficient
horses
,
armor
,
weapons
,
péece
,
and
launce
:
that
they
be
ready
in
all
exploits
,
both
in
Sentinels
,
Couriers
,
forrages
,
marching
vpon
theyr
gard
in
time
of
suspect
,
and
without
suspect
,
in
skirmish
and
in
fight
.
But
for
that
my
onely
meaning
was
to
set
downe
a
discourse
for
footmen
,
I
therefore
say
that
the
infantery
be
the
veines
for
warres
,
and
the
Cauallerie
the
flesh
.
Horsmen
be
likewise
good
to
make
couriers
or
roades
to
discouer
,
to
charge
with
spéed
vpon
the
enemies
back
or
flanke
:
to
make
an
imbuscade
in
a
roade
or
otherwise
,
(
which
are
rather
to
consist
of
ge●…dings
,
than
of
stoned
horses
,
for
doubt
of
naying
.
)
To
make
waye
&
force
a
passage
through
the
midst
of
the
enemies
with
money
or
munition
behind
them
,
for
the
succour
of
a
fortresse
besieged
,
for
the
passage
of
waters
,
in
breaking
the
course
of
the
water
,
for
the
more
easie
wading
through
of
the
footmen
,
to
pursue
the
enemie
that
is
put
to
flight
,
to
carry
and
conuey
secretly
behinde
them
footmen
,
both
with
péeces
and
pikes
,
who
ought
to
carrie
their
pikes
lowe
,
&
their
matches
close
,
vntill
in
this
sort
vndiscouered
,
they
become
vnto
the
place
appointed
:
For
these
and
such
like
exploits
horsemen
be
necessarie
in
a
Campe
,
being
a
great
commoditie
and
reputation
to
a
Prince
,
and
sharpe
spurs
to
a
well
ordered
armie
.
The
office
of
the
Scoute
maister
,
or
Maister
of
the
watch
.
THis
Officer
must
take
a
solemne
oath
to
be
true
and
iust
in
his
office
,
&
nightly
to
attend
vpon
the
General
,
to
receiue
the
watch
word
,
the
which
at
the
setting
of
the
watch
he
shal
〈◊〉
deliuer
vnto
the
Captaines
,
conferring
first
with
the
Sergeant
Maior
Generall
,
and
shall
diuers
times
prooue
the
same
watch
,
as
well
to
sée
if
they
sléepe
not
,
as
if
he
finde
them
in
such
fault
to
accuse
them
to
the
higher
officers
,
who
ought
to
appoint
theyr
punishment
according
to
the
tenor
of
the
articles
of
martial
lawes
.
He
ought
diligently
to
view
&
note
round
about
the
Campe
,
all
the
places
of
suspect
,
where
the
enemies
in
the
night
time
might
approch
,
that
he
may
accordingly
afterwards
dispose
of
his
Scoutes
,
and
therefore
he
should
attend
vpon
the
high
marshall
,
at
such
time
as
he
goeth
to
make
choise
of
a
méete
plat
to
incampe
on
,
and
then
to
speake
his
fancie
touching
the
conuenience
or
inconuenience
of
the
seat
,
in
respect
of
due
place
for
the
scouts
.
So
soone
as
the
Trumpet
soundeth
to
the
watch
at
night
,
he
must
immediatly
repaire
to
the
Lieutenant
of
the
horsemen
,
requesting
him
to
assigne
a
compotent
number
of
horsemen
to
attend
vpon
the
scoute
that
night
,
and
then
m●…st
hee
giue
them
charge
vpon
paine
of
death
,
that
none
of
them
abandon
theyr
places
,
vntill
the
discouerers
be
come
into
the
field
,
and
haue
taken
their
places
.
For
the
setting
of
the
watch
and
order
how
to
plant
the
same
,
peruse
my
two
first
bookes
of
directions
,
specially
in
the
Corporals
,
Sergeants
,
Lieutenants
,
and
Caualliers
of
S.
Georges
squadrons
orders
:
neuertheles
if
it
shall
be
thought
good
of
those
that
gouerne
,
this
maner
ensuing
may
now
and
then
be
vsed
.
First
he
shall
set
the
ring
watch
round
about
the
impalement
of
the
Campe
,
viz.
a
Halberd
or
Bill
,
a
Bowe
,
Hargabushe
or
Musket
,
and
a
Pike
,
and
euerie
one
a
pike
length
from
an
other
:
then
without
them
,
certaine
little
troopes
,
fiue
or
sixe
in
a
troope
,
of
footmen
of
different
weapons
,
vi
.
shot
,
pikemen
,
and
short
weapons
,
and
these
troopes
alwaies
to
send
foorth
a
couple
,
whereof
a
Hargubuzier
alwaies
to
be
one
,
and
these
to
prie
and
harken
what
they
can
discerne
.
Againe
without
this
foote
scout
,
other
small
troopes
of
horsemen
,
fiue
or
sixe
in
a
company
,
&
these
likewise
to
disperse
themselues
abroade
,
to
discouer
what
they
can
.
And
if
they
happen
to
sée
or
heare
any
thing
,
presently
to
report
the
same
to
the
foote
scoute
,
and
one
or
two
of
the
foote
scoutes
to
repaire
to
the
Scoutmaster
,
who
must
(
if
it
be
matter
of
importance
)
open
the
same
presently
to
the
high
Marshall
.
Besides
all
this
in
time
of
suspect
it
were
requisite
that
a
stand
watch
be
maintained
within
&
about
the
ordinance
,
but
because
that
appertaineth
not
to
the
scoutmaster
,
I
let
it
passe
.
It
is
requisite
in
the
long
cold
winter
nights
to
change
and
relieue
the
watch
at
euerie
houres
end
,
in
autumne
&
the
spring
,
at
the
end
of
an
houre
and
a
halfe
:
and
in
the
hoate
season
of
summer
at
two
houres
end
,
but
these
things
must
be
ordered
more
or
lesse
as
the
scoute
maister
and
other
principall
officers
shall
thinke
méete
,
for
the
better
preseruation
of
the
people
,
and
the
accomplishment
of
the
seruice
,
sending
forth
rounds
euerie
houre
.
In
the
morning
so
soone
as
the
trumpet
soundeth
to
the
reléefe
of
the
watch
,
he
must
repaire
to
the
sayd
Liuetenants
tent
,
there
to
receiue
by
his
assignement
,
a
conuenient
number
of
horsemen
to
scoure
that
day
,
and
then
shal
he
giue
order
vnto
some
,
to
ride
to
the
highest
hils
to
view
round
about
what
they
can
espie
,
and
others
to
the
valleys
and
other
obscure
passages
,
woods
,
or
such
like
,
and
to
ride
one
from
another
a
good
distance
:
so
as
if
one
chance
to
be
surprised
by
the
enemie
,
yet
the
rest
may
escape
,
and
bring
intelligence
therof
:
&
so
soone
as
the
scoutmaister
shall
receiue
any
aduertisment
by
the
Courriers
,
he
shall
forthwith
repaire
to
the
high
Marshall
,
and
informe
him
of
euery
particularitie
.
In
the
placing
of
his
night
watches
&
sentinels
,
he
must
vse
great
consideration
,
first
in
setting
his
little
troopes
or
bodies
of
the
watch
,
in
some
places
of
strength
,
so
as
they
may
be
able
,
when
the
enemie
shall
approach
,
to
make
resistance
,
and
defend
themselues
,
vntill
such
time
as
the
campe
may
put
themselues
in
armes
:
and
besides
these
troopes
,
he
shall
giue
order
that
two
or
thrée
shall
walke
foorth
one
waie
,
and
as
many
another
way
,
and
if
they
happen
to
sée
any
matches
light
,
or
heare
any
noyse
,
foorthwith
one
to
repaire
to
the
body
of
the
watch
,
and
so
to
the
scoutemaister
,
and
the
other
to
stay
till
they
can
more
plainely
perceiue
what
the
matter
is
.
And
it
shal
be
alwaies
good
to
match
some
Hargabuse
or
Musketeare
,
together
with
pikemen
,
as
well
that
they
may
be
the
better
able
to
defend
themselues
,
as
also
by
the
discharge
of
their
hargabuze
,
to
giue
warning
to
the
rest
,
if
any
of
them
should
happen
to
be
surprised
by
the
enemie
.
This
officer
ought
to
be
both
diligent
&
painefull
,
considering
how
great
a
charge
dependeth
vpon
these
scouts
,
no
lesse
than
the
preseruation
or
destruction
of
the
whole
campe
,
and
therefore
he
ought
continually
both
day
&
night
,
either
himselfe
in
person
,
or
by
some
other
of
great
trust
in
his
absence
,
from
time
to
time
,
to
peruse
and
examine
the
order
and
demeanour
of
these
Scoutes
and
courriers
,
giuing
order
for
reformation
of
all
that
he
shall
finde
amisse
,
and
so
soone
as
he
shall
receiue
any
intelligence
,
forthwith
to
aduertise
the
Lord
High
Marshall
.
This
officer
in
the
auncient
Romaine
warres
was
neuer
in
vse
,
for
they
would
neuer
admit
any
watch
without
the
trenches
of
their
campe
,
but
obserued
this
order
,
that
euery
night
one
third
part
of
the
armie
remained
armed
,
the
other
two
thirds
tooke
their
rest
:
and
this
armed
part
they
deuided
into
4
quarters
,
and
appointed
to
euerie
watch
of
the
night
one
quarter
,
which
went
and
walked
continually
about
the
trenches
of
the
Campe
,
to
heare
and
sée
if
they
could
discerne
any
noise
or
stirring
néere
the
Campe
:
the
other
thrée
quarters
resting
in
the
meane
time
returned
to
the
place
of
assemblie
.
And
when
the
first
watch
of
the
night
was
ended
,
then
departed
an
other
quarter
to
the
reléefe
of
the
watch
,
and
the
quarter
that
had
watched
returned
to
the
place
of
assemblie
.
And
thus
they
continued
reléeuing
the
watch
vntill
day
:
so
that
the
enemie
could
neuer
approch
their
campe
,
but
they
found
one
third
part
in
armes
,
who
were
able
to
kéepe
them
play
,
vntil
the
rest
had
put
themselues
in
order
.
But
after
that
Militarie
discipline
grew
to
corruption
,
&
that
souldiors
neglecting
honor
and
securitie
,
would
no
longer
abide
the
hardnesse
and
the
seueritie
of
the
auncient
discipline
,
they
inuented
this
kind
of
forren
scoute
,
that
the
paines
of
a
few
might
leaue
the
rest
at
ease
.
But
what
mischiefe
hath
and
may
thereby
ensue
,
histories
will
shew
vs
,
and
common
reason
may
soone
teach
vs
.
Therefore
in
time
of
danger
and
suspect
of
the
enemie
,
I
would
notwithstanding
the
forren
scoutes
and
left
sentinels
,
vse
this
Romaine
diuision
and
strong
order
of
watch
.
The
office
of
the
high
Marshall
of
the
field
,
or
maister
of
the
Campe
.
SUndry
famous
writers
affirme
,
that
a
Prince
dooth
no
lesse
execute
his
kingly
authoritie
&
dignitie
,
when
with
a
sincéere
iudgement
and
equall
ballance
,
he
dooth
chastise
offendors
,
and
oppresse
malefactors
:
then
when
by
good
gouerment
and
clemencie
herewardes
the
meritorious
,
and
exalts
and
raiseth
vp
those
that
be
good
.
Therefore
the
Knight
Marshall
of
the
field
,
being
created
with
entire
and
full
authority
in
his
office
,
ought
to
prouide
,
that
assured
iustice
be
ministred
in
the
armie
,
and
that
he
heare
and
determine
controuersies
,
and
punish
disorders
no
lesse
then
is
vsed
in
the
gouernment
of
a
well
ordered
cittie
,
state
or
kingdome
,
since
that
in
an
armie
there
commonly
be
such
men
of
excellent
qualitie
,
that
they
for
the
most
part
merit
the
gouernment
of
great
kingdomes
and
monarchies
.
For
this
respect
he
ought
to
prouide
himselfe
of
Auditors
and
Pret●…res
of
sufficient
excellencie
,
and
that
they
be
of
good
practise
,
learned
and
such
as
be
resolute
in
the
knowledge
and
rules
of
iustice
,
Neuerthelesse
conformable
to
the
stile
and
order
vsed
in
the
lawes
and
exercise
of
armes
,
and
that
can
thereby
vnderstand
,
decide
,
and
giue
sentence
,
touching
all
causes
and
martial
lawes
:
since
that
men
of
warre
are
not
bound
of
dutie
to
obserue
any
thing
,
but
that
which
is
ordained
them
of
their
Captaine
generall
,
being
principally
grounded
vpon
naturall
reason
,
and
the
same
to
be
published
by
open
proclamation
,
that
the
whole
campe
may
haue
notice
thereof
:
and
to
obserue
and
haue
in
reuerence
the
holy
Cannons
of
the
Catholike
Christian
lawes
,
the
which
in
respect
of
the
cause
,
and
casualties
of
death
,
is
chéefly
to
be
respected
.
He
must
prouide
himselfe
of
a
prouost
,
which
hath
knowledge
and
skill
in
that
profession
:
and
that
he
haue
about
him
a
conuenient
number
of
coadiutors
,
and
amongst
them
one
to
be
the
executor
of
iustice
.
It
is
very
requisite
he
take
order
,
that
the
said
prouost
with
his
folowers
&
familie
,
yea
euen
he
that
doth
execute
iustice
,
that
is
to
say
,
the
hangman
,
go
in
their
apparrell
ciuilly
and
not
abiectly
,
as
some
in
sundry
countries
are
accustomed
,
to
the
end
that
they
may
be
accounted
of
reputation
in
their
office
,
and
obeyed
as
of
dutie
is
conuenient
:
for
the
ciuilitie
of
habite
and
apparrell
amongst
the
greatest
part
of
people
,
carries
and
procures
a
certaine
credit
and
respect
,
although
besides
their
office
ought
publikely
to
bee
pronounced
with
a
generall
proclamation
vnder
paine
of
life
to
bee
obeyed
.
He
ought
to
prohibite
all
souldiors
,
except
the
sergeants
(
who
for
diuers
respects
ought
to
haue
their
weapons
at
hand
)
that
they
do
not
carrie
their
weapons
in
the
campe
,
at
what
time
so●…uer
as
pikes
,
halberds
,
muskets
,
or
caliuers
,
or
any
others
,
therby
to
preuent
and
auoid
as
much
as
may
be
,
the
slaughters
and
treasons
which
in
like
places
men
of
naughtie
nature
are
accustomed
to
worke
one
against
another
.
In
respect
whereof
it
is
necessary
for
him
to
banish
all
quarrels
,
&
by
all
possible
means
to
barre
the
rehearsall
and
pursuites
of
discords
in
time
of
war
,
the
which
carries
with
it
great
disquiet
and
hinderance
to
the
principall
intent
and
dutie
,
which
a
discréete
and
practised
souldiour
is
bound
vnto
:
for
there
hath
bin
found
many
which
haue
departed
from
their
owne
nations
,
cities
&
houses
,
and
followed
the
warres
,
not
with
minds
to
do
seruice
,
nor
to
become
expert
in
the
exercise
of
armes
,
neither
to
become
of
account
amongst
other
men
of
valoure
,
whereby
they
might
afterwards
merit
a
conformable
recompence
equall
to
their
vertue
and
valiancie
:
but
they
are
caried
thither
with
a
determination
to
liue
as
néere
as
they
can
licentiously
:
or
rather
to
kill
their
fathers
enemies
,
to
reuenge
some
priuate
quarrell
,
&c.
and
so
execute
traiterous
slaughters
,
in
place
of
obeying
and
susteining
iustice
,
whereas
it
is
the
part
of
all
good
souldiors
,
to
maintaine
the
due
execution
thereof
,
and
to
punish
the
contemners
.
Merchants
,
victualers
,
artificers
,
and
such
others
,
as
bring
wares
to
the
campe
,
he
must
take
order
that
they
be
courteously
&
fauourably
vsed
,
to
the
intent
that
they
may
vtter
their
wares
willingly
&
safely
,
foreséeing
that
they
be
paid
with
good
money
,
vsing
towards
them
a
louing
countenance
,
&
procuring
them
a
conuoy
&
sufficient
gard
,
as
well
for
their
comming
as
for
their
departing
,
to
the
intent
they
may
with
good
wils
,
be
occasioned
to
returne
the
more
spéedely
,
&
so
remaine
altogether
satisfied
,
without
suspect
of
being
robbed
or
spoiled
of
théeues
and
flibutors
,
for
which
he
ought
diligently
&
sufficiently
to
prouide
,
since
that
by
their
meanes
an
armie
is
made
abundant
of
all
things
propre
,
commodious
and
necessary
.
Furthermore
he
must
make
and
set
reasonable
prises
vpon
the
victuals
,
in
such
sort
as
the
souldiors
be
not
taxed
and
pinched
,
neither
the
victuallers
so
vsed
but
that
they
may
be
honest
gainers
(
which
I
meane
of
things
necessarie
)
as
bread
,
béere
,
corne
&
wine
,
with
such
like
:
but
touching
other
things
lesse
necessarie
,
he
must
suffer
them
to
sell
as
they
can
,
that
is
to
say
,
all
sort
of
stuffe
&
cloth
for
garments
,
sadles
,
&
furniture
for
horses
,
spicerie
,
armor
,
and
such
like
merchandize
.
After
that
he
hath
verie
well
consulted
,
and
taken
aduise
(
being
accompanied
with
worthy
Caualliers
and
old
souldiers
of
sound
iudgement
)
and
hath
visited
,
oueruewed
,
wel
discouered
&
considered
of
al
plots
and
places
where
the
campe
is
to
lodge
or
be
planted
,
he
must
with
great
reason
&
iudgement
depart
the
lodgings
&
quarters
,
as
I
haue
séene
duely
obserued
vnder
Do●…
Iohn
of
Austria
and
the
Prince
of
Parma
.
When
the
campe
is
to
make
long
abode
in
any
place
,
he
ought
with
a
capable
&
conuenient
diuision
measure
the
same
,
either
by
view
of
eye
,
by
cord
or
other
ingenious
order
,
after
an
experimented
sort
&
good
iudgment
,
as
partly
appeares
by
figure
hereafter
ensuing
.
The
Artilerie
,
munition
and
victuals
must
be
lodged
in
the
strongest
and
safest
place
of
the
camp
,
euery
one
of
them
hauing
their
ordinarie
gard
.
Let
him
haue
a
vigilant
respect
that
about
the
munition
and
pouder
,
there
be
no
fire
made
,
neither
any
hargabusiers
or
light
matches
approch
néere
vnto
the
same
,
but
such
souldiers
as
are
armed
with
other
sorts
of
weapons
,
as
pikes
,
halberds
&c.
to
auoid
the
perillous
scandale
of
fire
.
Then
must
he
appoint
out
and
ordaine
quarter
by
quarter
,
and
specially
that
euerie
Nation
may
haue
a
commodious
plot
of
ground
for
an
assembly
or
an
Alarme
,
the
which
continually
ought
to
be
void
,
and
not
occupied
of
any
qualitie
of
person
,
but
garded
both
day
and
night
with
a
good
Corps
de
gard
,
for
their
securitie
.
Note
that
the
said
place
of
armes
be
so
lotted
out
in
●…uerie
quarter
,
that
from
thence
the
front
towards
the
enimie
,
may
be
commodiously
succoured
,
and
that
souldiers
may
conuey
themselues
thither
with
all
expedition
,
togither
with
their
Ensignes
,
&
there
to
range
themselues
in
battel
:
&
therfore
this
place
ought
principally
to
be
capable
of
such
effects
,
&
either
by
nature
or
art
,
to
be
repaired
&
strengthened
with
trenches
,
towards
the
face
&
front
of
the
enimie
,
prouided
that
the
souldiers
be
not
pest●…red
for
want
of
roome
,
nor
by
euerlarge
space
,
the
camp
not
sufficiently
fortified
:
&
therfore
must
he
haue
a
note
of
al
the
names
&
numbers
of
bands
of
horsemen
and
footemen
,
and
according
to
tha●…
proportion
,
cast
their
ground
and
scope
of
encamping
togither
with
all
their
munition
,
prouision
and
carriages
.
Encamping
with
an
armie
in
the
field
,
at
the
siege
of
a
town●…
&c.
I
haue
séene
quarters
for
euerie
nation
first
appointed
out
,
&
then
seuerally
euerie
band
lodged
in
forme
of
battell
,
the
pikes
in
the
midst
,
and
the
shot
in
the
flankes
,
and
at
the
head
of
euery
band
and
lodging
of
euery
company
,
the
Ensigne
planted
and
stucke
in
the
ground
,
towards
the
face
of
the
enimie
or
citie
,
hauing
an
equal
&
iust
propotion
of
ground
before
the
Ensignes
&
betwixt
them
&
the
trenches
,
to
range
themselues
in
battel
,
which
must
be
betwixt
the
Corps
de
gard
of
the
priuate
Ensignes
,
and
betwixt
the
other
generall
Corps
de
gard
for
the
whole
campe
,
whether
they
be
placed
in
trenches
,
or
otherwise
for
the
saftie
of
the
whole
campe
,
&
that
plot
of
ground
wherein
the
assembly
of
armes
is
to
be
:
but
these
directions
I
will
hereafter
set
downe
with
greater
diuersity
,
that
ech
man
may
make
choise
according
to
his
fancie
.
Moreouer
he
must
appoint
out
the
market
place
for
victuallers
&
merchants
,
in
a
large
,
safe
&
commodious
place
for
all
the
campe
.
He
must
likewise
appoint
out
for
euery
quarter
in
some
place
out
of
the
way
,
a
place
for
men
to
disburthen
nature
,
&
to
kill
cattle
&
beasts
,
&
for
victuallers
to
rost
meate
in
,
to
the
intent
that
the
rest
of
lodgings
may
be
kept
cleane
,
and
infection
of
aire
auoided
,
a
general
benefite
for
health
.
In
most
manner
of
encampings
,
he
must
so
diuide
the
quarters
as
euery
nation
may
be
placed
by
it selfe
,
and
euery
Collonel
by
himself
,
&
dispose
the
horsmen
&
footmen
distinctly
in
sunder
,
that
euery
quarter
may
haue
his
place
of
armes
,
&
market
place
for
victuals
:
touching
which
,
he
ought
to
take
great
care
of
equall
distribution
,
that
he
may
entertaine
&
gratifie
with
special
commodity
,
euery
nation
that
serues
in
the
army
.
And
that
not
only
euery
sort
of
weapon
haue
their
seueral
stréets
,
but
also
that
euery
quarter
&
company
in
the
campe
,
haue
his
seueral
charge
of
Artillery
.
It
is
most
necessarie
that
he
take
great
respect
to
lodge
the
army
in
a
strong
situation
,
whereunto
he
must
principally
haue
a
vigilant
eye
,
as
a
thing
that
consists
in
great
practise
,
long
experience
&
in
many
considerations
.
He
must
likewise
haue
respect
that
the
place
be
of
good
aire
,
&
that
aboue
al
things
there
be
good
store
of
water
&
springs
,
and
specially
of
wood
in
time
of
winter
.
Likewise
that
in
the
country
adioyning
,
frée
from
the
enimies
inuasion
&
danger
,
there
be
forage
for
horses
&
straw
for
the
souldiers
to
lie
vpon
&
make
their
cabbines
withal
,
&
that
the
ground
be
sandie
or
drie
where
they
encampe
,
&c.
Touching
al
the
conditions
belonging
to
encamping
,
he
must
take
a
very
speciall
●…
circumspect
care
,
taking
view
of
the
same
diuers
&
many
times
with
great
consideration
.
It
belongs
vnto
him
likewise
to
learne
out
and
know
the
most
commodious
way
,
that
is
most
fit
&
expedient
for
the
armie
to
march
&
be
conducted
through
,
whether
it
be
in
the
ordinarie
&
high
way
,
or
ouerthwart
&
a
trauerse
the
countrie
,
and
that
they
do
march
that
way
whereas
the
passage
is
most
commodious
,
&
must
assigne
to
euery
battell
a
guide
or
two
to
conduct
them
the
best
and
most
easie
wayes
.
Let
him
prouide
that
the
Pioners
accommodate
&
make
easie
,
euerie
foule
way
,
strait
passage
&
encombrance
,
and
to
cleare
the
wayes
before
the
great
ordenance
:
whereupon
one
partie
must
attend
,
and
therein
to
performe
so
much
as
is
conuenient
,
without
hauing
respect
to
the
commoditie
or
losse
of
any
particular
person
,
or
to
the
preiudice
or
discommoditie
of
the
countrie
wherin
you
march
:
which
things
do
lesse
import
,
then
the
perill
,
the
hinderance
&
reputation
of
an
army
being
an
assembly
of
men
of
so
great
valour
&
importance
,
for
whom
the
Marshall
ought
alwayes
to
procure
with
al
possible
diligence
,
al
commodities
and
aduantage
to
kéepe
the
armie
in
reputation
,
and
to
maintaine
it
sound
&
lusty
,
to
the
intent
that
with
an
vndoubted
presage
the
Generall
may
promise
himselfe
victorie
in
due
time
and
place
.
Togither
with
the
other
aduertisements
,
for
the
commodity
&
enioying
of
victuals
&
merchandise
,
he
must
yet
further
care
to
lodge
his
armie
in
such
a
place
,
that
as
néere
as
is
possible
,
it
may
be
an
impediment
to
the
enimies
prouision
or
commodity
.
He
must
ordaine
that
the
footmen
and
horsemen
of
euery
nation
be
placed
&
diuided
in
such
sort
,
that
by
their
orderly
lodging
,
the
seat
of
the
campe
may
be
well
garded
,
easily
and
frankly
defended
.
Besides
this
,
it
is
necessarie
to
dispose
and
plant
the
Corps
de
gard
,
and
the
bodie
of
the
watch
about
the
Camp
in
places
most
suspected
,
and
best
for
the
purpose
,
which
in
the
day
must
consist
of
horsemen
,
&
in
the
night
of
footmen
,
to
the
intent
the
army
may
at
all
times
remaine
without
feare
of
sodaine
surprises
,
or
be
assaulted
vnprouided
:
which
thing
as
it
is
of
maruellous
molestation
,
so
sometimes
it
may
be
incrediblie
preiudiciall
.
When
the
strength
and
force
of
the
souldiers
and
al
the
camp
following
,
are
constrained
to
take
armes
,
and
to
put
themselues
in
squadrons
either
in
the
day
or
night
,
by
occasion
of
the
enimie
or
any
other
necessarie
acccident
that
may
happen
,
The
high
marshall
of
the
fielde
ought
diligently
to
prouide
,
that
the
Artillerie
,
the
munition
,
and
the
victuals
be
safely
kept
with
their
ordinarie
appointed
gard
.
The
like
care
ought
he
to
haue
,
that
vpon
any
sodaine
surprise
,
Camisado
,
or
sally
out
of
a
besieged
towne
,
the
gard
about
the
campe
and
in
the
trenches
be
strengthened
and
renforced
with
a
new
supplie
for
the
more
saftie
of
the
munition
,
tents
,
cabbens
,
and
other
baggage
:
and
therefore
the
said
gard
ought
at
the
first
to
be
planted
in
places
strong
by
nature
,
or
else
fortified
by
art
.
These
things
he
must
perf●…rme
with
a
certaine
diligent
modestie
,
thereby
not
to
displease
any
person
,
that
either
particularly
or
principally
,
either
is
or
hath
bin
inuested
with
the
like
charge
,
as
the
Sergeant
Maior
,
the
general
of
the
Artillerie
,
or
the
Lieutenant
of
the
whole
armie
,
besides
other
priuate
Collonels
and
Captaines
,
&c.
which
aduertisement
I
only
giue
by
the
way
,
for
that
he
may
endeuour
himselfe
to
please
euerie
one
,
although
the
authority
of
his
office
doth
expresly
extend
resolutely
to
command
in
things
pertaining
to
the
saftie
of
the
field
and
campe
.
Let
him
moreouer
call
continually
to
memory
,
that
the
art
of
warre
doth
require
a
sharpe
and
exemplar
manner
and
condition
of
chastisement
,
therby
to
remaine
the
better
obeyed
,
the
which
thing
is
of
principall
&
great
importance
:
for
since
that
in
that
place
his
Prince
doth
not
only
fight
for
the
dearest
thing
he
hath
,
but
also
for
the
health
of
his
proper
person
,
and
all
his
subiects
,
it
behooues
him
to
be
readie
and
perfite
in
such
causes
.
Besides
,
it
is
a
most
necessarie
thing
for
him
to
note
,
that
there
is
gathered
togither
in
the
Armie
,
great
numbers
of
people
of
diuers
customes
,
of
sundrie
ages
,
and
of
minde
and
disposition
not
alwayes
correspondent
.
Therefore
he
that
through
insolency
wil
not
obserue
the
lawes
of
armes
,
so
important
as
nothing
more
in
the
honorable
exercise
of
Militarie
profession
,
let
him
be
constrained
to
obserue
due
obedience
,
through
horrour
&
feare
of
punishment
.
To
the
Marshal
of
the
fielde
,
it
appertaines
to
take
order
euerie
day
,
soone
after
the
Diana
,
that
the
Conuoyes
,
Ascoltes
,
and
safegards
do
appeare
before
and
come
to
his
lodging
to
receiue
their
Commission
,
not
only
for
the
safegard
and
assurance
of
the
merchants
and
victuallers
,
which
come
and
go
from
the
campe
,
but
also
as
wel
for
the
baggage
of
the
footmen
,
as
the
horsemen
,
who
are
of
custome
enforced
to
prouide
both
for
forrage
,
from
time
to
time
,
and
for
manie
thinges
necessarie
for
prouision
for
their
horses
&
other
beasts
,
cabbins
&
things
néedful
to
be
vsed
in
the
campe
.
These
connoyes
,
safgards
&
Ascoltes
ought
to
be
of
horsemen
,
and
guided
by
a
Captaine
of
great
discretion
&
experience
.
When
the
armie
shall
remoue
,
the
high
marshall
must
first
giue
order
to
the
master
of
the
Ordinance
,
that
he
set
forth
the
Artillerie
,
with
all
the
carriages
,
munition
,
&c.
then
the
master
of
the
victuals
and
cariages
afterwards
.
He
must
after
giue
order
to
the
Sergeant
Maior
,
in
what
sort
he
will
haue
the
battell
to
march
that
day
:
and
to
the
scoutmaster
which
way
he
will
send
his
vauntcurrours
to
discouer
if
all
be
cleare
,
who
must
from
time
to
time
giue
intelligence
what
occurrence
he
discouereth
.
The
high
Marshall
when
he
goeth
to
view
the
ground
where
he
intendeth
to
incampe
,
may
by
his
authoritie
take
such
number
of
horsmen
,
as
he
shal
think
conuenient
,
and
then
is
he
to
consider
that
there
be
nigh
at
hand
,
as
I
said
before
,
wood
,
water
,
and
forrage
enough
for
the
Army
:
and
if
he
intend
long
to
lodge
in
that
place
,
then
must
he
make
his
campe
the
larger
,
and
prouidently
consider
,
that
euery
Regiment
haue
his
conuenient
place
,
that
the
tents
and
cabbins
be
not
pitched
and
made
nigh
the
ring
of
the
campe
:
that
there
bée
large
places
of
assemblie
within
the
campe
:
that
it
be
well
intrenched
and
fortified
,
for
which
respectes
it
is
requisite
that
the
Martial
haue
knowledge
in
Geometrie
&
Arithmetike
,
and
that
he
haue
in
a
readinesse
sundrie
plats
,
models
&
formes
,
as
partly
I
haue
annexed
hereunto
,
whereby
he
may
be
able
to
resolue
for
any
number
or
situation
,
what
forme
or
quantitie
of
Campe
is
most
conuenient
,
and
presently
stake
it
out
,
assigning
●…ue
place
for
euery
Regiment
of
footmen
&
horsmen
,
carriages
,
Ordinance
,
Munition
&
euery
particularitie
,
as
hereafter
shal
more
plainly
be
declared
.
For
lodging
of
footmen
,
especially
in
a
running
campe
,
I
haue
partly
in
this
chapter
touched
,
but
for
lodging
of
horsemen
it
is
not
amisse
to
imitate
the
Rutters
,
who
commonly
alwayes
lodge
in
such
closes
as
they
finde
enuironed
with
trées
or
quicke
set
hedges
and
ditches
,
placing
their
horses
in
due
order
round
about
the
fielde
,
two
paces
one
from
another
,
with
railes
betwéene
them
,
leauing
al
the
void
ground
in
the
middle
for
the
Captaines
tents
&
cabbines
for
the
horsemen
.
So
that
in
that
sort
in
a
field
of
two
or
thrée
acres
,
I
haue
séene
a
guydon
of
Rutters
very
well
lodged
&
commodiously
,
with
railes
or
poles
betwéene
their
horses
,
and
bowes
about
them
for
the
winde
or
heat
,
some
with
hales
ouer
them
to
kéepe
them
from
the
raine
:
their
saddels
,
bridels
,
and
al
other
their
furniture
,
hanging
vpon
poles
readie
by
them
,
neatly
kept
&
blacked
,
their
mangers
also
before
them
:
for
all
such
necessaries
the
Ruiters
carrie
with
them
in
their
wagons
and
carriages
,
besides
little
whéele
barrowes
to
carrie
away
their
doung
,
so
that
their
campe
is
no
lesse
cleane
&
orderly
,
then
a
princes
stable
.
A
faire
stréete
they
alwayes
leaue
betwéene
their
owne
cabbines
&
their
horses
:
They
haue
certain
troopes
of
their
seruants
,
whom
they
cal
their
knights
,
and
these
troupes
alwayes
attend
,
that
so
soone
as
the
Marshall
hath
limited
their
quarters
,
they
depart
immediatly
to
the
next
woods
,
for
poles
,
bowes
,
stakes
and
other
necessaries
to
build
their
campe
,
stables
,
and
cabbines
:
other
go
for
forrage
,
that
before
the
army
approch
,
the
lodgings
alwayes
are
in
a
readines
.
To
euerie
12.
Ruiters
commonly
there
is
allowed
a
wagon
with
4
horses
,
or
to
sixe
a
cart
with
two
horses
,
and
their
knights
are
about
one
third
part
of
the
number
of
their
horsemen
.
The
Lance
knights
also
encampe
alwayes
in
the
field
verie
strongly
,
two
or
thrée
to
a
cabinet
,
their
pikes
&
armour
standing
vp
by
them
in
a
redines
,
&
so
orderly
placed
with
stréets
,
so
conuenient
&
cleanly
preserued
,
that
their
campe
is
no
lesse
holesome
then
strong
:
I
haue
séene
sixe
thousand
of
them
lodge
in
sixe
or
seuen
acre
of
ground
,
which
proportion
differeth
not
much
from
that
of
the
old
Romains
.
The
high
Marshall
,
as
well
for
the
ordering
of
sconts
,
as
all
other
matters
of
importance
in
the
campe
,
is
to
giue
order
,
and
at
the
setting
of
the
watch
his
trumpets
ought
first
to
sound
,
and
then
all
the
residue
of
the
trumpets
in
order
to
answere
euerie
one
to
his
seueral
quarter
,
and
in
the
morning
al
the
trumpets
should
assemble
before
the
Lord
Lieutenants
tent
,
and
there
to
sound
the
reliefe
of
the
watch
,
but
no
man
must
vpon
paine
of
death
remoue
from
his
charge
,
vntill
the
warders
be
come
out
,
then
may
euerie
man
depart
to
his
rest
.
In
the
fielde
at
a
day
of
seruice
,
though
there
be
a
Generall
of
the
horsemen
,
yet
is
it
the
place
of
the
high
Marshall
to
serue
there
as
chiefe
,
&
to
appoint
in
how
manie
troopes
the
horsemen
shall
diuide
themselues
,
and
which
shall
charge
,
&
which
stand
for
their
rescue
,
and
to
prohibite
,
that
vpon
euerie
crie
amongst
the
footemen
,
of
march
Cauallarie
,
or
forward
horsemen
,
they
do●…
not
remoue
,
disband
or
giue
charge
,
but
onely
by
knowne
counter
signes
and
watch
words
from
the
Generall
,
that
inuasions
may
be
made
at
due
times
and
when
necessitie
requires
,
&
not
for
euerie
trifle
or
priuate
danger
of
some
persons
,
for
otherwise
their
disbanding
out
of
time
may
arise
to
be
ruine
and
losse
of
an
armie
in
a
day
of
battell
.
If
any
prisoners
be
taken
in
the
fielde
,
they
ought
forthwith
to
be
enrold
in
the
Marshals
booke
,
and
then
if
any
make
claime
to
any
other
mans
prisoner
,
the
Marshal
as
iudge
to
determine
who
shall
haue
him
,
and
for
euerie
prisoner
brought
into
the
Marshall
sea
and
enrolled
in
the
Marshals
booke
,
his
fée
is
eight
pence
:
he
is
also
to
haue
of
al
booties
taken
in
the
field
&
brought
into
the
campe
the
third
part
:
but
as
well
for
this
as
other
his
fées
,
they
are
by
the
General
to
be
limited
at
the
beginning
,
as
shall
be
thought
reasonable
.
Finally
the
high
Marshal
ought
to
be
a
man
of
such
perfection
,
that
he
know
the
duetie
of
euerie
inferiour
officer
,
and
be
able
to
reforme
their
misdéeds
,
and
that
of
his
owne
knowledge
.
The
handling
of
small
matters
must
be
committed
to
his
Prouost
,
who
ought
to
be
a
chosen
person
,
alwayes
retaining
the
greater
causes
,
and
such
as
concerne
life
to
be
heard
by
himselfe
,
who
for
his
greater
reputation
,
and
to
be
knowne
from
other
officers
,
he
should
haue
a
Cornet
or
guidon
borne
before
him
in
the
fielde
,
as
I
haue
séene
the
pages
,
seruants
,
wiues
and
women
in
Don
Iohn
of
Austria
his
campe
,
attend
in
no
lesse
good
order
,
then
any
well
gouerned
band
.
And
for
as
much
as
it
appertaineth
chiefly
to
the
high
Mashal
to
gouerne
the
execution
of
the
Militarie
lawes
,
I
therein
refer
him
to
my
first
booke
,
wherein
I
thought
it
more
necessary
to
be
set
downe
then
in
this
place
,
to
the
intent
the
souldiers
may
dayly
heare
their
dueties
,
and
not
to
offend
through
ignorance
:
vnto
which
lawes
some
thinke
it
necessarie
,
that
not
onely
euerie
Captaine
and
Collonel
should
be
sworne
,
but
also
after
the
old
Romaine
manner
,
euery
particular
souldier
at
his
entring
into
pay
,
or
at
the
consecration
of
the
Ensigne
,
to
make
his
oath
ioyntly
vnto
them
both
,
for
which
cause
the
Romaine
warfare
was
termed
Militia
Sacrata
.
The
oathes
that
euerie
officer
ought
to
take
of
what
office
soeuer
he
be
.
Of
the
Pretor
.
THe
Pretor
,
Aduocate
or
Coadiutor
to
the
Marshall
,
being
learned
in
the
Martiall
,
Ciuill
and
commmon
Lawes
,
shall
take
his
oath
giuen
him
by
the
Generall
,
&
shall
sweare
by
almighty
God
,
that
whatsoeuer
he
shal
iudge
,
ordain
,
or
determine
in
court
or
out
of
court
,
that
he
shal
kéepe
it
close
&
secreat
to
his
liues
end
,
&
that
he
shal
be
true
and
iust
to
the
Lords
,
and
that
he
shall
execute
iustice
to
his
vtmost
power
,
and
that
he
shal
not
during
the
wars
take
any
gift
of
any
man
,
for
any
matter
in
controuersie
to
be
tried
before
him
,
but
shall
vse
indifferent
iustice
to
al
men
,
without
respect
of
persons
,
friendship
or
malice
,
as
God
shall
helpe
him
at
the
dreadfull
day
of
iudgement
.
Of
the
Prouost
Marshall
.
HIs
oath
is
likewise
giuen
by
the
Generall
,
that
he
shall
sée
al
faults
duely
and
according
to
the
lawes
punished
in
al
offenders
,
without
regard
or
respect
of
persons
.
That
he
shall
in
the
market
place
set
vp
a
paire
of
gallowes
,
as
well
for
the
terrour
of
the
wicked
,
as
to
do
execution
vpon
them
that
offend
the
lawes
.
Also
that
he
shall
set
on
al
victuals
brought
to
the
market
a
reasonable
price
,
that
the
seller
&
the
buyer
may
reasonably
liue
by
it
,
and
that
he
exact
nothing
behind
his
duetie
of
any
man
,
that
he
neither
vse
extorcion
or
briberie
,
that
he
let
no
prisoner
taken
of
the
enimie
,
or
offender
otherwise
to
his
witting
escape
,
with
other
Articles
contained
in
his
office
,
at
the
discretion
of
the
General
,
the
which
he
must
be
sworne
vnto
.
The
master
of
the
watch
,
the
Purueyor
for
victuals
&
the
fire
master
,
must
likewise
take
their
oathes
as
it
is
here
set
downe
in
the
4.
5.
and
sixt
booke
of
these
Directions
.
The
Clarke
or
Notarie
of
the
Court.
THe
Notarie
shall
be
sworne
before
the
twelue
Iudges
of
the
court
,
that
he
shall
truely
and
without
fraude
exercise
his
office
,
not
adding
or
diminishing
,
for
friendship
,
malice
or
briberie
,
any
thing
deliuered
to
him
in
court
or
elsewhere
,
to
the
hinderance
of
equitie
and
iustice
,
&
that
he
precisely
kéepe
vndefaced
and
vncancelled
all
the
records
,
and
the
whole
actes
and
dealings
of
all
men
hanging
in
the
court
,
whether
they
be
tried
or
vntried
in
controuersie
,
and
not
determined
,
and
that
he
kéepe
and
conceale
all
things
which
he
heareth
in
the
court
,
either
said
or
doone
,
as
ended
or
determined
,
secret
and
close
to
his
liues
end
,
and
if
he
do
otherwise
,
he
shall
haue
the
lawe
,
prouided
for
such
an
offendour
.
Of
the
common
Cryer
of
the
court
.
HE
shall
take
the
like
oath
before
the
Iudge
,
to
doe
trulie
and
faithfully
his
office
,
at
all
times
,
and
in
all
places
,
according
as
the
Iudge
shall
commaund
him
,
so
that
through
his
diligence
there
be
no
fault
found
in
him
at
the
court
day
,
and
that
he
kéepe
close
and
secret
all
such
matters
as
he
shall
heare
handled
by
the
Iudges
vntill
his
liues
end
,
as
God
helpe
him
.
Directions
for
the
marching
of
an
armie
,
whether
it
be
inferiour
or
equall
to
the
enemie
.
WHen
an
armie
dooth
march
néere
vnto
the
enemies
battels
,
the
high
marshall
,
Sergeant
Maior
,
and
Collonels
,
ought
to
vse
diuers
considerations
.
First
a
Prince
or
his
Generall
,
not
being
of
like
force
to
the
enemie
,
or
that
he
is
not
willing
to
giue
battell
,
because
he
will
not
hazard
all
his
state
and
armie
in
one
day
into
the
hands
of
fortune
,
he
must
prouide
(
specially
if
he
be
inferior
in
Caualarie
)
that
he
march
through
a
countrie
that
is
rough
,
full
of
hils
,
and
where
the
situation
of
the
ground
is
of
such
aduautage
,
that
the
enemie
haue
not
any
motion
to
assault
him
.
But
when
he
cannot
shun
the
same
,
then
must
he
prouide
at
leastwise
,
to
enter
into
the
action
thereof
,
to
his
great
aduantage
,
and
almost
with
a
certaine
hope
of
victory
,
the
which
will
not
arise
to
be
difficile
,
if
he
can
apply
the
aduantage
of
situations
to
serue
his
turne
.
In
marching
,
I
would
wish
him
to
haue
one
part
of
his
light
horsemen
so
neere
the
enemie
,
that
euery
houre
he
may
haue
notice
what
way
he
dooth
march
,
notwithstanding
in
a
countrie
where
mounts
and
hils
be
not
fauourable
,
but
that
of
necessitie
you
must
march
through
plaines
and
champaine
countries
,
and
that
the
enemie
is
néere
at
hand
,
and
that
it
is
very
hard
to
shun
the
battell
,
I
iudge
it
not
farre
amisse
,
to
accept
the
battell
,
so
that
you
be
of
greater
strength
in
horsemen
,
for
being
the
stronger
,
the
iourney
in
no
respect
is
to
be
fled
,
for
so
much
as
horsemen
yéeld
the
greatest
part
of
the
victorie
,
when
they
bee
well
guided
.
Charles
the
fift
in
Germany
against
the
protestants
armie
,
by
reason
of
the
commoditie
of
the
ground
,
for
the
most
part
,
did
not
lodge
his
army
further
off
from
his
enemies
,
then
commonly
the
shot
of
a
Coluerine
,
although
he
was
far
inferior
in
number
.
Neuerthelesse
that
order
cannot
be
alwaies
vsed
when
an
armie
is
in
the
champaine
countrie
,
for
he
that
is
in
plaines
and
is
not
desirous
to
fight
,
he
must
march
from
the
enemie
9
or
10
miles
,
and
must
determine
to
fortifie
himselfe
at
each
lodging
,
in
such
sort
that
neither
the
enemies
Cauallarie
or
infanterie
,
may
be
able
in
battell
to
enter
into
his
campe
,
if
not
with
great
difficultie
.
A
meane
fortification
is
sufficient
in
a
champaine
countrie
,
chiefely
when
it
is
to
be
made
with
spéede
,
which
beginning
of
fortification
,
when
you
meane
to
continue
,
may
encrease
and
be
made
as
strong
as
you
sée
the
case
doth
require
.
When
an
armie
dooth
march
inplaines
and
champaine
countries
,
&
that
it
comes
to
that
point
,
the
it
is
able
to
haue
any
little
riuer
or
wood
which
may
couer
one
flanke
of
the
said
armie
,
you
must
go
about
with
all
diligence
to
take
this
aduantage
,
for
that
the
same
will
arise
to
be
of
great
importance
.
Prouide
euer
that
the
bagage
and
the
artillarie
go
continually
on
the
contrarie
side
to
the
enemie
,
or
at
leastwise
in
the
midst
of
the
armie
.
The
squadrons
of
men
at
armes
must
as
appertaineth
,
flanke
the
battels
and
rankes
of
footmen
towards
the
enemie
.
It
is
a
laudable
custome
to
deuide
an
armie
into
thrée
squadrons
,
that
is
to
say
,
into
the
auantgard
battell
,
and
arreargard
,
and
that
euery
day
they
do
exchange
,
making
of
the
auantgard
the
battell
,
and
of
the
battell
the
reargard
,
&
it
is
requisite
,
that
euery
one
of
them
haue
his
necessary
number
of
horsmen
&
Hargaloteares
,
&
that
each
one
be
disposed
and
placed
in
his
due
ranke
.
