THE
SOVLDIERS
ACCIDENCE
.
THe
Captaines
of
the
men
to
be
Trained
for
the
Warres
(
whether
they
be
Muster-Masters
,
or
other
private
Commanders
)
haue
two
things
to
be
referred
vnto
them
,
that
is
,
sorting
of
Armes
,
and
the
Formes
or
true
Manners
of
Trayning
.
For
the
Sorting
of
Armes
,
it
is
a
good
preportion
to
haue
a
Companie
equally
compounded
of
Armed
men
and
Shot
,
the
Armed
men
to
be
all
Pikes
(
except
the
Officers
.
)
The
Shot
to
be
at
least
halfe
Musquets
,
the
other
halfe
Harquebushes
,
but
if
the
Shot
could
be
two
parts
Musquets
,
it
were
better
,
but
if
all
Musquets
,
then
best
of
all
.
Also
care
is
to
be
had
what
men
are
put
to
every
finde
of
Armes
,
the
strong
,
tall
;
and
best
persons
to
be
P●kes
,
the
squarest
and
broadest
will
be
fit
to
carry
Musquets
,
and
the
least
and
nimblest
may
(
if
necessitie
compell
)
be
turned
to
the
Harquebush
;
But
aboue
all
other
respects
,
it
is
to
be
considered
to
what
Armes
every
man
doth
best
frame
himselfe
,
for
which
cause
it
is
not
amisse
,
that
the
Captaine
see
the
same
men
to
vse
severall
Armes
before
he
doe
appoint
them
certainly
to
carry
any
one
.
Next
he
shall
see
that
every
man
be
well
and
sufficiently
Armed
with
good
and
allowable
Armes
;
That
is
to
say
,
all
his
Pikemen
shall
haue
good
Spanish
Morians
,
or
els
Steele
Caps
for
their
heads
,
well
lined
with
quilted
Caps
,
Curaces
for
their
bodies
of
nimble
and
good
●ould
,
being
(
at
the
least
)
high
pike
proo●e●
large
and
well
●ompa●t
Gordgets
for
their
Neckes
;
Fayre
and
close
ioyned
.
Taces
,
to
arme
to
the
mid-thigh
,
as
for
the
Pouldron
,
or
the
Vant●●●●e
,
they
may
be
spared
,
because
they
are
but
〈…〉
.
All
this
Armour
is
to
be
rather
of
Russet
,
Sang●ine
or
Blacke
colour●
then
White
,
or
Milld
,
for
it
will
keepe
the
longer
from
rust
.
They
shall
haue
strong
straight
,
yet
nimble
Pikes
of
Ash-wood
,
well
headed
with
Steele
,
and
armed
with
plates
downward
from
the
head
at
least
foure
foote
,
and
the
full
size
or
length
of
every
Pike
shall
be
fifte
one
foote
,
beside
the
head
.
These
Pikemen
shall
also
haue
good
,
sharpe
,
and
broad
Swords
(
of
which
the
Turkie
or
Bilboe
are
best
)
strong
Scabards
,
chapt
with
Iron
,
Girdle
,
Hangers
,
or
Bautricke
of
strong
Leather
;
and
lastly
,
if
to
the
Pikemans
Headpeece
be
fastned
a
small
ring
of
Iron
,
and
to
the
right
side
of
his
Backpeece
(
below
his
Girdle
)
an
Iron
hooke
,
to
hang
his
Steele-cap
vpon
,
it
will
be
a
great
ease
to
the
Souldier
,
and
a
nimble
carriage
in
the
time
of
long
Marches
.
All
his
Musquetiers
shall
be
armed
in
good
Spanish
Marians
vpon
their
Heads
.
About
their
bodies
Bautrickwise
from
the
left
shoulder
vnder
the
right
arme
,
they
shall
carry
Bandiliers
of
broad
Leather
,
hauing
made
fast●
vnto
them
at
least
twelue
or
thirteene
charges
of
wood
or
horne
,
well
covered
with
Leather
,
and
hanging
by
large
long
strings
,
that
with
ease
they
may
be
brought
to
the
mouth
of
the
Peece
.
And
these
Charges
must
containe
Powder
according
to
the
bore
and
bignesse
of
the
Piece
by
due
measure
.
They
shall
also
haue
Swords
,
Girdles
,
Hangers
,
or
Bautrickes
,
and
Bullet
bags
,
in
which
they
shall
carrie
their
Moulds
,
Bullets
,
Wormes
,
Screwes
,
Rammer
,
and
Pryming
Iron
.
Also
they
shall
haue
good
and
sufficient
Musquets
,
of
true
size
and
bore
,
with
cleane
Barrels
,
and
straight
scowring
stickes
,
headed
at
the
one
end
with
Rammers
of
horne
,
sutable
to
the
bore
of
the
Piece
,
and
at
the
other
,
with
boxes
of
iron
in
which
to
screw
their
Wormes
,
iron
Rammers
,
and
the
like
.
The
Cockes
and
Trickers
of
the
Piece
(
for
Seares
are
not
good
)
shall
be
nimble
to
goe
and
come
,
and
the
Stocks
shall
be
straight
,
&
of
very
sound
wood
.
Lastly
,
for
their
right
hands
they
shall
haue
Rests
of
Ash
wood
,
or
other
tough
wood
,
with
iron
Pikes
in
the
neather
end
,
and
halfe
hoopes
of
Iron
aboue
to
rest
the
Musquet
on
,
and
double
strong
stringes
fastned
neare
therevnto
,
to
hang
about
the
arme
of
the
Souldier
when
at
any
time
he
shall
haue
occasion
to
traile
the
same
;
And
the
length
of
these
Rests
shall
be
sutable
to
the
stature
of
the
man
,
bearing
his
Piece
so
,
as
he
may
discharge
it
without
stooping
.
The
Harquebushes
shall
be
armed
like
the
Musquets
;
The
Rest
onely
excepted
,
and
the
quantitie
of
the
Piece
,
and
the
Charges
duely
considered
.
Your
Halberdier
shall
be
armed
in
all
points
like
your
Pike
,
onely
in
stead
of
the
Pike
he
shall
carry
a
faire
Halberd
,
that
is
strong
,
sharpe
,
and
well
armed
with
plates
of
iron
,
from
the
Blade
at
least
two
foot
downward
vpon
the
Staffe
,
and
fringed
or
adorned
according
to
pleasure
;
And
these
Halberds
doe
properly
belong
vnto
the
Serieants
of
Companies
,
who
by
reason
of
their
much
imployment
are
excused
from
Armes
;
Otherwise
in
the
day
of
Battaile
,
or
in
the
Battaile
they
are
for
guard
of
the
Ensigne
,
or
matter
of
execution
,
and
then
to
be
armed
as
is
aforesaid
.
The
Ensigne
,
or
Bearer
of
the
Captaines
colours
,
shall
be
armed
at
all
pieces
to
the
mid
thigh
,
as
as
Head-peece
,
Gorget
,
Curaces
,
Pouldrons
,
Vantbranes
,
and
Taces
,
with
a
faire
Sword
by
his
side
,
and
his
Captaines
Colours
or
Ensigne
in
his
hand
.
The
Lieutenants
of
Companies
shall
be
armed
like
the
Ensigne-bearer
,
and
his
weapon
shall
be
a
faire
guilt
Partizan
.
The
Captaines
shall
be
armed
as
the
Lieutenants
,
onely
as
much
richer
as
they
please
,
and
their
weapons
to
lead
with
,
shall
be
Feather
staues
;
But
their
weapons
to
serue
or
encounter
the
enemy
with
,
shall
be
faire
Partizans
of
strong
and
short
blades
,
well
guilt
and
adorned
,
according
to
their
owne
pleasures
.
For
the
Formes
or
manner
of
Trayning
;
That
forme
is
onely
to
be
followed
,
which
shall
be
soonest
and
easiest
learned
,
and
of
most
vse
for
all
kind
of
service
whatsoever
,
and
which
I
take
to
be
this
Forme
following
.
