POLITICALL
OBSERVATIONS
Upon
the
fall
of
SEJANVS
.
MOre
cannot
a
man
receive
,
nor
more
Fortune
give
.
If
shee
raised
not
Sejanus
to
Regalitie
,
it
was
because
shee
thought
it
a
lesse
matter
to
afford
a
head
for
Empire
,
than
to
resigne
the
head
of
Empire
over
as
a
prey
to
one
who
should
tyrannize
it
.
Here
either
weary
,
or
repentant
,
she
began
to
forsake
Sejanus
.
Health
,
Wit
,
Riches
,
Incense
,
and
Scepters
,
were
gifts
to
have
impoverished
the
giver
her selfe
,
had
shee
not
even
whilst
she
gave
them
,
with
a
covetous
hand
,
snatched
them
backe
againe
.
He
borne
at
Vulsinium
,
(
at
that
time
a
rich
Towne
of
Tuscanie
,
which
was
afterward
consumed
by
lightning
,
heaven
alwayes
aiming
to
thunder-strike
,
where
any
pretend
above
humane
condition
)
was
advanced
by
Fortune
to
Courts
,
offices
,
dignities
,
trust
of
a
Prince
,
supereminencie
over
all
,
and
lastly
to
Altars
and
Incense
.
He
had
derogated
from
the
condition
of
man
,
and
not
beene
tyrannized
,
but
the
tyrant
of
Fate
,
if
he
had
with
equalitie
of
fortune
concluded
the
beginning
of
so
ample
fortunes
.
Earthly
felicities
are
not
unlike
the
Ephimera
,
they
die
the
same
day
they
are
borne
.
Many
yeares
are
required
to
give
growth
and
height
to
a
great
tree
,
and
a
short
time
sufficeth
to
pull
it
up
.
Let
Iupiter
boast
his
thunder
bolts
,
Iuno
her
serenes
,
Thetis
her
calmes
,
but
Fortune
in
her
kingdome
hath
things
more
unstable
than
any
of
these
.
The
politicke
threads
spunne
by
Sejanus
,
to
weave
the
royall
purple
to
himselfe
at
this
time
,
are
sooner
practised
than
numbred
.
The
tragicall
story
of
his
end
,
(
become
the
fable
of
the
multitude
)
shall
now
be
rehearsed
,
rather
for
example
than
delight
.
Sejanus
is
unworthy
of
compassion
,
because
unjust
,
but
hee
notwithstanding
is
to
be
looked
on
with
an
eye
of
pitie
,
by
such
as
penetrate
the
misery
of
humane
condition
,
which
hath
nothing
certaine
,
but
the
uncertainty
of
it selfe
,
and
for
amplest
matter
of
its
losse
,
the
greatest
heape
of
its
gaines
.
He
riseth
to
purchase
either
precipices
or
thunders
from
heaven
,
who
without
sure
foundation
of
merit
,
endevoureth
to
raise
for
himselfe
that
mountaine
of
fortune
which
is
to
be
aimed
at
by
sole
vertue
,
and
guided
by
the
only
power
of
that
heaven
,
which
hath
reserved
to
it selfe
the
authority
of
giving
and
taking
away
kingdomes
.
Heaven
threatned
the
sinister
events
of
Sejanus
,
with
sinister
predictions
,
willing
thereby
(
as
it
were
)
either
to
sound
a
retreit
to
Fortune
,
or
rather
to
advise
Sejanus
how
little
he
should
confide
in
these
our
fraile
felicities
.
Ravens
observed
,
Cats
enraged
,
the
Bench
whereon
the
Court-waiters
sate
throwne
downe
,
servitors
by
misfortune
precipitated
from
the
Caudine
staires
,
were
horrid
prodigies
,
and
Portentous
presages
of
future
calamities
.
Yet
was
there
none
,
who
on
these
things
durst
make
any
evill
construction
,
because
the
present
state
considered
,
it
was
no
easie
matter
to
beleeve
an
equall
mutation
might
be
made
.
Sejanus
was
greater
than
his
betters
,
lesse
onely
than
his
owne
thoughts
,
and
the
world
conceived
that
Fortune
could
doe
nothing
more
in
him
,
or
that
there
was
no
other
Fortune
but
Sejanus
himselfe
.
Dion
writeth
,
that
such
were
the
foundations
of
this
mans
greatnesse
,
that
had
God
himselfe
foretold
his
ruine
,
he
would
scarcely
have
beene
beleeved
.
The
Citizens
so
infinitely
honoured
,
observed
,
reverenced
,
feared
,
adored
the
name
of
Sejanus
,
that
Tiberius
,
whose
eyes
imminent
perill
had
unvailed
,
began
to
be
jealous
of
himselfe
,
as
well
as
of
his
Kingdome
.
The
name
of
that
subject
is
ever
perillous
to
a
Prince
,
who
is
more
often
named
than
himselfe
.
To
ruine
so
vast
a
frame
in
an
instant
,
was
to
stand
in
danger
to
be
oppressed
:
to
suffer
the
increase
thereof
,
was
to
oppresse
ones
selfe
.
Behold
to
what
condition
this
unfortunate
Prince
is
brought
,
who
forgetting
what
hee
himselfe
is
,
wholly
resignes
himselfe
to
the
trust
of
one
man
,
who
being
raised
to
greatnesse
,
(
the
precipice
of
the
greatest
)
hath
no
other
fidelity
,
but
that
wherewith
he
is
trusted
.
Among
the
people
he
saw
himselfe
despised
,
but
which
is
more
,
hee
knew
himselfe
despicable
,
as
he
who
too
basely
had
suffered
all
his
functions
to
be
possessed
by
Sejanus
,
equally
favoured
and
suspected
.
Hee
began
to
feare
the
losse
of
that
authority
,
which
(
as
the
soule
)
guideth
,
and
governeth
all
,
and
which
as
a
huge
pile
eminenet
above
the
rest
,
falleth
not
,
but
to
ruine
the
Kingdome
.
Combated
by
a
thousand
thoughts
,
nay
mastered
by
unspeakable
feare
,
it
behoved
him
rather
to
endevour
the
meannes
how
to
recover
his
Empire
,
then
preserve
it
.
Hee
was
not
ignorant
,
that
Sejanus
ascribed
the
Empire
to
himselfe
,
the
government
of
Capreae
to
Tiberius
.
Behold
how
Fortune
had
hood-winked
this
miserable
man
,
teaching
him
to
dally
with
death
.
Tiberius
knew
it
was
neither
time
to
sleepe
,
nor
runne
.
Great
remedies
were
needfull
in
so
pregnant
suspitions
;
dissimulation
was
necessary
with
a
man
so
powerfull
,
but
first
he
must
seeke
for
safety
,
then
revenge
:
Most
times
the
true
remedy
of
treachery
,
is
,
to
seeme
not
to
know
it
.
To
understand
the
minde
of
the
one
and
other
,
Caesar
began
with
strange
art
to
plie
both
Sejanus
and
the
Senate
with
Letters
,
in
one
day
varying
a
thousand
things
concerhimselfe
;
sometimes
by
declaring
to
them
he
had
nothing
now
alive
in
him
but
infirmitie
,
he
confessed
an
impotencie
,
which
secured
Sejanus
to
lay
more
lively
colours
upon
his
designes
;
and
then
with
his
owne
hand
certifying
the
Senate
of
his
health
recovered
,
made
them
sacrifice
despite
to
modestie
.
By
which
meanes
the
one
had
a
large
field
to
negotiate
,
the
other
to
feare
.
One
while
he
praised
Sejanus
in
his
letters
,
and
yet
sometime
writing
backe
hee
blamed
him
,
magnified
other
of
his
favourites
,
and
depressed
others
:
To
conclude
,
the
whole
Court
depended
on
the
uncertainty
of
his
practises
,
which
had
nothing
regall
in
them
,
but
doublenesse
.
Sejanus
was
sometime
suddenly
puffed
up
with
fresh
favours
,
and
as
suddenly
stupified
with
these
unaccustomed
proceedings
.
Conscience
assailed
him
with
suspition
;
The
memory
of
predictions
surcharged
his
soule
with
impressions
of
horror
.
It
fell
not
into
his
thought
to
feare
,
beholding
himselfe
so
powerfull
,
yet
dared
hee
as
little
to
confide
in
his
power
,
hearing
such
novelties
.
Conscience
(
the
scourge
of
the
wicked
)
permitted
not
he
should
know
that
houre
to
become
,
wherein
he
must
either
conquer
or
die
.
He
with
all
his
might
vapoured
forth
the
smoke
of
his
greatnesse
.
He
knew
his
practises
were
not
unknowne
to
Tiberius
,
he
was
therefore
to
attempt
the
issue
with
violence
,
not
expected
,
though
doubted
:
For
great
actions
should
rather
be
speedily
executed
,
than
consulted
on
.