Order
must
be
carefully
taken
,
that
amongst
the
ranks
of
the
footmen
,
vnprofitable
people
be
not
intermedled
,
but
that
all
the
baggage
be
in
a
place
deputed
for
the
same
,
vnder
the
Prouosts
guidon
.
Also
that
amongst
the
squadrons
of
the
horsemen
,
there
be
no
vnprofitable
horses
nor
other
impediments
.
The
Rutters
Cauallaries
vse
héerein
a
meruailous
strict
order
,
and
extreame
diligence
,
which
verily
dooth
merit
to
be
imitated
.
It
is
a
commendable
thing
also
,
when
the
light
horsmen
be
in
such
sort
deuided
and
dispersed
for
discouerie
of
the
countrie
,
and
espying
the
actions
of
the
enemies
armie
,
as
that
they
may
continually
returne
and
giue
intelligences
of
the
enemies
demeanor
,
whereby
if
néede
require
,
commoditie
and
leasure
may
be
had
to
prouide
for
fight
.
If
the
marshall
of
the
field
haue
no
experience
of
the
countrie
himselfe
,
it
is
requisite
that
he
carrie
such
a
personage
,
or
worthie
Cauallier
with
him
,
as
he
knowes
to
haue
experience
,
that
with
them
he
may
consider
well
of
the
situation
and
place
,
whether
he
is
to
march
with
his
armie
through
plaines
,
by
or
néere
hils
,
or
in
valleys
that
haue
hils
ou
both
sides
,
or
by
or
néere
to
woods
,
or
alongst
or
néere
a
riuer
.
It
is
also
requisite
the
the
light
horse
,
aswell
for
the
discouerie
of
the
enemie
,
as
otherwise
to
take
the
bredth
of
the
straits
&
passages
go
before
,
and
to
make
certificate
,
that
according
to
the
bredth
the
hoast
may
march
.
And
put
case
that
one
part
of
the
way
be
15.
foot
broode
,
the
hoast
shall
be
made
to
march
by
fiue
in
a
ranke
,
because
euery
footman
will
haue
thrée
foote
in
breadth
from
shoulder
to
shoulder
,
and
sixe
foote
in
ranke
betwixt
ranke
and
ranke
,
and
one
foote
for
euerie
person
,
so
that
21
foote
in
breadth
and
2
myles
in
length
,
will
containe
an
armie
of
ten
thousand
.
After
the
same
reason
,
whether
there
be
20
or
30
thousand
footemen
,
according
to
the
measuring
of
ground
by
the
foote
,
they
may
be
set
in
order
very
easily
,
neither
can
the
leader
be
deceiued
,
when
he
knoweth
how
many
armed
men
euery
place
can
containe
:
and
after
the
same
order
as
the
place
dooth
enlarge
,
he
must
enlarge
the
rankes
,
causing
part
of
the
shot
to
goe
before
the
aray
,
and
part
behind
,
and
others
to
go
in
succoures
of
the
horsemen
,
that
go
in
viewing
the
passages
,
and
the
ambushments
,
with
the
whole
dooings
of
the
enemie
:
and
let
an
other
part
be
for
vantgard
&
retrogard
to
the
aray
,
to
be
able
to
serue
them
at
néed
,
and
an
other
part
to
go
alwaies
at
the
flankes
of
the
raie
,
the
which
if
there
be
ditches
,
shal
serue
as
a
countermure
against
the
enemies
horsmen
.
And
if
they
be
men
at
armes
,
they
must
march
on
both
the
sides
of
the
battell
,
and
also
of
the
Hargabuzies
that
do
march
by
the
flankes
of
the
battell
,
and
the
light
horsemen
to
serue
for
scoutes
both
before
and
behind
the
aray
.
There
must
be
likewise
abundance
of
Pyoners
and
labourers
to
make
places
plaine
,
and
to
cast
downe
ditches
&
bridges
,
and
to
make
defences
and
other
necessarie
things
that
are
required
in
marching
,
the
which
must
be
garded
by
your
light
horse
and
shot
,
and
when
you
depart
to
faine
to
go
to
some
other
place
,
then
that
you
go
so
,
and
if
there
be
no
men
at
armes
to
appoint
to
euery
regiment
certaine
Hargabuziers
to
serue
on
horsebacke
,
the
which
may
serue
in
stéed
of
men
at
armes
,
and
when
occasion
serues
to
serue
on
foote
againe
,
wherein
the
Caualiers
of
S.
Georges
squadre
,
may
very
well
be
imployed
.
It
is
requisite
that
all
souldiers
follow
their
leaders
,
and
carrie
a
great
care
and
diligence
in
marching
,
to
the
intent
that
by
sudden
assaults
they
be
not
at
euerie
step
to
arise
in
a
rumor
,
and
confusedly
to
runne
héere
and
there
,
and
the
one
to
go
contrarie
to
the
other
,
and
finally
comming
about
them
,
not
to
be
able
to
do
any
thing
of
any
profit
.
For
which
cause
thou
oughtest
to
march
with
thine
armie
through
euery
place
in
battell
ray
,
whereby
the
souldiers
may
be
made
more
apt
and
spéedie
to
make
a
voyage
,
and
quicke
and
ready
to
resist
if
néed
shall
be
.
The
Souldiers
according
to
my
former
directions
,
being
trained
to
follow
the
Ensignes
,
&
apt
to
obey
commaundements
,
and
to
behaue
themselues
valiantly
according
to
their
place
and
order
,
if
thou
march
in
a
plaine
countrie
,
it
is
requisite
that
thy
pikes
march
in
battell
ray
,
retiring
thine
armie
into
a
little
space
,
so
that
by
the
straightnes
and
facilitie
of
inlarging
,
thou
be
not
constrained
to
extend
thy selfe
into
too
much
length
,
which
fashion
of
marching
séemes
to
giue
occasion
and
power
to
the
enemie
,
to
assault
commodiously
their
aduersaries
,
&
according
to
the
occasion
to
endomage
them
,
he
beholding
the
commoditie
to
defend
themselues
to
be
taken
away
,
forasmuch
either
with
more
largenesse
comming
against
thée
,
the
which
is
woont
to
happen
both
the
hornes
being
compassed
,
it
is
like
that
he
shall
easily
disorder
thée
,
and
put
thée
to
flight
,
or
els
giuing
charge
on
the
flanke
in
the
midst
of
the
battell
,
hauing
already
broken
thine
order
,
sodenly
stop
thy
men
from
being
able
to
go
forward
,
being
closed
in
the
arayes
of
the
enemies
.
Wherefore
minding
to
retire
in
a
maine
battell
,
and
to
returne
to
resist
,
they
shall
be
able
to
do
little
good
,
as
those
that
haue
vsed
such
a
maine
battell
,
which
for
want
of
thicknes
is
nothing
strong
,
but
altogether
weake
.
Also
if
the
enemie
should
charge
thée
on
the
rearward
,
thou
shalt
be
brought
to
the
very
same
necessitie
,
because
thou
shalt
be
so
compassed
,
as
thy
fronts
shall
not
be
able
to
succour
the
last
,
or
the
last
to
succour
the
first
.
For
the
which
thing
it
is
alwaies
better
and
more
sure
and
easier
to
gouerne
the
bands
that
march
close
and
square
,
them
thin
and
long
:
especially
,
forasmuch
as
to
an
army
that
marcheth
long
,
oftentimes
happens
that
of
some
thing
séeme
doubtful
and
vncertaine
,
there
groweth
suddenly
feare
and
terror
,
because
sometimes
it
hath
chaunced
,
that
men
discending
from
high
and
hillie
places
into
the
plaine
,
to
places
expedient
and
open
,
and
the
formost
séeing
the
last
of
the
same
band
by
a
great
distance
to
come
after
,
supposing
themselues
to
be
assaulted
of
some
ambush
of
enemies
,
it
hath
béene
séene
that
they
haue
suddenly
turned
to
fight
,
&
afterwards
no
otherwise
than
enemies
gone
together
by
the
eares
with
their
owne
companions
.
If
,
as
I
said
before
,
the
victuales
,
carriages
,
and
munition
,
be
not
conducted
in
the
midst
of
the
armie
,
but
if
otherwise
the
hindermost
part
would
be
garded
&
defended
of
the
most
valiant
souldiers
,
as
in
the
fronts
,
because
that
at
vnawares
may
happen
many
things
,
thy
light
horsmen
going
before
,
disciphering
and
espying
where
they
may
passe
,
hauing
occasion
to
passe
by
mountaines
,
woodes
,
places
closed
with
hils
,
and
most
great
desarts
,
because
the
enemie
many
times
will
lay
an
ambush
priuilie
by
the
passage
to
assault
his
aduersarie
,
who
taking
little
héed
thereof
,
haue
béene
easily
broken
and
brought
to
vtter
decay
.
The
which
ambush
,
if
the
conductor
by
way
of
exploratoures
shall
foresée
,
with
a
little
paine
,
hauing
preuented
the
suares
of
the
enemie
,
may
win
a
worthie
name
of
politike
prudence
,
and
likewise
saue
his
armie
from
imminent
ruine
.
And
as
for
the
plaines
,
thou
with
thine
owne
eies
maist
sée
a
far
of
,
forasmuch
as
in
the
day
dust
mooued
and
lifted
vp
into
the
aire
,
dooth
shew
the
moouing
and
stirring
of
the
enemy
,
and
in
the
night
the
fires
and
flames
signifieth
the
campe
to
be
there
.
When
thy
men
are
to
be
conducted
,
and
not
fight
,
thou
oughtest
to
remooue
by
day
,
if
peraduenture
some
thing
do
not
constraine
thée
,
for
the
which
thou
thinkest
it
good
to
go
in
hast
to
come
before
thine
enemie
,
where
in
déed
for
such
occasion
thou
must
remooue
in
the
night
,
so
that
thou
know
it
may
safely
be
doone
to
fight
with
the
enemie
.
Lead
th●…
me●…
not
in
hast
,
but
softly
,
&
inforce
them
not
to
make
two
long
a
iourney
,
forasmuch
as
labour
taken
before
a
man
come
to
fight
,
is
se●…ne
very
often
vainly
to
consume
and
waste
the
strength
of
their
hobies
.
And
marching
in
the
country
of
thy
friends
,
it
is
néedful
to
commaund
thy
souldiers
,
that
in
no
manner
of
wise
they
touch
or
spoile
any
thing
,
but
rather
altogether
to
refraine
,
considering
that
souldiers
hauing
weapons
and
liberty
to
doe
what
shall
please
them
,
will
fauour
nothing
,
especially
for
that
the
●…ight
of
things
that
please
men
,
out
of
doubt
is
woo●…t
most
dangerously
to
lead
ignorant
and
vnwarie
men
to
desire
them
,
and
with
the
swéetnesse
of
robbing
to
eutice
them
to
all
manner
of
mischéefe
:
wherevnto
if
thou
prouide
not
,
thy
fréends
&
thy
confederates
,
for
very
small
occasions
will
become
enemies
:
notwithstanding
,
the
countrie
of
thy
enemies
,
thou
shalt
suffer
thy
souldiers
openly
to
destroy
,
bur●…e
&
consume
,
because
by
the
dearth
of
victuals
&
lack
of
money
,
wars
are
woont
to
deminish
and
be
extinguished
,
and
contrariwise
through
aboundance
and
riches
,
they
are
nourished
and
maint●…ined
:
but
first
before
thou
suffer
thine
enemies
countrie
to
be
destroyed
,
thou
shouldest
giue
aduise
to
thy
enemies
,
threatning
them
what
thou
wilt
do
,
if
they
will
not
yéeld
vnto
thée
,
for
the
the
perril
of
the
misery
prepared
,
&
the
feare
of
the
ruine
looked
for
,
oftentimes
constraines
men
to
grant
many
things
,
the
which
at
the
first
by
no
maner
of
means
had
bin
possible
to
haue
brought
them
to
passe
:
but
after
they
haue
once
receaued
the
hurt
,
they
will
make
little
account
of
thée
,
and
dispise
all
other
things
,
as
though
thou
couldest
do
them
no
more
harme
.
Albeit
i●…
thou
knowest
surely
that
in
the
country
of
thine
enemies
thou
must
tarrie
long
with
thine
army
,
suffer
to
be
taken
&
spoiled
those
things
only
,
which
thou
séest
wil
not
be
greatly
profitable
vnto
thée
:
but
the
same
which
is
to
be
thought
may
be
preserued
for
thy
commodity
,
command
openly
to
thy
souldiers
,
that
they
for
beare
.
Hauing
made
ready
and
set
in
order
thy
men
,
tarry
not
long
in
thy
owne
country
,
nor
yet
in
thy
confederates
,
least
that
consuming
all
thy
prouision
,
it
séeme
not
that
thou
art
of
greater
hurt
to
thy
fréends
than
to
thy
enemies
,
but
rather
conduct
thy
army
spéedily
into
thy
enemies
country
,
whereby
if
it
be
fertile
and
aboundant
,
there
may
be
taken
at
thy
néede
most
plentiously
those
things
that
thou
list
:
but
if
it
be
otherwise
,
thou
shalt
cause
to
be
knowne
,
that
thou
séekest
to
prouide
most
louingly
both
for
the
wealth
&
profit
of
thy
fréends
.
Besides
this
thou
oughtest
to
care
with
al
diligence
,
that
marching
or
incamping
by
sea
or
land
,
victuals
may
safely
be
brought
,
for
somuch
as
by
such
means
the
merchants
with
all
diligence
will
bring
all
things
,
which
for
the
vse
of
an
army
wil
be
necessary
.
Moreouer
when
thou
most
passe
by
straights
,
or
march
through
rough
&
hilly
wayes
,
them
is
it
conuenient
,
principally
for
the
preseruation
of
thy
things
,
to
send
before
shot
on
horseback
&
on
foot
,
for
the
kéeping
of
those
places
,
rocks
,
or
inclosed
waies
,
least
the
enemy
taking
it
before
thée
,
may
both
let
thy
passage
to
thy
great
hinderance
&
losse
:
the
contrary
thou
ought
enforce
thy selfe
to
do
,
when
thou
vnderstandest
the
enemy
to
passe
,
the
like
thou
hast
not
onely
to
take
héede
for
receiuing
harme
,
but
to
inforce
thy selfe
to
turne
against
the
enemy
those
deceits
whereby
he
thought
to
deceaue
thée
.
And
when
thou
purposest
to
go
against
him
,
it
is
requisite
to
prouide
before
him
,
&
at
vnawares
oppresse
him
:
so
diligently
thou
must
find
means
to
let
&
endomage
him
euery
way
,
if
thou
vnderstandest
that
he
intends
to
pursue
thée
.
The
marshall
of
the
field
must
foresée
,
the
whether
soeuer
the
army
doth
retire
,
or
vse
an
ordinary
march
&
iourney
,
that
the
captains
that
lead
distinct
&
seuerall
bands
,
must
with
mutuall
diligence
by
horsemen
,
riding
to
and
fro
,
measure
the
march
of
the
army
,
neither
suffer
the
Ensignes
to
go
any
thing
out
of
sight
.
The
auantgard
to
obserue
with
what
pace
the
middle
battell
marcheth
,
and
so
likewise
the
middle
battell
the
rereward
,
that
euery
battell
may
be
ready
at
hand
for
all
sodaine
incursions
of
the
enemy
,
&
to
succor
the
battell
which
is
circumuented
,
&
finally
fight
if
a
man
be
forced
,
or
aduantage
doth
serue
,
with
al
the
power
of
the
army
vnited
together
.
Of
the
order
of
the
march
in
figure
,
and
of
the
placing
of
the
weapons
.
Forsomuch
as
there
are
diuers
formes
of
marching
,
according
to
the
ground
and
diuersities
of
mens
minds
,
I
haue
onely
thought
it
good
to
set
downe
this
figure
ensuing
,
as
very
necessarie
,
and
of
great
force
for
an
armie
,
with
his
whole
carriages
to
march
withall
:
Wherein
I
partly
imitate
the
antiquitie
,
as
otherwise
the
order
now
vsed
,
as
for
example
.
Let
there
be
an
armie
of
40000.
footemen
,
and
14000.
horsemen
,
according
to
the
proportion
set
downe
,
there
is
allowed
to
euerie
100
footmen
40.
pikes
,
50
shot
,
and
10
halberds
,
the
which
falles
out
to
be
20000
shot
,
16000
pikes
,
and
4000
halberds
,
the
which
with
the
horsmen
are
to
be
deuided
into
thrée
battels
.
The
voward
,
the
mainward
and
the
rearward
battell
:
In
the
voward
shall
be
placed
10000
footemen
,
whereof
4000
pikes
,
1000
halberds
,
and
5000
shot
:
In
the
front
of
the
voward
battel
are
to
be
placed
2000
argolateares
on
horsebacke
,
1000
launces
:
Then
there
are
to
be
placed
the
pioners
,
who
are
to
be
garded
with
500
shot
of
each
wing
.
The
Sergeaat
Maior
must
giue
in
charge
,
that
these
pioners
beate
downe
and
make
plaine
the
ground
before
them
in
their
march
,
in
such
bredth
as
occasion
shall
serue
to
make
your
battels
,
or
necessity
procure
,
or
the
straightnes
of
the
place
permit
.
Also
the
Sergeant
hath
to
appoint
these
pioners
,
that
if
they
be
charged
by
the
enemies
,
hauing
their
weapons
to
defend
themselues
amongst
the
shot
,
or
otherwise
to
retire
themselues
by
the
wings
of
the
battell
,
and
to
be
placed
at
the
discretion
of
the
Sergeant
Maior
in
the
battell
:
Next
after
these
Pioners
shall
follow
2000
shot
,
next
vnto
the
shot
the
carriages
of
the
first
battell
,
with
all
the
impediments
:
Then
followeth
2000
pikes
,
and
1000
halberdeares
,
with
the
Chiefetaine
in
the
midst
,
then
followeth
the
other
2000
pikes
,
after
the
pikes
the
carriages
of
the
merchants
and
purueyours
,
who
must
by
the
appointment
of
the
Generall
march
armed
,
for
the
defence
of
their
charge
:
them
follow
the
other
2000
shot
,
and
if
you
passe
through
any
dangerous
places
,
it
is
requisite
so
to
march
,
as
you
may
suddenly
bring
them
to
a
quadrant
battell
,
sending
alwayes
before
100
Hargaloteares
on
horsebacke
,
and
100
lighthorsmen
,
for
vauntcurriers
,
to
discouer
and
view
the
straights
and
passages
,
as
otherwise
to
take
their
bredth
,
and
to
giue
certificate
to
the
officers
,
whereby
they
may
make
their
march
thereafter
,
and
to
view
that
all
places
be
frée
from
●…mbushes
and
traines
of
the
enemie
,
whereby
the
armie
may
the
more
safelier
and
quietlier
passe
,
sending
from
the
frontes
as
necessitie
requires
,
ayde
to
assist
the
Curriers
:
Then
must
follow
your
maine
battell
of
footemen
,
the
which
is
20000.
footemen
,
whereof
10000.
shot
,
8000.
pikes
,
and
2000
Halberds
,
the
which
are
to
be
diuided
in
this
manner
:
next
vnto
the
shot
of
the
voward
battell
,
must
be
placed
the
carriages
of
the
maine
battell
with
bagge
and
baggage
,
who
must
be
placed
by
quarter
:
then
4000
pikes
,
next
the
pikes
2000
halberds
with
the
General
in
the
midst
,
then
the
other
4000
pikes
,
after
the
pikes
the
carriages
of
the
merchants
,
as
appeares
by
this
figure
.
The
weapons
of
the
rearward
battell
to
be
diuided
as
in
the
voward
,
who
must
send
forth
courriers
from
the
rearward
,
to
espie
whether
the
enimie
doth
prosecute
thée
to
take
aduantage
to
thy
hinderance
or
no
,
and
you
must
place
next
your
shot
in
the
rearward
one
thousand
Lances
,
and
2000
Hargolateares
,
your
10500
shot
of
the
maine
battell
are
to
be
placed
as
wings
in
all
your
battels
,
who
must
be
placed
16
paces
from
the
sides
of
the
battels
:
Next
vnto
the
shot
must
go
the
Artillerie
of
the
fielde
with
their
carriages
,
with
like
distance
on
both
the
sides
of
the
battels
:
then
must
be
placed
1000
men
at
armes
,
of
ech
side
of
the
battels
:
Likewise
1000
Lances
of
ech
side
,
and
2000
Hargolateares
,
as
appeareth
by
the
foresaid
figure
.
The
high
marshal
must
giue
in
charge
that
in
al
dangers
ontill
the
footmen
may
be
brought
to
forme
of
battell
,
that
the
Ordenance
&
Artillerie
may
be
readily
and
equally
diuided
into
the
two
hornes
of
the
battel
,
to
terrifie
the
enimie
to
the
vttermost
:
and
if
so
be
that
the
enimie
wil
attempt
the
battel
on
the
wings
,
let
the
Hargolateares
with
the
rest
of
the
horse
and
shot
in
the
wings
make
the
like
difference
:
thus
euery
part
shal
be
of
like
sort
defended
,
vntill
thou
hast
made
thy
battell
as
pleaseth
thée
.
If
this
order
cannot
please
the
march
withall
,
through
a
suspected
place
,
you
may
practise
that
which
is
thought
of
the
Generall
and
his
wise
counsellours
and
Captaines
to
be
most
expedient
:
neuerthelesse
I
thought
it
not
amisse
to
set
downe
this
order
in
figure
,
with
the
diuision
of
the
weapons
,
for
that
being
well
considered
,
and
with
aduise
well
ordered
,
you
may
make
presently
as
many
battels
as
you
will
,
and
in
what
order
you
please
,
euen
by
hand
without
any
great
trouble
or
toile
.
THe
proportion
of
this
march
ensuing
,
was
vsed
of
the
Lantgraue
of
Hesson
,
&
the
buke
of
Saxonie
,
in
their
wars
against
the
Emperour
Charles
the
fift
,
their
maine
square
battell
of
pikes
being
flanked
;
fronted
and
backt
with
shot
,
was
empaled
with
Lances
&
men
at
armes
,
with
a
bat●…aillon
of
Argolat●…ares
on
horsebacke
in
the
●…auntgard
.
The
whole
battell
〈◊〉
with
Artillerie
,
and
the
carriages
of
the
campe
and
munition
on
the
side
from
the
emperialists
,
garded
with
a
squadron
of
〈◊〉
▪
shot
,
and
lances
.
The
victuallers
betwixt
the
rearward
and
the
main
battel
,
empaled
with
horsemen
,
bring
backed
with
〈◊〉
and
Argolateares
.
The
order
how
to
encampe
an
armie
,
and
to
accommodate
the
same
according
to
the
situation
of
the
ground
.
IN
respo●…t
〈◊〉
no
resolu●…e
rule
can
be
giuen
to
the
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
an
〈◊〉
▪
since
that
the
same
so
often
alters
and
changes
,
according
to
the
quality
of
the
ground
,
the
quantity
for
distance
,
o●…
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
of
the
enimie
,
&
diuersiti●…
in
minde
of
the
Marshall
or
Generall
.
I
will
therefore
procéede
to
speake
of
the
〈◊〉
of
the
●…ampe
,
of
his
situation
,
forme
,
compasse
,
and
fortification
,
and
the
commodities
and
orders
which
be
thereunto
necessarie
.
First
touching
the
situation
,
I
say
,
that
being
in
a
plaine
farre
from
hils
,
it
is
necessarie
to
haue
a
riuer
or
such
quantitie
of
water
,
as
the
same
may
commodiously
nourish
a
whole
armie
,
and
the
Cauallarie
:
and
prouide
that
from
the
adioyning
woods
,
if
there
be
any
,
you
may
fetch
al
sort
of
wood
and
fewell
for
the
necessitie
of
the
armie
:
and
that
likewise
prouision
he
had
of
hay
and
straw
for
the
horsemen
,
for
these
be
the
things
that
an
armie
cannot
carrie
about
with
it
.
When
prouision
is
made
of
these
necessaries
,
the
armie
must
be
so
well
fortified
as
the
enimy
cannot
●…aise
the
same
.
The
greatnes
and
circuite
of
the
lodgings
must
not
be
so
great
,
that
the
same
may
be
an
impediment
,
that
a
man
cannot
at
all
times
vse
succour
and
defence
when
néede
doth
require
:
n●…ither
ought
it
to
be
so
little
that
the
armie
cannot
haue
al
his
commodities
&
necessarie
places
for
victuals
,
and
for
merchants
which
follow
the
armie
.
Touching
the
forme
&
fashion
of
the
campe
,
the
same
must
be
such
as
these
portratures
following
make
shew
,
accommodating
the
same
neuerthelesse
to
the
situation
of
the
ground
.
In
the
portrature
is
described
and
drawne
all
the
quarters
,
with
their
places
,
the
lodgings
for
the
Generall
,
and
the
wayes
to
issue
out
,
where
in
for
further
instruction
,
I
will
somewhat
delate
,
but
he
that
is
more
curious
,
let
him
reade
Ieronemo
Cataneo
his
example
,
out
of
whom
I
tooke
this
.
If
it
chance
that
an
armie
must
lodge
amongst
mountaines
in
a
ground
full
of
hils
,
&
diuersly
situated
,
as
in
vales
,
croupes
of
mountaines
,
riuers
,
woods
,
caues
,
&
such
inequalities
:
If
the
Marshal
be
a
man
of
experience
in
the
wars
,
and
know
how
to
lodge
an
army
,
he
may
serue
his
turne
therwith
greatly
,
&
with
smal
labor
fortifie
his
camp
&
lodgings
.
But
aboue
all
things
he
must
be
careful
the
he
do
not
plant
himself
in
such
a
place
,
the
the
same
be
subiect
to
any
hils
or
other
height
of
ground
that
doth
command
ouer
him
,
from
whence
the
enimie
might
looke
into
his
lodgings
,
and
so
batter
the
cortines
of
his
rempares
:
For
if
the
enimies
armie
occupie
this
mountaine
or
hill
,
the
Generall
of
the
campe
shall
be
constrained
to
dislodge
his
armie
,
and
so
be
forced
to
fight
to
his
great
disaduantage
.
To
lodge
an
armie
in
the
fielde
,
with
his
due
measures
being
of
good
proportion
,
according
to
the
situation
of
the
ground
,
you
must
know
how
much
space
of
ground
must
be
had
for
the
quarters
of
the
Cauallarie
,
and
how
much
for
the
Infanterie
,
with
their
places
of
armes
,
stréetes
,
and
other
necessaries
for
the
seruice
of
their
lodgings
.
For
example
,
suppose
there
is
a
campe
of
60000
fighting
men
,
that
is
to
say
,
2000
men
at
armes
,
10000
light
horsemen
,
&
48000
hargabusiers
,
Corslets
,
light
armed
pikes
and
halberds
.
To
euerie
man
of
armes
I
giue
7
lodgings
,
and
to
euerie
light
horseman
4
,
and
euerie
lodging
as
well
of
men
at
armes
,
as
light
horsemen
,
shall
containe
50
foote
of
earth
,
that
is
to
say
,
fiue
foote
large
,
and
10
foote
long
,
as
this
figure
declares
.
To
euerie
souldier
on
foote
,
with
a
seruant
or
a
page
,
I
will
giue
64
foote
of
earth
for
his
lodging
,
which
shall
be
8
foote
in
square
,
as
this
figure
declares
.
This
done
,
you
must
accommodate
the
place
for
the
General
,
from
200
to
250
foot
,
euen
in
the
midst
of
the
campe
,
and
from
that
place
shall
be
drawne
two
straight
stréetes
,
which
shal
crosse
ouerthwart
with
two
straight
angles
,
right
in
the
midst
of
the
place
for
the
Generall
,
which
two
stréetes
shal
be
called
the
principall
stréetes
,
and
shall
serue
for
a
Corps
de
gard
towards
the
enimie
.
Suppose
that
next
of
all
I
will
lodge
500
braue
souldiers
,
or
gallant
warlike
Caualliers
next
to
the
Generals
lodging
,
to
euerie
one
of
these
I
will
giue
two
lodgings
,
that
shal
be
of
the
same
circuit
that
the
men
at
armes
are
.
Besides
this
,
about
the
Generals
plot
,
I
wil
draw
two
plots
,
the
one
for
the
market
and
the
other
for
victuals
,
which
two
shall
containe
as
much
ground
as
the
lodging
of
the
volentarie
Caualliers
of
the
Generals
traine
,
or
Caualliers
of
S.
Georges
squadre
to
the
General
,
which
termes
doth
best
fit
all
such
Gentlemen
,
as
volentarily
follow
the
campe
,
to
sée
seruice
&
to
court
the
Generall
.
About
the
plots
and
lodgings
of
these
Caualliers
,
I
will
draw
out
a
stréete
of
25.
foote
,
about
the
which
shall
be
the
quarters
of
men
at
Armes
and
light
horsemen
,
with
their
stréetes
and
voide
places
in
the
midst
.
About
the
horsemens
quarters
shal
be
drawne
a
stréete
of
50.
foote
large
,
round
about
which
is
to
be
compast
out
the
quarters
for
the
footemen
,
with
their
stréetes
and
void
places
.
At
the
end
of
one
of
the
principall
streetes
towards
the
enimy
,
you
must
draw
out
the
generall
place
of
armes
,
which
must
containe
as
much
at
the
least
,
as
halfe
the
lodgings
for
the
footemen
do
containe
.
In
one
of
my
figures
I
haue
not
drawne
this
void
place
,
for
that
I
haue
set
the
trench
so
farre
from
the
lodgings
,
that
going
about
the
campe
within
the
circuit
of
the
said
trench
,
you
may
easily
make
a
generall
place
for
armes
.
At
one
corner
of
the
campe
towards
the
enimie
,
must
be
appointed
a
place
for
the
munition
of
the
Artillarie
,
and
at
the
backe
of
the
campe
must
be
drawne
out
the
lodgings
for
the
pioners
,
and
for
the
cattell
that
is
killed
for
the
nourishment
of
the
campe
,
with
other
necessarie
things
.
The
victuallers
must
lodge
in
the
void
places
of
the
quarters
,
and
all
along
the
streetes
.
The
trench
must
be
made
far
distant
from
the
lodging
,
from
200
to
250
foote
.
The
place
of
Artillerie
is
comprehended
in
the
Calcull
of
the
footmens
quarters
,
and
would
be
distant
from
the
trenches
that
enuirons
the
lodgings
,
from
200
pace
to
250
at
the
least
,
as
in
my
discription
it
is
drawne
250
foote
distant
.
The
places
necessarie
to
be
accommodated
for
quarters
for
souldiers
to
do
their
naturall
businesse
in
,
and
to
lodge
other
persons
which
are
lodged
in
the
said
quarters
,
may
be
taken
in
that
which
is
supersl●…ous
in
the
place
of
Armes
:
for
in
drawing
the
circuit
of
the
said
place
,
I
haue
allotted
out
sufficient
substance
of
ground
.
In
my
draughts
I
haue
set
downe
50
foote
for
the
largenesse
of
the
stréets
,
by
reason
this
largenes
ought
not
to
passe
the
boord
of
the
largenes
of
the
place
of
armes
.
This
50
▪
is
not
so
much
to
forme
and
frame
the
largenes
of
the
stréetes
,
as
to
make
large
by
the
said
50
fóote
,
the
length
and
largenes
of
the
place
of
armes
for
the
quarters
,
whereby
they
be
enlarged
.
The
cattel
for
victual
for
the
campe
,
the
pioners
and
other
vnprofitable
things
shal
lodge
at
the
backe
of
the
campe
,
as
I
said
before
.
The
victuallers
lodge
in
the
place
of
Armes
in
the
Quarters
,
and
all
along
the
principall
stréetes
.
The
whole
portrature
hereof
may
be
more
apparent
by
my
figures
following
,
for
the
better
vnderstanding
whereof
,
these
Characters
shall
direct
.
A.
Signifieth
the
place
of
Armes
in
the
quarters
both
of
horsemen
and
footemen
,
and
the
place
for
the
Generall
which
is
in
the
midst
,
togither
with
their
stréetes
and
the
space
which
is
betwixt
the
trenches
and
the
lodgings
.
-
▵
*
Signifieth
the
quarters
of
the
light
horsemen
.
-
□
Signifieth
for
the
Lances
and
men
at
Armes
.
-
🜃
Signifieth
the
quarters
for
the
footmen
.
-
M
Signifieth
the
place
for
Munition
.
-
C
Signifieth
the
Caualhers
lodgings
néere
the
Generall
▪
-
Mar.
Signifieth
the
Market
place
.
-
V
Signifieth
the
place
of
Munition
for
victuals
▪
-
P
Signifieth
the
lodgings
for
the
pioners
and
for
cattell
,
which
is
kild
for
the
nourishing
of
the
Campe
,
and
other
things
vnprofitable
that
follow
the
Armie
.
-
F
Signifieth
the
Fort
vpon
the
hil
;
for
the
defence
of
the
Camp
.
The
portrature
of
these
thrée
Campes
following
,
may
seru●…
for
example
to
draw
any
other
by
,
in
what
situation
or
of
what
number
of
men
so
euer
they
be
,
so
that
it
be
well
practised
.
The
Marshall
for
the
most
part
must
by
racke
of
eye
,
and
by
quicke
iudgement
,
allot
out
and
readily
set
downe
and
impart
the
lodgings
of
the
Campe
,
and
sticking
downe
a
little
rod
with
a
paper
fastened
in
the
nocke
or
clift
of
the
same
,
thereby
in
euerie
due
place
allot
and
appoint
to
al
Collonels
and
their
Quarters
,
whose
Marshals
for
lodging
shall
in
like
sort
by
billet
limit
out
the
place
for
euerie
band
,
and
thus
shall
the
arriuing
armie
finde
the
quarters
,
places
,
stréetes
and
other
things
alwayes
in
readinesse
,
but
if
you
will
more
Arithmetically
worke
,
reade
Cataneo
.
The
situation
of
a
Campe
adioyning
to
a
riuer
neere
a
mountaine
.
The
situation
of
a
Campe
in
a
vale
betwixt
two
mountaines
,
the
one
is
capable
of
a
Campe
,
the
other
not
,
The
situation
of
a
Campe
aioyning
vpon
a
wood
and
a
Ri●…er
.
The
manner
of
encamping
,
where
the
situation
yeeldeth
no
aduantage
.
TO
encampe
an
armie
strongly
and
commodiously
:
The
Lord
high
Marshall
is
first
to
finde
such
a
place
to
encampe
vpon
,
as
may
be
conueniently
woodded
and
watred
,
not
subiect
to
any
hill
within
Cul●…erine
shot
,
and
to
apply
the
forme
of
his
campe
to
the
nature
of
the
situation
.
But
this
plat
following
I
haue
drawne
out
of
M.
Digges
Stratioticos
,
which
he
hath
prescribed
,
where
the
naturall
helpes
faile
,
and
that
the
generall
is
to
trust
onely
to
his
owne
order
and
artificiall
strength
.
When
any
armie
is
therefore
in
such
place
to
be
encamped
,
you
shall
first
in
the
most
commodious
place
about
the
midst
of
the
ground
,
where
you
meane
to
encampe
,
set
vp
the
generall
standard
or
Guidon
,
and
about
the
same
,
stake
out
a
square
plot
of
ground
40
pace
square
for
the
Generals
pauillion
.
Directly
from
this
towards
the
North
,
runneth
one
maine
stréete
40
pace
brode
,
that
deuideth
the
horse
campe
from
the
foot
campe
:
&
on
either
side
of
the
Generals
tent
runneth
two
other
crosse
waies
,
30
pace
in
bredth
,
which
deuide
the
armed
from
the
vnarmed
,
as
héerafter
appeares
.
These
two
waies
embrace
two
long
squares
of
ground
40
pace
brode
,
and
550
pace
long
a
péece
.
These
may
be
either
of
them
deuided
into
5
lodgings
of
100
pace
in
length
,
and
40
in
bredth
,
leauing
betwéene
them
certaine
passages
of
ten
pace
in
bredth
,
that
souldiers
vpon
euery
sodaine
may
the
more
readily
repaire
to
the
place
of
assemblie
.
One
of
these
lodgings
next
the
Generals
tent
,
may
serue
for
the
high
marshall
himselfe
and
his
retinue
,
&
the
other
on
the
other
side
for
the
treasurer
:
the
rest
may
be
assigned
at
the
marshals
discretion
to
the
other
officers
of
the
field
,
and
for
Ambassadors
,
and
such
Noblemen
and
Gentlemen
as
follow
the
wars
on
their
owne
charge
,
and
such
like
.
In
the
Northeast
quarter
of
the
campe
are
the
horsemen
lodged
,
in
the
northwest
the
footemen
,
either
of
these
campes
are
deuided
into
thrée
parts
by
stréetes
running
East
and
West
.
These
stréetes
are
20
pace
in
bredth
,
and
580
pace
in
length
.
In
euerie
one
of
these
thrée
spaces
of
the
foote
campe
,
there
are
lodged
a
regiment
of
10000
men
:
&
in
the
horsecampe
the
middlemost
of
them
shall
serue
for
1500
men
at
armes
:
the
northen
space
may
serue
for
the
2500
light
horsemen
,
&
the
other
for
2000
launces
.
On
the
other
side
of
this
maine
stréete
are
the
lodgings
assigned
for
the
leaders
or
gouernors
of
euery
regiment
,
and
their
officers
:
euery
space
being
30
pace
brode
and
170
long
.
A
is
for
the
Captaine
of
the
launces
,
B
for
the
Captaine
of
men
at
armes
,
and
C
for
the
Captaine
of
the
lighthorsmen
.
Likewise
D
E
F
for
the
leaders
of
the
thrée
principall
regiments
of
footmen
,
the
which
you
may
distinguish
with
the
vsuall
names
,
vaward
,
battel
,
&
reregarde
,
calling
the
vaward
that
which
lieth
next
the
Generals
tent
,
and
aunswereth
to
the
Launces
:
the
battell
that
which
answereth
to
the
men
at
armes
:
&
the
rereward
the
other
against
the
light
horsemen
.
Euerie
of
these
principall
Regiments
you
may
againe
diuide
into
fiue
smaller
Regiments
by
stréetes
of
ten
pace
brode
,
running
North
and
South
,
so
haue
you
15
lesse
Regiments
in
the
foote
Campe
,
and
5
a
péece
in
euery
of
the
horse
Campe
,
and
euerie
of
these
Regiments
are
100
pace
brode
,
&
170
pace
in
length
,
and
shall
containe
euerie
of
them
of
footemen
2000.
of
men
at
Armes
300.
of
Lances
400.
of
light
horsemen
500.
with
their
Collonels
,
Captaines
,
Officers
,
&c.
These
Collonels
&
Captaines
of
men
at
armes
,
may
be
lodged
at
the
head
of
their
Regiments
,
as
you
may
behold
in
the
camp
:
These
marked
with
G
are
for
the
Collonel
of
footemen
,
H
for
the
Captain
of
light
horsemen
,
I
for
the
Captaine
of
men
at
armes
,
and
K
for
the
Captaine
of
the
Lances
.
So
remaine
their
Regiments
of
100
pace
brode
,
and
150
pace
long
for
lodging
of
the
souldiers
,
which
may
by
small
stréetes
of
fiue
pace
brode
,
be
diuided
into
as
many
spaces
as
there
are
seuerall
bands
in
euerie
Regiment
,
and
then
the
harbinger
of
euerie
band
must
set
downe
the
officers
and
souldiers
of
their
bands
.
These
last
diuision
of
bonds
I
haue
omitted
,
because
in
so
smal
a
plat
it
would
bréede
but
confusion
,
and
the
thing
being
of
it self
most
plaine
,
it
should
be
tedious
to
rest
longer
thereupon
This
only
I
would
wish
the
Marshal
or
campemaster
to
obserue
,
that
his
shot
be
lodged
toward
the
outside
of
the
camp
,
that
they
may
be
always
ready
at
that
ring
of
the
camp
vpon
any
alarme
,
the
which
he
may
do
by
diuiding
the
vttermost
seuen
regiments
into
halfe
,
as
you
sée
by
the
pricked
lines
,
leauing
the
seuen
spaces
marked
with
L
for
the
7000
shot
,
&
the
other
noted
with
M
for
7000
pikes
,
al
the
other
regiments
marked
with
N
,
shal
be
the
lodgings
of
the
16000
short
weapons
▪
Thus
in
the
north
moity
of
your
campe
,
are
al
your
armed
,
both
horsemen
&
footmen
lodged
.
Now
the
other
moity
must
serue
for
the
lodgings
of
the
vnarmed
,
as
Pioners
,
Carters
,
Carpenters
,
Smithes
,
Butchers
,
Uictuallers
,
&
all
other
sorts
of
Mecanicall
artificers
,
togither
with
a
large
place
of
assembly
for
the
souldiers
to
retire
vnto
,
to
put
themselues
in
order
vpon
any
alarme
,
and
also
to
exercise
themselues
in
sundry
sorts
of
actiuitie
.
You
shall
therefore
from
the
southside
of
the
Generals
pauilion
600
pace
southward
,
extend
out
your
first
maine
stréete
of
40.
pace
broade
,
and
crosse
him
againe
with
an
other
stréet
,
running
east
&
weast
360
pace
distant
from
the
southside
of
the
Generals
pauilion
.
This
streete
néede
to
be
but
300
pace
in
breadth
.
Againe
extend
out
the
second
narrow
stréets
,
that
run
parallel
to
the
first
maine
stréete
,
till
you
come
to
the
crosse
stréete
last
made
:
so
haue
you
O
your
place
of
assemblie
330
pace
brode
,
and
540
pace
long
.
P
shal
be
appointed
for
the
munition
,
and
officers
attendant
on
the
artillarie
,
Q
the
market
place
:
round
about
this
market
place
may
be
lodged
the
Butchers
,
Bakers
,
Cookes
,
and
victualers
of
all
sorts
.
About
the
munition
quarter
,
besides
the
officers
and
Gunners
,
may
the
Smithes
,
Carpenters
,
Whéele
wrights
,
&
labourers
,
attendant
on
the
ordinance
be
placed
.
About
the
place
of
assembly
may
be
the
tents
of
all
such
as
furnish
the
campe
with
things
néedfull
for
the
souldiers
,
as
Armorers
,
Taylers
,
Shoomakers
,
and
all
such
like
artificers
.
Yet
remaine
there
two
long
swares
of
earth
,
either
of
them
540
pace
long
,
&
190
pace
brode
:
héere
you
may
settle
the
Carters
&
Wagoners
with
their
horse
and
Oxen
,
for
the
carriages
themselues
must
alwaies
impale
that
part
of
the
campe
,
that
is
not
otherwise
by
nature
and
arte
fortified
.
In
these
two
quarters
also
may
be
lodged
the
pioners
and
all
other
sort
of
labourers
,
that
aptly
cannot
or
ought
not
be
placed
in
or
about
the
former
courtes
or
quarters
of
assemblie
.
Last
of
all
,
you
shall
discribe
60
pace
distant
,
from
all
those
regiments
,
and
their
quarters
already
set
downe
.
The
ring
of
the
campe
,
causing
some
prettie
trenche
and
vaumure
to
be
throwne
vp
,
placing
your
ordinance
vpon
the
same
,
as
in
this
figure
is
described
,
and
betwéene
the
ordinance
your
carriages
:
and
this
may
suffice
,
if
the
enemie
be
not
very
puissant
,
or
néere
at
hand
:
but
if
you
suspect
the
ariual
of
the
enemy
,
or
that
you
know
him
stronger
in
the
field
then
your selfe
,
&
would
therefore
encampe
surely
,
vntill
further
aid
come
vnto
you
:
then
shall
you
without
this
ring
100
pace
distant
,
cause
your
pioners
and
souldiers
(
for
vpon
such
an
occasion
he
is
not
worthie
to
beare
the
name
of
a
souldier
that
will
not
set
his
hand
to
the
Spade
)
you
shall
cause
them
,
I
say
,
throw
vp
another
rampire
with
certaine
bulwarks
at
euery
corner
,
and
likewise
in
the
middle
of
the
Curtaine
,
that
Musket
shot
may
play
betwéene
them
,
or
if
time
would
permit
,
it
were
conuenient
euerie
12
score
to
haue
of
these
circular
platformes
with
a
Uamure
to
defend
the
small
shot
,
for
in
so
short
time
it
is
impossible
to
make
any
sufficient
rampire
to
abide
a
batterie
,
neither
can
a
campe
be
furnished
of
victuals
to
abide
any
long
time
,
and
that
is
the
cause
why
I
haue
discribed
those
plaine
circular
formes
,
which
in
fortification
of
a
fowne
or
for
were
more
ridiculous
,
and
in
a
campe
to
make
them
more
exquisite
,
were
no
lesse
foolish
curious
.
The
forme
and
proportion
of
the
Campe
.
The
forme
of
another
Campe
.
IN
the
second
booke
of
Marshall
discipline
,
Maister
Steward
,
as
I
take
it
out
some
Italian
translation
sets
downe
this
maner
of
Campe
,
which
I
will
bréefely
touch
.
After
the
returne
of
the
discouerers
and
espials
,
he
must
according
to
their
relation
,
march
to
such
a
place
where
he
may
encampe
,
to
store
himselfe
,
and
hinder
the
passage
of
victuals
to
his
enemies
,
wherein
he
must
conferre
with
the
chéefe
Purueyour
,
and
with
the
Sergeant
Maiors
and
others
,
whether
it
be
fit
for
the
fight
,
well
defenced
,
wholesome
in
aire
,
drie
vnder
foote
,
plentie
in
water
,
wood
,
and
medowe
,
and
haue
frée
passage
for
forrage
,
victuals
,
munitions
,
&c.
If
there
be
any
pallace
,
hall
,
or
house
,
the
same
is
to
be
allotted
for
the
Generall
,
otherwise
a
sit
proportion
of
encamping
,
so
as
the
men
at
armes
may
lodge
about
the
Generall
,
which
I
note
thus
.
□
.
The
Launces
and
light
horse
about
them
thus
noted
.
▵
.
Then
next
Merchants
and
victualers
,
thus
M.
V.
The
pikemen
thus
,
☌
.
being
next
about
them
.
The
Hargabuziers
in
the
square
about
them
thus
S.
Then
haue
you
the
lodgings
for
the
artillarie
,
thus
DD
,
or
a
Gun
.
Then
next
the
Bulwarkes
&
the
trenches
80
pace
in
breadth
.
The
crosse
broade
wayes
to
the
campe
30
pace
,
wherein
Marchants
,
artificers
,
and
victualers
may
lodge
,
but
his
speciall
drift
is
,
that
vpon
any
suddaine
Camisado
,
whilst
the
shot
,
pikes
,
and
light
Hargolateares
,
make
resistance
,
the
light
horsemen
,
Launces
,
with
the
men
at
armes
,
may
haue
leasure
to
arme
themselues
,
and
repaire
to
the
Generals
Pauillion
or
pallace
,
where
with
their
Launces
and
chasing
staues
in
fronte
on
foote
,
they
are
in
the
manner
of
Pikemen
to
trie
the
vttermost
of
their
strength
,
to
saue
their
Generall
and
the
armie
,
together
with
their
owne
honour
,
and
with
their
Launces
encounter
couragiously
with
the
enemies
Pikemen
,
who
being
already
wearied
with
their
former
encounter
,
shall
be
able
to
maintaine
the
fight
vntill
the
footemen
of
their
part
being
refreshed
,
giue
a
new
onset
and
put
their
enemies
to
flight
.