First
you
shall
draw
your
Company
into
two
Battalions
,
or
square
Bodies
(
the
Pikes
by
themselues
,
and
the
Shot
by
themselues
)
which
Bodies
shall
consist
of
Ranks
and
Files
,
and
you
shall
draw
them
forth
by
Files
or
tens
,
man
after
man
,
or
if
they
be
much
disorderly
and
vncapable
,
then
draw
them
forth
by
halfe
Files
or
fiues
,
and
when
they
are
so
placed
,
by
doubling
those
halfe
Files
,
you
may
bring
them
to
whole
Files
;
which
done
,
then
placing
the
Pikes
in
the
midst
,
wing
them
on
either
hand
with
your
Shot
,
wherein
if
you
haue
Ha●quebushes
(
which
are
now
out
of
vse
with
vs
)
you
shall
then
giue
to
your
Musquetiers
the
prioritie
of
place
,
that
is
,
they
shall
make
the
outmost
Files
both
of
the
right
and
the
left
hand
.
Now
for
a
Ranke
,
you
shall
vnderstand
it
is
a
Row
of
men
placed
Pouldron
to
Pouldron
,
or
Shoulder
to
Shoulder
,
their
faces
being
directed
all
one
way
;
And
a
File
is
a
Sequence
of
men
standing
one
behind
another
,
Backe
to
Belly
,
extending
from
the
first
to
the
last
man
;
And
it
is
taken
from
the
French
word
la
Fila
signifying
a
Thridd
,
because
men
stand
long
wise
and
straight
like
a
thrid
,
and
the
Files
consist
of
single
men
downeward
,
as
the
Ranks
consist
of
single
men
ouerthwart
.
Now
these
Files
in
some
discipline
are
called
Flankes
,
because
they
doe
flanker
,
or
wall
in
the
Battalia
,
and
the
Rankes
are
called
Fronts
,
because
they
stand
formost
and
doe
as
it
were
affront
the
Battailes
,
and
looke
vpon
the
Enemie
,
but
in
truth
none
can
properly
be
called
the
Front
but
the
Ranke
which
standeth
formost
,
nor
any
File
be
called
a
●lanke
,
but
those
which
stand
outmost
,
yet
all
are
Ranks
,
and
all
are
Files
,
and
therefore
those
two
names
are
without
contradiction
.
Now
lastly
you
shall
vnderstand
,
that
a
Ranke
may
consist
of
as
many
men
as
you
please
(
according
to
the
number
of
your
Company
)
But
a
File
(
howeuer
the
Spaniards
and
Italians
vse
it
in
vncertaine
depth
)
ought
neuer
to
be
aboue
ten
persons
deepe
(
except
it
be
in
marching
or
in
most
especiall
seruice
,
where
advantage
of
ground
requireth
the
contrary
)
The
reason
thereof
,
being
that
the
first
man
hauing
done
his
dutie
in
discharging
his
piece
,
may
in
the
space
that
nine
other
men
shall
do
their
duties
,
and
discharge
their
pieces
distinctly
one
after
another
,
be
againe
in
readines
&
make
his
first
place
good
,
there
to
discharge
his
piece
a-againe
.
Besides
it
is
the
readiest
and
best
way
for
the
drawing
of
Grosses
and
great
numbers
,
into
any
forme
that
you
please
,
because
according
to
this
discipline
,
euery
hundred
men
make
a
full
Square
,
that
is
to
say
,
iustren
euery
way
.
This
done
you
shall
deuide
one
hundred
men
into
foure
Corporall
shipps
or
Squadrons
,
and
euery
Squadron
,
into
as
many
Files
as
the
number
wil
beare
,
and
euery
File
into
Fellowships
or
Camera-does
,
Th●
Corporall
of
euery
Squadron
,
shall
be
the
leader
of
the
chiefest
file
of
the
Squadron
,
and
the
Lanspresado
:
(
who
in
the
Corporalls
absence
,
as
vpon
a
guard
or
otherwise
,
doth
all
the
Corporalls
duties
)
shall
lead
another
file
,
and
the
most
sufficient
Gentlemen
of
euery
Squadron
shal
be
the
leaders
of
the
rost
.
Now
for
the
especiall
duties
of
these
two
Officers
(
which
is
the
Corporall
,
and
the
Lanspresadoe
)
you
shall
vnderstand
that
the
Corporalls
chiefest
dutie
is
vpon
guards
at
night
,
after
the
Watch
is
set
,
and
the
Sentinells
placed●
where
so
soone
as
the
Sentinell
shall
call
vpon
any
approach
,
lie
shall
immediately
goe
with
his
Sword
drawne
,
or
in
especiall
cases
(
where
the
Enemy
lodgeth
neare
)
with
a
guard
of
two
at
least
(
being
a
Pike
and
a
Shot
)
vnto
the
Sentinell
,
and
making
his
Guard
stand
vpon
their
guard
he
shall
place
the
point
of
his
sword
to
the
breast
of
him
that
is
to
giue
the
Word
,
whether
he
be
Rounder
,
or
other
private
passenger
,
and
so
with
his
eare
to
his
mouth
very
closely
receiueth●
Word
,
which
if
it
be
right
he
shall
giue
the
partie
passe
;
if
otherwise
he
shall
take
him
prisoner
,
and
disarme
him
,
and
either
keepe
him
vpon
his
guard
,
or
els
deliver
him
to
his
superior
Officer
:
But
if
any
resistance
shall
be
offered
then
it
shall
be
lawfull
for
him
to
kill
him
.
Also
the
Corporall
shall
in
the
time
of
service
fee
that
every
Souldier
in
his
Squadron
haue
his
Armes
neate
,
cleane
,
and
handsome
;
that
they
be
not
vnfurnished
of
Powder
,
Match
,
and
Bullet
;
and
the
Lanspresadoe
(
as
was
before
said
)
shall
in
the
absence
of
the
Corporall
doe
all
the
Corporals
duties
,
and
in
the
time
of
rest
he
shall
call
vpon
his
Squadron
,
and
see
them
dresse
,
trimme
,
and
scoure
their
Armes
and
Weapons
,
and
teach
them
how
best
to
doe
the
same
.
And
also
he
shall
see
them
cast
their
Bullets
,
if
need
require
,
and
to
such
as
are
ignorant
,
teach
them
how
to
doe
the
same
,
and
shew
them
how
to
scoure
their
Pieces
,
and
oyle
them
,
and
in
time
of
necessitie
,
or
vpon
Cloying
,
how
to
vnbreetch
them
.
The
Companie
being
thus
devided
,
In
the
Trayning
foure
principall
things
are
to
be
taught
.
-
1.
First
,
the
carriage
and
vse
of
Armes
,
conteined
in
divers
Postures
or
Stations
,
expressing
the
formes
of
men
in
Armes
.
-
2.
Secondly
,
Distance
or
proportion
of
place
in
Files
and
Rankes
.
-
3.
Thirdly
,
March
and
Malion
,
contained
in
words
of
most
especiall
directions
.
-
4.
And
fourthly
,
all
the
sounds
or
beatings
of
the
Drumme
,
and
ordinarie
words
of
direction
(
which
are
our
Vocabula
artis
)
and
how
by
the
Drumme
,
or
the
voice
of
a
Commander
,
to
moue
and
obey
the
direction
.
1.
The
carriage
of
Armes
must
be
comely
and
readiest
for
vse
.
The
vse
of
Pikes
is
either
in
receiving
or
giuing
a
Charge
;
Vse
of
the
Pike
.
By
being
t●ught
the
first●
the
Souldier
learnes
to
withstand
Horse
;
By
the
second
,
to
encounter
with
the
enemies
Pikes
,
in
which
the
vse
of
Armes
is
most
in
knowing
when
and
how
every
man
,
and
so
every
Ranke
should
giue
his
push
.
In
teaching
the
vse
of
Shot
the
Souldier
must
first
learne
how
to
carry
his
Piece
,
Vse
of
the
Shot
.
then
how
to
present
it
,
and
to
take
his
levell
,
and
how
and
when
to
giue
his
volley
with
those
in
his
Ranke
.
