¶
A
briefe
Catologue
of
rare
wonders
,
and
fearefull
sightes
,
seene
aswell
on
earth
,
as
in
the
element
.
The
sundrie
definitions
,
effects
,
and
significations
of
Comets
.
A
Comet
,
after
the
opinion
of
Albertus
,
is
an
earthlye
grosse
vapour
,
whose
partes
much
gather
to
it
,
ascending
from
the
lowest
parte
of
heat
,
vnto
the
vpper
part
of
the
same
:
where
,
the
fire
that
toucheth
the
holownesse
,
there
shed
forth
and
burning
,
so
that
it
often
sheweth
long
,
&
sheddeth
out
.
2.
A
Comet
is
a
hote
and
drie
matter
,
fatte
,
discous
,
and
earthly
,
whose
partes
be
thicke
,
drawne
vp
by
vertue
of
the
celestiall
bodies
,
vnto
the
vpper
region
of
the
aire
,
where
through
the
nearenesse
of
the
fire
,
and
might
of
the
substaunce
set
on
fire
,
and
caried
circularely
with
the
motion
of
the
vpper
region
of
the
aire
,
which
drawne
by
that
motion
,
is
so
caried
about
.
3.
A
Comet
,
after
the
opinion
of
Leopoldus
,
is
an
earthly
vapour
,
hauing
grosse
partes
mightily
thickning
togither
,
ascending
by
vertue
of
starres
,
vnto
the
vpper
parte
of
heate
,
where
being
kindled
,
and
caried
circularely
with
the
aire
:
signifieth
the
alteration
of
kingdomes
,
and
other
great
matters
in
this
worlde
.
4.
A
Comet
is
an
earthly
exhalation
,
hote
and
drie
,
fatte
and
clammie
,
with
the
partes
thicke
gathered
,
by
vertue
of
the
starres
,
and
drawne
from
the
bowels
of
the
earth
by
little
and
little
,
and
perticularlye
vnto
the
vpper
region
of
the
aire
,
where
,
nighest
the
fire
,
through
the
disposition
and
multitute
of
the
matter
is
dilated
,
&
being
kindled
burneth
,
&
wyth
a
long
tract
shedde
forth
,
is
circularly
moued
,
after
the
condition
and
maner
of
a
starre
,
vnder
which
,
it
is
gathered
,
or
vnder
the
circulare
motion
of
the
vpper
region
of
the
aire
.
The
explication
or
plaine
declaration
of
the
definition
.
THis
larger
definition
and
description
,
contayneth
the
causes
and
maner
of
the
increasing
of
the
Comet
,
and
the
same
sufficient
clearly
:
for
it
must
nedes
insue
,
that
the
substaunce
of
a
Comet
,
to
be
an
earthly
and
viscous
exhalation
,
or
otherwise
it
would
soone
be
wasted
,
of
the
burning
colour
:
and
the
space
of
time
is
most
short
,
in
which
a
Comet
is
séene
,
as
not
continuing
aboue
seuen
dayes
:
yet
a
Comet
appeareth
,
and
is
séene
manye
tymes
for
.
40.
dayes
togither
,
or
somewhat
longer
,
vntill
all
the
substance
of
it
in
the
burning
,
be
in
the
end
consumed
,
being
also
drawne
with
this
circulare
motion
most
swift
.
Although
Plinie
witnesseth
,
that
Comets
haue
beene
séene
,
which
were
as
immooueable
in
the
place
.
Of
the
continuance
,
and
motions
of
Comets
.
CArdanus
writeth
,
that
the
longest
time
of
them
(
except
by
miracle
)
doth
scarcely
exceede
six
moneths
,
so
that
(
for
the
most
part
)
the
substance
of
a
Comet
,
is
spent
by
the
thirtie
day
,
or
sooner
:
but
neuer
ending
before
the
seuenth
day
.
The
motion
of
a
Comet
,
is
thrée
maner
of
wayes
:
the
one
from
the
Cast
,
into
the
West
:
the
seconde
from
the
West
,
into
the
East
:
and
the
thirde
diuers
,
as
from
the
West
into
the
South
,
or
from
the
North
into
the
West
:
the
excéeding
greatnesse
,
and
most
spéedie
increase
of
them
is
marueylous
,
in
that
appearing
at
the
first
,
but
a
foote
brode
,
doe
after
a
fewe
dayes
,
occupie
a
fourth
part
of
the
Zodiacke
.
The
place
where
a
Comet
often
ingendreth
.
A
Comet
(
after
the
minde
of
Cardanus
)
is
oftner
engendred
in
the
North
,
and
especiallye
(
in
that
part
of
heauen
)
named
the
Milkie
way
,
from
the
Tropickes
without
:
yet
are
they
gathered
and
caused
,
somtimes
vnder
the
Equinoctiall
,
&
somtimes
nighe
the
Winter
Tropicke
,
and
else
where
:
but
oftner
(
as
I
haue
sayde
)
about
the
North
,
in
which
part
I
obserued
(
sayth
Cardanus
)
thrée
Comets
in
thrée
seuerall
yeres
.
In
the
night
,
after
the
Euening
,
are
Comets
apparantly
séene
:
yet
not
the
like
in
the
day
,
except
by
a
mightie
meanes
and
occasion
.
It
is
manifest
,
that
many
Comets
may
be
séene
togither
:
as
in
the
age
of
Carolus
Martellus
,
in
the
month
of
Ianuarie
,
were
two
Comets
séene
within
fourtéene
dayes
togither
,
of
which
the
one
went
before
the
Sunne
,
and
the
other
folowed
him
,
with
the
●ayles
looking
and
stretched
toward
the
North
:
and
this
hapned
in
the
yeare
of
mans
redemption
,
seuen
hundred
twentie
and
sixe
.
Two
other
Comets
appeared
togither
,
in
the
yeare
of
mannes
health
,
1337.
which
not
in
a
short
time
,
in
that
as
companions
they
ended
togither
after
two
monthes
complete
.
And
to
the
learned
it
is
well
knowne
,
that
if
they
happen
with
an
Eclips
,
then
through
the
vertues
doubled
,
they
produce
much
more
,
and
daungers
long
continuing
.
How
some
interprete
the
motion
of
Comets
.
THere
be
some
(
sayth
Cardanus
)
which
thus
write
of
Comets
:
that
if
they
tende
toward
the
South
,
such
signifie
raine
to
insue
:
if
vnto
the
North
,
then
drought
to
follow
,
if
vnto
the
East
,
then
the
pestilence
,
and
other
mightie
daungers
:
if
vnto
the
West
,
then
the
best
or
a
happie
yeare
,
and
temperate
.
And
the
like
Porphirius
(
that
worthie
Philosopher
)
wrote
,
but
as
I
suppose
deceyued
in
this
,
séeing
a
Comet
procéeding
against
the
order
of
the
signes
,
doth
signifie
the
mutation
of
lawes
:
for
that
cause
,
the
Comet
which
tendeth
from
the
East
into
the
West
,
signifieth
the
alteration
of
lawes
,
in
that
it
is
caried
agaynst
the
order
of
the
signes
:
so
that
when
it
may
signifie
the
same
alone
,
it
happeneth
that
a
temperate
yeare
followeth
,
yet
doth
it
not
signifie
the
temperament
of
the
yeare
.
The
kinds
and
sundrie
formes
of
Comets
,
maye
you
learne
in
my
booke
of
the
Myrrour
of
time
,
with
other
profitable
matters
.
The
ende
,
effect
,
and
significations
of
Comets
.
THe
ende
of
Cometes
,
is
to
prepare
drought
,
the
Pestilence
,
hunger
,
battels
,
the
alteration
of
kingdomes
,
and
common
weales
,
and
the
traditions
of
men
.
Also
windes
,
earthquakes
,
dearth
,
land●louds
,
and
great
heate
to
follow
.
The
sayde
Comets
portende
,
both
many
other
harmes
,
and
that
mightie
to
men
.
2
A
Comet
is
the
note
of
a
great
drougth
in
that
a
meane
heate
cannot
resolue
such
●
matter
out
of
the
earth
,
and
draine
th●
same
vp
.
3
The
second
effect
of
a
Comet
is
barrennesse
of
the
earth
,
hunger
,
and
the
dearth
of
vittayles
,
in
that
the
earth
is
caused
barren
through
much
drougth
,
and
lack
of
moysture
,
for
drougth
is
as
the
stepmother
vnto
all
fruites
,
and
corne
of
the
earth●
but
moysture
is
the
apt
mother
vnto
all
fruites
,
and
crescent
things
on
the
earth
.
So
that
such
a
mightie
heat
,
doth
excéedinglye
drie
vp
the
earth
,
and
consumeth
the
moysture
in
plantes
,
and
trées
,
through
which
,
they
decay
,
and
heare
no
yéelde
,
no●store
of
fruite
.
Or
thus
.
A
Comet
doth
cause
harrennesse
of
the
earth
,
in
that
vnto
a
Comet
,
a
great
and
much
exhalation
is
required
,
by
whose
eleuation
from
the
earth
,
the
fatnesse
of
the
earth
is
so
drawne
vp
,
which
thus
eleuated
,
the
earth
after
becommeth
harren
of
yéeld
,
and
the
moysture
with
which
the
earth
ought
to
be
battened
,
is
then
through
the
ouermuch
drougth
vtterly
depriued
.
For
whiche
cause
,
a
Comet
is
the
fore
note
of
hunger
,
and
dearth
in
the
same
Realme
:
which
it
specially
beholdeth
or
stretcheth
the
tayle
towardes
,
and
from
whence
it
gathered
and
tooke
his
substance
.
4
Comets
doe
portend
the
murraine
of
beastes
,
in
that
the
ayre
ensuing
is
infected
and
euill
disposed
,
through
the
hote
,
grosse
,
and
clowdy
exhalations
:
which
when
beasts
draw
thereof
,
are
then
intoxicated
and
infected
,
and
so
die
.
Also
for
that
the
time
then
is
excéeding
hote
,
and
the
radicall
moysture
is
on
such
wise
drawne
vp
by
the
hote
aire
,
from
the
bodies
of
men
and
beastes
,
in
whom
the
naturall
moysture
is
placed
,
as
in
the
proper
seate
:
of
the
same
beastes
,
and
other
liuing
creatures
die
:
for
which
cause
,
it
is
the
minde
and
councell
of
the
learned
Phisitions
:
to
vse
in
the
same
time
,
moyst
and
colde
meates
,
wherby
the
radicall
moysture
may
so
be
increased
and
preserued
.
5
Comets
mooue
battels
and
seditions
,
and
alter
Emperies
,
and
kingdomes
:
for
that
in
the
time
of
a
Comet
,
are
many
exhalations
in
the
ayre
,
hote
&
drie
,
which
doe
drie
men
,
and
kindle
heat
in
them
,
by
which
they
are
lightly
prouoked
to
yre
:
after
which
yre
ensueth
variance
,
next
of
the
same
followeth
battell
,
and
after
battell
succéedeth
the
translation
or
alteration
of
gouernements
,
when
as
the
Emperie
ensueth
the
conquerour
.
6
Comets
do
portend
the
death
of
princes
,
kings
,
gouernors
,
&
other
Magistrates
of
a
common
weale
:
in
that
these
leade
a
more
daintie
life
,
and
féede
on
finer
meates
continuallye
,
through
which
they
sooner
be
infected
.
The
death
besides
of
princes
,
and
heade
gouernors
,
through
the
difference
of
many
,
is
of
worthier
report
and
fame
,
and
for
that
cause
more
obserued
.
To
these
I
adde
,
that
the
Choloricke
persons
are
then
vehementer
mooued
,
through
which
,
the
perturbations
or
troubles
of
mind
ensue
,
that
procure
seditions
and
battels
,
after
which
procéede
oftentimes
the
slaughter
of
many
,
and
death
of
princes
:
for
that
these
many
tymes
be
present
in
battailes
,
and
are
lightly
prouoked
to
yre
,
by
which
the
battell
ensueth
the
fiercer
:
and
on
such
wise
,
many
come
to
their
death
.
Macrobius
left
in
writing
,
that
the
death
of
Constantine
,
was
indicated
by
a
Bushie
starre
,
of
an
excéeding
bignesse
,
that
appeared
in
the
yeare
after
Christes
birth
.
304.
Sundrie
examples
of
Comets
.
THat
singuler
Philosopher
Augustinus
Niphus
writeth
,
that
after
the
appearing
of
a
Comet
,
in
the
yeare
1506.
there
followed
within
two
yeares
,
such
a
mightie
drougth
in
Lumbardie
,
that
from
Ianuary
vnto
the
moneth
of
Nouember
,
there
fell
no
raine
at
all
,
in
that
Countrie
.
In
the
yeare
of
our
Lorde
.
1165.
appeared
a
mightie
Comet
or
blasing
starre
in
Scotland
,
reaching
&
burning
out
with
two
most
long
beames
or
tayles
:
after
which
,
(
within
.xiiij.
dayes
)
Malcolmus
the
fourth
king
by
name
of
the
Scottes
,
dyed
a
mayden
,
as
the
Chronicle
reporteth
.
In
the
yeare
of
our
Lorde
.
1214.
in
the
moneth
of
March
,
appeared
two
fearefull
Comets
in
Scotland
,
the
one
going
before
the
Sunne
,
and
the
other
following
him
:
after
which
(
the
same
yeare
)
when
as
that
most
happie
and
good
king
William
had
reigned
.
49.
yeares
,
he
then
dyed
an
olde
man
.
In
the
yeare
,
1268.
there
appeared
a
Comet
of
a
maruellous
bignesse
about
the
noonestéede
,
which
was
séene
for
manye
dayes
togither
in
Scotlande
.
And
in
the
yeare
of
our
Lorde
.
1271.
after
:
and
in
the
ix
.
day
of
Ianuarie
,
there
arose
such
a
cruell
winde
,
and
mightie
tempest
withall
,
and
hayle
stones
of
such
a
bignesse
,
that
through
the
same
many
houses
in
Scotlande
were
throwne
down
,
&
burned
with
fire
,
through
the
windes
which
kindled
after
the
same
,
that
they
there
kept
in
their
houses
,
for
the
vse
of
fire
:
that
the
whole
Country
in
a
maner
,
was
wasted
by
the
fire
.
In
the
yeare
of
our
Lord.
1538
,
and
in
the
eightéene
day
of
Ianuarie
:
there
appeared
a
Comet
after
the
setting
of
the
Sunne
,
which
was
placed
in
the
signe
Pisces
,
and
the
tayle
looking
or
stretching
towarde
the
East
,
after
which
,
died
immediately
the
Duke
of
Saronie
.
In
the
yeare
of
our
Lorde
.
1539.
and
the
sixt
daye
of
the
moneth
of
Maye
,
appeared
a
Comet
in
the
signe
Taurus
,
not
farre
from
the
head
of
the
Dragon
,
which
indured
burning
,
for
thrée
wéekes
in
a
maner
:
after
which
died
Isabell
of
Portugall
,
the
wife
of
Charles
the
fift
Emperor
,
in
the
trauaile
of
childe
.
In
that
yeare
died
George
Duke
of
Saronie
,
of
an
olde
and
crude
rupture
:
before
whose
death
,
as
some
write
,
there
appeared
thrée
Comets
,
after
the
appearaunce
of
which
,
died
the
Duke
of
Cleaue
,
the
bishop
of
Trident
,
and
diuers
other
noble
persons
and
Capitaines
.
In
the
yeare
.
1540.
began
a
great
coniunction
of
Saturne
and
Mars
,
which
hapned
in
Cancer
:
after
which
followed
a
marueilous
drougth
,
aboue
many
sommers
before
,
so
that
hay
,
corne
,
and
all
kinde
of
pulses
,
became
very
scarce
.
And
this
drougth
folowed
rather
(
as
some
write
)
after
the
apperaunce
of
a
Comet
the
same
yeare
,
and
great
Eclips
of
the
Sunne
which
happened
the
seuenth
day
of
Aprill
,
whose
beginning
was
before
the
Sunne
rising
,
and
endured
in
this
Eclips
two
whole
houres
,
after
the
Sunne
was
risen
:
vppon
which
followed
at
Prage
(
a
noble
Citie
in
the
kingdome
of
Boheme
)
that
the
Castell
with
the
Cathedrall
Church
,
were
burned
with
fire
:
and
many
fearefull
fiers
hapned
often
,
in
sundrie
places
,
as
the
same
had
bene
by
a
diuine
punishment
from
heauen
.
And
a
Commotion
hapned
the
same
yeare
,
among
the
Citizens
of
Gaunt
,
which
Charles
the
fift
Emperour
stayed
by
hys
wisedome
.
Many
examples
more
of
Comets
,
might
here
be
vttered
,
which
for
breuitie
in
so
smal
a
treatise
omitted
,
and
the
rather
,
for
that
I
haue
at
large
written
of
them
,
and
other
weightie
matters
right
necessarye
,
in
my
booke
to
come
forth
,
named
the
Myrrour
of
tyme
.
Other
prodigious
tokens
.
IN
the
yeare
.
1542.
were
many
straunge
children
,
and
monstruous
beastes
séene
:
and
in
that
yeare
it
rayned
bloud
at
Sassen
burge
in
Germanie
.
And
in
Phriseland
that
yeare
,
arose
a
certaine
Prophet
,
named
George
Dauid
,
declaring
himselfe
to
bée
Gods
nere
kinsman
,
and
one
that
coulde
counterfaite
the
speach
of
beasts
,
and
birds
,
affirming
also
heauen
to
be
empty
,
and
many
other
blasphemies
he
vttered
besides
.
In
the
yeare
of
our
Lorde
.
1545.
and
in
the
seuenth
day
of
August
,
about
.xi.
of
the
clock
in
the
morning
,
happened
such
a
fearfull
tempest
at
Machlin
,
as
the
like
was
neuer
heard
of
:
for
a
mightie
thunder
came
,
which
shooke
the
earth
,
in
such
maner
,
that
the
people
of
that
Citie
,
thought
Doomes
day
at
hande
,
or
ruine
of
the
Citie
present
:
In
that
after
the
same
was
heard
,
a
horrible
cracke
in
the
cloudes
,
and
a
darcke
lightning
,
very
sore
stinking
of
Brimstone
hapned
,
which
so
feared
them
,
that
no●●e
knew●●
what
to
thinke
or
doe
,
nor
what
succéeded
of
the
same
(
saue
onely
such
,
which
the
tempest
had
striken
)
vntill
the
brute
and
noyse
ra●
in
the
Citie
,
that
the
lightning
had
smitte●●
the
Sandgate
,
in
which
lay
aboue
.viij.
hundreth
Barrelles
of
Gunpowder
,
whose
sodaine
bursting
forth
,
caused
such
a
mightie
confusion
in
the
Citie
,
that
no
man
euer
sawe
the
like
destruction
in
that
Countrie
:
for
the
Sandgate
was
blowne
vp
,
at
the
turning
of
a
hande
,
into
very
small
partes
:
and
not
onely
the
foundation
of
the
same
sorent
,
but
the
stones
of
the
walles
fast
by
,
likewise
blowne
vp
,
and
scattered
abrode
:
yea
,
the
pittes
,
&
welles
with
water
there
about
,
through
the
mightie
heate
of
the
powder
set
on
fire
,
were
sodenly
dryed
vp
.
And
on
the
next
morrow
folowing
,
vewing
the
harmes
about
the
Citie
,
there
were
found
about
the
compasse
of
the
scattering
of
the
Tower
,
of
dead
bodyes
,
vnto
the
number
of
thrée
hundred
:
and
halfe
a
hundred
grieuously
wounded
.
Besides
these
,
a
woman
minding
at
that
instaunt
,
to
that
the
leafe
wyndowes
of
hir
Hall
or
Parlour
,
for
the
great
feare
of
the
tempest
,
had
hir
head
pittifully
smitten
off
And
in
a
certaine
Inne
,
were
at
that
time
,
a
certaine
companye
playing
at
Cardes
,
which
altogither
were
founde
stricken
in
péeces
,
and
all
the
other
parsons
of
the
house
pyttifully
dead
,
except
the
good
wyfe
,
which
went
at
that
instaunt
,
to
drawe
drinke
for
them
,
in
a
déepe
seller
,
who
by
that
meanes
was
preserued
.
And
many
other
grieuous
sightes
happened
in
that
fearefull
tempest
.
To
conclude
,
the
Citie
was
maruellouslye
spoyled
thorow
out
,
and
no
Church
in
that
Citie
,
but
grieuously
shaken
with
this
tempest
,
yea
whole
stréetes
subuerted
.
In
the
yeare
of
our
Lorde
.
1547.
at
Heluetia
in
Germany
,
were
séene
in
the
ayre
,
two
hostes
of
men
of
warre
,
and
two
mightie
Lyons
gréeuously
and
terribly
fighting
togither
so
long
,
vntill
it
séemed
that
the
one
byt
of
the
others
head
quite
.
And
in
the
twelfe
day
of
Aprill
,
the
Sunne
appeared
at
after
noone
,
for
thrée
dayes
togyther
,
lyke
a
fyrie
Globe
,
in
such
manner
,
that
the
Starres
,
were
then
séene
:
after
which
,
folowed
a
grieuous
battle
,
betwéene
Charles
the
fift
Emperour
,
and
the
Duke
of
Saxonie
,
betwéene
Mulberge
,
and
Wyteberge
:
at
the
ende
of
which
battell
,
Iohn
Frederick
Electour
,
became
prisoner
vnto
the
Emperour
.
At
that
tyme
also
was
séene
in
another
place
,
in
a
cleare
day
,
a
whyte
Crosse
,
with
a
rodde
by
it
,
in
the
skie
.
In
the
yeare
of
our
Lorde
.
1548.
and
in
the
tenth
day
of
Februarie
,
was
séene
in
Saxonie
(
a
countrie
of
Germanie
)
a
fyre
from
heauen
,
that
fell
on
certaine
cities
.
Also
two
Hostes
of
men
of
warre
,
were
séene
in
Saxonie
in
the
ayre
,
running
and
skirmishing
togyther
,
and
dyuers
other
straunge
sightes
besides
,
were
séene
in
the
ayre
,
in
that
yeare
.
In
the
yeare
of
our
Lorde
.
1551.
and
in
the
.xiij.
day
of
Ianuary
,
arose
a
mightie
tempest
in
sundry
places
of
Germanie
,
with
many
showers
of
rayne
,
lightnings
,
and
thunders
,
in
so
much
that
the
men
of
that
countrie
,
thought
Domes
day
at
hande
,
yea
to
be
present
.
And
in
the
.xxviij.
daye
of
Ianuary
,
at
Lysebone
,
in
the
chiefe
citie
of
Portugall
,
appeared
a
bloudie
rodde
,
and
sundrie
fearefull
fyres
séene
in
the
aire
,
and
rayned
there
bloud
,
after
which
followed
such
a
fearefull
earthquake
,
that
about
two
hundred
houses
were
grieuously
shaken
&
throwne
downe
,
through
the
fall
of
which
,
about
a
thousand
persons
were
lamentably
slayne
.
And
in
the
.xxi.
day
of
March
,
at
Magdeburge
in
Germanie
,
about
seauen
of
the
clocke
in
the
morning
,
were
seauen
Raynebowes
,
and
thrée
Sunnes
séene
:
and
in
the
euening
(
the
same
day
)
thrée
Moones
,
of
which
the
first
,
and
perfiter
Moone
,
was
séene
towardes
the
citie
of
Magdeburge
:
but
the
second
as
bloudie
,
towardes
Pago
Desdorf
:
and
the
thirde
shyned
bloudie
,
towardes
the
newe
citie
(
so
named
)
in
Germanie
.
And
in
the
.xxj.
day
of
Aprill
,
appeared
agayne
at
Magdeburge
,
thrée
Sunnes
,
and
thrée
Rainebowes
:
after
which
,
by
the
commaundement
of
Charles
the
fift
Emperor
,
was
this
citie
besieged
,
by
the
Duke
of
Saxonie
,
and
Albert
of
Brandenburge
,
for
fiftene
Moneths
:
and
at
the
length
a
peace
concluded
,
by
wicked
conditions
.
For
after
the
peace
stablished
,
certayne
of
the
gouernours
and
Capitaines
drewe
togither
a
battle
against
Charles
Emperour
,
vpon
that
tytle
,
for
the
defence
of
the
Germayne
libertie
.
In
the
yeare
of
our
Lorde
.
1553.
was
heard
a
wofull
crye
,
saying
woe
,
woe
,
twise
togither
:
there
was
heard
also
the
sounde
of
Belles
,
and
the
noyse
of
Trumpets
:
and
the
same
tyme
there
happened
at
Duringia
,
that
the
trées
,
&
herbes
,
sweate
bloud
,
and
fearefull
noyses
heard
besides
,
sundrie
nightes
:
after
which
Mauricius
Duke
of
Saxonie
,
fought
in
battle
with
Albert
of
Brandenburge
,
at
which
season
Mauricius
smitten
with
the
pellet
of
a
Gunne
,
dyed
the
thirde
day
after
the
battle
.
In
the
yere
of
our
Lord.
1554.
and
in
the
first
day
of
Februarie
,
in
the
Citie
of
Cathalane
in
Fraunce
,
and
after
the
great
goodly
shewe
and
muster
of
souldiours
,
by
the
commaundement
of
the
French
king
:
there
appéered
a
maruellous
sight
,
about
the
Moone
,
like
vnto
a
great
fyre
,
arysing
from
the
East
part
,
and
stretching
,
or
declyning
toward
the
west
:
and
the
Moone
shewed
like
to
a
most
great
fyrebrande
:
and
this
fyre
in
the
ayre
,
burned
with
a
great
noyse
and
often
casting
forth
flames
,
and
sparkes
of
fire
,
in
the
lyke
maner
as
a
hote
burning
yroi●barre
,
beaten
on
an
handueale
by
a
Smith
.
The
.xxvj.
day
of
May
,
it
rayned
bloude
,
not
farre
from
the
towne
of
Dunckelspull
in
Germanie
.
And
there
were
séene
thrée
faire
Rainebowes
,
and
so
many
Sunnes
,
and
Moones
,
and
two
bloudie
crosses
.
In
another
place
also
were
séene
sixe
,
&
the
sunne
then
appéering
feareful
in
the
rising
,
as
one
daye
gréene
of
colour
,
another
day
blackish
or
swart
in
colour
,
the
third
morning
red
,
and
at
the
setting
bloudy
:
&
in
other
places
apéered
black
round
bodies
,
both
reddish
and
firie
of
colour
,
as
they
were
beating
the
sunne
,
and
séemed
fighting
with
him
:
and
it
rayned
besides
bloud
,
in
many
places
.
In
the
.xj.
day
of
Iune
,
fiue
Myles
from
Noriberge
in
Germanie
,
was
séene
in
the
sunne
,
a
bloudie
rodde
,
and
many
companies
of
horsemen
dashing
togither
in
the
ayre
:
which
so
contynued
for
two
howres
,
that
it
caused
men
greatly
to
feare
,
that
Domes
day
was
at
hand
:
after
which
died
the
same
yere
,
Frederick
Duke
of
Saxonie
:
&
after
the
same
,
was
a
notable
towne
in
Germanie
pittifully
wasted
by
fyre
.
