Onosandro
Platonico
,
of
the
Generall
Captaine
,
and
of
his
office
,
translated
out
of
Greke
into
Italyan
,
by
Fabio
Cotta
,
a
Romayne
:
and
out
of
Italian
into
Englysh
,
by
Peter
QWytehorne
¶
Imprinted
at
London
,
by
Willyam
Seres
.
¶
Cum
priuilegio
ad
imprimendum
solum
,
Anno.
1563.
TO
THE
HIGH
AND
myghtye
Prince
,
Thomas
Duke
of
Northfolke
,
Earle
Marshall
of
Englande
,
knyght
of
the
most
noble
order
of
the
Garter
,
and
one
of
the
Queenes
Maiesties
priuy
Counsel
,
Peter
Whitehorne
,
wyssheth
longe
lyfe
with
perpetuall
felicitie
.
WHat
great
commoditye
and
profytte
(
ryght
worthy
Prince
)
hath
alwayes
redounded
to
the
weale
publykes
and
gouernours
of
the
same
,
which
in
warlike
discipline
haue
chiefly
delited
,
and
taken
greatest
care
,
and
to
what
excellent
fame
and
renowine
,
it
hath
alwayes
broughte
and
exalted
(
yea
from
vile
and
abiect
fortune
)
those
that
haue
moste
trauayled
and
indeuored
them selues
therin
,
wherby
also
women
,
haue
made
notable
and
wonderful
conquestes
,
of
such
as
haue
lytle
regarded
Marshiall
knowledge
,
the
Historye
of
the
Amazons
,
with
infinite
other
,
doth
manifestlye
and
plainelie
declare
.
And
specially
the
same
of
the
Romaynes
,
who
firste
from
poore
shepeherdes
,
throughe
their
prudent
skil
in
feates
of
Armes
,
so
increased
their
kyngdome
,
and
Monarchie
,
that
in
shorte
time
,
they
became
Lordes
,
and
Emperours
of
all
the
world
.
For
by
suche
science
vndoubtedly
,
not
only
forren
Countreis
are
brought
in
subiection
,
but
also
their
owne
proper
kyngdomes
are
kept
from
outragious
crueltie
,
&
rauenous
spoyle
of
the
ennemies
:
and
good
lawes
there
establyshed
,
are
quietly
executed
vpon
offenders
,
without
rebellious
disturbaunce
.
And
surely
the
comming
vp
of
the
Turkes
and
the
occasion
of
their
marueylous
victoryes
,
is
well
to
be
vnderstande
to
haue
happened
by
no
other
meanes
,
but
onelye
,
for
that
there
is
no
nation
in
al
the
world
,
with
whome
they
haue
warred
,
whiche
in
all
kinde
of
Marshiall
affayres
and
doinges
,
so
much
resembleth
,
and
imitateth
the
famous
antiquitie
,
as
they
:
whiche
partlye
I
am
able
to
witnes
,
by
that
I
haue
sene
,
when
I
was
in
Constantinople
,
and
in
Turkie
.
Which
thing
consideringe
with
my selfe
,
and
of
late
happening
into
my
handes
,
the
copie
of
thys
booke
,
called
Onosandro
Platonico
.
Who
many
yeres
agon
,
most
excellentlye
in
the
Greke
tounge
,
wrote
of
the
offyce
of
a
Generall
Capitaine
,
whiche
longe
agon
I
didde
translate
out
of
the
Italion
tounge
for
mine
owne
exercise
,
and
for
the
great
delight
that
I
haue
alwayes
had
in
the
studiynge
of
the
arte
of
war
,
I
haue
thought
good
at
this
present
,
for
the
common
vtilitie
of
my
countreymen
,
who
delyte
in
warlyke
skilfulnes
,
to
suffer
the
same
to
be
publyshed
in
printe
.
In
whiche
booke
is
to
be
founde
,
as
good
aduises
,
and
counsels
,
for
a
Captayne
,
or
man
of
warre
,
as
can
possibly
be
inuented
or
imagined
.
Wherefore
,
for
as
muche
as
youre
Grace
,
right
noblye
and
valiauntly
,
hath
heretofore
executed
the
office
of
a
Generall
,
wherin
also
the
worthie
actes
of
youre
Noble
Graundfather
,
is
of
moste
shynynge
and
famous
remembraunce
,
I
could
not
deuise
with
my selfe
,
vnto
whom
this
my
labour
and
trauaile
,
was
more
meete
to
be
dedicated
vnto
,
then
to
your
Grace
,
who
in
Marshiall
feates
,
and
in
the
profounde
knowledge
thereof
,
is
thought
moste
expert
.
And
although
my
translation
herin
,
be
very
rude
and
grosse
,
yet
because
my
good
wyll
with
the
effect
and
worthines
of
the
matter
is
chiefly
to
be
wayed
and
considered
,
my
truste
is
,
that
accordynge
to
youre
accustomed
gentelnesse
,
you
wyll
accept
the
same
in
good
part
:
consideringe
that
grosse
phrases
,
cannot
in
equitye
maime
a
good
meaning
,
no
more
,
then
the
exellent
entent
of
the
lawes
of
this
Realme
,
is
any
whit
abased
through
the
vnsauery
language
,
wherin
they
are
written
.
ONOSANDRO
PLAtonico
,
of
the
General
Captaine
,
and
of
his
offyce
,
vnto
Quintus
Veranius
,
a
Romaine
.
THe
Arte
and
maner
of
rydinge
,
of
huntynge
,
of
fyshing
,
and
finally
of
tillynge
the
fieldes
,
I
iudge
ought
to
be
written
to
those
,
which
in
such
studies
are
wont
inespecially
to
delyght
.
But
the
waye
to
come
to
consider
the
office
of
a
General
Captaine
,
I
suppose
(
O
Quintus
Veranius
)
that
aboue
al
other
,
is
moste
conuenyent
to
the
Romaynes
:
and
chyeflye
to
those
,
which
of
reputacion
,
and
Senate
authority
,
be
superiours
to
others
.
And
lykewyse
it
is
meete
for
suche
,
as
by
the
iudgement
of
Augustus
Cesar
,
and
for
the
true
knowledge
that
they
haue
of
such
an
office
,
and
for
the
singuler
experience
of
th
infinyte
&
moste
weighty
affaires
,
and
also
for
the
dignitye
and
worthynes
of
their
predecessours
,
haue
had
fortune
to
succede
the
honourable
degrees
,
aswel
of
consuls
,
as
of
Captaynes
:
Therefore
I
iudge
,
that
to
suche
maner
of
menne
,
ought
to
be
dedicated
like
worke
:
but
not
after
suche
sort
,
as
thoughe
they
knewe
not
howe
to
rule
and
gouerne
Armyes
:
For
in
dede
the
cause
whye
I
am
moued
to
write
,
is
specially
for
this
respecte
,
seynge
that
many
,
the
more
they
be
ignoraunt
,
and
lesse
expert
of
things
,
making
of
other
mens
doynges
seldome
iust
iudgement
,
so
muche
the
more
presumptuously
,
they
continuallye
perceuer
,
both
to
reprebend
and
to
slaunder
good
captaines
:
Where
those
truly
that
haue
experience
and
knowledge
of
thinges
,
with
good
respect
,
beholdinge
the
worthye
&
honorable
enterprises
of
other
,
haue
wyth
high
prayse
,
commended
them
.
Wherefore
although
I
knowe
that
the
matter
which
I
haue
purposed
to
wrie
may
seme
to
many
to
haue
ben
a
great
while
agon
heretofore
thought
vpon
&
fully
knowen
:
yet
for
all
that
,
I
wil
not
leaue
of
to
bring
to
an
end
my
determination
:
but
rather
more
promptly
I
shal
perseuer
to
proced
forwards
,
as
he
that
not
only
may
seme
to
geue
instructions
profytable
to
Captaynes
,
but
also
as
one
that
knoweth
after
what
sort
thei
ought
to
commaund
.
And
I
shall
worthely
repute
my selfe
happy
,
yf
I
be
thought
mete
to
manifest
with
words
,
those
thynges
,
which
the
Romaynes
by
meanes
of
their
vertue
and
of
their
industry
,
most
valiantlye
brought
to
passe
.
For
the
which
thing
if
I
maye
vnderstande
that
this
my
paines
are
commended
and
approued
of
like
men
:
I
shall
then
be
able
to
say
that
in
this
present
worke
,
is
contayned
the
counsels
of
renowmed
Capitains
in
this
happy
time
of
peace
.
For
which
cause
,
if
no
other
thinge
,
at
lest
wise
the
same
may
principally
aduertise
and
learne
you
,
for
what
occasion
hath
happened
vnto
some
,
often
times
most
vnfortunately
to
fayght
,
and
to
fall
into
misery
,
and
howe
other
hauing
brought
to
good
effecte
their
affayres
,
haue
got
illustrious
fame
and
immortall
glorye
.
As
in
the
ende
the
same
singuler
ercellencye
of
the
Romaines
,
hath
clerelye
made
manifest
:
for
that
neuer
Kynge
,
nor
Citye
,
nor
yet
,
neuer
Nation
,
coulde
not
come
to
obtayne
greater
,
nor
to
the
lyke
equall
greatnesse
of
their
Empire
.
After
suche
sorte
,
that
nowe
so
longe
time
semes
,
that
continuall
so
great
largenes
of
dominion
,
they
haue
kept
most
constantlye
,
stedfastlye
,
and
sure
.
Nor
I
cannot
with
any
maner
of
reason
perswade
my selfe
,
that
it
hath
hapned
eyther
by
chaunce
,
or
fortune
,
that
ouer
passynge
the
confines
of
Italye
,
the
name
and
Empire
myght
haue
bene
extended
,
to
the
vttermoste
partes
of
the
worlde
:
but
that
rather
it
hath
come
to
passe
,
by
prudence
by
counsell
,
and
by
the
feates
of
war
,
and
also
by
the
famousnes
,
and
by
the
glory
of
actes
most
valiauntly
done
.
And
in
dede
,
where
as
we
ought
to
desire
to
haue
fortune
fauourable
to
our
enterprises
,
notwithstanding
it
is
not
to
be
iudged
,
that
she
hath
rule
ouer
euery
thinge
,
and
that
she
is
Lady
in
all
matters
.
And
as
they
that
attribute
all
infelicitye
onelye
to
fortune
,
and
not
vnto
the
negligence
&
error
of
Captaines
,
be
fooles
and
ignorantes
,
so
likewise
be
those
,
whiche
thinges
directly
and
with
order
done
,
assigne
it
only
vnto
fortune
,
and
nothinge
at
al
vnto
vertue
,
and
to
the
diligence
of
the
Captayne
.
And
surely
it
is
a
token
of
a
malicious
,
and
vniust
man
,
either
altogether
to
clere
him
from
euery
faulte
that
hath
euill
ministred
the
publyke
affaires
,
imputinge
it
to
fortune
,
or
to
depriue
him
from
deserued
praise
,
the
which
valiantly
&
with
industry
,
hath
ouercome
and
brought
to
good
passe
his
desire
,
iudging
that
the
glory
of
the
enterprise
well
and
valiauntly
executed
,
ought
to
be
attributed
onlye
vnto
fortune
.
But
almost
euery
man
,
being
inclined
to
geue
confidence
to
them
that
declare
or
wryte
those
thinges
,
of
the
which
they
be
erpert
,
albeit
that
it
seme
they
rehearse
thinges
high
and
difficult
to
be
done
,
and
on
the
contrarye
part
,
cannot
be
brought
to
geue
credit
to
those
that
shewe
them
any
thinge
,
in
the
whiche
they
haue
not
ben
exercised
,
although
it
be
neyther
difficulte
,
nor
incredible
:
Therfore
I
suppose
it
shal
be
necessary
for
me
,
first
to
tell
you
,
that
what
so
euer
in
thys
booke
I
haue
to
wryte
of
the
Captayne
,
and
of
the
aduertysementes
of
warre
,
hath
bene
approued
with
most
manifest
experience
of
thinges
,
and
in
especially
of
those
,
whiche
were
patrons
,
&
Princes
,
of
the
name
of
the
Romaines
,
whose
excellent
vertue
without
doubt
,
amongst
all
nacions
,
by
the
consent
of
all
menne
,
euen
to
this
tyme
,
hath
obtayned
hyghest
dignity
.
Then
in
this
my
litle
booke
,
there
is
not
to
be
comprehended
any
thinge
done
vnaduisedly
,
in
haste
,
at
all
aduentures
,
nor
rashelye
:
but
that
which
in
varietie
of
thinges
,
the
Romaynes
with
sage
and
firme
counsell
egregiouslye
wrought
and
approued
.
The
which
not
only
had
true
knoweledge
of
that
the
was
to
be
don
against
the
enemy
:
but
grauely
did
forsee
that
they
might
not
in
anye
maner
of
wyse
take
harme
.
Nor
it
shall
neuer
bee
found
,
that
they
haue
vsed
other
then
a
sure
order
,
&
iust
occasion
to
faight
.
I
haue
therfore
gathered
from
these
fountaines
euery
thing
the
I
haue
written
:
Albeit
that
I
am
fully
perswaded
,
that
many
would
desire
,
that
al
that
which
of
them
might
be
spoken
about
such
matter
,
shuld
be
estemed
rather
their
own
proper
inuention
,
then
taken
of
other
:
as
they
,
who
beleue
they
shoulde
attayne
to
greater
prayse
,
where
should
appeare
that
of
theym
suche
thinges
hath
bene
firste
found
and
publyshed
:
then
if
openly
they
should
confesse
it
,
not
to
be
theirs
,
and
to
haue
n●de
of
other
Authours
to
attribute
it
.
Notwithstanding
for
this
selfe
same
occasion
,
I
doe
thinke
to
get
prayse
&
commendacion
:
for
as
much
as
lyke
as
he
the
whiche
peraduenture
went
to
the
warres
,
where
he
hathe
wrytten
the
valiaunt
Actes
of
other
,
ought
not
to
be
depriued
of
glory
,
he
hauynge
lefte
written
vnto
the
posteritye
,
not
those
thinges
,
that
with
his
proper
force
he
had
founde
&
executed
,
but
that
which
other
had
done
,
euen
so
I
suppose
not
to
be
a
little
praysed
,
and
commended
plainlye
confessyng
these
thynges
not
to
be
inuented
by
me
:
yea
by
suche
occasion
I
maye
seeme
not
vniustlye
to
goe
about
to
excell
all
other
,
where
I
ought
to
report
the
prayse
of
other
men
without
enuy
,
and
trueth
,
without
disprayse
,
and
withoute
anye
maner
of
blame
.
Of
electynge
a
Capytayne
.
I
Say
then
,
that
a
Generall
captaine
ought
to
be
chosen
without
hauynge
anye
respect
vnto
his
stock
,
or
vnto
his
predicessors
,
or
vnto
goods
of
fortune
:
the
one
of
the
whyche
thynges
is
the
eustome
obserued
in
the
choosynge
of
Priestes
,
the
other
in
creating
the
presidents
of
plaies
,
and
publike
feastes
.
But
suche
a
manne
is
to
bee
sought
,
who
is
temperate
,
continente
,
sobre
,
abstinent
,
and
not
excessiue
in
eating
and
drynking
,
pacient
in
trauaile
,
of
witte
prompt
,
not
couetous
,
neyther
yong
,
nor
olde
,
and
that
he
haue
children
,
if
suche
a
one
may
be
had
,
and
to
be
a
faire
speaker
,
of
good
name
and
same
,
and
of
muche
reputacion
.
The
cause
why
he
ought
to
be
temperate
,
is
,
lest
being
inlured
&
geuen
to
pleasure
,
he
doe
forsake
the
care
of
thinges
,
that
be
of
most
great
importance
.
Continent
it
behoueth
him
to
be
,
the
which
hath
bene
preferred
to
the
gouerninge
of
so
muche
importaunce
:
for
that
yf
the
vyolence
of
an
vnbrideled
minde
,
chaunse
to
haue
power
and
lybertie
to
doe
what
so
euer
shall
please
him
,
it
is
after
suche
sorte
with
wilfulnesse
ouerwhelmed
,
that
it
cannot
easely
be
refrayned
.
I
woulde
haue
hym
also
to
be
sobre
,
to
the
ende
that
more
commodiously
,
he
might
be
vigilant
in
the
affayres
of
so
great
waight
.
For
that
in
the
time
of
night
,
by
quietnes
of
mind
,
the
counsels
of
captaines
exammed
,
more
perfectly
may
than
be
confirmed
.
The
cause
that
he
ought
to
be
abstinent
&
content
with
simple
fare
:
is
,
for
asmuch
as
the
preparyng
of
diishes
ful
of
delicatenes
,
&
the
too
muche
diligence
and
thought
aboute
meates
,
corrupteth
and
drowneth
the
minde
after
such
sorte
,
that
the
tyme
which
ought
to
haue
bene
spent
in
the
busines
that
is
to
be
done
,
by
the
dilicatenes
of
the
capitaines
,
most
vainly
is
consumed
.
The
cause
why
he
ought
to
be
most
painful
,
is
,
for
that
principallye
it
doth
apperteine
to
the
Captaine
,
that
he
in
the
turmoyles
of
the
war
,
maye
be
the
last
to
be
werye
.
He
ought
to
be
quicke
witted
,
for
as
muche
as
it
behoueth
him
to
be
swift
,
and
(
as
Homer
saith
)
flyinge
,
to
th
end
that
with
his
thought
,
he
maye
most
quicklye
discurse
euerye
thinge
,
and
with
his
minde
make
iudgement
,
and
as
it
were
deuine
,
&
a
far
of
,
forsee
that
which
is
to
come
.
Least
whiles
there
happen
accidentes
,
neyther
foreseene
nor
looked
for
,
the
Captaine
be
constrayned
sodenly
,
and
vnprouided
for
,
to
take
counsell
,
and
the
safegarde
of
thinges
to
commit
most
fearefully
,
to
the
discretion
of
fortune
.
It
behoueth
him
not
to
be
couerous
nor
desireful
of
gaine
.
For
surely
of
this
vice
he
ought
moste
principallye
to
take
heve
.
For
asmuche
as
,
he
that
is
not
geuen
to
passe
muche
of
gyftes
,
of
Syluer
,
and
golde
,
maye
most
honorably
haue
the
charge
of
suche
doinges
.
And
oute
of
doubt
,
there
be
some
the
which
without
anye
whit
fearing
,
for
highe
courage
and
lustynes
of
body
,
were
apte
to
wythstand
the
armyes
and
power
of
enemies
:
notwithstanding
(
they
become
moste
vyle
)
whilest
they
be
drawen
with
the
vnsaciablenes
of
golde
,
the
whyche
is
a
weapon
of
so
muche
mighte
to
take
,
and
as
it
were
wyth
lyuely
force
,
to
pul
the
victorye
out
of
suche
mens
handes
,
and
to
gyue
it
to
other
.
I
haue
sayde
that
the
Capitain
must
be
neither
old
nor
yong
,
for
that
the
one
,
is
to
muche
obstinate
not
to
beleue
,
the
other
is
weake
in
doinges
,
and
neyther
the
one
,
nor
the
other
is
mete
for
the
rule
of
thinges
.
Wherefore
,
me
thinks
,
that
the
yong
man
is
to
be
refused
,
to
th
ende
that
by
euill
chaunce
vndescretelye
through
he
ouermuch
boldnes
he
happen
not
to
commit
error
.
On
the
contrarye
,
it
is
not
fitte
to
admit
the
olde
manne
,
least
he
for
his
natural
weakenes
,
be
not
sufficient
.
For
the
whiche
cause
,
let
vs
iudge
it
best
that
age
,
that
is
in
the
middes
betwene
the
one
,
and
the
other
:
because
that
then
,
there
is
force
and
strength
,
the
which
is
not
as
yet
spent
nor
consumed
with
age
:
&
prudence
is
founde
in
him
,
that
is
not
very
yonge
.
And
surely
if
any
manne
in
this
thinge
will
approue
the
lustines
and
strength
of
the
body
,
without
the
prudence
of
the
minde
:
or
lykewise
the
witte
without
strength
.
I
am
certayn
he
shall
doe
nothing
that
shal
be
well
:
for
asmuche
as
lyke
as
the
bodye
,
that
lacketh
prudence
,
is
lyttle
worth
to
counsel
,
euen
so
the
mind
of
the
strength
of
body
,
as
from
ministers
abandoned
cannot
commodiusly
take
in
hande
to
do
any
attempt
,
nor
with
profit
bring
it
to
effecte
.
But
he
that
hath
bothe
these
qualities
,
shal
be
mete
to
execute
euery
enterprise
.
For
that
to
him
,
as
frely
beloued
of
all
men
,
both
with
inteere
affection
of
minde
,
when
he
shal
commaunde
,
most
redely
they
will
obey
,
geuinge
full
truste
vnto
his
wordes
,
and
to
what
soeuer
perill
he
shall
put
them
,
the
one
in
trial
of
the
other
,
will
all
be
ready
to
helpe
.
We
haue
thoughte
good
that
he
ought
to
be
chosen
captain
,
that
hath
children
,
but
for
all
that
he
ought
not
to
be
refused
that
hath
none
,
so
that
otherwise
he
be
stronge
and
prudent
.
If
he
haue
children
that
be
as
yet
but
of
tender
yeares
,
they
retayne
altogether
bounde
the
mynde
of
the
father
,
and
as
ostages
geuen
to
his
country
,
haue
force
to
kindle
in
their
father
a
marueylous
fayth
and
beneuolence
towardes
it
,
&
as
it
were
with
sharpe
spurres
to
pricke
him
,
and
to
inflame
his
minde
against
the
enemies
:
and
if
hys
children
be
nowe
come
to
fuller
age
,
with
weapons
,
with
fidelitie
,
with
counsell
,
with
diligence
,
accompaniyng
him
in
the
trauayles
and
gouernment
,
and
faythfully
seruinge
in
secret
thinges
,
they
may
vnto
a
common
welth
bringe
muche
profit
.
Why
he
ought
to
be
a
goodly
speaker
,
is
for
that
of
this
,
concerning
the
thinges
that
is
to
be
entreated
in
the
affayres
of
warre
,
we
iudge
there
wyl
followe
muche
vtilitie
.
Consideringe
that
eyther
hauynge
occasion
to
sette
men
in
araye
to
the
battaile
,
the
Captaine
with
faire
wordes
comfortinge
the
Souldiers
,
easelye
may
perswade
euery
one
of
them
to
despise
al
perils
,
and
to
attende
to
the
glorious
enterprise
:
nor
the
sounde
of
the
trumpet
,
canne
so
muche
inflame
the
mindes
of
men
to
take
their
weapons
,
and
constraine
them
most
valiantly
to
faight
,
as
the
conuenyent
,
and
accordinge
to
the
time
,
the
sugred
talke
of
the
Captaine
maye
moue
theym
,
bothe
vnto
great
actes
for
the
loue
of
vertue
,
and
incorage
them
for
the
desire
of
glorye
,
or
ells
if
neede
be
,
to
comeforte
the
mindes
afflicted
for
some
ouerthrowe
had
,
his
wordes
shal
be
as
a
medicine
.
Wherfore
,
for
the
benefit
of
the
Host
,
for
to
lighten
the
heauinesse
of
accydentes
,
the
Acomodate
speakinge
of
the
Captaine
,
by
most
reason
,
is
more
to
be
desired
then
the
industrie
of
surgeons
,
which
folow
the
campe
,
onelye
to
th
ende
to
heale
woundes
:
for
that
they
take
no
charge
,
but
to
cure
the
hurts
:
But
he
with
swete
and
curteis
maner
of
speakinge
,
comforteth
and
moste
highly
maketh
glad
the
mindes
of
the
weake
and
afflicted
.
Besides
al
this
,
he
confermeth
the
minds
of
them
that
be
whole
,
and
retaines
them
that
be
boldened
.
Then
how
much
more
difficulte
it
is
to
heale
the
infirmities
that
is
hydde
,
then
those
whiche
maye
be
bothe
felte
and
seene
,
euery
manne
knoweth
.
And
like
as
no
Citye
will
neuer
make
armye
,
nor
sende
theym
without
a
Captaine
,
and
determined
gouernement
,
euen
so
neyther
oughte
the
Captaine
to
be
chosen
such
a
one
,
that
knoweth
not
,
nor
hath
not
the
grace
in
speakinge
,
and
that
lacketh
the
faceletie
and
vtteraunce
of
speach
.
Last
of
all
we
said
that
it
behoueth
to
chose
the
Captaine
,
that
is
estemed
and
of
reputacion
:
for
as
muche
as
the
common
people
,
haue
a
custome
il
willinglye
to
suffer
to
be
subiect
to
them
who
be
of
base
condicion
,
&
that
haue
neuer
gotten
neither
honor
nor
glory
.