All
which
shall
be
more
plainly
described
when
wee
come
to
speake
of
Postures
●
And
this
part
of
Instruction
is
the
proper
office
of
the
Serieants
of
Companies
,
for
they
should
both
teach
the
Shot
the
vse
of
their
Armes
,
and
be
their
Leaders
in
Service
,
if
by
an
especiall
commandement
,
a
superior
Officer
be
not
appointed
.
In
teaching
to
giue
volleys
,
How
to
giue
Volleys
.
the
ancient
and
vulgar
manner
of
discipline
(
which
is
that
the
whole
volley
shall
be
given
of
all
the
Shot
in
one
Battalia
,
or
Troop
,
at
one
instant
,
as
well
of
them
behind
as
before
)
is
vtterly
to
be
condemned
;
For
either
the
hind
most
must
venture
to
shoot
their
fellowes
before
through
the
heads
,
or
els
will
overshoot
,
and
so
spend
their
Shot
vnprofitably
.
Besides
,
the
volley
being
once
given
,
the
Enemy
comes
on
without
impeachment
or
annoyance●
But
in
stead
of
this
kind
of
volley
at
once
(
which
onely
serues
to
make
a
great
crack
)
let
the
first
Ranke
onely
giue
their
volley
,
Volleys
marching
.
and
if
the
Bat●ali●
ma●ch
,
then
that
Ranke
which
hath
giuen
their
volley
to
stand
,
and
the
second
to
passe
through
it
,
and
so
giue
their
volley
,
and
then
to
stand
,
and
the
third
to
come
vp
,
and
so
consequently
all
the
Rankes
.
Volleys
standing
.
But
if
the
Battalia
stand
,
then
the
first
Ranke
having
given
their
volley
,
shall
fall
back
to
the
Reare
,
either
in
Wheele
,
or
in
Counter-march
(
according
to
the
number
of
persons
in
the
Ranke
.
)
And
the
second
Ranke
come
into
their
places
,
and
so
the
third
,
and
fourth
,
till
the
first
Ranke
be
come
to
their
places
againe
,
and
so
to
continue
to
the
end
of
commandement
.
Volleys
retyring
.
But
if
the
Battalia
shall
fall
backe
or
retire
,
and
loose
ground
;
then
shall
all
the
Shot
stand
still
,
and
no
man
advance
a
foote
of
ground
;
But
the
first
Ranke
in
its
due
place
shall
giue
their
volley
,
and
then
fall
backe
behind
the
last
Ranke
,
and
then
the
second
Ranke
shall
giue
their
volley
in
their
due
place
,
and
so
fall
behind
the
first
,
and
in
the
same
manner
all
the
rest
,
till
they
haue
lost
so
much
ground
as
to
the
Commander
shall
seeme
convenient
:
And
so
the
volley
shall
be
still
continued
,
whether
in
Marching
,
Standing
,
or
Retyring
,
and
the
enemy
never
free
from
annoyance
;
All
which
is
easily
performed
,
if
before
the
Motion
you
doe
make
all
your
Shot
open
their
Files
well
,
either
to
one
or
the
other
hand
.
There
are
two
other
wayes
of
giuing
fire
,
the
one
vpon
advancement
,
the
other
,
vpon
a
swift
and
speedie
retrayt
:
Volleys
vpon
advancement
.
That
vpon
advancement
towards
an
enemy
when
your
men
skirmish
loose
and
disbanded
,
must
be
done
by
Rankes
in
this
manner
;
Two
Rankes
must
alwayes
make
ready
together
,
and
advance
tenne
paces
forwardes
before
the
bodie
,
at
which
distance
a
Sergeant
(
or
when
the
body
is
great
)
some
other
officer
must
stand
,
to
whom
the
Musquetiers
are
to
come
vp
before
they
present
and
giue
fire
;
first
,
the
first
Ranke
,
and
whilest
the
first
giues
fire
,
the
second
Ranke
keepe
their
Musquets
close
to
their
Rests
,
and
their
pans
guarded
;
and
as
soone
as
the
first
are
falne
away
,
the
second
presently
present
and
giue
fire
,
and
fall
after
them
:
Now
as
soone
as
the
two
first
Rankes
doe
moue
from
their
places
in
the
Front
,
the
two
Rankes
next
it
must
vnshoulder
their
Musquets
,
and
make
readie
,
so
as
they
may
advance
forwards
tenne
paces
,
as
before
;
as
soone
as
the
two
first
Rankes
are
fallen
away
,
and
are
to
doe
in
all
points
as
the
former
;
so
all
the
other
Rankes
through
the
whole
devision
must
doe
the
same
by
twoes
one
after
another
.
The
manner
of
giving
fire
in
a
swift
retrayt
is
as
the
devision
marcheth
away
,
Volleys
vpon
a
swift
retrait
.
the
hinder
most
〈◊〉
of
all
(
keeping
still
with
the
devision
)
maketh
readie
,
and
being
readie
,
the
Souldiers
in
that
ranke
turne
altogether
to
the
right
hand
,
and
giue
fire
,
Marching
presently
away
a
good
round
pace
to
the
Front
,
and
there
place
themselues
in
Ranke
together
,
iust
before
the
Front
;
As
soone
as
the
first
Ranke
turnes
to
giue
fire
,
the
Ranke
next
it
makes
readie
,
and
doth
as
the
former
,
and
so
the
rest
.
Next
to
the
Carriage
of
Armes
,
you
shall
teach
the
knowledg
of
Distance
or
Seperation
of
places
,
[
](A06964-e5970-b)2
2
Distance
of
place
.
being
accounted
a
certaine
orderly
space
betweene
File
and
File
,
Ranke
and
Ranke
,
in
such
order
and
measure
as
the
Gaptaine
shall
be
disposed
to
nomina●e
,
which
not
being
obeyed
,
the
whole
body
of
the
Battalia
is
put
out
of
order
,
and
neither
carrying
proportion●
nor
true
shape
,
are
as
men
in
rout
or
disorder●
Therefore
it
ought
carefully
(
of
all
things
)
to
be
observed
and
vsed
according
to
the
limitation
or
fitnesse
of
every
Motion
;
For
the
Stations
of
all
Military
persons
,
and
the
Motions
in
Armes
,
are
not
alwayes
certaine
,
or
in
one
steadie
role●
but
do●
continually
interchange
and
alter
agree
a●y
one
with
another
;
And
the
vse
of
this
Distance
is
both
in
Rankes
and
Files
,
in
Marches
,
and
in
Motions
;
In
Files
,
as
when
they
stand
or
march
at
the
first
Distance
,
which
is
called
Closest
,
that
is
to
say
,
Pouldron
to
Pouldron
,
or
Shoulder
to
Shoulder
,
or
when
they
stand
or
march
at
the
second
Distance
,
which
is
called
Close
,
and
is
a
foot
and
a
halfe
distance
man
from
man
;
or
when
they
stand
or
march
at
the
third
distance
,
which
is
called
Order
,
which
is
three
foote
man
from
man
;
or
when
they
stand
or
march
at
the
fourth
and
last
Distance
,
which
is
called
Open
Order
,
and
is
sixe
foote
betweene
person
and
person
.
So
likewise
in
Rankes
to
stand
or
march
Closest
,
is
to
be
at
the
Swords
poynt
,
to
stand
or
march
Close
;
is
three
foote
,
to
stand
or
march
at
Order
,
is
sixe
foote
,
and
to
stand
or
march
at
Open
Order
,
is
ever
twelue
foote
.
Now
there
be
some
Commanders
which
vary
in
the
nomination
of
these
termes
,
though
not
in
Quantitie
or
Distance
,
for
they
will
haue
Close
in
Files
to
be
Pouldron
to
Pouldron
;
Order
,
a
foote
and
an
halfe
;
Open-Order
three
foote
,
and
Double-distance
sixe
foote●
and
so
omit
the
word
Closest
.
