OF
THE
MEETING
Given
by
the
Emperor
,
vnto
cercertaine
Electors
of
the
Empire
,
at
the
Dyet
of
Ratisbone
,
1630.
Acurately
and
truely
described
in
a
Letter
,
by
one
that
very
well
vnderstood
how
matters
were
there
carryed
.
Faithfully
translated
out
of
the
Latine
Printed
Copie
;
with
some
Marginall
Notes
added
,
for
cleering
of
the
Story
.
The
Letter
.
COncerning
the
passages
of
the
Electorall
Dyet
,
truely
my
noble
friend
N
:
N
:
I
had
according
to
my
promise
,
dispatcht
a
more
early
advice
vnto
you
,
but
that
vpon
my
returne
to
Ratisbone
,
there
were
more
dayes
spent
in
mutuall
visits
and
Entertainments
of
friends
,
then
indeed
I
was
willing
withall
:
But
having
now
gotten
loose
of
this
troublesome
kinde
of
Courtesie
,
and
that
the
dispatch
of
my
businesse
,
together
with
the
retyrednesse
of
the
place
where
I
now
reside
,
had
afforded
me
some
leysure
,
I
would
no
longer
delay
the
discharge
of
that
obligation
,
in
which
I
stood
engaged
vnto
you
.
Now
after
twelue
yeares
of
most
bloudy
warres
,
and
almost
vtter
desolation
brought
vpon
a
goodly
Countrey
;
very
probable
surely
it
was
,
that
a
peace
would
be
desired
on
all
hands
,
and
that
for
the
full
concluding
thereof
,
this
very
Dyet
had
principally
beene
Convoked
.
As
for
the
Protestants
,
they
verily
had
even
vnto
this
day
vndergone
the
hardest
of
all
hardship
,
being
still
overlaid
with
most
heavy
impositions
,
and
with
the
billettings
of
the
Souldiers
of
the
Catholike
[
*
](A13222-e11450-b)
*
The
Catholike
Princes
of
the
Empire
,
who
haue
entred
into
a
League
for
the
recovery
of
the
Church
lands
,
and
for
the
rooting
out
of
the
Protestant
Religion
.
Leaguers
:
Yea
the
Catholickes
themselues
,
having
had
often
tryall
of
the
insolencies
of
the
Imperiall
Souldiers
,
and
of
the
chargeablenesse
of
the
warre
;
beganne
now
also
mightily
to
distast
the
Covetousnesse
of
their
owne
partner
,
the
Duke
of
Bavaria
.
Vpon
this
discontentment
was
the
Palatine
of
[
*
](A13222-e11530-b)
*
The
Duke
of
Newburgh
,
a
yonger
house
of
the
Palsgrave
,
&
who
put
in
for
the
Electorate
:
lately
before
,
turnd
Papist
.
Newburg
reported
,
to
haue
fallen
off
from
the
League
:
as
for
the
Archbishop
of
Saltsburg
,
he
(
as
having
no
share
among
the
other
Princes
in
what
should
be
conquered
or
recovered
by
the
warre
,
)
had
for
many
yeares
past
withdrawne
his
Contribution
.
The
Bishop
Elector
of
Triers
also
very
earnestly
complained
of
the
damages
received
by
the
Spanish
:
namely
,
of
the
pillaging
of
his
Country
,
and
the
plundering
of
his
Subjects
houses
:
yea
,
and
the
Bishop
[
*
](A13222-e11630-b)
*
Brother
to
the
Duke
of
Bavaria
.
Elector
of
Colein
also
gaue
off
among
the
rest
.
In
this
one
point
notwithstanding
,
did
the
counsels
and
desires
of
the
Protestant
party
differ
from
the
Catholickes
;
for
that
They
out
of
a
well
meaning
simplicitie
desired
an
vtter
forgetfulnesse
of
things
passed
,
and
a
right
downe
peace
:
whereas
These
,
t
is
true
,
seemed
to
be
contented
to
lay
downe
Armes
;
but
not
except
the
Church
goods
withheld
by
the
Protestants
,
might
first
be
restored
.
Furthermore
,
that
the
Emperour
was
for
his
part
heartily
desirous
both
of
the
Peace
,
and
this
Dyet
;
we
are
in
courtesie
bound
to
beleeue
it
.
For
when
it
was
talkt
on
in
every
mans
mouth
at
Vienna
,
how
that
both
the
Peace
and
Agreement
were
but
given
out
for
a
meere
showe
,
the
Dyet
not
really
intended
,
and
that
the
Emperour
never
meant
to
goe
to
Ratisbone
;
He
gaue
the
Count
of
Schwarzenburg
(
Marshall
of
his
house
)
a
shrewd
checke
,
for
that
he
had
not
already
given
order
to
the
household
,
gotten
the
carriages
together
,
made
provision
of
Wagons
and
[
*
](A13222-e11810-b)
*
For
both
Vienna
and
Ratisbone
are
scituated
vpon
the
Danubie
.
Shipping
,
and
for
that
by
his
slacknesse
and
negligence
,
matter
was
ministred
for
the
people
diversly
to
descant
vpon
:
and
credible
it
was
,
that
Himselfe
being
a
Prince
of
milde
disposition
,
vsed
to
liue
in
peace
heretofore
;
did
now
begin
to
consider
vpon
the
variable
changes
of
fortune
,
and
after
so
many
yeares
of
prosperously
atchieved
warres
,
was
at
length
desirous
of
ease
and
quietnesse
.
To
be
feared
besides
it
was
,
lest
that
these
continued
warres
,
these
immortall
Impositions
,
these
violences
,
iniuries
,
and
Ravages
;
would
be
beleeved
to
be
commanded
,
for
that
they
were
not
forbidden
:
and
that
when
people
saw
no
other
helpe
for
it
,
they
would
seeke
a
remedie
even
out
of
despayre
it selfe
.
But
as
for
those
whose
mindes
were
fully
taken
vp
with
the
opinion
of
Caesars
affecting
to
Rule
all
(
people
being
very
apt
to
imagine
the
worst
)
they
mainly
suspected
His
designe
in
summoning
this
Dyet
,
Catholike
Leaguers
,
the
Protestant
Princes
first
;
and
those
being
made
a
hand
with
,
even
the
Catholikes
themselues
,
might
very
possibly
be
brought
vnder
the
Dominion
of
the
house
of
Austria
.
That
the
Conde
D'Ognate
of
the
house
of
Guevaras
,
the
late
Spanish
Embassador
with
the
Emperour
,
(
a
man
not
ignorant
of
the
designes
then
on
foote
)
was
wont
to
cast
out
a
word
now
and
then
amongst
his
friends
,
How
that
the
Gownes
of
the
Germane
Bishops
were
with
the
longest
,
and
that
their
traynes
must
therefore
be
clipt
.
Furthermore
,
suppose
the
Peace
did
never
so
much
please
,
(
the
Emperour
)
yet
the
Dyet
,
by
which
it
was
to
be
concluded
,
ought
by
all
meanes
to
be
avoyded
.
For
by
this
course
,
should
Caesars
both
words
and
actions
come
vnder
censure
;
and
the
authoritie
of
Majestie
be
by
that
meanes
much
weakned
:
that
this
is
the
Condition
of
Ruling
,
that
the
Accompt
be
allowed
vpon
no
other
Termes
,
then
as
given
vp
to
one
man
onely
.
But
whereas
there
was
an
Army
already
now
on
foote
;
the
warre
not
onely
begun
,
but
farre
advanc't
;
Contributions
imposed
,
divers
Princes
deposed
,
and
[
*
](A13222-e12110-b)
*
They
meane
Walsteyn
,
whom
the
Emperour
made
Duk●
of
Meckleburg
.
new
men
set
vp
by
the
Court
;
every
thing
(
to
conclude
)
passed
quite
contrary
to
the
Lawes
;
the
States
of
the
Empire
;
yea
the
Electors
themselues
eyther
vnwitting
of
them
,
or
vnwilling
with
them
;
how
could
all
these
things
be
defended
;
yea
which
way
could
they
possibly
be
excused
?
Furthermore
,
how
ever
Caesar
might
be
earnestly
enclined
to
a
peace
,
yet
must
his
power
be
necessarily
kept
vp
by
force
and
strong
hand
.
That
both
the
Nobilitie
&
the
Commons
had
beene
too
highly
exasperated
,
with
a
shew
of
varietie
of
injuries
;
yea
,
and
that
they
would
take
Courage
to
revenge
themselues
,
so
soone
as
ever
they
should
see
Caesar
disarme
.
These
reasons
,
no
doubt
,
had
beene
throughly
canvassed
at
Court
,
[
*
](A13222-e12390-b)
*
By
the
King
of
Sweden
:
against
whom
,
Holsteyn
first
,
and
Arnheim
next
,
had
bin
sent
.
in
Prussia
;
the
cutting
them
off
in
Holland
;
their
incountrings
with
so
much
hardship
in
Italy
;
the
taking
in
of
St.
Hertoghenbusck
,
and
of
Wesel
;
the
falling
of
the
King
of
Sweden
into
the
[
*
](A13222-e12490-b)
*
That
is
,
into
Prussia
.
Empire
;
many
,
he
well
knew
,
did
openly
talke
of
all
these
things
,
as
not
much
amisse
.
But
another
reason
for
this
Dyet
there
was
,
(
nor
was
there
any
other
cause
that
so
neerely
concerned
Caesars
going
to
it
)
to
settle
(
namely
)
the
Empire
in
his
owne
family
,
to
shew
his
Sonne
vnto
the
Princes
,
and
to
win
the
Electors
vnto
him
.
Thus
the
Catholikes
,
the
Protestants
,
and
the
Emperour
,
for
diverse
respects
,
and
with
equall
desires
,
all
sought
the
Peace
.
The
Protestants
desired
such
a
one
,
as
might
promise
a
forgetfulnesse
of
matters
passed
,
and
securitie
for
all
sides
:
the
Catholikes
,
they
were
earnest
to
haue
the
Lands
first
of
all
restored
vnto
the
Churches
,
and
the
Churches
vnto
the
old
Religion
:
as
for
Caesar
,
that
He
cald
a
Peace
,
to
haue
his
Rebells
curbed
,
and
all
submitted
to
his
disposing
:
which
Peace
notwithstanding
did
no
way
perswade
the
disbanding
the
Armies
,
nor
the
easing
of
the
Impositions
.
And
this
was
the
state
of
the
Empire
,
thus
stood
mens
mindes
disposed
,
when
as
Caesar
and
the
Electors
met
at
the
Dyet
of
Ratisbone
.
Now
were
the
heads
of
the
Consultation
proposed
:
Mansfeild
,
Brunswicke
,
and
the
King
of
Denmarke
:
That
himselfe
being
the
forwardest
,
there
had
beene
divers
Conferences
concerning
an
Agreement
;
but
through
the
stubbornnesse
of
the
adverse
partie
,
all
the
Treaties
had
come
to
nothing
;
now
at
length
therefore
high
time
it
was
,
seriously
to
bethinke
themselues
of
a
good
Peace
;
or
if
that
could
not
at
the
best
hand
be
obtained
,
then
to
devise
vpon
the
way
of
a
joynt
league
,
both
betweene
themselues
and
with
the
Emperor
,
against
the
disturbers
of
this
so
necessary
a
Peace
;
be
they
natiues
of
the
Empire
,
or
be
they
forreigners
;
and
in
as
much
as
the
Palsgraue
Fredericke
,
(
the
Causerboth
of
these
warres
and
miseries
)
after
those
most
equall
Conditions
propounded
to
him
by
the
Elestors
in
their
Dyet
at
Mulhausen
,
is
not
to
this
day
come
in
;
nor
hath
ever
since
desisted
from
such
Courses
,
as
haue
beene
troublesome
both
vnto
his
Countrey
and
common
peace
;
but
hath
stirr'd
vp
others
heretofore
,
and
the
Hollanders
of
latter
times
,
vnto
the
destruction
of
his
owne
Countrey
:
The
Emperors
request
therefore
was
,
that
the
Electors
would
be
pleased
to
passe
an
Act
of
Counsell
,
whereby
the
Palsgrane
should
continue
a
banished
man
without
all
hopes
of
returning
,
and
that
they
would
never
vouchsafe
to
entertaine
eyther
peace
or
amitie
with
him
.
He
furthermore
declared
,
how
that
the
Hollanders
having
long
since
shaken
off
all
due
reverence
vnto
the
Empire
,
had
with
a
sacrilegious
boldnesse
of
late
,
both
besieged
and
taken
in
,
certaine
of
his
good
Cities
and
Dominions
:
now
therefore
it
must
be
lookt
vnto
,
that
the
Empire
suffer
no
damage
:
and
the
remedies
must
now
be
consulted
vpon
,
how
the
boldnesse
of
these
robbers
might
best
be
restrained
;
and
how
that
which
vnjustly
they
had
taken
away
,
might
be
recovered
.
The
fourth
poynt
to
be
considered
vpon
,
was
the
warres
of
Italy
,
and
the
French
King
:
who
now
invaded
the
rights
of
the
Empire
,
and
made
himselfe
an
Vmpire
of
such
matters
,
as
belong'd
not
vnto
his
Cognizance
;
which
is
not
to
be
endured
,
Imperiall
Ambassador
the
Burgraue
of
Dhona
,
and
the
King
of
Denmarke
the
Mediator
of
the
Peace
;
then
verily
he
is
to
be
threatned
with
the
power
of
the
Romane
Empire
;
and
if
he
gaue
not
over
,
then
was
his
bold
attempt
to
be
chastised
by
force
of
Armes
.
Last
of
all
,
were
the
Princes
advised
to
consult
vpon
the
meanes
,
of
maintaining
a
standing
Army
,
and
of
the
restoring
of
Martiall
Discipline
;
and
of
the
manner
of
laying
,
and
of
levying
the
Impositions
.
So
soone
as
ever
these
Propositions
were
noysed
abroad
,
[
*
](A13222-e13190-b)
*
The
King
of
Bohemia
.
Fredericke
,
the
Hollanders
,
the
[
*
](A13222-e13230-b)
*
Now
Duke
of
Mantua
,
whose
Ancestors
being
of
a
yonger
house
of
Mantua
,
setled
themselues
in
France
;
to
whom
for
want
of
Issue
,
Mantua
is
now
falne
:
the
Investiture
wherof
being
denied
him
by
the
Emperour
,
and
the
King
of
Spaine
set
on
;
the
French
King
appeared
with
an
Army
in
favour
of
him
.
Duke
de
Nivers
,
and
for
his
sake
the
French
King
,
and
the
King
of
Sweden
;
to
conclude
,
they
all
professe
themselues
injuried
by
the
Austrians
,
and
to
keepe
firme
amitie
with
the
Empire
.
And
suppose
that
Frederick
had
invaded
the
Crowne
of
Bohemia
vnjustly
,
and
had
merited
punishment
in
that
regard
;
yet
had
his
Electorall
dignitie
beene
taken
from
him
,
and
conferred
vpon
the
Duke
of
Bavaria
;
before
ever
the
consent
of
the
Princes
of
the
Empire
had
beene
asked
;
the
Electors
gainesaying
it
:
yea
,
the
King
of
Spaine
himselfe
,
being
vtterly
against
it
.
People
,
moreover
,
were
bold
to
Prophecy
,
That
never
should
Peace
returne
into
the
Empire
,
vnlesse
the
Prince
Palatine
were
first
restored
into
all
,
or
into
a
good
part
of
his
lost
dignitie
and
Dominions
.
For
not
he
in
his
owne
person
alone
,
and
his
so
many
Children
,
and
their
posteritie
,
(
which
soever
of
them
were
so
minded
,
)
would
sometime
or
other
become
the
subject
of
more
troubles
;
but
the
Austrians
and
Spaniard
,
with
the
Hollander
;
and
the
Protestants
(
who
by
putting
the
Prince
Palatine
out
of
the
Colledge
of
Electors
,
should
alwayes
hereafter
be
too
weake
in
number
of
voyces
)
with
the
Catholikes
;
would
ever
jarre
with
a
perpetuated
heart-burning
.
But
were
that
Prince
re-estated
in
his
ancient
place
;
then
should
that
too
great
power
of
the
Duke
of
Bavaria
,
the
heart-burning
against
the
house
of
Austria
,
and
the
feares
which
the
Protestants
now
stood
in
,
be
all
taken
away
.
And
now
that
the
Duke
of
Bavaria
might
neither
be
afraid
,
nor
asham'd
,
to
lay
aside
the
Electorship
,
obtained
by
his
valour
and
[
*
](A13222-e13560-b)
*
Deserts
to
the
Emperor
,
vnderstand
;
and
not
to
his
Cosin
the
Prince
Palatine
.
deserts
;
they
interposed
this
Counsell
:
to
leaue
(
namely
)
a
part
of
the
Palatinate
,
vnto
him
and
his
heires
for
ever
;
and
,
(
which
is
sayd
not
to
be
without
example
)
to
haue
the
Electorship
goe
by
turnes
between
them
,
from
one
vnto
another
;
eyther
by
terme
of
yeares
,
or
liues
.
Moreover
,
as
for
the
Hollanders
,
notwithstanding
they
had
renounced
their
allegiance
to
the
King
of
Spaine
;
yet
they
fayrely
conserved
the
Majestie
of
the
Empire
;
yea
and
that
with
their
neighbouring
Princes
,
(
though
Catholikes
)
they
did
religiously
maintaine
the
Articles
and
Quarter
of
Neutralitie
.
True
it
is
,
that
by
the
right
of
Warre
they
had
made
themselues
Masters
of
certaine
places
,
which
either
the
Spaniard
before
held
;
or
they
feared
he
would
take
in
:
whereas
the
Emperour
on
the
contrary
;
not
by
them
provoked
by
any
injury
,
had
without
any
Decree
of
the
Empire
to
that
purpose
,
all
out
of
a
private
desire
of
his
owne
for
the
assisting
of
the
King
his
Cosin
;
sent
the
Count
de
Monte-Cuculi
,
even
into
the
very
heart
of
[
*
](A13222-e13690-b)
*
While
the
Prince
of
Orange
lay
before
St.
Hertoghenbosch
.
Holland
it selfe
,
with
an
Army
.
This
was
the
cause
of
the
revenge
which
they
tooke
afterward
:
nor
did
they
more
then
enough
in
so
doing
,
or
committed
any
thing
contrary
to
the
Law
of
Armes
.
That
for
the
Warres
[
*
](A13222-e13740-b)
*
About
the
Dukedome
of
Mantua
;
which
the
Spaniard
perchance
could
ha●
bin
willing
to
haue
seised
for
himselfe
in
the
Emperors
name
;
who
pretended
the
Dukedome
to
be
a
Fee
or
Forfeiture
of
the
Empire
.
of
Italy
,
the
Rights
of
the
Empire
,
t
is
true
,
were
pretended
;
but
yet
were
they
with
the
bloud
,
and
at
the
charges
of
the
Germane
Nation
,
maintained
in
behalfe
of
the
King
of
Spaine
.
For
as
for
the
Duke
de
Nivers
,
he
was
ever
ready
to
haue
sworne
fealtie
,
and
done
his
homage
to
the
Emperour
:
but
indeed
it
no
way
stood
with
the
Spaniards
designes
,
to
haue
a
Prince
so
neere
a
neighbour
vnto
his
Dutchy
of
Millaine
,
that
were
infected
with
a
French
spirit
.
Against
the
King
of
Sweden
they
affirmed
,
how
that
the
Emperour
in
ayde
of
his
Cosin
the
King
of
Poland
had
sent
a
strong
Army
:
and
therefore
ought
not
to
take
it
ill
,
if
by
the
same
Law
of
Armes
,
that
King
should
now
assist
his
owne
Cosins
the
Dukes
of
Mecklenburg
condemned
,
[
*
](A13222-e13900-b)
*
By
the
Emperor
,
to
leese
their
Estates
:
Whereupon
,
Walsteyn
with
his
Army
fell
vpon
the
Dutchy
of
Mecklenburg
,
whom
the
Emperour
having
Created
Duke
of
Freidlandt
before
,
now
made
him
Duke
of
Mecklenburg
.
before
they
were
heard
:
revenging
withall
,
the
private
injuries
offered
vnto
himselfe
.
These
and
the
like
Discourses
passed
vp
and
downe
.
[
*
](A13222-e13960-b)
*
The
summe
of
the
Princes
Answer
vnto
the
Emperors
Propositions
.
But
the
Electors
in
a
graue
and
a
solemne
Answere
,
insisted
vpon
the
miseries
of
the
present
times
,
the
outrages
committed
in
the
Warres
,
and
the
excessiuenesse
of
the
Impositions
;
laying
all
the
fault
vpon
the
author
of
all
these
,
the
new
Duke
of
Mecklenburg
,
Generall
of
the
Emperors
great
Armie
;
through
his
sides
,
thus
girding
even
at
the
Emperour
himselfe
;
seeing
,
that
vnto
him
He
had
given
so
large
a
Commission
(
and
that
without
the
consent
of
the
Princes
of
the
Empire
)
as
never
before
him
any
had
:
That
there
had
an
infinite
Army
beene
gathered
;
to
no
vse
,
vnlesse
to
the
destruction
of
their
Country
:
that
warre
had
beene
commenced
against
such
,
as
it
had
never
beene
denounced
:
That
the
Impositions
,
which
by
the
Law
of
the
Empire
it
had
beene
fit
to
haue
assessed
by
the
joynt
consent
of
the
Princes
;
had
at
the
pleasure
of
the
sayd
Duke
beene
imposed
,
and
most
rigorously
exacted
.
They
at
the
same
time
also
affirmed
,
how
that
the
Elector
of
Brandenburg
alone
in
these
few
yeares
past
,
(
besides
those
inestimable
damages
,
which
vsually
accompany
the
Warres
,
and
the
vnruly
Souldiers
,
)
had
beene
faine
to
contribute
(
and
that
vnder
the
name
of
a
Tribute
)
to
the
value
of
twentie
Millions
of
[
*
](A13222-e14020-b)
*
A
Florens
,
is
about
two
shillings
English
.
Florens
.
At
which
time
these
severall
complaints
were
also
given
vp
:
The
Duke
of
Pomerland
complained
himselfe
for
ten
Millions
drawne
out
of
his
Principalitie
of
Stetin
alone
;
and
that
in
one
onely
yeare
,
besides
an
vnnecessary
rabble
of
Hang-byes
,
Drablers
,
and
the
Skullery
of
the
Armie
;
there
had
beene
one
and
thirtie
thousand
foote
,
and
seaven
thousand
fiue
hundred
and
fortie
horse
,
billetted
vp
n
Pomerland
.
William
,
Landtgrave
of
Hessen
,
for
his
tribute
of
some
certaine
yeares
,
seaven
Millions
;
the
Duke
of
Wirtemberg
,
monethly
contributed
an
hundred
and
twentie
thousand
Florens
.
The
Citie
and
State
of
Norimberg
,
twentie
thousand
a
moneth
:
others
likewise
complained
,
of
some
more
,
some
lesse
,
that
had
beene
raked
from
them
.
They
highly
accused
thereupon
the
prodigall
luxury
of
the
sayd
Duke
,
his
Collonells
&
Captaines
,
for
their
flanting
of
it
in
such
rich
Cloaths
and
household-stuffe
,
of
gold
and
silver
;
and
the
incredible
high
keeping
and
trappings
of
their
horses
.
At
the
same
time
there
was
a
little
Booke
shewed
vp
and
downe
,
wherein
the
ordinary
provisions
of
[
*
](A13222-e14170-b)
*
Walsteyns
.
his
house
,
the
offices
of
his
Court
,
and
the
names
of
those
that
had
principall
charge
about
him
,
were
conteined
;
and
all
these
with
larger
allowance
(
as
it
was
sayd
)
then
those
of
the
Emperours
owne
pallace
.
Then
was
his
so
much
envied
house
,
built
at
Prage
out
of
the
spoyles
of
the
Empire
,
and
vpon
the
ruines
of
an
hundred
houses
,
purposely
pluckt
downe
for
him
,
every
wherespoken
of
.
Nor
could
any
of
these
things
be
denied
.
But
those
times
(
as
the
Emperour
excused
it
)
and
the
power
the
enemy
was
then
growne
vnto
,
and
,
the
victory
,
depending
vpon
speedy
pursuite
alone
(
nothing
being
safer
in
Civill
Warres
,
then
expedition
)
could
not
away
with
that
scrupulous
order
of
the
ancient
Customes
.
Many
a
Dispute
in
writing
hereupon
passed
too
and
againe
,
on
both
sides
:
in
all
which
,
the
Emperour
pressed
no
new
Proposition
or
request
:
but
the
Electors
mainly
vrged
the
casheering
of
the
new
[
*
](A13222-e14210-b)
*
Walsteyn
.
Duke
and
his
Army
;
to
haue
a
Peace
made
with
the
French
King
,
and
the
Princes
of
Italy
;
yea
with
the
King
of
Sweden
also
;
whose
Fleete
was
not
as
yet
arrived
vpon
the
Coasts
of
Pomerland
.
The
[
*
](A13222-e14260-b)
*
Mr.
Russdorff
by
name
.
Ambassador
of
Fredericke
the
Palatine
,
they
were
very
earnest
to
haue
admitted
to
Audience
,
vnto
whom
now
comming
to
the
Dyet
in
company
of
the
King
of
great
Britaines
[
*
](A13222-e14330-b)
*
Sir
Robert
Austruther
.
Ambassador
,
they
gaue
assurance
for
his
safe
comming
and
returning
.
With
the
Hollanders
last
of
all
,
they
all
,
(
but
especially
the
Bishop
Elector
of
Colein
,
who
lyes
nearest
to
the
danger
)
desired
peace
vpon
any
termes
:
a
buisinesse
of
which
moment
,
they
all
affirmed
worthy
to
be
referred
vnto
a
Dyet
of
the
whole
Empire
.
Many
things
therefore
the
Electors
by
voyces
at
length
carried
,
which
fell
heavy
vpon
the
Emperour
and
his
Courtiers
.
Vnto
Walensteyn
therefore
first
of
all
,
were
there
sent
Iohn
Baptista
Verdenberg
,
and
Gerard
Questenberg
;
Barons
both
of
them
,
and
both
of
them
enriched
by
him
with
many
a
mightie
gift
;
and
both
of
them
alwayes
beleeved
to
be
at
Court
the
great
advancers
of
his
Projects
.
But
even
therefore
were
they
made
choyce
of
before
any
others
,
as
the
fittest
men
to
perswade
with
him
.
The
taske
which
they
vndertooke
,
seemed
to
be
the
difficultest
of
all
the
rest
;
it
being
beleeved
that
Walenstein
being
a
man
of
a
most
haughtie
spirit
,
accustomed
to
a
military
command
,
one
that
had
beene
Courted
by
the
greatest
Princes
,
and
vpheld
by
infinite
riches
;
would
never
dully
endure
such
an
affront
,
nor
by
his
good
will
ever
stoope
againe
vnto
a
private
life
.
Cause
to
feare
moreover
he
had
,
lest
they
who
never
durst
doe
it
when
he
was
a
Generall
,
would
yet
require
their
own
of
him
when
he
should
become
a
private
man
.
And
the
Dutchy
of
Mecklenburg
[
*
](A13222-e14470-b)
*
They
feared
left
he
would
vse
it
,
as
the
Devill
did
the
Possessed
;
all
to
teare
it
,
when
he
knew
he
wat
to
leaue
it
.
(
they
beleevd
)
likely
hereby
to
be
exposed
to
most
certaine
danger
.
All
mens
mindes
now
full
of
expectation
what
would
be
the
event
of
that
message
;
all
men
now
afraid
of
new
hurly-burlies
;
behold
now
(
what
every
[
*
](A13222-e14480-b)
*
Peoples
guesses
at
the
reason
,
of
Walensteins
so
easie
quitting
of
his
Armie
.
body
much
admired
at
)
Walenstein
immediately
obeyes
the
commandement
of
the
Emperour
.
Some
indeede
surmised
,
that
he
being
a
fast
servant
to
the
Emperour
,
though
a
gallantly
magnificent
spirited
person
;
yet
being
now
become
inexorable
by
the
many
faults
committed
by
his
Souldiers
,
he
would
never
be
wrought
to
it
,
eyther
by
gifts
or
threatnings
;
or
by
any
other
devises
,
such
as
vulgar
spirits
vse
to
be
troubled
withall
,
did
therefore
in
his
owne
judgement
account
it
his
better
course
,
to
giue
way
vnto
envie
;
being
in
possibilitie
one
day
to
see
both
times
and
men
favourably
disposed
towards
him
,
who
turning
with
the
times
,
might
be
changed
to
repentance
.
Others
suspected
him
to
be
weighed
downe
with
great
promises
,
and
to
haue
that
way
fallen
off
from
the
Emperour
.
There
were
some
that
said
,
that
even
by
the
skill
of
some
in
the
Starres
(
wherein
besides
others
he
made
vse
of
Kepler
,
a
great
Master
)
and
by
the
Chaldeans
art
,
was
fore-signified
,
his
times
and
fates
to
be
come
,
and
that
they
gaue
him
this
Counsell
.
Others
,
to
conclude
,
beleeved
him
to
be
forced
vnto
it
by
necessitie
;
and
that
by
the
cunning
even
of
Caesar
himselfe
,
he
was
fetcht
over
,
and
quit
that
way
of
his
great
forces
:
and
that
his
vaine
heart
,
out
of
a
hope
and
desire
of
warres
with
France
,
and
the
glory
of
a
new
prey
;
was
thus
suddenly
taken
off
from
his
mightie
Army
:
and
that
he
now
remaind
at
Memmingen
a
prisoner
as
it
were
.
But
what
ever
the
matter
was
,
a
very
great
thing
it
is
,
and
neere
vnto
a
prodigie
;
first
,
that
Caesar
condescended
vnto
the
Electors
;
and
secondly
,
that
Walenstein
so
soone
yeelded
vnto
the
Emperour
.
Another
thing
there
is
which
the
Electors
now
obteined
;
namely
,
that
those
innumerable
numbers
should
be
lessened
,
and
the
greatest
part
of
the
Souldiers
disbanded
.
Then
,
Caesar
promised
also
,
that
there
should
be
no
warres
made
vpon
any
,
without
the
consent
of
the
Princes
.
And
that
no
Impositions
should
hereafter
be
layd
,
at
the
pleasure
of
the
Generall
of
the
Army
,
but
in
the
Land-dayes
of
the
severall
[
*
](A13222-e14680-b)
*
The
whole
Empire
is
divided
into
ten
Circles
or
Provinces
:
each
of
which
(
besides
their
●●verall
Princes
,
)
hath
a
President
and
〈◊〉
Coun●●ll●rs
to
assist
〈◊〉
who
call
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
or
Land-dayes
to
〈◊〉
for
the
publike
.
All
the
Princes
of
the
same
Cir●le
,
be
of
one
League
.
Circles
,
as
they
call
them
.
Beyond
all
this
,
the
desires
both
of
Caesar
,
the
Electors
,
and
of
the
French
Ambassador
conspired
in
one
consort
,
to
make
vp
a
Peace
so
vnwelcome
and
hated
of
the
Spaniard
:
seeing
that
by
it
sure
order
was
taken
,
first
,
for
re-estating
of
the
Duke
de
Nivers
in
the
possession
of
Mantua
and
Montferat
:
secondly
,
that
the
(
Germane
)
Troopes
should
be
recalled
out
of
Italy
:
and
lastly
,
that
the
passages
of
the
mountaines
in
the
Grisons
[
*
](A13222-e14820-b)
*
The
Valte●●●
.
Countrey
,
should
be
layd
open
as
before
.
None
of
which
Lawes
verily
are
of
that
nature
,
that
for
the
obteining
of
them
,
there
was
any
neede
to
disturbe
the
quiet
of
so
many
Nations
,
to
expend
such
vast
treasures
,
and
to
shed
the
bloud
of
so
many
thousands
.
