SYMMACHIA
Or
A
true-loues
knot
.
AS
there
is
nothing
of
more
moment
(
in
humane
considerations
)
for
the
advancement
of
religion
,
then
the
supportance
,
fauoure
,
and
protection
of
potent
Princes
and
States
,
who
are
or
ought
to
be
nurseing
Fathers
and
nurseing
Mothers
to
this
end
:
soe
there
is
nothing
of
more
moment
to
inable
the
Kingdome
of
greate
Brittanie
and
the
Vnited
Provinces
to
be
such
(
since
the
cheefe
butthen
and
honor
of
this
worke
lies
vpon
their
shoulders
)
then
to
vnite
themselues
in
perfect
amitie
togither
.
The
enemye
both
to
our
Religion
and
State
seemes
to
obserue
this
better
then
our selues
;
since
they
haue
vsed
all
endeauors
to
make
breaches
betwixt
vs
,
and
to
keepe
vs
off
from
each
other
at
an
vnprofitable
distance
,
where
the
force
of
our
cold
amitie
could
haue
no
powrefull
effect
to
assist
each
other
,
or
oppose
them
.
They
haue
preuailed
very
farre
to
thir
end
,
especially
vpon
that
part
where
they
had
least
hope
,
and
where
they
imployde
the
least
force
of
their
witt
,
I
meane
vpon
the
Netherlandish
side
where
jelousie
(
to
see
vs
treate
with
the
enemye
)
hath
caused
many
people
in
the
Vnited
Provinces
to
behaue
themselues
towards
vs
,
as
Coy
Dames
vse
to
doe
,
who
thinke
to
winne
their
louers
to
more
longing
,
by
rude
tricks
of
vnkindenes
.
I
intend
not
to
repeate
the
particulars
,
least
I
should
be
thought
,
rather
to
reuiue
old
quarrells
by
renueing
there
memorie
,
then
to
stop
farther
breaches
by
burying
all
fomer
iniuries
in
obliuion
.
Yet
I
must
say
,
that
if
they
should
thinke
,
wee
put
vp
those
affronts
offered
to
our
Nation
in
Groenlant
and
the
east
Indyes
,
eyther
out
of
feare
of
their
strength
,
or
our
owne
weakenes
,
they
should
iniurie
vs
no
lesse
in
the
conceit
,
then
they
haue
done
in
the
act
.
Religion
only
hath
bownd
our
hands
,
and
wee
are
satisfied
that
the
State
doth
disclame
it
,
and
cast
it
vpon
priuate
persons
;
otherwise
wee
were
as
well
able
to
scourge
them
,
as
to
defend
them
from
scourging
.
It
were
an
ingratefull
part
in
them
,
whilst
wee
indanger
our selues
by
houlding
vp
theire
chinnes
,
to
keepe
them
from
sincking
,
that
they
s'hould
with
their
heeles
kick
vs
vnder
water
.
But
because
wee
beleeve
and
know
,
that
these
wronges
proceede
not
from
the
State
,
but
from
such
persons
(
for
the
most
part
on
both
sides
)
as
loue
Mammon
better
then
Christ
,
and
count
gaine
the
only
godlyness
,
therefore
wee
are
not
apt
to
heare
or
beleeue
all
that
is
suggested
,
nor
to
see
all
that
is
true
,
but
to
hope
and
promise
our selues
better
vse
for
the
future
;
since
they
knowe
and
must
confess
,
that
neyther
themselues
,
not
the
proudest
or
potentest
Nation
vpon
earth
,
can
vpon
equall
terms
(
without
politick
surprisall
)
assure
themselues
to
beate
vs
and
be
our
Masters
;
nor
dare
(
without
manifest
advantage
)
prouoke
vs
to
the
triall
.
But
since
humor
hath
beene
soe
stird
vpon
both
sides
,
that
Prudence
and
moderation
hath
had
enough
to
doe
to
keepe
vs
from
breaking
out
into
blowes
,
it
was
a
timely
worke
of
wisedome
in
their
State
to
seeke
to
stop
the
gap
,
and
a
gratious
worke
of
our
prudent
prince
to
giue
them
audience
(
notwithstanding
the
contrarie
noise
which
buz'd
about
his
eares
)
and
to
renue
that
ancient
league
betwixt
vs
,
which
was
like
to
breake
into
enmitie
.
The
foole
hardy
can
charge
hotly
and
ingage
a
State
in
warre
,
it
must
be
the
wise
and
aduised
who
only
know
how
to
make
an
honorable
retreite
.
It
is
fit
vpon
both
sides
,
that
now
this
league
is
renued
,
wee
should
be
more
carefull
hereafter
to
preserue
it
,
then
heeretofore
wee
haue
beene
.
And
to
indeere
the
merrit
of
our
State
in
this
respect
,
it
is
fit
to
touch
vpon
some
particulars
whereby
our
Kindenes
to
them
may
be
discerned
,
therby
to
beget
reciprocall
kindenes
in
them
toward
vs
.
1.
Obserue
first
wee
were
the
parties
wronged
,
and
they
the
wrongers
:
yet
they
stood
stifly
out
and
sought
no
reconcilement
,
till
wee
vnderhand
,
seeing
their
necessitie
,
both
inticed
them
to
seeke
,
and
assured
them
to
finde
what
they
sought
.
Heerein
,
being
their
superiors
in
force
,
wee
shewed
our selues
not
to
be
their
inferiors
in
wisedome
,
which
the
wisest
amongst
them
will
acknowledge
,
though
the
weake
will
not
see
it
,
but
attri
,
bute
all
to
our
duty
;
as
if
they
ouer-reached
vs
in
wit
,
when
it
is
only
wee
that
ouer-reach
them
in
Kindenes
.
2.
Observe
the
motion
of
the
whole
body
of
the
State
in
Parliament
,
the
concurrance
of
Nobles
,
Clergie
,
and
Commons
in
this
case
of
theirs
;
their
humble
earnest
and
vnanimous
sutite
to
his
Majestie
for
this
end
,
their
speedy
and
carefull
(
that
I
may
not
say
curious
)
penning
of
the
Lawe
for
their
assistance
,
equally
as
for
our
owne
Kingdomes
,
in
these
wordes
.
Most
gratious
souvereigne
,
wee
your
Majesties
most
humble
,
faithfull
,
and
loueing
subjectes
,
by
your
Royal
authoritie
now
assembled
in
your
high
Court
of
Parliament
,
haueing
entred
into
serious
and
due
consideration
of
the
weightie
and
most
important
causes
,
which
at
this
tyme
more
then
at
any
other
tyme
heeretofore
,
doe
presse
your
Majestie
,
to
a
much
greater
expence
and
charge
then
your
owne
treasure
alone
can
at
this
present
support
and
manietaine
;
and
likewise
of
the
iniuries
and
indignities
which
haue
beene
lately
offered
to
your
Maiestie
and
your
children
,
vnder
coloure
and
du●eing
the
tyme
of
the
Treatyes
for
the
Marriage
with
Spaine
,
and
the
restitution
of
the
Palatinate
,
which
in
this
Parliament
haue
beene
cleerely
discouverd
and
layed
open
vnto
vs
,
and
withalll
,
what
humble
aduice
,
with
one
consent
and
voyce
,
wee
haue
giuen
vnto
your
Maiestie
,
to
dissolue
those
Treatyes
which
your
Maiestie
hath
beene
gratiously
pleased
,
to
our
exceeding
joy
and
comfort
,
fully
to
yeeld
vnto
,
and
accordingly
haue
made
your
publique
declaration
for
the
reall
and
vtter
dissolution
of
them
,
by
meanes
where
of
your
Maiestie
may
be
happilie
ingaged
in
a
sudden
warre
:
wee
in
all
humblenesse
most
ready
and
willing
to
giue
vnto
your
Maiestie
,
and
the
whole
world
,
an
ample
,
testimonie
of
our
dutifull
affectons
,
and
sincere
intentions
to
assist
yow
therein
,
For
the
maintenance
of
that
warre
that
may
heere
vpon
ensue
,
and
more
particularly
for
the
defence
of
this
your
Realme
of
England
,
the
secureing
of
your
Kingdome
of
Ireland
,
the
assistance
of
your
Neighbours
,
the
States
of
the
vnited
Provinces
,
and
other
your
Majesties
friends
and
allies
,
And
for
the
setting
foorth
of
your
Royal
Nauie
,
wee
haue
resolued
to
giue
for
the
present
the
greatest
ayde
which
euer
was
granted
in
Parliament
,
to
be
leiued
in
so
short-à
tyme
:
And
therefore
wee
doe
humbly
beseech
your
Maiestie
,
&c.
Thus
yow
see
in
the
body
of
our
Lawe
the
State
of
the
vnited
Provinces
is
specially
nominated
,
and
ranged
in
vnion
with
his
Maiesties
Kingdomes
of
England
and
Ireland
,
and
the
gift
limited
for
the
defence
especially
of
those
three
.
Which
,
though
selfconceited
eyes
ouersee
,
yet
is
argues
much
respect
and
loue
;
neyther
doe
I
beleeue
they
haue
giuen
or
receiued
the
like
acknowledgement
before
to
or
from
any
other
State
;
nor
can
wee
redely
finde
in
Historie
the
like
interchange
of
loue
betwixt
forteigne
people
,
recorded
.
2.
Obserue
the
most
excellent
Prince
of
Wales
his
forwardnes
and
extraordinarie
diligence
to
accomplish
this
worke
;
I
dare
not
say
,
whatsoeuer
I
thinke
,
that
the
whole
frame
was
first
of
his
composure
,
but
I
am
sure
he
was
a
principall
Agent
in
the
happy
conclusion
.