Death
was
the
head
of
the
way
,
flie
it
hee
could
not
,
well
might
he
ennoble
it
.
It
was
therefore
better
to
meet
it
than
expect
it
,
sell
it
than
suffer
it
.
Who
knew
,
whether
Fortune
would
not
(
as
heretofore
)
favour
sudden
Counsels
.
He
must
seale
the
conclusion
with
an
act
,
if
not
eminent
for
vertue
,
yet
memorable
for
hardiness●
,
Dangers
many
times
by
encountring
them
,
are
avoided
.
Good
Councels
from
delay
,
wicked
from
violence
take
force
.
But
who
understands
not
,
that
heaven
corrupteth
the
councels
of
him
,
to
whom
the
revolution
of
Fortune
is
destined
.
In
the
meane
time
the
multitude
(
amongst
which
nothing
is
more
easie
than
change
of
affections
)
perceiving
in
so
short
a
time
,
so
great
alteration
of
affaires
,
began
to
waver
.
They
failed
not
to
spread
rumours
of
innovation
into
the
eares
of
the
people
,
to
whom
the
power
of
Sejanus
was
either
hatefull
or
suspected
.
Each
motion
serveth
for
reason
to
just
feare
;
with
long
expectation
every
occasion
finds
favour
.
Offences
heretofore
tollerated
,
or
dissembled
,
began
to
be
unmasked
.
Woe
to
him
who
hath
fulfilled
his
felicity
.
There
wanted
not
those
who
attributed
to
Sejanus
the
blame
of
all
Tiberius
his
exorbitances
,
compassionately
deploring
the
memory
of
Caius
Sillius
,
of
Titus
Sabinus
,
and
Cremutius
Cordus
,
so
unjustly
deprived
of
life
.
He
that
governeth
another
,
walketh
on
a
rope
,
which
though
made
of
golden
threads
,
is
not
the
more
stable
,
not
understanding
how
well
to
use
the
counterpoise
of
justice
;
If
he
put
one
foot
out
of
the
right
place
,
the
ordinary
successe
is
to
remaine
hanged
.
Many
,
not
to
contradict
,
rather
than
not
to
be
silent
,
added
probability
to
truth
.
Others
hoping
change
of
fortune
,
with
alteration
of
government
,
seconded
the
beginning
of
his
ruine
,
whom
themselves
acknowledged
for
their
raiser
.
It
is
very
likely
hee
could
not
have
beene
advanced
,
without
an
infinite
number
of
men
obliged
by
his
benefits
,
and
yet
amongst
so
many
publike
invectives
,
there
was
not
any
one
that
defended
him
.
But
what
!
Small
benefits
are
easily
forgotten
;
great
,
ordinarily
surcharge
.
Some
cannot
requite
a
good
turne
,
other
know
not
how
.
Of
the
ungratefull
,
some
neglect
it
,
other
abhorre
it
.
The
world
is
come
to
that
passe
,
that
good
turnes
are
thought
dangerous
.
The
ungratefull
man
,
loth
to
repay
a
benefit
,
would
not
there
likewise
should
be
any
,
to
whom
he
may
account
himselfe
a
debtor
.
Thus
hapend
it
to
poore
Sejanus
.
The
end
of
the
obligation
,
and
of
the
obliger
was
esteemed
an
advantagious
exchange
.
Good
,
as
evill
equally
concurreth
to
the
oppression
of
that
unhappy
man
,
who
once
begins
to
be
distasted
.
All
the
motions
of
Sejanus
breathed
forth
sadnesse
.
Hee
who
heretofore
haughty
and
proud
,
accustomed
arrogantly
to
vaunt
supereminencie
,
now
wholly
mortified
,
shewed
how
much
hee
was
burdened
with
weighty
cares
.
His
eyes
reconcentred
with
his
imaginations
,
manifested
in
their
wannesse
what
anxieties
tormented
him
.
At
which
time
oppressed
with
griefe
,
or
through
distracted
thoughts
,
not
rendring
salutes
,
he
seemed
to
despise
those
who
saluted
him
,
so
that
his
proper
hurts
unhappily
conspiring
with
fortune
,
he
encreased
the
number
of
the
malevolent
,
and
lessened
the
troops
of
partiall
followers
.
Tiberius
thus
judiciously
spinning
the
web
,
honoured
both
Sejanus
and
his
sonne
with
the
dignity
of
Priesthood
,
as
it
were
advising
him
to
stand
prepared
to
sacrifice
a
victim
to
Fortune
.
To
these
honours
he
added
the
Proconsular
dignity
,
rather
to
augment
doubt
in
the
people
,
than
titles
for
Sejanus
;
yet
much
would
he
have
promised
himselfe
by
his
dexterous
wit
and
Genius
,
if
he
could
have
found
means
to
present
himselfe
before
Caesar
,
whereupon
under
pretext
to
visit
a
beloved
feminine
singer
of
his
,
afflicted
with
a
certaine
infirmitie
,
having
sought
to
come
to
Capreae
,
hee
was
suspended
by
Tiberius
,
who
would
not
admit
his
presence
,
more
for
feare
of
his
force
,
than
that
he
refused
the
shortest
and
safest
way
to
give
an
end
to
such
dangers
,
affording
accesse
for
once
,
to
bereave
him
of
it
for
ever
.
So
,
many
times
it
is
better
to
tolerate
by
dissembling
,
than
precipitate
those
councels
,
which
by
delay
are
not
wasted
,
but
fortified
.
In
infirmity
,
there
is
not
any
thing
more
mortall
,
than
unseasonable
medicines
.
His
eyes
were
darkned
with
horror
,
and
mind
with
terror
,
seeing
upon
one
side
the
occasions
of
bounty
taken
away
,
on
the
other
side
,
those
to
whom
he
had
beene
bounteous
,
now
to
pay
him
with
ingratitude
.
The
errours
committed
in
prosperous
fortune
,
threatned
him
with
adverse
.
Those
that
adhered
to
him
,
told
him
many
things
variously
related
from
the
people
,
but
almost
ever
against
him
:
Whereupon
astonished
he
lost
courage
:
But
hope
,
which
never
failes
whilst
life
lasteth
,
comforted
him
;
these
feares
were
rather
objects
of
conscience
,
than
incentives
of
prudence
.
Tiberius
by
him
unburdened
from
the
greater
toyles
of
Empire
,
secured
from
his
greatest
enemies
,
entertained
and
nousled
in
his
chiefest
delights
:
Tiberius
,
who
found
no
quiet
,
but
in
the
bosome
of
his
vigilance
,
would
not
so
soone
(
said
shee
)
precipitate
him
,
whom
hee
so
much
had
heretofore
professed
to
affect
.
The
number
of
allyes
,
obliged
friends
,
affectionare
souldiers
,
people
,
who
(
as
yet
)
adored
him
,
ministred
rather
matter
to
lessen
sorrow
,
than
feare
.
This
verily
was
the
beginning
of
the
knowledge
&
apprehension
that
Sejanus
had
of
the
instability
of
those
things
,
which
are
subject
to
Fortune
.
Here
beganne
he
discoursing
with
himselfe
,
to
derive
consequences
from
seeing
,
that
Tiberius
hitherto
an
impenetrable
hider
of
his
thoughts
,
honoured
Caius
with
Priestly
dignity
,
and
praised
him
as
one
who
should
succeed
him
.
Here
desperation
began
wholly
to
tyrannize
over
those
reasons
,
which
in
the
minde
of
Sejanus
were
fed
by
that
most
tormenting
desire
of
rule
.
The
certainty
of
the
succession
of
a
Prince
,
is
the
oppression
of
his
hopes
,
who
pretendeth
to
principalitie
.
Here
,
as
Sejanus
openly
lost
courage
,
so
fortune
partiall
to
animosity
,
began
manifestly
to
presecute
him
.
A
powerfull
enemie
of
his
(
Prefect
of
Spaine
)
was
freed
from
the
heavie
blame
of
exorbitant
offences
,
whether
they
were
reall
,
or
objected
by
Sejanus
.
The
exaltation
of
enemies
,
is
the
beginning
of
proper
depresssion
.
One
scale
of
the
ballance
goes
not
up
,
but
the
other
sinks
downe
.
Tiberius
wrote
of
the
death
of
Nero
to
the
Senate
,
and
naming
Sejanus
,
did
it
without
usuall
attributes
.
Hee
forbade
that
any
man
should
hereafter
dare
to
sacrifice
to
a
man
.
Poore
is
the
God-head
,
whose
Deity
rests
upon
an
edict
.
By
these
wayes
Tiberius
lessened
the
reputation
of
the
Favorite
with
the
people
,
which
useth
to
be
the
first
and
most
grounded
foundation
of
greatnesse
.