The
Treatie
with
the
English
Ambassador
,
and
the
Prince
Palatines
Procurator
,
although
it
came
to
no
head
;
yet
thereby
way
was
obteined
for
Prince
Frederike
to
finde
Grace
:
and
that
those
parts
of
his
Dominions
which
are
in
the
Spaniards
hands
,
are
now
to
be
quitted
vnto
him
:
and
he
hath
the
libertie
yet
left
him
,
to
fulfill
the
Conditions
offered
him
at
Mulhausen
.
And
thus
,
(
which
God
turne
to
a
good
end
,
)
doe
we
owe
vnto
Gustavus
Adolphus
,
King
of
Sweden
,
Goths
,
and
Vandalls
,
that
we
are
not
vtterly
despoyled
of
our
Armes
,
nor
too
streightly
curbed
by
the
Electors
;
nor
,
finally
,
made
the
tenants
of
the
Clergie
.
For
when
as
in
the
heate
of
these
contentions
yet
continuing
,
newes
was
brought
,
both
that
the
Baron
of
Dhona
was
come
away
from
Dantzik
without
any
hope
of
a
Peace
:
and
that
the
King
of
Sweden
had
already
landed
an
Armie
in
Pomerlandt
;
made
himselfe
Master
of
Stetin
,
and
at
the
same
time
put
the
Imperialists
to
flight
;
Caesar
,
supposing
that
to
be
an
occasion
to
be
made
vse
of
;
affirmed
,
that
his
despising
of
the
Majesty
of
the
Germane
Empire
ought
to
be
revenged
vpon
him
;
and
that
,
that
error
was
to
be
rectified
by
vertue
,
which
they
had
run
into
[
*
](A13222-e15050-b)
*
In
the
time
spent
in
the
Treatie
of
Peace
;
which
had
better
bin
employed
in
sending
an
Army
,
to
withstand
his
so
neare
approaching
.
by
delaying
.
These
Propositions
of
Casars
were
not
a
little
helped
forward
by
a
private
feare
of
the
Catholikes
:
which
was
,
least
that
not
Gustavus
alone
,
(
a
Prince
but
of
small
power
)
did
thus
stirre
vp
the
massie
weight
of
so
great
a
warre
;
but
that
there
were
more
of
the
Protestants
,
who
out
of
a
hatred
to
the
present
estate
of
things
,
and
a
desire
of
innovation
;
and
those
,
perchance
,
forreigne
Princes
too
,
should
be
deeply
in
the
plot
with
him
.
These
(
Catholike
Princes
)
therefore
,
thus
drawne
vnto
it
,
not
so
much
out
of
their
loue
vnto
the
Emperour
,
as
out
of
their
owne
feares
,
agreed
to
the
warres
,
and
aydes
against
him
.
In
the
meane
time
(
which
thing
was
cunningly
and
closely
conveighed
,
and
whereof
there
had
beene
no
mention
made
,
among
any
of
the
heads
of
the
Consultation
)
was
the
designe
for
the
Election
and
Crowning
of
the
King
of
the
Romanes
mainly
intended
;
and
that
by
most
cunning
sollicitations
,
and
the
earnestest
of
their
devises
.
Egenberg
,
[
*
](A13222-e15160-b)
*
The
Emperours
Counseller
.
a
man
continually
troubled
with
the
Gowt
,
for
which
he
seldome
vsed
to
come
out
of
his
bed
;
gaue
particular
Visites
vnto
the
foure
Electors
present
,
and
vnto
the
Ambassadors
of
the
Duke
of
Saxony
,
and
the
Marquesse
of
Brandenburgh
,
at
their
severall
lodgings
:
finely
insinuating
vnto
them
,
how
that
the
Emperour
now
well
in
yeares
,
was
even
weary
of
paines
taking
,
and
was
a
man
subject
to
many
diseases
besides
:
that
his
affection
was
very
good
towards
the
Common-wealth
,
which
he
was
now
able
to
doe
no
greater
service
for
,
then
to
settle
in
it
a
good
Successor
.
He
put
them
in
minde
now
and
then
,
of
the
miseries
of
an
Inter-regnum
:
intimated
vnto
them
,
the
high
deservings
of
the
house
of
Austria
;
wonderfully
setting
out
the
towardly
hopefulnesse
of
King
[
*
](A13222-e15240-b)
*
The
Emperours
Sonne
,
King
of
Hungarta
;
whom
the
Emperour
would
fayne
now
haue
procured
to
haue
beene
chosen
King
of
the
Romans
:
which
is
as
much
as
Heyre
apparant
to
the
Empire
.
Ferdinand
.
To
the
same
purpose
,
(
for
that
the
Ambassadours
of
the
two
absent
Electors
excused
themselues
,
as
having
no
instructions
or
Commission
to
treate
vpon
that
poynt
)
were
there
Letters
dispatched
vnto
the
Electors
themselues
;
yea
,
the
Electors
good
will
was
so
little
doubted
of
,
that
a
certaine
Physician
of
the
Emperours
Court
,
(
and
he
none
of
the
obscurest
,
as
having
a
speciall
veyne
in
Poetry
)
in
a
set
Poeme
which
was
printed
at
Norimberg
,
congratulated
the
Father
,
for
the
Crowne
set
vpon
his
sonne
Ferdinand
the
third
his
head
,
none
almost
contradicting
it
.
Vnto
which
intimation
(
of
Egenbergs
)
they
all
returned
answere
,
magnificent
enough
for
words
,
but
emptie
for
realitie
:
highly
thanking
the
Emperour
for
his
Care
of
the
Common-wealth
;
but
that
the
Lawes
of
the
Empire
forbad
them
,
to
condescend
at
this
time
vnto
his
desires
:
The
Law
of
Soveraigntie
eagerly
raged
in
the
meane
time
;
and
diverse
of
the
Gentry
of
Franckenlandt
,
Schwabenland
,
and
the
Palatinate
,
were
there
accused
to
haue
borne
Armes
,
vnder
Mansfeild
,
[
*
](A13222-e15670-b)
*
The
Marquesse
of
Baden
;
Lieutenant
of
the
Army
of
the
Princes
of
the
Vnion
,
for
the
keeping
of
the
Palatinate
,
and
the
Protestant
Countryes
.
After
the
dissolving
of
the
Vnion
,
in
the
yeare
1621.
he
the
next
yeare
fought
with
his
owne
forces
about
Sinsin
,
betwixt
the
Palatinate
and
Wirtemberg
:
where
the
good
old
man
was
defeated
by
Tilly
and
Don
Cordova
.
Durlack
,
and
Brunswick
,
against
the
Emperour
.
Some
affirmed
them
to
be
guiltie
:
themselues
sayd
they
onely
found
themselues
guiltie
,
by
suffering
their
punishment
.
The
execution
of
this
businesse
,
did
the
Emperour
now
commit
vnto
Wolfgang
Rudolph
Ossa
:
(
a
man
accounted
rather
great
,
then
good
;
taken
to'ther
day
out
of
the
service
of
the
Counts
of
Hanaw
,
into
the
number
of
the
Court
Flyes
or
Instruments
:
)
Commanding
the
goods
of
the
condemned
persons
to
be
confiscated
into
his
owne
Exchequer
:
the
Electors
and
other
Princes
,
earnestly
protesting
against
the
proceedings
;
claiming
,
those
Gentlemen
to
be
within
their
Dominions
:
and
that
these
Fees
which
Caesar
now
Confiscated
into
his
owne
Coffers
,
the
Gentlemen
did
hold
of
them
,
and
of
their
Ancestors
;
and
that
all
such
Forfeitures
and
Atteinders
were
by
the
favour
of
former
Emperours
,
and
long
Custome
,
due
vnto
them
.
Caesar
continued
resolute
notwithstanding
;
and
dispatcht
away
Ossa
with
a
most
ample
Commission
:
then
which
action
of
Caesars
,
none
was
generally
taken
in
worse
part
.
Because
even
bad
Princes
,
though
sometimes
they
punished
such
as
were
actually
proov'd
traytors
,
yet
they
alwayes
too
narrowly
searcht
not
into
every
man
,
that
was
to
himselfe
guiltie
:
that
they
husht
vp
many
a
fowle
thing
,
by
a
wise
dissimulation
,
rather
then
by
bringing
it
to
open
punishments
.
That
he
that
takes
away
one
enemy
,
makes
way
for
many
.
That
he
especially
who
hath
any
thoughts
of
Peace-making
in
him
,
is
not
to
take
notice
of
every
thing
:
for
feare
lest
the
whirlewindes
after
much
adoe
being
now
scarce
layd
,
should
bluster
out
againe
into
a
vehementer
tempest
.
That
bodies
weakned
by
a
sicknesse
,
are
not
presently
againe
to
be
tampered
withall
by
Physicke
;
but
to
be
recovered
with
quiet
.
That
scarcely
can
the
actions
of
the
best
Princes
be
defended
,
much
lesse
theirs
,
which
are
alwayes
suspected
of
avarice
:
That
vpon
these
grounds
,
Cosimo
de
Medicis
,
(
a
most
wise
[
*
](A13222-e16010-b)
*
Duke
of
Flo●●nce
in
Italy
.
Prince
,
)
alwayes
left
the
Estates
of
such
as
were
attaynted
,
vnto
their
Children
and
next
kindred
.
Finally
,
the
businesse
which
of
its
owne
nature
was
grievous
enough
,
would
be
made
much
heavier
by
the
sharking
of
the
Officers
.
But
these
Court-Harpyes
forsooth
,
now
after
that
vnder
the
pretence
of
treasons
against
the
Emperour
,
and
exercise
of
forbidden
Religions
;
they
had
with
their
vncleanely
talons
,
foully
gryped
Bohemia
,
Moravia
,
and
both
the
Austria's
,
and
wrung
the
Nobilitie
and
Gentry
(
whose
case
was
rather
to
be
pittied
)
out
of
their
inheritances
:
their
insatiable
mawes
being
not
yet
full
cramb'd
,
they
now
whetted
their
Clawes
and
infamous
beakes
againe
,
to
devoure
the
wealth
of
the
Empire
.
That
their
yawning
gullets
,
were
yet
set
wider
vpon
the
tenterhookes
,
by
the
easinesse
of
the
Emperour
;
in
whose
service
(
he
being
a
Prince
too
much
governed
by
his
Officers
)
men
might
offend
with
lesse
feare
,
and
greater
reward
.
One
thing
there
was
that
added
more
matter
to
these
speeches
;
a
word
(
namely
)
that
scaping
from
Werdenberg
,
was
presently
taken
vp
by
the
people
:
how
that
the
goods
of
the
Gentry
of
Franckenlandt
,
were
already
granted
away
vnto
the
Lords
of
the
Emperours
privy
Councell
;
both
for
the
payment
of
their
Pensions
now
many
yeares
behinde
,
and
also
for
the
reward
of
their
paines
and
faithfulnesse
,
yet
for
all
this
,
the
names
of
the
[
*
](A13222-e16160-b)
*
I
beleeue
that
these
3.
having
thus
gotten
estates
,
had
also
new
titles
given
them
by
the
Emperour
;
for
the
first
of
which
they
were
hated
,
and
for
the
last
,
scorned
by
the
Germane
Nation
,
that
stand
much
vpon
their
ancient
Nobilitie
.
This
Abbot
of
Cremsmunster
,
was
preferred
to
the
Bishopricke
of
Vienna
in
August
following
.
Counts
of
Meggau
and
Trautmanstorff
,
and
of
the
Abbot
of
Cremsmunster
(
which
three
personages
,
by
what
title
I
know
not
,
had
out
of
the
Exchequer
received
some
of
the
escheated
goods
)
they
much
scorned
and
despised
,
as
new
and
strange
preferments
:
for
a
disposition
there
is
bred
in
the
bone
of
vs
mortalls
;
with
ill
eyes
to
looke
asquint
at
other
mens
newly
acquired
happinesse
;
and
with
an
equall
repining
to
measure
other
mens
good
,
and
our
owne
injuries
.
But
Caesar
,
shall
I
say
,
or
these
that
beare
all
the
sway
at
Court
,
remained
resolute
and
peremptory
in
the
matter
:
all
loath
to
loose
so
plentifull
a
Fishing
.
You
haue
long
expected
,
my
noble
Friend
,
to
heare
what
hath
beene
moved
,
argued
,
and
decreed
in
this
Dyet
,
concerning
the
restitution
of
the
Church
goods
.
That
shall
I
briefly
tell
you
of
.
It
stood
not
with
the
Emperours
honor
,
againe
to
submit
a
case
already
decided
by
himselfe
,
and
wherein
he
had
by
his
Proclamation
declared
his
pleasure
,
vnto
the
Censure
of
others
.
Nor
any
whit
of
favour
was
there
all
this
while
shewed
vnto
the
Duke
of
Wirtemberg
,
the
Marquesse
of
Brandenburg
,
the
Counts
of
Hohenloe
and
Waldeck
,
the
Cities
of
Strasburg
,
and
Norimberg
:
who
by
sentences
every
day
passed
against
them
,
were
commanded
to
quit
the
goods
of
the
Church
.
And
thus
may
it
hereby
sufficiently
appeare
,
how
that
that
distinction
of
time
agreed
vpon
,
and
the
Transaction
of
Passaw
,
hath
not
hitherto
beene
observed
,
no
not
by
Caesar
himselfe
;
but
that
of
the
following
time
hath
beene
observed
:
seeing
,
that
the
Credit
of
all
proofes
,
though
never
so
cleare
,
hath
beene
overthrowne
by
cavills
and
by
subtleties
.
Certaine
it
is
,
that
the
Count
of
Furstemberg
,
President
[
*
](A13222-e16390-b)
*
Iudicij
Prases
.
of
the
Iudgement
,
returned
no
other
answere
vnto
Caspar
Vrban
à
Feiltsch
,
Chancellor
to
the
Marquesse
of
Brandenburg
,
complaining
of
the
vnjust
sentence
decreed
against
the
Counts
of
Hohenlo
,
than
this
vulgar
Verse
.
Fronte
capillata
est
,
posthac
occasio
calva
.
That
,
Occasion
is
to
be
taken
by
the
foretop
,
because
shee
is
bald
behind
.
Which
same
man
in
a
familiar
manner
thus
answered
vnto
George
Muller
(
whom
you
well
know
)
and
to
my selfe
:
that
seeing
our
Counts
[
*
](A13222-e16500-b)
*
The
Masters
of
George
Muller
,
and
of
the
Author
.
had
confessed
themselues
,
for
the
space
of
fourescore
yeares
and
vpwards
,
to
haue
kept
the
possession
of
the
Church
Goods
;
it
followed
necessarily
that
they
must
with
a
good
will
leaue
them
for
as
long
time
vnto
the
Catholikes
:
and
that
after
that
terme
,
they
might
possibly
returne
vnto
the
Protestants
againe
.
These
mocks
were
added
,
vnto
Iustice
denyed
vs
.
And
yet
about
the
latter
end
of
the
Dyet
,
the
Ambassadors
of
Franckenlandt
,
Schwaben
,
of
the
Saxon
Princes
also
,
and
the
Duke
of
Brunswick
,
and
of
certaine
Cities
besides
;
delivered
in
writing
the
Forme
and
the
Decrees
of
that
[
*
](A13222-e16630-b)
*
Of
Passaw
as
before
:
where
(
Anno
1553.
)
there
had
beene
a
former
Dyet
held
;
wherein
the
Protestant
Princes
had
received
some
confirmation
or
consent
from
the
Emperour
,
for
their
Appropriated
church
goods
.
Against
which
Transaction
the
Emperour
had
since
taken
them
away
,
by
sentences
and
Commissions
against
them
.
Transaction
,
vnto
the
Chancellor
of
the
Bishop
Elector
of
Mentz
:
and
he
on
the
other
side
,
in
another
writing
declared
vnto
them
,
the
Conditions
vnto
which
the
Catholike
Princes
seemed
to
haue
consented
.
And
to
this
passe
the
matter
at
last
came
,
That
for
the
further
Compounding
of
all
Differences
,
the
time
was
appointed
to
be
in
February
,
and
the
place
Franckford
.
The
Catholike
partie
treated
[
*
](A13222-e16780-b)
*
That
the
orders
of
Passaw
might
be
kept
,
and
the
Protestants
not
be
too
suddenly
cast
out
of
the
Church
Lands
.
the
businesse
in
good
earnest
:
but
whether
the
reason
of
it
were
,
for
that
intelligence
being
even
now
given
them
by
their
Spies
of
certaine
secret
levies
of
Souldiers
,
at
that
instant
made
by
the
Elector
of
Saxony
and
some
others
in
Franckenlandt
;
and
that
they
standing
in
feare
thereupon
of
further
troubles
,
were
desirous
to
maintaine
the
hope
of
a
good
agreement
in
the
Protestants
;
I
cannot
easily
determine
:
time
will
discover
all
.
Of
all
which
;
as
also
how
things
now
stand
betwixt
the
Princes
of
the
Catholike
League
:
and
of
the
Orders
taken
(
for
showe
rather
,
than
for
continuance
)
about
the
manner
of
paying
the
Souldiery
;
wee
shall
at
my
comming
into
—
land
,
more
commodiously
speake
together
.
Farewell
my
noble
Friend
,
N
:
N
:
and
loue
me
still
.
Your
Observant
,
N.
N.
THE
PROTESTANTS
DYET
OF
LEIPSICH
,
February
8.
1631.
And
what
followed
vpon
it
,
vntill
their
joyning
with
the
King
of
Sweden
.
THe
Imperiall
Dyet
thus
ending
November
3/23.
left
matters
in
farre
worse
estate
than
it
found
them
:
for
that
men
perceived
now
their
very
hopes
to
be
taken
away
,
as
their
liberties
and
goods
had
beene
before
.
And
the
Protestant
Princes
finding
themselues
startled
by
foure
things
especially
,
perceived
it
high
time
now
for
them
to
take
the
Alarme
.
The
first
of
the
foure
was
this
:
that
whereas
the
Duke
of
Saxony
had
in
the
time
of
the
Dyet
written
advice
vnto
the
Emperour
,
of
the
King
of
Swedens
approaching
;
the
Emperour
tells
him
againe
,
how
he
hoped
that
himselfe
(
Saxony
)
and
Brandenburg
would
well
ayde
him
,
with
money
,
munition
,
and
other
necessaries
.
By
which
answere
,
Saxony
perceived
a
new
bill
of
Charges
comming
vpon
the
Protestants
next
those
parts
,
where
the
King
of
Sweden
was
landed
.
The
second
was
this
:
the
round
course
taken
by
the
Emperour
for
the
recovering
of
the
Church
Lands
:
which
neither
the
Elector
of
Saxony
was
able
to
stay
by
his
Letters
vnto
the
Emperour
;
nor
the
Elector
of
Brandenburg
and
other
Princes
,
with
their
presence
at
the
Dyet
:
but
that
even
before
their
owne
faces
,
daily
Commissions
were
sent
out
against
them
.
A
third
was
this
:
that
rigide
course
(
taken
by
advise
of
the
Iesuites
)
for
Reformation
of
the
Protestant
Churches
and
Schooles
,
and
the
forbidding
of
the
libertie
of
the
Augustane
Confession
.
The
fourth
was
,
that
Decree
of
the
Emperours
(
published
foure
dayes
before
the
breaking
vp
of
the
Dyet
,
though
hammered
vpon
long
before
:
)
for
the
continuance
of
the
Warres
against
the
King
of
Sweden
:
whereas
the
way
had
beene
propounded
and
advised
vpon
before
,
how
to
compound
the
matter
,
rather
then
how
to
continue
the
troubles
.
And
that
which
aggravated
the
Decree
for
the
warres
being
;
not
onely
that
the
Princes
were
to
be
at
the
charges
of
it
,
but
that
the
levies
were
to
be
layd
and
collected
,
not
by
the
consent
of
those
who
should
pay
them
,
but
at
the
pleasure
of
the
Imperiall
Commissaries
:
for
the
moderating
of
whose
power
,
and
repressing
the
numbers
and
insolencies
of
the
Souldiers
,
notwithstanding
some
slight
promises
were
now
made
;
yet
how
far
they
would
be
kept
,
was
in
their
owne
pleasures
.
The
Protestants
by
these
arguments
being
not
onely
made
suspitious
,
but
sensible
too
;
that
there
were
not
too
many
good
intentions
in
the
Emperour
towards
them
,
their
Estates
or
Religions
:
begin
to
enter
into
a
Consultation
for
their
owne
safetie
.
The
plot
for
it
was
layd
thus
.
That
whereas
there
had
beene
a
Conference
betwixt
them
and
the
Catholikes
at
the
former
Dyet
,
concerning
the
Church
Lands
;
the
further
treatie
thereupon
,
was
referred
vnto
a
Dyet
(
procured
by
the
Catholikes
)
to
be
held
at
Franckford
vpon
Mayn
,
in
August
following
;
the
Duke
of
Saxony
should
write
his
Letters
vnto
the
Emperor
,
(
which
was
seconded
by
the
mediation
of
the
Electors
of
Mentz
and
Bavaria
,
The
Imperiall
assent
being
thus
obteyned
;
the
Protestant
Princes
by
their
Letters
and
Ambassadours
agree
vpon
the
Dyet
:
the
place
to
be
Leipsich
,
and
the
time
the
8
.
th
of
February
.
That
the
severall
Princes
and
States
therefore
might
know
before-hand
,
what
Instructions
to
giue
vnto
the
Ambassadors
they
were
to
send
;
The
Princes
thus
invited
,
and
the
time
now
come
;
vpon
the
fourth
of
February
1631.
the
Elector
of
Saxony
enters
Lypsich
in
great
state
:
and
the
Elector
of
Brandenburg
a
little
after
him
.
Brandenburg
.
Iohn
William
,
and
Bernard
,
Dukes
of
Saxon
Weymar
.
William
,
Landtgrave
of
Hessen
,
Frederick
Marquesse
of
Baden
.
Augustus
Prince
of
Anhalt
.
Frederick
Count
of
Solmes
.
Iohn
George
,
and
Ernest
Lodowike
,
Counts
of
Mansfeilt
,
and
the
(
deposed
)
Dukes
of
Mecklenburg
.
These
Princes
sent
their
Ambassadors
.
The
Duke
of
Deuxponts
.
Iohn
Ernestus
another
Duke
of
Saxony
.
Frederick
Vlrick
,
Duke
of
Brunswicke
.
The
Duke
of
Lunenburg
.
The
severall
Princes
of
the
Circles
of
Schwaben
and
Franckenlandt
.
The
Lady
of
the
Abbey
of
Quedlinburg
.
The
Bishops
Administrators
of
Mecklenburg
and
of
Bremen
.
The
Counts
of
Stolberg
.
The
Barons
of
Reussen
and
Schonberg
.
These
Townes
and
States
send
their
Agents
also
.
Norimberg
,
Strasburg
,
Franckford
,
Lubeck
,
Bremen
,
Brunswick
,
Hildesheim
,
Mullhuisen
and
Northhuisen
.
Duke
Lodowick
Frederick
,
Administrator
of
the
Dukedome
of
Wirtenberg
was
newly
dead
;
and
Duke
Iulius
not
yet
setled
:
and
therefore
being
not
able
to
come
himselfe
,
he
sent
the
Vice-Chancelor
of
the
Dukedome
called
Doctor
Loester
,
and
some
other
Counsellors
,
as
Deputies
for
that
Dutchie
.
And
these
be
the
Protestant
party
in
the
Empire
:
some
whereof
being
Lutherans
,
and
some
Calvinists
;
they
first
of
all
agree
to
haue
that
distinction
of
names
(
which
had
caused
so
much
schisme
and
hatred
heretofore
)
to
be
vtterly
taken
away
:
making
a
generall
Decree
,
that
both
Professions
should
from
thence
forth
be
called
by
one
name
of
Evangeliacalls
.
No
man
was
suffered
to
stay
within
the
Towne
,
whose
businesse
was
not
knowne
:
the
streets
ends
were
chained
vp
and
barricadoed
;
guards
set
at
the
severall
ports
;
and
the
keyes
of
the
gates
every
night
brought
into
the
Dukes
chamber
.
And
all
this
,
was
,
to
prevent
Spyes
and
surprisalls
.
The
Duke
Elector
of
Saxony
(
on
whose
greatnesse
and
countenance
,
the
Partie
and
Action
very
much
depended
)
makes
a
speech
first
of
all
,
That
the
Golden
Bull
and
Constitutions
of
the
Empire
,
had
of
late
beene
all
abused
.
That
the
Emperours
late
Edict
for
restitution
of
the
Church
Lands
;
and
his
endevours
to
roote
out
the
Protestant
Religion
,
were
the
maine
Causes
of
these
late
troubles
.
The
first
of
these
,
breeding
jealousies
and
discontents
betwixt
the
Protestants
and
the
Papists
:
and
the
second
,
tending
to
the
vtter
ruine
of
the
two
Electors
of
Saxony
and
Brandenburg
.
Then
they
complaine
of
injustice
done
vnto
particular
Princes
and
Cities
:
some
of
which
,
were
injuried
by
the
violent
taking
away
of
their
Church
Lands
:
as
the
Dukes
of
Wirtenberg
,
and
Brunswick
,
the
Prince
of
Anhalt
;
the
Counts
Hohenloe
,
Stolberg
,
Lippe
,
Valdecht
,
Verthimb
,
Erpach
,
&c.
the
Towne
of
Ausburg
,
and
others
.
Some
hindered
in
the
exercise
of
their
Religion
:
as
Augustus
and
Frederike
,
Princes
Palatines
,
and
yonger
brethren
vnto
Wolfgang
William
,
Palatine
of
Newburg
now
turnd
Papist
.
Others
had
their
Estates
confiscated
:
as
the
Lady
[
*
](A13222-e18380-b)
*
The
mother
and
brother
of
the
King
of
Bohemia
:
Lewis
being
Duke
of
Simmern
.
Electresse
Palatine
,
and
her
Sonne
Lewis
,
Prince
Palatine
;
the
Dukes
of
Mecklenburg
,
&c.
for
whom
the
whole
Colledge
of
Electors
had
interceded
in
the
late
Dyet
,
but
not
prevayled
.
Others
complaine
of
the
violent
altering
of
their
Feods
and
Tenures
of
their
Lands
and
Lordships
;
as
the
last
before
named
Princes
,
and
Iohn
Casimire
Elector
of
Saxony
;
into
whose
Lands
the
Imperiall
Commissaries
haue
with
force
and
Armes
intruded
;
changing
the
tenures
of
the
tenants
,
and
altering
the
Religion
.
Ernestus
Marquesse
and
Elector
of
Brandenburg
complaines
of
the
same
wrongs
offered
vnto
his
Pupils
,
the
yong
Marquesses
[
*
](A13222-e18510-b)
*
Which
are
of
the
house
of
Brandenburg
:
their
Lands
lying
by
Nurenberg
.
of
Onspach
.
Vlme
Duke
of
Brunswick
complaines
,
first
of
the
ravages
of
his
Lands
done
by
Tilly
:
vpon
pretence
of
moneyes
owing
to
the
King
of
Denmarke
;
and
made
over
by
the
said
King
vnto
the
Emperour
:
who
imployed
Tilly
thus
to
streyne
for
them
:
Secondly
,
of
the
seisure
of
his
Bishopricke
of
Hildesheim
:
and
thirdly
,
that
the
chiefe
Towne
of
his
owne
residence
Wolffenbuttle
,
had
beene
forced
to
take
an
Imperiall
Garrison
.
Others
complaine
,
how
they
might
not
haue
the
benefit
of
the
Law
;
but
were
driven
away
by
threatnings
and
discourtesies
.
The
Electors
and
Princes
complaine
of
contempts
and
indignities
offered
vnto
their
persons
:
some
of
them
having
beene
threatned
the
Bastonado
by
some
of
the
Emperors
Souldiers
.
The
Cities
and
Circles
of
the
Empire
complaine
,
that
vndue
and
excessiue
Impositions
and
Taxes
haue
beene
layd
vpon
them
:
not
by
the
consent
of
themselues
,
(
as
the
Imperiall
Lawes
command
)
but
at
the
pleasure
of
any
of
the
Emperours
Commissaries
.
That
vnder
colour
of
protecting
them
,
they
haue
beene
forced
to
afford
Quarter
and
maintenance
,
vnto
the
Imperiall
Armies
:
who
when
they
should
indeede
haue
defended
them
,
most
cowardly
ran
away
.
That
when
they
would
not
endure
the
Souldiers
insolencies
,
they
haue
beene
declared
enemies
of
the
Empire
,
and
forbidden
to
defend
themselues
.
That
their
Lands
haue
beene
given
to
Souldiers
,
as
if
they
had
beene
Conquered
.
That
they
haue
beene
forced
to
contribute
to
imaginary
companies
of
Souldiers
,
(
perchance
to
foure
or
fiue
)
as
if
they
had
beene
a
compleat
band
.
That
the
Commissaries
haue
assigned
Quarters
and
passages
vnto
the
Souldiers
,
without
ever
asking
leaue
of
the
Princes
or
Countries
.
That
people
haue
beene
tortured
for
their
money
,
had
their
Cattell
driven
away
,
their
houses
fired
,
and
all
Commerce
driven
out
of
their
Country
.
That
the
Souldiers
neither
observed
martiall
discipline
,
nor
morall
honestie
:
neither
keeping
the
Lawes
,
nor
fearing
God
.
That
virgins
and
women
haue
beene
ravished
,
vpon
the
high
Altars
.
That
if
the
weekely
Contributions
were
not
payd
at
the
Commissaries
absolute
pleasure
,
the
souldiers
then
spoyled
the
Country
.
The
Marquesse
of
Brandenburg
complaines
,
that
notwithstanding
the
King
of
Sweden
had
two
parts
of
his
Country
(
the
old
and
the
new
Mark
)
yet
was
he
forced
to
pay
a
full
Contribution
,
for
the
whole
Marquisate
.
That
himselfe
,
by
the
Souldiers
so
long
lying
in
his
Country
,
was
left
so
poore
,
that
he
was
not
able
to
entertaine
a
Garrison
for
the
defence
of
his
owne
Palace
:
and
was
faine
to
abridge
even
the
necessary
provisions
of
his
owne
Table
and
family
.
That
the
Souldiers
enterteyn'd
by
the
Protestants
for
their
owne
defence
,
haue
beene
turn'd
against
them
,
to
take
away
the
Church
Lands
.
That
treble
more
Contributions
haue
beene
raysed
against
no
enemy
,
then
ever
were
when
the
Turke
was
in
Germany
.
That
when
the
Princes
of
the
house
of
Saxony
,
as
namely
,
Altemberg
,
Weymar
,
and
Colburg
,
had
excused
themselues
of
disabilitie
to
pay
each
of
them
1454.
Dollars
a
moneth
,
which
the
Commissary
Ossa
had
required
of
them
;
then
Tilly
threatned
to
fetch
10000.
Dollars
a
moneth
out
of
them
.
That
considering
all
this
,
they
could
perceiue
nothing
else
,
but
that
the
Emperour
had
intended
their
vtter
ruine
:
whereas
he
had
dealt
more
gently
with
those
of
his
owne
hereditary
Dominions
.
That
all
this
is
most
contrary
vnto
the
Oath
of
the
Emperour
,
and
vnto
the
Lawes
of
the
Empire
:
and
for
such
,
hath
beene
complained
vpon
,
by
the
severall
Electors
and
Princes
;
and
by
them
protested
against
in
the
late
Dyet
of
Ratisbone
.
Wherefore
they
now
humbly
petition
to
be
relieved
;
protesting
otherwise
,
that
they
are
no
longer
able
to
endure
it
:
but
shall
be
enforced
to
defend
their
persons
,
their
Consciences
,
their
Estates
and
Subjects
.
Resolving
notwithstanding
to
continue
their
due
loyaltie
and
obedience
vnto
the
Emperour
:
humbly
now
desiring
a
faire
and
a
gracious
Answere
from
him
.
Lypsich
,
March
18.
1631.
1.
That
considering
it
was
their
sinnes
which
deserved
these
punishments
;
they
command
publike
prayers
to
be
made
vnto
Almightie
God
for
the
averting
of
these
miseries
.
