A booke of sundry draughtes principaly serving for glasiers: and not impertinent for plasterers, and gardiners: be sides sundry other professions. Whereunto is annexed the manner how to anniel in glas: and also the true forme of the fornace, and the secretes thereof.

A BOOKE OF SVNDRY DRAVGHTES , Principaly serving for Glasiers : And not Impertinent for Plasterers , and Gardiners ▪ be sides sundry other professions .

WHEREVNTO IS ANnexed the manner how to anniel in Glas : And also the true forme of the Fornace , and the secretes thereof .

LONDON Printed in Shoolane , at the signe of the Faulcon by Walter Dight , 1615.

The Authour to the willing practisers of glazeing , and anneiling in Glasse .

AS the principall beautie , and countenaunce of Architecture , consistes in outward ornament of lights , so the inward partes are ever opposite to the eies of the beholder , taking more delight in the beauty therof , being cunningly wrought , then in any other garnishing within the same . To which purpose , is set downe in this , variety of draughts , some , ordinary and plaine , others , curious & pleasant , and although , it may seeme to those that are expert in glazeing , that some of these draughts are needlesse , being so plaine and in vse , not deseruing in this sort to be published , yet notwithstanding here I doe in friendly courtesie admonish , that it is most needefull , giuing choice to the builder , both for price , and draught of worke , which by no vnderstanding can the Glazier so sencibly demonstrate his freat , as by showing his examples of draught , for by such show , the builders shall vnderstand , what to make choice off , for whose ease & furtherance only , I haue published this practise of glazeing , knowing the expert maister is not vnfurnished of these vsuall draughts , though each workeman haue not all of them .

And for the further benefit of the practiser , there is herevnto annexed dyapring on each draught , either to be wrought or left , as it shall please the builder , most pleasant to all that are willing to haue the same : Therefore haue it not in light regard ▪ for the vse thereof , will giue you great delight , and worthy to be practised , as a speciall ornament to building , and will beautifie the Glaziers worke , be they neuer so expert .

So by obseruing the order and rules here set downe , the maister or workeman shall not only see a plaine way , to imitate and follow those draughts , in glazeing and painting on glasse : but the simplest , and vnskild prentice , shall reape full and perfect vnderstanding thereby : praying the Almighty , to blesse your labours in following the same .

Wa : Gedde .

THE MANNER TO DRAWE THE SQVARE . Directions how to make your Square .

First then concerning the square , which although it be common to sundry artificers , each one hauing his owne forme and devise , in drawing of it , some by devision of halfe circle , some by other rules : there is herefore set downe a more perfect and readier way for any worke in draught , and also if neede be , to try the square rule thereby : for certainely , glasse worke of all others ▪ requires most an exact square , for the distance , of one haire out of square , will deface the whole worke , and bring it out of all frame .

The ordering of the square .

To drawe this square : First you must drawe your line draught so long as your worke requireth , marking right theron with your compasse , three points of alike distance , next , devide your compasse larger , setting the one point on the figure 2. & with the other drawe a quarter circle betwixt 4. and 5. after , remoue your compasse to the figure 3. and drawe a crosse circle ouer betwixt 6. and 7. and wheresoever the iust middle of the crosse appeareth , marke the same with the point of the compasse , as you may perceiue in the character , by the figure 8. lastly , drawe a draught , betwixt the figure 1. and the crosse point by the figure 8. and thou shalt find a perfect square to conduct thee all thy draughts . As on the former side is shewed .

The devision of measures , in glasse draughts ▪

To make this more plaine to the practiser , the square draugh● for the most part passes on three severall devisions , the first , on a declining , or collaterall square , others , on even squares , and the third , interlaced with both : This declining devision and setting this worke thereon , must begin after the forme you perceiue here on his devision , and may be extended , in any quantity you please : the perfect draught of this worke , and how it shall stande in glasse , you shall finde it in fol. 38. & other draughts also agreeable to the same measure , in sundry other places , as in fol: 16. 27. 47. and others .

It is also to be vnderstood , that the shadowing , and darkning , set downe in all those freats and draughts , demonstrates the diapring , which is for the vse of those that desire to haue their worke beautified with the same , and the plaine draught , is the convoy , and course of the lead , which dyapring , must only be in gray , or blew colour , as is largely set downe amongst the rules of colour .

Begin this at the figure 3.

Of even square devision .