In
the
yeare
of
our
Lorde
.
1555.
were
séene
in
the
citie
of
Duringia
,
thrée
sunnes
,
the
tenth
day
of
February
,
in
the
same
Duringia
,
was
a
gaping
open
of
the
earth
,
out
of
which
came
a
mightie
stinck
,
which
verie
much
molested
the
lookers
on
,
wyth
the
beating
paines
of
the
head
:
yet
certaine
further
examining
the
place
,
obserued
and
sawe
wythin
that
great
clift
,
straunge
formes
in
the
night
,
and
many
great
matters
besides
heard
.
At
Luneberge
,
was
séene
this
straunge
sight
in
the
ayre
,
a
great
company
of
Souldiars
:
at
the
right
hande
of
which
company
,
stoode
by
an
Aungell
holding
a
fyrie
sworde
in
his
hande
:
and
a
childe
was
there
in
presence
among
the
people
by
a
sodaine
meanes
,
who
did
earnestly
exhort
euery
one
,
to
harty
repentance
:
affirming
Gods
iudgement
at
hand
,
and
to
be
the
day
of
yre
,
and
the
day
of
calamitie
&
misery
,
and
that
the
same
to
be
a
verie
great
and
bitter
daye
:
when
he
had
thus
exhorted
the
people
,
he
vanished
sodainly
awaye
,
and
out
of
sight
:
so
that
no
man
after
,
could
tell
where
he
became
.
In
this
yeare
hapned
at
Duringia
,
the
harde
and
daungerous
birth
of
a
woman
who
had
a
sore
trauaile
in
the
birth
of
hir
childe
:
for
after
long
trauayles
,
the
chyld●
brast
forth
with
a
great
crack
and
noyse
and
deade
borne
:
after
which
issued
great
plentie
of
fyre
,
which
so
harmed
the
yongling
in
the
neather
partes
,
that
blisters
arose
on
the
skinne
,
so
bigge
swollen
,
as
an
Egge
in
sight
,
and
hir
owne
face
harmed
with
the
fyre
:
that
fyre
besides
issuing
forth
of
hir
body
,
infected
the
proper
place
,
with
a
Brimstony
stinck
.
In
the
Dukedome
of
Brunswike
,
was
a
marueylous
and
straunge
sight
,
marked
of
many
there
,
which
was
on
this
wise
.
A
certaine
husbandman
,
which
accustomed
daylie
to
go
vnto
the
wood
(
to
fetch
wood
home
)
and
drawing
néere
to
the
accustomed
place
of
the
wood
(
at
a
certaine
time
)
sawe
a
farre
off
,
a
great
companie
of
horsemen
,
which
séemed
to
come
ryding
in
great
haste
towarde
the
village
.
This
seing
,
the
husbandman
returned
for
the
great
feare
,
hastily
backward
againe
:
and
being
come
home
so
amased
,
was
demaunded
the
cause
of
hys
hastie
returning
,
who
answered
,
that
there
were
certaine
companies
of
horsemen
néere
the
towne
approched
:
but
from
whence
they
came
,
or
whether
they
would
,
he
could
not
say
:
therfore
greatly
to
be
doubted
(
said
he
)
that
these
newe
guestes
will
set
vpon
vs
in
the
night
time
.
Which
tale
so
amazed
the
elders
of
the
towne
,
that
for
the
great
feare
,
they
tooke
councell
togither
,
what
was
best
to
doe
in
the
matter
:
after
the
well
debating
on
the
fearefull
newes
,
they
issued
altogither
out
of
the
towne
,
to
knowe
and
vnderstande
further
the
intent
of
these
newe
guestes
,
what
they
were
,
from
whence
they
came
,
and
whether
they
purposed
to
go
:
and
being
thus
come
forth
togither
out
of
the
towne
,
founde
and
sawe
a
like
company
of
horsemen
(
as
the
husbande
man
had
before
reported
)
drawing
towards
them
,
which
séemed
to
their
sight
,
to
be
in
number
foure
hundred
horsemen
,
ryding
and
comming
towardes
them
in
due
order
:
after
which
,
they
sawe
the
fore
frunt
turned
,
and
readie
prest
to
fight
,
and
the
other
company
comming
ryding
a
farre
off
,
addressed
in
like
order
:
which
companies
thus
preparing
forwarde
to
come
togither
,
and
standing
yet
in
a
readinesse
to
fight
:
two
black
men
(
to
their
sight
)
alighted
from
their
horses
,
which
séemed
to
be
Captaines
:
and
eche
appéered
valyauntly
to
encourage
his
companye
to
fight
:
they
thus
boldened
to
fight
,
behelde
one
the
other
,
as
readie
prest
,
and
in
a
readinesse
:
after
which
,
the
two
Capitaynes
againe
lept
on
horseback
.
Whiles
these
two
companies
yet
stoode
in
a
readinesse
,
a
marueylous
darknesse
hastily
came
in
the
place
,
that
it
séemed
farre
in
the
night
:
by
which
these
husbandmen
perceyued
,
(
y
this
sight
of
the
horsemen
)
was
none
other
,
then
a
deuillish
illusion
,
or
méere
falsehood
of
spirites
.
In
the
bownds
of
Polonia
were
séene
a
marueylous
company
of
Dogs
,
barcking
,
and
fighting
togither
,
insomuch
that
manye
were
torne
in
that
broyle
to
péeces
.
After
which
folowed
,
great
warres
,
and
slaughter
:
betwéene
them
of
Polonia
,
and
the
Muscouites
.
In
Duringia
,
being
a
bright
day
,
there
appéered
in
the
ayre
,
a
bright
and
glittering
sworde
,
much
like
to
a
Fauchine
or
Turkie
blade
:
directing
the
point
toward
the
South
,
and
the
edge
toward
the
East
.
And
in
Cleuelande
,
fell
so
great
aboundance
of
fyre
from
heauen
into
the
Rhene
,
that
the
Riuer
began
to
swell
,
as
though
it
had
boyled
.
In
the
yeare
of
our
Lorde
.
1557.
and
in
the
ninth
daye
of
March
:
there
were
séene
thrée
sunnes
,
and
a
verie
faire
Rainebow
.
In
the
.xvij.
daye
of
March
,
there
fell
fyre
from
heauen
:
and
in
an
other
place
,
a
fyrie
Globe
was
séene
:
it
rayned
also
bloud
,
and
lumpes
of
bloud
,
vnto
the
bignesse
of
ones
hande
,
dropped
from
heauen
,
vnto
the
sight
of
many
:
and
in
all
the
drops
were
séene
,
like
to
mens
faces
.
And
on
saint
Laurence
daye
,
the
Sunne
appeared
wholy
bloudy
:
after
which
,
the
French
king
fought
a
great
battaile
,
with
Philip
king
of
Spaine
,
and
after
that
,
S.
Quintins
taken
by
king
Philip.
In
the
yeare
of
our
Lorde
.
1558.
appeared
a
Comete
verie
fearefull
,
which
continued
burning
manye
wéekes
:
after
which
,
was
séene
a
straunge
sight
,
fearefull
to
beholde
.
For
in
the
.xxj.
day
of
August
,
the
day
being
cleare
and
caulme
weather
,
and
sufficient
temperate
,
two
houres
before
noone
,
and
a
quarter
:
the
Sunne
very
cleare
shyning
,
was
then
séene
inclosed
about
,
with
a
great
circle
,
which
appéered
of
many
colours
,
like
to
the
Rainebow
,
and
continued
in
like
condition
,
for
foure
howers
,
and
a
halfe
,
vnto
the
great
feare
,
and
amazement
of
all
such
,
which
regarded
the
same
sight
:
for
it
is
written
,
that
such
straunge
sightes
,
haue
in
times
past
béene
séene
,
which
alwayes
were
foreshewers
of
fearefull
daungers
at
hande
:
as
appéered
by
the
same
,
which
Plutarche
writeth
,
that
such
a
fearefull
sight
foreshewed
the
death
of
the
mightie
Cesar
,
and
the
great
scarcitie
and
dearth
of
all
fruites
of
the
earth
,
that
insued
the
same
yere
:
and
euen
the
like
hapned
,
when
Octauius
abode
at
Rome
,
that
the
Sunne
was
compassed
with
suche
a
cyrcle
,
after
which
often
commosions
and
tumults
,
&
the
lamentable
harmes
of
lyghtnings
ensued
.
Such
a
Rainebow
also
appéered
timely
in
the
morning
about
the
Sunne
,
in
the
sixt
Calendes
of
February
,
&
in
the
yere
of
our
Lorde
.
1074.
after
which
folowed
the
great
conspiracie
of
Princes
,
against
Henry
the
fourth
of
the
name
,
Emperor
of
the
Germains
.
In
the
yeare
of
our
Lorde
.
1107.
a
lyke
cyrcle
about
the
Sunne
was
séene
:
after
which
insued
,
the
great
dissention
among
christian
Princes
.
In
the
yere
also
of
our
Lord.
1157.
on
the
thirde
Calendes
of
Iune
,
about
noone
,
such
a
straunge
shew
was
séene
:
after
which
,
the
euersion
or
destruction
of
many
cities
,
&
the
scarcitie
of
fruites
of
the
earth
,
through
the
great
distemperance
of
the
ayre
insued
.
Many
cities
also
were
pittifully
burned
in
Suetia
,
after
the
appearance
of
such
a
sight
,
hapning
in
the
yeare
of
our
Lord.
1322.
In
the
yere
of
our
Sauiour
Christ
.
1387.
such
a
cyrcle
about
the
Sunne
,
foreshewed
battayles
,
hunger
,
fyres
,
and
pittifull
landfloodes
.
A
like
cyrcle
to
Halo
appéered
,
before
the
battayle
with
the
Turks
,
in
the
yere
.
1532.
by
which
is
manifest
,
that
such
sightes
are
foreshewers
of
euils
to
come
.
In
the
yeare
of
our
Lorde
.
1559.
with
the
great
tempest
risen
at
Fryburge
,
certaine
fyrie
Globes
fell
out
of
the
clowds
not
farre
from
the
Citie
,
&
much
or
often
lightnings
with
thunder
,
which
lamentably
burnt
the
grasse
,
hops
,
herbes
,
and
leaues
of
trées
:
the
tempest
increased
,
a
hande
was
séene
stretched
in
the
aire
,
for
an
hower
in
a
maner
,
which
at
length
by
drawing
and
folding
the
fingers
togither
(
in
grinding
it selfe
)
was
turned
into
powder
,
which
powder
falling
to
the
earth
,
vanished
away
.
In
the
yeare
.
1560.
waters
brake
in
,
and
ouer
ranne
much
grounde
,
in
sundrie
places
,
to
the
great
hurt
and
losses
of
manye
men
,
in
that
their
closes
and
Medowes
were
much
harmed
,
with
the
clamminesse
of
the
waters
bursting
in
.
The
same
yeare
dyed
that
singular
,
learned
,
and
godly
man
(
worthy
memorie
)
Philip
Melanchtone
,
who
lefte
behinde
hym
these
comfortable
verses
,
that
he
made
a
little
before
the
agonie
of
death
,
which
he
still
repeated
,
vntill
life
left
him
.
Cur
mortem
metuam
:
mors
non
est
,
mortis
imago
est
.
Sed
merito
vitor
Christe
benigne
tuo
.
Vermis
adhuc
spiro
moriturus
forte
sub
horam
Mors
etenim
certa
est
,
funeris
hora
later
.
Ergo
Gnate
Dei
iam
me
tibi
porrigo
totum
,
Viuam
seu
moriar
,
sanguine
viuo
tuo
.
In
the
yeare
of
mans
redemption
.
1561.
manye
Gunnes
through
Germanie
were
séene
in
the
ayre
,
shooting
of
pellets
into
the
Sunne
.
In
the
.xvij.
daye
of
December
,
fower
sunnes
were
séene
in
the
East
,
casting
forth
gréene
roddes
on
euerie
side
,
to
the
great
feare
and
amazement
of
the
beholders
.
Heauen
séemed
to
burne
,
&
a
fyrie
Globe
shyned
from
the
North
part
,
with
a
mighty
light
in
heauen
.
In
the
kingdome
of
Naples
,
were
fiue
Castels
,
and
a
Byshoprick
suncke
with
an
Earthquake
,
and
a
water
nauigable
vanished
the
whole
,
in
such
maner
,
that
no
monument
or
part
at
all
is
left
to
be
séene
:
yea
a
whole
citie
so
sunck
into
the
earth
,
that
no
perseuerance
of
it
at
all
remayning
at
this
day
.
From
the
.xvj.
vnto
the
.xviij.
day
of
Nouember
,
the
riuer
Tyber
cast
vp
a
mighty
number
of
dead
fishes
.
In
the
yeare
of
our
Lorde
.
1562.
Heauen
séemed
to
burne
,
to
the
sight
of
much
people
,
in
many
places
of
Germany
.
And
a
celestiall
fyrehrande
stretched
from
the
North
into
the
South
,
shyned
by
night
in
heauen
.
A
mightie
company
of
armed
men
or
souldiours
,
were
séene
in
the
ayre
,
which
as
some
affirme
,
séemed
in
the
ayre
to
shed
downe
much
bloude
from
heauen
.
And
the
Sunne
in
the
Moneth
of
Aprill
,
séene
marueylous
bloudy
,
as
well
at
the
rysing
,
as
at
the
setting
,
for
thrée
dayes
togither
.
The
ymage
also
of
our
Redéemer
crucified
,
was
séene
sprinckled
all
ouer
with
bloud
,
in
the
Moneth
of
Aprill
.
Whilst
the
mightie
Emperour
Ferdinandus
kept
his
royall
Court
at
Prage
,
the
chiefe
citie
in
Bohemia
,
it
hapned
that
Peason
were
miraculously
chaunged
into
stones
,
after
this
manner
.
A
certaine
husbandman
,
had
brought
certaine
sackes
of
Peason
to
the
citie
,
to
be
solde
:
to
whom
a
Citizen
for
the
penurie
of
victuals
came
,
and
required
him
to
sell
better
cheape
,
then
he
had
accustomed
to
doe
:
who
that
was
a
cruell
and
couetous
man
,
prayed
to
God
,
that
his
Peason
rather
might
be
chaunged
into
stones
,
then
he
woulde
sell
them
one
mite
better
cheape
:
incontinent
after
the
Citizen
departing
from
him
,
the
Peason
were
al
miraculously
chaunged
into
stones
:
a
marueylous
spectacle
in
déede
of
Gods
wrath
and
due
punishment
,
for
his
canckred
and
wicked
stomack
.
To
conclude
,
we
may
by
these
fearefull
,
wonderous
,
and
straunge
sightes
,
as
well
on
earth
,
as
in
the
ayre
,
learne
that
God
by
them
doth
marueylously
foreshewe
,
his
blessed
will
,
and
condigne
punishment
,
for
the
sinnes
of
the
people
:
and
that
in
such
sort
to
declare
,
the
calamities
to
come
vpon
vs
:
by
shewing
aforehande
,
such
straunge
sightes
,
and
fearefull
threatnings
in
the
ayre
:
vnto
the
admonishment
of
vs
,
for
the
correcting
of
sinne
,
if
by
these
and
such
lyke
,
we
wyll
be
warned
at
all
.
Of
the
maruellous
nature
of
Welles
,
Riuers
,
Lakes
,
and
waters
:
to
which
the
Phisitions
denie
,
a
reason
to
be
assigned
.
DIuers
are
the
natures
,
and
miracles
of
Welles
,
Ryuers
,
Lakes
,
and
waters
:
the
cause
of
which
,
is
eyther
hid
wholy
from
vs
,
or
in
search
verie
harde
to
be
vnderstanded
:
as
by
Examples
here
vnder
,
shall
plainer
appéere
.
1.
First
there
is
a
swéete
running
ryuer
in
the
Countrie
of
Italie
:
which
by
his
propertie
,
causeth
the
Oxen
drinking
thereof
,
to
become
through
whyte
of
heare
,
all
the
body
ouer
.
Propert.
lib.
3.
2.
In
Boetia
,
there
is
a
ryuer
named
Melas
,
being
of
such
a
propertie
,
that
shéepe
drinking
of
the
water
of
that
ryuer
,
chaunge
and
beare
after
black
woole
.
3.
Seneca
wryteth
of
a
Well
,
of
such
a
propertie
,
that
what
person
drinketh
thereof
,
the
heare
of
the
head
shall
after
become
yealow
of
colour
.
4.
In
Libia
there
is
a
Well
,
which
at
the
rysing
,
and
setting
of
the
Sunne
,
is
founde
hote
:
but
at
noone
this
Well
,
is
tried
most
colde
,
and
at
midnight
verie
hote
.
5.
Seneca
wryteth
of
certayne
Welles
,
being
of
straunge
properties
:
of
which
the
one
and
first
,
is
a
Well
of
such
a
propertie
,
that
who
drinketh
of
the
same
,
doth
dye
through
the
mightie
poysoning
thereof
.
The
other
is
a
Well
of
such
a
propertie
,
that
throwing
péeces
of
woode
into
the
same
Well
,
they
after
were
turned
into
stones
.
He
wryteth
of
an
other
Well
,
being
of
such
a
propertie
,
that
what
persons
drink
of
the
water
of
the
same
,
shall
after
become
starke
mad
.
An
other
Well
there
is
,
of
suche
a
propertie
,
that
what
parsons
drinke
thereof
,
it
giueth
them
memorie
.
He
witnesseth
also
of
an
other
Well
,
of
such
a
condition
,
that
by
drinking
therof
,
it
procureth
forgetfulnesse
.
6.
There
is
another
Well
of
such
a
nature
,
that
what
persons
drinke
thereof
,
become
soone
after
frantick
.
7.
An
other
Well
there
is
,
of
a
maruelous
propertie
,
that
what
persons
drinke
of
the
water
,
it
sodainely
moueth
and
stirreth
forward
,
the
lust
of
the
body
:
of
which
condition
,
the
Well
of
Salmacis
in
Caria
,
is
misreported
to
be
:
the
causes
of
which
are
the
Herbes
,
Stones
,
and
Mynes
,
by
which
these
passe
:
in
which
such
a
hid
propertie
procured
,
of
so
marueylous
effects
,
consisteth
.
8.
In
Egypt
,
there
is
a
Well
of
such
a
propertie
,
that
quencheth
light
fyrebrands
in
the
same
(
as
reporteth
Augustus
)
they
forthwith
are
put
forth
:
and
those
quenched
,
are
by
the
water
of
the
same
well
kindled
.
9.
With
the
black
Moores
(
named
Garamantes
)
is
a
Well
of
suche
condition
,
which
in
the
daye
time
is
knowne
to
bée
so
colde
,
that
no
person
can
drinke
therof
:
and
in
the
night
time
,
it
is
founde
so
hot
,
that
no
creature
is
able
to
beare
or
abide
the
heat
o●
the
same
.
10.
In
a
certaine
learned
worke
of
Cos●mographye
,
is
reported
,
that
in
the
Countrie
of
Sicilia
,
was
in
time
past
a
Well
of
such
a
nature
:
of
which
when
Théeues
o●
robbers
had
dronke
,
they
immediatly
became
blinde
.
11
In
Idumea
a
region
in
Siria
,
ioy●ning
to
Egypt
,
was
a
Well
in
tyme
past●
of
such
a
propertie
,
that
would
for
thrée
Moneths
togither
appeare
troubled
,
other
thrée
Moneths
founde
bloudie
,
other
thrée
Moneths
séene
gréene
,
and
other
thrée
Moneths
knowne
and
tryed
cléere
.
10.
There
was
a
Well
knowne
,
of
such
condition
,
that
for
sixe
howres
the
same
was
found
full
of
water
,
and
running
ouer
,
and
other
sixe
howres
séene
quite
empty
and
dry
:
the
cause
of
which
(
as
Seneca
wytnesseth
)
is
the
proportion
of
the
vapour
eleuating
the
waters
:
and
the
ebbing
and
flowing
also
of
the
Sea
neare
by
.
11.
In
the
hill
named
Anthracius
,
is
a
Well
reported
to
be
,
which
is
noted
of
such
a
propertie
:
that
when
the
same
is
found
full
of
water
to
the
brim
,
that
then
it
pronounceth
a
firtill
yere
to
insue
:
but
when
the
same
Well
is
séene
verie
lowe
,
and
in
a
maner
emptie
of
water
,
then
foloweth
a
dearth
the
same
yeare
.
12
In
Hungarie
,
is
a
certaine
little
riuer
or
brooke
affirmed
to
be
,
which
is
noted
of
such
a
propertie
,
that
who
casteth
yron
into
the
same
,
it
will
in
short
tyme
after
be
chaunged
into
Copper
.
13.
Seneca
affirmeth
,
that
such
a
propertie
to
be
in
certaine
ryuers
,
which
alter
flockes
of
shéepe
by
drinking
thereof
,
within
a
short
time
,
in
causing
those
which
before
bare
a
black
woole
,
to
possesse
a
whyte
,
and
that
those
which
came
thither
with
a
whyte
woole
,
departed
after
with
a
black
woole
on
their
backes
.
14.
Theophrastus
reporteth
,
that
in
Macedonia
to
be
a
ryuer
of
such
condition
,
vnto
which
,
those
which
be
minded
to
haue
their
shéepe
beare
a
white
woole
,
bring
them
to
that
ryuer
,
which
by
that
reason
,
the
longer
the
shéepe
drinke
thereof
,
none
otherwise
,
than
as
they
were
infected
,
are
they
after
chaunged
.
15.
Capadocia
is
a
aryuer
of
such
a
propertie
,
that
what
beastes
drinke
sundrie
times
of
the
water
,
the
heares
of
their
skirt
,
become
wholy
whyte
.
16.
In
Archadia
(
as
Vitruuius
reporteth
)
is
a
water
named
Nonacris
,
which
is
founde
on
the
hilles
,
sweating
or
distilling
most
colde
humours
out
of
the
rocke
stone
,
this
water
gathered
,
is
named
also
Stygis
hydor
,
which
(
as
by
experience
the
same
is
founde
)
neyther
a
Siluer
nor
Copper
,
nor
yron
vessell
can
retayne
the
same
,
but
that
this
leaketh
and
soketh
through
it
,
so
that
for
his
straunge
qualitie
it
is
founde
by
triall
,
that
none
other
vessell
will
retaine
or
kéepe
the
same
water
,
sauing
the
hoofe
of
a
Mule.
17.
In
the
Countrie
of
Sclauonie
,
is
a
Well
knowne
to
be
of
such
a
propertie
,
that
clothes
spreade
ouer
the
Well
(
being
as
some
report
most
colde
)
are
burned
.
18.
In
the
Iland
named
Andro
,
and
in
the
temple
of
Liberi
patris
,
is
a
Well
of
such
a
propertie
,
that
out
of
the
same
in
the
Nonis
of
Ianuary
,
runneth
water
lyke
to
Wine
in
taste
.
19.
In
the
hill
named
Berosus
Taurorum
,
be
thrée
Welles
of
such
condition
,
which
are
without
remedie
,
and
without
paine
of
deadly
griefe
.
20.
Isydore
affirmeth
in
his
.xiij.
Booke
,
that
in
Italie
is
the
Well
of
Cycero
,
being
of
such
a
propertie
,
that
it
healeth
the
clefts
and
chaps
,
or
other
hurts
of
the
eyes
.
21.
In
the
Iland
named
Chio
,
is
there
a
Well
of
such
condition
,
that
the
persons
drinking
of
the
water
of
the
same
,
become
soone
after
,
dull
of
memorie
.
And
the
Well
of
Circus
,
is
noted
to
be
of
such
a
propertie
,
that
such
drinking
thereof
,
are
after
bereft
of
the
desire
,
of
the
veneriall
act
,
as
certaine
wryte
.
22.
In
Aethiopia
there
is
a
Well
red
,
the
propertie
of
which
,
is
,
that
who
drinketh
of
the
same
,
shall
soone
after
become
madde
.
23.
In
Archadia
there
is
a
Well
named
Lechnus
,
the
propertie
of
which
is
knowne
to
be
,
that
what
person
o●
woman
with
childe
shall
drinke
of
the
same
,
shall
not
after
be
delyuered
before
hir
tyme
.
24.
In
the
Countrie
of
Sicilia
,
are
two
Welles
,
of
which
the
one
by
propertie
doth
make
fruitfull
,
the
barraine
:
and
the
other
causeth
the
fruitfull
barraine
:
and
these
by
sundry
times
drinking
of
eyther
.
25.
In
the
Iland
named
Sardinia
,
are
hote
Welles
of
that
propertie
,
which
perfitely
helpe
the
eyes
:
yet
doe
those
trie
out
Théeues
,
in
that
their
faces
be
bewrayed
,
through
a
blindnesse
,
caused
by
them
.
26.
It
is
manifest
(
sayth
Seneca
)
in
his
booke
of
the
properties
of
things
:
that
common
Welles
there
be
,
of
such
propertie
,
which
chaunge
péeces
of
woode
into
a
ston●
substaunce
:
and
of
such
stones
(
by
report●
are
the
best
whetstones
made
.
27.
In
the
ryuer
of
the
Countrye
of
Thrace
,
and
in
the
Lake
Velino
,
it
is
reported
,
that
wood
throwne
into
eyther
,
is
soone
after
couered
with
a
stonie
barck
.
28.
Plynie
wryteth
,
that
in
the
ryuer
of
Silarus
,
being
a
ryuer
of
Lucania
,
not
only
the
braunches
of
trées
,
but
the
leaues
also
throwne
into
it
,
are
chaunged
into
stones
:
but
otherwise
,
is
the
water
wholesome
to
be
drunke
.
29.
In
the
Iland
named
Pontus
,
there
is
a
riuer
that
watereth
the
fertill
groundes
;
in
which
the
shéepe
féeding
,
doe
yéelde
and
féede
the
people
there
,
with
a
black
milke
.
30.
In
Aethiopia
is
a
Lake
,
in
which
bodyes
rubbed
ouer
with
it
,
shine
as
they
were
done
with
Oyle
.
31.
Of
Clitorio
(
being
a
Lake
in
Italie
)
is
such
a
propertie
knowne
,
that
what
persons
drinke
of
the
water
of
the
Lake
,
abhorre
wine
after
,
by
report
.
32.
In
Cappadocia
(
as
reporteth
Vitruuius
)
there
is
a
Lake
,
into
which
,
if
part
of
a
réede
shall
be
put
,
and
the
next
day
taken
forth
,
shall
be
founde
so
harde
as
a
stone
,
but
the
other
part
remayning
without
the
water
of
the
Lake
,
contynuing
in
his
proper
estate
and
condition
.
33.