2.
That
meanes
might
be
thought
vpon
,
and
a
friendly
Treatie
appointed
with
the
Catholike
Princes
;
for
removing
of
all
jealousies
,
and
restoring
of
good
termes
and
concord
betwixt
them
,
as
for
seaventie
yeares
before
it
had
beene
.
3.
That
when
the
time
and
place
for
this
Treatie
were
once
appointed
;
the
Protestants
should
there
appeare
a
little
before
,
to
prepare
themselues
what
to
say
in
it
.
4.
And
the
fayrelier
to
dispose
both
Caesar
and
the
Catholikes
vnto
their
intentions
;
that
their
grievances
should
in
humble
manner
be
before-hand
by
Letter
presented
,
both
vnto
the
Emperour
,
and
the
three
Catholike
Electors
.
5.
That
these
grievances
should
in
those
Letters
be
pressed
;
to
be
contrary
vnto
the
Emperors
Oath
,
the
Imperiall
Lawes
,
the
priviledges
of
the
Princes
,
the
honour
and
safetie
of
the
Empire
.
That
the
warres
would
vndoe
all
,
the
insolencies
of
Commissaries
and
Souldiers
were
so
insufferable
,
as
that
it
stood
neither
with
their
Consciences
,
their
safeties
,
nor
their
honours
,
to
suffer
themselues
and
Subjects
,
to
be
any
longer
thus
abused
:
and
that
they
would
herevpon
desire
the
benefit
of
the
Emperours
so
often
promised
protection
.
6.
That
seeing
these
greater
and
fuller
Assemblies
were
both
chargeable
and
tedious
;
they
agreed
that
certaine
Deputies
should
as
necessitie
required
be
in
the
names
of
all
the
rest
appointed
,
both
to
treate
and
determine
of
what
should
seeme
convenient
for
the
Common
cause
.
7.
They
decree
of
levies
of
Souldiers
(
both
of
horse
and
foote
)
to
be
made
in
their
severall
Dominions
and
Divisions
:
without
crossing
the
Constitutions
of
the
Empire
,
or
offence
of
any
;
and
onely
in
their
owne
defence
.
8.
That
whereas
in
a
Dyet
of
the
Empire
held
1555.
it
had
beene
Decreed
;
how
that
neighbouring
Princes
should
liue
neighbourly
,
and
if
any
oppressed
others
,
the
rest
should
relieue
them
:
this
reliefe
they
now
promise
one
another
;
desiring
that
if
in
these
troublesome
times
,
the
levies
and
other
carriages
could
not
possibly
be
every
way
agreeable
to
the
Constitutions
of
the
Empire
,
that
it
might
not
be
interpreted
to
be
done
of
purpose
.
9.
They
decree
the
continuance
of
their
loyaltie
and
obedience
vnto
his
Imperiall
Majestie
.
10.
They
agree
also
vpon
the
proportion
of
the
Levies
.
Thus
the
Elector
of
Saxony
engages
himselfe
to
rayse
six
.
Regiments
.
Brandenburg
three
.
The
severall
Circles
of
Swaben
,
the
Rhine
,
and
Franckenlandt
,
three
Regiments
a
peece
:
and
the
Circle
of
the
Lower
Saxony
agreed
to
furnish
moneyes
for
the
raysing
and
paying
of
one
Regiment
.
Each
Regiment
of
foote
was
to
be
3000.
strong
:
and
of
horse
1000.
And
thus
the
Dyet
being
ended
vpon
Palme
Sunday
with
a
Sermon
;
Saxony
displayes
his
Defensiue
Banner
,
beates
vp
his
Drummes
,
begins
his
Levies
:
and
so
at
their
comming
home
,
doe
the
rest
of
the
Princes
.
These
Conclusions
and
Resolutions
of
the
Protestants
,
were
not
a
little
boggled
at
,
at
Court
;
did
not
slightly
displease
the
Emperour
;
and
startle
the
Catholike
Leaguers
,
with
their
Adherents
.
The
Protestants
heare
of
it
on
both
eares
:
For
this
,
are
they
both
by
words
and
writings
,
both
threatned
,
and
reviled
:
yea
their
new
League
and
strength
were
by
some
Confidents
,
not
a
little
scoffed
and
scorned
at
.
But
they
that
had
beene
vsed
to
hard
deeds
before
,
were
sufficiently
hardned
against
fowle
words
now
;
they
were
not
to
be
discouraged
this
way
:
they
did
their
businesse
,
and
let
the
others
talke
their
talkes
.
Things
going
thus
on
;
it
was
by
the
middle
of
May
every
where
perceived
,
How
that
these
Leaguers
of
Leipsich
,
were
now
in
very
good
earnest
.
For
now
vpon
the
taking
of
Magdenburg
,
the
Protestants
strongly
suspecting
by
the
inhumane
crueltie
there
vsed
by
the
Imperialists
;
that
it
was
not
a
heate
of
warre
alone
,
but
that
there
was
a
Coare
of
malice
discovered
in
it
:
not
an
Imperiall
,
but
a
Popish
spite
,
vnto
that
Citie
aboue
others
;
for
having
beene
one
of
the
first
that
harboured
Luther
and
his
Religion
:
they
beginne
to
make
it
their
owne
case
,
and
that
for
their
Religions
sake
,
all
they
were
likely
not
to
be
much
better
vsed
.
Some
therefore
of
the
neighbour
Princes
(
those
namely
of
Saxony
and
Swaben
)
demaund
of
the
Cities
of
Vlmes
and
Memmingen
,
&c.
Scituate
in
Swaben
by
the
River
of
Danubius
,
(
which
were
of
the
Protestant
League
with
them
)
to
enterteyne
for
Garrisons
some
of
these
new
levyed
Forces
.
Memmingen
consents
:
but
Vlme
being
a
greater
Citie
,
relyes
vpon
her
owne
strength
.
These
things
being
done
,
Command
is
given
by
the
Emperour
vnto
Eggon
Count
of
Furstenberg
,
(
appointed
Generall
for
the
Circle
of
Swaben
)
to
imploy
those
8000.
(
lately
come
out
of
Italy
,
after
that
the
warres
of
Mantua
were
ended
)
together
with
some
8.
or
10000.
more
,
against
those
Townes
aforesayd
.
Furstenberg
presses
so
hard
vpon
Memmingen
;
that
about
the
beginning
of
Iune
,
he
enforceth
it
to
renounce
the
new
League
,
and
to
purchase
the
Emperors
pardon
,
at
the
rate
of
50000.
Florens
readie
pay
,
and
25000.
monethly
Contribution
.
The
Protestants
League
being
now
noysed
abroad
,
and
another
meeting
at
the
latter
end
of
May
,
at
the
same
Leipsich
intended
;
thither
come
the
Ambassadors
of
England
,
Sweden
,
Saxony
,
and
Brandenburg
:
There
is
the
vniting
of
their
forces
with
the
King
of
Sweden
propounded
,
but
not
concluded
:
onely
the
passage
of
Wittemberg
heretofore
denied
him
by
Saxony
,
is
now
yeelded
vnto
,
to
be
open
for
his
Army
.
Mr.
Tilly
about
the
same
time
,
dispeedes
a
message
vnto
Saxony
with
overtures
of
a
peace
;
promising
shortly
to
come
himselfe
with
sufficient
Commission
to
conclude
it
.
This
being
suspected
to
be
a
plot
,
eyther
to
divert
or
stagger
the
resolution
of
the
Duke
,
or
a
tricke
to
gaine
time
;
and
that
Tillyes
Commission
might
perchance
be
in
his
scabbard
;
the
message
was
not
accepted
:
notwithstanding
that
Tilly
did
in
mid
Iune
following
,
come
in
person
indeede
,
and
at
Oldsleben
had
treatie
with
the
Dukes
Ambassadors
.
When
this
would
not
doe
,
Leipsich
Leaguers
,
dated
at
Vienna
,
May
14.
peremptorily
forbidding
any
place
of
the
Empire
,
to
grant
either
reliefe
,
passage
,
or
place
of
quarter
,
muster
,
or
rendezvous
,
vnto
any
of
their
forces
:
commanding
every
man
,
to
destroy
,
kill
,
and
persecute
them
as
enemies
:
and
the
easier
to
dehort
the
Leaguers
,
his
Majestie
offers
to
release
them
of
their
Oaths
,
taken
in
prejudice
of
him
at
Leipsich
;
and
to
grant
pardon
to
as
many
as
should
come
in
:
vpon
paine
of
death
forbidding
all
their
Subjects
,
eyther
to
contribute
to
their
levies
,
or
to
serue
vnder
their
Ensignes
;
but
to
turne
both
their
moneyes
and
persons
towards
the
advancement
of
his
Imperiall
service
;
promising
the
freedome
of
Conscience
and
Estates
to
all
that
should
thus
obey
him
.
Diverse
people
are
naturally
afrayd
of
thunder
:
some
of
the
Leaguers
therefore
,
(
and
especially
the
grave-headed
Burgers
in
the
richer
Cities
)
began
now
to
quake
at
the
noyse
of
this
so
hideous
a
Proclamation
.
Which
feare
of
theirs
,
much
coold
their
blouds
,
made
them
the
lesse
zealous
and
warme
in
the
resolution
.
But
he
that
hath
not
courage
enough
to
fight
,
hath
wit
enough
commonly
to
excuse
his
cowardice
:
So
fell
it
out
here
;
diverse
of
the
backwardest
palliating
their
owne
remissenesse
,
with
the
newes
they
pretended
to
haue
heard
,
of
the
mammering
of
the
chiefe
man
in
the
action
,
the
Duke
of
Saxony
.
And
this
had
like
to
haue
arrested
the
whole
Designe
.
Saxony
hearing
of
all
this
,
notwithstanding
he
was
at
the
instant
hard
layd
at
by
Hagen
Muller
the
Emperours
Ambassadour
,
to
come
over
to
his
Maister
;
yet
(
to
prevent
jealousie
)
would
he
not
so
much
as
once
speake
with
him
then
at
Torgau
,
but
referred
him
for
Audience
over
vnto
his
privie
Councell
.
Hagen
Mullers
Prepositions
were
these
foure
:
1.
To
consult
how
the
businesse
about
the
Church
Lands
might
best
be
compounded
.
2.
How
the
inconveniences
occasioned
by
the
Warres
,
might
be
eased
.
3.
That
the
agreement
of
Leipsich
for
standing
vpon
their
owne
defence
,
might
be
Cancelled
.
4.
That
he
would
advise
how
a
peace
might
honorably
be
concluded
with
the
Swede
;
and
that
the
Duke
would
mediate
it
.
The
answere
of
the
Dukes
Councell
is
too
long
to
insert
:
and
to
be
briefe
,
the
Ambassadour
returnes
not
well
satisfied
.
Immediately
hereupon
,
the
Duke
dispatches
his
Letters
vnto
the
severall
Leaguers
:
assuring
them
of
his
owne
Constancy
;
and
inviting
them
with
all
speed
,
to
hasten
their
preparations
.
These
Letters
of
Saxony
brought
about
the
matter
againe
;
and
he
,
to
shew
that
he
meant
to
doe
more
then
write
Letters
;
layes
sure
guardes
vpon
his
owne
Frontiers
,
some
eight
or
ten
thousand
men
:
proceeding
warily
hitherto
,
and
all
vpon
the
defensiue
.
The
Protestant
Princes
of
Swaben
,
(
which
lye
along
the
Danubie
,
betweene
the
Dukes
of
Wirtenburg
and
Bavaria
)
doe
herevpon
assemble
at
Essingen
;
resolving
to
sticke
close
to
the
Articles
of
Leipsich
:
reenforcing
their
levies
therevpon
.
And
now
the
fayre
City
of
Norenberg
in
the
vpper
Palatinate
,
returnes
to
her
former
resolution
;
notwithstanding
the
particular
threatnings
of
the
Emperour
,
to
giue
the
spoyle
of
it
vnto
their
great
neighbour
,
the
Duke
of
Bavaria
.
The
Citie
of
Strasburg
armes
also
:
and
the
Citie
of
Vlme
,
encouraged
by
the
new
Administrator
of
Wirtenburg
,
Duke
Iulius
;
refuses
to
giue
passage
to
the
late
troopes
,
comming
that
way
out
of
Italy
:
and
send
three
hundred
Muskettiers
to
ayde
their
neighbours
of
Memmingen
against
them
.
The
Landgraue
of
Hessen
(
against
whose
Country
,
it
was
generally
reported
that
Tilly
would
forthwith
come
;
and
that
he
was
already
for
that
purpose
vpon
his
March
as
farre
as
Saxony
)
bestirres
himselfe
all
this
while
;
levies
men
,
and
fortifies
his
Frontiers
.
Tilly
sends
,
before
he
comes
to
him
:
and
that
these
foure
Demands
.
-
1.
-
2.
To
giue
sufficiently
hostages
or
securitie
for
the
future
.
Directly
professing
him
eyther
a
friend
or
a
foe
,
to
the
Emperour
.
-
3.
Immediately
to
cashiere
his
Army
.
-
4.
To
lay
open
his
passages
for
the
Emperours
forces
:
to
receiue
Imperiall
Garrisons
into
Cassell
and
Sichenheim
;
and
to
giue
quarter
to
fiue
other
Regiments
.
Hard
termes
all
.
Vnto
which
the
Landgrave
returnes
though
a
Negatiue
,
yet
a
modest
answere
.
This
way
not
speeding
;
it
seemes
the
way
of
practise
and
of
trechery
was
attempted
:
for
the
Landgraue
presently
vpon
this
,
discovers
some
correspondency
enterteind
by
two
or
three
of
his
owne
chiefe
Lords
with
Tilly
,
for
the
delivering
vp
his
two
chiefe
Townes
of
Cassell
and
Sichenheim
;
for
which
they
are
executed
.
Tilly
after
this
in
a
rage
sends
three
severall
troupes
into
his
Countrey
:
his
owne
intended
expedition
against
him
being
diverted
by
newes
of
the
King
of
Sweden
.
All
this
while
(
namely
vntill
the
latter
end
of
Iune
)
was
there
no
assurance
of
the
Protestant
Princes
purpose
to
vnite
with
the
King
of
Sweden
:
but
they
all
stood
vpon
termes
of
neutralitie
;
kept
their
obedience
vnto
the
Emperour
,
standing
onely
vpon
the
Defensiue
;
without
once
offering
any
Act
of
hostilitie
,
where
they
were
not
first
provoked
.
Saxony
had
now
17000.
foote
,
and
3000.
horse
,
all
in
a
readinesse
.
Vpon
the
same
termes
stands
the
Marquesse
Elector
of
Brandenburg
:
who
notwithstanding
the
neere
alliance
betwixt
the
King
of
Sweden
and
himselfe
,
(
the
King
having
married
the
Sister
of
the
sayd
Marquesse
:
)
yet
that
he
seemed
farre
enough
from
vniting
with
him
,
appeares
by
an
action
of
his
,
which
had
like
to
haue
cost
him
dearely
.
The
Elector
denies
a
request
of
the
Kings
for
provision
for
his
Army
,
(
now
in
the
Brandenburghers
Country
)
and
especially
for
that
the
Marquesse
now
desired
his
Towne
of
Spandau
againe
,
which
vpon
some
termes
had
at
the
first
bin
lent
vnto
the
King
.
Which
the
King
taking
very
vnkindly
,
(
divers
Circumstances
perchance
occurring
)
all
of
a
sudden
besieges
the
Electors
Towne
of
Berlin
,
Spandau
(
Custrine
he
also
now
againe
desired
as
before
he
had
done
,
as
some
say
)
againe
consigned
over
vnto
him
as
before
,
as
a
Depositum
of
assurance
,
for
preventing
of
such
like
vnkindnesses
in
time
to
come
.
This
done
,
the
King
about
the
middle
of
Iune
,
returnes
from
his
Campe
vnto
Stetin
;
there
to
giue
Audience
vnto
the
Russian
Ambassadour
,
who
brought
him
an
offer
from
his
Emperour
,
of
a
great
power
of
money
towards
the
maintenance
of
his
Warres
:
requesting
on
the
other
side
,
some
Commanders
of
the
King
to
guide
his
Army
against
the
Pole
;
for
which
Army
he
also
desired
passage
through
the
Kings
Country
.
About
the
beginning
of
Iuly
,
the
Crabats
,
it
seemes
,
being
the
fore-runners
of
those
18000.
that
had
some
while
layn
about
Vlme
and
Memmingen
;
passe
over
the
Danuby
into
the
Duke
of
Wirtenburgs
Country
;
where
they
plunder
and
spoyle
11.
Townes
and
Villages
:
whom
,
Duke
Iulius
,
(
newly
chosen
Administrator
)
meeting
withall
;
what
with
his
owne
forces
,
and
what
with
three
Companies
of
foote
and
two
Cornets
of
horse
now
sent
vnto
him
from
Vlm
,
vtterly
defeates
three
troopes
of
their
horse
.
Thus
farre
this
new
Administrator
did
brauely
.
But
the
rest
of
the
Emperours
Army
vnder
Furstenberg
,
(
having
now
brought
Memmingen
vnder
Contribution
)
passing
the
Danuby
after
their
Crabats
;
first
take
in
Reitling
,
an
Imperiall
Towne
,
Duke
Iulius
looking
on
:
who
no
sooner
perceiues
them
to
make
towards
his
Army
,
now
lying
at
Tubing
;
1.
To
disclaime
the
Dyet
of
Leipsich
;
to
yeeld
obedience
vnto
the
Emperour
:
and
as
Hostages
thereof
,
to
resigne
vp
his
brothers
widow
and
Children
,
into
the
Emperours
protection
.
2.
To
dismisse
his
Army
:
giving
leaue
to
those
that
would
to
serue
the
Emperour
:
the
rest
to
sweare
,
never
to
beare
Armes
against
the
Emperour
.
3.
To
giue
Billet
and
Provisions
vnto
the
Imperiall
Armie
.
Tubing
is
hereupon
yeelded
vnto
the
Emperour
:
the
fortune
and
example
whereof
,
is
followed
by
other
Cities
,
both
in
that
Dukedome
,
and
throughout
Swaben
;
&
by
Vlme
among
the
rest
.
The
terror
strikes
one
way
,
as
farre
as
Heilbr●●
in
the
same
Dutchy
;
within
halfe
a
dayes
journey
of
the
lower
Palatinate
;
who
thereupon
dismisse
their
forces
:
and
on
the
other
side
,
the
Citie
of
Norimberg
quakes
,
in
the
vpper
Palatinate
.
In
so
much
,
as
(
in
a
manner
)
all
Swaben
and
Franckenland
,
fall
off
from
the
League
,
and
come
vnder
the
Emperours
devotion
.
-
1.
Whether
he
were
best
to
send
any
body
to
appeare
for
him
,
at
the
approaching
Dyet
of
Franckford
?
-
2.
What
to
answere
the
Emperour
,
now
pressing
him
to
renounce
the
Conclusions
of
Leipsich
?
-
3.
How
to
behaue
himselfe
towards
Tilly
,
who
now
began
to
vse
hostilitie
towards
those
in
Duringen
?
-
4.
How
to
answere
the
Duke
of
Bavaria
,
demanding
him
to
lay
downe
Armes
?
-
5.
How
to
pay
,
and
where
to
quarter
their
owne
Souldiers
.
-
6.
Whether
they
were
best
to
joyne
with
a
certaine
great
Prince
,
-
7.
What
were
best
to
be
done
,
for
the
relieving
of
the
Bishopricke
of
Magdenburg
?
What
their
resolution
was
,
appeares
by
the
successe
:
for
within
ten
dayes
after
this
,
(
that
is
,
vpon
August
the
second
)
the
Duke
with
his
Feild-Marshall
Arnheym
,
Musters
13000.
foote
,
and
5000.
horse
;
provides
his
Pioners
and
Carriages
;
Commands
all
to
be
readie
to
March
at
an
houres
warning
;
fortifies
Leipsich
;
goes
to
visite
his
Frontiers
;
and
to
the
Towne
of
Torgaw
especially
:
which
being
a
frontier
towne
,
next
vnto
the
Emperours
Countrey
of
Lusatia
;
and
scituate
also
vpon
the
River
Elve
;
lay
very
fit
therefore
both
to
cleare
that
Streame
,
and
to
hinder
Tillyes
further
intrusions
that
way
;
who
lay
all
along
vpon
it
,
betwixt
Magdenburg
&
Saxony
.
The
Landtgrave
of
Hessen
(
againe
)
about
mid
-
August
,
Catholike
Leaguers
,
had
beene
before
times
raysed
in
the
lower
Saxony
and
the
Palatinate
.
Within
a
while
after
whom
,
Altringer
followes
;
with
some
two
Regiments
more
:
which
had
heretofore
layn
about
Strasburg
&
Hagenaw
.
Some
of
Tillyes
also
lye
vpon
him
about
the
River
Werra
:
and
thus
hath
Hessen
his
hands
full
.
Privately
therefore
goes
he
over
vnto
the
King
of
Swedens
Camp
at
Werben
;
Some
overtures
of
vniting
are
(
perchance
)
there
made
:
and
he
returnes
home
from
the
King
,
with
three
Regiments
of
horse
,
and
one
of
foote
;
with
an
able
Commander
over
them
:
all
lent
vnto
him
for
his
assistance
.
Brandenburg
,
about
August
22.
sends
Ambassadors
vnto
Saxony
:
and
Saxony
about
the
same
time
,
sends
privately
vnto
the
King
of
Sweden
.
And
now
(
perchance
)
were
the
overtures
to
the
future
vnion
first
agreed
vnto
on
the
Dukes
part
:
in
which
vntill
then
he
not
declared
himselfe
.
And
thus
appeares
by
a
word
of
his
,
spoken
about
this
time
at
Torgau
,
namely
;
That
if
he
thought
his
owne
shirt
knew
his
intention
,
he
would
teare
it
.
Which
reservednesse
of
his
notwithstanding
,
there
appeared
(
ever
since
the
late
Parliament
of
Dresden
)
a
good
inclination
and
confidence
in
the
Duke
towards
the
King
.
So
that
notwithstanding
his
shirt
knew
nothing
,
yet
this
may
we
guesse
to
haue
beene
the
great
secret
:
That
if
so
be
the
Emperor
would
not
come
off
,
or
did
so
fiercely
presse
vpon
him
to
take
in
his
Country
:
that
then
,
if
the
King
of
Sweden
by
his
joyning
with
him
were
likely
to
prevaile
;
he
would
rather
side
in
with
him
,
then
suffer
himselfe
to
be
over-run
by
the
Emperour
.
And
that
he
carried
a
more
private
good
affection
vnto
the
King
,
then
he
thought
it
convenient
as
yet
to
discover
;
appeares
by
his
desiring
of
some
expert
Commanders
of
the
King
,
(
and
Colonell
Teuffell
by
name
)
to
leade
his
Army
:
But
this
did
not
the
King
at
this
present
yeeld
vnto
;
because
that
had
rather
engaged
the
King
vnto
him
,
then
him
vnto
the
King
.
Surely
it
is
,
that
Teuffell
was
not
sent
vnto
the
Duke
;
he
being
one
of
those
that
were
on
the
Kings
side
,
slaine
afterwards
in
the
great
Battle
.
August
,
Saxony
Musters
his
forces
vpon
that
fayre
plaine
or
heath
by
Leipsich
:
namely
,
sixtie
Companies
of
foote
;
(
ten
Companies
to
every
Regiment
)
and
1000.
Muskettiers
for
his
owne
guards
.
Horse
4300.
(
of
which
1000.
to
a
Regiment
)
and
400.
for
his
owne
guards
:
over
and
aboue
all
which
,
were
1400.
Curiassers
or
men
at
Armes
.
These
be
the
names
of
his
chiefe
Commanders
.
On
Foote
,
Swalbach
,
Generall
of
the
Artillery
.
Arnheim
,
Feild-Marshall
.
Hans-George
of
Solms
,
Glitzwick
,
Looser
,
Star-Schedel
,
Colonels
.
Of
the
Cavallery
these
.
The
Duke
of
Saxon
Altenberg
,
Generall
Bindtorp
,
Sergeant
Major
.
Hoftkerk
,
Steinau
,
Colonels
.
Dove
,
Lieutenant
Generall
.
All
these
troupes
being
thus
Mustered
;
they
were
presently
furnished
with
400.
Wagons
of
Provision
and
Ammunition
,
and
sixe
peices
of
Ordnance
,
out
of
the
Dukes
Magazine
.
While
the
Armie
stayes
thereabouts
,
there
is
first
a
Trumpet
sent
from
Tillyes
Hoast
,
to
demaund
passage
of
the
Duke
.
He
returning
with
no
satisfying
answere
;
Tilly
sends
these
foure
Propositions
vnto
him
;
to
which
he
must
haue
a
sudden
and
a
Categoricall
Answere
.
1.
Whether
he
would
,
like
other
Princes
,
yeeld
vp
his
forces
to
the
Emperour
;
to
beate
Sweden
out
of
the
Countrey
?
2.
And
as
a
Subject
furnish
the
Imperiall
Army
with
provisions
?
3.
And
renounce
the
Conclusions
of
Leipsich
?
4.
And
restore
the
Church
Lands
?
To
all
which
,
the
Duke
about
the
beginning
of
September
,
returnes
not
onely
a
negatiue
resolution
;
but
aggravated
it
also
with
some
Circumstances
of
vnkindnesse
offered
him
by
the
Emperour
,
in
requitall
of
his
so
many
good
services
;
bemoaning
himselfe
,
of
the
vntrustinesse
of
the
Catholike
Princes
:
yea
even
before
the
Emperours
Ambassador
then
with
him
,
he
protests
;
that
they
should
not
finde
a
Duke
of
Wirtenberg
of
him
,
he
would
not
suffer
himselfe
to
be
led
by
the
nose
:
but
bade
the
Ambassador
tell
his
Lord
and
spare
not
,
that
he
would
liue
and
dye
in
defence
of
the
Conclusions
of
Leipsich
.
This
resolution
in
the
Duke
,
was
quickned
(
perchance
)
by
the
French
Ambassador
,
then
with
him
;
so
that
having
discovered
himselfe
thus
farre
against
the
Emperor
,
he
sees
no
way
but
eyther
to
be
vndone
by
Tilly
,
or
to
joyne
with
Sweden
.
And
now
while
the
termes
of
vniting
might
be
concluded
with
that
King
(
to
meete
with
whom
,
and
the
Marquesse
of
Brandenburg
,
himselfe
the
Tuesday
following
goes
vnto
Wittemberg
)
the
Duke
thinkes
of
keeping
out
of
Tilly.
Having
gotten
intelligence
therefore
,
that
the
Count
of
Furstenberg
(
now
joyned
with
Tilly
)
was
by
him
sent
as
a
Vantcurryer
vnto
Hall
;
and
that
he
made
provisions
of
Bridges
:
the
Duke
fearing
,
that
his
meaning
was
to
passe
over
the
Rivers
of
Sala
and
Mulda
,
and
so
to
make
for
the
Citie
Torgau
vpon
the
Elve
;
which
Towne
lying
betwixt
Leipsich
and
Wittemberg
,
had
he
once
made
himselfe
Maister
of
;
he
had
quite
cut
off
the
King
of
Sweden
,
from
ever
comming
into
Saxony
;
and
had
gotten
all
the
commaund
of
the
Elve
besides
,
Saxony
therefore
suspecting
Furstenbergs
intention
;
rises
with
his
whole
Army
from
about
Leipsich
,
and
makes
with
all
speed
towards
Torgau
:
both
to
secure
that
,
and
there
to
meete
with
the
King
of
Sweden
also
.
By
this
time
was
the
sayd
Kings
Army
drawne
downe
as
farre
as
Wirtemberg
;
himselfe
is
now
at
the
Consultation
of
Torgau
:
Brandenburg
was
already
joyned
with
him
:
and
nothing
hindred
Saxonyes
vniting
too
;
but
some
termes
partly
of
caution
,
and
partly
of
honour
;
whether
he
were
to
yeeld
the
whole
Command
of
his
owne
Army
vnto
the
King
,
or
not
?
Which
the
King
absolutely
desiring
,
and
the
Duke
making
some
Objections
against
,
the
Vnion
was
the
longer
a
concluding
.
Well!
if
Saxony
will
not
joyne
,
Tillyes
hast
(
for
he
longs
to
be
beaten
)
shall
quicken
his
slownesse
.
For
no
sooner
doth
Furstenberg
perceiue
his
designe
for
Torgau
defeated
;
but
thitherward
marches
he
.
Tilly
was
now
come
vp
to
him
.
With
3000.
foote
,
and
1500.
horse
therefore
,
first
he
takes
in
Mursenburg
,
Tilly
going
towards
Welsenfels
,
and
other
places
about
Leipsich
:
blocking
vp
by
this
meanes
,
even
the
Towne
it selfe
.
And
now
there
was
no
remedie
;
Saxony
must
joyne
,
or
be
lost
:
vpon
the
14.
of
September
therefore
he
thoroughly
condescends
vnto
the
King
of
Swedens
Propositions
.
And
thus
haue
wee
brought
Saxony
and
Brandenburg
into
the
King
of
Swedens
Army
.
Turne
wee
backe
againe
vnto
that
King
,
to
shew
by
what
degrees
and
approaches
,
he
gained
thus
farre
into
the
Empire
.
The
SWEDISH
Intelligencer
.
RELATING
THE
PROCEEDINGS
Of
that
PRINCE
,
from
his
first
Landing
in
GERMANY
1630.
vntill
his
great
Victory
over
TILLY
.
HISTORICALLY
DIGESTED
.
For
the
Readers
better
vnderstanding
of
the
King
of
Sweden
,
wee
haue
here
given
you
his
Majesties
Pedigree
:
which
may
serve
in
stead
of
an
Introduction
.
THE
PEDIGREE
Of
the
High
and
Mightie
Prince
Gustavus
Adolphus
,
by
the
Grace
of
God
,
King
of
Swedens
,
Goths
,
and
Vandals
,
great
Prince
of
Finland
,
Duke
of
Esthonia
and
Carelia
,
Lord
of
Ingria
.
-
Gustavus
Ericus
.
-
Ericus
,
-
Iohannes
.
-
Sigismundus
.
-
Ladislaus
.
-
Carolus
.
-
Gustavus
-
Adolphus
.
GVSTAVVS
ERICVS
,
Denmark
,
Anno
1518.
Which
Hostages
he
having
gotten
into
his
power
,
most
perfidiously
reteined
as
his
prisoners
;
carrying
them
away
with
him
into
Denmarke
.
But
Gustavus
having
found
both
favour
and
libertie
one
day
to
goe
a
hunting
;
disguises
himselfe
,
and
escapes
:
after
many
dangers
arriving
in
his
owne
Countrey
,
Anno
1520.
About
which
time
the
sayd
King
Christiern
contrary
vnto
his
promise
made
vnto
the
Swedes
vpon
their
submission
,
vpon
which
he
promised
to
remit
all
offences
:
beyond
all
examples
of
Christianitie
within
foure
dayes
after
his
Coronation
,
causes
all
the
Nobilitie
,
Gentry
,
Bishops
,
Counsellors
,
and
prime
Citizens
of
the
Kingdome
of
Sweden
,
to
be
eyther
hang'd
or
beheaded
:
the
streetes
of
Stockholme
,
where
he
was
Crowned
,
to
runne
with
bloud
;
the
carcasses
to
lye
three
dayes
vnburied
,
and
then
to
be
burned
,
&c.
Amongst
the
number
of
the
massacred
,
the
Father
of
Gustavus
was
one
.
When
Gustavus
had
once
heard
of
this
hideous
newes
;
he
,
having
that
winter
time
gathered
some
small
company
together
,
exciteth
the
Swedes
to
vindicate
their
Countryes
libertie
.
In
the
valourous
successe
whereof
,
himselfe
having
beene
a
chiefe
Author
,
is
in
the
yeare
1523.
by
consent
of
all
the
States
of
the
Country
,
chosen
King
.
