THE
HISTORIE
OF
IVSTINE
.
Containing
a
Narration
of
Kingdomes
,
from
the
beginning
of
the
Assyrian
Monarchy
,
vnto
the
raigne
of
the
Emperour
AVGVSTVS
.
Whereunto
is
newly
added
a
briefe
collection
of
the
liues
and
manners
of
all
the
Emperours
succeeding
,
vnto
the
Emp.
Rodulphus
now
raigning
.
First
Written
in
Latine
by
that
famous
Historiographer
IVSTINE
,
and
now
againe
newly
translated
into
English
,
By
G.
W.
LONDON
,
Printed
by
William
Iaggard
,
dwelling
in
Barbican
,
1606.
To
the
Right
Worthy
,
and
most
accomplished
gent.
Sir
James
Haies
Knight
,
endowed
with
that
Honorable
quantity
of
vertue
,
and
true
loue
to
Learning
,
wherewith
euery
Noble
spirit
should
studie
to
be
enriched
,
G.
W.
wisheth
the
felicity
of
his
content
.
RIght
worthie
Sir
,
Artaxerxes
sir-named
Long-hand
,
the
fift
king
of
Persia
,
vsed
to
haue
the
Chronicles
both
of
his
predecessors
,
as
also
the
affaires
of
his
own
time
,
read
before
him
euerie
night
ere
hee
setlod
his
eies
to
any
contented
rest
;
aswell
to
haue
knowledge
of
the
dignity
of
his
Auncestors
,
as
to
remember
in
his
raigne
how
he
bestowed
himselfe
.
And
Alexander
the
great
,
had
that
noble
writer
of
the
famous
battell
of
Troy
in
such
prizelesse
estimation
,
that
about
what
affaires
soeuer
he
inclined
his
actions
,
he
had
his
workes
about
him
,
nor
euer
slept
but
they
rested
vnder
his
pillow
.
Moreouer
,
comming
into
a
School
,
and
not
finthe
the
labors
of
Homer
there
,
he
struck
the
maister
with
his
fiste
,
meaning
thereby
,
that
the
knowledge
of
Histories
,
was
a
recreation
fitting
all
estates
and
degrees
,
and
that
it
was
a
great
and
capitall
offence
to
be
without
them
.
For
like
as
in
Musicke
,
manie
discord
notes
and
manie
tunes
make
one
consent
,
and
one
delightfull
harmonie
,
so
in
a
historie
,
the
varietie
and
multitude
of
examples
tend
all
to
one
end
;
that
is
,
the
aduancement
of
vertue
,
and
ouerthrow
of
vice
:
offring
themselues
as
a
most
perfect
mirror
for
man
to
behold
,
not
the
outward
portraiture
and
shape
of
his
bodie
,
but
the
liuely
image
and
expresse
figure
of
his
inward
minde
,
instructing
him
how
to
apparell
himselfe
in
decent
ornaments
,
&
to
discard
from
him
his
wilde
infirmities
.
For
what
can
enforce
more
to
Cheualrie
,
then
not
barely
to
heare
of
,
but
as
it
were
presently
to
behold
,
the
sage
and
graue
consultations
of
expert
Captaines
,
the
speedy
and
prouident
putting
in
practise
of
deuised
stratagems
,
the
pollicies
and
sleights
in
their
present
execution
,
the
fauourable
assistance
and
successe
of
the
same
,
with
the
fame
and
renown
,
that
continueth
(
longer
then
rich
Monuments
)
of
valiant
enterprises
?
Or
what
can
be
a
more
readi●
encouragement
to
vertue
(
which
is
the
soule
and
light
of
a
good
life
)
then
to
behold
men
(
who
not
so
much
as
thoght
of
before
)
by
their
proper
desert
to
rayse
their
name
vnton
high
estate
and
Honnour
,
to
giue
themselues
cause
with
Cicero
to
speak
of
themselus
,
Egomeis
maioribus
virtute
pr●luxi
:
Or
what
may
giue
a
greater
obiect
to
loath
vice
,
then
to
see
others
whose
Nobilitie
was
giuen
them
as
an
inheritance
,
whereby
perpetually
to
follow
and
maintaine
the
steps
of
their
auncestors
,
by
their
vnnoble
disposition
,
to
root
out
the
renowne
that
was
raised
to
them
by
their
parents
:
For
better
is
it
to
be
Thersites
,
who
was
a
man
of
obscure
calling
,
with
condition
to
be
Achillis
,
then
to
be
hauiored
like
Thersites
and
Achilles
our
Father
,
for
vertue
is
the
true
Nobility
:
withall
,
to
s●e
realmes
florish
,
common-wealthes
prosper
,
the
laborer
beloued
,
the
drone
loa●hed
;
to
see
the
good
Cittizens
aduanced
,
(
for
euery
man
should
be
a
citizen
to
his
own
Contrey
)
and
the
bad
disfranchised
of
anie
worthie
societic
;
to
see
peace
and
tranquilitie
obserued
,
Nations
willinglie
to
offer
their
obedience
;
to
see
long
continuance
in
felicity
,
and
euery
man
so
desirous
to
liue
,
that
he
may
haue
an
honorable
report
after
death
;
Or
what
a
more
forceable
dehortation
from
vice
,
then
to
haue
plainely
pictured
and
set
foorth
,
not
onely
the
heinousnes
and
enormities
,
that
is
heire
to
euery
seuerall
offence
,
but
also
the
miseries
,
calamities
,
punishments
,
and
shames
worthily
ensuing
,
as
a
portion
giuen
to
them
in
life
,
with
endlesse
reproche
and
infamy
after
death
,
and
so
consequently
,
What
can
be
more
comodious
then
a
History
?
Moreouer
,
what
can
be
more
pleasant
to
diuide
the
time
,
or
satisfie
vs
in
the
houres
wherein
we
would
be
delighted
,
then
to
sit
quietly
and
receiue
tidinges
of
things
concluded
thrugh
the
whol
World
:
to
behold
the
places
,
the
persons
,
the
times
,
the
affaires
,
with
the
order
and
circumstances
in
determining
the
same
,
to
see
so
many
running
streames
,
so
many
high
and
stately
mountaines
,
so
many
raging
and
turbulent
seas
,
so
manie
forrests
and
vnhabitable
deserts
,
so
many
kindes
of
strange
Beastes
,
Fowles
,
Fishes
,
Serpents
,
Herbes
,
Trees
:
so
dissipate
and
large
Countries
,
so
rich
and
populous
Citties
,
so
wel
gouernd
Common-wealths
,
so
good
Lawes
and
Customes
,
so
sundrie
sortes
of
people
,
togither
with
their
natures
,
dispositions
,
effects
,
descriptions
,
scituations
,
commodities
,
pleasures
and
displeasures
,
foundations
,
continuances
and
decaies
,
beginnings
,
proceedings
,
and
endings
of
the
same
:
&
in
such
an
ample
Globe
,
that
they
shall
not
seeme
to
bee
reported
,
but
instantly
presented
.
Right
woorthy
Sir
,
I
hauing
at
this
time
brought
to
an
end
the
Translation
of
these
Histories
of
Justine
,
with
the
Emperors
liues
(
who
in
so
small
roome
,
and
in
so
few
wordes
comprehended
,
so
much
with
as
many
&
so
notable
examples
,
that
it
isto
be
doubted
,
whether
it
be
more
briefe
of
sentence
,
or
plentifull
of
Subiect
,
(
J
staid
with
my selfe
)
as
if
it
were
to
take
breath
at
the
end
of
so
laboured
a
iourney
,
deuising
to
whom
J
might
specially
dedicate
the
same
as
an
eue●lasting
monument
erected
to
his
name
,
and
he
thereby
a
woorthy
countenance
to
my
endeuors
,
the
remembrance
of
your
name
,
did
the
first
present
it selfe
vnto
mee
,
as
a
fit
foster
father
to
a
Childe
of
such
merit
,
when
presently
my
deuotion
accounted
the
many
J
might
make
choise
of
,
as
short
of
your
perfections
,
as
a
body
dyeng
,
is
of
a
life
flourishing
,
and
beleeuing
that
no
disdainefull
scorne
could
grow
in
so
noble
a
breast
,
J
submitted
me
to
your
censure
,
perswading
my selfe
,
that
this
Justine
being
accepted
by
Anthony
the
Emperor
in
Latine
,
it
could
not
but
be
acceptable
to
you
in
English
,
thus
wishing
that
Fortune
might
haue
eies
,
if
but
to
cherish
you
and
those
you
loue
,
what
is
mine
,
euen
to
my
soule
is
yours
.
Yours
worships
in
all
seruiceable
duties
,
G.
W.
SIMON
GRYNAEVS
Te
qui
cunque
,
Simon
Grinaee
,
aspexit
,
amauit
:
Splenduit
in
vului
gratia
tanta
tuo
Te
quicunque
,
Simon
Grinaee
,
audiuit
,
amauit
:
Facundo
fluxit
tantus
ab
orc
lepos
Cum
priuil.
A
Preface
of
Simon
Grineus
to
the
Reader
,
concerning
the
Profit
of
reading
Histories
.
WHo
is
so
simple
in
experience
,
or
so
leane
in
vnderstanding
,
that
knowes
not
by
reading
Histories
,
and
treading
the
plentifull
and
fruitefull
fields
of
them
,
he
doth
therewith
make
the
examples
and
instructions
left
in
them
to
grow
vp
in
himselfe
,
to
his
aboundant
profit
.
For
what
can
be
thought
more
pleasant
or
more
desired
,
then
sitting
as
it
it
were
in
the
Theater
and
stage
of
mans
life
,
(
the
which
a
History
hath
most
exquisitely
furnished
in
all
points
)
to
be
made
capable
of
the
perils
that
other
men
haue
sustained
,
without
further
daunger
to
himselfe
:
to
take
examples
of
alsorts
,
eyther
medicynable
for
his
ownesecure
estate
,
or
beneficiall
to
others
:
to
be
so
ably
furnished
for
the
presence
of
great
men
,
when
with
grauest
aduice
they
debate
of
the
most
weyghtiest
affaires
,
to
discusse
the
end
and
sequel
of
their
desires
,
by
example
,
or
answer
them
by
argument
.
The
companye
of
which
worthinesse
,
to
the
worthiest
is
welcome
,
and
the
cogitations
of
the
Noblest
thoughts
do
couet
.
Which
profit
,
without
History
(
considering
the
shortnesse
of
mans
life
)
cannot
be
attaind
:
Who
can
compasse
in
memory
the
times
of
many
hundred
years
past
,
behold
the
beginings
,
proceedings
,
&
subuersions
of
great
Empires
,
to
witnes
the
euils
they
endured
,
either
priuate
or
publik
,
and
manifestly
to
discerne
the
ground
and
occasion
of
them
.
In
euery
difficult
and
daungerous
matter
,
to
haue
one
try
the
perils
,
and
as
it
were
tread
the
yce
before
them
,
neuer
to
bee
destitute
of
tryed
experience
,
and
by
times
past
which
properly
and
peculiarly
appertaineth
to
the
duty
of
a
wise
man
,
politickly
to
foresee
what
may
succeed
in
all
estates
,
and
to
iudge
of
them
as
yf
they
were
present
.
Sincc
then
the
ground
of
such
workes
are
large
and
spacious
to
walk
and
recreat
our
studies
in
,
it
is
requisit
we
prepare
our
thoughts
to
the
reading
of
Histories
,
hauing
first
a
taste
of
ciuill
policy
in
our selues
,
which
so
must
gouerne
our
affections
to
iudge
discreetly
of
all
actions
,
either
pleasinge
or
displeasing
to
vs
,
to
be
as
sufficiently
contented
with
whatsoere
we
read
,
&
doth
resist
our
inclination
,
as
delighted
with
that
motion
keepes
fellowship
with
our
nature
,
and
not
by
the
sway
of
passion
bee
miserably
led
,
onely
with
vaine
imaginations
,
and
so
tosse
from
one
place
to
another
,
to
read
as
birds
skip
from
bow
to
bough
,
more
to
prime
their
bils
,
then
benefit
their
bodies
:
but
like
good
Surgions
,
who
search
al
sores
thoroughly
to
the
bottome
,
ere
they
lay
Cataplasme
on
any
,
&
in
so
viewing
ouer
Histories
,
thou
shalt
eyther
by
contemplating
on
the
vertue
of
good
men
,
learne
to
aspire
thy selfe
,
or
by
reading
the
infermities
of
the
bad
,
blush
at
the
remembraunce
of
thine
own
,
and
be
taught
to
reforme
thy
condition
.
But
it
hapneth
as
at
a
royall
and
sumptuous
feast
,
furnished
with
all
sorts
of
delicate
viands
,
one
thing
is
placed
before
one
man
,
some
set
before
another
,
few
satisfie
themselues
of
one
restoratiue
,
but
euery
man
of
that
helyketh
best
:
and
although
there
is
but
some
one
kind
of
measure
which
nature
hath
appointed
,
and
one
kind
of
meat
simple
and
in
any
wise
vncorrupted
,
that
is
most
for
the
helth
and
the
nourishment
of
the
body
,
from
the
bounds
of
which
whosoeuer
exceedeth
,
and
followeth
his
owne
appetite
,
beyond
eyther
measure
or
the
ordinance
of
nature
,
hee
may
receiue
hurt
by
that
was
ordained
for
his
necessary
good
:
euen
so
in
that
great
variety
of
Histories
,
wherin
there
is
set
downe
a
thousand
counsels
,
directed
to
a
thousand
purposes
,
and
after
what
sorte
socuer
the
reader
be
ledde
by
fancy
or
stayed
by
iudgement
,
so
doth
he
censure
or
apply
them
.
Whereby
oftentimes
that
which
is
ordained
for
meat
,
couerts
to
surfet
,
&
salutaria
pharmica
,
the
wholsome
medicines
prepared
for
the
recreation
,
infectes
the
mind
,
by
which
abuse
it
followes
not
,
a
decree
be
made
all
food
to
be
distasted
,
nor
any
benifit
despised
,
since
there
is
for
al
men
leauied
a
path-way
to
vertue
,
in
which
who
so
walketh
aduisedly
,
is
praise-woorthy
,
and
who
transgresseth
ofselfeopinion
is
to
be
condemned
for
his
error
.
Some
reading
Histories
deceiue
themselues
,
imagining
the
bare
stile
of
the
history
,
is
of
authority
inough
in
it selfe
to
instruct
the
reader
,
wheras
indeed
it
doth
no
more
but
minister
matter
to
learne
vppon
,
offering
it selfe
to
all
vses
,
according
as
the
person
is
affectioned
,
in
like
case
as
doth
the
feast
,
for
as
he
that
draws
an
arrow
in
a
bow
,
may
draw
it
home
or
short
,
as
his
strength
finds
good
for
him
,
and
as
he
〈◊〉
:
〈◊〉
,
so
in
the
vse
of
Histories
,
the
practise
is
made
not
according
to
t●e
vse
of
the
words
,
but
the
inclination
of
the
will
.
Some
read
Histories
for
no
other
delight
but
onely
in
the
reading
,
who
seeking
no
more
but
a
present
delectation
,
do
loose
the
benefit
of
the
pleasant
fruites
,
such
men
gaine
no
more
by
turning
ouer
the
leaues
of
a
history
,
then
they
that
play
vpon
an
instrument
,
taking
no
further
delight
therein
,
then
to
passe
away
the
tediousnesse
of
the
time
present
,
and
shottly
after
enter
into
a
more
tedious
conflict
with
themselues
:
for
it
is
no
pleasure
that
hath
not
respect
vnto
vertue
.
Others
there
are
whome
the
glittering
glosse
of
glory
pricketh
so
forward
,
and
to
such
a
mishape
transformeth
them
,
that
they
thinke
no
aduenture
to
great
for
them
,
nor
no
prehemmence
aboue
them
,
being
of
no
ability
,
for
the
performance
of
the
one
,
nor
of
desert
to
at
taine
to
the
other
;
vtterly
forgetting
,
that
those
glorious
examples
whych
they
read
,
are
not
set
forth
by
writers
for
any
other
intent
,
then
that
such
as
ensuing
vertue
,
may
thereby
learne
to
contemne
glory
being
aboue
their
reach
,
or
if
it
accompany
them
,
not
to
be
proud
and
arrogant
of
it
.
And
although
that
none
but
Fooles
will
enterprise
to
aspire
to
the
like
glory
,
without
the
like
virtue
,
yet
notwithstanding
it
is
manifest
that
some
finding
no
other
merit
in
themselues
,
but
that
they
haue
reade
the
Noble
acts
of
others
,
do
thinke
their
desert
of
highest
worth
,
notsparing
of
themselues
to
speake
,
Why
should
not
I
be
either
a
Scipio
or
Caesar
,
like
vnto
players
of
Tragedies
,
who
when
they
haue
put
off
the
apparrell
,
wherein
they
haue
played
the
part
of
most
Noble
personages
,
do
continue
to
counterset
them
in
countenance
and
behauiour
.
There
are
also
men
of
rude
and
vulgar
vnderstanding
who
destract
from
al
record
,
which
is
not
either
newes
or
wonders
,
like
Ideots
that
giue
more
to
a
mans
gay
and
superfluous
cote
,
then
vnto
the
person
or
his
vertuous
parts
;
that
extend
large
offices
to
the
outward
show
,
if
it
be
gawdy
,
and
neglect
the
labored
instruction
within
,
be
the
worke
neuer
so
worthy
.
But
whereas
,
it
is
the
principal
commendation
,
apertaineth
to
a
history
,
to
stirre
vp
the
mind
of
man
from
sloath
fulnesse
,
and
to
fence
it
from
all
dangers
by
the
strength
of
examples
,
(
then
the
which
there
is
nothing
of
greater
power
either
to
perswade
or
diswade
)
and
that
the
ancient
reseruing
of
them
tendeth
to
that
end
and
purpose
,
yet
it
commeth
to
passe
through
the
sloathful
security
of
men
,
and
the
neglect
of
their
good
,
being
so
carefully
reserued
and
offered
them
,
by
perswading
themselues
,
that
other
mens
perils
helpe
nothing
to
their
safty
,
that
such
acts
as
are
most
worthy
of
remembrance
are
either
vngratefully
rebuked
,
or
else
heard
with
deafe
and
vnsetled
ears
.
Finally
their
be
,
that
out
of
an
obstinat
presumption
,
transgresse
euen
against
that
same
part
containeth
the
most
graue
and
earnest
matters
,
as
though
histories
should
be
written
,
not
as
they
were
done
indeed
,
but
as
they
ought
to
be
done
,
with
●iled
phrase
and
fresh
inuention
,
of
set
purpose
onely
to
'
please
them
.
So
that
partly
by
meanes
of
that
carelesse
security
,
and
partly
by
the
surfet
of
rash
and
vnaduised
reading
,
it
commeth
to
passe
that
(
euen
as
it
wer
of
corrupt
humours
)
a
certaine
corruptnesse
of
Iudgment
and
peruerse
opinion
is
bred
.
There
is
also
another
of
no
lesse
force
then
these
a
forsaid
,
and
that
is
in
the
writer
of
histories
,
who
folowing
as
it
wer
the
tast
of
their
own
Palats
,
as
thogh
they
wer
forgers
of
their
worke
themselues
,
fashion
their
labour
rather
to
intice
the
reader
to
spred
their
commendation
,
then
to
let
their
hand
&
pen
consent
to
the
truth
:
wherin
they
do
like
Cooks
,
who
oftentimes
in
seasoning
their
maisters
meate
rather
please
their
own
●ellish
then
their
Maist
,
by
which
,
two
seuerall
Iudgements
are
misled
,
the
one
by
rash
censure
,
the
other
not
recording
plainely
and
sincerly
.
For
a
Historigrapher
,
is
no
other
but
a
reporter
of
things
done
,
(
with
whose
iudgement
if
there
be
any
fault
)
it
standeth
with
him
as
with
a
tun
of
Wine
,
which
(
of
it selfe
being
plesant
and
beautiful
)
doth
either
take
an
euill
talent
of
the
Caske
,
or
else
is
made
vnrellishable
by
being
mingled
with
some
other
compound
,
which
is
either
a
shameful
and
intollerable
deceit
,
or
a
point
of
extreame
folly
and
ignorance
.
To
those
then
that
ingrosse
Histories
I
perscribe
this
rule
,
that
they
write
to
record
,
not
to
flatter
.
Of
those
that
read
them
(
since
I
am
of
firme
opinion
such
authors
are
profitable
to
be
read
)
though
for
no
other
but
for
the
great
aboundance
of
examples
that
they
entreate
off
,
I
request
that
they
circumspectly
and
carefully
ouerlooke
them
,
considering
how
great
fruites
or
discommodities
are
in
them
propounded
:
otherwise
it
happeneth
vnto
them
that
imagine
a
worke
may
be
read
ouer
lightly
,
as
with
those
that
hold
a
h●e
may
be
passed
ouer
vnaduisedly
,
without
the
exact
obseruing
&
executing
of
a
mans
duty
,
or
as
it
doth
to
Souldiers
who
in
the
sacking
of
a
Citty
come
to
the
risling
of
some
pothycaries
shop
,
plentiously
furnished
withal
store
belonging
to
their
arte
,
and
being
allured
with
the
sweetnesse
of
the
confections
,
and
spices
which
they
chance
first
to
lay
their
hands
on
,
thinking
the
remaine
to
be
of
the
same
,
do
eat
and
deuorue
al
that
they
light
on
,
in
such
sort
that
some
fal
sick
,
some
run
mad
,
some
dye
presently
,
and
he
scapes
best
,
is
maruailously
distemepred
,
so
that
for
their
greedinesse
their
●llowes
laugh
them
to
scorne
.
For
euen
as
mans
life
is
ful
of
commodities
and
discommodities
,
so
is
a
history
,
which
is
the
true
image
and
representation
of
the
life
,
and
as
the
wisedome
of
the
life
consisteth
onely
in
the
faire
carriage
and
good
behauiour
of
the
life
,
so
the
profit
of
reading
is
in
the
applycation
therof
.
F●rwell
,
and
enioy
these
things
to
thy
most
furtherance
and
commodity
.
The
Preface
of
the
most
famous
Historiographer
Justine
,
vpon
the
Histories
of
Trogus
Pompeius
,
dedicated
vnto
Anthony
the
Emperor
.
WHereas
many
of
the
Romaines
,
euen
such
as
had
attained
to
the
state
of
consuls
,
had
put
the
acts
of
the
Romans
in
writing
,
first
in
Greeke
,
and
after
into
other
forrain
languages
:
Trogus
Pompeyus
,
(
a
man
of
auntient
eloquence
)
whether
it
were
for
the
desire
of
the
like
renowne
and
glory
,
or
for
the
pleasure
that
he
had
in
the
variety
and
strangenesse
of
the
worke
,
compyled
as
well
the
Histories
of
the
Greekes
,
as
the
Histories
also
of
the
whole
worlde
besides
,
in
the
Latine
tongue
;
to
the
intent
that
as
our
Chronicles
are
reade
in
Greeke
,
the
Chronicles
of
the
Greekes
might
be
published
in
our
owne
tongue
:
Wherein
he
enterprised
a
painfull
labour
both
of
body
and
mind
.
For
first
seeing
many
authors
haue
taken
vppon
them
to
set
downe
the
raigne
of
some
one
King
,
or
the
actions
of
some
one
peculiar
kind
of
people
,
and
thoght
themselues
to
haue
vndertaken
a
weighty
businesse
;
wee
may
well
thinke
Pompeyus
to
haue
bin
as
bold
as
Hercules
,
that
durst
aduenture
vpon
the
whole
world
.
In
whose
books
are
conteined
the
gouernment
of
all
ages
,
of
all
Kings
,
of
all
Nations
&
countries
:
And
those
things
,
that
the
Greek
Chroniclers
haue
disorderly
set
downe
,
as
euery
man
thought
most
conuenient
to
please
himselfe
,
the
same
hath
Pompeyus
compiled
into
one
maine
history
,
omitting
nothinge
,
saue
onely
those
thinges
altogither
vnprofitable
to
be
spoken
of
.
Therefore
of
these
xliiii
.
volumes
(
for
so
many
did
Pompey
set
foorth
)
by
leisure
,
during
this
time
of
my
residence
in
the
Citty
,
I
drew
out
all
such
principles
as
I
thought
worthy
to
be
remembred
,
onely
leauing
out
such
notes
,
the
knowledge
whereof
,
could
not
either
be
delightfull
,
nor
yet
necessary
for
example
.
I
haue
therefore
gathered
,
as
it
were
a
bundle
of
Flowers
,
to
the
entent
that
all
such
as
haue
knowledge
in
the
Greeke
,
might
fully
bee
satisfied
,
and
as
for
them
which
are
therein
vnskilfull
,
matter
of
instruction
.
All
which
I
haue
dedicated
to
your
Maiesty
,
not
so
much
to
read
,
and
peruse
,
as
to
correct
,
and
also
to
giue
an
account
of
my
time
,
whereof
Cato
willeth
a
due
account
should
be
rendred
.
It
sufficeth
me
at
this
present
,
if
your
highnesse
doe
allowe
my
labours
;
trusting
hereafter
,
that
when
the
brunt
of
slaunderous
enuy
is
ouerpaste
,
they
that
come
after
,
shall
beare
witnes
of
my
trauell
and
paines
taking
.
Farewell
.
The
translator
to
THE
READER
.
READE
,
benefite
,
but
detract
not
,
Vrit
enim
fulgore
suo
qui
pragrauat
Artes
Infrasepositus
,
extinctus
amabitur
idem
.
Who
being
made
Arts
Iudge
,
doth
Art
depraue
;
His
name
shall
be
forgotten
,
at
his
Graue
.
G.
W.
THE
Succession
of
the
Kinges
of
the
three
Monarchies
mentioned
in
this
Booke
,
collected
out
of
Eusebius
,
Berosus
,
and
Megasthenes
.
The
first
Monarchie
of
the
Assyrians
.
-
NInus
the
sonne
of
Iupiter
.
-
Belus
was
the
first
Emperour
of
Assyria
,
and
raigned
52.
yeares
.
-
Semiramis
the
wife
of
Nynus
raignd
forty
two
yeares
.
-
Zanes
Nineas
,
otherwise
called
Ninus
,
and
sonne
of
the
forefaid
Ninus
and
Semiramis
,
38.
yeares
.
-
Arius
.
30.
yeares
.
-
Aralius
.
40.
yeares
.
-
Baleus
Zerxes
.
30.
years
.
-
Amatrites
.
38.
yeares
.
-
Belochus
the
priest
of
Baall
.
35.
years
.
-
Baleus
.
fifty
2.
yea
.
-
Altadas
.
thirty
2.
-
Mamytus
.
thirty
.
-
Mancaleus
.
30.
years
.
-
Sterus
or
Spherus
.
20.
-
Mamelus
.
thirty
.
-
Sparetus
.
40
-
Ascatades
.
40
-
Amynthas
.
45.
yea
.
-
Belothus
.
25.
years
-
Bellopares
.
30.
-
Lamprides
.
32.
-
Sosares
.
20
-
Lampares
.
thirty
.
-
Panias
.
45.
yeares
.
-
Sosarmus
.
19.
-
Mytreus
.
27.
-
Tautanes
.
32.
-
Tauteus
.
40.
-
Tineus
.
30.
yeares
-
Dercillus
40.
-
Eupalus
38
-
Laosthenes
45
-
Pyriciades
thirty
year
.
-
Orphrateus
20.
years
-
Ophratanes
.
L
yeares
.
-
Ocrasapes
.
42.
yeares
.
-
●onos
Concoleros
.
al.
sardonopallus
.
20
yea
.
This
Empire
continued
1236.
yeares
.
The
second
Monarchy
of
the
Medians
and
Persians
.
The
Medes
.
-
Arbaces
.
xxviii
.
yeares
.
-
Mandanes
.
I.
,
yeares
.
-
Sosarmon
30.
yeares
.
-
Articarmines
L.
yeares
.
-
Arbianes
xxii
.
yeares
-
Areeus
40.
yeares
.
-
Artiues
.
xxii
.
years
.
-
Astibares
20.
yeares
-
Astyages
30.
yeares
The
kings
of
Media
held
the
Empi
.
CClxxxxii
.
years
.
The
Persians
.
-
Cyrus
30.
yeares
-
Cambises
vii
.
yeares
v.
mo
.
-
Podizites
&
Oropastes
vsurpers
vii
.
monthes
.
-
Darius
36.
years
-
Xerxes
.
20.
years
-
Artabanus
vsurper
that
slew
Xe●xes
.
7.
monthes
-
Artaxerxes
longhand
.
40
yeares
-
Xerxes
2.
months
-
Sogdianus
8.
months
-
Da●ius
the
bastard
.
19
years
.
-
Artaxerxes
the
mindful
,
40.
yea
.
-
Artaxerxes
Ochus
,
26.
years
.
-
Arses
4
years
-
Darius
the
son
of
Arsamus
,
whome
Iustine
calleth
Cadoma●
.
6
yea
.
The
kings
of
Persia
●e●de
the
Empire
.
CC
,
30.
yeares
and
fiue
months
.
The
second
Monarchy
of
the
Medes
and
Persians
endured
522.
years
,
5.
months
.
The
third
Monarchy
,
of
the
Macedons
.
-
Alexander
the
gret
,
after
whose
deth
his
kingdome
was
diuided
among
his
Noblemen
12.
yeares
.
-
Arideus
7.
yeares
-
Cass●nder
18.
years
-
An●ipater
and
Alexander
.
4.
years
-
Demetrius
6.
years
.
-
Pirrhus
6.
mon.
-
Lysimachus
5.
yeares
-
Ptolomeus
Ceranicus
1.
yeare
.
-
Mele●ger
2.
mon.
-
An●pater
1.
yeare
-
Sosthenes
2.
yeares
.
-
Antigonus
Gonatas
.
36
yeares
-
Demetrius
10.
yeares
-
Antigonus
15.
years
-
Phillip
42.
yeares
.
-
Perses
the
last
king
10.
yeares
.
The
empire
of
Macedon
lasted
with
Alexander
Clxix
.
years
.
and
8.
monethes
.
The
kings
of
Asia
.
-
Antigonus
18.
yeares
.
-
Demetrius
Pollorcetes
7.
yeares
The
kings
of
Siria
.
-
Scleuchus
Nicanor
.
32.
yeares
The
kings
of
Syria
and
Asia
.
-
Antiochus
Soter
43.
years
.
-
Antiochus
Thcos
15.
yeares
-
Scleuchus
Callinicus
20.
years
.
-
Scleuchus
Ceranus
.
3.
yea
.
-
Antiochus
the
great
36.
yea
.
-
Scleuchus
Philopater
12.
years
-
Antiochus
Epiphanes
11
,
years
-
Antiochus
Eupa●er
2.
yeares
-
Demetrius
Soter
22.
years
-
Alexander
10.
years
-
Demetrius
3.
years
-
Antiochus
Sedetes
9.
yeares
-
Demetrius
againe
4.
yeares
-
Antiochus
Gripho
12.
years
-
Antiochus
Cyriccnus
18.
years
-
Phillip
2.
yeares
The
kingdome
of
Siria
endured
CClxxxxix
.
years
.
The
kings
of
Egypt
.
-
Ptolomeus
〈◊〉
son
of
Lagus
.
40.
ye
,
-
Ptolo
,
Philadelphus
lv●●●
.
yeares
.
-
Ptolo.
Eu●rgetes
36.
yeares
.
-
Ptolo.
Philopater
.
17.
years
-
Ptolo.
Ephiphanes
24.
years
-
Ptolo.
Euergetes
20.
yea
.
-
Ptolo.
Phiscon
al.
soter
22.
year
-
Ptolo.
Alexander
10.
years
-
Ptolo.
Lathyrus
viii
.
years
-
Ptolo.
Dyon●sius
30.
yeares
-
Cleopatia
22.
year
The
Empire
of
Egipt
stoode
after
Alexander
CC.
lxxxviii
yeares
.
The
Monarchy
of
Alexander
continued
in
altogither
CCC
,
yeares
.
FINIS
THE
FIRST
BOOKE
OF
that
famous
Historiographer
JVSTINE
.
THE
ARGVMENT
.
Nr
NVS
,
was
the
first
founder
of
the
Monarchy
of
Ass●ria
.
The
wise
of
Semyramis
,
attireth
her selfe
in
mans
apparell
:
she
builded
Babylon
,
conquereth
Ethyope
,
maketh
warre
vpon
the
Indians
,
and
at
last
is
slaine
by
her
own
Sonne
.
Sardanapalus
is
deposed
for
his
vicious
life
,
and
with
him
ended
the
Empire
of
Assyria
.
Arbactus
remoueth
the
Empire
to
the
Meades
.
Astyages
causeth
Cyrus
to
be
cast
awaie
,
being
new
borne
,
yet
by
fortune
he
is
preserued
.
Harpagus
is
forced
to
lose
his
owne
sonne
,
because
he
was
the
preseruer
of
the
life
of
Cyrus
.
Cyrus
ouercommeth
Astyages
,
and
remoueth
the
Empire
from
the
Medes
to
the
Persians
.
Babylon
rebelleth
and
is
subdued
.
Craesus
is
taken
prisoner
,
and
his
Realm
brought
to
most
abiect
and
base
seruitude
.
Candaules
through
his
owne
folly
,
is
slaine
by
Cyrus
,
who
thereby
enioyed
his
kingdome
.
Cyrus
with
a
great
multitude
of
the
Persians
is
slaine
by
Thomiris
,
Queene
ouer
the
Massagets
.
His
sonne
cambyses
succeedeth
,
he
conquereth
Egypt
,
causeth
his
owne
brother
to
be
murdred
,
and
at
last
himselfe
perished
,
by
his
owne
sword
.
Comaris
and
Oropastes
vsurpe
,
Ortho●es
Counseller
of
State
,
findeth
out
their
treasons
.
Seauen
of
the
greatest
among
the
Nobles
,
plot
their
deaths
.
Darius
made
King
by
the
neighing
of
his
horse
,
Hee
marryeth
the
daughter
of
King
Cyrus
,
fetched
backe
the
citty
of
Babylon
,
and
maketh
great
preparation
against
the
Scithians
.
ITis
generally
held
from
all
beginnings
,
that
the
gouernment
of
Countries
and
Nations
,
hath
alwaies
Kings
ought
to
be
chosen
only
for
●ertue
.
rested
in
the
hands
of
Kings
:
who
were
chosen
to
that
highe
estate
,
not
by
Ambition
,
but
for
their
vertues
.
There
was
then
no
lawes
to
bind
the
people
to
obedience
,
but
the
Princes
commaund
euer
stoode
for
lawe
:
then
they
rather
chose
to
defend
their
owne
kingdomes
at
home
,
rather
then
inlarge
their
territories
by
forced
violence
vppon
their
neighbors
.
NInus
king
of
the
Assyrians
,
was
the
first
that
changed
this
olde
lawe
of
Nations
,
&
thirsting
after
Soueraignty
,
made
warre
vpon
his
neighbor
Nations
,
who
being
ignorant
what
way
to
make
resistance
,
hee
easily
ouercame
,
conquering
all
as
he
went
a
long
,
euen
to
the
borders
of
Affricke
.
I
reade
that
before
his
time
two
Kings
,
Vexores
king
of
Egypt
,
and
Tanays
king
of
Scythia
,
the
one
of
which
made
a
voyage
to
Pontus
,
the
other
to
Egypt
,
but
that
was
far
off
,
not
at
home
:
neither
was
it
to
thirst
after
Souerainty
or
gouernment
,
Desire
of
honor
first
caus
of
●●rre
.
but
to
win
honor
to
their
Subiects
,
and
only
contented
themselues
with
victorye
.
But
Ninus
enlarged
the
Empire
by
continuall
seizing
into
his
hands
all
such
Countries
as
hee
ouercame
:
by
reason
of
which
conquests
ouer
the
neighboring
countries
,
he
so
increased
in
power
and
grew
so
strong
,
that
at
length
hee
woon
all
the
East
part
of
the
worlde
.
The
last
field
that
euer
hee
fought
,
was
with
Zoroastres
king
of
the
Bactrians
,
which
King
is
reported
to
bee
the
first
inuentour
of
Magycke
,
and
made
great
search
to
finde
out
the
beginning
of
the
worlde
,
and
the
mouing
of
the
Stars
.
This
Zoroastres
being
The
first
inuention
of
Magyck
and
Astronomy
.
slaine
,
Ninus
himselfe
dyed
also
,
leauing
behinde
a
Sonne
(
being
vnder
age
called
Nynus
)
by
his
wife
Semiramis
.
She
durst
not
commit
the
gouernment
to
the
child
,
nor
her selfe
take
it
vpon
her
openly
,
considring
that
so
many
and
mighty
Nations
(
which
scarcely
would
obey
a
man
,
would
much
lesse
submitte
themselues
vnto
a
Woman
)
resolued
thus
:
that
whereas
before
she
was
Nynus
wife
and
a
woman
,
she
counterfaited
A
Womans
pollicy
.
to
be
his
sonne
,
and
also
a
Boye
:
and
the
rather
,
for
that
both
the
mother
and
the
boy
were
of
one
stature
,
one
proportion
of
body
,
had
both
small
voices
,
and
what
was
most
,
both
of
one
fauor
.
She
therefore
attyred
her selfe
in
mans
apparell
,
and
ware
vpon
her
head
a
kind
of
coyfe
(
called
Tyara
)
and
Semyramls
weareth
más
apparell
.
because
people
shoulde
not
mystrust
any
thing
by
her
new-found
attyre
,
shee
commanded
them
to
apparrell
themselues
in
the
same
manner
:
which
kind
of
attyre
the
Assyrians
did
euer
after
vse
,
euen
to
this
day
:
and
in
this
disguise
she
was
neuer
taken
for
any
other
but
her
Sonne
.
In
the
time
of
this
disguise
she
attained
many
worthy
enterprises
,
by
which
greatnes
,
when
she
thought
shee
had
out-worne
E●uy
,
shee
reueyled
her selfe
.
This
her
pollicy
mightily
raised
her
renowne
,
in
that
she
(
being
a
woman
)
far
surrnounted
in
warlike
discipline
,
not
onely
women
,
but
men
also
.
She
builded
Babylon
,
and
inclosed
it
with
a
wall
of
Brycke
inlayed
with
Bytumen
,
a
kind
of
morter
much
vsed
in
those
Countries
.
Many
worthy
enterprises
did
this
Queene
atchiue
:
for
not
being
content
to
maintaine
the
estate
of
the
Empire
(
as
her
husband
left
it
)
she
subdued
Ethyope
,
and
made
warre
vpon
India
,
wherinto
no
man
had
euer
entred
,
but
onely
the
and
Alexander
the
great
.
At
the
last
vnnaturaly
desiring
to
company
with
her
own
Sonne
,
she
was
by
him
slain
,
Semyramis
slaine
by
her
owne
sonne
.
when
she
had
raigned
forty
two
yeares
,
after
the
death
of
her
husband
Nynus
.
Nynus
her
Sonne
,
contented
himselfe
with
what
his
parents
had
gotten
,
shutting
vp
all
manly
courage
and
knighthood
,
in
meere
Idlenesse
and
effeminacy
;
&
as
thogh
he
had
changed
nature
with
his
mother
,
gaue
himself
wholy
to
women
,
and
among
men
was
very
seldome
acquainted
:
his
posterity
also
following
his
example
,
answered
their
people
by
messengers
.
The
Assyrians
(
which
afterward
were
called
Syrians
)
held
the
Soueraignty
1300.
yeares
.
The
last
king
that
raigned
was
Sardanapalus
(
a
man
more
nice
then
any
woman
)
into
whose
presence
Arbactus
(
whom
hee
made
Lieutenant
generall
ouer
the
Medes
)
could
not
be
admitted
:
but
by
long
sute
he
was
at
last
suffered
to
haue
entrance
to
his
presence
(
which
before
was
neuer
graunted
vnto
any
man
.
)
When
Arbactus
came
in
,
he
found
him
spinning
of
purple
vpon
a
distaffe
in
womens
attyre
in
the
middle
of
his
Concubines
,
and
he
far
surpassed
all
the
women
there
present
,
both
in
softnes
of
bodye
,
and
purity
of
Vicious
wantonnesse
the
bane
of
kingdomes
.
countenance
,
and
thus
sat
he
weighing
out
to
euery
one
their
task
:
At
which
sight
Arbactus
being
abashed
,
grew
into
high
disdaine
,
that
so
many
worthy
men
should
be
subiect
to
such
a
womanishe
disposition
,
departed
,
and
presently
made
report
of
that
his
eyes
had
seen
,
and
heart
disdained
:
protesting
that
he
for
his
part
,
would
neuer
giue
consent
longer
to
obey
such
a
creatur
,
as
had
rather
be
accompanied
altogither
with
women
then
men
.
Whervpon
the
Lords
banding
themselues
togither
,
bad
him
battell
:
he
hearing
hereof
(
not
like
a
man
resolued
to
defend
his
kingdome
,
but
like
a
woman
fearing
death
)
first
found
a
corner
wherein
to
hide
his
head
,
and
after
with
a
few
scatterred
soldiers
,
all
out
of
order
came
into
the
field
,
where
being
ouercome
,
he
retyrd
backe
againe
to
his
pallace
,
and
there
causing
a
huge
fire
to
bee
Sardanapalus
destroys
himselfe
made
,
cast
himselfe
and
all
his
riches
thereinto
,
herin
only
playing
the
man
.
After
Arbactus
the
worker
of
his
confusion
,
was
made
king
,
and
remoued
the
Empire
from
the
Assyrians
,
to
the
Medes
.
Long
time
after
(
many
kings
comming
betweene
)
by
dissent
the
kingdome
came
to
Astyages
.
This
man
hauing
no
Issue
,
saue
one
onely
daughter
,
dreamt
that
hee
saw
springing
out
of
her
bellye
,
a
vine
,
whose
branches
should
ouer-shaddow
all
Asia
:
Astyages
his
Dreame
.
wherupon
calling
before
him
all
his
Soothsayers
and
Interpreters
of
dreams
,
demanded
the
meaning
of
this
vision
:
who
answerd
,
that
his
daughter
should
bring
forth
a
nephew
,
whose
greatnes
was
disclosed
by
this
vine
,
and
that
by
him
he
should
be
deposed
from
his
regall
dignity
.
The
King
being
hereby
stricken
into
a
maruellous
feare
,
thinking
to
preuent
fate
,
married
away
his
daughter
carelesly
:
not
Nobly
at
home
,
to
any
of
his
owne
Nation
,
but
to
a
Persian
slaue
of
verye
base
estate
,
and
amongst
Her
name
was
Mádane
them
accounted
the
vildest
people
liuing
:
and
yet
not
herewith
satisfied
,
sent
for
his
Daughter
(
being
great
with
child
)
that
so
soone
as
she
was
deliuered
,
he
might
see
the
babe
destroyed
.
So
soon
as
the
childe
was
borne
,
it
was
giuen
to
Harpagus
a
chiefe
man
of
the
Kings
Councel
,
to
be
slaine
.
Harpagus
Astyages
causeth
his
Nephew
to
be
slaine
.
wisely
casting
the
inconuenience
that
might
redound
hereby
vpon
himself
,
after
the
kings
decease
(
because
he
had
no
yssue
male
to
succeed
)
if
the
king
dome
should
light
vpon
the
daughter
,
how
egerly
she
woulde
prosecute
reuenge
vpon
him
being
a
Subiect
,
which
she
could
not
vpon
her
father
being
king
:
Al
which
considered
,
he
deliuered
the
childe
to
the
kings
Heardsman
,
for
him
to
make
away
.
About
which
time
,
the
heardsman
himselfe
also
had
a
son
,
whose
wife
hearing
the
kings
childe
should
be
cast
away
,
earnestly
requested
her
husband
to
fetch
the
child
that
she
might
haue
a
sighte
thereof
.
The
Shepheard
ouercome
by
his
wiues
importunity
,
returned
againe
into
the
wood
,
where
hee
found
a
Bitch
giuing
the
childe
suck
,
and
also
defending
it
from
the
violence
of
foules
and
wild
beasts
:
who
being
so
much
the
more
moued
at
the
sight
heereof
,
tooke
vp
the
child
and
brought
it
to
his
cottage
,
the
Bitch
following
egerly
all
the
way
.
Assoone
as
the
woman
had
the
babe
in
her
armes
,
hee
smiled
and
played
with
her
and
there
appeared
such
chearefulnesse
in
him
,
that
she
desired
her
husband
rather
to
cast
away
his
owne
child
,
and
she
would
bring
vp
that
in
stead
thereof
.
And
thus
●●rodo●us
●●po●●●th
the
Shephea●ds
●hild
was
stil
borne
.
the
destiny
of
the
two
children
being
changed
,
the
kings
nephew
was
broght
vp
in
the
place
of
the
Shepheards
sonne
,
and
the
Shepheards
cast
away
for
the
kinges
nephew
.
The
nurses
name
was
after
called
Sp●●con
(
for
so
the
Persians
call
a
Bitch
in
their
language
)
The
child
being
brought
vp
among
the
Shepheards
,
was
named
Cyrus
:
and
in
the
sports
of
children
was
by
lot
chosen
a
ki●g
amongst
them
as
they
were
playing
:
in
wh●ch
sportes
hee
whipped
such
as
were
stubborne
against
him
.
The
parents
of
the
children
,
made
complaint
her
of
to
the
king
,
taking
it
in
great
scorn
,
that
Noblemens
children
should
be
beaten
like
slaues
of
the
The
courag●
o●s
stomach
〈◊〉
Cyr●s
.
kings
bond-men
.
The
king
sending
for
the
child
demaunded
why
he
did
so
:
who
answered
(
without
changing
countenance
)
that
he
had
done
as
becam
a
king
.
The
king
wondring
at
his
audacity
,
called
to
remembrance
his
dream
and
the
interpretation
,
and
when
he
had
wel
uiewed
the
countenance
of
the
child
,
the
time
of
his
casting
away
,
the
Shepheards
examination
,
and
all
to
iumpe
together
,
he
openly
acknowledged
him
to
be
his
Nephew
.
Now
As●yages
became
altogether
forgetfull
of
his
dreame
,
thinking
it
was
fully
come
to
passe
,
because
Cyrus
had
playde
the
King
among
little
Children
,
whilst
he
was
abiding
with
the
Shepheard
,
therefore
he
put
awaye
all
displeasure
,
and
wholy
bent
his
furious
reue●ge
against
Harpagus
(
his
chiefe
and
only
Councellor
of
state
)
vnto
whom
he
proued
so
great
an
enimy
(
for
Harpagus
sonn●
is
〈◊〉
and
g●uen
to
his
father
to
●eed
on
.
that
he
spared
the
life
of
his
nephew
)
that
nothing
might
satisfie
,
but
that
his
sonne
should
be
butcherly
killed
,
and
set
before
his
father
,
as
me●t
to
feede
vpon
.
This
tyrannous
proceeding
,
mustred
vp
a
thousand
discon●entes
in
the
thoughts
of
Harpagus
,
which
on
the
sudden
he
could
not
frame
and
fitte
for
reuenge
,
but
in
wise
discretion
dissembled
greefe
,
til
oportunity
had
shaken
hands
with
iust
occasion
.
In
meane
space
,
Reuenge
slept
,
Cyrus
grewe
vp
to
mans
estate
,
and
Harpagus
bare
the
heauy
burthen
of
his
sons
mu●der
:
euen
so
long
,
that
being
ouerwhelmed
as
it
were
,
he
sat
him
down
and
wrote
vnto
Cyrus
a
very
mouing
Epistle
,
shewing
the
whole
proccedinges
of
his
H●rp●●●●
〈◊〉
a
l●●
〈◊〉
to
Cyrus
being
in
P●rly●
.
most
cruel
Granfather
.
First
,
the
base
manage
of
his
daughter
into
Persya
,
then
the
charge
imposed
vpon
me
,
to
see
you
made
away
,
and
howe
by
mee
you
were
preserued
,
the
kings
hatred
towards
me
,
and
that
which
euen
woundeth
my
very
soule
,
the
losse
of
my
deere
sonne
,
more
deerer
unto
mee
then
life
:
All
which
considered
,
hee
encouraged
him
to
raise
an
Army
,
and
with
all
hast
to
enter
the
kingdome
,
promising
,
that
he
for
his
part
would
so
alter
and
order
the
present
State
,
that
all
the
powers
of
the
Medes
should
reuolt
.
This
letter
thus
made
ready
,
could
not
safely
be
conueyed
to
the
hands
of
Cyrus
openly
,
for
seare
of
the
Kings
Officers
which
kept
strait
watche
in
all
the
passages
:
at
last
,
beating
his
wit
for
pollicy
in
so
secret
a
stratagem
,
hee
thus
resolued
:
A
Hare
was
brought
before
him
readye
bowelled
,
and
in
the
A
letter
sent
in
a
〈◊〉
belly
.
belly
therof
puts
the
letter
,
and
caling
a
trusty
seruent
,
deliuerd
the
Hare
willing
him
to
carry
it
to
Cyrus
being
in
Persya
,
&
the
more
to
remoue
away
al
suspicion
,
he
caused
him
to
carry
nets
along
therwith
,
vnder
colour
of
hunting
,
and
such
like
pastimes
.
Cyrus
,
although
he
had
taken
a
thorow
view
of
the
letter
,
was
not
fully
satisfied
,
tyl
in
a
dreame
he
was
comanded
to
receiue
it
as
a
truth
,
and
in
euery
thing
to
take
those
courses
that
was
therein
deliuered
:
In
which
dream
also
,
he
was
aduised
,
that
whosoeuer
met
him
first
the
next
morning
,
he
should
Cyrus
makes
him
his
panion
that
he
first
meeteth
.
ioyne
him
as
Companion
of
al
his
Fortunes
.
Hereupon
,
early
in
the
mo●n
he
tooke
a
iourney
out
,
and
on
the
way
there
met
him
a
seruant
(
called
Sybaris
)
lately
escaped
forth
of
prison
from
a
man
of
Media
.
Of
him
he
required
his
Countrey
,
and
vnderstanding
he
was
a
Persyan
borne
,
he
commaunded
his
●etters
to
be
loosed
,
and
receiued
him
ioyfully
,
taking
him
as
companion
of
his
chances
,
and
so
returned
back
againe
to
the
Citty
Persepolis
.
Being
come
into
the
Citty
,
he
gathered
togither
a●
the
Inhabitants
therof
,
commanding
euery
man
to
prouide
an
Axe
,
to
cut
downe
al
the
wood
that
grew
by
the
high-way
side
,
which
they
did
couragiously
.
The
next
day
,
he
made
a
great
feast
vnto
them
:
in
the
midst
whereof
,
when
hee
sawe
they
grew
to
be
merry
and
pleasant
,
he
putteth
forth
this
question
;
That
(
if
they
were
put
to
their
choise
)
whether
they
would
liue
in
labour
and
toyle
as
they
Cyrus
makes
the
Inhabitants
a
great
feast
.
did
yesterday
,
or
in
myrth
and
feasting
,
as
at
this
present
.
The
people
took
no
long
deliberation
to
answer
,
but
instantly
cryed
with
one
voice
,
In
mirth
&
feasting
:
Then
(
quoth
Cyrus
)
so
long
as
ye
are
in
subiection
to
the
Medes
you
must
endure
labor
and
toyle
,
as
yesterday
:
but
if
you
wil
follow
me
,
ye
shal
liueing
eat
iollity
,
as
on
this
day
:
So
with
a
genetal
resolution
,
he
raised
a
power
,
and
made
warre
vpon
the
whole
Nation
of
the
Medes
.
Astages
for
getting
the
wrong
done
to
Harpagus
,
made
him
Lieutenant
general
,
who
so
soone
as
he
had
receiued
the
charge
of
so
huge
an
Atmye
,
presentlie
remembred
his
promise
made
to
Cyrus
,
and
accordingly
yeelded
Hatpagus
reuolteth
.
vp
al
his
Forces
:
herein
requiting
the
kings
cruelty
for
his
son
,
with
disloyalty
,
to
the
vtter
ouerthrow
both
of
his
state
and
kingdome
.
When
tidings
hereof
came
vnto
Astiages
,
he
with
al
speed
raised
another
mightye
power
,
and
went
in
person
towards
Persia
,
where
he
fiercely
renewed
the
battel
,
and
The
valiant
●outage
of
Astyages
.
as
his
soldiers
were
in
fight
,
he
stil
placed
fresh
companies
at
their
backes
,
charging
to
beat
them
forward
perforce
that
were
before
vpon
the
enemie
,
and
the
rather
to
keep
them
to
the
fight
,
told
them
they
were
euery
way
so
begirt
with
enemies
that
they
could
no
waie
escape
by
cowardly
slight
,
and
therefore
withed
them
ma●fvlly
to
beare
themselues
.
Al
which
when
the
Soldiers
had
welconsidered
,
and
noting
the
policy
of
the
king
,
they
resolued
to
bide
the
brunt
,
rather
then
the
rebuke
of
cowards
,
and
thereupon
gaue
so
fierce
an
assault
,
that
they
made
the
Persian
hoast
to
giue
way
:
so
the
hoast
of
the
Persians
beeing
ouercharged
,
and
perceiuing
that
they
still
gathered
ground
vpon
them
,
gaue
back
:
but
their
Wiues
and
mothers
ran
hastily
among
them
,
desiring
them
not
to
be
discouraged
,
but
The
●ourage
of
the
Persian
women
.
returne
againe
into
the
battaile
:
but
when
the
women
perceiued
that
they
made
small
hast
,
they
all
at
one
instant
lifted
vp
their
clothes
,
and
shewing
their
pri●y
parts
,
asked
if
they
would
run
againe
into
their
mothers
wombes
for
succour
and
defence
.
The
Persians
being
in
this
reprochfull
maner
touched
with
their
womens
The
courage
of
the
Per●ur
.
wordes
and
actions
,
in
a
reuenging
anger
reunited
all
their
forces
,
and
returned
backe
againe
into
the
Battell
,
and
charged
vpon
the
enemy
in
such
couragious
manner
,
that
they
compelled
them
to
flie
,
from
whom
but
euen
now
they
themselues
did
run
awaie
.
In
this
battell
Cyrus
ouercame
his
graundfather
Aslyages
,
and
tooke
him
prisoner
,
taking
nothing
away
from
him
,
saue
the
kingdome
onely
;
rather
choosing
still
to
be
accounted
as
his
Nephewe
,
then
Tyrant-like
to
insult
vpon
him
as
a
Conqueror
:
moreouer
,
because
all
his
dignities
should
not
forsake
him
at
one
instant
,
he
m●de
him
Ruler
ouer
the
Hyrca●ians
,
which
were
a
mighty
Nation
:
And
thus
came
the
Empyre
of
the
Medes
to
an
end
,
which
before
had
continued
350.
yeares
.
Cyrus
,
in
the
beginning
of
his
raigne
,
made
Sybaris
(
whom
according
to
his
vision
he
had
before
deliuered
out
of
prison
,
and
taken
to
him
as
Companion
〈…〉
Vision
.
of
all
his
fortunes
)
Lyeutenant
generall
ouer
the
Persyans
,
and
to
his
more
content
,
gaue
his
owne
sister
to
him
in
marriage
.
But
as
for
all
suche
Citties
as
before
were
tributary
to
the
Medes
,
(
forsomuch
as
the
Empire
was
changed
,
they
supposed
their
estate
to
be
also
changed
)
felaway
from
Cyrus
,
which
was
the
occasion
of
much
warre
,
and
many
bloudy
battailes
:
yet
at
last
many
of
those
he
forced
back
againe
to
their
former
obedience
,
and
in
th
end
made
warre
vpon
the
Babylonians
.
Croesus
king
of
Lydia
(
whose
wealth
hath
bin
held
far
beyond
all
other
Princes
)
came
in
ayde
of
the
Babylonians
,
where
being
ouercome
,
and
growing
into
consideration
of
the
end
,
closely
retyred
home
againe
to
his
owne
Countrey
.
Cyrus
hauing
here
attained
victorie
,
could
not
so
content
himselfe
,
but
hasting
to
●ettle
Babylon
at
quiet
,
takes
his
course
from
thence
with
all
his
warlike
companies
to
Lydia
,
where
in
very
short
time
he
ouercame
all
the
powers
of
Croesus
with
no
great
toyle
or
labour
(
by
reason
they
had
so
lately
returned
from
Babilon
)
Croesus
himselfe
being
taken
prisoner
in
the
field
:
and
according
to
the
●ase
he
hadde
in
their
Cr●●sus
take
prysoner
vanquishment
,
he
vsed
the
same
proportion
towards
them
againe
.
For
first
,
to
Croesus
he
granted
life
,
and
with
his
life
,
the
greatest
part
of
all
his
inheritance
,
with
the
great
Citty
called
Barce
;
in
the
which
although
he
liued
not
asking
,
yet
he
had
the
state
of
a
King
,
and
all
the
royalties
thereunto
belonging
,
the
title
of
king
,
only
excepted
.
These
deeds
of
mercy
mightilie
redoubled
vpon
the
Conqueror
,
and
with
small
damage
to
the
conquered
.
For
the
rumor
here
of
being
sp●ead
abroad
,
that
warre
was
made
against
Croesus
,
presently
all
Greece
was
vppe
in
Armes
and
came
to
ayde
him
(
euen
with
as
much
speed
,
as
it
bin
to
quenche
some
outragious
fire
.
)
Such
was
their
loue
to
Croesus
,
euen
in
generall
,
that
if
Cyrus
had
offered
him
cruelty
in
Conquest
,
it
had
kindled
a
most
sharpe
warre
vpon
the
head
of
Cyrus
.
After
in
course
of
time
,
Cyrus
being
employed
in
forren
warres
,
tidinges
came
that
the
Lydians
were
vp
in
Armes
,
wherevpon
hee
speedily
returned
,
and
with
small
force
brought
an
end
of
that
reuolt
:
and
to
preuent
all
future
The
Lydians
reuolt
.
chance
,
he
tooke
from
them
al
defence
of
warre
;
as
Horses
,
Armour
,
and
other
weapons
,
giuing
straight
commandment
that
they
should
vse
nothing
but
practises
of
pleasure
and
delight
:
as
drinking
,
musicke
,
gaming
,
and
all
delightes
of
effeminate
wantonnesse
.
Hereby
it
came
to
passe
,
that
this
people
Reward
of
Rebellion
.
(
being
euer
accounted
strong
,
warlike
,
and
of
proud
stomach
)
becam
idle
,
drousie
,
drunken
,
and
vnapt
for
any
exercise
;
not
of
Armes
,
but
euen
weak
&
feeble
in
strength
of
body
,
and
so
spent
all
their
after
daies
in
ryot
.
There
were
amongst
the
Lydyans
many
worthy
kings
,
before
the
dayes
of
Croesus
,
whose
actes
were
worthy
after-memorie
:
but
among
many
,
none
euer
out-stript
the
Fortunes
of
Candaules
,
who
hauing
a
wife
(
which
for
perfection
of
beauty
far
surmounted
the
women
of
those
times
)
could
not
contain
himselfe
within
the
limits
of
his
owne
secret
pleasures
,
but
made
his
owne
tongue
to
blazon
out
to
euery
eare
,
that
which
in
silence
might
haue
lien
buried
in
his
owne
bosome
:
I
say
not
being
content
to
praise
her
beauty
,
but
for
a
more
certainty
to
proue
his
report
no
fable
,
on
a
day
hee
caused
her
to
strip
her selfe
stark
naked
in
sight
of
one
of
his
acquaintance
(
named
Gyges
)
whom
he
made
an
ey-witnes
of
what
his
tongue
had
vttered
.
This
vna●uised
demeanour
of
Candaules
wrought
such
an
alteration
in
his
friend
,
that
he
instantly
becam
his
enemye
,
and
shortly
after
hee
slew
Candaules
,
and
married
his
wife
,
who
willingly
yeelded
hir selfe
and
kingdom
into
the
hands
of
this
adulterat
murderer
.
Cyrus
,
who
all
this
time
was
busied
in
Asia
,
in
the
end
became
sole
conqueror
of
the
East
:
but
not
therewith
content
,
began
warres
against
the
Scythians
.
Thomaris
a
Warlike
woman
.
In
the
time
of
which
attempt
,
there
raigned
ouer
that
Nation
a
Queene
(
called
Thomaris
)
who
(
not
like
a
woman
)
receiued
the
enemy
couragiously
,
and
with
manly
resolution
gaue
him
leaue
to
passe
the
Ryuer
Araxes
,
(
although
shee
might
haue
stopped
all
the
passages
)
and
gathered
all
aduantages
of
strength
for
the
defence
of
her
owne
Countrey
:
so
that
if
the
enemy
receiued
the
worst
,
they
should
verie
hardly
escape
back
againe
,
because
they
could
not
suddenlie
recouer
the
R●uer
,
neither
keepe
any
order
in
their
retire
.
Cyrus
being
as
polliticke
,
passed
the
Riuer
,
marching
with
his
Army
vp
into
the
Countrey
,
a
daies
ioutney
and
more
,
and
then
pitched
his
Camp.
The
next
day
,
as
if
he
were
afraid
he
retired
,
forsaking
his
campe
,
which
he
left
very
richly
furnished
,
fit
for
to
welcome
any
kingly
gueste
.
The
Queene
hearinge
hereof
,
gathered
vp
the
third
part
of
her
Army
,
giuing
the
conduct
therof
vnto
her
young
sonne
(
called
Spargapyses
)
who
followed
the
enemy
very
eagerly
.
At
last
,
comming
to
the
Campe
of
cyrus
,
(
the
young
Prince
being
too
raw
in
Ignorant
lea
ders
dangerous
in
warr●
wa●l●ke
stratagems
)
forgat
the
bettaile
,
and
fell
to
the
banket
:
suffring
his
followers
(
being
not
vsed
to
such
dellicate
viands
)
so
to
ouercharge
themselues
with
Wine
,
that
there
was
little
vse
of
weapons
.
So
soone
as
cyrus
heard
hereof
,
he
returned
secretly
in
the
night
,
and
falling
vpon
them
vnawars
,
put
them
al
to
the
sworde
,
and
amongst
the
rest
,
the
Queenes
sonne
escaped
not
,
but
was
there
slaine
.
Thomaris
hauing
lost
so
great
an
army
,
and
what
was
worse
her
only
sonne
,
shut
not
vp
reuenge
in
teares
,
but
dissemblingly
made
faite
weather
,
and
reuniting
togither
againe
all
her
companies
,
gaue
a
fresh
assault
vppon
the
Enemie
;
wherein
she
requited
cyrus
and
his
pollicy
with
the
like
:
for
seeming
to
be
feareful
of
her
former
losse
,
she
still
drew
backe
more
and
more
,
till
she
had
brought
cyrus
to
a
mighty
strait
,
&
leeing
a
fitte
place
,
begirt
him
round
with
a
band
of
men
which
laye
in
ambush
,
and
slew
two
hund.
thousand
Persians
,
wherein
Cyrus
amongst
the
rest
receiued
a
very
dangerous
and
mortall
wound
The
death
of
Cyrus
.
whereof
shortly
after
hee
died
.
In
this
conflict
,
which
is
worthy
note
,
there
was
not
a
man
left
aliue
,
to
carrye
home
tidings
of
this
deadlye
fight
.
The
Queene
could
not
yet
rest
satisfied
,
although
shee
had
the
life
of
her
enemy
,
but
commanded
his
head
should
be
smitten
off
,
and
throwne
into
a
great
bole
of
mans
bloud
,
making
knowne
his
cruelty
more
apparantly
,
by
these
wordes
which
she
then
vttered
:
Goe
,
now
and
glut
thy
selse
with
the
bloud
of
Men
,
which
in
thy
lise
wouldest
neuer
be
satisfied
.
This
Cyrus
raigned
thirty
yeares
,
being
a
〈…〉
.
very
valiant
and
worty
Prince
,
not
onely
in
the
beginning
of
his
raigne
,
but
through
out
the
whole
course
of
his
life
.
Cambyses
his
sonne
succceded
in
the
Kingdome
,
who
by
conquestioyned
Cambyses
〈◊〉
.
the
Empire
of
Egypt
thereunto
,
making
one
Soueraignty
ouer
both
.
He
was
mightily
offended
with
the
Egyptians
for
their
superstition
,
and
commaunded
the
Temple
of
Apis
and
other
goddes
to
be
beaten
downe
,
and
laid
leuell
with
the
ground
;
and
withall
sent
a
migthy
Army
to
destroy
the
Temple
of
Amon
,
(
which
temple
was
held
in
so
great
estimation
amongst
them
,
)
which
Armye
being
ouer
whelmed
with
vyolent
tempests
,
and
huge
heapes
of
sande
,
was
vtterly
destroyed
Afterwards
hee
had
a
dreame
wherein
hee
conceited
that
his
brother
Smerdes
should
weare
the
Diadem
after
him
,
the
which
stroke
such
a
terror
to
his
hart
,
that
he
was
neuer
satisfied
,
till
he
had
wrought
his
death
:
for
it
was
not
to
be
thought
that
he
would
spare
his
brothers
life
,
when
hee
offered
such
violence
vnto
the
very
Gods.
This
murder
of
his
brother
,
hee
thought
to
worke
by
one
Comays
(
a
verie
especiall
friend
of
his
,
beeing
one
of
the
samily
called
Magyes
,
)
a
bloudy
tyrant
fit
for
his
purpose
,
but
he
was
preuented
.
T●ranny
rewarded
.
At
last
himselfe
by
his
owne
sworde
,
by
chance
falling
out
of
the
scabberde
,
receiued
a
grieuous
wound
in
the
thigh
,
where
of
he
shortly
after
died
,
taking
the
true
reward
of
a
Homycide
.
This
thus
comming
to
passe
,
wor●●ereof
came
vnto
the
cares
of
the
Wiseman
,
who
verie
cunningly
kept
close
th●
death
of
the
King
,
and
the
rather
,
for
that
he
would
fully
effect
what
he
had
vndertaken
:
and
to
the
intent
he
mighte
remoue
away
Smerdes
(
who
was
right
heyre
vnto
the
Crowne
)
hee
caused
him
to
be
slaine
,
and
presently
aduanceth
his
owne
brother
(
named
Oropastes
)
to
the
throne
of
Maiestie
(
for
both
in
making
and
fauour
,
hee
very
much
resembled
the
King.
)
This
cunning
plot
of
Comays
,
laie
yet
still
vndiscouered
,
and
vnmistrusted
,
and
the
mista●e
betwixt
Smerdes
and
Oropastes
,
passed
for
currant
amongst
all
men
;
and
the
rather
might
this
be
brought
about
,
for
that
among
the
Persians
(
for
the
greater
reuerence
and
high
regard
that
is
giuen
to
the
person
of
the
King
)
hee
neuer
sheweth
himselfe
vnto
the
people
open
faced
.
Then
the
Wise-man
thinking
to
gaine
the
m●re
fauour
of
the
Commons
,
Oropastes
is
made
king
by
treachery
.
eased
them
of
all
manner
trybute
and
allegience
,
during
the
tearme
of
3.
years
,
as
also
from
all
pressing
of
Souldiers
,
and
seruices
in
warre
,
during
all
the
said
tearme
;
onely
to
the
intent
that
bribery
and
flatterie
might
be
as
securely
established
throughout
the
kingdome
,
as
that
they
had
already
gotten
by
Treason
and
pollicy
.
These
things
being
thus
carried
,
then
began
suspition
to
spring
vp
amongst
the
Nobles
,
but
especially
(
one
aboue
the
rest
,
called
Orthones
)
a
manne
of
worthy
resolution
,
and
pollitick
in
all
the
affaires
of
the
commonweale
:
This
An
excelent
plot
to
finde
out
the
treason
of
Comar●s
.
man
therefore
,
casting
about
by
all
means
to
sound
out
the
depth
of
this
their
misdoubting
,
sent
to
his
daughter
(
being
one
of
the
kings
Concubines
)
to
learne
of
her
whether
he
that
was
king
was
the
true
sonne
of
Cyrus
or
no
:
who
sent
answere
to
her
father
,
that
of
her selfe
she
cannot
resolue
him
,
neyther
any
of
her
fellowes
,
although
they
were
so
neere
the
king
,
because
they
came
in
place
not
togither
at
any
time
,
but
onely
by
one
and
one
:
This
answere
being
receiued
from
his
daughter
,
he
rested
not
here
with
content
,
but
sent
back
word
,
that
she
should
do
after
this
manner
;
when
he
was
fast
asleepe
,
to
feele
about
his
head
,
whether
he
had
eares
or
no
ears
,
for
that
Cambyses
in
his
time
had
caused
both
the
eares
of
the
wise
man
to
be
cut
off
.
She
according
to
the
commandement
of
her
father
,
returned
this
answere
backe
,
that
the
king
,
had
no
eares
,
wherby
this
notable
treason
came
to
publike
knowledge
not
onely
Treason
discouereth
●t
selfe
.
to
him
,
but
by
him
to
the
rest
of
the
Nobles
of
the
Realme
,
and
by
way
of
compulsion
,
bound
euery
man
to
other
by
othe
,
that
they
shoulde
resist
and
gather
all
the
strength
they
could
,
whereby
in
all
speedy
maner
they
might
remoue
and
vtterly
ouerthrow
the
Vsurper
.
There
was
chiefe
in
this
resolution
but
onely
Seauen
,
who
leauing
all
detraction
,
Seauen
principal
plotters
in
the
action
.
(
for
feare
least
if
the
multitude
who
was
to
aide
them
mighte
haue
much
breathing
time
,
the
whole
confederacy
might
happily
be
bewrayed
)
therefore
euery
man
preparing
with
his
weapons
ready
vnder
his
gown
,
strait
tooke
their
way
to
the
kings
pallace
,
and
making
slaughter
of
all
such
as
anye
way
resisted
,
they
came
to
the
very
Chamber
where
these
Vsurping
Traitors
were
,
who
beholding
themselues
so
suddainely
surprised
,
and
in
daunger
,
very
couragiouflye
setled
to
defend
their
authority
,
and
with
their
weapons
ready
drawne
fastned
vpon
their
enimyes
and
slew
two
of
the
chiefest
in
this
conspiracy
:
Al
this
notwithstanding
,
(
the
conspirators
being
the
greater
number
)
caught
hold
of
some
of
them
:
Amongst
the
rest
Gobryas
catching
at
one
of
the
wise
men
held
him
fast
in
his
armes
,
and
when
he
perceiued
that
his
copartners
staid
their
hands
,
(
fearing
least
they
should
by
mistake
kill
the
one
instead
of
the
other
,
for
this
action
fell
out
in
the
darke
night
,
)
bad
them
thrust
their
swords
into
the
wise
man
,
although
it
were
to
the
hazzarde
of
the
The
truth
of
Gobrias
towards
his
Countrey
.
life
of
Gobryas
:
but
the
euent
fell
out
better
then
the
resolution
,
for
it
so
chanced
that
they
killed
the
Vsurper
,
and
Gobryas
was
saued
harmelesse
.
This
comming
so
well
about
,
these
Noblemen
wan
vnto
themselues
great
fame
,
in
that
they
had
by
such
valour
regained
againe
the
kingdome
,
which
was
by
so
polliticke
a
course
long
time
ruinated
:
as
also
their
renowne
was
the
more
famous
,
in
that
when
they
were
in
controuersie
about
the
kingdome
,
they
did
so
well
accorde
together
amongst
themselues
;
For
they
were
al
men
of
high
spirit
,
great
warriors
,
and
euery
man
within
himselfe
of
great
estate
,
that
it
grew
a
hard
matter
in
question
amongst
the
people
,
who
was
worthiest
,
and
therefore
determined
by
whole
consent
,
to
comit
the
matter
to
God
and
good
fortune
.
This
vnion
by
consent
thus
ended
,
they
appointed
next
,
that
at
a
certaine
time
each
man
vpon
his
courser
should
present
himselfe
before
the
pallace
,
in
the
morning
by
breake
of
day
:
and
then
he
whose
horse
first
neighed
before
the
sunne
rising
,
that
man
should
without
any
contradiction
be
their
king
and
sole
monarch
(
for
the
Persians
hold
this
for
vnmoueable
,
that
there
is
no
other
God
saue
the
sunne
onely
)
and
that
a
horse
is
helde
the
onely
ioy
of
the
same
God
,
and
there
vnto
him
are
hallowed
.
There
was
amongst
the
conspitators
,
one
Darius
,
the
sonne
of
Hystaspis
who
being
greatly
perplexed
in
thought
,
howe
he
might
by
some
cunninge
slight
,
gaine
the
kingdome
to
himselfe
,
bestowed
much
beating
and
labour
in
his
troubled
pate
,
till
at
last
his
horse-keeper
perceiuing
the
whole
matter
said
:
If
my
Lord
there
be
no
other
thing
to
crosse
your
desire
,
take
courage
,
and
let
no
thought
further
trouble
you
,
for
assuredly
the
day
shall
lighte
on
your
side
.
Hereupon
,
the
euening
before
the
day
appointed
,
he
brought
his
maisters
horse
to
the
same
place
where
this
appointed
meeting
was
to
be
,
and
thither
caused
a
Mare
to
be
brought
,
thinking
that
for
desire
of
the
Mare
,
the
The
pollicy
of
a
horskeeper
.
thing
would
so
come
to
passe
,
as
his
Lord
and
maister
had
desired
,
&
afterward
sorted
to
their
desired
wish
.
The
morning
being
approched
(
euery
man
kept
the
due
houre
appointed
)
Darius
horse
knowing
the
place
,
by
reason
of
the
courage
had
to
the
Mare
,
forthwith
neighed
alowde
,
and
first
of
al
the
company
gaue
him
a
token
of
his
long-thirsted
for
authority
.
The
residue
of
the
Lords
,
calling
to
remembrance
their
forepassed
decree
,
so
soone
as
they
heard
the
neighing
of
the
horse
,
dismounted
from
their
coursers
,
and
saluted
Darius
by
the
name
of
king
,
and
all
the
people
following
their
example
,
and
allowing
the
iudgements
of
their
peeres
and
petty
Princes
,
tooke
him
from
thenceforth
for
their
lawefull
and
iust
king
.
Thus
was
the
kingdome
brought
backe
againe
out
of
the
hands
of
vsurpers
by
the
exceeding
resolution
and
valour
of
seauen
of
the
greatest
Nobles
in
all
the
kingdome
into
the
hands
of
one
man
to
be
gouerned
.
It
is
almost
not
to
be
credited
in
course
of
humain
reason
,
that
so
many
famous
,
worthy
and
great
personages
(
notwithstanding
that
they
hazzarded
their
liues
)
to
regain
the
kingdome
out
of
the
hands
of
the
wise
men
,
and
in
so
great
content
to
let
it
rest
only
on
the
fortunes
of
Darius
,
but
that
they
well
remembred
their
faiths
was
before
obliged
,
and
what
was
more
,
knew
that
Darius
was
very
neerely
alyed
vnto
the
auncient
kings
of
Persia.
Againe
to
giue
further
satisfaction
and
content
to
the
state
of
his
whole
Lande
;
in
the
beginning
of
his
raigne
(
to
the
entent
he
might
the
better
establish
his
kingdome
,
he
ioyned
Darius
takes
to
wife
the
daughter
of
Cyrus
.
himselfe
into
the
blood
royall
)
taking
in
marriage
the
onely
daughter
of
Cyrus
,
whereby
it
appeared
,
with
more
plainnes
to
euery
vnderstanding
,
that
the
kingdome
was
not
so
much
in
the
gouernement
of
a
straunger
,
as
that
it
was
more
fully
reduced
into
the
family
and
stocke
of
king
Cyrus
.
Not
long
after
the
Asstrians
fell
into
rebellion
,
taking
the
citty
of
Babilon
by
force
.
The
king
hauing
word
hereof
,
grewe
into
an
exceeding
great
rage
against
them
,
the
which
rage
of
his
was
wel
obserued
by
one
Zopyrus
,
(
one
of
the
seuen
which
subdued
and
ouercame
the
wisemen
)
who
withdrew
himselfe
home
to
his
own
house
,
and
calling
about
him
such
seruitors
as
he
then
had
,
caused
them
first
to
strip
him
out
of
his
cloths
,
and
then
with
certaine
whips
in
most
lamentable
manner
to
ouerunne
all
his
body
,
and
to
cut
off
his
nose
,
lips
,
and
eares
,
In
this
vile
&
gastly
shape
,
Zopyrus
commeth
very
hastily
into
into
the
presence
of
the
king
,
who
was
so
amazed
hereat
,
that
he
stood
confounded
,
and
could
not
tell
what
might
be
immagined
at
this
so
woful
spectacle
.
At
last
,
gathering
vp
himselfe
,
out
of
this
mazed
motiues
,
demaunded
who
had
so
shamefully
mangled
and
martyred
his
body
,
and
vpon
what
occasion
:
Zopyrus
,
stepped
forth
more
neerer
vnto
the
person
of
the
king
,
and
in
The
loue
of
Zopirus
to
the
King
and
Country
.
secret
discoursed
his
whole
intent
,
and
to
what
end
this
disguised
body
of
his
was
thus
strangely
dismembred
,
and
withall
told
the
king
his
whole
drifte
and
purpose
herein
.
Thus
taking
his
leaue
,
he
went
his
way
like
a
wandering
Vagarant
towards
Babylon
,
wherein
grieuous
manner
before
all
the
Inhabitants
,
he
sheweth
this
his
mangled
body
,
withall
falling
into
most
bitter
exclamations
against
king
Darius
,
rehearsing
in
what
cruelty
he
had
proceeded
against
him
,
and
that
he
had
receiued
such
indignity
from
him
,
that
he
had
euen
bereft
him
of
a
part
in
the
kingdome
,
not
by
prowesse
or
manhood
,
but
only
by
a
hard
measure
of
fortune
:
neyther
was
it
by
the
applause
or
election
of
men
,
but
an
exceeding
cunning
sleight
,
namely
the
neighing
of
a
horse
.
Herevpon
hee
councelled
them
,
to
take
warning
by
this
his
misery
,
how
they
gaue
credit
to
such
a
dangerous
foe
.
Further
he
aduertised
them
,
not
to
rely
vpon
the
weaknes
of
their
walles
,
but
betake
them
to
their
weapons
:
and
if
they
stood
so
affected
,
as
to
make
choise
of
him
to
take
their
part
in
these
actions
of
warre
,
because
of
the
Zopirus
trechery
toward
the
Babylonians
.
wronges
and
wounds
he
had
receiued
were
still
fresh
in
memory
:
All
which
the
Babilonians
hauing
thoroughly
considered
,
and
giuing
credit
to
the
personage
and
Nobility
of
the
man
,
as
also
for
that
he
was
a
worthy
warryour
,
and
that
his
wrongs
were
as
a
sufficient
warrant
to
credite
him
,
they
made
him
generall
ouer
all
their
seruices
,
and
hee
to
smother
and
disguise
his
plot
the
more
,
with
a
small
company
twice
or
thrice
,
set
vppon
the
Persians
,
and
still
preuailed
,
especially
for
that
they
gaue
way
to
his
purpose
for
the
nonce
.
At
last
,
seeing
him
fortunate
in
all
his
attempts
,
they
put
the
whole
Army
ouer
to
Zopirus
deliuereth
Babilon
to
Darius
his
trust
,
who
hauing
what
he
came
for
,
deliuered
them
vp
by
treason
to
the
king
his
maister
,
and
by
this
experienced
plot
,
brought
the
Citty
again
into
their
former
obedience
.
After
this
,
the
King
raysed
a
power
,
and
made
warre
vpon
the
Scythians
,
whereof
more
shall
be
set
downe
in
the
next
booke
following
.
The
end
of
the
First
Booke
.
The
second
Booke
THE
ARGVMENT
.
THe
Scythyans
and
Egyptians
contend
for
the
antiquity
of
their
Countries
.
Scythia
is
described
,
with
the
Manners
and
customs
of
the
people
:
their
fortunate
enterprises
,
and
what
Empyres
were
by
them
first
set
vp
.
Plynos
and
Scolopythus
two
Gallants
of
the
bloud-royall
banished
.
They
take
vnto
them
a
great
number
of
the
yong
gentry
,
their
are
all
by
pollicy
put
to
the
sword
:
Their
Wiues
reuenge
their
deaths
,
and
so
became
the
first
Amazonian
Empyre
.
The
maners
&
Customes
of
the
Amazons
.
The
succession
of
the
Amazonian
Queenes
.
Hercules
freeth
his
Prisoner
Menalippe
for
the
Queens
armour
.
Penthesilia
aydeth
the
Troyans
against
the
Greekes
.
Thalestris
hauing
obtained
the
company
of
great
Alexander
,
returneth
and
dieth
,
and
with
her
death
ended
the
gouernment
of
the
Amazons
.
The
Scythians
bond-men
rebell
.
Darius
maketh
warre
vpon
the
Scythians
,
he
taketh
a
shamefull
flight
,
He
conquereth
Asya
and
Macedone
,
he
bendeth
his
forces
against
the
Athenians
.
The
first
originall
of
the
Athenians
,
their
inuentions
,
succession
of
their
Kings
,
change
of
their
gouernment
,
the
Lawes
and
pollicie
of
Solon
.
Pisistratus
vsurpeth
.
Hyppias
is
deposed
and
flyeth
to
Darius
.
The
worthy
battell
of
Marathon
,
where
Hyppias
is
slaine
.
Darius
dyeth
.
Xerxes
succeedes
.
He
raiseth
a
new
power
against
Greece
and
is
ouercome
.
The
Valour
of
Leonidas
.
Xerxes
retireth
dishonorably
into
his
kingdom
.
Mardonius
is
vanquished
in
Beotia
.
Themystocles
in
high
esteeme
for
his
prowesse
.
Athens
againe
new
builded
.
The
Lacedemonians
make
warre
vpon
the
Persyans
.
Pausanias
condemned
as
a
Traytor
.
Xerxes
againe
proclaimeth
warre
against
Greece
,
he
is
againe
ouercome
both
at
Sea
and
Land
,
by
Cymo
Duke
of
Athens
,
and
is
at
last
forced
home
againe
.
IN
reporting
the
actions
of
the
Scithians
,
which
were
no
lesse
famous
then
honorable
,
it
is
necessary
to
beginne
our
discourse
with
their
first
originall
.
For
their
beginning
was
glorious
,
as
their
Empire
was
powerfull
:
and
in
renowne
of
military
discipline
,
the
women
were
accounted
nothing
inferior
to
the
men
.
For
as
the
one
founded
the
Empires
of
the
Persians
and
Bactrians
,
so
the
other
errected
the
souerainty
of
the
Amazons
:
yea
Contention
betweene
the
Scythians
and
Egyptians
for
antiquity
.
the
exploits
of
the
one
sexe
so
equalized
the
fortunes
of
the
other
,
that
harde
it
were
to
censure
,
to
whether
party
to
giue
the
garland
by
way
of
comparison
for
hauty
and
fortunate
enterprises
.
These
Nations
were
euer
accounted
most
auncient
,
yet
concerning
their
antiquity
many
disputations
were
mooued
betweene
them
and
the
Egiptians
:
the
Egiptians
aledging
,
that
in
the
beginning
when
some
countreys
were
scorched
with
immoderate
heat
,
and
others
as
bitterly
vexed
with
such
insufferable
cold
,
that
it
not
onely
hindered
naturall
procreation
,
but
(
that
worse
is
〈◊〉
security
of
life
or
health
to
arriuing
strangers
,
before
the
vse
of
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
found
out
against
weathers
iniury
,
and
the
temperature
of
Clim●●
〈◊〉
by
art
and
industry
:
wheras
Egipt
was
scituated
vnder
so
moderate
a
●●●●ellation
,
that
neither
the
cold
of
winter
,
not
the
heat
of
summer
was
any
way
offensiue
to
the
naturall
inhabitatnts
.
Also
the
groundes
was
so
fruitfull
,
that
there
is
no
land
vnder
the
Sun
,
that
bringeth
foorth
more
abundance
for
the
vse
of
man
:
from
hence
therefore
it
may
bee
very
well
concluded
,
that
of
right
men
ought
to
be
borne
and
brought
vp
,
where
the
soyle
of
the
Countrey
is
most
pleasant
to
their
constitution
.
To
crosse
this
their
affirmation
,
the
Scithians
denied
,
that
the
temperatenes
of
the
aire
,
made
any
thing
for
proofe
of
antiquity
:
insomuch
that
nature
it
selfe
so
soone
as
it
hath
giuen
foorth
vnto
euery
seuerall
climate
such
portion
of
cold
or
heat
as
best
befyteth
:
of
it
owne
accord
doth
breed
such
bodies
,
and
such
creatures
,
as
shall
be
able
to
vndetgo
the
Climate
in
most
delighte
:
as
men
and
women
in
their
kind
,
beasts
in
their
places
,
and
sundry
trees
,
herbes
,
stones
and
mettals
,
in
their
kind
,
according
to
the
estate
and
condition
of
the
places
,
where
they
are
resiant
:
and
howe
much
the
times
of
yeare
and
weather
,
seemed
harder
and
colder
in
Scithia
,
then
in
Egipt
,
so
much
the
more
harder
and
stouter
were
the
Scithians
,
rather
then
the
Egiptians
.
But
if
the
world
being
now
deuided
into
parts
,
were
once
in
one
lumpe
:
then
whether
water
in
the
beginning
were
Lord
of
the
earth
,
or
fire
had
got
the
vper-hande
and
so
got
possession
of
all
things
,
and
by
reason
hereof
,
the
world
wer
made
,
yet
the
Scithians
in
both
of
these
must
of
necessity
proue
the
auncienter
.
For
if
you
will
say
fire
had
the
first
possession
of
all
,
that
might
by
little
and
little
be
quenched
,
and
so
giue
place
to
the
earth
,
from
which
,
no
part
coulde
bee
sooner
seperated
from
the
fire
,
by
the
extreme
nipping
of
the
winter
season
,
then
the
North
:
which
euen
to
this
day
is
by
experience
knowne
vnto
all
people
and
Nations
,
that
for
extremity
of
cold
the
North
claimeth
the
preheminence
:
whereas
Egypt
,
and
so
likewise
all
the
East
partes
were
a
long
season
in
finding
forth
that
temperatenes
,
wherein
they
could
be
satisfyed
,
as
for
better
proofe
appeareth
by
them
euen
at
this
day
,
that
they
haue
such
an
vnmeasurable
portion
of
heat
from
the
sun
,
that
it
parcheth
and
scorcheth
their
bodies
in
great
extremity
.
But
if
all
the
world
were
once
drownd
,
then
it
will
soone
appeare
that
the
higher
the
place
is
,
the
sooner
it
is
discouered
:
by
this
reason
,
that
the
waters
withdraw
themselues
into
the
lower
grounds
,
and
there
abide
some
course
of
time
before
they
can
be
dried
vp
,
and
the
sooner
it
is
consumed
,
then
the
sooner
is
it
made
a
place
for
the
breeding
of
liuing
creatures
.
Now
it
is
wel
known
that
Scythia
is
so
much
higher
then
other
Countreys
and
Dominions
,
that
al
the
Riuers
thereof
,
take
their
courses
downward
,
and
in
their
fall
meete
with
the
Riuer
of
Meotis
,
and
so
altogether
run
from
thence
into
the
sea
of
Pontus
,
and
lastly
into
the
Egiptian
Sea.
But
as
for
Egipt
in
it selfe
:
being
by
care
and
great
cost
of
many
kinges
for
many
hundred
yeares
,
maintained
with
huge
dams
and
mighty
bankes
,
there
cast
vp
to
resist
the
rage
and
violence
of
the
waters
,
as
also
strengthened
,
fortifyed
and
cut
out
into
ditches
and
trenches
,
to
the
intent
that
the
Waters
being
receiued
into
the
one
,
might
be
kept
by
the
other
from
any
furthe●●ing
,
and
therefore
coulde
not
be
peopled
,
except
the
Riuer
Nylus
were
●●ut
vp
,
cannot
seeme
to
be
accounted
auncienter
then
other
,
but
rather
(
by
reason
of
the
great
cost
in
the
land
that
many
Princes
haue
bestowed
,
as
also
the
aboundance
of
mud
that
the
Riuer
of
Nylus
leaues
behind
)
may
rather
seeme
to
be
last
inhabited
amongst
all
other
kingdomes
and
Countreyes
.
So
in
conclusion
of
this
long
controuersie
betwixt
these
two
famous
Nations
,
the
Egiptians
receiued
the
foile
by
argument
,
and
the
Scythians
were
euer
accounted
most
auncient
,
and
therefore
most
Honorable
.
Scythis
stretcheth
his
bonds
into
the
East
,
and
is
inclosed
,
on
the
one
side
The
Scituation
of
Scythia
.
with
Pontus
,
on
the
other
with
the
Mountaynes
called
Rhiphaes
,
vpon
the
back
hath
Asys
,
and
the
Riuer
of
Tanais
:
It
is
of
a
great
length
,
and
also
exceeding
wide
.
The
inhabitants
make
no
bonds
betweene
man
and
man
.
They
haue
no
vse
of
Tyllage
,
nor
any
certaine
places
of
abode
,
or
houses
.
As
they
feede
and
graze
their
Cattell
,
wandring
from
place
to
place
,
thorough
desarts
and
wilde
places
,
they
take
with
them
their
wiues
and
Children
,
which
they
carry
along
in
certaine
waggons
and
Chariots
,
all
couered
with
raw
Hides
,
to
resist
the
violence
of
the
aire
,
the
which
they
vse
insteed
of
dwelling
Their
maner
of
habitan●
.
houses
.
They
haue
the
vse
of
Iustice
,
euen
of
a
very
naturall
inclination
,
and
not
for
feare
of
law
.
Stealing
amongst
them
is
accounted
the
most
basest
and
heinous
offence
can
be
committed
:
First
,
in
consideration
that
they
haue
no
Iustice.
houses
,
nor
any
place
wherein
to
make
themselues
safe
,
and
againe
that
all
their
riches
consisteth
of
Cattell
,
what
could
they
account
to
be
in
safety
,
if
they
should
giue
way
to
theft
:
and
as
for
Golde
and
Siluer
,
they
do
as
much
despise
it
,
as
other
Nations
desires
and
couet
it
.
Their
principall
food
is
milke
and
Honny
,
they
haue
no
vse
of
woole
,
nor
know
how
to
make
garments
thereof
:
and
though
they
be
continually
vexed
with
cold
,
yet
they
vse
no
other
clothing
,
then
the
skins
of
wild
beasts
,
and
Their
food
.
a
certaine
vermine
called
Myce.
This
is
one
chiefe
ground
of
their
vprightnes
in
life
,
in
that
they
are
so
moderate
in
their
affections
,
that
they
alwaies
rest
contented
with
their
owne
estate
,
and
neuer
desire
the
goods
of
another
.
For
Clothing
.
it
is
euery
where
to
be
found
,
that
where
abundance
of
wealth
is
,
there
couetousnesse
raigneth
as
a
great
commaunder
,
and
in
the
end
bursteth
foorth
into
such
greedinesse
,
that
it
is
neuer
satisfied
but
with
bloud
,
or
bloudy
actions
:
as
murder
,
warre
,
and
all
other
calamities
of
wofull
destiny
:
Againe
,
it
is
note
worthy
,
that
they
should
haue
that
by
nature
,
which
the
Greekes
by
instruction
of
all
their
wisest
men
,
and
precepts
of
all
the
Philosophers
,
so
long
time
continued
,
could
neuer
attaine
:
as
also
that
the
exquisit
and
ciuill
manners
of
the
Grecians
,
shoulde
be
so
farre
surmounted
,
in
comparison
of
the
rude
and
barbarous
Scythians
,
because
they
made
more
vse
and
profit
of
their
time
in
the
nursery
of
ignorance
and
vice
,
than
the
other
did
in
the
studies
and
knowledge
of
vertue
.
Three
seuerall
times
they
won
the
Empire
of
Asia
,
themselues
still
remayning
vnconquered
by
any
enimy
,
or
power
offorraine
Nation
:
First
against
Darius
king
of
Persia
,
giuing
him
a
great
ouerthrow
,
and
after
put
him
to
a
most
shamefull
flight
,
and
at
last
forced
him
cleane
out
from
all
their
territories
.
Then
at
another
battell
against
Cyrus
,
whome
they
ouercame
and
slewe
with
the
greatest
part
of
al
his
armies
.
Againe
in
the
same
manner
proceeded
they
against
Zopyron
,
(
a
great
and
principall
commaunder
to
great
Alexander
)
Their
many
victories
.
and
all
his
hoast
they
vtterly
ouerthrewe
.
Many
times
they
were
hardely
threatned
by
the
Romanes
,
but
they
contented
themselues
,
with
the
onely
braues
of
that
Nation
,
but
for
their
strokes
they
felt
them
not
.
Within
some
certaine
times
after
,
they
founded
the
Empires
of
the
Parthtans
The
Scithians
strong
&
stout
men
.
and
Bactrians
.
These
were
a
people
of
an
excellent
tough
temperature
giuen
to
endure
any
labor
,
stout
men
of
warre
,
and
as
for
strength
of
body
fasurpassed
other
Nations
,
hauing
minds
answerable
to
their
strength
of
bodie
,
naughty
and
scorning
to
win
where
they
could
not
hold
and
keepe
what
they
got
,
yet
all
they
aimed
at
in
the
chiefe
of
their
conquestes
,
was
Honour
,
and
high
estimation
.
The
first
that
offered
to
make
warre
vpon
the
Scythians
,
was
Vexoris
king
of
Egypt
,
who
sent
his
Ambassadors
long
before
,
to
agree
vpon
certaine
articles
Vexoris
maketh
the
first
warres
vpon
the
Scithians
of
obedience
.
The
Scithians
hauing
receiued
aduertisement
of
the
kings
comming
against
them
,
made
slight
account
therof
,
and
gaue
answere
to
the
Ambassadors
after
this
manner
:
We
cannot
but
maruell
that
the
King
and
ruler
of
so
mighty
and
rich
a
people
,
will
so
vnaduisedly
moue
war
against
vs
Beggers
,
which
he
should
rather
haue
expected
at
home
at
his
own
doores
,
considering
that
the
ende
of
warre
is
doubtfull
,
and
victory
can
yeeld
from
vs
small
reward
,
but
very
apparant
losse
:
wherefore
we
Scithians
wil
not
abide
his
comming
to
vs
,
but
withal
speed
make
towards
him
to
meet
him
on
the
way
,
or
rather
into
his
owne
lande
,
for
that
we
know
there
is
treasure
of
infinite
value
,
worthy
the
labor
we
shall
vndertake
:
And
accordingly
they
made
good
by
action
,
what
they
promised
by
word
.
The
king
vnderstanding
that
they
remained
resolute
,
and
that
they
made
vpon
him
in
such
speedy
manner
,
sledde
for
feare
,
leauing
behind
his
whole
army
,
with
all
their
furniture
of
warre
,
and
secretly
recouered
himselfe
into
his
owne
kingdome
:
But
the
Scithians
coulde
not
make
pursute
after
him
into
Egipt
,
by
reason
of
the
fenny
contrys
,
wherwith
The
Scithians
conquer
Asia
.
they
were
altogither
vnacquainted
.
As
they
made
their
returne
homewards
,
they
tooke
all
Asia
in
their
way
,
which
with
some
small
labour
they
conquered
,
and
made
them
tributary
,
rather
to
shew
foorth
their
conquestes
,
then
any
boaste
they
tooke
in
their
victory
:
Also
they
were
constrained
to
make
their
resiance
in
those
Confines
,
the
space
of
fifteene
yeares
,
before
they
could
further
make
any
setled
state
of
gouerment
in
those
Nations
.
At
last
they
were
called
home
,
at
the
great
and
importunate
requestes
of
their
women
,
from
whom
they
had
receiued
a
message
by
the
whole
consent
of
the
women
,
that
if
after
so
long
absence
,
they
did
not
speedily
returne
,
they
would
The
message
of
the
Scithian
wom●
.
seeke
to
haue
issue
from
their
neighbouring
Nations
,
and
not
thus
through
their
negligent
respect
,
suffer
the
name
and
Nation
of
the
Scithians
,
to
decay
.
Thus
became
Asia
tributary
to
the
Scithians
for
the
space
of
1500.
yeares
:
and
Nynus
king
of
the
Assirians
,
was
the
last
that
yeelded
this
tribute
money
vnto
them
.
About
this
time
there
were
among
the
Scythians
,
two
young
Gallants
of
the
blood
royall
,
named
Plinos
and
Scolopythus
,
these
two
being
at
great
variance
Plinus
and
Scolopithus
banished
.
with
the
Nobles
,
was
by
a
generall
consent
banished
:
who
when
they
saw
the
hard
measure
that
was
laide
vppon
them
,
drew
into
their
faction
,
a
great
number
of
the
younger
sort
of
the
Gentlemen
of
the
Countrey
and
others
,
and
ranging
abroad
for
a
place
of
abode
,
at
last
setled
themselues
vpon
the
bounds
of
Cappadocia
,
about
the
Riuer
of
Thermodoon
,
taking
possession
of
all
the
fieldes
and
landes
about
the
Citty
called
Themyscira
:
many
yeares
liued
they
there
vpon
the
spoile
of
such
inhabitants
as
were
thereabouts
:
whereupon
the
people
being
wearied
of
these
Out-lawes
,
priuily
at
vnwares
gathered
themselues
togither
,
and
giuing
the
assault
vppon
them
on
the
suddaine
,
put
them
to
the
sworde
,
without
sparing
any
.
Their
wiues
perceiuing
they
were
thus
fallen
into
a
double
mischiefe
,
as
first
that
they
were
banished
,
and
nowt
The
first
originall
of
the
Amazons
.
by
this
sudden
action
also
become
widdowes
,
betooke
themselues
to
armes
,
and
stood
upon
the
defence
of
these
borders
as
their
owne
,
and
after
by
making
war
vpon
their
neighbours
(
the
rather
because
they
had
a
full
resolution
not
to
marry
againe
,
especially
with
their
neighbours
)
saying
it
was
rather
a
bondage
then
otherwise
to
be
accounted
.
After
,
they
both
increased
and
gouerned
their
Commonwealth
without
men
,
and
also
defended
themselues
against
all
the
forces
of
men
:
and
fearing
that
they
which
had
husbands
leaste
should
be
accounted
in
better
state
then
the
rest
,
they
very
bloudily
murdred
those
men
they
had
amongst
them
:
and
in
reuenge
of
the
deaths
of
their
husbands
which
their
neighbors
had
most
cruelly
put
to
the
sword
,
they
fell
vpon
them
,
and
rewarded
them
by
death
also
.
Thus
hauing
by
war
purchased
peace
,
they
sent
for
men
and
accompanied
with
them
:
and
when
any
childe
was
borne
,
if
it
were
a
male
,
it
was
presently
killed
,
if
a
female
it
was
preserued
and
brought
vp
:
but
how
,
not
in
idlenesse
,
neither
to
learne
to
spin
and
carde
,
but
valiantly
in
feates
of
armes
,
as
ridinge
The
training
vp
of
the
Amazonians
great
horse
,
hunting
,
hauking
,
and
al
the
exercises
that
belongs
to
men
:
and
that
they
should
not
haue
any
hinderance
of
martiall
exercises
,
as
shooting
,
or
throwing
of
dartes
,
their
right
paps
was
seared
off
with
hot
Irons
when
they
were
infants
,
whereupon
they
were
euer
after
called
Amazons
.
They
had
amongst
them
two
Queenes
,
Marthesia
and
Lampedo
,
who
alwaies
deuided
their
Armies
into
two
parts
,
and
when
they
were
grown
mighty
in
wealth
,
they
tooke
it
by
turnes
,
one
to
gouerne
at
home
,
and
the
other
to
gouerne
and
lead
to
the
warres
vpon
other
Nations
abroade
:
And
that
they
Two
queens
ouer
the
Amazons
.
might
be
accounted
the
more
renowned
in
all
their
exploits
and
enterprises
,
they
made
it
knowne
by
proclamation
,
that
they
themselues
were
the
onely
and
immediate
daughters
of
Mars
.
They
conquered
the
greatest
part
of
al
Europe
,
and
subdued
also
many
Citties
in
Asia
,
where
they
builded
the
famous
Citty
of
Ephesus
,
and
many
other
Citties
besides
.
They
discharged
a
great
The
building
of
Ephesus
.
part
of
their
Armyes
,
and
sent
them
home
with
abundanne
of
rich
spoiles
.
The
other
part
which
remained
still
behind
to
defend
the
worthy
and
mighty
Empire
of
Asia
,
were
suddainely
assaulted
by
the
Barbarians
,
and
put
to
the
sword
,
amongst
whome
was
their
Queene
Marthesia
shamefully
murthered
.
After
her
death
the
Empire
came
by
succession
,
vno
a
daughter
of
hers
(
called
Orithia
:
who
was
very
actiue
in
all
millitary
discipline
,
and
was
accounted
a
mirror
amongst
women
,
in
that
she
liued
and
died
,
in
the
royaltic
Orithia
liued
and
died
a
Virgin.
of
a
maid
:
In
her
daies
,
she
so
highly
aduanced
the
honor
and
high
renowne
of
the
Amazons
,
that
the
king
for
whose
pleasure
Hercules
attempted
twelue
such
dangerous
labors
and
aduentures
.
(
being
thought
impossible
for
him
to
performe
,
)
this
king
also
commaunded
that
he
should
fetch
him
the
Armor
of
the
Amazonian
Queene
.
Hercules
made
great
preparation
to
the
voyage
,
Hercules
is
sent
to
fetch
the
Amazonian
Queens
Armout
.
and
chose
for
his
companions
,
many
of
the
yong
and
towardly
Lords
,
&
Nobles
of
Greece
,
and
within
short
time
ariued
with
9.
Gallies
on
the
Amazonian
Shores
,
and
suddenly
assaulted
them
at
vnawares
.
At
his
comming
thither
the
Queendome
was
gouerned
by
two
of
the
foure
Sisters
(
called
Antiope
and
Orithia
)
Orithia
was
abroad
in
forren
parts
vpon
occasion
of
warres
,
by
reason
whereof
,
there
was
but
a
slender
guard
about
the
person
of
the
partner
Queen
Antiope
,
neither
was
there
any
mistrust
of
any
enimies
approch
,
wherby
they
accounted
themselues
to
haue
lesse
neede
of
such
companies
,
as
in
former
times
they
were
forced
to
entertaine
.
Vpon
which
sudden
charge
giuen
,
they
sounded
as
suddaine
an
alarm
,
whereby
those
smal
companies
which
they
had
,
ran
presently
to
their
armes
,
and
in
the
end
gaue
the
enimy
a
very
easie
victory
:
for
many
were
slaine
,
and
many
taken
prisoners
,
among
whome
were
the
two
Sisters
of
Antiopes
:
Menalippe
taken
by
Hercules
,
and
Hippolite
,
by
Theseus
.
Afterward
Theseus
made
his
prisoner
,
his
wife
,
vpon
whom
he
begot
Hippolitus
:
But
Hercules
after
victory
,
restored
Menalippe
back
againe
to
her
sister
,
and
onely
tooke
for
her
ransome
the
Queenes
armor
,
and
hauing
accomplished
Hercules
giueth
Menalippe
his
prisoner
for
the
quee
.
armor
.
all
his
affaires
giuen
him
in
charge
,
returned
backe
againe
to
the
King.
Orithia
hauing
knowledge
of
all
that
had
hapned
,
and
that
the
Prince
of
Athens
had
caried
one
of
them
away
by
strong
hand
and
violence
,
rouzed
vp
her
Countrymen
to
reuenge
:
giuing
them
in
flat
tearmes
,
that
all
their
conquests
,
both
in
Asia
and
Pontus
was
but
vaine
,
if
they
shoulde
put
vp
such
a
foile
at
the
hands
of
the
Greekes
:
not
so
much
in
regard
of
the
wrong
receiued
by
war
,
as
the
foule
rauishments
they
had
offered
them
by
the
Athenians
.
Hereupon
she
sendeth
foorth
an
Ambassador
to
Sagillus
King
of
Scithia
,
wherby
she
made
known
that
she
and
her
people
were
of
the
race
and
ofspring
Orithia
ctaueth
ayde
si●●
the
Scythian
king
.
of
Scythia
,
as
also
of
the
slaughter
made
vpon
their
husbands
:
their
want
of
armor
,
and
the
cause
why
these
wars
were
vndertaken
.
And
the
rather
to
incite
him
vppe
vnto
their
ayde
,
shewed
the
exceeding
valour
of
their
women
,
and
what
warlike
enterprises
they
had
attempted
in
glory
of
the
Scythians
.
In
which
they
accounted
that
Nation
more
honorable
,
for
that
the
Women
(
in
martiall
discipline
)
were
nothing
inferior
to
the
men
.
The
king
duly
considring
the
circumstances
,
and
for
that
he
stood
vpon
the
honor
of
his
house
,
quickly
gaue
consent
to
aide
them
in
their
distresses
,
and
to
that
purpose
appointed
his
onely
sonne
Penaxagoras
,
accompanied
with
many
gallants
and
a
sufficient
army
of
souldiers
,
both
horse
and
foot
,
to
effect
this
seruice
against
the
enimy
:
(
But
marke
the
sinister
chance
of
fortune
)
The
time
and
place
being
appointed
for
the
tryall
of
the
day
,
and
ioyning
of
these
two
puissant
Armies
,
Dissention
the
●●nker
of
an
Army
.
a
suddaine
discention
fell
amongest
them
,
whereby
they
that
before
came
to
their
aide
and
succor
fell
away
from
them
,
and
so
left
them
to
themselues
,
and
in
the
end
the
Athenians
put
them
to
the
worst
:
but
though
the
Scithivus
had
forsaken
them
in
their
most
neede
,
yet
with
their
whole
campe
they
so
asisted
them
afterward
,
that
they
were
by
them
defended
and
garded
home
into
their
owne
countrey
without
any
violence
offered
of
other
Nations
.
After
the
death
of
Orithia
,
Penthesilia
obtained
the
diadem
,
who
left
behind
her
a
famous
remembrance
of
her
worthy
actes
in
that
great
and
mighty
assembly
of
valiant
men
,
and
warlike
Souldiers
the
Greekes
and
Troyans
,
in
the
long
wars
that
hapned
betwixt
these
two
mighty
Nations
.
At
last
Penthesilia
Penthesilea
slaine
.
being
slaine
,
and
the
greatest
part
of
her
Army
wasted
,
those
few
that
remained
aliue
,
(
with
much
ado
)
defended
themselues
against
their
enimies
,
euen
vnto
the
daies
of
Alexander
the
great
:
at
which
time
there
raigned
as
Queen
ouer
them
Minothea
,
(
otherwise
called
Thalestris
)
who
much
desired
the
company
of
Alexander
,
which
at
last
she
obteined
for
the
space
of
fourteene
daies
,
to
the
intent
to
haue
issue
by
him
,
and
hauing
herein
satisfied
her
lust
,
returned
home
into
her
owne
land
,
and
shortly
after
deceased
,
with
whom
the
name
of
the
Amazons
vtterly
decayed
,
and
in
her
ended
.
The
last
end
of
the
Amazonian
race
.
Here
we
returne
againe
to
the
Hystories
of
the
Scythians
.
THe
Scythians
had
now
made
their
third
voyage
into
Asia
,
where
they
remained
the
space
of
seauen
yeeres
,
seperating
themselues
by
this
long
stay
out
of
the
company
and
remembrance
of
their
wiues
and
children
:
For
their
wiues
being
a
long
time
wearied
by
their
absence
,
supposed
that
the
wars
could
not
so
continue
,
but
rather
gathered
that
they
were
al
slaine
,
and
being
herin
resolued
,
they
generally
agreed
to
marrie
euery
one
their
seruant
(
or
slaue
)
which
their
maisters
had
left
at
home
onely
to
attend
their
heardes
of
Cattel
.
These
things
thus
falling
out
by
contraries
,
news
was
brought
,
that
their
maisters
were
returning
home
with
conquest
,
and
brought
alonge
with
them
very
large
spoiles
:
The
seruants
to
welcome
them
,
banded
themselues
The
bondmen
of
the
Scithians
made
warre
vpon
their
Maisters
.
together
in
most
rebellious
maner
,
and
at
their
aproch
bad
them
a
most
sharp
and
dangerous
fight
,
with
full
intent
to
giue
them
not
the
reward
of
Maisters
,
but
accounting
them
as
their
enimies
and
strangers
.
The
Scythians
wisely
considring
,
that
by
continuing
wars
against
them
they
should
now
loose
what
before
they
had
won
,
aduised
themselues
to
another
kind
of
fight
,
and
calling
to
their
remembrance
that
they
had
not
to
doe
with
an
open
enimy
,
but
with
their
Slaues
,
(
who
were
not
to
be
tamed
with
force
of
armes
)
but
by
the
law
of
bondage
:
brought
with
them
into
the
fielde
an
abundant
number
of
whips
,
instead
of
other
weapons
,
and
eue●y
man
tooke
vnto
What
weapont
the
Scithians
brought
against
their
bond-slaues
.
him
in
place
of
a
sword
,
a
compleat
furniture
of
rods
and
smarting
whips
,
(
whereof
it
is
generall
for
bondslaues
to
stand
in
feare
:
)
This
counsel
was
generally
applauded
,
and
euery
man
prepared
himselfe
with
his
furniture
of
whips
to
the
fyeld
,
and
when
they
were
within
sight
of
the
enimy
,
vpon
a
sudden
euery
man
drew
forth
his
whip
,
and
began
to
yerke
the
same
coragiously
:
wherewith
they
stroke
such
an
amazement
among
their
Slaues
,
that
whome
before
they
could
not
ouercome
by
battaile
,
they
casily
ouercame
by
feare
of
whipping
,
and
presently
turned
their
backes
and
ranne
away
,
not
like
enimies
vanquished
by
battell
,
but
like
a
company
of
fearefull
Sheepe
,
or
runnagate
Slaues
:
And
as
many
of
them
as
was
taken
in
pursute
,
were
presently
condemned
to
the
Gallowes
.
The
women
also
,
that
were
guilty
in
this
action
,
most
desperatly
made
hauock
among
themselues
,
some
by
weapons
,
and
som
by
most
inhumane
violence
hanged
themselues
.
After
this
the
Scithians
liued
in
peace
vntill
the
dayes
of
Lan-thine
their
king
,
vpon
whom
Darius
king
of
Persia
made
war
(
as
is
before
mentioned
)
because
he
would
not
giue
consent
to
haue
his
daughter
in
marriage
)
and
with
seuen
hundred
thousand
men
in
armes
,
he
entred
into
Scytbia●
at
last
hauing
spent
sometime
in
great
disdain
,
to
giue
countenance
to
these
his
excursions
,
insomuch
as
they
neuer
made
any
shew
of
giuing
battell
to
them
,
hee
fearing
that
if
the
bridge
ouer
the
riuer
of
Danow
shuld
chance
to
be
broke
,
he
might
Darius
entreth
into
Sci
thia
with
a
great
Army
.
thereby
be
preuented
and
also
inclosed
,
so
that
he
could
not
returne
home
againe
,
retired
back
againe
ouer
the
water
,
in
great
feare
,
with
the
losse
of
fourscore
and
ten
thousand
men
:
and
yet
his
numbers
were
so
huge
and
mightie
,
that
this
losse
was
nothing
accounted
of
.
Afterwarde
hee
conquered
the
lesser
Darius
conquers
Asia
the
lesse
,
Asia
,
and
Macedony
,
and
the
Ionians
,
at
Sea
,
and
brought
them
also
vnder
his
subiection
:
and
hauing
certaine
intelligence
that
the
Athenians
had
aided
the
Ionians
against
him
,
he
fully
bent
all
his
power
vpon
that
Nation
.
And
forsomuch
as
we
are
come
to
the
wars
and
victories
of
the
Athenians
,
which
they
compassed
beyond
all
mans
expectation
,
as
also
beyond
all
credit
A
digression
to
the
acts
of
the
Athenians
.
they
atchieued
:
and
forsomuch
as
the
acts
and
deeds
of
the
Athenians
,
were
greater
in
effect
,
then
in
hope
could
any
way
be
wished
:
therfore
their
originall
is
to
be
set
downe
in
fewe
wordes
,
because
their
encrease
came
not
from
a
base
beginning
to
so
high
estate
,
as
other
Nations
in
former
times
haue
done
.
They
boast
highly
as
well
of
their
first
original
,
as
also
their
great
increase
among
themselves
:
for
it
was
not
by
strangers
,
nor
a
multitude
of
raskals
gathered
from
all
partes
of
the
worlde
,
that
first
founded
that
Cttiy
:
but
they
were
bred
and
brought
vp
,
in
that
same
soile
and
continent
,
whereas
they
stil
inhabited
:
and
that
the
place
of
their
dwelling
,
was
also
the
place
of
their
originall
beginning
.
They
are
held
also
for
to
be
the
first
that
had
the
vse
of
weauing
and
making
cloth
,
as
also
of
Oyle
and
wine
:
and
whereas
in
former
times
men
liued
What
thigns
the
athenians
first
muented
onely
vpon
Acornes
,
they
by
painefull
industry
found
out
the
vse
of
the
plough
,
and
so
in
shorte
time
had
corne
in
great
abundance
.
And
without
doubt
,
all
order
of
ciuill
gouernement
,
learning
and
clloquence
,
may
well
yeeld
the
Garland
to
this
Nation
of
the
Athenians
.
Before
the
daies
of
Deucalion
,
they
had
a
king
was
called
Cecrops
,
(
who
if
you
will
giue
any
credite
to
the
report
of
auncient
fables
)
had
two
faces
,
and
Deucalion
said
to
haue
two
faces
.
therefore
is
said
to
be
the
first
among
the
Heathen
that
ioyned
men
and
women
togither
,
as
it
were
a
resemblance
of
marriage
.
After
him
succeeded
Crandus
,
who
had
a
daughter
named
Atthis
,
and
she
it
was
that
gaue
name
vnto
the
Countrey
.
Next
followed
Amphitrion
,
and
he
fyrst
consecrated
this
Cittie
to
Minerua
,
and
so
it
came
to
be
called
Athens
.
In
these
dayes
there
came
vpon
the
land
so
great
a
slood
,
that
the
greater
part
of
Greece
was
ouerflowne
thereby
,
which
made
so
great
hauocke
of
the
inhabitants
that
there
was
none
escaped
,
saue
onely
such
as
could
recouer
to
the
tops
of
mountaines
,
or
get
into
vessels
or
ships
,
and
so
sailed
to
Deucalion
king
of
Thessaly
,
for
which
succor
that
this
Nation
found
at
his
hand
,
they
euer
after
reported
him
to
be
the
onely
preseruer
and
repairer
of
mankind
.
Then
by
order
of
succession
,
the
kingdome
discended
to
Erictheus
,
in
whose
time
the
sowing
of
corne
was
found
out
at
Eleusis
,
by
one
Sir-named
Triptolemus
:
Sowing
of
Corne
first
found
out
.
In
liew
of
which
benifite
receiued
,
the
night
sacrifices
were
after
instituted
in
the
honor
of
Ceres
.
Aegeus
also
the
father
of
Theseus
reigned
as
sole
Soueraigne
in
Athens
,
Aegeus
.
from
whom
Medea
being
deuorsed
(
by
reason
her
sonne
in-law
Theseus
was
growne
vp
to
mans
estate
)
tooke
her
iourney
to
Colchos
with
her
owne
sonne
Medus
,
whom
she
bare
by
Aegeus
.
Then
fell
the
kingdome
vpon
Theseus
,
and
after
him
to
his
sonne
Demophoon
,
who
bent
all
his
powers
in
aid
of
the
Greeks
against
the
Troyans
.
There
were
many
quarrels
betweene
the
Athenians
and
the
Doriens
vpon
auncient
and
deadlye
grudginges
,
which
the
Doriens
kepte
stil
in
mind
,
intending
a
time
of
shape
reuenge
vpon
them
,
but
as
yet
founde
no
fit
opportunity
to
put
in
execution
their
longe
retained
mallice
.
In
the
end
concluded
that
they
would
send
to
the
Oracle
to
aske
counsel
what
might
be
done
herein
.
They
receiued
this
answere
that
they
should
get
the
better
of
their
enimies
,
alwaies
prouided
that
they
laid
no
violent
hand
vppon
the
king
of
Athens
.
Herevppon
when
they
came
into
the
field
,
a
generall
charge
was
giuen
,
that
in
no
case
the
king
shuld
suffer
any
danger
by
the
hand
of
any
man
.
His
name
was
Codrus
the
king
of
Athens
,
who
had
vnderstanding
both
of
the
answere
of
Apollo
,
as
also
of
the
charge
giuen
through
the
campe
of
his
enemies
,
Codrus
wherefore
he
stripped
himselfe
our
of
his
princely
robes
,
and
so
putting
himselfe
into
a
sute
of
rags
,
with
a
bundle
of
vine
shreds
on
his
neck
,
in
which
disguise
,
he
attempted
into
the
compe
of
his
enimies
,
and
being
now
amongst
them
there
flocked
a
great
throng
of
souldiers
about
him
,
wondering
at
this
so
mishapen
an
Anticke
,
where
he
was
slaine
by
a
common
souldier
,
whome
he
had
most
grieuously
wounded
with
a
hook
of
set
purpose
.
The
Doriens
hauing
vnderstanding
that
hee
that
was
slaine
amongest
them
was
Codrus
the
King
,
were
so
dismaide
thereat
,
that
they
presently
forsooke
the
field
,
without
anye
more
resistance
or
strokes
:
And
by
this
meanes
the
Athenians
(
by
theresolution
of
their
king
and
captain
,
who
rather
chose
to
put
himself
into
the
hands
of
death
,
rather
then
to
make
shipwracke
of
the
safety
of
his
Countrey
)
were
preuented
and
deliuered
from
this
grieuous
war
.
With
his
death
ended
the
Codrus
the
last
King
of
Athens
.
gouernment
,
for
after
him
was
there
neuer
any
more
kings
in
Athens
.
Then
became
the
gouernment
of
the
commonwelth
into
the
hands
of
magistrates
,
who
were
yearely
chosen
and
appointed
therevnto
.
But
the
Cittye
Athens
gouerned
by
●●●●ly
Magistrates
.
was
at
that
time
vnfurnished
of
any
lawes
,
by
reason
that
the
kings
word
or
wil
was
accounted
ever
for
law
amongst
them
:
Then
was
there
chosen
to
execute
this
yearely
place
one
Solon
,
a
man
of
marueilous
vprightnes
,
who
tooke
vpon
him
to
make
lawes
,
and
so
to
make
the
Citty
as
it
were
a
new
Citty
,
by
his
Solon
.
new
lawes
.
This
man
so
bare
himselfe
betweene
the
people
and
the
Senate
,
that
although
it
were
hard
for
one
man
to
take
such
a
course
whereby
both
parties
might
rest
contented
,
yet
he
so
cunningly
and
so
grauely
behaued
him selfe
,
that
he
at
once
gained
equall
goodwill
from
both
.
Amongst
many
worthy
actes
of
this
man
,
this
one
is
to
be
recorded
in
euerlasting
memory
:
When
the
Athenians
and
the
Megarenses
had
long
fought
,
&
endured
many
battels
and
much
bloud-shed
,
about
the
winning
and
keeping
the
Isles
of
Salamine
,
vnto
the
which
both
made
their
claime
and
challenged
as
right
,
and
had
almost
wasted
and
consumed
themselues
and
their
substance
in
maintnance
of
this
war
,
Insomuch
that
the
Athenians
made
it
highe
Treason
to
any
,
that
therafter
shuld
make
claim
to
any
of
those
llandes
.
Hereupon
Solon
noting
the
strict
edict
that
The
wise
pollicy
of
Solon
went
out
,
grew
exceeding
sorrowful
,
least
by
holding
his
speech
,
he
should
neglect
the
duty
he
ought
vnto
the
Common
weale
:
again
if
he
spoke
,
he
broght
himselfe
within
daunger
of
the
Law.
To
preuent
both
which
eminent
dangers
to
the
State
,
he
fained
himselfe
starke
madde
,
vnder
which
disguise
,
hee
might
Solon
fained
madnesse
.
not
only
say
,
but
doe
things
forbidden
:
To
this
purpose
,
he
put
himselfe
into
a
Fooles
coate
,
and
so
runneth
out
amongst
a
multitude
of
people
,
and
being
in
the
middle
of
the
rowt
(
and
the
rather
to
further
his
intended
purpose
)
in
certaine
broken
Rymes
and
Meeters
,
of
all
other
to
him
most
vnacquainted
,
he
began
to
incite
and
stirre
vp
the
people
to
that
thinge
which
was
most
vnlawfull
,
wherein
(
although
he
were
thus
disguised
)
his
words
so
wrought
in
the
eares
and
iudgements
of
the
people
,
that
sodainly
they
proclaimed
open
Warres
against
the
Megarenses
:
In
which
attempt
they
ouercame
their
Enemies
,
and
brought
backe
the
Island
vnder
their
subiection
.
The
Megarenses
being
thns
politikelie
preuented
,
shut
not
vp
their
mallice
but
practised
some
other
way
to
reuenge
themselues
vppon
the
Athenians
:
The
Megarenses
seeke
reuenge
among
the
Noble-women
.
wherevpon
they
sodainly
embarked
themselues
,
vpon
set
purpose
to
come
&
surprize
all
the
Noble-women
and
Matrones
of
Athens
,
as
they
were
at
the
celebration
of
their
night
Sacrifyces
vnto
the
honour
of
Ceres
,
in
the
temple
at
Eleusis
:
Of
this
had
knowledge
one
Pisistratus
(
a
worthy
Captain
amongst
the
Athenians
)
who
gaue
commaundement
the
women
shoulde
celebrate
these
ceremonies
,
in
all
points
as
they
had
doone
before
,
with
iollitye
and
much
reioycing
,
wherby
there
should
grow
no
suspition
,
that
they
had
heard
any
thing
of
their
enemies
intent
and
purpose
,
and
so
laying
certaine
bands
of
Souldiers
in
ambush
abroad
in
diuers
places
was
ready
at
all
assayes
to
receiue
the
enimy
:
At
last
the
Megarenses
had
recouered
the
coast
whereunto
they
sailed
,
landed
their
men
,
and
began
to
ranke
them
vp
in
battell
arraye
,
when
vpon
the
sudden
Pisistratus
brake
vpon
them
,
and
violently
ouercame
them
,
and
put
them
al
to
the
sword
,
and
forthwith
entred
into
their
Ships
,
(
in
which
he
put
a
great
number
of
the
women
,
thinking
thereby
to
deceiue
and
and
make
a
shew
as
if
they
were
prisoners
)
and
presently
againe
spread
their
sayles
,
taking
the
directcst
course
they
coulde
,
to
returne
backe
againe
to
the
Cittic
Aegera
.
The
townesmen
of
Megera
looking
abroad
,
discouered
their
owne
Nauie
of
shippes
to
be
floting
vpon
the
waters
,
and
in
those
ships
they
might
perceiue
The
townes
men
of
Megera
mistake
a
multitude
of
women
to
be
there
amongst
(
all
which
they
vainly
supposed
to
be
the
booty
they
had
so
long
sought
after
)
they
went
forth
to
meet
them
,
all
which
when
Pisistratus
perceiued
,
he
instantly
raised
a
power
of
men
and
came
against
them
,
making
much
hauocke
and
slaughter
uppon
them
,
and
had
they
not
so
sodainly
recouered
themselues
againe
into
their
Cittye
,
he
had
also
bin
Lord
and
conqueror
thereof
.
And
thus
all
the
deuises
and
pollices
of
the
Megarenses
,
turned
to
the
triumph
and
victory
of
the
couragious
Athenians
.
Pisistratus
after
all
his
great
victories
gotten
,
turned
them
vnto
his
owne
priuate
commodity
,
and
not
to
the
generall
good
of
the
whole
Nation
,
and
Pisistratus
by
pollicy
vsurpeth
at
last
by
vsurpation
and
treason
wound
himselfe
into
the
sole
gouernement
and
kingdome
.
To
this
end
,
by
subtlety
and
set
purpose
,
he
suffied
his
bodye
to
be
rent
and
mangled
with
whips
and
scourges
at
his
owne
house
,
and
in
this
lamentable
maner
,
he
commeth
forth
among
the
people
,
and
when
they
were
gathered
togither
in
a
route
,
shewed
his
wounds
,
making
moste
bitter
exclamations
against
the
Nobility
,
by
whose
censure
he
said
this
punishment
was
inflicted
.
In
reporting
of
which
complaints
vnto
the
people
,
the
water
trickled
downe
his
cheekes
,
wherewith
(
as
also
the
reprochfull
speeches
vttered
against
The
multitude
beleeue
his
hypocrisye
.
the
Nobles
)
he
set
the
giddy-headed
multitude
on
fyre
,
making
them
beleeue
that
for
the
loue
he
bare
vnto
their
common
good
,
he
was
thus
punished
and
hated
of
the
whole
Senate
.
When
he
had
ended
all
his
hypocriticall
Oration
,
they
presently
consented
togither
to
ayde
him
with
a
very
strong
guard
of
men
,
which
continually
attended
on
his
person
:
which
hauing
gotten
,
he
not
onely
employed
as
his
guarde
to
keepe
his
person
,
but
with
that
band
of
men
,
he
also
got
the
kingdome
.
He
raigned
the
terme
of
twenty
and
foure
yeares
.
Pisistratus
being
dead
left
behind
him
two
sonnes
,
the
one
called
Diocles
,
who
rauished
a
mayden
,
and
was
slaine
by
the
brother
of
the
same
Mayde
:
the
other
called
Hyppias
succeeded
in
the
kingdome
,
when
hee
was
seated
hee
gaue
straight
command
to
apprehend
the
body
of
him
that
sluc
his
brother
Dyocles
,
who
being
brought
before
him
,
he
deliuered
ouer
to
bee
tormented
in
the
cruellest
manner
could
be
inflicted
,
only
to
get
from
him
the
knowledg
of
all
those
who
were
any
way
consenting
to
the
murder
.
This
prisoner
being
resolute
,
nothing
feared
the
stroke
of
death
,
but
in
the
very
extremity
of
this
A
notable
strong
resolution
.
extorted
miserie
,
spake
of
diuers
men
who
were
the
greatest
and
dearest
familiar
friendes
that
were
about
this
Tyrant
,
who
laying
hold
vpon
his
accusation
,
condemned
them
euery
man
to
present
execution
.
His
friends
thus
being
dispatched
,
he
saide
:
Are
there
yet
any
more
that
are
confederated
in
the
bloud
of
my
brother
.
No
more
(
quoth
he
)
aliue
,
whom
I
would
see
dead
,
saue
thy selfe
onely
:
By
which
it
euidently
appeared
,
that
he
not
only
satisfied
his
hatefull
reuenge
vpon
the
Tyrant
,
but
also
in
some
measure
,
rewarded
the
losse
of
his
Sisters
chastity
.
The
Cittizens
also
began
to
thinke
vpon
the
auncient
liberties
that
they
had
possessed
,
and
seeing
that
terror
and
tyranny
gouernd
all
his
actions
,
they
gathered
them
togither
against
him
,
and
shortly
after
deposed
him
,
and
after
that
banished
him
for
euer
out
of
the
Countrey
.
When
he
was
thus
dealt
against
,
he
tooke
his
course
to
Persya
,
and
there
made
tender
of
his
seruice
vnto
Darius
,
who
was
euer
a
mortal
enimy
to
the
Athenians
,
and
maintaind
continuall
hostilitie
against
them
(
as
hath
heretofore
more
at
large
been
shewed
)
and
with
him
he
serued
as
a
Commander
,
euen
in
all
their
excurtions
against
his
owne
countrey
.
The
Athenians
hearing
of
the
approch
of
Darius
,
sent
forth
Ambassadors
We
come
againe
to
the
history
of
Darius
.
to
the
Lacedemonians
to
craue
ayde
against
their
enemies
(
who
at
that
instant
were
also
in
league
with
the
Persyans
.
)
But
when
they
perceiued
no
quick
returne
,
considering
their
hast
and
much
affayres
in
present
hand
(
about
religion
)
which
held
the
space
of
foure
dayes
,
they
resolued
with
themselues
not
to
make
any
longer
stay
for
their
supply
,
but
with
their
owne
forces
,
which
was
not
aboue
ten
thousand
●●ong
,
(
but
well
appointed
,
beeing
all
chosen
men
of
their
Cittyes
)
and
one
thousand
Plateans
who
also
ayded
them
,
they
ventured
forth
to
battell
,
against
six
hundred
thousand
of
their
Enemyes
,
on
the
plaines
of
Marathon
.
The
chiefe
Commander
and
captaine
of
these
forces
,
was
committed
vnto
Milciades
,
whose
only
councell
was
,
that
rather
then
they
shoulde
staye
for
The
Noble
courage
of
Milciades
.
ayde
from
any
other
Nation
,
they
woulde
couragiously
aduenture
,
and
with
more
aduantage
recouer
by
speedy
forwardnesse
;
then
sustaine
losse
by
theyr
sluggish
lingering
.
Wherevpon
they
ran
,
as
it
were
with
great
cheerefulnes
to
the
battell
,
and
with
resolute
manlinesse
so
behaued
themselues
,
that
when
as
yet
both
the
Armies
were
a
myle
asunder
,
they
ran
forward
in
such
earnest
manner
,
thinking
to
ioyne
with
the
enemy
,
before
their
enemyes
could
make
ready
to
discharge
their
multitude
of
Arrowes
vpon
them
,
that
they
sodainlie
in
a
manner
gaue
them
the
foyle
:
Neither
was
this
hast
without
as
good
successe
,
for
this
battell
was
so
couragiously
perfourmed
,
that
any
mans
iudgement
The
valor
of
the
Athenians
,
and
cowardice
of
the
Persians
.
would
haue
confessed
,
that
on
the
one
side
they
were
couragious
men
,
and
on
the
other
side
,
a
multitude
of
most
faint-hearted
and
fearefull
Beastes
.
Thus
the
Persyans
being
ouercome
fled
vnto
their
ships
,
whereof
many
were
sunke
and
many
taken
.
In
this
battell
euery
man
bestowed
his
best
endeuors
,
and
their
manhood
exceeded
high
,
and
worthy
euerlasting
renowne
.
Amongest
all
others
,
the
glory
of
one
young
man
called
Themystoeles
,
shewed
it selfe
in
great
admyration
,
in
whome
there
appeared
such
resolute
perfourmance
,
that
it
was
euery
way
likely
,
that
for
his
valour
he
was
the
next
to
be
elected
and
chosen
chiefe
Captaine
amongst
them
.
Also
there
was
one
other
(
called
Cynegarus
)
who
was
in
account
no
better
than
a
common
souldiour
of
Athens
,
whose
praise
is
highly
to
bee
remembred
amongst
al
Writers
.
This
man
,
after
innumerable
slaughters
receiued
in
the
Battayle
,
as
also
hauing
pursued
the
Enemy
in
flight
euen
to
their
ships
,
〈…〉
caught
holde
of
a
shippe
being
fully
laded
,
with
his
right
hand
,
and
therewith
held
her
so
fast
she
could
not
stirre
,
til
at
last
they
chopped
off
his
hande
.
His
right
hand
being
gone
in
this
manner
,
he
laide
hold
vpon
her
as
before
with
his
left
hand
,
the
which
he
also
lost
as
he
had
his
right
:
Then
seeing
both
his
hands
smitten
off
,
he
caught
hold
of
the
shippe
with
his
teeth
in
such
eager
manner
,
that
being
neither
discouraged
by
the
great
and
heauy
slaughter
and
effusion
of
bloud
,
nor
yet
dismayed
with
the
losse
of
both
his
handes
,
yet
like
a
sauage
and
wilde
beast
he
sought
reuengmenr
euen
with
his
teeth
.
The
Persians
lost
in
this
battel
two
hundred
thousand
men
,
besides
their
ships
.
Hypias
also
the
Tyrant
of
Athens
,
who
only
was
the
author
of
all
these
broyles
,
was
slaine
in
this
battell
,
vpon
whom
iust
iudgement
was
throwne
downe
,
for
his
vniust
trechery
against
his
owne
Nation
.
Darius
also
who
in
the
meane
time
sought
how
to
renew
the
warre
,
dyed
before
he
could
accomplish
the
end
of
his
purpose
:
who
left
behind
him
many
sonnes
,
of
which
some
were
begotten
before
he
was
king
,
and
other
some
in
the
time
of
his
raigne
.
Amongst
the
rest
the
eldest
called
Artobazanes
made
Artobazanes
〈◊〉
Xerxes
both
lay
〈◊〉
the
kingdome
.
claime
vnto
the
Crowne
,
by
prerogatiue
of
his
age
,
alledging
that
by
order
of
Law
,
by
order
of
birth
,
by
instinct
of
nature
,
and
by
custome
of
all
Countries
,
onely
he
it
was
that
ought
of
right
to
be
sacred
in
the
place
of
his
Father
.
Xerxes
replyed
and
said
,
that
their
controuersie
was
not
in
regard
of
the
order
of
their
birth
,
but
concerning
the
Nobility
and
worthinesse
thereof
:
Graunting
that
indeed
Artobazanes
,
was
the
first
borne
of
Darius
,
but
at
that
time
Darius
was
but
as
any
other
man
(
a
priuate
person
)
but
I
my self
was
the
first
borne
to
Darius
as
he
was
a
king
:
Wherefore
he
further
alleadged
,
that
those
Brothers
that
were
borne
during
that
time
their
father
was
a
subiect
,
might
very
lawfully
claime
all
such
priuate
inheritance
as
Darius
then
had
,
but
in
no
case
could
lay
any
claime
to
the
kingdome
,
which
properly
appertained
to
him
,
as
the
first
begotten
of
his
father
,
being
seated
and
fully
inthronized
in
the
kingdome
.
Againe
,
he
farther
vrged
,
that
Artobazanes
was
borne
no
better
than
a
pri●ate
person
,
not
onely
by
the
father
and
mothers
side
,
but
by
the
grandfather
on
the
mothers
part
:
wheras
he
himselfe
had
a
Queene
to
his
mother
,
and
as
Xerxes
born
of
Roya●l
blood
.
for
his
father
,
he
neuer
knew
him
other
then
a
king
,
and
more
his
grandfather
by
the
mother
was
also
a
king
(
namely
Cyrus
)
who
came
not
to
the
kingdome
by
order
of
succession
,
but
was
the
maine
piller
and
first
founder
of
that
famous
and
great
Empire
.
And
therfore
,
althogh
their
father
had
left
them
both
equall
right
vnto
the
Crowne
,
yet
in
regard
of
his
mother
as
also
his
graundfather
,
he
ought
rather
to
haue
the
preheminence
and
preferment
to
the
regall
throne
.
This
controuersie
being
long
debated
betwixt
them
,
was
at
laste
by
free
The
controuersy
betwixt
Xerxes
and
his
brother
for
the
kingdome
.
consent
of
both
parties
,
quietly
and
louingly
put
vnto
the
iudgement
and
discretion
of
their
vncle
Artaphernes
,
as
to
an
indifferent
iudge
betweene
them
,
who
hauing
long
and
deliberately
aduised
of
all
the
circumstances
heereunto
belonging
,
at
last
preferred
Xerxes
to
the
kingdome
.
This
contention
betweene
these
two
was
so
mildly
carried
,
that
neither
he
had
the
kingdom
boasted
,
nor
he
that
helde
the
worser
part
sorrowed
for
his
losse
:
but
in
the
greatest
currant
of
all
their
contention
,
saluted
each
other
with
many
rich
presents
,
Brothers
amity
.
and
daily
associated
,
banketted
,
and
sported
togither
,
without
eyther
mistrust
of
treason
,
or
fraudulent
deuises
,
and
in
conclusion
the
matter
brought
to
a
wished
end
,
without
al
manner
reproch
:
So
well
could
brothers
in
those
daies
deuide
euen
mightie
kingdomes
,
rather
then
brothers
in
these
times
can
endure
either
to
part
,
or
part
with
the
least
Lordshippe
,
nay
the
least
percell
of
land
that
falles
amongst
brothers
.
Xerxes
being
thus
mutually
seated
in
the
kingdome
for
the
space
of
five
yeares
,
gaue
all
his
whole
employment
and
study
,
to
set
forward
and
continue
Xerxes
continueth
his
fathers
wars
.
the
Warres
which
his
father
had
begun
against
the
Greeks
:
Which
when
Demeratus
king
of
the
Lacedemonians
(
who
at
that
time
was
a
banished
man
,
and
l●ued
in
king
Xerxes
Court
)
vnderstood
,
being
more
friend
to
his
Countrey
then
to
the
king
(
notwithstanding
all
the
kinde
intertaine
hee
had
receiued
)
and
yet
further
,
to
the
intent
they
should
not
be
oppressed
nor
surprised
with
suddaine
Warre
,
got
to
be
brought
him
certaine
Tables
of
wood
,
in
which
Tables
he
wrote
vnto
the
Magistrates
and
gouernors
of
Sparta
,
all
the
whole
proceedings
against
them
:
Hauing
thus
done
,
he
couered
all
that
hee
hadde
written
in
the
Tables
ouer
with
waxe
,
least
if
the
writting
were
bare
and
vncouered
it
might
bewray
it selfe
,
or
the
new
wax
should
make
known
or
disclose
his
deuise
.
This
being
done
he
called
vnto
him
one
of
his
trusty
Seruantes
,
to
whom
he
deliuered
them
,
giuing
him
in
straight
charge
to
take
his
direct
way
vnto
A
cunning
pollicy
of
Demetratus
.
Sparta
,
and
deliuer
those
Tables
to
their
chiefest
magestrates
:
This
messenger
did
all
as
his
maister
gaue
him
in
charge
,
but
when
he
had
deliuered
the
tables
to
the
handes
of
the
Lacedemonians
,
they
marueiled
much
what
might
be
the
meaning
hereof
:
and
the
more
for
that
they
could
not
discerne
any
writing
thereon
,
and
yet
they
knew
well
enough
that
they
were
not
sent
in
vaine
,
and
the
more
obscure
it
seemed
to
the
eye
,
of
the
greater
import
was
the
busines
therein
contained
:
whiles
the
men
and
magistrates
were
thus
drownd
in
seuerall
opinions
,
and
the
effect
of
the
matter
no
whit
opened
,
the
sister
of
king
Leonides
found
out
the
meaning
of
the
writer
,
and
fo
causing
the
waxe
to
be
scraped
away
by
little
and
little
,
at
last
it
euidently
began
to
shewe
out
and
fullie
appeared
vnderneath
,
their
whole
proceedings
,
and
what
course
was
intended
against
them
.
By
this
time
had
Xerxes
readye
in
the
fyelde
about
seuen
thousande
of
his
owne
kingdome
and
people
,
and
three
hundred
thousand
of
all
other
nations
:
The
mighty
host
of
〈◊〉
Insomuch
as
it
hath
not
(
and
that
for
good
cause
)
bene
reported
,
that
his
Army
was
of
such
multitudes
,
that
as
they
trauelled
they
dranke
all
the
Riuers
dry
,
and
further
that
the
whole
countrey
of
Greece
,
was
scarse
able
to
receiue
his
hoast
:
It
is
also
reported
that
he
had
a
Nauy
of
ten
hundred
thousand
ships
.
This
mighty
hoast
being
thus
gathered
togither
,
wanted
nothing
so
much
as
a
couragious
and
excellent
chiestaine
to
be
their
gard
:
For
if
ye
respect
the
king
,
he
had
a
great
deale
more
wealth
then
valour
:
for
his
realme
Xerxes
more
welthy
then
couragious
.
was
of
that
inestimable
treasure
,
that
though
all
the
Riuers
coulde
not
finde
them
water
to
quench
their
thirst
,
yet
had
he
more
coine
then
coulde
in
any
short
time
be
spent
And
it
is
thus
reported
of
him
,
that
he
was
the
last
in
fight
,
and
the
first
that
would
run
away
.
In
danger
he
was
fearefull
,
out
of
danger
proud
and
insolent
:
Finally
,
before
he
came
to
the
chiefe
tryall
of
battell
,
he
vaunted
and
gloried
so
much
in
his
owne
strength
,
that
(
as
if
he
had
bene
Lord
ouer-nature
)
he
brought
mountaines
to
plaine
ground
,
and
fylled
vp
vallies
,
making
bridges
ouer
certain
Seas
,
and
cut
through
much
main
land
,
to
make
a
neerer
way
for
his
ships
to
passe
:
His
comming
into
Greece
,
as
it
was
terrible
,
so
his
departure
was
as
shamefull
and
dishonourable
:
for
when
Leonides
king
of
Spartans
,
with
foure
thousand
men
had
gotten
the
streights
of
Thermopyle
,
Xerxes
in
disdaine
of
his
small
number
,
commaunded
that
not
a
man
more
should
giue
the
assault
vpon
them
,
saue
onely
those
,
whose
kinred
was
slain
at
the
battell
of
Marathon
:
who
to
reuenge
the
deathes
of
their
kinred
,
was
the
fyrst
that
were
brought
to
the
Iawes
of
death
,
and
began
the
slaughter
:
and
still
as
they
were
slaine
,
new
men
came
vp
in
their
roomes
,
till
the
slaughter
was
mightily
increased
:
Three
daies
lasted
this
dangerous
battailes
,
and
the
Persians
maintained
the
fyght
to
their
great
losse
:
The
fourth
day
,
word
was
brought
to
Leonides
,
that
twenty
thousand
of
his
enimies
had
taken
the
top
of
the
hil
,
whereupon
he
began
to
exhort
his
partakers
that
they
would
depart
for
that
time
,
and
rather
to
reserue
their
aide
till
further
opportunitye
might
giue
occasion
for
the
further
defence
of
their
Countrey
:
As
for
himselfe
and
his
companies
of
Spartanes
,
they
would
hazzard
the
frowne
of
fortune
:
alledging
this
for
reason
,
that
he
accounted
not
so
much
his
own
The
loue
of
Leonides
to
his
countrey
.
life
,
as
he
did
the
generall
good
of
his
Countrey
,
as
also
that
there
ought
a
remainder
to
be
kept
for
the
defence
of
Greece
.
When
thus
the
pleasure
of
the
king
was
published
and
fully
made
knowne
,
they
all
departed
,
sauing
the
Lacedemonians
,
and
they
would
by
no
meanes
leaue
him
,
but
remained
still
with
the
King.
In
the
beginning
of
this
war
,
counsell
was
asked
of
Apollo
at
Delphos
,
where
answere
was
returned
,
that
either
the
king
of
the
Spartans
must
die
the
death
,
or
the
Citty
be
vtterly
destroyed
.
And
therfore
when
Leonides
should
go
onward
The
answer
from
the
Oracle
.
to
these
warres
,
he
gaue
such
worthy
encouragement
to
his
Souldiers
and
followers
,
that
euery
man
yeelded
himselfe
willingly
to
die
with
their
master
.
To
this
end
he
tooke
the
streightes
,
that
with
that
small
number
he
had
,
he
might
winne
more
honour
,
or
else
lesse
daunger
to
the
common-wealth
:
wherefore
hauing
dismissed
all
that
were
about
him
,
saue
onely
the
Spartanes
,
he
began
to
call
vpon
them
that
they
should
not
forget
themselues
,
that
howsoeuer
they
fought
,
yet
the
end
was
,
that
they
must
be
slaine
,
and
therefore
councelled
them
to
giue
no
cause
for
after
times
to
report
,
that
their
hearts
serued
them
better
to
abide
the
fight
,
then
fight
with
courage
,
vrging
still
vpon
them
that
they
must
be
very
watchfull
and
carefull
in
all
their
affayres
,
and
not
stand
still
and
so
giue
way
to
Idlenesse
,
and
so
the
enemie
getting
aduantage
compasse
them
about
to
their
vtter
ruyne
:
but
●rather
labour
by
the
contrary
,
to
preuent
their
enemyes
by
all
aduantages
.
Assoone
as
night
approched
,
and
opportunity
offered
,
they
set
vpon
the
enemy
while
they
in
carelesse
manner
were
frolicke
in
their
Tentes
(
for
Conquerors
cannot
die
more
honourably
,
then
in
the
Campe
of
their
Enemies
.
)
Vpon
these
his
words
vnto
them
,
they
put
themselues
in
Armes
,
and
being
but
sixe
hundred
strong
,
brake
violently
The
valour
of
Leonides
and
the
Spartans
.
into
the
Campe
of
fyue
hundred
thousand
:
at
last
they
came
to
the
Kinges
owne
Pauillion
,
of
set
purpose
eyther
to
die
with
him
,
or
if
by
multitudes
they
were
ouercome
,
yet
would
they
make
their
toombes
within
the
kinges
owne
tent
.
Vpon
this
sodaine
action
,
all
the
Campe
was
in
an
vprore
,
and
the
Lacedemonians
,
seeing
the
king
not
to
be
found
,
ranged
still
throughout
the
camp
as
Conquerors
,
ripping
vp
with
their
swordes
,
and
spoiling
all
that
came
in
their
way
,
as
men
that
came
not
in
hope
of
victory
,
but
only
to
reuenge
their
owne
deathes
.
This
battell
continued
in
this
furious
manner
,
from
the
closing
vp
of
the
Sunne
,
all
that
night
,
and
most
part
of
the
next
day
,
yet
was
neyther
party
vtterly
ouercome
,
but
both
weary
of
ouercomming
,
fell
downe
dead
amongst
the
heapes
of
dead
enemies
.
Xerxes
had
now
receiued
a
second
losse
in
battell
vpon
the
Land
,
wherfore
he
intended
to
leaue
the
land-fortune
,
and
venter
next
at
Sea.
But
Themystocles
(
a
great
captain
among
the
Athenians
)
hearing
that
the
Ionians
(
in
whose
quarrell
the
king
of
Persya
made
all
this
warre
)
were
come
vp
to
the
ayde
of
the
Persians
with
a
great
Nauy
of
ships
,
began
to
beat
out
what
they
intended
,
to
see
if
it
were
possible
by
any
meanes
to
draw
away
and
allure
them
to
take
his
part
:
and
in
that
he
could
not
well
compasse
a
personall
presence
with
them
,
he
commanded
these
words
following
to
be
engrauen
vpon
certaine
stones
,
which
stones
were
set
vp
at
euery
Port
where
they
should
come
on
shore
.
A
notable
pollicy
of
Themistocles
.
What
mad
men
are
ye
(
O
ye
Ionians
?
)
or
what
mischiefe
do
you
intend
?
purpose
ye
to
raise
war
vpon
those
who
were
your
first
and
originall
founders
,
and
now
of
late
your
new
reuengers
?
haue
we
builded
and
reedified
your
wals
,
His
Oration
.
to
the
intent
you
should
take
vpon
you
to
destroy
ours
?
what
if
we
had
not
these
occasions
of
warre
:
First
with
Darius
,
and
now
with
Xerxes
?
seeing
we
forsooke
ye
not
,
when
he
rebelled
against
vs
,
why
do
ye
not
forsake
that
siege
,
and
fly
vnto
vs
,
and
pertake
of
our
companies
?
If
you
perswade
your selues
,
you
cannot
do
this
without
great
danger
,
yet
at
least
when
the
battels
shall
be
ioyned
,
you
may
easily
slip
aside
,
and
then
by
withdrawing
your
ships
,
quite
forsake
the
battell
.
Before
this
incounter
,
Xerxes
sent
foorth
foure
thousand
men
to
Delphos
,
Xerxes
ouerthroweth
the
Temple
of
Apollo
.
thinking
to
make
hauocke
of
the
Temple
of
Apollo
,
accounting
it
not
a
suffycient
reuenge
vpon
the
men
,
but
warred
also
euen
with
the
Gods
,
but
the
theyr
reward
was
,
that
they
were
destroyed
by
Thunder
and
lightning
,
letting
them
vnderstand
,
that
the
more
the
Goddes
are
angred
with
men
,
the
lesse
power
hath
man
against
God
.
Afterwards
,
he
set
fyre
on
the
Citties
of
Thespy
,
Plate
and
Athens
:
but
the
people
were
fled
before
foorth
of
those
Citties
,
and
seeing
he
could
not
destroy
the
people
by
the
sword
,
he
reuenged
himselfe
vpon
their
houses
by
fire
.
The
Athenians
after
the
battell
at
Marathon
(
by
the
counsell
of
Themistocles
,
who
told
them
that
the
victory
which
they
had
gotten
ouer
the
Persyans
,
was
but
the
beginning
of
a
farre
greater
warre
)
made
a
fleet
of
Ships
of
two
hundred
saile
:
So
that
when
Xerxes
made
out
towards
them
,
they
sent
to
aske
counsell
of
the
Oracle
at
Delphos
,
what
was
to
be
done
,
which
gaue
vnto
them
this
answere
,
that
they
must
prouide
and
make
vp
woodden
walles
,
for
theyr
The
councel
of
the
oracle
.
more
sure
defence
and
safegard
:
Themistocles
thinking
it
was
meant
of
Ships
,
perswaded
the
people
,
that
the
Country
signityed
not
the
walles
but
the
men
:
neither
that
a
Citty
was
not
so
called
of
the
houses
,
but
of
the
Cittizens
and
inhabitants
:
and
therefore
it
was
more
safety
to
betake
themselues
to
theyr
themystocles
vn●oldeth
the
Oracle
.
ships
,
rather
then
to
put
too
much
confidence
to
their
walled
townes
:
This
counsell
of
his
was
generally
applauded
,
wherupon
leauing
their
Citties
they
conueyed
their
wiues
and
children
,
with
all
their
rich
Ornaments
and
Iewels
,
into
vnknowne
Ilands
,
and
there
caused
them
to
make
their
safest
abode
:
all
which
when
they
had
put
end
vnto
,
they
put
themselues
in
armes
,
and
presently
tooke
shipping
,
after
whose
example
,
other
Citties
did
in
like
manner
.
Therefore
all
the
whole
flect
of
their
partners
and
partakers
being
thus
assembled
togither
in
the
compas
of
the
narow
Seas
,
which
adioyneth
to
the
I
le
of
Saltmine
,
thereby
in
time
to
preuent
a
further
mischiefe
,
least
they
should
be
inclosed
by
the
great
and
puissant
power
of
Xerxes
,
euen
then
(
I
say
)
when
they
were
in
the
depth
of
consultation
,
how
this
fyght
at
sea
might
be
best
maintained
,
there
arose
among
them
a
sudden
and
vnlooked
for
disturbance
A
mutiny
amongst
the
Princes
.
and
variance
,
amongst
the
Princes
of
the
Citties
:
euery
one
bethinking
how
he
might
priu●ly
breake
vp
,
and
steale
home
to
resist
the
Enemy
,
and
defende
his
owne
.
Vpon
this
breach
of
their
owne
peace
amongst
themselues
,
Themistocles
was
stricken
into
a
thousand
feares
(
least
by
the
departure
of
his
friendes
and
Themystocles
kepeth
al
his
forces
.
companions
,
his
strength
should
be
hereby
brought
to
extreame
weakenes
)
sent
a
lusty
seruant
vnto
Xerxes
,
that
if
euer
,
now
was
the
fyttest
time
,
and
with
greatest
ease
,
and
small
losse
,
to
take
all
Greece
togither
at
one
instant
,
and
in
one
place
:
whereas
otherwise
if
euery
man
were
suffered
to
depart
his
owne
way
,
and
also
to
his
own
Citty
(
as
they
had
amongst
them
determined
to
do
)
it
would
aske
great
trauaile
and
troble
,
to
make
pursote
after
so
great
a
multitude
,
being
departed
one
after
another
,
By
this
pollicy
,
the
king
gaue
a
sudden
signall
to
the
battel
,
and
the
Greeks
perceiuing
that
they
were
preuented
,
by
this
so
suddaine
approching
of
their
enimies
,
revnited
themselues
togither
,
and
ioyned
battel
with
their
enemy
.
During
all
this
fyerce
fyght
on
both
parts
,
Xerxes
stood
aloofe
,
as
he
had
bin
a
looker
on
,
and
(
being
guarded
with
a
good
number
of
sufficient
Ships
,
well
The
val●●nt
resolution
of
Queene
Artemisia
.
mand
for
the
fyght
)
lay
still
within
the
rode
,
without
striking
any
stroke
:
But
Artemysia
the
Queene
of
Halicarnassus
,
(
who
of
purpose
came
to
the
ayde
of
Xerxes
)
fought
furiously
amongst
the
thickest
,
and
euer
cast
her selfe
amongst
the
formost
Captaines
in
this
battell
:
So
that
Xerxes
shewed
in
himselfe
an
effeminate
fearefulnesse
,
&
in
this
Queene
appeared
a
resolute
and
manly
courage
.
In
the
heat
of
this
Battell
,
the
Ionians
,
according
as
Themystocles
had
giuen
in
charge
,
began
by
little
and
little
,
to
withdraw
themselues
out
of
the
prease
,
which
raysed
a
great
discouragement
to
the
whole
Army
:
Insomuch
as
the
Persyans
began
to
look
out
which
way
was
best
for
them
,
to
retire
themselues
,
The
Persians
discomsited
by
Sea.
and
so
if
it
were
possible
to
make
a
suddaine
escape
,
wherein
they
threw
themselues
into
so
confussed
a
disorder
,
that
they
drew
vpon
themselues
an
vtter
ouerthrow
,
and
finally
were
put
to
a
most
shamefull
flight
:
In
which
discomfiture
many
ships
were
taken
,
and
many
sunke
,
but
many
there
were
among
them
,
that
more
feared
the
kings
cruelty
,
then
the
fury
of
the
Enemy
,
and
therefore
secretly
stole
away
,
and
betooke
them
to
their
seuerall
homes
.
This
slaughter
and
hauocke
made
in
the
Army
,
stroke
Xerxes
into
a
wonderful
feare
,
so
that
he
stood
as
one
amazed
and
knew
not
what
to
determine
:
The
counsel
of
Mardonius
.
till
at
the
last
there
came
vnto
him
one
Mardonius
,
and
counselled
him
to
depart
home
into
his
kingdome
,
with
all
the
hast
he
could
,
for
feare
the
rumor
of
an
ouerthrow
(
which
commonly
addeth
to
things
that
which
they
are
not
)
mightraise
an
insurrection
amongst
his
subiectes
,
before
he
could
recouer
himselfe
to
be
amongst
them
,
and
that
he
should
leaue
with
him
three
hundred
thousand
of
the
tallest
and
most
sufficientest
picked
Souldiers
of
the
army
,
with
which
companies
he
might
either
(
to
his
honor
)
subdue
all
Greece
,
or
(
if
it
otherwise
fell
out
)
without
dishonor
to
his
Maiesty
,
giue
place
to
his
Enemies
.
This
counsell
of
Mardonius
,
was
generally
well
allowed
of
,
whereupon
the
fore-remembred
number
of
men
were
giuen
vnto
him
in
charge
,
and
the
king
with
the
remainder
of
his
hoast
,
and
all
the
hast
they
possible
could
,
made
returne
home
into
his
owne
land
.
