The
first
letter
from
Constantinople
,
the
10.
of
Iune
1622.
WE
vnderstand
from
Tartaria
that
there
is
great
mustering
of
men
,
and
that
they
intend
to
challenge
the
Throne
of
Othoman
,
hauing
heard
of
the
death
of
Osman
,
the
great
Turke
:
for
this
it
stands
,
all
that
vast
Countrey
from
Russia
to
the
Indian
and
Atlantick
Seas
,
is
diuided
betwixt
three
chames
of
ancient
and
noble
race
:
The
first
is
called
Tartar
Cham
,
a
mighty
Emperor
,
possessing
the
Prouince
Mangia
besides
diuers
other
great
Countreyes
:
The
second
Tartar
Mechrit
,
vnder
whom
is
desertum
de
lop
;
and
many
Nations
to
the
Caspian
Sea
.
The
third
is
Tartar
Chrim
,
discending
directly
from
the
Family
of
Othoman
,
who
both
by
birth
and
contract
may
challenge
the
Imperiall
Crown
of
Turkey
,
if
that
line
shall
faile
,
as
is
thought
that
he
will
doe
now
,
or
otherwise
reuenge
the
murther
of
the
aforesaid
Osman
vpon
the
Iannissaries
.
Also
the
Letters
from
Venice
make
mention
that
some
of
the
principall
offenders
that
layed
their
hands
on
the
Emperor
,
are
fled
,
and
that
the
rest
at
home
are
diuided
,
some
holding
with
Mustapha
,
and
some
with
a
yonger
brother
of
Osman
aforesaid
.
And
that
Mustapha
desires
not
the
Empire
,
longing
onely
to
visit
the
Temple
of
Mecha
,
being
rauished
with
the
promises
of
Mahomet
.
They
write
also
,
that
the
principall
Musty
,
and
some
Doctors
of
the
Law
,
haue
fore-told
and
presaged
the
determination
,
and
finall
end
of
the
Turkish
greatnesse
,
perswading
the
Visirs
at
the
imitation
of
the
Graecians
,
euery
one
to
step
in
for
a
Kingdome
,
or
more
.
From
Persia
they
certifie
vs
,
that
notwithstanding
,
through
this
dissention
in
Turkey
,
they
haue
gotten
good
opportunity
to
recouer
Tauris
,
and
other
places
left
;
the
Sophy
being
much
displeased
with
the
insolent
murther
of
the
great
Turke
(
as
one
Prince
may
act
anothers
part
)
is
onely
resolued
to
raise
an
army
,
to
be
reuenged
on
the
Iannissaires
,
wherevpon
the
Beglerbeg
of
Arabia
hath
sent
him
a
present
of
diuers
braue
Horses
.
From
Alexandria
we
heare
,
that
the
plague
is
so
great
in
Gran
Cayro
,
that
about
80000.
there
haue
beene
buried
within
the
space
of
foure
moneths
,
and
that
the
Iewes
are
flocking
in
such
numbers
to
the
Sea
Townes
,
whereby
the
traffick
is
much
augmented
,
and
increased
in
the
Straites
.
From
Algier
they
write
,
that
the
Pirate
begin
to
erect
a
Common
wealth
among
themselues
,
and
haue
written
to
the
Hollanders
,
that
if
they
will
vnite
with
their
forces
together
,
they
will
make
an
notable
attempt
vpon
the
dominions
of
the
King
of
Spaine
,
and
begin
a
possession
there
.
It
is
reported
here
that
at
Naples
there
hath
been
an
attempt
made
vpon
the
Viceroy
by
the
Nobility
and
inhabitants
,
being
perplexed
with
a
dearth
:
but
they
cry
out
vpon
nothing
so
much
as
liberty
,
and
lye
in
waite
to
put
some
thing
in
execution
.
These
that
come
from
Rome
,
relate
that
the
Pope
hath
giuen
a
free
indulgence
and
pardon
of
sinnes
to
all
them
that
will
serue
the
Emperour
in
his
wars
,
wherupon
many
souldiers
and
great
store
of
money
are
sent
vnto
him
.
