AN
APOLOGY
for
Schoole-masters
,
tending
to
the
aduauncement
of
Learning
,
and
to
the
vertuous
education
of
Children
.
I
Am
determined
(
GOD
assisting
me
)
to
make
an
Apology
against
proud
and
blind
ignorance
;
the
only
aduersary
to
noble
and
learned
knowledge
:
for
,
Scientia
non
habet
inimicum
praeter
ignorantem
;
Knowledge
hath
no
enemy
but
the
ignorant
person
,
who
reputeth
the
Schoolemaster
,
and
teacher
of
the
Liberall
Sciences
:
albeit
he
be
a
Doctor
,
or
Master
of
Arts
,
to
be
a
seruant
to
any
subiect
in
Christendome
.
I
say
,
to
any
subiect
:
for
I
confesse
,
that
he
is
a
seruant
to
God
,
and
to
his
King
.
Wherin
I
purpose
to
proue
,
that
by
the
Diuine
Law
,
by
the
Law
of
Nature
,
and
Nations
,
by
the
Constitutions
and
Canons
Ecclesiastical
:
by
the
Statute
Law
of
our
Realme
,
by
the
iudgement
of
the
Heathen
men
,
illuminated
by
naturall
reason
,
that
a
Schoolemaster
,
as
a
Schoolemaster
,
and
teacher
of
the
Liberall
Sciences
,
is
not
a
seruant
to
any
subiect
,
much
lesse
an
inferiour
seruant
.
He
doth
acknowledge
in
all
humilitie
his
Lord
,
of
whom
he
receiueth
his
allowance
,
to
bee
his
especiall
good
Lord
,
his
very
Honourable
benefactor
,
his
Noble
Mecenas
or
Patrone
,
to
whom
he
belongeth
,
of
whom
he
dependeth
,
and
to
whom
in
all
liberall
duetie
he
is
oblieged
.
Schoolemasters
,
who
haue
taken
degrees
of
Schoole
in
the
Vniuersities
of
this
Land
,
lest
they
doe
otherwise
,
let
them
remember
their
Oath
:
for
they
haue
sworne
to
defend
and
maintaine
their
degrees
.
They
must
not
make
the
Profession
of
the
Liberall
Sciences
seruile
,
being
Masters
of
Arts
,
by
reason
of
the
teaching
thereof
,
they
ought
not
to
be
inferiour
seruants
.
All
learned
men
,
ancient
and
moderne
,
might
iustly
bee
thought
vnprouident
,
and
vnwise
,
for
bestowing
so
long
time
,
so
much
paines
,
so
great
charges
to
attaine
to
Learning
,
and
the
degrees
thereof
,
if
by
teaching
of
it
to
other
subiects
,
they
themselues
should
become
inferiour
seruants
.
The
most
Noble
Earles
of
this
Kingdome
doe
take
the
degree
of
Master
of
Arts
willingly
,
as
an
Ornament
to
their
Nobilitie
,
which
they
would
not
doe
,
if
they
held
the
degree
seruile
,
or
the
persons
seruants
,
in
respect
of
their
Profession
of
the
Arts.
I
request
not
to
be
mistaken
,
for
I
acknowledge
and
confesse
,
that
Masters
of
Arts
may
very
well
,
and
not
without
cause
,
bee
Noble-mens
seruants
,
in
offices
,
and
places
appertaining
to
seruants
;
but
not
as
their
Chapleines
,
or
their
Schoolemasters
;
for
herein
they
exercise
their
Professions
of
Diuinitie
,
and
of
Arts
,
which
are
not
seruile
,
and
this
they
must
defend
,
as
they
are
bound
by
Oath
,
and
I
hope
they
will
not
make
shipwreck
of
their
consciences
.
Euery
one
is
to
be
regarded
,
and
esteemed
according
to
his
vocation
and
degree
,
and
the
subiect
or
obiect
thereof
about
the
which
he
is
conuersant
:
The
Diuine
for
his
Theology
.
The
Lawyer
for
administration
and
execution
of
Iustice
.
The
Phisician
for
the
preseruation
of
the
health
of
the
body
.
The
Schoolemaster
for
the
good
education
of
children
.
The
Steward
for
the
ouerseeing
and
well
ordering
of
seruants
,
who
are
inferiour
to
the
children
.
Furthermore
,
seeing
that
Honour
is
the
reward
of
vertuous
Learning
,
and
Learning
the
promotor
,
or
aduauncer
,
the
maintayner
,
and
principall
Ornament
of
Nobilitie
,
it
seemeth
to
bee
great
want
of
discretion
,
to
make
a
Schoolemaster
an
inferiour
seruant
:
for
how
will
the
noble
and
ingenious
children
be
animated
to
learning
,
whereby
they
may
become
worthy
Gouernours
of
their
Countrey
,
when
they
shall
perceiue
the
teacher
thereof
to
be
reputed
an
inferiour
seruant
,
and
his
learning
seruile
.
This
will
be
distastfull
,
and
a
discouragement
to
their
Honourable
natures
and
dispositions
,
and
a
whetstone
to
pride
and
disobedience
,
the
very
bane
of
youth
.
For
Noblemen
,
and
Gentlemens
children
are
to
bee
brought
vp
in
humilitie
,
the
roote
of
all
vertues
.
Otherwise
,
by
sinister
mindes
,
and
meanes
,
not
onely
the
Liberall
Sciences
,
and
the
Professors
thereof
are
disgraced
;
but
also
the
children
are
by
their
owne
Parents
dishonoured
,
and
debased
,
by
making
an
imputed
seruant
their
Master
,
to
the
exceeding
hurt
&
hinderance
of
their
good
education
and
profite
in
knowledge
,
the
aduauncer
and
preseruer
of
true
Nobilitie
,
whereby
,
in
processe
of
time
,
they
may
become
wise
Councellours
,
fit
and
discreete
Gouernours
;
For
how
will
the
Noble
and
generous
children
stand
in
obedience
,
due
awe
,
and
regard
to
a
seruant
?
or
loue
and
delight
in
learning
so
vilifyed
?