3.
Obserue
his
Maiestie
how
readely
and
gladly
he
granted
when
it
cam
to
the
vpshot
:
soe
that
he
seemed
to
hold
off
before
for
politique
respectes
;
First
,
to
beget
a
feeleing
in
our
friends
of
their
owne
estate
,
who
did
not
,
in
his
Maiesties
judgement
,
seeme
sensible
enough
,
for
a
long
tyme
,
eyther
of
their
owne
danger
,
or
of
this
his
royall
fauoure
and
benefite
.
Secondly
,
to
make
his
owne
subiectes
the
more
eager
and
earnest
by
the
delay
,
and
so
giue
them
tyme
to
debate
the
businesse
,
to
vnderstand
the
charitie
and
vtilitie
of
the
worke
,
and
to
open
their
purses
the
wider
.
Thirdly
to
secure
the
Enemye
by
this
meanes
,
till
all
were
ready
,
that
so
wee
might
reflect
vpon
them
,
by
a
thinne
and
slight
shadow
the
open
and
grosse
iniuryes
they
had
done
vs
before
,
vnder
the
couerture
of
treatyes
and
trust
.
Now
for
the
better
vnderstanding
of
his
Maiesties
minde
,
in
all
pointes
proportionable
to
this
description
,
I
haue
inserted
his
privy
Counsels
letter
to
the
Lords
Lifetenants
of
Sheeres
in
England
,
for
the
assistinge
of
the
Earls
and
Commanders
in
rayseing
men
within
their
seuerall
Countyes
,
and
that
by
his
Majesties
speciall
direction
,
for
the
ayde
of
the
Vnited
Provinces
.
AFter
our
harty
commendations
to
your
good
Lordshippes
,
whereas
the
States
Generall
of
the
united
Provinces
haue
by
theyr
Ambassadors
humbly
solicited
his
Maiestie
as
wel
to
renewe
the
anciant
defensiue
league
betweene
his
Kingdomes
and
their
Provinces
,
as
also
to
permit
them
for
the
better
confirmation
thereof
,
to
rayse
some
good
number
of
voluntary
souldiers
within
his
Dominions
,
to
be
imployed
in
theyr
service
in
these
hazardous
times
,
when
the
Emperour
,
and
the
Romish
Catholique
league
are
preparing
,
and
drawinge
downe
towards
theyr
Countreyes
,
divers
great
and
threatniug
Troopes
to
joyne
with
those
Armies
,
that
allreadie
lye
vpon
theyr
frontiers
,
ready
to
take
the
first
opportunitie
of
advantage
against
them
.
And
that
his
Majestie
in
a
constant
pursuite
of
the
good
amitie
and
correspondentie
with
those
Provinces
,
hath
treated
,
and
concluded
a
league
with
theyr
Ambassadors
,
and
giuen
way
and
permission
for
the
raysinge
of
six
thousand
voluntary
souldiers
for
theyr
service
and
assistance
,
for
theyr
better
strength
,
and
defence
against
those
forces
of
the
Emperour
,
and
Romishe
Catholique
league
:
Which
his
Maiestie
hath
the
rather
assented
to
,
in
regard
of
his
owne
interest
,
both
for
the
security
of
his
owne
Dominions
,
and
the
great
part
his
sonne
in
Law
,
his
onely
daughter
,
and
his
grand
children
haue
in
the
preservation
of
the
Vnited
Provinces
where
they
now
remaine
as
refugers
.
And
because
the
time
of
the
yeare
is
so
farre
spent
,
as
it
will
be
requisite
to
vse
all
possible
expedition
in
the
raysing
and
transportation
of
these
men
,
We
haue
thought
it
requisite
to
giue
your
Lordshippes
this
intimation
of
his
Maiesties
good
pleasure
,
and
assent
for
the
levyinge
of
the
sayde
voluntaryes
,
to
the
end
you
may
not
onely
permit
,
and
further
our
very
good
Lords
,
the
Earles
of
Oxford
,
Southampton
,
and
Essex
,
and
the
Lord
Willoughby
(
appointed
Collonels
)
and
for
that
purpose
deputed
by
the
States
Ambassadors
,
and
such
other
Captaines
,
and
officiers
vnder
them
as
they
shall
substitute
,
to
leavy
and
take
vp
such
voluntary
souldiers
,
as
sball
be
willing
to
goe
ouer
in
theyr
company
;
but
that
withall
you
affoord
them
your
best
direction
,
assistance
,
and
furtherance
therein
,
and
giue
notice
of
this
his
Maiesties
pleasure
to
the
deputie
Lieutenantes
,
Iustices
of
peace
,
and
other
his
Maiesties
Ministers
within
the
precinct
of
your
Lieutenancy
To
which
we
doubt
not
,
but
you
will
all
readily
and
effectually
apply
your selues
both
in
respect
of
the
generall
cause
,
and
for
the
ease
and
benefit
the
Countrey
will
finde
in
being
disburthened
of
many
vnnecessary
persons
that
now
want
imployment
,
and
liue
lewdly
,
or
vnprofitably
in
the
Countrey
.
And
if
any
of
those
voluntaries
shall
after
they
haue
accepted
impresse
money
and
so
ingaged
themselues
into
the
service
,
withdrawe
themselues
,
or
runne
away
from
theyr
Captaines
,
or
Conductor
,
his
Maiesties
pleasure
is
,
that
vpon
any
such
complainte
,
you
yeeld
your
best
assistance
for
the
apprehendinge
and
recoueringe
of
those
fugitives
,
and
them
to
comit
to
prison
vntill
they
submit
themselues
,
or
otherwise
punish
them
,
as
is
vsuall
in
such
cases
.
And
so
we
bid
your
Lordshippes
hartly
farewell
.
20
of
Iune
.
1624.
4.
Obserue
the
Peoples
willingnes
generally
to
offer
themselues
to
this
seruice
,
and
the
expression
of
extraordinarye
ioy
assoone
as
they
heard
the
Drummes
beate
,
and
that
the
intent
of
their
intertaniement
was
published
,
to
serue
the
States
of
the
Vnited
Provinces
against
the
King
of
Spaine
and
the
Arch-Duchesse
;
soe
that
these
wordes
were
forced
to
be
altered
by
command
,
for
present
respects
of
State
.
5.
Obserue
the
Nobles
,
and
those
none
of
the
meanest
,
striueing
for
imployment
in
this
warre
,
not
for
the
gaines
of
these
poore
and
(
in
comparison
of
them
)
petty
places
,
but
to
honor
their
Nation
,
to
shew
the
world
amongst
what
people
they
were
nobles
,
to
defend
religion
and
that
State
which
ioynes
with
our
owne
to
defend
it
,
to
countenance
the
cause
,
to
deter
the
enemye
,
to
hold
the
Common
man
vpon
the
right
side
,
to
assure
the
adverse
part
what
ayde
he
is
to
expect
from
vs
,
and
to
stop
the
mouth
of
the
clamorous
Marchant
,
who
,
though
he
had
iust
cause
to
crye
,
yet
cryes
now
in
an
vnseasonable
tyme
,
and
will
therefore
learne
to
giue
ouer
vaine
clamoures
whilst
he
beholds
the
Peeres
are
ingaged
in
the
worke
which
he
would
hinder
.
And
heere
I
cannot
but
present
this
glasse
to
the
v●w
of
many
young
Nobles
and
Gentiles
in
these
parts
of
the
Vnited
Provinces
,
who
whilst
their
Countrie
is
assaulted
by
malitious
Enemyes
,
and
defended
by
honorable
strangers
,
both
of
our
and
other
Nations
,
sit
still
themselues
and
lend
no
hand
to
helpe
it
,
but
hold
it
rather
a
greate
indignitie
to
be
a
souldiar
.
These
must
needes
be
ignorant
of
their
owne
honorable
rootes
,
which
first
sprung
from
Armes
and
must
be
by
that
most
honorable
profession
mainetained
whereof
those
swordes
are
witnesses
,
which
none
but
Gentlemen
weare
amongst
them
.
And
I
am
perswaded
therefore
,
this
grosse
and
effeminate
conceite
,
is
bred
amongst
them
,
eyther
by
their
too
tender
Mothers
,
who
had
rather
see
their
Country
perish
,
then
to
behold
their
children
hazard
themselues
for
the
safeguard
of
it
;
or
from
their
Anabaptisticall
neighbours
who
suppose
(
erroniously
)
all
armes
to
be
Antichristian
;
or
from
the
Malignant
papist
,
who
though
he
hath
the
libertie
of
his
conscience
amongst
them
,
yet
because
he
may
not
haue
the
free
and
publique
exercise
of
his
superstition
,
wisheth
the
Spanish
iron
yoke
ouer
the
neck
of
the
Belgick
lyon
,
and
deters
his
owne
,
and
others
,
from
their
Countryes
seruice
,
and
hates
such
to
death
,
as
serue
to
secure
his
libertie
and
life
.
But
to
returne
to
our
matter
,
and
to
manifest
our
generall
willingnes
and
allacritie
for
the
vndertaking
of
there
defence
;
I
would
neither
haue
the
Common
people
ignorant
,
nor
yet
think
vs
so
stupid
not
to
vnderstand
the
benefite
of
this
defensiue
ayde
sent
ouer
to
them
at
this
present
,
which
is
greater
then
at
first
sight
itappeareth
to
all
eyes
.
