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First
Written
in
Italian
Marques
Virgilio
Malvezzi
taught
English
and
are
to
be
sould
at
his
Shopp
under
St
Dunstons
Church
Fleet
street
.
Virgilio
Malvezzi
I.
H.
contraria
juxta
se
posita
magis
elucescer●…
the
Gratious
the
Proud
the
Chaste
the
foule
Ravisher
the
Tyrant
Famous
People
Your
Majesties
Procus
King
of
the
Albans
had
two
sons
,
Amulius
and
Numitor
,
the
latter
elder
in
yeares
,
the
other
of
a
more
working
spirit
;
the
King
left
his
Kingdome
to
the
elder
,
but
the
fathers
wil
,
and
brothers
prioritie
in
yeares
,
were
forced
to
give
way
to
the
others
more
daring
spirit
.
Amulius
is
not
content
to
have
unthron'd
his
brother
Numitor
;
the
taking
away
of
Kingdoms
would
be
but
little
crueltie
,
did
not
the
taking
of
them
ingage
a
man
to
greater
;
the
one
springs
from
the
other
,
and
the
latter
is
more
fruitfull
.
Hee
feares
his
brothers
children
.
Hee
kils
the
male
,
nor
does
the
female
sex
free
him
from
feare
;
if
shee
chance
to
have
sons
,
he
thinkes
he
hath
taught
them
the
art
of
bereaving
Kingdome
.
The
Tyrant
is
afraid
of
everyone
,
and
it
is
fatall
that
he
feares
his
owne
example
;
for
in
that
hee
fears
every
one
,
he
is
not
exempted
from
fearing
,
in
a
manner
,
himselfe
.
He
thinkes
to
fence
himselfe
sufficiently
against
fate
without
bloud
,
by
putting
her
amongst
the
Vestals
,
to
consecrate
her
virginity
to
the
gods
.
The
young
woman
tarried
not
long
amongst
the
Vestals
,
before
she
was
brought
to
bed
of
two
sonnes
,
having
had
company
with
Mars
,
as
she
affirmed
,
to
the
end
that
this
her
necessary
errour
might
not
onely
,
through
the
eminency
of
the
person
prove
excusable
;
but
in
some
kinde
worthy
of
commendations
:
the
martiall
acts
of
Romulus
gave
credit
to
this
report
;
the
people
of
Rome
for
their
greater
glory
did
increase
it
,
and
stranger
Nations
,
for
their
lesse
of
shame
,
gave
way
unto
it
.
Hee
delivereth
the
young
woman
into
the
hands
of
the
Priests
,
to
be
dealt
withall
according
to
the
severitie
of
Iustice
;
he
commits
the
Twins
to
the
charge
of
a
subordinate
officer
,
with
charge
to
drowne
them
;
but
he
endevoured
to
give
way
to
fortune
for
their
safegard
,
as
also
for
his
own
defence
;
he
feared
that
Revenge
which
oft-times
not
being
able
to
bee
taken
against
the
Master
,
doth
vent
it selfe
against
the
Officer
.
He
exposed
them
therefore
to
the
standing
waters
of
Tybur
,
in
the
midst
of
a
spatious
shelfe
,
where
when
the
river
eb'd
they
were
left
upon
the
drie
sands
.
The
little
ones
lament
,
and
to
their
whinings
,
comes
in
a
Wolfe
,
or
woman
,
in
manner
or
name
,
conformable
to
such
a
beast
,
which
gave
them
sucke
:
there
the
shepherd
Faustulus
found
them
,
and
fashioning
unto
himself
reall
beauties
in
the
majestie
of
their
countenances
,
as
if
the
Stars
did
foretel
to
them
some
great
good
event
;
being
smiled
on
by
the
one
,
and
allured
by
the
other
,
he
resolves
to
save
them
.
This
Shepherd
gladded
,
carried
the
Children
to
his
owne
house
,
and
delivered
them
to
his
wife
Laurenza
,
that
shee
might
bring
them
up
.
The
waters
beare
them
up
,
a
wilde
beast
gives
them
sucke
,
a
shepherd
takes
them
up
,
and
joyes
to
bee
joyned
a
minister
with
the
waters
and
wilde
beasts
in
these
adventures
,
which
might
alreadie
bee
discerned
in
these
miraculous
events
.
They
were
not
much
advanced
in
yeares
,
when
exercising
their
strength
and
valour
amongst
the
woods
,
in
the
day-breake
of
their
youth
,
might
bee
discerned
the
bright
Sunne-shine
of
riper
yeares
.
These
young
youths
did
exercise
themselves
in
the
chase
of
fierce
beasts
,
thereby
inuring
their
bodies
to
hardnesse
,
and
their
minde
not
to
feare
danger
:
where
the
spoiles
of
the
slaughtered
prey
serve
for
trophies
erected
to
the
valour
of
the
hunter
;
in
a
short
space
they
left
preying
upon
wild
beasts
,
and
fell
to
pursue
such
men
who
barbarously
preyed
upon
other
men
,
where
guided
by
valour
,
having
wonne
reputation
,
and
being
followed
by
a
number
of
countrey
people
,
they
freed
those
parts
from
robbers
,
and
made
themselves
chiefe
head
of
all
the
neighbouring
Shepherds
.
These
doe
all
honour
due
to
a
Prince
,
to
those
who
did
discharge
the
dutie
of
a
Prince
.
Such
as
did
live
by
rapine
,
did
not
well
brooke
the
actions
of
these
brothers
,
and
being
desirous
of
revenge
,
whilst
Romulus
and
Remus
did
assist
at
the
celebration
of
some
sports
,
dedicated
to
the
honour
of
god
Pan
,
with
more
confidence
than
becomes
any
who
thinkes
it
lawfull
to
offend
others
,
they
set
upon
them
;
&
taking
Remus
prisoner
,
brought
him
before
Amulius
,
notwithstanding
his
enmitie
to
theeves
,
as
one
that
committed
outrage
in
his
Majesties
grounds
.
The
Shepherd
Faustulus
,
by
the
calculation
of
times
,
was
not
ignorant
of
their
birth
,
being
to
the
beleefe
thereof
,
the
more
incited
by
their
magnanimous
acts
,
which
did
farre
surpasse
the
soules
of
shepherds
;
nor
had
he
for
all
this
,
intention
of
making
their
descent
known
,
till
he
were
thereunto
constrained
by
lawlesse
necessitie
,
or
by
a
faire
occasion
perswaded
.
He
would
not
ingage
them
in
great
affaires
,
before
they
had
great
power
:
when
the
obligation
is
greater
than
the
meanes
,
man
either
dyes
unfortunately
,
or
lives
discontented
;
hee
would
not
sowre
the
sweets
of
their
Victories
,
with
the
wormwood
of
their
birth
;
for
whereas
to
bee
the
chiefe
of
Shepherds
,
was
the
greatest
glory
that
could
befall
the
sonnes
of
Faustulus
,
it
would
prove
a
deplorable
miserie
to
the
sonnes
of
a
King
.
Necessity
administring
occasion
,
he
acquaints
Romulus
with
the
businesse
.
When
Romulus
knew
his
descent
,
he
was
more
violently
incenst
against
the
Tyrant
,
by
whose
death
hee
might
appease
two
powerfull
affections
,
the
one
of
Glory
,
the
other
of
Revenge
:
He
knowes
his
forces
too
weake
for
open
violence
;
hee
hath
recourse
to
Stratagem
.
He
took
his
way
straight
to
the
Kings
Palace
,
accompanied
by
many
others
,
disguised
in
poore
apparell
;
being
come
thither
,
and
incouraged
by
his
brothers
armed
neighbourhood
,
hee
set
upon
the
King
,
and
slew
him
on
that
seat
where
he
had
committed
so
many
wickednesses
.
Numitor
,
who
was
not
ignorant
of
Rhemus
his
descent
,
and
who
by
just
,
at
least
justifiable
pretences
,
had
seconded
the
act
committed
,
favoured
by
the
guardianship
of
Rhemus
committed
to
his
custodie
,
seeming
ignorant
that
they
had
assaulted
the
King
,
though
the
Palace
,
with
intention
of
purging
,
not
of
taking
the
Citie
;
summoned
the
Albian
youths
to
defend
the
Tower
;
but
when
hee
saw
the
two
young
men
come
towards
him
,
calling
a
Councell
,
hee
related
unto
them
how
they
had
bin
brought
up
,
how
borne
,
how
exposed
to
the
waters
,
and
how
saved
.
The
young
men
saluted
their
Grandfather
with
title
of
King
,
the
which
was
followed
unanimously
by
all
the
rest
;
as
well
for
that
it
is
usuall
in
such
assemblies
,
for
all
to
follow
,
where
a
few
doe
but
begin
;
as
also
for
very
commiseration
,
which
never
forsakes
infelicitie
.
Romulus
and
Remus
having
made
their
Grandfather
King
,
they
turned
their
thoughts
elsewhere
.
These
respects
,
the
motives
of
ambition
,
and
incitements
of
glory
,
caused
the
generously
minded
young
men
,
keepe
aloofe
off
from
their
grandfathers
subjection
.
They
goe
about
to
build
a
new
Citie
,
or
rather
to
build
the
walls
of
that
which
their
generous
actions
brought
along
with
them
;
to
this
purpose
they
chuse
that
place
where
they
were
exposed
to
waters
,
as
I
beleeve
,
either
out
of
memory
of
their
fortune
,
or
out
of
gratitude
.
The
places
choyce
shewes
the
builders
wisedome
;
the
first
stone
they
laid
is
a
Touch-stone
,
by
by
which
the
worth
of
their
metall
is
tryed
.
Romes
situation
was
full
of
health-inspiring
hils
,
not
too
far
distant
from
the
sea
,
that
they
might
receive
commodities
;
not
too
neere
,
that
they
might
shun
the
inundations
of
barbarous
people
;
watered
with
a
continually
running
River
,
placed
in
the
midst
of
Italy
.
They
were
readie
to
raise
the
walls
of
the
Citie
,
when
neither
of
them
would
yeeld
in
the
naming
thereof
unto
the
other
nor
in
the
making
of
laws
.
Equality
,
the
producer
of
envy
,
had
much
more
force
in
them
;
for
that
beyond
the
common
equalitie
amongst
brethren
,
they
did
particularise
in
being
equally
conceived
,
and
equally
at
the
same
time
borne
.