And
truly
there
is
none
,
if
by
compulsion
he
be
not
made
,
that
will
be
content
to
folow
that
Captaine
,
who
he
knoweth
to
be
of
lesse
worthines
then
himselfe
.
Necessary
it
is
therfore
,
that
he
be
famous
and
noble
,
and
by
the
opinion
of
al
men
to
be
iudged
valiant
.
And
such
a
man
of
vertue
,
of
stomake
,
and
of
maners
,
as
we
aboue
haue
declared
he
ought
to
be
.
But
as
I
holde
oppinion
,
that
no
Captaine
is
to
be
elected
,
hauing
any
respect
to
riches
:
euen
so
I
iudge
the
poore
man
is
not
to
be
refused
,
so
that
he
be
a
good
man
,
and
a
valiaunt
.
For
in
dede
,
I
suppose
not
that
any
manne
for
the
defaulte
of
fortune
,
whether
he
be
poore
or
rich
,
deserues
eyther
to
be
praised
or
dispraised
.
And
surely
euery
man
that
is
of
abillitie
and
riche
,
and
besides
that
adourned
with
bountifulnesse
,
so
muche
differeth
from
the
pore
,
as
an
armor
garneshed
with
siluer
,
and
trimmed
with
gold
,
excelleth
that
which
is
made
of
iron
and
brasse
,
and
that
lacketh
such
kinde
of
settyng
forth
.
And
sure
it
is
,
that
the
one
and
the
other
,
may
couer
and
lykewise
defende
the
Souldier
:
but
the
one
semes
to
be
more
excellente
then
the
other
,
onelye
for
the
giltinge
and
ornament
that
outward
is
adioyned
.
It
is
nedefull
likewise
,
to
haue
aduertisement
not
to
chose
any
,
the
whiche
attends
to
gather
money
,
and
continuallye
hath
his
minde
vpon
luker
,
and
altogether
is
subiect
to
gayne
,
albeit
he
seme
aboue
all
other
neuer
so
aboundant
and
riche
,
as
doeth
euerye
sort
of
marchaunts
,
banckers
and
such
of
lyke
profession
:
for
as
muche
as
necessarily
,
they
be
death
,
and
of
litle
stomacke
,
as
those
that
with
al
their
studye
attende
to
euery
small
gayne
,
and
gyues
themselues
in
praye
to
money
.
Wherby
it
hapneth
that
there
can
neuer
growe
in
them
,
desire
of
any
honorable
,
illustreous
,
or
noble
enterprise
.
Surely
in
a
Captaine
,
I
iudge
that
it
is
to
be
made
accompte
of
,
the
reputacion
and
Nobilitie
of
hys
predecessors
,
if
that
chaunce
in
him
to
he
found
,
but
where
no
such
thinge
is
,
it
ought
not
to
be
greatly
passed
vpon
:
neyther
for
such
cause
,
no
man
is
to
be
reputed
worthy
to
gouerne
.
And
as
in
horse
we
will
consider
their
readines
,
and
not
that
which
appeareth
outwardly
,
so
I
am
of
opinion
,
that
iudgement
is
to
be
made
of
the
nobilitye
of
men
.
It
is
verely
,
a
foolish
and
straunge
thing
not
to
consider
who
&
what
they
be
,
vnto
the
which
must
be
geuen
commission
to
defende
and
to
kepe
oure
Estate
,
and
yet
to
beholde
what
they
haue
bene
,
and
what
their
predecessours
haue
done
:
as
if
they
which
now
so
long
agon
are
dead
,
might
both
defende
and
saue
vs
.
Moreouer
,
it
is
a
thinge
altogether
vniust
,
and
that
in
no
maner
of
wife
is
conuenient
,
by
order
or
lawe
of
Armes
,
to
determine
,
that
to
them
,
the
whiche
haue
in
some
affaires
acquited
them selues
valiant
he
geuen
rewards
and
honors
,
not
for
being
borne
of
most
noble
parentage
:
and
to
iudge
afterwarde
,
that
for
a
Captayne
he
ought
to
be
chosen
,
the
which
only
hath
his
originall
of
valiaunt
and
noble
progenitours
,
and
not
he
that
doth
trust
in
his
owne
proper
vertue
,
wherin
he
excelleth
,
although
he
lacke
the
glory
and
brauenes
of
his
Auncestry
and
stocke
.
The
which
thinges
ioined
vnto
vertue
,
such
a
captain
I
suppose
verelye
,
shoulde
be
so
muche
the
more
aduenturous
:
but
where
lacketh
his
proper
vertue
,
I
esteme
him
without
any
doubt
,
to
be
altogether
vaine
and
vnprofitable
:
yea
,
and
by
most
reason
it
is
to
be
thought
,
that
they
will
become
better
Captaynes
,
the
whyche
of
illustrious
and
famous
bloud
,
cannot
muche
boaste
,
for
as
muche
as
they
,
whome
in
the
worthines
of
their
forefathers
,
doe
trust
,
thinke
for
the
selfe
some
renowme
of
theim
,
to
be
honoured
,
if
sometime
in
their
offyce
,
they
commit
any
fault
:
such
confidence
they
haue
in
the
reputacion
and
name
of
their
Ansetry
:
wherby
it
hapneth
,
that
oftentimes
they
more
negligently
gouerne
.
But
these
that
haue
no
maner
of
hope
in
the
glory
of
their
Aunseters
,
&
to
whom
hath
not
decended
any
sparke
of
worthines
,
from
their
forefathers
,
whilest
with
their
own
proper
solicitatenes
and
industry
,
they
desire
vnto
the
contrarye
of
their
vnknownes
,
to
put
in
light
,
their
owne
proper
actes
,
more
warelye
they
procure
thinges
,
&
in
the
ende
with
more
prompt
and
glad
minde
dispose
them selues
to
euery
perill
.
And
like
as
they
that
by
inheritance
haue
not
had
lefte
theim
great
aboundaunce
,
nor
riche
patrimonie
,
more
circumspectlye
will
kepe
their
goodes
,
then
the
richer
or
welthier
wil
do
,
for
asmuch
as
they
with
all
diligence
and
labour
,
wil
inforce
theim selues
to
increase
always
:
euen
so
those
,
whiche
can
not
serue
them selues
of
the
fame
and
glorye
of
their
fathers
,
as
a
thing
of
inheritance
:
by
all
maner
of
wayes
,
seke
to
attaine
reputacion
,
whiche
shall
be
of
their
owne
proper
indeuor
.
We
ought
therfore
to
chose
the
captaine
,
valiaunte
,
of
noble
bloude
,
aduenturus
,
ryche
,
but
yet
neuertheles
the
poore
is
not
to
be
despised
and
refused
,
so
that
he
,
althoughe
he
be
not
borne
of
illustrious
progenitours
be
famous
,
and
estemed
,
for
his
own
proper
vertue
.
And
after
that
he
is
elected
and
confirmed
in
suche
degre
,
be
pleasant
,
gentle
,
and
chereful
to
them
that
will
come
to
his
presence
:
notwithstandinge
he
ought
not
in
euery
place
to
euery
man
shew
him self
so
benigne
and
gentell
:
least
he
happen
to
be
despised
,
neyther
so
proude
,
and
stoute
,
that
he
moue
other
to
beare
hym
hatred
.
And
that
he
doe
this
to
th
intent
that
with
to
muche
licence
and
benignitye
,
he
cause
not
the
Armye
to
be
dissolute
,
or
with
sharpenes
and
seueritie
,
make
them
alianate
theyr
mindes
,
and
to
become
enemies
.
Of
chusynge
the
heades
of
the
Souldiers
.
THE
Capytayne
must
elect
and
ordein
the
Decurians
,
Of
Counsellers
.
BEsydes
all
thys
,
it
is
necessarye
that
the
Captain
haue
with
him
some
Counsellours
and
companions
,
with
whom
he
may
deliberate
vpon
euery
matter
.
And
they
being
made
partakers
of
the
counselles
,
muste
in
time
and
place
tell
their
iudgementes
.
And
let
him
chose
theym
eyther
before
he
purpose
to
do
any
thyng
,
that
they
may
folow
him
,
and
the
army
for
to
doe
their
office
,
or
els
after
that
he
shal
be
set
forward
,
to
cal
before
the
day
of
battaile
,
of
the
most
noblest
,
&
of
greatest
grauitye
,
and
to
cause
them
to
come
vnto
him
,
the
whyche
together
wyth
him
,
ought
of
euerye
thynge
to
debate
.
For
as
much
as
al
those
thinges
,
that
anye
man
of
hym selfe
hath
founde
,
he
may
alone
by
him selfe
with
study
examine
,
but
he
oughte
not
strayght
wayes
to
approue
and
confirme
it
:
for
that
our
thoughts
and
Councels
,
as
a
thing
vnto
the
which
we
haue
a
natural
affection
,
if
of
others
faythful
counsel
it
be
not
holpen
,
easely
it
may
beguile
vs
,
and
many
times
it
is
founde
to
be
full
of
errorres
:
contrarywyse
,
those
thinges
,
that
by
iudgement
and
opynion
of
other
be
aproued
,
dothe
assure
the
mynde
,
and
kepeth
thynges
stable
and
sure
.
Notwithstanding
,
no
man
oughte
so
little
to
truste
on
hym selfe
,
that
alwayes
he
be
of
opinyon
weake
and
doubtfull
,
nor
of
him selfe
so
much
to
presume
,
that
he
thinke
other
cannot
fynd
councell
better
then
his
.
For
that
it
shal
be
necessary
,
that
he
,
whiche
is
alwayes
subiecte
to
the
councell
of
other
,
hauing
altogether
distruste
of
him selfe
,
come
to
chaunge
infinite
thinges
,
wherby
in
waightye
matters
,
both
hurt
&
incomoditie
doth
folowe
,
as
lykewyse
he
must
nedes
,
either
alwayes
or
often
tymes
commit
errorre
,
that
not
hearing
the
aduise
of
other
,
euerye
thinge
doth
atribute
to
him selfe
alone
.
Of
the
warre
that
is
to
be
taken
in
hande
.
I
Iudge
that
the
warre
ought
to
be
begun
cyrcumspectly
&
with
prudence
,
as
a
sure
foundation
of
thinges
,
wherby
to
all
menne
,
may
as
it
were
moste
clearely
appeare
,
to
be
for
good
cause
taken
in
hande
.
That
for
the
same
they
may
hope
that
God
wil
be
gracious
and
fanourable
.
And
then
,
the
souldiers
with
boldnes
more
gladlier
and
more
redier
will
go
whether
so
euer
thou
liste
to
execute
thy
commaundementes
:
as
they
the
whiche
doth
well
knowe
,
that
they
ought
to
do
iniurye
to
no
man
of
their
owne
wil
&
desire
,
but
when
they
are
prouoked
and
constrayned
,
to
take
them
to
their
Armor
.
For
the
whiche
thing
with
al
their
force
,
and
〈…〉
stomackes
,
they
wyll
〈…〉
forwarde
〈…〉
haue
to
〈…〉
,
those
that
thinke
peraduenture
vniustly
to
haue
begonne
the
warre
,
will
haue
suspition
that
god
wil
be
against
them
displeased
and
contrary
,
for
which
only
opinion
although
there
happen
not
any
thing
vnfortunatelye
,
yet
they
will
stande
with
feare
and
terrorre
.
Wherefore
vnto
a
Captaine
it
is
conuenient
that
of
those
thinges
,
the
whiche
he
eyther
requireth
,
or
beinge
of
other
required
,
that
he
do
not
graunt
theym
,
first
by
mouth
,
and
afterwarde
by
waye
of
Ambassadours
to
intreate
thereof
:
to
th
intent
that
eyther
demaunding
iust
thinges
,
or
denying
the
vniust
,
he
may
seme
to
be
prouoked
to
rise
in
armes
.
Finally
it
is
good
to
cal
to
witnes
god
and
men
,
that
he
hath
not
vndertaken
to
make
warre
for
despite
,
and
vnaduisedlye
,
as
though
to
him
there
could
not
happen
those
thinges
,
which
often
tymes
are
wonte
to
chaunce
to
them
,
that
make
warre
:
nor
also
for
that
he
for
an
obstinate
mynde
couereth
to
do
harms
and
to
ruinate
the
people
.
And
in
dede
where
not
onelye
in
the
buyldinge
of
houses
and
walles
,
it
is
mete
to
cast
〈◊〉
foundation
,
to
the
ende
〈…〉
weake
beginninges
,
that
〈…〉
thou
●●…st
edefie
〈…〉
,
wyse
wyth
muche
more
dilygence
and
aduertisement
,
greater
surenes
,
&
establishment
,
is
to
be
vsed
in
the
beginnings
of
warre
,
before
men
be
conducted
abrode
,
&
an
Armie
leuied
.
For
as
muche
as
the
weake
beginninges
of
thinges
,
cannot
sustain
the
waight
that
is
laide
vpon
them
,
but
easely
oppressed
,
&
of
euery
accedent
beaten
,
they
wil
fall
,
&
altogether
go
to
ruin
.
And
therfore
it
is
nedefull
to
take
insample
by
the
skilfull
maister
of
the
shippe
,
who
before
he
go
out
of
the
hauen
to
enter
into
the
sea
,
doth
furnishe
the
ship
,
of
all
manner
of
thynges
necessarye
,
and
as
much
as
he
can
possible
,
doth
arme
and
decke
it
,
&
afterwardes
settes
him selfe
to
sailing
.
Becaufe
it
is
a
thing
reprochfull
and
perilous
,
to
make
a
shew
of
mouing
warre
after
such
sort
,
for
which
by
sea
and
by
land
,
men
are
conducted
,
and
afterward
in
a
moment
in
the
preparation
thereof
to
stay
,
and
in
the
middest
of
the
course
,
&
also
in
the
force
it selfe
,
to
turne
(
as
the
common
saiyng
is
)
the
taile
,
and
most
shamefully
to
retire
,
or
els
folishly
to
put
in
peril
the
state
of
al
things
,
&
to
be
of
euery
man
mocked
,
not
only
for
lightnes
,
but
also
being
despised
,
for
that
the
people
will
repute
thee
of
small
worthines
,
thou
shalt
be
esteamed
subiect
to
al
kinde
of
iniury
.
After
which
wil
folow
that
thy
enemyes
(
albeit
they
haue
not
suffred
any
harme
,
thou
minding
to
haue
hurt
theym
,
but
hauing
not
bene
able
,
both
for
vilenes
,
and
for
lacke
of
wisedome
)
wyll
beare
vnto
thee
,
cruell
and
mortall
hatred
.
Of
conducting
foorth
the
Army
HAuing
first
purged
euery
publike
blot
&
faulte
,
and
made
cleane
euery
priuat
error
&
viciousnes
,
&
such
purgation
of
sinnes
being
done
with
praiers
and
sacrifices
,
as
by
way
of
religion
the
holy
law
hath
commaunded
,
or
as
it
is
ordeined
of
the
priests
themselfes
,
the
army
may
then
be
conducted
out
,
which
alwayes
must
be
led
in
battel
ray
,
although
it
haue
not
as
yet
to
come
to
the
hands
with
th
enemies
:
&
in
like
maner
when
it
hathe
occasion
to
passe
through
Countreis
which
are
of
length
many
daies
iorney
,
albeit
that
they
be
quiet
and
peasable
.
For
as
much
as
,
after
this
sorte
,
the
souldiers
will
accustome
them selues
to
obserue
the
aray
,
&
specially
euery
man
will
learne
to
stand
in
his
place
,
&
to
follow
theyr
leaders
&
Constables
.
The
which
thing
much
more
carefully
must
be
obserued
when
it
shall
be
necessarye
to
marche
through
the
dominions
of
the
enemyes
,
to
the
end
that
by
sodaine
assaults
,
thy
souldiers
be
not
constrained
at
euery
step
,
to
rise
in
a
rumor
,
and
confusedlye
to
run
here
and
there
;
&
the
one
to
go
contrary
to
the
other
,
and
finally
coming
about
thee
,
in
diuers
maners
,
not
to
be
able
to
do
any
thing
of
anye
profite
.
For
which
cause
,
through
euery
place
,
thou
oughtest
to
march
with
the
army
in
battaile
ray
,
whereby
the
souldiers
may
be
made
more
apt
and
spedy
to
make
a
voyage
,
&
quicke
&
redy
to
resist
if
nede
shal
be
:
they
hauing
learned
to
folow
that
ansignes
,
to
attend
to
commaundements
,
&
to
behaue
themselfes
valiantly
,
according
to
theyr
place
&
order
.
If
thou
lead
thy
army
by
suche
places
,
thou
oughtest
to
bring
them
close
together
,
&
retire
them
in
litle
space
,
so
that
by
the
straightnes
,
&
by
the
facilitye
of
inlarging
,
thou
be
not
constrained
to
extende
thy selfe
into
too
much
length
.
Which
fashion
of
marching
semes
to
geue
power
to
the
ennemye
,
to
assault
commodiously
their
aduersaries
&
according
to
the
occasion
to
hurt
them
,
he
knowing
to
be
taken
from
them
the
commoditie
to
defend
their selues
.
For
asmuch
as
,
either
with
more
large
order
,
coming
against
thee
,
the
which
is
wont
to
hapen
(
both
the
hornes
being
compassed
)
it
is
like
that
he
shall
easly
disorder
thee
,
&
put
the
to
flight
:
or
els
geuing
that
charge
on
the
flank
,
in
the
midst
of
the
squadron
,
hauing
alredy
broken
the
order
,
sodenly
stop
thy
men
from
being
able
to
go
forward
,
being
closed
in
the
arays
of
theyr
enemies
.
Wherfore
minding
to
retire
into
a
main
battel
,
&
to
turne
to
resist
,
they
shal
be
able
to
do
litle
good
,
as
those
that
haue
vsed
such
a
maine
battel
,
which
for
hauing
not
any
thickenes
,
is
nothing
strong
,
but
rather
altogether
weake
.
Finally
if
the
enemy
geue
the
assault
behinde
on
the
last
bande
,
thou
shalt
be
brought
to
the
very
same
necessitye
,
after
such
sort
,
that
not
onlye
it
shal
be
seen
that
he
may
be
able
to
take
awaye
the
power
to
resist
,
but
also
be
able
to
geue
thee
most
manifest
ouerthrowe
.
But
yf
thou
tourning
backward
,
haue
stomacke
to
faight
,
thou
shal
be
oppressed
of
the
selfe
same
difficulty
,
whiche
we
shewed
,
might
be
impediment
to
them
that
be
placed
in
the
front
,
for
as
muche
as
thou
mayst
be
sodenly
compassed
about
and
taken
.
Moreouer
,
it
is
wont
to
happen
whilest
the
thing
goeth
not
euen
,
that
thou
canst
not
easelye
geue
succour
to
that
part
of
thy
men
which
are
beaten
and
wery
.
For
asmuch
as
if
thou
call
the
first
,
to
succour
the
last
,
or
els
contrariwise
cal
the
last
to
geue
helpe
to
them
that
be
in
the
fronte
,
it
semes
that
thesame
,
vncomodiously
,
&
to
late
,
may
be
brought
to
effect
,
hauing
nede
both
to
these
,
and
to
those
,
to
run
vp
and
downe
by
a
long
space
,
and
distaunce
of
ground
.
For
the
whiche
thing
,
it
is
alwayes
better
,
and
more
sure
,
and
more
easye
to
gouerne
the
bandes
that
march
close
&
square
,
then
thin
and
long
:
inespecially
for
as
much
as
,
to
an
armye
that
marcheth
with
the
bandes
long
,
often
times
is
wont
to
happen
,
that
of
somthing
seen
doubtful
&
vncertaine
,
there
groweth
sodenly
feare
and
terror
.
Because
somtime
it
hath
chaunsed
,
the
men
decending
from
high
places
&
hilly
,
in
the
plain
,
to
places
expedite
&
open
,
&
the
formost
seing
the
last
of
the
selfe
same
band
,
by
a
very
great
distance
to
come
after
,
supposing
them selues
to
be
assauted
of
some
ambushe
of
enemies
,
it
hath
ben
sene
that
they
haue
sodenly
turned
to
faight
,
and
afterwardes
:
no
otherwise
then
as
with
enemies
,
haue
with
their
owne
fellowes
gone
together
by
the
eares
.
The
victuailes
,
the
caryages
,
&
al
the
remnant
of
prouision
of
th
instrumentes
of
war
,
I
iudge
should
be
placed
in
the
midst
of
the
army
:
except
the
places
that
are
left
behinde
,
be
so
safe
,
that
without
daunger
such
thinges
may
be
caried
and
conducted
after
the
army
:
but
if
it
shall
be
otherwise
,
the
hindemost
part
wold
be
garded
&
defended
of
the
most
valiant
soldiers
,
as
also
is
to
be
don
in
the
formost
because
the
vnawares
may
happen
many
thinges
.
Likewise
there
ought
to
be
sent
afore
,
certain
men
on
horsbacke
,
the
which
should
go
inuestigating
,
&
spiing
where
they
may
passe
,
inespecially
hauing
occasion
to
make
voyages
by
mountains
,
by
woods
,
by
places
inclosed
with
hils
,
&
by
most
great
deserts
.
Because
that
many
rymes
,
the
enemye
hauing
oportunity
to
laye
an
ambush
priusly
by
the
passage
,
&
to
assault
his
aduersaries
,
which
litle
therof
toke
hede
hath
easily
broken
&
altogether
ruinated
them
.
The
which
ambushes
if
our
Captaine
by
way
of
explorators
shall
forsee
,
with
a
litle
paine
hauing
preuented
the
councel
of
the
enemy
,
he
may
attain
a
most
great
name
of
prudence
and
likewise
saue
his
army
.
But
the
open
plaines
,
which
because
they
may
be
esely
sene
without
sending
afore
any
spy
,
thou
with
thine
own
eies
,
may
take
hede
.
For
as
much
as
in
the
day
,
dust
moued
and
lifted
vp
in
the
ayre
,
doeth
shewe
the
stirring
of
ennemies
,
and
in
the
night
,
the
fires
&
the
flame
,
signifieth
their
campe
to
be
neare
.
When
thy
men
are
to
be
conducted
to
make
a
voyage
,
&
not
for
to
faight
,
thou
oughtest
to
remoue
by
day
,
if
peraduenture
some
thing
do
not
constraine
thee
,
for
the
which
thou
thinkest
good
to
go
in
hast
,
to
come
before
th
enemy
,
where
in
dede
for
such
occasion
,
thou
maiest
remoue
by
night
,
so
that
thou
know
,
that
safelye
it
may
be
done
.
When
thou
comest
in
place
where
thou
art
constrained
straight
way
to
come
to
the
handes
with
thy
enemy
,
and
to
faight
,
lead
thy
men
not
in
haste
,
but
softly
,
&
inforce
theim
not
to
make
to
long
a
iorney
:
forasmuche
as
,
labour
taken
before
men
come
to
faight
,
is
sene
most
often
times
,
vainely
to
consume
the
force
and
strengthe
of
their
bodies
.
But
yf
thou
muste
marche
wyth
thy
menne
in
the
Countrye
of
thy
fryendes
,
it
is
nedefull
that
thou
commaund
thy
Souldiers
,
that
in
no
maner
of
wyse
,
they
touche
or
marre
any
thing
,
but
rather
altogether
to
refrayne
:
consyderyng
that
Souldiers
trustyng
in
their
weapons
,
&
hauing
liberty
to
do
what
shall
please
them
,
wyll
fauour
nothyng
;
inespecially
for
that
the
sighte
of
thinges
that
please
men
,
out
of
doubt
are
wont
most
daungerously
to
leade
ignoraunt
,
and
vnwareful
men
,
to
desire
them
,
and
with
the
swetenesse
of
robbing
,
to
entice
them
to
do
al
maner
of
mischiefe
.
Whereunto
yf
thou
prouydest
not
,
thy
frendes
and
confederates
,
for
euery
smal
occasion
wil
become
enemies
.
Notwythstandyng
,
the
country
of
thy
aduersaryes
,
thou
shalt
suffer
thy
soul
diers
openly
to
ruinate
,
destroy
,
burne
,
and
consume
,
because
by
the
dearth
of
victualles
,
and
lack
of
money
,
warres
are
wonte
to
diminyshe
,
and
to
be
extinguished
:
and
contrariwise
,
through
abundance
and
riches
,
they
are
nourished
and
maintained
.
But
firste
before
thou
sufferest
thy
enemies
countrie
to
be
destroyed
,
thou
shouldest
geue
aduice
to
thy
enemies
,
threatning
them
,
what
thou
wilte
do
,
yf
they
wil
not
yelde
vnto
thee
:
for
that
the
perill
of
the
misery
prepared
,
and
the
feare
of
the
ruine
loked
for
,
often
tymes
constraines
men
to
graunt
many
thinges
,
the
whiche
at
the
first
,
by
no
maner
of
meane
had
bene
possible
to
haue
brought
them
to
do
.