For
besides
that
wee
helpe
to
defend
there
frontires
at
our
owne
charge
,
which
all
see
,
wee
also
spend
the
meanes
,
which
wee
receiue
out
of
England
,
amongst
them
also
,
so
they
haue
the
vse
both
of
our
men
and
monye
,
which
makes
tradeing
something
quicker
setting
many
trades
on
worke
,
and
filling
the
publique
purse
something
fuller
by
excise
and
other
dutyes
,
which
all
obserue
not
.
What
ready
mony
hath
beene
disbursed
in
their
Countrie
for
Hats
,
Armes
,
and
other
necessaries
to
furnish
these
troopes
is
apparant
to
all
,
and
the
laborious
Tradesman
tastes
of
the
dooble
benefite
,
and
will
blesse
God
for
it
,
howesoeuer
the
ignorant
and
insoleut
will
not
acknowledge
to
haue
receiued
heereby
so
much
as
a
single
curtesie
.
For
I
heare
them
obiect
,
in
scorne
,
that
all
this
is
not
giuen
but
lent
,
they
must
repay
it
.
True
,
as
they
did
the
money
for
the
Cantionarie
townes
of
Flushing
in
Zeland
,
and
the
Briell
,
in
Holland
,
with
the
Castle
of
Ramekins
in
the
Iseland
of
Waltheren
which
came
to
818000
lb
,
which
first
vpon
suite
to
his
Maiestie
they
instald
for
40000
by
the
yeere
,
and
continued
the
payment
thereof
for
fiue
yeeres
,
but
after
,
finding
it
heauy
,
they
againe
sought
ease
of
his
Maiestie
,
and
gratiously
obtayned
a
generall
release
and
possession
of
their
townes
and
Castle
for
the
summe
of
200000
payde
to
his
highnesse
,
and
of
25000
,
assigned
by
his
Maiesties
bownty
towards
the
reward
of
the
Officers
.
Which
abatement
proceeded
neither
from
our
want
(
for
then
it
had
beene
a
most
vnthankefull
part
in
them
,
not
equally
to
respect
our
want
in
the
repayment
,
as
wee
did
their
in
the
lending
)
nor
out
of
the
excesse
of
their
witt
(
as
some
would
arrogantly
haue
it
)
but
out
of
there
humble
suite
,
and
his
Maiesties
grations
and
ready
graunt
:
Who
considering
what
became
his
honor
would
giue
rather
then
receiue
,
and
would
not
defraude
that
trust
which
was
reposed
in
his
predecessor
,
and
so
successiuely
in
him
,
but
redeliuered
the
Keyes
of
their
Country
into
their
owne
possession
againe
.
And
this
may
teach
them
to
see
that
it
is
not
in
the
power
of
one
Stanly
or
one
Yorke
,
to
staine
the
honor
of
a
Nation
;
but
they
may
as
safely
trust
vs
,
as
themselues
;
prouided
they
be
sure
of
their
religion
whome
they
trust
.
If
they
be
careles
in
admitting
Captaynes
and
officers
,
they
may
well
suspect
such
so
admittted
:
but
if
they
know
them
faithfull
to
God
,
they
neede
not
doubt
their
fidelity
to
them
.
And
it
is
not
only
ours
,
but
all
other
Nations
,
yea
their
owne
most
of
all
,
who
are
to
be
suspected
and
so
kept
from
Command
,
if
eyther
they
bee
of
no
religion
or
popishly
affected
:
If
of
none
,
then
they
are
for
any
Deuill
that
will
tempt
them
(
and
Mammon
especially
is
then
the
God
they
worship
)
if
popish
,
then
they
are
for
Antichrist
,
and
so
for
the
Catholique
King
,
who
is
his
best
beloued
sonne
,
and
like
to
be
the
heyre
of
all
that
he
can
giue
him
.
For
he
vseth
his
ecclesiasticall
Keyes
to
no
other
end
,
but
to
open
and
shut
the
heart
,
and
all
other
houlds
,
for
the
intertainement
of
the
Spanish
pompe
and
pride
,
and
for
the
inlargement
of
that
quintessentiall
Monarchie
,
though
the
spirit
of
God
by
the
Mouth
of
Daniell
say
the
contrary
neuer
so
peremtorily
and
plainely
.
But
some
obiect
the
Kinges
bownty
in
this
respect
proceeded
from
the
consideration
of
his
owne
charge
,
which
he
should
haue
beene
at
in
keepeing
those
places
,
meerely
for
the
proffit
of
the
vnited
Provinces
.
Perhaps
indeede
this
was
the
cause
which
made
him
the
more
willing
to
part
with
them
,
vpon
their
suite
,
and
his
Counsells
aduice
:
but
this
doth
not
lessen
his
bownty
,
not
their
obligation
.
For
to
keepe
a
chargeable
gage
,
for
an
other
mans
benefit
,
so
long
as
the
owner
pleaseth
,
to
restore
it
safely
and
better
in
euery
refpect
then
it
was
at
the
first
ingagement
,
and
that
when
the
owner
desires
it
,
and
vpon
no
termes
of
aduantage
but
vpon
such
as
he
himselfe
prescribes
,
witnesseth
extraordinary
honestie
in
the
lender
and
deserues
extraordinary
thankfulnes
from
the
borrower
.
Indeede
the
first
motion
for
reddidition
of
these
places
proceeded
,
perhaps
,
from
some
who
wished
well
to
the
Spaniard
,
and
did
not
like
the
continuance
of
this
their
dependancie
vpon
England
,
who
was
by
these
cautions
really
and
perpetually
in
point
of
honor
,
and
proffit
,
and
interest
,
ingaged
for
the
defense
of
their
State
and
title
equally
with
themselues
:
And
this
was
seconded
by
a
windie
humor
bred
in
a
few
others
by
prosperitie
and
peace
,
which
looked
not
so
farre
as
the
first
mouersayme
,
but
supposeing
themselues
able
to
stand
vpon
their
owne
feete
,
thought
scorne
to
hold
any
longer
of
others
,
and
began
to
meditate
how
to
forget
the
hand
that
helped
them
vp
,
and
to
requite
that
curtesie
with
quarrells
:
which
they
could
not
doe
safely
(
they
saw
)
whilst
wee
had
those
pawnes
in
our
custody
.
But
for
the
carriage
of
our
Queene
of
blessed
memoire
deceased
,
of
our
present
souuereigne
,
of
our
Counsell
and
State
in
generall
,
there
was
no
passage
eyther
in
the
first
taking
of
them
on
,
in
the
holding
,
or
restroreing
of
them
,
but
sauours
of
religion
and
honor
in
all
apprehensions
,
and
will
do
so
to
all
generations
heereafter
.
Againe
they
obiect
that
our
present
ayde
lent
them
is
for
our
owne
sake
;
since
our
Parliament
generally
apprehended
these
Countryes
to
be
as
the
bulwarks
or
at
least
as
the
Counterscarfe
and
outworks
of
our
owne
land
:
and
it
was
wisely
sayde
of
a
greate
Commander
in
his
speech
made
to
the
Parliament
,
Anno
1621.
that
if
wee
loose
the
Counterscarfe
though
it
be
beyond
the
ditch
,
the
whole
fortification
is
accounted
lost
.
For
the
Rampie●
serues
but
for
a
defence
to
make
composition
,
so
that
if
wee
wil
be
content
to
loose
the
counterscarfe
,
then
wee
must
presently
thinke
of
nothing
but
making
a
faire
composition
,
or
such
,
at
least
,
as
the
besieger
will
afford
vs
.
And
wee
willingly
ackowledg
this
to
be
a
truth
,
wishing
them
to
do
vs
good
for
their
owne
sake
,
as
they
see
vs
do
them
good
as
they
say
for
our
owne
sake
.
If
wee
count
them
our
out-workes
(
as
wee
doe
)
they
ought
to
count
vs
as
the
marketplace
,
or
Sanctwary
or
heart
of
the
Citty
which
those
outworkes
are
appointed
to
guard
.
They
count
themselues
and
the
world
generally
and
worthely
counts
them
,
to
be
a
wise
,
politique
,
and
prouident
people
;
let
them
therefore
shew
it
in
this
particular
,
loueing
vs
and
doeing
vs
all
the
good
they
can
piouslie
for
religion
sake
,
curteouslie
and
readely
for
neibourhoods
sake
,
faithfull
for
friendships
sake
,
or
at
least
politiquely
for
their
owne
sakes
.
Againe
they
obiect
our
people
are
imployde
by
this
meanes
,
and
so
our
State
pruned
,
drayned
,
and
disburthened
of
many
vnruly
and
vnnecessarie
members
.
This
is
very
true
also
;
for
our
nation
(
as
ranke
soyles
yeeld
many
weedes
,
and
ranke
witts
many
extrauagancies
)
bringes
forth
many
people
,
and
withall
spirits
of
extraordinary
temper
for
the
warre
;
which
might
be
attributed
to
our
diet
(
since
wee
eate
more
solid
flesh
then
any
other
Nation
in
Europe
)
but
that
wee
likewise
finde
all
that
is
bred
in
our
Climate
(
as
appears
by
our
Mastiues
and
Cocks
of
the
game
)
are
of
a
more
noble
and
generous
straine
(
as
I
may
say
)
then
many
others
.
These
fiery
Spirits
are
often
most
vnruly
,
so
that
their
parents
are
weary
of
them
,
and
seeing
they
will
take
no
course
to
liue
otherwise
,
cloth
them
furnish
them
with
mony
,
and
expose
them
to
the
warres
.