Since
they
could
not
find
on
earth
how
to
decide
precedencie
,
they
seeke
to
Heaven
by
auguries
;
Rhemus
on
the
Auventine
hill
,
Romulus
on
the
Palatine
;
and
whilst
it
is
reported
that
six
Vulturs
appeared
to
Rhemus
,
Romulus
shews
that
number
doubled
to
them
that
stood
about
him
:
some
are
of
opinion
,
that
from
hence
a
contention
rising
betwixt
them
,
Rhemus
was
slaine
by
Romulus
.
The
more
common
opinion
,
notwithstanding
is
,
that
hee
lost
his
life
in
leaping
,
by
way
of
derision
,
over
the
walls
his
Brother
built
.
Rhemus
by
this
action
,
either
declared
himselfe
to
be
Prince
,
by
pretending
not
to
be
subject
to
any
Lawes
,
or
else
intended
to
take
the
principalitie
from
others
,
by
making
a
mockery
of
the
Lawes
.
Giving
to
the
begun
Citie
,
the
beginning
of
his
own
name
,
he
called
it
Rome
,
and
instituted
pastimes
in
the
honour
of
Hercules
.
Lawes
were
yet
wanting
to
a
Citie
,
which
full
fraught
with
divers
Nations
,
and
of
divers
manners
,
could
not
without
them
receive
unity
.
Romulus
gives
the
Laws
,
Ministers
to
execute
corporall
punishment
amongst
the
Romans
.
he
strengthens
them
by
force
,
threatned
by
the
twelve
Lictors
which
waited
upon
him
.
To
might
,
he
addes
Majesty
,
figured
by
the
grave
habit
which
hee
wore
,
differing
from
the
habit
of
other
men
.
Romes
walls
increase
,
but
there
want
inhabitants
to
people
it
,
they
proclaime
Sanctuary
,
whither
whosoever
,
having
committed
what
fault
soever
,
might
have
safe
recourse
.
Quietnesse
is
an
enemie
to
new
built
Cities
,
all
hope
consists
in
motion
;
people
who
are
not
apt
to
live
in
Cities
,
are
apt
to
fight
in
the
field
;
and
who
knows
not
how
to
be
a
good
Citizen
,
proves
oft-times
a
good
Souldier
:
Rome
might
rather
be
called
the
Randevous
of
an
armie
,
than
an
assembly
of
citizens
,
for
it
was
not
built
for
commodious
living
,
but
to
bee
made
greater
by
such
,
whose
ends
were
not
safety
,
but
glory
.
All
such
as
did
neither
envie
nor
feare
Rome
,
flockt
together
,
some
for
safety-sake
,
some
delighted
with
noveltie
,
some
perswaded
by
the
desire
of
change
,
some
of
glory
.
To
this
purpose
Romulus
chose
an
hundred
Senators
for
Companions
,
a
number
sufficient
to
govern
whatsoever
State
,
and
equall
to
their
number
,
to
whom
all
other
forme
of
others
command
would
have
beene
insupportable
.
In
the
beginning
of
government
,
every
small
Authoritie
seemes
great
;
in
the
continuance
thereof
,
how
ever
great
it
be
,
it
seemes
little
;
whence
it
proceeds
,
that
in
time
those
Magistrates
are
not
endured
,
which
were
too
greedily
at
first
created
.
To
Romes
intire
perfection
women
were
wanting
;
they
concurre
to
the
essentiall
constitution
of
families
,
families
to
the
like
of
Cities
:
Rome
had
more
of
forme
than
matter
;
Romans
lived
there
,
but
there
were
no
Romans
borne
.
Rome
might
bee
called
a
circuit
of
walls
,
not
a
Citie
;
it
was
rather
a
sepulcher
,
since
there
being
an
impossibility
of
mans
being
there
borne
,
they
must
there
onely
die
.
And
who
was
there
to
bee
found
,
who
by
granting
them
women
,
would
cooperate
to
the
greatnesse
of
this
people
,
and
deprive
themselves
of
those
armes
to
extinguish
them
,
which
their
singlenesse
of
life
administred
?
Romulus
was
not
ignorant
of
this
difficulty
,
he
notwithstanding
sent
Embassadours
to
his
neighbours
,
either
to
obtaine
some
justly
,
or
to
take
them
away
by
force
.
The
neighbouring
people
,
angry
that
the
Romans
had
received
those
whom
they
had
driven
away
,
deny
to
send
them
women
;
and
some
giving
way
to
anger
,
seeme
to
slight
them
with
words
,
I
know
not
whether
fuller
of
ignorance
or
weaknesse
.
The
answer
,
which
together
with
dammage
,
was
accompanied
with
disrespect
,
caused
no
small
indignation
amongst
the
Romans
;
to
make
use
of
revenge
,
they
betake
themselves
to
dissimulation
.
Romulus
faines
himselfe
sick
,
they
dedicate
sports
to
his
recovery
,
and
prepare
for
them
with
magnificence
.
The
neighbouring
people
,
together
with
their
women
,
flocke
to
see
the
sight
,
thinking
,
belike
,
with
safetie
to
present
meat
to
the
famished
.
The
spectators
were
intent
upon
the
sports
;
when
the
signe
being
given
,
the
young
men
of
Rome
laid
hold
upon
the
strangerwomen
;
their
friends
flie
,
complaine
of
violated
faith
;
they
call
for
vengeance
to
their
gods
,
at
whose
pastimes
they
were
abused
.
They
ought
rather
to
blame
themselves
than
others
,
more
for
being
cause
of
their
being
taken
away
,
than
for
their
being
taken
away
.
Nor
were
the
Virgins
lesse
incenst
than
were
thei●…
fathers
;
Romulus
perswades
them
with
arguments
drawne
from
the
efficacy
of
necessity
;
their
husbands
appease
them
with
faire
words
,
drawne
from
the
power
of
Love
,
which
coupled
with
admiration
;
force
was
now
no
more
complained
of
,
being
accompanied
with
the
praise
of
beauty
;
the
which
being
numbred
amongst
the
happinesses
of
women
,
left
them
no
cause
to
complaine
of
being
unfortunate
.
Matrimony
had
already
mitigated
the
Rape
,
and
the
mariage-bed
quieted
the
mindes
of
the
Sabine
dames
,
when
their
friends
clad
all
in
mourning
,
joyning
anger
to
calamity
,
did
incite
their
neighbours
;
and
incensing
the
whole
body
of
the
people
,
they
assembled
themselves
before
Titus
Tatius
,
a
Sabine
King
,
where
the
Councell
being
met
,
wee
may
suppose
that
one
of
them
,
who
was
abused
at
the
aforesaid
sports
,
spoke
in
this
manner
.
THe Romans demanded women , and you denied them ; it was not s●…re an effect of chance , if you all agreed in the deniall ; are then the reasons of their deniall now ceased , because they are violently taken from you ? ought that be granted to force , which was denied to love ? we that were deafe to their intreaties , shall wee bee blinde to their violence ? wee refused to beare their supplications with patience , shall wee endure their outrages with stupiditie ? shewing them , that with us , whilst to take by violence is safe , there is nothing dangerous but to demand .
They make necessitie a cloake for their outrage ; that necessity which had wont heretofore to be the shield of the unfortunate , and the cheering , or encourageing of the fearfull , is now become the cloake of these who are fortunate , and the incitement of the rash ; they tooke from us our Citizens under title of safety ; they forst from us our women , under colour of marriage ; they will likewise seize our Cities by claime of dowrie ; as they have had need of our daughters to increase their numbers ; so will they have need of our Countries , to increase their estate . And say the desire of reigne should cease amongst the Romans , their once having offended us , will serve for provocation to them , to offend us at all times . Favours conferd on any one , are renewed , thereby to continue the memory of the former : Injuries are multiplied , to secure ones selfe for those already done . He who hath done wrong , can hardly become a friend , because he thinks the wrong'd party can never become his friend : where friendship is not hoped for , and injury hath beene received , nothing but revenge is to be had ; the which retarded prolongs , but makes the danger greater , by taking away the advantage of prevention .
Whatsoever is suffered by force , though sometime good effects ensue , is alwayes harmefull , because either it proceeds from envie or contempt : neither doth patience serve the partie injured for ought else , but to make them more insolent who account it weaknesse ; and to encourage them to offend yet more haynously : those who easily beare injuries alreadie done ; if the suffering of injuries would cause quiet , it would argue great wisdome to passe by them ; but without any other profit , it makes the injured parties be esteemed , or foolish , or cowards ; as if they either wanted wit to know them , or courage to revenge them ; whence men lose both compassion and feare , affections onely able to refraine affections in worldly men .
Rome had her beginning in the midst of us , and wee despise her ; shee augmenteth , and wee nourish her ; we give her life , she threatens our death : those who saw her in her beginning , foreseeing the danger that might ensue to their posterity , left the care thereof to their posteritie ; and as a thing which th●…ned all , every one f●…ll to b●… her , none to hinder her : in common evils private men feare not , and in future events , men looke for helpe from Time and Fortune .
The eye which beholds noveltie , leaves no space for the understanding to judge the danger , till it be so farre advanced , as there is no remedie for it ; the errours of slothfulnesse are then discerned , when all diligence is bootlesse .
It is a false opinion held by melancholy men , to give the title of Wisdome to delay ; most businesses suffer shipwrack , because occasions are hasty , and men slow ; men talke of the present time , when 't is already past ; moments ought not to be neglected , when upon these moments , an eternitie depends .
In things which are arrived at full perfection , if not their finall end , at least their decaying ●…ge may in time be expected ; but in things which but begin to increase , to expect , is as much as to give time that they may increase . If a traveller meet with a River at its head , when it is yet but a small brooke , he should doe ill to travell further along it , till he must ferry it over where it is become a large streame . Rome is a little Rivelet , our people like torr●…nts flocke thither , wee must fight , not discourse ; and fight with Romans , before that Romans become a Race of Sabins , before our enemies be our kinsfolke : haste is the best remedie , where time is the greatest enemie .
This
man
having
ended
his
discourse
,
wee
may
beleeve
that
Titus
Tatius
answered
in
this
manner
.