This
preposterous
course
,
by
all
probabilitie
,
will
breede
in
them
contempt
of
the
one
,
and
dislike
of
the
other
.
There
is
an
obiection
propounded
by
the
proud
ignorant
to
bee
confuted
;
who
euer
(
say
they
)
receiueth
meate
,
drinke
,
and
money
,
for
the
execution
of
bis
Office
,
or
function
,
is
a
seruant
vnto
him
,
of
whom
hee
receiueth
it
.
I
answere
,
that
this
assertion
in
the
generall
is
manifestly
false
and
erronious
.
Offices
and
functions
are
not
to
bee
huddled
vp
,
and
confounded
,
but
to
be
iudicially
distinguished
.
There
are
some
Offices
seruile
,
they
who
execute
these
,
are
seruants
.
There
are
other
Offices
liberall
,
they
who
vndertake
these
,
are
not
seruants
,
but
onely
to
GOD
,
and
their
King
;
albeit
they
receiue
allowance
,
stipend
,
see
,
or
salary
,
as
their
deserts
require
.
Such
are
the
Professours
of
Diuinitie
,
Lawe
,
Phisicke
,
and
the
Liberall
Sciences
.
Hee
who
holdeth
these
Sciences
to
be
seruile
,
may
bee
yoked
with
Anaxagoras
,
who
held
the
Snow
to
be
blacke
.
His
opinion
is
erronius
:
And
if
hee
persist
stiffe-necked
therein
,
heretical
,
and
worse
then
Heathenish
:
for
the
Heathen
men
were
not
so
depriued
of
vnderstanding
.
A
man
giueth
meate
,
drinke
and
money
to
a
Lawyer
for
the
deuising
of
lands
,
by
making
conueyances
or
assurances
thereof
to
his
sonnes
:
Is
the
Lawyer
therefore
his
seruant
?
Or
in
like
manner
,
giueth
to
a
Physitian
for
ministring
Physicke
to
his
children
:
Is
the
Physitian
therefore
his
seruant
?
One
giueth
yearely
certaine
quarters
of
wheat
,
and
malte
,
which
are
equiualent
to
meate
,
and
drinke
,
and
money
,
to
an
other
,
because
hee
bestoweth
vpon
his
sonne
,
for
terme
of
life
a
Tenement
:
Is
he
therefore
who
bestoweth
the
Tenement
the
others
seruant
?
Likewise
one
giueth
meate
,
drinke
and
money
to
a
Schoolemaster
,
because
hee
conferreth
vpon
his
sonne
Learning
,
which
by
the
iudgement
of
the
Wise
is
betttet
then
a
Tenement
Is
the
Schoolemaster
therefore
his
seruant
?
They
who
perswade
themselues
these
Consequences
to
be
true
,
are
infected
with
an
errour
which
is
scandalous
and
preiudiciall
to
all
Vniuersities
,
Innes
of
the
Court
,
and
degrees
of
Learning
,
which
worthily
haue
aduanced
,
doe
still
,
and
will
aduance
many
discended
of
meane
parentage
,
to
true
Gentry
,
true
Nobility
,
and
to
high
dignities
in
Christendome
.
After
a
Noble
man
his
sonne
is
sixe
yeares
of
age
,
diligent
industry
is
to
bee
vsed
,
and
especiall
care
is
to
bee
taken
,
to
haue
a
fitte
and
sufficient
Schoole-master
for
him
.
By
the
iudgement
of
the
wise
hee
is
deemed
to
be
fitte
,
and
sufficient
,
who
is
adorned
with
these
qualities
,
viz:
Who
is
a
man
of
a
found
belieefe
,
honest
life
,
and
ciuill
conuersation
,
an
auncient
man
,
rather
then
a
young
:
For
a
young
is
commonly
more
proner
to
lewde
lust
,
more
apt
to
giue
badde
example
to
his
Scholler
,
more
inconsiderate
,
of
lesse
discretion
and
experience
,
then
an
ancient
man
.
A
man
tryed
for
methodicall
teaching
,
and
trayning
vp
of
children
,
and
well
allowed
for
the
same
:
A
man
knowne
to
be
learned
,
of
ready
vtterance
,
and
perfect
pronuntiation
of
speech
,
and
of
reputation
,
hauing
taken
the
degrees
of
learning
.
It
may
bee
demaunded
,
why
so
learned
a
Master
is
to
be
prouided
for
a
childe
of
such
tender
yeares
:
I
answere
,
that
it
is
very
requisite
,
and
needfull
for
diuers
considerations
A
vessel
being
well
seasoned
at
the
first
,
retayneth
the
taste
,
and
preserueth
the
liquor
,
that
shall
bee
powred
thereinto
.
A
sure
and
firme
foundation
is
first
to
be
laid
of
pure
and
perfect
English
,
to
bee
deliuered
with
decent
action
and
gesture
,
with
a
right
accent
,
and
distinct
pronuntiation
:
that
when
hee
commeth
to
ripe
yeares
,
beeing
in
eminent
places
,
hee
may
communicate
his
learned
knowledge
iudicially
,
and
eloquently
in
his
Natiue
tongue
,
to
the
benefite
of
his
owne
Country
.