But
after
that
they
haue
once
receyued
the
hurte
,
they
will
make
litle
accompte
of
thee
,
and
despyse
al
other
thynges
,
as
though
thou
couldest
doe
them
no
more
harme
.
Albeit
,
if
thou
knowest
surely
,
that
in
the
countrey
of
thy
ennemies
,
thou
must
tary
long
with
thy
army
,
suffer
to
be
taken
,
&
spoiled
only
those
things
,
which
thou
seest
not
to
be
greatly
prsfitable
vnto
thee
:
but
the
same
which
is
to
be
thought
,
may
be
preserued
for
thy
commodity
,
commaund
openly
vnto
thy
Souldiers
,
that
they
forbeare
.
Hauyng
made
readye
,
and
sette
in
order
thy
men
,
tarrye
not
long
in
thy
owne
countrye
,
nor
yet
in
the
same
of
thy
confiderates
:
lest
that
consuming
al
thy
prouision
,
it
seme
not
that
thou
be
of
greater
hurt
to
thy
frendes
,
then
to
thy
ennemyes
:
but
rather
conducte
quickly
thine
army
,
into
the
aduersaries
countrey
,
wherby
if
it
be
fertyle
&
abundant
,
there
may
be
taken
at
thy
nede
,
most
plenteouslye
those
thinges
that
thou
list
.
But
if
it
be
otherwise
,
thou
shalt
cause
to
be
knowen
,
that
the
sekest
to
prouyde
most
louinglie
,
both
for
the
wealth
&
profit
of
thy
frendes
.
And
where
the
Countrey
of
the
enemies
is
fertyle
,
and
aboundaunt
,
there
may
be
taken
thereof
much
commoditye
,
and
great
profite
.
Besides
this
,
thou
oughtest
to
care
wyth
all
diligence
,
that
in
thy
campe
,
both
by
Sea
,
and
Land
,
victuall
maye
be
safelye
broughte
,
for
asmuche
as
by
suche
meanes
,
the
Marchauntes
will
endeuour
wyth
all
dilygence
,
to
bring
all
those
thinges
,
which
for
the
vse
of
an
Army
shal
be
necessarye
.
Moreouer
,
when
thou
must
passe
throughe
straight
places
,
or
muste
cause
the
Armye
to
marche
throughe
rough
and
hilly
wayes
,
then
it
is
conuenient
principallye
for
the
preseruation
of
thy
things
,
to
send
before
some
to
take
and
keepe
the
highest
places
,
the
rockes
,
the
foordes
,
and
other
enclosed
wayes
,
to
th
ende
,
leaste
the
enemyes
goinge
before
thee
,
come
not
to
take
them
,
and
so
easelye
to
keepe
the
passage
from
thee
.
The
contrarye
thou
oughtest
to
enforce
thy self
to
do
,
when
thou
vnderstandest
that
thy
enemye
must
passe
through
such
roughe
,
&
straight
places
.
Seing
that
not
only
,
thou
hast
to
take
hede
not
to
receiue
any
harme
,
but
also
to
enforce
thy selfe
to
turne
against
the
enemye
the
verye
same
deceites
,
whereby
he
thinkes
to
deceiue
thee
withal
.
And
like
as
when
thou
purposest
to
go
against
him
,
it
is
requisite
to
solicitate
the
matter
,
to
be
able
to
be
afore
him
,
and
at
vnawares
to
oppresse
hym
,
euen
so
with
all
dyligence
,
thou
oughtest
to
prouide
to
let
him
euery
way
,
if
thou
vnderstandest
that
he
entendes
to
come
against
thee
.
Of
lying
in
the
field
.
THy
tentes
being
pitched
in
the
country
of
the
enemies
,
althoughe
thou
haue
not
delyberated
longe
to
tarye
in
the
same
place
,
yet
there
must
be
out
of
hand
made
the
diches
&
the
trench
.
Forasmuche
as
after
this
sort
,
thou
shalte
stand
more
fortefied
.
Whereby
the
sodaine
inuasions
and
craftye
assaultes
of
the
enemyes
,
maye
more
safelye
be
withstode
.
And
moreouer
,
thou
maist
chuse
souldiers
,
to
whom
charge
must
be
geuen
,
that
night
and
day
,
they
kepe
watch
&
warde
in
the
Campe
,
albeit
that
it
be
knowen
that
the
enemye
be
farre
of
.
But
if
thou
be
not
letted
of
the
enemyes
:
and
purposest
longer
in
the
same
place
to
kepe
the
Campe
,
eyther
to
geue
the
spoile
to
their
Countrey
,
or
to
watche
a
more
comodious
oportunetie
,
to
take
occasion
to
hurte
them
,
then
chuse
those
places
where
thou
intendest
to
pitche
the
campe
,
that
it
be
not
durty
,
nor
through
other
ocasion
vnbolsome
,
for
that
the
nature
&
the
situation
of
suche
places
,
through
the
corrupt
vapours
,
and
through
the
stinke
that
they
sende
forth
,
diuers
infirmyties
and
pestilence
,
is
wont
to
be
induced
,
and
ingendred
:
whereby
who
so
euer
is
infected
,
is
greuously
afflicted
,
and
manye
maye
happen
to
dye
,
after
such
sort
,
that
dying
alwayes
a
greate
sort
,
not
only
euery
day
the
Army
wil
diminish
,
but
also
through
the
debelity
&
melancoly
which
they
haue
,
that
remaine
aliue
,
they
wil
fall
sick
&
languish
beyond
measure
.
And
therefore
holesome
and
profitable
it
is
,
not
to
kepe
the
armye
to
long
in
one
place
.
Excepte
it
be
that
thou
arte
constrayned
to
remayne
,
for
occasion
to
winter
,
and
to
aunyde
the
colde
and
the
sharpenes
of
the
ayre
.
Furthermore
,
moste
greate
care
is
to
be
hadde
,
that
the
Tentes
and
the
Pauilions
,
be
pitched
in
order
,
after
suche
sorte
,
that
thou
maiste
bee
thought
to
inhabits
a
place
lyke
vnto
a
litle
Citye
.
Forasmuch
as
otherwyse
,
the
euacuasions
of
bodyes
,
that
long
is
made
in
one
place
,
sende
forth
corrupte
vapours
,
the
contagiousnesse
of
whiche
dispersed
,
cometh
to
infecte
the
ayre
nere
about
,
and
lightly
tourneth
it
,
into
a
naughtie
vnholesome
qualitie
,
by
whiche
continuall
vse
,
and
necessary
custome
,
we
take
diuers
and
perilous
infirmities
.
Of
exercisynge
the
Souldiers
.
WHen
the
Souldyers
in
the
wynter
be
at
home
,
they
ought
to
be
excercised
,
&
with
diuers
masteris
be
made
apte
to
fayght
:
so
that
neyther
ydlenes
nor
sluggishnes
,
haue
at
no
tyme
any
place
.
Surely
the
standing
in
ydlenes
&
in
slugguishnes
,
maketh
the
bodies
to
become
weake
and
languished
,
and
it
yeldes
the
mindes
altogether
vile
and
feareful
.
For
that
also
the
mindes
of
them
,
that
be
moste
stoute
,
do
therby
become
feble
,
whilest
they
be
taken
by
the
flattery
of
pleasures
,
&
of
continual
vse
of
delicatnes
.
For
whiche
thing
,
menne
ought
not
much
to
absent
them selues
from
actiuity
,
&
from
laboure
:
Because
,
if
after
idlenes
thou
wouldest
constraine
anye
to
labour
,
they
wyl
not
go
to
the
same
very
willingly
,
and
going
,
they
will
not
continue
,
as
those
which
inured
with
long
slothfulnes
,
feare
labour
,
and
flie
euery
safe
enterprise
,
not
as
yet
made
,
and
finally
if
to
any
place
,
they
wil
go
to
attempt
some
act
,
sodainly
they
wil
depart
,
&
altogether
distrusting
themselues
,
cannot
&
will
not
sustain
labour
.
And
therfore
it
is
the
offyce
of
a
wyse
Captaine
,
to
ordaine
quietly
,
&
commodiously
to
make
ready
those
thinges
,
which
he
knoweth
to
be
profitable
for
theym
,
whilest
he
is
not
compelled
of
any
necessity
to
faight
,
&
when
it
semes
that
they
stand
in
no
maner
of
perill
,
nor
anye
impediment
happen
theym
that
maye
let
him
to
comaunde
hys
souldiers
,
to
do
those
things
for
the
exercise
of
their
bodies
,
which
them
is
not
nedefull
to
serue
against
the
ennemy
.
Finally
,
euery
thing
without
perill
that
is
committed
to
the
souldiers
to
do
,
as
the
same
that
instructeth
,
teacheth
&
maketh
them
apt
to
the
true
maner
of
faighting
,
may
seme
to
haue
many
conuenient
disports
,
&
recreations
,
yea
&
to
them
which
with
wearines
be
greued
.
Souldiers
be
kept
in
exercise
,
in
this
maner
:
let
some
of
them
be
chosen
,
&
to
euerye
one
be
geuen
the
weapons
,
for
suche
a
thing
conuenient
,
&
armed
,
accustome
them
to
keepe
the
order
,
and
learne
neuer
to
forsake
their
owne
place
,
&
besides
that
,
with
taking
hede
the
one
to
the
other
,
&
calling
them
often
,
&
with
familiar
practise
together
to
vnite
&
to
draw
together
them selues
,
after
such
sorte
,
that
euery
man
maye
learne
&
know
in
what
place
&
ranke
,
euery
one
is
placed
,
&
to
stande
ready
to
obey
without
delay
,
their
captaines
commaundementes
.
Besides
this
,
the
soldiers
according
as
they
shal
be
taught
,
must
be
instructed
in
knowing
how
to
destend
&
bring
together
the
bandes
,
&
on
the
right
hand
,
&
on
the
left
hande
,
to
turne
them
.
Make
them
learne
also
according
to
the
order
,
the
transferring
of
the
sqadron
from
place
to
place
,
&
the
mouing
them selues
without
confusion
,
&
the
way
to
inlarge
&
draw
together
the
rankes
,
&
finally
the
going
forth
,
&
the
returning
nowe
the
one
,
now
the
other
,
and
the
deuisions
and
compartiments
made
by
the
Decurians
:
&
the
maner
also
to
ingrose
the
bands
in
largenes
,
&
to
extend
them
in
length
,
&
to
faight
,
of
the
one
side
,
and
of
the
other
,
with
battel
deuided
in
.ii.
partes
,
inespecially
when
the
last
and
rescuing
souldiers
,
tourning
theym
about
,
do
resist
the
ennemyes
,
who
seeke
to
compasse
them
.
Laste
of
all
,
it
is
needefull
,
to
admonyshe
the
souldiers
,
that
they
stande
attentyue
to
vnderstande
the
signes
,
which
by
commaundement
of
the
Captaine
,
shal
be
geuen
whilest
they
faight
:
and
whan
the
Trompette
soundes
to
retire
,
that
with
good
order
they
doe
gather
together
,
and
a
litle
and
a
litle
,
withdrawe
them
from
the
batraile
.
And
verily
to
them
,
whiche
beginne
to
indeuour
theym
selues
to
learne
musicke
,
it
is
wont
to
chaunce
,
that
at
the
firste
where
they
shoulde
set
their
fingers
in
the
holes
of
the
instrumentes
of
flutes
,
or
in
the
stops
of
instrumentes
with
stringes
,
they
set
them
cleane
contrary
,
and
vse
them
without
arte
,
so
that
they
make
no
Armonie
:
and
lykewyse
scant
extend
them
,
and
slowly
moue
them
.
But
they
that
by
practise
,
exercise
and
reason
,
be
expert
in
such
science
,
without
any
paine
,
eyther
when
it
is
nedefull
to
gyue
a
little
or
muche
winde
,
or
els
with
the
finger
to
stop
the
stringes
,
conueniently
,
&
wyth
commoditye
,
geue
and
withholde
the
breath
,
&
with
measure
and
quicknes
moue
the
hande
,
heretofore
accustomed
.
The
very
same
happeneth
to
theym
that
be
rude
,
and
that
hath
not
the
experience
of
the
feares
of
warre
.
In
the
begining
it
semes
that
with
trauaile
and
difficultie
,
through
manye
errors
and
long
space
of
time
it
is
before
they
maye
be
instructed
and
kept
in
battel
raye
.
But
so
sone
as
they
be
taught
and
made
perfecte
,
of
them selues
they
will
sette
them
to
the
place
,
vnto
the
order
,
&
to
the
thing
that
they
haue
to
do
,
euery
one
of
them
wonderfully
inforsinge
them
accordinge
to
their
power
,
to
make
a
faire
and
in
al
pointes
a
well
ordered
muster
.
The
Armye
beinge
learned
and
ordeined
after
this
maner
:
I
woulde
deuide
them
in
two
partes
,
&
then
without
weapon
bring
them
close
together
to
fayght
,
distributinge
the
light
dartes
,
and
the
slite
partesans
:
and
if
paraduenture
there
shal
be
nere
some
plowed
fielde
,
lette
theym
faight
wyth
the
cloddes
of
earth
,
and
let
the
souldiers
vse
harnes
of
Bulles
lether
,
yf
they
may
haue
it
.
But
if
there
were
litle
hilles
or
places
,
somwhat
rougher
then
plaine
,
and
lykewise
pendent
,
by
commaundement
of
the
Captaine
,
let
there
be
appointed
one
parte
of
Souldiers
,
to
euerye
one
of
which
,
let
there
be
geuen
such
sort
of
weapon
as
is
mete
,
and
geuynge
theim selues
to
run
,
take
those
plates
:
and
to
the
contrary
,
let
there
be
chosen
of
the
other
,
to
whome
be
geuen
charge
,
that
with
like
weapons
they
inforce
them selues
from
such
places
to
driue
away
those
,
that
kepe
the
highe
grounde
,
and
to
enter
their selues
.
Finally
,
the
fayght
finished
,
let
the
Captaine
praise
those
the
which
without
euer
being
moued
,
haue
their
places
to
them
appointed
,
euen
to
the
laste
defended
:
or
els
to
praise
them
which
hauing
driuen
away
the
other
,
haue
entred
their selues
.
With
this
maner
of
faighting
,
finally
with
this
emulacion
,
and
with
this
diligence
,
the
army
is
conserued
,
and
the
bodies
of
souldiers
purged
,
and
refreshed
after
suche
sort
,
that
euery
one
of
them
willingly
wil
vse
euery
sorte
of
meates
,
and
swetelye
take
euerye
drinkinge
,
not
caringe
,
anye
further
,
to
seeke
thinges
neither
greatly
fine
,
or
delicate
,
nor
muche
exquisite
.
Considering
the
bunger
the
which
comes
vpon
men
throughe
the
trauaile
of
labour
,
and
the
drines
that
commeth
to
them
that
through
labouring
swete
,
howe
symple
so
euer
the
meate
and
drinke
be
,
it
wil
be
thought
to
be
a
delicate
dishe
,
and
a
sweete
drinkinge
.
Whereby
the
bodies
of
Souldiers
become
more
lusty
and
nimble
.
For
that
those
which
be
wont
to
labor
in
heate
and
cold
in
the
open
aire
,
as
men
glad
and
readye
,
do
submit
them selues
to
trauell
,
and
also
lustely
sustayne
it
.
In
the
very
same
maner
,
shoulde
be
exercised
the
horsmen
.
In
the
presence
of
the
Capytaine
to
be
ordeined
the
running
in
triall
the
one
of
the
other
,
the
pursuing
after
,
the
flyinge
,
the
incountringe
,
the
charginge
of
their
staues
,
speciallye
in
places
playne
and
large
,
or
els
at
the
foot
of
hilles
,
as
far
as
the
borses
may
go
for
the
stepe
and
stony
places
:
for
in
deede
they
ought
not
to
be
inforced
to
runne
there
,
where
it
is
to
highe
and
pending
,
or
to
muche
stepe
and
downeright
.
Of
makyng
the
spoyle
.
THE
spoyle
ought
moderatelye
to
be
made
,
and
it
is
not
to
be
borne
withall
,
that
the
Souldiers
be
suffered
presumtuouslye
to
goe
to
rauin
and
to
spoyle
:
nor
to
lette
them
goe
to
much
wandering
,
in
the
Countrey
of
the
enemyes
,
inespecially
if
it
be
riche
and
aboundaunte
,
bycause
by
such
lyberty
,
often
tymes
most
great
hurtes
hath
bene
sene
to
insue
.
Where
the
enemy
findinge
suche
occasion
,
and
setting
in
order
his
people
,
assaulting
the
Souldiers
disordered
and
straggled
for
the
sweetenesse
of
the
praye
,
or
els
of
the
same
laden
and
letted
,
hath
easely
bene
of
power
to
put
them
to
flighte
,
&
to
breake
and
to
oppresse
them
,
they
being
not
able
commodiouslye
to
vse
their
weapons
,
nor
to
geue
succour
the
one
to
the
other
.
For
whiche
thing
,
those
that
without
commission
of
the
Captaine
,
do
geue
them selues
to
spoyle
dispersed
,
lette
them
be
punished
with
most
greuous
punishment
,
and
shamed
with
notable
reproche
of
infamye
.
But
when
thou
determinest
to
send
of
thy
men
to
get
booties
,
thou
must
togethers
with
those
that
shal
go
disarmed
,
sende
also
horsemen
and
footmen
expert
and
valiant
,
whom
maye
not
a
whit
be
occupied
in
the
praye
,
but
standing
continually
in
araye
,
be
alwayes
ready
to
succor
the
spoylers
,
after
such
sort
,
that
safely
out
of
daunger
they
may
returne
.
And
if
perauenture
somtime
thy
enemies
spies
happen
to
be
taken
,
thou
must
not
vse
towardes
them
all
,
one
maner
of
sentence
.
If
thou
knowe
certainly
,
that
thy
men
,
and
all
thy
preparation
,
be
lesse
then
the
same
of
thy
enemy
,
then
commaund
that
straight
way
they
may
be
killed
.
But
if
thy
armye
of
men
be
of
a
great
multitude
,
&
of
weapons
better
furnished
,
and
soldiers
more
valtaunt
,
and
more
obedient
,
and
hauing
leaders
more
expert
,
and
more
famous
,
then
all
thy
Hoste
being
set
in
good
order
,
and
as
it
were
to
muster
,
commaunde
that
the
spyes
be
led
throughe
out
all
,
and
that
they
haue
libertie
to
beholde
euerye
thing
diligently
,
and
in
th
ende
,
let
them
departe
without
anye
maner
of
punishment
:
for
that
they
,
reporting
the
excellency
of
thy
thinges
,
the
puisaunce
and
greate
number
of
people
,
easelye
will
put
in
feare
the
enemies
:
like
as
the
scarsitie
of
thinges
,
and
dearth
,
is
wont
to
bolden
&
to
geue
them
hope
.
Of
watch
and
warde
by
night
.
IN
the
tyme
of
nyght
,
there
ought
to
be
ordeined
many
watchemen
:
of
the
whiche
,
some
must
watch
,
and
some
other
be
apointed
in
the
places
for
the
wardes
,
&
the
houres
of
the
night
deuided
,
the
one
after
the
other
,
may
slepe
&
repose
them selues
:
for
as
muche
as
the
souldiers
should
not
be
constrained
to
make
their
warde
watchinge
,
more
then
that
whiche
nature
is
able
to
sustain
,
although
they
promise
to
stande
in
watche
al
the
night
.
Where
surely
the
sweetnes
of
slepe
,
may
cause
a
man
to
forget
him self
against
his
will
,
and
not
to
haue
any
care
for
his
owne
person
,
nature
it selfe
,
consentinge
therunto
.
Therefore
,
let
euery
man
stande
on
his
feete
to
watche
:
for
as
muche
as
,
sitting
stretched
out
,
doth
take
a
waye
a
little
and
a
litle
,
the
strengthe
,
and
maketh
weake
and
languisheth
the
body
,
wherby
the
slepe
lightly
ouercomes
.
On
the
contrarye
,
the
standinge
vpright
and
on
the
fete
,
kepeth
the
minde
otherwise
wakeful
.
Those
,
whiche
shal
be
appointed
to
make
the
ward
,
let
them
go
before
the
Campe
,
or
els
somewhat
farther
of
,
and
make
fyres
after
suche
sorte
,
that
they
maye
see
those
farre
of
,
whiche
peraduenture
shal
go
in
those
partes
,
where
the
fier
shyneth
,
and
of
whome
they
can
not
be
sene
,
being
set
in
dark
places
,
and
hauinge
the
light
against
them
:
by
whiche
way
the
enemies
vnawares
maye
come
to
the
handes
of
the
watche
.
Of
remouing
the
Armye
secretely
.
YF
at
anye
tyme
thou
haue
determined
to
moue
the
campe
secretly
so
the
the
enemies
shal
not
knowe
it
,
thou
hauing
neede
to
take
some
place
,
or
els
some
of
thine
being
taken
in
goinge
to
defende
the
same
,
or
finallye
to
auoide
the
necessitye
to
come
to
the
deede
of
Armes
,
fyrste
of
all
,
commaunde
that
there
be
kindled
,
most
great
fyres
,
and
after
cause
the
armie
to
remoue
.
For
asmuche
as
the
fyres
beinge
seene
,
the
ennemies
thinkinge
that
thou
reniemaynest
stil
in
the
accustomed
place
,
wil
be
still
and
quiet
.
But
if
the
fyres
goe
oute
in
the
darknes
of
the
night
,
and
thou
make
thee
ready
to
depart
,
the
ennemies
suspecting
that
thou
preparest
to
fly
,
will
vse
diligence
and
spede
,
to
let
thee
the
passage
,
&
layinge
Ambushes
according
to
the
occasion
,
most
sharplye
will
pursue
thee
.
Of
coming
to
communicacion
with
the
Captaine
of
th
enemies
.
IF
it
happen
that
thou
muste
come
to
communycacyon
wyth
the
Captayne
of
the
ennemies
hoste
,
and
wyth
hym
,
(
as
oftentimes
happeneth
)
to
intreate
of
some
matter
,
thou
shalt
take
with
thee
the
valiantest
&
most
noble
men
of
thine
Armye
,
the
whiche
be
in
the
flower
of
their
age
,
tall
and
lusty
,
and
of
goodly
personage
,
&
be
also
of
faire
and
bright
armour
furnished
.
Because
many
times
it
chaunceth
,
that
the
ennemy
by
seinge
of
suche
men
as
commeth
with
the
Captaine
,
hath
iudged
the
remnaunt
accordingly
.
And
euery
manne
shal
be
sooner
moued
and
drawen
of
those
things
that
he
hath
sene
,
then
of
those
whiche
by
report
he
hath
vnderstode
.
Of
Fugetiues
.
YF
peraduenture
,
any
fugetiues
,
from
the
Campe
of
th
enemies
,
being
scaped
shal
come
into
thine
,
for
to
geue
thee
aduyse
of
their
power
,
or
els
of
some
counsell
,
or
if
they
shall
offer
to
guide
thee
,
to
th
end
that
thou
mayst
assault
thy
enemyes
at
vnawares
,
cause
that
they
be
kept
in
custodye
,
so
that
they
may
vnderstande
to
haue
no
libertye
to
goe
where
they
liste
:
but
rather
let
it
be
to
them
manifest
,
that
if
thou
trustyng
vpon
them
,
with
thy
army
shall
safely
obtain
the
victory
:
they
shal
haue
for
their
rewardes
most
great
plentye
of
gyftes
,
and
most
gentely
being
intreated
,
shall
go
free
where
they
wil.
But
if
it
shall
be
perceaued
that
deliberately
they
be
come
to
betraye
thy
Army
with
deceipt
,
make
them
know
that
in
the
self
same
peril
of
the
thing
,
without
any
doubt
they
shall
haue
to
end
their
lifes
.
And
it
is
not
to
geue
credit
otherwise
to
fugetiues
,
but
when
they
know
that
they
be
not
masters
of
themselues
,
but
thou
the
whiche
in
their
counsels
assured
doest
see
thy selfe
,
mayst
do
therafter
.
Of
considering
the
campe
of
the
enemies
.
THe
wyse
Capytaine
ought
with
al
dilygence
,
to
vew
the
Campe
of
the
enemies
:
nor
with
lesse
forseinge
he
hath
to
consider
the
situation
of
the
same
.
For
asmuch
as
,
if
somtime
it
be
pitched
in
the
plaine
,
in
a
rounde
facion
,
we
oughte
not
for
all
that
to
thinke
,
that
therein
be
but
fewe
,
because
they
are
shut
vp
in
a
litle
circuit
of
grounde
,
for
that
the
circular
fygure
,
is
wonte
to
seme
lesse
in
beholding
it
,
then
with
the
minde
maye
be
comprehended
by
proportioning
the
measure
of
a
massiue
thing
.