YOU ought either to have granted women to the Romans , or else have fought against their Citie , and gone unto their sports with troopes of armed men , not of young girles . I expected they should have come within our walls to take them from us by force , had not you gone within their walls to offer them to their rapine ; hee who denyes another what of necessity he must have , having gain-said intreaties , ought prepare for violence .
To endevour Romes ruine by force , was a wise consideration , but dangerous ; for your owne more safeties sake , you resolved to deny them women : Good resolutions are seldome taken all together ; in all things dangers doe appeare , and to secure our selves from evill , good is done by halfes ; and the halfe of that good is not good , which consisting in the whole admits of no division . To renew things now irreparable , and which cannot bee diverted , is to beleeve ones selfe greater than the gods , and a labour without profit , or rather accompanied with losse , since thereby wee call to minde those things , the chiefest happinesse whereof consists in forgetfulnesse .
Rome may be said to have its rise and its increase from us , and it is fatall that fathers should lose in the having of children ; drawing neerer to death , by giving life to others , if it be true that the generation of one be the corruption of another .
'T is true , there ought a remedy be had for the appearing danger ; but I not commend the repairing of past errours , caused by delay , with new , and greater caused by impatiencie .
Injuries received , tend to the ruine of men , who with the zeale of honour doe not accompany wisedome ; they run upon revenge for past wrongs , and throw themselves headlong upon new miseries ; they would amend one errour , and produce a thousand .
Too much haste is as much before time , as too much delay is out of time . Errours of impatience are worse than errors of delay ; for it is better to sh●…n precipices , than to run upon them : if they be not hindred , they are retarded . Justice is not beleeved to be there , where violence is observed to be ; nor can it be accounted wisdome , where there is no argumentation . Argumentation is not had in an instant ; Time is not measured by instants . Wisedome is the daughter of Cold , Violence of Heat ; things which have not beene done in times past , may well be effected in times to come ; but things alreadie done , cannot be undone againe : occasions are never wanting to men , but men are wanting to occasions ; they may bee expected , they ought not be prevented .
He who fights , egged on by Fury , begins his warre for having lost ; he satisfies his affection , not his dutie ; and is sooner beaten by his owne weaknesse , than by anothers valour .
Our forbearance is to be feared , not despised ; the world is his who hath patience , when it proceeds from sagacitie , not timiditie . Generous spirits addresse themselves to endure present injuries , out of hope of future revenge ; they reserve their anger to vindicate offences , not to evaporate passion . Dissimulation is not to be blamed , when by the injury of Time , it is not transformed into oblivion ; dissimulation is never worse , than when it becomes forgetfulnesse , never better than when it resembles it .
It is more safe to hinder the increase of Rome , than her subsistancie ; for it is easier to let her wax old , than cause her dye : increase is not there had , where there is no motion ; nor can Cities in peace , increase and receive nourishment ; new Plantations are augmented by the ruine of old ones ; and tender plants , which are hindered by the shade and roots of neighbouring trees , want force to grow up : Rome cannot grow greater without the ruine of our Cities ; nor can they ruine our Cities without warre : to wage armes to destroy her , may afford matter for her increase . All fires are not supprest by ruines , nor quencht by bloud ; that fire which wanteth nourishment , wanteth life ; and where of it selfe it must needs goe out , it needs not the ruine of others .
All industry ought to be used to have peace with a people , who can never have a worser war than peace : faire pretences are not wanting to cloake our received injuries . Necessity commits no offence , kindred are not enemies ; matrimony is no rape ; let injuries done unto the gods , be left unto the gods ; 't is they were injured , not man ; and if men , not Cities ; and though Cities , recourse ought not therefore be had to armes ; to revenge injuries , to reward good turnes , love and hatred are the affections of private men , Common-wealths and States have selfe interest for the spheare of their actions ; beyond the which they neither see nor heare , it is the object of their senses , the mover of their affections , the ruler of their passions .
The
discord
caused
between
Titus
Tatius
his
slacknesse
,
and
the
peoples
impatiencie
,
was
good
harmony
for
Romes
increase
,
for
if
she
were
likely
to
be
lost
,
if
set
on
only
by
the
Sabine
forces
,
what
thinke
you
would
have
become
of
her
,
when
they
should
have
been
assisted
by
so
many
other
confederates
?
These
men
will
overthrow
this
frame
,
but
because
each
one
puts
it
upon
anothers
backe
,
none
move
it
.
The
Cernetians
,
Crustumanians
,
and
those
of
Antenna
,
depart
no
waies
contented
with
the
Sabins
slow
resolutions
:
and
the
Cernetians
more
impatient
than
the
rest
,
enter
the
Roman
territories
to
ransacke
them
.
Romulus
makes
towards
them
,
teaching
them
how
vaine
that
Anger
is
,
which
is
not
sustained
by
forces
.
He
overcomes
them
,
treads
them
under
foot
,
kills
their
Leader
,
takes
their
Citie
,
and
brings
home
his
victorious
Armie
.
Hee
caused
the
enemies
spoiles
bee
erected
,
and
from
top
of
the
Capitoll
did
dedicate
them
,
together
with
a
Temple
,
to
Jupiter
Feretreus
.
Whilst
the
Romans
were
busied
about
such
solemnities
,
those
of
Antemna
did
in
hostile
manner
forrage
their
Country
:
the
Romans
without
delay
,
bring
forth
a
Squadron
of
men
against
them
,
and
easily
defeated
them
,
who
of
spoilers
became
a
spoile
;
and
they
which
lay
in
wait
for
the
goods
of
other
men
,
lost
their
owne
Castle
;
but
Ersiglia
,
Romulus
his
wife
,
solicited
by
the
teares
of
those
women
which
had
beene
violently
detained
,
by
profitable
intreaties
perswaded
her
triumphing
husband
to
pardon
those
who
were
their
parents
,
and
kinsfolke
,
and
to
receive
them
into
the
City
.
Those
of
Antemna
being
vanquished
,
the
Crustumanians
take
armes
,
and
were
soone
overcome
,
fighting
more
out
of
feare
than
out
of
hope
;
disheartned
and
made
weak
by
their
neighbours
losses
.
Romulus
knowing
that
things
wonne
by
valour
,
must
bee
maintained
by
wisdome
,
caused
the
Senat
be
assembled
,
where
I
may
suppose
hee
spake
in
this
manner
.
TO conquer people , and not to know how to make the victory beneficiall ; to win subjects , and not be able to keepe them in subjection , is a losse both of men and time . Providence is necessary , and 't is laborious .
Meanes are not wanting , but those meanes are full of difficulties ; were there any infallible rule found , whereby to secure ones selfe from the rebellions of such as are under him , I beleeve the world ere long would belong to one onely man ; but in politike affaires there is no rule but fortune .
To captivate mens mindes with rewards is impossible ; servitude cannot be rewarded with any other recompence , than being set at liberty : to tye them by an oath , is no way safe ; they are not subjects , whose power is only subject to will ; Liberty is naturall ; servitude violent ; what is violent needes somewhat , which from without may withstand it , if its beginning be not occasioned from some internall cause .
To raze the walls of strong Cities , when subdued , encourageth strangers to make themselves masters of them ; to leave them standing , facilitates the insurrection of Citizens ; and say it were a good advice for places that are within the body of the State ; it is undoubtedly bad for frontier places , where it is hard so to doe , as that they may be of defence against the enemie , and not subject to the rebellion of friends : hee leaves mens mindes apt to commotions , who takes not from them all meanes of defence .
Those who send Garrisons thither , or build Castles there , endevour to maintaine them by force , and often-times lose them voluntarily : they secure themselves from strangers , and put themselves into the hands of their owne people ; over whom they lose the authoritie of command , because they lose the power of punishment ; they free themselves from the danger of citizens , they submit themselves to the fidelitie of a Captaine ; and he , though he may thinke it ignominious to deliver up the Citie to an enemie , may thinke it may bee borne withall , if hee keepe it for himselfe .
He who builds Fortresses in weake Cities , depends also too much upon the too mutable faith of the Captaine ; nor can they much hinder him that is master of the field , as being only usefull to curbe unarmed Citizens , of no use against armed enemies .
To send Colonies to worke this effect , more incenses the ancient inhabitants , and protests the n●…w ones but for a small time : they are plants transplanted , they soone accommodate themselves to the Country , from whence their roots receive nourishment . They forget their originall in all things , save in their desire to be no more subjects , but companions . Men who goe from their own homes , to plant themselves in new places , goe not thither to be servants to them who send them thither , but companions and equals to those who remaine behind .
To keepe Armies stil on foot , to suffocat sullevations in their cradle , is the greatest , and would be the best remedy , if then it were not in the Generals choyce to make a Common-wealth a Monarchie , and himselfe Lord thereof .
He that were alwayes sure to returne victorious , needed no other meanes to secure himselfe ; if enemies be vanquished , friends are tardie , because their feare is greater , and their shame lesse ; but the successe of war is uncertaine ; and it is almost certaine that rebellions succeed overthrowes .
I should thinke the best course for the present , is to send abroad Colonies ; by so doing , the Citie will be free from beggars ; nor will any couragiously minded man leave Rome , while shee is bent upon glorious actions ; and the people round about our walls being subjected unto us by keeping an Armie alwayes on foot , we shall secure them from their enemies , our selves from rebellions .
According
to
Romulus
his
opinion
,
Colonies
were
appointed
for
such
places
as
were
won
.
This
meane
while
the
Sabins
waged
war
against
the
Romans
;
a
war
the
more
to
be
feared
,
by
how
much
the
later
it
was
undertaken
,
being
governed
by
reason
,
deprived
of
its
first
cholerike
violence
,
nor
sooner
taken
notice
of
,
than
in
the
field
.
The
Sabins
seeke
rather
to
secure
their
State
,
than
to
vent
their
anger
;
they
assault
the
Citie
,
not
the
Citizens
,
that
they
may
bring
it
in
subjection
,
without
intention
of
revenge
.
The
feare
of
Romes
greatnesse
,
causes
them
to
move
:
their
rage
for
the
committed
violence
,
the
originall
thereof
.
The
Sabins
by
deceit
get
into
the
Citadel
of
Rome
,
having
by
gold
corrupted
the
daughter
of
Spurius
Tarpeius
,
Captaine
thereof
;
not
without
the
death
of
the
treacherous
young
woman
;
whether
it
were
out
of
hatred
of
the
treason
,
or
did
they
feare
mischiefe
by
the
example
,
or
were
it
for
that
they
did
expect
great
glory
,
by
making
men
beleeve
they
had
wonne
it
by
force
,
and
not
by
fraud
.