In
like
manner
,
he
is
to
bee
taught
pure
and
perfect
Latine
,
&
if
it
be
not
too
tedious
for
him
,
the
Greeke
may
very
well
bee
ioyned
thereunto
,
that
he
may
not
only
reade
with
vnderstanding
for
encrease
of
knowledge
,
most
learned
books
in
the
said
languages
,
&
heare
with
iudgement
exercises
&
disputations
,
accomplished
by
the
learned
of
famous
Vniuersities
;
but
also
impart
his
intellectuall
conceipts
in
eloquent
Latine
to
forraine
nations
,
most
honorably
in
any
important
imploiment
for
the
weale
publike
.
An other
consideration
isl
,
that
a
well
learned
Schoolemaster
is
expedient
,
or
rather
necessary
,
because
hee
is
to
stay
with
his
Schollers
;
for
change
of
Masters
maketh
seldome
good
Schollers
:
many
men
,
many
minds
,
many
masters
,
many
maners
&
methods
of
teaching
,
which
hurt
&
hinder
knowledge
.
The
rowling
stone
gathereth
little
mosse
.
This
noble
child
is
to
be
kept
in
awe
&
obedience
,
&
with
gentlenes
to
be
alured
to
vertue
&
knowledge
:
To
be
commended
for
his
good
endeauors
,
&
praised
for
his
wel
doing
,
that
hee
may
loue
learning
,
take
delight
in
vnderstanding
and
pleasure
in
pithy
and
witty
discourses
,
deliuered
vnto
him
in
pure
speech
with
perfect
pronuntiation
.
His
discreet
Schoolemaster
is
to
consider
his
Nature
,
and
disposition
,
and
to
frame
his
instructions
and
precepts
thereunto
,
according
to
the
child
his
capacitie
:
not
to
daunt
his
Spirite
,
or
dull
his
witte
:
for
in
the
recreation
of
his
minde
and
memory
,
Musicke
and
honest
sports
are
to
bee
vsed
:
And
for
the
health
of
his
body
,
moderate
exercises
are
to
be
practised
.
Honest
,
ciuill
and
carefull
men
are
to
attend
vpon
him
,
who
will
giue
him
no
bad
example
,
but
encourage
him
to
proceed
in
vertue
and
learning
.
Wicked
flatterers
in
any
case
are
to
be
debarred
from
him
;
who
to
dehort
him
from
humility
,
and
the
pathe
of
vertue
,
and
learning
,
will
tell
him
that
his
Schoole-master
is
his
seruant
,
that
he
is
discended
of
high
Nobility
,
and
shall
haue
liuing
and
landes
in
plentifull
aboundance
.
Why
should
hee
lone
the
booke
,
why
should
he
listen
to
,
or
bee
ruled
by
an
inferiour
seruant
?
hee
is
to
commaund
:
why
should
hee
bee
gouerned
,
or
in
any
sort
debarred
of
his
will
:
It
is
fitte
for
him
to
take
his
pleasure
,
and
to
doe
what
hee
liste
.
Thus
a
Parasite
,
or
a
Gnato
by
sugred
words
,
will
attempt
to
corrupt
him
,
hauing
Iacobs
voyce
,
&
Fsaus
hands
,
smooth
words
,
and
rough
works
.
Of
all
tame
Creatures
,
a
flatterer
is
the
worst
.
Likewise
other
euill
disposed
persons
are
not
to
entrude
themselues
into
his
company
:
such
as
commonly
will
vse
swearing
,
cursing
,
slaundering
,
lying
,
euill
speaking
,
or
bad
actions
in
his
presence
,
or
hearing
:
They
also
are
not
to
be
admitted
,
to
conuerse
with
him
,
who
will
teach
him
foule
&
foolish
songs
,
dishonest
actions
,
or
to
mocke
&
deride
any
one
:
or
to
doe
harme
to
others
.
These
are
to
bee
taken
heed
of
,
and
sharpely
to
bee
rebuked
:
for
children
by
nature
are
more
prone
to
vice
then
vertue
:
and
are
not
so
much
or
soone
furthered
by
things
well
done
or
spoken
,
as
they
bee
hindered
,
and
corrupted
by
deedes
,
lewdly
committed
,
or
wordes
wickedly
vttered
.
In
a
Noble
man
his
house
,
the
Schoole-master
his
place
is
next
to
the
Chapleines
.
The
office
of
the
Chapleine
is
to
celebrate
diuine
Seruice
,
to
preach
and
to
teach
the
true
worshippe
of
of
God
.
The
office
of
the
Schoolemaster
is
by
gentle
meanes
to
instill
into
his
Schollers
,
by
little
and
little
,
as
their
capacities
are
able
to
beare
,
the
excellent
knowledge
of
diuine
and
humane
things
:
to
instruct
them
in
the
Liberall
Sciences
,
that
they
may
daily
encrease
and
fructifie
therein
;
with
the
perfect
vnderstanding
,
readie
and
distinct
speaking
of
die
learned
Tongues
:
I
mean
Latine
&
Greeke
.
These
Offices
are
liberall
,
not
seruile
,
appertaining
to
the
soule
.
Of
Offices
belonging
to
seruants
,
the
Stewards
is
chiefe
;
hee
weareth
the
Liuery
and
Cognisance
of
his
Lord
and
Master
.
If
the
Chapleine
and
Schoolemaster
were
seruants
,
they
also
should
weare
the
Liuery
&
Cognisance
,
as
the
Steward
,
and
other
seruants
vsually
doe
.
I
could
neuer
yet
bee
aduertised
,
what
law
could
be
produced
,
or
what
reasons
could
bee
rendred
,
why
the
Steward
,
Gentleman
of
the
Horse
,
or
the
Receiuer
of
the
Rents
,
seruants
to
any
Noble
man
,
being
a
subiect
,
shuld
perswade
themselues
,
their
offices
&
places
to
be
aboue
the
Schoolemasters
.