Seneca
in
his
seauenth
booke
wryteth
,
that
there
be
certaine
Lakes
,
of
such
condition
,
which
are
able
to
beare
vp
men
,
not
skilfull
in
swymming
.
34.
In
Syria
also
is
there
a
standing
water
,
into
which
if
Tyles
be
throwne
,
they
doe
not
sinke
,
but
rather
swim
aboue
,
although
they
be
heauier
.
35.
The
Rhene
Belgas
,
deuideth
it selfe
from
the
Germaines
,
and
marueylous
is
the
same
,
which
is
reported
to
be
wrytten
of
this
ryuer
:
for
they
affirme
(
of
the
due
proofe
made
)
that
the
Infants
of
the
French
women
(
named
Celtoe
)
dwelling
fast
by
this
ryuer
,
throwne
into
it
,
if
so
be
those
yonglings
were
vnlawfully
gotten
,
thys
ryuer
then
would
swalowe
and
let
them
sincke
,
as
a
due
reuengement
,
for
the
polluting
of
the
chaste
bed
:
but
such
Infantes
in
wedlock
gotten
,
and
by
lawfull
order
,
thys
bare
to
shore
in
safetie
,
to
the
wonder
of
the
beholders
:
This
is
reported
to
be
written
,
in
a
certaine
Epistle
of
Politianus
,
vnto
Iacobe
Cardynall
.
36.
There
is
a
ryuer
in
Seythia
,
running
from
a
great
Maryse
:
which
bringeth
forth
certaine
huskes
,
greater
than
anye
common
kernell
,
out
of
which
doe
byrdes
with
foure
féete
issue
or
he
hatched
,
which
increasing
and
waxing
strong
,
doe
flie
about
vntill
the
after
noone
:
for
after
the
sunne
declyning
lowe
into
the
West
,
these
byrdes
then
Waxe
leane
and
féeble
,
and
after
the
Sunne
setting
,
are
they
all
dead
,
so
that
these
by
due
proofe
are
knowne
,
not
to
lyue
aboue
a
day
.
37.
The
ryuer
Matronas
Celtas
,
deuydeth
it selfe
from
that
riuer
Belgas
:
which
for
the
straunge
propertie
,
greatly
to
be
wondred
at
,
in
that
the
common
sort
affirme
,
that
this
riuer
to
be
as
a
destinie
,
or
mighty
hazarde
of
lyfe
to
manye
,
for
so
much
thys
ryuer
daylie
purchaseth
to
it
some
pray
,
as
hath
bene
noted
of
a
long
tyme
,
by
those
dwelling
fast
by
.
38.
In
the
Mountaynes
of
Modena
in
Lumbardie
,
in
a
place
named
Mount
Zibbius
,
is
there
a
Well
,
out
of
which
runneth
a
lyuely
and
singuler
water
,
in
thys
doe
men
(
at
this
day
)
gather
a
mightie
quantitie
of
Oyle
,
which
is
knowne
of
many
to
be
of
a
miraculous
vertue
,
in
that
the
same
worketh
so
maruailous
effects
on
mans
bodye
,
as
in
healing
al
aches
,
the
most
griefes
and
diseases
of
the
body
:
and
in
the
healing
also
of
woundes
and
sores
,
not
inferiour
to
the
artificiall
Baulme
:
this
of
most
men
named
the
true
Oyle
of
Peter
.
39.
In
the
Countrie
of
Burgony
,
there
is
a
certaine
burning
Lake
:
in
which
if
a
flaming
or
burning
fyrebrande
be
quenched
,
the
same
immediately
goeth
out
,
or
is
quenched
,
through
the
moysture
consisting
in
it
:
and
a
fyrebrand
readie
quenched
,
dipped
in
this
,
doth
immediatly
kindle
&
burne
,
through
the
fierie
Brimstonie
heate
,
consisting
also
in
it
,
which
is
found
hote
,
and
dry
,
in
the
fourth
degrée
.
40.
There
be
certaine
waters
knowne
at
this
day
,
which
haue
the
taste
of
Wine
:
in
that
they
runne
by
some
swéete
iuyce
in
the
earth
.
As
by
a
like
in
Paphlagonia
,
is
reported
to
be
a
Well
of
a
wynie
taste
:
which
causeth
the
persons
drinking
of
the
water
,
to
become
soone
after
dronke
.
The
cause
of
which
dronkennesse
is
,
that
the
same
containeth
much
of
the
spirites
,
of
the
Brimstonie
passages
,
which
on
such
wise
fill
the
braine
of
the
creatures
with
sumes
▪
And
a
like
to
this
is
reported
,
that
the
ryue●
Lincestius
,
to
haue
waters
comming
to
it
of
such
a
propertie
,
that
they
make
persons
dronke
,
euen
like
Wine
.
41.
In
the
Countrie
of
Boëmia
,
is
a
Well
of
sharpe
tast
,
neare
that
Citie
which
they
name
Bilen
,
the
water
of
which
(
the
inhabiters
thereabout
)
vse
in
the
morning
,
in
the
stéede
of
burning
Wyne
,
or
Aqua
vitae
.
42.
Aristotle
also
wryteth
,
that
in
the
Countrie
of
Sicilia
,
to
be
a
soower
Well
,
which
the
poore
people
vse
,
in
the
stéede
of
Vinigar
:
as
others
wytnesse
,
of
the
same
.
43.
In
Scythia
also
some
report
,
that
there
to
be
a
bitter
Well
,
the
water
of
which
running
into
the
ryuer
,
not
farre
distaunte
,
causeth
it
to
taste
bitter
.
44.
Certaine
Welles
and
riuers
there
be
,
excéeding
hote
,
especiallye
those
which
issue
and
runne
out
,
by
Brimstonie
veynes
of
the
earth
,
and
other
hote
places
:
the
waters
of
which
,
are
much
pierceing
and
drying
,
by
reason
of
the
propertie
:
through
which
these
profite
,
vnto
the
drying
vp
of
corrupt
and
rotten
humours
,
in
diseased
bodies
.
And
such
hote
or
bathwaters
,
are
at
certaine
times
dronke
:
that
they
may
supply
euacuations
and
clensings
of
the
body
,
and
reduce
it
vnto
a
suit
temperatnesse
.
Of
certaine
fyerie
impressions
,
and
first
of
the
same
,
named
of
most
men
,
the
foolish
fyre
.
THe
light
going
before
,
and
folowing
after
men
in
the
ayre
,
especially
in
the
night
,
doe
later
wryters
report
to
be
the
foolishe
fyre
,
in
that
the
same
often
appéereth
to
saylers
,
and
men
traueyling
by
lande
,
as
eyther
going
before
,
or
following
them
,
and
maketh
a
man
a
foole
,
by
seducing
him
.
This
light
also
is
named
Helena
,
when
it
(
as
one
Candle
)
is
séene
or
appeareth
alone
:
which
besids
is
reported
to
be
the
fyrebrand
and
pestilence
of
Saylers
:
For
as
Helena
brought
destruction
on
Asia
and
Greece
,
euen
so
hath
it
bene
obserued
,
that
when
this
light
hath
bene
séene
alone
,
to
haue
caused
great
daunger
to
saylers
.
Yet
such
fyres
oftentimes
,
are
but
fantasticall
sightes
,
and
méere
illusions
of
spirites
,
as
the
Author
prooueth
,
by
sundry
reasons
.
And
this
is
not
named
the
foolishe
fyre
,
of
the
burning
onely
,
but
for
the
longer
continuing
,
going
before
,
and
folowing
any
person
in
the
ayre
.
For
those
two
Candels
or
lightes
,
are
often
tymes
séene
to
go
before
,
or
to
follow
men
,
walking
or
ryding
,
especially
in
the
night
,
and
such
trauayling
on
the
Sea
,
not
without
some
terrour
or
feare
.
The
foolishe
fyre
is
ingendred
of
a
vapour
conglutinated
or
compact
togither
in
hys
partes
,
which
then
are
kindled
:
so
that
not
of
the
clowde
méeting
it
,
but
of
the
vehement
beating
or
smyting
togyther
of
the
partes
in
themselues
.
And
these
two
Castor
and
Pollux
be
ingendred
in
the
lowest
region
of
the
ayre
,
of
a
fatter
fume
,
vnctuous
and
inflammable
:
which
through
the
coldnesse
of
the
night
ayre
,
is
so
dryuen
togither
&
thickned
.
The
place
where
the
foolishe
fyre
,
doth
appéere
:
is
knowne
to
be
oftner
(
by
the
report
of
wryters
)
in
hote
places
,
and
Countries
.
Yet
some
agrée
that
this
light
,
is
oftner
séene
in
moyst
places
,
and
regions
.
In
that
out
of
Marishe
,
and
fumous
places
,
or
out
of
a
clammy
grounde
,
the
thick
and
fat
exhalation
is
eleuated
,
being
soone
kindled
:
and
according
to
the
proportion
of
the
heat
,
doth
it
ascende
eyther
more
or
lesse
.
Or
thus
,
out
of
a
clammye
earth
,
as
in
Churchyardes
,
Kitchines
and
low
valleys
,
the
thicke
and
fatte
substaunce
is
eleuated
,
which
may
soone
be
kindled
:
and
according
to
the
proportion
of
the
heate
,
doth
this
eyther
more
or
lesse
ascende
.
The
substaunce
is
kindled
,
through
the
concourse
of
two
contrarie
qualities
,
which
contende
in
themselues
:
for
the
vapour
is
hote
,
and
the
night
ayre
colde
.
The
reason
also
why
this
light
,
doth
both
folow
,
and
flie
from
men
,
is
through
the
motion
of
the
ayre
,
which
by
the
walking
or
running
is
forced
.
So
that
the
faster
the
man
runneth
towarde
it
,
so
much
the
faster
both
the
same
impression
flie
from
him
:
but
if
he
runneth
from
it
,
then
doth
it
follow
him
:
in
that
the
ayre
moued
,
doth
force
the
same
substaunce
.
An
Hystoricall
example
of
this
Meteorum
,
may
a
man
read
in
Plutarchus
,
which
he
affirmeth
in
the
life
of
Lysander
.
The
cause
of
Castor
and
Pollux
,
and
where
these
engendred
.
THese
two
Castor
and
Pollux
,
appéers
like
a
double
fyre
,
in
forme
of
two
burning
Candels
,
caused
of
the
exhalation
,
or
fatter
vapour
and
vnctuous
,
raysed
vnto
the
lowest
region
of
the
ayre
in
the
night
,
which
contending
with
the
night
colde
,
is
so
kindled
,
that
cleaueth
sometimes
to
the
crosse
yardes
of
shippēs
,
and
continuing
so
long
burning
,
through
the
thicknesse
and
fatnesse
of
it
,
vntill
the
substaunce
shall
be
spent
.
And
by
a
peculiar
and
vayne
superstition
,
the
people
in
auncient
time
,
supposed
and
ascribed
Castor
and
Pollux
,
to
be
the
brethren
of
Helena
:
in
that
when
the
Saylers
and
Maryners
had
obserued
these
sitting
on
both
the
crosse
yardes
,
they
supposed
and
hoped
that
a
more
happie
course
and
fortunate
successe
of
the
ship
to
insue
,
through
the
help
(
as
they
thought
)
of
the
two
brethren
,
which
they
beléeued
to
delyuer
them
from
perill
,
and
hazard
of
perishing
,
and
for
the
same
accompted
them
among
the
number
of
the
Gods.
So
that
these
two
appearing
togither
,
were
euermore
foreshewers
of
a
safe
and
prosperous
course
of
the
ship
:
in
that
by
the
comming
of
them
,
they
supposed
that
other
threatning
impression
appéering
alone
(
named
Helena
)
to
be
driuen
awaye
.
And
for
the
same
,
they
assigned
that
power
to
Castor
and
Pollux
:
and
named
them
,
the
Gods
of
the
Sea
.
For
that
impression
appéering
alone
,
is
knowne
to
threaten
euermore
daunger
:
in
that
the
exhalation
as
yet
compact
,
can
not
immediatly
be
scattered
and
spent
,
whereof
through
the
long
tariance
in
sight
,
and
thick
substaunce
of
burning
,
is
the
great
hazarde
of
perishing
at
hande
.
But
the
two
lights
or
candels
appéering
,
doe
contrariwise
signifie
,
in
that
these
declare
that
the
thicke
substaunce
to
be
in
a
maner
spent
,
and
the
tempest
which
began
to
aryse
broken
and
quyeted
,
or
brought
caulme
.
So
that
after
the
appéeraunce
of
them
,
no
daunger
at
all
remayneth
,
but
a
quiet
or
caulme
Sea
rather
to
ensue
.
To
conclude
,
the
solitarie
lights
doe
note
matter
to
abound
in
the
ayre
,
of
which
the
tempests
are
ingendred
.
For
when
the
thick
substaunce
of
the
exhalations
,
and
cause
of
the
vntemperatnesse
is
in
a
maner
spent
,
then
caulmnesse
of
the
Sea
insueth
.
But
where
the
exhalation
is
ouermuch
compact
,
which
immediatly
is
not
scattered
,
through
the
long
continuance
,
and
the
grosse
substaunce
of
burning
,
there
doth
it
declare
a
perillous
tempest
.
Wherof
Seneca
writeth
that
when
in
a
great
tempest
,
Starres
or
lightes
appeared
,
as
they
were
cleauing
to
the
Sayle
,
the
Maryners
in
ieopardie
,
thought
and
affirmed
themselues
then
to
be
holpen
,
by
the
power
of
Castor
&
Pollux
.
But
the
cause
of
a
better
hope
is
,
it
appéereth
euen
then
that
the
tempest
to
be
broken
,
and
the
winds
to
cease
.
Of
the
flying
Dragon
in
the
ayre
,
what
the
same
is
.
Or
thus
,
the
vapour
on
such
wise
kindled
expelled
from
a
cold
clowde
,
is
in
the
middle
bended
like
the
belly
of
a
Dragon
,
but
in
the
forepart
,
is
the
vapor
stretched
narrow
,
&
representeth
the
figure
of
the
neck
,
&
from
it
do
sparks
as
it
were
by
brething
issue
forth
.
The
flying
Dragon
is
ingendred
of
a
vapour
,
not
vehemently
hote
,
drawne
vp
,
mightely
coagulated
,
and
pressed
togither
,
and
placed
betwéene
a
colde
&
hote
clowde
:
Or
thus
,
this
great
impression
of
the
ayre
,
is
wrought
and
caused
beneath
the
middle
region
,
when
the
exhalation
drawne
vp
,
vnequall
,
not
vehemently
hote
,
and
stronglye
coniealed
,
the
two
contrarie
clowdes
place
betwéene
:
the
one
a
colde
clowde
expelling
the
vapour
,
as
contrarie
to
it
,
from
whence
the
belly
of
the
Dragon
beginneth
,
the
other
a
hote
clowde
receyuing
it
,
and
through
the
smalenesse
,
this
expresseth
the
forme
of
the
neck
,
and
the
vttermost
or
furthest
part
,
nere
the
colde
clowde
,
appéereth
as
a
taile
drawne
narrow
togither
.
For
the
propertie
of
colde
,
is
to
gather
or
binde
hard
and
narrow
togyther
.
To
conclude
,
the
two
clowdes
doe
here
concurre
,
as
the
hote
and
cold
clowde
.
For
that
cause
,
the
exhalation
placed
in
the
middle
,
inclyneth
it selfe
vnto
the
hote
clowde
for
the
plentie
of
fyre
,
and
doth
in
the
middle
concurre
,
and
is
there
bended
.
For
the
beginning
and
ende
,
are
néere
matched
or
ioyned
to
the
cold
clowde
.
So
that
it
séemeth
in
the
beginning
to
breath
smoke
forth
,
through
the
nighnesse
of
the
moyst
clowde
.
The
first
part
séemeth
the
grosser
or
bigger
,
in
that
the
same
is
newe
kindled
,
but
the
furthest
part
or
ende
appeareth
the
straighter
or
smaller
,
in
that
the
same
is
nighe
to
the
quenching
out
,
through
which
is
this
bended
.
And
the
reason
why
,
at
the
vanishing
of
the
Dragon
,
a
smoke
is
scattered
abrode
:
is
for
that
the
hote
and
burning
clowde
,
contrarie
to
the
colde
,
procureth
a
smoke
,
as
the
like
appéereth
in
gréene
woode
burning
:
or
for
that
the
matter
scattered
,
through
the
colde
clowde
smoketh
.
Of
the
Dragon
inuented
of
the
wicked
,
which
they
vse
in
dyuers
maners
,
to
purchase
them
vnlawfull
gayne
:
Phisick
of
the
same
,
doth
here
vtter
no
reason
,
as
that
the
same
is
prepared
and
made
of
a
vapour
and
exhalation
.
For
well
knowne
it
is
,
that
their
Dragon
to
be
wrought
by
the
pollicie
of
Deuils
,
and
inchantments
of
the
wicked
,
as
sundrie
examples
lamentable
,
doe
make
manifest
at
this
day
.
As
the
like
,
in
the
yere
.
1532.
in
manye
Countries
,
were
Dragons
crowned
,
séene
flying
by
flocks
or
companies
in
the
ayre
,
hauing
Swines
snowtes
:
&
sometimes
were
there
séene
,
foure
hundred
flying
togither
in
a
companie
.
Of
the
fire
cleauing
and
hanging
on
the
partes
of
men
,
and
beastes
.
THis
impression
for
troth
is
prodigious
without
any
Phisicke
cause
expressing
the
same
,
when
as
the
flame
or
fire
compasseth
about
anye
persons
heade
.
And
this
straunge
woonder
and
sight
,
doth
signifie
the
royall
assaultes
of
mightie
Monarchies
,
and
kinges
,
the
gouernmentes
of
the
Emperie
,
and
other
matters
worthie
memory
,
of
which
the
Phisicke
causes
,
sufficient
can
not
be
demonstrated
.
Seing
then
,
such
fyers
or
lightes
are
,
as
they
were
counterfets
or
figures
of
matters
to
come
:
it
sufficiently
appeareth
,
that
those
not
rashely
to
appeare
or
showe
,
but
by
Gods
holy
will
and
pleasure
sent
,
that
they
maye
signifie
some
rare
matter
to
men
.
This
light
doth
Virgill
write
of
in
the
seconde
booke
of
Aeneados
,
of
Ascanius
:
which
had
a
like
flame
burning
without
harme
,
on
his
heade
.
Also
Liuius
in
his
first
booke
,
and
Valerius
Maxi.
reporte
,
of
Tullius
Seruius
a
childe
,
who
sléeping
on
bedde
,
such
a
flame
appeared
on
his
heade
,
and
burned
rounde
about
the
heade
without
harme
,
to
the
woonder
of
the
beholders
:
which
sight
pronounced
after
his
ripe
age
,
the
comming
vnto
royall
estate
.
What
is
to
be
thought
of
the
flame
or
fyre
,
which
cleaueth
to
the
heares
of
the
heade
,
and
to
the
heares
of
Beastes
.
EXperience
witnesseth
,
that
the
fyre
to
cleaue
manye
times
to
the
heades
and
eares
of
beastes
,
and
often
times
also
to
the
heades
,
and
shoulders
of
men
ryding
,
and
going
on
Foote
.
For
the
exhalations
dispearsed
by
the
ayre
,
cleaue
to
the
heares
of
horses
,
and
garments
of
men
:
which
of
the
lightnesse
doe
so
ascend
,
and
by
the
heate
kindled
.
Also
this
is
often
caused
when
men
and
other
beastes
by
a
vehement
and
swift
motion
wax
very
hote
,
that
the
sweate
fattie
and
clammye
,
is
sent
forth
,
which
kindled
yeldeth
this
forme
.
And
the
like
maner
in
all
places
(
as
afore
vttered
)
as
eyther
in
moyst
and
clammie
places
,
and
marishes
,
in
Churchyards
,
Cloysters
,
Kitchins
,
vnder
Galosses
,
valleys
,
and
other
places
,
where
many
deade
bodies
are
laide
,
doe
such
burnings
lightes
often
appeare
.
The
reason
is
,
in
that
these
places
,
the
earth
continually
breatheth
forth
fatte
flumes
,
grosse
and
clammy
,
which
come
forth
of
dead
bodyes
:
and
when
the
fume
doth
thus
continually
issue
forth
:
then
is
the
same
kindled
by
the
labouring
heate
or
by
the
smiting
togither
:
euen
as
out
of
two
flint
stones
smitten
togither
,
fyre
is
gotten
.
Cardanus
in
his
.14
.
booke
,
and
.69
.
Chapter
of
the
varietie
of
things
reporteth
,
that
a
certaine
friende
of
his
,
after
his
comming
home
,
about
an
houre
past
in
the
night
,
put
of
the
cloake
that
he
customably
ware
,
from
whose
backe
behinde
,
sprang
sparckes
scatteringly
,
and
whiles
he
remooued
,
and
layde
the
cloake
downe
againe
,
such
sparckles
lept
forth
,
as
before
.
Who
at
the
sight
of
these
,
was
stricken
with
a
double
feare
:
and
by
good
reason
,
for
within
fiftéene
dayes
after
,
was
he
accused
of
enimies
for
the
detestable
practise
of
poysoning
,
and
for
the
same
earnestly
layde
in
wayght
,
to
be
slaine
.
To
conclude
,
it
appeareth
that
such
fyres
are
séene
in
moyst
Kitchins
,
Sinckes
,
or
Guttours
,
and
where
the
Orfall
of
beastes
killed
are
throwne
:
or
in
such
places
,
most
commonly
are
woont
to
be
séene
.
Such
fires
cleauing
,
doe
marueylously
amase
the
f●arfull
,
Yet
not
all
fires
which
are
séene
in
the
night
,
are
perfite
fiers
:
in
that
many
haue
a
kinde
without
a
substaunce
and
heate
,
as
those
which
are
the
delusions
of
the
Deuill
,
well
knowne
to
be
the
Prince
of
the
world
,
and
flyeth
about
in
the
ayre
.
Of
the
fearefull
gaping
,
and
deepe
opening
of
the
Elements
.
The
definitions
.
THis
gaping
,
or
large
opening
of
the
aire
is
:
when
heauen
,
by
a
sodaine
light
of
the
great
exhalation
kindeled
vnder
the
Clowdes
,
is
as
it
were
opened
.
2
The
gaping
,
is
when
any
space
of
heauen
descendeth
,
and
by
a
sodaine
light
of
the
great
exhalation
kindeled
vnder
the
Clowdes
,
as
if
heauen
were
opened
,
appeareth
(
or
that
heauen
parted
a
sunder
without
crack
or
noise
gapeth
)
and
the
same
part
séemeth
to
throwe
or
cast
forth
fire
,
which
sheweth
as
it
were
the
mightie
burning
of
some
place
,
to
the
great
terror
and
feare
of
the
beholders
:
this
at
the
appearaunce
,
pronounceth
drye
tempestes
to
follow
.
3
The
gaping
,
is
when
fyre
,
as
out
of
heauen
parted
a
sunder
,
séemeth
to
fall
,
cast
forth
through
a
thicke
clowde
.
4
The
gaping
or
wide
opening
,
is
when
fire
out
of
heauen
parted
a
sunder
,
séemeth
as
it
were
to
fall
forth
of
a
holow
Caue
.
A
difference
betweene
the
gaping
,
and
deepe
opening
.
MAny
Philosophers
doe
briefely
distinguishe
them
,
on
this
wise
:
when
the
partyng
a
sunder
in
heauen
is
but
small
,
then
is
the
same
named
a
déepe
opening
.
But
when
the
parting
in
heauen
is
large
,
and
the
déepenesse
of
the
Clowdes
great
,
then
is
the
same
named
a
gaping
.
So
that
this
Clowde
,
comming
in
the
middle
betwéene
,
if
it
shall
be
small
,
then
is
the
same
named
the
opening
:
if
great
,
then
the
same
named
the
large
or
wyde
gaping
.
What
the
efficient
cause
is
.
THe
efficient
cause
of
this
gaping
is
,
the
onely
beames
of
the
Sunne
,
and
the
other
starres
:
for
it
hath
drawne
to
the
ayre
a
light
and
rare
fume
,
which
through
his
tenuitie
or
thinnesse
,
or
for
the
heate
forcing
within
the
clowde
,
or
for
the
agitation
of
the
Clowde
néere
,
is
it
kindled
:
euen
as
the
Gunpowder
made
of
brimstone
and
Nyter
,
that
lighlye
taketh
,
and
forciblie
burneth
.
What
the
matter
,
and
forme
is
.
THe
matter
is
an
exhalation
,
thinne
and
light
:
which
as
it
is
sodainely
kindled
,
euen
so
doth
it
sodainely
burne
.
This
fume
doth
lightly
take
fire
,
and
is
scattered
.
The
formall
cause
,
is
that
agitation
of
the
fume
in
the
aire
,
which
kindleth
it
.
Although
this
fume
maye
heate
,
by
the
owne
accorde
:
yet
heateth
it
more
when
the
same
flyeth
vp
vnto
the
vpper
region
of
the
ayre
,
where
lightly
it
is
kindled
.
This
forme
is
diuers
,
according
to
the
diuersity
of
the
matter
and
place
.
For
when
the
exhalation
falleth
thorow
a
thick
clowde
,
the
déepenesse
in
heauen
appéereth
greater
,
and
the
greater
truely
,
when
the
middle
partes
of
the
exhalation
are
thick
,
and
in
the
compasse
about
thin
.
And
lesser
it
appeareth
,
when
the
thicknesse
of
the
middle
clowdes
is
not
so
much
.
Or
thus
the
forme
,
is
an
agitation
of
the
exhalation
kindeled
,
which
if
it
fall
thorow
a
thicke
clowde
,
the
déepenesse
in
heauen
appéereth
the
greater
.
Yea
greater
,
when
the
middle
partes
of
the
exhalation
,
thicke
,
and
in
the
compasse
about
shall
be
thin
:
Or
otherwise
by
a
thick
clowde
,
the
colour
black
,
the
gaping
shall
appéere
purple
or
bloudie
.
As
the
lyke
purple
colour
is
séene
,
when
the
black
shall
be
mixed
with
a
whyte
clowde
:
Or
as
the
sunne
sometimes
at
his
rysing
is
séene
,
or
the
fyre
in
a
grosse
smoke
.
Otherwise
,
the
cause
of
the
white
colour
,
is
the
clearenesse
of
the
ayre
,
through
which
the
light
is
séene
:
for
when
through
a
cleare
,
and
not
so
black
a
clowde
it
is
fallen
,
the
light
then
is
named
,
as
a
flame
shyning
:
Of
these
may
you
reade
more
in
Seneca
.
What
the
ende
,
of
the
gapings
be
.
PLynie
wryteth
,
that
the
Gapings
to
be
foreshewers
of
mightie
perils
,
not
that
as
causes
go
before
,
but
for
the
same
go
before
,
that
these
euils
may
inuade
and
come
,
that
is
,
happen
certaine
,
and
for
the
more
part
:
as
be
battels
,
seditions
,
and
infinite
like
calamities
.