Thus
would
he
haue
the
footmen
,
the
horsemen
,
the
marchants
and
purueyours
,
the
craftsmen
,
souldier
to
souldier
,
back
to
backe
,
and
ridge
to
ridge
,
making
the
lodgings
double
,
vpon
the
banke
of
the
ditche
,
and
in
the
curtaines
he
may
place
artillarie
round
about
,
and
before
it
for
safetie
,
or
els
with
the
cariage
of
the
Munition
,
and
the
cariage
of
the
whole
armie
,
enuiron
it
for
his
defence
,
in
which
he
shall
immitate
the
Turke
,
who
with
his
carriage
with
Cammels
,
and
the
artillarie
,
dooth
e●…chaine
and
fortifie
the
Campe
,
which
we
in
liew
therof
plant
Gabions
,
Baskets
and
Barrels
full
of
earth
,
if
the
campe
make
continuance
:
néere
vnto
the
artillarie
the
Gunners
must
lodge
who
haue
charge
thereof
,
and
then
the
Hargabuziers
,
&c.
as
before
,
and
as
this
figure
sets
out
.
Heere
place
the
Plat
of
incamping
,
at
this
marke
*******
An
other
proportion
of
Encamping
.
MEssire
Guillaume
du
Bellay
Seigneur
de
Langeay
,
Knight
of
the
Order
,
and
Lientenant
to
the
king
of
Fraunce
at
Turin
,
in
his
first
booke
of
Millitarie
Discipline
,
dooth
in
this
sort
following
lodge
one
of
his
legions
of
footemen
,
consisting
of
12
bands
,
with
two
bands
of
horsemen
,
containing
euerie
one
100
men
at
armes
,
100
light
horse
,
50
Estradiots
,
and
50
Hargolateares
.
The
Collonell
is
placed
in
the
miost
,
two
crosse
stréetes
of
300
pace
long
,
and
60
large
,
for
marchants
,
artificers
,
and
victualers
,
the
place
before
the
trenches
60
pace
,
to
set
the
watch
,
to
exercise
armes
,
and
to
range
the
souldiers
in
battel
.
There
be
two
quarters
for
footmen
,
6
bands
a
péece
,
and
two
quarters
for
horsemen
,
the
which
their
vallets
are
to
entrench
with
a
smal
french
,
for
to
auoide
the
stealing
of
their
horses
,
which
the
footemen
often
do
,
the
ends
of
the
4
stréetes
are
to
be
shut
with
railes
or
gates
.
The
proportion
of
a
twofold
campe
.
IN
this
proportion
the
greatest
part
of
the
armie
is
placed
in
the
one
halfe
,
with
the
Generals
lodging
:
The
market
place
noted
thus
.
M.
The
place
for
munition
at
the
one
side
,
and
that
for
victuals
at
the
other
.
The
place
for
cattel
is
thus
marked
.
C
The
place
for
artificers
is
thus
,
A.
As
by
this
figure
appeareth
,
being
enuironed
with
souldiers
lodgings
.
The
manner
how
to
dislodge
and
march
away
from
the
enimies
Armie
.
HAuing
,
as
I
suppose
,
sufficiently
declared
what
an
Armie
ought
to
obserue
,
as
well
in
marching
as
in
camping
,
I
haue
thought
good
in
briefe
sort
to
shew
what
is
to
be
done
in
the
dislodging
of
an
armie
,
presupposing
that
the
two
armies
being
enimies
,
are
lodged
in
the
view
one
of
another
,
or
at
the
leastwise
but
small
distance
betwixt
them
.
And
for
that
it
is
a
thing
which
imports
the
high
Marshall
verie
much
,
to
know
how
he
ought
to
gouerne
himselfe
in
such
an
affaire
,
he
must
therein
haue
speciall
considerations
.
To
retire
in
the
night
and
so
to
get
away
from
the
enimie
,
séemes
to
be
the
onely
&
most
assured
way
that
can
be
chosen
,
neuerthelesse
that
way
is
not
sufficient
to
accomplish
his
determinations
,
if
he
which
meanes
to
retire
,
be
not
aided
by
the
situation
of
the
ground
,
and
other
qualities
of
the
place
and
countrie
,
whether
he
meanes
to
retire
▪
To
touch
particulars
I
say
,
when
you
dislodge
in
the
night
,
it
behoones
you
to
vse
the
greatest
diligence
you
can
,
which
neuerthelesse
,
as
I
said
,
is
no
wayes
sufficient
,
vnlesse
you
be
aided
by
the
situation
of
the
ground
:
for
he
that
is
to
march
through
plaines
and
open
places
,
without
hauing
any
wood
or
vallie
to
retire
his
armie
vnto
:
when
the
enimie
doth
perceiue
his
retrait
,
verie
hardly
(
as
I
haue
said
)
shal
he
be
able
to
procure
his
saftie
.
For
when
the
enimies
Cauallarie
haue
attained
him
,
they
will
easily
constraine
him
to
stay
,
and
force
him
to
fight
against
his
will
with
great
disorder
,
and
specially
if
he
conduct
Artillerie
and
other
impediments
appertaining
to
an
armie
,
which
no
reason
would
that
he
should
leaue
in
pray
and
spoile
to
the
enemies
.
Moreouer
an
army
must
not
be
made
to
march
faster
then
his
ordinarie
pace
:
for
if
it
should
be
hastned
with
an
extraordinarie
spéedie
pace
,
the
same
would
augment
the
euill
opinion
the
souldier●…
haue
had
to
conceaue
by
reason
of
their
retire
,
which
is
a
very
dangerous
thing
,
for
thereby
may
arise
a
disorder
without
redresse
,
as
oftentimes
hath
béene
experimented
.
The
armie
which
pursues
hath
not
these
difficulties
,
besides
she
may
leaue
behind
all
her
bagage
:
and
if
their
souldiers
be
pressed
to
march
fast
,
their
armie
thereby
shall
become
so
much
the
more
couragious
,
specially
if
the
Generall
,
Collonels
and
Captaines
vse
magnificent
spéeches
,
and
words
of
aduantage
,
as
is
conuenient
should
be
vsed
in
such
cases
.
Therefore
howsoeuer
it
●…all
out
,
the
retraite
made
in
the
night
,
séemes
to
me
not
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
assured
,
if
the
same
be
not
accompanied
with
the
situation
of
the
place
:
the
which
was
very
well
foreséene
and
put
in
practi●…e
by
Frauncis
the
French
king
of
Cambrasis
,
when
in
the
night
he
did
march
awaye
from
Charles
the
fift
,
for
by
the
succour
of
a
great
wood
,
he
put
all
his
armie
in
safetie
,
the
which
had
entire
past
the
said
wood
,
before
the
enemies
Cauallarie
could
ouertake
them
:
and
then
hauing
made
Alta
by
reason
of
the
aduantage
they
had
,
&
through
the
commodity
of
the
situation
of
the
ground
where
he
was
encamped
,
he
was
able
to
fight
with
the
emperialists
.
Contrariwise
,
they
hauing
ouer
hastily
followed
th●…
French
army
,
at
the
issue
of
the
word
setting
vpon
them
,
remained
for
the
most
part
either
taken
,
or
slaine
,
or
repulsed
.
The
Protestants
in
Germanie
did
vse
the
same
pollici●…
,
when
they
retired
away
from
the
Emperor
,
who
was
so
〈◊〉
●…
〈◊〉
vnto
them
,
that
they
could
not
,
no
not
in
the
night
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
,
but
the
empecialists
did
follow
them
,
for
whilst
the
Protestants
did
enter
into
a
valley
,
in
the
which
they
could
not
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
out
great
disaduantage
,
they
did
spéedely
seaze
vpon
a
hil
,
where
they
placed
a
good
troope
of
horsemen
and
footmen
,
with
certaine
field
péeces
,
by
meanes
of
this
hill
,
&
of
a
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
hand
,
which
they
had
fild
full
of
Hargabuziers
,
they
did
barre
the
Emperors
campe
from
following
them
,
euen
accordingly
as
they
had
determined
:
when
as
the
Emperor
being
approched
▪
and
perceiuing
them
to
be
retired
into
so
strange
a
place
,
both
by
nature
&
arte
,
he
suffered
them
to
passe
.
Therefore
I
say
,
by
the
〈◊〉
of
the
situation
of
the
ground
and
countrie
,
a
man
may
assure
his
retraite
,
as
by
these
examples
appeares
.
And
so
the
retraite
made
by
night
is
alwaies
best
,
for
then
you
may
with
greater
oportunitie
and
leasure
winne
or
attaine
to
any
place
of
aduantage
:
whereas
the
retire
made
by
day
,
without
assurance
of
some
place
of
aduantage
,
is
most
dangerous
,
vnlesse
it
be
that
he
which
makes
the
retraite
,
be
much
more
stronger
in
horsemen
.
Therefore
the
armie
which
is
the
weakest
,
ought
to
kéepe
himselfe
as
farre
off
from
the
enemie
,
as
he
can
:
to
the
intent
that
when
he
will
retire
,
he
be
not
constrained
to
fall
into
some
notable
disorder
.
THE
FIFT
BOOKE
OF
MILITARIE
DIRECTIONS
,
ENtreating
of
the
great
Master
of
the
Attillarie
,
of
the
Master
Gunner
,
of
generall
Notes
of
Fortification
,
of
the
besieging
,
expugning
,
and
defending
of
a
Portresse
,
&c.
And
first
,
The
Office
of
the
great
Master
of
the
Artillarie
.
THIS
great
Officer
,
and
man
of
singuler
estimation
,
after
hee
is
by
hys
Prince
or
Generall
Captaine
,
appointed
to
take
charge
of
the
Artillarie
,
he
must
make
an
inuentory
of
euerie
small
&
particuler
persell
,
that
accompany
the
peeces
of
Ordenance
:
for
that
they
be
almost
infinite
in
number
,
to
the
intent
the
same
may
alwaies
remain
ready
,
at
time
of
néed
,
&
that
therof
he
may
make
good
account
,
as
appertayneth
to
hym
that
doth
possesse
an
office
of
such
importaunce
.
When
he
is
to
march
in
Campania
,
(
as
it
is
to
be
presupposed
he
shall
)
it
is
requisite
that
he
make
prouision
,
that
euery
peece
haue
hys
sufficient
number
of
draught-Horses
and
Oxen
,
apt
to
carry
the
same
according
to
the
nature
of
the
Countrey
,
with
conuenient
speede
and
great
facilitie
.
The
sayd
Horses
or
Oxen
,
ought
alwaies
to
haue
men
for
the
purpose
to
gouerne
them
,
who
at
all
times
in
all
places
,
ought
euerie
one
to
lodge
neere
hys
owne
Péece
day
and
night
,
that
they
may
alwayes
be
ready
to
do
theyr
office
,
thereby
to
auoyde
confusion
,
that
vnawares
in
such
cases
doe
oftentimes
fall
,
when
things
be
not
well
placed
in
order
.
Likewise
it
is
conuenient
that
euerie
heauie
Peece
,
as
the
Cannon
,
Culuerine
,
Demiculuerine
,
or
Demicannon
,
haue
a
Gunner
to
attend
thereupon
:
and
euery
Gunner
haue
his
Coadiutor
or
〈◊〉
,
and
they
both
a
man
to
serue
them
and
to
ayde
them
to
〈◊〉
,
dischardge
,
mounte
,
wadde
,
clense
,
scoure
,
and
coole
the
〈◊〉
,
〈◊〉
they
are
ouerheated
:
For
which
there
must
be
alwayes
〈◊〉
,
〈◊〉
,
Uineger
,
colde
water
,
&c.
Besides
that
,
eu●…rie
heauie
Peece
in
some
certayne
respect
,
must
haue
alone
by
himselfe
,
a
Master
of
the
wood
and
a
Smyth
,
that
together
they
may
aptly
supply
the
needfull
force
and
strength
,
for
the
weelding
of
so
huge
and
heauie
a
Machine
as
is
a
Cannon
.
It
is
necessary
that
h●…
create
a
sufficient
Corporal
or
C●…nstable
ouer
the
Gunners
,
who
may
take
care
and
charge
ouer
them
,
and
that
hee
may
maintayne
and
keepe
order
amongst
them
:
yea
,
and
continually
ouerviewe
,
examine
,
and
search
the
Instruments
to
charge
,
to
sp●…nge
,
make
cleane
the
Peeces
,
coole
them
,
with
vineger
and
colde
water
,
and
such
lyke
.
This
Corporall
or
Cunstable
,
must
likewise
looke
to
the
lyfe
and
behauiour
of
the
Gunners
,
their
gouernment
and
customes
,
theyr
committed
and
conuenient
orders
,
their
obedience
and
actions
:
and
it
is
conuenient
,
that
he
prayse
and
confirme
the
good
dooings
of
them
,
and
reprehend
and
disprayse
the
euill
vse
of
others
,
making
report
thereof
to
his
chiefe
Captaine
&
master
,
for
that
he
may
readily
,
by
hys
meanes
,
who
hath
authoritie
,
vse
remedie
agaynst
such
inconuenience
as
wold
aryse
,
the
which
sometimes
is
occasion
of
great
disturbance
and
of
errours
of
importance
.
For
the
better
performance
of
this
great
Officers
seruice
,
hée
ought
to
be
very
curious
and
carefull
for
the
safe-keeping
of
the
Munition
of
powder
,
which
is
allotted
for
the
seruice
of
Artillary
,
Musket
and
Hargabuziers
,
and
fyre
works
:
so
lykewyse
he
must
haue
regard
to
the
Bulletes
,
to
the
Lead
,
to
the
Match
,
whether
it
be
of
Cotton
,
Hempe
or
Flex
:
to
the
Ladders
,
the
Iron
worke
,
the
wood
worke
,
the
Salt-peter
,
the
Coales
and
Brimstone
.
For
somtimes
,
euery
one
of
these
things
is
caried
by
it selfe
,
for
more
safty
agaynst
burning
and
artificiall
fyres
,
which
are
accustomed
to
be
carryed
for
the
seruyce
of
the
armie
,
and
to
furnish
and
suffice
,
during
the
warres
:
and
therefore
hee
must
take
care
,
that
hee
haue
good
prouision
of
Cartes
or
Wagons
,
or
some
other
sufficient
meane
,
apt
to
carry
these
Munitions
and
necessary
preparations
,
together
with
the
whole
quantity
of
Ropes
,
of
wood
,
fitte
and
com
modious
to
serue
for
the
vse
of
hys
office
:
Of
tables
,
apt
to
make
Bridges
ouer
ditches
,
&
in
all
other
places
where
the
passage
of
the
Artillarie
or
Armie
is
stauled
.
And
so
consequently
of
many
other
things
,
that
be
committed
to
hys
gouernment
to
conduct
:
since
that
the
Ordenance
with
the
impediments
belonging
thereunto
,
be
of
greater
trauayle
and
toyle
then
the
rest
of
the
Campe
.
To
this
Officer
therefore
appertaynes
a
Cunstable
or
Lieuetenant
,
as
I
sayd
before
,
and
certayne
Clarkes
in
wages
,
who
are
to
haue
regard
vnto
the
foresayde
causes
,
and
to
attend
vppon
inferior
matters
,
rendering
account
of
all
their
dooings
to
the
Master
of
the
Ordenance
.
From
time
to
time
he
must
fore-see
,
as
I
sayd
before
,
to
prouyde
that
there
remayne
stuffe
enough
in
store
,
for
all
kind
of
necessaries
,
belonging
to
the
Artillarie
:
as
whéeles
for
Ordenance
,
Axeltrees
,
Ladles
,
Spunges
,
bullets
,
chayne
shot
,
crosse
barres
,
corne
powder
,
&
serpentine
powder
,
Mattockes
,
shouelles
,
Crowes
of
yro●…
,
hand
Axes
,
Engines
for
the
mounting
of
Ordenance
,
Graund
Maundes
or
Gabions
,
little
hand
basketes
,
Ropes
,
and
all
other
Carte
ware
.
To
haue
the
Gunners
not
only
skilful
in
the
ready
managing
of
theyr
peeces
,
but
also
in
the
making
of
Trunckes
Balles
,
Arrowes
,
and
all
other
sortes
of
wylde
fyre
and
fyre
worke
:
and
for
the
continuall
supply
of
them
,
they
ought
to
haue
in
a
readinesse
,
great
store
of
Sulphure
,
Saltpeter
,
Rosine
,
Calx
viue
,
Quicke
peall
,
Lintesede
oile
and
common
Lampe
oyle
,
Pitch
,
Tarre
,
Camfere
,
Waxe
,
Tutia
,
Arsenicke
,
Quick
siluer
,
and
Aqua
vite
.
Hereof
let
him
frame
balles
of
fyre
,
to
burne
in
the
water
:
Cressets
and
Torches
that
stormes
or
windes
canont
extinguish
:
murthering
buullets
,
to
be
shot
out
of
great
morter
péeces
,
and
such
lyke
.
If
any
band
in
the
Campe
,
want
Powder
,
or
Match
,
or
shot
:
the
Master
of
the
Ordenance
,
vpon
request
of
the
Captaine
,
is
to
giue
order
,
that
his
Clarkes
deliuer
the
same
,
taking
a
bill
of
the
Captaynes
hand
for
theyr
discharge
.
The
which
bill
must
at
the
pay
day
,
bee
deliuered
to
the
Treasurer
,
who
is
to
stoppe
so
much
vpon
the
pay
of
the
Captaine
and
hys
band
.
Let
him
prouide
that
there
be
of
whéele-wrights
,
Carpenters
,
Coopers
,
Smithes
,
Bowyers
,
Fletchers
,
Masons
,
and
such
other
skilful
Artisans
,
with
all
tooles
and
necessary
néedfull
,
to
preserue
,
repayre
&
make
all
such
thinges
,
as
to
the
Artillarie
and
munition
appertaineth
.
To
him
likewise
it
appertayneth
,
to
cast
bridges
ouer
waters
,
Riuers
,
and
Ditches
,
for
the
commoditie
of
the
army
:
and
consequently
for
that
respect
,
must
take
great
care
to
carrie
wyth
hym
,
men
apt
,
sufficient
,
and
fitte
for
that
kinde
of
seruice
:
as
Shipwrightes
,
Wagon-wrightes
,
Makers
of
Cables
,
and
such
as
be
practised
in
sayling
,
to
the
intent
that
at
time
of
neeede
,
they
may
be
the
better
able
to
performe
any
enterprise
.
So
likewise
he
must
cause
certaine
boates
or
barks
to
be
made
,
somwhat
massiue
,
with
fitte
and
apt
peeces
of
plancks
and
boords
in
square
forme
,
for
a
bridge
to
be
fastned
and
nayled
vpon
the
said
Barke
,
in
such
sorte
,
that
being
ioyned
peece
to
péece
,
with
a
great
Rope
or
Cable
,
thrust
through
and
turned
double
,
through
certain
ringes
of
yron
,
which
are
fastened
vppon
the
extreame
partes
of
the
poyntes
or
corners
of
euerie
peece
of
the
bridge
,
and
for
euerie
peece
foure
Kinges
,
one
at
euery
corner
,
which
beeing
prepared
,
the
bridge
may
be
put
together
entyre
and
whole
.
Upon
that
side
the
Riuer
your
Armie
doth
remayne
,
where
two
stakes
,
two
pillers
,
or
two
Trées
stifly
planted
,
one
ende
of
the
bridge
must
bee
tyed
and
accommodated
,
with
ropes
of
sufficient
strength
:
the
which
ende
being
already
turned
towards
the
fall
of
the
Water
,
and
the
other
towards
the
running
of
the
streame
,
must
afterwards
be
sette
frée
&
loose
,
and
thrust
forth
and
disseuered
from
the
bancke
,
by
certaine
of
the
foresaid
men
practised
in
sayling
,
who
ought
at
due
time
cast
Anckers
into
the
Riuer
,
which
are
of
force
to
sustaine
the
bridge
,
from
béeing
carried
downe
further
then
his
prefixed
and
limitted
bonds
of
the
other
bancke
,
by
the
violent
course
of
the
running
of
the
water
.
The
which
bounds
&
marks
ought
to
be
fore-seene
,
and
the
largenes
of
the
Riuer
artificially
measured
,
if
the
same
be
desired
to
be
doone
exactly
:
that
iustly
&
at
the
same
instant
when
néede
doth
require
he
may
serue
his
turne
,
neyther
with
more
nor
lesse
number
of
barkes
or
boates
,
then
so
manie
as
is
necessary
for
the
breadth
of
the
Riuer
:
for
if
there
shoulde
bee
more
or
lesse
,
there
would
arise
great
confusion
or
disturbance
.
Thys
arteficiall
brydge
,
is
an
instrument
very
much
vsed
amongst
great
Armies
in
the
warres
at
these
dayes
,
as
was
manifest
by
the
preparation
of
one
made
at
Namures
,
for
Don
Iohn
of
Austria
,
and
this
figure
following
is
the
forme
thereof
.
It
shall
be
sometimes
good
to
plant
Souldiours
vppon
this
bridge
,
who
may
be
able
to
withstande
,
and
repulse
the
enemies
vpon
the
other
shore
,
that
they
doo
not
displant
the
same
,
but
that
you
may
be
able
to
recouer
the
shore
,
and
sustaine
the
bridge
.
The
Anckers
béeing
cast
,
and
Cables
ready
to
let
at
large
,
it
is
necessarie
to
let
the
head
of
the
bridge
slyppe
downe
slackly
,
and
be
disseuered
from
the
banckside
where
it
was
ioyned
together
▪
&
which
you
are
determined
to
leaue
,
and
to
aspect
the
running
of
the
water
,
carry
the
bridge
to
the
otherside
of
the
Riuer
,
ayded
by
the
industry
of
those
men
that
be
vpon
it
,
to
make
the
passage
more
easie
.
The
Armie
béeing
passed
the
Riuer
,
&
the
bridge
being
disseuered
péece
from
péece
,
&
drawne
on
lande
,
the
boords
nayled
to
the
boates
euen
as
they
bee
,
must
be
layde
vppon
a
broade
Waine
or
Wagon
,
made
of
purpose
for
the
carriage
of
them
after
the
Armie
,
so
shall
the
boate
remaine
with
the
bottome
turned
vp
towardes
the
skyes
,
and
the
boordes
ioyned
together
,
lye
flat
vpon
the
wagon
vnderneath
,
readie
for
any
other
action
.
Prouision
of
Horses
and
Oxen
,
will
easily
conduct
these
Engines
after
the
Campe
,
whilst
the
boate
and
the
boords
be
nailed
together
,
and
layde
vppon
a
carriage
prepared
of
purpose
for
the
same
,
as
before
appeareth
.
Hee
must
make
meanes
to
haue
a
sufficient
number
of
people
,
and
of
apt
proportion
to
make
gard
and
watch
about
the
Artillary
,
munition
,
arteficiall
fire
,
waines
,
wagons
,
&
other
things
necessary
for
the
siege
of
the
enemy
,
with
diuers
other
accidents
:
the
which
people
must
goe
with
him
continually
day
and
night
,
to
kéepe
good
and
perfect
watch
.
Besides
this
he
must
haue
a
band
of
Pyoners
,
of
conuenient
and
sufficient
quantitie
,
who
ought
to
haue
a
carefull
and
vigilant
Captayn
,
that
may
alwayes
guide
them
vnder
an
Ensigne
,
that
they
may
be
the
more
vnited
together
,
and
the
better
conducted
and
gouerned
.
Hée
must
moreouer
fore-sée
,
that
lykewise
they
be
defended
and
assured
from
inuasion
of
the
enemies
,
with
a
good
number
of
souldiours
,
whilst
they
make
the
wayes
euen
and
perfect
,
where
the
impediments
thereunto
appertayning
and
all
the
Campe
must
passe
.
The
sayd
Pyoners
,
must
be
prouided
o●…
Spades
,
Pickeares
,
some
with
Leauers
,
Crowes
of
Iron
,
Baskets
,
Whéele
barrows
,
and
other
Instruments
apt
to
such
vse
and
affayres
:
●…o
plant
Artillarie
,
and
to
entrench
the
place
in
the
Campe
,
that
shall
be
by
the
prouest
Martiall
assigned
for
Munition
.
It
shall
be
very
conuenient
if
it
were
possible
,
to
pay
them
their
wages
euery
night
:
for
since
they
are
not
men
of
estimation
and
honour
,
such
as
men
of
warre
be
,
and
right
souldiours
,
they
oftentimes
wil
depart
without
lycence
at
their
own
pleasure
.
Neither
haue
they
respect
of
incurring
danger
of
punishment
,
or
hazarde
of
life
,
no
nor
to
bring
great
discommoditie
to
an
Armie
.
The
which
through
the
benefite
of
theyr
worke
is
very
well
accommodate
and
strengthened
in
diuers
respects
,
not
onely
touchching
the
foresaid
causes
,
but
also
to
make
Trenches
,
Gabions
,
Mynes
,
Ditches
,
straight
and
crooked
,
and
all
other
platformes
conuenient
and
necessary
for
the
Armie
.
The
great
Maister
of
the
Artillarie
,
must
haue
about
him
a
Squadron
,
which
may
be
called
the
Gentlemen
of
the
Artillarie
,
Lanze
spezzate
,
or
Caualiers
of
the
Cannon
,
such
as
I
haue
described
in
my
seconde
Booke
to
be
of
S.
George
his
squadron
,
in
which
booke
they
may
reade
speciall
notes
about
their
duties
,
speciallie
in
the
Chapters
of
discoueries
.
These
Caualieres
,
euerie
one
hauing
the
ouersight
of
a
Péece
,
especially
at
a
battery
,
when
they
must
see
continually
that
the
Gunners
doe
their
duety
,
I
would
wishe
to
be
very
sufficient
personages
,
to
the
intent
they
may
be
able
to
know
how
to
execute
the
great
Maisters
ordinances
,
in
things
necessary
to
be
performed
in
so
great
actions
:
and
that
particulerlie
they
desire
to
be
accounted
discréete
and
modest
souldiours
,
whose
office
is
,
continually
to
sollicite
and
kéepe
in
order
such
men
as
be
vndiscreet
and
rude
.
Not
onely
the
great
Maister
,
and
his
other
Officers
,
but
also
these
worthy
Caualieres
,
ought
to
be
of
sufficient
vnderstanding
and
experience
,
to
know
howe
to
charge
euery
Péece
,
and
afterwardes
be
able
to
perceiue
(
as
néere
as
is
possible
)
what
effects
the
shotte
of
euery
Cannon
will
worke
,
the
shotte
of
euery
Culuerine
,
the
demie
of
them
both
,
and
likewise
what
euery
Peece
is
able
to
performe
,
to
the
intent
he
be
not
alwaies
ouer-ruled
by
the
iudgement
of
euery
Gunner
:
which
his
experience
,
is
both
profitable
to
his
Prince
,
and
commendable
to
his
proper
credite
and
reputation
.
It
is
a
speciall
note
for
them
to
obserue
,
that
Wine
&
Uineger
,
be
apt
to
coole
and
refresh
the
Artillarie
when
it
is
ouer
hote
through
often
shooting
.
In
these
and
such
like
matters
,
hee
must
delight
himselfe
,
that
he
may
be
of
perfect
experience
,
and
be
fullie
prouided
for
all
exployts
that
may
fall
,
and
for
any
other
notable
respect
,
worthy
of
great
consideration
.
Hée
must
take
assured
order
,
that
the
Péeces
of
Artillarie
,
be
well
planted
vpon
theyr
cariages
,
forceablie
&
substantially
,
and
in
respect
of
the
performance
of
this
seruice
,
hee
must
carrie
with
him
more
then
the
ordinarie
store
of
Spades
,
Shouels
,
Barrels
,
Salt
,
Spokes
,
Plates
,
Naues
,
Ax●…ltrées
,
broad
Nailes
,
Spykings
,
and
other
ordinarie
yron
worke
,
that
he
may
vpon
a
suddaine
,
with
the
helpe
of
a
Smith
and
Carpenter
,
and
other
like
Artificers
,
which
are
appointed
in
cases
of
such
néede
,
yéeld
a
supply
to
all
such
things
,
which
shall
be
lost
,
broken
,
and
destroied
in
a
long
voyage
,
or
els
by
many
volles
of
shot
.
Note
that
the
great
Maister
ought
to
haue
good
vnderstanding
and
experience
,
how
to
prepare
with
great
aduantage
,
with
Gabions
and
Rampiers
of
earth
,
or
with
wooll
packs
,
the
place
where
the
batterie
must
be
planted
,
to
the
intent
the
said
batterie
may
take
effect
,
that
the
flankers
and
curtine
may
spéedily
and
with
little
charge
be
battered
&
ruinate
,
that
all
things
may
succéede
according
to
his
determination
,
in
as
perfect
order
as
is
possible
,
and
that
it
may
take
away
and
make
frustrate
all
the
enemies
defences
,
bursting
and
displanting
theyr
Péeces
,
&
tormenting
them
in
as
terrible
sort
as
he
can
deuise
,
procuring
,
and
alwaies
fore-séeing
,
that
there
be
a
sufficient
battery
made
,
&
that
it
be
easie
for
the
souldiours
to
ascend
vp
vpon
their
assault
,
that
they
be
not
forced
to
make
a
shamefull
retire
,
to
theyr
great
dyscredite
and
destruction
.
Therefore
it
is
most
necessarie
,
and
altogether
requisite
,
that
in
batterie
,
or
in
any
other
naturall
forme
of
assault
,
not
only
the
breach
be
sufficient
,
large
,
and
easie
,
to
mount
vppon
and
ascend
,
but
also
that
hee
vse
dilligence
to
dismount
the
enemies
defences
,
that
is
to
say
,
such
Péeces
as
annoy
the
Campe
,
and
that
the
flankers
be
cut
off
before
any
assault
be
giuen
,
as
I
shal
more
at
large
héereafter
declare
,
to
the
intent
the
meaning
of
theyr
assault
take
effect
,
which
is
,
to
enter
the
Towne
,
that
the
slaughter
and
great
destruction
of
many
notable
Captaines
and
souldiours
may
bée
auoyded
.
Hée
must
endeuour
himselfe
to
haue
knowledge
in
making
of
Mynes
,
Ouens
,
and
Caues
,
and
to
know
howe
to
order
and
vse
them
:
the
which
things
,
if
they
be
made
conformable
to
their
due
as
they
ought
,
are
of
meruailous
ayde
to
those
the
besiedge
a
Fortresse
:
but
aboue
all
things
,
hee
must
be
very
warie
and
circumspect
in
making
them
,
that
the
besieged
doo
not
perceiue
they
are
myned
,
to
the
intent
they
preuent
not
the
same
by
making
countermines
:
the
which
sort
of
working
dooth
easily
hinder
Mynes
,
or
otherwise
by
sincking
of
déepe
wels
,
or
profound
holes
&
pits
,
the
which
choke
vp
the
Mynes
when
they
encounter
with
them
.
And
if
by
Mynes
hee
performe
any
thing
,
to
giue
order
that
the
Captaine
of
the
Minors
and
Pyoners
,
accomplish
his
directions
.
Hée
should
likwise
take
delight
,
to
cause
powder
be
made
,
and
arteficiall
fire
of
all
sorts
,
and
to
the
intent
he
may
commodiously
performe
these
things
,
and
make
them
with
greater
facilitie
,
hee
must
carry
with
him
necessary
instruments
for
the
same
,
as
Morters
,
pestles
,
troughes
,
Cribles
to
sift
,
tables
to
dry
vpon
,
yron
work
to
refyne
saltpeter
,
Cawdrons
,
Coullanders
,
or
strayners
,
and
such
like
.
Hée
ought
to
be
learned
in
auncient
and
moderne
hystories
,
and
to
consider
and
compare
the
manifold
stratagems
that
other
notable
Souldiers
haue
héeretofore
vsed
.
To
deuise
sundry
Engines
for
assaults
defences
,
and
to
be
cunning
in
framing
sundrie
sorts
of
bridges
for
passage
of
waters
,
to
diuert
the
course
of
waters
,
or
to
drowne
any
Country
or
Fort
subiect
therunto
,
to
conuey
great
Ordenaunce
ouer
Marishes
,
and
other
ingenious
inuentions
.
Hée
must
likewise
haue
exquisite
knowledge
in
the
Mathematicals
,
considering
thereby
he
shall
be
able
,
certainly
to
shoote
at
all
randons
,
to
conuey
Mynes
vnder
earth
,
to
any
Curtine
,
Bulwarke
,
or
other
place
,
that
hee
determines
by
violence
of
powder
to
rent
in
péeces
.
To
make
a
coniecture
&
forecast
,
what
quantitie
of
shotte
,
powder
,
&c.
shall
be
requisite
to
serue
the
Campe
,
to
suffise
a
battery
,
myne
,
or
any
other
exployt
.
To
sette
out
in
due
proportion
euery
particuler
fortification
,
of
Campe
,
Towne
or
Fort
,
where
Ordenaunce
is
to
be
vsed
,
which
cannot
possibly
without
knowledge
in
these
Sciences
be
sufficiently
discharged
.
And
that
Maister
of
the
Ordenaunce
that
is
ignoraunt
héerein
himselfe
,
and
trusteth
to
the
skyll
of
others
,
shal
be
abused
by
audacious
presumptuous
persons
,
that
taking
vpon
them
the
knowledge
they
vtterly
want
,
will
shame
themselues
,
dishonour
him
,
and
foyle
the
enterprise
.
In
the
fielde
,
when
soeuer
any
day
of
seruice
is
,
it
is
the
office
of
the
great
Maister
of
the
Orednaunce
,
to
select
a
conuenient
place
to
plant
his
Ordenaunce
,
as
well
to
annoy
the
enemie
,
as
also
to
be
in
such
sort
garded
and
fortified
,
that
it
be
not
surprised
of
the
enemie
.
In
the
Campe
he
onely
ought
to
giue
order
for
the
planting
of
the
Artillarie
,
and
fortification
of
the
flankes
.
And
that
the
Ordenaunce
be
planted
to
the
best
aduantage
,
and
also
to
fore-see
that
the
Maister
Gunner
,
and
the
other
Gunners
doo
their
duties
,
which
doo
appertaine
to
theyr
office
.
Finally
,
thys
office
is
of
great
reputation
in
the
fielde
,
vppon
the
execution
whereof
great
seruice
dependeth
.
And
therefore
the
great
Maister
of
the
Ordenance
,
ought
to
be
a
man
of
great
learning
and
experience
:
whereby
he
may
bee
able
to
conceiue
&
performe
many
particuler
actions
.
Since
he
is
one
of
the
principall
Officers
of
the
field
,
hauing
(
as
I
haue
already
said
)
charge
of
the
Artillary
,
munition
,
and
fortification
,
in
which
exployts
,
a
verie
good
wit
,
without
trayning
and
experience
,
shall
stagger
and
be
amazed
.
But
because
it
is
neither
possible
nor
conuenient
,
that
the
Maister
of
the
Ordenaunce
,
shoulde
attend
vppon
all
the
premisses
himselfe
,
hee
may
commit
(
as
I
haue
sayd
)
inferiour
causes
to
the
execution
of
his
Lieuetenant
or
Constable
,
and
to
the
Gentlemen
of
the
Artillarie
,
Caualieres
of
the
Canon
,
or
voluntarie
Lieuetenants
,
reseruing
alwaies
to
himselfe
the
disposition
of
the
great
and
most
important
.
The
Office
of
the
Maister
Gunner
.
The
Maister
Gunner
is
but
an
Officer
appertaining
to
the
great
Maister
of
the
Artillarie
,
and
his
Office
is
,
to
see
all
the
inferiour
Gunners
to
doo
theyr
dueties
,
to
be
skilfull
and
readie
in
theyr
charging
,
discharging
,
cooling
,
leueling
,
and
mounting
of
the
Ordenance
,
and
to
haue
in
readines
,
bullets
,
powder
,
ladles
,
and
spunges
,
to
wadde
,
ramme
,
coole
,
and
charge
the
péeces
,
also
to
peruse
the
cariages
and
whéeles
,
that
they
be
strong
,
and
the
Péeces
themselues
,
that
they
haue
no
honie-combes
or
flawes
in
them
,
whereby
they
should
be
in
danger
of
breaking
.
To
haue
in
store
crosse-barres
,
chaynshot
,
cases
of
haileshot
,
in
manner
of
Cartages
,
trunckes
and
bals
of
wild
fyre
,
with
artificiall
barrels
of
preble
stones
charged
with
powder
,
to
throwe
into
Ditches
,
or
to
defend
a
breach
vpon
any
suddaine
attempt
.
These
and
such
like
,
are
matters
for
the
Maister
Gunner
to
occupie
himselfe
in
,
and
to
make
proofes
of
them
in
the
presence
of
the
Maister
of
the
Ordenance
,
that
he
may
sée
the
effect
&
violence
of
them
.
The
Office
of
the
fyre
Maister
.
Thys
Officer
,
the
better
to
performe
his
duetie
,
at
the
enterance
into
his
Office
,
must
take
his
oth
,
to
be
true
and
iust
in
his
Office
,
and
that
without
speciall
commaundement
of
the
Generall
,
not
to
aduenture
to
set
any
thing
on
fire
,
vnlesse
that
the
enemie
be
inuaded
and
encountered
withall
,
and
then
without
delay
,
all
matters
layd
apart
,
to
annoy
the
enemie
by
hysskill
what
he
may
.
And
that
he
doo
not
burne
or
wast
any
Corne-houses
or
other
thing
that
may
any
wayes
profit
the
Campe
.
And
that
to
his
knowledge
he
shall
not
hurt
or
hinder
any
poore
creature
or
aged
person
that
he
may
well
spare
,
but
extend
mercy
and
pittie
on
them
.
Hys
Office
is
,
to
make
and
carry
with
the
Campe
all
sorts
of
arteficiall
fire-works
,
and
Engines
of
fire
to
endomage
the
enemie
.
Certaine
generall
notes
of
fortification
,
necessarie
for
a
singuler
souldiour
or
ingenior
to
knowe
.
ALthough
many
Authours
haue
in
long
discourses
written
of
fortifications
,
neuerthelesse
,
for
that
it
seemes
vnto
me
a
thing
necessary
to
be
vnderstood
of
a
Souldiour
,
at
leastwise
of
hym
,
which
by
way
of
merite
,
meanes
to
obtaine
recompence
of
such
Captaine
Generals
,
as
be
famous
professors
of
thys
honourable
discipline
,
I
therefore
resolue
with
my selfe
,
to
declare
my
opinion
,
but
onely
in
generall
and
not
in
particuler
,
which
I
leaue
to
those
that
be
Maisters
of
this
warlike
Architecture
.
Thys
arte
for
the
most
part
,
is
grounded
vppon
the
knowledge
how
to
accomodate
all
things
with
a
requisite
forme
,
agréeable
to
the
situation
of
the
ground
where
one
determines
to
fortifie
.
The
which
ought
to
be
made
with
Trenches
,
and
conuenient
workmanshyp
,
well
flanked
,
and
the
circute
of
the
ground
wythin
,
as
néere
as
is
possible
,
large
on
euery
side
,
and
so
towards
the
manifest
oppositions
of
the
enemies
,
there
ought
to
be
planted
and
made
round
and
sharpe
corners
.
The
meanes
howe
to
doe
the
same
,
is
to
leaue
them
beneath
in
the
Ditch
as
they
bee
,
and
from
the
midst
vpwarde
rounded
or
pared
,
for
aboue
where
they
be
most
easily
battered
,
they
be
round
,
to
the
intent
they
may
be
the
stronger
,
and
beneath
sharpe
,
which
may
be
very
well
defended
from
the
shotte
,
which
the
enemie
cannot
lay
so
low
,
as
if
the
angle
were
round
beneath
,
and
thys
is
the
best
order
that
may
be
vsed
touching
the
sharp
corners
of
Bulwarks
.
Towards
the
opposition
of
the
enemie
,
these
foresaid
angles
,
or
corners
,
curtines
,
couers
,
or
other
such
like
workes
of
bulwarks
ought
to
be
turned
,
with
theyr
defence
of
Casamatte
,
with
theyr
coūtercouers
,
that
is
to
say
,
shadowed
in
such
sort
as
they
cannot
be
battered
or
choked
,
of
the
foresaide
platformes
placed
opposite
by
the
enemy
,
and
much
lesse
be
séene
or
discerned
if
it
be
possible
.
Neyther
let
him
put
his
confidence
in
counterscarpes
,
or
els
in
adioyned
platformes
,
bulwarks
,
or
Caualieres
,
sholdered
and
arteficially
made
,
which
doo
couer
or
shadow
them
,
neither
in
déepe
Ditches
that
doo
incompasse
them
:
for
that
the
oppositions
beeing
manifest
,
the
one
may
be
scaled
and
the
other
broken
downe
with
Pickaxe
&
Spade
,
for
by
the
fauourable
couer
of
close
and
crooked
Ditches
and
Trenches
,
Pyoners
may
very
easily
be
guided
,
with
those
and
such
like
instruments
vnto
them
,
beeing
euer
accompanied
with
a
good
garde
of
Souldiours
.
Note
that
the
Bastillions
be
massiue
,
the
Parapettes
grosse
,
the
Gabions
strong
and
stifly
radled
,
and
full
of
good
matter
of
earth
,
purged
from
stones
,
apt
to
be
incorporated
,
and
cleaue
together
:
and
aboue
all
,
it
is
requisite
,
the
Fortresse
be
compassed
wyth
strong
Ditches
,
that
is
to
say
,
cutte
out
of
firme
and
naturall
grounde
,
and
not
forced
vppe
of
heaped
earth
,
which
is
remooueable
,
and
that
they
be
large
,
profound
and
deepe
,
in
the
which
the
fortification
may
remaine
couered
,
and
closely
hid
,
euen
to
the
height
of
the
Scarpe
,
and
edge
of
the
same
,
to
the
intent
the
Parapettes
be
onely
seene
and
no
other
.
Take
speciall
care
that
the
Scarpe
of
the
wall
or
the
Trenches
,
doo
not
so
much
decline
,
that
by
theyr
ouer-much
declination
,
the
circuit
of
the
Forte
,
the
which
is
in
making
,
be
not
deuoured
and
made
straighter
then
was
determined
,
and
the
worke
did
require
:
the
want
of
the
obseruation
wherof
,
hath
brought
many
fortifications
to
great
defects
.
When
these
fortifications
be
redused
,
into
a
reasonable
condition
&
perfect
forme
:
it
is
an
easie
thing
for
a
Mason
to
mantle
the
same
with
a
wall
of
stone
,
sande
,
and
chalke
,
being
a
morter
more
firme
and
stable
,
doone
by
the
ayde
neuerthelesse
,
of
those
that
haue
knowledge
in
Architecture
.
For
that
in
the
greatest
part
of
thys
worke
it
is
not
necessarie
,
that
the
wall
therof
cause
any
other
effect
,
than
onely
to
sustaine
,
wyth
his
counterforts
and
other
arteficiall
deuises
,
the
weight
of
the
earth
,
and
to
prouide
in
the
one
and
in
the
other
of
them
,
as
neere
as
it
is
possible
,
Countermines
,
lyghtes
,
breathings
,
hoales
or
windowes
,
and
pittes
,
wrought
in
theyr
right
places
,
and
in
due
sorte
:
therby
to
auoyde
and
make
frustrate
,
the
Mynes
,
hoales
and
Ouens
,
that
the
enimy
shall
cause
to
be
made
.
By
the
comoditie
of
which
Countermines
,
is
vnderstoode
and
known
very
comodiously
,
when
the
enemy
dooth
secretly
labour
vnderneath
the
earth
,
to
annoy
the
besieged
.
To
bee
aduertised
therof
,
place
within
these
Caues
vpon
the
playne
ground
,
a
Drum
,
on
the
one
end
,
and
lay
certaine
dice
vppon
the
skinne
,
which
dice
,
the
enemy
labouring
vnder
the
earth
,
neere
vnto
the
wall
,
cannot
lye
still
and
quiet
:
but
by
reason
of
theyr
worke
vnder
the
earth
,
(
although
not
séene
of
the
Defendants
)
doe
remoue
and
leape
.
Otherwise
placing
within
the
sayd
Countermynes
,
and
vpon
the
playne
ground
,
a
bason
of
Copper
,
Tinne
,
or
Brasse
,
or
of
such
like
mettall
,
full
of
Water
,
the
enemie
labouring
vnder
the
earth
,
neere
vnto
the
wall
,
by
reason
of
the
sayd
strokes
and
working
,
although
the
same
remayne
vnséene
of
the
eye
,
neuerthelesse
the
water
shall
be
séene
to
remooue
and
tremble
,
a
manifest
shewe
of
their
myning
,
which
may
suddaynly
be
preuented
,
by
meanes
of
these
Countermynes
,
or
such
like
preparation
as
dooth
serue
for
that
purpose
.
Some
vse
to
lay
a
sacke
of
Wooll
in
the
Countermines
,
and
vpon
the
same
a
bason
of
Copper
wherein
is
put
thrée
or
4.
round
harde
pease
,
the
which
will
mooue
and
ring
against
the
side
of
the
bottome
of
the
bason
,
at
the
strokes
of
the
Miners
of
the
enemie
.
These
walled
Countermines
,
séeme
to
be
sufficient
to
finde
out
any
other
hidden
or
secrete
deceite
of
the
enemie
,
neither
ought
they
in
my
iudgement
,
to
be
dispraysed
,
as
some
doe
,
which
cause
them
not
to
be
made
in
their
fortifications
,
alledging
for
their
ercuse
,
the
auoyding
of
expence
,
which
presumption
,
perchance
in
the
ende
,
will
become
the
cause
of
theyr
ruine
.
Note
that
the
firme
and
reall
deefnce
,
consistes
more
in
the
thicke
and
grosse
platformes
of
earth
,
béeing
well
compounded
and
made
of
good
matter
,
rather
then
in
stone
walles
,
although
they
be
meruailous
massiue
,
and
of
extreame
thicknes
,
considering
that
against
the
force
and
violent
furie
of
Artillarie
,
that
substaunce
dooth
most
resist
,
and
receiue
lesse
domage
by
theyr
blowes
,
giuing
place
with
an
arteficiall
yeelding
,
rather
then
by
the
force
of
stubborne
resistaunce
.
It
is
manifest
,
that
to
ruinate
or
make
that
wall
to
fal
,
which
dooth
lightly
giue
place
to
the
blowes
of
the
Artillarie
,
and
suffers
the
bullets
to
enter
and
pearse
the
same
with
smal
difficultie
,
that
the
same
be
shaken
,
cut
and
loosed
with
the
often
blowes
of
Artillarie
,
and
by
the
often
reiterating
of
vollées
of
shot
,
(
as
of
necessitie
you
must
)
to
breake
and
beate
downe
the
same
:
yet
notwithstanding
there
followes
very
small
effect
,
for
that
sometimes
the
same
is
battered
lesse
,
and
with
lesse
furie
then
is
requisite
.