The
troope
of
attendants
to
wait
on
him
from
his
house
,
was
not
so
frequent
,
because
some
,
not
to
be
suspected
by
Tiberius
,
(
whose
slie
practises
were
now
discovered
)
certified
Sejanus
of
their
leaving
him
,
rather
jealous
of
their
owne
good
,
than
of
anothers
.
The
smokes
,
as
well
of
sacrifices
on
Altars
,
as
of
Pride
and
Ambition
in
the
head
of
Sejanus
,
beganne
to
decline
.
His
favorites
were
no
longer
honoured
,
and
were
they
,
it
was
rather
in
respect
of
dignity
than
person
.
Injustice
dispoyled
of
the
mantle
of
his
authority
,
walked
no
longer
thorow
Rome
,
for
Fortune
having
put
guives
upon
it
,
it
could
not
freely
stirre
up
&
downe
without
danger
.
To
these
turmoyles
,
so
much
weighty
as
they
were
new
,
crosse
omens
of
predictions
were
added
.
A
statue
of
Sejanus
smoking
,
the
head
taken
off
,
to
discover
the
cause
of
it
,
a
great
serpent
was
seene
suddenly
to
issue
forth
,
and
the
head
set
on
againe
,
there
was
a
knot
found
about
the
necke
of
it
.
A
while
after
hee
sacrificing
to
a
statue
of
Fortune
,
she
either
not
to
see
him
,
or
because
she
could
not
endure
him
,
turned
her
head
away
,
shewing
this
wretched
Courtier
how
little
he
should
confide
in
the
vanity
of
that
Fortune
,
which
knowes
not
how
to
be
stable
,
even
in
marble
.
Among
such
hatefull
prodigies
,
a
thousand
torments
vexed
the
soule
of
unhappy
Sejanus
.
Vaine
,
and
frustrate
was
now
the
thought
of
commotion
,
hee
understanding
the
aversion
of
the
people
from
his
affaires
,
and
knowing
the
Senates
love
towards
Caius
.
Great
attempts
are
atchieved
in
the
increase
,
not
diminution
of
fortune
.
We
must
not
hope
for
stability
from
this
inconstant
Lady
,
whose
favors
are
allwaies
so
much
the
more
pernitious
,
by
how
much
the
more
they
render
us
secure
and
confident
.
He
watched
whole
nights
with
his
paines
,
which
could
shew
him
nought
else
but
Chymaeras
:
He
knew
no
other
repose
,
but
that
alone
,
which
the
want
of
it
in
the
bosome
of
toylesome
wearinesse
begat
.
The
morning
aire
that
awakened
him
were
his
sighs
,
which
invited
him
to
toyle
.
He
thought
every
day
the
last
,
every
last
would
have
beene
deare
to
him
,
so
it
were
not
delayed
;
For
much
more
painfull
is
the
feare
of
death
,
than
to
die
.
(
Poore
Sejanus
)
the
heape
of
so
many
crimes
never
came
to
deserve
,
that
the
punishment
should
so
long
be
deferred
.
A
generous
affection
(
understanding
it
was
n●cessary
either
to
vanquish
evils
,
or
end
them
)
awakned
in
his
soule
a
purpose
to
withdraw
himselfe
from
danger
by
death
;
to
tell
the
world
,
Fortune
had
beene
able
to
exalt
,
not
depresse
him
.
But
the
blinde
warrioresse
,
who
would
not
bereave
herselfe
of
the
glory
to
have
ruined
him
,
in
such
his
sad
agonies
,
courted
him
with
newes
,
that
Tiberius
spake
of
conferring
the
Tribunitiall
power
upon
him
,
whereupon
afflicting
and
comforting
him
at
one
and
the
same
instant
,
she
armed
him
with
hope
,
peradventure
,
because
it
should
not
bee
thought
a
small
glory
to
her
to
have
cast
downe
a
vanquished
man
,
and
overcome
one
who
begged
mercy
.
Tiberius
nothing
ignorant
of
publike
affection
,
and
private
suspition
,
began
(
not
despairing
)
to
have
the
people
and
Senate
on
his
part
,
to
mannage
the
conclusion
of
this
affaire
,
which
carried
in
it selfe
as
much
necessity
,
as
perill
.
His
designe
was
to
levell
the
most
grounded
Fortresse
of
the
Empire
,
and
to
pluck
up
the
best
rooted
Plant
the
Earth
hath
nourished
.
The
pretorian
Cohorts
honoured
,
preferred
,
united
,
countenanced
,
fortified
,
by
him
,
depended
all
on
his
least
commands
.
The
greatest
men
,
who
governed
in
the
Empire
,
as
Prefects
,
Questors
,
Tribunes
,
Captaines
,
and
infinite
other
officers
,
all
raised
by
him
owed
their
service
,
&
estate
to
him
.
The
most
inward
and
nearest
servants
of
Tiberius
had
been
by
his
meanes
deputed
to
that
service
,
and
intimacy
.
The
principall
of
the
Nobility
,
enriched
with
the
best
places
,
either
as
his
servants
or
Allyes
,
were
tied
to
him
.
Of
the
multitude
some
were
maintained
in
his
house
,
some
were
dependant
,
some
interessed
;
so
that
many
respectively
,
and
almost
all
by
adherence
waited
on
him
.
Well
might
his
ruine
be
commanded
by
Tiberius
,
but
not
expected
.
Princes
are
the
heart
,
Subjects
the
hands
.
To
confide
was
dangerous
,
yet
necessary
.
Strangers
were
nothing
fit
for
so
great
an
affaire
,
which
required
much
knowledge
of
the
fact
,
and
persons
.
Familiars
were
to
bee
suspected
,
as
well
for
the
reasons
mentioned
before
,
as
for
that
the
most
and
best
trusted
servants
,
are
those
,
who
soonest
sell
their
master
.
Few
were
not
sufficient
for
so
great
a
businesse
,
in
many
,
secrecy
was
unsafe
.
To
do
it
in
Rome
where
Sejanus
had
the
pulse
of
his
power
,
was
to
subject
himselfe
to
sudden
commotion
of
people
,
which
is
in
prudence
,
so
much
to
be
avoided
.
To
doe
it
out
of
Rome
was
impossible
,
or
most
difficult
.
If
hee
should
call
him
to
Capreae
hee
would
not
come
,
but
upon
sure
conditions
,
bringing
along
with
him
more
perill
for
others
,
than
for
himselfe
.
Every
thing
was
dangerous
,
and
laying
private
interest
aside
,
no
other
affection
would
have
advised
it
.
In
the
end
Tiberius
excited
,
put
forward
,
and
enraged
,
peradventure
more
by
Sejanus
his
unhappinesse
,
than
out
of
his
owne
wisdome
,
called
Nervius
Sertorius
Macro
,
and
secretly
constituting
him
Captaine
of
his
Guard
,
hee
gave
him
the
mannage
of
the
whole
matter
,
advising
him
what
hee
was
to
doubt
,
what
to
avoid
,
what
to
accelerate
,
or
ponder
.
He
commanded
him
to
conferre
with
Memmius
Regulus
,
whose
fidelity
was
free
from
suspition
,
he
being
an
ancient
rivall
of
Sejanus
,
and
shewed
him
the
necessity
of
secrecy
with
the
other
Consull
,
as
being
one
of
his
enemies
faction
.
Then
,
that
he
should
ensnare
,
and
assault
mindes
with
a
thousand
sorts
of
hopes
,
and
feares
,
awaking
the
anger
of
the
offended
,
the
hatred
of
the
reconciled
,
that
hee
should
fight
with
gold
,
promise
dignities
,
remove
souldiers
,
secure
the
armie
from
tumults
,
and
finally
the
matter
not
succeeding
well
,
at
the
first
stirres
which
should
oppose
their
designes
,
he
should
introduce
Drusus
into
the
Senate
for
Emperour
,
by
him
so
declared
and
pronounced
.
Macro
departing
with
these
instructions
,
Tiberius
,
to
whom
amongst
so
many
vices
pusillanimity
was
not
wanting
;
not
trusting
to
the
number
of
his
people
,
to
the
situation
,
and
straightnesse
of
that
Iland
,
easie
to
bee
defended
for
a
first
assault
by
the
souldiers
of
his
guard
,
nothing
maintaining
the
majesty
of
his
place
,
but
having
prepared
many
ships
,
timerously
stood
expecting
opportunity
of
escape
from
the
first
notice
,
that
Sejanus
foreknowing
his
designes
might
not
prevent
and
oppresse
him
.
A
bad
Conscience
is
the
Mother
of
Feare
,
Feare
the
Father
of
those
ignoble
acts
,
whose
indignity
is
the
Tombe
of
R●putation
.