The
Capitoll
being
possest
,
the
next
day
they
give
battell
,
in
the
plaine
,
betweene
the
hill
of
the
Capitoll
,
and
the
Palatine
hill
,
where
by
the
death
of
Hostilius
,
who
opposed
himselfe
to
Mutius
,
the
upholder
of
the
Sabine
squadrons
,
the
Romans
began
to
give
backe
.
Romulus
borne
along
by
them
that
fled
,
made
a
stand
upon
the
Palatine
hill
;
he
vowes
a
Temple
to
Jupiter
,
and
prayes
to
him
for
victory
,
wherein
he
is
not
wanting
in
his
owne
endevours
.
Romulus
gives
on
where
the
danger
is
greatest
;
the
most
hardy
follow
him
;
they
drive
Metius
into
a
moorish
ground
,
where
both
parties
meet
with
all
their
forces
,
the
one
to
succour
their
Captain
,
the
other
to
oppresse
the
enemie
.
The
businesse
was
doubtfull
,
when
amidst
bloud
and
dead
bodies
the
Sabin
women
came
running
forth
,
treading
underfoot
their
own
feare
,
with
the
feare
they
had
of
others
;
with
haires
about
their
eares
,
their
garments
rent
,
and
turned
towards
their
brethren
,
towards
their
parents
.
TOo late , said they , is Rape revenged , now when Violence is turned to Love , Rape to Matrimony ; and by that Matrimony children are had ; we are mothers , we are wives ; who is it you will revenge , if there be none that suffer offence , but in being revenged ? You cannot redresse our losses , and you take from us our recompense ; you revenge our long agoe lost virginitie , by bereaving us of the fruits we have thereby received ; you revenge your sisters Rape , with the slaughter of your brethren in law ; if you desire revenge , pardon the innocent ; let them only suffer death , who are the occasions of so great evils : Though we be without fault , it may in some sort bee termed a fault , to have beene the occasion of great mischiefe : Wherefore endevour you with your weapons to pierce our husbands bowels ? they love your sisters , but we your enemies .
Cut off these armes , which have so oft served for chaines about their neckes ; pierce these breasts which give suc●…e unto your enemies : let the injuries of kisses and embraces be cancelled by wounds and bloud . O how much more unhappie are we in being revenged , than in being ravished : deare husbands , cast away your weapons , suffer your selves to bee slaine , in a warre where it is more glorious to lose , than to overcome , where victory is parricide .
Such
like
,
and
more
ardent
passions
proceeded
from
the
mouths
&
eyes
of
the
grieved
Sabine
women
,
when
both
sides
made
a
stand
,
either
inchanted
by
their
laments
,
or
induced
thereunto
by
danger
,
which
being
equall
,
they
stood
more
in
need
of
interposal
,
than
perswasion
.
In
the
already
wearied
affaires
,
and
dangerous
to
all
sides
,
wise
men
doe
willingly
intercede
,
and
are
rather
the
occasion
,
than
the
cause
of
accommodation
,
for
hee
easily
suffers
himselfe
to
bee
perswaded
by
another
,
who
was
already
perswaded
by
himselfe
;
contrary
Elements
,
when
they
are
weary
of
fighting
,
appease
themselves
in
mixture
.
The
uprore
being
ceased
,
the
one
and
the
other
Captaine
meet
in
the
midst
to
become
friends
;
and
as
not
hatred
alone
,
but
rather
desire
of
rule
,
had
share
in
the
warre
,
so
had
it
also
place
in
the
peace
.
These
end
the
warre
,
joyning
together
with
their
minds
,
their
Cities
;
a
more
profitable
agreement
for
Rome
,
because
she
thereby
grew
greater
,
than
would
have
beene
the
victory
,
which
would
have
lessened
her
.
The
Sabins
would
free
their
Country
of
one
infirmitie
;
and
drawing
from
out
of
her
,
her
best
bloud
,
they
expose
her
to
death
by
every
little
accident
;
they
would
extinguish
Rome
,
and
they
make
her
greater
;
they
bring
stones
,
to
stone
withall
,
and
they
use
them
for
building
;
the
chiefe
Sabins
become
Senators
;
Titus
Tatius
partner
with
the
King
.
Titus
Tatius
These
two
Kings
reigned
a
long
time
together
with
concord
and
agreement
.
Titus
Tatius
was
now
in
the
fifth
yeare
of
his
reigne
,
when
some
of
his
neighbours
slew
some
of
the
Laurentinian
Embassadours
.
Romulus
who
till
then
had
concealed
any
desire
of
discord
with
his
Colleague
,
now
suffers
it
to
breake
forth
,
cloaked
by
Religion
;
and
that
hee
himselfe
might
bee
thought
to
bee
pious
,
and
his
Companion
impious
,
hee
publikely
sayes
,
that
the
authour
of
so
great
a
wickednesse
,
ought
be
delivered
up
to
the
Laurentinians
,
but
he
could
not
compasse
his
desire
,
nor
perhaps
did
he
desire
to
compasse
it
.
Titus
Tatius
doth
not
consent
that
they
shall
bee
punished
,
shewing
himselfe
to
bee
an
obstinate
defender
of
those
who
were
his
,
though
in
things
unjust
.
The
Laurentinians
incouraged
by
this
dissention
,
or
were
it
Romulus
that
did
incourage
them
,
slew
Titus
Tatius
as
he
was
busied
about
some
sacred
action
.
The
Sabins
suspect
that
Romulus
had
a
hand
in
their
Kings
death
,
but
hee
as
seeming
to
reverence
Iustice
,
and
not
to
feare
violence
,
neither
made
shew
of
too
much
joy
,
that
hee
might
not
seeme
impious
;
nor
of
over-much
griefe
,
that
he
might
not
seeme
fearefull
:
an
affected
semblance
of
griefe
,
where
the
griefe
may
make
appeare
innocent
,
where
the
fault
is
dangerous
,
and
the
danger
is
of
insurrection
,
in
my
opinion
is
rather
a
harmefull
,
than
profitable
advice
.
Romulus
renewes
Truce
with
the
Lavinians
;
and
whilest
hee
makes
himselfe
sure
of
these
,
warre
is
brought
home
to
his
owne
doore
by
the
Fedenations
;
but
he
assisted
by
artificiall
cunning
,
suddenly
overcomes
them
.
When
they
could
not
by
weapons
beat
their
enemies
,
their
women
worke
upon
them
by
teares
,
the
last
and
fat
all
bulwarkes
of
the
walls
of
Rome
.
The
Veientanians
slept
in
quiet
,
whilst
their
neighbours
were
together
by
the
eares
,
not
unlike
men
oppressed
with
a
Lythargie
,
who
sometimes
waken
at
the
houre
of
death
.
They
begin
to
ransacke
the
Country
;
they
tarry
not
the
comming
of
the
enemie
,
and
returne
home
:
The
Romans
,
when
they
found
them
not
in
their
Territories
,
goe
to
the
Citie
Veia
;
the
enemie
comes
forth
to
meet
them
,
and
to
their
losse
give
battell
;
the
Romans
forrage
their
Countrey
:
and
finally
,
at
the
Veientanians
request
grant
them
peace
for
an
hundred
yeares
.
Whilst
Romulus
,
to
call
the
Armie
to
a
Rendevous
,
made
an
Oration
in
the
sield
next
to
the
Caprean
fenne
,
a
great
and
sudden
storme
of
wind
and
thunder
arising
,
hee
was
no
more
seene
;
but
being
covered
with
a
thicke
obscuritie
,
vanisht
from
the
sight
of
those
who
heard
him
.
The
people
did
suspect
that
the
Senatours
(
whom
he
had
deprived
of
their
authority
)
had
slaine
him
.
The
people
make
a
tumult
;
their
choler
boyles
apace
,
but
leapes
not
out
of
the
vessell
;
they
shew
themselves
readie
to
follow
any
who
wil
revenge
him
;
some
Senator
,
who
at
that
time
had
made
himselfe
the
peoples
Leader
,
might
doubtlessely
have
made
himselfe
Master
of
the
Citie
.
Julius
Proculus
came
in
,
affirming
that
he
saw
Romulus
ascend
up
into
heaven
,
and
that
his
will
was
to
be
called
the
god
Quirinus
;
the
people
beleeve
him
,
appease
the
tumult
,
and
in
stead
of
revenging
him
,
prepare
to
offer
sacrifice
unto
him
.
Where
the
Author
names
Princes
in
wicked
actions
,
he
means
Tyrants
;
and
where
hee
writes
of
Fortune
,
he
understands
her
to
bee
a
cause
unknowne
to
us
;
which
as
all
others
depend
upon
God
,
the
cause
of
all
causes
.
To
give
instructions
to
Princes
,
it
behoves
to
looke
into
their
nature
,
and
sometimes
to
be
contented
to
allow
him
good
,
when
hee
cannot
bee
better
.
Servius
was
the
last
birth
of
regall
power
in
Rome
;
after
him
shee
brought
forth
nothing
but
a
monster
.
Tarquin
makes
his
entrance
into
the
Kingdom
by
force
;
hee
may
pursue
therein
with
courtesie
,
but
he
will
make
use
of
cruelty
:
in
the
death
of
his
wives
Father
,
hee
shewes
himselfe
to
be
revengefull
;
in
leaving
him
unburied
,
proud
;
in
comparing
him
with
Romulus
,
irreverent
.
Hee
who
feares
hee
hath
taught
others
how
to
enter
the
Kingdome
thorow
that
breach
which
he
hath
made
by
violence
,
kils
all
such
Senators
as
were
friends
to
Servius
.
Tarquin
keepes
alwayes
about
him
a
guard
of
armed
men
,
that
he
might
by
force
maintaine
that
Scepter
,
which
hee
had
wonne
by
force
.
To
make
his
power
greater
,
and
himselfe
more
terrible
,
Tarquin
himselfe
alone
takes
cognizance
of
all
causes
,
yea
,
criminall
:
whence
hee
hath
opportunity
afforded
him
to
condemne
such
,
from
whom
hee
may
either
hope
for
profit
,
or
feare
dammage
.