The
Signorie
of
Venice
hath
sent
lately
diuers
Gallies
at
Sea
,
besides
some
Gulleons
towards
Candia
,
and
fortified
the
Harbours
in
Histria
and
Dalmatia
,
and
vpon
the
continent
about
Crema
and
Brescia
,
prouideth
all
the
places
of
importance
with
strong
garrisons
.
Letters
of
Millane
make
mention
,
that
there
hath
beene
an
insurrection
amongst
the
Grisons
,
whereby
diuers
Spaniards
and
Imperialists
haue
beene
slaine
,
and
many
places
forsaken
,
not
without
great
terrour
of
the
rest
.
From
Genoa
it
is
certified
,
that
some
vndertakers
haue
taken
sanctuary
,
or
Asylum
,
being
denied
a
protection
from
Spaine
,
although
they
say
their
debts
arise
,
for
being
engaged
about
the
Catholike
Kings
affaires
.
They
write
from
Florence
and
Luca
,
that
there
is
great
complaint
against
the
English
,
seeing
they
deale
not
for
so
many
silkes
as
they
were
vsed
to
doe
;
and
therefore
they
will
endeauour
to
make
cloth
and
cottens
of
their
owne
,
and
not
trade
with
England
,
as
in
times
past
.
From
Poland
the
Newes
is
,
that
the
Iesuites
are
hatefull
to
the
Inhabitants
,
wherupon
the
Lords
of
the
Country
haue
petitioned
to
the
Maiestie
of
Sigism●nd
,
either
to
banish
,
or
dismisse
them
,
about
which
there
is
great
discontent
occasioned
:
and
heere
giue
me
leaue
a
little
by
way
of
transsition
to
wonder
at
this
generation
,
why
they
?
ouer
all
the
Orders
of
Religion
should
so
far
vary
from
true
Religion
,
as
to
delight
in
murther
,
combustion
of
Kingdomes
,
ostentation
of
knowledge
,
rapture
of
visi●ns
,
and
especially
setting
Princes
at
division
,
yea
breaking
the
band
of
amitie
betweene
Prince
and
Subiect
,
sure
I
can
yeeld
you
no
r●ason
for
it
?
but
this
as
it
fareth
with
Children
,
who
sucking
of
a
froward
nurses
breast
become
accordingly
froward
and
pettish
in
their
liues
:
so
they
having
one
Ignatius
Loyalta
a
Souldier
to
their
Father
of
a
fiery
disposition
,
no
doubt
according
to
his
name
,
doe
immitate
him
in
the
fierie
and
bloody
stepps
of
warre
and
dissention
:
God
grant
that
all
Princes
may
take
heede
of
their
pollicies
.
For
in
my
Conscience
they
would
pull
down
the
Papacy
,
if
they
could
,
and
set
vp
their
owne
Superintendancy
.
They
also
write
,
that
from
the
Cittie
of
Leopolis
and
the
Country
adiacent
,
much
Corne
hath
beene
transported
to
Constantin●ple
in
this
time
of
their
dearth
through
the
Blacke
Sea
,
whereby
they
haue
beene
wonderfully
enriched
,
as
the
Turkes
neighbourly
are
releived
.
From
Spaine
,
there
is
newes
of
the
feare
of
the
Mores
,
who
haue
lately
made
an
attempt
in
Granado
,
and
word
is
brought
by
a
Brazill
man
into
Portingall
,
that
the
wilde
men
about
the
River
of
Amazones
,
haue
rebelled
against
the
Portingals
,
and
Spaniards
,
who
governe
the
Country
and
rule
there
.
Much
like
that
vnfortunate
mischiefe
which
hath
happened
of
late
in
Virginia
▪
where
we
heare
almost
300.
of
the
English
Plantation
were
slaine
by
the
perfidiousnes
of
the
old
Inhabitants
.