They
are
conuersant
about
Seruants
,
Horses
,
Rents
,
as
the
proper
obiects
of
their
Offices
.
The
Schoolemaster
about
the
Noble
Children
,
as
the
proper
obiect
of
his
Office
,
Are
seruants
,
horses
,
rents
,
more
to
bee
respected
then
Noble
Children
?
Or
,
do
they
thinke
,
the
ouer-seeing
of
certaine
seruants
,
the
managing
of
horses
,
the
receiuing
of
some
rents
,
to
bee
preferred
before
the
gouernance
and
teaching
of
honourable
Children
the
excellent
knowledge
of
diuine
and
humane
things
?
Herein
,
as
it
seemeth
,
they
offer
indignitie
,
not
onely
to
the
Noble
Children
,
but
also
to
the
Professors
of
Learning
,
and
the
degrees
thereof
,
which
worthily
haue
aduanced
,
and
continually
doe
,
many
from
meane
estate
to
true
Gentilitie
,
Nobilitie
,
and
to
the
chiefest
Dignities
.
Where
order
is
not
,
there
is
confusion
:
the
Sexton
there
will
bee
aboue
the
Clerke
.
Certaine
Reasons
demonstrating
the
prioritie
of
Place
of
the
Schoolemaster
,
before
the
Steward
to
any
subiect
.
1.
FIrst
,
because
of
the
Vocation
:
For
the
Schoolemaster
is
not
a
seruaut
.
The
Steward
is
properly
a
semant
.
For
proofe
thereof
,
I
referre
them
who
are
opposite
posite
in
opoinion
,
to
the
Constitutions
&
Canons
Ecclesiasticall
,
&
to
the
Statute
law
of
our
Realme
;
where
they
may
euidently
see
Schoole-masters
distinguished
from
seruants
by
seuerall
titles
,
and
sundry
Statutes
concerning
them
.
2.
Secondly
,
Because
of
office
;
for
the
one
is
to
instruct
,
and
furnish
with
the
knowledge
of
diuine
and
humane
things
:
the
other
to
manage
matters
appertaining
to
seruants
.
3.
Thirdly
,
Because
of
the
obiect
of
the
office
:
for
the
one
is
to
gouerne
and
teach
the
children
:
the
other
to
ouer-see
and
order
the
seruants
,
which
are
inferiour
to
the
children
.
4.
Fourthly
,
Because
of
the
loue
of
parents
,
descending
naturally
to
their
children
,
which
induceth
them
as
it
were
by
the
law
of
nature
,
if
they
doe
not
vnnaturally
abandon
naturall
loue
&
learning
,
to
preferre
him
,
who
hath
the
education
and
instruction
of
their
children
,
before
a
seruant
.
5.
Fiftly
,
Because
of
discretion
and
wisedome
that
is
or
ought
to
be
in
Parents
,
being
very
lawfull
&
forcible
motiues
to
cause
them
more
to
grace
and
countenance
the
Master
of
their
children
then
a
seruant
:
for
that
redoundeth
to
the
profite
,
worth
,
and
honour
of
their
children
.
6.
Sixtly
,
Because
of
the
good
of
the
children
,
that
they
may
better
stand
in
due
regard
,
awe
,
&
obedience
to
their
Master
,
may
more
esteeme
&
honour
learning
,
wherewith
being
adorned
,
they
themselues
may
be
more
esteemed
and
honoured
:
and
consequently
continue
with
augmentation
the
name
and
fame
of
their
house
.
7.
Seuenthly
:
Because
of
custome
,
which
is
a
law
vnwritten
,
and
sheweth
,
that
the
Steward
weareth
the
Liuery
and
Cognisance
of
his
Lord
and
Master
:
the
Chapleine
and
Schoole-master
doe
not
;
for
they
are
not
seruants
.
The
Steward
hath
a
table
assigned
to
him
:
but
it
is
in
the
Hall
,
tearmed
,
The
Stewards
Table
.
The
Chapleine
and
Schoolemaster
vsually
sit
eyther
at
their
Lords
Table
,
or
at
a
side
table
,
anciently
called
,
The
Chapleines
table
.
8.
Eightly
:
Because
of
the
dignitie
of
Learning
,
and
the
degrees
thereof
:
For
it
were
extreme
folly
,
or
rather
madnesse
in
Parents
,
to
bring
vp
their
children
so
chargeably
in
learning
,
and
semblably
in
their
sonnes
,
to
bestow
so
many
yeeres
,
euen
the
prime
of
their
time
,
to
disburse
so
great
expences
,
to
bee
so
vigilant
,
and
to
take
such
paines
for
the
attayning
to
learning
,
and
the
degrees
therevnto
belonging
;
if
Promotion
,
Preferment
,
Worship
,
Honour
,
Grace
,
were
not
the
due
rewards
thereof
.
Honos
alit
Artes
.
The
diuine
Plato
being
demanded
what
difference
there
was
betweene
ignorant
man
,
and
a
learned
,
answered
;
As
much
as
betweene
a
sicke
man
and
a
sound
:
For
blind
and
proud
ignorance
is
the
sicknes
,
and
vertuous
learning
the
health
of
the
soule
.
We
vsually
say
,
At
your
seruice
.
Your
seruant
.
Rememember
my
scruice
,
to
such
,
and
to
such
a
one
.
Those
are
meere
verball
complements
:
when
indeede
we
are
not
their
seruants
:
and
wee
know
,
and
take
our
places
,
according
to
our
offices
and
degrees
.
A
Schoolemaster
,
who
hath
receiued
the
degree
of
Master
of
Artes
in
the
Vniuersities
of
our
Land
,
must
not
make
his
office
of
teaching
seruile
:
for
a
publike
oath
hath
beene
tendred
and
ministred
to
him
,
according
to
this
forme
and
tenour
;
(
viz.