But
the
massiue
wall
of
stone
,
greater
ruine
is
made
by
the
enemy
than
sometimes
he
desires
,
and
with
small
labour
,
which
onely
comes
to
passe
by
the
stubborne
resistance
of
the
firme
and
massiue
deade
wall
:
the
which
the
Artillarie
for
the
most
part
,
as
well
farre
of
the
battery
,
as
néere
it
,
only
by
the
forceable
shaking
therof
,
brings
great
confusion
to
the
defenders
.
Therefore
besides
these
foresaid
aduertisements
,
it
is
conuenient
a
good
Souldiour
,
haue
long
practise
of
the
effects
,
&
extreme
force
of
the
Artillarie
,
and
of
the
diligent
arte
and
infinite
pollicies
,
vsed
of
souldiours
of
valour
,
the
which
is
farre
more
then
any
witte
of
small
practise
can
imagine
,
since
that
he
is
not
capable
of
any
thing
,
but
that
his
simple
iudgement
doth
behold
.
And
for
thys
respect
,
besides
a
particuler
profession
in
this
art
,
it
behoues
hym
of
necessity
to
be
able
to
draw
proportions
.
That
he
haue
knowledge
in
the
art
prospectiue
,
in
numbers
,
in
measure
,
in
making
of
Gabions
,
in
making
of
Lotte
,
compounde
&
simple
,
to
nayle
them
dispearse
and
sowe
them
,
to
compounde
Fagote
of
good
boughes
,
to
know
how
to
ioyne
and
mayle
with
wood
,
these
kynde
of
workes
,
to
dispearse
and
distribute
the
earth
with
sufficiency
,
and
that
it
be
well
deuided
or
sifted
amongst
the
Fagots
and
cliftes
,
to
the
ende
that
they
may
be
easyly
endomaged
with
fyre
,
and
thereby
to
make
them
stedfast
.
To
beate
well
downe
and
fasten
the
labour
with
maules
of
wood
,
to
giue
reasonable
and
easie
issue
to
the
course
of
water
,
that
might
chaunce
to
make
corruption
,
and
to
make
cloach
large
and
walled
,
and
not
otherwise
:
for
that
by
meanes
of
water
,
such
lyke
workes
are
accustomed
to
receiue
great
ruines
and
hinderance
.
And
it
is
necessary
moreouer
for
him
to
knowe
:
howe
with
due
measures
to
forme
Bulwarkes
,
Caualieres
,
Platformes
,
straight
and
crooked
,
Casemates
,
Couers
,
Canoneres
,
Merlones
,
Curtines
Scarpes
,
false
Portes
,
secrete
issues
for
footemen
and
horse
men
,
Counterditches
,
Ditches
,
Sholders
and
Counterscarpes
,
and
he
must
beware
that
in
hys
parapettes
,
he
make
no
windows
nor
loope
holes
neyther
small
nor
great
,
to
the
intent
they
be
not
choked
,
neyther
strooken
by
leuill
,
nor
displanted
of
the
Enimye
,
with
hys
Artillarie
.
But
he
must
prouyde
that
the
sayd
Parapettes
be
so
placed
,
that
very
commodiously
the
Artillarie
,
the
Muskets
,
the
Hargabuziers
,
and
all
other
sortes
of
offensiue
weapons
,
may
play
and
trouble
the
Enimy
,
without
being
(
as
is
afforesayde
)
manifestly
disturbed
and
displanted
by
the
enimy
.
Touching
the
entryes
or
Gates
which
bee
made
to
enter
into
Fortresses
:
they
ought
to
bee
made
in
the
midst
of
the
Curtine
,
or
rather
neere
adioyning
to
the
flanke
of
the
Bulwarke
:
with
a
bridge
of
wood
,
to
the
intent
that
in
time
of
siege
,
the
same
may
be
cut
downe
or
burnt
.
The
Porte
ought
to
be
so
lowe
,
that
being
on
the
Counterscarpe
without
,
the
same
remayne
discouerd
.
It
is
requisite
also
,
that
at
the
entrie
of
the
sayd
Porte
,
there
be
a
safe
place
for
diuers
respects
:
and
specially
to
keepe
assured
the
Souldiours
Armes
.
In
the
bottome
of
the
Merlone
,
or
rather
néere
adioyning
to
the
flancke
of
the
Bulwarke
,
an
issue
must
be
made
,
which
may
serue
for
the
Souldiours
(
whilst
the
batterie
is
in
making
)
to
issue
foorth
:
to
the
intent
also
they
may
defende
the
Dytch
,
and
take
away
the
ruines
of
the
batterie
,
because
they
would
hinder
the
Cannoniers
,
and
be
a
meanes
that
the
enemie
myght
approch
the
néerer
.
There
be
many
which
require
that
the
Curtines
shold
compasse
,
or
be
bended
inward
towardes
the
Fortresse
,
with
a
platforme
eyther
within
or
without
,
or
a
Caualiere
vpon
the
brinke
of
the
sayd
Curtine
.
They
alledge
for
theyr
reason
,
that
the
enemy
thereby
is
much
more
endomaged
,
and
that
his
battery
is
more
crooked
,
and
therefore
procures
lesse
danger
to
the
Fortresse
then
if
it
were
straight
.
But
I
am
of
an
opinion
,
that
if
a
man
worke
in
that
sort
,
the
bulwarks
cannot
haue
theyr
ample
places
,
and
thicke
sholders
,
to
be
able
to
sustaine
the
blowes
of
the
Artillarie
,
and
euen
so
it
should
be
likewise
difficile
to
make
retraites
.
Therefore
I
thinke
it
is
not
good
to
haue
the
Curtines
folded
compasse
wise
or
crooked
,
if
the
situation
of
the
place
doo
not
require
the
same
.
But
I
would
rather
they
should
be
straight
from
one
Bulwarke
to
another
.
And
furthermore
,
it
were
good
that
they
were
of
such
length
,
that
not
only
the
great
Cannons
of
the
first
place
,
but
also
the
smal
Peeces
may
clense
the
front
of
the
Bulwarke
.
Some
perchance
wil
affirme
,
that
the
Curtyne
being
short
,
the
great
Cannons
would
become
hurtfull
to
the
Bulwarks
of
the
Fortresse
.
For
aunswere
whereof
,
I
say
:
That
in
the
first
place
when
the
enimie
doth
assault
the
Forte
,
the
great
Cannons
ought
not
to
bee
charged
with
bullets
,
for
defence
of
the
sayd
Forte
:
but
rather
filde
with
peeces
of
yron
,
or
of
some
other
Mettall
,
or
with
stones
or
chaynes
,
for
these
thinges
worke
a
marueilous
effect
,
against
the
assaults
and
Escalades
which
the
Enimie
doth
giue
.
To
shoote
bullets
in
great
Cannons
were
good
,
when
the
Ditch
is
full
of
Rockes
and
heapes
of
stones
:
for
the
sayd
Bullet
striking
amidst
the
sayd
he
apes
of
stones
,
dispearsing
&
sparkeling
them
,
will
make
a
great
slaughter
of
those
which
giue
the
assault
.
Bullets
in
the
great
Cannons
be
good
also
to
break
the
Trenches
and
Engines
,
which
the
enimies
make
within
the
Dith
:
Moreouer
the
length
of
the
Curtine
beeing
correspondent
to
the
carying
of
the
small
Peeces
,
is
cause
that
the
shot
of
the
sayde
Peeces
,
becomes
the
dispatch
and
mortalitie
of
the
Enimies
,
and
the
defence
and
sustentation
of
the
Fortresse
:
for
almost
against
all
Fortresses
,
the
Enimie
worketh
vnder
the
Curtine
with
Trenches
,
in
cutting
through
the
Counterscarpe
,
or
rather
by
filling
of
the
ditch
,
thereby
the
more
commodiously
to
cut
the
sayde
Curtine
or
Bulwarke
,
and
so
make
steppes
or
degrees
,
to
ascende
to
giue
assault
to
the
Fortresse
:
as
I
sawe
performed
at
the
siege
of
Limbourgh
,
the
head
Citty
of
that
Dutchie
,
where
the
Prince
of
Parma
being
Lieuete●…ant
of
the
Armie
,
in
Don
Iohn
d'austria
hys
absence
,
betwixt
the
batterie
and
the
breach
in
bottome
of
the
dry
Ditch
,
certaine
close
couerts
were
made
,
from
whence
the
Souldiers
might
ascend
vp
to
giue
the
assault
,
by
certayne
steppes
cut
out
of
the
hyll
and
Bulwarke
it selfe
,
by
which
the
towne
was
entred
,
although
in
ende
it
yeelded
.
It
is
profitable
to
haue
water
in
the
ditch
,
when
a
Fortresse
is
situate
in
such
a
place
,
that
it
borders
vppon
diuers
Enimies
:
for
water
brings
with
it
this
comodity
,
that
vnawares
in
the
night
,
it
cannot
be
assaulted
by
Escalade
.
Water
likewise
is
profitable
to
small
Fortresses
,
wherein
there
is
not
such
great
numbers
of
people
,
as
one
may
be
able
to
make
issue
for
the
defence
thereof
.
But
for
a
great
Fortresse
where
it
is
necessary
to
make
sallies
,
it
is
requisite
the
ditch
be
dry
,
for
that
in
the
same
a
man
hath
space
to
make
retraites
,
and
is
farre
more
commodious
to
make
issues
and
sallies
,
to
defende
the
sayd
Ditch
,
specially
if
the
bancke
descending
from
the
Curtine
,
bee
cutte
rounde
with
couert
and
close
Trenches
,
euen
with
the
Counterscarpe
:
as
was
about
the
dry
Ditch
of
Louayne
,
vnder
the
gouernment
of
my
Collonell
the
Baron
of
Cheuerau
,
when
we
did
dayly
attend
the
siege
of
60000.
men
in
Campe
by
Machlin
,
guided
by
Casamire
and
the
Counte
Bossu
.
1578.
Lyke
wise
a
Ditch
being
dry
,
one
may
comodiously
take
away
the
ruines
,
which
the
Enimyes
make
with
theyr
batteries
:
to
the
intent
the
sayde
ruines
,
doe
not
serue
the
Enimie
for
a
Ladder
or
steppes
,
to
mount
vp
to
the
Fortresse
,
and
for
a
Trench
.
A
dry
Ditch
hath
likewise
thys
good
commoditie
,
that
when
the
Enimy
would
fill
it
with
Fagotes
,
they
may
be
the
more
easilie
burnt
,
the
which
woulde
not
come
to
passe
,
if
water
were
in
the
same
,
which
doth
extinguish
fyre
,
and
make
the
Ditch
more
easie
to
be
filde
.
Water
is
lykewise
more
daungerous
in
the
time
of
Frost
:
for
that
being
frosen
,
it
maketh
the
walles
more
apt
and
easie
to
bee
scaled
and
surprised
.
The
dry
Ditch
is
in
this
to
be
commended
,
that
when
the
Souldiers
sallie
out
to
skirmishe
,
or
do
any
other
action
,
and
would
retyre
by
reason
of
the
violent
charge
the
Enimye
giues
them
,
they
may
saue
themselues
in
the
dry
Ditch
,
if
the
draw
bridge
of
the
Fortresse
were
forced
to
be
drawn
vp
.
A
drye
Ditch
is
lykewise
good
,
that
vpon
any
suddayne
affaire
or
inuasion
in
tyme
of
warre
,
one
may
saue
the
Cattell
of
the
adioyning
Country
,
within
the
sayd
Ditches
.
Notwithstanding
all
these
deuises
for
the
defending
of
a
Fortres
being
considered
,
yet
am
I
of
a
grounded
opinion
,
that
it
is
no
wysedome
to
put
such
assured
repose
and
trust
in
a
Fortresse
,
howe
strong
soeuer
it
be
,
and
how
well
victualled
and
furnished
with
all
necessary
thinges
,
that
it
is
able
of
it selfe
continually
or
any
long
tyme
,
to
resist
the
force
of
a
Royall
Armie
:
For
ether
the
Defendours
become
wearie
,
or
by
warlike
sallies
deuoured
,
wasted
,
and
so
by
little
and
little
,
remayne
consumed
,
or
else
the
munition
and
the
victualles
,
the
which
consists
of
infinite
thinges
,
do
fayle
,
if
not
in
all
respects
,
at
leastwise
in
some
particulers
:
the
which
,
although
it
séeme
to
haue
beene
very
little
,
yet
hath
it
béene
manie
times
the
occasion
of
a
generall
losse
:
so
that
it
dooth
much
more
ensue
when
the
principall
things
doo
want
,
as
water
,
wood
,
bread
,
wine
,
beare
,
vineger
,
salt
,
dryed
flesh
,
and
such
like
particularities
,
necessary
for
mans
life
.
Moreouer
,
these
things
following
,
may
procure
the
losse
and
ruine
of
a
Fortresse
,
fyring
of
the
Munition
,
the
vaine
consuming
of
the
same
,
or
by
the
meanes
of
Mutinies
,
secrete
treasons
,
the
death
of
some
principall
person
,
or
els
the
deuouring
domage
which
the
sundry
shots
of
the
Artillary
hath
made
:
and
cheefelie
where
somtimes
dooth
want
matter
to
repaire
the
ruine
of
a
breach
,
and
to
stop
vp
the
battered
wall
.
Sometimes
the
carelesse
dilligence
of
the
Captaines
and
souldiours
defendants
,
suffer
the
Towne
to
be
wonne
by
Mynes
.
And
others
haue
béen
gained
by
onely
spade
and
pickaxe
,
as
was
attempted
by
Duke
Charles
at
Metz
,
and
performed
by
the
great
Turke
before
Famagosta
in
Cypres
,
the
which
they
performe
in
thys
sort
.
With
fiue
or
sixe
thousande
Pyoners
,
they
begin
a
rowling
Trench
,
somwhat
far
from
the
Ditches
,
and
neuer
cease
day
nor
night
,
vntill
they
haue
performed
theyr
enterprise
,
wherfore
they
place
their
Pyoners
by
garde
and
course
,
that
one
part
workes
whilst
another
rests
,
and
when
the
earth
is
at
the
beginning
raised
the
height
of
a
man
,
and
of
the
largenes
that
the
same
Trenches
is
to
be
made
,
there
doe
some
of
the
Pyoners
stand
aloft
,
to
cast
vp
the
earth
that
those
beneath
cast
vnto
them
,
and
so
they
alwaies
continue
,
euen
vntil
such
time
as
they
haue
made
a
Mountaine
,
neere
to
the
Ditch
.
And
when
they
be
there
,
they
make
Bastillions
,
to
withstand
the
sallies
that
those
of
the
Towne
might
make
vpon
the
Pyoners
,
&
so
alwaies
wyth
great
numbers
of
Pyoners
,
they
cast
thys
Mountaine
into
the
Ditch
,
the
which
consequently
béeing
as
high
or
higher
then
the
wall
,
they
enter
with
the
same
into
the
Fortresse
,
and
so
at
their
pleasure
expugne
the
same
,
against
which
,
it
séemes
that
neither
men
nor
Artillary
can
preuaile
to
vse
defence
,
but
that
time
will
eate
them
out
.
Yet
thys
notwithstanding
,
euery
Fortresse
in
a
Frontire
,
or
vpon
the
border
of
any
Country
of
importance
,
ought
to
be
made
as
strong
as
is
possible
,
without
sparing
of
any
cost
,
who
although
they
cannot
as
is
aforesaid
,
resist
the
reall
force
of
an
Armie
,
neuerthelesse
they
may
entertaine
and
deferre
time
after
time
,
vntill
such
time
as
the
part
assaulted
doo
resolue
to
entreate
of
peace
,
truce
,
or
accord
:
or
els
procure
such
prouision
,
as
shall
be
sufficient
for
his
defence
vntil
succour
arriue
to
relieue
the
besi●…ged
.
As
in
the
yéere
1565.
when
the
Ile
of
Malta
was
succourd
against
the
mightie
Turkish
Armie
,
a
thing
no
lesse
wisely
then
couragiously
performed
:
the
same
being
galantly
defended
4.
Monthes
against
continuall
assaults
,
infinite
furie
,
and
innumerable
shotte
of
Artillarie
,
to
the
eternall
memory
of
the
defenders
.
Yet
for
all
this
theyr
braue
disposition
,
if
they
had
not
béene
succoured
,
the
strong
Fortresse
had
béene
lost
,
a
thing
to
be
noted
of
such
as
be
Opiniatro
.
Therefore
all
the
foresaid
aduertisements
and
many
others
,
which
appertaine
to
like
matter
,
that
I
heere
for
breuities
sake
omit
to
write
,
ought
to
be
well
vnderstood
,
searched
and
disciphered
,
and
with
the
practise
and
right
iudgement
of
a
notable
Souldiour
,
not
onely
conceiue
and
carrie
in
minde
euery
perfect
subiect
and
discourse
,
but
also
haue
at
his
fingers
ends
,
all
that
eyther
he
hath
séene
or
may
be
séene
,
or
any
thing
able
to
be
put
in
execution
touching
such
important
affayres
.
Likewise
he
must
be
of
profound
knowledge
,
and
apt
to
yéeld
ayde
and
giue
counsayle
when
néede
requires
,
or
when
he
is
called
thereunto
by
his
Prince
.
For
by
such
vertuous
meanes
,
more
then
by
other
that
be
lesse
lawfull
,
idle
and
vicious
,
hee
may
vndoubtedly
make
himselfe
acceptable
,
and
become
gratefull
to
euerie
great
personage
:
to
which
good
disposition
and
sufficiencie
it
followes
,
that
of
them
he
shall
be
very
much
employed
&
estéemed
,
and
so
consequently
shall
come
to
merite
the
honour
,
profit
,
and
recompence
due
for
so
great
trauaile
.
The
which
,
although
it
doo
not
succéede
and
fall
out
spéedily
,
yet
time
doth
bring
forth
the
same
,
who
béeing
the
father
of
truth
,
dooth
faithfully
in
the
end
,
manifest
the
merite
or
demerite
of
the
man
,
to
the
confusion
of
the
wicked
and
vicious
worldlings
,
who
by
vile
iniquitie
work
to
blind
the
excellencie
of
other
mens
vertues
and
valour
.
Two
things
therefore
there
be
that
time
can
not
deuoure
,
although
that
intirely
it
discouer
the
same
,
neyther
can
Fortune
destroy
them
,
and
they
be
:
The
vertue
of
those
men
which
bee
written
in
Bookes
:
And
the
knowne
truth
.
The
which
although
for
a
tyme
they
may
be
hydd●…n
,
yet
in
the
end
they
appeare
to
be
cléere
and
manifest
.
And
therefore
the
woorthy
actions
of
a
good
man
,
is
the
occasion
that
we
should
haue
him
in
great
estimation
:
for
which
respect
,
in
the
ende
he
ariseth
to
be
wonderfully
rewarded
.
The
order
that
is
to
be
obserued
,
when
a
Fortresse
is
not
able
to
be
wonne
by
Batterie
,
Assault
,
Escalade
,
Mynes
or
Rowling
Trench
,
but
by
Famine
.
WHen
a
Generall
that
hath
taken
the
charge
of
a
siege
,
shall
assuredly
know
,
that
the
Cittie
or
Fortresse
that
hee
shall
besiege
,
cannot
be
taken
by
force
in
any
sort
whatsoeuer
,
but
that
he
must
gaine
the
same
by
a
long
siege
.
Fyrst
he
must
with
al
dilligence
and
good
counsaile
,
oftentimes
discouer
and
view
the
situation
of
the
place
,
and
choose
the
seate
where
hee
may
Encampe
and
lodge
his
Souldiours
.
Aboue
all
things
he
must
beware
that
he
plant
himselfe
in
such
a
place
,
as
that
the
ayre
become
not
corrupted
,
taking
for
example
Mounsieur
de
Law●…rec
at
the
siege
of
Naples
,
who
by
his
occasion
,
besides
the
ouerthrowe
of
his
enterprise
,
lost
both
all
hys
Armie
and
his
owne
lyfe
,
with
the
ruine
of
a
great
part
of
the
Nobility
of
Fraunce
.
That
he
choose
likewise
a
place
that
is
proper
for
his
purpose
,
through
the
commoditie
of
wood
and
water
,
and
other
necessary
things
for
mans
sustenaunce
,
and
couert
and
safe
from
danger
of
the
enemies
Artillary
,
as
much
as
is
possible
.
If
the
place
that
hée
dooth
besiege
be
great
,
and
furnished
with
great
number
of
Footemen
and
Horsemen
,
which
be
able
to
make
sallies
and
come
to
skyrmish
,
he
must
incontinently
take
order
,
that
hys
Campe
bee
fortifyed
in
such
sort
,
as
he
shall
thinke
most
conuenient
to
fronte
the
force
of
the
enemie
.
Thys
doone
,
he
must
take
from
the
enemies
,
all
the
commodities
he
can
,
as
water
and
all
other
things
,
which
may
yéeld
them
sustenaunce
or
reliefe
,
and
to
reduse
them
to
the
greatest
necessity
he
can
.
Moreouer
,
it
hath
béene
séene
by
experience
,
that
to
deuide
an
Armie
,
and
to
make
it
ouerweake
when
it
is
neere
a
Cittie
,
is
a
very
dangerous
thing
,
principally
when
there
is
great
force
of
braue
and
valiant
Souldiours
within
the
Towne
.
As
fell
out
at
the
siege
of
Florence
,
where
two
Chiefes
were
elected
,
the
one
on
thys
side
the
Riuer
Arno
towards
the
North
,
which
were
the
Almaines
,
and
the
other
towards
the
South
,
where
was
the
person
of
the
Generall
with
the
greatest
force
of
the
Armie
.
Florence
therefore
to
deliuer
it selfe
from
such
continuall
toyle
,
did
sallie
out
by
night
,
and
assault
the
Almaine
Armie
with
such
furie
,
that
had
there
not
béen
great
disorder
amongst
the
assailants
,
the
Almaine
Armie
had
entirely
béene
ouerthrowne
,
and
Florence
had
béen
deliuered
from
siege
on
that
side
.
Wherefore
I
thinke
the
most
assured
and
the
easiest
way
is
,
to
enclose
and
restraine
the
besieged
Towne
by
means
of
Forts
,
as
was
practised
in
the
warres
at
Mirandell
and
Sienna
.
Uisite
dilligently
all
the
waies
and
passages
,
by
the
which
succours
may
be
giuen
to
the
Towne
besieged
.
At
euery
such
place
you
ought
to
make
a
Forte
,
and
to
approoch
so
néere
,
as
with
foure
Forts
or
more
you
may
enuiron
all
the
Cittie
.
I
woulde
not
haue
these
Forts
for
that
they
be
litle
,
to
be
feeble
,
neither
that
they
should
be
situate
in
such
a
place
,
but
that
they
might
ayde
one
another
.
The
forme
which
I
would
wish
them
to
be
of
,
I
haue
héere
sette
foorth
.
Afterwardes
,
with
the
rest
of
his
Armie
,
he
must
plant
him selfe
in
such
a
place
,
as
from
thence
at
time
of
neede
,
he
may
succour
his
Forts
,
or
at
the
least
with
one
part
thereof
,
hauing
fyrst
sounded
the
force
of
the
enemie
:
then
taking
the
Artillary
which
he
shall
thinke
most
necessary
,
hee
shall
endeuour
himselfe
to
become
the
Maister
of
the
Countrey
round
about
him
:
specially
of
such
places
as
he
is
able
to
force
.
Héereby
he
may
reape
great
commodity
,
as
well
by
victualles
,
wherby
he
may
nourish
his
Armie
,
as
that
thereby
hee
shall
take
away
from
the
besieged
all
hope
of
succour
,
and
likewise
by
that
meanes
,
cause
his
Armie
to
be
feared
:
so
that
the
Countrey
eyther
through
loue
or
feare
,
shall
neyther
take
occasion
to
rebell
,
or
yéeld
him
any
resistance
.
What
is
to
be
obserued
,
when
any
Cittie
or
Fortresse
is
able
to
be
expugned
by
battery
&c.
to
approach
and
besiege
the
same
.
●…
Presently
haue
declared
,
howe
much
it
importeth
to
choose
for
encamping
a
plotte
of
ground
,
commodious
,
healthfull
and
assured
:
now
I
will
speake
of
the
order
which
is
to
be
vsed
,
and
necessary
to
be
obserued
,
when
a
Generall
supposeth
himselfe
able
to
gayne
a
Fortresse
or
Cittie
by
maine
force
of
Armes
.
Fyrst
the
Marshall
of
the
fielde
must
goe
with
practised
souldiours
,
and
of
tryed
experience
in
the
warres
,
well
accompanied
,
to
the
intent
they
may
safely
viewe
and
consider
the
circuite
and
situation
of
the
Towne
,
and
to
sée
vpon
what
side
Trenches
may
be
made
for
the
planting
of
the
Artillarie
.
Aboue
all
he
must
be
careful
and
prouident
,
that
the
earth
be
of
such
nature
and
qualitie
,
that
it
will
receiue
the
Spade
&
Pickaxe
,
and
be
apt
to
make
Trenches
in
,
and
other
necessary
thinges
to
couer
themselues
against
the
enemie
.
To
thinke
that
a
man
may
perfectly
discouer
&
view
a
Towne
or
Fortresse
eyther
in
the
day
or
in
the
nyght
,
it
is
impossible
:
for
in
the
day
,
the
enemie
will
not
giue
a
man
leaue
or
leysure
,
at
leastwise
if
they
be
men
of
courage
.
In
the
night
one
cannot
directly
and
thorowly
,
neyther
discouer
the
flankes
,
Bulwarks
and
Ditches
,
neither
behold
many
particularities
,
which
be
necessary
to
him
,
which
will
aptly
&
in
good
order
prepare
himselfe
to
make
an
assault
.
But
the
same
discouery
may
be
well
and
commodiously
doone
,
when
the
Trenches
shall
be
made
,
the
which
may
bring
him
euen
to
the
Ditches
.
There
the
Generall
himselfe
may
at
his
ease
,
behold
and
discerne
all
that
he
desires
to
know
.
Touching
the
manner
and
fashion
to
make
the
Trenches
,
although
there
be
diuers
opinions
,
neuerthelesse
for
the
greater
satis-faction
of
the
Reader
,
I
haue
drawne
out
diuers
fashions
,
which
séeme
to
be
most
commodious
,
most
sure
,
and
most
easie
,
as
in
the
sundry
portratures
of
thys
Booke
dooth
appeare
.
But
aboue
all
he
must
prouide
,
that
in
the
Trenches
there
be
places
to
plant
the
bodie
of
the
watch
assured
:
and
in
such
sort
as
they
may
be
able
to
giue
succoure
one
to
another
.
Likewise
there
ought
to
be
issues
or
passages
to
goe
out
of
them
,
as
you
may
behold
by
thys
figure
.
Thys
doone
,
you
must
choose
a
place
to
plant
your
Artillarie
,
with
Gabions
,
Wooll-packs
,
and
other
Engines
proper
to
those
affayres
,
and
carefully
take
order
and
foresee
,
that
the
Maister
Gunner
,
and
Cunstable
of
the
Artillarie
,
and
other
inferiour
Officers
,
haue
experience
and
good
knowledge
herein
.
Accomodate
thicke
boardes
or
tymber
close
together
,
where
the
battery
is
planted
,
for
the
Artillarie
to
run
vpon
:
and
foresee
that
those
planckes
,
yeelde
a
certaine
fall
and
discending
to
towards
the
Cannones
,
to
the
intent
that
after
they
bee
recueled
,
they
may
be
the
more
easily
brought
againe
into
theyr
places
.
By
this
meanes
the
péeces
shall
remaine
assured
from
running
and
sincking
into
the
grounde
in
wette
and
rainie
weather
.
Diuers
are
of
opinion
,
that
the
Artillarie
ought
not
to
bee
planted
any
further
distance
of
from
the
Fortresse
,
more
then
one
hundred
and
fyftie
pases
,
if
the
situation
of
the
grounde
will
permitte
.
I
will
omitte
to
speake
of
the
qualitie
of
the
Artillarie
.
Onely
I
say
,
that
according
to
the
vse
in
this
age
,
the
Cannons
ought
to
bee
of
thréescore
,
renforced
in
such
sort
,
that
a
man
neede
not
to
feare
that
they
shall
not
remaine
firme
and
iust
,
although
they
be
shotte
from
the
morning
euen
vnto
the
euening
.
The
greater
the
battery
is
made
,
and
with
the
greater
number
of
péeces
,
the
more
shall
he
astonish
the
enemie
,
and
make
easie
his
enterprise
:
specially
if
the
battarie
may
be
crossed
and
trauersed
.
If
you
can
haue
the
commoditie
to
rayse
vppe
a
Caualier
or
Mount
,
so
that
thereby
the
Curtine
may
be
discouered
,
the
same
shall
remaine
of
great
aduantage
.
Note
that
you
must
continually
shoote
without
ceasing
if
it
be
possible
,
for
it
imports
very
much
,
when
ye
giue
the
besieged
no
leysure
to
take
breath
or
make
repayre
.
Cease
not
likewise
to
shoote
in
the
night
,
for
the
performaunce
whereof
there
is
manie
good
meanes
,
as
héereafter
(
if
leysure
will
permitte
)
I
meane
to
write
of
.
You
shall
make
your
Trenches
néere
to
the
Ditch
,
principallie
on
that
side
where
the
batterie
is
made
,
and
there
you
shall
place
a
good
troupe
of
Hargubuziers
,
and
those
of
the
most
expert
and
brauest
Souldiours
in
the
Armie
,
who
likewise
must
haue
theyr
Corpes
de
garde
,
with
theyr
issue
and
passage
,
theyr
Corpes
de
garde
,
may
behaue
themselues
in
that
order
as
you
may
behold
,
in
such
sort
,
as
they
may
likewise
serue
for
the
flancks
,
the
enemies
Artillary
first
displanted
.
These
Hargabuziers
or
rather
Musketeares
,
must
haue
Péeces
of
two
ounces
of
Calibre
,
for
by
such
like
the
besieged
are
greatlie
troubled
,
principally
when
the
walles
and
Bulwarkes
begin
to
ruinate
.
This
figure
next
following
makes
my
former
words
more
apparant
.
By
reason
that
for
the
most
parte
,
the
〈◊〉
couer
the
flanckes
,
so
that
a
man
cannot
easily
endomage
them
,
the
said
Counterscarpes
must
be
cutte
and
opened
in
such
sorte
,
that
the
flanckes
may
be
battered
But
touching
the
filling
vp
of
the
Ditches
,
and
to
couer
and
choake
them
,
is
a
worke
both
difficile
and
long
,
if
they
within
the
Fortresse
be
men
of
courage
and
experience
,
vnlesse
it
bee
a
rowling
Trench
.
If
the
fortification
be
of
earth
,
the
ruine
thereof
may
be
attempted
,
by
entering
into
the
Ditch
,
and
cut
it
downe
,
as
oftentimes
it
hath
béene
experienced
.
Nowe
resteth
it
to
speake
somewhat
of
Mynes
and
Ca●…es
,
for
that
they
be
matters
of
great
effect
,
as
hath
béene
often
tryed
,
aswell
in
times
past
as
in
these
dayes
.
And
although
sometymes
they
haue
not
fallen
out
according
to
mans
pretence
,
the
same
did
aryse
rather
,
because
they
were
not
well
made
,
then
for
any
other
respect
.
Heerein
diuers
reasons
may
be
alleaged
.
Amongst
others
it
hath
béene
tryed
,
that
going
about
to
mine
walles
or
Platformes
,
the
fyre
hath
burst
out
,
and
forced
that
part
towards
the
mouth
,
which
was
artificially
stopt
,
rather
then
to
ouerthrow
and
ruine
the
Bulwarke
as
was
determined
.
The
same
might
easily
fall
out
,
by
reason
there
was
small
height
giuen
to
the
Caue
or
vaute
,
and
that
by
that
meanes
,
shee
coulde
not
take
her
accustomed
force
,
to
ryse
vpwarde
and
worke
the
effect
:
but
contrariwise
she
bursteth
out
,
by
that
parte
which
is
most
féeble
,
without
working
very
little
or
any
domage
at
all
to
the
Fortresse
.
To
confirme
this
saying
,
I
will
speake
that
which
hath
béen
seene
by
experience
,
that
is
,
hauing
put
powder
not
in
great
quan
titie
within
Caues
and
Chambers
,
which
haue
not
béene
entyrely
stopt
:
but
haue
diuers
issues
,
as
doores
and
windows
,
the
same
hath
procured
great
ruines
,
and
much
more
then
a
man
woulde
thinke
.
Therefore
in
mine
opinion
,
the
same
hath
come
to
passe
,
for
that
the
fyre
hath
had
both
space
and
height
to
worke
his
forces
:
the
which
hath
beene
such
,
as
there
hath
beene
no
obstacle
or
encounter
,
which
woulde
haue
béene
sufficient
to
haue
repressed
the
same
,
and
sent
it
to
the
open
places
,
but
it
hath
wrought
and
performed
his
course
,
according
to
the
effect
of
his
nature
.
Therfore
when
these
Caues
or
Uautes
are
made
,
as
dooth
appertaine
,
gyuing
them
such
forme
,
as
this
Element
may
worke
his
force
and
effect
,
certaynely
they
bring
foorth
marueilous
effects
.
But
for
that
these
thinges
are
necessary
to
be
entreated
of
in
particulers
,
I
will
beginne
a
fresh
to
d●…late
somewhat
more
largely
thereof
.
Therefore
when
an
Armie
doth
march
to
besiege
any
Citty
:
It
is
necessary
before
hand
,
to
examine
the
intelligences
of
such
persons
,
as
perfectly
knowe
the
situation
thereof
,
the
strength
,
and
all
the
wayes
and
passages
vnto
the
same
.
And
hauing
together
with
the
principall
Captaynes
,
made
full
discourse
thereof
,
for
theyr
perfect
instruction
:
determination
must
be
made
,
what
is
to
be
done
vppon
theyr
approch
to
the
Towne
,
and
what
lodgings
must
be
ceased
vpon
at
the
first
,
whether
one
,
two
,
or
more
according
to
the
situation
of
the
place
,
and
as
is
most
conuenient
.
For
it
is
euer
much
better
,
for
two
reasons
,
to
lodge
euen
at
the
first
,
as
neere
vnto
the
Portes
and
Gates
as
it
is
possible
.
The
one
is
,
that
the
enemy
thereby
shall
be
much
abashed
and
discouraged
:
the
other
is
,
that
they
shall
haue
no
leysure
to
burne
,
the
adioyning
houses
,
where
the
Army
may
lodge
,
if
before
it
be
not
already
done
:
neither
shall
these
bee
hindered
,
to
take
their
Lodgings
,
or
mount
their
Artillarie
,
to
goe
to
that
lodging
a
fresh
vpon
an
other
day
.
Sometime
it
hath
béene
séene
,
that
the
Armie
hath
planted
&
lodged
it selfe
,
before
3
or
4
gates
at
one
instant
,
one
part
of
the
Campe
as
soone
as
an
other
,
the
which
hath
beene
tryed
very
good
,
so
that
there
were
people
enough
in
the
Armie
.
The
Marshall
of
the
hoast
must
be
accompanied
,
with
so
forcible
and
strong
a
band
of
horsemen
and
footemen
,
that
he
may
ouermatch
those
of
the
Town
:
who
,
if
they
chaunce
to
sallie
forth
either
on
foote
or
on
horse-backe
,
to
repulse
them
as
furiously
as
is
possible
,
euen
within
the
Gates
:
for
sometimes
there
falles
out
such
disorder
and
confusion
,
that
either
they
may
enter
Pesle
Mesle
,
or
kill
some
Chiestana
,
or
make
such
a
slaughter
of
Souldiours
,
that
the
Towne
shal
be
much
the
sooner
taken
:
at
the
leastwise
vpon
the
repulse
,
the
Master
Gunner
or
Ingeniour
,
following
the
great
Marshall
,
may
haue
commodity
to
view
and
discouer
the
places
and
plottes
,
where
the
Artillarie
is
to
be
planted
,
&c.
Which
beeing
accomplished
,
the
Marshall
is
to
sound
the
retraite
,
and
to
lodge
as
néere
the
Towne
as
is
possible
,
so
that
it
be
without
the
batterie
.
The
approches
be
made
by
Trenches
,
and
Maunds
,
&
Wooll
sackes
,
as
before
I
haue
declared
,
and
as
heereafter
may
appeare
by
figures
,
in
the
defence
of
a
Town
.
Neuerthelesse
,
they
must
be
accommodated
according
to
the
situation
of
the
grounde
,
and
turned
and
compassed
according
to
the
opposite
Bulwarkes
of
the
enemy
,
the
which
are
to
bee
begun●…e
in
the
night
,
specially
the
planting
of
the
batterie
.
The
Trenches
are
to
be
made
,
high
,
great
,
large
,
and
déepe
,
for
the
safety
of
the
Soldiours
,
and
such
men
of
account
as
vse
to
come
into
them
:
in
respect
that
the
Prince
himselfe
,
may
sometimes
goe
into
them
,
neuertheles
verie
seldome
.
The
Trenches
beeing
begunne
where
the
Artillarie
is
,
they
must
be
continued
on
euen
to
the
Gates
,
thereby
to
cut
of
sallies
.
And
against
all
the
Portes
,
make
a
Bulwarke
of
Gabions
,
one
vppon
an
other
,
and
if
it
bee
possible
,
néerer
the
Towne
then
the
Trenches
,
both
to
stoppe
their
battery
alongst
the
Trenches
,
and
to
barre
theyr
sallies
.
Upon
that
side
towardes
the
Campe
,
must
be
made
Ditches
&
little
Trenches
,
for
the
Corps
de
Garde
,
of
those
that
must
guard
the
Trenches
,
wherein
must
remayne
such
number
of
Combattants
,
as
they
may
be
able
to
repulse
the
enemie
vntil
succour
arriue
,
which
must
be
vpon
great
necessity
:
and
then
beeing
ayded
with
some
mayne
squadrone
,
to
repulse
them
with
great
furie
.
For
the
better
prohibiting
and
knowledg
of
which
issues
and
sallies
,
it
is
not
only
requisite
,
to
aduaunce
the
Trenches
euen
to
the
Counterscarpe
and
brincke
of
the
Ditch
,
but
also
to
haue
lost
Sentinelles
euery
night
betwixt
the
Towne
and
the
Trenches
,
within
the
sayd
Ditch
,
if
it
be
dry
.
Wherein
lykewise
a
good
Ingeniour
,
may
worke
many
good
deuises
.
The
Marshall
must
if
occasion
serue
,
fortifie
towardes
the
Champayne
,
place
the
Princes
or
Generals
lodging
in
the
midst
of
the
Campe
,
that
he
may
giue
order
to
all
mutinies
,
sallies
,
allarums
,
and
disorders
.
And
if
the
Towne
be
well
peopled
,
to
make
certaine
such
Fortes
as
before
I
haue
set
downe
,
gouerned
wyth
valiant
Captaynes
,
and
good
bandes
of
Soldiours
,
to
kéepe
shorte
the
enemy
.
And
those
lodgings
or
Campes
so
well
distributed
,
that
they
may
remayne
safe
from
inuasion
,
yet
so
apt
to
come
together
,
that
vpon
the
ariuall
of
any
Armie
,
they
may
at
one
instant
issue
out
,
and
be
ranged
together
in
battaile
to
fight
:
and
therefore
if
a
Riuer
passe
through
the
Towne
,
a
bridge
must
be
placed
to
passe
ouer
,
guarded
at
both
endes
with
bandes
of
Souldiours
,
that
thereby
victualles
and
succours
may
be
barred
from
the
enemy
.
It
is
rather
to
be
placed
aboue
,
then
beneath
vpon
the
Riuer
,
in
respect
to
auoyde
burning
by
artificiall
fyre
,
or
else
to
be
planted
where
they
looke
chéefely
for
succours
.
Obseruations
for
an
assault
,
and
the
sacke
of
a
Citty
.
WHen
the
batterie
of
the
Cannous
haue
made
sufficient
breach
,
and
that
the
same
is
saultable
,
great
diligence
and
celeritie
is
to
be
vsed
,
for
that
diuers
thinges
at
one
instant
are
to
be
done
.
The
Campe
must
be
all
in
armes
,
and
in
battayles
:
the
Assaylants
ready
in
the
Trenches
to
giue
assault
,
&
the
Pyoners
to
carry
Ladders
,
or
such
Engines
as
are
inuented
for
the
safety
of
the
Souldiours
.
If
the
Ditch
be
full
of
water
,
and
that
the
same
hath
neither
beene
cut
down
,
nor
drawne
drye
by
artificiall
Milles
,
and
buckets
,
such
as
béere
Brewers
vse
.
Then
must
the
Pyoners
roul
forward
the
artificiall
Bridge
,
made
vpon
Barrels
of
purpose
for
that
respect
,
hauing
before
cut
the
Counterscarpe
to
put
the
same
into
the
ditch
:
the
which
must
be
done
nimblie
,
and
at
one
instant
.
During
which
time
,
the
Artillarie
must
beate
towardes
that
place
,
to
barre
the
besieged
from
endomaging
the
action
.
Also
when
the
great
Master
of
the
Artillarie
,
shall
perceiue
the
batterie
to
haue
made
large
,
easie
,
and
sufficient
breach
,
&
to
haue
displaced
the
flankers
.
He
must
giue
aduertisement
,
that
the
Assailants
may
procéede
,
if
the
assault
be
first
determined
vpon
.
Which
beeing
concluded
:
the
assailants
must
remayne
ready
and
in
order
to
aduance
,
when
the
last
blow
of
the
Cannon
is
gyuen
,
and
that
they
beholde
the
ruinous
fall
,
of
that
which
was
determined
to
bée
battered
,
&
then
shall
all
the
Artillarie
discharge
,
great
and
small
.
And
when
the
Souldiours
begin
to
march
forwardes
to
the
assault
,
each
one
shal
shoote
to
breake
the
remparts
and
other
strengthes
,
which
it
may
be
the
enemy
hath
made
,
and
thereby
to
amaze
them
the
more
.
But
then
must
the
great
Artillarie
cease
to
shoote
at
the
batterie
,
for
feare
of
hurting
your
own
people
:
but
they
shall
shoote
at
the
defences
which
shall
be
somewhat
further
of
,
and
the
which
might
aryse
to
be
hurtefull
to
the
sayd
Assailantes
.
But
the
lesse
Péeces
shall
alwayes
shoote
at
the
breach
,
vntil
such
time
,
as
they
sée
their
people
past
the
Ditch
,
and
that
they
be
mounted
as
high
as
the
sa●…d
breach
,
and
so
cease
there
.
It
hath
béene
vsed
of
some
,
to
put
all
the
Campe
in
Armes
,
(
hauing
determined
in
what
place
they
will
assault
,
which
is
in
the
greater
number
the
better
,
but
in
two
at
the
least
)
for
pollicie
to
make
shew
with
inuaston
,
cryes
and
noyse
of
Drums
,
towards
that
place
where
hee
meanes
not
to
giue
the
ass●…ult
,
to
amaze
those
within
the
Forte
,
and
also
to
seperat
the●…
into
diuers
places
,
to
the
intent
,
they
may
haue
lesse
at
the
breach
:
and
accordingly
put
his
people
in
order
,
that
is
to
say
,
at
the
two
places
where
he
meanes
to
make
the
assault
in
good
earnest
,
consisting
of
strong
and
puissant
bandes
:
all
which
companies
must
marche
close
and
sacried
together
in
this
order
following
.
First
if
néede
should
require
,
there
must
bee
certayne
people
ready
to
carry
Ladders
and
such
Engines
,
to
addresse
and
reare
them
to
the
breach
.
After
them
must
followe
,
the
men
at
Armes
,
and
other
Souldiours
well
armed
,
which
must
goe
ioyntly
together
with
them
that
carry
the
Ladders
.
The
shotte
,
aswell
Musket
as
Hargabuziers
,
ought
to
bee
within
the
Trenches
,
and
so
euery
band
which
is
to
assault
,
is
to
remayne
in
order
,
and
must
march
aflote
and
in
troupe
:
for
whether
it
be
to
ascend
the
breach
,
or
Ladders
,
the
last
must
thrust
the
formost
forwardes
and
vpwardes
.
And
from
the
time
they
begin
to
march
,
the
Artillarie
must
shoote
:
to
the
end
,
the
enemies
haue
no
leysure
,
to
shoote
at
them
that
march
in
the
Ditches
.
And
when
they
are
within
the
sayd
Ditches
,
the
small
Artillarie
must
alwaies
batter
at
the
defences
and
breach
,
vntill
such
time
as
thy
come
hande
to
hande
.
And
likewise
the
shotte
,
aswell
Musket
as
Hargabuziers
,
must
be
vpon
the
brincke
of
the
Ditch
,
alwaies
shooting
and
defending
,
that
not
one
of
the
towne
do
so
much
as
appeare
at
their
defences
or
loope-holes
.
The
high
Marshall
of
the
fielde
,
must
stand
with
the
rest
of
the
Armie
ranged
in
battaile
,
and
placed
in
such
conuenient
sort
as
is
néedefull
.
And
this
for
thrée
reasons
.
First
,
if
the
enemies
should
giue
charge
vpon
the
Armie
,
during
the
assault
:
hee
must
bee
of
sufficient
power
to
defende
the
Campe
,
which
must
bee
so
well
fortified
,
that
he
may
resist
anie
force
or
inuasion
.
Secondly
,
if
it
bee
necessary
a
fresh
supplie
,
for
the
assault
:
hée
must
culle
out
such
and
so
manie
,
as
will
serue
the
turne
,
and
send
them
immediatly
.
Thirdly
,
if
the
Assailants
shoulde
bee
repulsed
,
and
that
they
did
retyre
,
which
is
to
be
presupposed
,
will
be
in
disorder
&
confusedly
,
neither
is
it
otherwise
possible
,
and
that
those
of
the
towne
thereupon
doe
make
a
sallie
,
it
being
not
like
that
those
should
be
brought
to
make
front
,
that
were
so
lately
forced
to
retyre
.
The
high
Marshall
must
then
march
in
order
,
with
some
maine
Battillion
to
succour
his
people
,
&
to
repulse
the
enemies
,
and
so
may
it
appeare
,
to
what
ende
the
order
and
battailes
ranged
in
the
Campe
doe
serue
.
If
as
I
said
before
,
it
chaunce
that
the
Assaylants
be
repulsed
,
as
great
store
of
shotte
as
is
possible
,
must
be
retained
vppon
the
brinckes
of
the
Ditches
within
the
Trenches
,
to
shoote
alwaies
at
the
defences
.
And
likewise
the
Cannoniers
ought
to
be
readie
at
that
instant
to
doo
theyr
duetie
,
if
it
so
chaunce
.
For
it
is
the
custome
of
the
besieged
,
at
the
repulse
of
an
Assault
,
the
souldiours
more
willingly
doo
show
themselues
,
and
appeare
carelesly
at
the
breaches
then
at
the
beginning
,
through
the
hart
and
courage
they
haue
taken
to
sée
theyr
enemies
repulsed
,
and
likewise
at
the
loope
holes
,
and
ouer
the
Rampiers
,
for
they
thinke
them
that
no
man
can
hurt
them
.