Likewise
the
largenes
,
the
whych
is
drawen
in
compasse
,
is
in
effect
of
more
capacity
,
then
anye
man
beholding
it
,
is
able
to
iudge
.
To
the
contrary
,
if
the
sides
of
the
distaunce
do
extend
in
length
,
and
in
some
place
eyther
crooked
,
or
els
in
manye
angles
tourned
,
doeth
inclose
vp
,
you
haue
not
for
that
cause
to
suppose
,
that
therein
be
great
multitude
of
men
,
seinge
that
suche
facion
of
incampinge
,
sheweth
a
certaine
resemblaunce
of
greatnesse
,
and
notwithstandinge
,
doeth
not
containe
in
it
so
manie
menne
as
might
be
within
a
space
made
circularwise
.
But
the
campes
lying
vppon
mountaines
and
hils
,
if
in
al
places
,
they
be
not
closed
&
ioyned
together
,
they
may
seme
bigger
,
then
yf
they
were
in
the
playne
,
and
yet
contayne
lesse
number
of
men
,
then
that
whiche
some
man
onlye
beholdinge
may
throughly
iudge
.
For
as
muche
as
they
do
leue
manye
places
void
&
forsaken
:
as
those
places
be
,
that
haue
some
partes
ful
of
diches
and
caues
,
or
els
roughe
and
stonye
,
wherby
they
be
desart
,
and
of
no
man
may
be
in
any
maner
of
wise
inhabyted
.
But
of
necessitye
it
hapneth
that
the
Campes
are
alwaies
made
after
such
maner
,
and
the
distaunce
in
lyke
length
are
extended
,
accordinge
to
the
number
of
people
.
Wherfore
when
thou
seest
the
Campe
of
the
ennemies
,
shut
vp
in
a
litle
circuite
,
hauing
consideration
of
the
place
,
and
of
the
facion
,
do
not
esteme
it
a
litle
,
but
being
destended
in
lengthe
,
let
it
not
make
thee
afraid
:
for
as
much
as
this
aforesayde
knowen
,
truste
thou
in
the
aduertismentes
of
war
,
and
when
occasyon
serues
,
attempt
to
execute
some
high
and
honorable
enterprise
.
Of
incamping
.
WHan
thou
muste
incampe
thee
,
it
is
requisite
that
thou
bring
together
thy
men
,
and
in
a
litle
space
of
ground
to
drawe
theym
together
.
If
the
enemies
do
prouoke
thee
,
take
hede
not
to
conduct
them
foorth
,
but
rather
most
closely
retayne
within
the
trenche
thy
Souldiers
close
together
,
after
suche
sorte
,
that
it
seme
,
that
which
thou
doest
,
to
be
constrained
of
feare
.
For
as
much
as
,
many
times
the
enemy
,
whiche
lacketh
experience
of
thinges
,
considereth
not
the
facte
,
with
that
prudence
,
as
is
conuenient
in
the
affaires
of
warre
:
but
hauinge
one
onelye
time
,
dued
the
Campe
,
and
finally
esteaminge
the
aduersaries
to
be
but
fewe
,
and
they
for
beinge
afraide
to
refuse
altogether
to
faight
,
he
beginneth
to
make
of
theym
litle
counte
,
and
to
stand
negligently
,
and
in
the
end
being
come
oute
of
his
lodgings
,
and
out
of
his
fortification
,
goeth
euery
where
without
any
hede
taking
,
as
thoughe
that
no
man
were
able
to
incountre
him
.
Then
he
hauing
occasion
to
assault
the
enemy
in
his
lodgings
,
boldly
goeth
to
besege
him
,
not
cosidering
what
great
number
of
men
may
issue
out
.
For
the
which
confidence
waxing
proude
,
as
though
no
thing
contrary
might
happen
him
,
he
becometh
altogether
slothfull
and
retchelesse
,
hauing
not
anye
maner
of
care
of
chaunces
to
come
.
The
which
occasion
if
thou
determin
prudently
to
rake
,
thy
men
being
put
in
order
,
and
they
in
a
sodaine
takyng
vppe
a
most
great
crie
,
thou
shalt
send
them
furthe
,
by
the
backeside
of
thy
Campe
,
and
by
other
diuers
goyng
foorthes
,
and
in
sundrie
maners
,
running
on
the
backe
of
the
enemy
,
thou
mayest
assaulte
and
faighte
with
him
most
valiantlye
.
And
in
dede
,
if
wyth
lyke
policy
and
forcastinge
,
thou
shalt
know
howe
to
guide
thy
men
,
lightly
thou
maist
perceiue
if
the
enemy
be
like
for
to
vse
against
thee
,
suche
deceites
.
And
not
only
thou
oughtest
to
knowe
that
which
thou
hast
to
do
against
the
enemy
,
but
also
that
there
come
not
vpon
thee
some
contrary
accident
.
For
as
much
as
,
with
those
wayes
that
thou
maist
beguile
th
enemy
,
with
the
very
same
,
thou
must
beware
,
not
to
be
deceiued
.
For
the
way
of
vnderstanding
howe
to
beguile
other
men
,
may
be
vnto
thee
,
a
guide
to
be
able
easely
for
to
inuestygate
,
yf
they
in
thy
preiudis
,
do
worke
any
thing
.
How
Councels
are
not
to
be
disclosed
.
IF
sometyme
eyther
daye
or
night
,
thou
determine
to
remoue
thy
Armie
,
or
take
some
Citye
,
fortresse
,
or
Castell
,
or
els
to
get
some
passage
,
or
for
to
do
secretlye
some
other
enterprise
with
celeritie
,
that
the
enemies
knowe
not
therof
,
doe
not
disclose
to
anye
thy
secrete
,
nor
reuele
not
where
thou
intendest
to
conduct
thy
men
,
neyther
that
whiche
thou
hast
to
doe
,
inespecially
,
if
it
were
not
peraduenture
,
a
profitable
thinge
,
the
communicating
it
with
some
of
the
principals
.
But
whan
thou
arte
ariued
,
where
thou
knowest
that
it
is
nedefull
quicklye
to
come
to
the
dedes
,
commaunde
that
,
whiche
euery
man
hath
to
doe
accordinge
to
the
occasion
,
and
geue
order
and
withoute
anye
delaye
of
time
,
openlye
admonyshe
the
conducters
,
and
souldiers
,
and
shew
them
to
what
ende
the
thinge
goeth
:
and
afterward
with
all
spede
,
goe
forwarde
with
the
enterprise
.
For
surelye
it
is
a
token
of
a
foolyshe
man
,
and
vndiscrete
,
rashly
to
euery
one
to
manifest
his
councell
,
and
to
no
purpose
to
disclose
the
secretes
vnto
the
multitude
.
For
as
muche
as
,
the
euil
disposed
persons
,
and
those
that
haue
a
naughty
minde
towardes
the
common
weale
,
attende
lyke
occasions
,
whiche
when
they
maye
take
,
they
fly
sodenlie
to
the
enemies
,
for
to
geue
suche
aduise
,
wherby
they
beleue
to
attaine
rewardes
and
honors
.
Nor
there
hath
neuer
bene
anie
Army
,
but
that
out
of
the
same
,
for
many
causes
as
well
free
men
as
seruauntes
,
hath
passed
to
the
campe
of
the
ennemies
,
specially
when
they
vnderstande
that
some
secret
,
or
matter
of
importaunce
is
intreated
of
,
or
els
doe
knowe
that
the
time
aprocheth
,
to
come
to
handes
to
do
the
feates
of
armes
.
How
that
before
the
armie
is
conducted
forth
,
Sacrifice
ought
to
be
done
.
VErely
thou
oughtest
not
to
conduct
forthe
men
,
nor
put
them
in
aray
to
faight
,
if
firste
accordinge
as
custome
requires
,
thou
haue
not
made
the
sacrifices
:
and
therefore
it
is
needefull
,
to
haue
the
Aruspici
,
&
the
deuiners
,
the
which
shoulde
folowe
the
Army
.
But
it
shoulde
be
verye
well
done
,
and
a
thing
to
be
muche
desired
,
if
thou
thy self
couldest
know
the
reason
to
consider
the
interiors
,
&
to
do
the
sacrifice
,
with
those
ceremonies
,
that
is
requisite
,
so
that
thou
thy selfe
maye
well
&
conueniently
forsee
thy
thinges
,
inespecially
,
being
able
with
facilety
to
haue
knowledge
thereof
.
But
hauing
done
sacrifice
,
if
thou
haue
learned
thy
desire
,
and
shalte
knowe
that
the
holye
thinges
be
fauourable
to
thee
,
with
couragious
mind
,
thou
shouldest
goe
to
th
enterprise
.
For
as
muche
as
,
the
conducters
will
geue
knowledge
vnto
the
other
,
of
all
that
whiche
the
holy
things
declare
,
and
wil
put
them
in
good
hope
,
and
wyll
geue
theym
good
courage
,
when
they
shall
vnderstande
,
that
beinge
guided
by
the
will
of
the
Gods
immortall
,
goe
to
faight
.
For
the
whiche
opinyon
,
the
Souldiers
altogether
takinge
hart
,
cherefullye
vnto
euery
perill
,
wyll
put
theym selues
,
as
they
which
haue
hope
to
obtaine
the
vyctorie
,
and
al
the
signes
,
&
euery
voyce
,
and
euery
thing
diligent
lye
wyl
obserue
.
Whereby
happeneth
that
this
worthye
C●remonie
of
publike
sacrifices
,
with
peticions
&
vowes
maye
maruelously
comfort
,
and
cause
better
hope
to
increase
in
the
mindes
of
them
,
which
priuately
moued
with
feare
of
religion
,
be
made
sorowful
for
things
aduerse
and
abhominable
.
But
if
peraduenture
after
offeryng
of
the
oste
thy
vowes
happen
not
to
be
fulfylled
,
and
the
Sacrifices
not
to
goe
prosperouslye
:
thou
oughtest
to
remaine
in
the
selfe
same
place
,
and
not
to
moue
thee
,
althoughe
that
other
occasion
seme
to
constrain
thee
neuer
so
much
.
For
what
thing
maye
happen
thee
woorse
,
then
those
that
fortune
,
and
the
sacrifices
do
shewe
thee
?
so
that
if
that
whiche
is
to
come
,
might
luckely
succede
,
thou
shouldest
by
sacrificing
,
haue
had
it
graunted
thee
.
For
the
whiche
thing
,
causinge
more
ostes
to
be
kylled
,
in
the
selfe
same
daye
,
thou
muste
sacrifyce
them
,
and
renewe
the
sacrifices
done
:
for
euery
litle
moment
of
tyme
,
is
of
great
importaunce
,
and
easelye
may
both
hurte
and
helpe
,
eyther
taking
,
or
altogether
leauing
the
commodious
occasion
of
thinges
.
Surelye
to
me
it
seemes
,
that
the
Arte
of
the
Aruspici
,
by
meane
of
the
beastes
,
and
their
interiours
,
by
a
certayne
manner
shewed
,
and
reason
to
consider
,
geueth
knowledge
,
and
declareth
the
mouings
of
the
celestiall
stars
,
&
their
rising
vp
,
&
their
going
downe
and
finally
the
inclinations
of
the
figures
of
the
triangles
of
quadratures
and
of
the
measures
.
For
as
much
as
,
some
of
their
litle
minutes
,
difference
,
vertue
,
and
way
to
deuine
,
in
the
very
same
daye
,
yea
in
the
selfe
same
howre
haue
caused
oftentimes
,
that
some
haue
obtained
kingdoms
,
or
els
being
vanquished
and
taken
,
haue
bene
put
in
prison
.
Seing
then
,
that
at
a
time
it
happeneth
that
to
some
,
doing
sacryfice
,
is
shewed
that
concerning
taking
in
hande
the
faight
,
the
thing
shall
procede
well
,
and
yet
after
the
faight
hath
folowed
the
conflicte
and
ouerthrow
:
therfore
I
haue
thought
it
necessarye
to
speake
somewhat
of
thys
matter
.
How
it
is
nedeful
to
haue
knowledge
of
places
.
BEyng
(
as
it
apeareth
manifestly
)
both
many
&
sundry
countries
of
the
world
&
the
situasion
of
places
,
and
the
facion
of
prouinces
of
the
land
,
of
diuers
maners
,
it
hapneth
thereby
,
that
for
the
most
part
,
a
man
may
stande
in
doubt
,
and
knowe
not
howe
to
determine
in
what
places
the
fieldes
is
beste
to
be
pitched
,
and
howe
to
sette
the
battail
to
faight
.
There
be
some
surely
that
haue
knowledge
of
their
owne
countrie
,
but
of
others
,
they
be
ignoraunt
and
nothing
skilful
.
Wherby
it
chaunceth
,
that
the
enemies
being
distaunt
,
the
space
of
a
dayes
iourney
,
and
craftely
faining
to
be
afraide
,
and
not
to
haue
stomacke
to
abyde
the
coming
of
the
aduersaries
,
and
making
as
though
they
would
fly
,
causeth
the
capitayn
litle
expert
of
things
,
to
pursew
him
no
otherwise
but
as
if
he
fled
in
good
earnest
,
&
more
boldly
to
molest
&
folow
him
in
chase
.
But
when
he
hauinge
bene
drawen
through
the
furie
of
pursuinge
,
and
by
vaine
hope
to
oppresse
the
enemy
,
doth
see
him selfe
to
be
brought
to
difficulte
passages
,
and
into
places
inclosed
with
mountaines
,
surely
in
the
ende
,
he
perceaneth
too
late
,
to
be
compassed
aboute
with
enemies
on
euery
side
,
and
as
it
were
shut
vp
in
a
Cage
,
the
highest
places
,
the
straightes
,
and
the
wayes
,
whereby
myght
haue
been
some
passage
to
flye
being
now
possessed
of
the
enemy
.
Then
beholding
all
aboute
howe
he
hath
been
mocked
,
and
seing
all
his
armie
dispersed
to
be
by
the
aduersary
assaulted
,
doth
know
hym self
to
be
brought
headling
into
extreame
confusion
,
being
by
the
propertie
of
the
place
depriued
for
being
able
to
faight
or
to
withstande
.
And
for
to
auoyde
the
shame
of
yeldinge
,
estemeth
to
bee
better
,
and
a
more
worthy
thyng
to
dye
of
famine
:
or
els
being
constrayned
to
submit
him selfe
,
geueth
libertie
vnto
the
enemies
,
to
doe
by
hym
whatsoeuer
shal
be
their
pleasure
.
For
whiche
thing
,
the
retiring
that
the
enemy
maketh
whiche
hath
resemblace
of
flying
,
is
alwayes
to
be
had
in
suspicion
.
Nor
it
ought
not
boldely
to
be
folowed
,
but
rather
regarde
should
be
first
had
to
the
places
,
and
theire
nature
diligently
considered
.
Therfore
in
conducting
foorth
the
men
of
Armes
,
it
is
specially
to
be
considered
,
that
by
the
selfe
same
waye
,
that
thou
enterest
,
the
passage
maye
be
open
for
thee
to
returne
,
or
els
to
leaue
of
to
enter
,
if
thy
returne
may
be
letted
,
or
being
entred
to
vse
meanes
to
bee
able
to
come
foorth
.
Whiche
maye
be
done
in
this
maner
:
if
the
most
iminent
and
broken
places
and
wayes
in
the
toppes
of
the
mountaynes
,
be
kepte
with
thy
soldiers
,
wherby
the
passage
whylest
the
returne
shal
be
neadefull
,
maye
be
open
to
thee
.
These
thinges
be
sayde
,
not
onely
to
th
intent
that
thou
of
councell
may
ercell
the
ennemy
:
but
also
,
that
with
all
diligence
thou
mayest
seeke
and
forsee
,
not
to
be
at
vnawares
of
him
oppressed
.
For
as
muche
as
a
fayre
thing
it
is
,
to
knowe
with
pollicie
how
to
oppresse
the
enemy
,
but
it
is
good
and
necessary
to
beware
of
being
deceiued
by
him
.
¶
Howe
no
litle
accoumpte
is
to
be
made
of
him
that
hath
brought
aduises
.
WHo
so
euer
that
shall
require
to
come
to
speake
with
thee
,
to
geue
aduise
of
some
thyng
,
whether
he
bee
free
or
bonde
,
commynge
by
day
or
night
,
let
him
be
gently
receiued
and
not
only
be
brought
into
thy
pauilion
:
but
also
if
peraduenture
in
the
voyage
he
shall
come
to
mete
with
the
,
or
in
what
so
euer
maner
whether
it
be
either
in
time
when
thou
takest
rest
,
or
eatest
or
washest
,
let
his
comming
neuer
be
prohibited
.
For
as
muche
as
,
in
like
matters
,
the
delaying
,
&
taking
away
the
commoditye
of
men
for
comming
to
speake
with
thee
,
or
hauing
seruauntes
to
whom
is
lawefull
to
let
them
,
whiche
woulde
come
to
speake
with
thee
,
is
no
other
,
but
to
lease
the
occasion
of
moste
greatest
importaunce
,
and
is
likewise
losse
of
time
,
whiche
is
dearest
aboue
al
other
thinges
:
and
finallye
by
suche
neglygence
to
no
purpose
,
to
put
thy
thinges
in
ruine
.
For
vndoubtedly
,
where
the
Captaynes
bee
admonyshed
and
taught
by
suche
messengers
,
it
bath
bene
sene
,
that
shortly
after
they
haue
ben
able
,
to
come
to
do
thinges
,
which
haue
bene
thought
to
haue
bene
of
most
great
helpe
to
the
whole
state
Of
the
time
when
the
Souldiers
ought
to
eate
their
meate
.
YF
peraduenture
thou
must
needes
lodge
thy
menne
ouer
against
the
campe
of
th
enemies
,
giue
order
,
that
the
souldiers
in
the
breake
of
day
,
do
eat
their
meate
.
For
as
muche
as
,
if
thou
perceiue
that
it
is
in
thy
libertie
,
to
be
able
as
shal
please
thee
,
and
when
thou
list
,
to
put
theym
in
araye
,
and
bringe
them
to
faight
,
then
according
as
shal
be
most
commodious
for
thee
,
thou
mayest
commaund
euery
manne
,
that
they
eate
meate
.
But
if
thou
happen
to
be
brought
to
suche
extremity
,
that
eyther
throughe
the
situacion
of
the
place
,
or
through
the
weakenes
of
the
trenches
and
diches
,
or
els
for
some
other
cause
,
wherby
it
lieth
in
adbetriment
of
the
enemies
to
inforce
thee
to
yssue
forth
of
thy
fortifications
,
&
to
thy
losse
to
bring
out
thy
bands
,
&
to
driue
thee
both
to
take
thee
to
thy
weapons
and
to
faight
.
Surely
it
is
a
thing
not
litle
to
be
regarded
:
but
all
diligence
is
to
be
vsed
,
that
a
signe
,
beinge
geuen
in
the
breake
of
daye
,
thy
souldiours
dee
with
meate
comforte
their
strengthe
,
leste
that
being
peraduenture
assaulted
,
they
be
not
constrained
to
arme
them selues
and
to
faight
fasting
.
For
the
souldiours
vndoubtedly
being
refresshed
with
a
litle
meate
,
&
not
thereby
full
satisfied
and
filde
,
be
come
in
fayghte
,
bothe
more
lustier
,
&
muche
stronger
.
Of
the
whiche
thing
,
making
no
coumpt
,
hath
happened
often
times
,
that
vnfortuna●ly
menne
through
famin
,
and
lacke
of
meate
being
cleane
without
strength
,
haue
ben
ouercome
:
and
speciallye
when
they
come
to
the
battaile
that
is
no
lyghte
skirmishe
,
but
that
continueth
a
whole
daye
.
¶
Of
comforting
the
Armie
.
IF
at
a
time
some
malincoly
bappen
to
grow
as
is
wonte
to
chaunce
through
some
feare
that
appeareth
to
haue
occupied
the
mindes
of
fouldiours
,
or
els
through
some
socours
come
to
the
enemies
,
or
through
some
other
cause
where
by
the
power
of
the
aduersaries
might
be
thought
superiour
to
theirs
,
then
specially
to
a
Captaine
it
is
requiset
,
to
shewe
him selfe
cherefull
,
&
pleasant
.
Considering
that
the
countinance
&
loke
of
the
Captaine
,
is
wont
to
make
the
mindes
of
the
souldiours
conformable
,
for
that
altogether
with
his
semblaunce
,
they
are
moued
.
Because
he
being
cherefull
,
sodainly
the
souldiours
take
a
good
harte
,
iudging
that
nothing
contrary
nor
porilous
,
maye
fortune
.
So
contrariwise
,
if
it
seeme
that
he
be
afraide
or
sad
,
all
by
and
by
lacke
harte
,
no
otherwise
,
then
if
there
appeared
some
great
cuyne
at
hande
.
Wherfore
surely
it
is
better
,
&
doth
more
agree
with
the
wisdom
of
a
Captaine
,
with
the
semblaunce
of
the
face
,
to
fayne
cherefulnesse
vnto
men
,
and
with
his
merines
,
to
make
them
glad
,
then
with
wordes
and
orations
to
comforte
them
,
whylest
they
be
afflicted
with
malincoly
.
For
as
muche
as
vnto
wordes
,
often
tymes
they
doe
not
geue
credite
.
whiche
accordinge
as
the
condicion
of
the
time
requireth
,
maye
moste
studiously
be
fayned
:
but
euery
man
specially
beholdeth
the
countenance
,
and
the
boldnes
that
appeareth
in
the
face
,
&
esteaming
that
there
is
no
faynednes
,
al
feare
set
aside
,
they
assure
them
selues
in
their
minde
.
And
out
of
doubt
in
a
Captaine
,
it
is
to
be
desired
to
haue
the
one
and
the
other
,
that
is
to
know
,
when
nede
is
,
to
vse
to
good
purpose
the
facultye
of
speache
,
and
to
shewe
himselfe
such
a
manne
,
as
the
tyme
,
and
occasion
seemes
to
reguire
.
When
it
is
meete
to
put
the
armie
in
feare
and
terrour
.
LIke
as
it
auayleth
much
with
wordes
and
with
chereful
looke
to
gyue
courage
,
and
to
fill
with
hope
,
the
army
in
which
is
entred
some
fearfulnes
,
euen
so
it
is
not
of
smal
vtility
,
at
a
time
to
put
them
in
feare
,
when
they
be
geuen
to
idelnes
and
slouthfulnes
,
litle
esteaminge
the
Generall
Captaine
,
and
the
other
Captaines
,
rendryng
not
obedience
.
Therfore
then
,
with
remembringe
of
perilles
,
and
making
also
mention
of
the
diligence
of
the
enemies
,
it
is
fit
to
kepe
them
in
feare
,
wherby
thou
shalt
make
thy
souldiers
not
fearefull
,
but
warefull
.
And
like
as
the
sicke
minde
afflicted
with
malincolie
,
is
to
be
releued
and
holpen
,
with
putting
the
same
in
good
hope
,
euen
so
lasiuious
menne
,
throughe
slouth
vnrulye
,
ought
with
terror
to
be
refained
and
chastised
.
By
which
meane
oftentimes
chaunceth
,
that
the
Cowardes
and
Dastardes
,
settyng
aside
feare
,
become
valiant
,
&
contrary
wyse
,
the
bolde
and
couragious
,
is
made
prudent
and
politike
.
And
bothe
the
one
and
the
other
,
of
these
two
thinges
may
happen
,
eyther
that
thy
souldiers
,
after
such
sort
doe
feare
the
enemies
that
they
haue
no
stomack
to
take
in
hand
to
do
any
thing
,
or
els
to
despise
them
so
,
&
passe
so
litle
of
them
that
they
thynke
not
that
they
should
take
anye
heede
.
And
therfore
to
euerye
one
of
these
two
thynges
,
thou
oughtest
circumspectlye
to
frame
thy selfe
,
and
to
haue
regarde
to
the
affaires
,
and
to
the
times
,
so
that
when
nede
shall
require
,
bothe
with
wordes
and
with
looke
,
to
shew
thy selfe
to
haue
feare
,
and
to
forsee
that
whiche
is
to
come
:
or
els
to
seme
bolde
and
hardye
,
when
thou
shalte
know
the
same
to
be
lyke
to
helpe
thee
.
Howe
Souldiers
maye
be
incouraged
with
prisoners
of
the
enemies
.
ALitle
before
that
they
come
to
the
poincte
to
faighte
,
inespeciallye
when
the
vncertaine
end
of
the
day
of
battail
that
is
to
be
made
,
causeth
the
Souldiers
to
be
doubtfull
and
full
of
thoughtes
,
all
diligence
and
policy
is
to
be
vsed
,
eyther
with
suddein
assaultes
,
or
with
ambushes
,
or
elles
with
some
light
skirmishe
,
to
take
some
of
the
ennemies
,
of
theym
chiefelie
,
that
haue
lefte
their
places
,
appointed
to
the
warde
,
which
vse
somwhat
abrode
in
the
fieldes
to
straggle
,
who
,
if
thou
shalt
perceaue
to
be
lusty
&
bold
,
cause
them
to
be
put
to
death
by
and
by
,
or
els
geue
them
bounde
in
custady
to
those
that
haue
the
charge
of
prisoners
,
that
they
be
diligently
kept
,
&
commaund
that
no
man
be
suffered
to
go
to
speake
with
them
.