And
so
like
wise
in
Rankes
,
Close
they
will
haue
to
the
Swords
poynt
,
Order
three
foote
,
Open
Order
sixe
foote
,
and
Double-distance
twelue
foote
,
and
so
not
the
word
Closest
at
all
.
Others
vary
it
another
way
,
and
will
haue
but
three
Distances
,
that
is
to
say
;
Open
Order
,
which
they
will
haue
to
be
six
foote
both
betweene
ranke
and
fyle
,
Order
three
foote
betweene
Ranke
and
Fyle
,
and
Close-order
a
foote
and
an
halfe
betweene
Fyle●
and
Fyle
,
and
three
foote
betweene
Ranke
and
Ranke
,
and
when
they
come
to
open
Rankes
,
then
they
command
Double-distance
also
,
which
they
make
twelue
foote
,
and
so
by
steps
come
to
the
fourth
Distance
also
,
but
I
preferre
the
first
discipline
,
and
hold
the
words
fully
as
significant
and
most
in
vse
,
which
aboue
all
things
are
to
be
esteemed
and
imitated
.
Now
to
take
the
true
measure
of
these
Distances
,
The
measure
of
Distances
.
because
the
eye
is
but
an
vncertaine
Iudge
,
you
shall
take
the
distance
of
sixe
foote
betweene
fyle
and
fyle
,
by
commanding
the
Souldiers
(
as
they
stand
)
to
stretch
forth
their
arme●
,
and
stand
so
remoued
one
from
another
,
that
their
handes
may
meete
.
To
take
the
distance
of
three
foot
betweene
fyle
and
fyle
,
you
shall
make
the
Souldiers
set
their
armes
a
kenbowe
,
and
put
themselues
so
close
that
their
elbowes
may
meete
,
and
to
take
the
distance
of
a
foote
and
an
halfe
,
euery
other
Souldier
in
the
Ranke
shall
set
one
arme
a
kenbowe
,
and
his
fellow
shall
neare
touch
it
;
And
thus
likewise
in
Rankes
wee
take
the
distance
of
sixe
foote
,
when
the
but
ends
of
the
Pikes
do
almost
reach
their
heeles
that
march
before
.
Three
foote
in
Ranke
is
when
they
come
almost
to
the
Swords
poynt
;
and
twelue
foote
is
the
length
of
a
Pike
charged
ever
.
[
](A06964-e6370-b)3
3
Of
Marches
.
Next
vnto
distance
of
place
,
is
to
be
taught
Marches
and
Motions
,
and
in
teaching
of
Marches
,
after
euery
man
knowes
his
place
,
and
is
willed
to
obserue
his
fyle
and
ranke
;
In
a
plaine
March
,
there
is
no
hardnesse
,
nor
yet
in
a
Counter-march
,
if
the
Leaders
of
the
fyles
be
well
chosen
,
and
that
every
man
obserue
well
him
that
goes
next
before
him
.
Besides
,
if
there
be
any
little
disorder
,
the
Officers
keeping
a
good
eye
,
and
being
every
one
of
them
in
their
due
place
,
will
easily
reforme
it
.
Now
for
the
places
of
the
Officers
,
they
are
these
:
The
severall
places
of
Officers
.
The
head
of
the
Troope
or
Band
is
for
the
Captaine
,
and
the
Reare
for
the
Lieutenant
,
except
it
be
in
a
Retrayt
,
and
then
the
Captaine
should
be
in
the
Reare
,
and
the
Lieutenant
at
the
Head
.
The
Ensigne
(
in
an
ordinary
Battalia
)
vpon
the
head
behinde
the
Captaine
,
or
within
a
Ranke
thereof
.
But
marching
in
an
extended
Battayle
,
then
in
the
heart
or
midst
of
the
Pikes
.
The
Drummes
are
in
a
square
Battalia
to
beate
before
the
right
and
left
wings
.
But
in
an
extended
Battayle
,
the
eldest
Drumme
shall
beate
before
the
third
and
fourth
ranke
of
Shot
,
which
followeth
next
after
the
Captaine
.
The
second
Drumme
shall
attend
the
Ensigne
;
and
the
third
(
if
there
be
so
many
in
one
Companie
)
shall
beate
betweene
the
third
and
fourth
Ranke
of
Shot
,
which
marcheth
in
the
Reare
next
before
the
Lieutenant
.
The
Phiphes
(
if
there
be
more
then
one
)
the
eldest
shall
march
with
the
eldest
Drumme
;
and
the
second
shall
attend
on
the
Ensigne
.
The
Sergeants
are
extravagantly
to
march
on
each
side
the
Company
,
and
to
see
the
Souldiers
keepe
their
Rankes
and
Fyles
,
according
to
the
Captaines
appoyntment
;
as
also
to
listen
and
performe
any
direction
that
shall
come
from
the
Captaine
,
or
other
Officer
in
chiefe
:
as
also
(
vpon
any
occasion
)
to
leade
loose
and
disbanded
fyles
of
Shot
in
Skirmish
,
or
els
devisions
of
Pykes
or
Shot
in
ordinary
Marches
,
where
superior
Officers
are
absent
.
Now
to
these
Marches
,
Of
Motion●
.
are
added
the
teaching
of
Motions
,
because
there
are
many
such
that
are
not
Marches
at
all
:
As
some
without
changing
of
place
,
in
onely
turning
of
their
faces
to
the
right
hand
,
or
the
left
,
or
about
(
that
is
to
say
)
the
meere
contrary
way
,
to
that
they
were
at
the
Command
giuen
;
which
is
necessarie
if
the
enemy
should
charge
of
either
side
or
behinde
.
Some
motions
there
are
which
change
place
;
But
yet
no
more
then
a
remouing
from
one
Ranke
to
another
,
or
from
one
File
to
another
,
when
as
(
commonly
)
though
some
doe
remoue
,
yet
others
stand
still
;
and
these
kinde
of
Motions
are
doubling
of
Rankes
or
Fyles
,
whereby
the
Battalia
is
made
broader
or
longer
,
as
the
Enemy
or
the
ground
you
haue
,
causeth
you
to
make
your
Flankes
,
Fronts
,
Rankes
,
or
Files
greater
or
lesser
.
And
here
is
to
be
noted
in
this
doubling
of
Rankes
or
Fyles
,
that
Rankes
when
they
double
to
the
right
hand
,
must
ever
turne
to
the
left
hand
to
come
to
their
former
places
againe
,
and
if
they
be
doubled
to
the
left
hand
,
they
must
turne
on
the
right
hand
to
come
to
their
first
places
againe
;
And
Fyles
when
they
are
doubled
to
any
hand
,
by
the
doubling
of
Rankes
to
the
contrary
hand
,
they
are
brought
to
their
first
places
againe
.
And
so
having
doubled
your
Rankes
to
any
hand
,
by
the
doubling
of
Fyles
to
the
contrary
hand
,
you
also
bring
them
to
their
first
places
againe
.
There
is
also
to
be
taught
another
Motion
,
in
which
all
doe
moue
,
and
yet
none
doe
march
,
which
is
the
Opening
and
Closing
either
of
Rankes
or
Fyles
,
and
is
of
vs●
not
onely
when
you
would
haue
one
Ranke
passe
through
another
,
or
the
whole
Body
of
the
Battalia
make
a
counter-march
,
but
when
we
would
draw
the
Battayle
quickly
,
and
in
order
,
more
of
one
hand
or
other
.
In
teaching
the
Souldier
how
to
know
the
sounds
or
Beatings
of
the
Drumme
,
[
](A06964-e6640-b)4
4
Of
the
sounds
of
the
Drum
.
you
must
make
them
obserue
not
onely
what
the
Drum
doth
beat
,
as
whether
it
be
a
Call
,
a
March
,
a
Troope
,
a
Battalia
,
a
Charge
,
a
Retrait
,
a
Batterie
,
a
Reliefe
,
and
so
forth
,
but
also
what
time
he
keepes
,
for
euer
according
to
the
measure
of
time
,
the
Souldier
is
to
march
slower
or
faster
,
to
charge
with
greater
violence
,
or
to
come
off
with
greater
speede
,
also
he
shall
know
when
by
the
Drum
to
attend
his
Captaines
directions
,
when
to
repayre
to
his
Colour●
,
and
when
to
doe
other
duties
.