He
hates
the
vertues
of
other
men
,
hee
covets
their
riches
;
which
at
such
a
time
is
an
enemy
to
the
possessor
;
nor
can
there
be
a
greater
happinesse
under
a
Tyrant
,
than
to
bee
unfortunate
.
Tarquin
reduceth
the
Senators
to
a
small
number
,
that
they
may
bee
lesse
esteemed
of
by
others
,
and
more
observant
of
him
.
Tarquin
marrieth
his
daughter
to
the
Latines
,
hee
thinkes
to
shun
the
danger
hee
might
have
run
in
marrying
her
amongst
his
owne
friends
:
to
augment
his
forces
,
that
hee
might
tyrannise
over
the
Romanes
,
and
to
prepare
meanes
,
that
hee
might
in
time
subdue
the
Latines
.
Tarquin
had
already
won
great
power
amongst
the
Latins
,
and
perhaps
that
hee
might
make
it
greater
,
was
the
cause
why
he
desired
them
to
assemble
themselves
together
in
the
Ferentine
wood
,
to
treat
of
publique
affaires
.
They
came
as
appointed
,
hee
delaied
his
comming
;
and
Turnus
,
who
together
with
a
great
deale
of
libertie
,
had
but
small
store
of
understanding
,
not
able
to
suffer
so
long
delay
,
we
may
imagine
spoke
in
this
manner
in
the
midst
of
them
.
(
O
you
Latins
)
is
not
to
be
ranked
amongst
the
unwary
,
nor
numbred
amongst
the
unadvised
.
This
action
proceeds
not
from
pride
,
and
if
from
pride
't
is
done
that
bee
may
governe
;
not
through
neglect
.
He
who
is
wont
to
make
his
companions
become
his
servants
,
will
have
his
friends
become
his
subjects
:
hee
trie●…
our
patience
by
the
same
meanes
,
by
which
●…ee
once
won
the
kingdome
;
to
assemble
a
Councell
,
is
the
authoritie
of
a
Prince
;
not
to
appeare
there
,
the
pride
of
a
Tyrant
;
to
indure
it
,
the
patience
of
subjects
.
is
too
great
to
be
any
other
member
of
our
body
,
than
the
●…ead
:
the
harmony
of
many
good
voyces
is
marred
by
one
,
though
better
,
if
it
bee
too
great
and
loud
.
If
you
bring
in
a
Lion
into
your
Common-wealth
,
prepare
likewise
to
obey
his
will
:
humane
power
is
as
the
winde
,
which
though
it
stands
faire
for
whither
we
are
bound
,
yet
if
it
bee
too
great
,
it
drownes
us
.
Those
who
are
by
much
greater
than
wee
,
ought
to
bee
kept
as
farre
off
as
may
bee
,
or
at
least
where
they
are
.
Wee
ought
endevour
to
have
them
not
our
enemies
,
but
not
desire
to
have
them
our
friends
:
their
conversation
is
not
company
,
it
is
servitude
,
if
it
become
not
enmity
.
Hee
who
would
see
a
large
figure
at
the
best
advantage
,
must
not
see
it
neere
to
his
eye
,
the
sight
thereof
requires
a
great
distance
.
Princes
become
Tyrants
,
because
they
are
never
satiated
with
governement
:
they
will
bee
Lords
of
our
honour
,
goods
,
and
persons
.
They
hold
all
which
they
possesse
not
,
their
enemy
;
they
thinke
all
lost
which
they
get
not
,
no
man
is
content
with
what
he
possesseth
:
our
felicity
which
is
never
found
,
consists
more
in
getting
,
than
in
having
got
:
for
in
the
one
,
men
take
delight
out
of
a
beleefe
of
attaining
to
it
,
whereas
in
the
other
they
are
vext
,
finding
they
have
not
attained
ther
:
unto
.
I
p●…de
m●…
s●…lfe
that
if
ere
were
Lord
of
the
whole
world
,
and
had
what
ever
he
could
desire
;
yet
cloyd
with
worldly
delights
,
hee
would
despaire
,
seeing
hee
had
not
found
out
felicity
,
nor
knew
no
other
place
to
looke
her
in
.
There
is
nothing
so
averse
to
a
Tyrant
,
as
liberty
;
nor
is
there
any
worse
liberty
to
him
,
than
what
is
nearest
him
:
his
people
learne
by
example
,
when
they
are
not
fomented
by
force
.
If
a
stranger
take
upon
him
the
authority
to
assemble
a
Councell
,
hee
will
shortly
have
enough
to
command
it
.
Formes
are
not
changed
in
an
instant
:
accidents
which
have
no
bodies
,
are
those
which
cause
change
in
bodies
.
Doe
you
beleeve
that
hee
who
is
not
content
to
be
Prince
amongst
his
owne
people
,
will
content
himselfe
to
bee
a
private
man
amongst
the
Latines
?
doe
you
beleeve
he
will
abase
himselfe
to
the
brother-hood
of
a
City
,
who
leaves
no
wickednesse
unattempted
,
to
raise
himselfe
to
Monarchies
?
You
have
for
example
before
your
eyes
,
the
Romans
;
examples
are
no
more
beleeved
,
they
admit
of
interpretation
;
such
as
had
wont
to
serve
for
instruction
,
before
a
deed
be
done
,
finde
no
beleefe
,
till
after
it
be
done
.
They
are
become
pernicious
in
humane
actions
,
they
are
not
considered
as
they
are
;
every
one
fits
them
according
to
his
owne
desire
,
either
to
beleeve
too
much
in
them
,
or
not
beleeve
in
them
at
all
.
What
will
you
have
to
doe
with
him
from
whom
you
can
expect
no
helpe
,
unlesse
it
be
to
rule
you
;
nor
expect
counsell
,
unlesse
it
bee
how
to
grow
cruell
?
And
say
his
customes
hurt
not
you
,
because
they
are
in
him
;
they
will
endammage
you
,
because
they
will
passe
into
you
:
mischiefe
of
its
owne
nature
is
taking
,
and
't
is
likely
that
Tyranny
hath
somewhat
of
sweetnesse
in
it
,
since
that
many
laying
aside
the
securitie
of
Principality
,
betake
thems●…lves
to
Tyranny
not
without
danger
.
Wee
have
too
much
forgot
our selves
in
suffering
his
allyance
:
matches
with
Princes
,
become
not
a
Common-wealth
;
strangers
have
got
one
foot
in
,
to
take
possessiot
;
citizens
have
a
leaning
stocke
without
,
whereby
to
make
themselves
Masters
thereof
.
Tyrants
ought
to
be
hated
,
not
reverenced
by
the
people
;
it
is
not
safe
to
mention
him
,
much
lesse
to
introduce
him
into
a
Common-wealth
;
hee
who
speakes
of
him
,
should
make
him
be
beleeved
to
be
a
Tygre
,
a
Sphinx
,
not
a
man
.
I
cannot
beleeve
you
have
a
desire
of
Lords
to
become
servants
;
I
know
not
whether
yee
suffer
your selves
to
perish
through
ignorance
,
or
weaknesse
,
or
through
both
;
for
my
part
,
my
vote
shall
cease
together
with
my
life
,
and
not
before
,
in
this
Common-wealth
;
whilst
lives
,
silence
shall
not
be
the
overthrow
thereof
;
hee
who
will
follow
my
steps
,
shall
not
be
commanded
by
Here
Turnus
made
an
end
,
when
each
one
turned
about
to
salute
Tarquin
,
who
arrived
at
that
very
instant
;
and
being
admonished
to
make
his
excuse
,
said
that
the
occasion
of
his
so
long
stay
,
was
his
having
stickled
in
a
difference
betweene
a
father
and
a
sonne
.
Turnus
,
who
by
fiercenesse
and
freedome
of
speech
,
had
wonne
reputation
amongst
the
Latins
,
following
his
accustomed
wont
,
answered
;
Such
differences
require
not
much
time
to
end
them
:
the
sonne
is
bound
to
obey
his
father
,
if
he
be
good
;
if
he
be
bad
,
to
beare
with
him
;
howsoever
,
to
reverence
him
:
and
he
hath
then
least
reason
on
his
side
,
when
he
pretends
to
have
most
.
Tarquin
,
that
hee
might
plot
the
death
of
Turnus
,
hath
recourse
to
some
of
the
contrary
faction
,
by
whose
meanes
,
a
servant
of
his
is
suborned
to
receive
great
store
of
armes
and
weapons
into
his
house
.
The
next
morning
,
Tarquin
assembles
together
many
of
the
chiefe
of
the
Latins
,
in
the
midst
of
which
,
we
may
imagine
he
spoke
thus
:
yesterdayes
delay
,
oh
yee
Latins
,
hath
delayd
all
our
deaths
.
was
grieved
at
it
,
because
his
hopes
were
thereby
prolonged
;
hee
that
day
thought
to
make
himselfe
Master
over
you
;
he
deferd
his
thought
,
because
be
on
whom
his
thoughts
were
chiefly
bent
,
deferd
his
comming
.
I
know
this
to
bee
true
,
and
such
is
his
untamed
pride
,
as
might
make
you
know
it
also
:
but
it
will
appeare
plaine
unto
you
,
when
searching
into
the
most
secret
places
of
his
house
,
you
shall
finde
them
filled
with
weapons
.
A
fierce
and
proud
Citizen
,
is
the
Lion
of
the
Citie
;
if
he
tarry
there
,
hee
will
be
King
;
fiercenesse
makes
him
rashly
seeke
for
that
,
which
pride
makes
him
covetously
desire
,
such
a
ones
greatest
enemy
is
he
who
is
the
Cities
chiefest
friend
.
Your
owne
eares
filled
with
so
many
opprobrious
lyes
utterd
against
me
,
may
be
a
witnesse
of
this
;
he
never
sought
for
glory
,
but
by
detracting
from
others
;
he
is
one
of
those
who
terme
themselves
free
,
and
are
so
indeed
,
in
as
much
as
they
are
not
subject
to
reason
;
a
people
who
see
nothing
but
faults
,
because
they
seeke
after
nothing
else
:
they
blame
the
Sunne
,
because
it
offends
their
eyes
,
and
know
not
that
the
fault
is
in
their
eyes
,
not
in
the
Sunne
:
a
wicked
generation
,
whose
fame
lies
onely
in
diffamation
;
their
praise
in
blaming
,
their
greatnesse
in
detraction
.