The
Greekes
hauing
knowledge
of
the
kings
flight
,
presently
drew
to
counsell
,
how
it
might
suddenly
be
brought
to
passe
,
that
the
bridge
which
he
(
as
being
Lord
of
the
Sea
)
had
made
at
Abydus
,
might
be
rased
downe
and
broken
,
to
the
intent
that
thereby
his
passage
might
be
hindred
and
clean
cut
off
,
or
els
he
with
his
whole
army
might
be
vtterly
destroied
and
brought
to
such
an
exigent
,
as
if
not
clearely
ouercome
,
he
might
be
compelled
at
the
least
to
desire
peace
at
their
hands
.
Themystocles
fearing
least
if
his
enimies
should
be
stopped
of
their
passages
,
that
it
might
thereby
increase
their
courage
,
and
so
turne
their
dispaire
into
hardinesse
,
insomuch
as
they
saw
no
way
but
death
on
euery
side
,
and
so
make
way
by
fury
of
their
swords
,
told
them
that
there
were
already
too
many
enimies
Themistocles
sendeth
his
seruant
a
second
time
to
Xerxes
.
in
Greece
,
and
therefore
his
iudgement
no
way
allowed
,
that
they
should
by
such
indirect
meanes
keepe
or
hinder
them
against
their
willes
.
At
last
,
perceiuing
that
his
counsell
was
generally
reiected
,
he
sent
the
same
seruant
againe
to
Xerxes
,
acquainting
him
with
all
their
whole
intent
,
and
therefore
wished
him
to
make
all
the
speed
he
could
possible
,
if
he
meant
to
escape
their
furious
malice
bent
against
him
.
The
king
at
this
sodaine
newes
,
was
now
againe
stricken
into
an
exceeding
feare
,
wherefore
he
deliuered
ouer
all
his
huge
Army
,
vnto
seuerall
captaines
,
Xerxes
slieth
for
feare
.
to
be
by
them
deliuered
home
,
whilst
he
himselfe
with
those
few
straglers
that
were
left
,
made
toward
Ahydos
:
where
finding
the
bridge
broken
with
the
fury
and
tempests
of
the
Winter
,
he
ferried
ouer
very
fearefully
in
a
Fishers
boat
.
This
was
a
thing
worthy
note
:
to
behold
as
in
a
glasse
the
frailty
of
this
worlds
honor
:
how
that
he
was
now
glad
to
be
harboured
vp
in
a
little
boat
,
which
but
A
worthy
note
of
mans
frailty
.
euen
a
litle
before
,
all
the
Sea
could
scarce
be
able
to
receiue
,
and
also
to
see
so
great
a
king
cleane
bereft
of
all
attendance
,
and
seruice
,
whose
armies
(
by
reason
of
their
huge
multitudes
)
was
euen
a
burthen
to
the
earth
:
neither
had
those
Armies
that
he
had
assigned
ouer
to
seuerall
Captaines
,
any
better
successe
by
land
:
For
notwithstanding
their
daily
trauel
(
as
scarcely
there
can
be
little
rest
,
where
there
is
continuall
feare
)
they
were
surprised
with
so
suddain
and
vnsufferable
measure
of
hunger
,
that
the
very
want
of
victuals
,
broughte
vpon
them
the
pestilence
,
where
of
they
died
in
such
great
abundance
,
that
the
Pesilence
andfamine
a
one
time
in
the
Persian
hoa●
.
waies
were
couered
with
the
dead
carkasses
:
so
that
the
beasts
and
foules
being
drawne
into
these
places
by
desire
of
praye
;
were
the
continuall
companions
that
followed
the
hoast
.
In
this
meane
time
Mardonius
tooke
the
Citty
of
Olynthus
in
Greece
,
by
assault
:
also
he
intreated
with
the
Athenians
about
a
peace
to
be
concluded
betweene
them
and
the
king
,
promising
that
he
would
make
good
all
their
Citties
Mardonius
winneth
Olynthus
.
or
other
places
,
vnto
which
they
had
offred
any
manner
violence
,
either
by
fire
or
otherwise
,
and
also
to
make
them
farre
larger
and
fairer
then
before
:
But
when
he
saw
they
would
not
sel
their
liberty
for
any
worldes
good
,
he
set
on
fire
that
which
they
had
begun
to
builde
againe
,
and
from
thence
passed
with
his
army
into
Beotya
,
whether
followed
him
also
all
the
host
of
the
Greeks
(
which
was
an
hundred
thousand
men
)
and
there
they
fought
a
mighty
battaile
:
But
the
changing
of
the
Captaine
changed
not
the
kings
fortune
:
For
Mardonius
being
ouercome
,
escaped
with
a
few
Souldiers
(
euen
as
one
deliuered
from
a
churlish
shipwrack
)
his
tents
,
wherein
was
all
maner
of
treasure
,
after
Mardonius
〈◊〉
ouercome
.
a
most
princely
triumph
were
taken
and
rifled
:
where
vppon
the
Greekes
(
when
they
had
parted
the
gold
of
the
Persians
amongest
them
)
grew
into
so
great
disorder
and
riot
,
that
it
was
a
hard
matter
for
their
Gouernors
and
leaders
to
pacifie
their
outragious
tumults
:
Also
the
same
day
that
Mardonius
Mutiny
amongst
the
Soldiors
for
the
Persians
gold
.
hoast
was
ouerthrowne
,
there
was
another
fierce
and
great
battaile
fought
vpon
the
Sea
against
the
Persians
,
in
Asia
,
not
farre
from
the
mountaine
sur-named
Mycale
:
where
some
small
time
before
the
encounter
,
as
both
the
fleetes
were
in
a
readinesse
prepared
to
the
battayle
,
on
the
sodaine
newes
ran
cleane
thorough
both
the
Armyes
,
that
the
Greekes
were
the
men
on
whom
Fortune
had
bestowed
the
better
of
the
day
,
and
that
the
whole
hoast
of
Mardonius
and
his
followers
were
vtterly
discomfited
and
ouerthrowne
:
so
swift
was
Fames
Trumpet
,
that
whereas
this
great
battayle
was
fought
in
Beotya
,
but
in
the
beginning
of
the
morning
,
yet
before
the
noontyde
of
the
Sunnes
progresse
,
the
rumour
of
either
the
losse
or
victory
,
was
spred
so
farre
in
so
short
a
moment
of
time
.
When
these
warres
were
come
to
end
,
and
that
by
long
consultation
,
it
was
determined
how
euery
Citty
should
be
rewarded
,
by
a
generall
voyce
,
the
Athenians
were
iudged
to
haue
borne
themselues
herein
most
valiantly
:
The
m●stocles
highly
aduanced
fox
his
valour
.
Againe
discending
amongst
euery
priuate
Captaine
,
the
whole
verdict
ranne
vpon
Themystocles
,
as
chiefe
and
principall
,
which
added
vnto
him
an
exceeding
credite
and
renowne
of
all
the
chiefe
inhabitants
of
the
whole
countrey
.
Thus
grew
the
Athenians
into
high
esteeme
,
and
were
so
worthily
increased
both
in
riches
and
honor
,
that
they
began
to
build
their
Citty
new
out
of
the
ground
:
These
tidings
came
to
the
eares
of
the
Lacedemonians
,
how
that
the
Athenians
had
enchroched
and
taken
in
more
ground
then
in
former
times
,
and
so
farre
enlarged
the
walles
of
their
Citty
,
that
they
had
them
in
great
lclousie
,
and
wisely
bethought
themselues
what
might
be
the
ende
hereof
,
and
what
strength
they
might
growe
vnto
by
peace
,
seeing
they
had
so
wel
prosyted
by
the
spoile
thereof
:
wherefore
they
presently
dispatched
Ambassadors
,
vnto
them
to
warne
them
not
to
build
fortresses
to
nourish
vp
their
enimies
,
neither
with
strong
holdes
to
furnish
the
warres
that
was
very
like
to
fall
forth
hereafter
.
Themystocles
perceiuing
that
they
began
to
repine
at
the
raising
vp
of
their
Citty
,
and
considering
that
it
stood
him
vpon
to
take
in
hand
nothing
vnaduisedly
:
The
wise
d●mean●r
o●
Th●●●●●d●s
.
gaue
answere
to
the
Ambassadors
in
this
maner
:
that
certaine
of
the
grauest
of
their
common-wealth
should
go
backe
with
them
to
Lacedemon
,
to
conferre
at
full
with
them
concerning
this
matter
.
Thus
hauing
dispatched
the
Ambassadors
of
Sparta
:
he
wished
the
Cittizens
to
make
all
hast
they
coulde
in
their
worke
,
and
shortly
after
himselfe
tooke
the
Ambassage
in
hand
:
In
which
iourney
,
what
with
sometime
faining
himselfe
sicke
,
and
what
by
putting
faulte
in
the
slackenes
of
such
as
were
ioyned
with
him
in
commission
(
without
whom
he
could
not
determine
any
thing
)
that
he
at
last
delayed
the
time
so
long
,
that
in
the
meane
space
they
had
fully
put
an
end
,
to
their
long
and
tedious
workes
:
Tidings
was
brought
to
Lacedemon
,
that
notwithstanding
all
offers
that
was
made
,
the
building
of
the
Cittie
went
on
a
pace
at
Athens
:
whereupon
they
appointed
new
Ambassadors
againe
,
to
take
the
iourney
and
returne
certaine
word
,
whether
it
was
true
had
bene
reported
.
When
Themystocles
saw
how
thinges
were
carried
,
and
that
their
iclousie
more
and
more
increased
,
he
sent
a
certaine
seruant
of
his
owne
with
letters
to
all
the
chiefe
magistrates
of
Athens
,
containing
thus
in
effect
:
that
they
Themystocles
sendeth
letters
to
the
whole
Magistracy
.
should
make
stay
of
the
Spartan
Ambassadors
,
least
that
they
should
offer
him
any
violence
,
till
they
heard
further
from
him
being
at
Lacedemon
:
hauing
this
done
,
he
went
boldly
before
the
whole
Senate
or
counsell
of
the
Lacedemonians
,
certifying
for
trueth
that
Athens
was
now
thoroughly
fortifyed
,
and
more
then
that
,
it
was
able
to
withstande
the
force
of
any
enemy
,
not
onely
by
sword
,
but
by
the
strength
of
their
walles
also
:
and
therefore
if
they
offred
vnto
him
any
other
then
faire
play
,
in
regarde
of
what
he
had
done
,
their
Ambassadors
,
which
they
had
lately
sent
,
were
kept
as
Hostages
for
his
preseruation
and
safety
at
Athens
,
withall
,
he
grew
vpon
them
in
such
high
terms
,
and
foule
rebukes
,
for
that
they
coueted
to
haue
the
soueraignity
ouer
them
,
which
they
coulde
not
maintaine
by
their
owne
powers
,
but
must
craue
help
,
from
other
nations
of
whom
when
they
stood
in
most
need
,
could
render
them
but
very
weake
helpes
:
hauing
thus
demeand
himselfe
,
in
such
triumphant
manner
ouer
the
Lacedemonians
,
he
was
suffered
to
depart
,
and
was
ioyfully
receiued
at
home
amongst
his
owne
Cittizens
.
After
this
the
Spartans
(
fearing
least
their
forces
should
be
weakened
by
a
The
spartans
make
warre
vpon
the
Persians
.
slauish
Idlenesse
,
as
also
hauing
kept
themselues
for
reuenge
vpon
the
Persians
,
which
twice
before
had
made
inrodes
vpon
the
Greekes
)
out
of
their
own
voluntary
,
inuaded
the
borders
of
their
Empire
:
They
chose
for
Captain
and
principall
ouer
them
,
both
of
their
owne
Armies
,
as
also
of
the
armies
of
their
Compettitors
and
adherents
,
one
called
Pausanias
:
this
fellow
,
being
thus
chosen
amongst
them
could
not
content
himselfe
with
being
their
Captaine
Pausanias
worketh
treason
.
or
generall
,
but
in
the
ende
,
(
vrged
by
ambition
)
coueted
the
regaltye
and
kingdome
of
Greece
:
to
this
end
he
conspired
with
Xerxes
,
vpon
this
condition
,
that
he
might
receiue
the
Kings
daughter
in
marriage
:
and
for
that
the
King
should
gather
no
mistrust
,
he
voluntarily
sent
home
all
the
prisoners
,
which
before
he
had
taken
freely
without
ransome
.
Moreouer
,
he
wrote
vnto
Xerxes
,
on
this
manner
,
that
whatsoeuer
messenger
he
sent
vnto
him
,
he
should
put
hym
to
present
execution
,
for
feare
that
by
some
whisperinges
all
their
plots
might
be
destroyed
:
But
Aristides
the
chiefe
Captaine
of
the
Athenians
(
being
chosen
also
his
equall
and
fellowe
Gouernor
in
all
these
Aristides
preuenteth
the
Treason
warres
)
in
that
he
opposed
himselfe
against
all
his
enterprises
,
and
that
he
verye
wisely
foresawe
what
was
most
like
to
ensue
hereof
,
vnfolded
and
reuealed
all
the
whole
intentes
and
purposes
of
these
treasons
:
Wherupon
Pausanias
being
arraigned
,
conuicted
,
and
found
guilty
,
was
accordingly
with
all
hast
they
could
executed
.
But
as
for
Xerxes
,
when
he
perceiued
that
all
their
Pausanias
condemned
.
plottes
and
conspiracies
were
disclosed
,
determined
once
more
to
proclaim
open
warres
against
the
Grecians
.
The
Grecians
preparing
themselues
in
readines
to
receiue
the
foe
,
appointed
for
their
Captaine
,
one
Cymo
of
Athens
,
the
sonne
of
one
Milciades
,
who
Cymo
made
great
captain
was
their
Graund
Captaine
at
the
battell
of
Marathon
,
a
very
Noble
young
Gentleman
,
whose
vertuous
and
forward
disposition
,
declared
before
hand
,
what
honor
and
valour
was
likely
to
attend
him
in
all
his
aduentures
:
for
his
father
being
cast
into
prison
for
robbing
the
common
treasury
was
in
the
said
prison
found
dead
and
might
not
be
admitted
buriall
,
he
submitted
himselfe
into
the
same
setters
of
Iron
which
his
father
ware
,
tooke
vpon
him
his
fathers
offences
whereby
he
redeemed
the
dead
body
of
his
Father
,
and
gaue
it
buriall
.
His
naturall
loue
to
his
father
.
And
on
the
other
side
their
trust
in
him
was
not
deceiued
,
in
that
they
called
him
to
so
great
a
place
:
for
he
was
a
man
of
such
couragious
spirit
(
as
also
his
father
before
him
)
that
he
vanquished
and
cleane
ouercame
Xerxes
both
by
Land
and
Sea
,
forcing
him
fearefully
to
retyre
home
into
his
owne
kingdome
.
The
ende
of
the
second
Booke
.
THE
THIRDE
BOOKE
of
Iustine
.
THE
ARGVMENT
.
XErxes
and
his
sonnes
are
slaine
,
by
the
treason
of
Ar●abanus
.
Artaxerxes
reuengeth
the
death
of
his
father
.
The
Lacedemonians
and
the
Athenians
fall
at
variance
:
Lycurgus
maketh
lawes
and
willingly
banisheth
himselfe
.
The
Lacedemonians
make
warre
vpon
the
Messenians
.
The
Partheniens
place
them
selues
at
Tarent
in
Italy
.
Messene
rebelleth
and
is
subdued
.
Warre
is
renued
between
the
Lacedemonians
and
the
Athenians
.
The
Lacedemonians
break
the
truce
.
The
notable
demeanor
of
Pericles
.
Truce
is
taken
againe
and
broken
by
the
Lacedemonians
.
THis
Xerxes
great
king
of
Persia
(
to
whom
was
added
this
name
;
The
terrour
of
all
other
Nations
)
when
he
had
sped
so
vnfortunately
in
his
warres
in
Greece
,
was
held
in
a
generall
contempt
amongst
al
his
subiects
:
wherupon
Xerxes
slaine
by
treason
.
Artabanus
(
a
principall
Lieutenant
of
his
kingdome
)
perceiued
the
glory
and
estate
of
the
king
daily
to
decay
,
and
foolishly
soothing
vp
his
own
conceits
,
that
hee
might
very
easily
enioy
the
kingdome
,
notwithstanding
his
seuen
sonnes
,
(
who
were
all
very
tall
and
strong
men
)
vpon
an
euening
entered
the
kings
pallace
,
(
for
the
king
reposed
such
considence
in
him
,
that
it
was
lawfull
for
him
,
to
come
and
go
whensoeuer
he
pleased
)
and
seizing
vpon
the
person
of
the
king
,
shamefully
murthered
him
.
Hauing
thus
slaine
the
king
,
he
sought
also
how
by
some
quaint
slight
or
The
treason
of
Artabazanus
.
pollicy
he
might
destroy
his
children
,
of
whom
he
stood
in
doubt
,
that
they
should
hinder
his
enterprises
:
But
as
for
Artaxerxes
which
was
a
very
childe
,
he
thought
he
might
abuse
him
as
he
listed
;
and
to
the
intent
he
might
the
sooner
compasse
the
kingdome
,
he
bare
him
in
hand
that
the
king
was
murdered
by
Darius
,
who
was
grown
vp
to
mans
estate
:
by
which
deuise
he
compelled
Artaxerxes
to
reuenge
the
murder
of
the
king
with
murder
of
his
brother
.
When
they
came
to
the
lodging
of
Darius
,
they
founde
him
,
as
if
hee
had
bene
asleepe
,
and
presently
drawing
forth
their
Weapons
they
fell
vpon
him
and
murthered
him
.
After
Artabanus
,
perceiuing
that
yet
for
all
this
mischiefe
,
there
remained
one
of
the
kings
sonnes
aliue
,
and
fearing
that
the
peeres
of
the
Realme
,
would
stand
to
him
to
place
him
in
the
kingdome
:
made
one
Baccabassus
of
his
counsell
,
this
man
contenting
himselfe
with
his
present
estate
,
vtteily
disallowed
those
his
treasons
,
and
therevpon
went
and
bewraied
the
whole
plot
The
●●●son
〈◊〉
.
to
Artaxerxes
,
first
how
his
father
was
shamefully
murthered
,
next
,
that
his
brother
vpon
false
intelligence
was
put
to
the
sword
,
and
lastly
,
that
there
was
violent
treasons
in
hand
against
his
owne
person
:
when
Artaxerxes
heard
hereof
(
and
growing
into
a
great
feare
of
Artabanus
,
for
that
he
had
so
many
〈…〉
.
sonnes
)
commaunded
all
his
Armies
to
be
mustred
vp
the
next
day
in
Armour
,
for
he
in
person
,
would
both
take
a
special
view
of
theyr
number
,
as
also
cucry
mans
acctiuitic
in
handling
his
weapons
.
Amongst
the
rest
Artabanus
also
stoode
out
in
compleat
Armor
,
who
when
the
king
cspied
,
he
fayned
that
his
Curat
was
too
short
for
him
,
and
therefore
commaunded
Artabanus
to
change
curats
:
Artabanus
nothing
mistrusting
,
did
as
he
was
commaunded
,
and
as
he
was
putting
it
off
,
he
King
taking
him
vpon
aduantage
,
suddainely
thrust
him
thorough
with
his
sword
,
and
withall
presently
commaunded
that
all
his
sonnes
should
be
apprehended
,
and
kept
in
prison
,
while
his
displeasure
was
further
satisfied
.
And
so
this
worthy
young
Prince
reuenged
the
death
of
his
father
,
and
the
murder
of
his
brother
,
as
also
freed
himselfe
from
the
treasons
of
Artabanus
.
While
these
broiles
hapned
amongst
the
Persians
,
in
the
meane
time
all
Greece
fell
into
ciuill
dissention
,
diuiding
it selfe
the
one
part
against
the
other
A
ciuill
dissention
among
the
Greekes
.
(
whereof
one
part
followed
the
Lacedemonians
,
and
the
other
part
followed
the
Athenians
,
turning
the
point
of
their
weapons
into
their
owne
bowels
.
On
the
one
side
the
Lacedemonians
drew
vnto
their
part
,
all
such
forces
as
were
before
waged
at
the
common
charge
of
euery
Cyttie
,
for
the
defence
of
the
whole
country
:
while
the
Athenians
vpon
the
other
side
stood
vpon
their
renowne
,
not
onely
of
their
auncestry
,
as
also
of
their
owne
famous
exploits
in
mylitarie
dissipline
,
and
therefore
were
resolute
,
and
stood
onely
to
that
strength
,
which
they
could
well
maintaine
amongst
themselues
:
Thus
two
of
the
mightiest
people
throughout
all
Greece
,
both
of
them
also
equall
in
the
execution
of
the
statutes
of
Solon
,
and
the
lawes
of
Lycurgus
,
through
meere
enuy
at
the
good
and
flourishing
estate
one
of
the
other
,
were
swallowed
vp
through
ciuill
dissention
.
As
for
Lycurgus
he
succeeded
his
brother
Polibita
in
the
kingdome
of
Sparta
,
Iastice
to
be
preserred
before
a
crown
.
and
although
he
might
very
lawfully
haue
challenged
the
kingdome
as
his
owne
right
,
yet
willingly
he
made
surrender
thereof
,
and
with
so
great
faithfulnes
vnto
his
Sonne
Charilaus
,
(
who
was
borne
after
the
death
of
his
father
)
assoone
as
euer
he
grew
vp
vnto
mans
estate
:
to
the
intent
that
all
men
might
see
and
vnderstand
,
how
much
more
good
men
do
esteeme
of
their
faithfull
dealing
,
then
all
the
riches
of
the
world
beside
:
Also
in
the
nonage
of
the
child
(
of
whome
as
protector
he
had
the
gouernement
)
he
deuised
Lawes
and
Statures
to
be
put
in
due
execution
amongst
the
Spartans
(
who
till
this
time
were
altogether
destitute
)
in
which
labour
of
his
,
he
deserued
euerlasting
renowne
,
not
onely
in
that
hee
prouided
such
lawes
,
as
for
the
good
example
that
he
gaue
for
the
preseruing
and
keeping
of
them
:
These
were
his
lawes
in
effect
.
First
,
he
taught
the
people
how
to
tender
their
due
obedience
towardes
the
Prince
,
and
the
Prince
how
to
carry
himselfe
to
the
administration
of
instice
●ycurgus
and
〈◊〉
L●●es
.
among
the
people
.
He
perswaded
all
estates
and
degrees
to
beware
of
gluttony
,
and
to
be
sparing
in
their
diet
,
for
in
his
iudgement
he
thought
that
warre
would
be
the
better
maintained
,
where
the
goods
that
they
got
by
moderation
,
was
also
thriftily
preserued
and
kept
:
he
also
ordaind
that
their
might
be
a
generall
buyeng
and
selling
amongst
men
,
but
not
for
ready
money
but
by
exchanging
of
Wares
,
one
with
another
.
The
vse
of
Gold
and
Siluer
(
as
the
onely
occasion
of
much
mischiefe
)
he
vtterly
tooke
away
from
amongst
them
.
The
gouernment
of
the
common-weale
,
he
destributed
into
certaine
estates
and
degrees
of
men
:
He
alowed
vnto
the
king
absolute
power
and
authority
in
al
matters
concerning
the
warres
:
vnto
the
Magistrates
,
he
allowed
authority
in
Iudgements
,
and
other
courses
in
law
.
Amongst
whom
he
ordained
,
that
they
should
holde
their
places
,
but
the
terme
of
one
yeare
at
the
most
.
Vnto
the
Senators
and
Sages
amongst
the
people
it
fell
out
to
see
these
lawes
put
in
execution
,
to
the
commons
he
gaue
power
to
elect
and
choose
the
Senatours
,
or
to
appoint
what
Officers
they
pleased
to
giue
consent
vnto
.
He
caused
their
Landes
to
be
denided
to
euery
one
part
and
part
like
,
only
to
this
entent
and
purpose
,
that
euery
man
hauing
alike
,
no
man
should
account
himselfe
better
then
his
neighbor
.
He
ordained
that
they
should
all
eat
and
drink
openly
,
to
the
intent
no
man
shuld
in
secret
vse
any
maner
of
excesse
or
superfluity
:
He
permitted
the
yonger
sort
of
men
to
weare
but
one
garment
in
the
year
,
neither
one
man
to
exceed
another
in
apparell
,
nor
one
fare
better
then
another
,
least
by
the
euill
example
of
one
,
it
shuld
entice
and
draw
on
others
to
the
like
ryot
:
Any
child
The
bringing
vp
of
children
whatsoeuer
,
being
vnder
the
age
of
fifteene
years
,
was
not
suffred
to
come
into
the
Kings
court
,
but
straightly
commanded
to
be
kept
vp
in
the
Countrey
,
where
they
might
daily
behold
nothing
but
extreme
labor
and
trauaile
,
and
by
these
examples
might
shun
idlenes
and
know
the
want
of
good
education
:
Also
,
when
they
slept
,
nothing
was
suffred
to
be
laid
vnder
their
heads
to
rest
vpon
,
neither
might
they
tast
of
dainty
foode
,
nor
returne
into
the
Citty
till
they
were
growne
to
mans
estate
.
He
also
made
a
law
that
maidens
should
be
maried
without
any
dowry
,
and
in
that
law
ordained
that
men
in
choosing
wiues
,
should
professe
loue
onely
,
Mariage
of
maydens
and
not
to
marry
as
in
these
times
for
the
loue
onely
of
money
,
he
thinking
by
this
law
to
haue
the
bonds
of
Matrimony
more
firmly
kept
and
obserued
:
He
ordained
that
greatest
reuerence
should
be
giuen
(
not
to
richmen
,
nor
men
in
authority
,
)
but
vnto
the
aged
,
accounting
them
worthiest
reuerence
,
Reuerence
to
the
aged
.
for
their
many
yeares
:
And
to
giue
them
their
due
,
there
is
no
one
place
in
the
world
,
where
age
is
more
honored
,
then
amongst
the
Spartans
.
These
lawes
and
precepts
at
the
first
seemed
hard
,
heauy
,
and
tedious
,
especially
to
such
as
in
all
their
times
before
,
were
wont
to
line
at
liberty
,
therefore
the
worst
in
three
seueral
battailes
,
brought
the
Lacedemonians
to
such
a
strait
,
that
to
supply
their
Armies
,
they
were
faine
to
make
all
their
bondmen
free
,
as
also
to
make
faithfull
promises
to
them
,
that
it
should
be
lawfull
for
them
to
take
the
wiues
of
such
as
were
slaine
,
not
onely
to
supply
their
places
to
make
vp
the
number
,
but
to
possesse
all
their
estates
and
worships
whatsoeuer
.
The
kings
of
the
Lacedemonians
feared
belike
that
in
striuing
against
Fortune
,
they
might
still
come
by
the
worst
,
and
so
indanger
their
Countrey
and
people
the
more
,
determined
to
haue
conueyed
home
againe
all
their
hoast
of
men
,
if
Tyrteus
had
not
at
that
instant
come
amongst
them
:
who
summoning
all
his
Armies
together
,
rehearsed
before
them
certaine
verses
,
that
he
himselfe
had
composed
and
set
togither
,
wherein
he
had
contained
,
nothing
but
encoragements
of
warre
,
comforts
for
the
loser
,
and
pollicies
and
stratigems
in
seruice
:
by
which
he
set
all
his
Souldiers
on
such
a
fyer
of
courage
,
that
taking
more
thought
for
their
buriall
,
then
their
liues
,
euery
man
put
vpon
his
right
armea
bracelet
,
whereupon
he
caused
to
be
engraued
his
owne
name
,
and
also
the
name
of
his
father
,
onely
for
this
intent
and
purpose
,
that
if
it
were
his
fortune
to
be
slaine
in
the
battell
,
and
thereby
might
lie
so
long
a
boue
ground
that
they
coulde
not
be
knowne
by
their
visages
,
at
least
those
bracelets
,
might
make
them
to
be
regarded
,
that
so
they
might
yet
at
last
haue
humane
buriall
.
When
the
kings
had
taken
knowledge
of
this
their
resolution
,
they
caused
The
courage
of
the
Messenians
.
their
forwardnes
to
be
sounded
foorth
into
the
eares
of
their
enemies
:
which
nothing
astonied
the
Messenians
,
but
rather
increased
their
fury
more
violently
:
In
which
incounter
they
behaued
themselues
so
couragiously
on
both
parts
,
that
it
grew
to
be
the
bloudiest
day
that
had
bene
heard
of
in
many
ages
long
before
:
yet
as
the
longest
Summers
day
hath
his
end
,
so
had
the
furie
of
these
violent
broiles
,
and
the
Lacedemonians
remained
Conquerors
.
At
another
time
,
(
some
respite
of
yeares
comming
betwixt
)
the
Messenians
now
made
a
third
insurrection
and
rebellion
:
At
which
time
amongst
other
,
The
Messenians
the
third
●●me
〈◊〉
.
the
Lacedemonians
craued
the
ayde
of
the
Athenians
,
as
before
times
they
were
wont
:
of
whose
faith
and
trustines
,
they
had
conceiued
some
harde
measure
,
wherefore
when
they
were
come
vnto
them
,
they
shewed
themselues
strange
towards
them
,
making
as
though
they
had
small
neede
of
their
furtherance
,
and
in
fine
for
a
reuenge
of
their
former
iniuries
that
they
receiued
,
sent
them
home
againe
to
their
owne
Countrey
,
without
further
imployment
at
that
time
.
The
Athenians
iudged
hereof
as
a
froward
and
churlish
disgrace
,
and
in
the
heat
of
their
displeasure
,
fetched
away
all
the
chiefest
treasure
and
mony
that
was
laid
vp
and
stored
at
Delos
,
by
the
whole
power
of
Greece
,
for
the
maintenance
of
their
warres
against
the
Persyans
,
and
brought
it
to
Athens
:
fearing
,
least
if
the
Lacedemonians
shoulde
be
the
first
that
violated
the
league
,
they
might
haue
seized
thereupon
,
and
made
purchase
and
spoile
thereof
.
This
draue
the
Lacedemonians
more
and
more
out
of
quiet
,
for
in
that
they
were
intangled
in
warres
,
against
the
Messenians
,
they
waged
the
Penoponnesians
to
Eney
ne●●r
satisfied
.
make
warre
against
the
Athenians
:
who
were
very
weake
and
of
small
power
to
resist
,
by
reason
chiefely
that
they
had
at
that
instant
sent
a
great
Nany
of
Ships
iuto
Egipt
,
and
therefore
being
set
vpon
at
sea
,
were
soone
discomfited
and
ouercome
.
Within
a
while
after
their
fleet
ariued
safe
at
home
,
being
increased
both
in
number
of
ships
,
and
strength
of
men
,
whereupon
hauing
hartes
burning
with
reuenge
,
they
reunited
againe
the
warres
,
and
made
head
vpon
the
enemy
:
whereupon
the
Lacedemonians
left
the
Messenians
,
and
turned
all
their
forces
vpon
the
Athenians
.
Long
helde
the
heate
of
the
battaile
,
doubtfull
to
whether
part
the
day
would
be
assigned
,
and
so
indeed
it
fell
foorth
,
for
after
many
slaughters
,
gaping
wounds
,
and
maimed
souldiers
on
both
sides
,
they
both
remained
equall
victors
of
the
day
.
Hereupon
the
Lacedemonians
were
still
bound
to
maintaine
the
warres
with
the
Messenians
(
and
yet
were
loathe
that
the
Athenians
should
be
ydle
all
the
while
)
couenanted
with
the
Thebans
,
to
restore
them
backe
,
the
kingdom
of
Beotia
,
(
which
before
time
were
taken
from
them
in
the
time
of
the
Persian
warres
)
vpon
condition
that
they
should
continue
warre
with
the
Athenians
:
so
mad
and
inraged
were
the
Lacedemonians
,
that
although
they
were
now
already
ingaged
into
two
seuerall
warres
,
against
two
seuerall
Nations
,
yet
they
sti●ked
not
to
vndertake
a
third
,
onely
to
giue
scope
to
their
reuengefull
hate
against
the
common
aduersary
.
Wherevpon
the
Athenians
,
to
pteuent
mischances
,
and
to
withstand
these
boysterous
tempests
of
warre
,
chose
from
among
them
two
Captaines
and
Pericles
a
worthy
man
of
warre
.
chiefe
Lordes
:
the
one
called
Pericles
,
(
a
man
of
tried
vertue
and
experience
)
and
Sophocles
,
who
was
onely
a
writer
of
tragedies
:
These
two
valiant
commanders
,
had
the
charge
of
two
Armies
,
who
wasted
the
territores
of
the
Spartanes
exceedingly
,
and
as
they
went
along
subdued
many
citties
of
Achaia
to
the
Empire
of
Athens
.
Thus
was
the
pride
of
the
Lacedemonians
cast
downe
,
by
these
misfortunes
,
and
in
the
end
were
forced
to
make
a
peace
for
thirty
yeares
:
which
notwithstanding
,
they
still
retained
a
priuate
grudge
against
the
Athenians
,
in
so
much
that
they
made
shipwrack
of
their
league
,
before
The
Lacedemonians
make
a
pease
and
breake
it
the
terme
of
fifteen
years
were
fully
acomplished
,
and
in
dispite
both
of
gods
and
men
,
inuaded
the
borders
and
territories
of
Athens
:
wherein
,
that
they
might
not
be
accounted
to
thirst
after
spoile
only
,
they
suddenly
made
them
offer
of
battaile
:
The
Athenians
(
by
the
counsell
of
their
Captaine
Pericles
)
delaied
the
reuenge
for
wasting
of
theyr
Countrey
vntill
fitter
opportunitie
The
discreet
pollicy
of
Pericles
.
might
giue
aduantage
to
pay
them
home
for
their
truce-breaking
&
accounted
it
but
meere
folly
to
trouble
themselues
any
further
at
that
time
,
considering
that
ere
many
daies
were
past
,
they
might
reuenge
all
their
wrongs
,
with
more
profyt
and
aduantage
,
and
lesse
danger
of
losse
vnto
themselues
.
Whervpon
a
little
after
they
made
a
great
preparation
of
men
,
money
,
&
munition
,
and
sodenly
imbarking
their
forces
,
put
forth
to
sea
,
or
euer
the
Lacedemonians
got
knowledge
of
them
,
and
suddenly
arriuing
vpon
the
borders
of
Sparta
,
wasted
all
the
Countrey
before
them
,
and
carryed
away
with
them
farre
more
spoile
,
than
made
good
foure
fold
the
losse
that
they
had
before
receiued
of
the
enemy
:
Honourable
was
this
voyage
of
Pericles
,
but
a
greater
honor
was
it
accounted
for
him
,
in
that
hee
not
onely
vndertooke
this
dangerous
seruice
,
but
that
he
forsooke
euen
all
the
earthly
possessions
that
he
had
about
him
onely
to
attempt
revenge
for
his
Countrymen
the
Athenians
:
although
the
Spartans
before
time
had
spoiled
all
other
mens
lands
and
liuings
,
yet
they
departed
,
not
daring
to
touch
one
iot
of
that
was
called
his
,
hoping
thereby
,
either
to
bring
slander
and
enuy
vpon
him
amongst
his
Countreymen
:
or
if
the
worst
fell
out
(
which
they
rather
coueted
)
he
might
haue
bene
reputed
amongst
them
as
a
Traitor
:
This
did
Pericles
gather
an
insight
into
,
and
therefore
made
known
vnto
the
inhabitants
what
would
come
to
passe
,
and
in
the
end
to
free
himselfe
out
of
al
suspicion
,
he
royally
gaue
al
those
lands
and
liuings
to
the
good
of
the
whole
common-wealth
,
whereby
the
euill
fortunes
that
they
sought
to
throw
vpon
him
to
his
high
disgrace
,
by
his
prouident
care
and
wise
demeanor
,
became
his
euerlasting
fame
and
renowne
.
After
this
,
there
was
another
very
fyerce
fyght
vpon
the
Sea
,
in
which
the
Lacedemonians
,
were
put
to
the
worst
,
and
betooke
themselues
to
flight
:
and
〈…〉
.
from
that
time
forward
they
ceased
not
to
slea
and
kill
one
another
,
either
by
sea
or
land
,
as
fortune
fauoured
either
parties
.
Finally
being
ouertoyled
and
wearied
out
with
so
many
mischiefes
,
following
one
in
the
necke
of
another
,
they
againe
desired
that
they
might
haue
a
peace
concluded
for
fyfty
yeares
,
which
was
accordingly
agreed
vpon
,
but
long
this
lasted
not
;
for
before
sixe
yeares
were
fully
ended
,
they
againe
reuolted
:
for
the
truce
which
they
had
taken
in
their
owne
names
,
they
thought
they
might
lawfully
breake
in
regard
Truce
broken
againe
by
the
Lacedemonians
.
of
their
neighbors
:
as
though
the
periury
committed
on
the
behalfe
of
their
complices
,
might
more
lawfully
be
maintained
,
in
their
quarrels
,
then
if
themselues
had
offered
violence
by
open
warre
.
After
these
broiles
,
the
warres
were
remoued
into
Sycill
:
which
as
yet
I
mean
not
to
handle
,
but
proceed
to
intreat
and
set
downe
somewhat
of
the
scituation
of
that
Isle
.
The
ende
of
the
third
Booke
.
THE
FOVRTH
BOOKE
of
Iustine
.
THE
ARGVMENT
.
THe
description
of
Sycill
,
with
the
strange
wonders
therof
.
Eolus
taketh
vpon
him
the
Crowne
and
gouernment
of
the
same
.
After
his
decease
,
euery
Citty
was
gouerned
by
his
Tyrant
,
amongest
whome
Anaxilaus
gouerneth
one
Citty
.
He
contendeth
much
against
the
cruelty
of
the
other
Tyrants
.
He
stri●eth
to
maintaine
vpright
Iustice
and
equitie
.
The
inhabitantes
of
Rhegium
are
cruelly
dispossessed
of
their
Citty
,
by
their
owne
confederates
.
The
Cathanensis
and
Syracusans
are
at
fowle
iarres
:
The
Athenians
giue
aide
vnto
the
Cathanensis
.
Truce
is
granted
to
the
Syracusans
.
The
Athenians
againe
giue
fresh
succour
vnto
the
Cathanensis
.
Gylippus
comes
in
the
rescue
of
the
Syracusans
.
He
ouercommeth
the
Athenians
,
both
by
Lande
and
Sea
,
and
in
the
ende
giueth
a
finall
ouerthrow
,
both
in
their
men
as
also
in
their
Shipping
.
COncerning
Sicilly
,
some
Ancients
hold
that
it
was
neere
The
description
of
Sicily
adioyning
to
the
Territories
of
Italy
,
and
that
as
a
member
of
the
body
it
was
(
as
it
were
)
rent
and
torne
asunder
by
violence
and
rage
of
the
vpper
Sea
,
which
in
full
course
,
hath
the
fury
of
her
waues
continually
beating
thereupon
.
The
earth
of
these
parts
is
wonderous
brittle
,
The
nature
of
the
Soyle
.
and
full
ofholes
and
pipes
in
the
ground
,
by
reason
whereof
it
lyeth
open
to
euery
blast
of
wind
:
Besides
,
the
nature
of
this
soyle
is
such
,
that
of
it selfe
it
ingendreth
,
and
nourisheth
fire
:
for
the
substance
of
the
molde
within
,
is
much
after
the
nature
of
Brimstone
and
Rosen
,
so
that
by
meanes
hereof
it
commeth
to
passe
,
that
the
wind
hauing
such
violence
and
beating
vpon
the
fire
,
that
lieth
hidden
in
the
innermost
parts
of
the
earth
,
sendeth
foorth
in
many
places
,
some-whiles
flashes
of
fyre
,
other
some-whiles
againe
most
vnsauory
and
dangerous
vapors
,
and
at
Many
Tales
conceited
of
Aetna
.
some
other
times
againe
,
continual
duskish
and
smolthering
smokes
.
Vppon
these
flashes
of
fire
,
that
are
there
so
often
and
continually
seene
,
groweth
that
fire
that
is
fained
to
be
continualy
burning
out
of
the
mountain
called
Aetna
,
which
hath
cotinued
many
thousand
yeares
:
and
when
there
chanceth
any
extraordinary
wind
in
these
foresaid
holes
,
great
heapes
of
sand
are
at
that
instant
found
to
be
purged
and
cast
out
of
them
.
The
next
Contry
that
fronteth
Italy
is
Rhegium
:
so
called
of
the
Greeks
,
&
in
their
language
so
terme
things
that
are
broken
off
one
from
another
.
It
is
not
greatly
to
be
inaruailed
at
,
that
in
former
times
,
there
went
many
fables
of
this
place
,
into
which
there
is
conueied
so
many
strange
things
to
be
seene
.
The
rage
of
their
narrow
Seas
.
First
,
there
is
not
any
narrow
sea
in
all
the
world
so
outragious
as
in
this
place
,
not
so
much
for
the
violence
and
swift
passage
of
the
waues
,
as
also
the
extreame
meeting
of
the
tides
:
so
that
it
is
not
so
terrible
onely
to
those
that
trie
the
same
,
but
euen
to
the
beholders
herof
,
althogh
they
be
a
great
way
distant
.
Againe
there
is
so
horrible
a
noise
when
the
waues
thereof
do
meete
,
that
men
may
easily
discerne
some
as
it
were
running
away
,
cleane
ouerwhelmed
in
the
whirl-pooles
,
and
other
some
in
manner
of
conquerors
,
proudly
bearing
themselues
aloft
with
victory
.
Moreouer
,
in
one
place
ye
may
heare
the
extreame
rage
and
roring
of
the
tide●
;
in
another
place
,
the
heauines
,
&
as
it
were
sighings
thereof
,
when
it
sinketh
into
the
Gulfe
:
and
by
the
voiolent
workings
of
the
water
,
and
continuall
burning
of
the
mountaine
Aetna
and
the
Isles
of
Aeolus
,
it
may
seeme
that
these
fires
are
nourished
by
the
water
:
for
otherwise
it
is
not
possible
that
so
huge
a
fire
should
otherwise
continue
for
so
long
a
season
,
in
so
small
a
roome
.
Vpon
this
was
founded
the
tales
of
Scylla
and
Charibdis
,
which
made
men
beleeue
in
sailing
thereby
that
they
heard
the
continuall
barking
of
doggs
,
and
beheld
fearefull
monsters
,
to
appeare
vnto
them
,
which
indeed
was
nothing
else
,
The
fables
of
Scill●
and
Caribdis
but
the
violent
waues
falling
downe
into
the
Gulfe
,
and
in
the
fall
beating
and
working
one
against
another
:
The
like
to
this
may
be
accounted
of
the
continuall
si●c
burning
in
the
mountaine
of
Aetna
,
for
the
meetings
of
the
waters
,
draweth
the
winde
with
such
rage
into
the
bowels
of
the
earth
,
and
there
holdeth
it
pent
vp
so
long
,
till
being
spred
into
the
forenamed
holes
of
the
earth
,
it
setteth
the
Sulphur
matter
into
a
burning
flame
.
Italy
and
Sicilie
are
so
neerly
vnited
together
,
&
the
head-lo●ds
of
both
Contries
so
like
one
the
other
in
heigth
,
that
behold
,
so
much
the
more
as
we
Italy
and
〈◊〉
neerly
knit
togither
.
now
wonder
at
the
same
,
euen
so
much
men
in
former
ages
were
afraid
there
of
,
verily
perswading
themselues
that
the
hilles
had
met
together
,
and
vpon
some
displeasure
taken
were
parted
one
from
another
againe
and
that
between
these
two
hils
,
whole
nauies
of
shipping
had
beene
swallowed
vp
and
neuer
after
to
be
seene
againe
:
neither
was
these
things
deuised
in
olde
times
for
any
pleasantnes
that
they
found
in
the
report
thereof
,
but
onely
thorough
feare
and
astonishment
of
such
passengers
as
had
taken
their
courses
that
way
.
For
such
is
the
nature
of
that
place
,
that
whosoeuer
beholdeth
it
a
farre
off
would
rather
iudge
a
shutting
or
pinning
vp
of
the
Se●
in
that
place
,
rather
then
any
passage
to
be
found
therein
,
and
the
nearer
a
man
approacheth
he
would
take
it
that
the
Mountaines
were
moueable
,
and
did
euen
as
it
were
one
part
from
another
.
Sycill
was
first
called
by
the
name
of
Trynacria
,
and
afterward
,
it
was
called
The
seuer●●l
〈◊〉
of
〈◊〉
.
Sycama
.
This
Island
from
the
beginning
was
accounted
the
chiefe
habitation
of
the
Gyants
,
which
had
but
one
eye
,
and
that
stood
onely
in
the
foreheade
Giants
call●d
S●●lops
.
(
called
Cyclopes
)
which
being
rooted
out
,
Aeolus
tooke
vpon
him
the
rule
of
this
Island
:
after
whose
decease
,
euery
Cirty
had
a
Tyrant
by
themselues
,
and
there
was
neuer
Countrey
better
stored
of
them
then
this
Countrey
of
Sicilly
.
Amongst
the
rest
of
these
Tyrants
,
there
was
one
whose
name
was
Anaxilaus
,
one
that
striued
against
the
cruelty
of
all
the
rest
in
the
execution
of
Iustice
,
whose
wise
and
discreet
gouernement
wan
vnto
him
great
reputation
:
Insomuch
that
after
his
decease
,
leauing
his
children
very
young
vnder
the
An
example
of
vpright
l●●●●
.
tuition
and
gouernement
of
a
very
trusty
seruant
of
his
(
called
Micithus
)
he
was
so
exceedingly
beloued
of
all
his
subiects
,
that
they
rather
chose
to
be
obedient
to
this
his
seruant
,
rather
than
they
wold
any
way
forsake
his
children
,
and
what
was
more
to
be
obserued
,
that
the
Princes
of
the
Citty
forgetting
their
estate
,
suffred
the
kingdome
to
be
ruled
by
abondman
.
The
Carthagenians
made
many
assayes
to
conquer
the
whole
Empire
of
Sicilly
,
and
maintained
warres
along
time
with
the
kinges
thereof
:
and
yet
they
could
not
accomplish
their
desires
vpon
them
,
but
at
one
time
they
gathered
ground
vpon
them
,
and
at
another
lost
all
that
before
they
had
made
boot
of
.
At
last
hauing
lost
their
graund
Captain
and
leader
Hamilear
and
al
his
hoast
,
their
heartes
were
stricken
into
a
great
dampe
,
and
were
so
discouraged
,
that
they
kept
themselues
in
quiet
for
a
long
while
after
.
In
the
mean
space
,
the
inhabitants
Of
Hami●●at
lee
more
in
the
18
,
19
,
20
,
and
22
booke●
.
of
Rhegium
fell
at
variance
amongst
themselues
,
so
that
the
Cittie
was
deuided
into
two
parts
:
the
one
part
whereof
,
mistrusting
their
side
to
be
weake
,
sent
for
the
old
Souldiers
,
that
had
bin
imployed
at
the
Citty
of
Imera
,
to
aid
and
succor
them
,
by
which
means
they
beat
their
aduersaries
clean
forth
the
town
,
put
them
euery
man
vnto
the
sword
,
and
tooke
their
citty
,
with
their
wiues
,
children
,
and
al
the
substance
that
they
could
lay
hold
vpon
,
and
made
hauocke
thereof
:
which
deed
of
theirs
was
accounted
so
cruel
and
tyrannous
,
that
the
fiercest
tyrant
that
euer
raignd
,
could
not
haue
attempted
a
more
violent
act
.
Insomuch
that
it
had
bene
a
farre
more
easier
yoke
for
the
inhabitants
of
Rhegium
,
to
haue
bene
vanquished
and
ouerthrowne
,
rather
then
to
haue
bene
victors
in
so
vnciuill
manner
.
For
whither
(
by
the
Law
of
Armes
)
they
had
bene
forced
to
serue
as
Captiues
vnder
the
Conqueror
,
or
driuen
perforce
to
forsake
their
Countrey
,
as
banished
persons
:
yet
shuld
they
not
haue
bene
so
miserably
murthered
,
between
the
temple
and
their
dwelling
houses
,
and
so
haue
left
their
natiue
countrey
,
with
their
wiues
and
children
,
as
a
pray
vnto
such
vnmercifull
men
.
Also
the
Catanenses
,
being
ouerpressed
by
the
Syracusans
,
and
altogither
growing
distrustfull
of
their
owne
strength
,
were
very
desirous
of
some
small
Ciuill
warres
in
Ci●●ll
,
betweene
the
Catan●nses
and
the
Siracusa●●
.
succors
from
the
Athenians
;
who
(
whither
it
were
for
a
desire
that
they
had
to
inlarge
their
own
Empire
,
or
that
they
had
already
gained
the
conquest
of
al
Greece
and
Asia
,
or
whether
they
feared
the
great
Nauy
of
ships
which
the
Syracusans
had
lately
builded
,
should
be
to
the
aide
and
further
strength
of
the
Lacedemonians
)
sent
them
a
gallant
captaine
,
named
Lamponius
,
with
a
great
Nauy
of
ships
into
Sicilly
,
that
vnder
colour
of
aiding
the
Cathanenses
,
they
might
put
in
practise
the
conquest
of
the
whole
Realme
.
Now
hauing
had
good
successe
in
the
beginning
in
all
their
affaires
,
as
also
a
great
and
mighty
slaughter
vpon
their
enimies
,
they
were
now
a
second
time
incouraged
against
Sycilly
,
with
a
more
puissant
strength
both
of
men
and
Ships
then
before
they
had
made
out
against
them
,
appointing
forth
two
warlike
Captaines
to
take
charge
of
these
their
forces
,
the
one
was
called
Lachetes
,
and
the
other
Chariades
.
But
it
followed
,
that
the
Cathenenses
,
(
whether
for
feare
of
the
Athenians
,
or
rather
being
weary
with
those
warres
)
concluded
a
peace
with
the
Syracusans
,
sending
backe
againe
all
those
Athenians
Two
worthy
Captaines
Lachetes
and
Cha●ades
.
which
before
were
come
vnto
them
for
their
aide
.
A
while
after
this
,
when
the
Syracusans
,
had
made
a
breach
of
the
late
concluded
peace
,
they
suddenly
sent
forth
fresh
Ambassadors
to
Athens
,
who
in
very
rusticke
apparrell
,
with
long
haire
on
their
heads
and
beards
,
as
much
as
was
possible
to
straine
forth
pitty
from
the
Athenians
;
in
this
pittifull
manner
came
they
before
the
people
:
and
in
making
report
vnto
them
,
wept
very
bitterly
:
insomuch
as
the
inhabitantes
tooke
so
much
pitty
vppon
them
,
that
they
wholy
condemned
those
Captaines
,
that
were
imployed
for
their
succors
,
in
that
they
withdrew
away
their
forces
from
them
:
whereupon
with
all
conuenient
speed
,
a
fresh
Nauy
of
ships
was
prepared
and
put
in
readinesse
,
whose
Captaines
and
chiefe
leaders
were
Nicias
,
Alcyhyades
,
and
Lamachus
,
who
entred
into
Scycilly
with
such
a
power
of
men
,
that
euen
they
who
before
craued
their
aide
,
and
to
whose
succour
they
came
,
were
euen
amazed
and
afraide
at
the
sighte
thereof
.
Shortly
after
Alcyhyades
was
commanded
home
,
to
answere
to
certaine
enditements
that
were
laide
against
him
:
in
which
time
Alc●hiades
sent
forout
of
S●●illy
,
to
answere
certain
accusations
.
of
his
absence
,
Nycya●
and
Lamachus
had
two
prosperous
battailes
vpon
the
land
,
and
at
another
time
so
suddenly
begirte
their
enemies
rounde
on
euery
side
,
that
they
neither
could
haue
victuals
come
vnto
them
by
Sea
,
nor
any
new
supplies
of
Souldiers
to
come
to
them
by
land
.
The
Syracusanes
seeing
themselues
thus
distressed
,
desired
aide
from
the
Lacedemonians
:
who
sent
vnto
them
no
aide
at
all
saue
onely
Gylippus
,
who
The
same
of
Gylippus
.
was
of
himselfe
of
more
strength
and
pollicy
then
halfe
the
forces
that
they
had
beside
:
For
he
hauing
heard
the
manner
of
the
warre
,
and
perceiuing
all
his
complices
to
be
at
a
uery
lowe
ebbe
,
raised
a
great
power
,
consisting
,
partly
in
Greece
,
and
partly
in
Sicilly
,
and
then
he
chose
him
foorth
such
a
plot
of
ground
as
he
thought
to
be
most
conuenient
for
two
hoastes
of
men
to
encounter
on
:
where
he
was
twice
put
vnto
the
worse
,
but
at
the
thirde
encounter
,
he
slew
Lamachus
,
put
all
his
enemies
to
shamefull
flight
,
and
in
the
end
raised
the
si●dge
:
But
perceiuing
that
the
Athenians
woulde
forsake
the
land
,
and
bid
him
battell
vpon
the
Sea
,
he
was
forced
to
send
for
the
Nauy
of
the
Lacedemonians
to
aide
him
.
This
being
made
knowne
to
the
Athenians
(
they
to
supply
the
place
of
the
Captaine
that
before
was
slaine
)
sent
demosthenes
and
En●●me●●●
.
Demosthenes
,
and
Enrymedon
,
with
another
fresh
supply
of
men
.
Also
the
Peloponesyans
by
generall
consent
of
all
their
Citties
,
sent
a
newe
supply
of
Souldiers
to
the
ayde
of
the
Syracusans
,
so
that
both
parties
hauing
furnished
themselues
with
fresh
supplies
,
ther
powers
grewe
to
bee
so
great
,
that
it
was
to
be
doubted
least
the
warres
had
beene
remoued
out
of
Greece
in
to
Sicilly
:
wherefore
vpon
their
first
encounter
vpon
the
Sea
,
the
Athenians
The
Athenian●●
anqui●●●d
.
were
put
vnto
the
worst
,
their
tents
and
treasure
were
all
seized
by
the
enimy
and
being
ouercome
vpon
the
land
also
,
then
Demosthenes
began
to
counsel
them
to
leaue
Sicilly
betimes
,
and
not
longer
to
hazzard
themselues
and
all
their
fortunes
in
so
desperate
a
seruice
as
this
had
falne
out
on
their
partes
,
but
rather
to
withdraw
themselues
home
into
their
owne
countrey
,
and
in
what
they
could
preserue
all
such
furniture
of
warre
as
was
yet
remaining
amongst
them
to
defende
themselues
when
they
were
at
home
amongst
their
owne
friendes
and
acquaintaince
:
Whervpon
Nieias
,
whether
it
were
for
shame
of
his
ill
succes
,
or
for
feare
of
his
owne
cittizens
,
being
disappointed
of
their
hopes
,
or
whether
it
was
for
that
his
destenie
compelled
him
thereunto
,
woalde
by
no
meanes
be
perswaded
,
to
goe
home
,
but
made
all
possible
meanes
,
that
he
might
still
remaine
and
abide
the
vtmost
frowne
of
fortune
.
Hereupon
,
the
warres
by
Sea
was
againe
renued
(
and
all
the
cloudie
stormes
of
their
former
ill
fortunes
being
dispersed
and
blowne
ouer
)
gathering
Their
fourt●
ouerthrow
.
a
fresh
resolution
for
a
newe
encounter
:
But
yet
at
last
thorough
their
vnskilful
leaders
(
who
set
vpon
the
Syracusans
as
they
kept
themselues
within
their
streightes
)
they
were
with
small
labour
brought
to
yeelde
:
and
their
couragious
captain
Enrimedon
,
casting
himselfe
valiantly
into
the
fore-ward
,
was
the
first
man
that
tasted
of
death
:
and
the
thirty
snippes
which
were
appointed
to
his
charge
,
were
all
set
on
fire
:
As
for
Demosthenes
and
Nicias
,
seeing
themselues
to
be
ouercom
,
as
fast
as
could
possible
be
,
they
landed
their
men
,
and
thereby
sought
which
way
was
best
safety
for
them
to
make
an
escape
from
the
angry
face
of
their
enemy
:
notwithstanding
all
which
,
there
was
yet
left
behind
,
an
hundred
and
thirty
saile
of
ships
,
which
that
woorthy
Captaine
Gillippus
lighting
vpon
,
pursued
Gylyppus
pursueth
the
Enemy
.
them
continually
as
they
would
haue
fled
away
from
him
,
whereof
some
he
slue
by
the
sword
,
and
the
residue
remained
with
them
as
prisoners
.
As
for
Demosthenes
,
when
he
saw
what
had
fallen
out
,
how
that
hee
was
dispoiled
of
all
his
powers
,
to
the
intent
to
quite
rid
himselfe
out
of
thraldome
,
he
wilfully
ranne
vpon
his
owne
sworde
and
there
ended
his
Demosthenes
bec●mm●th
his
ow●
Butcher
.
daies
:
But
Nicias
framing
himselfe
vnto
another
temper
,
(
could
not
yeeld
in
hart
to
take
away
his
owne
life
by
violence
as
Demosthenes
had
done
,
)
but
rather
yeelded
himselfe
into
captiuity
,
whereby
he
greatly
encreased
the
slaughter
of
his
men
,
and
mightily
increased
his
owne
disquiet
and
peace
.
The
end
of
the
fourth
Booke
.
THE
FIFTH
BOOKE
of
Iustine
.
THE
ARGVMENT
.
ALcibiades
willingly
committeth
himselfe
to
banishment
.
He
compelleth
the
King
of
Lacedemon
to
make
warre
vpon
the
Athenians
,
by
the
ayde
and
succour
of
Darius
King
of
Persia.
He
causeth
the
Citties
of
Asia
to
revolt
from
the
Athenians
.
The
Lacedemonians
lay
wait
to
kill
him
.
He
escapeth
that
danger
by
hauing
knowledge
thereof
from
the
wife
of
king
Agi●
.
He
flyeth
to
Tissaphernes
Lieutcnant
generall
vnder
Darius
in
Lydia
,
whose
lo●e
he
withdraweth
from
the
Lacedemonians
.
Ambassadors
from
Athens
come
vnto
him
,
He
is
called
home
into
his
owne
countrey
and
made
Admirall
.
He
ouercommeth
the
Lacedemonians
and
is
ioyfully
receiued
of
his
Gittizens
,
He
rectiueth
a
losse
by
his
owne
ouersight
,
and
ag●ine
banisheth
himselfe
.
The
Athenians
brought
to
vtter
destruction
.
Conon
their
Captaine
flyeth
into
Cyprus
.
The
Citty
is
yeelded
vp
vnto
the
Lacedemonians
.
Thirtie
Tyrants
haue
the
gouernment
therof
.
Darius
king
of
Persia
,
dieth
.
Denn●s
the
younger
is
driuen
out
of
Sicill
.
Alcibiades
is
burned
in
his
bed-chamber
.
Thrasibulus
driueth
out
the
30.
Tyrantes
,
and
their
places
giuen
to
ten
.
Pausanias
King
of
Lacedemon
,
commaundeth
them
out
of
the
Citty
,
and
graunteth
peace
vnto
the
Athenians
:
The
Tirants
maketh
warre
against
Athens
.
They
are
taken
and
executed
.
Artaxerxes
succeedeth
his
Father
Darius
in
the
Persian
kingdome
.
Cyrus
rehelleth
against
his
brother
Artaxerxes
and
is
slaine
.
The
Greeks
that
came
to
his
aid●
,
r●turn
againe
into
their
own
Country
vnuanquished
.
WHilst
yet
the
Athenians
'
made
warres
in
Sicilly
for
the
space
of
two
yeares
,
(
with
more
desire
of
greedinesse
then
any
good
successe
)
Alcihiades
,
(
who
was
the
chiefe
causer
hereof
)
in
the
time
of
his
absence
,
was
accused
at
Athens
to
haue
set
forth
the
mistcries
of
Ceres
,
and
the
sacrifices
that
was
done
vnto
the
honor
of
her
,
as
a
publike
spectacle
,
which
can
no
way
be
so
highly
solemnized
as
by
silence
.
When
thus
Alcybyades
was
commanded
home
,
to
make
aunswere
to
all
such
complaints
as
were
ptefetred
against
The
Articles
whereuppon
Alcibiades
stood
indighted
.
him
,
whether
it
wer
that
his
conscience
accused
him
as
guilty
,
or
that
he
could
not
indure
such
dishonor
and
reproach
to
his
person
:
he
secretly
and
suddenly
without
any
words
made
,
cast
forth
himselfe
as
a
banished
man
,
and
altogither
kept
the
remnant
of
his
daies
at
an
vnfrequented
place
(
surnamed
Elis.
)
Afterward
,
being
in
this
voluntary
exile
,
it
came
to
his
knowledge
,
that
hee
stood
not
onely
as
a
condemned
man
,
but
also
was
accursed
by
all
the
priests
which
belonged
to
those
ordinances
of
religion
:
he
therefore
secretly
tooke
Alcibiades
taketh
part
against
his
Countrey
.
his
way
to
Lacedemon
,
and
by
great
perswasions
mooued
the
king
thereof
to
make
warres
vpon
the
Athenians
,
especially
at
that
present
,
whilst
they
were
now
so
sore
vexed
and
disquieted
with
their
ill
successe
they
had
receiued
in
Sicilly
.
Hereupon
,
all
the
kingdomes
of
Greece
gathered
themselues
togither
(
in
as
great
hast
and
multitudes
as
if
it
had
bene
to
quench
some
outragious
fire
)
for
they
bare
the
Athenians
a
secret
and
malicious
hate
,
by
reason
of
their
innumerable
greedines
,
ambition
,
soueraigntye
,
and
gouernement
,
that
they
Darius
so
nof
Artaxerxes
the
8.
king
of
Persia.
would
haue
ouer
them
:
Also
Darius
king
of
the
Per●yans
,
calling
to
remembrance
the
former
hate
that
his
father
and
graundfather
bare
vnto
this
Citty
;
entred
a
league
with
the
Lacedemonians
by
meanns
of
Tyssaphernes
,
who
was
Lieutenant
of
Lydia
,
and
promised
to
beare
out
the
whole
charge
of
those
Warres
,
out
of
his
owne
treasury
.
This
was
the
whole
course
and
pr●tence
of
the
entrance
into
league
with
the
Greekes
,
but
in
very
deed
he
mistrusted
,
least
when
the
Lacedemonians
had
ouercome
the
Athenians
,
they
would
also
set
vpon
him
:
and
therefore
it
is
no
waie
to
be
wondred
at
,
though
the
estate
of
Athens
were
accounted
so
flourishing
,
The
courage
of
the
athenians
.
since
to
oppresse
that
one
Citty
,
all
the
whole
power
of
the
East
partes
banded
themselues
togither
against
it
:
and
yet
they
could
not
be
accounted
to
yeelde
as
Cowards
and
run-awaies
,
but
with
manlie
courage
,
and
with
much
slaughter
,
they
stoode
out
in
fight
to
the
verie
vtmost
man
;
somewhiles
putting
their
enemies
to
the
worst
,
and
suddainelie
againe
on
the
contrary
,
themselues
receiuing
the
like
from
their
enemies
:
so
that
they
were
not
ouercome
through
their
owne
darstardy
,
and
want
of
manly
resolution
,
but
by
the
aduerse
frowne
of
Fortuue
,
became
slaues
and
captiues
euen
to
their
enemies
.
In
the
beginning
of
these
Warres
,
euen
those
aides
and
asistances
which
they
ought
to
haue
receiued
from
their
owne
fellowes
and
associates
,
and
in
which
they
for
the
most
part
trusted
and
relyed
,
gaue
them
the
slip
,
and
in
the
time
of
most
neede
,
vt●erly
forsooke
them
(
as
by
many
examples
is
most
euidently
to
be
perceiued
,
that
where
Fortune
bends
the
brow
,
or
hideth
her
fauour
,
there
the
strength
and
trust
of
men
,
doth
withdraw
and
quite
forsake
vs
.
Thus
Alcybiades
set
on
fire
all
these
Warres
,
that
were
with
such
violence
prosecuted
against
his
owne
Countrey
,
adding
thereunto
all
such
strengthe
as
in
his
power
was
possible
to
bee
gathered
,
which
was
not
to
be
accounted
vnto
him
as
the
aide
of
a
common
mercinary
Souldier●
but
as
a
greate
Chiefetaine
,
and
as
a
most
puissante
commaunder
:
For
first
,
he
tooke
along
with
him
ten
saile
of
shippes
,
and
sailed
into
Asia
;
and
being
there
safly
ariued
,
by
the
authoritie
both
of
his
place
and
name
,
he
compelled
all
such
Citties
as
were
at
that
time
tributary
vnto
the
Athenians
,
to
turne
all
their
succor
and
strength
vnto
the
aide
and
furtherance
of
the
Lacedemonians
:
for
being
well
assured
that
he
was
a
man
of
great
power
and
commaund
at
home
in
his
owne
country
,
they
therefore
resolued
that
he
could
still
be
nothing
lesse
,
although
he
remained
as
a
banished
person
:
Also
they
thoght
not
so
basely
of
him
,
being
thrown
out
from
amongst
the
Athenians
,
as
they
esteemed
and
accounted
him
being
receiued
as
a
Captaine
amongst
the
Lacedemonians
:
and
in
fine
,
they
esteemed
better
of
him
in
his
new
receiued
commaund
amongst
the
Lacedemonians
,
then
of
his
abiect
forsaking
amongst
the
Athenians
.
Thus
when
Alcibiades
had
fastned
himselfe
amongst
the
Lacedemonians
,
by
reason
of
his
forwardnes
and
stout
valour
,
he
raised
vp
vnto
himselfe
more
enuy
and
hartburning
on
the
one
partie
,
then
praise
and
thankes
on
the
other
:
wherevpon
the
Princes
by
a
generall
consent
,
laide
all
the
waite
they
could
possible
,
how
they
might
take
away
his
life
:
either
by
treason
to
be
falsified
against
him
,
or
by
any
other
extraordinare
plot
,
to
bring
him
to
his
end
.
This
muttring
and
deuising
amongst
the
princes
came
vnto
the
eare
of
Alcibiades
(
onely
by
the
wife
ol
king
Agis
,
with
whom
he
had
committed
adultry
)
and
therefore
secretly
,
and
as
suddenly
as
he
could
,
he
fled
vnto
Tissaphernes
,
King
Darius
his
lieutenaunt
,
with
whom
by
his
courteous
and
lowly
behauiour
he
in-linked
himself
in
such
great
friendship
(
for
he
was
now
in
the
pride
of
his
yeares
,
and
for
beautie
,
personage
,
and
eloquence
,
among
all
the
Athenians
was
not
one
to
be
found
,
that
might
iustly
be
accounted
his
equall
)
he
The
description
of
alcibiades
.
was
more
ready
to
winne
friendship
,
then
hauing
woon
it
,
to
keepe
and
preserue
the
same
:
because
all
his
euill
,
was
still
masked
vnder
a
faire
,
smooth
,
and
deceitfull
tongue
,
and
shadowed
and
set
out
by
the
gift
of
excellent
eloquence
:
he
therefore
so
subtily
and
politickely
wrought
with
Tyssaphernes
,
that
he
wished
and
aduised
by
this
his
dissembling
counsell
,
that
Tissaphernes
His
subtile
councell
to
Tyslashernes
to
win
credit
should
plucke
backe
and
shorten
the
wages
,
and
allowance
of
victuals
,
which
was
appointed
vnto
the
Lacedemonians
,
and
also
that
the
Ionians
should
be
called
vpon
,
and
forced
to
beare
a
part
of
that
great
charge
that
had
bene
disburssed
,
and
for
whose
libertie
(
when
they
paide
tribute
vnto
the
Athenians
)
these
warres
were
first
vndertaken
.
Moreouer
that
the
Lacedemonians
ought
not
to
receiue
so
much
help
as
they
had
,
considering
that
he
prepared
for
another
mans
victory
and
not
his
owne
,
therefore
ought
in
right
to
be
maintained
in
such
sort
,
that
they
might
not
breake
off
for
want
of
things
necessary
:
for
as
long
as
the
Greekes
were
at
His
reasons
vsed
to
perswade
Tyssaphernes
.
debate
amongst
themselues
,
the
king
of
Persia
had
the
law
in
his
owne
hands
,
to
make
either
Warres
,
or
peace
,
euen
as
he
listed
:
and
at
last
they
might
be
ouerthrowne
and
ouercome
with
their
strengthes
and
powers
,
whome
by
al
the
forces
himfelfe
could
make
,
was
not
able
to
offer
them
the
least
measure
of
iniury
:
And
assoone
as
the
warre
should
end
(
which
side
soeuer
got
the
conquest
or
victory
)
he
should
still
bee
compelled
to
maintaine
warres
with
the
Conqueror
:
and
therefore
was
Greece
fusfred
to
consume
it selfe
at
home
in
Ciuill
warres
,
that
all
opportunity
and
leisure
might
be
taken
away
from
them
,
that
they
should
not
looke
out
abroad
for
the
inuasion
of
forren
Dominions
.
For
the
better
performance
wherof
,
each
party
was
to
be
maintained
in
equall
strength
to
match
the
aduersary
:
and
the
weaker
was
stil
to
be
strengthned
with
fresh
supplies
,
and
new
succours
;
for
it
coulde
no
way
be
thought
that
the
Lacedemonians
could
long
continue
in
rest
,
if
once
they
got
the
vpper
hand
,
considering
that
they
had
now
already
made
open
proclamation
,
that
they
only
were
the
sole
defenders
of
the
safety
&
liberties
of
Greece
.
This
Oration
of
his
pleased
Tyssaphernes
wondrous
well
,
and
presently
began
to
put
in
practise
whatsoeuer
he
had
vttered
vnto
him
:
whereupon
he
T●ssaphernes
cunningly
d●ceiued
by
Alcibiad●s
.
first
began
to
cut
short
all
their
wonted
liberall
allowances
;
next
he
with-helde
some
part
of
the
kings
fleet
,
fearing
least
he
should
either
giue
vnto
them
a
very
speedy
victory
,
or
else
constraine
them
too
suddainely
to
breake
vp
and
giue
an
end
vnto
these
long
continued
warres
.
These
things
comming
thus
to
passe
by
the
craft
and
subtlety
of
Alcibiades
,
he
then
began
to
worke
a
new
plot
for
the
good
of
his
owne
Countreymen
the
Athenians
Wherupon
shortly
after
was
sent
vnto
him
certaine
Ambassadors
from
Athens
,
vnto
whome
he
made
this
promise
,
to
regaine
vnto
them
the
fauour
and
good
liking
of
the
king
,
if
so
be
that
the
whole
gouernement
of
the
Common-wealth
,
might
be
remoued
from
amongst
the
vulgar
people
,
into
the
handes
and
iurisdiction
of
the
Senators
:
hoping
thereby
also
,
that
if
the
Citty
agreed
well
,
he
himselfe
should
be
chosen
chiefe
regent
and
commaunder
os
the
warre
,
by
the
whole
and
general
consent
:
or
if
at
leastwise
there
shovld
arise
any
dissention
amongst
them
,
or
betweene
the
two
estates
,
he
shoulde
be
called
to
the
aide
and
helpe
of
the
one
of
them
.
This
something
troubled
the
Athenians
,
especially
seeing
the
danger
of
warre
that
they
were
wrapped
into
,
and
therefore
tooke
more
respect
to
their
safety
,
then
care
of
their
honour
,
and
with
generall
applause
and
good
will
of
the
people
,
the
gouernment
of
the
common-wealth
was
wholy
committed
into
the
hands
of
the
Senators
:
when
they
had
gotten
all
into
their
owne
direction
,
(
through
a
naturall
pride
that
lies
engraffed
in
that
high
estate
)
they
dealte
exceeding
cruelly
wi●h
the
people
,
and
euery
man
tooke
vpon
him
as
if
he
had
bin
Lord
ouer
them
:
which
vsage
gaue
scope
vnto
the
souldiers
to
call
home
again
vnto
Alcibiades
c●lled
home
,
and
made
Lieutenant
generalm
the
wara●s
.
their
aide
the
long
banished
Alcybyades
,
who
being
come
amongst
them
,
they
made
Admyrall
of
the
Sea
:
vpon
which
he
immediately
sent
word
vnto
Athens
,
that
he
would
presently
come
thither
with
all
his
hoast
,
and
take
the
gouernment
out
of
the
foure
hundred
Senators
hands
(
euen
by
violence
)
vnlesse
they
wold
willingly
make
surrender
therof
vnto
him
of
their
own
acord
.
This
his
message
troubled
all
the
chiefe
and
great
men
of
the
Citty
exceedingly
,
insomuch
that
they
attempted
to
betray
the
towne
vnto
the
Lacedemonians
,
but
perceiuing
that
they
could
not
bring
their
purposes
to
passe
,
they
voluntarily
and
willingly
forsooke
their
Countrey
,
and
were
content
to
be
accounted
as
banished
persons
.
Thus
when
Alcybiades
had
freed
his
country
from
homebred
iarres
,
he
furnished
a
fresh
Nauy
of
ships
,
with
all
the
hast
he
could
possible
,
and
directed
all
his
forces
against
the
Lacedemoni●ns
.
There
was
already
in
prepared
readinesse
to
waite
his
comming
,
two
worthy
Captaines
of
the
Lacedemonians
,
(
the
name
of
one
was
Myndarus
,
the
other
Pharnabazus
,
)
whereupon
these
two
great
Armies
ioyned
battaile
,
in
most
fierce
and
eager
fight
,
but
in
conclusion
the
victory
fell
vpon
the
Athenians
.
Albiciades
ouercómeth
the
Atheniins
.
In
which
conflict
,
the
greater
part
of
the
armye
(
especially
of
their
chosen
men
and
Captaines
)
were
put
to
the
sword
,
and
fourescore
saile
of
the
enemies
shipps
were
also
taken
.
After
within
a
few
daies
,
the
Lacedemonians
,
remoued
from
the
Sea
to
land
,
where
they
receiued
a
far
more
greater
spoile
then
euer
before
:
through
which
discomfiture
,
they
were
greatlie
perplexed
,
and
in
time
were
forced
to
make
a
long
and
●edious
sute
that
a
peace
might
be
concluded
betweene
them
:
This
petition
was
hindred
by
those
who
made
gaine
by
the
warre
,
and
in
the
end
could
not
be
attained
:
In
the
meane
season
the
Carthagynenses
made
warres
in
Sycylly
,
whereby
the
Syracusanes
were
forced
to
call
home
all
their
forces
that
were
abroad
to
defend
their
owne
territories
;
so
that
the
Lacedemonians
being
vtterly
bereft
of
al
their
aides
&
succors
,
Aleybiades
with
his
victorious
nauy
,
wasting
and
forraging
al
the
coastes
of
Asya
,
was
bid
batel
in
many
places
where
hee
came
,
yet
euery
where
he
got
the
victory
,
and
recouered
backe
againe
all
those
Citties
which
before
had
reuolted
;
adding
vnto
his
conquests
some
new
places
,
which
before
time
they
neuer
Albiciade
;
triumphantly
receiued
home
.
were
possessed
of
;
recouered
all
the
ancient
demaines
of
the
Athenians
,
increased
his
renowne
,
both
by
Sea
and
land
,
and
lastly
returned
home
to
Athens
amongst
his
owne
Cittizens
in
great
ioy
and
triumph
.
Amongst
all
these
battailes
and
bickerings
were
taken
and
put
to
flight
of
the
enemy
,
two
hundred
sayle
of
ships
,
besides
a
mighty
great
spoile
:
At
the
returne
home
of
this
triumphant
Conqueror
,
all
the
people
of
the
Citty
came
out
by
heapes
,
rendring
aboundant
of
prayses
euen
vnto
euery
common
soldier
:
but
vpon
Alcibiades
they
threw
down
a
wonderment
of
welcoms
,
insomuch
they
were
neuer
satisfied
enough
with
the
sight
of
his
person
,
but
euen
if
it
were
possible
●dored
him
as
he
had
beene
a
God
amongst
them
,
or
as
if
he
had
beene
victory
it selfe
:
Vpon
this
,
they
highly
extolled
and
praised
him
,
for
the
memorable
and
famous
actes
that
he
had
done
for
the
principall
good
of
his
country
,
no
lesse
did
they
maintain
&
vphold
those
things
he
did
against
the
same
,
in
the
time
of
his
banishment
;
making
excuse
for
him
themselues
,
as
that
what
he
had
done
,
proceeded
forth
of
anger
and
impatience
,
as
also
that
he
was
prouoked
and
vrged
thereunto
.
It
is
a
wonder
to
behold
,
that
in
one
man
should
appeare
so
many
tokens
of
valour
,
as
first
to
be
the
ouerthrow
of
so
mighty
a
kingdome
:
next
of
the
setting
Albiciades
se●●eth
vp
and
pulleth
downc
.
vp
&
revniting
again
of
the
same
:
Againe
,
that
whersoeuer
he
tooke
part
,
victory
was
euermore
attendant
vppon
his
actions
;
which
was
the
onely
cause
they
honored
him
aboue
men
,
and
little
lesse
than
a
God
,
they
were
driuen
into
a
debatiue
meditation
,
whether
they
offered
him
more
wrong
in
his
banishment
,
or
more
honnor
in
calling
him
home
:
They
also
brought
the
same
priests
and
Gods
that
before
had
cursed
him
in
banishment
,
to
giue
vnto
him
all
glory
and
ioy
at
his
welcome
home
againe
:
and
they
that
of
late
had
denied
him
all
mans
help
,
now
if
it
were
possible
would
aduance
him
vnto
heauen
:
finally
they
generally
recompenced
his
despite
,
with
honor
,
his
wrongs
,
with
rewards
,
and
his
cursings
with
blessings
.
Now
was
no
more
whisperings
amongst
them
of
the
battels
,
that
he
lost
at
Sicilly
,
but
all
places
were
filled
with
his
victories
gotten
in
Greece
:
there
was
no
speeches
what
ships
he
had
lost
,
but
euery
one
could
tell
what
ships
he
had
taken
from
the
enimies
:
now
were
the
Syracusans
clean
forgotten
and
cast
out
of
memory
,
and
no
other
triumphes
but
of
his
conquests
,
throughout
all
Ionia
and
Hellespont
.
And
thus
in
these
extreames
passed
he
his
whole
course
of
life
amongst
his
Countrymen
,
either
meanly
and
basely
abiccted
and
thrown
downe
;
hated
,
or
else
highly
honoured
;
admired
,
and
in
manner
worshipped
as
a
God
amongst
them
.
During
the
time
these
triumphes
had
their
courses
,
there
was
one
Lysander
made
Captaine
generall
amongst
the
Lacedemonians
,
both
at
Lande
and
Lylandet
made
captaine
ge●eral
Sea
:
And
in
the
place
of
Tessaphernes
,
Darius
the
king
of
the
Persyans
,
made
one
of
his
sonnes
called
Cyrus
Lieutenant
generall
of
Ionia
and
Lydia
,
who
gaue
vnto
the
Lacedemonians
such
plenty
of
aide
,
both
by
men
and
money
,
that
he
put
them
thereby
in
good
hope
,
that
they
should
yet
once
againe
recouer
their
former
estate
:
wherfore
being
thus
increased
in
strength
,
and
hearing
,
that
Alcibiades
was
gone
into
Asya
with
a
great
Nauy
of
aboue
one
hundred
saile
of
ships
,
they
made
hast
and
followed
after
him
,
and
whilst
he
was
in
forraging
and
spoile
of
the
Countrey
,
(
which
was
growne
exceeding
rich
by
reason
of
their
long
continued
peace
)
taking
little
or
no
regarde
to
his
souldiers
,
but
for
a
little
couetise
,
suffred
them
to
scatter
and
disperse
themselues
vp
and
downe
where
themselues
liked
best
for
boote
,
euen
as
if
they
had
bin
secure
from
all
feare
:
whereupon
the
enimy
taking
them
at
that
aduantage
,
suddenly
set
vpon
them
,
and
made
so
great
a
slaughter
amongst
them
,
(
being
Ouersight
in
Comanders
dangerous
so
scattered
and
disioynd
)
that
the
Athenians
receiued
more
losse
in
this
one
so
sudden
action
,
then
they
had
won
from
their
enemies
in
all
the
battels
before
:
whereby
they
were
brought
into
so
great
desperation
,
that
foorthwith
,
without
any
stay
they
turnd
away
Alcibiades
,
and
chose
one
Conon
in
his
place
to
be
their
Captaine
and
commaunder
:
falsely
immagining
that
they
receiued
not
this
ill
successe
,
by
fortune
or
the
chaunce
of
warre
,
but
through
the
former
treason
of
their
Captaine
,
newly
reuiuing
their
olde
displeasures
against
him
,
rather
then
all
the
benefites
which
they
had
receiued
from
him
:
And
that
he
ouercame
his
enimies
in
all
the
former
battailes
,
but
only
to
win
vnto
himselfe
a
name
,
and
giue
them
a
taste
what
a
worthy
commander
they
refused
,
and
so
to
make
them
pay
a
deerer
price
for
the
victory
:
and
to
speake
truth
of
him
,
Alcibiades
was
of
so
subtile
and
politicke
a
reach
,
and
was
withall
so
farre
ingaged
with
a
loose
and
vicious
life
,
that
it
was
very
suspicious
that
he
had
such
or
the
like
intent
as
they
surmised
against
him
,
wherefore
fearing
the
rage
and
displeasure
of
the
people
,
out
of
his
owne
voluntary
disposition
,
●ommitted
himselfe
the
second
time
againe
to
banishment
,
He
being
thus
shut
forth
from
amongst
them
,
●onon
was
next
to
follow
in
Alcibiades
the
second
time
banished
.
his
charge
,
who
hauing
had
before
him
such
a
worthy
leader
,
and
calling
to
his
remembrance
who
it
was
that
hee
succeeded
,
with
al
dilligence
and
warinesse
he
furnished
vp
his
Nauy
to
the
sea
:
which
hauing
thus
put
all
things
in
readines
,
there
wanted
men
and
munition
to
furnish
foorth
these
ships
,
for
their
stoutest
and
strongest
men
were
lost
in
the
forraging
of
Asya
:
at
last
what
with
old
men
,
on
the
one
side
,
and
beardles
boyes
on
the
other
,
they
filled
vp
againe
the
number
of
Souldiers
,
though
it
were
a
very
little
strength
vnto
the
hoast
,
neither
feared
they
to
encounter
with
their
enemies
,
although
like
weake
and
vnskilfull
souldiers
,
they
were
euery
where
beaten
downe
,
or
else
forced
to
betake
themselues
vnto
their
heeles
:
Amongst
whom
there
befell
so
great
a
desolation
(
what
of
them
that
were
slaine
,
and
them
that
were
Great
slaughter
amongst
the
Athenians
taken
)
that
not
onely
the
Empire
,
but
euen
the
very
name
of
the
Athenians
,
seemed
in
a
manner
to
be
extinct
and
cleane
worne
out
of
memory
.
By
this
ouerthrow
,
they
were
brought
vnto
so
low
an
estate
,
and
were
so
neerely
pillaged
,
by
reason
that
their
men
that
were
seruic
cable
for
the
warres
,
were
so
extreamely
wasted
and
spent
,
that
they
were
forced
to
deuise
and
let
out
their
Citty
vnto
strangers
;
to
set
their
bond
men
at
liberty
;
to
giue
pardon
to
all
such
as
were
condemned
by
the
law
to
die
:
And
so
by
such
meanes
gathering
togither
a
rout
of
rascall
out-casts
,
wher
with
their
armi●s
were
filled
vp
,
(
they
which
but
euen
now
were
Lords
and
principall
commaunders
of
all
Greece
)
were
now
scarcely
able
to
vphold
and
maintaine
their
own
liberties
.
All
this
not
withstanding
,
they
still
retained
proud
harts
within
them
,
and
as
it
were
scorned
the
vtmost
frowne
of
fortune
:
in
so
much
that
they
resolued
once
more
to
venture
all
at
one
chance
,
and
set
all
their
fortunes
vpon
one
hazzard
by
Sea
:
and
where
as
but
euen
a
little
before
,
they
were
in
vtter
despaire
The
Atheniaus
resolute
.
of
keeping
their
owne
in
safety
,
they
now
plunged
themselues
into
a
vaine
hope
that
they
should
get
the
victory
:
But
it
lay
not
in
the
power
of
souldiers
to
vphold
the
honour
of
Athens
,
neither
was
it
that
power
wherewith
they
were
wontto
giue
the
ouerthrow
vnto
their
enemies
(
and
as
for
their
late
company
of
rascality
who
neuer
spent
their
time
in
practise
of
military
discipline
,
but
wasted
most
part
of
their
daies
in
prison
and
not
in
the
campe
,
)
wherefore
what
through
their
pride
on
the
one
side
,
and
their
want
of
men
of
corage
and
tryed
experience
on
the
other
side
,
they
were
all
either
slaine
,
by
the
sword
,
or
taken
prisoners
:
As
for
Conon
their
Captaine
,
he
all
alone
made
a
fearefull
slight
out
of
the
battaile
,
and
fearing
the
cruelty
of
his
owne
Countrymen
,
took
along
with
him
eight
saile
of
ships
;
taking
his
direct
course
Conon
slyeth
,
with
certaine
ships
in
to
Cyprus
.
to
Euagor
as
the
king
of
Cyprus
.
Thus
the
Captaine
of
the
Lacedemonians
hauing
gotten
a
prosperous
victory
,
proudly
insulted
ouer
the
great
aduersity
that
his
enemies
were
fallen
into
:
and
in
great
pomp
and
triumphs
sent
al
such
shipping
and
other
spoiles
as
he
had
gotten
home
to
Lacedemon
,
and
made
a
composition
vpon
certaine
Articles
,
with
all
those
Citties
that
were
tributary
vnto
the
Athenians
,
and
as
yet
continued
their
obedience
,
because
they
were
not
fully
resolued
to
what
issue
the
warres
would
come
leauing
not
any
thing
vnder
the
possession
of
the
Athenians
,
saue
onely
their
bare
citty
.
When
these
ill
tidings
began
to
be
spred
at
Athens
,
all
the
inhabitants
,
as
people
amazed
forsooke
their
houses
,
running
vp
and
downe
the
citty
,
demaunding
of
one
another
what
newes
abroad
,
diligently
making
searche
for
him
that
brought
the
first
report
hereof
:
I
say
none
(
from
the
infant
to
the
old
man
)
had
the
power
to
keepe
within
their
owne
houses
,
the
very
extreamity
of
griefe
,
did
so
oppresse
and
trouble
them
:
but
neither
children
,
who
want
discretion
,
nor
old
men
,
who
want
strength
,
nor
the
women
,
who
are
weake
by
nature
,
but
they
altogether
pertake
in
this
their
sadde
and
hopelesse
desolation
.
Moreouer
they
made
many
meetings
in
the
common
market
places
,
and
there
would
spend
whole
nights
in
reuiuing
their
common
misfortunes
with
wofull
mourninges
.
Some
bewailed
the
losse
of
brethren
,
some
the
want
of
The
horror
of
desolation
sonnes
,
some
the
lacke
offathers
,
some
the
misfortune
of
kindred
,
other
some
for
those
that
were
neerest
vnto
them
,
and
generally
all
bewailed
their
common
misfortunes
:
now
was
nothing
to
be
expected
but
shipwracke
both
of
themselues
and
Countrey
,
accounting
those
that
were
aliue
in
farre
worse
case
then
those
that
were
departed
.
Now
coulde
they
fixe
the
eyes
of
their
minds
vpon
nothing
but
terrour
;
as
hunger
,
besiedgment
,
and
what
was
worst
that
they
were
vnder
the
hands
of
their
enemies
,
whoe
might
worke
his
pleasure
vpon
them
:
This
also
brought
into
their
remembrance
the
ouerthrowe
and
burning
of
their
Citty
,
the
captiuity
of
their
bodies
,
and
the
most
miserable
slauery
that
was
fallen
vpon
them
:
accounting
the
first
ouerthrow
of
their
Citty
by
the
Persians
an
happye
chance
vnto
them
,
in
comparison
of
this
,
in
the
which
they
had
their
wiues
,
children
,
parentes
,
and
kinsfolkes
remaining
still
in
safety
,
neither
lost
they
any
thing
saue
onely
their
houses
:
but
now
on
the
contrary
,
they
were
quite
dispoiled
of
all
manner
succor
and
refuge
,
not
hauing
left
them
so
much
as
one
ship
to
fly
vnto
for
succour
,
as
before
they
might
haue
done
,
and
by
whose
helpes
they
might
haue
bene
the
better
defended
,
vntill
they
had
bene
able
to
haue
newly
reedified
and
builded
vp
again
their
Citty
.
Whilst
they
were
thus
in
the
middest
of
their
mournings
and
Lamentes
,
Athens
again
besieged
their
enemies
came
vpon
them
,
and
so
sharpely
begirte
them
on
euery
side
by
besiedging
them
,
that
they
constrained
them
to
abide
much
hunger
,
for
want
of
victuals
:
for
they
knew
well
inough
that
ther
was
no
great
number
of
souldiers
left
aliue
within
the
towne
,
and
without
they
so
beleagred
and
stopped
all
the
passages
,
that
it
was
not
possible
for
them
to
receiue
or
looke
for
any
helpe
or
fresh
succors
to
come
vnto
them
:
By
all
which
inconueniences
ioyned
togither
,
the
Athenians
were
brought
into
so
great
extreamitie
,
partly
by
famine
,
and
partly
by
the
pestilence
,
that
they
desired
peace
.
Hereupon
grew
a
long
debating
betweene
the
Lacedemonians
,
and
other
their
adherents
,
whether
it
were
necessary
to
be
granted
or
no
:
At
last
they
came
vnto
diuers
censures
vppon
the
matter
;
where
some
were
of
opinion
,
and
thereunto
aduised
that
the
name
of
the
Athenians
should
be
vtterly
rooted
out
,
and
burne
the
Citty
downe
to
the
ground
:
but
hereunto
the
Spartans
would
in
no
wise
condiscend
and
agree
,
seeing
that
the
Greeks
hauing
but
only
two
eies
,
one
of
them
shoulde
be
put
out
:
So
that
in
conclusion
they
granted
them
a
peace
vpon
these
condition
.
First
that
they
should
cast
downe
all
the
Peace
granted
the
A
the
nians
vpon
condition
.
Armes
of
those
walles
,
that
stretched
themselues
towards
the
hauen
of
Pireum
.
Secondly
,
that
they
should
deliuer
vp
al
their
ships
and
shipping
that
they
had
yet
left
.
Thirdly
,
that
they
should
receiue
from
them
xxx
.
Rulers
to
gouerne
and
guide
their
commonwealth
.
Vpon
these
Articles
the
Citty
was
yeelded
vp
vnto
the
Lacedemonians
,
who
committed
the
whole
course
and
managing
thereof
vnto
the
discretion
of
Lysander
.
In
this
yeare
fell
out
many
things
that
are
worthy
to
be
committed
to
lasting
memory
:
as
first
the
vtter
subuersion
of
Athens
,
next
the
death
of
I●
was
400.
v●●r●s
before
Christ
,
as
〈◊〉
affirm●th
.
Darius
great
king
of
Persia
,
as
also
the
banishment
of
[
](A13980-e15680-b)*
*
The
yonger
Dyonise
,
of
whom
see
more
in
the
21.
Brooke
.
Dionisius
the
extreame
Tirant
of
Sicilly
.
Thus
when
the
estate
of
Athens
was
thus
mangled
and
altred
,
the
people
were
altred
also
with
the
state
:
for
those
thirty
Rulers
that
were
appointed
ouer
the
Common-wealth
,
fell
into
extreame
tyrrany
,
for
at
their
first
entrance
,
they
chose
vnto
them
for
their
guard
the
number
of
three
thousand
men
,
whereas
all
the
citty
beside
was
not
able
to
make
as
many
more
,
they
had
bene
so
consumed
and
eaten
vp
with
the
warres
.
But
being
not
satisfied
nor
yet
contented
,
fearing
that
their
band
of
men
were
yet
too
weake
to
keepe
and
maintaine
their
citty
in
an
awfull
and
slauish
feare
,
they
borrowed
seuen
or
eight
hundred
Souldiers
out
of
the
Conquerours
campe
.
Hauing
thus
strengthned
themselues
,
they
began
to
make
slaughter
vppon
the
Cittizens
of
Athens
,
beginning
first
of
all
with
Alcibiades
,
putting
him
first
to
death
,
least
vnder
pretence
of
restoring
them
againe
toliberty
,
he
might
inuade
the
common-wealth
:
For
it
was
secretly
come
vnto
their
care
,
that
he
was
making
out
towarde
Artaxerxes
,
King
of
,
Persia
,
(
wherefore
they
sent
out
certaine
poastes
after
him
,
to
cut
him
off
in
the
midst
of
his
iourney
,
if
any
way
could
be
found
:
at
last
it
was
their
happe
to
ouertake
him
,
but
seeing
they
could
not
easily
put
him
openly
to
death
,
they
set
fire
on
the
chamber
wherein
he
lay
,
and
so
in
the
dead
of
his
sleepe
burnt
him
quicke
.
Alcibiades
burnt
in
his
bed
.
Thus
was
the
Tyrantes
deliuered
from
the
feare
they
stoode
in
of
this
couragious
reuenger
,
and
now
they
thought
themselues
free
to
worke
any
violence
vpon
the
rest
of
those
weake
inhabitants
,
as
slaughter
,
extortion
,
rauishments
,
or
whatsoeuer
spoile
they
could
inflict
vpon
those
miserable
,
vile
and
most
wretched
out-castes
that
were
yet
remaining
aliue
,
eyther
in
the
citty
,
or
in
any
other
place
neere
thereunto
adioyning
,
where
their
auethority
might
find
them
out
.
But
when
they
perceiued
that
their
cruelty
was
repined
at
amongst
The
cruelty
of
these
Tyrants
.
them
,
(
especially
by
one
whose
name
was
Theramenes
,
)
they
to
the
greater
terror
of
all
the
rest
,
put
him
to
a
most
vile
and
slauish
death
,
so
that
happy
was
he
that
coulde
first
rid
himselfe
out
of
the
citty
:
insomuch
that
all
Greece
was
full
of
the
banished
Athenians
,
and
yet
longe
endured
not
this
poore
refuge
for
these
poore
wretches
:
For
the
Laeedemonians
the
more
to
encrease
their
misery
,
gaue
out
a
straight
edict
and
proclamation
that
not
one
citty
shoulde
dare
to
be
so
hardy
as
to
receiue
so
much
as
one
person
of
the
Athenians
.
At
last
they
withdrewe
themselues
vnto
a
place
called
Argus
and
The●es
,
where
they
liued
in
great
daunger
during
all
the
time
of
their
exile
,
but
yet
they
had
this
comfort
,
that
they
should
yet
once
againe
recouer
their
countrey
.
And
to
strengthen
these
their
weake
hopes
there
was
amongst
these
banished
men
,
one
Thrasibulus
,
a
very
goodly
man
,
stoutand
The
exceeding
loue
of
Thrasibulus
to
his
Countrey
.
coragious
(
and
what
was
more
,
one
who
came
of
a
noble
stock
and
kindred
)
this
man
thinking
himselfe
bound
vnto
the
good
of
his
country
,
although
it
were
with
the
hazzard
of
his
life
,
aduentured
and
assembled
togither
all
these
his
b●ni●hed
countrymen
,
and
tooke
the
Castle
of
Phyle
,
within
the
territories
of
Athens
:
for
they
had
much
furtherance
of
other
Citties
,
that
pittied
their
miserable
and
wretched
estate
:
Amongst
the
rest
Ismenias
prince
of
the
Thebanes
,
though
he
durst
not
make
open
show
of
any
succour
or
aide
towards
them
by
the
power
of
his
Countrey
,
yet
he
spated
neither
Gold
nor
treasure
,
such
as
he
had
vnder
his
owne
possession
:
Also
one
Lysias
an
O●ator
,
of
Siracusa
,
(
being
●t
that
very
instant
a
banished
man
)
sent
vnto
them
fiue
hundred
The
kindnes
of
Libas
.
souldiers
well
appointed
at
his
owne
charge
,
to
the
further
aide
of
these
his
sad
and
heauy
Countreymen
These
forces
being
all
combined
together
,
recomforted
their
harts
exceedingly
,
and
herupon
began
a
very
fierce
encounter
on
both
sides
(
inasmuch
as
the
one
part
foug●t
in
earnest
,
for
the
recouery
of
their
Couhtrey
,
and
the
other
part
as
carelesly
for
the
maintenance
of
further
Tyranny
)
the
Tyrantes
were
put
vnto
the
worst
,
and
making
their
retire
into
the
City
,
which
they
had
already
in
maner
wasted
with
slaughter
&
spoiles
,
they
began
to
hold
all
the
Athenians
in
Ielousie
of
treason
,
wherfore
they
put
them
all
out
of
the
citty
,
&
made
them
to
inhabite
in
the
decayed
places
thereof
,
and
intertained
newe
Faithfulnesse
no
way
to
be
corrupted
.
forren
souldiers
into
their
seruice
,
thinking
hereby
to
maintaine
and
vphold
their
former
superiority
ouer
them
.
After
,
they
went
about
to
try
if
they
could
any
way
corrupt
Thrasibulus
,
promising
to
make
him
a
fellow
equal
with
them
in
their
Empire
;
all
which
could
not
worke
their
policies
to
effect
;
which
they
perceiuing
,
sent
for
aide
vnto
the
Lacedemonians
,
the
which
they
suddainely
attained
,
and
then
made
a
new
encounter
vpon
their
enemies
:
In
which
Critios
,
and
Hyppom●chus
,
two
of
the
greatest
Tyrantes
amongst
them
al
,
were
slaine
,
the
residue
being
vanquished
and
ouercome
betooke
themselues
to
fl
ghr
.
Thrasibulus
Oratio●
t●
the
disti●ssed
Athenians
.
When
thus
their
Army
(
whereof
the
most
part
were
Athenians
,
)
were
making
away
by
flight
towards
the
Citty
,
Thrasibulus
,
cried
vnto
them
with
a
loud
voice
,
saying
:
Why
do
you
flie
away
from
me
(
ô
ye
Athenians
)
seeing
I
haue
ob●ained
the
victory
,
and
not
rather
stand
vnto
me
and
helpe
me
as
one
who
seeke
the
defence
of
you
all
:
wherewith
he
bad
them
also
call
vnto
their
remembrance
,
that
all
those
souldiers
which
were
vnder
his
conduct
,
were
of
their
owne
Cittizens
,
and
not
enimies
:
as
also
that
he
had
not
taken
weapons
in
hand
,
to
the
intent
anie
waie
to
wrong
them
,
or
to
take
anie
thinge
from
them
,
but
onelie
to
restore
vnto
them
all
such
things
as
had
by
violence
bene
pulled
from
them
by
others
;
assuring
them
vppon
his
honor
,
that
the
warre
which
he
had
vndergone
,
was
wholy
against
the
thirty
tyrants
,
and
in
no
case
against
the
Citty
.
Againe
,
I
intreat
you
to
call
to
your
remembrances
the
kindreds
,
the
lawes
,
the
rights
and
ceremonies
,
that
had
bene
in
common
amongst
them
.
as
also
the
true
fellowship
that
had
bene
among
them
,
in
so
many
battailes
in
times
past
,
all
which
things
being
wel
considered
of
you
,
I
pray
and
humbly
beseech
you
to
haue
pittie
vpon
your
poore
banished
Countreymen
:
and
if
you
your selues
can
be
so
hardy
and
resolute
to
beare
this
vnsufferable
yoke
of
bondage
with
patience
,
I
beseech
you
to
restore
vnto
vs
yet
our
country
,
and
I
wil
be
the
meanes
to
set
you
all
at
free
liberty
againe
.
By
this
his
long
and
perswasiue
Oratory
vnto
them
,
he
so
wrought
with
them
,
that
when
they
had
gotten
all
their
whole
power
into
the
cittie
,
they
compelled
the
thirty
Tyrants
out
to
Eleusis
,
and
in
their
places
they
elected
The
Tyrants
banished
out
of
Athens
.
only
ten
out
of
their
owne
choyse
,
who
should
gouern
and
rule
the
whole
Common-wealth
:
these
being
thus
seated
in
the
authority
of
their
predecessors
,
fell
into
the
same
cruelty
that
the
former
had
put
in
practise
.
These
things
being
this
come
about
,
tydings
was
brought
to
Lacedemon
that
the
Athenians
were
very
sharp
set
vpon
warres
:
which
to
the
intent
they
might
represse
and
keep
vnder
,
they
sent
vnto
their
king
(
named
Pausanias
)
who
taking
great
compassion
of
the
banished
people
,
restored
all
these
poore
decayed
Cittizens
home
vnto
their
owne
Country
againe
,
violently
throwing
out
those
other
last
ten
Tyrants
out
of
their
Cittye
:
forcing
them
to
the
former
place
called
Eleusis
,
amongst
the
rest
of
their
assocyats
.
By
these
meanes
they
began
in
some
good
measure
to
settle
themselues
in
peace
,
but
yet
within
some
short
time
after
,
these
Tyrants
(
disdaining
the
restitution
of
the
banished
Cittizens
,
as
they
repind
at
their
owne
downfal
,
euen
as
though
other
mens
liberty
had
beene
their
bondage
)
made
warres
vpon
the
Athenians
:
But
when
they
came
forth
to
parley
,
demaunding
their
former
rule
&
soueraigntie
again
,
they
were
by
pollicy
sodenly
taken
,
and
slaine
as
a
sacrifice
of
peace
:
then
were
the
people
,
which
they
had
expelled
out
of
the
Citty
,
Tyrany
iustly
punished
.
called
in
again
,
and
the
cittizens
which
by
this
meanes
were
distracted
diuersly
,
was
now
at
length
brought
into
one
body
againe
.
And
to
the
intent
no
dissention
might
grow
about
things
past
,
they
tooke
euery
man
his
corporall
oath
,
to
bury
vnder
foote
whatsoeuer
grudgings
had
risen
vp
amongst
them
.
The
athenians
againe
restored
.
Presently
after
,
the
Thebanes
and
Corinthians
sent
Ambassadors
vnto
the
Lacedemonians
,
making
demaund
of
their
shares
of
all
such
spoiles
and
preies
,
as
had
beene
taken
in
the
former
warres
;
as
well
that
they
might
haue
part
,
in
the
boote
,
as
to
beare
out
their
owne
charge
and
danger
:
but
the
Lacedemonians
returned
backe
vnto
them
a
flat
deniall
of
these
their
demands
,
wherevpon
they
presently
proclaymed
open
warres
against
them
:
but
they
did
not
presently
prosecute
the
same
warre
,
but
onely
bare
vnto
them
a
spightfull
grudge
in
their
harts
,
and
would
burst
forth
into
action
at
some
other
time
,
when
least
they
were
suspected
.
Much
about
this
time
,
Darius
king
of
Persia
dyed
,
leauing
behinde
him
two
sonnes
Artaxerxes
and
Cyrus
.
By
his
last
will
and
testament
,
bequeathed
vnto
The
death
of
Darius
the
Bast●rd
,
with
his
last
Will.
Artaxerxes
the
kingdome
and
vnto
Cyrus
he
bequeathed
al
such
citties
wherof
he
himself
was
at
that
time
sole
ruler
and
commaunder
.
But
Cyrus
thought
his
father
wronged
him
exceedingly
in
his
bequest
,
wherefore
he
very
priuily
prepared
and
made
warre
against
his
brother
.
Artaxerxes
hauing
knowledge
hereof
,
sent
for
him
,
and
not
regarding
his
counterfaite
pretence
of
innocency
,
as
that
he
purposed
no
such
matter
against
him
,
bound
him
in
fetters
of
gold
,
and
was
also
fully
determined
to
haue
put
him
to
death
,
had
not
his
mother
hindred
him
.
Cyrus
therefore
being
thus
set
at
liberty
,
did
not
as
before
make
warre
in
secrecye
but
openly
,
not
nowe
by
dissembled
shewes
,
but
open
defiance
;
so
that
he
gathered
vnto
him
much
aide
and
assistance
.
Amongst
the
rest
the
Lacedemonians
calling
to
remembrance
,
that
by
his
meanes
they
wer
greatly
strengthned
in
their
warres
against
the
Athenians
,
(
like
ignorant
men
,
not
knowing
against
whom
this
warre
was
intended
)
determined
to
send
all
the
aide
they
could
make
vnto
Cyrus
vpon
any
small
warning
giuen
,
seeking
both
for
thanks
at
the
hands
of
Cyrus
,
and
pardon
from
Artaxerxes
,
if
his
should
chance
to
be
the
victory
:
pleading
for
their
better
excuse
,
that
what
they
had
attempted
was
not
meant
against
him
openly
.
But
being
in
battell
,
such
was
the
euill
chance
,
that
the
two
brothers
met
together
,
and
in
the
encounter
Artaxerxes
was
wounded
very
sore
by
the
hands
of
Cyrus
,
but
by
the
swiftnesse
of
his
horse
he
was
deliuered
from
death
,
but
his
brother
Cyrus
was
Warres
betwixt
Cyrus
and
Artaxerxes
.
ouercome
by
the
kings
guard
,
and
presently
put
to
death
:
So
that
Artaxerxes
got
the
victory
and
spoile
ouer
his
brothers
warre
,
and
his
army
also
.
In
this
battell
were
ten
thousand
Greekes
that
came
to
the
aide
of
Cyrus
,
who
in
that
wing
where
they
were
placed
got
the
vpper
hand
,
and
after
the
death
of
Cyrus
could
neither
be
ouercome
by
so
great
an
host
of
men
,
nor
yet
be
intrapped
by
pollicy
:
But
in
their
returne
homward
,
they
defended
themselues
Cyrus
slaine
.
manfully
,
(
though
they
passed
by
many
nations
,
and
also
had
a
tedious
iourney
)
yet
at
last
they
safely
attained
vnto
the
borders
of
their
owne
Countrey
.
The
ende
of
the
fifth
Booke
.
THE
SIXT
BOOKE
of
Iustine
.
THE
ARGVMENT
.
THe
L●●e
lemonians
thirst
after
the
whole
Empire
of
Asia
.
Tissaphernes
put
by
the
office
of
Lieutenant
generall
.
Conon
of
Athens
made
Admirall
of
the
Persian
sleet
.
The
L●cedemonians
send
to
thEgyptians
for
ayde
.
Agesi●●●s
is
●mployed
against
Conon
.
Conon
ouercomm●th
Lysander
vpon
the
Sea.
Athe●●
〈◊〉
libertie
againe
.
Epaminondas
ouercommeth
the
Lacedemonians
,
and
putteth
Lysander
to
the
sword
.
Agesilaus
wres●eth
the
victory
from
the
The●●●●
.
The
Athenians
send
●phierates
with
an
hoast
to
the
ayde
of
the
Thebanes
.
The
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
broght
to
a
dangerous
straight
.
Conon
is
receiued
with
much
ioy
of
his
Cittizens
.
Athens
againe
newly
reedified
.
Artaxerxes
proclaimeth
a
generall
〈◊〉
throughout
all
Greece
,
and
setteth
all
the
Citties
at
liberty
.
He
maketh
warre
〈◊〉
the
Egyptians
.
Rome
taken
by
the
French-men
.
Warres
betweene
the
Lace
〈◊〉
an●
the
Archadians
,
at
last
they
fal
friends
out
of
a
voluntarie
consent
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
Duke
of
Thebes
inuadeth
Lace●emon
,
and
is
repelled
by
the
aged
&
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
●●countreth
him
.
Epaminondas
is
slaine
,
with
whome
died
〈◊〉
of
the
Gre●kes
.
WHen
the
Lacedemonians
had
conquered
the
Athenians
,
they
could
not
yet
rest
contented
,
although
they
wer
grown
to
great
power
and
strength
by
this
their
fortunate
〈…〉
.
succes
:
but
nowe
they
beganne
to
cast
about
h●●●
they
might
attaine
vnto
the
whole
Empire
of
Asia
(
the
greater
part
whereof
was
in
the
go●ernement
of
the
Persians
.
)
There
was
appointed
as
Lie●tenant
generall
of
these
warres
one
Dercillides
:
who
●he●
saw
,
that
he
m●st
o●pose
himselfe
against
two
other
woorthy
and
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
.
namely
Pharna●●zus
,
and
Tissap●ernes
,
which
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
vnto
Artaxerxes
,
and
e●ermore
had
in
a
read●nes
,
the
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
of
the
greatest
Nations
vnder
●he
sunne
,
at
their
f●ll
com●●●●
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
himselfe
how
he
might
worke
it
about
,
to
make
the
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
comma●●ders
,
his
friende
and
whether
of
their
friends●ip
〈◊〉
most
auaileable
for
his
intended
purposes
:
whereupon
he
concluded
within
himselfe
that
Tissaphernes
was
the
fittest
and
worthiest
person
to
make
peace
vnto
,
being
a
man
both
of
greater
experience
,
and
farre
more
couragious
and
actiue
in
military
discipline
then
the
other
,
as
also
that
he
was
better
furnished
with
companies
of
souldiers
,
for
he
had
all
those
forces
which
sometime
belonged
to
King
Cyprus
.
Some
short
time
after
upon
occasions
they
met
togither
,
where
after
much
communication
had
between
them
,
it
was
agreed
uppon
certaine
conditions
,
that
Tissaphernes
should
not
meddle
nor
be
seene
to
aduise
any
thing
at
that
time
in
these
warres
.
Whereupon
Pharnabazus
being
soone
displeased
hereat
,
made
a
uery
grieuous
complaint
unto
the
King
their
lord
and
Maister
,
declaring
all
the
manner
of
his
slacknesse
against
the
Lacedemonians
when
as
they
entred
into
Asia
,
nourishing
them
there
at
the
Kings
charge
,
and
further
that
hee
had
agreede
with
them
to
delay
the
Warres
,
Tyssaphe●nes
accused
to
the
●ing
.
which
they
had
in
hand
,
seeing
the
dammage
would
redound
vppon
the
whole
Empire
.
Also
hee
vrged
further
,
that
it
was
an
euill
president
,
that
the
vaarre
should
hang
,
and
not
go
thorough
,
but
lingered
still
along
,
as
if
the
enemy
were
well
bribed
with
money
,
when
as
indeed
it
were
meet
,
to
make
them
fly
by
force
of
Armes
.
When
he
had
done
this
complaint
and
brought
Tissaphernes
into
high
displeasure
with
the
King
,
he
gaue
him
counsell
to
remoue
him
from
being
high
Admiral
of
the
seas
,
&
in
his
place
to
cal
home
Conon
of
Athens
,
(
who
had
liued
as
an
exile
euer
since
the
conquest
of
his
country
)
and
make
him
admirall
.
For
although
the
Athenians
were
berest
of
power
and
riches
,
yet
their
experience
in
Nauigation
,
remained
within
them
vncontrolled
:
Moreouer
if
a
man
should
search
neuer
so
secretly
amongst
them
al
,
there
was
none
to
be
found
,
for
that
place
,
more
fit
then
Conon
.
Hereupon
Pharnabazus
hath
deliuered
vnto
him
fiue
hundred
talentes
of
siluer
,
with
full
commission
to
make
Conon
high
admirall
of
the
Kinges
fleet
.
But
when
the
Lacedemonians
had
gotten
intelligence
hereof
,
they
sent
Conon
made
Admirall
of
the
Persyan
Fleet.
presently
Ambassadors
vnto
the
King
of
Egipt
,
desiring
him
to
send
Hercimonius
,
with
a
sufficient
Nauy
of
ships
to
aid
them
against
their
enemies
:
Vpon
which
their
demaund
,
he
sent
them
as
hastily
as
they
coulde
,
a
hundred
Gallies
,
and
fiue
hundred
quarters
of
corne
,
and
other
Nations
their
wel-wishers
,
sent
them
mighty
succor
.
But
now
to
this
great
army
,
there
wanted
a
worthy
leader
:
wherfore
those
that
were
in
the
bands
of
frendship
with
the
Lacedemonians
;
requested
that
they
might
obtain
as
their
generall
Agesilaus
(
and
at
that
time
king
of
the
Lacedemonians
.
)
Heere-about
the
Lacedemonians
,
demurred
vpon
the
matter
a
long
space
,
whether
they
might
make
him
generall
or
not
,
by
reason
of
the
Oracle
at
Delphos
,
which
was
,
that
that
Empire
should
suddainely
ende
,
when
it
was
seene
,
that
the
Royall
estate
halted
(
for
indeed
Agesilaus
was
lame
in
one
of
his
feet
.
)
At
length
they
resolued
,
it
were
better
their
King
to
halt
in
his
going
,
them
the
kingdome
halt
for
want
of
a
sufficient
Gouernor
.
Hereupon
was
Agesilaus
sent
into
Asia
,
with
a
mighty
host
,
there
was
neuer
The
worthy
praises
of
Conon
and
Ages●aus
.
two
such
worthy
captaines
better
fitted
together
then
these
two
:
for
they
both
were
of
equal
years
;
alike
valiant
,
wise
,
honorable
,
and
pol●ticke
,
&
their
whole
gouernement
,
iumped
in
all
thinges
alike
:
Now
although
fortune
had
made
them
so
like
the
one
the
other
in
all
things
,
yet
she
still
so
preserued
them
in
all
their
enterprises
,
as
that
they
neuer
had
conquest
the
one
ouer
the
other
:
They
both
were
great
commaunders
in
the
warres
,
and
both
of
equall
spirits
in
all
attempts
:
But
as
for
Conon
,
his
souldiers
mutanized
much
against
him
,
for
that
the
kinges
Lieutenantes
in
former
times
,
were
accustomed
to
deale
very
wrongfully
with
their
souldiers
about
their
wages
,
abridging
and
cutting
shorte
much
of
that
allowance
which
The
soldi●rs
mut●●●ye
against
Conon
.
was
appointed
for
them
,
and
therefore
became
much
more
the
earnester
with
him
,
and
so
much
the
rather
in
that
they
tooke
vppon
them
,
such
a
peece
of
desperate
seruice
in
so
great
a
war
,
vnder
so
Noblea
commander
.
Now
had
Conon
beene
a
long
suter
vnto
the
king
by
his
Letters
,
but
could
neuer
receiue
satisfaction
for
his
long
labours
,
wheruppon
bethinking
with
himselfe
how
to
make
short
,
his
wearisome
trauailes
,
at
last
in
resolued
maner
,
went
vnto
the
king
in
person
:
when
he
was
come
into
the
kings
Court
,
hee
might
not
be
admitted
neither
to
the
presence
,
nor
speech
of
the
King
,
(
the
reason
was
)
because
he
would
not
worship
him
after
the
manner
of
the
Per●yans
:
Neuertheles
,
he
was
limited
to
entreate
with
the
King
by
certaine
Messengers
,
wherein
he
much
lamented
that
the
warres
of
so
mighty
and
rich
a
Prince
,
s●ould
be
hindered
and
slacked
,
onely
for
want
of
money
,
whereas
the
enemy
,
whose
army
coulde
no
way
exceed
theirs
,
had
money
in
great
aboundance
,
and
yet
your
Maiesty
hath
greater
aboundance
then
they
;
requesting
that
he
woulde
no
longer
be
found
weake
in
that
,
wherein
the
enemy
could
no
way
equall
him
.
And
to
this
ende
he
demaunded
the
disbursing
of
the
money
himselfe
,
accounting
it
daungerous
,
to
haue
the
dooinges
that
belonged
thereto
committed
in
to
many
mens
hands
:
So
at
last
hauing
obtained
all
his
requestes
,
and
the
treasure
also
,
he
immediately
without
any
further
stay
,
returned
backe
againe
to
his
owne
f●eet
,
and
setting
all
his
wits
on
worke
fel
closely
to
his
businesses
.
In
the
whole
course
and
carriage
of
his
life
,
manye
thinges
he
attempted
,
and
many
thinges
he
as
prosperously
atchiued
.
He
Conons
violence
vpon
●ern●ce
.
wasted
much
of
the
enemies
land
,
woon
many
of
their
Citties
,
and
euen
as
if
it
had
bene
a
violent
tempest
,
bore
downe
whatsoeuer
stoode
in
his
way
.
These
his
boisterous
proceedinges
,
brought
the
Lacedemonians
into
great
feare
,
whereupon
they
determined
to
call
home
again
Agesilaus
out
of
Asia
,
to
looke
vnto
the
defence
of
his
owne
countrey
.
In
the
meane
time
(
fearing
the
worst
)
Lysander
whome
Agesilaus
appointed
his
Vize-gerent
the
time
of
his
absence
,
assembled
a
great
Nauy
of
ships
,
and
furnished
them
with
all
the
power
they
were
able
to
make
,
purposing
if
occasion
offered
it self
to
try
their
fortunes
by
dint
of
sword
,
rather
then
to
yeeld
to
the
proudest
enemy
vnder
the
Sunne
.
Conon
all
this
while
was
making
all
things
in
readines
to
wage
battaile
with
his
enemy
(
but
forsomuch
as
this
was
the
first
time
that
euer
he
encountred
Conon●
forwardnesse
to
the
fight
.
with
so
great
a
power
)
it
stood
him
much
vpon
to
be
very
carefull
and
circumspect
in
the
ordering
and
appointing
out
of
his
men
,
for
there
was
not
onely
a
controuersie
amongest
the
Captaines
,
but
also
between
the
common
souldiers
,
and
Conon
being
chosen
captaine
ouer
all
,
was
as
carefull
for
the
Persyans
,
as
for
his
owne
Countrey
.
For
like
as
it
fared
with
the
Athenians
,
when
thy
were
vtterly
discomfited
,
he
was
one
of
the
only
men
that
sought
the
ouerthrow
of
their
Dominion
:
so
on
the
contrary
,
it
was
his
whole
desire
,
to
recouer
it
againe
,
and
now
at
last
to
set
vp
againe
his
country
by
the
victory
which
he
before
had
lost
being
ouercome
:
the
which
thing
being
brought
about
,
would
redound
much
more
to
his
honor
,
for
that
he
had
not
now
vnder
his
command
the
Athenians
his
own
Countrymen
,
but
the
whole
power
and
strength
of
a
forren
Prince
,
so
that
by
this
meanes
all
the
perill
,
daunger
,
and
losse
,
should
be
the
Kings
,
and
the
gaine
of
victory
shold
be
only
for
the
good
of
his
countrey
:
and
the
honor
which
would
light
vpon
him
,
woulde
be
in
farre
greater
measure
then
many
other
valiant
Captaines
which
had
stood
for
the
defence
of
their
countrey
,
many
yeeres
before
time
:
for
whereas
they
defended
their
country
,
by
ouercomming
the
Persians
,
hee
should
set
her
vp
in
her
former
estate
,
by
making
the
Persians
conquerors
.
On
the
other
side
Lysander
,
in
that
he
was
of
neer
kin
to
Agesilaus
,
was
also
an
earnest
immitater
of
his
vertues
,
framing
himselfe
by
all
meanes
possible
,
The
worthy
praise
of
Lysander
.
not
any
way
to
swarue
from
his
Noble
and
woorthy
examples
,
nor
from
his
shining
renown
and
glory
that
the
world
did
cast
vpon
him
:
but
that
he
would
haue
so
watchfull
an
eie
ouer
his
proceedings
,
that
the
Empire
which
was
so
long
a
getting
,
in
so
many
battailes
,
might
not
come
to
wracke
,
thorogh
his
default
,
in
the
turning
of
a
hand
.
This
draue
not
onely
the
souldiers
,
but
the
kings
also
,
into
a
vile
perplexity
,
for
that
they
douted
the
losing
of
their
welth
,
and
feared
least
the
Athenians
should
recouer
againe
the
soueraignty
:
But
the
fiercer
the
battell
grewe
,
the
more
glorious
appeared
the
victorie
on
Conons
part
.
For
the
Lacedemonians
were
put
vnto
the
worst
,
and
fled
,
and
many
of
their
garrisons
were
led
away
to
Athens
.
Thus
were
the
people
once
againe
restored
to
their
former
estate
,
and
many
of
their
citties
also
were
recouered
backe
againe
vnto
their
Empire
.
This
was
a
full
victorie
vnto
the
Athenians
,
and
to
the
Lacedemonians
an
end
of
the
freedome
that
they
had
long
retained
:
and
now
seeing
that
with
their
kingdome
they
had
lost
the
greatest
part
of
their
valour
also
,
their
neigbors
on
euery
side
,
held
them
base
,
and
prouoked
them
in
great
disdaine
.
Amongst
the
rest
the
Thebanes
,
(
with
the
helpe
of
the
Athenians
)
raised
Warres
vppon
them
:
the
which
citty
being
mightily
increased
Disdam
,
hand
●●●yd
to
●ll
Fortune
.
through
the
valiant
actes
of
their
Duke
,
(
who
was
called
Epaminondas
)
began
to
aspire
at
the
whole
Empire
of
Greece
.
Whereupon
there
hapned
betweene
them
,
a
great
battell
,
wherein
the
Lacedemonians
had
as
ill
successe
by
land
,
as
by
sea
,
against
that
worthy
leader
Conon
.
In
which
conflict
.
Lysander
,
a
chief
captain
of
the
Lacedemonians
ouer
came
the
Athenians
,
and
was
slaine
.
Pausanias
,
being
attached
for
treason
,
fled
.
Lysander
sl●●●
.
Thus
the
Thebans
hauing
gotten
the
vpper
hand
,
made
their
whole
power
against
Lacedemon
,
perswading
themselues
to
make
an
easie
conquest
,
theyr
reason
was
,
in
that
they
were
destitute
of
ayde
to
make
resistance
.
This
their
intent
gaue
matter
of
great
mistrust
vnto
the
Lacedemonians
,
causing
them
to
speed
home
Agesilaus
from
his
Persyan
victories
,
to
defend
his
owne
kingdome
from
violence
;
for
Lysander
being
dead
,
no
fitte
Captaine
coulde
bee
found
,
on
whose
trust
and
valour
they
durst
repose
.
Neuerthelesse
,
seeing
it
would
belong
cre
Ag●silaus
could
come
,
they
raised
vp
their
powers
,
preparing
to
meete
the
enemy
:
But
neither
their
courage
,
nor
yet
their
strength
was
able
to
withstand
the
enemy
,
(
of
whom
but
euen
lately
they
had
receiued
a
foile
)
therefore
at
the
very
first
ioyning
of
their
battels
,
they
were
forced
to
betake
themselues
to
slight
.
As
thus
the
host
of
the
Athenians
were
in
the
depth
of
their
discomfiture
,
Ag●silaus
the
king
c●me
into
the
fielde
,
and
what
with
his
resolute
courage
,
and
a
band
of
fresh
and
justy
olde
Souldiers
,
such
as
had
beene
nursed
vp
in
many
bloudy
bankets
,
with
little
or
no
labour
at
all
,
snatched
the
victory
out
of
the
enemies
hands
:
But
himselfe
receiued
in
this
conflict
a
very
dangerous
wound
:
At
last
tydings
here
of
came
vnto
Athens
,
wherefore
the
Athenians
(
fearing
that
the
Lacedemonians
would
get
the
vpper
hand
,
againe
,
and
then
they
were
sure
to
fall
into
their
old
estate
of
bondage
)
raised
a
power
of
men
,
and
sent
them
to
the
aide
of
the
Beotians
by
a
young
Gentleman
(
named
sphic●●●●s
)
not
aboue
the
age
of
one
and
twenty
yeares
,
but
yet
of
a
most
towardly
and
couragious
spirit
.
The
valour
of
this
young
man
,
excelled
and
far
surpassed
The
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
of
〈◊〉
.
his
yeares
,
for
amongst
all
the
noble
and
valiant
Dukes
and
Captaines
that
the
Athenians
had
had
before
,
there
was
none
of
greater
likelihood
,
or
more
●ype
ca●iage
then
he
:
also
he
had
planted
in
him
,
not
only
all
the
points
of
an
excellent
Captaine
,
but
for
an
exquisit
Orator
deserued
worthy
commendation
.
Conon
hearing
of
the
returne
of
Ag●silaus
,
returned
also
out
of
Asia
,
meaning
to
wast
and
spoile
the
country
of
Lacedemon
in
most
sharp
reuenge
:
In
somu●h
as
the
Spartanes
being
enclosed
in
on
euery
side
,
(
and
being
sore
afraid
Conon
returneth
to
Athens
.
of
warre
,
which
continually
r●ng
in
their
eares
)
were
mightily
out
of
hart
,
and
almost
come
into
a
desperate
state
:
But
notwithstanding
Conon
spared
them
not
at
all
,
for
when
he
had
by
voilent
spoiles
forraged
the
fields
and
houses
of
his
enem●es
,
he
tooke
his
iorney
towards
Athens
:
where
(
albeit
his
welcome
was
with
great
ioy
vnto
his
countreymen
)
yet
notwithstanding
,
his
sorrow
f●●re
exceeded
their
ioy
;
to
behold
,
how
his
countrey
had
beene
vyolated
,
burned
,
and
defaced
by
the
Lacedemonians
:
wherefore
such
places
as
were
laid
wast
,
he
caused
to
be
builded
vp
again
with
the
spoiles
that
they
had
recouered
from
the
L●ce●e●onians
,
and
at
the
charges
of
the
Persian
Army
.
Such
was
the
bad
fortune
of
Athens
,
that
being
once
before
burned
by
the
Persyan
,
it
was
now
repaired
and
made
good
againe
,
with
such
spoiles
as
had
beene
gotten
from
the
Persyans
:
and
at
this
time
being
defaced
by
the
victories
that
they
gotte
〈◊〉
the
Lace
lemonians
,
came
all
about
by
clean
contraries
,
for
they
that
〈◊〉
but
euen
now
their
fellowes
and
friendes
,
became
their
enimes
:
and
tho●●
that
were
al●aies
enimes
,
became
their
friends
.
Wh●●●
these
things
sell
out
amongst
them
,
Artaxerxes
king
of
Persia
,
sent
out
certaine
Ambassadors
into
Greece
,
commaunding
that
every
part
should
cease
from
ar●●●s
,
and
whatsoeuer
they
were
that
withstood
the
contrary
,
should
be
reputed
and
taken
as
an
enemy
:
further
he
restored
vnto
euery
citty
their
ancyent
liberties
,
and
euery
man
to
take
new
possession
of
his
own
:
which
d●ed
of
his
,
was
not
so
much
in
regard
that
they
might
haue
respite
from
hostility
and
ciuil
Wa●res
amongst
themselues
,
neither
was
it
to
ease
and
drawe
awaie
(
if
it
were
possible
)
the
hatred
that
they
nourished
amongst
them
one
A
vniuet
fall
peace
by
●opulsion
thoroughout
all
Greece
.
towards
another
:
as
it
was
for
feare
whilst
he
was
imployed
about
his
owne
Warres
in
Egipt
,
(
the
which
he
had
drawn
vpon
himselfe
in
that
he
aided
the
Lacedemonians
againste
the
Egiptian
Lieutenants
,
)
his
hoast
of
men
shoulde
be
detained
and
withheld
in
Greece
.
Wherefore
the
Greekes
being
euen
wearied
and
ouertoyled
with
Wartes
,
easilie
consented
to
obey
willingly
,
what
they
were
commaunded
.
This
yeare
was
accounted
worthily
of
,
not
onely
because
of
their
suddaine
peace
throughout
all
Greece
,
but
also
because
the
same
yeare
,
the
the
citty
of
Rome
,
was
taken
by
the
Frenchmen
:
Now
the
Lacedemonians
had
too
long
rest
,
and
idlenes
began
to
set
new
fire
amongst
them
,
wherefore
It
was
befor
the
birth
of
Christ
389.
〈◊〉
.
they
laid
in
wait
for
any
the
least
ad●antage
that
might
be
giuen
.
At
last
they
espieng
th
Arcadians
were
gone
from
home
,
they
surprised
one
of
their
Castles
,
turning
out
their
men
,
and
planted
in
their
places
a
garrison
of
their
owne
.
Heere
began
againe
fresh
broiles
:
for
the
Arcadians
,
hauing
the
aide
of
the
Thebanes
challenged
their
losses
againe
by
the
sword
:
In
this
conflict
Archiadanus
captaine
of
the
Lacedemonians
was
sore
wounded
who
perceiuing
that
his
men
were
ouerpressed
and
beaten
downe
,
as
being
ouercome
,
sent
vnto
the
enemy
an
Herauld
,
demaunding
the
dead
bodies
of
all
his
men
that
were
slaine
,
and
that
he
might
by
order
&
law
of
Armes
be
suffred
to
bury
them
.
For
amongst
the
Greekes
,
it
is
an
vndoubted
token
of
victory
in
yeelding
themselues
,
wherewith
the
Thebanes
sounded
a
retreat
,
and
left
following
anie
further
in
the
pursuite
of
them
.
Afterwards
within
some
small
time
,
when
euery
man
seemed
to
rest
so
well
satisfied
euen
as
if
a
truce
had
beene
taken
betweene
them
:
and
all
displeasure
quietly
put
vp
in
silence
without
any
further
mistrust
on
either
part
:
the
Lacedemonians
being
imployed
on
other
scruices
abroad
amongst
the
Nations
,
the
Thebanes
contrary
to
all
expectation
,
vnder
the
leading
of
a
valiant
captaine
(
called
Epaminondas
,
)
began
a
new
plot
of
cunning
,
purposing
to
win
away
their
citty
,
and
to
set
vpon
them
at
vnwares
.
And
to
effect
this
their
diuelish
deuise
,
they
tooke
the
beginning
of
the
night
to
set
forward
in
towardes
Lacedemon
,
as
closely
and
as
secretlye
as
could
anie
waie
bee
deuised
:
but
they
receiued
as
foule
a
repulse
,
as
their
intention
was
treacherous
.
For
the
old
men
of
the
cittie
,
and
other
impotent
people
(
as
were
most
vnable
,
)
hauing
true
intelligence
of
the
approache
of
the
enemie
,
put
themselues
in
armes
,
met
them
at
the
entrance
of
the
Gates
,
and
althogh
their
number
was
exceeding
small
(
not
much
aboue
one
hundred
,
old
,
lame
,
and
foreworne
men
)
put
themselues
vppon
the
encounter
,
against
fifteene
thousand
Souldiers
:
So
vndaunted
was
their
courage
,
and
strength
,
that
rather
The
couragiou●
stomach
of
a
〈◊〉
ag●d
p●●●●ns
.
they
did
choose
to
put
their
liues
to
hazzard
of
fight
,
rather
then
to
sitte
still
and
suffer
their
countrey
to
be
spoiled
and
ouercome
,
and
themselues
being
of
small
abilitie
to
make
resistance
,
to
be
either
with
violence
put
vnto
the
sword
,
or
what
was
worse
,
become
their
vassals
and
bond-men
:
wherefore
onelie
these
few
aged
persons
,
held
such
plaie
with
them
,
that
before
the
morning
,
all
the
youth
they
had
amongst
them
were
sore
tired
,
and
in
a
manner
ouercome
.
In
this
battell
there
were
two
of
the
most
valiantest
of
their
Captaines
slaine
with
the
sword
:
meane
space
word
was
brought
that
Agesilaus
was
very
neere
at
hand
,
which
stroke
such
a
dampe
amongst
the
Thebanes
,
that
they
suddenly
retired
,
and
made
away
as
fast
as
they
were
able
:
but
yet
it
ended
not
in
this
manner
,
but
within
a
little
space
after
,
there
was
a
new
encounter
againe
.
For
the
younger
sort
of
men
amongst
the
Lacedemonians
,
being
informed
of
the
valarous
courage
and
demeanor
of
the
old
men
,
their
rage
could
no
way
be
restrayned
,
but
they
would
haue
a
new
tryall
made
in
open
field
,
although
they
were
already
fully
perswaded
that
the
victory
would
fall
vpon
the
heades
of
the
Thebanes
.
In
this
conflict
Epaminondas
,
(
who
bare
himselfe
valiantly
,
not
onely
as
he
Epaminondas
daungerously
wounded
.
was
Captaine
,
but
both
captaine
and
souldier
)
receiued
his
deaths
wound
:
At
the
report
whereof
the
one
part
was
so
surprysed
with
feare
,
and
the
other
part
so
amazed
in
ioy
,
as
both
of
them
(
as
they
had
beene
new
combyned
friends
)
departed
the
fieldes
,
without
any
further
strokes
.
Some
few
daies
after
Epaminondas
departed
,
and
with
his
death
began
the
whole
wracke
of
the
common-wealth
:
for
euen
as
it
fareth
with
one
,
who
hauing
a
weapon
bateth
and
taketh
away
the
edge
therof
,
wherby
that
is
left
is
able
to
do
litle
harme
:
euen
so
fareth
it
with
this
common-wealth
,
who
hauing
lost
so
good
a
Duke
,
who
was
the
very
edge
of
the
common-wealth
of
Thebes
,
the
force
of
which
The
〈◊〉
of
Epammondas
.
edge
was
eu●n
so
much
abated
,
and
weakned
,
that
they
seemed
not
so
much
to
lament
his
losse
,
as
that
they
wished
they
might
vtterly
haue
perished
with
him
.
For
during
the
term
of
his
daies
they
atchieued
many
worthy
victories
,
but
his
life
being
taken
away
,
robbed
them
likewise
of
their
former
happinesse
,
and
turned
all
cleane
contrary
against
them
to
the
vtter
spoile
and
ruine
of
their
liues
.
All
which
afterward
was
made
euident
to
every
eie
,
that
the
glory
and
renowne
of
the
whole
Countrey
began
with
him
,
and
at
his
end
dyed
also
with
him
.
Also
he
bare
himselfe
euery
way
so
worthy
a
states-man
,
that
it
was
hard
for
a
man
to
iudge
whether
he
deserued
more
praise
for
valour
,
or
exact
gouernment
in
life
.
For
before
all
thinges
whatsoeuer
,
he
sought
the
preseruation
and
defence
of
his
Countrey
,
and
not
his
owne
priuate
glory
:
money
and
treasure
he
esteemed
nothing
worth
,
Insomuch
that
all
the
store
he
had
,
was
not
of
sufficient
value
to
bring
him
to
the
graue
:
And
euen
as
he
esteemd
money
,
so
did
he
hold
the
praises
of
men
not
worthy
the
consideration
.
As
for
promotions
he
sought
to
shunne
them
,
but
that
contrary
to
his
desire
,
they
were
alwaies
throwne
vpon
him
against
his
will
:
In
his
places
of
authoritye
,
he
behaued
himselfe
so
grauely
,
wisely
and
bountyfully
,
that
he
seemed
rather
a
grace
to
honor
,
then
honor
grace
to
him
.
In
learning
,
he
farre
surpassed
many
,
who
thought
themselues
his
superior
,
and
therein
was
so
studious
,
that
he
was
able
to
giue
instruction
,
in
the
knowledge
of
Phylosophy
,
and
which
was
more
to
be
admired
in
him
,
that
a
man
so
borne
and
bred
vp
altogither
in
Schooles
,
should
yet
in
the
end
proue
so
excellent
a
warriour
.
neither
did
his
death
disagree
with
the
former
course
of
his
life
:
for
being
by
a
violent
blow
,
stricken
to
the
ground
,
he
was
taken
vp
and
brought
into
his
Tent
,
(
being
halfe
dead
)
anon
when
he
was
againe
somthing
reuiued
,
and
withall
recouered
his
speech
,
he
looked
round
about
vpon
all
his
attendants
,
&
seeing
them
al
there
,
the
first
question
that
he
demanded
was
,
whether
his
enemies
had
taken
and
seased
vpon
his
shield
when
they
felled
him
.
They
who
were
neerest
vnto
his
person
,
answered
him
no
,
his
shield
was
safe
.
Then
The
wordes
of
Epaminondas
a
little
be
fore
his
death
he
commanded
it
to
be
brought
vnto
him
,
that
as
a
principall
companion
with
him
in
all
his
trauailes
and
gloryous
victories
,
hee
might
kisse
it
.
Then
he
demaunded
further
,
whether
part
had
gotten
the
glory
of
the
fielde
:
so
when
answer
was
giuen
,
that
the
Thebanes
remained
conquerors
:
then
(
sayd
he
)
al
is
well
:
So
ast
were
in
reioycing
maner
for
the
safety
of
his
country
,
he
laid
him
downe
againe
,
and
so
departed
.
His
death
.
This
man
thus
remoued
by
death
,
here
also
ended
the
prowesse
and
valour
of
the
Athenians
:
for
after
that
time
,
he
being
gon
,
whose
footesteps
and
dyrections
they
euer
followed
,
they
gaue
themselues
ouer
to
slothfull
Idlenesse
,
spent
and
consumed
all
their
reuenues
vainely
,
(
not
vpon
ships
,
and
men
of
warre
,
as
informer
times
)
but
in
feastings
,
in
Hollidayes
,
in
making
preparation
for
Pageants
,
plaies
,
and
other
idle
pastimes
;
assembling
themselues
in
great
multitudes
in
Theaters
,
to
behold
their
famous
stage-playes
and
Poets
;
and
among
them
were
more
freequent
,
then
in
the
campe
:
Then
set
they
all
their
delights
on
Rymers
,
and
Oratours
,
and
in
the
meane
time
little
or
nothing
respected
either
Captaines
or
Souldiers
.
Then
the
common
treasure
wherewith
men
of
warre
and
mariners
was
accustomably
relieued
and
maintained
,
began
to
be
scatred
and
diuided
amongst
the
people
in
the
Cityes
.
These
disorders
being
thus
rooted
amongst
them
,
it
cam
to
passe
that
whiles
the
Greekes
gaue
ouer
themselues
to
all
sensuallitye
,
the
name
of
the
Macedones
,
which
euer
before
was
held
most
vile
and
contemptible
sprung
vp
,
and
grew
to
honor
amongst
them
:
and
that
Phillip
,
(
who
had
beene
three
yeares
in
hostage
in
the
Cittie
of
Thebes
)
being
growne
vp
to
great
knowledge
in
millitary
affairies
,
(
by
the
fauors
of
Epaminondas
and
the
Pelopidanes
)
laid
the
kingdome
of
Macedonie
like
a
heauy
yoke
of
bondage
vpon
the
neckes
,
both
of
Greece
and
Asya
,
bringing
them
and
their
posterity
into
an
euerlasting
subuersion
.
The
end
of
the
sixth
Booke
.
THE
SEVENTH
BOOKE
of
Iustine
.
THE
ARGVMENT
.
MAcedon
described
with
the
kinges
thereof
.
Caranus
following
a
hearde
of
Goates
winneth
the
citty
Edissa
.
He
altereth
the
name
thereof
,
making
it
the
chiefe
citty
of
Macedon
.
He
subdueth
diuers
kinges
.
Perdicas
raigneth
after
him
and
prophesieth
of
his
posteritie
.
Argeus
taketh
his
place
,
and
leaues
the
Crowne
to
his
yong
sonne
Europe
.
The
Macedonians
ouercome
the
Illyrians
.
Amint
as
succeedeth
,
his
son
Alexander
killeth
the
Persian
ambassadors
who
came
from
that
Darius
,
of
whom
is
mention
made
in
the
first
and
second
Books
.
Bubares
marrieth
Alexanders
sister
.
Aminthas
succeedeth
Alexander
.
The
bloudy
mother
killeth
her
owne
children
.
Philip
is
brought
vp
at
Thebes
,
and
after
crowned
king
.
He
vanquisheth
all
his
borderers
,
conquereth
the
Thessalians
,
marrieth
Olympias
the
mother
of
great
Alexander
,
and
in
the
end
winneth
Methone
.
COncerning
Macedon
,
in
auncient
times
it
was
called
Aemathya
,
after
the
name
of
Aemathion
,
sometime
king
of
that
countrey
.
This
king
was
the
first
in
all
these
parts
,
that
gaue
any
worthy
tast
of
valour
,
and
honorable
acts
in
warre
.
As
this
Countrey
increased
,
one
part
after
another
,
so
when
it
was
at
the
largest
,
it
was
in
account
but
very
smal
,
euen
the
whole
boundes
thereof
.
The
Inhabitants
thereof
were
called
Pelagians
,
and
the
Countrey
it selfe
B●tia
:
but
afterwardes
,
through
the
worthy
actions
of
their
kings
,
and
manly
resolution
of
the
people
:
first
in
that
they
subdued
and
brought
vnder
those
that
inhabited
round
about
them
,
and
shortly
after
,
other
nations
,
and
people
dwelling
further
off
,
whereby
the
Empire
became
mightily
enlarged
,
euen
to
the
vttermost
borders
of
the
East
.
In
the
region
of
Peony
(
which
is
now
accounted
a
parcell
of
Macedon
)
there
sometime
raigined
,
(
if
report
may
carry
any
credite
)
one
Telagonus
,
the
father
of
Astriopeus
,
whose
name
a
man
may
heare
so
often
repeated
in
the
battels
of
Troy
,
amongst
those
noble
warriors
which
stoode
onely
vpon
the
defence
of
that
Citty
.
Againe
,
in
that
part
,
Europe
,
raigned
a
king
,
called
by
the
name
of
Europe
.
Then
sprang
vp
among
them
one
Caranus
,
(
who
with
a
great
multitude
of
The
f●●st
〈◊〉
of
M●●edon
.
●reekes
)
hauing
receiued
a
charge
from
the
Oracle
,
that
he
should
seeke
an
habitation
in
Macedony
;
wherefore
following
the
commandement
he
had
receiued
,
at
last
he
came
into
Aemathia
(
following
an
heard
of
Goats
that
fled
from
a
great
shoure
of
raine
)
&
entred
and
wan
the
Citty
of
Edissa
,
before
the
men
of
the
towne
were
warned
of
his
approach
,
chiefely
by
reason
that
the
storme
was
very
great
:
then
did
he
call
to
minde
what
was
deliuered
by
the
former
Oracle
,
that
he
should
seeke
out
a
kingdome
,
whereunto
the
Goates
should
be
his
guide
,
wherefore
he
appointed
this
the
chiefe
seate
of
his
kingdome
.
Also
euer
after
it
was
his
obseruation
,
that
whensoeuer
and
whethersoeuer
he
conducted
any
hoast
of
men
he
would
euer
haue
the
same
Goates
set
before
his
Goats
apointed
by
the
Oracle
to
direct
to
a
●ing
dome
.
standard
that
as
they
were
the
Authours
of
his
kingdome
,
so
they
might
also
be
his
leaders
in
all
his
enterprises
:
So
that
for
a
perpetuall
remembrance
of
this
benefit
,
he
changed
the
name
of
Edyssa
,
and
called
it
Aegaea
,
and
the
people
thereof
Aegaeades
.
Afterwards
,
when
he
had
quite
expelled
and
shut
out
Mydas
(
for
he
also
helde
a
part
of
Macedon
)
and
diuers
other
petty
kingdomes
,
he
brought
it
all
into
one
sole
gouernment
,
and
vniting
together
diuers
sorts
of
people
,
made
but
one
entire
body
of
all
Macedony
,
whereby
he
layd
a
very
strong
and
sure
foundation
for
his
succession
to
build
vpon
.
After
him
succeeded
Perdicas
,
whose
life
was
notable
,
and
the
speeches
that
he
vttred
at
his
last
departure
,
(
were
as
if
they
had
beene
receiued
from
an
oracle
)
P●●dicas
and
his
prophe●y
.
worthye
of
euerlasting
memory
:
For
being
very
aged
,
and
euen
ready
to
shake
hands
with
death
,
he
called
before
him
a
sonne
of
his
called
Argeus
,
and
shewed
vnto
him
the
place
whereas
his
body
should
be
buried
,
and
not
his
body
onely
,
but
euen
the
bodies
of
all
them
that
should
succeede
him
in
the
kingdom
,
to
be
interred
in
the
same
place
:
prophesieng
before
,
that
so
long
as
the
bones
of
his
posteriry
were
buryed
there
,
so
long
the
kingdome
should
remaine
in
his
house
&
family
,
Wherevpon
grew
vp
a
superstitious
beleese
among
them
;
all
which
failed
in
Alexander
the
great
,
because
he
was
the
man
that
altred
and
changed
this
place
of
burial
.
Thus
Argeus
hauing
gouerned
this
kingdome
,
with
vpright
Iudgement
,
and
much
loue
of
the
people
,
left
this
world
:
after
whose
death
,
his
sonne
Phillip
swaied
the
Crowne
and
Septer
by
lawfull
succession
;
but
Phillip
also
had
not
long
supplied
the
state
and
dignity
of
a
king
,
but
sudden
death
surprised
him
,
whereby
the
Crown
descended
vpon
his
heire
,
(
named
Europe
)
being
then
a
very
babe
.
In
these
daies
,
there
was
continuall
hostility
betweene
the
Macedones
,
and
the
T●r●cians
and
Illyrians
,
by
continuance
whereof
,
they
became
so
hardned
,
that
they
grew
to
be
accounted
famous
in
marcyall
discipline
,
and
also
became
a
feare
and
terror
vnto
all
their
neighboring
nations
.
Wherefore
the
Illyrians
holding
the
Infancy
of
the
young
king
in
great
contempt
,
they
bid
battell
vnto
the
Macedones
,
in
which
conflict
hauing
receiued
a
very
shamefull
repulse
,
from
the
hands
of
their
enemies
,
they
brought
forth
their
king
as
he
lay
in
his
Cradle
,
and
placed
him
in
the
midst
amongst
them
in
the
field
,
and
Europe
king
of
Macedon
brought
in
a
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
the
〈◊〉
.
hauing
so
done
,
they
gaue
a
fresh
assault
vpon
the
enemy
(
vainly
imagining
,
that
the
only
cause
of
their
former
ouerthrow
was
,
the
want
of
the
ki●ges
presence
in
the
battel
)
and
that
now
they
doubted
not
to
gaine
the
vper-hand
,
although
it
were
no
way
likely
,
but
euen
to
satisfie
their
superstitious
blindnesse
,
and
fed
themselues
with
meere
imaginations
.
Atlast
(
calling
themselues
to
remembrance
)
they
bestowed
some
parte
of
their
pitty
vpon
the
infant
King
,
of
whome
it
was
none
other
to
be
looked
The
infant
King
〈◊〉
.
for
,
but
to
make
him
of
a
King
,
to
become
a
captiue
,
if
they
chanced
to
lose
the
day
,
and
fall
into
the
handes
of
their
enimies
.
Wherefore
the
encounter
being
siercely
maintained
on
both
parts
,
atlast
the
Illirians
receiued
the
soile
,
with
much
slaughter
,
(
as
if
the
Macedons
in
all
their
former
battailes
wanted
neither
manhood
,
nor
courage
,
but
a
king
onely
.
)
After
the
decease
of
Europe
,
Aminthas
was
next
in
succession
,
he
was
a
right
renowned
Prince
,
both
for
the
prowesse
and
manly
resolution
of
him
himselfe
as
also
the
singular
forwardnesse
of
his
sonne
Alexander
,
whom
nature
had
sorichly
bedect
in
ful
perfection
of
all
vertuous
Ornaments
,
that
euen
in
al
the
games
and
pastimes
of
Olimpas
,
he
bare
away
the
prize
,
from
all
that
opposed
themselues
against
him
.
About
this
time
,
Darius
King
of
Persia
(
who
was
put
to
flight
and
banisned
out
of
Scithia
)
scorning
to
be
dishonord
in
euery
place
he
came
,
by
reason
of
his
many
ill
fortunes
in
the
warres
,
sent
forth
Megabyzus
,
with
a
great
part
of
his
army
to
subdue
all
Thr●ce
,
and
other
kingdomes
scituate
about
those
coasts
,
amongst
which
(
for
the
slender
regard
and
estimate
therof
he
shold
account
Macedon
for
one
:
)
he
making
as
short
work
as
he
could
,
put
in
execution
what
his
Maister
had
commaunded
,
dispatched
Ambassadors
to
Amintas
King
of
Macedon
,
demaunding
hostages
of
peace
for
that
that
should
be
concluded
and
fully
ratified
between
both
parts
.
These
Ambassadors
were
very
royally
entertained
and
feasted
by
Amintas
:
At
the
last
being
fully
gorged
with
full
carouses
,
their
onely
sute
and
request
was
,
that
inasmuch
as
he
had
made
them
so
sumptuoas
a
feast
,
and
snewed
vnto
them
such
store
of
royall
entertainment
,
so
he
would
also
graunt
vnto
them
likewise
the
rights
that
iustly
follow
and
belong
to
that
kindnesse
they
had
already
receiued
:
(
Viz:
that
their
sonnes
,
wines
,
and
Daughters
,
might
haue
free
accesse
to
keepe
them
company
(
for
this
was
euer
helde
amongst
the
Persians
,
as
a
sure
token
and
pledge
of
hospitality
,
)
which
being
graunted
,
they
entered
the
place
,
at
whose
approach
,
the
Persians
began
to
fall
to
wanton
dalliance
,
in
greater
measure
then
was
to
be
indured
.
Whereupon
Alexander
the
sonne
of
Aminthas
,
desired
his
father
in
respect
of
his
age
and
grauity
)
to
withdraw
himselfe
from
the
banquet
,
promising
that
he
woulde
quickely
asswage
this
vnciuill
carriage
of
his
guests
wantonnesse
.
When
Amintas
was
departed
,
according
as
he
had
requested
,
Alexander
called
foorth
the
women
one
after
another
,
making
shew
as
if
he
would
newly
a●tire
them
farre
more
gorgeoas
to
the
eie
,
and
then
they
should
returne
againe
to
their
further
delight
:
which
hauing
done
,
hee
had
in
readinesse
The
〈◊〉
of
wanton
Ambassadors
as
many
lusly
men
,
young
and
venturous
,
and
these
richly
attired
in
Ladies
weedes
,
with
euery
man
his
weapon
,
vnder
their
rich
attire
,
charged
them
,
to
queach
the
wantonnesse
,
of
these
dotards
with
the
points
of
their
weapons
:
and
so
were
all
the
Ambassadors
put
vnto
the
sword
,
euen
in
the
●●igth
of
their
iolli●●
.
When
Megabyzus
had
receiued
true
intelligence
of
what
was
hapned
(
being
wrapt
into
a
world
of
admiration
,
in
that
they
made
so
long
tariance
,
and
returned
not
)
he
himself
disdaining
to
take
in
hand
the
voiage
fearing
it
might
greatly
disparadge
his
honour
,
ifhe
should
offer
battell
to
so
base
and
abiect
a
Nation
:
appointed
foorth
one
of
his
princely
leaders
called
Bubares
,
to
whom
he
gaue
in
charge
but
only
the
smallest
part
of
his
Armies
,
acounting
it
as
sufficient
for
so
meane
and
easie
a
peece
of
serui●●●
in
which
action
Bubares
,
became
of
a
valiant
Souldier
,
an
amorous
loue●●
for
whereas
his
onely
comming
was
to
bid
them
battell
,
he
was
on
the
suddaine
so
intangled
in
the
loue
of
the
daughter
of
Amintas
,
that
he
banished
farre
from
him
all
former
Mariage
betweene
the
Persyans
and
Macedons
.
hate
and
enmity
,
and
in
an
indissoluble
band
of
Matrimony
,
knit
vp
all
rights
of
friendship
,
and
allianced
himselfe
in
kindred
euen
with
those
his
verie
enemies
.
Shortly
after
the
departure
of
Bubares
from
Macedon
,
Amintas
deceased
,
who
left
behinde
him
Alexander
as
his
sonne
and
lawful
successor
.
Moreouer
the
mariage
and
affinity
of
Bubares
into
the
Persian
race
,
brought
therewith
such
aboundance
of
peace
,
that
throughout
all
the
daies
of
Darius
it
had
full
scope
and
passage
,
without
any
manner
interruption
:
and
after
him
it
also
purchased
the
generall
fauour
and
good
liking
of
Xerxes
,
who
was
after
lawfully
seated
in
that
kingdome
:
Insomuch
as
when
he
made
an
inuasion
into
Greece
(
being
mightily
incensed
and
intaged
against
the
same
)
he
gaue
vnto
him
all
the
royalty
of
the
whole
Countries
,
that
lay
open
towards
the
mountaines
of
Olympus
and
Hemus
:
notwithstanding
all
which
guifts
and
graces
,
he
enlarged
his
kingdome
more
and
more
by
his
owne
fortunes
,
as
well
as
by
the
liberall
hand
of
the
Persians
.
Afterward
,
by
order
of
succession
,
the
kingdome
of
Macedon
discended
to
Amyntas
,
who
was
sonne
vnto
his
brother
Menelaus
.
This
man
was
held
in
high
regarde
,
for
his
manly
prowesse
,
and
all
the
exercises
of
military
dissipline
.
Amyntas
the
second
He
tooke
to
wife
Eurydice
,
on
whose
body
he
begat
three
worthy
Sonnes
,
the
first
Alexander
,
the
second
Perdycas
,
the
third
and
last
was
Phillip
(
the
father
of
Alexander
the
great
)
and
one
onely
daughter
(
named
Euryone
.
)
This
wife
deceased
,
he
hadde
a
second
mariage
to
one
Cygea
,
of
whose
body
he
also
had
yssue
Archelaus
,
Arydens
and
Menalius
:
This
king
was
much
encombred
by
maintaning
warres
euery
way
:
first
with
the
Illyrians
,
and
after
with
the
Olinthyans
.
Also
he
was
oft
in
danger
of
his
life
,
by
the
plots
and
treasons
of
his
wife
Eurydice
(
who
practising
and
attempting
all
the
wayes
she
could
to
enioy
her
wanton
desires
with
her
Sonne
in
law
,
left
no
way
vnattempted
to
shorten
The
treason
of
Eur●dice
towards
the
Kings
person
and
dispatch
her
husband
,
thereby
to
establish
the
kingdome
to
her
lawlesse
Paramour
:
the
which
practises
ofhers
had
wel-nigh
taken
effect
,
had
not
her
onely
daughter
(
at
the
very
pinch
)
opened
and
bewraied
all
her
mothers
falshods
,
and
traiterous
conspiracies
.
The
olde
man
,
beeing
thus
preserued
and
deliuered
from
all
the
practises
of
treason
,
died
in
peace
,
leauing
the
kingdome
to
his
eldest
begotten
Sonne
Alexander
.
This
Alexander
at
the
vere
entrance
to
his
crowne
concluded
a
peace
with
the
Illyryans
,
for
a
great
sum
of
money
to
be
paid
vnto
him
,
and
for
THE
EIGHTH
BOOKE
of
Iustine
.
THE
ARGVMENT
.
THe
Lacedemonians
and
Phocenses
condemned
in
a
great
summe
of
money
.
The
Phocenses
rob
the
Temple
at
Delphos
.
Phillip
is
chosen
captaine
general
against
these
Church-robbers
and
subdueth
them
.
Afterwards
hee
setteth
vpon
the
The●anes
and
spoiled
them
for
whose
defence
he
pretended
all
his
labors
.
He
cunningly
stealeth
the
kingdome
of
Cappadocia
,
destroyeth
Olynth
in
Thrace
,
dispossesseth
two
Brother-kings
of
their
Royalties
.
He
concludeth
peace
with
the
Athenians
.
Holdeth
subtle
answeres
with
the
Ambassadors
of
Greece
,
breaketh
promise
with
the
Phocenses
,
remoueth
whole
Nations
and
Citties
from
one
countrey
to
another
.
He
subdueth
the
Dardanterans
,
and
deposeth
Arimba
king
of
Epyre
,
giuing
that
kingdome
vnto
his
Wiues
brother
.