And
many
other
beatings
as
occasion
shall
administer
,
and
as
by
the
sound
of
the
Drum
,
you
doe
teach
your
Souldiers
to
march
,
so
by
the
voice
(
at
their
first
instruction
)
you
shall
teach
them
all
other
motions
.
To
make
them
therefore
perfect
in
these
and
all
other
Motions
,
Vse
of
words
.
it
is
good
to
vse
them
to
some
certaine
words
,
which
being
once
learned●
will
serue
for
direction
,
and
they
must
bee
the
wordes●
now
most
in
vse
in
our
English
Armies
.
The
words
which
are
now
in
vse
,
both
here
and
in
the
Netherlands
,
are
these
and
such
like
〈◊〉
following
.
First
for
all
Motions
in
generall
,
they
must
eyther
be
in
Distance
,
or
in
Forme
.
If
in
Distance
,
it
must
eyther
be
in
File
,
or
Rank
,
or
in
both
together
.
If
the
motion
be
in
distance
o●
Files
,
it
must
eyther
be
in
closing
or
in
opening
;
If
in
closing
,
then
your
words
of
proper
directions
are
th●se
.
First
hauing
drawne
your
Ba●●aile
in
order
you
shall
say
—
Leaders
stand
forward
with
your
Files
.
The
words
of
proper
directions
.
Then
-
Close
your
Files
.
-
Close
your
Files
to
the
right
hand
.
-
Close
your
Files
to
the
left
.
And
all
these
three
motions
you
shal
doe
eyther
closest
,
close
,
to
Order
,
or
to
open
Order
.
-
Open
your
Files
.
-
Open
to
the
right
hand
.
-
Open
to
the
left
.
Or
to
any
order
as
aforesayd
.
If
in
distance
of
Rankes
,
then
also
in
closing
or
opening
,
if
in
closing
—
then
-
Close
your
Rankes
.
-
Close
your
Rankes
,
from
the
front
to
the
reare
.
-
Close
your
Rankes
,
from
the
reare
to
the
front
.
And
any
of
th●se
to
any
order
as
aforesayd
,
and
if
in
opening
—
then
-
Open
your
Rankes
.
-
Open
your
Rankes
,
from
the
front
reareward
.
-
Open
your
Rankes
from
the
reare
forward
.
And
any
of
th●se
to
any
order
aforesayd
,
And
heerein
is
to
bee
noted
that
Rankes
when
they
open
,
ought
(
for
the
most
part
)
to
open
downeward
,
turning
to
the
Reare
,
and
if
they
close
,
it
m●st
euer
be
vpward
to
the
Front
.
Lastly
if
motion
in
distance
,
be
both
of
Rankes
and
File●
at
one
instant
,
then
you
shall
say
—
-
Files
and
Rankes
close
.
-
Files
and
Rankes
open
.
And
both
these
to
any
order
aforesayd
.
Now
if
it
be
motion
in
forme
,
it
is
also
in
files
,
in
rankes
,
and
in
files
and
rankes
both
together
.
If
it
be
motion
in
forme
of
files
,
the
words
of
direction
are
—
-
Double
your
Files
to
the
right
hand
.
-
Double
your
Files
to
the
left
.
-
Advance
〈◊〉
Files
to
the
right
hand
.
-
Advance
your
Files
to
the
left
.
-
Advance
by
devision
to
the
right
hand
.
-
Advance
by
devision
to
the
left
.
-
Files
ranke
by
conversion
to
the
right
hand
.
-
Files
ranke
by
conversion
to
the
left
.
-
Files
ranke
3.5.7
.
&c.
-
Shorten
your
Files
to
5.8
.
&c.
-
Lengthen
your
Files
to
10.12.16
.
&c.
-
Files
counter-march
to
the
right
hand
.
-
Files
counter-march
to
the
left
.
-
Files
counter-march
to
both
by
devision
.
And
this
counter-march
may
bee
done
divers
wayes
and
manners
,
as
after
the
manner
of
the
Macedonians
,
the
Lacedemonians
,
the
Persians
,
or
out
late
and
more
moderne
vse
and
fashion
,
&
all
these
motions
must
be
done
to
some
one
or
other
order
as
aforesayd
.
If
it
be
motion
in
forme
of
rankes
,
then
the
words
are
—
-
Double
your
rankes
to
the
right
hand
.
-
Double
your
rankes
to
the
left
.
-
Rankes
file
by
conversion
to
the
right
hand
.
-
Rankes
file
by
conversion
to
the
left
.
-
Rankes
ranke
.
5.7
.
&c.
-
Midlemen
double
the
front
to
the
right
hand
.
-
Midlemen
double
the
front
to
the
left
.
-
Midlemen
double
to
both
by
devision
,
to
the
right
entire
,
and
to
the
left
entire
.
-
Rankes
counter-march
from
the
right
hand
to
the
left
.
-
Rankes
counter-march
from
the
left
hand
to
the
right
.
In
the
manner
as
formerly
in
fyles
,
according
to
severall
Nations
,
&
when
you
will
Counter-march
to
the
right
hand
,
the
first
ranke
of
Leaders
onely
must
advance
one
stepp
forward
with
the
right
leg
,
and
then
turne
,
and
all
the
other
ranks
must
march
first
vp
to
the
place
from
whence
the
first
ranke
did
counter-march
before
they
turne
;
So
likewise
,
if
you
will
counter-march
to
the
left
hand
,
the
first
rankes
must
stepp
forward
,
one
stepp
with
the
left
legge
,
and
then
turne
,
and
all
the
other
rankes
behind
,
must
come
vp
to
that
place
before
they
turne
as
before
;
The
same
order
is
to
be
obserued
,
when
you
will
counter-march
your
Files
;
Also
in
counter-marching
,
though
both
are
here
set
downe
for
distinction
sake
,
you
are
to
name
neither
Rankes
nor
Files
,
but
are
onely
to
say
—
To
the
right
hand
counter-march
,
or
To
the
left
hand
counter-march
.
Now
if
it
be
Motion
in
forme
,
both
in
Files
and
Rankes
iointly
together
,
then
the
words
of
direction
are
-
Faces
to
the
right
hand
.
-
Faces
to
the
left
.
-
Faces
to
both
by
devision
.
-
Faces
about
,
or
all
one
.
-
Faces
to
the
Reare
.
all
one
.
-
Wheele
by
conversion
to
the
right
hand
.
-
Wheele
by
conversion
to
the
left
.
-
Wheele
to
both
by
devision
.
-
Charge
to
the
right
hand
.
-
Charge
to
the
left
.
-
Charge
to
both
by
devision
.
-
Charge
to
the
Front
.
-
Charge
to
the
Reare
.
-
Charge
to
both
front
and
reare
by
devision
.
Now
to
reduce
any
of
these
words
of
direction
to
the
same
order
or
station
in
which
the
Souldier
stood
before
they
were
spoken
,
you
shall
say
—
As
you
were
.
Now
in
these
words
of
generall
directions
,
Charging
of
Pikes
.
this
is
principally
to
be
regarded
,
that
in
charging
with
Pikes
,
halfe
the
Rankes
are
but
to
charge
their
Pikes
,
and
the
other
halfe
to
carrie
them
advanced
,
or
ported
,
so
neare
the
heads
of
the
formost
as
they
may
doe
them
no
annoyance
,
either
in
Charging
or
Retyring
;
and
they
must
also
obserue
when
they
doe
Charge
standing
,
to
fall
backe
with
the
right
foote
,
and
Marching
to
step
forward
with
the
left
.
There
is
also
another
motion
in
forme
,
Giuing
of
fire
by
the
Flanke
.
which
is
the
giuing
of
fire
by
the
Flanke
,
or
by
whole
Fyles
one
after
another
,
which
are
strange
to
the
Dutch
,
or
Spanish
,
yet
exceeding
frequent
with
the
Irish
,
and
therefore
necessary
for
our
English
vse
.
