The
first
question
.
Whether
it
had
not
beene
better
and
more
commodious
for
the
vnited
Netherland
Prouinces
,
to
haue
made
a
new
truce
with
the
King
of
Spaine
for
twelue
yeares
more
,
with
leauing
of
the
East
Indian
Trade
,
then
by
continuing
the
same
,
to
begin
warre
againe
,
and
to
be
debarred
of
the
Spanish
Trade
?
Answere
.
It
is
true
,
that
friendship
,
commerse
,
and
conuersation
,
are
the
necessary
consequences
of
peace
,
according
to
the
generall
lawes
of
nature
,
of
all
people
,
and
of
all
times
,
conuersation
and
commerse
,
being
signes
of
friendship
,
and
of
peace
,
which
is
denied
to
no
man
,
but
to
an
enemie
.
In
such
manner
that
there
is
no
example
extant
,
or
to
be
found
,
that
there
was
euer
any
treaty
of
peace
made
or
concluded
,
with
the
vnited
Netherland
Prouinces
,
vpon
condition
that
conuersation
and
commerse
should
be
excepted
and
prohibited
vnto
them
,
for
that
were
no
peace
,
but
a
certaine
and
true
banishment
,
which
alwayes
is
deserned
and
excepted
betweene
enemies
and
euill
doers
.
Therefore
the
proposition
made
by
the
Spaniards
,
to
debarre
vs
from
trading
into
the
East
India
,
first
sheweth
and
declareth
a
manifest
kind
of
vnreasonablenesse
and
iniustice
.
Secondly
,
an
open
caution
and
deceit
,
by
words
declaring
vs
to
be
a
free
soueraigne
State
,
and
in
effect
making
vs
to
be
of
worse
condition
,
then
euer
we
were
vnder
Soueraigne
Princes
,
which
is
wholy
without
any
reason
or
ground
:
for
although
we
had
not
traded
into
the
East
Indies
before
the
warre
began
,
yet
we
had
reason
,
right
,
and
freedome
,
to
haue
done
it
,
Iure
gentium
,
which
was
neuer
taken
from
vs
by
any
man
.
The
King
of
Spaine
,
when
hee
was
Lord
of
these
Countries
,
had
no
lawfull
power
,
in
respect
of
his
Spaniards
,
to
take
that
from
vs
,
for
that
he
was
bound
by
oath
,
to
maintaine
and
vpold
these
Countries
in
their
freedomes
&
priuiledges
of
Trading
and
Traffiquing
,
whereof
without
all
doubt
the
free
vse
and
benefit
of
the
Sea
,
of
the
ayre
,
and
of
traffick
throughout
all
the
world
,
is
the
principallest
point
:
and
doing
the
contrary
,
he
should
haue
dealt
with
vs
contrary
to
his
Oath
,
in
such
manner
that
wee
challenge
that
freedome
which
from
the
beginning
of
the
warre
wet
alwayes
had
,
for
that
free
trafficke
vpon
the
Sea
,
throughout
the
whole
world
lies
open
for
vs
,
whereof
without
warre
and
by
force
,
we
cannot
be
debarred
nor
hindred
.
And
that
wee
that
are
Batauians
(
whose
liuing
dependeth
vpon
the
Seas
)
and
which
are
the
best
Marchants
,
and
Sea-faring
men
,
in
the
whole
world
,
should
be
debarred
or
denied
of
,
&
from
the
vse
of
the
greatest
part
of
the
Seas
,
and
of
the
most
notable
parts
and
traffick
of
the
whole
world
,
is
the
greatest
presumption
that
can
or
may
be
imagined
,
specially
when
men
will
extend
the
same
,
to
other
Kingdomes
&
countries
,
where
they
haue
nothing
to
do
,
&
ouer
the
Seas
,
ouer
the
which
he
hath
no
command
:
the
vse
wherof
Iure
gentium
is
free
for
all
men
;
and
whereof
no
man
in
the
world
hath
any
particular
commaund
or
authority
.
And
it
is
sure
,
that
this
should
be
an
vndoubted
subuersion
of
our
estate
,
which
in
this
great
warre
cannot
stand
and
subsist
,
without
free
Trade
of
Marchandise
and
Sea-faring
,
as
being
the
onely
meanes
that
God
hath
appointed
for
our
maintainance
,
and
the
more
that
the
quantity
of
our
Sea-faring
and
trafficke
diminisheth
,
according
to
the
same
proportion
,
the
strength
&
power
of
these
Countries
would
also
bee
weakened
and
decay
,
for
that
our
Townes
and
Inhabitants
cannot
be
maintained
,
much
lesse
can
we
haue
any
generall
power
or
meanes
,
by
the
inlandish
benefits
,
of
commodities
,
or
rents
and
reuenewes
,
as
other
great
Countries
and
Kingdomes
may
and
can
,
because
our
Countrey
is
too
little
,
therefore
we
must
haue
all
that
,
out
of
the
Sea
and
Sea-faring
.
Now
to
let
you
see
how
much
we
should
be
hindered
,
if
we
should
leaue
off
the
East
Indian
Trade
,
and
the
like
hinderance
we
should
consequently
also
faile
of
touching
the
power
and
strength
of
these
Countries
.
I
will
proceede
to
tell
you
,
but
first
I
will
discourse
of
the
East
Indian
Trade
,
and
after
that
of
the
West
Indies
.
To
make
a
true
estimation
of
the
hinderance
and
hurt
as
aforesaid
:
first
we
must
vnderstand
,
what
aduentures
and
prosperity
we
haue
had
by
the
said
Trade
.
In
the
Records
of
the
East
Indian
Company
it
appeareth
,
that
from
Anno
1595.
to
Anno
1601.
included
,
they
sent
out
46.
ships
,
wherof
there
arriued
43.
again
in
these
Countries
richly
laden
.
Ships
that
brought
for
returne
,
(
all
charges
deducted
)
two
hundred
and
thirty
Tunnes
of
gold
,
cleare
gaynes
for
the
Marchants
of
the
said
Company
.
Further
,
by
the
Records
and
Bookes
of
the
said
East
Indian
Company
:
it
is
also
shewed
,
that
for
the
space
of
eleuen
yeares
wee
had
still
about
30.
ships
continually
in
East
India
,
with
5000.
Sea-faring
men
,
and
that
they
expected
to
receiue
from
thence
at
least
300.
Tunnes
of
gold
in
capitall
,
besides
that
which
they
had
in
the
land
.
Now
I
referre
it
to
your
iudgement
,
what
the
said
Company
in
the
last
ensuing
tenne
yeares
vntill
this
time
hath
gayned
?
who
within
the
time
of
sixe
moneths
,
haue
had
a
good
returne
of
40.
Tunnes
of
gold
.
I
doubt
not
but
you
haue
heard
of
the
rich
lading
that
the
two
ships
brought
hether
,
within
the
space
of
a
moneth
,
being
valued
to
bee
worth
24.
Tunnes
of
gold
,
in
such
manner
,
that
the
particular
partners
from
Anno
1605.
(
euery
mans
full
aduenture
being
deliuered
in
)
haue
gayned
vpon
euery
hundred
Gildernes
,
vntill
this
day
,
in
ready
money
,
the
summe
of
200.
Gildernes
,
and
whensoeuer
any
man
will
sell
his
stocke
(
which
at
this
time
hee
hath
in
the
Company
)
which
hee
may
doe
when
hee
will
,
hee
may
for
euery
hundred
haue
230.
Gildernes
:
whereunto
are
the
Interest
,
which
the
partners
(
from
the
first
money
receiued
)
to
this
present
haue
gayned
,
which
also
is
halfe
a
capitall
,
there
resteth
to
the
partners
particularly
,
vpon
euery
hundred
,
if
they
haue
ventured
and
traded
16.
yeares
in
the
East
Indian
Company
,
in
cleare
gaynes
about
400.
Gildernes
.
I
speake
not
this
by
report
,
but
as
a
witnesse
thereof
,
being
one
of
the
partners
,
that
haue
receiued
my
part
of
the
gayne
,
and
may
haue
the
rest
within
8.
dayes
if
I
will
sell
my
stocke
,
which
I
may
at
all
times
doe
:
but
at
this
present
I
intend
not
to
doe
it
,
for
we
hope
,
that
our
portions
by
meanes
of
our
good
successe
in
the
East
Indian
Trade
,
(
wherewith
I
will
hereafter
more
at
large
acquaint
you
)
in
few
moneths
will
be
much
better
.
But
it
may
be
,
you
will
say
,
that
this
profit
is
great
,
and
very
good
for
the
particular
partners
in
the
said
Company
,
but
what
benefit
doth
thereby
arise
vnto
the
publique
Common-wealth
?
whereunto
I
answere
;
first
,
that
no
Marchants
in
Trafficking
,
nor
partners
in
Companies
put
in
their
stockes
,
but
onely
for
their
owne
particular
gaine
;
yet
it
is
most
true
,
that
the
publicke
Common-wealth
,
should
bee
much
more
interressed
,
then
the
particular
Traders
,
by
leauing
the
East
Indian
Trade
:
for
besides
this
,
that
the
publicke
onely
consisteth
of
the
particular
,
and
that
the
particular
maketh
the
publicke
,
and
that
the
publick
is
powerfull
and
rich
,
according
to
the
proportion
that
the
particular
hath
and
aboundeth
withall
;
yet
it
is
most
true
,
that
the
particular
without
the
publick
,
and
not
the
publick
without
the
particular
may
be
,
and
subsist
,
by
this
meanes
,
that
the
particular
going
and
with-drawing
it selfe
into
other
Countries
,
can
as
well
venture
from
thence
into
the
Indies
,
as
in
these
Countries
.
But
the
publick
must
stay
,
and
see
it selfe
become
weake
,
and
decrease
in
force
and
power
,
as
her
Trade
and
Trafficke
decayeth
.
For
according
to
the
proportion
thereof
,
necessarily
also
the
number
of
Inhabitants
decreaseth
,
and
the
power
of
the
publique
likewise
.
Besides
this
,
considering
that
the
Ships
and
Saylers
,
that
are
vsed
by
the
particular
Company
,
are
great
and
many
,
which
without
any
charge
to
the
Countrey
are
maintained
and
paid
,
and
daily
employed
,
vpon
all
occurrents
to
be
vsed
by
the
Countrey
,
without
the
which
it
is
impossible
to
haue
any
power
at
Sea
;
as
wee
see
and
well
know
,
that
the
greatest
Kingdomes
haue
no
power
at
Sea
,
according
to
the
proportion
of
their
puissance
and
might
,
but
onely
according
to
the
proportion
,
of
the
Trade
and
Trafficke
that
they
haue
and
vse
in
their
Countries
.