But
if
thou
know
that
they
be
afraid
,
and
altogether
vyle
,
geue
commaundement
then
that
quickly
they
may
be
brought
vnto
thy
lodging
,
and
looking
on
theim
scornefully
,
and
with
seuere
and
troubled
countenance
,
and
also
with
thretninges
,
after
such
sorte
to
bring
them
more
in
feare
,
and
to
make
theym
humbly
to
besech
thee
with
wepyng
,
and
for
doubt
of
their
liues
to
be
good
vnto
them
,
thou
shalt
cause
them
to
be
brought
in
the
fight
of
thy
Army
,
and
shalt
speak
vnto
thy
Souldiers
,
shewyng
them
howe
simple
,
vyle
,
fearfull
,
and
of
no
worthynes
the
enemies
be
with
whom
they
haue
to
faight
,
as
these
whiche
feare
so
muche
the
stroke
of
death
,
and
so
muche
distrust
them selues
,
that
fallynge
downe
on
their
knees
,
with
so
muche
vylenes
,
and
so
shamefully
do
pray
to
avoide
the
peril
thereof
,
and
to
aske
mercy
of
their
aduersaries
.
Therfore
a
most
likly
thing
it
is
,
that
therby
,
the
Souldiers
will
take
hart
,
and
of
the
vituperus
spectacle
of
such
made
prisoners
,
will
iudge
of
the
vilenes
,
and
delicatenes
of
the
enemies
.
And
surely
,
if
a
manne
who
hath
not
as
yet
sene
,
doeth
notwythstanding
hope
,
how
much
more
ought
he
to
be
moued
by
the
thinge
in
dede
,
and
with
the
recompence
of
hope
,
whereby
lightlye
is
taken
awaye
feare
and
difficultye
.
How
men
ought
to
be
set
in
araye
.
BEing
many
and
sundry
waies
of
ordering
men
in
battel
ray
,
which
chaunseth
through
varietie
of
weapons
,
and
after
the
maner
as
the
Souldiours
are
taught
and
accustomed
,
and
according
to
the
situation
of
the
place
,
and
the
qualitye
of
the
enemies
:
it
is
nedefull
that
the
Captaine
haue
such
knoweledge
,
that
he
maye
vse
euerye
one
of
them
,
when
occasion
shall
require
.
But
I
will
brieflye
declare
those
thinges
,
that
maye
be
conuenient
to
the
diuers
sortes
of
weapons
,
at
the
pitchynge
of
the
fielde
,
besides
those
thynges
that
maye
be
founde
in
the
same
necessitye
of
time
.
Ordaine
then
thy
horsemen
,
not
according
to
thy
desire
,
but
as
the
time
and
the
condicion
of
things
shal
constrain
thee
.
Thou
shalt
put
in
aray
thy
horsemen
against
those
of
thy
enemies
:
but
as
muche
as
maye
be
possible
,
set
them
in
facion
as
they
are
wonte
to
ordeine
the
battailes
with
.ii.
hornes
,
so
that
both
on
the
fronte
,
and
on
the
sides
,
by
the
commodity
of
the
largenes
of
the
place
,
they
maye
more
spedely
ride
and
manege
their
horses
,
and
not
to
put
other
behinde
theym
,
that
maye
let
them
.
In
the
mayne
battaile
place
among
the
firste
,
the
Velitie
,
the
whorlers
of
darts
,
and
the
crosbowes
:
finally
the
shooters
in
longe
bowes
,
and
the
slingers
.
For
that
if
such
kind
of
menne
shoulde
be
placed
hyndermost
,
they
should
hurt
more
their
fellowes
,
then
any
of
th
enemies
.
And
yf
they
be
placed
in
the
middest
,
their
maner
of
faighting
shoulde
bee
to
no
pourpose
,
for
that
they
can
not
retire
backewarde
for
the
lengthe
of
theyr
dartes
and
of
their
shotte
,
nor
yet
can
not
with
their
bodies
moue
them
selues
to
whorle
,
beyng
let
of
them
that
go
before
.
And
muche
lesse
the
slingers
can
wild
their
slinges
or
throw
:
being
hindered
of
the
Souldiers
that
stande
aboute
them
,
in
the
which
,
the
swinge
of
the
sling
hurting
men
,
shal
be
of
more
damage
to
their
felowes
then
to
the
aduersaries
.
Likwise
the
shooters
if
they
shall
be
before
the
other
,
they
wil
hit
almost
in
one
marke
,
directly
in
the
bodies
of
the
ennemies
,
but
if
they
stande
in
the
last
ranke
,
or
in
the
midst
,
they
shal
be
constrained
to
shoot
aloft
:
in
the
which
maner
,
the
arowes
flying
compasse
,
their
violence
muste
nedes
consume
in
vaine
:
and
while
they
fall
downe
,
vppon
the
heades
of
the
enemyes
,
the
blowe
hauing
nowe
lost
hys
force
,
can
scarse
do
any
maner
of
harme
.
If
it
happen
that
thou
must
fayght
,
in
places
where
one
partte
is
plaine
and
lowe
,
and
the
other
by
meane
of
lytle
hylles
,
hygher
then
the
playne
,
then
speciallye
place
thy
Souldiers
,
that
are
lyghte
armed
,
on
the
most
rough
and
hyllye
grounde
.
But
yf
thou
be
in
the
playne
,
and
the
enemye
on
the
hilles
,
conduct
the
lyght
armed
Souldiers
,
as
they
whiche
most
easely
canne
throwe
their
dartes
,
and
retire
theim selues
,
and
in
runnyng
apase
&
spedilye
go
vppe
in
the
roughe
and
stepe
places
,
leauing
in
anye
wyse
betwene
the
bandes
some
distaunce
:
so
that
if
peraduenture
the
ennemyes
abyding
to
incounter
thee
,
and
to
come
to
the
faight
,
when
thy
Souldyers
haue
nowe
throwen
their
dartes
,
and
consumed
al
their
other
kynde
of
shot
,
tourninge
backe
those
bandes
wyth
order
,
and
withoute
disturbaunce
,
cause
that
they
may
retire
theym
selues
for
succour
in
the
hindermost
partes
of
the
Army
.
For
vndoubtedlye
,
to
go
aboute
with
the
Armye
,
and
to
turne
it
vpon
a
corner
,
is
a
thing
that
by
no
maner
of
meanes
is
sure
.
For
as
muche
as
the
enemies
,
may
go
before
them
,
and
before
they
be
ioyned
wyth
the
other
part
of
the
armye
,
by
force
maye
breake
them
.
Contrariwise
,
the
passing
straightlye
betwene
the
bandes
closed
together
,
being
thicke
,
and
as
it
were
to
fall
vpon
the
weapons
,
may
cause
confusion
,
and
put
in
disorder
the
rankes
.
But
if
the
Velity
assaulte
the
ennemyes
by
a
wyng
,
they
maye
then
doe
exceading
great
harme
,
as
those
that
maye
ouertwhart
whorle
,
and
throw
their
dartes
,
and
consequentlye
hurt
the
naked
partes
of
the
enemies
.
Finally
,
the
sunges
be
more
pernisius
,
then
al
the
weapons
that
the
Velity
are
wont
to
occupye
.
For
that
the
colour
of
lead
is
like
the
colour
of
the
aire
,
whereby
whilest
suche
bullettes
of
leade
flie
in
the
ayre
,
it
is
not
sene
before
it
woundeth
the
enemy
at
a
sudden
:
&
through
the
force
of
the
whirle
,
and
swinge
,
&
violent
mouinge
thereof
,
as
it
were
burninge
,
and
fired
,
doth
wound
greuouslye
,
and
penitrateth
inwardlye
,
nor
it
cannot
be
deserued
:
for
the
lips
of
the
wounde
sodeinly
closeth
,
as
one
which
making
a
signe
with
his
eyes
,
shutteth
them
not
fully
.
But
if
thou
lacke
suche
sort
of
weapon
,
and
the
aides
of
Velitie
,
and
that
the
enemy
be
aboundantlye
furnished
of
them
,
commaund
that
the
foremost
of
thy
battaile
,
goe
forwarde
thicke
and
close
together
,
bearing
great
shieldes
,
with
whiche
,
they
maye
couer
all
their
bodyes
,
and
the
other
that
folow
after
them
in
araye
,
euen
to
the
laste
,
holding
vp
their
targettes
,
ouer
their
heades
,
muste
passe
so
muche
forward
after
this
sort
,
tyll
they
come
within
the
whorle
of
the
dartes
.
For
as
much
as
,
beinge
couered
after
thys
maner
,
they
can
not
be
hurte
in
anye
part
by
the
shotte
.
But
if
the
one
and
the
other
army
haue
plenty
of
Velitie
:
then
cause
thyne
to
be
the
firste
,
to
hurt
the
enemy
,
before
they
come
nere
to
the
handes
,
or
els
after
the
battaile
is
begon
,
geuinge
the
assaulte
ouertwhart
to
do
then
what
they
can
to
hurte
the
enemyes
,
the
which
shal
be
inforced
to
prese
together
,
and
to
bring
them
selues
into
a
litle
space
,
and
molested
of
the
weapons
whorlde
from
farre
of
,
shal
be
constrayned
to
disorder
theym selues
.
If
thou
wylt
auoyde
that
the
enemyes
compasse
thee
not
aboute
,
make
not
thy
rankes
longe
,
after
suche
sorte
,
that
altogether
they
become
weake
,
that
the
ennemye
maye
casely
breake
theym
,
and
thereby
attayne
the
passage
,
and
that
he
nede
not
foorther
to
seeke
longer
waye
to
gette
to
compasse
thee
,
for
as
muche
as
,
waye
beyng
geuen
,
and
the
order
of
thyne
broken
,
he
maye
geue
the
charge
vppon
thy
mennes
backes
,
the
which
not
only
thou
hast
to
take
heed
of
,
that
it
chaunce
thee
not
,
but
thou
oughtest
to
vse
meanes
to
do
the
lyke
agaynst
the
enemy
.
If
sometyme
thou
seest
the
order
of
thy
men
to
be
weake
,
do
not
retire
nor
drawe
them
together
,
after
such
sort
,
that
the
enemy
maye
compasse
them
,
and
shutte
theym
vppe
rounde
about
,
onely
it
is
nedefull
for
thee
,
to
maintayne
strong
the
hyndermoste
partes
,
no
lesse
,
then
those
,
that
fyrste
he
placed
in
the
heade
,
or
in
the
sydes
.
For
as
muche
as
the
last
and
the
rescuyng
Souldiers
,
may
stoppe
the
enemyes
suche
waye
,
lyke
as
also
maye
they
,
whyche
stande
in
the
winges
,
and
in
the
hornes
,
so
that
thou
be
attentiue
to
forsee
for
thynges
to
come
,
and
inlargyng
the
hindermoste
parte
of
the
battayle
,
and
destending
bothe
the
flankes
,
sette
thy
Souldyers
turned
agaynst
the
battaile
of
the
ennemyes
,
and
commaunde
those
that
nowe
of
the
ennemyes
bee
compassed
aboute
,
that
they
tourne
theyr
backes
,
to
the
backes
of
them
whyche
go
before
them
,
and
so
to
faight
on
euery
syde
.
It
appertayneth
to
a
circumspecte
and
prudent
Captayne
,
when
he
shall
know
to
haue
to
fayght
wyth
a
fewe
menne
agaynste
a
greate
multytude
,
to
vse
eyther
dylygence
to
chuse
suche
fytte
places
,
whyche
bee
eyther
neare
Rockes
of
Ryuers
,
or
elles
vnder
Mountaynes
,
and
vppon
all
other
thinges
,
where
thou
mayste
put
in
aray
thy
battailes
,
and
by
the
qualitie
of
the
place
,
be
able
to
let
the
ennemies
,
that
they
neither
compasse
thee
about
,
nor
inclose
thee
.
For
as
muche
as
a
fewe
,
the
whiche
haue
to
occupy
the
highe
and
craggy
places
,
maye
easelye
withstande
the
power
of
the
enemies
,
that
shoulde
with
multitude
attempt
to
compasse
thee
.
In
the
whiche
thing
,
it
is
not
only
nedefull
the
councel
and
prudence
of
the
Captaine
,
but
it
requireth
a
greate
deale
more
good
fortune
.
Because
that
often
times
peraduenture
chaunceth
,
that
an
Army
happeneth
vpon
suche
fitte
places
,
and
notwithstanding
the
captaine
is
ignoraunt
how
to
chuse
what
situacion
of
grounde
is
best
for
him
.
But
of
those
that
are
present
to
chuse
the
best
,
and
to
foresee
whiche
to
him
is
lykest
to
be
most
profitable
,
is
surely
a
signe
of
a
wise
Captaine
.
Some
of
a
custome
when
they
go
to
faighte
,
trusting
to
the
great
number
of
men
:
haue
set
them
in
araye
after
the
maner
of
a
half
circull
,
supposyng
to
be
able
to
intise
the
enemies
after
such
sort
,
as
though
they
should
come
to
fayght
man
for
manne
,
in
the
whiche
maner
mouing
them selues
,
they
thinke
by
a
litle
and
a
litle
bending
the
corners
of
the
halfe
circle
of
their
battel
,
ioyning
them
together
in
a
circle
,
to
inclose
in
the
same
their
aduersaries
.
Against
whome
,
it
is
not
mete
to
goe
with
like
facion
of
battaile
:
but
deuiding
thy
men
in
thre
partes
,
with
the
two
,
the
charge
may
be
geuen
vppon
the
one
and
the
other
wing
of
the
ennemies
:
the
thirde
thou
shalte
set
against
the
halfe
circle
,
whiche
stande
stil
,
and
go
not
forward
,
and
if
the
ennemies
wil
stand
stil
in
the
facion
of
a
semicircle
:
those
inespecially
that
are
in
the
midst
,
shall
do
no
harme
:
where
in
dede
is
taken
from
them
all
way
to
be
able
to
doe
any
thing
.
But
if
they
begin
to
moue
,
whilest
they
would
from
the
bottome
of
the
halfe
circle
,
reduce
them selues
by
right
line
,
pressing
the
one
the
other
,
they
shall
breake
theyr
aray
.
For
as
much
as
,
standing
still
,
the
order
of
them
,
that
be
placed
by
the
flankes
bowed
like
a
horne
,
and
they
faighting
,
the
halfe
circle
by
no
manner
of
waye
maye
be
reduced
in
righte
order
.
The
araye
then
broken
,
and
mouing
theym selues
,
from
the
halfe
Circle
confusedlye
,
thou
oughtest
with
that
thyrde
part
,
to
assaulte
them
so
disordered
.
But
if
the
enemies
stand
still
in
the
semicircle
,
set
against
them
,
lyght
armed
Souldiours
,
and
also
whorlers
of
Dartes
,
whiche
may
opresse
them
with
multitude
of
darts
,
and
with
other
weapons
that
may
be
shotte
or
whorled
from
farre
of
.
All
be
it
,
if
with
all
these
force
of
bothe
thy
bandes
thou
assaulte
the
enemies
on
the
syde
,
and
so
go
againste
this
order
of
halfe
circle
,
thou
doest
not
erre
ther
in
one
whitt
.
For
as
much
as
they
being
not
able
to
come
to
fayght
against
thee
with
all
their
men
,
wyll
deuyde
them selues
,
and
only
they
that
were
sette
on
the
sydes
,
shal
be
constrayned
to
be
the
first
to
come
to
the
faighte
,
for
consideration
of
the
assault
,
which
thy
men
haue
gyuen
them
on
the
sides
.
But
peraduenture
it
wyll
not
bee
a
thynge
of
litle
vtilitie
,
that
some
time
putting
first
men
in
araye
,
no
other
wyse
then
if
thou
wouldest
fayghte
,
and
after
as
it
were
for
feare
retiring
backe
and
keping
the
raye
,
thou
fayne
a
retire
like
to
a
running
awaye
,
and
then
turning
thee
to
come
to
affronte
those
which
folowe
thee
.
For
as
much
as
some
tyme
,
the
enemies
thinkinge
that
the
armie
of
the
aduersaries
for
feare
be
put
in
flight
,
through
vnmesurable
gladnes
,
breaking
their
order
will
geue
the
onset
,
&
euery
man
will
striue
and
inforce
him selfe
to
get
before
his
felow
.
Against
whome
by
that
meanes
,
thou
mayest
faight
without
peril
,
and
through
the
boldenes
of
thy
staying
,
contrary
to
the
opinion
of
the
enemies
,
thou
maiest
easely
disconfite
them
,
now
being
become
fearefull
,
&
schattered
here
&
there
,
although
they
had
before
so
proudly
persued
thee
.
Besides
all
this
,
there
would
be
in
a
readines
certaine
Souldiours
elected
,
which
standing
in
aray
out
of
the
battell
as
Triarii
,
should
geue
succor
to
that
parte
of
thine
,
whiche
are
werye
and
repulsed
,
and
of
whome
when
nede
requires
,
thou
maiest
easely
haue
helpe
.
Considering
that
it
is
the
greatest
ayde
that
may
be
,
to
ioyne
vnto
wery
men
,
those
whiche
are
lustie
,
seing
that
they
commodiously
may
succour
their
fellowes
nowe
wery
:
and
freshe
and
vigorously
assault
strongly
the
enemies
despearsed
and
becommen
weake
.
And
it
is
not
only
to
good
purpose
,
but
rather
a
thing
of
great
benefite
,
if
some
men
of
thyne
be
apoincted
to
lay
them selues
secretlye
in
ambusshe
in
some
place
so
farre
of
,
as
maye
bes
thought
mete
:
to
whome
commaunde
,
whylest
with
thy
battaill
set
in
array
,
thou
shalt
bee
comen
to
hande
strokes
,
so
soone
as
the
signe
is
geuen
,
that
they
discouering
them selues
,
do
quickly
come
vnto
thee
.
Whiche
then
is
to
be
done
:
when
succor
looked
for
,
semes
not
to
come
at
a
due
tyme
.
For
that
the
aduersaries
,
supposing
those
,
to
be
the
same
men
,
that
thou
lokedst
shuld
haue
comen
in
thy
succour
,
perauenture
whylest
they
as
yet
march
,
before
they
be
ready
to
ioyne
with
the
rest
of
thy
Armie
,
wyl
be
afraide
&
put
them selues
in
flight
,
thinking
them
to
bee
no
suche
nomber
,
as
in
dede
they
be
,
but
a
great
deale
bigger
,
and
specially
if
it
be
done
at
a
sudden
,
when
they
are
about
the
feates
of
Armes
.
For
as
much
as
suche
chaunce
,
is
wonte
to
make
afrayde
the
myndes
of
them
,
whiche
haue
not
experience
of
thinges
,
doubting
leste
there
happen
them
not
some
worse
thing
,
and
therefore
with
feare
they
abide
the
ende
of
the
matter
.
The
assaulting
the
enemies
behind
at
vnawares
,
bringes
them
in
exceadynge
great
terrour
,
and
aboue
all
thinges
is
of
vncredible
profit
.
For
which
thing
,
if
it
were
possible
to
do
,
there
should
be
sent
by
nyght
a
bande
of
Souldiers
,
that
trauersing
the
waye
,
might
passe
beyonde
the
enemies
,
and
behind
them
,
place
them selues
in
ambusshe
:
And
when
bothe
the
armies
were
affroonted
,
and
nowe
comen
to
the
faighte
,
they
quickelye
marching
out
of
the
wayte
,
shoulde
assalte
the
hyndermoste
bande
of
the
enemies
:
whom
compassed
about
on
euery
side
,
although
that
there
were
lefte
them
some
hope
to
saue
them selues
:
they
shall
not
haue
stomacke
to
goe
about
to
flye
,
but
to
yelde
,
as
they
who
are
not
able
to
retire
backe
,
nor
commodiously
goe
forwarde
,
beynge
of
euerye
syde
ouertaken
.
Whylest
the
faighte
continuallye
doth
increase
,
and
that
of
neither
part
they
beare
not
theym selues
valiauntly
,
thou
rydinge
rounde
aboute
,
shalt
comtorte
thy
men
,
and
being
on
the
ryght
wynge
:
shalt
crye
,
that
the
lefte
is
victorious
,
and
that
the
enemies
nowe
are
ouercome
.
If
thou
be
on
the
lefte
wyng
,
declare
that
the
bande
of
the
ryght
wyng
of
thy
men
hath
obtained
the
victory
,
not
passing
whether
it
be
true
or
false
.
For
that
it
is
not
much
amisse
,
nor
of
small
commoditie
to
vse
a
ly
,
when
the
fayghte
is
greatly
moued
.
Moreouer
if
the
Capitain
or
king
of
the
enemies
,
be
somwhat
farre
from
thee
,
or
in
the
other
wyng
,
or
els
in
the
middest
of
the
battaile
,
thou
must
crie
with
a
loude
voice
(
so
that
of
the
enemies
thou
be
also
hearde
)
that
he
is
slaine
.
The
whiche
being
openly
vnderstodde
,
thy
menne
more
cherefully
wil
double
their
worthines
to
faight
,
and
the
enemies
will
lacke
hart
,
and
altogether
for
desperation
will
put
them selues
to
flighte
.
This
pollicie
hath
been
often
times
profitable
,
where
at
one
time
,
is
begiled
the
enemies
&
thine
own
men
,
to
these
shewing
things
of
sauegarde
,
and
to
the
other
hurtefull
and
dolorous
.
Lykewyse
,
it
is
the
office
of
a
wyse
Capitaine
,
in
the
arayes
,
to
place
together
the
brothers
with
brothers
,
&
frendes
with
frendes
.
For
that
whylest
we
see
that
he
is
brought
in
peril
,
to
whome
we
beare
good
will
,
of
loue
inforced
,
fearing
no
manner
of
daunger
,
more
valiauntly
we
put
forward
our selues
to
defende
him
.
And
he
seing
him selfe
so
louinglye
defenved
,
will
be
ashamed
,
and
doubte
,
that
yelding
not
the
like
kyndnes
,
may
seeme
to
be
negligente
wyllingly
,
and
therfore
he
wyll
thinke
it
a
great
reproche
vnto
him
,
to
forsake
his
frende
that
so
redely
hathe
done
for
him
,
&
shamefully
to
geue
hym selfe
to
flye
.
Of
commaundementes
,
wauinges
,
and
Signes
.
THe
commaundements
,
wauinges
,
and
signes
,
ought
likewyse
first
to
be
geuen
to
the
heads
&
leaders
of
men
,
for
as
much
as
to
go
to
finde
euery
man
and
commaund
them
lyke
things
,
shuld
be
a
manifest
token
of
a
Captain
very
simple
&
vnexpert
:
seing
that
whylest
to
euery
one
seperatly
the
cōmendemēts
at
geuen
,
time
consumeth
&
great
rumor
therby
is
made
,
al
asking
him
at
hand
,
and
sekinge
euery
one
to
know
what
the
commaundementes
are
.
There
happeneth
besides
this
,
that
certaine
menne
to
the
commaundementes
,
wil
adde
some
thing
,
or
els
through
ignoraunce
,
diminishe
them
.
Wherfore
it
is
meete
that
the
commaundements
,
be
geuen
first
to
the
heades
and
rulers
,
&
after
they
to
refer
them
to
those
that
are
vnder
them
,
and
those
likewise
to
doe
the
same
from
hand
to
hand
,
to
al
the
other
.
And
in
this
manner
,
the
signes
and
commaundementes
maye
go
from
one
to
another
euen
to
the
last
.
For
that
not
so
soone
as
they
are
geuen
,
but
also
without
noyse
,
and
with
order
euery
one
shall
come
to
knoweledge
therof
.
The
which
likewise
in
geuing
tokens
with
fire
,
is
wonte
to
be
obserued
,
where
the
first
litle
firebrande
is
lifted
vp
,
the
second
hauing
receaued
the
brande
,
geueth
it
to
the
thirde
:
the
thirde
to
the
fourth
,
which
geueth
it
to
the
fifte
,
the
fyfte
to
the
sixt
,
&
so
forth
,
the
one
after
the
other
,
after
such
sort
,
that
in
short
time
from
a
most
great
distaunce
,
the
signe
had
of
the
first
,
shall
come
euen
to
the
last
ordinarilye
and
without
disturbance
.