)
Tu
tueberis
gradum
tuum
,
&c.
Thou
shall
defend
and
maintaine
thy
degree
of
Arts
,
&c.
These
Arts
alwayes
,
and
most
truely
,
haue
beene
called
Liberall
:
Why
should
any
person
bee
so
lewdly
disposed
,
as
to
attempt
to
make
the
Profession
of
them
seruile
?
In
what
great
estimation
Phenix
was
,
when
he
was
Schoolemaster
to
Achillis
,
Homer
declareth
.
And
in
what
honourable
credite
Epaminondas
was
,
when
hee
was
Tutor
to
Philip
,
who
was
after
King
of
Macedonia
,
Plutarch
sheweth
.
Alexander
the
great
was
accustomed
to
say
openly
,
that
he
was
as
much
beholding
to
Aristotle
his
Master
,
as
he
was
to
King
Philip
his
Father
:
for
of
his
Father
he
tooke
the
occasion
to
liue
;
of
his
Master
he
receiued
the
reason
&
way
to
liue
well
.
Dionysius
King
of
Cicily
,
being
banished
by
his
subiects
,
taught
publikely
,
&
kept
a
Grammer
Schoole
in
Italy
:
He
affirmed
openly
,
that
although
he
were
exiled
vniustly
by
his
subiects
,
notwithstanding
,
in
despight
of
them
,
hee
did
,
and
would
still
reigne
:
intimating
thereby
the
authoritie
which
he
had
,
being
a
Schoolemaster
ouer
his
schollers
.
The
Cicilians
vnderstanding
his
heroicall
resolution
,
repented
themselues
,
and
established
him
in
the
Kingdome
againe
.
They
who
will
read
,
and
aduisedly
consider
the
liues
of
these
most
Noble
Emperours
,
Alexander
the
Great
,
Iualius
Caesar
,
Seuerus
,
Tacitus
,
Probus
,
Aurelius
,
Traian
,
Adrian
,
Antonine
Constantine
the
great
,
Theodosius
,
Charles
the
great
,
surnamed
Charlemayne
,
shall
easily
perceyue
:
these
being
trayned
vp
in
their
youth
by
skilfull
Schoolemaisters
,
more
to
haue
flourished
,
and
to
haue
beene
more
reuowmed
then
other
Emperours
,
by
reason
they
were
more
excellent
then
the
other
in
learning
:
whereby
the
saying
of
Plato
is
verified
,
That
those
publique
weales
are
happy
,
and
blessed
,
wherein
eyther
Phylosophers
reigne
,
or
Kings
are
in
Philosophie
studious
.
Of
what
reputation
Schoolemasters
in
all
former
ages
haue
beene
,
and
how
necessary
for
the
benefite
of
publique
weals
,
experience
proueth
,
and
Hystoriographers
relate
,
and
testifie
Socrates
,
Plato
,
Pythagoras
,
Aristotle
,
Isocrates
,
Plutarch
,
Seneca
,
Quintilian
,
and
very
many
more
,
which
might
bee
nominated
,
were
all
Sehoolemasters
:
All
of
them
were
reuerenced
,
and
well
regarded
in
their
places
of
teaching
,
and
at
this
day
are
renowmed
for
learning
.
Their
published
Bookes
eternize
their
names
and
fame
.
Our
Sauiour
CHRIST
graceth
the
office
of
teaching
.
Hee
himselfe
taught
:
the
twelue
Apostles
were
his
Schollers
.
They
also
according
to
his
commaundement
,
taught
.
Saint
Marke
was
Saint
Peters
scholler
,
Saint
Luke
was
saint
Paules
scholler
.
Syr
Thomas
Elyot
that
right
worthie
Knight
,
in
his
booke
intituled
,
The
Gouernour
,
dedicated
to
King
Henry
the
Eight
,
declareth
three
principall
causes
,
why
Noble
men
,
and
Gentlemen
were
not
so
excellent
in
Learning
then
,
as
their
auncestours
were
,
who
thereby
much
aduanced
themselues
,
augmented
their
estates
,
profited
,
and
protected
their
Countrey
.
Contrary-wise
,
some
of
their
posteritie
decay
their
houses
,
being
not
fit
to
bee
politique
Statesmen
,
or
wise
Councellours
,
or
discreet
Gouernours
,
nor
sufficiently
furnished
to
execute
the
Lawes
,
or
to
administer
Iustice
,
tempered
with
equitie
,
because
they
want
learned
knowledge
.
The
first
cause
that
he
alleadgeth
is
the
pride
of
many
Parents
,
who
doe
not
esteeme
learning
as
they
ought
to
doe
,
nor
respect
the
Teacher
therof
,
as
they
should
do
.
He
noteth
not
any
subiect
in
his
dayes
to
bee
so
seduced
or
blinded
with
ignorance
,
or
to
be
so
puffed
vp
with
pride
,
as
to
account
a
Schoolemaster
an
inferiour
seruant
.
Euen
in
his
time
Hadrian
,
the
sixth
of
that
name
,
was
made
Pope
,
and
Wolsey
was
created
a
Cardinall
,
both
of
them
were
Schoolemasters
.
The
second
cause
he
affirmeth
to
bee
the
Auarice
or
diuers
Parents
,
who
being
desirous
to
pinch
and
spare
their
purses
,
are
loath
to
giue
sufficient
allowance
,
or
bountifull
salary
to
a
well
learned
Schoolemaster
.
They
will
not
buy
learned
knowledge
for
their
children
,
vnlesse
they
may
haue
it
cheap
,
&
at
a
very
low
rate
,
regarding
more
,
like
Aesops
Cocke
,
a
graine
of
Barly
,
then
a
precious
Iewell
.