Many
of
these
haue
the
wit
and
grace
to
come
ouer
well
pronided
,
as
their
parents
send
them
on
t
:
others
will
not
leaue
England
till
their
Mony
be
spent
,
their
clothes
worne
out
,
and
then
ashamed
,
with
the
prodigall
,
to
returne
home
for
new
supplyes
,
they
come
ouer
into
these
parts
ragged
(
as
wee
see
)
a
shame
to
their
parents
and
Nation
.
Others
leaue
their
trades
,
and
runne
from
their
Masters
;
and
this
is
the
true
canse
of
these
ragged
and
naked
regiments
,
where
you
may
see
good
bodyes
of
Men
,
very
ill
apparrelled
.
And
by
these
ofscoureings
,
men
Gess
at
the
pouerty
of
our
State
,
forgetting
they
come
,
though
naked
,
from
the
land
of
Broad-cloth
,
and
that
this
raggednes
of
theirs
,
in
so
rich
a
Countrie
,
is
one
euident
note
that
they
are
made
and
marked
out
,
for
the
warres
.
Indeede
therefore
wee
confesse
these
men
finde
imployment
heere
by
this
meanes
and
withall
this
State
findes
defence
.
Besides
the
stock
is
our
owne
,
wherewithall
they
are
set
to
worke
:
for
wee
,
with
our
owne
monye
!
,
clothe
them
,
furnish
and
arme
them
in
all
points
compleat
for
the
feild
,
with
this
charge
,
that
they
should
fight
for
these
Prouinces
as
they
would
fight
for
Brittanie
.
And
were
it
not
in
regard
of
Religion
(
which
wee
alwayes
prize
and
preferre
before
all
other
respects
)
and
in
regard
of
the
safety
of
both
States
,
which
equally
concernes
vs
,
wee
could
haue
the
same
imployment
against
them
which
wee
haue
now
for
them
,
and
that
vpon
fatre
better
termes
.
Where
then
were
they
(
but
that
these
respects
do
tye
vs
to
them
)
if
our
King
(
which
God
forbid
)
should
send
so
much
monye
and
so
many
men
against
them
to
the
Enemye
?
The
most
purplind
and
partiall
person
may
see
the
issue
,
and
so
behold
this
benefite
,
in
the
contrary
danger
.
To
tempt
vs
with
iniuryes
therefore
,
and
not
to
see
their
owne
instant
necessitie
,
because
the
necessity
which
we
politiquely
feare
&
would
preuent
stands
in
their
light
,
is
an
intollerable
ouersight
vnworthie
of
their
wisedomes
.
To
presume
they
may
do
vs
hurt
without
danger
,
because
wee
will
doe
them
none
,
but
indanger
our selues
to
keepe
them
from
hurt
(
as
being
most
carefull
of
their
wellfare
with
respect
to
our
owne
assurance
and
theirs
in
common
)
is
a
madness
beyond
all
measure
.
As
if
I
should
rob
my
neighboure
and
vndoe
him
,
because
I
know
him
busied
in
watching
my
house
,
to
saue
me
and
himselfe
from
robbing
and
vndoeing
.
Since
now
wee
haue
sufficiently
declared
our
owne
kindeness
,
in
wooing
the
vnited
Provinces
to
reciprocall
curtesies
,
and
the
necessitie
of
our
standing
together
,
except
both
of
vs
intend
to
fall
;
I
proceede
breefely
to
perswade
both
Nations
to
take
better
notice
of
the
Enemyes
traines
and
deuises
inuented
to
deuide
vs
,
that
so
wee
may
vnite
our selues
to
each
other
more
closely
by
vndissoluable
knots
of
loue
and
amitie
.
And
because
these
troopes
of
English
newly
raised
may
some
of
them
out
of
ignorance
giue
or
take
offences
which
might
easely
be
auoyded
;
I
(
whose
care
and
study
it
is
to
do
good
offices
betwixt
them
,
and
to
preuent
what
is
possible
all
shadow
of
vnkindnes
which
may
arise
)
euen
in
the
least
circumstance
haue
vsed
that
liber●y
of
speech
in
the
discourse
hitherto
vnto
which
I
am
accustomed
and
naturally
inclined
:
Which
,
though
some
may
mis●●ke
who
neither
know
me
nor
the
matter
,
yet
I
knowe
such
honest
and
downe-right
freedome
to
be
most
fit
and
profitable
for
the
continueing
of
friendship
and
cleereing
of
the
case
,
which
liberty
I
desire
leaue
to
vse
in
that
which
followes
also
;
for
besides
that
the
strocks
of
a
friend
are
pleasant
,
in
being
profitable
,
I
vnderstand
this
busines
hath
need
of
plaine
dealeing
,
vnder
whose
seuere
conduct
all
affayres
prosper
,
better
then
in
the
perpetuall
Cockering
of
foolemakeing
and
foole-fauoring
flatterie
.
And
first
for
my
owne
Nation
,
I
desire
they
would
not
bee
too
iealous
,
captious
,
and
curious
in
takeing
vnkindnes
where
none
is
offerd
.
Some
persons
haue
the
trick
to
pinne
their
interests
and
particular
spleenes
vpon
the
publique
sleeue
:
and
so
what
they
haue
felt
or
do
feele
in
priuate
,
must
needes
bee
a
generall
greeuance
:
but
wee
must
be
wise
and
wary
,
not
to
suffer
quarrells
which
may
fall
betwixt
particulars
,
to
troble
or
disturbe
the
generall
peace
;
whilst
wee
see
those
iniuryes
are
not
backt
by
authoritie
,
and
made
vniversall
and
nationall
.
And
if
wee
must
not
suffer
real
actions
to
disturbe
our
affections
,
much
lesse
should
wee
permit
wordes
to
do
it
,
especially
euill
words
from
such
persons
as
haue
not
yet
learned
to
speake
well
.
It
is
true
that
Ladyes
and
gentlewoemen
passing
the
streets
in
strange
habits
,
do
often
penance
amongst
the
ruder
sort
,
(
as
appeared
by
that
most
vnciuill
and
barbarous
demeanoure
vsed
lately
towards
an
English
Lady
in
Amsterdam
who
desired
to
see
the
Cittie
,
and
supposed
all
gouvernements
to
be
as
ciuill
as
Londen
)
but
we
must
consider
the
same
set
of
people
would
wonder
asmuch
at
a
Parrat
or
Poppiniay
.
It
is
true
also
that
men
of
all
rankes
meete
often
amongst
boyes
words
of
reproch
;
but
,
besides
that
wee
cannot
altogither
cleere
our
owne
in
some
rude
places
from
that
barbarisme
,
what
should
such
words
of
scorne
spued
from
such
mouthes
moue
vs
?
Since
indeede
it
is
our
glory
to
be
those
English
Dogs
,
that
haue
holpen
the
Shepheards
to
chase
from
hence
the
Spanish
Wolues
,
who
else
would
haue
worryed
,
not
only
these
silly
Lambes
,
but
the
harmeles
and
innocent
Sheepe
,
their
Fathers
.
Let
not
this
stirre
the
courage
of
a
Man
to
fury
,
but
pitty
and
scorne
;
as
Lyons
vse
to
walke
with
contempt
amongst
barkeing
whelpes
,
whose
shrill
notes
are
musick
,
whilst
the
Puppies
bite
not
.
Assuredly
these
boyes
would
,
and
doe
too
often
,
vse
their
Parents
thus
;
they
know
no
better
;
they
neuer
learned
a
lesson
of
obedience
,
much
lesse
of
gratefullnes
,
to
honor
those
in
duty
who
defend
them
in
loue
,
and
often
fauours
them
as
the
Pellicane
doth
her
younge
,
whome
in
extremetie
,
she
fosters
and
cherisheth
with
her
owne
blood
.
It
wil
be
imputed
a
folly
to
me
to
touch
this
,
but
I
haue
seene
some
touched
with
it
.
It
often
falls
out
that
men
who
affect
honor
,
as
it
is
the
souldiars
ayme
,
are
more
offended
with
reproches
and
scornes
then
actual
iniuryes
.
And
if
it
were
not
so
,
these
spirits
would
not
sell
their
flesh
and
blood
so
cheape
,
farre
vnder
the
rate
of
beefe
,
or
mutton
,
veale
,
or
porke
,
nor
would
they
indure
heate
and
cold
,
and
hunger
and
thirst
,
when
seruants
(
haueing
more
wages
)
will
not
,
but
that
there
is
an
ayer
of
praise
and
hope
which
they
(
Camelion
like
)
feede
vpon
,
and
it
kills
their
hearts
to
heare
this
blowne
away
by
a
stinkeing
breath
with
disgracefull
language
.
It
were
easie
for
them
by
any
honest
trade
or
course
of
life
to
liue
well
in
their
owne
Countryes
,
for
meere
necessitie
doth
not
bring
them
ouer
hither
,
as
if
wee
wanted
meate
and
drinke
in
England
,
France
or
Scotland
,
but
eyther
they
are
brought
hither
to
be
punished
for
their
idlenes
,
&
because
they
would
not
at
home
doe
a
little
easie
worke
for
great
wages
,
are
forced
heere
,
as
in
a
house
of
correction
,
to
do
great
worke
,
yea
the
hardest
of
all
(
to
ouercome
manie
wants
,
and
difficulties
,
themselues
,
and
others
)
for
little
wages
:
Or
else
,
being
men
made
and
marked
out
for
the
warres
,
they
seeke
and
desire
this
kinde
of
life
,
and
would
chose
it
amongst
all
others
as
the
most
honorable
,
though
they
had
nothing
for
their
laboure
,
but
the
oportunity
and
lawfull
authority
,
to
erchange
knocks
freely
.
