A
MOST
CERTAINE
AND
TRVE
RELATION
OF
A
STRANGE
MONSTER
OR
SERPENT
Found
in
the
left
Ventricle
of
the
heart
of
IOHN
PENNANT
,
Gentleman
,
of
the
age
of
21.
yeares
.
By
Edward
May
Doctor
of
Philosophy
and
Physick
,
and
professor
Elect
of
them
,
in
the
Colledge
of
the
Academy
of
Noble-men
,
called
the
Musaeum
Minervae
:
Physitian
also
extraordinary
unto
her
most
Sacred
Majesty
,
Queene
of
great
Brittany
,
&c.
LONDON
.
Printed
by
George
Miller
,
MDCXXXIX
.
TO
THE
RIGHT
HONOVRABLE
LORD
AND
highly
renowned
Peere
of
this
Kingdome
,
EDWARD
Earle
of
Dorset
,
&c.
Knight
of
the
most
Noble
order
of
the
garter
,
Lord
High
Chamberlaine
unto
her
most
Soveraigne
Majesty
,
QVEENE
of
great
Brittane
,
&c.
And
one
of
the
Lords
of
his
Majesties
most
honourable
privy
Councell
.
Edward
May
wisheth
all
health
and
glory
.
My
LORD
,
FOR
this
Treatise
I
seeke
no
patronage
,
for
if
the
Relation
and
the
Author
cannot
defend
themselves
,
let
them
both
suffer
.
A
Swallow
flies
better
then
a
Swanne
,
though
his
wing
be
lesse
:
And
one
little
Diamond
will
buy
17.
of
those
stones
that
were
drawne
to
S.
Paules
Church
of
17.
Tunnes
:
yet
whether
this
Description
of
mine
be
good
,
or
great
,
worthy
or
otherwise
,
it
is
not
dedicated
to
your
Honour
as
a
matter
presuming
towards
your
worth
,
or
presence
,
but
as
a
publike
obligation
in
the
face
of
the
world
,
of
my
future
and
more
solid
gratitude
:
You
have
honoured
me
before
the
Noble
Peeres
,
and
highest
Councellors
of
the
Kingdome
:
You
have
otherwise
done
me
reall
favours
,
what
am
I
,
or
what
is
in
me
that
you
have
not
conquered
?
and
not
by
these
benefits
to
me
only
,
but
these
many
yeares
my
observations
of
your
most
Noble
nature
,
your
more
then
humane
partes
,
your
vast
and
incredible
comprehension
of
all
things
,
both
essentiall
and
accidentall
to
your
place
and
dignity
.
Your
innumerable
merits
and
that
universall
acclamation
of
all
men
whatsoever
,
have
made
me
,
more
your
humble
servant
then
you
know
,
and
when
after
a
short
space
God
shall
giue
me
to
sit
a
little
quiet
,
tending
mine
own
affaires
,
your
Lordship
shall
see
,
not
by
my
writings
but
by
my
doings
,
that
I
am
more
your
Lordships
then
any
French
or
thrice
devoted
servant
.
A
Preface
to
the
Reader
.
WHat
my
designes
are
in
the
publishing
of
this
History
,
the
Reader
may
finde
every
where
in
it
,
to
be
no
other
then
the
Conservation
of
the
workes
of
God
,
and
nature
,
and
preservation
of
men
:
but
for
the
Printing
of
it
in
English
,
I
have
neither
end
nor
intent
:
For
these
two
yeares
it
hath
beene
neglected
by
me
,
and
perused
up
and
downe
in
the
hands
of
the
best
,
and
best
learned
,
who
have
desired
satisfaction
,
touching
so
rare
an
ostent
:
for
the
young
Gentleman
in
whom
it
was
found
,
deceased
the
6t.
of
October
,
in
the
yeare
of
our
Lord
,
1637.
My
intention
in
this
Description
was
for
the
Continent
,
and
not
for
our
Ilands
only
,
wherefore
J
stayed
my
hand
till
some
opportunity
to
publish
some
other
Lattine
Treatises
of
mine
owne
with
it
;
which
many
yeares
have
beene
desired
:
But
now
this
being
still
out
of
my
hands
,
and
licensed
for
the
presse
before
any
notice
given
me
;
for
the
satisfaction
of
our
own
nation
,
and
for
the
benefit
of
them
who
desired
the
printing
of
it
,
I
have
freely
given
way
to
pleasure
any
who
shall
desire
to
read
it
:
wherefore
if
Pla●onicall
and
specificall
Jdeas
doe
correspond
:
and
the
readers
honest
mind
answer
my
sincere
truth
and
good
wishes
,
I
have
my
end
.
The
Contents
.
-
§
.
1.
THe
Preface
.
-
§
.
2.
The
History
it selfe
.
-
§
.
3.
The
Occasion
of
this
description
:
and
who
were
present
.
-
§
.
4.
How
Hippocrates
and
the
Ancients
are
to
be
understood
,
who
said
that
the
heart
was
not
subject
to
any
disease
:
as
also
an
enumeration
of
diseases
of
the
heart
.
-
§
.
5.
How
such
Monsters
are
begotten
or
bred
in
the
heart
.
-
§
.
6.
That
these
strange
generations
are
caused
by
the
Temperament
individuall
.
-
§
.
7.
What
light
and
helpe
men
may
have
by
such
relations
,
and
such
resolution
of
this
difficulty
as
in
the
former
Paragraph
is
set
downe
:
and
how
that
in
latent
causes
some
exteriour
signature
,
or
beames
discover
the
disease
.
-
§
8.
That
all
creatures
,
things
in
the
world
,
and
diseases
have
their
radij
,
as
well
as
the
Starres
of
Heaven
:
prooved
by
Frier
Bacon
,
and
that
most
learned
Philosopher
Alkindus
,
and
by
reasons
and
experience
,
and
that
there
is
no
action
but
per
radios
,
and
that
there
is
no
action
immediatione
suppositi
,
but
onely
immediatione
virtutis
.
-
§
.
9.
How
some
Phisitians
have
prescribed
against
such
diseases
.
-
§
.
10.
One
reason
why
these
occult
maladies
are
so
seldome
found
,
and
never
cured
:
the
many
benefits
of
frequent
dissections
.
Errata
.
Pag.
2.
lin.
12.
put
in
to
.
p.
4.
l.
37.
reade
Caprizant
,
l.
38.
open
.
p
13.
l.
25.
Aorts
.
p.
12.
l.
16.
yet
.
p.
19.
l.
3.
conventu
concitiata
.
p
27.
l.
25
Kirannides
.
p.
28.
l.
7.
discovered
.
32.
l.
14.
Regulus
●…atus
l.
21.
essentiator
.
depiction of heart with parasitic worm
depiction of parasitic worm
That
the
7.
of
October
,
this
1637
an
Embrion
of
this
forme
and
dimentions
,
as
is
here
described
was
found
in
the
left
Ventricle
of
the
heart
of
Iohn
Pennant
Gentleman
,
of
the
age
of
21.
yeares
,
or
thereabouts
,
Wee
who
saw
it
testifie
under
our
hands
:
-
Edward
May
Doctor
of
Physick
.
-
Iacob
Heydon
Surgeon
.
-
Elizabeth
Herris
Aunt
unto
the
said
Iohn
Pennant
.
-
Dorothy
Pennant
Mother
to
the
said
Iohn
Pennant
.
-
Richard
Berry
.
-
Mrs.
Gentlemans
marke
.
This
is
my
wives
marke
I
testify
.
George
Gentleman
.
TO
THE
RIGHT
WORSHIPFVLL
SIR
THEODORE
MAIHERNE
KNIGHT
,
CHIEFE
PHYSITIAN
UNTO
HIS
MOST
Soveraigne
Majesty
,
KING
of
great
Brittany
,
&c.
Edward
May
wisheth
all
health
.
§.
I.
SIR
,
AMong
those
many
favours
you
have
afforded
me
,
your
private
,
sweet
,
most
familiar
and
long
Colloquies
with
me
have
been
singular
:
While
you
laying
aside
important
affaires
,
out
of
an
admirable
candour
and
love
to
Learning
,
(
in
which
few
excell
you
)
vouchsafe
sometimes
to
treate
with
me
concerning
occult
Philosophy
and
most
sacred
medicines
:
In
one
of
which
meetings
,
as
I
had
laid
open
what
I
had
found
in
the
Sinister
Ventricle
of
the
heart
of
a
young
Gentleman
,
which
you
desired
me
to
describe
while
the
Species
were
yet
fresh
in
my
memory
,
as
others
many
both
Physitians
and
Friends
have
done
also
:
So
here
I
have
done
it
:
And
do
first
communicate
it
unto
your selfe
,
as
a
small
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
of
my
certaine
knowledge
of
your
great
and
admirable
perfections
in
many
Sciences
,
nececessary
him
who
is
Physitian
to
Princes
;
and
of
my
singular
estimation
of
them
:
As
also
to
sow
some
seeds
of
future
Discourses
,
both
new
and
worthy
of
that
saving
and
divine
Magick
which
we
both
professe
:
Well
knowing
that
good
use
may
bee
made
of
this
History
by
all
Physitians
,
and
profit
unto
many
,
as
I
have
partly
declared
in
the
Subsequents
.