They
say
whatsoever
comes
next
to
mouth
,
so
it
bee
bad
enough
;
they
are
proud
,
envious
,
arregant
,
and
malicious
;
they
seeke
for
applause
,
through
evill
speaking
,
and
because
they
meet
with
it
in
the
weaker
sort
,
they
make
the
better
Citizens
grow
desperate
;
and
under
a
false
shew
of
libertie
,
they
first
confound
the
true
one
;
then
oppresse
it
:
they
have
no
meanes
to
raise
themselves
,
but
by
taking
from
others
;
that
they
may
rise
,
they
put
him
under-foot
whom
they
detract
,
and
so
,
〈◊〉
they
may
appeare
great
,
like
women
,
they
care
not
whether
it
be
by
flesh
,
or
a
chopine
:
this
kinde
of
people
most
pernitious
to
the
whole
world
,
sow
confusion
,
make
Princes
become
Tyrants
,
raise
discords
in
Senats
,
fill
Cities
with
calumnies
,
and
finally
with
dead
men
.
sayes
,
I
aspire
to
the
government
of
you
;
he
brings
for
example
,
that
I
am
hatefull
to
mine
owne
people
,
an
enemie
,
a
Tyrant
to
them
.
O
miserable
condition
of
Princes
!
when
as
necessitie
inforces
them
to
oppose
themselves
to
the
ambition
and
hatred
of
great
ones
,
they
call
them
Tyrants
:
They
cannot
make
good
the
reasons
they
have
of
putting
them
to
death
,
unlesse
the
Princes
will
suffer
themselves
to
be
st●…ine
:
conspi●…acies
●…e
〈◊〉
trickes
,
and
inventions
,
when
they
end
it
not
in
a
Tragedie
with
the
death
of
the
Prince
;
they
are
held
impossible
,
though
their
truth
●…e
seene
e●…ery
d●…y
;
it
is
lawfull
to
beat
backe
force
by
force
;
if
private
men
doe
so
,
they
are
borne
withal
,
if
not
commended
;
in
Princes
it
is
blamed
,
&
necessity
is
termed
cruelty
;
the
weakest
seemes
alwayes
to
have
the
justest
cause
,
though
true
justice
consists
only
in
such
as
are
powerfull
,
who
have
it
in
their
choice
to
doe
,
what
the
others
are
inforst
to
doe
.
And
who
is
it
that
hates
me
,
unlesse
it
be
the
Senate
,
which
cannot
brooke
Princes
,
nor
be
brooked
by
Princes
;
it
was
a
friend
to
because
it
took
not
from
him
that
Authority
it
tooke
from
the
Kingdome
,
though
it
belonged
not
unto
him
;
but
it
hath
taken
both
the
one
and
the
other
from
me
,
to
whom
of
right
they
did
belong
;
Right
is
not
by
them
weighed
,
but
numbred
;
and
is
there
beleeved
to
be
,
where
it
is
cryed
up
by
the
major
partie
.
A
Senate
is
ordained
for
free
Cities
;
where
such
freedome
is
not
,
it
corrupteth
Government
,
and
makes
Monarchie
turne
Tyrannie
.
Doe
not
beleeve
(
O
Latins
)
that
the
faults
which
they
object
unto
mee
,
proceed
from
any
vice
of
mine
,
they
〈◊〉
caused
through
the
necessity
of
government
:
they
who
desire
a
mediocrity
in
liberty
,
desire
it
not
as
meaning
to
rest
there
,
but
that
they
may
the
easier
compasse
what
yet
remaines
behind
:
if
a
rider
put
a
rough
bit
in
a
horses
mouth
which
will
not
bee
governed
,
no
man
blames
him
for
severity
;
they
blame
the
horse
because
he
will
not
be
ruled
;
and
yet
they
cal
the
Prince
cruell
,
who
would
c●…rb
the
Senate
,
and
call
not
the
Senate
head-strong
which
will
not
obey
the
Prince
:
where
there
i●…
such
a
magistracie
,
the
Prince
must
either
heare
himselfe
called
Tyrant
,
or
suffer
his
Principality
be
taken
from
him
,
or
give
it
up
himselfe
:
this
name
of
Tyrant
,
which
is
so
frequent
in
every
mans
mouth
,
what
is
it
,
but
his
command
who
forceth
himselfe
to
be
obeyed
?
which
if
it
be
true
,
every
one
that
commands
is
a
Tyrant
;
since
there
are
very
few
,
or
indeed
none
at
all
,
who
,
all
other
impediments
taken
away
,
doe
naturally
affect
servitude
;
for
my
part
I
will
rather
re●…ounce
,
than
prejudice
government
;
quit
the
Principality
rather
than
lessen
it
.
But
allow
it
,
though
voyd
of
all
truth
,
that
I
be
hatefull
,
an
enemie
,
and
a
Tyrant
to
my
people
:
who
knowes
not
that
if
I
have
enemies
,
it
behoves
mee
seeke
for
friends
?
that
hee
who
is
hated
of
his
subjects
,
cannot
subsist
without
the
love
of
forrenners
?
that
he
cannot
by
violence
hold
in
the
Romans
,
who
hath
not
the
Latins
for
his
faithfull
confederates
?
In
briefe
,
Truth
is
a
precious
liquor
,
it
will
not
be
kept
under
by
the
waters
of
falshood
,
but
will
float
above
;
and
falshood
is
a
viper
,
which
wounds
with
her
teeth
,
and
beares
the
cure
in
her
belly
.
You
see
now
the
words
which
made
use
of
to
falsifie
truth
,
are
the
selfe-same
by
the
which
I
prove
the
truth
;
you
shall
see
the
same
man
,
who
hath
offended
mee
,
stand
up
in
my
defence
.
I
will
then
shew
you
what
is
,
when
you
shall
know
what
The
Latins
goe
to
Turnus
his
house
,
prepared
to
beleeve
all
,
if
they
finde
that
of
the
armes
true
;
and
finding
it
to
be
true
,
they
make
him
prisoner
;
they
assemble
the
Councell
,
and
placing
Turnus
and
his
armes
in
the
midst
,
the
anger
of
those
who
stood
about
him
did
so
increase
,
as
not
allowing
him
to
speake
in
his
defence
,
they
found
a
new
way
of
death
for
him
in
the
Ferentine
waters
.
Tarquin
summons
the
Latins
againe
to
Counsell
,
he
praiseth
the
revenge
they
have
taken
of
one
that
was
seditious
;
hee
desires
them
to
renue
their
league
and
friendship
with
the
Romans
.
Tarquin
commands
that
all
the
armed
youth
assemble
themselves
together
,
in
the
Ferentine
wood
;
where
all
the
people
being
met
,
and
having
for
their
greater
securitie
,
mingled
together
the
Roman
and
Latin
Colours
,
hee
there-out
framed
an
armie
.
Hee
wages
warre
against
the
Volsians
,
hee
by
force
takes
from
them
Suessa
,
and
Pometia
;
hee
reserves
the
prey
,
to
build
a
Temple
to
Jupiter
.
Tarquin
was
a
wicked
Prince
,
but
a
valiant
Captaine
.
Tarquin
besiegeth
the
Gabians
,
but
being
driven
from
their
walls
,
and
desparing
to
overcome
them
by
Romane
Art
,
he
hath
recourse
unto
his
treacheries
;
wherein
his
youngest
sonne
interposing
himselfe
,
wee
may
imagine
that
Tarquin
being
himselfe
most
wicked
,
did
most
wickedly
,
in
some
such
sort
as
this
incouraged
him
.
WE have in vain , O Sextus , by force assaid the Gabins , nought now remaines but craft , which is the second means of greatnesse ; force being the first , craft is good to adde force to things already acquired : force is requisite to maintaine what is gotten by craft : The one of it selfe is of no use , the other without relish . I surely should not put this behinde what ever else , for what concernes the augmenting of States , were it not a weapon which oft lose h his edge , when it is first made use of . Who will availe himselfe of wisedome , shall bee alwayes good , but not alwayes great . Liberty were not necessarily naturall to man , were not force and craft to bee used in his subjection .
No people are overcome but by some meanes , and that means deserveth praise , because it hath prevailed . They are to bee blamed I confesse , who have offered at a Tyranous government , but not they who have effected it . Tyranny is a flame , which at the first sends forth smoake , burnes bright at last ; and becomes alwayes most cleare , as it findes least resistance .
That which many account infamy , is for the most part overcome by the rumor of victory , or by time quite extinguished : most Princes , are Princes , because their predecessors have beene Tyrants .
To become great , it is not sufficient not to feare the sword , if either mens tongues or pens be feared ; they blame all meanes , whereby they may be brought in subjection : to purchase immortall fame , it sufficeth that all ones actions be great ; equall renowne is got by a good and by a bad report , if they bee equally great .
Those Philosophers which the world calls wise , I call crafty ; they are weake people , therefore blame violence : abject , therefore blame greatnesse : poore , therefore prayse povertie .
They teach to bee contented with little , because they themselves cannot attaine to much ; and that which being necessity would cause them bee pittied , they would make the world beleeve were vertue , that they might bee admired : every one that hath braines in his head , seeketh priority , and who cannot get it amongst men , seekes for it amongst children .
What doe they intend when they blame greatnesse , but to make themselves bee beleeved great ; since not being so , and passing their time in rest and quietnesse , as drowned in a lothsome idlenesse , they seeke to abase , nay to hurry downe those glories which the most renowned Princes of the world have won with their so much labour and danger . Great sure is their humilitie , who being the most contemptible of all the world , would make themselves bee beleeved greater , than who are greatest . They contend against nature , and yet would sublimate themselves contrary to the will of fortune : they teach all things to bee contemptible , save such qualities as they are endowed withall , though those bee of all other most contemptible ; but what will you ? they prayse these vertues as chiefest , which make them greatest .
We all aime at the same thing ; every one blames that course which hinders him . They praise humility , poverty , and continency , even to the Skies , because their so doing makes them seeme great : we all fish in the Sea , but with differing tooles ; one takes a Minim , the other a Whale .
Goe then my sonne to the Gabins , seeme as if you fled from me ; accuse me of cruelty , indevour their confidence , behave your selfe as one of their companions , if you will attaine to command .