Secondly
,
we
may
by
the
Trade
vsed
by
the
said
Company
,
vntill
the
yeare
1614.
included
,
declare
and
proue
,
that
the
custome
houses
of
the
Country
,
by
meanes
of
conuoyes
,
lycences
,
tolls
,
and
customes
,
which
the
said
East
Indian
Company
haue
,
and
pay
,
inward
and
outward
,
haue
profited
and
receiued
aboue
35.
Tunnes
of
gold
,
for
the
which
the
States
of
the
land
,
haue
at
some
times
(
as
neede
required
)
ayded
the
said
Company
towards
their
warres
in
India
,
with
money
and
ships
:
partly
to
ease
the
said
Company
of
some
portion
of
their
charge
.
Now
,
what
they
haue
receiued
in
the
custome
houses
of
the
Country
,
from
Anno
1614.
to
Anno
1621.
without
doubt
it
is
a
greater
sum
,
and
much
more
then
the
former
,
noting
what
a
rich
returne
they
haue
had
within
these
seuen
yeares
.
Now
to
shew
what
furtherance
&
benefit
the
common
people
haue
had
and
gotten
by
this
East
Indian
Trade
,
we
must
note
,
that
a
Fleet
of
12.
ships
,
doth
cost
in
money
and
all
other
things
thereunto
belonging
,
about
eighteene
Tunnes
of
gold
,
to
set
and
send
it
foorth
:
and
commonly
there
is
not
aboue
5.
or
6.
Tunnes
of
gold
in
ready
money
sent
out
with
it
:
all
the
rest
is
bought
and
prepared
here
in
the
land
,
to
the
great
benefit
and
welfare
of
the
Countrey
,
and
gayned
by
the
Inhabitants
,
that
sell
and
deliuer
the
same
.
And
euery
ship
that
comes
home
againe
,
one
with
another
,
payeth
aboue
a
Tunne
of
gold
for
monethly
wages
,
whereby
the
Officers
and
Saylers
also
are
inriched
,
which
also
is
gotten
and
spent
by
and
among
the
Inhabitants
:
whereby
it
is
manifest
,
what
the
common
people
haue
profited
;
besides
the
great
number
of
so
many
thousand
people
,
that
by
meanes
of
this
Trade
afore-said
,
are
set
on
worke
,
and
well
payd
for
it
,
to
the
great
comfort
and
benefit
of
many
poore
people
.
In
such
manner
,
that
the
last
yeare
when
I
was
at
Amsterdam
,
I
saw
not
one
idle
vagabond
nor
begger
(
for
such
as
are
sicke
,
are
prouided
for
in
the
Hospitalls
)
goe
about
the
streetes
to
begge
,
which
good
order
is
also
obserued
in
some
other
Townes
.
Thirdly
,
to
shew
what
the
publicke
Common-wealth
hath
yet
further
gotten
by
this
Trade
,
you
must
vnderstand
,
that
the
greatest
profit
of
the
land
consisteth
in
the
most
great
hurt
and
damage
which
the
Enemy
hath
first
and
last
endured
,
and
yet
endureth
in
East
India
:
for
since
that
wee
were
prohibited
to
Trade
and
Trafficke
in
Spaine
,
and
other
of
the
Spanish
territories
(
which
not
withstand
against
his
will
,
by
other
Nations
wee
doe
continue
with
good
profit
)
some
of
our
Marchants
in
Anno
1595.
with
resolute
and
good
courages
(
which
God
without
doubt
endowed
them
withall
)
sayled
prosperously
into
the
East
Indies
,
and
there
first
began
our
Trade
.
And
notwithstanding
,
that
the
Portugales
and
Spaniards
sought
by
all
the
meanes
they
could
at
the
first
to
debarre
and
keepe
vs
from
it
:
neuerthelesse
,
wee
abstained
not
the
next
yeare
,
happily
to
proceed
therewith
againe
.
Whereby
we
being
but
a
small
number
of
Partners
in
the
said
Company
,
brought
and
procured
the
mightiest
Potentates
of
all
Europe
,
to
be
our
Enemies
:
who
well
considering
the
consequence
thereof
,
sought
all
the
meanes
they
could
to
remedie
the
same
,
and
ioyned
the
power
of
Castile
and
Portugale
together
,
(
such
and
so
great
,
as
in
a
hundred
yeares
before
the
like
was
neuer
heard
of
)
not
onely
to
let
and
hinder
the
proceeding
of
our
happy
Trade
,
or
at
least
to
stay
it
a
while
,
but
also
there-withall
to
be
reuenged
on
the
Kings
,
Princes
,
and
Countries
,
with
whom
,
in
the
name
of
the
Prince
of
Orange
,
we
had
a
contracted
aliance
.
In
respect
whereof
,
(
the
honour
and
reputation
of
the
Countrey
requiring
it
)
it
sought
to
protect
and
defend
our
oppressed
Company
,
whereby
warre
throughout
East
Indian
(
to
the
great
cost
and
charges
of
our
Company
)
began
,
and
yet
to
the
great
hurt
and
hinderance
of
our
Enemies
,
which
may
be
noted
&
considered
hereby
,
that
from
Anno
1596.
wee
haue
ouercome
and
spoyled
eleuen
of
his
great
huge
Carckets
,
Gallyes
,
and
other
great
ships
,
and
haue
made
about
40.
of
his
ships
vnseruiceable
;
besides
those
,
that
in
the
last
tenne
yeares
ensuing
,
we
haue
spoyled
and
taken
:
whereby
our
Enemies
trade
there
,
hath
beene
greatly
impaired
,
and
ours
,
by
Gods
blessing
(
who
onely
is
to
bee
praised
therefore
)
to
the
admiration
of
the
whole
world
,
is
greatly
encreased
.
In
such
manner
,
that
the
staple
of
all
manner
of
Spices
,
and
other
rich
and
costly
Wares
,
which
for
the
space
of
200.
yeares
together
was
in
Venice
,
(
whereby
the
said
Towne
encreased
and
became
exceeding
rich
)
and
after
that
by
meanes
of
their
Nauigation
,
was
in
Portugale
,
for
the
space
of
100.
yeares
:
and
lastly
,
for
25.
yeares
hath
beene
in
Holland
and
Zealand
,
and
since
that
by
a
good
agreement
made
,
the
last
yeare
was
also
brought
into
England
:
in
such
sort
,
that
the
King
of
Spaines
Marchants
,
were
forced
,
in
the
said
yeares
afore-said
(
contrary
to
all
mens
expectations
)
to
buy
Nutmegs
,
Cloues
and
Mace
,
of
vs
.
Now
also
to
know
what
great
hinderance
the
King
of
Spaine
receiueth
in
his
Customes
and
Tolles
yearely
,
you
must
remember
that
which
I
shall
tell
you
,
all
Caracks
and
Galleons
,
that
are
made
and
prepared
by
the
particular
Company
,
to
sayle
outward
,
must
not
sayle
to
East
India
,
without
leaue
,
and
satisfying
the
Kings
custome
,
and
being
returned
againe
out
of
East
India
,
into
Portugale
,
the
Factors
or
Partners
must
deliuer
a
iust
note
of
their
lading
,
sealed
vp
and
signed
by
the
Officers
in
East
India
,
after
that
the
Officers
in
Portugale
agree
with
the
Company
or
Partners
for
the
Kings
custome
,
which
amounteth
to
a
great
summe
of
money
,
at
the
least
halfe
a
Capitall
:
which
Wares
when
they
are
caried
out
of
Portugale
into
other
of
the
said
Kings
Kingdomes
,
must
againe
pay
custome
,
and
when
they
are
caried
from
thence
into
other
Prouinces
,
the
King
hath
the
third
and
last
toll
of
them
:
all
this
being
calculated
into
one
summe
,
will
amount
vnto
yearely
for
the
King
aboue
100.
Tunnes
of
gold
,
besides
the
double
losse
which
the
Portugales
in
24.
yeares
haue
had
and
endured
first
&
last
in
their
ships
and
goods
,
and
yet
endure
.
Hauing
shewed
what
the
Partners
haue
profited
the
Common-wealth
,
and
the
Inhabitants
thereof
,
by
the
East
Indian
Trade
,
and
yet
doe
profit
them
;
as
also
what
great
damage
and
losse
,
the
King
of
Spaine
with
his
Portugale
Subiects
by
this
meanes
hath
receiued
,
and
endured
:
now
I
will
briefly
declare
,
the
present
state
of
the
said
Company
in
East
India
.
You
must
vnderstand
,
that
matter
of
Trafficke
is
in
very
good
termes
,
which
wee
hope
by
Gods
help
and
blessing
,
shall
from
yeare
to
yeare
still
be
better
and
better
,
now
the
English-men
(
by
meanes
of
a
contract
made
with
them
a
yeare
since
)
ioyne
their
forces
with
ours
,
and
we
for
our
parts
haue
in
East
India
,
that
are
comming
home
and
here
in
the
Countrey
,
aboue
50.
ships
,
double
furnished
with
lusty
Saylers
,
as
also
all
other
things
fit
for
the
Warre
,
and
for
so
long
a
voyage
,
and
about
10.
strong
Forts
,
whereof
some
we
haue
taken
from
the
Enemy
;
the
rest
haue
beene
erected
at
the
great
cost
and
charges
of
the
Company
,
and
made
defensible
,
which
for
the
security
of
our
owne
people
and
goods
,
as
also
for
the
defence
of
our
confederates
are
sufficiently
prouided
.