And
such
rare
sights
of
the
Gapings
,
and
others
,
often
are
shewed
to
vs
,
yea
without
Phisick
causes
,
that
these
may
moue
christian
mindes
to
repentance
.
Yet
doe
many
Physically
denote
at
the
appearaunce
,
drie
tempests
to
insue
:
And
this
is
worthie
to
be
noted
,
that
the
Astrologians
pronounce
battels
to
arise
and
come
out
of
the
same
place
,
where
this
gaping
is
séene
.
Certaine
examples
of
lyke
effect
,
hapned
in
our
time
:
as
first
in
the
yere
.
1529.
and
in
the
ninth
day
of
Ianuary
,
betwéene
the
hower
of
nine
,
&
ten
of
the
night
,
a
mighty
Gaping
was
séene
throughe
Germany
,
reaching
from
the
East
into
the
North
,
vnto
the
Sommer
setting
in
the
West
.
After
which
,
in
the
same
yere
,
insued
that
violent
breaking
in
of
the
Turkes
into
Germany
.
And
the
Nystoriographers
haue
noted
the
same
,
that
in
the
time
of
Tiberius
Caesar
,
a
mightie
Gaping
was
séene
:
after
which
such
a
fyre
fell
to
the
earth
,
when
Phili●
king
of
Macedonie
brought
Greece
in
subiection
.
Virgill
doth
account
this
large
Gaping●
to
be
among
the
number
of
the
feareful
,
to●kens
:
in
that
the
death
of
the
valiant
Tur●nus
,
slayne
by
Aeneas
,
was
by
the
same
foreshewed
.
The
Commentatour
vpon
th●
second
booke
of
Plynie
wryteth
,
that
an
other
fearefull
Gaping
was
séene
in
the
yere
1536.
and
in
the
sixtene
day
of
December
betwéene
sixe
and
seauen
of
the
clock
in
the
night
,
stretching
from
the
North
into
the
Winter
West
setting
:
after
which
,
within
a
short
time
ensued
but
a
small
lightning
,
with
thunder
:
so
that
little
harme
,
succéeded
at
that
time
.
The
Author
sawe
a
terrible
Gaping
in
the
East
,
in
the
yere
.1565
.
and
in
the
.26
.
daye
of
Nöuember
,
after
fiue
of
the
clock
in
the
morning
.
How
many
Rainebowes
may
be
sene
togither
at
one
time
.
ARistotle
,
whom
Plynie
followeth
,
supposeth
that
thrée
Rainebowes
can
hardlye
be
caused
,
nor
more
then
thrée
at
anye
time
,
bicause
the
one
is
euermore
darcker
than
the
other
,
in
suche
manner
that
the
thirde
reflection
is
caused
the
weakest
,
that
it
cannot
attaine
or
reach
vnto
the
Sunne
.
But
experience
reproueth
both
Aristotle
and
Plynie
,
in
that
thrée
Rainebowes
may
well
appéere
or
be
séene
togither
:
yea
more
sometimes
in
this
our
age
haue
bene
séene
,
but
such
accounted
for
woonders
,
by
which
God
sheweth
to
men
matters
to
come
,
as
maye
rightly
be
gessed
.
And
that
the
same
may
be
,
Vitellio
also
witnesseth
:
although
he
may
denie
any
more
Rainebowes
than
two
(
in
speaking
Physicallie
)
that
may
be
séene
,
differing
in
the
standing
of
the
colours
.
That
is
,
although
thrée
Rainebowes
shall
sometimes
appeare
,
yet
more
differ
not
in
the
standing
of
the
coulours
,
than
two
,
or
two
onely
haue
the
extreme
colours
transposed
,
in
such
maner
that
the
vttermost
of
the
inner
Rainebow
,
and
the
innermost
of
the
outwarder
Rainebow
,
is
of
a
red
colour
.
And
contrariwise
,
the
innermost
of
the
inner
,
and
the
vttermost
of
the
outwarder
,
is
of
a
purple
colour
,
the
gréene
colour
alwayes
possessing
his
proper
place
,
that
is
,
the
middle
.
Whereof
many
Rainebowes
proceede
.
THey
are
caused
of
the
refraction
or
breaking
againe
of
the
Sunne
beames
,
from
the
clowde
made
bright
and
couloured
by
the
first
,
that
is
,
the
inner
Rainebow
into
the
néerer
clowde
.
And
the
beames
conioyned
with
the
beames
,
from
the
Sunne
into
the
same
place
falling
,
doe
so
imprint
or
forme
newe
colours
of
the
Rainebow
,
in
the
same
maner
as
the
colours
are
caused
in
the
inner
Rainebow
.
So
that
this
is
the
cause
,
why
of
the
outwarder
Rainebow
,
the
innermost
colour
is
red
,
in
that
the
same
is
nighest
to
the
sight
:
and
for
the
same
cause
,
that
light
is
sent
or
appeareth
to
our
eye
the
clearer
.
The
other
colours
are
caused
by
a
light
imprinted
or
formed
in
the
déeper
partes
of
the
Clowde
,
and
so
much
the
more
is
it
mixed
of
the
shadowes
,
and
waterie
darknesse
.
For
which
cause
these
doe
a
little
decline
vnto
a
blacknesse
.
That
three
Rainbowes
may
appeare
at
one
time
.
THe
first
Rainebow
is
caused
,
through
the
refraction
of
the
sunne
beames
,
and
●his
is
brightest
of
all
the
others
.
2
The
seconde
Rainebow
,
is
the
ymage
●nely
of
the
first
,
for
which
cause
also
it
is
●he
weaker
:
in
that
the
same
is
caused
tho●ow
the
refraction
of
the
beames
of
the
first
Rainebow
.
So
that
the
colours
of
thys
Rainebow
appeare
in
the
opposite
,
or
order
●●ght
against
,
vnto
the
colours
of
the
first
●ainebow
.
3
The
third
Rainebow
is
the
figure
and
●mage
of
the
second
,
and
this
can
scarcely
be
séene
,
in
that
the
same
is
caused
through
the
refraction
of
the
second
Rainebow
.
So
that
the
colours
of
this
Rainebow
doe
appeare
in
the
opposite
order
vnto
the
colours
of
the
second
Rainebow
,
and
in
the
lyke
order
by
which
the
colours
of
the
first
Rainebow
are
séene
,
for
the
aboue
sayde
reason
.
Thus
in
breuitie
,
thrée
Rainebowes
may
appéere
at
one
time
,
in
that
the
clowde
may
be
so
thicke
,
that
the
reflection
of
beames
may
the
larger
stretch
forth
it selfe
.
In
what
time
of
the
yeare
,
Rainebow
〈◊〉
for
the
more
part
are
caused
.
PLynie
reporteth
in
his
second
booke
,
an●
59.
Chapiter
,
that
in
the
Sommer
on
th●
South
part
they
are
not
séene
,
after
th●
Equinoctiall
haruest
,
at
anye
hower
.
I●
the
haruest
and
Winter
,
are
they
especiall●
engendred
vnder
the
East
and
West
part●
through
the
abounding
or
mightie
substanc●
of
the
rayne
,
which
the
Sunne
from
ou●
highest
noonestéede
descending
,
occupyin●
then
the
Sowtherly
halfe
of
the
Zodiak●
runneth
lower
,
wherby
it
cannot
consu●●
by
the
proper
heate
.
Contrariwise
,
in
th●
Sommer
are
the
seldome
séene
,
when
as
is
of
lesser
substance
,
then
that
which
may
be
scattered
by
the
heate
of
the
Sunne
,
and
the
Sunne
also
at
that
time
ascendeth
vnto
the
highest
ouer
our
heads
:
for
which
cause
the
Rainebowe
in
the
Southquarter
cannot
be
séene
,
as
aboue
vttered
.
Are
not
the
Rainebowes
caused
through
the
beames
of
the
other
starres
.
OF
the
Moone
we
haue
said
,
that
through
hir
beames
,
especiallye
of
the
full
,
a
Rainebow
may
be
caused
.
And
euen
lyke
in
our
remembraunce
or
tyme
,
as
in
the
yeare
of
Christ
.1523
.
a
night
Rainebowe
was
séene
.
After
which
incontinent
folowed
a
conspiracie
of
the
rusticall
sort
in
Alsatia
against
the
Magistrates
.
In
the
yere
folowing
,
a
commotion
of
the
rusticall
sort
,
in
the
Dukedome
of
the
noble
Prince
of
Wirterbergensis
:
An
other
night
Rainbow
was
séene
in
the
yere
.1524
.
(
in
which
yere
)
folowed
sone
after
,
a
most
raging
and
●ruell
sedition
,
which
grieuously
afflicted
and
spoyled
manye
partes
of
Germany
:
And
in
the
yeare
.37
.
about
the
ninth
houre
,
●n
Paulme
Sunday
at
night
,
being
the
●ext
day
before
the
full
of
the
Moone
,
a
like
night
Rainebowe
was
obserued
and
séene
of
manye
.
That
the
Rainebowes
are
not
ingendred
,
through
the
beames
of
the
other
starres
:
may
apeare
,
in
that
such
a
distance
there
is
of
the
starres
from
the
earth
,
that
no
impression
of
light
can
be
brought
to
this
dewie
vapour
.
Or
thus
,
their
beames
through
the
greatest
or
furthest
distaunce
be
weaker
,
then
that
they
maye
imprint
his
light
with
the
small
bodyes
of
the
dewie
vapour
.
Here
note
,
that
by
the
beames
of
the
Moone
,
especially
at
the
full
,
a
Rainebow●
may
and
is
wont
to
be
caused
,
hauing
like
colours
in
a
maner
(
as
the
Sunnes
)
sauin●
that
the
night
Rainebow
draweth
néere●
vnto
a
whitenesse
,
as
with
intensed
colours●
bicause
the
darkenesse
of
the
night
increa●seth
the
darkenesse
of
the
clowde
,
throug●
which
the
increased
light
appéereth
the
wh●●ter
,
euen
as
a
fyre
or
light
that
is
furthe●
séene
in
the
night
tyme
,
than
in
the
da●
So
that
of
this
Moones
Rainebow
,
is
o●
onely
colour
,
as
the
whyte
,
not
vnlyke
〈◊〉
mylke
,
when
as
the
clowde
of
the
nig●●
colde
may
be
ioyned
togither
,
heaped
a●
thickned
more
,
than
that
the
Moones
lig●●
can
pierce
:
for
which
cause
,
a
whytenesse
appeareth
on
the
hyghest
playnnesse
of
the
same
.
Of
the
windes
.
THe
winde
is
an
exhalation
hote
and
dry
,
moued
thwartly
or
laterally
about
the
earth
,
which
for
the
grauitie
of
the
exhalation
can
not
be
caried
upwarde
,
it
therefore
falleth
downewarde
,
&
is
ouerthwartly
caried
.
Or
the
winde
is
an
agitation
of
a
drie
vapour
,
drawne
vp
into
the
ayre
,
by
the
vertue
of
the
Sunne
beames
.
Or
the
winde
is
a
thwart
agitation
of
the
ayre
,
through
a
hote
and
drie
exhalation
,
which
drawne
vp
by
the
vertue
of
the
starres
,
is
sent
backe
and
downewarde
,
through
the
colde
of
the
middle
region
,
ordeyned
by
na●ure
,
that
through
the
same
motion
the
ayre
may
be
dryuen
,
and
cleane
or
pure
purged
●n
the
breathing
:
the
corne
also
by
it
rype●ed
,
and
the
Arte
besides
of
sayling
exer●ised
amongst
men
.
The
matter
or
sub●taunce
of
the
windes
,
is
a
hote
and
dry
ex●alation
,
grosse
and
earthly
,
forced
downe●arde
through
the
coldnesse
of
the
middle
●egion
of
the
ayre
,
whose
note
is
,
in
that
the
winde
dryeth
.
Certaine
properties
of
the
windes
.
THe
cause
why
any
beast
,
at
the
South
winde
blowing
,
lesser
hungereth
:
is
for
that
the
heate
then
openeth
the
powers
of
the
skinne
,
that
the
inner
hote
spirite
maye
breath
forth
and
be
dissolued
.
Whereof
digestion
and
naturall
strength
is
caused
the
weaker
,
and
by
it
bodies
filled
with
a
superfluous
earthly
moysture
.
And
the
cause
why
the
Southwinde
,
is
woont
to
be
vehementer
in
the
night
time
,
than
in
the
daye
:
is
for
that
the
exhalation
of
thys
wynde
is
so
hote
,
that
through
the
coldnesse
of
the
night
,
it
can
not
be
depressed
.
So
that
by
the
proper
heate
drawne
vp
,
it
ryseth
and
rageth
the
vehementer
.
But
in
the
day
time
through
the
Sunnes
heate
thinned
,
and
sometimes
spent
:
whereof
with
such
a
force
,
as
in
the
night
it
can
not
blowe
.
The
Haruest
and
Spring
,
are
the
aptest
tymes
of
the
yeare
for
the
wyndes
,
seing
in
those
partes
of
the
yeare
,
manye
exhalations
are
drawne
vp
,
which
when
of
the
Sunne
beames
they
can
not
be
spent
,
through
his
absence
,
they
then
gyue
matter
to
the
winds
.
But
in
the
Sommer
and
Winter
,
doe
the
windes
lesser
blow
:
For
in
the
Sommer
time
,
the
exhalations
are
burned
by
the
Sunnes
heate
,
and
in
the
Winter
tyme
,
the
powers
of
the
earth
,
are
shut
so
close
or
hard
togither
,
thorowe
the
intensed
colde
,
that
no
matter
can
breath
forth
.
And
this
worthie
to
be
noted
and
marueyled
at
,
that
at
the
blowing
of
the
North
winde
,
Welles
and
deepe
pittes
of
water
,
sende
vp
more
fumes
,
then
at
the
blowing
of
the
South
winde
.
The
cause
why
the
Northerly
windes
and
Southerly
doe
oftner
blowe
,
but
the
Easterly
and
Westerly
sildomer
:
is
for
that
the
exhalations
drawne
vp
by
the
Sunne
,
and
flying
the
heate
of
the
Sunne
,
fall
vnto
the
sides
.
Or
otherwise
,
that
in
these
places
they
finde
a
space
,
and
are
not
consumed
or
spent
by
the
heate
of
the
Sunne
,
which
is
caused
in
the
East
and
Weast
,
which
places
the
Sunne
occupyeth
twise
in
the
daye
,
and
consumeth
there
the
vapours
.
After
when
the
Sunne
departeth
into
the
Northerly
signes
,
he
is
then
higher
,
than
that
he
can
let
or
hinder
the
ascending
of
the
exhalations
.
But
when
he
departeth
into
the
Southerly
signes
,
through
his
néerenesse
vnto
the
earth
,
the
beames
then
stretch
thwarte
,
and
through
this
thwartnesse
,
they
be
so
weake
,
that
they
can
not
waste
or
spende
the
exhalations
.
The
cause
why
the
windes
at
the
beginning
arise
softer
,
and
blow
weaker
,
is
for
that
(
as
we
haue
afore
taught
)
of
the
causes
of
the
thwarte
course
of
the
windes
.
Aristotle
vttereth
the
cause
,
of
the
circulare
motion
of
the
ayre
.
For
the
ayre
togither
with
the
swift
motion
of
heauen
,
is
drawen
about
.
So
that
it
is
manifest
,
that
all
thinges
to
bée
moued
togither
,
which
be
in
it
.
Seing
the
exhalation
is
hote
and
dry
,
and
through
his
lightnesse
drawne
vpwarde
,
and
by
the
cold
of
the
middle
region
(
so
letting
)
depressed
,
it
can
not
of
this
,
discende
downe
right
.
For
thys
through
his
lightnesse
,
alwayes
ascendeth
.
And
caried
by
a
thwart
maner
,
that
it
can
not
of
the
same
,
descende
downe
right
.
For
which
cause
,
it
must
néedes
insue
,
that
the
winds
are
caried
by
a
thwart
course
.
The
cause
of
the
vehemencie
of
the
windes
,
is
that
the
breath
or
winde
forced
,
through
the
fortitude
of
the
colde
,
sendeth
forth
the
exhalation
.
For
how
mightier
the
same
depresseth
the
exhalation
ascending
,
so
much
the
stronger
doth
the
same
mooue
forewarde
the
ayre
.
The
windes
also
are
caused
the
vehementer
,
through
the
multitude
of
the
exhalation
ascending
,
which
with
the
same
descending
,
is
matched
or
ioyned
.
For
on
such
wise
,
the
strengthes
are
increased
:
and
of
the
same
,
it
muste
néedes
force
the
ayre
the
mightier
.
The
cause
why
in
the
great
heate
,
and
extreme
colde
,
little
winde
bloweth
:
is
for
that
in
the
same
Sea
soone
the
exhalation
(
the
foode
of
the
winds
)
is
then
spent
by
the
Sunne
:
but
in
this
the
earth
shut
with
the
colde
,
can
not
then
breath
forth
fumes
.
Or
playner
to
wryte
,
the
intensed
or
mightie
heate
of
the
Summer
,
burneth
and
wasteth
the
vapour
or
exhalation
drawne
vp
,
before
it
may
giue
or
yéelde
,
matter
for
the
windes
.
And
in
the
time
of
the
cold
winter
,
through
the
contrarie
cause
:
the
windes
lesse
blow
.
For
the
extreame
colde
of
the
winter
,
shutteth
the
poores
of
the
earth
,
that
nothing
can
then
breath
forth
:
the
cause
that
winds
cease
after
showers
of
raine
,
is
for
that
before
the
raine
,
the
powers
of
the
earth
are
opened
,
out
of
which
,
the
matter
of
the
windes
issueth
,
which
of
the
raine
,
especially
of
the
more
aboundaunt
showers
,
are
then
shut
togither
&
stopped
,
that
nothing
may
more
breath
forth
,
wherof
the
winde
must
néedes
cease
.
The
cause
that
after
the
blowing
of
the
North
winde
,
the
other
windes
ceasse
:
is
for
that
the
same
winde
is
colde
and
drye
,
which
then
shutteth
the
powers
of
the
earth
,
and
letteth
the
breathing
forth
,
except
in
the
spring
tyme
.
For
in
the
same
time
,
through
the
order
of
nature
,
and
the
Sunne
comming
then
vnto
vs
,
the
earth
opening
it selfe
,
subdueth
the
matter
for
the
more
part
,
with
the
Northerly
winds
.
And
why
the
windes
be
oftner
colde
,
is
for
that
the
windes
,
although
they
be
ingendred
and
procéede
of
a
hote
and
drie
vapour
:
yet
doe
they
breath
colde
.
The
same
hapneth
or
is
caused
through
the
farre
motion
of
the
ayre
,
by
colde
places
:
euen
as
by
the
mouth
,
the
winde
or
hote
breath
,
farre
of
moued
or
extended
,
cooleth
.
Why
the
West
winde
blowing
,
the
Dogs
then
euill
hunt
:
is
for
that
it
especially
confoundeth
the
ayre
,
and
of
all
the
windes
it
is
the
most
contynuall
or
longest
lasting
,
and
toucheth
especially
the
earth
.
Certaine
obseruations
of
the
windes
.
MOst
marueylous
is
the
highest
God
,
which
alone
made
all
thinges
,
both
in
heauen
and
earth
,
and
in
the
vse
of
the
winds
,
he
would
in
many
maners
that
the
testimonies
of
his
prouidence
to
be
known
to
vs
.
For
when
the
earth
néedeth
watering
,
it
onely
not
vseth
and
needeth
raine
;
but
the
windes
to
helpe
:
so
that
the
winde
ariseth
,
by
which
the
clowdes
are
gathered
,
that
showers
may
shed
,
and
be
sprinckled
on
the
earth
,
and
the
earth
sufficiently
fed
.
Further
that
the
strengths
of
the
earth
quayle
not
through
the
raynie
superfluousnesse
,
it
needeth
with
the
drying
,
the
Sunne
beames
,
and
wyndes
agréeable
,
which
taketh
vp
the
vnprofitable
moysture
,
that
the
same
may
be
dried
vp
,
&
that
like
a
spunge
(
the
earth
)
may
soke
,
drinke
in
,
and
digest
the
raine
.
2.
It
much
auayleth
the
Phisition
to
consider
and
foreknowe
the
approching
tempestes
and
windes
,
the
natures
and
workings
of
them
,
agréeable
vnto
eche
places
,
that
he
may
hereof
foresee
the
sicknesses
or
disseases
publikely
kylling
in
haste
,
how
by
Arte
he
may
eyther
let
and
remoue
them
,
or
if
he
can
not
stay
them
by
his
skil
,
then
maye
he
●éeke
an
apt
waye
and
order
for
the
curing
of
such
sicknesses
.
Of
which
matter
,
maye
you
reade
a
like
instruction
,
vttered
of
Hypocrates
,
in
the
tyme
of
the
pestilence
.
3.
A
rednesse
about
the
Sunne
&
Moone
,
is
a
note
of
windes
to
insue
.
4.
Where
in
the
Sommer
time
,
lightnings
and
thunder
happen
,
there
a
strong
winde
shortly
after
bloweth
.
5.
In
the
Haruest
and
Winter
,
lightnings
doe
cease
winds
:
and
how
mightier
the
lightnings
and
thunder
are
,
so
much
the
more
doe
they
cease
the
windes
.
6.
Any
dreaming
of
byrdes
,
the
nexte
day
winde
to
follow
,
as
some
report
.
7.
In
the
Wynter
,
windes
about
the
the
morning
blow●
but
in
the
Sommer
,
about
the
Euening
.
In
the
winter
,
from
the
East
part
,
but
in
the
Sommer
,
from
the
West
.
8.
Those
temporall
North
windes
in
the
Sommer
,
when
they
shal
blow
a
long
tyme
togither
,
and
the
Haruest
is
windie
,
doe
declare
a
caulme
Winter
to
insue
.
9.
If
the
Haruest
be
caulme
,
the
Winter
folowing
shall
be
windie
.
10.
The
South
winde
bloweth
,
when
Virgiliae
aryse
,
that
is
in
the
Moneth
of
May
.
11.
The
North
winde
bloweth
,
at
the
rysing
of
Orion
,
which
is
,
the
day
folowing
,
after
the
Dogge
starre
risen
.
12.
The
South
west
winde
bloweth
in
the
Moneth
of
February
,
when
that
named
Fidicula
,
beginneth
to
set
,
and
it
is
confirmed
by
the
rysing
of
Cinguli
Orionis
:
for
after
this
the
earth
openeth
,
and
beginneth
to
sende
vp
plants
.
13.
When
the
Moone
is
ioyned
to
Iupiter
,
as
the
Astrologians
affirme
,
newe
winds
are
caused
:
Euen
so
the
Moone
running
in
Cancer
,
procureth
windes
.
When
the
Moone
commeth
vnto
Iupiter
in
Cancer
,
you
shall
sée
windes
to
arise
without
doubt
.
14.
The
Sunne
in
Capricorno
,
the
Moone
in
eyther
Scorpio
,
Capricorno
,
Tauro
or
Virgine
,
doe
cause
most
colde
windes
.
The
same
doth
the
Sunne
moue
in
Aquarius
,
when
Saturne
shall
be
right
against
,
&
that
the
Moone
beholdeth
eyther
of
these
.
Saturne
also
retrograde
in
an
earthly
signe
,
seaseth
windes
.
The
selfe
same
,
causeth
Mars
.
15.
Windes
are
wont
to
blowe
for
the
more
part
,
at
the
morning
and
euening
:
But
at
noone
,
for
the
greater
heate
of
the
Sunne
,
the
winds
then
cease
.
And
lyke
at
midnight
are
extinguished
,
through
the
extreme
coldnesse
.
16.
When
the
windes
begin
from
the
morning
to
blow
,
then
doe
the
windes
longer
continue
.
17.
The
South
winde
not
beginning
,
but
leauing
or
ceasing
,
bringeth
a
showre
.
For
when
out
of
a
hote
place
the
wynde
bloweth
,
the
selfe
same
ayre
at
the
winde
beginning
,
is
yet
hote
.
18.
One
and
the
selfe
same
winde
may
cause
contrarie
effectes
,
as
both
chiefe
and
weake
,
and
by
it selfe
one
,
and
an
other
by
accidence
.
Euen
the
like
,
the
East
winde
from
the
beginning
is
drie
,
but
the
ending
of
it
is
waterie
.
The
North
winde
by
it selfe
cooleth
:
yet
by
accidence
,
may
it
heat
▪
19.
All
mightie
windes
coole
and
drie
,
and
procure
or
cause
fayre
weather
:
but
th●
weake
windes
heate
and
moystine
,
and
ingender
rayne
.
20.
The
longer
contynuing
and
stronger
windes
are
caused
,
which
begin
from
the
daye
,
than
those
which
beginne
in
the
night
.
21.
When
the
North
wynde
blowing
,
moueth
many
clowds
,
signifieth
a
drought
to
folow
,
or
great
heate
.
22.
The
Easterly
windes
be
drie
,
thorow
the
combustion
of
the
vapours
wrought
by
the
sunne
:
for
which
cause
,
they
produce
and
cause
a
drougth
.
23.
The
Westerly
windes
doe
moystine
,
through
the
grosse
vapours
,
left
behinde
of
the
Sunne
in
the
night
time
.
24.
Raine
hastily
comming
,
is
foreknowne
by
a
great
clowde
,
arysing
from
that
part
of
the
worlde
,
from
which
the
windes
arise
or
come
.
And
howe
much
the
thicker
and
greater
the
clowde
shall
be
,
so
much
the
sooner
and
certayner
shall
it
gyue
the
testimony
of
a
boysterous
raine
soone
after
to
follow
.
25.
The
South
winde
when
it
bloweth
fiercely
or
sturdilye
,
and
the
North
winde
after
beginneth
to
blowe
,
is
a
note
of
a
most
great
tempest
,
especially
on
the
Sea
.
26.
Lightnings
with
a
Northerly
wind
,
doe
signifie
raine
to
folow
.
27.
Thunder
with
an
Easterly
or
Westerly
winde
,
declare
raine
,
or
a
mightie
tempest
to
follow
.
28.
A
Northerly
yeare
(
after
the
minde
of
the
auncient
obseruers
)
is
farre
better
then
a
Southerly
.
29.
It
is
good
and
profitable
,
to
take
a
purgation
,
at
the
blowing
of
the
South
,
and
East
winde
.
For
then
are
the
members
soluble
and
lose
,
and
giue
place
to
medicine
:
but
the
North
winde
blowing
,
doth
then
mightily
stop
,
and
let
the
working
of
a
purgation
.
30.
The
auncient
in
times
past
,
haue
obserued
the
first
night
of
Ianuary
,
which
i●
the
same
were
cleare
wythout
rayne
,
and
caulme
without
winde
,
promised
a
fruitfull
and
prosperous
yere
to
follow
.
If
with
an
Easterly
winde
,
then
was
the
yeare
to
come
,
daungerous
to
cattle
.