These
were
the
afflictions
of
Tiberius
,
the
perills
of
Sejanus
,
the
endevors
of
Macro
,
who
with
Tiberius
his
letters
entring
full
of
cares
by
night
into
Rome
,
began
the
designed
practise
with
Memmius
Regulus
,
and
Gracilius
Laco
.
The
next
day
the
morning
being
come
,
to
shew
the
last
Sunne
to
Sejanus
,
whilst
the
Senate
sate
in
the
Temple
of
Apollo
,
Macro
en●ring
in●o
the
Pallace
met
Seianus
,
whose
soule
,
(
which
felt
the
stroke
of
Fate
at
hand
)
sad
,
that
Tiberius
had
not
written
to
him
,
presaged
evill
events
.
He
was
comforted
by
Macro's
whispering
in
his
eare
,
that
he
had
brought
him
the
Tribunitiall
dignity
;
wherat
joyfull
,
he
entred
into
the
Senate
house
,
by
his
friends
(
amongst
whom
this
word
quickly
ran
)
honoured
,
reverenced
,
saluted
,
as
much
as
by
the
malevolent
he
was
feared
and
flattered
.
Behold
how
poore
mortalls
are
taken
in
a
snare
by
Fortune
,
unhappy
he
,
who
trusteth
her
;
but
more
unhappy
,
who
to
her
commits
those
treasures
that
are
enriched
with
nought
else
,
but
others
wants
.
Sejanus
,
could
neither
enter
,
nor
bee
received
into
the
Senate
with
greater
applause
.
Suspitions
,
doubts
passed
,
were
ridiculous
entertainements
of
present
alacrity
,
as
if
it
were
humane
Condition
,
that
a
little
sweet
should
be
repayed
with
much
acerbity
.
Those
enemies
who
most
hated
him
,
doubtfull
least
they
might
be
discovered
,
treated
amongst
themselves
,
with
a
soft
murmur
,
(
but
which
they
notwithstanding
desired
might
be
heard
)
to
conferre
some
new
honor
upon
him
,
cloking
their
malignity
,
with
seeming
courteous
;
secretly
negotiating
it
,
as
if
they
did
it
not
for
ostentation
;
but
love
.
So
many
times
dissimulation
useth
to
walke
shamefast
,
and
reserved
,
not
to
hide
her selfe
,
but
that
the
novelty
of
habit
may
bee
of
force
to
turne
the
eyes
of
such
as
are
present
,
upon
her
.
Macro
having
published
the
authority
received
from
Tiberius
,
removed
from
about
the
Senate
and
Sejanus
,
those
praetorian
soldiers
which
were
for
a
guard
,
and
shewing
certaine
letters
,
in
which
Tiberius
expressed
hee
would
reward
them
,
leaving
here
a
good
number
of
souldiers
of
Cesar's
guard
faithfull
by
ancient
service
,
&
encouraged
with
greater
hopes
,
he
led
the
Praetorians
to
their
stations
,
that
no
innovation
might
bee
made
.
In
the
mean
time
Tiberius
his
letter
was
read
,
brought
by
him
to
the
Senate
,
which
verily
was
long
,
as
being
stuffed
with
a
thousand
cunning
policies
.
In
the
beginning
it
contained
diversity
of
affaires
,
afterward
with
a
short
complaint
of
Sejanus
as
with
a
slight
inquisition
,
he
prepared
minds
to
greater
matters
.
Then
passing
to
other
affaires
,
he
in
a
while
returned
to
complain
of
hi●
and
commanding
that
two
Senators
,
the
most
intimate
with
Sejanus
,
should
be
punished
,
ordained
in
the
manner
of
an
entreaty
,
grounded
&
necessitated
upon
suspitions
,
and
State-rules
,
that
Sejanus
himselfe
should
be
undercustody
.
Requiring
that
one
of
the
Consuls
should
be
assigned
to
wait
on
himself
,
that
he
might
come
to
Rome
in
safety
.
Let
him
measure
and
argue
upon
the
endevour
of
this
letter
,
who
from
the
things
said
before
,
understandeth
the
suspition
of
Tiberius
.
Let
that
poore
Courtier
penetrate
the
sudden
effect
of
it
,
who
knoweth
how
headlong
Fortune
is
to
throw
one
downe
from
greatnesse
.
The
descent
from
height
,
hath
no
lesser
steps
then
a
leap
.
Most
times
no
distinction
may
be
made
betweene
the
supremest
,
and
lowest
fortune
.
It
is
impossible
that
the
penne
should
abstaine
from
flattering
the
eyes
,
whilst
it
bewailes
humane
infelicity
on
these
papers
.
No
sooner
was
the
Letter
read
,
but
those
Senators
hastily
rose
up
,
who
most
faithfull
,
most
deare
sate
about
Sejanus
,
detesting
him
,
whom
hitherto
they
had
soothed
,
served
,
and
adored
.
When
Fortune
departs
,
shee
carries
friends
away
with
her
.
They
,
who
once
were
of
his
faction
,
strove
to
be
the
first
to
forsake
him
,
boasting
to
be
the
formost
in
seconding
the
will
of
Caesar
.
Out
alas
,
that
friends
fly
the
place
,
where
they
are
tryed
.
Profit
and
delight
are
those
interests
,
which
gaine
love
:
Friendship
is
that
sonne
,
who
is
allwaies
buried
with
his
Father
.
By
that
which
his
dearest
friends
did
,
may
be
argued
what
his
enemies
endevoured
.
They
emulously
rose
up
to
accuse
,
calumniate
,
reproach
him
,
and
all
the
exorbitant
excesses
,
not
onely
of
Tiberius
,
but
of
the
most
abject
creatures
(
unknowne
to
Sejanus
)
were
ascribed
to
him
.
There
was
not
any
,
who
was
silent
in
his
cause
,
and
if
there
were
,
it
was
either
to
give
time
,
that
the
multitude
of
accusations
might
not
be
lost
,
or
to
recommend
themselves
to
the
goddesse
Memory
,
to
suggest
new
causes
of
complaints
.
The
Pretors
,
and
Tribunes
encompassed
him
round
about
,
doubtful
,
least
he
might
get
out
to
stir
the
people
to
commotion
:
A
wary
diligence
,
but
needles
,
because
feare
(
the
sergeant
that
waitson
conscience
)
had
before
any
other
tied
up
his
senses
in
such
knots
of
dejection
,
that
I
suppose
lesser
were
not
necessary
to
hold
a
proud
soule
from
abandoning
manhood
in
so
sudden
a
change
.
Who
will
vaunt
himself
of
those
greatnesses
which
as
they
may
be
acquired
,
may
consequently
be
lost
.
Regulus
,
and
Laco
dragged
him
as
guilty
out
of
the
Senate
,
at
whose
feet
justice
,
and
fortune
had
so
long
lyen
prostrate
.
The
people
,
lovers
of
novelties
,
ran
together
crying
out
a
loud
,
&
cursing
Sejanus
,
to
whose
house
(
calling
him
the
companion
of
Caesar
)
they
but
halfe
an
hower
before
hastened
to
wait
on
him
.
The
souldiers
,
who
heretofore
used
to
glory
in
his
service
,
bosted
themselves
&
grew
proud
at
his
captivity
.
They
who
before
had
adored
him
for
a
god
,
&
honored
him
as
a
priest
,
haled
him
as
a
victim
to
sacrifice
.
And
so
grievous
,
and
certaine
was
the
ignominy
imminent
over
the
present
perill
,
that
it
was
rashnes
to
envie
one
of
those
Oxen
,
which
were
sacrificed
to
him
in
the
former
flourish
of
Fortune
.
Oh
how
little
is
the
affection
of
the
people
to
be
trusted
,
who
so
easily
adore
and
murther
men
,
that
they
cannot
learne
to
pardon
their
owne
gods
,
not
reverenced
for
the
power
of
their
thunderbolts
;
but
made
,
and
deified
by
their
proper
hands
.
The
name
of
the
unfortunate
Sejanus
,
was
not
onely
the
sport
of
fortune
,
but
of
the
people
likewise
;
the
soules
by
him
deprived
the
benefit
of
this
pretious
light
ranne
up
and
down
,
with
a
thousand
whippes
to
excite
,
and
enrage
as
well
his
owne
Conscience
,
as
the
multitude
,
against
him
.
Every
one
agreed
to
mocke
him
for
those
his
elevated
thoughts
,
which
were
to
sinke
at
the
foot
of
the
Gemonian
stayres
.
His
statues
were
the
Center
of
Speares
and
Swords
.
Let
not
the
Load-stone
boast
to
attract
Iron
with
greater
force
,
then
did
the
marbles
inscribed
with
the
name
of
Sejanus
.