Lastly
,
when
they
of
Bantam
began
to
lay
an
extraordinary
toll
vpon
our
Nation
,
and
caused
vs
to
pay
50.
pro
cento
custome
,
and
yet
we
could
not
for
all
that
obtaine
licence
of
them
,
to
build
a
Warehouse
of
Stone
and
Morter
,
for
the
security
of
our
Wares
and
Marchandises
,
for
that
being
of
wood
,
it
was
twice
burnt
:
we
were
constrained
to
transport
our
Trade
in
Bantam
to
another
conuenient
place
,
which
is
a
firme
Iland
,
and
hath
many
good
and
conuenient
Hauens
in
it
:
for
in
my
Writings
I
finde
,
that
fiue
yeares
past
,
Mataram
the
great
Emperour
of
Iaua
,
who
is
able
to
bring
300.
thousand
men
into
the
field
,
dwelling
about
100.
miles
distant
from
Bantam
,
had
also
sought
to
make
some
contract
of
aliance
with
vs
,
offering
to
deliuer
vs
Pepper
toll
free
,
and
licence
to
build
vs
a
Castle
of
Morter
and
Stone
,
with
all
things
conuenient
in
Iapara
,
which
was
not
well
lik'd
of
by
the
King
of
Bantam
,
and
his
Lieutenant
:
At
last
our
Nation
built
a
conuenient
Towne
about
Iacatra
,
reasonably
well
fortified
,
and
called
it
Batauia
,
where
there
are
about
1000.
houses
of
all
Nations
,
there
to
Trafficke
and
deale
in
Marchandize
,
which
is
defended
and
gouerned
by
a
Gouernour
,
Scowt
,
and
other
Officers
,
for
the
maintainance
of
good
gouernment
and
policy
,
and
to
administer
Iustice
vnto
euery
one
:
and
to
the
end
that
before
all
other
things
,
Gods
seruice
and
honour
might
be
maintained
,
whereby
the
blinde
Heathens
might
be
brought
out
of
their
great
darknesse
,
and
young
children
taught
the
knowledge
of
the
truth
of
Iesus
Christ
our
Sauiour
:
the
Company
diligently
and
carefully
tooke
order
,
to
erect
a
Church
and
a
Schoole
therein
,
to
the
which
end
they
sent
thether
certaine
learned
men
,
as
at
the
first
also
they
did
,
which
with
great
benefit
and
encrease
,
haue
taught
the
Heathens
the
Gospell
of
Christ
in
their
owne
language
,
as
well
as
vnto
our
men
in
their
language
:
In
such
manner
,
that
a
King
and
a
Prince
of
Amboina
,
(
where
the
Countrey
people
are
much
addicted
vnto
diuellish
and
heathenish
superstitions
)
sent
two
of
their
sonnes
into
these
Countries
,
with
a
Letter
written
vnto
the
Prince
of
Orange
,
to
haue
them
brought
vp
at
Schoole
,
and
taught
our
language
,
and
Christian
Religion
,
that
they
might
at
their
returne
into
East
India
,
be
a
meanes
of
planting
the
Church
of
Chaist
there
in
India
,
and
learne
how
to
defend
their
owne
natiue
Countrey
.
Wee
are
heartily
to
pray
vnto
God
,
that
he
will
be
pleased
to
send
more
true
Shepheards
thether
,
that
willingly
and
out
of
meere
loue
,
will
vndertake
that
long
voyage
,
to
feed
the
blinde
Sheepe
,
that
they
may
by
meanes
of
true
faith
,
be
brought
vnto
the
fellowship
of
his
heauenly
Kingdome
and
glory
:
which
the
Company
before
all
things
ought
specially
to
haue
a
care
of
,
(
which
I
and
other
of
my
fellow
partners
haue
heartily
entreated
them
to
vndertake
,
thereunto
choosing
such
men
,
as
by
their
godly
liues
and
behauiours
,
may
be
an
example
vnto
others
,
that
so
our
Spirituall
exercises
,
together
with
our
temporall
Trade
of
Marchandise
,
may
the
better
be
blessed
,
and
prosper
.
This
shall
serue
onely
for
an
aduise
,
now
that
I
may
fully
make
answere
vnto
your
first
question
,
I
will
briefly
speake
somewhat
of
the
Spanish
Trade
,
whereof
in
the
end
of
your
proposition
you
make
mention
.
I
said
before
,
that
notwithstanding
the
King
of
Spaines
interdiction
against
vs
made
,
touching
the
same
,
neuerthelesse
we
enioy
it
by
meanes
of
other
Nations
:
for
you
must
certainly
be
perswaded
,
that
we
were
not
bereft
thereof
here
in
these
Countries
,
if
you
note
,
that
all
manufacters
,
both
for
price
and
dealing
in
other
parts
into
Spaine
,
is
nothing
lessoned
.
In
such
sort
,
that
we
shall
win
nothing
by
the
Spanish
Trade
,
but
obtaine
a
little
bettering
thereof
,
yet
with
doubtfull
security
,
for
if
he
should
graunt
vs
freedome
of
Trade
there
,
then
wee
shall
haue
liberty
to
goe
thither
,
which
is
more
then
many
men
thinke
of
or
conceiue
,
for
he
for
his
part
thereby
,
hath
his
custome
,
which
is
very
great
,
and
Spaine
would
be
victualed
by
vs
in
time
of
need
,
and
we
for
our
parts
should
put
our
stocks
,
people
,
ships
,
and
Ordnance
into
his
hands
,
therewith
to
oppresse
our selues
or
our
friends
,
whereunto
he
would
want
no
occasions
,
as
wee
haue
heretofore
well
found
,
and
by
experience
tried
,
whereof
it
is
needlesse
here
to
produce
any
examples
.
Herewith
I
wil
conclude
my
answer
to
the
first
question
,
and
proceed
to
the
second
,
and
hauing
satisfied
you
therein
,
I
will
make
a
finall
resolution
of
them
both
.
The
second
question
.
For
that
wee
haue
no
Townes
nor
Forts
in
West
India
,
land
the
Spaniards
for
the
space
of
an
hundred
yeares
at
the
least
,
haue
had
&
inhabited
the
most
part
of
the
Countrey
,
and
the
Hauens
there
,
where
they
trade
,
with
the
Indians
that
now
are
left
therein
to
their
great
profit
and
aduantage
.
It
is
therefore
out
of
hope
,
and
no
apparance
at
all
,
that
our
West
Indian
Company
shall
be
able
with
any
aduantage
to
trade
there
against
the
Enemies
wills
,
because
some
men
are
of
opinion
,
that
the
most
difficulty
will
consist
in
the
erecting
of
certaine
Colonies
in
vnknowne
places
,
where
they
haue
no
friends
,
without
the
which
Colonies
,
our
Marchants
can
haue
no
security
of
Trade
,
as
you
must
of
force
confesse
,
for
the
King
of
Spaine
will
not
cease
,
by
all
the
meanes
hee
can
to
let
and
hinder
the
same
,
and
those
that
liue
securely
here
,
will
also
be
doubtfull
,
to
trust
their
monies
out
in
strange
elements
,
where
the
winde
blowes
it
away
,
and
where
men
shal
not
in
long
time
heare
of
it
againe
.
Answere
.
I
assure
my selfe
,
when
you
shall
haue
read
my
Letter
,
you
will
not
be
doubtfull
as
you
make
shew
of
,
and
therefore
I
will
not
spare
,
to
put
you
out
of
that
scruple
,
and
also
to
take
the
like
away
from
others
.
When
wee
in
Anno
1594.
resolued
in
the
yeare
ensuing
,
with
a
small
Fleete
(
as
afore-said
)
to
sayle
into
the
East
Indies
,
wee
then
had
no
sorts
nor
friends
in
those
Countries
;
neuerthelesse
the
Portugales
then
inhabited
,
and
had
strong
Townes
and
Forts
therein
,
and
farre
surpassed
our
power
for
quantity
of
ships
,
yet
we
then
began
(
in
the
name
of
God
)
to
Trade
there
,
and
notwithstanding
the
same
the
next
yeare
,
with
good
successe
continued
it
,
(
which
wee
must
praise
God
for
)
vntill
the
yeare
of
our
Lord
1605.
and
then
obtayned
a
lycence
of
the
States
to
erect
a
Company
,
at
the
particular
costs
and
charges
of
the
said
Company
,
(
whereof
the
Capitall
in
the
said
Anno
1605.
was
fully
brought
in
and
payd
)
which
amounted
vnto
about
65.
Tunnes
of
gold
:
what
notable
effects
(
by
Gods
blessing
)
vntill
this
time
haue
ensued
thereupon
(
whereat
both
the
Christians
and
Heathens
themselues
doe
wonder
)
In
my
former
answere
,
I
haue
already
partly
declared
,
whereby
the
Spanish
Trade
there
,
by
our
Trade
,
at
this
present
is
much
decreased
,
whereto
the
contrary
ours
yearely
encreaseth
:
and
it
is
apparant
,
that
at
last
they
may
be
driuen
out
of
the
Moluckoes
Ilands
,
where
the
Cloues
and
Nutmegs
grow
,
and
(
where
they
get
little
or
no
aduantage
being
so
much
hindred
by
vs
.
)
Now
I
will
speake
of
Guinea
,
where
also
at
the
first
wee
had
not
one
foot
of
ground
,
and
notwithstanding
that
the
Spaniards
there
had
some
strong
Forts
and
friends
,
yet
we
Traded
there
in
such
manner
with
20.
ships
,
and
400.
men
in
them
,
that
in
time
of
warre
,
we
dealt
there
for
about
12.
Tunnes
of
gold
.
Likewise
at
Punckle
del
Rey
,
in
the
West
Indies
,
we
sayled
Southward
with
100.
great
ships
,
and
1800.
men
in
them
,
which
yearely
traded
for
fraight
and
Salt
,
which
cost
nothing
but
the
fraight
,
and
brought
in
to
the
value
of
10.
Tunnes
of
gold
.
The
trade
for
Hides
to
Cuba
&
Hispaniola
,
was
followed
with
20.
ships
and
1500.
men
in
them
,
and
there
we
yearely
traffick
,
for
8.
Tuns
of
gold
at
the
least
,
which
in
all
amounteth
vnto
180.
ships
,
8700.
men
,
and
the
returne
(
by
Gods
blessings
)
130.
Tunnes
of
gold
,
as
you
may
see
by
the
calculation
made
by
the
directors
Anno
1608.
which
was
openly
printed
and
set
forth
the
same
yeare
.
But
for
that
some
men
without
knowledge
or
vnderstanding
,
discourse
and
speake
of
the
West
Indian
Trade
,
I
wil
briefly
declare
,
what
benefit
these
Countries
may
reape
by
the
said
Trade
;
which
the
better
to
vnderstand
,
we
must
know
,
wherein
the
greatest
part
of
the
riches
thereof
consisteth
,
which
is
gotten
therein
by
Spaniards
.
Secondly
,
by
what
meanes
we
may
reape
part
thereof
by
Gods
help
,
and
hope
of
good
successe
.
Lastly
,
what
furtherance
,
strength
,
and
power
these
vnited
Netherland
Prouinces
,
and
what
good
successe
the
partners
therein
may
thereby
obtaine
.