The
second
,
from
Vienna
the
22
,
day
,
This
Cit●ie
is
much
quieted
since
the
Emperours
Marriage
,
for
heere
are
many
Nobles
and
Ladies
,
who
professe
the
Gospel
,
and
haue
their
Congregations
without
the
walles
of
the
Cittie
,
to
the
number
sometime
of
fortie
or
fiftie
Coaches
,
all
which
liue
here
vndisturbed
by
reason
the
Emperesse
entertaines
them
graciously
,
and
they
attend
the
Court
with
all
humilitie
when
occasion
serveth
;
whereas
before
they
stood
vppon
their
guard
,
and
their
Servants
rodd
with
pistols
and
petronels
to
the
Church
:
And
(
God
be
thanked
)
the
Iesuites
cannot
divert
him
from
his
resolution
,
to
keepe
good
quarter
with
his
Subiects
,
although
they
haue
many
times
attempted
the
same
.
Or
other
wise
it
may
be
,
their
great
numbers
keepe
all
in
awe
,
and
that
the
Emperour
is
loath
to
be
troubled
with
warres
abroad
,
and
dissentions
at
home
.
From
Odenburgh
,
is
here
newes
that
the
Emperour
proposed
to
the
Lords
and
States
,
the
Coronation
of
his
Sonne
,
but
that
they
absolutely
denyed
it
,
as
having
made
choice
of
another
.
It
was
also
Reported
,
that
the
Cosackes
having
no
Warres
in
Poland
,
threatned
to
come
downe
into
Hungaria
,
which
the
Iesuits
vrged
,
and
the
Emperour
intertayned
,
but
it
is
sayd
,
and
thought
,
the
Tartarians
and
Russians
will
keepe
them
backe
with
their
Incursions
and
Enterprises
,
which
they
intend
to
make
shortly
.
In
those
parts
are
still
made
great
musterings
,
to
supply
the
Emperours
warres
.
This
Cittie
,
Prague
it selfe
,
hath
guard
and
watch
like
a
Towne
of
warre
,
and
they
beate
vnto
the
Parado
,
as
if
the
enemie
lay
before
it
.
In
plaine
termes
,
they
are
iealous
one
of
another
,
and
the
Heires
and
Friends
of
those
whom
the
Emperour
put
to
execution
,
long
to
be
revenged
.
As
for
the
Iewes
,
though
they
generally
reioyce
at
those
dissentions
among
Christians
,
and
slaughtering
one
another
,
yet
doe
they
particularly
rather
fauour
the
Protestants
then
the
Catholiques
.
From
Moravia
,
wee
vnderstand
that
the
Marquis
of
Iaggerendorf
,
remayneth
constant
to
the
King
of
Bohemia
,
and
hath
written
to
Count
Mansfield
for
his
comming
into
Bavaria
,
alledging
if
hee
doe
attempt
that
,
he
shall
be
sure
to
finde
many
Friends
for
his
passage
into
Bohemia
,
where
,
if
the
warre
beganne
againe
,
no
question
,
some
great
alteration
will
follow
:
for
Bethlem
Gabor
is
now
at
leasure
to
take
his
part
,
and
will
questionlesse
assist
him
,
if
he
can
prosecute
any
course
to
come
neere
him
.
The
fourth
,
from
Cullen
the
first
of
Iuly
.
The
Baron
of
Anholt
hath
threatned
the
Countrey
of
the
Landtgraue
of
Hessen
,
in
behalfe
of
the
Imperialistes
;
hee
intends
to
recover
the
places
in
W●stphalia
,
taken
by
the
Duke
Christian
of
Brunswick
,
but
the
Inhabitants
are
all
rather
for
Brunswick
,
then
the
Bishop
of
Cullen
,
from
whom
they
were
taken
.
From
Franckfort
we
vnderstand
,
that
the
Duke
of
Saxony
hath
imposed
a
harsh
Commandement
in
his
Townes
,
for
the
searching
of
Passengers
,
and
although
he
seemeth
discontent
at
Bavaria's
proceedings
,
yet
doth
he
governe
Silesia
for
the
Emperour
,
or
at
least
so
much
of
it
as
the
Catholiques
are
willing
to
submit
vnto
him
.