He
thus
elected
,
refuseth
to
be
Crowned
:
contenting
himselfe
onely
with
the
title
of
Governour
.
By
authoritie
of
which
dignitie
,
Anno
1527.
he
summons
a
Parliament
;
where
he
propounds
the
Reformation
of
Religion
:
in
which
finding
much
opposition
,
and
little
hope
;
he
surrenders
the
Kingdome
vnto
the
States
againe
.
The
Land
thus
brought
into
a
streight
,
humbly
beseech
Gustavus
,
once
againe
to
accept
of
the
Kingdome
.
Thus
was
he
Crowned
Anno
1527.
becomming
the
first
Protestant
King
that
ever
was
in
the
world
.
This
same
yeare
was
Rome
taken
by
Charles
Duke
of
Burbon
.
This
Gustavus
from
the
time
of
his
Coronation
reigned
33.
yeares
.
Ericus
,
the
eldest
sonne
of
Gustavus
succeeded
his
Father
.
Anno
1560.
who
reigning
eight
yeares
,
dyes
without
Issue
.
Iohn
,
the
second
sonne
of
Gustavus
succeeded
his
Brother
,
Anno
1568.
Reigned
24.
yeares
.
His
onely
Issue
was
Sigismund
;
chosen
in
his
Fathers
life
time
(
viz.
1587.
)
King
of
Poland
,
and
is
yet
living
.
Sigismund
,
King
of
Poland
succeeded
his
Father
Iohn
in
the
Kingdome
of
Sweden
,
Anno
1594.
He
tooke
an
Oath
to
maintaine
the
priviledges
of
the
Kingdome
,
to
admit
no
other
Religion
then
that
of
the
Augustane
Confession
;
and
to
bring
in
no
Strangers
.
Which
Oath
he
palpably
now
violating
;
first
,
by
going
about
to
alter
the
Religion
;
then
by
endevouring
to
enslaue
Sweden
,
by
making
it
to
be
a
Province
of
the
Kingdome
of
Poland
,
Anno
1599.
he
was
in
a
full
assembly
of
the
States
of
Sweden
,
rejected
and
deposed
:
and
his
Sonne
Ladislaus
(
then
an
Infant
)
chosen
in
his
place
:
But
with
this
Condition
,
If
within
six
moneths
he
were
sent
into
Sweden
,
there
to
be
brought
vp
in
the
Protestant
Religion
.
Ladislaus
,
Sonne
of
Sigismund
,
not
being
sent
into
Sweden
according
to
the
Condition
of
his
Election
,
lost
his
title
vnto
the
Kingdome
.
And
Charles
Duke
of
Suderman
,
the
third
and
youngest
Sonne
of
Gustavus
,
&
the
deliverer
of
his
Country
from
the
oppression
of
the
Polacks
,
was
chosen
King
,
in
the
yeare
1601.
Gustavus
Adolphus
,
the
Sonne
of
Charles
,
succeeded
his
Father
Anno
1612.
being
the
present
,
and
hitherto
the
successe-full
Assertor
of
the
Germane
libertie
.
Here
may
it
fayrely
be
observed
.
1.
That
all
the
posteritie
of
Gustavus
(
which
with
himselfe
are
seaven
in
number
)
were
eyther
Kings
,
or
elected
to
a
Kingdome
,
vnto
the
third
and
fourth
generation
.
The
last
whereof
,
and
the
seaventh
in
order
,
is
the
present
Gustavus
.
2.
Obserue
.
That
Gustavus
Ericus
,
the
Grandfather
of
this
Gustavus
Adolphus
,
obtained
a
Kingdome
by
delivering
his
Country
from
the
Tyranny
of
the
Danes
:
Charles
his
Father
,
for
delivering
it
from
the
Pole
.
In
which
heroicall
disposition
of
his
Ancestors
,
Gustavus
Adolphus
now
succeeds
his
Father
and
Grandfather
,
in
vndertaking
this
present
warre
,
for
the
asserting
of
Germany
,
from
the
pressures
of
the
present
Emperour
.
3.
Besides
that
this
Prince
is
descended
of
a
Family
of
Deliverers
;
there
seemes
to
be
another
Omen
in
his
Stile
,
as
well
as
in
his
Pedigree
:
he
writes
himselfe
King
of
the
Goths
and
Vandals
;
which
Nations
haue
once
heretofore
beene
fatall
vnto
the
Empire
.
This
braue
Prince
having
in
the
yeare
16●9
.
had
first
a
warre
with
the
Pole
,
and
then
a
Peace
;
was
by
the
complaints
&
invitations
of
the
Germane
Princes
,
the
next
yeare
brought
over
into
the
Empire
.
You
haue
before
heard
of
the
miseries
of
Germany
:
and
yet
had
the
Protestant
Princes
in
their
Dyet
of
Leipsich
beene
modest
in
their
Remonstrance
:
they
had
not
told
you
all
.
Stralesundt
and
Stetin
,
Mecklenburg
and
Pomerland
,
were
so
heavily
oppressed
,
so
sorely
over-layd
,
that
they
had
not
breath
enough
left
,
to
be
heard
sigh
so
farre
as
the
Emperours
Court
.
A
sound
(
we
know
)
is
vsually
conveighed
further
along
the
water
,
then
over-land
:
which
may
(
perchance
)
be
one
of
the
reasons
,
why
their
complaints
are
sooner
listned
vnto
in
Sweden
,
then
at
Vienna
.
These
Maritime
people
therefore
finding
no
reliefe
ashoare
;
are
forced
to
fetch
their
succours
,
whence
they
vsually
did
their
Merchandize
,
out
of
the
Baltick
Sea
.
The
King
of
Sweden
is
allyed
with
Bogislaus
Duke
of
Stetin
;
and
with
Iohn
Albert
and
his
brother
,
Dukes
of
Mecklenburg
:
is
confederate
with
Stralesundt
and
Pomerland
,
and
therefore
likeliest
to
be
their
Friend
.
His
safetie
much
depended
vpon
theirs
:
had
the
Emperour
beene
Maister
of
those
Ports
and
Sea-coasts
;
he
would
neither
haue
beene
so
fayre
a
Merchant
to
him
;
and
might
withall
haue
proved
a
more
dangerous
and
over-maisterly
a
neighbour
.
Againe
,
this
King
now
having
a
good
Peace
,
had
therfore
the
better
leisure
.
His
Army
being
not
yet
cashier'd
,
the
reliefe
would
not
altogether
be
so
chargeable
.
His
experience
in
the
warres
being
great
,
his
fame
(
now
after
the
beating
of
the
Pole
,
and
two
Imperiall
Armies
in
Prussia
,
)
more
;
he
was
also
thought
to
be
the
ablest
to
deliver
them
.
His
Majestie
therefore
being
by
the
pittifull
and
redoubled
complaints
of
his
Allyes
,
his
Confederates
,
his
Neighbours
,
sollicited
over
and
over
againe
to
come
in
vnto
their
rescue
;
that
this
bare
invitation
of
his
Friends
might
not
be
censured
for
a
plot
betwixt
them
,
or
not
to
be
cause
enough
for
his
comming
:
loe
,
he
is
even
puld
over
by
his
enemies
provocations
.
But
for
the
greater
Authoritie
with
the
Reader
,
we
will
giue
you
the
just
Apologie
of
that
Prince
:
the
pressing
reasons
for
his
moving
with
an
Army
into
Germany
,
himselfe
having
caused
to
be
Printed
:
the
Arguments
whereof
,
we
here
abbreviate
into
Propositions
.
His
Majestie
first
protests
;
That
he
had
not
stirr'd
at
all
;
Bethlem
Gabor
opened
,
and
false
Copies
published
of
them
.
That
his
Ambassadours
haue
beene
slighted
;
not
admitted
to
Audience
;
not
vouchsafed
answere
;
forbidden
to
stay
in
Germany
.
That
vpon
his
seeking
of
peace
,
by
mediation
of
the
King
of
Denmarke
,
he
obtained
nothing
but
affronts
and
delayes
:
and
that
writing
to
the
Colledge
of
Electors
,
then
assembled
at
Lubeck
,
1629.
he
found
in
their
answeres
by
their
Letters
,
the
maine
poynt
of
the
busines
not
once
toucht
vpon
:
and
so
no
remedie
that
way
neyther
.
That
the
poore
Towne
of
Stralesundt
(
notwithstanding
it
had
no
way
wronged
the
Emperour
,
and
had
received
Assecurations
and
promises
of
protection
from
him
)
yet
had
it
beene
blockt
vp
by
the
Duke
of
[
*
](A13222-e24210-b)
*
Walstein
.
Freidlandt
;
and
the
Island
of
Rugen
lying
in
the
Sea
right
against
it
,
taken
by
the
sayd
Freidlandt
.
That
the
Towne
and
Iland
aforesaid
,
his
Confederates
,
had
often
complained
vnto
him
of
this
injustice
,
and
desired
his
peacefull
mediation
first
,
and
his
Armed
assistance
afterwardes
.
That
considering
how
things
stood
betwixt
the
Emperour
and
himselfe
,
it
much
concerned
him
not
to
suffer
that
Island
and
Towne
,
to
be
possessed
by
his
enemies
:
seeing
they
lye
so
commodiously
for
the
commaund
of
the
Balticke
Sea
;
and
so
dangerously
for
infesting
of
the
Coasts
of
Sweden
,
which
be
right
against
it
.
That
the
Emperour
had
actually
molested
those
Coasts
with
shipping
;
which
he
had
newly
gotten
from
Dantzick
and
other
Hanse
Townes
thereabouts
:
had
hindered
the
Swedish
trade
,
and
merchandizing
vpon
the
Coasts
of
Germany
:
taken
his
Shippes
by
reprisall
at
Sea
;
layd
imbargoes
vpon
them
to
arrest
them
in
the
Ports
and
Havens
:
and
had
purposed
to
make
the
Sound
and
Sea
thereabouts
,
to
be
the
seate
of
their
pyracies
;
to
the
vtter
vndoing
of
the
Swedish
trade
that
way
,
and
the
great
molestation
of
all
Nations
that
trafficke
in
those
Seas
.
That
in
ayding
of
Stralesundt
,
he
had
done
no
more
then
the
King
of
Denmark
had
done
before
him
:
who
had
lent
them
a
garrison
;
which
vpon
the
agreement
of
Denmarke
with
the
Emperour
,
the
Towne
had
been
enforced
to
discharge
(
the
King
vpon
some
occasions
being
now
become
their
enemy
)
and
that
not
till
then
,
had
he
taken
the
Towne
vnder
his
protection
.
That
his
owne
comming
with
an
Army
into
the
bounds
of
the
Empire
,
was
vnder
publicke
protestation
of
no
hostilitie
meant
vnto
the
Empire
,
or
person
of
the
Emperour
.
That
his
comming
was
principally
to
relieue
that
distressed
Prince
his
Cosin
and
Confederate
,
the
Duke
of
Stetin
and
Pomeren
,
miserably
at
that
time
,
and
so
for
three
yeares
had
beene
,
injuriously
oppressed
by
the
Emperour
.
That
he
was
not
onely
ingaged
by
ancient
Allyances
and
Confederacies
,
to
ayde
the
state
of
Pomerland
thus
distressed
,
spoyled
,
taken
,
and
disarmed
;
but
it
concern'd
him
also
in
poynt
of
State
and
good
policie
,
not
to
suffer
his
enemy
to
be
Maister
of
those
Coasts
of
the
Baltick
Sea
;
whence
he
might
at
pleasure
infest
Sweden
,
and
at
leisure
and
opportunitie
invade
it
.
That
his
League
with
the
sayd
Duke
,
was
Defensiue
onely
:
and
not
for
any
offensiue
warre
against
the
Emperour
.
That
in
recovering
of
the
I
le
of
Rugen
,
he
had
rather
fayrely
turn'd
out
,
then
beaten
out
,
the
Imperialists
.
That
the
end
of
his
comming
,
was
no
more
then
the
reliefe
of
Stralesundt
and
Pomerlandt
;
and
the
securing
of
his
owne
Dominions
of
Sweden
:
too
neere
vnto
which
he
perceived
the
Emperour
to
be
now
encroaching
,
with
no
good
intention
.
That
if
peace
and
safetie
might
on
those
parts
be
assured
,
he
would
no
further
enter
into
the
Empire
.
These
Complaints
,
Aggrievances
,
and
Provocations
of
the
King
of
Sweden
,
were
in
fayre
and
respectfull
manner
,
by
Letters
first
presented
vnto
the
Emperour
:
and
when
that
course
brought
no
redresse
,
then
for
justification
of
his
proceedings
,
and
by
way
of
Apologie
,
were
the
Circumstances
enlarged
,
and
the
whole
Printed
,
for
the
world
to
judge
vpon
:
and
that
all
indifferent
Readers
might
there
receiue
an
Accompt
of
the
Causes
,
which
at
length
constrained
him
to
mooue
with
an
Army
into
Germany
.
These
Reasons
much
satisfied
the
world
,
made
the
pretence
of
his
comming
fayre
.
And
that
the
enterprize
of
this
great
Champion
of
the
Germane
Libertie
,
might
bring
Credit
with
it
,
as
well
as
Strength
;
both
rumored
and
feared
every
where
in
the
Empire
it
was
,
that
diverse
other
potent
Princes
were
with
him
interessed
in
the
Action
:
and
that
there
was
a
private
Vnion
made
betwixt
England
,
France
,
Russia
,
Sweden
,
Venice
,
and
Holland
,
(
all
then
at
difference
with
the
Princes
of
the
house
of
Austria
)
and
that
He
was
the
Head
of
the
Vnion
.
The
presumption
for
this
suspition
was
,
that
the
Ambassadours
of
these
Princes
were
observed
lately
to
haue
beene
together
in
his
Camp
;
and
beleeved
to
haue
communicated
both
Counsells
and
Intelligence
with
him
.
How
much
redoubted
his
comming
was
,
appeares
by
the
preparations
made
against
him
,
in
the
places
neerest
vnto
his
Landing
.
Swartzenburg
,
Coburg
,
and
other
places
.
Into
Pomerland
are
there
more
Forces
sent
out
of
Magdenburg
.
Torquato
Conti
was
now
appointed
Generall
of
the
Imperiall
Forces
in
Pomerland
.
He
and
Colonell
Hatzfelt
are
very
pressing
with
the
Duke
of
Stetin
,
absolutely
to
deliver
them
vp
the
passages
of
Gartz
and
Grippenhagen
vpon
the
Oder
:
which
it
seemes
that
they
wrung
out
of
him
.
The
King
of
Sweden
,
finally
hath
no
Towne
to
friend
but
the
distressed
Stralesundt
onely
,
where
he
might
safely
Land
his
Forces
.
Much
for
the
Kings
advantage
perchance
it
made
,
and
the
lesse
resistance
he
found
;
Torquato
Conti
,
a
man
not
beloved
,
then
commaunded
in
those
parts
.
Walstein
was
about
the
time
of
the
Kings
first
coming
eyther
busied
about
his
new
Dutchy
of
Mecklenburg
,
or
else
waiting
at
Memmengen
by
Regenspurg
,
to
receiue
a
new
Commission
to
goe
Generall
against
the
French
:
and
vpon
the
Princes
of
the
Empires
sore
complaining
against
him
,
he
was
by
the
Emperour
(
as
you
haue
heard
)
quite
discharged
of
his
Armie
.
Tilly
was
not
yet
come
so
high
vp
,
since
the
warres
with
Denmarke
.
Of
Pappenheim
we
heare
not
thereabouts
,
till
October
following
.
Plainly
,
the
King
of
Swedens
great
advantage
it
was
,
that
he
was
too
much
slighted
by
the
Emperour
:
who
though
he
fortified
places
,
yet
did
he
not
time
enough
employ
any
of
his
great
Captaines
against
him
.
And
that
the
Emperour
abused
himselfe
too
much
,
in
too
much
slighting
the
King
;
appeares
by
his
Answere
vnto
the
Duke
of
Saxonyes
Letters
,
in
August
giving
him
intelligence
how
farre
the
King
was
alreadie
advanced
in
Pomerland
,
Which
was
;
how
that
himselfe
was
so
well
provided
for
him
,
that
he
was
confident
to
scatter
any
power
of
the
enemy
.
A
despised
enemy
we
haue
by
experience
seene
to
haue
made
fowle
worke
:
and
God
mostly
workes
by
such
despised
meanes
,
that
himselfe
may
therein
be
observed
to
be
the
Lord
of
Hosts
.
Further
then
this
,
wee
will
neither
Comment
nor
Devine
.
Before
the
Kings
setting
foote
within
the
Empire
,
he
in
Aprill
sends
forth
his
gracious
Declaration
of
his
intent
to
maintaine
Stralesundt
,
&c.
Which
the
Emperour
might
well
take
for
a
Herald
at
Armes
to
proclaime
his
comming
,
and
so
prevent
it
;
and
not
complaine
afterwards
(
as
he
did
)
that
he
stoale
in
vpon
him
.
His
Majestie
having
thus
declared
himselfe
for
Stralesundt
,
makes
his
first
warre
for
the
freeing
of
that
.
A
small
Iland
there
is
in
the
Baltick
Sea
within
some
halfe
league
off
Stralesundt
,
called
Rugen
.
A
ragged
square
plot
it
is
,
some
seaven
Dutch
leagues
over
.
This
Ile
being
a
Principalitie
of
the
Duke
of
Pomerlands
;
was
(
like
other
of
his
Lands
)
rather
infested
now
,
then
guarded
,
by
the
Imperialists
.
That
the
King
therefore
might
cleare
that
I
le
,
and
his
owne
way
both
at
once
;
and
leave
no
enemy
to
trouble
his
Landing
,
or
to
come
vpon
his
backe
;
he
giues
order
before
his
owne
setting
forth
of
Stockholme
(
the
chiefe
Citie
of
Sweden
)
to
haue
that
Iland
begunne
withall
.
Whilest
these
things
were
there
a
doing
,
his
Majestie
is
in
his
owne
Countrey
busie
about
imbarking
his
men
.
Some
12000.
brought
he
out
of
Sweden
with
him
,
for
so
many
were
seene
march
:
His
Fleete
was
about
some
hundred
and
thirtie
Shippes
of
all
sorts
.
With
these
having
beene
fiue
weekes
at
Sea
,
(
whereof
a
whole
moneth
in
one
place
)
he
came
to
an
Anchor
neare
the
Iland
of
Rugen
,
which
lyes
a
mile
distant
from
one
of
the
mouthes
of
the
River
Oder
called
Pennemundt
.
This
I
le
of
Vsedome
where
the
King
was
new
landed
,
Mecklenburg
,
Pomeren
,
and
the
Towne
of
Stralesundt
.
On
the
7
.
th
day
,
his
Majestie
leaving
Colonel
Knip-howsen
,
then
Sergegeant
Major
Generall
,
with
two
Regiments
of
foote
to
defend
the
workes
at
Penemundt
;
with
the
rest
of
the
Army
passing
over
the
water
on
the
West
side
of
the
I
le
;
marches
vp
to
the
Towne
of
Wolgast
.
Here
had
the
enemy
a
strong
Sconce
on
the
water-side
,
directly
against
the
Castle
vpon
the
I
le
of
Vsedome
:
which
Sconce
,
his
Majestie
thought
fittest
to
be
first
assaulted
.
As
he
marched
towardes
this
Castle
,
the
Crabats
falling
out
,
begun
the
Skirmish
with
the
Kings
Horse
:
who
being
presently
seconded
by
the
foote
,
constrained
the
Crabats
to
giue
ground
with
great
losse
.
Those
of
them
which
were
not
killed
in
the
fight
,
making
great
hast
vnto
the
River
,
by
which
they
thought
to
swimme
over
vnto
the
Castle
;
were
all
miserably
drowned
.
Those
within
the
Sconce
,
thus
perceiving
their
fellowes
misfortune
;
in
great
hast
retyred
into
their
boates
:
where
being
hardly
charged
by
the
Kings
men
,
the
most
of
them
were
also
drowned
.
Their
confusion
was
so
great
;
that
three
hundred
of
them
then
perished
by
the
sword
,
or
in
the
water
.
The
whole
night
following
,
the
Canon
from
the
Castle
playd
very
hard
vpon
the
Kings
folke
,
but
with
little
or
no
losse
vnto
his
Majestie
.
Vpon
the
8
.
th
of
Iuly
,
his
Majestie
leaving
Sir
Iohn
Bannier
to
keepe
the
Sconce
that
was
taken
;
marched
from
thence
vnto
a
Cloyster
called
Pudegla
;
which
was
a
strong
passage
vpon
the
I
le
of
Vsedome
.
But
the
enemy
,
before
the
Kings
comming
,
had
spoyled
and
pillaged
all
that
there
was
,
and
then
ranne
away
.
Here
the
King
lodged
all
night
.
In
these
two
Ilands
of
Vsedome
and
Wollin
,
the
King
remained
some
twelue
dayes
;
vntill
he
had
made
sufficient
provision
of
Gallyes
and
other
Vessells
,
for
the
transporting
of
his
Army
through
that
great
Frisch
haff
,
and
from
thence
vp
the
River
of
Oder
,
vnto
Stetin
:
which
was
done
the
26.
of
Iuly
.
This
Towne
of
Stetin
,
is
the
Seate
and
Title
of
the
Duke
of
Pomeren
and
Stetin
:
Scituate
within
Land
it
is
,
Frisch
haff
,
being
the
chiefe
Towne
of
the
Countrey
,
and
the
onely
good
Towne
of
the
Countrey
in
sole
possession
of
the
Duke
,
that
was
free
from
Imperiall
Garrisons
.
And
now
the
King
landing
his
men
at
a
Castle
within
an
English
mile
of
the
Towne
,
about
ten
a
clocke
in
the
forenoone
,
presently
puts
them
into
Battalia
.
Grave
Neeles
and
the
Lord
of
Reay
commaunding
foure
hundred
Muskettiers
,
that
day
had
the
Vantguard
;
and
were
both
commanded
to
march
towards
the
North
Port
of
the
Citie
,
called
the
Mill-doore
:
the
King
in
the
meane
time
with
three
hundred
Muskettiers
,
making
towards
a
Horn-worke
,
that
was
then
a
building
,
within
a
Musket-shot
of
the
Dukes
Palace
.
While
this
was
a
doing
,
all
the
Ladies
and
Gentlewomen
,
were
in
the
windowes
,
and
vpon
the
Leades
,
looking
vpon
the
King
and
his
folkes
.
All
this
while
there
appeared
not
any
one
man
out
of
the
Towne
,
to
make
any
defence
:
which
the
King
now
observing
,
at
last
sends
a
Trumpet
towards
the
Ports
,
to
demaund
entrance
.
This
message
made
knowne
vnto
the
Duke
,
a
Colonel
,
who
had
the
Commaund
of
some
1200.
Muskettiers
within
the
Towne
,
is
sent
to
parlie
with
the
King
.
His
message
was
,
an
Assurance
from
the
Duke
his
Maister
,
that
he
had
resolved
to
stand
Neuter
.
His
Majestie
nothing
contented
with
this
message
;
sends
the
Colonel
backe
againe
vnto
the
Duke
:
commaunding
him
to
tell
his
Maister
from
him
;
That
he
was
not
come
into
Germany
for
any
private
ends
of
his
owne
:
but
sent
for
,
by
him
especially
,
and
other
distressed
Princes
;
that
by
the
force
of
his
Armes
,
they
might
be
free
from
the
yoke
,
which
lay
so
heavie
vpon
their
necks
:
and
therefore
,
great
reason
had
the
Duke
to
open
his
Ports
,
and
to
receiue
him
into
his
Towne
.
And
this
if
the
Duke
refused
to
doe
;
he
bad
the
Messenger
assure
him
,
that
he
would
enter
it
,
by
a
breach
made
through
his
Castle
:
giving
present
order
thereupon
to
haue
the
Canon
mounted
.
The
Duke
vpon
the
receipt
of
this
round
message
,
advises
with
his
Counsell
a
while
:
who
having
concluded
what
was
on
the
sudden
to
be
done
,
the
Port
is
opened
,
and
the
draw
bridge
let
downe
,
and
the
Duke
in
his
Coach
issues
out
,
waited
vpon
by
some
Gentlemen
on
Horsebacke
:
addressing
himselfe
directly
towards
the
King
.
Vpon
the
meeting
,
much
conference
passes
about
surrendring
of
the
Towne
;
the
King
pressing
;
and
the
Duke
excusing
,
altogether
desirous
to
stand
Neuter
.
Of
this
would
not
the
King
heare
at
any
hand
:
making
vse
of
that
(
which
in
Dutch
is
a
Proverbiall
saying
,
)
They
that
are
not
with
me
,
are
against
me
.
And
now
the
King
taking
notice
of
the
Ladies
and
Gentlewomen
on
the
Leades
and
Windowes
;
Cosin
(
sayes
he
to
the
Duke
)
if
you
meane
to
keepe
me
out
of
the
Towne
,
you
must
set
other
manner
of
people
to
guard
it
,
then
these
Ladies
;
for
I
le
assure
you
,
they
will
never
be
able
to
hold
out
against
any
one
company
of
my
Souldiers
.
The
Duke
perceiving
his
Majestie
,
though
pleasant
,
yet
earnest
;
desires
leave
to
goe
againe
into
the
Towne
.
The
King
consents
vnto
the
motion
:
but
sent
order
withall
vnto
the
Lord
Reay
,
to
guard
the
Dukes
person
thitherward
:
and
that
when
the
draw-bridge
was
let
downe
,
and
the
Ports
set
open
for
the
Dukes
Coach
;
to
enter
the
Towne
together
with
it
;
and
if
it
were
possible
,
to
make
good
the
Port.
The
Lord
Rcay
having
enough
of
his
instructions
,
so
disposes
his
Muskettiers
(
which
were
Scottish
)
that
two
hundred
of
them
marcht
before
the
Coach
;
and
must
needs
therefore
enter
before
the
Dukes
Coach
could
:
so
that
this
peice
of
service
was
done
,
even
as
the
King
would
haue
it
.
Thus
the
Lord
Reay
being
entred
within
the
outter
Port
,
the
Towne
Garrison
retyred
from
thence
within
the
inner
Port
:
and
the
Scots
entring
pell-mell
with
them
,
that
Port
was
also
taken
.
By
this
did
the
King
presently
enter
the
Towne
,
with
his
whole
Army
.
The
Duke
seeing
this
,
dismisses
his
owne
forces
,
which
he
had
till
then
,
there
kept
in
Garrison
:
who
thereupon
tooke
present
oath
and
pay
,
for
the
Kings
service
.
The
next
morning
,
the
King
commaunds
Sir
Iohn
Bannier
Generall
of
his
Infantery
,
to
take
with
him
600.
Swedish
Muskettiers
,
vnder
the
commaund
of
Grave
Ioachim
,
and
600.
Scottish
Muskettiers
,
vnder
the
commaund
of
the
Lord
Reay
;
to
make
an
assault
vpon
the
Towne
of
Damme
,
lying
a
mile
to
the
South-East
of
Stetin
.
The
Towne
had
on
that
side
but
one
approach
vnto
it
;
and
that
was
a
narrow
causey
leading
thorough
the
marish
,
vpon
which
the
Towne
stood
.
Those
12000.
men
now
advanc't
almost
as
farre
as
a
Sconce
,
which
guarded
the
end
of
the
Towne
;
a
Country-boore
comming
vp
to
the
Commanders
,
proffers
them
his
service
to
leade
them
a
secret
way
thorough
the
marish
:
by
which
meanes
,
they
might
more
easily
fall
on
,
vpon
the
other
side
of
the
Towne
.
But
the
Burgers
of
the
Towne
,
(
who
it
seemes
had
intelligence
with
the
Kings
forces
)
now
sending
vnto
them
;
desired
them
to
haue
the
patience
but
to
stay
vntill
night
,
and
then
they
promised
to
giue
them
entrance
by
a
private
posterne
gate
.
This
delay
was
cunningly
projected
by
the
Townesmen
;
and
served
them
to
very
good
purpose
:
for
had
the
Kings
forces
taken
the
Towne
by
assault
,
then
,
by
the
Law
of
Armes
,
had
the
pillage
of
the
whole
Towne
beene
their
owne
.
Thus
,
(
vpon
what
reasons
or
feares
I
know
not
)
the
enemies
Garrison
consisting
of
some
two
hundred
and
fiftie
Muskettiers
,
and
fortie
horse
,
forsooke
the
Towne
that
very
evening
;
taking
their
way
East-ward
,
towards
the
next
Towne
of
Stargard
.
With
the
Burgers
of
this
Towne
of
Stargard
,
the
King
having
also
intelligence
;
instantly
sends
thither
also
.
But
whether
it
was
,
that
he
thought
not
fit
too
farre
to
giue
trust
vnto
those
Burgers
,
and
to
adventure
his
owne
men
vpon
their
honesties
;
especially
since
the
Garrison
was
thus
lately
reenforced
:
sure
it
is
,
that
he
employed
none
of
his
owne
men
,
but
committed
the
charge
vnto
that
Colonell
and
his
men
,
who
had
layn
in
Garrison
in
Stetin
,
before
his
Majesties
comming
thither
.
This
Colonel
knowing
the
Country
perfectly
,
came
by
night
vpon
the
Towne
:
and
having
given
advertisement
vnto
these
Burgers
within
,
with
whom
he
had
correspondency
;
they
secretly
opening
a
Port
vnto
him
,
giue
him
present
entrance
.
He
thus
got
in
,
presently
cuts
in
peices
the
Corps
du
guard
,
which
had
the
Watch
vpon
the
Market-place
.
This
done
,
he
without
stay
goes
towards
another
Port
,
which
had
two
strong
Sconces
before
it
;
these
he
presently
assaulted
,
killing
three
hundred
and
fiftie
Souldiers
which
he
found
within
them
.
This
act
,
had
like
to
haue
lost
him
the
towne
:
for
the
rest
of
the
towne
Garrison
,
(
which
were
asleepe
in
their
beds
when
he
at
first
entred
,
)
now
hearing
the
noyse
,
start
vp
,
and
betake
themselues
vnto
their
Armes
;
shutting
withall
,
the
Port
behinde
the
Kings
Colonell
,
who
was
now
busily
employed
,
vpon
the
execution
within
the
Sconces
.
Very
hard
had
it
beene
for
him
to
haue
entred
the
Towne
againe
,
but
that
the
Burgers
at
the
same
time
taking
Armes
;
by
force
opened
another
Port
for
him
.
The
Garrison
by
this
time
having
gathered
into
a
head
vpon
the
Market-place
,
now
finding
themselues
too
weake
to
resist
so
great
forces
;
retire
themselues
into
the
Church-steeple
:
but
now
the
Swedish
turning
the
Canon
which
they
had
gotten
in
the
two
Sconces
,
against
the
steeple
;
the
Garrison
forthwith
yeeld
themselues
,
conditioning
to
goe
off
with
their
liues
and
Armes
saved
.
There
were
found
in
this
Towne
of
Stargard
,
500.
barrels
of
meale
;
much
powder
and
shott
,
and
some
Ordnance
.
The
King
after
fortifies
the
place
,
with
fiue
new
Bulwarkes
,
three
halfe
Moones
,
and
such
other
Outworkes
.
Whilest
this
was
a
doing
,
The
City
of
Stetin
being
thus
taken
,
and
the
King
vsing
the
people
royally
,
they
beginne
to
bethinke
themselues
of
the
good
alteration
they
began
to
feele
,
holding
themselues
happy
,
were
but
the
King
made
their
Protector
.
The
overture
of
a
League
first
,
and
the
Articles
afterward
,
were
therefore
now
treated
vpon
,
concluded
,
and
published
,
about
the
tenth
of
August
.
This
League
conquered
him
the
whole
Countrey
.
The
King
,
in
a
Preface
prefixed
to
the
Articles
,
Stetin
being
thus
agreed
with
the
King
,
willingly
giues
him
50000.