The
common
opinion
is
,
that
the
greatest
riches
of
that
Trade
consisteth
in
gold
and
siluer
Mynes
,
which
are
in
West
India
:
but
it
is
not
so
;
for
the
greatest
riches
at
this
time
consisteth
in
the
seuerall
sorts
of
Fruites
,
and
other
things
that
grow
therein
,
as
Sugar
,
Ginger
,
Indico
,
Cocheuille
,
and
other
drugs
,
as
also
diuers
kinds
of
wood
,
hides
,
pearles
,
and
precious
stones
:
and
likewise
in
diuers
sorts
of
Manufactures
that
are
caried
thether
,
whereby
the
Marchants
,
Saylers
,
Pesants
,
and
most
part
of
other
Handy-crafts
men
liue
.
The
gold
and
siluer
hath
beene
a
great
profit
vnto
the
King
,
when
the
Spaniards
first
entred
into
those
Countries
,
where
they
found
great
quantity
of
gold
,
that
had
beene
gathered
together
by
the
Indians
in
a
long
time
:
for
the
which
,
some
millions
of
poore
innocent
men
,
lost
their
liues
in
the
Mynes
,
so
that
the
gold
at
this
time
is
much
wasted
away
,
and
no
more
found
in
so
great
quantity
,
and
the
greatest
riches
at
this
day
consisteth
in
the
Wares
aforesaid
that
are
caried
to
and
fro
.
To
shew
this
,
I
wil
make
no
long
discourse
of
the
riches
,
(
that
besides
gold
and
siluer
)
come
out
of
the
West
Indies
,
but
onely
speake
somewhat
of
Brasilia
,
wherein
there
is
no
Mynes
of
gold
nor
siluer
,
but
onely
Sugar
,
Cotton
wooll
,
Brasill
wood
,
Conserues
and
Ginger
:
but
Ginger
may
not
be
brought
out
of
Brasilia
into
Spame
,
because
they
of
St.
Domingo
,
(
who
for
the
most
part
get
their
liuings
thereby
,
)
may
not
be
impouerished
.
Yet
the
trade
in
Brasillia
is
one
of
the
profitablest
trades
in
West
India
,
whereby
the
Portugales
get
most
profit
,
and
where
they
(
now
they
are
almost
bereft
of
Guinia
and
the
East
Indies
,
or
at
least
get
little
by
them
)
maintaine
their
Trade
.
For
out
of
Brasillia
yearely
one
with
another
,
there
is
brought
betweene
40.
and
50.
thousand
Chests
of
Suger
,
which
may
be
valued
(
2.
third
parts
being
white
,
and
but
1.
third
part
browne
Suger
)
at
25.
pounds
Flemish
the
Chest
,
then
say
it
were
40.
thousand
Chests
,
and
each
Chest
but
20.
pounds
Flemish
,
it
amounts
to
800.
thousand
pounds
Flemish
,
which
is
48.
Tonnes
of
Golde
,
not
reckning
Brasill
wood
,
Cotton
wooll
,
and
other
wares
,
which
also
are
of
great
value
:
and
then
the
manufactures
&
other
wares
,
that
are
carried
out
of
Portugal
thether
,
which
also
amount
vnto
asmuch
as
the
Suger
.
It
is
true
,
that
there
is
much
mony
also
carryed
thither
out
of
Portugal
,
but
that
is
by
reason
that
there
is
no
other
manufactures
vsed
there
,
then
such
as
the
Portugales
themselues
haue
need
of
,
but
their
Slaues
,
which
are
many
thousands
,
haue
nothing
,
because
most
of
them
goe
naked
,
and
so
get
nothing
else
but
their
paines
for
their
labours
,
and
of
the
wilde
Brasillians
they
get
no
aduantage
thereby
,
because
they
esteeme
not
of
the
vse
thereof
.
Where
to
the
contrary
,
if
we
were
there
,
we
would
get
great
furtherance
and
aduantage
also
by
our
labours
,
and
thereby
trade
would
bee
much
increased
.
By
this
you
may
easily
perceiue
,
what
great
riches
the
wares
of
West
India
altogether
amount
vnto
,
as
also
what
the
wares
that
are
carryed
thither
doe
yeeld
.
For
in
Noua
Spania
and
Perto
,
in
some
places
there
are
some
Indians
that
are
polliticke
and
weare
cloathes
as
we
doe
.
And
if
the
Spaniards
,
by
meanes
of
their
great
strength
,
had
not
for
the
most
part
rooted
out
the
Inhabitants
,
where
they
command
,
without
doubt
,
they
should
haue
reaped
more
furtherance
thereby
,
then
now
they
doe
,
for
that
the
Indians
would
haue
growne
more
ciuill
and
politicke
,
and
to
enioy
the
fruits
that
proceed
from
labour
,
would
haue
addicted
themselues
to
labour
.
But
now
those
Countries
for
the
most
part
are
vnpeopled
of
their
naturall
Inhabitants
,
and
those
that
still
remaine
therein
,
are
had
in
such
subiection
that
they
haue
neither
hearts
nor
wills
,
but
had
rather
dye
,
then
liue
vnder
their
gouernment
.
Thus
I
haue
sufficiently
shewed
,
wherein
the
riches
of
the
West
Indian
trade
most
consisteth
,
that
is
in
the
Wares
and
Marchandizes
which
are
in
those
Countries
,
and
other
Countries
haue
not
,
yet
Golde
and
Siluer
is
not
amisse
therewith
to
encrese
and
augment
the
Trade
.
The
meanes
to
bee
perticipants
in
this
Trade
,
is
to
erect
some
Colonies
there
,
and
the
better
to
doe
the
same
,
we
must
suffer
the
West
Indian
Company
to
proceed
in
their
Trade
.
For
as
in
the
Article
of
the
Truce
it
was
agreed
,
that
wee
might
trafique
and
trade
in
all
places
,
Hauens
,
and
Townes
,
that
were
not
vnder
the
King
of
Spaines
command
,
then
thereby
we
are
free
to
deale
in
Terra
Florida
,
the
Antilles
,
the
whole
Sea
coast
of
Guiana
:
a
great
part
of
Brasillia
,
and
so
forth
to
the
Sraights
of
Magellanes
;
being
500.
miles
,
where
the
Spaniards
haue
no
commaund
,
but
onely
in
Rio
de
la
Plata
,
and
further
through
the
straight
De
la
Maere
in
the
rich
Countrey
of
Chili
,
and
many
other
Countries
and
Ilands
lying
in
the
South
Sea
.
I
speake
not
of
the
great
riches
,
that
are
to
be
found
inward
in
the
Land
,
which
haue
aboundance
of
Gold
,
and
other
costly
Wares
and
Marchandizes
,
the
people
whereof
are
somewhat
polliticke
,
to
whom
the
Spaniards
can
haue
no
accesse
,
where
wee
in
time
might
obtaine
their
good
wills
:
in
which
Countries
wee
might
erect
our
Colonies
,
and
by
that
meanes
trafique
there
,
and
without
doubt
better
,
conueniently
,
and
with
more
profit
then
the
Portugals
and
Castellians
doe
.
But
to
tell
what
places
at
the
first
,
were
fittest
to
place
our
Colonies
in
I
thinke
it
not
conuenient
,
for
that
were
a
meanes
to
some
to
Discouer
our
intent
,
and
thereby
the
Spaniards
might
bee
forewarned
.
Now
if
certaine
Colonies
were
erected
,
by
that
meanes
we
would
get
the
most
part
of
the
Trade
&
Trafique
in
the
West
Indies
into
our
hands
,
by
reason
that
we
can
sell
and
afford
all
Manufactures
a
hundred
for
one
,
better
cheape
then
the
Spaniards
can
doe
,
and
those
Wares
that
come
out
of
India
are
better
cheape
vnto
vs
50.
in
the
hundred
,
then
vnto
them
,
because
they
stand
vs
in
so
much
more
,
before
we
can
bring
them
out
of
Spaine
hither
,
and
further
our
Countrymen
by
their
industry
and
labour
,
would
aduance
themselues
more
then
the
Spaniards
.
We
must
not
likewise
bee
perswaded
,
that
the
Spaniards
doe
possesse
and
inioy
all
the
fruitfullest
places
in
the
West
Indies
,
and
that
there
is
none
resting
which
they
haue
not
in
their
hands
which
are
good
,
temperate
,
fruitfull
,
and
conuenient
to
dwell
in
,
and
to
reape
profit
from
thence
,
for
wee
know
that
continually
hee
maketh
warre
to
winne
some
of
them
,
which
otherwise
,
by
reason
of
the
vnfitnes
of
his
great
Ships
,
can
not
by
him
be
well
found
out
,
as
also
by
meanes
of
the
resistance
,
which
the
Indians
there
make
against
him
,
some
of
them
are
yet
vnknowne
vnto
him
.
Besides
all
this
,
the
West
Indies
are
so
great
and
spacious
,
that
he
cannot
possesse
the
same
,
whereby
the
fift
part
of
the
West
Indies
,
are
not
yet
found
out
by
the
Spaniards
,
neither
is
the
fourth
part
thereof
subiect
to
to
the
Spaniards
.
Some
will
make
a
great
doubt
in
the
beginning
of
these
matters
,
because
they
are
of
opinion
,
that
it
will
bee
many
yeares
before
there
will
be
any
profit
or
benefit
gotten
by
this
Trade
:
but
they
vnderstand
it
not
,
for
Suger
and
Ginger
are
all
ready
growne
,
which
will
be
so
easily
done
,
that
in
a
yeare
and
a
halfe
or
two
yeares
at
the
most
,
we
shall
reape
fruites
of
our
Plantation
.
And
when
wee
haue
once
begun
,
it
will
encrease
euery
yeare
.
I
say
nothing
,
that
there
wee
may
haue
Salt
,
Wood
,
diuers
colours
for
Dying
,
Tobacco
,
and
other
Wares
,
where
by
at
the
first
wee
may
make
some
profit
,
attending
more
.
If
it
bee
answered
,
that
the
Portugales
and
other
Spaniards
haue
better
and
fitter
meanes
thereunto
in
these
Countries
then
we
may
haue
,
for
that
already
they
haue
some
Forts
and
places
in
the
Countrey
;
I
confesse
it
,
but
when
they
came
first
thither
,
then
they
had
not
so
good
meanes
nor
opportunity
,
neither
for
Ships
nor
other
thinges
,
as
we
now
haue
,
and
the
rather
,
for
that
those
Countries
are
now
as
well
knowne
vnto
vs
,
as
vnto
them
,
and
wee
haue
good
meanes
,
out
of
some
places
bordering
therein
,
to
get
and
obtaine
all
whatsoeuer
shall
be
needfull
and
necessary
.