WHile
the
prouinces
,
and
Citties
of
Greece
,
were
in
their
pride
and
florishing
estate
;
while
concorde
and
loue
the
chaines
that
linketh
the
gouerment
of
all
nations
,
were
the
sinewes
that
knit
their
harts
,
they
were
held
the
princes
of
the
world
:
Greece
a
garden
from
whence
all
The
ci●●l
dis
sention
among
the
cityes
of
Greec
nations
gathered
flowers
to
delight
in
,
and
generally
a
people
vnuanquishable
.
But
when
an
emulating
desire
to
beare
rule
and
bring
each
other
in
subiection
,
like
sparkels
hid
in
the
ashes
,
did
glow
in
their
bosomes
,
which
after
aspired
to
higher
flames
,
they
were
themselues
the
subuerters
of
the●r
goodly
buildings
,
slately
monuments
,
the
greedy
famine
that
deuoured
their
plenty
,
and
their
owne
hands
their
owne
destruction
:
for
Ppillip
king
of
Macedon
seeing
this
vnnaturall
d●ssention
,
layd
waite
like
a
Spie
out
of
a
watch-tower
,
for
fit
occasion
to
be
soueraigne
of
their
glorye
,
and
surpriser
of
their
liberty
,
which
he
purposed
to
effect
,
by
nourishing
debate
betweene
Citty
and
Citty
,
by
being
enemy
to
the
stronger
,
and
supporting
the
weaker
;
and
time
so
fashioned
his
intent
,
that
he
compelled
both
the
conquered
,
and
the
Conquerors
,
to
becom
his
Vassals
and
Subiects
.
The
originall
causes
of
these
great
mischiefs
were
the
Thebanes
,
who
hauing
The
Thebans
lose
th●ir
soueraignty
.
soueraignty
,
and
wanting
discretion
to
vse
it
,
arrogantly
accused
at
the
common
counsell
of
Greece
the
Lacedemonians
,
and
the
Phocenses
,
whom
they
had
vanquished
in
the
battaile
,
not
contenting
themselues
with
the
slaughters
,
rauishmentes
,
spoiles
,
and
Trirannies
which
they
had
inflicted
vppon
them
,
but
pursued
the
aduantage
they
had
gotte
with
cruelty
,
and
accounted
the
extreamest
punishments
to
mercifull
for
them
:
It
was
laide
to
the
Lacedemons
,
that
they
had
taken
the
tower
of
Thebes
in
the
time
of
truce
:
to
the
Phocenses
,
that
they
had
wasted
the
country
of
Boetia
:
So
that
after
they
had
made
spoile
of
them
by
warre
,
they
woulde
also
extort
from
them
what
was
possible
by
law
.
At
last
,
iudgement
was
executed
(
not
according
to
Iustice
)
but
the
pleasures
of
the
Conquerors
,
and
the
conquered
condemned
in
so
great
sums
of
money
,
as
by
their
weakned
estate
was
held
impossible
to
be
paide
.
The
Phocenses
therefore
,
seeing
cruelty
chast
them
as
fierce
as
lightning
,
and
knowing
they
shoulde
be
bereft
of
their
Landes
,
Wiues
,
and
Children
,
and
compelled
to
slauerie
,
if
their
imposition
were
vnsatisfied
,
chose
rather
a
present
deathe
,
then
a
perpetuall
mischiefe
:
and
foorthwith
elected
for
their
Captaine
one
Philomelus
,
vnder
whose
conducte
,
they
offered
their
liues
by
speedy
warre
,
to
free
theyr
bodies
from
this
subiection
:
which
hee
accepting
,
they
presently
as
men
offended
euen
The
Phocen
ces
rob
the
Temple
of
Apollo
.
with
the
Goddes
themselues
,
gathered
their
faction
to
a
head
,
and
ransackt
the
temple
of
Apollo
at
Delphos
.
From
thence
inriched
with
that
treasure
they
coulde
make
,
they
strengthned
their
army
with
straunger-souldiers
,
and
with
such
forces
they
made
Warre
vppon
the
Thebanes
.
This
deede
of
the
Phocenses
,
although
all
men
abhorred
,
beeing
so
fowle
a
facte
as
Sacriledge
,
yet
in
reguarde
they
were
driuen
to
it
by
extremitye
,
it
ingendred
a
more
deadely
hate
in
the
heartes
of
the
neighbour
prouinces
,
towarde
the
Thebanes
then
to
them
.
The
Athenians
therefore
with
the
Lacedemonians
took
politick
aduise
,
and
concluded
to
muster
forces
and
dispatch
them
in
their
aid
,
as
well
,
or
rather
to
saue
themselues
from
a
future
danger
,
as
to
be
at
league
in
their
defence
.
Both
Armies
being
met
,
and
arraide
for
Battell
,
at
the
first
encounter
Philomelu●
forced
the
Thebanes
to
retreat
,
and
pursued
them
so
farre
,
that
he
subdued
their
tents
,
and
was
conquerour
of
all
the
ground
whereon
they
were
incamped
.
The
besotted
Athenians
beaten
with
their
owne
folly
.
But
while
he
was
more
forward
in
this
chase
,
then
wise
;
more
rash
,
then
valiant
,
and
more
certaine
of
victory
then
behoued
,
he
was
run
so
farre
into
the
Thebanes
danger
,
that
no
reliefe
had
power
to
succor
him
,
&
by
those
enemies
whom
his
rash
conceit
held
conquered
he
was
slain
,
and
his
life
made
worthily
a
sacrifice
for
committing
sacriledge
.
In
his
place
Ornomarchus
was
selected
Captaine
,
against
whome
the
Thebanes
and
men
of
Thessaly
,
chose
for
their
generall
,
not
an
experienced
souldior
of
their
owne
Nation
,
doubting
least
if
he
should
be
victor
,
hee
woulde
beare
himselfe
too
Lordly
ouer
them
;
but
vnto
Phillip
King
of
Macedon
they
would
willingly
submit
not
only
themselues
and
forces
,
to
becom
subiectes
and
gouerned
by
a
forrener
,
which
was
the
thing
they
pretended
to
feare
in
one
of
themselues
.
Phillip
being
thus
possest
of
their
power
,
and
fully
informed
of
the
originall
cause
of
this
warre
,
tooke
vppon
himselfe
the
title
of
The
reuenger
of
Sacriledge
,
and
not
of
the
defender
of
the
Thebanes
:
and
presently
gaue
commaund
that
al
his
Souldiers
should
put
garlands
of
Laurell
on
their
heads
,
and
in
this
maner
as
hauing
the
gods
chiefe
Captaine
of
his
enterprise
,
he
marched
into
the
field
.
The
Phosenses
at
the
sight
of
which
,
being
held
the
cognisance
of
the
gods
(
for
to
Appollo
is
the
Laurell
dedicate
)
were
struk
with
an
inward
remorse
of
conscience
,
as
remembring
the
offence
they
had
committed
,
and
presently
The
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
to
the
Gods.
without
further
resistance
,
cast
downe
their
weapons
,
tooke
them
to
●light
,
willingly
offered
their
liues
to
the
slaughter
of
the
enemies
,
receiuing
●eserned
punishment
for
violating
the
sacred
law
of
their
religion
,
and
defiling
the
temple
.
The
renowne
of
Phillip
by
this
was
spred
through
al
nations
,
who
dignified
him
with
the
titles
of
the
punisher
of
S●criledge
;
the
Reuenger
of
religion
:
he
onely
worthy
to
comp●ll
offenders
to
make
satisfaction
,
and
honord
him
next
vnto
the
Godds
,
by
whom
the
maiesty
of
the
Goddes
was
maintained
.
The
Athenians
hearing
of
this
successe
of
Philip
,
with
entent
to
stay
his
passing
into
Gr●●●●
,
tooke
the
straightes
of
Thermop●le
;
in
like
manner
as
they
had
Philip
〈◊〉
of
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
.
don
before
ag●inst
the
comming
of
the
Persyans
:
but
neither
with
like
corage
no●
for
like
quarell
.
At
first
it
was
for
the
liberty
of
Gre●●e
,
but
now
for
manifest
Sacriledge
:
then
in
the
honor
of
their
temples
against
the
inv●sions
of
an
enemie
,
now
i●
the
fortisieng
of
the
Church-robbers
against
lawfull
reuengers
,
making
themselues
pertakers
and
defenders
of
●o
●ainous
an
offence
,
whereof
themselues
chiefelye
ought
to
haue
bin
punishers
;
not
remembring
euen
in
their
most
aduersity
,
they
had
vsed
that
God
as
their
chiefe
counseller
,
and
by
his
instrvctions
finished
so
many
battels
with
Conquest
,
built
so
many
Citti●s
with
fortunate
successe
,
attained
so
great
an
Empire
both
by
sea
and
land
;
and
finally
atchieued
nothing
either
in
priuate
or
publike
affaires
,
but
by
his
Oracle
and
deuine
inspiration
.
This
people
of
excellent
vnderstanding
,
exquisitly
furnished
with
learning
and
Iudgment
,
traded
in
pollitick
lawes
and
institutions
,
were
now
like
Battes
,
who
haue
ci●s
to
see
the
sun
,
yet
shun
the
sun
:
And
made
themselues
agents
in
such
crueltyes
,
wherof
they
could
not
after
iustly
blame
the
most
ba●barous
nation
,
if
they
executed
vpon
them
the
like
reward
.
Phillip
hauing
thus
like
the
fox
,
got
in
his
head
,
would
make
hard
shift
to
draw
all
his
body
after
:
grew
Philip●
〈◊〉
dealing
persidioas
in
his
promises
past
,
and
those
Citties
which
but
lately
he
was
Captaine
of
,
which
had
fought
vnder
his
standard
,
which
had
rei●iced
in
him
,
which
had
bin
as
hands
to
h●n
in
his
victories
,
like
an
vtter
enemy
he
inuaded
and
〈◊〉
:
Their
wiues
and
children
he
sould
by
the
drum
,
he
spared
not
the
Temple
of
the
immortall
gods
,
the
houses
of
religion
,
the
publike
nor
priuate
houshold
gods
,
vnto
whom
he
could
not
choose
but
remember
he
was
entertain
d●
guest
:
So
that
it
was
euident
,
he
fought
not
so
much
to
punish
Sacriledge
as
to
pro●ure
free
liberty
in
person
to
perpe●rate
the
same
.
From
thence
as
hauing
accomplished
all
things
to
his
desire
,
he
passed
into
Cappadocia
,
where
he
began
warre
with
like
trechery
:
and
hauing
by
policy
and
seuerall
stratigems
,
either
taken
or
slaine
the
kings
that
were
Borderers
,
he
setled
the
whole
prouince
vnder
the
Empire
of
Macedon
.
Then
to
abolish
the
shamefull
reportes
that
were
spred
of
his
tirranies
,
he
sent
vnto
the
kingdomes
and
wealthy
Citties
,
certaine
people
to
raise
a
tumour
,
and
busie
the
heads
of
the
multitude
,
that
he
would
royally
extende
a
masse
of
treasure
to
the
building
of
the
walles
about
their
Citties
,
to
the
reedifying
of
churches
,
and
honoring
their
Temples
:
For
which
(
as
if
he
would
be
expeditious
in
this
good
)
the
M●isters
of
such
workes
were
straight
procured
by
proclamation
,
who
presently
vpon
the
rumour
comming
to
Macedon
,
waited
attendance
,
and
were
put
off●o
long
with
delayes
,
that
they
were
faine
to
depart
without
anie
thing
effected
,
or
vrging
it
any
further
:
Onely
resting
here
,
that
kinges
may
forget
their
promises
.
After
this
he
raised
warre
against
the
Olinthians
,
who
knowing
Phillip
had
most
vniustly
put
one
of
his
Brothers
to
deathe
,
in
pitty
tooke
his
two
other
brothers
,
borne
of
his
stepmother
to
safegard
,
for
Phillip
brooking
no
corriuallship
,
Philip
makes
wa●●e
vpon
the
Olinthians
.
in
Rule
,
sought
also
by
all
politicke
means
to
dispatch
them
to
their
graues
.
In
this
warre
,
and
for
this
occasion
,
he
sent
and
subverted
this
auncient
and
noble
citty
,
executed
his
brothers
,
according
as
in
the
counsel
of
his
hart
,
his
thoughts
had
decreed
,
inioying
thereby
a
great
prey
of
treasure
,
and
satisfying
his
thirst
with
their
innocent
bloud
;
vpon
this
,
accounting
whatsoeuer
he
determined
,
lawfull
;
and
whatsoeuer
he
purposed
,
effected
:
he
seised
on
the
Golde
mines
in
Thessaly
,
and
on
the
siluer
mines
in
Thrace
.
And
that
neither
law
nor
right
should
be
by
him
vnviolate
,
he
furnished
himselfe
to
be
a
rover
on
the
sea
.
While
these
things
were
ordred
by
Phillip
,
there
were
two
brothers
,
(
both
kings
of
Thrace
)
at
ciuill
variance
between
themselues
;
in
which
continuance
Two
brothers
str●pt
out
of
●●●ir
Kingdomes
.
of
their
strife
,
being
vncertaine
how
to
descide
it
,
they
agreed
to
chuse
Phillip
to
be
iudge
,
and
arbitrate
their
difference
:
not
in
regarde
of
his
indifferencie
,
Iustice
,
and
vprightnes
,
in
such
controuersies
,
but
doubting
least
he
shoulde
take
in
hand
to
support
either
of
them
,
they
well
knew
it
would
be
to
the
ruine
of
the
other
.
Phillip
being
sollicited
in
this
businesse
,
and
hauing
granted
his
consent
,
according
to
his
accustomed
nature
,
proceeded
to
iudgement
,
as
if
he
had
marched
to
battell
,
and
assailing
the
brothers
before
they
dreamt
of
a
danger
,
not
l●ke
an
vpright
iudge
,
but
an
vnsatisfied
tirant
,
rauisht
them
both
of
their
kingdomes
.
Vpon
this
the
Athenians
sent
Ambassadors
to
him
to
intreat
a
peace
,
whom
he
honourably
heard
,
and
their
conditions
of
league
being
liked
by
him
,
he
also
sent
his
Ambassadors
to
Athens
;
with
Articles
to
the
same
purpose
:
so
to
Peace
concluded
with
th
Athenians
.
the
content
and
commodity
of
both
,
a
peace
was
concluded
.
Out
of
these
prouinces
and
Citties
of
Greece
,
came
also
seueral
Ambassadors
,
not
somuch
for
desire
of
his
friendship
,
as
for
feare
of
his
name
.
But
the
Thebanes
and
Beotians
hauing
their
inueterate
rancor
and
malice
vnpurdge
out
of
their
bosomes
,
were
continuall
aduocates
both
to
Phillip
himselfe
,
and
to
his
counsell
,
to
stirre
him
vp
to
approoue
himselfe
a
Captaine
of
Greece
,
as
he
had
vndertooke
and
professed
himselfe
to
be
.
The
Phocenses
inforcing
themselus
to
forget
all
slaughters
which
their
own
families
had
by
him
indured
,
and
contenting
themselues
,
and
their
posterity
to
vndergoe
what
slauish
subuersion
soeuer
,
then
that
people
whom
they
professed
themselues
to
be
at
such
deadly
hare
withall
,
should
liue
to
vnderstand
what
a
calamiti●
and
miserable
sight
The
misera●●●
〈◊〉
of
Gree●●
.
this
was
,
to
behold
Greece
which
but
late
,
both
in
strength
and
dignity
was
reputed
Princesse
of
the
whole
world
,
alwaies
a
conquer●sse
of
kings
and
kingdomes
,
lady
of
many
populous
and
goodly
Citties
,
dauncing
attendance
in
sorraigne
Territories
,
either
entreating
peace
,
or
fearing
warre
;
that
such
a
Nation
should
be
inforced
as
it
were
,
to
put
her
head
vnde●another
mans
girdle
;
that
they
the
onely
worthyes
of
that
time
,
should
b●
brought
to
expres●e
misery
by
their
owne
dessention
and
ciuell
warres
.
From
Captaines
,
to
be
Capu●es
,
from
freemen
,
bond-slaues
;
from
a
g●rden
which
they
e●●oyed
,
watred
with
all
the
Riuers
and
heauenly
showers
,
and
making
plenty
to
her selfe
,
to
be
now
like
Oxen
driuen
to
the
yoke
in
a
wildernesse
of
distresse
,
and
by
those
whom
their
one
memory
could
record
,
they
had
accounted
the
ba●est
of
there
retinue
,
and
the
inferrior
of
their
friends
,
and
all
this
disaster
to
gro●
through
the
Thebanes
and
Lacedemons
,
by
whole
domesticke
I●rres
,
Greece
from
a
slouri●hing
Common-wealth
,
of
which
themselues
were
the
Pri●●es
and
bare
soueraignty
,
was
now
subiected
to
a
distresfull
estate
not
able
to
resist
aduersity
.
Phillip
in
this
season
for
the
aduancement
of
his
owne
glory
,
debated
concerning
the
prehemenence
and
dignity
of
two
so
mighty
Citties
,
and
considered
with
himselfe
of
which
he
were
best
to
make
account
,
for
which
when
he
had
seueraly
and
secretly
herd
the
Embassadors
which
were
arriued
from
both
Philip
hea●●th
both
the
〈◊〉
and
〈◊〉
them
both
.
parties
,
and
to
both
giuen
a
Princely
and
fauorable
countenance
,
to
one
he
promised
to
discharge
them
of
the
warres
and
danger
they
consisted
in
,
and
tooke
an
oarh
of
them
,
not
to
discouer
their
treaty
and
his
promise
,
to
any
liuing
creature
.
●o
the
contrary
he
offered
himselfe
,
to
come
personally
with
his
power
,
in
their
help
and
asistance
against
their
enemies
:
but
to
both
gaue
especiall
charge
,
not
by
fearing
danger
to
strengthen
themselues
for
warre
,
but
onely
to
rely
on
him
and
his
safeguard
.
While
both
Citties
were
satissied
●ith
this
variable
answere
,
and
both
liued
peaceably
and
without
distrust
,
he
tooke
the
straights
of
Thermopile
,
to
which
the
Phocenses
were
neare
neighbours
:
which
people
perceiuing
them
selu●s
entrapped
by
the
pollicy
of
Phillip
,
fearefully
tooke
them
to
their
weapons
,
but
hauing
not
time
to
furnishe
their
owne
battels
,
or
stay
for
succor
from
their
bordering
friends
,
and
Phillip
threatening
he
would
destroy
them
vnless●
they
yeelded
incontinent
;
ouercome
with
necessity
,
they
submitted
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
alon
aduantage
.
themselues
to
his
mercy
,
their
liues
onely
saued
:
but
euen
of
as
much
validity
to
th●●
was
this
present
composition
,
as
his
promise
past
was
of
force
to
discharge
them
of
their
warres
,
and
releeue
their
distresse
,
for
he
presently
commaunded
there
should
be
a
sharpe
and
seauere
execution
laid
vpon
them
,
by
a
generall
slaughter
.
The
children
wer
not
left
to
their
parents
,
nor
the
wiues
to
their
husbands
,
nor
the
images
of
the
Goddes
in
the
Temples
.
Phillip
thus
a
Conquerour
,
like
as
Grasiers
shift
their
cattell
,
sometime
into
one
pasture
,
sometime
into
one
another
,
as
the
season
of
the
yeare
inforcoth
;
euen
so
remooued
he
at
his
pleasure
whole
countries
and
citties
,
as
he
thought
for
his
aduantage
,
the
scituation
fitter
to
be
replenished
or
forsaken
:
nor
was
the
desolation
of
these
citties
,
or
the
terror
of
this
people
like
an
inuincible
army
of
enimies
The
mis●tie
of
de●olation
approach
,
or
when
men
of
warre
run
massacaring
up
and
down
in
euery
corner
of
a
citty
:
or
when
two
hoasts
encounter
violently
in
the
field
;
or
when
the
goodes
which
a
peaceable
life
hath
gathered
together
,
are
taken
awaie
perforce
,
but
farr
more
miserable
in
secret
was
their
sorrow
and
mourning
,
fearing
least
euen
their
enforced
tears
should
be
taken
for
contumacy
.
The
griefe
encreased
by
the
concealement
thereof
,
so
much
the
deeper
persing
the
hart
as
it
had
lesse
liberty
to
vtter
it selfe
.
Sometimes
they
considered
the
sepulchres
and
ancient
monuments
of
their
ancestors
raked
in
the
dust
:
sometimes
their
old
houshould
Goddes
,
to
which
many
posterities
had
giuen
their
deuotion
,
now
broken
to
peeces
:
sometime
remembred
the
houses
where
they
were
begotten
,
and
hadde
increased
children
themselues
,
now
possest
by
strangers
and
their
enimies
.
Bewailing
in
one
another
the
oppressefull
estate
wherein
themselues
liued
,
cursing
themselues
for
their
sake
,
that
it
had
not
bene
their
blessednesse
to
haue
bene
borne
after
that
desolate
time
.
Some
of
this
people
he
placed
in
the
vtmost
boundes
of
his
kingdome
,
euen
in
his
enemies
mouthos
;
some
,
whom
he
perceiued
fit
for
warres
to
garrisons
,
in
his
armye
:
some
in
one
climate
,
some
in
another
:
And
so
of
seuerall
people
,
and
seueral
nations
,
he
made
one
entire
Empire
,
and
one
setled
people
.
Thus
the
affaires
of
Macedon
being
at
a
stay
,
continuing
his
former
practise
and
policy
,
he
tooke
the
chiefe
coasts
of
the
Dardamans
,
forraged
their
borders
,
and
subdued
their
countries
,
not
beeing
mercifull
to
his
own
kindred
:
for
in
this
hauocke
he
determined
to
put
Arimba
king
of
Epirus
,
and
kinsman
to
his
wife
Olimpias
from
his
royalty
,
&
thereupon
sent
for
Alexander
brother
to
Olimpias
his
wife
,
a
youth
of
excellent
beautie
,
in
his
sisters
Phillip
abuseth
his
wiu●s
brother
.
name
,
to
come
to
him
to
Macedon
,
vpon
whose
arriual
,
by
perswasion
,
partly
with
the
hope
of
the
kingdome
of
Epire
,
he
won
to
consent
to
him
in
abhominable
Sodomy
,
and
so
satisfied
his
inhuman
disposition
of
him
,
til
he
came
to
the
age
of
twenty
yeares
,
when
according
to
his
promise
,
he
deposed
Arimba
from
his
kingly
seat
;
and
possessed
Alexander
therein
.
Thus
dealt
he
not
like
a
kinsman
with
neither
:
the
one
he
remoued
contrary
to
conscience
,
the
other
he
made
a
Harlot
,
before
he
made
him
King.
The
end
of
the
eigth
Booke
.
THE
NINTH
BOOKE
of
Iustine
.
THE
ARGVMENT
.
PHillip
besiegeth
Constantinople
,
and
in
that
time
winneth
manie
Citties
of
Chersonesus
.
He
bickereth
with
the
Triballes
,
but
returneth
vnfortunately
.
He
maketh
warres
vpon
the
Athenians
.
He
getteth
the
whole
Soueraigntye
of
Greece
.
He
putteth
the
Thebanes
to
a
most
sharpe
execution
by
the
sworde
.
Hee
summoneth
a
Parliament
at
Corinth
.
Making
preparation
for
Warre
agaynst
the
Persyans
,
and
is
slaine
by
Pausamer
as
at
the
marriage
of
his
daughter
.
His
conditions
and
naturall
inclination
described
,
with
a
comparison
betweene
him
and
his
sonne
Alexander
.
PHillip
hauing
with
fortunate
successe
led
his
forces
thus
farre
into
Greece
,
debated
with
himselfe
though
not
before
hee
pretended
,
yet
before
hee
vndertooke
anye
further
enterprise
,
whether
the
riches
and
spoile
of
those
Citties
and
lesser
townes
which
he
had
already
sacked
and
subuerted
,
would
be
sufficient
treasure
for
him
,
whereby
to
conclude
a
conquest
of
all
Greece
,
according
to
his
determination
,
as
he
had
already
done
of
part
:
for
the
furtherance
of
this
counsell
,
he
thought
it
would
be
a
profitable
aduantage
Philip
besiegeth
Constantinople
.
for
him
,
if
he
could
subdue
and
make
Byzantium
,
as
a
Port-refuge
for
his
fleet
by
sea
,
and
a
billeting
place
,
or
safe
garrison
,
for
his
men
by
land
:
neare
which
Cittye
hauing
drawne
his
forces
,
he
summoned
them
concerning
this
his
principallity
and
their
subiection
;
but
they
bold
of
spirit
and
cofident
in
theyr
owne
strength
,
made
slight
of
his
defiance
and
hostile
forces
,
shutting
their
gates
against
his
messengers
,
and
returned
him
threates
for
threates
,
strengthening
themselues
to
defend
his
emminent
inuasion
.
This
Citty
was
first
built
by
Pausanias
king
of
Sparta
,
and
by
him
possessed
the
continuance
of
seauen
yeares
.
Afterward
the
Lacedemonians
and
Athenians
surfetting
with
their
owne
prosperity
,
grew
into
priuate
faction
,
from
thence
to
publike
and
domesticke
warre
:
so
that
as
victory
enclined
itselfe
to
either
part
,
sometime
it
belonged
to
the
one
,
and
sometime
to
the
other
,
which
vncertaine
possession
,
hauing
too
often
fed
on
the
miseries
which
by
such
mutations
citties
indure
,
made
it
now
stand
stifly
in
the
defence
of
hir
own
libertie
,
and
the
rather
,
for
that
during
this
siedge
wherwith
Phillip
had
begirte
them
,
neither
the
Lacedemonians
,
or
Athenians
,
rescued
it
as
their
owne
.
Phillip
hauing
heere
spent
the
most
of
his
treasure
,
in
the
hope
he
had
to
make
this
citty
his
dignity
,
and
finding
by
the
delay
of
this
warre
,
the
cittizens
grew
rather
hardie
then
deliberate
,
purposed
by
roauing
on
the
sea
,
to
inforce
treasure
,
wherewith
to
keepe
his
siedge
setled
,
without
which
his
necessity
was
such
he
should
be
compeld
dishonorably
to
rise
,
and
against
his
nature
to
desist
:
thus
he
so
farre
contriued
,
that
he
tooke
170.
shippes
laden
with
marchandise
,
wherewith
he
refreshed
his
greedy
necessity
for
a
season
;
at
last
,
considering
it
was
little
policy
or
rather
lesse
profit
,
so
great
an
army
should
be
detained
and
excercised
aboute
the
siedge
of
one
onely
citty
,
he
caused
to
be
drawne
out
a
number
ofhis
experienced
souldiers
,
ouer
whom
himselfe
hauing
taken
aduised
muster
,
he
marcht
with
them
in
person
and
tooke
many
cities
of
the
Chersonesus
.
At
this
time
he
sent
for
his
sonne
Alexander
,
of
the
age
of
eighteene
yeares
,
to
the
intent
he
might
see
him
traded
in
the
discipline
of
warre
vnder
him
,
holding
it
a
Maxime
,
that
a
Soueraigne
fathers
life
,
should
be
a
table
ofhonorable
presidents
for
his
Princely
sonne
.
He
made
an
inrode
also
into
Scithia
,
to
fetch
booty
and
spoile
from
thence
,
entending
after
the
custome
of
Marchants
,
to
beare
out
the
charge
of
one
Phillp
invadeth
the
Tar
tarians
.
warre
with
the
gaine
of
another
.
At
the
same
instant
,
was
Matthey
King
of
the
Scithians
,
who
being
ouercharged
with
the
warres
of
the
Istrians
,
sente
the
Apollonians
in
his
behalfe
,
to
sollicit
the
aide
of
Phillip
,
promisinge
for
such
succor
and
assistance
,
to
adopt
him
king
of
Scithia
.
Phillip
ambitious
after
rule
,
tooke
little
aduice
of
this
request
,
but
presently
according
to
the
contentes
of
this
treaty
,
leauied
his
forces
as
hee
thought
requisite
,
and
dispatcht
them
in
the
defence
of
Matthey
.
But
the
K.
of
the
Istrianes
deceasing
,
while
these
affaires
were
in
furtherance
,
his
death
deliuered
the
Scithians
,
both
from
occasion
ofbattel
,
&
from
cause
of
helpe
.
Matthey
being
now
like
foules
,
that
feare
the
snares
no
longer
then
they
are
fettered
,
vppon
the
arriuall
of
the
Macedons
,
reguardlesse
of
Phillips
fauour
,
commaunded
them
home
againe
,
willing
them
to
deliuer
this
message
to
their
maister
;
that
he
neither
requested
him
for
succour
,
nor
yet
gaue
the
Apollonians
in
commission
to
adopt
him
:
That
the
Scithians
had
no
need
of
rescue
from
the
Macedones
,
and
pronounced
themselues
better
men
then
The
ingratitude
of
the
Scythian
K
the
Macedones
:
and
for
himselfe
to
desire
a
forren
helpe
to
succeed
him
,
it
needed
not
,
since
he
had
a
generation
ofhimselfe
,
a
posterity
ofhis
owne
,
a
sonne
in
perfect
health
,
to
make
his
seate
after
him
happy
.
This
message
thus
deliuered
to
Phillip
,
he
foorthwith
sent
Ambassadors
to
king
Matthey
,
requiring
him
ofhis
helpe
toward
the
charge
ofhis
siedge
,
least
he
should
be
constrained
by
pouerty
to
break
vp
his
campe
:
to
which
request
Phillip
vrged
he
should
of
reason
so
much
the
vnwillinger
condiscend
,
in
that
he
did
not
allow
the
so●ldiors
he
sent
in
his
ayde
,
so
much
as
Conduct
money
to
supply
their
necessities
by
the
way
,
nor
gratified
them
wi●h
any
reward
for
their
labors
.
M●tthey
excusing
himselfe
by
the
excessiue
cold
and
barrennesse
of
his
Countrey
,
which
was
searseable
to
yeeld
the
Scithians
The
ingrati●●de
of
the
●●●thian
K.
food
,
m●ch
lesse
to
inrich
them
with
possessions
.
Againe
,
he
protested
he
had
not
riches
wherewithall
to
satisfie
●o
great
a
King
,
and
therefore
thought
it
a
greater
dishonor
to
reward
him
with
too
little
,
then
to
recompence
him
with
nothing
:
for
my
people
(
quoth
Matthey
)
are
esteemed
for
their
coa●●age
of
mind
,
and
hardinesse
of
body
,
and
not
for
their
treasure
or
substance
.
Phillip
perceiuing
himselfe
thus
scornd
,
dislodged
his
siedge
from
before
Bizantium
immediatlie
,
and
bent
his
whole
power
against
the
Scythians
.
All
this
his
pretence
might
not
be
discouered
vnto
them
,
but
keept
them
carelesse
(
●ay
euen
suspectlesse
)
of
his
intent
,
he
sent
Amb●ssadors
beforehand
,
to
declare
vnto
King
Matthey
,
that
while
he
basied
himselfe
at
the
siedge
of
Bizantium
,
he
●owed
to
consecrate
an
Image
vnto
H●●cules
,
the
which
hee
was
comming
to
effect
in
the
riuer
of
D●nubia
,
desiring
to
haue
peaceable
passage
and
f●rtherance
in
this
his
sacred
and
religio●s
Vowe
made
to
that
God
:
protesting
,
he
came
not
otherwise
then
as
a
royall
friend
,
both
vnto
their
King
,
and
the
Scythians
his
Subiectes
.
But
M●tthey
sore
warned
by
all
his
former
Inconstancies
towardes
others
,
and
do●bting
indeed
as
much
as
was
intended
,
sent
word
to
Phillip
,
that
if
he
stood
so
much
vpon
the
performance
of
his
Vow
to
erect
an
Image
,
it
should
not
be
by
him
nor
any
of
his
Subiects
res●●ted
,
alwaies
pro●yded
he
would
send
the
same
,
promising
also
it
should
not
only
be
set
vp
,
but
should
alwaies
so
remain
and
continue
:
but
to
su●●er
any
Army
to
come
within
his
borders
,
or
martch
through
his
contrey
,
he
vtterly
denied
vrging
farther
,
that
if
Phillip
(
notwithstanding
this
contradict
should
offer
to
place
this
Image
,
himselfe
would
see
it
defaced
,
and
the
brasse
thereof
conuerted
into
Speare
and
Arrow-heads
.
The
m●nds
of
both
these
Kings
being
by
this
occasion
encouraged
,
they
encountred
in
battell
;
in
which
difference
,
though
the
Scythians
were
of
far
greater
number
than
the
M●cedons
,
yet
by
the
pollicy
and
experience
of
philip
to
order
such
warlike
actions
,
they
were
o●ercome
:
twenty
thousand
women
and
children
were
taken
prisoners
,
also
a
great
booty
of
cartell
,
but
as
for
gold
and
sil●er
none
;
in
which
plainly
appeared
the
Scythians
pouertye
.
Twenty
thousand
large
Mares
were
brought
home
to
M●●●don
,
and
onelye
kept
for
breed
.
But
as
Philip
with
all
his
pillage
was
returning
,
the
Tr●●●lles
hauing
gathered
a
head
met
him
,
and
denied
him
pass●ge
through
their
contrey
,
Th●
T●●bals
〈◊〉
on
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
ca●●e
home
.
except
they
might
haue
part
with
him
in
those
his
spoiles
.
Thi●
parl●
contin●ed
not
long
in
words
,
but
they
fell
to
blowcs
;
in
which
〈◊〉
,
Philip
was
sore
wounded
in
the
thigh
,
his
ho●sse
slayne
vnder
him
,
and
he
himselfe
les●
for
dead
:
so
the
M●●●dons
being
discomsited
,
the
s●oyle
which
they
had
but
la●ely
ra●isht
from
the
Sc●thians
,
was
now
a
reliefe
to
the
●ri●als
.
At
length
Phillip
being
recouered
of
his
wound
,
made
warre
vpon
the
At●●●ians
,
with
whome
so
long
time
till
then
,
he
helde
a
dissembled
friendship
.
The
Thebanes
mistrusting
if
the
Athenians
were
ouercome
,
the
brunt
of
the
warre
(
like
as
when
ones
neighbors
house
is
on
fire
)
fell
vppon
them
,
tooke
part
with
the
Athenians
,
so
that
by
these
means
there
was
a
legue
contracted
betweene
these
two
Citties
,
which
before
were
at
so
mercilesse
a
contention
.
This
coniunction
knit
between
them
,
they
sent
ambassadors
to
al
the
prouinces
of
Greece
,
importuning
their
speedy
asistance
;
inferring
,
so
common
an
enemy
as
Phillip
ought
to
be
remooued
by
the
generall
forces
of
all
the
Countrey
,
and
withall
,
making
it
perspicuous
by
demonstration
,
that
if
he
had
fortunat
yssue
in
this
,
his
conclusion
would
be
the
vtter
subuersion
of
al
Greece
.
Some
moued
with
these
reasons
,
ioyned
themselues
to
the
Athenians
,
others
terrified
with
the
bruite
of
his
renowne
,
tooke
part
with
Phillip
.
The
day
came
wherein
these
two
Armyes
assayled
each
other
,
though
the
multitude
of
the
Athenians
exceeded
the
Macedons
,
yet
sell
it
out
to
them
as
The
Athenians
vanquished
.
before
to
the
Scithians
,
and
Philip
hauing
this
daies
honour
,
finished
it
with
the
slaughter
of
them
all
;
yet
died
they
not
vnmindfull
of
their
ancient
glorie
:
for
looke
in
what
place
euery
man
had
charge
vnder
his
captaine
to
be
kept
,
that
place
he
as
worthily
made
good
againe
,
that
when
thorough
the
daunger
of
his
woundes
he
was
forced
to
yeeld
,
hee
couered
that
place
hee
had
in
charge
with
his
liuelesse
carcasse
being
dead
.
With
this
daye
ended
the
renowne
of
the
Empyre
,
and
the
ancient
liberties
of
Greece
.
The
ioy
of
this
victory
was
by
Phillip
politickly
dissembled
:
This
day
he
made
no
sacrifice
as
he
was
accustomed
,
he
was
not
pleasant
in
companye
,
he
had
no
enterludes
at
his
feasts
,
ware
no
Crown
,
nor
annointed
himselfe
with
sweet
oyntments
:
but
so
much
as
lay
in
men
to
councell
,
he
so
ordred
The
notable
hypocrisie
of
Philip.
this
victorie
,
that
no
iudgement
could
discerne
by
his
outward
appearance
he
reioyced
to
be
a
conqueror
.
Moreouer
he
would
not
suffer
himselfe
to
be
cald
the
king
,
but
the
captaine
of
Greece
,
finally
he
bare
so
euen
a
hande
betweene
his
owne
priuate
gladnesse
and
the
publike
sorrow
of
his
enemies
,
that
neither
could
his
own
friends
report
he
reioyced
,
nor
his
enemies
coniecture
he
was
proud
of
their
ouerthrow
.
For
as
touching
the
Athenians
,
who
by
testimony
he
had
tryed
to
be
the
most
daungerous
of
his
enemies
,
the
prisoners
of
them
he
discharged
without
ransome
,
and
deliuered
the
bodies
of
them
that
were
slaine
to
be
buryed
:
Philips
mildnesse
toward
th
Athenians
.
and
of
his
owne
disposition
,
publikely
exhorted
them
,
to
conuey
home
their
bones
,
and
bestow
them
in
the
sepulchers
of
their
ancestors
.
Besides
,
he
sent
his
sonne
Alexander
,
with
his
friend
Antipater
,
to
conclude
a
finall
peace
and
perpetuall
friendship
betweene
them
.
But
concerning
the
Thebanes
,
hee
did
not
onely
put
their
prisoners
to
ransome
,
but
made
them
pay
tribute
for
the
interring
of
their
dead
.
The
Princes
of
their
city
,
some
he
beheaded
,
others
banisht
,
and
all
their
goods
were
surprised
.
Such
as
had
beene
councellers
&
were
exiled
out
of
their
natiue
country
,
their
banishment
he
repealed
,
and
made
of
them
three
hundred
Iudges
and
rulers
of
the
common-Weale
,
giuing
vnto
them
full
commission
to
cal
before
them
,
all
the
guilty
procurers
of
their
wrongfull
banishment
,
and
proceed
His
rigor
to
the
Thebans
against
them
.
By
this
Decree
,
those
that
were
lately
great
,
were
now
araignd
of
this
trespasse
against
publike
gouernment
,
who
constantly
replied
and
all
confessed
themselues
to
be
authors
thereof
:
affirming
,
it
was
more
prosperous
with
the
Common-wealth
,
when
that
their
Iudges
were
condemned
,
then
when
they
were
restored
:
it
was
out
of
doubt
a
maruelous
courage
,
for
prisoners
to
giue
sentence
on
them
whom
they
knew
sat
to
decide
betwixt
their
life
and
death
:
as
who
would
say
,
they
disdained
to
be
acquite
at
their
enemies
hands
:
and
for
as
much
as
they
could
not
reuenge
themselues
in
work
,
they
would
vse
their
liberty
in
words
.
Phillip
hauing
setled
the
estate
of
Greece
in
an
indifferent
stay
,
summoned
a
Parliament
at
Corinth
,
for
reformation
of
such
politick
businesses
as
were
yet
vnestablished
,
where
he
enacted
a
Statute
of
peace
for
all
Greece
,
according
Philip
summon●th
a
par
lyament
.
as
he
had
experience
of
the
deseruings
of
euery
Citty
,
electing
out
of
them
all
,
one
Counsell
,
and
(
as
it
were
)
one
Senate
.
The
Lacedemonians
onely
contemned
both
the
king
and
his
lawe
,
accounting
that
peace
a
bondage
,
which
was
not
agreeable
to
the
Citties
themselues
,
and
their
ancient
liberties
,
but
were
graunted
at
the
pleasure
of
a
conqueror
.
At
this
counsell
,
was
appointed
vnto
euery
Citty
,
what
souldiers
they
should
alwaies
(
as
commaund
was
ministred
)
furnish
for
his
warres
,
either
to
assist
him
being
inuaded
by
forreign
power
,
or
to
protect
him
in
what
warre
soeuer
he
pretended
against
other
.
Vpon
this
,
great
preparation
was
made
from
all
parts
,
for
Phillip
had
made
it
apparant
to
this
counsell
,
that
so
soone
as
their
collection
ioyned
in
one
,
he
was
resolued
to
assaile
the
Empire
of
Persia
;
The
summe
of
al
his
succours
mustred
together
,
were
two
hundred
thousand
footemen
,
and
fifteene
hundred
horsemen
,
besides
which
number
,
was
also
his
host
of
Macedons
,
and
other
barbarous
Nations
bordering
thereabouts
whom
he
had
subdued
.
In
the
beginning
of
the
spring
,
he
sent
ouer
before
into
Asia
,
(
which
then
belonged
to
the
Persians
)
three
of
his
Captaines
Permenio
,
Amintas
,
and
Attalus
(
whose
sister
he
had
lately
taken
in
mariage
)
for
he
hadde
now
diuorced
himselfe
from
Olimpias
,
the
mother
of
Alexander
,
vpon
suspicion
of
adultery
,
which
was
raised
against
her
.
In
this
season
that
his
army
was
assembling
Philip
diuorceth
himselfe
from
Olympias
.
out
of
Greece
,
he
solemnized
a
marriage
,
betweene
his
daughter
Cleopatra
,
and
Alexander
whom
he
had
made
king
of
Epyre
:
which
day
was
honoured
with
the
greatest
royalty
of
triumphs
and
feasting
,
according
to
the
estate
of
two
so
great
Kings
:
there
wanted
neither
musicke
to
entice
the
eare
,
nor
diuersitie
He
marrieth
his
daughter
to
the
king
of
Epyte
.
of
shewes
,
to
satisfie
the
eye
,
that
Art
could
deuise
to
heare
and
see
:
all
which
as
Phillip
was
going
forth
without
his
Guarde
,
onely
betweene
the
two
Alexanders
,
his
sonne
,
and
sonne
in
law
,
and
himselfe
in
the
middest
,
a
young
Gentleman
of
Noble
discent
in
Macedon
,
stept
to
him
in
a
straight
place
which
he
intended
to
passe
,
and
slew
him
,
turning
that
day
into
present
He
is
slaine
.
heauinesse
,
which
was
consecrated
and
onely
appointed
to
myrth
and
pleasure
.
This
Pansanias
in
the
prime
and
delight
of
his
youth
,
was
inforced
to
com
mit
detestable
incest
,
by
the
vyolence
of
Attulus
,
who
vnsatisfied
with
that
inhumanity
his
shamelesse
disposition
executed
vpon
him
,
himselfe
broght
him
vnto
a
banquet
,
where
making
him
drunke
,
compelled
him
like
a
strumpet
to
sustaine
the
beastlinesse
not
onely
of
his
owne
desire
,
but
of
all
the
other
guests
present
:
so
that
he
was
not
only
a
iesting-stocke
vnto
al
his
companions
,
but
also
a
prostrate
Calamite
euen
to
his
inferiours
.
I
he
Gentleman
no
way
digesting
this
reproch
,
but
rather
ingendring
and
nourishing
reuenge
in
his
secret
thoughts
,
casting
euery
way
to
effect
some
action
fitting
so
foule
disgrace
,
he
oftentimes
made
complaint
of
his
wrong
,
and
became
an
earnest
suter
to
the
King
for
Iustice
;
at
whose
hand
he
was
eyther
put
off
with
delayes
,
or
was
answered
with
a
wanton
scoffe
in
stead
of
helpe
The
cause
of
Phillips
deth
.
and
redresse
:
thus
finding
his
iniury
no
way
to
be
satisfied
,
and
knowing
his
aduersary
(
in
stead
of
receiuing
punishment
from
the
king
for
his
offence
)
to
be
aduanced
to
a
captainship
,
he
grew
resolute
to
turne
his
wrath
vppon
Phillip
himselfe
,
accounting
it
happinesse
,
since
he
could
not
bee
reuenged
vpon
so
monstrous
an
enemy
,
to
reuenge
himselfe
vpon
a
wrongful
●udge
.
It
was
thought
that
this
Pansanias
was
incouraged
to
this
deed
by
Olympias
the
mother
of
alexander
,
and
that
Alexander
himselfe
was
alsopriuy
to
his
fathers
murther
,
nor
is
it
vnlike
that
Olympias
tooke
her
diuorcement
&
the
the
preferment
of
Cleopatra
,
as
grieuous
as
Pansanias
did
the
abuse
of
attulus
;
and
that
Alexander
feared
his
brother
begoten
on
his
stepmother
,
as
an
enemy
to
his
succession
after
his
father
,
for
that
his
father
had
refused
the
the
loue
of
Olimpias
,
for
the
vniust
daliance
of
another
:
for
Alexander
before
this
time
,
some
such
like
argumentes
as
these
being
in
question
at
table
,
Occasions
of
great
●●●lea●ure
between
Philllp
and
his
son
Alexander
.
first
fell
in
deffiance
with
Attalus
,
whom
he
perceiued
his
father
to
defend
,
he
then
spared
not
to
be
as
liberall
in
speech
to
him
,
insomu●h
that
his
father
rose
,
and
with
his
sword
drawn
pursued
him
so
violently
,
that
such
as
were
present
,
(
being
friends
to
bo●h
could
hardly
temper
to
a
more
cooler
iudgement
,
then
rasnnesse
of
his
will
from
killing
him
.
Vpon
which
occasion
Alexander
with
his
Mother
,
fled
vnto
his
Vnckell
King
Epire
,
and
from
thence
to
the
King
of
the
Illirians
,
in
which
,
though
seuerall
times
perswaded
,
he
would
hardly
be
reconcild
to
his
father
,
no
:
tho
he
was
sent
for
,
he
would
scarce
imbrace
any
counsel
of
his
friends
,
that
tended
to
aduise
him
to
return
,
Olimpias
at
this
time
was
also
exasperating
her
brother
who
was
King
of
Epire
,
to
raise
warre
against
Phillip
,
which
sute
,
no
question
she
had
effected
,
had
not
Phillip
preuented
it
with
the
marriage
of
his
daughter
;
and
making
him
his
sonne
in
law
these
occurrentes
therefore
are
thought
to
haue
annimated
Pansanias
forward
to
this
execution
,
who
both
hated
attalus
for
his
immodest
fact
,
and
the
king
for
neglecting
his
complaint
without
redresse
:
this
is
certaine
,
Olimpias
had
made
posthorsses
ready
to
conuey
him
thence
,
after
he
had
effected
his
pretence
,
yet
she
her selfe
when
she
heard
certainly
that
the
king
was
murthered
,
came
to
his
funerall
rites
the
same
night
,
vnder
a
great
pretence
of
duty
,
and
there
set
a
Crowne
of
gold
vpon
Pansanias
,
as
he
was
hanging
vpon
the
gallows
,
The
behauiour
o●
O●●●pias
at
the
death
of
king
Phillip
.
which
presumption
of
her●
,
may
bee
verye
well
coniectured
none
durst
haue
ventured
to
vndertake
but
only
shee
.
Shortly
after
this
,
she
tooke
downe
the
body
of
Pansanias
,
burnt
it
vppon
her
husbands
a●hes
,
built
him
a
monument
for
euerlasting
memorye
,
in
the
same
place
,
&
possest
such
a
superstitious
toy
in
the
heads
of
the
peopl●
,
that
she
made
them
yearly
sanctifie
a
day
and
keep
it
holy
in
remembrance
of
him
This
done
,
killing
Cleopatras
daughter
euen
in
the
armes
of
her
mother
,
for
whose
sake
Phillip
had
deuorced
himselfe
from
her
,
she
compelled
her
euen
in
her
sight
to
hang
her selfe
,
and
in
beholding
her
while
she
was
strangled
enioyed
the
reuengement
,
to
which
she
made
haste
by
the
murther
of
her
husband
.
The
cruelty
of
a
Woman
.
Lastly
,
she
consecrated
the
sword
,
wherewith
the
king
her
husband
was
slaine
,
vnto
Apollo
by
the
name
of
Mytralis
,
for
that
was
Olimpias
name
,
during
the
consistance
of
her
infancy
,
all
which
she
perpetrated
so
openly
as
who
should
say
,
we
feare
not
least
that
which
we
doe
should
be
alowed
.
Phillip
deceased
being
of
the
age
of
seauen
and
forty
yeares
,
when
he
had
raigned
fiue
and
twenty
yeares
,
he
begat
Larissa
a
dauncing
damsel
,
&
a
son
named
Artdeos
who
raigned
after
Alexander
,
hee
had
many
other
sons
propagated
from
seuerall
women
;
of
whom
,
some
died
of
their
naturall
death
,
some
of
the
sword
:
he
was
a
king
,
more
desirous
of
battel
then
of
banqueting
,
whose
The
description
of
king
Philip.
riches
chiefely
consisted
in
furniture
for
warre
:
he
was
more
cunning
in
getting
riches
;
then
in
keeping
them
:
and
for
al
his
tyranies
,
pollicies
,
conquests
,
taxations
,
and
the
inforced
treasure
which
he
daily
had
,
yet
was
he
alwaies
needy
.
Mercy
and
falsshod
he
loued
alike
,
he
thought
it
no
shame
to
purchase
his
desire
by
what
meanes
soeuer
he
was
possest
of
it
,
where
he
fauored
he
would
make
as
though
he
were
displeased
.
Subtle
and
captious
was
he
to
talke
vnto
,
promising
more
then
he
would
p●rforme
.
In
deuising
serious
matters
,
and
in
merie
conceites
cuuning
,
winning
friendship
for
aduantage
and
luker
,
and
not
for
faithfulnesse
.
Where
he
hated
most
,
there
he
pretended
most
fauour
,
and
to
sow
discord
,
between
such
whose
very
thoughts
had
fraternitye
together
,
seeking
for
seuerall
thankes
of
both
,
was
his
solemne
custome
.
His
talke
was
eloquent
and
ready
,
full
of
sharp
and
sententious
sayings
.
So
that
neither
facility
wanted
to
expresse
his
pleasant
inuentions
,
nor
his
inuentions
slack
to
adorne
his
eloquence
.
After
him
succeeded
Alexander
,
thriuing
beyond
his
father
,
both
in
vertues
and
in
vices
.
First
,
for
the
manner
of
their
conquests
,
it
had
no
affinitye
,
for
Alexander
atchiued
his
battels
by
force
,
Phillip
by
pollicy
;
he
reioysed
A
comparison
between
Philip
and
Alexander
.
to
beguile
his
enemies
,
this
king
to
vanquish
them
in
open
fielde
;
the
other
was
more
prudent
in
counsell
,
but
this
was
of
a
more
Princely
and
inuincible
stomack
.
The
father
would
oftentimes
dissemble
his
anger
,
and
ouercome
it
,
but
this
once
inraged
,
there
was
nothing
but
reuenge
in
his
thoughts
,
and
neuer
alaied
without
action
;
which
pursued
either
without
mercy
or
Iustice.
But
both
of
them
were
by
disposition
,
inclind
to
imoderat
and
excesse
drinking
of
wine
,
but
in
their
drunkennesse
their
purposes
had
seueral
effects
,
by
their
seuerall
disposition
.
The
father
,
would
ordinarily
rise
from
his
meate
,
and
encounter
his
enemy
euen
to
handy
blowes
,
and
vnaduisedly
cast
himselfe
into
danger
:
but
Alexander
,
outraged
not
against
his
enemies
,
but
his
especiall
friends
:
So
that
where
Phillip
came
oftentimes
from
battell
wounded
,
by
his
delperate
hardinesse
,
he
rose
from
the
table
,
a
murtherer
of
his
Captaines
.
The
father
loued
to
haue
his
friends
raigne
and
be
neare
him
,
the
sonne
to
be
a
tyrant
,
euen
vnto
his
owne
.
The
f●ther
desired
to
be
beloued
,
the
sonne
to
be
feared
;
for
learning
,
it
was
alike
to
both
of
them
.
The
father
a
man
better
tutred
in
the
principles
of
policy
,
the
son
,
best
to
be
trusted
.
Phillip
more
modest
in
his
conference
,
but
Alexander
in
his
actions
.
The
sonne
of
a
more
honorable
nature
,
ready
to
shew
mercy
to
them
he
ouercame
,
but
the
fathers
cruelty
was
not
laide
open
to
his
owne
confederates
.
The
father
was
giuen
to
thriuing
the
son
to
riot
.
By
which
means
,
the
father
to
his
glorie
,
laid
the
foundation
of
the
Monarky
of
the
whole
world
,
and
the
sonne
to
his
higher
renowne
finished
the
whole
worke
.
THE
TENTH
BOOKE
of
Iustine
.
THE
ARGVMENT
.
THe
naturall
affection
of
Artaxerxes
Mnemon
toward
his
sonne
Darius
.
His
treason
against
his
father
.
The
punishment
of
Darius
and
his
fifty
brothers
.
The
cruelty
of
Occhus
.
The
prowesse
of
Codoman
,
for
the
which
he
is
created
King
,
by
the
name
of
Darius
.
ARtaxerxes
King
of
Persia
had
a
hundred
and
fifteene
sonnes
by
his
wiues
and
concubines
,
wher
of
three
only
This
same
is
he
that
is
mentioned
before
in
the
fiue
and
six
book●s
.
were
begotten
in
lawfull
wedloc●e
,
Darius
,
Artarates
and
Occhus
.
Of
these
3.
contrary
to
the
Persians
vse
,
which
are
not
accustomed
to
make
chaung
of
their
K.
vnlesse
he
decease
,
the
father
drawne
by
intire
loue
to
his
sonne
,
so
perswaded
with
the
counsell
and
commons
,
that
in
his
life
time
he
possest
his
eldest
sonne
Darius
in
his
seat
and
dignity
,
accounting
it
honor
to
himselfe
,
that
he
saw
possest
in
his
son
:
making
the
remembrance
of
being
a
father
to
him
,
his
onely
felicity
,
and
in
his
life
time
he
behelde
the
liuely
representation
of
his
owne
royall
estate
presented
in
his
yssue
:
no
sooner
had
this
Artaxerxes
expressed
this
louing
affection
,
and
fatherly
example
toward
his
onely
sonne
,
But
Darius
forgetting
the
name
of
a
father
,
the
duty
of
a
sonne
,
all
the
lawes
of
nature
,
whereby
men
are
coniunct
in
obedience
to
their
parents
being
part
of
themselues
,
as
a
chaine
vnd●ssoluble
,
began
to
practise
the
death
of
him
whom
he
ought
most
(
as
being
the
monument
whereby
he
might
remember
himselfe
)
to
haue
studyed
to
preserue
aliue
.
Wretched
and
detestable
had
this
treason
bene
,
had
it
bene
contriued
alone
,
but
more
abhorred
was
it
,
in
that
he
drew
fifty
of
his
brothers
to
consent
〈…〉
.
with
him
in
the
acts
:
and
it
is
monst●ous
to
remember
so
hainous
a
mu●ther
,
so
Paricidiall
,
should
not
onely
be
consented
vnto
,
but
concealed
in
such
a
multitude
of
posterity
.
That
of
fifty
sonnes
,
not
one
shoulde
haue
that
remorce
of
conscience
,
whom
neither
the
feare
of
a
sathers
maiesty
,
the
reuerence
of
his
age
and
honorable
grauety
,
or
the
earnest
exemplary
affection
which
he
had
publisht
,
coulde
withdraw
from
so
outragious
a
cruelty
:
How
could
the
name
of
a
father
be
forgot
amongst
so
many
sonnes
,
that
they
,
by
whose
defence
he
ought
to
haue
bene
preserued
,
euen
against
the
practises
of
his
enemies
,
should
now
not
onely
by
their
treason
be
suprized
,
but
slaughtered
.
The
cause
of
this
pretended
murther
,
was
now
more
wicked
then
the
murther
it selfe
,
for
after
Cyrus
was
slaine
in
that
warre
he
ad●●nst
against
his
brother
,
Darius
seekes
to
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
fath●●
〈◊〉
.
(
as
is
before
mentioned
,
)
king
Artaxerxes
tooke
his
concubi●e
Aspasia
,
in
marriage
.
Darius
now
being
pleased
with
the
kingdome
his
father
resignd
to
him
,
was
also
pleased
with
his
fathers
wife
,
and
required
him
to
part
with
her
to
him
,
as
hee
already
had
dispossest
him
of
his
Empire
.
The
father
so
intangled
with
the
loue
he
bare
to
him
,
at
first
granted
him
his
consent
,
but
after
stri●ken
with
remembrance
how
vild
that
request
was
in
a
sonne
to
aske
,
and
in
a
father
to
graunt
;
he
was
moued
to
repentance
,
yet
that
he
might
modestly
deny
the
thing
he
had
rashly
promised
,
he
made
her
chiefe
priest
to
his
son
,
whereby
she
was
bound
by
the
religious
law
of
their
Nation
,
to
saue
hir selfe
chast
from
all
men
during
her
life
.
Darius
being
with
this
iust
deceipt
of
his
prouoked
to
anger
,
vnsatisfied
with
the
vnciuill
reproofe
he
gaue
him
,
immediately
after
,
vnnaturally
conspired
with
his
brothers
to
worke
a
treason
,
so
●aue
as
stretched
vnto
his
aged
life
:
but
the
faction
of
this
conspiracy
being
broke
,
the
treason
reuealde
,
and
the
rable
apprehended
,
(
as
vengeance
is
iust
punishment
of
the
Goddes
for
such
rebels
,
)
execution
was
not
delaide
of
any
of
them
for
this
pretence
.
And
that
no
Impe
shoulde
remaine
of
such
wicked
race
,
the
wiues
and
children
of
them
all
had
the
slaughter
that
was
dew
to
the
sons
and
fathers
.
But
Artaxerxes
conceiuing
an
inward
griefe
at
this
vntimely
fall
of
his
generation
,
in
that
sorrow
of
his
,
fell
sicke
and
died
,
a
far●e
happier
king
,
then
a
father
.
The
inheritance
of
this
kingdome
was
then
deliuered
ouer
to
Ochus
,
who
fearing
the
like
conspiracy
,
and
replenishing
his
pallace
with
slaughter
of
his
kindred
and
nobility
.
And
least
he
might
be
accounted
more
milde
then
those
brothers
that
would
haue
murthered
their
father
,
he
was
sparing
to
no
consanguinity
The
king●●me
〈◊〉
to
〈◊〉
.
nor
sex
whatsoeuer
,
nor
pittiful
neither
to
age
,
nor
youth
.
Thus
hauing
cleansed
this
Iealousie
from
his
kingdome
,
he
made
warre
vpon
the
Armenians
,
in
which
one
Codoman
hauing
the
fauour
and
aff●ction
of
his
Countrey
,
vndertooke
the
combate
against
one
of
Ochus
Captaines
,
who
had
graunt
of
Ochus
to
challenge
any
of
the
Armenians
in
s●●gle
A
Combat
.
fight
,
and
thereby
to
determine
the
defference
twixt
the
Armenians
and
him
.
This
Codoman
,
in
this
noble
enterprise
slue
his
enemy
,
whereby
he
both
woon
the
victory
,
&
rescued
the
honor
of
his
Countrey
,
which
lay
in
hazzard
to
be
lost
:
for
which
atchieument
,
Codoman
was
made
lieutnant
ouer
th
Armenians
,
and
in
short
time
the
life
of
Ochus
expiring
,
in
remembrance
of
his
pro●●ss●
,
the
people
created
him
their
King.
And
to
the
intent
that
nothing
should
be
wanting
in
him
,
that
appertained
to
the
seat
of
so
great
a
Monarch
,
they
called
Codomon
made
King.
him
by
the
name
of
Darius
;
who
afterward
,
with
great
industry
and
Noblenesse
of
spirit
,
held
long
warre
against
great
Alexander
,
sometime
honor
inclining
to
the
one
,
and
sometime
to
the
other
.
At
last
,
being
vanquished
by
Alexander
,
and
slaine
by
his
owne
kinsman
,
hee
ended
his
life
,
togither
with
the
Empyre
of
Persia.
The
ende
of
the
tenth
Booke
.
The
Eleventh
booke
of
Iustine
.
THE
ARGVMENT
.
MAcedon
in
an
vprore
after
the
death
of
Phillip
,
all
which
Alexander
bringeth
into
a
setled
quietnesse
.
Alexander
putteth
many
of
his
kinsfolkes
to
death
.
He
suppresseth
many
rebellions
.
He
goeth
on
in
the
Warres
that
his
father
set
on
foot
against
the
Persians
.
He
pardoneth
the
rebellion
of
the
Athenians
,
razeth
Thehes
to
the
ground
,
entreth
Asia
,
ouercommeth
Darius
,
and
ouer
throweth
many
of
his
Lieutenants
.
He
taketh
his
iourney
to
the
Citty
of
Gordis
,
&
there
he
vntieth
the
knot
of
the
waine
.
A
History
by
way
of
digression
to
the
affaires
of
the
Kings
of
Phrygia
.
Alexander
hastneth
to
Tharsus
in
Cilicia
.
He
recouereth
of
a
very
dangerous
disease
.
He
ouercommeth
Darius
againe
:
He
taketh
the
mother
,
wife
and
daughter
of
Darius
prisoners
,
one
of
which
his
prisoners
hee
marrieth
,
(
called
Barsiue
.
)
Sendeth
forth
Parmenio
to
inuade
the
Persian
sleet
:
other
of
his
Nobles
he
appointeth
to
receiue
the
Citties
of
Asia
.
He
maketh
one
Abdolominus
,
(
of
a
Gardiner
)
King
:
He
taketh
the
Citty
of
Tyrus
by
force
.
He
goeth
to
the
temple
of
●ammo
in
Egipt
,
buildeth
the
Citty
of
Alexandria
:
receiueth
diuers
Letters
from
Darius
,
and
giueth
answeres
to
the
letters
.
He
bewaileth
the
death
of
Darius
wife
.
He
receiueth
a
third
Letter
from
Darius
,
and
giueth
answere
thereunto
.
He
ouercommeth
Darius
,
and
gaineth
the
Monarchy
of
Persia
,
with
the
whole
Empire
of
Asia
.
He
rewardeth
well
his
souldiors
,
and
findeth
aboundance
of
treasure
in
the
Citty
of
Persepolis
.
Darius
bound
hand
and
foote
by
his
owne
kinsmen
,
he
is
sore
wounded
,
and
is
found
by
a
common
souldior
,
to
whom
he
vttereth
his
whole
mind
.
He
dieth
,
and
by
the
appointment
of
Alexander
is
interred
after
the
qualitie
of
his
kingly
estate
and
dignity
.
IN
the
Armye
of
Phillip
,
as
there
were
men
of
diuers
qualities
and
conditions
,
So
after
the
time
that
their
Kinge
had
receiued
his
deaths-wound
,
The
estate
of
Macedon
after
the
death
of
K.
Phillip
.
the
mindes
of
the
Macedonians
were
diuersly
moued
,
and
distracted
.
For
some
that
were
enthralled
,
and
restrained
of
their
liberties
,
were
reuiued
with
the
comfortable
hope
of
their
accustomed
freedom
.
Others
there
were
euen
ouertoyled
with
the
troublesome
wearinesse
and
woes
of
warrefare
and
farre
from
their
natiue
Countrey
,
reioyce
to
thinke
that
those
affayres
should
be
dissolued
,
and
they
dismissed
.
Many
sorry
to
behold
the
Tapers
that
were
lighted
at
the
daughters
marriage
,
to
stand
vpon
the
hearse
of
the
deceased
father
.
His
friendes
also
were
not
a
little
amazed
,
to
seethe
sudden
change
and
alteration
of
thinges
,
considering
how
Asia
was
but
latelie
chalenged
,
Europe
scarcely
yet
conquered
,
and
that
the
Illyrians
,
Thracians
,
Dardanians
,
and
other
barbarous
Nations
,
were
as
vnconstant
of
mind
,
as
vnfaithfull
of
promise
.
All
which
people
(
if
at
one
time
they
should
rebell
)
it
were
not
possible
any
way
to
repell
their
commotions
.
But
vnto
these
mischieses
the
comming
of
Alexander
was
a
present
remedie
.
For
in
an
Oration
The
wise
behamour
of
Alexander
.
deliuered
unto
the
people
,
he
did
not
only
free
their
heartes
from
feare
,
but
confirmed
in
their
hopes
,
a
conceipt
of
all
happy
successe
.
Hee
was
then
twenty
yeares
olde
,
in
which
age
,
his
modesty
was
such
,
as
that
it
promised
much
more
then
was
expected
.
He
gaue
the
Macedons
a
cleere
discharge
of
all
things
,
saue
onely
of
the
Warres
,
by
which
he
purchased
to
himselfe
so
much
fauour
,
and
ingraffed
so
good
liking
in
all
mens
opinions
,
that
they
saide
,
They
had
changed
the
body
of
the
King
,
but
not
his
vertues
.
His
first
and
chiefest
reguard
was
,
to
performe
the
funerall
rightes
of
his
father
,
with
such
solemnity
as
became
the
greatnesse
of
his
estate
.
In
the
obsequies
whereof
(
before
all
other
things
)
he
caused
such
to
be
executed
vpon
his
Fathers
Toombe
,
as
were
any
waye
The
murder●●s
of
King
Phillip
punished
.
accessary
to
his
death
.
Only
he
pardoned
Alexander
of
Lincest
his
brother
,
for
that
he
was
the
first
that
saluted
him
by
the
name
of
King.
But
he
caused
his
halfe
brother
Daranus
to
be
put
to
death
as
an
underminer
of
his
estate
.
In
the
beginning
of
his
raigne
,
he
subdued
many
Countries
that
rebelled
,
and
suppressed
diuers
insurrections
,
euen
in
their
beginning
.
By
which
being
greatly
encouraged
,
he
trauailed
into
Greece
,
where
after
the
example
of
his
father
,
he
summoned
the
citties
to
appeare
before
him
at
Corinth
,
and
was
substituted
Captaine
generall
of
the
forces
,
and
thereupon
he
immediatly
prosecuted
the
wars
against
the
Persyans
,
which
were
begun
by
his
Alexander
prosecuteth
the
warres
of
his
father
.
father
:
but
as
he
was
busied
in
furnishing
the
same
,
tidinges
were
brought
him
,
that
the
Athenians
,
Lacedemonians
and
Thebans
,
were
reuolted
from
him
to
the
Persyans
,
and
that
Demosthenes
the
Oratour
,
(
whom
they
had
corrupted
with
gold
)
was
author
of
that
reuolt
:
and
auouched
before
the
people
,
that
the
King
of
Macedon
with
all
his
hoast
were
slaine
by
the
Triballes
,
bringing
his
tales-man
in
open
audience
,
who
(
to
make
the
matter
good
)
affirmed
that
he
himselfe
was
wounded
with
the
King
in
the
same
battell
.
Vpon
which
report
,
the
minds
almost
of
all
the
Citties
were
changed
and
the
garrisons
of
the
Macedones
besieged
:
to
preuent
which
motions
,
Alexander
entred
He
ouercommeth
the
commotions
in
Greece
.
into
Greece
,
with
his
army
so
well
appointed
,
and
in
such
good
order
of
battell
,
that
they
scarce
beleeued
their
owne
eies
,
when
they
saw
him
,
because
they
had
not
heard
,
or
receiued
former
notice
of
his
comming
.
In
his
way
thither
,
h●
exhorted
the
Thessalians
to
keep
their
aleagiance
,
vrging
still
the
benefits
that
his
father
had
extended
towards
them
,
and
putting
them
in
minde
of
the
kindered
and
alliance
that
was
betwixt
him
and
them
,
by
his
mothers
side
,
which
came
of
the
stocke
of
Aeacus
.
The
Thessalians
entertained
those
speeches
with
much
ioy
and
admiration
,
and
establisht
him
in
the
place
that
his
father
formerly
possessed
,
which
was
chiefe
Duke
of
their
Countrey
,
yeelding
him
all
the
tributes
,
and
reuenues
,
thereunto
due
,
and
accustomed
.
But
the
Athenians
as
they
were
the
first
that
reuolted
,
so
were
the
first
that
repented
:
wondring
at
the
disdaine
of
their
enemie
and
extolling
the
childhood
of
Alexander
(
whom
before
they
held
in
scorne
)
aboue
the
prowesse
of
their
ancient
captain
.
Therefore
they
dispatcht
Aambassadors
with
intreaty
of
peace
,
and
pardon
:
Whom
Alexander
hearing
,
(
after
many
rebukes
giuen
them
for
their
insolency
)
made
ioyfull
in
the
fruition
of
their
request
.
From
thence
he
turned
his
power
towards
Thebes
intending
to
haue
shewed
the
like
mercy
to
them
,
if
he
had
found
the
like
repentance
in
them
.
But
the
Thebanes
in
stead
of
submission
and
intreaty
went
to
it
with
force
of
armes
.
So
soone
therefore
as
they
were
vanquished
they
suffered
the
grieuous
punishment
of
miserable
thrauldome
and
captiuity
.
When
the
matter
came
to
be
debated
in
counsell
as
concerning
the
destruction
of
the
Citty
,
the
Phocenses
,
Platecenses
,
Thespians
and
Orchomenians
,
(
Alexanders
confederats
and
pertakers
at
his
victory
)
found
fault
with
the
The
h●tred
that
fell
betweene
the
Thebans
and
Gree●an●
.
cruelty
of
the
Thebanes
in
destroying
their
Citties
,
and
with
the
good
will
they
alwaies
bare
to
the
Persians
,
not
at
that
time
onely
,
but
of
olde
to
the
open
preiudice
of
the
Grecyan
liberty
.
That
their
dealings
had
purchased
a
generall
hatred
of
the
people
,
this
might
be
an
euident
proofe
that
they
had
all
bound
themselues
with
an
oath
to
raze
Thebes
,
as
soone
as
they
had
ouercome
the
Persians
.
And
that
they
might
be
the
more
hated
,
not
onely
for
their
present
disloialty
,
but
for
their
former
impudency
,
they
pronounced
that
they
had
cloied
all
stages
with
playes
made
of
their
wicked
and
detested
proceedings
.
Then
Cleadas
one
of
the
prisoners
hauing
free
liberty
of
speech
,
affirmed
The
conncel
of
Eleadastor
to
saue
the
Citty
.
that
the
Thebanes
had
reuolted
from
the
Kings
heires
,
and
not
from
the
king
whom
they
heard
to
be
slaine
.
Which
deed
if
it
were
any
trespasse
,
it
might
rather
be
imputed
to
the
oresight
of
light
credit
,
then
to
any
vntroth
or
infidelity
,
for
which
notwithstanding
they
had
already
endured
great
punishment
,
for
the
youth
of
the
citty
being
put
to
the
sword
,
there
suruiued
none
,
but
a
company
of
women
,
and
old
men
,
which
as
they
were
feeble
,
so
were
they
vnable
to
doe
harme
,
yet
had
they
beene
vexed
with
many
rauishments
,
and
other
shamefull
displeasures
.
Wherefore
this
intercession
was
not
for
his
Countrey
folke
(
whereof
there
were
so
few
left
)
but
the
guiltlesse
soyle
of
his
Countrey
,
and
the
towne
it selfe
,
in
which
not
men
onely
,
but
Goddes
had
receiued
their
birth
,
and
Natiuity
.
For
a
pryuate
superstitious
instance
to
entreate
the
king
withall
,
he
alleaged
that
Hercules
(
from
whom
the
house
of
the
Acacydes
do
fetch
their
petigree
)
was
borne
among
them
,
and
that
his
father
Phillip
had
passed
his
childhood
at
Thebes
:
beseeching
him
to
spare
that
cittie
,
which
honoured
some
of
his
auncestors
that
were
borne
their
as
Goddes
and
had
seen
other
of
them
that
were
there
brought
vp
raised
to
the
possession
of
royall
and
kingly
Diadems
.
But
wrath
preuailed
before
intreaty
.
The
citty
therefore
was
razed
,
the
Lands
deuided
amongst
the
Conquerors
,
and
the
prisoners
saued
vnder
a
Garland
,
the
price
whereof
was
set
,
not
to
the
aduantage
of
the
buyers
,
but
according
to
the
malice
of
the
enimies
.
The
Athenians
thought
it
a
miserable
sight
,
and
therefore
opened
their
Gates
for
the
refuge
of
such
as
had
escaped
by
slight
,
contrary
to
the
Kings
commaundement
.
At
which
deede
Alexander
tooke
such
displeasure
,
that
when
their
Ambassadors
came
againe
to
sue
for
peace
,
he
remitted
their
offence
,
vpon
condition
that
they
should
yeeld
into
his
hands
their
Captains
Alexander
d●maunde●●
,
the
first
beg●●●er
of
these
br●●les
.
and
Orators
,
vpon
whose
trust
they
did
so
often
fall
into
rebellion
.
The
Athenians
ready
to
satisfie
his
commaund
,
because
they
were
willing
to
allow
his
coacted
constraint
of
Warre
,
the
matter
was
brought
to
this
yssue
,
that
they
still
retained
their
Orators
,
and
banished
their
Captaines
:
who
immediately
bending
their
courses
to
Darius
,
did
not
a
little
increafe
the
strength
of
the
Persians
.
At
his
setting
forth
to
the
warres
in
Persia
,
he
put
to
death
al
his
mother
in
lawes
kinsmen
,
whom
Phillip
had
raised
to
high
promotions
:
and
made
rulers
of
countries
,
neither
spared
he
such
of
his
owne
kindred
,
as
seemd
meete
His
mother
in
lawes
〈◊〉
put
to
d●ath
.
to
vndertake
rule
or
gouernment
,
least
(
while
he
was
making
warre
a
farre
off
)
occasion
of
rebellion
should
remaine
in
Macedon
.
Such
kinges
also
(
of
any
wisedome
or
Capacitie
)
as
were
tributaries
,
he
tooke
with
him
to
the
warres
,
leauing
at
home
the
old
men
to
gouerne
his
kingdome
.
Then
assembled
he
all
his
power
,
and
tooke
shippe
.
Out
of
which
as
soone
as
he
beheld
Asia
,
in
is
courage
he
grew
wonderfully
inflamed
,
and
made
twelue
altars
to
the
gods
,
as
a
vow
for
prosperous
successe
in
his
warres
.
The
inheritance
he
had
in
Macedon
,
and
Europe
,
he
deuided
among
his
friends
,
saying
that
Asia
was
enough
for
himselfe
.
Before
any
saile
departed
Alexander
deuideth
his
inheritance
in
Macedon
among
his
friends
from
the
shore
,
he
slue
sacrifices
,
making
his
prayer
for
victory
by
battell
,
as
by
which
he
was
best
to
be
the
reuenger
of
Greece
,
that
so
often
times
before
had
bene
assailed
of
the
Persians
,
whose
Monarchy
had
continued
long
enough
,
and
was
come
to
such
perfit
ripenesse
,
that
it
was
high
time
for
some
other
to
take
the
roome
,
of
more
woorth
and
hability
to
vndergoe
it
.
Neither
was
the
Army
of
lesse
corage
then
the
King
himselfe
.
For
without
remembrance
of
their
wiues
and
children
,
they
forgot
they
shoulde
make
warre
farre
from
home
,
and
as
sure
account
to
possesse
the
Gold
of
the
Persians
,
and
the
riches
of
the
whole
East
,
as
if
it
had
beene
their
owne
already
,
nothing
dreading
the
dangers
of
the
Warre
,
but
doubting
their
courages
,
by
an
vndoubted
expectation
of
purchase
,
and
victory
.
Assoone
as
they
were
come
to
land
,
Alexander
first
of
all
threw
a
dart
,
as
it
were
in
the
face
of
his
enemies
,
and
in
his
armor
lept
out
of
his
ship
,
and
so
kild
his
sacrifices
,
praying
the
Goddes
that
those
countries
might
willingly
receiue
him
as
their
King.
In
the
same
places
also
he
kept
funerals
at
the
Tombes
of
such
as
were
slaine
at
the
battell
of
Troy
.
Then
sought
he
for
his
enemy
,
straightly
charging
his
souldiors
to
make
no
wast
in
the
countrey
of
Asia
,
saying
it
was
but
reason
,
to
spare
that
,
which
they
intended
should
be
their
owne
,
and
to
make
no
hauocke
of
those
things
,
which
they
purposely
came
to
possesse
.
In
his
Army
were
thirty
two
thousand
footemen
,
foure
thousand
and
fiue
hundred
horsemen
,
and
one
hundreth
,
fourescore
,
and
two
shippes
.
And
it
is
to
be
doubted
,
whether
it
might
be
The
number
of
Ale●and
.
b●●st
.
more
wondred
,
that
with
a
handful
of
men
he
conquered
the
whole
world
,
or
that
he
durst
giue
the
enterprise
to
attempt
it
:
Considering
that
to
so
daungerous
a
warfarre
he
made
not
choyce
of
lusty
young
men
,
and
such
as
were
in
the
prime
of
youth
,
but
old
worne
Souldiers
,
and
such
,
whereof
many
by
reason
of
their
yeares
,
were
exempted
from
the
warres
,
who
had
serued
vnder
his
father
,
and
his
vnckles
;
So
that
it
might
well
haue
been
thought
,
that
he
had
not
pickt
out
souldiers
but
rather
maisters
of
chyualry
.
Moreouer
none
had
the
leadings
of
any
band
,
that
was
vnder
the
age
of
threescore
yeares
old
.
So
that
a
man
beholding
the
chiefe
officers
of
his
campe
,
would
haue
sayde
,
he
had
seene
the
Senate
of
some
auncient
common-wealth
.
There
was
none
therefore
that
put
more
trust
to
his
legges
,
then
his
armes
,
neither
did
any
man
thinke
of
running
away
,
but
of
getting
the
victory
.
On
the
other
side
Daryus
king
of
Persya
trusting
in
his
owne
strength
,
refused
to
doe
any
thing
by
pollicy
,
affirming
that
it
stoode
not
with
his
honor
to
steale
the
conquest
,
or
The
〈◊〉
of
Darius
.
to
keepe
his
enemy
from
the
borders
of
his
Kingdome
,
but
rather
to
receiue
him
into
the
bowles
of
his
realme
:
and
that
it
should
adde
more
honor
to
his
name
to
expell
him
by
force
,
then
not
to
permit
his
entrance
.
The
first
encounter
therefore
,
was
in
the
plaines
of
Adrast.
In
the
hoste
of
the
Persians
were
siue
hundred
thousand
fighting
men
,
whereof
many
being
slaughtered
The
number
of
the
Persyans
.
the
suruiuing
residue
turned
their
backes
and
fled
,
being
vanquished
as
much
by
the
pollicy
of
Alexander
,
as
by
the
puissaunce
of
the
Macedons
.
Of
Alexanders
host
,
were
slaine
nine
footemen
,
and
an
hundreth
and
twenty
horsemen
,
Whom
the
king
(
the
more
to
encourage
the
remainer
of
his
souldiors
)
caused
to
bee
sumptuously
buried
and
their
Images
to
be
set
on
their
Toombes
,
and
gaue
great
priuiledges
to
their
kinsfolke
.
In
this
victory
the
greater
part
of
Asia
fell
vnto
him
.
He
fought
many
battels
with
the
lieutenants
of
Darius
,
whom
he
(
not
somuch
by
force
by
the
terror
of
his
name
)
did
afterwards
vanquish
,
and
subdue
.
In
the
meane
time
Alexander
(
by
the
confession
of
a
prisoner
)
receiued
information
that
Alexander
of
Lincest
,
the
sonne
of
antipater
,
whom
he
had
left
his
vicegerent
in
Macedon
,
went
about
to
worke
treason
against
him
.
Yet
distrusting
that
if
he
should
put
him
to
death
,
there
would
rise
some
commotion
in
Macedon
,
he
committed
him
to
safekeeping
.
This
done
,
he
marched
towards
the
citty
of
Gordis
,
the
which
is
scituate
between
the
greater
and
the
lesser
Phrigia
.
The
desire
that
Alexander
had
to
get
this
city
in
his
possession
,
was
not
so
much
for
the
riches
,
Of
the
Citty
of
Gordis
&
Gordi●●
Waine
.
or
the
worth
of
it
,
as
because
he
heard
say
,
that
in
that
citty
in
the
temple
of
Iupiter
,
was
the
yoke
of
Gordius
waine
,
the
knot
whereof
whosoeuer
could
vndoe
,
the
auncient
Oracles
had
prophecied
,
should
be
king
of
all
Asia
.
The
occasion
,
and
originall
hereof
was
this
.
As
one
Gordias
was
going
to
plough
in
the
countrey
,
with
oxen
that
he
had
hired
,
birds
of
all
sortes
began
to
fly
about
him
.
And
as
he
went
to
aske
counsell
of
the
Southsaiers
of
the
citty
,
by
the
way
he
met
with
a
maide
of
excellent
beauty
,
and
crauing
her
aduice
to
what
Southsayer
he
were
best
to
go
,
she
answered
(
after
the
relation
of
the
matter
)
that
by
the
insight
she
had
her selfe
into
the
same
science
,
by
the
instruction
of
her
father
and
mother
,
it
signified
he
should
be
a
king
,
and
therevpon
offered
her selfe
to
be
his
partaker
both
of
wedlocke
,
and
of
the
kingdome
A
maid
shev●eth
Go●dias
the
meaning
of
the
Bi●des
predestinate
vnto
him
.
He
thought
himselfe
happy
to
haue
such
afaire
offer
at
the
first
entry
of
his
kingdome
.
After
the
marriage
solemnized
,
the
Phrygyans
amongst
themselues
fell
at
discord
and
discention
.
And
when
they
asked
counsell
of
the
Oracle
how
the
same
might
be
appeased
,
answere
was
made
that
it
could
not
be
ended
without
the
helpe
of
a
king
.
Demaunding
againe
,
of
the
person
of
their
king
,
what
manner
of
man
he
should
be
,
commaundement
was
giuen
them
,
that
they
should
marke
,
whom
they
first
saw
after
their
returne
,
ryding
into
the
Temple
of
Iupiter
,
and
take
him
for
their
king
.
The
first
man
they
met
,
was
this
Gordias
,
whom
they
presently
saluted
by
the
name
of
King.
The
chariot
wherin
he
rode
,
when
the
kingdome
was
imposed
vpon
him
,
he
placed
in
the
Temple
of
Iupiter
,
and
consecrated
it
for
an
offering
,
as
a
thing
accustomed
for
Kings
to
doe
at
their
Coronation
.
After
the
raigne
of
Gordias
,
his
sonne
Mydas
,
(
who
was
trained
vp
by
Orpheus
in
many
superstitious
Ceremonies
)
filled
all
the
realme
with
sectes
of
Midas
traind
vp
vnder
Orpheus
.
religion
;
by
which
,
more
then
by
his
cheualry
his
life
was
safe
and
secure
from
perill
and
daunger
.
Alexander
hauing
taken
the
towne
,
and
comming
into
the
Temple
of
Iupiter
,
immediatly
inquired
for
the
yoke
of
the
waine
:
the
which
being
brought
before
him
,
and
he
(
vpon
sight
thereof
)
finding
himselfe
vnable
to
come
by
the
ends
of
the
thonges
that
were
hidden
with
the
wreathes
,
wrested
the
Oracle
to
the
vttermost
,
and
cut
them
asunder
with
his
sword
,
and
so
the
wreathes
being
losed
,
he
found
the
endes
of
the
knots
within
the
braides
.
As
this
was
doing
,
tydinges
were
brought
him
,
that
Darius
approched
with
an
huge
army
of
Men
,
vpon
which
fearing
to
be
encompassed
within
the
straights
,
he
made
all
possible
speede
to
passe
the
mountaine
Taurus
,
in
which
hast
he
ran
fiue
hundreth
furlonges
.
When
he
came
to
Tarsus
,
he
was
much
delighted
with
the
pleasantnesse
of
the
riuer
Cidnus
,
which
runneth
through
the
middest
of
the
Citty
,
and
as
he
Alexander
in
great
danger
by
a
surfet
.
was
full
of
dust
and
sweat
,
he
threw
himselfe
naked
into
the
cold
water
,
which
forthwith
begat
such
a
stifnesse
through
al
his
sinewes
,
that
he
lost
his
speech
,
and
was
in
such
danger
of
death
,
that
he
seemed
past
hope
of
recouery
.
Onely
there
was
one
of
his
Physitians
,
named
Phillip
,
which
warranted
him
his
life
.
And
yet
the
same
Phisition
was
had
in
mistrust
,
by
reason
of
the
letters
sent
the
day
before
out
of
Cappadocia
from
Permenio
.
Who
knowing
nothing
of
Alexanders
mischance
,
wrote
vnto
him
to
take
heede
of
Phillip
his
Phisition
,
for
he
was
corrupted
by
Darius
for
a
great
summe
of
money
.
Yet
Alexander
thought
it
his
better
safety
to
commit
himself
into
the
hands
of
the
phisition
,
then
to
abide
the
danger
of
his
disease
,
whereof
there
was
litle
hope
but
death
.
Therefore
he
tooke
the
drinke
that
the
Phisition
had
made
him
,
and
deliuered
him
the
letter
:
And
as
he
was
drinking
,
hee
stedfastly
beheld
his
face
,
to
obserue
and
marke
what
countenance
he
would
carry
at
the
reading
thereof
.
But
he
was
nothing
abashed
therat
,
which
Alexander
was
very
glad
of
,
and
the
fourth
day
after
recouered
his
health
.
Darius
therefore
with
three
hundred
thousand
footemen
,
and
an
hundreth
thousand
horsemen
proceeded
vnto
battel
.
Which
huge
multitude
of
enimies
when
Alexander
beheld
,
he
was
much
The
second
encounter
of
alexander
&
Darius
moued
,
in
respect
of
the
small
number
of
his
men
;
yet
when
he
called
againe
to
minde
what
great
enterprizes
he
had
atchieued
,
and
how
mighty
Countries
he
had
conquered
with
that
small
quantity
,
he
vanquished
all
feare
with
hope
(
the
mindes
best
comforter
)
and
thought
it
daungerous
to
delay
the
battell
,
least
his
men
should
be
discouraged
.
Therefore
he
rode
about
his
Army
,
and
with
sundry
orations
did
anymate
the
hearts
of
his
company
.
The
Illirians
and
Thracians
he
encouraged
with
promise
of
great
riches
,
and
substance
.
The
Greekes
he
set
on
fire
with
remembrance
of
their
former
warres
,
and
their
continuall
hatred
against
the
Persians
.
The
Macedons
he
put
in
minde
of
Europe
already
conquered
,
and
of
Asia
now
conquered
:
perswading
them
that
in
the
world
there
wer
not
men
like
them
for
strength
and
magnaminitye
,
and
that
this
battell
would
make
an
end
of
their
troubles
,
and
immortally
eternize
their
glory
.
In
speaking
these
wordes
,
he
commaunded
his
batels
to
stand
still
againe
,
that
by
pausing
,
they
might
acquaint
their
eies
with
the
huge
number
of
their
enemies
.
Darius
also
was
not
remisse
in
ordering
of
his
battels
,
for
whereas
it
belonged
to
the
duty
of
his
Captaines
to
doe
it
,
he
went
himselfe
to
each
ranke
,
and
exhorted
them
all
to
play
the
men
,
putting
them
in
remembrance
of
the
auncient
renowne
of
the
Persians
,
and
of
the
perpetuall
possession
of
the
Empire
giuen
them
by
the
the
Goddes
.
This
done
,
with
great
courage
both
the
armies
buckled
togeather
.
And
in
that
battell
both
kings
were
wounded
,
and
the
victory
hung
in
doubtfull
suspence
,
till
Darius
,
forsook
the
field
.
Then
followed
the
slaughter
of
the
Persians
,
of
whom
were
slaine
threescore
thousand
footemen
,
ten
thousand
horsmen
,
The
slaughter
of
the
persyans
.
and
forty
thousand
were
taken
prisoners
.
Of
the
Macedons
,
were
put
to
sword
,
an
hundreth
and
thirty
footemen
,
and
an
hundreth
and
fifty
horsemen
.
In
the
tents
of
the
Persians
was
found
much
gold
and
other
riches
.
Amongst
others
,
were
taken
prisoners
Darius
Mother
,
his
wife
,
and
two
of
his
daughters
.
Whom
when
Alexander
came
to
visit
and
comfort
,
they
made
a
great
skreeking
,
vppon
sight
of
the
harnisht
men
,
and
imbraced
one
another
,
as
if
there
had
beene
no
other
way
with
them
,
but
present
death
.
They
fell
prostrate
at
Alexanders
seete
,
not
entreating
pardon
for
their
liues
,
but
beseeching
respit
for
a
time
to
celebrate
the
funerals
of
Darius
.
Alexander
seeing
the
tender
affection
of
the
women
was
moued
with
pitty
,
and
told
them
that
Darius
was
yet
liuing
,
wishing
them
to
be
of
good
cheere
The
●lemen●y
of
alexander
for
no
violence
should
be
don
;
but
esteemed
as
queenes
,
and
wel
intreated
.
He
also
willed
that
the
daughters
of
Daryus
should
trust
in
him
for
their
aduaunsment
in
marriage
,
both
for
their
fathers
honour
and
reputation
.
After
this
,
he
beheld
the
ritches
,
Iewels
,
and
apparell
of
Darius
,
which
when
he
sawe
,
he
was
struck
with
admiration
and
wonder
.
Then
began
he
to
make
riotous
banquets
,
sumtuous
feasts
,
and
to
fall
in
loue
with
Barsiue
(
for
her
beauty
and
fauour
)
who
was
one
of
prisoners
,
and
of
whom
afterward
he
begat
a
Sonne
,
and
named
him
Hercules
;
neuerthelesse
remembring
that
Darius
was
yet
aliue
,
he
sent
Parmenio
to
inuade
the
Persian
●leete
,
and
appointed
other
of
his
friends
to
receiue
the
Citties
of
Asia
.
Which
immediately
vpon
the
report
of
Alexanders
victory
yeelded
to
the
conqueror
,
so
did
the
Lieuetenants
also
that
Darius
had
placed
ouer
them
,
bringing
with
them
a
great
masse
of
money
and
treasure
.
Then
set
he
forwards
into
Siria
,
where
many
Kings
met
him
with
their
crownes
on
their
heads
to
doe
him
royall
entertaine
.
Of
whome
(
according
to
the
measure
of
their
merit
)
some
he
had
receiued
into
fauor
,
some
againe
he
deposed
and
substituted
others
to
raigne
in
their
steades
.
Amongst
all
other
Abdolminus
(
whom
Alexander
made
king
of
Sydon
is
worthy
A
〈◊〉
made
〈◊〉
of
Sydon
.
to
be
remembred
.
For
of
a
me●cinary
poore
Gardener
,
that
before
leade
his
life
miserablye
,
and
was
went
for
wages
to
cast
pondes
,
and
watercourses
,
Alexander
made
him
a
king
,
setting
aside
the
respect
of
the
Nobility
,
least
they
for
their
birth
,
and
lynage
might
haue
seemed
to
challenge
it
of
duty
,
and
not
to
accept
it
,
as
a
free
guist
.
The
Cittizens
of
Tyre
sent
their
Amb●ssadors
to
Alexander
with
a
waighty
Crowne
of
massie
gold
,
for
ioy
of
his
good
successe
:
who
thankfully
accepting
their
present
,
replied
that
his
intent
was
,
●re
long
to
visit
Tyre
,
and
to
performe
Alexander
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
his
vowes
to
Hercules
.
But
when
the
Ambassadors
vnderstoode
his
purpose
,
they
replyed
againe
that
he
might
doe
that
better
in
olde
Tyre
,
and
in
the
old
Temple
,
and
made
earnest
desire
that
he
would
not
enter
into
the
new
towne
.
Whereat
he
tooke
such
heauy
displeasure
that
he
threatned
vtterly
to
ruinate
and
destroy
the
Citty
,
and
forthwith
brought
his
Army
to
the
Iland
,
and
the
Tyrians
,
ful
of
courage
and
resolution
,
trusting
also
to
the
people
of
Ca●thage
,
for
welcome
entertained
him
with
warres
.
For
they
were
not
a
little
encouraged
by
the
example
of
Dido
who
builded
Carthage
,
and
conquered
the
third
parte
of
the
worlde
,
thinking
it
no
small
disgrace
to
them
,
if
their
women
should
be
more
commended
for
their
magnaminity
in
conquering
:
then
they
had
in
defending
their
liberty
.
Wherefore
they
sent
all
such
to
Carthage
as
were
thought
vnmeete
for
the
warres
,
and
brought
other
supplie
in
their
steade
.
Howbeit
,
not
long
after
their
towne
was
surpryzed
and
taken
by
Treason
.
And
Alexander
receiued
the
Rhodes
,
Egypt
,
and
Cilicia
,
without
resistance
,
or
stroke
of
warre
.
Then
tooke
he
his
iourney
to
Iupiter
Hammon
,
to
inquire
alexander
go
●th
to
Hammo
〈◊〉
Egypt
.
of
the
chaunces
of
future
accidents
,
and
to
be
resolued
of
the
condition
and
quality
of
his
owne
birth
.
For
his
mother
Olympias
had
secretly
deliuered
to
Phillip
her
husband
that
she
conceiued
not
Alexander
by
him
but
by
a
Serpent
of
admirable
bignesse
.
And
Phillip
himselfe
but
a
little
before
his
death
,
had
openly
reported
that
he
was
not
his
Sonne
:
wherevpon
(
as
though
she
had
playd
false
with
him
)
he
put
away
Olimpias
.
Alexander
therefore
being
desirous
to
fetch
his
pedigree
from
the
gods
,
and
deliuer
his
Mother
from
slander
of
the
world
,
addressed
Messengers
priuily
before
to
the
Priestes
,
to
direct
them
,
what
answer
he
would
haue
them
to
make
.
As
soone
as
he
entred
into
the
Temple
,
the
Prelats
saluted
him
by
the
name
of
the
sonne
of
Hammon
.
And
he
reioycing
at
this
adoption
of
the
gods
gaue
commaundement
that
al
men
in
generall
should
take
him
for
his
father
.
Then
he
demaunded
whether
they
had
inflicted
punishment
on
such
as
were
guilty
of
the
murther
of
his
father
.
They
made
answer
that
his
father
could
neither
dye
,
nor
be
killed
,
but
as
for
the
death
of
king
Phillip
,
the
dooers
there
of
had
receiued
sufficient
and
condigne
punishment
.
To
his
third
demaund
they
answered
,
that
he
should
tryumpth
in
victory
,
and
be
conqueror
in
all
battel●
:
and
should
be
entitled
the
owner
of
the
vniuersall
world
,
and
the
riches
thereof
.
●o
such
also
as
attended
vppon
him
,
especiall
charge
was
giuen
to
honor
Alexander
as
a
god
,
and
not
a
king
.
Which
made
him
grow
to
such
exceeding
haughtinesse
,
and
pride
,
that
the
gentlenesse
which
he
had
learned
by
the
li●terature
of
the
Greekes
,
and
the
instructions
of
the
Macedones
,
was
quite
rased
out
of
his
thoughts
.
As
he
returned
from
Hammon
,
he
caused
Alexandria
to
be
builded
,
and
peopled
it
with
Macedones
,
ordaining
it
to
bee
the
head
Citty
of
Egypt
.
Darius
〈…〉
being
escaped
to
Babylon
dispatched
his
letters
to
Alexander
,
intreating
that
the
women
(
taken
prisoners
by
him
)
might
be
ransomed
and
set
at
liberty
,
and
to
that
end
he
prosfered
a
great
Summe
of
money
.
But
Alexander
returned
answere
,
that
they
were
not
to
be
ransomed
for
money
,
nor
vnder
the
value
of
his
whole
kingdomes
possession
.
Not
long
after
came
another
letter
from
Darius
to
Alexander
wherein
hee
made
tender
of
one
of
his
daughters
in
mariage
,
and
a
portion
of
his
kingdom
with
her
.
But
Alexander
sent
him
word
againe
,
that
the
thinges
he
proffered
were
his
owne
already
,
and
willed
him
rather
to
come
,
and
submit
himselfe
,
and
to
a
put
the
ordering
of
his
kingdome
to
the
dis●reation
of
his
Soueraigne
.
The●
(
past
all
hope
of
peace
)
Darius
addressed
himselfe
againe
to
the
warres
,
and
with
foure
thousand
footemen
,
and
ten
thousand
horsemen
marched
towards
Alexander
.
In
his
iourney
newes
was
brought
him
of
his
wiues
decease
in
deliuerance
of
a
child
before
her
time
,
and
that
Alexander
shed
teares
for
hir
death
,
and
accompanyed
her
co●ple
to
the
bur●all
,
not
for
any
lasciuions
loue
but
of
his
〈…〉
owne
me●r
c●●●●●sie
,
and
true
honorable
disposition
,
for
he
neuer
saw
her
but
once
in
all
l●f●
.
Darius
then
thinking
himselfe
wholly
vanquished
,
and
〈◊〉
that
〈◊〉
so
many
battels
,
his
enemy
had
also
ouer
come
him
with
kindnes
,
thought
it
the
lesse
disparagement
vnto
his
report
,
sithe
he
could
not
get
the
victory
that
it
was
his
chance
to
be
vanquished
by
so
worthy
a
conqueror
.
Wherefore
he
directed
the
third
letter
vnto
him
,
giuing
him
thankes
,
that
he
had
not
ill
intreated
his
prisoners
,
nor
shewed
them
any
extremity
:
Offering
〈…〉
.
him
the
greater
parte
of
his
kingdome
,
euen
the
riuer
Euphrates
,
with
another
of
his
daughters
to
wise
:
and
for
the
rest
of
his
prisoners
thirty
thousand
talents
.
Hereunto
Alexander
made
answere
that
he
expected
not
thankes
at
his
enemie●hands
,
for
what
he
had
done
was
not
to
slatter
him
withall
,
or
to
seeke
any
●●●●nce
against
the
vncertaine
euent
of
warre
,
or
for
articles
of
peace
,
but
to
sh●●
he
owne
noble
heart
,
which
taught
him
to
contend
with
the
power
of
his
〈◊〉
,
and
n●t
with
their
callamyties
,
promising
to
perso●me
all
Darius
request
,
if
he
would
acknowledge
himselfe
as
next
vnto
him
,
and
not
as
his
e
〈◊〉
for
as
the
world
could
not
be
ruled
if
there
were
two
suns
,
so
could
it
not
be
by
two
Soueraigne
kings
.
Therefore
aduised
him
either
to
submit
himselfe
the
same
day
,
or
else
to
prepare
himselfe
to
battell
the
next
day
,
and
not
to
beguile
his
hopes
with
the
expectation
of
any
other
victory
,
then
what
he
had
tryed
already
.
The
next
day
they
brought
their
men
into
the
field
.
But
sodainely
before
the
battell
Alexander
fell
a
sleepe
,
being
very
heauy
,
and
surprized
with
the
multitude
of
cares
,
and
discontentments
.
And
when
all
his
men
were
in
readinesse
to
giue
the
charge
vpon
their
enemies
,
the
king
onely
was
missing
.
Who
afterwardes
being
very
hardly
awaked
by
Parmenio
,
and
of
all
his
men
demaunded
the
cause
of
his
so
sounde
sleeping
in
a
time
so
daungerous
,
seeing
he
was
formerly
accustomed
to
content
himselfe
with
very
little
sleepe
euen
when
the
quietnesse
of
his
affaires
gaue
occasion
of
all
leisure
,
and
liberty
:
he
made
answere
that
he
was
deliuered
of
a
great
feare
,
and
that
he
had
slept
of
a
sodaine
content
that
came
on
him
,
&
pleased
all
his
sences
;
for
that
at
once
he
should
encounter
with
the
whole
power
of
Darius
,
which
he
was
afraide
should
haue
been
prolonged
if
the
Persians
had
deuided
their
Army
.
Before
the
battell
each
army
stoode
in
the
sight
of
other
.
The
Macedones
wondering
at
the
number
of
their
Enimyes
,
their
goodlye
personages
,
and
their
costly
armor
:
the
Persians
on
the
other
side
,
amazing
that
so
few
should
ouercome
so
many
thousandes
as
they
had
.
The
Captaines
bestirring
themselues
in
looking
to
their
seuerall
charges
.
Darius
encouraged
his
souldiers
with
this
,
that
if
they
were
deuided
,
the
number
of
them
tenne
to
one
exceeded
their
Enemies
.
Alexander
willed
the
Macedones
not
to
be
abashed
at
the
multitude
of
the
contrary
party
,
at
the
hugenesse
of
their
bodies
,
nor
the
strangenesse
of
their
colour
.
But
to
remember
that
this
was
the
third
time
of
their
fight
,
and
that
they
should
not
thinke
their
enemyes
were
become
better
men
by
their
often
running
away
,
especially
sith
they
brought
with
them
into
the
fielde
so
sorrowfull
a
remembrance
of
their
owne
discomfitures
,
as
of
somuch
bloodshed
as
they
went
away
with
,
in
the
two
former
battels
.
And
as
Darius
exceeded
him
in
number
of
Men
,
so
did
he
surpasse
Darius
in
the
greatnesse
of
strength
.
Therefore
exhorted
his
men
to
dispise
that
hoste
,
in
which
was
more
gayne
then
daunger
,
and
glistred
more
in
the
outwatrde
shew
of
Gold
and
siluer
,
then
in
the
inwarde
substaunce
of
valour
,
and
vertue
:
for
victory
was
not
gotten
by
the
brauery
of
furniture
,
but
by
the
force
of
weapon
,
and
the
vndaunted
resolution
of
couragious
spirits
.
After
this
,
the
onset
was
giuen
.
The
Macedones
layd
about
them
fiercely
with
their
weapons
,
as
disdainning
their
enemy
whom
before
they
had
so
often
vanquished
.
The
Persians
on
the
contrary
side
had
rather
dye
,
then
be
vanquished
,
which
caused
somuch
effusion
of
blood
,
as
had
not
at
any
time
bene
seene
in
any
batteel
.
Parius
when
he
perceiued
his
men
put
to
the
worse
,
Darius
is
put
to
slight
.
The
care
of
Darius
for
the
safeg●●d
of
his
souldiors
.
would
gladly
haue
made
his
end
honorable
by
his
death
in
the
fielde
,
but
that
such
as
were
about
him
compelled
him
to
saue
his
life
by
flight
.
Afterwardes
when
some
gaue
him
counsell
to
breake
the
bridge
ouer
the
riuer
Lycus
,
that
he
might
stoppe
his
Enemies
from
pursuite
,
he
said
that
his
care
shoulde
not
be
altogether
for
his
owne
safegard
,
but
that
he
would
also
shew
himself
careful
for
his
company
,
and
not
cast
so
many
of
them
into
their
enemies
hands
:
Therefore
appointed
,
it
should
be
a
way
for
others
to
escape
,
as
well
as
it
had
beene
for
himselfe
.
Alexander
,
he
vndertooke
still
,
and
enterprised
such
things
as
were
most
full
of
danger
,
and
where
he
saw
his
enemies
thickest
,
and
the
sight
sharpest
,
thyther
did
his
resolution
carry
him
,
and
there
would
he
thrust
himselfe
into
the
greatest
perils
,
and
not
leaue
them
to
the
hurte
,
and
hazzard
of
his
Souldiers
.
By
this
battell
he
tooke
awaye
the
Empyre
of
all
Asia
,
the
first
yeare
after
he
began
to
raigne
.
Whose
felicity
The
beginning
of
the
Empyre
of
Macedon
.
was
so
great
that
no
man
durst
rebell
against
him
,
and
the
Persians
themselues
after
so
many
yeares
continuance
of
their
monarchy
,
paciently
endured
the
yoke
of
bondage
.
When
he
had
rewarded
,
and
refreshed
his
souldiers
,
he
did
nothing
for
forty
daies
after
,
but
take
view
of
the
spoile
of
his
enemie
&
found
lockt
vp
in
the
Citty
forty
thousand
talents
.
He
also
wonne
Percipolis
,
the
head
Citty
of
the
kingdome
of
Persia
,
the
which
had
continued
famous
many
yeares
together
,
and
stuffed
with
the
spoiles
of
the
whole
world
.
While
these
things
were
doing
,
there
came
vnto
Alexander
about
eight
hundreth
Greekes
,
who
besides
their
punishment
of
captiuity
,
were
depriued
of
some
of
their
limbes
,
and
requested
him
that
as
he
had
reuenged
Greece
,
so
he
would
also
reuenge
the
cruelty
of
their
enemies
.
When
he
had
put
it
to
their
choice
either
to
stay
there
,
or
returne
into
their
countries
,
they
rather
chose
to
take
certaine
lands
,
and
make
their
abode
there
,
then
to
goe
home
to
be
a
griefe
to
their
friends
,
and
a
ioy
to
their
enemies
.
In
the
meane
season
to
winne
the
fauor
of
the
conqueror
,
Darius
his
owne
kinsmen
,
in
a
village
of
the
Parthians
called
Tane
,
bound
him
in
setters
,
and
chaines
of
gold
:
which
was
thoght
the
very
ordinance
and
disposition
of
the
Darius
wounded
to
death
by
his
owne
kinsmen
.
Gods
,
that
the
monarchy
of
the
Persians
should
take
end
in
the
land
of
them
that
should
succeede
in
the
Empire
.
Alexander
also
the
next
morrow
,
following
vpon
spurre
,
had
intelligence
that
Darius
was
conucied
out
by
night
in
an
horse-litter
.
And
there
vpon
commaunded
his
hoste
to
follow
the
chace
with
seauen
thousand
of
his
horsemen
.
In
his
iourney
he
fought
many
dangerous
battels
.
And
when
he
had
ridden
many
a
mile
and
could
receiue
no
intellgence
,
or
inkling
of
Darius
,
as
his
horses
were
a
baiting
,
one
of
his
souldiers
,
going
downe
to
a
watering
place
nere
adioyning
,
found
Darius
sore
wounded
in
a
Litter
,
but
as
yet
aliue
.
Who
calling
the
same
souldier
vnto
him
,
and
perceiuing
by
his
speeche
that
he
was
one
of
his
owne
Countreymen
,
he
told
him
,
that
being
in
the
case
he
was
,
it
was
no
small
comfort
vnto
him
,
that
he
should
not
vtter
his
last
words
in
vaine
,
but
speake
to
a
man
that
could
well
vnderstand
him
.
He
bad
him
then
beare
word
vnto
Alexander
,
that
he
died
a
great
debtor
of
his
without
any
desart
of
his
own
part
,
for
he
was
better
intreated
of
him
,
The
wordes
o●
〈◊〉
.
〈◊〉
●is
death
.
then
of
his
owne
kindred
,
and
alliance
,
and
he
had
found
him
not
like
an
enemy
,
but
a
royall
friend
in
his
kingly
courtesie
towardes
his
wife
and
children
.
For
whereas
his
enemy
had
giuen
his
wife
,
and
children
life
,
his
owne
kinsfolke
,
vpon
whome
he
had
both
bestowed
life
and
kingdomes
,
had
now
giuen
him
the
fatall
stroke
of
death
:
for
which
he
rendred
such
thankes
vnto
himas
it
might
please
the
Conqueror
to
accept
at
the
hands
of
the
conquered
.
Onely
one
thing
now
at
the
point
of
death
lay
in
his
power
to
doe
for
Alexander
,
in
requitall
and
full
recompence
of
all
his
good
turns
,
which
was
,
that
he
woulde
pray
to
the
celestiall
,
and
infernall
powers
,
and
the
Goddes
of
Kinges
,
to
giue
him
the
victory
,
and
Dominion
of
the
whole
worlde
.
For
his
owne
part
he
desired
nothing
,
but
that
without
grudging
hee
woulde
graunte
his
rightes
of
buriall
for
to
bee
solemnly
celebrated
.
Touching
the
reuenge
of
his
death
,
it
was
now
no
parte
of
his
care
,
but
(
for
example
sake
)
it
concerned
the
common
case
of
Kinges
,
which
to
neglect
,
as
it
should
be
dishonorable
,
so
it
might
turne
to
his
owne
vtter
perill
.
Form
th
one
part
it
was
a
case
that
craued
iustice
,
on
the
other
it
touched
his
owne
profit
,
and
safety
.
In
token
whereof
,
as
a
kingly
pledge
of
his
faith
,
he
gaue
the
Souldior
his
right
hand
to
carry
vnto
Alexander
.
These
words
being
vttred
,
he
stretcht
foorth
himselfe
,
and
immediately
yeelded
vp
the
Ghost
.
Which
when
Alexander
heard
of
,
he
came
to
see
his
bodie
,
as
hee
lay
dead
,
and
wept
ouer
it
,
to
behold
so
worthy
an
estate
come
to
soe
vnworthy
a
death
.
Whetfore
he
caused
his
body
to
be
buried
in
that
royall
maner
,
as
became
the
estate
,
and
condtion
of
a
K.
and
the
same
to
be
bestowed
in
the
famous
Toombes
of
his
Noble
auncestors
.
The
ende
of
the
eleuenth
Booke
.
THE
TWELFE
BOOKE
of
Iustine
.
THE
ARGVMENT
.
ALexander
burieth
his
souldiers
sumptuously
.
Agis
king
of
Lacedemon
maketh
a
great
insurrection
in
Greece
,
and
is
slaine
.
Alexander
king
of
Epire
maketh
Warres
in
Italy
,
and
is
dangerously
wounded
,
whereof
he
dieth
.
Zopyron
with
his
hoast
is
slaine
by
the
Scythians
,
while
the
hoast
of
alexander
was
in
Parthia
,
did
long
desire
to
returne
home
.
He
subdueth
Hyrcania
and
the
Mardes
,
Thalestris
Queene
of
the
amazones
,
accompanieth
with
alexander
.
He
taketh
into
fashion
the
manners
of
the
Persians
,
maketh
most
riotous
seastings
,
giueth
licence
vnto
his
souldiors
to
marry
with
their
prisoners
,
committeth
outrage
against
his
Nobles
,
conquereth
the
people
that
inhabite
the
skirts
and
borders
of
Cantasus
,
in
which
time
Bessus
,
he
that
killed
Darius
,
is
brought
bound
vnto
alexander
,
whom
he
deliuercth
ouer
to
be
punished
vnto
Oxatres
,
owne
brother
to
Darius
.
He
buildeth
alexandria
vpon
Tanais
.
He
killeth
Clitus
at
the
Table
.
He
falleth
into
wondrous
great
dispaire
for
the
same
.
Hee
receiueth
whole
Countries
by
composition
.
He
putteth
Calisthines
and
other
Noblemen
to
death
,
giueth
his
souldiers
shyeldes
all
of
Stluer
.
Eni●●reth
into
Inde
,
whereas
a
Queene
called
Cleophis
,
yeeldeth
both
her selfe
and
kingdome
vnto
him
.
She
receiueth
the
same
againe
from
his
handes
.
He
ouercommeth
king
Porus.
He
buildeth
two
Citties
,
subdueth
foure
Nations
.
He
is
againe
moued
by
his
souldiors
to
returne
home
.
He
ouercommeth
the
Eufites
,
Receiu●th
by
composition
the
Gessones
,
and
Asybanes
.
He
conquereth
the
Ambres
and
S●●●●res
.
He
is
sore
wounded
in
the
Citty
of
Opidrakes
,
,
preserueth
all
his
hoast
from
poisoned
wounds
,
by
the
warning
of
a
dreame
.
He
buildeth
a
citty
in
the
mouth
of
the
riuer
Indus
,
returneth
to
Babylon
,
puteth
the
Lieutenants
of
diuers
Countries
to
death
.
He
punisheth
a
mutinie
amongst
his
souldiors
,
mourneth
for
the
death
of
Ephestion
,
entertaineth
the
Embassadors
of
Carthage
,
Spaine
,
France
&c.
He
is
poysone●
by
Antipater
,
comforteth
his
souldiors
,
making
a
tumult
for
his
death
.
He
deliuereth
his
ring
to
Perdicas
,
and
dyeth
.
ALexander
bestowed
great
cost
in
burying
his
souldiors
that
were
slaine
in
the
pursuite
of
Darius
,
and
to
the
residue
of
his
company
that
suruiued
,
he
imparted
fifteen
thousand
tallents
.
The
greater
part
of
his
horses
were
foundred
with
heate
,
and
such
as
remayned
were
able
to
do
no
seruice
.
The
whole
summe
of
the
money
gotten
by
this
late
victory
,
was
one
hundreth
and
three
and
fifty
thousand
talents
,
where
of
Parmenio
was
made
Treasoror
:
while
these
things
were
doing
,
letters
were
broght
〈…〉
cedon
.
from
Antiapater
out
of
Macedon
,
the
tenor
wherof
contained
the
warres
of
Ag
is
King
of
the
Spartans
in
Grecce
;
of
Alexander
King
of
Epire
,
in
Italy
;
and
of
his
Lieutenant
Sopiron
in
Scithia
:
which
at
first
fild
his
thoughtes
full
of
sundry
amazements
.
Neuertheles
when
he
had
well
digested
the
natures
of
two
Kings
,
that
didde
enuy
the
prosperity
of
his
fortunes
,
he
was
more
gladde
of
the
losse
of
them
,
then
sorrie
for
his
army
,
and
his
Captaine
Zopyron
.
For
after
Alexander
had
taken
his
iourney
,
the
most
part
of
Greece
sell
to
rebellion
,
in
hope
to
recouer
their
liberty
,
following
the
example
of
the
Lacedemontans
,
who
forsooke
the
peace
,
and
despised
the
orders
taken
both
by
Phillip
and
Alexander
.
Captaine
and
ringleader
of
this
commotion
,
was
Agis
the
Lacedemonian
king
.
But
Antipater
leuyed
a
power
and
suppressed
this
insurrection
,
at
the
very
first
beginning
,
notwithstanding
there
were
on
both
partes
,
great
slaughter
and
much
effusion
of
bloud
.
King
Agis
,
when
he
sawe
his
men
put
to
flight
(
albeit
his
fortunes
were
not
so
good
as
Alexanders
,
)
yet
The
v●lour
of
king
Agis
.
that
he
might
not
seeme
inferiour
to
him
in
courage
,
sent
away
his
guard
,
and
himselfe
alone
made
such
slaughter
of
his
enemies
,
that
sometimes
hee
put
whole
bands
of
men
to
flight
:
and
at
last
,
although
the
multitude
opprest
him
,
yet
he
woon
the
glory
from
them
all
.
Moreouer
,
Alexander
king
of
Epyre
,
being
sent
into
Italy
to
ayde
the
Tarentines
against
the
Brutians
,
tooke
that
voyage
vpon
him
with
as
great
desire
,
as
though
the
world
should
haue
beene
deuided
,
and
that
Alexander
,
the
sonne
of
his
sister
Olympias
should
haue
had
the
East
,
and
he
himselfe
the
West
,
intending
to
haue
no
lesse
command
in
Italy
,
Affrike
,
and
Sicill
,
then
thother
should
haue
to
doe
in
Asia
,
and
among
the
Persians
.
Besides
this
,
as
the
Oracle
at
Delphos
had
prophesied
vnto
Alexander
the
great
,
that
his
destruction
should
be
wrought
in
Macedon
,
so
the
Oracle
of
Iupiter
of
Dodones
,
had
told
this
Alexander
,
that
the
citty
of
Pandose
,
&
the
riuer
of
Acheruse
should
be
his
fatall
end
.
Now
as
both
of
them
were
in
Epyre
,
(
not
knowing
they
were
also
in
Italy
)
to
auoyde
the
danger
of
his
destiny
,
he
enterprised
war
in
a
strange
land
.
The
first
warre
he
made
when
he
came
into
Italy
,
was
with
the
Appuleyans
,
〈…〉
but
when
he
vnderstood
the
destinies
of
their
citties
,
he
concluded
peace
&
friendship
with
their
king
.
For
at
that
time
the
chiefe
citty
of
Appuleia
,
was
Br●nduse
,
which
was
founded
by
the
Actolians
,
vnder
the
conduct
of
that
famous
captaine
Diomedes
,
so
much
renowmed
for
his
valour
at
the
battaile
of
Troy
.
But
being
expulsed
by
the
Appuleyans
,
they
asked
counsell
of
the
Oracles
,
who
answered
,
that
they
shoulde
for
euer
possesse
the
place
that
they
required
.
Hereupon
they
dispatched
Ambassadors
to
the
Appuleyans
,
and
willed
them
either
to
surrender
their
Citty
againe
,
or
to
expect
suddaine
,
and
sharpe
Warres
vpon
them
.
The
Appuleyans
hauing
knowledge
of
the
answeare
of
the
Oracle
,
putte
the
Ambassadoures
to
death
,
and
buried
them
in
the
Citty
,
there
to
remaine
for
euer
.
So
hauing
dispatched
the
meaning
of
the
Oracle
,
they
enioyed
the
citty
a
long
time
after
.
Which
when
Alexander
of
Epire
vnderstood
of
,
he
forbare
to
trouble
th
Appuleyans
reuerencing
the
destinies
oflong
coutinuance
.
Then
made
he
warre
with
the
Brutians
,
and
Lucanes
,
and
woon
many
citties
Alexander
of
〈◊〉
wounded
to
death
.
from
them
.
Hee
concluded
a
peace
and
league
with
the
Metapontines
,
Ruti●ians
,
and
Romanes
.
But
the
Brutians
,
and
Lucanes
hauing
obtained
helpe
and
aide
of
their
neighboures
,
siercely
renewed
the
warres
:
where
the
king
(
nere
vnto
the
citty
Pandose
and
the
riuer
Acheruse
)
was
wounded
to
death
,
not
knowing
the
name
of
his
fatall
place
,
before
he
was
slaine
.
And
when
he
snoulde
die
,
hee
perceiued
the
daunger
of
death
lay
not
in
his
owne
Countrey
,
albeit
for
that
cause
hee
forsooke
the
same
.
The
Tyrians
ransomed
his
body
at
the
charges
of
their
Citty
,
giuing
it
honoarable
buriall
.
While
these
things
were
dooing
in
Italy
,
Lopyron
also
,
whom
Alexander
the
great
had
leftpresident
of
Pontus
,
thinking
it
a
point
of
cowardize
to
lye
The
death
of
●●●●ron
●●●●ent
of
Pon
tus
.
still
,
and
do
nothing
,
raised
an
army
of
thirty
thousand
souldiors
,
and
made
warre
vpon
the
Seythians
,
where
being
slain
with
all
his
host
,
he
suffered
due
punishment
for
making
so
rash
and
vniust
warre
against
a
people
so
innocent
,
and
harmelesse
.
When
newes
of
these
accidentes
were
brought
into
Parth●●
to
Alexander
,
he
seemed
very
sorry
for
the
death
of
Alexander
his
kinsman
,
and
commaunded
that
all
his
host
should
mourne
for
him
,
by
the
space
of
three
dayes
following
.
After
this
,
when
all
men
looked
to
returne
into
their
countries
,
as
though
the
warre
had
ended
in
the
death
of
Darius
,
and
all
(
after
a
sort
)
were
ready
in
their
harts
to
imbrace
their
Wiues
,
and
Children
:
Alexander
,
summoned
his
souldiors
together
,
perswading
them
that
all
those
notable
battels
were
to
no
purpose
,
if
the
barbarous
Nations
of
the
East
were
left
vntouched
▪
for
he
desired
not
Darius
death
but
his
diadem
,
and
all
such
ought
to
be
pursued
with
violence
,
as
sorsook
their
due
odience
to
the
kingdome
.
When
he
had
by
this
oration
sharpned
the
resolution
of
his
Souldiers
,
and
quickened
their
mindes
afresh
,
he
subdued
Hyr●●●●
,
and
the
Mardes
.
In
the
same
Countrey
Thalestris
met
him
,
otherwise
named
Mynothaea
Queene
of
the
Amazones
,
with
three
hundreth
thousand
women
,
who
came
sinc
and
twenty
daies
iourney
,
through
the
sauage
countries
,
and
the
middest
〈…〉
of
her
enemies
,
of
purposse
to
haue
yssue
by
Alexander
.
The
sight
and
comming
of
whom
,
was
much
wondred
at
,
both
for
strangenesse
of
their
apparell
,
vn●●ccustomed
to
be
worne
by
women
,
and
also
for
their
desire
to
company
wi●h
Alexander
and
his
followers
:
vpon
this
occasion
were
thirty
daies
spent
,
and
when
she
thought
her
selse
with
child
she
departed
.
After
this
Alexan.
(
as
though
he
had
made
himselfe
subiect
to
their
lawes
and
customes
,
whom
he
had
vanquished
)
tooke
vppon
him
the
apparrell
,
and
alexander
im
bra●eth
the
maners
and
appar●●
of
the
Persians
.
Diadem
of
the
Kings
of
Persia
,
a
thing
altogeather
vnwoonted
before
that
time
of
the
Kings
of
Macedon
.
And
that
he
might
counterfet
the
Persians
as
well
in
excesse
of
apparrel
,
as
of
Fare
,
and
that
it
might
not
seeme
more
heinous
in
himselfe
;
he
commaunded
his
friends
to
were
long
robes
of
cloth
of
gold
,
and
purple
.
Moreouer
he
spent
the
nights
by
turns
amongst
the
kings
Concubines
,
which
were
women
both
of
excellent
birth
and
beautie
.
And
least
his
lustfull
likinges
might
seeme
to
abate
,
or
decay
,
he
surthered
them
with
all
sorts
of
great
fare
,
and
set
out
his
feastes
with
all
princely
pastimes
,
and
shewes
,
forgetting
quite
by
such
meanes
ritches
are
woont
to
bee
consumed
,
and
not
obtained
.
This
caused
much
murmur
to
arise
through
all
his
camp
,
that
he
should
so
degenerate
from
Phillip
his
father
,
as
to
disdaine
the
name
of
his
owne
Countrey
,
and
to
take
vpon
him
the
manners
of
the
Persians
,
whom
for
the
vilenesse
thereof
he
before
had
supprest
,
and
subdued
.
But
that
it
might
not
be
a
fault
to
him
alone
,
to
yeild
to
the
vices
of
such
,
as
he
had
vanquished
,
he
gaue
liberty
to
his
Souldiors
(
if
any
of
them
would
be
delighted
with
the
company
of
their
prisoners
)
to
take
them
to
their
wiues
;
thinking
indeede
they
would
haue
lesse
mind
homewards
,
when
euen
in
their
tentes
they
had
a
Pollicy
〈◊〉
a
cust●●●
.
(
as
it
were
)
a
similitude
of
their
houses
,
and
dwelling
places
;
and
that
they
would
make
lesse
account
of
their
trauell
in
the
warres
,
for
the
delight
they
had
in
their
wiues
.
Besides
this
,
he
thought
Macedon
should
not
be
so
much
spent
in
sending
supplies
for
them
that
were
slaine
,
if
the
young
Impes
succeeded
the
olde
Souldiors
(
their
fathers
)
and
were
trainde
vp
in
the
same
trench
that
they
were
borne
in
;
and
that
they
would
become
the
hardier
,
being
not
traind
vp
onely
,
but
also
Nursed
in
the
campe
.
Which
custome
afterwards
remained
amongst
the
successors
of
Alexander
.
Therfore
there
was
a
stipend
appointed
to
maintaine
and
foster
vp
the
Children
,
and
when
they
came
to
mans
estate
,
they
had
furniture
,
horsse
,
and
harnesse
giuen
them
,
and
the
fathers
had
wages
allowed
them
,
according
to
the
number
of
their
sonnes
.
If
any
of
their
fathers
died
,
the
children
neuerthelesse
that
suruiued
,
receiued
their
fathers
wages
,
and
so
their
childhood
amongst
so
many
Voyages
was
euen
a
very
warrefare
.
Being
therfore
from
their
infancy
hardned
with
continual
trauell
,
and
daunger
,
they
becam
an
inuincible
host
,
reckoning
the
campe
,
as
their
countrey
;
and
the
battell
,
as
an
assured
victory
.
They
that
wer
thus
begotten
,
were
called
Epigones
.
When
he
had
conquered
the
Parthians
,
he
created
Andagoras
,
(
one
of
the
chiefest
Noble
men
of
Persia
)
ruler
ouer
them
,
from
whom
afterwards
the
Kings
of
Parthia
descended
.
In
the
meane
space
Alexander
,
began
to
grow
outrageous
with
his
owne
followers
,
not
like
a
king
,
but
an
enimy
.
The
chiefest
cause
of
his
displeasure
was
that
some
of
them
,
found
fault
with
him
,
for
breaking
the
customes
alexand●●r
〈◊〉
great
ra●e
&
discontent
with
his
Noble●
.
both
of
Phillip
(
his
father
,
)
and
of
his
owne
countrey
.
For
which
the
auncient
father
Parmenio
,
(
after
inquisition
had
)
being
in
estate
next
to
the
king
,
and
his
son
Philotas
,
were
both
put
to
death
.
Wherupon
all
the
campe
began
to
be
in
an
vprore
,
grieuing
at
the
mischaunce
of
the
olde
man
and
his
Sonne
and
not
letting
sometime
to
say
,
that
it
was
not
for
themselues
then
to
expect
any
better
.
When
these
thinges
came
to
the
hearing
of
Alexander
,
fearing
that
if
the
report
thereof
should
be
blowne
into
Macedone
,
the
glory
of
his
victories
would
be
stained
with
the
imputation
of
cruelty
,
he
fained
an
intention
to
send
Alexanders
feare
of
the
people
.
certaine
of
his
friends
into
Macedon
to
beare
tydings
of
his
seuerall
conquests
,
and
willed
his
Souldiers
to
write
to
their
frindes
,
saying
it
would
be
long
ere
they
had
the
like
opportunity
,
because
he
meant
to
make
warre
further
of
.
This
being
done
,
by
which
he
perceiuing
euery
mans
opinion
,
put
all
those
into
one
band
that
had
an
ill
conceipt
of
him
,
intending
either
to
consume
them
by
battell
,
or
to
people
townes
with
them
in
the
vttermost
parts
of
the
world
.
Then
did
he
subdue
the
Dracans
,
the
Euergets
,
the
Permenians
,
the
Paropamys
sadons
,
Hisdaspians
,
and
the
other
kindes
of
people
,
that
inhabite
the
foote
of
the
mountayne
Caucasus
.
In
the
meane
time
Bessus
was
brought
vnto
him
,
one
of
Darius
friends
,
who
had
not
only
betrayed
the
King
his
Maister
,
but
had
also
cruelly
slaine
him
.
Whom
in
reuenge
of
his
trechery
,
he
deliuered
Bessas
deliuered
to
be
punished
for
tre
son
.
to
Darius
brother
to
punish
as
he
thought
good
,
and
to
vse
such
Iustice
vpon
him
,
that
had
traiterously
slaine
his
owne
maister
,
as
the
seucrity
of
such
a
foule
sact
required
.
Vpon
the
riuer
Tanais
he
builded
a
Citty
,
and
named
it
Alexandria
,
to
the
end
,
he
might
leaue
his
name
amongst
them
in
those
Countries
.
The
walles
whereof
,
being
sixe
miles
in
compasse
,
he
finished
within
seuenteene
dayes
,
remouing
into
it
the
people
of
three
Citties
,
that
Cyrus
had
builded
.
Among
the
Sagdians
,
and
Bactrians
also
,
he
builded
seauenteene
Citties
,
placing
in
them
all
such
as
he
knew
to
be
seditious
in
his
hoast
.
These
things
thus
effected
,
vpon
a
certaine
day
after
,
he
caused
a
solemne
feast
to
be
prouided
for
himselfe
,
and
his
friends
.
Where
after
many
cups
M●●ke
the
〈◊〉
of
drun●●●●esse
in
a
〈◊〉
.
of
wine
caroused
,
mention
being
made
among
them
of
King
Phillip
hys
Acts
,
he
began
to
prefer
himselfe
before
his
father
,
and
extolled
the
greatnesse
of
his
owne
deeds
aboue
the
heauens
.
Which
the
greatest
parte
of
his
guestes
assented
to
,
and
confirmed
.
When
Clytus
therefore
one
of
the
old
men
,
vpon
trust
of
the
Kings
friendship
(
for
in
that
respect
he
was
the
chiefest
about
him
)
defended
the
same
of
Phillip
,
and
stoode
in
the
praise
of
his
Noble
and
worthy
actes
,
he
somuch
prouoked
the
displeasure
and
indignation
of
Alexander
therewith
,
that
he
snatched
a
weapon
out
of
one
of
his
guards
hand
,
and
slue
him
as
he
sat
at
the
table
.
Then
triumphing
at
the
murther
,
he
vpbraided
him
as
he
lay
dead
,
with
his
commending
of
Phillip
,
and
with
his
commendation
of
his
fathers
wars
.
But
after
his
mind
(
satisfied
with
the
slaughter
)
began
to
be
quieted
,
and
that
aduice
had
entered
in
the
place
of
anger
:
one
while
pondering
in
his
hart
whom
he
had
slaine
,
another
while
vpon
what
occasion
he
slue
him
;
he
began
to
loath
his
owne
act
done
,
and
to
grieue
that
he
had
taken
his
fathers
praises
in
such
deep
displeasure
,
lamenting
at
his
ouersight
,
that
in
his
wine
he
had
kild
an
old
man
,
his
deere
friend
,
faultlesse
;
and
without
any
occasion
of
offence
giuen
.
And
thereupon
being
turned
with
like
rage
to
Repentance
,
as
he
was
euen
now
in
Anger
,
in
that
extacie
he
would
haue
died
.
First
he
fell
a
weeping
,
and
taking
vp
the
dead
body
in
his
armes
,
searched
Rage
to
l●●●
calmed
with
Repentance
.
his
woundes
,
and
acknowledged
his
madnesse
to
him
,
as
if
he
could
haue
heard
him
,
and
pulling
out
the
weapon
,
set
it
to
his
owne
heart
,
and
had
slainc
himselfe
,
had
he
not
beene
preuented
by
his
friendes
,
that
wrested
it
forth
of
his
handes
.
He
continued
certaine
daies
after
in
this
wilfulnesse
to
die
.
And
the
more
to
increase
his
sorrow
,
there
came
to
his
minde
,
the
remembrance
of
Clyt
us
sister
,
who
albeit
she
was
notthere
,
yet
was
he
ashamed
in
himselfe
,
that
he
had
so
shamefully
rewarded
hir
that
nurst
him
,
as
now
being
a
man
growne
,
and
a
Conqueror
,
to
present
her
with
her
owne
brothers
corse
in
requitall
of
her
good
turnes
,
that
had
borne
him
in
hir
Armes
all
the
time
of
his
child-hood
.
Moreouer
he
bethought
him
,
what
reportes
and
scandals
he
had
raised
of
himself
in
his
army
,
and
among
the
Nations
,
that
he
had
conquered
:
What
a
feare
,
and
secret
hatred
,
he
had
striken
into
the
harts
of
his
own
friends
:
how
bitter
,
and
loathsome
he
had
made
his
owne
Table
,
being
not
so
bloody
,
armed
in
the
field
,
as
sitting
naked
at
his
meate
.
Then
came
to
his
remembrance
Parmenio
,
and
Phylotas
,
then
amint
as
his
sisters
sonne
:
then
came
into
his
minde
,
his
Mother
in
law
,
and
hir
brothers
that
was
put
to
death
:
then
attalus
,
Eurylocus
,
Pausanias
,
and
other
Noble
men
of
Macedons
,
whose
liues
he
had
taken
away
.
Hereupon
he
obstinately
refused
his
meate
three
daies
together
,
till
his
whole
hoast
came
and
intreated
him
,
that
he
would
not
so
lament
the
death
of
one
man
,
as
to
cast
away
a
multitude
that
followed
him
;
and
euen
at
that
time
,
when
he
had
brought
them
to
the
vttermost
of
the
barbarous
Nations
,
and
among
the
middest
of
their
Enemies
,
and
those
whom
by
battell
they
had
stirred
to
hate
,
and
enuy
.
To
diswade
him
from
discontentment
greatly
preuailed
the
perswasion
of
the
Philosopher
Callysthenes
,
who
had
beene
his
scoole
fellow
vnder
aristotle
,
and
was
then
lately
sent
for
by
the
King
himselfe
to
put
his
actes
in
writing
.
When
therefore
he
called
his
courage
againe
Calisthenes
perswadeth
much
by
his
cloquence
.
backe
to
the
warres
,
hee
receiued
the
Chorasmians
and
Dracans
,
by
composition
.
Afterwardes
that
all
thinges
might
seeme
more
spightfull
,
he
gaue
generall
commaundement
to
his
company
,
that
they
should
no
more
salute
him
,
but
adore
him
.
Callysthenes
was
one
of
them
that
stood
stisliest
against
his
purpose
,
which
was
both
the
confusion
of
himselfe
,
and
of
many
Noble
men
of
Macedon
.
For
vnder
the
coulor
oftreason
,
they
were
all
put
to
death
.
Neuerthelesse
the
Macedones
stil
obserued
their
custome
of
saluting
their
King
,
and
vtterly
reiected
the
manner
of
adorning
.
After
this
,
he
marched
towardes
India
,
to
bound
his
Empire
at
the
Ocean
sea
,
and
the
vttermost
partes
of
the
East
.
To
adde
renowne
to
his
Name
,
and
that
the
ornaments
of
his
army
might
be
agreeable
,
he
caused
the
trappings
of
the
horses
,
and
the
armour
of
his
Souldiers
to
be
decked
and
ouer
layd
with
siluer
,
and
after
their
siluer
shields
he
named
his
whole
hoste
Argyraspides
.
When
he
came
to
the
Citty
Nisa
,
the
Townsmen
(
vpon
a
superstitious
confidence
that
they
had
in
their
God
Bacchus
,
who
was
founder
thereof
)
making
no
countenaunce
of
resisting
,
he
gaue
forth
an
exceeding
straight
commaundement
that
it
should
be
spared
:
reioycing
greatly
,
that
he
had
not
only
followed
the
wars
,
but
the
very
footsteppes
also
of
the
gods
.
From
thence
he
led
his
hoste
to
see
the
Mount
,
which
was
naturally
beset
with
vines
,
and
Iuye
,
in
such
order
,
as
if
it
had
beene
drest
with
mans
hand
,
and
placed
by
the
cunning
of
workemanship
:
as
soone
The
holy
●ount
.
as
his
host
came
at
the
Mountaine
,
being
moued
through
a
sodaine
instinct
of
minde
,
to
the
holy
howlings
of
the
gods
,
they
scatterd
here
and
there
(
to
the
great
admiration
of
the
King
)
without
any
harme
taking
.
Whereby
he
might
perceiue
that
by
sparing
the
Townsmen
,
he
did
not
somuch
profit
them
,
as
pleasure
his
owne
Army
.
Then
tooke
he
his
course
to
Daedalus
hill
,
and
to
the
kingdome
of
queene
Cleopis
,
who
yeilding
her selfe
receiued
againe
her
kingdome
,
paying
for
ransome
De
dalus
hil●
.
of
it
,
onely
a
few
nights
lodging
with
Alexander
.
In
the
daliaunce
wherof
,
she
obtained
that
at
his
handes
,
which
by
force
of
armes
she
could
neuer
haue
gotten
.
The
Sonne
that
she
conceiued
by
him
,
she
named
Alexander
,
who
afterwardes
enioyed
the
Indian
kingdome
.
The
Queene
for
violating
her
Cert●in
nightes
lodging
paid
to
Alexander
for
a
Queenes
ran
some
.
chastity
,
was
euer
after
called
of
the
Indians
,
the
kings
concubine
.
When
he
had
traueled
through
India
,
he
came
to
a
maruellous
rough
and
huge
rocke
,
into
which
many
people
were
fled
,
from
winning
whereof
it
was
told
him
that
Hercules
was
prohibited
by
an
carthquake
.
Burning
therefore
with
desire
to
surmount
the
doings
of
Hercules
,
he
woon
the
same
rocke
,
with
much
labour
,
and
many
perills
.
By
which
all
the
people
bordering
thereabouts
yeilded
themselues
vnto
him
,
and
he
in
like
sort
receiued
them
into
his
grace
,
and
fauour
.
Then
Porus
one
of
the
kings
of
India
,
a
man
of
maruellous
magnanimity
and
strength
of
body
,
vnderstanding
the
fame
of
Alexander
,
meant
to
encounter
Thincounter
between
Por
ru●
and
Alexander
.
with
him
,
and
prepared
for
the
warre
against
his
comming
.
And
when
on
both
sides
the
Army
was
in
readinesse
to
giue
onset
,
he
willed
his
Men
to
set
vpon
the
Macedones
and
to
suffer
him
alone
to
combat
single
with
their
king
.
Alexander
made
no
tariance
to
the
battell
.
But
at
the
first
encounter
,
his
horse
was
wounded
vnder
him
,
and
he
himselfe
fell
downe
headlong
to
the
ground
:
howbeit
his
guard
stept
abouthim
and
rescued
him
.
Porus
not
able
longer
to
abide
the
brunt
of
battell
,
by
reason
of
his
multitude
of
woundes
,
was
surprized
and
taken
prisoner
.
Whereat
his
griefe
was
so
great
,
for
his
being
vanquished
,
that
although
he
found
fauour
at
his
Enemies
handes
,
yet
would
he
not
recciue
any
sustinance
,
nor
suffur
his
woundes
to
be
dressed
:
but
much
adoe
there
was
to
intreat
him
to
liue
.
This
courage
,
and
valour
did
Alexander
so
highly
commend
in
him
,
that
in
honor
therof
he
sent
him
home
againe
with
safety
into
his
kingdome
.
Then
builded
he
two
Citties
,
whereof
the
one
he
called
Nicea
,
and
the
other
(
after
the
name
of
his
horse
)
Bucephala
.
Afterwardes
he
conquered
the
adrastes
,
the
Stathenes
,
the
Passides
and
the
Gangarytes
,
and
slew
all
their
Armies
.
When
he
came
to
the
Eufits
where
his
Enemies
waited
his
comming
with
two
hundreth
thousand
horsemen
;
His
whole
Army
being
wearied
with
the
number
of
their
victories
,
and
their
continuall
labours
,
besought
him
with
teares
that
at
length
he
would
make
end
of
his
warres
,
and
minding
his
own
country
,
haue
regard
to
the
yeares
of
his
souldiers
,
which
were
scarce
able
to
liue
so
long
,
as
while
each
man
might
recouer
his
seuerall
home
.
One
shewed
his
gray
head
,
another
his
many
woundes
,
another
his
leane
Carcasse
,
wythered
with
the
multitude
of
yeares
,
another
his
body
full
of
skarres
,
and
maimes
.
Saying
that
they
alone
were
the
Men
that
had
endured
the
continual
warres
of
two
Kings
,
Phillip
and
Alexander
.
Wherfore
they
did
beseech
him
(
at
the
least
)
to
restore
their
poore
carcasses
to
the
graues
of
their
fathers
,
who
now
fainted
,
not
for
want
of
heart
;
or
goodwill
,
but
for
want
of
yeares
,
to
maintaine
the
resolute
performance
of
their
willing
mindes
.
If
he
would
not
regard
his
Souldiers
,
yet
to
haue
respect
of
himselfe
,
and
not
to
weary
out
his
good
fortune
,
nor
offend
with
presumptyon
.
Being
moued
with
these
iust
petitions
,
(
as
it
were
to
winde
vp
his
victories
in
more
honor
)
he
caused
his
camp
to
be
set
out
after
more
stately
sort
then
was
accustomed
,
that
the
hugenesse
thereof
might
both
put
his
enemies
in
feare
,
and
leaue
somwhat
to
sucdeeding
posterity
to
talke
of
.
His
souldiers
did
neuer
worke
in
all
their
liues
,
with
more
alacrity
,
or
free
spirits
.
When
they
had
therefore
discomfited
theyr
enemies
,
they
returned
with
great
ioy
and
gladnesse
.
From
thence
Alexander
went
to
the
riuer
Acesyne
,
and
by
that
he
sayled
to
the
Ocean
,
where
he
tooke
to
mercy
the
Gessones
and
Asybanes
,
which
were
founded
by
Hercules
.
From
thence
he
sailed
to
the
Ambres
,
and
Sycambres
,
which
met
him
with
foure
score
thousand
footemen
,
and
threescore
thousand
horsemen
.
When
he
had
gotten
the
vpper
hand
of
them
,
he
led
his
hoast
against
their
Citty
,
which
hee
finding
voide
of
defendantes
,
as
he
looked
from
the
wall
,
(
the
Alexanders
valour
amóg
thousands
of
enemyes
.
which
before
any
of
his
Men
he
himselfe
had
scaled
)
he
leapt
into
the
Citty
,
without
any
of
his
guard
about
him
.
When
his
enemyes
saw
him
there
alone
,
they
ranne
at
him
on
all
sides
with
a
great
shoute
,
indeuouring
if
they
could
to
finish
the
warres
of
the
whole
world
in
one
Mans
death
,
and
to
be
reuenged
vpon
him
for
many
Nations
.
Alexander
on
the
contrary
part
,
as
manfully
withstoode
them
,
and
being
but
one
man
fought
against
many
thousandes
.
It
is
almost
incredible
and
not
to
be
spoken
of
,
that
neither
the
number
of
his
enemies
,
the
force
and
multitude
of
their
weapons
,
nor
their
confused
noyse
as
they
assailed
him
,
could
make
him
affraid
,
and
that
being
but
alone
,
he
should
beat
downe
and
put
to
flight
,
so
great
and
infinite
a
company
.
But
when
he
saw
he
was
ouercharged
,
he
withdrew
himselfe
to
a
block
,
that
stoode
by
a
wall
,
by
help
whereof
standing
in
safegard
,
he
held
them
all
tacke
,
till
his
friendes
knowing
what
perill
he
stoode
in
,
leapt
downe
to
aide
him
.
Of
whom
many
were
slaine
,
and
the
battell
hung
long
in
suspence
,
till
the
time
that
his
Army
(
hauing
beaten
downe
the
walles
)
came
in
to
his
rescue
.
In
that
conflict
he
was
striken
with
an
arrow
vnder
the
right
pappe
,
and
notwithstanding
he
bled
so
sore
that
he
could
scarce
stand
for
feeblenesse
,
yet
kneeling
on
his
knee
,
he
neuer
left
fighting
,
vntill
he
had
slaine
him
,
of
whom
Alexandes
sendeth
a
great
hoast
to
Babylon
.
he
was
wounded
.
The
healing
of
the
wound
was
farre
more
gricuous
then
the
wound
it selfe
.
Therefore
when
at
length
contrary
to
all
hope
,
he
had
recouered
his
health
and
strength
,
he
sent
Polyperchon
,
with
his
host
to
Babylon
,
and
he
himselfe
with
a
number
of
his
most
select
and
chosen
Souldiers
,
tooke
shipping
,
and
scowred
the
Ocean
Seas
,
along
the
coast
.
When
he
came
at
the
Citty
of
king
Ambyger
,
the
townesmen
heating
he
could
not
be
ouercome
by
sword
,
dipt
their
arrowes
in
poyson
,
and
so
with
double
wound
of
death
repelled
the
Enemy
Alexander
repelled
with
venomed
Da●●●
.
from
their
walles
,
and
slew
many
of
them
.
And
when
amongst
many
others
Ptolomy
was
deadly
wounded
and
very
vnlike
to
escape
the
daunger
of
death
,
an
herbe
was
shewed
the
King
in
his
sleepe
,
that
should
remedy
the
poyson
.
The
which
being
giuen
him
in
drinke
,
he
was
forthwith
deliuered
from
theymminent
danger
,
and
the
most
part
of
the
Army
was
by
that
meanes
preserued
.
After
when
he
had
won
the
towne
by
force
,
he
returned
into
his
shippes
,
and
made
offring
to
Neptune
,
the
Sea-god
,
with
praiers
,
and
petition
for
safe
returne
into
his
Countrey
.
Then
he
established
the
boundes
of
his
Empire
as
farre
as
there
was
any
land
habitable
,
or
as
farre
as
the
sea
was
able
to
be
sailed
,
and
with
prosperous
winde
entred
into
the
mouth
of
the
Ryuer
Indus
.
There
(
as
a
monument
of
his
conquests
)
he
builded
the
Barce
,
and
set
vp
Altars
,
leauing
one
of
his
friendes
Lieuetenant
of
the
Indians
,
that
inhabit
the
Sea
coast
.
From
thence
intending
to
take
his
iourney
by
land
,
as
he
heard
there
was
scarcity
of
water
by
the
way
,
he
commaunded
pittes
to
be
made
in
places
conuenient
Alexanders
return
againe
to
Babylon
as
he
passed
,
wherein
he
found
great
plenty
of
sweete
water
,
and
so
returned
to
Babylon
.
There
many
of
the
Nations
that
he
had
subdued
,
accused
their
rulers
,
whom
Alexander
without
respect
either
of
friendship
,
or
fauour
,
caused
to
be
put
to
death
in
the
presence
of
the
Ambassad.
After
this
,
he
tooke
to
wife
Satir
,
the
daughter
of
king
Darius
.
He
also
chose
out
of
the
Noblest
,
and
most
beautifull
Ladies
and
Gentlewomen
of
all
Nations
,
and
gaue
them
to
his
Noblemen
in
marriage
:
which
he
did
to
the
intent
that
the
custom
and
community
of
the
fact
,
his
owne
offence
might
seeme
the
lighter
.
Then
summond
he
his
Army
before
him
,
and
enquiring
of
their
debts
,
he
promised
to
set
them
free
,
and
pay
what
they
owed
out
of
his
owne
purse
,
that
they
might
cary
home
cleare
their
booties
and
rewardes
.
This
liberality
was
highly
extold
in
Alexander
,
both
for
the
greatnesse
of
the
summe
,
and
in
regard
of
the
cheerefull
and
free
guift
thereof
.
And
it
was
as
thankfully
receiued
of
the
creditors
as
of
the
debtors
,
being
not
easie
for
the
one
to
recouer
His
bounty
to
his
Soulo●s
.
it
,
and
very
harde
for
the
other
to
haue
payd
it
.
In
those
occasions
,
three
and
twenty
thousand
talents
were
disbursed
.
He
also
cashierd
the
old
Souldiers
,
and
supplyed
their
roomes
with
younger
,
such
as
were
still
reteined
grudging
that
the
old
souldiers
were
dissmissed
required
also
to
be
cashiered
:
bidding
him
pay
them
their
wages
,
and
not
tell
them
of
their
yeares
,
for
seeing
they
were
chosen
into
warfarre
together
,
they
thought
it
but
right
and
duty
,
to
be
discharged
togither
.
And
now
they
deale
not
with
him
by
way
of
petition
,
but
by
flat
and
open
rayling
.
And
wish
him
to
sinishe
his
warres
alone
with
his
father
Hammon
,
and
then
go
set
light
by
his
Souldiers
.
He
on
the
contrary
side
somtime
rebuked
them
,
sometime
admonisht
them
,
perswading
with
gentle
speeches
,
that
they
should
not
darken
their
famous
conquests
with
rebellion
.
At
last
when
he
saw
his
wordes
were
not
auaileable
,
he
rose
out
of
his
chaire
13.
of
thebeginners
of
the
tumult
put
to
death
.
vnarmed
,
and
stept
amongst
the
thickest
of
them
,
being
all
armed
,
to
fetch
out
the
Authors
of
that
rebellious
contumacy
:
and
without
contradiction
or
resistance
brought
forth
thirteene
and
lead
them
to
execution
with
his
owne
handes
.
So
great
a
patience
in
suffering
death
did
the
feare
of
a
king
cast
vpon
them
,
or
the
customable
envring
to
the
discipline
of
warre
giue
him
bouldnes
to
put
them
to
death
.
Then
did
he
cal
the
Persians
a
part
,
and
speaking
to
them
praised
their
continuall
faithfulnesse
both
to
himselfe
,
and
to
their
kinges
in
times
past
,
and
rehearsed
his
benefites
towardes
them
:
how
he
neuer
esteemd
them
as
vanquished
,
but
as
partakers
of
his
victory
,
and
(
to
be
short
)
how
he
passed
into
their
lawes
,
and
customes
,
and
not
they
into
the
customes
of
his
countrey
,
hauing
made
both
the
conquerors
and
conquered
alike
by
winning
aliance
and
affinity
.
And
now
,
he
saide
he
would
commit
the
custody
of
his
owne
person
not
to
the
Macedones
onely
,
but
to
the
safety
also
of
the
Persians
.
Therevpon
he
chose
a
thousand
of
their
young
men
into
his
guard
,
and
to
another
sort
of
them
he
gaue
armour
,
and
weapons
,
and
dispearst
them
into
his
owne
hoaste
,
that
they
should
learne
the
orders
of
the
Macedonian
warres
.
This
the
Macedones
tooke
very
grieuously
,
lamenting
much
that
the
King
should
take
his
enemies
to
serue
in
their
roomes
.
And
so
with
teares
,
they
prostrated
themselues
at
the
feet
of
Alexander
,
requiring
him
to
be
more
satisfied
with
punishing
them
,
then
with
putting
them
to
shame
.
By
which
submission
they
obtained
,
that
Eleauen
thousand
of
the
old
Souldiers
were
discharged
.
And
of
his
friendes
there
were
dismissed
,
Polyperchon
,
Clytus
,
Gorgias
,
Polidamas
,
and
Antigonus
:
because
they
were
olde
Men
and
by
reason
thereof
not
able
any
longer
to
endure
the
trauels
of
warfarre
.
Craterus
had
the
charge
of
such
as
were
sent
awaye
,
with
commffion
to
take
vppon
him
Antipater
displaced
the
regynent
of
Macedon
,
in
the
place
and
stead
of
Antipater
.
Antipater
in
like
manner
was
commaunded
to
come
with
a
number
of
young
Souldiers
to
supply
the
Roome
of
Craterus
.
They
that
returned
home
had
their
allowaunce
of
wages
in
as
ample
sorte
,
as
if
they
had
still
followed
,
and
continued
the
warres
.
While
these
things
were
doing
,
Ephestion
(
one
The
death
of
Ephestian
,
&
the
great
mag
nificence
of
his
Toombe
.
of
Alexanders
friendes
)
deseased
,
whom
he
loued
most
entirely
,
both
for
his
excelient
beauty
,
when
he
was
borne
,
and
for
his
humble
obedience
in
his
Mans
estate
.
For
him
Alexander
mourned
a
long
time
,
and
that
in
more
extremity
,
then
well
became
the
condition
of
a
king
to
doe
:
bestowing
twelue
thousand
talents
vpon
a
Tombe
for
him
:
and
giuing
commaundement
to
honor
him
as
a
God
.
In
his
way
as
he
was
returning
towardes
Babylon
,
from
the
furthest
landes
,
that
bordered
vpon
the
Ocean
,
tydings
were
brought
him
,
that
the
Ambassadors
of
Carthage
,
and
other
Citties
of
Affrik
,
and
also
of
Spaine
,
Sicill
,
France
,
Sardinia
,
and
many
other
places
of
Italy
,
did
wait
for
his
comming
to
Babilon
.
So
great
a
terror
had
the
fame
of
his
name
striken
into
the
harts
of
all
the
world
,
that
all
Nations
,
as
if
they
had
determined
to
acknowledge
him
for
their
Soueraigne
Lord
,
were
glad
to
fawne
on
him
.
For
this
cause
,
as
he
was
making
speed
to
Babylon
,
(
to
hold
a
parliament
of
the
whole
world
)
one
of
the
wise
men
gaue
him
aduice
to
refrain
his
comming
there
,
for
it
was
the
fatall
place
of
his
death
.
Vpon
this
he
left
Babylon
and
went
to
the
Citty
Byarse
,
beyond
Euphrates
,
which
but
of
late
lay
desolate
.
There
Anaxarchus
the
Phylosopher
,
perswaded
him
to
despise
the
sayings
of
the
wisemen
as
false
and
vncertaine
.
For
,
looke
what
was
determined
by
destiny
,
Men
could
no
way
be
priuy
vnto
:
if
once
ordained
by
the
law
of
Nature
,
it
was
not
possible
for
man
to
auoyd
them
.
Returning
therefore
to
Babylon
,
when
many
daies
had
been
ydely
consumed
,
he
began
anew
his
feastings
and
ryot
,
which
of
some
long
time
hee
had
refrayned
:
and
giuing
himselfe
wholy
thereunto
,
he
spent
his
time
day
and
night
,
in
nothing
but
lasciuious
reuelling
.
Immediatly
vpon
a
banket
,
the
Physician
Thessalus
made
a
reare-supper
,
and
inuited
the
king
and
al
his
Lordes
thereunto
,
where
Alexander
taking
a
cup
in
his
hande
,
as
he
was
in
Alexander
is
poisoned
.
the
middest
of
his
draught
,
he
sodainly
gaue
a
great
sighe
,
as
though
he
had
been
pearsed
at
the
hart
with
the
point
of
a
dagger
and
being
carried
from
the
banquet
halfe
dead
,
was
soterribly
tormented
with
intollerable
paine
,
that
he
desired
a
sworde
to
take
away
his
life
,
and
when
hee
was
touched
by
any
man
,
it
was
so
grieuous
to
him
as
if
they
had
wounded
him
.
His
friends
caused
it
to
be
blowne
abroade
,
that
his
excessiue
drinking
was
the
cause
of
this
disease
:
but
indeed
it
was
their
owne
treason
,
the
slaunder
wherof
was
soone
suppressed
by
the
power
of
them
that
succeeded
.
The
author
of
this
treason
was
Antipater
,
who
seing
his
most
dear
friends
murthered
,
his
sonne
in
law
Alexander
of
Lyncest
,
put
to
death
,
and
himself
The
pr●●ur●rs
of
his
death
.
(
after
his
many
Nobles
enterprizes
atchieued
in
Greece
)
reaped
rather
disdaine
then
respect
,
for
all
his
labour
;
and
drawne
likewise
thereunto
by
diuers
complaints
made
vnto
him
by
Olympias
Alexanders
mother
:
considering
further
,
what
extremity
and
cruell
execution
,
was
but
euen
a
little
before
done
vpon
the
Licutenants
of
sundry
countries
,
he
coulde
not
but
gather
by
the
premisses
,
that
he
himselfe
also
was
not
sent
for
out
of
Macedon
,
to
attend
him
in
his
warres
,
but
to
abide
the
punishment
that
others
had
formerly
receiued
.
To
preuent
therefore
the
kings
purpose
,
he
sent
his
sonne
Cassander
priuily
with
poyson
:
the
which
Cassander
,
with
Phillip
and
Iohn
his
brothers
,
were
wont
to
serue
the
king
at
his
table
.
The
force
of
the
poyson
was
such
,
The
poyson
not
to
be
caried
but
in
the
hoose
of
a
Horse
.
that
neyther
brasse
,
yron
,
nor
earthen
vessell
was
able
to
hold
it
,
nor
coulde
it
be
caried
otherwise
then
in
the
hoose
of
an
horsse
,
giuing
especial
charge
vnto
his
sonne
,
that
he
should
put
trust
in
no
man
,
saue
Thessalus
&
his
brothers
.
For
this
cause
was
the
banquet
prepared
in
the
house
of
Thessalus
,
Philip
and
Iohn
,
which
were
wont
to
be
the
kinges
Tasters
and
cup-bearers
,
had
the
poison
in
cold
water
,
and
cast
it
vpon
Alexanders
drinke
:
the
fourth
day
after
,
Alexander
perceiuing
there
was
no
way
with
him
but
death
,
acknowledged
the
destiny
of
the
house
of
his
Auncestors
,
for
the
Aecides
died
ere
they
attayned
the
age
of
thirty
yeares
.