For
they
deale
for
honor
,
as
marchants
for
proffit
;
and
they
stampe
in
flesh
and
blood
,
as
the
other
mint
in
gold
and
siluer
.
Now
then
the
first
sort
meeteing
disgracefull
words
meets
but
his
desert
,
it
is
part
of
his
punishment
to
be
reproched
and
reuiled
:
but
this
latter
,
who
is
only
couetous
of
honor
,
takes
it
ill
,
to
haue
this
counterfeit
coine
of
disgrace
,
put
vpon
him
in
stead
of
currant
money
.
But
I
would
not
haue
any
of
these
latter
sort
looke
so
lowe
to
stoope
to
such
pettie
praise
,
nor
contrarilie
once
cast
their
eye
aside
to
these
sonnes
of
Belial
,
children
of
Bethell
,
who
would
mock
Elizeus
if
he
came
amonge
them
with
a
bald
head
or
a
strange
habit
,
Nay
rather
I
would
haue
them
doe
all
good
they
can
for
the
generall
State
of
these
Countries
,
with
respect
of
those
good
people
who
are
mixed
amonge
the
wicked
,
and
mourne
for
the
abhominations
which
are
done
in
the
Land
.
Deare
Countrimen
,
you
that
be
at
home
in
peace
,
pay
your
monyes
freely
for
the
supportance
and
defence
of
these
,
pray
for
them
with
vnfained
faith
;
and
you
,
worthyes
,
that
are
heere
,
fight
for
them
with
vndaunted
resolution
,
and
,
if
neede
bee
,
dye
for
them
with
comfort
and
cheerefulnes
euen
as
for
your
owne
Countrye
;
since
,
as
I
haue
manifested
,
the
warre
is
the
same
though
a
little
farther
remoued
,
and
besides
that
it
is
also
a
religious
warre
,
being
for
religion
,
if
the
warriours
themselues
haue
any
religion
in
them
.
Againe
I
am
to
exhort
my
Countrimen
,
who
are
comprehended
vnder
the
name
of
greate
Brittaines
,
to
shew
themselues
as
strong
being
now
vnited
,
as
they
haue
shewne
the
mselues
heeretofore
being
diuided
.
Let
both
the
English
and
Scottish
Nations
declare
by
action
that
they
haue
not
lost
their
old
hearts
by
takeing
vpon
them
a
new
name
;
but
that
they
are
the
sonnes
of
those
Fathers
whose
braue
blood
,
spilt
in
the
warres
,
hath
inriched
and
manured
these
feilds
,
with
France
,
Spaine
,
and
Palestine
,
and
are
ready
to
do
it
againe
for
the
propagation
of
Christian
Religion
,
and
for
gaineing
free
and
assured
passage
to
the
glorious
Gospell
of
our
Lord
lesus
Christ
.
Lastly
I
desire
&
exhort
with
all
earnestnes
that
they
would
be
carefull
to
serue
the
vnited
Provinces
faithfully
,
and
not
to
deceaue
them
in
the
least
respect
:
whilst
therein
they
serue
or
deceiue
their
owne
Prince
and
Country
,
with
whose
monyes
they
are
payde
,
and
shall
reape
praise
and
honor
or
shame
and
obloqui
of
their
friends
at
their
returne
home
according
as
they
behaue
themselues
in
these
imployments
abroade
.
And
now
haueing
done
with
our
owne
,
I
am
in
most
humble
manner
,
to
present
these
petitions
following
which
I
haue
learned
from
the
obseruation
of
my
Countrimen
to
the
considerations
of
my
superiors
in
these
parts
,
in
whose
power
it
is
to
redresse
the
enormities
thereby
to
declare
,
that
they
prize
vs
,
as
wee
doe
them
.
First
that
they
would
be
gratiously
pleased
,
to
heare
the
Old
soldi●rs
sueing
for
better
pay
,
and
desireing
to
be
discharged
oftheir
most
chargeable
and
vnconscionable
Sollicitours
,
who
eate
them
vp
by
lewish
vsurie
in
an
vnreasonable
manner
,
Soe
as
I
haue
heard
diuers
conscionable
Commanders
say
,
it
is
almost
impossible
for
an
Officer
to
liue
(
though
neuer
so
meanely
and
modestly
)
vpon
his
meanes
,
except
he
deceiued
the
State
or
Soldiar
;
Since
most
of
his
owne
meanes
is
swallowed
vp
by
the
sollicitor
.
O
that
it
would
enter
into
the
heart
of
those
prudent
Lordes
,
to
take
a
course
for
better
payment
,
that
the
Captaines
might
not
haue
iust
occasion
to
complaine
,
nor
Coloure
to
seeke
shifts
by
cursed
attestations
,
there
by
to
deceaue
the
Country
of
bodyes
,
and
themselues
of
soules
.
Then
your
Companyes
would
be
fuller
,
and
the
officer
would
serue
with
better
courage
,
because
with
better
conscience
.
Yea
then
,
if
deceite
should
be
vsed
or
offered
,
none
would
pitty
the
guilty
delinquent
,
though
he
were
made
an
publique
example
and
spectacle
of
fraude
,
vnworthy
his
profession
.
I
say
vnworthie
his
profession
,
for
I
know
,
whatsoeuer
othermen
vainely
thinke
,
that
a
reall
lye
is
more
dishonorable
(
though
custome
and
companie
cloudes
it
)
then
a
verball
,
which
is
so
haynous
to
the
eare
and
reputation
of
a
souldier
.
But
I
heare
an
obiection
against
this
suite
,
which
I
dare
not
mention
without
craueing
pardon
aforehand
,
and
this
it
is
,
as
they
say
,
God
knowes
the
truth
of
it
;
That
if
Sollicitors
were
discharged
and
better
payment
made
,
then
diuers
of
the
Natiues
should
loose
excellent
offices
,
the
Generall
State
let
goe
a
faire
improuement
,
and
diverse
great
persons
could
not
put
their
monyes
out
to
vsurie
vpon
such
vnreasonable
conditious
.
I
cannot
beleeue
this
profitable
sinne
,
can
barre
the
doore
against
iust
reformation
,
though
the
insolencie
of
the
Solicitors
would
perswade
me
to
beleeue
it
;
who
presumeing
,
as
it
seemes
and
as
the
successe
shewes
,
vpon
supportance
,
dare
affront
the
greatest
Commanders
and
vse
them
as
seruants
not
like
Masters
by
whome
they
liue
.
Sometyme
Solicitors
haue
beene
put
vpon
Captaynes
by
force
,
and
they
authorized
to
take
from
the
Captaynes
ordinance
the
best
part
of
his
meanes
though
the
solicitor
neuer
advanced
him
a
penie
of
mony
aforehand
,
but
because
he
contracted
with
his
Predecessor
;
Soe
that
if
a
cunning
Companion
who
hath
a
little
spare
monie
can
insinuate
himselfe
into
the
bosome
of
a
needy
or
negligent
Commander
,
and
supplyeing
his
preseut
wants
,
fasten
a
peece
of
mony
vpon
him
,
and
procure
from
him
an
inconsiderate
contract
,
for
his
life
only
,
let
it
be
neuer
so
vnreasonable
,
yet
his
successor
must
continue
it
,
and
make
it
good
,
nay
,
perhaps
increase
it
out
of
his
meanes
;
and
so
successiiuely
from
generation
to
generation
,
if
the
wars
should
continue
it
would
continue
like
a
rent-charge
vpon
the
Captaine
or
campanie
;
whereby
it
cometh
to
passe
,
that
though
a
Captayne
,
who
venters
life
and
all
for
the
State
,
hath
but
a
terme
of
life
in
his
Captaineship
;
Yet
the
sollicitor
,
for
layeing
out
a
hundred
or
two
hundred
pownd
,
hath
halfe
the
Captaynes
meanes
,
and
a
perpetuitie
in
that
halfe
,
though
he
doe
nothing
for
the
State
but
helpe
to
vndoe
it
.
Besides
though
these
persons
be
taken
on
,
that
the
souldiar
may
haue
sound
pay
,
for
which
the
Captayne
payes
soundly
,
as
I
haue
partly
shewed
,
yet
their
payment
is
soe
bad
,
that
there
are
few
Captaynes
(
I
might
say
safely
,
none
)
put
haue
iust
cause
to
complaine
,
if
their
iust
complaints
might
be
heard
and
redressed
.
But
such
is
the
vnequall
condition
of
the
persons
and
the
odd
and
disrespectiue
carriage
of
the
tyme
towards
them
,
that
the
Captaine
contracting
with
the
solicitor
,
is
bownd
for
his
part
,
and
the
solicitor
is
his
owne
iudge
,
and
carues
himselfe
what
amendes
he
list●eth
out
of
the
Captaynes
meanes
:
but
the
solicitor
,
contracting
with
the
Captaine
,
is
notwithstanding
loose
for
his
part
,
or
as
good
as
loose
,
since
he
cares
notfor
keepeing
his
day
,
but
often
puts
the
Captaine
to
borrow
,
and
pawne
his
credit
and
clothes
vpon
interest
for
payment
of
his
companie
,
when
notwithstanding
he
payes
vse
to
the
sollicitor
for
aduanceing
it
aforehand
;
Nay
say
the
Captaine
forbeares
it
a
moneth
or
two
(
as
sometyme
it
falls
out
)
yet
he
payes
vse
for
it
,
and
the
sollicitor
will
not
abate
a
stiuer
,
though
the
one
looseth
and
the
other
gaines
by
this
meanes
,
a
dooble
vse
.