But
among
other
things
,
the
Bishops
are
most
fierce
against
the
Protestants
,
and
will
not
suffer
them
to
goe
vnto
their
Churches
.
From
Poland
we
haue
Newes
,
that
the
inhabitants
being
become
loath
of
the
Iesuits
,
the
Nobilitie
hath
requested
the
King
,
either
to
banish
or
dismisse
them
,
about
which
is
great
discontent
occasioned
.
They
write
from
Noragrad
in
Russia
,
that
the
Iesuites
had
layd
a
plott
with
certaine
Prussians
,
to
robbe
and
surprise
the
Abbey
of
Saint
Nuclay
in
Muscovia
,
adioyning
almost
to
the
Sea
,
which
they
did
either
out
of
envie
,
at
the
flourishing
of
the
Greeke
Church
,
then
which
there
is
nothing
more
hatefull
to
the
Roman
,
or
out
of
a
common
disposition
,
and
wicked
perversenesse
to
raise
quarrels
betweene
Countries
,
and
nourish
enmitie
betweene
Princes
.
The
last
from
Franckfort
,
the
first
of
Iuly
.
After
the
arrivall
of
the
Duke
of
Brunswick
at
Mainhem
,
where
he
was
stately
well-commed
;
the
King
of
Bohemia
seeing
the
Countrey
was
not
able
to
sustaine
his
Forces
,
called
a
Counsell
of
Warre
,
and
resolved
to
depart
;
leaving
the
Palatinate
to
the
care
and
tuition
of
the
Lord
Belfast
,
and
Generall
Vere
;
with
whom
he
also
left
eight
thousand
men
more
then
they
had
,
and
so
they
devided
themselues
,
that
they
presently
marched
ten
thousand
horse
,
and
twentie
thousand
Foote
.
The
King
and
Mansfeild
ar
now
in
Als●tia
,
prosecuting
the
Warre
there
against
the
Emperours
Brother
Leopaldus
,
burning
,
spoyling
,
and
taking
the
Countrey
to
his
obedience
,
the
which
will
constraine
Tilly
soone
to
forsake
the
siege
of
Heidelburge
,
and
follow
the
King
,
and
so
by
this
meanes
divert
the
Warre
into
his
Enemies
Countrey
:
He
hath
sent
the
Duke
of
Brunswick
into
Bavaria
,
to
furnish
the
Kings
Armie
with
provision
,
and
then
to
march
and
ioyne
both
together
,
and
so
to
goe
forward
as
toward
Bohemia
,
as
God
shall
giue
them
leaue
.
They
were
no
sooner
gone
,
but
Tilly
advanced
his
Forces
towardes
Ladenburgh
,
and
from
thence
to
Heidelburgh
.
Whereupon
Sir
Garret
Herbert
Commaunder
there
of
the
Castle
,
assembled
the
Burgers
and
Inhabitants
to
know
both
their
abilitie
,
and
resolutions
,
whether
they
would
endure
the
siege
or
no
,
&
how
long
they
thought
their
provision
would
last
:
they
answered
generally
,
that
they
would
liue
and
die
with
him
,
and
so
they
prepared
themselues
to
endure
the
siege
.
And
it
was
thought
that
Tilly
did
this
rather
to
divert
them
from
their
Iourney
into
Alsatia
,
then
to
bestow
so
much
time
in
the
siege
of
a
Towne
which
could
profit
him
l●ttle
in
the
obtaining
more
,
then
the
possession
of
the
place
,
vnlesse
the
Emperour
were
resolued
contrary
to
his
owne
Embassy
,
to
make
it
a
continuall
warre
.
Tilly
going
on
with
his
siege
,
tooke
two
of
the
inhabitants
,
and
cut
off
their
heads
,
which
he
pitched
vpon
poles
,
turning
their
faces
toward
the
towne
to
terrifie
the
Burgers
:
but
they
in
requitall
cut
off
fiue
souldier
▪
heads
,
&
serued
them
so
likewise
.