Then
he
appeased
his
Souldiers
,
which
began
to
grow
mutinous
,
and
to
make
an
vprore
,
in
mistrusting
that
the
king
was
killed
by
treason
,
and
being
carried
vp
into
the
highest
,
and
openest
place
of
the
Citty
,
and
laid
forth
there
vpon
a
couch
,
he
admitted
them
all
to
his
presence
,
putting
forth
his
hand
to
them
to
kisse
,
as
they
stood
weeping
,
and
lamenting
about
him
.
When
all
the
company
wept
to
behold
him
in
that
case
,
he
not
onely
shed
forth
neuer
a
The
ambassadors
of
Assri●ke
.
teare
,
but
was
without
sign
or
token
of
pensiuenes
,
Insomuch
as
he
gaue
great
comfort
vnto
his
followers
that
sorrowed
for
him
.
To
many
of
them
he
gaue
directions
to
recommend
him
to
their
friends
,
and
to
doe
errands
to
them
for
him
.
Thus
as
his
heart
was
inuincible
towards
his
Enemy
,
so
was
it
not
to
be
daunted
with
the
danger
of
death
.
When
he
had
dismissed
his
Souldiers
,
he
demaunded
of
his
friendes
standing
about
him
,
if
they
thought
euer
to
haue
the
like
king
againe
:
wherat
euery
man
holding
his
peace
,
he
spake
himselfe
,
saieng
,
that
though
he
knew
not
that
,
yet
he
prefectly
knew
and
prophecied
yea
,
and
in
manner
saw
it
before
his
eies
,
how
much
blood
should
be
spent
by
Macedon
in
that
quarrell
,
and
with
how
great
slaughter
it
should
keepe
his
funerals
after
his
departure
.
At
the
last
he
willed
his
body
to
be
buried
in
the
Temple
of
Hammon
.
And
when
his
friends
perceiued
him
to
draw
on
,
and
euen
at
point
to
giue
vp
the
ghost
,
they
asked
who
should
be
heire
of
his
Empire
,
he
answered
,
The
worthiest
.
So
great
was
his
magnanimity
,
and
courage
of
heart
,
that
whereas
hee
left
behind
him
his
sonne
Hercules
,
his
brother
Arideus
,
and
his
wife
Roxanes
great
with
child
,
yet
he
forgot
them
all
,
both
kindred
,
and
alience
,
and
pronounced
him
to
be
his
heire
that
was
worthiest
.
As
if
it
had
not
beene
lawfull
for
any
to
succeed
a
conqueror
,
but
a
Man
of
courage
,
and
valour
.
Or
to
leaue
the
riches
of
so
great
a
kingdome
to
any
,
that
had
not
proued
himselfe
a
man
in
the
proceedings
of
Martiall
dissipline
.
With
these
wordes
(
as
though
he
had
sounded
a
Trumpet
among
his
Nobility
,
and
sowne
the
seede
of
debate
and
mischiefe
)
euery
one
harboured
enuy
in
his
heart
against
other
,
and
with
coulorable
flattery
priuily
sought
the
fauour
of
the
men
of
warre
.
The
sixt
daie
when
his
speech
was
gone
,
he
tooke
the
ring
from
his
finger
,
and
deliuered
it
to
Perdicas
,
the
which
appeased
the
dissention
of
his
friends
,
the
which
was
euen
ready
to
begin
amongst
them
.
For
although
he
was
not
prouounced
heire
by
word
of
mouth
,
yet
it
seemed
it
was
his
minde
he
should
succeed
him
.
Alexander
deseased
at
the
age
of
three
and
thirty
yeares
,
and
one
moneth
:
a
man
endued
with
stoutnesse
of
courage
,
and
beyond
the
condition
of
Mans
fraile
nature
.
The
same
night
that
his
mother
Olimpias
conceiued
him
,
she
dreamed
she
had
to
do
with
a
great
Dragon
,
neither
was
she
deceiued
of
the
gods
in
her
dreame
,
for
out
of
all
doubt
she
bare
in
her
wombe
,
a
worke
of
nature
exceeding
farre
the
conceipt
of
humaine
power
or
capacity
.
Tokens
that
appeared
at
the
death
of
Alexander
.
And
albeit
she
was
much
renowned
both
for
the
house
of
Aeacus
,
from
whence
by
auncient
descent
of
so
many
hundreth
yeares
,
she
was
lineally
conueied
:
as
also
,
for
that
her
father
,
brother
,
husband
,
and
al
her
auncestors
were
kings
:
yet
was
she
in
none
of
these
respects
so
much
to
be
aduanced
,
as
by
her
owne
sonne
.
Many
wonderfull
fortokens
of
his
greatnes
apeared
at
the
time
of
his
birth
.
For
the
same
day
that
he
was
borne
,
two
Eagles
stood
all
day
on
the
top
of
his
fathers
house
,
representing
a
signe
of
his
double
Empire
of
Europe
,
and
Asia
.
The
very
same
day
also
his
father
receiued
tydings
of
two
victories
.
The
one
of
a
battel
against
the
Illirians
,
the
other
of
the
gaming
at
the
mountaine
Olimpus
,
vnto
which
he
had
sent
his
chariots
.
Which
things
were
tokens
that
the
childe
should
be
Conqueror
of
all
countries
.
During
his
childhood
,
he
was
brought
vp
and
kept
to
his
learning
very
straightly
.
When
he
came
to
mans
estate
,
he
profited
much
in
knowledge
for
siue
years
space
vnder
Aristotle
,
the
most
famous
Philosopher
.
Afterward
when
he
had
taken
the
kingdome
vpon
him
,
he
proclaimed
himselfe
king
of
all
lands
,
and
of
the
whole
world
.
And
he
so
behaued
himselfe
among
his
Souldiors
,
that
if
he
were
present
with
them
,
no
enemy
could
daunt
their
corages
,
or
make
them
afraid
,
though
themselues
had
bene
naked
,
and
vnarmed
.
He
neuer
encountred
with
any
enemy
,
but
he
ouercame
him
.
He
neuer
besieged
Citty
,
but
he
wan
it
:
ho
neuer
entred
any
country
,
but
he
subdued
it
.
Yet
at
last
he
was
ouercome
,
not
by
force
of
the
enemy
.
But
by
the
falfehood
,
and
treason
of
his
owne
subiects
.
The
ende
of
the
twelfth
Booke
.
THE
XIII
.
BOOKE
OF
Iustine
.
THE
ARGVMENT
.
THe
mother
of
Darius
dyeth
for
sorrow
.
Aridens
is
made
King.
The
Empyre
is
deuided
among
the
Noblemen
of
Alexander
.
The
Athenians
and
Aetolyans
driue
Antipater
out
of
Greece
.
Perdicas
maketh
warre
against
Ariarathes
King
of
Cappadocia
.
The
Noblemen
of
Macedon
fall
at
variance
among
themselues
.
The
foundation
of
the
Citty
Cyricene
in
Aphricke
.
Perdicas
is
hated
for
his
pride
,
and
Eumenes
winneth
the
glory
of
two
fields
.
WHen
Alexander
had
thus
left
the
World
in
the
flower
of
his
age
,
and
the
glory
of
his
conquests
:
all
menne
were
stricken
into
heauinesse
and
admiration
,
especially
the
Citty
of
Babylon
:
But
the
Nations
whom
hee
had
brought
to
his
subiection
,
could
not
giue
credite
to
the
report
,
because
as
they
beleeued
him
to
bee
inuincible
,
so
likewise
they
thoght
him
to
be
immortall
;
calling
to
remembrance
how
often
he
had
beene
deliuered
from
present
death
,
and
his
weapon
being
lost
,
not
only
shewed
himselfe
sodainly
sound
and
in
safety
,
but
also
getting
the
vpper
hand
and
victory
.
But
when
they
were
thoroughlie
perswaded
that
he
was
dead
indeed
,
all
the
barbarous
Nations
that
he
had
conquered
but
a
little
before
,
mourned
for
him
,
not
as
an
enemy
,
but
a
father
vnto
them
.
Moreouer
the
mother
of
Darius
,
hearing
of
Alexanders
death
,
was
not
more
tormented
with
The
heauines
of
Enemies
,
and
reioicing
of
the
Macedons
for
the
death
of
Alexander
.
griefe
for
the
losse
of
her
sonne
,
or
her
owne
downefall
from
so
high
estate
,
as
she
sorrowed
to
see
that
day
:
Not
that
she
set
more
by
her
enemy
,
then
by
her
sonne
,
but
because
his
clemency
and
fauour
was
so
great
being
a
conqueror
,
and
she
had
found
the
naturall
loue
of
a
sonne
in
him
,
when
she
feared
him
as
her
enemie
.
The
Macedons
contrariwise
mourned
not
for
him
,
as
for
their
countreyman
,
or
for
their
king
of
such
high
and
great
Maiesty
,
but
reioyce
as
if
they
had
lost
an
enemy
,
his
seuerity
was
such
,
and
the
continuall
ieopardies
that
he
put
them
to
by
the
warres
.
The
Princes
also
gaped
on
euery
side
,
for
the
diuision
of
his
kingdomes
and
prouinces
:
the
souldiers
for
a
great
masse
of
money
and
golde
,
as
a
booty
falling
into
their
mouthes
vnexspected
.
The
one
making
account
to
succeede
him
in
his
Empyre
,
the
other
to
possesse
his
great
riches
and
treasure
.
There
were
founde
in
his
treasurie
,
one
hundreth
The
great
riches
that
was
found
after
the
death
of
Alexander
.
thousand
talents
,
besides
the
yearelye
custome
and
tribute
,
which
amounted
to
three
hundred
thousand
more
.
But
it
was
not
for
nothing
that
the
Noblemen
of
Alexander
did
so
looke
for
the
kingdome
.
For
they
were
all
of
that
prowesse
and
magnanimity
,
that
euery
one
in
his
carriage
represented
the
maiesty
and
condition
of
a
king
.
They
were
all
of
such
excellent
beauty
,
and
fauour
,
of
so
tall
,
and
goodly
personages
,
of
so
great
strength
,
and
wisdome
,
that
he
to
whom
they
had
not
bene
knowne
,
would
not
haue
thought
they
had
bene
of
one
countrey
,
but
elected
rather
and
chosen
from
the
vtmost
partes
of
the
world
.
Neither
The
choisest
men
of
the
kingdome
.
did
Macedon
nor
any
countrey
before
that
time
,
euer
flourish
with
such
a
number
of
Noblemen
,
as
first
Phillip
,
and
then
Alexander
with
good
aduisement
,
had
pickt
and
chosen
foorth
;
not
somuche
to
serue
the
warres
,
as
to
succeed
in
the
kingdome
.
Who
can
then
maruell
that
the
world
was
subdued
by
such
men
of
seruice
?
seing
the
Army
of
Macedon
was
guided
by
so
many
,
not
captains
,
but
kings
:
who
could
neuer
haue
bin
matched
by
others
,
had
they
not
fallen
at
contention
betweene
themselues
.
For
if
that
enuy
and
emulation
of
their
owne
puissance
,
had
not
stirred
them
vp
to
selfe-destruction
,
they
should
haue
had
many
Alexanders
for
the
losse
of
one
.
But
after
the
time
of
Alexanders
death
;
they
assembled
themselues
together
,
not
anye
one
fearing
the
other
,
or
mistrusting
the
men
of
warre
,
whose
libertye
was
now
more
large
,
and
fauor
vncertaine
.
Among
themselues
the
equalitie
encreased
the
discorde
,
no
one
man
so
farre
exceeding
the
rest
,
that
any
would
subscribe
to
submission
.
They
assembled
therefore
all
in
armor
in
the
pallace
,
to
set
matters
in
order
for
the
Great
emulation
amongst
the
Nobility
and
Wa●riors
time
.
Perdicas
thought
it
good
to
abide
the
deliuerance
of
Roxanes
,
who
had
now
gone
eight
months
with
child
by
Alexander
,
and
would
be
ready
to
lye
downe
shortly
.
If
she
brought
forth
a
sonne
,
to
substitute
him
in
his
fathers
stead
.
Meleager
replying
therevnto
,
said
it
was
not
meet
to
delay
their
determination
,
vpon
her
doubtful
deliuerance
,
nor
to
tarry
for
a
King
that
was
vnborne
,
Sith
they
might
take
such
as
were
borne
already
.
For
if
they
desired
to
haue
a
child
to
their
King
,
there
was
at
Pergamus
,
alexanders
sonne
,
called
Hercules
,
whom
he
had
by
Arsine
.
If
they
had
rather
haue
a
young
man
,
there
was
in
the
campe
aridens
,
the
Brother
and
companion
of
Alexander
,
one
that
was
beloued
of
all
men
,
not
for
his
own
sake
only
,
but
for
King
Phillips
sake
,
his
father
.
As
for
Roxanes
for
that
shee
was
a
Persian
,
it
was
not
lawful
for
the
Macedones
to
take
Kings
vnto
them
of
their
blood
,
whose
Empire
they
had
subuerted
,
sith
it
was
no
part
of
Alexanders
Controu●●se
maintained
about
the
next
h●●●e
to
the
C●owne
.
meaning
,
neither
did
he
make
mention
there
of
at
his
death
.
Ptolomy
,
refused
to
haue
Aridens
made
King
,
not
onely
for
his
Mothers
basenesse
,
for
he
was
begotten
of
a
Concubine
of
Larissa
,
but
for
his
continual
sicknes
,
which
was
so
great
,
that
it
was
like
to
dishable
the
gouernment
,
and
sway
of
so
high
a
place
.
Therefore
he
thought
it
better
for
them
,
to
make
choice
of
some
of
those
,
which
for
their
prowesse
had
bene
neerest
about
the
King
,
that
they
might
rule
the
prouinces
,
and
take
charge
of
the
warres
,
rather
then
vnder
the
colour
of
a
King
,
to
be
at
the
commaundement
of
vnworthy
persons
.
At
length
by
the
consent
of
them
all
,
the
sentence
and
opinion
of
Perdicas
took
place
,
and
so
it
was
esteemed
fit
to
tarrie
the
deliuerance
of
Roxanes
:
and
if
Perdica●
,
his
aduice
followed
.
she
had
a
manchild
,
it
was
determined
,
that
Leonatus
,
Perdicas
,
Craterus
,
and
Antipater
,
should
be
protectors
,
and
the
rest
tooke
their
oth
to
be
obedient
to
them
.
When
the
horsemen
had
done
the
like
,
the
footemen
disdaining
that
they
were
made
priuie
to
no
part
of
their
doings
,
proclaimed
Aridens
alexanders
brother
to
be
their
King
:
and
chose
him
a
Guard
of
his
owne
kindred
,
giuing
him
the
name
of
his
father
King
Phillip
.
When
tidings
hereof
came
to
the
horsemen
,
they
sent
attalus
,
and
Meleager
Ambassadors
,
being
two
of
the
Noblemen
,
to
appease
their
wrath
;
Who
seeing
preheminence
by
pleasing
the
multitude
,
relinquisht
their
message
,
and
condiscended
to
the
Souldiors
.
Foorthwith
the
tumult
increased
,
as
soone
as
councell
had
gotten
head
,
and
directions
.
Then
prepared
for
the
purpose
,
they
violently
rushed
into
the
place
,
with
intent
to
destroy
the
men
of
arms
,
who
vnderstanding
what
peril
they
stood
Common
between
the
hor●●●●
and
soo●●●●
.
in
,
fearefullie
conueyed
themselues
out
of
the
Cittie
,
and
picht
their
campo
in
the
fields
,
at
which
the
footmen
also
began
to
be
affraid
.
Neither
did
the
hatred
of
the
Noble
men
cease
,
for
attalus
was
sent
to
kil
Perdicas
of
the
contrary
part
,
who
being
armed
,
shewed
himselfe
of
such
corage
,
that
they
that
were
sent
to
strike
him
,
durst
not
approach
or
come
neere
him
:
Whereupon
his
boldnesse
was
such
,
that
of
his
owne
free
will
he
went
to
the
footmen
,
and
assembled
them
together
,
laying
to
their
charge
what
a
heinous
matter
they
attempted
,
and
willing
them
to
haue
respect
,
against
whom
they
took
weapon
in
hand
:
not
against
the
Persians
,
but
the
Macedons
;
not
against
their
enemies
,
but
their
owne
countrimen
:
many
of
them
their
kinsmen
,
and
most
of
them
,
their
companions
in
arms
&
partakers
of
their
perils
.
Wherfore
they
ought
rather
to
make
a
good
shew
to
thetr
enemies
,
that
they
may
Perdicas
his
Oration
to
them
that
came
to
●●●●der
him
.
reioyce
to
see
them
murther
one
another
,
by
whose
puissance
they
lamented
themselues
to
be
ouercome
:
and
to
see
them
doe
sacrifice
with
theyr
owne
bloud
,
vnto
the
ghostes
of
them
that
they
had
slaine
.
When
Perdicas
had
with
his
singular
eloquence
fully
debated
these
matters
,
he
so
mooued
the
footmen
thereby
,
that
by
common
consent
he
was
chosen
their
Captaine
generall
.
The
horsemen
also
being
brought
to
attonement
,
consented
to
take
aridens
for
K.
reseruing
a
part
of
the
kingdome
for
the
sonne
of
Alexander
,
if
any
should
be
borne
.
This
did
they
,
laying
the
bodie
of
alexander
,
amongst
them
,
that
he
might
be
a
witnesse
of
their
decrees
.
These
things
thus
set
at
a
stay
,
Antipater
was
made
regent
of
Macedon
,
and
Greece
.
Craterus
appointed
to
bee
high
Treasorour
.
The
charge
of
the
campe
,
the
hoast
,
and
matters
of
warfarre
committed
to
Meleager
,
and
Perdicas
.
Aridens
himselfe
being
assigned
to
conuey
the
corse
of
Alexander
to
the
temple
of
Hammon
.
Then
Perdicas
sore
displeased
with
the
authors
of
the
sedition
,
without
knowledge
of
Meleager
,
the
next
day
commanded
a
sodaine
search
to
be
made
in
the
campe
for
the
death
of
the
King.
After
there
arose
war
betwixt
Antigonus
and
Perdicas
.
Antigonus
was
aided
Great
w●rs
amon●st
the
〈◊〉
of
Alexander
.
by
Craterus
,
and
Antipater
.
Who
taking
truce
with
the
Athenians
,
made
Polyperchon
Regent
of
Macedon
and
Greece
.
Perdycas
perceauing
that
the
world
went
not
on
his
side
,
sent
for
arydius
,
and
great
Alexanders
sonne
(
of
whom
the
charge
was
committed
vnto
him
)
to
haue
them
come
out
of
Cappadocia
,
and
giue
their
aduice
as
concerning
the
order
of
the
warres
.
Some
were
of
opinion
to
remoue
the
warre
into
Macedon
,
to
the
very
welspring
and
head
of
the
kingdome
,
because
Olimpias
was
there
,
who
being
Alexanders
mother
would
be
no
smal
stay
on
their
side
,
for
the
fauour
of
cominalty
in
the
remembrance
of
Phillip
and
Alexander
.
But
it
was
thought
most
for
the
common
profit
to
begin
at
Egypt
,
least
when
they
were
gone
into
Macedon
Ptolomy
might
inuade
Asia
.
Eumenes
besides
the
prouinces
he
had
before
,
had
deliuered
vnto
him
paphlagonia
,
Caria
,
L●cia
,
and
Phrygia
,
and
there
he
was
commaunded
to
abide
the
comming
of
Craterus
and
Antipater
.
To
assist
him
,
were
appointed
Alcetas
the
brother
of
Perdicas
&
Neoptolemus
,
with
their
Armies
.
Clytus
was
made
chiefe
admiral
of
the
sleete
.
Cilicia
was
taken
from
Philotas
,
and
giuen
to
Phyloxenus
,
and
Perdicas
himselfe
with
a
great
army
went
towards
Egipt
.
So
Macedon
,
through
the
discord
of
the
Captaines
,
deuiding
themselues
into
two
parts
,
set
her
weapons
against
her
owne
bowels
,
turning
the
furnitur
of
warre
that
was
appointed
for
the
forren
Enemy
,
to
the
slaughter
of
her
owne
inhabitants
,
like
mad
men
intending
to
mangle
the
handes
and
members
of
their
owne
body
.
But
Ptolomy
by
his
industry
got
great
riches
in
Egypt
,
for
by
his
modesty
he
both
wonne
the
hearts
of
the
Aegyptians
,
and
by
his
friendly
and
gentle
behauiour
,
The
great
commendation
of
P●●lomy
K.
of
●gypt
.
he
purchased
the
goodwilles
of
such
kinges
,
and
as
were
his
neighbours
.
Further
,
he
so
enlarged
his
kingdome
by
conquering
the
citty
Cyrene
,
that
by
means
therof
he
was
now
become
a
Prince
of
such
power
,
that
there
was
not
such
cause
for
him
to
feare
his
enemies
,
as
his
Enemies
to
be
afraide
of
him
.
This
citty
Cyrene
was
builded
by
.
Aristeus
,
who
because
he
was
tongue-tyed
,
was
named
Battus
.
This
Mans
father
called
cyrenus
King
of
the
●lande
there
,
when
(
for
shame
that
his
sonne
being
at
Mans
estate
,
could
not
speake
)
he
came
to
the
Oracle
at
Delphos
to
make
intercession
to
the
gods
for
him
,
receiued
answer
,
by
which
his
son
Battus
was
commaunded
to
go
into
Affricke
,
and
build
the
citty
cyrene
and
that
ther
he
should
receiue
the
vse
of
his
tongue
:
but
because
the
answere
seemed
like
a
mockery
,
the
matter
was
left
of
,
by
the
likelynesse
of
the
Isle
Theramene
,
out
of
which
inhabyters
were
commanded
to
repaire
into
Affricke
,
there
to
build
a
citty
in
a
country
so
far
of
.
Afterwards
in
processe
of
time
,
there
fel
such
a
pestilence
among
them
for
their
stubbornnesse
,
that
they
were
compeld
to
obey
the
commandment
of
the
god
,
being
so
small
a
number
of
them
,
that
they
were
scarce
able
to
furnish
one
ship
.
When
they
came
into
Affrick
,
both
for
the
pleasantnesse
of
the
place
,
and
the
aboundance
of
water
springes
,
they
expelled
the
inhabiters
of
the
mountaine
Cyra
,
and
planted
themselues
in
the
same
place
.
There
their
Captaine
Battus
had
his
tongue
stringes
loosed
and
began
to
speak
.
This
encouraged
their
harts
to
build
vp
the
rest
of
the
citty
,
for
that
the
goddes
,
had
already
performed
part
of
his
promises
.
Their
tents
therefore
being
pitched
,
they
heard
a
report
of
an
olde
tale
.
Namely
that
Cyrene
,
a
maide
of
excellent
beauty
was
rauished
by
Apollo
in
the
mountaine
Peluis
in
Thessaly
,
and
caried
from
thence
to
the
toppe
of
this
mountaine
,
where
the
goddes
begat
her
with
child
:
and
when
she
had
gon
her
time
,
was
deliuered
of
foure
Sonnes
,
Nomius
,
Aristeus
,
Eutecus
,
and
Ageus
.
And
that
her
father
Hypseus
king
of
Thessaly
,
sent
out
men
to
seeke
her
,
who
inticed
with
the
pleasantnesse
of
the
place
,
aboad
still
with
the
maide
in
that
country
.
Of
which
children
when
they
came
to
estate
,
three
returned
into
Thessaly
,
and
possessed
their
grand-fathers
kingdome
:
but
Aristeus
had
a
large
dominion
in
arcady
,
and
first
taught
the
vse
of
bees
,
and
Honey
,
of
Milke
,
and
creame
,
and
first
founde
out
the
times
of
the
yeare
,
when
the
Sunne
is
at
the
highest
in
Summer
,
and
at
the
lowest
in
winter
,
with
the
courses
of
the
other
Starres
.
Vpon
which
report
,
Battus
learning
the
name
of
the
maiden
by
the
oracles
,
builded
the
Citty
Cyrene
.
Ptolomy
therefore
increased
in
strength
by
the
power
of
this
citty
,
prepared
for
the
warre
against
Perdicas
comming
.
But
the
hatred
that
Perdycas
had
gotten
thorough
his
passing
pride
,
did
him
more
harme
then
the
power
of
his
Enemies
.
For
his
owne
companions
hating
P●●de
in
p●●a
c●s
they
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
him
,
fled
by
heapes
vnto
antipater
.
Neoptolemus
also
being
left
to
assist
Eumenes
,
purposed
not
only
to
turne
vnto
the
contrary
parte
,
but
also
to
be
tray
the
whole
host
of
his
adherents
.
Which
pretence
when
Eumenes
,
had
espied
,
he
had
no
other
shift
,
but
to
try
the
matter
against
the
traitor
by
the
sword
.
Neoptolemus
being
vanquished
fled
to
antipater
,
&
Polyperchon
perswading
them
that
if
they
would
keepe
on
their
iourney
without
staying
,
they
might
fall
vnawares
vpon
Eumenes
,
who
now
ioying
sor
his
late
victory
,
was
secure
and
without
care
,
in
that
he
had
put
him
to
slight
.
But
his
purpose
was
not
vnknowne
to
Eumenes
,
therefore
the
treason
turned
vpon
the
traitors
heads
.
For
they
which
thought
to
haue
surpryzed
him
ere
he
was
aware
,
were
met
withall
themselues
,
when
they
least
looked
for
it
,
hauing
watched
all
the
night
,
and
wearied
with
trauell
.
In
that
encounter
Polyperchon
had
his
deaths-wounde
,
and
escaped
not
.
Neoptolemus
also
fighting
Polyperchon
and
Neoptolemus
slayne
.
hand
to
hand
with
Eumenes
a
great
while
together
,
after
many
hurts
giuen
,
and
receiued
,
was
in
the
end
ouercome
and
slaine
.
Eumenes
therefore
getting
the
vpper
hand
in
two
pitched
fields
together
,
vp
held
his
side
for
a
time
,
which
was
not
a
little
impaired
by
the
reuolting
of
his
adherents
.
Neuerthelesse
at
the
last
when
Perdicas
was
slaine
,
both
he
,
and
Phyton
,
Illirius
,
and
alcetas
the
brother
of
Perdicas
,
were
proclaymed
Traytors
by
the
hoste
of
their
enemies
,
and
antigonus
was
appointed
to
make
warre
against
them
.
The
ende
of
the
thirteen
Booke
THE
xiiij
.
BOOKE
OF
Iustine
.
THE
ARGVMENT
.
EVmenes
preuenteth
the
pollicies
of
his
enemies
.
He
is
besieged
by
antigonus
.
He
is
rescued
by
antipater
.
He
craueth
ayde
from
the
argiraspides
.
He
is
ouer
come
by
antigonus
,
and
is
betrayed
by
his
owne
souldiors
.
cassander
is
made
Regent
of
Greece
.
The
Lacedemonians
enclose
their
citty
with
a
wall
.
Euridice
and
arideus
are
slaine
at
the
commandement
of
Olimpias
.
Cassander
likwise
putteth
Olimptas
to
death
,
and
imprisoneth
the
sonne
of
alexander
.
WHen
Eumenes
vnderstood
that
Perdicas
was
slaine
,
himselfe
proclaimed
traytor
in
Macedon
,
and
that
Antigonus
was
appointed
to
make
warre
against
him
,
he
declared
matter
of
his
owne
accord
to
his
Souldiers
,
least
the
sodaine
●umenc●
preuenteth
his
enemies
.
newes
thereof
might
cause
them
to
esteeme
the
matter
worse
,
then
it
was
indeed
,
or
the
strangenesse
of
it
discourage
their
hearts
.
And
to
the
end
he
might
try
whether
their
mindes
were
any
way
bent
against
him
,
or
no
:
and
intending
to
proceede
according
as
he
saw
them
inclined
,
he
boldly
protested
amongst
them
,
that
if
any
mans
hart
failed
him
,
he
should
haue
liberty
and
lycence
to
depart
.
the
which
speech
so
perswaded
them
all
to
fauour
his
proceedings
,
that
they
bad
him
be
of
good
comfort
,
and
promised
to
repcale
the
decrees
of
Alexander
by
the
sword
.
Then
did
he
remoue
with
his
host
into
Aetalia
,
where
he
raised
a
taxe
of
the
cittyes
,
and
such
as
refused
to
bestow
it
vpon
him
,
he
sacked
them
like
an
enemie
.
From
thence
he
went
to
Sardus
,
vnto
cleopatra
the
sister
of
great
Alexander
that
by
hir
words
,
the
captaines
and
chiefe
officers
might
be
the
more
strengthened
to
stand
in
his
quarrell
.
For
he
was
of
opinion
that
the
maiesty
of
the
kingdome
was
on
that
side
,
which
the
Sister
of
Alexander
held
with
.
So
much
reuerence
was
attributed
to
the
greatnesse
of
Alexander
,
that
men
sought
the
sauou●
of
his
sacred
name
,
euen
by
the
footsteppes
of
women
.
When
he
returned
into
his
tent
,
letters
were
found
dispersed
thorough
all
the
campe
,
wherein
were
promised
great
rewardes
to
him
that
would
bring
Eumenes
head
vnto
Antigonus
.
Eumenes
hauing
knowledge
hereof
,
summoned
his
souldiers
before
him
,
and
first
gaue
them
thankes
,
that
none
of
them
would
be
sound
to
preser
the
hope
of
a
bloody
reward
before
his
faithfull
oath
.
Then
he
knit
vp
the
matter
,
saying
that
those
letters
were
deuised
by
himselfe
to
try
the
minds
of
his
souldiers
,
and
that
it
lay
in
all
their
handes
to
saue
him
,
or
cast
him
away
,
excusing
antigonus
,
or
any
other
of
the
Captaines
,
that
in
such
manner
they
couetted
to
get
the
vpper
hand
,
or
to
giue
any
such
wicked
example
to
others
to
do
the
like
by
him
.
By
this
he
both
stayed
Fumenes
〈◊〉
to
flight
by
Anti●onus
the
wauering
mindes
of
his
Souldiers
for
the
time
prsent
,
and
prouided
before
hand
,
that
if
the
like
chaunce
snould
happen
hereafter
,
his
souldiers
shuld
not
thinke
themselues
corrupted
by
their
enemye
,
but
rather
tryed
onely
by
their
captaine
.
Euery
Man
therefore
stroue
who
might
be
most
for
the
safeguard
of
Eumenes
.
In
the
meane
season
came
Antygonus
against
them
with
his
host
,
and
resting
himselfe
in
his
campe
for
that
night
,
brought
forth
his
men
in
battell
ray
the
next
morning
:
neither
did
Eumenes
detract
the
encounter
,
but
being
put
to
the
worse
,
fled
into
a
certaine
strong
hold
,
where
perceiuing
himselfe
driuen
to
abide
the
aduenture
of
the
siege
,
he
dismist
the
greater
part
of
his
Army
,
doubting
least
by
consent
of
such
a
multitude
he
might
be
betrayed
of
his
Enemies
,
or
else
be
pestred
with
the
number
of
Men.
Then
sent
he
ambassadors
to
antipater
,
who
was
able
to
match
antigonus
.
Antygonus
hearing
that
antipater
had
sent
to
rescue
Eumenes
,
brake
vp
his
siege
and
went
his
way
.
Thus
was
Eumenes
deliuered
from
fear
of
death
,
but
hee
could
not
long
continue
in
safety
,
seing
he
had
sent
away
his
men
of
warre
.
Therfore
when
he
had
looked
about
him
,
he
thought
it
best
to
resorte
to
the
Argyraspides
that
Fumene●
g●t
t●th
the
●auor
of
the
Ar
gira●pides
.
inuincible
host
.
But
the
argiraspides
,
after
alexander
was
gon
,
disdained
al
captaines
,
thinking
themselues
dishonoured
to
serue
vnder
any
other
,
considering
what
a
Prince
they
had
fo
lately
serued
.
Eumenes
entreated
and
spake
gently
to
euery
of
them
,
calling
them
somtimes
his
sellowes
and
companyons
in
armes
,
sometimes
his
patrones
and
defendours
,
other
whiles
his
partakers
of
all
daungerous
attemptes
and
enterprises
in
the
East
:
boasting
that
they
onely
were
the
men
by
whose
puissaunce
the
East
was
subdued
,
which
had
surmounted
the
monuments
of
Hercules
:
that
by
them
alexander
was
made
great
:
by
them
he
obtained
to
honour
and
immortall
glory
,
beseeching
them
to
receiue
him
amongst
them
,
not
so
much
for
a
captaine
,
as
for
one
of
their
fellowes
,
and
that
they
would
giue
him
leaue
to
be
one
of
their
society
.
Being
vpon
this
condition
entertained
,
by
little
and
litle
,
first
with
admonishing
euery
man
apart
,
and
afterward
with
gentle
correcting
such
thinges
as
were
doone
amisse
,
he
vsurped
authority
ouer
them
.
Nothing
could
be
done
in
the
campe
without
him
,
nothing
could
be
attempted
without
his
aduice
.
At
the
length
when
it
was
told
him
antigonus
came
against
him
with
an
army
,
he
compelled
them
to
put
themselues
in
order
of
battell
so
that
whiles
they
disdained
to
be
ruled
by
their
captain
,
by
force
of
their
enemies
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
another
ouerthrow
.
they
were
ouercome
.
In
that
battell
they
lost
not
onely
al
their
glory
and
renowne
,
won
in
so
many
battels
before
,
but
also
their
wiues
and
children
,
and
all
the
goods
they
had
gotten
in
so
long
continued
warr
so
farre
from
home
.
Eumenes
the
author
of
this
their
losse
and
discomfiture
,
hauing
none
other
comfort
or
refuge
to
fly
vnto
,
beganne
to
harten
and
encourage
them
when
they
were
vanquished
and
ouercome
:
affirming
that
they
were
surperior
as
touching
their
prowesse
and
puissance
:
For
they
had
slaine
●●ue
thousand
of
their
enemies
,
and
if
they
were
minded
to
sticke
to
it
to
the
vttermost
,
they
should
see
their
enemies
faine
to
sue
to
them
for
peace
.
As
for
the
losses
and
damage
whereby
they
thought
themselues
so
much
hindred
,
it
was
but
onely
two
thousand
women
,
and
a
few
children
and
bondmen
,
the
which
they
might
better
recouer
by
getting
the
victory
,
then
by
forsaking
the
victory
for
wante
of
courage
.
The
Argyraspides
made
answer
,
they
would
neither
attempt
to
run
away
with
the
losse
of
their
wiues
and
bedfellowes
,
nor
yet
make
warre
against
their
owne
children
;
where
with
they
beganne
extremely
to
reuile
him
,
in
that
after
so
many
yeares
,
when
they
were
returned
home
with
their
wages
which
they
had
well
and
dearely
earned
,
and
with
the
rewardes
of
so
many
battels
,
being
at
rest
,
and
hauing
giuen
ouer
the
warres
,
he
to
come
and
winne
them
forth
a
new
to
warfare
and
endlesse
encounters
:
leading
them
from
their
houses
and
natiue
countrey
,
onely
to
delude
them
with
vaine
promises
:
also
after
they
had
lost
the
hope
and
profit
of
their
prosperous
warfare
,
could
not
be
content
to
suffer
them
being
thus
vanquished
,
to
lead
the
rest
of
their
wretched
old
age
in
quietnesse
.
Hereupon
without
knowledge
of
their
captaines
,
they
sent
messengers
to
antigonus
,
whereupon
he
desiring
restitution
of
their
goodes
sent
them
word
Conspiracy
against
Eumenes
againe
,
he
would
restore
euery
whit
,
so
that
they
would
yelde
Eumenes
into
his
handes
.
Eumenes
hearing
of
this
practise
,
attempted
with
a
few
scattering
souldiers
to
escape
by
flight
:
but
being
sent
back
againe
,
seeing
no
hope
of
recouery
,
as
the
multitude
slocked
about
him
,
he
made
request
that
he
might
yet
once
before
he
dyed
,
speake
vnto
his
army
.
They
willed
him
to
say
his
mind
.
Silence
being
made
,
and
his
bandes
losed
,
hee
stretched
forth
his
hands
fettered
as
they
were
,
and
shewed
them
,
saying
.
Behold
my
Souldiers
the
apparell
and
ornaments
of
your
Captaine
,
Fumenes
his
O●ation
to
his
souldiors
.
which
none
of
his
enemies
hath
put
vpon
him
,
for
that
were
a
comfort
to
him
,
but
euen
you
your selues
,
haue
made
me
of
a
conqueror
a
vanquished
person
,
you
haue
made
mee
of
a
Captaine
,
a
Captiue
.
Foure
times
within
this
twelue
month
,
you
haue
sworne
to
be
true
to
me
,
but
I
will
let
that
passe
.
For
it
is
not
meet
for
men
in
aduersity
,
to
vpbraide
others
.
This
onely
one
thing
I
require
at
your
hands
,
that
if
Antigonus
be
so
fully
bent
to
take
my
head
from
me
,
as
in
whose
death
all
his
affaires
and
purposes
should
be
finished
,
you
will
let
mee
die
among
you
.
For
I
am
sure
he
cares
not
after
what
sort
,
or
where
I
die
,
so
I
be
dead
,
neither
doe
I
passe
greatly
for
my
life
,
so
I
might
be
deliuered
from
this
slaunderous
death
.
If
you
will
graunt
me
this
request
,
I
discharge
you
of
your
oath
,
whereby
you
haue
bound
your selues
so
often
vnto
me
.
Or
if
ye
be
ashamed
to
slay
mee
your selues
,
then
reach
me
a
weapon
,
and
giue
me
leaue
to
do
that
thing
for
you
,
without
conscience
of
breaking
off
your
oath
,
which
you
haue
sworne
so
oftentimes
to
do
for
your
Captaine
.
When
he
saw
he
could
not
obtaine
his
request
,
he
left
intreatance
and
fel
to
anger
.
Now
the
Goddes
said
he
,
the
iust
reuenger
of
periury
,
looke
vpon
you
,
you
false
forsworne
kaitiues
,
and
giue
such
ends
vnto
you
,
as
you
haue
giuen
vnto
your
Captaines
.
For
it
is
not
long
ago
,
since
you
polluted
your selues
with
the
blood
of
Perdicas
,
practising
to
haue
done
the
like
with
Antipater
,
yea
and
that
is
worst
of
all
,
you
oftentimes
troubled
euen
Alexander
himselfe
with
your
seditions
and
mutinies
;
doing
your
best
to
haue
slain
him
,
if
it
had
bene
possible
for
him
to
haue
died
of
mans
hande
.
And
last
of
all
you
seeke
my
blood
,
which
shall
be
offred
as
a
sacrifice
by
you
false
forsworne
wretches
,
wherefore
I
pray
the
Goddes
,
that
these
curses
may
light
vpon
you
,
that
being
beggers
and
Outlawes
,
you
may
spend
all
your
life
in
this
warfare
,
like
banished
people
,
neuer
to
returne
to
your
country
again
,
and
your
owne
weapons
deuour
you
,
with
the
which
you
haue
consumed
mo
captaines
of
your
owne
,
then
of
your
enemies
.
This
spoken
,
in
a
great
rage
and
anger
he
commaunded
his
kepers
to
go
before
him
to
Antigonus
campe
.
The
army
followed
after
to
betray
their
owne
captaine
,
and
he
being
prisoner
,
led
as
it
were
a
tryumphe
of
himselfe
They
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
&
Capta●n
vnto
〈◊〉
.
vnto
the
campe
of
his
conquerour
,
deliuering
vp
into
the
conquerours
hands
,
both
themselues
,
and
all
the
ensignes
of
king
Alexander
,
togither
with
the
honor
and
renowne
of
so
many
conquests
.
And
because
they
should
want
no
pompe
,
the
Elephants
also
,
and
all
the
powers
of
the
East
followed
after
.
So
much
more
glorious
were
these
things
to
Antigonus
,
then
vnto
Alexander
all
the
Conquests
he
atchiued
.
In
that
whereas
Alexander
conquered
the
East
,
Antigonus
ouercame
them
by
whom
the
East
was
conquered
.
Antigonus
therefore
dispersed
those
Conquerors
of
the
worlde
into
his
hoast
,
making
restitution
vnto
them
of
such
thinges
as
hee
had
taken
from
them
at
the
time
of
this
onerthrowe
.
And
because
he
had
in
times
past
familiar
acquaintance
and
friendship
with
Eumenes
he
woulde
not
for
shame
suffer
him
to
come
in
his
sight
,
but
assigned
him
two
keepers
.
In
the
meane
Euridice
abuseth
the
auto●●t●e
of
her
husband
Ari
d●us
the
K.
season
,
Euridice
the
wife
of
King
arideus
vnderstanding
that
Poliperchon
was
returning
out
of
Greece
,
into
Macedon
,
and
had
sent
for
Olimpias
,
being
thervpon
striken
with
womanly
mallice
,
and
a
busing
tho
weakenesse
of
her
husband
,
whose
Office
and
authority
she
tooke
vpon
her
,
wrote
to
Polyperchon
in
the
Kings
name
,
that
he
should
deliuer
vp
the
hoast
to
Cassander
,
as
into
whose
hand
the
King
had
put
the
whole
order
and
gouernment
of
the
Empire
.
The
like
commaundement
she
sent
also
to
antigonus
in
Asia
.
By
which
benefit
Cassander
being
bound
vnto
her
,
did
euery
thing
after
her
rash
and
vnaduised
commaundement
.
Then
went
he
into
Greece
,
and
made
Warre
against
many
Citties
,
at
the
destruction
of
which
as
of
a
fire
neare
at
hand
,
the
Spartanes
being
afraide
,
both
contrary
to
the
answeres
of
the
Oracles
,
and
contrary
to
the
auncient
renowne
of
their
auncestors
,
distrusting
their
own
valor
,
enclosed
their
citty
with
a
strong
wall
,
the
which
euer
before
that
time
,
they
had
bin
wont
to
defend
by
force
of
armes
,
and
not
by
strength
of
wals
.
So
much
were
they
degenerated
from
their
auncestors
,
that
whereas
many
hundred
yeares
before
the
prowesse
of
the
Cittizens
was
the
wall
of
the
citty
,
now
they
thoght
they
might
not
liue
in
safety
,
vnlesse
they
might
holde
their
heads
within
Walles
.
While
these
things
were
doing
,
the
estate
of
Macedon
was
so
troubl●d
,
that
Cassander
was
faine
to
returne
thither
out
of
Greece
,
for
when
Ol●●●ias
,
the
mother
of
Alexander
the
great
,
came
out
of
Epire
into
Macedon
,
accompanied
with
acacida
king
of
the
Molosses
,
and
that
Euridice
and
aridens
the
king
went
about
to
prohibit
her
from
entring
into
the
Realme
,
the
Macedons
,
whether
it
were
for
remembrance
of
her
husbande
King
Phillip
,
or
in
respect
of
the
greatnesse
of
her
sonne
Alexander
,
or
that
they
were
moued
at
that
vnworthy
demeanor
,
gathered
themselues
vnto
Olimpias
;
at
whose
commaundement
Euridi●●
and
the
King
were
both
slaine
,
when
he
had
raigned
six
yeares
〈…〉
after
Alexander
.
But
Olimpias
her
selse
raigned
not
long
,
for
when
she
made
slaughter
of
her
Noblemen
and
peers
,
more
like
a
Tyrant
then
a
Queene
,
she
turned
her
fauor
into
hatred
.
Therefore
when
shee
heard
of
cassanders
comming
,
putting
distrust
in
the
Macedons
,
with
Roxane
her
daughter
in
law
and
Hercules
her
Nephew
,
she
conueyed
her selfe
into
the
Citty
Pictua
.
She
had
in
her
traine
D●idama
the
daughter
of
King
acacida
,
and
her
daughter
in
law
Thessalonice
,
a
Lady
much
set
by
for
her
father
Phillips
sake
,
with
manie
other
Noblemens
wiues
.
When
these
thinges
were
reported
to
cassander
,
immediately
he
came
in
all
hast
to
Pictua
,
and
enuironed
the
towne
with
a
strong
siege
.
Olympias
being
constrained
with
sword
and
●amine
,
and
weary
of
the
long
continuance
of
the
siege
,
yeelded
her selfe
,
their
liues
only
saued
.
〈…〉
.
But
cassander
assembling
the
people
togither
,
asked
their
aduice
what
they
would
haue
done
with
Olimpias
,
and
suborned
the
parents
of
such
as
she
had
put
to
death
,
to
put
on
mourning
apparrell
,
should
come
and
complaine
of
her
great
cruelty
:
by
whom
the
Macedones
were
so
incensed
,
that
without
respect
of
her
former
estate
,
they
gaue
sentence
she
shoulde
be
put
to
death
:
quite
forgetting
that
vnder
her
sonne
and
husband
,
they
had
gotten
great
riches
,
and
the
Dominion
of
the
whole
world
.
But
Olimpias
when
she
sawe
the
armed
men
comming
toward
her
to
kill
her
,
of
her
owne
accord
apparrelled
like
a
Queene
,
and
leaning
vpon
two
ofher
Gentlewomen
,
she
went
to
meet
them
.
At
the
which
sight
they
that
should
haue
killed
her
being
astonied
,
for
the
Mai●sty
which
she
before
time
had
represented
and
remembring
so
many
of
their
Kings
,
who
euen
after
a
sort
apeard
in
hir
person
,
pau
sed
and
stood
still
,
vntill
such
time
as
cassander
sent
others
to
thrust
her
thorough
.
Who
neuer
fled
backe
when
she
saw
the
sword
,
nor
yet
s●riked
out
An
example
of
wonderful
courage
in
a
Woman
.
like
a
woman
,
but
after
the
manner
of
the
most
valiaunt
men
,
aduanced
her
forward
to
the
death
for
the
glory
of
her
ancient
stock
and
progeny
:
so
that
a
man
might
haue
behelde
euen
Alexander
himselfe
in
his
Mothers
dying
.
Futhermore
,
when
she
was
euen
giuing
vp
the
Ghost
,
it
is
reported
that
she
couered
her
se
et
with
her
Garments
,
and
with
the
haire
of
her
heade
,
leaste
they
that
stood
about
her
might
haue
seene
any
vncomely
sight
in
her
body
.
After
this
,
cassander
took
to
wife
Thessalonice
the
daughter
of
King
arideus
,
and
put
Alexanders
sonne
with
his
Mother
in
prison
in
the
tower
of
amphipoles
.
The
ende
of
the
fourteen
Booke
The
XV.
booke
of
Iustine
.
THE
ARGVMENT
.
THe
conquerors
fall
at
variance
about
parting
the
spoile
.
The
abderites
are
driuen
out
of
their
countrey
with
Frogs
and
Mice
.
Cassander
putt●th
the
sonnes
of
Alexander
to
death
.
Ptolomy
is
vanquished
on
the
Sea
by
Demetrius
.
Alexanders
Lieutenants
proclaime
themselues
Kings
.
Lysim●chus
taketh
part
with
cassander
against
antigonus
:
The
valour
and
life
of
Lysimachus
described
.
The
wonderfull
begetting
of
Seleucus
,
with
his
partaking
against
antigonus
,
His
conquests
in
the
East
.
Sandrocorte
deliuereth
the
Indians
from
the
subiection
of
Macedon
,
oppressing
them
tyranously
himselfe
.
Antigonus
is
slaine
,
and
his
son
Demetrius
put
to
flight
.
The
conquerors
againe
fall
at
variance
among
themselus
,
and
cassander
dyeth
.
COnsidering
Perdicas
and
his
brother
Alecta
,
with
Polyperchon
and
the
residue
of
the
aduerse
part
was
slaine
,
it
was
thought
,
that
the
contention
among
the
successors
of
great
Alexander
,
had
nowe
beene
vtterly
extingquished
;
when
contrary
to
opinion
the
conquerors
sudenly
fell
at
difference
betwixte
themselues
:
for
Ptolomy
,
Cassander
,
and
Lysimachus
,
requiring
to
haue
the
booty
and
subdued
prouinces
,
diuided
in
equall
distribution
among
them
▪
antigonus
denied
to
admit
them
any
partnership
in
the
profit
of
that
Warre
,
whereof
he
himselfe
had
abiden
the
brunt
and
hazard
:
and
to
the
intent
he
might
satisfie
the
multitude
,
he
had
both
a
sufficient
and
honest
quarrell
,
to
make
warre
vpon
those
which
lately
had
bin
their
confederates
;
he
caused
a
rumor
to
be
spred
,
that
he
would
(
as
in
Iustice
it
was
requisite
)
reuenge
the
death
of
Olimpias
,
whom
Cassander
treacherously
had
slaine
,
and
deliuer
the
royall
yssue
,
the
sonne
of
his
mayster
king
Alexander
and
his
mother
out
of
Amphypolis
,
whereas
they
were
detained
as
prisoners
.
This
his
purpose
being
signified
to
Ptolomy
and
Cassander
,
they
presently
en
tred
league
with
Lysimachus
and
Seleucus
,
furnishing
themselues
with
al
maner
defence
whatsoeuer
might
withstand
this
warlike
preparation
of
Antigonus
,
both
by
land
and
sea
.
Ptolomy
held
Egypt
,
with
the
greater
parte
of
Africke
,
cypres
and
Phenicia
:
C●ss●n●er
ruled
Macedon
,
and
Antigonus
go●erned
Asia
,
with
part
of
the
East
,
whose
son
Demetrius
was
cleane
vanquished
by
Ptolomy
at
Calama
.
In
which
battell
,
the
renowne
of
Ptolomyes
modesty
exceeded
his
victory
:
for
he
both
dischargd
the
friends
of
Demetrius
,
being
his
prisoners
,
not
only
with
their
own
priuate
substance
,
but
also
honorably
rewarded
them
.
Moreouer
all
the
priuate
possessions
of
Demetrius
,
which
he
had
ransackt
out
of
his
tents
,
he
restored
,
sending
him
word
,
that
he
made
warre
not
for
gaine
,
but
for
honor
;
not
for
treasure
,
whose
glory
must
determine
,
but
for
the
dignity
of
vertue
,
whose
Trophes
are
perpetual
.
And
that
it
grieued
him
,
atigonus
his
father
hauing
ouercome
the
Captaines
and
fauoure●s
of
his
faction
,
should
vsurpe
to
himselfe
,
and
to
his
proper
vse
,
the
reward
of
that
victory
,
which
was
heretage
to
others
.
While
these
differences
had
their
passage
and
euent
,
cassander
returning
from
apollonia
,
chaunced
vpon
the
abderites
,
who
for
the
excessiue
swarmes
of
Frogges
and
Mice
,
ranging
amongst
men
,
inforest
them
to
relinquish
〈…〉
.
their
natiue
habitation
,
and
inquire
out
for
residence
in
some
forren
country
.
Cassander
searing
heereby
,
least
these
straglers
,
destitute
of
succour
,
should
inuade
Macedon
,
receiued
them
to
friendship
,
and
made
such
league
with
them
,
that
he
assigned
them
lands
to
inhabit
and
settle
their
number
,
in
the
vttermost
borders
of
that
kingdome
.
By
this
,
Hercules
the
sonne
of
Alexander
hauing
attaind
to
the
fourteenth
yeare
of
his
age
,
gaue
Cassander
cause
to
grow
suspicious
,
least
the
settled
good
will
which
the
people
bare
to
his
father
(
he
beeing
nowe
come
to
this
ripenes
should
be
remembred
on
the
sonne
)
and
so
by
their
generall
voyce
be
called
to
the
kingdome
of
Macedon
,
as
the
immediate
heire
to
that
title
.
To
preuent
which
,
he
commaunded
both
him
and
his
mother
Barsiue
,
secretly
to
be
executed
,
and
their
bodies
to
be
buried
in
the
ground
,
not
suffering
them
to
haue
the
obsequies
&
funeral
rites
,
according
to
the
custome
The
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
be
sitting
their
estate
;
least
the
murther
which
he
so
priuately
acted
,
should
come
to
light
.
This
cassander
,
not
staieng
his
cruelty
herein
,
accounting
the
trespasses
he
had
thus
past
through
triuiall
,
forced
on
king
Alexander
himselfe
,
on
Olimpias
his
Mother
,
and
Hercules
his
sonne
,
nowe
persisted
and
buchered
another
sonne
of
Alexanders
,
with
his
mother
Roxane
by
like
treason
:
holding
it
impossible
for
his
ambition
,
to
cut
a
path
to
the
peaceable
soueraignty
of
Macedon
,
which
his
thoughts
so
thirsted
for
,
otherwaies
then
by
blood
.
In
the
meane
time
he
was
encountred
againe
by
Demetrius
on
the
Sea
:
but
in
this
sea
fight
hauing
lost
his
ships
and
receiued
an
ouerthrow
,
he
retyred
into
Egipt
.
Demetrius
hauing
now
occasion
offred
,
whereby
to
gratifie
Ptolomy
,
and
to
manifest
his
disposition
,
and
being
indeed
prouoked
therevnto
by
the
princely
example
which
Ptolomy
had
exprest
to
him
and
his
,
in
the
like
aduantage
;
safegarded
home
into
Egipt
,
Leuticke
Ptolomies
son
,
and
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
.
Menclaus
his
brother
ransomelesse
,
with
all
their
priuate
goodes
and
treasure
by
him
surprizd
,
and
in
all
the
time
of
war
betweene
them
,
it
might
appeare
,
they
wer
equally
inflamed
with
desire
of
honor
,
rather
then
with
preposserous
hatred
,
they
sent
presents
one
to
another
,
euen
in
the
hottest
of
their
di●ference
:
So
much
more
worthily
did
the
Princes
in
these
daies
make
warre
,
then
now
they
maintaine
friendship
.
Atigonus
hart
being
exaulted
with
pride
,
at
the
newes
of
this
victory
,
proclamed
himself
K.
and
his
son
Demetrius
also
.
Ptolomy
likewise
,
holding
scorn
to
be
in
lesse
estimation
among
his
subiects
,
then
they
among
theirs
,
was
by
his
men
of
warre
proclaimed
King.
Cassander
,
and
Lysmachus
,
tooke
vppon
〈…〉
them
the
same
title
of
dignity
:
all
which
abstained
from
vsurping
the
honor
of
this
name
,
so
long
as
any
of
the
sonnes
of
their
Maister
Alexander
wer
yet
aliue
.
So
great
did
they
account
it
modesty
in
themselues
,
albeit
euery
one
of
them
,
had
seuerally
the
riches
and
power
of
a
King
,
yet
to
forbeare
the
publike
rule
of
Kinges
,
while
Alexander
had
any
rightfull
Heyres
to
succeede
.
But
now
Ptolomy
,
Cassander
,
and
the
Captaines
of
their
port
,
perceiaing
that
while
euery
one
drew
defence
for
himselfe
,
made
warre
alone
,
and
vnited
not
their
generall
power
togither
,
nor
assisted
one
another
,
as
thoughe
they
had
one
vniuersall
bodie
,
or
reioice
as
it
were
in
one
good
.
But
thus
deuided
,
Antigonus
licked
them
vp
by
turnes
:
they
therefore
sent
letters
of
perswasion
and
encouragment
,
apointing
a
place
of
meeting
,
where
they
so
agreed
,
that
they
laid
their
powers
togither
for
one
Warre
:
and
where
they
were
before
like
sand
,
subiect
to
dissipation
,
by
the
violence
of
euery
winde
,
this
temper
had
made
them
sollude
,
and
sitte
for
anie
foundation
.
At
this
meeting
,
for
as
much
as
Cassander
could
not
be
then
present
in
person
,
compeld
by
the
Warres
which
he
was
then
excercised
in
against
the
borderors
,
he
sent
Lysimachus
with
a
selected
and
choice
hoast
,
to
the
aide
of
this
coaiunction
.
This
Lysimachus
was
born
of
a
Noble
house
in
Macedon
,
but
his
prowesse
,
Knigthood
,
and
experience
in
Martiall
direction
surpassed
,
and
made
him
The
by●th
o●
Lysimachus
.
more
worthie
to
be
remembred
then
the
dignitie
of
his
birthe
.
Vertue
and
her
branches
were
so
planted
in
his
bodie
,
and
mind
,
that
in
haughtines
of
courage
,
knowledge
of
Philosophie
,
strength
and
abilitiy
of
bodie
,
he
farre
excelled
all
the
Gouernors
by
whom
the
East
was
Conquered
.
For
Alexander
the
great
,
being
stird
to
indignation
and
highly
displeased
with
Calisthenes
the
Philosopher
,
for
speaking
against
him
,
in
that
he
suffred
himselfe
to
be
adored
and
worshipped
after
the
superstitious
manner
of
the
Persians
,
and
had
accused
the
saide
Calisthenes
of
treason
,
and
by
force
thereof
,
adiudged
him
to
be
cruelly
mangled
,
by
cutting
off
his
eares
,
his
nose
,
and
his
lips
:
that
being
made
so
loathed
a
creature
to
behold
,
he
was
by
all
men
lamented
,
as
too
miserable
a
spectacle
:
yet
Alexander
not
contented
with
this
reuenge
,
caused
him
to
be
caried
in
what
progresse
he
went
along
with
him
,
shut
vp
with
a
Dog
in
a
cage
,
to
the
terrible
ensample
of
other
.
This
Lysmachus
,
who
before
in
the
better
fortunes
of
Callysthenes
,
had
bin
excercised
to
receiue
instructions
of
vertue
at
his
hand
,
mooued
now
with
pitty
to
see
so
woorthy
a
man
,
so
vnworthely
punished
,
not
for
any
offence
,
but
for
vsing
his
libertye
:
gaue
him
poison
,
to
ransome
him
from
these
calamities
,
wherewith
Alexander
displeased
,
commaunded
he
should
be
cast
Lysander
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
.
into
a
Lyons
den
,
by
tha●
fierce
beast
to
be
destroyed
,
as
a
iust
iudgement
for
his
attempt
.
But
when
the
Lyon
at
first
sight
,
with
open
month
came
running
to
prey
vpon
him
,
Lysimachus
winding
his
arme
in
a
towell
,
thrust
THE
XVI
.
BOOKE
OF
Iustine
.
THE
ARGVMENT
.
THe
cruell
murther
of
Antipater
the
sonne
of
Cassander
,
for
the
which
his
brother
Alexander
proclaimeth
warre
against
him
.
Demetrius
slayeth
Alexander
,
and
vsurpeth
his
part
of
Macedon
.
Lysimachus
yeeldeth
vnto
him
that
right
which
belonged
to
Antipater
.
Ptolomy
,
Lysimachus
,
Seleucus
and
Pyrrhus
,
ioyne
themselues
in
league
against
Demetrius
.
Pyrrhus
driueth
Demetrius
out
of
Macedon
.
Lysimachus
putteth
his
sonne
in
law
Antipater
to
death
,
in
whom
the
house
of
Cassander
vtterly
ceaseth
.
Demetrius
yeeldeth
himselfe
prisoner
to
Seleucus
.
Ptolomy
dieth
.
Debate
falleth
betweene
Lysimachus
and
Pyrrhus
.
Hee
expelleth
Pyrrhus
out
of
Macedon
.
The
building
of
the
citty
Heraclea
in
Pontus
.
The
iests
of
the
Heracleans
,
their
cariage
towardes
their
enemies
.
Their
miscrable
oppression
by
tyranny
.
The
bold
enterprise
by
Chion
and
Leonides
,
in
which
attempt
they
lost
theyr
liues
.
AFter
the
death
of
Cassander
and
his
sonne
Phillip
,
one
immediatly
ensuing
the
other
,
the
life
of
Thessalonyce
the
Queene
and
wife
of
Cassander
was
pursued
by
her
sonne
Antipater
,
and
though
she
complaind
for
pitty
to
him
with
bended
knees
,
and
laying
open
to
him
her
breasts
,
from
whence
he
had
his
vnhappy
nutryment
,
she
was
by
his
own
hands
most
cruelly
slaine
.
The
cause
from
whence
he
grounded
this
murther
was
this
;
After
the
death
of
her
husband
,
when
the
kingdome
should
haue
beene
deuided
betweene
the
two
brothers
,
she
seemed
to
be
more
fauorable
to
Alexander
,
then
to
him
.
Alexander
mooued
by
this
so
slight
occasion
,
prepared
for
reuengfull
warre
against
his
brother
,
for
his
mothers
death
,
and
for
expedition
thereof
he
desired
of
Demetryus
,
whom
he
found
easily
entreated
to
that
purpose
:
though
indeede
not
so
much
for
his
assistance
,
as
hope
he
had
thereby
to
leauell
out
sit
opportunity
himselfe
to
inuade
the
kingdome
.
Of
the
comming
of
Strife
betweene
Cassanders
child●●n
.
this
army
Lysimachus
being
affraid
,
perswaded
with
his
sonne
in
law
Antipater
,
that
it
was
rather
conuenient
,
and
indeede
more
pollicy
,
for
the
securety
of
his
estate
,
to
make
an
agreement
,
(
though
with
losse
)
with
his
brother
,
then
to
suffer
his
fathers
enemy
to
haue
footing
in
Macedon
.
Demetrius
hauing
notice
a
reconcilement
was
entreated
of
betweene
the
two
brethren
,
and
without
his
aduice
not
onely
plotted
but
treacherously
accomplished
the
death
of
Alexander
,
and
so
his
forces
being
in
present
readinesse
he
pursued
his
purpose
and
inuaded
it
.
But
a
generall
murmur
touching
The
sonn●
punis●●●
〈◊〉
:
the
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
.
Alexanders
death
being
in
his
army
,
he
sought
with
himselfe
how
he
might
best
excuse
this
murther
to
his
men
of
warre
,
least
their
present
murmur
should
change
to
mutiny
.
So
hauing
called
them
together
,
he
aledged
,
that
Alexander
had
by
seuerall
plottes
,
and
at
seuerall
times
,
la●de
waight
to
entrap
his
life
.
Before
that
,
he
had
not
comitted
a
murther
,
but
only
preuented
Treasons
against
himselfe
,
vrging
their
owne
Iudgments
for
witnesse
,
that
there
was
greater
reason
and
it
was
more
fit
,
himselfe
to
be
a
king
then
Alexander
,
both
for
the
aduantage
of
yeares
,
by
which
he
was
able
with
deeper
and
grauer
experience
,
as
also
indued
with
fortitude
,
both
of
body
and
minde
,
the
fruite
of
which
,
reapt
but
with
due
consideration
,
would
well
satisfie
them
that
they
are
the
very
collums
and
cement
that
vpholds
a
common-wealth
.
Besides
,
he
vrged
his
father
had
accompanied
the
father
and
the
sonne
Phillip
and
great
Alexander
,
in
all
their
warres
,
and
after
had
done
seuice
for
Alexanders
children
,
bin
their
Captaine
or
rather
general
,
in
pursuing
the
Rebels
,
whereas
on
the
contrary
part
,
Antipater
the
grandfather
of
the
young
men
,
was
alwaies
a
more
rough
gouernor
of
the
kingdome
,
then
the
Kings
themselues
,
and
Cassander
their
father
the
very
rooter
vp
of
the
Kings
house
,
and
extirper
of
Alexanders
royall
famely
.
That
he
spared
neither
women
nor
children
,
neuer
satisfied
,
till
he
had
destroyed
all
his
ofspring
,
and
left
namelesse
his
posteryty
.
The
reuenge
of
which
mischiefe
,
though
his
will
had
not
power
to
execute
one
Cassander
himselfe
,
it
is
now
but
iustly
transfered
vnto
his
children
,
whereof
both
Phillip
and
Alexander
,
if
the
dead
had
any
perseuerance
,
would
speake
in
approbation
of
the
vengance
,
and
auer
that
it
is
their
will
,
no
branches
descended
from
such
infected
rootes
,
no
yssue
from
their
seditious
loynes
,
but
rather
the
loppers
off
of
such
vnprofitable
stumps
,
and
punishers
of
such
intestine
traytors
,
should
establish
the
kingdome
of
Macedon
.
Dem●trius
pro●laimed
king
of
Madon
.
The
multitude
thus
pacified
,
they
presently
proclaimed
him
king
.
Lysimachus
being
at
this
instant
intangled
in
the
wars
of
Dromychet
king
of
Thr●ce
,
to
the
intent
he
would
not
be
constrained
the
selfe-same
time
to
hold
battell
with
Demetryus
,
yeilded
to
him
that
part
of
Macedon
,
belonging
to
his
son
in
lawe
Antipater
:
by
which
surrender
,
he
made
peace
with
him
.
This
Demetrius
furnished
with
all
the
power
of
Macedon
,
purposed
to
trye
his
fortunes
in
Asya
.
When
Ptolomy
,
Seleuchus
,
and
Lysimachus
,
hauing
profe
by
the
former
conflict
,
what
advantage
was
gained
by
concord
,
they
entred
league
,
and
ioyned
their
whole
power
making
hast
into
Europe
against
Demetrius
.
This
was
he
that
made
w●●
vpon
the
Romans
Pyrrhus
king
of
Epire
,
perswading
himselfe
that
Demetrius
might
as
easilie
forgo
the
possession
of
Macedon
,
as
he
had
before
gotten
it
,
ioyned
with
them
in
this
warre
,
neyther
was
he
deceiued
,
for
hauing
meanes
to
corrupt
tharmy
of
Demetrius
with
great
rewardes
:
vpon
which
encounter
,
his
followers
fled
,
and
Pyrrhus
seized
vpon
the
kingdom
of
Macedon
into
his
owne
hand
.
Now
Antipater
,
sonne
in
lawe
vnto
Lysimachus
,
grudging
and
complaining
that
he
was
depriued
of
the
kingdome
of
Macedon
which
was
only
his
right●●●
inheritance
by
the
falshood
of
his
father
in
law
,
Lysimachus
tooke
occasion
thereat
and
put
him
to
death
.
And
because
Euridice
his
daughter
took
her
husbands
part
in
making
like
exclamation
,
her
he
imprisoned
;
so
all
the
house
and
family
of
Cassander
,
partly
by
murther
,
the
rest
by
execution
,
suffered
due
punis●ment
in
reuenge
of
the
wrong
done
to
great
Alexander
and
his
posterity
.
Demetrius
now
hauing
the
ouerthrow
in
this
battel
,
being
ouercharged
with
so
.
any
hoasts
whereby
he
might
haue
made
the
period
of
his
dayes
Demetrius
yeeld●th
honorable
,
chose
rather
to
yeeld
himselfe
to
Seleuchus
shamefully
.
These
Warres
thus
ended
,
Ptolomy
hauing
deserued
great
renowne
for
the
Noblenes
of
his
acts
died
peacefully
,
who
contrary
to
the
common
law
of
all
Nations
,
somewhat
before
he
fel
sicke
,
resigned
the
kingdome
to
the
youngest
of
his
sonnes
,
rendring
such
reason
therefore
,
that
he
satisfied
the
people
,
who
fauored
the
sonne
no
lesse
in
receiuing
his
kingdome
,
then
the
father
in
deliuering
it
.
Among
many
examples
of
naturall
loue
and
affection
interchanged
betweene
this
father
and
the
son
,
this
one
made
the
harts
of
the
comminalty
reioyce
most
in
the
prosperity
of
their
Prince
,
that
the
father
after
he
had
thus
publikely
surrendred
the
kingdome
to
his
sonne
,
he
The
father
〈◊〉
sonne
.
executed
the
office
of
his
Guard
and
serued
the
King
in
seruill
Offices
,
as
another
priuate
person
:
and
being
demaunded
how
from
the
chaire
of
commaund
he
could
be
pleased
with
this
subiection
would
reply
,
It
is
more
honorable
for
a
man
to
be
a
father
to
a
king
,
then
to
be
a
king
himself
.
But
discord
the
continuall
mischiefe
among
peeres
,
not
resting
like
the
worme
that
cates
the
breeders
life
,
stirred
vp
strife
between
Lysimachus
and
Pirrus
.
Both
but
lately
one
in
the
ouerthrow
and
ruine
of
Demetrius
,
are
now
two
for
the
confusion
of
themselues
:
but
Lysimachus
hauing
the
better
of
Pirrhus
,
he
inforst
him
to
leaue
Macedon
,
which
as
we
say
he
was
scarce
warm
in
,
&
by
his
repulce
broght
it
vnder
his
own
command
:
After
this
he
made
a
very
great
Warre
against
Thrace
,
then
against
the
Citty
Hiraclia
,
the
originall
and
end
of
which
Citty
are
in
both
wonderfull
,
for
it
hapning
that
the
Boetians
afflicted
with
a
grieuous
plague
ranging
among
them
,
they
agreed
to
seeke
redresse
at
the
Oracle
of
Delphos
,
where
answere
was
giuen
them
by
the
Priest
,
that
to
purchase
their
relief
,
they
shuld
build
a
citty
in
the
country
of
Pontus
Th●●uilding
o●
H●r●●lya
.
and
dedicate
it
vnto
Hercules
.
But
they
fearing
the
long
and
perillous
voyage
they
were
inioynd
to
vndertake
,
desired
death
in
their
own
natiue
soile
,
rather
then
to
enterprize
so
tedious
and
vncertain
a
iourny
.
This
in●unction
of
the
oracle
omitted
the
Phocenses
made
fierce
warre
against
them
,
by
whom
being
diuers
times
put
to
the
worst
,
they
fled
againe
to
the
Oracle
,
soliciting
his
counsel
:
from
whom
answer
was
made
,
that
the
same
instruction
they
had
giuen
them
for
remedy
of
the
pestilence
,
should
if
they
would
yet
performe
it
remooue
the
warre
.
Whereupon
gathering
a
number
of
men
,
they
sailed
into
Metapont
,
and
according
to
the
decree
built
the
Citty
Hiraclia
,
where
in
short
time
by
obeying
this
ordinance
,
they
were
multiplied
and
grew
very
wealthy
.
This
Citty
withstood
the
assaults
and
battels
of
their
neigbors
,
and
was
quiet
through
ciuill
dissention
of
mischiefe
with
themselues
:
among
manie
their
honorable
actions
,
this
one
thing
especiall
,
is
woorthy
to
be
recorded
.
A●
such
time
as
the
Athenians
bare
the
Soueraignty
,
and
had
vanquished
the
Persians
,
they
raised
a
taxe
to
be
leauied
in
Greece
,
and
Asia
,
both
for
the
maintenance
A
tax
leuied
for
the
maintenance
of
tiapping
.
of
their
fleete
,
and
prouision
thereof
:
and
whereas
all
other
Cittyes
and
prouinces
vnder
their
subiection
,
fearing
a
further
oppression
were
willingly
tributaries
,
euen
to
what
they
asked
,
only
the
Heraclyens
for
the
amity
they
held
,
and
fauour
they
receiued
from
the
kings
of
Persia
,
refused
to
contrybute
any
thing
.
Machaeus
therefore
was
sent
with
a
power
from
Athens
,
to
constraine
them
delyuer
that
by
force
,
they
so
obstinatly
hadde
denied
.
But
while
he
forraged
about
to
wast
their
fieldes
,
and
make
pillage
of
what
he
could
,
his
fleete
that
he
left
in
the
Rhode
was
sunk
,
and
the
greater
part
of
his
army
by
the
force
and
extreame
violence
of
a
sodaine
tempest
,
were
all
put
to
wrack
.
Therefore
not
being
able
to
returne
by
Sea
,
his
shippyng
being
lost
,
nor
durst
not
aduenture
his
trauell
by
land
,
with
so
slender
a
defence
,
thorough
so
many
sauage
Countryes
as
he
had
from
thence
to
passe
:
the
Heraclyens
reputing
it
more
honor
to
vse
this
occasion
,
in
shewing
to
those
their
distressed
enemies
bountifull
curtisie
,
then
bloodye
reuengement
,
both
furnished
them
with
victuals
,
and
safely
conducted
them
home
;
accounting
the
wasting
of
their
contry
and
danger
they
had
sustained
by
them
satisfied
to
the
full
,
if
they
might
hereby
win
their
enemies
to
be
their
friends
.
Among
many
euils
this
citty
indured
,
they
sufferd
tyrany
euen
amongst
themselues
:
for
the
rich
,
surfetting
in
pleasure
,
scornefully
neglected
the
destresse
of
the
miserable
.
The
poore
enuious
of
their
prosperity
,
were
busied
how
they
might
take
reuenege
of
this
their
contempt
:
both
glutted
with
The
miserable
estate
of
●●Heracleas
.
a
continuall
plenty
and
a
prosperous
peace
,
were
greedy
of
innouation
:
whereupon
the
common
sorte
gathering
together
,
importunately
exacted
to
haue
al
debts
cleerely
released
,
and
the
possessions
of
the
rich
either
equally
deuided
amongst
them
,
or
else
all
to
be
in
common
.
This
request
of
theirs
being
rebuked
of
some
,
was
fauored
of
many
,
&
som
of
the
greatest
magistrats
of
commaund
in
the
citty
,
such
whom
either
with
a
smothered
hypocriticall
emulation
,
repined
at
their
equals
happynesse
,
or
else
feathered
with
the
winges
of
emulation
,
by
the
ouerthrow
of
others
to
aspire
to
higher
rule
.
This
businesse
hanging
long
in
question
in
the
Senate
house
without
comming
to
any
islue
,
so
that
the
multitude
contemning
this
delaye
,
were
induced
to
effect
it
by
compulsion
.
At
first
they
desired
the
aide
of
Tymotheus
Duke
of
Athens
,
and
after
of
Epaminondas
Duke
of
Thebes
;
but
neither
fauoring
the
cause
,
their
answer
was
an
absolute
deniall
from
both
.
The
matter
thus
farre
a
foote
,
that
danger
was
feared
on
the
one
part
,
and
threatened
on
the
other
,
they
determined
to
fly
for
refuge
to
clearche
who
was
lately
banished
his
countrey
,
and
were
constrained
to
repeale
in
defence
of
the
same
.
Thus
aduerse
fareth
it
oftentimes
euen
in
the
most
flourishing
kingdomes
.
But
Clearche
more
●●pened
in
the
subtill
and
close
conueying
his
treasons
,
Clearche
a
v●●y
cunning
politician
.
since
his
banisnment
then
before
,
and
hauing
learned
to
dissemble
the
conspiracies
of
his
heart
,
with
the
language
of
his
tongue
,
and
knowing
the
recon
cilement
betwxt
two
enemies
is
not
made
with
faith
but
feare
,
he
made
outwardly
couenants
of
loue
,
and
his
best
assistance
to
these
cittizens
,
whom
inwardly
to
be
the
ruyne
of
,
his
actions
altogither
addressed
themelues
:
●or
by
their
ciuill
dissention
he
pereciued
,
and
by
their
ouerthrow
that
in
minde
hee
purposed
,
he
saw
occasion
offred
and
a
path
directed
to
make
himselfe
a
K.
for
which
aduancement
,
he
tooke
counsell
priuately
with
Mythridates
,
the
chiefe
and
professed
enemie
to
these
Cittizens
,
who
being
made
fast
the
one
to
the
other
,
and
the
conditions
agreed
vpon
,
compounded
that
at
his
Clearche
a
〈◊〉
:
and
dangerous
〈◊〉
repeale
and
calling
home
into
his
Country
,
which
he
shortly
expected
,
that
Citty
and
the
prosperity
thereof
,
should
be
at
his
reuersion
,
onely
hee
for
such
industry
in
his
behalfe
,
should
be
Soueraigne
,
and
possesse
the
eminent
authority
,
with
all
thinges
faithfully
promised
him
.
This
treason
thus
intended
against
his
Country
,
he
made
vse
vpon
Mithridates
himselfe
:
for
being
redressed
out
of
exile
,
and
instituted
as
an
indifferent
iudge
for
the
determination
of
ciuill
controuersies
,
at
the
same
time
,
that
he
by
promise
had
appointed
Mithridates
,
to
deliuer
ouer
the
towne
vnto
him
,
he
relying
on
his
trust
,
was
in
hope
to
haue
taken
the
towne
,
his
friends
,
and
himselfe
prisoner
,
and
not
without
a
great
ransome
which
he
was
faine
to
prouide
and
pay
to
this
trecherous
surprizer
,
wer
any
of
them
releast
,
and
as
thus
Clearch
dealt
with
Mithridates
,
making
a
perfect
friend
,
a
sodain
enemy
:
euen
so
of
a
defender
of
the
estate
which
he
vndertook
,
he
presently
became
a
protector
of
the
commons
,
euen
against
the
chiefe
procurers
of
his
preferment
,
by
whome
he
had
bene
inlarged
,
to
the
liberty
of
his
Countrey
,
to
those
who
had
placed
and
aduanced
him
to
this
tower
of
his
royalty
,
he
not
onely
incensed
the
commons
,
but
also
himselfe
excercised
on
them
the
vttermost
of
his
vnspeakable
cruelties
.
For
hauing
summoned
the
people
together
,
he
insinuated
and
told
them
,
that
he
would
now
no
longer
be
greeuous
vnto
them
,
by
being
an
Agent
,
Clearche
insinuateth
&
plos●th
with
the
people
.
or
rather
a
subuerter
of
such
a
Senat
,
whom
now
himself
had
testemony
of
,
was
to
burthen
some
and
rigorous
in
their
authority
:
but
would
rather
giue
the
help
of
his
blood
,
to
suppresse
their
pride
,
if
they
continue
in
their
accustomed
tiranny
:
wherefore
if
they
thought
their
strength
of
themselues
sufficient
,
to
represse
their
oppression
,
he
would
withdraw
with
his
men
of
Warre
,
and
not
ingage
himselfe
,
in
their
ciuill
discords
;
but
if
they
distrusted
their
owne
ability
,
he
with
his
forces
would
both
vndertake
their
refuge
,
and
reuenge
their
greeuances
:
aduising
them
to
make
answere
,
whether
he
should
depart
as
a
N●wter
in
their
cause
,
or
stay
with
his
power
as
a
partaker
in
their
quarrell
,
but
they
taking
little
aduice
,
other
then
building
vpon
his
constancy
and
clemency
,
presently
cald
him
Soueraigne
:
so
while
they
sought
for
redresse
,
they
found
onely
griefe
,
but
in
their
harebraind
opinion
,
they
subiected
their selues
,
with
their
Wiues
and
children
,
in
bondage
to
a
Lordly
tyrant
.
Clearch
at
this
first
step
to
his
aduauncement
,
apprehended
threescore
of
the
Senators
,
(
the
rest
being
fled
)
and
imprisoned
them
,
where
the
multitude
reioyced
,
to
see
the
Senat
ouerthrowone
,
and
by
him
whome
they
had
chosen
to
be
their
soueraign
:
But
Clearch
as
couetous
as
ambitious
,
knowing
His
cru●lty
.
by
the
auncient
peace
&
prosperity
they
sustaind
,
these
senators
(
wheresoeuer
bestowed
)
had
great
treasure
,
bargaind
with
them
that
for
a
summe
of
mony
which
they
agreed
vpon
,
he
could
now
deliuer
them
from
the
peoples
displeasure
,
and
re-establish
them
in
their
former
peace
,
and
seat
of
Magistracy
:
knowing
that
whatsoeuer
he
commaunded
he
had
power
to
effect
,
condisended
to
his
composition
and
made
their
tender
of
his
demaund
:
but
being
by
this
treachery
,
possest
of
all
their
goods
,
withhelde
not
his
cruelty
,
but
bereft
them
of
their
liues
:
after
this
,
vnderstanding
that
those
which
before
were
fled
,
had
by
their
prouoked
complaints
moued
the
neighbor
cittyes
to
pitty
,
promising
them
help
:
and
in
that
promise
,
new
prepared
warre
against
him
:
he
held
it
pollicy
to
set
all
their
bondmen
at
liberty
,
and
that
all
misery
might
be
pointed
to
pricke
the
hearts
of
these
honourable
houses
,
and
the
f●mer
to
vnite
the
faithfulnesse
of
these
slaues
to
himselfe
and
his
disseignes
,
&
to
incourage
them
more
against
their
masters
,
he
made
proclamation
,
that
the
wiues
and
daughters
of
those
noble
men
,
should
ioyne
themselues
in
mariage
with
those
who
had
bin
their
husbands
and
fathers
bondmen
,
vpon
paine
of
death
to
be
inflicted
vpon
the
refuser
.
But
these
compelled
mariages
,
or
rather
Death
to
〈◊〉
preferred
be
fore
dishonesty
.
rauishments
,
were
more
grieuous
to
the
honourable
Ladyes
,
and
the
modest
condition
of
their
thoughts
,
then
death
it selfe
:
so
that
before
the
ceremony
of
these
sorrowfull
weddings
,
and
some
at
the
very
instant
of
their
nuptial
,
killing
first
their
new
husbands
,
then
themselues
,
delyuered
their
chastety
by
this
natutall
vertue
,
from
so
barberous
a
dishonour
.
The
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
.
After
this
,
their
was
a
field
fought
betweene
the
fugetiue
senators
and
himselfe
:
in
which
,
the
Tyrant
hauing
the
vpper
hand
,
he
drew
so
many
of
them
as
he
had
taken
prisoners
,
in
tryumph
through
the
face
of
the
citty
:
which
daies
glory
being
ended
,
some
he
cast
in
fetters
,
some
he
Racked
,
others
put
to
death
,
leauing
not
any
Noble
famely
without
cause
of
lamentation
,
nor
any
place
of
the
citty
free
from
the
violence
of
his
Tyrany
.
With
this
successe
of
his
outragiousnesse
he
became
proude
,
and
no
resistance
vndertaken
against
his
will
he
grew
arrogant
:
So
that
hauing
continuall
prosperity
,
in
what
barberysme
soeuer
he
vndertooke
,
he
held
it
a
deprauation
of
his
dignity
,
to
be
called
a
man
,
and
therefore
intituled
himselfe
,
The
Sonne
of
Iupiter
;
When
he
rode
abroad
,
he
caused
alwayes
to
be
borne
before
him
,
an
Eagle
of
gold
as
a
token
of
his
begetting
.
He
vsed
to
weare
Robes
of
purple
,
and
to
goe
in
buskens
after
the
manner
of
Kinges
,
with
a
crowne
of
Gold
on
his
hed
:
and
to
the
entent
he
would
be
equal
with
the
gods
,
as
well
in
name
as
in
other
presumptions
,
he
named
his
sonne
Ceraunos
,
signefieing
Thunder
.
Two
noble
gentlemen
called
Chion
and
Leonides
,
disdaining
his
miserable
The
valour
of
Chion
&
Leonides
.
and
wretched
ambition
,
conspired
with
themselues
to
kill
him
,
intending
by
his
tragedy
to
set
their
countrey
at
lyberty
,
or
failing
in
their
purpose
were
resolued
they
could
not
end
their
liues
better
then
in
so
honorable
and
merytorious
an
action
.
These
somtime
were
schollers
to
the
Philosopher
Plato
,
who
desiring
to
bestow
vpon
their
birth
place
,
the
vertue
to
which
they
were
furthered
by
the
most
perfect
instructions
of
their
maister
,
layde
in
an
ambushe
fifty
of
their
kinsmen
,
whom
they
had
won
and
perswaded
to
vndertake
this
enterprise
,
tending
to
so
generall
good
:
So
went
themselues
,
pretending
enmety
and
defiance
one
against
another
toward
the
Castle
,
where
the
Tyrant
gaue
attentiue
eare
to
the
first
mans
speech
:
the
other
making
an
offer
as
if
he
would
intertupt
him
by
replye
,
stept
within
him
and
killedhim
.
But
by
season
their
ambush
was
not
ready
inough
in
comming
to
their
rescue
,
the
Guard
pressing
in
,
to
apprehend
them
,
they
were
slaine
.
By
force
whereof
,
it
succeded
that
though
they
preuailed
in
their
stratigem
,
yet
they
died
and
their
Countrey
not
deliuered
,
for
Satire
the
brother
of
Clearch
following
the
principall
steps
of
his
brother
,
aspired
to
the
like
tiranny
,
so
that
the
Hiraclians
many
yeares
after
by
degree
of
discent
,
were
vnder
the
subuersion
of
Tyrants
.
THE
XVII
.
BOOKE
OF
Iustine
.
THE
ARGVMENT
.
THe
horrible
Earthquakes
in
Hellespont
and
Chersonesus
,
the
cruelty
of
Lysimachus
to
his
owne
children
by
the
instigation
of
their
stepmother
Arsirice
.
The
last
warre
betweene
the
successors
of
Alexander
.
Wherin
Lysimachus
is
slaine
by
Seleuchus
.
Hee
also
within
a
while
after
is
slaine
by
Ptolomy
the
Kinges
brother
of
Egypt
.
Pirrhus
aydeth
the
Tarentines
against
the
Romaines
.
A
discourse
of
the
Realine
of
Epyre
,
with
a
declaration
of
the
actes
of
the
Kings
thereof
.
IN
these
daies
their
hapned
a
marueilous
and
terrible
Earthquake
in
the
countries
of
Hellespont
&
Chersonesus
,
so
that
the
citty
Lysimachia
,
beeing
built
by
Lysimachus
,
about
two
and
twenty
yeares
A
wonderful
〈◊〉
.
past
was
subuerted
;
the
which
wonder
betokened
some
fatall
misfortune
,
to
ensue
vppon
Lysimachus
and
his
offspring
:
nay
should
stretch
so
far
,
euen
to
the
ouerthrowe
and
decay
of
his
kingdom
,
and
the
destruction
of
their
countries
that
were
peopled
by
him
:
Euen
so
it
came
to
passe
:
for
shortly
after
,
Lisimachus
conceiuing
deadly
hatred
beyond
the
course
of
a
naturall
father
,
or
the
bounds
of
humanitie
against
his
sonne
Agathocles
,
whom
he
had
caused
to
be
proclaimed
heire
apparant
of
his
kingdome
,
and
by
whom
he
had
atchiued
many
famons
battels
prosperouslie
:
him
he
now
poisoned
by
the
instigation
and
working
of
his
cruell
stepmother
Arsirice
:
This
was
the
first
sore
broke
out
to
giue
warning
of
the
mischiefe
that
was
toward
him
.
this
was
the
beginning
of
the
ruine
hung
ouer
his
head
,
and
a
glasse
wherein
was
euident
his
emmenent
misery
,
for
hauing
thus
murthered
his
sonne
,
he
persisted
in
the
slaughter
of
his
Nobility
,
hauing
no
other
ground
for
his
abortiue
actions
but
that
they
did
consecrate
the
too
sodaine
fall
of
so
noble
a
Prince
,
and
bewaile
his
death
:
by
meanes
whereof
,
such
as
were
chiefe
officers
in
his
campe
,
reuolted
by
troopes
vnto
Seleuchus
,
who
being
of
himselfe
desierous
of
such
alteration
,
thorough
the
enuy
he
had
to
the
glory
of
Lysimacus
,
made
their
acceptance
the
more
willing
:
to
whom
they
being
honourably
receiued
,
and
entertainement
of
command
giuen
them
euery
one
according
to
his
degree
,
they
moued
and
preuailed
with
Seleuchus
,
to
make
warre
against
Lisimachus
.
The
last
co●tention
betweene
Alexanders
successors
This
was
the
last
contention
betweene
them
that
had
serued
Alexander
in
his
wars
,
and
as
it
were
a
dissention
reserued
by
the
godds
to
be
a
perpetuall
example
.
Lysimachus
was
at
this
controuersie
threescore
and
foureteen
yeares
of
age
,
and
Seleuchus
threescore
and
xvii
.
but
time
had
giuen
them
the
number
of
so
many
yeares
,
yet
had
they
the
ambytion
that
is
norisht
in
young
mens
hearts
,
and
an
insatiable
desire
of
dominion
:
for
whereas
these
two
alone
,
now
held
and
commaunded
the
whole
world
betweene
them
,
yet
ambition
hauing
no
confine
,
they
thought
themselues
as
it
were
inclosed
in
a
straight
,
measuring
the
terme
of
their
liues
,
not
by
the
length
of
their
yeares
,
but
by
the
boundes
of
their
Empire
.
In
a
battel
before
,
and
by
other
chances
,
Lysimachus
lost
fifteene
of
his
children
;
and
now
in
this
dying
manfully
,
he
lastly
himselfe
made
the
full
decay
of
his
owne
house
.
Seleuchus
reioycsing
in
this
so
great
a
victory
,
(
for
he
accounted
it
a
greater
dignity
then
the
present
honour
)
that
he
onely
of
alexanders
The
death
of
Lysimachus
.
retinew
,
remained
and
became
a
conqueror
of
conquerors
.
While
Seleuchus
was
thus
boasting
of
this
his
glory
,
forgetting
that
either
by
the
course
of
nature
,
or
the
contrarious
accedent
,
he
ere
long
himself
shold
become
an
example
of
frailty
;
about
seauen
months
after
,
by
the
pollicy
of
Ptolomy
,
who
had
taken
the
sister
of
Lysimachus
in
marriage
,
he
was
surprised
and
slaine
:
and
with
his
life
made
resignement
of
the
kingdome
of
Macedon
,
which
he
had
taken
from
Lysimachus
.
Ptolomy
respectiue
to
conserne
that
Of
this
read
more
in
the
24.
Booke
.
which
by
this
stratagem
he
had
purchased
,
was
diligent
to
insinuate
into
the
harts
and
fauor
of
the
comminalty
,
hoping
to
effect
somuch
either
for
the
respect
they
had
bore
to
his
father
Ptolomy
the
greate
,
or
for
reuenging
the
death
of
Lysimachus
;
but
finding
little
hope
in
them
as
yet
,
wheron
to
build
his
confidence
,
he
determined
to
win
the
sonnes
of
Lysimachus
to
him
;
and
to
that
purpose
,
was
a
suter
to
their
mother
Arsiue
,
to
haue
her
to
wife
,
promising
to
adopt
the
children
after
him
:
so
that
himselfe
succeeding
in
his
roome
,
he
was
assured
that
either
for
reuerence
to
their
mother
,
or
for
the
name
of
a
father
,
they
would
not
be
so
hardy
to
attempt
any
action
against
him
.
He
also
earnestly
sued
by
his
letters
,
to
be
possest
in
the
ancient
amitie
of
his
brother
king
of
egypt
,
protesting
that
al
inueterate
malice
and
displeasure
,
which
hee
had
against
him
,
for
vsurping
his
fathers
kingdome
from
him
,
was
now
dissoluted
:
and
that
he
would
not
thence
,
endeuour
to
wrest
from
his
brother
,
the
sway
of
Emperor
,
since
he
had
now
with
more
honor
,
and
more
ease
,
purchased
sufficient
from
the
hand
of
his
fathers
enemy
.
Futhermore
,
he
sought
by
all
pollices
,
to
make
league
and
be
at
friendship
with
Eumenes
,
and
Antigonus
,
the
sonnes
of
Demetrius
:
and
with
Antiochus
the
sonne
of
Seleuchus
,
with
whom
he
feared
to
haue
perpetuall
and
daungerous
warre
.
And
knowing
that
three
such
enemies
inuading
him
at
once
,
wold
proue
to
powerfull
for
his
weake
resistance
,
hee
ommitted
not
a
confirmation
of
the
like
contract
with
Pirrhus
King
of
Epire
,
as
one
whom
he
foreknew
would
be
an
able
furtherance
to
what
part
soeuer
he
inclined
himselfe
:
but
Pirrhus
as
subtil
as
the
deepest
,
waighting
but
aduantage
(
how
to
cast
these
,
thogh
they
had
their
footing
in
the
stirrup
cleane
out
of
the
saddle
)
bore
himselfe
faire
,
both
to
one
and
the
other
.
And
indeede
set
himselfe
as
it
were
to
saile
to
them
al
,
as
who
would
giue
most
for
him
:
for
being
now
in
aide
of
the
Tarentines
in
their
troubles
against
the
Romanes
,
he
desired
of
Antigonus
to
furnish
〈…〉
him
with
ships
,
for
safe
conuey
of
his
armye
ouer
:
of
Antiochus
whose
Cossers
were
better
paued
with
treasure
,
then
his
campe
strengthned
with
menne
of
Warre
,
of
him
hee
requested
to
borrowe
:
of
Ptolomy
hee
demaunded
to
sende
to
his
ayde
a
parte
of
the
souldiors
of
Macedon
.
But
Ptolomy
best
knowing
his
weakenesse
not
to
be
able
to
haue
anye
of
his
powers
gleand
from
him
,
if
any
of
the
other
should
breake
out
which
he
distrusted
,
yet
sent
him
fiue
thousand
footmen
,
foure
thousand
horsemen
,
and
fifty
Elephants
:
conditioning
with
him
,
that
two
yeares
expirde
,
hee
should
returne
them
,
or
make
good
the
like
.
For
his
aduantage
,
Pirrhus
in
consideration
of
this
loue
,
tooke
the
daughter
of
Ptolomy
in
marriage
,
and
in
his
iourney
,
left
Ptolomy
protector
of
his
kingdome
.
Forasmuch
,
now
as
we
are
falne
in
remembraunce
of
Epire
,
it
shall
be
profitable
a
while
,
to
intreat
of
the
originall
of
the
same
kingdome
.
Molosses
was
the
first
King
raigned
〈…〉
in
that
region
.
Afterward
,
Pirrhus
the
sonne
of
Achillis
,
being
depriued
of
the
succession
of
his
fathers
soueraignty
,
by
being
absent
at
the
battell
of
Troy
,
continued
in
the
same
Country
,
which
after
his
name
was
first
called
Pirrhus
,
and
then
Epirotes
.
This
Pirrhus
comming
into
the
Temple
of
Iupiter
,
to
aske
counsell
of
Do●one
,
rauished
there
Anasa
,
the
Neece
of
Hercules
,
of
whom
(
afterwarde
taking
her
to
wife
)
he
begat
eight
children
,
of
which
most
of
them
growing
to
be
beautifull
young
Ladies
(
at
their
intire
request
)
he
married
to
the
kings
that
were
his
neighbors
:
by
meanes
of
which
alyance
,
he
strengthned
himselfe
both
with
royall
friends
,
and
purchased
to
his
treasure
insinite
riches
:
And
so
leauing
the
kingdome
of
the
Chaonians
,
with
Andromache
the
Wife
〈…〉
of
Hector
,
(
who
in
the
deuision
of
the
booty
at
the
sacke
of
Troy
,
fell
by
lot
to
be
his
wife
)
and
vnto
Helenus
the
sonne
of
king
Priamus
,
a
Prince
indued
with
singular
knowledge
,
and
the
guifte
of
Prophecie
.
Not
long
after
,
by
the
treason
of
Oresles
,
the
sonne
of
Ag●memnon
,
he
was
slaine
at
Delphos
,
before
the
Alter
of
the
Goddes
.
After
him
succeeded
his
sonne
Pylad●s
,
from
him
by
order
of
delineation
and
righfull
succession
,
the
kingdome
discended
to
Arim●a
,
ouer
whom
,
because
he
was
fatherlesse
and
in
his
●onage
,
&
that
their
wer
no
more
aliue
to
insist
&
record
that
Noble
race
from
forgetfulnes
,
but
he
of
earnest
desire
that
the
whole
Realme
had
,
to
p●eserue
him
and
bring
him
vp
,
there
were
certaine
protectors
appointed
,
by
the
generall
consent
of
the
state
,
to
haue
the
ouersight
,
care
and
gouernment
of
him
,
there
were
also
Philosophers
from
al
parts
,
sent
as
it
were
by
Doctrin
and
instructions
to
manure
and
fill
his
body
and
mind
with
vertue
and
manners
;
so
that
by
how
much
his
education
made
him
in
learning
excell
his
auncestors
,
by
so
much
was
he
better
beloued
,
had
the
heart
and
reuerence
of
his
subiects
.
For
he
was
the
first
that
made
lawes
,
ordained
a
counsell
,
appointed
yearely
officers
,
and
established
the
estate
of
the
commonweale
.
And
like
as
Pirrhus
first
gaue
the
people
their
dwelling
,
so
Arimba
broght
them
first
to
the
trade
of
ciuill
ordinance
,
and
liuing
.
This
mans
Sonne
was
Neoptolemus
,
who
begat
Olimpias
the
mother
of
great
Alexander
,
and
Alexander
who
after
his
desease
,
enioyed
the
kingdome
of
Epire
,
and
died
in
the
An
example
of
a
learned
Prince
.
warres
of
Italy
among
the
Brutians
.
After
his
disease
,
his
brother
Accides
succeeded
in
the
kingdome
,
who
by
ouercharging
his
subiects
with
the
continnall
and
aduerse
warre
,
hee
had
against
the
Macedons
,
raised
so
strong
a
commotion
among
them
,
that
they
banished
him
the
realme
,
leauing
behinde
him
a
child
of
his
,
then
but
two
years
old
,
called
Pirrhus
,
who
was
also
diligently
sought
by
the
people
to
be
put
to
death
(
so
remorcelesse
was
the
hatred
they
bare
to
his
father
)
was
secretly
conueyed
from
them
into
Illiria
and
deliuered
vnto
Berooe
,
the
wife
of
King
Glaucia
,
to
be
fostred
and
preserued
.
The
which
Beroe
was
also
extract
of
the
house
of
Eacus
.
This
Glaucia
the
King
,
whether
it
were
for
pitty
of
his
misfortunes
,
or
allured
with
his
childish
and
delightful
flatterings
,
defended
him
long
against
the
spight
of
Cassander
King
of
Macedon
,
who
oftentimes
demanded
with
forcible
threatnings
,
that
he
would
conduct
sharpe
warres
on
him
and
his
people
,
vnlesse
he
deliuered
him
:
but
Glaucia
regarded
not
his
threats
,
besides
his
carefull
protection
of
him
,
adopted
him
his
lawfull
sonne
,
with
which
loue
of
Glaucia
,
the
Epyrotes
being
moued
,
conuerted
their
hatred
into
compassion
,
and
with
the
consent
of
his
foster
father
,
hauing
attained
to
the
age
of
eleuen
yeates
,
they
called
him
into
his
realme
againe
,
selecting
choice
gouernors
,
to
haue
the
ouersight
and
protection
of
him
and
his
kingdome
,
till
he
came
to
riper
experience
.
After
this
,
hauing
past
his
childhood
,
and
grew
to
be
soueraigne
of
himselfe
,
he
fought
many
battels
,
and
concluded
them
victoriously
:
so
that
the
report
of
his
valour
was
growne
to
such
power
,
and
his
wisdome
and
pollicy
of
such
esteeme
,
that
no
man
was
held
fit
but
he
,
nor
of
fortune
equall
to
defend
the
Tarentines
,
against
the
inuincible
Romanes
.
The
ende
of
the
xvij
.
Booke
THE
XVIII
.
BOOKE
OF
Iustine
.
THE
ARGVMENT
.
PYrrhus
ouercommeth
the
Romans
.
Mago
Duke
of
Carthage
bringeth
them
ayde
,
and
is
sent
home
againe
.
The
Romanes
seeke
truce
with
Pyrrhus
,
the
which
sute
is
crossed
by
Appius
Claudius
.
Pyrrhus
taketh
vpon
him
the
kingdome
of
Sicill
.
The
foundation
of
Tyre
and
Sydon
,
with
a
rehearsal
of
their
Histories
.
Dido
buildeth
Carthage
,
and
killeth
her
selse
.
The
Carthagenians
vse
an
abhominable
kinde
of
sacrifice
.
They
suffer
great
losse
both
by
warre
and
Pestilence
.
Macheus
Duke
of
Carthage
,
purteth
his
owne
sonne
to
death
,
he
winneth
Carthage
he
is
accused
of
Treason
,
and
is
put
to
death
.
AT
this
time
that
Pirrhus
was
king
of
Epyre
,
the
Tarentines
,
Samnits
,
and
Lucanes
,
were
grieuously
vexed
with
The
wars
of
Pyrrhus
in
Italy
.
the
warre
of
the
Romaines
;
in
which
necessety
of
theirs
,
they
sent
their
seuerall
ambassadors
,
to
intreate
his
aide
;
who
not
so
much
moued
by
the
importunity
of
these
suters
,
as
induced
with
hope
to
compasse
the
Empire
of
Italy
,
vnder
his
owne
dominion
promised
them
succour
,
and
to
come
presently
with
an
army
to
remoue
that
affliction
incident
vnto
them
:
vnto
which
affaires
after
his
minde
had
thus
inclinde
,
following
the
examples
of
his
ancestors
,
and
to
demonstrat
to
the
world
he
had
an
honourable
qualltiy
of
his
parents
,
he
draue
himselfe
desperatly
forward
into
all
hazzards
,
disdaining
to
be
accounted
inferiour
to
his
vncle
Alexander
,
who
had
defended
the
Tartarians
against
the
Brucians
:
or
oflesse
courage
then
great
Alexander
,
who
had
made
warres
farre
distant
from
his
owne
Countrey
,
and
subdued
the
East
.
Whereupon
leauing
his
sonne
Ptolomy
,
of
the
age
of
fifteene
yeares
as
Regent
ouer
his
kingdome
,
he
landed
his
Army
in
the
hauen
of
Tarent
,
leading
along
with
him
his
two
younger
sonnes
,
Hellen
and
Alexander
to
beare
him
company
,
and
be
a
comfort
to
him
in
this
voyage
,
so
farre
remote
from
his
Countrey
.
Of
whose
a●riuall
,
the
Romaine
Consull
Valertus
Leunius
hearing
,
he
was
expeditious
to
encounter
with
him
,
before
the
aides
of
his
confederates
were
assembled
:
so
brought
his
men
into
the
field
euen
to
the
enterview
,
where
Pirrhus
was
incampt
;
who
on
the
contrary
,
held
it
cowardise
to
eschew
the
battell
offerd
,
though
the
number
of
the
enemies
force
,
far
surmounted
his
.
Both
armies
being
arraid
,
and
the
assault
begun
,
the
Romaines
at
the
first
forced
them
to
retrait
,
and
chasing
that
aduantage
they
were
Maisters
of
,
were
euen
at
the
point
to
haue
put
him
and
his
whole
power
,
either
to
slaughter
or
flight
:
But
Pirrhus
retiring
no
further
then
the
backe
of
his
Elephantes
Pyrrhus
ouer
commeth
the
Romans
.
constraind
the
Romaines
at
the
sight
of
those
beasts
of
Macedon
,
to
which
till
then
they
wer
neuer
inurd
,
first
to
stand
as
amazed
,
and
by
and
by
to
forsake
the
field
;
so
from
a
conquest
,
which
but
euen
nowe
was
iudged
certaine
by
them
,
they
had
suddenly
the
ouerthrow
themselues
:
Neuerthelesse
,
Pirrhus
obtained
not
this
honor
without
much
bloodshed
,
for
he
himselfe
was
dangerously
wounded
,
&
a
great
part
of
his
soldiors
slain
,
so
that
he
gained
by
this
victory
more
renowne
then
cause
to
reioyce
.
Many
citties
folowing
the
fortune
of
this
battell
,
yeelded
themselues
to
Pirrhus
,
among
which
,
the
Locrins
betraying
the
Roman
Garrison
,
reuolted
to
him
,
of
which
prey
Pirrhus
sent
home
two
hundred
Roman
souldiors
ransomelesse
to
Rome
,
to
the
intent
that
as
the
Romaines
had
trusted
the
carriage
and
puissance
of
his
body
,
they
should
as
well
see
he
had
the
like
liberallity
and
magnanimousnesse
of
mind
.
Shortly
after
,
the
hoast
of
the
Tarentines
and
the
others
congregated
to
him
,
and
the
Romaines
likewise
releeued
their
dispersed
Tyrians
with
sit
The
magnificence
of
Pyrrhus
.
supply
,
there
was
another
encounter
vndertaken
betweene
them
,
wherein
his
fortune
was
like
vnto
the
former
,
and
his
worthinesse
appeared
no
lesse
.
The
Carthagentans
hearing
of
this
prosperity
of
Pirrhus
,
sent
Mago
one
of
their
Captaines
with
a
hundred
and
twenty
ships
,
in
the
aid
of
the
Romains
,
who
comming
before
the
Senat
,
told
them
,
it
greatly
grieued
the
Carthagenians
his
countrimen
,
and
their
neighbors
and
friends
,
that
a
forraine
K.
should
be
so
powerfull
to
make
Warre
in
Italy
,
for
which
he
was
sent
to
offer
them
that
ready
aid
,
knowing
no
reason
but
they
being
assailed
by
a
forraine
enemy
might
iustly
be
rescued
by
forraine
sucor
:
the
Senat
gaue
him
in
the
right
of
the
Carthagenians
thankes
,
but
dismist
him
and
their
succors
accounting
them
needlesse
.
But
Mago
subtile
,
according
to
the
nature
and
inclination
of
the
men
of
Affrica
,
as
though
his
affaires
tended
to
proclaime
peace
,
went
secretly
to
Pirrhus
,
entending
to
sift
his
determination
,
and
to
learne
what
he
purposed
as
concerning
Sicill
,
whether
it
was
reported
Pirrhus
was
sent
for
:
for
howsoeuer
it
was
otherwaies
pretended
,
the
Carthagenians
sent
aide
to
the
Romaines
for
no
other
end
,
but
that
since
Pirrhus
was
arriued
,
he
might
be
so
occupied
with
the
Romaines
in
Italy
,
he
should
finde
no
leisure
to
passe
on
to
Sicill
.
Pirrhus
hauing
prosperity
thus
farre
as
it
wer
intaild
to
him
;
Fabritius
Lucinus
was
sent
Ambassadour
from
the
Senate
of
Rome
,
to
conclude
a
peace
with
him
.
The
articles
agreed
vppon
,
for
confirmation
thereof
,
cineas
was
dismist
from
Pirrhus
,
with
gifts
and
honorable
presents
to
the
Romaines
,
but
such
was
the
continency
of
them
,
that
hee
returned
without
finding
anye
man
whose
handes
were
open
to
receiue
his
Maisters
rewardes
.
Another
example
to
equallize
this
staiednesse
of
the
Romaines
,
happened
in
the
same
time
much
about
this
,
for
the
senat
sending
Ambassadors
to
Ptolomy
,
into
Egypt
:
the
King
accustomed
to
gratifie
such
Messengers
with
royall
benefites
,
presented
them
with
the
like
,
the
which
they
modestly
deemed
,
yet
before
their
departure
being
solemnely
inuited
to
feast
with
the
King
,
there
were
commended
vnto
them
seueral
crownes
of
gold
,
which
for
that
time
for
the
honor
of
Ptolomy
,
though
they
refused
no●
but
receiued
,
the
next
day
after
they
discharged
themselues
of
them
,
leaste
they
shoulde
be
tainted
with
suspicion
of
any
corruption
,
and
placst
them
vpon
the
Kings
Images
.
But
while
Syneas
was
arbitrating
these
affaires
betwixte
Pirrhus
and
the
Romaines
,
and
a
peace
concluded
,
the
disse●gnes
were
ordered
in
his
Ambassie
Pyrhus
made
king
of
Sycil
.
read
more
in
the
23.
Book
.
were
infringed
by
Appius
Claudius
.
At
his
returne
Pirrhus
demaunded
of
him
,
what
manner
of
thing
Rome
was
,
who
instructed
therunto
by
the
magnificency
of
his
entertainment
,
the
grauety
,
wisedome
,
and
Noblenesse
of
the
people
,
answered
that
it
seemed
to
him
to
be
a
Citty
al
of
kings
.
By
this
the
Amabassadors
sent
from
the
Sicilians
were
to
haue
a
hearing
of
Pirrhus
,
who
admitted
before
him
,
rendred
into
his
hands
,
the
righ●
and
title
of
their
whole
Island
,
desiring
him
of
his
princely
grace
to
take
them
into
his
protection
,
whose
labours
were
fruitlesse
by
the
continuall
warres
which
the
Carthageniens
A
digression
to
the
acts
of
the
Tyrians
.
infor●st
vpon
them
:
which
Pirrhus
accepting
,
le●●ing
his
Sonne
Alexander
at
Locus
,
and
hauing
strengthned
the
other
Citties
with
sufficient
Garrisons
,
he
wasted
his
Army
ouer
into
Sicill
.
Being
now
come
to
intreat
of
the
Carthageniens
,
It
shal
not
be
amisse
for
the
amplifieing
of
our
History
,
to
digresse
from
the
present
subiect
,
and
speake
somwhat
of
their
Original
,
as
also
to
repeat
the
deeds
of
the
Tyrians
,
whose
miseries
were
no
lesse
to
bee
lamented
.
This
Nation
of
the
Tyrians
had
their
first
foundation
by
the
Phenecians
,
who
before
being
troubled
with
an
Earthquake
,
forsook
their
Natiue
soile
,
and
inhabited
first
by
the
lake
of
Assiria
,
and
from
thence
remoouing
themselues
nearer
to
the
Sea
coast
,
they
builded
a
Citty
,
which
of
the
abundance
of
Fish
that
had
breeding
there
,
they
named
it
Sidon
.
In
this
continent
they
continued
longe
,
but
at
last
being
subdued
by
the
King
of
the
Ascalonites
,
they
tooke
shipping
,
and
arriued
in
the
same
ground
whereon
they
builded
Tyre
:
which
Citty
,
was
finished
the
yeare
before
the
destruction
of
Troy
.
In
this
neither
remaind
they
in
peace
,
but
were
often
assailed
by
the
Warres
of
the
Persians
.
But
their
power
much
wasted
by
this
warre
,
and
the
multitude
of
the
bondmen
exceeding
their
Masters
;
they
pretended
to
exemplifie
their
sauage
nature
vpon
them
,
whom
they
were
bound
to
obey
:
which
conspiracy
,
by
the
Bondmen
〈◊〉
in
cruelty
.
concealement
thereof
,
first
taking
life
,
grewe
after
to
such
yssue
,
that
they
butchered
their
Maisters
,
and
all
the
free-borne
posterity
:
and
hauinge
the
Citty
now
to
do
what
they
would
,
they
entred
into
their
Maisters
houses
,
inuaded
the
common-weale
,
and
that
(
which
themselues
neuer
were
)
they
beg
●t
free
children
.
At
this
massacre
,
their
was
one
among
so
many
thousand
slaves
,
of
a
more
sober
and
honest
nature
then
the
rest
,
who
pittying
the
fortune
of
the
old
man
his
Maister
,
and
the
destinye
of
his
soune
,
dealte
not
as
the
other
did
in
murthet
,
but
of
mercifull
compassion
tooke
them
to
pitty
,
and
preserued
their
liues
,
euery
day
bringing
them
foode
.
The
other
bondmen
ignorant
that
any
Masters
or
free-born
generation
wer
aliue
,
began
to
consult
of
the
estate
of
gouernment
;
and
agreed
that
it
was
requisit
for
the
security
of
them
all
,
to
incorporat
the
Citty
to
themselues
and
create
aking
,
and
him
especiallye
(
as
a
man
most
acceptable
to
the
Goddes
,
)
that
first
should
see
the
next
morrow
.
This
honest
slaue
declared
this
secretly
to
his
Maister
Strato
(
for
so
was
the
old
man
named
)
crauing
therein
the
furtherance
of
his
aduise
:
so
being
by
him
sufficiently
instructed
what
to
do
,
while
all
the
rest
stood
staring
into
the
East
,
he
only
aduisedly
loked
into
the
West
.
At
the
first
,
all
the
residue
of
his
fellowes
,
thought
it
madnesse
in
him
to
gape
for
the
Sunne
rising
in
the
West
.
But
assoone
as
the
day
began
to
breake
,
and
the
East
glistered
vppon
the
highest
tops
and
pinnacles
of
the
Towers
and
Temples
of
the
Cittie
,
while
all
the
rest
gazed
,
who
should
see
the
Globe
of
the
sunne
,
he
first
of
all
shewed
them
the
brightnesse
thereof
,
shining
vpon
the
top
of
the
Cittie
.
This
made
them
so
iust
to
iudge
against
themselues
,
to
be
a
reason
greater
then
could
grow
out
of
slaues
:
whereupon
they
inquired
who
gaue
him
this
counsell
,
who
vnwilling
to
attribute
the
dignity
was
dew
to
another
,
confessed
the
truth
as
concerning
his
Master
,
so
that
they
euidently
perceiuing
the
difference
of
true
iudgement
,
between
a
slaue
and
a
Gentleman
,
and
that
thogh
their
owne
natures
might
excel
in
malice
,
yet
the
other
exceeded
in
wisdome
,
the
old
man
and
his
sonne
they
The
〈◊〉
between
honesty
and
villamy
.
pardoned
,
and
perswading
in
general
that
Strato
could
not
but
be
preserued
by
the
Diuine
prouidence
of
the
Goddes
,
for
some
future
good
,
they
agreed
and
created
their
King.
After
whose
decease
,
the
kingdome
discended
to
his
sonne
,
and
so
colatterally
,
foorth
to
his
posterity
.
Which
act
of
these
slaues
,
though
it
were
notable
and
a
necessarie
example
to
succeeding
ages
,
yet
Alexander
the
great
,
hauing
continued
long
warre
in
the
countries
of
the
East
as
a
reuenger
,
raisd
war
vpon
them
,
who
had
bin
enemies
to
a
common
tranquility
,
besieged
and
sacked
the
citty
,
commanding
all
those
to
be
hung
vp
,
that
remained
aliue
after
the
battell
:
executing
iustice
on
the
posterity
in
remembrance
of
the
murthers
committed
in
former
time
by
their
predecessors
;
only
the
kindred
of
Strato
preserued
,
and
restored
the
kingdome
to
his
offspring
,
peopling
it
with
free-born
families
,
to
the
intent
that
the
slauish
seed
being
rooted
out
,
the
offspring
of
those
might
liue
to
report
they
were
planted
by
him
.
These
Tyrians
being
thus
by
Alexander
a
Nation
new
founded
through
trauell
,
and
sparing
in
spending
,
grew
as
strong
againe
in
short
time
as
before
the
slaughter
of
their
Masters
:
so
that
thus
again
replenished
,
they
sent
a
company
of
youth
into
Affrick
,
and
built
vp
Vtica
.
About
The
building
of
Vtica
.
which
time
thek
.
of
Tire
deceased
,
ordaining
for
his
heirs
his
son
Pigmalion
,
and
his
daughter
Elissa
,
a
princesse
of
excellent
beauty
.
The
kingdom
went
to
Pigmalion
,
being
a
child
,
and
Elissa
was
married
to
her
Vncle
Sicheus
the
Priest
of
Hercules
,
being
in
greatest
authority
next
the
king
.
This
Sicheus
was
reputed
to
be
possest
of
so
much
riches
,
that
he
buried
it
in
the
ground
.
The
brute
of
which
,
though
not
certain
to
any
,
was
so
commonly
reported
of
al
,
that
it
attaind
to
Pigmalion
,
who
incensed
with
a
couetous
desire
(
forgetting
all
naturall
affinity
,
sought
to
stop
such
thoughtes
,
or
euer
they
apprehend
the
fulnesse
of
action
or
without
respect
of
religion
,
the
remembraunce
of
which
,
would
haue
so
beat
on
the
anuill
of
his
conscience
,
til
it
had
wrought
him
to
a
better
forme
then
the
euill
hee
intended
:
to
compasse
this
wealth
,
which
was
onely
to
be
had
by
rumor
,
he
slaughtered
his
Noble
Vncle
Sycheus
being
also
his
brother
in
lawe
.
Elissa
detesting
this
wicked
an
abhominable
act
of
her
Brothers
,
lamenting
the
vnhappy
●ragedy
of
her
so
louing
a
husband
,
and
doubting
as
great
mischiefe
pretended
against
her
personne
,
dissembled
so
farre
,
as
sorrow
and
hope
of
reuenge
woulde
giue
her
leaue
:
the
labours
of
her
mind
bearing
in
all
things
a
faire
and
fauourable
countenance
toward
her
brother
,
as
if
she
had
slightly
forgot
so
great
a
trespasse
done
toward
her
,
not
without
dishonor
to
himselfe
:
yet
practising
priuatly
with
diuerse
Noblemen
,
whose
harts
she
knew
to
the
King
her
brother
,
was
leauelled
with
her
owne
,
and
whose
discontents
wer
as
burthensome
to
their
minds
,
as
wind
in
a
bladder
,
who
on
the
lest
prick
that
occasion
giues
,
breaks
violently
out
;
who
had
a
more
free
desire
to
leaue
their
countrie
,
then
to
liue
in
it
,
hauing
the
oath
of
such
as
these
,
to
further
and
be
readie
to
undertake
with
her
,
what
action
soeuer
:
she
came
to
Pigmalion
,
and
addressing
hir
speech
to
him
,
intreated
she
might
remooue
her
owne
dwelling
,
and
come
to
so●ourne
with
him
,
to
this
intent
the
brute
and
remembrance
of
hir
husband
,
should
not
any
longer
march
as
a
shaddowe
before
her
eies
,
nor
the
sight
of
his
house
,
continuallie
renew
the
sorrow
which
she
coueted
to
forget
.
The
wicked
ne●●●
of
Pygmialion
.
Pigmalion
,
well
satisfied
with
this
sute
of
his
sisters
,
hoping
with
the
remooue
of
her selfe
to
his
countrie
,
she
woulde
also
remooue
her
husbandes
treasure
,
for
the
which
he
had
murthered
him
:
gaue
her
a
liberall
and
frank
consent
to
inioie
his
countrie
and
that
wherein
might
content
her
,
Little
doubting
the
escape
which
Elissa
by
this
policie
pretended
But
she
being
a
ship
bord
,
and
vnder
saile
,
both
with
her
owne
friends
and
such
of
the
Kings
seruants
,
who
were
lent
in
her
help
for
her
guard
,
in
shutting
of
the
euening
,
being
out
of
the
ken
of
her
Countrie
,
called
those
who
were
the
subjects
of
Pigmalion
&
compeld
them
to
throw
ouerbord
a
many
of
bags
and
Coffers
full
of
sand
,
perswading
them
it
was
treasure
:
when
shee
her selfe
with
trickling
teares
,
and
woefull
Lamentation
,
shrieking
out
the
The
pollicye
of
〈◊〉
to
e●●ape
her
brother
.
name
of
Sicheus
in
distracted
sillables
,
beseeched
him
by
the
Loue
hee
bore
her
,
being
her
husband
,
to
accept
that
his
riches
,
as
an
oblation
which
had
bene
the
cause
of
his
death
.
This
done
,
she
turnd
her selfe
to
the
Kings
seruants
,
and
told
them
,
that
riches
which
she
had
enforcst
them
to
inrich
the
sea
withall
,
shoulde
be
a
meanes
to
hasten
on
her
death
,
which
she
so
often
had
hartily
desired
:
and
that
they
themselues
should
suffer
the
bitterest
torments
,
tirrannie
could
inuent
:
for
being
obedient
to
her
will
.
For
that
treasure
belonged
to
my
husband
Sicheus
,
for
that
treasure
the
couetousnes
of
my
Kinglie
,
yet
vnkinglie
brother
,
murthered
him
:
for
that
treasure
my
brother
and
your
soueraigne
lent
me
your
aide
,
and
permitted
me
to
come
and
haue
a
habitation
in
his
kingdome
:
of
which
treasure
,
when
he
shal
find
his
thirsty
appetite
vnslackt
,
he
will
be
as
pittilesse
to
me
his
sister
,
as
he
was
to
Sicheus
my
husband
and
his
.
Vncle
,
and
as
mercilesse
to
you
his
subiects
,
both
we
shall
well
escape
,
if
you
will
lay
your
liues
vpon
my
fortunes
,
go
willingly
with
me
,
not
to
my
vnkind
brother
,
but
vndertake
a
pilgrimage
out
of
this
dangerous
kingdome
,
whether
the
goddes
,
the
windes
,
and
this
sea
shall
conduct
vs
:
and
wheresoeuer
we
arriue
,
I
as
your
Queeene
,
and
you
as
my
people
,
will
buy
a
plot
of
ground
,
whereon
to
build
vs
a
peacefull
habitation
.
These
men
,
being
hallowed
with
her
wordes
,
assured
of
the
Tirrany
of
their
maister
,
with
some
feare
and
no
lesse
loue
,
they
offered
themselues
vnto
her
,
desiring
the
goddes
of
a
prosperous
voyage
.
Thus
a
great
number
of
the
nobility
,
were
in
readinesse
to
set
forth
with
hir
,
and
hauing
made
sacrifice
to
Hercules
,
they
forsooke
their
countrey
to
seeke
a
new
dwelling
place
.
The
first
land
that
they
arriued
at
,
was
the
Isle
of
Syprus
,
wher
the
priest
of
Iupyter
offered
himselfe
to
Elysa
,
as
a
partaker
of
her
fortune
,
vpon
condition
that
his
posterity
should
for
euer
enioy
the
honor
of
the
priest
hood
.
The
custom
of
the
Ciprians
was
to
send
their
maides
before
they
were
married
to
the
sea
side
,
there
,
with
the
abuse
of
their
bodies
,
made
offeringes
to
Venus
for
the
preseruation
of
their
chastity
al
their
liues
after
.
Of
these
women
,
The
wicked
custome
of
the
Cyprians
.
Elisa
commaunded
her
men
to
take
vp
80.
and
ship
them
,
that
her
young
men
might
haue
wiues
,
and
the
citty
encrease
in
yssue
.
These
things
thus
done
Pygmalion
knowing
of
the
flight
of
his
sister
,
purposed
to
pursue
her
,
but
was
warned
by
prophecy
,
that
he
should
not
escape
vnpunished
,
if
he
hindred
the
aduancement
of
so
fortuuate
a
cittie
.
By
this
meanes
,
they
that
fled
had
leysure
to
escape
,
and
Elissa
safelie
arriued
on
the
coastes
of
Affrick
,
won
the
heartes
of
al
the
inhabitants
.
After
,
hauing
gotten
a
peece
of
ground
,
euen
as
muche
as
might
be
compassed
with
an
Oxe
hyde
,
and
therin
she
refreshed
her
whole
company
,
then
caused
she
the
hide
to
be
cut
into
thongs
,
and
by
this
pollicie
got
a
very
large
plot
,
wherupon
that
place
was
called
Birsa
.
After
,
many
of
the
inhabitants
brought
unto
them
many
things
to
sel
,
and
built
them
houses
,
so
in
time
it
became
a
famous
citty
.
The
ambassadors
of
Vtica
brought
them
rich
presents
:
also
the
Affricans
were
very
desirous
of
their
companie
,
so
that
by
the
helpe
of
al
parties
Carthage
was
builded
,
paying
onely
a
yeerly
rent
for
the
The
building
of
Carthage
.
ground
.
In
their
digging
they
found
an
Oxe
head
,
betokening
a
fruitful
land
,
but
the
citty
alwaies
vnder
bondage
.
Wheron
they
remoued
their
citty
:
then
they
found
a
Horse
hed
,
signifieng
great
power
,
so
in
that
place
they
also
erected
a
cittie
.
Shortly
after
by
much
trade
of
other
Nations
it
became
populus
.
When
Carthage
flourished
,
Hiarbas
king
of
Mauritania
calling
ten
Princes
of
the
Africks
,
sent
for
Elissa
to
be
his
wife
,
and
if
she
denied
he
threatned
warre
.
Which
message
they
fearing
to
deliuer
,
wrought
by
craft
,
saying
their
king
Hiarbas
requireth
Dido
in
mariage
.
requested
a
person
to
instruct
his
nations
in
ciuil
life
.
They
being
rebuked
of
the
Queen
,
they
vttered
the
kings
command
,
that
she
must
bee
conformable
,
to
his
request
,
or
looke
for
further
danger
.
Being
thus
deceiued
she
called
often
on
the
name
of
her
husb
.
Sycheus
,
yet
at
last
answerd
she
would
go
whither
her
destiny
directed
.
Vpon
this
she
caused
a
fire
to
be
made
in
the
furthest
parts
of
the
citty
,
where
after
some
sacrifices
done
,
she
tooke
a
sword
standing
on
the
top
of
the
fire
,
laying
according
to
the
kings
command
she
would
goe
to
her
husband
,
thrusting
her
body
thorow
with
the
sword
.
In
carthage
she
was
worshipped
Dido
killeth
her selfe
.
euer
after
as
a
Goddesse
.
This
cittye
was
builded
72
yeares
before
Rome
.
Furthermore
among
other
mischiefes
,
they
were
sor●
vexed
with
the
plague
,
for
remedy
whereof
,
they
vsed
a
bloudy
kind
of
Religion
and
abhominable
wickednesse
.
For
they
offered
men
vp
in
sacrifice
,
and
killed
innocent
younglings
vpon
the
altars
,
the
(
which
age
is
woont
to
prouoke
euen
the
enemy
to
pitty
)
seeking
to
pacifie
the
Goddes
with
the
bloud
of
them
,
for
whose
life
the
Goddes
are
woont
most
of
all
other
to
bee
prayed
vnto
.
Therefore
the
Goddes
being
worthily
angry
,
turned
from
them
for
so
great
a
wickednesse
,
although
they
had
warre
along
time
in
Sicill
to
their
vtter
destruction
:
and
remoued
the
war
into
Sardima
,
hauing
lost
the
greater
part
of
their
hoast
,
they
were
vanquished
in
a
sore
and
deadly
battell
.
For
which
cause
they
banis●ed
(
with
those
few
that
remained
of
his
army
,
)
their
captaine
Machaeus
,
vnder
whose
guide
they
had
Conquered
that
parte
of
Sicill
,
and
atchiued
many
great
aduentures
against
the
Affricans
.
Which
thinge
Machaeus
banished
.
the
men
of
warre
taking
in
great
displeasure
,
sent
Ambassadors
to
Carthage
,
entreating
that
they
might
returne
into
their
Country
,
as
also
for
pardon
of
their
vnfortunate
warre
,
withall
telling
them
,
that
if
they
might
not
obtaine
their
request
by
entreatance
,
they
would
win
it
by
the
sworde
.
When
the
Ambassadors
could
get
nothing
,
neither
by
faire
meanes
nor
by
foule
,
within
a
few
dayes
after
,
they
tooke
shipping
,
and
came
to
the
Citty
all
in
armes
.
Being
come
they
protested
before
Goddes
and
men
,
that
their
comming
was
not
to
offer
any
violence
to
their
countrey
,
but
onely
to
recouer
it
,
and
that
they
would
shew
their
Countreymen
that
they
wanted
not
courage
in
Carthage
is
besieged
by
her
owne
Cittizens
.
the
former
Warres
,
but
good
fortune
.
Hereupon
they
kept
the
Cittie
from
all
manner
of
victuals
,
and
besieged
it
so
narrowly
,
that
they
brovghte
the
Carthagenians
to
vtter
dispaire
.
In
the
mean
time
Cartalo
,
(
the
sonne
of
the
banished
Captaine
Macheus
,
)
as
he
passed
by
his
fathers
campe
from
Tyre
,
(
whither
he
had
bene
sent
by
the
Cartbagenians
,
to
carry
vnto
Hercules
the
tenths
of
the
booty
that
his
father
had
taken
in
Sicill
)
being
sent
for
by
his
father
,
answered
he
would
first
accomplish
his
duty
in
the
publike
religion
,
and
then
would
do
any
priuate
dutie
to
father
or
mother
.
Which
thing
albeit
his
father
was
much
offended
with
,
yet
he
durst
not
as
then
vse
any
violence
towards
him
,
for
the
reuerence
of
that
religion
.
But
within
a
daie
or
two
after
,
desiring
safe
conduct
of
the
people
,
when
hee
was
returned
to
his
father
,
and
that
he
vaunted
himselfe
openly
before
all
men
,
decked
in
rich
purple
robes
and
his
Myter
,
according
to
the
degree
of
Priesthood
:
his
father
leading
him
aside
into
a
secret
,
place
saide
thus
vnto
him
.
Thou
wicked
varlet
,
durst
thou
be
so
bold
as
thus
bedect
with
scarlet
and
bedasht
with
〈…〉
.
Gold
,
to
come
into
the
open
face
of
so
many
of
thy
wretched
Cittizens
;
and
enter
into
this
sorrowfull
and
mourning
campe
,
swimming
in
these
tokens
of
royalty
and
prosperity
,
like
as
if
thou
shouldst
triumph
ouer
vs
?
Couldst
thou
find
none
other
persons
to
boast
thy selfe
before
?
couldst
thou
find
no
place
so
meet
as
the
penury
of
thy
father
,
and
the
calamities
of
his
vnhappy
banishment
?
Doest
thou
remember
that
being
the
other
day
called
,
thou
proudly
disdainedst
,
I
say
not
thy
father
,
but
the
very
captain
of
thine
owne
countrimen
?
And
I
pray
thee
what
els
representest
thou
in
this
thy
purple
robe
and
these
crownes
of
gold
,
but
the
titles
of
my
victories
?
For
asmuch
therefore
as
thou
acknowledgest
thy
father
for
no
better
then
a
banished
man
,
I
will
also
shew
my selfe
rather
a
seuere
captaine
,
then
a
father
towards
thee
,
and
I
will
make
thee
an
example
to
all
men
hereafter
,
not
to
be
so
bold
as
to
laugh
and
scorne
at
the
vnfortunate
miseries
of
their
fathers
.
Immediatly
hereupon
,
he
caused
him
to
be
nailed
to
a
very
high
crosse
in
sight
of
all
the
citty
,
in
his
gorgious
apparell
.
Within
a
few
daies
after
he
tooke
Carthage
,
and
summoning
the
people
before
him
,
complained
of
his
wrongfull
banyishment
,
excusing
the
warre
which
he
was
compelled
to
take
in
hand
,
full
sore
against
his
will
,
by
reason
his
conquests
were
despised
.
Wherefore
Carthage
is
taken
.
in
as
much
as
he
had
punished
the
oppressors
of
his
miserable
countrymen
,
he
said
he
was
content
to
pardon
all
the
rest
for
his
wrongfull
banishment
,
and
so
hauing
putten
of
the
senators
to
death
,
he
restored
the
citty
to
their
former
lawes
againe
.
Notlong
after
,
he
was
accused
to
haue
gon
about
to
make
himselfe
a
king
.
Whereupon
he
suffered
double
punishment
,
both
for
working
treason
against
his
countrey
,
and
for
murthering
his
owne
sonne
.
After
him
succeeded
in
the
captaineship
Mago
,
by
whose
knighthood
both
the
richesse
,
the
bounds
of
the
Empyre
,
and
the
renowne
of
Carthage
was
greatly
encreased
,
and
augmented
.
The
ende
of
the
xviij
.
Booke
.
THE
XIX
.
BOOKE
OF
Iustine
.
THE
ARGVMENT
.
MAgo
Duke
of
Carthage
dieth
.
His
sonnes
Hasdruball
and
Hamilcar
succeed
.
The
Carthageniens
are
ouercome
by
the
Affrickes
,
and
pay
the
rent
for
their
citty
.
They
make
warre
in
Sardinia
and
Sycill
.
The
message
of
the
Ambassadors
of
Darius
to
the
Carthageniens
.
The
Affricans
are
compelled
to
release
the
rent
.
The
army
of
Hamilco
perishetb
by
the
pestilent
influence
of
the
starres
.
The
remnant
whereof
he
bringeth
home
,
and
putteth
to
the
sword
.
IN
these
dayes
Mago
was
chiefe
Captaine
of
Carthage
,
who
had
by
his
diligence
in
ordering
the
lawes
of
Armes
,
founded
the
Empire
of
Affrica
,
and
established
the
fortification
of
Carthage
,
no
A
continu●●e
of
the
history
of
Carthage
.
lesse
by
his
policy
in
warre
,
then
by
his
puissance
,
he
deceased
,
leauing
behind
him
two
sons
,
Hasdruball
and
Hamilcar
,
who
following
in
the
footesteppes
of
their
fathers
vertue
,
as
they
succeeded
him
in
Lynage
,
so
they
equald
him
in
worthines
.
Vnder
these
Captaines
,
was
warre
coniunct
in
Sardinia
,
and
a
fielde
fought
against
the
Affricans
,
to
withstand
the
arrearages
they
demaunded
as
rente
for
the
soile
whereon
the
Citty
standeth
,
but
as
the
Aphricks
had
the
iuster
quarrell
,
so
had
they
the
better
fortune
;
by
meanes
whereof
this
warre
concluded
betweene
them
,
by
paiment
of
money
,
and
not
by
dint
of
sword
.
In
Sardinia
,
Hasdruball
being
mortally
wounded
,
surrendred
the
gouernment
to
his
brother
Hamilear
and
died
:
whose
death
was
made
honorable
by
the
mourning
of
the
whole
Citty
for
him
,
and
whose
life
was
no
lesse
,
for
he
had
bin
eleuen
times
Dictator
,
and
had
had
triumphs
.
At
the
newes
of
his
death
,
the
enemy
beganne
to
take
courage
,
as
though
with
their
Captaine
the
strength
of
the
citty
had
also
decaid
,
for
the
Sicilians
being
oppressed
by
the
Carthagenians
daily
iniuries
,
revolted
to
Leomeda
the
brother
of
the
King
of
Lacedemon
,
whereupon
was
continued
a
long
and
cruell
warre
betweene
them
,
the
aduantage
sometime
inclining
to
the
one
part
,
sometime
to
the
other
.
Now
Daryus
king
of
Persia
,
entending
to
make
warre
against
the
Greeyans
,
sent
his
Ambassadors
to
Carthage
,
requesting
their
ayde
in
the
furtherance
of
his
purpose
,
with
commaundement
also
,
they
should
leaue
offering
of
men
in
sacrifices
and
eating
of
dogges
flesh
,
prescribed
to
them
according
to
the
manner
of
the
Persians
,
rather
to
burne
theyr
dead
bodyes
,
then
to
bury
them
in
the
ground
.
But
the
Carthageniens
denying
him
aide
,
by
reason
of
the
troublesome
warres
they
had
with
their
borderers
,
to
the
entent
they
would
not
seeme
disobedient
in
al
things
,
willingly
obayed
him
in
the
rest
.
In
the
meane
season
Hamilcar
was
slaine
in
the
warres
in
Sycill
,
leauing
behind
him
three
sonnes
,
Amilco
,
Hanno
,
and
Gisgo
:
Hasdruball
had
also
alike
number
of
sonnes
,
Hamil●ar
●lame
in
the
wa●●es
.
Hanyball
,
Hasdruball
,
and
Sapphe
.
By
these
Captaynes
were
the
affaires
of
Carthage
ordered
,
and
the
citty
defended
,
warre
was
made
against
the
Moores
,
fieldes
fought
with
the
Numidians
,
and
the
Affricks
compelled
to
release
the
Carthageniens
for
euer
,
of
the
rent
they
were
wont
to
pay
for
the
soyle
of
the
citty
.
After
this
so
great
a
number
of
Graund
Captaynes
being
held
burthenson
to
the
citty
,
which
before
time
had
bin
free
,
in
that
they
built
or
peruerted
all
affaires
euen
to
their
owne
opinion
,
that
they
acquit
or
condemned
,
whom
or
what
they
lift
themselues
:
there
were
a
hundred
Senatours
chosen
to
be
Iudges
,
which
when
any
of
these
Captaines
were
returned
from
their
warres
,
should
take
an
vpright
account
of
their
actions
,
to
the
entent
they
thereby
might
be
kept
in
awe
,
so
to
behaue
themselues
in
executing
the
office
of
their
authoritye
in
the
warres
abroad
,
as
they
might
neuerthelesse
haue
a
carefull
respect
to
do
Iustice
according
to
the
lawes
of
their
countrey
at
home
.
For
directing
the
warre
in
Sicil
,
in
the
stead
of
Hamilcar
,
Hamilco
was
made
graund
captaine
:
who
hauing
prosperous
successe
in
all
battels
,
both
by
sea
and
land
,
suddainely
by
the
influence
of
a
pestilent
planet
,
lost
all
his
men
of
Hamilco
made
grand-Captaine
.
warre
:
whereof
when
tydings
came
to
carthage
,
the
harts
of
all
the
citty
was
cast
into
mourning
,
and
there
eies
sawe
no
other
comfort
but
teares
:
the
lamentation
was
as
Hideous
,
as
though
the
citty
had
bin
sackt
by
their
enemies
,
and
their
griefe
so
genearal
,
that
they
releiued
one
anothers
sorow
,
not
suffring
it
to
lessen
as
a
ceaselesse
fountaine
,
through
seuerall
pipes
seedes
many
cundits
.
Euery
mans
doores
were
shut
vp
,
the
Temples
of
the
goddes
vnuisited
,
and
theyr
alters
vnhallowed
:
all
ceremonies
were
omitted
,
all
priuate
duties
neglected
,
some
would
walke
out
at
the
citty
gate
(
but
so
dispersed
and
disordered
,
as
if
their
feare
had
taught
them
to
forget
theyr
former
acquaintance
)
where
they
would
make
inquisition
for
their
friendes
,
of
that
poore
remaine
,
the
plague
had
left
,
as
they
landed
out
of
the
shippes
,
where
hauing
heard
the
Tragicall
of
what
was
become
of
them
,
(
for
till
then
they
waded
betweene
hope
and
feare
,
who
was
dead
and
who
suruiued
)
they
redoubled
their
griefes
,
adding
so
fast
sigh
to
sigh
;
sob
,
to
sob
;
and
sorrow
to
sorrow
;
till
the
eagernes
of
the
one
,
did
help
the
other
to
breake
theyr
harts
.
Mothers
wept
for
their
children
,
fathers
for
their
sonnes
,
brothers
for
their
brothers
,
and
one
generation
for
another
:
so
the
shreeking
and
howling
one
made
vnto
another
,
appeared
rather
to
be
the
violence
of
whirlewindes
,
or
an
outtragious
tempest
,
then
the
perplexities
of
reasonable
creatures
.
After
this
comes
out
of
his
ship
,
(
the
poore
but
honorable
captaine
Hamilco
)
in
a
filthy
and
beggerly
torne
cloke
,
girt
about
him
:
at
the
sight
of
whom
the
mourners
as
they
stood
in
rancks
clustred
to
come
neare
him
,
where
they
discerned
by
his
misery
being
so
great
,
how
much
greater
was
distresse
to
the
rest
.
While
he
himselfe
houlding
vp
his
hands
to
heauen
,
bewailed
his
owne
misfortune
ioyned
to
the
calamity
of
his
Countrey
,
and
there
withall
cryed
out
vpon
the
goddes
,
who
had
taken
from
him
so
great
honour
of
chiualrye
,
and
so
great
ornaments
of
victories
,
which
they
themselues
had
giuen
and
made
him
maister
of
:
who
after
the
winning
of
so
many
Citties
,
the
vanquishing
of
so
fierce
enemies
,
both
by
sea
and
land
,
had
destroied
that
victorious
army
not
by
battell
but
by
pestilence
,
wherein
notwithstanding
,
he
with
this
did
comfort
himselfe
,
and
brought
no
small
cause
for
his
countrey
to
reioyce
in
him
,
since
that
his
enemies
could
not
triumph
,
nor
report
themselus
the
authors
of
their
calamities
,
that
they
were
not
able
to
say
,
they
which
were
dead
were
slain
by
them
:
nor
they
which
returned
,
were
put
to
slight
by
them
.
As
for
the
prey
they
found
in
their
disolate
campe
,
it
was
not
such
,
that
they
might
rightly
bost
of
it
,
as
of
the
spoile
taken
from
their
vanquished
enemy
,
but
as
of
a
purchase
falling
into
their
enemies
mouthes
,
vnlooked
for
by
the
pestilent
deaths
of
the
right
owners
,
in
respect
of
the
enemy
,
they
were
come
away
conquerors
,
but
in
reguard
of
the
pestilence
,
they
fled
a
way
vanquished
.
But
to
this
comfort
,
this
honorable
Captaine
had
one
griefe
,
his
repute
exceeded
all
limit
,
which
was
,
that
his
owne
fate
and
the
character
of
his
miserable
daies
,
had
not
period
with
his
followers
.
That
he
was
not
so
fortunat
,
to
dye
and
surfet
in
mishap
,
among
these
most
valiant
men
;
but
be
reserued
out
of
one
mischiefe
to
fall
into
another
:
from
the
fury
of
the
pestilence
,
not
to
liue
pleasantly
,
but
to
be
a
pointing
stock
for
the
multitude
,
and
a
remembrancer
of
calamities
Wherefore
so
soone
as
he
had
conueied
home
the
remnant
of
his
wretched
host
into
Carthage
,
he
vowed
he
would
follow
them
as
their
fellow
;
and
thogh
the
pestilence
shund
him
,
he
would
chase
death
till
he
had
ouertaken
him
:
whereby
his
countrey
should
perceiue
,
he
had
not
liued
to
that
day
,
as
desierous
of
life
,
but
because
he
would
not
by
his
death
betray
those
wretched
few
,
that
the
vnspeakeable
pestilence
had
spared
,
by
leauing
them
without
a
guide
,
being
besiedged
and
enuironed
round
with
their
enemies
hoastes
.
So
entring
into
the
citie
,
assoone
as
he
came
to
his
owne
house
,
he
dismissed
the
multitude
,
as
the
last
time
that
euer
he
purposed
to
speake
to
them
,
and
Hamileo
killeth
hunselfe
.
barring
the
doores
fast
,
suffering
none
to
come
whereby
to
intercept
him
,
not
so
much
as
his
sonnes
to
take
their
leaues
of
him
,
he
killed
himselfe
.
The
ende
of
the
xix
.
Booke
.
THE
XX.
BOOKE
OF
Iustine
.
THE
ARGVMENT
.
THe
elder
Dennis
driueth
the
Carthagenians
out
of
Cicill
,
and
maintaineth
warres
in
Italy
.
A
declaration
of
the
first
originall
of
many
citties
in
Italy
.
Warres
betweene
the
Crotonians
and
the
Locrenses
.
The
life
,
doctrine
and
death
of
Pythagoras
.
Dennis
is
ouercome
by
the
Crotenians
,
and
maketh
a
league
with
the
Frenchmen
in
Italy
.
Dennis
returneth
into
Cicill
against
the
Carthagenians
,
and
is
slaine
by
his
owne
men
.
DEnnis
hauing
repulsed
the
Carthageniens
out
of
Sicill
,
and
taken
the
gouerment
of
all
the
whole
Iland
into
his
owne
hand
,
thinking
it
both
a
burthen
to
the
realme
,
to
keepe
so
great
a
power
as
he
then
consisted
of
,
without
imployment
,
as
also
a
matter
dangerous
,
to
suffer
so
noble
an
army
to
ly
still
slouthfully
,
and
without
exercise
,
conueied
his
host
into
Italy
:
partly
of
purpose
,
to
quicken
the
strength
of
his
Souldiers
,
by
continuall
labour
,
and
also
to
enlarge
the
boundes
of
his
Empyre
.
the
first
warre
that
he
had
after
his
aryuall
,
was
againste
the
Greekes
that
inhabited
the
nearest
to
the
Sea
The
warres
of
D●●●●s
in
Italy
.
coast
,
when
he
first
landed
,
the
which
being
subdued
,
he
assailed
the
next
vnto
them
,
and
in
the
end
proclaimed
warre
against
al
that
bare
the
name
of
Greekes
in
Italy
,
intending
to
roote
out
al
the
inhabytants
,
and
make
a
hopelesse
posterity
of
them
:
which
sort
of
people
,
so
far
remote
from
their
oryginall
,
were
so
increased
,
that
they
held
not
a
part
,
but
almost
all
Italy
.
At
this
time
,
although
they
be
many
cities
which
after
so
long
continuance
,
do
yet
at
this
day
vphold
and
shew
manifest
tokens
of
the
Greekish
custome
.
For
the
people
of
Thusc●ne
,
which
possesse
the
coast
of
the
nether
sea
,
and
the
Venetians
who
euer
since
are
inhabiters
of
the
vpper
sea
,
came
vnder
Antenor
from
Troy
,
after
the
taking
and
vtter
destruction
thereos
.
Adrya
which
is
adioyning
to
the
Illirvan
sea
,
and
gaue
the
name
first
to
the
Adriaticke
sea
,
is
also
a
Greeke
citty
.
L●kewise
Apros
which
Dyomedes
builded
after
the
ouerthrow
of
Troy
,
being
cast
vp
in
the
same
place
by
shipwracke
.
Moreouer
Pise
in
Lumbardy
had
Greekes
to
their
founders
,
and
among
the
Thuscanes
,
the
Tarquines
drew
their
beginning
from
the
Thessalians
,
and
Spinambres
,
and
the
Perusines
from
the
Acheans
:
here
might
be
much
declared
of
the
Citty
cere
,
as
also
of
the
latine
people
,
who
A
digression
to
the
foundation
of
the
●●●y●s
of
Italy
.
say
themselues
to
be
desended
from
Eneas
,
the
Falisbes
,
the
Iapygians
,
the
Nolanes
,
the
Abelanes
,
were
of
oldeenhabiters
in
Chalcis
.
What
is
the
coast
of
campanya
?
What
are
the
Brutians
and
Sabines
?
What
are
the
Samnits
?
But
extracted
from
Grecia
?
What
are
the
Tarentines
,
who
appeare
to
this
day
vpon
record
,
came
from
Lacedemon
,
&
wer
first
called
bastards
.
It
is
said
further
,
that
Philoctetes
built
the
citty
Thurines
,
whose
toombe
standeth
yet
to
be
seene
vnruinde
,
and
the
shaftes
of
Hercules
,
in
the
Temple
of
Apollo
,
which
had
the
name
of
the
destiny
of
Troy
.
The
Metapontines
also
,
reserued
for
a
memory
to
this
day
,
to
shew
in
the
Temple
of
Mynerua
,
the
iron
tooles
of
Epeus
,
their
first
founder
,
wherewith
he
made
the
horse
Agent
in
the
destruction
of
stately
Illyrium
.
And
for
this
cause
,
that
they
indeuour
by
these
antient
remembrances
,
to
vphold
their
desent
al
that
part
of
Italy
(
sur-named
the
greater
Greece
.
)
But
in
the
beginning
of
their
foundations
,
the
Metapontines
assisted
in
confedracy
with
the
Sybarites
and
Crotoniens
,
after
determination
had
,
endeuored
to
expell
al
the
other
Grecians
out
of
Italy
:
and
assoone
as
to
that
purpose
,
they
had
taken
the
citty
Siris
,
in
the
conquest
thereof
they
killed
before
the
sacred
aulter
consecrate
to
Minerua
,
fifty
youngmen
,
imbracing
her
Image
;
neither
spared
her
priest
at
that
instant
veiled
in
the
attire
,
accustomed
in
her
ceremonies
.
Vpon
this
violation
they
were
vexed
with
pestilence
and
ciuill
sedition
,
so
that
the
Crotonienses
went
first
to
entreate
reliefe
from
the
Oracle
at
Delphos
,
where
answer
was
made
them
,
that
in
vaine
was
all
resistance
,
for
the
mischiefe
so
euident
among
them
might
not
cease
,
till
they
had
appeased
wrathfull
Mynerua
;
for
trespassing
so
heynously
against
the
deuinity
due
to
her
Godhed
:
as
also
the
Ghostes
of
them
in
her
Temple
they
had
so
cruelly
slaine
.
Ciuil
warres
in
Italy
Hereupon
,
they
began
to
carue
images
,
of
the
same
bignesse
that
the
men
were
,
being
aliue
;
minding
to
elect
and
set
them
vp
,
as
a
pacification
to
the
youngmen
.
Then
made
they
one
in
especiall
to
Minerua
,
but
the
Metapontines
knowing
also
the
Oracle
of
the
Goddes
,
thought
it
good
to
worke
more
speedily
in
a
buysinesse
of
this
necessety
;
so
they
engraued
as
a
recompence
to
the
youngmens
ghosts
,
little
images
,
and
appeased
the
Goddes
indignation
with
bread
sacrifices
.
So
that
the
one
part
striued
in
costlienesse
,
the
other
part
endeuoured
in
swiftnesse
,
the
pestilence
was
ceased
to
both
of
them
.
The
Crotoniens
hauing
recouered
health
,
desiered
quietnesse
long
after
,
for
remembrance
that
in
the
siege
of
Syris
,
the
Locrines
whom
they
distrusted
not
,
came
as
their
enemies
to
fight
against
them
:
they
take
so
great
displeasure
thereat
,
that
in
this
anger
they
made
warre
vpon
them
.
The
Locrines
,
being
striken
with
feare
at
this
sudden
inuasion
,
resorted
to
the
Spartanes
,
beseeching
them
humbly
of
succour
.
But
the
Spartanes
loth
to
busie
themseleus
in
a
warre
so
farre
remote
from
them
,
aduised
to
aske
helpe
of
Castor
and
Pollux
:
neither
did
the
Ambassadors
dispise
their
counsell
,
but
departing
to
the
next
Temple
,
there
offered
sacrifice
,
and
inuoked
the
Goddes
of
their
help
:
so
hauing
obtained
the
successe
they
came
for
,
(
as
they
thought
)
they
departed
,
being
as
iocond
as
if
they
had
carried
the
Goddes
themselues
to
further
their
prosperity
.
They
also
made
them
shrines
in
their
ships
,
&
assuring
themselues
of
an
auspicious
iourney
,
in
stead
of
succor
they
brought
home
comfort
.
This
knowne
to
the
Crotoniens
,
they
also
sent
their
Ambassadors
to
the
Oracle
at
Delphos
,
praiing
for
victory
and
prosperous
end
of
their
vndertaken
warre
:
where
it
was
answered
,
they
must
ouercome
by
viewing
,
ere
they
should
vanquish
them
by
battell
.
Whereupon
,
(
so
desirous
they
were
of
this
honor
)
they
vowed
vnto
Apollo
,
the
tenth
of
the
profit
should
be
taken
.
The
Locrines
on
the
contrary
,
hauing
good
intelligence
,
both
of
the
vow
of
their
enemies
,
and
the
answer
of
the
Goddes
,
vowed
as
much
,
but
kept
their
deuotion
priuat
to
themselues
.
So
that
when
they
were
marcht
into
the
field
,
and
they
beheld
in
battell
array
of
the
Crotonenses
a
hundred
and
twenty
thousand
fighting
men
,
armed
ready
for
the
incounter
,
and
knew
their
owne
power
too
slen●er
to
resist
the
furious
shock
of
such
a
conflict
,
being
but
fifteene
thousand
Souldiers
at
the
most
,
they
threw
away
all
hope
of
victory
,
cast
away
all
feare
,
enemy
to
resolution
,
accounting
themselues
vnpossible
to
be
rescued
,
prepared
their
Men
in
desp●●re
get
the
victory
.
liues
confidently
to
dye
yet
honourably
in
that
field
:
So
in
this
desp●ration
,
euery
man
tooke
such
a
harty
courage
to
himselfe
,
that
they
held
it
victory
enough
for
them
,
if
before
they
died
,
they
might
reuenge
their
deaths
on
their
enemies
manfully
:
but
while
they
sought
to
die
honestly
,
they
had
the
vpper
hand
fortunately
,
hauing
no
other
cause
for
this
victory
,
then
the
resolution
was
begot
out
of
their
dispaire
.
While
the
Locrines
were
in
the
teror
of
this
battel
,
an
Eagle
was
seene
neuer
to
depart
from
thence
,
but
stil
kept
a
houering
and
soring
bout
them
,
till
they
had
the
vpper
hand
.
Moreouer
two
young-men
in
strange
armour
,
vnlike
the
one
to
the
other
,
of
excellent
personage
,
mounted
vpon
two
white
horses
,
and
in
scarlet
clokes
,
were
seene
fighting
in
the
winges
of
the
battell
:
who
assoone
as
the
difference
was
ended
,
vanquisht
out
of
sight
.
The
incredible
swiftnes
of
fame
increased
the
wonder
of
this
accident
,
for
the
same
day
this
battell
was
fought
in
Italy
,
the
victory
was
reported
at
Corinth
,
Athens
,
&
Lacedemon
.
After
this
inauspicious
sucesse
,
the
Crotonenses
grew
carlesse
to
exercise
themselues
in
chiualry
and
feates
of
armes
,
and
as
it
were
in
the
whole
disposition
of
nature
altred
,
by
the
fatall
euent
of
that
warre
,
which
they
so
vnluckily
attempted
,
changed
their
life
into
riot
and
idlenesse
;
in
which
spoile
they
had
persisted
,
had
not
the
Philosopher
Pythagor
as
,
staid
them
from
this
giddines
,
and
moulded
them
a
new
with
his
instruction
.
This
Pythagor
as
,
being
the
sonne
of
a
rich
Marchant
of
Samos
,
called
Demaratus
,
was
brought
vp
in
the
education
of
learning
,
and
studies
of
wisedome
,
in
which
precepts
he
so
worthily
encreased
,
that
he
tooke
his
iourney
first
into
Egypt
,
after
to
Babylon
,
to
learne
perfectly
the
causes
whereby
the
planets
so
orderly
moued
,
and
to
search
out
the
beginning
of
the
world
.
During
his
exercise
in
this
place
,
he
attained
to
singular
knowledge
,
and
at
his
returne
,
went
Of
Pythag●ras
and
his
doctrine
.
to
Lacedemon
to
study
the
lawes
of
Minos
and
Lycurgus
.
In
all
which
he
being
perfectly
instructed
,
he
came
to
Croton
,
where
by
his
authority
,
he
broght
the
people
to
human
society
&
thriftinesse
in
life
,
being
but
euen
latly
befor
falne
into
excesse
riot
,
his
daiely
lectures
were
to
commed
virtue
and
make
hatefull
vice
,
reciting
the
miserable
chances
of
citties
which
had
decaied
thrugh
that
plague
,
whereby
he
so
strired
the
multitude
to
the
endeuour
of
labour
,
that
some
ouer
whelmed
before
in
the
pleasure
of
riot
,
wherby
him
contrary
to
expectation
(
since
that
which
is
engrauen
in
the
mind
,
is
hardly
to
be
raced
out
but
by
death
)
brought
againe
to
lothe
that
which
but
lately
they
loued
.
Moreouer
he
gaue
the
wiues
instructions
,
priuatly
from
their
husbands
,
and
the
children
a
part
from
their
parents
:
he
taught
the
women
shamfastnesse
obedience
,
and
womanhood
to
their
husbands
;
the
men
children
modesty
,
sobernesse
,
good
nurture
and
learning
.
And
among
these
things
,
he
enterlaced
Pythagoras
o●
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
.
thriftinesse
the
mother
of
vertues
.
Finally
he
did
so
much
with
his
continuall
disputations
,
that
the
Noble
women
laid
aside
their
garments
of
cloth
of
gold
,
and
other
ornaments
appertaining
to
their
estate
,
accounting
them
as
instruments
of
supersluity
,
and
brought
them
all
into
Iunoes
Temple
,
where
they
consecrated
them
to
the
Goddes
;
so
that
what
with
his
boldly
reprouing
vice
and
mildly
incouraging
them
to
vertue
,
the
men
helde
him
not
worthy
to
eate
,
whose
thoughts
were
rather
giuen
to
idelnesse
then
industry
,
and
the
wiues
perswaded
themselues
that
the
beautifieng
,
and
those
things
praise
worthy
in
Ladies
and
gentlewomen
,
is
chastity
,
not
attire
.
How
much
his
doctrine
had
power
and
ability
to
sway
,
with
the
baser
multitude
,
and
for
b●●l●ing
of
headstrong
and
stubberne
stomaked
women
,
his
workes
at
large
make
manifest
.