And
that
is
for
the
beating
or
Clayring
of
Paces
(
which
are
narrow
strait
wayes
through
Woods
and
Bogs
)
and
the
words
for
direction
are
—
-
Cast
of
your
fyles
to
the
right
hand
.
-
Cast
of
your
fyles
to
the
left
.
-
Cast
of
your
fyles
to
both
by
devision
.
Now
for
the
most
of
these
words
there
can
be
hardly
better
chosen
.
Constancy
in
words
giuing
.
But
it
is
not
so
materiall
what
words
you
first
choose
to
trayne
by
;
as
it
is
to
vse
some
words
constantly
:
and
yet
the
same
words
should
be
vsed
generally
through
the
Troopes
of
an
Armie
,
or
els
it
will
breed
confusion
.
And
if
it
were
also
generally
in
the
discipline
of
one
Kingdome
,
it
were
better
and
more
absolute
.
What
March
&
Motion
i●
.
And
thus
much
touching
March
and
Motion
;
which
is
nothing
els
but
an
actuall
working
of
the
bodie
,
contained
in
foure
severall
circumstances
:
The
first
being
a
marching
forward
(
as
charging
to
the
Front
)
the
second
backward
(
as
by
retrayt
)
the
third
side-wayes
(
as
by
closing
,
opening
or
doubling
of
fyles
to
either
hand
)
:
and
the
last
Wheeling
(
as
by
conversion
or
turning
to
either
hand
)
all
which
must
be
performed
as
occasion
shall
be
offered
to
the
vnderstanding
of
the
Commander
,
observing
every
motion
in
true
order
,
place
,
distance
,
and
posture
.
All
other
motions
in
the
mayne
body
of
a
Battalia
being
nothing
but
the
parents
of
disorder
and
confe●sion
;
〈…〉
Art
,
by
the
opinions
of
the
Auncients●
is
o●●ly
the
true
Science
of
Warlike
Motion
,
of
the
Emperiall
Art
of
comely
and
well
ordering
of
Battayle●
,
Armes
,
Gestures
,
and
Motions
,
any
of
which
will
not
indure
monstrou●
shape●
〈…〉
.
Words
of
particular
motion
.
Next
vnto
these
words
of
generall
Motions
,
wee
will
place
the
words
of
particular
Motions
,
which
onely
concerne
the
manage
,
vse
,
and
carriage
of
weapons
.
And
these
kinde
of
Motions
are
called
in
one
present
discipline
Postures
,
What
Postures
are
.
that
is
,
The
true
〈◊〉
of
men
in
Armes
,
carrying
all
manner
of
mar●●all
weapons
(
in
every
Motion
whatsoever
)
in
the
comeliest
,
●●ad
i●
〈◊〉
,
and
easiest
way
both
to
〈…〉
,
and
not
onely
making
everything
〈…〉
very
deligh●full
to
the
eye
,
but
also
taking
away
all
dangers
and
disorders
which
might
otherwise
happen
,
either
through
igno●an●e
or
rudenesse
.
To
speake
then
first
of
those
Postures
which
belong
vnto
the
Pike
,
The
Postures
of
the
Pike
.
and
are
published
by
the
most
excellent
Prince
,
the
Count
Ma●rice
of
〈◊〉
,
Prince
of
Orange
;
they
are
in
number
●●●●one
;
That
is
to
say
,
three
which
are
exprest
standing●●ixe
ma●ching
,
and
seaven
charging
.
The
three
which
are
exprest
standing
,
are
—
-
Lay
downe
your
Pike
.
-
Take
vp
your
Pike
.
-
Order
your
Pike
.
The
sixe
which
are
to
be
done
marching●
are
—
-
Advance
your
Pike
.
-
Shoulde●●
your
Pike
.
-
Levell
your
Pike
.
-
Sloape
your
Pike
.
-
Cheeke
your
Pike
.
-
Trayle
your
Pike
.
The
seauen
which
are
done
charging
,
are
—
-
Port
over
hand
.
-
Port
vnder-hand
.
-
Charge
over-hand
.
-
Charge
vnder-hand
.
-
Couch
over-hand
.
-
Couch
vnder-hand
.
-
Charge
against
the
right
foote
,
and
t●●aw
yo●●●●ord
over-arme
.
As
touching
the
Postures
which
belong
to
the
Musquet
,
The
Postures
of
the
Musquet
.
they
are
fortie
in
n●mber
,
and
are
to
be
done
;
Fiue
standing
;
three
marching
;
eight-teene
charging
;
and
fourteene
discharging
:
And
are
onely
for
Military
Instruction
in
the
time
of
Trayning
,
and
to
make
the
Souldier
most
exquisite
and
perfect
.
But
in
the
time
of
present
Service
before
the
face
of
the
enemy
,
or
in
fight
,
then
all
this
great
number
of
Postures
,
the
Captaine
shall
reduce
into
three
onely
and
no
more
.
The
three
Postures
or
words
of
Command
,
which
are
vsed
for
the
Musquet
in
the
face
of
the
enemie
,
in
Fight
,
or
in
Skirmish
,
are
these
—
-
Postures
in
Smirmish
.
1.
Make
readie
.
-
2.
Present
.
-
3.
Giue
fire
.
Postures
in
exercising
.
The
Postures
or
words
of
Command
which
are
vsed
in
ordinary
Trayning
,
or
daily
exercising
of
the
Souldiers
,
are
these
following
—
First
there
are
fiue
to
be
performed
standing
.
—
That
is
to
say
—
-
Put
on
your
Armes
.
-
Prepare
your
Skirmish
.
-
Rest
your
Musquet
.
-
Your
Sentinell
Posture
.
-
Your
Saluting
Posture
.
The
Postures
which
are
to
be
performed
in
Marching
are
these
—
-
Shoulder
your
Musquet
,
and
carry
your
Rest
in
the
right
hand
.
-
Levell
your
Musquet
.
-
Sloape
your
Musquet
.
The
Postures
which
are
to
be
performed
in
Charging
,
are
these
—
-
Cleare
your
Pann
.
-
Prime
your
Pann
.
-
Shut
your
Pann
.
-
Cast
off
your
loose
Cornes
.
-
Blow
your
Pann
.
-
Cast
about
your
Musquet
,
with
both
your
hands
,
and
trayle
your
Rest.
-
Open
your
Charges
.
-
Charge
your
Musquet
with
Powder
.
-
Draw
out
your
Scowring
sticke
.
-
Shorten
your
sticke
.
-
Ramme
in
your
powder
.
-
Draw
out
your
sticke
.
-
Charge
with
Bullet
.
-
Ramme
in
your
Bullet
.
-
Draw
out
your
sticke
.
-
Shorten
your
sticke
and
put
it
vp
.
-
Bring
your
Musquet
forward
with
your
left
hand
.
-
Hold
it
vp
with
your
right
hand
,
and
recover
your
Rest.
The
Postures
which
are
to
be
performed
in
Discharging
,
are
these
—
-
Carrie
your
Rest
in
your
left
hand
,
preparing
to
giue
fire
.
-
Sloape
your
Musquet
,
and
let
the
Rest
sinke
.
-
In
the
right
hand
poyze
your
Musquet
.
-
In
the
left
hand
carrie
the
Musquet
,
with
the
Rest.
-
In
the
right
hand
take
your
Match
betweene
the
second
finger
and
the
thumbe
.
-
Hold
the
Match
fast
and
blow
it
.
-
Cocke
your
Match
.
-
Trie
your
Match
.
-
Guard
the
Pann
and
blow
your
Ma●ch
.
-
Open
your
Pann
.
-
Present
your
Musquet
.
-
Giue
fire
.
-
Dismount
your
Musquet
and
carrie
it
with
the
Rest.
-
Vncocke
your
Match
and
put
it
vp
betweene
your
fingers
.
Of
the
Hargobus
.