We
may
beleeve
that
those
most
wicked
lessons
were
given
to
a
sonne
,
to
instruct
him
in
villany
.
Hee
obeyes
,
flies
to
the
Gabins
;
and
't
is
likely
that
in
the
midst
of
them
he
broke
into
such
like
words
as
these
:
LOe here a sonne , O Gabins , escaped from his fathers sword , to shield himselfe in his enemies armes ! he brought mee up as a sacrifice , to make an oblation of mee to the Temple of cruelty : if fathers bee enemies , it behoves enemies be fathers .
He would cause the same lonelinesse in his Family , which hee hath done in the Senate ; hee knowes not how to bee father , neither of his Countrey , nor Children . All his thirst is after blood ; he onely covets rule , that he may kill . He covets the command of Cities , onely that hee may dispeople them . He likewise would destroy father-hood it selfe , perhaps because it resembles Principalitie .
His cruelty is a fire , which alwayes burnes what is next unto it , that after other things it may consume it self . He seeks his sons blood , cloyd with the blood of so many Citizens , for his further delight , hee must needs use some extraordinary crueltie .
Hee seeth hee hath sons , hee thinkes them like himselfe ; hee feares them , because hee feares himselfe . The consciousnesse of his owne misdeeds , corrodes him ; he feares his owne imagination , which onely represents unto him horrible things ; and hee thinking to take courage , betakes himselfe a fresh to murthers : and by how much the more hee imbrues his hands in blood , that he may free himselfe from fearing others , hee feares himselfe the more . A Tyrant would not know what to desire , if after having committed so many man-slaughters , hee should forget the having committed them : fortune may well free him from punishment , but nothing from feare ; his f●…are endures as long as doth his life .
'T is safer to be Tarquins enemy , than his sonne ; there is no such way as enmity to free ones selfe from being assassinated by such a one .
Startle not , O ye Gabins , at my being begot by Tarquin ; Children doe not alwayes resemble their fathers : a tender worme sometimes hath its beginning from a knotty peece of wood . If things begotten did not oft-times differ from things begetting , there would be no varietie of individuals , but onely a didiuersity of species ; and the world , deprived as it were of its beauties , would remaine alwaies in the same state .
'T is I , 't is I , that will revenge , so many villanies ; the fates will have it so . Tyrants are like fruit , like iron ; they from their owne substance produce the rust which consumes them , the wormes which devoure them .
If love to fathers were naturall , bruit beasts would likewise observe it : and how many children doe wee see adulterously begotten , who love those as their fathers , who are not so ?
If he begot me , 't was either out of the itch of sence , or incitement of ambition , either to delight or to eternise himselfe : and if he did desire a child , he did not desire me for that childe : and what obligation owe I then to him , who desired my life when hee knew mee not ; and knowing mee , desires my death ?
The
Gabins
entertaine
him
;
they
beleeve
,
their
beleef
springs
from
their
desire
.
Sextus
Tarquin
seemes
not
willing
to
meddle
in
civill
affaires
,
hee
perswades
them
to
trust
him
with
what
belongs
unto
the
warre
:
and
so
behaves
himselfe
,
that
having
some
small
bickerings
with
the
Romans
,
he
came
alwayes
off
with
the
best
.
Sextus
Tarquin
Hee
is
affable
unto
them
all
,
justly
divides
the
spoyles
;
will
bee
their
companion
;
nor
shewes
any
superiority
,
save
in
valour
.
And
so
ties
the
hearts
of
the
people
to
him
,
as
his
authoritie
amongst
the
Gabins
,
is
not
inferiour
to
Tarquins
,
amongst
the
Romanes
.
He
sends
a
messenger
to
his
father
,
to
let
him
know
what
hee
hath
done
,
and
to
heare
from
him
what
hee
would
have
him
doe
.
The
counsell
which
Tarquin
gave
his
sonne
,
was
the
same
which
Periander
gave
Trasybulus
.
He
leads
the
Embassadour
into
a
garden
,
where
with
a
wand
hee
tops
off
the
heads
of
the
highest
flowers
.
Sextus
understands
his
wicked
fathers
counsell
;
and
by
sundry
meanes
he
banisheth
some
of
the
chiefe
Citizens
,
puts
some
to
death
,
and
leaveth
way
for
some
to
escape
;
and
dividing
all
their
goods
amongst
the
common
people
,
by
the
sweet
of
profit
,
hee
luls
them
into
a
lethargie
,
from
which
they
never
did
awake
,
till
the
Gabines
liberty
was
at
an
end
.
Tarquin
makes
peace
with
the
Equi
,
renewes
his
league
with
the
Tuscans
,
and
betaking
himselfe
to
City
affaires
,
will
finish
the
Temple
of
Jupiter
Tarpeius
.
The
Temple
being
built
,
wherein
he
had
imployed
the
people
;
he
fell
to
the
causing
of
certaine
common
Shores
be
cleansed
.
Whilest
the
Romanes
were
intent
upon
their
affaires
,
a
great
prodigie
appeares
.
A
Serpent
is
seene
to
come
out
of
a
Columne
of
wood
,
which
frightens
,
and
puts
to
flight
all
the
Court.
Tarquin
sends
his
two
sons
,
Titus
and
Arons
,
to
the
Oracle
;
who
take
along
with
them
,
Junius
Brutus
,
their
sisters
son
;
whom
he
had
not
onely
suffered
to
live
after
having
slaine
his
brother
,
but
for
his
fate
permitted
him
to
keepe
company
with
his
sonnes
.
This
Brutus
,
who
knew
no
greater
safety
under
the
Tyrant
,
than
scorne
and
neglect
,
where
a
greatly
good
and
greatly
bad
fame
are
equally
dangerous
,
where
Iustice
is
not
regarded
,
where
knowledge
is
pernicious
,
betakes
himselfe
to
madnesse
,
and
assisted
by
his
being
naturally
given
to
melancholy
,
by
counterfeiting
secures
himselfe
,
leaving
nothing
for
the
Tyrant
either
to
desire
or
feare
.
Brutus
who
was
Master
of
this
Art
,
with
the
turning
of
the
Scene
,
ownes
himselfe
.
He
makes
himselfe
knowne
when
hee
drives
out
the
Tyrant
;
hee
unmaskes
himselfe
at
the
last
Scene
;
every
one
commends
him
,
when
they
consider
him
,
because
they
considered
him
not
till
the
end
of
the
Tragedie
.
They
come
to
the
Oracle
,
and
after
having
made
known
their
Fathers
desires
,
they
make
inquiry
touching
the
succession
of
the
Kingdome
;
a
voyce
was
heard
to
answer
,
hee
of
you
shall
reigne
,
who
shal
first
kisse
his
mother
:
the
two
brothers
agreed
,
not
to
speake
of
this
to
Sextus
,
who
staid
at
Rome
,
and
to
commit
it
to
Fortune
,
which
of
them
should
first
kisse
their
mother
:
but
Brutus
,
seeming
as
if
he
fell
,
kist
the
earth
,
as
he
who
knew
the
answers
of
Oracles
,
not
to
be
so
cleere
,
but
full
of
a
thousand
ambiguities
.
They
returne
with
their
answer
to
their
Father
,
whom
they
find
hath
waged
war
with
the
Rutuli
,
and
besieged
Ardea
.
Whilst
they
were
besieging
of
Ardea
,
which
siege
was
more
tedious
,
than
otherwise
troublesome
;
Collatine
,
and
other
young
men
,
supt
one
night
with
Sextus
Tarquin
,
and
warmed
with
overmuch
wine
,
there
grew
a
contention
amongst
them
concerning
their
wives
,
each
praising
his
owne
above
the
rest
:
they
resolve
to
goe
find
them
out
forthwith
,
that
they
may
be
certain
of
the
truth
.
These
young
men
make
haste
,
first
to
Rome
,
then
to
Collatia
:
they
finde
Lucretia
,
not
like
the
Kings
daughters
in
law
,
feasting
and
rioting
;
but
amidst
her
women
dividing
out
their
work
;
they
grant
her
the
victory
;
and
here
being
by
her
husband
invited
,
a
base
lust
ariseth
in
Sextus
Tarquin
,
occasioned
as
well
by
the
chastity
as
by
the
beauty
of
Lucretia
:
the
looke
of
a
lascivious
man
,
is
like
the
looke
of
a
Basiliske
,
it
kils
Chastitie
by
beholding
it
.
Many
dayes
past
not
,
ere
Sextus
Tarquin
returned
to
Collatia
,
with
one
only
companion
,
not
making
any
mention
thereof
to
the
rest
;
he
was
fairely
welcomed
by
her
who
apprehended
no
deceit
;
he
supt
,
withdrew
himselfe
to
his
lodging
,
and
when
he
thought
that
all
were
fast
asleep
,
he
came
with
a
naked
dagger
in
his
hand
to
where
Lucretia
lay
;
hee
laid
his
hand
upon
her
brest
;
hee
hath
recourse
to
the
instruments
of
hatred
,
for
his
assistance
in
love
;
and
hee
who
was
wont
by
sword
to
vent
his
angrie
passions
,
knowes
not
how
to
lay
it
aside
in
tendrest
affections
;
he
threatens
her
,
he
speakes
her
faire
,
and
seeing
her
ready
rather
to
imbrace
death
,
than
him
;
ready
rather
to
lose
her
life
than
honour
;
he
sayes
hee
will
kill
some
servant
close
by
her
,
to
make
her
bee
beleeved
a
foule
adulteresse
.
See
how
this
wicked
one
threatens
to
bereave
her
of
her
honour
,
that
he
may
bereave
her
of
it
.
Lucretia
thus
assaulted
,
with
the
same
weapons
wherewith
shee
defended
her
Chastitie
,
yeelded
to
Tarquins
prevailing
lust
.
Tarquin
overjoyd
,
departs
triumphant
;
saddest
Lucretia
remaines
overwhelmed
with
griefe
;
shee
sends
for
her
father
and
her
husband
.
Spurius
Lucretius
comes
and
brings
with
him
Publius
Valerius
;
Lutius
Junius
Brutus
accompanieth
Collatine
;
shee
acquainteth
them
with
what
is
past
,
which
said
,
sorrowfull
as
shee
was
,
I
perswade
my selfe
shee
added
these
like
words
.