But
in
this
citty
as
in
all
citties
and
kingdoms
else
,
how
carefull
and
prouident
soeuer
be
the
publike
gouernment
of
the
estate
:
how
secure
and
vpright
,
their
statutes
and
ordinances
,
how
diligent
the
ministring
of
religion
,
let
Iustice
carry
his
ballance
neuer
so
euen
,
the
gouernment
shall
be
dispised
,
the
lawes
scandalised
,
religion
disdained
,
authority
slandered
,
and
when
this
moster
,
people
,
can
no
way
find
starting
holes
to
saue
themselues
,
they
violently
breake
out
.
So
in
this
Croton
,
three
hundred
factious
youngmen
,
contemning
these
precepts
of
Pythagoras
,
giuen
them
as
wholesome
medicines
to
preserue
them
in
a
publik●
good
,
holding
in
stead
of
law
their
will
lawlesse
,
gathered
themselues
to
a
head
to
withstand
these
iniunctions
,
and
maintaine
their
riotous
liberty
.
But
the
Citizens
knowing
that
these
vnlawful
assemblies
how
euer
otherwaies
defended
,
conspire
no
other
but
a
generall
r●ine
,
that
as
they
are
suffered
to
continue
,
so
they
grow
stronger
in
power
,
and
hauing
from
Pythagorus
principles
,
learned
to
distinguish
good
from
euill
,
mustred
them selues
,
and
the
better
perswaded
people
against
them
,
where
they
were
compact
in
a
house
togither
,
and
at
the
first
intended
to
set
on
fire
,
but
they
issuing
out
in
resistance
,
threescore
of
them
were
slaine
,
and
the
rest
apprehended
,
were
after
by
due
sentence
banished
.
When
Pythagoras
,
had
inhabited
full
twenty
yeares
at
Croton
,
he
remoued
to
Metapont
,
and
there
deceased
:
whom
that
citty
also
had
in
such
estimation
,
that
of
his
house
they
made
a
temple
,
and
honored
him
for
a
God
:
therfore
,
after
that
Dennis
the
Tyrant
(
whom
is
declared
to
haue
passed
his
army
out
of
●●●●●g●ras
dy●th
.
sicill
into
Italy
,
and
to
haue
prouoked
warre
against
the
Greekes
)
had
wonne
Locres
by
siedge
he
assailed
the
Crotoniens
,
who
had
scarcely
though
in
so
long
respit
,
recouered
their
strength
decaied
by
the
slaughter
at
the
aforesaid
battel
,
and
yet
they
now
being
thus
inforst
,
with
their
few
more
valiantly
resisted
his
so
Populous
an
army
,
then
they
could
with
so
many
thousands
,
make
defence
against
the
small
number
of
the
Locrines
.
So
great
force
hath
pouerty
to
preuaile
against
riches
,
and
so
much
more
certaine
sometimes
proues
a
victory
vnhoped
for
,
where
iustice
and
discresion
guideth
,
then
conquest
accounted
of
before
by
the
trust
of
the
multitude
.
While
Dennis
was
in
readinesse
with
this
warre
,
there
arriued
in
his
army
Ambassadors
from
the
frenchmen
,
who
a
few
monthes
before
had
burned
Rome
,
desiering
him
to
enter
into
league
with
them
,
and
take
them
to
his
Dennis
maketh
league
with
those
Frenchmen
that
burned
Rome
.
friendship
;
aledging
these
reasons
to
mooue
thereunto
,
that
their
countrey
was
scituat
in
the
hart
of
his
enemies
,
by
which
they
might
and
would
be
alwaies
in
readinesse
,
to
stand
him
in
stead
,
whether
it
were
to
aide
him
in
battel
,
or
to
set
on
themhimself
.
While
he
was
busied
in
their
vanguarde
,
Dennis
taking
the
treaty
of
this
Ambassage
to
be
profitable
for
his
disseignes
in
hand
,
tooke
them
to
the
league
with
him
,
and
being
increased
in
power
by
their
aide
beganne
as
it
were
fresh
warre
againe
in
croton
.
The
reason
that
moued
these
Frenchmen
to
trauell
into
Italy
,
and
to
seeke
them
out
a
strange
habitation
,
was
the
ciuyll
discord
and
continuall
debate
had
among
themselues
,
ouerwearied
wherewith
,
arriuing
in
Italy
they
expelled
the
Thuscanes
out
of
their
Scttuation
,
Citties
builded
in
Italy
by
the
french
and
builded
for
them
and
their
posteriy
,
the
citties
of
Millain
,
Come
,
Brixia
,
Verona
,
Bergome
,
Trydent
,
and
Vincent
.
The
Thuscanes
also
with
their
captaine
Rehtus
,
hauing
lost
their
owne
countrey
,
tooke
the
Alpes
,
and
after
the
name
of
their
captaine
founded
the
nation
of
the
Rhetians
.
But
Dennis
by
the
comming
of
the
carthageniens
into
Sicill
was
compelled
to
returne
home
.
For
they
had
prepared
their
army
and
with
a
greater
power
remoued
that
warres
which
they
had
broken
vp
by
the
constraint
of
the
pestilence
.
The
captain
of
this
war
was
Hanno
of
carthage
,
whose
enemy
Sumator
,
a
man
at
that
time
of
the
greatest
power
and
most
commaund
among
the
Affrickes
,
prouokt
by
an
inueterat
malice
he
bore
to
Hanno
,
wrote
familiarly
in
Greeke
to
Dennis
,
aduertising
him
of
this
army
,
the
whole
plot
intended
,
and
of
the
cowardise
of
the
captaine
.
But
his
letters
being
intercepted
by
the
way
,
he
was
apprehended
,
arraigned
,
and
conuict
of
treason
,
and
presently
an
act
by
Parliament
was
confirmed
,
that
no
subiect
of
carthage
,
should
from
thence
learne
Greeke
letters
,
or
study
the
Greeke
tongue
:
none
should
haue
conference
with
the
enemy
without
an
interpretor
,
nor
discouer
any
businesse
of
state
by
writing
.
But
this
Dennis
whose
pride
and
ambitious
desire
neyther
Sicill
nor
Italy
were
able
to
containe
,
being
ouercome
in
all
the
aduentures
and
battels
he
attempted
,
at
last
his
army
dishartened
by
his
ominous
directions
,
practised
his
destruction
,
and
in
the
end
The
ende
of
Dennis
.
was
slaine
by
the
treason
of
his
own
subiects
.
The
end
of
the
xx
.
Booke
.
THE
XXI
.
BOOKE
OF
Iustine
.
THE
ARGVMENT
.
THe
younger
Dennis
purposeth
all
kind
of
Tyrany
.
He
is
expulsed
the
Realme
.
He
useth
most
unspeakable
Tiranny
at
Locres
in
Italy
.
Hee
is
drinen
from
thence
and
taketh
Syracuse
.
Hanno
goeth
about
to
oppresse
the
common-weale
of
Carthage
.
His
treasons
twice
betrayed
,
and
he
executed
for
the
same
.
Dennis
deposeth
himselfe
and
flyeth
to
Corinth
,
where
he
liueth
a
loath
some
life
.
Hamilear
surnamed
Rhodanus
,
followeth
the
doings
and
counselles
of
great
Alexander
,
certifieth
his
Countreymen
thereof
,
and
at
his
returne
is
put
to
death
for
his
labour
.
COncerning
this
Tyrant
Dennis
thus
slaine
in
Sicill
,
his
men
of
warre
placed
to
succeed
in
the
soueraignty
Dennis
his
eldest
sonne
;
the
rather
for
that
he
was
grown
to
mans
estate
,
as
also
hoping
by
the
inauguration
of
him
,
the
kingdome
appertaining
to
the
dignity
of
one
would
be
of
more
validity
,
then
if
it
should
be
diuided
in
many
Dennis
the
yonger
pertitions
.
Amongst
the
late
Dennis
sons
,
this
Dennis
in
the
beginning
of
his
raign
,
exasperated
much
,
to
haue
put
to
death
his
brothers
Vncles
,
onely
for
the
Iealousie
he
had
,
that
he
held
them
to
be
enuiers
of
his
greatnes
,
and
prouokers
of
the
children
to
demaund
,
or
indeed
compell
a
distribution
or
partition
of
the
kingdome
:
whereupon
he
dissembled
his
desire
a
while
,
and
indeuored
by
his
actions
to
procure
the
future
fauor
of
his
commons
ere
he
would
vndertake
so
dangerous
attempt
,
holding
it
a
principle
for
him
to
be
gouerned
by
,
that
where
opinion
is
once
confirmed
in
the
brests
of
the
multitude
,
of
the
integretie
of
a
Prince
,
be
he
neuer
so
distant
from
vprightnes
,
their
tongues
applaud
what
cruelties
soeuer
he
inacts
,
and
conster
them
to
be
the
due
measure
of
Iustice
:
nay
what
taxes
how
oppressefull
soeuer
imposed
vpon
themselues
,
they
account
it
,
their
duty
to
obey
them
,
and
rebellion
to
be
resisted
.
To
encompasse
himselfe
with
which
cloud
,
and
as
it
were
to
walke
into
his
Tyranies
,
vnseene
,
and
vnsuspected
,
he
discharged
three
hundred
offenders
out
of
prison
,
released
the
people
three
yeares
subsidye
,
was
liber
all
of
any
fauors
,
bountifull
of
his
courtesie
,
alluring
their
minds
to
him
by
all
counterfet
gentlenes
,
dissimulation
was
able
to
deuise
,
but
hauing
dealt
with
them
as
Fishers
do
by
their
nets
,
who
draw
them
by
little
and
little
,
till
they
attain
to
the
end
they
looke
for
,
he
presently
set
forward
the
mischiefe
he
so
longe
had
purposed
,
he
slue
not
onely
his
owne
,
and
his
brothers
kindred
,
but
his
brothers
themselues
.
Insomuch
that
those
whom
he
ought
of
right
,
to
haue
The
cru●lty
of
Demus
.
made
partners
with
him
in
his
kingdome
,
he
permitted
,
not
to
be
partakers
of
life
and
breath
,
beginning
to
execute
his
Tirany
vpon
the
blood
of
himselfe
ere
he
proceeded
to
be
violent
against
strangers
.
When
he
had
thus
dispatched
his
brothers
,
of
whom
more
then
of
forraine
enemies
he
stood
in
feare
,
thinking
himself
now
secure
,
he
fell
to
slothfulnes
,
and
neglecting
his
warres
to
immoderat
excesse
&
banqueting
,
wher
by
he
became
corpulent
and
vnweeldy
,
and
had
such
a
disease
inflamed
into
his
eyes
,
that
he
was
not
able
to
indure
the
Sunne
,
the
least
dust
,
nor
the
glimmering
of
any
light
.
Finding
this
incumbrance
,
both
in
his
body
and
sight
,
he
beleeued
himselfe
to
be
had
in
disdaine
of
all
men
,
vpon
whom
he
began
to
execute
extreame
cruelties
,
not
stuffing
the
●ayles
with
prisoners
as
his
fathers
did
,
but
replenishing
the
Citty
(
which
had
longe
time
beene
empty
)
with
new
slaughters
,
so
that
he
became
not
so
much
disdained
for
the
deformity
of
his
body
,
as
hated
through
the
vices
of
his
mind
.
Therfore
when
he
perceiued
,
that
the
Syracusans
were
prepared
in
readinesse
to
bid
him
battell
,
he
was
long
in
counsell
with
his
Knights
,
whether
it
were
more
auaileable
for
him
to
depose
himselfe
from
rule
,
or
for
the
preseruation
of
his
dignity
to
withstand
them
by
force
.
But
his
men
of
war
,
in
hope
to
haue
the
spoile
of
so
wealthy
a
Citty
,
made
him
try
the
hazzard
of
battell
.
Wher
being
vanquished
,
he
attempted
fortune
the
second
time
with
successe
,
then
sent
Ambassadors
to
the
Syracusans
,
promising
them
to
depose
himselfe
from
his
Tyrany
,
if
they
woulde
send
commissioners
vnto
him
,
to
The
tteache
●y
of
Dennis
conclude
of
an
agreement
betweenethem
,
who
sent
the
chiefe
men
of
their
Citty
for
the
same
purpose
,
who
he
presently
imprisoned
,
and
while
the
Siracusans
thought
there
was
a
peace
considering
betweene
them
,
and
dreamt
not
of
so
treacherous
an
Enterprize
,
hee
sent
his
Army
to
destroy
them
:
wherupon
being
thus
taken
vnprouided
,
ensued
a
hot
and
doubtful
encounter
euen
within
the
Citty
,
but
by
reason
the
Cittizens
farre
in
number
exceeded
,
who
fearing
to
be
besieged
,
if
he
remaind
in
the
castle
,
to
which
hee
Dennis
sheth
into
Italy
.
retired
,
secretly
conuaid
himselfe
into
Italy
,
with
all
his
Princely
apparrell
,
treasure
and
houshold
stuffe
,
in
which
banishment
of
his
he
was
receiued
by
his
confederates
the
Locrins
,
who
had
not
long
time
receiued
him
to
succor
,
but
one
them
also
exerciced
his
violent
cruelties
.
Hee
inforced
the
Noblemens
wiues
to
his
lust
,
and
when
their
daughters
were
to
,
be
giuen
in
marriage
,
he
first
tooke
them
to
his
desire
,
and
hauing
abused
their
chastity
,
sent
them
to
their
spouses
againe
:
the
richest
Cittizens
he
disfranchised
,
seeking
to
put
them
to
death
,
and
confifcat
their
goods
,
and
when
he
saw
no
more
spoile
to
be
had
,
he
compassed
the
citty
with
his
subtill
practise
.
At
such
time
as
the
Locrins
were
oppressed
with
the
wars
of
Leophon
K.
of
Rhegium
,
they
made
a
vow
,
that
if
they
had
the
vpper
hand
and
ouerthrow
of
their
enemies
,
they
would
vpon
the
next
feastiuall
day
of
Venus
,
set
their
virgins
in
the
generall
stewes
for
all
men
to
abuse
:
which
vow
being
left
vnperformed
,
by
hauing
vnfortunate
warres
with
the
Lucanes
,
Dennis
called
the
cittizens
to gether
before
him
,
and
exhorted
them
to
send
their
wiues
and
daughters
,
as
sumptuously
apparrailed
as
might
be
,
to
the
Temple
of
Venus
,
and
out
of
them
their
should
be
a
hundred
drawne
by
lot
,
to
performe
the
common
ceremony
which
wiues
and
daughters
for
religions
sake
,
should
contiune
in
the
Brothel-house
for
the
space
of
one
month
,
all
their
husbands
being
before
sworne
not
for
that
time
to
haue
any
right
of
them
:
&
to
the
entent
the
maidens
,
that
preforming
the
publike
vowe
,
for
publike
good
,
should
not
be
hindred
thereby
,
their
should
be
a
decree
established
,
that
no
other
maide
should
be
contracted
and
ensured
to
any
husband
,
before
those
other
were
maryed
.
This
counsell
was
wel
alowed
,
as
in
the
which
,
prouision
seemed
to
be
made
a
meanes
both
for
the
performance
of
their
superstitious
vow
,
and
also
for
the
preseruation
of
the
chastity
of
their
virgins
,
whereupon
all
the
women
assembled
into
the
temple
of
Venus
,
so
gorgiously
and
costly
atyrued
,
as
euery
one
,
had
despite
against
the
other
who
might
best
exceede
.
Among
whom
,
Dennis
sent
his
men
of
warre
,
and
stripped
them
of
their
ornaments
,
conuerting
them
to
his
owne
gaine
and
profit
.
Some
of
their
husbands
,
whom
he
knew
to
be
wealthy
men
he
killed
,
some
of
the
women
he
put
to
torture
,
whereby
to
inforce
them
to
confesse
,
where
their
husbands
treasure
was
concealed
.
So
when
he
had
with
these
and
such
like
seuerall
subtilties
raigned
ful
sixe
years
,
the
Locrines
cloid
with
his
oppression
,
tooke
hart
and
conspired
against
him
,
and
Dennis
is
expulsed
.
so
preuailed
that
they
expelled
him
out
of
the
citty
,
from
whence
he
returned
into
Sicell
,
where
likewise
by
treason
,
no
man
mistrusting
an
alteration
,
after
so
long
continuance
of
peace
,
he
recouered
the
citty
Syracuse
.
But
while
he
was
busied
in
these
affaires
in
Sycill
:
in
Affricke
Hanno
Prince
of
Carthage
,
began
to
employ
his
riches
(
by
which
hee
surmounted
the
power
of
the
common-wealth
)
Hannos
conspiraci●●
against
Carthage
.
about
the
compassing
of
the
whole
soueraignty
,
entending
to
haue
slaine
the
senate
,
which
lettes
remoued
,
he
might
easily
aspier
to
be
king
:
for
the
performance
of
which
Tragedy
,
that
his
mischieuous
deuices
might
take
effect
without
suspition
,
and
so
consequently
without
reproofe
,
he
chose
the
certain
day
in
which
his
daughter
should
be
solemly
maried
,
so
that
vnder
the
collor
of
performing
his
vowes
at
her
matrymonsall
rightes
,
hee
might
the
easier
conclude
the
heigth
of
his
practise
.
And
therefore
he
prepared
a
feast
for
the
people
in
the
open
porches
and
galleries
of
the
Citty
;
But
for
the
senate
in
a
priuate
and
perticular
place
in
his
owne
house
,
making
this
an
assurance
in
himselfe
,
that
if
at
that
feast
he
could
poison
and
dispatch
the
senatours
to
their
graues
,
he
might
without
resistance
or
contradiction
,
vsurpe
vpon
the
common-wealth
,
being
destitute
of
her
patrons
and
defendors
.
Which
conspiracy
being
by
some
of
his
senators
,
whom
he
trusted
in
the
plot
discouered
to
the
Magistrates
,
the
mischiefe
was
auoided
but
not
punished
,
least
in
a
man
of
so
great
power
,
the
matter
being
partly
but
a
surmise
,
and
they
chiefe
of
the
proofe
so
much
his
inferiour
,
they
might
rather
draw
danger
then
withstand
it
,
being
therfore
contented
to
haue
preuented
him
of
his
purpose
,
they
made
a
decree
,
wherein
was
limitted
what
cost
shoulde
be
bestowed
vpon
mariages
,
straightly
charging
and
commanding
the
sam
to
be
obserued
,
not
of
any
one
man
in
especial
,
but
of
al
in
generall
;
to
the
intent
the
person
should
not
seem
to
be
noted
but
the
vices
rebuked
.
Hanno
being
by
this
deuice
preuented
,
stirred
the
bondmen
to
rebelion
,
and
hauing
determined
a
day
again
for
the
slaughter
of
the
senat
,
finding
him
&
his
purposes
the
second
time
circumuented
and
betra●d
,
fearing
also
to
bee
apprehended
and
arraigned
of
treason
,
he
fortified
himselfe
with
twentie
thousand
bondmen
well
armed
in
a
strong
Castel
,
where
while
hee
sollicited
the
Affricks
and
the
King
of
Mauritane
for
supply
,
being
lingred
off
with
delayes
,
and
the
senat
nowe
pursuing
reuenge
for
so
hainous
conspiracies
,
as
Hanno
is
taken
and
punished
.
they
iudged
tended
to
the
ruine
of
a
commonweale
,
and
dissolution
of
their
liberty
:
he
was
taken
,
first
whiped
,
then
his
eyes
pulled
out
,
his
armes
&
legs
broken
,
and
as
though
euery
member
,
had
for
some
seuerall
demeanor
&
offence
merited
a
contrary
punishment
,
they
were
seuerally
afflicted
.
Lastly
he
suffered
death
in
the
open
view
of
the
people
,
and
his
body
which
before
was
torne
with
scourges
,
was
hanged
to
rot
vppon
a
gibbet
.
Moreouer
his
sonnes
and
kinsmen
,
all
the
stocke
,
branches
,
name
,
or
generation
of
him
,
neuer
so
guitlesse
were
all
put
to
violent
execution
,
so
that
their
should
not
of
so
wicked
a
seed
remaine
an
impe
either
to
ensue
his
example
by
contriuing
the
like
treason
,
or
to
hope
for
a
time
to
reuenge
his
death
.
In
the
meane
time
Dennis
after
his
returne
and
possession
in
the
seate
of
Syracusa
,
persisted
and
studied
how
to
make
,
his
cruelties
,
tiranies
,
and
oppressions
more
sharp
and
pointed
,
against
the
Cittizens
,
so
that
they
again
Dennis
depo●●th
hims●lfe
were
inforced
to
besiege
him
,
which
so
forcibly
they
perceuerd
in
against
him
,
that
he
seeing
no
meanes
,
nor
hope
of
rescue
,
deposed
himselfe
,
and
yeilded
to
the
Syracusans
both
his
hold
and
his
hoast
,
and
receiuing
no
more
but
his
own
priuat
houshold
stuffe
he
was
dismist
from
thence
,
and
as
a
banished
man
betooke
himselfe
to
Corinth
,
where
thinking
now
in
this
deiection
the
basest
estate
to
be
the
surest
,
forgeting
the
dignity
of
a
K.
and
fruit
of
education
,
he
fell
to
a
most
filthy
and
loathsome
custome
of
liuing
,
for
hee
thoght
it
not
base
inough
to
be
a
continual
walker
vp
and
downe
the
streets
,
The
vile
and
loathsome
life
of
Dennis
.
and
a
companion
for
the
most
reprobates
,
vnlesse
he
were
bibing
in
euery
tippling
house
with
them
:
not
to
be
seene
in
Tauernes
,
and
Ale-hoases
,
but
to
frequent
and
sitte
still
therein
,
from
morning
till
noone
,
from
noone
till
night
:
he
held
it
no
contumely
to
brabble
with
euery
rascall
,
with
the
rable
of
people
,
as
we
vse
to
say
for
moone-shine
in
the
Water
.
He
was
a
companion
for
the
ragged
,
and
estemed
the
most
slouenliest
,
prouoking
men
to
laughter
,
rather
then
laugh
himselfe
:
he
would
vse
to
stande
gaping
and
gazing
in
the
Market
shambles
,
deuouring
with
his
eies
the
things
he
could
not
buy
with
his
mony
,
scold
with
bawdes
before
the
Worlde
,
and
in
fine
accustomed
,
and
accommodated
himselfe
,
in
no
wise
proper
,
but
to
that
inorderly
shape
,
might
make
him
seeme
woorthy
rather
to
be
despised
then
feared
.
Last
of
all
he
professed
himself
Schoole-maister
and
taught
children
,
in
a
thoroufare
,
to
the
intent
he
might
either
be
openly
seene
of
them
that
feared
him
,
or
els
might
the
easier
bring
himselfe
in
contempt
of
them
that
feared
him
not
.
For
albeit
his
former
and
whole
course
of
life
alwaies
abounded
in
tyranous
vices
,
yet
this
was
but
a
formal
counterfetting
of
former
qualities
and
no
naturall
disposition
,
he
studied
these
things
,
rather
of
pollicy
,
then
that
he
had
forgotten
his
royall
and
princely
behauiour
,
for
that
he
knew
by
proofe
,
how
hatefull
the
name
of
a
Tyrant
was
,
though
they
had
relinguished
their
power
,
and
distributed
their
riches
:
and
therefore
he
labored
to
take
away
the
enuy
of
thinges
past
,
by
bringing
himfelfe
in
a
contempt
for
his
present
demeanor
,
hauing
not
so
much
reguard
,
to
that
was
for
his
honor
as
what
was
for
the
preseu●tion
and
saueguard
of
his
life
:
yet
notwithstading
among
all
these
counterf●t
dissimulations
,
and
pollicies
,
he
was
thrise
accused
to
haue
endeuored
meanes
to
haue
made
himselfe
a
king
,
wherein
nothing
auailed
him
so
sure
for
his
aquitall
,
as
that
all
men
,
contemned
him
.
In
the
time
that
this
course
of
Dennis
had
such
successe
,
the
Carthageniens
hartily
troubled
,
with
the
prosperous
euentes
,
great
Alexander
had
in
all
the
warlike
affaires
he
vndertooke
,
and
doubting
least
where
he
had
conquered
the
kingdome
of
Persia
,
hee
would
also
adioyne
Affricke
thereunto
,
they
sent
Hamilcar
sur-named
Rhodanus
,
a
man
farre
passing
all
the
iudgments
of
his
time
in
wit
and
eloquence
,
to
sifte
and
gather
intelligence
what
he
intended
therein
,
for
it
greatly
increased
their
feare
,
and
gaue
them
manifest
cause
to
doubt
,
since
they
themselues
were
witnesses
,
that
their
mother
Citty
Tyrus
chiefe
authour
of
their
beginning
to
be
taken
,
and
the
citty
Alexandria
an
enemy
to
the
estate
of
Carthage
,
built
in
the
bounds
of
Affricke
&
Egypt
;
withall
,
the
fortunat
felicity
of
the
King
himselfe
,
whose
couetousnesse
,
and
prosperity
they
supposed
would
neuer
be
at
end
.
Hamilear
laboring
to
come
to
personall
speech
with
Alexander
,
attained
it
by
the
help
of
Parmenio
,
to
whom
,
he
faining
himselfe
to
be
exciled
his
countrey
,
he
was
fled
to
so
great
and
gratious
a
Monarch
for
succour
,
offering
his
seruice
as
a
priuat
souldier
in
his
wars
,
by
which
pollicy
hauing
from
time
to
time
perfect
instructions
,
of
the
kinges
proceedings
and
purposes
,
he
aduertised
his
countreymen
thereof
in
tables
of
wood
co●ered
ouer
with
plaine
waxe
:
notwithstanding
which
seruice
,
and
indeede
preseruation
of
carthage
,
after
the
death
of
Alexander
when
he
returned
home
,
the
Senat
not
only
suffered
him
to
escape
vnrewarded
,
but
most
cruelly
put
him
to
death
,
suggesting
hee
went
about
to
chaleng
as
his
due
to
be
king
of
the
Citty
.
The
ende
of
the
xxi
.
Booke
.
The
xxij
booke
of
Iustine
.
THE
ARGVMENT
.
AGathocles
riseth
from
a
very
base
degree
as
it
were
by
steps
,
to
the
kingdome
of
Sycill
.
He
vrgeth
violent
cruelty
vpon
the
confederates
of
the
Carthagenians
,
by
the
permission
of
Hamilcar
,
by
whose
death
the
secret
iudgemente
,
intended
against
the
Carthagenians
is
preuented
.
Agathocles
is
besieged
by
Hamilcar
the
sonne
of
Gysgo
.
He
remoueth
the
warre
into
Affricke
,
ouercommeth
the
Carthagine
,
which
causeth
them
to
revolt
to
his
side
.
He
killeth
the
king
of
Cyren
,
ouercommeth
the
Carthageneans
againe
.
He
raiseth
the
siege
before
syracusa
,
he
is
receiued
in
a
mutiny
.
He
is
ouercome
through
rashnesse
,
for
saketh
all
his
forces
and
his
children
,
who
suffereth
death
for
his
sake
.
Lastly
,
hee
concludeth
a
peacewith
the
Carthagenians
in
Cycill
.
AGathocles
the
Tyrant
succeeded
Dennis
in
the
kingdome
of
Sycill
,
who
ascended
to
the
maiesty
of
that
seat
,
not
by
degree
and
dignity
of
desent
,
neither
worthily
by
desart
:
for
he
was
by
birth
a
potters
sonne
in
Sycill
,
and
one
who
The
life
of
Agathocles
imbrast
no
more
honesty
in
his
child-hod
,
then
there
was
honor
in
the
stock
of
his
ancestours
.
For
being
of
fauour
and
personage
exceding
beautifull
,
he
suffred
the
better
hope
and
fruit
of
his
youth
,
to
be
wasted
in
detestible
incest
,
and
being
arriued
to
further
and
stronger
years
,
he
turned
his
lustfull
condition
and
practise
of
life
,
from
men
to
women
:
so
that
being
defamed
,
and
detested
,
for
being
slaue
to
twoe
such
abhominable
vices
,
he
altred
the
trade
of
his
so
liuing
and
fel
to
robery
.
In
processe
of
time
he
came
to
Siracuse
,
into
which
Citty
he
was
entertained
as
amongst
other
inhabyters
,
where
though
he
liued
,
yet
liued
he
either
without
credit
or
estimation
,
and
was
accounted
of
as
one
whose
desperat
stay
without
himselfe
,
had
nothing
to
loose
,
nor
virtue
in
himselfe
worthy
to
be
loued
.
At
length
he
obtained
the
roome
of
a
mercenary
souldier
,
and
looke
how
dishonest
he
was
in
his
life
before
,
euen
as
seditious
was
he
in
his
actions
then
,
so
forward
to
further
mutines
,
that
he
was
held
a
president
for
others
to
practtise
mischiefe
by
:
that
which
was
held
praise
worthy
in
him
,
he
was
of
body
strong
,
and
of
speech
eloquent
,
so
that
endeuoring
from
one
preferment
to
another
,
he
was
at
last
made
Captaine
of
a
hundred
men
,
wherein
he
so
disged
his
commaunde
,
that
he
was
immediately
after
made
Marshall
of
the
hoast
.
In
the
first
battell
which
he
waged
against
the
Actneans
,
he
so
behaued
himselfe
,
that
he
gaue
the
Siracusans
great
proofe
to
cherish
in
their
thoughts
,
a
hopefull
expectation
of
his
future
towardnes
.
In
the
next
occasion
ministred
him
,
against
the
Campaignes
,
he
so
perseuerd
in
his
Noble
disposition
,
and
prooued
so
fortunate
in
his
Martiall
Discipline
,
that
from
a
present
opinion
was
conceined
of
him
through
the
whole
army
,
he
was
by
a
generall
voyce
substituted
in
the
Office
of
the
grand
Captaine
of
Damasco
deceased
,
with
whose
wife
he
had
committed
adultry
,
and
after
married
.
But
being
not
contented
from
so
base
birth
to
haue
so
suddaine
greatnesse
,
from
so
little
riches
to
attaine
so
much
&
thirsty
after
more
,
he
execercised
rouing
on
the
Sea
against
his
owne
Countrey
,
for
which
piracy
hee
escapt
vnpunished
,
by
reason
his
associates
being
taken
and
put
to
torture
stoode
out
to
the
death
,
without
confession
of
any
action
of
him
.
Twice
he
practised
to
haue
made
himself
a
King
of
Syracusa
,
and
twice
was
banished
and
dismist
Aga●hocles
be
〈◊〉
Syracusa
.
of
his
ambitious
purpose
.
The
Murgantines
,
among
whom
hee
was
entertained
and
liued
in
the
time
of
his
exise
,
created
him
first
their
Pretor
,
and
afterward
their
Captaine
,
and
in
the
first
Warre
he
vndertooke
for
them
,
he
fact
the
citty
of
the
Leontines
,
and
besieged
the
Citty
Siracusa
:
to
the
rescue
and
reliefe
whereof
,
Hamilcar
captaine
of
the
carthagenians
being
requested
to
come
,
he
forgot
all
former
enmity
and
inueterat
hatred
against
them
,
&
sent
thither
a
power
of
his
souldiors
in
their
asistance
.
So
that
at
one
instant
this
citty
Syracusa
was
defended
friendly
by
an
enemie
,
and
siercely
assaulted
by
their
own
cittizens
.
But
Agathocles
hauing
made
tryal
that
the
town
was
more
manfully
made
good
then
assaulted
,
directed
a
Pursiuant
to
Hamilcar
,
requiring
him
in
this
behalfe
,
to
arbitrate
the
difference
,
so
long
continued
between
him
and
the
Syracusans
,
and
for
the
determination
of
a
peace
betweene
them
:
promising
him
,
if
euer
occasion
should
affoord
it self
for
him
to
do
the
like
,
he
would
not
be
slack
to
recompence
his
labors
,
and
gratifie
his
kindnes
.
Wherupon
Hamilcar
being
filled
with
hope
,
entred
into
league
with
him
,
to
this
effect
,
that
how
much
he
furthered
Agathocles
in
strength
against
the
Syracusans
,
so
much
s●ould
Agathocles
satisfie
him
withall
,
to
the
expedition
of
his
aduancement
,
at
home
in
owne
Countrey
:
by
meanes
of
Composition
betweene
Ha
milear
and
Agathocles
.
this
composition
,
Agathocles
was
not
onely
reconciled
to
the
Syracusans
,
but
also
was
made
Pretor
of
the
citty
;
at
the
confirming
of
this
league
betwixte
Agathocles
,
and
Hamilcar
,
the
holy
fiers
and
the
tapers
were
brought
forth
,
wherupon
Agathocles
laying
his
hand
,
sware
before
Hamilcar
to
become
his
loyall
friend
,
and
true
subiect
to
the
Carthagenians
.
Vpon
this
coniunction
receiuing
of
Hamilcar
5.
M.
Affriks
,
he
put
to
death
all
the
Nobility
,
such
who
His
cru●ltye
against
the
Syracusans
either
before
had
bin
his
opposits
&
withstood
his
proceedings
,
or
were
in
place
and
greatest
authority
in
the
citty
,
and
then
as
it
were
to
reforme
or
new
ioynt
the
common-weal●h
,
he
commaunded
the
people
to
assemble
before
him
in
the
Theater
,
and
gathered
the
senators
into
the
counsel-house
,
pretending
that
he
intended
to
inact
some
present
decree
of
their
publike
good
:
which
being
performed
,
they
not
suspecting
what
he
intended
,
they
were
by
his
souldiers
laid
in
ambush
besiegd
,
where
himselfe
fell
to
the
slaughter
of
the
Senators
,
which
massacre
being
finished
,
he
spared
not
the
liues
also
of
such
of
the
commons
as
were
the
wealthiest
and
forwardest
persons
,
but
hauing
compassed
what
cruelty
soeuer
hee
thought
tended
to
his
aduantage
,
or
might
make
his
estate
secure
,
he
mustred
souldiors
and
raysed
an
Army
,
with
which
being
strengthned
,
he
suddainely
inuaded
the
neighbor
Citties
,
knowinge
their
Hostill
preparations
not
able
to
in
dammage
him
;
so
that
by
the
furtherance
and
permission
of
Hamilcar
,
without
resistance
he
brought
evident
misery
to
the
nearest
borderers
and
greatest
friends
of
the
Carthagenians
.
For
redresse
of
which
,
they
made
complaint
to
the
Senat
of
Carth●ge
,
not
so
much
of
Agathocles
as
Hamilcar
;
accusing
the
one
but
as
a
Lordly
●yrant
,
though
the
other
as
a
pernicious
traitor
,
by
whome
they
were
solde
by
bargaine
to
the
vttermost
enemy
of
their
estate
,
to
whom
(
at
the
beginning
)
The
com●●●●●●
of
the
〈◊〉
.
for
confirmation
of
the
said
composition
,
there
was
deliuered
vp
Sir●cusa
,
a
Citty
and
people
that
had
remained
ancient
enemies
to
the
Affricks
,
and
enuiers
of
the
weal
and
prosperity
of
the
Carthagenians
,
alwaies
contending
with
them
for
the
Empire
of
Sicill
,
and
nowe
vnder
a
colourable
or
rather
counterfet
pretence
of
peace
,
which
Hamilcar
had
taken
with
them
,
they
might
see
by
the
example
of
them
their
friends
and
neighbors
,
and
by
their
calamity
existent
,
themselues
should
be
betraid
into
the
like
bondage
,
if
not
prouidently
and
discreetly
preuented
:
wherefore
like
friends
they
gaue
them
warning
,
that
peace
was
sometimes
made
more
for
policy
then
prosperity
,
more
to
procure
a
mischiefe
then
preuent
it
:
that
their
neighbors
house
so
neare
a
fier
,
giues
them
light
to
be
carefull
of
their
own
:
and
that
they
snuld
suspect
what
danger
might
come
on
their
owne
counttey
of
Affricke
,
since
it
is
too
plaine
to
them
,
what
hapned
to
the
poore
Island
of
Sicill
.
By
meanes
of
these
complaints
,
the
Senate
was
highly
mooued
to
displesure
againste
Hamilcar
:
but
forasmuch
as
hee
was
in
Office
of
so
great
commaund
,
they
gaue
their
iudgement
vppon
him
priuately
,
commaundinge
their
verdits
before
they
should
be
read
to
his
correction
,
to
be
cast
in
a
pot
togither
,
and
there
to
be
seald
vp
,
and
the
execution
therof
to
be
suspended
,
till
that
the
other
Hamylcar
the
sonne
of
Gisgo
,
were
returnd
out
of
Sicill
.
But
Hamilcar
dying
,
preuented
the
yssue
of
their
subtill
deuices
and
vnknowne
Hamilcar
is
condemned
of
treason
.
verdits
of
the
Carthagenians
,
and
so
he
was
deliuered
from
the
violence
of
one
death
by
the
benefite
of
another
:
whome
his
owne
Countreymen
had
wrongfully
condemned
vpon
a
bare
suggestion
,
without
hearing
of
his
answere
.
At
which
vnaduisednes
of
theirs
,
Agathocles
took
occasion
to
make
warre
vpon
the
Carthagenians
,
and
at
the
first
encounter
that
he
had
,
was
against
He
dyeth
.
Hamilcar
the
sonne
of
Gisgo
,
of
whom
being
vanquished
,
he
returned
to
Siracusa
,
to
raise
a
greater
power
,
and
so
renew
the
battaile
:
But
in
the
second
aduenture
,
his
fortune
proued
like
to
the
first
,
so
that
the
Carthagenians
hauing
thus
farre
the
vpper-hand
,
besieged
Syracusa
:
When
Agathocles
perceiuing
he
was
now
so
sore
weakened
by
this
late
successe
,
neither
of
power
to
remooue
them
,
nor
any
way
sufficiently
furnished
to
linger
or
indure
out
the
siege
:
and
that
moreouer
his
owne
confederates
murmuring
at
his
former
cruelties
,
daily
forsooke
him
;
he
determined
to
remooue
his
warres
into
Affricke
:
wherein
his
audacity
was
wonderfull
that
hee
shoulde
enterprize
to
make
forraine
Warres
against
the
Citty
of
them
,
whom
he
was
not
able
to
resist
and
incumber
at
home
,
and
that
being
not
able
to
defende
his
owne
,
he
would
giue
the
onset
to
indamage
others
.
But
that
being
vanquished
he
might
proudely
vaunt
,
thus
much
he
had
done
to
the
displeasure
of
his
Conquerors
,
or
else
raise
one
siege
by
the
setting
of
another
.
The
concealing
of
this
purpose
,
was
as
wonderfull
as
the
deuice
thereof
,
for
neither
his
commaunders
,
nor
other
could
learne
or
be
instructed
otherwaies
from
him
,
but
that
he
had
inuented
a
stratigem
,
ascertaind
him
of
the
victory
,
incouraging
them
to
rouze
vp
one
another
hartes
as
he
indeuored
to
quicken
them
all
,
for
the
siedge
should
not
belonge
;
or
else
,
if
there
were
any
,
had
not
the
hart
to
abide
the
aduenture
of
the
present
estate
,
but
were
wearied
with
the
delay
thereof
,
to
them
he
assigned
free
lyberty
to
depatt
,
counting
himselfe
happy
to
be
discharged
of
those
,
whose
fealty
and
merit
he
could
neither
hope
for
,
nor
trust
vnto
,
and
whose
bodies
he
inioyed
without
their
harts
.
Wherupon
hauing
dismist
a
thousand
&
six
hundred
,
he
furnished
the
rest
that
remained
,
with
victuall
,
artillery
,
and
wages
,
according
as
he
thought
fit
,
and
the
estate
of
the
siedge
required
.
He
tooke
with
himselfe
,
and
to
spend
for
his
prouision
,
but
fifty
Talents
,
thinking
it
better
if
need
should
so
require
,
to
furnish
himselfe
from
the
riches
of
his
enemies
then
to
impouerish
his
subiects
.
He
then
set
at
liberty
al
the
bondmen
,
that
were
of
yeares
meet
for
the
Warres
,
and
taking
an
oath
seucrally
of
them
,
to
continue
their
alleageance
to
him
,
hee
shipped
the
most
part
of
them
,
among
the
rest
of
his
souldiors
,
hoping
that
for
asmuchas
he
had
made
them
all
one
in
estate
and
degree
,
there
would
be
no
kinde
of
strife
among
them
who
in
desart
should
behaue
himselfe
most
manfully
;
all
the
rest
being
left
to
the
defence
of
his
Country
.
The
seuenth
yeare
of
his
raign
acompanied
with
his
two
sonnes
,
Archagathus
and
Heraclida
,
he
directed
his
course
into
Affricke
,
and
when
all
his
men
supposed
,
he
intended
they
shuld
haue
gone
forraging
and
seeking
pray
either
into
Italy
,
or
in
the
I
le
of
Sardinia
,
〈…〉
.
he
neuer
acquainted
them
whether
nor
wherabout
he
iournied
,
till
he
had
landed
his
whole
hoast
in
Affrick
:
wher
then
he
began
demonstratiuely
to
tell
them
in
what
daunger
Syracusa
stood
,
and
particularly
to
explain
the
griefes
that
were
falling
on
that
Citty
,
and
the
heads
of
his
people
:
for
the
helpe
whereof
,
there
remained
none
other
meanes
,
but
to
endeuour
the
same
affliction
to
the
enemy
that
he
had
done
vnto
them
,
for
warres
abroad
were
otherwaies
to
bee
handled
,
and
oftentimes
prooue
more
auaileable
then
defence
at
home
,
since
the
hope
to
get
,
stirres
vp
the
soule
of
courage
more
then
care
to
keepe
,
and
the
assiedgers
come
with
an
imboldned
hope
,
when
the
besiedged
are
either
distracted
with
a
suddaine
amazement
,
or
terri●ied
with
an
vnexpected
feare
.
That
at
home
we
haue
no
other
refuge
but
our
owne
,
nor
succor
but
our selues
,
when
this
enemy
may
be
vanquished
by
her
owne
power
,
by
the
subiects
adherents
,
nay
euen
of
hir selfe
.
For
no
Empire
how
euer
so
well
husbanded
,
that
nourisheth
not
Weeds
with
flowers
,
tares
with
better
corne
,
traitors
with
subiects
,
that
imbosomes
not
in
it
,
prodigies
of
youth
,
such
whome
ryot
hath
wasted
,
seeming
male-contents
,
the
disperatnesse
of
whose
estates
,
makes
them
abuse
the
order
of
gouernment
,
and
raile
at
time
,
being
apt
to
entertaine
newes
of
any
vprore
or
mischiefe
,
as
hunger
makes
them
dcsirous
to
eate
,
that
honors
not
discontented
nobles
,
such
whom
either
ambition
in
themselues
,
or
enuy
of
others
greatnesse
,
or
in
alleagiance
to
the
state
,
(
like
reedes
shaken
with
occasion
giuen
by
euery
wind
)
and
are
as
greedy
of
innouation
,
as
their
ambition
makes
them
couetous
of
greatnesse
.
To
such
as
these
will
our
arriuall
giue
sire
vnto
,
who
though
in
peace
they
haue
bin
raigned
in
with
the
bridle
of
law
,
(
wearied
with
along
continned
Empire
they
will
now
take
hands
and
pertake
our
quarrel
,
though
furthered
with
no
other
hope
thereunto
,
but
that
they
shal
be
worthily
aduansed
by
forraigne
Princes
,
then
their
desart
gaue
them
occasion
to
rise
by
their
owne
.
Besides
the
citties
and
castels
of
Affricke
,
are
not
enuironed
with
walles
,
nor
scituate
in
Mountaines
,
but
raised
vpon
plaine
ground
,
in
open
&
champion
fields
,
without
any
munition
or
defence
.
All
which
for
feare
of
being
destroyed
,
or
to
take
part
with
those
of
their
countrey
,
(
ofall
forts
come
into
vs
)
will
easely
be
intreated
,
or
if
not
,
inforced
to
be
our
refuge
in
this
warre
;
with
all
the
enuy
that
their
bordering
neighbours
beare
vnto
them
,
knowing
them
now
greater
in
name
then
in
power
,
will
assemble
to
vs
from
all
parts
in
their
ruine
.
So
shall
wee
finding
greater
strength
here
then
we
had
power
to
bring
with
vs
,
be
able
to
giue
the
Carthagenians
hotter
warres
in
Affricke
at
their
owne
doores
,
then
in
Sicill
when
they
inuaded
vs
.
Moreouer
,
their
suddaine
feare
wil
be
no
small
furtherance
of
victory
,
when
they
shal
consider
our
wonderfull
boldnes
,
in
comming
thus
to
besiedge
them
being
besiedged
our selues
;
and
also
for
the
encrease
of
the
same
,
shall
tremblingly
behold
,
the
burning
of
their
villages
,
the
beating
down
of
their
Castles
and
holdes
,
the
sacking
of
their
fortisied
citties
,
and
finally
the
besiedging
of
Carthage
it selfe
.
Where
on
the
contrary
,
if
we
had
staied
in
siracusa
we
had
remained
in
danger
ofthose
enemies
,
whom
now
we
shall
compell
to
feele
,
lye
themselues
as
open
to
the
waires
of
other
men
,
as
other
men
lie
open
to
them
;
and
either
by
this
meanes
be
vanquishers
of
Carthage
,
or
at
least
set
Sicill
at
liberry
:
since
it
is
likely
and
the
presumption
great
,
that
our
enemies
will
not
lie
still
at
their
siedge
before
siracusa
,
when
they
shall
heare
that
their
owne
citty
is
so
endangered
by
vs
,
or
if
they
should
,
here
is
warre
more
easie
,
and
here
will
our
prey
be
more
plentifull
.
Suppose
in
this
our
absence
they
should
conquer
our
siracusa
;
in
that
they
gaine
but
siracusa
,
when
if
we
in
their
neglect
by
honor
of
their
Carthage
,
gaine
for
that
labour
and
by
that
victory
to
be
gouernors
of
Carthage
,
Affricke
,
and
sicill
,
and
the
glory
of
our
renowne
and
out
honorable
waifare
be
so
great
,
that
obliuion
shall
not
raze
it
out
,
nor
the
worthy
memory
thereof
,
while
the
world
hath
being
be
forgotten
.
Where
reproofe
and
dishonor
will
succeede
on
them
and
their
inheritance
,
that
they
should
be
the
men
should
raise
warre
against
enemies
a
broad
,
whom
they
could
not
withstand
at
home
,
and
should
we
faile
in
these
noble
disseignes
,
it
is
honor
enough
for
vs
that
we
pursued
so
far
against
our
conquerors
as
to
besiedge
the
besiedgers
of
our
citty
.
So
that
howsoeuer
,
we
cannot
haue
a
greater
reward
if
we
be
victors
,
nor
a
more
euerlasting
monument
if
we
be
ouercome
.
With
these
and
such
like
inforciue
arguments
,
the
harts
of
his
souldiors
were
greatly
incouraged
,
yet
the
sight
of
a
wonder
that
hapened
,
troubled
their
mindes
,
for
as
they
sailed
forwarde
in
this
expedition
,
the
Sunne
was
sodainely
ecclipsed
,
of
which
accident
the
King
was
as
carefull
to
giue
them
A●●●●●pse
o●
the
S●●n●
〈◊〉
the
●nter
●●●●non
●●●●●of
.
satissieng
reasons
,
as
perswasiue
motiues
to
the
warr
;
affirming
,
that
if
it
had
hapned
before
their
setting
foorth
,
it
might
haue
bin
coniectured
the
wonder
had
menaced
them
and
their
proceedings
,
but
now
forasmuch
as
it
ensued
after
their
purpose
vndertaken
,
it
threatned
them
against
whom
they
went.
Furthermore
,
the
Ecclipsing
of
the
naturall
Plannets
,
fore-tell
the
alteration
of
present
estates
,
or
of
dangerous
euents
.
Wherefore
of
this
Ecclips
was
no
other
reason
to
be
sought
,
but
that
the
estate
of
Cart●age
flourishing
in
wealth
and
riches
,
and
his
and
their
estates
oppressed
with
aduersity
,
●●ey
must
togither
suffer
a
natural
Exchange
.
When
he
had
thus
comforted
his
souldiors
,
by
the
consent
ofhis
Army
,
he
set
all
his
snips
on
fire
,
Aga●hocl●s
●●er●th
his
s●●p●
.
to
the
intent
,
that
with
his
,
euery
resolution
might
know
,
there
was
no
comfort
after
to
be
expected
by
flying
,
but
by
sight
,
so
either
honorablye
to
line
Conquerors
,
or
honorably
to
die
Conquered
;
so
presently
they
fell
to
preuaile
in
that
ruine
they
came
for
,
bearing
down
and
making
spoyle
of
all
which
way
soeuer
they
past
,
setting
townes
and
Castels
afire
,
till
Hanno
captaine
of
Carthage
met
them
with
thirty
thousand
Affricks
.
In
which
encounter
was
slaine
of
the
Sicillians
two
thousand
,
and
of
the
Carthagenians
three
,
and
Hanno
Captain
of
Carthage
himselfe
.
Through
this
victory
the
courage
of
the
Sicillians
was
strengthned
,
and
the
heartes
of
the
Carthagenians
discouraged
;
so
that
Agathocles
hauing
vanquished
many
ofhis
enemies
,
subdued
Citties
,
taken
holds
,
surprized
booties
,
and
slaine
thousands
,
he
pitched
his
campe
about
v.
miles
from
Carthage
,
to
the
intent
they
might
behold
from
the
very
wals
of
the
Citty
,
the
misery
of
their
friends
,
the
losse
of
their
dearest
and
most
esteemed
pleasures
,
with
the
wasting
of
their
fieldes
,
and
burning
of
their
Villages
.
This
ouerthrow
and
slaughter
of
the
Carthagenian
Army
,
the
subduing
of
the
Citties
,
and
hauocke
that
was
made
,
was
in
this
time
bruted
ouer
al
Affricke
,
whereat
euery
man
was
amazed
,
and
wondred
so
great
an
Empire
,
so
secure
in
themselues
,
and
in
their
owne
strength
so
confident
,
should
haue
so
suddaine
an
ouerthrowe
,
and
especially
by
an
enemy
,
supposed
and
rumored
among
them
not
long
since
,
to
be
already
vanquished
.
The
wonder
continued
not
long
ere
it
turned
to
feare
,
from
feare
,
by
little
and
little
it
fel
into
disdaine
of
the
Carthagenians
,
so
that
these
,
which
but
lately
commended
their
gouernments
,
admired
their
posterity
,
iudged
now
this
their
misery
,
a
due
measure
falne
vpon
them
;
and
what
before
was
so
highly
extold
in
their
praise
,
they
had
now
a
construction
for
to
wrest
and
expounde
to
a
contrary
sence
:
so
that
not
long
after
(
as
when
a
building
once
reeles
,
being
not
vnderpropped
,
it
soone
and
suddainly
fals
)
not
onely
Affricke
,
but
also
the
chiefe●t
Citties
therabouts
,
following
this
strange
alteration
reuolted
to
〈…〉
Agath●●les
,
and
aided
him
both
with
victual
and
money
.
Besides
these
aduersities
of
the
Carthagenians
,
to
the
increase
of
their
miserable
calamities
,
it
hapned
their
Captain
,
with
allhis
army
was
vtterly
destroyed
in
Sycill
.
For
after
the
departure
of
Agathocles
,
the
Carthageniens
became
more
slothfull
&
negligent
in
their
siedg
at
Syracuse
then
before
,
which
neglect
,
Antander
the
brother
of
Agathocles
taking
note
of
,
he
yssued
out
vpon
them
,
and
being
surprised
in
their
slacknesse
,
he
put
them
all
to
the
sword
.
So
that
the
carthageniens
,
receiuing
like
misfortunes
abroad
as
at
home
,
and
the
tributary
citties
hauing
intelligence
thereof
,
not
onely
they
but
also
the
kings
that
were
in
league
and
amety
with
them
,
waying
friendship
by
fortune
,
The
king
of
Cy●en
〈◊〉
to
Agathocles
.
and
not
by
faithfulnesse
,
reuolted
from
them
.
Among
this
number
there
was
one
Ophellas
King
of
cyrene
,
who
vpon
an
ambitious
desire
to
enioy
the
dominion
of
all
Affricke
,
entred
into
league
with
Agathocles
by
his
Ambassadors
,
and
had
conditioned
with
him
,
that
after
the
carthageniens
were
ouercome
,
Agathocles
should
take
to
his
sway
the
Empire
of
Sycill
,
and
delegat
to
him
the
Empire
of
Affricke
.
To
the
furtherance
of
which
couenant
,
Ophellas
came
with
a
great
host
to
ayde
him
in
these
warres
,
whom
Agathocles
entertained
with
faire
words
and
fained
curtesie
,
very
lowly
and
humbly
(
for
Ophellas
also
had
adopted
him
his
sonne
)
where
after
they
had
many
times
feasted
and
banqueted
together
,
Agathocles
vnawares
slew
him
,
then
seising
on
his
army
,
he
summoned
the
carthageniens
to
battell
:
so
both
comming
into
the
field
,
with
all
the
power
and
furniture
they
were
able
to
make
,
the
carthagenians
were
vanquished
,
but
not
without
great
slaughter
and
bloodshed
drawne
from
both
parts
.
Throgh
this
discomfiture
and
ouerthrow
,
the
carthagenians
many
of
them
fell
in
to
distrust
of
themselues
,
so
that
had
there
not
arose
a
mutinye
in
Agathocles
campe
,
Bomilcar
the
captaine
of
the
carthageniens
had
with
his
army
reuolted
vnto
him
:
for
which
offence
the
carthageniens
nailed
him
vpon
a
crosse
in
the
midest
of
the
market
place
,
to
the
entent
that
the
same
ground
might
be
The
punishment
of
Bomilcar
a
witnesse
of
his
punishment
,
which
before
time
had
beene
an
aduancement
of
his
honor
.
But
Bomilcar
was
no
whit
daunted
nor
dismaid
,
but
took
stoutly
the
cruelty
of
his
contrey
,
in
so
much
that
from
the
top
of
the
crosse
,
as
it
had
beene
from
a
iudgement
seate
,
he
proclaimed
and
pleaded
like
an
aduocate
against
the
wickednesse
of
his
cittizens
;
obiecting
vnto
them
sometime
their
vnrightfull
entrapping
of
Hanno
,
vpon
false
suspition
subborned
,
that
he
went
about
to
make
himselfe
a
king
;
sometime
the
banishment
of
innocent
Gisgo
,
when
themselues
could
scarce
tell
the
cause
why
:
sometime
their
secret
verdits
against
his
vncle
Hamilcar
,
because
he
sought
to
make
Agathocles
their
friend
rather
then
maintain
him
to
be
their
enemy
.
Which
words
when
he
had
vtred
with
a
loud
voice
and
great
vehemency
in
the
audience
of
a
multitude
,
he
gaue
vp
his
life
.
By
this
Agathocles
hauing
sundry
times
put
his
enemies
to
the
worse
in
Affricke
,
he
deliuered
the
charge
of
his
host
to
his
sonne
Archagathus
,
and
returned
himselfe
with
speede
into
Sycill
,
accounting
all
that
till
then
he
had
perpetrated
in
Affricke
subiect
to
imperious
vicissitude
,
and
indeed
don
to
no
Agathocles
againe
returneth
to
Sycil
purpose
,
if
siracuse
were
stil
besiedged
.
For
after
that
Hamilcar
the
sonne
of
Gisgo
was
slain
,
the
Carthageniens
sent
thether
a
new
host
of
men
to
continue
their
siedge
and
releeue
them
.
Therefore
assoone
as
Agathocles
was
come
into
Sicil
,
al
the
citties
hauing
knowne
before
of
his
fortunate
proceedings
in
Affricke
,
yeelded
themselues
to
him
;
by
meanes
whereof
,
Hauing
driuen
the
Carthageniens
out
of
Sicill
he
tooke
vpon
him
the
kingdome
of
the
whole
Island
.
When
he
came
backe
into
Affricke
againe
,
his
souldiors
instead
of
other
gladnesse
welcommed
him
with
a
mutiny
,
for
his
sonne
Archagathus
whom
he
left
for
gouernment
of
them
,
had
delaide
the
paiment
of
their
lendinges
vntill
the
returne
of
his
father
:
wherefore
he
called
them
before
him
,
and
intreated
them
with
gentle
words
,
saying
it
was
not
so
requisit
for
them
to
demaund
wages
at
his
hands
,
as
to
seek
from
their
enemies
:
for
as
the
victory
which
they
hoped
for
,
was
to
be
deserued
of
al
,
so
the
profit
ther
of
should
be
common
and
extended
to
all
in
generall
,
desiring
them
to
be
as
they
had
bene
,
painefull
and
industrous
souldiors
awhile
,
vntill
the
remaine
of
their
warres
were
dispatched
,
considering
they
knew
certainly
that
Carthage
once
taken
,
which
could
not
long
hold
out
,
they
should
there
find
inough
to
satisfie
their
desires
,
with
more
then
they
could
hope
for
.
Hauing
thus
appeased
the
vprore
&
exclamations
of
his
souldiors
,
which
he
indged
to
grow
as
much
by
idlenesse
and
slacke
imployment
in
his
absence
,
as
for
want
of
meanes
.
within
few
daies
he
remooued
his
camp●nearer
,
where
his
enemies
were
lodged
,
so
rashly
encountring
them
without
A●●tho●l●s
by
〈◊〉
●he
〈◊〉
an
〈◊〉
.
forsight
what
might
preuaile
to
his
vantage
,
or
disaduantage
,
lost
the
greater
part
of
his
Army
:
then
being
forced
to
retire
vnto
his
tents
,
he
perceiued
by
this
ouerthrowe
,
how
his
souldiors
grudged
at
him
,
for
aduenturing
so
vnaduisedly
:
fearing
morouer
the
renewing
of
old
displeasure
for
non-pa●ment
of
their
wages
,
in
the
dead
of
the
night
he
fled
out
of
the
campe
,
taking
He
〈◊〉
from
among
his
souldiors
no
other
guide
nor
conduct
with
him
,
but
his
sonne
Archagathus
.
Which
escape
of
his
when
his
souldiors
vnderstood
,
their
harts
were
struck
with
an
inuincible
feare
,
as
if
they
had
bin
taken
prisoners
by
their
enemies
,
exclaiming
against
their
King
,
that
had
now
twice
forsaken
them
in
the
middest
of
their
enemies
,
and
left
their
liues
in
such
daunger
,
whome
he
ought
not
to
haue
left
discarded
.
As
they
set
forward
in
pursuit
of
him
,
they
were
stopped
by
the
Numidians
,
and
so
returned
into
their
campe
,
hauing
taken
Archagathus
,
who
had
lost
his
father
by
reason
of
the
darknes
of
the
night
;
while
Agathocles
in
the
same
ships
that
he
had
waftage
ouer
out
of
Sicil
,
was
transported
into
Syracuse
.
Wherein
is
exprest
a
singuiar
example
of
wickednes
,
a
King
to
be
forsaken
of
his
owne
Army
,
and
a
father
to
be
betraid
of
his
own
children
.
After
the
flying
away
of
the
King
,
his
souldiors
falling
to
composition
with
the
Affricans
their
enemies
,
they
slue
Agathocles
sons
,
and
yeelded
themselus
to
the
Carthagenians
.
When
Archagathus
was
to
suffer
death
by
the
hands
of
Archesilaus
one
that
before
time
had
bin
a
friend
to
his
father
,
he
asked
him
what
Agathocles
would
do
to
his
children
,
by
whom
he
was
made
childles
.
The
sonnes
of
Agathocles
put
to
death
.
Who
answerd
him
,
that
it
was
inough
for
him
that
he
knew
they
were
aliue
after
the
children
of
Agathocles
.
After
this
the
Carthagenians
sent
Captaines
into
Sicill
to
pursue
further
Warre
,
with
whom
Agathocles
made
peace
vppon
indifferent
Articles
.
The
ende
of
the
xxij
.
Booke
.
THE
XXIII
.
BOOKE
OF
Iustine
.
THE
ARGVMENT
.
AGathocles
raiseth
warres
in
Italy
.
The
customes
of
the
Lucanes
.
The
originall
of
the
Brutians
.
The
miserable
end
of
Agathocles
.
Lhe
carthagenians
inuade
Sicill
.
Pyrrhus
driueth
them
out
,
and
returneth
into
Italy
,
whereupon
Sycill
reuolteth
.
He
is
discomfited
by
the
Romaines
,
retireth
with
great
losse
and
dishonor
into
his
kingdome
.
The
birth
,
education
,
and
wor●hye
commendation
of
Hiero.
AGathocles
King
of
Sycill
hauing
made
peace
with
the
Carthageniens
,
subdued
certaine
which
vpon
trust
they
conceiued
of
their
owne
strength
rebelled
against
him
,
hereupon
his
ambitious
thoughts
●egan
to
sprout
,
and
hee
Agathocles
maketh
war
in
Italy
.
thought
himselfe
to
be
enclosed
in
a
straight
hauing
no
larger
dominion
then
that
Iland
,
(
of
the
Empire
whereof
at
his
orginall
,
nay
long
after
he
had
not
meanes
to
hope
for
any
part
or
supremicy
at
al
)
he
passed
into
Sicill
following
the
example
of
Dennis
,
who
before
him
had
subdued
many
Citties
of
Italy
.
The
first
people
and
prouince
he
proclaimed
his
enemies
were
the
Brutians
,
who
were
then
esteemed
to
be
of
most
puissance
and
most
wealth
,
and
also
most
readiest
to
inforce
wrong
or
offer
their
neighbours
oppression
.
For
they
had
expulst
out
of
many
cities
the
people
of
the
Greekes
descent
,
and
rast
forth
the
record
of
their
habitation
in
Italy
:
they
had
also
vanquished
euen
their
owne
first
founders
.
The
Lucanes
vpheld
a
custome
,
to
enstruct
and
bring
vp
their
children
,
after
the
same
antient
manner
the
Lacedomonians
were
wont
to
do
,
for
from
the
time
they
begun
to
encrease
past
the
groath
of
children
,
they
sent
them
(
what
cittizens
soeuer
they
wer
)
to
be
fostred
in
the
countrey
amongst
Grasiers
and
shephards
,
without
attendance
or
seruice
,
and
without
garments
to
put
on
their
backes
or
beds
to
lie
vpon
,
to
the
entent
that
from
their
tender
yeares
,
they
might
enure
themselues
without
helpe
of
the
citty
,
to
away
with
hardnesse
and
sparing
.
Their
meate
was
such
as
they
could
get
by
hunting
,
and
their
drinke
was
either
meth
or
milke
,
or
else
faire
water
of
the
spring
,
and
in
such
sort
were
they
hardned
to
sustaine
the
labors
of
warfarre
.
Of
this
sort
of
people
,
fifty
at
the
first
imployed
themselues
to
steale
cattel
out
of
their
neighbors
ground
,
so
that
like
drones
liuing
by
stealing
from
the
labour
pur●hased
by
the
labourors
hyers
,
they
afterwarde
growing
to
so
great
a
numbr
,
by
the
report
of
such
as
wer
allured
to
liue
after
the
condition
of
spoile
they
made
,
the
country
became
so
dangerous
,
that
no
man
durst
hardly
stir
abroad
,
and
he
the
which
was
Lord
of
infinit
riches
to
daie
,
was
scarce
maister
of
any
tomorrow
.
Dennis
therefore
King
of
Sicill
,
being
in
a
manner
wearied
with
the
continuall
complaints
made
by
his
subiects
,
which
had
bene
plagued
by
them
,
at
last
sent
ouer
six
hundred
of
his
Affricks
to
suppresse
them
,
whose
Castel
,
The
first
o●iginal
o●
the
Brutians
wherein
these
Outlawes
were
fortified
they
won
,
by
the
subtill
treason
of
a
woma●
called
Brutia
,
and
after
builded
a
Citty
which
was
soon
peopled
by
the
confluence
of
Shepheards
resorting
thither
,
vpon
hope
they
had
of
the
fertill
Scituation
,
and
then
called
themselues
Brutians
after
the
name
of
the
woman
.
The
first
warre
that
they
had
was
with
the
Lucanes
their
owne
founders
,
with
which
victorye
being
encouraged
,
hauing
concluded
an
indifferent
peace
with
them
,
they
inuaded
other
of
their
neighbours
,
and
conquered
The
wars
of
the
Brutians
.
them
by
the
sworde
;
so
that
they
got
so
great
purchase
by
this
pilfring
war
,
and
so
increast
in
their
number
,
that
they
were
powerfull
inough
to
offer
displeasure
euen
vnto
Kings
.
Whereby
Alexander
King
of
Epire
,
arriuing
in
Italy
,
with
a
great
hoast
to
the
ayd
of
the
Greeke
Citties
in
distresse
,
there
with
his
whole
army
was
by
them
vterly
destroied
,
with
which
continual
successe
and
prosperity
,
their
cruelty
being
more
inflamed
,
they
became
terrible
and
dangerous
to
their
neighbors
long
after
.
At
the
last
Agathocles
being
sollicited
in
their
helpe
,
with
the
hope
he
had
thereby
to
enlarge
his
kingdom
,
he
transported
his
succors
out
of
Sicill
into
Italy
;
and
as
he
was
comming
toward
them
,
the
rumour
that
was
then
fresh
of
his
puissance
and
magnanimity
,
begat
a
stronger
feare
in
them
,
then
was
cause
giuen
by
his
present
power
,
so
that
they
sent
their
Ambassadours
to
him
,
requesting
him
of
peace
and
friendship
;
whome
Agathocles
receiuing
,
kindly
entertained
them
also
to
supper
with
him
,
(
wherein
,
the
closenesse
of
his
intent
was
,
that
they
should
not
see
the
shipping
of
his
Army
)
and
appointed
them
to
haue
hearing
and
conference
with
them
the
Morrowe
after
:
but
in
the
meane
season
and
in
the
noone
of
night
,
hee
tooke
shipping
priuily
and
wa●ted
ouer
to
them
,
hoping
to
surprize
them
so
vnsuspected
,
they
should
not
haue
power
to
preuent
his
will
,
nor
disaduantage
him
any
way
;
but
the
successe
of
his
fraud
,
prooued
not
to
bee
reioyced
at
by
him
,
for
immediately
after
,
he
was
constrained
to
returne
into
Sicill
,
by
the
force
of
a
disease
,
wherewith
,
he
was
taken
ouer
all
his
body
,
the
pestilent
humor
spreading
it selfe
throgh
euery
sinew
and
ioynt
,
shewing
that
as
he
was
with
Agathocles
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
strangers
,
so
euery
member
of
his
,
had
been
at
Warre
one
against
another
.
Of
●hich
when
no
recouery
nor
cure
appeared
,
thee
arose
a
contention
betweene
his
sonne
and
his
nephew
,
each
of
them
challenging
the
dignity
of
the
kingdome
to
himselfe
,
as
if
the
father
and
kinsman
had
beene
dead
already
,
in
which
his
sonne
was
slaine
.
Agathocles
therefore
seeing
this
change
on
one
part
,
and
feeling
the
griefe
of
his
disease
so
violent
on
the
other
,
and
betweene
both
the
agitation
of
his
thoughts
and
minde
still
grieuouser
,
each
encreasing
by
the
furtherance
of
the
other
,
being
vterly
in
dispair
,
he
caused
his
wife
Theogen
to
take
his
two
little
sonnes
,
which
he
had
begotten
of
her
,
withal
his
treasure
,
houshold
stuffe
,
and
princely
furniture
appertaining
vnto
him
(
as
which
no
king
in
his
daies
was
reputed
better
stored
)
and
sail
into
Egypt
from
whence
he
tooke
her
to
his
wife
;
suspecting
least
his
nephew
who
had
robbed
him
of
his
kingdome
,
should
proue
no
lesse
an
enimy
to
them
.
Howbeit
his
wife
entreated
him
earnestly
and
with
louing
perswasions
,
that
she
might
not
be
drawne
from
him
in
this
necessity
of
his
sicknesse
,
least
some
The
duty
of
a
louing
wi●e
imputation
might
be
raised
against
her
loue
,
obedience
&
loialty
,
and
her
departure
in
so
needeful
a
time
,
might
deserue
rebuke
,
and
be
worthily
likened
to
the
murther
done
by
his
nephew
:
and
also
,
the
people
might
take
occasion
thereby
iustly
to
report
,
that
she
had
as
cruelly
abandoned
her
husband
,
as
he
had
supplanted
his
Grandfathe●
:
vrging
further
,
that
when
she
was
married
vnto
him
,
he
tooke
her
not
to
be
his
companion
and
partaker
of
prosperity
only
,
but
also
in
aduersitye
;
and
to
goe
as
it
were
hand
in
hand
with
him
,
to
haue
one
body
though
two
soules
,
to
vndergoe
and
be
an
ease
one
to
the
other
,
of
what
fortune
soeuer
,
either
prosperous
or
inauspicious
,
should
happen
and
be
incident
to
their
vnited
estate
;
nor
should
it
grieue
her
to
stay
,
to
abide
the
tirany
of
her
nephew
,
(
which
her
husband
mistrusted
)
so
she
might
in
the
meane
time
but
hope
,
that
as
one
houre
had
made
them
one
,
so
one
hour
might
deuorce
them
by
death
.
Which
grace
though
the
Godds
had
not
agreed
to
be
due
vnto
her
,
yet
she
A
description
of
lamentation
.
was
bound
both
by
loue
and
womanhood
to
stay
with
him
to
the
last
gaspe
,
and
though
not
to
die
with
him
,
yet
he
being
dead
,
to
see
him
honorably
buried
.
Of
whose
princely
body
in
her
absence
,
she
was
doubtfull
who
would
haue
care
,
or
would
see
it
bestowed
according
to
the
worthinesse
it
deserued
hauing
life
.
But
when
none
of
these
arguments
preuailed
for
her
,
but
that
she
must
depart
,
the
little
ones
imbraced
the
father
and
made
a
chaine
of
their
armes
about
his
necke
,
bewailing
their
vntimely
separation
;
while
one
the
otherside
the
wife
,
as
one
that
had
not
hope
to
see
her
husband
any
more
,
had
scarce
power
to
take
her
farwell
in
wordes
,
the
passage
being
stopr
by
the
rebellion
of
her
teares
.
Nor
was
the
lamentation
ordinary
,
to
see
how
pitiously
the
old
man
wept
,
the
children
bewailing
the
father
ready
to
die
,
and
the
father
bemoning
his
banished
children
.
The
one
,
sorowing
to
leaue
their
sicke
and
diseased
aged
father
al
alone
as
disolat
;
the
other
,
lamenting
to
leaue
his
sonnes
in
penury
,
whom
he
had
begotten
to
inherit
his
kingdome
.
All
the
pallace
was
filled
with
the
noise
of
such
as
stood
to
be
witnesses
of
so
cruell
a
diuorce
and
departure
,
some
weeping
as
much
to
see
them
weepe
,
as
for
the
cause
they
had
to
be
mollified
into
such
showers
themselues
.
At
length
,
the
necessity
of
The
death
of
Agathocles
.
their
forced
separation
,
was
an
ende
of
the
trafficke
that
their
sorrow
had
together
,
though
not
an
end
of
their
teares
;
and
the
death
of
the
king
ensued
immediately
vpon
the
leaue
taken
betweene
him
,
his
wife
,
and
his
children
.
The
Carthagenians
now
hauing
true
intelligence
how
the
world
went
in
Sicill
,
thought
it
a
good
occasion
to
be
giuen
them
of
recouering
the
whole
Island
,
and
thereupon
sayled
thither
with
a
great
power
,
and
subdued
many
Citiies
.
At
this
time
Pirrhus
made
warre
against
the
Romaines
,
who
(
as
is
before
declared
)
being
desired
to
come
to
the
aide
of
the
Sicillians
,
hauing
subdued
many
Citties
,
arriued
at
Syracusa
,
where
he
was
proclaimed
King
of
Sicill
,
like
as
before
he
was
of
Epire.
In
the
prosperous
successe
of
which
actions
greatly
reioycing
,
he
instituted
that
his
sonne
Heleu
should
be
king
of
Sicill
,
as
in
the
right
of
his
grandfather
,
(
for
he
was
begotten
of
K.
Agathocles
daughter
)
and
his
sonne
Alexander
should
be
King
of
Italy
.
Which
will
of
his
,
confirmed
by
generall
consent
,
he
fought
many
prosperous
battels
with
the
Carthagenians
:
in
which
warre
being
busied
,
there
He
returneth
to
the
actions
of
Pyrrhus
before
spoke
of
in
the
16
Booke
came
Ambassadors
from
his
confederates
in
Italy
,
deliuering
to
him
,
that
by
his
absence
they
were
so
weakned
,
it
was
impossible
for
them
to
make
resistance
any
longer
against
the
Romaines
,
but
that
he
must
needs
yeeld
unlesse
he
rescued
them
.
whereupon
being
troubled
with
so
doubtfull
a
danger
,
and
not
knowing
which
way
to
turn
himselfe
,
or
which
of
them
he
might
rescue
first
,
he
tooke
speedy
aduice
concerning
both
,
for
on
the
one
side
the
carthagenians
assailed
him
,
and
on
the
other
side
the
Romaines
,
so
that
it
seemed
a
troublesome
matter
to
him
,
not
to
passe
with
his
Army
into
Italy
,
and
yet
more
dangerous
to
lead
his
hoast
out
of
Sicill
,
least
the
one
should
bee
lost
for
want
of
succor
,
or
the
other
perish
by
withdrawing
his
helpe
from
them
.
Tost
thus
in
this
raging
sea
of
dangers
,
the
surest
hauen
of
all
other
counsels
to
harbor
in
seemed
to
be
,
first
withall
his
power
to
try
the
matter
nowe
on
foot
in
Sicill
,
and
then
hauing
vanquished
the
carthagenians
,
to
transport
Py●rhus
los●th
the
king
do●
of
Sycil
.
his
victorious
army
into
Italy
,
wherein
though
he
in
that
battell
preuailed
,
yet
notwithstanding
he
was
no
sooner
with
his
power
departed
out
of
Sicill
to
the
furtherance
of
his
former
purpose
against
the
Romaines
,
but
the
Sicillians
,
with
his
alyes
and
competitors
remaining
behind
,
reuolted
from
him
,
and
accounted
him
not
as
their
K.
and
a
conqueror
,
but
as
a
fugitiue
&
vanquished
run-away
.
By
means
wherof
,
he
left
the
kingdome
as
slightly
as
he
came
by
it
easily
.
Furthermore
finding
no
better
successe
in
Italy
,
then
he
had
in
Sycill
,
he
retyred
into
Epire
,
the
wonderful
chance
of
both
may
rightly
be
recorded
for
an
example
.
For
euen
as
before
through
prosperous
fortune
al
his
indeuors
flowed
profitably
to
him
,
beyond
his
desire
and
expectation
,
and
that
he
had
obtained
the
Empire
of
Italy
,
the
kingdome
of
Sicill
,
with
so
many
victories
against
the
Romaines
,
so
now
when
fortune
had
chaunged
her
coppy
,
and
as
it
were
to
patterne
and
manifestly
shew
in
him
,
the
frailties
that
mans
life
is
subiect
vnto
,
throwing
downe
the
things
that
she
her
selfe
had
builded
,
defacing
the
Trophes
she
had
raised
,
besides
the
losse
of
Sycill
,
she
paid
him
home
with
shipwracke
on
the
sea
,
with
a
shamefull
ouerthrow
against
the
Romaines
,
and
with
a
dishonorable
departure
out
of
Italy
.
Pirrhus
thus
disposest
of
the
kingdome
of
sicill
,
Hiero
was
created
their
chiefest
Officer
,
who
was
a
man
of
such
modesty
,
that
by
fauorable
consent
of
al
the
cities
,
he
was
first
captain
against
the
Carthagenians
;
afterward
King
Of
this
his
royall
estate
to
come
,
his
norishing
and
bringing
vp
when
he
was
The
education
o●
H●●●o
.
in
yeares
and
discretion
a
babe
,
was
as
it
were
a
fore-messenger
;
for
he
was
discended
of
a
noble
man
called
Hieroclitus
,
whose
petigree
was
fetcht
from
Gelus
an
ancient
king
of
Sicill
.
But
by
his
motherside
he
was
borne
of
a
base
and
very
dishonorable
stocke
,
for
he
was
begotten
of
a
bondwoman
,
and
therfore
reiected
and
cast
away
by
his
father
,
as
a
dishonour
and
reproch
to
his
house
.
But
the
thrifty
Bees
,
finding
him
a
little
babe
,
without
help
of
nurse
,
or
any
other
comfort
,
wrought
their
combes
about
him
,
and
cherished
and
preserued
him
with
life
,
many
daies
together
.
Vpon
which
miraculous
preseruation
,
his
father
besides
being
forwarned
by
the
Southsaiers
,
who
told
him
the
child
should
liue
and
be
a
king
,
tooke
his
infant
home
to
him
,
and
brought
him
vp
with
all
secure
diligence
,
in
hope
of
the
fortunat
estate
was
presaged
should
be
due
vnto
him
.
As
the
same
child
sat
at
his
booke
with
other
schollers
,
soddenly
their
came
in
a
Wolfe
,
and
snatched
the
booke
out
of
his
hand
:
afterward
being
growne
to
mans
estate
,
and
when
he
was
called
first
to
the
warres
,
an
Eagle
came
and
sat
vpon
his
target
,
and
an
Owle
vpon
his
speare
:
the
which
wonder
betokened
he
should
be
aduised
in
counsell
,
ready
of
hand
,
and
in
after
time
should
attaine
to
be
a
King
;
finally
,
he
fought
hand
to
hand
against
many
challengers
,
and
euer
departed
with
victory
.
King
Pyrrhus
rewarded
him
with
many
rewardes
for
his
chiualry
.
He
was
of
personage
exceeding
beautifull
,
of
strength
so
wonderfull
,
as
might
be
comprehended
in
a
man
:
gentle
to
talke
vnto
,
Iust
in
his
dealings
,
and
in
his
gouernment
vpright
and
indifferent
:
so
that
nothing
in
the
world
wanted
in
him
,
appertaining
to
the
dignity
of
a
king
,
saue
a
kingdome
which
is
dignitye
it selfe
.
The
end
of
the
xxiij
.
Booke
.
The
xxiiij
booke
of
Iustine
.
THE
ARGVMENT
.
THe
Lacedenionians
stirre
vp
the
Greeks
to
rebellion
,
and
are
ouercome
by
the
Etolian
Shepheards
.
The
wicked
and
abhominable
dealing
of
Ptolomy
toward
his
sister
and
hir
children
.
Rome
is
sacked
by
the
Frenchmen
,
whereof
some
place
themselues
in
Italy
,
and
some
in
Pannony
:
they
of
Pannony
raise
a
power
,
diuiding
themselues
in
two
hoasts
,
of
which
the
one
killeth
Ptolomy
King
of
Macedon
,
and
are
suppressed
by
Sosthenes
;
the
other
vnder
the
conduct
of
Bremso
,
inuadeth
Macedon
againe
,
ouercommeth
Sosthenes
,
spoyleth
the
Realme
,
inuadeth
the
temple
of
Delphos
,
the
scituation
whereof
is
there
described
,
and
at
the
last
is
vanquished
with
lightning
and
Thunder
,
and
Bremis
slayeth
himselfe
.
IN
these
dayes
,
while
the
publike
warres
and
domesticke
vprores
,
were
thus
at
length
dispersed
and
made
quyet
in
Sicill
,
new
mischieues
arose
Here
we
left
in
the
16
booke
.
thoroughe
the
dissention
and
warres
of
Ptolomeus
,
Ceraunicus
,
Antiochus
,
and
Antigonus
among
themselues
,
almost
al
Greece
(
at
the
instigation
of
the
Spartans
,
as
if
occasion
hadde
bene
giuen
,
to
pull
and
dissolue
their
neckes
out
of
the
Antigonus
the
sonne
of
Seleuchus
.
yoke
of
bondage
,
)
sent
Ambassadors
one
to
another
,
and
knitting
themselues
togither
in
alyance
,
fell
to
rebellion
.
And
least
they
might
seeme
to
haue
taken
weapon
in
hande
against
Antigonus
,
vnder
whose
gouernance
they
wer
,
they
assailed
first
the
Aetolians
his
confederats
,
pretending
the
cause
of
their
warres
with
them
to
be
,
for
that
the
said
Aetolians
,
had
entred
vpon
and
possest
themselues
by
force
of
the
fielde
Cyreus
,
which
by
the
general
consent
of
al
Greece
,
was
consecrated
to
Apollo
.
As
captaine
of
this
warre
they
chose
one
Aran
,
who
assembling
his
whole
power
togither
;
he
spoiled
the
townes
,
and
forraged
ouer
the
corne
that
was
growing
in
the
afornamed
fields
,
&
such
as
they
could
not
haue
cariage
sor
along
,
he
caused
to
be
set
on
fire
,
which
the
shepheardes
of
the
Etolians
,
beholding
out
of
the
Mountains
,
gathred
themselues
the
number
of
5
,
C.
and
fel
upon
their
enemies
as
they
were
scattered
,
who
knowing
not
that
they
were
so
few
of
them
,
by
reason
of
the
sodaine
feare
,
together
with
the
smoke
of
the
fires
,
they
in
this
skirmish
slewe
nine
thousande
,
and
compelled
the
residue
of
the
forragers
to
flight
.
Afterward
,
when
the
Lacedemonians
renued
their
forsaken
warre
,
many
citties
who
had
beene
friend
to
them
before
,
now
denied
them
their
aide
,
suspecting
their
soueraignty
,
and
not
the
liberty
of
Greece
.
In
the
meane
season
,
the
He
putsueth
the
former
trechery
and
d●●e●pt
o●
Ptolomy
mentioned
betor
in
the
16.
boo
.
warre
was
sinisned
,
and
the
controuersie
arbitrated
,
betweene
the
kinges
:
for
Ptolomy
hauing
expulsed
Antigonus
,
seised
the
kingdome
of
Macedon
into
his
hand
,
tooke
truce
with
Antiochus
,
and
also
ioyned
aliance
with
Pyrrhus
,
by
giuing
him
his
daughter
in
marriage
.
So
that
being
rid
of
the
cause
of
feare
,
giuen
him
by
forraigne
enemies
,
he
turned
his
vngodlinesse
and
wicked
complots
to
the
deuising
of
mischiefes
against
his
owne
house
;
practising
treason
aginst
his
sister
Arsinoe
,
to
the
entent
to
depriue
her
children
of
their
liues
,
and
her
of
the
possession
of
the
famous
Citty
Cassandria
.
To
effect
which
purpose
,
the
first
point
of
his
subtilty
was
,
vnder
the
pretence
of
counterfet
loue
,
to
desire
his
sister
in
marriage
.
For
otherwise
then
vnder
colour
of
concord
,
he
could
not
compasse
her
children
,
whose
kingdome
he
had
wrongfully
vsurped
from
them
:
but
his
sister
suspecting
the
treachery
of
his
hart
,
gaue
no
credit
to
the
testimony
of
his
tongue
.
Whereupon
,
perceiuing
that
she
trusted
him
not
,
he
dispatched
ambasladors
to
certifie
her
,
that
he
would
make
her
children
fellowes
in
the
Empire
with
him
:
against
whom
,
he
had
made
warre
,
not
vtterly
to
teare
the
kingdome
from
them
,
but
so
to
possesse
himselfe
of
it
,
that
they
should
accept
it
from
him
,
as
his
free
guift
to
them
:
and
for
the
more
assurance
hereof
,
he
entreated
her
to
send
some
trusty
friend
of
hers
,
to
receiue
an
oath
of
him
;
in
the
presence
of
whom
,
he
would
before
the
Goddes
of
his
countrey
,
oblige
himselfe
,
by
what
oath
,
vow
,
curse
,
or
by
what
religion
socuer
,
she
would
either
desire
,
or
inioyne
him
,
for
the
performance
of
this
promise
.
Arsinoe
resting
betweene
hope
and
feare
what
in
this
she
should
do
,
doubting
if
the
sent
,
she
should
be
deceiued
by
periury
;
and
fearing
if
she
sent
not
,
she
should
prouoke
her
cruel
brother
to
his
wild
indignation
;
yet
taking
more
care
for
her
children
then
her selfe
,
whom
she
partly
hoped
to
prese●●e
by
meanes
of
this
marriage
,
she
dispatched
one
of
her
friendes
called
Dyon
to
him
,
whom
Ptolomy
brought
into
the
most
holy
Temple
of
Iupiter
,
the
anuent
place
of
religion
,
and
of
greatest
reuerence
in
all
Macedon
;
Where
laying
his
hands
vpon
the
aulters
,
and
touching
the
Images
of
the
Goddes
as
they
stood
in
their
●hrines
,
hee
sware
before
him
,
with
othes
,
and
extreame
curses
,
calling
the
Goddes
,
heauen
and
earth
,
to
witnesse
,
that
he
desired
to
consumat
this
marriage
with
his
sister
,
without
any
fraud
,
craft
,
or
dissimulation
;
or
with
other
purpose
then
religious
:
that
he
would
immediately
proclaime
her
his
Queene
,
nor
after
take
to
him
any
other
wife
,
to
be
a
cause
of
the
breach
of
their
loue
,
or
to
spight
her
withall
,
or
to
haue
any
other
Children
then
her
sonnes
.
Arsinoe
,
after
this
importance
expressed
vnto
her
,
filled
sull
with
hope
,
and
deliuered
from
feare
,
came
and
communed
with
her
brother
her selfe
:
whose
smiling
lookes
,
and
flattering
countenance
,
pretending
as
much
good
faith
as
he
had
promised
by
oath
,
brought
her
into
such
a
Womans
Parradice
,
that
she
consented
to
marry
with
hir
brother
,
contrary
to
the
minde
of
her
sonne
Ptolomy
,
who
perswaded
her
to
desist
from
the
match
,
with
many
examples
P●●lomy
ma●●th
his
own
〈◊〉
.
of
his
Vncles
former
subtilties
,
and
treacheries
;
and
doubting
there
was
no
lesse
in
this
:
notwithstanding
which
perswasion
she
perseuerd
,
and
the
mariage
was
with
great
sumptuousnes
and
ioy
solemnized
.
Phyllip
presently
summoning
all
his
hoast
before
him
,
there
in
the
open
view
of
them
,
himselfe
set
the
Crowne
vpon
his
sisters
head
,
and
proclaimed
her
Queene
.
Whereupon
Arsinoe
being
ioyfull
for
the
recouering
of
that
glory
which
she
had
lost
by
the
death
of
her
first
husband
Lisimachus
,
of
her
owne
accord
desired
Phillip
into
her
Citty
Cassandria
,
through
the
ambitious
desire
of
which
citty
,
all
this
treason
was
wrought
.
Then
hauing
leaue
,
she
went
thither
before
him
,
and
proclaimed
that
the
day
of
his
comming
shoulde
bee
kept
feastiuall
through
all
the
Citty
,
giuing
commandement
,
that
the
houses
,
The
natural
aff●●t●on
of
a
mother
.
the
temples
,
and
all
other
places
should
be
adorned
and
beautified
,
and
that
the
Alters
and
sacrifices
should
be
set
foorth
orderly
and
in
readinesse
.
Morcouer
she
caused
her
two
sonnes
,
Lysimachus
of
one
and
twenty
yeares
,
and
Phillip
three
yeares
younger
then
he
(
both
children
of
excellent
beauty
)
to
meet
him
with
crownes
on
their
heads
,
whom
Ptolomy
to
cloak
his
deceit
withall
,
desirously
and
beyond
all
measure
of
true
affection
,
embraced
and
kissed
long
togither
,
as
if
it
had
bene
to
him
sickenesse
to
parte
from
them
.
But
he
was
no
sooner
in
this
triumphant
manner
,
entred
within
the
Gates
,
but
he
commanded
his
men
of
warre
to
take
the
holdes
of
the
towne
,
and
to
murther
his
nephewes
.
Who
flying
to
their
mother
for
helpe
,
were
slain
as
they
hung
clinging
about
her
neck
for
rescue
.
The
mother
shriecking
out
to
see
this
vnnaturall
treason
,
demanded
of
him
,
wherein
she
had
trespassed
against
him
,
either
in
her
marriage
or
other
duty
,
that
she
and
hers
should
be
so
cruelly
dea●t
withal
:
and
to
expresse
hit
motherly
affection
to
them
,
she
put
her selfe
oftentimes
between
the
sword
and
the
danger
offred
her
children
,
and
at
seuerall
times
couering
their
bodies
with
hers
,
she
sought
either
to
haue
preserued
them
,
or
would
gladlye
haue
receiued
the
wounds
her
husbands
tyrany
had
prepared
for
them
;
but
hauing
not
so
much
mercy
vsed
vnto
her
,
as
to
giue
them
their
due
burial
,
she
was
her selfe
exild
the
towne
,
in
a
ragged
and
torne
gowne
,
onely
with
The
cru●ltye
of
Ptolomy
tow●●d
his
〈◊〉
.
two
seruants
,
her
hair
disheueled
about
,
and
from
this
suddain
alteration
of
greatnesse
,
to
this
so
extreame
misery
,
she
trauaild
to
Samothorac●
,
accounting
her self
so
much
the
more
miserable
,
that
she
might
not
haue
her
desire
to
perish
with
her
children
.
But
Ptolomy
escaped
not
with
this
wickednesse
vnpunished
,
for
within
short
time
after
,
throgh
the
vengeance
of
the
immortall
Goddes
,
sor
so
many
wilful
p●riuri●s
,
&
so
many
cruel
murthers
,
he
was
in
one
battel
bereft
of
his
kingdome
by
the
Frenchmen
,
and
was
taken
prisoner
himselfe
,
and
as
hee
woorthilye
deserued
,
his
heade
was
stricken
off
from
his
shoulders
:
For
the
Frenchmen
abounded
in
multitude
so
great
,
that
the
Countrey
wherein
they
were
bred
was
not
able
to
sustaine
and
giue
them
maintenance
.
It
was
thought
fit
among
them
that
three
hundred
thousand
men
should
bee
sent
out
,
as
(
it
were
on
pilgrimage
)
to
seeke
and
conquer
to
themselues
a
more
apt
habitation
.
Of
whom
one
part
rested
themselues
in
Italy
,
which
also
tooke
Rome
and
burnt
it
,
others
of
them
following
the
flight
of
birds
(
for
the
Frenchmen
of
all
other
nations
are
the
most
cunning
in
fowling
)
and
with
much
slaughter
of
the
barberous
Nations
,
perced
into
the
coastes
of
Slauonta
,
The
foolish
〈◊〉
of
P●olomy
.
and
seated
themselues
in
Pannonia
,
a
kind
of
people
fierce
,
hardy
,
and
warlike
,
who
were
the
first
after
Hercules
,
(
that
compassing
the
same
aduenture
before
purchased
himselfe
an
immortall
fame
of
his
prowesse
)
that
marched
ouer
the
high
tops
and
vnmercifull
cold
Mountaines
of
the
Alpes
.
Where
hauing
subdued
the
Pannonians
,
they
made
warre
with
their
neighbours
many
yeares
together
,
sometime
their
fortune
(
like
an
houre-glas●●
in
vse
)
turned
one
way
,
then
another
.
Afterward
being
prouoked
by
their
fortunate
sucesse
,
they
raised
two
armies
,
wherof
the
one
went
toward
Greece
,
and
the
other
toward
Macedon
:
in
which
forrage
of
theirs
,
they
put
al
to
the
sword
that
happened
in
their
danger
.
By
meanes
whereof
the
name
and
power
of
the
Frenchmen
became
so
terrible
,
that
euen
Kings
before
they
were
assailed
,
were
glad
to
hier
them
with
great
summes
of
mony
to
procure
their
amity
,
and
that
they
might
liue
in
peace
by
them
.
Onely
Ptolomy
King
of
Macedon
made
light
of
their
fortunes
,
and
when
he
heard
they
were
comming
to
comence
warre
against
him
,
as
if
it
had
beene
as
easie
a
matter
to
dispatch
such
hostill
preparations
as
to
do
mischiefe
,
made
no
hast
to
resist
their
passage
.
And
as
if
the
Goddes
had
ordained
these
men
as
their
reuengers
for
his
cruell
and
abhominable
murthers
,
he
had
onely
not
power
to
leauy
and
strengthen
his
own
forces
together
,
but
also
took
scorn
at
the
friendly
offer
made
by
the
Ambassadors
of
Dardanie
,
who
proffered
to
send
him
twenty
thousand
well
armed
to
supply
and
help
him
in
this
his
inuasion
;
withall
returned
them
with
taunts
and
scoffs
for
their
extended
kindnes
:
saying
,
the
good
daies
of
Macedon
were
far
spent
,
if
after
they
had
by
their
owne
puissance
alone
,
conquered
all
the
East
,
they
should
now
haue
neede
of
the
Dardanians
to
defend
their
owne
countrey
;
and
gaue
them
to
know
that
he
had
in
his
host
,
the
sonnes
of
them
that
serued
vnder
great
Alexander
,
and
had
subdued
the
whole
world
.
So
that
going
forth
against
so
infinit
an
enemy
with
so
weak
a
power
,
and
that
so
out
of
order
,
the
king
of
Dardanie
hearing
thereof
did
Iustly
report
,
that
the
famous
Empire
of
Macedon
would
shortly
decay
,
through
the
rashnes
of
an
vnaduised
soueraigne
.
The
Frenchmen
therefore
by
the
aduice
of
their
captain
Belgius
,
to
the
entent
to
try
how
the
Macedons
wer
addicted
,
sent
ambassadors
to
Ptolomy
,
offering
him
peace
if
he
would
buy
it
,
as
he
had
president
thervnto
from
other
princes
his
neighbors
.
But
Ptolomy
bosted
among
his
men
of
warre
,
that
so
great
was
the
terror
of
his
renowne
,
that
the
Frenchmen
,
of
whom
other
kings
wer
driuen
to
compound
for
friendship
,
desired
the
like
ofhim
sor
fear
,
and
no
lesse
vanted
himself
before
the
ambadssadors
&
scoft
at
their
message
,
then
he
had
before
done
to
his
other
friends
,
and
answered
them
,
he
was
so
far
from
desiring
peace
,
that
he
denied
it
vnto
them
,
any
otherwaies
,
then
if
they
gaue
them
noble
men
for
hostages
,
&
deliuered
into
his
hands
their
at●●o●
&
weapons
,
for
since
they
had
so
farre
proceeded
in
open
Hostility
the
one
against
the
other
,
he
would
not
now
trust
them
vnlesse
they
were
disarmed
.
When
the
Ambassadors
had
reported
this
answer
,
the
Frenchmen
laughed
at
his
arrogancy
,
crying
out
,
that
he
and
his
should
shortly
feel
whither
they
ofsred
peace
to
his
behoofe
or
theirs
.
While
this
answer
of
Phillip
beat
on
the
slint
of
the
Frenchmens
spleens
,
the
tinder
os
their
indignation
tooke
such
sorcible
fire
,
that
they
immediatly
arraid
themselues
in
readinesse
,
and
fell
Pel-mell
to
handiblowes
,
wher
the
Macedons
being
vanquished
,
the
glory
of
their
renown
began
to
set
,
for
Ptolomy
being
sore
wounded
in
diuers
places
,
was
taken
prisoner
&
his
hed
stric
The
punishment
of
Ptol●●y
.
ken
off
,
which
being
put
vppon
a
speares
point
,
was
carried
vp
and
downe
through
all
the
hoast
,
to
the
terror
of
their
enemies
,
a
few
of
the
Macedones
escaped
by
slight
,
the
rest
were
either
slaine
or
taken
prisoners
.
When
newes
heereof
was
spred
in
Macedon
,
they
betooke
themselues
to
sacrifice
,
sorow
and
mourning
,
one
while
the
parents
bewayled
the
losse
The
wo●ul
est●te
of
Macedon
.
of
their
sonnes
,
another
while
they
feared
the
besieging
of
their
citty
;
al
called
vpon
the
names
of
Phillip
and
Alexander
,
somtime
their
Kings
,
for
help
,
as
if
they
had
bin
Goddes
,
remembring
in
their
mindes
,
how
vnder
them
,
they
had
not
onely
liued
in
sasety
,
but
bin
Conquerors
of
the
whole
world
.
Beseeching
them
to
defend
their
country
,
which
through
the
renowne
of
their
chiualry
had
bin
aduaunced
to
the
sky
,
and
to
helpe
them
now
in
their
aduersity
,
whom
the
wilfull
rage
and
rashnesse
of
Ptolomy
their
King
,
had
euen
brought
to
destruction
.
While
the
harts
of
all
men
were
struck
thus
into
dispaire
,
not
knowing
which
way
to
releeue
themselues
,
Sosthenes
one
of
the
Princes
of
Macedon
,
perceiuing
in
aduersity
that
to
trust
vnto
prayer
onely
,
it
a●ailed
not
,
and
knowing
that
in
like
misery
,
(
weeping
fittes
fooles
,
but
practise
helpes
the
wise
,
)
hee
presently
raised
a
number
of
the
lustiest
youngmen
,
and
went
foorth
against
the
enemy
:
among
whom
,
hee
so
behaued
himselfe
both
in
〈…〉
woorthinesse
of
name
on
the
one
part
,
and
encouraging
his
souldiors
on
the
other
,
that
he
abated
the
courages
of
the
Frenchmen
,
then
in
their
ruffe
for
their
late
victorie
,
and
also
defended
Macedon
from
so
feareful
desolation
.
In
recompence
of
which
his
valiant
deed
,
whereas
many
Noblemen
sued
to
haue
the
kingdome
of
Macedon
,
he
being
not
Noble
by
discent
,
was
for
his
meritorious
seruice
preferred
before
them
all
.
And
at
such
time
as
his
men
of
warre
would
haue
proclaimed
him
K.
he
compelled
them
by
entreaty
to
His
m●desty
.
sweare
to
him
,
not
by
the
name
of
K.
but
by
the
title
of
Captaine
.
In
the
meane
season
,
Brennis
Captain
of
that
portion
of
the
Frenchmen
that
had
bent
themselues
into
Geeece
,
hearing
of
the
victory
of
his
countrimen
which
had
vanquished
the
Macedons
,
vnder
the
conduct
of
Belgius
,
and
fretting
for
anger
,
that
so
rich
a
booty
,
and
so
Laden
with
the
spoiles
of
the
East
,
was
so
lightly
forgone
,
being
once
in
their
Conquest
;
raised
an
hoast
of
a
hundred
and
fifty
thousand
footmen
,
and
fifteen
thousand
horsemen
,
&
againe
inuaded
Macedon
.
Sosthenes
knowing
how
vnsit
it
was
to
giue
them
so
much
breathing
and
hope
of
themselues
,
since
as
they
past
,
they
wasted
the
countrie
,
&
burnt
his
villages
;
met
them
with
the
hoast
of
M●●●●ons
,
wel
appointed
and
in
good
order
of
battel
.
But
by
reason
they
were
few
in
number
&
their
enemies
many
,
they
halfe
dishartned
,
the
aduerse
strong
and
lusty
,
they
were
soon
put
to
the
worse
.
Wherefore
while
the
Macedons
were
thus
beaten
,
&
retired
to
safeguard
themselues
within
the
walles
of
their
citty
,
Brennus
like
a
conqueror
,
against
whom
no
man
durst
shew
his
head
to
make
resistance
,
he
wasted
all
the
country
of
Macedon
.
From
whence
as
though
those
booties
seemed
too
base
and
simple
in
his
eie
,
much
lesse
to
satisfie
the
greedinesse
of
his
expectation
,
he
turned
his
minde
to
the
Temple
of
the
Gods
immortal
,
maliparrly
scoffing
that
the
Gods
were
rich
and
ought
to
depart
liberally
to
men
.
Thereupon
he
tooke
his
iourney
toward
Delphos
,
setting
more
by
the
gaine
of
The
sco●●s
o●
Brennus
.
the
gold
,
which
had
bin
offered
to
the
Gods
,
then
by
their
heynous
displeasure
,
whom
he
affirmed
to
haue
no
neede
of
riches
,
since
by
them
they
proceed
,
and
from
them
they
are
bestowed
as
inheritance
to
their
sonnes
The
temple
of
Apollo
at
Delphos
,
is
scituat
vpon
the
Mount
Parnassus
,
on
the
top
of
The
〈◊〉
on
of
the
tem
ple
of
Delph●s
.
a
cliffe
from
euery
side
and
procliue
steep
down
.
Where
the
concourse
of
folk
(
which
vpon
trust
of
the
maiesty
of
that
God
,
resorting
thither
from
diuers
places
,
builded
them
houses
in
that
rock
)
hath
made
a
populous
citty
.
Moreouer
both
the
temple
and
town
are
inclosed
and
munified
,
not
with
walls
,
but
with
the
Perpendicularnes
and
quarry
of
the
rocke
:
neither
are
they
defended
with
fortifications
made
by
mans
hand
,
but
with
necessary
resistance
and
succour
growing
and
prouided
by
nature
.
So
that
there
is
no
Iudgement
able
to
decide
whether
the
strength
,
scituation
of
the
place
,
or
the
maiesty
the
Gods
therein
,
be
more
to
be
wondred
at
.
The
middle
part
of
this
Mountain
inward
,
is
like
vnto
a
Theater
.
By
meanes
whereof
,
when
men
make
any
shouting
,
or
when
any
trumpet
is
blown
,
the
sound
beates
and
rebounds
in
such
sort
vpon
the
stones
from
one
to
another
,
that
the
Eccho
is
heard
double
and
treble
,
and
the
noise
resoundeth
farre
louder
and
greater
then
it
went
forth
:
which
strangnes
,
The
place
of
the
Oracles
described
.
causeth
the
simple
and
ignorant
people
,
to
be
in
much
feare
&
reuerence
therof
,
thinking
it
to
be
the
presence
of
the
Godhead
,
and
oftentimes
maketh
them
to
stand
so
wondering
at
it
,
as
if
they
were
distracted
.
In
this
winding
of
the
rocke
,
almost
midway
to
the
top
of
the
hill
there
is
a
little
plaine
,
and
in
the
same
adeep
hole
desending
into
the
ground
,
which
serueth
to
giue
oracle
.
Out
of
this
hole
a
certaine
cold
breath
,
driuen
vp
as
it
were
with
a
temperate
and
modest
wind
ascending
stil
vpward
,
stirreth
the
mindes
of
the
prophets
into
a
madnes
,
&
so
hauing
filled
them
with
the
spirits
of
the
gods
,
it
compelleth
them
to
giue
answer
to
such
as
come
for
counsel
.
In
the
same
place
were
resident
and
to
be
seene
many
and
rich
gifts
of
kings
and
people
,
which
by
theyr
cost
and
sumptuousnes
,
do
well
declare
the
thankfulnes
of
such
as
receiued
answers
in
performing
of
their
vowes
.
Wherfore
when
Brennus
came
within
view
of
the
temple
,
hee
beganne
to
aduise
with
himself
whether
it
were
more
requisite
to
attempt
the
sacke
thereof
incontinent
,
or
giue
his
souldiers
that
nights
respit
,
to
gather
theyr
strength
.
Euridianus
and
Thessalonus
,
who
for
couetousnesse
of
prey
had
ioyned
themselues
with
him
in
this
action
,
aduised
him
to
cut
off
al
delay
,
and
vndertake
the
businesse
they
came
for
while
their
enemies
were
vnprouided
,
for
that
their
sudden
approch
,
no
doubt
would
proue
a
great
terror
vnto
them
;
where
on
the
contrary
,
by
giuing
them
that
nightes
r●spite
,
their
enemies
should
hapyly
get
both
courage
and
succour
,
and
the
waies
that
now
lay
open
for
their
passage
,
might
be
stopped
to
their
hinderance
.
While
these
thinges
were
in
question
among
the
captaines
of
this
so
huge
an
army
,
the
common
and
mercinary
souldiers
of
the
Frenchmen
,
who
after
long
penury
,
found
a
countrey
so
replenished
with
wine
,
and
store
of
all
other
kind
of
viands
,
being
as
glad
and
ioyful
of
the
aboundance
to
satisfie
their
present
necessity
,
as
of
victory
to
inrich
their
hopes
,
dispersed
themselues
into
the
fields
,
and
leauing
their
standerds
,
ran
abroad
making
spoile
of
al
things
like
conquerors
.
By
which
means
the
Delphians
had
respit
to
prouid
and
strengthen
themselues
.
For
at
such
time
as
it
was
first
reported
to
them
that
the
Frenchmen
(
as
The
Oracle
●gainst
the
〈◊〉
.
succeeded
)
were
comming
against
them
,
they
were
prohibited
by
the
Greeke
Oracles
,
to
conuey
their
corne
and
wine
out
of
the
villages
.
The
wholesome
and
profitable
meaning
of
which
commaundement
,
was
not
first
vnderstood
,
which
a●ter
happened
,
that
by
reason
of
the
aboundance
of
wine
,
and
other
victuals
,
which
were
left
as
a
stop
in
the
Frenchmens
way
,
the
succors
of
their
neighbours
had
leasure
to
resort
thither
.
The
Delphians
hauing
thus
strengthened
their
towne
,
(
by
the
help
of
friendly
borderers
against
forraigne
besiebgers
)
thought
yet
their
number
nothing
equall
according
to
indifferent
Iudgement
,
to
make
good
a
resistance
against
so
infinit
an
Army
:
for
Brennis
had
in
his
hoast
threescore
and
fiue
thousand
choise
souldiors
,
whereas
the
Delphians
and
their
complices
were
in
number
The
French
ass●ult
the
●●ty
of
Delph●
.
but
foure
thousand
fighting
men
.
In
disdaine
of
which
small
handfull
to
his
so
infinit
a
power
,
Brennis
to
the
intent
to
sharpen
the
mindes
of
his
followers
,
and
enable
their
resolutions
,
shewed
them
what
a
rich
and
plentifull
prey
they
should
shortly
be
Maisters
of
:
that
the
Images
with
their
Chariots
,
(
whereof
in
viewe
though
farre
off
they
might
behold
great
store
)
were
al
of
massy
gold
.
Which
booty
so
delight
full
to
the
eie
,
their
labours
should
shortly
bring
to
be
more
pleasant
in
the
hand
.
The
Frenchmen
being
by
this
encouragement
of
their
captains
,
or
rather
by
their
owne
beholding
,
stirred
vp
and
also
inflamed
with
the
wine
they
had
powred
in
the
day
before
,
without
respect
of
danger
,
or
regard
of
any
aduise
,
ran
headlong
to
the
encounter
:
on
the
contrary
part
,
the
Delphians
putting
more
trust
and
hope
of
their
deliuerance
in
their
Goddes
,
then
in
they●
owne
strength
,
resisted
their
enemies
with
a
bolde
contempt
,
and
what
with
stones
and
with
their
weapons
,
they
threw
the
Frenchmen
as
they
scaled
,
from
the
top
of
the
mountaines
.
While
these
two
aduersaries
were
striuing
one
against
the
other
,
in
this
skirmish
,
one
led
with
the
hope
of
victory
,
the
other
to
redeeme
their
liberty
:
suddainely
the
Priests
of
all
the
Temples
,
and
the
Prophets
themselues
,
with
their
haire
about
their
eares
,
the
sacred
reliques
in
their
handes
,
like
men
distracted
and
rent
out
of
their
wits
,
came
running
foorth
,
and
pressed
into
the
forefront
of
the
battell
,
crying
out
(
courage
)
for
there
are
Gods
among
vs
,
and
they
had
beheld
him
leap
down
into
the
Temple
,
at
the
open
roofe
top
.
Moreouer
while
they
were
al
making
humble
supplication
to
the
Goddes
,
for
refuge
,
there
past
by
them
a
young
man
,
of
beauty
farre
excelling
anye
mortall
creature
,
and
in
his
company
with
him
two
Virgins
in
armour
,
which
came
vnto
him
out
of
the
two
Temples
of
Diane
and
Minerua
.
Which
wonder
and
hopefull
sight
,
they
had
not
onely
euidently
seene
with
their
eies
,
but
also
had
perfectly
herd
the
clattring
of
their
harnesse
,
and
the
sound
of
their
bowes
,
wherefore
they
intirely
besought
them
,
that
seeing
the
Goddes
themselues
did
guard
their
standerd
,
and
were
souldiers
in
their
succours
,
they
would
now
be
bould
in
the
ouerthrow
and
dispatch
of
their
enemies
,
and
ioyne
themselues
and
their
endeuors
,
as
pertakers
with
the
Goddes
in
so
remoued
a
victory
.
With
which
words
as
it
were
a
fresh
fire
of
life
quickened
in
them
,
they
preassed
forth
who
might
be
most
formost
in
the
fight
,
and
there
withall
as
they
were
foretold
by
the
prophets
,
they
by
and
by
preceiued
that
the
Goddes
was
present
on
their
side
.
For
a
peece
of
the
Mountaine
being
broken
of
by
a
suddaine
earthquake
,
ouerwhelmed
the
French
host
and
the
thickest
of
their
enemies
,
not
without
great
slaughter
,
were
opened
and
put
to
slight
.
In
the
necke
whereof
there
ensued
a
tempest
,
with
haile
,
Thundering
and
lightening
,
which
consumed
as
many
as
were
any
thing
sore
wounded
.
The
Captaine
●●●●nus
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
.
Brennus
being
not
able
to
abide
the
smart
of
his
wounds
,
tooke
a
sword
and
killed
himselfe
.
Another
of
the
captaines
perceiuing
,
how
grieuously
the
authors
of
the
warre
had
bin
punished
,
departed
in
hast
with
ten
thousand
of
his
retinue
out
of
Greece
,
they
were
in
distrust
one
of
another
,
much
more
was
their
seare
of
strangers
,
that
they
durst
not
rest
one
night
in
a
house
neither
passed
they
any
day
without
danger
.
Moreouer
continuall
raine
,
frost
,
snow
,
hunger
,
and
wearinesse
pursued
The
Frenche
miserably
destroyed
out
of
G●●●●●
them
,
and
thereunto
continuall
watching
more
grieuous
then
the
rest
,
consumed
&
brought
to
nothing
the
wretched
remnant
of
this
vnfortunate
warre
.
The
people
also
and
the
Nations
followed
and
made
pray
of
them
,
as
they
scattered
abroad
.
Whereby
it
came
to
passe
,
that
of
so
huge
an
army
which
lately
before
vpon
trust
of
their
own
strength
,
did
despise
euen
the
very
Goddes
,
there
was
not
one
man
left
,
that
might
saye
heareafter
,
he
did
but
at
that
slaughter
and
escaped
.
The
end
of
the
xxiiij
.
Booke
.
THE
XXV
.
BOOKE
OF
Iustine
.
THE
ARGVMENT
.
THe
Frenchmen
of
Pannony
raise
another
power
,
and
inuade
Macedon
.
Antigonus
ouer
commeth
them
by
policy
.
The
aide
of
the
Frenchmen
for
their
worhinesse
,
is
required
of
many
Kings
.
They
lend
aid
vnto
the
King
of
Bythinia
,
and
part
stakes
with
him
in
his
kingdome
,
calling
themselues
Frenchgreeks
.
Pirrhus
expelleth
Antigonus
out
of
Macedon
.
He
maketh
warre
against
the
Lacedemonians
.
The
force
and
Hardines
of
Ptolomy
his
sonne
,
who
was
slaine
at
the
winning
of
Lacedemon
.
Pirrhus
is
slaine
at
Argos
.
The
moderation
and
gentlenesse
of
Antigonus
,
with
the
commendation
of
Pirrhus
.
PEace
being
established
betweene
the
two
Kings
Antigonus
and
Antiochus
,
Antigonus
being
returned
into
Macedon
,
there
soddenly
arose
a
new
enemy
against
him
.
For
the
Frenchmen
,
whom
Brennus
at
his
setting
forward
The
continuance
of
the
story
in
the
beginning
of
the
last
book
toward
Greece
,
had
left
behinde
for
the
defence
of
his
countrey
,
to
the
entent
they
would
not
seeme
to
sit
at
home
like
cowards
when
their
Captain
was
gon
forth
in
quest
both
of
riches
and
renowne
,
armed
fiftene
thousand
footemen
and
three
thousand
horsemen
,
wherewith
hauing
chased
the
hostes
of
the
Getes
and
the
Trybols
,
and
approched
neare
vnto
Macedon
,
they
sent
Ambassadors
to
the
King
,
partly
to
offer
him
peace
to
sale
,
and
partly
to
The
French
make
a
●●ard
i●●●●●on
of
Macedon
.
view
the
order
and
demeanour
of
his
campe
:
whom
Antigonus
like
a
royall
Prince
inuited
the
same
night
to
a
sumptuous
banquet
.
But
the
Frenchmen
,
wondering
at
the
great
plenty
of
plate
both
gold
and
siluer
,
that
was
set
before
them
,
and
withall
being
allured
to
a
couetous
desire
with
the
richnesse
thereof
,
returned
more
his
enemies
then
they
came
to
him
.
Furthermore
,
the
King
to
the
entent
thereby
to
dismay
them
,
at
the
sight
of
so
vgly
shapes
where
with
these
barbarous
people
were
not
yet
acquainted
,
commaunded
his
men
to
shew
them
his
Elephants
,
and
his
ships
laden
with
victual
&
artillery
,
not
knowing
that
they
,
whom
by
aduancing
&
setting
forth
his
power
and
riches
,
he
would
haue
discouraged
;
were
thereby
encoraged
,
with
hope
to
be
soueraigne
thereof
.
The
Ambassadors
therefore
dispatcht
from
the
King
,
and
returned
vnto
their
company
,
declared
what
they
had
tane
especial
note
of
,
and
set
out
al
things
to
the
vttermost
of
praise
,
expressing
the
Kings
riches
,
and
his
negligence
;
how
his
campe
was
stuffed
with
gold
and
siluer
,
and
neither
fortified
with
ditch
nor
trench
,
and
that
,
euen
as
though
their
richesse
were
a
sufficient
defence
for
them
,
they
kept
neither
watch
nor
any
other
warlike
order
,
as
if
they
had
no
need
at
all
of
helpe
of
the
sworde
,
but
fed
themselues
fat
,
wallowing
in
ease
,
and
the
prosperity
of
riches
.
The
report
of
which
,
was
as
bellowes
to
the
hot
minds
of
the
couetous
Frenchmen
,
till
they
were
satisfied
as
possessors
of
that
greatnes
which
yet
their
eares
had
receiued
but
from
report
.
Besides
,
to
further
theyr
desire
they
tooke
example
by
Belgius
,
who
not
long
before
had
slaine
the
K.
with
the
whole
hoast
of
Macedon
.
Wherein
all
agreeing
,
and
ascertaininge
themselues
of
victory
,
ere
a
generall
assent
was
giuen
,
they
ass●●led
Antigonus
campe
in
the
night
,
who
prouidently
forseeing
the
mischiefe
that
was
〈…〉
.
like
to
ensue
,
had
giuen
commaund
the
day
before
,
to
haue
conueyed
from
his
campe
all
his
treasure
,
and
to
hide
them
couertly
in
the
wood
by
,
gessing
,
that
such
was
the
desperate
hardinesse
of
the
enemy
in
hope
of
riches
,
that
there
was
no
other
meanes
for
them
to
saue
their
campe
,
then
by
forsaking
it
.
So
that
when
the
Frenchmen
found
all
things
void
and
not
onely
without
defenders
but
also
without
keepers
,
mistrusting
they
were
not
fled
,
but
rather
kept
and
concealed
themselues
close
for
the
execution
of
some
imminent
policy
,
it
was
long
erethey
durst
aduenture
the
passage
of
those
gates
whereat
there
was
no
body
to
withstand
them
:
at
last
leauing
all
the
fortifications
vndefaced
they
entred
the
camp
,
rather
searching
then
riffling
.
And
hauing
made
pillage
of
what
they
found
on
land
,
they
turned
the
violence
of
their
pretence
toward
the
sea
side
,
whereas
they
fell
rashly
to
the
rifling
of
the
ships
:
the
sailors
and
parte
of
the
Army
,
that
for
safeguard
with
their
wiues
and
children
were
thether
fled
,
sodainly
fel
vpon
them
,
and
while
their
harts
slept
in
security
,
and
their
hands
were
exercised
in
theeuery
,
they
put
them
all
to
the
sword
,
making
such
a
slaughter
of
the
Frenchmen
,
that
the
fam
of
this
victory
purchased
Antigonus
not
only
peace
with
those
enimies
,
but
also
of
the
fierce
and
sauage
people
that
bordered
on
his
kingdome
.
Notwithstanding
these
seuerall
ouerthrowes
,
so
populous
was
the
French
Nation
,
and
so
multiplied
in
many
places
,
the
people
that
spred
ouer
Asia
,
as
it
had
bin
a
swarme
of
Bees
.
Insomuch
that
the
Kings
of
the
East
made
The
great
in
crease
of
the
French
,
with
their
manly
courage
.
not
any
wars
,
but
they
hyred
the
Frenchmen
as
mercinaries
to
serue
them
;
and
being
depriued
by
any
sinister
fortune
from
their
kingdomes
,
they
resorted
not
to
any
other
Nation
for
helpe
,
knowing
,
they
were
on
any
side
,
for
who
wold
giue
most
for
them
,
as
in
these
daies
are
the
Swisers
.
In
which
seruice
,
such
was
their
redoubted
prowesse
,
and
in
what
warres
else
they
vndertooke
,
such
was
their
continuall
successe
,
that
the
Kings
of
those
partes
,
thought
themselues
not
secure
,
nor
their
owne
commaunds
of
power
sufficient
to
maintaine
their
estate
,
or
regaine
it
being
lost
,
without
the
f●rtherance
and
aid
of
the
Frenchmen
.
Therefore
both
in
name
and
nature
,
being
〈…〉
now
Noble
as
none
in
that
age
more
,
and
being
called
to
the
help
of
the
K.
of
Bithinta
,
and
hauing
in
that
assistance
gotten
the
victory
,
they
parted
hys
kingdome
with
him
,
and
named
the
Country
French-greece
.
These
affaires
thus
dispatcht
in
Asia
,
in
the
meane
season
Pirrhus
beeing
vanquished
in
Sicill
by
the
Carthagenians
,
in
a
bat●ell
at
sea
,
he
sent
his
Ambassadors
to
Antigonus
for
supply
of
souldiors
;
withall
sent
him
word
,
that
if
he
furnished
him
not
,
he
should
be
constrained
to
retire
into
his
kingdome
,
and
seeke
the
Conquest
vpon
him
,
which
he
was
about
to
make
against
the
Romaines
.
But
his
Ambassadors
being
dismist
with
this
〈◊〉
were
,
that
Antigonus
absolutely
denied
him
any
reliefe
,
according
to
his
form
〈◊〉
promise
,
feyned
an
excuse
,
and
immediately
departed
from
thence
,
onely
giuing
in
charge
to
his
consederates
to
prouide
themselues
for
a
stranger
warre
,
and
resigning
the
hauen
&
Castel
of
Tarent
to
his
son
H●leu
,
and
his
srend
Milo
,
to
safeg●ard
,
he
returned
into
Epyre
,
where
mustring
fresh
forces
,
he
forthwith
iduaded
Macedon
,
whom
to
withstand
,
Antigonus
met
with
an
hoast
of
〈…〉
men
,
where
both
Armies
encountring
,
Autigonus
hauing
the
worst
was
inforced
to
sly
,
by
which
Conquest
all
Macedon
yeelded
to
Pirrhus
.
Wherupon
as
if
he
had
recompenced
the
losse
of
Sicill
and
Italy
,
with
the
gaining
of
Macedon
,
he
directed
Messengers
for
his
sonne
Heleu
,
and
Mylo
whom
he
had
left
at
Tarent
;
Antigonus
who
was
fled
wi●h
a
few
of
his
horsemen
,
and
with
this
alteration
bereft
of
all
the
Ornaments
of
fortune
,
yet
desirous
to
heare
what
would
become
of
his
kingdome
,
he
with
somuch
labor
Antigonus
〈◊〉
an
ouerthrow
.
had
got
,
and
now
so
suddenly
lost
,
conuaid
himselfe
into
the
Citty
Thessalonica
,
that
if
occasion
serued
,
or
any
hope
whereby
to
aduenture
his
re-establishment
might
appeare
,
he
might
renue
the
Warre
from
thence
.
But
in
the
o●fer
of
this
purpose
,
being
againe
vanquis●ed
by
Ptolo●ny
the
sonne
of
King
,
Pirrhus
,
and
escaping
with
no
more
but
seuen
of
his
retinue
,
without
desire
to
regaine
his
kingdome
,
or
almost
rellish
of
ambitious
thoughts
,
he
sought
secure
caues
,
in
rough
and
desolate
wildernesses
,
to
be
his
wholsome
pallace
for
a
priuat
life
.
Pirrhus
by
this
,
being
installed
in
so
royal
and
great
a
kingdome
,
and
not
contented
to
haue
attained
vnto
that
,
he
had
scarce
meanes
before
to
wish
for
,
began
to
practise
how
to
be
soueraigne
of
the
whole
Empire
of
Greece
,
〈…〉
and
Asia
,
as
now
he
had
of
Macedon
.
He
was
of
corage
so
magnanimous
,
that
none
wa●
able
to
withstand
his
force
whom
he
assailed
,
neither
tooke
he
any
more
pleasure
of
his
Empire
,
then
of
his
warres
,
but
kept
his
affections
euen
to
both
,
and
as
he
had
no
peere
in
couquering
of
kingdomes
,
so
did
hee
as
lightly
forgo
them
,
when
he
was
once
possest
of
them
,
holding
it
more
honor
to
be
accounted
a
conquer
or
of
many
kingdoms
,
then
a
keeper
of
few
.
There●ore
when
he
had
transported
his
Army
ouer
from
Chersonesus
,
there
receiued
him
the
Ambassadors
of
the
Athenians
,
the
Acheans
,
and
the
Messenians
,
yea
and
all
the
Grecians
(
for
the
renown
of
his
name
,
and
for
that
they
were
●●●●ed
at
the
Noblenesse
of
his
deeds
against
the
Romaines
,
and
Cart●●●●ians
)
awaited
his
comming
ther.
The
first
war
that
he
had
was
with
the
〈◊〉
,
wher
he
was
receiued
with
greater
valiantnes
of
the
women
then
of
men
.
There
he
lost
his
sonne
Ptolomy
and
the
strongest
part
of
all
his
army
,
for
when
he
assaulted
the
towne
,
such
a
sort
of
women
came
running
to
the
defence
of
the
Citty
,
by
whome
he
was
not
more
valiantly
vanquished
then
shamefully
driuen
to
retire
.
His
sonne
Ptolomy
who
there
was
slaine
,
is
reported
to
haue
bin
so
couragious
and
stout
a
man
at
Arms
,
that
with
threescoremen
,
he
tooke
by
force
the
Citty
Corcyra
;
and
also
in
a
battaile
vppon
the
sea
,
he
lept
out
with
seuen
of
his
men
into
a
Gally
and
woon
it
.
And
last
of
al
,
in
the
assault
of
Sparta
,
he
brake
with
his
horse
into
the
midst
of
the
citty
,
and
there
oppressed
with
the
number
of
his
enemies
,
he
was
slain
,
whose
body
when
it
was
brought
to
his
father
Pirrhus
,
it
is
reported
he
should
say
,
that
he
was
slaine
somwhat
later
then
he
looked
for
,
or
than
his
own
foolish
hardinesse
deserued
.
Pirrhus
when
he
had
receiued
the
repulse
at
Sparta
,
went
to
Argos
.
But
whilst
he
endeuored
to
compasse
Antigonus
in
his
hands
,
whom
he
had
besieged
in
the
Citty
,
as
he
fought
most
valiantly
amongst
the
thickest
,
he
was
slaine
with
a
stone
from
the
wall
.
His
head
was
cut
off
,
&
sent
to
Antigonus
,
who
vsing
this
victory
honorably
,
sent
home
his
sonne
Heleu
with
his
Epyrotes
,
which
were
yeilded
vnto
him
into
his
kingdome
without
ransome
,
and
deliuered
him
his
fathers
body
to
conuey
home
,
and
see
honorably
interd
in
his
owne
countrey
.
It
is
a
constant
report
amongest
all
authors
,
that
there
was
not
any
King
either
in
these
dayes
,
or
in
the
latter
times
before
,
worthy
to
be
compared
vnto
Pirrhus
,
and
that
it
was
a
hard
matter
to
find
any
,
not
onely
among
kings
,
but
also
among
other
famous
men
,
either
of
more
vpright
liu●●g
,
or
approued
Iustice.
And
as
for
knowledge
in
chiualry
and
feats
of
armes
,
there
was
so
much
of
merit
in
him
,
that
whereas
he
had
continual
warres
with
Lysimachus
,
Demetrius
,
and
Antigonus
,
Kings
of
so
great
power
and
puissance
,
yet
was
neuer
ouercome
by
any
of
them
,
neither
was
he
euer
by
his
enemies
,
brought
to
so
low
an
ebbe
,
but
that
he
was
able
to
match
&
boldly
encounter
with
the
Illyrians
,
Sicillians
,
Romaines
,
and
Carthagenians
.
In
what
conflict
or
aduenture
whasoeuer
,
yea
and
often
to
the
ouerthrow
of
his
aduersaries
,
and
subduing
the
kingdomes
.
By
meanes
whereof
,
through
the
fame
of
his
Noble
acts
,
and
the
renown
of
his
name
,
he
brought
his
Country
to
be
famous
and
of
Noble
report
ouer
all
the
world
,
being
of
it self
and
before
his
time
,
both
smal
&
of
no
reputation
.
The
end
of
the
xxv
.
Booke
.
THE
XXVI
.
BOOKE
OF
Iustine
.
THE
ARGVMENT
.
THe
extreame
cruelty
of
Aristotimus
Tyrant
of
Epire.
The
wise
inuention
of
old
Helematus
in
suppressing
of
him
.
The
cruelnesse
of
the
French-greekes
towards
their
wiues
and
children
,
whom
Antigonus
ouercommeth
,
and
vtterly
destroyeth
.
Antigonus
is
bere●t
both
of
his
kingdome
and
men
of
Warre
by
Alexander
,
the
sonne
of
Pirrhus
King
of
Epire.
Demetrius
the
sonne
of
Antigonus
not
onely
recouereth
his
fathers
kingdome
,
but
also
spoyleth
Alexander
of
his
kingdome
of
Epire.
Alexander
by
the
helpe
of
the
Arcadians
,
and
by
the
fauor
of
his
owne
Countrymen
,
is
restored
to
his
kingdome
againe
.
Agas
king
of
Cyrene
dyeth
.
Demetrius
the
brother
of
Antigonus
by
means
of
Beronice
the
daughter
of
K.
Agas
is
slaine
in
his
mothers
bed
.
AFter
the
death
of
Pirrhus
,
there
arose
not
onely
great
and
troublesome
warres
in
Macedon
,
but
also
a
reuolution
and
alteration
of
many
establisht
affaires
in
Asia
and
Greece
:
for
the
Pelloponesians
being
betrayed
vnto
Antigonus
,
according
as
men
were
either
in
feare
or
gladnes
,
as
euery
Citty
hoped
for
succor
at
Phirrhus
hand
,
or
stood
in
dread
of
him
;
euen
in
like
case
,
either
they
entred
in
league
with
Antigonus
,
or
else
vpon
malice
,
sell
togither
by
the
eares
among
themselues
.
In
the
time
that
the
prouinces
were
in
this
turmoile
,
Aristotimus
a
Noble
man
of
the
realme
,
subiected
to
his
vse
the
chiefe
Citty
of
the
Epirots
,
and
The
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
of
〈◊〉
.
created
himselfe
king
thereof
;
withall
,
for
the
safe
confirming
himself
in
that
regall
seat
,
he
put
many
of
the
chiefe
Cittizens
(
he
was
either
in
present
fear
of
,
or
had
power
in
themselues
to
cause
him
to
distrust
them
)
to
death
.
Many
of
them
he
draue
into
exile
.
So
that
,
when
as
the
Etolians
required
of
him
by
their
Ambassadors
,
that
he
wold
restore
vnto
the
causlles
banished
men
,
their
detained
wiues
,
as
though
he
had
repented
him
of
what
formerly
hee
had
done
.
He
gaue
all
the
Ladies
and
Gentlewomen
,
(
ioyful
at
the
newes
)
leaue
to
trauell
to
their
husbands
,
and
appointed
to
them
a
day
when
they
should
take
their
iourney
.
The
wiues
entending
to
liue
all
their
liues
in
exile
with
their
husbands
,
tooke
al
their
preciousestiewels
and
best
ornaments
they
had
with
them
;
but
assoone
as
they
were
all
come
to
the
gate
,
of
purpose
to
trauaile
in
one
company
together
,
he
spoiled
them
of
their
treasure
,
murthered
their
little
Children
in
their
mothers
bosomes
,
imprisoned
the
woefull
mothers
,
and
rauished
the
maides
.
All
men
being
amazed
at
this
his
cruell
and
intestine
Tirany
,
a
noble
peere
〈…〉
of
the
realme
named
Helemate
,
being
an
aged
man
and
without
yssue
,
as
one
that
in
respect
of
his
yeares
,
and
in
that
he
was
childles
,
was
void
of
all
seare
;
called
home
to
his
house
certain
of
his
most
trusty
friends
,
and
exhorted
them
to
the
deliuerance
of
their
countrey
from
bondage
.
But
when
he
perceiued
that
they
shrunk
to
put
themselues
in
danger
,
for
the
safeguad
of
that
realme
had
byn
their
mother
and
norisher
,
and
that
they
demaunded
leasure
to
take
sure
aduice
in
the
matter
,
he
called
his
seruants
to
him
,
commaunding
them
to
lock
in
the
doores
,
and
from
him
,
beare
word
to
the
Tyrant
,
that
he
should
immediately
send
to
his
house
,
there
to
apprehend
traytors
that
had
conspired
against
him
;
and
threatening
vnto
each
of
them
,
that
seeing
he
could
not
bee
the
author
,
by
their
assistance
of
the
deliuerance
of
his
countrey
,
he
would
at
leastwise
,
considering
the
integrety
of
the
cause
,
be
a
meanes
to
be
reue●ged
vpon
them
for
with
drawing
their
help
from
it
.
Who
then
being
ouercome
with
necessity
,
and
the
doubtfulnesse
of
the
danger
,
they
chose
the
honester
waye
of
both
,
and
sware
the
death
of
the
Tyrant
.
So
that
Aristotimus
was
dispatched
both
of
life
and
rule
,
the
fifth
month
after
he
had
vsurped
the
kingdome
.
In
the
meane
season
Antigonus
being
encomberd
with
many
warres
by
diuers
enemies
at
once
,
both
of
King
Ptolomy
,
and
the
Spartanes
;
besides
the
host
The
pollicye
of
antigonus
of
the
Frenchgreekes
which
newly
were
vp
in
armes
against
him
,
he
left
a
few
souldiers
in
his
campe
for
a
shew
against
the
other
two
,
and
went
himselfe
in
person
with
the
whole
power
against
the
Frenchmen
.
The
Frenchmen
hearing
thereof
,
prepared
themselues
in
readines
for
the
battell
,
flew
sacrifice
,
and
offered
to
the
Goddes
to
be
propitious
to
them
for
the
obtaining
of
prosperous
and
good
successe
in
that
encounter
.
But
by
the
inwardes
of
those
beasts
,
perceiuingas
it
were
by
diuine
instinct
,
that
there
was
toward
them
a
great
slaughter
,
and
prefiguring
to
them
the
vtter
destruction
of
them
all
,
they
were
there
vpon
turned
not
into
doubtfull
feare
,
but
head-strong
madnes
.
And
in
desire
to
pacifie
the
wrath
of
the
Godds
,
by
the
bloodshed
of
their
owne
people
,
they
killed
their
wiues
and
children
,
beginning
to
performe
(
through
their
owne
slaughter
)
the
euil
destiny
that
was
menased
by
the
warres
.
The
〈◊〉
o●
th●●
〈◊〉
men
euen
to
their
〈◊〉
and
〈◊〉
.
In
execution
whereof
,
so
extreame
disperatenesse
was
entred
into
their
cruel
harts
,
that
they
spared
not
the
young
infants
whom
their
enemies
would
haue
pittied
,
but
with
their
owne
handes
made
cutthrot
warre
,
vpon
the
children
themselues
had
bin
fathers
of
:
and
the
mothers
of
them
,
in
defence
of
whom
,
men
are
forward
to
make
warres
,
whose
tears
were
vnualuable
to
penitrate
the
flinty
brests
of
their
husbands
,
to
get
remorce
for
themselues
,
or
compassion
on
their
children
they
most
vnnaturall
buchered
.
And
as
though
they
had
by
their
vnspeakable
wickednesse
,
purchased
themselues
both
life
and
victory
,
bloody
as
they
were
,
after
the
fresh
slaughter
of
their
Wiues
and
Babes
,
they
proceeded
in
battaile
,
but
with
as
good
successe
as
fore-token
.
For
as
they
were
fighting
,
the
remorce
of
their
owne
consciences
,
in
remembrance
of
their
inhuman
facts
(
the
Ghoasts
of
them
whose
liues
they
had
rauished
from
their
bodies
,
wauing
before
their
eyes
,
)
were
the
firste
discoraged
A
great
sl●ughter
vpon
the
〈◊〉
them
ere
they
were
oppressed
by
the
enemy
;
so
that
th●
encounter
begun
,
they
were
slaine
euery
mothers
sonne
,
and
the
massacre
of
them
so
violent
,
that
it
should
seeme
the
Goddes
had
conspired
with
men
,
for
the
vtter
destruction
of
those
impious
and
peremptory
murthers
.
After
the
fortunate
chance
of
this
bartell
,
Ptolomy
and
the
Spartans
,
eschuing
the
victorio●s
armye
of
their
enemy
Antigonus
,
retired
into
places
of
defence
,
which
Antigonus
ascertained
of
,
while
his
men
were
yet
fresh
,
couragious
,
and
resolute
for
any
purpose
,
by
reason
of
their
late
victory
,
he
made
warre
to
the
Athenians
.
In
which
disseigne
while
he
was
occupied
,
Alexander
King
of
Epir●
,
desirous
to
reuenge
the
death
of
his
father
King
Pirrhus
,
inuaded
the
borders
of
Macedon
;
against
whom
,
when
antigonus
was
returned
out
of
Greec●
,
all
his
souldiors
reuolted
from
him
,
by
which
treason
of
theirs
,
hee
lost
both
his
kingdome
of
Macedon
,
and
his
so
powerfull
an
army
.
His
sonne
Demetrius
being
then
both
in
yeares
,
and
discretion
but
a
very
child
,
leauing
a
power
in
the
absence
of
his
father
,
not
onely
recouered
Macedon
,
that
his
father
had
lost
,
but
also
bereft
alexander
of
his
kingdome
of
Epire
,
so
great
then
was
either
the
vnconstantnes
of
the
souldiors
,
or
else
the
variablenesse
of
fortune
,
that
kings
by
course
were
euen
now
banished
;
and
presently
restored
to
their
kingdomes
againe
.
Alexander
therefore
being
fled
to
the
Arcadians
,
was
as
well
by
the
fauour
of
the
Epyrotes
,
as
by
the
helpe
of
his
confederats
restored
into
his
kingdom
againe
,
about
the
same
time
deceased
agas
,
king
of
Cyrene
,
who
before
his
Read
more
hereof
in
the
〈◊〉
.
Booke
.
last
infirmity
,
to
the
intent
to
cease
all
strife
with
his
brother
Ptolomy
,
betrothed
his
onely
daughter
Beronice
to
his
sonne
.
But
after
the
death
of
king
agas
,
arsinoe
the
mother
of
the
maide
,
to
the
intent
to
break
the
mariage
that
was
contract
against
her
will
,
sent
for
Demetrius
the
brother
of
antigonus
,
out
of
Macedon
,
to
take
vpon
himselfe
the
marriage
of
her
daughter
and
the
gouernment
of
the
kingdome
of
Cyrene
,
who
also
was
begotten
of
one
of
Ptolomies
daughters
.
Demetrius
had
no
sooner
entertainted
this
offer
,
but
with
speed
dispatching
himselfe
,
and
in
his
iourney
hauing
prosperous
wind
,
and
faire
weather
,
he
was
speedily
arriued
into
Cyrene
;
where
vpon
trust
of
hys
beauty
for
the
delight
of
which
,
his
mother
began
to
like
too
well
of
him
,
immediately
after
his
first
comming
,
he
bare
himselfe
very
proudly
in
the
Court
and
campe
,
against
the
Captaines
and
men
of
warre
;
remoouing
his
desire
of
liking
and
affection
from
the
daughter
to
the
mother
,
which
mutability
of
his
being
perceiued
,
was
iustly
consterd
vild
in
a
Prince
,
and
generally
condemned
both
of
the
maid
,
the
common
people
,
and
a
great
number
of
the
souldiors
:
whereuppon
taking
dislike
of
his
disposition
,
their
mindes
were
turned
to
the
sonne
of
Ptolomy
,
and
the
death
of
Demetrius
was
conspyred
,
and
so
farre
contriued
,
that
as
he
was
in
bed
with
his
mother
in
law
,
many
of
these
conspirators
were
sent
to
kill
him
.
But
Arsinoe
when
she
hearde
the
voyce
of
her
daughter
standing
at
the
chamber
doore
,
and
giuing
the
executioners
charge
to
spare
her
mother
,
as
they
rushed
in
,
shee
sought
Adultery
rewarded
.
long
to
defend
and
preserue
her
paramor
with
receiuing
his
woundes
in
her
owne
body
,
Neuerthelesse
he
was
slaine
:
and
so
Beronice
,
with
safety
of
her
loue
and
duty
,
did
both
reuenge
the
dishonorable
adultry
committed
with
her
mother
,
and
also
followed
the
determination
of
her
Father
,
in
takinge
of
her
husband
.
THE
XXVII
.
BOOKE
OF
Iustine
.
THE
ARGVMENT
.
SEleuchus
King
of
Syria
,
putteth
his
step-mother
Beronice
,
and
her
sonne
to
death
.
Ptolomy
king
of
Egipt
in
reuenge
of
her
death
inuadeth
Syri●
.
Seleuchus
suffereth
happy
shipwracke
,
for
by
meanes
thereof
,
for
pitty
and
compassion
,
the
Citties
that
Ptolomy
had
obtained
,
reuolted
.
He
is
ouercome
in
battell
by
Ptolomy
,
and
desireth
aide
of
his
brother
Antiochus
.
Ptolomy
maketh
peace
with
Seleuchus
.
Antiochus
warreth
vpon
his
brother
,
and
ouercommeth
him
by
the
help
of
the
French-greekes
,
who
after
the
battell
,
bent
themselues
against
Antiochus
.
He
ransommeth
himselfe
from
them
.
Eumenes
king
of
Bithinia
,
setteth
vpon
Anticchus
and
the
Frenchmen
,
and
taketh
the
most
part
of
Asia
from
them
.
The
brothers
continue
debate
,
by
which
they
both
come
to
a
miserable
end
.
IN
those
dayes
after
the
decease
of
Antiochus
K.
of
Syria
,
his
sonne
Seleuchus
succeeded
in
his
dignity
(
by
the
instigation
of
his
mother
Laodice
,
which
rather
ought
to
haue
counselled
and
with
held
him
from
such
inhuman
practises
)
and
began
his
raigne
with
murder
,
for
he
cruelly
put
to
death
his
mother
in
law
Beronice
,
the
sister
of
Ptolomy
King
of
Egypt
,
with
his
little
brother
begotten
vpon
her
;
by
which
wickednes
,
he
inforced
a
iust
and
infamous
report
vpon
his
name
,
and
withal
intangled
him selfe
with
the
wars
of
Ptolomy
.
But
before
the
execution
hereof
,
when
Beronice
vnderstood
that
men
wer
sent
to
kill
her
,
she
kept
her selfe
close
in
a
pleasant
manor
of
her
fathers
called
Daphne
.
And
when
the
the
Cittizens
of
Asia
heard
that
she
and
hir
little
sonne
was
there
besieged
,
in
remembrance
of
the
dignity
of
her
father
,
and
the
Noblenesse
of
her
auncestors
,
and
for
pitty
to
see
her
so
vnwoorthily
intreated
,
they
sent
aid
vnto
her
.
Hir
brother
Ptolomy
also
being
mooued
to
compassionat
the
perill
of
his
sister
,
left
his
owne
kingdome
,
and
came
in
all
hast
to
her
rescue
,
with
al
the
power
he
was
able
to
make
.
But
Beronice
before
these
rescues
were
able
to
come
to
releeu●
her
,
wheras
she
could
not
be
taken
by
force
,
was
surprized
by
policy
,
and
put
to
death
:
the
report
of
which
seemed
so
detestable
in
the
hearing
of
all
men
,
that
al
the
Cittyes
that
before
had
mustred
themselues
to
befriend
her
,
now
made
in
readinesse
a
great
Nauy
,
and
sodainely
aswell
for
feare
of
his
excessiue
cruelty
,
The
Cytty●●
o●
Asia
〈◊〉
from
Seleucl●s
as
also
to
reuenge
the
death
of
her
whom
they
purposed
to
haue
defended
,
yeilded
themselues
vnto
Ptolomy
,
who
doubtlesse
had
subdued
all
the
kingdome
of
Seleuchus
,
if
he
had
not
bin
driuen
to
retire
home
to
suppresse
an
insurrection
in
Egypt
.
So
great
hatred
did
that
abhominable
murthering
of
his
mother
in
law
,
and
his
brother
purchase
on
the
one
party
,
and
the
vnworthy
death
of
his
father
so
cruely
slaughtred
,
purchase
fauor
to
the
other
.
After
the
death
of
Ptolomy
,
Seleuchus
hauing
gathered
togither
a
great
sleet
against
the
Citties
that
had
lately
reuolted
,
suddainely
(
as
it
were
by
the
vengeance
of
the
Goddes
for
his
horrible
murder
)
by
means
of
a
great
tempest
,
he
lost
al
his
Nauy
by
shipwrack
.
And
of
all
that
great
furniture
for
the
warres
,
fortune
left
him
not
any
thing
at
all
,
more
then
his
naked
bodie
The
vnfortu
nate
〈◊〉
of
Seleucus
.
and
his
life
,
and
a
few
companions
that
with
him
had
escaped
the
tempest
:
so
that
so
stra●ge
and
miserable
was
his
case
,
that
himselfe
coulde
not
haue
wisht
a
chance
more
greeuous
to
haue
happened
vpon
his
enemies
for
his
owne
behoose
.
But
the
Citties
which
for
the
former
hatred
they
bare
towards
him
,
had
reuolted
vnto
Ptolomy
,
now
as
though
they
thought
themselues
sufficiently
satisfied
,
with
the
punishment
that
the
Goddes
as
indifferent
iudges
had
inflicted
vpon
him
,
mooued
with
the
miserable
newes
of
his
more
miserable
distresse
,
changed
their
opinion
from
Ptolomy
,
and
their
hatered
from
him
,
and
submitted
themselues
againe
vnder
his
Dominion
.
Whereupon
reioycing
in
this
happy
alteration
,
and
made
rich
by
his
losses
,
accounting
hymselfe
now
sufficiently
able
to
match
his
enemy
in
power
and
strength
,
hee
foorthwith
made
warre
against
Ptolomy
.
But
as
if
he
had
bene
borne
for
no
other
purpose
but
for
Fortune
to
make
her
laughing
stock
,
or
in
this
world
〈◊〉
ouer●ome
by
Ptolomy
her
tennis
Court
,
he
had
bene
her
ball
,
to
haue
tost
from
one
hazzard
into
another
,
as
if
he
had
recouered
so
great
wealth
of
the
kingdome
for
no
other
intent
then
to
loose
them
againe
,
he
was
vanquished
in
battell
,
and
escaping
from
the
field
,
not
much
better
accompanied
then
after
his
shipwracke
,
he
fearefully
conueyed
himselfe
into
Antioch
.
From
thence
he
directed
his
letters
to
his
brother
Antiochus
,
wherin
he
besought
him
of
his
helpe
,
offring
him
in
recompence
for
such
fauor
,
all
Asia
that
was
within
the
precinct
of
the
mountaine
Taurus
.
Antiochus
being
of
the
age
of
fourteen
yeers
,
but
yet
couetous
of
dominion
aboue
his
yeers
,
tooke
this
preferment
least
it
should
fall
to
another
,
but
not
with
so
friendly
a
hart
as
it
was
offred
,
for
this
Prince
by
age
but
a
boy
(
coueting
like
a
theese
to
bereaue
his
brother
of
the
whol
rule
of
his
kingdome
)
was
as
bold
in
executing
his
wickednes
,
as
if
he
had
bin
a
man
:
Whereupon
he
was
surnamed
Hierax
,
because
he
exercised
his
life
in
taking
other
mens
goods
wrongfuly
,
not
after
the
maner
of
a
Prince
,
but
after
the
nature
of
a
Gosse-hauke
.
In
the
meane
time
Ptolomy
hearing
that
Antiochus
was
prepared
in
rescue
of
Seleuchus
,
to
the
intent
he
would
not
be
inforced
to
defend
the
warre
of
ii
.
such
enemies
at
once
,
took
a
truce
with
Seleuchus
for
x.
years
.
But
the
peace
A
Truce
that
was
giuen
by
his
enemy
,
was
infringed
by
his
brother
;
who
hiering
an
hoast
of
the
French
souldiors
,
insteed
of
help
brought
warre
,
and
insteed
of
manifesting
himselfe
a
brother
,
approued
himselfe
an
enemy
.
In
that
battaile
,
through
the
puissance
of
the
Frenchmen
,
Antiochus
had
the
victory
:
wherein
supposing
Seleuchus
had
bene
slaine
,
they
turned
the
Weapons
they
brought
in
defence
of
Antiochus
against
Antiochus
himselfe
,
hopinge
thereby
without
feare
or
controule
,
if
they
could
but
destroy
all
the
blood
warr
betwixt
two
brothers
royall
,
morefreely
to
wast
the
whole
Countrey
of
Asia
.
Which
thing
when
Antiochus
perceiued
,
he
was
inforced
to
ransom
himselfe
for
money
,
as
if
it
had
bene
from
robbers
,
and
compelled
to
enter
league
and
be
at
friendship
with
his
hyred
souldiors
.
Now
Eumenes
King
of
Bythinia
,
perceiuing
the
Brothers
to
be
consumed
and
dispersed
throgh
ciuill
discord
among
themselues
,
intended
to
inuade
the
wandring
people
,
and
take
to
himselfe
the
whole
possession
of
Asia
.
In
which
purpose
assayling
the
Conquerour
Antiochus
,
and
his
Frenchmen
,
whom
by
reason
that
they
were
sore
and
wearie
since
their
late
conflict
,
and
his
souldiors
strong
and
lusty
,
he
easilie
put
to
the
worst
.
For
in
this
Age
al
the
wars
that
euerie
seueral
Prince
raisd
,
tended
wholie
to
the
destruction
Antiochus
vanquished
by
the
king
of
Bythinia
.
of
Asia
,
and
euerie
man
that
could
make
himself
strongest
,
seized
thereupon
as
his
prey
.
The
two
brothers
Seleuchus
and
Antiochus
for
that
cause
made
War
in
Asia
.
Ptolomy
King
of
Egipt
vnder
pretence
of
reuenging
his
sisters
death
gaped
for
Asia
:
on
the
one
side
Eumenes
King
of
Bithinia
,
and
on
the
otherside
the
Frenchmen
,
and
common
hirelings
wasted
Asia
,
but
among
so
manie
robbers
,
and
so
manie
Ambitious
Princes
,
not
one
was
found
once
to
stirre
his
foot
to
defend
Asia
.
And
albeit
that
Antiochus
was
vanquished
,
and
that
Eumenes
had
seized
into
his
hands
the
most
part
of
that
Empire
,
yet
could
not
the
Brothers
agree
,
but
contended
to
renue
the
warre
to
destroy
one
another
.
In
which
Antiochus
being
againe
vanquished
,
and
wearied
with
flying
many
dayes
togither
,
at
length
came
to
his
father
in
Law
,
Artamenes
king
of
Cappadocia
,
of
whom
at
first
he
was
gently
and
with
good
respect
entertained
,
but
within
few
dayes
after
,
vnderstanding
that
he
went
about
to
betray
him
,
for
sauegard
of
his
life
fled
back
againe
from
thence
.
So
rouling
vp
and
downe
,
from
one
place
to
another
,
and
finding
no
room
wherin
to
rest
in
safety
,
he
was
faine
to
resort
for
succor
to
his
enemy
Ptolomy
,
whose
sayth
he
thought
to
be
more
stedfast
then
his
brothers
considering
either
what
he
would
haue
done
to
his
Brother
,
or
what
he
had
deserued
at
his
brothers
hand
.
But
Ptolomy
being
not
so
much
made
his
friend
,
as
inlarged
his
enemy
,
commanded
him
to
be
kept
in
straight
prison
,
from
whence
also
he
escaped
by
the
helpe
of
a
Harlot
,
whom
he
had
familiar
company
withal
.
But
being
thus
escaped
from
his
keepers
,
as
he
fled
theeues
met
and
killed
him
.
Seleuchus
neere
about
the
same
instant
,
hauing
lost
his
kingdome
,
fell
off
of
his
horse
,
and
brake
his
necke
.
So
both
the
brothers
as
it
were
by
like
misfortune
,
like
Outlawes
after
the
losse
of
their
kingdomes
,
suffered
due
punishment
for
their
manifold
mischiues
.
THE
XXVIII
.
BOOKE
OF
Iustine
.
THE
ARGVMENT
.
OLympias
Queene
of
Epire
,
by
the
marriage
of
her
daughter
Pythia
,
setteth
variance
betweene
Demetrius
king
of
Macedon
,
and
Antioch
king
of
Syria
.
The
proud
and
insollent
answere
of
the
Etolians
to
the
Ambassadors
of
Rome
.
Olimpias
dieth
with
sorrow
,
for
the
death
of
her
two
sonnes
.
Laodamia
is
slaine
at
the
Altar
of
Diana
.
Demetrius
dieth
.
Antigonus
being
left
protector
of
the
sonnes
of
Demetrius
maketh
himselfe
King.
He
subdueth
the
Lacedemonians
,
wherein
appeareth
the
stoutnes
of
the
Spartans
,
in
their
aduersity
,
as
also
the
modest
and
gentle
behauiour
of
Antigonus
in
prosperity
.
COncerning
Olympias
the
daughter
of
Pirrhus
,
king
of
the
Epirots
,
she
hauing
lost
hir
husband
Alexander
,
who
Here
left
the
●●●●ory
of
〈◊〉
mentioned
in
the
26.
Booke
.
was
also
her
own
brother
,
when
she
had
taken
vpon
her
the
bringing
vp
of
Pirrhus
and
Ptolomy
the
sons
whome
he
had
begotten
by
her
,
and
the
gouernement
of
the
realme
;
she
was
compeld
through
the
iniuries
offered
her
by
the
Etolians
(
which
went
about
to
take
from
hir
a
part
of
Acaruania
,
which
she
being
mother
and
protectresse
of
the
children
hadde
receiued
as
a
helpe
to
maintaine
her
wars
withall
)
to
resort
for
succor
to
Demetrius
King
of
Macedon
:
vnto
whom
,
(
hauing
a
wife
already
,
the
sister
of
Anticchus
King
of
Syrya
)
she
gaue
her
daughter
Pythia
in
marriage
,
to
the
intent
shee
might
gette
helpe
and
refuge
at
his
hand
,
by
the
right
of
affinity
,
which
she
could
not
otherwise
procure
.
The
marriage
thereupon
was
solemnized
,
whereby
the
new
bride
,
was
accepted
into
great
grace
,
and
the
old
wife
into
displeasure
.
But
the
first
wife
,
as
though
she
had
beene
deuorced
of
her
owne
accord
,
departed
to
her
brother
Anticchus
,
and
prouoked
him
to
warre
vpon
her
husband
.
The
Acaruanians
also
distrusting
the
Epirots
,
and
thereupon
requiring
helpe
of
the
Romaines
,
obteined
of
the
Senat
of
Roome
,
that
Ambassad
were
sent
,
to
command
the
Etolians
to
withdraw
their
Garrisons
from
the
Citties
of
Acaruania
,
and
to
suffer
them
to
liue
out
of
bondage
,
who
onely
in
ancient
time
,
sent
no
helpe
to
the
Greeks
against
the
Troyans
their
first
founders
.
But
the
Etolians
herd
the
Ambassadors
of
the
Romaines
very
dis●●infully
,
and
returned
them
an
answer
as
scornfully
,
casting
them
in
the
teeth
with
the
Carthagenians
,
and
the
Frenchmen
,
by
whom
they
had
bene
so
afflicted
in
so
many
battels
,
and
so
oftentimes
so
great
a
number
of
them
slaine
:
saying
,
It
was
meet
for
them
first
to
open
their
gates
against
the
Carthagenians
,
which
they
had
shut
vp
for
feare
of
the
warres
in
Assryck
,
ere
they
took
〈…〉
vpon
them
to
make
inrode
into
Greece
.
Moreouer
,
aduised
them
to
consider
whom
they
menaced
,
since
they
were
not
able
to
defende
their
owne
Citty
against
the
Frenchmen
,
but
when
it
was
taken
,
they
were
saine
ro
redeeme
it
with
money
,
and
not
to
recouer
it
by
the
sword
.
The
which
Nation
entring
into
Greece
with
an
host
thoght
almost
inuincible
,
they
themselues
had
not
onely
without
the
aid
of
any
other
forraine
power
,
but
also
not
so
much
as
helped
with
their
own
houses
,
vtterly
destroyed
and
made
their
realme
a
place
for
their
buriall
,
which
they
had
determined
to
make
the
seat
of
their
kingdome
.
Whereas
on
the
contrary
part
,
Italy
was
wel
neer
wholy
subdued
by
the
Frenchmen
,
and
the
Romains
themselues
as
yet
trembled
for
feare
at
the
remembrance
of
the
so
late
burning
of
their
Citty
:
wherefore
it
was
requisite
for
them
to
expell
the
Frenchmen
out
of
their
own
territories
,
ere
they
presumed
to
threaten
the
Etolyans
;
and
first
honorably
to
resist
their
owne
enemies
ere
they
vndertooke
to
defend
others
:
vrging
further
,
what
manner
of
people
they
were
,
or
endewed
with
what
worth
,
whereby
to
giue
them
cause
to
feare
them
.
They
knew
and
durst
tell
them
,
they
were
no
better
but
a
ragged
sort
of
shepheards
,
that
wrongfully
helde
a
peece
of
ground
,
which
like
violent
robbers
they
had
taken
from
the
right
owners
,
which
being
not
able
to
purchase
themwiues
for
the
dishonesty
of
their
beginning
,
were
sain
to
rauish
them
by
open
force
,
and
in
briefe
they
helde
them
a
people
so
monstrous
,
which
had
erected
their
Citty
with
most
cruell
and
vnnaturall
murthers
,
and
bestayned
the
foundation
of
their
wals
with
brothers
blood
;
whereon
the
contrary
,
the
Etolians
wer
euer
the
Princes
of
Greece
,
and
like
The
〈…〉
.
as
they
surpassed
al
the
other
in
estate
and
worthines
,
so
they
exce●led
them
in
actiuity
,
and
were
the
men
which
had
euer
despised
the
Macedons
,
florishing
in
the
Empire
of
the
whole
world
;
which
feared
not
at
the
command
of
King
Phillip
,
which
disdained
to
obey
the
lawes
instituted
by
Alex●nder
,
after
he
had
s●bdued
●he
Persians
and
Indians
,
when
all
other
people
and
Nations
whatsoeuer
,
stood
in
dread
of
his
name
.