Now
touching
the
Postures
of
the
Hargobus
,
I
hold
it
needlesse
here
to
insist
or
stand
vpon
them
,
since
they
are
all
one
with
the
Musquet
,
(
the
Rest
onely
excepted
)
and
whosoeuer
is
a
good
Musquetier
cannot
chuse
but
be
a
good
Hargeletier
.
And
therefore
I
referre
it
to
mo●s
particular
practise
.
And
to
make
a
Connexion
of
all
that
is
before
sayd
,
Repetition
by
way
of
advise
.
I
would
wish
euery
industrious
Teacher
,
first
to
respect
his
men
;
then
their
Armes
,
and
to
sort
and
place
each
man
according
to
his
worth
and
cunning
,
not
his
wealth
or
birth
;
Then
for
his
lessons
,
first
to
bring
him
to
an
exquisite
readinesse
in
the
Postures
,
and
true
manage
of
weapons
;
Next
to
make
him
know
all
the
Sounds
or
Beatings
of
the
Dr●mme
.
Thirdly
,
the
●rue
distance
of
places
and
orderly
proportions
:
Fourthly
,
the
execution
thereof
in
all
manner
of
Marches
and
Motions
.
And
lastly
,
a
generall
performance
of
all
that
hath
beene
spoken
in
the
practise
of
Skirmishes
and
alteration
of
Battalions
.
So
shall
men
become
readie
and
not
confused
,
as
many
are
by
silken
and
simple
Tutors
,
who
striue
to
teach
many
things
together
,
but
nothing
in
order
.
Now
for
as
much
as
dignitie
of
places
is
a
most
needfull
Knowledge
for
every
Commander
,
The
Dignitie
of
places
.
both
for
the
adornment
of
the
Band
,
and
the
incouragement
of
the
well
deserving
Souldier
,
I
will
shew
you
here
a
Table
,
containing
the
honor
and
dignitie
of
places●
as
they
haue
beene
observed
by
the
most
auncient
Masters
of
Martiall
discipline
.
The
Vse
.
NOw
for
the
Vse
of
this
Table
,
The
vse
of
the
Table
.
you
shall
vnderstand
,
that
the
figure
1.
which
standeth
on
the
right
hand
,
is
the
Leader
of
the
right
hand
Fyle
,
and
so
the
first
and
chiefest
man
in
the
Battalia
,
and
that
whole
Ranke
in
which
it
standeth
is
the
Front
,
so
called
,
because
the
faces
of
the
whole
Companie
are
directed
one
way
,
and
also
every
man
in
that
Ranke
is
called
the
Leader
or
Captaine
of
the
Fyle
he
leadeth
.
The
figure
2.
which
leadeth
the
left
hand
Fyle
is
the
second
man
.
And
the
figure
3.
(
which
is
in
the
Reare
)
because
there
the
backes
are
turned
,
is
the
third
man
,
and
the
whole
Ranke
in
which
it
standeth
is
called
the
Reare
,
or
the
Bringers
vp
.
Then
the
figure
4.
is
the
fourth
man
,
&
so
forth
according
to
the
number
of
the
figures
,
are
the
dignities
of
the
places
.
Leaders
of
middle
fyles
.
Now
here
is
also
to
be
noted
in
this
Table
,
that
the
figure
17.
standing
in
the
Front
,
is
the
Leader
of
the
middle
fyle
to
the
left
Flanke
;
and
the
figure
18.
Leader
of
the
middle
fyle
to
the
right
Flanke
;
and
so
are
called
Leaders
of
the
mayne
devision
.
Middlemen
to
the
Front
and
Reare
.
The
fifth
Ranke
from
the
Front
downeward
towards
the
Reare
,
are
called
Middlemen
to
the
reare
,
and
the
sixt
Rank
are
called
Middlemen
to
the
front
,
or
the
Leaders
of
halfe
fyles
.
Subdevisionmen
.
Lastly
,
whensoever
this
Bodie
,
or
any
other
whatsoever
(
which
containeth
but
ten
persons
in
fyle
)
shall
be
devided
in
the
midst
betweene
the
Middle-men
,
then
the
last
fiue
Rankes
to
the
Reareward
are
called
by
the
name
of
Subdevision
.
And
whensoever
the
Reare
shall
double
the
Front
,
then
are
the
Reare
called
Bringers
vp
,
because
they
bring
vp
their
halfe
Fyles
by
Sequence
.
These
Rules
knit
vnto
memorie
,
and
practised
with
care
and
diligence
,
will
make
any
Souldier
perfect
in
the
first
sixe
parts
of
Martiall
discipline
;
The
first
sixe
parts
in
Martiall
discipline
as
Election
of
men
;
Sorting
of
Armes
;
March
or
Motion
;
Distance
;
Posture
;
and
lastly
,
the
beatings
of
the
Drumme
.
Now
to
these
I
will
adde
a
little
touch
or
Essay
,
Carriage
,
election
,
and
composition
of
Colours
.
touching
the
Carriage
,
Election
,
and
Composition
of
Captaines
colours
,
or
Ensignes
,
which
is
the
honorable
Badge
or
Marke
of
every
Captaine
,
and
in
which
both
of
late
here
at
home
,
and
also
formerly
in
forraine
Nations
.
I
haue
seene
as
grosse
absurdities
,
as
any
malice
would
wish
to
see
in
the
folly
of
his
Enemy
,
which
doubtlesse
must
proceed
from
ignorance
,
since
no
Master
of
Reason
would
be
guiltie
of
his
owne
iniurie
.
You
shall
therefore
vnderstand
,
Mixture
of
Colours
.
that
all
Colours
belonging
vnto
private
Captaines
,
ought
to
be
mixt
equally
of
two
severall
Colours
,
that
is
to
say
,
(
according
to
the
rule
in
Herauldry
)
of
Colour
and
Mettall
,
and
not
Colour
on
Colour
,
as
Greene
and
Red
,
or
Blew
and
Blacke
,
or
such
like
,
nor
yet
Mettall
on
Mettall
,
as
White
and
Yellow
,
or
Orrengtawnie
and
White
,
for
Colours
so
borne
shew
Bastardie
,
Pesantrie
,
or
dishonor
.
Now
in
the
Corner
which
is
next
to
the
vpper
poynt
of
the
staffe
,
he
shall
car●ie
in
a
faire
large
square
,
or
Canton
,
containing
a
sixt
part
of
the
Colours
,
a
plaine
red
Crosse
in
a
white
Field
(
which
is
the
Ensigne
of
our
Kingdome
of
England
.
)
If
the
Colours
doe
belong
to
a
Colonell
,
Colonells
Colours
.
they
shall
then
be
all
of
one
entire
Colour
,
or
one
Mettall
,
onely
the
red
Crosse
,
or
Ensigne
of
the
Kingdome
shall
be
in
his
due
place
,
Superior
Officers
Colors
.
as
aforesaid
.
If
they
belong
to
a
Colonell
generall
,
to
the
Lord
Marshall
of
the
Field
,
or
any
such
Superior
Officer
,
then
they
shall
be
all
of
one
entire
Colour
,
or
Mettall
,
and
the
red
Crosse
or
Ensigne
of
the
Kingdome
,
shall
be
in
a
verie
little
square
or
Canton
,
as
in
a
twelft
part
of
the
Field
,
or
lesse
if
it
please
them
.
But
if
they
belong
to
the
Generall
of
the
Field
,
then
they
shall
be
of
one
entire
Colour
or
Mettall
,
without
any
red
Crosse
at
all
,
as
was
before
sayd
.
Thus
much
touching
the
generall
Composition
and
Carriage
of
Colours
.
Where
Gentlemen
may
finde
their
Colours
.
Now
for
a
more
particular
election
and
vse
therof
,
you
shall
vnderstand
,
that
every
Gentleman
of
Coate-Armour
(
being
a
private
Captaine
)
ought
to
carry
for
his
Colours
,
those
two
principall
Colours
which
are
contained
in
his
Coate-Armour
,
being
the
Field
and
the
chiefe
charge
thereof
;
which
that
no
Ignorance
may
be
busie
to
find
out
,
they
are
evermore
contained
in
the
Bandrole
,
vpon
which
his
Crest
standeth
:
Being
indeed
a
true
type
or
figure
of
his
Colours
wreathed
together
,
as
the
Support
of
his
honor
.