Rixe
Dollars
,
and
the
Countrey
as
many
:
The
Merchants
also
granting
him
a
Subsidie
of
Tonnage
and
Poundage
,
of
three
and
a
halfe
per
Centum
.
The
King
takes
care
first
,
for
the
guarding
of
the
Citie
:
to
which
end
it
is
not
onely
fortified
with
new
and
strange
workes
,
but
with
a
standing
Leaguer
or
Camp-royall
also
;
Gustavus
Horne
,
Feild-Marshall
to
his
Majestie
,
in
his
absence
commands
in
chiefe
.
And
here
the
Army
being
mustered
and
payd
,
is
sent
abroad
vpon
the
errand
they
came
for
:
and
that
one
place
might
not
helpe
another
,
he
with
severall
troopes
fals
at
once
vpon
severall
peices
.
To
shew
what
every
troope
every
day
did
,
were
to
write
a
Diary
,
not
a
Story
;
and
to
take
away
the
pleasure
of
the
reading
.
In
a
continued
narration
therefore
,
will
wee
prosecute
the
Story
of
every
Citie
,
and
Action
by
it selfe
,
from
the
beginning
to
the
end
of
it
;
and
then
goe
backe
againe
to
another
:
By
this
time
are
we
come
to
the
middle
of
August
:
and
the
King
by
the
taking
of
Stargard
,
advanc't
as
farre
into
the
Countrey
as
right
against
Gartz
and
Grippenhagen
;
is
desired
by
these
of
Stetin
to
besiege
these
two
Townes
;
because
the
Garrisons
that
lay
in
them
,
vsed
to
ramble
over
all
the
Countrey
,
to
spoyle
,
and
plunder
,
and
fetch
in
Contribution
.
But
the
King
perceiving
those
strong
places
would
take
vp
too
much
time
,
and
he
having
a
designe
to
cleare
the
Dutchy
of
Mecklenburg
,
as
well
as
Pomeren
;
turnes
his
Army
backe
againe
to
these
quarters
:
with
a
purpose
in
time
to
take
the
chiefe
passages
thither
,
before
the
enemy
should
prevent
him
,
and
put
him
thereby
to
more
trouble
;
Passing
therefore
beyond
Stetin
and
towards
Stralesundt
againe
,
he
sets
him
downe
before
Wolgast
;
whose
Port
(
as
you
heard
)
he
had
before
taken
.
Torquati
Conti
the
Emperours
Generall
in
those
parts
,
lay
with
his
Army
at
that
time
at
Ancklam
,
a
Towne
hard
by
Wolgast
:
he
hoping
to
rescue
the
peice
,
comes
with
three
Regiments
towards
the
reliefe
of
it
:
but
is
well
beaten
for
his
labour
;
said
to
loose
12.
Ensignes
and
3.
Cornets
in
the
Skirmish
.
The
Castle
thus
defeated
of
her
succours
,
parlies
:
the
conditions
desired
by
the
Garrison
,
were
,
To
march
out
like
Souldiers
with
full
Armes
,
Colours
flying
,
matches
lighted
,
and
their
swords
by
their
sides
.
The
King
will
let
them
goe
out
with
no
more
then
white
staues
in
their
hands
.
Those
termes
refused
,
the
King
falls
to
mining
:
and
with
two
boats
well
mann'd
and
furnisht
with
Ordnance
,
he
comes
to
the
Oder-bridge
,
there
landing
and
enquartering
his
men
.
Sends
for
the
Duke
of
Stetin
;
he
come
,
they
make
their
approaches
towards
the
walls
;
which
he
round
besets
from
the
Oder-bridge
vnto
the
mill-gate
,
raysing
Sconces
and
Batteries
every
where
,
where
the
ground
was
highest
.
Eight
thousand
Canon-shot
are
bestowed
vpon
the
walles
.
They
parlie
againe
;
and
the
King
condescends
:
six
hundred
Souldiers
thereupon
in
fiue
Companies
,
all
vnder
the
command
of
Colonel
Sclecter
,
come
forth
:
Whilest
the
King
besieges
this
Castle
;
Ancklam
thus
obtained
,
the
King
purposing
a
designe
for
a
voyage
into
Mecklenburg
,
Trebbeses
,
Gripnitz
,
and
Treptow
,
three
other
chiefe
passages
,
as
we
shall
tell
when
we
speake
of
the
Kings
expedition
into
Mecklenburg
.
[
*
](A13222-e27490-b)
*
This
Quint
was
set
on
,
to
haue
killd
the
King
.
Quint
,
who
had
before
run
away
from
the
King
,
fall
vpon
the
outter
Guards
of
the
Kings
Camp
,
and
cuts
them
off
;
putting
the
whole
Army
into
danger
.
But
they
taking
the
Alarme
,
fall
out
vpon
Quint
,
and
beate
him
off
with
losse
and
shame
enough
.
The
next
day
also
making
a
bravadoe
againe
,
some
thirty
more
of
them
are
taken
prisoners
by
the
Swedens
.
The
King
a
little
after
this
,
Musters
and
payes
his
Forces
newly
arrived
to
him
out
of
Prussia
,
for
which
he
a
while
stayed
,
without
doing
much
:
and
now
abroad
are
they
againe
going
,
his
Army
being
very
much
encreased
by
these
,
and
thirtie-six
troopes
of
horse
newly
entertained
.
Towards
the
middle
of
this
September
he
sends
abroad
3000.
horse
and
12000.
foote
to
be
doing
,
and
to
take
in
passages
:
sends
also
to
view
the
strong
places
of
Gartz
and
Grippenhagen
:
of
which
more
when
we
come
to
those
Seiges
.
But
here
let
me
insert
an
vnheard-of
Crueltie
of
the
Imperialists
vpon
the
Townes
of
Pasewalk
and
Vckermund
,
some
few
leagues
West
of
Stetin
:
about
mid
-
September
,
old
stile
,
the
Imperiall
Garrison
vnder
the
Commaund
of
the
cruell
Colonell
G●●ze
,
having
plundred
and
forsaken
the
Towne
,
and
carried
the
chiefe
men
away
;
on
the
4
.
th
of
September
2.
troupes
of
Swedish
horse
being
140.
strong
,
enter
the
forsaken
Towne
:
fall
with
the
Citizens
to
repayre
and
fortifie
:
3000.
Imperialists
of
the
Army
by
Gartz
hearing
of
this
,
how
finely
doth
Pasewalk
burne
?
Thus
their
rapes
and
ravages
continue
till
the
11
.
th
or
12
.
th
of
September
:
To
returne
to
the
King
.
About
this
time
it
seemes
had
his
Majestie
taken
the
oppressions
and
complaints
of
the
people
of
Magdenburg
into
his
royall
consideration
;
and
therefore
sends
some
forces
by
Sea
thither
,
to
joyne
with
the
Duke
of
Saxon
Lawenburg
;
which
Swedish
aydes
,
Sept.
25.
land
at
Dossou
three
leagues
from
Lubeck
:
of
which
more
when
we
handle
the
whole
Story
of
Magdenburg
[
*
](A13222-e27890-b)
*
Namely
,
where
wee
speake
of
Tilly.
together
.
And
about
that
time
himselfe
in
person
goes
to
Ribbenitz
in
Mecklenburg
:
where
his
Campe
is
pitcht
Sept.
28.
of
which
more
when
we
speake
of
Mecklenburg
.
About
the
same
time
of
September
,
is
the
brave
Lieutenant
Generall
Bauditzen
sent
to
the
siege
of
Colbergen
;
and
the
noble
Feild-Marshall
Gustavus
Horne
commands
the
standing
Army
at
Stetin
.
Thus
hath
the
King
foure
Armies
at
once
:
and
thus
are
they
all
imployed
.
October
5th
.
certaine
Crabats
making
a
braue
before
the
trenches
at
Stetin
,
driue
away
the
Cattell
thereby
feeding
.
In
rescue
of
them
,
out
sally
1000.
Swedens
:
the
Crabats
faine
a
slight
;
the
Swedes
too
rashly
pursuing
,
And
now
leaving
the
other
Armies
to
their
businesse
in
other
places
,
Torquati
Conti
not
ignorant
of
this
,
hath
a
designe
about
the
beginning
of
November
,
for
the
relieving
of
the
Towne
,
and
his
owne
treasure
in
it
;
hoping
eyther
vtterly
to
defeate
Bauditzen
and
Kniphowsen
,
that
now
blockt
it
vp
,
or
at
least
to
beate
vp
a
Quarter
,
and
so
to
thrust
some
succours
into
it
.
Gustavus
Horne
,
then
in
the
Camp
at
Stetin
,
having
notice
of
it
,
immediately
calls
a
Councell
of
Warre
.
The
resolution
is
,
first
to
send
Bauditzen
and
Kniphowsen
word
of
it
:
wishing
them
to
stand
vpon
their
guard
a
while
,
assuring
them
by
such
a
time
to
be
with
them
.
This
done
,
they
draw
out
halfe
of
every
Regiment
,
to
goe
along
;
every
Colonel
to
command
his
owne
:
all
being
Commanded
men
,
such
as
had
no
Colours
with
them
:
and
for
defence
of
the
Camp
leaving
the
other
halfe
,
with
all
the
Lieutenant-Colonells
,
and
Sir
Arthur
Leslye
to
command
all
.
Word
also
is
sent
vnto
the
Swedish
Garrisons
of
Griffenberg
&
Golnaw
,
(
just
in
the
way
)
to
come
and
meete
them
.
So
that
with
these
,
and
their
fellowes
before
Colbergen
,
they
might
make
some
8000.
foote
&
4000.
horse
.
The
enemy
was
also
some
9.
or
10000.
men
;
and
those
vpon
their
march
,
at
least
a
day
or
two
before
Gustavus
Horne
had
notice
of
it
:
but
they
going
the
further
way
about
,
through
the
Marck
,
and
so
along
behinde
Schiffelbien
,
(
as
farre
from
the
Swedish
Garrisons
as
they
could
,
for
feare
of
being
discovered
,
)
the
Swedish
were
at
Colbergen
before
them
.
There
found
they
their
owne
men
in
battell
array
,
and
no
newes
of
any
Imperialists
yet
.
Consulting
what
to
doe
,
they
there
resolved
to
stay
in
sight
of
the
Towne
,
to
amaze
and
affray
the
enemy
all
that
day
;
and
then
to
take
as
many
out
of
the
Leaguer
as
might
well
be
spared
,
and
so
to
march
away
by
night
,
to
meete
with
the
enemy
.
Gustavus
Horne
commanded
the
Foote
,
the
Lord
Reay
led
the
valiant
Scottish-men
of
his
owne
Nation
,
and
Bauditzen
the
horse
.
About
midnight
comes
a
Countrey-Boore
vnto
them
,
with
assurance
that
the
enemy
had
then
taken
vp
their
Quarter
in
two
or
three
little
Dorps
,
that
were
hard
before
them
:
els
might
they
haue
marcht
by
them
,
and
so
the
enemy
might
haue
gone
on
,
and
defeated
those
before
Colbergen
first
,
and
perchance
those
at
Stetin
afterwards
.
Here
the
Colonells
consult
what
to
doe
.
All
,
but
Kniphowsen
,
resolue
to
surprize
them
as
they
now
lay
scattered
and
devided
in
these
Villages
:
but
Kniphowsens
advise
was
to
stay
till
morning
.
His
reasons
were
,
first
they
knew
not
the
strength
and
lodging
of
the
enemy
:
so
that
if
by
any
error
they
should
be
defeated
,
Colberg
,
and
Stetin
,
and
all
were
lost
.
Againe
,
it
was
a
very
good
peice
of
service
,
to
haue
prevented
the
enemy
in
his
designe
;
and
if
they
could
not
beate
him
,
it
were
enough
to
turne
him
backe
againe
.
And
these
reasons
prevailed
:
so
that
the
Army
being
hardmarcht
,
sate
there
downe
to
refresh
themselues
.
Whilest
here
they
were
,
eyther
the
same
Boore
,
or
some
other
,
goes
and
tells
the
Imperialists
,
that
the
Swedish
were
hard
by
them
:
so
that
by
three
a
clocke
in
the
morning
they
might
perceiue
the
enemies
Dorps
,
all
on
a
flame
:
for
they
rising
to
be
gone
homewards
,
had
now
set
fire
vpon
their
Quarters
.
The
Swedish
perceiving
this
,
fall
generally
to
blame
Kniphowsen
;
resolving
instantly
to
pursue
them
.
Comming
to
the
forsaken
Dorps
,
there
knocke
they
downe
some
sixtie
men
,
that
the
enemy
had
left
behinde
,
and
so
follow
on
the
rest
.
At
breake
of
day
,
they
had
sight
of
the
retyring
enemy
,
vpon
a
fayre
Heath
:
whereupon
the
Swedish
horse
making
more
speede
,
by
eight
a
clocke
were
vpon
the
neckes
of
them
.
The
enemy
making
Alt
,
turnes
faces
about
to
them
:
whereupon
the
Swedish
horse
forbeare
to
charge
,
till
their
owne
Foote
should
be
come
vp
to
them
:
who
now
doubling
their
march
,
were
hard
at
hand
with
them
.
Thus
when
the
enemy
makes
a
stand
,
so
doe
the
Swedish
too
;
and
when
the
enemy
marches
,
the
other
lyes
beating
vpon
their
Reere
.
The
Crabats
(
or
Imperiall
horse
)
perceiving
themselues
likely
to
be
overmatcht
with
numbers
,
play
the
Pultrons
,
and
run
away
.
The
Foote
goe
on
in
this
fashion
,
till
they
came
to
a
Dorpe
,
or
Village
,
called
Faldinbruch
,
there
was
a
passage
at
a
water-mill
;
over
whose
bridge
they
were
to
goe
:
and
there
one
of
the
carriages
of
their
Ordnance
breaking
,
fowlly
stopt
vp
their
passage
.
Here
being
crowded
and
disordered
,
the
formost
began
also
to
flee
.
And
now
fell
there
so
sudden
and
so
strange
a
mist
,
that
a
man
could
hardly
discerne
two
Pikes
length
before
him
.
The
enemies
Foote
that
could
not
get
over
the
bridge
,
betooke
themselues
into
the
marish
by
the
Rivers
side
:
standing
there
vpon
their
owne
defence
,
with
matches
Cockt
,
and
Muskets
vpon
their
Rests
.
The
Swedish
comming
vp
to
them
,
they
demaund
Quarter
:
proffering
to
serue
the
King
of
Sweden
,
vpon
condition
every
Officer
to
be
vnder
the
King
,
the
same
they
were
vnder
the
Emperour
:
otherwise
,
they
would
dye
like
braue
men
,
and
sell
their
liues
as
deare
as
they
could
.
Quarter
and
Conditions
are
both
granted
them
:
so
that
there
still
a
while
they
stood
.
But
to
see
the
lucke
of
it
;
just
in
the
meane
time
,
returnes
Bauditzen
:
who
having
beene
pursuing
the
enemies
horse
that
fled
,
and
now
so
vtterly
rowted
them
,
that
scarce
ten
of
them
remained
in
a
Company
:
and
lost
them
in
the
mist
withall
:
he
seeing
the
enemy
stand
whole
in
a
body
together
,
and
not
knowing
of
the
agreement
;
falls
to
charge
them
with
his
horse
.
They
perceiving
this
,
began
to
suspect
trechery
in
it
;
that
the
Swedish
horse
should
fall
vpon
their
Reere
,
and
the
Foot
vpon
their
Van
;
&
so
they
should
perish
betwixt
both
.
To
prevent
which
,
they
putting
themselues
into
two
divisions
,
turne
backe
to
backe
;
those
next
to
Bauditzen
,
all
at
once
giving
fayre
fire
vpon
him
.
That
volley
made
a
Fell
of
many
a
braue
man
.
Bauditzen
charges
againe
,
charges
home
,
and
thorough
them
:
vtterly
breakes
and
defeats
them
.
The
other
Swedish
body
of
horse
hearing
the
fight
,
and
the
mist
not
suffering
them
to
discerne
the
matter
,
imagined
verily
,
that
the
enemy
had
beene
come
backe
againe
:
yea
messenger
comes
vpon
messenger
with
the
newes
,
Our
men
are
vtterly
defeated
.
And
when
as
some
of
the
horse
that
had
the
Van
of
the
Swedens
Foote
,
came
towards
them
;
they
certainly
beleeved
them
to
be
enemies
,
and
their
owne
men
to
be
defeated
:
and
thereupon
giue
fire
vpon
them
.
The
other
,
thinke
the
Devill
to
be
in
it
;
and
that
their
Foote
had
beene
defeated
,
and
these
to
be
enemies
:
and
therefore
fly
backe
againe
to
their
fellowes
.
Others
also
comming
vpon
our
Van
,
they
fall
to
charge
them
:
the
other
as
fast
letting
fly
at
them
againe
.
Thus
having
no
Colours
with
vs
,
wee
knew
not
friends
from
foes
,
our
enemies
,
from
our
fellowes
.
In
this
miserable
error
,
and
mysticall
meddly
wee
continue
,
vntill
4.
a
clocke
at
night
:
when
by
finding
some
of
our
owne
to
be
slaine
,
(
whom
we
well
knew
)
we
began
to
find
our
mistake
.
The
Emperours
whole
forces
,
both
foote
and
horse
,
were
defeated
:
their
Canon
,
all
their
baggage
and
foure
Cornets
,
taken
from
them
.
All
our
owne
horse
,
except
Bauditzens
owne
Regiment
,
ran
away
:
as
also
the
body
of
our
Foote
did
,
which
were
led
by
the
yong
Grave
of
Thurne
,
and
Colonell
Wallenstein
:
onely
the
Van
of
the
Swedish
Foote
stood
firme
;
Commanded
by
Baron
Teuffell
,
the
Lord
Reay
,
and
Sir
Iohn
Haibron
.
So
that
both
the
Armies
had
run
away
in
the
mist
;
except
Bauditzen
and
his
Regiment
of
horse
,
and
the
Van
of
Foote
aforesaid
.
These
stayed
after
the
fight
,
to
bury
their
slaine
fellowes
.
This
prettie
kinde
of
battell
hapned
vpon
the
11
.
th
of
November
,
1630.
In
which
,
what
with
those
that
were
slaine
by
the
enemy
,
and
what
they
had
killed
themselues
;
were
500.
men
lost
.
The
rest
,
partly
laughing
at
their
owne
mistake
,
partly
sorry
for
their
fellowes
and
Comrades
;
and
partly
glad
to
haue
defeated
the
enemy
;
they
returne
homewards
againe
:
Bauditzen
and
Kniphowsen
vnto
their
siege
;
and
the
other
vnto
their
Leaguer
.
Presently
after
this
,
in
the
middle
of
the
same
November
,
were
there
182.
houses
burnt
within
the
Citie
:
the
fault
was
layd
vpon
the
negligence
of
a
servant
:
though
others
suspected
it
to
be
a
villany
of
the
besieged
:
Sure
it
is
,
that
there
were
Letters
intercepted
by
the
Swedish
,
which
should
haue
perswaded
the
Garrison
,
that
seeing
they
could
not
be
relieved
,
the
best
way
were
to
fire
the
Towne
,
and
by
a
resolute
sally
to
breake
through
the
enemy
.
This
is
like
vnto
the
Imperialists
practises
in
other
places
:
who
at
Gartz
and
Grippenhagen
about
the
same
time
,
made
stay
of
all
the
Boats
that
came
vp
the
Oder
,
having
a
designe
to
fire
Stargard
with
them
;
by
that
meanes
to
haue
delivered
Colbergen
.
The
same
they
threatned
vnto
Stetin
also
:
which
made
those
Townes
stand
vpon
their
guard
the
surer
.
Towards
the
end
of
November
,
the
Swedes
cut
off
the
fresh
water
that
serv'd
the
Citie
.
In
the
beginning
of
December
,
the
besieged
vpon
an
advantage
sallying
out
,
surprize
a
Lieutenant
,
with
some
thirtie
of
their
enemies
;
and
the
Swedish
within
a
while
after
,
cut
off
a
Convoy
of
180
Wagons
laden
with
Corne
and
other
provisions
,
which
was
going
into
the
Citie
:
an
hundred
of
which
they
bring
away
;
the
rest
which
they
had
not
time
nor
meanes
to
doe
,
they
set
fire
on
.
In
February
when
the
King
was
gone
towards
Mecklenburg
,
the
Garrison
making
abroad
,
fetch
in
500.
head
of
Cattell
one
with
another
.
Thus
past
there
encounters
too
and
againe
betwixt
them
,
till
the
end
of
February
.
the
26.
whereof
,
they
now
finding
their
provisions
to
fayle
within
,
&
their
hopes
without
;
send
to
parlie
with
the
Swedish
Generall
,
who
acquaints
the
King
with
it
.
His
Majestie
condescends
,
A
report
was
also
spread
abroad
in
the
Country
,
that
before
their
giving
vp
of
the
Towne
,
they
had
digd
mines
,
and
layd
gun-powder
and
burning
matches
by
it
;
which
after
two
or
three
dayes
should
take
fire
,
and
blow
vp
the
Towne
;
which
the
Swedes
in
good
time
discovering
,
sent
after
them
in
all
hast
,
to
call
them
backe
to
an
account
for
their
base
trechery
.
But
this
we
cannot
affirme
.
True
it
is
,
that
they
were
sent
for
backe
,
and
stayd
at
Friberg
in
the
New-Marke
:
but
this
was
by
reason
of
Tillyes
crueltie
,
at
his
taking
of
New
Brandenburg
at
this
very
time
,
where
he
put
all
to
the
sword
.
The
day
before
Colberg
was
taken
;
1.
That
it
be
for
the
defence
of
either
of
their
Friends
respectiuely
,
for
the
securing
of
the
Ocean
and
Baltick
Seas
,
and
the
freedome
of
Commerce
in
them
:
as
also
for
the
restoring
of
the
oppressed
States
and
Princes
of
the
Romane
Empire
:
and
that
the
Forts
newly
erected
vpon
the
Ports
or
Coasts
of
eyther
Sea
,
or
in
[
*
](A13222-e29460-b)
*
The
Grisins
Country
.
Rhetia
;
be
demolished
;
and
all
reduced
to
the
estate
they
were
in
,
before
the
Germane
warre
.
2.
That
because
the
Adverse
partie
hath
had
no
minde
hitherto
,
to
repayre
offered
injuries
;
and
hath
rejected
all
intercessions
;
therefore
is
there
no
remedie
,
but
to
vindicate
their
safetie
by
strong
hand
:
for
effecting
whereof
,
the
King
of
Sweden
is
at
his
owne
charges
to
maintaine
30000.
foote
and
6000.
horse
in
Germany
.
And
the
King
of
France
to
pay
his
yearely
share
in
Rixe
Dollars
:
whereof
the
one
halfe
,
May
15
and
the
other
,
November
15.
eyther
at
Paris
or
Amsterdam
,
as
the
King
of
Sweden
shall
thinke
fit
,
who
is
to
appoint
his
owne
Receivers
.
3.
The
levying
of
Souldiers
or
Mariners
,
the
passages
of
shipping
and
ammunition
,
shall
be
in
eyther
of
their
Dominions
free
for
either
partie
,
and
be
denied
to
the
enemy
.
Offenders
against
military
discipline
,
and
such
as
runne
away
from
their
Colours
,
to
be
left
to
their
owne
Princes
to
be
punished
.
4.
If
it
pleases
God
to
giue
the
King
of
Sweden
good
successe
,
he
shall
not
deale
otherwise
in
poynt
of
Religion
to
those
places
that
he
shall
conquer
,
or
haue
yeelded
vp
to
him
;
then
the
Lawes
and
Constitutions
of
the
Empire
appoynt
:
and
the
Romane
religion
shall
still
be
left
free
,
where
it
is
now
practised
.
5.
Into
this
League
,
may
any
other
States
or
Princes
,
eyther
within
Germany
or
without
,
be
admitted
,
that
desire
it
:
but
let
due
care
be
had
,
that
whosoever
be
so
admitted
,
may
neither
privily
nor
openly
,
favour
the
adverse
partie
,
vnder
their
owne
name
,
or
pretence
of
others
;
or
offer
wrong
vnto
the
foresaid
Kings
,
or
the
common
cause
:
but
let
each
of
them
rather
contribute
vnto
this
warre
so
much
as
they
are
able
,
or
concernes
their
interest
:
Which
is
to
be
determined
vpon
by
a
particular
Treatie
.
6.
With
the
Duke
of
Bavaria
and
the
Catholike
Leaguers
,
in
the
Romane
Empire
,
let
termes
of
amitie
,
or
neutralitie
at
least
,
be
observed
:
if
so
be
,
they
doe
the
like
againe
.
7.
And
if
by
Gods
grace
any
occasion
of
Treatie
offers
it selfe
;
let
it
be
by
the
common
Counsells
of
the
Leaguers
:
nor
let
any
of
these
conclude
a
peace
without
the
other
.
8.
This
League
to
endure
for
fiue
yeares
to
come
:
that
is
,
from
the
day
of
the
date
hereof
,
vnto
the
first
of
March
,
old
stile
,
in
the
yeare
1636.
to
come
.
Within
which
terme
vnlesse
a
secure
peace
may
be
obtained
;
vpon
a
generall
Treaty
of
the
Confederates
,
let
this
League
be
further
againe
prorogued
.
It
is
moreover
agreed
;
that
because
the
last
yeare
this
League
had
beene
begun
to
be
treated
vpon
,
to
continue
for
six
yeares
;
and
that
the
King
of
Sweden
had
in
the
meane
time
beene
at
the
sole
charges
of
the
warre
:
therefore
in
regard
of
the
yeare
passed
,
the
King
of
France
vpon
the
day
of
Signing
these
Articles
,
is
to
giue
him
Bills
of
Exchange
for
300000.
pounds
Turon
,
which
amount
vnto
120000
Rixe
Dollars
;
which
summe
is
not
to
be
reckoned
in
,
vnto
the
payments
to
be
made
in
the
next
fiue
yeares
.
Of
this
League
the
King
of
Sweden
giues
present
notice
vnto
the
Protestant
Princes
now
at
the
Dyet
of
Leipsich
;
assuring
them
that
his
intentions
were
no
other
,
but
to
defend
and
restore
,
the
Germane
Princes
,
and
their
Liberties
,
&c.
All
the
backe
of
Pomeren
being
thus
cleered
by
the
taking
of
Colberg
,
turne
we
backe
now
againe
,
to
what
was
in
the
meane
time
done
in
other
places
.
The
King
(
who
would
see
to
the
doing
of
all
)
leaving
his
Army
in
Mecklenburg
,
was
now
come
backe
into
Pomeren
;
Don
Capua
a
Spaniard
their
Governour
.
In
Iuly
1630.
therefore
,
the
King
taking
some
fiue
Regiments
of
foote
,
and
one
of
horse
along
with
him
,
and
sending
his
Ammunition
vp
the
Oder
,
goes
to
looke
vpon
the
place
,
as
those
of
Stetin
had
requested
him
.
Being
desirous
one
day
to
satisfie
himselfe
in
viewing
of
a
passage
,
with
24
horse
onely
in
his
attendance
;
he
falls
into
an
Ambush
of
60.
horse
:
where
valiantly
defending
himselfe
a
while
;
Torquati
Conti
their
Generall
into
the
feild
;
the
King
with
some
ten
thousand
foote
and
twenty-foure
troupes
of
horse
,
presents
himselfe
before
his
Trenches
about
mid
-
August
1630.
He
not
disposed
to
come
out
,
nor
the
King
to
assault
him
in
his
Quarters
,
returnes
home
againe
.
In
his
returne
he
lights
vpon
Walensteyns
Sonne
,
(
the
Emperours
great
Generall
)
drawne
in
a
Coach
and
six
horses
;
guarded
with
an
indifferent
Convoy
.
Whom
the
Kings
horse
forthwith
charging
,
take
120.
prisoners
,
and
some
35.
horses
.
The
yong
Gentleman
quitting
his
Coach
,
escapes
away
on
horsebacke
.
The
plague
much
raging
in
Summer
time
about
the
Army
at
Gartz
,
Torquats
sends
the
diseased
into
other
Quarters
,
enterteyning
2000.
Crabats
in
their
places
.
About
mid
-
September
there
fell
out
a
most
bloudy
fight
:
Saxonish
,
Gotish
,
and
Swertzenhallish
Regiments
he
so
vtterly
dispersed
,
that
they
were
fayne
to
leaue
their
baggage
behinde
them
:
They
that
name
least
,
tell
vs
of
300.
Wagons
with
their
burdens
;
besides
14.
Ensignes
.
Colonell
Sparre
with
some
few
Wagons
of
his
owne
baggage
,
saved
himselfe
in
Custrine
:
Some
others
gat
through
into
Landtsberg
,
and
others
recovered
Franckford
vpon
Oder
:
about
which
last
place
,
they
after
rallied
their
forces
together
againe
.
This
was
certainly
a
notable
defeate
;
yea
so
notable
,
that
had
the
King
then
had
Custrine
in
his
hands
(
which
he
had
before
desired
of
the
Elector
of
Brandenburg
)
the
enemy
had
gotten
no
passage
over
the
Oder
at
all
;
eyther
into
Franckford
or
Landtsbergen
:
yea
he
had
gotten
them
in
fayre
Campagnia
among
his
owne
garrisons
,
had
still
followed
beating
vpon
their
Reere
;
yea
being
once
in
rowt
,
eyther
they
could
never
haue
made
head
againe
,
or
if
they
had
,
he
had
instantly
beene
vpon
the
powles
of
them
;
and
so
haue
vtterly
defeated
the
Imperiall
Army
.
Then
had
Pomeren
been
quite
cleered
,
Franckford
&
Landtsbergen
taken
at
one
blow
.
Silesia
also
had
beene
left
naked
:
yea
and
Tilly
being
not
yet
come
vp
,
Magdenburg
had
beene
saved
,
and
all
Mecklenburg
besieged
by
the
Kings
Armies
.
But
all
this
fayled
,
for
want
of
Custrine
.
The
King
returning
from
the
Chase
,
even
while
the
feare
and
dread
of
his
Armes
,
and
the
loue
of
his
justice
,
were
vpon
all
the
Countrey
:
Arthur
Leslye
comming
by
night
,
so
thunders
with
his
Ordnance
vpon
them
,
that
having
beaten
downe
the
gates
,
he
falls
to
enter
:
killing
some
twentie
of
those
that
made
resistance
,
and
taking
some
80.
prisoners
.
The
Castle
was
by
the
King
freely
given
vnto
the
Colonell
,
that
thus
tooke
it
in
.
At
the
selfe
same
time
,
falls
Bauditzen
vpon
the
Garrison
of
Piritz
,
But
the
chiefe
designe
,
was
at
the
strongest
place
,
Gustavus
Horne
was
sent
;
the
King
hoping
at
this
same
one
voyage
,
to
haue
taken
in
that
also
.
But
this
designe
was
for
that
time
put
by
,
as
we
shall
hereafter
shew
,
when
we
come
to
speake
of
that
siege
.
Yet
doth
not
Gustavus
Horne
loose
all
his
labour
:
for
hearing
in
his
returne
,
of
fiue
troopes
of
Crabats
,
which
vsed
with
strong
parties
to
make
sallies
and
cavalcadoes
,
and
plundering
voyages
out
vpon
the
Country
,
from
out
of
Himmelstadt
(
a
towne
some
League
or
two
to
the
Northward
:
)
some
of
these
he
cuts
short
;
and
others
of
their
Nation
in
other
places
,
about
this
Landtsberg
.
Thus
having
in
eight
dayes
space
(
which
is
admirable
)
taken
in
so
many
Cities
,
defeated
so
many
enemies
;
gotten
many
a
great
prisoner
,
and
now
cleered
Pomeren
and
Marckland
,
even
from
Prussia
side
,
all
betweene
the
Rivers
of
Warta
and
Oder
(
except
Landtsberg
:
)
he
calls
his
Army
together
againe
,
sitting
downe
with
it
at
Coninxberg
aforesaid
,
(
whither
he
brought
70.
peices
of
Ordnance
)
where
he
stayed
vntill
he
had
increased
it
with
some
new
levies
,
made
for
him
in
the
New
Marck
;
and
had
begunne
to
rayse
some
Sconces
for
the
securing
of
the
Country
.