Likwise
that
signe
which
ought
to
be
geuen
the
third
,
after
the
commaundements
,
should
not
be
geuen
with
any
thing
doone
by
the
voyce
,
but
either
with
iesture
of
bodye
,
or
by
signe
of
the
head
,
or
with
mouing
of
the
hande
,
or
with
striking
together
the
armes
,
or
with
turning
of
the
Spear
,
or
els
with
glittering
of
the
swerde
:
so
that
peraduenture
making
tumulte
not
onelye
the
Souldiours
oughte
to
stande
attentiue
to
take
the
wauing
,
but
also
the
signe
.
For
as
much
as
the
enemies
might
vnderstande
the
meaning
of
the
wauing
,
whiche
they
may
oftentimes
see
to
be
geuen
.
But
the
signe
whiche
besides
may
secretly
bee
geuen
,
after
suche
sorte
that
it
cannot
be
knowen
of
the
enemies
,
semes
also
to
be
very
conuenient
and
c●mmodious
,
for
the
straunge
Souldiours
to
knowe
:
whome
although
they
vse
diuerse
languages
,
notwithstanding
they
being
confederates
and
seruing
together
with
you
:
and
being
not
able
to
speake
as
they
maye
bee
vnderstode
,
nor
vnderstande
other
,
which
in
other
language
speake
,
by
making
signes
,
the
fredes
by
frendes
,
may
by
such
meane
deserne
their
meaning
.
The
which
signes
oughte
to
be
geuen
and
distributed
not
at
such
time
when
they
must
faight
,
and
make
noyse
with
vncertain
voyces
among
the
handes
,
that
are
to
be
set
in
araye
,
but
long
before
when
quietly
they
remayn
at
leysure
.
Of
the
order
that
is
to
be
obserued
.
BEsides
all
this
commaunde
thy
Souldiours
to
go
forward
,
and
turne
backwarde
with
good
order
:
wherby
being
repulsed
,
and
retyring
,
they
maye
be
lesse
hurte
,
as
those
whom
the
enemy
one
by
one
,
can
not
oppresse
,
being
not
here
and
there
scattred
,
and
disorderlye
wandering
:
or
if
they
being
conquerers
,
shall
pursue
the
enemyes
out
of
order
,
and
put
to
flyghte
,
they
shall
ouerthrowe
them
easely
,
&
more
strongly
oppresse
them
,
and
with
more
safegarde
,
if
in
the
chase
vnited
together
,
and
in
araye
they
proceade
.
For
vndoubtedly
many
times
,
when
the
enemy
fliyng
,
seeth
his
aduersaries
,
come
vpon
him
without
anye
order
,
he
bryngyng
agayne
his
menne
in
araye
,
&
turning
backwarde
withstanding
them
with
violence
,
crusly
ouercometh
them
.
Wherfore
men
must
thinke
that
nothing
is
better
,
nothing
more
safer
,
nothing
more
surer
,
then
obseruing
the
order
,
to
stande
still
in
their
place
appointed
:
&
to
the
contrary
nothing
is
more
perillous
,
nor
more
hurtfull
,
then
to
breake
the
order
,
&
to
forsake
the
same
place
.
Of
making
ready
and
setting
foorth
the
armie
to
faight
the
fielde
.
Haue
care
to
bring
thy
Armie
to
the
fielde
with
bright
and
shining
armor
.
which
easly
may
be
done
by
conforting
thy
soldiours
to
make
clean
their
swerds
,
headpeses
,
corcelettes
,
&
euerye
other
peese
of
Armor
,
for
as
muche
as
the
cleanes
and
brightnes
therof
,
maketh
the
Armie
seeme
terrible
,
and
putteth
feare
&
trauaile
in
the
myndes
of
the
enemies
.
Moreouer
cause
thy
handes
to
go
forwarde
with
rumors
,
&
showtinges
,
and
sometime
running
with
violence
,
for
as
muche
as
the
semblance
of
such
thinges
,
the
cryinges
&
noyseof
barnes
,
and
the
soundes
of
trompets
,
wonderfully
troubleth
and
feareth
the
hartes
of
the
aduersaries
.
When
thou
shalt
come
to
the
point
to
ioyne
battell
with
the
enemy
,
cause
thy
souldiers
somewhat
before
,
to
florishe
ofte
their
naked
swerdes
against
the
sunne
.
For
that
the
glistering
swerds
and
their
shining
poinctes
,
through
the
brightnes
,
now
of
the
one
,
&
nowe
of
the
other
,
against
the
resplending
beames
of
the
sunne
,
doth
shew
a
certaine
horrible
terror
of
warre
.
The
which
thing
,
if
as
well
of
the
enemye
shall
likewise
be
doone
,
aunswering
thee
with
the
verye
same
,
thou
haste
cause
to
be
afrayd
:
&
if
he
doe
not
that
,
it
is
to
be
thought
that
thou
in
anye
wyse
must
nedes
thereby
put
him
in
drede
.
Being
set
in
aray
,
&
as
well
of
the
one
as
of
the
other
parte
,
the
men
being
made
redy
to
faight
,
thou
oughtest
not
sodenly
to
moue
thee
,
being
drawen
with
desire
to
be
the
first
to
geue
the
onset
,
but
stay
thee
nere
thy
trench
,
till
that
thou
seest
thy self
the
redines
of
the
enemies
,
that
is
how
manye
,
of
what
condition
,
&
finally
in
what
place
they
be
disposed
to
faight
,
seing
that
after
this
maner
,
thou
mayst
more
commodiously
forsee
to
thy
affaires
,
considering
which
of
thine
thou
hast
to
set
against
those
of
the
enemy
,
&
in
what
maner
thy
men
is
to
be
placed
&
ordeined
,
doing
in
like
sort
as
is
conuenient
for
a
good
Phisition
to
do
,
the
which
considering
first
,
&
knowing
the
infirmity
,
cometh
after
to
giue
the
remedies
.
Ordeine
thy
menne
accordyndyng
as
thou
perceiuest
to
turne
most
vtilitie
to
thy
busines
.
For
as
much
as
the
captaine
oftentimes
hauing
seen
the
preparation
of
th
enemies
,
is
constrayned
to
accomodate
,
&
to
ordein
his
soldiers
according
to
the
Army
,
the
men
,
&
maners
of
them
.
If
the
enemy
be
more
puisaunt
of
horsemen
,
&
that
thou
peraduentur
haue
commoditie
,
chuse
that
straight
and
difficulte
places
,
or
at
the
foote
of
mountaines
,
&
where
the
horses
cannot
easely
go
:
but
if
thou
haue
not
commoditie
so
to
do
,
proceade
so
much
forward
faighting
,
till
thou
finde
places
mete
and
conuenient
for
thy
necessitie
.
But
within
the
trenche
,
leaue
the
warde
,
for
defence
of
the
lodgings
&
of
the
cariages
,
lest
that
the
enemy
vnderstanding
the
place
to
be
forsaken
,
sende
his
souldiers
to
take
thy
campe
,
left
with
out
defence
,
&
to
spoile
al
thy
cariages
.
Some
captaines
destroy
their
owne
lodginges
,
or
elles
passe
Riuers
,
or
deliberately
do
leue
behinde
them
hilles
and
depe
places
,
to
the
ende
that
the
Souldiours
standing
constantly
,
may
ouercom
the
aduersaries
,
&
attaine
the
victorie
,
or
otherwise
altogether
to
perishe
.
For
that
if
they
thinke
to
saue
them selues
by
running
awaye
,
they
shall
see
that
by
al
maner
of
wayes
to
be
taken
from
them
,
the
possibilitie
to
scape
.
These
maner
of
men
surely
I
of
the
one
part
can
not
prayse
much
,
nor
yet
of
the
other
parte
disprayse
:
for
as
muche
as
deliberately
to
purpose
to
do
thinges
with
peryll
,
is
rather
reputed
foolish
hardines
then
prudence
,
and
vnto
fortune
,
there
is
more
to
bee
attributed
then
to
good
iudgement
.
For
as
muche
as
where
thou
arte
constrained
to
do
the
one
of
these
two
thinges
either
with
all
thy
power
faighting
,
to
attain
the
victory
,
or
els
being
ouer
come
,
euery
thing
to
goe
to
ruyn
,
in
what
maner
may
I
the
victory
vnto
prudence
,
or
els
the
ruine
&
vniuersall
conflict
vnto
the
election
and
to
iudge
ment
ascribe
?
Yet
surely
,
I
suppose
that
sometime
to
some
souldiers
,
it
ought
to
be
permitted
that
for
desire
of
honor
&
glory
,
perilusly
they
may
faight
:
when
the
care
is
such
,
that
if
they
bearing
them selues
valiantly
,
shal
get
vnto
the
common
weale
no
smal
vtilitie
,
&
if
they
vnfortunatly
faight
,
that
it
can
not
turne
to
much
hurt
.
But
fortune
being
doubtful
&
vncertain
,
&
doubtful
the
succes
of
the
battel
,
I
praise
not
in
any
maner
of
wyse
,
that
hasarding
with
all
thy
men
,
in
the
handes
of
chaunce
.
And
me
thinkes
they
erre
exceadingly
which
will
faight
after
such
sort
,
that
if
they
shal
haue
ouercome
,
it
seemeth
them
to
haue
litle
hurt
the
enemies
:
but
if
they
shal
be
ouerthrowen
&
vanquished
,
to
be
like
to
be
of
most
great
hurt
to
the
common
weale
:
and
yet
they
leue
not
to
vse
like
policies
of
warre
.
But
if
now
it
be
seen
plainly
,
and
may
be
taken
for
a
moste
certaine
thing
,
that
great
discomfiture
is
like
to
folow
,
if
thou
doe
not
faight
,
although
it
be
with
perrill
,
&
that
if
the
enemy
shal
once
be
ouercom
,
he
is
like
altogether
to
perish
,
then
me
thinkes
,
that
those
captaines
do
not
amisse
,
which
against
their
soul
diers
should
stoppe
the
waye
for
being
able
to
flie
.
For
that
in
a
thing
vncertain
,
it
is
better
with
mālenes
,
not
only
to
auoyde
the
mischief
,
but
rather
to
seke
to
offend
the
enemy
,
then
to
stand
in
idelnes
,
&
to
behaue
thy selfe
vyle
,
when
thou
mayst
be
sure
,
that
daring
to
do
nothing
,
thy
busines
are
like
altogether
to
go
to
naught
.
But
not
only
in
like
places
,
where
flying
hath
no
certainty
of
safegarde
,
but
in
euery
place
,
and
in
condicions
of
faightynge
,
thou
oughtest
to
admonishe
thy
Souldiers
,
and
with
all
reason
to
shewe
theym
,
that
to
those
that
flie
,
doeth
followe
nothing
but
death
manifest
and
certaine
:
because
the
enemies
haue
libertye
to
perceuer
and
pursue
them
,
&
being
not
letted
of
anye
,
maye
easely
offende
their
aduersaries
,
scattered
and
put
in
flight
,
and
that
to
them
who
faighting
,
stand
stil
and
do
defend
,
there
death
is
doubtful
and
the
perill
vncertaine
.
And
if
thou
perswadest
them
,
that
in
the
battaile
which
is
to
be
fought
,
those
that
geue
them selues
to
flye
,
wythout
faile
shal
most
shamefullye
perishe
,
and
he
that
standeth
stedfaste
,
in
the
ende
if
the
worst
fall
,
shall
die
most
gloriouslye
:
and
that
to
them
whiche
forsake
their
place
,
and
not
to
those
whiche
keepe
araye
,
shall
insue
the
hurte
,
thou
shalt
perceiue
to
haue
them
in
the
self
same
perils
,
both
bolde
and
valiant
.
Therefore
desire
to
haue
thy
Souldiers
perswaded
and
disposed
after
this
maner
.
For
as
muche
as
those
that
be
of
thys
minde
,
and
of
suche
affection
,
eyther
they
attaine
the
vyctorye
fullye
,
or
els
suffer
litle
harme
.
Surely
the
Councels
founde
in
the
instaunt
perill
while
they
are
a
faighting
&
the
for
casts
for
to
put
at
a
sudden
against
the
deuise
of
the
enemies
,
haue
without
doubt
to
the
Captaines
and
to
them
that
well
vnderstand
the
feates
of
warre
,
brought
foorth
more
excellent
glory
,
&
greater
maruel
,
then
those
haue
d●n
that
a
man
wold
haue
thought
,
&
by
coniecture
supposed
to
haue
bene
exceading
good
before
that
men
come
to
the
trial
,
whiche
thing
,
to
shew
one
by
one
,
and
to
euery
man
to
geue
seuerall
instructions
,
is
verye
difficult
.
For
like
as
the
masters
of
ships
hauing
prepared
&
disposed
by
order
al
things
that
the
sience
of
nauigation
requires
,
after
departing
out
of
the
hauen
,
do
put
themselues
to
the
mayne
sea
:
but
if
peraduenture
there
happen
to
rise
some
tempest
:
they
doe
not
that
they
desire
,
but
the
same
whiche
they
are
driuen
to
doe
,
and
they
doe
manye
thinges
boldly
,
and
beynge
rounde
aboute
ouercome
with
perylles
,
wyth
stoute
mynde
,
they
resiste
with
theyr
prouisions
,
vsyng
not
so
muche
the
memorye
and
the
science
of
sailying
,
as
the
occasion
,
whiche
vnlooked
for
,
appeareth
before
theym
:
Euen
so
the
Captains
must
doe
:
Put
in
order
his
men
,
and
indeuor
theym
,
and
dispose
them
in
that
manner
,
which
he
thinketh
to
tourne
commodious
and
profitable
to
him
,
and
to
his
affaires
:
but
when
the
tempeste
ouertaketh
him
,
and
the
waightenes
of
the
battayle
,
for
as
much
as
,
many
thinges
by
force
is
wont
to
chaunge
and
breake
,
and
greate
varietie
to
fall
,
then
according
to
the
state
of
thinges
present
,
and
that
is
seene
before
the
eyes
,
he
muste
fynde
at
a
sudden
,
according
to
occasion
,
the
forecast
and
councels
,
more
rather
as
necessitie
of
fortune
,
then
as
the
arte
and
witte
it selfe
,
shall
haue
offred
him
.
Of
the
Captaynes
office
,
whilest
the
battayle
is
a
faightyng
.
VNto
the
captain
it
is
mete
rather
circomspectly
&
with
wisdome
,
then
boldly
to
faight
,
or
to
refrayne
altogether
from
the
faight
:
Because
that
faighting
cannot
so
much
benefite
the
common
weale
,
although
he
shoulde
shew
force
inuincible
,
as
losing
his
lyfe
not
a
litle
should
indamage
the
same
.
Wherefore
,
he
ought
to
be
much
valianter
with
prudence
of
mynde
,
then
with
the
force
and
lustines
of
bodye
.
For
as
muche
as
,
with
the
worthines
and
strength
of
bodye
,
the
Souldiers
may
doe
some
greate
attempt
,
but
the
vsing
of
prudence
and
to
foresee
thynges
,
and
deliberating
in
tymes
conuenient
to
councel
the
common
weal
,
principally
to
the
Captaine
,
and
to
no
other
is
requisite
.
For
that
lyke
as
if
the
Mayster
of
a
shyppe
leauyng
the
sterne
,
&
forsaking
the
gouerning
,
wil
do
those
things
that
appertaine
to
the
other
mariners
,
shall
without
doubt
geue
occasion
to
drown
the
shyp
,
euen
so
the
very
same
errour
the
Captayne
shoulde
commit
,
who
setting
a
parte
his
offyce
of
Councellyng
,
for
prouyding
euery
thing
,
shuld
defend
so
low
to
take
the
charge
which
is
mete
for
soldiers
.
And
surely
the
presumtious
necligence
of
the
greater
&
superiors
in
dignity
,
maketh
to
become
vaine
all
aid
,
wherin
necessarily
is
commytted
the
conseruacyon
of
wayghtye
affaires
.
The
like
I
repute
ought
to
be
though
of
that
Captaine
without
anye
difference
,
the
which
when
he
shal
be
dead
,
the
common
weale
to
bee
in
hasard
to
fall
in
decaye
,
nor
beyng
not
deade
,
no
other
then
he
ought
to
take
thoughte
for
the
safegard
of
the
same
.
And
such
a
one
by
more
reason
is
to
be
blamed
as
a
simple
captaine
,
then
to
be
praysed
as
stoute
.
And
surely
he
that
hath
done
the
duetye
of
a
Captaine
,
wyth
counsel
,
and
with
discretion
,
hauyng
atchiued
felicity
,
by
mean
of
foresight
with
reason
he
may
lawfully
glory
.
But
contrariwyse
,
he
that
is
so
arrogant
&
couetous
,
that
beleueth
not
to
be
able
to
doe
anye
thing
honorable
,
if
he
him selfe
go
not
to
faighte
with
the
ennemye
,
not
onelye
is
not
to
be
thought
valiant
,
but
rather
presumpteous
and
foolyshe
hardie
.
And
that
he
so
dothe
to
get
him selfe
a
name
of
the
multitude
,
not
to
esteme
any
peril
,
for
to
incourage
his
Souldiers
,
both
to
make
them
redy
&
glad
,
to
ieopard
them
selues
in
an
enterprise
.
But
let
him
that
wil
do
wel
,
faight
warely
,
&
not
feare
death
,
&
chuse
sooner
to
remain
depriued
of
his
lyfe
,
then
hauing
any
ouerthrowe
,
to
liue
with
shame
.
But
the
thing
being
safe
,
and
the
army
in
safegard
,
he
ought
to
haue
regard
to
his
lyfe
.
For
surely
where
the
death
of
the
Captayne
chaunceth
,
there
manye
tymes
,
the
reputacion
of
the
happy
successe
is
diminyshed
.
For
as
muche
as
,
they
,
who
haue
vnfortunatly
fought
,
hauing
vnderstoode
that
the
enemyes
are
lefte
depriued
of
their
Captayne
,
taking
hearte
agayne
,
haue
assaulted
them
,
&
these
of
the
other
part
afflycted
with
malincolye
,
haue
lacked
stomacke
,
that
althoughe
they
haue
fortunately
fought
before
,
notwythstanding
for
the
death
of
the
Captain
,
they
haue
then
put
them selues
in
dispaire
.
Vnto
the
captain
it
likewise
appertaineth
whilest
his
men
faight
,
to
go
riding
about
the
battel
,
to
shew
hym selfe
to
the
faighters
,
to
prayse
those
which
valiauntly
haue
behaued
them selues
,
to
threaten
the
fearful
,
to
comfort
those
that
be
doubtful
&
slowe
,
to
geue
succor
to
them
that
are
repulsed
,
to
supply
the
lackes
,
&
if
it
shal
be
nede
ful
,
to
lead
men
from
one
place
to
another
,
to
obserue
tymes
,
to
take
occasions
,
to
make
coniecture
of
thinges
to
come
,
and
to
commaund
when
nede
is
that
there
be
geuen
the
signe
to
retire
Of
that
which
is
to
be
done
after
the
deede
of
Armes
.
AFter
that
he
hath
reuoked
the
Souldyers
from
the
faighte
,
let
him
do
sacrifice
,
&
geue
order
that
thanks
may
be
rendred
to
the
immortall
Gods
,
with
solemne
pompe
,
as
muche
as
in
that
time
maye
be
done
,
promysing
with
gratefull
minde
,
to
make
satisfaction
in
those
thynges
,
so
soone
as
the
war
is
ended
,
and
the
victory
obtained
,
accordyng
to
the
conuenyent
custome
of
satisfying
.
After
warde
let
him
geue
honours
and
rewardes
to
them
,
whyche
he
shall
vnderstande
haue
behaued
them selues
valiauntlye
in
the
dede
of
Armes
,
and
according
to
the
custome
,
to
be
towardes
them
benigne
,
and
liberall
.
But
those
whiche
haue
bene
slacke
and
fearefull
,
let
him
punnyshe
most
shamefully
.
Vnto
valiaunt
men
let
him
graunt
those
honours
which
according
to
the
vse
of
the
countrie
are
lowed
.
The
gyfies
which
the
Captain
ought
to
geue
,
be
these
:
armours
,
Ansignes
,
spoiles
,
the
offices
of
Decurians
,
Centuriaus
,
prouostes
,
conducters
and
other
lyke
offices
.
But
to
the
most
valiant
,
&
to
those
that
are
already
in
authority
,
there
would
be
greater
honors
distrybuted
,
and
to
the
priuate
Souldiers
,
to
be
geuen
the
lesse
.
Although
these
thinges
haue
bene
accustomed
to
bee
geuen
liberallye
,
and
with
gentelnes
,
according
to
the
deseruinges
of
euery
man
,
neuerthelesse
it
doth
prouoke
moreouer
other
vnto
vertue
,
whiche
of
lyke
honours
are
desirous
.
And
without
doubt
,
when
rewards
are
geuen
to
the
good
,
for
their
merites
,
and
the
yll
not
scaping
withoute
punishment
,
of
necessitye
the
armie
is
put
in
moste
excellent
good
hope
.
For
that
some
for
feare
of
punishment
,
do
abstaine
from
doing
yl
,
and
other
some
drawen
with
the
desire
of
honoures
,
imbrace
vertue
.
Of
the
Victorie
.
HAuing
obtained
some
victorie
,
thou
oughtest
not
onely
to
euerye
Souldiour
particularly
●o
geue
rewardes
for
the
acte
well
executed
,
but
also
to
all
the
Armie
,
thou
oughtest
benignely
to
geue
some
generall
rewarde
for
their
labours
.
Thou
shalt
graunte
licence
to
thy
Souldiours
,
to
putte
to
sacke
the
lodginges
of
the
enemies
,
the
cariages
,
and
the
Castels
,
if
any
by
reason
of
warre
happen
to
come
into
thy
possession
,
and
finally
also
the
citie
:
sauing
that
if
peraduenture
of
the
same
there
should
not
be
had
more
consideration
of
deliberting
some
th●ng
.
For
that
this
to
al
such
affaires
,
is
of
much
vtilitie
,
in
especially
,
when
the
warre
is
not
as
yet
finished
.
Because
the
souldiours
by
such
profite
and
gaine
allured
,
will
she
we
them selues
much
teddier
&
more
couragious
in
other
occasions
:
if
thou
be
not
of
opinion
that
it
is
proffitable
for
the
hunters
with
the
bloude
and
interiours
of
the
wilde
beastes
whiche
they
haue
kylled
,
to
teach
their
hounds
to
hunt
,
but
think
it
hurtful
to
geue
in
pray
to
the
victoryous
Souldiers
the
goods
of
theym
whiche
haue
bene
ouercome
.
Of
putting
thynges
to
sacke
.
GRaunte
not
lycence
to
thy
Souldiers
neyther
alwayes
,
nor
in
euery
place
,
nor
al
to
put
to
sacke
:
&
permit
not
them
to
come
to
lead
alway
the
people
:
whom
thou
maist
cause
to
be
solde
(
if
nede
require
)
for
the
common
profite
,
and
to
maintain
great
expences
.
In
whiche
cace
,
thou
shouldest
commaund
openly
that
al
the
goods
be
brought
and
conueyed
vnto
thee
:
Because
most
excellentlye
well
,
thou
mayest
deliberate
thereof
,
hauing
regarde
to
the
time
,
&
to
the
state
of
thinges
,
whether
thou
hast
nede
to
retayne
all
the
praye
,
or
part
of
that
same
,
or
els
none
at
al.
And
it
is
not
conuenient
,
that
making
war
the
common
treasure
be
left
wythout
money
,
for
Souldiers
being
depriued
of
the
gaynes
,
which
from
day
to
day
they
make
,
especiallye
when
by
the
abundant
riches
of
them
who
are
ouercome
,
&
by
the
fertelity
of
the
places
,
the
gaynes
more
amply
,
or
largelye
,
and
with
more
benignity
may
be
destributed
to
them
.
Of
prisoners
.
SO
longe
as
the
warre
continueth
,
kyl
not
thy
prysoners
,
and
inespecially
those
,
againste
whome
the
war
is
made
at
the
first
,
althoughe
it
happen
that
the
confederates
shall
haue
opinion
to
cause
them
to
be
put
to
death
.
But
aboue
al
things
thou
oughtest
not
to
put
them
to
death
,
which
about
the
enemyes
be
of
great
aucthority
&
of
fame
well
knowen
,
&
notable
,
remembryng
that
fortune
is
vncertaine
and
doubtfull
,
and
chaunce
variable
and
mutable
:
the
whiche
moste
oftentymes
loueth
greatlye
to
beare
enuy
to
the
happye
successes
,
and
to
minister
shame
to
glory
attained
.
But
seeke
to
exchaunge
theym
,
or
by
rendring
them
,
to
get
some
Castel
,
or
els
to
redeme
thy
frendes
taken
prisoners
whom
thou
desyrest
greatlye
to
haue
againe
,
but
if
the
ennemyes
shall
refuse
such
permutacion
,
then
lykewise
with
reason
thou
mayest
make
reuengement
of
their
iniury
.