Gonsales
in
the
meane
time
being
at
Opp●nheim
,
was
yet
doubtfull
whether
he
would
set
vpon
Mainheim
or
Frankendale
,
and
so
to
get
the
Palatinate
at
once
,
lest
it
be
gotten
againe
:
but
there
is
a
God
that
holdeth
the
windes
in
his
hands
,
and
will
no
doubt
hold
backe
that
resolution
,
which
must
be
the
cause
of
so
much
blood-shedding
,
if
the
warres
should
goe
forward
in
such
a
manner
:
but
what
will
be
the
issue
,
time
will
reueale
.
The
Landgraue
of
Hessen
,
mistrusting
lately
the
forraging
of
his
countrey
by
the
Imperials
,
writ
to
the
Princes
of
the
vnion
concerning
the
same
,
who
all
returned
,
that
their
cause
was
a
common
feare
,
and
therefore
they
would
liue
and
die
together
in
maintaining
the
generall
cause
of
Religion
,
and
particular
defending
one
anothers
Countrey
.
In
the
same
Letter
was
likewise
set
downe
the
resolution
of
diuers
Imperiall
Cities
,
viz.
Auspurg
,
Norremburg
,
Wittenburg
,
Francfort
,
Strasburg
,
and
some
other
,
for
the
maintaining
of
the
confession
of
Auspurg
,
which
was
the
resolution
of
the
Protestant
Faith
,
bought
out
long
since
by
great
summes
of
Money
of
Rodolphus
and
Matthias
,
former
Emperors
.
Whereupon
these
Cities
fortified
their
walls
,
had
their
Burgers
in
Armes
,
for
feare
to
bee
surprized
.
We
haue
heard
from
Hagenaw
,
that
the
Imperials
had
lately
gone
about
to
surprize
the
said
Citie
,
and
had
gotten
fortie
men
through
a
Vault
within
the
Walls
,
but
were
all
presently
shot
to
death
,
and
the
Citie
preserued
of
that
dangerous
enterprise
.
In
Hungaria
the
matters
stand
yet
doubtfull
:
the
Hungarians
haue
flatly
denyed
the
Coronation
of
the
Emperors
sonne
:
the
Clergie
desires
to
haue
all
the
Spirituall
goods
backe
againe
,
with
the
arrerages
,
but
the
States
and
Lay-men
will
restore
them
but
a
part
.
They
can
neyther
agree
vpon
many
other
points
:
so
that
it
is
likely
nothing
will
be
concluded
at
the
Dyet
.
Here
was
flying
newes
,
that
the
Emperor
was
taken
prisoner
,
but
it
is
not
true
:
but
this
is
certaine
,
Bethlem
Gabor
and
the
Lord
Bridiani
are
very
strongly
marched
vp
in
armes
.
Those
of
Glatz
and
Klingenburgh
stand
yet
brauely
out
,
and
haue
lately
giuen
a
great
Ouerthrow
vnto
the
Imperiallists
,
and
they
grow
daily
stronger
&
stronger
.
The
old
Count
of
Thorne
is
reported
to
be
vpon
the
way
with
26000.
men
,
to
rescue
them
.
From
Denmarke
they
write
,
that
the
King
hath
sent
diuerse
Presents
to
the
Queene
of
Bohemia
at
the
Hage
,
and
written
sundry
Letters
of
comfort
&
consolation
,
assuring
of
his
assistance
as
wel
of
Men
as
Money
:
and
that
hee
hath
requested
the
Hauen
Townes
to
arme
diuers
Souldiers
to
goe
into
Westphalia
,
to
helpe
and
supply
those
garrisons
which
Brunswick
left
there
.
The
Hollanders
lately
come
from
Sweden
report
,
that
the
Captaine
of
Calmar
castle
was
called
in
question
for
his
life
,
as
b●ing
betrayed
by
a
counterfeit
letter
,
written
by
some
secret
malitious
enemy
,
as
though
the
same
came
from
Poland
for
the
surrendring
of
the
fort
when
time
should
serue
:
but
his
innocency
saued
his
life
,
and
the
matter
was
soone
taken
vp
.