The
third
cause
hee
auouched
to
bee
the
negligence
of
Parents
,
who
doe
not
bring
vp
their
children
as
God
commandeth
them
,
as
nature
bindeth
,
&
birth
requireth
,
and
as
the
hopefull
expectance
of
their
Countrey
craueth
at
their
hands
.
There
are
some
Parents
in
our
time
(
I
am
sorry
to
speake
it
)
who
before
they
receiue
into
their
seruice
a
Cooke
,
a
Falconer
,
or
an
Horse-rider
,
they
haue
an
especiall
care
to
haue
them
skilfull
and
cunning
in
their
qualities
,
and
to
haue
the
best
and
most
expert
they
can
get
:
But
when
they
entertaine
a
Schoolmaster
,
to
teach
their
children
,
being
the
props
and
continuing
stayes
of
their
houses
,
the
monuments
of
their
names
and
fame
,
they
are
desirous
to
haue
a
young
man
,
who
will
take
small
allowance
,
which
they
terme
Wages
,
will
bee
an
inferiour
seruant
,
will
waite
,
and
serue
at
table
,
will
vse
verball
and
iesticular
complements
.
Such
a
one
,
according
to
their
sinister
surmizes
,
is
fitte
to
teach
.
They
doe
not
much
care
whether
hee
bee
well
learned
,
or
hath
taken
any
degree
of
Schoole
,
or
is
lawfully
allowed
to
teach
,
or
hath
any
good
methode
in
teaching
,
or
hath
had
experience
and
approbation
in
the
trayning
vp
of
children
,
and
doth
vnderstand
and
speake
perfectly
pure
English
,
Latine
and
Greeke
,
with
the
right
accent
and
true
pronunciation
thereof
.
These
things
,
which
are
most
materiall
and
necessary
,
they
least
regard
,
vsing
more
exact
diligence
,
in
making
choyse
of
seruants
for
their
sports
&
pleasures
,
then
of
Schoolemasters
,
for
the
vertuous
education
of
their
children
:
wherein
they
swerue
and
degenerate
from
their
wise
Auncesters
,
transgresse
the
lawes
which
distinguish
Schoolemasters
from
seruants
.
Debase
their
children
,
by
making
a
seruant
their
Master
,
disgrace
as
much
as
in
them
lyeth
,
the
Office
of
Schoolemasters
;
and
that
which
is
woorst
of
all
,
abuse
learned
knowledge
,
being
a
singular
blessing
and
principall
benefite
which
Almightie
God
bestoweth
vpon
man
,
by
making
little
reckoning
thereof
,
and
accounting
it
as
it
were
a
seruile
matter
.
I
pray
God
they
do
not
therfore
incurre
his
heauy
displeasure
and
iust
indignation
,
hee
threatneth
by
the
mouth
of
his
holy
Prophet
,
saying
:
Because
thou
hast
reiected
knowledge
,
I
will
reiect
thee
.
I
haue
diligently
obserued
,
and
perceiue
,
that
their
children
very
seldome
proue
learned
;
and
such
Parents
,
for
the
most
part
,
doe
not
prosper
.
Their
estates
by
little
and
little
do
decay
.
Iulian
the
Apostata
published
an
Edict
,
forbidding
the
Professors
of
learning
to
teach
the
Christians
children
.
Christian
Parents
are
desirous
to
haue
their
children
taught
,
yet
some
of
them
(
I
would
that
some
were
lesser
)
repute
their
childrens
Teacher
,
and
Master
to
be
an
inferiour
seruant
,
exhibiting
allowance
vnto
him
not
competent
.
The
wicked
Apostata
persecuted
Christians
and
their
children
:
albeit
these
doe
not
so
,
yet
(
with
their
fauour
bee
it
spoken
)
they
debase
Learning
,
and
the
Christian
Professors
thereof
.
Aristotle
(
by
generall
opinion
the
chiefest
Philosopher
)
sayth
,
That
to
God
,
to
our
Parents
,
and
Schoolemasters
,
we
can
neuer
giue
enough
,
or
that
which
is
equall
to
their
deserts
.
Although
the
Philosopher
out
of
his
wisdome
telleth
vs
,
that
we
can
neuer
giue
enough
;
notwithstanding
in
this
age
it
is
thoght
by
(
som
that
to
Schoolemasters
there
can
neuer
be
giuen
too
litle
.
Such
scandalous
aspersions
are
cast
vpon
them
by
the
proud
ignorant
.
A
wise
man
hearing
an
vnlearned
Gallant
speake
absurdly
,
and
nothing
to
the
purpose
,
sayd
;
En
ex
aurea
vagina
plumbeum
educit
gladium
:
Behold
this
braue
Gallant
,
out
of
his
golden
sheathe
draweth
a
leaden
sword
.
Diogenes
seeing
an
ignorant
fellow
sitting
vpon
a
stone
,
affirmed
,
That
one
stone
there
did
sit
vpon
another
.
The
more
a
man
is
with
vertuous
knowledge
beautifyed
,
the
more
he
approacheth
to
God
;
and
the
more
hee
is
with
ignorance
blemished
,
the
more
neer
he
resembleth
a
Beast
.
The
heathen
men
induced
therunto
by
the
law
of
nature
,
highly
regarded
their
Professours
of
learning
.
The
Indians
,
their
Gynnosophists
:
The
Aegyptians
,
their
Semnothei
:
The
Persians
,
their
Magi
:
The
Gaules
,
now
called
the
French
,
their
Druydes
:
The
Grecians
,
their
Philosophers
.
Philip
,
King
of
the
Macedonians
,
intending
to
conquere
and
subdue
the
Athenians
,
not
long
after
he
had
proclaimed
and
made
war
against
them
,
sent
Embassadours
with
an
offerture
of
peace
,
vpon
condition
they
would
put
from
them
Demosthenes
and
other
learned
men
.