For
vs
to
erect
Colonies
,
which
places
are
not
heere
to
be
spoken
of
,
but
at
the
beginning
the
Spaniard
was
forced
to
haue
all
thinges
out
of
Spaine
,
that
he
had
need
of
,
Thus
I
haue
sufficiently
shewed
,
that
the
meanes
to
make
vs
paricipants
of
the
West
Indian
Trade
,
is
that
wee
must
possesse
some
places
therein
,
with
people
out
of
these
Countries
.
Now
I
will
also
shew
what
great
furtherance
,
strength
,
and
commodity
these
Countries
shall
thereby
obtaine
.
To
shew
this
I
will
not
set
downe
,
the
Scituation
,
temperatenes
,
wholsome
ayre
,
and
good
and
fruitfull
grounds
,
that
are
in
the
said
West
Indies
,
neither
the
great
store
of
Riuers
,
aboundance
of
foure
footed
Beasts
,
Fowles
,
and
Fishes
,
nor
yet
at
large
declare
what
Wares
and
Fruits
growe
there
,
but
in
a
word
I
will
tell
you
,
that
the
Countrey
is
fit
and
conuenient
for
planting
of
Oyle
,
Wine
,
Suger
,
Ginger
,
Chochenile
,
Cotton
wooll
,
Indigo
,
diuers
Drugs
,
and
other
Fruits
,
and
to
be
short
,
all
thinges
that
Spaine
and
the
West
Indies
yeeldeth
vnto
vs
,
and
these
Countries
haue
not
of
themselues
,
which
then
necessarily
must
needs
be
a
rich
Trade
.
That
this
Trade
,
is
the
richest
trade
in
all
Europe
,
I
thinke
it
is
without
question
,
for
not
onely
Spaine
getteth
great
riches
thereby
,
but
all
Europe
also
hath
profited
by
the
same
.
The
example
of
the
Spanish
Marchants
may
sufficiently
proue
it
,
who
were
wont
to
haue
a
great
Trade
heere
in
the
Netherlands
,
but
when
they
began
to
feele
and
taste
,
what
great
commodity
the
West
Indian
trade
brought
vnto
them
,
they
left
this
olde
Trade
to
vs
,
&
wholy
or
for
most
part
,
dealt
in
their
West
Indian
trade
,
whereby
besides
the
great
imposts
and
toles
that
they
payed
,
ordinarily
they
vsed
to
get
50.
and
100.
for
a
100.
gaines
.
The
Netherlanders
that
dwelt
in
Spaine
,
and
secretly
had
a
part
in
the
said
gaine
,
can
sufficiently
witnes
the
same
,
as
also
the
great
riches
which
the
Genouesians
haue
gotten
from
thence
.
The
profit
that
these
Countries
might
reape
by
our
Manufactures
,
will
be
more
then
that
the
Spaniards
reape
,
because
we
know
that
the
Wares
that
are
sent
from
Spaine
hither
,
must
cost
much
custome
and
charges
to
be
carryed
from
hence
thither
.
That
the
Marchant
was
wont
commonly
to
gaine
20.
procento
by
the
same
,
sometimes
more
,
sometimes
lesse
.
In
Spaine
when
it
is
brought
in
,
the
tolles
and
other
charges
amount
to
20.
procento
,
and
when
it
is
carryed
forth
,
asmuch
more
,
and
the
charges
from
Spaine
into
the
Indies
are
rather
more
,
then
from
these
Countries
,
and
if
wee
gained
no
more
but
that
which
is
spared
,
by
sending
the
Wares
from
Spaine
thither
,
it
were
more
then
sufficient
gaine
,
and
I
thinke
the
Marchants
and
the
West
Indian
Company
heere
,
would
bee
well
pleased
with
halfe
thereof
.
That
our
Manifacture
may
well
be
carried
thither
also
,
it
is
without
all
doubt
,
because
it
is
knowne
that
in
times
past
they
were
much
vsed
to
be
sent
thither
by
the
Spaniards
and
Indians
,
which
now
would
bee
done
by
those
of
our
Nation
that
goe
to
dwell
there
,
to
haue
them
good
cheape
.
And
finding
the
commodity
and
profit
,
which
they
should
get
by
diuers
wares
comming
out
of
these
Countries
,
(
as
the
like
hapneth
in
Guinea
,
and
heere
without
question
would
bee
more
when
they
dwelt
among
vs
)
then
also
they
would
worke
,
to
get
something
,
and
to
doe
it
,
one
would
apply
himselfe
to
Till
the
same
,
others
to
worke
in
the
Mines
,
and
Women
would
spin
Cotton
wooll
,
and
winde
Silke
,
for
that
by
reason
of
the
warmth
of
the
Countrey
,
Silke
wormes
would
prosper
well
there
,
which
Cotton
wooll
and
Silke
,
might
bee
brought
hither
into
these
Countries
,
to
make
Fustians
and
other
Wares
,
whereby
we
may
see
,
that
the
same
would
yeeld
more
profit
to
these
Countries
then
to
the
Spaniards
,
and
what
great
furtherance
and
power
these
Countries
might
get
thereby
.
And
for
that
the
Spaniard
knowes
well
,
that
Trade
of
Marchandize
consisteth
in
bringing
of
Wares
and
Marchandizes
,
from
one
Countrey
into
another
,
and
that
it
is
necessary
,
that
one
Countrey
should
abound
in
that
,
whereof
the
other
hath
want
,
Therefore
hee
will
not
suffer
Oyle
nor
Wine
to
be
planted
in
the
West
Indies
,
thereby
to
maintaine
Traffique
,
whereunto
wee
shall
haue
much
better
commodity
,
then
the
Spaniard
or
any
Countrey
in
Europe
.
For
when
wee
shall
plant
Vines
,
Oliue
trees
,
Orange
trees
,
and
Suger
there
,
we
shall
not
onely
serue
the
Netherlands
,
but
also
other
Prouinces
and
Kingdomes
,
out
of
India
therewith
,
in
such
manner
,
that
by
the
decay
of
the
Spanish
trade
,
consequently
,
there
must
ensue
,
a
great
eclipse
in
the
King
of
Spaines
Custome
and
Treasury
,
whereof
I
will
speake
hereafter
.
But
to
cause
the
Handicrafts
men
of
these
Countries
,
to
haue
good
vtterance
for
their
wares
,
and
that
in
great
aboundance
,
there
shall
no
other
Manufactures
be
sent
out
of
these
Countries
into
India
,
then
such
as
are
made
heere
in
these
Countries
.
Whereby
,
and
by
other
the
like
ordinances
,
the
said
Lands
will
florish
,
and
be
filled
with
Inhabitants
.
For
that
many
Germaines
,
East
Countrey-men
,
English-men
,
and
diuers
Netherlands
would
come
hither
,
to
dwell
and
place
themselues
,
in
these
vnited
Prouinces
,
some
in
one
,
some
in
another
,
where
they
might
best
get
their
liuings
;
yea
,
and
out
of
Brabant
and
Flaunders
,
many
would
come
hither
,
to
bee
released
of
the
Spanish
yoake
,
whereby
these
Countries
would
abound
with
people
.
And
it
is
credible
,
that
many
Thousands
out
of
other
Countries
,
would
rather
goe
with
their
Wiues
and
Children
into
the
West
Indies
,
then
dwell
vnder
the
Popish
Gouernment
,
for
that
the
voyage
being
short
,
it
may
well
bee
endured
by
Women
and
Children
,
as
many
goe
from
thence
into
Spaine
,
and
few
Fleets
goe
thether
,
but
they
take
many
women
with
them
;
and
this
in
truth
were
no
small
benefit
,
for
honest
men
that
feare
God
,
who
in
time
of
bad
trading
,
haue
no
great
meanes
to
maintaine
their
housholds
,
to
prouide
a
Countrey
for
them
,
where
they
may
in
good
manner
get
their
liuings
,
and
dwell
freely
without
burthen
of
conscience
,
and
carne
their
bread
.
That
Sea-faring
also
should
hereby
be
much
encreased
,
and
many
Saylers
thereby
made
,
and
still
entertained
,
it
may
be
sufficiently
auerred
,
by
that
which
is
formerly
set
downe
,
for
that
if
the
West
Indian
Trade
for
Salt
and
Hides
,
which
wee
haue
vsed
,
hath
maintained
100.
ships
,
what
would
it
be
when
we
should
Trafficke
(
besides
the
Salt
)
for
Sugar
,
diuers
kindes
of
Wood
,
Oyle
,
Wine
,
and
other
Wares
?
This
being
a
voyage
but
of
4.5
.
or
fixe
moneths
to
&
fro
,
which
many
times
we
spend
in
a
voyage
to
the
Straights
,
or
into
Spaine
,
&
there
would
be
better
allowance
then
ordinary
giuen
to
common
Saylers
.
Against
this
,
first
it
might
be
alledged
,
that
here
in
the
land
we
haue
not
men
enough
to
erect
Colonies
in
India
.
Secondly
,
that
our
Countrey
men
by
reason
of
the
heat
in
India
,
are
not
so
able
to
endure
the
ayre
nor
labour
,
and
that
by
reason
thereof
,
they
could
not
make
so
much
benefit
as
the
Spaniards
doe
,
that
doe
it
onely
by
their
Slaues
.
Touching
the
first
,
it
is
already
parrly
answered
,
by
that
I
haue
said
before
;
that
is
,
that
by
reason
of
the
great
Trade
,
many
Marchants
&
Tradesmen
of
other
places
would
come
hether
:
whereof
some
would
goe
from
hence
to
India
;
and
for
such
as
are
fit
for
labouring
,
wee
shall
haue
enough
out
of
high
Germanie
,
Denmarke
,
Eastland
,
and
other
Northerne
Countries
,
who
for
the
most
part
are
industrious
people
,
which
Countries
are
tenne
times
better
peopled
then
Spaine
,
and
there
many
of
the
people
are
so
poore
,
that
they
cannot
liue
in
worse
state
(
then
they
doe
)
by
changing
their
Countrey
;
besides
this
,
wee
might
get
many
Netherlanders
out
of
Spaine
,
that
know
what
benefit
is
to
be
made
in
India
,
who
also
would
be
willing
to
goe
thether
;
as
also
some
that
are
driuen
out
of
Brasilia
and
the
Canarie
Ilands
;
so
that
we
should
get
men
enough
out
of
other
Countries
,
without
emptying
of
these
Countries
,
and
thereby
we
might
in
a
manner
haue
a
two-fold
Netherlands
,
both
in
East
and
West
India
.