From
France
it
is
written
,
that
the
king
is
resolued
to
go
forward
in
his
enterprises
against
the
Protestant
townes
.
That
the
Iesuites
are
iealous
of
the
Prince
of
Conde
,
and
he
gets
but
the
kings
displeasure
by
his
violent
courses
.
That
the
Protestants
will
rather
make
sallies
and
die
in
the
field
then
in
their
houses
.
That
Mountalbo
is
so
well
prouided
of
all
kind
of
prouision
,
that
they
thinke
the
king
will
not
easily
b●siege
it
againe
.
Those
of
Mompellier
prepare
themselues
likewise
,
if
his
Maiestie
would
attempt
any
thing
against
them
.
That
the
Duke
of
Rohan
increase●h
his
army
dayly
,
and
hopeth
vpon
a
great
person
in
France
.
That
the
king
is
much
discontented
,
and
hath
a
growing
disease
vpon
him
.
That
the
Rochellers
take
dayly
prizes
,
and
were
resolued
to
make
a
sally
vpon
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
being
strong
and
able
to
minister
many
braue
souldiers
.
That
there
is
a
prohibition
for
the
landing
of
the
English
at
Callice
,
or
on
those
Coasts
.
That
diuers
Apologies
are
written
in
the
defence
of
the
Protestants
,
and
that
the
Queene
laboureth
what
she
may
to
pacifie
the
troubles
.
From
B●u●sels
they
write
,
that
if
the
Ambassadours
doe
not
suddenly
agree
vpon
a
peace
,
it
is
feared
that
the
warre●
will
increase
both
in
the
Palatinate
,
and
the
Low
Countries
.
My
Lord
of
A●gile
hath
almost
filled
his
Regiment
,
and
they
lo●ke
for
foure
or
fiue
thousand
Brit●●i●●
more
to
come
vnto
them
within
this
〈…〉
i●
weekes
.
From
the
Hag●
we
heare
,
that
the
Prince
of
O●ang
is
marched
vp
with
a
braue
army
,
with
resolution
to
set
downe
b●fore
Shertog●nb●s●h
,
&
hath
sent
for
all
his
Captaines
out
of
England
to
attend
his
seruice●
no
question
S●●eola
will
follow
him
.
Wee
heare
also
,
that
there
are
publicke
Fasts
and
set
Prayers
for
the
affaires
of
the
Palatinate
.
They
write
also
,
that
his
subiects
of
Austria
,
Stiria
,
Curniola
,
and
Curinthia
,
haue
petitioned
to
his
Maistie
,
that
as
they
proue
good
and
obedient
subiects
vnto
him
,
it
would
please
him
to
be
a
gratious
Lord
vnto
them
,
to
giue
them
leaue
to
liue
in
the
libertie
of
their
conscience
,
and
die
in
the
profession
of
the
Gospel
,
that
liuing
and
dying
they
may
giue
God
the
praise
for
his
protection
,
who
openeth
the
hearts
of
kings
,
and
his
Maiestie
the
honour
of
their
welfare
,
for
being
so
beneficiall
vnto
them
.
Wee
doe
further
vnderstand
,
that
there
is
comming
to
the
King
of
Bohemia
,
Count
Mansfield
,
and
the
Duke
of
Brunswicke
,
for
their
further
helpe
in
the
great
enterprises
they
intend
,
ten
thousand
horse
and
foote
of
Switzers
,
and
ten
thousand
horse
and
foote
of
Bohemians
:
and
that
the
old
Earle
of
Thorne
is
gone
to
releeue
Glatz
with
twentie
foure
thousand
horse
and
foote
,
and
that
Iagensdorpe
is
marching
toward
the
King
of
Bohemia
with
thirty
thousand
horse
and
foote
,
and
that
Bethlem
Gabor
will
not
bee
long
absent
from
the
King
:
God
(
I
hope
)
will
rayse
vp
friends
to
helpe
his
true
Church
,
notwithstanding
the
Greatnesse
of
the
Enemies
.