This
is
that
memorable
day
,
wherein
the
impious
barbarisme
of
the
people
taught
him
to
die
,
who
had
never
lived
.
Brazen
modells
were
no
longer
melted
with
fire
,
but
with
wounds
,
for
in
the
forge
of
Rome
no
other
fewell
burnt
,
but
of
indignation
,
nor
any
other
bellowes
were
blowne
,
but
of
Anger
.
For
no
other
cause
had
fortune
raysed
so
many
statues
to
him
,
but
to
multiply
an
infinity
of
Sejanns'es
which
should
at
this
instant
be
the
miserable
prey
of
a
thousand
torments
,
as
though
Sejanus
were
not
capable
enough
of
so
many
punishments
,
who
only
sufficed
to
commit
so
many
crimes
.
There
was
not
any
one
who
sought
not
to
get
some
relique
of
him
,
to
preserve
it
as
the
miracle
of
Fortune
.
Exorbitancies
of
cruelty
reflecting
from
the
eye
to
the
minde
,
afflicted
the
poore
Sejanus
;
his
soule
oppressed
with
so
insupportable
accidents
,
languished
,
for
the
griefe
of
dying
,
yet
would
death
have
been
the
last
of
all
evils
,
had
it
not
drawne
along
with
it
so
much
ignominy
.
For
finally
to
go
out
of
life
is
necessary
,
but
to
be
driven
from
it
is
shamefull
.
What
may
wee
beleeve
,
was
the
passage
of
this
unhappy
man
from
the
Senate
to
the
prison
?
He
endevoured
to
cover
his
head
,
to
desend
himselfe
,
I
know
not
whether
from
shame
or
injury
,
but
as
he
could
not
hide
himselfe
from
his
owne
conscience
,
so
they
discoverd
him
to
the
eyes
of
others
.
Fortune
scorned
to
triumph
over
a
man
masked
,
and
heaven
thought
it
not
a
punishment
equall
for
demerit
,
to
hide
him
from
those
who
had
bin
spectators
of
his
crimes
,
and
were
the
remainders
of
his
fury
.
They
all
cryed
out
,
stormed
,
and
exclaimed
to
have
him
killed
;
that
he
should
be
precipitated
,
who
was
the
death
and
ruine
of
the
Empire
.
The
weakest
cowards
learnt
courage
,
from
the
example
of
the
strongest
,
the
strongest
envied
the
horror
of
the
weakest
,
finding
themselves
unable
to
maintaine
that
fury
,
which
stirred
them
up
to
revenge
.
The
brest
of
Sejanus
would
have
been
the
sepulcher
of
a
thousand
swords
,
nor
would
the
souldiers
who
environed
him
have
sufficed
to
preserve
him
,
had
it
not
bin
for
fortune
,
who
was
desirous
also
to
enjoy
this
last
delight
,
to
see
a
Hangman
envied
by
a
hundred
Senators
;
every
step
was
a
death
,
every
death
was
so
much
the
more
grievous
,
as
it
had
the
more
of
life
.
The
passage
of
dying
is
a
moment
;
and
that
which
is
dispatched
in
a
moment
,
is
no
great
evill
;
but
this
was
so
much
the
greater
an
evill
,
by
how
much
the
more
they
delayd
him
that
death
,
which
might
take
him
from
the
ignominy
which
the
eies
saw
,
and
from
the
torments
which
sense
feared
.
Being
come
to
the
prison
,
either
the
frozen
heart
denied
passage
to
the
soule
,
or
else
the
soule
oppressed
with
so
many
objects
,
of
stupifying
paine
,
found
not
out
the
way
to
liberty
,
otherwise
,
if
we
thinke
how
little
experienced
,
he
was
of
sinister
fortune
,
or
if
we
weigh
the
sorrow
of
losse
,
by
the
value
,
by
the
horror
of
death
,
and
by
the
feare
of
conscience
,
it
had
beene
impossible
hee
should
have
lived
a
moment
.
Let
him
not
compassionate
the
misery
of
this
wretched
Courtier
,
who
is
not
exposed
to
misfortune
:
And
who
knoweth
not
,
that
the
most
wretched
manner
of
unhappinesse
,
is
,
to
have
once
bin
happy
.
If
he
deserve
not
pity
as
Sejanus
,
he
deserves
it
as
a
man
become
miserable
.
Every
occasion
should
serve
the
just
man
to
exercise
his
vertue
.
Courtefie
,
benefits
,
and
clemencie
,
are
the
three
means
wherewith
he
who
governeth
,
ought
to
oblige
the
minds
and
affections
of
the
people
,
without
which
,
Empire
is
nought
else
but
a
perillous
servitude
.
It
is
true
,
that
discretion
ought
to
be
the
distributresse
of
these
treasures
;
That
overmuch
curtesie
begets
contempt
;
That
benefits
rather
scattered
,
than
placed
oblige
not
,
and
indulgence
not
limited
is
a
security
in
sinning
,
it
being
ordinarily
the
condition
of
men
not
to
know
how
to
beare
all
slavery
,
nor
all
liberty
.
The
neglect
of
these
bounds
,
not
knowne
or
not
observed
,
afflicted
the
poore
Sejanus
,
the
infelicity
of
whose
pollicy
had
found
more
greatnesse
,
than
safety
.
Never
was
that
power
either
stable
,
or
lasting
,
which
was
gained
by
wickednesse
.
An
Idaea
cannot
be
framed
in
the
minde
of
any
mortall
man
of
a
more
exact
states-man
,
then
that
,
which
then
in
a
Chymaera
presented
it selfe
to
the
minde
of
Sejanus
,
made
wise
by
the
unhappinesse
of
his
fortune
.
He
abhorred
his
former
pride
;
it
vexed
him
hee
had
set
himselfe
as
the
scope
of
Envy
.
The
Ostentation
of
Tiberius
his
favor
,
the
violence
of
emulators
,
his
having
arrogated
to
himselfe
Empire
over
that
world
that
now
refused
to
support
him
,
were
such
punishments
,
as
they
were
not
onely
preambles
,
but
lively
touches
of
the
Torments
of
hell
,
affording
no
space
either
for
hope
or
amendment
.
Now
(
although
late
)
hee
saw
how
dangerous
it
was
to
play
with
the
Lion
,
who
concludeth
his
daliances
with
his
pawes
.
Affections
so
long
felt
,
or
to
say
better
,
suffered
,
made
themselves
understood
to
be
lyers
.
They
a
little
before
had
the
face
of
hopes
,
and
now
were
knowne
to
be
dotages
.
But
what
knew
he
not
?
Vnhappinesse
taught
the
miserable
man
,
that
which
prudence
hath
written
in
her
books
:
not
at
this
time
to
make
h●m
cautious
,
but
rather
so
much
the
more
sad
.
From
matters
whence
felicity
drawes
good
,
misery
derives
evill
,
nor
can
a
greater
mischiefe
afflict
a
miserable
man
,
than
to
be
reduced
to
that
point
,
that
even
prudence
it selfe
concurreth
to
render
him
unhappy
.
In
the
meane
space
the
Senate
seeing
none
of
the
innovations
,
then
feared
either
from
the
souldiers
,
who
with
hopes
had
beene
brought
by
Macro
to
the
Legions
,
or
from
the
people
that
followed
his
misery
,
to
whose
Fortune
they
had
tied
themselves
by
an
inviolable
oath
,
assembling
together
in
the
Temple
of
Concord
,
that
they
might
not
be
reduced
to
such
straights
,
as
to
desire
that
which
now
the
people
expected
from
them
,
they
condemned
the
miserable
Sejanus
to
punishment
.
Ah
poore
condition
of
man
,
Beares
,
and
Lyons
are
fed
for
Gladiators
,
and
men
are
fatned
for
the
sithe
of
death
.
Tiberius
,
durst
not
command
the
death
of
Sejanus
,
and
his
servants
durst
execute
it
.
The
people
stormed
at
retardation
,
finding
more
punishment
in
delay
,
then
the
delinquent
was
to
feele
in
the
execution
.
Every
thing
submits
to
fortune
,
which
never
embraceth
man
,
but
to
strangle
him
.
One
sole
hower
sufficed
to
accuse
,
arraigne
,
condemne
,
and
execute
a
monarch
so
much
greater
than
others
,
by
how
much
they
had
commanded
over
an
Empire
,
he
over
the
Emperour
.
Among
so
many
his
allyes
,
friends
,
soldiers
,
followers
,
dependents
,
ministers
,
there
was
not
one
stirred
a
foot
for
him
,
nay
,
there
was
not
one
who
stirred
not
against
him
.
Every
one
runnes
for
wood
to
the
tree
,
which
the
winde
or
hatchet
hath
layd
along
.