Of
these
Sconces
,
one
was
hard
by
Custrine
,
and
another
neerer
vnto
Silesia
:
for
the
guarding
of
which
workes
,
and
the
blocking
vp
of
Himmelstadt
and
Landtsberg
withall
,
he
at
his
going
away
,
leaues
9000.
men
in
Brandenburg-land
.
Whilest
this
is
a
doing
,
the
King
in
person
goes
towards
Custrine
(
the
chiefe
Towne
,
and
the
strongest
of
all
Brandenburg
:
)
demaunding
to
haue
that
Towne
consign'd
over
into
his
protection
,
that
he
might
put
a
Garrison
into
it
,
and
so
keepe
the
enemy
from
returning
over
the
Oder
.
This
request
,
notwithstanding
it
were
by
the
Elector
denyed
,
(
not
daring
to
doe
it
as
yet
,
the
Imperialists
being
not
onely
in
that
Towne
,
but
in
his
whole
Country
beside
,
and
the
Governour
Krachten
disswading
it
mainly
)
yet
thus
much
courage
the
Elector
after
that
tooke
vnto
himselfe
;
that
he
presently
set
out
a
Proclamation
against
the
sharking
and
stroy-good
Imperialists
:
commaunding
his
Subjects
,
by
strong
hand
to
restraine
their
insolencies
;
and
to
let
none
ramble
vp
and
downe
the
Country
,
but
such
as
had
lawfull
Passes
.
Now
had
the
King
an
Army
of
some
18.
Regiments
of
Foote
,
and
86.
Cornets
of
Horse
:
and
now
by
mid
-
Ianuary
was
Generall
Tilly
come
vp
to
Franckford
,
Gustavus
Horne
with
a
reasonable
Army
towards
the
Frontiers
of
Silesia
to
staue
off
Tilly
from
comming
downe
that
way
,
vnto
any
of
the
new
conquered
places
:
himselfe
instantly
marching
into
the
Land
of
Mecklenburg
.
The
whole
story
of
which
,
and
his
Majesties
proceedings
in
that
Country
;
we
will
now
present
you
with
altogether
;
beginning
with
his
former
expedition
thither
.
This
Country
of
Mecklenburg
lyes
Westward
of
Pomerland
,
along
the
coast
betwixt
Brandenburg
and
the
Sea
.
Two
Dukedomes
it
hath
,
Schwerin
and
Gustrow
;
lately
possessed
by
two
brothers
,
Iohn
Albert
the
elder
brother
,
and
Adolph
Frederike
the
younger
:
both
the
right
heires
,
and
both
stiled
Dukes
of
Mecklenburg
.
These
Princes
had
the
Emperour
of
late
,
very
injuriously
devested
of
their
Estates
,
and
given
them
vnto
Walensteyn
his
great
Generall
,
with
the
Title
of
Duke
of
Mecklenburg
.
The
disseized
Dukes
,
complaine
vnto
th●ir
Cosin
the
King
of
Sweden
;
their
reliefe
was
another
mayne
cause
of
his
comming
in
Germany
.
His
Majestie
therefore
having
made
so
victorious
an
entrance
into
Pomeren
,
and
cleered
all
those
parts
vpon
the
confines
of
Pomerland
,
(
except
Gripswald
)
next
vnto
Mecklenburg
:
resolues
vpon
an
expedition
thither
in
person
.
About
August
6.
1630.
he
prepares
his
owne
way
by
taking
the
passage
of
Stolp
,
neere
Ancklam
,
some
fiue
leagues
below
Stetin
towards
the
Sea
,
whereby
he
hath
a
full
passage
into
Mecklenburg
.
Bart
,
Damgarden
,
&
Rubenitz
.
passing
vnto
Bart
,
a
Towne
in
Mecklenburg
,
standing
vpon
an
arme
of
the
Sea
,
a
little
within
the
shoare
.
That
takes
he
in
first
.
Then
hasts
he
to
Damgarden
the
next
Towne
on
the
East
side
of
that
arme
of
the
Sea
:
which
Towne
&
the
Sconce
to
it
,
he
presently
takes
in
by
assault
:
many
of
the
Souldiers
being
flung
out
at
the
windowes
,
and
some
others
by
mischance
burnt
.
Three
dayes
after
this
,
to
Rubenitz
he
comes
:
a
Towne
in
the
very
bottome
of
that
Indraught
or
arme
of
the
Sea
:
and
that
he
by
force
takes
also
.
Mescord
the
Governour
is
taken
prisoner
,
and
his
Lieutenant
Iers
,
slaine
with
a
Musket
shot
.
Here
pitches
he
his
Camp
;
giving
order
for
the
fortifying
of
this
,
and
Damgarden
and
Trubbesees
,
another
late
taken
passage
towards
Pomeren
.
Being
here
setled
;
Iohn
Bannier
,
(
his
Majesties
Lieutenant
for
those
parts
)
being
about
that
time
also
vpon
the
frontiers
of
Mecklenburg
towards
Pomeren
;
directs
his
Letters
vnto
these
borderers
,
to
this
purpose
.
That
seeing
the
Imperialists
thereabouts
did
nothing
but
pillage
and
plunder
them
of
their
Cattell
and
goods
;
and
that
the
King
his
Maisters
intention
was
,
onely
to
defend
them
:
therefore
they
should
send
their
Corne
and
Cattle
towards
Rubenitz
or
Stralesundt
.
Which
if
they
refused
,
the
King
would
thinke
those
pillages
wilfully
endured
by
them
to
relieue
his
enemies
,
and
that
they
meant
to
fall
away
from
their
owne
Princes
:
and
must
therefore
take
their
goods
where
ever
he
found
them
,
persecuting
them
as
traytors
and
enemies
.
Whilest
here
at
Rubenitz
the
King
lyes
encamped
,
and
his
forces
in
the
meane
time
busie
about
the
Country
:
there
arriues
an
Imperiall
Curryer
in
his
Camp
.
[
*
](A13222-e32060-b)
*
These
,
I
suppose
,
were
some
of
those
forces
,
which
the
King
had
sent
towardes
Magdenburg
:
&
which
had
landed
at
Dassow
,
within
a
lea●ue
or
two
of
Lubeck
,
about
Sept.
25.
having
beene
as
farre
as
Lubeck
(
one
of
the
Hanse
Townes
vpon
the
Frontiers
of
Mecklenburg
and
Holsatia
)
and
there
imprisoned
and
vncourteously
vsed
:
the
King
writes
his
Letters
vnto
the
Towne
,
to
this
purpose
:
That
seeing
such
discourtesie
had
beene
offered
,
he
could
not
but
admonish
them
to
forbeare
:
as
they
would
looke
for
the
like
vsage
,
where
he
had
to
doe
.
And
now
had
not
the
King
an
Army
alone
hereabouts
,
but
a
navy
too
vpon
those
coasts
;
to
confront
the
Imperiall
Navy
gathered
amongst
the
Hanse
Townes
thereabouts
.
For
in
the
beginning
of
December
,
I
finde
a
Sea-fight
betwixt
Gabriel
de
Roy
,
the
Emperous
Admirall
with
15.
shippes
,
and
9.
Swedish
men
of
warre
,
neere
vnto
Wismar
(
another
Hanse
Towne
betwixt
Rost●ck
and
Lubeck
:
Turne
we
now
vnto
Rostock
This
Hanse
Towne
,
The
Towne
eyther
not
willing
,
or
perchance
not
able
to
doe
this
,
the
King
beginnes
to
make
some
approaches
vnto
it
;
Thus
continues
Rostock
blockt
vp
both
by
Sea
and
Land
,
rather
then
besieged
;
vntill
after
the
Reinstallment
of
their
Lords
the
Dukes
of
Mecklenburg
againe
,
and
the
taking
of
Gripswald
in
Pomeren
in
mid
-
Iune
following
.
After
which
time
,
the
Swedish
Generall
Toodt
being
at
good
leisure
,
is
commaunded
by
the
King
to
conjoyne
10000.
foote
&
horse
,
of
those
forces
which
had
taken
Gripswald
,
with
5000.
of
the
two
Dukes
of
Mecklenburg
;
and
more
strongly
to
pursue
the
siege
of
Rostock
:
and
to
beginne
to
blocke
vp
Wismar
also
.
Againe
;
the
Queene
of
Sweden
a
little
after
this
arriving
with
8000.
new
men
at
Wolgast
;
5000.
more
are
sent
into
Mecklenburg
;
as
speedily
as
might
be
,
to
rid
out
all
the
Imperialists
.
The
Imperiall
Garrisons
in
Butzon
and
Gustrow
hearing
of
the
comming
of
these
last
5000.
conjoyne
their
faces
in
one
body
,
resolving
to
try
their
fortunes
vpon
them
,
and
to
giue
them
their
wellcome
into
the
Countrey
.
But
Doodt
and
Mecklenburg
provided
better
for
them
:
commaunding
all
the
horse
they
could
spare
,
to
convoy
in
their
5000.
friends
;
and
then
together
,
to
set
vpon
their
enemies
.
They
did
so
;
surprised
,
defeated
,
and
slew
the
most
of
them
:
having
the
chase
of
them
,
even
vnto
their
owne
Frontiers
:
and
had
the
Swedish
had
but
1000.
Muskettiers
more
with
them
,
they
had
(
as
't
is
verily
thought
)
at
the
same
instant
taken
Rostock
also
.
The
Swedish
Army
being
thus
re-enforced
,
and
the
enemies
weakned
;
they
become
bold
to
divide
their
Armyes
vpon
it
:
Duke
Iohn
of
Mecklenburg
with
8000.
men
continuing
the
siege
of
Rostock
;
and
Doodt
with
Duke
Adolph
of
Mecklenburg
going
to
besiege
Wismar
,
with
the
rest
of
the
Army
;
which
might
be
as
many
more
.
And
thus
I
finde
them
still
both
lying
August
25.
About
the
end
of
which
moneth
,
Duke
Iohn
so
well
plyed
his
busines
,
that
he
tooke
the
strong
Fort
or
Blockhouse
of
Warnemund
;
so
called
of
the
River
Warnow
,
which
is
the
Haven
to
the
Towne
of
Rostock
;
the
Fort
standing
on
the
West
side
,
and
neere
vnto
the
necke
of
that
River
,
which
next
vnto
the
Sea
is
so
narrow
,
that
this
Fort
hath
the
commaund
of
all
the
Ships
that
come
into
it
.
This
Fort
taken
,
the
Garrison
presently
tooke
pay
vnder
the
Duke
.
By
mid
-
September
,
had
the
Duke
made
his
approaches
,
Rostock
:
Tilly
in
vaine
attempting
the
reliefe
of
the
Citie
,
eyther
with
men
or
victualls
.
Now
was
the
Garrison
in
the
Towne
wasted
away
to
1500.
men
:
and
the
Citizens
weary
of
a
siege
,
and
fearing
to
loose
all
,
if
the
Towne
should
be
taken
by
assault
:
beginne
not
onely
to
wish
well
,
but
to
speake
well
,
in
favour
of
the
King
,
and
their
Lord
the
Duke
.
Thus
much
the
new
Governourm
Fermund
observing
in
them
;
beginnes
to
take
notice
of
their
carriages
:
and
to
put
both
the
Duke
and
them
,
out
of
all
hope
of
fayre
compounding
vpon
treatie
,
or
any
yeelding
;
he
causes
a
fayre
Streamer
to
be
hang'd
out
vpon
the
turrets
of
the
Towne
:
to
shew
,
that
he
would
hold
out
as
long
as
he
had
any
thing
that
was
red
in
him
.
Gustavus
Honne
with
the
Army
about
Coninxberg
;
and
writes
his
Letters
vnto
those
of
the
New
Marcke
,
on
the
East
side
of
the
Oder
;
to
this
purpose
:
That
seeing
he
haddow
cleered
their
whole
Country
from
their
oppressors
the
Imperialists
;
every
man
should
a
Gods
name
returne
to
his
owne
house
,
●●w
Marcke
.
trade
,
and
husbandry
:
he
professing
to
be
their
friend
,
and
promising
to
be
their
protector
.
That
which
he
desired
of
them
was
;
such
provisions
for
his
Army
left
amongst
them
,
as
they
could
well
spare
,
and
the
other
wanted
.
Those
that
did
not
,
he
would
take
for
his
,
and
their
Countries
enemies
.
Vpon
which
gracious
Monitory
,
divers
return'd
againe
,
without
molestation
falling
vnto
their
businesse
.
This
done
,
the
King
calls
off
the
most
of
his
Army
from
the
siege
of
Landtsberg
,
and
his
troupes
from
other
places
;
appoynting
their
Rendezvous
to
be
at
Dam
,
the
28.
of
Ianuary
,
Stilo
novo
:
and
so
Feb.
4.
he
againe
passes
Stetin
towards
Mecklenburg
:
where
with
an
Army
of
16000.
horse
and
foote
,
he
vnlookt
for
arrived
.
There
he
first
of
all
takes
in
New
Brandenburg
,
within
8.
leagues
of
Stetin
:
de
Savelli
,
an
Italian
,
finding
the
place
not
to
be
tenable
against
such
thunder
and
resolutions
;
Whilest
the
King
himselfe
is
here
busied
;
his
Lieutenant
Banier
goes
to
Loczin
(
hard
by
Dammin
)
and
takes
in
that
.
And
Malchin
another
good
Towne
is
by
a
stratagem
surprised
also
.
Freidlandt
is
likewise
so
served
;
and
all
the
other
strong
places
,
vpon
the
Frontiers
of
Pomerland
:
and
so
is
Westrow
by
the
Sea-side
.
Yea
all
the
strongest
places
,
to
conclude
,
in
that
Dutchy
,
except
the
foure
strong
great
Townes
of
Wismar
,
Rostock
,
Butrow
,
and
Dammitz
:
which
last
,
is
an
exceeding
strong
Towne
vpon
the
River
Elve
.
Thus
betwixt
Iuly
the
first
,
and
February
the
last
,
(
that
is
in
eight
moneths
space
)
hath
he
(
which
is
scarce
credible
to
report
)
taken
full
80.
Cities
,
Castles
,
and
Sconces
in
Pomerland
and
in
Mecklenburg
.
New
Angermund
,
on
the
same
side
of
the
Oder
with
Mecklenburg
.
By
this
time
are
some
forces
come
to
him
out
of
Scotland
:
and
there
being
no
more
neede
of
any
Garrisons
in
the
I
le
of
Rugen
,
those
he
calls
out
.
Thus
drawes
he
all
that
might
well
be
spared
out
of
all
his
other
Garrisons
of
Pomerland
,
taking
to
him
the
9000.
which
before
were
in
Brandenburg
,
&
those
that
lately
besieged
Colbergen
:
the
States
and
Gentry
of
Pomerland
,
he
now
commaunds
,
at
their
owne
charge
,
to
levie
10000.
men
for
their
owne
defence
:
which
forces
,
should
take
oath
to
himselfe
,
the
Duke
,
and
States
of
Pomeren
.
And
now
hath
he
13.
Regiments
newly
come
to
him
out
of
Prussia
also
.
Thus
makes
he
himselfe
as
strong
against
Tilly
as
possible
may
be
;
bringing
his
Army
from
Coninxbergen
,
over
the
Oder
,
and
forming
an
Army
of
some
15000.
men
,
betwixt
this
New
Angermund
&
Frejenwald
,
at
a
little
Dorpe
called
Swedt
.
Hither
he
brings
some
60.
peices
of
Ordnance
:
Franckford
,
Landtsbergen
,
and
Mecklenburg
;
and
a
Retreate
too
,
if
neede
were
.
This
Leaguer
he
fortifies
with
all
art
&
strength
possible
:
that
if
Generall
Tilly
should
adventure
to
fall
on
,
he
should
come
vpon
the
pikes
.
Another
Army
he
at
the
same
time
hath
,
(
and
that
very
strongly
fortified
also
)
betwixt
Treptow
and
Demmin
aforesaid
:
and
some
forces
at
the
same
time
likewise
,
at
the
siege
of
Gripswald
,
a
Towne
hard
by
:
which
might
,
vpon
occasion
,
easily
conjoyne
themselues
with
the
standing
Army
.
At
this
present
is
Monsieur
Tilly
vpon
his
march
thitherward
,
with
an
Army
of
some
22000.
men
,
and
26.
peices
of
Ordnance
.
From
Franckford
,
comes
he
first
to
Rapin
,
passing
in
his
march
,
not
farre
from
the
Kings
Leaguer
:
leaving
it
not
aboue
a
league
or
two
,
vpon
his
right
hand
.
If
some
make
doubt
,
why
being
so
neere
he
set
not
vpon
the
King
;
the
question
is
easily
answered
;
for
that
the
Kings
Camp
was
so
strong
,
that
he
durst
not
.
Secondly
,
Tillyes
designe
was
,
rather
to
haue
drawne
the
King
out
into
the
field
,
to
a
pitcht
battell
(
for
so
was
it
given
out
)
then
with
so
much
hazard
to
assault
him
in
his
trenches
.
The
more
therefore
to
provoke
the
King
,
he
falls
vpon
some
of
his
Garrisons
,
even
midway
betwixt
the
Kings
two
Armies
.
Tilly
therefore
having
some
few
dayes
expected
the
King
at
Rapin
;
rises
and
marches
forwards
.
And
to
tempt
out
the
Kings
forces
by
the
way
,
is
Colonell
Bernsteyn
(
a
forward
Gentleman
and
a
valiant
,
but
vnfortunate
,
who
was
afterwards
met
withall
)
sent
out
with
500.
horse
,
to
make
a
Cavalcado
vpon
Templin
,
(
a
towne
hard
by
)
thinking
there
on
the
sudden
to
haue
surprised
the
Swedish
Garrison
.
But
their
spyes
having
given
them
timely
notice
of
it
,
they
in
fayre
order
expect
these
hot-spurr'd
Imperialists
.
So
that
hard
to
it
they
fall
;
and
many
on
both
sides
fall
in
the
Encounter
.
But
the
worst
plainely
fell
vnto
the
Imperialists
,
who
carryed
not
home
so
many
as
they
brought
out
;
and
yet
they
returned
full
as
fast
as
ever
they
came
.
Tilly
perceiving
the
King
not
to
be
tempted
out
,
proceedeth
forwards
:
New
Brandenburg
,
now
kept
by
the
Swedish
:
New
Brandenburg
,
which
he
forthwith
streightly
besieges
,
Dammin
.
Tilly
thus
enraged
with
the
losse
of
his
men
,
after
a
large
breach
in
the
walles
made
with
his
Ordnance
;
he
March
9.
resolues
vpon
a
generall
assault
;
by
fine
force
breaking
into
the
Towne
,
he
takes
it
;
kills
all
that
he
findes
in
Armes
:
except
the
Governour
,
Colonell
Kniphusen
,
his
wife
and
daughter
;
foure
Captaines
,
some
Lieutenants
,
and
Ancients
,
with
about
sixtie
common
Souldiers
:
all
which
he
sends
prisoners
into
Stargard
.
Newes
of
this
being
brought
into
Friedland
some
foure
Leagues
off
,
which
was
kept
by
one
Regiment
of
foote
and
17.
troupes
of
horse
;
away
packe
the
Swedens
,
late
in
the
night
towards
Ancklam
.
The
King
also
hearing
of
Tillyes
hard
dealing
with
his
men
,
sends
back
to
haue
those
Imperialists
sent
after
and
stayd
,
which
had
newly
yeelded
vp
Colbergen
:
and
these
he
causes
to
be
kept
in
durance
at
Friedberg
.
Tilly
after
this
sends
his
Army
towards
Demmin
:
The
King
resolving
now
vpon
the
siege
of
Franckford
,
Lady
day
in
March
,
beginnes
to
passe
his
Army
over
the
Oder
:
vpon
the
27.
he
advances
forwards
in
good
order
,
with
some
18000.
men
in
his
whole
Army
,
besides
those
of
Gustavus
Horne
,
who
were
to
goe
for
Landtsbergen
.
Count
Schomburg
(
who
commanded
in
chiefe
within
the
towne
)
now
suspecting
the
Kings
purpose
;
takes
in
7000.
more
into
the
Garrison
:
whereof
twelue
troupes
of
horse
:
and
rayses
outworkes
in
the
destroyed
Vineyards
.
The
first
of
Aprill
,
comes
[
*
](A13222-e35000-b)
*
Or
Dupenbach
.
Teuffenbach
newly
made
Marshall
,
of
the
Imperiall
Army
.
He
burnes
downe
one
of
the
Suburbs
of
Lubus
,
to
disappoint
the
enemy
from
lodging
in
it
.
The
very
same
day
,
arrives
the
King
at
Lubus
within
a
league
of
the
Towne
.
The
next
day
,
he
entrenches
in
the
Vineyards
aforesaid
;
whereupon
the
view
of
the
Towne
being
taken
,
the
batteries
are
raysed
.
That
evening
,
the
Imperialists
make
a
brave
sallye
through
the
Gubens-gate
:
and
with
the
losse
of
a
Lieutenant
and
many
men
,
are
beaten
into
the
Church-yard
,
by
the
gate
aforesaid
;
and
glad
to
get
in
at
it
.
In
this
Skirmish
were
many
lost
on
the
Kings
side
too
,
and
Colonell
Teuffell
among
the
rest
wounded
in
the
arme
.
The
next
day
being
Palme
Sunday
,
Aprill
the
third
,
old
stile
:
the
King
keepes
the
solemnitie
of
the
day
,
with
prayers
and
Sermons
in
his
Camp
.
All
this
while
had
there
not
beene
one
shot
made
against
the
Citie
.
Wherupon
those
of
the
Towne
thinking
the
King
had
not
as
yet
brought
many
peices
with
him
,
begin
to
revile
the
Swedes
that
had
the
guard
next
their
workes
:
What
you
Bacon-eaters
,
haue
you
eaten
vp
all
your
Leather-gunnes
for
hunger
?
Out
of
a
Bulwarke
at
the
same
time
vpon
a
pike
,
hung
they
a
Goose
;
calling
the
King
a
wild
Goose
,
lately
come
over
the
Sea
.
The
King
regards
none
of
this
,
till
both
Sermon
and
dinner
too
was
done
.
About
two
a
clocke
,
the
Swedens
fall
to
worke
vpon
their
Trench
,
raysed
the
night
before
,
close
vnto
the
Gubens-gate
:
and
while
the
pioners
worke
,
the
Souldiers
with
pike
and
sword
,
beate
the
Imperialists
out
of
an
Outworke
they
thereby
had
,
into
the
Towne
.
That
worke
being
perfected
;
the
King
himselfe
(
then
who
there
is
scarce
a
better
Gunner
in
the
world
)
bends
twelue
peices
of
Ordnance
vpon
that
gate
:
vnder
favour
of
those
peices
,
clapping
two
Petards
also
vnto
it
.
Through
the
gate
,
partly
thus
beaten
open
,
and
partly
blowne
vp
,
doe
the
Swedes
towards
Evening
enter
;
others
getting
in
by
scaladoe
:
others
enter
pell mel
with
the
Imperialists
,
that
now
forsooke
their
stations
:
the
King
himselfe
getting
over
the
wall
also
by
the
old
Colledge
,
was
every
where
encouraging
his
Souldiers
.
Now
began
a
most
bloudy
fight
:
the
Swedes
running
into
the
danger
,
like
flyes
into
the
Candle
,
as
if
they
had
beene
blind
,
and
not
seene
it
,
when
as
there
was
nothing
else
to
be
seene
.
From
a
Turret
neere
the
place
where
the
King
entred
,
the
Iwperialists
shot
amayne
:
the
Swedes
threatned
to
cut
all
their
throats
if
they
gaue
not
over
:
vnto
which
,
they
now
perceiving
how
the
game
went
,
quickly
hearkned
.
By
this
time
,
were
all
the
Swedes
entred
by
the
Gubens-gate
.
Schawenberg
,
with
valour
enough
,
encourages
his
men
to
hinder
it
.
Vpon
him
,
now
comes
Bauditzen
with
fresh
troupes
of
horse
and
foote
,
and
beates
him
quite
out
of
the
place
.
Schawenberg
,
Teuffenbach
,
and
Monte
Cuculi
,
with
diverse
horsemen
,
escaped
into
Great
Glogow
in
Silesia
.
Lieutenant
Generall
Hiberstein
was
slaine
:
so
were
Heidu
,
Walstein
,
and
Iour
;
all
Colonells
;
with
fiftie
other
Captaines
and
Officers
:
and
1703.
Souldiers
at
the
least
,
dead
vpon
the
place
:
besides
those
that
were
drowned
;
and
others
found
in
Cellars
,
Chambers
,
and
elsewhere
,
as
many
more
perchance
.
Colonell
Sparre
a
Sweden
borne
,
(
who
had
once
before
escaped
the
King
(
as
you
haue
heard
)
had
the
honour
to
be
pulld
by
the
hayre
of
the
head
from
off
his
horse
,
by
the
Kings
owne
hand
;
being
with
seaven
other
Lieutenant
Colonells
,
and
some
seaven
hundred
common
Souldiers
,
sent
prisoners
into
Stetin
.
Ensignes
were
there
23.
(
some
say
41.
and
sure
there
could
be
little
lesse
)
with
8.
Cornets
,
presented
vnto
the
King
.
There
were
300.
Swedes
slaine
,
and
100.
more
hurt
:
whereof
some
mortally
.
The
rest
were
so
fierce
vpon
the
slaughter
and
pillage
,
that
the
King
and
Bauditzen
had
much
adoe
with
intreaties
,
threats
and
blowes
,
to
staue
them
off
.
To
increase
the
misery
of
the
Citizens
,
there
fell
a
fire
that
night
,
which
burnt
downe
17.
houses
.
Thus
was
the
Imperialists
Goose
sawced
,
and
thus
roasted
.
Here
found
he
very
much
riches
,
100000.
pound
of
powder
,
18.
great
peices
of
Ordnance
,
besides
many
lesser
ones
,
and
a
very
great
quantitie
of
Armes
and
Ammunition
.
Solemne
thankes
being
given
to
GOD
for
this
Victory
;
the
King
immediately
dispatches
4000.
horse
towards
Landtsbergen
,
Gustavus
Horne
(
as
you
heard
)
was
before
gone
:
himselfe
the
5
.
th
of
Aprill
with
more
forces
following
after
.
This
strong
Towne
of
Landtsbergen
in
the
New
Marck
,
scituate
vpon
the
East
side
of
the
Oder
,
neere
vnto
Poland
and
Silesia
too
:
lyes
vpon
the
River
Warta
;
which
running
out
of
Poland
,
falls
into
the
Oder
about
Custrine
.
This
Towne
lying
so
neere
the
Pole
,
with
whom
he
had
his
late
warres
;
makes
it
of
the
more
consequence
vnto
the
King
.
Faine
therefore
would
he
haue
surprised
it
at
his
first
comming
into
Pomerland
.
Immediately
after
which
,
August
15.
he
sends
2000.
horse
to
try
their
fortunes
vpon
it
.
But
they
could
doe
no
good
.
In
the
beginning
of
December
were
some
strong
parties
of
horse
looking
that
way
:
so
that
some
Swedish
over-confident
of
their
valour
and
fortune
,
would
needs
set
vpon
certaine
troopes
of
Imperialists
,
which
they
heard
were
then
abroad
,
betwixt
that
Towne
and
Schiffelbein
.
Gustavus
Horne
then
sent
:
and
from
thence
by
the
valour
of
Count
Cratz
,
Governour
in
the
Towne
,
is
he
for
that
time
put
.
Horne
returning
hereupon
,
hath
notice
by
the
Countrey
Boores
,
of
some
fiue
troupes
of
Crabats
,
which
out
of
Himmelstadt
,
a
Towne
some
league
or
two
to
the
Northward
;
vsed
much
to
infest
those
places
.
To
hinder
them
,
and
to
blocke
vp
the
Towne
of
Landtsbergen
withall
,
Gustavus
Horne
againe
sent
towards
this
Landtsbergen
,
with
twentie
Cornets
of
horse
,
and
foote
proportionable
:
Banier
then
going
as
Lieutenant
Generall
,
convoyes
the
Ordnance
and
Ammunition
.
No
sooner
was
Franckford
taken
;
but
the
King
the
very
next
day
,
dispatches
4000.
horse
thitherward
:
himselfe
the
5
.
th
of
Aprill
likewise
following
.
And
now
goe
they
to
it
in
good
earnest
:
the
King
on
one
side
of
the
River
Warta
,
and
Horne
on
the
other
.
On
the
Kings
side
was
the
Towne
naturally
guarded
,
by
a
certaine
morasse
or
marish
:
over
which
,
the
King
by
the
guidance
of
a
Boore
so
suddenly
passes
,
that
he
was
before
the
Towne
,
before
the
amazed
Garrison
lookt
for
it
.
Within
a
while
after
,
yong
Colonel
Cratz
,
(
sonne
to
the
Governour
)
would
needes
sally
out
:
but
a
musket-bullet
stopt
his
retreate
,
for
ever
going
to
tell
his
Father
.
Vpon
the
15
.
th
of
Aprill
(
the
King
having
fully
finisht
his
workes
)
by
three
a
clocke
in
the
morning
,
falls
strongly
vpon
their
outworkes
,
and
takes
them
:
and
three
hundred
Souldiers
in
them
,
which
were
willing
to
serue
vnder
the
Kings
Colours
.
The
rest
seeing
all
hope
of
reliefe
to
be
cut
off
,
Great
Glogow
in
Silesia
.
And
that
you
may
not
wonder
,
why
so
strong
a
Garrison
would
so
soone
giue
vp
so
strong
a
place
;
know
this
,
that
they
had
no
more
provisions
but
for
one
day
more
:
which
had
the
King
but
gotten
intelligence
of
,
he
had
had
the
glory
by
holding
out
that
other
day
,
to
haue
had
them
all
at
his
mercy
:
and
to
haue
given
them
their
liues
,
which
now
they
had
vpon
bargaine
.
About
this
siege
first
and
last
,
the
King
of
Sweden
lost
600.
men
.
Thus
are
all
those
parts
of
Pomeren
and
Marckland
quite
cleered
;
and
all
passages
open
into
Silesia
.
At
the
same
time
therefore
that
he
sent
one
Army
against
Landtsbergen
;
he
dispatches
the
Rhynegrave
and
Bauditzen
with
other
forces
into
Silesia
;
which
is
hard
by
Franckford
.
They
fall
vpon
Crossen
;
Great
Glogow
also
.
This
put
the
Imperialists
in
such
feare
,
that
with
all
speede
(
namely
,
about
the
end
of
Aprill
)
the
Emperour
sends
his
Ambassadours
to
the
States
of
Silesia
:
vnto
whom
(
now
met
at
Breslaw
,
the
chiefe
Citie
of
Silesia
)
are
these
grating
Propositions
offered
.
3.
Out
of
every
hundred
Rixe
Dollars
lent
vpon
Vsury
,
the
Emperour
to
haue
one
Florence
.
4.
Out
of
every
pound
of
flesh
two
Pfennings
.
5.
Out
of
every
tunne
of
Beere
,
twelue
Grosh
to
be
payd
.
And
this
Excise
to
continue
for
two
yeares
.
The
Emperour
is
now
enforced
to
lay
Contributions
vpon
his
owne
natiue
Subjects
and
Tenants
of
Gratz
and
thereabouts
:
whom
(
as
the
Princes
of
Leipsich
sayd
)
he
had
hitherto
spared
.
And
now
he
victualls
and
new
fortifies
Vienna
also
.
Thus
begins
the
Eagle
to
looke
to
her
owne
nest
.
And
now
is
the
Dyet
of
Leipsich
concluded
:
which
brake
vpon
the
same
Palme
Sunday
,
that
the
King
tooke
Franckford
vpon
.