If
wyth
a
Westerly
winde
,
then
was
the
yere
folowing
deadly
to
kings
.
If
with
a
Southerlye
winde
,
the
people
dyed
that
yere
folowing
.
If
with
a
Northerly
winde
,
the
yeare
to
come
was
knowne
barraine
,
with
the
scarcitie
of
victuals
.
Of
the
impressions
,
named
Parelia
,
and
Paraeselinae
.
The
definitions
.
PArelius
is
a
thick
impression
in
a
clowde
,
caused
at
the
one
side
of
the
Sunne
,
thorowe
the
refraction
of
the
Sunne
beames
,
which
then
representeth
the
sunnes
ymage
.
2.
Parelius
is
a
dewie
clowdie
,
thicke
,
whole
,
placed
vnto
the
one
side
of
the
sunne
,
and
representing
his
similitude
and
figure
.
For
the
clowde
nere
to
the
Sunne
,
and
turned
into
water
,
in
which
the
Sunne
by
the
broken
beame
for
the
dewe
thicknesse
,
and
his
wholenesse
,
frameth
then
a
similitude
,
euen
the
lyke
in
a
cleare
ayre
,
as
the
same
in
a
polished
Glasse
:
which
ymage
thus
appearing
at
the
one
side
,
named
Parelius
.
3.
Parelius
is
an
ymage
and
figure
of
the
Sunne
,
expressed
in
a
dewie
clowde
and
bright
,
when
the
subtill
moysture
betwéene
our
sight
and
the
Sunne
concurreth
,
into
one
bodye
of
a
round
equall
clowde
,
and
the
like
fashyoned
,
standing
right
afore
the
sunne
,
from
which
the
sunne
beames
are
broken
open
,
as
from
a
Glasse
vnto
the
eye
:
So
that
these
then
frame
and
cause
a
lyke
figure
to
the
sunne
.
4.
Parelius
is
an
ymage
of
the
sunne
,
placed
by
the
side
in
an
equal
clowde
,
eyther
of
the
East
or
West
,
which
is
the
cause
,
why
many
sunnes
sometimes
are
séene
:
which
truely
are
caused
when
a
thicker
clowde
shal
be
drawne
vnto
the
one
side
of
the
sunne
,
in
which
the
Sunne
beames
broken
open
,
doe
leaue
the
kinde
&
forme
of
a
true
lyght
.
So
that
the
first
figure
is
,
a
representation
of
the
perfite
and
true
sunne
.
But
the
seconde
and
thirde
is
,
through
the
breaking
open
of
the
sunne
beames
,
placed
in
the
clowde
on
the
one
side
.
5.
Parelius
is
(
as
affirmed
Seneca
)
a
rounde
clowde
and
bright
,
and
lyke
to
the
sunne
.
6.
Parelia
are
named
to
be
those
,
when
manye
Sunnes
are
séene
to
shyne
in
the
clowds
,
vnder
the
East
or
West
:
&
Parelius
is
then
caused
,
when
a
clowde
of
the
one
side
of
the
Sunne
,
shall
be
placed
eyther
of
the
East
,
or
West
,
especially
equall
,
and
a
like
thicke
,
which
as
a
Glasse
receaueth
and
expresseth
the
ymage
or
fygure
of
the
sunne
.
For
we
sée
both
in
the
water
,
and
in
a
thicker
ayre
,
and
in
other
bodyes
,
which
consist
with
a
light
vpper
face
,
and
equall
,
that
the
matters
placed
by
a
iust
proportion
,
to
be
expressed
vnto
them
,
as
in
a
Glasse
.
7.
Paraselinae
be
ymages
of
the
Moone
,
caused
by
the
refraction
of
the
Moones
beames
,
in
a
moyst
clowde
néere
to
a
light
,
&
equally
thick
,
in
which
the
bodye
of
the
first
or
true
Moone
,
is
the
lyke
séene
,
as
any
other
body
●n
a
Glasse
.
8.
Paraselinai
are
named
many
Moones
,
●f
which
onely
one
is
true
,
the
others
be
●ut
figures
and
ymages
of
the
Moone
,
cau●ed
by
the
refraction
of
the
Moones
beames
●n
the
clowde
.
For
these
reflexions
are
one●y
caused
of
the
effectuous
beame
,
lyke
as
is
〈◊〉
the
Sunne
or
Moone
.
The
efficient
cause
is
the
celestiall
vertue
,
●nd
starrie
propertie
,
that
is
,
the
Sunnes
●nd
Moones
beames
,
drawing
vp
and
pre●aring
a
matter
,
vnto
such
a
figure
,
that
re●●esented
the
forme
and
ymage
of
the
sunne
●nd
Moone
.
The
materiall
cause
is
a
thicke
●owde
,
equall
and
regulare
,
which
is
pla●●d
by
a
thwarte
maner
of
the
sunne
,
so
that
●yther
aboue
,
nor
beneath
him
,
nor
right
before
him
it
standeth
,
but
placed
at
the
one
side
.
And
this
matter
thicke
and
waterie
,
that
the
refraction
may
be
caused
the
better
,
and
this
regulare
also
,
that
it
may
the
more
giue
and
shewe
an
vniforme
ymage
of
the
sunne
.
And
waterie
,
that
the
Sunne
may
the
commodiouser
be
represented
,
euen
as
the
like
is
caused
in
water
.
So
that
the
clowde
prudently
is
placed
on
the
one
side
,
and
not
vnder
the
Sunne
,
nor
right
against
:
for
if
right
against
,
then
woulde
the
same
be
a
Rainebow
:
if
vnder
the
sunne
,
then
would
Halo
be
caused
.
And
this
for
the
more
part
is
caused
,
in
the
East
or
West
,
through
the
disposition
of
the
clowde
.
The
formall
cause
,
is
the
refraction
of
the
sunne
beames
in
the
clowde
,
being
at
the
one
side
,
which
altogyther
as
a
Glasse
receyueth
the
sunnes
beame
,
and
the
colour
which
then
is
in
the
sunne
,
it
causeth
euen
the
like
to
appéere
,
as
when
of
a
light
ayre
,
through
his
thicknesse
,
the
sight
is
broken
.
For
the
beames
falling
vnto
the
same
clowde
thus
fashioned
,
and
of
the
same
broken
vnto
the
sight
,
especiallye
in
that
clowde
not
being
ouer
thicke
,
thinne
or
blacke
,
doe
expresse
the
ymage
of
the
sunne
.
To
conclude
,
when
a
dewie
clowde
,
or
vapourous
,
is
in
anye
part
pierced
,
then
are
the
Sunne
beames
gathered
in
that
hole
,
and
by
the
refraction
shed
vnto
the
sight
:
so
that
such
a
brightnesse
appéereth
,
as
if
the
sunne
it selfe
where
séene
.
For
thys
Parelius
is
,
as
the
ymage
of
the
sunne
,
appearing
in
a
great
looking
Glasse
.
And
hereof
it
is
,
that
manye
sunnes
sometimes
are
sayde
to
appeare
togither
,
as
two
or
thrée
.
So
that
the
first
is
the
figure
of
the
sunne
it selfe
;
the
second
and
third
consisteth
through
the
breaking
of
the
sunne
beames
,
in
the
clowde
placed
on
the
one
side
:
by
which
,
thrée
sunnes
or
more
,
are
oftentimes
séene
.
As
the
like
by
experience
was
obserued
,
that
the
king
of
Polelande
sawe
togyther
sixe
sunnes
,
after
which
folowed
,
that
Fraunces
the
French
king
was
taken
prisoner
for
the
tyme
.
The
similitude
.
AS
the
drie
exhalation
,
and
that
vehemently
hote
,
in
pierting
the
vpper
region
of
the
kindled
starre
,
doth
represent
a
●orme
and
sphericall
figure
,
through
the
far
lesse
:
euen
so
a
strong
and
mightie
vapour
flying
into
the
highest
of
the
middle
ayre
,
giueth
the
forme
of
the
sunne
,
and
causeth
a
circle
to
appéere
.
The
ende
and
effect
of
these
.
THe
finall
cause
Phisick
,
or
the
materiall
effect
of
Pareliorum
,
is
the
foreshewing
,
signifying
,
and
pronouncing
of
rayne
to
come
,
abounding
of
a
moyst
matter
.
For
they
signifie
that
the
ayre
to
contayne
much
matter
or
substaunce
of
showers
,
especially
if
Parelia
shall
be
placed
in
the
South
region
of
heauen
.
For
the
greatest
clowds
hereof
waxe
ouercharged
,
in
that
the
South
ayre
is
better
and
sooner
chaunged
into
water
,
than
the
North
ayre
.
But
to
the
Diuines
or
Theologically
,
these
many
tymes
por●ende
and
foreshewe
feareful
and
straunge
matters
,
so
that
they
be
often
in
doubt
,
what
will
follow
,
except
anye
by
hap
woulde
make
a
coniecture
of
them
.
For
as
all
celestiall
impressions
in
a
maner
,
haue
a
certaine
hid
or
secret
signification
in
nature
,
which
is
not
materiall
euen
so
doe
Parelij
alwayes
portende
som●
singuler
will
and
effect
deuine
,
to
be
looked
for
:
so
that
many
sunnes
are
sildome
séene
but
that
eyther
conspiracies
be
attempted
,
or
the
alteration
of
kingdomes
,
or
some
new
matters
laboured
about
the
subuersion
,
and
dispos●ng
in
religion
.
To
conclude
,
the
cause
of
these
is
so
secret
and
diuine
,
that
the
great
conspiracies
of
Monarchies
,
the
dissentions
of
Kings
and
Princes
,
and
the
fearefull
vprores
and
commotions
of
other
Empyries
,
ciuill
battels
,
and
other
lamentable
matters
to
men
,
are
wreshewed
by
such
impressions
.
Certaine
examples
of
these
.
IN
the
yeare
of
our
Lorde
.
1157.
in
the
Moneth
of
September
,
were
thrée
sunnes
togyther
séene
,
the
skie
then
being
verie
cléere
,
and
within
a
fewe
dayes
after
of
the
same
moneth
,
thrée
Moones
were
séene
,
and
in
that
moone
also
possessing
the
middle
place
,
a
whyte
crosse
was
séene
.
After
which
a
great
discorde
folowed
among
the
Cardynals
,
in
the
election
of
their
highe
Byshop
,
and
a
lyke
controuersie
among
the
Princes
electours
,
in
the
election
of
the
Emperour
of
Rome
.
In
the
reigne
of
Henry
the
seconde
king
of
Englande
,
and
in
the
Calends
of
October
,
for
thrée
howres
almost
,
were
séene
thrée
circles
about
the
Sunne
,
after
which
,
vanished
awaye
,
two
sunnes
séemed
to
appeere
.
After
this
sight
insued
a
discorde
,
betweene
the
king
and
the
Archebishop
of
Caunterburie
.
And
Frederick
Emperour
besseged
Mylayne
,
for
seauen
yeres
almost
,
and
in
the
ende
sacked
and
spoyled
the
Citie
lamentably
.
In
the
yere
.
1169.
thrée
sunnes
were
séene
in
the
West
,
in
the
Nonis
of
September
,
and
after
two
houres
,
two
of
them
vanished
,
the
same
which
possessed
the
middle
,
did
set
alone
in
the
Weste
,
and
in
the
lyke
maner
,
the
next
yere
folowing
,
thrée
Moones
appeared
.
In
the
yere
.
1314.
before
the
ciuill
battle
of
Lewys
of
Bauare
,
and
Frederick
of
Austrige
,
which
contended
and
fought
for
the
Empyrie
,
thrée
●unnes
were
séene
in
heauen
,
and
a
discention
also
of
the
electours
▪
and
other
attempts
folowed
.
In
the
yere
of
our
Lord.
1469.
at
Rome
were
thrée
sunnes
séene
,
after
which
an
vprore
of
the
Citizens
folowed
.
And
the
sam●
yeare
a
battle
fought
in
Italie
,
Frannce●
Duke
of
Mylayne
dyed
,
and
for
the
segni●ritie
many
contended
by
great
conspiracies
.
In
the
yeare
.
1492.
after
the
middle
of
December
,
in
Polelande
were
thrée
sunnes
séene
at
noone
:
after
which
Vladislaus
king
of
Hungarie
,
ouercame
Maximilian
:
and
Casimirus
king
of
Polelande
,
left
his
lyfe
or
dyed
thys
yeare
:
before
whose
death
a
Comete
went
,
which
appéered
for
two
Moneths
togither
after
the
sunne
setting
.
In
the
yeare
.
1514.
in
the
tenth
day
of
Ianuarye
,
and
seauentéene
of
March
,
thrée
sunnes
were
séene
in
heauen
,
of
which
the
middle
was
greatest
,
and
in
the
eleuenth
of
Ianuary
and
seauentéenth
of
March
,
thrée
Moones
were
like
séene
:
in
the
same
yeare
the
Sweueland
men
stirred
an
vprore
,
agaynst
the
Duke
of
Wirtenbergensis
,
which
much
vexed
hym
.
And
aboue
.
40.
thousande
Moscouites
,
were
slayne
of
the
Polanes
,
by
the
ryuer
Boristhenes
.
In
the
yeare
of
our
Lorde
.
1523.
at
Tigurie
in
Helueria
,
in
the
sixt
Nonas
of
May
,
thrée
sunnes
were
séene
togyther
,
and
sundrie
circles
séene
togither
in
heauen
:
after
which
in
the
same
yeare
,
folowed
a
reformation
of
Churches
,
with
the
casting
forth
of
Idols
,
instituted
and
stablyshed
at
Tigurie
.
In
Holland
the
same
yeare
,
a
great
commotion
attempted
.
In
the
yere
.
1525.
before
the
death
of
Lewes
king
of
Hungarie
,
in
Hungarie
were
séene
thrée
sunnes
,
which
without
doubt
signified
,
the
thrée
kings
should
contende
for
the
Emperie
,
as
Ferdinandus
,
Duke
Iohn
of
Saxonie
,
and
the
great
Lurke
.
In
the
yeare
.
1527.
in
Sweueland
,
thrée
sunnes
,
and
sundrie
celestiall
circles
were
séene
.
In
the
yere
.
1528.
and
in
the
seauentéene
day
of
Iune
,
at
Tigurie
manye
sunnes
were
séene
,
and
about
them
thrée
circles
:
in
the
next
yere
folowing
,
a
cruel
battle
fought
within
the
Countrie
of
Heluetia
.
In
the
yere
.
1532.
and
in
the
eleuenth
day
of
Aprill
,
in
the
seconde
houre
of
the
daye
,
thrée
perfite
sunnes
and
bright
,
with
two
Rainebowes
,
were
séene
to
many
.
In
the
yere
of
our
Lorde
.
1551.
about
the
Calends
of
Aprill
,
in
the
famous
Vniuersitie
of
Witebergensis
,
thrée
Sunnes
wyth
sundrie
celestiall
circles
were
séene
.
And
in
the
same
yeare
,
in
the.
28.
day
of
February
thrée
sunnes
with
diuers
circles
were
séen●
at
Antwarpe
.
In
the
yeare
of
our
Lorde
.
1553.
on
the
Saterday
before
Palme
Sunday
,
in
the
morning
betweene
seauen
and
eyght
,
thrée
sunnes
appeared
,
of
which
the
middle
shyned
the
brighter
,
and
the
other
two
of
eyther
side
,
red
and
bloudie
.
These
being
set
,
and
in
the
night
tyme
,
thrée
Moones
were
séene
.
In
the
yeare
.
1554.
in
Bauaria
,
and
in
the
borders
of
the
same
Countrie
,
in
the
Moneth
of
March
,
sundrie
maner
Sunnes
were
séene
,
with
certaine
celestiall
circles
.
At
Ingolstadie
in
Germany
,
in
the
sixt
day
of
March
,
two
Sunnes
with
a
Rainebow
,
betwéene
eyght
and
nine
in
the
forenoone
.
At
Norenberge
,
in
the
23.
day
of
March
,
about
one
at
after
noone
,
both
Sunnes
and
Arckes
appeared
togither
included
wyth
christalline
circles
,
for
thrée
houres
togither
,
with
a
beame
into
a
iust
length
extensed
.
In
the
yere
.
1555.
the
tenth
day
of
Februarie
,
thrée
Sunnes
were
séene
,
in
the
yeare
1556.
in
the
thirde
Caldends
of
August
,
nere
Basill
,
the
firmament
being
cléere
,
thrée
Sunnes
were
séene
togither
.
In
the
same
yeare
,
in
the
sixt
daye
of
December
,
the
singuler
learned
of
the
Vniuersitie
of
Witebergensis
,
obserued
thrée
sunnes
in
the
Firmament
.
In
the
yere
.
1567.
on
saint
Steuens
day
,
in
the
tenth
houre
before
noone
at
Francoforde
were
thrée
sunnes
verie
bright
séene
,
for
an
houre
and
a
halfe
:
of
which
the
one
towarde
the
East
,
the
other
towarde
the
West
placed
,
and
a
celestiall
Bowe
in
the
top
of
heauen
,
that
turned
againe
the
backe
to
the
thrée
sunnes
.
And
in
the
same
yeare
were
séene
againe
thrée
sunnes
,
in
the
fourth
daye
of
Maye
,
about
the
seauenth
houre
at
euening
.
Of
thunder
,
what
the
●ame
is
.
THunder
is
a
fearefull
noyse
in
a
thicke
clowde
,
which
is
forced
by
an
exhalation
hote
and
drie
,
included
wythin
a
clowde
,
which
with
a
rumbling
séeking
issue
forth
,
brasteth
out
b●
great
violence
,
and
on
eche
side
beateth
and
shaketh
the
clowde
.
Plynie
reporteth
,
that
it
is
a
noyse
caused
through
the
quarter
of
the
compact
fyre
breaking
out
of
the
clowde
.
Or
it
may
thus
be
defined
,
that
the
thunder
is
a
noyse
caused
in
the
clowdes
,
through
the
dryuing
and
smyting
of
the
exhalation
vnto
the
sides
of
the
clowde
.
Albertus
wryteth
,
that
it
is
the
crack
and
noyse
of
a
drie
vapour
,
issuing
forth
of
a
moyst
clowde
.
Seneca
in
his
second
booke
,
of
naturall
questions
,
thus
defineth
thunder
:
it
is
a
spirite
or
breath
(
sayth
he
)
running
in
the
clowdes
that
causeth
the
thunder
:
and
after
it
hath
contended
wyth
the
resistant
matter
brasteth
out
,
which
in
that
running
awaye
kindleth
the
fyre
.
And
the
variety
of
the
noyses
or
rumbling
of
the
thunder
:
is
caused
of
the
same
:
that
the
clowdes
be
vnequall
,
and
that
they
haue
as
it
were
certayne
hollow
places
,
and
are
no
where
whole
togither
.
The
kindes
of
thunder
.
THe
thunder
is
,
after
two
maner
or
wayes
:
For
the
thunder
is
eyther
vehement
or
great
:
or
else
weake
or
small
.
The
thunder
weake
or
small
,
is
when
an
exhalation
runneth
forth
in
the
clowde●
and
is
driuen
from
side
to
side
without
rupture
and
breaking
of
the
clowde
.
And
this
is
,
after
thrée
wayes
,
as
crashing
,
whistling
,
and
blowing
.
1.
The
same
crashing
,
or
making
a
noyse
like
to
the
rubbing
of
a
coarde
,
is
caused
through
the
smyting
of
clowds
,
which
euen
then
are
chaunged
into
water
:
and
it
is
like
to
the
noyse
,
which
is
heard
,
in
the
quenching
of
a
hote
burning
yron
in
colde
water
.
2.
The
same
whistling
is
,
when
the
exhalation
is
not
yet
kindled
,
nor
forted
forth
,
and
that
the
clowdes
in
thicknesse
are
not
a
like
equall
:
so
that
in
diuers
partes
of
them
,
especially
in
the
thinner
,
doth
the
exhalation
brast
forth
.
Of
which
,
this
whisteling
thunder
is
the
like
noyse
,
as
is
of
the
winds
blowing
stronglye
through
narrow
holes
:
where
the
vapour
not
yet
forced
forwarde
by
dyuers
partes
of
the
clowde
,
breaketh
in
the
ende
through
the
thinner
.
3.
The
blowing
thunder
is
,
when
the
clowde
is
so
weake
,
that
it
can
not
keepe
the
exhalation
kindled
.
So
that
before
the
vapour
is
kindled
,
the
same
issueth
forth
without
anye
vehement
noyse
,
euen
lyke
the
noyse
that
the
Smithes
Bellowes
cause
or
make
.
The
vehement
or
great
thunder
is
,
when
the
exhalation
strongly
and
vehemently
cutteth
or
breaketh
the
clowde
,
through
which
a
fearefull
noyse
is
caused
,
euen
like
to
the
tearing
of
a
broade
cloth
.
And
this
is
,
fower
maner
of
wayes
:
as
eyther
it
is
rumbling
,
eyther
breaking
or
tearing
a
sunder
,
eyther
violent
,
or
cracking
.
1.
The
same
rumbling
or
making
a
hydeous
noyse
is
,
when
the
vapour
or
exhalation
shaketh
the
clowde
with
a
certain
rumbling
,
but
medleth
not
togither
.
The
thunder
also
is
a
sounding
which
maketh
a
noise
▪
lyke
to
the
humming
of
many
men
talking
in
a
Cloyster
or
such
like
vaulted
place
:
as
when
the
vapour
doth
so
much
smite
the
sides
of
the
clowde
,
but
not
cleaueth
,
and
that
flame
then
appeareth
,
as
it
were
thorow
a
clothe
torne
a
sunder
.
2.
The
thunder
cutting
is
the
same
,
which
first
smiteth
it
,
but
after
cutteth
out
the
clowde
,
which
noyse
immediatly
sheweth
the
thwart
lightning
brasting
forth
.
The
violent
thunder
is
the
same
,
which
by
one
inforcement
cleaueth
the
clowde
.
3.
The
thunder
cracking
or
shaking
is
,
when
the
exhalation
kindled
,
deuydeth
the
clowde
,
of
which
certayne
partes
issue
.
This
kinde
of
thunder
maketh
the
lyke
noyse
,
as
the
cracking
of
wet
woode
,
burning
in
the
fyre
.
For
it
is
a
vapour
kindled
and
dry
,
which
in
the
issuing
breaketh
a
sunder
the
clowde
,
euen
like
as
air
Egge
layed
on
coales
that
brasteth
.
The
efficient
cause
of
the
thunder
,
is
the
sunne
working
with
the
other
hote
starres
,
as
the
Astrologians
report
.
For
when
the
Sunne
,
Iupiter
,
Mars
,
and
Mercurie
,
are
placed
in
hote
signes
,
and
fete
places
,
especially
when
Iupiter
is
ioyned
to
Mars
,
by
any
condition
of
beames
,
are
woont
to
cause
thunder
,
and
to
prepare
the
matter
of
them
.
The
matter
of
the
thunder
is
a
compounde
vapour
,
or
an
exhalation
very
hote
and
drie
,
conioyned
with
a
moyst
vapour
.
This
matter
is
drawne
up
by
the
heate
of
the
sunne
,
vnto
the
middle
region
of
the
ayre
,
where
it
chaungeth
into
a
moyste
clowde
,
or
is
togyther
eleuated
wyth
a
moyst
vapour
,
as
affirmeth
Aristotle
,
by
which
compa●ed
and
thrust
togither
,
in
the
ende
brasteth
forth
.
A
question
might
here
be
moued
,
how
it
hapneth
,
that
thunder
is
sometimes
heard
in
the
ayre
,
and
no
clowds
appearing
.
The
aunswere
is
,
that
the
same
hap●eth
,
when
the
exhalation
is
beaten
back●●
by
the
middle
region
of
the
ayre
,
and
kind●●d
,
for
so
much
it
cleaueth
then
the
aire
méeting
it
,
and
breaketh
open
the
same
,
through
which
it
causeth
a
little
or
low
noise
of
thunder
:
euen
like
the
noyse
that
are
heard
sometimes
in
the
ayre
,
after
the
maner
of
armed
horsemen
swift
ryding
.
What
the
finall
cause
of
the
thunder
.
THe
finall
causes
and
effects
of
the
thunder
,
are
well
wayed
and
knowne
in
that
the
ayre
first
by
the
thunder
is
purged
,
and
the
euill
vapours
consumed
,
yea
the
pestilence
and
other
contagiousnesse
often
clensed
and
put
away
.
In
the
seconde
,
for
that
the
thunders
doe
often
bring
showres
with
them
,
through
which
the
earth
plentifully
yéeldeth
.
In
the
thirde
,
the
almightie
God
thundereth
in
the
clowdes
,
to
the
ende
that
men
may
be
procured
vnto
a
due
reuerence
and
feare
towardes
him
:
and
they
abashed
,
and
warned
of
the
deuine
yre
,
may
heartily
repent
them
,
as
it
is
written
in
the
.104
.
Psalme
:
at
the
voyce
of
the
thunder
shall
the
people
be
afrayde
.
In
the
fourth
,
that
the
wicked
,
obstinàte
,
and
impenitent
,
which
euen
like
Gyaunts
wage
battle
against
heauen
,
maye
be
destroyed
eyther
with
lightning
,
Thunder
,
Hayle
,
and
such
darts
of
God
,
as
the
Historie
mencioneth
of
the
people
in
Egipt
,
vnto
the
Mount
Synay
.
What
the
colours
of
the
clowdes
warne
and
foreshew
in
the
thunders
.
THe
clowde
in
the
thunder
being
whyte
,
is
little
or
nothing
to
be
feared
.
For
it
signifieth
the
exhalation
to
be
weake
,
and
the
great
abundance
of
vapours
.
2
The
clowde
in
the
thunder
being
very
blacke
,
pressing
the
vapour
strongly
togyther
through
his
thicknesse
,
sendeth
a
noyse
lightly
forth
very
feareful
:
especially
when
the
inner
fume
copious
and
thicker
,
can
not
be
broken
or
deuided
a
sunder
,
wythout
a
great
inforcement
.
3.
The
clowde
from
black
waxing
red
,
or
being
red
,
procureth
a
mightier
cracke
and
noyse
,
than
the
black
clowde
.
For
thys
is
verie
thick
,
and
hath
or
contayneth
much
of
the
fyrie
vapour
.
4.
The
clowde
with
a
blackish
rednesse
waxing
gréene
,
or
appearing
gréene
,
is
the
most
perillous
of
all
,
and
verie
much
to
be
feared
,
if
the
same
consisteth
or
abydeth
directly
ouer
any
Citte
or
house
.
This
clowde
for
the
rednesse
,
hath
many
fyrie
vapours
:
For
the
blacknesse
,
an
aboundant
vapour
thickned
togither
:
For
the
gréenenesse
,
the
mightie
aboundance
of
water
.
Of
these
,
a
mightie
and
fearefull
rumbling
,
is
to
be
looked
for
in
the
ayre
.
5.