At
this
time
there
could
bee
no
greater
offence
,
nor
perill
,
then
fidelity
;
He
was
a
true
servant
,
who
most
speedily
hastned
the
death
of
his
Master
,
to
free
him
from
those
miseries
,
which
were
not
to
moove
mercie
in
any
other
Deity
,
then
death
.
Concord
was
ashamed
to
bee
at
ods
with
Fortune
,
and
lent
her
,
her
owne
Temple
to
be
a
Theater
,
where
the
Sentence
of
this
mans
death
should
bee
pronounced
,
and
consequently
the
monitory
of
humane
infelicity
.
Betweene
the
condemnation
,
and
execution
,
nothing
interposed
,
but
the
distance
,
which
was
betwixt
the
prison
,
and
those
staires
,
from
whence
the
condemned
must
dismount
in
a
leap
,
from
supremest
exaltation
,
to
the
lowest
misery
.
He
was
taken
from
prison
with
such
fury
,
that
we
may
rather
say
hee
flew
thence
.
They
dragged
him
to
the
precipice
,
and
threw
him
headlong
from
the
top
.
Let
him
imagine
the
manner
,
who
hath
the
heart
to
thinke
of
it
.
No
injury
,
or
possible
cruelty
was
omitted
to
be
used
,
nay
rather
,
that
was
made
possible
,
which
was
not
;
for
to
see
the
ally
,
the
obliged
,
the
servant
,
the
friend
to
lead
triumphantly
to
death
,
his
greater
,
his
benefactor
,
his
Lord
,
is
a
spectacle
more
true
than
likely
.
They
that
were
nearest
were
ambitious
to
have
the
opportunity
to
abuse
him
,
the
most
distant
followed
him
,
sorry
they
could
not
have
a
hand
in
this
action
.
Some
cursed
him
,
some
upbraided
him
with
his
acts
,
and
both
the
one
and
the
other
shewed
him
his
punishment
,
to
increase
the
sorrow
with
the
terror
,
and
augment
the
manner
,
although
not
the
numbers
of
his
death
.
Oh
people
,
alike
cruell
in
punishing
,
and
in
having
so
long
deferred
the
chastisement
.
Behold
to
what
this
man
is
reduced
,
whose
favour
men
no
longer
desired
,
to
whom
starres
afforded
no
gratious
influences
,
nor
Fortune
gave
blessings
.
That
man
,
with
whose
revenges
hell
was
increased
,
and
to
whose
statues
the
gods
envied
the
best
sacrifices
.
Oh
how
much
more
secure
is
the
povertie
of
Irus
,
than
the
riches
of
Cressus
.
That
Engine
,
which
more
than
other
is
raised
toward
Heaven
,
more
than
the
rest
approacheth
thunders
.
Let
him
avoid
the
ascent
,
who
feares
the
precicipice
.
He
that
will
enjoy
the
Court
,
let
him
not
pretend
to
greatnesse
with
a
Prince
.
He
,
who
would
know
what
greatnesse
with
a
Prince
is
,
let
him
make
his
last
Will
,
for
it
is
nought
else
but
sudden
ruine
.
These
are
Aphorismes
subscribed
by
a
caytive
,
whose
body
could
never
finde
repose
,
not
so
much
as
in
the
bosome
of
death
.
The
earth
denied
buriall
to
the
corps
of
him
who
had
filled
so
many
Sepulchers
with
his
crueltie
.
Friends
defrauded
it
of
that
sepulture
,
to
which
for
the
sakes
of
the
living
,
rather
than
of
the
dead
,
enemies
themselves
use
to
be
courteous
.
Poore
Sejanus
,
for
an
eternall
refuge
,
found
not
two
yards
of
that
land
,
whose
vast
Continent
he
had
both
commanded
and
governed
.
Scarcely
arrived
he
to
the
end
of
the
last
leape
,
rent
,
torne
,
and
dismembred
,
but
that
the
people
for
three
whole
dayes
dragged
him
thorowout
Rome
,
bathing
the
stones
with
his
bloud
,
who
had
stained
them
with
the
bloud
of
poore
Citizens
.
After
this
,
they
on
the
fourth
day
threw
him
into
the
River
,
either
that
he
should
not
returne
to
infect
Rome
,
or
that
Tiber
might
begin
to
be
more
fertile
in
monsters
than
the
Sea
.
Behold
the
continued
course
of
Fate
,
water
was
ever
the
Supulcher
of
Icarus'es
and
Phaetons
.
Fortune
permitted
not
it
should
come
into
the
peoples
minds
,
to
waste
the
remainders
of
this
miserable
carkasse
with
fire
,
because
having
exposed
it
to
the
cruelty
of
men
,
shee
would
likewise
reserve
it
to
the
shames
of
nature
,
to
exercise
its
corruptions
upon
him
.
He
,
who
had
beene
fed
with
the
bloud
and
wealth
of
poore
Citizens
,
was
reserved
to
feed
fishes
in
the
water
,
wormes
in
the
earth
,
and
birds
in
the
ayre
.
Oh
never
enough
adored
divine
Providence
!
The
funerals
celebrated
for
this
unhappy
creature
,
ought
rather
to
be
abbreviated
,
than
enlarged
for
writing
them
,
there
is
not
any
one
will
beleeve
them
,
and
to
credit
them
is
hardly
in
man
,
for
the
impiety
thereof
surpassed
the
inhumanity
of
man
.
The
Orators
were
curses
and
reproaches
.
The
sacrificers
,
cruelty
and
fury
.
The
children
and
friends
of
Sejanus
were
the
victims
.
The
houses
of
the
dead
were
purged
from
crimes
with
fire
;
The
fires
were
quenched
with
the
bloud
of
his
faction
.
The
diversity
of
times
made
it
equally
dangerous
to
have
offended
,
and
to
have
loved
Sejanus
.
There
is
not
any
sacrifice
of
a
worse
condition
,
then
that
of
envie
.
Mercy
appeared
not
in
the
Palace
that
day
,
for
innocencie
was
a
crime
,
and
he
was
not
without
crime
,
who
became
not
an
enemie
to
Sejanus
.
Behold
how
unsound
is
the
friendship
of
an
unjust
Favorite
.
There
burnt
nothing
of
pity
to
the
soule
of
that
unhappy
man
,
but
some
fire
of
revenge
,
since
under
the
title
of
Sejanus
his
friends
,
private
enemies
were
pursued
.
In
popular
commotion
,
it
is
alwayes
the
surest
way
to
retire
.
The
Praetorian
souldiers
mutined
,
that
the
night-guards
were
preferred
before
them
in
matter
of
fidelity
.
Many
Citizens
were
accused
and
condemned
for
his
friendship
,
some
of
which
(
Marcus
Terentius
excepted
,
whom
Courage
,
Iustice
,
and
Fortune
assisted
)
unfortunately
stood
upon
their
defence
,
which
nought
availed
them
,
unlesse
it
were
to
give
time
,
that
the
other
Complices
might
be
throwne
headlong
from
the
Capitoll
;
and
because
one
kinde
of
death
could
not
serve
so
great
a
number
of
proscribed
,
many
slew
themselves
.
Tiberius
not
confiscating
the
goods
of
him
who
prevented
the
Hangman
(
to
avoid
the
imputation
of
cruelty
,
which
others
executed
)
barbarously
enforced
men
,
who
were
desirous
to
leave
rich
heires
,
to
kill
themselves
.
Behold
death
reduced
to
be
the
utmost
,
not
of
things
terrible
,
but
of
mens
goods
;
wherein
so
much
was
gained
in
an
instant
,
as
was
possessed
through
the
whole
course
of
life
.
See
how
true
it
is
,
that
among
mortall
things
there
is
not
any
more
fading
,
than
that
power
,
which
hath
not
support
from
it selfe
.
Thus
was
the
whole
day
spent
in
wickednesses
,
the
last
of
which
was
the
generall
joy
that
was
made
.
This
was
a
day
dedicated
to
cruelty
,
in
which
the
miserable
Sejanus
saw
,
nay
felt
the
setting
of
his
greatnesse
,
to
bee
the
chastisement
of
his
crimes
.
Vnhappy
he
who
confides
in
his
own
greatnesse
.
Poore
is
that
power
which
rests
in
the
brest
of
one
man
.
Vnfortunate
is
that
man
who
dependeth
on
another
.
Let
the
Courtier
learne
true
politike
arts
,
from
the
History
of
this
wretched
forlorne
creature
.
Happy
he
,
who
studieth
prudence
on
anothers
bookes
.
Let
the
Favorite
of
a
Prince
flie
violence
,
as
a
thing
which
cannot
continue
.
Let
him
flie
Envie
,
against
which
none
can
long
persist
.
Let
him
not
raise
his
greatnesse
on
terrour
and
cruelty
,
for
they
afford
a
great
man
more
feare
than
power
,
more
perill
than
safety
.