AND what could unfortunate Lucretia doe ? if shee had died that shee might have lived chaste , you would have thought her slaine for having been unchaste . O most cruell Law of Honour , which savest not the innocent ; A law never descended from Heaven , but come from the deepest Abysse of Hell .
I who would have mine honestie knowne to all , have more studied glory than chastity ; and whilst I sought after the name of Chaste , I am with infamie become unchaste : I thought death the worst of all evils ; I thought it the cure of all misfortunes ; I feared nothing , since I feared not to die , yet now I was inforst to chuse life , so not to lose mine honour , and by my living have lost it .
I am resolved to die , if not for what hath alreadie befalne mee , at least for what may hereafter happen unto mee . But what then ? If I dye , I shall seeme to acknowledge I have done amisse ; they will say my guilty conscience kild me .
If I live , you will beleeve I have done amisse , you will say I consented out of too much desire of life . O , of all others most unfortunate Lucretia , whose innocencie neither life nor death can justifie .
This Soule ( O Collatine ) whose delight was chastity , abhors now that body which is polluted ; and as being wholly thine , cannot endure that that part of mee should have any longer being , which can no more be only thine .
The wicked wretch did never prostrate mee ; it was not Lucretia , it was a Carkasse ; for the Soule is not where it consents not ; sinne is the off-spring of the will , not of the body ; where consent is not , there is no sin ; but I should think my selfe worthie of death , if he had only desired mee ; and blame my selfe , though without fault , for that I pleased him .
O Beauty , pernitiously coveted by our unsound mindes , you onely serve those that possesse you , that you may be desired by who possesseth you not . Fraile and fading vanitie of the body , whereby the eternall beauty of the Soule is sullied ; who is indowed with you , or sinneth with you , or causeth sin through you .
But what was it in mee that encouraged that wicked one to so great mischiefe ? perhaps my honesty , which hee thought greater than that of others . Most sacred honesty , art thou then become an inciter to lust ? and in stead of defending , offendest ? Dost thou in stead of bridling desires , egge on to fury and violence ?
His heart , where crueltie is harboured , which can kill none but the innocent , is likewise a receptacle of lust , which can covet none but the chaste : to have what they desire , is not that the Tarquins doe desire ; they find no pleasure where they use no force ; and like Lightning , rend most where they finde most resistance .
And whither can unfortunate Lucretia goe for revenge ? to the Kings family , who hath injured me ? to mine own friends , whom I have injured ? You gods of Hospitality , it is you I call upon : but to what purpose call I on you , since you have permitted it ? Revenge me , you infernal powers ; but why invoke I you , who were his assistants ?
I my selfe will revenge my selfe , and will by death take greater revenge on this mine enemie , than by living .
I will dye , not to lessen my faults , but to aggravate his ; not for that I have sinned , but to shew that shee did not subject her selfe to sense , who voluntarily deprives her selfe of sense .
I will die , that I may not live in so wretched times , which make life a shame ; and to bee borne , a mis-fortune . My fall shall ease your thoughts , make my revenge happy ; and I , who will not live an example of dishonour to women , will dye an example of fortitude to men .
This
said
,
shee
plunged
a
knife
into
her
heart
,
and
fell
downe
dead
thereon
.
The
Father
and
Husband
stood
shedding
unprofitable
tears
,
over
the
body
of
Lucretia
;
they
compassionated
that
chance
,
which
not
being
naturall
,
ought
rather
to
have
moved
anger
in
them
,
and
animated
them
to
revenge
,
than
have
incited
them
to
pittie
,
and
bedewed
them
with
their
teares
:
But
Brutus
the
punisher
of
teares
,
drawing
the
knife
from
forth
the
wound
,
wills
them
,
they
to
take
an
oath
to
drive
out
the
Tarquins
;
he
speakes
not
of
killing
them
:
Herein
his
revenge
is
not
of
large
enough
extent
,
it
reacheth
not
to
life
;
hee
will
have
them
sweare
,
not
to
suffer
any
more
in
Rome
,
any
regall
power
:
herein
it
extends
it selfe
too
farre
,
it
reacheth
to
that
forme
,
which
is
not
in
fault
.
But
Brutus
,
who
hated
more
the
Regall
power
,
than
the
Kings
faults
,
moves
rather
against
his
State
,
than
life
;
more
to
vindicate
Romes
liberty
,
than
to
revenge
Lucretia
.
All
the
Citizens
of
Collatia
take
armes
,
and
leaving
the
Gates
well
guarded
,
that
the
newes
may
not
be
brought
to
the
King
,
they
goe
to
Rome
,
where
having
assembled
the
people
,
Brutus
having
related
the
adultery
committed
by
Sextus
Tarquin
;
I
beleeve
hee
might
breake
forth
into
some
such
like
exclamation
.
WIll you still suffer this ravenous cruell lustfull Tyrant ? To what end doe you bring up your sonnes ? To what end give you education to your daughters ? To what end doe you heape up riches ? for a cruelty , which will kill them ? for a lust , which will strumpet them ? for an avarice , which will take them from you ?
If you beare with him in hopes that hee may change , 't is vanity ; if because you feare him , 't is madnesse : who shuns death , encounters with it ; and who encounters , shuns it .
A Tyrant is a monster , hee is by nature intended onely for a scourge to men : hee workes not well to the end hee was ordained to , if hee worke not ill : nor best nor worst can be safe under him . Hee equally feares and hates the good of good men , and the bad of wicked ; and where hee findes nothing neither to bee feared nor hated , he despiseth lukwarmnes .
Mongst barbarous people , where bodies governe the mind , where rationality is in habit , not in act , where to command is slavery , to obey liberty : let there be regall power ; they are people which thinke themselves free , when they are freed from the burthen of commanding .
To desire liberty and shun servitude , is naturall to very beasts ; and man seeming to be of worse condition than brute beasts , which as rationall passe by the greater delights of sense to shun subjection ; hee as irrationall , passing by the better reasons of the understanding , precipitates himselfe into servitude , as if slavery were the greatest sensuality .
The Gods have made all soules equall , all bodies of the same materialls ; and if they endowe one species with more noblenesse than another , they doe not so in individuals . Wherefore shall wee then make him greater than all , whom nature hath not made greater than any one ?
What take you him to be ? he is a man , and one who hath no more braines than other men , unlesse when hee makes use of other mens braines , who hath no more power than you , but onely in that you obey him ; shall then your owne power subject you to a braine , which is not that which governes you ?
If a Common wealth be liberty , a Kingdome is servitude ; nor is it the more to be praysed if it be voluntary ; rather he is more to bee blamed who serves out of weaknesse , than hee who serves enforst by necessity .
When time requires recourse to daring , there ought no recourse bee had to patience : patience doth well in generous breasts , to asswage necessity , and there it becomes fortitude : In all other places 't is basenesse of minde , unlesse it bee assumed when time serves , to bee laid aside when time serves .
What is 't you expect ? perhaps the old Kings death ; perhaps yee hope better in a new succession ; A good Prince is seldome followed by a better , a bad one often by a worse . Nature proceeds thus in humane things : evill of it selfe alwayes increaseth , good alwayes diminisheth . Who will make the sonnes better than the father ? Their temperature is composed of the blood of two wicked ones ; they are educated by a Tyrant , borne in a commanding Family , more proud than Tarquin , for they are likely to bee more insupportable , who brought up in good fortune , have no reason to remember or feare bad .
To say that good Princes ought to be begg'd of the gods , and to be borne withall be they what they please , is an instruction how to live , but not how to live well ; it belongs to slaves , not free men ; it hath respect rather to the retchlesnesse of subjects , than honour . When a Prince cannot be made good , he ought to bee driven out bad as he is : he is not to bee suffered , who by sufferance becomes worse .
The world is growne so corrupt , that a good Prince is not so much as to be hoped for . Wisedome makes him not bee the more esteemed , but craft ; the names of things are changed : goodnesse , is tearmed simplicity ; Tyranny , policie : and a Prince is thought so much the greater , by how much more hee hath inlarged his Empire or Authoritie ; nor are the meanes examined how hee inlarged them , he is praised onely because hee hath inlarged them .
Tarquins lust is not extinguished by Lucretias death : 't will bee more raging if it remaine unpunished . The calamities of others may be a lesson to you : 't is true , the good which is learned by what befalls ones selfe , is counterpoysed by disasters : he knowes much , to whom much hath befalne ; but who can learne by another mans harme , say hee be lesse wise , hee is for certaine more fortunate .
To conclude , bee a Prince never so good , hee ought alwayes be feared , because he is powerfull ; and 't is better to die soone , than to live long in feare .
Let your bosomes be no more exposed to the losse of blood , for the increase of that city which belongs to another ; by the gaines whereof you reape nothing but blood , and wounds ; are you not aware that you c●…nquer Nations to Tarquins tyranny ? that by bringing others into bondage , you make your owne slavery the greater ; and that like wood , you augment that flame which doth consume you ?
No longer suffer that your hands accustomed by deeds of fame to bring home glorious triumphs , wherewithall to adorne the Capitoll , be practised in sordid labour , and emptying vaults of foule uncleannesse .
Goe to , Citizens ; deceive your selves no longer through ignorance of your selves ; hence forward , know your owne strength ; loyter no longer in an enterprise , which can by nothing bee made difficult , but by loytering . Now that you have one to lead you , you will not want followers . First motions against a Tyrant are difficult ; to move is to overcome : 't is hard to finde a leader ; every one will follow , a leader being found . All mens wills are alike opposite to Tyrants , they are not alike shewne because all are not alike daring . I le be your head to drive out your king , your companion in forming of a common wealth , the first in danger , the last in happinesse .
Brutus
departs
;
and
at
the
same
time
(
but
by
another
way
)
when
he
goes
to
the
army
,
where
he
is
with
applause
received
,
Tarquin
comes
to
Rome
,
where
as
an
exilde
man
he
is
repulst
.
Tarquin
retires
towards
the
Tuscans
,
and
is
followed
by
two
of
his
sons
.
His
youngest
son
Sextus
flies
to
the
Gabins
,
where
in
stead
of
being
received
,
he
was
slaine
.
These
are
the
actions
done
by
Lucius
Tarquin
the
Proud
,
in
the
progresse
of
his
reigne
of
five
and
twentie
yeares
;
after
which
Aristocracie
was
constituted
.