Wherfore
they
willed
&
counselled
the
Romaines
,
to
holde
themselues
content
with
their
present
estate
and
not
to
prouoke
those
weapons
against
their
liues
,
through
which
they
saw
both
the
in●init
hoasts
of
the
Frehchmen
slaine
,
and
the
Macedons
in
their
supremest
dignity
despised
.
When
they
had
in
this
controuling
forme
,
and
as
it
were
with
this
check
dismis●
the
Roman
Ambassadors
,
to
the
intent
they
would
not
seem
to
haue
bin
more
bold
&
liberall
in
words
,
then
in
deed
and
performance
,
acording
to
their
former
inclination
,
they
forraged
ouer
all
the
borders
of
the
kingdome
of
Acaruama
.
By
this
had
Olimpias
as
their
rightfull
inheritance
deliuered
vp
the
kingdome
to
her
sonne
,
and
insteed
of
his
brother
Pirrhus
deceased
,
The
〈…〉
Ptolomy
succeeded
in
the
whole
Empire
;
who
marching
with
an
host
of
men
well
prepared
against
his
enemies
,
was
in
his
iourney
by
the
way
taken
with
a
disease
and
died
.
Olimpias
also
in
s●ort
continuance
,
being
wounded
with
sorrow
for
the
death
of
her
two
sons
,
scarce
able
to
draw
hir
painfull
breath
,
yeilded
to
nature
and
died
.
Then
remained
after
her
decease
,
no
more
of
the
blood
royall
,
but
onely
a
young
maide
called
Nereis
,
and
her
sister
Laodamia
Nereis
was
married
vnto
Gelo
sonne
of
the
King
of
Sicill
.
And
Laodamia
flying
for
safegard
to
the
Altar
of
Diana
,
was
their
slaine
,
by
the
conco●rse
of
the
rude
people
:
which
〈…〉
.
offence
the
Goddes
immortall
withheld
not
their
hands
to
punish
,
but
with
continuall
slaughters
of
that
Nation
,
and
almost
with
the
vtter
destruction
of
the
whole
realme
,
they
reuenged
her
death
.
For
first
being
punished
with
dearth
and
famine
,
and
vexed
with
domesticke
and
ciuill
discords
,
last
of
all
,
the
remembrance
of
them
,
was
in
a
maner
quite
consumed
by
the
merciles
warres
of
forraigne
Nations
.
Milo
who
killed
Laodamia
,
falling
distracted
in
his
wits
,
so
mangled
his
owne
bodye
,
sometime
with
yron
,
sometime
with
stones
,
and
in
the
end
,
so
rent
and
tore
his
owne
body
with
his
teeth
,
that
within
twelue
dayes
after
,
he
dyed
most
miserably
.
While
these
disseignes
found
this
free
currant
in
Epyre
,
Demetrius
died
in
Macedon
,
leauing
a
little
sonne
called
Phillip
,
to
be
his
heire
and
succeed
him
;
ouer
whom
Antigonus
being
made
protector
,
tooke
the
childes
mother
to
wife
,
and
then
went
about
to
instal
himself
in
the
kingdome
.
Which
the
Mac●●ons
perceiuing
,
they
gathered
an
insurrection
against
him
,
threatning
to
●ill
him
,
and
hauing
besieged
him
in
his
pallace
,
he
came
forth
,
without
any
guard
,
where
first
humbling
himselfe
before
them
,
he
cast
down
among
them
his
crown
and
his
purple
robe
of
estate
,
desiring
them
to
bestow
those
transitory
Ornaments
vpon
some
worthier
person
,
which
either
knew
better
The
〈…〉
.
how
to
gouern
them
,
or
to
whom
they
coulde
submit
their
affections
more
willingly
to
obey
:
for
during
the
time
that
he
had
enioied
the
gouernment
of
so
odious
a
kingdome
,
and
so
vngouerned
a
people
,
he
had
not
tasted
of
any
pleasures
,
but
of
labor
,
of
trauaile
,
of
peril
,
and
of
leopardy
.
Then
he
rehearsed
what
benefits
he
had
done
for
them
,
how
he
had
punished
s●ch
of
his
confederates
as
had
reuolted
,
how
he
had
asswaged
the
courage
of
the
Dardanians
,
and
Thessalians
,
triumphing
at
the
death
of
Demetrius
;
and
finaly
howe
hee
had
not
onely
maintained
,
but
also
augmented
the
state
and
Empire
of
Macedon
.
Which
merit
of
his
if
their
ingratitude
dispised
,
he
was
content
to
depose
him
of
such
a
trouble
as
to
be
a
soueraigne
,
and
to
surrender
his
office
into
their
hands
:
giuing
them
leaue
(
with
thankes
one
his
part
)
to
seeke
and
create
them
a
king
whom
they
might
rule
as
they
list
themselues
Which
speech
of
his
with
such
modesty
and
cunning
apprehension
he
deliuered
,
that
the
people
thereby
were
brought
to
be
ashamed
of
their
enterprises
,
&
what
they
came
with
violent
entent
to
abridge
&
disanul
him
of
,
(
namely
the
crowne
)
they
now
were
earnest
suters
he
would
assure
to
himselfe
again
.
Which
offer
of
theirs
he
with
delaies
refused
,
and
which
deniall
of
his
drew
their
desire
for
his
acceptance
the
more
,
insomuch
that
the
authors
of
the
rebellion
were
yelded
vp
vnto
him
to
punish
,
as
in
his
Iudgement
was
thought
fit
;
or
to
pardon
and
extend
mercy
to
at
his
pleasure
.
After
this
hee
made
warre
against
the
Spartanes
which
prouince
chiefely
dispised
the
warres
of
Phillip
and
Alexander
,
and
the
Empire
of
Macedon
,
with
their
knighthood
so
much
renowned
ouer
the
whole
face
of
the
earth
.
This
warre
was
prepared
for
withall
the
furniture
and
power
that
could
bee
〈◊〉
betweene
the
〈◊〉
and
the
Macedós
made
one
both
parts
,
and
al
requisit
prouision
had
in
readinesse
,
the
one
sighting
to
support
the
ancient
renowne
of
Macedon
,
the
other
not
onely
for
the
maintenance
and
defence
of
their
vntouched
liberty
neuer
before
violated
,
but
also
to
preserue
and
continue
their
common
safeguard
.
These
Lacedemonians
being
in
this
difference
vanquished
,
not
onely
the
men
themselues
but
their
wiues
and
children
tooke
their
misfortune
constantly
,
and
with
exceeding
stout
courage
:
for
there
was
not
any
man
withdrewe
himselfe
,
nor
sought
to
spare
or
preserue
his
life
in
the
battel
,
otherwaies
then
by
an
honorable
defence
,
nor
any
woman
that
wept
for
the
losse
of
her
husband
.
The
old
and
decrepit
fathers
commended
the
death
of
their
sonnes
and
rewarded
them
with
their
praiers
;
the
sonnes
reioyced
that
their
fathers
were
slaine
in
that
field
,
wisning
that
they
might
liue
to
be
the
like
,
and
for
the
like
quarrell
,
and
euery
man
lamented
his
owne
mishap
,
that
they
had
not
died
in
that
battell
so
fought
for
the
liberty
of
their
countrey
.
The
fathers
and
mothers
receiued
into
their
houses
all
such
as
were
hurt
,
healed
such
as
were
wounded
,
recomforted
such
with
their
neighbourly
and
charitable
rescue
as
were
striken
downe
.
And
in
all
this
businesse
,
and
for
all
this
ouerthrow
,
there
was
not
heard
any
other
outcry
,
Then
,
courage
my
friends
,
nor
any
other
wringing
of
hands
seene
,
then
in
their
weapons
to
giue
blowes
The
courage
of
Cl●omines
a
king
of
La●cdemóra
withal
:
there
was
not
any
trembling
for
feare
,
nor
any
dismay
,
but
with
an
imboldned
resolution
to
outface
mischiefe
,
euery
man
more
bewailed
the
common
misfortune
,
then
his
owne
priuate
ease
.
Withal
Cleomines
their
king
,
after
he
had
made
great
slaughter
of
his
enemies
,
being
all
one
a
gore
blood
,
as
well
with
his
owne
woundes
as
the
blood
of
his
foes
,
came
in
among
them
.
And
when
he
was
entred
into
the
citty
,
he
called
not
for
meate
nor
drinke
no
nor
once
so
much
as
put
of
his
harnesse
,
but
leaning
his
backe
to
a
wall
,
when
hee
saw
there
remained
no
more
but
onely
foure
thousand
of
his
men
from
the
battel
,
he
exhorted
them
to
reserue
and
keepe
themselues
to
some
other
time
,
when
they
might
be
able
to
doe
their
countrey
more
better
seruice
,
then
now
being
oppressed
with
so
great
a
multitude
:
against
whom
no
other
profit
,
but
to
death
auailed
.
And
then
with
his
wife
and
children
he
tooke
his
way
toward
Egypt
to
king
Ptolomy
:
of
whom
he
was
honorably
entertained
and
liued
a
long
time
in
great
fauour
and
estimation
there
,
enioying
the
pleasure
due
vnto
a
King.
But
after
the
decease
of
Ptolomy
,
the
kindnesse
of
the
father
was
neglected
,
and
he
and
al
his
houshould
were
slaine
by
his
sonne
.
Antigonus
hauing
made
so
great
a
slaughter
of
the
Lacedemonians
,
notwithstanding
tooke
pitty
of
the
misfortune
of
so
worthy
a
Citty
,
and
in
that
compassion
gaue
commaund
to
his
souldiers
,
they
should
neither
sack
nor
deface
it
,
withal
pardoned
al
them
that
after
these
misfortunes
remained
aliue
,
protesting
to
the●
(
whereby
to
insinuate
into
their
loues
)
that
he
made
warre
against
Cleomines
and
not
against
the
Lacedemonians
,
whom
for
as
much
as
he
had
discomfited
and
put
to
slight
,
al
his
wrath
toward
them
was
at
an
end
.
So
that
thinking
it
would
more
become
his
honor
rather
to
saue
their
citty
then
to
destroy
it
,
and
seeing
the
remnaut
were
few
,
to
whom
his
mercy
might
be
manifest
he
thought
it
sit
to
let
it
extend
to
the
soile
of
the
citty
,
and
vpon
the
houses
.
It
was
not
long
after
but
that
Antigonus
himselfe
died
and
left
his
kingdome
to
Phillip
,
a
child
of
foureteene
yeares
of
age
.
The
sonn
of
Dem●●●●u
.
The
end
of
the
xxviij
.
Booke
.
The
XXix
Booke
of
Iustine
.
THE
ARGVMENT
.
THe
alteration
of
many
famous
kingdomes
,
by
the
succession
of
young
kings
.
Demetrius
king
of
Illyria
,
sendeth
to
Phillip
king
of
M●cedon
for
help
against
the
Romaines
.
Phillip
exhorteth
the
Greek●s
to
concord
.
He
pr●claimeth
open
warre
against
the
Romains
.
The
Dardanians
inuade
M●cedon
.
He
m●keth
peace
with
the
Romaines
.
Phylopemenes
causeth
the
Acheans
to
reuolt
from
him
.
ABout
this
instant
season
,
there
happned
like
alteration
almost
in
all
the
kingdomes
in
the
knowne
world
.
For
in
Macedon
Phillip
,
after
the
decease
of
his
protector
Antigonus
,
tooke
the
kingdome
to
his
rule
being
but
fourteene
An
alteration
of
kingdoms
by
succession
of
yong
kinges
.
yeares
of
age
.
In
Asia
,
after
that
Seluchus
was
slaine
,
Atigonus
as
yet
not
hauing
attained
to
ful
groath
and
ripenesse
of
foureteene
yeares
,
was
made
king
.
The
kingdome
of
Capidocia
was
surrendred
by
his
father
,
to
Ariarathes
a
very
child
.
Ptolomy
who
for
the
wickednesse
of
his
offence
,
was
in
derision
(
sur-named
Philopater
)
slewe
his
father
and
mother
,
and
vsurped
the
kingdome
of
Egypt
.
But
the
Lacedemonians
in
sted
of
Cleopater
,
subrogated
Lycurgus
:
and
because
there
should
be
store
of
alterations
in
those
times
,
Hanniball
being
as
yet
scarce
man-growne
,
was
made
Captaine
of
Carthage
:
not
because
there
was
a
scarcity
of
men
,
of
more
yeares
,
or
greater
experience
,
but
for
the
naturall
and
inueterate
hatred
that
was
knowne
to
be
rooted
in
him
against
the
Romaines
,
euen
from
his
very
childhood
:
and
as
it
were
,
borne
to
the
vtter
destruction
,
not
so
much
of
the
Romaines
whom
he
hated
,
as
of
his
owne
countrey
of
Affrcike
whom
he
serued
.
Now
albeit
these
children
kings
,
had
no
elder
and
grauer
persons
to
bee
their
protectors
then
themselues
,
yet
was
euery
one
of
them
seuerallye
,
so
attentiue
to
followe
the
steppes
of
their
auncestors
,
that
there
was
great
presumption
and
hope
,
they
would
be
indued
with
vertues
,
both
of
body
and
minde
:
onely
Ptolomy
,
as
he
was
wicked
in
vsurping
the
kingdome
,
so
was
he
sloathfull
and
negligent
in
gouerning
the
same
.
The
Dardanians
with
other
prouinces
and
people
,
who
bare
as
it
were
an
immortall
and
vnremoued
hate
to
the
kings
of
Macedon
,
disdaining
Phillip
,
by
reason
he
was
so
young
,
molested
him
continualle
:
on
the
contrary
part
,
Phillip
when
he
had
put
these
enemies
to
flight
,
being
not
contented
to
haue
defended
his
owne
,
purposed
to
make
warre
against
the
Etolians
;
and
as
he
was
deuising
how
to
enterprize
so
much
,
Demetrius
king
of
Illiria
being
lately
vanquished
by
Paule
,
consull
of
Rome
,
came
to
him
as
an
humble
suter
,
making
complaint
of
the
wrong
the
Romaines
had
done
him
;
who
being
not
content
to
containe
themselues
within
the
bounds
of
Italy
(
but
of
an
ambitious
desire
coueting
the
Empire
of
the
whole
world
)
made
warre
with
al
Kings
:
alledging
also
,
that
for
the
like
couetousnesse
of
the
Empire
of
Sicill
,
of
Sardinia
,
of
Spaine
,
and
consequently
of
al
Affricke
,
they
had
entred
into
warre
with
Hanniball
and
the
Carthgeniens
,
and
against
him
commensed
that
warre
for
no
other
occasion
,
but
only
that
he
was
a
neighbor
and
neare
borderer
vpon
Italy
:
as
though
it
were
not
lawful
for
any
king
to
dwel
nor
haue
dominion
neare
the
co●sin●s
and
Verge
of
their
Empire
.
Wherefore
it
behoued
him
and
no
doubt
would
be
much
auaileable
for
him
,
to
take
an
example
,
&
by
other
mens
harmes
to
beware
,
whose
kingdome
the
nobler
and
nearer
it
was
to
the
Romans
,
so
much
would
it
giue
them
cause
and
so
much
should
he
finde
him
their
fiercer
enemies
.
Moreouer
,
he
protested
that
he
was
wel
contented
to
surrender
vnto
him
the
right
and
title
to
the
kingdome
which
the
Romaines
had
vsurped
from
him
,
rather
then
his
enemies
should
peaceably
enioy
the
possession
and
profit
thereof
.
With
these
and
such
other
like
arguments
he
perswaded
Phillip
,
to
desist
from
the
Etolians
,
&
to
turne
the
brunte
of
the
war
against
the
Romaines
,
and
so
much
the
rather
,
because
he
thought
he
should
now
finde
them
to
be
the
lesse
able
to
resist
him
,
for
that
(
as
the
tidings
thereof
were
to
him
fresh
)
they
had
lately
beene
vauquished
by
Hanniball
at
the
lake
of
Thrasimenus
.
Therefore
because
he
would
not
be
charged
with
many
warres
at
once
,
he
made
peace
Philip
perswadeth
the
Greekes
to
concord
.
with
the
Etolians
;
not
as
they
should
think
he
did
it
,
to
the
entent
to
make
war
in
an
other
place
,
but
as
though
it
had
beene
for
some
great
reguard
that
hee
had
of
the
good
and
quietnesse
of
all
Greece
,
which
he
affirmed
,
was
neuer
in
the
like
pearill
by
reason
of
the
new
Empires
of
the
Romaines
and
Carthageniens
,
lately
risen
vp
in
the
West
,
which
had
no
other
let
to
stop
them
out
of
Asia
but
onely
this
,
that
they
were
trying
by
the
sword
which
of
either
of
them
should
be
principall
and
beare
the
soueraignety
of
both
.
For
which
partye
soeuer
gat
the
vpper
hand
,
would
no
doubt
vpon
the
victory
and
in
the
pride
thereof
,
passe
directly
into
the
East
.
So
that
since
he
saw
such
a
cloud
of
cruell
and
bloody
warre
rising
out
of
Italy
,
and
such
a
roring
and
thundering
comming
out
of
the
west
,
that
into
what
part
of
the
world
the
victory
fell
the
tempest
thereof
,
would
wash
al
things
with
a
bloody
shoure
.
And
although
Greece
had
oftentimes
before
suffered
great
trouble
,
and
many
afflictions
,
by
the
warres
sometime
of
the
Persians
,
sometime
of
the
Frenchmen
,
and
sometime
of
the
Macedons
;
yet
they
should
finde
,
that
all
that
euer
before
was
past
,
and
whatsoeuer
they
had
endured
,
would
bee
a
sporte
to
that
which
should
ensue
,
if
those
Armies
which
now
were
fighting
in
Italy
,
s●ould
once
spred
themselues
into
Greece
:
for
it
was
already
●uident
to
all
Nations
and
not
without
great
feare
and
terror
wondered
at
,
to
haue
newes
,
how
cruell
and
bloody
,
and
both
with
what
puissance
of
hostes
,
pollicy
and
fortitude
of
Captaines
,
those
seuerall
people
made
war●e
one
against
the
other
.
The
which
rage
certainely
could
not
be
ended
in
the
onely
destruction
of
one
of
the
powers
,
without
the
ruine
and
decay
of
such
as
were
their
next
neighbors
:
wherefore
Greece
had
more
cause
by
far
to
be
affraid
,
and
by
prouidence
to
withstand
cruelty
,
if
either
party
wer
honord
by
the
victory
then
Macedon
;
both
because
Macedon
is
further
off
from
their
danger
,
and
of
more
strength
to
defend
it selfe
.
Phillip
hauing
by
this
perswasion
,
and
for
this
pretence
,
dislodged
his
tents
,
raised
against
the
Etolians
,
and
minding
nothing
but
the
warres
of
the
Carthageniens
P●il●p
giu●th
def●an●●
to
the
Ro●●●●
.
and
Romaines
,
he
waied
with
himselfe
the
power
and
abillity
of
them
both
:
and
that
neither
the
Romaines
(
albeit
the
Carthageniens
and
Hanniball
wer
ready
to
light
on
their
necks
)
were
voyd
of
feare
of
warre
out
of
Macedon
.
For
howsoeuer
they
dissembled
it
,
they
stood
in
feare
thereof
,
both
for
the
ancient
prowesse
and
actiuety
of
the
Macedons
,
the
renowne
of
the
honorable
,
and
seuerall
conquests
in
the
East
,
as
also
for
Phyllip
himselfe
,
who
was
enflamed
with
an
earnest
desire
to
become
equall
to
Alexander
in
kinghthood
,
dominion
,
and
chiualry
,
and
whom
they
knew
to
be
forward
and
actiue
in
feates
of
armes
.
Phillip
therefore
,
when
he
vnderstood
that
the
Carthageniens
had
vanquished
the
Romaines
againe
,
sent
his
open
defiance
vnto
them
,
and
began
to
build
a
fleete
wherein
to
transport
his
army
into
Italy
.
Furthermore
,
he
sent
Ambassador●
with
letters
to
Hanniball
,
to
conclude
a
league
,
and
to
be
at
friendship
with
him
,
who
being
taken
by
the
way
and
brought
before
the
Senat
,
was
after
sent
away
without
any
manner
of
violence
done
vnto
him
,
not
for
any
intire
loue
or
inclination
of
good
will
they
bare
to
the
King
his
maister
,
but
to
the
entent
that
of
a
suspected
friend
,
they
would
not
make
him
an
open
enemy
.
But
afterward
when
it
was
reported
to
them
,
that
Phillip
went
about
to
transport
his
army
into
Italy
,
they
sent
the
Pretor
Leuinus
with
an
army
well
prepared
&
furnished
,
to
stop
him
of
his
passage
;
who
after
he
was
arriued
in
Greece
,
with
his
faire
and
large
promises
,
compelled
the
Etolians
,
to
take
warre
in
hand
against
Phillip
:
and
on
the
other
side
,
Phillip
exasperated
what
he
could
,
to
perswade
the
Etolians
to
ioyn
warre
with
him
against
the
Romaines
.
But
in
the
meane
time
,
the
Dardanians
began
to
wast
the
borders
of
Macedon
,
and
hauing
led
away
twenty
thousand
prisoners
,
constrained
Phillip
to
●etire
home
The
Darda●●ans
〈◊〉
Macedon
.
from
inuading
the
Romaines
,
to
the
defence
of
his
owne
kingdome
.
While
these
affaires
had
theyr
performance
,
the
Pretor
Leuinus
entring
into
a
league
with
king
Attalus
,
wasted
the
Countrey
of
Greece
,
with
the
which
losse
and
destruction
,
the
citties
being
amazed
and
striken
into
feare
,
they
sent
diuers
Ambassadors
to
Phillip
,
desiring
aide
of
him
.
The
king
of
Illiria
also
his
next
neighbor
,
bordering
vpon
the
same
side
of
Macedon
,
made
incessant
sute
,
that
he
would
performe
his
promise
.
Further
,
the
Macedons
sollicyted
him
instanly
,
to
reuenge
the
wasting
of
his
owne
countrey
:
with
which
so
many
and
so
waighty
matters
,
he
was
so
sore
oppressed
,
and
as
it
were
besiedged
at
once
,
that
he
was
in
a
maze
which
of
them
(
the
necessety
being
great
in
all
)
to
remedy
first
.
Yet
notwithstanding
he
promised
to
send
friendly
succours
to
euery
one
of
them
ere
long
,
so
deferring
them
,
not
because
he
was
not
able
to
performe
as
much
as
hee
promised
,
but
to
the
entent
that
by
putting
them
all
in
comfort
,
he
might
retaine
and
keepe
them
his
friends
stil.
But
the
first
voyage
he
tooke
in
hand
,
was
against
the
Dardanians
,
who
watching
the
time
to
finde
●m
from
home
,
determined
to
take
their
aduantage
,
and
to
inuade
Macedon
with
a
greater
puis●ance
in
his
absence
.
Also
he
made
peace
with
the
Romaines
,
and
so
being
Philip
makes
peace
with
the
Romans
.
contented
to
haue
delayed
the
Romaines
warres
against
Macedon
for
a
time
,
he
laide
waight
to
entrape
Phylopemenes
Duke
of
the
Acheans
,
who
as
it
was
signefied
to
him
,
stirred
the
Romaines
and
the
mindes
of
his
confederates
against
him
.
But
Phylopemenes
hauing
knowledge
thereof
,
and
so
auoyding
the
danger
of
the
same
,
compelled
the
Acheans
by
his
authority
to
rebell
against
him
.
The
XxX
Booke
of
Iustine
.
THE
ARGVMENT
.
THe
s●outhfulnesse
of
Ptolomy
king
of
Egypt
.
Antiochus
inuadeth
Egypt
,
and
is
put
to
the
foile
.
Ptolomy
giueth
himselfe
vtterly
to
ryot
.
He
dyeth
.
His
Concubins
are
hanged
vp
.
The
Romaines
take
the
gouernance
of
the
young
king
.
The
Greekes
rebell
against
Phillip
king
of
Macedon
.
He
desireth
peace
with
the
Romaines
,
a
quaking
of
the
Sea
,
and
an
earthquake
in
Asia
.
Phillip
is
vanquished
in
battell
by
the
Romaines
,
spoiled
of
all
his
Dominions
,
saving
onely
the
realme
of
Macedon
.
The
Etolians
prouoke
Antigonus
to
make
warre
vppon
the
Romaines
.
DVring
the
continuance
,
that
Phillip
was
thus
earnestly
occupied
about
great
and
waighty
affaires
in
Macedon
,
Ptolomy
behaued
himselfe
cleane
contrary
in
Egypt
.
For
after
he
had
obtained
the
kingdome
,
by
playing
the
paracide
and
murdering
both
his
parents
,
and
that
hee
had
moreouer
killed
his
naturall
brother
as
though
he
had
atchieued
all
things
as
he
desired
prosperously
,
he
gaue
himselfe
to
riot
,
and
in
such
excesse
that
all
the
realme
endeuored
after
his
steps
,
and
as
a
lanthorne
made
to
giue
light
to
the
followers
,
so
they
tooke
from
him
.
By
meanes
whereof
,
not
onely
his
Noble
men
and
officers
,
but
also
his
men
of
warre
,
laying
aside
the
recreation
of
chiualry
,
and
feates
of
armes
,
fashioned
themselues
in
sted
of
more
worthy
exercises
,
to
sloth
and
idlenesse
.
Antiochus
king
of
Syria
,
being
prouoked
with
an
old
grudge
(
which
long
had
laine
smothered
,
but
not
forgot
)
betweene
these
two
realms
,
raised
expeditiously
a
populous
army
,
with
which
hostile
forces
,
he
conquered
many
citties
and
also
set
footting
into
Egypt
.
Ptolomy
trembling
for
feare
at
these
sodaine
and
vnexpected
powers
,
and
being
taken
vnprouided
,
and
presently
to
bid
him
a
resistance
,
besought
Antyochus
by
his
Ambassadors
,
that
hee
would
respit
him
but
so
long
til
he
had
raised
a
power
,
wherin
he
would
try
the
fortune
of
his
renowne
in
one
aduenture
.
Afterward
hauing
hired
a
great
host
out
of
Greece
,
he
fought
a
prosperous
battell
,
and
had
vtterly
bereft
Antiochus
of
his
kingdome
,
if
he
had
furthered
his
good
fortune
he
had
a
foote
by
prowesse
.
But
he
being
content
with
the
recouery
of
the
Cities
he
had
lost
,
desirously
concluded
a
peace
,
and
tooke
the
occasion
of
quietnesse
when
it
was
offered
him
:
but
after
this
successe
,
like
a
swine
that
returnes
again
to
his
mire
,
or
like
The
〈◊〉
li●e
of
Ptolomy
Philopater
an
old
sore
sooner
cut
off
then
clensed
;
he
fell
to
wallowing
againe
in
his
old
accustomed
slouthfulnesse
;
and
as
fire
folowes
smoke
,
so
one
sinne
traceth
another
,
he
after
flew
Euridice
his
wife
being
his
owne
sister
,
through
the
flattering
and
bewitcht
enticements
of
a
harlot
called
Agathoclea
,
with
whom
he
was
betrothed
in
affection
.
And
so
forgetting
quite
the
renowne
of
his
name
,
and
neglecting
the
maiesty
of
his
kingdome
,
he
spent
the
night
in
incontynency
,
and
the
day
in
voluptuous
feasting
.
Besides
this
the
more
to
enflame
his
lecherous
appetite
,
he
had
at
his
feastes
musicall
singing
and
dauncing
.
Neither
could
this
King
heere
content
himselfe
with
the
beholding
of
other
,
but
also
like
a
maister
of
misrule
or
a
Mercenary
fidler
,
would
play
publikly
vpon
Instruments
himselfe
.
These
were
the
first
plagues
and
priuy
maladies
broke
out
to
greater
sores
,
and
were
afterward
the
decay
of
his
royall
house
:
for
not
long
after
,
both
he
and
such
Schollers
which
from
him
as
their
tuter
had
tane
theyr
practise
,
they
grew
to
such
a
lycentious
liberty
,
and
the
harlot
waxed
so
Impudent
and
bould
,
that
the
courte
within
the
walles
was
not
able
to
conteine
her
.
For
the
vnspeakeable
sinne
that
the
King
diurnally
vsed
with
her
brother
Agathocles
,
made
her
the
more
to
be
bold
and
presume
vpon
the
King
,
and
to
beare
her selfe
the
more
stately
and
arrogant
.
And
to
the
encreasement
hereof
,
came
to
the
court
her
mother
Euanthe
,
with
whose
custome
also
the
King
taking
a
liking
,
shee
with
her
daliance
so
allured
his
hart
vnto
her
,
that
of
her
he
begot
two
sonnes
.
By
meanes
whereof
althese
,
thinking
their
security
and
foundation
thereof
now
vnpossible
to
be
shooke
,
and
not
being
content
with
the
king
,
though
they
held
the
kingdome
also
;
now
they
must
come
abroad
to
be
seene
in
the
open
view
and
face
of
the
world
;
now
they
must
be
saluted
,
now
they
must
be
waighted
vpon
.
Agathocles
sitting
cheeke
by
cheeke
with
the
king
,
in
his
regall
throane
,
ruled
the
realme
at
his
owne
pleasure
.
The
women
disposed
Marshalships
of
the
hoast
,
Lieutenantships
of
prouinces
,
and
Captainships
as
it
pleased
them
,
so
that
ordering
all
things
for
the
publicke
Weale
,
ther
was
no
man
in
the
realme
that
could
do
lesse
then
the
king
himselfe
.
At
the
length
he
died
,
leauing
behind
him
a
sonne
of
fiue
The
death
of
Ptolomy
yeeres
old
,
begot
of
his
Sister
Euridice
.
But
whilst
these
Harlots
practised
to
haue
robbed
and
made
spoile
of
the
treasure
,
and
compact
themselues
confederates
The
b●ni●hment
of
his
strumpets
.
with
the
most
dissolute
persons
,
and
desperate
reprobates
in
the
kingdome
;
to
the
intent
to
depriue
the
right
heir
of
his
inheritance
,
by
keeping
secret
the
death
of
Phillip
long
after
his
decease
.
Neuerthelesse
his
conspiracy
was
not
so
concealed
but
it
came
to
light
,
and
for
Iustice
,
the
people
ran
vpon
Agathocles
and
killed
him
,
and
the
Women
in
reuenge
of
Euridice
were
hanged
vp
vpon
Gibbets
.
And
thus
the
notorious
infamy
of
the
realme
being
purged
and
put
away
,
by
the
death
of
the
king
and
the
punishment
of
his
strumpets
,
the
men
of
Alexandria
sent
Ambassadors
to
the
Romaines
,
desiring
them
to
take
vpon
them
the
protection
of
their
Orphan
King
,
and
the
gouerment
of
his
kingdome
of
Egypt
,
which
they
auouched
that
Phillip
and
Antiochus
had
already
The
Romans
protectors
of
Egypt
.
bought
and
told
,
intending
to
deuide
and
part
it
between
them
.
The
Romaines
very
glad
of
this
Ambassage
,
as
they
that
sought
occasion
of
Warre
against
Phillip
,
to
be
reuengd
of
his
purpose
&
do
them
displeasure
,
in
the
time
of
their
Warres
with
the
Carthageniens
.
Besides
,
after
they
had
in
set
battell
subdued
the
Carthagenians
,
and
repulst
Hanniball
,
inforcing
him
to
slight
,
they
feared
no
mannes
puissance
,
nor
the
Hostility
he
coulde
rayse
more
then
Phillips
,
accounting
with
themselus
,
what
a
trouble
and
damage
Pirrhus
had
put
Italy
vnto
,
as
it
were
with
so
small
a
handfull
of
Macedons
,
and
howe
great
enterprises
the
same
people
hadde
atchiued
in
the
East
.
Hereupon
Ambassadors
were
sent
to
Antiochus
and
Phillip
,
willing
them
least
they
inferre
further
daunger
vppon
their
owne
,
not
to
molest
and
meddle
with
the
kingdome
of
Egypt
,
nor
the
subiects
thereof
.
Furthermore
M.
Lepidus
vppon
the
acceptance
of
the
former
treaty
,
was
dispatched
with
commission
into
Egipt
to
take
vpon
him
the
protection
of
the
child
,
and
the
administration
of
the
realme
.
Iust
about
the
same
time
,
the
Ambassadors
of
Attalus
king
of
Pergamus
and
the
Ambassadors
of
the
Rhodians
came
to
Rome
,
heauily
to
complain
of
insufferable
wrongs
King
Phillip
had
done
vnto
them
.
In
which
complaint
,
and
for
redresse
of
which
,
the
Senate
were
stirred
to
take
Counsell
and
set
Complaint●s
against
Phi●●p
b●
the
Romans
.
forward
the
Warres
of
Macedon
foorthwith
.
So
that
vnder
pretence
of
ayding
their
confederates
,
Warre
was
decreed
against
Phillip
,
and
a
consull
was
sent
with
an
Army
into
Macedon
:
vpon
whose
arriual
,
it
was
not
longe
before
all
Greece
vpon
trust
of
the
Romaines
rose
against
Phillip
,
in
hope
to
recouer
their
auntient
liberty
,
and
made
warre
vpon
him
.
By
means
wherof
the
King
was
so
assaulted
on
euery
side
,
that
he
was
constrayned
to
desire
peace
.
When
the
Articles
thereof
shoulde
haue
bene
propounded
by
the
Romaines
,
bo●h
Attalus
,
the
Rhodians
,
the
Acheans
,
and
the
Etolians
,
demaunded
restitution
of
that
had
bin
robbed
from
them
,
on
the
otherside
,
Phillip
graunted
that
he
could
be
content
to
be
ruled
,
and
haue
the
affaires
arbytrated
by
the
Romaines
,
but
he
proposed
that
it
was
vnfit
the
Greekes
beeing
vanquished
by
his
predecessors
Phillip
and
Alexander
,
and
subdued
vnder
the
yoke
of
the
Empire
of
Macedon
,
should
like
Conquerours
prescribe
the
Articles
of
peace
,
and
not
rather
bee
driuen
to
a
streight
accounte
of
theyr
disobedience
,
ere
they
presume
to
challenge
any
liberty
.
Neuerthelesse
,
at
length
by
much
intreatance
they
grannted
him
a
truce
for
two
monthes
,
that
a
longer
peace
which
could
not
be
agreed
vppon
in
Macedon
,
might
be
requested
of
the
Senat
in
Rome
.
The
same
yeere
betweene
the
Islandes
of
Theramene
,
and
Therasia
,
in
the
midway
betweene
the
Shores
,
there
was
a
great
Earth-quake
in
the
sea
.
By
meanes
of
the
which
(
to
the
great
admiration
of
such
as
sayled
that
waye
)
A
terrible
Earthquake
.
suddainely
out
of
the
deepe
,
floted
vp
an
Islande
with
hotte
Waters
;
and
in
Asia
the
very
same
day
,
another
Earthquake
snaked
the
Citty
of
rhodes
,
and
many
other
Citties
,
subuerting
many
gorgeous
houses
and
pallaces
,
and
throwinge
downe
manye
rich
and
goodly
buildinges
,
and
edificies
,
whereof
some
were
swallowed
vppe
whole
.
At
which
wonder
all
men
were
sore
affraid
,
and
the
Southsayers
prophecied
,
that
the
Romaine
Empire
then
beginning
to
spring
vp
,
should
deuour
the
old
Empire
of
the
Greekes
and
Macedons
.
In
the
meane
season
the
peace
was
reiected
by
the
Senate
,
whereupon
Phillip
sollicitted
the
Tyrant
Nabis
to
take
his
part
,
and
ioyne
with
him
against
the
romaines
:
so
that
when
hee
Philip
maintaine
th
the
Macedons
against
the
Romans
.
had
brought
his
hoast
into
the
field
,
and
his
enemies
were
standing
in
order
of
battell
against
him
,
he
beganne
to
incourage
his
men
,
rehearsing
howe
the
Macedons
had
conquered
the
Persians
,
the
Bactrians
,
the
Indians
,
and
in
briefe
all
Asia
,
euen
to
the
very
vttermost
border
of
the
East
;
exhorting
and
aduising
them
,
that
so
much
more
force
and
courage
they
ought
to
shew
in
this
battell
,
as
liberty
is
a
thing
of
greater
price
,
and
shold
rather
be
sought
for
then
Dominion
.
Flamminius
also
the
Romaine
Consull
,
hartned
vp
and
incouraged
his
men
for
this
encounter
,
by
putting
them
in
minde
,
and
renewing
in
their
Flaminius
in
courageth
the
Romans
.
remembrance
,
the
famous
victories
they
had
lately
atchiued
and
brought
to
passe
;
shewing
unto
them
,
how
that
on
the
one
side
,
Carthage
and
Sicill
,
were
conquered
,
and
on
the
otherside
,
Italy
and
Spaine
recouered
,
by
the
prowesse
and
Noblenesse
of
the
thrice-woorthy
Romains
.
Also
,
that
Hannibal
was
little
or
nothing
inferriour
vnto
great
Alexander
;
after
whose
expulsion
out
of
Italy
,
they
had
subdued
a
great
part
of
Affricke
,
being
the
thirde
part
of
the
world
.
Nor
were
the
Macedons
to
be
any
thing
the
better
esteemed
of
,
by
the
ancient
renowne
of
their
predecessors
,
but
according
unto
the
power
and
strength
they
were
then
fortified
and
strenthened
withall
,
for
their
defence
at
that
present
.
For
they
shoulde
not
incounter
with
great
Alexander
,
whose
prosperity
was
such
in
his
wars
,
that
he
was
reported
to
be
invincible
,
nor
with
his
huge
and
mighty
army
that
conquered
al
th
east
,
but
Phillip
a
child
which
had
not
yet
scarce
attaind
to
the
years
of
discretion
,
and
iudgement
,
who
had
work
inough
to
defend
his
kingdome
against
his
neerest
neighbours
,
much
lesse
against
them
,
chosen
not
from
the
meanest
of
the
Romaines
;
besides
they
were
to
aduenture
themselues
with
those
Macedons
,
which
but
euen
the
other
day
almost
were
spoiled
and
led
away
prisoners
by
the
Dardani●ns
,
and
were
able
to
report
no
merit
of
their
own
,
but
onely
had
to
boast
of
the
renowned
acts
of
their
auncostors
.
Whereas
the
Romains
might
iustly
and
worthily
relate
the
deeds
done
by
themselues
and
their
Souldiors
.
For
it
was
no
other
hoast
that
subdued
Hanniball
and
the
Carthagenians
,
and
almost
al
the
West
,
then
the
very
same
Army
whom
he
had
there
standing
in
battell
arraye
,
and
with
whome
,
(
woulde
every
one
but
from
his
forwardnesse
theyr
generall
take
president
,
)
he
accounted
it
no
hazard
likewise
to
subdue
these
.
With
these
encouragements
the
mindes
of
both
the
Armies
being
inflamed
they
ran
si●rcely
to
the
encounter
,
the
one
part
glorying
in
the
Empire
of
the
East
,
the
other
in
as
great
Dominion
of
the
West
:
the
one
bringing
in
to
the
battell
with
them
the
auncient
and
foreworne
renowne
of
their
predecessors
,
the
other
the
fresh
,
greene
,
and
florishing
Flower
of
their
late
tryed
knighthood
and
chiualry
:
But
the
Romaines
had
the
fortune
to
vanquish
the
Macedons
,
and
Phillip
being
vtterly
discouraged
by
this
ouerthrow
,
and
desiring
peace
of
the
consull
Flaminius
,
retained
still
the
name
of
a
King
though
he
was
bereft
of
al
the
Cities
of
Greece
,
which
were
as
it
were
the
members
of
his
kingdome
,
and
which
were
scituate
without
the
bounds
of
his
auncient
inheritance
,
so
that
all
that
spatious
world
which
his
father
conquered
,
he
had
no
more
left
him
to
gouerne
,
but
onely
the
Countrey
of
Macedon
.
And
yet
the
Etolians
being
offended
,
that
at
their
pleasure
Macedon
also
was
not
taken
from
him
and
giuen
to
them
,
as
a
recompence
in
reguard
of
their
paines
taken
in
the
warre
,
sent
Ambassadors
to
Antiochus
,
who
by
flattering
him
,
in
aduauncing
his
puissance
and
chiualry
,
hoped
thereby
to
inforce
him
to
make
warre
against
the
Romaines
,
and
in
trust
that
as
partakers
therin
,
al
Greece
would
take
his
part
,
graunted
their
request
.
The
end
of
the
xxx
.
Booke
.
THE
XXXI
.
BOOKE
OF
Iustine
.
THE
ARGVMENT
.
ANtiochus
inuadeth
the
territories
of
the
Dominion
o●
Egypt
.
The
Romaines
proclaime
warre
against
him
.
Nabis
king
of
Lacedemon
subdueth
many
citties
in
Greece
.
The
Romans
send
Ambassadors
to
take
note
of
the
proceedings
of
Hanniball
in
Affricke
,
and
to
kill
him
.
He
espieth
their
purpose
and
slyeth
vnto
Antiochus
.
Nabi●
is
vanquished
by
Flaminius
,
after
whose
departure
he
followeth
the
warres
againe
.
Hanniball
is
highly
entertained
by
Antiochus
.
He
giueth
counsell
how
to
proceede
in
his
warres
against
the
Romaines
.
Sendeth
a
messenger
to
Carthage
,
to
stirre
them
to
rebellion
.
The
Romaines
send
Ambassadors
to
Antiochus
,
who
through
their
daily
conuersation
with
Hannibal
,
bring
him
in
the
kings
displeasure
,
who
neuerthelesse
sheweth
his
opinion
,
as
concerning
the
warres
with
the
Romans
,
the
which
is
neglected
.
Antiochus
is
ouercome
of
the
Romans
,
and
taketh
Hanniball
into
fauor
againe
.
Hanniball
is
put
to
the
worse
vppon
the
sea
.
The
magnanimitie
of
Scipyo
Affricanus
.
Articles
of
peace
are
propounded
,
and
reiected
by
Antiochus
.
The
Romaines
come
to
Troy
.
Autiochus
is
vanquished
with
a
great
slaughter
,
and
peace
graunted
him
vppon
the
foresayd
articles
.
WHen
Ptolomy-Philopater
was
dead
,
Antiochus
king
of
Sirya
disdaining
his
little
sonne
being
so
young
(
who
being
Antiochus
invadeth
Egypt
.
the
onely
hope
of
the
Ptolomies
lefte
to
inherit
the
kingdom
,
was
euen
as
a
pray
to
his
owne
subiects
)
purposed
to
conquer
Egypt
.
Whereupon
when
he
had
inuaded
Phenice
and
the
other
citties
scituat
in
Syria
,
but
vnder
the
dominion
of
Egypt
,
the
Senat
of
Rome
sent
Ambassadors
to
him
,
and
by
them
willing
him
to
abstaine
from
the
Orphans
kingdome
,
both
him
,
and
which
,
was
by
the
last
will
of
his
father
soueraigne
thereof
,
left
in
trust
with
them
,
and
committed
to
their
charge
:
who
being
sent
away
with
a
sleeuelesse
answer
,
immediately
after
arriued
another
Ambassador
,
who
not
treating
with
him
in
a
milde
forme
,
like
the
former
,
but
commaunded
them
to
make
restitution
with
full
amends
,
of
the
Citties
that
by
the
law
of
Armes
appertained
of
right
to
the
Romaines
.
Vpon
his
resusall
they
made
their
defiance
,
the
which
as
he
lightly
receiued
,
so
he
as
vnfortunately
performed
.
At
the
same
time
the
Tyrant
Nabis
,
subdued
many
Citties
in
Greece
.
The
Senat
therefore
least
the
Roma●nes
should
be
intangled
in
two
Warres
at
one
instant
,
wrote
vnto
Flamminius
,
that
like
as
he
had
deliuered
Macedon
from
the
bondage
of
Phillip
,
so
if
he
should
thinke
it
requisite
,
he
should
releeue
Greece
from
the
subiection
of
Nabis
.
In
consideration
whereof
,
his
authority
was
proroged
.
For
the
name
of
Hanniball
made
the
Warres
of
Antiochus
terrible
,
whome
his
cnuions
aduersaries
had
accused
to
the
Romaines
of
secret
conspiracy
with
Antiochus
,
alledging
that
the
ambition
of
his
hart
,
would
not
suffer
him
to
be
subingate
and
liue
vnder
the
correction
of
a
law
,
which
was
necessary
in
euery
republicke
,
who
had
bene
accustomed
also
vnto
soueraignty
,
and
to
the
too
much
licentious
liberty
of
the
camp
.
And
the
rest
which
the
Cittizens
inioyd
after
labor
,
quietnes
,
without
turmoile
;
peace
,
and
the
plentie
thereof
;
a
publicke
●●nquility
,
and
the
prosperity
thereo●
;
seemed
so
●edious
and
burthensome
to
him
to
indure
,
whose
bodie
and
faculties
had
bene
so
inured
,
and
as
it
were
made
ordinary
vnto
him
,
in
the
practise
and
labour
of
Martiall
affaires
,
that
the
lacke
of
excercise
therein
made
him
seseem
loathsome
to
himselfe
;
for
redresse
of
which
incombrance
,
he
daylye
sought
to
picke
out
some
new
quarrel
,
tothe
intent
he
might
haue
occasion
to
set
a
foot
fresh
warres
againe
between
●hem
.
Which
information
of
theirs
,
though
it
was
giuen
and
reported
against
him
contrary
to
truth
,
yet
notwithstanding
among
them
that
stood
in
dread
of
him
,
and
to
preuent
the
danger
of
their
feare
,
caught
hold
at
the
least
occasion
might
intrap
him
,
they
were
belieued
,
or
at
least
held
vp
these
suggestions
for
credible
instances
:
and
testimonies
such
,
that
gaue
manifest
signe
whereby
to
suspect
him
.
Whereupon
the
Senate
being
possest
of
some
distrust
in
him
,
Seruilyus
was
sent
by
them
Ambassador
into
Affricke
,
to
take
note
of
the
demeanor
of
〈…〉
Hanniball
,
of
his
publike
carriage
,
and
to
gather
by
intelligences
(
which
he
might
disperse
in
the
Citty
)
what
priuately
the
multitude
whispered
of
his
proceedings
,
what
was
the
resort
to
him
,
&
how
and
to
whom
he
dispersed
himselfe
abroad
,
withall
gaue
him
secretly
in
charge
,
that
if
it
were
possible
,
hee
shoulde
contriue
with
some
of
his
aduersaries
,
to
finde
meanes
to
kill
him
.
But
this
secret
working
of
theirs
,
was
not
so
closely
carried
,
that
it
could
〈…〉
.
be
kept
from
Hanniball
,
who
being
a
wise
and
expert
Captaine
,
both
in
foreseeing
and
auoyding
of
daungers
,
and
a
man
so
gouerned
,
that
was
diligent
as
well
to
preuent
aduersity
in
the
time
of
prosperity
,
as
industrious
to
purchase
and
worke
out
of
filicity
,
out
of
the
violence
of
danger
.
T●erefore
when
he
had
presented
himselfe
all
the
day
in
the
viewe
of
the
Noble
men
and
of
the
Romaine
Ambassadors
,
and
with
lookes
abounding
in
curtesie
,
gaue
them
princely
entertainement
,
in
the
close
and
shutting
in
of
the
two
doores
betwixt
day
and
night
,
he
secretly
tooke
horse
,
and
rode
to
a
mannor
that
he
had
scituate
in
the
subburbes
,
and
bordering
neere
vpon
the
Sea
side
,
without
making
any
of
his
seruants
witnesses
to
his
entent
,
onely
willing
them
to
waight
at
the
gate
till
his
returne
.
Vp
to
this
mannor
came
a
creeke
of
the
Sea
,
where
he
had
prouided
ships
in
readinesse
for
himselfe
,
and
Marriners
in
readinesse
for
them
.
Moreouer
he
had
furnisht
himselfe
with
a
great
summe
of
mony
,
both
to
defend
him
in
what
necessity
soere
chanced
,
and
least
by
the
want
thereof
,
his
iourney
which
he
purposed
to
vndertake
,
might
there
by
be
resisted
:
and
thervpon
with
a
company
of
his
seruants
which
from
the
rest
he
had
selected
,
and
whom
by
a
former
experience
of
their
vndoubted
lou●
to
him
,
he
was
perswaded
he
might
trust
,
(
the
number
of
whom
being
increased
with
Italyan
prisoners
)
he
tooke
shipping
and
directed
his
course
to
Antigonus
.
The
succeeding
day
,
the
Citty
attended
in
the
Iudgement
hal
for
the
comming
of
their
Prince
,
and
the
same
time
their
consull
.
But
when
they
heard
certainely
of
his
so
sudden
and
vnexpected
escape
,
their
harts
trembled
for
feare
,
as
carefull
Cittizens
do
when
there
Citty
is
besiedged
,
fea●ing
least
it
should
be
sackt
,
all
misdoubting
that
his
departure
would
redound
to
their
vtter
destruction
.
The
Romaine
Ambassador
,
as
though
Hannibal
had
euen
then
made
warre
vpon
Italy
,
with
quick
despatch
returned
to
Rome
,
deliuering
the
sorrowfull
tidings
thereof
to
the
Senat.
In
the
meane
time
Flaminius
hauing
ioyned
himselfe
in
confederacy
with
diuers
Citties
in
Greece
,
vanquished
Nabis
Nabis
ouercome
.
in
two
seueral
pitcht
fieldes
one
after
another
.
By
meanes
whereof
hauing
brought
him
to
so
low
an
ebbe
,
that
all
his
fortunes
being
desolated
and
as
it
were
melted
from
him
,
he
lest
him
in
his
kingdome
,
as
a
man
that
had
receiued
to
himselfe
of
all
his
pristine
dignity
,
nothing
but
the
comfort
of
a
careful
Nabis
againe
r●neweth
the
Warre
life
.
But
after
that
this
Flaminius
hadde
withdrawne
his
Garrifons
out
of
the
citties
,
and
conueied
his
host
backe
againe
into
Italy
,
Nabis
being
entised
when
so
faire
leisure
was
offered
(
and
the
rather
for
that
he
saw
no
man
of
eminent
place
or
note
worthy
to
keepe
possession
against
him
)
to
giue
life
to
a
second
warre
;
raised
a
power
and
suddenly
inuaded
many
cittyes
.
Wherewith
the
Acheans
being
first
dismaide
,
and
doubting
least
the
mischiefe
wherwith
their
neighbours
had
beene
entangled
,
should
creepe
vpon
●hemselues
,
determined
first
to
make
warr
against
Nabis
,
whom
they
feared
if
he
were
not
withstood
in
his
course
,
would
do
no
lesse
vpon
them
.
Of
which
warres
they
made
lieuetenant
general
their
Pretor
Philopemenes
,
a
man
of
excelent
merit
in
himselfe
,
The
worthy
praise
o●●●●lopem●nes
.
and
of
cheefe
reguard
among
them
,
who
behaued
himselfe
so
valiantly
in
the
tr●st
they
reposed
in
him
,
both
for
the
dignity
of
his
owne
name
,
and
the
aduancement
of
his
Nation
,
that
by
the
Iudgement
of
al
,
he
was
fit
to
be
compared
with
Flaminius
the
Grand-captaine
of
the
Romaines
.
The
same
time
,
and
by
this
,
Hanniball
was
artiued
and
had
ioyned
his
power
H●●●bals
entertain
to
〈◊〉
.
in
the
strengthning
of
Antiochus
,
and
of
whom
for
loue
that
he
conceiued
of
him
,
at
his
first
comming
,
he
was
entertained
and
welcomed
as
a
guest
sent
from
the
Goddes
,
and
the
king
,
in
the
the
hope
that
he
had
of
●●m
and
his
valor
,
vtterly
despised
him
.
So
that
a
counsell
called
,
and
so
a
question
propounded
,
when
euery
man
seuerally
had
giuen
his
opinion
,
Antiochus
lastly
asked
him
of
his
adiuce
.
Which
charge
Hanniball
understanding
well
,
replyed
to
the
King
that
hee
perceiued
he
was
not
called
because
his
maiesty
thought
himselfe
to
haue
had
neede
of
his
counsel
,
but
onely
to
supply
and
fill
vp
the
number
of
sentences
.
Neuerthelesse
,
for
the
anciant
hatred
he
had
and
did
maintaine
to
the
Romans
,
and
for
the
good
he
wished
,
and
the
entire
deuotion
he
had
,
and
was
so
in
Hannibal
ad●●●●th
to
m●i
●●●●ne
w●●●
wi●h
the
Romains
.
duety
bound
to
beare
vnto
the
King
,
as
in
whose
court
onely
hee
had
refuge
in
the
time
of
his
banishment
,
he
would
discusse
what
co●●se
his
experience
thought
most
saffest
for
him
to
vndertake
his
warres
in
.
And
thereupon
desired
pardon
for
whatsoeuer
he
should
speake
in
that
behalfe
,
since
he
intended
to
deliuer
his
opinion
largely
.
First
,
he
vrged
that
he
dis●●kd
their
general
opinions
in
that
behalfe
;
as
that
Greece
should
be
the
place
wherein
to
make
war
,
seeing
that
Italy
was
better
for
the
maintaining
of
the
same
:
neither
might
the
Romaines
be
vanquished
but
by
their
own
weapons
;
nor
Italy
otherwaies
subdued
then
by
her
owne
power
.
For
as
the
disposition
and
nature
of
those
peoplewas
contrary
from
other
Nations
,
so
that
of
force
the
warres
were
to
be
ordered
otherwaies
,
then
against
other
enemies
.
In
other
warres
,
it
is
fu●therance
and
aduantage
to
the
one
part
,
to
search
for
the
benifit
of
the
place
,
to
take
occasion
of
the
time
,
or
to
haue
wasted
their
fields
and
villages
:
But
with
the
Romaine
,
whether
you
haue
gotten
any
successe
before
,
or
whether
you
haue
ouercome
him
in
the
instant
,
you
must
be
enforced
euen
then
to
wrastel
with
him
,
when
he
lieth
vanquished
at
your
foo●e
.
Wherefore
if
they
be
assailed
in
Italy
,
it
is
possible
to
ouer
come
them
with
their
own
weapons
,
their
own
riches
,
their
own
power
,
euen
as
he
himselfe
already
had
don
.
But
if
any
opposit
shall
suffer
them
to
enjoy
Italy
,
as
the
well
spring
of
their
strength
,
he
shall
bee
as
far
from
attayning
his
purpose
,
as
a
man
to
compel
back
a
riuer
against
the
streme
,
or
to
dry
it
vp
,
not
first
beginning
to
stop
it
at
the
head
,
but
at
such
place
where
waters
were
most
deepest
and
most
encreased
.
This
related
was
his
opinion
in
himselfe
.
Whereupon
he
was
minded
to
haue
offered
his
seruice
and
aduice
vnrequested
,
which
now
he
had
presented
amongst
those
his
friendes
so
openly
,
to
the
entent
they
might
fully
vnderstand
,
how
to
make
war
against
the
romaines
,
who
out
of
their
owne
countrey
were
inuincible
,
and
at
home
on
their
owne
thresholds
easie
to
be
subdued
.
Insomuch
that
it
was
a
far
easier
labor
to
depose
The
N●●ure
o●
ambition
.
them
of
Rome
then
to
set
them
beside
their
Empire
,
and
to
driue
them
out
of
Italy
,
then
out
of
their
prouinces
.
For
their
citty
had
bin
sacked
by
the
French
men
and
they
themselues
almost
vtterly
destroyed
by
him
,
and
yet
he
could
honorably
boast
he
was
neuer
vanquished
by
them
before
,
out
of
their
contrey
.
But
assoone
as
he
was
returned
vnto
Carthage
,
immediately
with
the
place
was
also
altered
the
fortune
of
the
warres
.
The
Kings
counsell
not
reguarding
the
profitablenesse
of
this
aduice
,
seduced
the
king
with
earnest
perswasion
from
the
pertaking
it
,
least
if
it
should
be
alowed
and
fauored
of
the
king
,
he
againe
would
be
reduced
into
his
former
fauor
and
accepted
before
any
of
them
.
Ant●●chus
,
misliked
not
so
much
the
counsell
,
as
the
author
thereof
,
least
the
glory
of
the
victory
should
redound
to
Hanniball
and
not
to
him
:
thus
thorough
flattery
and
ambition
,
nothing
was
well
ordered
.
The
king
all
the
winter
season
giuing
himselfe
to
riot
and
pastime
was
euery
day
making
new
marriages
.
On
the
contrary
part
Attalus
the
Romaine
consull
who
was
sent
to
those
warres
(
with
all
diligence
preparing
men
and
armor
withal
other
munition
,
artillery
,
and
abylements
for
the
warre
)
strengthened
the
citties
that
were
in
confederacy
;
allured
such
as
were
neuters
,
and
in
conclusion
according
as
either
part
laid
before
for
their
furniture
,
so
had
they
successe
in
what
they
vndertooke
.
In
the
first
encounter
,
when
the
king
saw
Antiochus
put
to
flight
.
his
men
retire
and
giue
backe
,
his
cowardise
did
not
releeue
them
with
fresh
succors
,
but
offered
himselfe
captaine
of
such
as
first
ran
away
,
and
left
his
camp
replenished
with
alriches
to
his
enemy
.
When
he
had
by
flight
escaped
into
Asia
,
while
the
Romans
,
were
occupied
in
gathering
the
spoile
,
hee
had
leisure
to
repent
him
that
he
had
reiected
Hannibals
counsell
,
and
thereupon
Hannibal
againe
receiud
to
fauour
.
taking
him
into
fauor
againe
,
promised
him
he
would
order
all
his
affaires
fully
according
to
his
discretion
.
In
the
meane
season
he
was
aduertisd
Liuinus
Menenius
a
Roman
captaine
,
appointed
admirall
of
the
sea
by
the
Senat
,
was
comming
towards
him
with
fourescore
ships
of
warre
;
which
tidings
put
him
in
cheerefull
comforte
to
recouere
his
misfortune
:
Therefore
he
determined
to
encounter
with
him
by
the
way
,
before
the
citties
which
as
yet
held
their
aliance
with
him
,
were
reuolted
to
the
Romaines
,
hoping
to
abolish
the
dishonor
of
discomfiture
of
Greece
,
by
a
new
victory
.
But
neither
were
the
men
of
Asia
able
in
this
conflict
to
match
with
the
Romaines
,
nor
the
ships
of
like
force
and
needefull
resistance
as
were
the
Romaine
Gallies
,
yet
not
withstanding
the
slaughter
was
the
lesse
,
by
reason
of
the
pollicy
,
prouidence
,
and
Hannibal
being
Admirall
of
the
Nauy
is
ouercome
.
valor
of
the
Captaine
.
The
fame
of
this
victory
was
not
yet
reported
at
Rome
,
and
therefore
the
city
staid
the
creating
of
their
consuls
,
at
which
conuenticle
and
soleme
assembly
,
none
was
thought
fit
nor
of
more
sufficiency
to
bemade
captaine
,
and
haue
commaund
against
Hanniball
,
then
the
brother
of
Affricanus
,
for
that
it
was
the
peculiar
worke
of
the
Scipions
,
to
vanquish
the
Carthageniens
.
Lucius
Scypio
was
created
consull
,
and
his
brother
Affricanus
was
giuen
to
him
as
his
lieuetenant
,
to
the
entent
Antiochus
should
vnderstand
they
had
as
much
confedence
in
their
conqueror
Scypio
,
as
he
had
of
his
vanquished
Hanniball
.
As
the
Scipions
were
conueying
their
host
into
Asia
,
word
was
brought
to
them
,
that
the
brunt
of
the
warre
in
both
places
was
already
past
the
worst
;
so
that
they
should
finde
Antiochus
vanquished
in
battell
on
the
land
,
and
Hanniball
ouercome
at
an
honorable
fight
on
the
sea
.
At
their
first
arriuall
,
Antiochus
sent
Ambassadors
vnto
them
to
entreate
a
peace
,
sending
moreouer
as
a
peculiar
present
vnto
Affricanus
,
his
sonne
,
Antiochus
seekes
peace
.
whom
the
King
had
taken
as
he
was
passing
ouer
in
a
little
barke
;
but
Affricanus
answered
,
that
there
was
great
difference
which
ought
to
be
considered
betweene
benifits
done
to
any
one
person
priuatly
,
and
the
benifits
that
were
done
for
the
publike-weale
of
a
whole
countrey
,
and
the
person
of
a
father
was
naturall
in
himselfe
,
when
the
body
of
a
common-weale
,
consisted
in
the
infinitnesse
of
people
,
and
the
sinewes
of
many
,
which
ought
carefully
to
be
preferd
,
not
onely
before
children
,
but
before
the
originall
and
life
it selfe
,
from
whence
they
had
life
.
Wherfore
as
in
curtesie
he
was
bound
,
and
both
in
nature
and
humanity
it
was
requisit
,
he
returned
the
king
harty
thanks
,
for
his
honorable
present
,
promising
to
reunite
his
bountious
liberality
,
with
some
equall
good
turne
and
answerable
kindnesse
,
if
at
any
time
it
should
lie
in
his
owne
priuate
power
so
to
do
.
But
as
touching
Warre
and
peace
,
he
wished
him
to
expect
from
him
no
other
then
was
lawfull
betwixte
enemy
and
enemy
:
neither
that
he
would
do
more
or
lesse
then
was
requisite
to
the
behoose
of
his
Countrey
.
For
it
was
euer
the
disposition
of
his
thoughtes
,
to
intreat
for
the
ransomming
of
his
sonne
;
nor
suffered
he
the
Senat
,
though
perswaded
therunto
to
go
about
it
,
but
as
appertaind
to
his
honor
,
he
sayd
alwaies
he
would
recouer
him
by
force
of
Armes
,
or
loose
him
.
After
this
were
Articles
of
peace
propounded
,
the
contents
therof
were
,
that
he
s●ould
depart
out
of
Asia
,
suffering
the
Romaines
to
inioy
it
peaceably
,
deliuer
them
their
prisoners
and
runnagates
,
withall
their
ships
,
and
〈…〉
make
restitution
of
all
charges
and
expense
,
that
the
Romaines
had
bin
put
to
in
these
Warres
.
Antiochus
hauing
intelligence
hereof
,
answered
,
he
was
not
as
yet
so
vtterly
vanquished
,
that
he
should
suffer
himselfe
to
be
spoiled
of
his
kingdome
,
expressing
that
it
was
the
next
way
to
prouoke
him
to
warre
,
rather
then
to
allure
him
to
peace
.
But
while
time
gaue
these
two
enemies
leisure
,
for
full
preparing
of
both
their
armies
,
the
Romains
entring
into
Asia
came
to
Troy
,
where
was
held
great
reioycing
,
and
honorable
courtesies
enter
changed
,
The
Romans
com
to
Troy
betweene
the
Troyans
and
the
Romaines
.
The
Troyans
declaring
how
Aeneas
and
the
other
of
their
Captains
came
from
them
,
and
the
Romaines
vaunted
themselues
to
be
discended
of
them
;
so
that
the
ioy
seemed
as
great
betweene
both
parts
,
as
at
the
meeting
betweene
parents
and
children
,
when
eyther
to
other
of
long
haue
bin
supposed
lost
.
It
did
the
Troyans
good
,
that
their
Lynage
hauing
conquered
the
West
,
and
subdued
Affricke
,
did
now
challenge
the
Empire
of
Asia
also
,
as
their
auntient
inheritance
,
and
the
rightful
possession
of
their
fore-fathers
:
saying
it
was
happy
fortune
for
Troy
,
that
it
was
destroyed
,
considering
how
luckely
&
prosperously
it
had
risen
vp
againe
:
on
the
other
side
,
the
Romains
had
an
immeasurable
desire
,
to
see
the
houses
of
their
auncestors
,
the
places
where
their
for-fathers
were
bred
and
born
,
with
the
temples
and
Images
of
their
Goddes
.
Now
when
the
Romaines
were
departed
from
Troy
,
King
Eumenes
mette
them
with
a
power
of
men
in
their
asistance
,
and
not
long
after
a
fielde
was
fought
against
Antic●●us
;
in
which
,
when
a
legion
of
the
right
wing
of
the
Roman
battell
being
put
out
of
artay
,
fled
to
the
campe
,
with
more
shame
then
danger
,
Marchus
A●●elius
Marshal
of
the
hoast
,
being
left
behinde
for
the
defence
of
the
campe
,
commaunded
his
souldiors
to
arme
themselues
and
forthwith
issue
out
of
the
trenches
,
and
with
their
swords
drawn
,
to
mena●e
such
as
offered
to
fly
away
,
that
they
should
suffer
death
euery
subiect
and
fellow
souldior
of
them
,
if
they
returned
not
into
battell
againe
,
and
〈…〉
.
they
shoulde
find
their
owne
campe
hotter
for
their
entertainment
,
then
their
enemies
army
could
be
powerfull
for
their
flight
.
The
legion
being
astonied
at
so
great
a
danger
,
accompanied
with
their
fellowes
that
stopped
them
of
their
cowardise
,
returned
into
the
field
wher
in
The
courage
of
the
Ro●●●s
seeking
to
recouer
,
the
reproch
they
so
worthily
had
incurd
vpon
themselues
,
they
made
a
great
slaughter
of
their
enemies
,
and
were
the
first
meanes
that
begot
hope
of
so
famous
a
victory
.
There
were
of
the
enemies
fifty
thousand
slaine
,
and
a
leauen
thousand
taken
prisoners
:
yet
notwithstanding
when
Antiochus
desired
peace
,
nothing
was
added
to
the
former
articles
,
for
Affricanus
answered
,
it
was
not
the
custom
of
the
Romaines
to
be
discouraged
for
losse
,
nor
to
be
proud
for
prosperity
.
The
cittyes
they
had
taken
they
deuided
among
their
confederats
,
iudging
it
a
greater
reward
to
the
Romans
to
haue
honour
,
then
possessions
:
making
it
probable
,
it
was
meet
for
a
Roman
to
challenge
glory
and
fame
,
&
to
resigne
the
superfluity
of
riches
to
his
partakers
.
The
end
of
the
xxxi
.
Booke
.
THE
XXXII
.
BOOKE
OF
Iustine
.
THE
ARGVMENT
.
THe
Etolians
are
subdued
.
The
Messenians
and
Acheans
striue
for
the
souer
ainty
.
Phylopemenes
Captaine
of
the
Acheans
is
taken
prisoner
and
poysoned
by
the
Messeniens
.
The
Messenians
are
ouercome
and
punished
for
the
death
of
Phylopemenes
.
Antiochus
and
all
his
host
is
slaine
by
the
men
of
the
countrey
.
The
citties
of
Greece
make
complaint
of
Phillip
king
of
Macedon
at
Rome
;
he
is
absoyled
by
the
modesty
of
his
sonne
Demetrius
,
who
by
the
false
acusations
of
his
brother
Perses
is
brought
in
displeasure
with
his
father
and
put
to
death
.
Phillip
dieth
for
sorrow
.
Perses
maketh
pro●ision
for
warre
against
the
Romans
.
The
originall
of
the
Istrians
.
The
ignominy
of
the
Daces
.
Prusias
vpon
trust
of
Hanniball
that
fled
from
Anticchus
vnto
him
,
breaketh
the
truce
against
Eumenes
.
The
pollicy
of
Hanniball
,
conueying
himselfe
out
of
Candy
.
Prusias
is
ouercome
vpon
the
land
.
Hanniball
through
a
suttle
inuention
ouercometh
the
enemy
vpon
the
sea
.
Ambassadors
are
sent
from
Rome
to
set
the
two
kings
at
peace
,
and
to
haue
Hannibals
body
yelded
vp
vnto
them
.
Hanniball
poisoneth
himselfe
.
THe
Etolians
which
had
exasperated
Anticchus
to
commence
warre
against
the
Romaines
,
after
the
day
that
hee
was
thus
subdued
,
remained
of
themselues
against
the
Romaines
both
vnable
to
match
them
in
strength
,
and
also
destitute
of
anye
supplye
from
their
neighbors
to
The
●toliars
are
subdued
by
the
Romaines
.
enable
them
.
By
meanes
whereof
it
was
not
long
they
could
hold
out
ere
they
were
vanquished
,
and
lost
their
antient
liberty
,
which
they
only
among
so
many
cities
of
Greece
,
had
retained
vntouched
and
vnblemished
against
the
dominion
of
the
Athenians
and
the
Lacedemonians
:
which
estate
of
bondage
was
much
bitterrer
vnto
them
,
by
how
much
it
came
later
then
their
countreymen
,
and
the
griefe
of
which
was
the
more
encreased
by
calling
to
minde
the
calamity
which
in
former
times
their
countreymen
endured
,
when
they
,
with
the
onely
power
of
their
owne
people
,
had
borne
out
the
great
force
of
the
Persians
,
and
repressed
borne
out
the
great
force
of
the
Persians
,
and
repressed
the
violence
of
the
Frenchmen
,
so
terrible
to
Asia
and
Italy
,
in
the
battell
at
Delphos
,
the
gloryous
remembrance
of
which
,
made
their
misery
the
more
burthensome
,
&
kindled
a
greater
desire
of
liberty
.
But
while
these
affaires
were
thus
contriued
,
C●●tention
b●●●●n
the
M●●●●s
and
Ac●●●●
in
the
meane
time
the
Messenians
and
the
Acheans
fel
first
to
contention
,
and
not
long
after
to
publick
battel
for
the
soueraignty
.
In
which
battell
Philopemenes
the
noble
grand
captain
of
the
Acheans
was
taken
prisoner
,
not
throgh
his
own
default
,
because
he
durst
not
fight
for
sauing
of
his
life
,
but
as
he
was
about
to
bring
his
men
in
array
that
wer
in
the
leaping
of
a
ditch
,
his
horse
ouerthrew
him
,
which
his
enemies
espying
clustered
about
him
,
and
ere
he
had
time
to
recouer
himselfe
tooke
him
prisoner
.
And
yet
the
Messenians
when
they
found
him
ouerthrown
,
whither
it
wer
for
feare
of
his
prowesse
,
or
for
reuerence
of
his
estate
,
durst
not
to
kil
him
.
But
as
though
by
surprizing
him
they
had
finished
all
the
Warre
,
they
led
him
about
all
the
Citty
in
manner
of
a
triumph
,
and
the
people
ran
out
by
heaps
to
meet
him
,
as
if
their
owne
captaine
,
and
not
the
captaine
of
their
enemies
had
bin
comming
.
And
without
question
the
Acheans
his
countrimen
could
not
haue
bene
more
desirous
to
haue
seene
him
a
Conqueror
,
if
he
had
got
the
vpper
hand
,
then
were
the
Messenians
his
enemies
,
to
behold
him
a
prisoner
,
for
they
led
him
into
a
publick
Theater
,
to
the
intent
that
young
and
old
,
from
the
cratch
to
the
cradle
,
might
generally
behold
him
,
whom
before
they
thought
an
incredible
and
impossible
labor
to
bee
vndertaken
.
From
thence
they
conueyed
him
to
prison
,
where
for
shame
of
the
villany
they
had
offered
to
so
woorthy
an
estate
,
they
gaue
him
poison
,
which
he
drunke
with
as
cheereful
and
vndeiected
acountenance
,
as
if
he
should
haue
marched
through
his
owne
countrey
,
among
his
owne
cittizens
after
he
had
woon
the
victory
.
But
first
he
asked
whither
Lycortus
the
The
courage
of
Philopemenes
at
his
death
.
Lieutenant
of
the
Acheans
(
whom
he
knew
to
be
a
man
of
best
knowledge
in
feats
of
Arms
next
to
himselfe
)
had
escaped
in
safety
or
no.
Of
which
when
he
was
truly
resolued
that
he
was
in
safety
,
then
the
world
goeth
not
altogither
against
the
Acheans
(
quoth
he
)
&
with
that
word
he
gaue
up
the
ghost
.
Not
long
after
the
warre
was
renued
,
in
which
the
Messenians
being
vanquished
,
suffered
deserued
punishment
for
putting
Philopomenes
to
death
.
In
the
mean
season
Antiochus
K.
of
Syria
,
being
greatly
ouer
charged
with
the
tribute
that
he
shold
pay
to
the
Romans
,
&
seeing
himself
vanquished
,
&
so
grieuously
burthened
,
whither
it
wer
that
he
were
compelled
for
want
of
The
death
of
Antigonu
.
mony
,
or
that
he
wer
allurd
with
couetousnes
,
because
he
hoped
vnder
pretence
of
necessity
,
which
he
was
put
vnto
for
the
payment
of
the
tribute
,
he
he
should
be
held
the
better
excused
,
if
he
committed
Sacriledge
;
foorthwith
he
assembled
an
army
,
and
in
the
night
assaulted
the
Temple
of
Iupiter
,
in
which
attempt
,
he
and
all
his
hoast
were
slaine
by
the
inhabitants
.
When
many
Cities
of
Greece
wer
come
to
Rome
,
to
complaine
of
the
iniuries
that
Phillip
had
done
them
,
there
was
great
contention
in
the
Senate-house
,
between
Demetrius
the
sonne
of
Phillip
,
sent
thither
by
his
Father
to
excuse
him
to
the
Senat
,
and
the
Ambas
of
the
Cityes
:
The
young
Prince
being
confounded
with
exclamation
,
suddenly
held
his
peace
,
by
which
his
shamefastnes
,
the
senat
being
moued
,
gaue
iudgement
on
his
side
.
Of
this
the
King
was
aduertised
by
the
decree
of
the
Senat
,
to
the
entent
he
should
vnderstand
,
he
was
not
acquitted
as
guiltlesse
,
but
rather
pardoned
for
his
sonnes
sake
,
which
though
it
were
vpright
,
purchased
vnto
Demetrius
not
thankes
for
his
behauiour
in
that
Ambassage
,
but
hatred
thorough
the
maliciousnesse
of
backbiters
.
For
with
his
brother
Perses
(
who
sought
by
all
meanes
to
surprise
him
)
it
procured
him
enuy
,
and
with
his
father
(
when
he
knew
occasion
of
his
acquittal
)
it
procured
him
displeasure
,
disdaining
that
the
person
of
his
sonne
,
should
be
of
more
force
with
the
Senat
then
the
authority
of
the
father
,
or
the
estimation
of
his
estate
,
being
a
King
Perses
therefore
perceiuing
his
fathers
disease
,
made
complants
dayly
vnto
him
of
his
brother
Demetrius
,
and
first
brought
a
mistrust
toward
him
,
and
shortly
after
into
extreame
displeasure
,
obiecting
against
him
,
that
he
sought
the
friendship
of
the
Romaines
to
be
the
ruine
of
his
father
.
But
not
contented
to
haue
proceeded
thus
far
against
his
brother
,
he
went
about
to
entrap
him
by
treason
,
and
surmised
he
went
about
to
vsurp
the
dignity
of
the
kingdome
:
for
proofe
whereof
,
he
brought
in
record
,
and
sobbo●●ed
false
witnesses
,
to
vphold
the
crime
that
he
charged
him
withall
.
By
meanes
whereof
,
he
compelled
the
father
to
murther
his
owne
sonne
,
and
brought
all
the
court
into
sorrow
and
heauinesse
.
After
Demetrius
was
thus
put
to
death
,
Perses
(
as
it
wer
the
party
being
dispatched
out
of
the
way
,
whom
he
feared
to
be
his
enemy
)
began
to
be
not
onely
more
slack
in
performing
his
duty
,
but
also
more
stubborne
against
his
father
;
behauing
himselfe
not
like
an
heire
,
but
a
King.
Phillip
being
highly
offended
with
this
misdemeanor
and
peruerse
behauiour
of
his
sonnes
,
and
finding
no
counsell
nor
tender
admonition
of
power
to
reclaime
him
,
from
time
to
time
very
vnpatiently
bewailed
the
death
of
his
sonne
Demetrius
,
as
a
young
plant
that
would
haue
borne
to
him
better
fruite
,
and
he
himselfe
had
better
hope
of
.
Whereupon
mistrusting
himselfe
to
be
deceiued
by
some
cautel
treason
he
put
the
witnesses
to
torture
.
Through
which
hauing
boulted
out
their
mischiefe
,
he
was
vexed
as
much
with
the
wickednesse
of
Perses
,
as
with
the
vndeserued
death
of
Demetrius
:
and
he
had
(
as
by
natural
office
he
was
bound
)
beene
reuenged
of
the
treason
by
punishing
the
offender
,
had
not
death
preuented
him
of
his
purpose
;
for
shortly
The
death
of
Phill●●
〈◊〉
o●
〈◊〉
.
after
thorough
great
sorrow
and
pensiuenesse
of
hart
,
he
fell
sicke
and
died
,
leauing
behind
him
great
furniture
for
the
warres
,
the
which
Perses
afterward
made
imployment
of
.
Moreouer
he
had
allured
the
Frenchmen
called
Rascians
to
take
his
part
,
and
was
minded
to
haue
made
forceable
warres
vpon
the
Romans
if
he
had
not
died
.
〈…〉
.
For
the
Frenchmen
,
after
the
vnfortunat
battell
at
Delphos
(
in
the
which
the
wrath
of
the
gods
,
did
them
more
displeasure
then
the
puissance
of
their
enemies
)
hauing
lost
their
Captaine
Brenne
,
fled
like
outlawes
,
some
into
Asia
,
&
some
into
Thrace
;
from
thence
they
retired
into
their
natiue
countrey
back
,
the
very
same
way
they
came
out
.
A
certaine
of
them
rested
at
the
meeting
of
the
two
Riuers
Dan●y
and
Say
,
calling
themselues
Rascyans
.
The
people
of
Langue●●ock
being
returned
into
their
old
country
of
Tolouse
,
and
there
striken
with
a
Pestilent
murreine
,
could
not
recouer
their
health
,
vntill
such
time
as
by
the
admonishment
of
their
Southsaiers
,
they
had
throwne
into
the
lake
of
Tolouse
al
the
gold
and
treasure
that
they
had
pillaged
in
the
warres
by
the
robbing
of
Temples
:
all
which
Scypio
the
Romaine
long
time
after
tooke
away
to
the
vse
of
the
Senat.
There
was
of
golde
110.
thousand
waight
,
which
sac●●●●ge
wa●
afterward
the
confusion
of
Scipio
&
his
host
.
Immediatlye
after
followed
the
war
of
the
Scimbrians
against
the
romans
,
as
it
were
to
punish
theyr
former
taking
a
way
the
church-goods
.
A
great
number
of
the
people
of
I●●●●ck
,
being
●nticed
with
the
sweetenes
of
the
prey
,
as
men
wonted
to
liue
together
vpon
the
spoile
went
into
Illiria
,
and
there
hauing
spoiled
the
Istrians
rested
in
Pa●●●●c
.
It
is
reported
,
that
the
nation
of
the
Istrians
descended
from
the
n●ē
of
Colchos
,
〈…〉
that
were
sent
by
King
Aetis
,
to
pursue
the
Argonantes
and
Iason
,
that
led
may
his
daughter
by
force
:
who
entring
out
of
the
sea
of
Pontus
,
into
the
●●●●r
of
Istre
,
and
so
directly
into
the
riuer
Say
,
following
the
Argonantes
at
the
●eard
heeles
,
carried
their
ships
vppon
their
shoulders
ouer
the
toppes
of
the
M●●taines
,
euen
vnto
the
shore
of
the
Adriatick
sea
,
which
things
they
〈◊〉
that
the
Argonants
for
the
length
of
their
ships
had
don
before
them
.
But
when
the
men
of
Colchos
could
not
finde
them
,
(
whether
it
were
for
feare
of
the
king
,
or
tediousnesse
of
the
long
sailing
)
they
setled
themselues
neer
vnto
the
C●●e
aquilia
,
and
called
themselues
Istryans
,
after
the
name
of
the
riuer
,
●●to
which
they
first
entered
out
of
the
Sea.
The
Daces
also
at
the
yssue
of
the
Getcs
,
who
with
Olor
their
king
being
vanquished
in
batel
by
the
Bactrians
,
wer
put
to
this
penance
for
their
cowardise
,
that
when
they
should
take
sleepe
,
they
should
lay
their
heads
where
their
feete
shouldly
,
and
serue
their
wiues
in
such
solemn
sort
,
as
their
wiues
accustomed
to
bee
obedient
to
them
.
Which
penaltie
layd
vpon
them
by
their
king
,
none
should
be
so
bold
on
the
penalty
of
his
displeasure
to
Infringe
,
before
they
had
by
their
manhood
remoued
the
slander
,
due
for
former
cowardise
.
Perses
therefore
being
crowned
king
in
his
father
Phillipes
sted
,
stirred
all
these
nations
to
take
part
with
him
against
the
romaines
.
In
the
mean
time
there
arose
warre
betweene
Prusias
(
vnto
whom
Hannibal
wars
betwixt
Prus●●s
and
●●●●es
was
fled
,
after
that
peace
was
concluded
betweene
Antiochus
and
the
romaines
)
and
Eumenes
:
the
which
warre
Prusias
(
breaking
the
league
vpon
trust
that
hee
had
in
Hanniball
)
did
first
moue
.
For
when
the
romaines
(
among
other
a●●●●les
of
peace
)
put
in
the
deliuerance
of
Hannaball
sor
one
;
the
king
ga●e
him
friendly
notice
of
it
,
and
he
fled
into
Candy
.
In
which
Ile
,
when
he
had
quietly
l●●ed
a
long
time
,
and
at
length
perceiued
the
people
began
to
grudge
and
repine
against
him
,
for
his
great
wealth
and
riches
,
he
filled
portes
with
leade
and
set
them
in
the
temple
of
Diana
,
as
a
vow
for
the
preseruation
of
his
life
and
good
fortune
.
By
meanes
whereof
the
citty
hauing
no
mistrust
of
his
dooings
,
in
as
much
as
they
beleeued
they
had
his
riches
for
a
pledge
,
he
went
to
Prusias
,
carrieng
all
his
gold
with
him
conueied
in
Images
of
timber
,
least
if
his
riches
should
happen
to
be
espied
his
life
might
be
endangered
for
the
ber●●●●
therof
.
Afterward
when
Eumenes
had
ouercome
Prusias
in
battel
vpon
the
land
●●d
The
〈…〉
that
Prusias
would
try
the
aduenture
on
the
Sea
,
Hanniball
by
a
new
deui●e
was
the
occasion
that
he
gat
the
victory
:
For
he
caused
of
all
kinde
of
Serpents
to
be
put
into
earthen
pottes
,
and
in
the
midest
of
the
battell
●●sl
them
into
the
enemies
ships
.
This
pollicy
seemed
at
the
first
to
the
men
of
Pontus
to
be
but
a
mockery
,
to
leaue
weapons
and
sight
with
earthen
potts
.
But
when
the
serpents
began
to
swarme
about
them
in
the
ships
,
they
were
so
troubled
with
the
doubtfulnesse
of
the
danger
,
that
hauing
both
their
enemies
and
the
poyson
of
the
Serpents
to
defend
them
from
Prusias
,
they
got
the
vpper
hand
.
When
tidings
hereof
came
to
Rome
,
the
Senat
sent
Ambassadors
to
cease
the
strife
between
both
Kings
,
and
demaunded
to
haue
Hanniball
yeelded
vnto
them
.
But
Hanniball
being
aduertised
of
this
condition
,
and
fearing
the
euent
The
d●ath
of
Hanniball
.
against
him
would
be
graunted
,
poysoned
himselfe
and
died
ere
the
Ambassadors
had
time
to
ceaze
on
him
.
This
yeare
was
notable
for
the
deathes
of
three
of
the
most
puissaunt
captaines
in
al
the
whole
world
,
that
is
of
Hanniball
,
Philopomenes
,
and
Scipio
Affricanus
;
The
〈…〉
.
of
which
it
is
truely
recorded
that
Hanniball
,
neither
in
the
time
that
Italy
qu●ked
to
see
him
thundring
like
a
tempest
in
the
Roman
Empire
,
nor
when
he
was
returned
to
Carthage
and
held
the
soueraignty
,
did
euer
sit
downe
to
his
meate
,
or
drunke
aboue
a
pint
and
a
halfe
of
Wine
at
a
meale
.
And
as
for
chastity
,
he
kept
it
so
vndesiled
among
so
many
prisoners
that
hee
had
,
that
a
stranger
would
sweare
in
wonder
of
his
condition
,
he
was
not
borne
an
Affrican
.
He
was
also
of
that
modesty
and
gouernment
that
albeit
he
had
sundry
kindes
of
people
to
rule
in
his
host
,
yet
his
Souldiers
neuer
went
about
to
betray
him
,
neither
could
be
entrapped
by
any
pollicy
,
both
which
dangers
his
enemies
full
often
attempted
against
him
.
The
end
of
the
xxxij
.
Booke
.
THE
XXXIII
.
BOOKE
OF
Iustine
.
THE
ARGVMENT
.
PAulus
Emilius
encountreth
with
Perses
.
The
valiant
demeanor
of
Cato
.
Perses
is
one
,
come
and
taken
with
his
sonnes
,
flying
towards
Samothrace
,
with
whome
the
Empire
of
Macedon
endeth
.
The
Noblemen
of
Etoly
,
with
their
wiues
and
children
are
led
prisoners
to
Rome
.
THe
Romaines
finished
the
Warres
of
Macedon
,
with
far
lesse
trouble
then
they
did
the
warres
of
Carthage
,
but
the
conclusion
thereof
,
was
so
much
the
more
honorable
,
Great
preparation
of
the
Romans
against
Philip.
by
how
much
the
Macedons
excelled
the
Carthageniens
in
renown
&
estimation
.
For
they
were
furthered
partly
with
the
glory
of
the
conquest
of
the
East
,
and
in
speciall
with
the
aid
and
help
of
Kings
.
To
this
war
the
Romaines
gathered
al
the
power
they
of
them selues
could
make
,
and
to
inlarge
their
hoast
more
insinit
,
sent
for
succor
to
Masiniss●
King
of
Numidia
,
and
to
all
other
their
confederates
:
Furthermore
they
charged
Eumenes
king
of
Bythinia
to
asist
them
withall
his
power
,
from
age
,
euen
vnto
youth
.
Perses
besides
his
hoast
of
Macedons
(
who
by
the
opinion
of
all
men
were
accounted
inuincible
)
had
in
his
treasury
and
in
his
storehouses
prouided
before-hand
,
wherewithal
to
maintaine
ten
yeares
warres
:
but
this
carefulnesse
was
not
his
owne
prouidence
and
thrift
,
but
his
fathers
which
lest
it
to
him
.
By
meanes
whereof
being
puffed
vp
with
pride
,
forgetting
the
mischance
his
parent
had
before
him
,
grew
carelesse
of
the
inuasion
of
so
great
and
powerfull
an
enemy
,
and
like
wormes
that
neuer
dread
daunger
till
they
be
trod
vpon
,
or
like
Birds
that
play
before
the
fouler
,
till
they
are
falne
into
the
pit
;
so
Perses
to
his
men
of
warre
made
light
of
the
Roman
army
,
saying
it
was
sufficient
inough
for
them
to
resist
so
intruding
an
enemy
onely
to
consider
;
and
when
they
were
ordering
themselues
to
fight
,
but
to
remember
the
auntient
renowne
of
Alexander
.
against
them
by
the
Lacedemonians
,
whose
fields
(
for
a
mutuall
hatred
borne
betweene
those
two
people
)
the
Acheans
had
forraged
.
The
Senat
returnd
an
swere
to
the
Laccdemonians
,
that
they
would
send
Ambassadours
into
Greece
,
in
that
behalfe
,
and
that
none
of
their
confederates
or
any
such
as
desired
to
be
at
league
and
friendship
with
them
,
should
complaine
to
them
,
of
any●
wrongs
but
they
would
both
desend
them
,
and
by
restitution
to
be
made
,
redresse
them
.
But
the
Ambassadours
had
secretly
in
charge
,
to
endeuour
as
by
all
perswasions
,
to
dissolue
the
agreeable
consent
to
frendly
and
faithfull
vnion
,
that
these
citties
of
the
Acheans
had
the
one
with
the
other
,
and
to
the
intent
they
might
the
easier
be
brought
to
subiection
,
to
order
euery
city
to
be
free
of
it selfe
,
and
not
to
pertake
aliance
with
any
other
,
wherin
who
soeuer
should
pronounce
against
the
many
mcrciles
warre
,
the
Senate
hadde
decreed
they
should
be
compelled
by
force
.
The
Ambassadors
about
these
affaires
arriuing
at
Corinth
,
there
summoned
before
them
all
the
Princes
of
these
withstanding
citties
,
recited
the
decree
of
the
Senat
to
them
,
&
declared
what
they
wer
come
to
counsell
them
vnto
;
namely
that
it
was
expedient
for
them
,
that
euery
citty
should
be
gouerned
by
their
own
laws
,
institutions
,
and
customes
,
and
not
to
be
gouernd
by
the
prouiding
of
others
.
But
when
this
ambassage
was
notified
to
the
multitude
,
insted
of
accepting
this
aduertisment
of
the
Romaines
,
like
mad
men
least
ther
shold
be
any
partakers
of
the
sorrainers
which
inhabited
amongst
them
,
they
fel
to
the
massacre
of
them
,
and
left
not
any
stranger
to
soiourne
in
their
dominion
,
nor
had
diminished
their
cruelty
toward
the
Roman
Am
bas
also
,
had
not
they
by
hauing
priuat
notice
of
them
rescued
themselus
by
slight
.
But
so
soone
as
the
news
hereof
was
by
the
Ambas
.
broght
to
Rome
,
the
Senat
apointed
Mummius
the
Consull
,
to
make
warre
against
the
Acheans
,
without
protracting
his
endeuour
or
without
delay
,
conueyed
thither
his
Army
,
and
hauing
stoutly
prouided
for
all
necessaries
in
readinesse
,
appertained
to
further
so
great
an
enterprise
,
offered
his
enimies
battel
.
While
the
Acheans
as
though
they
held
it
a
matter
of
no
more
importance
to
be
inuaded
by
the
Romanes
,
then
by
some
other
straggling
enemy
,
were
vtterly
carelesse
otherwayes
then
of
ordinary
resistance
;
sor
minding
the
bootye
which
their
enemies
brought
,
and
not
the
battell
,
whereby
they
shoulde
be
endangered
themselues
,
they
brought
wagons
to
be
laded
home
,
with
the
spoiles
of
their
enemies
,
and
set
their
wiues
and
children
in
the
mountaines
to
behold
the
conslict
.
But
the
battels
were
no
sooner
drawne
to
forme
,
and
the
incounter
begun
,
but
their
wiues
,
children
,
&
frends
,
which
they
broght
to
be
the
view
of
the
warre
,
and
to
be
witnesses
of
their
valor
,
were
testimonies
of
their
ouerthrow
,
they
were
slain
euerie
souldior
,
euen
in
their
deerest
friends
sight
,
and
left
them
noioy
of
them
to
be
comforted
by
,
but
the
sorrowfull
remembrance
of
their
fall
,
to
record
all
their
liues
after
,
their
wiues
and
childrens
looking
on
,
and
beholding
their
husbands
and
Fathers
ruine
were
made
captiues
and
a
preie
to
the
enemy
.
The
chief
Citty
Corinth
was
beaten
downe
,
all
the
people
sold
by
the
drum
,
for
an
example
to
other
citties
.
Corinth
laide
wast
.
After
this
,
Antiochus
K.
of
Syria
,
made
war
vpon
Ptolomy
the
elder
,
his
sisters
sonne
K.
of
Egypt
,
who
was
altogither
giuen
to
sloath
,
and
growne
so
vnweeldy
through
dayly
ryot
,
that
he
not
onely
ommitted
al
things
appertaining
to
the
estate
and
Office
of
a
king
,
but
also
by
meanes
of
ouermuch
pampering
of
himselfe
,
became
in
a
manner
voyd
of
that
reason
which
man
by
nature
is
inclined
vnto
.
Being
therefore
in
this
warre
expulsed
his
kingdome
,
he
fled
to
Alexander
,
with
whom
he
diuided
his
kingdome
,
who
two
togither
so
concluded
,
that
they
sent
Ambassadours
ioyntly
to
the
Senat
of
Rome
,
requesting
their
help
by
vertue
of
the
league
that
was
confirmed
and
held
between
them
.
The
Senat
being
moued
at
this
reasonable
request
of
these
two
brethren
sent
Pub.
Popilius
their
Ambassador
.
Antiochus
willing
him
to
abstaine
from
Antiochus
m●●●●th
w●●
against
Ptolomy
.
Egypt
,
if
he
were
not
entered
there
,
and
retyre
himselfe
and
his
forces
from
thence
,
if
already
he
with
them
had
disturbed
their
peace
.
Which
Popil
.
being
admitted
to
Antiochus
in
Egypt
,
and
that
the
king
offered
to
kisse
him
,
(
for
at
such
time
as
Antiochus
lay
in
hostage
at
Rome
,
among
others
he
had
this
Popilius
in
great
reuerence
.
But
Popilius
aduertised
him
,
to
let
cease
and
forbeare
all
priuate
friendship
,
while
affayres
concerning
his
Country
were
in
hand
.
And
therewithall
drawing
foorth
the
decree
of
the
Senat
,
and
deliuering
it
to
him
,
when
he
saw
him
pause
on
the
matter
,
and
asking
him
leisure
to
consult
and
take
adusie
with
his
friends
.
)
Popilius
with
a
wand
that
he
had
in
his
hand
,
drew
a
wide
circle
about
him
,
wiling
him
to
cal
his
frends
to
take
counsell
with
him
there
,
and
not
to
remoue
or
set
his
foot
out
of
the
place
wher
he
was
,
til
he
had
returned
the
Senat
a
direct
answer
whither
he
would
haue
peace
or
war
with
the
Romaines
.
This
rigorousnes
of
Popilius
and
with
such
heat
deliuered
,
so
much
abated
the
kings
courage
,
that
he
made
reply
,
he
was
sufficiently
contented
to
be
An
example
of
an
vncorrupted
mind
.
ruled
by
the
Senate
.
Antiochus
after
his
return
into
his
kingdome
,
leauinge
his
heir
a
tender
infant
,
whom
the
realm
assignd
to
be
vnder
the
gouernance
of
certaine
protectors
.
Hereupon
his
Vncle
Demetrius
who
lay
in
hostage
at
Rome
,
hearinge
of
the
death
of
his
brother
Antiochus
went
vnto
the
Senate
,
and
in
his
own
behalfe
,
deliuered
that
hee
came
thither
for
a
Hostage
duringe
his
life
,
after
whose
decease
he
knew
not
for
whom
hee
shold
lye
any
longer
pledge
,
but
ought
of
right
and
Iustice
to
be
discharged
,
that
he
might
now
as
his
owne
challenge
the
kingdome
,
which
as
by
the
vniuersall
law
of
all
Nations
it
pertaiened
as
the
inheritance
of
his
elder
brother
,
so
now
of
reason
it
was
due
to
him
,
being
of
more
years
&
profound
discreation
,
to
manage
an
vnbridled
kingdome
,
then
from
tendernesse
of
an
infant
,
could
be
expected
.
But
when
he
perceiued
though
with
long
labored
sute
,
the
Senat
would
not
licence
him
to
departe
(
because
they
were
all
of
one
opinion
,
that
the
The
d●ath
of
Antiochus
.
kingdome
should
remaine
in
more
safety
,
and
lesse
vprore
,
being
in
the
childs
rule
,
then
in
his
)
vnder
pretence
of
riding
a
hunting
,
he
fled
to
Ostia
,
and
there
with
such
of
his
fellowes
whom
he
thought
best
to
trust
,
he
priuatly
tooke
shipping
,
and
safely
escaped
from
thence
.
Assoone
as
he
was
arriued
in
Siria
,
he
was
receiued
with
great
ioy
and
fauour
of
all
men
,
and
the
protectors
who
had
taken
the
infant
in
defence
,
first
murthered
their
ward
,
and
after
seated
him
in
the
possession
of
the
kingdome
.
The
same
time
Prusias
King
of
Bythinia
went
about
to
kill
his
owne
sonne
Prusias
taken
in
his
owne
Share
.
Nicomedes
,
prouoked
thereunto
by
no
other
cause
,
but
thereby
to
aduance
his
younger
sonnes
that
he
had
begotten
vpon
his
second
wife
,
and
were
then
soiorners
at
Rome
.
But
the
vnnatural
plot
being
discouered
to
the
young
prince
,
by
those
whom
his
father
had
made
ministers
for
the
Tragedy
,
they
further
counsailed
him
,
that
for
as
much
as
his
father
in
his
cruelty
had
animated
them
to
so
inhumaine
an
act
,
he
should
preuent
the
conspiracy
,
and
turne
the
mischiefe
vpon
the
deuisers
own
head
:
neither
found
they
it
any
difficult
matter
,
to
perswade
him
;
but
being
prompted
with
the
desire
of
his
own
preseruation
,
assoone
therefore
as
he
was
called
home
into
his
fathers
realme
,
with
the
entent
to
be
murthered
,
he
proclaimed
himselfe
King
,
&
discouered
his
fathers
practise
against
him
;
herevpon
the
people
took
part
with
him
,
and
Prusias
the
father
and
soueraign
was
deposed
by
his
owne
sonne
and
subiects
,
and
being
left
not
regarded
no
further
then
a
priuat
person
,
was
forsaken
of
his
owne
seruants
,
and
as
he
lay
hoping
to
obscure
himselfe
in
an
vnfrequented
and
desolate
place
,
being
discouered
to
his
sonne
,
his
sonne
as
cruelly
flew
him
as
he
had
commaunded
his
sonne
to
be
put
to
death
.
The
ende
of
the
xxxiiij
.
Booke
.
The
35.
Booke
of
Iustine
.
THE
ARGVMENT
.
DEmetrius
maketh
warre
against
Ariarathes
king
of
Cappidocia
,
supporteth
his
brother
Holofernes
against
him
,
whom
afterward
for
treason
prepensed
he
keepeth
in
prison
.
Prompalus
is
subborned
as
the
sonne
of
Ant●●chus
by
the
name
of
Alexander
against
Demetrius
,
by
whom
Demetrius
is
depriued
of
life
and
kingdome
.
Demetrius
the
sonne
of
Demetrius
recouereth
his
fathers
kingdome
.
COncerning
Demetrius
the
vsurper
of
the
kingdome
of
Siria
,
supposing
it
to
be
dangerous
to
the
security
of
his
estate
,
and
a
hole
for
insurrection
to
creep
in
at
,
if
vpon
his
new
aduancement
he
should
giue
him
to
idlenesse
,
and
not
expresse
asmuch
of
his
Noblenesse
to
his
subiect●
as
they
in
making
him
their
King
expected
from
him
;
determined
to
enlarge
his
kingdome
,
and
to
augment
his
riches
,
by
subdu●●g
his
neighbors
.
Wherupon
for
the
displeasure
he
bare
to
Ar●arathes
King
of
Coppadocia
for
refusing
his
sister
in
mariage
,
he
maintained
against
him
his
brother
Holofernes
;
who
being
wrongfully
driuen
out
of
his
realme
,
resorted
to
him
for
succor
.
And
for
ioy
An
example
of
ingratitud
that
he
had
so
honest
title
to
make
war
,
he
purposed
to
replant
him
in
his
kingdome
againe
.
But
Holofernes
being
of
a
cankered
and
cor●upt
nature
,
made
a
compact
with
the
Antiocheans
,
who
at
that
time
wet
his
enemies
and
offended
with
Demetrius
,
and
practised
with
them
to
depriue
him
of
his
kingdome
,
which
in
this
his
banishment
went
about
to
restore
him
back
into
his
.
Demetryus
hauing
knowledge
thereof
,
spared
his
life
not
for
any
zeale
hee
had
toward
him
,
but
because
Ariarathes
by
his
preseruation
should
not
be
deliuered
from
feare
of
his
brothers
warre
;
neuerthelesse
he
caused
him
to
be
apprehended
and
inprisoned
in
the
citty
Selucia
.
And
the
Antiochiens
were
not
so
discouraged
by
the
detection
of
their
conspiracy
,
that
they
should
cease
from
rebellion
.
Therefore
by
the
help
of
Ptolomy
King
of
Fgypt
,
Attalus
King
of
Asia
,
and
Ariarathes
King
of
Cappadocia
,
all
which
Demetrius
had
by
his
warres
sti●red
against
him
,
they
subborned
one
Prompalus
a
man
of
the
basest
condition
,
to
challenge
the
kingdome
by
battel
,
as
though
it
had
bin
his
by
right
inheri●ance
.
And
to
the
entent
their
should
want
nothing
to
spight
Demetrius
withall
,
they
proclaimed
him
by
the
name
of
Alexander
,
and
reported
him
to
be
the
son
of
A●tiochus
.
So
sore
hated
was
Demetrius
among
all
men
,
that
by
an
vniuersal
consent
they
not
only
gaue
his
aduersary
the
power
of
a
king
but
also
atributed
vnto
him
nobility
of
lynage
.
Alexander
now
inriched
by
meanes
of
this
wonderfull
exchange
,
forgetting
his
villany
and
outrage
,
and
being
accompanied
with
the
power
almost
of
all
the
whole
East
,
made
warre
against
Demetrius
whom
he
vanquished
and
depriued
both
of
life
and
kingdome
.
Howbeit
Demetrius
wanted
no
courage
to
withstand
the
brunt
,
for
at
the
first
encounter
he
put
his
enemy
to
flight
,
and
when
the
kings
renued
the
battel
,
he
The
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
of
Demetrius
.
so
valiantly
answerd
them
,
that
he
slew
many
thousands
of
them
,
and
yet
at
the
last
(
though
of
an
inuincible
courage
)
he
was
slaine
fighting
among
the
thickest
of
his
enemies
.
In
the
beginning
of
the
warres
,
Demetryus
had
committed
to
the
charge
and
ouersight
of
his
host
of
Guidus
in
Licia
,
his
two
sonnes
with
a
great
sum
of
Gold
,
for
defraying
of
their
expences
,
to
the
entent
they
might
be
both
out
of
ieopardy
,
and
also
if
neede
inforced
,
so
much
be
preserued
to
reuenge
their
fathers
death
.
The
elder
of
them
named
Demetrius
,
being
past
childhood
,
and
hearing
of
the
●●otous
demeanor
of
Alexander
(
who
for
the
ioy
he
had
in
his
riches
vnhoped
,
and
in
the
ornaments
of
another
mans
felicity
,
giuen
ouer
to
licentioulnesse
,
kept
himselfe
like
a
cowardly
carpet
knight
at
home
in
his
pallace
,
among
Demetrius
the
you●
〈◊〉
his
fathers
kingdome
.
a
company
of
concubins
and
brothels
)
by
the
help
of
the
Candiens
,
assailed
him
carlesse
,
and
misdreding
no
hostility
prepared
against
him
at
all
.
Then
Antiochiens
also
,
to
make
amends
with
their
new
benifits
for
the
old
displeasure
done
to
his
father
,
yeelded
themselues
to
him
.
Moreouer
his
fathers
Souldiers
being
enflamed
with
fauor
toward
the
young
Prince
,
and
preferring
the
concience
of
their
oath
made
to
his
father
,
before
their
latter
promise
giuen
to
their
new
proude
and
dishonest
King
,
reuolted
wi●hall
their
ensignes
to
Demetrius
:
and
so
Alexander
being
with
the
like
rage
of
fortune
ouer
throwne
as
he
was
li●ted
vp
,
was
in
the
first
battell
vanquished
and
slaine
,
and
so
suffered
due
and
deserued
punishment
both
in
the
behalfe
of
Demetrius
whom
he
had
slaine
,
and
in
the
right
of
Antiochus
whose
stock
he
had
slandered
.
The
ende
of
the
xxxv
.
Booke
.
THE
XXXVI
.
BOOKE
OF
Iustine
.
THE
ARGVMENT
.
DEmetrius
maketh
warre
against
the
Parthians
,
and
is
taken
prysoner
.
Tryso
vsurped
the
kingdome
of
Siria
.
Antiochus
the
brother
of
Demetrius
wresteth
it
out
of
his
hands
,
and
subdueth
the
Iewes
.
The
oryginall
of
the
Iewes
.
The
commendation
of
Ioseph
.
The
going
of
the
Isralites
out
of
Egypt
vnder
Moyses
.
The
hollowing
of
the
saboth
day
.
The
fruitefulnesse
of
Iury
,
with
the
description
of
the
vale
of
Iericho
,
of
the
dead
sea
.
Of
Attalus
king
of
Pergamus
.
Of
his
cruelty
,
and
madnesse
,
and
how
he
made
the
people
of
Rome
his
heire
.
Aristomicus
the
bastard
sonne
of
Eumenes
challengeth
the
crowne
and
is
ouercome
by
the
Romaines
.
DEmetrius
hauing
thus
recouered
his
fathers
kingdome
,
was
himselfe
also
corrupted
with
the
prosperous
successe
of
his
affaires
,
and
not
forwarnd
by
the
fall
of
him
that
preceeded
him
,
through
the
inclination
of
vice
,
that
is
commenly
wont
to
be
in
the
thought
of
youth
,
and
the
hot
desire
of
euill
,
so
generally
rooted
in
the
blood
,
he
fell
to
sloath
and
idlenesse
and
wholy
neglected
the
requisit
ordaining
of
his
affaires
,
and
the
honor
of
his
princely
name
.
By
meanes
whereof
he
purchased
to
himselfe
,
as
g●eat
ha●red
in
all
mens
harts
for
his
esseminate
cowardyse
,
as
his
father
before
him
had
gotten
by
hi●
pride
and
a●rogancy
.
Whereupon
,
perceiuing
how
the
cities
&
his
king
some
euen
to
the
vtmost
borders
,
began
to
withdraw
their
ob●dience
from
him
,
to
the
entent
to
wipe
that
spot
of
cowardise
wherewith
hee
had
blemished
his
reputation
,
he
determined
to
make
warre
vpon
the
Parthyans
.
Whose
comming
the
people
of
the
East
were
not
willing
to
behold
,
both
by
reason
of
the
cruelty
of
Arsaces
King
of
Parthyans
,
and
also
because
the
countries
being
enured
with
gentle
entreatance
of
the
antient
dominion
of
the
Macedons
,
could
hardly
disgest
the
pride
of
the
new
Empire
of
the
Parthians
.
By
meanes
whereof
being
ayded
with
the
powers
of
the
Parthians
,
Emilians
,
and
Bactrians
;
he
vanquished
the
Perthians
in
many
battels
.
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
prisoner
.
Neuerthelesse
at
last
being
deceiued
at
a
parly
,
vnder
a
counterfet
coulor
of
peace
to
be
handled
,
hee
was
taken
prisoner
and
drawne
through
the
open
face
of
the
Citties
that
had
before
reuolted
,
and
shewed
in
dension
to
the
people
that
had
tooke
part
with
him
,
as
who
should
say
,
they
might
to
their
terror
,
see
what
a
deiected
creature
hee
was
now
,
whom
they
but
lately
had
so
highly
fauored
.
Afterward
he
was
sent
into
Hyrcania
,
&
there
curteously
entertained
,
according
to
the
dignity
of
his
former
estate
.
In
the
meane
time
Tryfo
,
Tr●fo
vsurps
.
who
through
great
sute
had
obtained
to
be
admitted
protector
ouer
Antiochus
,
sonne
in
law
to
Demetryus
,
killed
the
child
and
vsurped
the
kingdome
,
which
long
after
as
a
soueraigne
thereof
in
peaceable
possession
he
enioyed
.
But
at
the
length
,
when
the
fauour
that
was
giuen
to
him
at
his
first
coronation
began
to
be
worne
out
,
Antiochus
the
brother
of
Demetrius
(
who
all
that
time
was
brought
vp
in
Asia
)
being
but
a
very
child
,
ouercame
him
in
battell
,
and
so
the
kingdome
of
Sciria
was
reduced
back
againe
to
the
posterity
of
Demetrius
:
Antiochus
therfore
,
remembring
that
both
his
father
was
hated
for
his
pride
,
and
his
brother
dispised
for
his
slouthfulnesse
,
to
be
sure
that
he
would
not
fall
into
the
same
vices
himselfe
,
after
he
had
taken
in
marriage
Cleopatra
his
brothers
wife
,
he
with
all
his
deligence
pursued
the
Citties
,
that
had
reuolted
from
his
brother
at
the
beginning
of
his
raigne
,
and
hauing
subdued
them
,
reformed
them
againe
to
the
obedience
of
the
Empire
.
At
this
time
also
,
hee
conquered
the
Iewes
,
who
in
the
raigne
of
his
father
Demetrius
,
hauing
gathered
themselues
into
one
body
,
had
withdrawne
their
obedience
from
being
subiect
to
the
dominion
of
Macedon
,
&
hauing
set
themselues
at
liberty
,
which
before
were
in
bondage
,
they
grew
to
such
strength
,
that
after
the
time
of
this
Kings
decease
,
there
was
no
soueraigne
of
Macedon
able
to
subingate
their
fealty
by
his
dominion
,
but
that
in
spight
of
them
,
they
created
a
ruler
among
themselues
,
and
disturbed
all
Sciria
with
their
nations
proceedings
.
The
originall
of
the
Iewes
was
Damasco
,
which
is
the
Noblest
citty
of
al
Sciria
,
The
original
of
the
Iewes
.
and
from
whence
the
kings
of
Sciria
deriued
their
pedigree
,
as
linially
descended
and
propogated
from
Semiramis
.
The
citty
had
the
name
of
a
king
of
theirs
(
called
Damascus
)
in
honor
of
whom
,
the
Scirians
,
worshipping
the
Sepulcher
of
his
wife
Aratis
,
for
a
Temple
,
and
reuerenced
her
with
much
deuotition
and
superstitious
Ceremonies
for
a
Goddesse
.
After
Damasco
,
reigned
Abraham
,
Israel
,
and
Moyses
,
but
Israel
was
more
not●ble
then
his
au●cestors
,
by
reason
of
the
frutfull
encrease
of
his
ten
sonnes
:
Therefore
he
deuided
his
people
into
ten
kingdomes
,
and
deliuered
it
to
his
sonnes
,
calling
them
all
Iewes
,
after
the
name
of
Iuda
,
who
deceased
immediately
after
the
deuision
:
the
remembrance
of
whom
,
he
commaunded
al
the
rest
to
haue
in
reuerence
,
(
his
portion
was
the
chiefe
of
all
the
others
)
the
youngest
of
his
brothers
was
Ioseph
,
of
whose
excellent
wit
all
the
elder
brothers
being
affraid
,
secretly
laid
for
him
,
and
hauing
betraied
him
,
sold
him
to
a
Marchant-stranger
,
by
whom
he
was
carried
ouer
into
Egypt
:
where
through
the
sharpnesse
and
pregnancy
The
〈◊〉
of
〈◊〉
in
Egypt
.
of
his
wit
,
he
profited
in
the
magicall
artes
,
that
in
short
continuance
he
proceeded
and
was
held
in
great
estimation
with
the
king
:
for
he
was
both
a
certaine
deuinor
of
wonders
and
fortokens
,
and
also
was
the
first
that
discouered
the
interpretation
and
secret
trouble
of
dreames
:
neither
was
there
any
thing
appertaining
,
either
to
the
diuenity
of
God
,
or
the
prosperity
of
man
,
wherin
as
it
were
by
heauenly
reuelation
,
he
appeared
not
to
haue
exact
knowledge
.
Insomuch
that
he
fore saw
the
barrennes
and
famine
threatened
to
the
land
,
many
yeare
before
the
Empire
thereof
,
and
without
question
all
Egypt
had
in
that
greedy
vnsatisfied
time
perished
for
hunger
,
if
the
K.
aduised
by
his
counsel
,
had
not
giuen
straiht
command
,
to
engrosle
and
lay
vp
in
store
,
the
corn
of
many
years
before
to
preserue
his
people
from
the
extreamity
ensuing
.
Finally
he
was
so
wel
experienced
,
that
his
answers
seemed
not
to
be
giuen
by
man
but
by
God
.
His
sonne
was
Moises
,
who
besides
the
inheritance
of
his
fathers
knowledge
was
also
worthily
commended
for
his
exceeding
beauty
&
comly
personage
.
But
the
Egyptians
being
striken
with
a
great
itch
and
leprouse
scurf
ouer
al
their
bodies
,
to
the
entent
the
contagion
should
infect
no
further
,
by
the
warning
of
an
Oracle
,
exiled
him
and
al
the
infected
out
of
Egypt
.
Moises
An
vn●●uth
therefore
being
there
made
captaine
ouer
the
banished
people
,
stole
away
the
hallowed
Relicks
of
the
Egyptians
,
which
stuffe
due
to
their
deuotion
,
they
entending
to
recouer
the
same
by
force
,
were
compelled
by
the
violence
of
a
tempest
,
which
wether
beate
them
to
retire
home
again
,
and
Moyses
soone
after
resorting
to
Damasco
,
the
natiue
countrey
of
his
auncestors
,
●ent
vp
into
the
Mountaine
Syria
,
in
which
(
forasmuch
as
he
first
rested
there
,
after
seuen
The
hallowing
of
the
Sabbaoth
day
.
daies
fasting
and
trauell
of
himselfe
and
his
people
through
the
desetts
of
Arabya
)
he
hallowed
the
seuenth
day
,
and
called
it
after
the
manner
and
custome
of
the
countrey
then
in
vse
,
the
saboth
day
;
commaunding
it
to
be
kept
fasting
day
for
euer
after
,
because
vpon
that
day
they
made
an
end
of
their
trauell
and
hunger
.
And
in
memorial
that
they
were
driuen
out
of
Egypt
for
feare
of
infection
,
least
they
should
be
hated
againe
for
the
same
cause
where
they
should
inhabit
:
they
instituted
a
law
,
neuer
after
to
communicate
with
strangers
,
which
ordinance
rising
at
first
thus
vpon
good
consideration
,
by
little
and
little
grew
into
a
custome
of
superstition
.
After
Moyses
his
brother
Aruas
or
Aaron
,
was
consecrated
,
the
first
priest
of
the
Ceremonies
of
Israel
,
and
not
long
after
King
:
so
that
it
remained
euer
after
as
a
custome
amongst
the
Iewes
,
that
they
which
Aaron
were
their
priests
were
also
their
Kings
.
Through
which
,
iustice
ioyned
with
religion
,
it
is
increadible
how
greatly
they
encreased
.
The
enriching
of
the
Iewes
came
by
the
reuenewes
of
Balme
,
which
groweth
in
no
other
country
but
onely
in
theirs
.
For
certaine
,
there
is
a
spatious
valey
enclosed
round
about
with
continual
&
leuel
hylles
,
as
it
were
walles
to
cittyes
,
or
like
defences
about
choice
Gardens
.
The
place
containing
2
hundred
thousand
Acres
,
is
named
Iericho
,
in
the
same
valley
there
is
a
wood
worthy
principall
record
,
both
for
the
fruitfulnesse
The
description
of
I●●●●o
and
for
the
pleasantnesse
thereof
;
for
it
is
both
beset
within
and
enclosed
about
,
with
date
trees
,
and
balme
trees
.
The
balme
trees
are
a
like
in
making
&
groweth
vnto
pitch
trees
,
sauing
that
they
be
much
lower
and
are
dressed
as
vines
are
:
these
at
cetrain
seasons
of
the
yeare
do
sweat
out
balme
,
neither
is
the
place
somuch
to
be
admired
at
for
the
fruitefulnesse
,
as
for
the
couldnesse
;
for
whereas
through
all
the
climate
of
that
countrey
the
sunne
is
exceeding
hot
,
there
is
in
that
seate
,
a
natural
warmenes
of
the
aire
,
and
a
continual
shadow
to
walk
and
recreat
in
.
In
that
contrey
also
is
a
lake
,
which
for
the
greatnes
therof
&
for
the
vnmoueable
standing
of
the
water
,
is
called
the
dead
sea
.
For
neither
is
it
altered
with
the
windes
,
by
reason
the
Bytumen
resisteth
the
force
of
them
,
The
dead
sea
wherewithall
the
water
is
made
vnmoueable
,
neither
can
it
be
sailed
vpon
,
because
all
things
wanting
life
,
sink
down
to
the
bottom
,
and
it
wil
not
be●re
any
substance
vnlesse
it
be
ouerlaid
with
Allome
.
Xerxes
King
of
Persia
was
the
first
subdued
the
Iewes
,
afterward
,
they
and
the
Xerxes
first
subdued
the
Iewes
.
Persians
also
,
were
brought
in
subiection
by
great
Alexander
&
continued
by
many
yeares
vnder
the
gouernment
of
the
Empire
of
Macedon
:
lastly
rebelling
against
Demetrius
,
by
seeking
the
friendship
and
aliance
of
the
Romains
(
who
at
that
time
did
cut
large
thongs
of
other
mens
leather
)
they
were
the
first
of
all
the
Nations
of
the
East
that
recouered
liberty
.
During
the
same
time
that
there
was
such
alteration
of
the
kingdome
of
Siria
,
among
the
new
Kings
,
Attalus
King
of
Asia
,
distained
his
most
florishing
kingdome
,
which
he
had
receiued
of
his
vncle
Eumenes
,
with
the
slaughter
of
his
friends
,
and
the
execution
of
his
alies
,
falsely
surmising
one
while
,
that
the
old
Lady
his
mother
,
another
while
that
his
owne
wife
Beronice
were
by
their
sorcery
and
enchauntments
put
to
death
.
After
the
committing
of
this
wicked
and
outragious
cruelty
,
The
sorrows
of
Attalus
.
he
apparelled
himselfe
in
vndecent
apparell
,
and
suffered
his
head
and
beard
to
grow
long
and
forworne
,
like
as
offenders
fashion
themselues
to
do
,
being
once
in
prison
,
carlesse
of
any
thing
that
should
refresh
or
delight
either
their
bodies
or
mindes
:
he
tooke
no
pleasure
to
come
abroad
,
it
was
hatefull
to
see
or
heare
the
people
,
al
m●●th
in
his
house
was
loathsome
vnto
him
,
all
pleasures
poison
,
and
as
a
man
distracted
and
●ent
from
his
humaine
reason
,
so
contemned
he
al
humaine
society
:
so
that
it
was
thought
he
offered
this
punishment
of
himsel●e
,
as
an
oblation
to
alay
the
fury
of
the
Goddes
which
he
had
iustly
prouoked
to
do
iustice
against
him
,
or
to
pacifie
the
wondering
Ghostes
of
such
,
whom
he
had
wrongfuly
put
to
death
.
After
this
,
neglecting
altogether
the
gouernment
of
the
kingdome
,
refusing
the
estate
and
dignity
giuen
and
due
to
a
Prince
,
he
gaue
himselfe
to
making
of
Gardens
,
and
sowed
seedes
,
setting
hearbes
and
weedes
together
,
all
which
hee
would
steepe
in
venemous
licquors
,
and
commend
as
espetiall
presents
to
his
most
decrest
friends
.
Furthermore
he
gaue
himselfe
to
the
practise
and
exercise
of
the
Smiths
crast
,
and
to
the
founding
of
mettales
,
maru●lously
delighting
in
casting
of
Brasse
.
Finally
entending
to
make
his
mother
a
Toombe
,
as
he
was
earnestly
occupied
about
the
same
,
he
caught
a
surfet
by
the
heat
of
the
sun
,
of
which
he
died
within
seuen
daies
after
,
by
his
last
will
making
the
people
of
Rome
his
The
death
of
Attalus
.
heire
.
But
Aristonicus
the
sonne
of
Eumenes
,
not
begotten
in
wedlock
,
but
born
of
a
single
woman
of
Ephesus
,
who
after
the
death
of
Attalus
,
tooke
vpon
him
the
gouernment
of
the
kingdome
of
Asia
,
as
it
had
bin
successiuely
his
claime
by
right
of
the
inheritance
.
When
hee
fought
many
prospercus
battels
,
against
such
of
the
citties
as
would
not
yeelde
themselues
to
his
ayde
,
for
feare
of
the
Romaines
,
and
by
that
successe
seemed
now
to
be
rightfull
King
without
contradiction
,
Licinius
Crassus
the
consull
,
was
appointed
to
haue
the
charge
and
disposing
of
al
things
in
Asia
,
who
hauing
more
minde
of
Attalus
riches
,
then
how
for
his
advantage
to
contriue
his
warres
(
by
the
aduenturing
the
encounter
in
the
later
end
of
the
winter
)
without
heedfull
direction
he
was
The
rewarde
of
a
〈◊〉
man
.
ouercome
,
and
with
the
losse
of
his
life
concluded
his
rashnesse
,
and
suffered
punishment
of
his
couetousnesse
.
To
succeed
in
his
roome
was
sent
the
consull
Perpenna
,
who
in
the
first
encounter
vanquished
Aristo●●●us
,
tooke
him
prisoner
,
and
shipped
all
the
treasure
of
Attalus
appertaining
to
the
Romans
by
force
of
Legacie
,
and
conueyed
them
to
Rome
;
the
which
his
successour
Marcus
aquilius
the
Consull
,
taking
sore
to
hart
,
made
all
the
speed
he
could
,
to
take
Aristomicus
into
his
hand
,
whereby
hee
himselfe
might
rather
haue
the
honor
of
the
triumph
for
vanquishing
him
then
Perpenna
:
but
the
death
of
Perpenna
brake
off
the
strife
betweene
the
two
Consuls
,
and
so
Asia
beeing
made
the
right
of
the
Romans
,
did
with
her
riches
send
all
her
vices
vnto
Rome
.
THE
XXXVII
.
BOOKE
OF
Iustine
.
THE
ARGVMENT
.
THe
Massilians
intreat
the
Romaines
to
release
their
displeasure
againste
the
Phocenses
.
The
Romaines
reward
the
Kings
that
aideth
them
against
Arystomicus
.
The
cruelty
of
Laodice
toward
her
owne
children
.
The
byrth
,
education
,
and
daungers
of
Mythridates
.
He
subdueth
the
Scithians
.
Hee
trauailleth
through
Asia
disguised
.
He
putteth
his
wife
to
death
,
for
going
about
to
poysonne
him
.
His
warlicke
conuersation
.
He
entereth
into
league
with
Nicomedes
Kyng
of
Bithinia
,
and
they
ioyntly
Conquer
Paphlagonia
.
He
subdueth
also
Galatia
,
contrary
to
the
prohibition
of
the
Romans
.
Nicomedes
altereth
the
name
of
his
sonne
,
and
proclaimeth
him
King
of
Paphlagonia
.
AFter
that
Aristomicus
was
taken
prisoner
,
the
Massilians
,
sent
Ambassadors
to
Rome
,
humblye
requesting
pardon
for
the
Phocenses
their
first
founders
,
vppon
whose
Citty
and
people
,
the
Senate
had
giuen
sentence
that
they
should
be
vtterly
rooted
out
,
and
the
posteritye
oftheir
name
extirp
,
for
that
both
in
the
last
war
with
Aristonicus
,
and
before
time
when
they
had
like
controuersie
with
Antiochus
,
the
same
citty
like
deadlye
enemies
had
euer
furthered
the
warre
against
them
,
which
request
the
Massilians
with
much
sute
obt●ined
.
This
done
they
rewarded
the
kings
that
aided
them
against
Aristomicus
.
vnto
Mithridates
king
of
Pontus
,
they
gaue
the
lesser
Syria
,
and
vnto
the
sons
of
Ariarathes
king
of
Cappadocia
,
who
loste
his
life
in
the
same
battell
,
they
gaue
Licao●●a
and
Cilicia
,
wherin
the
Senat
and
people
of
Rome
,
dealt
more
fauourably
with
the
sonnes
of
theyr
confederates
,
then
the
mother
dealte
with
hir
own
children
,
for
by
the
one
the
child
had
his
kingdome
inlarged
,
by
the
other
he
was
bereft
of
his
life
.
For
Laodice
,
of
six
sons
Ariarathes
had
begotten
by
her
(
for
seare
least
by
continuall
succession
in
the
gouernment
of
the
kingdome
,
some
of
them
might
happen
to
attaine
to
mans
estate
)
killed
siue
of
them
,
one
of
the
youngest
by
the
help
of
his
kindred
,
was
preserued
from
his
mothers
cruelty
,
after
the
death
of
Laodice
,
(
whom
the
people
The
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
tuelty
of
a
mother
.
had
put
to
death
for
the
cruelty
toward
her
children
)
inioyd
the
kingdom
to
himselfe
.
Mithridates
also
being
surprized
by
sudden
death
,
left
a
son
to
possesse
his
throne
of
his
own
name
,
who
afterward
grew
to
such
power
,
that
he
surmounted
in
estate
,
not
onely
the
kings
of
his
time
,
but
also
all
them
that
had
reigned
before
him
:
he
held
wars
with
the
Romans
six
and
forty
years
togither
,
Myth●idates
the
gr●at
.
sometime
with
conquest
,
sometime
with
losse
,
whom
the
most
expert
captains
,
Silla
,
and
Lucullus
,
with
diuers
others
:
and
in
fine
,
Cneus
Pompeius
ouercam
in
such
sort
,
that
he
still
rose
with
greater
force
and
prowesse
to
renue
the
wars
,
and
by
his
losses
seemed
euer
to
bee
made
more
terrible
vnto
them
,
nor
at
last
was
he
vanquished
as
an
enimy
,
but
in
his
old
&
declining
age
,
leauing
his
son
to
be
his
heir
,
he
dispatched
and
shortened
his
own
life
,
by
desperat
and
wilful
death
in
his
own
kingdom
,
which
he
long
honorably
had
made
good
against
his
enemies
,
and
where
his
ancestors
had
reigned
of
long
continuance
.
The
very
wonders
of
heauen
did
pronosticate
to
what
greatnes
he
shold
aspire
,
for
both
the
same
year
he
began
his
Empire
,
there
appeared
during
the
progresse
of
therescore
and
ten
dayes
,
at
both
times
such
a
blazing
star
,
that
all
the
sky
seemed
to
bee
on
fire
;
for
it
was
so
large
and
spatious
,
that
it
A
Come●
occupied
a
quarter
of
the
heauen
,
and
shewed
so
bright
,
that
it
blemished
the
light
of
the
sunne
,
and
when
it
rose
or
went
down
,
it
consumed
4.
houres
at
each
time
.
When
he
was
a
child
,
his
own
gouernors
went
about
to
destroy
him
,
Romaynes
him
vpon
a
rough
and
vnbroken
horse
,
and
compelling
him
to
learne
to
ride
,
and
practise
the
actiuity
and
Noble
exercise
of
Turney
,
the
which
attempt
,
following
not
their
minds
as
they
hoped
for
,
because
the
yong
prince
Mithridates
managed
the
horse
better
then
was
hoped
or
expected
in
one
of
his
age
,
they
assailed
him
with
poyson
,
but
he
casting
how
to
escape
perils
before
they
came
,
drunk
treacle
oftentimes
,
by
means
wherof
,
he
so
stayed
his
body
with
tried
and
exquisit
medicines
,
that
when
he
was
old
,
he
would
haue
poisoned
himselfe
and
could
not
.
After
this
,
fearing
his
enemies
would
compasse
the
treason
by
stratigem
,
which
they
could
not
by
poyson
,
he
counterfetted
a
desire
of
hunting
,
wher
by
the
space
offoure
yeeres
,
hee
came
not
vnder
anye
roofe
in
the
Cittie
,
or
cottage
in
the
Country
,
but
wandred
vp
and
down
in
forrests
and
woods
,
and
rested
the
night
time
in
Mountains
,
somtime
in
one
place
,
somtime
in
another
,
making
no
place
especiall
for
his
repose
,
nor
no
man
that
knew
his
particular
haunt
,
he
enured
himselfe
eyther
to
chase
or
to
pursue
the
wilde
beasts
on
foot
,
and
with
some
of
them
to
encounter
by
plain
force
,
by
means
whereof
,
he
both
auoyded
all
treason
,
and
also
hardned
his
body
to
ab●de
all
kind
of
labor
and
trauell
.
Afterward
when
he
came
to
take
the
gouernment
of
the
kingdome
vpon
him
,
he
immediately
set
his
minde
not
so
much
to
the
gouerning
,
as
to
the
enlarging
of
the
same
,
and
in
his
Warres
,
he
marueilous
fortunately
subdued
Mit●●idates
〈◊〉
the
〈◊〉
the
Scythians
,
who
before
that
day
was
neuer
conquered
,
who
Noblie
destroyed
Zopyron
,
the
captaine
of
great
Alexander
,
with
thirty
thousand
fighting
men
,
who
had
slain
Cyrus
K.
of
Persia
,
with
two
hundred
thousand
men
of
warre
,
and
had
put
to
flight
,
Phillip
king
of
Macedon
.
Being
thus
encreased
in
strength
,
he
conquered
Pontus
,
and
consequently
Cappadocia
.
Then
with
certaine
of
his
friends
he
went
secretly
disg●ised
out
of
his
own
kingdom
,
without
knowledge
to
any
other
,
then
those
frends
associated
him
,
and
wandered
through
Asia
,
viewing
the
Scituation
of
the
citties
and
prouinces
of
the
same
.
From
thence
he
trauelled
ouer
Bithini●
,
and
as
though
he
had
bin
already
Lord
of
Asia
,
he
prouided
himselfe
of
all
things
that
might
helpe
to
further
him
toward
this
great
conquest
.
After
this
trauell
,
when
all
men
supposed
he
had
bene
dead
,
he
returned
backe
into
his
owne
realme
where
he
found
a
little
sonne
,
whom
Laodice
his
Sister
and
wife
had
brought
him
foorth
in
hys
absence
.
But
in
the
midst
of
the
ioy
that
was
made
,
for
his
returne
and
for
the
birth
of
the
child
,
he
was
in
danger
to
be
poysoned
;
for
his
sister
Laodice
,
beleeuing
him
to
be
dead
,
The
wife
of
Mithrid●tes
pra●●●leth
to
take
his
li●e
.
and
thereupon
abusing
her
body
with
his
friends
,
(
as
though
shee
mighte
haue
less
ened
her
offence
,
by
committing
of
a
greater
crime
)
prepared
a
cuppe
of
poyson
to
Welcome
him
home
withall
.
Whereof
Mythridates
hauing
intelligence
by
a
Damsel
,
punished
the
offence
vpon
the
practisers
thereof
.
After
when
Winter
drew
on
,
he
spent
not
the
time
in
feasting
but
in
seats
of
Armes
,
not
in
ydlenesse
but
in
excercise
,
not
among
carpet
knights
,
but
in
Iusting
and
Turnement
,
in
running
on
foot
,
and
on
horsebacke
,
or
else
in
wrestling
and
tryall
of
strength
amongst
his
peeres
:
he
also
daily
enured
his
men
of
Warre
by
daily
excercise
,
to
be
enured
to
like
labor
and
trauell
,
equall
with
himselfe
.
By
meanes
whereof
,
as
by
the
Noblenes
of
his
mind
,
and
courage
of
his
body
,
he
was
reputed
inuincible
himselfe
,
so
his
whole
hoast
trained
vp
vnder
him
,
were
held
inuincible
also
.
He
first
entred
into
leage
with
Nicomedes
,
and
then
inuaded
Paphlagonia
,
the
which
hauing
conquered
,
hee
diuided
the
benefit
thereof
to
his
captaines
and
followers
:
When
newes
was
deliuered
to
the
Senate
,
that
these
kinges
had
subdued
the
kingdome
,
they
sent
Ambassadours
to
them
both
,
He
conqueteth
Paphlagonia
.
commaunding
them
not
onely
to
desist
from
what
they
had
begunne
,
but
withall
to
leaue
it
,
without
being
any
way
indamaged
by
them
in
the
same
estate
they
found
it
in
.
But
Mythridates
accounting
himselfe
now
of
power
sufficient
to
resist
the
puissance
of
the
Romaines
,
answered
proudly
,
that
the
kingdome
was
his
fathers
by
inheritance
,
and
that
he
maruailed
,
(
knowing
no
reason
they
had
for
it
)
they
should
make
argument
with
him
for
his
,
more
then
they
before
had
done
with
his
father
:
vpon
which
answere
being
threatened
in
the
behalfe
of
the
Senat
by
the
Ambassadors
,
he
set
so
light
by
their
menaces
,
that
he
forthwith
inuaded
Galicia
.
Nicomedies
also
(
forasmuch
as
he
was
not
able
to
make
his
party
good
,
in
the
right
of
his
kingdome
by
any
title
)
answered
he
would
surrender
vp
his
to
the
lawful
King.
And
thereupon
changing
the
name
of
his
owne
sonne
,
he
called
him
Phylomenes
,
by
the
name
of
the
Kings
of
Paphlagonia
.
By
which
conueiance
,
vnder
that
counterfet
pretext
,
he
still
held
the
kingdome
,
as
though
he
had
restored
it
to
the
rightfull
successor
.
So
the
Romaine
Ambassadors
being
thus
had
in
derision
without
other
answer
,
then
being
scoffed
by
both
,
returned
back
to
Rome
.
The
end
of
the
xxxvij
.
Booke
.
The
38.
Booke
of
Iustine
.
THE
ARGVMENT
.
MYthridates
destroyeth
Ariarathes
king
of
Cappadocia
,
and
Nicomedes
inuadeth
the
kingdome
.
Mythridates
vnder
pretence
of
helping
his
sisters
sonne
,
driueth
Nicomedes
out
of
the
realme
,
and
by
a
cunning
slight
taketh
awaye
the
life
of
his
sisters
son
,
and
maketh
one
of
his
own
sons
king
.
The
Cappadocians
rebell
,
and
set
vp
Artarathes
,
the
brother
of
the
before
slaine
king
,
whom
Mythridates
ouercommeth
,
and
driueth
him
out
of
the
realme
.
The
saide
Ariarathes
dyeth
,
whereupon
Nicomedes
subborneth
a
beautifull
young
man
,
vnder
the
color
of
being
brother
to
the
said
Ariarathes
to
sue
to
the
Senate
of
Rome
for
the
kingdome
.
Mythridates
doth
the
like
with
another
of
his
sonnes
.
The
Cappadocians
being
set
at
liberty
desire
a
king
.
Ariobarzanes
is
appointed
by
the
Senat.
Mithrydates
entereth
into
league
with
Tygranes
king
of
Armenia
,
who
expulseth
Ariobarzanes
out
of
Cappadocia
.
The
Romaines
sent
their
Lieutenants
to
set
Aryobarzanes
again
in
his
kingdome
.
Mithridates
maketh
great
preparations
and
furniture
for
the
warres
.
He
encouraged
his
souldiors
and
consulteth
of
the
ordering
of
his
warre
.
Ptolomye
King
of
Cyrene
obteining
the
Kingdome
of
Egipt
after
the
death
of
his
brother
,
worketh
most
extreame
cruelty
against
the
Authours
of
his
promotion
.
The
Ambassadors
of
Rome
come
to
Alexandria
.
Ptolomy
flieth
out
of
Egipt
,
maketh
warre
against
the
same
,
committeth
most
execrable
cruelnesse
against
his
owne
children
.
The
curtesie
shewed
by
the
King
of
Parthia
to
Demetrius
,
being
their
prisoner
.
Demetrius
ste●leth
away
twice
,
and
is
sent
back
againe
.
Antiochus
the
brother
of
Demetrius
,
maketh
Warre
against
the
Parthians
.
Demetrius
goeth
into
Syria
.
Antiochus
is
slaine
,
and
all
his
hoast
murdered
by
a
sudden
conspiracy
.
Demetrius
escapeth
into
his
kingdome
.
MYthridates
now
,
least
any
stop
or
suspition
of
his
,
should
lie
in
the
way
to
withstand
his
ambitious
proceedings
,
from
honorable
warres
abroad
,
he
returned
to
vnciuil
murthers
at
home
,
and
hauing
begunne
first
with
putting
his
wife
to
death
,
determined
to
expire
no
lesse
,
on
the
children
of
his
other
Sister
Laodice
,
whose
husband
Ariarathes
king
of
Cappadocia
,
he
had
traitrouslye
slaine
by
the
furtherance
of
Gordius
,
accounting
the
stratigem
that
concluded
the
Father
,
of
little
purpose
,
if
after
him
the
yong
Princes
should
inioy
the
inheritance
of
the
kingdome
,
which
heeso
much
thirsted
after
.
But
while
he
was
busied
in
these
politick
affaires
,
Nicomedes
king
of
Bithinia
,
inuaded
Cappadocia
,
then
detistute
of
a
head
,
b●
reason
of
the
late
death
of
the
king
:
which
Mithridates
taking
in
hand
to
defend
vnder
a
fayned
pretence
of
pittying
his
sister
,
hee
sent
her
succour
to
expuise
Nic●●●●es
o●t
of
Cappadoc●a
.
But
Laodice
had
by
that
time
they
were
arriued
yeelded
hir
se●f
to
Nicomedes
,
vpon
condition
he
s●ould
take
he●
to
wife
.
Whi●h
marriage
Mythridates
taking
in
high
displeasure
,
hee
compelled
the
Garr●sons
of
●●comedes
out
of
Cappadoc●a
,
and
restored
the
king●ome
to
his
sisters
sou●●
,
wherein
he
had
per●ormed
a
kinsman
part
,
and
therem
had
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
right
Noble
if
thereby
had
not
followed
a
de●eit
which
he
practised
in
the
Mithrida●es
d●●●●th
Nicom●des
out
of
C●ppadocia
.
doing
thereof
.
For
wi●hin
few
dayes
after
he
was
earnest
to
ha●e
Gordius
restored
home
into
the
fauor
of
his
king
and
〈◊〉
,
whose
helpe
he
had
●sed
in
the
murther
of
Ariarathes
,
hoping
that
if
the
young
king
thereat
wo●lde
seeme
to
make
resistance
,
he
sho●ld
the
a
haue
some
q●arrel
to
make
warre
vpon
him
;
or
if
he
were
contented
therewithal
,
that
he
then
migh●
dispatch
the
sonne
by
the
same
man
that
he
ruinated
the
father
.
Which
deuise
when
Ariarathes
the
yonger
vnderstood
to
be
wrought
against
him
,
taking
it
in
displeasure
that
the
murtherer
of
his
father
should
be
repeald
out
of
exile
,
(
and
that
in
especiall
by
his
Vncle
)
whoe
rather
of
Iustice
oughte
to
haue
punished
so
hemoas
an
offender
,
then
thus
ha●e
fauored
him
;
as
well
●or
his
owne
defence
which
he
do
●●●ed
,
as
otherwayes
he
raised
a
great
Arm●
.
Mithr●●ates
now
hauing
brought
into
the
field
,
fo●rescore
tho●sand
sootmen
,
and
ten
tho●sand
horsemen
,
with
sixe
hundred
armed
Chariots
,
and
that
his
aduersary
Artar●thes
by
the
help
of
the
kings
that
were
his
neighbo●rs
,
and
were
contesserat
with
him
,
had
leuied
and
assembled
togither
as
great
a
power
as
their
enemy
,
which
Mythridates
s●pposed
them
vnpossible
to
raise
,
for
feare
of
the
vncertaine
chaunce
of
the
battell
,
he
altered
his
purpose
of
warre
,
to
the
practising
of
treason
,
being
of
opinion
tha●
in
causes
that
concern
kings
,
no
treason
for
conscience
sake
,
ought
to
be
neglected
,
which
certainly
tends
to
the
publick
preseruation
of
so
particular
a
person
,
whose
security
before
lay
in
hazzard
.
And
therupon
procuring
the
yong
Prince
to
come
to
a
conference
with
The
trech●ry
of
M●thridates
.
him
,
he
conueyed
a
dag●●●●
in
the
vpperstock
of
his
hose
,
and
when
the
sercher
that
was
sent
by
Ari●●●thes
(
as
the
manner
ofkinges
is
)
began
to
feele
carefully
the
neather
part
of
his
be●ly
,
he
i●stingly
bad
him
beware
that
he
sound
not
another
weapon
then
he
sought
for●so
by
meanes
of
which
scosse
the
treason
was
disclosed
.
Then
both
the
kings
being
come
to
the
place
of
parley
,
Mythridates
drewe
Ariarathes
a
good
way
from
hi●
Friends
.
as
it
had
bin
to
haue
their
communica●ion
secret
to
themselus
,
wher
watching
his
aduant
age
in
the
open
view
of
both
armies
slue
him
,
and
crowned
a
son
of
his
own
of
the
age
of
8.
years
k.
of
Cappad●cia
,
giuing
him
the
name
of
Ariarathes
,
and
assigning
Gordius
to
be
his
gouernor
.
But
the
Cappadocians
being
vexed
with
the
cruelty
and
treachery
of
the
The
sonne
of
Myth●●dates
it
expulted
forenamed
persons
,
reuolted
from
Mithridates
,
and
sent
for
the
kings
brother
,
whose
name
was
Ariarathes
also
out
of
Asia
,
where
he
was
instructed
and
brought
vp
,
against
whom
Mithridates
renued
the
wars
,
and
hauing
ouercome
him
,
draue
him
from
out
of
the
realme
of
Cappadccia
.
Not
long
after
,
what
for
feare
of
his
kinsmans
pursuit
,
and
what
by
the
present
distresse
he
was
in
,
the
young
prince
caught
a
sicknes
and
died
.
After
his
death
Nicomedes
fearing
least
Mithridates
by
obtaining
Cappadocia
,
would
further
inuade
Bithinia
,
as
next
neighbor
vnto
it
,
subborned
a
child
of
excellent
beauty
(
as
thogh
Ariarathes
had
begotten
3.
sons
,
and
not
two
only
)
to
desire
of
the
senat
of
Rome
the
kingdom
of
Cappadocia
,
as
his
rightful
inheritance
from
his
father
.
Moreouer
he
sent
his
wife
Laodice
vnto
Rome
,
to
testifie
that
she
The
impudent
sute
of
M●th●d
〈◊〉
to
the
S●nat
.
bare
three
sonnes
by
Ariarathes
,
and
that
was
one
of
them
:
which
deuice
,
when
Mithridates
heard
of
,
he
also
with
like
modesty
sent
Gordius
vnto
Rome
,
to
auouch
before
the
Senat
,
that
the
childe
to
whome
he
had
delinered
the
kingdom
of
cappadocia
,
was
the
son
of
the
same
Ariarathes
,
which
in
the
quarrel
of
the
Romans
,
was
slaine
in
the
battel
of
Aristomicus
.
But
the
Senate
vnderstanding
the
meaning
and
subtil
endeauor
of
both
the
kings
,
woulde
not
seem
so
vniust
and
partial
,
to
giue
other
mens
kingdoms
to
vsurpers
&
vpstart
heires
that
assumed
forged
names
to
themselues
,
but
they
sirste
tooke
The
order
t●len
by
the
S●nat
.
cappadocia
from
Mithridates
,
and
to
comfort
Nicomedes
withall
,
they
took
Paphlagonia
from
him
.
And
to
the
intent
it
should
not
seem
,
they
wold
bereaue
kingdomes
from
these
kings
in
despight
of
them
,
&
presently
bestow
them
vpon
others
,
they
hauing
disposest
them
,
left
both
the
Nations
to
be
at
liberty
.
But
the
cappadocians
refusing
this
gift
of
freedome
,
returned
to
the
Senat
Artobazanes
made
king
of
Cappadoc●a
.
that
they
nor
their
country
,
neither
could
nor
wold
liue
and
continue
without
a
k.
whereupon
Ariobarzanes
was
appointed
to
take
the
rule
and
preheminence
ouer
them
.
There
was
at
the
same
time
one
Tigranes
k.
of
Armenia
,
kept
in
hostage
not
long
before
by
the
Parthians
,
and
now
remitted
by
them
into
his
fathers
kingdome
:
Him
did
Mithridates
couet
to
allure
to
take
part
with
him
,
in
the
wars
that
he
so
long
time
had
purposed
against
the
Romans
,
whom
by
the
means
of
Gordius
he
perswaded
(
as
one
that
knew
not
what
it
was
to
displease
so
imperious
a
people
)
to
make
warre
upon
them
.
Ariobarzanes
,
who
was
no
other
but
an
absolute
coward
,
and
to
the
intent
he
would
not
haue
it
appear
,
he
did
it
either
for
fear
or
policy
,
he
gaue
him
his
daghter
Cleopatra
in
marriage
,
while
he
himselfe
,
at
the
first
comming
of
Tygranes
to
receiue
her
,
conueying
away
all
his
stuffe
,
fled
speedily
to
Rome
;
so
by
the
meanes
of
Tigranes
,
Cappadocia
was
againe
reduced
vnder
the
Dominion
of
Mith●idates
.
At
the
same
instant
died
Nicomedes
,
whose
sonne
named
Nicomedes
,
being
driuen
out
of
his
kingdome
by
Mithridates
,
resorted
to
Rome
for
Mithridates
〈◊〉
Cappadocia
.
succor
,
vpon
whose
humble
sute
it
was
decreed
by
the
Senat
,
that
both
he
&
Ariobarzanes
should
be
seated
in
possession
of
their
kingdomes
again
.
For
the
persormance
whereof
,
Aquilius
,
Manlius
,
and
Malthinus
,
were
sent
to
be
Lieutenants
of
the
war.
Mithridates
hauing
knowledge
hereof
,
&
intending
to
answer
this
enterprized
hostility
of
the
Romaines
,
allyed
himselfe
with
Tygranes
,
betwixte
whome
it
was
couenaunted
,
that
Mythrydates
shoulde
haue
for
his
part
the
citties
and
lands
,
and
Tygranes
for
his
share
the
men
&
Mithridates
and
Tygranes
confederate
togither
.
cattell
,
and
whatsoeuer
else
was
moueable
.
After
this
,
Mithridates
considering
what
a
warre
he
had
vndertaken
,
sent
out
his
Ambassadours
,
some
to
the
Cymbrians
,
some
to
the
French-greekes
,
some
to
the
Sarmatians
,
others
to
the
Baslarnes
,
to
request
them
oftheir
aide
and
helpe
:
all
which
Nations
he
had
allured
long
before
,
by
shewing
to
them
friendships
and
sundrye
fauors
euer
since
he
first
purposed
this
warre
against
the
Romaines
,
and
which
now
he
made
in
readines
for
.
Moreouer
he
raised
an
hoast
of
men
in
Scithia
,
and
armed
all
the
East
,
against
his
so
powerfull
enemies
,
whereby
it
was
no
maruell
,
that
he
ouercome
Aquilius
and
Malthine
,
hauing
none
but
the
M●●●●dates
sturetn
other
Nations
a●●●●
the
Ro
mains
.
men
of
Asia
on
their
part
,
and
after
the
discomfiture
of
whome
,
and
of
Nicomedes
,
al
the
citties
were
earnest
suters
to
be
receiued
into
his
fauor
.
Ther
he
found
as
it
were
stored
vp
in
readines
for
the
imployment
he
had
,
great
plenty
of
Gold
and
siluer
,
gathered
and
reserued
by
the
kings
in
times
past
,
with
much
fvrniture
for
the
war
,
which
in
that
action
he
had
in
hand
,
he
knew
both
necessary
and
needful
:
and
forasmuch
that
this
prouision
made
greatly
for
his
furtherance
,
and
being
now
from
al
infirmities
strengthned
that
he
would
not
seeme
also
to
be
chargeable
to
the
citties
,
he
released
them
al
their
debts
,
as
wel
priuate
as
publicke
,
and
exempted
them
freely
from
all
charges
,
as
wel
of
the
wars
,
as
of
tribute
and
taxes
for
5.
years
space
.
Then
assembled
he
his
souldiors
before
him
,
and
encouraged
them
with
diuers
requisit
exortations
to
this
war
against
the
Romans
,
otherwayes
entitled
the
wars
of
Asia
.
The
copy
of
which
Oration
,
I
haue
thought
woorthy
not
to
be
seuered
from
this
work
(
albeit
I
desire
to
be
short
)
in
the
same
maner
as
Pompeins
Trogus
hath
in
directly
set
it
forth
,
for
that
he
findeth
fault
with
Lyute
The
oration
of
M●●●●date●
to
his
mé
of
waire
and
Salust
,
for
publishing
Orations
in
their
workes
as
they
were
spoken
,
when
fewer
words
to
so
much
purpose
is
as
sufficient
,
and
for
that
by
so
doing
they
exceed
the
bounds
of
a
History
.
He
said
he
could
gladly
haue
wyshed
,
since
it
was
conuement
,
that
he
might
haue
consulted
vpon
this
point
before
the
violence
of
the
disquiet
attained
to
this
heighth
,
whether
it
had
bin
better
for
the
generall
good
of
them
al
,
thogh
not
for
the
particular
benisit
of
himselfe
,
to
haue
warre
or
peace
with
the
Romans
.
But
now
that
there
was
no
remedy
,
to
redeem
their
slauery
but
by
resistance
;
to
haue
libertye
but
by
the
law
of
war
,
to
haue
peace
,
vnlesse
purchased
now
in
so
aduenturous
a
sight
,
nor
reap
plenty
,
vnlesse
bought
with
the
price
of
their
enemies
blood
:
he
did
expect
&
hope
from
their
honorable
resolutions
,
since
al
men
wil
draw
their
weapons
against
theeues
,
thogh
not
to
defend
their
welth
,
yet
knowing
them
merciles
,
to
reuenge
their
deaths
.
But
for
asmuch
as
he
purposed
not
to
debate
,
whether
it
were
prositable
now
to
be
in
quyet
,
(
considering
they
had
a
quarrel
to
answer
,
not
against
them
that
were
suspected
enemies
in
hart
but
such
as
had
profest
themselues
apparantly
,
and
wer
now
to
be
encountered
like
deadly
enemies
in
publick
battel
,
)
he
desired
to
know
by
what
means
,
and
vpon
what
hope
,
they
should
maintaine
the
wars
they
had
already
begun
,
himself
not
doubting
the
victory
,
if
they
with
him
wold
but
continue
harty
corage
in
the
act
they
had
declared
,
both
in
the
plot
and
pretence
.
That
the
Romans
might
be
ouercome
,
his
souldiors
that
vanquished
Aquilius
in
Bithinia
,
and
Malthinus
in
cappadocia
,
wer
witnesses
as
well
as
he
.
But
if
he
thoght
the
examples
of
other
mens
fortunes
,
could
stir
and
inflame
them
more
then
their
own
experiences
,
he
had
heard
that
Pirrhus
K.
of
Epire
,
strenghned
but
with
5.
M.
Macedons
,
vanquished
the
Romans
,
●n
3.
seuerall
pitched
fields
.
He
had
herd
that
Hannibal
by
the
space
of
xvi
.
years
,
abode
in
Italy
like
a
conqueror
,
and
had
sackt
the
citty
of
Rome
it self
,
had
not
the
secret
malice
,
his
owne
countrimen
bare
to
his
fortunate
successes
,
bin
a
greater
hindrance
to
him
,
in
that
citties
ouerthrow
,
then
the
power
of
his
enemies
.
He
had
herd
that
the
Frenchmen
inhabiting
on
the
otherside
of
the
Alpes
,
entred
into
Italy
,
and
there
(
notwithstanding
the
Romans
)
seated
them selues
in
the
most
wealthiest
citties
of
al
the
continent
,
and
seized
into
their
hands
,
a
larger
peece
of
ground
euery
way
,
then
their
enemy
had
conquerd
in
Asia
.
Moreouer
the
said
Frenchmen
had
not
only
vanquished
the
Romans
but
also
taken
their
citty
;
in
somuch
that
they
left
them
no
more
ground
in
al
the
world
whereon
to
billet
themselues
,
but
on
a
hill
,
from
whence
they
were
faine
to
remoue
their
enemy
,
not
by
battel
,
but
by
ransom
.
The
which
Frenchmen
,
(
the
report
of
whose
name
since
hath
bin
so
terrible
to
the
Romans
)
he
had
to
strengthen
him
and
make
succesfull
his
war.
For
there
is
no
difference
between
the
Frenchmen
that
inhabit
Asia
,
and
the
Frenchmen
that
people
Italy
,
but
onely
the
distance
of
their
dwellings
asunder
.
As
for
their
original
,
their
prowes
,
and
the
maner
of
ordring
their
fight
was
al
one
;
seeing
that
those
in
Asia
,
must
of
force
be
of
much
more
policy
and
wit
,
as
they
haue
come
a
more
long
and
tedious
iourny
throgh
Sclauont●
&
Thrace
,
being
a
far
painfuller
labor
,
and
a
means
to
train
them
vp
in
a
secure
experience
to
make
themselues
waye
,
through
allthose
countries
,
then
the
other
to
settle
their
abiding
wher
they
now
inhabit
.
Furthermore
that
Italy
it self
,
was
neuer
wel
pleased
with
Rome
since
it
was
first
builded
,
but
that
continually
from
year
to
year
,
incessant
war
hath
bin
made
,
by
som
for
their
liberty
,
and
by
others
for
the
right
of
the
Empire
.
Insomuch
that
many
cities
of
Italy
had
vtterly
destroid
the
Roman
Army
by
the
sword
,
&
soone
compeld
them
snamefully
to
creep
vnder
a
yoke
:
and
least
he
might
seem
to
make
too
long
relation
in
matters
of
old
time
,
euen
at
that
present
al
Italy
was
vp
in
Armes
ioyntly
,
togither
with
the
Marses
,
not
to
demaund
liberty
,
but
society
in
the
Empire
,
and
in
the
city
it self
.
Neither
was
the
city
Rome
,
oppressed
more
by
the
wars
of
their
neighbors
in
Italy
,
then
by
the
factions
,
and
partakings
of
her
Noblemen
at
home
,
wherby
the
ciuil
vprores
were
more
daungerous
,
then
the
forrain
wars
combersome
.
Besides
these
,
the
Cimbrians
,
that
vnmesurable
,
disordered
,
and
huge
rabble
of
sauage
and
vnmercifull
rascalles
,
were
swarmed
out
of
Germanie
,
of
al
which
Nations
,
although
the
Romaines
might
be
able
to
withstand
the
brunt
,
yet
by
al
at
once
,
they
must
be
so
oppressed
,
that
they
could
hardly
haue
leisure
to
resist
his
wars
in
hand
.
Wher
fore
occasion
ought
to
bee
taken
while
it
was
offered
,
both
to
the
encreasement
of
their
strength
,
and
forwardinge
their
dissieignes
,
least
if
they
stood
still
while
their
enemie
had
his
hand
ful
,
and
neglected
the
good
of
opportunity
,
which
lead
them
a
path
to
safetye
;
they
might
like
the
Grashopper
,
sing
in
Summer
,
&
starue
in
winter
,
rest
one
houre
,
&
they
&
their
postertiy
to
liue
in
misery
euer
after
.