The
same
clowde
,
often
sheddeth
and
sendeth
downe
mightie
hayle
,
and
prodigious
stories
in
the
lightnings
,
not
wythout
most
grieuous
losse
and
destruction
,
both
of
men
,
beasts
,
Cities
,
and
other
matters
.
The
cause
why
before
,
and
after
the
thunder
,
mightie
or
stormy
windes
arise
,
is
forhat
the
hotter
and
drier
part
of
the
exhala●●n
pressed
togither
of
the
colde
clowde
compassing
about
,
which
through
his
drynesse
●iercing
the
clowde
,
and
issuing
forth
,
doth
mooue
the
ayre
,
and
causeth
the
winde
.
So
●hat
after
the
clowde
broken
,
and
the
vapour
driuen
or
sent
forth
in
the
ayre
:
expe●●ence
teacheth
,
that
the
windes
by
a
great
●●forcement
to
be
mooued
or
driuen
for●arde
.
The
cause
why
the
verie
often
thunde●●gs
,
threaten
the
Pestilence
most
grieuous
,
and
murrayne
to
beastes
,
and
the
corruption
also
to
crescent
things
which
we
féede
vpon
:
is
for
that
the
corrupt
vapours
,
grosse
and
clammy
,
drawne
vp
with
the
vapour
and
exhalation
,
corrupting
the
lowest
region
of
the
ayre
,
are
shed
againe
,
and
infect
the
ayre
.
Cardanus
writeth
,
that
those
thundrings
be
daungerous
,
which
contynue
about
an
houre
,
and
they
foreshew
to
that
region
in
which
they
happen
,
battailes
,
and
seditions
for
the
more
part
,
and
a
most
great
desolation
to
come
.
The
daylie
experience
instructeth
vs
,
that
through
the
thunder
vehemently
rumbling
,
and
the
lightning
:
both
Wyne
,
and
Beere
sellars
are
greatly
harmed
.
For
the
Wines
lose
their
colour
,
and
naturall
tast
,
through
the
fyrie
heate
,
and
vertue
pierceing
,
and
burning
.
The
Béere
,
or
Ale
,
also
through
the
mightie
noyse
,
and
violent
motion
,
purchaseth
an
egernesse
:
by
which
it
is
caused
lesse
apt
to
be
drunke
.
And
although
the
Sommer
heate
be
the
especiall
cause
,
that
drinkes
,
and
liquors
sowre
or
be
eager
:
ye
the
thunder
and
lightning
,
procure
a
sodaine
alteration
,
yea
in
the
Winter
Moneths
,
when
the
heate
by
little
and
little
causeth
the
same
.
The
drinkes
and
Wines
layde
in
a
déepe
seller
vaulted
,
receyue
lesser
harme
of
the
thunder
,
than
those
layde
a
highe
in
a
bourded
seller
.
The
Vinters
vse
plates
of
yron
with
salt
,
or
with
Flint-stones
,
or
with
the
braunches
of
the
Bay
or
Walnut
trée
,
and
put
them
on
the
vessels
:
when
the
béere
or
Ale
hath
lost
the
naturall
taste
,
or
waxeth
sowre
,
you
maye
help
eche
with
Phisick
and
swéete
smelling
things
,
&
purchase
the
proper
taste
of
these
,
as
with
the
roote
of
the
Flower
de
Luce
,
the
Ginger
,
the
Nutmegge
,
the
Cloues
,
the
Bay
berries
,
and
the
drie
leaues
of
the
same
,
the
Calamus
odoratus
,
the
Organy
,
the
Béetes
.
&c.
The
Wines
sowred
,
and
hauing
lost
the
naturall
colour
,
through
the
mightie
noyse
of
the
thunder
,
may
be
recouered
both
of
the
colour
and
proper
tast
:
if
●o
be
the
Wines
shifted
into
other
vessels
being
well
washed
,
and
this
decoction
,
that
is
,
of
the
Bay
leaues
,
the
Myrtill
tree
,
the
Fennell
,
the
Iuniper
berries
,
and
Orminium
,
infused
before
for
a
tyme
in
the
vessels
,
and
after
the
drying
,
the
Wines
ponred
in
.
Certaine
foreknowledges
of
thunder
.
THe
prognosticatings
of
tempestes
,
are
not
onely
pleasaunt
to
be
knowne
,
but
right
profitable
to
be
learned
:
as
well
of
husbandmen
,
as
of
those
trauelling
by
sea
and
lande
.
Of
which
,
onely
certayne
generall
of
Thunders
,
shall
here
briefely
be
vttered
,
that
may
rightly
be
applyed
.
1.
The
Sunne
in
the
morning
,
or
at
Euening
in
the
Sommer
tyme
,
and
vnto
these
(
the
haruest
beginning
,
and
the
spring
quite
gone
)
with
an
accustomed
heate
shyning
:
séene
also
in
a
hollow
and
bigge
or
verie
thick
clowde
,
threatneth
great
thunder
to
follow
.
2.
The
shootings
in
the
night
,
out
of
the
foure
quarters
of
the
world
(
a
black
clowde
arysing
out
of
the
South
)
wastingly
running
,
doe
eyther
foreshew
thunder
&
lightnings
to
followe
,
or
a
mightie
comming
of
windes
verie
tempestious
blowing
in
that
region
,
and
these
according
to
the
season
of
the
yere
.
3.
If
a
boysterous
whirle
winde
,
vehemently
blowing
,
hapneth
eyther
in
the
Sommer
,
the
spring
,
or
haruest
,
that
shall
lift
or
take
vp
strawes
,
dust
,
&
other
things
by
a
sodaine
,
and
the
element
spred
or
couered
with
black
clowdes
:
doth
portend
thunder
,
and
showres
of
raine
to
be
at
hande
.
4.
If
the
Sommer
and
hote
dayes
,
and
those
which
went
before
them
of
the
spring
,
and
the
haruest
dayes
that
folow
,
waxe
and
be
hote
aboue
the
season
of
the
yeare
:
and
a
Rainebow
sheweth
it selfe
at
the
Weste
(
in
the
going
downe
of
the
Sunne
)
pronosticateth
fearefull
thunder
,
&
lightnings
greatly
to
be
doubted
.
5.
The
morning
thunder
,
and
in
the
Winter
time
,
doth
pronounce
winde
and
showers
of
raine
:
but
the
noone
tyme
thunders
,
especially
foreshew
great
showers
.
6.
Thunderings
moued
and
heard
in
the
last
houre
of
the
daye
(
as
at
Euening
)
doe
eyther
demonstrate
a
mightie
tempest
of
the
Sea
,
or
the
celestiall
yre
.
7.
In
the
Sommer
,
if
it
lesse
thundreth
,
than
lightneth
,
signifieth
raine
to
insue
.
8.
The
Sommer
thundrings
,
hapning
at
noone
,
and
at
Euening
,
is
a
note
of
raine
to
folow
.
9.
If
mightily
thundring
,
it
then
rayneth
not
,
yet
doth
it
shewe
raine
comming
for
the
more
part
:
and
this
hapneth
according
to
the
condition
of
the
ayre
,
and
season
of
the
yeare
.
10.
Plynie
affirmeth
,
that
if
it
shal
thunder
,
when
Hennes
doe
sit
,
that
the
Egges
to
perishe
:
but
this
generally
,
doe
women
(
of
experience
)
denie
.
11.
Hermes
,
an
obseruer
of
celestiall
matters
wryteth
:
that
the
thunders
of
Ianuarie
,
to
promise
mightie
windes
,
and
the
aboundaunce
of
corne
.
The
thundring
in
February
,
threatneth
the
death
of
manye
,
and
especially
of
the
riche
.
The
thundring
in
the
Moneth
of
March
,
portendeth
mightie
windes
,
firtylitie
,
and
populare
battels
.
The
thunders
of
Aprill
,
promise
a
good
and
ioyous
yere
.
The
thundering
in
May
,
thretneth
famine
and
scarcitie
.
The
thunders
of
Iune
,
signifie
a
fruitfull
yéelde
,
and
the
plentie
of
victuals
.
The
thunders
of
Iuly
,
promise
a
plentifull
increase
of
victuals
,
but
the
scarcitie
of
fruites
.
The
thundring
in
August
,
portendeth
a
prosperous
estate
of
the
common
welth
,
but
many
diseases
and
sicknesses
.
The
thunders
of
September
,
signifieth
firtilitie
,
but
the
death
of
the
Nobilitie
.
The
thundring
in
October
,
pronounceth
mightie
windes
,
with
the
scarcitie
of
fruites
and
victuals
.
The
thunders
of
Nouember
,
promise
the
large
increase
of
corne
,
and
ioy
to
men
.
The
thunders
of
December
,
declare
the
aboundance
of
victuals
,
and
agréement
of
the
people
.
The
learned
Beda
wryteth
,
that
if
thunder
be
first
heard
,
comming
out
of
the
East
quarter
,
the
same
foresheweth
before
the
yere
go
about
or
be
ended
,
the
great
effusion
of
bloud
.
That
if
thunder
first
heard
out
of
the
West
quarter
,
then
mortalitie
,
and
a
grieuous
plague
to
insue
.
That
if
thunder
be
first
heard
out
of
the
South
quarter
,
threatneth
the
death
of
many
by
shipwrack
.
That
if
thunder
be
first
heard
out
of
the
North
quarter
,
doth
then
portend
the
death
of
wicked
persons
,
and
the
ouerthrowe
of
many
.
Other
obseruations
of
the
auncient
,
that
may
be
vsed
of
any
that
will
,
without
superstition
,
as
touching
the
thunder
,
may
a
man
further
reade
,
in
my
booke
of
the
Myrrour
of
time
.
Of
that
lightning
named
Fulgur
what
the
same
is
,
and
of
the
others
.
IT
is
an
exhalation
kindled
through
the
often
agitation
,
like
to
towe
,
by
which
the
matter
séeketh
issue
,
which
yet
to
the
earth
falleth
not
:
or
the
same
is
,
when
the
onely
fyre
sheweth
:
So
that
the
same
is
caused
,
when
the
clowde
is
thinne
,
and
yéeldeth
to
the
breaking
forth
of
the
fyre
without
noyse
.
The
lyke
is
that
named
Fulgetrum
,
sauing
that
it
sheweth
weaker
,
and
of
lesser
light
:
although
many
name
the
Fulgetrum
,
to
be
the
often
repeatings
togither
of
the
fyre
,
which
the
lyke
are
vsuall
in
Haruest
.
That
flashing
much
lyke
a
glistring
light
,
is
the
same
which
out
of
the
kindled
exhalation
aryseth
,
which
by
the
sides
of
the
clowde
is
forced
and
driuen
forth
.
Or
it
is
the
sodaine
appearance
through
time
,
of
the
subtill
vapour
and
kindled
,
running
along
by
the
ayre
,
which
is
discerned
,
before
the
thunder
be
heard
:
and
no
marueyle
,
in
that
the
light
is
farre
swifter
than
the
noyse
,
and
the
sight
alwayes
goeth
before
the
hearing
,
as
by
a
like
in
the
cutting
of
timber
:
yet
after
nature
,
is
the
light
the
later
.
For
the
exhalation
hote
and
drie
,
is
caried
into
the
middle
region
of
the
ayre
,
and
before
it
higher
assendeth
,
of
the
vapour
togither
eleuated
,
and
forced
into
a
thick
clowde
,
is
the
same
compassed
and
included
:
and
when
it
can
delate
it selfe
no
more
,
through
the
waterie
and
colde
clowde
,
it
then
wandreth
about
the
whole
clowde
,
and
séeketh
issue
forth
,
which
when
it
findeth
not
,
as
disdayning
breaketh
then
the
clowde
,
through
which
violent
breaking
forth
,
is
that
noyse
caused
,
which
we
name
the
thunder
:
and
togither
with
that
motion
,
in
which
it
wandred
by
the
clowde
,
and
claue
the
clowde
,
is
the
same
kindled
:
and
when
this
sparseth
the
flame
as
it
were
abroad
in
the
ayre
,
then
is
it
named
Fulgur
.
The
difference
betwéene
the
thunder
and
broade
lightning
is
,
that
the
thunder
is
the
selfe
same
noyse
in
the
ayre
,
which
the
vapour
causeth
running
in
the
clowde
,
and
séeking
issue
forth
:
But
the
broade
lightning
is
the
selfe
same
fyerie
brightnesse
,
which
aryseth
of
the
vapour
issued
and
kindled
.
For
when
it
contended
through
the
resistaunce
,
and
brake
forth
,
that
flying
away
kindled
the
fyre
.
The
flashing
lightning
properly
is
none
other
,
than
a
brightnesse
of
the
exhalation
kindled
,
and
breaking
forth
of
the
clowde
,
which
shyneth
abroade
in
the
ayre
.
But
that
named
Fulgetrum
,
is
a
lesser
lightning
,
and
darcker
flame
in
the
aire
.
So
that
the
same
is
named
Fulmen
or
the
perillousser
lightning
,
when
the
whole
exhalation
kindled
is
sent
downewarde
.
But
that
weaker
lightning
named
Fulgur
,
is
when
the
brightnesse
onely
of
that
exhalation
kindled
,
shyneth
in
the
aire
.
Thus
Seneca
reporteth
,
in
the
first
booke
of
naturall
questions
.
That
the
clowdes
meanely
smyting
togyther
,
cause
the
weake
lightnings
:
but
the
clowdes
smyting
togyther
by
a
greater
force
,
cause
the
violent
lightnings
.
The
diuersitie
of
colours
in
the
lightning
,
procéedeth
of
the
diuersitie
of
matter
,
in
that
one
whiles
whyte
and
cléere
,
an
other
whyles
yealow
and
darke
,
and
other
whiles
red
,
and
fumous
or
darke
it
appeareth
:
euen
as
the
dyuers
colours
,
that
are
discerned
in
the
clowdes
.
The
whyte
and
cléere
lightning
,
procéedeth
of
the
subtill
and
thinne
vapour
:
or
of
a
thinne
exhalation
,
in
a
clowde
ouer
waterie
,
whereof
it
sustaineth
not
a
vehement
heate
and
burning
.
Hereof
the
bodyes
,
which
this
toucheth
,
doth
it
little
or
nothing
burne
,
so
that
more
by
beame
,
than
by
the
fyre
,
doth
it
harme
.
This
sometymes
is
profitable
to
fruites
,
and
a
little
to
the
leaues
of
Trées
,
if
it
hapneth
in
an
apt
place
,
and
time
.
The
darcke
yealow
lightning
,
procéedeth
of
a
thinne
and
somewhat
clammye
fume
,
in
which
the
flame
is
shyning
,
and
portendeth
a
vehement
heate
and
perillous
fyre
,
if
the
same
especially
be
sent
downewarde
.
The
red
lightning
is
caused
,
through
a
thicke
clowde
,
and
the
exhalation
well
fermented
or
mixed
togither
,
which
brasteth
forth
with
a
terrible
noyse
in
the
swelling
ayre
.
The
grosser
vapour
of
this
hardly
kindled
,
procureth
a
verie
daungerous
flame
,
which
euen
through
the
middle
of
the
raine
forceth
and
worketh
his
fearefull
properties
.
This
lightning
many
times
,
setteth
cities
on
fire
,
and
burneth
euen
into
the
earth
,
water
not
preuayling
or
able
to
resist
it
(
such
is
the
mightie
force
of
this
celestiall
fyre
)
that
so
violently
and
grieuously
destroyeth
.
The
fumous
and
somewhat
black
lightning
,
procéedeth
of
a
verie
earthly
and
obscure
,
yet
a
matter
mightily
burning
,
whose
clowde
,
in
that
it
containeth
very
much
of
the
viscous
moysture
,
is
woont
to
fabricate
or
forme
a
black
or
yronnie
stone
,
which
in
the
shot
sent
forth
,
burneth
hastilye
mightie
bodyes
of
trées
,
and
sundrie
other
most
solide
matters
,
without
shewe
or
signe
left
behinde
:
yea
,
these
and
other
matters
this
cleaueth
,
destroyeth
,
and
vtterly
wasteth
.
The
lightnings
in
the
night
,
are
playner
and
more
apparant
,
then
in
the
day
time
,
through
the
Sunnes
presence
,
by
whose
beames
and
light
aboue
the
earth
,
euen
great
lightnings
are
hidden
in
the
ayre
to
be
séene
.
Here
note
,
that
many
persons
are
often
made
blynde
,
or
euer
after
molested
with
a
dimnesse
of
sight
,
which
doe
looke
but
with
winking
eies
on
the
lightnings
:
much
more
daungerous
thought
,
to
looke
on
it
with
open
eyes
.
The
fishes
,
and
any
maner
cattle
,
smitten
with
the
mightier
lightning
,
is
daungerous
to
eate
,
in
that
the
fleshe
and
meate
of
such
are
infected
with
a
venimous
qualitye
,
as
by
triall
hath
bene
obserued
.
Of
the
fearefull
and
violent
lightning
.
THis
that
the
Phisitions
properly
name
lightning
,
is
a
common
name
,
which
is
referred
and
applied
vnto
euery
exhalation
,
which
burning
brasteth
forth
of
the
clowds
.
So
that
the
lightning
is
referred
vnto
the
same
exhalation
,
which
thickned
and
gathered
rounde
in
the
middle
of
the
clowde
,
smyteth
or
beateth
the
clowde
by
a
longer
space
,
and
through
the
motion
kindled
,
it
at
the
last
cleaueth
&
breaketh
through
the
clowde
,
and
is
sent
violently
to
the
earth
.
For
the
fyre
forced
of
the
clowde
,
is
cast
to
the
earth
:
euen
as
the
motion
caused
,
in
the
burning
of
gréene
wood
.
For
that
cause
is
this
rightly
named
lightning
,
when
the
fire
sent
forth
of
the
clowdes
,
is
caried
euen
vnto
the
earth
,
and
eyther
doth
it
burne
,
eyther
breake
,
or
hurt
somewhat
on
the
earth
.
The
flashing
light
,
and
the
lightning
,
doe
not
differ
in
the
substance
,
but
rather
in
the
forme
and
maner
:
for
the
flashing
light
is
a
fyre
lightlier
kindled
,
which
sparsed
vnder
the
clowdes
,
higher
shyneth
in
the
aire
.
But
the
lightning
is
that
exhalation
,
which
when
the
same
is
sent
forth
of
the
clowde
,
falleth
to
the
earth
.
The
engendring
of
the
lightning
,
thus
appeareth
:
that
when
the
vapour
driuen
or
moued
in
the
clowde
is
kindled
and
brasteth
out
of
the
moyst
clowde
,
then
moystened
agayne
and
gathered
togyther
,
as
it
were
into
a
certain
Masse
,
which
stirred
and
moued
agayne
is
so
hardened
,
euen
as
clay
dryed
and
hardned
by
the
heate
of
fyre
.
This
Masse
on
thys
wise
baked
and
hardned
,
is
named
the
lightning
.
So
that
the
same
is
ingendred
of
a
thicke
vapour
,
dry
and
viscouse
,
which
is
gathered
rounde
togyther
of
the
colde
vapours
,
and
breaking
forth
by
great
force
and
noyse
,
and
discending
euen
to
the
earth
,
cleaueth
,
ouerthroweth
,
windeth
about
,
scattereth
into
manye
partes
,
yea
destroyeth
and
consumeth
by
diuers
meanes
,
bodyes
there
found
hard
and
solyde
,
through
the
motion
,
light
,
and
blast
.
Howe
many
kindes
of
lightning
there
are
,
can
hardly
be
vttered
,
in
that
the
nature
of
the
lightning
is
so
dyuers
and
marueylous
,
through
which
a
sufficient
reason
of
the
same
can
scarcely
be
giuen
.
Yet
marueylous
are
the
workes
of
lightnings
,
if
a
man
well
consider
them
:
and
nothing
to
be
doubted
at
,
but
that
a
secret
and
diuine
power
consisteth
in
them
.
Also
certaine
it
is
,
that
the
lightnings
not
to
procéede
or
come
by
hap
,
nor
onely
caused
through
the
motion
of
the
matter
,
in
that
these
sometimes
are
caused
and
sent
downe
by
the
almightie
God
gouerning
,
nor
such
can
be
applyed
vnto
natural
causes
,
in
that
they
often
foreshew
some
euill
,
and
cal
men
to
repentaunce
.
Yet
is
their
studie
to
be
commended
,
which
(
after
the
possibilitie
of
mans
nature
)
haue
diligently
sought
out
,
the
causes
of
these
matters
.
To
be
briefe
,
Aristotle
,
Plynie
,
Seneca
,
and
others
,
doe
make
thrée
differences
of
lightnings
,
and
these
,
according
to
the
diuersitie
of
the
matter
and
effect
,
vnto
which
al
the
other
kinds
may
be
referred
and
reduced
.
For
the
one
kinde
is
cutting
a
sunder
,
an
other
making
swartishe
,
and
the
thirde
burning
:
or
there
is
one
astonishing
or
causing
stiffe
,
an
other
blacke
burning
or
fumous
,
and
an
other
cléere
or
flaming
.
1.
The
lightnings
cutting
,
are
those
:
which
doe
not
burne
,
but
doe
pierce
and
part
in
sunder
things
resisting
,
through
the
qualitie
of
the
matter
,
of
which
consist
,
the
great
drowte
and
plentie
of
windes
and
spirites
,
which
they
violently
take
wyth
them
.
For
these
breake
and
part
into
small
péeces
the
obiect
matter
,
before
that
it
can
be
burned
of
the
lightning
.
In
that
the
vapour
is
swifter
then
the
lightning
.
Otherwise
is
the
same
named
astonishing
,
not
burning
,
but
pierceing
and
parting
into
small
péeces
.
For
such
is
the
purenesse
and
thinnesse
of
the
flame
,
that
it
maye
pierce
through
most
straight
places
,
and
for
the
mightie
sturdinesse
of
the
matter
,
maye
especially
part
into
peeces
.
For
the
spirite
or
drie
vapour
is
carted
forth
of
the
clowde
,
with
a
most
swift
motion
,
and
thus
entred
into
bodies
full
of
poores
and
penetrable
,
it
parteth
them
in
péeces
.
So
that
this
kinde
of
lyghtning
,
is
named
the
astonishing
lightning
,
throughe
the
colde
expelled
by
heat
:
for
that
it
consisteth
of
the
mightiest
vertues
,
and
is
of
a
marueylous
nature
,
and
by
a
most
swifte
motion
also
doth
the
spirite
or
drie
vapour
consume
all
thinges
.
This
burneth
man
inwarde
,
and
consumeth
the
bodie
to
ashes
,
without
harming
the
garments
,
it
slayeth
the
yongling
in
the
wombe
,
without
harme
to
the
mother
,
it
consumeth
money
,
the
purses
remayning
whole
,
it
melteth
the
sworde
the
sheath
being
whole
,
it
harmeth
the
hande
the
gloue
not
perished
,
and
the
vessell
broken
,
it
so
astonisheth
the
wine
,
that
for
thrée
dayes
after
,
the
wine
sheddeth
or
runneth
not
forth
.
For
the
matter
of
this
lightning
,
is
verie
subtill
,
and
lightly
pierceing
the
thing
striken
:
so
that
it
burneth
those
matters
which
resist
it
,
as
stones
,
yron
,
and
such
like
.
Here
note
an
example
,
of
one
Martia
an
honorable
woman
of
Rome
,
who
being
with
child
,
had
the
yongling
striken
and
kylled
of
the
lightning
in
hir
wombe
,
and
she
abode
without
harme
:
and
if
the
hystories
be
true
,
she
escaped
after
without
harme
.
Eutropius
reporteth
,
that
a
marueylous
kinde
of
lightning
,
hapned
on
the
birth
day
of
Cicero
,
which
was
on
this
wise
:
a
certayne
Mayden
of
Rome
iourneying
into
Apulia
,
was
smitten
by
the
way
with
the
stroke
of
lightning
,
all
the
garments
shifted
from
hir
body
without
cutting
a
sunder
,
and
both
the
Tyre
and
knittings
on
the
breast
,
legges
,
and
féete
consumed
,
the
Bracelets
,
Kings
,
and
other
ornamentes
molten
,
so
that
shée
lay
naked
on
the
grounde
,
the
body
not
harmed
.
And
the
horse
with
the
same
slayne
,
lay
bare
,
hauing
neyther
brydle
,
saddle
,
nor
no
furnyture
on
hym
.
&c.
2.
The
lightning
making
swartishe
,
is
the
same
which
burneth
not
,
but
for
the
paucytie
and
thinnesse
of
matter
onely
maketh
swartishe
or
darke
browne
the
resistaunt
matters
,
euen
like
the
smoked
partes
couloured
of
fyre
,
that
can
not
burne
.
Otherwise
is
the
same
named
blackishe
to
smoke
:
in
that
all
thinges
which
this
smyteth
both
wythin
and
without
,
it
maketh
blackishe
,
euen
like
soote
of
a
small
time
made
,
and
leaueth
behinde
a
shew
&
note
of
a
fyrie
smoke
,
and
for
the
ouermuch
subtilnesse
and
thynnesse
,
it
flyeth
out
and
pierceth
,
before
that
it
can
burne
the
resistaunt
matter
.
As
may
euidently
appéere
by
the
vines
,
trées
,
corne
,
and
herbes
,
blasted
with
this
lightning
.
3.
The
lightning
burning
,
is
the
same
which
hauing
much
of
the
earthly
matter
,
when
it
is
sent
downe
,
striketh
and
entreth
into
the
thinner
bodyes
,
and
smyting
into
solyde
bodyes
forthwith
dissolueth
,
destroyeth
and
wasteth
,
whose
force
for
troth
is
to
be
marueyled
at
.
Otherwise
is
the
same
reported
to
be
cléere
and
flaming
.
This
lightning
is
diuersly
caused
:
For
the
matter
otherwise
of
the
lightning
,
hath
verie
much
of
the
earthly
and
viscous
matter
.
For
which
cause
it
burneth
the
resistaunt
matters
,
especially
if
of
the
same
substaunce
,
which
may
be
burned
,
they
consist
,
and
imprinteth
or
sheweth
the
notes
of
burning
:
yet
the
matter
sometimes
of
the
lightning
,
consisteth
of
the
vapours
,
verie
subtill
and
impure
.
Hereof
the
bodyes
thinne
and
hauing
poores
,
this
entereth
without
any
note
or
shewe
of
hurte
,
and
corrupteth
the
inner
members
:
and
the
solyde
bodyes
resisting
,
doth
it
part
into
péeces
,
&
consumeth
them
.
So
that
this
slayeth
a
man
,
or
anye
lyuing
beast
,
wythout
any
wounde
appearing
,
or
note
of
hurt
.
And
this
also
melteth
the
golde
or
siluer
in
mens
purses
,
the
purses
remayning
vnperished
.
Albertus
magnus
applyeth
vnto
the
lightnings
of
this
kinde
,
the
depriuing
of
sight
,
and
the
swelling
of
the
face
.