There be a number of draughts , wrought by this even dire●● square , which is most perfect of any ; to set this worke right , ye must begin your first losing , at the figure 4. and so runne out i● any quantity you will , as this devision will shew you : the perfect , and full draught hereof , as it must stand in glasse-worke , you shall finde in fol: 43. with sundry other draughts of the same measure , as in fol: 40. and in other places .

Begin at the figure 4.

Of even crosse devision .

This sheweth a plaine draught with a double circle , and even over crosse measure , beginniug his sett at the figure 7. This whole perfect draught , as it is to be wrought in glasse , you shall finde in fol: 72. with sundry other draughts also of the same devision , as in fol: 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82 ▪ and others .

Begin at the figure 5.

Of a declining crosse draught .

This Interlaced double circle , with double declining crosse devision , must begin his setting , at the figure 8. and his whole draught standeth in fol: 86. and also others of the same devision , with double circle , as in fol: 83. 82. 80. 76. & other places as may be perceiued .

Begin at the figure 6.

Of interlaced devision .

This interlaced devision , yeildeth very pleasant draughts , exceeding close , & strong : the setting of this worke on his devision , must begin at the figure 5. and from thence to follow out to the full quantity that your glasse-worke requireth : the principal draught hereof , you shall finde in fol: 47. with sundry other of the same measure , as in fol: 12. 27. 32.

Some other square draughts are here set downe of greater difficulty , but as they are somewhat more painefull in working , so are they more pleasant , & will make a delectable show : which workes must haue his right devision , on the glasse table drawen with blacke , which will conduct the setting perfectly , making the most curious draught in this booke , easie , & plaine to be wrought in glasse .

Begin at the figure 7.

Of compasse workes , or draughts .

These draughts following , with their devision , are differing from the other : some there be of single compasse draught , others double : some be square , & compas declīing crosse draughts , and euen crosse and withall interlaced .

First then this single circle of this devision , as you see here set downe , is a very fine draught in glasse-worke , & the setting thereof , must begin at the figure 6. and the whole draught as it must show in glasse-worke , you shall finde in fol: 74. and in sundry other draughts of the like devision , as in fol: 87. very easie to be wrought , making exceeding pleasant worke .

Begin at the figure 8.

Interlaced crosse draught .

This as you perceiue is even crosse and declining draught , intermixed , exceeding pleasant in glasse-worke : hi● beginning of setting of your worke is at the figure 9. & the principall whole draught is to be found in fol: 71. as also a great many moe of the same devision , in divers other places .

Other sorts there be of these circle workes , of greater difficulty , but the devision thereof on thy glasse table , must be thy helpe to make it easy , as is before mentioned in the square draughts

Begin at the figure 9.

HERE BEGINNETH The first part of square draughtes Formed vppon direct , and collatterall lines : which fitly may be applied to sundrie vses .

And now newly published BY WALTER GIDDE .

1615.

HEERE Foloweth Sundrie sortes , of Circuler , or Compas Draughtes for Glazing : And will fitly serue for divers vses .

Newly Published by Walter Gidde ▪

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THE MANNER , Howe to Anneile , or Paint in Glas : THE true receptes of the cullors , The ordering of the Furnace , and all the secretes there vnto belonging .

1616

THE TRVE FORME , OF THE Furnace , for the Anneiling in Glasse , withall the Instruments belonging therevnto .

THE MANNER HOWE to erect the Fornace .

TAKE free-stone , or Bricke , and proportion it fower foote square , and three foote high and two foote and halfe in eache square : And at either corner which is marked with the letter A. leaue an open hole , to let oute the smoake , when neede shall require : which holes you shall cover , with peeces of bricke-bats . And in the midle of the toppe of the Fornace , around hole made , fower inches over as ye see it markt with letter B. which hole you must alwayes keepe coverd with a turffe or Charcole , & renew it so often as the fire doth consume it away : And note that this hole doth serue to giue vent to the smoake , and to keepe in the heate : for this hole is right over the mouth of the Pan where the glasse lieth .

This Pan , marked with the letter C. must be made of fine clay , fit to indure the fire and placed on an Iron trevet , in the middest of the Fornace , so that the fire may haue place to giue heat , both vnder and aboue the pan .

This Pan wherein the glas is put , must haue an open square in the side , fiue inches high , and three inches broad , as you see marked with the letter D. and the like open place must be made in the side of the fornace , right opposite to the open square in the side of the pan , where the peeces of glas do lie , called the proofe peces , which peeces , are to be taken in & oute at your pleasure , whereby you may knowe when your wrought glasse is thorowly enameled , and of a faire coullour .