For
it
was
not
by
him
in
question
,
whether
Warre
ought
to
be
made
or
no
,
but
how
it
might
be
so
done
to
redound
to
their
honor
,
and
the
ruine
of
the
Romaines
:
neither
did
he
seeke
occasion
now
to
make
warre
,
for
the
controuersie
was
begun
betweene
them
,
from
the
time
that
they
tooke
from
him
in
his
nonage
Phrigia
the
lesse
,
which
they
had
giuen
vnto
his
father
as
a
reward
for
aiding
them
in
their
battell
against
Aristomicus
,
but
had
continued
till
now
,
and
his
greuances
had
beene
faine
to
disgest
wa●ghting
times
leisure
,
till
he
should
be
abled
in
full
measure
so
to
rehearse
his
iniuryes
he
had
sustained
,
&
one
the
causers
therof
iustly
to
be
reuenged
.
Besides
,
that
countrey
they
had
rest
from
him
,
Seleucus
Callinicus
had
before
giuen
in
doury
with
his
daughter
to
his
great
Graund-father
Mithridates
.
They
had
also
commaunded
him
to
depart
out
of
Paphlagonia
,
or
else
were
ready
to
proclaime
against
him
defiance
,
which
Realme
fell
to
his
father
not
by
force
of
armes
,
nor
by
conquest
,
but
by
adoption
,
and
as
a
Legacy
of
a
last
will
and
Testament
,
made
at
the
deaths
of
the
rightfull
Kings
,
and
so
consequently
by
inheritance
:
whereas
notwithstanding
al
his
humble
obedience
,
to
their
seuere
&
bitter
decrees
,
they
were
not
at
al
moued
to
mitigate
them
,
but
rather
resolued
to
beare
themselues
more
cruelly
against
him
.
What
impositions
had
they
laide
vpon
him
which
he
had
refused
;
or
what
submission
could
they
deuise
which
he
had
despised
,
or
had
not
vsed
towards
them
?
Had
he
not
at
their
institution
,
surrendred
Phrigia
and
Phaphlagonia
?
had
he
not
by
their
appointment
withdrawne
his
sonne
out
of
Cappadocia
,
which
he
had
conquered
?
And
therefore
was
his
by
the
law
of
armes
?
Which
labour
of
his
was
by
them
vsurped
,
as
if
the
fruite
of
other
mens
chiualry
should
be
no
further
their
owne
,
then
they
list
?
that
they
hauing
no
Empire
of
their
owne
,
but
that
which
they
purchased
and
held
by
the
sword
,
should
deny
that
liberty
to
others
,
which
they
cherished
in
themselues
?
Did
he
not
for
their
pleasure
kyll
Creston
King
of
Bythinia
,
against
whom
the
Senat
had
proclaimed
warre
?
And
yet
for
all
these
endeuors
whereby
he
labored
to
be
acceptable
vnto
them
,
whatsoeuer
Gordius
or
Tygranes
vndertooke
,
and
was
displeasing
vnto
them
,
was
imputed
altogether
to
be
animated
and
furthered
by
him
.
Moreouer
in
despight
of
him
,
the
Senat
had
of
their
owne
voluntary
wil
&
pleasure
,
set
Cappadccia
at
liberty
which
countrey
they
themselucs
had
taken
from
other
Nations
.
Afterward
when
the
people
of
Cappadccia
sued
to
haue
Gordius
for
their
king
,
not
being
able
to
keepe
their
country
without
commotions
,
through
the
want
of
a
gouernor
,
they
could
by
no
sute
nor
intreaty
,
procure
their
consent
thereunto
,
though
hauing
no
other
reason
to
withstand
it
but
because
he
was
accounted
his
friende
.
Nicomedes
at
their
commaundement
made
warre
vpon
him
,
after
which
precept
of
theirs
being
by
Nicomedes
begun
,
they
suffered
him
not
to
take
such
reuenge
vpon
him
as
befitted
his
dignity
,
but
they
themselues
sought
to
compell
him
to
stand
to
their
censure
,
since
they
had
vndertooke
to
arbytrate
the
difference
betweene
them
.
Whereupon
vnlesse
he
should
sit
still
in
his
seat●
,
being
prouoked
by
these
meanes
,
&
suffer
euery
rumor
to
proclaime
him
a
coward
,
or
giue
leaue
to
that
dauncing
Damosels
sonne
Nicomedes
,
to
teare
him
from
his
Empire
at
his
pleasure
,
he
could
not
bee
at
content
of
them
;
neither
was
it
the
faults
of
kings
in
their
own
particular
person
,
which
they
were
offended
with
,
&
lought
to
redresse
,
but
their
power
and
Maiesty
which
they
studied
to
suppresle
wherby
to
bestow
it
on
their
own
confederats
,
and
thereby
,
whosoeuer
had
the
possession
thereof
,
the
dignity
they
still
reserued
to
themselues
as
theirs
:
which
practise
of
theirs
he
was
not
the
first
,
nor
had
bin
vsed
against
him
one●
;
for
after
the
same
manner
his
Graund-father
Pharnax
,
by
right
of
kindred
appointed
as
heyre
and
successor
to
Eumenes
King
of
Pergamus
,
and
againe
,
Eumenes
himselfe
in
whose
shipping
and
by
whose
meanes
,
they
were
first
conuaied
ouer
into
Asia
;
by
the
help
of
whose
men
of
Warre
,
more
then
by
their
owne
puissaunce
,
first
they
conquered
the
great
Antiochus
,
and
the
Frenchmen
in
Asia
,
and
shortly
after
King
Perses
in
Macedon
.
Al
which
fauors
of
his
,
their
own
turne
being
serued
they
forgot
,
and
not
onely
forsooke
him
but
held
him
as
an
enemy
,
forbidding
him
to
come
within
Italy
&
(
that
which
they
thought
they
might
not
do
to
him
for
shame
)
they
made
warre
vpon
his
sonne
Aristomic●s
.
There
was
neuer
any
King
that
had
deserued
mo●e
at
their
hand
,
or
don
more
for
them
whereby
to
be
respected
,
then
M●sinissa
King
of
Numidia
.
To
him
&
his
labors
they
imputed
the
ouercomming
of
their
●angeious
enemy
Hanniball
;
him
they
thanked
for
the
the
taking
of
Syphax
;
him
they
commended
for
the
destroying
of
Carthage
,
him
they
registred
among
the
two
Affricans
as
the
third
preseruer
of
their
citty
:
and
yet
with
the
same
mans
Nephew
,
but
euen
the
other
day
they
made
Warre
in
Affricke
so
deadly
and
mercilesse
,
that
after
they
had
vanquished
him
they
could
not
find
in
their
harts
for
his
great
Graund-fathers
sake
,
and
in
remembrance
of
the
good
he
had
done
for
them
,
either
to
spare
him
,
or
pardon
him
,
but
they
ymprisoned
him
,
and
led
him
through
the
citty
in
manner
of
a
Triumph
,
and
made
him
a
wondering
gazing
stock
,
to
the
vnsatisfied
eies
of
the
multitude
.
Thus
had
they
made
a
law
to
themselues
to
beare
continual
ha●red
against
al
kings
,
for
that
they
euer
had
such
to
beare
soueraignty
ouer
them
as
they
were
ashamed
to
heare
spoken
of
;
that
is
to
say
,
either
shephards
of
Thaborigiens
,
Southfaires
of
Sabynes
,
or
Outlawes
of
corinth
,
or
else
(
which
is
the
honorablest
name
and
title
they
can
euer
challenge
to
haue
bin
among
them
)
proude
men
,
and
as
(
they
themselues
report
)
such
founders
as
a
Wolfe
gaue
suck
vnto
▪
which
may
well
be
,
in
tha●
al
the
off-spring
of
that
people
,
hane
Wolues
harts
,
vnsac●able
of
blood
,
greedy
of
dominion
,
and
raueners
of
riches
;
whereas
himselfe
for
his
owne
p●rson
(
if
comparison
should
be
made
betweene
him
and
them
as
touching
Nobility
)
he
was
of
more
famous
lynage
,
and
more
worthyly
descended
then
that
ragged
heape
of
enemies
:
for
he
could
deriue
his
peug●ee
,
on
the
fathers
side
from
Darius
,
and
Cirus
,
the
first
founders
of
the
Mo●archy
of
the
Persians
,
&
on
the
mother
side
from
great
Alexander
,
from
Nycanor
an●
Selucus
,
●he
first
grounders
&
establishers
of
the
florishing
Empire
of
M●cedon
:
or
if
he
should
compare
his
people
with
theirs
,
he
said
he
was
a
ruler
of
those
Nations
,
which
are
not
only
able
to
match
the
Romain
Empire
,
but
also
withstood
the
Empire
of
Macedon
.
For
there
was
none
of
the
nations
ouer
whom
he
was
●uer
,
that
●ad
bin
at
any
time
subdued
by
forra●gne
princes
,
or
that
euer
submitted
th●ir
s●biection
to
any
King
,
vnlesse
he
were
of
their
owne
countrey
;
ch●se
whether
they
woulde
name
Cappadocia
or
Paphlagonia
,
Pontus
or
Byth●ia
,
A●●●●ia
the
greater
,
or
Armenia
the
lesse
,
of
which
Countries
neither
Alexander
(
euen
he
that
conquered
all
Asia
)
nor
any
of
his
successors
,
or
posterity
euer
touched
or
disturbed
.
As
for
Scithia
,
there
was
neuer
but
two
kings
before
him
,
namely
Darius
&
Phillip
,
that
euer
durst
somuch
as
atempt
to
enter
into
it
,
who
being
neither
able
●o
make
any
conquest
,
had
much
a
do
to
wind
themselus
out
with
the
preseruation
of
their
liues
,
from
whence
also
he
had
congregated
a
gret
part
of
his
strength
,
in
this
his
expedition
against
the
Romaines
.
For
himself
,
he
had
more
cause
to
haue
bin
affraide
when
he
entred
into
the
wars
of
Pontus
,
as
being
then
but
a
young
nouice
in
the
wars
,
and
a
fresh
water
souldior
not
inu●ed
to
hardynesse
.
For
the
Scithians
besides
that
they
be
well
harnessed
,
and
well
harted
,
are
also
fensed
,
eyther
with
desarts
and
wast
grounds
,
or
else
with
cold
and
extreamity
of
weather
,
which
bid
the
souldiors
prepare
,
to
abide
both
great
trauell
and
perill
:
among
which
distresses
,
neither
there
was
not
almost
any
hope
of
reward
,
os
so
wandring
an
enimy
,
which
had
not
only
no
mony
,
but
not
so
much
as
a
house
to
hide
his
head
,
or
shelter
himselfe
in
.
When
in
this
warfare
they
were
now
entred
into
,
there
was
a
more
delightfull
hope
to
he
cherished
,
for
neither
was
the
aire
more
temperate
in
all
the
worlde
,
then
in
Asia
,
the
soile
more
fertill
,
nor
more
plentye
of
fayre
and
plentifull
Citties
;
so
that
they
shold
spend
a
great
part
of
the
time
,
not
as
in
warfare
,
but
as
in
feasting
.
And
it
was
a
question
,
whether
the
Warre
should
be
more
casie
,
or
more
profitable
:
whether
they
should
aduenture
vpon
the
spoile
of
the
kingdome
of
Attalus
,
now
next
vnto
them
,
or
vppon
Lydia
and
Ionia
,
so
greatly
renowned
for
theyr
riches
in
auntient
time
,
neyther
of
which
,
they
shoulde
neede
to
goe
to
fighte
for
,
but
to
take
possession
of
.
For
all
Asia
was
so
desirous
of
their
comming
,
that
it
seemed
to
him
,
he
herd
them
call
,
and
cry
aloud
to
them
,
make
speed
.
So
great
hatred
to
the
Romains
,
had
the
greedy
and
rauenous
dispositions
of
their
Pro-consuls
,
the
polling
and
exacting
of
their
tole-gatherers
,
the
wrongfull
dealing
in
sutes
and
controuersies
in
the
Law
,
by
their
Officers
,
and
generally
the
oppression
of
all
parties
,
rooted
in
the
harts
of
them
.
Wherefore
he
willed
them
to
do
no
more
but
follow
him
manfully
,
to
take
president
from
him
,
&
ponder
with
themselus
what
so
great
an
army
might
be
able
to
effect
,
hauing
such
a
captaine
as
himselfe
,
whom
they
themselues
had
seene
,
without
the
helpe
of
any
of
his
souldiors
,
by
his
owne
industrye
,
onely
slue
the
king
of
Cappadocia
,
and
seyzed
his
kingdome
:
who
onely
of
all
the
men
and
worthy
Conquerors
that
euer
liued
,
conquered
all
the
countries
,
bordering
vppon
the
sea
of
Pontus
and
Scithia
also
,
which
before
his
time
were
so
perrillous
to
all
,
that
no
man
could
trauel
through
them
,
nor
haue
trafficke
in
safety
.
As
for
his
owne
Iustice
and
liberality
he
would
not
refuse
that
his
Souldiors
which
had
had
sufficient
tryal
and
experience
of
them
,
shoulde
beare
Witnesse
to
the
same
,
as
of
the
which
these
were
manifest
tokens
,
that
hee
onely
of
all
kinges
,
inioyed
not
soly
the
kingdomes
that
his
Father
possest
before
him
,
but
withal
for
his
bountiousnesse
and
royalty
,
was
a
dopted
to
be
heire
of
other
forraigne
realmes
:
as
colchos
,
Paphlagonia
,
and
Bosphorus
,
which
he
now
peaceable
held
.
When
he
had
thus
encouraged
his
Souldiers
,
alter
the
three
and
twenty
yeare
of
his
raigne
,
he
entred
into
war
against
the
Romans
.
He
returneth
to
the
stories
of
Egypt
At
that
time
in
Egypt
after
the
death
of
Ptolomy
the
King
,
Commissioners
seated
the
other
Ptolomy
which
raigned
at
cyrene
,
in
possession
of
the
kingdome
;
and
contracted
the
Queene
cleopatra
,
his
sister
to
him
to
be
his
wife
.
Ptolomy
reioycing
that
he
had
recouerd
his
brothers
kingdom
without
battel
,
the
which
he
knew
his
mother
Cleopatra
'
,
and
certaine
of
the
Nobility
,
went
priuatly
to
assure
vnto
his
brothers
sonne
,
to
the
great
displeasure
of
all
the
citty
,
caused
all
such
as
fauored
the
child
to
be
put
to
death
.
The
child
himselfe
he
slue
in
his
mothers
armes
,
the
very
same
day
that
he
married
her
,
in
the
The
cruelty
of
Ptolomy
.
middest
and
heigth
of
all
the
feasting
and
Ceremonies
of
wedlock
,
and
so
he
went
to
his
wife
and
sisters
nuptuall
led
all
bestained
with
the
blood
of
her
sonne
.
After
which
deede
he
was'as
cruell
and
reuengsull
to
his
other
countrymen
which
had
stood
for
him
and
called
him
to
the
kingdom
.
For
he
gaue
his
Souldiers
leaue
(
which
were
strangers
)
to
make
slaughter
of
whom
they
would
,
so
that
dayly
the
massacre
encreasing
and
the
channels
for
want
of
other
currant
were
supplied
with
blood
:
he
also
put
away
his
sister
,
and
tooke
to
wife
her
daughter
,
a
faite
young
maiden
hauing
rauished
her
perforce
,
with
which
Tyrany
the
people
were
to
sore
dismaid
,
that
they
shrunke
from
him
,
some
one
way
some
another
,
forsaking
their
natiue
country
like
banished
men
,
glad
of
any
ground
where
they
might
secure
themselues
from
him
.
Ptolomy
being
left
alone
with
his
Souldiers
,
in
so
great
a
Citty
,
when
he
saw
himselfe
Soueraigne
of
empty
houses
and
not
of
men
,
made
proclamation
that
what
strangers
soere
,
should
freely
come
and
inhabit
the
same
;
after
whose
resortthither
and
that
the
citty
was
againe
replenisned
,
he
went
forth
to
meete
the
Romaine
Ambassadors
,
Scipio
Affricanus
,
Suprius
Mumius
,
and
Lucius
Mettellus
,
which
comforted
the
Senat
,
to
see
how
the
Rèalms
of
their
confederats
were
ordered
.
But
looke
how
cruell
he
had
beene
to
his
owne
countreymen
,
so
much
was
he
a
laughing-stock
to
the
Romaines
.
For
he
was
yll
visaged
,
a
Ptolomy
derided
of
the
Roman
Ambassadors
.
dwarffe
by
Stature
,
and
had
such
a
barell
belly
,
that
he
seemed
more
like
a
beast
then
a
man
,
which
vnacustomed
deformity
,
his
smal
shrill
voyce
,
and
his
thin
garments
did
more
encrease
,
as
though
of
set
purpose
,
he
had
garnished
those
things
to
bee
seene
,
which
if
he
had
any
modest
reguard
of
shame
,
he
rather
ought
with
all
care
to
haue
concealed
.
After
the
daparture
of
the
Ambass
.
(
of
whom
Affricanus
whilest
he
beheld
the
city
,
was
himself
a
spectacle
to
the
Alexandrians
)
Ptolomy
being
for
his
former
cruelties
,
now
hated
of
his
alliance
also
,
fled
secretly
out
of
the
realme
with
his
sonne
,
whom
he
had
begotten
of
his
sister
,
and
with
his
wife
her
own
mothers
paramour
,
for
feare
os
treason
.
And
hauing
drawne
together
an
host
of
hired
Souldiers
,
he
made
warre
both
against
his
sister
,
and
against
his
owne
country
.
Afterward
he
sent
for
his
eldest
sonne
from
Cyrene
,
and
because
the
Alexandrians
should
not
make
him
King
against
him
,
which
he
onely
misdoubted
he
put
him
to
death
.
Whereat
his
people
no
longer
containing
themselues
to
be
sufferers
of
his
murthers
,
the
more
to
despight
him
,
brake
downe
his
Images
,
and
tore
down
his
pictures
,
set
vp
to
continue
the
memorye
of
him
in
their
mindes
:
which
outrage
he
thinking
to
be
done
by
the
procurement
of
his
sister
,
hee
slue
the
son
whom
he
had
begotten
by
hir
,
and
cutting
the
body
in
pieces
,
closed
it
in
a
basket
,
and
sent
it
for
a
present
to
the
mother
,
as
shee
was
making
a
feast
to
solemnize
the
remembrance
of
her
birth-day
.
Which
lamentable
spectacle
,
and
sorrowfull
sight
,
not
onely
to
the
Q.
her selfe
,
but
also
to
the
whole
Citty
,
cast
such
a
griefe
amongst
their
ioyful
meeting
,
that
suddainely
in
all
the
Court
,
was
nothing
heard
but
mourning
and
Lamentation
.
The
Noblemen
,
conuerting
themselues
from
feastinge
to
Funerals
,
presented
before
the
people
the
mangled
body
,
declaring
what
fruitles
hope
they
ought
to
haue
of
their
king
,
who
had
so
cruelly
murtherd
his
own
children
.
Cleopatra
,
after
that
the
sorrowe
of
her
sonne
was
abated
,
perceiuing
her
〈…〉
in
the
●6
.
●ooke
.
selse
greeuously
pursued
by
her
brothers
warre
,
demanded
help
of
Demetrius
king
of
Syria
by
his
Ambassadors
,
whose
fortunes
were
strange
and
worthy
to
be
spoken
of
.
For
Demetrius
as
it
is
shewed
before
,
making
Warreagainst
the
Parthtans
,
and
getting
the
victory
in
many
encounters
,
was
suddenly
surprized
by
pollicy
,
and
besides
the
losse
of
his
Army
,
was
also
hymselfe
taken
prisoner
;
whom
Arsaces
k.
of
the
Parthians
sent
into
Hir●●●ia
,
and
of
his
Noble
and
royal
corage
,
not
only
gaue
him
entertaiment
like
a
king
,
but
also
preferred
him
his
daughter
in
marriage
,
promising
moreouer
,
to
restore
him
to
the
kingdome
of
Syria
,
which
Trifo
hadde
vsurped
in
his
absence
.
After
whose
death
Demetrius
being
past
hope
of
recouery
of
his
kingdom
growing
weary
of
his
captiuity
,
and
the
priuatnes
of
his
life
being
lothsome
to
him
,
tho●gh
he
liued
neuer
so
wealthily
,
began
to
consider
with
himself
,
that
he
had
bin
a
king
,
soueraigne
of
many
things
,
where
now
his
captiuity
made
him
Lord
of
nothing
;
the
ground
he
walkt
on
,
the
place
he
lay
in
,
the
meat
he
eat
,
Nay
the
imprisonment
that
he
had
,
he
was
not
maister
of
,
since
both
he
,
and
all
these
,
were
to
be
altered
at
his
keepers
pleasure
;
and
in
this
consideration
of
his
,
rehearsing
to
himselfe
,
Since
thus
much
is
the
sate
of
prisoners
,
that
though
they
haue
lyberty
,
it
is
Bondage
.
I
will
be
a
king
on
nothing
.
In
which
determination
hee
assailed
to
steale
home
into
his
kingdome
.
His
counsellor
and
companion
in
this
Enterprize
,
was
a
frend
of
his
cald
Calimander
,
who
after
his
masters
long
captiuity
,
corrupting
guides
with
mony
,
and
disguising
themselues
in
Parthians
apparel
,
Demetrius
with
himselfe
,
escaped
out
of
Hircania
,
throgh
the
deserts
of
Arabia
,
vnto
Babilon
.
But
Phrahartes
which
succeeded
Arsaces
,
sent
Posthorses
after
him
,
who
made
such
speed
by
nearer
and
directer
waies
,
that
hauing
overtaken
him
they
broght
him
back
again
.
When
they
cam
befor
the
king
,
Callimander
his
seruant
was
A●
ex●mple
〈…〉
.
not
only
pardoned
,
but
highly
rewarded
for
his
faithfulnes
towards
his
mai
.
But
Demctrius
with
a
great
rebuke
,
was
sent
again
vnto
his
wife
into
Hircania
,
and
ther
attended
more
straightly
then
he
was
before
.
In
processe
of
time
when
his
wife
had
increased
children
to
him
,
it
was
thought
,
that
the
loue
of
them
,
and
the
content
of
his
wife
,
woulde
rather
settle
his
stay
,
then
the
desire
of
absence
intice
him
thence
;
whereupon
,
his
liberty
was
enlarged
,
but
he
cherishing
his
former
desires
,
accompanied
with
his
trusty
friend
escaped
againe
.
But
euen
with
like
pursuite
as
before
,
he
was
ouertaken
,
neare
vnto
the
borders
of
his
owne
kingdome
,
and
being
apprehended
,
was
brought
backe
〈◊〉
taken
againe
in
a
2
●●●ght
.
againe
,
before
the
king
,
who
commaunded
him
out
of
his
presence
in
great
displeasure
.
Neuerthelesse
graunting
him
againe
his
wife
and
children
,
as
fellow
and
obedient
comforters
to
him
,
he
was
againe
sent
backe
into
Hircania
,
his
former
place
of
pennance
,
&
rewarded
with
a
pair
of
gold
●hooes
,
in
reproofe
of
his
childish
lightnes
.
But
this
so
gentle
and
fauorable
demeanor
of
the
Parthians
toward
Deme
trius
,
proceeded
not
of
any
mercy
naturally
engraffed
in
that
Nation
,
or
in
respect
of
allyance
or
affinity
,
but
because
they
coueted
the
kingdome
of
Siria
,
entending
to
vse
Demetrius
as
an
Instrument
against
his
Brother
Antiochus
,
according
as
eyther
the
matter
,
the
time
,
or
the
chance
of
the
Warre
should
importune
.
Antiochus
hearing
thereof
,
thought
by
wisedome
and
foresight
to
preuent
their
subtill
practise
,
and
thereupon
led
his
hoast
(
which
he
had
hardned
,
and
inured
through
many
Voyages
and
battels
against
his
neighbors
)
Antiochus
leadeth
an
hoast
against
the
Parthia●
to
encounter
with
the
Parthians
.
But
in
this
enterprise
he
made
as
much
preparation
for
ryot
,
as
for
Warre
.
For
whereas
he
had
in
his
hoast
eight
hundred
thousand
men
of
Warre
,
he
had
euermore
three
hundred
thousand
others
,
that
followed
with
him
.
Of
which
the
most
part
were
Cookes
,
Bakers
,
Minstrils
,
and
players
of
Enterludes
.
Of
Gold
and
Siluer
,
he
was
so
inriched
with
so
great
abundance
,
that
euen
the
common
soldiors
ware
their
cloaths
embrodered
with
gold
;
nay
their
plenty
was
so
great
,
that
they
trod
vnder
their
feet
the
Mettel
,
for
the
loue
and
desire
of
which
,
kingdoms
haue
bin
dispeopled
,
children
haue
bin
fatherles
,
and
men
haue
willingly
kild
one
another
.
Moreouer
all
the
furniture
of
his
riches
,
were
of
cleane
Siluer
,
as
thogh
he
had
prepared
to
banquetting
and
not
to
battel
.
At
Anticchus
first
arriual
,
many
kings
of
the
East
saluted
him
,
and
yeelded
themselues
and
their
kingdome
as
his
tributaries
and
defenders
.
Fnally
detesting
the
pride
of
the
Parthians
,
it
was
not
long
ere
it
came
to
the
encounter
,
wherein
Antiochus
getting
the
vper
hand
,
in
three
seueral
pitched
fields
,
&
therupon
subduing
Babilon
by
force
,
was
accounted
great
:
by
Fortune
whereof
,
all
countries
reuolted
so
greedily
vnto
him
,
that
the
Parthians
had
no
more
Dominion
left
them
,
then
the
bare
soyle
of
the
realm
of
Parthia
.
Phrahartes
now
vpon
this
successe
of
Antiochus
,
sent
Demetrius
into
Syria
with
an
hoaste
of
Parthians
,
to
inuade
the
kingdome
;
to
the
entente
that
by
that
policy
,
Antiochus
might
bee
inforced
to
withdrawe
himselfe
out
of
Parthia
,
to
the
defence
of
his
owne
Realme
.
In
the
meane
time
because
he
could
not
ouercome
Antiochus
by
force
,
he
sought
meanes
to
surprize
him
by
policy
.
Antycchus
by
reason
he
had
such
a
multitude
,
dispersed
all
his
army
into
the
Cittyes
,
during
the
Winter
season
,
which
speaciall
care
of
his
was
his
vtter
ouerthrow
.
For
the
Citties
,
finding
themselues
burthned
with
victualing
of
his
host
,
and
also
iniurious
demeanor
of
the
Souldiers
,
reuolted
againe
to
the
Parthians
,
and
at
a
dayappointed
for
the
stratigem
,
all
at
one
houre
by
trayterous
conspiracy
set
vpon
the
host
,
as
it
was
deuided
in
euery
of
there
citties
,
and
billeted
in
places
seuerally
,
to
the
entent
they
being
assalted
all
at
once
,
A
sudden
conspiracy
against
Antiochus
.
they
should
not
be
able
one
to
come
to
the
rescue
of
another
.
When
tydings
heereof
came
to
Antiochus
,
he
assembled
such
as
Wintered
with
him
,
and
went
to
labor
the
reliefe
of
such
as
were
neerest
him
.
But
in
his
way
he
met
with
the
king
of
Parthians
and
his
power
,
against
whom
he
fought
more
valiantly
himselfe
,
then
did
his
host
;
wherein
his
valor
not
preua●ling
,
for
as
much
as
his
enemies
were
more
in
number
,
and
of
more
force
and
courage
,
his
men
forsooke
him
,
and
in
that
battell
he
was
slaine
.
For
whom
Phrahartes
made
a
royall
hearse
,
and
kept
funerals
for
him
as
befitted
the
prosperity
of
so
royall
a
Prince
;
withall
falling
in
loue
with
the
daughter
of
Demetrius
,
The
death
of
Antiochus
whom
Antiochus
had
brought
with
him
,
he
took
her
to
wife
.
By
fortune
of
which
good
hap
,
it
repented
him
that
he
let
go
Demetrius
,
and
sent
his
men
in
post
either
to
call
him
by
entreaty
,
or
if
he
denied
compell
him
back
.
But
Demetryus
dreading
so
much
which
after
was
approued
,
made
such
speed
,
that
he
recouered
his
owne
kingdome
;
whereby
the
Parthians
being
thus
disappointed
of
their
trauell
and
expectation
,
returned
to
the
king
.
The
end
of
the
xxxviij
.
Booke
.
THE
XXXIX
.
BOOKE
OF
Iustine
.
THE
ARGVMENT
.
DEmetrius
,
while
he
goeth
about
to
conquer
the
whole
realme
of
Egypt
,
loseth
his
owne
Realme
by
sodaine
rebellion
.
The
king
of
Egypt
subborneth
one
as
adopted
by
Antiochus
to
challenge
the
king
dome
of
Siria
,
proclaimed
him
by
the
name
of
Alexander
,
who
ouercommeth
Demetrius
and
killeth
him
.
Grypho
the
sonne
of
Demetrius
is
crowned
king
by
name
,
(
his
mother
bearing
all
the
rule
)
He
is
supported
by
the
power
of
the
Egyptians
against
Alexander
,
whom
he
vanquisheth
.
Alexander
is
taken
by
theeues
,
brought
vnto
Gripho
,
and
put
to
death
.
The
mother
of
Grypho
,
offering
her
sonne
a
cup
of
poyson
,
is
compelled
to
drinke
it
her selfe
.
His
brother
Cyricenus
maketh
insurrestion
against
him
.
The
King
of
Egypt
dieth
.
Grypho
ouercommeeh
Cyricenus
.
The
cruelty
of
Griphin
towards
her
sister
Cleopatra
the
wife
of
Cyricenus
.
Cyricenus
vanquisheth
Gripho
,
and
reuengeth
his
wifes
death
vpon
her
sister
.
Cleopatra
Queene
of
Egypt
,
setteth
vp
and
pulleth
downe
her
sonnes
at
her
pleasure
,
and
at
length
is
slaine
by
Alexander
the
yonger
,
who
for
his
labour
is
vanquished
the
Realme
,
and
his
brother
Ptolomy
made
king
in
his
sted
.
The
king
of
Cyrene
bequeatheth
his
kingdom
to
the
Romaynes
.
Herotimus
king
of
Arabia
infesteth
Egypt
and
Syria
.
AFter
that
Aotiochus
with
all
his
army
was
thus
destroyed
in
Parthia
,
his
brother
Demetrius
being
deliuered
from
captiuety
of
the
Parthyans
,
(
when
as
al
Siria
as
yet
mourned
for
the
losse
of
the
army
,
as
though
the
warres
,
that
he
and
his
brother
had
made
in
Parthia
,
in
the
which
the
one
was
taken
prisoner
,
the
other
slaine
,
had
concluded
with
prosperous
seccesse
)
he
purposed
to
make
warre
in
Egypt
,
at
the
request
of
Cleopatra
his
wiues
mother
,
who
promised
to
giue
him
the
kingdome
of
Egypt
in
recompence
,
if
he
would
support
her
against
her
brother
.
But
whilest
he
went
about
to
gaine
that
which
was
anothers
right
he
lost
his
owne
,
by
meanes
of
a
sodaine
insurrection
in
Syria
.
First
the
Cittizens
of
Antioch
,
through
the
instigation
of
their
Captaine
Trifo
,
detesting
●he
kings
pride
,
(
which
by
his
conuersation
,
among
the
cruell
Parthians
was
become
insufferable
)
and
shortly
after
the
Apemenians
with
all
the
rest
of
the
Ctties
following
their
exsample
,
tooke
occasion
vpon
their
kings
absence
and
rebelled
against
him
.
Ptolomy
also
king
of
Egypt
,
against
whom
the
said
Demetrius
made
Warre
,
when
he
vnderstood
,
that
his
sister
Cleopatra
had
shipped
all
her
goods
,
and
treasure
,
and
was
fled
into
Syria
to
her
Daughter
and
sonne
Demetrius
,
suborned
a
young
man
of
Egypt
,
the
sonne
of
a
Marchant
called
Protarchus
,
to
challenge
the
kingdome
of
Syria
by
battell
,
forging
a
pedigree
,
as
though
Antiochus
had
adopted
him
into
the
blood
royall
.
And
the
Syrians
carl●sse
who
were
their
king
so
they
might
be
deliuered
from
the
pride
of
Demetryus
,
the
young
man
was
proclaimed
by
the
name
of
Alexander
,
and
great
succors
were
gathered
An
Egyptian
〈◊〉
king
against
Demet●●●●
to
support
him
out
of
Egypt
.
In
the
meane
while
,
the
body
of
Anticchus
slaine
by
the
King
of
Parthia
was
sent
into
Syria
in
a
cossin
of
siluer
to
be
buried
,
which
was
receiued
with
great
solemnity
by
the
citties
,
but
chiefely
by
Alexander
himselfe
,
to
the
entent
to
make
men
credit
the
tale
,
and
the
better
to
co●firme
in
them
a
beleefe
that
Antiochus
had
adopted
him
his
heyre
.
And
at
his
funerall
he
in
such
sorrowful
habit
behaued
and
fashoned
himselfe
,
that
he
wan
much
fauour
of
the
commons
,
and
euery
man
endeuored
his
thoughts
how
to
make
his
duty
,
loue
,
obedience
&
alleagiance
encrese
to
him
,
accounting
that
his
outward
sorowfull
mourning
to
be
sincerity
,
which
indeed
was
no
other
but
hipocritical
dissimulation
.
Demetrius
b●ing
vanquished
in
battell
,
by
this
vpstart
Alexander
,
and
enuironed
on
all
sides
with
vnauoidable
dangers
,
was
at
the
last
sorsaken
of
his
own
wife
and
children
.
Being
then
le●t
desola●e
sauing
a
few
seruants
,
as
he
was
purposed
to
haue
fled
to
to
the
Temple
o●
Tyrus
,
there
to
regester
himselfe
a
sanctuary
man
,
hoping
the
reuerence
of
the
place
though
not
reguard
of
him
,
●●ight
preserue
his
life
,
when
hee
went
out
to
land
,
he
was
slaine
by
the
comma●ndement
of
the
maister
of
the
ship
.
The
one
of
his
sonnes
whose
name
was
Seleucus
,
because
he
crowned
himselfe
King
without
his
mothers
consent
,
was
by
her
slaine
;
the
other
of
his
The
〈◊〉
of
〈◊〉
.
sonnes
,
who
for
greatnesse
of
his
nose
was
sur-named
Grypho
,
was
created
king
by
his
mother
,
but
vpon
this
condition
,
that
he
should
bear
the
name
,
and
she
all
the
authority
.
But
Alexander
the
vs●rper
of
the
kingdome
of
Syria
,
being
puffed
vp
with
continuall
successe
in
his
affaires
,
began
by
the
norishment
of
his
pride
to
despite
Ptolomy
himselfe
,
by
whom
hee
was
muested
in
that
kingdome
.
Ptolomy
hereupon
,
reconciling
himselfe
to
his
sister
,
endeuored
by
all
meanes
he
could
deuise
or
be
instructed
in
,
to
depose
Alexander
from
his
royalty
,
the
which
hee
had
obtained
by
his
helpe
,
for
the
haued
he
in
his
life
bare
towards
Demetryus
.
Whereupon
he
sent
aide
to
Gripho
into
Gre●ce
,
and
his
daughter
Gryphin
also
to
be
his
wife
,
to
the
ent●nt
he
might
allure
the
people
to
help
his
Nephew
,
not
onely
by
confederacy
,
but
also
by
allyance
of
affinnity
,
which
as
he
entended
came
to
passe
:
for
after
the
time
they
perceiued
,
that
The
Egypti
〈◊〉
●●●●ng
put
〈◊〉
.
Gripho
was
supported
with
the
power
o●
Egypt
,
they
began
by
troopes
to
reuolt
from
Alexander
.
After
there
was
a
battell
fought
betweene
them
,
in
which
Alexander
being
put
to
the
worse
,
●led
into
Antioch
,
where
for
want
of
mony
wherwith
to
pay
his
souldiers
their
wages
,
he
commaunded
an
Image
of
victory
,
of
Massie
gold
to
be
taken
out
of
the
Temple
of
Iupiter
,
couloring
his
Sacriledge
with
a
pleasant
scoffe
,
saying
that
Iupiter
had
lent
him
victory
;
so
escaping
for
this
wickednesse
vnpunished
,
he
thought
it
rather
benefit
for
him
,
to
go
forward
in
that
practise
he
had
begun
,
then
to
be
sorry
for
what
was
past
:
so
hauing
giuen
commaundement
to
haue
the
Image
of
Iupiter
rest
out
of
the
Temple
also
,
formed
of
cleane
Gold
and
of
vnknowne
waight
,
and
that
being
withstood
of
the
acte
of
this
euill
,
hee
was
put
to
flight
by
the
multitude
that
came
to
the
rescue
,
and
in
his
hope
to
escape
was
oppressed
by
the
violence
of
a
Tempest
,
forsaken
of
his
followers
,
taken
by
theeues
,
and
spoiled
and
brought
vnto
Grypho
,
and
there
receiued
his
deserued
death
.
Grypho
by
his
fall
,
hauing
fully
recouered
his
fathers
kingdome
,
and
being
deliuered
from
outward
dangers
,
was
assaulted
,
by
the
treason
of
his
owne
Mother
,
who
being
inflamed
with
the
desire
of
Soucraignety
,
after
shee
had
betraied
her
husband
Demetrius
,
and
murthered
her
other
Sonne
,
for
spight
and
malice
,
that
her
former
authoritye
should
bee
diminished
,
by
the
victorye
of
this
her
other
sonne
,
shee
offered
him
a
cuppe
of
poyson
,
Desire
of
so●●●●
.
as
hee
returned
in
Tryumphe
from
his
conquest
.
But
Gripho
hauing
intelligence
of
his
mothers
treason
(
as
though
hee
had
striued
with
her
for
courtesie
)
desi●ed
her
to
drinke
to
him
,
which
vpon
her
refusall
he
requested
more
earnestly
;
and
at
length
calling
before
her
,
the
author
of
the
report
to
him
,
he
laid
the
treason
to
her
charge
,
affirming
he
would
admit
no
other
excuse
of
her
offence
,
but
if
she
would
drinke
the
same
her selfe
she
had
proffered
to
him
.
The
Queene
being
by
this
meanes
,
conuicted
of
her
mischieuous
cntent
by
receiuing
inwardly
the
poyson
,
she
had
prepared
for
her
Sonne
,
was
depriued
of
her
life
.
Grypho
hauing
thus
brought
his
Realme
in
quietnesse
,
The
death
of
the
Queene
.
not
onely
liued
himselfe
at
harts
ease
,
without
either
disturbed
with
forraigne
inuasion
,
domesticke
insurrection
,
or
priuat
treason
,
but
also
gouerned
his
kingdome
in
happy
peace
for
the
space
of
eight
yeares
after
.
The
which
tearme
expired
,
there
arose
an
enemy
to
his
kingdome
,
namely
his
owne
brother
Cyricenus
,
borne
by
his
owne
mother
,
but
begot
on
her
by
his
vncle
Antiochus
.
Whom
whilest
he
went
about
to
bring
to
destruction
,
&
rid
out
of
the
way
by
poyson
,
he
stirred
him
the
sooner
to
contend
with
him
for
the
kingdome
.
Among
these
inorderly
discords
of
the
Realme
of
Syria
,
dyed
Ptolomy
King
of
Egypt
,
leauing
the
Gouernment
of
the
kingdome
to
his
wife
,
and
The
death
of
Ptolomy
.
one
of
his
Sonnes
,
which
soeuer
shee
should
choose
and
account
most
fit
off
,
as
though
the
state
of
Egypt
should
bee
in
better
quiet
,
then
the
Realme
of
Syria
,
when
the
Mother
by
giuing
the
kingdome
to
one
of
her
Sonnes
should
make
the
other
her
enemy
.
Therefore
whereas
she
was
of
her selfe
most
enclined
to
the
younger
sonne
,
the
people
compelled
her
to
make
choise
of
the
elder
.
From
whom
(
before
shee
gaue
him
the
kingdome
)
she
tooke
away
his
wife
,
and
hauing
enioyned
him
to
forgoe
his
most
dearely
beloued
sister
Cleopatra
,
she
constrained
him
to
take
in
marryage
his
younger
sister
Seluce
,
wherein
she
dealt
not
like
a
mother
betwixt
her
daughters
,
considering
she
tooke
her
husband
from
one
,
and
gaue
him
to
the
other
.
Cleopatra
thus
being
not
so
much
put
away
by
her
husband
,
as
by
a
violent
deuorce
separated
from
him
by
her
mothers
meanes
,
was
married
to
Cyricenus
in
Syria
.
And
to
the
entent
she
would
not
seeme
to
haue
brought
nothing
else
vnto
him
,
then
the
bare
name
and
title
of
a
wife
,
she
raised
an
host
of
men
in
Cyprus
,
and
brought
it
to
her
husband
for
a
doury
.
Cyricenus
being
now
made
as
strong
as
his
brother
,
encountered
with
him
in
open
si●lde
,
where
being
vanquished
and
put
to
flight
,
he
came
vnto
Antioch
,
whether
Gripho
pursued
and
b●siedged
him
in
the
Citty
.
At
the
taking
War
betwixt
G●iphus
and
hic
brother
Cyrecenus
.
thereof
,
Gryphin
the
wife
of
Grypho
,
l●b●red
by
all
meanes
to
enquire
and
find
out
her
sister
cleopatra
,
not
by
manifesting
a
sisterly
loue
to
p●eserue
her
out
of
captiuity
,
but
by
expressing
her
vnnaturall
hate
,
desired
her
,
to
the
entent
she
should
not
escape
the
miseries
thereof
.
Because
as
she
thought
in
disdaine
of
her
estate
,
she
had
entred
forceably
into
that
kingdome
,
and
by
marrying
her selfe
to
her
sistres
husbands
enemy
,
had
made
her selfe
an
enemy
to
her
;
alledging
against
her
moreouer
,
that
she
had
raised
forraigne
powers
against
her
brother
;
and
married
her selfe
out
of
Egypt
against
her
mothers
wil.
On
the
contrary
part
Grypho
besought
and
perswaded
her
,
that
she
would
not
constraine
him
to
commit
so
shamefull
an
act
,
which
she
continually
importuned
him
vnto
;
namely
,
to
imp●●sonment
,
and
if
he
pleased
to
death
.
For
it
was
neuer
A
disswasion
o●
Gryp●us
from
cruelty
.
heard
that
any
of
his
ancestots
,
amongst
so
many
ciuill
,
and
so
many
outward
Warres
,
did
after
the
victory
obtained
,
extend
cruelty
against
women
,
which
for
weakenesse
of
their
nature
,
had
euer
bin
exempted
both
from
danger
of
Warres
,
and
also
from
the
cruelty
of
the
conquerors
.
And
now
in
this
case
besides
the
lawes
of
armes
,
there
was
also
the
bonde
of
aliance
to
withhold
him
from
doing
such
a
wickednesse
.
For
on
the
one
side
she
was
her
own
sister
,
and
on
the
other
side
she
was
his
Cosen
German
,
whose
blood
she
sought
so
cruelly
to
haue
him
shed
:
yea
and
moreouer
,
she
was
Aunte
to
the
children
of
them
both
.
Besides
all
those
bondes
of
kindred
and
aliance
,
he
super●●●●ously
aledged
that
it
was
not
lawful
to
violat
the
Temple
,
in
which
she
had
hid
her selfe
,
and
which
she
had
taken
for
safeguard
of
her
life
.
But
that
the
Goddes
with
so
much
the
more
humility
and
deuotion
ought
to
be
reuerenced
on
his
pa●te
,
as
by
their
great
mercy
and
fauour
,
he
had
gotten
the
victory
in
that
battell
ouer
his
enemies
.
For
neither
by
the
killing
her
,
could
he
any
thing
abate
the
strength
of
Cyricenus
,
neither
by
preseruing
her
life
encrease
his
power
.
But
the
more
vnwilling
that
Grypho
was
to
offer
her
offence
,
the
more
she
of
her
womanly
malice
incensed
him
against
her
sister
,
supposing
him
to
speake
so
much
in
her
behalfe
not
of
compassion
,
but
of
loue
.
Whereupon
what
more
incensed
with
her
Iclousie
,
and
what
prouoked
with
her
hatred
,
she
commaunded
certaine
of
the
Souldiers
,
to
presse
into
the
Temple
and
murther
her
:
who
at
their
entrance
,
●hen
they
could
not
neither
by
faire
meanes
,
nor
force
get
her
Gryphin
sendeth
to
will
her
sister
Cleopatra
.
out
,
they
cut
off
her
hands
,
as
she
had
clasped
them
about
the
Images
of
the
Goddesse
.
When
Cleopatra
cursing
those
wicked
murthere●s
,
and
beseeching
the
a
prince
of
excellent
prowesse
and
actiuity
.
This
Pharnax
,
thus
disposing
his
Dominion
from
his
children
,
was
of
opinion
,
that
the
kingdome
and
safetie
thereof
,
ought
more
by
him
to
be
regarded
,
then
the
name
of
a
Father
,
and
it
behooued
him
rather
to
prouide
for
his
natiue
country
,
then
for
his
children
,
which
he
supposed
he
carefully
did
,
in
thus
distributing
his
kingdome
.
Thus
then
at
one
time
Mithridates
in
Parthia
,
and
Eucratides
in
Bactria
,
both
notable
and
worthy
princes
,
began
their
raignes
.
But
the
Parthians
had
the
happier
fortune
.
For
through
the
politicke
gouernance
of
their
king
,
they
aspired
to
the
soueraigne
preheminence
of
the
Empire
.
Whereas
the
Bactrians
being
tossed
too
and
fro
with
the
vncertaine
fortune
of
the
warres
,
lost
not
onely
their
kingdome
,
but
also
their
liberty
.
For
after
they
had
wearied
themselues
,
with
the
long
continuall
warres
of
the
Sogdians
,
Drangamtans
,
and
Indians
,
last
of
all
as
men
,
halfe
dead
and
out
of
hart
,
ere
they
were
encountered
,
they
were
subdued
by
the
Parthians
,
which
were
reputed
weaker
then
themselues
.
Yet
notwithstanding
Eucratides
,
atchiued
many
battels
by
his
prowesse
The
〈◊〉
prow●●●●
o●
Eucratides
.
and
Noblenesse
of
courage
,
yet
at
the
last
being
brought
to
lowe
estate
,
and
that
Demetrius
king
of
India
had
besiedged
him
,
hee
hauing
no
more
but
3-hundred
souldiors
about
him
,
by
his
often
issuing
out
priuily
vpon
aduantages
,
vanquished
threescore
thousand
of
his
enemies
.
Whereupon
,
being
after
fiue
months
siedge
enlarged
againe
,
he
brought
India
vnder
his
subiection
;
from
whence
as
he
was
returning
homeward
,
he
was
slaine
in
his
iourney
by
his
own
son
,
whom
he
had
made
fellow
with
him
in
the
Empire
:
who
nothing
dissembling
the
vnnatural
murther
,
but
rather
reioycing
,
as
th●gh
An
inhumain
murther
he
had
killed
some
forrain
enimy
and
not
a
father
,
draue
his
chariot
throgh
his
blood
,
and
commanded
his
body
to
be
throwne
away
vnburied
.
In
the
mean
space
,
while
this
cruel
change
hapned
among
the
Bactrians
,
there
arose
war
between
the
Parthians
and
the
Meades
,
in
which
after
the
diuers
The
conquests
of
Muhridates
the
4.
king
of
Parthia
.
aduentures
of
both
Nations
,
at
length
the
victory
was
yeelded
to
the
Parthians
.
Mythridates
being
encreased
in
strength
by
their
power
,
made
one
Bachasus
regent
of
Media
,
and
himselfe
went
into
Hircania
:
at
his
returne
from
whence
,
he
made
warre
vpon
the
king
of
the
Elymeans
,
whom
he
ouercame
and
annexed
that
realme
also
to
his
kingdome
.
And
thereupon
receiuing
many
countries
by
composition
,
hee
enlarged
the
Empire
,
from
the
mountain
Cancasus
,
euen
vnto
the
riuer
of
Euphrates
.
Finally
being
taken
with
sickenesse
,
he
dyed
honourably
in
his
old
age
,
of
no
lesse
fame
and
renown
then
his
grandfather
Arsaces
.
The
end
of
the
xli
.
booke
.
THE
XLII
.
BOOKE
OF
Iustine
.
THE
ARGVMENT
.
THe
Scithians
make
warre
vppon
the
Parthians
.
Phrahartes
King
of
Parthia
for
his
crueltie
is
betraid
and
slaine
.
Artabanus
succeedeth
,
after
whose
death
reigneth
Mithridates
,
sur-named
the
great
,
who
greatly
enlarged
the
Parthian
Empire
.
The
originall
and
description
of
Armenia
.
The
History
of
Iason
and
Medea
,
and
of
the
Argonantes
.
The
Origniall
of
the
Albanes
in
the
East
.
The
description
of
the
riuer
Tigris
.
Mithridates
is
deposed
and
slaine
by
his
brother
Horodes
.
The
battels
of
the
Parthians
against
the
Romaines
.
The
fruit
and
madnesse
of
Horodes
,
for
the
death
of
his
sonne
Pacorus
.
The
great
wickednesse
of
Pphrahartes
,
who
ouercommeth
the
Emperour
Anthony
.
He
is
deposed
and
set
vp
againe
by
the
Scithians
.
Tyridates
who
during
his
absence
was
created
king
,
hearing
of
his
returne
,
slyeth
to
Augustus
the
Emperour
.
Phrahartes
sent
Ambassadours
for
him
.
Augustus
subdued
the
Parthians
with
the
Maiesty
of
his
Name
.
AFter
the
decease
of
Mithridates
king
of
the
Parthians
,
his
sonne
Phrahartes
was
crowned
king
,
who
being
fullye
purposed
to
Warre
vppon
Syria
,
and
thereby
to
be
reuenged
of
Antiochus
;
for
attempting
the
soueraignty
,
of
the
kingdome
of
Parthia
,
was
by
an
insurrection
of
the
Scithians
,
reuoked
to
the
defence
of
his
owne
.
For
the
Scithians
being
sollicitted
to
the
aide
of
the
Parthians
The
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
of
P●●th●●
.
against
Antiochus
king
of
Siria
,
vppon
promise
of
Wages
which
shoulde
be
giuen
to
them
,
consented
to
come
to
them
,
but
yet
the
Wa●re
being
finished
ere
their
arriuall
to
stand
him
in
sted
,
they
in
reproose
of
their
late
comming
,
were
deteined
of
their
hire
;
where
with
being
grieued
,
to
haue
tranciled
so
farre
,
to
so
little
purpose
,
and
that
they
demannded
,
either
their
Wages
for
their
paines
,
according
to
couenant
,
or
an
enemy
to
fight
withall
,
for
which
they
came
,
receiuing
nothinge
but
a
〈◊〉
answere
,
and
being
offended
there
with
,
began
to
wast
the
borders
of
P●thia
.
〈◊〉
therefore
in
readinesse
to
take
his
iourney
against
these
Scithians
,
left
to
gouernehis
realme
in
his
absence
,
one
Himerus
highly
in
fauour
,
for
suffering
him
to
haue
the
abuse
of
him
in
the
florishing
prime
of
his
childhood
.
Who
forgetting
his
owne
former
life
,
and
the
person
he
presented
,
through
his
tyranous
cruelty
vexed
importunately
both
Bahylon
and
many
other
citties
.
Phrahartes
himselfe
,
led
to
the
Warres
with
him
the
Greekish
host
which
he
had
taken
in
the
Warres
of
Antiochus
,
and
those
whom
in
their
captiuity
he
had
entreated
cruelly
and
proudely
,
quite
forgetting
that
his
Tyrany
toward
them
in
their
bondage
,
had
not
mitigated
their
enemies
minds
so
much
,
but
that
the
remembrance
therof
,
had
more
inflamed
them
to
inordinary
displeasure
against
him
,
as
after
they
approued
:
for
when
they
perceiued
,
the
Parthian
battell
began
to
haue
the
worse
,
they
turned
themselues
and
tocke
part
with
the
enemy
,
in
that
battell
taking
reuenge
vpon
them
had
beene
oppresfull
to
their
misery
,
and
who
lead
them
to
be
defenders
and
partakers
of
their
quarrell
,
so
with
the
bloody
slaughter
of
the
Parthian
hoste
,
and
the
death
of
King
Phrahartes
himselfe
,
they
executed
their
will
for
their
wrongfull
Captiuitye
,
and
purchased
the
libertye
which
they
had
so
long
desired
.
In
stead
of
him
,
his
vncle
Artabanus
was
created
King.
And
the
Scithians
being
contented
with
the
victory
,
after
they
had
wasted
Parthia
,
returned
into
The
6.
Emp.
their
owne
countrey
.
But
Artabanus
died
immediately
of
a
wound
in
his
arme
,
that
he
receiued
against
the
Colchatrians
.
After
him
succeeded
his
sonne
Mythridates
,
who
for
his
Noble
acts
was
sur-named
the
great
.
For
being
enflamed
The
7.
Emp.
with
an
ardent
desire
to
excell
in
prowesse
,
and
to
haue
his
name
worthy
to
be
registred
with
the
Noblest
,
he
behaued
him
so
worthily
in
war●e
,
and
so
vprightly
in
peace
,
that
in
princelines
he
surmounted
all
his
progenitors
.
Whereby
he
accomplished
many
warres
against
his
neighbors
,
with
great
dexterity
,
and
subdued
many
Nations
vnder
the
dominion
of
Parthia
.
Hee
fought
diuerse
times
to
his
aduantage
against
the
Scithians
,
and
reuenged
the
displeasure
done
to
his
predecessors
,
and
at
the
last
he
enterprized
war
against
The
Originall
of
the
Armenians
.
Artoadistes
King
of
the
Armenians
.
But
forasmuch
as
by
lawfull
truth
of
this
history
,
we
are
passing
into
Armenia
,
I
thinke
it
necessary
as
of
other
kingdomes
to
repeate
the
originall
,
thereof
and
not
with
silence
to
passe
ouer
so
great
an
Empyre
,
considering
that
next
vnto
Parthia
,
it
surmounteth
all
other
Kingdomes
,
in
ground
and
people
.
For
Armenia
is
in
length
from
Cappadocia
The
s●●tuation
of
Armenia
.
vnto
the
Caspian
Sea
,
eleauen
hundred
Miles
,
and
in
breadth
seuen
hundred
Miles
.
It
was
founded
by
Armenius
,
one
of
the
companions
of
Iason
the
Thessalian
,
whom
King
Pelias
coueting
to
destroy
for
his
notable
ment
,
and
whereby
he
seemed
dangerous
to
his
kingdome
,
for
feare
least
he
should
depose
him
,
told
him
what
a
Noble
voyage
there
was
for
him
into
Colchos
,
perswading
him
to
take
the
enterprize
vpon
him
,
and
to
fetch
the
Golden
fleece
,
that
was
so
famous
and
notably
talked
of
in
all
the
world
,
hoping
that
either
through
so
long
The
voyage
for
the
gold●
Fleece
.
and
perillous
sayling
,
or
else
by
fighting
against
so
barbarous
a
people
,
hee
might
bring
the
aduenturous
knight
to
confusion
.
Iason
consenting
thereunto
made
proclamation
of
this
his
entended
voyage
,
to
whom
the
Noble
youngmen
,
almost
of
all
the
whole
world
,
resorted
in
great
number
vnto
him
,
of
whome
he
assembled
an
Army
of
the
most
valiant
knights
,
which
he
called
by
the
name
of
Arganants
.
But
when
Iason
after
the
accomplishment
of
his
aduenterous
enterprizes
,
had
brought
home
againe
in
safety
,
that
his
selected
Army
,
he
was
expalsed
againe
out
of
Thessaly
by
the
sonnes
of
Pelias
.
Whereuppon
with
a
great
multitude
(
which
for
the
renowne
of
his
acts
resorted
to
him
out
of
al
Nations
)
hauing
in
his
company
his
wife
Medea
,
whome
after
his
late
deuorcement
for
pitty
o●
her
exilement
,
he
had
receiued
again
with
hir
sonne
Me●eus
begotten
by
Egeus
king
of
the
Athenians
,
he
went
againe
to
Colchos
,
The
act●s
of
Iason
.
and
restored
his
father
in
law
to
his
kingdome
,
from
whence
he
was
deposed
.
After
which
,
he
fought
many
battels
with
his
Neighbors
,
and
their
citties
which
he
subdued
:
he
partly
annexed
to
the
kingdome
of
his
father
in
law
,
(
to
the
intent
to
abolish
the
reproach
he
had
drawne
vpon
himself
,
by
his
former
Warre
,
wherein
he
had
both
led
away
his
daughter
Medea
,
and
also
slaine
his
sonne
Aegialus
)
and
partly
gaue
them
to
the
people
,
that
he
brought
with
him
to
inhabit
.
By
report
hee
was
the
first
of
all
men
next
after
Hercules
and
Liber
,
which
as
the
fame
goeth
were
kings
of
the
East
,
that
conquered
that
climat
of
the
world
.
Ouer
some
Nations
he
assigned
captaines
,
Phrigius
and
Ansistratus
,
The
estimation
o●
Iason
.
the
waggoners
of
Castor
and
Polux
,
he
made
a
league
with
the
Albanes
,
who
as
it
is
reported
,
followed
Hercules
out
of
Italy
,
from
the
Mountain
Albanus
,
when
after
the
slaying
of
Gerion
,
he
draue
his
cattell
thorough
Italy
,
who
also
bearing
in
mind
that
they
came
from
Italy
,
saluted
the
Army
of
Pompeius
by
the
name
of
Brothers
,
when
he
warred
with
Mithridates
.
By
means
wherof
,
all
the
whole
East
almost
,
builded
Temples
,
and
diuine
honors
to
Iason
,
as
to
their
firste
founders
.
The
which
,
Parmenion
one
of
the
Captaines
of
great
Alexander
,
many
yeares
after
,
commanded
to
be
beaten
down
,
to
the
intent
that
no
mans
name
should
be
had
in
more
honor
in
the
East
,
then
the
name
of
Alexander
.
The
original
〈◊〉
the
Medus
.
After
the
death
of
Iason
,
Medus
being
an
earnest
follower
of
his
Fathers
ver●res
,
in
honour
of
his
Mother
Medea
,
hee
builded
the
Cittie
Medea
,
and
established
the
kingdome
of
the
Meades
,
calling
it
after
his
own
name
,
which
in
continuance
of
time
,
grew
to
that
estate
,
that
all
the
East
was
in
subiection
,
to
the
Empire
thereof
.
The
〈◊〉
are
next
neighbors
to
the
Amazones
,
whose
Queen
Thalestris
many
authors
haue
reported
,
to
haue
desired
the
carnall
company
of
great
〈◊〉
.
Armenius
being
also
a
Thessalian
,
and
one
of
the
number
of
Iasons
Captaine
,
hauing
gathered
togither
the
multitude
,
which
after
the
death
of
Iason
their
King
,
wandered
vp
and
downe
,
scatterred
as
people
without
a
guide
,
and
founded
the
towne
of
Armenia
,
in
the
Mountaines
out
of
which
The
original
of
the
〈◊〉
.
springeth
the
riuer
Tigris
,
which
at
the
first
is
a
very
small
stream
,
&
a
good
way
remo●e
from
the
head
,
it
sinketh
into
the
ground
,
and
fiue
and
twenty
mile
beyond
,
it
riseth
vp
again
a
great
stood
,
in
the
country
Sophone
,
and
so
is
receiued
into
the
lakes
of
Euphrates
.
Mythridates
King
of
the
Parthians
,
after
his
warre
in
Armenia
was
for
his
cruelty
deposed
from
the
kingdome
,
by
the
counsell
of
the
realme
.
His
brother
Horodes
taking
to
him
the
power
,
(
the
royal
seate
being
vacant
)
besiedged
Babilon
because
his
brother
Mythridates
was
fled
thither
,
so
long
vntill
he
constrained
them
for
famine
to
yeld
vp
the
town
.
Mythridates
vpon
confidence
,
that
The
S.
king
of
Parthia
.
he
was
so
neere
of
his
kin
,
willingly
submitted
himselfe
to
his
brother
Horodes
.
But
Horodes
taking
him
rather
for
his
enemy
then
a
brother
,
commaunded
him
to
be
cruelly
slaine
before
his
face
.
After
this
he
made
Warre
with
the
Romans
,
and
destroyed
their
Graund-captaine
Crassus
,
with
his
sonne
,
and
al
his
Romaine
host
:
his
sonne
Pacorus
being
sent
to
pursue
the
remnant
of
the
Romaine
battell
,
after
that
he
had
atcheiued
many
enterprizes
in
Syria
,
he
Horodes
cruelty
towards
his
brother
.
was
called
home
againe
as
mistrusted
of
his
father
.
During
whose
absence
,
the
host
of
the
Parthians
that
hee
left
behinde
him
in
Syria
,
was
withall
the
Captaines
thereof
slaine
by
Cassius
Lieuctenant
to
Crassus
.
These
affaires
thus
ended
,
there
arose
the
eiuill
Warres
betweene
Cesar
and
Pompey
,
in
which
the
Parthians
tooke
part
with
Pompey
,
both
for
the
Warres
betweene
Cesar
&
Pompey
.
friendship
that
was
between
them
and
Pompey
in
his
Warres
against
Mythridates
,
and
also
for
the
death
of
Crassus
,
whose
sonne
they
heard
say
tooke
part
with
Cesar
,
whom
they
suspected
had
falne
to
him
,
in
hope
to
reuenge
his
fathers
death
,
if
Cesar
should
chance
in
this
Warre
to
haue
the
vpper
hand
.
Therefore
after
that
Pompey
,
and
his
adherents
had
bin
giuen
the
ouerthrow
,
they
both
ministred
aide
to
cassius
and
Brutus
,
against
Augustus
and
Anthony
,
and
also
after
the
end
of
the
Warre
,
entring
into
league
with
Labienus
,
vnder
the
conduct
of
Pacorus
they
wasted
Syria
and
Asia
,
and
gauca
proud
assault
vpon
the
camp
of
Ventidius
,
who
after
cassius
in
the
absence
of
Pacorus
had
giuen
the
Parthian
army
an
ouerthrow
.
But
Ventidius
pretending
a
counterfet
feare
,
for
all
their
allarme
offered
him
,
kept
himselfe
in
,
and
suffered
the
Parthians
a
while
to
vaunt
of
their
prosperity
,
The
pollicy
of
Ventidius
.
and
the
cowardise
of
their
enemies
,
at
length
when
he
thought
them
most
merry
and
carelesse
,
he
sent
out
part
of
his
host
vpon
them
,
with
whose
suddaine
,
and
vnexpected
assault
,
the
Parthians
being
dismaide
fled
scattering
to
saue
themselues
.
While
Pacorus
supposing
that
his
men
which
were
fled
,
had
withdrawne
the
Romaine
Legions
after
them
,
assailed
in
hast
the
camp
of
Ventidius
,
in
hope
that
he
should
haue
found
it
without
defendants
.
But
Ventidius
being
prepared
for
such
a
skirmish
,
lead
out
the
residue
of
the
Legions
which
he
had
reserued
:
and
in
the
conflict
slew
the
whole
band
of
the
Parthians
with
their
king
Pacorus
himselfe
.
Neither
did
the
Parthians
at
any
time
receiue
a
greater
losse
.
When
tidings
heerof
was
brought
into
Parthia
,
Horodes
the
father
of
Pacorus
,
who
lately
before
(
hearing
the
Parthians
had
wasted
Syria
and
inuaded
Asia
)
had
boasted
(
that
his
sonne
Pacorus
was
a
conqueror
of
the
Romaines
)
when
he
now
heard
of
his
death
,
and
of
the
slaughter
of
his
Armye
,
soddainely
for
sorrow
fell
mad
.
Many
daies
after
,
he
would
not
conuerse
with
any
man
,
he
would
not
take
any
sustinance
,
nor
speake
one
word
,
whereby
a
man
might
suppose
,
hee
had
bin
as
well
taken
dumbe
,
as
frantick
.
After
many
daies
expired
,
when
sorrowe
had
losened
his
tongue
,
he
spake
of
nothing
but
of
Pacorus
,
he
thought
hee
saw
Pacorus
,
he
thought
he
heard
Pacorus
,
and
to
his
imagination
would
make
answers
,
and
talke
,
as
though
he
had
beene
in
familiar
communication
with
Horodes
salleth
mad
.
him
;
he
would
stand
still
as
though
he
had
stood
with
him
,
and
by
and
by
lamentably
bewaile
the
losse
of
him
.
When
long
together
he
had
thus
mourned
,
another
heauines
redoubled
griefe
vpon
this
miserable
old
man
,
namely
which
of
his
thirty
sonnes
he
should
ordaine
king
in
Pacorus
stead
.
He
had
many
concubins
,
of
whom
he
begat
all
that
youth
,
of
which
euery
one
making
sute
for
her
owne
child
,
did
as
it
were
besiege
the
old
mans
mind
,
being
at
commotion
within
it selfe
.
But
it
was
the
destiny
of
the
Parthians
(
in
the
which
it
is
an
ordynary
custome
,
to
haue
vnnaturall
murtherers
to
their
king
)
that
the
wickedest
&
vnhopefulest
of
them
al
,
whose
name
was
Phrahartes
was
substituted
soueraigne
;
who
no
sooner
in
the
regal
seate
,
but
as
though
,
The
●
.
●●mp
.
he
thought
it
to
much
happynesse
for
his
father
,
to
die
his
natural
death
,
who
already
had
his
foot
at
the
brinke
of
the
giaue
,
forthwith
killed
him
,
and
then
Eorodes
put
to
death
by
his
own
lon
.
put
his
thirty
brothers
to
death
.
Neither
ceased
he
his
slaughter
in
the
children
.
For
when
he
perceiued
the
Noble
men
hated
him
for
his
outragious
cruelty
,
continually
practising
against
him
,
that
there
might
be
no
man
left
to
be
nominated
king
,
hee
commaunded
his
own
Son
who
had
attained
to
mans
estate
,
to
be
put
to
death
.
Against
this
man
,
Anthony
with
sixteene
of
his
strongest
Legyon
;
made
Warre
,
for
ministring
ayd
against
himselfe
,
and
Cesar
.
But
he
was
so
contrariously
afflicted
in
many
battels
,
that
he
was
enforced
to
make
his
retreate
out
of
Parthia
.
Thorough
which
victory
Phrahartes
being
made
more
proude
,
and
that
he
persisted
to
dealemore
cruelly
then
before
,
he
was
driuen
into
exile
by
his
own
subiects
.
Phrahar●es
is
deposed
,
and
restored
again
by
the
Scyt●●●ns
.
Whereupon
after
long
and
earnest
sute
made
by
him
vnto
the
countries
bordering
vpon
Parthia
,
at
the
length
he
so
perswaded
the
Scithians
that
thorough
their
ayd
he
was
restored
vnto
his
kingdome
againe
.
In
the
time
of
his
absence
,
the
Parthyans
had
constituted
one
Tyridates
King
,
who
hearing
of
the
Seithians
comming
,
fled
with
a
great
power
of
his
friends
to
Cesar
Augustus
,
who
was
making
Warre
at
that
time
in
Spaine
,
and
brought
with
him
to
The
x.
Emp.
the
Emperor
,
the
youngest
sonne
of
Phrahartes
for
a
pledge
,
whom
thorough
the
negligence
of
such
as
were
put
in
trust
with
him
,
he
had
stolne
away
.
Vpon
knowledge
whereof
,
Phrahartes
forthwith
sent
his
Ambassadors
to
Cesar
,
requiring
of
him
to
send
him
home
his
servant
Tyridates
,
and
his
sonne
with
him
.
The
Emperor
when
he
heard
the
Ambassadors
of
Phrahartes
,
and
vnderstood
the
requests
of
Tyridates
(
who
also
desired
to
haue
aide
of
him
to
reseate
him
in
the
possession
of
the
kingdome
againe
,
assuring
that
Parthia
for
such
grace
should
euer
after
be
at
the
commaundement
of
the
Romaines
)
answered
,
how
he
would
neither
deliuer
Tyridates
into
the
hands
of
the
Parthyans
,
nor
yet
minister
aide
to
Tyridates
against
them
.
Neuerthelesse
,
because
it
should
not
seeme
to
both
,
neither
had
obtained
a
part
of
their
demaund
,
he
sent
Phrahartes
his
sonne
without
ransome
,
and
allowed
Tyridates
honorable
entertainement
for
him
and
his
,
so
long
as
hee
should
thinke
fit
to
bide
with
the
Romaines
.
After
this
hauing
finished
his
wars
in
Spaine
,
when
he
came
into
Syria
to
set
a
stay
in
the
affaires
of
the
East
,
he
put
Phrahartes
in
such
amazement
,
that
to
the
entent
he
should
not
make
Warre
vpon
Parthia
,
all
the
prisoners
that
were
in
the
realme
taken
either
of
the
army
of
Crassus
,
or
of
the
army
of
Anthonie
,
were
gathered
together
,
and
with
al
the
banners
and
ensignes
,
that
were
suprized
at
those
times
,
sent
againe
to
Augustus
.
Moreouer
Phrahartes
gaue
to
Augustus
,
his
sonnes
and
Nephewes
in
hostage
:
so
that
Augustus
did
more
with
the
maiesty
of
his
name
,
then
any
other
Emperor
could
haue
compelled
by
force
of
armes
.
The
xliij
.
Booke
of
Iustine
.
THE
ARGVMENT
.
THe
first
inhabiters
of
Italy
.
The
comming
thither
of
E●ander
and
Eneas
,
and
of
his
warres
there
.
The
building
of
long
Alba
,
with
the
succession
of
the
kings
thereof
.
The
building
of
Rome
by
Remus
and
Romulus
.
The
building
of
Marsieles
in
France
,
with
the
praise
and
commendation
,
and
with
the
warstherof
.
The
stead
fast
faith
of
the
Massilians
toward
the
Romains
.
The
auncestros
of
the
author
of
this
worke
.
COncerning
these
histories
,
Trogus
Pompeyus
,
hauing
finished
in
this
forme
of
discourse
,
the
monumentall
doings
of
the
Parthians
of
the
East
,
and
of
the
greater
part
of
the
whole
world
.
Returneth
as
it
were
after
along
continued
pilgrimage
,
home
to
the
foundation
of
the
Citty
of
Rome
,
accounting
it
the
part
of
an
vnthankfull
citizen
,
to
drawe
a
module
,
or
paint
out
the
actes
of
al
other
Nations
,
and
speake
or
record
nothing
me●o●●ble
of
his
owne
natiue
country
.
To
avoide
which
imputation
,
or
rather
defamation
,
he
heere
toucheth
breefely
(
by
the
way
)
the
beginning
of
the
Romaine
Empire
,
wherein
be
neither
exceedeth
the
bounds
which
he
had
before
propounded
to
himselfe
in
the
course
of
his
worke
,
nor
yet
passeth
ouer
with
silence
the
foundation
of
that
Citty
,
which
without
question
is
the
head
and
chiefe
of
the
whole
world
.
The
first
Inhabiters
of
Italy
,
were
the
A●origines
,
whose
king
Saturne
is
reported
,
to
haue
bin
of
such
Iust●ce
and
vprightnesse
that
during
his
raigne
,
ther
was
not
(
any
though
slaue
or
bondmen
)
nor
any
man
that
had
substance
priuat
to
himselfe
,
but
althings
were
common
and
vndeuided
,
to
all
men
alike
,
as
though
it
had
beene
one
Patrimony
,
and
one
Inheritance
,
equall
to
all
men
.
In
remembrance
of
which
example
,
it
was
enacted
,
that
at
the
feast
of
Saturne
,
no
man
should
be
set
by
or
held
of
estimation
more
then
the
other
,
but
that
the
bondmen
should
seate
themselues
at
their
meate
fellow-like
with
their
Maisters
in
all
places
,
Italy
of
long
also
called
Saturnia
,
and
the
hill
on
which
he
had
his
courtly
residence
was
called
Saturn
,
on
the
which
at
this
day
The
●●●st
of
〈◊〉
.
(
Iupiter
hauing
as
it
were
remoued
Saturne
out
of
his
seate
)
standeth
the
Capitall
.
After
him
in
the
third
place
,
as
is
confirmed
by
report
,
raigned
Faunus
,
The
capitall
.
Th●
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
Italy
.
in
whole
time
Euander
with
a
small
company
of
his
countreymen
came
from
Palantium
,
a
city
of
Arcadye
into
Italy
,
to
whom
Faunus
of
gentlenes
,
assigned
lands
to
inh●bit
and
encrease
vpon
,
and
the
Mountaine
also
which
afterward
he
called
Pal●ntine
.
In
the
foot
of
this
h●l
he
edesied
a
Temple
to
Ly●cus
,
whom
the
Greekes
call
Pan
,
and
the
Romans
Lupercus
.
The
image
of
the
Gods
being
otherwa●es
●aked
,
iscl●d
in
a
gotes
skin
,
in
which
maner
of
attire
,
the
people
of
Rome
are
acustomed
to
run
vp
and
downe
the
streetes
of
Rome
,
in
the
celebration
of
the
feasts
kept
vnto
Pan.
Faunus
had
a
wife
named
Fatua
,
which
being
continually
inflamed
with
a
holy
spirit
,
in
the
fury
thereof
prophecied
of
things
to
come
.
Whereupon
such
as
are
wont
so
to
be
inspired
,
are
said
to
play
Fatua
vnto
this
day
,
of
the
daughter
of
Faunus
and
Hercules
(
who
the
same
time
,
hauing
killed
Gerion
draue
his
cattel
w●ich
he
ha●
gott●n
in
reward
of
his
victorye
through
Italy
)
was
vnlaw●ully
b●gotten
Latinus
.
During
whose
raigne
,
Aeneas
after
that
Troy
was
destroyed
by
the
Greekes
,
came
from
thence
into
Italy
,
where
at
his
first
ar●iuall
The
●óming
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
into
Italy
.
he
was
b●dden
battell
.
But
when
he
had
brought
his
men
in
readinesse
into
the
field
,
before
the
encounter
they
●ell
to
conference
.
In
the
which
he
brought
Latinus
in
such
admiration
of
him
,
and
with
his
pers●asiue
oratory
so
wrought
with
him
,
that
from
an
enemy
against
whom
he
was
prepared
in
barr●●l
,
he
was
pleased
to
make
him
partner
of
●is
kingdome
,
and
also
m●de
ch●●se
of
him
for
his
sonne
in
law
,
by
giuing
his
daughter
Lau●nia
in
marriage
.
After
this
friendly
coniunction
,
they
made
Warr
ioyntly
against
Turnus
King
of
the
Rutilians
,
who
challenged
them
b●th
for
defrauding
him
of
Lauinia
,
who
by
promise
from
the
father
should
haue
beene
his
wife
and
whom
the
other
had
accepted
contrary
to
the
law
of
friendship
.
In
which
battell
both
Turnus
and
Latinus
were
sl●ine
.
〈◊〉
therefore
obtaining
both
the
Nations
by
the
law
of
Armes
,
founded
a
Citty
and
●alled
it
by
the
name
of
his
wife
.
Afterward
he
made
Warre
against
Mezentius
king
of
the
Hetrusci●ns
,
in
which
hee
himselfe
was
slaine
,
leauing
his
sonne
Ascanius
to
succeede
him
Who
leauing
Lauinium
,
builded
Alba
longa
,
the
which
for
the
space
of
three
hundred
yeeres
togither
was
the
chiefe
and
principall
seat
of
his
kingdome
.
〈…〉
After
many
kings
of
this
citty
at
length
reigned
Numitor
and
Amultus
.
But
Amulius
hauing
wrongfuly
deposed
his
elder
brother
Numitor
,
to
the
intent
no
yssue
male
snoulde
arise
from
the
stocke
of
his
brother
,
to
challenge
the
crowne
,
compeld
his
daughter
Rhea
into
a
Nunry
,
there
to
lead
all
her
life
in
vowed
virginity
,
cloking
his
iniury
with
an
honourable
colour
,
that
men
might
suppose
she
was
not
put
there
as
a
condemned
persoane
,
but
rather
made
chiefe
prioresse
of
the
place
by
election
.
Being
therfore
as
a
recluse
in
〈…〉
the
Grouc
consecrated
to
Mars
,
she
was
deliuered
of
two
sonnes
,
whither
she
conceiued
them
by
adultry
,
or
by
Mars
,
no
man
is
able
to
say
of
a
truth
.
Amulius
vpon
knowledge
hereof
,
being
in
more
fear
then
euer
he
was
,
by
reason
of
the
birth
of
her
two
children
,
commaunded
them
to
be
made
awaye
,
and
laid
their
mother
in
prison
,
in
which
distresse
of
hirs
shee
died
.
But
fortune
prouiding
before
hande
for
the
Originall
of
the
Romaines
;
sente
a
s●ee
Wolfe
to
Nurce
the
children
,
the
which
hauing
lost
her
whelps
,
for
desire
to
haue
her
dugges
drawne
,
that
were
pained
with
too
much
aboundance
of
milk
,
offred
her selfe
to
be
nurce
vnto
those
children
.
As
she
came
and
went
oftentimes
to
the
children
,
like
as
if
it
had
bene
her
whelpes
,
A
shepheard
named
Faustulus
,
perceiued
the
matter
,
and
stealing
them
from
the
Wolfe
,
brought
them
vp
like
shepheards
among
his
Cattell
.
Now
whither
it
were
for
that
they
were
borne
in
the
Groue
of
Mars
,
or
for
that
they
were
nourished
by
a
Wolfe
,
which
is
in
the
iurisdiction
of
Mars
,
it
was
beleeued
for
a
manifest
proofe
,
that
they
were
the
sonnes
of
Mars
.
The
one
of
these
was
named
Remus
,
and
other
Romulus
.
When
they
came
to
mans
estate
,
they
accustomed
to
try
Maistries
daily
one
with
another
,
whereby
they
increased
as
well
in
strength
,
as
in
nimblenesse
and
swiftnesse
.
Wherefore
when
they
had
oftentimes
manfully
and
pollitickly
chased
away
theeues
from
stealing
their
cattell
,
Remus
was
taken
by
the
said
theeues
,
(
and
as
though
he
hadde
bin
the
the
same
himself
,
which
he
had
prohibited
others
to
do
)
was
broght
before
the
king
,
and
there
accused
for
a
stealer
of
Numitors
cattell
.
Whereupon
the
king
deliuered
him
to
Numitor
,
to
punish
him
as
he
thoght
good
.
But
Numitor
hauing
pittye
of
the
youngman
,
had
halfe
a
mistrust
that
hee
shold
be
one
of
his
Nephews
that
were
made
away
,
by
reason
he
resembled
his
daughter
so
much
in
fauor
and
making
,
and
also
by
reason
,
that
the
time
of
her
deliuerance
,
was
agreeable
vnto
his
yeers
.
〈…〉
As
he
was
in
doubtful
perplexity
with
himselfe
,
Faustulus
came
suddenly
in
with
Romulus
,
by
whom
being
further
instructed
of
the
birth
and
bringing
vp
of
the
children
,
the
youngmen
made
a
conspiracy
,
and
tooke
weapon
in
hand
,
to
reuenge
their
Mothers
death
,
and
Numitor
to
recouer
the
kingdome
wrongfully
withheld
from
him
.
Amulius
being
slaine
,
and
Numitor
restored
to
the
crowne
.
Afterward
the
youngmen
builded
the
Cittie
of
Rome
.
Which
being
finished
,
there
was
ordained
a
Senat
of
a
hundred
Elders
,
which
were
called
fathers
of
the
common-weale
.
Then
because
their
Neighbors
disdained
to
marry
their
daughters
to
shepheardes
,
they
rauisned
the
maidens
of
the
Sahines
,
and
hauing
subdued
the
people
that
were
next
about
them
,
first
they
woon
the
Empire
of
〈◊〉
,
and
next
after
that
,
the
Empire
of
the
whole
worlde
.
In
those
dayes
,
the
kinges
had
insteed
of
Diadems
,
Maces
,
(
which
the
Greeks
call
Scepters
.
For
euen
from
the
beginning
,
men
in
olde
time
did
worshippe
Maces
for
Goddes
,
in
remembraunce
of
which
Religion
,
the
ymages
of
the
Goddes
,
are
yet
still
made
with
Maces
in
their
hands
.
In
the
time
of
Tarquine
,
a
company
of
the
Phocenses
comming
out
of
Asia
,
entered
the
mouth
of
Tyber
,
and
ioyned
amity
with
the
Romaines
.
From
thence
they
went
by
Water
to
the
vttermost
coast
of
Fraunce
,
and
there
among
the
●●guriens
and
the
cruell
Frenchmen
they
builded
the
citty
Marsielles
,
〈…〉
.
and
did
many
woorthy
acts
,
both
in
defending
themselues
by
the
sword
againste
the
sauage
Frenchmen
,
and
also
in
assayling
those
that
had
assailed
them
before
.
For
the
Phocenses
by
reason
of
the
barrennesse
of
their
Countrey
,
were
compelled
to
set
their
mindes
more
earnestly
vppon
the
Water
,
then
vpon
the
Landes
:
and
so
they
liued
by
Fisning
,
by
trafficke
of
Marchandize
,
and
oftentimes
by
robbing
on
the
Sea
,
which
in
those
dayes
was
counted
for
a
praise
.
By
meanes
where
of
they
aduentured
to
the
vttermost
border
of
the
Ocean
,
and
arriued
vpon
the
French
coast
by
the
riuer
of
Roane
,
with
the
pleasantnesse
of
which
,
they
were
so
taken
in
loue
,
that
at
their
return
home
,
they
reported
what
they
had
seene
,
and
procured
more
of
their
contrimen
to
go
thither
with
them
.
The
Captaines
of
their
sleete
,
were
Furius
,
and
Peranus
.
Who
with
theyr
company
presented
themselues
before
Senanus
kinge
of
the
Seger●gians
,
in
whose
territory
they
coueted
to
build
them
a
citty
,
desiring
his
amity
and
friendship
By
chance
the
very
same
day
the
k.
was
occupied
in
preparation
,
for
the
Marriage
of
his
daghter
Giptis
,
whom
according
to
the
custome
of
the
country
,
he
purposed
to
marry
to
such
a
one
,
as
shee
A
〈◊〉
.
her selfe
at
the
feast
would
chose
to
be
her
husband
.
Among
other
that
wer
bidden
to
the
mariage
,
the
strangers
of
Greece
were
desired
to
the
feast
also
.
Anon
the
young
Ladie
was
brought
in
,
who
being
commanded
by
hir
father
to
reach
a
cup
of
water
to
him
whom
she
would
haue
to
her
husband
,
passed
ouer
al
the
other
guests
,
and
turning
hir self
to
the
Greeks
,
gaue
the
water
to
Peran
.
Who
by
this
means
being
made
of
a
stranger
the
kings
son
in
law
,
obteined
of
his
Father
a
plot
,
to
build
a
citty
vpon
.
So
was
the
citty
of
Marsiell●
〈…〉
.
builded
hard
by
the
mouth
of
the
riuer
Roan
,
in
an
out-nook
,
as
it
were
in
a
creek
of
the
Sea.
But
the
Lagurians
enuying
the
prosperity
of
the
Citty
,
di
〈◊〉
bed
the
Greekes
with
their
continuall
warres
.
Who
through
valiaunt
de●ending
of
themselues
,
became
so
renowned
,
that
after
they
had
vanquished
the●
enemies
,
they
builded
many
citties
in
the
grounds
that
they
took
from
them
.
A●
their
hands
,
the
Frenchmen
learned
a
more
ciuill
trade
of
liuing
thro●●h
the
which
their
Barbarousnesse
was
laide
aside
,
and
as
it
were
tamed
,
to
〈◊〉
with
the
tillage
of
the
ground
,
and
Walling
in
of
their
cittie
.
They
framed
themselues
to
liue
by
Lawes
,
and
not
by
force
,
then
they
learned
to
shredde
their
Vines
:
then
they
learned
to
plant
and
graffe
their
Oliues
.
Fi●●llie
both
the
men
and
all
other
thinges
were
so
exquisitely
polished
,
that
Greece
seemed
not
to
be
remooued
into
France
,
but
rather
France
was
translated
into
Greece
.
After
the
death
of
Senanus
king
of
the
Segoregians
(
by
whom
the
place
to
build
the
citty
vpon
was
graunted
)
his
son
Comanus
succeeding
him
in
the
kingdome
,
was
inucgled
against
the
Massilians
by
one
of
his
Lordes
,
alledging
that
the
time
will
come
,
that
Marsielles
should
be
the
destruction
of
the
people
,
that
were
next
neighbors
about
it
:
wherefore
it
was
to
be
suppressed
now
in
that
very
rising
,
least
afterward
being
suffred
to
grow
stronger
,
it
might
oppresse
him
.
For
the
further
manifestation
whereof
,
he
repeated
this
fable
,
how
upon
a
time
,
a
bitch
being
great
with
whelp
,
desired
a
shepheard
to
lend
hir
house
roome
to
whelpe
in
:
the
which
being
obteyned
,
she
desired
him
againe
,
to
respit
hir
solong
,
but
till
she
might
bring
vp
her
whelpes
:
But
at
lengthe
when
they
were
ful
grown
,
she
and
hir
whelps
were
so
strong
,
that
she
challenged
the
place
to
hir selfe
for
euer
.
In
the
like
sort
the
Massilians
,
which
then
seemed
to
be
soiourners
,
would
perchance
hereafter
become
Lords
of
the
country
.
The
king
being
prouoked
Treas●n
against
the
Massilians
.
by
this
instigation
,
deuised
how
to
surprize
the
Massilians
:
So
vpon
a
solemn
feastiful
day
of
the
Goddesse
Flora
,
hee
sent
a
great
sort
of
strong
men
into
the
citty
,
as
it
hadde
bin
to
make
merry
,
causing
a
number
more
to
be
conueyed
in
Cartes
and
Wagons
,
hidden
with
rushes
and
leaues
,
and
hee
himselfe
with
his
hoast
lay
in
ambush
in
the
next
Mountaines
,
to
the
intent
that
in
the
night
,
when
the
other
had
set
open
the
gates
,
he
might
come
with
all
speed
to
the
performance
of
his
pretended
policy
,
and
put
the
cittye
to
the
sword
,
as
they
were
in
a
dead
sleepe
,
or
else
eating
and
drinking
.
But
a
kinswoman
of
the
kings
bewrayed
this
treason
,
who
being
wont
to
play
the
goodfellowe
with
a
certaine
youngman
of
the
Greeks
,
as
she
imbraced
him
,
hauing
pitty
vppon
him
for
his
beauty
,
vtterred
the
matter
vnto
him
,
and
councelled
him
to
auoide
the
danger
,
and
he
forthwith
declared
the
whole
matter
to
the
Officers
of
the
citty
.
By
meanes
whereof
,
the
treason
comming
to
light
,
the
Ligurians
were
laide
hand
on
,
and
they
that
lay
hidden
in
the
rushes
,
were
pulled
out
by
the
heels
,
and
put
euery
man
vnto
the
sword
,
and
in
the
end
,
the
treason
was
turned
vpon
the
kings
owne
head
:
For
the
Massilians
slue
the
K.
himselfe
,
and
seuen
thousand
of
his
souldiors
with
him
From
that
day
forward
,
the
Massilians
vppon
their
feastifull
dayes
,
kept
their
gates
shut
,
made
good
watch
,
set
men
to
ward
vpon
the
Walles
,
searched
all
strangers
,
tooke
good
heed
,
and
euen
as
if
they
had
made
warre
,
so
The
fortunate
successe
of
the
Massiliens
.
kept
they
the
citty
in
time
of
peace
,
such
good
order
kept
they
among
them selues
at
al
times
,
not
so
much
in
time
of
need
,
as
to
be
●uer
in
readines
.
Afterward
they
had
sore
Wars
with
the
Lycurians
,
and
the
Frenchmen
,
whych
both
encreased
the
renowne
of
the
Citty
,
and
also
(
by
atchiuing
so
manye
victories
)
made
the
knighthood
and
chiualry
of
the
Greeks
famous
and
redoubted
among
their
neighbors
.
Moreouer
they
diuers
times
ouercame
the
Armies
of
the
Carthagenians
,
when
they
made
warre
vppon
them
for
taking
their
Fisher
botes
,
and
gaue
them
peace
at
their
pleasure
like
conquerors
.
With
the
Spaniards
they
entred
a
league
of
amity
,
and
with
the
Romaines
they
made
a
continuall
confederacy
and
aliance
,
almost
from
the
first
beginning
of
the
foundation
of
the
Citty
,
the
which
they
obserued
most
faithfully
,
and
to
the
vttermost
of
their
power
,
aided
them
as
their
confederates
,
in
all
their
enterprizes
.
Which
thing
,
both
made
them
to
be
bolder
to
trust
to
their
owne
strength
,
and
also
purchased
them
peace
of
their
enemies
.
Wherfore
at
such
time
as
Marsielles
florished
most
in
renowne
of
chiualry
,
and
in
abundance
of
riches
,
&
was
in
the
chiefe
flower
of
her
strength
,
suddainly
al
the
people
bordering
about
them
,
gathered
themselues
togither
,
to
roote
vppe
the
Name
of
the
Massilians
.
A
Noble
man
called
Carmandus
,
was
by
common
consent
chosen
to
be
captaine
generall
against
them
,
who
as
he
lay
at
siege
before
the
citty
,
with
a
great
host
of
the
best
men
that
could
be
chosen
in
all
the
countrey
,
sawe
in
his
sleep
the
likenesse
of
a
Woman
,
with
a
grim
and
terrible
co●ntenance
,
The
vision
of
Caramandus
.
which
said
she
was
a
Goddesse
:
At
whose
sight
he
was
so
affraid
,
that
of
his
own
voluntary
disposition
he
made
pease
with
the
Massilians
,
making
request
that
he
might
enter
into
their
citty
to
worship
their
Goddes
.
When
he
came
into
the
Temple
of
Minerua
,
espying
in
the
porches
the
ymage
of
the
Goddesse
,
which
he
had
seene
in
his
dreame
,
he
cryed
out
sodainly
that
it
was
euen
she
that
had
feared
him
in
the
night
,
and
surely
it
was
she
that
commaunded
him
to
raise
his
siege
.
Whereupon
greatly
reioycing
with
the
Massilians
,
because
he
perceiued
that
the
Goddes
had
such
care
&
regarde
ouer
them
,
he
gaue
the
Goddesse
a
chaine
of
Gold
for
an
offering
,
and
made
a
bonde
of
friendshippe
with
the
Massilians
,
to
continue
for
euer
.
After
that
they
had
thus
gotten
peace
,
and
established
quietnesse
,
the
the
Massilian
Ambassadors
returning
from
Delphos
,
(
whither
they
had
bene
sent
to
catry
presents
vnto
Apollo
,
)
heard
say
that
the
Citty
of
Rome
was
taken
and
burnt
by
the
Frenchmen
.
Which
tidinges
when
they
had
brought
home
,
the
Massilians
proclamed
an
vniuersall
mourning
,
as
if
it
had
bin
for
the
death
ofsome
speciall
friends
,
and
gathered
all
their
Gold
togither
,
as
well
priuate
as
publick
,
the
which
they
sent
to
make
vp
the
summe
,
that
the
Frenchmen
demaunded
of
the
Romaines
for
their
ransom
,
and
to
grant
them
peace
.
In
recompence
of
which
good
turne
,
they
were
made
free
os
the
city
of
Rom●
,
and
placed
among
the
Senators
at
all
solemnities
.
And
their
aliance
was
so
knit
with
them
,
that
they
were
continually
reputed
as
Romans
.
In
his
last
Booke
,
Trogus
declareth
,
that
his
ancestors
fetched
their
Petigree
from
the
Volces
,
that
his
Grandfather
Trogus
Pompeius
in
the
Warres
against
S●●●o●ius
,
did
saue
the
city
to
Eneus
Pompeius
,
that
his
vnckle
had
the
leding
of
the
horsmen
vnder
the
said
Pompey
in
the
warre
against
Mithridates
,
and
that
his
father
also
serued
in
the
warres
vnder
C.
Cesar
,
Th●
〈◊〉
of
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
●●om
〈◊〉
.
in
the
roome
of
Secreatary
Lieutetenant
,
and
keeper
ofhys
Seale
.
The
end
of
the
xliij
.
booke
.
THE
44.
BOOKE
OF
Iustine
.
THE
ARGVMENT
.
THe
scituation
,
fertility
,
and
description
of
Spain
.
A
wonderfull
example
of
patience
.
The
deedes
of
Viriatus
Captaine
of
the
Spaniardes
.
Of
the
genettes
.
The
steele
that
is
in
that
country
.
What
things
were
inuented
by
Gargoris
.
How
Gargoris
assayed
by
all
meanes
to
put
his
daughters
child
to
death
,
and
could
not
,
whereupon
moued
with
compassion
for
the
perils
he
had
escaped
he
made
him
his
heyre
,
whose
name
was
Habis
.
The
inuentions
of
the
said
Habis
.
The
story
of
Hercules
Gereon
.
The
inhabiting
of
the
Gades
.
vpon
what
occasion
the
Carthageniens
entred
first
into
Spaine
with
the
actions
of
their
Captains
there
.
Finally
how
it
was
subdued
by
Augustus
The
Emperor
,
and
made
a
prouince
for
the
Romaines
.
SPaine
being
by
account
the
vtmost
bonds
and
limits
of
The
antient
names
of
Spaine
.
Europe
,
euen
so
therewith
I
meane
to
shut
and
close
vp
the
end
of
this
booke
.
In
ancient
times
it
was
called
Iberia
,
of
the
Riuer
Iberus
:
afterwards
it
was
called
Spaine
after
the
name
of
Hyspalus
.
It
is
a
countrey
that
lieth
between
Affrick
&
France
,
enclosed
round
about
with
the
Ocean
Sea
,
and
the
Pirenian
Mountaines
.
Though
it
be
not
to
be
compared
with
the
other
lands
,
for
scope
and
bignesse
,
yet
doth
it
yeeld
more
aboundance
of
commodities
and
fruite
,
then
The
seituation
both
the
other
,
being
ioyned
together
.
For
●●●st
it
lieth
not
within
the
raging
heate
of
the
Sunne
,
as
Affricke
doth
;
neither
is
it
violated
with
outragious
windes
like
France
:
but
as
it
lieth
in
the
meane
and
midest
betweene
them
both
,
so
on
the
one
side
,
by
moisture
distilled
on
the
land
by
moderate
shewers
,
falling
in
their
season
,
it
becometh
exceeding
fertile
in
all
manner
fruites
and
graine
:
Insomuch
as
the
inhabitants
thereof
content
themselues
in
all
aboundance
,
and
they
impart
with
many
thousands
of
their
store
,
into
Italy
,
Rome
&
all
the
countries
thereabout
.
From
thence
there
passeth
not
onely
great
store
of
corne
and
graine
,
but
also
Wine
,
hony
,
Oyle
,
and
many
such
like
commodities
:
But
there
is
also
great
plenty
of
Iron
,
and
not
the
basest
and
worser
sort
,
but
the
best
iron
and
Steele
,
is
accounted
to
be
in
these
regions
.
Also
many
an
excellent
race
of
Horses
,
both
sounde
and
swift
are
ther
in
great
plenty
.
Neither
will
we
content
our selues
to
speak
of
those
commodities
onely
that
growe
aboue
the
grounde
,
but
also
their
plentifull
and
rich
Minerals
,
which
lieth
hidden
vnderneth
within
the
bowels
of
the
earth
.
Of
Flax
and
Baste
there
is
great
plenty
,
and
as
for
Vermilion
,
no
land
vnder
the
sunne
yeeldeth
more
aboundantly
.
In
this
land
are
many
excellent
riuers
,
not
violent
and
outragiously
ebbing
and
flowing
,
whereby
many
dangers
are
often
threatned
,
but
gentlye
falling
and
moistning
the
vineyards
and
cornesieldes
in
all
aboundance
of
pleasure
,
and
as
for
those
places
where
the
Ocean
bringeth
in
the
rising
&
falling
of
the
tides
,
full
of
all
variety
and
kinds
of
Fish
as
the
appetite
of
man
can
be
delighted
in
.
these
riuers
are
also
many
of
them
rich
in
Gold
,
which
maketh
them
exceedingly
accounted
of
.
It
is
onely
parted
from
France
,
by
the
ridge
of
the
Pirenean
Mountaines
,
being
in
euery
other
place
enuironed
round
about
by
the
Ocean
Sea.
The
plat
of
the
land
is
in
maner
foresquare
,
sauing
that
the
sea
beatinge
on
both
sides
,
doth
gather
it
vp
somewhat
narrowe
at
the
Pirenean
Mountaine
:
Moreouer
,
whereas
the
Pirene
Mountaines
runneth
,
it
is
in
breadth
six
hundred
Miles
.
It
standeth
in
a
pleasant
aire
,
throughout
the
whole
country
,
and
the
winds
do
blow
there
so
coole
and
temperate
,
that
there
ariseth
The
〈◊〉
of
〈◊〉
no
stincking
Fogges
,
and
mistes
,
out
of
the
lower
marish
grounds
,
either
to
annoy
or
infect
it
.
Besides
,
the
continuall
aire
of
the
salt-water
rising
from
the
sea
,
round
about
and
on
euery
side
,
so
pierseth
and
cleanseth
thorough
the
country
,
and
being
againe
qualified
with
the
open
and
fresh
ayre
of
the
land
,
is
the
chiefe
and
principal
meane
to
preserue
the
inhabitants
therof
in
health
.
The
bodies
of
these
inhabitants
do
well
away
with
these
two
vnwelcom
The
disposition
of
the
Spamaides
.
guests
,
hunger
and
paine
,
and
their
minds
can
wel
away
to
know
they
must
die
.
They
generally
liueal
very
niggardly
and
hard
.
They
also
rather
couet
warre
then
peace
:
of
which
if
they
cannot
employ
themselus
vpon
a
forren
enemy
,
they
will
neaer
rest
satisfied
till
they
ceize
vppon
one
at
home
.
They
are
well
accounted
of
for
secresie
,
for
oftentimes
they
haue
rather
chosen
death
vpon
the
Racke
,
rather
then
reueale
the
secret
trust
in
them
reposed
:
So
much
deerer
doe
they
prize
secresie
more
then
their
very
liues
.
That
th●●
is
so
,
It
may
be
wel
obserued
by
the
sufferings
of
that
seruant
in
the
Warres
of
Carthage
,
who
hauing
reuenged
the
death
of
his
Maister
,
in
the
middest
of
all
his
tormentes
,
laughed
and
reioyced
,
and
with
a
merrie
and
pleasant
countenance
,
ouercame
the
cruelty
of
al
his
tormenters
.
The
people
of
this
countrie
is
exceeding
swift
of
foote
,
vnquiet
of
minde
,
and
the
greater
number
of
them
,
make
more
account
and
reckoning
of
their
horses
,
and
of
their
armes
,
then
they
do
by
the
best
blood
in
their
bodies
.
They
neuer
make
anie
great
preparation
for
feasting
one
another
,
except
onely
the
high
and
solemne
daies
.
Thev
loue
to
wash
much
in
warme
water
,
which
custome
of
theirs
they
learned
from
the
Romans
,
after
their
second
warres
with
carthage
.
Daring
the
continuance
of
many
hundered
yeares
,
they
neuer
had
other
Captaine
of
fame
saue
onely
Viriatus
,
who
for
the
space
of
ten
whole
yeares
,
held
the
Romaines
at
the
staues
end
,
one
while
he
gained
,
and
againe
at
another
time
he
lost
(
so
much
were
they
of
nature
more
like
brute
bests
,
then
men
)
yet
they
rather
consented
to
follow
him
,
not
as
one
chosen
by
the
discretion
or
gouernment
of
the
wiser
sort
,
but
only
for
that
he
was
generally
held
amongst
them
exceeding
pollitique
and
ready
in
avoiding
of
emminent
danger
:
Againe
he
was
esteemed
of
a
very
vertuous
and
staied
behauiour
and
courage
,
and
that
he
often
ouercame
many
of
the
consuls
with
their
whole
powers
and
strength
,
being
not
any
way
able
to
match
him
in
the
least
of
all
his
fortunes
,
so
many
and
great
enterprizes
did
he
purchase
from
them
:
yet
was
he
noted
not
The
great
commendation
o●
V●●●atus
.
to
alter
or
change
himselfe
either
in
apparell
,
fashion
,
or
order
of
dyet
,
but
as
he
began
the
first
course
of
his
Warres
,
euen
so
hee
continued
the
selfe
same
vnto
the
latter
ende
.
Insomuch
as
there
was
not
a
common
Souldier
amongst
them
,
but
hee
helde
his
state
to
be
equall
to
their
guide
and
Captaine
.
It
is
reported
amongst
diuers
writers
,
that
about
the
Ryuer
Tagus
in
Portingall
,
there
is
arace
of
Mares
,
that
do
conceiue
by
the
winde
.
Which
fable
(
for
so
I
may
reckon
it
)
first
sprang
vpon
the
fruitfulnesse
of
Mares
,
and
of
the
multitude
of
races
,
that
are
acounted
to
be
both
in
Gallicia
&
Portugal
:
Of
Spanish
l●nu●●
.
wherof
there
are
such
store
to
be
seene
,
and
those
so
swift
,
that
(
not
without
good
cause
the
Prouerbe
may
hold
currant
)
that
the
were
conceiued
with
the
winde
.
The
Gallicians
account
themselues
as
from
the
right
line
and
descent
of
the
Greekes
:
For
(
say
they
)
after
the
battell
of
Troy
,
that
Teucer
hauing
incurred
the
hate
and
displeasure
of
his
father
Telamon
for
the
death
of
his
brother
Aiax
,
was
neuer
after
suffered
to
enter
into
the
Realme
:
thereupon
departed
and
came
to
Cyprus
,
and
in
the
ende
builded
there
a
Citty
,
which
hee
called
Sallamyne
after
the
name
of
his
owne
Natiue
Countrey
,
from
whence
he
was
banished
.
At
last
,
hauing
knowledge
of
the
decease
of
his
father
,
he
returned
againe
backe
to
his
countrey
,
but
being
withstood
in
his
arriuall
by
Eurasaces
the
Son
of
Ayax
,
he
was
forced
to
make
his
ariuall
in
Spaine
,
and
there
seyzed
vpon
that
plot
of
ground
where
new
Carehage
now
standeth
:
from
whence
he
remoued
to
Galicya
where
he
fully
planted
himselfe
and
all
his
company
,
giuing
name
vnto
that
countrey
.
There
is
one
portion
of
Gallycia
that
is
called
Amphilochians
.
A
country
very
plentifull
of
many
worthy
commodities
,
as
Brasse
,
Lead
,
and
Vermilyon
,
wherof
became
the
Ryuer
so
called
.
Moreouer
,
it
is
very
well
stored
of
Golde
,
insomuch
that
diuers
times
they
raise
vp
very
clots
of
Gold
,
as
they
are
in
The
fruitfulnesse
of
Gallicia
.
labour
of
the
plough
.
In
the
bounds
of
this
Countrey
,
there
is
a
hill
(
called
the
Holy
hill
)
the
which
is
made
vtterly
vnlawful
for
any
man
to
vse
an
instrument
of
yorn
nee●e
about
the
same
hill
.
But
if
it
so
happen
that
by
Thunder
or
lightning
the
earth
be
broken
(
which
is
very
common
in
those
places
)
then
they
are
permitted
to
gather
vppe
all
the
Golde
thereabout
,
holding
and
esteeming
thereof
as
the
gift
of
God
.
In
these
parts
the
Women
are
wholy
imployed
in
the
carriages
of
al
maner
of
businesses
,
as
house-keeping
,
&
bargaining
:
and
the
men
do
onely
imploy
themselues
to
Warres
,
and
violent
robberies
.
The
yron
heere
to
be
found
is
of
an
excellent
harde
temper
,
but
theyr
waters
is
of
farre
more
force
then
they
yron
for
by
tempering
their
Mettell
therewith
,
it
is
by
vertue
thereof
made
more
tough
and
sharpe
,
and
they
generally
hold
that
weapon
of
no
good
temper
,
that
is
not
dipped
either
〈◊〉
.
in
the
riuer
Bilbo
,
or
in
the
riuer
Chaltbs
:
Whereupon
the
people
that
haue
their
habitation
neere
vnto
these
riuers
are
called
chalybs
,
and
are
esteemed
the
best
Maisters
of
yron
,
in
that
whole
kingdome
.
In
the
plains
o●
the
Tartesians
,
(
where
it
is
reported
the
Titans
made
war
against
the
Goddes
,
)
dwelled
sometime
the
currettes
:
an
auncient
king
of
the
which
people
named
Gargoris
first
inuented
the
maner
to
gather
Hunny
.
This
man
perceiued
that
his
daughter
had
playd
the
harlot
,
&
for
shame
of
her
wicked
deed
,
attempted
diuers
waies
to
haue
destroyed
the
child
.
But
The
〈◊〉
o●
Gargo●is
.
through
good
fortune
he
was
preserued
from
all
those
daungers
,
and
at
the
length
for
compassion
of
so
many
perils
,
was
created
king
.
First
of
all
when
he
commaunded
him
to
bee
cast
awaye
,
and
certaine
dayes
after
had
sent
to
secke
his
bodye
,
hee
was
found
nourished
with
the
milke
of
sundry
wild●
beasts
.
Secondly
,
when
he
was
brought
home
,
he
commaunded
him
to
be
laid
in
a
narrow
path
,
where
cattel
had
wont
to
go
through
,
surely
he
was
verye
cruell
,
that
woulde
haue
his
Nephew
troden
to
death
,
then
simply
killed
.
There
also
perceiuing
he
lay
vnhurt
,
and
not
vnfed
,
he
caused
him
to
be
cast
first
to
hungry
dogges
,
that
he
had
pined
from
meat
many
dayes
before
for
the
nonce
,
and
afterwards
also
to
Swine
.
Finally
when
they
not
only
did
him
no
harm
,
but
also
some
of
them
gaue
him
sucke
,
last
of
all
he
threwe
him
in
the
sea
.
Then
as
it
were
by
the
open
manifest
prouidence
of
the
Gods
,
among
the
r●ging
sourges
,
and
the
wallowing
waues
,
as
though
he
had
ben
carried
in
a
ship
,
and
not
in
a
streame
,
the
calme
sea
bare
him
vp
alofte
,
and
brought
him
shortly
to
shore
.
By
and
by
came
a
Hind
and
gaue
him
sucke
.
Whereupon
by
keeping
companye
with
his
Nurce
,
the
child
became
exceeding
swift
of
foot
,
and
kept
in
the
mountaines
and
forrests
among
the
heards
of
red
deere
,
as
swift
of
foot
as
the
switest
of
them
.
At
length
being
ouerthrowne
in
a
toile
,
he
was
presented
before
the
K.
for
a
gift
.
There
by
reason
of
his
stature
and
making
,
wherein
he
much
resembled
the
king
,
and
by
certaine
markes
that
were
grown
in
the
child
from
his
bir●h
,
the
king
knew
him
to
be
his
Nephew
.
And
because
he
had
so
wonderfull
▪
escaped
so
many
perillous
chaunces
,
he
proclaimed
him
heire
and
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
of
〈◊〉
.
successor
of
his
kingdome
.
His
name
was
called
Habis
,
who
after
that
he
had
taken
the
crown
vpon
him
,
became
Prince
of
such
Maiesty
,
that
men
thoght
it
was
not
for
nothing
,
that
hee
was
so
preserued
by
the
prouidence
of
God
from
so
many
perils
.
For
he
first
ordeined
lawes
,
to
keepe
the
sauage
people
in
good
order
and
conuersation
one
with
another
.
He
●ir●●
ta●ght
them
to
breake
Oxen
to
the
plough
,
and
to
till
and
sowe
the
ground
,
he
first
(
for
tediousnesse
of
such
things
,
as
he
had
suffered
himselfe
)
caused
men
to
forsake
their
beastly
meates
,
and
to
feed
vppon
better
.
The
chaunces
of
this
man
might
seeme
to
be
but
a
fable
,
if
the
builders
of
Rome
had
not
bene
nourished
by
a
Wolfe
,
and
Cyrus
king
of
Persia
norished
of
a
bitch
.
This
man
forbad
the
people
all
seruill
occupations
,
and
diuided
the
commons
into
seauen
citties
.
After
the
death
of
Habis
,
the
kingdom
remained
in
his
posterity
many
C.
years
.
In
another
part
of
Spain
,
which
consisteth
of
the
Isles
,
Gerion
wask
in
the
which
part
there
is
so
great
plenty
of
sweet
pasture
,
that
vnlesse
the
cattell
were
kept
hungry
,
and
not
suffered
to
feede
their
fill
,
their
bellies
wold
The
●●o●y
of
G●●ion
.
burst
.
In
the
same
place
were
the
cattell
of
Gerion
(
wherein
in
those
dayes
mens
substance
did
chiefely
consist
)
which
were
of
so
great
fame
,
that
Hercules
allured
with
the
richnes
of
the
booty
,
came
out
of
Asia
thither
.
Moreouer
Gerion
was
not
triple
as
the
fables
report
,
but
three
Brothers
which
accorded
so
friendly
one
with
another
,
that
it
seemed
as
though
one
soule
and
one
mind
ruled
them
al
three
.
Neither
did
they
of
their
own
motion
make
warre
vpon
Hercules
,
but
when
they
saw
their
cattel
driuen
awaye
,
they
fought
with
him
for
the
recouering
of
them
.
A●ter
that
the
kings
ceased
in
Spaine
,
the
Carthagenians
first
tooke
vppon
them
the
Dominion
and
rule
of
the
country
.
For
when
the
Gaditans
(
commaunded
so
to
do
in
a
dreame
)
had
brought
from
Tyrus
.
out
of
the
which
Citty
the
Carthagenians
had
also
their
beginning
,
the
sacred
ceremonies
of
Hercules
into
Spaine
,
and
there
builded
a
citty
,
through
the
malice
of
the
people
of
Spain
their
next
neighbors
,
enuying
the
encreasement
of
their
new
citty
,
and
thereuppon
infesting
the
Gaditans
with
warre
,
they
sent
to
their
kinsmen
the
Carthagenians
for
help
:
Who
hauing
a
prosperous
iourny
,
both
defended
the
Gaditans
from
taking
wrong
,
&
also
subdued
the
more
part
of
the
country
vnder
their
Dominion
.
Afterwarde
also
encouraged
by
the
fortunate
successe
of
their
first
voyage
,
they
The
doings
of
the
C●rthagenians
.
in
Spaine
.
sent
Hamilcar
,
as
graund-captaine
with
a
great
hoast
,
to
conquer
the
whole
Realme
,
who
hauing
atchiued
many
great
enterprizes
,
whilest
he
followed
his
goodluck
without
aduisement
,
was
intrapped
by
a
policy
and
slaine
.
In
his
roome
was
sent
his
sonne
in
law
Hasdruball
,
who
also
was
slaine
by
a
seruant
of
a
Spaniard
,
in
reuengement
of
his
Maisters
death
.
Hanniball
the
sonne
of
Hamilcar
greater
then
both
,
sacceeded
in
the
captainship
.
For
he
surmounting
the
acts
of
them
both
,
conquered
all
Spaine
.
And
then
making
warre
against
the
Romans
,
vexed
Italy
with
sundry
slaughters
,
by
the
space
of
sixteen
yeares
togither
.
Whereas
in
the
mean
season
the
Romaines
,
sending
the
Scipios
into
Spain
,
first
draue
the
Carthagenians
out
of
the
country
,
and
afterward
had
sore
warres
with
the
Spaniards
themselus
.
How
the
〈…〉
Neuerthelesse
the
countries
of
Spaine
coulde
neuer
bee
brought
vnder
the
yoke
of
bondage
,
vntill
that
Caesar
Augustus
hauing
conquered
the
whole
world
,
came
against
them
with
his
victorious
army
,
&
broght
those
Ba●barous
and
cruell
people
,
to
a
more
ciuill
trade
of
liuing
by
order
of
law
,
and
substituted
a
Lieutenant
ouer
them
,
like
as
was
don
in
all
other
Prouin●es
of
the
Empire
.
FINIS
.
AN
EPITOMIE
OF
THE
Liues
and
Manners
of
the
ROMAINE
EMPERORS
.
FROM
THE
RAIGNE
OF
CAESAR
AVGVSTVS
,
to
the
Raigne
of
Rodulphus
the
Emperour
now
liuing
:
taken
out
of
the
Bookes
of
Sext.
Aurelius
Victor
.
Printed
at
London
by
William
Iaggard
,
1606.
The
life
of
C.
Iulius
Caesar.
CIulius
Caesar
,
the
sonne
of
L.
Caesar
and
Aurelia
,
was
born
at
Rome
,
C.
Marius
,
and
L.
Valerius
Flaccus
being
Consuls
,
on
the
4.
of
the
Ides
of
Quintile
,
the
which
month
after
his
death
,
was
by
the
commaundement
of
Anthony
,
for
that
cause
called
Iuly
:
He
was
brought
vp
with
his
mother
Aurelia
,
the
daughter
of
C.
Cotta
,
and
his
Aunt
Iulia
,
the
wife
of
C.
Marius
:
Whereupon
he
being
descended
of
the
stock
of
Senators
,
had
the
loue
of
the
Plebile
sedition
,
&
the
hatred
of
Silla
.
This
man
was
the
first
that
sought
after
the
pepetuall
dictatorship
:
For
France
being
conquered
by
him
,
within
the
space
of
ten
yeares
,
and
Britanny
being
then
first
assailed
,
and
the
Germaines
being
driuen
into
the
woods
and
moores
;
he
departed
into
Italy
,
and
with
the
same
his
accustomed
celerity
appeased
the
Spanish
tumultes
hee
ouerthrew
Pompey
the
great
,
in
a
battel
at
Pharsalis
,
and
when
he
had
triumphed
ouer
all
his
enemies
,
at
length
he
being
wounded
,
with
23.
woundes
,
by
the
conspiracy
,
of
his
dearest
friends
(
as
he
esteemed
them
)
died
,
in
the
56
yeare
of
his
age
.
A
man
very
famous
,
for
his
feats
of
Warre
,
and
peace
,
but
especially
for
his
clemency●
Who
had
rather
be
a
defender
,
then
an
inuader
of
peace
.
These
things
Ignatius
reporteth
of
him
.
Nothing
was
wanting
in
this
Caesar
,
which
ought
to
be
in
a
Nobleman
:
in
him
was
wisdome
,
eloquence
,
courage
,
constancy
,
and
the
study
of
mili●arie
discipline
,
and
of
al
the
chiefest
arts
;
and
that
which
most
of
al
preuaileth
,
to
get
the
goodwil
of
the
people
,
a
certaine
wonderful
kind
of
liberality
,
by
the
which
,
as
by
degrees
,
he
arose
from
a
lowe
estate
,
to
the
highest
degree
,
of
humaine
affaires
.
D.
Caesar
Octauianus
Aug.
IN
the
yeare
722.
from
the
time
that
the
citty
was
built
,
and
in
the
480.
yeare
after
the
time
of
the
Kings
,
the
auncient
custome
of
Rome
was
restored
againe
,
to
the
obedience
of
one
alone
,
and
to
an
Emperor
in
stead
of
a
king
,
being
otherwaies
called
by
amore
honorable
name
Augustus
.
Therefore
,
Octauianus
was
begotten
of
his
father
Octauius
a
Senator
,
who
by
his
mothers
side
,
was
descended
from
Aeneas
,
thrugh
the
familie
of
Iulia
,
but
by
the
adoption
of
C.
Caesar
the
elder
his
great
Vncle
,
he
was
called
C.
Caesar
,
and
afterwards
for
a
certain
victory
he
was
caled
Augustus
.
This
man
being
placed
in
the
imperial
sea●e
,
executed
the
authority
of
the
tribune
by
himselfe
alone
.
He
brought
the
countrey
of
Egypt
,
into
the
forme
of
a
prouince
,
being
vneasie
to
be
entered
through
the
ouer●lowing
of
Nilus
,
and
without
passages
,
by
reason
of
Marishes
;
which
that
he
might
make
p●●ntifull
of
victuall
for
the
citty
,
he
layd
open
the
ditches
thorough
the
labor
of
the
Souldiers
,
which
by
the
negligence
of
antiquity
were
●i●led
with
du●●
.
In
this
mans
time
,
200000.
Measures
of
corne
by
the
yeare
,
were
brought
out
of
Egipt
into
the
citty
.
This
man
ioyned
to
the
number
of
the
prouinces
of
the
people
of
Rome
,
the
people
of
Biscay
in
Spaine
,
and
the
people
of
Guien
in
France
,
the
Rhetians
,
Vandales
,
and
Dalmatians
;
Hevanqui●hed
the
Switzers
,
and
the
Cattaiens
,
and
translated
the
people
of
Gueldrois
in
Germany
into
France
,
and
ioyned
the
Hungarians
to
his
tributaries
,
and
compelled
the
Gothes
and
the
people
of
Salmatia
in
Europ
,
being
wearied
with
Wa●res
vnto
an
agreement
.
The
Persians
brought
pledges
vnto
this
man
,
and
graunted
him
the
leaue
of
making
them
aking
.
Moreouer
,
the
Indians
,
the
Scythtans
,
the
Blackamoores
,
the
Aetheopians
,
sent
Ambassadors
with
presents
.
He
so
much
abhorred
insurrectious
Warres
,
and
flatteries
,
that
he
would
neuer
moue
Warre
against
any
Nation
without
iust
cause
:
and
he
said
,
that
it
sheweth
a
vainegloryous
,
and
almost
vnconstant
miade
,
for
an
ardent
desire
of
triumphing
,
and
for
a
Laurell
garland
,
(
that
is
vnprofitable
leaues
)
to
cast
away
vnaduisedly
the
security
and
welfa●e
,
of
the
Cittizens
,
into
the
danger
of
a
Warre
thorogh
doubtfull
euents
.
Neither
that
any
thing
doth
worse
befit
a
good
Emperor
,
then
temyrity
,
and
that
euery
thing
is
done
soone
inough
,
whatsoeuer
is
done
well
:
that
armes
are
neuer
to
be
taken
in
hand
,
without
the
cause
of
a
waightie
matter
,
least
that
the
victory
being
soaght
after
,
for
a
small
recompence
and
with
a
great
losse
,
much
like
vnto
those
that
fish
with
a
golden
hooke
,
the
damage
and
losse
whereof
being
broken
off
,
cannot
be
recompensed
with
any
game
of
that
which
is
taken
.
In
this
mans
time
the
Romaine
army
beyond
Rhine
was
destroied
,
and
the
trybanes
,
&
Propraetor
slaine
:
Which
he
so
greatly
lamented
,
that
thorough
a
cert●ine
strong
violence
of
his
braine
,
he
beate
thorough
a
wall
,
wearing
deformed
apparell
,
hayre
,
and
other
tokens
of
sorrow
.
Also
he
greatly
blamed
the
inuention
of
his
great
vncle
,
who
calling
the
Souldiers
after
a
new
flattering
,
or
faire
speaking
manner
,
sought
to
become
dearer
vnto
them
,
and
weakned
the
authority
of
the
Prince
.
Finally
he
behaued
himselfe
very
gently
towards
the
Cittizens
.
He
was
faithfull
towards
his
friends
,
the
chiefe
whereof
was
Maecoenas
,
for
his
secrecy
;
Agrippa
,
for
his
enduring
of
labour
,
and
modesty
.
Moreouer
he
loued
Virgill
,
and
yet
was
doubtfull
to
entertain
any
into
his
friendship
,
but
most
constant
in
keeping
his
friendship
,
applying
himselfe
so
greatly
to
liberall
studies
,
especially
to
eloq●ence
,
that
no
day
did
passe
away
,
wherein
he
was
not
occupied
in
setting
forth
of
an
army
,
or
that
he
did
read
,
declare
and
endtie
.
Hee
made
some
new
lawes
,
and
others
he
corrected
vnder
his
owne
name
.
He
encreased
and
adorned
Rome
with
many
buildings
,
glorying
in
this
saying
,
I
found
the
citty
made
of
Brick
,
but
I
leaue
it
of
Marbell
.
He
was
mild
,
thankfull
,
of
a
ciuill
and
pleasant
natu●e
,
beautfull
thorough
out
all
his
body
,
but
most
in
his
eyes
:
the
brightnesse
whereof
hee
cast
forth
after
the
manner
of
most
cleare
starres
,
and
therefore
,
he
did
willingly
endure
to
haue
men
beat
the
beames
therfore
with
their
hands
,
as
sunn-beams
:
From
whose
face
whiles
a
certaine
Souldier
turned
himsel●e
,
and
was
asked
of
him
why
he
did
so
,
he
answered
;
bycause
I
cannot
endure
the
brightnesse
of
your
eies
.
Notwithstanding
,
so
great
a
man
was
not
without
some
faults
,
and
vices
:
for
he
was
a
little
impatient
,
wicked
,
angry
,
priuily
enuious
,
openly
ambitious
,
and
desirous
of
bearing
rule
,
more
then
can
be
thought
:
a
diligent
pl●ter
at
Dice
,
and
notwithstanding
that
hee
abstained
from
much
meate
,
and
wine
,
and
a
little
from
sleepe
,
he
was
subiect
to
lust
,
euen
to
the
rept●ch
of
the
common
peoples
talke
.
For
he
was
wont
to
lie
betwixt
twelue
Zodomiticall
boyes
,
and
so
many
maides
.
Also
his
wife
Scribonia
,
being
diuorsed
and
he
possessed
with
the
loue
of
an
other
mans
wife
,
ioyned
Liuia
vnto
him
,
as
though
it
had
beene
with
her
husbands
will
;
which
Liuia
at
that
time
had
two
sonnes
,
Tyherius
and
Drusus
:
and
albeit
he
was
subiect
to
lust
,
neuerthelesse
he
was
a
seuere
puinisher
of
the
same
vice
:
after
the
manner
of
men
,
who
are
seuere
in
punishing
those
vices
,
which
themselues
do
greatly
embrace
.
For
hee
banished
the
Poet
Ouid
,
who
was
also
called
Naso
,
for
that
,
he
wrote
three
bookes
of
the
Arte
of
loue
:
And
which
is
the
p●rte
of
a
large
or
pleasant
mind
,
he
was
delighted
,
with
all
kind
of
sightes
,
●speciall
with
the
vnknowne
formes
and
infinit
number
of
wilde
beasts
.
He
hauing
liued
threescore
and
senenteen
yeares
,
died
of
a
sicknesse
at
Nola
:
albeit
,
some
write
that
he
was
slaine
by
the
treason
of
Liu●a
,
fearing
,
bycause
his
daughter
in
law
had
vnderstoode
his
son
Agrippa
to
be
returned
home
whom
he
had
banished
for
the
hatred
of
his
stepmother
,
hauing
obtained
the
Empire
,
he
should
suffer
punishment
.
Therfore
whether
he
died
,
or
was
sl●ine
,
the
Senat
adiudged
him
to
be
honored
with
sundry
new
honors
:
For
besides
that
hee
had
before
called
himselfe
the
father
of
his
countrey
,
they
consecrated
a
Temple
vnto
him
,
aswell
in
Rome
,
as
through
out
the
most
famous
citties
;
all
men
commonly
saying
,
I
would
he
had
neuer
beene
borne
,
or
might
neuer
haue
died
.
For
the
one
was
of
a
very
bad
beginning
,
and
the
other
of
an
excellent
ending
.
For
in
obtaining
the
Empyre
,
he
was
accounted
an
opp●●ssor
of
the
liberty
and
yet
in
ruling
the
same
,
he
loued
the
Cittizens
,
that
on
a
time
when
three
daies
prouision
being
seene
in
one
mansbarnes
,
he
had
determined
that
he
should
be
poysoned
if
his
nauies
should
not
returne
from
his
prouinces
in
the
meane
while
.
The
which
nauie
being
come
,
the
safety
and
preseruation
of
his
countrey
was
attributed
to
his
felicity
.
Hee
Raigned
fifty
and
sixe
yeares
;
twelue
,
together
with
Anthony
,
but
soure
and
forty
alone
:
who
truely
should
neuer
haue
gotten
the
gouernment
of
the
common-wealth
to
himselfe
,
nor
haue
enioyed
the
same
so
long
,
vnlesse
he
had
abounded
with
great
guiftes
of
nature
,
and
his
owne
dyligence
,
labour
,
and
industry
.
Claudius
Tyberius
.
CLaudius
Tyberius
,
the
sonne
of
Lyuia
,
and
the
sonne
in
law
of
Caesar
Octauius
,
raigned
twenty
foure
yeares
.
This
man
whose
name
was
,
Claudius
Tyberius
Nero
,
was
eloquently
caled
of
Iesters
Caldius
Biberius
Nero
,
he
was
skilfull
inough
in
millitary
discipline
,
and
fortunat
inough
vnder
Augustus
before
he
was
made
Emperor
,
so
that
the
gouernment
of
the
commmon-wealth
was
not
without
cause
committed
vnto
him
.
He
had
a
certaine
knowledge
of
learning
,
wherein
he
was
more
excellent
then
in
eloquence
;
but
he
was
of
an
euill
nature
,
of
a
cruel
,
couetous
,
and
treacherous
disposition
,
faining
that
he
would
do
those
things
,
which
he
neare
meant
;
seeming
offended
with
those
,
of
whom
he
tooke
counsel
:
and
seeming
to
beare
goodwill
,
to
those
whom
he
hated
.
He
was
better
for
suddaine
answers
,
and
counsels
,
then
long
deliberated
.
Finally
,
he
fainedly
refused
the
Empire
,
deriued
from
his
auncestors
,
the
which
thing
he
had
subtilty
brought
to
passe
,
cruelly
searching
out
,
what
men
did
say
or
thinke
of
him
,
which
thing
was
the
destruction
of
al
good
and
vpright
men
.
For
the
wringing
out
of
their
mindes
by
long
speeches
,
that
they
thought
the
greatnesse
of
the
affaires
of
the
Empire
did
decline
,
according
to
his
fained
iudgement
,
their
last
destruction
immediatly
followed
.
This
man
brought
the
Cappado●ians
into
a
prouince
,
their
King
Arceslaus
beeing
deposed
:
he
repressed
the
thefts
of
the
Getulians
,
and
crafryly
entrapped
Marobaelius
King
of
the
Switzers
.
When
he
pun●●he●
,
the
guiltlesse
,
and
guilty
were
all
in
one
state
,
and
in
like
manner
both
his
own
friends
,
and
strangers
;
the
discipline
off
warfare
being
left
,
Armenia
was
taken
away
by
the
Parthians
,
Maesia
by
the
Dacians
,
Hungaria
by
the
people
of
Sarmatia
,
and
Fraunce
of
the
bordering
Nations
.
This
man
after
the
78.
year
,
and
4.
moneth
of
his
age
,
was
murthered
by
the
treasons
of
Caligula
.
Caesar
Caligula
.
CAligula
raigned
foure
yeares
,
this
Caligula
was
the
sonne
of
Germanic●●
,
and
because
he
was
borne
in
the
Army
,
he
took
his
name
of
a
harnesse
boot
,
that
is
Caligula
.
Before
he
tooke
vpon
him
the
Empire
,
he
was
deare
,
and
beloued
of
all
men
:
but
in
his
raigne
he
was
such
an
one
,
that
it
was
rightly
said
of
him
,
amongst
the
common
people
,
that
there
was
neuer
a
more
cruell
Lord
then
he
.
Finally
he
defiled
his
three
sisters
.
He
went
in
the
habit
of
his
Goddes
,
and
affirmed
himselfe
to
be
Iupiter
for
his
incest
,
and
amongst
the
drunkards
he
affirmed
himselfe
to
be
Bacchus
,
of
whome
I
doubt
whither
this
be
meet
to
be
recorded
,
(
except
because
it
is
requisite
to
know
all
things
concerning
Princes
)
that
wicked
persons
at
leaste
wise
may
decline
from
such
things
,
for
the
feare
of
an
il
report
.
In
his
pallace
hee
caused
the
Noble
Matrons
to
be
subiect
to
open
lust
.
He
first
caused
himselfe
to
be
called
Lord
,
hauing
a
crowne
set
on
his
head
.
Claudius
Tiberius
CLaudius
Tiberius
,
the
sonne
of
Drusus
,
the
brother
of
Tiberius
,
and
vncle
●
to
Caligula
,
raigned
14.
yeares
.
This
man
when
the
Senat
had
decreed
,
that
the
stocke
of
the
Caesars
should
he
rooted
out
,
lying
hid
in
a
filthy
hole
,
being
found
of
the
souldiors
,
because
he
was
timorous
and
did
seeme
tractably
milde
,
was
made
Emperor
.
He
was
subiect
vnto
drunkennesse
,
gluttony
,
and
lust
,
being
cowardly
,
and
almost
blockish
,
sluggish
,
&
fearefull
,
&
at
commaunde
of
his
free
seruants
,
and
of
his
wife
:
In
this
time
Seribonianiu
Camillus
being
made
gouernour
amongst
the
Dalmatians
,
was
foorthwith
slaine
.
The
Moores
were
expelled
from
the
prouinces
by
Caesar
,
and
the
Army
of
the
Musalamites
was
discomfited
,
out
of
the
which
,
Claudia
was
brought
to
Rome
.
This
mans
wife
Messalina
,
at
the
first
priuily
vsed
adulteries
,
but
afterwards
openly
,
as
though
she
had
done
it
by
law
or
right
:
from
the
which
fact
with
hi●
,
many
abstaining
for
feare
,
were
put
to
death
.
Afterwards
she
being
more
cruelly
stirred
vp
,
she
appointed
al
the
Noble
Virgins
and
Matrons
to
be
with
hir
,
after
the
maner
of
Whores
,
and
many
men
were
constrained
that
they
should
be
present
.
But
if
any
man
did
abhorre
such
filthy
deeds
,
this
crime
being
set
vpon
him
,
he
was
punished
on
himselfe
,
and
all
his
familye
,
that
he
might
rather
seeme
to
be
a
subiect
to
the
Emperor
her
husband
,
then
to
one
that
was
married
vnto
the
Emperor
:
so
his
free
seruantes
hauing
gotten
the
highest
authoritye
,
defiled
all
thinges
with
their
Whoredomes
,
banisnments
,
slaughter
,
and
prescriptions
.
Of
whome
hee
made
Faelix
gouernor
of
the
Legions
of
Iudea
.
He
gaue
for
a
gift
vnto
Possidius
the
Eunuch
excellent
Weapons
,
as
a
partner
of
the
victory
,
amongest
the
most
valiant
of
his
souldiors
after
the
triumph
of
Britanny
,
hee
caused
Polibus
,
to
go
in
the
midst
of
the
consuls
.
Narcissus
did
excell
all
these
for
his
Epistles
,
carrying
him●else
his
maisters
maister
:
Pallas
being
honoured
with
the
robes
of
a
Pretor
,
was
grown
so
exceeding
rich
,
that
it
was
most
pleasantly
noysed
abroad
in
a
famous
speech
,
that
he
could
haue
mony
innough
,
if
he
could
be
receiued
into
society
of
his
two
free
seruants
.
In
this
mans
time
there
was
a
Phaenix
seene
in
Egipt
,
which
bird
men
say
did
fly
out
of
Arabia
in
the
fiue
hundred
yeare
to
certaine
memorable
places
,
and
suddenly
an
Island
was
drowned
with
the
Aegean●ca
.
This
man
married
Agrippina
,
the
daughter
of
his
own
brother
Germanicus
,
who
procured
the
Empire
to
her
son
,
&
first
killed
her
sonne
in
Law
,
by
diuers
kinds
of
treson
,
&
afterwards
her
husband
himself
with
poison
.
He
liued
threescore
and
foure
yeares
,
whose
Funerall
was
(
as
it
was
sometimes
done
by
Tarquinius
Priscus
)
a
long
time
concealed
,
whilest
that
his
keepers
being
corrupted
by
the
craft
of
the
Woman
●ained
him
to
be
sicke
,
in
the
meane
time
,
his
sonne
in
law
Nero
tooke
vpon
him
the
Empire
.
Domitian
Nero.
Domitius
Nero
,
begotten
of
his
father
Domitius
Aenobarbus
,
and
his
mother
Agrippina
,
raigned
thirteene
yeares
.
This
man
for
the
space
of
fiue
yeares
seemed
tollerable
,
whereupon
some
report
that
the
Emperor
Traian
was
wont
to
say
.
That
all
Princes
do
sarre
differ
from
the
fiue
yeares
of
Nero.
He
builded
in
the
citty
an
Amphitheater
,
and
certaine
Banes.
He
brought
Pontus
into
the
order
of
a
prouince
,
by
the
permitting
of
Polemon
Regulus
,
of
whom
it
was
called
Domus
of
Polemon
:
and
the
same
thing
did
Cottius
to
the
Alpes
,
their
king
Cottius
being
dead
,
he
lead
the
rest
of
his
li●e
with
such
dishonesty
,
that
it
would
shame
any
one
to
re●earse
the
like
things
.
He
went
onwards
in
his
wickednesse
so
far
,
that
the
spared
neither
his
owne
,
nor
others
modesty
,
last
of
all
being
cl●d
after
the
manner
of
Virgins
ready
to
Marrie
,
the
Senate
being
openly
called
together
,
and
a
doury
being
bidden
,
he
was
maried
to
all
men
comming
thither
,
as
it
had
been
to
a
feast
,
●nd
being
couered
with
the
skin
of
a
wilde
beast
,
shewed
his
pri●ities
to
both
sexes
.
Hee
defiled
his
mother
with
incestuous
fornication
,
whom
he
afterwards
he
put
to
death
.
He
married
Octauia
and
Sabina
,
by
s●r-name
Poppea
,
their
husbandes
being
slaine
.
Then
Galba
a
far
of
in
Spaine
,
and
C.
Iulius
tooke
away
the
Empire
.
Assoone
as
Nero
had
vnderstood
of
Galbaes
comming
,
and
that
it
was
ordained
by
the
senteuce
of
the
Senat
,
that
his
neck
being
put
within
a
〈◊〉
after
the
maner
of
his
ancestours
,
he
should
be
whipped
to
death
with
roddes
.
he
being
for●aken
on
euery
side
,
and
going
forth
of
the
citty
at
midnight
Pbaon
Epaphroditus
,
Nephitus
,
and
Sporus
the
Euunuch
following
him
,
whom
s●mtimes
Nero
had
assaied
to
turne
into
a
woman
,
being
gelded
,
he
thrust
himselfe
thorough
with
a
sword
,
the
filthy
Euunuch
Sporus
,
of
whom
we
haue
spoken
,
helping
his
trembling
had
when
truly
before
none
being
found
of
●
hom
he
might
be
striken
he
cried
out
,
Is
it
so
that
I
haue
neither
friend
,
nor
enemy
?
I
haue
liued
dishonorably
,
&
shall
die
more
dishonorably
.
He
died
the
thirty
two
year
of
his
age
:
the
Drusians
so
greatly
loued
this
man
,
that
they
sent
Ambassadors
requiring
leaue
to
build
a
monument
for
him
:
But
all
the
prouincesand
Rome
so
reioyced
for
his
d●ath
,
that
the
people
being
clad
with
the
cappes
of
slaues
set
at
liberty
,
tryumphed
,
as
though
they
had
beene
deliuered
from
a
cruell
Maister
Sergius
Galba
.
GAlba
sprung
of
the
Noble
stock
of
the
Sulpitij
,
raigned
7.
monthes
,
and
seuen
daies
.
This
man
being
infamous
in
his
youth
,
was
intemperat
in
his
meat
,
he
ordered
althings
after
the
counsell
of
his
frends
,
(
Viz
)
lunius
,
Cornelius
&
Caelius
:
so
that
in
his
pallace
,
and
likewise
amongst
the
common
people
,
that
were
called
his
Poedagogi
or
instructors
.
He
before
he
tooke
vpon
him
the
Empire
,
hee
gouerned
many
prouinces
excellently
well
,
handling
his
souldiors
most
seuerely
,
so
that
assoon
as
he
had
entred
the
tents
,
it
was
straightwaies
spoken
abrod
.
O
my
souldiors
learn
to
Warre
,
Galba
is
not
Getulicus
.
When
he
had
liued
seuenty
3-years
.
He
being
couered
with
a
breast-plate
,
whilst
he
endeuoreth
to
pacifie
,
the
Legions
,
stirred
vp
with
the
sedition
of
Oth●
,
was
slaine
at
the
Lake
Crutius
.
Otho
Siluius
SYluius
Otho
borne
of
Noble
auncestors
,
out
of
the
towne
Ferentinum
,
raigned
foure
months
,
dishonest
in
all
his
life
,
especially
in
his
youth
.
This
man
being
ouercome
of
Vitellius
first
at
Placentia
,
and
afterward
at
Labina
,
he
thrust
himselfe
through
with
his
sword
,
in
the
thirty
seauen
yeare
of
his
age
.
He
was
so
beloued
of
his
owne
Souldiers
,
that
many
of
them
hauing
seene
his
body
slew
themselues
with
their
owne
hands
.
Aulus
vitellius
.
VYtellius
borne
of
a
Noble
famile
,
whose
father
was
Lucius
Vitellius
the
third
cousull
,
raigned
eight
months
.
This
man
was
cruell
in
his
minde
,
conctous
,
and
also
prodigall
.
In
his
time
,
Vespasianus
tooke
away
the
gouerement
in
the
East
:
of
whose
Souldiers
he
was
ouercome
in
a
skirmish
made
vnder
the
walles
of
the
citty
,
and
Vitellius
being
brought
forth
of
the
P●llace
where
he
had
hid
himselfe
,
his
hands
being
bound
behind
his
backe
,
hee
was
lead
about
for
a
spectable
to
the
common
people
.
But
the
impudent
man
,
in
the
extreamest
of
the
evils
that
he
had
done
,
would
not
hang
downe
his
head
for
shame
,
for
a
sword
was
put
vnder
his
chin
,
he
being
halfe
naked
,
many
casting
durt
,
and
other
more
filthy
excrements
in
his
face
,
was
lead
by
the
Gemoniae
scal●
,
where
he
had
caused
Sabinus
the
brother
of
Vespasyan
to
bee
slaine
,
and
being
there
wounded
with
many
strokes
died
.
He
liued
fifty
seauen
yeares
.
All
those
Emperours
whom
I
haue
breefely
spoken
off
,
especially
the
stock
of
the
Caesars
,
were
of
such
learning
and
cloquence
,
that
vnlesse
they
had
too
much
abounded
with
al
vices
,
(
except
Augustus
)
truely
they
shoulde
haue
suffered
immoderat
dishonour
.
Vespasian
.
VEspasian
raigned
ten
yeares
.
Amongst
other
vertues
of
this
man
;
this
one
was
notable
,
to
forget
discention
:
so
that
he
maried
to
a
most
honorable
man
,
the
daughter
of
his
enimy
Vitellius
,
being
most
largely
endoured
.
He
patiently
indured
the
insurrections
of
his
friends
,
answering
with
sporting
speeches
,
to
their
reproches
,
for
he
was
a
most
plesant
prince
,
and
when
Licinius
Mucianus
presuming
ouermuch
of
his
merites
,
because
by
his
aide
the
Emperor
obtained
the
Empire
,
he
altered
that
opinion
,
by
vsing
one
that
was
samiliar
to
them
both
,
saying
onely
to
him
,
you
know
I
am
a
man
.
But
what
woonder
is
it
that
he
did
so
to
his
friends
,
since
hee
also
despised
the
oblique
sayings
of
Lawiers
,
and
the
reproch
of
Philosophers
.
This
man
in
a
short
time
refreshed
the
whole
world
,
being
a
long
time
as
it
were
without
life
,
and
wearied
.
For
at
the
first
he
turned
the
guarders
of
Tyranny
,
vnlesse
those
which
had
gone
on
farre
more
cruelly
,
then
to
ex●inguish
them
being
vexed
,
thinking
very
wisely
that
wicked
deeds
are
restrained
through
fear
.
Moreouer
he
abolished
many
vices
,
in
admonishing
them
by
most
iust
lawes
,
and
which
is
more
vehement
,
the
example
of
his
own
life
.
He
being
neuerthelesse
,
(
as
some
thinke
)
couetous
:
albeit
it
is
manifest
enough
,
that
through
want
of
money
,
and
the
destruction
of
the
citties
,
he
sought
after
new
pesions
of
●●ibutes
,
neuer
obtained
.
This
man
repaired
Rome
,
being
deformed
with
old
burning●●
,
and
r●ins
,
leaue
being
granted
to
those
that
would
build
the
houses
again
,
if
that
maisters
of
them
shoulde
be
wanting
,
he
also
repaired
the
Capitall
,
the
Temple
of
the
Goddesse
Pax
,
and
the
monumentes
of
Claudius
;
and
builded
many
new
monuments
through
al
the
Lands
,
where
the
right
of
the
Romains
lay
,
and
the
citties
were
renewed
with
excellent
trimming
,
and
the
streetes
were
fortisied
with
great
labor
.
Then
the
Mountaines
by
Flaminia
were
made
hollow
,
for
an
easie
and
readie
passing
down
,
which
is
commonly
called
the
rock
Pertusla
.
A
thousande
Nations
being
inuaded
togither
,
whome
he
had
hardly
found
two
hundred
,
the
most
part
being
extinguished
throgh
the
cruelty
of
the
tyrants
.
Vologeles
●
king
of
the
Parthians
,
was
constrained
through
feare
onely
to
make
peace
:
Syria
or
Palesthina
,
and
Caramania
,
Tracheta
,
and
Comagene
,
which
to
this
day
we
call
Augustophratenses
,
were
added
to
the
Rom●in
prouinces
.
Also
the
Iewes
were
conioyned
with
them
.
His
frends
admonishing
him
that
he
shold
beware
of
Metius
Pomposianus
,
of
whom
there
was
speech
he
would
be
Emperor
,
made
him
Consull
,
iesting
at
such
a
sentence
.
Sometimes
he
will
bee
min●full
of
so
great
a
benefit
.
He
gouerned
all
his
Empire
vnder
an
vniforme
order
.
He
watched
in
the
night
time
,
and
his
matters
of
state
being
performed
,
he
suffered
his
friends
to
come
vnto
him
,
putting
on
his
buskins
whilst
he
is
saluted
,
and
his
princelie
robes
.
But
what
thing
soeuer
had
hapned
after
his
affaires
were
heard
,
he
excercised
himselfe
with
carrying
burthens
,
afterwards
he
rested
:
last
of
all
as
soon
as
he
had
washed
,
he
desired
his
meat
with
a
better
stomack
,
the
loue
of
this
good
Emperor
,
caused
me
to
speake
more
thinges
of
him
,
whome
the
Romaine-Commonwealth
,
for
the
space
of
six
and
fifty
yeares
,
after
the
death
of
August
us
being
at
the
last
breathe
,
through
the
cruelty
of
the
tyrants
,
enioyed
,
as
by
a
certaine
destiny
,
that
it
might
not
vtterly
fall
to
decay
.
He
liuing
seuenty
years
lacking
but
one
,
ioyning
sports
,
or
iests
,
with
his
earnest
affaires
,
wherin
he
was
delighted
,
died
.
For
assoone
as
a
blazing-starre
with
long
haires
appeared
.
This
saith
he
pertaineth
to
the
king
of
the
Persians
,
who
hath
the
long
haire
.
Afterwards
he
being
weary
with
glutting
of
his
belly
,
and
rising
from
his
bed
,
saide
,
it
becommeth
a
florishing
Emp.
to
leaue
the
worlde
without
feare
or
trembling
.
Titus
.
TItus
called
also
Vespasian
after
the
name
of
his
father
,
borne
of
his
mother
Domicilla
a
free-woman
,
raigned
two
yeares
,
and
two
months
,
and
twenty
daies
.
This
man
from
a
child
most
diligenly
applied
himselfe
,
to
the
excellent
studies
of
virtue
,
military
discipline
,
and
learning
,
which
he
euedently
shewed
forth
by
the
g●ifts
of
his
minde
,
and
body
.
This
man
when
he
tooke
on
him
the
care
of
his
countrey
,
it
is
inceadible
how
far
he
excelled
those
whom
he
did
imitate
,
especially
in
clemency
,
liberality
,
dignity
,
and
in
despising
of
mony
;
all
which
were
so
much
the
more
esteemed
in
him
because
many
thought
,
that
he
being
discended
of
one
that
was
a
priuat
man
,
would
be
more
eruell
towards
priuat
men
,
and
also
luxurions
and
couetous
.
For
hee
hauing
gotten
the
office
of
the
Praetorship
in
the
raign
of
his
father
,
oppressed
as
conuicted
of
some
crime
,
euery
one
supported
and
set
against
him
,
certaine
being
sent
,
who
casting
out
enuious
railings
through
the
Theaters
,
and
the
tents
,
desired
that
they
might
bee
punished
.
Amongst
whom
he
commaunded
●●cinna
being
at
supper
who
had
borne
the
office
of
the
consulship
,
and
being
scarce
gone
from
the
table
to
be
slaine
,
for
suspition
of
defiling
his
wife
Berenices
.
But
all
men
tooke
grieuously
his
bralles
that
hee
reuenged
in
the
time
of
his
father
,
and
also
that
hee
was
couetous
of
spoiles
.
Whereupon
all
men
both
saide
and
thought
that
Nero
had
againe
gotten
the
Empire
.
But
these
things
sallyng
out
otherwise
,
got
him
such
an
immortall
glory
,
that
he
was
called
the
delights
and
loue
of
mankind
.
Finally
assoon
as
he
had
taken
on
him
the
affaires
of
the
Empire
,
he
commaunded
Beronices
hoping
for
his
marriage
,
to
return
home
,
and
all
the
companies
of
gelded
persons
to
depart
:
which
shewed
a
token
of
his
intemperance
being
chaunged
.
Moreouer
since
that
,
what
thinges
were
giuen
or
graunted
of
former
Princes
,
their
fac●●ders
in
the
Empire
were
woont
to
confirme
,
he
of
his
free
will
confirmed
and
granted
such
things
to
the
possessors
thereof
,
assoon
●he
had
gotten
the
Empire
.
Also
on
a
certain
day
,
he
calling
to
mind
,
that
he
had
giuen
nothing
to
any
one
,
he
straight
wayes
crieth
out
,
with
a
reuerend
,
and
hea●enly
saying
,
O
my
friends
we
haue
lost
the
day
,
because
he
was
of
a
magnificent
liberality
.
And
he
was
of
so
great
clemency
and
mercye
,
that
when
two
men
of
gret
honor
had
conspired
against
him
,
neither
could
deny
their
in●●nded
treason
,
he
first
admonished
them
afterwards
they
being
brought
it
into
an
open
place
,
he
biddeth
both
of
them
to
sit
by
each
side
of
him
,
and
a
sword
being
reached
by
the
industry
of
the
M●●illiaus
,
whose
sights
were
seene
,
as
it
were
to
make
a
battel
,
he
commited
the
same
to
one
and
afterwards
to
the
other
:
wherewith
the
beholders
being
stricken
,
and
wondering
at
his
constancie
he
said
,
See
you
not
that
power
is
giuen
to
the
destinies
,
and
that
it
is
in
vayne
to
assay
a
wicked
deede
for
hope
of
bringing
the
same
to
passe
,
or
for
●eare
o●
loosing
the
same
.
Moreouer
he
oftentimes
requested
with
weeping
eyes
,
his
brother
Domitian
preparing
treasons
,
and
seeking
after
the
goodwils
of
the
souldiors
,
that
he
would
seeke
to
get
that
as
a
paracide
,
which
should
come
vnto
him
,
with
his
owne
will
,
since
that
he
was
a
partner
of
the
Empire
.
In
this
mans
time
the
Mountaine
Vesunius
in
Campania
began
to
burn
and
there
was
a
burning
at
Rome
for
three
dayes
both
day
and
night
:
and
also
as
great
a
plague
as
euer
had
bin
before
.
With
the
which
misery
many
being
vexed
,
he
bought
al
kinds
of
remedies
,
with
his
owne
money
:
sometimes
comforting
the
sicke
in
his
owne
person
,
and
sometimes
such
as
were
afflicted
with
the
deaths
of
their
Friends
.
He
liued
41.
yeares
,
and
dyed
of
an
Ague
in
the
same
country
,
amongst
the
Sa●ines
where
his
Father
died
.
It
can
hardly
bee
beleeued
,
how
great
a
mourning
this
mans
death
brought
to
the
citty
,
and
the
prouinces
,
so
that
they
calling
him
as
we
haue
sayde
,
their
publicke
delights
,
bewailed
him
as
if
the
whole
world
had
bene
depriued
of
a
continuall
preseruer
.
Domitianus
.
DOmitianus
the
sonne
of
Domicilla
a
free-woman
,
and
the
brother
of
Titus
,
raigned
xv
.
yeares
.
This
man
at
the
first
fained
clemency
,
neither
to
be
so
cowardly
as
he
was
,
seemed
more
tollerable
both
in
the
time
of
peace
and
warre
:
therefore
he
vanquished
the
Cattians
and
the
Germans
,
and
made
most
iust
Lawes
.
He
builded
many
houses
in
Rome
,
eyther
begun
afore
,
or
from
the
foundations
:
He
repaired
the
bookes
which
were
consumed
with
burning
,
copies
being
sent
for
euery
where
,
especially
from
Alexandria
.
He
was
so
skilful
an
Archer
,
that
he
would
shoot
his
arrowes
betwix
:
the
fingers
of
a
mans
hand
being
stretched
out
a
farre
off
.
Afterwards
he
waxing
cruel
through
murders
,
began
to
punish
good
men
,
and
after
the
manner
of
Caligula
,
he
constrained
men
to
call
him
Lord
,
and
God
,
and
all
tokens
of
honor
.
Being
ridicolously
left
off
,
he
followed
swarmes
of
flies
:
he
raged
in
lust
,
the
filthy
excercise
wherof
,
the
Graecians
euer
named
Clinopalen
.
Whereupon
it
was
aunswered
to
one
,
demaunding
whether
any
one
was
in
the
Pallace
,
Not
a
fly
,
With
these
his
cruelties
,
and
especially
with
the
iniury
of
his
words
,
wherein
he
was
grieued
to
be
called
a
Whoremonger
,
Anthony
being
stirred
vp
,
hauing
the
gouernment
of
the
higher
Germ●ny
,
took
away
the
Empire
.
Who
being
slaine
in
a
battell
by
Normannus
Appius
,
Domitianus
waxing
farre
more
cruell
against
all
kindes
of
men
raged
euen
against
his
owne
friendes
,
after
the
manner
of
brute
beasts
.
Coccius
Nerua
.
HItherto
such
as
were
borne
in
Rome
or
through
Italy
,
gouerned
the
Empire
,
from
hence
strangers
.
Whereupon
it
is
gathered
that
the
Citty
of
Rome
hath
encreased
through
the
vertue
of
strangers
.
For
who
was
more
wise
,
or
moderate
then
Nerua
?
Who
more
deuine
then
Traian
?
Who
more
excellent
then
Adrian
?
Cocceus
Nerua
,
was
borne
in
the
towne
of
Neruia
,
Raigned
twelue
months
ten
daies
.
This
man
when
he
tooke
on
him
the
Empire
,
forthwith
there
was
a
rumor
,
that
Domitian
liued
,
for
which
cause
he
was
so
affraid
,
that
his
countenance
being
changed
,
and
his
voice
being
lost
,
he
was
scant
able
to
stand
:
but
he
being
encouraged
by
Perthenius
,
&
fresn
confidence
being
taken
,
he
returned
to
his
accustomed
mildenesse
.
Who
being
ioyfully
receiued
of
the
whole
Senat
,
Arrius
Antoninus
alone
of
al
men
(
being
a
stout
man
and
most
friendly
to
him
,
wisely
obseruing
the
estate
of
those
that
beare
rule
)
embraced
him
;
saying
,
that
he
greatly
reioyced
for
the
Senat
,
the
people
,
and
also
the
prouinces
;
but
for
himselfe
nothing
at
all
:
For
whom
,
it
was
better
alwaies
to
sport
at
euill
Princes
,
then
that
one
sustaining
the
waight
of
so
great
a
burthen
,
should
be
subiect
not
onely
to
troubles
and
dangers
,
but
also
to
the
report
of
all
enemies
,
and
friends
,
who
since
they
presume
that
they
deserue
all
things
,
if
they
haue
extorted
any
thing
,
are
more
cruell
then
very
enemyes
themselues
.
This
man
pardoned
&
forgaue
,
whatsoeuer
had
beene
added
to
his
trib●●s
vnder
the
name
of
penalties
:
he
released
the
afflicted
citties
:
he
commaunded
that
Boyes
and
Girles
borne
of
poore
parents
,
should
bee
brought
vppe
through
Italy
at
the
cost
of
the
whole
common-wealth
.
This
man
to
the
intent
he
might
not
be
terrified
by
the
accesse
of
ill-willers
,
is
so
admonished
by
the
saying
of
Mauritius
a
constant
man
,
who
being
familiar
with
him
at
supper
,
when
he
saw
to
be
present
Vetentones
who
had
beene
Consul
,
notwithstanding
had
persecuted
many
with
Domitian
with
secret
obiections
,
amongest
their
talke
mention
being
made
of
Catulus
,
a
great
brauler
,
Nerua
sayd
,
What
would
he
haue
don
now
if
he
had
liued
with
Domitian
?
he
would
saied
Mauritius
haue
supt
with
vs
.
This
Nerua
a
very
often
and
most
skilfull
taker
away
of
discords
,
He
remoued
Calphurnius
Crassus
to
Tarentam
with
his
wife
,
temting
the
goodwils
of
the
Souldiers
with
great
promises
,
the
Senators
blaming
his
ouermuch
linity
,
and
when
the
murtherers
of
Domitian
were
required
to
bee
put
to
death
,
he
took
so
great
griese
thereupon
in
his
minde
,
that
hee
could
not
avoid
vomite
,
nor
the
violence
of
his
belly
,
also
he
vehemently
withstood
the
same
;
saying
that
it
was
better
to
dye
,
then
to
defile
the
authority
of
the
Empire
,
the
authors
being
b●trayed
in
taking
the
power
.
But
the
Souldiers
,
letting
alone
their
Prince
,
they
killed
Petronius
,
with
one
stroke
,
but
Perthenius
his
members
were
first
cut
off
and
cast
in
his
face
:
Gasperius
being
redeemed
with
great
costs
,
who
being
more
insolent
in
so
cruell
a
wickednesse
,
constrained
Nerua
to
giue
thankes
to
his
Souldiers
before
the
people
,
bycause
they
had
taken
away
the
worst
,
and
most
wicked
of
all
men
.
This
man
adopted
Traian
in
the
place
of
a
sonne
,
and
for
parte
of
the
Empire
:
with
whom
he
liued
three
months
:
who
on
a
certain
night
waxing
angry
when
he
cried
out
agninst
on
Regulus
with
a
very
loud
voice
,
he
was
taken
away
with
sweate
.
The
same
day
wherein
he
died
there
was
an
eclipse
of
the
Sunne
.