For
so
much
as
we
often
sée
men
beholding
the
lightnings
become
blynde
:
yea
and
the
face
by
that
meanes
so
swollen
,
that
a
man
can
hardly
knowe
after
the
person
.
The
same
is
caused
through
the
thinnesse
,
and
porositie
of
our
skinne
and
eyes
,
which
lightly
receiue
the
subtil
vapour
,
so
that
this
corrupteth
the
radicall
moysture
of
the
face
,
and
swelleth
the
face
,
and
dryeth
also
the
radicall
moysture
of
the
eyes
,
through
which
dryed
,
blindnesse
of
necessitie
must
insue
.
In
what
time
of
the
yere
,
the
lightnings
oftner
happen
,
is
here
vttered
:
For
the
sightnings
in
Winter
sildome
appeare
to
vs
,
and
the
reason
(
as
Plynie
reporteth
)
is
in
that
the
materiall
cause
is
not
so
copious
,
as
in
other
times
the
same
is
woont
to
be
:
for
in
the
Winter
tyme
the
exhalation
is
onely
moyst
and
colde
,
which
gathered
into
the
clowdes
,
receyueth
a
verie
hote
force
,
and
although
the
same
shall
not
be
perceyued
,
yet
is
it
sodainely
extinguished
through
the
force
of
the
colde
.
Further
,
euery
vapour
of
the
earth
,
is
stiffe
and
verie
colde
:
For
which
cause
in
Scythia
,
and
in
the
Countries
farther
North
(
it
is
to
be
supposed
)
that
it
sildome
lightneth
.
And
in
Sommer
,
in
the
hotter
Countries
,
fewe
lightnings
are
cau●sed
:
for
that
in
the
Sommer
,
the
exhalatio●
is
onely
hote
and
dry
,
which
in
no
maner
(
o●
verie
hardly
)
can
be
gathered
and
thickne●
into
a
clowde
.
Whereof
in
Aethiopia
,
●●gypt
,
and
in
the
Countries
vnder
the
Tr●●pick
of
Cancer
,
for
the
excéeding
heat
,
lightening
doe
sildome
happen
.
But
with
vs
i●
the
Sommer
time
,
dwelling
Northward●
lightnings
are
oftner
caused
,
in
that
the
heate
of
sommer
is
not
so
great
,
that
it
can
consume
all
the
matter
or
substaunce
of
the
clowdes
.
Euen
so
in
the
meane
seasons
of
the
yere
,
as
in
the
spring
time
,
and
haruest
,
lightnings
are
oftner
caused
:
in
that
the
constitution
of
these
seasons
,
ministreth
to
the
ayre
much
matter
,
as
wel
dry
,
as
moyst
.
The
cause
why
man
or
beast
is
so
slayne
,
that
no
token
of
the
hurt
or
wounde
appeareth
:
is
for
that
the
force
and
subtilnesse
of
the
kindled
vapour
,
by
which
at
a
〈◊〉
pierceth
through
the
skinne
,
and
penetrable
fleshe
,
through
out
porouse
,
and
blasteth
the
vitall
members
with
a
pestilent
poyson
,
and
wyth
the
venymous
qualitie
and
vertue
(
which
all
lightnings
are
named
to
haue
)
it
slayeth
.
The
same
may
verie
well
be
applyed
vnto
the
foote
hurt
,
and
the
shooe
not
perished
,
and
to
the
sap
of
trées
corrupted
,
the
trée
remayning
whole
,
without
any
corruption
of
the
woode
.
The
cause
why
money
is
so
molten
with
the
lightning
,
the
purse
or
money
bagge
remayning
whole
,
and
the
sworde
in
like
maner
,
the
sheath
abyding
vnperished
:
is
for
that
these
bodies
are
porouse
,
which
lightly
yéelde
to
the
mighty
spirite
,
and
subtill
lightning
vapour
,
in
which
if
such
a
mighty
force
of
striking
be
,
through
the
great
violence
,
it
then
parteth
into
small
péeces
the
resistaunt
and
harde
bodyes
:
if
such
a
force
of
burning
,
it
then
melteth
.
Such
is
the
violence
of
this
,
that
it
throweth
downe
pinnacles
of
stone
,
yea
Towers
most
stronglye
wrought
,
and
other
buyldings
,
mightie
stones
also
it
parteth
in
péeces
,
&
such
matters
which
haue
anye
resistaunce
and
hardnesse
in
them
,
this
ouerthroweth
.
The
cause
why
lightnings
often
smyte
most
highe
places
,
as
stéeples
,
towers
,
and
among
trées
,
the
high
Oke
in
especiall
,
and
highe
Mountaynes
:
is
for
that
such
which
be
the
higher
,
are
the
more
open
to
iniuries
of
the
clowdes
in
the
ayre
,
and
by
the
course
running
here
and
there
,
these
bodies
in
the
waye
resisting
,
happen
to
be
striken
and
spoyled
.
And
euerye
agent
mightier
worketh
néere
hand
,
then
that
which
by
a
great
space
is
distaunt
.
The
other
cause
deuine
is
,
in
that
euill
spirits
dwelling
in
the
ayre
,
doe
often
stirre
vp
and
cause
(
through
Gods
suffraunce
)
cruell
tempestes
,
and
spoyle
lyke
places
,
by
Gods
due
vengeaunce
.
The
cause
why
nettes
lying
in
the
water
,
may
be
burned
of
the
lightning
:
is
for
that
the
flame
of
the
same
,
hath
much
of
the
Brimstonie
and
viscous
matter
,
so
that
fallen
into
water
it
may
burne
,
the
same
hauing
attayned
the
due
matter
.
And
the
same
doe
our
Artificers
proue
in
Gunpowder
,
of
which
the
whole
Arte
insueth
the
celestiall
lightnings
.
And
the
lyke
in
a
maner
,
may
a
man
sée
in
lyme
,
which
through
the
powring
vpon
of
water
,
waxeth
hote
and
is
kindled
.
The
cause
why
the
lightning
cutteth
or
parteth
a
vessell
in
péeces
,
or
is
burnt
with
the
lightning
,
the
Wyne
remayning
whole
togither
for
a
certaine
space
,
as
if
the
same
were
coagulated
:
is
through
the
lightning
,
which
hath
verye
much
of
the
Brimstonie
substance
and
viscositie
in
it
,
which
by
piercing
into
the
whole
substance
of
the
Wine
is
sparsed
:
hereof
through
the
heate
,
what
soeuer
is
fast
holding
,
is
forced
and
sent
into
the
furthest
extending
of
the
Wine
,
&
both
dryed
and
boyled
agayne
,
through
the
fyrie
spirite
of
the
lightning
,
that
worketh
a
certaine
skinne
,
which
stayeth
the
Wine
from
running
forth
,
for
a
certaine
time
,
and
the
same
as
it
were
with
a
skinne
compassed
about
retayneth
.
So
that
these
miraculously
are
caused
by
one
inforcement
,
and
as
it
were
in
a
moment
.
The
same
iudgement
,
may
be
vttered
of
the
others
lyke
.
What
the
lightning
Dart
is
.
THe
same
is
the
stone
of
the
lightning
,
as
the
later
wryters
report
,
which
sometimes
in
wedge
forine
,
sometimes
rounde
,
and
sometimes
in
piller
forme
,
falleth
with
a
mightie
force
into
the
earth
,
and
both
cleaueth
,
scattreth
,
destroyeth
,
and
burneth
the
resistaunt
bodyes
and
matters
.
The
manner
of
the
ingendring
of
the
Stone
.
THe
vapour
of
the
lightning
is
drye
,
and
sometimes
somewhat
clammy
,
of
a
certayne
Metallyne
matter
,
earthly
and
thick
,
which
through
the
much
motion
and
diuers
agitation
falling
into
a
moyst
clowde
,
is
conglutynated
(
euen
like
meale
tempered
with
water
,
and
baked
)
and
in
the
ende
hardned
into
a
solyde
yronnie
,
or
stonnie
Masse
,
euen
lyke
potters
clay
,
baked
into
a
stone
.
This
exhalation
aswell
flashing
forth
of
the
clowdes
,
as
the
lightning
,
consisting
for
the
more
part
in
a
gréene
or
black
clowde
bigge
swollen
,
with
a
certayne
clammye
matter
,
gathered
rounde
through
the
colde
moysture
shed
about
of
the
clowde
,
and
a
most
sharpe
heate
folowing
,
procured
of
the
Sunne
and
starres
,
also
through
the
motion
and
colde
expelled
,
is
the
same
hardned
into
a
solyde
and
stonie
bodye
,
in
the
lyke
order
as
the
baked
Tyles
,
which
framed
before
of
moyst
and
soft
clay
,
are
after
through
dryed
and
baked
harde
as
a
stone
of
the
burning
fyre
,
in
the
proper
Tyle
fornace
.
And
the
same
Darte
of
the
lightning
is
sharpned
at
the
neather
ende
,
in
that
the
moysture
mixed
with
the
dryeth
,
searching
to
issue
tendeth
downewarde
,
and
of
the
same
is
there
formed
sharpe
,
but
the
dry
substaunce
is
in
the
vpper
part
gathered
and
framed
rounde
,
as
the
thicker
in
forme
.
And
this
darte
oftentimes
in
the
lightnings
,
worketh
heauy
and
lamentable
haps
on
the
earth
.
The
thinges
which
sildome
or
neuer
,
are
striken
wyth
lightning
,
be
the
Egle
,
the
Bay
trée
,
and
Seale
,
insomuch
that
a
Garland
of
the
Bay
trée
worne
,
defendeth
the
person
from
lightning
,
as
the
auncient
report
.
The
Sellers
,
vaultes
,
or
the
verie
déepe
places
vnder
the
earth
,
are
thought
to
auayle
against
the
lightning
.
In
that
the
auncient
affirme
,
that
the
lightnings
enter
not
aboue
fiue
foote
into
the
earth
.
Of
this
(
Augustus
Caesar
)
as
Hystories
report
,
when
a
tempest
of
thunder
,
and
lightning
hapned
,
he
then
hasted
into
a
déepe
vault
vnder
the
earth
.
Here
note
,
that
no
lightning
is
wyth
out
fyre
.
For
fyrie
it
is
named
,
in
that
the
same
imprinteth
and
sheweth
manifest
signes
of
fire
in
the
burning
,
scorching
,
&
making
swart
.
Also
a
venymous
beast
striken
with
the
lightning
,
they
saye
to
lose
the
poyson
,
or
to
be
purged
of
the
poyson
:
but
the
lightning
stryking
a
beast
not
venymous
,
poysoneth
the
same
,
and
this
hapneth
,
in
that
of
the
same
doing
,
dyuers
effectes
are
sometimes
caused
,
by
reason
of
the
matter
otherwise
disposed
.
Euen
as
it
appeareth
of
a
certaine
winde
,
putting
out
one
Candell
,
and
kindling
or
lightning
an
other
.
Of
the
marueylous
force
,
nature
,
and
miracles
,
of
the
lightnings
.
THe
lightning
receaueth
and
hath
a
dyuers
nature
and
effect
,
in
that
it
cutteth
,
cleaueth
,
burneth
,
and
s●ayeth
beastes
with
the
touching
,
it
sometymes
hapning
venymous
,
burneth
the
hard
,
and
pierceth
the
thinke
bodyes
,
if
it
shall
be
without
burning
,
it
ingendreth
a
violent
and
tempestious
winde
,
in
which
storme
,
trées
are
winded
about
,
houses
and
other
strong
buyldings
throwne
downe
,
and
the
Sea
mightilye
tossed
.
2.
Certayne
is
the
same
,
by
the
report
o●
wryters
,
that
euery
thing
to
be
shaken
and
blasted
:
before
the
lightning
smyte
it
,
and
that
no
person
to
be
touched
,
which
eyther
afore
shall
sée
the
lightning
,
or
heare
the
thunder
.
3.
When
a
beast
waking
is
striken
with
the
lightning
,
being
dead
hath
the
eyes
fast
shut
,
but
striken
sléeping
,
hath
the
eyes
open
:
and
lying
on
the
ground
,
is
turned
by
it
of
the
other
side
.
4.
The
lightning
consumeth
the
sword
or
meate
knife
in
the
sheath
,
without
harme
of
the
sheath
.
It
melteth
the
money
in
the
purse
,
as
afore
vttred
:
it
perisheth
the
foote
,
without
harme
of
the
shooe
.
In
that
it
entreth
the
same
,
being
full
of
poores
,
without
resistaunce
:
but
about
solyde
and
resisting
bodyes
,
it
longer
stayeth
in
consuming
them
.
It
sometimes
like
hurteth
the
bones
,
without
spot
appearing
on
the
fleshe
,
in
that
through
the
weake
resistaunce
and
spéedie
pierceing
of
the
fyre
,
the
fleshe
is
not
harmed
of
it
:
as
maye
appeare
of
the
hande
,
spéedily
thrust
in
and
handling
the
burning
flame
.
5.
The
lightning
sometimes
parteth
asunder
trées
,
as
if
those
were
clouen
with
a
wedge
,
without
burning
,
and
sometimes
staineth
and
blacketh
by
the
touching
,
without
burning
,
and
sometimes
burneth
both
houses
and
barnes
:
the
cause
of
the
first
,
is
the
vehemencie
of
the
stroke
:
the
cause
of
the
second
is
the
thinnesse
,
and
weakenesse
of
the
exhalation
:
the
cause
of
the
thirde
,
is
the
thicknesse
of
the
matter
of
the
exhalation
,
for
that
the
fyre
in
the
substaunce
more
thick
,
doth
stronger
burne
:
euen
as
it
may
appéere
in
the
yron
red
hote
:
but
in
the
matter
lesser
or
not
so
thicke
,
it
lesser
burneth
,
as
may
appeare
in
the
Towe
.
6.
The
lightning
poysoneth
beasts
striken
,
euen
like
the
bit
of
a
Serpent
,
and
mad
Dogge
:
in
that
the
matter
of
the
same
lightning
,
is
Brimstonie
and
venimous
.
7.
The
same
is
to
be
marueyled
at
,
which
Seneca
reporteth
,
as
that
wine
vessels
to
be
burned
with
the
lightning
(
as
afore
vttered
)
the
wine
remayning
whole
,
and
not
shedding
:
the
wine
the
whiles
,
not
contayned
in
any
bodye
.
Also
the
lightning
doth
so
intoxicate
the
Wine
striken
,
that
the
drinkers
of
it
eyther
die
,
or
become
franticke
and
madde
.
The
same
is
caused
,
through
the
infectiue
nature
of
the
lightning
:
and
the
reason
of
the
astonishing
of
the
Wine
,
is
the
hastie
alteration
,
by
which
the
whole
clammynesse
of
the
Wine
,
is
drawne
forth
into
the
outward
vpper
face
,
where
,
like
a
thin
skin
about
retayneth
the
Wine
,
that
the
same
shed
or
runne
not
abroade
,
for
thrée
dayes
.
8.
The
lightning
striking
a
person
sléeping
,
doth
open
the
eyes
of
the
sléeper
:
but
of
the
person
then
waking
or
awake
,
it
shutteth
the
eyes
.
The
cause
of
which
is
,
in
that
the
lightning
causeth
the
sléeper
to
awake
,
but
the
person
awake
,
it
astonisheth
in
such
maner
,
that
he
shall
sooner
dye
,
then
that
he
can
open
the
eyes
againe
for
the
tyme
,
as
the
auncient
report
.
9.
The
person
stricken
and
touched
with
the
lightning
,
doth
after
turne
the
head
and
face
towarde
the
stroke
,
from
whence
the
lightning
came
.
The
cause
of
this
,
doth
Albertus
Magnus
here
shewe
:
in
that
the
force
of
the
stroke
comming
,
conuerteth
or
tourneth
the
striken
bodyes
towarde
the
stroke
,
and
naturall
is
the
same
to
euerye
creature
,
to
turne
it selfe
toward
the
harme
sodaynely
comming
,
in
holding
the
face
towarde
it
.
10.
The
lightning
sometimes
harmeth
the
yongling
in
the
mothers
wombe
,
the
mother
remayning
vnharmed
:
the
cause
of
which
is
the
tendernesse
of
the
yongling
,
and
strength
of
the
mother
:
as
by
a
lyke
example
afore
vttered
,
of
the
noble
woman
Martia
of
Rome
.
11.
A
dead
Serpent
stricken
wyth
lightning
becommeth
full
of
wormes
,
which
otherwise
hapneth
not
to
it
aliue
.
The
cause
is
,
in
that
through
the
lightning
it
is
purged
of
the
proper
poyson
,
which
also
is
of
an
other
nature
,
than
the
lightning
,
so
that
the
same
then
hindereth
not
the
procreation
of
wormes
.
12.
The
lightning
sometymes
burneth
and
consumeth
the
garments
on
the
bodye
,
yea
the
shooes
on
the
féete
,
manye
tymes
it
onely
burneth
the
heares
on
the
head
,
without
harme
of
the
body
,
which
is
caused
thorow
the
weakenesse
of
the
exhalation
:
But
this
sometymes
killeth
a
man
,
without
any
hurt
or
marke
appearing
,
or
anye
signe
of
burning
.
The
same
caused
through
the
subtilnesse
of
the
exhalation
,
which
if
the
same
shall
be
grosse
,
leaueth
a
note
of
the
burning
.
13.
Such
which
long
looke
vp
at
the
lightning
,
and
hold
their
faces
against
the
lightning
,
are
eyther
caused
blynde
,
or
swollen
in
the
face
,
or
procured
leprous
.
The
same
hapneth
thorowe
the
fyre
receyued
by
the
poores
of
the
countenaunce
and
eyes
,
which
like
swelleth
the
face
,
and
dryeth
vp
the
christaline
humour
,
that
is
cause
of
the
blindnesse
.
14.
The
places
of
such
which
are
striken
and
burnt
with
the
lightnings
,
are
caused
colder
than
the
other
partes
of
the
body
:
eyther
for
that
the
greater
heate
,
draweth
away
with
it
the
lesser
,
or
else
in
that
by
the
great
violence
,
the
vitall
heate
is
so
extinguished
quite
in
those
places
,
by
report
.
15.
Such
bodyes
striken
with
the
lightning
,
haue
or
possesse
after
a
Brimstonie
sauour
:
in
that
the
matter
of
the
lightning
is
Brimstonie
,
as
the
Philosopher
Niphus
reporteth
.
16.
This
Niphus
vttreth
that
the
lightning
spéedier
burneth
solyde
and
harde
bodyes
,
than
the
soft
:
as
the
same
of
skill
knowne
,
and
many
tymes
obserued
.
17.
The
thunderbolt
sent
forth
with
the
lightning
,
neuer
déeper
runneth
or
entreth
into
the
earth
than
fiue
foote
,
after
the
opinion
of
sundrie
obseruers
.
18.
In
the
yeare
.
1553.
in
the
Month
of
Iuly
,
in
a
towne
of
Germany
named
Smelunicensis
,
whyle
the
people
before
dinner
were
at
deuine
seruice
,
a
mightie
light
sodaynedly
shyned
,
and
a
lightning
in
the
same
killed
two
persons
,
and
about
thirtie
other
persons
with
his
force
and
vehemencie
of
the
exhalation
,
threwe
to
the
earth
,
which
yet
through
the
goodnesse
of
God
,
contrarie
to
mans
iudgement
and
estimation
,
were
yet
preserued
aliue
:
of
which
also
certaine
had
their
garmentes
burnt
,
yet
their
bodyes
vnharmed
,
by
a
myracle
of
God.
19.
The
Romaynes
in
times
past
,
diuined
and
iudged
of
the
lightnings
:
which
if
those
came
from
the
left
part
or
side
of
heauen
,
and
returned
into
the
same
agayne
,
they
pronounced
those
to
be
happy
and
prosperous
.
For
on
such
wise
Anchyses
(
after
the
Romayne
maner
)
prognosticated
good
luck
,
if
the
lightning
hapned
on
the
left
side
.
And
Cicero
in
his
second
booke
de
Diuinatione
,
reporteth
the
same
to
be
good
luck
in
al
matters
traueyled
about
,
if
the
lightning
shall
happen
on
the
left
side
.
But
the
Gréekes
and
Barbarians
,
iudged
the
lightninges
prosperous
,
that
came
on
the
right
side
.
The
Baye
trée
is
sildome
harmed
with
the
lightning
:
which
rather
of
practise
,
than
by
reason
alowed
:
for
so
much
as
it
hath
thys
repulsiue
vertue
of
the
lightning
through
the
inner
cause
,
or
of
heauen
.
Of
which
Tiberius
Caesar
was
woont
,
in
the
tempest
of
lightning
,
to
weare
on
his
head
a
Garland
of
Bayes
,
supposing
hymselfe
to
be
defended
thereby
.
20.
In
the
yeare
.
1551.
at
Crutzburge
a
Citie
in
Germany
,
a
certaine
honest
man
,
hauing
his
house
stricken
with
lightning
,
sitting
then
at
table
eating
,
perished
wyth
his
Dogge
,
lying
flat
at
his
féete
:
but
an
Infant
sitting
or
being
néere
to
the
father
,
nothing
at
all
harmed
.
The
mother
of
Hieronymus
Fracastorius
,
going
with
chylde
with
him
,
dyed
with
the
stroke
of
lightning
the
Infant
remayning
vnharmed
:
which
wonderfully
foreshewed
by
it
,
the
singular
fame
of
that
childe
to
come
.
What
an
Earthquake
is
.
AN
Earthquake
,
is
a
passion
or
affection
of
the
earth
,
a
breaking
forth
or
trembling
,
a
smyting
or
agitation
,
when
an
exhalation
is
included
in
the
bowels
of
the
same
,
séeking
a
violent
issuing
forth
:
in
the
which
,
this
so
smyteth
&
shaketh
the
earth
.
And
of
the
same
smiting
,
is
the
Earthquake
named
.
Or
it
is
a
certaine
working
,
by
which
the
earth
is
moued
,
caused
especially
of
winde
or
drie
vapours
,
inclosed
within
the
hollownesse
of
the
earth
,
and
through
the
heate
of
the
sunne
,
and
other
starres
heated
and
enforced
,
by
which
motion
and
enforcement
,
this
so
shaketh
,
that
oftentymes
houses
,
yea
whole
Cities
,
and
townes
,
are
throwne
downe
,
and
suncke
with
the
same
,
that
the
sinnes
of
men
may
be
punished
,
and
others
called
vnto
repentaunce
.
How
many
kindes
of
Earthquakes
there
are
.
OF
the
earthquake
,
whether
the
same
maye
happen
or
no
(
I
beleue
no
man
doubteth
)
seing
Hystories
report
so
manye
examples
:
and
experience
of
late
yeares
,
hath
made
the
same
knowne
sufficiently
to
vs
.
The
kindes
(
to
come
to
the
matter
)
are
knowne
to
be
fower
principally
,
which
are
vttered
of
Plynie
in
his
second
Booke
,
and
82.
Chapiter
.
Some
report
more
,
and
some
vtter
fewer
kindes
,
which
through
the
dyuersitie
,
the
plentie
or
paucytie
of
the
exhalations
,
and
force
of
the
qualities
aryse
and
are
caused
.
The
first
kinde
is
named
the
falling
or
shaking
downe
,
the
seconde
the
gaping
open
,
the
thirde
the
trembling
,
beating
or
shaking
,
the
fourth
the
casting
vp
.
What
the
ruine
is
.
THe
ruine
,
falling
,
or
shaking
downe
,
is
when
much
and
great
store
of
drye
vapour
or
winde
,
applying
and
dryuing
by
great
force
into
one
place
,
forceth
it selfe
,
and
turneth
the
same
sodainly
vpsydowne
,
except
the
motion
spéedily
runneth
on
the
other
side
,
which
fallen
,
no
more
harme
insueth
.
With
thys
was
Smyrna
the
most
noble
Citie
of
the
lesser
Asia
shaken
&
throwne
downe
,
as
appeareth
in
the
Apocalipse
,
in
the
first
and
second
Chapiter
.
And
the
sonne
of
God
commaunded
the
Church
of
Smyrna
to
wryte
this
notable
comfort
:
Retayne
fayth
,
and
beleeue
stedfastlye
vnto
death
,
and
I
shall
giue
to
thee
a
crowne
of
lyfe
.
Seneca
nameth
it
an
inclynation
,
in
that
the
earth
leaneth
to
one
side
,
like
a
ship
.
For
as
a
ship
leaning
vnto
one
side
,
is
drowned
through
the
mightie
waight
in
it
,
vnlesse
the
same
waight
spéedilye
be
turned
vnto
the
other
side
,
through
which
the
ship
is
so
restored
,
&
recouered
as
it
were
.
Euen
so
with
the
great
plenty
of
spirites
or
winde
,
it
applyeth
and
driueth
vnto
one
side
of
the
earth
,
doth
in
a
maner
ouerthrowe
the
same
,
vnlesse
the
contrarie
part
restoreth
the
part
inclyned
.
Reade
Liuius
lib.
2.
tertia
Decadis
.
What
the
Gaping
is
.
THe
gaping
,
is
when
the
earth
rendeth
with
a
large
opening
,
and
that
a
déepe
hollownesse
appeareth
,
and
the
breath
or
winde
mighty
and
vehement
,
breaking
violently
forth
,
doth
on
such
wise
sinke
downe
,
and
swallowe
vp
Townes
,
and
Cities
.
Or
thus
,
this
gaping
,
is
a
rending
or
cleauing
of
the
earth
,
when
the
earth
sinketh
downe
,
and
swaloweth
vp
Cities
,
houses
,
townes
,
and
Castels
,
yea
,
great
hilles
,
and
mightie
rockes
,
with
great
ryuers
,
and
mightie
lakes
of
water
,
in
such
maner
,
that
these
are
neuer
after
séene
.
Where
this
swalloweth
vp
any
buildings
,
fortresses
,
or
townes
,
in
the
places
appéere
none
other
,
than
large
and
déepe
holes
or
goulfes
.
What
the
Pulsation
is
.
THe
Pulsation
,
is
when
the
earth
(
as
the
same
swelling
vp
)
aryseth
by
force
of
the
windes
,
that
the
buildings
(
in
that
time
)
leane
from
one
side
to
the
other
(
as
a
Ship
on
the
Sea
)
and
sinketh
soone
after
downe
againe
:
which
Aristotle
nameth
a
beating
or
dryuing
vp
.
Otherwise
,
is
the
same
named
an
agitation
,
shaking
,
or
trembling
.
Or
this
otherwise
,
when
with
great
violence
the
earth
is
lifted
vp
,
in
such
maner
that
Castels
and
buyldings
through
their
shaking
,
appere
ready
to
fall
:
and
the
same
doth
immediatly
sinke
,
and
settle
downe
agayne
.
Which
maner
is
procured
,
when
the
whole
force
of
the
spirits
laboureth
and
séeketh
an
issue
vpwards
:
euen
as
the
kindled
Gunpowder
,
that
searcheth
way
to
brast
forth
:
which
at
the
last
finding
issue
to
passe
causeth
the
earth
swelled
vp
,
to
fal
and
settle
agayne
in
the
proper
place
.