How you ought to prepare and put your Glas into the Furnace .

TAKE Chalke that is cleane , and beate it small in a Morter , or else grind it well on a painters stone : then sprinkle some of it in the bottom of the Pan , before the fire be put in the Furnace : then lay a plye , or laine of glasse that is wrought thereon , them sift on more chalk and then laye another tyre , or laine of glasse : So by beds of chalke & glasse , you may lay on as much prepared glas as the Pan will hold one rewe aboue another , but remember that betwene every rewe of glasse you do sifte on chalke , that the wrought glass may not touch one another . Then take litle peeces of glasse , and touche them with the same coullour that your wrought glasse is of , & put them in at the passag , at the side of the Furnace , betwixt the beds of wrought glasse , & then begin to make a reasonable fire vnder and aboute the Pan vntill you thinke , that the glasse hath taken a faire coullour .

Now to knowe when your glas is perfectly ready ; take a paire of tonges , and drawe oute one of those little peeces of glasse , called the prooffe peece , and hold it betwext you and the light : if the cullor showe faire , and stick fast vppon the glasse , then you may be sure that the worke vnder is well and perfectly anneiled , because it hath had the greatest strength of the fire : But if you doubt that the cullours be not sure , then rubbe with a rough stone or a knife , one of the proofe peeces , and then if the cullor come of , then you must let it continew longer in the fire , while you put the next peece to the proofe . Note further that the proofe hole in the side of the Furnace , marked with the letter D. must haue a stone that will abide the fire fitted to it , such a one as you see marked with the letter F. which stone serveth to take of , and put on so often as you make triall of the proofe peeces .

Also yov must haue an earthen pot , such as ye see marked with the letter E. wherein you must haue a readines some soft clay to fasten the stone againe , so often as you shall haue occasion to remoue it ? But the holes in the toppe of the furnace you must not stoppe with clay , but only with peeces of brick bats so that the smoake may haue vent oute .

THE RECEIPETS , FOR THE true making of Collours for Glasse .

To make a faire Blacke .

TAKE the Scales of Iron & Copper , of each a like waight , & put it in a cleane vessell that will indure the fire , till they be red hotte , then take halfe as much Ieate , and stamp them into smal pouder , then mix them with Gumwater , & grind them fine vpon a painters stone and so drawe with it vpon your glasse .

To make a Greene coullour .

TAKE Vertegrease , and grind it very well with Turpentine then put it in a cleane pot , and when you would vse it warme it at the fire .

To make a faire red .

TAKE Sanguis draconis and beate it well in a Morter , & after straine it thorough a linning cloth , with a little Aquavitie , and so vse it .

Carnation .

TAKE two ounces of Tyn-glas , and six ovnces of Ieat , half an ounce of gum , ten ounces of red Ocker , and grind them very well togeather , and so vse it .

Blew .

TAKE beades of blew glas , and beat them into poulder , in a brasen morter , and halfe as much of goldsmithes blew amaling that shines through , & grind them together with gum-water , and so vse it .

Yellow .

TAKE a quantitie of fine silver , and cut it in smale peeces , and put therto a little Antimonium beaten to poulder , and put them to-geather in a melting-pot , and set them on the fire well covered round about with hotte embers the space of an hower , then take it from the fire , and poure it into the bottom of a cleane earthen vessell that will abide the heate thereof : after it is cold beat it into fine poulder , and grind it on a Painters stone , and when it is well ground , take sixe times as much Ocker as the Silver weighes , and seven times as much old earth that hath bin scraped off from enamaled worke : after that , let it be well ground , then put all this together in apot with gume-water , and stirre it well aboute and so vse it .

To make a Grey couller .

TAKE Iron scales , alittle Cristall , and sum smale quantitie of Ieate , grind these well together vpon a painters stone , the more Ieate ye take , the sadder the coullour will be , & likewise the more christall you put to it the lighter .

To Diaper vppon glas .

TAKE Cristall , beaten to poulder , and grind it well vppon a painters stone with Gumwater , and so vse it : It will apeare a prettie light coullour , different from the glas : Keepe this coullour in a little Potte , and when you will vse it , stirre it well aboute .

Another faire red Cullour .

TAKE a quantity of red glasse beades , and halfe as much of Goldsmithes red Enamaling , and prepare it as you did the blew coullour before .

FINIS