Touching
the
heat
,
which
may
be
said
would
hinder
vs
,
to
dwell
or
labour
there
,
shew
the
contrary
thereof
,
wee
neede
alledge
nothing
but
experience
,
which
hath
taught
vs
,
that
the
Netherlanders
wheresoeuer
they
come
,
whether
it
be
in
Spaine
,
the
Canaries
,
Barbarie
,
Guinea
,
or
the
East
and
West
Indies
,
surpasse
all
other
men
in
taking
paines
.
And
if
wee
had
no
other
proofe
then
of
the
Salt
,
which
is
fetcht
out
of
the
West
Indies
in
a
most
hote
climate
,
which
as
I
thinke
,
is
the
greatest
labour
that
is
in
all
the
world
,
it
were
sufficient
to
proue
it
,
and
yet
it
hath
not
beene
found
,
that
in
any
ships
that
sayled
thether
,
they
haue
euer
left
any
of
their
men
behind
them
.
And
those
that
once
sayled
thether
,
haue
many
times
gone
thether
againe
.
Wee
must
also
note
,
that
the
dayes
and
nights
there
,
are
of
an
equall
length
,
and
that
the
heat
of
the
day
,
by
reason
of
the
long
colde
nights
is
much
weakened
,
as
also
by
meanes
of
the
continuall
East
windes
,
which
yearely
blow
there
:
the
greatest
labour
that
is
to
bee
done
in
the
Townes
and
Sugar
Milles
,
may
well
bee
done
in
the
night
time
,
and
touching
tilling
of
the
ground
,
men
haue
time
to
doe
it
from
fiue
or
sixe
of
the
clocke
in
the
morning
,
till
ten
of
the
clocke
:
and
after
that
againe
after
noone
from
three
to
sixe
or
seauen
of
the
clocke
in
the
euening
,
which
is
eight
or
nine
houres
in
a
day
.
There
also
,
all
the
yeare
long
a
man
may
worke
and
labour
in
the
fields
:
but
here
for
the
most
part
we
cannot
,
by
reason
of
the
cold
and
vntemperate
weather
,
the
weather
also
many
times
is
ouercast
,
and
then
it
is
cold
there
also
,
and
although
it
raines
,
yet
that
raine
hinders
them
not
so
much
,
as
it
doth
in
cold
Countries
.
To
thinke
that
the
Spaniards
with
their
Slaues
,
doe
more
profit
by
their
labour
then
wee
,
that
also
is
not
so
,
for
commonly
men
say
,
that
vnwilling
Hounds
catch
bad
Hares
,
and
that
vnwilling
labour
brings
little
profit
,
when
men
labour
as
long
as
you
holde
a
sticke
ouer
their
backes
,
all
that
they
doe
is
without
industry
,
doing
like
Beasts
with
great
labour
:
one
man
of
these
Countries
will
rid
more
worke
,
then
three
Moores
shall
doo
,
which
cost
them
much
money
:
and
when
they
are
vnwilling
to
labour
,
either
they
poyson
themselues
,
or
starue
for
hunger
to
spite
their
Masters
,
as
knowing
no
other
meanes
to
spite
and
be
reuenged
on
their
Masters
,
but
onely
to
make
their
masters
to
loose
their
money
,
and
by
that
meanes
often
times
some
man
that
by
meanes
of
his
Slaues
was
rich
,
in
a
short
time
waxeth
poore
when
they
dye
.
And
when
men
looke
into
the
great
charges
and
expences
which
the
Portugales
and
Spaniards
are
put
vnto
in
their
voyages
too
and
fro
,
wee
must
of
force
confesse
,
that
we
giuing
great
dayes
wages
,
shall
get
more
then
they
,
although
they
should
haue
their
Slaues
and
Victuals
for
nothing
.
Heere
I
would
now
conclude
,
if
it
were
not
that
the
great
distrust
which
onely
is
grounded
vpon
our
small
might
and
power
in
respect
of
our
mighty
Enemy
,
without
any
reason
,
makes
you
and
some
others
discouraged
,
as
I
perceiue
by
your
Letters
,
therefore
to
content
and
satisfie
you
herein
,
I
will
begin
somewhat
higher
,
and
yet
briefly
and
thereby
to
gaine
better
credit
,
and
to
make
your
memory
the
fresher
,
I
will
speake
somewhat
of
our
former
proceedings
,
and
by
a
true
relation
approue
it
:
then
I
say
,
touching
our
weakenesse
,
in
respect
of
so
powerfull
an
Enemy
,
wee
confesse
the
same
.
But
we
are
taught
,
by
the
holy
Scriptures
,
That
there
is
no
difference
with
God
to
helpe
men
by
great
forces
,
or
where
their
is
but
a
small
power
.
2.
Chro.
14.11
.
That
Israell
should
not
brag
and
say
,
mine
owne
hand
hath
set
me
free
.
Iud.
7.2
.
So
our
valiant
Ancestors
in
their
greatest
need
,
when
the
Duke
of
Alua
sought
to
destroy
the
florishing
Netherlands
,
had
their
recourse
to
the
Lord
of
Sabothes
,
which
is
a
God
of
all
power
,
and
a
protector
of
those
that
are
oppressed
,
specially
of
those
that
feare
him
with
all
their
hearts
,
who
therein
to
this
day
,
neuer
failed
in
their
hope
,
but
were
graciously
comforted
.
For
it
is
knowne
to
euery
one
,
how
that
for
the
space
of
50.
yeares
together
,
when
all
things
were
at
the
worst
,
the
Gentlemen
destroyed
,
some
principall
Lords
beheaded
,
many
thousands
spoyled
,
banished
,
and
runne
away
,
the
good
Inhabitants
purses
drawne
dry
,
and
the
good
Prince
of
famous
memory
gone
out
of
the
Countrey
:
the
Spaniards
being
Masters
ouer
all
the
Countrey
,
so
that
in
mens
opinions
,
we
were
all
in
a
manner
vtterly
ouerthrowne
,
but
that
God
(
as
I
said
)
put
such
couragious
hearts
and
constant
resolutions
into
our
Ancestors
,
that
they
tooke
on
them
to
defend
the
Countrey
,
with
body
,
liues
and
goods
,
against
so
mighty
a
Potentate
,
with
constant
perseuerance
and
prouidence
,
as
the
truth
of
the
cause
(
without
the
which
there
is
no
blessing
to
be
expected
at
Gods
hand
)
on
our
side
required
,
expecting
and
hoping
that
God
would
send
vs
a
happy
issue
,
as
at
this
day
it
is
manifest
vnto
all
the
world
,
and
for
the
which
wee
praise
God
continually
.
Now
set
the
present
state
of
the
East
Indies
before
your
eyes
,
whereof
I
haue
already
spoken
,
and
where
wee
in
the
beginning
had
not
one
foote
of
Land
,
and
at
this
day
we
haue
strong
Fortresses
,
and
haue
built
a
good
strong
Towne
,
notwithstanding
that
the
Enemy
there
,
farre
surpasseth
vs
for
power
and
force
,
and
the
best
and
greatest
Trafficke
,
as
also
in
Guinia
,
is
now
among
vs
.
Wherefore
then
should
wee
doubt
,
to
set
a
fast
and
firme
foot
in
West
India
,
where
many
thousand
miles
of
Land
are
yet
resting
,
wherein
the
Spaniards
and
Portugale
neuer
dwelt
nor
Trade
,
and
where
there
are
yet
many
thousand
Indians
,
desire
to
haue
friendship
and
alliance
with
vs
,
as
there
are
among
others
the
valiant
Chilesians
enemies
to
the
Spaniards
,
by
whom
they
were
yet
neuer
wholly
ouercome
.
Thinke
you
that
the
Indians
that
remaine
in
Perto
,
Mexico
,
&c.
when
they
shall
haue
the
least
occasion
,
to
make
vse
of
our
friendship
,
that
they
will
neglect
or
ouer-slip
the
same
?
wee
hope
therefore
by
Gods
blessing
and
his
iust
assistance
,
to
haue
a
happy
and
good
successe
in
our
proceedings
.
Besides
the
estranging
of
the
Indians
,
by
meanes
of
the
sharpe
gouernment
of
the
Spaniards
,
there
is
another
occasion
sprung
vp
,
which
may
cause
the
Spaniards
to
doubt
,
that
the
Indies
shal
be
taken
from
them
,
if
we
once
set
a
foot
therein
,
that
is
,
the
estranging
that
springeth
from
the
Marriages
that
haue
there
bin
made
betweene
the
Spaniards
and
the
Indian
Women
,
and
also
betweene
the
Indians
and
Spanish
women
,
from
whence
the
Mesticos
or
halfe
generations
proceed
,
who
esteeme
themselues
rather
to
be
Indians
then
Spaniards
,
and
for
that
cause
are
more
addicted
to
the
Indies
their
natiue
Countrey
,
then
to
Spaine
.
To
giue
you
a
better
courage
and
liking
of
our
West
Indian
Trade
,
I
will
speake
something
of
all
the
notable
Victories
that
we
in
former
yeares
,
(
by
the
helpe
of
God
)
haue
gotten
in
the
East
Indies
,
which
I
will
at
large
set
downe
for
the
honour
of
God
,
as
also
to
serue
for
a
testimony
of
his
Fatherly
care
and
fauour
towards
those
,
that
with
all
their
hearts
put
their
trust
and
confidence
in
him
.
Andreas
de
Furtado
de
Mendoza
,
Generall
of
the
Spaniards
in
East
India
,
hauing
gathered
a
great
fleet
of
Ships
in
Goa
,
Cochin
,
and
Mallacco
,
being
30.
Ships
,
whereof
8.
were
Gallions
,
and
22.
Gallies
and
Fusts
well
furnished
,
determined
in
Anno
1601.
in
the
month
of
August
,
to
besiege
Bantam
both
by
Water
and
by
Land
,
there
by
force
to
hinder
our
Trade
,
but
being
hindered
from
the
fame
by
stormes
and
contrary
windes
that
happened
,
he
arriued
before
Bantam
vpon
the
24.
of
December
,
the
same
day
that
Wolfaret
Hermans
,
with
three
Holland
Ships
and
two
Pinnaces
by
Gods
wonderfull
prouidence
,
also
arriued
there
.