Now
in
as
much
as
Captaines
are
not
all
Gentlemen
of
Coare-Armour
,
and
so
take
vnto
themselues
(
in
these
dayes
)
a
more
particular
freedome
,
affirming
that
honor
is
not
Buckled
to
them
,
but
to
their
vertues
.
And
that
vertue
consists
not
in
the
same
of
Auncestors
,
but
in
their
owne
Actions
,
and
defences
of
their
Countries
,
Mistresses
,
Widdowes
,
and
the
Oppressed
:
And
so
may
suite
or
elect
their
Colours
,
according
to
their
hopes
or
imaginations
.
Taking
(
as
it
were
)
their
honor
from
the
parties
they
most
reverence
(
which
is
a
Paradoxe
easily
confuted
.
)
I
will
here
first
shew
you
the
nature
and
signification
of
Colours
.
And
then
some
particular
offences
,
in
which
an
indifferent
mixture
being
made
,
the
Composition
must
needs
be
noble
and
wholesome
.
You
shall
first
then
vnderstand
,
that
there
be
in
Military
honor
nine
severall
faces
,
or
Complexions
,
that
is
to
say
,
two
which
be
called
Mettals
,
as
Yellow
and
White
,
figuring
Gold
and
Silver
,
and
●eaven
,
which
are
called
proper
Colours
,
as
Blacke
,
Blew
,
Red
,
Greene
,
Purple
,
Tunnis
,
and
Ermine
;
figuring
seaven
precious
stones
,
of
whose
natures
here
to
speake
were
tedious
and
needlesse
,
and
of
these
,
as
before
I
said
,
mettall
may
not
be
carried
on
mettall
,
nor
Colour
vpon
Colour
.
Now
for
the
significations
of
these
mettalls
and
Colours
,
you
shall
vnderstand
,
that
Yellow
betokneth
Honor
,
or
height
of
spirit
,
which
being
never
seperate
from
vertue
,
of
all
things
is
most
iealous
of
of
disgrace
,
and
may
not
indure
the
least
shadow
of
Imputation
.
White
signifieth
Innocence
or
puritie
of
Conscience
,
Truth
,
and
an
vpright
integritie
without
blemish
.
Blacke
signifieth
Wisedome
and
Sobrietie
,
together
with
a
severe
correction
of
too
much
Ambition
,
being
mixt
with
yellow
,
or
too
much
Beliefe
and
Le●itie
,
being
joyned
with
White
.
Blew
signifieth
Faith
,
Constancie
,
or
truth
in
Affection
.
Red
signifieth
Iustice
,
or
noble
and
worthy
Anger
,
in
defence
of
Religion
,
or
the
Oppressed
.
Greene
signifieth
good
Hope
,
or
the
accomplishment
of
holy
and
honorable
Actions
.
Purple
signifieth
Fortitude
with
discretion
,
or
a
most
true
discharge
of
any
Trust
reposed
.
Tunnis
,
or
Tawnie
,
signifieth
Merit
,
or
desert
,
and
a
foe
to
Ingratitude
.
Ermine
(
which
is
onely
a
rich
Furre
with
curious
spots
)
signifieth
Religion
,
or
holinesse
,
and
that
all
aymes
are
not
devine
obiects
.
Now
from
these
Colours
,
and
their
mixtures
,
are
derived
many
bastard
and
dishonorable
Colors
,
as
Carnation
,
Orengtawnie
,
Popeniay
,
and
such
like
,
all
which
haue
bastardly
significations
,
as
Craft
,
pride
,
wantonnesse
,
and
such
like
;
of
which
who
so
is
desirous
to
vnderstand
,
let
him
looke
into
Du
Tillet
,
and
other
French
Authors
,
and
he
shall
gaine
satisfaction
.
For
mine
owne
part
,
since
they
appertaine
not
vnto
honor
,
I
will
here
omit
them
,
and
to
those
free
spirits
that
haue
gaind
these
noble
places
;
from
these
considerations
leaue
them
to
their
owne
Elections
,
and
Compositions
,
with
these
few
advertisements
following
.
First
,
He
that
in
his
Colours
shall
carry
full
Coate-Armour
,
doth
indiscreetly
;
for
he
puts
that
honor
to
hazzard
,
which
he
may
with
more
honor
keepe
in
safetie
,
and
inticeth
his
enemie
by
such
ostentation
to
darre
beyond
his
owne
nature
.
He
that
in
his
Colours
beareth
any
one
blacke
spot●
and
no
more
;
if
it
be
round
,
square
,
or
of
any
equall
proportion
,
it
shewes
some
blemish
in
the
owner
,
and
that
his
life
is
not
voyde
of
some
notorious
scandall
.
If
the
spot
be
of
vnequall
proportion
,
that
is
,
longer
or
broader
one
way
then
another
,
it
signifieth
Funerall
,
or
deadly
Revenge
;
for
such
a
spot
is
called
an
Hearse
.
He
that
carryeth
a
Word
in
his
Colours
without
a
devise
,
carrieth
a
Soule
without
a
Bodie
.
He
that
carrieth
a
devise
without
a
Word
,
carrieth
a
Bodie
without
a
Soule
.
He
that
carrieth
both
Word
and
devise
,
carrieth
both
Soule
and
Bodie
,
yet
if
the
devise
carrie
any
humane
shape
,
it
is
a
grosse
Bodie
,
and
if
the
Word
containe
aboue
three
or
foure
words
at
the
most
(
except
it
be
the
latter
end
,
or
beginning
of
some
Verse
)
it
is
an
imperfect
Soule
:
But
if
both
Word
and
devise
be
compleate
;
That
is
,
Empresa
and
not
Embleme
,
yea
they
are
much
fitter
for
Maskes
,
Triumphes
,
or
Pageants
,
then
the
Field
,
or
reall
Action
;
for
the
true
mixture
of
Colours
is
devise
enough
for
every
Foote
Souldier
.
He
that
carrieth
more
Colours
then
two
,
except
it
be
some
small
dash
for
an
especiall
note
,
or
the
Ensigne
of
severall
Kingdomes
,
carrieth
a
surcharge
,
and
it
is
esteemed
the
Ensigne
of
Folly
.
Now
to
conclude
and
knit
vp
this
sleight
Discourse
,
with
the
true
Cement
which
bindeth
all
the
former
duties
faithfully
together
,
every
Souldier
must
especially
regard
obedience
,
a
worke
which
is
contained
in
three
Circumstances
,
and
every
Circumstance
adorned
with
an
especiall
vertue
.
The
first
is
Reverence
from
the
Inferior
to
the
Superior
,
in
which
is
expressed
Loue
.
The
second
,
a
Readinesse
to
take
directions
,
and
a
willingnesse
to
be
commanded
,
which
is
a
performance
of
dutie
:
and
the
last
,
in
the
allowing
of
his
Captaines
Opinion
,
and
approving
his
Iudgement
;
which
is
a
certaine
Character
of
modestie
,
wisedome
,
and
discretion
.
For
that
Captaine
cannot
be
sayd
to
be
perfect
,
that
wants
vertue
worthie
of
Reverence
;
Authoritie
fit
for
commandment
,
or
Experience
able
to
direct
and
censure
his
Actions
.
And
he
that
hath
these
,
hath
that
Sufficiencie
,
that
to
disobay
,
is
to
die
,
as
witnesseth
all
the
best
of
the
Romanes
,
who
never
spared
any
in
that
capitall
and
grosse
trespasse
of
absurd
disobedience
.
And
to
this
I
must
also
adde
,
that
the
tyrannie
of
Captaines
in
commanding
with
too
great
rigor
,
is
as
offensiue
as
the
former
disobedience
:
For
as
Montaigne
saith
;
The
Authoritie
of
them
which
teach
,
often
hinders
those
that
would
learne
.
And
therefore
nothing
like
manly
Courtesie
doth
become
a
Commander
.