So
that
if
the
shotte
be
plyed
,
it
shal
greatly
endomage
them
,
benefit
the
retraite
very
much
,
and
shall
saue
many
good
Souldiours
.
If
the
Armie
be
lodged
in
three
or
foure
seueral
Camps
,
&
fortefyed
lodgings
as
before
I
haue
touched
,
euery
one
in
theyr
quarter
must
thus
be
guided
.
And
during
the
assault
,
the
General
,
Sergiant
Maiors
,
and
other
Counsellers
of
the
warre
,
must
haue
an
eye
to
all
things
,
and
specially
to
the
nature
and
qualitie
of
the
assaults
,
ayding
them
with
all
artificiall
and
warlike
inuentions
.
And
if
there
be
any
that
linger
behinde
at
the
tayle
of
the
rest
,
there
must
be
Officers
appointed
of
purpose
(
without
sparing
of
any
)
to
chase
them
forwards
,
with
naked
swordes
,
and
pe●…force
them
with
blowes
to
accompany
the
Assaylants
.
The
Generall
,
or
the
great
Maister
of
the
Artillarie
,
(
as
I
haue
already
said
)
must
vse
dilligence
,
to
cause
the
Gunners
and
the
other
shotte
to
ayde
the
assault
,
but
so
as
they
hurte
not
theyr
owne
companions
.
Neyther
must
the
Generall
euer
rest
in
any
one
place
,
but
ryde
héere
and
there
,
and
direct
all
thinges
,
vnlesse
he
haue
the
commoditie
to
see
all
the
assaults
and
affayres
of
the
Campe
,
from
some
place
or
platforme
:
from
whence
he
must
by
some
worthy
Caualieres
giue
order
what
is
to
be
doone
.
If
any
alarum
chaunce
in
the
Armie
,
towardes
the
Champaigne
during
the
assault
,
those
which
be
at
the
assault
,
must
not
leaue
nor
slacke
theyr
duetie
:
for
the
Marshall
and
those
Collonels
appointed
for
that
purpose
,
are
to
resist
the
same
.
It
hath
béene
somtimes
likewise
séene
(
although
very
seldom
)
that
a
number
of
Souldiours
haue
sallied
out
of
the
Towne
,
during
the
assault
,
to
be
an
impediment
to
the
Assailants
,
and
to
affright
them
behind
.
And
therefore
the
Marshall
of
the
Fielde
,
hauing
seuerall
Squares
by
themselues
for
such
like
accidents
,
must
sende
one
of
them
,
that
may
incontinently
marche
to
gyue
them
a
furious
repulse
,
and
to
enter
pesle-mesle
with
them
if
it
be
possible
.
It
is
a
thing
almost
neuer
accomplished
,
yet
neuerthelesse
they
must
doo
theyr
deuoire
.
Nowe
if
it
chaunce
that
the
Towne
be
taken
by
assaulte
,
a
publique
band
or
cry
must
be
made
,
that
the
bootie
and
sacke
,
shal
be
gyuen
as
well
to
them
that
haue
stood
in
battayle
,
as
to
those
that
were
at
the
Assault
.
Other
wise
,
it
were
almost
impossible
to
constraine
any
one
to
kéepe
order
,
but
that
euery
one
woulde
be
at
the
spoyle
.
Immediatly
vpon
the
taking
of
the
Towne
,
the
Prince
or
Generall
,
béeing
accompanied
with
20.
or
30.
Caualieres
,
and
other
of
his
Garde
,
must
enter
into
the
Towne
,
with
his
sworde
naked
in
his
hand
,
and
must
goe
to
the
principall
Church
to
giue
God
thanks
for
his
victorie
,
and
also
to
defend
,
that
the
ornaments
which
appertaine
to
the
Church
be
not
pylled
nor
robbed
,
&
must
leaue
people
to
garde
the
same
.
And
if
the
enemie
doo
not
stand
to
theyr
defence
in
the
Churches
,
he
must
prohibite
and
hinder
to
his
power
that
no
blood
be
shedde
in
them
,
for
the
house
of
God
ought
to
be
pure
and
frée
from
slaughters
.
And
from
thence
he
must
goe
to
other
Churches
,
and
by
and
in
the
streetes
likewise
,
hinder
such
euils
.
Incontinently
he
must
make
cry
through
the
Cittie
,
that
none
vppon
payne
of
hanging
,
neither
take
nor
spoyle
any
Churches
.
Also
that
vpon
thys
paine
,
none
doo
violate
,
nor
vse
force
to
any
religious
woman
,
and
that
not
any
also
doo
violate
Maydes
,
or
married
women
,
or
any
others
against
theyr
wils
,
which
lawes
must
be
strongly
kept
,
and
those
seuerely
punished
that
offends
therein
.
&c.
Thys
doone
,
he
must
sende
for
his
Marshall
of
lodgings
,
and
cause
him
to
deuide
the
Quarters
,
for
those
people
he
would
haue
lodged
in
the
Towne
:
wherein
there
is
alwaies
some
trouble
,
and
many
debates
doo
arise
.
For
those
which
haue
pilled
and
taken
the
houses
,
will
not
auoide
by
theyr
good
willes
,
and
therefore
hée
must
haue
a
good
eye
,
that
these
dissentions
and
debates
doo
not
arise
.
For
oftentimes
whole
bands
doe
trouble
themselues
wyth
these
particulers
.
Some
to
auoyde
these
dissentions
,
doo
sweare
certaine
substantiall
persons
of
euery
Bande
,
to
make
booties
for
all
the
rest
,
and
to
become
accountable
that
equall
distribution
may
be
vsed
,
it
béeing
brought
to
the
Ensigne
,
which
thing
I
iudge
impossible
to
be
obserued
in
our
age
.
It
hath
béene
the
vse
in
some
Armies
,
that
after
the
winning
of
a
Towne
,
to
retyre
to
the
Campe
.
And
of
some
,
that
they
did
all
withdrawe
themselues
within
the
Towne
,
and
lodge
there
.
Which
two
contrarieties
,
I
leaue
to
the
discretion
of
the
Chiefetaines
:
vnlesse
the
Campe
béeing
very
well
fortefyed
and
accomodated
,
and
contrariwise
the
Towne
small
and
straight
of
lodging
:
in
this
case
I
would
wish
them
to
retire
to
the
Campe
,
especially
if
you
meane
to
put
a
Garison
in
the
Towne
,
thereby
to
auoyde
the
spoyle
of
victuals
,
and
other
confusions
.
But
if
the
Campe
be
not
well
fortefied
,
and
that
you
doo
feare
the
comming
of
the
Enemie
,
and
that
the
Towne
be
wide
and
great
,
sufficient
to
lodge
your
Armie
:
then
shal
it
be
good
to
enter
the
Towne
,
for
it
shall
be
hard
vpon
occasion
when
necessitie
requires
,
to
cause
all
the
Souldiours
to
retyre
out
of
the
Towne
to
the
fielde
,
but
that
a
great
part
will
remaine
behind
,
vnlesse
a
man
will
sette
the
whole
Towne
on
fyre
,
which
is
the
onely
way
to
cause
them
abandon
the
Towne
,
and
otherwise
not
,
but
with
great
labour
and
length
of
time
.
Thus
haue
I
partly
touched
what
is
to
be
doone
at
the
assault
of
a
Towne
,
at
the
sacke
thereof
,
and
after
the
spoyle
.
Onelie
I
haue
omitted
,
that
the
great
Maister
of
the
Artillary
,
to
procure
a
spéedie
battery
,
must
now
and
then
,
to
harten
and
encourage
the
Gunners
,
giue
them
seuerally
and
vpon
occasion
,
certaine
péeces
of
money
or
gold
,
to
make
them
apply
a
pace
the
battery
.
And
likewise
that
the
Generall
,
when
the
souldiours
stande
readie
to
giue
the
assault
,
and
that
they
be
in
order
to
march
,
that
he
cause
to
be
published
before
the
Assailants
,
that
the
first
which
foreseth
the
breach
and
enters
the
Towne
,
shal
haue
such
a
sum
of
money
by
him
limitted
,
and
the
second
so
much
,
which
is
lesse
,
and
the
third
not
so
much
as
the
other
two
.
The
which
shal
make
them
more
couragiously
to
kisse
the
ground
,
and
to
aduance
them selues
forwarde
,
to
repulse
the
Enemie
valiantly
,
and
to
enter
tryumphantly
.
What
is
to
be
obserued
of
those
,
which
haue
charge
giuen
them
to
keepe
and
defende
a
Fortresse
,
and
what
remedies
they
haue
to
saue
themselues
at
a
siege
,
batterie
,
and
assault
.
HAuing
presently
declared
,
how
to
besiege
and
expugne
a
hold
,
I
will
now
declare
the
order
of
the
kéeping
of
a
Fortresse
,
and
the
meanes
wherewith
the
besieged
are
to
defend
themselues
,
an
action
to
be
performed
,
as
well
with
the
quicknes
of
the
spirit
,
as
the
prowesse
of
the
body
.
Now
for
that
the
defence
of
a
Cittie
or
any
Fortresse
,
is
one
of
the
most
important
affayres
,
that
can
in
the
warres
be
committed
to
any
mans
charge
,
it
is
very
necessary
for
him
that
is
to
carrie
such
a
burden
,
that
he
be
very
hardie
,
of
good
experience
,
very
vigilant
,
and
excéeding
rich
in
inuentions
,
to
the
intent
hée
may
be
able
,
redily
to
resolue
vpon
all
suddaine
chaunces
,
as
well
to
repayre
the
ruine
the
Artillary
makes
,
as
to
furnish
himselfe
against
diuers
accidents
that
doo
fall
out
,
not
onely
through
the
want
of
courage
in
the
Souldiours
,
but
also
by
reason
of
the
cowardise
and
clamours
of
the
people
,
whereby
many
inconueniences
doe
arise
.
Wherefore
he
must
with
his
prudent
and
haughtie
courage
,
resist
and
striue
against
the
feare
and
ignoraunce
of
hys
people
,
carrying
in
his
countenaunce
such
a
maiestie
and
grauitie
,
that
his
commaundements
may
be
of
euery
one
reuerenced
,
approoued
for
good
and
performed
.
But
he
cannot
enioy
these
qualities
,
if
hee
be
not
a
person
of
experience
,
and
that
in
times
past
hath
yéelded
good
account
,
and
honourable
effects
of
himselfe
in
his
actions
.
Moreouer
,
it
is
necessary
that
he
shew
himselfe
most
forward
of
all
men
,
each
where
,
as
greatest
dangers
of
importaunce
doe
principally
fall
out
.
Hée
must
likewise
be
able
with
his
spéech
to
encourage
his
people
,
for
in
great
affaires
&
dangers
,
if
a
Chiefetaine
cannot
serue
turne
by
these
meanes
,
feare
wil
easily
slide
into
the
harts
of
his
Souldiours
,
which
afterwards
can
not
bee
plucked
out
but
with
great
paine
.
It
is
likewise
requisite
he
be
of
such
a
nature
,
that
he
willingly
suffer
to
speake
,
and
giue
eare
to
those
which
would
giue
hym
aduise
and
counsaile
,
yea
euen
of
the
simple
Souldiours
,
for
often
times
very
profitable
things
be
learned
of
such
persons
:
and
many
good
counsailes
haue
béene
found
hid
in
a
man
of
base
condition
.
I
doo
not
meane
that
he
should
alwaies
followe
euery
aduise
that
is
giuen
him
,
but
serue
his
turne
with
those
that
are
for
his
purpose
,
and
reiect
the
rest
.
Let
him
with
dexteritie
procure
himselfe
to
be
obeyed
,
as
wel
by
his
Souldiours
,
as
by
the
inhabitants
of
the
place
,
for
obedience
is
one
of
the
principall
things
which
is
necessary
to
be
had
in
the
warres
,
without
the
which
,
all
enterprises
are
made
frustrate
and
turne
to
nothing
.
But
as
the
nature
of
many
people
is
different
,
so
I
thinke
it
not
alwaies
conuenient
,
to
vse
lenetie
&
curtesie
,
principally
towardes
souldiours
:
Neyther
also
is
it
alwayes
expedient
,
to
vse
terrour
and
threatnings
.
Wherefore
it
shall
bee
very
good
,
yea
and
most
necessary
,
to
mixe
seueritie
with
curtesie
,
and
to
change
nature
according
to
occurrences
,
and
to
accomodate
himselfe
to
the
qualitie
of
the
fortune
whereinto
a
man
dooth
fall
.
I
must
not
omit
to
aduertise
the
Captaine
that
shall
chaunce
to
be
in
such
a
faction
,
specially
to
defend
,
vpon
paine
of
greeuous
punishment
,
that
his
people
make
no
spéech
with
others
,
neyther
amongst
themselues
,
of
any
composition
whatsoeuer
with
the
Enemie
:
for
if
this
opinion
should
spring
vp
amongst
a
multitude
,
it
behooues
him
to
quench
the
same
with
as
great
dilligence
as
is
possible
:
by
reason
it
is
a
thing
which
of
ordinary
dooth
happen
in
Townes
that
are
battered
,
and
that
be
redused
to
an
extreame
perrill
.
For
if
these
rumors
or
opinions
should
once
take
roote
,
it
shall
be
afterwards
very
difficile
to
stoppe
the
Souldiours
from
Mutintes
.
Let
him
therefore
foresee
,
that
hee
preuent
the
following
of
these
and
all
other
daungerous
euents
.
Wherefore
euerie
Chiefetaine
,
ought
to
haue
this
poynt
in
singuler
recommendation
,
for
that
it
toucheth
him
particulerly
,
and
is
of
great
importaunce
for
the
conseruation
of
his
credite
and
honour
.
And
according
to
my
iudgement
,
he
shall
much
more
content
his
Prince
,
if
he
loose
the
same
intirely
,
with
magnanimitie
of
courage
,
rather
then
he
should
yeelde
the
same
with
most
honourable
conditions
.
For
in
those
conditions
dooth
not
consist
the
entire
satis-faction
of
his
Prince
,
if
it
be
not
that
hee
be
thereunto
expresly
commaunded
,
and
in
that
case
must
accept
the
condition
appointed
him
.
Hée
must
not
haue
regard
to
the
sauing
of
his
souldiours
,
neither
to
theyr
desire
:
for
when
the
Chiefetaine
dooth
commit
anie
fault
more
then
his
duetie
,
the
souldiours
beare
not
the
blame
.
It
is
he
vpon
whom
euery
one
hath
his
eyes
fixed
,
and
to
him
it
onely
appertaines
to
yeeld
account
to
his
Prince
,
and
to
all
the
world
,
both
of
his
owne
actions
and
of
his
honour
,
considering
that
it
is
a
great
griefe
for
a
woorthy
Captaine
,
to
haue
his
honour
come
in
doubt
and
in
question
.
But
now
,
to
discend
to
the
particulers
of
kéeping
&
defending
of
a
Fortresse
.
He
must
haue
such
number
and
store
of
Artillarie
,
as
is
sufficient
to
garnish
the
Bulwarks
,
Platformes
,
Caualieres
,
and
other
places
where
néede
requires
.
It
shall
be
hard
to
giue
any
special
particuler
rule
touching
the
places
where
they
are
to
be
planted
:
for
according
as
occasion
doth
offer
,
men
are
constrained
to
change
aduise
,
sometimes
planting
many
,
and
sometimes
very
fewe
,
in
respect
as
well
of
the
small
number
of
the
assailants
,
as
of
his
small
store
of
Munition
.
It
is
requisite
that
euery
Péece
haue
his
instruments
and
necessary
furnitures
,
with
sufficient
store
of
bullets
and
powder
.
Besides
,
a
Fortresse
must
be
stored
with
all
sorts
of
instruments
,
which
are
knowne
by
experience
,
fit
and
propper
for
the
defence
thereof
.
Yron
worke
of
all
sorts
be
likewise
necessary
,
coales
in
great
quantitie
,
with
other
Munition
,
which
serue
for
the
making
of
arteficiall
fires
.
Likewise
there
must
be
all
prouisions
and
necessary
matters
to
make
powder
,
and
chiefly
Milnes
of
all
sorts
.
Furthermore
,
instruments
for
the
Pyoners
,
as
Pickaxes
,
Spades
,
Shouels
,
Mattocks
,
Baskets
for
the
hande
,
Whéelebarrowes
,
and
other
such
like
Instruments
,
to
carrie
earth
,
wood
,
fagots
,
&
in
summe
,
all
other
matters
propper
to
make
Ramparts
,
and
to
repayre
the
ruine
the
Artillary
makes
.
That
there
be
likewise
great
numbers
of
Gabions
,
to
couer
and
defend
themselues
from
the
Artillary
,
in
the
which
neuerthelesse
it
is
not
good
to
trust
ouer-much
,
although
they
be
great
and
very
well
fild
:
for
experience
hath
made
proofe
,
that
it
is
not
good
to
put
assured
confidence
in
them
:
but
yet
they
be
altogether
necessary
,
when
a
man
will
vse
them
to
couer
his
people
,
when
hée
begins
to
repayre
or
make
any
other
worke
.
Likewise
he
must
haue
all
sorts
of
Artificers
,
as
Carpenters
,
Smithes
,
Masons
,
Cutters
of
stone
,
and
Quarels
,
&
such
like
.
The
Fortresse
must
likewise
be
well
furnished
,
with
all
sorts
of
Armes
and
weapons
,
that
they
may
be
distributed
to
the
souldiours
,
people
,
seruants
,
prentises
,
and
great
Mnchaches
when
occasion
doth
require
:
for
it
is
as
great
a
praise
to
conserue
a
place
as
to
conquere
it
.
It
behooues
him
moreouer
to
be
very
circumspect
and
carefull
,
against
Camisades
and
suddaine
surprises
,
cheefely
when
the
Enemie
is
so
neere
,
that
in
one
night
he
may
come
thither
and
giue
a
scalade
,
as
Alba
,
Casall
,
and
diuers
other
Fortresses
haue
felt
.
The
Corpes
de
gardes
and
the
Sentinels
,
be
not
sufficient
,
when
a
man
hath
to
deale
with
an
hardie
Enemie
,
which
willingly
doth
try
fortune
,
and
delights
in
actions
of
the
night
,
the
which
when
they
be
well
conducted
grow
to
meruailous
issue
.
Besides
,
the
dilligence
vsed
in
the
placing
of
the
bodies
of
the
watch
and
Sentinels
,
I
thinke
it
very
requisite
,
there
should
bée
sent
foorth
of
the
Cittie
or
Fortresse
,
eyght
or
tenne
Horsemen
,
to
skoure
the
way
on
that
side
that
the
Enemie
might
come
to
gyue
the
scalade
and
assault
:
for
by
this
meanes
you
shall
remaine
assured
,
that
there
can
nothing
fall
out
,
whereof
you
shall
not
be
aduertised
in
due
time
to
prepare
your selfe
for
defence
.
For
want
of
Horsemen
,
vse
some
Footemen
,
for
lost
Sentinels
,
a
Culuerine
shot
from
the
Towne
.
To
preuent
the
dangers
which
a
man
may
receiue
by
hys
owne
proper
Souldiours
,
let
not
any
of
them
know
what
Quarter
they
haue
to
kéepe
,
neyther
in
what
place
they
must
be
sette
in
Sentinell
,
but
euery
night
change
Quarter
,
and
sende
out
continuall
Rounds
by
the
Gentlemen
Caualiers
of
S.
Georges
Squadron
,
and
Souldiours
appointed
for
that
purpose
,
who
carefullie
may
visite
both
the
bodies
of
the
watch
,
the
generall
places
of
Armes
in
the
Towne
,
and
the
Sentinels
vpon
the
walles
and
in
the
stréetes
,
according
to
the
dutie
of
theyr
Office
prescribed
them
in
my
second
Booke
.
I
iudge
it
likewise
requisite
,
that
he
which
is
Chiefe
,
which
dooth
commaund
,
and
hath
the
kéeping
of
a
Fortresse
,
must
not
in
any
case
,
permit
his
Souldiours
to
practise
,
deuise
and
become
familiar
with
the
Enemie
,
as
hath
béene
oftentimes
séene
,
and
principally
of
the
Italians
and
our
Nation
:
but
contrariwise
ought
to
defend
them
the
●…ame
,
and
altogether
behaue
themselues
like
Enemies
.
Suffer
not
often
to
enter
into
the
Towne
the
Enemies
Drums
and
Trumpets
,
for
they
may
be
of
such
craftie
and
practised
qualitie
as
might
become
very
hurtfull
,
and
as
by
experience
was
séene
in
the
warres
of
Parma
,
at
the
taking
of
Torchaira
,
where
,
by
the
practise
of
a
Drummer
,
which
had
the
commodity
to
view
,
discerne
,
the
measure
and
height
of
the
Ramparts
,
the
Towne
was
taken
,
and
the
Prince
of
Macedonia
the
Gouernour
thereof
slayne
.
Therfore
to
auoyd
such
inconuenience
,
some
haue
vsed
to
blindfield
the
Enemies
Drum
and
Trumpetter
,
with
a
scarfe
,
vpon
his
first
comming
to
the
Sentinell
without
the
Gates
,
and
from
thence
to
send
a
Sergiant
or
other
trustie
Officer
with
him
,
to
the
Gouernour
,
who
accompanying
hym
vntill
hys
returne
,
may
disband
hys
eyes
,
a
Hargabuze
shot
from
the
walles
.
I
cannot
héere
passe
ouer
with
silence
,
one
note
amongst
other
great
trauels
and
toyles
in
warfare
,
which
fals
out
in
the
defence
of
a
Fortresse
.
In
that
sometimes
a
Prince
or
Generall
wil
commaund
thee
to
goe
into
a
Towne
or
Castell
,
which
before
hande
you
know
by
effect
,
to
be
of
small
defence
:
wherefore
considering
it
is
a
difficile
thing
,
for
a
Souldiour
of
approoued
experience
,
to
yeeld
account
of
hys
honor
,
together
with
the
losse
of
a
Fortresse
,
many
haue
thought
it
good
to
refuse
such
a
charge
,
by
meanes
whereof
,
they
haue
lost
the
good
grace
of
theyr
Prince
,
and
haue
béene
diffamed
of
him
&
of
the
people
,
and
accounted
as
cowards
and
dastards
.
Wherefore
in
my
iudgement
,
a
Souldiour
of
honour
,
ought
rather
to
accept
such
a
charge
then
to
refuse
it
,
yea
,
if
it
were
to
runne
headlong
into
manifest
danger
,
dooing
his
dutie
neuerthelesse
,
with
as
great
dilligence
and
valour
as
he
can
possible
.
It
is
good
for
all
that
,
he
giue
his
Prince
or
Generall
to
vnderstand
,
that
the
same
place
is
of
no
defence
,
neuerthelesse
,
to
doo
hym
seruice
,
he
is
resolutly
determined
to
hazard
his
life
therein
.
Now
if
hys
Chiefetaine
be
of
discretion
,
as
it
is
to
be
presupposed
he
is
,
and
one
that
will
not
shewe
himselfe
ingratefull
towardes
his
Souldiours
,
he
wyll
honour
this
Souldiour
,
and
recompence
hym
for
hys
valour
and
loyaltie
.
To
come
to
the
defence
of
a
siege
,
I
woulde
first
require
the
Chiefetaine
,
to
reade
my
generall
notes
of
fortification
,
wherin
and
in
the
other
parts
of
this
Booke
,
he
shall
finde
many
good
aduertisements
and
obseruations
.
Moreouer
,
let
him
aboue
all
things
,
victuall
hys
Fortresse
well
,
for
though
it
be
otherwise
inuinsible
,
yet
for
want
of
the
same
it
may
be
lost
:
for
a
Towne
beeing
once
besieged
,
it
is
hard
to
victuall
the
same
,
or
to
discharge
it
of
improffitable
mouthes
,
for
the
one
is
very
hard
&
vncertaine
,
the
other
doth
profit
smally
,
touching
which
,
Florence
and
Sienna
in
the
wars
of
Italie
may
be
an
example
,
who
going
about
to
vse
this
remedie
,
were
in
the
end
smally
discharged
.
But
alas
,
with
what
difficultie
and
incredible
compassion
did
they
obtaine
the
least
part
of
theyr
intent
,
a
thing
more
miserable
then
is
necessary
to
be
rehearsed
,
&
therfore
according
to
the
place
&
persons
,
requisite
prouision
ought
in
due
time
to
be
made
,
and
to
be
kept
in
Storehouses
for
the
siege
time
.
The
number
of
Souldiours
to
defende
a
Fortresse
,
ought
to
be
greater
then
those
for
the
ordinary
defence
of
the
same
when
it
is
not
besieged
,
to
the
intent
there
may
be
store
to
make
sallies
and
issues
:
and
besides
,
in
the
time
of
a
siege
many
be
destroyed
and
faile
,
eyther
by
sworde
or
sicknes
.
It
is
accounted
most
necessary
for
the
defence
of
a
Cittie
or
Fortresse
,
to
haue
a
thousand
Souldiours
for
euery
thousand
pase
,
yea
and
a
farre
greater
number
according
to
the
bignesse
of
the
Bulwarks
and
circuit
of
other
places
.
When
the
Enemie
hath
enuironed
the
Towne
,
and
begunne
hys
approches
,
it
is
requisite
the
Souldiours
should
likewise
enuiron
the
walles
,
and
lodge
and
make
theyr
Cabbens
at
the
foote
of
the
Curtines
and
Ramparts
,
that
according
to
theyr
due
appointed
Quarter
,
they
may
be
ready
vpon
all
occasions
of
seruice
,
keeping
neuerthelesse
,
sufficient
Corpes
de
garde
in
the
Market-place
,
Towne-house
,
and
other
strength
,
to
brydle
the
mutinous
mindes
of
the
Townes
men
.
Hée
must
with
all
dilligence
,
vse
all
possible
meanes
to
garde
and
kéepe
the
Ditch
,
with
the
way
which
is
made
in
the
Counterscarpe
,
which
commonly
is
called
the
couert
way
.
The
same
dooth
very
much
import
for
his
defence
,
and
the
better
dooth
hee
trauaile
the
Enemie
,
if
he
can
hinder
the
sayde
Enemie
from
approching
:
for
if
he
make
approch
,
he
may
easily
enter
within
the
Ditch
,
and
open
the
Counterscarpe
,
to
batter
afterwardes
the
Casemates
,
and
to
Myne
and
dig
downe
the
Ramparts
.
Hée
must
not
fayle
whilst
the
battery
is
in
making
,
oftentimes
to
sende
out
to
discouer
and
view
the
Ditch
,
and
to
clense
the
ruines
which
the
Artillarie
hath
made
:
for
these
ruines
doo
hinder
the
Cannoniers
.
But
if
the
force
of
the
Enemie
be
such
,
that
by
the
meanes
of
hys
Trenches
,
he
take
away
the
vse
of
the
Ditch
,
make
frustrate
the
flankes
and
defences
,
it
is
then
very
necessary
,
that
you
retyre
so
much
inward
,
that
you
haue
the
commoditie
to
make
Trenches
to
enuiron
the
batteries
.
Moreouer
,
if
you
haue
time
,
and
that
the
situation
be
conuenient
,
you
may
make
new
Ramparts
and
defences
,
as
Counter-ditches
,
Flanckes
,
Caualieres
,
and
other
Ramparts
,
such
as
shal
be
necessary
to
furnish
himselfe
against
the
batteries
&
assaultes
the
Enemie
shall
make
.
Note
likewise
that
in
so
terrible
an
accident
,
being
so
daungerous
,
and
specially
when
the
walles
be
ruinate
,
you
must
not
fayle
to
kéepe
your
people
in
battayle
,
so
néere
the
battery
as
is
possible
,
with
a
good
number
of
people
Armed
on
the
head
.
And
for
that
it
fals
out
oftentimes
,
that
certayne
companies
of
m●…n
at
Armes
,
and
Launces
,
be
in
a
Towne
or
Fortresse
be
●…ieged
,
these
Horsemen
béeing
Armed
and
sette
on
foote
,
are
of
great
vtilitie
and
profit
,
if
they
be
put
in
〈◊〉
head
of
the
battaile
,
wyth
a
troupe
of
Hargabuziers
by
the
flanck
of
the
Trench
,
to
flanck
the
battery
withall
.
The
Souldiours
,
both
Hargabuziers
and
Pikemen
,
must
accomodate
themselues
rounde
about
the
Trench
,
as
appeares
by
these
two
figures
following
.
It
hath
oftentimes
come
to
passe
,
that
neere
adioyning
to
the
place
where
the
battery
is
made
,
there
hath
been
found
certaine
houses
,
that
the
said
battery
for
the
most
part
hath
battered
&
ruinate
,
neuerthelesse
,
there
doth
remaine
as
yet
,
some
height
of
wall
out
of
the
earth
,
where
there
may
be
placed
vnder
couert
of
the
same
,
a
good
number
of
Musket
and
Hargabuziers
,
that
flancking
the
Fortresse
and
breach
,
hath
beene
the
safegard
and
the
defence
of
the
place
,
as
appeares
by
this
figure
following
.
Therefore
these
things
before
considered
,
it
is
very
necessary
,
that
he
which
dooth
gouerne
a
Fortresse
,
be
of
good
vnderstanding
and
experience
,
and
that
he
perfectly
knowe
and
be
able
to
choose
all
his
parties
and
aduantages
.
It
falles
likewise
out
oftentimes
,
that
Townes
and
Fortresses
be
subiect
to
Mountaines
and
vnto
Caualiers
,
and
Mounts
made
of
purpose
,
in
such
sort
as
they
be
battered
along
the
Curtine
,
by
reason
wherof
they
are
with
great
difficultie
defended
,
principally
when
they
be
of
little
circuit
,
for
that
there
remaines
no
place
,
wherin
Trauerses
may
be
made
.
But
if
the
Fortresse
or
place
be
great
,
and
that
leysure
dooth
permit
,
very
good
Trauerses
may
be
wrought
,
to
resist
the
battery
of
the
Enemie
,
as
appeareth
by
thys
figure
following
.
If
it
fall
so
out
that
you
cannot
make
Trauerses
vppon
the
Terreplaine
,
for
that
the
Enemy
doth
hinder
it
,
either
by
the
means
of
Mountaines
,
or
by
the
meanes
of
Caualiers
raised
vppe
of
purpose
,
the
same
will
fall
out
to
be
very
hurtfull
;
beeing
constrained
to
leaue
and
abandon
the
height
of
the
Terreplaine
,
or
top
of
the
Curtine
to
the
Enemie
,
and
to
become
farre
distant
off
from
the
battery
,
neuerthelesse
,
you
may
accommodate
your
battery
wyth
Trenches
by
flancking
it
,
and
abase
downward
your selfe
so
lowe
as
is
possible
:
thys
is
one
of
the
best
meanes
that
may
be
vsed
.
For
preparations
against
the
assault
,
you
must
not
be
destitute
of
all
sorts
of
arteficial
fire
,
as
Trompes
,
Granades
,
Bullets
and
other
such
like
,
neither
omit
to
cast
Chausse
traps
,
and
Tables
full
of
nayles
which
will
giue
great
impediment
to
the
Enemy
.
But
when
such
things
doo
fayle
,
place
great
store
of
dry
wood
and
straw
vpon
the
battery
,
which
béeing
kindled
with
a
trayne
of
powder
,
giues
some
leysure
and
opportunitie
to
the
besieged
,
to
prouide
for
theyr
affayres
.
Some
haue
spredde
a
netting
,
such
as
is
vsed
vpon
shyps
ouer
the
battery
,
and
by
the
Mast
of
a
shyp
,
a
pole
and
a
pullie
arteficially
made
,
haue
taken
Souldiours
being
entered
vppon
the
same
to
giue
assault
,
like
Conies
in
a
Pursnet
,
by
hoysing
it
vp
suddainly
,
as
was
put
in
practise
at
Harlen
in
Holland
.
Some
vse
to
bloe
vppe
the
breach
with
powder
,
when
the
Souldiours
assailants
doo
swarme
most
thickest
vpon
it
.
But
finally
,
the
most
part
defend
it
by
trenches
,
plan●…ed
ful
of
Muskets
,
murthering
Péeces
&
Chambers
,
filled
ful
of
nailes
,
old
yron
,
and
such
like
.
And
lastly
,
by
the
valiant
&
maine
force
of
couragious
〈◊〉
,
〈◊〉
,
and
souldiours
,
that
rather
chose
to
die
amongst
the
〈◊〉
of
the
breach
,
for
the
safety
of
theyr
sayth
,
Christianitie
and
Country
;
then
enioy
a
shamefull
life
,
and
die
with
infamie
vpon
a
bed
of
Downe
,
and
be
buried
in
the
pit
of
ignominie
and
darke
obliuion
.
Vpon
what
occasion
it
is
lawfull
to
yeelde
vp
a
Fortresse
into
the
Enemies
hands
.
BErnardin
Rocca
in
his
second
Booke
of
Millitarie
stratagemes
,
and
in
his
eyght
Impresa
,
vppon
thys
note
.
That
a
Captaine
ought
not
to
giue
into
his
Enemies
hands
any
Fortresse
,
vnlesse
he
were
more
then
constrained
thereunto
,
hath
these
words
.
The
orders
of
antiquity
are
run
so
far
out
of
course
,
specially
in
the
arte
of
warres
,
that
a
Souldiour
dooth
not
knowe
howe
to
resolue
himselfe
,
whether
hee
doo
well
or
euill
in
the
affaires
of
hys
Prince
,
and
whether
in
one
sortor
another
,
hee
ought
to
gouerne
himselfe
in
his
profession
.
And
that
the
same
is
so
,
I
find
amongst
other
things
in
the
arte
of
war
,
an
order
or
statute
of
this
tenoure
.
That
whosoeuer
dooth
giue
into
the
handes
of
the
Enemie
,
anie
Towne
in
his
kéeping
,
dooth
incurre
the
daunger
of
death
,
if
by
chaunce
,
he
be
not
more
then
constrained
to
yéelde
the
same
,
and
that
it
is
likely
a
man
of
valour
woulde
haue
doone
the
like
.
By
this
ordinaunce
therfore
is
comprehended
,
that
when
a
man
of
valour
,
shall
be
appointed
to
the
garde
of
a
Cittie
,
of
a
Castle
,
or
any
other
place
,
he
ought
neuer
to
depart
and
giue
ouer
his
enterprise
,
for
any
words
spoken
,
sent
,
or
written
vnto
him
by
the
Enemy
,
neither
for
that
he
dooth
enuiron
him
round
about
with
hys
Campe
,
and
procéedes
no
fu●…ther
:
for
neither
by
words
,
neyther
by
séeing
the
enemy
encamped
round
about
him
,
it
can
neuer
bée
iudged
,
that
a
Castellane
issuing
foorth
of
his
Castle
,
which
is
stored
of
all
sorts
of
victuals
,
or
lookes
for
succour
,
that
therefore
hee
was
forced
to
doo
so
,
or
that
he
hath
issued
foorth
like
a
man
of
valour
,
or
that
euery
man
of
valeur
would
haue
doone
the
like
.
Therefore
he
ought
to
haue
respect
,
that
when
the
place
it selfe
may
be
defended
against
an
assault
,
without
batterie
,
that
at
leastwise
he
ought
to
aspect
and
●…arry
one
assault
,
and
more
,
if
he
be
able
to
sustaine
more
.
And
if
a
battery
were
necessary
for
the
taking
of
the
same
,
for
that
it
is
apt
to
defend
it selfe
from
some
shot
of
Artillarie
,
some
shot
likewise
it
ought
to
abide
.
But
if
the
defendants
did
find
themselues
in
such
state
&
termes
,
that
they
could
not
,
or
did
doubt
themselues
not
to
be
able
to
resist
,
neither
the
one
nor
the
other
,
I
am
of
opinion
,
that
not
being
promised
assured
succours
,
at
a
certaine
limitted
time
,
in
yéelding
afterwards
,
that
the
defendants
doo
not
merite
any
punishment
,
by
law
of
Armes
,
neyther
of
their
Superiours
,
nor
at
the
handes
of
the
Enemy
.
Thus
farre
Rocca
writeth
,
touching
the
tearmes
of
yéelding
vp
a
hold
,
in
which
Chapter
he
declares
,
that
certaine
souldiours
yéelding
themselues
vpon
thys
foresaid
necessity
,
vpon
conditions
to
issue
and
depart
without
Armes
,
eyther
offensiue
or
defensiue
,
the
Enemie
vpon
theyr
comming
foorth
,
searching
the
souldiours
vpon
the
wordes
of
thys
paction
,
finding
onely
theyr
hangers
and
buckles
vpon
their
gyrdles
,
whereat
they
did
hang
theyr
Rapiers
,
tooke
occasion
vpon
the
same
to
hang
them
vp
.
Wherefore
the
Articles
of
yéelding
vp
a
Fort
,
(
if
it
be
lawfull
at
all
to
doo
so
,
)
is
to
be
scanned
thorowly
,
and
euery
doubt
to
be
well
discyphered
,
that
neither
he
that
is
Captaine
,
nor
his
Souldiours
,
incur
the
displeasure
of
his
Prince
,
or
the
danger
of
the
Enemie
.
But
when
it
imports
the
generall
safetie
,
commoditie
,
and
aduauncement
of
his
Prince
,
his
Country
,
his
Campe
and
Confederates
,
he
must
then
persist
euen
to
the
losse
of
the
last
man
,
as
of
late
hath
beene
a
great
policie
of
sundry
Generals
,
to
stawle
the
fury
of
the
Enemy
,
and
by
those
blocks
of
delaye
,
to
linger
the
time
,
thereby
to
preferre
his
owne
safegarde
,
and
the
common
commoditie
of
the
whole
Campe
.
Necessary
aduertisements
for
the
Captaine
that
expects
besieging
.
THat
Captaine
which
hath
the
gouernment
of
any
Garrison
,
and
lookes
to
be
besteged
,
must
haue
respect
to
diuers
thinges
,
as
to
expell
certaine
suspected
housholdes
,
which
séeme
to
drawe
with
the
contrary
part
,
likewise
all
vnprofitable
persons
,
as
olde
men
that
are
not
able
to
kéepe
watch
,
nor
of
strength
to
worke
at
repayres
.
To
prouide
necessary
victuals
,
Surgions
,
Phisitions
,
drugges
,
spiceries
,
likewise
all
Munition
for
powder
and
Artillarie
,
wood
and
fagots
for
repayres
,
wood
to
bake
bread
,
Smithes
,
Armourers
,
Carpenters
,
for
making
repayres
,
and
all
sortes
of
handy
crafts
,
necessary
.
Likewise
when
a
Captaine
doth
enter
into
Garrison
,
hee
must
goe
twise
or
thrise
about
the
Towne
,
both
within
and
without
the
walles
,
to
behold
and
discerne
where
the
Enemie
might
most
endomage
,
as
well
by
scalade
as
by
batterie
,
and
diuers
times
thorowly
consider
of
the
same
,
and
vse
requisite
fortifications
,
wyth
repayres
,
bulwarks
,
Bastillions
,
Caualieres
,
Casemates
,
Counterscarpes
,
Countergardes
,
halfe
Moones
,
Trenches
,
Mounts
.
&c.
ayded
therein
by
the
industry
of
good
Ingeniours
.
When
wood
and
Fagots
doo
want
for
repayres
,
vse
great
numbers
of
rounde
Gabions
,
with
a
space
betwixt
each
one
,
for
Artillary
.
For
want
of
these
,
vse
empty
Barrels
&
Pypes
,
filled
with
earth
and
well
fastened
,
but
when
these
want
,
in
great
extreme●…y
,
bring
foorth
flock-beds
,
Mattresses
,
Fetherbe●…s
,
yea
tapasary
,
&c.
hauing
euer
great
care
that
no
stones
be
mixed
in
any
of
these
Bastiones
,
Bulwarks
,
or
Fortifications
,
by
reason
they
are
more
hurtfull
to
the
souldiours
within
,
then
the
Enemies
Artillarie
without
,
&
therfore
Muddie
or
mossie
walles
,
is
euer
better
then
the
thickest
stone
wall
.
Prouide
that
by
Geometricall
obseruations
,
one
Bulwarke
defend
another
,
that
likewise
hee
haue
store
of
arteficiall
fyre
,
and
such
like
instruments
for
the
defence
of
the
walles
.
Neither
must
he
forget
,
sometimes
to
fayne
the
losse
of
some
Bulwarke
,
so
that
the
Enemy
béeing
entered
vpon
the
same
,
either
he
may
be
blowne
vp
with
powder
,
or
caught
in
a
Nette
of
cordes
,
layd
secretly
vnder
loose
dust
,
and
hoysed
vp
at
the
end
of
a
Mast
,
as
was
at
Harlen
,
where
diuers
of
the
assailants
were
caught
,
like
to
Conies
in
a
purse-net
.
The
Towne
gates
must
be
made
lowe
,
the
●…oppe
thereof
appearing
very
little
aboue
the
Counterscarpe
,
from
whence
the
ground
must
discend
downe
wards
,
with
●…
crooked
bending
,
euen
to
the
Gates
,
which
must
but
be
onely
capable
to
receiue
●…
〈◊〉
or
wagon
,
loden
with
Hay
or
Corne
.
The
proportion
of
a
Plat
for
fortification
.
A
new
inuention
,
and
almost
inuincible
forme
of
fortification
,
against
the
furious
battery
of
Artillarie
.
IT
hath
béene
the
common
vse
in
all
fortifications
héeretofore
,
to
place
the
earth
behind
the
walles
of
the
Fortresse
,
and
therof
to
make
Bulwarks
and
Ramparts
,
but
in
the
construction
of
this
inuincible
fortresse
,
against
the
infernall
furie
of
Artillarie
,
it
is
necessary
to
vse
a
new
inuention
to
fo●…tefie
.
For
the
sayd
earth
being
placed
in
forme
of
Rampart
behindthe
wall
,
cannot
serue
to
resist
the
blowes
of
the
Cannon
,
but
then
onely
when
the
saide
wall
is
ruinated
:
which
is
quite
contrary
to
the
proportion
I
meane
to
preferre
.
For
in
stéede
that
the
wall
dooth
couer
the
earth
,
and
dooth
serue
for
defence
vnto
the
same
,
I
meane
to
make
the
earth
to
supply
thys
Office
,
and
that
it
doo
not
onely
hinder
the
Artillary
from
béeing
able
to
batter
the
same
wall
,
but
also
that
it
become
a
couer
thereunto
,
to
the
intent
the
sight
thereof
may
bée
wholly
taken
away
from
the
Enemie
.
To
performe
which
,
it
is
necessary
to
plant
and
place
the
earth
before
the
wall
,
&
not
as
of
ordinary
is
accustomed
,
to
ioyne
it
close
to
the
wall
,
but
distant
thirtie
or
thirtie
fiue
foote
,
in
making
a
dry
Ditch
without
water
betwixt
them
both
.
Thys
earth
shall
be
sustained
vpon
that
side
,
which
doth
behold
the
Fortresse
,
with
a
little
wall
of
foure
foote
thicknes
in
the
foundation
,
arising
to
be
two
foote
thicke
in
the
height
.
Upon
that
side
which
dooth
looke
towards
the
fieldes
,
it
shall
likewise
be
sustained
with
a
little
wall
of
sixe
foote
height
from
the
toppe
of
the
water
,
which
is
in
the
great
Ditch
,
and
dooth
seperate
this
masse
of
earth
from
the
Counterscarpe
.
The
plaine
of
thys
earth
shall
be
in
thicknesse
where
it
is
most
narrowe
,
which
towardes
the
corners
of
the
Flankers
and
Curtines
,
or
more
or
lesse
large
as
the
proportion
requires
.
And
the
largest
,
which
is
at
the
Angles
,
as
well
of
the
Curtines
as
Bulwarks
150.
foote
thick
,
which
dooth
arise
to
be
25.
fadome
,
and
for
the
gard
of
the
sholders
he
shall
haue
60.
foote
mounting
to
ten
fadome
.
In
sum
,
that
the
sholders
in
comprehending
all
the
space
,
which
is
from
the
walles
that
the
flanck
makes
,
vnto
the
little
wall
,
which
dooth
sustaine
the
masse
of
earth
vppon
the
side
of
the
great
Ditch
,
shal
be
150.
foote
.
That
is
to
say
,
the
earth
shal
haue
in
this
place
60.
foote
,
the
ditch
betwixt
the
earth
and
the
sholder
of
the
wall
30.
foote
or
more
,
and
the
sholder
of
the
Bulwarke
●…0
.
foote
.
Héere
I
wold
demaund
of
those
which
haue
searched
out
so
many
inuentions
,
to
find
the
meanes
to
fortifie
and
make
a
Fortresse
inexpugnable
,
wherein
they
haue
thought
to
haue
attained
therevnto
.
If
to
find
meanes
to
preserue
it
against
the
blowes
of
Artillary
,
be
the
conseruation
of
Townes
of
war
,
I
perswade
iny
selfe
that
this
my
inuention
,
doth
approch
very
néere
to
that
which
they
in
vaine
of
long
sought
for
,
●…nd
so
in
part
I
doubt
not
I
shall
satisfie
their
desire
.
For
what
store
of
Munition
,
what
length
of
time
,
must
be
imployed
,
to
batter
this
by
the
blowes
of
the
Cannon
,
first
60.
foote
of
the
defence
of
the
earth
,
and
as
much
of
the
should●…r
made
to
the
wall
:
this
masse
of
earth
béeing
a
matter
soft
,
which
cannot
be
disseuered
or
dispersed
,
as
I
presuppose
it
should
be
,
shal
it
not
defend
the
sholder
that
stands
behinde
from
rece●…uing
any
domage
.
And
if
the
case
be
thus
,
what
feare
is
to
be
had
,
the
Townes
being
fortified
by
this
meanes
,
but
that
they
shall
be
able
to
defend
themselues
from
any
violence
or
fury
of
Artillary
.
For
whilst
the
defences
remaine
whole
and
entire
,
the
which
serue
vnto
Fortresses
,
in
like
case
as
armes
,
legs
,
and
other
members
doo
vnto
the
bodie
,
it
is
certaine
that
they
may
assure
themselues
,
from
falling
into
the
hands
of
the
Enemy
.
Now
this
masse
of
earth
,
being
placed
as
I
haue
said
,
may
be
named
a
Countergarde
,
the
which
may
be
so
placed
,
that
it
shal
not
any
thing
hinder
the
flankers
or
defences
of
euery
Bulwark
,
but
that
they
shall
be
able
to
behold
,
and
fréely
to
discouer
,
all
that
whatsoeuer
shal
show
and
present
it selfe
alongst
the
same
,
as
may
be
more
plainly
iudged
,
by
the
view
of
the
draughts
and
platforms
of
this
inuention
,
which
I
haue
set
out
at
the
ende
of
this
discourse
.
But
to
the
end
euery
thing
may
be
the
more
plainly
vnderstood
,
I
wil
particulerly
thus
set
downe
all
the
parts
.
First
,
betwixt
the
Countergard
,
and
the
Counterscarpe
,
the
which
is
the
bounds
and
space
of
the
ditch
,
the
said
ditch
shal
be
at
the
least
80.
foote
large
,
and
25.
or
30.
déepe
,
as
is
shewed
in
this
figure
following
,
by
the
place
marked
with
A.