There
is
also
a
gaines
made
to
the
solicitor
by
payment
of
light
money
,
which
he
knowes
the
Captayne
must
be
forced
to
put
away
,
cannot
keepe
to
change
;
with
many
other
grosse
and
intollerable
abuses
of
which
I
haue
heard
Captaynes
complaine
,
and
which
crye
out
(
for
the
with-houlding
of
the
labourors
due
is
a
cryeing
My
God
forbid
it
me
that
I
shonld
doe
this
thing
;
Shall
I
drinke
the
blood
of
these
men
that
haue
put
their
liues
in
ieopardie
?
for
with
the
ieopardie
of
their
liues
they
brought
it
,
therefore
he
would
not
drinke
.
I
wish
that
all
solicitors
and
vsurers
would
consider
this
storie
well
,
and
then
they
wonld
not
(
except
they
were
right
Nabals
)
make
it
their
dayly
trade
to
drinke
vp
,
nay
to
be
drunke
with
the
blood
of
such
men
,
and
that
whilst
they
are
watching
that
these
may
drinke
the
safer
,
and
fighting
for
safeguard
of
that
mony
,
whose
vse
eates
them
vp
to
the
bare
bones
.
But
if
these
lewes
and
bloodsuckers
will
not
consider
it
,
yet
it
concernes
Dauid
and
the
worthies
of
this
State
to
looke
to
it
better
,
and
to
their
care
and
conscience
I
commend
it
.
For
if
this
be
not
reformed
,
as
it
shewes
inward
corruption
and
putrifaction
,
ripe
for
dissolution
,
so
it
may
,
at
one
tyme
or
other
,
by
one
meanes
or
other
,
put
the
State
to
straights
and
difficultyes
,
did
not
the
auxiliarie
Bandes
take
care
for
it
,
to
defend
it
,
and
respect
it
,
as
their
owne
Countrie
.
Which
care
of
theirs
appeared
the
last
yeere
,
at
the
comming
out
of
that
Placat
,
which
gaue
them
,
generally
so
much
discontent
,
and
that
in
the
instant
when
they
expected
the
Enemy
.
Which
had
beene
a
fit
tyme
and
occasion
to
tempt
them
to
mutinee
,
but
that
faith
,
h
onor
,
and
religion
restrayned
them
;
yea
such
a
tyme
;
as
would
haue
occasioned
some
Nations
then
to
crye
for
gelt
and
reformation
,
or
also
to
lay
downe
their
armes
.
Whereas
then
,
all
these
troopes
,
both
British
,
and
French
,
did
nobly
and
loyally
resolue
,
not
to
dispute
the
point
before
the
fight
,
but
first
to
fight
,
and
so
to
dispute
the
point
against
the
Enemye
with
the
edge
of
their
anger
and
points
of
their
swords
,
that
they
might
by
their
deserts
moue
the
States
to
repeale
their
act
,
and
to
shew
they
meritted
augmentation
by
way
of
largesse
,
rather
then
abatement
or
abridgement
,
by
way
of
defalcation
;
which
they
would
intimate
by
humble
petition
,
without
disputation
,
after
the
seruice
was
done
and
the
Enemye
gone
off
,
and
not
before
.
And
this
resolution
they
generally
followed
,
whereby
they
deserued
dne
consideration
,
and
I
doubt
not
in
tyme
but
they
shall
finde
it
.
They
are
Tyrants
and
not
Fathers
of
the
Commonwealth
,
who
take
occasion
to
be
euill
,
from
the
goodnes
of
their
people
;
so
that
the
better
the
subiect
or
inferior
is
,
the
worse
the
superior
shews
himselfe
to
bee
;
and
the
more
he
is
content
for
peace
,
and
quiet
,
and
conscience
,
to
suffer
,
the
more
the
other
puts
vpon
him
and
forceth
him
beyond
his
strength
to
beare
and
suffer
.
It
shall
not
be
soe
amongst
you
,
(
saith
our
sauiour
to
his
Disciples
)
I
hope
the
illustrious
Lords
are
our
sauiours
Disciples
also
,
and
I
am
sure
then
,
It
shall
not
be
soe
amongst
them
.
Secondly
I
beseech
the
State
to
consider
whether
or
no
it
be
fit
to
vindicate
the
honor
of
our
king
,
State
and
Nation
,
together
with
the
King
and
Queene
of
Bohemia
,
from
the
base
aspersions
cast
vpon
them
,
by
rumor
and
lyeing
multitude
,
in
the
point
of
their
present
maintenance
.
For
I
know
the
Common
people
beleeue
,
and
giue
it
out
,
for
a
manifest
truth
,
as
men
that
will
beleeue
no
better
,
how
that
royall
Payer
with
their
Princely
children
,
lye
heere
at
the
charge
of
this
State
,
and
that
exactions
are
layde
vpon
the
people
to
mainetayne
them
in
that
humble
condition
wherein
they
liue
,
which
(
notwithstanding
it
be
farre
too
meane
for
the
dignitie
of
such
persons
,
)
yet
in
the
vulgar
eye
it
seemes
therefore
to
be
to
haughtie
,
because
they
think
it
comes
out
of
their
purse
,
and
to
proceed
from
their
beggarly
beneuolence
.
This
falsehood
is
bred
and
nourished
by
the
Spanish
faction
,
who
would
do
worse
then
slander
them
if
they
could
,
and
doe
this
to
make
the
Countrie
hate
them
,
and
thereby
to
prouoke
the
people
for
their
sake
,
to
mutinee
and
rise
against
the
present
gouernement
of
the
illustrious
Lords
,
as
if
they
were
the
occasion
of
this
causeles
and
needles
cha●ge
,
by
harboring
these
distressed
Princes
in
their
Dominions
.
The
knowledge
of
this
was
one
of
the
principal
motiues
which
caused
me
first
to
put
penn
to
paper
in
this
subiect
;
because
I
saw
the
honor
of
my
King
,
Countrie
,
and
of
these
Princes
traduced
and
tost
vp
and
downe
by
lewde
lyeing
,
and
ignorant
tongues
.
For
,
in
stead
of
charging
this
State
with
their
aboade
heere
(
as
these
fellowes
faine
and
giue
out
)
they
are
euery
way
helpefull
to
it
,
spending
therein
many
thowsand
pownds
starling
by
the
yeere
,
and
causeing
much
to
be
spent
,
all
which
comes
out
of
England
into
these
parts
.
And
I
present
it
to
the
consideration
of
my
superiors
,
whether
it
were
fit
,
for
all
their
honors
,
and
safetyes
,
to
crye
this
off
,
or
to
make
the
truth
of
it
some
way
publiquely
knowne
,
that
the
malitious
mouthes
of
men
may
in
this
respect
be
closed
,
and
that
the
people
may
know
they
beare
no
burthen
but
their
owne
,
yea
that
wee
also
doe
helpe
them
,
out
of
loue
,
to
carry
part
of
that
,
which
belongs
to
them
wholly
to
beare
,
out
of
duty
to
God
and
their
Country
.
Thirdly
I
humbly
present
this
motion
to
the
consideration
of
my
superiors
,
whether
they
thinke
it
fit
or
no
,
for
the
consolidation
of
this
league
,
and
for
the
preseruation
of
perpetual
amitie
betwixt
both
Nations
,
to
equall
vs
,
if
not
with
their
owne
,
at
least
with
the
cheefe
of
other
Nations
,
who
serue
them
as
wee
doe
;
since
wee
haue
beene
,
are
,
and
are
like
to
bee
,
as
good
studds
and
props
to
this
State
,
as
they
or
any
of
them
haue
beene
,
are
,
or
can
bee
.
Let
not
the
aduantage
of
language
make
a
stricter
band
,
then
that
of
hearts
and
hands
.
If
their
tongues
goe
before
ours
,
our
hearts
and
hands
goe
in
front
with
them
,
and
haue
euer
done
so
,
to
do
this
State
seruice
.
Neither
speake
I
this
to
disparage
them
or
any
of
them
;
It
is
no
disparagement
for
the
best
of
them
,
to
march
with
vs
;
Neither
speake
I
this
to
detract
from
their
deseruings
,
but
by
comparison
of
theirs
to
set
off
our
owne
(
which
hath
beene
nothing
inferior
to
theirs
)
and
so
to
beget
equall
respect
for
equall
merrit
in
all
ranckes
and
degrees
.
Fourthly
I
present
to
the
wise
consideration
of
my
superiors
,
whether
they
thinke
it
fit
or
no
,
that
in
both
the
Indyes
and
all
other
places
of
trade
or
fishing
,
their
people
be
straightly
commanded
carefully
to
mainetaine
peace
;
that
they
sell
not
our
loue
for
a
little
lucre
,
nor
inuade
our
simple
trust
and
innocent
securitie
,
with
fraude
or
violence
,
vpon
base
aduantages
of
tyme
,
and
odds
of
number
,
or
the
like
circumstances
of
trecherie
and
iniurie
;
which
,
as
they
may
be
shadowed
with
the
cloake
of
Iustice
,
so
they
may
serue
our
Enemyes
,
(
who
seeke
to
deuide
vs
,
)
as
shaddowes
to
accuse
the
vnited
Provinces
of
iniustice
,
and
thereby
to
incense
our
State
to
sodaine
rage
and
sharpe
reuenge
against
them
as
against
perfidious
Enemies
.