What
the
fourth
kinde
is
.
THe
same
is
,
when
a
mightie
and
huge
substance
of
earth
(
like
to
a
Mountaine
)
is
throwne
out
of
the
earth
:
or
when
anye
part
of
the
earth
sincketh
déepe
downe
,
thorowe
which
eyther
floodes
,
lakes
,
or
riuers
,
or
else
fires
brast
forth
.
This
kinde
doth
Aristotle
verie
well
open
,
where
he
vttereth
:
that
the
motion
of
the
earth
now
caused
in
certaine
places
,
doth
not
cease
,
before
that
winde
,
which
had
moued
forwarde
,
to
cast
vp
the
earth
on
a
great
heigth
aboue
grounde
,
and
lyke
a
storme
of
smoke
and
ashes
issued
forth
:
which
like
lately
hapned
by
the
Sea
Heraclea
,
and
before
néere
the
Iland
Hiera
,
which
is
one
of
them
,
which
at
this
day
they
name
Aeolias
.
For
in
this
,
a
part
of
the
earth
swelled
and
rose
vp
with
a
noyse
,
into
the
kinde
of
a
light
hill
:
which
at
the
last
breaking
a
sunder
,
much
winde
issued
,
that
sent
vp
fyre
and
ashes
.
This
also
procureth
the
ouerflowings
of
the
Sea
,
when
the
bottome
of
the
same
is
raysed
and
swollen
vp
,
through
which
,
manye
Ilandes
appeare
,
that
were
neuer
seene
before
.
The
learned
Aristotle
reporteth
,
that
the
Countrie
Egypt
in
time
past
,
was
a
great
Goulfe
of
the
Sea
,
which
through
an
Earthquake
(
as
it
shoulde
séeme
)
procured
to
be
drye
lande
:
and
remayning
in
the
same
maner
,
vnto
this
day
:
a
like
reporteth
Herodotus
.
What
the
materiall
cause
is
.
THe
materiall
or
effectiue
cause
neare
to
the
Earthquake
,
is
the
exhalation
hote
and
drie
,
or
the
winde
,
engendred
and
included
within
the
caues
or
dennes
of
the
earth
,
which
séeking
a
violent
issue
,
at
hys
naturall
places
,
breaketh
forth
of
the
earth
,
and
causeth
in
this
maner
,
a
violent
shaking
of
the
earth
.
And
that
the
earth
of
hys
proper
nature
is
drie
,
and
prepareth
vapours
and
exhalations
,
the
same
in
a
maner
at
this
day
,
séemeth
a
maruell
to
fewe
of
any
knowledge
.
For
the
same
is
sufficiently
knowne
,
that
it
is
caused
by
accidence
.
Yet
further
,
the
true
cause
of
the
earthquake
or
trembling
of
the
earth
,
is
the
winde
or
drie
vapour
,
grosse
and
earthly
,
included
of
the
earth
,
and
otherwise
sent
in
,
or
there
ingendred
:
so
that
manifest
it
is
that
such
spirites
or
winde
to
be
ingendred
in
the
earth
.
For
well
knowne
is
this
,
that
the
earth
of
it selfe
is
drye
,
but
the
same
moystened
with
daylie
showers
of
rayne
,
and
the
poores
shut
harde
togither
,
that
the
exhalation
ingendred
or
conceyued
brasteth
not
forth
:
and
salt
or
sea
waters
cause
the
like
,
in
that
these
through
the
saltnesse
close
or
shut
the
poores
of
the
earth
,
with
which
the
same
is
on
euerye
side
compassed
,
and
in
a
maner
swimmeth
or
runneth
ouer
it
:
and
after
with
the
beames
of
the
sunne
heating
,
doth
ingender
a
great
aboundance
of
exhalations
,
which
not
so
much
breaketh
vp
into
the
ayre
,
but
that
within
it selfe
often
retayneth
drye
spirites
or
vapours
,
both
grosse
and
earthly
,
which
cause
the
Earthquake
.
This
sentence
of
Plynie
of
the
materiall
cause
,
doe
the
Philosophers
affirme
and
prooue
,
that
the
same
through
the
gathering
of
the
spirites
is
ingendred
,
and
Aristotle
in
these
coniectures
,
proueth
by
a
lyke
reason
,
that
the
Earthquake
may
so
be
caused
.
The
first
reason
is
taken
of
mans
body
,
in
which
windy
spirites
,
when
in
it
they
are
included
,
are
woont
to
cause
a
trembling
or
shaking
,
where
the
venting
forth
could
not
be
caused
.
A
second
reason
he
gathereth
and
taketh
of
the
condition
of
a
quyet
or
caulme
ayre
and
season
,
when
as
the
tyme
is
cléere
,
and
a
great
stilnesse
in
the
night
,
and
at
Noone
.
Here
or
at
that
time
,
the
spirites
included
in
the
earth
,
can
not
breath
forth
.
A
thirde
reason
,
through
the
plentye
of
matter
,
which
caused
greater
in
the
spring
and
haruest
,
than
in
the
other
quarters
or
partes
of
the
yere
.
Of
which
,
in
those
tymes
for
the
more
part
,
are
Earthquakes
caused
.
A
fourth
reason
he
vttreth
of
experience
,
for
so
much
as
the
same
by
vse
is
found
,
that
the
agitation
not
to
cease
,
vntill
the
whole
force
of
spirites
shall
haue
breathed
forth
.
The
fift
and
last
of
the
precedent
sounde
:
for
the
earth
causeth
a
roring
or
sounde
,
thorowe
the
windie
spirite
met
:
before
the
same
be
smytten
&
resisted
.
The
selfe
same
confirmeth
the
reason
of
the
tyme
,
and
places
.
For
these
are
caused
a
little
before
the
Sunne
rysing
,
at
what
tyme
the
windes
are
woont
for
the
more
part
to
arise
.
In
the
Equinoctials
also
,
when
the
greater
force
of
vapours
consisteth
,
than
in
the
Solstices
,
and
through
the
straight
or
narrow
places
,
of
the
Sea
,
in
which
straight
places
,
the
winde
is
included
:
is
wont
there
to
be
violenter
,
and
séeking
the
caues
or
hollow
places
,
doth
so
smite
and
shake
the
earth
.
What
the
formall
cause
is
.
THe
formall
cause
,
is
the
agitation
and
smyting
of
the
earth
:
for
the
drie
vapours
and
windes
there
included
by
hys
vertue
,
are
lifted
or
forced
vp
,
séeking
issue
forth
,
but
when
this
is
no
where
open
,
thorowe
the
passages
of
the
earth
stopped
,
are
driuen
and
sent
back
warde
,
with
no
meane
force
,
through
which
stryuing
the
earth
in
the
ende
is
smitten
and
shaked
.
For
by
the
ouermuch
heate
or
colde
,
is
the
issue
of
vapours
procured
,
of
which
the
smyting
is
caused
.
A
sure
&
an
euident
note
of
this
,
are
the
windes
in
mans
bodye
included
.
For
those
shake
euen
the
whole
body
,
when
by
force
at
the
last
they
breake
forth
:
and
the
lyke
is
caused
in
the
belching
and
refting
,
and
in
all
other
agitations
of
the
bodye
:
of
what
condition
soeuer
they
be
.
So
that
the
same
,
which
procureth
the
winde
aboue
the
earth
,
and
in
the
clowds
thunder
:
the
same
causeth
a
trembling
or
shaking
in
the
passages
of
the
earth
.
Which
the
obiect
or
place
is
of
the
Earthquake
.
THe
great
Earthquakes
are
caused
in
the
Sea
coastes
,
where
many
exhalations
may
be
included
.
For
the
Sea
entreth
into
the
earth
as
it
were
by
certayne
pypes
,
and
holloweth
the
same
,
where
after
the
spirites
or
windes
are
ingendred
,
which
when
they
contende
to
issue
forth
,
are
repelled
or
driuen
back
of
the
Sea
floodes
,
and
are
on
such
wise
hid
againe
in
the
bowels
of
the
earth
,
which
after
increased
,
nor
with
those
séeketh
issue
,
doe
then
smite
against
the
sides
of
the
earth
.
Aristotle
reporteth
,
that
the
most
mightie
Earthquakes
to
be
there
caused
,
where
the
Sea
daylie
floweth
,
or
the
Countrie
is
spungeous
,
or
the
same
aboundeth
wyth
hollow
places
,
caues
and
déepe
dennes
.
For
which
cause
,
he
affirmeth
that
such
tremblings
to
happen
oftner
about
Hellespontus
,
Achaia
,
Sicilia
,
and
Euboea
,
through
the
Sea
running
neare
by
,
which
as
by
certaine
pypes
entreth
into
these
places
,
and
through
his
coldenesse
dryueth
inwarde
the
exhalations
.
The
Countrie
of
Hollande
,
and
other
hollow
places
,
through
the
multitude
of
caues
,
and
inwarde
holes
,
rightlye
named
Holeland
,
which
both
the
same
,
and
others
like
,
are
subiect
to
this
euill
.
In
places
farre
from
the
Sea
,
are
fewer
Earthquakes
caused
:
in
that
the
earth
there
,
is
not
so
hollowed
,
and
the
Sea
causeth
not
clifts
,
nor
beating
or
shaking
with
the
great
floods
of
waters
,
yet
the
sounder
and
faster
any
grounde
of
the
earth
is
,
so
much
the
more
harmed
at
the
shaking
:
for
so
much
it
mightier
shutteth
in
the
exhalations
,
and
compelleth
an
inforcement
in
the
cause
.
The
Ilands
,
and
the
valleys
,
are
sildome
molested
with
the
Earthquake
:
for
so
much
as
the
partes
of
the
earth
in
themselfe
are
pressed
togither
,
and
are
but
a
little
porouse
,
so
that
these
cannot
enter
in
.
An
earthquake
is
sildome
caused
in
moyst
places
,
for
so
much
as
the
moysture
hindreth
or
letteth
the
exhalation
to
come
vnto
strength
,
of
which
,
the
Philosopher
reporteth
,
that
in
the
floodes
of
the
Sea
Pontus
,
a
lesse
Earthquake
to
be
caused
:
for
so
much
as
the
huge
sea
about
,
cooleth
the
exhalations
and
on
such
wise
letteth
them
.
In
the
sandie
and
grauily
places
,
as
are
the
places
Northerly
,
farre
sildomer
is
an
Earthquake
caused
,
yea
scarcely
any
Earthquake
at
all
caused
in
those
places
:
for
so
much
as
the
same
grounde
is
a
thinner
earth
,
and
lesser
solyde
,
nor
so
thicke
compact
,
and
that
the
fumes
ascend
by
little
and
little
,
without
force
.
How
the
ingendring
is
,
or
of
the
maner
of
the
ingendring
of
Earthquakes
.
THe
Earthquake
is
caused
when
the
exhalations
and
vapours
included
in
the
caues
,
and
hollowe
places
or
passages
of
the
earth
contende
togither
,
and
by
his
nature
séeke
on
highe
to
breake
forth
:
but
through
the
earth
close
stopped
,
not
finding
way
by
force
shake
the
same
,
and
cause
it
to
tremble
,
and
in
the
ende
breake
forth
:
so
that
the
earth
oftentimes
causeth
eyther
a
gaping
,
or
déepe
caue
,
or
goulfe
,
or
the
same
throwne
vp
on
heigth
after
the
maner
of
a
hill
or
Mountayne
:
of
which
great
Mountayne●
happen
to
be
suncke
and
swallowed
vp
in
a
Goulfe
:
as
sundrie
lyke
we
reade
in
the
Hystories
:
yea
great
waters
and
ryuers
drunke
vp
,
and
the
course
of
waters
chaunged
,
and
lande
floodes
caused
in
the
mayne
lande
.
Or
thus
,
the
earth
contayneth
in
it selfe
a
much
exhalation
,
which
it
heating
conceaueth
,
through
the
fierie
efficacie
and
vertue
of
the
Sunne
,
the
Planets
,
and
fixed
starres
.
This
spirite
,
for
that
the
same
is
subtill
,
is
most
apt
to
be
inforced
.
So
that
when
by
it
this
drie
spirite
runneth
,
included
within
the
earth
,
séeking
issue
,
is
so
by
his
force
lifted
vp
,
and
driuen
from
one
hollownesse
into
another
.
Of
which
this
when
for
the
solyde
nature
of
the
earth
,
and
stopped
passages
of
the
earth
,
can
not
issue
or
passe
forth
,
procureth
lightly
and
soone
a
trembling
in
it selfe
caused
through
the
beating
and
driuing
back
:
so
that
retayned
,
this
strongly
moueth
and
shaketh
the
earth
,
or
séeking
his
waye
,
and
the
spirite
driuen
by
a
narrow
body
of
the
earth
,
laboreth
with
a
most
strong
contention
.
For
into
the
proper
and
naturall
place
this
contendeth
to
flie
,
which
through
the
mightie
stopping
letted
of
the
compact
earth
,
is
the
same
driuen
backe
into
the
earth
:
which
at
the
length
laboureth
to
issue
,
causing
the
same
to
tremble
:
and
casteth
vp
the
earth
▪
(
in
the
breaking
forth
)
like
to
a
hill
,
vntil
it
be
issued
:
yea
this
sometimes
cleaueth
the
same
,
and
openeth
it
in
the
issuing
forth
at
two
sides
.
Aristotle
vttereth
other
notes
,
for
after
the
earth
beaten
vp
,
he
reporteth
that
great
windes
to
breath
and
flie
vp
,
and
that
fyre
and
ashes
to
be
cast
forth
.
So
that
water
not
to
be
the
special
cause
of
the
earthquake
:
for
the
water
should
otherwise
be
still
,
if
the
same
were
not
blowne
and
driuen
.
Nor
such
a
swiftnesse
or
hastinesse
of
the
trembling
coulde
be
caused
,
if
so
much
could
be
procured
in
the
waters
swelling
,
and
that
the
earth
could
very
often
breake
.
But
it
often
breaketh
not
in
the
tremblings
&
shakings
of
the
earth
.
Yet
doth
this
pronounce
the
great
plentie
of
vapours
included
in
the
caues
of
the
earth
,
driuen
like
windes
by
their
force
,
and
agitation
sparsed
by
certain
places
,
which
when
the
same
is
caused
,
it
instructeth
that
those
places
to
tremble
,
thorowe
the
might
of
the
vapours
forced
.
For
it
is
manifest
,
that
the
earth
to
be
full
of
vapours
,
&
the
thundring
or
rumbling
which
is
heard
in
the
shaking
of
the
earth
,
is
a
note
of
the
flying
vapours
.
And
for
so
much
as
the
vapours
open
the
passages
of
the
earth
,
a
water
sometimes
is
shed
out
of
the
earth
:
of
which
,
no
such
plentie
consisteth
,
or
is
in
the
great
Mountaynes
,
that
might
like
smite
them
.
Howe
so
great
a
heape
of
earth
,
of
so
thinne
and
light
a
body
as
the
winde
,
may
be
cast
vp
,
doth
the
Philosopher
Aristotle
here
vtter
by
a
similitude
,
as
in
our
bodies
spirites
included
,
are
cause
of
the
tremblings
or
shakings
and
beating
of
the
pulses
:
euen
so
hapneth
in
the
same
earth
,
when
a
great
force
of
the
vapours
gathered
,
mooue
and
shake
it
wyth
their
force
.
What
the
finall
causes
are
.
THe
finall
cause
of
an
Earthquake
,
is
the
signification
verie
sad
&
heauie
,
of
matters
and
haps
to
come
,
as
of
battels
,
landfloodes
,
mutation
of
Emperies
,
the
dearth
of
victuals
.
&c.
For
the
Earthquakes
alwayes
pronounce
great
calamities
,
as
Plynie
witnesseth
,
where
he
reporteth
,
that
the
Citie
of
Rome
neuer
trembled
,
but
that
the
same
was
a
foreshewe
of
some
happe
to
come
or
insue
:
so
that
the
Romanes
curiously
obserued
the
Earthquakes
:
as
the
same
is
manifest
,
in
their
Hystories
.
Of
the
earthquake
Cardanus
reporteth
,
that
the
earth
to
be
cleaued
through
a
vapoure
,
and
not
to
be
doubted
,
but
that
the
same
to
prognosticate
great
sedicions
.
Yea
the
great
earthquakes
denounce
eyther
a
Battayle
,
or
the
Plague
,
or
a
Tirannicall
oppression
:
these
also
cause
a
dearth
of
corne
,
and
famine
.
Yet
the
earthquakes
somtimes
threaten
no
other
euils
,
than
the
overthrow
(
of
proper
Cities
and
Townes
)
and
destruction
or
mortalitie
of
those
persons
,
which
dwell
in
them
.
These
hitherto
Cardanus
.
The
holy
Scriptures
vtter
the
same
,
that
in
these
motions
the
Lorde
God
exerciseth
,
and
sheweth
his
most
seuere
ire
,
punishing
with
these
the
peoples
sinnes
,
by
a
iust
iudgment
,
vnlesse
they
spéedily
repent
.
For
it
is
written
in
the
seconde
booke
of
Kinges
,
and
xxij
.
Chapter
,
that
the
ire
of
God
was
mooued
,
and
the
earth
trembled
:
for
so
much
as
the
Lorde
God
was
angrie
with
them
.
Euen
so
before
the
Turckes
tooke
Gréece
,
for
thrée
,
whole
dayes
togither
,
the
Earthquake
shooke
the
borders
néere
,
bounding
,
and
many
buildings
fell
downe
.
Before
the
Peloponesian
Battayle
,
the
countrie
of
Laconia
was
so
fearefully
shaken
with
an
Earthquake
,
that
whole
townes
fell
,
and
much
people
destroyed
,
and
ouerwhelmed
in
the
fall
of
them
.
Eutropius
writeth
,
that
in
the
next
yeare
after
the
death
of
Paule
the
Apostle
,
Laodicoea
and
Colossa
were
suncke
with
an
Earthquake
,
in
which
example
both
a
punishment
of
the
wicked
was
séene
,
which
contemned
Paules
doctrine
,
and
a
signyfication
of
calamities
to
come
on
Asia
bordering
néere
by
,
and
of
the
crueltie
,
which
Domitianus
exercysed
in
the
same
part
of
the
worlde
,
when
he
compelled
.
S.
Iohn
the
Apostle
to
liue
in
exile
.
The
like
hapned
an
Earthquake
before
the
death
of
Theodosius
the
second
,
which
endured
for
sixe
monethes
,
and
shooke
Constantinople
,
and
many
other
places
of
Asia
.
The
earth
gaping
,
manye
Townes
were
suncke
.
The
Sca
one
where
flying
the
gaping
suncke
and
running
an
other
waye
on
the
earth
,
ouerwhelmed
&
drowned
many
townes
.
These
later
yeares
,
were
lyke
examples
seéne
in
Germanie
,
after
which
lamentable
alterations
insued
in
the
Romaine
Empire
.
What
the
effects
are
.
THese
are
most
lamentable
,
that
through
an
Earthquake
both
the
sincking
and
ouerthrow
of
howses
and
Cities
are
caused
,
as
in
the
time
of
Tiberius
Coesare
hapned
,
where
in
one
night
twelue
Cities
fell
with
an
earthquake
.
Also
perticuler
lande
floods
.
For
in
this
agitation
of
the
earth
,
doth
much
water
sometimes
breake
forth
,
when
the
exhalation
being
déepe
is
driuen
foorth
by
a
great
force
:
for
in
that
motion
is
the
earth
oftentimes
dylated
,
and
oftentimes
Ilands
Cities
,
and
mightie
mountaynes
,
by
a
mightie
gaping
suncke
and
swalowed
:
and
a
Region
(
through
the
shaking
of
an
Earthquake
)
be
spoyled
.
Forsomuche
as
Ilandes
Countries
,
and
Hilles
,
are
driuen
vp
,
and
caused
to
appeare
,
through
an
earthquake
.
Yea
a
gréeuous
pestilence
,
many
times
ensueth
an
Earthquake
.
For
so
muche
as
fumes
,
and
venimous
vapors
,
putrified
in
the
bowels
of
the
earth
,
doe
infect
the
ayre
with
their
rottennesse
.
And
this
putrified
exhalaion
,
they
name
Memphitis
,
that
is
,
a
putried
vapour
.
Which
the
signes
be
of
an
earthquake
.
THe
first
note
,
the
learned
vtter
of
the
Eclipsis
,
for
the
region
or
countrie
,
vnto
which
the
shadow
of
the
Eclips
of
the
lights
(
as
of
the
Sunne
and
Moone
)
is
conuerted
or
extendeth
,
is
woonte
for
the
more
parte
,
to
be
subiect
to
the
harme
of
the
earthquake
&
the
same
the
certayner
,
if
the
Eclipse
happen
in
the
tayle
of
the
Dragon
:
which
howe
muche
the
greater
,
and
generaller
the
same
shall
be
,
so
muche
the
mightier
shall
the
shaking
of
the
earthquake
be
:
but
howe
much
the
smaller
,
so
much
the
weaker
.
&c.
2
The
second
note
,
doth
the
Sunne
offer
and
shewe
:
when
for
certaine
dayes
,
the
Sunne
shineth
dimme
and
darcke
,
without
any
clowde
couering
him
:
and
a
meruellous
calmenesse
,
with
a
couldenesse
in
the
morning
:
and
after
the
Sunne
setting
(
the
element
being
cléere
)
a
thinne
clowde
is
stretched
narrowe
and
a
longe
by
the
ayre
:
hath
béene
obserued
,
that
an
earthquake
often
to
followe
.
3
The
thirde
,
a
firie
clowde
,
expressing
the
kinde
and
forme
of
a
burning
piller
in
the
ayre
,
yeldeth
a
most
true
and
sure
note
(
as
Calistines
the
Philsopher
reporteth
)
of
an
Earthquake
to
ensue
.
4
In
the
fourth
,
the
water
in
déepe
pits
and
welles
,
before
an
Earthquake
,
is
without
a
manifest
cause
troubled
,
and
infected
with
a
saltie
sauour
,
or
with
some
other
vngratefull
smell
and
taste
not
naturall
,
and
this
through
the
pestilent
exhalations
,
which
long
within
the
earth
,
haue
beene
inclosed
,
and
begin
somewhat
to
be
sent
abroade
,
as
vttered
first
Pherecides
,
the
instructer
of
the
wise
Pythagoras
,
of
whom
the
learned
Plinie
mentioneth
in
his
second
booke
,
and
79.
Chapter
.
And
the
like
Cicero
,
in
hys
fift
booke
de
Diuinatione
.
5
In
the
fift
a
marueylous
quietnesse
and
stilnesse
of
the
windes
silent
in
the
region
of
of
the
earth
,
subiect
to
the
motion
and
earthquake
,
shutte
in
and
inclosed
for
certayne
Monethes
afore
,
as
the
same
obserued
by
the
auncient
.
6
In
the
sixt
,
by
the
seas
and
waues
surging
,
a
note
may
be
gathered
and
learned
,
which
the
saylers
perceyue
vndoubted
to
insue
,
when
as
the
sea
rageth
and
beateth
without
mightie
windes
procuring
the
like
swelling
.
And
the
partes
and
things
within
shippes
like
shake
,
as
buildings
on
the
earth
and
with
a
noyse
hard
vnder
the
earth
,
that
foreshewe
that
motion
or
the
earthquake
.
7
In
the
seuenth
,
a
thinne
clowde
after
the
maner
of
a
strake
or
line
,
very
small
towarde
the
setting
in
the
West
,
long
and
white
,
is
séene
(
for
the
more
part
)
to
go
before
an
agitation
or
trembling
of
the
earth
,
by
which
note
Anaximander
confirmed
sometymes
to
the
Lacedemonians
for
truth
their
predictions
of
these
matters
.
8
In
the
eight
,
that
Birdes
,
with
many
foure
footed
beastes
leaue
or
forsake
the
apt
places
redy
to
the
shaking
of
the
earth
,
séeking
and
abiding
in
newe
places
,
by
which
these
may
so
defende
them
,
from
the
iniurie
nere
hande
,
and
this
so
well
proued
and
knowne
by
obseruations
,
as
witnessed
in
the
bookes
of
the
auncient
.
9
In
the
ninth
,
the
earth
neuer
trembleth
or
no
earthquake
is
caused
,
but
when
the
sea
is
calme
and
still
,
and
the
ayre
so
maruellous
still
that
the
Foules
flying
haue
not
breath
nor
ayre
to
beare
them
in
their
flight
,
nor
neuer
haue
,
but
after
windes
breathed
forth
of
hollowe
vaynes
and
Ca●es
of
the
earth
,
included
before
in
the
same
.
10
In
the
tenth
,
a
fearefull
roring
,
thundring
,
and
hideous
sounde
like
to
the
crie
of
men
,
and
a
noyse
sometimes
like
to
the
clittring
of
harnest
men
heard
in
the
earth
before
the
earthquake
commeth
.
But
it
sometimes
hapneth
,
that
this
great
roring
or
thundring
is
heard
in
the
earth
,
&
no
earthquake
at
all
ensueth
,
as
when
the
winde
without
beating
and
trembling
of
the
earth
findeth
issue
to
passe
.
11
In
the
eleuenth
,
that
the
Sunne
is
séene
of
many
,
for
certaine
dayes
before
,
very
mistie
and
dimme
of
light
,
as
though
hée
lost
his
light
,
or
appéered
as
he
were
bloudie
:
which
dymnes
or
lyke
sight
to
our
eyes
is
caused
,
through
lacke
of
the
wind
to
dissolue
and
purge
this
thick
and
grosse
ayre
,
which
at
that
tyme
is
inclosed
within
the
bowels
of
the
earth
.
12
To
these
may
be
added
a
twelfth
note
,
which
is
the
appearing
of
a
Comet
or
blasing
starre
,
a
tyme
before
.
In
these
if
many
notes
concurre
,
the
signification
is
the
more
certaine
.
For
none
of
these
notes
alone
is
to
be
considered
and
taken
,
that
the
same
may
bée
sufficient
vnto
the
signifying
or
foreshewing
of
an
earthquake
.
Let
this
suffise
(
gentle
reader
)
as
touching
the
marueylous
force
,
and
miracles
of
the
lightnings
,
with
the
other
wonderfull
apparitions
in
the
ayre
,
concluding
that
these
are
vttered
,
part
for
mans
instruction
and
comfort
,
and
part
as
warnings
,
to
all
christians
for
the
amendment
of
lyfe
,
by
the
fearefull
examples
manifested
in
this
treatise
,
not
wythout
the
singular
prouidence
of
God
,
in
the
forewarning
vs
in
such
maner
,
of
the
manye
daungers
hanging
ouer
our
heades
,
in
these
perillous
dayes
.
Thus
my
intent
brought
to
an
ende
,
in
most
brie●●
maner
,
I
ende
this
treatise
.
FINIS
.