Let
him
rule
with
a
slacke
hand
,
who
would
be
loved
;
but
yet
with
that
temper
,
without
which
vertue
concludes
in
vice
.
Terror
and
feare
are
too
weake
bands
to
tie
minds
;
when
once
they
are
loose
,
who
leave
to
feare
thee
,
they
will
begin
to
hate
thee
.
Flie
ostentation
,
as
the
mother
of
Envie
,
as
the
daughter
of
Vanity
.
He
who
cannot
in
himselfe
containe
the
favour
of
his
Lord
,
shewes
himselfe
to
be
incapable
,
and
consequently
undeserving
.
Let
him
suffer
himselfe
to
be
honoured
,
as
enforced
,
not
as
pretending
it
,
ascribing
honours
to
his
office
,
not
to
merit
.
Let
him
carry
himselfe
towards
a
Prince
with
reverence
,
and
this
is
a
flattery
without
vice
.
These
are
the
Brokers
of
favour
,
because
the
common
defects
of
great
ones
is
pride
,
as
those
who
measure
themselves
by
their
fortune
,
not
by
their
merit
.
Let
him
esteeme
the
favour
of
a
Prince
,
as
a
thing
which
may
be
lost
.
Let
him
not
run
to
honours
,
but
expect
them
,
not
as
one
who
seekes
them
,
but
deserves
them
;
not
as
a
necessary
servant
,
but
as
a
good
.
Of
every
thing
that
succeeds
well
with
him
,
acknowledging
none
from
proper
prudence
,
let
him
ascribe
all
to
the
vertue
,
to
merit
,
to
the
fortune
of
the
Prince
.
Let
him
not
labour
for
vanity
,
but
justice
,
for
merit
consisteth
not
in
well
dissembling
,
but
well
doing
.
Very
ill
can
vice
cloke
it selfe
with
the
habits
of
vertue
,
neither
doth
the
Asse
dance
to
the
Harpe
,
nor
the
Lyon's
skinne
teach
us
to
rore
.
Let
him
not
abuse
the
favour
of
his
Patron
,
which
would
bee
either
to
despise
it
,
or
not
to
know
it
.
Let
him
acknowledge
it
,
as
a
gift
,
not
as
a
reward
:
so
doing
,
other
will
endevour
to
deserve
it
that
they
may
obtaine
it
,
and
hee
will
likewise
deserve
it
,
whilst
hee
obtaines
it
.
In
the
affaires
of
a
Prince
let
him
use
diligence
,
sollicitude
,
and
counsell
;
In
Counsells
,
sincerity
,
and
secrecie
.
No
lesse
is
secrecie
necessary
,
than
good
counsell
.
Let
him
not
bee
perpetually
by
his
Lords
side
for
profit
,
and
riches
.
With
many
to
have
heaped
riches
,
hath
not
been
the
end
of
evills
,
but
the
mutation
.
When
the
Prince
hath
given
all
,
and
the
Favorite
can
desire
no
more
,
they
quickly
grow
weary
one
of
another
.
Let
him
rather
beg
modestly
,
than
importunately
.
Let
him
rest
satisfied
with
conveniency
,
and
not
pretend
to
over-much
;
for
hee
knowes
not
how
to
beginne
to
enjoy
,
who
cannot
tell
where
to
make
an
end
of
having
.
Vomiting
is
the
Physician
of
Repletion
.
Let
the
Favourite
bee
content
with
what
hee
may
have
,
for
when
the
Prince
hath
given
all
hee
hath
,
to
take
it
backe
againe
,
it
is
necessary
hee
should
resume
that
which
hee
before
gave
,
and
because
to
resume
is
shamefull
,
many
times
hee
is
taken
out
of
his
sight
,
who
makes
him
ashamed
.
Let
Papinian
,
Let
Seneca
speake
,
for
whom
it
was
a
thing
impossible
to
avoid
riches
,
because
they
showred
upon
them
;
It
was
not
lawfull
to
refuse
them
,
for
they
were
the
gifts
of
a
Prince
.
What
Felicity
then
is
this
,
where
hee
who
hath
it
,
feares
,
who
would
have
it
,
is
unsafe
,
and
who
would
refuse
it
,
cannot
?
Let
him
professe
himselfe
to
be
lesse
with
his
equalls
,
To
be
courteous
,
and
affable
:
for
they
who
are
such
,
have
had
of
their
enemies
greater
friends
,
than
the
other
of
their
Citizens
.
Sometimes
let
him
participate
the
favors
of
his
lord
with
them
,
not
as
a
man
who
gives
them
,
but
begs
them
.
To
goe
about
to
give
them
,
is
a
profession
of
superiority
;
a
matter
odious
among
equals
:
Proud
favours
reape
contempt
,
&
ingratitude
in
stead
of
thanks
.
In
the
mannage
of
State-affaires
,
where
secrecie
is
not
enjoyned
,
let
him
communicate
with
them
,
as
well
to
avoid
the
note
of
one
who
arrogateth
all
to
his
owne
authority
,
as
to
erre
,
rather
with
the
opinion
of
many
,
than
by
himselfe
alone
.
The
successe
of
an
affaire
provideth
protectors
for
him
,
who
consulteth
it
with
others
.
To
aske
counsell
,
is
to
honour
him
of
whom
it
is
required
,
yet
is
not
liberty
taken
away
from
a
man
to
doe
as
he
pleaseth
.
It
is
true
,
the
quality
of
the
person
is
to
bee
observed
.
For
to
aske
counsell
of
ones
better
,
is
to
bee
tied
to
performance
.
In
a
businesse
whereon
thou
hast
consulted
,
good
successe
will
be
thy
glory
,
evill
thy
excuse
,
having
followed
the
advice
of
others
.
Professe
equality
with
inferiours
,
not
of
manners
,
that
it
become
not
basenesse
,
but
of
pretentions
.
In
commands
be
discreet
,
for
be
who
,
seldome
or
never
commands
,
is
alwayes
obeyed
.
Let
the
manner
of
commanding
bee
by
way
of
intreaty
,
for
although
his
intreaty
who
hath
authority
to
command
containe
violence
,
let
him
notwithstanding
doe
it
,
for
he
shall
be
obeyed
with
promptnesse
,
which
he
may
make
use
of
for
good
manners
,
not
obligation
.
Let
him
be
milde
,
that
too
much
severity
keepe
not
inferiours
so
distant
that
he
cannot
afterward
employ
them
in
his
need
.
Let
him
be
liberall
in
words
,
for
the
gifts
of
poore
Princes
are
favours
,
which
cost
nothing
.
Let
him
be
free
of
his
deeds
,
if
he
be
able
,
for
a
benefit
is
the
father
of
a
benefit
,
and
love
is
a
fortresse
to
defend
greatnesse
.
Let
him
use
a
lenitive
with
detractors
of
his
honour
,
and
the
malevolent
to
his
person
.
Let
his
scope
be
the
end
of
the
ill
will
,
not
of
the
ill
willer
.
Exercising
power
against
him
,
no
place
will
remaine
to
exercise
vertue
.
There
is
no
enemie
whom
benefits
will
not
gaine
.
Thou
maist
have
great
hopes
of
his
friendship
,
whose
enmity
hath
found
thee
doing
favours
.
To
kill
a
competitor
in
State-affaires
,
is
too
full
of
danger
.
Suddenly
the
Prince
beginneth
to
suspect
an
excesse
of
imaginations
in
thy
mind
.
Little
can
the
head
confide
in
him
,
who
hath
not
borne
respect
to
its
members
.
The
people
begin
to
feare
,
and
hate
thy
greatnesse
;
and
for
that
vertue
borders
neare
upon
vice
,
thy
solicitous
care
is
judged
interest
,
reverence
,
adulation
,
and
justice
,
severity
:
Besides
,
power
grounded
upon
mischiefe
,
was
never
long
.
Let
him
flie
affaires
odious
to
the
people
,
for
there
is
no
force
against
hatred
,
which
can
availe
:
If
he
cannot
decline
them
,
let
him
shew
himselfe
to
bee
the
servant
,
not
the
superiour
,
a
disswader
,
not
a
counsellour
.
Let
him
be
the
first
to
stand
exposed
to
hurt
.
Let
him
execute
his
office
with
charity
,
not
predominancie
.
Let
him
give
time
,
expect
time
,
comfort
,
encourage
,
assist
;
for
promptnesse
overcommeth
every
difficulty
,
and
the
glory
will
not
be
unworthy
the
danger
.
Let
him
remember
,
that
the
life
of
great
men
is
nought
else
but
a
perpetuall
censure
,
and
where
censure
is
in
continuall
use
,
greatnesse
is
not
lasting
.
Finally
,
let
him
be
that
within
himselfe
,
which
he
would
be
accounted
by
other
.