And
I
could
therefore
wish
that
if
any
should
dare
to
disobay
the
Edicts
of
the
State
published
for
pacification
,
they
may
be
persued
as
publique
Enemyes
,
who
by
their
practise
testifie
the
treason
of
their
hearts
,
whilst
they
endeauoure
to
giue
distaste
to
our
State
,
thereby
to
breake
the
loue
and
league
betwixt
Great
Brittanie
and
the
vnited
Provinces
,
that
so
their
Troian
Horse
or
Spanish
Iennet
may
come
in
at
the
breach
.
Fiftly
I
would
heere
speake
of
honors
and
rewards
to
be
propounded
for
the
souldiar
of
all
sorts
and
degrees
,
but
that
I
am
afraide
to
be
laught
at
for
my
labor
,
or
if
not
so
,
yet
to
be
answered
with
that
Common
Error
which
goes
currant
for
an
axiome
of
State
,
That
Commonweales
are
incapable
of
this
power
to
conferre
honors
.
I
see
amongst
the
Romans
,
seuerall
rewards
and
honors
of
all
sorts
,
distributed
freely
and
constantly
to
the
best
deseruers
.
Thereby
to
incourage
all
of
euery
ranck
,
high
and
low
,
the
witty
and
valiant
,
in
their
seuerall
kindes
,
to
do
their
best
,
and
to
aduenture
for
the
publique
good
.
Titles
,
honors
,
lands
,
immunities
,
wreathes
,
chaines
,
ornaments
,
places
in
the
theater
,
with
diuers
other
previledges
,
and
lastly
statues
and
triumphes
were
appointed
for
the
well
deseruing
souldiar
.
And
it
is
to
be
obserued
,
that
whereas
the
Legionarie
bands
(
which
were
natiues
)
had
siluer
chaines
,
the
Auxiliarie
(
which
were
strangers
)
had
gould
chaines
to
encourage
them
,
and
to
binde
them
to
the
State
by
benefits
,
as
the
others
were
bownd
by
naturall
loue
and
duty
.
But
it
may
be
obiected
that
these
honors
conferd
by
the
Romane
Commonwealth
were
acknowledged
by
reason
of
the
Monarchie
,
and
did
extend
as
vniuersally
,
as
the
Romane
command
and
power
it selfe
,
which
tutched
almost
the
worlds
circumference
:
but
it
is
not
so
with
petty
Commonweales
,
whose
acts
seeme
therefore
to
be
priuate
,
and
to
be
contained
in
narrow
listes
.
And
this
is
true
,
nor
would
I
therefore
desire
for
the
wel
deserueing
souldiar
any
honor
or
preuiledge
but
a
publique
acknowledgment
and
respect
within
the
Vnited
Prouinces
or
wheresoeuer
they
haue
power
or
command
:
this
they
haue
power
to
confer
,
as
wee
see
the
State
of
Ireland
gaue
the
title
of
King
to
H.
8.
by
act
of
parliament
,
who
before
was
written
Lord
of
Ireland
only
;
and
what
the
States
could
giue
would
sufficiently
content
the
souldiar
,
desirons
of
honor
,
and
binde
them
the
rather
to
the
place
and
seruice
,
whilst
they
should
there
haue
that
due
reuerence
and
acknowledgement
,
which
in
other
places
they
should
not
finde
but
vpon
remouall
loose
.
And
for
ought
I
see
the
Honors
conferd
by
absolute
Princes
,
are
of
force
no
farther
then
their
owne
forces
carry
them
and
giue
them
life
and
anthority
;
as
wee
see
in
the
Emperiall
Courts
,
who
will
not
be
acknowledged
for
such
in
greate
Brittaine
,
and
surely
Sir
Robert
Dudly
,
what
State
or
stile
so
euer
he
walkes
vnder
in
Florence
,
must
in
England
,
if
euer
he
returne
,
vaile
bonnet
,
and
teturne
to
his
English
titles
.
I
say
therefore
,
had
a
worthy
Commander
,
after
long
and
good
seruice
,
some
publique
acknowledgement
of
his
merrit
;
some
title
,
or
note
of
honor
,
some
preuiledge
or
extraordinarye
respect
and
allowance
(
thought
it
went
no
farther
then
within
the
limits
and
command
of
the
vnited
Prouinces
)
yet
it
would
animate
and
stirre
vp
noble
spirits
to
excellent
actions
and
entreprizes
through
emulation
.
And
had
a
priuate
souldiar
,
after
long
and
good
seruice
,
the
least
acknowledgement
of
his
worth
,
were
it
but
immunitie
from
the
excise
,
increase
of
meanes
,
or
any
other
preuiledge
it
would
incourage
a
poore
man
to
serue
brauely
.
But
to
sell
his
flesh
and
blood
,
for
bread
and
cheese
,
to
spend
his
lustie
youth
euen
till
he
ariue
at
a
maymed
and
sickly
old
age
,
for
so
much
meanes
as
will
only
keepe
soule
and
body
togither
;
in
a
miserable
manner
and
(
which
is
worst
of
all
)
if
he
liues
in
the
wars
20
or
30
yeeres
,
neuer
to
haue
hope
of
due
and
orderly
preferment
,
but
to
see
euery
youth
daunce
frog-leape
ouer
his
back
,
this
is
that
which
quencheth
the
courage
of
all
honorable
vndertakeing
,
and
is
the
only
cause
soe
little
is
performed
vpon
the
politique
and
powerfull
Enemy
.
Lastly
I
humbly
desire
all
Readers
of
both
nations
high
and
Low
,
to
pardon
me
and
to
accept
of
my
good
will
which
aymed
heerein
to
do
good
.
Especially
I
seeke
pardon
of
the
illustrious
Lords
and
Gouernors
of
this
State
who
may
thinke
me
too
peremptorie
,
plaine
,
and
punctuall
,
in
some
pasages
of
discourse
,
and
in
the
propositions
I
haue
made
.
But
when
they
shall
vnderstand
I
haue
suffered
for
their
sake
from
mine
owne
Nation
,
and
haue
beene
taken
and
chalenged
as
a
Man
too
much
their
owne
and
partiall
vpon
their
side
for
what
I
haue
done
,
spoken
,
and
written
;
they
will
,
perhaps
the
sooner
intertaine
my
excuse
,
and
the
better
beare
my
plainenes
and
bouldnes
.
And
for
those
of
myne
owne
Nation
who
haue
thought
me
to
vilifie
our
owne
and
to
honor
this
people
too
much
,
I
let
them
know
that
I
haue
done
nothing
but
what
the
truth
and
the
necessitie
of
the
case
required
.
For
when
I
meete
a
discontented
Countriman
of
mine
owne
,
who
seekes
to
ease
his
priuare
spleene
,
and
to
reuenge
his
particular
quarrell
,
by
inuectiues
against
the
publique
State
of
these
Prouinces
,
then
as
one
that
vnderstands
how
much
it
concernes
all
our
welfares
(
especially
for
point
of
Religion
)
to
be
well
conceited
of
each
other
,
and
to
stand
togither
in
firme
friendship
,
iealous
that
many
fractures
should
make
the
ioynt
vnconsolidable
,
and
not
knowing
with
what
heart
and
intent
those
obiections
are
made
,
nor
how
powerfully
that
scattered
breath
may
worke
,
(
whilst
I
see
thin
vapors
,
gathering
and
vniteing
by
degrees
,
breake
out
at
last
into
boisterous
stormes
and
blustering
windes
)
I
doe
what
I
can
to
oppose
these
in
the
beginning
,
and
that
perhaps
with
a
little
too
much
violence
,
contending
for
the
honor
of
these
parts
.
But
againe
when
I
meete
with
an
obstinate
and
malevolent
spirit
of
these
Conntryes
,
arrogateing
all
to
their
owne
worth
,
slighting
our
King
and
Kingdome
,
and
seemeing
to
rely
vpon
other
Princes
in
their
opinion
more
potent
:
then
indignation
le
ts
loose
the
reynes
of
my
affection
,
and
reason
accompaines
and
seconds
them
as
farre
as
she
is
able
,
to
let
such
blind
Braggadochies
discerne
what
they
are
able
to
doe
for
themselues
,
what
wee
haue
done
for
them
,
and
how
(
whatsoeuer
they
say
and
would
faine
make
men
bleleeue
)
they
cannot
rely
with
that
assurance
vpon
any
popish
Nation
,
as
they
may
vpon
vs
,
for
all
our
seemeing
ouersenes
;
Nay
that
there
is
no
Nation
vnder
the
sunne
that
can
be
so
profitable
and
helpefull
to
them
as
that
of
greate
Brittanie
.
Which
they
may
easely
see
who
obserue
the
situation
and
shipping
of
both
,
and
consider
that
all
France
,
though
farre
more
potent
at
Land
,
could
not
haue
afforded
vs
equall
assistance
to
that
which
these
Countries
,
(
then
weake
in
comparison
of
what
they
are
)
brought
vs
in
88
by
Sea
.
Nor
can
all
France
(
though
they
were
our
superiors
in
strength
,
as
yet
no
triall
by
battell
hath
giuen
them
the
assurance
)
so
supply
their
wants
and
second
their
warres
offensiue
and
defensiue
by
Land
and
Sea
as
wee
can
doe
.