It
is
a
common
vse
among
the
Netherland
ships
,
that
when
they
haue
past
the
Cape
De
bona
Sperance
,
they
draw
in
their
Ordnance
,
as
thinking
them
from
thence
to
the
Straights
of
Sunea
,
to
be
needlesse
to
be
vsed
,
and
by
that
meanes
had
bin
likely
to
haue
fallen
into
the
hands
of
the
said
Portugall
Army
,
if
God
(
a
thing
worthy
to
be
noted
)
had
not
sent
them
an
vnexpected
messenger
before
hand
,
that
made
them
acquainted
with
all
that
had
bin
done
.
This
messenger
was
a
man
of
China
,
who
with
his
Boate
came
aboard
of
those
Ships
,
when
they
were
out
of
fight
of
the
Portugales
,
thinking
to
doe
them
a
speciall
pleasure
and
good
seruice
,
thereby
to
giue
them
aduise
to
shun
the
danger
that
they
might
fall
into
by
meeting
with
that
great
Army
.
Our
Ships
to
whom
this
message
was
brought
,
were
called
the
Gelderland
,
of
500.
Tonnes
,
the
Zealand
of
400.
tonnes
,
the
Verecht
of
260.
tonnes
,
the
2.
Pinnaces
,
the
one
was
140.
tonnes
,
the
other
56.
tonnes
,
which
sayled
out
of
the
Tessell
in
Aprill
,
1601.
who
in
steed
of
hoysing
vp
of
their
Anckers
,
God
giuing
them
courage
,
tooke
another
resolution
,
for
the
Admirall
aforesaid
,
assoone
as
he
vnderstood
that
newes
by
the
man
of
China
,
willed
the
Anchors
to
be
cast
out
,
and
calling
the
Officers
together
,
after
they
had
made
their
prayers
vnto
God
,
they
tooke
counsell
together
what
was
best
for
them
to
doe
,
for
the
welfare
of
their
small
fleete
,
for
the
vpholding
in
time
to
come
of
the
East
Indian
Trade
,
and
for
the
honour
of
the
Netherlanders
:
whereupon
they
fully
determined
and
concluded
,
that
considering
the
waightines
of
the
busines
in
hand
,
whereon
the
preseruation
of
Bantam
consisted
,
or
the
vtter
ouerthrow
thereof
,
whereby
it
was
euident
what
losse
and
hindrance
the
vnited
Prouinces
might
therby
reape
and
sustaine
,
trusting
vnto
God
for
his
mercifull
ayde
,
they
fully
determined
valiantly
to
fall
vpon
the
Portugall
army
,
thereby
to
driue
them
from
thence
,
and
vpon
the
same
resolution
,
presently
all
their
Cabbens
and
other
things
that
might
hinder
them
were
puld
downe
and
cast
ouer-bord
,
to
the
end
that
when
need
required
,
freely
vse
their
great
Ordnance
,
and
euery
man
personally
stand
to
his
defence
against
the
enemy
as
need
required
;
The
Ordnance
being
cleared
,
and
all
things
ready
prepared
for
such
a
fight
,
being
set
in
order
,
the
next
morning
at
two
of
the
clocke
before
day-light
,
vpon
a
signe
made
by
fire
,
they
hoysed
vp
their
anchors
,
about
Sunne
rising
,
being
the
25.
day
of
December
,
and
about
the
same
time
were
in
sight
of
the
Portugales
,
and
after
they
had
fought
eight
dayes
together
with
them
,
draue
them
from
thence
,
and
forced
them
to
run
away
,
their
ships
being
shot
through
with
the
Ordnance
,
and
sixe
ships
lost
,
whereof
two
we
tooke
,
they
themselues
setting
fire
on
two
of
them
,
and
two
were
shot
vnder
ground
,
&
for
our
parts
lost
but
one
man
,
but
many
hurt
,
and
with
great
honour
went
backe
to
Bantam
,
wherein
few
dayes
they
repaired
their
ships
.
At
this
triumphant
victory
,
not
onely
the
Indian
Kings
and
Princes
,
but
also
the
ghostly
Father
of
his
Highnesse
,
pater
Iohn
Nay
(
when
he
in
Anno
1607.
was
in
the
Hage
)
much
wondred
,
and
finding
occasion
to
speake
with
the
Generall
Wolfart
Hermans
,
he
asked
him
what
moued
him
to
be
so
hardy
and
bold
,
to
set
vpon
so
mighty
a
Fleet
of
ships
,
which
for
ships
and
men
was
three
times
stronger
then
his
was
,
whereby
it
was
apparant
,
that
both
he
and
his
men
were
likely
to
be
spoyled
by
them
.
He
made
him
answere
,
that
he
was
assured
of
Gods
gracious
ayde
,
who
endowed
them
with
such
manly
courage
,
and
that
before
they
would
haue
permitted
the
Enemie
to
bee
Masters
of
them
and
their
goods
,
they
would
haue
set
fire
on
their
powder
,
and
at
one
instance
would
haue
blowne
their
Enemies
and
themselues
vp
into
the
ayre
.
I
haue
written
this
battaile
somewhat
more
at
large
,
intending
not
to
make
rehearsall
of
the
braue
victory
gotten
by
Matelief
before
Malacca
,
and
of
Stephen
Verhaghen
before
Ambyna
,
&c.
because
I
will
bee
briefe
,
the
honour
onely
belonging
vnto
God
,
who
giueth
his
seruants
couragious
harts
to
effect
great
matters
,
and
to
bring
them
to
passe
,
to
whom
be
praise
and
glory
for
euer
Amen
.
Lastly
,
you
write
that
some
men
that
liue
here
in
the
Countrey
,
will
be
doubtfull
to
trust
their
mony
in
strange
elements
,
where
the
winde
blowes
it
away
,
and
whereof
in
long
time
,
men
shall
not
heare
againe
.
All
these
doubts
,
by
that
which
is
said
before
,
are
sufficiently
taken
away
,
but
to
such
as
haue
not
read
the
Letters
Patents
made
and
graunted
to
the
West
Indian
Company
,
by
the
generall
States
,
I
said
,
You
know
how
the
East
Indian
Company
began
particularly
without
any
ayde
from
the
Countrey
,
and
with
indifferent
benefit
,
and
furtherance
to
the
particular
partners
,
by
Gods
blessing
,
still
continue
the
same
,
whereof
the
profit
would
haue
beene
two
times
greater
,
if
they
had
not
beene
pressed
with
excessiue
great
charges
,
touching
warre
,
for
the
maintainance
of
the
East
Indian
Trade
,
and
the
defence
of
themselues
and
their
allies
.
Whereas
the
West
Indian
Company
,
are
graunted
a
notable
ayde
to
be
giuen
them
by
the
generall
States
,
in
respect
of
their
great
charges
,
for
they
are
promised
,
that
they
will
defend
&
protect
their
Company
in
their
free
Sea-faring
and
Trade
,
and
to
that
end
help
them
with
a
sum
of
money
of
ten
100.
thousand
Gilderns
,
to
be
payd
in
fiue
yeares
,
whereof
the
first
200.
thousand
Gilderns
shall
be
furnished
,
as
soone
as
the
first
payment
among
the
partners
shall
be
made
,
and
when
they
haue
furnished
the
halfe
of
the
said
ten
100.
thousand
Gildernes
,
they
shall
haue
their
benefit
of
the
gaine
and
profit
as
all
other
partners
in
the
said
Company
shall
haue
.
And
further
,
when
so
euer
the
matter
within
the
limits
of
the
Company
,
shall
proceed
to
an
open
war
;
the
States
promise
to
ayde
the
same
further
,
with
twenty
Shippes
,
well
mounted
and
appointed
of
all
things
,
as
also
of
brasse
and
other
Ordinance
,
and
a
conuenient
quantity
of
amunition
,
together
with
double
sayles
,
ropes
,
anchors
,
and
other
things
accordingly
.
And
that
when
these
Countries
are
somewhat
eased
of
their
great
charges
which
now
they
are
at
,
and
that
the
said
Company
should
happen
to
bee
put
to
great
charges
,
by
reason
of
warres
,
the
said
Company
should
haue
an
amends
made
them
of
the
said
Subsidie
,
as
much
as
the
state
of
the
land
would
permit
.
Vpon
these
benefits
and
graunts
,
without
doubt
many
thousands
will
willingly
contribute
thereunto
,
specially
when
they
shall
vnderstand
,
that
the
Trade
to
Guinea
and
to
the
Salt
Countries
,
is
also
comprehended
in
the
West
Indian
Company
,
which
trades
yearely
haue
made
good
returnes
,
as
I
haue
already
partly
shewed
,
which
also
will
partly
lighten
the
burthen
of
the
Company
;
whereof
when
the
partners
shal
be
well
informed
before
,
wherein
(
with
this
discourse
I
would
willingly
ayde
them
)
they
wil
the
readilier
contribute
,
which
by
my selfe
I
haue
found
:
for
being
resolued
,
(
for
the
loue
of
my
Country
)
to
put
in
a
portion
,
after
that
I
was
better
informed
of
the
matter
,
I
doubled
the
same
.
And
this
is
certaine
,
that
there
wil
a
great
number
contribute
vnto
the
same
,
whose
hearts
are
by
God
stirred
vp
thereunto
,
1
Sam.
10.27
.
in
the
register
whereof
I
hope
your
name
will
be
one
,
although
there
shall
not
want
money
for
the
erecting
of
this
notable
Company
,
for
the
which
so
many
thousand
good
Patriots
the
last
yeare
did
long
and
wish
after
:
for
if
some
particular
persons
,
at
their
owne
costs
&
charges
(
as
afore-said
)
in
time
of
warre
,
raised
,
furnished
&
set
forward
140.
great
ships
to
sayle
Southward
to
Guinea
,
Cuba
,
and
Espaniola
,
and
still
kept
them
in
Trade
.
How
much
greater
then
shall
this
Fleet
be
,
(
by
Gods
blessing
)
being
endowed
with
so
great
furtherances
and
priuiledges
,
for
the
ease
&
benefit
of
the
partners
,
by
the
general
States
:
for
the
which
preparation
some
other
Common-wealths
,
and
many
thousands
,
that
are
not
of
the
vnited
Netherlands
,
will
participate
with
vs
.
We
must
also
consider
,
that
for
the
price
that
one
East
Indian
ship
doth
cost
to
set
it
out
,
&
in
17.
moneths
brings
home
her
returne
,
we
may
for
the
mony
set
out
3.
or
4.
West
Indian
ships
,
with
hope
of
2.
returnes
in
a
yeare
,
which
shippes
may
also
be
sent
out
12.
voyages
one
after
the
other
,
without
reparations
,
which
will
also
ease
vs
of
a
great
part
of
our
charges
.