Of
feastes
,
and
triumphes
,
after
the
victorye
.
DAungers
being
past
and
ouercome
,
and
wyth
greate
trauayles
hauing
gotten
the
victorye
,
lette
thers
be
for
thy
Souldiers
,
made
readye
solemne
feastes
,
and
the
places
with
good
order
to
be
appointed
,
and
geue
such
order
,
that
playes
&
triumphes
be
made
,
so
that
hauing
now
the
certaine
ende
of
the
victorie
accomplisshed
,
and
the
Souldiours
knowyng
those
thinges
,
whiche
after
the
victory
they
haue
to
inioye
,
may
for
suche
cause
,
learne
to
sustain
at
another
tyme
,
the
difficultie
of
the
turmoyles
of
warre
.
Of
buriyng
them
whiche
in
the
battayle
haue
been
slayne
.
THou
must
after
prouide
,
&
with
great
diligence
procure
,
that
the
obsequies
be
made
most
worshypfullye
to
theim
whiche
haue
been
slayne
in
the
deede
of
Armes
,
nor
thou
shouldest
make
excuse
,
neither
of
tyme
nor
of
howre
,
nor
of
place
,
nor
of
perrill
,
whether
thou
ouercome
,
or
be
ouercomed
.
For
that
like
as
it
is
a
godly
thing
,
to
performe
the
obsequies
,
&
according
to
the
ryghts
to
doe
sacrifice
for
the
dead
,
euen
so
it
is
very
profitable
for
them
that
remaine
aliue
,
and
rather
altogether
necessary
to
shewe
to
the
lyuing
,
this
thy
pitie
to
wardes
the
dead
.
For
surely
,
when
euery
man
seeth
the
dead
bodies
,
as
it
were
for
outragiousnes
and
despite
of
the
Captaine
,
not
to
be
buried
,
they
iudge
and
presuppose
the
very
same
of
them selues
,
&
take
displeasure
of
such
thynges
,
knowyng
that
if
they
faighting
for
their
countrie
,
happen
to
be
killed
,
are
lyke
not
to
be
buried
.
Of
reuenging
the
ouerthrowe
.
YF
in
fayghting
,
thou
happen
to
receiue
some
ouerthrowe
,
meste
diligently
thou
shouldest
geue
attendaunce
,
to
find
occasion
to
make
reuengement
,
and
to
take
awaye
the
shame
receiued
,
hauing
nede
after
this
manner
,
to
comforte
thy
Souldiers
,
which
shal
be
lefte
thee
safe
.
And
surely
moste
often
times
,
those
that
newly
haue
obtayned
the
victory
,
are
wont
here
and
there
to
straggell
negligently
,
and
to
kepe
their
thyngs
without
forecast
or
any
warde
.
And
he
that
passeth
lytle
on
that
enemy
,
becometh
with
al
,
slouth
full
and
recheles
.
For
the
which
thing
many
tymes
,
the
happy
successe
of
the
Acte
,
hath
been
of
greater
harme
then
the
receiued
ruin
.
For
that
whosoeuer
hath
once
been
beaten
with
contrarye
fortune
,
by
the
successe
of
the
thing
being
taught
and
admonyshed
of
his
error
,
from
that
tyme
forwarde
,
more
warely
doth
gonerne
him selfe
.
And
contrariwyse
,
he
that
hath
not
made
proofe
of
aduersity
,
rannot
vprightly
in
prosperous
affaires
maintein
himself
.
And
if
he
be
a
conqueror
,
as
one
that
is
become
proud
,
he
passeth
litle
of
other
nor
vseth
not
discression
after
suche
sort
,
that
no
maner
of
hurte
be
taken
,
the
which
he
should
haue
vsch
for
to
offende
the
vnwarefull
and
idell
enemies
.
For
surely
to
feare
where
is
nedefull
,
and
where
the
tyme
requires
,
is
token
of
a
man
,
whiche
wysely
prouideth
for
his
busines
.
But
without
good
consideration
,
to
despyse
&
make
litle
accompt
of
euery
thyng
,
is
the
signe
vndoubtely
of
an
arrogant
man
,
and
therfore
such
a
one
,
becommeth
subiect
to
euery
sort
of
perill
.
Of
Truce
.
YF
thou
hast
made
truce
,
doe
not
in
anye
wyse
all
that
tyme
,
assault
the
enemy
,
nor
yet
stande
vnprouided
.
Although
towardes
hym
thou
shouldest
be
in
quiet
,
no
otherwyse
then
as
yf
thou
haddest
peace
.
But
in
as
muche
as
appertayneth
to
thee
,
beware
after
suche
maner
as
if
thou
madest
warre
,
that
there
happen
thee
not
any
thing
contrarie
.
And
vndoubtedlye
,
it
is
a
conuenient
thyng
in
tyme
of
Truce
,
that
thou
fyrst
moue
not
agaynst
the
enemye
,
further
then
honestie
and
reasonablenes
,
nor
to
stande
altogether
without
order
and
disarmed
,
but
rather
shewe
thy selfe
to
take
heade
,
and
to
haue
suspition
of
hydden
hatred
,
and
of
the
deceytes
of
the
aduersaries
.
Forasmuch
as
the
mindes
of
them
with
whom
thou
haste
made
truce
,
be
secrete
and
vncertaine
:
for
the
whiche
thing
thou
shouldest
stedfastly
obserue
,
not
to
doe
anye
inturie
,
for
the
othe
that
thou
haste
made
in
the
couenauntes
:
but
for
feare
of
vntrueth
,
trust
not
vppon
the
enemies
,
wherein
declare
thy selfe
withall
,
heedefull
and
prudent
,
not
breaking
the
agreement
,
and
leauinge
not
occasion
to
be
assaulted
.
Surely
those
,
whiche
of
the
iniurye
that
peraduenture
they
are
lyke
to
receiue
,
do
remytte
the
reuenge
to
the
immortall
Gods
,
although
they
be
of
a
godlye
oppinion
,
notwithstanding
me
thinkes
,
they
put
not
their
things
in
safegard
,
where
it
is
very
straunge
and
a
foolyshe
thinge
,
not
to
defende
thy selfe
from
perilles
,
&
to
take
no
heede
,
because
thou
haste
hope
,
that
for
their
falseheade
,
and
breakynge
of
faith
they
are
to
be
punished
,
which
vnmercifully
haue
offended
and
indamaged
thee
,
as
thoughe
it
were
lyke
to
turne
thee
to
profite
and
safetye
,
so
soone
as
the
enemies
shall
haue
suffered
paine
for
the
same
,
specially
when
with
safegarde
of
thy
thynges
,
it
is
lawful
for
thee
,
to
make
proofe
,
and
to
come
to
knowledge
of
the
impietye
of
the
ennemyes
.
In
whiche
manner
thou
being
falselye
and
trayterouslye
assaulted
,
shalte
not
be
hurte
,
and
the
enemy
shal
shew
himselfe
to
be
disleal
,
which
hadde
thought
to
haue
hurt
thee
,
if
he
hadde
bene
able
.
How
the
Captayne
shoulde
behaue
him selfe
,
to
cause
Cities
to
yelde
.
VSyng
benignity
and
gentelnes
towardes
those
Cities
,
whiche
of
their
owne
minde
,
haue
yelded
them-selues
vnto
thee
,
and
by
couenaunts
being
rendred-shall
come
into
thy
possession
,
thou
shalt
therby
incline
other
so
to
do
.
For
the
they
intised
of
hope
to
attaine
the
verye
same
that
the
other
haue
,
will
easely
yeld
.
And
surely
that
manne
,
which
so
soone
as
he
hath
obtained
a
City
,
sheweth
himselfe
sharp
and
cruell
,
putting
it
to
sacke
,
tearing
and
cuttyng
to
peces
al
thinges
,
geueth
occasion
to
other
Cities
,
to
alienate
their
good
willes
,
and
to
take
vpon
them selues
the
warre
,
and
the
difficulte
victorye
.
For
as
muche
as
,
euery
man
which
is
assured
,
that
the
conquerour
is
vnmercifull
and
cruell
towardes
them
whome
he
hath
ouercome
,
doth
chuse
muche
rather
to
doe
and
to
suffer
all
extremitye
,
then
willinglye
to
yelde
.
And
questionles
,
no
one
thyng
filleth
so
much
the
mind
with
valiauntnesse
,
as
feare
of
the
imminent
perill
,
whiche
euery
man
knoweth
to
suffer
when
so
euer
they
yeld
.
And
the
feare
to
suffer
misery
,
is
wont
to
put
in
the
mindes
of
men
great
desire
bothe
to
make
resistaunce
and
to
faight
.
And
all
proofe
whiche
is
made
against
desperates
,
is
difficult
and
perillous
.
And
they
who
yelding
theym selues
cannot
hope
to
be
intrered
more
gentlye
,
nor
to
haue
vsed
towardes
them
more
benignity
then
as
if
faighting
,
they
were
ouercome
,
much
rather
making
resistence
,
wil
suffer
all
mischiefe
.
Whereby
the
vnwise
and
cruell
Captaynes
,
geueth
occasyon
that
the
siege
of
a
Citie
is
prolonged
,
and
some
also
to
become
vayne
,
and
are
neuer
brought
to
good
end
,
and
be
likewise
daungerous
and
perillous
.
Of
keping
promise
with
Traitours
VNto
them
which
at
thy
request
,
shall
haue
committed
some
treason
,
thou
oughtest
to
obserue
the
faithe
and
promises
made
theym
,
not
so
muche
for
their
cause
,
as
for
the
time
to
come
,
wherby
other
maye
vnderstande
,
that
those
whiche
wil
folowe
thy
part
,
shal
be
rewarded
,
and
so
the
easelier
they
will
be
brought
to
suche
seruices
.
For
questionlesse
he
that
geueth
to
tratours
,
may
thereby
receyue
great
benefittes
.
Wherefore
be
ready
to
geue
thankes
to
such
sort
of
men
:
conlideryng
,
that
thou
arte
not
chosen
reuenger
of
the
betraide
city
,
but
Captain
of
thy
countrye
.
Of
treasons
by
nyght
,
and
of
vnderstanding
the
course
of
the
Starres
.
FOr
to
giue
an
assaulte
,
and
to
take
occasion
to
oppresse
the
enemies
by
nyghte
through
treason
,
it
is
neadefull
,
that
thou
haue
some
knoweledge
of
the
course
,
and
mouinges
of
the
Starres
,
seing
that
through
the
ignorance
of
suche
thinges
,
the
determination
of
them
,
which
would
commit
treason
,
moste
oftentymes
becommeth
vayne
:
where
the
Traytour
hauing
sometime
appoincted
with
thee
,
the
thyrde
or
the
fourthe
,
or
what
so
euer
other
howre
thou
lyste
,
the
whiche
he
hath
thought
to
haue
been
fytte
,
either
to
open
the
gate
,
or
to
kill
some
of
the
warde
of
the
Citie
,
or
finally
to
oppresse
at
a
sudden
some
ambushe
of
the
enemies
,
not
knowyng
the
determinate
bowre
,
of
necessitie
it
is
lyke
in
one
of
these
two
thynges
to
committe
error
,
eyther
goyng
sooner
then
is
nedefull
,
and
before
the
Traytour
hath
procured
the
thyng
,
wherby
thou
mayest
be
taken
of
the
enemy
,
or
be
hindred
to
bryng
to
effect
that
,
which
thou
hast
determined
vpon
,
or
els
going
latter
,
then
the
tyme
apoincted
,
giue
occasion
that
the
Traytour
bee
caught
and
kylled
,
and
so
be
an
impediment
to
thy selfe
,
to
bryng
to
passe
the
thing
that
thou
goest
about
.
Wherefore
it
is
requisite
with
iudgement
,
to
make
consecture
,
and
diligently
consider
,
in
what
space
of
tyme
,
how
many
voiages
thou
hast
to
make
:
and
then
consideryng
the
courses
of
the
starres
,
thou
must
with
thy selfe
,
moste
diligently
remember
how
farre
thou
hast
gone
,
and
howe
muche
there
is
to
go
:
so
that
thou
aryue
not
sooner
nor
later
,
then
the
hower
of
the
tyme
appointed
,
and
that
thou
bee
within
the
wal
,
before
the
enemy
vnderstande
of
thy
commyng
.
Of
takyng
by
daye
,
a
Citie
or
Castell
by
treason
.
BUt
if
thou
must
nedes
by
daye
go
to
take
with
treason
a
Citie
or
Castel
,
whylest
thou
art
a
marching
,
sende
before
a
parte
of
thy
horsemenne
,
to
take
all
those
which
be
founde
by
the
waye
,
to
the
ende
,
that
none
stirring
from
the
fielde
,
doe
runne
to
the
Citie
,
to
geue
aduyse
that
thy
men
come
to
assaulte
them
:
but
rather
make
that
in
a
moment
at
a
sudden
,
thou
be
present
with
the
enemy
with
thy
armie
in
good
araye
.
But
after
that
suddenly
,
thou
hast
assalted
hym
,
he
hauing
not
thereof
any
whit
of
suspition
,
if
it
be
not
good
,
the
thing
to
be
done
by
treason
,
commaunde
thy
men
to
faight
without
further
delay
,
withall
force
,
and
to
goe
with
most
spedy
celeretie
,
to
the
intent
to
preuent
the
enemie
,
thou
hauing
occasion
to
approche
eyther
to
a
Castell
or
to
a
forte
,
or
finallye
to
a
Citie
,
and
this
inespecially
,
when
thou
shalt
haue
fewe
men
,
and
inferior
to
those
of
the
enemy
.
And
in
dede
,
where
the
sudden
brunt
and
vnloked for
,
cometh
vppon
them
,
contrary
to
their
opinion
,
it
is
wonte
greuously
to
trouble
the
enemy
,
although
he
be
of
greater
power
.
But
if
he
seing
the
men
that
assaulte
hym
,
haue
leasure
to
deliberate
,
taking
harte
agayne
,
he
wyl
then
begin
to
passe
littell
,
and
more
boldely
wyll
faight
:
whereby
it
chaunceth
most
often
tymes
,
that
the
first
salies
,
and
the
beginninges
of
the
enterpryse
,
are
wonte
to
seeme
more
fearfull
,
then
when
slowely
&
with
delay
they
proceade
.
For
the
which
thyng
,
to
manye
it
hath
chaunced
,
that
with
a
sudden
larum
,
the
enemy
nowe
astonied
and
made
afrayd
,
they
haue
with
litle
labour
constrayned
to
submit
him selfe
of
his
own
mynde
or
els
against
his
will
,
to
render
obedience
.
Of
besieging
a
Citye
.
IN
layng
the
siege
to
a
Citie
,
aboue
al
thinges
,
the
vertue
of
the
captaine
,
is
nedeful
,
and
the
policies
of
warre
like
wise
is
to
be
required
,
&
the
preparation
of
ordinaunce
.
Where
also
ought
to
be
foreseen
and
taken
hede
of
,
that
those
,
whiche
thou
kepest
besieged
,
in
no
place
at
a
sudden
offende
thee
.
Because
that
they
who
see
theym selues
to
be
besieged
knowe
,
if
they
shall
be
negligent
,
what
greuous
hurtes
,
will
come
vppon
them
,
for
whiche
cause
,
more
circumspectlye
they
take
heede
,
and
obserue
by
what
waye
,
they
may
indamage
the
ennemye
that
besiegeth
them
.
And
surely
,
he
that
thinkes
to
be
in
no
peril
,
deth
some
of
those
thinges
,
which
he
hath
determined
,
when
it
pleaseth
him
:
but
withoute
doubt
,
who
so
euer
considereth
him selfe
to
be
in
daunger
,
seketh
euerye
occasion
,
whiche
founde
,
inforceth
him selfe
to
take
it
,
&
to
vse
it
against
his
aduersary
.
wherfore
he
that
doth
besiege
must
fortifie
his
campe
with
stakes
,
with
trenches
,
and
with
watches
&
wardes
.
For
as
much
as
the
enemy
a
far
of
,
seeth
that
which
thou
preparest
,
&
the
same
whiche
thou
arte
about
to
do
:
agaynst
which
,
those
whome
thou
kepest
besieged
,
being
couered
of
the
wal
,
at
times
issuing
out
at
vnawares
,
&
out
of
the
gates
running
abroade
,
may
burne
al
thy
artifices
,
&
Ingins
,
&
oppresse
thy
souldsers
,
&
ruinate
whatsoeuer
shall
come
to
their
handes
.
The
which
thing
they
will
not
attempt
to
doe
,
if
nere
to
the
gates
,
as
well
to
the
great
,
as
to
the
littell
,
where
appeareth
,
that
they
may
issue
out
of
the
Citie
,
thou
haue
placed
for
watche
,
some
hande
of
thy
Souldiours
,
who
maye
lette
such
sudden
salies
&
incursions
:
otherwise
,
the
enemies
issuing
out
secretly
,
may
many
tymes
,
be
able
to
doe
lyke
thinges
.
Very
comodious
and
profitable
it
shal
turne
thee
,
if
the
enterprise
which
thou
woldest
do
,
shal
be
done
by
night
.
And
verely
if
the
thyng
bee
doone
by
night
,
considering
the
darkenes
to
them
which
be
assaulted
,
it
is
wont
to
seme
more
terrible
,
for
that
they
can
not
diserne
,
what
is
done
.
Wherby
it
happeneth
,
peneth
,
that
the
suspition
is
more
greuous
,
and
in
the
myndes
increaseth
greater
ferae
,
then
if
the
thyng
myght
be
seen
.
Whereof
doth
ryse
,
suche
vproares
and
tumultes
,
that
there
is
no
man
,
which
is
not
at
his
wittes
end
.
Yea
&
they
will
saye
,
that
the
enemy
doth
many
thynges
,
which
in
dede
he
doth
not
,
seing
that
for
respect
of
the
nyghte
,
it
can
not
wel
be
vnderstand
,
of
what
part
the
assaulte
is
geuen
with
the
ladders
,
and
that
which
is
done
.
Moreouer
through
all
the
Citie
,
they
wil
run
vp
and
downe
here
and
there
,
and
in
euery
place
rayse
rumors
and
feare
,
and
terrible
brutes
or
tales
,
for
as
muche
as
false
feare
,
deuines
of
thinges
to
come
,
and
estemeth
it
to
be
the
same
whiche
suspition
imagineth
.
And
euery
thyng
that
thou
doest
by
night
,
although
it
be
but
litle
,
to
them
which
thou
kepest
beseged
,
may
seeme
horrible
and
fearfull
.
For
as
much
as
none
telleth
that
which
he
seeth
:
but
euery
man
,
particularly
rehearseth
that
,
whyche
in
the
darke
he
hathe
hearde
.
And
if
it
be
vnderstoode
that
of
some
part
,
one
or
twoo
of
the
enemies
,
haue
got
vppon
the
wall
,
thynkyng
those
to
bee
all
the
menne
,
puttyng
them selues
to
flyghte
,
leauyng
their
defence
,
and
forsaking
their
fortifications
,
they
will
departe
.
If
thou
wylt
that
speadelye
some
woorke
be
dispatched
and
doone
,
see
thou
be
the
fyrst
to
put
to
thy
hande
to
the
same
woorke
.
Because
the
multitude
,
not
so
much
with
threatnynges
,
is
inforced
to
do
that
which
thou
woldest
,
as
they
are
moued
by
shame
,
and
of
the
reuerence
of
their
superiours
.
And
vndoubtedly
when
euery
manne
shall
see
the
Captayne
before
any
other
,
putte
his
hande
,
to
the
worke
,
and
to
trauayle
hym selfe
therin
,
then
they
know
the
thyng
to
haue
uede
of
spedenes
,
and
they
be
ashamed
not
to
labour
,
and
feare
to
drawe
backward
,
and
nowe
not
as
seruauntes
and
souldiers
subiect
to
the
commaundemet
of
other
,
and
of
an
ill
wyll
,
but
driuen
of
shame
,
they
wyl
come
,
and
(
as
well
as
though
they
were
called
)
offer
theim selues
to
beare
equally
the
burden
of
the
labour
.
Although
there
be
many
and
sundrye
instrumentes
of
warre
,
and
dyuers
the
inuentions
to
batter
and
to
ruinate
a
citie
,
notwithstanding
thou
nedest
not
vse
them
all
,
but
only
those
which
thou
mayst
commodiously
.
And
without
doubt
,
if
I
shoulde
vndertake
to
teach
thee
,
I
were
not
able
to
name
all
those
,
which
are
to
be
occupied
,
I
meane
the
Aries
,
the
Testudini
the
Vinie
,
the
Balistes
,
the
Bridges
,
and
such
lyke
woorke
and
Ingins
:
for
as
much
as
suche
thinges
,
appertaine
to
the
riches
and
power
of
theim
that
make
the
warre
,
and
also
to
the
wittines
of
the
Architecturres
,
and
Artificers
,
and
vnto
the
cunning
and
subtilnes
in
artificially
making
them
.
But
that
whiche
aboue
all
thing
,
agreeth
wyth
the
prudence
of
a
Captaine
,
me
thinkes
is
specially
to
chose
some
parte
of
the
citie
,
or
castell
,
where
like
workes
&
ordinaunce
may
be
brought
vnto
.
For
that
thou
canst
not
easelye
compas
all
the
citie
about
,
and
assault
all
partes
thereof
,
with
woorkes
and
Ingins
,
except
the
castell
were
very
smal
and
litle
.
Then
hauing
deuided
thy
men
into
sundry
partes
,
and
disposed
them
by
order
,
thou
shalt
commaund
that
larums
be
geuen
to
the
other
places
of
the
citie
,
&
that
schaling
ladders
be
also
brought
to
the
wall
,
so
that
the
citezins
maye
knowe
to
bee
oppressed
on
euery
sde
,
&
through
such
difficultie
to
be
constrayned
,
that
they
can
not
well
deliberate
to
what
parte
of
the
Citie
they
ought
to
geue
succour
.
Seyng
that
if
the
other
partes
be
abandoned
and
that
they
shall
attende
to
the
same
,
whereunto
the
Ingins
are
planted
,
the
Souldiours
beyng
made
ready
to
the
schallyng
,
not
letted
of
any
man
,
with
facelety
may
get
vpon
the
wall
:
or
els
if
the
townes
men
deuiding
them selues
through
al
places
,
wyll
euery
one
according
to
his
strengthe
,
do
the
best
they
can
to
defende
:
those
which
shal
be
placed
against
the
violence
of
the
Ingins
,
and
instrumentes
of
warre
,
can
not
being
but
a
fewe
,
susteine
the
wayghtines
of
the
fayghte
,
nor
repulse
the
fury
of
so
hote
and
terrible
assault
.
Wherfore
it
shal
be
to
very
good
purpose
&
profitable
,
to
make
as
though
in
diuers
places
thou
wouldest
assault
the
city
,
so
that
through
the
sundry
preparations
,
and
for
the
dyuers
maners
to
ouercome
it
,
thou
deuide
in
manye
partes
the
force
,
and
the
Counrels
of
the
Citezins
,
and
keepe
their
myndes
troubled
,
and
here
and
there
to
drawe
and
retyre
them
.
Whereby
thou
in
this
mean
while
,
of
that
part
,
which
with
all
thy
power
shalt
stande
intentiue
to
faight
,
more
easely
mayst
oppresse
the
Citie
,
and
take
it
,
as
it
were
a
certayne
body
.
But
if
thu
makest
haste
,
and
inforcest
thy selfe
speadely
to
wynne
some
Castel
or
Citie
,
or
els
some
Forte
,
and
that
thou
seest
nowe
thy
Souldiours
through
labour
to
be
weery
,
and
that
it
shoulde
not
tourne
thee
well
to
deferre
the
enterpryse
,
nor
to
remoue
the
Souldiours
from
the
fayght
,
then
it
is
nedefull
for
thee
,
to
deuyde
thy
men
into
sundrye
orders
,
hauyng
respecte
to
the
number
of
them
,
and
to
the
greatnes
of
the
Citie
.
And
beginning
in
the
fyrst
watche
of
the
nyght
,
the
tyme
to
fayght
being
equally
deuided
betwene
them
,
the
squadrons
with
equal
space
put
in
order
,
boldlye
vndertake
the
enterpryse
.
And
after
the
first
warde
,
cause
the
seconde
,
to
succede
,
and
the
thyrde
next
the
same
,
and
the
fourth
,
and
the
fifte
also
,
if
so
many
shall
nede
:
relyuing
nowe
the
one
,
&
nowe
the
other
.
So
that
whiles
the
one
squadron
faighteth
,
the
other
may
ordinarely
repose
them selues
&
slepe
.
Finally
the
night
ended
,
in
the
beginning
of
the
daye
,
returne
the
very
same
order
:
&
so
returning
from
time
to
time
,
continue
the
enterprise
,
distributing
the
handes
&
deuidyng
them
,
course
by
course
.