It
is
an
ostent
and
prodigy
,
strange
and
incredible
which
J
am
to
paint
:
And
if
in
many
Physitians
of
best
esteeme
,
and
sincerity
I
had
not
found
Relations
very
like
it
,
mine
owne
heart
would
not
have
given
credit
to
mine
owne
eyes
and
hands
when
first
I
found
it
:
But
you
have
found
one
like
it
in
the
heart
of
a
Noble
Lord
;
but
when
you
have
seen
this
,
I
shall
know
whether
so
grown
,
or
of
this
forme
,
or
otherwise
:
Let
the
Vulgar
and
Ignorant
,
beleeve
it
,
or
not
believe
it
,
Physitians
and
knowing
men
(
as
you
do
)
will
receive
it
:
And
therefore
briefly
the
certaine
History
and
true
Relation
is
this
.
§.
2.
THe
seventh
of
October
this
yeare
current
,
1637
the
Lady
Herris
wife
unto
Sir
Francis
Herris
Knight
,
came
unto
me
and
desired
that
I
would
bring
a
Surgeon
with
me
,
to
dissect
the
body
of
her
Nephew
Iohn
Pennant
,
the
night
before
deceased
,
to
satisfie
his
friends
concerning
the
causes
of
his
long
sicknesse
and
of
his
death
:
And
that
his
mother
,
to
whom
my selfe
had
once
or
twice
given
helpe
some
yeares
before
concerning
the
Stone
,
might
be
ascertained
whether
her
Sonne
died
of
the
Stone
or
no
?
Upon
which
intreaty
I
sent
for
Master
Iacob
Heydon
Surgeon
,
dwelling
against
the
Castle
Taverne
behind
St.
Clements
Church
in
the
Strand
,
who
with
his
Man-Servant
came
unto
me
:
And
in
a
word
we
went
to
the
house
and
Chamber
where
the
dead
man
lay
:
We
dissected
the
naturall
Region
and
found
the
bladder
of
the
young
man
full
of
purulent
and
ulcerous
matter
:
The
upper
parts
of
it
broken
,
and
all
of
it
rotten
:
The
right
kidney
quite
consumed
,
the
left
tumified
as
big
as
any
two
kidnies
,
and
full
of
sanious
matter
:
All
the
inward
and
carnose
parts
eaten
away
&
nothing
remaining
but
exteriour
skins
.
No
where
did
we
find
in
his
body
either
Stone
or
gravell
.
The
Spleen
and
Liver
not
affected
in
any
discernable
degree
,
only
part
of
the
Liver
was
growne
unto
the
Costall
membranes
,
by
reason
of
his
writing
profession
.
Wee
ascending
to
the
Vitall
Region
,
found
the
Lungs
reasonable
good
,
the
heart
more
globose
and
dilated
,
then
long
;
the
right
Ventricle
of
an
ashe
colour
shrivelled
,
and
wrinkled
like
a
leather
purse
without
money
,
and
not
any
thing
at
all
in
it
:
the
Pericardium
,
and
Nervous
Membrane
,
which
conteyneth
that
illustrious
liquour
of
the
Lungs
,
in
which
the
heart
doth
bath
its
selfe
,
was
quite
dried
also
:
The
left
Ventricle
of
the
heart
,
being
felt
by
the
Surgions
hand
,
appeared
to
him
to
be
as
hard
as
a
stone
,
and
much
greater
then
the
right
:
which
upon
the
first
sight
gave
us
some
cause
of
wonder
,
seeing
(
as
you
know
)
the
right
Ventricle
is
much
greater
then
the
left
:
Wherefore
I
wished
M.
Heydon
to
make
incision
,
upon
which
issued
out
a
very
great
quantity
of
blood
;
and
to
speake
the
whole
verity
,
all
the
blood
that
was
in
his
body
left
,
was
gathered
to
the
left
Ventricle
,
and
contayned
in
it
[
](A07320-e11190-b)*
*
Here
those
men
may
be
handsomely
questioned
(
who
say
that
the
pulse
is
nothing
else
but
the
impulse
,
of
blood
into
the
Arteryes
or
the
Systole
of
the
heart
)
what
was
become
of
the
pulse
in
this
man
all
the
while
that
the
whole
blood
betooke
it selfe
into
the
h●art
,
here
was
either
a
living
man
without
pulse
,
or
pulse
without
the
Systole
of
the
heart
.
For
what
could
the
arteryes
receive
where
nothing
was
to
be
received
?
or
how
could
there
be
pulse
where
was
no
impulse
into
the
arteryes
?
The
pulse
the
doubtlesse
●s
from
another
cause
,
and
is
a
farre
other
matter
then
most
men
conceive
:
for
there
are
in
a
sound
man
4450
pulsations
in
an
houre
,
in
a
sicke
man
sometimes
in
some
percute
fevers
and
diseases
above
35600
,
and
more
,
which
cannot
be
from
so
many
severall
expressions
and
receptions
of
blood
;
for
it
is
impossible
the
heart
should
make
compression
,
and
the
arteryes
apartion
,
so
often
in
that
space
.
Nay
in
Dicrot
:
Capizant
.
and
other
inordinate
pulses
,
diverse
pulses
strike
in
lesse
space
then
the
mouth
of
an
arterey
can
goe
,
much
more
then
in
lesse
times
then
it
can
open
,
shut
,
and
open
againe
,
which
3.
acts
are
requisite
to
the
beginning
of
a
second
pulse
.
But
of
this
I
have
largely
treated
in
my
3
,
Booke
De
Febribus
.
No
sooner
was
that
Ventricle
emptied
,
but
M.
Heydon
still
complaining
of
the
greatnesse
and
hardnesse
of
the
same
,
my selfe
seeming
to
neglect
his
words
,
because
the
left
Ventricle
is
thrice
as
thicke
of
flesh
as
the
right
is
in
sound
men
for
conservation
of
Vitall
Spirits
;
I
directed
him
to
an
other
disquisition
:
but
he
keeping
his
hand
still
upon
the
heart
,
would
not
leave
it
,
but
said
againe
that
it
was
of
a
strange
greatnesse
and
hardnesse
;
whereupon
I
desired
him
to
cut
the
Orifice
wider
:
by
which
meanes
we
presently
perceived
a
carnouse
substance
,
as
it
seemed
to
us
wreathed
together
in
foldes
like
a
worme
or
Serpent
,
the
selfe
same
forme
expressed
in
the
first
Iconography
:
at
which
we
both
much
wondred
,
and
I
intreated
him
to
seperate
it
from
the
heart
,
which
he
did
,
and
wee
carryed
it
from
the
body
to
the
window
,
and
there
layed
it
out
,
in
those
just
dimensions
which
are
here
expressed
in
the
second
figure
.
The
body
was
white
of
the
very
colour
of
the
whitest
skin
of
mans
body
:
but
the
skin
was
bright
and
shining
,
as
if
it
had
beene
varnished
over
;
the
head
all
bloody
,
and
so
like
the
head
of
a
Serpent
,
that
the
Lady
Herris
then
shivered
to
see
it
,
and
since
hath
often
spoken
it
,
that
she
was
inwardly
troubled
at
it
,
because
the
head
of
it
was
so
truely
like
the
head
of
a
Snake
.
The
thighes
and
branches
were
of
flesh
colour
,
as
also
all
these
fibraes
,
strings
,
nerves
,
or
whatsoever
else
they
were
.
After
much
contemplation
and
conjectures
what
strange
thing
that
part
of
the
heart
had
brought
forth
unto
us
,
I
resolved
to
try
the
certainty
,
and
to
make
full
exploration
,
both
for
mine
owne
experience
and
satisfaction
,
as
also
to
give
true
testimony
to
others
that
should
heare
of
it
:
And
thereupon
I
searched
all
parts
of
it
,
to
finde
whether
it
were
a
pituitose
and
bloody
Collection
,
or
the
like
:
Or
a
true
organicall
body
,
and
Conception
:
J
first
searched
the
head
and
found
it
of
a
thicke
substance
,
bloody
and
glandulous
about
the
necke
,
somewhat
broken
,
(
as
J
conceived
)
by
a
sudden
or
violent
separation
of
it
from
the
heart
,
which
yet
seemed
to
me
to
come
from
it
easily
enough
.
The
body
I
searched
likewise
with
a
bodkin
betweene
the
Leggs
or
Thighs
,
and
I
found
it
perforate
,
or
hollow
,
and
a
solid
body
,
to
the
very
length
of
a
silver
bodkin
,
as
is
here
described
:
At
which
the
Spectators
wondered
.
And
as
not
crediting
me
,
some
of
them
tooke
the
bodkin
after
me
,
made
triall
themselves
,
and
remained
satisfied
,
that
there
was
a
gut
,
Veine
or
Artery
,
or
some
such
Analogicall
thing
that
was
to
serve
that
Monster
for
uses
naturall
:
Amongst
whom
the
Lady
Herris
and
the
Surgian
made
tryall
after
me
with
their
owne
hands
,
and
have
given
their
hands
that
this
Relation
is
true
.
This
Lady
dwelleth
at
the
signe
of
the
Sugar
loafe
in
S.
Iames
street
in
the
Convent
Garden
.
§.
3.
THis
strange
and
monstrous
Embryon
borne
in
the
said
Ventricle
,
which
as
Hippocrates
saith
is
nourished
neither
with
meats
nor
drinkes
,
Sed
purâ
&
illustri
substantia
,
taking
aliment
from
the
blood
purified
out
of
the
next
Cisterne
;
made
mee
(
importuned
with
other
occasions
then
)
to
leave
this
new
and
rare
Spectacle
in
the
charge
of
the
Surgion
,
who
had
a
great
desire
to
conserve
it
,
had
not
the
Mother
desired
that
it
should
be
buried
where
it
was
borne
;
saying
and
repeating
,
As
it
came
with
him
,
so
it
shall
goe
with
him
:
Wherefore
the
Mother
staying
in
the
place
departed
not
till
shee
had
seene
him
sow
it
up
againe
into
the
body
after
my
going
away
.
Which
as
soone
as
I
heard
,
I
presently
described
the
forme
of
it
at
home
,
inter
rariora
à
me
reperta
:
And
thus
this
History
had
alwayes
beene
buried
from
the
World
,
(
the
Mother
having
thus
buried
the
Creature
)
if
your selfe
and
others
had
not
desired
a
figure
and
narration
of
it
,
which
caused
me
to
take
the
hands
,
and
mindes
of
some
of
them
who
were
present
:
Who
being
nearest
the
young
man
,
were
most
likely
to
say
the
best
,
and
therefore
being
besides
people
of
good
fame
and
reputation
might
bee
credited
;
considering
that
they
would
say
nothing
at
all
either
against
their
owne
house
,
or
against
verity
more
then
what
apparent
and
cleare
truth
should
necessitate
them
unto
:
Which
from
themselves
and
under
their
hands
,
here
I
have
done
.
There
were
also
divers
others
,
such
as
dwelled
in
the
house
,
and
some
that
came
in
,
who
beheld
it
,
after
whom
I
have
no
leisure
to
enquire
:
But
such
who
will
scarce
believe
their
Creed
,
or
any
true
mans
word
,
or
that
men
have
senses
(
which
have
alwaies
beene
reputed
incorrupted
Witnesses
,
)
may
goe
into
the
high
buildings
upon
the
Street
in
Saint
Giles
Parish
,
and
at
the
corner
house
next
the
greene
Dragon
where
the
Young-man
died
;
they
may
make
further
inquisition
.
Since
which
time
the
Mother
hath
remooved
her selfe
into
Bloomesbury
neare
unto
the
house
of
one
Master
Nurse
,
who
directed
me
to
her
lodgings
;
a
man
well
knowne
in
all
that
Region
.
Mistris
Gentleman
dwelleth
neare
unto
S.
Clements
Church
in
the
Strand
,
and
the
Chirurgion
,
or
his
man
can
direct
them
to
the
house
.
Moreover
that
day
all
of
us
that
were
present
at
this
sight
related
to
our
friends
,
wives
,
or
husbands
what
we
had
found
,
as
they
will
testifie
.
The
History
therefore
being
verified
by
as
much
testimony
as
humane
perswasion
need
require
:
Except
nothing
but
oath
will
content
some
,
which
if
it
shall
be
found
necessary
to
Authority
:
It
will
most
readily
come
forth
also
and
obey
:
It
is
most
requisite
that
something
be
said
of
this
or
any
such
like
matters
generated
in
mans
heart
,
both
for
the
manner
of
their
generation
and
the
way
of
their
cure
,
and
by
what
means
such
rare
and
incredible
causes
of
death
may
bee
found
out
in
time
and
taken
away
.
§.
4.
SUch
matters
as
these
were
worthy
of
your selfe
,
and
a
man
of
your
long
experience
.
Yet
because
this
strange
generation
was
found
by
me
,
I
will
consult
with
your
learning
,
rather
then
by
any
hasty
resolution
,
determine
and
discourse
a
little
to
state
a
question
of
no
smal
difficulty
;
Hip
de
morbis
Avicen
l.
3.
se●
11.
since
Hippocrates
first
hath
given
the
occasion
,
which
was
this
;
Cor
nullo
morbo
laborat
:
the
heart
laboureth
of
no
disease
:
&
Prince
Avicen
,
cor
longinquum
anocumentis
,
the
heart
is
farr
remote
from
dangers
.
And
yet
contrary
to
these
:
Very
many
Physitians
enumerate
these
diseases
of
the
heart
;
the
Marasmus
,
Syncope
,
the
Cordiack
passion
Lypothymy
,
Apostems
,
Vlcers
,
Botheralia
,
Corrosion
of
Sublimate
;
and
I
dare
adde
,
diseases
which
afflict
the
heart
by
reason
of
distillations
from
the
head
in
some
who
have
had
the
unction
:
Tremors
also
and
palpitations
of
the
heart
;
as
Peter
Ebanus
in
his
Booke
de
Venenis
:
And
the
Paralysis
of
the
heart
,
as
old
Aurelianus
in
his
second
Booke
of
Slowpassions
:
After
Haerophylus
and
Erasistratus
have
observed
.
And
now
of
late
Skinkius
and
others
have
found
wormes
in
Cordis
capsulâ
,
which
is
the
Pericardium
:
But
I
speake
more
precisely
and
punctually
,
that
now
in
the
left
Ventricle
of
the
heart
,
this
Worme
or
Serpent
hath
beene
found
:
Which
the
Mother
of
the
Young-man
saith
,
was
at
least
of
three
yeares
growth
,
for
so
long
he
complained
of
his
breast
,
and
as
shee
saith
would
never
button
his
Doublet
in
the
Morning
,
but
be
open
breasted
in
all
weathers
,
till
he
had
washed
his
hands
and
face
,
and
was
subject
to
palpitations
.
Now
then
that
wee
may
judge
whether
Hippocrates
,
and
Avicen
direct
their
speeches
:
these
reasons
are
to
be
admitted
.
reason
1
First
,
from
the
situation
of
the
heart
,
in
medio
medij
pectoris
,
saith
Avicen
,
in
the
middle
of
the
middle
of
the
brest
:
which
Mathematically
is
not
true
:
for
so
the
basis
or
upper
part
,
or
caput
onely
is
placed
in
an
Equidistance
from
the
diaphragma
(
the
inferiour
furcula
,
)
and
the
Clanicula
,
(
and
the
furcula
superior
)
and
betweene
the
Vertebra
of
the
backe
and
the
anterior
Sternon
.
reason
2
The
Second
is
,
that
the
heart
dwelleth
in
a
strong
pannicle
,
and
such
an
one
,
that
non
invenitur
panniculus
compar
ei
in
spissitudine
,
ut
sit
ei
Clypeus
&
tutamen
:
Hip.
l.
de
Cord.
that
no
pannicle
is
comparable
unto
it
,
that
it
may
be
a
shield
and
defence
unto
the
heart
.
reason
3
Thirdly
,
Avicen
addeth
,
that
the
heart
it selfe
is
created
of
strong
flesh
,
that
it
may
be
longinquum
anocumentis
,
in
quo
contextae
sunt
species
villarum
fortium
:
Diverse
strong
strings
admirably
woven
together
do
bind
and
strengthen
the
heart
,
and
give
it
aptitude
for
motion
,
and
resistance
.
Hippocrates
long
before
Avicen
saith
the
same
,
and
things
of
greater
consequence
:
Cor
est
musculus
fortis
,
&c.
The
heart
is
a
strong
muscle
,
non
nervo
,
sed
densitate
carnis
&
constrictione
:
Hip.
ubi
supra
.
not
by
his
nervous
nature
,
but
by
solidity
of
flesh
and
constriction
:
And
in
the
heart
there
lye
hidden
diverse
skins
like
spiders
webs
extended
,
which
do
so
bind
and
shut
the
endes
of
the
forts
,
that
no
man
ignorant
,
knowes
how
to
take
out
the
heart
,
but
will
take
up
one
for
an
other
.
Neither
can
water
or
wind
penetrate
into
the
heart
:
and
more
;
Cor
tunicam
habet
circumdatam
,
&
est
in
ipsâ
humor
modicus
,
&c.
Vt
cor
sanum
in
custodiâ
floreseat
:
habet
autem
humiditatem
tantam
quanta
sat
is
est
aestuanti
in
medelam
:
hunc
humorem
cor
emungit
bibendo
ipsum
assumens
&
consumens
,
pulmonis
nimiram
potum
lambens
:
He
speakes
further
of
the
cover
called
the
Epiglottis
,
that
nothing
may
enter
that
way
but
what
is
convenient
;
So
that
seeing
the
heart
is
fortified
with
such
strength
of
ribbs
,
with
such
covers
,
such
skins
,
such
fortitude
of
substance
,
such
density
of
flesh
,
such
excellence
of
liquour
,
such
curious
filaments
,
that
nothing
can
enter
,
hurt
,
or
come
neere
the
heart
to
make
it
sicke
:
but
that
it
is
able
to
defend
it selfe
,
both
by
its
owne
situation
,
strength
,
and
happy
condition
in
very
many
respects
,
and
keepe
out
or
put
backe
whatsoever
also
by
force
shall
come
neere
unto
it
:
It
remaineth
that
the
heart
is
not
,
neither
can
be
subject
to
any
disease
,
or
at
least
not
easily
.
Yea
those
other
men
who
enumerate
the
diseases
of
the
heart
;
grant
,
as
chiefely
Valescus
de
Tharanta
and
the
Arabians
all
confesse
that
a
Syncope
hapneth
,
or
else
death
as
soone
as
any
disease
approacheth
,
or
hurt
toucheth
the
substance
of
the
heart
;
also
Avicen
,
Petrus
de
Ebano
relate
that
the
forementi-oned
diseases
kill
as
soone
as
any
of
them
touch
the
substance
of
the
heart
:
So
also
Herophylus
coefessed
that
sudden
death
followed
if
a
Paralysis
once
surprized
the
heart
:
And
for
Bothors
or
Phlegmo's
,
or
Erisipelas
or
the
like
,
they
say
that
they
are
diseases
of
the
heart
initiativè
only
,
and
not
subjectivè
,
to
dwell
there
any
time
.
And
indeed
I
am
fully
perswaded
that
the
heart
suffereth
a
marasmus
privativè
,
by
negation
of
due
transmission
from
other
parts
,
rather
then
that
marcor
should
follow
àd
cordis
substantiae
ariditatem
;
for
if
any
part
have
good
substance
in
it
,
the
heart
hath
;
and
therefore
Hippocrates
saith
,
that
quando
fontes
resiccati
fuerint
homo
moritur
:
that
the
Ventricles
have
the
last
humidity
in
them
:
wherefore
Galen
seemeth
to
desert
his
Master
in
saying
,
a
cordis
ariditate
incipere
malum
.
Viz
,
veram
senectutem
&
interitum
naturalem
.
Whereas
hee
should
have
said
the
contrary
:
that
the
aridity
of
the
heart
followeth
the
desiccation
and
want
of
due
transmission
of
other
parts
:
Yee
if
J
may
speake
my
mind
freely
,
Hippocrates
is
not
to
be
taken
simply
,
that
the
heart
cannot
be
any
wayes
affected
;
but
perhaps
in
the
sense
of
Galen
,
that
the
heart
suffereth
little
or
no
paine
by
reason
the
substance
of
the
heart
hath
but
little
sensation
,
having
but
one
little
nerve
for
feeling
from
the
sixt
Conjugation
,
and
that
is
somewhat
obscure
also
.
Gal.
2.
pla.
8.
Or
if
hee
meane
,
as
indeed
I
am
sure
hee
doth
,
that
diseases
doe
not
affect
the
heart
;
hee
is
to
bee
understood
that
ordinarily
they
doe
not
,
but
very
seldome
,
by
reason
of
the
carnous
parts
,
Cor
solidum
ac
densum
ut
ab
humore
non
aegrotet
,
&
propterea
nullus
morbus
in
corde
aboritur
,
caput
autem
&
Splen
maximè
sunt
morbis
abnoxia
,
His
speech
is
evidently
comparative
;
else
wee
see
very
often
that
which
hee
never
saw
in
all
his
long
life
and
experience
:
And
indeed
we
see
now
very
frequently
the
heart
affected
with
Imposthumes
,
with
Wormes
,
with
Abscesses
,
with
Fleamy
concretion
both
in
the
Eares
of
the
heart
and
Ventricles
,
yea
and
now
with
a
Serpent
:
And
yet
men
live
divers
yeares
with
them
,
and
many
other
diseases
both
per
essentiam
&
Consensum
,
all
kinde
of
distempers
both
equall
and
unequall
,
of
which
the
Ancients
have
left
no
memory
nor
mention
unto
us
,
with
which
the
Books
of
late
Physitians
are
repleate
.
Wherefore
the
propositions
of
the
Ancient
Physitians
must
have
a
friendly
interpretation
;
or
else
mens
hearts
now
a
daies
are
more
passible
and
obnoxious
unto
diseases
then
in
former
ages
,
which
by
me
as
yet
cannot
easily
be
admitted
:
Wee
are
forced
therefore
to
conclude
that
the
heart
per
essentiam
&
primariò
&
subjectivè
may
be
afflicted
with
a
disease
and
cause
of
death
,
and
it
cannot
otherwise
be
conceived
,
seeing
such
creatures
are
begotten
in
it
;
yet
doubtles
exteriour
diseases
kill
sooner
then
innate
.
§.
5.
BUt
this
then
begets
a
greater
question
,
how
this
Monster
or
such
as
this
should
bee
begotten
or
bred
in
the
heart
,
so
defended
,
as
hath
beene
said
,
more
then
all
the
body
,
and
in
the
most
defended
part
of
the
heart
,
the
left
Ventricle
three
times
thicker
of
flesh
and
substance
then
the
right
?
as
also
of
what
matter
?
seeing
that
Cell
is
possessed
and
replenished
with
the
best
,
purest
and
most
illustrious
liquor
in
the
body
,
the
blood
Arteriall
and
the
vitall
spirits
.
There
are
who
conceive
that
pervious
passages
may
be
found
for
little
Wormes
and
the
like
to
enter
into
the
heart
:
but
they
must
give
a
better
way
then
any
that
J
have
yet
seene
doe
,
as
also
the
Wormes
must
be
very
little
.
Others
say
,
that
such
matters
are
caused
by
the
ill
habit
of
the
heart
;
by
which
if
they
meane
the
substance
of
the
heart
,
it
is
not
to
be
receaved
,
till
the
heart
hath
beene
hurt
by
ill
distributions
and
transmissions
which
in
our
case
is
otherwise
:
for
halfe
of
the
heart
,
the
left
Ventricle
,
(
the
Matrix
of
this
Serpent
)
was
solid
and
still
good
:
Wherefore
it
is
not
in
the
ill
habit
of
the
substance
.
Others
thinke
that
those
Wormes
which
create
sometimes
the
mal
della
luna
,
as
the
Italians
terme
it
,
living
in
the
pericardium
,
and
gnawing
the
heart
:
Of
which
there
are
innumerable
Stories
.
Heben
flreit
lib
de
peste
telleth
us
one
,
of
a
Prince
to
whose
heart
a
white
Worme
was
found
cleaving
with
a
sharp
and
horny
nose
.
Alexius
pedemont
anus
,
lib.
1.
Sceret
.
telleth
us
of
an
other
:
and
so
Math:
Corvar
:
lib.
2.
c.
28.
Consult
.
med
.
In
Stowe's
Cronnicle
ad
annum
1586.
of
Q
Elizabeth
,
a
matter
of
this
nature
,
in
an
Horse
is
recorded
as
a
memorable
thing
in
these
wordes
.
The
Seventeenth
day
of
March
,
a
strange
thing
hapned
,
the
like
whereof
before
hath
not
beene
heard
of
in
our
time
.
Master
Dorington
of
Spaldwick
in
the
County
of
Huntington
Esquire
,
one
of
her
Majesties
Gentlemen
Pentioners
,
had
an
horse
which
died
suddenly
,
and
being
ripped
to
see
the
cause
of
his
death
,
there
was
found
in
the
hole
of
the
heart
of
the
same
horse
,
a
Worme
which
lay
on
a
round
heape
in
a
kall
or
skinn
,
of
the
likenesse
of
a
Toade
;
which
being
taken
out
and
spread
abroad
,
was
in
forme
and
fashion
not
easie
to
be
described
:
The
length
of
which
worme
divided
into
many
graines
to
the
number
of
fifty
(
spred
from
the
body
like
the
branches
of
a
Tree
)
was
from
the
snout
to
the
end
of
the
longest
graine
seventeene
inches
,
having
soure
issues
in
the
graines
from
which
dropped
forth
a
red
water
:
The
body
in
bignesse
round
about
was
three
inches
and
a
halfe
,
the
colour
whereof
was
very
like
a
Mackerel
.
This
monstrous
worme
found
in
manner
aforesaid
,
crawling
to
have
got
away
,
was
stabbed
in
with
a
dagger
and
died
;
which
being
dryed
was
shewed
to
many
honourable
personages
of
this
Realme
.
If
this
Horse-worme
or
Serpent
be
Chronicled
,
how
much
more
may
this
be
memorized
for
Posterity
?
Or
that
which
you
have
,
or
that
which
you
told
me
was
found
in
the
heart
of
the
Lord
Boclew
.
By
reason
these
were
found
in
Men
,
that
in
an
Horse
:
and
this
found
by
me
of
greater
length
,
and
more
certaine
forme
,
then
that
which
they
could
not
tell
how
to
describe
.
As
also
those
peeces
of
black
flesh
generated
in
the
left
Ventricle
,
of
which
Benivenius
historizeth
one
,
C.
35.
de
abdit
is
,
in
forme
of
a
Medler
,
upon
the
Artery
;
and
Vesalius
,
lib.
1.
c.
5.
de
humani
corporis
fabricâ
,
speaketh
of
a
most
Noble
and
learned
Personage
,
in
the
left
Ventricle
of
whose
heart
,
two
pounds
of
blacke
glandulous
flesh
were
found
;
the
heart
extended
like
a
pregnant
wombe
.
Yea
and
those
pituitose
carnosities
and
other
matters
,
so
often
seene
in
the
left
Ventricle
,
by
Neretus
Neretius
that
famous
Physitian
of
Florence
,
and
Erastus
,
part.
5.
disputat
.
de
feb
,
putrid
:
may
be
generated
in
the
pericardium
,
either
by
drinkes
of
ill
condition
sliding
into
the
Trachaea
,
and
so
into
the
Arteries
,
and
the
heart
:
Cornelius
Gemmad
de
Naturae
divinis
characterismis
:
and
sometimes
some
small
seedes
or
attomes
of
creeping
creatures
;
which
Cornelius
Gemma
setteth
forth
sufficiently
,
and
historiseth
many
strange
matters
in
this
kinde
,
as
some
to
vomit
Yeeles
and
Serpents
of
strange
formes
:
and
it
is
a
common
saying
of
the
Pedemontanes
,
and
such
as
drinke
the
waters
of
the
Alpes
;
that
every
such
man
borne
hath
a
Frog
to
his
brother
.
Such
things
may
passe
into
the
stomak
,
but
rarely
into
the
heart
.
§.
6.
BUt
that
which
I
have
to
say
,
is
this
;
that
these
strange
and
extraordinary
generations
are
caused
from
the
temperament
individuall
,
for
you
well
know
that
there
is
a
double
temperament
;
the
one
Specificall
,
the
other
individuall
;
the
one
is
fixum
and
unalterable
,
the
other
is
temperamentum
fluxum
,
and
accidentall
.
As
for
the
Specificall
temperament
,
although
the
vitall
acts
cease
,
yet
the
specificall
act
is
never
changed
;
for
you
see
that
the
parts
of
this
or
that
animall
,
retaine
their
specificall
vertue
when
they
are
dead
:
as
herbes
,
or
those
partes
of
herbes
,
as
leave
,
seedes
or
rootes
,
keepe
their
property
,
and
retaine
their
owne
heates
or
savours
,
when
they
are
cut
away
,
or
taken
up
from
the
ground
:
Yea
and
there
are
certaine
specifike
atoms
which
alwayes
continue
after
putrefaction
,
and
extreame
drinesse
in
the
fixed
salt
.
Lucret.
lib.
1.
Sunt
igitur
solida
primordia
simplicitate
Quae
minimis
stipata
cohaerent
partibus
arte
Non
ex
ullorum
conventa
conciliatu
Sed
magis
aeterna
pollentia
simplicitate
Vnde
neque
avelli
quicquam
neque
diminui
jam
Concedit
natura
reservans
semina
rebus
.
This
temperament
is
proper
to
every
creature
:
for
Man
hath
his
temperament
,
the
Lyon
his
,
hysopp
his
,
and
the
rose
his
owne
:
For
God
made
every
thing
,
secundum
species
suas
,
&
in
genere
suo
producat
aqua
in
species
suas
,
&
omne
volatile
secundum
genus
suum
.
Et
Deus
fecit
bestias
juxta
species
suas
&
omne
reptile
terrae
in
genere
suo
,
&
producat
terra
animamin
genere
suo
,
&c.
Wherfore
the
Specificall
temperament
of
Socrates
doth
not
differ
from
the
temperament
of
Hippocrates
,
Plato
,
Cato
,
or
any
other
man
:
which
may
be
well
put
against
Aristotle
,
who
thought
the
soules
of
men
did
differ
in
nobility
one
from
an
other
:
which
difference
can
no
way
be
founded
upon
the
temperament
specifically
,
but
rather
upon
the
jndividuall
,
which
is
but
the
accidentall
constitution
of
the
Individualls
of
the
same
species
;
which
followeth
some
peculiar
determination
of
th'
horoscopant
;
or
else
upon
some
other
speciall
helpe
,
or
hinderance
;
as
from
the
singular
scite
of
Heaven
,
ascention
of
Starres
,
aspect
in
flux
,
the
aliment
of
parents
,
either
more
or
lesse
elaborate
;
and
many
other
matters
every
creature
borne
hath
according
to
the
felicity
or
infelicity
of
his
generation
:
especially
Man
,
who
of
all
other
creatures
is
nourished
with
most
variety
of
meates
and
drinkes
:
We
also
see
every
day
that
such
men
are
more
hot
,
and
vivacious
,
who
are
borne
either
in
the
Starres
of
Leo
,
or
the
Sun
Orientiall
:
they
also
to
be
of
more
suculent
habit
,
who
are
born
within
the
second
quadrate
of
the
Moon
:
and
such
to
be
least
vital
,
who
are
born
in
the
silence
of
the
Moon
,
herbs
also
gathered
the
Moon
,
decreasing
,
have
lesse
force
:
&
the
very
soile
often
doth
either
so
augment
,
ordwarfe
plants
,
and
herbes
,
and
give
them
such
strange
conditions
,
that
they
are
found
degenerat
,
and
scarcely
the
same
herbs
:
As
for
the
prolifick
matter
,
it
breedes
(
as
Physitions
say
)
a
male
,
or
female
,
as
it
is
more
or
lesse
concocted
:
There
are
also
diverse
conjunct
matters
,
which
helpe
or
hinder
generation
,
as
such
matter
doth
which
differeth
much
a
punctis
specificis
,
or
à
semine
,
for
the
sperma
may
be
much
,
which
is
materia
augment
ativa
,
but
the
seed
is
so
little
of
which
a
giant
is
generated
,
that
as
novum
lumen
saith
:
it
can
be
no
greater
at
first
moment
of
conception
,
then
in
proportion
to
the
8200.
part
of
a
graine
of
wheate
;
which
confirmeth
that
of
Aristotle
,
that
the
fortieth
day
after
conception
,
homo
formicá
non
major
;
from
which
augmentative
matter
it
is
(
which
is
made
of
various
and
alterative
aliment
)
that
children
differ
so
much
from
both
their
owne
parents
:
hence
one
sweates
and
sweares
at
the
sight
of
a
Cat
:
and
an
other
forsakes
the
table
at
the
sight
of
a
Pigg
or
Goose
;
the
reasons
of
which
antipathies
and
diversities
,
are
founded
in
the
latent
matter
spermatike
,
as
if
the
Mother
of
one
,
somewhat
before
her
Sonne
was
begotten
,
had
eaten
a
mouse
;
and
the
other
fed
upon
the
eares
of
a
Jew
.
All
which
is
said
to
illustrate
,
that
there
is
in
many
men
,
a
certaine
connate
matter
and
obedientall
,
susceptible
of
divers
diseases
,
and
infelicities
:
Wherefore
it
was
not
so
anciently
,
as
worthily
said
;
Foelicissimum
est
benè
nasci
,
it
is
a
most
happy
thing
to
be
well
borne
.
And
from
this
Diatheses
and
ill
dispositions
may
many
a
strange
sicknesse
in
after
ages
spring
,
as
time
,
diet
and
other
accidents
doe
alter
or
intend
the
heat
,
cold
,
or
acrimony
of
the
humour
and
blood
,
or
some
other
quality
.
I
pray
Sir
,
note
well
the
faithfull
Relation
of
a
most
understanding
and
sincere
man
,
M.
Iohn
Whistler
,
one
of
the
Benchers
of
Graies-Inn
and
Recorder
of
Oxford
,
who
upon
my
Narration
of
this
History
of
Iohn
Pennant
(
the
very
same
day
,
or
the
next
that
I
found
the
Serpent
;
)
told
me
that
in
his
younger
daies
himselfe
was
a
great
Cock-Master
,
and
one
of
his
old
fighting
Cocks
beginning
to
droope
,
he
thought
it
best
to
cut
off
his
head
,
which
as
soone
as
it
was
done
,
there
appeared
and
shot
out
betweene
the
skinns
another
head
and
neck
,
like
that
of
his
Cock
,
but
it
was
a
kinde
of
gelly
(
as
hee
conceived
)
with
a
very
fine
skin
upon
it
,
with
a
bill
and
a
little
combe
:
The
rest
was
not
searched
,
which
perhaps
was
bred
of
some
Egg
in
the
body
of
the
Cock
,
which
kind
of
Conceptions
are
very
rare
,
yet
the
sacred
Scripture
maketh
mention
of
Cockatrices
:
Which
doubtlesse
cannot
be
bred
but
of
some
humour
or
blood
exalted
to
some
extraordinary
and
preternaturall
degree
of
heat
,
cold
,
or
sharpenesse
,
or
some
other
quality
:
Which
first
the
naturall
heat
and
valour
of
that
bird
prooveth
:
Secondly
his
martiall
profession
and
terrible
battells
performed
almost
to
death
,
all
his
life
long
;
as
also
being
begotten
of
such
like
Ancestors
,
himselfe
also
excelling
in
heat
and
fiery
spirits
accidentall
.
Compare
this
Young-mans
state
also
with
this
history
;
his
right
kidny
wholy
consumed
,
his
left
tumified
as
big
as
any
two
kidnies
or
three
,
full
of
ulcerous
matter
:
So
likewise
his
bladder
full
of
ulcer
,
and
rottennesse
,
and
nothing
in
his
body
to
be
found
the
cause
of
this
:
Wherefore
the
sharpnesse
and
extraordinary
heate
of
the
blood
or
some
such
like
quality
was
the
cause
of
the
Ulcers
,
and
so
also
consequently
of
that
extraordinary
production
in
the
heart
:
For
nothing
els
appeareth
whatsoever
may
be
conceived
:
And
this
accidentall
temperament
of
the
blood
,
I
take
to
be
the
cause
of
this
which
we
found
in
the
heart
:
For
in
the
heart
(
if
any
where
)
was
the
greatest
heat
,
and
if
in
any
part
of
the
heart
in
the
left
Ventricle
,
the
principall
receptacle
of
arteriall
blood
and
spirits
:
And
I
have
more
to
confirme
me
in
this
opinion
,
having
certaine
knowledge
both
of
the
diet
of
his
Mother
and
Grand-mother
also
,
and
of
his
owne
:
Which
I
am
not
willing
to
make
publique
;
but
to
make
private
use
of
it
to
my selfe
.
All
which
shall
not
by
me
bee
intended
to
prejudice
any
other
better
judgement
concerning
other
like
conceits
;
by
reason
that
passages
to
that
Ventricle
may
be
sometimes
pervious
,
although
very
rarely
:
But
to
informe
you
of
some
peculiar
knowledge
that
I
have
of
this
mans
History
;
which
may
give
us
great
light
concerning
others
of
like
condition
.
I
could
here
discourse
how
the
imagination
produceth
strange
things
in
men
;
and
worketh
not
only
in
our
owne
bodies
,
but
also
in
hyle
mundi
,
as
Fryer
Bacon
prooveth
,
Ro.
Bacon
.
l.
de
Coelo
&
mundo
and
Prince
Avicen
:
But
this
I
will
not
attempt
,
except
you
shall
judge
this
Relation
may
be
beneficiall
to
any
,
and
then
I
shall
discusse
it
out
at
large
.
§.
7.
BUt
to
me
the
resolution
of
this
matter
seemeth
very
profitable
to
know
how
these
things
may
be
bred
in
men
,
for
I
suppose
,
men
from
hence
will
take
speciall
care
to
alter
the
accidentall
temperament
of
humors
,
if
they
find
them
excell
in
any
high
degree
of
heate
,
cold
,
sharpnes
,
or
the
like
,
such
as
have
in
them
inconvenience
and
danger
,
and
to
deale
with
learned
Physitians
in
time
.
So
also
is
the
knowledge
of
singular
use
and
benefit
to
know
when
men
are
affected
with
any
such
disease
,
and
how
they
may
be
cured
.
As
for
the
knowledge
of
abstruse
and
secret
affections
,
where
perhaps
no
dolor
gives
certitude
of
the
place
affected
,
as
in
diseases
by
consent
,
when
some
other
parts
are
more
afflicted
,
such
skill
is
worthy
of
a
Physitian
,
and
at
any
rate
to
be
procured
:
But
how
or
where
shall
we
have
it
?
Who
writeth
of
it
?
Who
hath
so
much
as
ever
dreamed
of
any
such
helpe
to
mankind
?
For
mine
owne
part
I
never
yet
read
of
any
Signa
pathognomonica
of
any
such
disease
:
Neither
doe
I
know
where
to
find
one
graine
of
instruction
in
this
,
as
also
in
divers
other
diseases
(
which
I
can
nominate
)
more
then
from
mine
owne
observation
and
care
.
Wherefore
if
I
set
downe
one
thing
which
is
not
common
nor
els
where
to
be
found
.
I
hope
you
will
take
it
as
my
good
wish
unto
the
Common-wealth
of
Physitians
,
and
I
will
lay
my
ground
upon
two
Histories
of
mine
own
:
the
one
was
in
December
,
anno
.
1634.
For
being
sent
for
to
a
yong
gentleman
whose
name
was
Arthur
Buckeridge
son
unto
M.
Arthur
Buckeridge
now
of
Tottenham
Gentleman
,
who
was
sick
of
that
kind
of
pox
which
our
Country
people
call
the
Flocks
,
which
were
many
,
flat
headed
,
white
,
and
wrought
along
,
as
if
wormes
had
made
certaine
crooked
furrowes
among
them
,
which
when
at
first
I
beheld
,
I
was
very
diffident
in
my selfe
of
doing
any
cure
,
because
I
never-knew
any
of
that
disease
and
manner
saved
:
Yet
while
the
friends
of
the
Youth
declared
unto
mee
what
an
ingenious
child
and
scholler
he
was
,
and
what
hopes
all
his
friends
had
of
him
:
I
still
beheld
the
variegation
,
or
vermiculation
of
that
kind
of
variolae
:
And
because
no
Physitian
in
all
my
reading
ever
gave
me
the
least
light
or
helpe
to
cure
them
:
J
more
studiously
searching
the
cause
of
their
forme
,
strongly
apprehended
that
that
outward
work
and
waving
could
proceed
from
no
cause
,
but
from
putrefaction
caused
of
worms
;
and
that
God
and
nature
did
assist
in
so
great
a
difficulty
,
shewing
by
this
external
signature
the
internall
cause
,
taking
therefore
my
Indicative
from
the
Conjunctive
(
as
Galen
counselleth
very
well
)
J
prescribed
chiefly
against
wormes
and
inward
putrefaction
,
and
in
very
short
space
he
was
restored
to
his
health
:
And
while
I
write
these
things
,
the
yong-man
(
whom
J
never
saw
since
)
commeth
in
to
my
house
to
search
after
me
,
and
to
give
me
thanks
so
long
after
,
being
shortly
to
goe
for
Oxford
:
Wherefore
to
confirme
this
History
I
sent
unto
the
Young-mans
Apothecary
to
see
what
was
yet
upon
file
,
to
ascertaine
what
I
say
;
and
it
is
returned
me
,
that
two
of
my
bils
are
yet
there
remaining
:
As
also
one
honest
Gentleman
remembreth
well
that
I
then
expressed
as
much
and
told
his
friends
that
I
intended
to
prescribe
against
the
worms
principally
.
The
other
History
was
of
this
Iohn
Pennant
,
whom
we
dissected
;
who
was
well
known
unto
me
,
as
his
friends
and
others
well
can
assure
it
,
in
whom
as
is
likewise
sufficiently
knowne
,
I
very
often
noted
this
,
that
he
had
an
excellent
Eye
,
but
extraordinarily
sharpe
,
and
like
the
Eye
of
a
Serpent
,
and
so
much
I
have
spoken
of
it
,
that
divers
Gentlemen
and
good
Schollers
did
make
answer
unto
me
that
heard
of
his
long
diseases
of
the
supposed
stone
,
or
ulcer
of
the
bladder
:
that
pains
and
griefes
did
sharpen
mens
aspects
:
But
finding
what
we
have
seene
in
him
,
thus
much
shall
mine
owne
observation
teach
me
ever
;
Let
others
doe
,
or
believe
as
little
as
they
please
,
that
secret
,
unusuall
and
strange
inward
diseases
,
doe
send
forth
some
radios
,
or
signatures
from
the
center
,
Analogicall
to
the
circumference
,
by
which
we
may
finde
the
causes
if
we
be
diligent
and
carefull
:
And
this
is
that
which
I
would
commend
,
of
which
I
know
no
man
that
hath
written
one
word
as
yet
:
Which
although
at
first
it
seemeth
new
,
yet
if
men
will
well
consider
it
and
what
I
shall
say
I
doubt
not
but
they
will
be
confirmed
,
that
it
is
an
accurate
and
a
most
necessary
observation
,
and
a
chiefe
Window
to
see
into
the
most
secret
diseases
and
Closets
of
the
body
and
heart
also
.
And
first
as
an
introduction
to
beliefe
what
helps
Physitians
may
have
from
beames
and
signatures
.
All
learned
Physitians
will
thus
farre
goe
with
me
,
that
this
was
that
admirable
way
of
the
old
Magitians
to
find
out
the
natures
of
medicines
,
from
their
peculiar
beams
,
signatures
and
similitudes
,
and
that
there
is
no
Simple
or
medicine
Specifical
(
as
they
say
)
or
excellent
for
any
disease
or
very
few
,
but
we
are
able
to
make
the
radij
or
signatures
to
appeare
,
from
which
those
learned
Magi
did
,
or
might
find
out
the
properties
and
virtues
of
those
Simples
or
medicines
,
and
this
you
know
to
be
true
,
and
this
way
you
all
know
that
Sponsa
Solis
or
the
Kiramides
of
the
Synas
went
,
as
that
book
of
the
King
of
Persia
sheweth
,
which
I
lent
unto
you
;
and
you
have
no
doubt
many
volumes
of
Physitians
as
well
as
others
who
have
written
of
this
argument
.
Wherefore
seeing
it
is
so
cleare
that
signatures
and
beames
have
so
excellently
and
clearely
discovered
the
virtues
of
all
medicines
latent
and
abstruse
.
Shall
we
conceive
that
God
and
Nature
are
deficient
in
affording
outwardly
some
helps
to
know
the
inward
,
secret
and
strangest
maladies
?
It
cannot
be
:
For
to
what
purpose
is
it
,
that
the
Simples
have
virtues
medicinall
,
and
for
every
disease
,
if
some
diseases
may
not
be
disvered
,
and
how
can
they
bee
discovevered
within
,
to
which
no
eye
can
come
?
from
which
nothing
is
received
,
as
in
some
other
diseases
.
Some
are
knowne
by
time
,
as
Feavers
,
keeping
Period
:
Some
by
place
or
part
affected
,
as
Cholick
,
Angine
,
Stone
in
the
reynes
,
and
the
like
.
Some
by
excretions
,
as
Dissenteries
.
Some
by
such
like
and
others
more
or
lesse
:
But
there
is
no
meanes
to
discover
such
a
thing
as
this
that
hath
given
occasion
of
all
this
discourse
,
for
nothing
was
excerned
of
it
any
waies
,
or
from
it
that
could
give
any
light
:
No
topicall
griefe
so
great
as
that
in
his
reynes
and
bladder
,
he
did
complaine
of
his
breast
and
of
a
beating
there
sometimes
;
but
Palpitatio
cordis
is
signum
commune
.
Neither
did
this
man
complaine
as
he
did
alwaies
of
his
other
affections
.
Neither
can
it
be
imagined
how
such
a
substance
growing
and
receiving
daily
augmentation
in
his
heart
could
be
discovered
by
the
wit
of
man
,
but
by
some
outward
thing
singular
and
unusuall
,
as
a
speciall
radius
of
what
was
within
.
§.
8.
I
trust
then
that
this
speculation
and
practise
will
in
time
be
thought
of
,
and
that
it
may
,
I
will
set
this
signature
upon
it
(
although
seldome
or
scarce
ever
noted
by
any
except
by
Friar
Bacon
in
his
Booke
de
Caelo
&
mundo
,
&c.
More
especially
by
that
incomparable
sage
Alkinaus
,
the
most
learned
man
that
the
East
since
his
time
,
or
long
before
hath
brought
forth
unto
the
world
:
that
every
thing
hath
his
radios
proprios
,
as
well
as
the
starres
of
Heaven
have
:
Alkindus
his
wordes
are
these
,
in
his
Treatise
de
radijs
,
as
a
firme
conclusion
,
and
sufficiently
there
by
him
confirmed
;
Agite
ergo
cum
mundus
Elementaris
sit
exemplum
mundi
,
it
a
quod
quaelibet
res
in
ipso
contenta
ipsius
speciem
continet
.
Manifestum
est
quod
omnis
res
huj
us
mundt
sive
sit
substantia
,
sive
accidens
,
radios
facit
suo
modo
ad
instar
siderum
,
alioquin
figuram
mundi
syderci
ad
plenum
non
haberet
.
But
this
we
will
manifest
to
the
sense
in
some
few
(
saith
hee
)
the
fire
transmitteth
his
beames
to
a
certaine
distance
:
the
earth
sends
out
her
beames
of
colde
,
of
medicine
,
and
of
health
;
and
medicines
taken
into
the
body
,
or
outwardly
applied
,
diffuse
their
beames
through
the
wholebody
of
him
that
receives
them
:
the
collision
of
solid
bodies
makes
a
sound
which
diffuseth
it selfe
by
the
beames
of
the
thing
moved
:
and
every
coloured
body
sendeth
out
his
beames
,
by
which
it
is
perceived
,
and
this
is
subtely
knowne
in
most
other
things
:
by
which
by
vive
reason
it
is
certainely
knowne
to
be
true
in
all
things
;
taking
this
therefore
for
truth
wee
say
,
that
every
thing
which
hath
actuall
existence
in
the
elementary
world
,
sendes
forth
his
beames
,
which
fill
the
elementary
world
after
their
manner
,
whereupon
every
place
of
this
world
contayneth
the
beames
of
all
things
which
are
actually
existent
in
every
place
:
And
as
every
thing
differeth
from
other
;
so
the
beames
of
every
thing
do
differ
in
effect
and
nature
from
the
beames
of
all
other
things
,
by
which
it
comes
to
passe
that
the
operation
of
the
beames
is
diverse
in
all
diverse
things
:
Thus
farre
,
and
much
more
Alkindus
to
the
same
and
like
effect
:
Yet
I
will
ad
some
few
instances
more
.
The
severall
smelles
of
all
things
in
the
world
,
are
their
severall
radij
which
doe
discover
themselves
unto
us
,
and
we
perceive
them
to
be
many
times
where
we
see
them
not
:
Wee
smell
Roses
,
Musk
,
Civit
,
Amber
,
Quinces
,
Apples
,
Plantes
and
herbes
of
all
sortes
,
and
very
many
other
thinges
in
roomes
or
boxes
,
before
we
come
neere
them
:
and
we
are
most
times
assured
of
such
things
to
be
neere
us
,
by
their
proper
and
peculiar
emanations
,
or
irradiations
,
which
are
their
specifick
beames
,
darting
out
and
diffusing
themselves
from
one
center
,
unto
a
certaine
distance
,
according
to
the
vertue
of
the
species
or
his
proper
nature
,
which
may
doubtlesse
also
be
intended
,
or
remitted
,
or
varied
,
and
so
make
strong
projection
,
according
to
the
rectitude
of
line
,
or
else
be
debilitated
according
to
the
proportion
of
obliquation
:
but
this
I
insist
not
upon
.
Fetted
things
also
have
their
radios
,
according
to
their
owne
proper
nature
,
and
there
is
the
same
reason
of
them
in
all
points
according
to
their
species
:
The
colours
of
other
things
are
also
beames
:
and
the
very
truth
is
,
that
as
all
thinges
in
the
world
have
their
proper
radios
:
so
all
the
actions
that
they
have
is
by
vertue
of
these
radij
:
and
as
Alkindus
saith
,
by
these
beames
is
exercised
in
conjunctum
localiter
,
aut
in
seperatum
:
which
the
Schoole-men
call
immediatio
virtutis
,
or
immediatio
suppositi
:
in
both
,
nothing
is
done
sine
radijs
,
nor
truly
knowne
:
As
for
example
,
If
two
men
come
close
together
,
one
cannot
strike
another
,
Immediatione
suppositi
,
except
the
animales
radij
actuate
the
nerves
and
muscles
of
the
hand
,
and
therefore
immediatio
virtutis
is
supposed
.
These
spirits
are
the
radij
animales
,
and
by
these
every
action
arbitrary
or
not
arbitrary
is
effected
in
or
by
man
,
and
every
other
creature
.
And
as
cleare
to
us
is
that
action
which
is
performed
immediatione
virtutis
in
other
creatures
;
for
we
see
an
Adamant
to
draw
yron
at
a
distance
:
A
looking
Glasse
to
represent
the
Images
of
things
separated
from
the
glasse
:
And
this
we
know
must
bee
by
some
Emission
or
projection
of
beames
one
towards
another
,
as
well
as
by
the
Emission
of
the
animall
spirits
from
the
braine
into
the
nerves
.
And
a
marvellous
wonder
it
hath
beene
to
me
to
see
how
Mineralls
purified
and
defecated
from
heterogeniall
mixtures
,
finding
themselves
free
doe
strike
out
themselves
in
any
liquour
into
branches
and
Starrs
,
as
is
acknowledged
by
Physitians
,
calling
them
medicinas
stell
at
as
,
as
Mercurius
Stellatus
:
Regulas
Antimonij
Stellatas
,
&c.
and
not
onely
Minerals
doe
thus
,
but
the
Salt
of
vegetables
,
and
animals
I
have
made
so
,
that
they
will
doe
the
like
:
So
that
it
is
evident
that
every
thing
in
the
world
hath
his
beames
;
and
it
cannot
,
nor
ought
not
to
be
otherwise
,
sith
the
nine
times
most
blessed
and
most
glorious
Essentator
of
all
things
who
hath
beene
so
diffusive
,
as
to
branch
out
himselfe
into
every
thing
visible
and
invisible
,
that
any
thing
should
not
have
some
likenesse
unto
him
who
made
all
things
summaratione
,
and
with
as
great
perfections
as
their
severall
species
were
capable
of
.
And
for
them
therefore
not
to
shew
themselves
,
and
who
was
their
Father
,
it
is
impossible
.
Coelum
est
in
terra
sed
modo
terrestri
:
Terra
est
in
Coelo
,
sed
modo
Coelesti
:
Yea
even
putrid
humours
,
and
materiall
causes
of
diseases
,
as
being
naturall
things
though
corrupted
are
good
:
and
have
their
beames
and
their
signatures
in
savours
,
pustles
,
bubos
,
spots
,
and
tokens
without
,
of
divers
sorts
according
to
the
severall
species
of
the
humour
putrified
within
,
or
from
the
commixtion
with
other
causes
by
which
a
Physitian
is
much
instructed
,
what
is
within
,
and
how
to
take
heed
himselfe
;
and
to
come
home
to
the
very
point
,
and
cause
of
all
this
Discourse
,
we
see
in
all
kind
of
Animals
in
the
world
(
and
I
doubt
not
but
your
incredible
desire
to
know
and
excellent
naturall
sagacity
hath
often
observed
)
that
according
as
their
arteriall
blood
is
exalted
,
such
radij
are
in
their
Eyes
;
as
we
see
in
some
men
more
then
others
,
and
in
Cocks
,
and
in
Serpents
:
A
Cocke
hath
an
Eye
whose
radij
are
almost
exalted
to
the
beames
of
the
Eye
of
a
Serpent
:
And
doubtlesse
such
blood
had
this
man
,
and
such
spirits
of
an
incredible
heate
or
acrimony
:
The
Eye
is
an
Index
animi
,
which
cannot
otherwise
be
then
by
the
radij
or
spirits
of
it
,
much
more
then
doth
it
shew
the
blood
arteriall
upon
which
those
spirits
are
founded
;
and
thus
from
the
Eye
I
have
made
it
evident
,
that
we
may
know
much
of
the
left
Ventricle
of
the
heart
where
the
arteriall
bloud
is
elaborated
and
made
:
And
thus
in
other
matters
,
if
from
the
radij
or
signatures
exterior
we
play
the
good
Magitians
and
diligently
consider
them
:
I
am
perswaded
wee
may
have
a
singular
helpe
and
insight
to
cure
the
most
hidden
and
most
dangerous
diseases
of
all
,
and
such
as
otherwise
cannot
be
known
.
You
see
Sir
,
I
have
founded
my
sentence
upon
God
,
Nature
,
and
Experience
,
and
if
it
be
hidden
or
not
believed
by
any
,
it
is
to
them
incredible
who
have
grosse
conceptions
,
small
skill
,
as
J
am
sure
your
great
insight
and
wisdome
will
and
can
better
confirme
:
For
what
is
that
which
makes
some
men
wiser
then
others
?
Magis
sapiens
est
&
dicitur
qui
minus
perceptibilia
percipit
de
rebus
&
earum
conditionibus
,
saith
that
wise
man
Alkindus
:
There
is
no
doubt
therfore
(
as
the
same
man
saith
)
but
that
they
who
are
informed
with
an
holy
desire
of
wisedome
will
labour
much
to
comprehend
the
secret
conditions
of
things
,
as
the
antient
Physitians
did
who
with
wonderfull
sagacity
searched
for
that
skill
which
we
injoy
:
As
for
such
as
are
neither
wise
nor
have
desire
of
wisedome
,
I
leave
them
to
Ptolemey
that
other
miracle
of
knowledge
to
instruct
the
world
of
them
;
Reprehendunt
insipientes
quod
non
comprehendunt
,
unwise
men
reprehend
all
that
they
doe
not
comprehend
.
§.
9.
IT
remaines
onely
that
something
be
said
of
the
cure
of
such
Conceptions
if
by
any
Physitian
they
be
perceived
in
time
:
Either
by
pulsation
of
the
heart
or
by
any
externall
signe
or
signature
,
or
Syndrome
.
There
are
some
who
use
no
alterants
nor
other
peice
of
art
then
to
kill
and
dissolve
such
conceptions
:
and
they
confide
in
this
.
℞
.
Succi
Allij
,
Nasturtij
,
Raphani
,
ana.ʒ.j.
detur
&
statim
curabitur
.
So
Schenckins
from
Stockerus
.
Others
thus
.
℞
.
Tanaceti
ramulum
in
umbra
siccatum
,
in
pulverem
redactum
cribellatumque
,
cui
addatur
pulvis
sequens
,
℞
.
Rad
gentian
.
Rad.
Paeoniae
longae
,
ana.ʒ.j.
Myrrhae
,
ʒ
.
ss.
misce
,
tere
&
cum
uti
volueris
.
℞
.
℈
.j.
Et
cum
guttula
aquae
ut
solum
madefiat
misce
,
deinde
inunge
os
&
lahra
infantis
aut
patientis
ter
aut
quater
,
&
una
cum
caeteris
medicamentis
eijcientur
.
So
Schenckins
.
This
I
grant
is
good
for
wormes
that
cause
Epileptike
fits
in
children
,
but
for
such
as
lie
deeper
in
the
pericardium
and
the
left
Ventricle
,
it
is
not
likely
they
will
be
sensible
of
,
at
so
great
a
distance
and
inclosure
:
I
rather
thinke
that
the
use
of
some
oyles
which
are
more
penetrative
,
may
do
more
good
,
as
some
drops
of
Olei
de
Sabina
in
aqua
juventutis
,
Raimundi
or
Olei
ex
Baccis
Iuniperi
ob
ejus
penetrativam
virtutem
may
with
some
continuance
or
with
the
successe
before
mentioned
be
more
efficacious
:
But
why
am
I
so
large
speaking
to
you
?
But
to
lay
some
grounds
of
future
discourses
with
you
,
concerning
both
preservation
and
cure
of
such
latent
maladies
,
rather
then
here
to
set
them
out
.
§.
10.
Yet
for
conclusion
I
have
onely
this
one
thing
to
note
unto
the
world
:
how
that
these
which
seeme
so
rare
,
strange
,
and
incurable
mischiefes
,
might
be
more
familiarly
knowne
,
and
easily
cured
,
if
it
were
not
for
a
babish
,
or
a
kinde
of
cockney
disposition
in
our
common
people
,
who
think
their
children
or
friendes
murdered
after
they
are
dead
,
if
a
Surgion
should
but
pierce
any
part
of
their
skinnes
with
a
knife
:
by
which
it
commeth
to
passe
,
that
few
of
those
innumerable
and
marvellous
conceptions
,
which
kill
the
parents
in
which
they
are
bred
,
(
as
your selfe
with
admiration
have
knowingly
spoken
to
me
of
their
infinite
number
which
are
generated
in
mans
body
)
can
ever
be
found
out
,
or
cured
:
so
great
a
monster
is
begotten
in
the
blood
of
fooles
,
and
fearefull
people
,
which
destroyeth
the
common
good
of
man-kinde
in
a
very
great
proportion
:
whereas
that
knowledge
of
their
generations
,
which
Physitions
have
,
is
commonly
from
the
dissections
of
the
bodies
of
Noble
Personages
,
and
of
the
Gentry
,
who
with
their
friendes
about
them
have
beene
bred
to
more
fortitude
,
and
are
more
wise
and
communicative
,
as
most
of
our
medicinall
histories
,
you
know
confirme
,
and
your selfe
likewise
hath
told
me
of
some
.
All
vertuous
and
heroick
soules
know
that
when
their
particle
of
divine
perfection
is
returned
to
him
that
gave
it
,
that
then
their
bodies
are
to
serve
the
universe
(
as
that
pious
Bishop
knew
)
who
when
he
had
given
away
all
besides
his
body
,
at
last
gave
that
also
for
the
good
of
the
living
,
when
it
should
be
found
dead
,
and
therefore
bequeathed
it
to
the
Physitians
to
dissect
it
:
but
doubtlesse
our
Tradesmen
,
their
wives
and
children
,
and
our
sugar-sop
citizens
are
compounded
of
a
rarer
,
noli
me
tangere
,
when
they
are
dead
then
when
they
were
alive
;
And
though
Nobles
and
Princes
may
be
cut
in
peeces
,
yet
is
it
piacular
,
and
the
losse
of
grace
for
ever
with
them
,
if
a
Phisitian
should
but
intimate
such
a
matter
as
decently
but
to
open
any
part
of
their
most
intemerate
Impes
.
But
what
good
more
frequent
dissections
might
doe
,
what
portentuous
matters
they
might
discover
,
and
how
facile
they
might
finde
the
causes
,
and
their
cure
,
you
sufficiently
know
,
and
in
part
others
may
by
this
history
understand
:
And
although
the
learning
and
knowledge
of
some
Phisitions
of
our
age
be
singular
,
and
growne
to
such
an
happy
degree
of
perfection
,
yet
there
are
by
dissections
every
day
something
to
be
learned
:
and
how
much
the
internall
do
simbolize
with
externall
,
as
in
part
I
have
discovered
,
and
J
will
yet
give
out
one
illustration
more
:
let
but
Phisitions
well
note
their
patients
complections
,
and
colours
(
for
this
time
I
will
onely
speake
of
the
face
)
and
let
them
take
afterward
if
they
come
to
dissect
them
notice
of
their
livers
,
and
if
they
be
diligent
,
in
few
dissections
they
shall
be
able
,
looking
into
any
mans
face
whatsoever
,
to
know
the
affections
very
manifestly
of
his
liver
.
Sir
,
under
favour
,
and
with
you
J
have
thus
much
freedome
as
to
tell
some
of
my
brother
Phisitions
and
Surgions
,
that
the
inspections
and
dissections
which
they
celebrate
over
the
world
,
are
not
to
inable
men
to
talke
of
names
,
parts
and
places
,
but
to
doe
,
and
to
be
able
to
judge
of
thinges
hidden
and
secret
,
that
they
may
not
be
deceived
touching
the
causes
of
mens
diseases
:
this
is
the
chiefest
end
,
and
yet
how
few
study
out
of
entrailes
this
learning
,
I
neede
not
intimate
unto
you
.
The
wayes
of
nature
,
by
which
operations
are
effected
,
as
also
the
continuation
of
parts
and
vessels
,
their
communication
,
and
to
finde
the
causes
of
sicknesses
,
their
epigeneses
,
their
metastases
,
their
apostases
,
their
palyndromyes
.
The
wayes
of
Simptomes
,
reasons
of
revulsions
and
the
like
,
are
the
next
:
and
so
much
subordinate
to
the
other
,
and
of
lesse
necessity
,
as
obuious
inspections
shewe
this
to
be
more
facile
,
and
with
lesse
labour
to
be
attained
then
that
;
the
other
therefore
not
being
so
well
perfected
to
our
dayes
,
I
have
by
this
extraordinary
occasion
,
and
out
of
my
good
wishes
,
ventured
to
speake
a
word
by
you
,
unto
such
as
are
wise
in
our
owne
profession
,
since
Phisitians
should
be
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
,
as
our
dictators
word
is
,
like
Gods
,
what
is
in
us
in
good
skill
,
and
good
will
,
for
the
safety
of
man-kinde
:
that
as
it
was
said
of
his
dayes
,
so
it
may
of
ours
,
in
corum
diebu
;
raro
animae
descendebant
ad
infernum
:
in
their
dayes
,
soules
seldome
descended
into
hell
,
if
any
at
last
forsaking
divine
grace
shall
descend
;
yet
that
hell
may
gape
a
long
time
ere
it
receive
them
,
and
that
others
may
have
time
to
shake
handes
with
Heaven
,
that
our
profession
,
the
noblest
and
wisest
of
all
others
,
(
I
speake
of
professions
which
concerne
this
life
onely
,
not
of
professions
supernaturall
)
may
still
be
esteemed
divinest
(
as
the
old
Phisitians
were
crowned
deservedly
,
and
related
among
the
Gods
,
above
all
others
)
while
by
our
meanes
,
miserable
men
are
restored
to
the
onely
blessing
of
this
life
,
health
;
and
(
as
I
said
)
be
preserved
from
that
great
and
eternall
gulph
of
infelicity
,
Hell
(
many
of
them
not
being
in
state
of
grace
,
because
sicke
upon
their
sinnes
)
and
lastly
,
made
live
till
they
be
friends
and
sonnes
of
God
,
and
so
rich
as
to
come
to
Heaven
:
our
Saviour
Christ
crowning
us
with
such
happy
mindes
,
as
to
be
made
instruments
and
meanes
of
many
mens
eternall
salvation
,
by
occasion
of
their
temporall
restitution
.
FINIS
.