And
now
are
Don
Balthasar
and
the
Baron
Dhona
,
sent
with
more
forces
into
Silesia
;
which
Diepenbach
Generall
for
those
parts
,
complaines
vnto
the
Emperour
that
he
much
wanted
.
By
this
time
is
the
most
of
Aprill
spent
;
Franckford
,
Crossen
,
and
Landtsbergen
,
Garrisond
and
fortified
by
the
King
:
and
his
Armyes
from
severall
parts
,
now
come
together
and
refreshed
.
Vpon
May-day
therefore
1631.
(
himselfe
the
next
day
being
to
come
into
Franckford
)
he
sends
some
ten
Regiments
of
foote
from
Furstenwald
,
(
which
is
about
a
league
from
Franckford
)
towards
Kopenick
backe
againe
into
the
Land
of
Brandenburg
:
after
whom
,
are
80.
troupes
of
horse
presently
dispatched
.
Vpon
which
May-day
,
is
Count
Ortenburg
sent
in
ambassage
from
the
King
vnto
the
Marquesse
Elector
of
Brandenburg
;
the
Propositions
were
,
to
desire
Spandan
and
Custrine
to
be
consigned
over
into
his
hands
during
the
time
of
these
warres
,
because
they
lay
so
convenient
for
him
:
both
for
the
passage
of
his
forces
out
of
Mecklenburg
and
Pomerland
vnto
him
;
and
for
his
owne
retreat
backe
againe
vnto
them
,
if
he
should
be
put
to
it
.
A
moneths
pay
was
further
required
for
the
Armie
;
or
else
will
the
King
leaue
all
.
Ortenburg
returning
without
a
satisfying
answere
,
Gustavus
Horne
is
sent
:
and
he
fayling
,
the
King
himselfe
goes
to
the
Elector
;
taking
fiue
troupe
of
horse
,
1000.
Muskettiers
and
foure
feild
peices
along
with
him
.
May
3.
the
Elector
meets
him
in
a
little
wood
vpon
the
Copenicker-heath
,
some
English
mile
from
Berlin
:
here
the
King
receiving
no
contentment
,
offers
to
returne
to
his
Leaguer
againe
;
but
the
Electresse
and
the
Court
Ladies
prevaile
so
farre
with
their
feminine
irresistibilitie
,
that
his
Majestie
takes
his
lodging
in
Berlin
for
that
night
,
with
a
thousand
Muskettiers
for
his
guard
.
May
5.
the
treatie
begins
againe
:
and
by
this
time
was
the
Kings
whole
Army
come
vp
to
Berlin
;
the
sight
of
an
Army
,
is
a
very
fierce
argument
,
't
is
a
very
prevailing
Logike
.
The
Elector
is
with
much
adoe
brought
to
yeeld
Spandau
vnto
the
King
for
one
moneth
:
whereupon
the
next
day
,
the
Governour
Buckersdorp
with
a
Garrison
of
six
hundred
men
,
goes
out
of
the
Towne
;
and
the
Kings
forces
come
in
.
Custrine
(
the
strongest
Fort
of
all
the
Country
,
over
whose
bridge
the
Imperialists
fleeing
from
[
*
](A13222-e37020-b)
*
See
pag
70.
Gartz
,
had
escaped
into
Franckford
:
)
he
could
not
obtaine
from
the
Elector
:
Crachten
the
Governour
mainly
resisting
the
Kings
desires
in
it
.
That
which
made
the
King
,
now
all
on
the
sudden
,
to
desire
these
passages
and
Retreates
of
the
Elector
,
was
;
that
now
despayring
both
of
the
holding
out
of
the
Towne
of
Magdenburg
,
and
of
his
owne
relieving
of
it
:
he
feared
Generall
Tillyes
comming
backe
vpon
him
over
the
Dessau
bridge
,
(
after
the
taking
of
the
Towne
)
which
was
now
at
the
last
cast
.
Cause
withall
had
he
to
suspect
,
that
if
Tilly
should
indeede
come
backe
,
the
feare
of
his
fame
and
Armes
,
would
so
prevaile
with
his
brother
of
Brandenburg
,
that
he
might
(
perchance
)
be
enforced
to
the
cooping
of
him
vp
at
these
Townes
,
whereby
he
should
be
hindered
of
his
retreate
backe
into
Pomerland
.
Hearing
by
this
time
that
the
Towne
of
Magdenburg
,
Old
Marck
of
Brandenburg
,
betwixt
Berlin
and
the
Towne
of
Old
Brandenburg
;
whither
a
little
before
he
had
caused
his
Army
to
retyre
.
At
this
Leaguer
the
mayn
of
his
Army
stayes
,
from
about
the
8th
or
10th
of
May
vntill
Iune
following
.
Here
having
formed
a
Camp
,
he
first
of
all
sends
a
Trumpet
to
summon
the
Imperialists
in
old
Brandenburg
&
Rattenaw
,
two
good
Townes
vpon
the
River
Havel
:
laying
his
passage
this
way
towards
the
River
of
Elve
;
so
to
blocke
out
Tilly
,
Great
Glogaw
.
And
the
Imperialists
a
little
after
that
,
lighting
vpon
a
partie
of
100.
Swedish
horse
,
take
25
●f
them
,
and
driue
the
rest
to
take
the
Oder
.
To
returne
to
the
King
.
Rattenaw
thus
taken
:
and
the
Countrey
of
Brandenburg
now
quite
cleered
of
the
Imperialists
:
the
King
ships
100.
peices
of
Ordnance
,
and
other
necessaries
for
the
building
of
a
Sconce
,
in
those
new
gotten
boates
aforesaid
;
to
be
readie
for
a
new
designe
.
The
mayne
of
his
foote
forces
,
he
still
keepes
in
the
Campe
at
Potstayn
,
and
about
Brandenburg
,
Nawen
,
Spandaw
,
&c:
and
his
horse
in
their
Quarters
betwixt
that
,
and
the
Dessau
bridge
.
Vpon
the
first
of
Iune
,
he
commaunds
foure
Regiments
towardes
Gutterbogen
,
a
Towne
towards
the
2
passages
over
the
Elve
;
at
Dessau
bridge
namely
,
and
at
Wittenberg
.
A
little
after
this
,
Bauditzen
in
the
night
time
passing
a
foord
of
the
river
Elve
,
surprises
the
Imperialists
at
Werben
.
About
which
designe
we
must
for
a
while
leave
him
,
to
speake
of
three
other
actions
of
the
Kings
,
done
on
this
side
the
Country
:
for
the
doing
of
which
,
now
after
Tillyes
going
towards
Saxony
,
he
had
the
better
leisure
.
The
first
of
which
was
,
Rostock
,
Wismar
,
Dammitz
,
and
another
Towne
or
two
;
)
he
on
the
5th
of
Iune
,
causes
the
people
to
be
new
sworne
againe
vnto
their
naturall
Lords
;
&
Wallensteyn
to
be
abjured
.
Which
triumph
himselfe
honored
,
with
his
royall
&
victorious
presence
.
The
second
Action
was
done
in
that
part
of
Pomerland
next
vnto
Mecklenburg
;
namely
the
taking
in
of
the
strong
towne
of
Gripswald
;
done
by
his
Lieutenant
[
*
](A13222-e37810-b)
*
The
Lord
Otho
Toedt
,
or
Otly-todt
.
Colonell
Toodt
.
This
strong
towne
of
Gripswald
(
which
is
also
honored
with
an
Vniuersity
)
is
scituated
in
the
little
Dukedome
of
Wolgast
,
in
the
mouth
of
the
Oder
,
not
farre
from
Stralesundt
,
whereabouts
the
King
first
landed
.
Why
it
was
not
taken
in
till
now
,
I
know
not
.
The
third
Action
on
this
side
,
Thus
at
last
when
the
men
could
not
agree
,
the
women
draw
downe
the
King
to
milder
resolutions
.
Two
Regiments
are
received
into
the
Towne
for
that
night
:
&
the
conclusion
is
,
that
vpon
Iune
12.
the
Kings
Garrison
is
againe
admitted
into
Spandau
:
By
this
time
,
there
having
beene
some
murmuring
amongst
the
Protestants
against
the
King
,
concerning
the
taking
of
Magdenburg
;
as
if
he
had
beene
too
slow
or
defectiue
in
his
aydes
or
counsells
,
vnto
that
Citie
:
His
Majestie
,
though
in
himselfe
guiltlesse
;
yet
considering
that
he
is
cruell
to
himselfe
,
who
is
negligent
of
his
owne
fame
or
reputation
;
he
thinkes
himselfe
bound
in
honour
to
excuse
himselfe
;
and
therefore
sends
abroad
this
his
Apologie
,
which
wee
haue
here
abbreviated
.
That
he
could
never
by
any
perswasions
or
assurances
draw
in
the
Citizens
of
Magdenburg
,
Pomeren
,
Brandenburg
,
and
Silesia
and
especially
vpon
the
River
Oder
;
and
in
the
Townes
of
Franckford
and
Landtsbergen
:
that
had
he
stirr'd
to
relieue
Magdenburg
,
they
had
come
vpon
his
backe
.
That
to
shew
his
willingnesse
,
to
relieue
Magdenburg
,
he
had
adventured
vpon
the
taking
of
Franckford
;
and
after
that
advanced
as
farre
as
Spandaw
and
Potstayn
,
towards
it
.
That
notwithstanding
the
Towne
so
much
concerned
the
Elector
of
Saxony
,
yet
could
his
Majesty
never
obtaine
of
him
,
any
aydes
towards
the
reliefe
of
it
;
or
any
passage
by
Wittenberg
,
or
the
Dessau
bridge
,
towards
it
.
That
the
Elector
of
Brandenburg
had
not
,
or
could
not
in
time
deliver
him
such
victualls
and
shipping
,
as
were
necessary
to
it
:
as
having
a
respect
vnto
what
the
Elector
of
Saxony
did
,
or
would
doe
.
That
he
yet
knew
not
,
whether
these
two
Electors
were
or
would
be
,
his
friends
or
his
enemies
.
All
this
considered
,
his
Majesties
Councell
of
warre
assured
him
,
That
with
so
over-wearied
an
Army
,
first
to
passe
so
many
enemies
in
the
way
;
and
then
to
haue
set
vpon
Tilly
,
had
ruind
all
.
Lastly
,
that
he
would
haue
relieved
the
Towne
,
appeares
by
the
neede
himselfe
stood
in
of
it
:
seeing
vpon
the
newes
of
the
taking
of
it
,
he
was
faine
to
retyre
with
his
Army
;
and
project
new
designes
for
his
securitie
and
proceeding
.
This
was
his
Majesties
Apologie
.
Suppose
now
in
the
meane
time
the
Generall
Tilly
to
be
removed
from
Magdenburg
;
whence
in
Whitsun
weeke
about
the
end
of
May
,
he
departed
.
This
knowne
,
the
King
presently
hath
a
designe
of
recovering
those
places
;
and
he
having
forsaken
the
Elve
,
the
King
sends
towards
it
.
Now
doth
the
gallant
Bauditzen
all
of
a
sudden
one
night
with
his
Dragonniers
,
passe
a
shallow
place
or
Foord
of
the
Elve
:
whereby
the
Imperialists
in
Werben
are
taken
sleepers
,
kill'd
,
Magdenburg
.
Tilly
now
vpon
his
march
hearing
of
these
tydings
,
and
fearing
withall
that
the
King
had
an
intention
to
lay
a
bridge
over
the
Elve
;
away
dispatches
he
foure
Regiments
vnder
Pappenheims
Commaund
;
to
secure
Havelberg
,
Brandenburg
,
Rattenaw
,
and
so
on
towards
Havelberg
.
At
this
time
the
King
having
received
a
supply
of
foure
Regiments
out
of
Prussia
,
and
some
new
troupes
levied
about
Brandenburg
,
with
some
others
drawne
out
of
their
Garrisons
,
he
divides
his
forces
:
the
Lord
Oxensterne
Chancellor
of
the
Kingdome
of
Sweden
,
hath
38.
troupes
of
old
Souldiers
added
vnto
his
former
Army
in
Prussia
:
Gustavus
Horne
hath
his
strength
in
Silesia
,
againe
reinforced
with
Recruites
;
and
a
bridge
is
layd
by
him
over
the
Oder
at
Schamburg
,
a
mile
beneath
Custrine
.
By
this
time
(
that
is
in
the
end
of
Iune
)
is
the
King
come
backe
againe
from
Stetin
vnto
his
Armie
;
and
that
dislodged
and
advanced
.
Vpon
the
last
of
Iune
therefore
in
the
night
,
is
Colonel
Duwaldt
sent
out
[
*
](A13222-e39610-b)
*
Others
name
98.
companies
of
foote
,
and
60
troupes
of
horse
.
with
2000.
horse
,
and
2000.
Dragoniers
,
or
Muskettiers
on
horseback
;
who
passing
through
the
Elve
at
a
shallow
passage
(
as
Bauditzen
had
done
before
,
)
now
falls
vpon
the
Citie
of
Tangermu●●
;
Halberstadt
:
Wolmerstat
is
presently
also
taken
:
yea
th●
Swedish
fly
out
so
farre
,
that
they
tooke
away
fiftie
horses
which
were
grasing
even
vnder
the
walls
&
Ordnance
of
the
Citie
of
Magdenburg
.
Tangermund
thus
taken
;
a
bridge
is
laid
over
the
Elve
,
and
there
the
King
entrenches
himselfe
,
there
he
fortifies
,
and
formes
a
Camp
.
And
now
begins
the
bustling
,
and
not
till
now
.
Rhyne-graue
Charles
Lodowicke
therefore
with
some
Swedish
forces
being
there
abroad
about
Borg
and
Wolmerstadt
,
not
farre
from
Magdenburg
,
upon
them
fals
Papenheym
:
of
whose
approach
the
King
having
notice
,
with
all
the
horse
he
could
make
,
and
some
2000
Musketiers
,
comes
time
enough
to
make
one
in
the
medlye
.
Papenheym
thus
removed
from
about
Havelberg
;
early
in
the
morning
Iuly
9th
.
comes
Sr
Iohn
Bannier
,
the
Kings
Lieutenant
generall
at
that
time
,
Hither
being
come
vpon
the
16th
or
17th
of
Iuly
,
hee
first
of
all
dispe●ds
away
4
Regiments
of
Horse
for
his
Vantcurriers
,
to
stay
the
Kings
proceedings
,
whilst
himselfe
with
his
whole
Army
might
come
vp
to
him
:
and
if
it
were
possible
to
tempt
the
King
out
of
his
trenches
,
to
pitch
a
battell
in
the
field
.
Monte
Cuculies
(
himselfe
not
there
)
consisting
of
12
Cornets
of
Rutters
.
The
third
was
Holicke
his
Regiment
,
and
in
that
5
Cornets
of
Curiassers
,
and
5
more
with
fire-lockes
.
The
fourth
belonged
vnto
Coronino
,
and
10
Cornets
had
he
vnder
him
.
All
these
were
verily
perswaded
,
that
the
King
would
not
fight
,
and
in
this
perswasion
they
continued
,
till
they
came
to
Tanger
,
a
Dorpe
within
one
Germane
league
of
Tangermund
:
not
a
Swede
all
that
while
appearing
to
oppose
them
.
Here
(
about
Tanger
)
doe
these
braue
Imperialists
take
vp
their
Quarter
;
the
Swedish
having
before
forsaken
that
,
and
some
other
open
places
.
Whilest
the
wearie
Troupes
there
rest
;
out
goes
Bernsteyn
with
some
600
Curiassers
to
set
the
watch
,
and
to
guard
the
passages
for
that
night
.
Monte
Cuculies
5
,
of
Coroninoes
7
,
besides
those
that
were
burnt
.
Great
bootie
gotten
of
silver-vessell
&c.
some
one
souldier
lighting
vpon
1000
Rix-Dollars
,
and
another
vpon
as
many
Duckets
.
This
defeate
hapned
vpon
Sunday
morning
Iuly
17
:
vpon
which
day
these
Imperialsts
were
dispenced
withall
for
being
at
Morrow-Masse
,
as
having
before
day
light
beene
at
a
Black-Sanctus
.
This
defeate
was
given
,
Tilly
himselfe
being
in
sight
of
it
.
Generall
Tilly
resolving
now
vpon
a
revenge
,
vpon
Tuesday
and
Wednesday
following
,
he
musters
and
over-veiwes
his
Armie
and
Ammunition
,
gets
all
things
ready
for
a
battell
.
Vpon
Thursday
Iuly
21
,
forward
he
sets
towards
the
King
,
by
faire
and
easie
marches
(
not
to
over-tyre
his
Armie
)
comming
vnto
Tangermund
,
where
the
King
had
before
encamped
,
and
from
whence
he
had
given
order
for
his
Garrison
to
retyre
,
if
they
perceived
Tilly
about
to
come
vpon
them
.
Tilly
at
this
time
(
reckoning
those
that
were
before
slaine
)
brought
some
26000
men
along
with
him
,
and
all
these
like
himselfe
,
full
of
anger
,
resolution
,
and
desire
of
revenge
.
Before
he
would
assault
the
Kings
Trenches
,
he
was
said
secretly
to
haue
sent
vnto
some
confederates
and
well-wishers
of
his
,
or
otherwise
corrupted
with
promises
,
to
doe
a
peice
of
trecherous
service
for
him
:
and
that
was
,
to
naile
the
Kings
Ordnance
,
(
at
least
in
that
part
of
the
Camp
where
he
meant
to
fall
on
)
that
so
it
might
be
made
vnserviceable
against
him
.
Garleben
,
Wolmerstadt
,
Hall
,
and
so
to
the
Duke
of
Saxonies
Countrie
.
His
wants
may
well
be
beleeved
to
be
many
,
seeing
he
was
now
enquartered
vpon
that
Country
,
which
himselfe
had
before
dispeopled
,
and
eaten
up
.
Fiue
hundred
starved
horses
left
he
behind
him
,
(
a
most
rich
prey
for
a
kennell
of
hounds
)
and
800
wagons
for
want
of
horses
to
draw
them
:
with
much
else
perchance
,
which
otherwise
he
would
not
haue
left
behind
.
Some
report
him
to
haue
lost
6000
or
7000
men
;
perchance
in
all
these
3
great
defeates
of
Papenheyms
,
Bernsteyns
,
and
his
owne
hee
might
,
and
yet
is
halfe
so
many
,
a
great
many
for
so
great
a
Generall
to
loose
,
nor
would
the
side
haue
it
so
many
confessed
.
Generall
Tilly
thus
marcht
off
,
and
the
King
having
now
no
need
to
keepe
so
many
Forces
together
,
(
it
being
both
inconvenient
,
and
chargeable
besides
)
he
divides
his
Army
into
3
severall
Quarters
:
of
which
we
shall
by
and
by
tell
you
more
.
During
this
time
,
Gustavus
Horne
was
now
with
an
Armie
.
They
were
afterwards
engarrison'd
in
Custrine
,
Franckford
,
Landtsbergen
,
Suppose
his
Majestie
of
Sweden
employed
all
this
while
,
about
the
emptying
of
his
great
Camp
at
Werben
,
The
Army
thus
encouraged
,
and
assured
of
their
enterprise
;
now
rise
and
march
.
So
that
taking
their
way
by
Beltzig
they
arriue
at
Coswig
,
within
two
leagues
of
Wittenberg
,
August
31.
Hither
now
the
same
day
came
the
Lord
Arnheym
,
Feild-Marshall
to
the
Duke
of
Saxony
:
and
at
this
time
his
Ambassadour
to
the
King
.
2.
That
the
Elector
of
Saxony
should
at
his
owne
charges
provide
the
Swedish
Army
,
with
powder
,
shot
,
and
provisions
.
3.
That
the
King
should
haue
the
absolute
and
vniversall
Commaund
of
the
whole
Armie
:
and
the
Dukes
Souldiers
to
submit
themselues
vnto
his
direction
.
4.
That
the
Duke
should
conclude
no
peace
with
the
Emperour
,
without
the
Kings
consent
:
but
that
both
of
them
should
stand
as
one
man
,
vntill
the
end
of
the
warres
.
The
first
defeate
that
this
Vnion
made
,
was
of
the
Papists
expectation
:
who
verily
beleeving
that
the
Conclusions
of
Leipsich
would
haue
made
the
Protestants
fall
out
among
themselues
;
are
now
frustrated
of
that
hope
.
This
done
,
the
bridge
at
Wittenberg
over
the
Elve
,
is
freed
for
the
King
;
who
Sept.
3.
passes
his
whole
Army
over
it
,
into
the
Dukes
Country
.
Sept.
4.
the
Kings
Army
from
Wittenberg
,
and
the
Dukes
from
Torgau
,
advanced
as
farre
as
Dieben
vpon
the
River
Multa
,
within
three
leagues
of
Leipsich
:
whither
also
the
Elector
of
Brandenburgs
troopes
now
came
.
Both
Armies
here
meeting
,
in
signe
that
the
Duke
had
yeelded
vnto
what
the
King
would
haue
,
(
namely
the
superioritie
&
commaund
of
the
Saxon
Armie
,
)
the
Horsemen
as
they
came
by
,
vayled
and
stooped
their
Cornets
,
and
the
Foote
,
their
Ensignes
,
towards
the
Kings
Armie
.
The
5th
day
both
Armies
putting
themselues
into
fayre
Battalia
,
the
King
tooke
a
particular
view
of
the
Saxon
forces
,
and
of
the
order
and
constitution
of
the
Army
,
resolving
the
next
day
to
visite
the
great
Generall
Tilly
in
his
trenches
,
and
to
levie
his
siege
of
Leipsich
:
but
hearing
that
Tilly
had
that
morning
prevented
them
by
taking
of
the
Towne
;
the
King
and
Duke
were
both
put
vnto
new
consultations
:
So
that
the
6th
day
was
spent
in
providing
for
the
great
day
,
the
day
of
battell
,
which
fell
out
to
be
the
next
day
following
.
And
here
now
leaving
both
the
King
and
the
Duke
employed
,
let
vs
goe
aside
a
while
,
to
fetch
their
valiant
Adversary
into
the
field
,
the
Imperiall
Generall
Tilly
;
whom
wee
lately
left
retyring
this
way
,
from
the
Kings
Leaguer
of
Werben
.
Generall
Tilly
his
proceedings
from
the
time
of
his
retyring
from
the
Kings
Campes
in
Mecklenburg
and
Pomerland
:
Historically
led
along
vnto
the
day
of
his
defeate
,
at
the
Battell
of
Leipsich
.
THE
Generall
Tilly
perceiving
the
King
neither
willing
to
adventure
his
Armies
,
now
(
like
their
swords
)
already
worne
out
with
so
many
winter-victories
)
into
the
plaine
field
against
such
fresh
forces
,
who
would
bee
desperate
,
because
they
must
either
fight
or
bee
gone
:
and
that
he
lay
too
strongly
entrenched
(
in
both
places
)
to
bee
forced
:
and
that
by
carrying
away
all
provisions
,
hee
had
left
him
no
meanes
there
long
to
stay
without
starving
:
New
Brandenburg
,
which
he
had
so
lately
conquered
:
becomming
now
as
cruell
to
the
Towne
,
as
hee
before
had
beene
vnto
the
Townsmen
,
and
their
Garrison
:
for
he
beates
downe
the
walles
,
layes
all
the
fortifications
levell
with
the
ground
,
and
so
takes
his
leaue
of
it
.
Order
is
given
vnto
the
Count
of
Schomberg
to
looke
well
vnto
Franckford
vpon
Oder
,
and
for
the
better
securing
of
it
,
hee
giues
directions
for
7000
fresh
men
to
bee
sent
in
,
and
that
Diepenbach
should
also
come
into
the
Towne
to
assist
Schomberg
,
as
you
haue
heard
before
.
And
whereas
there
were
yet
two
Townes
with
Imperiall
Garrisons
in
them
,
neere
vnto
the
Kings
Campe
at
Swedt
,
(
in
Britsen
namely
,
and
Moncheberg
)
which
to
bee
sure
,
the
King
would
fall
vpon
so
soone
as
ever
his
backe
was
turn'd
;
those
Garrisons
he
therefore
sends
for
,
and
away
he
marches
backe
againe
,
the
same
way
(
almost
)
that
he
came
:
to
Ferberlin
first
,
and
so
to
Old
Brandenburg
.
Now
he
cleerely
discovers
himselfe
,
that
his
purpose
was
to
vndertake
what
Pappenheym
had
all
this
while
beene
about
;
the
taking
of
the
Towne
and
Arch-bishopricke
of
Magdenburg
.
Part
therefore
of
his
Cavalrie
he
sends
to
Havelberg
:
himselfe
with
the
rest
of
the
horse
,
&
fiue
Regiments
of
foote
passing
the
River
Havell
,
takes
vp
his
head-quarter
at
Mockeren
.
His
magazine
for
the
whole
warre
to
come
,
he
appoints
at
Zerbst
,
and
that
he
might
goe
the
roundlier
to
worke
,
he
sends
for
his
Ordnance
from
Hall
and
Halberstadt
,
which
he
commaunds
to
meete
him
at
the
Towne
of
Magdenburg
.
Thus
having
brought
the
gallant
Generall
Tilly
so
farre
onward
on
his
way
;
and
entred
withall
in
that
manner
into
our
discourse
,
as
a
man
should
doe
either
into
a
goodly
Pallace
or
Historie
,
namely
in
the
midst
of
it
:
we
will
leaue
our
Generall
a
while
taking
order
for
his
businesse
,
and
goe
to
fetch
vp
our
Storie
from
the
beginning
of
these
latter
troubles
.
The
Countrey
of
Magdenburg
is
situated
vpon
the
West
of
Brandenburg
,
from
which
the
river
Elbe
parts
it
:
vpon
the
South
it
touches
vpon
Saxonie
:
vpon
the
West
joyning
with
Brunswicke
and
Halberstadt
:
and
vpon
the
North
of
it
is
the
Elbe
againe
,
with
the
two
Dutchies
of
Lunenburg
and
Lawenburg
.
The
Countrey
hath
the
name
from
the
cheife
Citie
Magdenburg
,
which
is
one
of
the
ancient
Hanse
Townes
of
the
Empire
:
and
that
honored
with
an
Arch-bishops
See
,
and
he
the
Primate
of
all
Germanie
.
The
people
be
Lutheranes
,
of
the
Augustane
Confession
:
the
Arch-bishopricke
in
the
hands
of
a
Lay-man
;
Christian
William
,
a
Prince
of
the
Electorall
house
of
Brandenburg
.
His
Title
is
,
Administrator
of
the
Bishoprickes
of
Magdenburgh
and
Hall
,
[
*
](A13222-e43100-b)
*
For
of
that
Bishopricke
is
he
Administrator
also
.
and
Primate
of
Germanie
.
This
bred
the
quarrell
;
for
he
not
giving
way
to
the
Reformation
of
the
Religion
(
that
is
,
the
bringing
in
of
Poperie
againe
)
and
the
restoring
of
the
Church-lands
,
hee
is
proscribed
and
Bandited
by
the
Emperor
:
and
some
Forces
sent
into
his
Countrey
actually
to
seaze
vpon
them
.
His
Subjects
notwitstanding
they
were
also
farre
out
with
the
Emperor
,
as
having
consented
with
other
Hans-Townes
not
to
suffer
any
Imperiall
Souldiers
to
be
quartered
or
billetted
vpon
them
,
and
had
raised
some
2000
souldiers
for
their
owne
guards
,
yet
being
now
terrified
by
the
Emperor
durst
not
assist
their
Prince
:
vntill
at
last
being
encouraged
by
the
King
of
Sweden
,
they
receiue
him
,
and
promise
to
sticke
close
by
him
,
for
which
the
King
sends
his
heartie
thankes
vnto
them
.
This
fals
out
about
the
end
of
Iuly
1630.
The
Administrator
thus
returned
,
sets
forth
his
Declaration
:
protesting
in
it
against
the
wrongs
done
him
by
the
Emperor
,
and
putting
himselfe
vnder
the
protection
of
the
King
of
Sweden
.
Francis
Charles
Duke
of
Saxon-Lawenburg
(
and
for
the
same
respects
)
now
conjoyned
himselfe
.
In
ayde
of
them
,
had
the
King
of
Sweden
sent
some
troupes
into
the
Country
.
And
because
the
next
way
through
Mecklenburg
was
full
of
Imperiall
Garrisons
,
these
aydes
are
sent
from
Stralesundt
along
by
Sea
,
landing
beyond
all
Mecklenburg
at
Dassow
,
not
farre
short
of
Lubeck
.
These
,
the
Duke
of
Saxon-Lawenburg
aforesaid
,
vndertakes
to
let
into
Magdenburg
,
thorow
his
owne
Country
and
the
passages
of
Lunenburg
;
in
the
Kings
name
also
levying
forces
from
about
Hamborough
,
Lubeck
,
and
those
quarters
:
with
whom
about
the
end
of
September
,
he
makes
himselfe
Master
of
the
townes
of
Boutzenburg
,
Lawenburg
,
Nyehusen
,
and
other
places
vpon
the
Elve
.
Against
him
,
towards
the
end
of
September
,
is
the
Generall
Pappenheym
sent
with
more
Imperiall
forces
:
In
the
end
of
November
the
King
sends
a
noble
Gentleman
and
well-beloved
by
him
,
the
Lord
Diderick
Falkenburg
,
New
Allensleben
:
slaying
there
some
60.
Imperialists
,
and
bringing
100.
more
,
away
prisoners
with
him
.
The
towne
of
Egelen
is
a
little
after
that
taken
also
.
In
the
beginning
of
Ianuary
an
Imperiall
Captaine
surprises
some
50.
or
60.
of
the
Magdenburgers
;
and
they
falling
out
vpon
a
strong
Partie
,
fetch
in
a
bootie
of
800.
sheepe
and
some
84.
head
of
cowes
and
oxen
:
setting
fire
at
the
same
time
vpon
some
of
their
owne
Dorps
vpon
the
Elbes
side
,
that
the
Enemie
might
not
there
nestle
.
I
will
not
stand
vpon
every
pettie
encounter
that
passed
this
Winter
time
.
The
Spring
comming
on
,
they
become
more
busie
,
on
the
second
of
March
the
Count
Ladron
,
together
with
his
Lieutenant
Colonell
Kirckner
,
are
snapt
vp
and
slaine
by
the
Magdenburgers
at
Coswick
,
neere
vnto
the
Citie
.
The
Citizens
making
out
all
their
strength
,
cast
vp
three
Out-workes
hard
without
their
Ports
;
and
the
Imperialists
falling
on
vpon
two
of
them
at
once
:
Falkenburg
with
2
peices
of
Ordnance
sallying
the
same
time
out
of
the
Citie
,
sets
vpon
their
Quarters
,
fires
and
spoiles
all
their
Huts
and
Cabbins
,
where
they
had
all
this
while
wintered
.
Thus
these
lesser
fishes
play
a
while
with
one
another
,
till
at
length
the
great
Pike
Generall
Tilly
comes
amongst
them
,
and
devoures
them
altogether
.
To
him
now
turne
we
.
Suppose
him
now
at
Mockeren
(
where
wee
last
left
him
)
already
within
the
Bishoprick
of
Magdenburg
,
and
within
two
or
three
leagues
of
the
very
Towne
:
in
which
of
Souldiers
and
Burgers
,
there
were
some
4000.
fighting
men
.
Vpon
the
12
.
th
of
Aprill
he
first
presents
himselfe
in
full
Battaglia
within
a
mile
of
the
Citie
:
new
Towne
:
where
2000.
Imperialists
immediately
lodging
themselues
,
fell
to
myning
,
and
shooting
of
Granadoes
into
the
Towne
.
The
29.
by
a
sally
out
vpon
these
in
the
new
Towne
,
are
some
100.
slaine
.
The
mynes
doe
no
hurt
,
vntill
one
Farenbacke
,
a
notable
Enginer
takes
them
in
hand
,
who
sapps
himselfe
vnder
the
Towne-ditches
to
the
very
hard
walls
:
in
reward
of
which
service
,
the
Emperour
makes
him
a
Colonell
;
granting
him
Commission
to
rayse
two
new
Regiments
.