In
which
maner
,
shal
happen
two
things
,
which
is
,
that
day
and
night
without
any
delay
of
time
,
they
shall
faighte
,
&
those
which
are
wery
,
shal
be
reliued
of
the
lusty
,
refreshed
throughe
rest
,
which
by
their
tourne
they
haue
taken
.
Nor
let
no
man
thinke
,
that
citizens
besieged
,
can
vse
the
selfe
same
councell
,
and
that
disposed
with
the
same
order
,
although
thei
be
many
,
may
with
like
maner
&
with
exchaunging
now
the
one
,
now
the
other
,
without
disturbance
&
most
great
labour
,
defende
them selues
.
For
as
much
as
euery
man
,
which
remembreth
to
stande
in
perill
,
albeit
he
supposeth
that
the
commoditie
is
geuen
him
to
slepe
,
neuerthelesse
he
can
take
no
rest
.
For
that
considering
the
daunger
that
standeth
him
vpon
,
he
is
constrained
to
watche
,
as
though
the
Citie
wers
like
to
go
in
ruin
in
the
meane
time
that
he
slepeth
&
reposeth
himself
But
peraduenture
some
wyll
saye
,
what
?
thynkest
thou
that
the
Captaine
is
made
of
a
Diamant
,
or
elles
of
Steale
?
Whyche
in
all
those
thynges
,
that
by
the
space
of
course
be
to
all
the
armie
deuyded
,
he
onelye
continually
ought
to
stand
vigilant
,
&
neuer
him selfe
to
take
rest
.
Surely
I
do
not
seke
this
of
him
,
nor
forbidde
not
that
at
a
time
he
geue
himselfe
to
quietnes
&
to
slepe
,
so
that
he
do
it
moderately
,
and
that
the
slepe
be
short
:
&
in
that
while
,
do
chuse
some
faithfull
and
valiaunt
manne
,
which
for
reputacion
and
authoritye
,
hath
the
second
place
,
after
the
Captain
,
and
the
charge
of
gouerning
to
be
geuen
him
.
Sometime
those
partes
of
the
Citie
which
be
of
some
high
rocke
,
&
daungerousnes
,
or
els
otherwise
fortified
of
nature
,
hath
ben
seen
to
haue
geuen
to
those
who
haue
ouercome
them
,
greater
occasion
to
take
and
win
the
citie
,
then
suche
walles
haue
done
,
whyche
wyth
arte
,
and
with
hands
haue
bene
made
sure
and
strong
,
&
therefore
they
are
reputed
,
to
be
more
weake
.
And
in
dede
those
places
that
be
fortified
by
nature
,
are
wont
to
be
kept
more
negligently
,
with
none
,
or
but
with
a
smal
garison
of
Souldiers
:
And
in
this
case
the
wise
and
wittie
Captaine
trusting
in
suche
occasion
,
maye
study
and
find
out
,
that
whiche
is
to
be
done
:
and
wyth
rewardes
and
wyth
promises
,
seke
to
induse
some
of
his
men
which
are
most
bolde
,
that
they
inforce
them selues
eyther
with
ladders
,
or
otherwise
,
to
get
vp
on
that
parte
,
where
is
most
adoe
to
clime
.
And
yf
peraduenture
they
shal
be
gotten
vp
,
and
secretlye
entered
within
the
wall
.
Let
them
take
some
gate
of
the
Citie
,
whether
it
be
great
or
litle
:
and
inforce
theym selues
to
open
it
,
and
to
kepe
it
open
.
And
to
this
thing
shal
be
of
most
great
helpe
,
if
in
some
maner
,
they
shal
from
without
,
draw
vppe
to
the
wall
,
some
trumpet
,
the
which
in
a
sudden
should
begin
to
sounde
.
For
that
the
enemyes
hearing
the
trumpet
from
the
wal
,
and
inespecially
by
night
,
it
shall
put
great
feare
in
the
myndes
of
the
Citizens
,
thinking
now
the
city
to
be
taken
,
&
them selues
altogether
to
be
ouercom
:
wherby
being
made
afraide
,
they
wil
forsake
the
gates
,
and
the
places
of
watche
and
warde
,
and
take
theim
to
their
heles
,
that
way
,
which
they
shal
thinke
most
mete
.
Wherfore
to
thy
other
Souldiers
,
whiche
looke
for
the
ende
of
the
thyng
,
it
wyl
be
easye
,
hauing
no
manner
of
incounter
,
eyther
the
gates
being
broken
to
enter
,
or
els
with
ladders
to
get
vppon
the
wall
.
In
this
maner
with
one
trumpet
,
and
the
same
vnarmed
,
thou
mayest
take
and
wynne
a
Citie
.
Of
the
Citie
taken
.
YF
thou
take
a
city
which
for
the
number
&
worthines
of
the
citizens
,
are
thought
puisaunt
,
whereby
is
to
bee
feared
,
least
they
drawing
together
with
often
turning
backe
,
setting
them
selues
against
thy
menne
,
do
make
resistaunce
,
or
els
keping
the
highest
places
,
and
afterwarde
from
thence
sore
hurt
thy
Souldiers
,
or
els
at
the
ende
retire
in
some
hold
,
from
whense
after
accordyng
to
occasyon
they
may
yssue
out
to
geue
thee
the
assault
,
whilest
the
thing
shal
be
in
such
case
,
thou
must
openly
cause
to
be
vnderstoode
,
that
who
so
euer
shal
lay
downe
their
weapons
,
and
willyngly
vnarm
them selues
,
by
no
manner
of
wife
shall
be
killed
of
thy
souldiers
.
Because
euery
man
sekes
firste
to
do
to
other
that
,
which
he
thinkes
,
shal
happen
to
him
self
,
when
so
euer
he
is
taken
,
&
therin
he
doth
inforce
him selfe
,
to
preuent
other
.
Whereby
hath
happened
,
that
some
often
tymes
by
force
,
haue
dryuen
out
the
ennemies
nowe
dispersed
in
the
taken
Citie
,
or
els
,
if
they
were
not
able
so
to
doe
,
they
haue
retyred
in
some
exceading
strong
Rocke
,
so
that
a
new
they
haue
hadde
power
to
geue
trauaile
and
labour
to
their
enemyes
,
after
suche
sort
,
that
the
aduersaries
haue
been
driuen
to
a
new
siege
,
and
somtime
much
longer
&
more
difficult
then
the
first
,
passing
through
many
perils
.
And
maye
chaunce
,
by
publishing
thy
decree
in
euery
place
,
al
or
at
lest
wise
the
greater
part
,
wil
cast
doun
their
weapons
.
For
the
those
which
are
so
dysdainfull
against
the
enemy
,
that
they
desire
with
force
of
armes
to
attempt
fortune
,
hauyng
suspicyon
whether
the
other
Citizens
be
of
the
same
disposition
or
not
,
will
come
also
to
laye
downe
their
weapons
.
And
by
this
it
happeneth
,
that
albeit
that
euery
one
of
them
would
vse
their
weapons
,
and
trie
their
strengthes
,
notwithstanding
particularly
,
the
one
hauing
suspition
of
the
other
,
they
wyll
all
make
haste
to
lay
down
their
weapons
,
euery
man
douting
to
remain
himself
only
armed
seyng
that
the
shortnes
of
tyme
,
and
of
thinges
doth
not
permit
that
they
may
manifest
a
newe
their
myndes
,
and
then
to
take
councell
.
Neuerthelesse
,
those
whiche
haue
desire
to
saue
theym selues
,
and
that
all
manner
of
wayes
do
attende
to
their
owne
safegard
,
tyll
suche
time
as
some
hope
of
the
same
be
offred
and
shewed
theim
,
althoughe
with
veruent
minde
for
their
safety
they
would
yelde
,
yet
constrained
of
verye
necessitye
,
they
resiste
those
that
come
to
hurt
them
.
Albeit
when
they
fynde
but
litle
hope
of
safegarde
,
then
of
proud
enemyes
,
becomming
humble
with
prayers
,
they
wil
be
gladde
to
seke
thee
.
Whereby
with
like
decree
thou
shalt
induce
also
to
laye
downe
their
weapons
,
those
whiche
by
force
of
armes
haue
determined
to
defende
themselues
.
Of
staying
the
reuenge
against
those
which
are
ouercome
.
THe
death
which
chaunseth
to
souldiers
faighting
,
in
no
maner
of
wise
hath
nede
,
neither
of
comfort
,
nor
of
compassion
,
as
the
same
which
hath
hapned
through
loue
of
vertue
&
for
desire
to
ouercom
.
But
after
the
obtained
victory
,
hauing
nowe
wonne
and
taken
the
citie
,
the
kylling
in
euery
place
the
ouercommed
,
is
to
conquerours
a
thing
moste
miserable
,
and
rather
then
vertue
,
a
testimony
of
crueltie
and
foolishnes
.
And
although
thou
be
angered
&
made
cruel
against
the
ouercommed
&
subdued
,
thou
must
not
therefore
thynke
,
to
suffer
harme
,
either
of
thy
reputation
,
or
of
thy
affayres
,
if
the
enemies
so
sone
as
they
are
oppressed
,
haue
not
been
slayne
.
For
that
leysurely
at
thy
commoditie
,
all
perril
of
faighting
taken
awaye
,
thou
mayest
deliberate
,
what
thou
wilt
do
with
the
ennemie
that
thou
hast
conquered
.
Of
the
Citie
whiche
by
force
of
Armes
can
not
be
ouercome
.
IF
thou
haue
not
hope
to
be
able
to
ouercome
and
take
by
force
of
Armes
,
the
same
Citie
that
thou
haste
besieged
,
and
that
for
such
occasion
,
thou
muste
prolong
the
siege
,
and
that
neuerthelesse
it
is
to
be
iudged
,
that
by
length
of
time
,
&
by
famine
thou
maist
get
such
a
Citie
,
thou
shalt
cause
to
be
taken
in
the
Countrie
,
and
in
the
fieldes
,
as
manye
as
thou
findest
,
and
of
these
chuse
theym
,
whyche
for
valiauntnes
of
minde
,
for
lustines
of
bodye
,
and
for
florishingnes
of
age
,
shal
seme
vnto
thee
apt
for
the
war
,
whom
thou
mayst
vse
where
shall
tourne
thee
to
commoditie
,
and
when
thou
knowest
them
to
be
profytable
in
thy
affaires
.
But
the
women
,
the
chyldren
,
the
olde
folke
,
and
those
which
by
other
occasion
be
weak
,
and
not
mere
to
faight
,
thou
shalt
inforce
to
enter
into
the
Citye
,
as
those
whyche
can
not
woorke
,
nor
helpe
in
anye
thing
the
same
,
which
for
the
defence
of
a
City
is
desired
,
so
that
they
much
soner
consuming
the
vittailes
,
may
be
of
so
great
harme
to
the
besieged
citizens
,
that
they
may
be
reputed
a
great
deale
sooner
ennemies
,
then
frendes
,
or
neyboures
.
Of
the
behauiour
,
whych
the
Captaine
ought
to
vse
,
after
the
Warre
is
ended
.
AFter
that
the
affayres
of
warre
,
vnder
thy
gouernment
is
done
and
ended
,
so
that
,
the
same
acclomplished
,
thou
haue
lybertie
to
make
an
ende
of
all
thinges
,
shew
not
thy selfe
proud
and
seuere
,
but
rather
humble
,
pleasant
,
&
gentle
,
and
consequently
,
louing
to
almen
.
For
as
muche
as
the
firste
thinges
,
bredes
enuye
,
and
the
other
induceth
emulacion
and
affection
.
Enuye
,
is
the
hauing
griefe
&
sorowe
at
the
prosperitie
of
other
:
and
emulacion
is
the
desire
to
folow
the
vertue
of
other
.
But
they
be
betwene
theym
so
contrarye
,
that
he
whych
hath
enuy
,
desireth
that
none
haue
any
good
.
And
he
that
hath
emulacion
,
hath
desyre
to
bryng
to
passe
in
lyke
maner
,
suche
thynges
,
as
other
by
them selues
haue
honorably
attained
.
Then
a
man
of
a
good
minde
shall
not
onelye
be
a
good
guyde
of
armed
men
:
and
of
a
countrye
,
but
also
a
wise
Captayne
,
a
diligente
preseruer
and
gouernor
,
in
augmenting
his
honor
and
in
conseruing
the
same
perpetuallye
withoute
any
perill
.
The
ende
.
¶
THE
TABLE
OF
the
principall
thinges
which
in
this
booke
are
contained
.
FOr
what
occasyon
menne
faight
vnfortunately
.
fol.
iii.
The
Romaynes
through
prudence
,
by
councel
,
and
with
the
feates
of
war
,
obtayned
the
Empire
of
the
world
.
fol.
iiii
.
They
,
which
attribute
all
infclicity
only
to
fortune
,
are
fooles
and
very
sunple
.
fol.
iiii
.
It
is
the
property
of
a
malicious
and
vniust
man
,
to
excuse
him
from
euery
fault
,
which
hath
ministred
euill
the
publyke
affaires
.
fol.
iiii
.
In
choosyng
a
Generall
Capytaine
,
no
respect
ought
to
be
had
,
neyther
to
his
stocke
,
nor
to
his
predecessours
,
nor
to
his
fortunatnes
in
riches
.
fol.
vii
.
The
qualitye
whiche
ought
to
be
in
a
Generall
Captaine
.
fol.
viii
.
He
that
is
not
geuen
to
couetousnes
of
golde
and
siluer
,
maye
honorablye
haue
the
charge
of
the
affaires
of
warre
.
fol.
x.
The
Captaine
ought
to
be
neyther
olde
nor
yonge
.
fol.
x.
He
that
hath
children
,
is
meete
to
be
chosen
Captaine
.
fol.
xii
.
The
Captaine
ought
to
be
a
faire
speaker
.
fol.
xii
.
More
difficulte
it
is
,
to
cure
the
infirmities
that
standeth
hid
,
then
those
whiche
bothe
maye
be
felt
and
seene
.
fol.
xiii
.
The
Captaine
that
is
to
be
chosen
,
ought
to
be
a
man
well
esremed
&
of
reputacion
.
fol.
xiiii
.
The
poore
Captaine
,
so
that
he
be
good
and
valiaunt
,
is
not
to
be
refused
.
fol.
xiiii
.
The
Captain
intentiue
to
gaine
money
,
is
not
good
.
fol.
xv
.
In
a
Captaine
,
his
reputacion
,
and
the
nobylity
of
his
predecessors
is
to
be
estemed
.
fol.
xvi
By
reason
it
is
to
be
thought
,
that
he
is
more
lyke
to
be
a
better
Captayne
that
is
no
gentelman
borne
,
then
some
of
noble
parentage
.
fol.
xvii
The
Captaine
shoulde
be
chosen
valyaunt
,
of
noble
bloude
,
aduenturous
,
&
rich
.
fol.
xviii
The
headdes
of
the
Souldiers
woulde
be
strong
,
bolde
,
&
faithful
to
their
country
.
fol.
xx
It
is
much
vtility
to
the
common
weale
,
to
set
forwarde
the
nobilitie
,
when
an
enterprise
must
be
done
,
and
in
doing
the
same
,
is
required
spedines
.
fol.
xx
.
The
Captaine
ought
to
haue
with
him
some
Counsellers
and
companions
.
fol.
xxi
.
He
often
tunes
committes
errour
,
whych
not
minding
to
heare
the
aduise
of
other
,
doeth
attribute
euery
thing
to
him selfe
alone
.
fol.
xxii
.
The
weake
beginninges
of
thinges
,
cannot
sustain
the
burthen
of
that
is
said
vpon
them
.
fo.
xxv
Of
the
maner
that
is
to
be
vsed
in
the
bringing
foorth
the
army
.
fol.
xxvi
.
Throughe
euerye
place
,
the
armye
ought
to
marche
in
battel
raye
.
fol.
xxvi●
Always
it
is
better
and
more
sure
,
and
much
casyer
,
to
gouerne
the
battaile
which
marcheth
close
together
,
and
square
,
then
thynne
and
longe
.
fol.
xxix
.
The
victuales
,
the
cariages
,
and
all
the
remnaunt
of
prouision
,
ought
to
be
pleaed
in
the
midst
of
the
army
.
fol.
xxx
.
Through
dearth
of
victuales
,
and
for
lacke
of
money
,
warres
are
wonte
to
abate
,
and
to
extinguishe
.
fol.
xxxii
.
It
woulde
be
cared
for
,
with
al
diligence
,
that
to
the
Campe
,
both
by
sea
and
land
,
the
victualles
may
safely
be
brought
fol.
xxxiiii
.
The
lodginges
being
placed
,
diches
and
trenches
must
be
made
.
fol.
xxxv
.
It
is
a
holsome
and
a
profitable
thing
,
not
to
kepe
an
army
to
long
in
one
continuall
place
.
fol.
xxxvi
.
The
standing
in
ydlenes
,
and
in
slouthfulnesse
,
causes
the
bodyes
to
become
weake
and
languished
,
and
disposeth
their
nundes
altogether
vile
and
fearefull
.
fol.
xxxvii
.
The
army
instructed
,
and
set
in
araye
,
ought
to
be
deuided
into
.ii.
partes
.
fol.
xli
.
The
Captaine
must
praise
them
,
the
whiche
haue
alwayes
defended
their
places
.
fol.
xlii
.
Souldyers
ought
not
to
be
suffred
,
which
presumpteously
go
to
robbe
and
spoile
.
fol.
xliiii
Euery
manne
must
stand
on
his
feete
to
kepe
watche
and
ward
.
fol.
xlvii
The
armye
mindyng
secretlye
to
departe
,
ought
to
make
many
fires
.
fol.
xlviii
.
The
fugetiues
are
to
be
kept
in
ward
.
fo.
xlix
The
wise
Captayne
oughte
wyth
all
dilygence
to
vew
the
Campe
of
the
euemies
.
fol.
l.
Wyth
those
wayes
,
whiche
maye
beguile
the
ennemye
,
with
the
verye
same
it
is
to
be
taken
hede
of
,
not
to
be
deceyued
.
fol.
lv
.
Councels
are
not
to
be
disclosed
.
fol.
lv
.
It
is
a
signe
of
an
vndiscrete
and
foolish
man
,
arrogantlye
to
manifest
his
councell
to
euerye
man
.
fol.
ivi
.
Before
the
Army
should
be
brought
foorth
.
Sacrifice
would
be
done
.
fol.
lvii
.
Knowledge
of
places
must
be
had
.
fol.
ix
.
In
conducting
foorthe
menne
of
Armes
,
it
is
to
be
foresene
,
that
by
the
selfe
same
way
where
they
entered
,
it
may
be
open
to
returne
.
fol.
lxii
.
Souldiers
refreshed
with
meat
,
become
more
strong
and
lusty
.
fol.
lxvi
.
The
countenance
of
the
Capitayne
,
is
wonte
to
make
the
myndes
of
the
Souidyers
conformable
.
fol.
lxvii
.
When
the
Armye
ought
to
be
put
in
terrour
.
fol.
lxix
.
Howe
Souldiers
may
be
incouraged
wyth
the
prisoners
of
the
enemye
.
fol.
lxxi
.
Howe
men
are
set
in
araye
.
fol.
lxxiii
.
To
auoide
,
that
the
enemy
compasse
thee
not
.
fol.
lxxviii
.
Of
that
,
whiche
appertayneth
to
a
prudent
Captayne
,
when
he
hath
to
faight
with
a
fewe
men
,
against
a
great
multitude
.
fol.
lxxix
.
The
assaulting
the
enemyes
behinde
at
vnawares
,
putteth
them
in
most
great
terrour
,
and
is
of
incredible
profite
.
fol.
lxxxv
.
The
office
of
a
wyse
Capitayne
is
,
to
place
to gether
in
the
rankes
,
the
brethren
with
brothers
,
and
feendes
with
frendes
,
fol.
lxxxvi
.
Of
Commaundementes
,
wauinges
,
and
signes
.
fol.
lxxxvii
.
Of
the
order
that
ought
to
be
obserued
.
fol.
xc
.
Nothing
is
better
,
more
safer
,
nor
more
surer
,
then
for
men
to
obserue
order
,
and
to
stande
stil
in
their
place
.
fol.
xci
.
The
cryes
,
the
noyse
of
armour
,
and
the
sound
of
trompettes
,
wonderfullye
troubleth
and
feareth
the
mindes
of
the
enemyes
.
fol.
xci
.
The
Capitaine
often
tymes
,
seyng
the
prepatation
of
the
enemies
,
is
constrained
to
accomodate
,
and
to
ordayne
his
men
according
to
the
armours
,
the
men
&
maner
of
the
same
.
fol.
xciii
.
It
is
not
a
laudable
thing
for
a
Capitayne
,
to
cast
him selfe
with
all
his
men
,
into
the
handes
of
chaunce
.
fol.
xcv
.
In
a
thing
vncertayne
,
it
is
better
with
boldnes
,
not
onelye
to
auoyde
the
ouerthrowe
,
but
also
to
seke
to
hurt
the
enemy
.
fol.
xcv
.
The
office
of
the
Capitayne
whylest
the
battaile
is
a
faightyng
.
fol.
xcviii
Many
tymes
the
death
of
the
Capitaine
hapning
,
the
reputation
of
fortunate
successes
doe
upayre
fol.
Ci.
Of
that
,
which
the
Capitaine
hath
to
doe
after
the
deede
of
Armes
.
fol.
Ciii
.
The
Souldiers
ought
to
be
partakers
of
the
gayne
.
fol.
Ciiii.
So
long
as
the
warre
lasteth
,
the
prisoners
ought
not
to
be
put
to
death
.
fol.
Cvi
.
The
feastes
and
triumphes
,
after
the
victory
.
fol.
Cvii
.
Of
burying
them
which
in
the
battayle
haue
bene
slayne
.
fol.
Cviii.
Often
tymes
the
happy
succes
of
the
act
,
hath
bene
of
greater
damage
,
then
the
receiued
ouerthrow
.
fol.
Cix
.
To
feare
,
where
is
nedefull
,
and
when
the
time
requires
,
is
the
property
of
a
man
,
whiche
politikely
foresees
his
busines
.
fol.
C.
x.
It
is
a
straunge
,
and
foolishe
thing
,
a
man
not
to
defende
him selfe
from
perrtiles
.
fol.
Cxii
.
Howe
the
Capitayne
oughte
to
behaue
him selfe
to
bringe
a
Citye
to
yeide
.
fol.
Cxiii
.
Nothing
filleth
the
myndes
of
men
so
muche
with
vakantnes
,
as
the
iminente
feare
of
peryll
.
fol.
Exiiii
.
All
profes
,
whiche
is
made
against
desperate
men
,
are
difficult
and
perilous
.
fol.
Cxiiii
.
Fidelity
is
to
be
vsed
with
traytors
.
fol.
Exv.
Of
treason
by
nighte
,
&
of
vnderstanding
the
course
of
the
starres
.
fol.
Exvi
.
A
way
to
take
by
day
,
a
City
or
castle
by
treason
.
fol.
Exviii
.
The
sodayne
inuasions
,
and
not
looked
for
,
comming
vpon
men
,
contrary
to
their
opinion
,
are
wont
greuously
to
trouble
the
enemy
.
fol.
Cxix
In
laying
sege
to
a
City
,
aboue
all
thinges
,
the
vertue
of
the
capitayn
is
most
nedeful
.
fol.
Cxx.
The
thing
that
is
done
by
nighte
,
is
wont
to
seeme
most
terrible
.
fol.
Cxxi
The
multitude
,
not
so
muche
wyth
threatninges
is
compelled
to
do
thinges
,
as
they
are
moued
with
shame
,
&
of
the
reuerence
towardes
their
superiours
.
fol.
Cxxiii
The
Capitaine
ought
when
time
requires
,
to
make
such
a
trustye
man
his
deputy
,
which
for
reputation
&
auctority
is
next
to
him
.
fol.
cxxviii
.
The
reuenge
,
is
to
be
forborne
against
those
that
haue
bene
ouercome
.
fol.
Cxxxii.
The
way
that
is
to
be
vsed
to
take
a
city
,
which
by
force
of
armes
cannot
be
ouercome
.
fo.
cxxxiiii
Of
the
behauior
which
the
Capitaine
ought
to
vse
after
the
war
is
ended
.
fol.
Cxxxv.
How
enuy
is
to
haue
grieft
of
the
prosperity
of
other
:
and
howe
emulation
,
is
the
desire
to
imitate
the
vertue
of
other
men
.
fol.
Cxxxv.
The
ende
of
the
Table
.
¶
Imprynted
at
London
,
by
Wyllyam
Seres
,
dwellinge
at
the
West
end
of
Paules
,
at
the
sygne
of
the
Hedgehogge
.
¶
Cum
priuilegio
ad
imprimendum
solum
.
Anno.
1563.