In
the
bothome
of
the
said
ditch
,
must
bee
made
another
little
ditch
,
which
shall
be
made
20.
foote
large
,
and
20.
déepe
,
made
in
forme
of
this
letter
V.
&
marked
with
B.
Thys
little
ditch
shal
be
distant
,
and
stretched
out
from
the
Countergard
10.
or
12.
foote
,
which
space
is
marked
C.
At
the
foote
of
the
sayde
Countergard
,
the
little
wall
must
be
placed
,
surmounting
the
brinke
of
the
water
,
as
I
haue
made
mention
of
héere
before
,
coated
with
D.
Betwixt
this
litt●…e
wal
and
the
Countergard
,
a
little
Allie
shal
be
left
,
or
spare
of
4.
foote
large
,
marked
with
this
letter
.
E.
The
masse
of
earth
called
Countergard
,
must
be
made
in
the
fashion
of
a
Kampart
,
but
quite
contrary
to
those
which
haue
béene
accus●…omed
,
to
be
placed
behind
and
against
the
walles
of
Fortresses
For
in
stéed
that
the
Ramparts
ordinarily
haue
theyr
accesse
towards
the
body
of
the
Cittie
,
this
shall
haue
his
back
turned
towards
the
Champaine
,
and
the
Front
towards
the
Cittie
,
the
which
backe
shall
be
made
in
the
forme
of
a
ridge
,
slyding
and
leaning
downe
all
alongst
,
from
the
top
euen
to
the
bothome
,
as
doth
the
side
of
a
roofe
of
a
house
,
except
that
in
the
very
top
and
height
of
the
Countergar●…
,
there
must
be
8.
or
10.
foote
of
explanade
or
flat
grounde
,
marked
thus
with
F.
And
for
that
I
haue
before
made
mention
of
the
wall
,
which
must
sustaine
the
Countergarde
,
also
of
the
second
dry
ditch
,
which
must
be
betwixt
the
Countergarde
and
the
w●…ll
,
that
doth
enclose
the
Fortresse
.
Let
this
figure
following
suf●…
for
the
vnderstanding
both
of
this
and
the
rest
.
But
to
the
intent
the
Reader
may
vnderstande
the
perfection
of
this
worke
the
better
.
I
will
in
part
expound
the
properties
&
circumstances
therof
,
&
wherunto
euery
one
doth
particularly
serue
.
Touching
the
proportion
and
body
of
the
fortification
,
as
Curtins
,
bulwarks
,
sholders
,
flanckes
,
and
Caualieres
,
I
presuppose
that
they
are
made
in
such
due
forme
and
order
as
hath
béen
accustomed
to
be
vsed
,
of
those
the
be
perfect
Maisters
in
this
arte
,
saue
that
I
would
haue
the
Curtines
from
the
〈◊〉
bend
inward
in
Angle
like
a
paire
of
tonges
or
forke
,
wherby
it
shal
be
very
hard
to
place
any
Artillary
to
batter
them
,
and
if
it
should
be
so
that
they
were
battered
,
yet
might
they
bee
well
defended
by
the
opposite
sides
,
whereby
an
infinite
number
of
Assailants
should
lose
theyr
lyues
,
béeing
so
wel
defended
on
all
sides
,
and
doo
moreouer
make
this
fortification
,
more
forceably
and
longer
time
,
to
resist
&
continue
against
the
Mattocke
&
Spade
and
such
row●…ing
Trenches
,
as
were
made
by
the
great
Turke
,
at
the
expugnation
of
Rodes
,
and
Famagosta
.
But
to
procéede
to
my
former
promise
,
first
the
circute
of
the
wall
,
and
the
enclosure
of
this
Fortresse
,
is
not
needfull
to
be
made
so
great
,
and
so
thicke
as
hath
béene
accustomed
to
fashion
them
,
that
is
to
say
,
from
12.
to
15.
foote
,
but
it
will
suffi●…e
to
giue
them
7.
or
8.
foote
in
the
foundation
.
For
by
this
inuention
,
the
wall
is
not
subiect
at
all
to
the
battery
,
neither
to
be
thrust
downe
&
loden
by
the
Rampart
,
because
there
shall
néed
to
be
none
,
(
if
it
to
séeme
good
)
as
a
thing
not
very
necessary
.
But
if
any
Ramparts
of
earth
be
made
,
let
them
not
with
their
massiue
heauines
thrust
downe
the
standing
wall
,
to
auoy●…e
the
which
,
in
clothing
the
〈◊〉
and
Curtines
with
walles
,
after
you
haue
planted
the
foundations
,
which
may
be
of
the
largenesse
of
5.
or
6.
foote
,
or
more
straite
,
the
wall
on
the
outside
must
bee
made
according
to
the
ordinary
custome
:
but
within
,
you
〈◊〉
from
25.
to
25.
foote
,
apply
thereunto
Counterforts
,
other
wise
called
Spurs
,
which
are
in
length
15.
foote
,
and
large
2.
or
3.
foote
,
at
the
discretion
of
the
workman
,
betwixt
the
which
Spurres
,
the
wall
must
not
stand
bolt
vpright
within
according
to
the
ordinary
fashion
,
whether
it
be
in
height
or
in
largenes
,
but
the
height
must
be
like
vnto
a
renuersed
héele
leaning
,
or
as
if
it
would
fal
reeling
,
and
bend
groueling
vpon
the
Rampart
.
And
if
necessity
require
,
to
giue
it
more
strength
at
the
foote
,
to
the
intent
it
may
the
better
support
the
heauy
burden
of
earth
.
Moreouer
,
the
space
betwixt
the
one
Counterfort
and
the
other
,
must
be
made
in
round
,
like
vnto
a
vaute
,
making
the
Spurres
to
serue
for
proppes
and
stayes
.
The
commodity
which
thys
wall
bringes
,
is
,
that
it
is
exempt
from
great
charge
,
from
the
violent
thronging
&
thrusting
of
the
earth
.
The
stones
thereof
being
battered
in
by
the
Cannon
,
wyll
close
and
knit
together
with
the
earth
▪
and
so
make
great
resistance
,
besides
,
they
will
not
very
much
fill
the
Ditch
when
they
are
abated
,
rather
falling
toward
the
Rampart
then
otherwise
.
And
the
sayd
Rampart
hauing
taken
the
proportion
of
a
renuersed
wall
,
wyll
make
a
strait
shape
,
like
vnto
the
first
face
of
the
wall
.
And
for
thys
respect
,
although
the
wall
were
taken
away
,
&
ruinated
,
it
can
neyther
fall
nor
slyde
,
and
wyll
make
Fronte
receiuing
anie
domage
.
But
to
continue
on
my
first
discourse
,
hauing
begun
with
the
wall
which
dooth
enuiron
the
circuit
of
the
Fortresse
or
Cittie
,
I
wyll
goe
on
,
and
presuppose
that
the
Ditch
,
which
is
made
betwixt
the
wall
and
Countergarde
,
hath
36.
foote
in
largenes
,
and
is
dry
without
water
therby
to
haue
commoditie
to
goe
and
come
all
along
.
The
entrie
thereunto
,
must
be
by
the
Cannoniers
of
the
Flancks
,
which
defend
the
same
,
which
will
serue
to
be
of
no
small
commodity
to
the
Souldiours
,
hauing
the
meane
to
transport
themselues
easily
and
without
danger
,
into
all
places
where
necessitie
dooth
call
them
.
The
Countergard
must
be
sustained
on
that
side
towardes
the
Cittie
,
with
a
little
wall
,
which
must
be
of
lesse
height
then
the
earth
,
by
thrée
or
foure
foote
,
to
the
intent
you
may
easily
discouer
,
(
béeing
before
the
Counterscarpe
)
fiue
or
sixe
foote
of
the
Wall
,
which
dooth
enclose
and
shut
vp
the
Fortresse
.
This
earth
must
bee
spred
vniformally
,
and
couched
betwixt
the
two
walles
,
according
to
the
〈◊〉
before
prescribed
,
to
the
intent
that
there
may
be
nothing
but
it
may
discouer
,
and
defende
on
all
sides
,
and
that
no
hinderaunce
may
be
giuen
to
the
Flankers
and
Caualiers
to
shoote
and
behold
each
place
.
This
proportion
shal
be
very
little
able
to
be
battered
,
and
least
before
the
Angles
of
the
Bulwarks
,
and
the
midst
of
the
Curtines
,
by
reason
of
their
thicknesse
;
and
if
it
should
receiue
any
batterie
,
it
should
be
onely
but
vpon
the
height
and
top
of
the
same
.
And
in
the
space
betwixt
the
one
wall
and
the
other
,
certaine
hearbes
for
the
nourishment
of
Cattle
may
be
sowne
,
amongst
which
,
to
ioyne
the
earth
more
fast
together
,
it
is
good
to
sowe
a
certaine
Hearbe
,
called
Medica
,
for
that
it
was
brought
from
Mede
,
which
dooth
bring
forth
a
very
long
roote
,
specially
when
the
ground
hath
béene
plowed
and
laboured
much
before
,
which
will
procure
it
to
be
able
to
be
defended
,
against
the
iniurie
of
the
ayre
,
and
of
men
,
neyther
néedes
it
to
be
sowne
but
from
ten
yéeres
to
ten
.
Shéepe
that
feede
héereupon
,
become
more
fatte
,
and
more
sauerie
then
others
,
those
that
are
nourished
therwith
,
bring
forth
Lambes
for
the
most
part
twise
a
yeere
,
as
those
of
Brabant
,
Holland
,
and
Lombardie
haue
tryed
by
experience
,
specially
in
Fraunce
,
where
it
is
vulgarly
called
Sainctfoin
,
and
so
it
yéeldes
two
commodities
,
for
the
roote
doth
so
binde
the
earth
,
that
it
will
not
easily
dismember
by
the
blowes
of
the
Cannon
,
and
the
hearbe
is
good
for
the
Cattle
enclosed
in
the
Towne
,
during
the
siege
.
The
little
space
or
Allie
,
which
is
at
the
foote
of
the
Countergard
,
of
4.
foote
large
shall
serue
,
to
the
intent
you
may
haue
the
meane
to
place
therein
diuers
Souldiours
,
which
may
come
and
goe
,
as
well
before
the
Bulwarks
,
as
before
the
Cur●…ines
.
And
the
little
wall
which
is
before
the
same
,
shall
no●…
be
vnprofitable
,
for
first
it
will
hide
and
serue
for
Paralell
to
couer
the
Souldiours
,
which
are
behind
it
,
that
they
cannot
be
end●…maged
:
but
shal
haue
the
meane
and
leysure
,
to
be
in
such
a
readines
,
and
apt
order
to
offend
the
Enemy
,
during
the
siege
,
that
no
man
shall
be
able
to
shew
himselfe
vppon
the
brinke
of
the
ditch
,
but
shall
be
in
●…anger
of
his
person
.
And
secondly
,
if
it
should
fall
out
,
that
the
Enemie
shold
assay
,
to
breake
downe
and
●…uinate
any
part
of
the
Countergard
by
the
blowe
of
the
Cannon
,
this
little
wall
would
〈◊〉
,
to
stay
that
portion
of
earth
,
which
might
rowle
&
〈◊〉
●…own
beneath
.
It
wold
likewise
prohibite
the
beating
waues
of
the
water
in
the
Ditch
,
from
washing
or
wearing
away
the
〈◊〉
of
〈◊〉
Masse
of
earth
.
The
little
ditch
〈◊〉
the
Countergard
,
〈◊〉
forme
of
thys
letter
V.
will
likewise
carrie
this
good
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
,
that
〈◊〉
the
great
ditch
were
drawne
dry
,
this
should
alwaies
remain
〈◊〉
,
and
would
stop
the
passage
of
those
that
would
passe
to
endo●…age
the
little
wall
,
which
doth
cloth
and
co●…passe
the
Countergard
.
And
if
meanes
were
made
to
〈◊〉
all
the
water
,
the
〈◊〉
might
defend
themselues
with
arteficiall
fires
,
made
for
that
efect
:
the
which
by
reason
of
the
forme
of
this
little
Ditch
,
made
poynted
at
the
bothome
like
a
Romane
V.
will
doo
great
execution
.
For
the
enemy
entring
into
the
same
,
and
not
finding
anie
place
where
to
make
stay
,
but
in
the
extremitie
of
the
depth
,
not
being
able
to
proceede
,
as
in
an
vniforme
and
flat
both●…m
,
shall
be
burnt
,
wounded
,
and
murthered
most
cruelly
.
The
great
ditch
,
within
the
which
the
small
one
is
comprehended
,
shall
containe
the
foresaid
largenes
,
from
the
foote
of
the
little
wall
,
which
doth
sustaine
the
earth
of
the
Countergarde
,
vnto
the
opposite
foote
of
the
Counterscarpe
,
at
the
which
there
shall
be
an
Allie
of
6.
foote
large
,
to
receiue
the
Souldiours
which
shall
passe
the
great
Ditch
,
to
mount
vpon
the
Corridor
of
the
Counterscarpe
,
the
which
Allie
shal
be
nothing
séene
of
the
enemy
in
any
siege
,
but
contrariwise
,
it
shall
be
discouered
and
defended
by
the
defences
of
the
Fortresse
,
that
it
shall
not
be
possible
for
the
Enemie
to
possesse
if
any
long
time
,
although
he
had
employed
himselfe
to
gaine
the
same
.
To
say
something
touching
the
commodious
largenes
of
the
ditch
,
I
iudge
the
meane
to
be
obserued
,
which
in
respect
of
the
other
two
extreames
,
of
great
and
narrow
,
doth
carrie
these
commodities
,
which
in
the
other
be
hurtfull
&
contrary
.
First
it
hydes
and
couers
the
sight
of
the
foote
of
the
wall
:
the
Counterscarpe
therof
,
doth
prohibite
the
flankes
or
Cannonieres
,
which
defende
the
bothome
of
the
ditch
,
that
they
cannot
be
battered
.
The
sayde
ditch
is
frée
and
secrete
,
and
doth
greatly
fauour
the
souldiours
in
a
Fortresse
,
beeing
enuironed
with
a
Campe
,
for
they
may
enter
and
issue
,
without
receiuing
any
domage
by
the
Enemy
,
during
the
siege
.
True
it
is
that
it
may
be
the
sooner
fild
vp
,
but
that
imperfection
may
be
succoured
,
neyther
shal
the
same
haue
such
force
in
the
straite
ditch
,
as
in
that
which
is
so
large
and
very
broade
,
in
the
which
the
Souldiours
béeing
easily
discouered
,
and
not
hauing
any
great
libertie
to
make
residence
therein
▪
without
danger
,
they
must
alwaies
stand
vpon
the
garde
of
theyr
persons
.
The
which
will
not
fall
out
,
if
they
be
within
a
more
straite
ditch
,
exempt
from
all
feare
:
for
béeing
couered
by
the
bancks
of
the
ditch
,
they
onelie
haue
nothing
to
doo
,
but
to
apply
themselues
to
make
frustrate
the
Enemies
attempts
.
The
which
kind
of
defence
,
is
one
of
the
best
that
can
be
inuented
for
the
besieged
,
and
most
endomageable
to
the
assaylants
.
For
the
enemy
entering
resolutely
into
the
Ditch
,
and
marching
forward
to
assault
,
hee
must
haue
regarde
to
three
sides
,
the
one
,
to
the
Front
,
which
is
the
body
of
the
Fortresse
,
and
the
two
other
,
to
the
souldiours
which
are
within
the
ditch
,
and
may
offend
the
Enemy
by
the
sides
,
and
specially
vpon
the
banck
,
if
he
presume
to
march
farre
forward
,
and
to
passe
further
on
then
the
Counterscarpe
.
Now
to
giue
thys
Ditch
his
competent
largenes
,
to
the
intent
it
may
accomplish
these
foresaid
good
qualities
,
it
ought
but
to
be
100.
foote
broade
at
the
most
,
and
in
depth
if
it
be
plaine
,
but
18.
or
20.
foote
,
giuing
to
the
wall
of
the
Counterscarpe
such
a
conuenient
enclyning
,
(
as
for
5.
or
6.
foote
1.
foote
,
)
to
the
intent
it
may
be
strong
,
&
repulse
the
matter
wherwith
the
Counterscarpe
is
to
be
filled
.
And
for
the
the
Counterscarpe
is
one
of
the
most
principal
parts
of
the
ditch
,
I
will
finally
dilate
somewhat
therof
,
therby
to
make
manifest
the
faults
of
Counterscarps
now
in
vse
.
Untill
thys
present
day
,
this
part
and
member
of
the
Fortresse
hath
béene
made
small
account
of
,
although
it
be
one
of
the
principal
,
and
the
which
is
as
necessary
to
be
valiantly
defended
,
as
any
other
part
of
the
Fort
,
being
the
first
which
is
assaulted
,
and
possest
by
the
Enemy
.
The
negligence
and
sioth
vsed
héerein
,
falles
out
as
I
take
it
,
eyther
in
respect
of
dispising
the
same
,
or
through
the
couetousnesse
of
the
owners
,
which
eyther
thinking
the
same
not
commodious
for
defence
,
or
for
feare
of
disbursing
ouermuch
money
in
making
it
substantially
,
neglect
the
same
.
But
before
I
passe
any
further
,
I
think
it
necessary
to
set
downe
,
which
are
the
most
defencible
and
principall
parts
of
thys
warlike
Architecture
.
The
whole
body
of
thys
worke
,
is
compounded
of
diuers
members
being
vnited
together
,
for
the
particuler
seruice
and
defence
one
of
another
,
euen
as
the
members
of
a
well
proportioned
man
.
Those
parts
which
by
the
Architectes
are
named
principall
,
be
first
the
Flancks
,
within
the
which
are
made
certain
Cannonlers
,
which
doo
view
and
beholde
the
circute
round
about
the
Fortresse
.
Secondly
the
sholders
which
doo
hide
&
couer
the
flanks
,
and
defend
them
,
from
being
ruinated
and
displanted
by
the
Enemie
.
Thirdly
the
Ditch
which
enuironeth
all
the
Fortresse
,
bringing
safety
against
suddaine
Surprises
,
Camisades
,
Escalades
.
&c.
The
fourth
and
last
is
the
Counterscarpe
,
which
serues
for
a
Bulwarke
and
bancke
to
couer
the
Ditch
.
These
things
considered
,
the
Enemy
to
expugne
such
a
Fortresse
,
doth
procéede
by
degrées
,
(
not
daring
to
bring
theyr
Souldiours
to
the
butchery
,
by
a
desperate
assault
at
the
first
,
)
and
therefore
they
seeke
to
inuade
and
occupie
the
Counterscarpe
,
whereupon
the
Enemy
,
not
hauing
made
his
approches
before
hand
,
and
entr●…nched
vppon
the
same
,
can
performe
nothing
to
the
purpose
,
for
by
lodging
farre
from
the
Ditch
,
they
are
not
able
to
discouer
and
endomage
any
of
these
foresaid
defences
,
by
rea●…on
of
the
impediment
which
the
height
of
the
Counterscarpe
yéeldes
,
the
which
before
they
are
able
to
possesse
,
being
duly
made
,
oftentimes
whilst
the
approches
are
in
making
,
there
doth
ensue
the
death
of
manie
valiant
and
worthy
persons
,
the
which
are
continually
stayne
by
the
succours
which
the
other
defences
,
that
be
in
the
body
of
the
Fortresse
doo
giue
vnto
the
Counterscarpe
.
The
manner
which
at
this
day
is
vsed
of
the
Assaylants
,
when
they
possesse
the
Counterscarpe
,
to
make
it
serue
their
turne
,
is
thus
.
First
they
do
pearse
and
breake
the
Counterscarpe
,
euen
vnto
the
bottom
,
and
to
the
brincke
of
the
water
,
to
the
intent
that
by
this
way
,
they
may
haue
means
to
batter
the
Forte
of
the
wal
about
the
Fortresse
,
with
certayne
Péeces
which
are
conueyed
through
the
Trenches
,
vnto
that
place
,
the
which
shall
not
be
able
to
suffer
any
domage
by
the
defences
of
the
Fortresse
,
in
so
much
,
as
the
sides
of
these
opening
,
serue
for
sholders
and
couers
to
those
within
the
Trenche
.
This
Trench
doth
likewise
bring
an
other
comoditie
,
which
is
,
that
the
entrie
into
the
Ditch
therby
,
shall
be
more
easie
and
lesse
painefull
for
the
souldiours
,
then
from
the
height
of
the
Counterscarpe
.
And
although
this
pollicie
doth
not
serue
to
any
great
purpose
,
by
reason
it
is
impossible
in
any
small
time
,
to
make
such
way
in
the
Counterscarpe
,
that
comodiously
it
maybe
capable
therin
to
plant
sufficient
number
of
Péeces
,
to
make
a
conuenient
breach
,
therby
in
the
end
to
giue
assault
:
neuerthelesse
;
it
is
good
to
inuent
some
meanes
to
hinder
and
delay
the
enemy
from
lodging
there
,
so
speedily
as
they
are
accustomed
.
To
accomplish
the
which
,
it
is
not
the
way
to
make
the
Counscarpe
with
the
earth
of
the
Ditch
,
mixing
among
the
same
one
bed
of
Faggots
,
&
an
other
of
earth
and
so
from
rancke
to
rancke
to
rayse
it
vp
,
neither
with
logs
of
wood
and
great
piles
of
Timber●…
these
thinges
being
matter
that
in
time
corrupts
,
and
wastes
away
,
not
being
indurable
:
touching
which
point
,
I
would
wish
the
wise
Ingeniour
to
consider●…
,
that
the
meane
to
ruinate
the
Bulwarke
of
a
Fortresse
,
and
to
pearse
a
Counterscarpe
,
is
not
all
one
:
for
the
one
is
cut
down
and
mined
by
the
many
hundreth
hands
&
force
of
men
,
and
the
other
ruinated
by
the
blowes
of
the
Cannon
,
earth
being
proper
to
resist
the
furie
of
Artillarie
,
where
it
is
not
able
to
ayde
agaynst
the
handie
worke
of
man
,
as
by
experience
is
daylie
prooued
,
that
a
man
will
make
a
greater
hole
and
opening
in
any
masse
of
earth
,
in
two
howres
,
then
a
Cannon
in
foure
.
The
cause
is
,
that
a
man
by
his
industrie
doth
mine
the
earth
,
and
doth
displace
the
foundation
therof
,
and
so
makes
it
to
disseuer
and
dismember
:
but
the
blow
of
the
Artillarie
,
dooth
but
only
pearse
it
,
and
makes
a
hole
according
to
the
bignes
of
the
Bullet
,
leauing
the
masse
of
the
earth
entyre
and
whole
.
These
reasons
receiued
,
we
may
conclude
,
that
all
soft
matter
,
which
doth
suffer
it selfe
easily
to
be
managed
by
the
Pyoners
,
and
which
doth
carry
a
bodie
able
to
sustaine
it selfe
,
gyuing
by
thys
meanes
leysure
and
time
to
the
enemy
,
to
bee
able
to
execute
his
enterprise
,
(
as
by
the
nature
of
the
earth
doth
appeare
)
such
matters
I
say
,
bee
not
able
to
serue
for
the
conseruation
of
the
Counterscarpe
.
Being
desirous
therefore
,
to
exempt
and
make
it
frée
,
from
the
daungers
which
the
enemie
dooth
ordinarily
vse
,
by
reason
he
findes
it
comodious
.
And
beeing
willing
to
haue
it
firme
and
stable
,
and
that
the
more
older
it
growes
,
the
more
stronge
it
shall
wexe
,
and
that
when
the
enemy
woulde
pearse
the
same
hauing
wonne
it
,
that
he
shall
suffer
infinite
paynes
and
trauails
to
entrench
.
That
the
matter
raysed
vp
for
his
Trench
,
in
place
of
defending
and
sauing
his
Souldiours
,
shall
become
theyr
hurte
and
distruction
,
being
battered
and
dispearsed
with
those
bulletes
which
come
from
the
Fortresse
.
It
is
necessary
to
compound
and
fill
the
same
,
with
hard
and
solide
matter
,
the
which
in
tract
of
time
,
may
incorpora●…
and
be
redused
into
a
hard
and
difficile
body
,
scarce
able
to
be
dismembred
.
That
the
enemy
assaying
to
breake
it
,
it
may
crumble
and
fall
in
to
small
péeces
and
powder
:
the
which
shall
come
to
passe
,
if
all
these
matters
following
be
mixed
together
:
as
all
broken
péeces
of
stones
,
that
matter
which
is
found
in
the
ruine
of
the
walles
,
all
rubbish
,
sheards
of
pottes
,
Tiles
,
Brick
battes
,
olde
Morter
,
&c.
and
all
the
fragments
of
stones
,
as
well
harde
as
softe
,
and
so
accommodating
and
filling
the
voyde
holes
with
Morter
and
other
stuffe
that
is
hard
,
as
Flint
,
Pible
stones
,
drosse
of
Smithes
&c.
ioining
one
within
another
,
by
the
choise
and
difference
of
the
matter
,
and
powdered
with
grauell
,
rubbish
,
dust
,
&c.
and
left
to
the
iniurie
of
the
watrie
heauens
a
certayne
time
,
the
matter
cannot
continue
so
entyre
,
but
that
the
worke
beeing
eaten
into
,
by
the
falling
showers
of
rayne
,
and
dissolued
with
frost
and
heat
will
intermixe
and
so
incorporate
together
,
that
it
will
be
impossible
to
be
seperated
without
great
labour
.
By
these
obseruations
and
the
direction
of
Geometricall
proportions
,
this
new
kind
of
fortefication
may
be
brought
to
great
perfection
.
The
proportion
of
the
Fortresse
,
which
may
be
deuided
into
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
or
more
Bulwarks
at
the
Ingeniours
discretion
.
Forme
of
the
Canonieres
.
The
Diametre
of
5.
Bulwarkes
,
is
360.
fadome
,
of
6.
439.
of
7.
518.
of
8.
597.
of
9.
676.
of
10.
755.
which
beeing
enuyroned
with
thrée
circles
one
within
another
,
distant
36.
fadome
eache
from
other
,
and
that
of
5.
Bulwarkes
deuided
into
10.
equall
partes
,
that
of
6.
into
12.
7.
into
14.
8.
into
16.
9.
into
18.
10.
into
20.
the
1.
3.
5.
7.
9.
&c.
is
the
angle
of
the
Bulwarke
,
the
2.
4.
6.
8.
10.
the
corner
of
the
innerward
bending
of
the
Curtine
,
the
first
circle
allots
out
the
Canonieres
and
poynts
of
the
Sholders
,
the
2.
the
angles
of
the
Bulwarkes
,
the
3.
the
angles
or
poyntes
of
the
Countergarde
,
and
so
procéeding
Geometrically
,
bring
the
Bulwarkes
,
sholders
,
Curtines
,
dry
ditch
,
Countergarde
,
wet
Ditch
,
and
Counterscarpe
,
in
lyke
forme
to
this
forefa●…d
Figure
.
THE
SIXT
BOOKE
OF
MILITARIE
DIRECTIONS
,
INTREATING
OF
the
office
of
the
high
Treasurer
,
the
Master
of
the
victualles
and
Purueyour
,
of
the
muster
Master
,
of
the
warlike
Counsellours
,
and
of
the
generall
Captayne
or
Lieuetenant
of
an
Armie
,
&c.
And
first
,
Of
the
office
of
the
high
Treasurer
.
THE
office
of
the
high
Treasurer
is
of
great
reputation
,
and
hath
committed
to
his
charge
,
the
payment
of
the
Collonelles
,
Captaynes
,
and
all
other
Officers
.
He
ought
in
the
beginning
,
to
receiue
from
the
Generall
,
the
true
number
both
of
horsemen
and
footemen
within
the
Campe
or
Army
,
&
by
perfect
compunction
to
make
a
booke
,
how
much
is
due
euery
month
,
to
euery
Collonell
,
Captayne
,
and
other
officers
,
aswell
for
themselues
as
their
bandes
.
The
Treasurer
ought
to
make
his
proportion
of
paye
well
known
to
the
General
,
wherby
the
Generall
may
accordingly
make
prouision
,
that
money
be
not
wanting
to
pay
the
Souldiours
.
He
ought
in
like
sorte
to
make
allowance
(
whe●…
néede
shall
be
)
to
the
Master
of
the
Ordenance
,
for
supplying
his
store
of
Municion
as
he
shal
sée
cause
,
by
reason
of
consuming
the
old
,
or
any
important
seruice
to
be
done
.
Hee
must
conferre
with
the
muster
Master
,
to
sée
howe
the
hande●…
be
furnished
,
what
Souldiours
be
slayne
,
when
and
howe
many
,
and
how
and
when
supplyed
:
deliuering
pay
to
euery
Collonell
or
Captayne
accordingly
,
kéeping
theyr
warrants
or
notes
of
their
handes
for
his
discharge
.
At
the
pay
day
he
must
conferre
with
the
master
of
the
Ordenance
,
to
se
whether
he
ha●…e
any
bils
from
the
Captaines
or
Col
lonels
,
for
any
powder
or
other
Municion
receiued
,
and
to
deduct
so
much
in
theyr
wages
.
Greatly
may
this
Officer
be
ayded
by
Arithmaticke
,
without
the
which
it
shall
be
an
extreame
toyle
,
to
make
true
compunction
of
such
varietie
of
payments
,
or
before
hande
,
to
preconiecture
of
all
sortes
of
prouision
and
Municion
,
what
shall
bee
necessary
:
but
by
ayde
of
that
art
the
most
difficult
doubts
that
can
therein
aryse
,
shall
with
facilitie
be
resolued
and
dispatched
.
This
Officer
ought
also
to
be
a
man
of
great
wisedome
,
and
well
experienced
in
Militarie
affayres
:
because
he
is
vsed
in
Counsell
,
where
he
is
to
speake
his
opinion
in
all
exployts
of
importaunce
,
although
they
concerne
not
directly
his
office
.
The
office
of
the
Master
of
the
victualles
and
Purueyour
.
THe
master
of
the
victuals
,
séemeth
to
be
an
Officer
altogether
dependant
on
the
Treasurer
,
hauing
nothing
else
to
doe
but
to
prouide
&
take
charge
of
the
prouision
in
the
Campe
,
and
as
corne
or
other
victualles
shall
growe
scant
,
to
make
the
Treasurer
priuie
,
that
order
may
bee
taken
for
further
supply
,
either
by
money
or
sending
fóorth
the
forrage
Master
●…o
take
it
by
force
.
And
against
the
pay
day
,
he
must
bring
in
hys
booke
of
accounts
to
the
Treasurer
,
and
there
receiue
allowance
acordingly
.
The
Purueyours
●…ath
is
to
be
true
and
iust
in
his
office
,
and
not
to
be
flacke
any
time
,
in
procuring
in
his
office
,
good
,
fitte
,
and
wholesome
victualles
,
as
well
for
those
Souldiours
in
extraordinarie
,
as
for
those
which
are
in
ordinarie
seruice
prest
.
Not
to
wearie
or
driue
away
from
the
victualling
of
the
Campe
,
any
victualler
,
by
giuing
him
a
more
or
lesse
summe
then
he
is
worthy
,
to
procure
as
many
to
serue
the
Campe
with
good
victualles
as
hée
can
:
both
in
gyuing
them
good
&
fayre
language
,
as
also
now
and
then
to
giue
them
some
péece
of
money
,
to
encourage
the
sayd
victuallers
to
take
paynes
with
the
like
.
And
that
he
shall
with
dilligence
faithfully
shun
all
thinges
,
that
shall
any
wayes
bee
vnprofitable
vnto
the
Prince
and
his
Souldiours
.
And
to
deuise
as
farre
as
his
witte
and
iudgement
wil
serue
him
,
to
profite
his
Lord
and
Master
,
and
his
Souldiors
,
aswell
for
wholesome
victualles
,
béere
&
wine
for
their
bodies
,
as
for
good
sweet
&
wholsome
meat
for
theyr
horses
,
aswell
for
such
as
serue
in
the
fielde
,
as
such
that
trauell
and
worke
in
the
wagon
,
Cart
,
or
otherwise
,
which
followe
for
the
reliefe
of
the
Campe
:
and
that
of
al
these
dooings
,
he
kéepe
a
true
and
perfect
booke
of
accounts
and
recconings
for
the
Treasurer
,
when
and
as
often
as
it
shall
please
him
to
call
for
it
,
that
the
high
Marshall
,
the
rest
of
the
Councell
,
and
the
Generall
,
may
be
priuie
to
it
,
to
make
tryall
of
his
dealings
.
The
office
of
the
Muster
Master
.
THe
Muster
master
also
may
be
accounted
an
Officer
as
it
were
dependant
on
the
Treasurer
,
for
that
his
duty
is
nothing
else
,
but
by
often
reuiewing
of
the
bands
,
to
sée
how
euery
Captaines
bande
is
furnished
,
noting
the
defaults
from
time
to
time
,
and
the
supplies
:
and
therof
to
make
a
perfect
booke
,
exhibiting
the
same
at
the
paye
day
to
the
Treasurer
,
that
allowance
may
bee
made
to
the
Collonels
and
Captaines
accordingly
.
When
he
first
takes
the
viewe
and
Muster
of
any
band
,
he
must
not
only
write
down
the
name
of
the
Souldiour
and
his
weapon
,
but
also
of
what
Countrie
he
is
,
the
townes
name
where
hee
was
borne
and
hys
Fathers
name
,
and
what
yéeres
hee
is
of
:
and
finally
,
shall
take
speciall
care
to
set
downe
,
some
speciall
marke
or
cicatric●…
vppon
his
face
,
together
with
the
collour
of
his
haire
and
beard
.
To
the
intent
,
his
Prince
bee
not
charged
with
paying
of
dead
payes
,
to
such
as
be
hyred
but
for
that
day
,
as
many
Captaines
vse
to
fill
theyr
Purses
with
vnlawfull
gaynes
.
The
office
of
the
Master
of
the
intelligences
.
THe
Master
of
the
intelligences
,
must
receiue
his
office
&
oath
secretly
at
the
hands
of
the
Generall
and
his
Councell
,
so
that
his
office
be
not
knowne
to
any
but
to
the
Generall
,
and
to
those
of
the
Counsell
.
To
the
intent
,
he
may
haue
accesse
vnto
them
at
all
times
,
vnder
the
colour
of
some
other
office
,
therby
to
remaine
vnknown
to
the
common
sorte
,
and
to
auoyde
the
discouerie
and
dischyphering
,
of
such
as
hunte
and
search
after
secrecies
,
and
the
rather
,
to
the
intent
the
enemie
knowing
the
spyes
,
by
reason
of
theyr
recourse
vnto
him
,
doe
not
intercept
them
.
It
is
requisite
that
hee
both
be
a
man
,
wise
,
serete
,
of
quicke
and
déepe
insight
,
and
well
languaged
,
faythfull
,
and
aduenturous
.
A
cunning
Colourer
of
his
Princes
affayres
of
importance
,
&
of
a
singular
and
good
inuention
.
That
hee
delight
in
receiuing
seeret
occurrents
from
all
places
.
That
he
diligently
direct
the
priuie
Spyes
of
the
Campe
,
not
acquainting
them
together
.
That
he
haue
a
stipend
for
himselfe
,
and
allowance
to
yeeld
reward
to
all
sortes
of
Spyes
That
he
bring
them
vppon
vrgent
occasion
,
to
the
presence
of
the
Generall
.
That
they
generally
receiue
of
him
,
a
countersigne
or
watch-word
,
thereby
to
be
knowne
assured
.
That
he
dispearse
abroad
Espyes
,
aswell
for
his
owne
parte
,
both
for
the
Campe
and
Garrisons
,
as
for
the
enemies
Countrie
&
Campe
,
both
to
know
priuie
practises
and
forraine
determinations
.
That
he
haue
some
secrete
frendes
,
or
stipendarie
intelligences
,
in
all
Courtes
,
Countries
,
Citties
,
and
places
of
the
enemy
and
his
Collegates
,
whether
they
be
apparant
or
priuie
fauourers
:
from
whom
hee
may
daylie
receiue
letters
,
Cyphers
,
or
countersignes
,
and
secrete
aduertisements
of
all
occurrents
,
out
of
the
enemies
bosome
.
That
he
haue
knowledge
in
all
secret
sort
of
wrytings
,
specially
in
that
part
of
Polographia
which
serues
best
for
his
turne
,
and
if
it
be
possible
,
in
Steganographia
,
&
that
part
thereof
which
is
lawfull
for
a
Christian
to
vse
.
Neither
let
him
neglect
the
secret
sorts
of
wryting
by
the
ioyse
of
Lemmons
,
Orenges
,
Creame
,
dissolued
Allome
.
&c.
betwixt
the
lynes
of
a
Letter
of
common
occurrence
,
and
such
other
receits
for
wryting
,
as
be
sette
out
in
Naturalis
Magia
,
Cardane
Allexis
,
and
others
.
That
he
be
cunning
in
sending
secret
aduertisements
,
where
néede
dooth
require
,
by
some
of
these
foresayd
kind
of
Letters
,
enclosed
in
the
scaberd
of
a
sword
,
shoe-sole
,
fold
of
a
gyrdle
,
or
dogs
coller
,
and
so
worne
,
or
wayting
vpon
him
,
passe
with
greater
securitie
.
Some
haue
vsed
to
hide
Letters
in
a
loafe
,
béeing
baken
therein
,
and
carried
the
same
for
victuals
.
Some
haue
enclosed
the
same
in
a
compounde
and
arteficiall
stone
.
Some
in
sweet
bals
.
Some
in
the
secret
parts
of
their
body
,
and
such
innumerable
like
deuises
,
which
are
to
be
chosen
out
according
as
they
shall
seeme
conuenient
to
the
Intelligencers
turne
.
That
he
know
the
arte
how
to
talke
a
farre
off
with
lights
,
twincklings
of
Match
for
the
night
;
and
by
smokes
,
fyre
,
flags
,
of
blacke
,
white
,
red
,
&c.
for
the
day
:
with
perfect
knowne
countersignes
,
wherby
they
may
know
one
anothers
meaning
.
And
when
any
is
secretly
to
be
sent
into
a
besieged
Cittie
with
directions
,
that
he
make
prouision
for
the
secret
choyse
and
conueiance
of
such
a
one
.
Finally
,
that
chiefely
he
be
very
expert
,
and
ready
in
the
arte
of
disciphering
,
that
at
all
times
,
when
any
Letters
be
sent
him
by
his
Generall
,
he
may
discipher
them
,
and
satis-fie
his
Superiour
therein
.
The
Office
of
the
warlike
Counsellers
.
THere
must
twelue
warlike
Counsellers
be
appointed
out
by
the
Generall
of
the
Armie
,
béeing
chosen
,
honest
,
wise
,
and
graue
men
,
the
which
sayd
12.
he
shall
appoint
to
be
his
Iudges
,
and
together
with
the
high
Marshall
,
be
partners
in
determining
all
Martiall
discipline
and
correction
.
Hée
may
make
his
choyse
amongst
Captaines
,
or
otherwise
at
his
pleasure
,
so
that
hee
be
of
stayed
iudgement
and
honest
sobrietie
.
The
which
said
Counsellers
or
Iudges
,
béeing
so
elected
and
chosen
,
shall
haue
theyr
wages
accordingly
appointed
them
:
who
except
in
great
extremitie
shall
be
watch
frée
.
These
shall
sweare
and
protest
,
solemnly
vnto
the
said
Generall
,
that
they
will
serue
theyr
Prince
by
the
Month
,
in
that
place
which
they
are
chosen
&
called
to
:
that
they
will
be
trusty
,
faithfull
,
and
obedient
,
and
dutifull
vnto
the
Generall
,
in
all
needful
and
lawfull
affayres
,
and
at
all
times
vprightly
and
indifferently
to
iudge
all
causes
comming
before
them
,
and
to
be
obedient
to
the
commaundement
of
the
Generall
,
standing
with
equitie
and
the
Lawes
of
the
field
.
That
they
will
to
theyr
vttermost
power
endenour
themselues
,
to
gyue
counsaile
and
aduise
to
the
Generall
,
to
the
welfare
and
commoditie
of
the
Prince
&
hys
subiects
,
and
iustly
to
iudge
the
rich
as
well
as
the
poore
,
not
regarding
fréendshyp
,
kindred
,
or
any
other
corrupting
cause
,
which
may
leade
affection
to
the
hinderaunce
of
iustice
:
but
to
theyr
knowledge
to
minister
equitie
according
to
the
tenor
of
the
Lawes
,
as
they
wyll
that
GOD
helpe
them
,
at
the
last
and
dreadful
day
of
iudgement
.
Also
that
in
mustering
they
doo
dilligently
foresée
to
their
vttermost
power
,
that
the
Prince
theyr
Maister
be
not
deceiued
,
in
gyuing
double
pay
to
such
as
are
not
worthy
:
and
that
they
shall
also
deliuer
the
names
of
the
Souldiours
vnto
the
Generall
as
they
mustered
them
,
wyth
a
note
of
theyr
allowance
and
wages
vnder
theyr
hands
and
seales
,
faythfully
without
any
deceit
.
The
Office
of
the
Generall
and
Lieuetenant
of
the
Armie
.
THat
man
which
is
careful
to
carry
the
name
of
wise
and
prudent
,
when
he
enters
into
the
execution
of
any
serious
affaire
,
wyll
not
so
wed
himselfe
to
his
owne
will
and
fansie
,
as
that
he
wyl
put
assured
confidence
in
his
owne
proper
counsel
,
(
which
for
the
most
part
is
fallible
,
by
reason
of
the
infectious
humour
of
selfe
willie
passion
,
which
oftentimes
is
cause
of
great
errors
,
ruines
,
calamities
,
and
confusions
,
)
but
rather
will
leane
to
the
assured
aduise
of
sound
and
mature
counsell
.
Therfore
a
worthy
and
excellent
Captaine
Generall
,
since
the
greatnesse
of
his
valour
dooth
not
make
him
capable
of
so
important
a
charge
,
in
respect
that
neither
high
titles
,
neither
fauors
of
the
Prince
,
can
make
a
man
wise
that
is
not
:
it
is
very
requisite
,
that
he
like
a
prudent
person
,
make
election
of
certaine
Counsellers
,
of
great
vnderstanding
,
and
long
experience
in
the
warres
,
to
follow
the
Campe
,
and
accompany
his
owne
person
,
to
whom
it
is
néedfull
he
propound
matters
of
importance
,
and
confer
with
them
such
accidents
,
as
are
with
remedies
to
be
preuented
,
or
otherwise
to
be
executed
,
and
gathering
and
selecting
the
best
portion
of
many
good
parts
,
wyth
his
ripe
and
aduised
iudgement
,
he
must
frame
and
forme
,
a
sound
and
grounded
resolution
:
with
the
which
he
must
execute
all
hys
enterprises
,
expediently
and
couragiously
.
For
there
was
neuer
man
of
so
great
prudence
,
and
of
such
singuler
experience
,
that
hee
was
able
to
discide
and
discypher
all
things
of
himselfe
:
but
it
hath
béene
often
séene
,
that
by
the
help
of
others
,
many
things
haue
béene
performed
,
wherin
of
himselfe
alone
,
he
hath
not
had
ful
experience
.
It
is
most
necessary
for
him
,
to
be
able
to
determine
and
take
resolution
of
any
thing
in
himselfe
,
that
therby
he
néed
not
to
hinder
nor
disturbe
the
execution
of
any
enterprise
,
neyther
to
make
so
many
heads
and
commaunders
in
an
Armie
,
which
would
growe
to
be
manifest
domage
.
Neyther
can
warres
of
importance
without
good
counsell
be
perfectly
gouerned
:
wherein
the
victorious
Emperour
Charles
the
fift
did
prudently
procéed
in
time
of
warre
,
specially
in
Germany
,
where
ordinarily
hee
did
serue
his
turne
,
with
sixe
honorable
and
principall
men
of
experience
béeing
Italians
,
with
sixe
of
the
Spanish
Nation
in
like
sort
,
with
sixe
of
the
Germaines
,
and
sixe
of
Flaunders
and
the
Low
Countries
,
by
whose
aduise
,
and
his
owne
sound
resoultion
,
there
afterward
ensued
so
notable
and
famous
a
victory
.
He
must
take
good
order
that
the
Ministers
and
Priestes
of
hys
Armie
doo
apply
themselues
exemplarely
to
the
seruice
of
God
,
not
only
at
all
times
by
the
action
of
theyr
Office
,
conformable
to
the
vse
of
the
sacred
Catholicke
Church
,
and
to
preach
to
the
consolation
of
those
that
be
in
health
,
but
also
to
communicate
&
giue
good
counsell
to
those
that
be
sick
,
and
bury
those
that
be
dead
.
It
seemes
likewise
very
conuenient
for
the
Generall
,
that
as
he
is
supreame
heade
ouer
the
rest
,
that
euen
so
accordingly
he
take
care
,
that
the
souldiours
honours
and
Millitary
orders
be
not
diffrauded
.
He
therfore
must
carefully
take
the
custody
of
the
Souldiours
honour
,
praysing
and
rewarding
by
extraordinary
means
,
those
that
be
good
,
vertuous
ful
of
valour
,
and
valiant
,
and
dyscommend
and
depresse
those
that
be
vicious
,
wicked
,
and
naughty
persons
,
thereby
to
enflame
euery
one
to
aspire
to
vertuous
actions
:
since
that
the
hope
of
recompence
and
reward
,
and
the
feare
of
reprehension
and
punishment
,
both
drawes
and
driues
those
that
be
Souldiours
,
to
worke
wonderfull
things
.
To
the
intent
the
Millitary
orders
become
not
diffrauded
,
let
him
shew
himselfe
curious
and
careful
,
to
take
resolute
order
,
that
the
Treasurers
and
Pagaclores
Colatorally
,
and
the
Secretaries
,
publikely
at
the
Bancke
,
make
their
pay
iust
and
entirely
,
to
the
Officers
and
those
that
be
of
estimation
:
as
to
the
Collonell
,
and
the
Caualieres
of
hys
Squadre
,
to
the
Captaines
&
they
Caualieres
,
to
the
Lieuetenants
,
Alfieres
,
Sergiants
,
and
Corporalles
of
Squadres
,
&c.
Fully
so
much
as
is
concluded
and
capitulated
to
be
conuenient
,
and
thought
requisite
of
the
Common
wealth
,
the
Prince
,
or
other
Potentate
or
Generall
.
The
which
capitulations
,
and
conclusions
,
ought
to
be
set
downe
in
autentike
writing
and
reall
forme
,
to
the
intent
they
may
be
obserued
,
being
thinges
as
necessary
to
be
performed
as
though
they
were
sacred
.
Since
that
many
times
,
through
like
wants
and
defects
in
the
euill
obseruing
therof
,
many
mighty
Nations
haue
béene
confounded
,
by
loosing
their
souldiours
of
greatest
valour
,
the
most
manifest
and
most
mightiest
occasion
of
the
ruine
of
Armes
.