Demosthenes
,
a
most
famous
Orator
,
smelling
the
stratageme
,
in
an
eloquent
Oration
,
wherein
hee
disswaded
the
people
from
imbracing
such
a
Peace
,
told
them
this
tale
:
On
a
time
there
was
great
warre
between
the
Wolues
&
the
Sheepe
;
at
length
the
Wolues
,
politikely
and
fraudulently
,
promised
the
Shepheards
and
the
Sheepe
to
ioyne
in
firme
friendshippe
with
them
,
so
that
they
would
put
their
Dogges
from
them
.
The
credulous
Shepheards
&
simple
sheepe
yeelded
thereunto
.
As
soone
as
the
Dogges
were
gone
,
which
protected
them
,
the
Wolues
assaulted
the
sheepe
,
and
deuoured
them
.
Euen
so
,
sayd
the
Oratour
,
(
my
deare
Athenians
)
the
Macedonians
,
if
you
condiscend
vnto
them
,
will
make
hauocke
of
you
presently
after
the
departure
of
the
Learned
men
,
which
instruct
and
direct
you
.
Our
life
,
as
sacred
Scripture
sheweth
,
is
here
a
warfarre
;
wee
wage
warre
against
the
World
,
the
Flesh
,
and
the
Deuill
.
These
three
mortall
enemies
tempt
and
sollicite
the
vnlearned
,
pretending
to
linke
themselues
in
league
and
loue
with
them
:
so
that
they
would
disgrace
,
put
or
pull
downe
their
Schoolemasters
,
which
are
indeed
the
first
instrumentall
causes
and
ordinary
meanes
ordayned
by
God
to
furnish
and
fortify
them
with
diuine
and
humane
knowledge
.
If
these
subtile
aduersaries
could
compasse
effectually
their
plotte
and
proiect
heerein
,
they
would
,
no
doubt
,
deale
with
the
vnlearned
,
hauing
none
of
reputation
or
account
to
teach
them
,
as
the
rauenous
Wolues
did
with
the
silly
sheep
,
hauing
none
to
defend
them
.
Gerson
,
a
famous
Doctor
,
relinquished
and
gaue
ouer
the
office
of
the
Chauncellourship
of
Paris
,
being
a
place
of
high
credite
,
and
for
the
good
of
the
weak
publike
,
became
an
instructor
or
teacher
of
children
.
Theodosius
,
that
right
noble
,
wise
,
&
Christian
Emperor
,
when
his
sonne
Arcadius
was
sixe
yeers
of
age
,
aduauncing
him
to
the
Empire
,
and
taking
an
especiall
care
,
to
haue
him
furnished
with
vertue
and
leaming
,
requisite
for
imperiall
rule
and
dignitie
,
vsed
most
exact
diligence
in
the
searching
out
,
and
prouiding
of
Arsenius
,
a
graue
,
honest
,
and
well
learned
Schoole-master
for
him
.
At
the
time
he
deliuered
his
sonne
to
be
taught
,
and
did
commit
the
charge
of
him
to
Arsenius
,
he
spake
in
this
manner
:
Postbac
tu
magis
pater
eius
quam
ego
,
hereafter
you
are
(
being
his
Schoole-master
)
rather
a
father
vnto
him
,
then
I.
This
wise
and
discreet
Emperour
,
not
long
after
comming
into
the
schoole
and
finding
Areadius
his
sonne
sitting
,
and
Arsenius
standing
and
reading
vnto
him
,
blamed
them
both
,
telling
the
one
,
that
hee
did
not
performe
the
office
of
a
Master
,
and
the
other
that
hee
did
not
shewe
the
dutie
of
a
Scholler
,
and
caused
Arsenius
to
sit
downe
and
reade
,
and
Arcadius
to
stand
vp
bare-headed
to
giue
attentiue
eare
to
his
lecture
:
Adding
these
wordes
,
that
then
his
sonne
would
bee
fitte
for
the
Empire
,
when
by
humilitie
&
obedience
,
hee
had
attained
vnto
sufficient
knowledge
.
Nicholas
Frigantius
in
his
description
of
the
Prouinces
,
Kingdomes
,
and
manners
of
the
people
subiect
to
that
puissant
Monarch
the
King
of
China
,
among
other
discourses
declared
)
,
what
reuerend
,
dutifull
,
and
gratefull
respect
,
the
inhabitants
of
those
countries
beare
to
their
Schoolmasters
.
For
albeit
(
saith
he
)
they
haue
been
their
schollers
but
for
a
short
space
,
notwithstanding
,
per
vitam
deinceps
vniuersam
eos
magistros
appellant
,
&
pro
magistris
colunt
.
In
all
their
life
time
after
they
call
them
masters
,
and
doe
reuerence
them
as
their
masters
.
There
is
a
contagious
disease
wherewith
horses
are
infected
,
called
the
Fashions
:
I
feare
lest
the
name
thereof
extendeth
to
reasonable
creatures
,
insomuch
that
some
of
them
also
,
may
truly
be
said
to
be
affected
to
,
or
infected
with
the
fashions
.
There
is
a
fashion
lately
start
vp
,
to
haue
a
French-man
to
teach
:
If
he
speak
broken
,
and
not
pure
and
perfect
English
,
with
the
right
accent
distinctly
pronounced
,
and
truely
write
it
,
there
is
danger
lest
hee
hurt
the
Childrens
english
,
being
farre
more
necessary
for
them
,
then
the
French
and
so
pul
downe
with
one
hand
,
more
then
hee
can
build
with
the
other
.