Thus
incountring
with
English
aduersaries
,
I
shew
my selfe
a
plaine
dealeing
Dutchman
;
and
incountring
the
Dutch
,
I
shew
my selfe
what
I
am
,
a
true
hearted
English
man
;
But
heere
where
I
speake
freely
I
declare
impartially
what
I
haue
knowne
,
or
heard
vpon
both
parts
;
what
greeuances
ought
to
be
remoued
,
what
cautions
ought
to
be
obserued
,
what
diligence
ought
to
be
vsed
on
both
sides
,
to
settle
and
make
strong
this
old
league
renued
,
in
conseruation
whereof
the
liberty
of
both
States
,
yea
of
all
Christendome
,
yea
of
Christianity
it selfe
in
some
sort
,
consisteth
.
The
wrack
of
Religion
is
that
which
is
aymed
at
,
is
that
which
I
feare
;
and
were
it
not
for
Religion
I
would
study
,
and
should
soone
finde
the
way
,
to
be
a
polititian
also
.
Now
I
haue
sayd
nothing
with
a
purpose
to
ouervalue
out
present
ayde
(
I
haue
spoken
asmuch
of
theirs
)
or
to
vpbraide
this
State
with
ingratitude
,
or
as
a
man
that
grutched
at
what
wee
giue
and
thought
it
too
much
(
I
wish
it
much
more
)
or
as
one
that
imagined
the
wisemen
of
these
Lands
did
not
see
all
this
,
and
more
too
,
without
my
light
;
farre
be
this
folly
from
me
:
Nay
rather
my
intention
is
to
let
the
common
man
see
this
,
who
will
not
vnderstand
it
,
or
at
least
acknowledge
it
;
That
when
he
sees
the
truth
,
he
may
make
better
account
of
vsthen
he
vseth
to
doe
.
For
I
must
tell
them
for
conclusion
,
that
our
Commons
&
the
State
generally
,
for
religions
sake
principally
,
is
ready
to
drop
their
money
and
their
blood
freely
for
this
Nation
:
only
the
wisedome
of
our
State
holds
vs
back
because
they
see
vs
too
forward
,
and
know
well
,
that
what
is
proffered
is
contemned
,
and
what
is
too
common
,
cloyes
.
Soe
all
the
Remoraes
and
rubs
these
men
finde
in
their
affaires
with
vs
is
from
this
ground
.
Whereas
on
the
contrary
they
are
the
Commons
of
the
vnited
Provinces
who
slight
our
people
,
doe
vs
all
the
wronge
at
home
and
abroade
,
where
they
can
take
any
aduantage
against
vs
,
and
giue
vs
and
our
State
all
the
disgusts
they
receiue
.
This
I
beleeue
proceedes
principally
from
that
irreligious
or
superstitious
mixture
,
which
is
amongst
them
,
who
eyther
corrupt
the
rest
that
are
truly
religious
and
true
patriots
,
or
at
least
,
by
their
multitudes
,
so
ouersway
the
good
,
that
they
cannot
doe
,
for
vs
and
themselues
,
as
they
would
.
And
for
this
cause
.
Their
State
and
Statesmen
yea
the
illustrious
Lordes
themselues
are
forced
by
authoritie
and
power
to
restraine
them
from
euill
,
and
on
their
behalfes
,
to
doe
vs
all
the
good
they
can
.
Soe
you
may
obserue
that
with
vs
the
generall
currant
runns
strongly
in
fauour
of
these
Prouinces
,
particulars
only
oppose
it
for
polecie
or
perhaps
some
for
poperie
;
but
in
the
vnited
Prouinces
the
generall
currant
runs
strongly
against
vs
,
and
therefore
their
State
or
some
particular
persons
of
it
,
ashamed
of
the
common
folly
,
indeauor
to
mend
it
.
I
make
a
question
if
this
people
were
in
peace
as
we
are
,
and
wee
in
warre
as
they
are
,
whether
or
no
their
Common
people
would
as
willingly
and
readely
offer
themselues
and
their
monyes
for
vs
,
and
presse
the
States
for
permission
,
as
wee
offer
our selues
and
our
monyes
freely
for
them
,
and
presse
our
superiors
by
suites
,
intreaties
,
and
humble
petitions
,
to
giue
vs
leaue
to
assist
them
.
I
am
perswaded
,
those
that
grutch
and
repine
,
at
the
excise
which
is
raised
for
their
owne
instant
and
most
necessarie
defense
,
would
grutch
farre
more
to
doe
it
for
others
.
But
it
hath
not
beene
long
so
,
their
forefathers
who
with
their
blood
bought
their
present
libettie
,
were
of
an
other
minde
.
And
those
Popelings
,
Libertines
,
and
Sectaries
amongst
them
who
are
now
all
sick
for
change
,
would
,
if
the
Lord
should
so
plague
them
as
to
giue
them
their
heartes
desire
(
which
I
constantly
hope
,
and
heartely
pray
for
the
sake
of
the
faithfull
which
are
amongst
them
,
that
he
will
not
)
soone
finde
the
difference
of
gouernement
;
when
in
stead
of
Fathers
,
and
Brethren
,
and
Sonnes
,
and
Kinsfolke
,
and
a
Prince
of
their
owne
election
,
yea
such
a
Prince
,
such
a
Generall
,
as
neuer
Nation
met
with
a
more
moderate
,
affable
,
prudent
,
diligent
,
watchfull
,
papatient
,
prouident
,
and
in
all
respects
one
more
fit
for
them
:
in
steade
of
such
,
I
say
,
they
should
haue
Strangers
,
and
Tyrants
set
ouer
them
,
who
haue
shown
heretofore
,
and
would
shew
againe
,
if
they
had
meanes
,
that
(
whatsoeuer
we
foolishly
perswade
our selues
to
the
contrarie
)
they
neither
respect
Law
,
nor
Promise
,
nor
Oath
;
nor
make
difference
of
Religion
,
or
Sexe
,
or
Person
;
but
seeke
onely
satisfaction
of
their
Libidinous
,
Ambitious
,
Cruell
,
and
Couetous
desires
.
This
I
thought
good
briefly
to
intimate
,
that
,
if
it
be
possible
,
we
may
receiue
reciprocall
kindnesse
from
this
Nation
generally
;
and
then
they
need
not
doubt
no
more
then
we
our selues
doe
,
but
that
,
where
his
Maiestie
sends
this
yeere
sixe
thousand
Foot
for
their
ayd
,
the
next
yeere
(
if
they
should
need
,
as
I
hope
they
shall
not
,
pray
they
may
not
)
a
Royall
Armie
will
,
in
the
name
of
God
and
our
King
,
command
the
insulting
and
incroching
Enemie
,
to
stand
backe
,
and
giue
vp
,
what
he
hath
vniustly
swallowed
,
and
what
he
shall
neuer
digest
to
doe
him
good
,
but
which
may
proue
as
fatall
to
his
entended
Monarchy
,
as
that
Flesh
was
to
the
Eagle
,
which
she
snatched
from
the
Altar
,
to
the
firing
of
her
owne
neast
.
And
this
out
of
question
we
with
them
should
effect
,
without
reliance
vpon
other
vncertaine
Leagues
,
if
we
would
seriously
vnite
our
Forces
by
Land
and
by
Sea
,
and
follow
that
footing
which
God
hath
lately
giuen
this
Nation
in
the
West
Indyes
.
But
of
this
there
is
little
hope
whilst
those
fatall
quarrells
in
the
East
Indyes
lye
festering
betwixt
vs
in
blood
vnappeased
,
and
no
such
reall
satisfaction
is
giuen
,
as
may
witnesse
the
impartiall
Iustice
and
necessitie
of
the
cause
if
true
(
which
with
the
circumstances
giues
great
occasion
of
suspition
)
or
testifie
by
execution
of
the
delinquents
(
if
they
be
found
to
couer
trecherie
and
murther
vnder
the
apparance
of
Iustice
)
that
they
will
not
hazard
the
losle
of
his
Maiesties
protection
,
and
our
loues
,
for
the
liues
of
a
few
Libertines
;
because
they
loue
vs
for
some
thing
else
besides
their
owne
profit
,
and
will
shew
the
world
it
is
not
true
which
their
Enemies
slanderously
giue
out
,
That
they
know
no
God
but
Gaine
,
no
Religion
but
Reason
of
State
,
no
Heauen
but
this
present
World
,
and
no
Friend
but
themselues
.
For
our
parts
we
shew
our selues
to
be
Subiects
of
such
a
Soueraigne
,
as
loues
no
mans
person
so
well
to
make
vs
loue
or
protect
his
sinne
.
If
they
haue
dealt
treacherously
,
we
disclaime
them
for
our
Countreymen
,
and
can
be
as
well
content
to
see
them
suffer
worthely
,
as
Pyrates
and
other
offendors
who
are
put
to
death
as
publique
Enemies
to
all
Nations
.
But
if
ours
be
Innocent
,
and
this
cryme
be
raysed
by
policie
to
supplant
them
from
those
parts
as
is
suggested
,
then
we
hope
and
expect
a
seuere
example
shal
be
made
vpon
those
Diuels
,
who
to
the
end
they
may
do
euill
,
and
satisfie
their
cruelties
(
which
they
exercise
euer
where
they
are
Masters
)
doe
not
forbeare
euen
to
accuse
the
Innocent
,
as
Satan
did
Iust
Iob.
But
sparing
to
censure
this
on
either
side
,
till
we
see
the
cause
cleared
by
seuere
,
strickt
,
and
impartiall
examination
,
which
we
hope
for
and
expect
,
we
pray
God
to
blesse
and
prosper
this
League
of
Loue
begun
,
and
to
conuert
or
confound
all
that
wish
the
contrarie
.
FINIS
.