Considering
that
men
are
scarce
able
to
growe
perfect
and
practised
within
the
compasse
of
a
whole
age
,
or
in
that
time
gaine
a
perfect
habite
in
the
profession
of
Armes
,
which
is
a
thing
of
most
necessary
&
great
importance
,
for
the
safe
sustaining
of
our
Christian
Religion
,
against
the
Turks
tiranny
,
and
barbarous
Moores
,
which
from
age
to
age
,
spring
vp
like
the
Hydraes
against
the
Militant
Catholick
Church
.
But
to
come
againe
to
our
former
spéech
,
these
payes
ought
not
to
be
reckoned
&
placed
amongst
the
aduantages
,
or
Capi
soldi
,
and
to
giue
them
afterwards
priuatly
and
in
Groppo
,
into
the
hands
of
the
Captaine
,
wherby
dooth
oftentimes
proceede
inconuenience
of
great
importance
,
which
comes
to
passe
by
the
couetousnes
of
some
insatiable
persons
,
where
otherwise
they
ought
to
kéepe
the
same
carefully
,
and
to
disburst
liberally
:
since
he
receiued
it
to
keepe
the
same
safely
,
and
to
distribute
it
discreetly
,
not
as
his
owne
,
but
as
his
Princes
,
not
gyuen
to
hym
,
but
to
hys
Souldiours
.
Ouer
whom
,
a
Captaine
ought
to
take
no
lesse
care
,
then
a
father
doth
ouer
his
children
,
or
a
brother
towards
his
brother
:
or
to
speake
more
properly
,
a
faithfull
companion
towards
hys
friend
,
in
respect
that
hee
ought
to
terme
those
that
be
his
followers
,
and
are
guided
by
him
,
hys
companions
in
Armes
.
It
is
good
the
Generall
make
election
of
a
fat
&
fréendly
Country
,
which
so
néere
as
is
possible
is
aboundant
in
all
things
,
large
,
commodious
,
and
of
sound
and
open
ayre
,
for
the
respect
of
gathering
together
and
making
the
Amasse
of
the
people
,
and
for
the
conueiance
of
prouision
for
the
Armie
.
In
which
place
he
must
make
stay
,
for
the
vniting
of
victuall
,
Munition
,
and
Artillary
,
which
is
before
hand
ordained
and
prouided
,
with
all
other
preparations
necessary
and
expedient
for
the
warres
.
Hauing
by
his
high
Marshall
,
as
well
as
is
possible
,
deuided
the
Quarters
and
lodgings
,
he
must
attend
to
receiue
with
ioyful
chéere
the
Bands
and
Companies
,
which
shal
arriue
from
day
to
day
,
as
well
Horsemen
as
Footmen
.
He
must
neuer
permit
the
Captaines
to
depart
from
the
place
,
where
he
made
the
Amasse
and
collection
of
the
Companies
,
with
their
bands
out
of
order
or
disseuered
,
although
they
should
depart
to
some
place
neere
adioyning
,
vnlesse
he
were
forced
by
some
occasion
of
great
necessity
and
importance
:
but
ought
rather
,
hauing
placed
the
Ensignes
together
,
to
march
in
Squadrons
,
and
in
good
order
and
in
perfect
forme
,
both
for
the
respect
of
his
reputation
and
their
exercise
,
and
the
better
to
maintain
the
whole
body
of
his
Campe
in
assurance
.
It
is
conuenient
for
him
to
make
election
of
an
ingenious
Maister
of
the
Artillarie
:
of
a
Maister
or
Marshall
of
the
Campe
,
of
great
experience
:
of
a
Sergiant
Maior
generall
,
perfect
&
readie
in
that
Office
of
great
importance
:
of
Collonels
and
other
Captaines
and
Officers
,
of
entire
mindes
,
and
as
néere
as
is
possible
,
such
as
be
exercised
in
warlike
affaires
:
to
the
intent
they
may
be
better
able
to
execute
theyr
offices
with
the
more
efficacie
,
such
as
can
performe
rather
in
action
,
then
promise
by
words
.
And
so
consequently
,
that
the
election
of
other
Officers
and
Souldiours
,
depending
vpon
their
choyse
,
be
of
good
qualitie
,
as
by
all
reason
they
ought
to
be
,
for
we
must
perswade
our selues
,
that
,
that
number
is
far
lesse
,
which
truely
and
exactly
knowes
,
the
importaunt
and
high
secrets
of
the
honourable
arte
of
Armes
,
then
those
that
are
reputed
meane
and
common
.
Therefore
wise
men
affirme
,
that
,
that
Prince
,
dooth
most
worthily
merite
the
rule
of
a
Monarchie
,
that
can
make
a
good
election
of
wise
Counsellers
and
warlike
Captaines
.
After
this
,
he
must
make
choyse
of
a
sufficient
Comessarie
Generall
,
who
chéefely
may
haue
charge
,
to
giue
carefull
order
,
that
all
the
people
and
Souldiours
may
be
conducted
,
to
the
mayne
Amasse
and
assembly
,
with
speciall
politique
spéede
,
to
the
ende
they
may
iourney
without
working
domage
to
the
Countrey
where
they
passe
:
and
that
the
souldiours
doo
not
fall
to
the
spoile
,
through
the
ouer
great
pennury
and
want
of
necessary
things
.
Besides
,
thys
great
Comessary
,
obeyed
by
the
particuler
Purueyours
,
béeing
of
accord
with
the
Marshall
of
the
Fielde
:
must
vse
his
endeuour
towards
the
prouision
of
ordinary
victuals
,
that
it
may
be
well
conducted
,
and
better
kept
,
sometimes
if
it
be
possible
renuing
the
same
,
specially
in
a
Country
that
is
aboundant
,
and
distribute
the
old
amongst
the
souldiours
:
but
for
al
that
,
this
must
be
doone
,
when
as
it
cannot
otherwise
be
spent
or
kept
good
,
that
he
may
drawe
the
money
disbursed
at
the
Officers
and
Collonels
hands
.
Amongst
these
sufficient
store
of
victuals
,
prouided
by
this
Comessarie
and
his
followers
,
I
haue
séene
it
thought
very
necessary
,
to
conduct
with
the
Armie
,
flockes
and
droues
of
beastes
,
great
and
small
,
the
which
is
of
little
hinderance
or
impediment
,
because
they
are
not
of
burden
,
and
for
that
by
themselues
they
may
be
kept
in
good
disposition
:
and
the
rather
béeing
ayded
by
the
Princes
strong
arme
of
authoritie
.
This
Comessary
may
vsually
send
out
safe-gards
or
sealed
Patents
,
that
there
may
be
respect
had
vnto
Townes
and
other
places
,
aboundant
in
scraw
,
Corne
,
Meale
,
Beere
,
Wine
,
Oyle
,
Cattle
,
Powder
,
Flesh
,
Salt
,
Wood
,
Fruite
,
and
such
other
necessary
things
,
specially
where
such
places
be
taken
and
comen
vpon
at
vnawares
by
the
Armie
.
These
commodities
and
Munitions
,
he
must
cause
to
be
kept
with
good
order
,
to
the
intent
they
may
the
longer
serue
,
and
with
one
of
the
Generals
Trumpets
,
which
may
accompany
the
said
safegards
or
patents
,
or
with
some
small
Troupes
of
souldiours
,
and
nayle
them
vpon
the
gates
of
the
Townes
,
Cattles
,
or
houses
:
these
and
the
presence
of
the
Trumpet
,
with
a
small
ga●…de
of
men
of
war
,
is
of
sufficient
force
to
cause
the
said
place
to
be
respected
so
much
as
it
ought
or
as
is
necessary
:
the
which
Office
was
very
wel
executed
in
the
yéeres
1578.
1579.
1580.
vnder
Don
Iohn
and
the
Prince
of
Parma
.
The
Generall
of
the
Armie
,
ought
to
examine
often
and
verie
narrowly
the
principall
Officers
,
that
good
orders
may
alwaies
with
great
diligence
be
executed
,
and
continually
with
circumspect
care
,
alwaies
kéepe
open
the
vigilant
eyes
of
the
minde
,
and
those
of
the
body
,
warie
and
still
waking
,
as
well
in
aspecting
occasion
,
as
also
in
accepting
and
executing
them
,
with
rare
prouidence
and
valour
.
It
is
very
requisite
,
that
he
alwaies
carrie
with
him
a
good
and
faithfull
Guide
,
and
to
the
intent
he
may
not
by
craft
or
trechery
be
deceiued
,
such
Guides
ought
alwaies
to
goe
vnder
a
sure
gard
,
giuen
in
charge
and
recommended
to
good
Captaines
,
to
good
Officers
and
tryed
Souldiours
,
and
sometimes
it
shall
bee
good
to
carry
them
bound
,
and
specially
in
a
suspected
Country
,
or
that
they
be
of
a
strange
language
and
vnknowne
to
them
.
For
sometimes
,
either
of
peruerse
purpose
,
or
fainting
hart
,
in
suddaine
assaults
which
at
vnawares
arise
by
meanes
of
the
Enemie
,
and
by
the
suddaine
noyse
of
Allarmes
,
they
doo
flée
away
and
saue
themselues
.
Sometimes
eyther
through
the
commodious
darknes
of
the
night
,
or
els
through
the
knowledge
of
the
Country
,
vnknowne
to
those
they
haue
guided
.
But
to
satis-fie
both
Guides
and
Spyes
,
instruments
so
necessary
and
profitable
to
the
honourable
profession
of
Armes
,
a
man
must
neuer
appoint
or
limit
any
certaine
bound
to
expences
,
but
rather
largely
and
liberally
,
pay
and
recompence
them
,
without
making
any
spare
.
For
as
it
is
a
thing
most
manifest
and
cleere
,
that
hauing
such
as
be
good
and
faithful
,
the
victory
remaines
as
it
were
certaine
,
so
the
contrary
dooth
easily
succeede
,
when
his
continuall
and
wakefull
eye
hath
not
respect
to
these
substantiall
aduertisements
.
Neyther
can
any
Captaines
execute
or
commaund
with
more
assurance
or
better
to
the
purpose
,
then
those
which
are
well
conducted
and
led
by
Guides
,
and
instructed
so
neere
as
is
possible
of
all
the
Enemies
determinations
,
and
in
what
manner
and
forme
he
will
worke
by
the
intelligences
of
his
Espyals
.
But
hee
must
beware
hee
take
carefull
paynes
to
examine
all
things
himselfe
,
without
trusting
to
the
indirect
endeuor
of
any
other
person
.
And
therfore
it
is
a
most
necessary
and
excellent
quality
,
to
vnderstand
and
speake
many
languages
by
imitating
that
most
famous
and
victorious
Emperour
Charles
the
fist
,
since
that
hee
himselfe
dyd
vnderstand
the
speech
of
euery
Nation
accustomed
to
practise
with
him
,
and
to
the
most
part
of
them
sententicusly
and
pithilie
coulde
aunswer
:
by
reason
that
not
onely
for
thys
respect
the
beneuolence
of
diuers
Nations
and
particuler
persons
is
gained
,
which
is
a
thing
that
much
imports
,
but
also
moreouer
deceite
is
auoided
,
which
through
the
defect
and
naturall
vice
of
diuers
malignent
Interpreters
might
ensue
:
wherefore
it
is
euer
good
to
be
doubtful
.
Hée
must
of
necessitie
haue
with
him
,
such
persons
as
be
professed
in
Souldiours
Architecture
,
for
the
most
part
properlie
called
by
the
name
of
Ingeniors
,
who
must
haue
knowledge
to
cause
and
cast
out
the
proportion
of
Trenches
,
to
make
them
of
sufficient
defence
,
and
to
frame
massiue
Bulwarks
,
large
and
reall
Ditches
,
Gabions
radled
round
about
,
to
forme
great
Parapets
,
and
not
onely
to
be
good
inuentors
with
iust
proportions
,
but
also
more
studious
of
the
plots
and
formes
,
and
those
things
that
be
therunto
correspondent
,
and
how
to
accomodate
himselfe
to
the
reasonable
situation
which
is
to
be
fortefied
:
and
the
in
effect
they
haue
greater
knowledge
in
warlike
then
in
domesticall
Architecture
,
of
which
I
haue
in
a
particuler
discourse
intreated
in
my
fist
Booke
.
Likwise
it
is
very
good
,
he
take
delight
chiefly
in
cases
of
suspect
(
although
he
haue
lodged
his
Armie
,
in
a
place
that
is
of
a
good
&
strong
situation
)
to
compasse
the
most
weake
places
thereof
,
with
ditches
&
Trenches
of
good
proportion
,
&
reasonable
wel
flancked
.
That
he
take
care
to
kéepe
&
repayre
those
places
that
be
strong
by
nature
,
with
all
dilligent
and
arteficiall
meanes
.
For
so
much
as
from
those
places
that
appeare
most
assured
,
manie
great
●…uines
are
receiued
,
either
through
the
negligence
of
the
wearied
watch
,
or
through
the
secret
policie
&
the
aspiring
mindes
of
the
enemie
:
neither
ought
he
to
omit
or
flée
any
toyle
or
trauell
,
for
good
Souldiours
in
vrgent
necessities
by
examplare
incouragement
,
doe
more
willingly
and
readily
worke
,
then
the
Pyoners
themselues
,
as
was
very
well
performed
in
enuironing
the
Campe
,
against
the
Lanzgraue
,
and
the
rest
of
the
Lutheran
sect
,
in
that
trouble
some
time
of
Charles
the
fifth
,
Emperour
,
and
as
succéeded
specially
in
Inglistate
,
one
of
the
francke
townes
,
where
vpon
the
suddaine
was
made
a
wonderfull
worke
of
Trenches
,
of
sufficient
force
to
resist
the
incredible
furie
of
the
enemies
mighty
Armie
,
who
had
the
aduantage
both
in
horse-men
,
footemen
,
&
Artillarie
,
with
the
which
thrée
daies
continually
,
they
did
batter
,
assault
,
and
made
wonderfull
slaughter
amongst
the
Emperiall
Squadrons
,
placed
with
great
disaduantage
in
a
discouered
and
open
ground
,
by
reason
of
the
low
situation
,
determining
to
force
the
Emperiall
Armie
to
dislodge
:
the
better
after
,
eyther
to
conquer
,
or
driue
them
the
Country
.
The
which
through
this
great
worke
of
Trenches
,
and
together
with
many
Carres
planted
vppon
the
one
side
,
and
vppon
the
other
the
great
Riuer
Danubie
,
and
in
front
with
certaine
Pondes
and
Ditches
of
water
,
and
vpon
the
backe
,
the
town
of
Inglistate
,
it
was
altogether
compassed
and
enuironed
of
sufficient
force
.
But
touching
these
respects
,
looke
in
my
fourth
booke
,
where
I
haue
particularly
touched
this
matter
.
Moreouer
,
it
is
necessary
that
the
Captayne
Generall
,
doe
sometimes
ryde
by
night
about
the
Campe
,
and
admonish
the
watch
that
they
remaine
ready
and
vigilant
,
since
that
in
the
eies
and
eares
of
so
fewe
,
the
health
&
sauegarde
of
all
the
Campe
doth
consist
.
As
little
as
may
be
,
he
must
suffer
alarums
to
be
gyuen
to
his
people
,
either
by
daye
or
by
night
,
or
at
any
tyme
whatsoeuer
:
but
if
thereunto
hee
bee
constrayned
,
lette
him
make
it
secretly
,
and
without
striking
vp
the
Drums
,
or
sounding
Trompets
,
but
rather
vse
Drum
stickes
and
Surdines
.
Or
otherwise
in
respect
and
place
of
those
Instruments
,
which
in
such
cases
are
accustomed
to
be
sounded
.
It
is
very
conuenient
he
send
some
persons
of
authority
,
of
purpose
therunto
appoynted
,
to
passe
round
about
and
through
the
Campe
,
to
aduertise
&
appoint
spéedily
,
such
thinges
as
are
to
be
performed
,
hauing
before
hand
,
had
perfect
discouerie
of
the
enimie
,
and
giuen
resolute
commission
to
make
the
alarum
.
Which
quiet
kinde
of
procéeding
,
shall
afterwards
cause
lesse
traueyle
,
and
much
more
reputation
to
his
people
and
to
himselfe
:
and
to
his
enemy
great
confusion
and
disconragement
,
perceiuing
that
by
their
pollitike
and
valiant
procéeding
,
they
do
smally
estéeme
or
feare
them
.
Which
at
sundrie
alarums
in
the
Campe
,
surprises
of
Townes
,
Camisadoes
,
&c.
I
haue
in
the
low
Countries
,
vnder
Don
Iohn
,
seene
pollitikely
put
in
practise
.
Hee
ought
when
any
alarum
shall
chaunce
to
bee
gyuen
,
to
take
order
with
the
high
Marshall
,
with
as
great
dilligence
as
he
●…anne
,
to
double
the
Corps
de
garde
and
watch
:
which
ought
before
hande
to
be
placed
with
great
Iudgement
,
in
places
that
bée
strong
by
nature
,
or
otherwise
fortefied
by
arte
.
Besides
,
he
must
carry
a
speciall
care
,
and
vse
a
singuler
dilligence
,
not
to
giue
occasion
of
Mutinies
,
the
which
are
accustomed
for
the
most
parte
,
to
bring
foorth
extreame
ruine
:
chiefly
when
they
bee
of
naughtie
nature
,
although
the
dignitie
,
authority
,
and
power
of
the
Captayne
Generall
bee
very
great
,
for
there
is
almost
neuer
any
remedy
vsed
agaynst
such
vprores
,
without
great
losse
of
reputation
and
authority
,
so
great
is
the
terrible
furie
of
this
franticke
encounter
.
He
neuer
ought
to
suffer
his
Collonelles
,
neither
his
Captaines
,
to
haue
any
dead
payes
,
or
supply
their
roomes
by
others
,
that
passe
vnder
their
names
in
Muster
:
for
in
time
of
important
neede
,
many
times
the
Captayne
Generall
,
shal
finde
his
Forces
very
much
weakened
,
contrarie
to
his
expectation
.
A
thing
verie
daungerous
for
the
totall
ruine
of
the
whole
Armie
.
Together
with
this
aduertisement
,
hee
ought
to
be
alwayes
courteous
and
liberall
towards
those
that
do
follow
him
,
to
the
intent
his
Chieftaine
may
courteously
entertayne
those
that
be
good
Souldiours
.
A
thing
worthy
to
be
noted
.
He
must
search
by
all
meanes
possible
,
to
kéepe
his
Armie
continually
,
couragions
and
wyth
aspiring
mindes
,
by
arteficiall
functions
,
to
the
enemies
confusion
.
Sometimes
dispearsing
a
rumor
,
that
hee
hath
intercepted
and
taken
,
certayne
aduertisements
of
importance
.
Somtimes
to
●…aigne
,
that
he
hath
the
commoditie
to
ayde
himselfe
,
with
the
succours
of
many
Princes
and
common
Princes
,
although
there
be
no
such
matter
.
To
make
ioyfull
Triumphes
and
shewes
with
Artillarie
,
arteficial
fyres
and
bondfyres
,
in
the
euenings
,
and
sometimes
making
shew
that
he
hath
a
desire
to
assault
and
inuade
the
enemy
by
night
,
by
Camisado
,
they
beeing
vnprouided
:
as
did
Charles
the
fift
against
the
Lantzgraue
,
vppon
the
arriuall
of
Counte
de
Bure
with
succours
out
of
Flaunders
:
or
as
did
Iulian
Romero
,
vnder
the
Duke
of
Alua
,
when
the
Prince
of
Orange
was
repulsed
from
before
Mountes
in
he
nault
.
Besides
this
,
hee
may
vse
like
functions
,
artes
,
or
Stratagemes
,
to
aduance
his
warlike
affayres
:
for
,
it
is
a
vertue
to
vse
deceit
in
Militarie
actions
,
thereby
to
further
the
procéedings
of
iustice
,
against
manifest
enemies
,
when
it
is
lawfull
to
assault
,
either
with
crafte
or
force
,
either
openly
or
couertly
,
for
that
which
doth
succéede
,
whether
it
fall
out
by
deceit
or
valour
,
is
comendable
in
warlike
actions
.
As
did
Don
Iohn
,
in
suprising
the
Castell
of
Namures
,
a
thing
which
fell
out
to
be
the
safty
of
himselfe
&
the
whole
Countrey
,
and
the
cause
whereby
hee
had
meanes
to
reuenge
himselfe
of
his
enemies
,
at
such
times
as
we
gaue
them
that
famous
ouerthrow
,
betwixt
Namures
and
Gibloe
.
Let
the
Generall
haue
great
care
to
such
chaunces
and
accidents
,
as
haue
néed
of
present
remedy
,
repayring
them
with
carefull
prouidence
,
by
reason
that
the
most
occasions
which
fal
out
in
wars
,
can
suffer
no
delayes
:
for
whilst
some
haue
béene
in
consulting
,
and
deferring
the
matter
but
a
little
moment
of
time
,
they
haue
at
that
instant
receiued
losse
not
able
to
be
recouered
,
&
therfore
to
proceede
with
a
wise
and
spéedie
policie
,
is
of
infinite
aduantage
,
yea
and
altogether
necessary
.
He
must
alwayes
haue
in
memory
,
the
not
by
reason
he
is
Superior
,
in
number
&
multitude
of
souldiours
,
he
may
make
assured
account
of
victory
:
but
rather
through
the
good
order
he
doth
obserue
,
in
disposing
&
framing
a
ready
obedience
,
and
the
exercise
of
a
true
&
approued
practise
in
warlike
actions
,
is
the
only
meanes
to
performe
the
same
,
&
dooth
cause
the
difference
thorowly
to
bee
discerned
,
betwixt
one
Captaine
Generall
and
an
other
.
For
the
art
of
Militarie
profession
dooth
nourish
in
the
breastes
of
men
which
follow
this
exercise
,
a
valiant
and
aspiring
mind
to
fight
.
Therfore
as
from
thence
safty
and
victory
doth
procéede
:
so
contrariwise
,
by
not
possessing
the
same
,
losse
and
totall
ruine
doth
follow
:
Since
that
practise
,
doth
make
a
man
abound
with
exquisite
qualities
,
whereby
courage
is
kindled
in
our
harts
:
and
contrariwise
quenched
in
him
that
is
a
Nouice
and
fresh
water
souldier
,
in
the
exercise
of
these
causes
,
which
in
euery
respect
is
grounded
vppon
long
experience
,
conference
and
reading
,
and
not
by
proud
and
presumptuous
rashnes
.
He
must
likewise
remember
,
that
many
times
in
new
begun
wars
,
specially
against
straunge
nations
,
a
new
forme
of
fight
is
requisite
.
The
election
of
new
armes
is
necessary
,
the
varying
of
order
,
&
the
studie
of
a
new
art
.
Likewise
it
is
good
to
Campe
and
discampe
often
,
when
it
may
be
done
without
manifest
perill
,
and
without
suspicion
or
daunger
of
the
enemy
:
for
thereby
the
infection
of
the
ayre
is
auoided
,
and
souldiours
kéept
exercised
,
who
by
lying
still
become
flouthfull
and
negligent
.
Moreouer
,
the
Marshal
of
the
field
hauing
at
euery
lodging
,
either
planted
or
entrenched
the
Campe
:
it
is
most
necessary
for
the
Generall
,
beeing
accompanyed
with
some
Caualieres
of
his
owne
Courte
and
guarde
,
hauing
before
hym
hys
generall
Trumpet
,
and
his
Guidon
or
Cornet
displayde
(
without
which
hee
ought
neuer
to
goe
abroade
)
to
ride
vp
and
downe
to
visite
the
quarters
,
places
of
armes
,
Munitions
,
and
Trenches
.
And
to
the
intent
he
may
kéepe
the
Souldiours
in
their
Lodgings
,
and
in
their
proper
quarters
,
when
it
is
expedient
that
they
should
not
wander
about
the
armie
,
for
some
good
and
speciall
purpose
.
Let
him
cause
some
small
stampe
or
countersigne
to
be
giuen
or
dis●…rsed
to
the
Captaynes
,
to
the
end
,
that
they
gyuing
them
to
the
Officers
or
souldiours
,
they
may
accomplish
all
theyr
necessary
businesse
,
without
being
hindered
or
stayed
of
the
prouost
:
who
must
carry
a
vigilant
respect
,
touching
this
charg
,
so
that
those
which
haue
not
such
countersignes
or
stampes
,
and
bee
founde
foorth
of
their
quarter
,
may
be
chastised
without
remission
,
according
to
the
proclamation
and
bande
,
made
to
that
effect
.
When
the
Generall
cannot
in
time
,
readily
paye
his
Souldiours
,
as
many
times
it
falles
out
through
want
of
money
,
or
by
reason
of
some
other
accident
,
it
is
néedefull
for
him
to
make
prouision
,
that
the
Countrey
where
he
remaynes
may
beare
them
:
or
els
let
him
carrie
them
into
a
barraine
place
,
smally
inhabited
,
to
the
intent
,
that
not
béeing
able
to
liue
but
with
great
spare
,
through
the
want
of
many
delicate
thinges
,
they
may
bee
more
patient
in
attending
theyr
paie
.
He
must
permit
,
that
the
baggage
of
all
sort
of
people
,
the
victuals
,
the
Munitions
,
with
the
other
impediments
,
and
finally
al
the
disarmed
,
may
haue
a
seueral
Captaine
,
Chiefe
,
&
Ensigne
,
euery
one
apart
,
if
their
number
will
beare
the
same
,
for
that
they
must
march
vnited
together
,
and
in
order
,
as
shal
be
most
expedient
and
conuenient
,
to
the
intent
they
doo
not
cause
great
disturbance
and
confusion
,
through
their
s●…oe
or
ouer-hasty
going
,
which
is
an
ordinary
thing
amongst
them
,
béeing
vnruly
people
.
Let
the
Generall
,
as
before
I
saide
,
carry
a
speciall
care
to
the
choyse
of
his
principall
Officers
,
and
that
in
the
election
,
he
haue
more
respect
to
the
valour
&
vertue
of
the
person
,
then
to
any
particuler
fauour
,
otherwise
he
may
in
time
be
brought
to
repent
hys
choise
,
and
hardly
redresse
his
calamities
▪
Therfore
let
him
often
and
vnlooked
for
,
resort
vnto
the
Captaines
&
Collonels
Tents
,
to
sée
what
towardly
readines
they
are
or
may
bee
in
of
a
suddaine
,
and
that
he
cause
the
Captaines
make
often
like
resort
vnto
the
souldiours
and
vnder
Officers
,
to
sée
if
they
be
in
the
like
orderlie
readines
for
any
suddaine
seruice
:
and
by
degrées
discending
from
one
to
another
,
to
make
speciall
proofe
of
euery
mans
sufficiencie
.
For
the
better
performance
wherof
,
he
must
receiue
into
his
hands
,
the
order
of
all
Offices
in
writing
,
together
with
all
the
names
of
the
souldiours
in
the
Band
,
wherby
he
may
likewise
sée
whether
he
haue
his
iust
number
.
And
consequently
examine
euery
Officer
,
whether
they
haue
a
sufficient
proportion
of
Armour
,
weapon
,
shot
,
powder
,
artillary
,
fireworks
,
boates
to
make
bridges
to
passe
Riuers
,
spades
,
mattocks
,
and
euery
other
particularity
,
before
the
Armie
march
.
The
Generall
hauing
receiued
his
whole
Armie
entirely
,
hee
must
assemble
his
Counsell
,
and
to
ordaine
stai●…ts
and
lawes
for
the
gouernment
of
his
souldiours
,
first
communicating
the
same
with
his
Collonels
and
Captaines
,
causing
them
also
to
impart
them
to
their
Bands
,
suffering
euery
man
franckly
with
due
reuerence
to
speake
,
obiect
,
and
by
writing
(
if
they
list
)
to
offer
vnto
the
Counsell
what
they
can
against
any
of
them
,
which
obiections
considered
,
they
shal
resolue
vpon
such
like
Lawes
&
Penalties
as
I
haue
adioyned
to
the
dutie
of
a
souldiour
in
my
first
Booke
,
beginning
alwaies
with
Lawes
for
the
feare
of
God
,
and
the
Christian
faith
,
and
so
follow
on
for
the
Prince
,
Country
,
and
Campe
.
And
then
cause
euery
Collonel
and
Captaine
to
take
his
oath
,
and
they
likewise
to
cause
euery
souldiour
at
his
Ensigne
to
take
hys
oath
,
to
obserue
,
and
as
much
as
in
them
shall
lye
,
to
cause
to
be
obserued
euery
of
those
lawes
and
Edicts
so
agréed
vpon
.
He
must
not
onely
cause
the
foresaid
lawes
to
be
written
or
imprinted
in
seuerall
Bookes
,
giuen
to
the
Collonels
,
Captaines
,
other
Officers
and
Corporals
therby
to
instruct
euery
priuate
souldiour
perfectly
in
them
,
but
also
to
prouide
,
that
the
Prouost
General
doo
prosecute
the
offenders
&
breakers
of
these
Edicts
,
who
with
his
followers
must
be
specially
respected
,
as
before
is
set
downe
.
The
General
is
by
good
,
speciall
and
perfit
plots
,
Maps
,
&
Models
,
to
know
the
situation
,
nature
,
and
property
of
the
Country
,
and
his
parts
where
he
is
to
passe
with
his
Armie
,
whether
it
be
plaine
&
champion
,
or
woody
&
ful
of
waters
,
furnished
with
strong
Townes
,
or
no
:
and
to
proportion
the
Horsemen
and
Footmen
of
his
Army
accordingly
.
For
if
it
be
most
part
champion
and
full
of
forrage
,
it
is
meet
to
haue
the
more
Horsemen
:
if
it
stand
vppon
straits
and
fortefyed
places
,
he
is
to
haue
the
more
Footmen
.
Light
Horsmen
are
in
all
places
for
discouery
,
fetching
in
of
booties
,
&
pursuing
of
victory
,
very
seruiceable
,
and
not
to
be
spared
.
The
General
ought
also
to
learne
by
good
espial
how
his
enemy
is
appointed
:
for
against
the
French
,
who
abound
with
shot
,
and
haue
few
pikes
,
the
Launce
&
Light-horsmans
staffe
of
the
North
is
singuler
good
,
especially
in
the
plaine
:
but
against
the
Switzers
and
Launce
Knights
,
the
Launce
auaileth
litle
,
but
the
Argoleteares
and
Pistoleteares
shall
much
more
anoy
them
.
It
shal
be
likewise
very
commodious
to
haue
some
cariages
allowed
in
pay
,
to
attende
on
euery
Band
of
footmen
,
as
wel
as
on
horsmen
,
who
besides
the
carriage
of
necessaries
for
vse
,
may
also
in
time
of
Skirmish
,
and
other
encounters
,
serue
to
carry
hurt
men
out
of
the
field
.
They
be
very
good
to
empale
the
Armie
,
specially
if
the
cartages
&
horses
bee
arteficially
flancked
and
shadowed
with
boordes
filled
wyth
quires
of
paper
.
Whilst
faire
wether
is
,
the
Generall
must
acquaint
hys
Souldiours
to
sleepe
on
bare
ground
,
and
though
the
Enemy
be
far
absent
,
yet
duly
to
maintaine
their
Scoutes
to
watch
and
ward
,
and
performe
all
Millitary
orders
,
as
curiously
as
if
the
Enemy
were
present
,
so
shall
it
not
séeme
gréeuous
when
necessity
requires
it
.
If
he
haue
many
horse
,
he
must
sée
that
the
Marshall
of
the
field
plant
his
Campe
,
where
good
store
of
forrage
is
néere
,
otherwise
,
in
forraging
farre
off
,
he
may
greatly
hazard
his
companies
,
if
good
Conuoyes
be
not
sent
with
his
Forragers
,
and
their
iourneyes
discreetly
directed
.
Good
regard
must
also
be
had
,
that
the
Camp
be
not
subiect
to
any
hill
,
from
whence
the
enemy
may
beate
with
great
Artillary
,
nor
so
disioyned
from
water
,
as
the
enemie
may
easily
cut
you
from
it
,
neither
yet
so
low
,
as
the
Enemy
cutting
the
bancks
of
anie
Riuer
,
may
drowne
the
Campe
.
If
there
be
no
great
Riuers
,
but
only
small
Fountaines
or
Wels
to
water
your
Armie
,
then
must
good
watch
be
kept
,
that
they
be
not
by
the
enemy
poysoned
and
infected
.
The
Generall
shold
not
so
much
séeke
to
place
his
Camp
in
seates
strong
by
nature
,
as
to
fortify
them
by
arte
,
as
wel
to
kéep
his
Souldiours
from
idlenes
,
(
the
only
ruine
of
Armies
)
as
also
that
due
order
in
Camps
may
be
maintained
:
let
him
therfore
imitate
the
auncient
Romans
,
the
very
Maisters
of
the
arte
of
war
,
who
neuer
coueted
other
then
the
plaine
to
campe
vpon
:
entrenching
themselues
nightly
in
as
strong
&
sure
manner
,
as
if
the
enemy
had
encamped
by
them
,
and
that
euen
in
places
vtterly
voide
of
all
suspition
,
to
make
these
millitary
trauails
familiar
vnto
them
,
and
to
auoide
those
idle
,
or
rather
dissolute
effrenate
pastimes
,
that
our
Christian
Campes
are
bewitched
withal
,
to
the
vtter
ruine
of
all
good
Millitary
discipline
,
and
confusion
of
our
Armies
.
In
a
running
Campe
,
the
readiest
fortification
is
,
to
impale
it
round
with
the
cariages
chayned
together
,
the
sides
of
the
carriages
and
horses
shaded
with
thin
boords
,
with
certain
quires
of
paper
betwixt
,
cunningly
compacted
together
,
which
being
accommodated
to
make
sides
,
bottoms
,
and
doores
to
the
Carts
&
carriages
,
will
serue
wonderfully
to
empale
an
Army
,
to
make
approches
,
or
to
holde
out
Caliuer
&
Musket
shot
.
Then
let
them
bend
the
Artillary
that
waie
where
most
suspicion
is
the
enemy
shall
approch
,
and
if
time
wil
permit
,
to
cast
some
Trench
also
without
the
carriages
against
Artillarie
.
He
must
kéepe
his
souldiours
in
continuall
millitary
exercise
:
and
by
fained
allarmes
,
to
sée
in
what
readines
his
bands
would
be
if
necessitie
required
,
to
shew
them
all
maner
of
waies
how
the
enemie
may
attempt
them
,
discouering
also
to
them
the
remedy
,
and
howe
they
are
to
aunswer
to
those
attempts
:
for
no
man
is
borne
a
Souldiour
,
but
by
exercise
and
trayning
it
is
attained
,
and
by
discontinuance
againe
it
is
lost
,
as
all
other
Artes
and
Sciences
be
.
In
setling
of
a
Campe
,
beside
the
commodities
of
wood
,
water
,
and
forrage
,
the
Generall
must
also
consider
how
victuals
may
safely
come
vnto
him
,
and
to
leaue
no
Castles
at
his
back
to
anoy
them
,
but
that
he
séeke
to
possesse
them
ere
he
march
forward
,
for
great
is
the
anoyance
that
a
little
pyle
at
the
back
of
an
Army
may
doo
,
as
wel
against
forragers
&
straglers
,
as
to
cut
off
victuals
from
the
Campe
.
The
Generall
is
also
by
good
plots
to
consider
,
the
situation
of
the
Country
,
how
both
fréend
and
enemy
Townes
lie
from
the
Campe
,
the
hyls
and
vallies
,
waies
,
straits
,
passages
,
lakes
,
riuers
&
bridges
,
their
number
,
quantity
,
distance
,
and
euery
particularity
,
which
may
be
doone
by
conference
with
his
Discouerers-Guides
,
Espyals
,
&
other
persons
that
know
the
Country
,
conferring
their
assertions
with
his
plots
.
And
so
to
consider
whether
the
enemy
may
conueniently
cut
off
his
victuals
,
or
by
Ambush
anoy
him
in
his
march
,
and
for
preuention
therof
,
to
send
abroad
Light-horsemen
&
Hargabuzers
to
garde
the
passages
towards
the
enemies
Garisons
.
Before
the
Armie
discampe
,
all
passages
and
waies
for
the
souldiours
and
Artillary
.
&c.
to
passe
;
should
be
discouered
,
and
skilful
men
appointed
to
lead
them
.
He
ought
not
to
suffer
any
band
to
march
scattered
,
but
in
battails
order
,
or
at
least
in
straits
&
narrow
passages
inforce
to
drawe
them
forth
in
Herses
,
and
so
soone
as
place
serueth
,
to
reduce
them
again
into
the
order
of
battaile
:
and
this
is
to
be
vsed
in
places
of
security
for
exercise
,
as
in
places
of
suspect
for
safetie
.
He
ought
to
haue
with
him
good
Guides
,
that
perfecty
know
all
passages
,
hilles
,
vallies
,
&c.
for
of
the
Country
in
generallitie
,
the
Generall
himselfe
ought
perfectly
to
be
informed
by
Plots
&
Models
,
wherby
he
shal
the
better
conceiue
any
information
that
shal
be
brought
him
by
espiall
.
If
the
General
haue
sundry
Nations
vnder
his
gouernment
,
it
is
not
méete
to
gyue
alwaies
to
any
one
Nation
the
Uaward
,
considering
the
same
,
being
in
marching
towards
the
enemy
the
place
of
greatest
honour
,
the
others
will
much
repine
against
it
,
and
not
without
good
cause
.
The
order
therfore
in
marching
,
should
so
be
framed
,
that
euery
Nation
haue
his
turne
,
without
partial
fauor
to
any
one
.
And
if
the
number
be
great
of
any
one
Mercinary
Nation
,
it
is
not
amisse
to
deuide
them
,
both
in
marching
&
imbattelling
,
for
sundry
respects
,
which
in
thys
place
I
omit
to
show
.
If
any
strait
be
kept
by
the
enemie
,
it
is
not
méet
first
to
charge
them
vpon
the
very
front
,
but
to
send
Light-horsmen
&
shot
to
skyrmish
with
them
on
either
flancke
,
and
then
wyth
Targets
of
proofe
to
enter
vpon
them
.
The
Generall
shold
before
he
bring
his
Souldiours
to
deale
with
the
enemy
,
first
in
some
champion
place
,
cause
them
to
be
ranged
in
forme
of
battaile
,
making
of
his
footmen
sundry
Battillions
,
&
of
these
Battillions
,
sundry
Fronts
,
to
deuide
his
Horsemen
also
into
sundry
Troupes
,
placing
the
men
at
Armes
,
Demilances
,
Light
horsemen
,
and
Argoleteares
euery
Fort
in
seueral
Troupes
by
themselues
,
to
cause
the
forlorne
to
issue
out
,
and
skirmish
them
before
the
Battillions
,
as
if
the
enemy
were
indéed
present
,
and
vpon
a
signe
giuen
,
suddainly
to
retire
.
The
horsmen
to
charge
and
returne
again
to
their
place
,
vpon
their
retire
,
to
cause
certain
sleues
of
pykes
and
light
Armed
,
to
run
out
to
their
reskew
,
as
though
the
enemy
did
pursue
them
.
Then
the
Battillions
of
the
first
front
to
march
forward
,
&
bend
their
pikes
,
and
suddainly
after
the
sound
of
the
retrait
,
to
retire
themselues
orderly
,
betwéen
the
Battillions
of
the
second
front
:
then
the
second
front
to
march
forward
,
and
bend
their
pikes
,
and
the
other
that
first
retired
,
to
make
head
again
vpon
the
enemy
.
Last
of
all
,
the
Light-horsmen
and
light
Armed
footmen
again
to
breake
forth
,
as
it
were
to
doo
execution
vpon
the
enemy
fléeing
,
which
forme
of
trayning
,
doth
aunswer
Ma.
Digs
his
proportion
of
imbattelling
.
These
things
,
if
in
pastime
the
souldiours
be
able
orderly
to
performe
,
there
is
good
hope
they
wil
honorably
put
it
in
execution
vpon
the
enemy
.
Otherwise
,
to
bring
them
without
trayning
to
deale
with
the
enemy
,
is
nothing
els
but
to
leade
them
to
the
butcherie
.
As
there
is
nothing
more
perrillous
in
giuing
of
battaile
,
then
to
lay
before
the
souldiours
eyes
any
place
of
refuge
to
flée
vnto
,
but
that
the
Generall
should
declare
vnto
them
,
that
there
is
no
hope
to
escape
but
only
by
victory
,
and
heerin
to
imitate
Hanniball
:
so
there
is
nothing
more
dangerous
,
then
to
giue
the
enemy
battaile
in
such
a
place
,
where
in
troth
hee
hath
no
refuge
or
possibility
to
escape
,
for
that
necessity
maketh
men
desperate
,
it
vniteth
them
together
,
&
it
hath
often
béen
séene
,
that
very
small
companies
,
by
such
like
occasions
,
beeing
reduced
to
desperation
,
thereupon
resoluing
to
sell
their
liues
déerely
,
haue
contrary
to
all
expectation
attained
victory
vpon
their
enemies
,
in
number
farre
greater
.
The
General
must
haue
special
care
,
that
the
souldiours
haue
not
in
their
faces
,
the
dust
to
blind
them
,
the
wind
to
disturbe
them
,
or
the
sun
beames
to
anoy
them
,
before
they
enter
into
any
maine
encounter
:
the
which
impediments
,
not
only
altogether
,
but
each
one
by
him selfe
alone
,
doth
bring
great
toile
,
trouble
,
and
disaduantage
▪
Neyther
let
him
lead
his
souldiours
to
performe
any
enterprise
of
importance
,
if
before
hand
he
haue
not
had
great
and
manifest
experience
of
them
.
Note
that
it
is
much
better
to
ouercome
the
enemy
,
by
weariing
him
with
delaies
,
then
by
furious
fight
put
himselfe
to
the
hazarde
of
doubtful
fortune
,
which
oftentimes
hath
in
battaile
greater
puissance
then
valour
or
vertue
it selfe
,
therefore
alway
procéede
in
these
vncertaine
ends
of
Armes
,
rather
assuredly
then
perrillously
.
The
order
which
the
enemies
hold
,
ought
first
of
all
euer
to
be
discouered
.
The
Generall
being
a
man
of
iudgment
,
dooth
attend
and
take
respect
with
prudence
and
with
carefulnes
,
both
to
his
affaires
,
and
to
the
enemies
,
and
doth
that
is
good
,
or
that
which
is
pernicious
in
the
one
and
in
the
other
,
and
doth
preuent
his
traps
and
deceits
,
neither
suffers
any
thing
negligently
about
himselfe
,
nor
assured
about
them
.
In
warres
,
for
the
most
part
,
the
victory
comes
by
nothing
els
,
but
the
euill
counsell
and
base
mind
of
his
aduersary
,
therefore
very
hardly
can
he
be
ouercome
,
that
can
measure
and
knowe
,
both
hys
owne
,
and
his
enemies
forces
and
order
.
When
a
Prince
or
his
Generall
,
hath
fortefyed
himselfe
wyth
Confederates
,
with
good
and
experienced
Captaines
wyth
valiant
Souldiours
,
with
Municion
and
weapons
,
with
money
and
strong
places
:
it
followes
that
he
endeuours
himselfe
to
weaken
the
force
,
interrupt
and
breake
in
sunder
the
aduersaries
determinations
,
the
which
thing
may
be
performed
spéedily
or
late
,
according
as
occasion
shall
offer
it selfe
,
which
is
the
fountaine
and
originall
of
all
gracious
acts
.
To
conclude
,
the
Generall
,
the
high
Officers
of
the
Army
,
Colonels
,
Captaines
,
and
Souldiours
,
must
daily
serue
God
,
for
Religion
causeth
good
orders
,
good
orders
brings
good
fortune
,
good
fortune
makes
good
successe
to
arise
in
all
enterprises
.
The
Armie
wel
paide
,
discipline
must
be
vsed
without
respect
of
persons
.
Iustice
to
doo
euery
man
right
,
makes
the
Generall
of
great
maiestie
and
reputation
,
beloued
and
feared
,
because
hee
dooth
and
is
able
to
aduaunce
the
vertuous
,
and
correct
the
wicked
.
For
money
is
the
flesh
&
sinewes
of
the
warres
,
and
ordeined
for
the
same
.
That
warre
is
iust
,
which
a
Prince
commaunds
,
for
to
recouer
that
is
lost
,
or
to
defende
iniuries
and
wrongs
offered
to
him
by
others
.
FINIS
.
FOR
that
there
hath
somwhat
beene
saide
touching
Townes
of
warre
and
fortifications
,
Souldiours
of
iudgement
doth
know
,
that
a
place
besieged
by
the
power
of
a
mighty
Prince
,
cannot
long
endure
,
without
there
be
within
the
same
,
a
sufficient
number
of
men
,
Munition
,
&
victuals
:
when
any
of
these
three
things
lacke
,
the
enemy
will
soone
haue
the
place
besieged
.
Therefore
the
sayde
Captaine
Hychcocke
,
who
hath
beene
the
cause
of
printing
this
Booke
of
warre
,
doe
think
it
good
,
to
ioyne
to
the
same
worke
,
this
short
discourse
,
which
declareth
what
proportion
of
victuals
,
will
serue
one
thousande
Souldiours
in
a
Garrison
,
where
the
victuals
must
be
prouided
by
her
Maiesties
Victualer
.
As
for
example
,
we
wil
make
our
proportion
for
Barwicke
,
wherein
I
will
shewe
howe
the
chiefe
Victualer
and
the
petty
Victualers
gaines
and
profits
shall
rise
,
that
men
may
looke
therein
,
whereby
all
doubts
and
questions
that
may
grow
for
that
seruice
shall
be
auoyded
,
and
the
Garrison
at
all
times
well
furnished
with
things
necessary
&
needful
,
for
victualing
of
one
thousand
Souldiours
,
and
after
that
proportion
,
as
the
number
shall
fall
out
,
more
or
lesse
.
Within
this
generall
proportion
heereafter
,
I
doe
declare
first
for
Bread
and
Beere
,
the
Bakehouse
and
Brew-house
,
the
Grayners
for
store
,
the
Windmilles
,
the
Horsemylles
,
with
theyr
implements
:
the
caske
and
other
necessary
things
,
the
charges
of
men
,
horses
,
and
carryages
to
the
same
belonging
,
with
theyr
wages
and
allowance
for
theyr
trauaile
and
seruice
.
Howe
thys
proportion
is
to
be
prouided
,
vsed
,
deliuered
and
spent
,
in
reading
ouer
thys
little
worke
following
,
you
shall
find
very
short
and
playne
.
Robert
Hichcock
.
A
generall
proportion
and
order
of
prouision
,
for
a
yeere
of
three
hundred
,
threescore
and
fiue
dayes
,
to
victuall
a
Garrison
of
one
thousande
Souldiours
.
The
order
for
the
Bakehouse
.
THe
Souldiours
hauing
one
pounde
and
a
halfe
of
good
wheaten
bread
for
one
pennie
,
or
one
pound
and
a
halfe
of
good
white
bread
for
j.
d'.
ob
.
the
Bakers
to
aunswer
for
euery
quarter
of
wheate
,
beeing
sweete
,
good
,
and
marchantable
,
deliuered
at
Barwicke
,
xx
.
s.
Cleere
of
all
charges
and
was●…e
,
which
happeneth
afterward
by
keeping
the
grayners
or
any
other
,
except
casualtie
of
the
Enemy
after
the
deliuery
thereof
.