I
haue
had
conference
with
diuers
French
men
,
whom
I
like
,
&
loue
;
I
haue
not
heard
any
one
of
them
to
speake
,
and
pronounce
english
,
as
perfectly
as
an
English-man
doth
.
They
in
whom
intellectuall
reason
ouerswa●eth
sensuall
appetite
,
do
well
discerne
and
perceiue
,
that
a
French-man
is
not
able
so
much
to
profite
,
nor
is
so
fitte
to
teach
children
in
England
,
to
reade
,
vnvnderstand
,
speake
,
and
write
perfect
english
,
latine
,
and
greeke
,
as
an
English-man
is
,
albeit
hee
bee
as
skilfull
in
the
latine
,
&
the
greeke
,
as
the
English-man
:
&
the
reason
is
,
because
he
is
to
make
the
children
to
vnderstand
the
learned
tongues
,
by
a
language
which
they
themselues
vnderstand
already
:
as
in
the
exposition
of
the
latine
,
if
he
keepe
due
methode
,
he
is
to
giue
to
euery
latine
worde
,
the
true
proper
&
significant
Englishe
thereof
;
to
declare
the
variety
of
wordes
and
sentences
,
which
are
proper
,
which
are
figuratiue
:
To
deliuer
the
peculiar
phrases
of
euery
Dialect
:
To
cause
them
to
obserue
Orthography
:
to
translate
English
into
Latine
;
Latine
into
Greeke
;
and
againe
,
Greeke
into
Latine
;
Latine
into
English
.
The
Frenchman
therefore
being
not
so
perfect
in
the
English
as
the
Englishman
,
fayleth
in
that
Language
,
which
directeth
the
children
to
the
knowledge
of
the
other
:
and
consequently
,
is
neither
so
fit
to
teach
,
nor
so
well
able
to
profite
them
.
Now
it
remaineth
that
I
briefly
refute
an
errour
of
some
of
our
Countreymen
,
who
stiffely
hold
,
that
the
French
tongue
is
better
then
the
Latine
:
That
Noblemen
,
Gentlemen
,
and
Ladies
,
ought
rather
to
learne
it
then
the
Latine
.
This
is
a
most
absurd
Paradox
,
seeing
that
the
Latine
,
being
the
Carholike
,
or
vniuersall
Language
of
Christians
,
who
are
learned
,
is
commonly
taught
,
both
priuately
in
houses
,
&
publikely
in
Schooles
and
Vniuersities
,
throughout
all
Nations
in
Christendom
.
A
good
thing
,
the
more
generall
it
is
,
the
better
it
is
.
There
are
but
three
learned
Tongues
,
the
Latine
,
Greek
,
and
Hebrew
.
The
French
was
neuer
reckoned
to
be
any
.
It
is
peculiar
to
that
particular
Countrey
,
as
English
is
to
England
,
Irish
to
Ireland
;
so
French
to
France
.
The
French
themselues
,
especially
the
Nobilitie
&
Gentry
,
disburse
large
expences
for
the
trayning
vp
of
their
children
in
the
studie
of
the
Latine
.
Who
hath
the
knowledge
thereof
,
may
trauell
therewith
throughout
all
Christian
Kingdomes
.
In
this
tongue
all
learned
Bookes
,
for
the
most
part
,
are
written
,
wherein
the
conferences
,
disputes
,
and
exercises
of
the
Learned
are
performed
,
which
promoteth
to
the
degrees
of
Schoole
,
whereby
Worshipfull
,
Honourable
,
and
gracious
preferments
are
obtayned
:
and
is
of
that
sacred
estimate
by
the
lawes
of
our
Land
,
that
the
very
reading
thereof
saueth
many
Malefactors
from
vntimely
death
.
I
doe
not
discommend
the
French
,
but
for
the
causes
before
mentioned
,
I
prefer
the
Latine
before
it
by
many
degrees
.
There
hath
beene
an
ancient
and
laudable
custome
still
obserued
by
the
wiser
and
better
sort
,
that
after
their
sonnes
can
vnderstand
the
Latine
perfectly
,
and
speake
it
readily
,
to
send
them
to
trauell
into
France
,
Germany
,
Italy
,
and
Spaine
,
to
the
intent
that
they
may
there
learne
their
Languages
,
which
they
shal
sooner
,
with
more
facilitie
and
iudgement
accomplish
and
attaine
vnto
,
hauing
the
Latine
Tongue
before
:
because
the
Italian
French
,
and
Spanish
,
borrow
very
many
words
of
the
sayd
Latine
,
albeit
they
doe
clippe
,
choppe
,
and
change
diuers
letters
and
sillables
therein
.
Where
they
trauell
,
they
may
see
the
people
,
conuerse
and
conferre
with
the
better
sort
,
perceiue
their
natures
,
dispositions
,
and
manners
,
know
their
orders
,
lawes
,
and
customes
,
behold
the
scituations
of
the
Cities
,
the
flourishing
Academies
,
the
courses
of
the
Riuers
,
the
Castles
,
Fortresses
,
and
Hauens
,
the
fruitfulnesse
and
barrennesse
of
the
Soile
:
And
so
further
,
&
furnish
themselues
,
not
only
with
the
Languages
,
but
also
with
the
Geographical
knowledge
of
those
countries
.
If
the
gainsayers
cannot
produce
any
law
,
or
alleadge
sufficient
authoritie
to
the
contrary
of
that
which
is
here
deliuered
,
I
hope
they
will
yeeld
,
and
not
shutte
their
eyes
against
the
cl●ere
light
of
truth
,
as
it
euidently
appeareth
.
And
I
trust
,
they
will
not
perseuere
obstinately
in
errours
,
remaining
therein
not
illuminated
by
God
,
to
tally
eclipsed
,
and
silenced
.
FINIS
.