Now
to
conclude
,
I
must
answere
you
to
your
proposition
,
of
strange
elements
,
wherby
you
vnderstand
,
that
we
should
both
lose
our
capitall
&
benefit
all
together
.
In
trusting
to
the
venture
of
the
Seas
,
I
beleeue
the
last
well
,
but
that
we
should
lose
both
capitall
and
profit
by
this
Fleet
,
I
hope
that
God
will
neuer
permit
it
,
but
those
that
deliuer
out
their
moneyes
for
firme
rents
,
or
for
any
such
pawnes
,
are
not
they
sometimes
subiect
to
such
chances
,
specially
in
time
of
warre
:
yea
,
and
in
time
of
peace
it
often
times
falls
out
,
that
the
honours
in
twenty
yeares
doe
not
receiue
their
principall
money
layd
out
for
their
deare
bought
lands
,
where
men
in
time
of
warre
,
by
the
Indian
Trade
,
haue
receiued
fiue
or
sixe
principall
stockes
,
by
the
Spanish
Trade
men
in
time
of
peace
yearely
gayned
20.
pro
cento
,
when
their
Trade
prospered
,
which
profit
the
Indians
and
other
Marchants
,
also
in
time
of
warre
;
by
other
Countries
(
as
I
said
before
)
got
out
of
Spaine
,
and
yet
get
alwayes
the
returne
that
shall
come
out
of
the
West
Indies
,
will
farre
surpasse
others
,
when
wee
shall
haue
planted
some
Colonies
there
(
as
wee
hope
we
shall
)
and
it
is
apparant
,
that
many
thousand
Indians
,
will
ioyne
with
vs
,
and
deliuer
the
hill
of
Potosy
and
other
places
,
(
where
the
Mynes
of
gold
and
filuer
are
)
vnto
vs
:
yet
if
this
at
the
first
will
not
fall
out
so
,
wee
will
gladly
content
our selues
with
the
other
rich
commodities
and
great
blessings
,
which
it
shall
please
God
to
send
vs
,
wherewith
those
Countries
aboue
all
others
are
richly
furnished
,
as
we
at
large
haue
already
shewed
.
This
is
that
which
I
thought
good
to
write
,
for
an
answere
vnto
your
questions
afore-said
,
and
other
doubts
by
you
made
,
nothing
doubting
but
that
all
good
Patriots
,
that
defire
the
good
,
benefit
,
and
prosperity
of
our
natiue
Country
,
will
not
at
any
time
take
on
them
,
with
a
good
conscience
,
to
speake
or
giue
counsell
to
leaue
off
the
East
and
West
Indian
Trades
,
that
wee
may
hold
and
enioy
an
vncertaine
Spanish
Trade
,
not
that
wee
doe
not
in
any
sort
long
and
wish
after
a
godly
,
vpright
,
generall
,
and
continuall
peace
:
but
because
we
desire
not
vnder
the
shew
thereof
,
to
be
deceiued
.
Alwaies
the
necessity
of
the
said
Indian
Trades
,
for
two
reasons
is
specially
thought
conuenient
.
The
first
,
that
the
free
Netherlands
considering
their
cituation
,
and
the
manner
of
liuing
vsed
by
the
Inhabitants
thereof
,
cannot
continue
in
their
flourishing
state
and
welfare
,
wherein
(
notwithstanding
the
warre
)
they
now
are
,
if
their
Ships
,
rich
Hauens
,
and
Sea-faring
men
,
and
rich
Marchants
Towne
,
haue
not
free
Trade
and
trafficke
at
Sea
.
The
second
considering
the
King
of
Spaines
might
and
riches
,
in
all
respects
,
the
Netherland
Prouinces
must
be
perswaded
,
that
there
is
no
better
meanes
in
the
world
to
be
found
,
whereby
to
be
released
of
that
continuall
feare
,
then
to
vndermine
the
foundation
of
his
great
riches
to
bereaue
him
of
a
good
deale
of
his
East
and
West
Indian
Trade
,
In
such
manner
,
that
by
meanes
of
the
fire
in
the
East
and
West
Indies
so
kindled
,
the
Spaniards
shall
in
such
manner
decline
,
that
all
the
world
shall
warme
it selfe
by
that
fire
,
for
that
the
Marchants
thereby
,
vpon
the
eclipse
of
the
Spanish
Trade
,
will
disburse
no
money
before
hand
.
And
although
the
first
necessity
of
the
Trafficke
beyound
Seas
,
may
be
some
be
contradicted
and
answered
in
this
manner
,
that
it
followeth
not
thereupon
,
that
we
must
of
force
Trafficke
into
India
,
but
rather
if
we
haue
peace
,
we
might
againe
haue
and
vse
our
olde
Trade
into
Spaine
,
whereunto
,
although
before
I
made
answer
to
the
same
,
yet
for
some
pregnant
reasons
,
I
will
againe
repeat
them
,
that
it
may
the
better
be
vnderstood
,
and
briefly
said
,
First
that
the
Spanish
Trade
,
can
not
be
assured
vnto
vs
,
for
that
the
Spaniards
by
a
hundred
wayes
will
finde
meanes
(
whereunto
they
will
not
want
pretences
)
to
make
it
vnprofitable
for
vs
,
as
by
his
Impositions
,
Toles
and
Proclamations
,
as
of
late
yeares
it
appeared
.
Secondly
,
it
is
altogether
dangerous
,
for
that
if
the
Enemy
hath
any
great
enterprise
in
hand
,
by
that
meanes
(
wee
hauing
put
our selues
into
the
hands
and
power
of
our
reconciled
Enemy
,
)
he
may
not
onely
haue
many
hundred
thousand
meanes
to
hinder
vs
,
but
ayde
himselfe
by
our
Ships
,
Ordinance
and
Saylors
in
great
numbers
,
to
our
great
detriment
,
which
Spanish
Trade
also
,
notwithstanding
,
in
time
of
Warre
,
by
meanes
of
the
English
and
Frenchmen
,
we
haue
vsed
with
indifferent
good
gaine
;
therefore
it
is
altogether
to
be
disliked
,
and
not
conuenient
for
vs
,
vpon
such
tearmes
to
treate
with
the
Spaniard
.
But
now
my
Lords
the
States
generall
vpon
premeditated
ripe
deliberation
and
good
aduise
,
(
without
doubt
by
the
good
prouidence
of
God
)
haue
generally
graunted
the
West
Indian
Trade
to
goe
forward
,
and
haue
endowed
the
same
with
notable
priuiledges
,
whereunto
many
good
Patriots
according
to
their
meanes
,
haue
willingly
begun
to
contribute
.
The
Spaniards
will
not
cease
to
vse
a
thousand
practises
,
to
frustrate
and
make
voyde
the
said
States
good
resolutions
,
either
by
some
Marchants
or
other
Fauorites
,
whom
they
will
seeke
to
stroake
with
the
golden
staffe
of
Peru
,
yet
with
those
that
are
good
and
honest
,
to
no
end
,
who
for
no
worldly
respect
will
be
moued
vnto
so
hurtfull
and
dishonorable
resolution
,
being
assured
,
that
at
the
last
,
thereby
will
ensue
the
subuersion
of
this
great
state
,
and
consequently
of
all
their
Allies
and
adherents
.
But
now
some
men
will
say
,
that
wee
ought
to
keepe
in
our
Countrey
,
without
seeking
to
extend
our
commaund
by
Colonies
beyond
the
Seas
,
that
wee
may
keepe
and
defend
that
we
haue
.
That
is
but
a
bad
counsell
,
for
his
power
,
by
our
Trade
in
East
India
(
as
aforesaid
)
is
much
decayed
,
and
if
God
(
whom
we
must
pray
vnto
for
that
grace
)
will
giue
vs
a
good
successe
in
the
West
Indies
,
hee
will
without
doubt
desire
Peace
with
vs
,
which
for
our
security
hee
will
religiously
keepe
and
maintaine
,
onely
not
to
lose
a
great
part
of
his
Indian
reuenue
,
whereunto
we
haue
good
hope
,
for
the
reasons
before
,
at
large
by
vs
set
downe
.
Then
hauing
shewed
,
how
these
Countries
,
by
the
trade
beyond
the
Seas
,
(
by
Gods
blessing
)
haue
euen
in
the
middle
of
their
Wars
encreased
in
Trade
,
people
,
&
wealth
,
(
which
are
the
Sinewes
of
this
Common-wealth
)
so
wee
must
confesse
that
the
East
Indian
Trade
,
hath
wrought
two
notable
effects
.
It
hath
increased
the
meanes
of
our
natiue
Countrey
,
with
no
small
decreasing
of
the
Spanish
Trade
in
East
India
.
For
the
which
,
God
is
eternally
to
bee
praised
,
and
hauing
also
shewed
,
that
yet
better
successe
by
the
West
Indian
Trade
,
is
(
by
Gods
blessing
)
to
be
expected
.
Then
all
good
Patriots
ought
to
encourage
one
the
other
,
(
seeing
that
they
cannot
better
imploy
their
money
,
for
more
and
greater
reputation
for
the
Countrey
then
so
)
liberally
to
contribute
their
money
for
the
setting
forth
of
this
Fleet
in
3.
payments
,
whereof
the
first
shall
be
payed
the
last
of
Nouember
,
which
next
vnto
God
,
will
be
a
soueraigne
meanes
to
holde
the
Enemy
in
ballance
,
and
keepe
vs
and
all
our
neighbours
and
friends
,
in
peace
without
any
feare
,
if
in
mans
Iudgement
and
consideration
,
there
be
any
security
to
be
had
.
Tu
conclude
,
I
beseech
God
,
to
be
pleased
to
hold
his
Holy
hand
ouer
this
Fleet
,
and
to
strengthen
it
with
his
ayde
,
and
so
to
direct
it
,
that
thereby
our
Enemies
may
be
weakened
and
ouerthrowne
,
and
wee
strengthned
and
made
powerfull
,
and
yet
neuerthelesse
not
to
embolden
our selues
vpon
our
owne
power
,
but
onely
to
rest
vpon
God
,
and
with
humble
hearts
and
bended
knees
to
thanke
him
for
the
same
,
and
commit
our selues
to
his
Fatherly
protection
.
Commending
the
Lords
the
generall
States
,
his
Excellency
the
Prince
of
Orange
,
and
all
other
Noble
personages
,
and
valiant
Souldiers
vnto
God
.
Vale.
Written
in
hast
the
First
of
September
.
1621.