Necessaries
and
implements
,
wood
,
wages
of
Clarkes
,
Bakers
,
Myllers
,
Carters
,
Labourers
or
any
other
,
for
the
Bake-houses
,
Windmils
,
Grayners
,
or
carriage
of
prouision
,
and
for
horse
and
Carts
for
the
same
are
to
be
found
by
this
rate
&
size
of
bread
,
without
any
other
allowance
to
be
demaunded
,
sauing
for
wast
and
charges
of
as
much
wheate
,
as
the
vse
of
baking
shall
be
otherwise
employed
,
then
to
be
deliuered
in
bread
by
them
who
were
charged
with
the
receite
from
the
shippes
,
and
keeping
the
grayners
of
the
same
.
The
Bakehouses
,
Windmils
,
and
Graynars
,
béeing
furnished
with
implements
and
necessaries
at
the
entrance
into
seruice
,
and
in
good
order
of
repracion
,
are
so
to
be
maintained
and
kept
,
in
and
by
all
things
,
except
casualtie
of
the
Enemy
.
And
are
to
be
deliuered
at
the
departure
from
seruice
,
in
as
good
order
and
furniture
of
all
things
as
they
were
first
receiued
.
And
considering
the
charge
to
maintaine
the
Bakehouse
,
with
the
appurtenaunces
and
allowance
to
the
pettie
victualers
of
the
Garrison
,
after
xxj
.
loues
of
bread
for
xx
.
A
quarter
of
good
wheat
will
make
in
good
bread
,
by
order
of
this
Booke
xxv
.
s.
so
haue
yée
of
euery
quarter
for
charges
v.
s.
and
after
foure
quarters
the
day
,
for
the
whole
yéere
iij.
C.
lxv
.
l.
That
is
to
say
,
for
wood
to
bake
a
quarter
of
meale
in
loafe
breade
,
xvj
.
d'
.
and
after
foure
quarters
the
day
,
for
a
yéere
,
sum
lxxx
.
xvij
.
l.
vj.
s.
viij
.
d'
.
and
for
this
repracion
of
the
Bakehouse
and
the
appurtenances
yéerely
.
l.
l.
Wages
and
victuall
of
two
Clarkes
,
two
Myllers
,
foure
Bakers
,
and
foure
Labourers
yéerely
,
one
hundred
&
fiftie
pounde
.
Maintenance
of
horse
for
carriage
in
this
charge
yeerely
,
lxij
.
l.
xiij
.
s.
iiij
.
d'
.
All
these
allowances
are
found
in
the
size
of
bread
beside
the
branne
.
The
whole
Garison
béeing
as
before
one
thousande
Souldiours
,
will
spend
foure
quarters
of
wheate
a
day
,
and
for
the
whole
yéere
xiiij
.
C.
lxiiij
.
quarters
.
Although
by
order
this
number
wil
serue
,
yet
the
prouision
to
be
at
the
least
in
Wheate
for
breade
,
xx
.
C.
quarters
for
the
prouision
.
I
account
good
wheate
may
be
bought
with
ready
money
by
former
bargaines
for
seauen
yeeres
together
,
for
xiij
.
s.
iiij
.
d'
.
the
quarter
,
in
Yorkshire
,
Notinghamshire
,
and
Lincolnshire
.
I
account
the
charges
of
a
quarter
,
from
the
place
it
was
bought
,
to
Barwick
,
at
iij.
s.
iiij
.
d'
.
that
is
to
say
,
where
they
sende
it
downe
in
Kéeles
,
to
giue
for
kéeling
of
a
quarter
iiij
.
d'
.
for
freight
of
a
quarter
to
Barwicke
,
xvj
.
d'
.
and
for
the
Purueyors
charges
for
matts
,
or
any
other
,
of
a
quarter
,
xx
.
d'
.
And
in
other
meete
place
where
the
freight
is
greater
,
the
other
charges
are
the
lesse
,
so
as
it
may
be
doone
for
the
price
.
I
haue
made
no
mention
of
waste
,
which
is
to
be
borne
by
the
ouer
measure
,
béeing
bought
for
ready
money
by
former
bargaines
,
except
shipwracke
and
casualtie
of
the
Enemie
.
So
I
account
wheate
to
be
deliuered
at
Barwicke
,
cléere
of
all
charges
and
freight
,
at
xvj
.
s.
viij
.
d'
.
the
quarter
,
one
time
with
another
,
as
before
.
And
where
the
Baker
alloweth
to
deliuer
in
Bread
for
euery
quarter
of
good
wheate
,
xx
.
s.
cléere
of
all
charges
and
wast
after
the
deliuery
there
of
at
Barwicke
,
by
this
order
of
prouision
,
the
freight
,
wast
,
and
all
other
charges
allowed
,
except
casualtie
of
the
Enemie
and
shypwracke
,
there
remaineth
profit
in
euerie
quarter
,
iij.
s.
iiij
.
d'
.
Sum
ij
.
C.
xliij
.
l.
vj.
s.
viij
.
d'
.
These
may
suffise
for
the
order
of
the
Bakehouse
,
for
Breade
,
and
prouision
of
corne
for
the
same
:
sauing
there
is
to
be
considered
,
to
haue
in
store
at
all
times
,
in
wood
ij
.
C.
loade
,
euery
three
Monethes
to
be
renewed
:
to
euery
Mill
,
a
paire
of
spare
stones
,
and
tymber
for
repration
.
All
implements
and
necessaries
to
bee
double
furnished
for
the
said
charge
,
and
for
the
horse
and
carts
of
the
same
.
Certaine
notes
for
wheate-meale
and
bread
.
A
bushell
of
good
wheate
meale
,
as
it
commeth
from
the
Myll
,
and
weying
lvj
.
l.
will
make
in
houshold
breade
lxxij
.
l.
so
that
it
will
take
in
liquour
,
beside
that
is
dryed
in
baking
,
beeing
weyed
within
xxiiij
.
houres
after
the
baking
,
xvj
.
l.
that
is
,
for
vij
.
l.
of
meale
,
ix
.
l.
of
bread
.
Take
vij
.
l.
of
bran
out
of
a
bushell
of
good
meale
,
weying
lvj
.
l.
&
the
xlix
.
l.
remayning
,
will
make
in
good
wheaten
bread
,
lxiij
.
l.
and
that
paste
,
wil
make
in
ordinary
bisket
,
being
conuerted
to
that
vse
,
xlij
.
l.
and
taking
thrée
pounde
and
a
halfe
more
of
bran
from
the
said
meale
,
the
forty
fiue
pounde
and
a
halfe
remayning
,
will
make
in
white
bread
,
xlij
.
l.
or
in
white
biskette
,
twentie
eyght
pound
.
A
bushell
of
wheate
weying
but
fifty
two
pound
to
the
Myll
,
if
you
will
make
it
equal
with
good
meale
,
take
out
of
the
same
ten
pound
of
bran
,
and
the
fortie
two
pound
remaining
will
make
in
wheate
n
bread
,
fifty
foure
pound
,
or
in
ordinary
bisket
thirty
sixe
pounde
,
that
is
,
of
a
quarter
of
such
wheate
,
two
hundred
&
two
quarters
,
viij
.
l.
taken
out
of
the
same
for
grinding
,
and
it
wyll
make
but
two
hundred
,
one
quarter
ordinary
biskette
,
except
ye
take
out
lesse
branne
,
and
make
courser
bread
then
the
ordinarie
vse
of
the
same
.
The
lighter
wheate
,
the
courser
,
and
more
bran
,
and
there
is
worse
wheate
then
is
héere
mentioned
.
The
heauier
wheate
,
the
finer
meale
,
and
lesse
branne
,
and
there
is
better
also
then
is
héere
declared
.
Some
wheate
wyll
wey
more
then
weight
in
a
quarter
fourtéene
pound
,
&
some
twenty
eyght
pound
.
So
of
light
wheate
the
Baker
maketh
course
breade
,
and
to
small
profit
:
and
of
good
weighty
wheate
fayre
bread
,
to
the
Bakers
honesty
and
profit
.
Because
diuersitie
of
measures
shold
be
auoided
,
there
is
considered
for
wast
in
prouision
,
the
ouermeasure
:
and
for
waste
in
the
Graynars
,
the
Mylles
to
be
parcell
of
the
Bakehouse
,
so
that
the
Baker
to
aunswere
that
wast
as
before
.
Thus
much
is
declared
for
wheate
,
and
the
Bakers
in
theyr
charge
.
The
order
for
the
Brewhouse
.
THE
Brewer
deliuering
double
béere
at
thirtie
shyllings
the
Tunne
,
the
Souldiour
to
haue
a
wine
quarte
for
a
halfe
penie
,
and
deliuering
strong
beere
at
fortie
eyght
shillings
the
tun
,
the
Souldiour
to
haue
a
wine
quart
for
ob.
q.
And
the
Brewers
to
allow
the
Officers
for
euery
quarter
of
Mault
xiij
.
s.
iiij
.
d'
.
and
for
euery
quarter
of
wheate
,
xx
.
shyllings
,
cléere
of
all
charges
,
and
waste
in
the
garners
after
the
deliuery
of
the
same
at
Barwicke
,
from
aboorde
the
shyps
there
,
except
casualty
of
the
Enemy
.
Necessaries
and
implements
,
wood
&
coale
,
wages
of
Clarks
,
Brewers
,
Myllers
,
Coopers
,
Carters
,
and
Labourers
for
the
Brewhouse
,
the
appurtenaunces
and
carriage
of
prouision
,
with
horse
and
cartes
for
the
same
,
Hoppes
,
and
Beerecorne
,
caske
,
and
hoopes
,
or
any
other
necessaries
are
to
be
founde
by
this
rate
and
price
of
Beere
,
without
any
other
allowance
,
sauing
waste
and
charges
,
of
as
much
Maulte
,
wheate
,
Beerecorne
or
caske
,
as
shall
be
otherwise
employed
then
with
beere
,
to
be
deliuered
by
those
which
were
charged
with
the
receite
and
carryage
from
the
shyps
,
and
kéeping
the
garners
of
the
same
.
The
Brew
houses
,
horse
myls
,
Garners
,
and
store
houses
for
this
charge
,
beeing
furnished
with
implements
and
necessaries
,
and
in
good
order
of
repration
at
the
entrance
into
seruice
,
are
so
to
be
maintained
and
kept
,
in
and
by
all
things
,
except
casualtie
of
the
Enemy
.
And
to
be
deliuered
at
the
departure
from
seruice
,
in
as
good
order
and
furniture
of
all
things
,
as
they
were
receiued
,
without
any
other
allowance
then
for
carryage
of
Beere
to
the
pettie
Uictuallers
,
as
hath
béene
,
and
is
at
Barwicke
accustomed
.
If
there
should
be
demaunded
any
greater
price
for
Maulte
,
then
must
the
Béere
be
smaller
,
and
the
water
the
Brewers
freende
for
gayne
to
maintaine
this
charge
.
And
for
that
I
haue
considered
,
the
great
charges
of
the
appurtenances
before
declared
,
I
haue
rated
both
kindes
of
Béere
by
the
Tunne
in
proporcion
,
and
howe
allowance
is
founde
for
the
maintenance
of
the
same
.
Double
Beere
in
proporcion
by
the
Tunne
.
-
TO
euery
Tunne
in
Mault
,
x.
Bushelles
and
a
halfe
allowance
,
for
waste
in
the
Garners
,
at
xiij
shillings
iiij
.
pence
the
quarter
.
xvij
s.
vj
d'
.
-
In
Wheate
one
Bushell
,
ij
s.
vj
d'.
-
In
Dates
halfe
a
Bushell
,
v
d'
.
-
In
Hoppes
vij
pound
,
at
xx
s.
for
a
hundreth
.
xv
d'
.
-
Wood
and
Coales
,
to
euery
Tunne
xx
d'
-
Repration
of
the
Houses
,
implements
,
necessaries
,
and
waste
of
Caske
,
ij
s.
ij
d'
.
-
Mayntenaunce
of
men
for
the
sayd
charge
,
allowed
of
euery
Tunne
.
iij
s.
iiij
d.
-
Maintenance
of
horse
to
the
Mylles
,
and
Cartes
for
carriage
of
prouision
,
xiiij
d'
.
-
So
haue
yée
the
Tunne
of
double
Béere
at
xxx
s.
Strong
Beere
in
proportion
by
the
Tunne
.
-
To
euery
Tunne
in
Mault
,
two
quarters
and
thrée
peckes
allowance
for
waste
in
the
Garners
xxviij
s.
-
In
Wheat
two
Bushels
,
v
s.
-
In
Oates
one
Bushell
,
x
d'.
-
In
Hoppes
viij
po●…nd
and
a
halfe
,
xviij
d'
.
-
Wood
and
Coale
to
euery
Tunne
.
ij
s.
vj.
-
Reprations
of
the
Houses
,
implements
,
necessaries
,
and
waste
of
Caske
,
iij
s.
iiij
d'.
-
Mayntenance
of
men
for
the
sayde
charge
,
allowed
of
euery
Tunne
,
v
s.
-
Mayntenaunce
of
Horse
to
the
Mylles
,
and
Cartes
for
carriage
of
prouision
,
xxij
d'
.
So
yée
haue
the
Tun
of
stronge
Béere
as
appeareth
,
at
xlviij
s.
The
proportion
for
600
,
common
souldiours
a
yéere
in
double
Béere
,
after
the
order
of
this
booke
,
456
,
Tunne
in
hegsheades
.
The
proportion
for
foure
hundred
,
greater
allowance
a
yéere
in
strong
Béere
after
the
order
of
this
booke
,
thrée
hundred
foure
Tunne
Barrell
,
Summa
760.
Tunn
in
Hogshead
Barrell
.
By
these
proportions
of
Beere
▪
is
considered
for
Wood
and
coale
,
thrée
score
sixtéene
pound
ten
pence
.
Repration
of
the
appurtenaunces
,
and
the
waste
of
the
Caske
,
C
l.
ij
s.
iiij
d'.
ob
.
For
mayntenaunce
of
ii
,
Clarkes
,
iiii
.
Brewers
,
one
Mylller
,
ii
.
Cooperes
,
and
iiii
Labourers
,
one
hundred
Lii
.
pound
,
i.
s.
viii
d'
Mayntenance
of
Horse
to
the
Mylles
,
and
Cartes
for
cariage
of
prouision
:
beside
,
yéeste
and
graynes
.
Liiij
.
pound
,
ix
s.
vij
d'.
ob
.
So
haue
yée
for
mayntenaunce
of
the
saide
charge
;
thrée
hundereth
foure
score
two
pound
,
fourtéene
shillings
six
pence
,
founde
in
the
rate
and
price
of
Béere
.
And
more
by
the
petty
victuallers
,
for
carriage
of
Béere
at
xvj
,
d'
the
Tunne
,
vsed
of
custome
,
L.
pound
,
xiij
shillings
x
,
d'
.
Summa
for
maintenance
of
the
Brew-houses
,
and
the
appurtenances
,
as
appeareth
,
foure
hundreth
xxxiij
l.
viij
s.
iiij
d'
And
there
appeareth
also
by
the
sayde
proportions
,
wheate
,
store
of
Corne
and
Hoppes
,
will
serue
the
same
as
followeth
.
In
Mault
for
double
Béere
,
at
ten
bushelles
the
Tunnne
,
six
hundereth
thrée
score
and
ten
quarters
,
two
bushelles
and
a
halfe
:
allowance
for
waste
,
xxviij
quarters
&
a
halfe
.
In
Mault
for
strong
béere
at
two
quarters
the
Tunne
,
vi
,
hundereth
viij
.
quarters
two
bushelles
and
a
halfe
:
allowance
for
waste
xxx
quarters
iij
bushels
.
Summa
in
Mault
1237.
quarters
and
a
halfe
.
In
Wheat
to
both
proportions
as
appeareth
,
133.
quarters
and
halfe
a
bushell
.
In
Oates
,
Lxvi
,
quarters
,
foure
bushelles
.
In
Hops
,
fiue
thousand
foure
hundreth
two
quarters
,
xi
.
pound
,
beside
the
weight
of
the
Hoppe
sackes
.
And
not
withstanding
,
this
proportion
of
Mault
,
Wheat
▪
and
Hoppes
,
will
serue
the
like
Garrison
:
yet
considering
the
place
,
the
prouision
to
bee
yéerely
in
Mault
,
two
thousand
quarters
.
In
Wheat
for
Béere
two
hundred
fyftie
quarters
.
In
Oates
,
one
hundred
and
fifty
quarters
.
And
in
good
Hoppes
eight
thousand
weight
.
In
Cole
as
a
continuall
store
euery
thrée
monthes
,
to
be
renued
two
hundreth
Chadron
.
Spare
stones
to
the
Horse
myls
.
Double
furniture
of
necessaries
for
the
Brew
houses
,
horse
myls
,
and
Garnars
.
Double
furniture
of
necessaries
for
the
horse
and
Carts
.
To
haue
in
store
of
good
Caske
,
seruiceable
for
beere
,
beside
that
is
daily
occupyed
,
one
hundred
Tunne
.
In
good
Clapboord
,
two
great
hundred
.
In
Wainescots
,
two
hundred
.
In
Spruce
deales
,
two
hundred
.
In
seasoned
Tunstaues
,
two
hundred
.
In
hoopes
,
as
a
continuall
store
to
be
renued
,
30.
or
40000.
In
good
yron
,
foure
Tunne
.
Although
some
of
these
are
of
smal
value
,
yet
are
they
not
to
be
spared
,
nor
easily
to
be
had
in
time
of
seruice
,
and
therefore
to
bee
considered
.
All
such
prouision
,
with
Brewe
house
,
Bake
house
,
and
Grayners
,
I
haue
seene
in
the
Pallace
at
Barwicke
,
the
fift
yeere
of
King
Edward
the
sixt
,
I
then
hauing
the
charge
of
two
hundred
Pyonars
,
in
the
fortification
there
.
For
prouision
.
I
count
good
Maulte
may
be
bought
in
Cambridgshire
,
&
such
part
of
Norfolke
where
the
Maulte
is
very
good
,
and
in
Lincolnshyre
for
seauen
yeeres
together
,
by
former
bargaines
,
for
readie
money
,
at
sixe
shyllings
,
and
eyght
pence
the
quarter
.
As
for
Wheate
for
thys
charge
,
is
to
be
had
in
all
places
,
and
Oates
also
.
Course
wheate
will
serue
for
Béere
,
so
that
the
best
be
reserued
for
bread
.
And
wheate
that
hath
taken
heate
,
in
the
carriage
,
not
béeing
wette
with
salt
water
,
will
serue
for
thys
charge
to
be
occupied
with
other
that
is
good
.
I
rate
the
charges
of
prouision
,
freight
,
waste
,
and
all
other
,
except
casualtie
of
the
Enemy
,
at
iij.
s.
iiij
.
d'
.
the
quarter
:
as
before
in
the
charge
of
the
Bakehouse
,
so
that
Mault
may
be
deliuered
at
Barwicke
,
cleere
of
all
charges
one
time
with
another
,
at
ten
shillings
the
quarter
.
There
appeareth
to
be
allowed
by
the
Brewer
for
euery
quarter
of
Mault
,
xiij
.
s.
iiij
.
d'
.
and
for
euery
quarter
of
Wheate
xx
s.
cléere
of
all
charges
and
waste
,
after
the
deliuery
thereof
from
aboorde
the
shyps
at
Barwick
,
except
casualtie
of
the
Enemy
,
being
imployed
for
Béere
deliuered
in
seruice
.
And
by
the
order
of
prouision
,
the
freight
,
waste
,
and
all
other
charges
cléered
,
to
be
profit
in
euery
quarter
of
Mault
and
wheat
imployed
as
before
,
except
casualtie
of
the
Enemy
&
shipwracke
,
iij.
s.
iiij
.
d'
.
Sum
ij
.
C.
xxviij
.
l.
viij
.
s.
iiij
.
d'
.
As
I
haue
declared
great
difference
in
the
goodnes
of
Wheate
,
so
is
there
in
Mault
much
more
:
for
the
common
Mault
of
Norfolke
,
is
not
to
be
compared
to
good
Maulte
,
by
foure
quarters
in
euery
xx
.
quarters
.
And
Mault
that
is
full
of
wyeuels
,
and
wood
dryed
Mault
,
will
make
vnsauery
drinke
,
to
those
that
are
vsed
to
drink
Béere
or
Ale
made
with
straw
dryed
Mault
,
yet
in
time
of
great
seruice
,
both
Norfolke
Maulte
and
wood
dryed
Maulte
will
serue
with
other
good
Maulte
,
and
make
good
drinke
also
to
serue
the
time
.
Thus
for
causes
of
seruice
of
Bread
and
Béere
,
I
haue
sufficiently
prooued
in
these
few
lynes
declared
,
and
the
charges
of
the
same
in
all
poynts
considered
:
adding
thereunto
a
proportion
for
the
rest
of
the
victualing
of
such
a
Garison
.
Prouision
of
Beefe
by
proportion
.
THat
is
to
say
,
the
whole
Garison
by
this
order
,
will
spende
in
Béefe
xij
.
C.
weight
a
day
,
for
j.
C.
dayes
.
iij.
C.
Oxen
,
contayning
iiij
.
C.
weight
euery
Oxe
.
And
for
the
sayd
seruice
there
,
they
may
be
bought
in
Yorkshyre
,
Darbishire
,
Lankeshire
,
the
Bishoprick
of
Durham
,
and
deliuered
at
Barwick
aliue
,
cleere
of
all
charges
,
for
thrée
pound
euery
Oxe
,
those
that
are
good
fat
,
and
so
large
,
that
the
carkas
dóo
wey
euery
quarter
round
,
fiftéene
stone
,
at
viij
.
l.
the
stone
the
one
with
the
other
,
whereof
to
be
allowed
for
the
hyde
,
offall
and
tallow
xv
.
shillings
.
And
so
of
all
other
Oxen
after
the
rate
the
fourth
part
the
same
did
cost
aliue
,
either
of
small
or
great
.
Hauing
licence
to
transport
the
hydes
ouer
sea
to
be
sold
to
most
aduauntage
:
and
rating
allowance
for
looking
to
the
Pastures
,
for
killing
,
dres●…ing
,
and
cutting
out
of
euery
such
Oxe
,
xxiij
.
d'
.
and
yet
remaineth
profit
in
the
Oxe
by
thys
order
,
sixe
shyllings
eyght
pence
a
peece
.
Sum
for
the
whole
proportion
,
●…
.
C.
pound
.
Prouision
of
Mutton
by
proportion
IN
Mutton
also
for
fiftie
daies
xij
.
C.
weyght
a
day
,
rating
the
carkas
of
a
shéepe
about
xlv
.
pounde
the
one
with
the
other
,
that
is
,
thirtie
shéepe
a
day
,
in
all
xv
.
C.
shéepe
.
Such
sheepe
beeing
●…at
and
good
,
are
to
be
bought
in
Lincolnshire
,
Yorkshire
,
and
D●…rbishire
,
and
deliuered
at
Barwick
aliue
,
for
vj.
s.
viij
.
pence
a
sheepe
,
cleere
of
all
charges
,
whereof
to
be
allowed
xx
.
●…
.
for
the
skin
,
〈◊〉
and
tallowe
.
Hauing
licence
to
transport
the
felles
to
be
sold
as
before
,
to
most
aduauntage
:
and
rating
allowance
for
looking
to
the
pastures
,
kylling
and
dressing
of
euery
such
shéepe
,
●…oure
pence
,
and
yet
remaineth
profit
in
euery
of
the
like
sheepe
,
sixteene
pence
.
Sum
for
the
whole
proportion
.
j.
C.
l.
Prouision
of
Porke
by
Proportion
.
IN
Porke
also
for
thirty
two
dayes
,
xv
.
C.
weight
a
day
,
the
which
I
rate
at
xv
.
hogs
,
&
in
all
iiij
.
C.
lxxxiiij
.
hogs
,
whereof
the
two
sides
of
euery
hog
to
wey
besides
the
offal
one
hundred
weight
:
such
hogs
are
to
be
bought
in
Nottinghamshire
,
Darbishire
,
and
Yorkshire
,
and
deliuered
at
Barwick
aliue
,
being
good
,
cléene
,
and
fat
,
for
viij
.
s.
iiij
.
d'
.
a
hog
cleere
of
all
charges
,
00.
Whereof
to
be
allowed
for
the
offall
of
euery
such
hogge
.
xij
.
d'
.
And
rating
allowance
for
looking
to
them
,
kylling
,
scalding
,
and
dressing
of
euery
hogge
,
viij
.
d'
.
and
yet
remaineth
profit
in
euery
such
hog
.
ij
.
s.
Sum
for
the
whole
proportion
.
xlviij
l.
Notwithstanding
this
proportion
,
yet
the
store
of
Oxen
to
be
iiij
.
C.
xx
.
C.
shéepe
,
and
viij
.
C.
hogs
,
wherof
thrée
C.
to
be
made
Bacon
,
as
parcell
of
a
good
store
.
And
alwaies
to
haue
at
Barwick
j.
C.
Oxen
,
&
v.
C.
sheepe
,
and
the
rest
in
good
pas●…ure
within
xxx
.
or
xl
.
mile
,
ready
to
serue
at
all
times
:
and
the
hogs
also
in
conuenient
place
for
the
same
.
Prouision
of
Fish
by
proportion
.
In
stockfish
for
fiftie
two
Wednesdaies
,
two
meales
&
halfe
seruice
,
fiftie
two
Fridaies
,
one
meale
and
whole
seruice
,
iij.
C.
stockfishes
a
day
,
in
all
the
whole
,
xxvi
.
laste
xij
.
C.
after
v.
score
the
hundred
to
euery
last
.
The
same
are
to
be
deliuered
at
Barwick
,
cléere
of
all
charges
,
for
xiij
.
l.
vj.
s.
viij
.
d'
.
the
last
.
And
rating
allowance
for
beating
,
&
kéeping
the
store
of
euery
last
,
xxx
.
shillings
,
and
yet
remaineth
profit
in
euery
last
,
by
order
of
thys
booke
,
as
in
a
proportion
for
the
xx
.
part
of
the
Garison
héereafter
following
may
appeare
,
v.
l.
iij.
s.
iiij
.
d'
.
Sum
for
the
whole
proportion
.
j.
C.
xxxiij
.
l.
iij.
s.
iiij
.
d'
.
In
shotland
lyng
,
euery
lyng
rated
at
two
stockfishes
,
for
xxvi
.
Saterdayes
,
thirteene
daies
in
Lent
,
and
one
day
in
Rogation
wéeke
,
halfe
seruice
fortie
dayes
,
one
C.
and
fifty
a
day
,
which
maketh
after
sixe
score
to
the
hundred
,
and
4.
lynges
to
the
pay
,
5000.
Lynges
,
which
are
to
be
deliuered
at
Barwick
,
cleere
of
all
charges
for
l.
s.
the
C.
and
rating
allowance
to
the
keepers
of
the
store
,
of
euery
C.
three
shillings
.
foure
pence
,
&
yet
remaines
profit
of
euery
C.
by
order
of
this
booke
,
as
in
the
souldiours
proportion
at
large
appeareth
,
sixteene
shillings
,
eyghtpence
.
Sum
for
the
whole
proportion
.
xli
.
l.
xiii
.
s.
iiii
.
d'
.
In
shotland
Cod
,
rated
at
a
stockfish
and
a
halfe
,
for
xxvi
.
Saterdaies
,
twelue
dayes
in
Lent
,
and
one
day
in
Rogation
wéeke
,
halfe
seruice
39.
dayes
,
225.
fishes
a
day
,
which
maketh
after
6
score
to
the
hundred
,
and
4.
pay
fishes
,
7.
M.
3.
C.
15.
fishes
:
which
are
to
be
deliuered
at
Barwicke
,
cleere
of
all
charges
for
thirty
shillings
the
C.
And
rating
allowance
to
the
keepers
of
the
store
of
euery
C.
two
shyllings
.
And
yet
remaineth
profit
in
euery
hundred
,
by
thys
order
,
eyght
shillings
.
Sum
for
the
whole
proportion
.
xxix
.
l.
iiij
.
s.
j.
d'.
ob
.
And
where
these
proportions
of
fish
,
by
the
order
of
this
booke
allowed
to
the
Souldiours
,
will
serue
:
yet
the
yéerely
prouision
with
the
remaine
,
to
be
in
stockfish
xl
.
last
,
vij
.
M.
v.
C.
Lynges
,
x.
M.
Codde
.
Prouision
of
Butter
and
Cheese
.
In
Butter
,
for
fifty
two
Wednesdaies
,
halfe
seruice
,
iii.
C.
l.
a
day
,
fifty
two
Saterdaies
,
xxv
.
dayes
in
Lent
,
and
two
dayes
in
Rogation
weeke
,
quarter
seruice
,
79.
dayes
,
150.
pound
a
day
,
in
all
27000.
300.
50.
l.
which
maketh
in
Barrels
,
after
52.
l.
and
a
halfe
,
to
euery
Firken
,
130.
barrels
.
The
same
may
bee
bought
in
Holdernes
,
in
Yorkeshire
,
&
in
Suffolke
once
a
yeere
,
for
xl
.
s.
the
barrell
:
and
rating
the
charges
of
prouision
&
carriage
to
the
water
side
at
xx
.
d'
.
the
barrell
,
for
freight
to
Barwick
,
euery
barrell
xx
.
d'
.
and
rating
allowance
to
the
keepers
of
the
store
of
euery
Barrell
xx
.
d'
.
and
yet
remaineth
profite
of
euery
barrell
twenty
fiue
shillings
.
Sum
for
the
whole
proportion
.
162.
l.
16.
s.
3.
d'
.
In
Cheese
for
fiftie
two
Saterdaies
,
twentie
fiue
dayes
in
Lent
,
and
two
dayes
in
Rogation
weeke
,
quarter
seruice
,
300.
l.
a
day
,
in
all
23000.
700.
l.
and
maketh
in
weyes
,
considering
the
allowance
of
16.
l.
to
the
pettie
victualers
for
the
Souldiours
,
98.
wey
,
and
thrée
quarters
:
and
rating
allowance
for
waste
,
one
wey
in
euery
loade
,
that
is
for
waste
,
15.
wey
,
and
the
odde
quarter
to
goe
in
allowance
of
waste
with
the
rest
,
which
I
am
sure
is
sufficient
:
so
that
the
prouision
to
be
by
this
order
,
113.
wey
of
Cheese
,
with
the
waste
.
The
same
may
be
bought
in
Suffolke
once
a
yéere
,
for
20.
s.
the
wey
,
and
rating
the
prouision
and
carriage
to
the
water
side
of
a
wey
,
20.
d'
.
for
freight
to
Barwicke
of
a
wey
,
20.
d'
.
and
yet
remaines
profit
of
thys
order
of
a
wey
,
allowing
other
20.
d'.
to
the
keepers
of
the
store
,
nine
shillings
,
seauen
pence
,
farthing
.
And
in
the
whole
,
fiftie
foure
pound
,
fiue
shillings
.
Notwithstanding
that
the
saide
proportion
of
Butter
&
Chéese
will
serue
,
according
to
the
order
of
thys
booke
:
yet
the
yeerelie
prouision
to
be
with
the
remaine
in
Butter
two
hundred
Barrels
,
and
in
Chéese
two
hundred
Wey
.
And
to
haue
in
store
of
bay
salt
vpon
consideration
of
seruice
,
if
it
should
so
happen
to
occupy
the
same
,
one
hundred
wey
.
By
this
generall
proportion
of
prouision
,
appeareth
to
be
maintained
sufficient
number
of
men
,
and
also
the
repracion
of
the
houses
,
necessaries
,
and
all
other
charges
for
the
said
seruice
at
Barwicke
,
without
the
Queenes
highnesse
charge
.
And
also
for
the
prouision
and
charges
off
eight
and
other
before
it
come
to
Barwicke
,
and
to
stop
the
mouthes
of
those
who
delight
to
finde
fault
in
that
they
vnderstand
not
.
Héere
followeth
how
the
allowance
is
found
to
maintaine
the
same
.
That
is
to
say
,
for
repracion
of
the
bake
houses
,
brew
houses
,
wind
mils
,
horse
myls
,
Garners
,
with
the
appurtenaunces
,
and
waste
of
caske
in
the
sayd
charge
by
this
proportion
,
one
hundred
fiftie
pound
,
two
shyllings
,
foure
pence
.
Wood
and
Coale
to
bake
and
brewe
the
sayd
proportion
,
one
hundred
seauenty
foure
pound
,
seauen
shillings
,
sixe
pence
.
For
horse
and
carts
for
the
myls
,
&
carrying
of
prouision
wyth
the
allowance
by
the
pettie
victualers
,
for
carrying
of
their
beere
,
as
is
accustomed
.
one
hundred
seauenty
two
pounde
,
sixteene
shyllings
,
nine
pence
.
For
maintenaunce
of
twenty
fiue
men
,
for
the
bake
houses
,
brew
houses
,
wind
myls
,
horse
mils
,
Garners
,
and
carrying
of
prouision
in
the
said
charge
,
three
hundred
two
pounde
,
one
shylling
,
eyght
pence
.
For
maintenaunce
of
men
in
the
charge
of
Beefe
,
Mutton
,
and
Porke
,
sixtie
nine
pound
,
sixteene
shyllings
.
In
the
charge
of
stockfish
,
Ling
,
and
Cod
,
fiftie
foure
pounde
,
twelue
shillings
,
and
eleuen
pence
.
In
charge
of
Butter
and
Chéese
as
appeareth
,
xx
.
l.
v.
s.
Summe
ix
.
C.
xliij
.
l.
ix
.
d'
.
All
these
are
founde
beside
the
prouision
and
freight
,
before
it
come
to
Barwick
,
as
by
the
same
may
appeare
.
And
the
better
to
maintaine
the
cheese
Officer
of
trust
,
the
charges
before
rehearsed
,
and
other
vnknowne
charges
,
which
happeneth
oftentimes
in
seruice
:
as
also
that
all
his
saide
ministers
and
seruaunts
,
be
not
any
of
the
number
allowed
for
souldiours
,
there
is
considered
for
profit
in
wheate
for
bread
,
as
in
the
charge
of
the
bake
house
appeareth
,
two
hundred
fortie
three
pounde
,
sixe
shyllings
,
eyght
pence
.
In
Mault
and
wheate
for
beere
,
as
in
the
charge
of
the
brewe
house
appeareth
.
228.
l.
8.
s.
4.
d'.
In
Beefe
,
Mutton
,
and
Porke
▪
248.
l.
In
stockfish
,
ling
,
and
Cod
,
204.
l.
4.
s.
1.
d'
.
In
Butter
and
Chéese
,
217.
l.
1.
s.
3.
d'
.
Summe
xi
.
C.
xli
.
l.
iiij
.
d'
.
All
these
allowances
are
found
,
beside
maintenaunce
of
the
pettie
victualers
,
and
their
charge
,
as
appeareth
by
proportion
héereafter
following
.
And
for
the
sum
of
viii
.
M.
iii.
C.
xlii
.
l.
x.
s.
the
Officers
fee
:
and
the
souldiours
scores
paide
euery
sixe
Monethes
,
this
seruice
is
to
be
doone
in
euery
point
of
the
same
.
The
Garrison
being
one
thousand
Souldiours
as
afforesaid
,
wherof
account
six
hundred
common
Souldiours
,
&
foure
hundred
more
of
greater
pay
,
or
such
as
make
more
account
of
themselues
:
and
for
that
the
Souldiours
shall
not
bee
troubled
with
dressing
of
their
victualles
,
neither
the
Captayne
in
deliuering
the
proportion
,
appoynted
within
the
Towne
of
Garrison
:
I
do
appoynt
twentie
petty
Uictuallers
,
and
to
euery
petty
Uictualler
,
thirty
common
Souldiours
,
and
twenty
more
of
bigger
paye
,
whose
proportion
of
victuals
for
a
yéere
,
shall
hereafter
appeare
.
The
common
Souldiour
shal
pay
two
shillings
eight
pence
by
the
wéeke
,
for
his
dyet
,
lodging
,
and
washing
:
the
Souldiour
of
bigger
pay
,
at
foure
shillings
the
wéeke
,
for
his
dyet
,
lodging
,
and
washing
,
as
heereafter
followeth
:
wherein
it
dooth
also
appeare
,
howe
the
petty
Uictuallers
are
considered
for
their
charges
and
trauell
in
the
same
,
for
a
yéere
of
365
dayes
.
The
thyrtie
common
Souldiours
,
to
haue
euery
man
a
day
in
wheaten
breade
,
one
pounde
and
a
halfe
,
rated
at
a
penny
.
And
the
twentie
greater
allowance
in
white
breade
,
euery
man
a
day
one
pounde
and
a
halfe
,
rated
at
thrée
halfe
pence
.
And
in
allowance
to
the
petty
Uictuallers
,
xxj
.
Loues
for
twentie
.
These
L.
Souldiours
charge
,
Summa
Xcj.
pounde
,
v.
s.
The
petty
Uictuallers
allowance
found
in
the
same
,
in
vantage
bread
.
Sum.
foure
pound
,
eleauen
shillings
,
thrée
pence
.
The
xxx
.
common
Souldiours
,
to
euery
man
a
Wine
pottle
of
double
Béere
a
day
,
rated
at
a
penny
,
their
proportion
for
a
yéere
,
xxij
.
Tun
,
iij.
Hogsheads
,
xv
.
Gallons
,
deliuered
the
petty
Uictuallers
at
xxx
.
s.
the
Tunne
.
The
xx
.
greater
allowance
,
euery
man
a
Wine
pottle
of
stronge
Béere
a
day
,
rated
at
j
d'
.
ob
.
Their
proportion
for
a
yéere
,
xv
.
Tunne
.
j.
Barrell
,
x.
gallons
,
deliuered
the
petty
Uictuallers
at
xlviij
.
s.
the
Tunne
.
These
L.
Souldiours
charge
,
Sum.
Xci.
pound
,
v.
shillings
.
The
petty
Uictuallers
,
sum
xx
l.
x.
s.
i.
d'
.
ob
.
The
30.
common
Souldiours
,
in
Béefe
euery
man
one
pound
a
day
,
rated
at
j.
d'.
ob
.
For
100.
dayes
,
3000.
pound
,
and
the
petty
Uictuallers
allowance
of
euery
hundreth
,
twelue
pounde
:
so
is
the
proportion
3000
,
weight
,
at
12.
s.
6.
d'.
the
hundreth
,
in
charge
,
Summa
18
,
l.
15.
s.
The
20
,
greater
allowance
,
euery
man
one
pound
and
a
halfe
a
day
,
rated
as
before
,
with
like
allowance
:
to
the
petty
Uictuallers
the
proportion
is
30.
hundred
weight
,
at
12.
s.
6.
d'.
the
hundreth
.
Summa
18.
l.
15.
shillinges
.
The
petty
Uictuallers
allowance
in
both
.
4.
l.
4.
d'.
The
30
,
common
Souldiours
,
in
Mutton
,
euery
man
one
pound
a
day
,
rated
at
two
pence
the
pound
:
for
50
▪
dayes
1500.
weight
,
and
the
petty
Uictuallers
allowance
,
of
euery
hundred
twelue
pound
.
So
is
the
proporcion
15.
hundred
weight
,
at
16.
s.
8
,
d'
.
the
hundred
,
in
charge
,
Summa
,
12.
l.
10
,
s.
The
20.
greater
allowance
,
euery
man
one
pound
and
a
halfe
a
day
,
rated
as
before
,
with
like
allowance
to
the
petty
Uictuallers
:
the
proportion
is
15.
hundreth
weight
,
at
16.
s.
8
d'.
the
hundred
,
in
charge
,
Sum
12.
l.
10.
s.
The
petty
Uictuallers
allowance
in
both
,
53.
s.
8.
d'.
The
30.
common
Souldiours
in
Porke
,
euery
man
one
pound
f.
quarter
a
day
,
rated
at
j.
d'.
ob
.
For
32.
dayes
12
hundred
,
and
the
petty
Uictuallers
of
euery
hundred
12.
pound
.
The
proportion
is
12
,
hundred
weight
,
at
10.
shillings
the
hundred
.
Summa
6.
l.
The
20.
greater
allowance
,
euery
man
one
pound
3
quarters
and
a
halfe
a
day
,
rated
as
before
after
the
rate
,
with
li●…e
allowance
to
the
petty
Uictuallers
.
The
proportion
is
12
hundred
weight
at
10.
shillings
the
hundred
in
charge
.
Sum
6.
pound
.
The
petty
Uictuallers
allowance
,
25
shillings
9
,
pence
.
The
30
common
souldiours
in
Stockfish
,
to
euerie
foure
men
one
Stockfish
a
day
,
for
52.
wednesdaies
,
two
meales
a
day
,
half
seruice
,
and
the
like
allowance
to
euery
foure
men
one
Stockfish
for
a
meale
,
for
52.
frydayes
,
whole
seruice
,
in
all
7.
Fishes
and
a
halfe
a
day
,
one
hundred
and
foure
dayes
,
780
Fishes
,
rated
at
4
,
pence
the
Fish
in
charge
.
Sum
13.
l.
The
20
greater
allowance
,
to
haue
for
the
like
dayes
,
to
euery
4
men
one
stockfish
and
a
halfe
a
day
,
as
well
for
the
halfe
as
whole
seruice
,
euery
day
7.
Fyshes
and
a
halfe
,
780
Fyshes
at
4
pence
the
Fysh
in
charge
.
Summa
13
,
pound
The
30
common
Souldiours
,
to
haue
in
shotland
Linges
,
for
26
saterdayes
,
13.
daies
in
Lent
,
and
1.
day
in
Ragation
weeke
,
in
all
40
dayes
:
to
euery
8
,
men
,
one
Ling
a
dayhalfe
seruice
,
rated
at
7.
d'.
the
Ling.
Sum.
150
And
the
allowance
for
pay
Fish
,
to
the
petty
Uictuallers
,
5
Linges
.
Sum
4.
l.
7.
s.
6
d'
.
The
20.
greater
allowance
,
for
the
lyke
dayes
,
to
euery
8
men
●…ne
Ling
and
a
halfe
,
rated
as
before
at
7
,
pence
the
Linge
,
150
,
and
to
the
petty
Uictualler
,
5.
Linges
,
4.
pound
,
7.
shillings
6
pence
.
The
petty
Uictuallers
allowance
,
fiue
shillings
ten
pence
.
The
30
,
common
Souldiours
to
haue
in
shotland
Codde
,
for
26
Saterdayes
,
12
dayes
in
Lent
,
&
one
day
in
Rogation
wéeke
,
to
euery
8.
men
one
Fysh
and
a
halfe
a
day
,
halfe
seruice
,
at
4
,
d'
.
the
Fysh
:
and
the
petty
Uictuallers
in
allowance
,
as
before
in
Lings
.
The
proportion
is
219
,
Fyshes
,
one
quarter
and
a
halfe
.
The
petty
Uictuallers
allowance
,
7
,
Fyshes
and
a
quarter
,
in
charge
for
the
same
.
Summa
3.
pound
,
13
,
shillings
3.
halfe
pence
.
The
20
greater
allowance
for
the
like
dayes
,
to
euery
8
,
men
2
,
Fishes
one
quarter
a
day
,
for
halfe
seruice
,
with
lyke
allowance
to
the
petty
Uictuallers
,
as
before
at
4
pence
the
Fysh
.
The
pro
portion
is
219
Fishes
,
one
quarter
and
a
halfe
.
The
petty
Uictuallers
allowance
,
7
Fishes
one
quarter
,
in
charge
for
the
same
,
Sum
3.
pound
,
13.
shillinges
,
j.
d'.
ob
.
The
petty
Uictuallers
allowance
,
4.
shillings
,
10.
pence
.
The
30
common
Souldiours
,
to
haue
in
Butter
to
euery
foure
men
one
pounde
a
day
,
halfe
seruice
,
for
52
wednesdayes
,
two
meales
a
day
:
and
to
euery
8
men
one
pound
a
day
,
quarter
seruice
,
for
52
,
Saterdaies
,
25
,
dayes
in
Lent
,
and
two
daies
in
Rogation
wéeke
,
at
4.
pence
the
pound
,
686
,
pound
and
a
quarter
,
and
is
in
charge
,
Summa
11.
pounde
,
8.
shillinges
,
9.
pence
.
The
20.
greater
allowance
,
for
the
like
of
52.
wednesdayes
,
halfe
seruice
,
to
euery
foure
men
one
pounde
and
a
halfe
a
day
:
and
to
euery
eight
men
one
pound
and
a
halfe
a
day
,
for
52.
Saterdaies
,
25.
dayes
in
Lent
,
and
two
dayes
in
Rogation
wéeke
,
quarter
seruice
,
at
foure
pence
the
pound
.
Summa
686
pound
,
1.
quarter
,
and
is
in
charge
.
Summa
11
pound
,
8
shillings
,
9
pence
.
The
30
common
Souldiours
,
in
Chéese
for
52
Saterdaies
,
25
dayes
in
Lent
,
and
two
dayes
in
Rogation
wéeke
,
to
euery
foure
men
one
pound
a
day
quarter
seruice
,
and
allowance
to
the
petty
Uictuallers
,
16.
pound
of
a
Wey
,
at
two
pence
the
pound
.
Sum.
fiue
hundred
,
foure
score
,
twelue
pound
and
a
halfe
.
In
charge
,
summa
4
pound
,
13
shillings
,
9
pence
.
The
petty
Uictuallers
allowance
,
thirtie
nine
pound
and
a
halfe
.
The
20
,
greater
allowance
,
for
the
lyke
Satterdayes
,
the
dayes
in
Lent
an●…
Rogation
wéeke
,
to
euery
foure
men
,
one
pound
and
a
halfe
a
day
,
quarter
seruice
.
Sum
,
592.
l.
and
a
halfe
,
at
2
d'.
the
pound
.
In
charge
,
summe
4.
l.
18.
s.
9.
d'.
The
pettie
Uictualers
allowance
,
39.
l.
and
a
halfe
.
In
money
for
both
the
parcels
,
thirteene
shyllings
,
two
pence
.
Sum.
417.
l.
2.
s.
6.
d'
.
Euery
pettie
Uictualers
allowance
,
that
men
may
be
wel
ordered
,
summe
.
119.
l.
11.
s.
3.
d'
.
The
whole
Garison
at
twenty
petty
Uictualers
a
yeere
,
in
charge
,
8342.
l.
10.
s.
The
twenty
pettie
Uictualers
allowance
,
beside
that
in
the
generall
proportion
found
out
of
the
same
.
Sum.
two
thousand
,
three
hundred
,
91.
l.
6.
s.
8.
d'.
Some
Souldiours
there
are
married
,
and
keepe
house
,
whose
proporcion
of
victuals
must
be
to
them
deliuered
accordingly
,
with
the
like
allowance
,
as
to
the
Petty
Uictualer
in
euery
thing
.
Captaines
and
Gentlemen
with
theyr
ordinary
Seruaunts
,
keeping
house
of
themselues
,
no
proporcion
deliuered
,
but
wyth
like
allowance
.