May
2.
the
Imperialists
in
the
new
Citie
having
suddenly
in
the
night-time
cast
vp
a
battery
,
shrewdly
punish
the
besieged
.
May
7.
Generall
Tilly
comes
himselfe
into
the
new
Towne
,
together
with
Pappenheym
then
Generall
of
the
Ordnance
,
and
Schomberg
Sergeant
Major
generall
;
&
a
great
show
of
Ladders
is
made
,
as
if
there
were
a
purpose
of
a
generall
scaladoe
.
Tillyes
hope
was
,
that
the
Towne
would
presently
parly
,
vpon
sight
of
these
preparations
:
but
they
taking
the
Alarme
at
it
,
instantly
man
all
their
bullwarkes
.
The
8th
day
is
spent
in
shooting
at
a
certaine
high
Tower
,
from
which
the
Towne-Canon
much
plagued
the
besiegers
.
This
day
Tilly
sends
a
Trumpet
to
summon
the
Towne
:
they
send
another
to
him
;
signifying
their
willingnesse
to
yeeld
,
might
but
their
Administrator
still
enjoy
his
Bishopricke
,
and
the
Towne
their
priviledges
.
This
not
consented
vnto
,
the
9th
day
Pappenheym
attempting
to
scale
the
walls
,
is
by
a
sally
beaten
off
:
in
which
some
of
the
enemies
mynes
being
discovered
,
are
by
countermynes
in
the
Towne
defeated
.
That
day
is
another
Trumpet
sent
into
the
Towne
:
towards
Evening
,
was
there
much
bustling
observed
,
and
carriages
too
and
againe
in
the
enemies
Leaguer
:
yea
they
were
perceived
to
rise
with
their
whole
Army
,
(
as
the
Towne
thought
)
and
to
march
to
Ottersleben
,
halfe
a
mile
from
them
.
All
that
night
was
the
Lord
Falkenburg
vpon
the
walls
:
and
perceiving
in
the
morning
no
danger
of
assault
,
he
calls
the
Citie
together
to
giue
answere
to
the
enemies
Trumpet
;
yea
so
secure
they
were
,
that
the
overwatcht
Souldiers
are
suffered
to
goe
from
their
Courts
of
guard
,
to
take
some
sleepe
:
and
some
say
,
that
the
Townesmen
were
gone
to
Church
to
giue
God
thankes
for
their
deliverance
from
the
siege
.
Thus
the
walles
being
found
emptie
,
about
7.
on
the
tuesday
morning
,
May
10.
Pappenheym
having
given
the
word
Iesu-Maria
to
his
Souldiers
,
Elve
.
Tillyes
Wallons
would
giue
Quarter
to
few
:
and
the
Crabats
,
never
vse
to
giue
,
or
beg
any
:
so
that
all
were
kill'd
.
May
12.
came
Tilly
into
the
Towne
;
and
finding
some
hundreds
of
women
and
Children
in
the
Church
,
he
giues
them
their
liues
,
and
some
bread
to
maintaine
it
too
.
Next
day
he
forbids
pillaging
.
Vpon
Sunday
May
15.
because
he
would
haue
this
fayre
Cathedrall
as
like
to
Rome
as
might
be
,
that
is
,
Consecrated
in
bloud
;
he
causes
it
to
be
cleansed
and
new
consecrated
;
Masse
and
The
same
day
that
Magdenhurg
was
taken
,
had
Count
Tilly
given
order
for
the
burning
of
the
Dessau
bridge
vpon
the
Elbe
where
the
Multa
runnes
into
it
:
which
was
the
only
passage
,
by
which
the
King
of
Sweden
might
endanger
to
disturb
his
siege
:
of
this
act
he
much
repented
him
after
the
taking
of
the
Citie
,
seeing
that
by
destroying
of
that
Bridge
,
he
had
cut
of
himself
from
having
any
more
to
do
on
the
further
side
of
the
River
.
Being
not
able
therfore
to
returne
that
way
,
and
hearing
of
some
levies
of
Souldiers
now
making
by
the
Leaguers
of
Leipsich
,
in
Saxonie
,
Hessen
,
and
Durengen
;
those
he
resolues
by
his
presence
to
hinder
.
In
the
end
of
May
therefore
from
Magdenburg
he
remoues
;
leaving
3
Regiments
in
the
Towne
,
to
defend
what
the
fire
had
left
.
Pappenheym
is
now
dispatcht
towards
Havelburg
,
(
as
you
haue
hefore
heard
:
)
and
part
of
Tillies
Cavallerie
is
sent
into
Saxon-Weymars
,
Altenburgs
,
Coburgs
,
&
Swartzenburgs
Countries
.
Thence
goes
he
to
Eisleben
:
out
of
which
Towne
hee
drawes
a
present
contribution
of
8000
loaues
of
btead
,
and
40
tunne
of
beere
:
the
Citie
of
Ertfurt
(
who
there
had
their
Ambassadors
)
is
forced
to
yeeld
to
contributions
.
Thus
goes
his
Army
on-wards
by
slow
marches
,
like
a
Droue
or
Hoard
of
Tartars
,
as
if
they
meant
to
grase
and
eate
vp
the
Countrey
as
they
went
.
His
cheife
designe
is
vpon
the
great
Citie
of
Ertfurt
in
Duringen
,
and
its
neighbour
Hessen
,
that
lie
to
the
South-west
of
Saxonie
,
now
bearing
due
West
of
him
.
Passing
therefore
into
the
Countie
of
Mansfelt
,
he
over-spreads
the
Countries
with
his
Armies
:
for
Iune
the
9th
I
find
some
of
them
at
Sangerhausen
,
others
then
at
Alstedt
,
and
some
at
Arnsteyn
;
all
three
Townes
neere
vnto
Eysleben
,
and
Mansfelt
,
some
leagues
to
the
west
of
Hall
.
Iune
the
13th
is
the
greatest
part
of
his
Armie
,
so
far
advanc'd
into
the
Countrey
as
within
three
miles
of
Weymar
:
but
these
bee
his
Horses
,
which
had
layne
vpon
them
ever
since
Whitsuntide
.
Iune
the
15th
112.
Cornets
of
Horse
passe
the
River
Vnstrut
:
his
Foote
at
the
same
time
being
about
Sacbsenburgh
and
Heildreygen
;
and
himselfe
then
lodged
at
a
Cloister
by
Oldsleben
,
within
4
leagues
of
Ertford
.
From
hence
goes
he
with
part
of
his
Armie
to
Mulhausen
,
a
Citie
vpon
the
River
Vnstrut
in
the
Countie
of
Duringen
,
and
neerer
to
the
Land
of
Hessen
;
whereabouts
for
a
while
he
stayes
.
Now
hath
he
two
designes
in
hand
:
1
one
for
the
taking
of
the
great
Citie
Ertfurt
in
Duringen
:
for
which
he
had
these
three
reasons
.
1.
besides
the
wealth
of
the
Towne
,
it
would
bring
about
all
the
Gentrie
of
the
Country
.
2.
If
once
conquered
by
the
sword
,
then
were
it
the
Emperors
for
ever
:
so
that
Saxonie
must
loose
his
Title
of
Protector
of
it
,
and
that
would
breed
a
quarrell
with
him
,
which
they
desired
.
3.
That
would
breake
Saxonies
and
Hessens
levies
,
and
saue
their
spoyling
of
the
Spiritualtie
in
those
parts
,
and
in
Franconia
.
Round
about
this
Citie
therefore
hee
still
lies
,
sometimes
at
Mulhausen
,
and
sometimes
at
Oldsleben
,
till
towards
the
end
of
the
moneth
.
His
second
designe
was
vpon
Hessen
:
to
whom
at
this
time
hee
sends
those
4
(
which
some
make
5
)
Articles
,
of
which
[
*
](A13222-e45160-b)
*
See
Page
.
●●
we
before
told
you
:
concerning
which
he
receiving
no
contentment
,
resolues
to
fall
into
the
Countrey
.
Iune
28.
I
find
Tilly
come
to
Mulhausen
,
from
whence
he
sends
his
Vant-curriers
before
him
into
Hessen
:
Colonel
Cratz
goes
to
one
place
;
Coloredo
vnto
Saltzurgen
and
Creutzberg
:
others
towards
Eischweg
and
Vach
:
himselfe
speedily
resolving
to
follow
with
the
whole
Armie
.
But
now
is
the
hooke
put
into
his
nose
,
Garleben
,
Wolmerstadt
,
and
so
at
last
into
Hall
.
And
hither
now
haue
wee
brought
him
backe
againe
,
the
same
way
he
went
:
for
he
beates
over
this
ground
as
often
,
as
if
he
were
the
ordinary
Post
of
the
place
.
[
*
](A13222-e45490-b)
*
See
Page
33
told
you
)
with
18000
men
busied
in
the
Dutchie
of
Wirtemburg
:
which
Countrey
together
with
the
Circles
of
Swaben
and
Franconia
,
he
having
constrained
to
renounce
the
conclusions
of
Leipsich
,
was
at
this
instant
ready
to
fall
vpon
the
Landtgraue
of
Hessen
also
.
Now
was
the
Generall
Tilly
throughly
chafed
;
and
seing
he
was
not
strong
enough
of
himselfe
to
beate
the
King
,
he
resolv'd
to
be
made
strong
enough
by
Furstenberg
to
beat
some
body
.
Furstenberg
was
to
come
to
him
by
the
way
of
Erdfurt
,
&
to
meete
him
about
Mansfeldt
:
whereabouts
he
after
joyned
with
him
Aug.
16
,
not
that
the
two
Armies
vnited
themselues
into
one
body
;
for
victuals
were
now
so
deare
that
Tilly
would
not
suffer
that
,
but
,
for
that
Furstenburg
was
now
at
Tillyes
devotion
.
Having
thus
made
vp
a
compleat
Armie
of
some
45000
men
,
of
his
owne
Wallons
,
and
old
Germane
Troupes
,
Furstenberg's
,
Italians
,
and
Bavarians
,
with
other
old
Souldiers
:
they
now
cald
themselues
The
invincible
Army
;
Now
was
the
Generall
Tillyes
intention
with
those
mightie
Forces
,
first
of
all
to
haue
constrained
the
Duke
of
Saxonie
to
haue
renounced
the
conclusions
of
Leipsich
,
and
to
haue
made
him
resigne
over
his
own
Army
vnto
him
,
with
which
being
made
vp
aboue
60000
strong
;
he
was
purposed
at
the
Citie
and
Bridge
of
Wittenberg
to
haue
passed
the
Elbe
,
and
there
to
haue
set
vpon
the
King
of
Sweden
,
or
haue
fallen
into
Brandenburg
,
Mecklenburg
,
and
Pomerland
againe
.
Furstenberg
being
thus
joyned
,
the
Duke
of
Saxonie
(
now
about
Torgau
with
his
Armie
at
which
Towne
there
is
a
Bridge
over
the
Elbe
)
is
sent
vnto
by
Tilly
,
and
invited
into
Mersburg
;
where
a
meeting
,
was
given
him
by
the
Lords
Mitternicht
and
Schomburg
,
Ambassadors
from
the
Emperor
:
together
with
Bernard
,
cheife
Secretary
vnto
the
Generall
Tilly.
The
Ambassadors
peremptorily
in
the
Emperors
name
propound
vnto
the
Duke
,
that
his
Majesties
great
pleasure
and
intention
was
,
to
annihilate
and
to
breake
the
Conclusions
of
Leipsich
:
to
commaund
there
should
no
more
Souldiers
be
levied
by
the
Protestants
:
but
that
all
their
Troupes
should
be
cast
and
licenced
:
and
his
Imperiall
Mandate
in
all
things
obeyed
,
vpon
their
perills
.
There
must
be
no
nay
,
excuse
,
nor
delay
in
the
Duke
:
and
his
finall
resolution
must
be
had
within
a
few
dayes
.
The
Duke
desires
to
consult
with
his
Counsell
vpon
it
,
and
so
takes
his
leaue
of
them
.
His
returne
not
being
speedie
enough
,
a
Trumpet
is
sent
vnto
him
for
his
answer
vnto
these
4
Propositions
,
whieh
we
Mersburg
,
Naumburg
&
Zeitz
which
were
3
appropriate
Bishopprickes
whose
Temporalties
the
Duke
held
in
his
owne
hands
.
By
this
it
appeares
that
Tilly
had
private
commission
to
take
the
Church-lands
from
Saxonie
also
though
it
had
not
been
discovered
till
now
.
vpon
the
same
River
of
Sala
with
Mersburg
,
and
Zeitz
vpon
Elster
,
the
River
of
Leipsich
,
with
other
of
his
Townes
and
Mannors
.
Aug.
28.
Schomberg
,
Generall
of
the
Artillery
,
with
the
Commissary
Walmerode
come
to
the
Citie
of
Hall
;
&
within
a
day
or
two
of
that
time
,
Furstenberg
comes
thither
from
Eisleben
:
advancing
forwards
to
get
the
passage
,
(
if
it
might
be
,
)
betwixt
Wittenberg
and
Saxony
:
but
that
the
Dukes
going
[
*
](A13222-e46270-b)
*
Pag.
37.
to
Torgau
and
Dieben
,
prevented
.
Aug.
29.
Count
Tilly
sends
to
the
Citie
of
Leipsich
to
demaund
provisions
for
his
Army
.
This
denyed
,
vnlesse
he
brought
their
Electors
consent
;
he
the
next
day
plunders
all
the
Country
for
3.
leagues
about
,
and
comming
by
the
way
of
Ranstadt
,
he
on
that
side
places
his
Guards
before
the
very
Ports
,
takes
possession
of
the
Suburbs
,
peremptorily
demaunding
their
speedy
and
finall
resolution
.
Their
answere
is
,
that
their
Duke
having
lately
sent
in
six
Companies
of
Foote
,
and
the
Lieutenant-Colonel
Pforten
to
commaund
in
the
Towne
;
seemd
rather
desirous
to
defend
his
owne
,
then
to
yeeld
vnto
any
such
violent
motion
.
Hereupon
,
Sept.
3.
Tilly
with
full
40000.
men
sets
downe
before
the
Towne
;
out-come
the
Deputies
to
demaund
his
reasons
:
Defensiue
Banner
of
Saxony
goes
into
the
Fort
of
Pleisenburg
,
(
which
Fort
the
next
day
also
yeelded
it selfe
)
and
the
other
fiue
,
into
Eitenbergh
.
One
thing
fell
out
ominously
for
Generall
Tilly
;
that
at
his
entring
the
Towne
,
he
stayd
to
talke
with
the
Deputies
in
the
Town
Graue-makers
house
neer
the
Grimischen
port
.
This
done
,
he
out
of
the
sayd
Graue-makers
house
now
mounting
vp
on
horsebacke
,
returnes
into
his
Leaguer
,
because
he
now
heard
the
King
of
Sweden
to
haue
passed
the
Elve
,
and
the
Duke
of
Saxony
to
be
joyned
with
him
.
In
the
time
of
this
siege
,
was
the
whole
neighbour
Country
ravaged
and
plundered
:
the
Souldiers
,
with
licentiousnesse
enough
,
there
exercising
their
wonted
crueltie
&
beastlinesse
.
Now
were
Pegaw
,
Lutzen
,
Luca
,
Weisenfels
and
other
places
spoyled
.
Here
were
the
Ladies
,
Gentlewomen
,
and
others
,
like
beasts
and
dogs
yoked
and
coupled
together
,
to
be
led
into
the
Woods
and
ravished
:
who
for
resisting
,
had
their
cloaths
stript
off
,
their
bodies
whipt
,
their
eares
cut
off
,
and
so
sent
home
againe
.
Hereabouts
gat
they
together
betwixt
three
and
foure
thousand
head
of
Cattell
:
and
what
beast
soever
could
not
,
or
did
not
readily
follow
them
,
they
either
houghed
,
or
killed
;
least
(
as
they
said
)
it
should
serue
some
Hereticke
.
THE
BATTELL
OF
LEIPSICH
.
GEnerall
Tilly
,
having
now
intelligence
of
the
King
of
Swedens
passing
of
the
Elve
,
and
of
Saxonyes
joyning
with
him
:
sends
(
as
it
is
reported
)
a
Letter
by
a
Trumpet
vnto
the
King
,
To
invite
him
,
as
he
was
a
brave
Cavalier
,
to
giue
him
Battell
.
This
low
terme
of
Cavalier
,
What
doth
your
Generall
thinke
mee
worthy
of
no
better
a
stile
then
of
Cavalier
?
I
am
a
King
:
and
tell
him
,
I
shall
well
finde
him
out
.
Tilly
vpon
receipt
of
this
message
,
prepares
his
Army
,
as
if
to
accept
of
a
Victory
,
rather
then
to
fight
much
for
it
:
so
confident
they
were
of
themselues
,
and
so
glad
of
the
oportunitie
.
Proclamation
is
made
,
that
vpon
the
hearing
of
certaine
warning
peices
,
every
man
should
repayre
to
his
Colours
and
to
his
order
.
Vpon
the
fatall
seaventh
of
September
therefore
being
Wednesday
,
he
with
44000.
braue
men
,
in
goodly
order
of
battell
first
takes
the
field
;
which
was
vpon
a
fayre
plaine
or
heath
(
about
a
mile
from
Leipsich
)
called
Gods
Aker
:
sayd
to
be
the
very
same
place
,
wher
the
Emperor
Charles
the
5
heretofore
overthrew
the
Duke
of
Saxony
.
Tilly
like
a
prudent
Generall
,
being
carefull
for
all
advantages
,
had
placed
himselfe
vpon
a
little
hill
thereabouts
,
(
where
the
place
of
execution
is
,
)
having
a
wood
also
to
hide
his
men
,
and
for
their
retreate
.
The
watch-word
for
his
Armie
was
[
*
](A13222-e46800-b)
*
The
high
Dutch
relation
sayes
,
Mary
the
mother
of
God
,
Sancta
Maria
:
the
token
to
know
one
another
by
,
was
white
strings
or
ribbands
about
their
armes
,
and
in
their
helmets
,
as
if
they
had
beene
Diademes
,
and
that
that
day
would
haue
made
them
all
Kings
.
Godt
mit
Vns
,
God
with
vs
:
their
token
,
greene
branches
in
their
hats
or
helmets
;
with
which
ere
night
their
browes
were
crowned
,
as
if
with
victorious
Lawrell
.
The
King
being
come
as
farre
as
Seehausen
and
Podelwitz
,
Romane
Augur
would
haue
esteemed
for
a
most
fortunate
abodement
.
Vpon
the
place
of
battell
which
the
Enemie
had
left
for
the
King
,
there
sate
a
flocke
of
birds
;
which
being
sprung
by
the
Kings
comming
,
tooke
their
flight
directly
over
Tillyes
Armie
;
and
fetching
there
a
circle
about
,
(
and
that
also
the
Romanes
would
haue
accounted
an
happy
presage
)
they
turn'd
againe
towards
the
Kings
Army
:
as
who
should
say
,
wee
went
to
fetch
you
victory
.
But
the
King
had
a
better
Augury
on
his
side
then
a
flight
of
birds
,
God
with
vs
;
and
that
which
the
Romane
Generall
sometimes
preferr'd
before
the
birds
:
Romano
milite
dignus
,
Ensis
adest
augur
;
his
valour
,
namely
,
and
his
sword
.
[
*
](A13222-e47300-b)
*
Some
write
him
Taub
.
Doue
,
and
Vitzthimb
,
with
their
4
Regiments
,
brauely
yet
stood
vnto
it
.
Steinau
,
a
Colonell
of
Horse
,
was
with
4
Cornets
taken
prisoner
by
the
Enemie
;
who
at
length
perceiving
the
Kings
partie
to
prevaile
,
brake
through
the
Enemie
,
and
assisted
his
owne
side
.
The
Imperialists
now
seeing
the
Saxons
flying
,
cry
Victoria
,
Victoria
,
follow
,
follow
,
follow
:
but
the
old
Lad
their
Generall
quickly
countermaunded
that
;
saying
,
Let
them
goe
,
wee
shall
overtake
them
time
enough
:
but
let
vs
beate
the
Swede
too
,
and
then
all
Germany
is
our
owne
.
In
this
medlie
,
Furstenberg
with
his
old
Regiment
of
Italian
Horse
,
having
charged
quite
thorow
the
Saxons
,
In
this
time
,
the
Duke
of
Holsteyn
with
his
left
wing
having
charged
the
King
;
The
Duke
of
Hossteyn
defeated
.
●nd
slaine
.
was
with
such
resolution
and
valour
answered
,
that
after
5
or
6
charges
bewixt
them
,
the
Duke
was
mortally
wounded
,
and
taken
prisoner
;
his
whole
Armie
defeated
,
and
3
peices
of
Ordnance
taken
.
By
this
time
the
King
having
notice
of
the
Duke
of
Saxonies
leaving
the
field
,
and
that
Tilly
was
ready
to
charge
his
battaile
:
presently
drawes
out
2000
commaunded
Muskettiers
of
the
braue
Scottish
Nation
led
by
Colonell
Havord
,
they
having
some
2000
horse
vpon
their
flancks
;
to
staue
off
the
enemie
a
while
.
[
*
](A13222-e47740-b)
*
Brother
to
him
that
Pap●enheym
had
before
taken
prisoner
about
Magdenburgh
.
Rodolp
Maximilian
Duke
of
Saxon-Lawenburg
,
that
day
serving
on
the
Emperors
side
,
who
fought
like
a
lyon
:
with
whom
and
two
other
horsemen
,
Tilly
came
,
and
conjoyned
himselfe
vnto
the
valiant
Baron
of
Cronenberg
.
This
bold
Baron
and
his
Regiment
serving
in
the
right
wing
,
had
4
times
in
those
4
houres
,
Thus
,
notwithstanding
that
the
left
wings
of
both
Armies
had
beene
rowted
and
defeated
,
yet
the
right
wings
vnder
their
old
and
experienced
Cheiftaines
,
stood
stiffely
&
brauely
to
it
,
from
2
in
the
afternoone
,
till
6
at
night
:
by
which
time
,
the
Imperialists
were
quite
defeated
,
and
beaten
out
of
the
field
,
The
Dutch
word
is
,
Kartunen
whence
ours
.
The
bootie
and
losses
.
Curtoes
or
Demi-canons
:
and
16
lesser
peices
of
8
or
10
pound
ball
,
taken
.
Some
of
them
having
the
Armes
of
the
Emperour
,
Duke
of
Bavaria
,
and
Wallensteyn
:
others
those
of
the
Pals-graue
,
the
Elector
of
Brandenburg
,
Duke
of
Brunswick
,
&c.
The
Enemies
whole
Leaguer
neere
vnto
Leipsich
,
was
taken
full
standing
;
and
in
it
3000
Wagons
,
and
all
their
baggage
,
Tents
,
and
Pavilions
:
together
with
a
great
number
of
Cattell
,
oxen
,
sheepe
,
Asses
,
poultry
,
bread
&
wine
;
much
costly
stuffe
,
with
some
gold
and
silver
.
Before
the
Leaguer
,
was
there
a
great
square
sconce
,
which
the
Defendants
had
forsaken
.
And
this
was
as
compleate
a
victorie
as
possibly
could
bee
gotten
.
Not
stolen
by
night
,
which
Alexander
scorned
:
but
atcheived
by
fine
force
in
the
broad
day-light
,
betwixt
12
and
6
in
the
afternoone
.
No
advantage
of
place
to
assist
the
King
;
t
was
vpon
a
faire
levell
,
and
Campagnia
.
No
casuall
advantage
,
but
was
against
him
;
the
wind
,
the
wood
and
higher
ground
;
all
possessed
by
the
Enemie
.
No
advantage
in
numbers
,
or
reputation
of
men
:
Tillyes
were
the
more
;
the
older
Souldiers
,
and
their
Armie
was
called
Invincible
.
Nay
,
one
disadvantage
had
the
King
,
as
great
as
possibly
could
be
;
a
maine
fleshing
to
the
Enemy
,
a
weakning
of
halfe
his
own
Armie
,
and
a
discouragement
to
the
rest
;
by
the
early
defeat
of
the
Duke
of
Saxonie
.
So
that
all
the
advantages
lay
on
the
Enemies
side
,
and
the
disadvantages
vpon
the
Kings
.
His
Majesty
lost
not
aboue
1200
men
in
the
whole
fight
,
Teuffell
,
Collenbach
,
Corwille
,
Hall
,
Adergast
,
all
Colonells
:
with
divers
Captaines
and
Lieutenants
.
On
the
Duke
of
Saxonies
side
these
.
Coll
[
*
](A13222-e48130-b)
*
He
is
called
B●ud●orp
,
page
36.
Bindtauff
,
Starchedell
,
Serjeant
Major
Holbeirsdorff
,
and
Lemminger
,
both
Lieutenants
,
Colonells
:
Hans
George
of
Humrott
,
Generall
Adjutant
:
Gerstorff
,
Musculus
,
Count
Mansfield
,
Lubers
,
Lemminger
,
Carlowitz
,
Willenstein
,
Rockonitz
,
Henneger
,
Lord
Otto
of
Villaz
,
all
Captaines
of
Foote
or
Horse
,
with
Serjeant
Major
Drandorff
:
whereof
some
died
the
same
day
,
and
some
the
next
.
Furstenberg
;
Schomberg
,
Generall
of
the
Ordnance
:
Erfft
,
Serjeant
Major
Generall
:
Baumgarten
,
Coloredo
,
Gallas
,
Wallensteyn
,
Lebel
,
and
Zabilli
,
all
Colonels
;
Caratelle
,
Lieutenant
Colonell
:
together
with
the
Lieutenant
Colonels
of
the
Regiments
of
Saricour
,
Hartzfeldt
,
and
of
the
Duke
of
Saxon
Lawenberg
:
with
divers
others
whose
dead
and
naked
bodies
were
not
knowne
:
besides
Captaines
and
Lieutenants
both
of
horse
and
foote
,
and
many
braue
Cavaliers
moe
;
which
died
either
vpon
the
place
,
or
in
the
Townes
of
Delitz
,
Eylenberg
,
and
Leipsich
,
whither
they
had
fled
.
Coronino
,
Blankhard
,
Barcelli
,
Kratz
,
Hazelung
,
Larme
,
Klinzi
,
and
Wincleman
,
all
Colonels
:
together
with
Bernhard
,
that
was
Tillyes
Treasurer
and
Secretarie
;
divers
Captaines
and
some
Iesuites
:
who
,
no
doubt
,
came
thither
to
blesse
the
Armie
.
Divers
Protestants
were
also
taken
,
who
betooke
themselues
vnto
his
Majesties
service
.
Tillyes
manly
heart
(
t
is
said
)
could
not
refraine
his
teares
,
when
he
perceived
his
braue
old
Souldiers
thus
going
to
wracke
.
The
whole
fault
he
laid
vpon
his
own
Horsmen
,
who
after
a
few
hard
charges
,
cowardly
ran
away
,
and
never
made
head
againe
.
hackney
Coach
,
both
hee
and
Pappenheym
,
fled
the
next
day
towards
Halberstadt
.
Some
200
Muskettiers
followed
their
Generall
,
&
about
2000
Horse
rallying
themselues
together
,
in
all
haste
went
also
after
him
.
Reported
it
was
that
Tilly
should
haue
his
wounds
dressed
by
the
Town-Barbar
of
Hall
,
who
(
it
seemes
)
affirmed
to
the
King
,
that
Tillyes
body
was
hard-shot
,
or
shot-free
:
and
that
the
bullets
had
not
peirced
the
flesh
,
but
made
bruises
rather
in
his
arme
,
necke
,
and
shoulder
:
and
that
to
his
horrible
torment
,
he
was
faine
to
endure
to
haue
the
bruised
flesh
cut
out
to
the
very
hard
bone
.
Whether
this
were
so
or
no
,
wee
leaue
vpon
the
Barbars
credit
:
and
because
we
haue
not
heard
it
seconded
out
of
Germanie
,
we
are
loath
to
charge
so
braue
a
Warriour
,
with
so
base
an
imputation
,
as
to
owe
his
life
vnto
a
[
*
](A13222-e48700-b)
*
Most
surely
,
such
a
practise
there
is
;
of
which
no
souldier
in
Germanie
makes
doubt
:
The
Charme
which
they
weare
makes
their
bodies
Gefrorn
,
that
is
,
frozen
,
and
hard
:
If
they
shew
it
by
day
time
,
it
looses
its
force
.
No
bullet
nor
iron
weapon
can
pierce
them
.
100.
shots
at
least
,
haue
bin
made
vpon
one
fellow
,
that
braved
the
English
at
Stoade
:
his
cloathes
were
shot
to
peices
,
and
the
wast-band
of
his
breeches
:
which
he
taking
vp
,
went
his
way
.
This
hath
beene
an
old
practise
of
Mithraes
souldiers
,
2000.
yeares
agoe
:
who
made
themselues
invulnerable
both
against
weapons
,
frost
and
fire
.
Charm
;
which
is
practised
by
none
,
but
the
reprobate
raskalitie
of
the
Armie
.
No
man
(
since
the
King
of
Portugall
)
hath
been
so
often
kill'd
and
revin'd
by
report
,
as
Tilly
hath
beene
:
yea
that
side
would
haue
him
to
bee
yet
aliue
.
Hee
was
said
to
speake
of
nothing
but
peace
,
and
of
making
a
good
Peace
,
which
is
indeed
farre
more
happy
then
victorie
.
The
Chase
and
slaughter
being
done
,
(
which
continued
all
the
next
day
)
the
day
after
Sept.
9.
went
the
King
on
to
Mersburg
,
whence
he
ferretted
out
the
Imperialists
that
had
fled
thither
from
the
battell
;
3000
whereof
hee
entertained
into
his
own
service
:
by
which
,
&
others
of
Tillyes
,
taken
on
before
and
after
,
he
was
made
7000
stronger
then
he
was
in
the
day
of
battell
.
Sept.
10.
he
besieged
Hall
,
which
the
next
day
was
yeelded
vnto
him
.
The
Castle
of
Morisberg
hee
tooke
in
Sept.
12.
where
he
made
Sergeant
Major
Groschen
,
and
Captaine
Wincleman
prisoners
:
whom
he
delivered
to
the
Duke
of
Saxonie
;
redeeming
Colonell
Vrseler
,
with
some
others
,
that
had
beene
taken
prisoners
at
Magdenburg
:
taking
the
Protestants
which
lay
in
Garrison
in
it
,
into
his
owne
service
.
From
Hall
his
Majestie
commaunded
divers
Regiments
of
Horse
and
Foote
to
goe
towards
Halberstadt
,
Mansfeldt
,
Regenstein
,
Stolberg
,
Hohenstein
,
Magdenburg
,
and
Brunswicke
,
to
scoure
those
Coasts
of
the
Imperi●lists
:
who
hearing
of
the
Swedens
comming
,
packt
with
all
speed
away
towards
the
River
Weser
;
after
their
Generall
Tilly.
And
hereabouts
(
the
Priests
&
Monkes
lately
put
in
by
the
Emperors
commission
,
now
flying
away
)
were
the
late-exiled
Ministers
,
by
the
King
restored
vnto
their
Churches
.
Whilest
the
King
was
busie
hereabouts
;
the
Elector
of
Saxonie
employes
himselfe
about
the
reducing
of
his
owne
Towne
of
Leipsich
,
and
the
Fort
Pleisenbergh
vnto
his
obedience
.
This
Fort
,
had
Iohn
Vopelius
(
a
Saxon
)
the
Captaine
of
it
,
cowardly
delivered
vp
vnto
Tilly
,
before
ever
any
force
was
offered
to
it
;
and
that
vpon
the
day
of
battell
,
so
soone
as
he
heard
the
fight
begin
.
Leipsich
being
besieged
by
the
Duke
,
to
know
as
well
how
to
vse
his
victorie
,
as
how
to
winne
it
.
And
at
this
consultation
we
leaue
them
,
much
about
Michaelmas
.