Let
him
endevour
to
be
vertuous
,
for
vertue
is
it
's
owne
reward
.
Every
man
can
envie
the
prosperity
of
fortune
;
in
vertue
even
fortune
her selfe
finds
what
to
envie
.
This
alone
addes
a
straine
of
immortality
to
him
,
who
is
mortall
.
He
is
not
happy
on
whom
treasures
showre
;
but
that
man
whose
good
rests
in
the
mind
.
Well
may
fortune
pricke
him
,
not
wound
him
;
strike
him
,
not
overthrow
him
.
Adversity
,
losses
,
injuries
;
can
doe
that
against
vertue
,
which
clouds
may
against
the
Sunne
.
It
is
true
,
that
the
Courtier
(
being
perfectly
such
)
will
come
to
bee
(
as
it
were
)
no
Courtier
;
for
the
Court
is
the
receptacle
of
all
fraud
and
vice
;
Let
him
therefore
seeke
to
accoast
the
best
what
hee
may
;
for
the
vertuous
man
knowes
how
to
tread
the
paths
of
vice
with
an
upright
foot
,
and
verily
honest
men
can
,
and
understand
how
to
live
,
even
under
bad
Princes
.
There
is
no
other
meanes
to
overcome
Fortune
,
but
by
sole
vertue
;
and
although
the
just
man
is
not
free
from
the
effects
,
yet
is
he
exempt
from
the
occasions
;
For
if
hee
bee
afflicted
,
hee
is
afflicted
as
a
man
,
not
as
wicked
,
nay
rather
hee
is
exercised
,
as
vertuous
.
Attalus
the
Stoicke
said
,
I
rather
choose
Fortune
should
entertaine
mee
in
her
toiles
than
in
her
delights
.
I
am
tormented
,
but
I
beare
it
couragiously
;
I
am
killed
,
but
I
die
valiantly
.
This
goeth
well
;
unhappinesse
is
the
fire
which
purifieth
this
gold
.
Fortune
trusteth
no
man
more
than
him
who
despiseth
her
,
none
despise
her
but
the
vertuous
,
and
although
every
fortune
faile
us
,
it
is
no
meane
fortune
to
be
vertuous
.
But
what
said
I
of
Fortune
?
Man
hath
no
other
fortune
but
himselfe
.
Who
is
so
simple
as
not
to
know
it
,
who
so
wicked
as
to
deny
it
.
That
Sejanus
was
in
one
instant
adored
and
precipitated
;
raised
to
eminent
height
,
depressed
to
lowest
abjectnesse
;
environed
by
so
many
friends
,
besieged
by
so
many
enemies
;
not
defended
by
any
,
persecuted
by
all
,
I
confesse
to
be
no
small
matter
,
yea
such
,
that
not
injuriously
men
sought
to
cover
it
with
supernaturall
power
,
constituting
an
imaginary
Deity
,
to
predominate
over
these
exorbitances
of
motion
.
But
what
should
a
Prince
doe
,
(
speaking
naturally
)
seeing
himselfe
oppressed
,
betrayed
,
entrapped
by
a
force
,
which
takes
all
force
from
his
favour
;
which
in
stead
of
gratefully
acknowledging
him
,
seekes
perfidiously
to
ruine
him
?
If
the
chastisement
of
so
great
a
disorder
be
committed
to
fortune
,
what
assurednesse
of
strength
defends
him
?
If
a
great
one
depose
not
a
lesser
,
who
offends
him
,
what
is
this
greatnesse
?
And
if
this
bee
not
naturall
,
to
what
purpose
did
nature
put
into
us
,
that
motion
of
anger
towards
revenge
?
That
friends
in
these
calamities
abandon
the
deposed
,
is
not
accidentall
,
but
necessary
.
The
preservation
of
the
Individuum
,
is
the
most
principall
among
all
the
effects
of
nature
.
Who
seeth
not
,
that
a
private
man
following
the
adherence
to
a
Rebell
against
a
Prince
,
of
necessity
is
a
companion
of
his
crimes
and
fortune
?
Hee
wrongs
no
man
,
who
vertuously
maketh
use
of
his
Reason
;
It
is
the
naturall
reason
of
every
one
who
is
borne
,
what
he
can
to
ayd
,
preserve
,
and
defend
his
owne
life
;
and
even
thus
much
is
granted
,
which
sometimes
hath
happened
,
that
to
preserve
it
without
any
fault
,
men
have
been
killed
;
and
this
thelawes
admit
(
under
the
care
of
which
is
the
preservation
of
each
mortall
)
how
much
more
lawfull
then
is
it
,
without
offence
to
any
for
a
good
Courtier
to
abandon
a
friend
,
not
friendship
;
and
to
retire
from
perill
,
not
from
love
?
That
in
one
and
the
same
time
a
thousand
are
discovered
to
be
enemies
,
who
have
flattered
thee
,
is
no
wonder
;
man
being
promptly
disposed
to
arrive
by
what
meanssoever
to
his
own
ends
.
The
place
,
thou
emptiest
hath
need
to
be
replenished
.
That
the
subject
flatters
his
Prince
,
is
not
against
nature
.
That
revenge
expects
occasion
,
is
not
unusuall
.
They
,
who
now
are
thy
enemies
,
were
never
thy
friends
;
Vertue
admits
no
change
.
That
enemies
offend
thee
,
is
no
mervell
,
it
were
strange
if
they
help
thee
.
That
Sejanus
was
precipitated
from
so
exalted
a
Condition
of
felicity
into
so
deep
a
dungeon
of
misery
,
is
not
to
bee
called
an
effect
of
fortune
;
for
if
the
causes
(
as
we
saw
before
)
be
of
nature
,
how
can
the
effects
bee
supernaturall
?
Man
is
that
silke
worme
,
which
hath
woven
a
prison
,
and
bands
for
it self
,
and
when
crimes
cometo
incorrigible
terms
,
they
incur
by
divine
permission
those
chasticements
,
which
naturally
follow
bad
beginnings
.
Who
sees
not
,
that
ruine
waiteth
on
him
,
who
plaies
over
it
.
Every
Autumn
concludeth
in
Winter
.
Mirth
endeth
in
teares
.
The
Souldier
is
reserved
to
the
Sword
,
the
Marriner
to
the
waves
.
It
is
not
ascribed
to
Fortune
,
that
a
Butterfly
,
bold
to
dally
with
the
fire
,
at
last
is
wasted
in
the
flame
,
and
is
it
to
be
called
an
accident
of
fortune
,
that
that
man
,
who
is
not
able
to
governe
himselfe
,
fals
oppressed
under
the
weight
of
the
government
of
a
whole
world
,
and
that
which
is
more
considerable
,
of
another
mans
world
?
As
if
it
were
lesse
naturall
to
returne
backe
,
then
to
depart
from
,
to
descend
than
to
climbe
.
Fortunate
is
that
Courtier
,
who
to
gaine
the
favour
of
his
Lord
,
makes
vertue
the
instrument
.
Happy
he
,
who
having
obtained
it
,
retires
,
that
he
may
not
lose
it
.
The
end
attained
,
he
who
further
pretendeth
,
provoketh
misery
.
He
commits
himselfe
to
aiery
vanity
,
to
gaine
the
certainty
of
a
Center
,
who
descendeth
from
a
height
,
not
expecting
to
bee
throwne
headlong
.
The
measure
of
the
foot
is
more
safe
than
of
the
eye
.
Favour
is
not
inaccessible
,
but
to
preserve
it
is
impossible
,
or
difficult
.
The
prize
is
gotten
at
the
end
,
not
at
the
beginning
of
the
race
.
The
end
of
good
events
,
is
the
beginning
of
bad
.
He
who
trusteth
to
himselfe
is
rash
,
who
confideth
in
the
favour
of
another
,
is
meerely
mad
.
The
last
day
of
servitude
,
is
the
first
of
libertie
.
Liberty
in
a
generous
and
vertuous
minde
,
is
a
pledge
which
assureth
thee
that
such
shall
be
thy
fortune
,
as
thou
canst
make
it
or
desire
it
.
This
is
as
much
as
I
can
say
to
thee
(
O
Courtier
.
)
The
favour
of
great
men
is
an
alluring
Syren
,
which
hath
poyson
on
the
tongue
,
and
a
sword
in
hand
.
Let
Sejanus
be
thy
master
,
not
thy
guide
,
for
very
fond
is
he
,
who
walketh
on
ruines
,
and
remembers
not
hee
may
fall
.
IUVENAL
.
—
Qui
nimios
optabat
honores
Etnimias
poscebat
opes
,
numero
sa
parabat
Excelsae
turris
tabulata
,
unde
altior
esset
Casus
,
&
impulsae
praeceps
immane
ruinae
.
FINIS
: