THE
ROYALTIE
and
benefit
of
Wooll
and
Woollen
Cloth
.
CHAPTER
I.
THE
antiquitie
of
Woll
within
this
Kingdome
hath
beene
,
beyond
the
memorie
of
man
,
so
highly
respected
for
those
many
benefits
therein
,
that
a
customable
vse
hath
alwayes
been
obserued
to
make
it
the
seat
of
our
wise
learned
Iudges
in
the
sight
of
our
noble
Peeres
,
within
the
place
where
all
wholesome
lawes
are
established
for
the
good
gouernement
of
this
kingdome
,
CHAP.
II.
The
condition
of
the
Makers
,
being
two
sorts
.
WHen
the
vse
of
Clothing
was
planted
here
,
some
in
all
parts
of
the
Realme
vndertooke
the
profession
:
The
number
was
but
small
for
a
long
time
,
but
found
such
good
successe
on
their
labours
,
as
they
mightily
increased
in
fame
and
riches
,
chiefe
comforters
to
the
aged
,
and
trainers
vp
of
youth
,
their
houses
frequented
like
Kings
Courts
,
their
tables
replenished
like
feasts
,
their
hospitalitie
bountifull
,
and
in
all
these
their
cariage
plaine
and
honest
,
yet
with
such
plentie
and
content
,
that
royall
Kings
haue
bin
highly
pleased
with
their
entertainment
.
Then
was
true
dealing
held
in
great
estimation
,
and
deceit
hatefully
loathed
.
These
men
commonly
made
their
recourse
to
London
weekely
,
who
might
haue
beene
strangers
one
to
another
in
regard
of
their
distance
in
dwelling
,
yet
proued
brethren
by
reason
of
their
profession
.
Their
conference
of
meeting
was
to
vphold
their
credits
by
truth
,
&
their
care
how
to
suppresse
falshood
,
least
hee
should
steale
into
their
trades
.
Happiest
was
he
that
could
win
most
commendation
by
desert
;
so
that
their
marks
made
their
markets
,
and
their
merchants
their
suiters
to
hold
on
their
custom
.
Whilest
this
course
continued
the
trade
flourished
,
and
Gods
blessing
abounded
on
all
dealers
therein
:
But
corrupting
time
(
more
apt
in
stooping
to
vice
than
mounting
to
vertue
)
not
onely
infected
some
of
this
Fraternitie
with
the
knowledge
of
deceit
,
but
also
stirred
other
intruders
in
this
trade
,
who
greedie
of
such
apparent
gaine
,
obtained
by
the
well
deseruers
,
vsurped
the
name
of
Clothiers
,
without
the
knowledge
of
the
true
course
,
but
well
studied
in
fraud
,
which
practise
they
intended
should
supply
their
want
of
knowledge
,
to
equal
that
gaine
formerly
obtained
,
more
respecting
their
present
profit
than
all
future
good
,
nor
making
conscience
of
the
meanes
,
so
they
possest
the
matter
.
This
viperous
sort
doth
too
much
increase
in
these
daies
,
the
onely
breeders
of
all
enormities
in
this
trade
&
Commonwealth
,
&
like
caterpillers
destroy
the
fruits
of
the
earth
,
or
like
drones
which
wast
the
honie
of
the
labouring
Bee
;
whose
mischiefe
must
be
preuented
,
or
else
in
short
time
all
benefits
herein
wil
be
made
frustrat
.
But
more
of
these
abusers
when
their
abuses
shal
be
in
question
:
only
it
may
be
said
of
Clothiers
,
as
of
the
tongues
which
Aesop
bought
,
the
worst
meat
and
the
best
;
so
of
the
good
Clothier
and
the
bad
:
how
lamentable
thing
it
is
,
that
the
priuate
gaine
of
one
should
bee
the
preiudice
of
thousands
:
where
truth
and
equitie
decayes
the
people
soone
perish
,
and
pitie
it
were
but
the
law
should
be
a
sharpe
bridle
to
curbe
such
disordered
men
.
If
lawlesse
libertie
were
allowable
wee
should
not
differ
from
beasts
,
nor
distinguish
good
from
bad
:
our
reason
and
religion
leads
vs
to
better
knowledge
,
and
daily
experience
of
Gods
fauour
towards
truth
should
draw
vs
to
imbrace
it
.
We
haue
a
president
within
this
Realme
to
lead
vs
to
a
true
course
from
that
nation
which
were
our
first
tutors
to
the
trade
,
who
now
make
a
commoditie
among
vs
of
our
Woolls
;
which
,
by
reason
of
their
slightnesse
and
small
value
,
might
be
esteemed
vnworthie
of
wearing
,
yet
by
their
good
obseruation
in
making
,
searching
,
and
sealing
,
it
is
so
vpheld
and
maintained
,
that
it
is
more
vendible
than
any
cloth
we
make
,
and
so
farre
voyd
of
deceit
,
that
any
man
,
although
vnskilfull
,
may
buy
it
without
preiudice
or
losse
.
Looke
into
their
liues
and
conditions
,
you
shall
find
them
religious
towards
God
,
dutifull
to
our
Prince
,
louing
one
towards
another
,
and
harmelesse
to
all
men
,
onely
enemies
to
fraud
and
idlenesse
,
which
they
doe
not
onely
hate
in
others
,
but
punish
seuerely
in
themselues
.
They
keepe
together
,
and
disperse
not
in
many
places
,
to
the
end
one
gouernement
shall
rule
them
;
but
in
two
places
within
this
Realme
doe
they
make
their
congregations
,
It
hath
beene
seene
that
a
foreine
cloth
being
made
,
and
not
falling
out
to
the
full
goodnesse
intended
,
the
maker
hath
affixed
a
peece
of
siluer
to
that
peece
,
of
such
value
as
should
counteruaile
the
want
of
worth
:
But
we
are
more
readie
in
greedie
manner
to
take
away
from
a
cloth
,
when
it
is
too
bad
before
.
Now
as
herein
the
Clothier
and
maker
is
taxed
,
the
Marchants
and
buyer
cannot
escape
vntouched
;
For
as
there
are
good
of
both
sorts
(
whose
number
are
too
few
)
so
there
are
extreame
bad
(
which
,
without
amendment
,
might
be
well
spared
)
:
There
is
no
more
difference
betweene
a
bad
Clothier
and
a
bad
Merchant
,
than
betweene
a
theefe
and
his
receiuer
;
for
as
the
one
commits
vnlawfull
crimes
,
the
other
maintaines
it
by
concealements
,
nay
more
,
procures
him
thereunto
.
Many
Merchants
are
of
that
disposition
,
that
they
more
respect
their
present
gain
than
the
good
of
all
others
,
looking
vpon
the
cheapnesse
,
and
not
on
the
goodnesse
of
what
they
buy
;
casting
vpon
their
gaine
of
mony
,
and
not
on
their
gaine
of
credit
,
whereas
both
might
easily
be
obtained
.
Let
a
Clothier
haue
a
new
trick
of
deceit
,
contrarie
to
law
,
and
preiudiciall
to
the
generall
good
,
if
it
may
be
a
particular
profit
,
although
not
durable
,
that
man
shal
be
sure
of
entertainement
:
if
hee
feare
discouerie
,
or
to
bee
caught
by
the
law
,
these
Merchants
haue
infinit
deuises
to
make
it
walke
inuisible
;
if
Argus
eyes
were
watchfull
ouer
them
,
yet
haue
they
mists
to
blind
them
all
:
But
God
,
who
is
the
vpholder
of
truth
,
wil
one
day
bring
these
hidden
mischiefes
to
light
,
and
turne
this
wicked
gaine
to
shame
and
losse
.
CAP.
3.
The
antiquity
of
the
Alneger
with
his
power
.
BEfore
the
making
of
Cloth
within
this
Land
,
the
Alneger
was
ordained
,
who
exercised
that
office
vpon
al
cloths
comming
from
foreine
parts
,
to
measure
and
trie
them
where
they
were
put
on
land
.
The
enterpretation
of
his
name
Alneger
shewes
the
nature
of
his
office
as
onely
measurer
appointed
.
When
the
making
of
those
Clothes
were
drawne
hither
,
and
dayly
increased
,
the
King
found
great
losse
in
his
customes
;
for
that
the
wools
of
those
Clothes
being
before
transported
,
did
yeeld
much
custome
,
and
the
like
answered
vpon
returne
of
the
Cloth
,
which
double
benefit
to
the
king
was
lost
,
although
it
brought
much
good
to
the
common
wealth
by
the
subjects
imployment
.
Vpon
due
consideration
hereof
,
a
subsidie
was
graunted
vnto
the
king
and
his
successours
vpon
all
Clothes
made
within
the
Realme
,
foure
pence
vpon
euerie
cloth
,
and
two
pence
on
euerie
halfe
Cloth
:
besides
,
a
Subsidie
vpon
all
graine
colours
,
Now
it
is
to
be
considered
what
value
a
halfepenie
was
in
those
dayes
,
and
what
the
seruice
was
to
be
performed
for
it
:
All
the
paynes
he
tooke
,
was
but
to
cast
a
Lyne
of
seuen
yards
foure
times
ouer
the
Cloth
in
length
,
and
to
measure
the
bredth
then
appointed
,
which
he
continued
a
long
time
:
then
were
the
faults
but
few
,
and
easily-supprest
;
but
in
time
grew
like
Hydras
heads
,
in
cutting
off
one
,
many
sprung
vp
in
the
stead
,
that
the
defects
numbred
so
fast
vpon
him
,
as
put
him
to
endlesse
trouble
.
And
in
regard
his
place
stood
vpon
two
distinct
offices
,
the
one
to
collect
the
Susidie
,
wherein
was
no
farthing
charge
;
the
other
was
the
executing
of
the
Alnage
,
which
tied
him
by
great
penalties
to
performe
truely
:
he
finding
the
paines
so
much
to
make
reformation
in
so
many
defects
,
and
of
such
diuersities
,
with
his
fee
too
small
to
counteruaile
his
danger
and
trouble
,
did
voluntarily
forgoe
the
execution
of
his
office
,
and
onely
betooke
himselfe
to
the
collection
of
the
Subsidie
:
and
hauing
two
Seales
appointed
him
seuerally
,
one
with
the
kings
armes
for
the
Subsidie
,
the
other
with
the
true
content
and
search
for
the
Alnage
,
he
would
afterward
onely
set
on
the
kings
seale
,
leauing
his
search
and
fee
,
to
be
freed
of
his
prejudice
;
which
neglect
of
his
gaue
way
to
those
which
practised
those
deceipts
,
and
in
time
grew
to
that
highth
,
as
the
whole
common
wealth
felt
the
smart
thereof
;
and
forced
all
sorts
appertayning
to
those
trades
to
seeke
for
redresse
,
and
to
make
seuere
Lawes
for
the
punishment
of
those
deceits
,
appointing
searchers
and
ouer-seers
for
that
purpose
,
with
diuers
orders
concerning
the
same
;
and
perceiuing
that
the
small
fee
of
the
Alneger
caused
him
to
neglect
the
search
,
the
fee
was
augmented
from
a
halfepenie
to
two
pence
,
and
so
for
a
time
carefully
executed
:
but
the
former
mischiefe
,
which
caused
the
prouision
of
those
Lawes
and
orders
,
in
short
time
crept
in
againe
,
more
daungerous
,
and
the
office
of
search
worse
executed
with
the
fee
of
two
pence
than
before
with
the
Alnegers
farthing
:
better
it
were
such
search
should
bee
forborne
,
than
so
faslly
perfourmed
,
nor
will
it
euer
be
truely
executed
but
by
the
Alneger
,
who
hath
euer
brought
all
questions
and
punishment
vpon
all
faults
yet
brought
to
light
.
The
Alneger
is
fittest
for
that
place
considering
his
credit
and
trust
with
the
Kings
Seale
,
which
hee
is
made
Chauncellor
of
for
that
purpose
,
and
that
all
the
imputation
of
false
Cloth
and
false
sealing
is
laid
vpon
it
;
so
that
both
our
nation
and
our
Kings
imperiall
armes
are
scandalized
in
all
foreine
parts
.
How
carefull
haue
former
Kings
been
to
haue
the
Alneger
sufficient
in
all
points
:
The
most
reuerent
Diuine
,
if
he
touch
the
finnes
of
the
wicked
to
the
quick
,
shall
sooner
moue
them
to
railing
than
to
reformation
,
but
the
malice
of
euil
people
is
not
to
be
regarded
.
Here
might
question
bee
made
,
wherefore
the
Alneger
should
now
stirre
more
than
of
late
times
:
It
was
his
vsuall
course
,
to
take
his
money
for
the
seale
and
so
to
bee
quiet
:
Why
should
he
trouble
himselfe
with
such
labour
that
will
breed
enuie
to
him
,
and
vexation
to
others
.
It
must
be
aunswered
that
although
hee
hath
long
time
lyen
a
sleepe
,
the
necessitie
of
the
time
,
and
loud
clamours
of
abuses
hath
awakt
him
.
His
charge
and
duetie
to
the
office
,
his
seruice
to
the
King
,
his
maintenaunce
of
the
trade
that
must
mayntaine
him
,
and
benefit
to
the
common
wealth
,
sets
him
on
foot
to
performe
that
which
no
other
can
doe
:
wherein
hee
will
ay
me
at
two
things
,
the
general
good
,
and
his
priuat
profit
.
Since
his
forbearance
much
power
and
profit
hath
been
drawne
from
him
by
vsurpation
,
which
he
may
easily
recouer
,
as
braunches
pluckt
from
his
bodie
.
The
measuring
of
silke
,
linnen
,
yea
and
of
some
sorts
of
wollen
cloth
,
are
made
petty
offices
,
and
held
by
those
which
haue
no
right
thereunto
.
Euerie
inferiour
Magistrate
will
take
vpon
him
to
establish
offices
,
which
shall
contradict
the
appointment
of
the
King
and
his
Lawes
.
Who
is
the
measurer
of
all
saleable
Clothes
,
or
all
commodities
measurable
,
but
onely
hee
?
not
onely
appointed
by
seuerall
Statutes
,
but
also
confirmed
by
the
kings
graunt
by
letters
patents
.
It
is
appointed
an
office
at
the
common
Law
,
CHAP.
4.
The
manner
of
search
and
searchers
now
vsed
.
THe
Law
hath
effectually
prouided
for
the
search
in
all
points
,
that
in
euerie
place
where
cloth
is
made
and
fold
,
two
,
foure
,
six
,
or
eight
shall
bee
appointed
for
the
search
thereof
,
that
it
be
arcording
to
law
.
Those
searchers
to
bee
able
and
sufficient
in
wealth
and
knowledge
,
that
they
shall
be
sworne
to
doe
it
vprightly
?
and
bound
in
fortie
pounds
a
peece
,
not
to
neglect
it
,
that
they
shal
performe
that
search
,
once
in
euery
moneth
at
the
least
,
and
enter
into
the
houses
,
shops
,
or
other
places
which
harbour
any
cloth
,
there
to
feeke
for
faultie
cloth
which
might
otherwise
bee
concealed
or
hidden
from
them
,
and
great
penaltie
laid
on
those
which
shall
resist
or
denie
any
of
them
.
For
those
clothes
which
are
sealed
by
them
,
the
law
directs
their
order
,
appointing
the
seuerall
penalties
on
euerie
fault
,
and
how
the
same
shall
bee
disposed
.
If
the
Magistrates
or
Iustices
of
any
place
neglect
the
choise
of
such
searchers
,
then
a
penaltie
is
laid
on
them
for
that
default
:
But
this
search
and
orders
are
grossely
abused
in
seueral
kindes
.
In
many
places
are
no
searchers
at
all
appointed
:
In
some
places
the
Clothiers
and
makers
keepe
a
searched
seale
of
their
owne
,
to
set
on
what
they
please
:
but
in
most
places
those
searchers
chosen
are
vnsufficient
in
knowledge
to
performe
their
place
,
or
in
ability
to
answere
the
penalties
;
if
they
be
of
knowledge
,
then
are
they
such
which
be
seruants
,
or
workmen
to
those
Clothiers
or
makers
which
are
the
offenders
,
whom
they
dare
not
punish
nor
offend
:
and
to
auoide
their
breach
of
oath
,
will
send
boies
or
other
like
people
to
performe
their
place
,
and
set
on
the
seale
;
else
will
they
lend
that
seale
to
euerie
one
which
demands
it
,
by
which
meanes
they
saue
their
oathes
in
seeing
no
faults
,
and
for
their
bonds
they
prouide
for
the
safety
of
them
,
by
a
combination
betweene
the
Clothiers
&
themselues
,
none
can
challenge
them
,
but
those
which
will
keepe
their
counsell
;
when
any
choise
is
to
be
made
,
then
are
the
clothiers
suiters
to
the
Iustices
for
such
men
as
they
nominate
,
which
are
according
to
their
owne
hearts
,
which
request
of
theirs
is
seldome
denied
:
So
there
are
often
chosen
Taylors
,
glouers
,
tanners
,
butchers
,
smiths
,
or
such
like
,
which
haue
no
judgement
at
all
in
Cloth
,
nor
the
place
.
If
malefactors
of
the
Law
might
chuse
their
Iudge
and
Iurie
,
they
would
seldome
be
cast
.
The
best
search
made
by
the
searchers
in
any
place
,
is
but
to
cast
the
Clothes
into
skales
to
see
if
they
be
weight
or
no
,
which
if
any
do
want
,
the
clothier
supplies
that
want
with
stones
,
bricks
,
lead
,
leaden
weights
,
and
other
ponderous
things
which
they
conuey
into
light
cloth
to
make
it
hold
weight
,
which
is
easily
done
in
regard
those
cloths
brought
to
their
beame
,
are
alwais
made
vp
hard
with
tacking
and
binding
,
that
without
opening
,
those
deceits
cannot
be
found
,
which
they
neuer
doe
,
yet
ought
to
see
the
cloth
quight
through
from
end
to
end
,
and
to
notifie
the
faults
vpon
the
seale
.
If
by
chance
a
fault
appeares
vnto
them
which
they
cannot
auoid
,
seeing
,
for
they
striue
to
let
al
passe
in
such
sort
as
their
knowledge
shold
not
be
charged
then
do
they
punish
the
clothier
for
that
fault
,
as
the
Frier
whipt
the
Nun
with
a
Fox
taile
,
but
there
is
not
one
fault
amongst
a
thousand
called
in
question
.
Againe
,
if
question
be
made
in
some
places
,
then
doth
the
Major
there
take
vpon
him
more
than
the
Lord
Treasurer
,
to
determin
the
cause
,
claiming
a
right
vnto
all
these
sorf
.
due
to
them
,
and
so
as
it
were
hold
an
exchequer
in
euerie
pettie
town
:
in
other
places
,
the
Iust.
of
Peace
decide
those
causes
at
their
quarter
sessions
,
and
so
complaints
past
ouer
according
as
the
offendors
make
friends
with
them
.
To
maintaine
this
authoritie
,
they
take
hold
o●
the
statute
of
39
El.
c.
20.
But
that
branch
is
repealed
by
4.
Iac.
cap.
2.
yet
still
by
them
put
in
practise
.
One
principal
thing
is
to
be
considered
,
That
so
many
thousands
of
defectiue
cloths
made
within
this
realme
,
as
the
smart
thereof
is
too
truely
found
,
yet
are
there
none
presented
in
the
kings
Majesties
Exchequer
,
but
the
abuses
still
maintained
,
the
common
wealth
wronged
,
the
king
depriued
of
his
benefit
,
and
the
offendors
escape
without
punishment
,
all
this
is
certaine
,
and
well
knowne
to
all
men
.
CHAP.
5.
The
seuerall
faults
and
abuses
practized
in
Cloth
.
IN
discouering
of
deceit
,
some
cauilling
humour
may
obiect
,
it
will
rather
serue
for
instruction
to
farther
practize
than
preuento
future
harme
.
It
is
aunswered
,
that
those
practitioners
in
these
abuses
are
so
deepely
experienced
therein
,
beeing
in
common
vse
of
them
,
as
all
other
wits
can
giue
them
no
more
direction
.
The
purpose
heere
intended
,
is
to
vnmaske
the
face
of
falshoode
:
which
seemes
that
it
is
not
,
and
to
giue
knowledge
thereof
to
those
that
are
wronged
.
The
art
of
Conycatching
was
a
secret
Mysterie
,
vntill
a
booke
of
discouerie
came
forth
,
which
could
not
teach
them
who
were
perfect
in
their
lesson
without
booke
,
but
cause
the
simple
to
see
,
and
the
wisest
to
shunne
their
subtle
snares
prouided
to
catch
their
gulls
.
The
cause
heere
handled
is
nothing
inferiour
to
theirs
in
cunning
,
but
much
more
beyond
them
in
preiudice
,
by
the
many
more
in
number
which
feele
the
smart
therof
;
wishing
this
briefe
relation
might
so
effectually
reueale
the
deceits
,
as
it
might
publiquely
bee
knowne
aswell
no
those
which
indure
the
damage
as
them
which
commit
the
crimes
:
and
although
euery
particular
fault
cannot
bee
heere
described
,
by
reason
of
their
numbers
(
which
were
too
tedious
)
yet
the
principals
shall
bee
touched
vpon
which
the
rest
depend
:
hee
that
seeth
a
tree
may
easily
viewe
the
bodie
but
hardly
number
the
leaues
,
but
the
tree
beeing
felled
the
leaues
soone
die
.
Herewithall
a
difference
must
bee
noted
betweene
the
opinion
of
some
people
,
and
the
true
intent
of
the
law
.
There
are
many
sorts
of
cloth
or
stuffes
lately
inuented
,
which
haue
got
newe
god
fathers
to
name
them
in
fantasticall
fashion
,
that
they
which
weare
them
,
know
not
how
to
name
them
,
which
are
generally
called
newe
draperie
,
what
hold
canne
the
lawe
take
of
them
?
In
the
first
lawe
,
the
cloth
raye
was
vnderstood
and
colored
clothes
what
sizes
they
should
contain
in
length
and
breadth
;
since
that
time
prouision
made
by
lawes
,
for
broad
clothes
,
kersies
,
dozens
,
penistones
,
cottons
,
and
such
like
to
containe
length
,
breadth
,
and
weight
appointed
:
but
these
new
deuices
are
out
of
the
reach
of
those
lawes
,
and
free
to
bee
made
as
it
shall
please
the
maker
without
contradiction
.
To
answere
the
same
,
the
briginall
and
ground
is
to
bee
vnderstood
,
the
wooll
paies
subsidie
,
and
the
leugth
of
euerie
peece
allowes
alnage
,
and
although
the
conuerting
of
wools
(
whose
condition
yields
to
diuers
inuentions
)
be
altered
from
clothes
to
stuffes
,
shal
the
king
lose
his
subsidy
,
or
the
Alneger
his
see
?
no
,
it
was
long
time
since
ordained
by
statute
,
that
all
sorts
of
clothes
,
although
not
of
assise
,
should
pay
subsidie
and
alnage
.
And
now
of
late
yeres
,
the
said
new
deuises
are
growne
to
that
quantitie
as
the
old
sort
of
clothing
is
much
impaired
,
and
that
greatly
increased
,
which
is
not
to
bee
discommended
,
in
regard
it
vents
our
woolles
,
and
imploies
our
people
.
But
if
gouernement
and
orders
were
not
prouided
to
maintaine
it
,
in
short
time
wee
should
find
that
as
the
same
had
eaten
out
the
auntient
drapery
;
so
falshood
would
ruyne
that
,
and
leaue
the
people
without
imployment
.
Why
should
there
bee
a
distinguishment
betweene
old
drapery
and
newe
,
when
the
law
allowes
but
one
draperie
:
As
the
condition
of
water
may
bee
conueied
diuers
waies
by
riuers
,
springs
,
conduits
,
wells
,
pumpes
,
fountaines
,
pipes
,
ponds
,
and
a
number
of
seuerall
meanes
,
yet
no
alteration
of
the
nature
thereof
;
so
may
woolls
bee
conuerted
into
diuers
properties
:
but
yet
the
end
and
purpose
of
the
same
,
to
serue
mans
vse
and
wearing
as
broadcloth
and
auntient
cloth
did
.
If
wee
should
haue
a
new
law
for
euerie
new
name
of
stuffe
now
made
and
named
,
the
king
must
keepe
a
perpetuall
Parliament
to
ordaine
for
them
.
There
was
of
late
a
mad
braind
felowe
which
came
by
a
company
of
workemen
that
were
digging
vp
of
a
well
to
plant
a
pumpe
in
the
place
;
hee
demaunded
who
set
them
a
worke
,
they
answered
the
parson
,
churchwardens
,
and
maisters
of
the
parish
;
he
replyed
againe
they
vnderstood
not
themselues
,
for
thereby
they
should
bee
forced
to
alter
their
church
booke
,
wherein
it
was
written
,
Praise
God
all
yee
springs
and
wells
,
and
now
it
must
bee
Praise
God
all
yee
springs
and
pumps
;
which
fryuolous
and
vaine
question
of
his
,
may
bee
compared
to
their
exception
,
which
will
goe
no
farther
then
the
word
of
the
law
,
and
neuer
looke
to
the
true
intent
of
the
same
.
Woolles
beeing
an
excellent
commoditie
of
it selfe
,
and
naturally
without
deceit
,
is
commonly
abused
by
mingling
in
diuers
kinds
,
Then
the
mingling
of
fine
floxe
with
long
wools
yet
course
,
which
beeing
carded
together
doth
holde
spinning
and
working
but
most
deceitfull
in
vse
and
wearing
.
The
vse
of
short
thrums
is
likewise
so
ordered
,
which
they
take
and
shred
into
short
length
,
and
then
lay
it
in
steepe
in
strong
lye
or
liquor
which
openeth
the
threds
into
wooll
againe
,
then
card
it
with
other
wooll
which
is
worse
than
the
flox
by
making
more
vneuen
in
the
spinning
.
This
abuse
hath
been
put
in
practize
so
intollerable
,
that
it
is
certainely
knowne
clothes
haue
been
made
with
two
parts
,
floxe
and
thrums
,
and
but
one
part
in
wooll
;
which
hath
seemed
good
to
the
eye
,
but
in
the
wearing
such
weake
strength
as
would
not
endure
a
fourth
part
of
time
like
the
perfit
cloth
.
If
any
make
question
,
whether
those
flox
,
thrums
,
or
sorts
of
wooll
should
bee
cast
away
or
not
put
to
vse
:
It
is
knowne
that
seuerall
sorts
of
commodities
are
appointed
wherein
they
may
bee
lawfully
put
to
vse
,
and
verie
vendible
;
but
they
with
wicked
purpose
conuert
them
to
great
gaine
,
but
greater
hurt
,
worse
than
casting
drosse
into
fine
gold
,
which
is
easily
found
by
the
basenesse
,
and
may
bee
purified
againe
,
but
this
abuse
is
like
a
poyson
not
found
till
past
cure
.
In
slaying
of
their
warps
they
will
cast
the
yarne
to
proue
fine
about
a
foot
broad
by
the
listes
,
which
is
so
far
as
commonly
the
merchant
or
buyer
lookes
into
them
,
nor
can
they
hauing
the
clothes
pleighted
and
bound
together
with
threds
,
which
will
suffer
no
farther
search
into
them
,
vnlesse
they
should
cut
them
vp
,
which
is
seldome
or
neuer
done
,
the
rest
of
the
cloth
wrapt
through
with
a
far
courser
yarne
verie
deceiuably
.
A
common
thing
it
is
for
the
weauer
to
couer
a
course
warpe
with
a
fine
woofe
,
the
warp
beeing
spon
hard
and
small
,
and
the
woofe
soft
and
round
to
couer
the
warpe
from
sight
,
which
in
the
working
may
somewhat
appeare
,
but
in
the
wearing
throughly
found
,
that
is
a
daiely
practize
especially
on
clothes
sould
rough
.
Besides
they
haue
a
practize
in
their
woofe
to
shut
in
a
fine
woofe
at
both
ends
of
their
cloth
,
which
serueth
for
a
muster
to
shewe
,
but
all
the
rest
of
the
cloth
farre
worse
;
the
same
ends
also
are
better
driuen
in
the
loome
with
better
workemanship
.
If
a
cloth
proue
slender
,
and
will
not
thick
kindly
in
the
mill
by
reason
of
his
defects
,
then
haue
they
medicine
to
helpe
it
with
oatmeale
and
such
like
,
which
will
remaine
in
the
cloth
and
make
it
seeme
fast
and
thicke
in
the
hand
,
vntill
it
come
to
the
dressing
,
where
all
that
stopping
vanisheth
,
leauing
it
to
shame
by
the
true
fight
of
his
substance
.
When
a
cloth
wanteth
some
of
his
substance
or
allowance
in
yarne
,
which
would
soone
bee
found
beeing
cleane
scoured
,
thicked
,
and
dried
,
they
will
not
scoure
the
same
cloth
cleane
,
but
leaue
a
bad
substance
of
oyle
and
seame
in
it
,
thicking
it
vp
in
the
same
filth
,
which
proueth
noisome
in
vse
and
wearing
.
When
such
clothes
haue
beene
so
strained
,
the
tenter
hookes
leaue
an
euident
marke
vpon
them
alongst
the
lists
,
and
at
both
endes
,
which
would
plainely
tell
where
they
had
beene
,
and
how
vsed
;
but
they
haue
a
tricke
to
hide
that
fault
,
for
with
a
wet
cloth
and
a
hotte
Iron
,
they
ouer
runne
those
lists
and
ends
which
shutteth
vp
the
marks
or
tongues
of
the
tenter
,
as
that
shall
tell
no
tales
.
If
the
cloth
by
the
same
tentring
doe
proue
hollowe
in
hand
,
then
doe
they
also
ouer
runne
the
same
cloth
with
that
hot
Iron
about
a
span
deepe
from
the
listes
,
for
the
binding
of
the
cloth
vp
with
threds
keeps
it
from
farther
sight
,
which
deuise
makes
the
cloth
feele
close
in
hand
in
that
place
,
howsoeuer
the
rest
fall
out
.
Those
clothes
which
fall
out
much
too
light
they
will
let
hang
abroad
in
an
euening
,
sometime
all
night
,
to
receiue
the
dew
,
or
else
to
spout
warme
water
into
it
,
which
will
make
it
weigh
heauier
by
eight
pounds
,
besides
,
to
feele
more
kindly
in
hand
:
this
is
so
cunningly
done
that
it
is
hardly
to
bee
perceiued
,
yet
many
of
them
so
ouerdone
therewith
as
they
are
returned
againe
from
beyond
the
seas
rotten
with
the
same
vsage
.
In
the
tentring
of
cloth
,
which
is
allowed
to
straine
but
halfe
a
quarter
in
breath
,
and
a
yard
in
length
vpon
a
whole
broadcloth
:
It
is
knowne
that
diuers
is
strained
a
quarter
and
a
halfe
in
breadth
,
and
fiue
yards
in
length
,
so
that
a
cloth
strained
to
thirtie
yards
,
beeing
wet
againe
hath
lost
aboue
a
third
part
in
length
and
breadth
.
And
a
kersie
allowed
to
bee
strained
one
naile
in
breadth
,
and
halfe
a
yard
in
length
and
no
more
:
It
hath
beene
knowne
that
a
Deuon-shire
kersie
of
twelue
yards
hath
beene
strained
a
quarter
of
a
yard
in
breadth
and
three
yards
in
length
:
so
that
in
breadth
and
length
the
tentors
lends
them
the
one
halfe
of
the
peece
,
which
as
soone
as
it
comes
to
water
flyes
away
inuisible
to
his
owne
countrie
,
but
neuer
to
be
found
againe
.
The
like
abuse
in
other
sorts
of
kersie
and
narrowe
clothes
.
If
a
cloth
by
much
milling
is
run
in
,
which
may
cause
them
more
labour
to
bring
vnto
the
length
and
breadth
they
appoint
to
,
then
will
they
vse
warme
water
in
the
tentring
thereof
,
but
commonly
the
warmth
of
the
sunne
which
they
alwaies
obserue
will
make
a
cloth
yeeld
any
way
in
stretching
:
so
they
doe
make
the
glorious
sunne
(
which
God
hath
sent
for
comfort
to
the
world
)
to
bee
accessary
to
their
vild
abuse
,
in
giuing
them
such
helpe
:
So
doe
the
wicked
often
turne
Gods
best
blessings
into
the
worst
vses
.
In
the
finishing
of
their
worke
of
rowing
and
shearing
they
will
vse
a
deceit
with
flox
of
the
same
colour
of
the
cloth
,
which
they
can
sheare
as
small
as
dust
,
which
mixt
with
solace
,
they
spread
vpon
the
musters
,
and
where
the
cloth
may
bee
seene
,
which
makes
it
seeme
much
finer
than
it
is
,
and
feele
more
substantiall
in
hand
;
but
the
same
cloth
lying
a
while
after
the
dressing
,
the
solace
drieth
vp
,
and
then
the
same
flox
flyeth
away
leaning
the
cloth
in
his
owne
nature
againe
.
a
huling
,
a
plounket
,
a
watchet
,
anazur
,
&
a
blew
,
euery
one
of
these
exceeding
each
other
in
value
,
yet
euery
one
of
them
fit
for
some
colours
:
Now
if
these
degrees
were
truely
expressed
on
the
woaded
seale
,
then
might
the
buyer
knowe
the
trueth
of
each
colour
,
and
cause
a
reformation
of
that
intollerable
abuse
,
which
doth
daily
cause
such
numbers
of
our
cloths
and
stuffes
,
to
bee
caried
out
of
the
realme
to
bee
dressed
and
died
,
to
the
great
preiudice
of
many
of
the
Kings
maiesties
subiects
which
might
be
wel
maintained
vpon
those
imployments
:
the
trueth
of
the
colour
is
as
materiall
as
the
goodnesse
of
the
cloth
,
for
as
oftentimes
good
cloth
is
spoyled
by
a
bad
colour
,
so
doth
a
good
colour
often
mend
and
preferre
a
meane
cloth
,
therefore
as
needefull
to
bee
prouided
for
some
:
Againe
the
want
of
the
clothiers
marke
may
sometimes
come
by
negligence
of
the
weauer
,
but
often
pretended
wilfully
,
either
in
regard
of
the
falshood
of
the
Cloth
which
makes
them
shame
to
set
their
marke
,
or
els
intending
to
put
another
mans
marke
in
it
,
which
they
commonly
doe
without
weauing
,
sowing
the
same
being
taw
,
and
so
milled
vpon
it
:
but
verie
fit
it
is
that
euerie
marke
should
bee
wouen
in
the
cloth
,
to
draw
them
to
perfect
making
,
for
the
credit
of
their
markes
.
A
sort
of
cloth
is
made
called
Manchester
or
Lancashire
plaines
to
make
cottons
,
which
containe
about
a
yard
in
breadth
:
these
are
often
bought
by
merchants
and
others
,
which
cut
them
in
length
according
to
a
kersie
,
and
hath
them
dressed
and
dyed
in
forme
to
a
kersie
,
the
which
are
not
onely
vented
into
forein
parts
,
but
many
of
them
vented
in
the
Realme
;
which
cloth
proues
verie
vnprofitable
in
wearing
.
Also
there
haue
some
merchants
caused
counterfeit
Deuonshire
kersies
to
bee
made
in
Yorkshire
out
of
washers
or
halfethicks
,
which
haue
contained
such
length
and
breadth
with
stop
lists
,
like
those
Deuonshire
kersies
,
which
they
haue
caused
to
be
dressed
,
died
,
&
pressed
with
the
hot
presse
,
and
so
sent
beyond
the
Seas
in
the
name
of
Deuonshire
kersies
,
to
the
great
discredit
of
that
sort
of
Cloth
:
besides
,
there
is
a
greedie
desire
in
some
merchants
,
who
cause
the
Clothier
to
make
their
cloths
of
extraordinarie
length
,
that
is
to
say
,
the
substance
and
length
of
a
cloth
and
a
halfe
into
one
cloth
,
&
if
they
cannot
get
them
made
so
,
then
they
will
cut
Cloths
and
draw
three
cloths
into
two
so
cunningly
as
can
hardly
be
found
:
this
is
done
,
to
deceiue
the
king
of
his
customes
and
other
dueties
.
Some
Drapers
haue
made
practise
to
draw
the
forell
of
a
fine
Kentish
Cloth
vpon
a
Northen
Dozen
,
so
cunningly
as
could
not
easily
be
perceiued
,
which
forell
by
the
Alnegers
negligence
hath
had
the
kings
armes
with
the
name
of
that
countie
vpon
it
,
whereas
he
ought
to
set
it
within
the
Cloth
.
The
sent
of
those
Northen
Dozens
hath
been
taken
away
,
first
by
ayring
,
and
afterwards
with
liquors
or
powders
:
so
the
buyers
haue
not
had
onely
the
forels
to
deceiue
them
,
but
in
false
manner
,
the
kings
seale
hath
beene
made
vse
of
to
that
purpose
:
and
then
the
deceiuer
to
conclude
all
,
layes
his
hand
vpon
the
forell
,
and
with
an
equinocating
oath
,
sweares
this
Kentish
cloth
cost
him
so
much
.
There
is
also
a
late
commoditie
in
great
vse
of
making
within
this
kingdome
,
CHAP.
6.
The
inconuenience
and
hurt
by
these
abuses
.
WHilest
the
true
making
of
Cloth
indured
in
reasonable
maner
it
was
most
vendible
in
al
parts
,
&
so
much
desired
,
that
foreine
Merchants
did
vsually
come
into
this
realme
,
to
fetch
them
away
:
but
since
deceit
crept
in
,
he
hath
grown
greater
,
and
increased
euery
day
,
the
trade
still
declining
from
bad
to
worse
,
and
now
to
worst
of
all
,
like
Iuie
,
which
being
suffered
,
claspeth
the
tree
so
hard
,
that
in
time
the
bodie
dies
thereby
.
What
maketh
those
now
to
refuse
our
Cloth
being
brought
to
their
owne
dores
,
which
before
time
earnestly
sought
it
at
ours
?
falshood
.
What
makes
the
Gentleman
complaine
of
his
Wooll
which
lyes
on
his
hand
?
The
clothier
complaine
of
his
dead
sales
?
The
Merchant
complaine
on
his
losse
?
all
but
falshood
.
What
will
this
come
vnto
?
Nay
what
is
it
come
to
alreadie
?
The
Authors
of
this
euill
,
both
the
bad
Clothier
&
the
bad
merchant
,
are
surfeited
with
their
sweet
meat
,
like
Prodigals
that
spend
their
patrimony
in
a
moment
,
which
might
wel
serue
them
&
their
posterity
:
deceits
cannot
indure
,
especially
whom
that
it
growes
violent
,
nor
can
they
throw
it
so
far
off
,
but
that
it
will
rebound
back
to
them
which
threw
it
.
How
thicke
are
certificats
of
falshood
returned
vpon
our
Merchants
from
beyond
the
seas
?
so
that
they
know
no
end
of
their
trouble
,
nor
certaine
of
their
gaine
or
losse
vntill
their
moneys
be
receiued
,
and
abatements
deducted
.
Bad
wares
are
the
breeders
of
bad
debts
and
desperat
hazards
,
wherewith
both
Merchaunts
and
makers
are
extreamely
punisht
:
when
a
complement
of
defectiue
cloth
is
made
,
the
owner
is
often
inforced
to
barter
for
as
bad
a
commoditie
,
a
hilding
for
a
Iade
,
or
else
to
deliuer
it
out
with
a
handfull
of
that
sweet
hearbe
time
,
but
receiue
it
with
a
backe
burden
of
the
bitter
hearbe
Rew.
So
heere
is
aduenture
increased
,
in
which
point
the
Merchant
far
exceeds
the
maker
▪
Yet
the
maker
is
an
aduenturer
,
who
hath
his
goods
and
substance
dispersed
into
many
hands
,
yea
and
amongst
the
poorer
sort
,
of
diuers
conditions
,
whose
fingers
are
like
thornie
bushes
which
the
sheep
must
go
through
,
in
euerie
of
which
,
do
what
he
can
,
he
shall
leaue
a
locke
of
his
fleece
behind
him
,
and
although
he
preserue
the
principall
,
yet
will
a
part
be
detained
indirectly
:
Then
when
he
hath
with
great
care
and
time
finisht
his
worke
,
he
must
vndergoe
a
doubtful
Market
,
and
often
light
on
a
bad
marchant
,
which
defeats
him
of
all
:
yet
herein
is
his
comfort
;
for
his
worke
folke
,
they
are
within
the
compasse
of
his
view
,
and
seldome
faile
,
by
reason
of
their
continual
dependance
;
for
his
Markets
he
doth
weekely
know
his
worst
;
and
for
his
Merchant
,
he
may
daily
see
or
beare
from
him
at
the
Royal-Exchange
,
if
his
dealing
be
in
London
,
&
in
other
places
within
the
Realme
in
like
manner
.
Wherefore
,
his
frazards
are
but
petie
aduentures
in
regard
of
the
Merchants
.
For
when
those
commodities
are
fastned
on
the
merchant
,
he
must
indure
a
number
of
dangerous
aduentures
,
both
outward
and
inward
,
shipwracks
at
Sea
,
peril
of
Pirats
,
and
other
robbers
;
at
his
place
of
sale
,
there
he
must
giue
credit
to
those
hee
neuer
saw
,
and
such
as
neither
liue
in
his
religion
nor
Law
,
he
must
abide
to
answer
all
defects
found
,
where
our
owne
Laws
shal
be
alledged
to
punish
them
who
before
was
not
priuie
to
the
offence
.
If
they
escape
confiscation
,
yet
shall
they
be
sure
of
intollerable
abatements
,
with
bad
words
,
and
shamefull
reproches
;
they
must
stand
to
the
honesty
of
their
factors
,
which
often
proue
false
,
and
the
daunger
of
the
Countrie
often
subject
to
change
.
These
and
many
other
casualties
causeth
cares
to
abridge
his
rest
,
and
keepes
him
waking
when
others
sleepe
,
euerie
stormie
wind
breedes
his
feare
,
and
euerie
flying
report
makes
him
doubtfull
,
and
not
without
great
cause
,
seeing
so
many
fall
so
lainly
to
the
vtter
ouerthrow
,
not
onely
of
themselues
,
but
diuers
other
depending
vpon
them
,
like
to
the
fall
of
a
mightie
Tree
,
which
crusheth
downe
the
vnder
shrubs
about
him
,
so
farre
as
his
fall
did
reach
.
Therefore
the
chiefe
remedie
to
preuent
much
of
this
mischiefe
,
is
to
deale
in
loyall
and
perfect
commodities
,
which
will
with
credit
abide
his
time
for
Market
,
when
the
other
by
long
lying
looseth
still
,
both
in
goodnes
and
credit
;
procuring
hastie
bargains
,
that
brings
after
repentance
.
In
Prouinces
beyond
the
bounds
of
Christendome
,
God
is
blasphemed
,
our
Religion
reuiled
,
and
our
people
mistearmed
in
beastly
manner
:
when
a
Turke
or
Infidell
brusheth
his
garment
bare
,
that
he
may
number
the
threeds
,
and
find
it
to
haue
feeling
fence
to
runne
in
at
a
wet
showre
,
or
a
hot
Iron
,
then
our
Christian
profession
is
called
in
question
by
those
prophane
people
,
who
measure
our
faith
by
our
works
.
In
kingdomes
nere
vs
,
these
abuses
haue
been
found
so
odious
,
and
their
people
so
much
wronged
,
that
they
haue
made
lawes
and
edicts
,
to
banish
our
cloth
out
of
their
countries
,
rather
desiring
our
wools
,
wherewith
they
can
make
true
commodities
.
This
hath
set
diuers
countries
on
work
,
in
making
of
cloth
,
which
serueth
those
places
of
traffike
,
where
we
did
vse
to
commerce
,
diuers
workemen
haue
gone
out
of
this
Land
,
to
make
vse
of
their
practise
and
liuing
there
,
where
they
are
intertained
,
and
daily
increase
:
In
our
owne
Countrie
,
where
much
of
our
Wooll
may
bee
vented
,
the
falshood
of
clothing
is
so
common
,
that
euerie
one
striueth
to
weare
any
thing
rather
than
cloth
:
if
a
gentleman
make
a
liuerie
for
his
man
,
in
the
first
showre
of
raine
it
may
fit
his
Page
for
bignesse
,
and
for
the
colours
and
other
conditions
in
it
,
after
a
moneths
wearing
,
it
will
looke
like
a
souldiers
coat
which
hath
line
sixe
moneths
out
of
garrison
.
It
hath
bin
knowne
that
a
poore
man
,
getting
so
much
money
together
with
care
and
trauell
as
would
buy
him
a
suit
of
cloth
,
and
taking
his
Taylor
with
him
,
who
seeing
the
cloth
,
hath
justly
told
him
how
much
would
serue
to
make
his
Ierkin
,
and
breeches
which
he
hath
bought
accordingly
,
afterwards
counceld
by
that
Taylor
,
to
cast
his
Cloth
in
the
water
,
to
make
it
more
seruiceable
,
which
he
so
doing
,
hath
quite
lost
his
Ierkin
,
and
hauing
no
more
money
,
was
forced
to
goe
cold
all
winter
in
his
vpper
parts
:
this
in
some
degree
may
be
accounted
sacriledge
,
to
rob
the
poore
;
what
are
the
inconueniences
that
are
drawne
on
by
these
meanes
?
first
,
indignitie
to
our
king
,
whose
seale
is
fixt
on
this
cloth
,
iniurie
to
our
nation
that
workes
abuse
on
this
cloth
,
infamie
to
our selues
that
weare
some
part
of
this
Cloth
,
and
vtter
ruine
of
all
benefits
which
should
arise
by
this
cloth
.
It
is
high
time
to
looke
out
,
when
the
fire
hath
caught
hold
of
the
house
end
;
if
it
be
not
preuented
by
quenching
it
will
soone
consume
to
the
ground
,
and
it
is
doubtfull
whether
these
enormities
are
incurable
or
no
:
the
plant
of
falshood
is
grown
so
great
and
antient
,
that
it
may
be
supposed
rather
to
breake
than
bend
,
but
extraordinarie
means
and
paines
must
be
applied
to
the
cause
,
which
may
be
recouered
by
good
industrie
.
CHAP.
VII
.
The
remedie
to
be
made
by
the
Alnegers
prouision
.
AS
this
full
growne
euill
hath
now
procured
a
daungerous
hurt
,
so
hath
it
verie
happily
falne
out
in
a
time
which
can
afford
an
especiall
remedie
.
When
this
kingdome
was
diuided
amongst
seuen
kings
,
it
was
vnder
a
strange
gouernement
:
when
there
was
twise
seuen
Alnegers
in
the
realme
,
there
was
neither
law
nor
order
obserued
amongst
them
;
but
all
they
sought
was
gaine
,
and
how
to
intrude
into
each
others
benefit
:
if
a
Clothier
or
offender
were
interrupted
in
his
falshood
within
one
Countie
,
he
could
freely
exercise
the
same
in
another
;
where
he
should
be
willingly
receiued
,
because
he
augmented
that
Alnegers
profit
.
But
now
,
thankes
be
to
God
,
wee
liue
vnder
one
gratious
Prince
,
who
ordaines
no
diuersitie
of
Lawes
;
but
hath
prouided
one
order
of
gouernement
for
all
;
So
that
ill
diuided
office
of
Alnage
which
ran
to
ruine
in
many
hands
,
is
now
reduced
into
one
worthie
mans
hands
;
which
hath
not
only
power
to
command
,
but
also
will
to
performe
all
meanes
,
and
courses
,
which
may
tend
to
the
reformation
of
this
grieuous
enormitie
:
In
this
busines
many
hands
must
bee
imployed
,
whose
worke
may
seeme
harsh
to
those
which
shall
be
put
out
of
their
wonted
course
:
But
it
is
not
their
content
that
is
sought
;
vnto
a
generall
good
euerie
perticular
help
must
bee
applied
,
heere
must
bee
more
paines
in
the
Alneger
,
more
care
and
truth
in
the
workman
,
and
more
trouble
to
the
clothier
,
but
all
to
a
good
and
profitable
end
.
The
first
thing
to
bee
looked
vnto
,
is
the
condition
of
the
clothiers
and
makers
of
cloth
,
stuffes
,
and
commodities
belonging
to
this
gouernment
,
which
at
this
time
is
much
differing
from
law
or
order
,
many
of
them
vnexperienced
and
vsurpers
of
the
trade
,
who
not
being
masters
thereof
through
want
of
knowledge
commit
most
of
these
abuses
.
And
whereas
the
law
prouides
that
none
which
professe
those
trades
should
bee
admitted
vnder
seuen
yeares
seruice
in
apprentiship
,
diuers
do
come
into
the
same
with
a
moneths
practize
,
and
cloies
the
Kingdome
with
defectiue
commodities
,
beggering
themselues
,
and
hurting
those
which
should
liue
by
the
same
:
These
people
for
the
most
part
dwelling
in
obscure
places
,
neuer
bringing
their
commodities
to
search
or
seale
,
nor
yeelding
any
duetie
,
liue
rather
like
outlawes
than
subiects
.
There
is
a
petition
vnto
the
Kings
Maiestie
,
extant
from
the
best
clothiers
and
makers
in
diuers
parts
to
this
purpose
,
who
craue
a
corporation
for
the
amendment
of
this
,
which
were
pittie
but
it
should
be
graunted
,
considering
how
many
inferiour
trades
enioies
such
priuiledge
that
gouerne
their
companies
in
good
sort
and
order
.
If
this
were
accomplished
,
the
better
halfe
of
this
great
taske
were
finished
,
and
great
hope
that
our
generall
Alneger
will
procure
it
,
beeing
so
good
an
assistance
to
worke
the
reformation
which
lies
on
his
charge
.
The
dispersing
of
clothiers
and
makers
is
a
principall
cause
to
breed
these
defects
:
whereas
the
lawe
ordaines
that
clothing
shall
not
bee
vsed
but
in
a
citie
,
borough
,
or
market
towne
,
or
else
where
clothing
hath
beene
vsually
,
to
the
end
that
the
eye
of
the
officer
should
bee
vpon
their
doings
:
Now
they
scatter
themselues
in
vnfitting
places
,
and
if
there
bee
but
one
clothier
in
a
parish
hee
will
demaund
an
Alneger
to
attend
him
,
if
not
,
force
the
Alneger
to
come
vnto
his
house
to
seale
his
cloth
,
where
hee
shall
bestowe
twelue
peny
worth
of
labour
for
the
earning
or
receiuing
of
one
groate
:
and
when
hee
comes
thither
hee
shall
find
them
searched
by
his
neighbours
that
hee
hath
caused
to
bee
chosen
searchers
,
who
haue
no
skil
,
or
else
by
his
workman
who
dare
doe
nothing
but
what
himselfe
directeth
,
and
if
the
Alneger
will
sometime
call
their
search
in
question
and
trie
the
cloth
,
hee
shall
neither
haue
place
conuenient
to
view
them
,
nor
weights
of
any
certaintie
to
weigh
them
,
but
such
weights
as
they
will
bring
him
,
which
shall
bee
stones
,
logges
,
and
such
other
things
as
they
will
tell
him
their
weight
,
and
hee
must
beleeue
them
.
There
is
no
officer
vnder
the
king
so
much
deluded
&
abused
as
hee
,
beeing
so
necessarie
for
the
kingdome
and
beneficiall
to
the
crowne
:
Somtime
,
and
in
some
places
they
will
call
him
from
his
rest
at
all
houres
of
the
night
to
performe
his
office
,
not
for
necessitie
,
but
of
purpose
to
disturbe
him
,
with
many
other
iniuries
,
which
they
in
base
manner
haue
offered
him
:
but
herein
himselfe
is
most
to
bee
blamed
,
that
knowing
his
owne
power
and
place
would
suffer
such
indignities
.
The
course
of
these
dayes
is
for
such
as
will
beare
to
haue
greater
burdens
put
vpon
them
than
can
bee
borne
.
It
is
vnknowne
that
any
officer
of
the
Kings
which
hath
the
keeping
and
vse
of
his
seale
should
bee
subiect
to
such
seruitude
,
neither
is
it
conuenient
:
therefore
the
true
course
herein
to
bee
obsetued
,
is
for
the
Alneger
,
to
prouide
in
euerie
place
(
needfull
for
an
Alnegers
residence
)
a
conuenient
roome
for
all
Makers
or
Clothiers
to
come
vnto
,
wherein
must
bee
a
pearch
to
drawe
ouer
the
clothes
,
a
table
to
measure
and
trie
the
clothes
,
and
a
beame
with
true
weights
to
weigh
the
clothes
,
and
the
deputie
not
onely
to
bee
sufficient
in
abilitie
and
knowledge
but
also
bound
,
and
sworne
to
performe
his
office
truely
,
that
hee
shall
bee
there
alwaies
readie
at
conuenient
or
appointed
times
to
make
a
true
search
in
all
points
,
and
in
no
place
elswhere
,
and
vpon
the
altering
of
the
propertie
of
the
cloth
,
to
make
a
new
search
in
these
degrees
:
First
,
if
the
aforesaid
corporation
bee
procured
,
that
then
the
clothes
bee
first
viewed
raw
by
the
wardens
or
assistants
of
that
corporation
,
to
see
whether
the
cloth
bee
made
of
sound
yarne
,
or
any
deceit
bee
wrought
by
the
weauer
,
and
beeing
found
merchantable
to
bee
marked
at
the
head
end
with
a
marke
of
allowance
cut
in
the
cloth
according
to
the
manner
of
search
now
vsed
vpon
raw
Deuonshire
kerfies
,
but
beeing
defectiue
either
to
iagge
the
same
at
both
ends
,
or
cut
off
the
head
forrell
from
the
cloth
,
and
to
set
such
fine
vpon
the
offendor
as
those
Wardens
or
Ouerseers
shall
find
the
fault
deserue
.
But
for
the
Alnegers
charge
,
when
the
cloth
is
thicked
from
the
mill
to
measure
the
same
truely
in
length
and
breadth
,
not
trusting
to
the
clothiers
content
who
will
often
for
the
credit
of
his
cloth
,
set
on
more
length
than
it
doth
truely
containe
;
and
that
the
Alneger
doth
set
on
the
iust
content
in
the
water
,
whatsoeuer
it
contayneth
on
his
seale
,
also
expressing
the
the
narrownesse
or
other
defects
which
hee
shall
find
:
And
against
euerie
fault
in
the
cloth
to
cut
downe
a
notch
of
an
inch
deepe
and
therein
fixe
a
seale
as
may
appeare
to
the
buyer
where
the
fault
is
,
then
when
this
cloth
is
fully
dried
,
that
hee
set
one
the
iust
content
of
weight
also
whatsoeuer
it
shall
weigh
,
all
this
to
bee
done
before
the
kings
seale
bee
fixed
thereunto
.
When
any
of
those
clothes
are
farther
altered
by
dying
,
dressing
,
or
strayning
,
that
hee
cause
those
former
seales
of
the
water
to
remaine
still
vpon
the
cloth
,
to
expresse
what
it
was
,
and
to
set
other
seales
vpon
that
cloth
to
shew
vnto
the
buyer
what
that
cloth
is
strained
vnto
according
to
the
appointment
of
the
Lords
of
his
Maiesties
councell
which
graunted
a
tolleration
for
certaine
clothes
to
bee
strained
,
yet
laid
that
charge
vpon
the
Alneger
,
that
the
difference
betweene
the
water
content
and
strained
length
might
bee
seene
:
If
other
faults
bee
in
that
cloth
either
by
dying
or
dressing
,
that
the
same
bee
also
notified
by
seuerall
seales
:
whether
that
cloth
be
colour
graine
,
woaded
,
or
contrarie
in
false
color
,
so
that
in
of
right
it
ought
to
haue
those
seales
ollowing
.
-
1
A
seale
of
water
length
.
Died
clothes
.
-
2
A
seale
of
narrownesse
and
defects
.
Died
clothes
.
-
3
A
searched
seale
,
with
the
weight
.
Died
clothes
.
-
4
A
seale
for
strained
length
.
Died
clothes
.
-
5
A
seale
for
colour
and
dressing
.
Died
clothes
.
-
6
The
kings
seale
and
countie
.
Died
clothes
.
And
that
euerie
seale
set
on
by
the
Alneger
may
haue
an
especiall
marke
therein
to
signifie
the
place
where
it
was
sealed
,
and
by
whom
,
to
the
end
that
if
any
defects
bee
passed
ouer
by
fauour
or
negligence
in
him
,
he
may
bee
rightly
chalenged
and
punished
for
the
same
according
to
his
error
,
and
that
in
all
searches
hee
bee
both
present
and
principall
,
at
the
rawe
search
with
the
Wardens
or
Ouerseers
,
at
search
from
the
mill
by
himselfe
and
whom
hee
please
,
at
the
search
of
straining
and
dressing
by
himsefe
and
such
workemen
of
iudgement
as
hee
shall
make
choise
for
sufficiencie
,
and
for
the
search
of
dying
to
haue
alwaies
the
true
opinion
of
the
best
experienced
therin
,
both
for
colours
died
in
wooll
,
and
colours
died
in
cloth
,
and
all
to
bee
sealed
according
to
their
true
propertie
.
So
heere
is
foure
searches
to
bee
made
on
a
dressed
and
died
cloth
,
three
searches
on
a
dressed
white
cloth
or
kersie
or
of
like
nature
,
and
two
searches
vpon
euery
rough
white
cloth
vndressed
:
And
to
euerie
one
of
these
searches
a
fee
due
of
two
pence
on
euerie
broadcloth
,
and
so
according
to
the
rate
on
all
other
clothes
to
bee
paied
:
and
it
may
so
happen
that
all
these
searches
cannot
bee
performed
in
one
place
by
reason
that
the
cloth
may
bee
wouen
in
one
place
,
milled
in
an
other
,
dressed
in
an
other
,
and
died
in
an
other
,
so
the
diuersitie
of
search
must
be
performed
by
seuerall
Officers
:
this
cannot
bee
auoided
,
but
where
the
condition
and
propertie
is
altered
,
the
Officer
there
must
make
that
search
,
and
by
the
seuerall
seales
appeare
where
the
cloth
was
made
,
where
dressed
,
and
where
died
,
and
by
whom
in
euerie
search
seene
and
sealed
.
In
the
maner
of
this
search
hee
must
obserue
the
seuerall
penalties
ordained
by
the
law
vpon
all
offences
,
wherein
hee
must
chiefely
followe
the
direction
of
the
Statute
lately
made
in
4.
Iacobi
cap.
2.
for
length
,
breadth
,
and
weight
,
of
all
sorts
of
cloth
,
which
although
hee
doe
not
prosecute
with
extremitie
,
yet
keepe
them
so
farre
within
gouernement
,
as
may
bring
them
to
reformation
,
and
the
King
to
receiue
more
benefit
by
his
lawes
.
The
Alneger
in
euerie
place
must
also
keepe
a
booke
for
the
King
;
wherein
must
bee
registred
the
seuerall
fines
and
penalties
taken
in
all
these
searches
,
for
what
,
and
from
whom
,
And
that
the
Alneger
procure
them
to
publique
markets
,
especially
in
London
according
to
the
statut
of
39.
Eb.
cap.
20.
or
else
to
lay
the
penaltie
of
that
law
on
them
,
which
is
40.
s.
vpon
a
cloth
,
and
by
all
means
to
preuent
priuat
sales
,
which
is
the
couer
to
hide
all
abuses
,
&
escape
due
search
,
&
therefore
ought
carefully
to
be
obserued
.
FINIS
.