VLpius
Traianus
borne
in
the
citty
Tody
,
was
called
Vlpius
of
his
Grandfather
,
Traianus
of
Traius
the
first
of
his
Mothers
stock
,
or
else
so
called
after
the
name
of
his
father
Traianus
,
&
he
raigned
20.
years
.
This
man
shewed
himselfe
such
an
one
to
the
commonwealth
,
as
the
wonderfull
wits
of
most
excellent
authors
were
hardly
able
to
expresse
.
This
man
tooke
on
the
Empire
at
Agrippina
,
a
Noble
Colony
of
France
,
vsing
diligence
in
warlike
affaires
,
lenity
in
ciuill
affayres
,
and
liberality
in
helping
the
citties
.
And
seeing
there
are
two
things
which
are
desired
of
excellent
Princes
,
Deuotenesse
at
home
,
valor
in
Warre
,
and
wisedome
on
both
sides
,
there
was
so
great
a
quantity
of
the
Noblest
gifts
in
him
,
that
he
seemed
to
be
mingled
with
a
certaine
temperature
of
vertue
,
but
for
that
he
was
a
little
giuen
to
meat
,
and
wine
:
he
was
liberal
towards
his
friends
,
and
to
vse
their
societies
,
as
equall
vnto
them
in
estate
of
life
.
This
man
in
the
honor
of
Sura
,
by
whose
industry
he
had
gotten
the
Empire
,
builded
certaine
Banes.
Of
whom
it
seemed
vaine
to
endeuor
to
declare
al
things
particularly
,
since
that
it
was
sufficient
to
haue
spoken
of
him
;
for
he
was
patyent
of
trauel
,
studious
of
euery
best
thing
,
and
warlike
,
and
dyd
loue
more
,
more
simple
wittes
,
or
most
learned
;
although
himselfe
was
of
smal
knowledge
,
and
a
little
eloquent
.
But
aswel
an
inuentor
of
Iustice
,
and
of
new
,
humain
,
and
Diuine
right
,
as
an
obseruer
of
auncient
.
Al
which
seemed
so
much
the
greater
,
because
the
Romaine
estate
,
being
as
it
were
clean
destroyed
and
cast
to
the
ground
by
many
and
cruel
tyrants
,
he
was
thoght
to
haue
bene
fitly
sent
by
the
diuine
prouidence
for
a
remedy
of
so
great
miseries
,
euen
for
that
many
wonders
did
foreshew
his
comming
into
the
Empire
:
Amongst
which
an
especial
one
,
that
a
Crow
spake
from
the
toppe
of
the
capitol
in
the
Athenian
tongue
,
Kalos
estai
.
The
ashes
of
this
mans
body
being
burned
wer
broght
to
Rome
,
and
buried
vnder
hys
piller
in
the
toomb
of
Traian
,
and
his
Image
being
layd
on
him
,
as
those
that
tryumph
are
wont
to
do
,
was
caried
into
the
citry
,
the
senat
&
the
army
going
before
the
same
.
At
that
time
the
ryuer
Tyber
oueflowed
much
more
perniciously
then
in
the
raigne
of
Nerua
,
with
a
great
destruction
of
houses
and
a
grieuous
Earthquake
,
and
a
cruel
pestilence
,
and
famine
,
and
burnings
,
were
made
throgh
many
prouinces
.
Al
which
Traian
very
much
helped
by
exquisit
remedies
:
ordaining
that
no
house
should
be
higher
then
threescore
foot
,
by
reason
of
the
easie
downfals
,
and
the
great
charges
to
repaire
them
if
any
such
things
should
happen
.
Wherefore
he
was
worthily
called
a
Father
of
his
country
.
He
lyued
sixty
foure
yeares
.
Aelius
Adrianus
.
Aelius
Adrianus
of
the
Italian
race
,
being
a
cozen
to
Traian
the
Prince
,
was
borne
at
Adria
,
which
town
standing
in
the
country
of
Pua
gaue
name
to
the
Adriatique
sea
.
He
raigned
12.
years
.
He
was
deuoutly
affected
to
the
Greek
toong
,
and
was
for
that
cause
termed
in
derision
Graeculus
.
He
augmented
al
the
Athenian
studies
,
not
only
with
his
Poetry
,
but
with
al
other
sciences
of
singing
,
playing
,
and
phisick
,
geometry
,
painting
,
&
liming
,
and
next
to
the
Policleti
&
Euphranorae
.
He
exceled
in
works
of
brasse
and
Marble
,
insomuch
as
one
wold
haue
thoght
he
had
bin
made
for
these
only
purposes
,
for
neuer
had
humain
affaires
such
an
exquisite
curious
elegancy
,
as
by
the
work
of
his
hands
:
&
yet
would
he
remember
(
which
is
incredible
)
sundry
businesse
,
diuers
places
,
souldiors
,
men
absent
,
&
the
different
names
of
many
,
making
the
greatest
labors
of
wit
,
the
ordinary
exercises
of
his
life
;
for
when
with
his
own
legs
he
had
gon
throgh
al
the
prouinces
,
and
peruerting
the
flock
of
his
followers
,
increased
sundry
orders
,
when
he
had
restored
al
the
villages
,
raising
into
the
hundreds
of
the
Legions
,
&
military
Garrisons
,
both
smiths
,
enginers
,
carpenters
,
and
al
other
necessary
artificers
,
for
the
building
of
the
wals
or
for
the
adorning
of
them
.
He
was
an
absolute
and
most
sufficient
arbitrator
,
being
as
it
were
borne
to
iudg
of
vice
and
vertue
,
gouerning
his
own
affections
with
great
skil
,
and
craftily
couered
his
insolent
,
enuious
,
fullen
and
●●●ton
disposition
,
in
the
ostentation
of
himselfe
.
He
counterfetted
chastity
,
〈◊〉
and
clemency
,
and
on
the
contrarye
closely
carried
his
ambition
,
wherewith
he
was
wholy
infla●●ed
.
He
was
ingenious
,
either
prouoking
other
to
answere
,
of
else
himselfe
,
both
in
iestes
earnest
,
and
tauntinges
:
giuing
verse
for
verse
,
and
sentence
for
sentence
extemporally
,
in
such
sort
as
if
he
had
studied
or
meditated
for
all
that
hee
spake
.
His
wife
Sabina
was
by
seruile
and
base
iniuries
,
constra●ned
to
〈◊〉
selfe
,
who
did
openly
boast
,
what
an
inhumaine
disposition
of
her
husband●
she
had
indured
,
and
therefore
she
had
laboured
that
the
ruine
of
mankind
should
not
be
conceiued
or
begotten
by
him
.
When
he
had
long
satisfied
a
disease
vnder
his
skin
(
as
it
were
with
pleasure
)
at
the
last
ouercome
wyth
paine
in
his
impatiency
,
slue
many
of
the
Senatours
.
Hauing
gotten
many
gifts
from
diuers
kings
desirous
of
peace
,
he
publickely
gloried
that
he
had
woon
more
with
ease
,
then
other
had
done
by
armes
.
He
so
established
the
pvblick
Offices
both
of
the
Court
&
wars
,
that
they
so
remain
to
this
day
,
onely
a
●ew
of
them
being
changed
by
Constantine
.
He
liued
Lx
and
2.
yea●●
and
then
being
consumed
by
a
griuous
torture
of
al
his
members
,
insomuch
as
he
o●●ered
himself
to
the
dearest
of
his
seruants
,
●●ying
them
to
kill
him
.
But
he
was
safely
kept
by
his
friends
from
doing
violence
to
himselfe
,
and
afterward
died
miserably
.
Anthoninus
Pyus
.
ANthoninus
first
called
Fuluius
and
Boionius
and
afterward
surnamed
Pyus
,
raigned
23.
yeares
,
being
the
son
in
law
to
Adrian
,
and
his
adopted
son
,
shewed
so
much
goodnes
in
his
raign
,
that
he
liued
without
al
example
no
man
euer
paragonizing
him
,
and
might
bee
compared
to
Numa
,
for
he
ruled
the
whole
world
23.
yeares
,
by
his
owne
authority
without
al
watre
,
so
that
al
princes
,
states
,
and
people
stood
in
awe
of
him
,
&
yet
louing
him
withall
,
that
they
rather
held
him
for
their
father
and
patron
,
then
their
Lord
and
Emperor
,
and
all
of
them
with
one
consent
,
desired
his
determination
of
all
their
controuersies
,
wishing
for
the
same
as
for
the
fauour
of
the
heauens
.
The
Bactrians
,
Indians
,
and
Hireanians
,
vpon
proofe
of
the
iustice
of
such
an
Emperor
,
sent
Am.
vnto
him
,
who
adorned
his
actions
with
beauty
and
pleasantnes
of
his
person
,
being
both
tall
and
valiant
.
His
manner
was
before
he
went
forth
of
his
chamber
to
salute
any
man
,
to
eat
a
morsell
of
bread
,
least
by
the
cooling
of
the
blood
about
his
inward
parts
,
he
might
be
ouermuch
weakned
,
&
by
that
meanes
be
any
way
disabled
from
execution
of
publike
affaires
,
which
with
increadable
diligence
he
executed
like
an
absolute
good
housholder
:
being
void
of
ambitious
praise
or
vaine
ostentation
.
He
was
so
meeke
and
gentle
,
that
wh●
the
Senators
earnestly
perswaded
him
to
prosecute
them
which
had
conspired
against
him
:
hee
answered
their
question
;
saying
,
that
it
was
not
needefull
to
search
them
out
narrowly
which
were
guilty
of
such
wickednes
against
his
person
,
for
if
they
should
be
many
in
number
,
he
wel
vnderstood
that
hee
should
procure
the
more
hatred
.
When
he
had
raigned
23.
yeares
thorough
a
feauer
he
died
,
12.
Miles
from
Rome
,
at
a
towne
of
his
owne
,
called
Lorium
:
for
whose
honor
there
were
Temples
erected
,
priests
ordained
,
and
infinite
emblatures
of
his
praises
decreed
;
for
his
meekenes
was
such
,
that
when
on
a
time
the
Roman
people
for
want
of
corne
would
haue
stoned
him
,
hee
rather
chose
to
satisfie
them
by
reason
then
to
reuenge
that
indignity
.
MArcus
Antoninus
raigned
18.
yeares
,
who
liued
a
sincere
maintainer
of
vertue
and
of
all
good
disposition
,
being
a
protector
of
the
world
in
all
common
calamities
,
and
truely
if
hee
had
not
beene
borne
at
that
time
,
all
the
glory
of
the
Roman
Empire
had
beene
vtterly
crushed
with
one
fal
.
For
in
his
gouernment
there
raged
warre
in
the
East
,
Illirya
,
Italy
,
&
France
,
such
earthquakes
were
felt
as
did
ouerthrow
Citties
:
with
inundation
of
wate●s
,
often
pestilence
,
and
swarmes
of
locusts
deuouring
the
greene
fields
,
so
that
his
time
was
oppressed
with
almost
all
annoyances
,
wherewith●ll
mankind
is
vsually
plagued
:
so
that
I
thinke
it
was
giuen
from
heauen
,
that
when
nature
did
hatch
such
euils
as
were
vnknowne
of
to
the
whole
wo●ld
,
th●n
should
the
counsels
of
such
vpright
princes
giue
remedy
,
and
aswage
the
misery
.
This
prince
made
Antoninus
Verus
his
kinsman
partaker
of
the
Empire
,
by
a
new
kind
of
boneuolence
,
the
which
Verus
afterward
as
he
trauailed
betwixt
Altinum
&
Concordia
,
died
of
an
Apoplexey
,
in
the
xi
.
year
of
his
raign
,
being
before
time
of
a
sharp
and
wanton
disposition
,
yet
very
studious
in
poetry
.
After
his
death
M
Antoninus
raigned
alone
,
being
from
his
infancy
a
quiet
spirited
man
,
for
it
was
obserued
that
neither
ioy
nor
sorrow
,
did
euer
make
him
change
his
countenance
:
gi●ing
himselfe
to
Philosophy
,
being
exquisitly
learned
in
the
Gracyan
language
.
He
permitted
the
noble
men
&
his
owne
seruants
to
vse
the
same
manner
of
behauiour
and
attendance
at
their
banquets
,
which
hee
himselfe
accustomed
.
When
the
coffers
of
his
treasury
were
empty
,
and
he
had
not
wherewithall
to
paye
his
Souldiers
,
being
not
willing
to
raise
any
taxe
vpon
the
Princes
or
the
Senat
,
in
the
open
Market
of
Traianus
set
to
sale
for
the
space
of
two
months
togither
,
al
the
princely
hangings
,
golden
and
christaline
,
Myrrhi●e
vessels
and
pottes
,
his
owne
and
his
wiues
silkes
,
and
garments
of
cloth
and
gold
,
and
many
chaines
and
other
ornaments
of
pearle
and
precious
stones
.
Whereby
he
gathered
togither
an
exceeding
Masse
of
gold
.
And
after
the
victory
obtained
,
he
gaue
the
buiers
there
mony
againe
,
so
many
as
would
redeliuer
their
seuerall
bargains
,
being
not
offended
with
any
one
,
that
would
not
part
with
that
which
they
had
once
bought
.
In
his
time
Cassius
the
Tyrant
was
put
to
death
.
In
the
59.
yeare
of
his
life
he
died
of
a
disease
at
Bendobona
,
and
when
newes
there
of
was
brought
to
Rome
,
the
whole
citty
most
lamentably
mourned
for
him
,
the
Senat
themselues
sitting
in
loathsome
garments
conuened
with
teares
,
and
that
which
was
scarce
beleeued
of
Romulus
,
euery
man
with
one
consent
presumed
publiquely
,
that
Marcus
was
receiued
into
heauen
,
for
whose
honor
they
builded
Temples
,
Columes
,
and
many
other
Monuments
.
Commodus
AVrelius
Commodus
the
sonne
of
Antoninus
,
called
also
Antoninus
,
raigned
13.
yeares
,
by
whose
first
entry
it
was
coniectured
what
an
Emperor
hee
would
proue
,
for
being
warned
by
his
father
on
his
death-bed
,
that
hee
should
not
suffer
the
Barbarians
to
grow
in
strength
;
answered
enigmatically
,
that
men
in
safety
of
health
may
doe
some
actions
by
leasure
,
but
of
dead
men
nothing
can
be
expected
.
He
was
more
giuen
to
lust
,
auarice
and
cruelty
then
any
man
,
keeping
promise
with
none
,
being
most
fierce
against
them
,
whom
before
he
had
called
to
honor
,
or
giuen
rewards
vnto
,
being
so
highly
depra●ed
that
he
would
oftentimes
in
the
Theater
combate
with
fensers
,
or
sword-plaiers
weapons
,
Martia
a
singular
beautifull
whoore
with
whom
he
was
wholy
,
enamoured
,
as
he
came
out
of
a
bath
gaue
him
a
cup
of
empoysoned
drinke
,
and
at
the
last
in
the
two
and
thirty
yeare
of
his
age
,
there
was
sent
vnto
him
a
valiant
and
most
strange
wrastler
,
who
held
his
chappes
so
fast
togither
that
he
died
.
Heluius
Partinax
HEluius
Partinax
raigned
85.
daies
,
who
against
his
will
was
forced
to
be
Emperor
,
&
for
that
cause
was
sur-named
Partinax
.
He
was
of
a
meane
and
base
parentage
,
and
from
the
gouernment
of
the
citty
was
he
aduanced
to
the
Empire
of
the
world
:
at
the
last
in
the
67.
yeare
of
his
life
,
after
many
wounds
were
giuen
him
,
he
was
beheaded
by
the
conspiracy
of
Iulian
,
and
his
head
was
carried
●bout
the
whole
citty
,
&
by
this
manner
of
death
was
that
man
(
an
example
of
humaine
frailty
)
after
intollerable
labours
,
consumed
so
that
he
was
prouerbially
termed
the
bal
offortune
.
For
his
father
being
a
libertine
among
the
Ligurians
in
the
miery
countrey
of
Lolium
Gentianum
,
whose
vassall
euen
in
the
time
of
his
perfectureship
hee
freely
confessed
himselfe
to
be
.
He
was
a
schoolemaister
of
the
grammer
,
more
affable
,
then
profitable
,
for
which
cause
the
Grecians
called
him
Chreslologus
,
he
neuer
reuenged
wrong
but
loued
al
simplicity
,
making
himselfe
open
and
common
to
all
people
both
at
table
,
conference
,
and
walking
.
Being
dead
,
they
decreed
that
he
should
be
called
Diuus
a
Saint
,
or
man
deified
,
in
whose
praise
with
publik
acclamation
redobled
vntill
they
were
able
to
speake
no
more
,
this
people
proclamed
this
commendation
.
While
Partinax
raigned
we
liued
in
security
,
we
feared
no
man
.
To
the
Godly
father
,
to
the
father
of
the
Senate
,
to
the
father
of
all
good
men
.
Didius
Iulianus
.
DIdius
Iulianus
being
a
Millanois
raigned
seuen
months
,
he
was
a
Noble
man
,
and
an
excellent
Lawyer
,
but
factious
,
rash
,
and
ambitious
of
rule
.
In
that
time
Nigier
Pesceninus
at
Antioche
,
and
Septimius
Seuerus
in
Pannonia
Sabaria
,
were
both
created
Augusti
.
By
this
Seuerus
was
Iulianus
,
led
into
the
secret
bathes
of
the
Pallace
,
and
his
necke
being
first
stretched
forth
after
the
manner
of
the
condemned
,
his
head
was
there
striken
off
,
and
afterward
set
vp
in
the
court
of
pleading
.
Septimius
Seuerus
.
SEptimius
Seuerus
raigned
18.
yeares
,
and
first
killed
the
filthy
beast
Pescenninus
,
and
then
Albinus
at
Lavis
because
he
made
himselfe
Emperor
,
and
left
his
sonnes
Bassyanvs
and
Geta
his
successors
.
He
made
a
wall
in
great
Brittayne
,
crosse
the
land
from
sea
to
Sea
,
containing
at
the
least
32.
M.
paces
in
length
.
He
was
the
least
Souldier
of
all
the
Emperors
that
euer
were
before
him
,
quick
of
conccit
,
constant
in
al
purposes
vntil
he
had
accomplished
them
,
and
where
he
inclined
to
fauour
,
he
did
it
with
a
wonderfull
and
perpetuall
grace
,
being
diligent
to
seeke
out
secrets
,
and
liberall
in
his
rewards
.
He
was
alike
vehement
towards
his
friends
and
enemies
,
for
hee
inriched
Lateranus
Chilo
and
Amilynus
Bassvs
,
and
in
the
chiefe
and
memorable
houses
of
the
Parthyans
,
and
the
Lateranes
.
He
permitted
no
man
in
his
dominion
to
sell
honors
,
he
was
sufficiently
well
instructed
in
the
latine
,
but
more
eloquent
in
the
Affrick
tongue
,
for
he
was
borne
at
Liptis
in
Affrica
.
Being
not
able
to
endure
the
extreamety
of
paine
in
al
the
members
of
his
body
,
especially
in
his
feete
,
in
stead
of
poison
which
hee
was
denied
,
he
fed
vpon
in
greedy
maner
such
a
quantity
of
grosse
and
heauy
meate
,
which
he
not
being
able
to
disgest
,
did
bring
him
into
a
crudity
or
surfet
,
and
so
died
in
the
20.
yeare
of
of
his
age
.
Antoninus
Caracalla
.
AVrelius
Antoninus
,
Bassianus
Caracalla
the
sonne
of
Seuerus
,
was
borne
at
Lions
,
and
raigned
alone
sixe
yeares
,
he
was
called
Bassianus
after
the
name
of
his
mothers
father
.
And
when
he
had
brought
a
large
garment
out
of
France
,
and
made
thereby
their
Caracalla
hanging
downe
to
the
ankles
,
he
constrained
the
people
to
salute
and
welcome
him
home
,
araied
in
that
garment
,
wherupon
he
was
called
caracalla
.
He
killed
his
brother
Geta
,
for
which
cause
vengeance
followed
him
and
hee
fell
madde
,
of
which
he
was
afterward
recouered
.
When
once
he
saw
the
body
of
Alexander
the
great
,
he
commaunded
that
his
followers
should
cal
him
great
Alexander
,
and
by
flatterers
he
was
brought
to
this
passe
,
that
he
walked
with
a
dreadfu●l
face
,
his
necke
bending
to
his
left
shoulder
,
looke
what
he
had
obserued
in
the
countenance
of
Alexander
,
the
same
he
firmely
perswaded
himselfe
that
his
vysag
:
was
of
like
proportion
and
g●ace
.
He
was
giuen
to
lost
,
and
ther●fore
married
his
mother
in
law
.
When
hee
iourneied
to
Carris
,
being
at
Edissa
,
r●ady
to
doe
the
wo●ke
of
nature
in
the
easement
of
his
body
,
h●
was
sl●ine
by
a
S●●l●ier
,
who
followed
him
as
if
he
had
beene
one
of
his
guarde
.
He
liued
about
th●●ty
yeares
,
and
afterward
his
corps
was
brought
to
Rome
.
Opilius
Macrinus
and
Diadumenus
.
MAcrinus
and
his
sonne
Diadumenus
were
made
Emperors
by
the
Souldiers
,
and
raigned
but
14.
months
.
A
●erward
they
were
by
the
same
Souldiers
both
beheaded
,
bycause
M.
crinus
did
seeke
the
abat●ment
of
their
stipends
,
and
labored
to
represse
their
●●ot
and
luxury
.
Aurelius
Heltogabalus
.
AVrelius
Antoninus
Varius
,
was
also
c●ll●d
Heliogabalus
,
the
sonne
of
Caracalla
by
his
Cozen
Semea
begotten
in
adolte●y
,
raigned
two
yeares
and
eight
month●
;
and
the
old
Bassianus
,
Graund-father
to
his
mother
Semea
,
was
a
priest
of
Iupiter
,
or
as
some
say
of
the
Sunne
.
W●en
the
saied
Heltogabalus
cam
to
Rome
with
great
expectation
of
s●ldiers
,
he
dishonored
himself
&
incurred
the
reproches
of
all
sorts
.
when
by
th●
d●fect
of
nature
and
age
hee
was
not
able
to
tast
of
lustfull
pleasure
,
turning
vnto
h●mselfe
,
he
commaunded
men
to
cal
him
by
the
name
of
Bassiana
a
woman
,
in
sted
of
B●ssianus
a
man
He
sac●ificed
himselfe
to
the
great
moth●r
by
cutting
of
his
pr●uy
parts
,
hauing
first
of
all
married
with
a
Vestall
vergin
.
He
made
Marcellus
(
who
was
afterward
c●lled
Alexander
)
his
fellow-Emperor
,
and
was
slaine
in
a
tumult
of
the
S●uldiers
,
whose
b●dy
was
by
a
Souldier
drawen
thorough
all
the
streets
of
Rome
,
lik●
the
c●●c●s●e
of
a
dog
,
with
a
millitary
proclamation
,
saying
:
The
wh●lp●
of
vntamed
and
rau●ning
lust
.
At
last
when
the
q●antity
of
his
bodye
was
greater
then
would
enter
into
the
stoole
of
a
priuy
,
wherein
it
should
haue
b●ene
bu●●●d
,
they
d●●w
it
to
Tiber
,
binding
it
to
an
heauy
waight
,
and
so
cast
i●
into
the
Ryuer
,
that
it
might
ne●er
rise
vp
againe
for
mortall
men
to
behold
.
H●
liued
b●t
16.
yeares
,
and
for
these
thinges
called
Tibarnius
,
and
Tractitius
.
Seuerus
Alexander
.
SEuerus
Alexander
raigned
13.
yeares
,
being
a
waster
of
the
Goods
of
the
Common-wealth
,
and
in
his
time
Taurinus
was
made
Augustus
,
who
for
fear
cast
himselfe
into
the
riuer
Euphrater
.
At
that
time
Maxim●nus
tooke
on
him
the
Empire
,
corrup●●ng
many
of
the
Souldiers
,
but
when
Alexander
saw
himselfe
fo●saken
of
his
followers
,
he
cried
out
vpon
his
mother
,
as
the
cause
of
his
death
,
and
so
off●red
his
necke
with
great
confidence
to
the
hangman
to
be
striken
off
,
in
the
26.
yeare
of
his
age
.
His
mother
Mammoea
br●ught
her
sonne
to
that
passe
,
that
if
any
thing
r●mained
vnto●●hed
at
the
tabl●
or
at
dinner
,
were
it
neuer
so
small
,
she
her selfe
reserued
it
till
anothe●
banquet
.
Iulius
Maximinus
.
IVlius
Maximinus
a
Thracian
and
a
military
man
,
gouerned
11.
yeares
,
who
while
he
persecuted
the
coiners
of
money
,
killing
both
the
guilty
&
guiltlesse
,
was
torne
in
pieces
at
Aquileia
in
a
sedition
of
the
Souldiors
,
togyther
with
his
son
,
the
souldiors
making
proclamation
in
a
iest
,
Of
a
bad
kinde
keepe
not
a
Whelpe
.
Vnder
his
gouernment
Gordianus
the
Father
,
and
Gordianus
the
sonne
,
one
after
another
tooke
vpon
them
the
Empire
,
and
one
after
another
perished
;
and
in
like
sort
,
Pupianus
and
Balbinus
affecting
the
principality
,
came
to
confusion
.
Gordianus
.
GOrdianus
the
graund-child
of
Gordianus
by
his
Mother
,
borne
at
Rome
,
and
sonne
of
a
Noble
father
,
ruled
six
yeares
,
and
was
slaine
at
Ctesiphon
in
a
sedition
of
the
souldiors
by
Phillippus
the
gouernor
of
the
pallace
in
the
xx
.
yeare
of
his
raigne
,
and
his
body
being
buried
in
the
confines
of
the
Romaines
and
the
Persian
Empire
gaue
a
name
to
the
place
,
which
was
for
that
cause
called
Sepulchrum
Gordiam
.
Phillippus
.
MArchus
Iulius
Phillip
.
ruled
5.
years
,
was
slain
at
Verona
by
the
soldiors
,
his
head
being
cut
asunder
in
the
middle
aboue
his
teeth
,
and
his
son
Gallus
Iulius
Saturninus
being
about
12.
yeare
old
was
slaine
at
Rome
,
hauing
bene
of
such
a
melancholy
and
sullen
disposition
,
that
by
no
sport
or
merriment
,
he
could
neuer
be
moued
to
laughter
after
he
was
5.
years
old
,
and
seeing
his
father
tickled
with
laughter
in
certain
secular
games
,
althogh
he
was
but
a
child
,
yet
did
he
turne
away
his
face
.
This
Phillip
was
borne
of
meane
parents
,
his
father
hauing
bene
a
captaine
or
leader
of
robbers
.
Decius
.
DEcius
borne
in
Pannonia
Bubalia
,
raigned
xxx
.
monthes
,
and
made
his
sonne
Caesar
:
he
was
a
man
well
earned
in
al
the
Artes
,
deuoted
to
vertue
,
pleasaunt
and
familiar
at
home
,
and
apt
to
all
kinde
of
Armes
.
He
was
drowned
among
many
other
in
a
gulfe
vpon
the
coasts
of
Barbary
,
and
his
body
could
neuer
more
be
found
.
His
sonne
was
slaine
in
warres
.
He
lived
fifty
yeares
.
In
his
time
was
Valens
Lucinianus
made
Emperor
.
Virius
Gallus
.
VIrius
Gallus
with
his
sonne
Volusio
ruled
11.
yeares
,
in
their
time
the
senat
created
Hostilianus
Pepenna
Emperor
,
who
shortly
after
died
of
the
pestilence
.
Also
in
their
time
was
Aemilianus
created
Emperour
in
Moesia
,
against
whom
both
the
father
and
the
sonne
went
with
an
Army
,
and
by
their
owne
souldiors
were
both
slaine
at
Iatcramna
,
the
father
being
seauen
and
forty
yeares
old
,
and
they
were
made
Emperors
in
the
Island
Menyngis
now
called
Girba
,
&
Aemilianus
was
slain
at
Spolitum
or
Pontus
,
which
for
that
occasion
was
called
Sanguinarius
,
being
in
equall
distaunce
be●wixt
Ocriculum
Marina
,
and
the
citty
of
Rome
.
He
was
by
kindred
a
Moore
,
a
valiant
souldior
and
not
temerarious
71.
years
.
Licinius
Valerianus
.
LYcinius
Valerianus
sur-named
Colobus
,
ruled
15.
yeares
,
being
of
Noble
parentage
,
but
a
solide
and
blockish
man
,
neuer
borne
or
qualified
for
any
publick
place
,
either
in
counsell
or
action
.
He
made
his
sonne
Galianus
,
Augustns
,
and
Cornelius
Valerianus
his
sons
son
,
Caesar.
While
all
these
raigned
Regilianus
in
Moesia
,
Cassius
Labianus
Posthumus
in
Gallia
(
Cornelius
being
slaine
)
were
made
Emperors
.
In
like
sort
Aelianus
at
Moguntia
.
Aemilianus
in
Egypt
,
Valeryus
in
Macedonya
,
&
Aurelius
at
Millayn
,
inuaded
the
Emperiall
title
.
But
while
Valerianus
,
Warred
in
Mesopotamia
,
he
was
taken
by
Sapores
the
king
of
Persia
,
and
serued
him
among
the
Parthyans
in
base
seruitude
,
for
as
long
as
he
liued
the
king
set
his
foote
vppon
his
necke
when
he
mounted
on
horsebacke
.
Gallienus
.
GAllienvs
substituted
in
the
place
of
his
son
Cornelyvs
Salonyanvs
,
hys
other
sonne
being
adicted
to
the
inconstant
loue
of
harlots
Salonyna
,
and
Pipa
.
The
which
Salonina
he
colord
vnder
marriage
,
hir
father
the
King
of
the
Marcomanni
,
g●aunting
vnto
him
one
part
of
Pannonia
superior
by
couenant
.
At
the
last
,
he
went
against
Avreolvs
whome
he
besiedged
at
Pontvs
and
obtained
it
,
being
for
that
cause
called
Avreolvs
,
and
he
also
besieged
Myllain
;
but
by
a
deuise
of
Aureolvs
,
he
was
slaine
of
his
own
souldiors
.
After
he
had
raigned
15.
yeares
,
seuen
with
his
father
,
and
8.
alone
,
and
he
ilved
50.
yeares
.
Clavdyvs
.
CLavdyus
ruled
11.
yeares
.
This
Clavdyus
some
are
of
opinion
that
hee
was
the
sonne
of
Gordianvs
,
while
he
was
taught
by
Lycensa
that
graue
Matron
.
He
was
appointed
Emperor
by
the
will
of
Galerius
being
ready
to
die
,
vnto
whom
by
Gallonius
Basilyvs
,
he
sent
the
Emperiall
robes
to
Tycim
.
Avreolvs
being
slaine
by
his
owne
company
,
he
receiued
the
gouern
ment
of
those
countries
,
and
fighting
against
the
Almanes
,
not
far
from
the
lake
of
Benacvm
,
he
ouerthrew
more
then
half
the
multitude
of
his
enemies
.
In
tho●e
dayes
Victorivs
was
madek
.
And
when
Clavdyvs
vnderstood
by
the
books
of
the
destinies
which
he
commaunded
to
be
looked
into
,
that
some
principall
man
of
the
Senate
must
die
,
and
Pomponivs
Bessus
(
who
was
then
present
)
offering
himselfe
to
that
purpose
,
he
without
admitting
any
contradiction
gaue
his
life
for
the
good
of
the
commonwealth
,
with
protestation
that
no
man
of
that
order
could
be
the
principal
but
the
Emperor
.
Whych
thing
so
pleased
euery
one
,
that
he
was
not
onely
honoured
with
the
title
of
Diuus
a
saint
,
but
also
they
made
him
a
statue
of
gold
and
set
it
neer
to
the
Image
of
Iupiter
,
and
the
Magistrats
or
peeres
did
likewise
erect
in
the
court
for
his
remembrance
a
golden
Image
.
Quintilius
.
QVintilius
was
the
successor
of
this
man
who
held
the
Empire
but
verie
few
dayes
and
then
was
slayne
.
Aurelianus
.
AVrelianus
borne
of
meane
patentage
,
and
as
some
say
his
father
was
a
Colone
or
tenant
to
the
famous
Senat
Aurelius
betwixt
D●cia
and
Macedonia
,
he
raignd
fi●e
years
and
was
not
vnlike
to
Alexander
the
great
,
or
to
Caesar
the
Dictator
,
for
he
receiued
the
Citty
of
Rome
,
and
deliuered
it
from
hir
opposites
within
three
yeares
,
whereas
Alexander
by
great
victories
trauelled
13.
yeares
,
before
he
came
into
India
.
Caesar
spent
ten
yeares
in
ouercomming
Gallia
,
and
4.
yeares
in
vanquishing
the
Romaines
.
Thys
man
did
obtain
three
seuerall
battels
in
Italy
,
at
Placentia
neere
the
riuer
M●taurus
,
at
the
chappell
of
Fortune
,
and
in
the
fieldes
of
Ticim
.
In
this
time
Septimius
was
proclaimed
Emperor
among
the
Dalmatians
,
but
he
was
presently
beheaded
by
his
own
people
.
When
the
coiners
or
monyers
in
his
time
rebelled
,
he
repressed
them
,
sparing
no
cruelty
.
He
was
the
first
man
among
the
Romains
which
did
wear
a
crowne
on
his
head
,
and
also
vsed
garments
of
gold
,
and
precious
stones
,
which
before
that
time
the
Romaines
were
not
acquainted
withall
.
He
compassed
about
the
citty
with
stronger
and
larger
wals
then
before
,
and
commaunded
the
people
to
eate
swines
flesh
,
and
aduanced
T●tr●cius
to
bee
the
prouost
of
Lucania
,
who
before
that
time
had
bin
declared
Emperor
by
the
Souldiors
in
Gallia
,
telling
him
merrily
that
it
was
more
Noble
for
him
to
rule
some
part
of
Italy
,
then
to
be
a
king
beyond
the
Alpes
.
At
the
last
one
of
his
seruants
hauing
deceiptfully
set
downe
the
names
of
his
●riends
and
military
men
,
and
co●nterfetted
Emperour
,
made
as
though
hee
me●t
to
kill
them
;
the
which
he
secretly
conueyed
to
them
,
they
vpon
sigh●
therof
,
thinking
to
preuent
the
worst
,
slue
him
in
his
iourney
betwixt
Hir.
clia
and
Constantinople
.
He
was
a
crvell
and
bloody
man
,
dreadful
at
all
times
,
&
a
murtherer
of
his
own
sisters
son
,
after
his
death
there
was
no
Emperor
in
seuen
moneths
.
Tacitus
.
AFter
him
Tacitus
receiued
the
Empire
,
being
a
man
wel
disposed
,
who
when
he
had
ruled
but
two
hundred
dayes
,
dyed
of
a
Feauer
at
Tarsus
.
Florianus
.
FLorianus
succeeded
him
,
but
when
the
greatest
part
of
the
Army
of
hors
men
had
chosen
Probus
who
was
very
expert
in
warfare
,
Florianus
hauing
as
it
were
in
sport
swayed
the
Empire
but
60.
dayes
,
by
cutting
&
launcing
his
owne
vaines
,
out
of
which
his
blood
yss●ed
aboundantly
,
hee
consumed
himselfe
.
Probus
.
PRobus
was
borne
of
a
Father
,
who
was
a
husbandman
and
a
Gouernor
,
of
the
blood
of
the
Dalmatians
,
he
raigned
6.
yeares
.
He
ouercame
Saturninus
in
the
East
,
and
Proculus
and
Bonosus
made
Emperours
at
Colen
.
He
permitted
the
Gaules
and
the
Pannonians
to
haue
Vines
,
and
by
the
hands
of
his
souldiors
he
planted
the
hill
of
Almus
at
Syrmius
,
and
Aureus
in
vpper
Moesia
with
vines
,
and
was
afrerwarde
slaine
in
Sirmius
in
h●●
tower
inclosed
with
yron
.
Carus
.
CArus
was
borne
in
Narbon
,
and
raigned
xii
.
yeares
.
He
presently
created
Carinus
and
Numerianus
Caesars
,
and
by
a
thunder
bolt
was
slaine
at
Ct●siphon
.
His
son
Numerianus
being
taken
with
a
pain
in
his
eyes
,
and
carried
up
and
down
in
a
little
couch
,
was
slain
by
treachery
,
at
the
instigation
of
his
father
in
law
Aper
.
And
when
his
death
was
by
deceit
concealed
,
till
Aper
shoulde
get
strength
to
inuade
the
Empyre
,
at
the
last
the
treason
was
discouered
by
the
stinke
of
the
dead
corps
.
Wherupon
Sabinus
Iulianus
attempted
to
be
Empe.
but
Carinus
slue
him
in
the
fields
of
Verona
.
This
Carinus
wanted
no
faults
,
&
caused
honest
innocent
men
to
be
put
to
death
vp
on
his
own
false
inuented
crimes
,
he
defiled
the
mariage
bed
of
Noblemen
,
&
he
punished
his
felow-scholers
,
who
taxed
him
in
the
auditory
for
not
obseruing
his
word
.
And
last
of
al
he
was
slaine
by
the
right-hand
of
Tribunus
whose
wife
he
had
rauished
.
Diocletianus
.
DYocletian
a
Dalmatian
made
a
free-manne
by
Amelinus
the
senator
,
his
mothers
name
and
the
name
of
the
town
o●
hys
birth
was
Dioclea
,
by
reason
of
that
,
vntil
he
was
made
Emp.
he
was
called
Diocles
,
&
being
made
the
head
of
the
world
,
he
changed
his
Graecian
name
into
a
Roman
,
&
raigned
25.
yeares
.
He
made
Maximianus
Augustus
,
and
created
Constantinus
and
Galerius
s●rnamed
Armamentarius
,
Caesars
.
Giving
Constantinus
to
wife
Theodora
the
daughter
in
law
of
Herculius
Maximianus
,
putting
away
his
former
wife
.
In
this
time
wer
proclaimed
Em.
Carausuis
in
Gallia
,
Achilleus
in
Egipt
,
Iulianus
in
Italy
.
but
they
al
perished
with
seueral
destructions
.
Among
whom
Iulianus
hauing
a
dagger
throgh
his
ribs
,
threw
himself
into
the
fire
.
But
Diocletian
gaue
vp
the
empire
of
his
own
acord
at
N●comedia
,
&
so
spent
his
old
age
in
his
own
priuat
possessions
,
who
being
afterward
moued
by
Hirculius
and
Galerius
to
take
vnto
him
the
Empire
again
,
like
a
man
flying
som
great
euil
,
he
answered
in
this
sort
.
I
wold
god
you
could
go
to
Salon
to
see
the
Oliuetrees
,
I
h●ue
planted
with
my
own
hands
,
then
wold
you
neuer
tempt
to
this
action
.
He
liued
68.
years
,
wherin
he
spent
9.
in
priuate
estate
.
He
dyed
(
as
was
manifest
)
by
a
voluntary
feare
.
For
when
he
was
called
by
Constantinus
and
Iaciuius
to
their
mariage
feasts
,
he
excused
himself
,
that
by
reason
of
his
age
he
could
not
be
pres●t
they
wrote
back
again
to
him
thretning
letters
,
wherin
he
was
charged
to
fauor
Maximinus
and
to
haue
shewed
fauor
to
Maxentivs
,
wherupon
fearing
some
shameful
death
,
he
poysond
himself
.
In
his
time
Constantius
the
father
of
Constantine
,
and
Armamentarius
were
commonly
called
C●sars
.
When
Seuervs
for
Italy
,
and
the
sisters
son
of
Maximinus
Galireu●
for
the
East
at
the
same
time
was
Constantinus
also
made
Caesar.
Maxentius
in
a
village
six
Miles
from
Rome
,
in
the
way
to
Lavicanum
was
made
Emperour
,
afterwarde
I●icinius
,
and
in
like
manner
Alexander
at
carthage
.
And
so
also
was
Vale●s
created
Emperour
.
But
Seuerus
was
slayne
by
Hercvlius
Maximinus
at
Rome
in
a
Tauerne
,
and
his
corpes
was
then
putte
into
the
sepulchre
of
Galerius
distant
from
Rome
,
by
the
way
of
Apius
about
twelue
Miles
.
Galerius
Maximianus
.
GAlerius
Maximianus
died
by
reason
his
priuy
parts
consumed
,
Maximianus
Herculius
was
besiedged
by
Constantine
at
Massilia
,
and
there
taken
,
and
by
him
put
to
death
,
and
Alexander
was
strangled
in
a
halter
by
the
army
of
Constantine
.
Maxentius
when
he
was
to
fight
against
Constantine
,
hauing
made
a
bridge
with
boates
a
little
aboue
the
bridge
Milinus
,
while
he
hastned
into
one
side
thereof
on
horsebake
,
he
with
his
horse
fell
into
the
Riuer
,
and
there
perished
,
and
by
the
waight
of
his
breastplate
he
he
didde
●inke
so
deepe
into
the
mudde
,
that
his
body
could
scarce
bee
found
againe
.
Maximianus
died
an
ordinary
deth
at
Tarsus
.
Vallus
was
put
to
death
by
Licinius
.
Now
these
were
their
manners
and
conditions
.
Herculius
Maximianus
was
cruell
by
nature
,
giuen
to
filthy
lust
,
and
foolish
in
counsell
,
being
borne
in
the
wilde
part
of
Pannonia
,
for
there
is
a
place
not
farre
from
Syr●ius
where
now
standeth
a
pallace
,
wherein
the
parents
of
Herculius
exercised
Mercenary
labor
.
He
died
in
the
60.
yeare
of
his
age
,
hauing
bene
Emperor
20.
yeares
.
He
begat
vpon
Eutropia
the
Sirian
woman
,
Maxentius
&
Fausta
the
wife
of
Constantine
,
to
whose
father
Constantius
he
gaue
his
daughter
in
law
Theodora
.
But
some
say
,
that
Maxentius
by
the
cunning
of
a
woman
,
was
brought
from
another
place
by
cause
she
knew
that
it
would
be
most
acceptable
to
her
husband
to
haue
a
sonne
,
whereas
indeede
hee
was
not
the
sonne
,
of
Maximianus
,
and
therefore
she
did
that
,
to
keepe
fast
the
minde
and
loue
of
her
husband
.
That
Maximianus
was
neuer
beloued
of
any
,
nether
of
his
owne
father
,
nor
of
his
father
in
law
Galerius
.
Galerius
Armamentarius
.
THis
Galerius
was
a
landable
man
,
of
a
beautifull
body
and
a
happy
Souldier
,
but
of
indifferent
iustice
:
his
parents
were
countrey
people
and
keepers
of
heards
,
from
whence
he
had
his
name
Armamentarius
.
Hee
was
borne
in
Dacia
Ripa
,
and
there
buried
:
the
which
place
they
call
Romulia
,
and
after
the
name
of
his
mother
Romula
.
This
man
in
his
insolency
would
affi●me
,
that
his
mother
was
gotten
with
child
by
a
Draggon
,
when
shee
conceiued
him
,
as
was
Olimpias
the
mother
of
great
Alexander
.
Galerius
Maximinus
.
GAlerius
Maximinus
before
hee
was
proclaimed
Emperor
was
called
Daza
,
and
was
the
sisters
sonne
of
Armamentarius
.
He
was
Caesar
foure
yeares
,
and
Augustus
3
yeares
in
the
East
.
By
his
birth
and
education
a
pastoral
man
,
but
yet
a
louer
and
fauorer
of
al
wise
,
vertuous
,
and
learned
men
:
of
a
quiet
disposition
,
but
greedy
of
Wine
,
whereby
in
his
drunkennesse
hee
commaunded
many
vnlawful
things
,
whereof
he
afterward
repented
,
and
gaue
this
charge
to
all
his
followers
that
they
should
not
execute
his
desires
except
he
was
sober
,
or
had
commaunded
in
the
morning
.
Alexander
.
ALexander
was
by
birth
a
Phrigian
,
feareful
in
his
disposition
,
and
by
reason
of
his
old
age
not
fit
to
labour
,
so
that
all
these
last
before
rehearsed
being
consumed
some
one
way
,
some
another
,
the
imperiall
rights
descended
to
Constantinus
and
Licinius
.
Constantinus
.
COnstantinus
the
sonne
of
Constantius
,
the
Emperor
and
Helena
raigned
30.
yeares
.
He
being
a
youth
was
a
pledge
in
the
citty
of
Rome
vnder
Galerius
for
Religion
,
fled
away
and
to
avoide
them
that
pursued
him
to
take
him
,
slew
all
the
common
beastes
he
met
by
the
way
,
and
so
came
to
his
father
into
Britannia
,
and
so
it
happened
that
at
that
time
Constantius
his
father
died
.
After
whose
death
,
by
the
consent
of
all
his
present
friends
,
especially
Erocus
King
of
Alemanes
,
who
accompanied
his
father
constantius
,
he
tooke
vpon
him
the
Empire
.
He
married
his
sister
constantia
to
Licinius
at
Millane
,
and
made
Caesars
his
sonne
crispus
,
borne
by
Mineruina
his
concubin
,
and
constantius
his
sonne
of
the
same
age
,
&
Licinius
the
son
of
Licinius
being
twenty
months
olde
.
But
as
Empires
do
hardly
continue
in
concord
,
so
there
arose
dissention
betwixt
Licinius
and
constantinus
,
and
first
of
all
constantine
,
fell
vpon
the
Army
of
Licinius
at
Cibalae
in
the
night
time
,
neer
to
the
lake
Hiulca
,
whereupon
Lycinius
fled
to
Bizantium
and
there
created
Martinianus
caesar
.
Afterward
constantine
hauing
a
stronger
army
,
constrained
Licinius
to
offer
vp
his
imperiall
gowne
by
the
hands
of
his
wife
,
vpon
condition
of
his
owne
life
.
Then
was
he
sent
to
Thessalonica
,
and
not
long
after
,
both
he
and
Martinianus
were
strangled
.
Licinius
being
60.
yeares
old
,
and
had
raigned
14.
yeares
,
being
of
infinite
auarice
,
subiect
to
venery
,
very
sharp
,
and
not
a
little
impatient
.
He
was
a
great
enemy
to
learning
,
especially
foraine
studies
,
calling
it
thorough
his
ignorance
a
poyson
and
publike
Pestilence
.
He
was
well
affected
to
husbandry
and
poor
rusticks
,
because
he
was
norished
among
such
people
:
a
good
obseruer
of
Martiall
discspline
,
and
most
superstitious
in
the
institutions
of
former
ages
.
He
was
a
diligent
repressor
of
Eunuches
and
Courtiers
,
calling
them
,
the
mothes
and
frettes
of
the
Pallace
.
Constantine
hauing
thus
gotten
the
whole
Empire
,
being
happy
in
gouernment
,
and
prosperous
in
the
Warres
,
by
the
instigation
(
as
it
is
thought
)
of
his
wife
Fausta
,
put
his
sonne
crispus
to
death
.
Afterward
he
being
blamed
by
his
mother
Helena
sor
that
action
,
caused
his
saide
wife
Fausta
to
be
killed
in
a
scalding
bathe
.
He
was
aboue
measure
desirous
of
praise
,
and
finding
the
name
of
Traian
written
vpon
the
walles
of
many
of
the
pallaces
,
he
called
him
a
wall-flower
.
He
built
a
bridge
ouer
Danubius
,
setting
forth
the
Emperiall
robes
with
precious
stones
,
and
wearing
a
diade
me
continually
.
He
was
qualified
and
enabled
for
many
things
,
taking
away
calumniations
by
sharp
lawes
,
nourishing
a
good
leters
,
arts
,
and
learning
.
He
himselfe
would
read
,
write
,
hear
Ambastages
,
and
the
complaints
of
the
prouinces
.
He
made
his
own
sonnes
and
Dalmatius
his
brothers
soone
,
Caesars
,
and
liued
71.
yeares
,
raigning
almost
halfe
of
them
alone
,
13.
yeares
and
so
died
of
a
natural
disease
,
being
more
giuen
to
derision
then
to
affabilaty
.
Whereupon
it
was
prouerbially
called
Tracalla
,
who
in
his
first
ten
yeares
was
excellent
,
in
his
next
twelue
yeares
a
robber
,
and
his
ten
last
yeares
a
child
and
vngouerned
puple
,
spending
immoderately
.
His
body
was
buried
in
Bizantium
which
after
his
name
was
called
Constantinople
,
after
whose
death
the
souldiers
slue
Dalmatius
:
By
which
accident
the
Romaine
Empire
was
diuided
into
three
parts
.
Betwixt
Constantinus
,
Constantius
,
and
Constans
,
his
three
Sonnes
,
Constantine
had
al
beyond
the
Alpes
,
Constantius
began
at
the
shore
of
Propontus
,
and
so
ruled
all
Asia
and
the
East
.
Constans
raigned
ouer
Italy
,
Illiricum
,
Affricke
,
Dalmatia
,
Thracia
,
Macedonia
,
and
Achata
.
Annibalianus
Constantius
and
Constans
.
ANnibalianus
the
kinsman
of
Dalmatius
Caesar
,
gouerned
Armenia
,
and
the
Nations
adioyning
to
it
.
In
the
meane
time
Constantius
and
Constans
fell
at
variaunce
about
the
right
of
Italy
.
While
that
Constantius
being
drunke
,
and
in
the
likenesse
of
a
robber
,
ranged
into
his
brothers
countrey
,
he
was
taken
and
beheaded
,
and
cast
into
the
Riuer
Alsa
,
not
far
from
Aquyliea
.
Constans
giuen
much
to
hunting
,
while
he
wandered
thorough
forrests
and
wild
Woods
,
Chrestyus
,
Marcellinus
,
and
Magnentius
,
with
some
other
millitary
men
conspired
his
death
,
who
hauing
agreed
vpon
the
day
,
Marcellinus
did
inuite
many
to
supper
as
though
he
would
celebrate
the
birth
day
of
his
sonne
.
Wherefore
the
banquet
being
late
in
the
night
Magnentius
a
rose
,
saying
that
he
would
goe
ease
his
body
,
and
then
put
on
a
venerable
habite
.
Which
when
constans
vnderstood
he
made
meanes
to
fly
away
,
but
was
ouertaken
and
slaine
by
Gayon
,
at
Halena
neere
Pyrence
,
13.
yeares
after
he
was
made
Emperor
,
for
he
was
Caesar
3.
yeares
before
,
and
so
he
liued
27.
yeares
.
He
was
a
lame
man
in
his
feete
,
and
had
the
gout
in
the
ioynts
of
his
hands
,
he
was
fortunate
,
for
the
temperance
of
the
ayre
in
his
dominion
,
for
aboundance
of
fruites
,
and
for
not
being
annoyed
with
the
Barbarians
,
which
benifites
had
beene
greater
if
he
had
aduanced
worthy
men
Lieutenants
,
and
not
sold
those
places
.
When
his
death
was
knowne
Petrainus
,
the
generall
of
the
Souldiers
,
tooke
vpon
him
the
Empire
in
Pannonia
at
Mursia
.
From
whom
Constantius
not
long
after
tooke
awaye
the
kingdome
,
who
liued
to
a
great
age
giuing
himselfe
to
all
voluptuousnesse
,
being
easie
to
be
ouertaken
with
folly
.
Constantius
.
COnstantius
made
Gallus
his
vncles
sonne
Caesar
,
marring
him
to
his
sister
Constantina
:
and
Magnensius
,
at
that
time
created
Decentius
his
kinsman
eaesar
,
Beyond
the
Alpes
,
at
which
time
Nepotianus
the
sonne
of
Eutrophia
constantinus
,
sister
,
by
the
perswasion
of
leude
persons
tooke
vpon
him
at
Rome
to
be
Emperor
,
whom
in
the
28.
day
of
his
vsurped
title
Magnentius
ouercame
.
Then
was
there
a
great
battayle
at
Mursia
,
betwixt
Constantius
and
Magnentius
,
where
Magnentius
was
ouercome
,
in
which
conslict
the
greatest
ability
of
the
Romain
Empire
,
was
almost
o
uerturned
.
After
that
Magnentius
fled
into
Italy
,
and
slue
many
of
his
persecutors
at
Thicanum
who
followed
him
audauciously
,
without
any
good
counsel
,
as
it
often
falleth
out
in
victories
.
Not
long
after
being
in
a
streight
at
Lions
,
a
piece
of
a
Wall
being
throwne
downe
vpon
him
,
by
thrusting
a
sworde
in
secret
against
it
,
Hee
was
wounded
to
death
,
continually
bleeding
at
the
nose
,
vntil
his
expiration
which
was
in
the
two
and
fiftieth
moneth
of
his
regiment
,
and
the
fiftieth
yeare
of
his
age
.
His
parents
were
of
Gallia
,
he
was
learned
and
a
good
Orator
,
but
of
a
proud
minde
,
and
immoderately
fearefull
,
yet
politicke
to
couer
that
passion
with
precepts
of
audacity
.
Decentius
when
he
heard
of
his
death
strangled
himselfe
with
a
cord
,
and
at
that
time
Gallus
Caesar
was
slaine
by
Constantius
,
in
the
4.
yeare
of
his
gouernment
.
Siluanus
.
SYluanus
being
made
Emperor
was
slaine
in
the
eight
and
twentieth
day
of
his
gouernement
.
He
was
of
a
most
pleasant
wit
(
although
he
was
deriued
of
a
Barbarous
father
)
after
that
he
had
learned
the
Romaine
manners
.
Constantius
.
COnstantius
tooke
Claudius
Iulianus
brother
of
Gallus
,
and
made
him
Caesar
.
When
he
was
twentie
and
three
yeare
olde
.
Who
in
the
champains
of
Argentoratum
in
Gallia
,
with
a
few
soldiors
slue
an
innumerable
company
of
enimies
.
They
stood
like
the
tops
of
Mountaines
while
they
were
aliue
but
being
dead
their
blood
ranne
away
from
them
like
a
riuer
.
Their
Noblek
.
Nodemarius
was
taken
.
The
Nobles
were
all
ouerthrowne
,
and
their
borders
rendred
to
the
Roman
possession
,
and
afterward
fighting
with
the
Almains
,
took
their
king
Badomarius
.
He
was
made
Emperor
by
the
souldiors
of
Gallia
,
but
Constantius
vrged
him
by
Ambassadors
,
to
leaue
off
that
honor
,
and
to
return
to
his
former
seat
and
dignity
againe
.
Iulianus
.
IVlian
affirmed
that
he
could
more
readily
giue
obedience
to
the
gentle
commaund
of
the
high
Empire
,
whereat
Constantius
greatly
offended
(
because
he
was
impatient
of
all
such
griefe
)
fell
into
a
most
sharpe
feuer
,
which
his
indignation
and
great
watching
increased
,
and
therof
he
died
in
Mopsocriue
,
at
the
soot
of
the
Mountaine
Taurus
,
in
the
foure
and
forty
yeare
of
his
age
,
and
the
nine
and
thirtieth
yeare
of
his
raigne
,
hauing
bene
Augustus
twentye
and
foure
yeares
,
whereof
with
Magnentius
and
his
owne
brothers
sixteene
yeares
,
and
eight
yeares
alone
,
and
fifteene
yeares
Caesar.
He
was
happie
in
all
ciuill
Warres
,
but
infortunate
in
forraine
,
being
woonderfullie
skilfull
in
casting
of
dartes
,
abstaining
from
all
aboundance
of
Wine
,
meate
,
and
sleepe
,
of
great
abilitie
to
labour
,
and
desirous
of
cloquence
,
which
being
not
able
to
obtaine
,
he
enuied
other
.
Hee
loued
his
Courtiers
and
Eunuches
very
dear
,
also
his
with
whom
he
liued
very
contented
,
not
turning
his
lustfull
affections
vnto
any
other
.
But
among
all
his
Wiues
he
had
loued
Eusebia
best
,
who
was
very
beautifull
,
yet
by
her
Amantiae
,
and
Gorg●niae
,
and
other
importunat
se●uices
,
she
much
blemished
the
Emp.
fame
,
contrary
to
the
custome
of
modest
women
,
whose
wholsome
precepts
doe
often
help
their
husband●
.
For
to
omit
other
,
it
is
almost
increadible
how
much
Pompeia
Platina
encreased
the
glory
of
Traian
,
whose
Task
maisters
did
complaine
vpon
their
prouinces
,
so
that
one
of
them
was
said
to
meete
with
euery
rich
man
asking
him
what
hast
thou
at
thy
Table
?
Where
hadest
thou
it
?
Deliuer
that
thou
hast
.
She
blamed
her
husband
by
cause
he
was
carelesse
of
his
own
praise
,
and
made
him
detest
such
exactions
,
so
that
he
called
his
exchequer
the
Melt
.
Which
is
it
a
bounded
al
the
resid●e
of
the
members
must
consume
,
Iasianus
hauing
thus
gotten
vnto
himselfe
the
gouernment
of
the
Romayne
Monarchy
,
being
des●●ous
of
vaine
glory
made
Warre
vpon
the
Persians
,
there
he
was
deceiued
by
a
fugitiue
sent
for
that
purpose
.
When
the
Parthyans
fell
vpon
his
Campe
on
euery
side
,
hee
Armed
with
his
shield
,
ranne
out
of
his
tents
,
and
while
hee
inconsiderately
endeno●d
to
dispose
his
forces
for
battell
,
hee
was
striken
with
a
darte
by
one
of
his
enemies
as
he
rose
from
the
ground
,
and
being
carried
into
his
tent
,
he
came
out
againe
to
encourage
his
Souldiers
to
fight
,
but
his
blood
continually
ysluing
from
him
,
hee
died
at
midnight
,
hauing
first
of
all
said
that
he
would
not
(
as
the
manner
of
others
was
)
giue
any
order
for
the
succession
in
the
Empire
,
least
that
in
the
multitude
of
his
friends
present
,
who
with
different
endeuours
sought
that
dignity
,
the
enuy
of
any
one
of
them
should
breede
some
pe●●ll
in
the
Armye
,
thorough
some
discord
or
ciuell
dissention
.
This
Prince
was
excellently
learned
and
quallified
for
great
affaires
,
and
for
that
cause
hee
gaue
great
grace
and
countenance
to
the
Phylosophers
and
wisest
men
of
Graecia
.
He
was
short
in
Sature
,
and
not
strong
,
yet
able
through
exercise
.
There
was
in
him
a
great
neglect
of
some
things
which
did
diminish
his
former
vertues
.
As
for
example
,
his
immoderat
desire
of
praise
,
his
superstitious
worship
of
the
Godds
,
and
his
peremptory
boldnes
more
then
did
become
an
Emperor
,
whose
safety
being
the
common
good
of
all
men
,
is
diligently
to
bee
prouided
at
all
times
,
but
especially
in
Warre
.
His
ardent
humor
of
glory
did
so
much
ouercome
him
,
that
he
could
not
be
diswaded
by
any
earthquake
,
or
other
presage
from
going
against
Persia
,
no
,
not
by
seeing
in
the
night
a
great
Globe
fall
downe
from
heauen
,
could
he
be
drawen
to
to
appoint
a
more
happy
time
for
that
Warre
.
Iouinianus
.
Iouinianus
was
the
sonne
of
Varronianus
,
who
dwelt
in
an
Island
of
Singidonia
belonging
to
the
Prouince
of
Pannonia
.
Hee
was
Emperor
eight
months
.
His
father
hauing
lost
many
Children
,
was
presently
admonished
in
a
dreame
,
that
the
Child
wherewithall
his
Wise
was
then
conceiued
and
ready
to
deliuer
,
should
be
called
Iouinianus
.
Hee
was
of
a
gallant
great
body
,
pleasant
in
his
wit
,
and
very
studious
.
Comming
from
Persia
to
Constantinople
in
the
middest
of
Winter
,
he
●el
into
a
crudity
of
his
stomack
and
so
oppressed
in
the
carriage
of
his
new
dignity
died
suddenly
,
neer
40.
years
of
age
.
Valentinianus
.
VAlentinianus
ruled
xi
.
yeares
,
and
almost
9.
months
:
his
father
Gratianus
,
was
meanly
borne
,
and
among
the
Cihalae
was
called
Fanartus
,
because
carrying
about
cords
to
sel
,
fiue
souldiors
could
not
take
one
of
them
from
him
by
force
:
for
that
merit
hee
was
cailed
to
be
a
souldiour
,
where
by
degrees
he
arose
to
be
the
Maister
of
the
Praetory
:
for
whose
sake
the
souldiors
bestowed
the
Empire
vpon
Valentinian
his
sonne
,
although
he
denyed
to
accept
it
.
He
made
his
cozen
Valeus
companion
of
his
Empire
,
&
afterward
his
sonne
Gratianus
,
who
being
yet
a
child
through
the
perswasion
of
his
mother
in
Law
,
and
wise
,
hee
created
Augustus
.
This
Valentinianus
was
of
a
comely
presence
,
of
a
quick
wit
,
and
most
eloquent
in
speeche
,
althogh
he
spake
seldome
.
He
was
seuere
,
vehement
,
and
an
enemy
to
vices
,
especialy
couctousnesse
,
wherof
he
was
a
sharpe
punisher
,
and
in
al
things
I
haue
related
of
him
,
he
was
most
●ik
to
A
●●rianus
.
He
remembred
his
ance●●ors
,
he
gaue
his
mind
to
new
feates
of
warre
,
hee
coulde
make
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
of
the
earth
or
clay
,
he
vsed
in
good
discretion
,
time
places
,
and
speech
.
To
conclude
,
yf
he
had
not
trusted
deceiptfull
parasite●
,
to
whome
he●
gaue
too
much
credence
,
contrary
to
the
counsell
of
his
wisest
Nobles
and
approued
friends
,
he
had
liued
and
dyed
a
peerelesse
Prince
.
In
his
time
was
F●rmus
slaine
,
who
did
attempt
the
Empire
in
Mauritania
.
Valentinian
giuing
audience
to
an
Ambassage
of
the
Guadi
at
Bergention
lost
his
voyce
,
through
a
Flux
of
blood
,
and
so
in
the
5.
and
50.
year
of
his
age
,
being
of
perfect
sence
and
memory
,
gaue
vp
the
Ghost
.
The
which
disease
some
affirme
hapned
vnto
him
through
surfet
of
meat
,
and
saturity
stretching
his
sin●wes
.
He
being
dead
,
Valentinian
his
sonne
of
foure
yeare
olde
being
with
his
mother
,
by
the
procurement
of
Equituis
and
Mcrobaudus
was
created
Emperor
.
Valeus
.
VAleus
raigned
with
his
cozen
Valentian
aforesaide
ten
yeares
and
fine
monthes
.
This
Valeus
waging
an
vnhappy
warre
with
the
Gothes
,
was
wounded
and
carried
into
a
base
cottage
,
vpon
which
the
Gothes
cam
and
set
fire
,
wherin
he
was
burnd
.
He
was
to
be
commended
in
these
things
.
First
a
good
counsellor
to
the
rich
,
in
altering
of
iudgements
iust
,
trustye
to
his
friends
,
not
angry
to
any
mans
harme
but
yet
very
●earefull
.
In
his
time
Procopius
the
Tirant
was
ouerthrowne
and
put
to
death
.
Gratianus
.
GRatianus
was
borne
at
Sirmium
and
raigned
with
his
father
Valentinian
eight
years
,
and
eighty
five
daies
with
his
vnckle
,
and
brother
three
yeares
,
with
the
same
brother
,
and
Theodosius
foure
years
,
and
with
them
all
and
Arcadius
six
months
.
This
Emperour
ouerthrew
thirty
thousande
Almans
at
Argentoratum
in
Gallia
.
When
he
vnderstood
that
the
Gothes
,
Triballians
,
the
Hunnes
,
and
Alant
the
basest
people
of
the
world
,
did
possesse
,
Thracia
and
Dacia
,
as
though
those
lands
had
bene
their
inheritance
,
so
that
by
their
meanes
the
name
of
the
Romaines
was
in
daunger
to
be
vtterly
extinct
.
He
called
for
Th●odosius
out
of
Spayne
,
and
by
the
consent
of
all
men
,
in
the
three
and
thirtieth
yeare
of
his
age
gaue
ouer
the
Empire
to
him
.
This
Gratian
was
not
meanely
learned
,
for
he
was
able
to
make
an
artificiall
verse
,
speak
eloquenly
,
and
to
open
a
co●trouersie
like
a
perfect
Orator
.
Day
and
night
he
meditated
on
death
.
His
greatest
pleasure
was
to
beleeue
the
diuine
law
,
and
to
attaine
those
things
which
he
had
therein
destinated
to
himselfe
,
for
he
was
a
conquerour
of
lust
,
pleasures
,
and
delicates
.
And
he
had
bin
good
to
all
,
if
he
had
giuen
his
mind
to
sway
the
common-wealth
,
wherein
he
was
defectiue
both
in
knowledge
to
rule
,
or
inclination
to
learne
that
faculty
.
For
when
he
neglected
the
Army
,
and
preserred
a
few
hyreling
Alanes
,
be●ore
the
auncient
Romain
souldiors
,
and
became
a
companion
and
friend
to
the
Barbarians
,
so
that
he
would
trauell
in
their
habite
,
he
drew
vpon
him
the
hatred
of
the
souldiors
.
In
his
time
Maximius
,
which
rebelled
in
Britannia
,
came
into
Gallia
,
and
was
there
receyued
by
those
Legyons
which
were
discontented
with
Gratian
,
and
so
put
him
to
slight
,
wherin
he
dyed
after
he
had
lyued
onely
28.
yeares
.
Theodosius
.
Honorius
was
the
father
of
Theodosius
,
his
mother
was
Thermantia
a
Sp●niard
,
discended
from
the
Emperor
Traian
.
Hee
was
made
Emp.
by
Gratian
the
Emp.
at
Sirmium
,
and
ruled
the
world
27.
years
:
and
men
say
that
his
parents
were
monished
in
a
dreame
to
cal
him
Theodosius
,
which
signifieth
as
much
as
Giuen
of
God
.
And
there
was
an
Oracle
in
Asia
,
that
one
shold
succeed
Valeus
in
the
Empire
,
whose
name
shold
begin
with
the
Greeke
Letters
,
Theta
,
Epsilon
,
Omicron
,
and
Delta
wherwithall
Theodosius
was
deceiued
and
iustly
put
to
death
for
his
ambitious
desire
of
rule
.
Theodosius
was
the
most
famous
enlarger
and
defender
of
the
common-wealth
,
for
in
dyuers
battelles
he
ouerthrew
the
H●nnes
and
Gothes
which
oppressed
the
Empire
in
the
time
of
Valeus
.
At
the
request
of
the
Persians
,
he
made
peace
with
them
,
and
slue
Miximius
the
Tyrant
(
which
had
slaine
Gratyan
)
at
Aquilei
,
with
his
sonne
Victor
,
whom
he
had
made
Emperor
,
within
the
yeares
of
infancy
:
he
likewise
put
downe
Eugenius
the
tyrant
,
and
Arbogastes
with
their
ten
thousand
fighting
men
.
This
Eugentus
being
confident
in
the
forces
of
Arbogastes
,
after
he
hade
slaine
Valentinianus
at
Vyenna
,
called
himselfe
Emperour
,
but
shortlye
after
he
lost
his
life
and
Empire
togither
.
This
Theodosius
was
in
quantity
of
body
and
condition
verye
like
Traian
as
Writinges
and
Pictures
restifie
,
such
a
verye
tall
Stature
,
such
members
or
lims
,
a
like
haire
and
mouth
,
but
not
so
wide
as
Traians
:
leane
cheekes
,
but
not
so
great
eyes
,
and
I
know
not
whether
he
had
such
a
grace
or
beautifull
aspect
,
or
such
a
Maiestye
in
his
going
,
but
I
am
sure
their
minds
were
mo●t
alike
,
so
that
nothing
could
be
alledged
out
of
any
author
,
but
i●
seemed
he
considered
and
read
the
same
.
He
was
gentle
,
merciful
,
affable
to
all
,
thinking
that
he
differed
from
other
men
onely
in
his
apparrell
:
he
was
honorable
to
al
men
,
but
toward
the
good
he
exceeded
himselfe
.
He
lo●ed
mean
wits
,
and
admired
the
great
if
they
were
harmeles
and
wel
applyed
,
he
gaue
great
matters
liberally
with
a
great
spirit
,
he
embraced
hys
ci●izens
,
and
them
that
liued
with
him
in
priuate
society
most
louingly
,
&
〈◊〉
hed
them
with
money
and
other
rewards
,
especially
those
who
had
regarded
him
as
a
father
in
his
aduersity
.
But
for
couetousnes
and
triumphing
in
warre
,
wherewithal
Traian
was
infected
,
he
much
detested
,
for
he
stirred
vp
no
warres
but
pacified
them
he
fo●nd
,
and
made
publicke
lawes
against
wanton
&
lasciuious
persons
,
forbidding
●ilthy
songes
at
banquets
,
being
so
great
an
enemy
to
immodesty
and
incontinency
,
that
he
forbad
the
marriage
of
kindred
or
cozen
Germaines
,
as
an
vnlawfull
thing
.
For
his
learning
it
w●●
not
great
,
being
compared
to
them
that
are
excellent
,
but
yet
hee
was
sage
,
and
delighted
to
obserue
al
mens
maners
.
Neuer
ceasing
to
execrate
the
proud
,
cruell
,
and
oppressing
wordes
and
deedes
of
the
auncient
,
derogating
from
true
liberty
of
honest
men
as
Cinna
,
Mari●s
,
Silla
,
and
especia●ly
traitors
and
vnthankeful
.
He
would
be
angry
at
euil
actions
,
but
soon
pleased
againe
with
a
little
forbearing
.
Sometime
he
would
alledge
sharpe
precepts
out
of
Liuye
,
as
that
Augustus
was
admonished
by
his
Maister
,
that
if
it
hapned
he
were
angry
at
any
t●me
before
he
attempted
to
reuenge
his
displeasure
,
he
shold
say
the
foure
and
twenty
Greeke
Letters
;
by
meanes
whereof
,
a
little
tract
of
time
would
saue
him
a
great
deal
of
wrath
.
And
that
the
Princes
vertue
was
better
which
he
go●
by
enlarging
his
regal
power
,
through
ciuil
victories
,
meaning
hys
own
viol●nt
passions
.
He
ought
to
attend
to
prouide
corne
●or
his
svbiectes
,
and
when
they
haue
bin
pilled
by
Tyrants
of
their
Gold
and
Siluer
,
then
to
recompence
them
with
his
owne
,
seeing
that
bountiful
Princes
do
not
giue
to
their
fauorites
,
naked
fields
,
or
rewards
of
●●al
value
:
now
those
smaller
which
in
secret
are
bestowed
in
the
court
,
do
draw
the
eares
,
and
eyes
of
all
c●rious
natures
to
behold
them
.
He
must
reuerence
his
vncle
like
his
father
,
and
nourish
the
children
of
his
deade
Brother
and
Sister
like
his
owne
,
and
also
the
kindred
of
his
Father
.
In
feasting
,
let
the
banquet
bee
sufficient
and
delic●
but
not
sumpt●ous
.
Let
him
frame
his
talk
to
the
quality
of
the
person●
,
and
his
endeauors
to
dignities
,
with
a
pleasant
and
graue
discourse
.
If
he
be
a
Fa●her
let
him
be
affable
,
if
a
husband
,
amiable
.
●e
exercised
himself
in
sport
,
ne●ther
to
be
therby
engaged
or
wearied
and
when
he
had
leisure
,
he
re●●●ed
his
spirits
with
walking
.
He
gouernd
his
bodily
helth
with
a
good
dyet
.
And
thus
in
〈◊〉
yeare
of
his
age
he
died
in
pea●e
at
Millaine
,
leauing
the
two
parts
of
the
Empire
,
and
one
sound
and
pe●ceable
commonwealth
,
to
〈◊〉
two
●●●nes
,
Arcadius
and
Honorius
,
whose
body
the
same
yeare
was
conu●yed
to
Constan●ople
,
and
there
buried
.
Areadius
.
AFter
the
death
of
Theodosius
,
Arcadius
ruled
at
Constantinople
,
&
Honorius
at
Rome
,
deuiding
the
Empire
betwixt
them
:
for
while
their
father
liued
he
made
thé
his
co-paiteners
in
the
Empire
,
&
bycause
at
the
time
of
his
death
,
they
were
not
of
age
to
sway
so
great
a
state
;
by
his
Testament
he
committed
the
tuition
of
Arcadius
,
to
Rufinus
,
and
of
Honorius
to
Stilico
,
and
made
Gildo
gouernor
of
Affrique
.
Rufinus
first
of
all
breaking
the
trust
to
him
committed
,
which
in
al
antiquity
remained
inuiolable
,
sent
to
Alaric●s
King
of
Gothes
to
attempt
Warre
against
Arcadius
,
thinking
by
this
meanes
to
procure
to
himselfe
the
Empire
of
the
Fast
,
and
for
this
cause
he
gaue
him
many
bribes
,
which
being
discouered
he
was
slaine
by
the
Souldiers
,
for
that
so
wicked
inuention
.
Caianus
following
the
plot
of
Rufinus
,
by
the
ayd
of
the
Gothes
,
raised
c●uil
warre
,
and
being
ouercome
in
a
battell
by
sea
he
fled
away
,
and
in
that
flight
lost
his
head
;
which
being
set
vpon
a
pole
,
was
brought
to
Constantinople
.
When
Arcadius
had
ruled
thirteen
yeares
,
he
departed
this
mortal
life
,
leauing
behinde
him
his
sonne
Theodosius
,
whom
in
his
life
time
he
had
made
Caesar.
This
was
a
prince
of
a
softly
wit
,
hauing
no
resemblance
of
his
f●thers
or
his
Graund-fathers
vertue
;
wholy
addicting
himselfe
to
please
his
Wife
Eudoxia
,
for
whose
sake
among
other
euil
things
,
hee
bainshed
Chrisostem
the
patriaich
of
Constantinople
a
man
very
famous
for
his
learning
and
holynesse
.
Honorius
.
HOnorius
was
not
so
happy
in
his
rule
as
his
father
.
Theodosius
was
made
Emperor
at
Rome
the
very
same
yeare
that
Arcadius
was
crowned
at
Constantinople
.
Gildo
being
the
gouernor
of
Affricke
,
killed
his
brother
Mascerelis
sonnes
,
who
fled
into
Italy
to
Honorius
from
whom
he
had
fiue
thousand
Souldiers
,
by
whose
aid
he
ouerthrew
Gildo
,
and
tooke
him
in
his
flight
,
commaunding
his
Souldiers
to
pul
out
his
throate
,
or
as
some
,
say
,
to
strangle
him
.
Honorius
sent
vnto
Stilico
,
his
pernitious
tutor
,
his
successor
and
murtherer
,
bycause
he
had
called
the
Vandals
secretly
into
Gallia
,
and
would
haue
transferred
the
Empire
to
his
sonne
Eucherius
,
after
he
had
fought
vnhappily
with
the
Gothes
at
Rauenna
,
was
slaine
with
his
sonne
Eucherius
at
Rome
in
the
Market
of
Pax.
Hee
ouerthrew
Iouius
Maximus
,
and
Sebaslianus
,
rusfling
for
the
succession
in
Gallia
,
by
Heraclius
the
gouernor
of
the
Army
;
and
lastly
hee
remoued
Constantinus
which
succeeded
Gratian
the
Tyrant
,
in
the
vsurpation
of
Britannia
,
at
the
citty
Arelatum
,
by
the
labor
&
seruice
of
the
Ea●l●
Constantius
,
to
whom
for
his
often
approued
setuice
and
fidelity
,
he
gaue
in
Marriage
his
sister
rlacidia
,
once
married
to
Atarphus
the
King
of
Gothes
,
which
Pl●cidia
was
the
mother
of
Valentinianus
the
younger
,
who
succeeded
Theodosius
the
son
of
Arcadius
in
the
Empire
.
He
died
at
Rome
,
hauing
raigned
thirty
two
yeares
In
his
time
was
the
Iewishe
Talmud
compiled
by
two
Rabbines
,
and
the
French
passed
ouer
the
Rhine
,
and
obtained
a
great
parte
of
Gillia
,
and
the
Iewes
fought
with
the
Christians
at
Alexandria
.
by
the
whole
and
generail
consent
of
all
the
most
greatest
Princes
,
created
Emperor
,
after
Zeno
,
and
aduaunced
of
a
mean
and
low
estate
.
He
gaue
the
soldior●
a
beneuolence
of
mony
,
gaue
audience
to
the
Iewish
Am.
&
with
fauor
,
receiuing
their
gifts
.
He
bestowed
vpon
Clodoueus
king
of
Frenchmen
,
the
titles
of
Senator
and
Consull
,
because
he
had
ouercome
the
Gothes
in
Gallia
,
and
taken
the
Towne
Burdegala
.
He
made
a
wall
from
the
sea
to
Se
〈◊〉
,
to
stop
the
incursions
of
the
Moesians
,
Bulgartans
and
Seithians
,
and
repressed
by
s●arpe
punishment
diuers
tyrantes
throughout
the
world
.
A
souldior
set
vp
the
head
of
Atheuodorus
vpon
an
yron
pointed
dart
,
before
the
gates
of
Tharsus
,
which
there
dried
away
.
Longinus
was
torne
in
pieces
like
a
wilde
beast
.
Vitalianus
that
mooued
sedition
in
the
East
,
was
appeased
with
mony
:
the
Hunnes
made
some
spoiles
,
and
the
Gothes
ouercame
Mace●onia
,
Epirus
and
Thessalia
,
to
whom
Anastasius
sent
money
to
ransome
the
prisoners
they
haddetaken
,
but
when
it
answered
not
their
expectation
,
the
cruell
Barbarians
slue
the
prisoners
openly
.
This
Anastasius
might
haue
bene
remembred
amongst
good
Princes
,
because
he
so
often
bought
peace
,
had
he
not
fauoured
Eutiches
heresie
,
by
the
perswasion
of
his
wife
Ariadue
,
for
which
cause
he
got
great
hatred
.
In
the
eighty
and
second
year
of
his
life
,
&
the
twenty
seuenth
of
his
Empire
,
he
peri●hed
by
a
flash
of
lightning
,
the
diuine
power
by
this
means
,
taking
reuenge
vpon
the
Prince
,
who
had
so
often
violated
that
Maiesty
,
although
Ma●cellinus
affirme
,
he
died
of
another
sodain
death
.
Inslinius
thrax
.
IVstinius
the
Thracian
,
diseended
basely
by
Father
and
Mother
,
being
first
a
swine-hearde
,
then
a
Neat-hearde
,
and
last
of
all
a
seruaunt
to
a
Woodmonger
.
He
became
a
souldior
being
but
sixteene
yeare
old
,
and
growing
actiue
and
prompt
,
therin
to
offend
the
enimy
,
was
taken
in
the
Army
,
from
whence
arrising
through
all
offices
,
to
the
gouernment
of
the
Pretory
,
he
was
made
Consail-After
the
death
of
Anastasius
,
a
certaine
rich
Euunuche
came
vnto
him
who
was
a
seruant
to
the
sormer
Emp.
bringing
him
a
great
sim
of
mony
to
bribe
the
souldiors
,
that
Theccritianus
might
be
made
Emp.
Iasinius
biting
at
this
bait
,
and
knowing
how
to
help
himselfe
with
that
mony
,
bo●ght
the
Empire
for
himselfe
,
and
then
put
Amantianus
and
Theocritianus
to
death
for
conspiring
against
him
,
and
in
the
ninth
yeare
of
his
raign
,
he
adopted
his
sisters
son
Iustinianus
in
the
Calends
of
April
,
and
made
him
co-partner
in
the
Empire
,
and
then
dyed
in
the
fourth
month
after
that
.
He
raigne●
nine
yeares
and
two
monethes
,
being
of
a
good
and
so
and
religion
,
for
he
b●●ished
all
the
Ar●iaus
,
receiued
Germans
very
curteously
sent
vnto
him
f●om
H●mis●la
Bishop
of
Rome
,
for
restoring
right
beleeuing
christians
to
those
plac●s
from
which
Anastasius
had
remoued
them
.
He
ordained
the
counsel
〈◊〉
should
be
inuiolably
obserued
:
and
he
restored
to
his
great
costs
,
〈◊〉
and
carynth
ouerthrown
by
Earth-quakes
.
Iustiniuses
.
〈◊〉
was
the
adopted
sonne
of
Iustinius
began
his
raign
.
In
the
foure
and
〈◊〉
year
of
his
raign
,
wherin
he
continued
forty
one
years
&
wonderfully
enlarged
the
auncient
glory
of
the
Roman
Empire
.
Surely
he
had
bin
a
Noble
Prince
but
that
he
was
guilty
of
Auarice
and
the
Eutich●an
heresie
,
and
also
for
putting
out
of
the
eyes
of
Bellisarius
,
a
slender
suspition
and
without
al
cause
,
by
whose
seruice
he
had
accomplished
great
matters
and
so
driuing
him
away
he
was
constrained
to
beg
his
liuing
of
passengers
.
In
his
time
the
vse
of
silke
came
from
the
Parthians
among
the
Graecians
,
and
now
of
late
is
left
againe
.
Iustinianus
being
sicke
,
made
his
daugh●ers
sonne
Iustinus
Caesar
,
and
not
long
after
his
sicknesse
growing
vppon
him
,
and
falling
destracted
,
hee
departed
his
naturall
life
when
(
as
Eutropius
saith
)
he
had
made
an
impious
edict
against
verity
.
This
Iustinianus
commanded
that
the
Temple
of
Sophia
should
be
built
at
Constantinople
,
and
in
his
time
,
there
was
so
great
a
famine
in
Italy
,
that
the
people
were
forced
to
eat
mans
flesh
.
Siluerius
the
Bishop
of
Rome
,
by
the
fraud
of
Theodora
Ivstinianus
wife
,
was
conuicted
by
false
witnesse
,
and
by
Bellisarius
sent
into
exile
,
wherein
hee
dyed
.
Iustinus
Iunior
.
IVstinivs
the
Nephew
of
Iustinianus
by
his
daghter
,
and
an
earnest
follower
of
Iustinius
,
was
for
that
cause
alway
nourished
in
court
.
He
was
of
an
easie
disposition
,
and
giuen
to
deserue
the
good
opinion
of
men
,
by
hie
own
liberality
,
by
Iustinianvs
he
was
proclaimed
Emperor
.
He
made
a
leagu
with
the
Persians
,
remitting
the
annuall
tribute
which
was
payed
to
them
by
the
Romaines
.
The
Lumbards
a
people
of
Germany
,
by
the
perswasion
of
Narses
,
whom
the
Emperour
had
vniustly
prescribed
broke
into
Italy
,
which
from
Albuinvs
vnto
Desiderivs
by
the
space
of
three
hundred
&
foure
years
they
held
distinguished
into
seueral
regiments
.
For
Sophia
wrot
vnto
Narses
,
who
was
an
Euunuch
that
hee
shoulde
reture
to
spin
womens
worke
.
To
whome
Narses
returned
to
this
answer
,
that
he
would
spin
such
a
thread
,
as
she
shold
neuer
be
able
to
breake
.
Iustinivs
fell
from
his
liberality
to
auarice
,
and
also
from
true
christianity
to
the
heresie
of
Pelagivs
,
sending
Longivs
into
the
place
of
Narses
(
whom
he
had
set
at
liberty
)
and
instituted
the
Exarchatship
a
new
kind
of
Magistracy
.
This
was
ordained
after
christ
fiue
hundred
threescore
and
eleuen
years
,
and
in
the
foure
thousand
fiue
hundred
and
thirty
fourth
year
of
the
world
.
By
this
Iustinyus
,
that
he
should
be
the
Viceroy
of
the
Empyre
in
Italy
,
and
shoulde
haue
power
to
confirme
the
election
of
Popes
,
it
endured
one
hundred
threescore
and
foure
yeares
.
This
Iustinius
dyed
through
a
sickenesse
in
his
feet
,
in
the
eleuenth
yeare
of
his
raigne
.
In
his
time
the
Armenians
receiued
the
christian
faith
,
and
Monothelites
spread
their
heresie
,
against
whom
he
assembled
a
hundred
and
fifty
Bishops
at
Consiantinople
in
counsell
to
condemne
them
.
In
which
sinode
it
was
permitted
to
the
Greeke
priests
ro
retain
wiues
but
not
to
the
Latines
.
Tiberius
.
TYberius
the
seconde
vnlike
to
Iustinius
yet
adopted
by
him
,
gaue
to
the
poore
the
tribute
which
Iustinius
had
couetously
enchroched
and
deliuered
to
him
by
Sophia
,
and
al
the
treasures
of
that
famous
captaine
which
were
long
hidden
in
a
lake
of
Water
,
and
discouered
vnto
him
.
In
the
East
he
often
time
constrained
the
Persians
to
keep
within
their
borders
,
&
receiued
Mesopotamia
,
sending
backe
the
Persian
captains
honourably
cloathed
into
their
owne
country
,
when
the
Lumbards
breaking
their
league
had
along
time
besiedged
Rome
,
and
pressing
to
the
Wals
to
take
it
,
they
were
repelled
by
strange
and
vnwonted
shewers
of
rain
,
and
there
followed
after
those
shewers
as
great
a
drought
,
whereby
all
maner
of
victuall
grew
exceeding
scarce
.
If
the
affaires
of
Tiberius
had
as
well
succeeded
in
the
West
,
as
they
did
in
the
East
,
his
happines
had
bin
of
singular
note
.
He
adopted
his
son
in
law
Mauritius
and
committed
to
him
the
present
gouernement
of
the
Empire
,
in
the
presence
of
Iohn
the
Patriarch
of
constantinople
,
who
crowned
him
,
and
of
the
whole
Senate
,
and
so
raigned
seuen
yeares
,
liuing
in
all
good
opinion
of
piety
and
liberality
.
Mauritius
.
MAuritius
the
successor
of
his
Father
in
law
Tyberius
,
was
a
cappadocian
,
and
gouerned
twenty
yeares
.
At
the
beginning
hee
was
happy
in
the
Empire
ouer
comming
the
Armenians
&
Persians
by
his
lieutenants
,
driuing
the
Scithians
out
of
Moesia
,
and
repressing
the
Lumbards
in
Italy
.
After
this
by
the
ayde
of
his
son
in
Law
Theodosius
and
his
Father
in
law
Germanus
,
he
droue
the
conquered
Hunnes
on
t
of
Pannonia
,
into
the
Wildernesse
,
and
called
the
Patriarch
of
Constantinople
,
the
vniuersal
gouernor
of
the
church
.
This
Prince
for
his
diligence
was
aduaunced
from
a
notary
by
Iustinius
,
and
made
the
ruler
of
the
Watchmen
,
afterward
the
son
in
lawe
of
Tiberius
,
lastly
Emperor
,
and
being
honored
with
many
victories
,
did
happily
for
a
season
sway
the
whole
e●●ate
.
Afterward
giuing
himselfe
to
an
insatiable
desire
of
mony
,
and
grew
offensiue
to
the
souldiors
of
Sarmatia
,
who
liued
in
a
barren
&
cold
place
,
yet
receiued
not
from
him
their
stipends
.
He
was
warned
in
a
dream
to
beware
of
Phocas
,
who
was
a
Centurion
,
on
the
Scithian
coasts
,
yet
was
he
by
him
depriued
both
of
life
and
empire
.
He
was
an
example
of
patience
and
fortitude
,
for
seeing
his
wife
and
sons
slaine
before
his
face
,
hee
cryed
out
saying
.
Thou
art
iust
O
Lord
,
and
thy
iudgementes
are
right
,
bearing
it
without
shew
of
impatience
.
In
his
time
began
the
name
of
Turkes
,
to
bee
first
heard
of
in
Asia
,
and
the
Gothes
and
Angles
were
turnd
to
the
christian
saith
.
Phocas
.
PHocas
captaine
of
the
band
,
on
the
borders
of
Scithia
,
was
chosen
Emp.
by
the
damned
Army
which
he
led
,
who
quickly
forgat
M●uricius
,
and
was
not
warned
by
his
destruction
to
bewar
of
couetousnes
,
but
in
more
greedy
maner
exacted
many
tributes
,
and
kept
golde
more
closely
,
with
his
courtiers
who
after
the
Persian
maner
disposed
all
thinges
for
they
gaue
audience
to
Ambassadors
,
sat
in
iudgement
and
bestowed
Offices
,
then
which
things
is
more
wretched
and
blameable
in
a
chiefe
ruler
.
They
were
his
greatest
fauorites
,
who
made
the
greatest
hauock
of
the
common
people
,
and
he
payed
the
Souldiers
very
sparingly
.
H●
declared
the
Romaine
Bishop
,
by
the
sollicitation
of
Bonifacius
the
thi●d
,
vni●ersall
and
ch●efe
Bishop
of
the
world
.
And
by
his
sloath
and
negligence
,
the
Empire
of
Rome
lost
all
strength
,
consisting
onely
in
a
bare
title
,
and
it
was
brought
to
passe
that
either
the
name
of
an
Empire
must
be
laid
aside
,
or
else
Ph●cas
must
d●e
.
There
was
one
Priscus
Patricius
the
sonne
in
law
of
Heracleonas
,
a
great
〈◊〉
of
the
Emperor
,
his
son
Heraclius
was
P●opraetor
and
gouerned
A●●rique
,
these
three
conspired
to
kill
the
Emperor
,
Heracleon
who
was
capta●●
o●
the
Wa●re
,
raised
an
army
and
brought
it
into
Thracia
,
vnder
colour
to
resist
the
Barbarians
,
and
to
defend
that
region
.
Heraclius
came
out
of
Affrique
into
Constantinople
,
least
his
father
should
be
suspected
to
r●bel
,
and
so
they
met
at
a
set
time
,
and
of
purpose
made
a
tumult
,
and
while
the
P●ae●orian
Souldiers
ranne
to
appease
it
,
the
●ilthy
Emp.
was
by
the
traitors
beheaded
in
the
thirteenth
yeare
of
his
raigne
.
Heraclius
.
HEraclius
Propraetor
of
Affrique
,
and
sonne
of
Heracleonas
,
after
the
death
of
Phocas
was
made
Emp.
by
the
Souldiers
,
and
appl●use
of
the
people
,
and
in
one
and
the
same
day
was
crowned
by
Sergius
the
〈◊〉
,
and
married
to
Fabia
Eudoxia
,
celebrating
togither
his
〈◊〉
and
ma●riage
feast
.
He
restored
Hierusalem
,
Siria
,
and
Egypt
,
to
the
Empire
,
●●●rcame
the
Persians
,
their
K.
Cosdroa
being
killed
by
his
own
son
,
became
he
preferred
his
younger
sonne
to
the
kingdome
.
He
recouered
the
holy
Cros●e
〈◊〉
it
to
Constantinople
,
and
afterward
translated
it
to
Rome
.
His
Warre
against
the
Persians
endured
sixe
yeares
togither
.
Alter
this
Heraclius
committe●
the
affaires
of
the
common-wealth
to
other
,
g●uing
himselfe
to
ease
and
idlenes
.
He
constrained
the
Iewes
to
be
baptised
against
their
wils
,
and
gaue
himselfe
to
the
study
of
Mathematiques
,
to
wisards
and
impostures
of
the
Deuils
,
and
so
fell
into
the
heresie
of
the
Monothelites
:
he
married
with
Martina
his
brothers
Daughter
,
and
made
a
law
that
euery
man
might
doe
the
like
,
he
raigned
thirty
and
one
yeares
,
and
some
say
he
died
of
a
dropsie
.
Other
affirme
he
perished
by
a
new
and
strange
disease
,
namely
that
his
cods
wer
turned
vpward
,
and
his
vi●●l
member
alway
standing
,
that
so
often
as
he
made
water
except
a
bord
was
held
to
his
belly
,
the
vrine
flew
vp
into
his
own
face
,
which
some
imagin
was
a
iust
iudgement
vpon
him
for
his
vnlawfull
marriage
.
Heraclius
Iunior
.
HEraclius
the
younger
called
also
Constantinus
,
the
sonne
of
Heraclius
,
the
Emp.
succeeded
his
father
,
and
was
a
true
obseruer
of
piety
,
but
yet
by
the
treason
his
step-mother
Martina
,
was
killed
by
poyson
in
the
fourth
month
of
his
gouernment
.
Heracleona
.
HEracleonas
sonne
of
Heraclius
and
Martina
,
after
the
death
of
Constantine
,
ruled
in
the
East
with
his
mother
two
yeares
,
when
the
Se●a●
and
people
of
Constantinople
vnderstood
how
they
had
poisoned
Constantinus
,
they
tooke
both
the
mother
and
sonne
,
cutting
off
his
nose
,
that
so
hee
might
rec●iue
no
comiseration
by
his
beauty
and
grace
,
and
her
tong
,
that
so
she
might
no
more
by
her
cunning
speech
moue
the
peoples
minds
,
&
so
with
the
Patriarch
that
was
priuy
to
the
treason
,
they
were
all
sent
into
ba●●shment
.
Constans
.
AFter
that
Heraclionas
and
Martina
were
driuen
away
,
Constans
otherwise
called
Constantinus
the
third
,
was
declared
Emperor
by
the
Senat
,
without
the
Souldiers
,
which
seldome
happened
.
Hee
walked
in
the
steps
of
his
Graund-father
,
following
the
herisie
of
the
Monothelites
.
He
caused
Olimptas
the
Exarchat
to
apprehend
Martin
the
first
of
that
name
,
Pope
of
Rome
,
and
to
send
him
into
exile
wherein
he
died
,
by
cause
in
a
sinode
,
hee
deposed
Paule
the
patriach
,
and
allowed
the
condemnation
of
Cirus
,
Alexandrius
,
Sergius
,
and
Pyrrhus
.
He
was
ouercome
by
the
Saracens
and
ranne
away
.
Afterward
giuing
them
hostages
,
hee
obtained
of
them
leaue
to
goe
into
Italy
,
and
to
deliuer
it
from
the
Tyranny
of
the
Lumbards
,
leauing
his
sonne
Constantinus
at
home
,
hee
came
by
sea
to
Tarentum
,
tooke
Luce●a
and
razed
it
,
and
besieged
Beneuentum
.
Leauing
that
siege
he
went
towards
Capua
,
where
by
the
way
he
met
with
Mitiola
the
Duke
of
that
city
in
A●mes
,
of
whom
he
was
put
to
slight
,
and
so
went
towards
Rome
.
Vitalianus
the
Pope
met
him
without
the
city
,
and
whatsoeuer
he
found
ther
in
the
ancient
Monuments
,
precious
or
rare
,
hee
made
spoyle
thereof
,
and
tooke
it
away
with
him
,
not
sparing
the
brazen
tyles
of
Pantheon
.
After
twelue
dayes
he
went
into
Sicily
,
where
he
was
slain
by
his
owne
followers
,
bycause
of
his
couetous
exaction
of
trybute
,
hauing
liued
in
the
Empire
twenty
and
seauen
yeares
.
Constantinus
.
COnstantinus
the
fourth
was
eldest
sonne
of
Constans
,
and
tooke
vpon
him
the
Empire
at
Byzantium
which
he
had
gouerned
in
the
absence
of
his
father
.
So
soone
as
newes
was
brought
vnto
him
of
his
fathers
death
;
hee
went
into
Sicily
and
slue
Mezentius
the
Tyrant
,
as
the
author
thereof
.
Seuen
yeares
togither
he
warred
with
the
Saracens
by
Sea
and
land
,
and
in
one
battaile
slue
of
them
thirty
thousand
,
and
so
weakned
their
forces
thereby
,
he
constrained
them
to
seeke
peace
of
the
Emperor
,
which
they
obtained
vpon
condition
that
they
should
pay
to
him
yearely
a
certaine
tribute
.
The
Bulgarians
inuaded
Thr●cia
and
Pannonia
,
and
by
the
permission
of
the
Emperor
,
they
inhabited
a
part
thereof
.
Hee
celebrated
the
sixth
sinod
at
constontinople
against
the
Monothelites
,
by
the
perswasion
of
Pope
Agothon
,
where
met
togither
the
Greeke
and
latine
Church
.
He
cut
off
the
noses
of
his
bretheren
,
beeing
children
,
that
they
s●ould
ne●er
affect
the
Empire
,
and
as
Platina
saith
.
In
his
raigne
was
the
King
of
Persia
with
his
wife
Caesarca
and
many
thousand
of
their
followers
,
Baptized
at
constantinople
.
Lastly
hee
was
ouercome
with
sicknesse
(
or
as
other
say
)
he
was
throwne
out
of
the
pallace
headlong
,
and
so
died
in
the
eightee●e
yeare
of
his
raigne
.
Hee
was
called
Pogonatus
bycause
hee
had
no
●●ard
when
he
went
in
to
Sicilia
,
and
returned
againe
bearded
,
for
Pogona
in
Greeke
is
a
beard
.
In
his
time
there
was
a
great
famine
in
Gallia
,
for
succour
whereof
King
clodoueus
tooke
out
the
riches
and
ornaments
out
of
the
church
of
S.
Dennis
,
which
his
father
had
therein
bestowed
.
Iustinius
4.
Iustinius
the
fourth
was
the
sonne
of
constantine
,
and
his
heyre
.
The
last
of
the
line
of
Heraclius
and
was
made
Emperor
,
when
he
was
sixteene
yeares
old
,
he
was
a
wilde
and
wicked
young
man
,
erring
from
the
true
faith
,
abolishing
the
authority
of
his
fathers
Synod
by
another
,
the
which
Sergius
Bishop
of
Rome
would
not
allow
,
for
which
cause
he
sent
Zacharius
Portospatarius
to
apprehend
him
,
who
being
resisted
by
the
Bishop
,
came
againe
without
doing
any
thing
,
and
was
punished
for
his
other
faults
.
He
was
by
his
Dukes
Leontius
,
Tyberius
and
Absimarus
,
and
Callinicus
the
Patriarch
,
depriued
of
his
nose
and
eares
in
the
tenth
yeare
of
his
regiment
,
and
so
dispossessed
of
the
Empire
,
banished
into
Chersonesus
.
About
this
time
Childeric
the
second
,
King
of
France
with
his
wife
great
with
child
was
slaine
by
Rodillus
,
whom
a
litle
before
he
had
caused
to
be
whipped
at
a
post
.
Leontius
.
LEontius
or
Leo
the
third
being
made
Emperor
,
ruled
most
vngodly
eleuen
years
,
and
at
the
length
had
his
nose
cut
off
by
Absimarus
,
and
was
put
into
prison
.
At
this
time
the
Arisians
were
ouercome
with
their
Captaine
Rabodus
,
and
were
made
Christians
by
Pipinus
the
generall
of
the
horsmen
of
Gallia
.
Tiberius
3.
TYberius
whose
surname
was
Absimarus
declared
Emperour
by
the
Soudiers
.
He
banished
Philippi●us
into
Pontus
,
whose
ayde
aduanced
him
to
be
Emperor
,
bycause
he
suspected
him
,
for
that
an
Eagle
shadowed
his
head
sleeping
.
He
swayed
the
Empire
seuen
yeares
.
After
which
time
Iustinus
the
fourth
banished
(
as
aforesaid
in
his
history
)
by
the
help
of
Bulgarians
,
was
recalled
from
exile
&
came
to
Constantinople
with
a
great
army
,
and
raigned
with
his
sonne
sixe
yeares
more
:
commaunding
Leontius
and
Tiberius
to
be
slaine
in
his
owne
sight
,
pulling
out
the
eyes
of
the
patriarch
Callinicus
,
and
banishing
him
to
Rome
.
After
this
he
sent
for
Constantinus
Bishop
of
Rome
,
and
receiued
him
with
great
reuerence
,
Kissing
his
feete
,
and
confessing
his
former
errours
crauing
pardon
for
them
,
and
approued
the
Romaine
Religion
.
Lastly
waging
Warre
with
Phillippicus
(
that
was
before
banished
to
Pontus
)
by
the
perswasion
of
the
Pope
,
he
was
there
with
his
sonne
Tiberius
ouercome
and
slaine
.
This
yeare
the
Saracens
inuaded
Affrike
,
and
a
great
part
of
Spaine
which
they
held
seuen
hundred
yeares
.
Philippicus
.
PHilippicus
Bardesanes
after
the
slaughter
of
,
Iustinius
and
his
sonne
tooke
the
Empire
and
caused
all
Images
and
reliques
to
be
throwne
out
of
the
temples
,
weaking
the
decrees
of
the
6.
Synod
with
another
,
to
gratific
a
certaine
Monke
which
had
prophesied
that
hee
should
be
Emperor
,
and
desired
this
action
for
his
reward
.
He
was
eloquent
,
but
not
wise
,
for
he
dissipated
the
wealth
of
the
Empire
,
suffering
the
Bulgarians
to
depopulate
Thracia
.
He
was
declared
a
schismatique
by
Constantinus
the
Bishop
of
Rome
,
and
forbid
to
communicat
.
He
was
depriued
of
his
eies
by
Anthemius
his
chiefe
captaine
,
and
so
brought
againe
into
good
order
,
hauing
raigned
one
yeare
and
sixe
months
.
Anastasius
2.
ANastasius
the
second
sur-named
Anthemius
,
was
made
Emperour
by
the
Souldiers
,
and
approued
all
the
decrees
of
the
Bishop
of
Rome
for
holy
and
iust
,
and
did
many
things
according
to
true
piety
,
at
length
by
the
perswasion
of
the
Bishop
of
Rome
,
he
sent
a
great
sleete
against
the
Arabians
to
Alexandria
,
but
his
Souldiers
hating
him
,
returned
home
againe
and
made
The●dosius
a
man
so
base
condition
Emperor
,
who
tooke
Constantinople
and
deposed
Anastasius
,
shutting
him
vp
in
a
Monastery
,
when
he
had
raigned
one
yeare
and
three
months
.
Theodosius
3.
THeodosius
or
Adramitian
was
constrained
by
the
Souldiers
to
be
Emperor
,
yet
was
he
of
good
life
though
meanely
borne
,
sauing
that
he
restored
Images
into
the
church
againe
,
which
Philippicus
had
deiected
.
He
ouerthre●
Artemius
in
a
great
battaile
neere
Nice
,
&
gaue
ouer
the
Empire
to
●co
who
was
made
Emperor
by
the
Souldiers
,
and
came
against
him
to
fight
,
but
Theodosius
was
weary
of
ciuill
Warre
betwixt
him
and
Leo
,
and
so
entered
into
a
Monastery
after
he
had
raigned
two
years
,
where
he
lead
a
long
and
happy
life
.
Leo
3.
LEo
the
third
was
called
Iagnus
or
conon
,
a
man
of
a
base
kindred
and
made
Dice
where
he
was
borne
,
he
raigned
togither
with
his
sonne
Theodosius
,
and
was
called
Iconomachus
,
bycause
hee
destroyed
all
the
Images
of
the
Saints
out
of
the
Temples
,
by
the
authority
of
a
counsel
at
Bizantium
,
that
he
might
gratifie
twoe
Iewes
,
that
foretold
him
hee
should
be
Emperor
,
and
deposed
Germanus
the
patriarch
of
Constantinople
for
maintaining
them
,
and
likewise
caused
Stephen
the
Bishop
of
Rome
which
disallowed
that
action
,
to
be
apprehended
and
put
to
death
.
In
his
raigne
was
Constantinople
besieged
eight
yeres
by
the
Sara●●ns
,
who
were
constrained
through
great
pestylence
and
famine
to
departe
,
their
shippes
beeing
all
burned
,
by
an
artificiall
fire
,
which
was
made
to
burne
vnder
the
waters
.
After
this
he
recouered
the
desection
of
Sicilia
,
thorough
the
labour
of
Sergius
.
Hee
raigned
twenty-fiue
yeares
,
and
toward
his
death
Bythinia
and
Thracia
were
grieuosly
shaken
with
an
earthquake
,
and
the
walles
of
Constantinople
,
were
almost
all
ouerthrowne
thereby
.
Gregory
the
third
of
that
name
,
Bishop
of
Rome
,
did
forbid
Leo
to
communicate
,
by
cause
hee
would
restore
the
images
,
and
not
regarding
him
,
sent
for
Carolus
Martellus
a
King
of
France
,
against
the
Lumbards
into
Italy
,
who
made
peace
with
the
Romains
without
the
Emperor
.
The
Saracens
possessed
Aquitane
,
but
they
were
driuen
out
by
the
French
,
and
aboue
three
hundred
three●core
and
thirteene
thousand
,
slaine
.
Constantinus
5.
COns●●ntine
the
son
of
Leo
Isaurus
ruled
the
East
,
and
was
zealous
as
his
father
against
images
,
yet
was
hee
charged
with
magicke
,
and
that
he
was
neither
Christian
,
Greeke
,
or
Iew
,
but
giuen
ouer
to
all
impiety
.
It
is
likely
the
resisting
of
the
Romaine
Synod
in
the
daies
of
Gregory
the
third
,
was
the
cause
why
the
bondslaues
of
that
see
haue
defamed
him
so
much
in
their
Cronicles
.
Hee
put
to
death
two
Patriarches
of
constantinople
.
Hee
waged
warre
against
the
Bulgarians
,
who
destroyed
Images
in
their
churches
.
Hee
also
put
out
the
eies
of
Artabasdus
who
was
made
Emperour
,
by
them
that
fauored
the
Pope
and
Images
,
and
likewise
of
al
his
kindred
.
He
held
a
counsell
at
Constantinople
of
330.
Bishops
,
whereby
all
the
people
were
compelled
to
sweare
that
they
would
neuer
offer
any
more
to
any
image
of
God
and
Saints
,
and
condemned
all
them
to
death
that
worshipped
or
prayed
to
the
Virgin
Mary
,
or
kept
the
reliques
of
Saintes
in
their
houses
;
and
commaunded
Moonkes
and
Nunnes
to
marry
,
and
not
to
vowe
a
single
life
:
for
which
cause
hee
was
reported
to
haue
made
water
in
the
Font
at
the
〈◊〉
of
his
B●ptisme
,
which
signified
how
he
should
defile
Religion
as
enemies
,
and
the
Popes
friends
affirmed
:
for
he
sent
the
decrees
of
this
counsell
to
the
Pope
,
commaunding
him
to
keepe
them
,
and
put
them
in
execution
,
which
made
the
Pope
fly
to
Pipin
King
of
France
,
who
at
his
request
,
made
Warre
vpon
the
Lumbards
,
and
constrained
Arstulphus
to
yelde
to
the
Popes
requests
.
And
the
pope
to
gratifie
Pipinus
the
K.
translated
the
Empire
of
constantino●e
into
France
,
&
Pipin
gaue
the
Exarchat
of
Lumbardy
to
the
Pope
,
and
although
hee
were
sent
vnto
by
the
Emperor
,
with
many
rich
guifts
to
redeliue●
againe
the
Exarchatship
,
who
answered
that
his
comming
into
Italy
was
to
guard
the
church
,
and
to
giue
Rauenna
and
the
Exarchatship
to
the
Pope
.
At
this
time
was
a
Parlament
first
instituted
in
France
,
and
the
Turkes
a
people
of
S●it●ia
comming
from
the
Hiperborian
Mountaines
inuaded
the
Armenians
,
Colc●●
,
and
Alain
.
The
Emperor
raigned
35.
yeares
,
and
died
as
some
say
of
a
leprosie
.
In
his
time
began
the
Popes
to
be
greatly
honored
,
by
cause
that
Pipin
lead
the
Popes
horse
by
the
bridle
,
the
Pope
sitting
on
his
backe
till
hee
came
into
the
Emperors
Pallace
.
Leo
4.
LEo
followed
his
fathers
steps
in
detestation
of
images
,
and
sat
in
his
seate
,
hauing
a
wife
an
Athenian
,
called
Irene
,
of
an
exceeding
good
spirit
and
beauty
.
He
made
one
voyage
into
Siria
where
he
receined
a
repulse
in
a
small
skirmish
,
and
returned
back
againe
.
He
loued
well
pretious
stones
,
and
hauing
seene
in
the
Temple
of
Sophia
a
crowne
full
of
those
stones
,
he
set
it
on
his
head
,
by
the
coldnesse
where
of
he
fel
into
a
feauer
and
died
.
In
the
fift
yeare
of
his
raigne
.
Constantinus
6.
COnstantine
the
sixt
son
of
Leo
,
ruled
with
his
mother
ten
yeares
,
at
which
time
there
was
a
sinod
at
Nice
,
wherein
the
matter
of
images
was
agreed
betwixt
them
and
the
Pope
at
the
instance
of
Irene
,
who
had
a
great
deuotion
to
the
Virgin
Mary
.
But
in
the
tenth
yeare
of
his
gouernment
he
depriued
his
mother
of
all
rule
,
exhorting
her
to
liue
priuately
,
and
not
in
publique
administration
of
iustice
,
casting
downe
againe
all
the
images
the
had
erected
,
which
was
consurmed
by
a
counsel
of
Eliberus
in
Spaine
.
Irene
suborned
certain
captaines
to
kil
her
son
,
who
tooke
him
put
out
his
eies
,
&
put
him
in
to
prison
,
wherein
he
died
,
she
then
raigning
three
years
till
she
was
expelled
by
Nicephorus
,
in
which
time
she
caused
her
husbands
fathers
body
that
had
destroyed
Images
,
to
be
taken
out
of
the
graue
and
publikely
burned
to
ashes
,
for
that
cause
after
his
death
twenty
yeares
.
In
hir
time
was
also
Charlema●gne
crowned
Emperor
at
Rome
,
and
in
the
raign
of
Constantine
hir
sonne
,
and
hirs
togither
,
there
was
found
a
Beazen
plate
layd
vpon
a
dead
man
in
the
earth
,
with
this
in●●●ption
:
Christ
shall
be
borne
of
a
Virgin
in
him
doe
I
beleeue
,
and
in
the
time
of
Constant
me
and
Irene
,
O
sunne
thou
shalt
see
me
againe
.
At
last
she
was
b●●ished
by
Nicephorus
to
Leshos
,
and
there
died
.
Constantine
ruled
fifteene
yeares
;
ten
with
his
mother
,
and
fiue
alone
.
Nicephorus
.
NIcephorus
raigned
in
the
East
,
after
the
banishment
of
Irene
in
Lesbus
,
and
rati●ied
that
peace
with
charles
the
great
,
which
Irene
had
made
:
which
was
,
that
he
should
haue
Sicili●
,
calabria
,
and
Apulia
,
and
charles
all
the
residu●
of
Italy
.
He
also
agreed
with
the
Venetians
,
that
they
should
neither
besub●●ct
.
to
the
East
or
West
Empire
,
but
remaine
friends
to
both
,
and
helpe
bo●hina
'
Warres
.
He
turned
back
againe
,
Admiratu●
King
of
Saracens
,
which
〈◊〉
gat●●st
him
with
three
Cahonsand
men
,
b●
y●lding
him
a
yeerely
●●ybute
.
He
ho●pe
the
Venetians
against
the
Gaules
,
to
y●●ng
fleete
to
●leete
by
Sea.
Herazed
Apo●loma
which
he
tooke
by
a
tea
force
,
partly
by
violence
,
and
partly
by
●raud
,
and
made
his
sonne
Stauracius
co-partner
of
the
Empire
,
and
he
died
in
a
battaile
against
the
Bulgarians
in
the
superiou●
Mas●a
,
in
the
nynth
yeare
of
his
gouernment
.
Stauratius
.
STauracius
the
Sonne
of
Nicephorus
being
wounded
in
the
battaile
of
the
Bulgarians
,
assoone
as
his
father
was
dead
hee
came
to
constantinople
,
and
was
crowned
Emperor
.
He
receiued
many
hurts
by
the
Saracens
,
who
brake
the
peace
made
with
his
father
.
At
last
hee
was
th●ust
out
of
the
Empire
,
by
M●chaell
curoplate
,
who
married
his
Sister
Pr●cop●a
,
and
shut
vp
in
a
monastery
,
ra●gined
but
a
few
daies
after
his
father
.
Mychaell
.
MYchaell
curoplate
sur-named
Ran●●hes
.
The
sonne
in
law
of
Nicephorus
●●●●saide
,
and
married
the
sister
of
Stauratius
.
In
the
beginning
of
his
Empire
made
a
league
with
charlemaigne
that
hee
should
hold
the
west
,
and
Mychaell
the
least
.
●he
Venetians
fell
to
the
Gracians
,
vpon
that
condition
to
en●oy
all
the
〈◊〉
ledges
graunted
vnto
them
by
charlematne
.
When
for
a
little
〈◊〉
space
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
war●ed
.
against
the
Bulgarians
,
and
ouer
came
them
,
at
last
being
ou●
〈◊〉
owne
an●
put
to
flight
at
Hadrionopolis
,
he
returned
home
with
the
losse
of
his
Army
,
and
presently
he
was
taken
by
the
treason
of
Leo
the
Arme●●an
,
and
exil●d
into
the
●●e
of
Protes
,
and
there
●●ued
in
a
monastery
,
after
hee
had
raigned
two
years
.
And
thus
Empires
by
the
prouidence
of
God
,
thorogh
sundry
altera●●ons
,
passe
from
one
to
another
,
with
their
wealth
,
glory
,
pleasure
,
commoci●es
,
and
discommodities
.
Leo.
5.
LEo
the
Armenian
,
son
of
Pardus
Patricius
,
who
was
gouernor
of
the
●asterne
Army
,
was
chosen
Emp.
by
the
people
,
because
he
was
thought
worthy
to
sway
the
world
.
At
that
time
,
he
slew
crumnus
king
of
the
bulgarians
,
who
had
obtained
●●adrioncpolis
,
&
turned
his
power
against
Constantinople
,
hauing
made
a
breach
in
the
wall
:
which
thing
did
for
a
season
giue
peace
to
the
easterne
Empire
.
When
he
had
gotten
this
victorie
,
hee
turned
his
power
to
ouerthrowe
&
kill
many
at
home
,
and
yet
abolished
al
the
ymages
of
the
Saints
;
&
being
warned
by
the
presages
and
dreames
of
his
Mother
,
co●lde
not
auoide
the
fate
appointed
for
him
,
for
in
the
night
time
being
at
prayers
he
was
slain
by
Mich●ell
Thraulus
(
whom
he
had
detained
prisoner
)
through
many
wounds
,
after
he
had
raigned
seuen
years
and
fiue
moneths
.
His
wife
was
constramed
into
a
Monastery
,
and
his
sonnes
banished
.
He
had
many
vertues
,
and
waged
the
affayres
of
the
world
very
excellently
,
had
he
not
bene
iustly
accused
of
much
cruelty
.
Michael
Thraulus
.
MYchaell
Thraulus
or
Balbus
,
because
of
his
stammering
tongue
,
was
a
Phrigian
,
borne
of
a
meane
and
base
kindred
.
He
was
infected
wyth
Iudaisme
professed
in
that
place
,
and
slue
Leo
,
by
whome
hee
hadde
bene
aduaunced
to
great
honors
,
sending
his
sonnes
into
banishment
,
inuaded
the
Empire
.
He
o●ercame
Thomas
captaine
of
the
so●ldiors
in
the
East
,
and
slew
him
with
all
his
traiterous
compa●●ons
.
He
ouercame
the
Sar●cens
,
in●●ding
creta
.
He
was
not
loued
of
Monkes
or
clarks
,
and
dyed
in
the
ninth
yeare
of
his
raigne
,
through
the
loose●es
of
his
belly
,
and
so
was
the
Oracle
fulfilled
,
that
when
a
slammering
and
couetous
prince
●aigned
,
then
should
the
Empire
faile
.
Carolus
.
CHarles
the
son
of
Pipin
king
of
Fraunc●
,
the
first
of
that
name
,
and
was
called
most
Christian
,
by
Leo
the
Bishop
of
Rome
,
of
whome
hee
was
crowned
Emperor
,
for
his
great
zeale
towards
christians
.
At
the
entrance
into
his
raigne
,
being
deliuered
from
the
Warres
of
Aquitane
,
hee
went
into
Italy
and
made
the
Lumbards
subiects
vnto
Fraunce
,
taking
their
k●
Desiderius
.
He
many
times
ouercame
the
〈◊〉
Saxons
,
in
thirty
yeares
Warres
,
and
did
instruct
them
in
christianity
.
He
droue
the
〈◊〉
out
of
France
,
and
consined
the
Sclauonians
,
Danes
,
and
Boemians
,
within
their
own
territories
.
He
went
the
second
time
into
Italy
,
repressing
them
of
Beneuention
,
which
resisted
the
Pope●ile
restored
Leo
the
Pope
,
who
was
expelled
by
the
Romans
,
and
ended
the
Warres
against
the
Hunnes
.
Whereupon
after
all
his
Noble
acts
,
he
was
called
Charles
the
great
.
And
after
all
this
,
he
returned
into
Frau●ce
,
making
his
sonne
Lewes
co-partner
of
his
Emp●re
,
and
so
d●ed
at
Aguisgrue
being
seuenty
one
yeare
old
,
and
hauing
bin
Emperor
th●rteene
yeares
.
He
founded
three
Vniuersities
,
one
at
Ban●●●a
,
another
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
,
and
the
third
,
at
Papia
;
storing
them
with
learned
men
from
al
places
.
He
erected
many
monasteries
in
Germany
,
for
the
education
of
christian
youngemen
insteed
of
scho●●s
,
he
celebrated
siue
counsels
or
Synods
for
the
state
E●●lesiasticall
,
and
i●
superstitiously
worshipped
of
many
for
a
Saint
.
Lewes
Pius
.
LEwes
the
sonne
of
Charles
the
great
,
because
of
his
great
piety
,
was
called
Pius
the
godly
,
hearing
of
his
fathers
death
,
went
to
Aquisgra●e
,
where
he
gaue
audience
to
the
Ambassadors
,
of
the
Greeke
Emp.
Leo
,
and
renewed
the
league
,
ending
the
Dacian
war
,
as
he
wished
.
He
cut
of●
the
the
head
of
Bernardus
k.
of
Italy
,
and
Nephew
of
Pipin
,
because
he
aspired
to
the
Empire
,
banishing
all
his
followers
,
among
whom
wer
some
clergimen
.
He
subdued
the
Britans
and
Bulgarians
,
as
troublers
of
common
peace
.
He
receiued
Stephen
the
4.
comming
from
Rome
into
France
with
great
pomp
,
and
was
annointed
and
crowned
by
him
at
Orleance
.
He
referred
the
Ambasof
Michaell
the
Graecian
Emp.
about
Images
to
the
Pope
.
He
had
foure
sons
,
Loth●●ius
,
whom
he
made
k.
of
Italy
,
in
Bernardus
place
,
Pip●n
of
Aquitane
,
Lewes
of
Bauaria
,
&
Carclus
Caliuis
,
by
his
wise
Iudith
,
whom
he
made
kings
of
France
and
Burgu●●y
,
and
of
whom
afterward
the
religious
●●●her
receiued
many
hurtes
,
for
hee
was
taken
by
them
,
and
imprisoned
him
most
v●●aturally
at
Soyssomae
Medardus
.
And
after
a
yeare
he
was
againe
restered
〈◊〉
liberty
,
and
his
dignity
pardoning
their
ingratitude
,
and
dealing
〈◊〉
with
them
.
He
died
at
Meth
,
in
the
17.
year
of
his
raign
,
being
threescore
&
foure
yeare
old
.
He
gaue
Paschall
Bishop
of
Rome
power
to
elect
Bishops
and
decreed
that
clearg●men
should
wear
no
pretious
stones
,
o●
other
sol●
and
chargeable
a●●ires
.
Theophilus
.
AFter
the
death
of
Michaell
Balbus
,
his
son
Theophilus
was
made
Emp.
at
〈◊〉
He
was
mild
and
temperate
to
his
subiects
,
but
yet
punishing
them
with
deth
that
worshipped
images
.
He
sought
twice
with
the
〈◊〉
,
who
depopulated
Asia
,
and
was
by
them
twice
ouercome
and
depr●●ed
of
his
holds
.
They
also
took
&
raced
down
Amorium
,
from
whence
he
arose
and
died
,
after
he
had
raigned
xii
.
yeares
of
a
bloody
slix
.
Hee
was
a
good
and
gentle
Prince
,
and
left
behind
,
a
son
called
Michaell
.
Michaell
.
MYchaell
was
made
Em●being
a
child
,
&
was
in
the
tuition
of
his
mother
Th●odora
,
&
other
the
principal
men
of
the
〈◊〉
who
gouerned
the
Emp●●
for
him
.
Assoon
as
he
was
of
age
,
&
his
mother
had
yeelded
to
him
,
he
sent
his
Am.
to
Rome
to
Nicelas
,
the●
.
Pope
of
that
name
,
to
salure
the
〈◊〉
of
the
Apostles
,
with
a
golden
cup
of
wonderfull
waight
.
Hee
was
more
like
his
grandfather
,
then
his
father
,
&
so
distressed
the
state
again
throgh
sloth
and
prodigality
,
for
when
he
was
pressed
with
many
warres
,
he
could
not
be
reuoked
from
horse
races
.
He
censured
his
mother
to
a
mona●●ery
because
she
wold
not
indure
images
.
After
the
deth
of
Bardas
,
who
was
●●●in
at
B●rriers
,
wherunto
he
was
addicted
like
a
mad
man
.
He
made
Basilius
the
Macedonian
co-partner
of
the
Empi●
by
whom
he
was
shortly
a●ter
slain
,
in
the
xii
.
ye●re
of
his
raigne
,
whereof
hee
raigned
three
with
his
Mother
,
And
while
his
mother
Theodora
had
the
gouernement
,
the
Bulgarians
a
peoof
Scithia
,
did
commonly
professe
christian
religion
.
Lotharius
.
LOtharius
the
eldest
son
of
Lewes
the
godly
,
after
a
skirmish
amonge
the
brethren
,
tooke
vpon
him
the
Empire
,
Charles
had
France
,
and
Lewes
had
Germany
,
which
concord
of
brethren
lasted
not
long
,
for
on
Easter
day
,
they
violently
met
in
Arms
at
Fountague
,
a
village
Altissedorum
,
wherin
their
was
so
great
a
slaughter
,
that
there
was
little
difference
betwixt
the
conquered
or
the
conqueror
,
but
yet
the
side
of
Charles
had
the
better
.
Afterward
by
the
helpe
of
Sergius
the
second
of
that
name
,
Bishop
of
Rome
,
was
there
a
peace
concluded
,
vpon
condition
that
Lotharius
shoulde
enioy
with
the
title
of
Emperor
all
Italy
and
Gallia
Narbonensis
,
Lewes
should
haue
Germany
,
and
Charles
France
to
the
Ocean
,
and
ther
was
added
to
the
●m
.
Austrasia
,
which
is
now
calld
Lotharingta
,
after
his
name
.
He
left
3.
sons
Lewes
,
Charls
,
and
Lotharius
.
There
were
many
Cometes
seen
before
the
fight
of
the
brethren
.
Afterward
in
the
fifteenth
yeare
of
his
raigne
,
he
departed
this
life
,
leauing
the
Empire
to
Lewes
his
son
,
whom
5.
years
before
he
had
made
co-partner
of
his
Empire
,
&c.
and
being
induced
with
remorse
of
aduerse
desseigues
(
as
some
men
suppose
)
he
relinquished
the
Empire
,
and
led
a
monasticall
life
in
the
monastery
of
Pruma
.
Lodowich
2.
LEwes
the
second
the
son
of
Lotharius
,
was
crownd
king
of
Italy
at
Rome
,
by
Sergius
the
Pope
,
in
the
life
of
his
father
.
At
Beneuent
he
defeated
the
and
ouercame
Saracens
,
who
in
huge
troopes
had
discended
into
Italy
.
Leauing
Italy
,
at
his
returne
into
Germany
,
after
the
death
of
his
father
,
he
liued
at
continuall
discord
with
Charles
king
of
Fraunce
for
the
kingdome
of
Austrasia
,
which
belonged
to
Lotharius
,
&
Charles
did
absolutely
challenge
.
But
the
difference
compounded
,
he
presently
after
dyed
at
Millain
,
when
he
had
raigned
xxi
.
yeares
,
leauing
behinde
him
two
sons
,
Charles
and
Lewes
;
this
king
of
France
,
that
of
Germany
.
Before
all
men
liuing
,
hee
most
esteemed
Nicolas
the
first
,
gracing
his
inauguration
with
his
presence
,
and
in
all
their
counsels
,
mutually
assisting
one
another
.
Basilius
.
AT
that
time
when
Basil
the
Macedonian
,
who
slew
Michaell
,
gouerned
the
East
,
then
was
Lewes
the
2.
Lord
of
the
West
.
At
his
comming
to
the
Empire
,
he
reuoked
the
excessiue
dona●●●es
of
Michaell
,
and
confiscated
the
halfe
of
them
that
were
alreadye
receiued
into
his
treasury
.
By
the
consente
of
Adrian
the
seconde
hee
assembled
a
generall
counsell
at
Constantinople
,
about
the
receiuing
of
the
Bulgarians
into
the
christian
congregation
,
where
after
longe
contention
;
at
laste
,
it
was
concluded
,
that
they
shold
be
subiect
to
the
Roman
papacy
.
By
his
Lieutenant
Nicephorus
Phocas
,
he
quited
Ancona
and
Dalmatta
of
the
Saracens
.
He
was
very
thrifty
and
liued
vpon
his
country
Domanies
.
He
died
when
he
had
raig
.
20
years
,
leauing
the
Empire
to
his
two
sons
Leo
and
Alexander
.
Leo.
Leo
the
sonne
of
Basilius
,
aided
the
Bulgarians
against
the
Turkes
,
but
receiued
the
ouerthrow
,
vnder
the
conduct
of
Simon
his
Lieutenant
.
He
likewise
gaue
battell
to
the
Saracens
,
inuading
Leuos
.
He
was
an
excellent
Phylosopher
,
well
seene
in
all
sciences
,
but
especially
so
profoundly
studied
in
Astrology
,
that
thereby
he
fore-told
that
his
sonne
Constantine
should
succeed
him
in
the
Empire
.
At
his
death
he
bequeathed
the
Empire
to
his
Brother
Alexander
,
commending
vnto
his
protection
the
tuition
of
his
son
Const●ntine
,
whom
a
little
before
,
he
had
caused
to
be
crownd
by
the
hands
of
Euthimus
the
Patriarch
.
He
had
two
wiues
Theophania
,
to
whose
name
he
dedicated
a
chapple
,
and
Zoc
.
He
likewise
builded
the
church
of
S.
Lazarus
,
&
there
he
translated
his
body
.
To
make
experiment
of
the
faithfulnes
and
industry
of
the
Watch
of
the
citty
,
one
night
changing
his
apparrell
and
furniture
,
he
secretly
&
alone
stole
out
of
the
court
,
and
entring
the
first
watch
,
by
bestowing
a
liberall
rewarde
vpon
the
watchmen
,
he
quitted
himselfe
of
further
trouble
,
and
so
passed
on
to
the
second
:
where
arrming
,
and
thinkeing
to
do
with
them
as
with
the
former
,
was
well
beaten
for
his
offer
,
and
cast
into
prison
.
The
next
day
hee
bountifully
rewarded
these
rough
and
trusty
Warders
,
but
the
former
he
expeld
the
citty
,
&
confiscated
theyr
goods
.
About
this
time
Dalmatia
and
Selauonia
receiued
the
christian
religion
.
Charles
the
Bald.
CHarles
the
Bald
the
youngest
son
of
Lodowick
Piu●
,
k.
of
France
,
a
prince
exceeding
curtcous
,
but
aboue
measure
ambitious
,
before
his
comming
to
the
Empire
,
contended
along
time
at
vncertain
hazard
of
war
with
the
Britans
and
Normans
.
Being
sent
for
to
Rome
by
Leo
the
fourth
,
he
expulsed
the
Saracens
out
of
the
citty
.
A
few
yeares
after
,
hearing
of
the
departure
of
his
Nephew
Lewes
,
he
discended
into
Italy
,
and
there
was
crowned
Emperor
by
Iohn
the
8.
Vpon
his
returne
towards
France
,
he
deputed
his
wiues
brother
Gouernor
of
Italy
,
but
returning
thither
again
,
he
found
his
Nephewes
the
sons
of
the
Emp.
Lewes
in
arms
against
him
,
with
whom
he
ioyned
battell
at
Verona
.
But
being
ouerthrown
,
he
retired
to
Mantua
,
wher
through
griefe
,
yet
not
without
the
suspition
of
poyson
,
ministred
by
Zedech●as
a
Iew
,
his
Phisition
,
he
died
,
when
he
had
raigned
six
yeares
.
Lewes
the
Bald.
LEwes
the
bald
,
and
third
of
this
name
,
King
of
Fraunce
,
(
whome
some
men
will
haue
to
bee
the
sonne
of
Charles
the
balde
,
others
of
Lewes
the
King
of
Germany
,
but
most
likelye
,
the
sonne
of
Caluis
)
was
annointed
and
crowned
Emperour
in
a
Counsell
assembled
at
Tricasses
by
Iohn
the
eight
,
then
liuing
in
Fraunce
,
and
lastly
escaped
out
of
the
safest
holde
or
prison
of
the
Romaines
,
much
against
the
Willes
of
the
Italian
Princes
.
Being
of
an
vnhealthy
body
,
he
scarce
gouerned
the
Empire
two
years
.
He
died
at
compendium
,
the
same
day
christ
suffred
,
leauing
behind
two
children
,
Charles
the
simple
,
king
of
France
,
and
Charlemain
the
father
of
Arnulphus
.
About
this
time
the
Normans
,
who
vexed
the
French
with
continual
inrods
,
wer
defeated
by
Richard
Duke
of
Burgundy
,
and
Robert
Earle
of
Parris
,
who
afterwards
became
king
of
France
.
Charles
the
grosse
.
CHarles
for
his
burly
body
,
sur-named
Crassus
,
the
son
of
Lewes
,
the
eleuenth
k.
of
the
Germains
,
was
crowned
of
Iohn
the
8.
Bishop
of
Rome
.
An
accident
seldome
hapning
to
any
one
Bishop
,
as
to
bee
saide
,
with
in
foure
yeares
,
to
haue
crowned
4.
Emperours
.
In
many
battels
he
ouerthrew
Pannonij
,
and
christned
Robert
Duke
of
Normandy
,
to
whome
afterwards
he
gaue
his
daughter
in
marriage
,
with
a
parcell
of
France
.
But
being
neither
profitable
for
the
state
,
nor
well
in
wits
,
he
was
deposed
,
&
Arnulph
Charlemaines
son
was
crowned
in
his
steed
.
So
after
ten
yeares
of
his
raigne
he
died
,
and
was
buried
at
Angea
.
His
deuotion
and
loue
to
learning
and
lerned
men
,
whom
he
would
incorage
to
write
,
was
very
commendable
in
him
.
Arnulph
.
ARnulphus
the
son
of
Charlemaine
,
the
Nephew
of
Charles
the
grosse
,
who
had
appointed
him
a
protector
,
was
chosen
Emper.
by
the
Nobilitye
,
&
pacified
with
an
exceeding
great
slaughter
,
the
rebelious
Normans
.
Presently
being
giuen
to
rapine
and
couetousnesse
,
ransaked
churches
,
and
after
he
had
raigned
xii
.
yeare
,
by
the
iust
iudgement
of
God
,
he
died
of
the
lowsie
disease
.
Vnder
him
the
maiesty
of
the
Romaine
Empire
,
devolued
to
the
Germans
,
after
it
had
remained
in
France
almost
an
hundred
yeares
.
Lodouicus
.
LEwes
the
son
of
Arnulph
,
as
heire
to
his
father
,
was
elected
Emp.
by
the
French
and
Germans
,
but
neuer
crowned
.
He
raigned
six
years
.
After
the
death
of
his
father
,
he
defeated
the
Hungarians
,
inuading
Germany
with
a
great
slaughter
,
at
the
riuer
Licus
.
A
while
after
,
himself
was
ouercome
by
the
said
Hungars
.
Berengarius
.
BErengarius
prince
of
Forum-iulij
,
a
Lumbard
,
of
an
excelent
good
wit
,
&
mighty
in
Armes
,
partly
to
withstande
the
continuall
in
cursions
of
the
Barbarians
,
into
Italy
,
and
partly
,
not
to
loose
their
auncient
title
,
&
maiesty
of
an
Empire
,
was
by
the
Italians
nominated
successor
of
Arnulph
.
Hee
ouerthrew
Lodowick
son
of
Arnulph
at
Verona
,
and
taking
him
captiue
,
put
out
his
eies
.
By
bribes
he
cleared
Italy
of
the
Pannonij
.
Hee
slew
Guido
prince
of
Spoletum
.
He
gouerned
the
state
4.
yeares
.
Berengarius
2.
Berengarius
the
second
,
succeeding
the
first
,
after
three
or
foure
yeares
vsurpation
,
was
deposed
by
Rodulph
king
of
Burgundy
.
Alexander
.
ALexander
being
xx
.
years
old
,
neither
like
his
Father
Basil
,
nor
his
brother
Leo
,
succeeded
in
the
Empire
of
Constantinople
.
A
man
giuen
to
lechery
and
sloath
:
and
for
his
delight
in
hunting
,
horses
,
dogs
,
&
curious
houshold-stuffe
,
omitting
the
affaires
of
the
Empire
.
He
preferred
to
honorable
place
,
base
and
wicked
persons
.
He
died
of
a
surfet
,
the
bloud
gushing
out
at
his
nostrils
and
fundament
,
leauing
his
Brothers
son
sucessor
,
after
he
had
raigned
one
yeare
and
one
mouth
.
Constantine
.
COnstantine
the
son
of
Leo
,
Basilius
at
seauen
years
of
age
,
after
the
death
of
Alexander
his
Vncle
,
was
left
by
his
Father
to
succeed
in
the
Empire
,
vnder
the
protection
of
his
Mother
,
and
certaine
of
the
Nobility
,
by
whose
valor
Andronicus
D●●as
intending
by
tiranny
to
vsurp
vpon
the
state
,
was
suppressed
.
His
step-father
Romanus
being
banished
,
and
his
sonne
Christopher
,
with
the
whole
kindred
of
the
Lee●peni
,
being
extinguished
,
hee
gouerned
the
Empire
one
and
fifty
years
,
to
good
commendation
.
He
took
Beneuent
from
the
Lumbards
,
and
suppressed
certaine
tyran●s
.
He
inforced
the
princes
of
the
Turks
,
to
become
christians
.
Being
a
friend
to
learning
&
good
arts
,
he
in
a
manner
restored
them
from
death
to
life
.
●e
left
to
his
son
Romanus
a
booke
,
wherin
he
acquainted
his
son
with
the
whole
estate
of
the
Empire
,
the
leagues
of
confederats
,
the
strength
of
the
enemies
,
theyr
gouernementes
and
counsels
;
which
the
Venetians
to
this
daye
,
keepe
in
theyr
library
,
as
a
Iewell
of
great
woorth
,
because
hee
intreateth
much
of
theyr
affaires
.
Conrade
.
COnradus
the
Nephew
of
Lodowick
,
by
a
brother
the
son
of
Arnulph
,
the
last
of
the
royall
race
of
Charls
the
great
,
king
of
Germany
,
was
created
Caesar
,
but
not
crowned
of
the
Bishop
.
He
ouerthrew
the
hungars
,
whom
Berengarius
vsurping
the
name
of
Emp-in
Italy
,
had
incoraged
again
to
inuade
Germany
.
By
the
ayde
of
Otho
Duke
of
Saxony
,
his
sonne
Henry
was
declared
Emperour
by
Conrade
,
vpon
his
death-bed
,
in
the
seuenth
year
of
his
raigne
.
Henry
.
HEnry
sonne
to
Otho
Duke
of
Saxony
,
called
Aucuparius
,
after
the
death
of
Conrade
,
gouerned
the
Empire
of
the
Germans
,
after
it
was
translated
from
Charles
the
great
to
the
Saxons
:
he
ouer
came
the
Hungars
,
and
subiected
the
Sclauons
:
he
made
the
Dalmatians
tributaries
,
&
gouerned
the
Bohemians
by
the
Lawes
of
the
empire
:
he
tooke
Brand-berry
,
and
vanquishing
the
Vandals
(
who
at
that
time
had
receiued
the
christian
religion
)
gaue
firme
peace
to
the
prouinces
of
Germany
:
hee
recouered
Lotharing
.
Being
neere
his
death
,
he
appointed
his
sonne
Otho
his
successor
,
when
he
had
raigned
eighteen
yeares
.
In
his
time
ambitious
soueraignty
maintained
strong
factions
,
for
the
space
almost
of
lx.
yeares
,
from
the
death
of
Arnulph
to
the
first
Otho
.
Otho
.
OTho
the
sonne
of
henry
Aucups
,
a
man
of
an
excellent
wit
,
and
wild
nature
,
was
chosen
emperor
by
the
agreement
of
the
whole
Nobility
of
Germany
,
and
was
crowned
at
Aqui●●graue
by
the
Bishop
of
Mogunc●●
:
And
was
called
into
Italy
by
Agapitans
the
Pope
,
and
most
of
the
〈◊〉
Nobility
,
to
whom
the
tyrranny
of
Berengarius
the
third
,
and
his
sonne
Albert
were
hatefull
,
with
fifty
thousand
souldiors
,
where
he
disposessed
Berengarius
of
the
Empire
,
and
Albert
of
his
gouerment
in
Italy
,
yet
conditionaly
that
by
way
of
liberality
,
they
should
inioy
possessions
in
Galia
Cisalpina
beyond
Po.
Departing
from
thence
,
he
restored
Lewes
King
of
Fraunce
to
his
pristinate
estate
,
whome
some
of
his
Nobility
had
before
deposed
,
and
cast
into
prison
.
He
deposed
Pope
Iohn
accused
of
many
crimes
,
and
in
his
steed
placed
Leo.
He
droue
Beslaus
from
the
kingdome
of
Bohemia
for
the
slaughter
of
his
brothers
.
He
plagued
the
Hungars
which
wasted
Italy
,
in
one
conflict
whereof
,
three
petty
Kings
of
Hungary
being
taken
by
the
Germans
,
were
hanged
much
against
the
mind
of
the
Emperor
.
Berengarius
and
his
son
Albert
being
ouerthrowne
in
battell
,
the
one
fled
into
Constantinople
,
and
the
other
into
Austria
,
and
there
ended
their
dayes
in
misery
.
And
this
was
the
end
of
the
Emperors
,
or
the
kings
,
or
the
tyrants
(
tearme
them
as
yee
wil
)
which
arose
in
Rome
,
in
Constantinople
and
Italy
.
Things
thus
dispatched
,
he
came
to
Rome
,
and
there
being
saluted
Emperour
and
Augustus
by
the
whole
people
,
he
was
the
first
of
the
Germans
that
was
annointed
and
crowby
the
Bishop
of
Rome
:
he
died
after
he
had
raigned
36.
yeares
.
he
was
the
first
of
the
Emperors
that
gaue
that
forme
of
oath
to
the
Pope
,
which
is
extant
63.
distinction
.
Can.
Tibi
domin●
Iohanni
.
Romanus
.
ROmanus
Lecapenus
obscurely
born
;
notwithstanding
his
mostreligious
oth
,
that
he
woulde
not
make
claime
to
the
Empire
,
neither
for
himselfe
nor
his
son
Christopher
,
going
about
to
betray
his
father
in
law
Constantine
,
and
to
thrust
him
into
a
cloister
,
as
hee
waged
an
infortunate
warre
against
the
Bulgars
,
and
had
now
raigned
six
and
twenty
years
,
&
was
taken
by
Stephen
his
sonne
,
and
shut
vp
in
an
Island
.
A
while
after
,
both
hee
and
his
sons
being
taken
by
Constantine
(
intending
the
like
against
constantine
,
as
they
did
against
their
father
,
fel
into
the
same
pit
,
which
they
digged
for
another
,
the
one
was
confined
into
Proconesse
,
the
other
into
Lesbus
.
ROmanus
the
son
of
constantine
,
called
the
younger
,
the
Nephew
of
the
elder
,
a
man
wholy
giuen
to
riot
and
idlenes
,
being
created
Emperour
after
the
death
of
his
father
,
committed
the
gouernement
of
the
state
to
one
Ioseph
Bringa
.
In
other
affaires
where
he
would
apply
his
mind
thereunto
,
wise
and
diligent
inough
:
he
droue
the
Saracens
out
of
creet
,
and
the
Turkes
out
of
Asia
,
vnder
the
conduct
of
Nicephorus
Phocas
:
hee
sequestrod
from
his
company
his
mother
hellen
:
his
sisters
he
banished
the
court
,
taking
from
them
their
rich
apparrell
,
in
griefe
whereof
,
they
afterwardes
maintaind
themselus
by
prostrating
their
bodies
for
lucre
:
himself
at
last
admidst
his
wantonnes
&
idlenes
,
was
poysoned
in
the
13.
year
of
his
raign
.
Nicephorus
Phocas
.
NYcephorus
Phocas
hauing
obtaind
the
Empire
after
the
death
of
Romanus
the
younger
,
rigged
out
a
fleet
against
the
Saracens
that
had
conquered
Sicily
,
and
led
an
army
against
the
said
people
,
wasting
Asia
.
The
war
in
Sicily
vnder
the
conduct
of
his
lieutenantes
prospered
not
,
but
Cilicia
,
and
a
great
part
of
Asia
,
he
recouered
fortunately
,
and
by
night
surprized
Antioch
,
expulsing
the
Saracens
.
At
last
vnder
the
pretence
of
war
,
for
grieuing
the
people
with
subsides
,
and
the
church
with
tributes
,
for
abasing
the
coine
,
and
lessening
the
weight
,
he
became
odious
to
al
men
,
&
was
slain
in
his
bed
by
Iohn
Zimisees
,
Theophania
his
wife
letting
in
the
murderers
.
He
raigned
x.
years
,
or
as
Ignatius
writeth
,
six
years
and
so
many
mon.
Iohn
Zimisees
.
IOhn
〈◊〉
hauing
slaine
Nicephorus
Phocas
,
succeeded
in
the
Empyre
,
and
●●ue
all
the
●●ndred
or
Nicephorus
,
and
recalled
al
those
that
wer
in
〈◊〉
.
He
●reated
Dasilius
and
Constantine
brothers
,
and
the
sons
of
the
younger
〈◊〉
Caesars
,
and
his
consorts
in
the
Empire
.
He
slue
sph●●●●●●
king
of
the
Ro●●lani
,
who
had
almost
conquered
al
Bulgaria
,
and
his
whole
〈◊〉
.
The
Trophees
of
which
victory
,
hee
dedicated
in
the
church
of
〈◊〉
,
and
writ
vpon
the
image
of
our
fauiour
,
To
Iesus
Christ
the
King
of
kings
.
He
was
poisoned
in
the
sixt
yeare
of
his
raigne
.
Otho
2.
OTho
the
seconde
,
the
son
of
Otho
the
first
,
by
Adelanda
,
after
his
good
fortune
against
the
Saracens
and
the
Greeks
;
and
admitted
partner
of
the
Empire
by
his
father
,
was
annointed
and
crowned
by
Iohn
the
〈◊〉
.
bishop
of
Rome
:
hetamed
Henry
the
rebell
,
and
Duke
of
Bauar
,
and
conuerting
his
forces
against
Lotharius
,
king
of
France
,
which
challenged
〈◊〉
he
entred
France
,
and
cruelly
spoiling
the
territories
of
Laudue
and
〈◊〉
,
he
sicred
the
subburbs
of
Parris
,
but
in
his
return
towards
Germany
,
he
suffered
a
grie●ous
losse
by
the
Frenchmen
,
as
he
was
to
passe
the
ry●er
.
Izo
b●●oord
,
many
of
his
people
being
swallowed
by
the
waters
,
many
slaine
by
the
multitude
o●
pursuing
enemies
.
A
while
after
,
vnderstandinge
that
the
Saracens
had
re-infested
Calabria
,
hee
speeded
thither
,
and
was
ouerthrowne
〈◊〉
B●sentell
,
his
Battalions
being
almost
al
vtterly
slaine
.
Himself
getting
a
boord
a
small
shallop
was
taken
by
Pirates
,
and
carried
into
Sicill
,
where
being
knowne
by
the
promisse
of
a
large
and
bountifull
ransome
,
hee
obtained
to
be
conueyed
to
Rome
:
Afterwards
the
Pyrates
were
hanged
by
the
Sicilians
.
At
Rome
gathring
togither
the
relickes
of
his
scattered
forces
,
he
assaulted
the
Beneu●nts
,
forsaking
their
colors
,
and
at
vnawars
took
theyr
citty
,
fearing
no
such
calamity
,
sacked
it
,
and
burnt
it
:
hauing
thus
ruinated
Beneuent
,
he
returned
to
Rome
,
and
there
died
,
after
his
sole
raigne
,
and
hi●
father●
death
,
ten
years
,
some
men
report
,
that
he
was
poysoned
by
the
Italians
,
for
his
seuere
gouerment
.
Constantine
.
COnstantine
and
Basilius
brethren
,
the
sons
of
Romanus
the
younger
,
gouerned
the
state
after
Iohn
,
for
the
space
of
〈◊〉
.
yeares
,
to
the
times
of
the
second
Otho
.
Basilius
first
raigned
alone
L.
yeares
,
and
getting
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
a
rebellious
Duke
into
possession
,
put
out
his
〈◊〉
.
The
mutinous
〈◊〉
he
ouerthrew
in
diuers
great
battels
.
And
taking
Sa●uell
their
leader
,
and
fifteen
thousand
prisoners
,
bereft
them
all
of
their
eyes
,
leauing
on
ly
one
his
sight
,
to
conduct
Samuell
:
Samuell
died
for
griefe
a
while
after
.
〈◊〉
hauing
inlarged
the
bounds
of
the
Empire
,
departed
this
life
at
Lxxii
.
ye●res
of
age
,
and
the
Lii
.
of
his
raigne
,
leauing
Constantine
his
brother
,
〈◊〉
Lord
〈◊〉
the
Empire
.
Constantine
.
COnstantine
raigned
three
yeares
,
after
the
death
of
his
brother
,
a
man
of
al●
o●her
mo●●
sloathfull
,
and
committing
the
charge
of
the
Empire
●ther
men●
care
:
he
died
at
seuenty
years
of
age
,
leauing
behind
him
three
daughters
,
Eudochia
,
Theodora
,
and
Zoe
,
married
to
Romanus
Argiropylus
,
who
succeeded
him
.
About
this
time
Henry
Duke
of
Burgundy
,
leauing
no
yssue
behind
him
,
bequeathed
his
dutchy
to
thek
.
of
Fraunce
by
testament
.
Romanus
Argiropylus
.
ROmanus
Argiropylus
the
son
in
law
of
constantine
,
and
his
heire
,
altered
the
forme
of
many
things
to
the
letter
,
and
was
very
liberal
to
al
men
.
But
after
his
iourney
into
Asia
against
the
Saracens
,
which
hapned
not
according
to
his
hopes
,
he
suddenly
chaunged
,
and
gaue
himselfe
wholy
to
sloath
and
auarice
.
And
a
while
after
,
by
the
treason
of
Zoe
,
a
most
lasciuious
and
barren
woman
,
and
Michaell
Paphlagon
the
adulterer
,
he
was
drowned
in
Bathing
,
when
he
had
reigned
5.
years
and
a
halfe
.
Otho
3.
OTho
the
third
,
duke
of
Saxony
,
the
son
of
Otho
the
second
,
being
nominated
Emperor
by
the
German
Princes
,
was
crowned
Emperour
by
Gregory
the
fifth
,
his
kinsman
,
(
sur-named
Bruno
)
and
whom
he
had
preferred
to
the
papacy
.
But
the
Emperor
returned
into
Saxony
,
Gregorye
the.
5.
was
forced
from
the
citty
by
Iohn
the
Antipope
.
Which
Otho
hearing
,
in
a
rage
,
gathered
his
forces
,
returning
into
Italy
,
and
took
Rome
by
force
.
Crescentius
the
Consull
and
author
of
the
sedition
he
tooke
,
put
out
his
eies
,
cut
off
his
eares
,
and
set
him
on
an
Asse
with
his
face
towards
the
taile
,
to
be
derided
through
the
whole
citty
,
and
at
last
slue
him
.
He
likewise
thrust
out
the
eyes
of
Pope
Iohn
,
and
restored
his
kinsman
Gregory
to
his
former
dignity
.
It
was
this
Gregory
that
made
the
Law
,
which
is
held
inviolable
to
this
day
,
in
this
forme
.
None
of
the
Emperors
hereafter
shall
claime
the
Empire
by
in
heritance
.
Let
six
Princes
,
whereof
three
to
be
of
the
clergy
,
and
three
of
the
Layty
be
chosen
:
If
these
cannot
agree
,
Let
the
King
of
Bohemia
be
Vmpier
.
When
he
had
reigned
xix
.
year
,
he
died
at
Rome
,
not
without
suspition
of
poyson
.
He
maried
Mary
the
daughter
of
the
king
of
Aragon
,
and
as
report
went
,
an
intemperat
woman
.
For
his
quick
wit
,
and
singular
wisedome
,
he
was
called
the
wonder
of
the
world
.
About
this
time
the
cittie
of
Soysons
by
the
treason
of
Erle
Retgnold
escheted
to
the
crowne
of
France
.
Henry
2.
HEnry
the
second
of
this
name
,
a
Bavarian
,
surnamed
claudus
,
either
the
sonne
of
the
first
Otho
,
or
Nephew
by
his
daughter
,
being
chosen
Emperor
by
the
electors
,
according
to
the
instituion
of
Gregory
,
in
the
yeare
of
our
Lord
1003.
deferred
his
iourney
into
Italy
,
by
the
space
of
xii
.
years
.
He
had
much
to
do
with
the
French
,
but
more
with
the
people
of
Mets.
Being
crowned
at
Rome
by
Benedict
the
eight
,
he
remoued
to
c●p●a
,
and
expulsed
the
Saracens
out
of
Italy
.
He
besieged
Troia
in
the
borders
of
Apulia
,
where
once
Hanniball
pitched
his
camp
,
and
was
builte
by
the
Greekes
,
and
tooke
it
by
composition
.
Historians
do
much
commend
this
Henry
,
that
being
a
most
christian
prince
,
hee
liued
alwaies
chast
with
his
wife
〈◊〉
.
Hauing
ouerthrown
the
hungars
,
he
petswaded
them
to
christianity
by
reasons
and
importunat
intreaties
,
giuing
withall
his
daughter
in
marriage
,
to
Stephenk
of
hungary
:
when
he
had
gouernd
the
Emzelously
&
religiously
eight
years
he
died
,
and
was
buried
at
Vrāberg
,
Conradus
the
ii
.
a
Frenchman
,
being
lawfully
chosen
his
successor
by
the
electors
,
for
the
integrity
of
his
life
,
and
the
miracles
after
his
death
,
he
was
admitted
into
the
Cathalogue
of
Saints
.
Conrade
2.
COnrade
a
Frenchman
,
the
second
of
the
name
,
after
three
years
interreigne
,
at
last
by
the
lawfull
suffrage
of
the
princes
electors
,
was
chosen
Emp.
for
his
vertues
and
military
discipline
.
In
the
beginning
of
his
raigne
,
finding
all
thinges
out
of
order
,
he
wrought
his
son
into
the
copartnership
of
the
Empire
,
least
in
his
absence
in
Italy
,
his
subiects
in
Germany
for
want
of
an
head
should
mutiny
.
He
besiedged
Millain
along
time
,
and
as
he
threatned
the
citty
with
finall
destruction
,
being
terrified
with
an
Oracle
,
he
desisted
from
his
purpose
.
And
so
departing
from
Millain
,
he
cam
to
Rome
,
where
he
was
crowned
with
the
crown
of
gold
by
Iohn
the
xii
.
He
fought
happily
against
the
Sclauonians
and
Pannonians
,
who
had
ayded
him
in
pacifieng
Italy
.
He
builded
the
church
of
Spire
,
with
great
cost
,
wherein
with
Gisclla
his
Wife
,
vpon
whom
he
begat
Henry
the
second
,
he
lyeth
buried
,
in
the
xv
.
yeare
of
his
raign
.
In
his
raign
,
the
Counsell
of
Triburgi
was
held
at
Mogunce
,
and
Burgundy
was
diuided
into
a
Dukedome
and
an
Earledome
,
the
Dukedome
to
appertaine
to
the
house
of
France
,
the
Earledome
to
the
Empire
.
Michaell
Paphlago
.
MYchael
Paphlago
,
the
adulterer
of
Zoe
,
and
who
had
slain
hir
husband
,
was
preferred
to
the
Empire
of
Constantinople
,
by
the
said
Zoe
.
A
woman
nothing
beautifull
,
but
of
a
stirring
spirit
,
wauering
vpon
all
occasions
,
and
of
a
stinking
breath
,
Who
would
not
cursse
such
immoderat
affections
in
a
woman
of
fifty
yeares
of
age
?
Or
nor
admire
the
inconstancy
of
Fortune
in
a
price
of
such
worth
?
At
last
she
arrogated
to
her selfe
all
imperial
iurisdiction
,
and
vsed
Michaell
as
her
vassall
.
But
this
submissiue
slatterie
lasted
not
long
,
for
Michaell
tooke
the
gouernment
into
his
own
hands
,
and
proued
no
euill
Prince
.
He
concluded
a
three
yeares
truce
with
the
Egiptian
king
,
and
deliuered
Edessa
from
siege
.
At
last
,
falling
sick
of
an
Ague
,
he
nominated
Michaell
calaphet
his
successour
in
the
empire
,
when
he
had
almost
reigned
7.
yeares
.
Mychaell
calaphet
.
MYchaell
calaphet
,
a
man
most
ignoble
,
was
adopted
by
Zoe
,
whose
parentes
caulked
Ships
in
Paphlagonia
,
from
whence
hee
tooke
his
surname
.
He
was
a
Prince
subtill
and
deceitful
,
a
dissembler
euery
way
,
enuious
,
wrathfull
,
and
apt
to
heare
tales
:
he
tooke
a
solemne
oath
at
the
feet
of
Zoe
,
that
he
would
be
onely
a
titular
emperor
,
but
the
regiment
of
the
state
should
remaine
in
her
disposition
.
Being
preferred
to
the
Empire
by
these
slatteries
,
and
once
established
,
he
gouerned
all
things
couetously
,
trecherously
,
and
cruelly
.
Ingreatefull
he
was
towards
all
men
,
first
he
deposed
his
vncle
,
next
the
remainder
of
his
kindred
he
slew
,
afterwards
he
banished
Zoe
,
pretending
that
shee
went
about
to
poyson
him
,
from
thought
whereof
,
she
was
most
innocent
.
But
the
people
taking
her
banishment
in
euill
part
,
called
Zoe
from
banishment
,
created
her
Empresse
,
and
reconering
Michaell
in
his
flight
,
put
out
his
eyes
,
as
also
his
brother
Constantius
,
a
familiar
kind
of
punishment
amongst
the
Greeks
.
He
was
Lord
4
months
and
so
many
dayes
.
Henry
3.
HEnry
the
son
of
Conrade
the
Frenchman
,
surnamed
Niger
,
when
he
was
crowned
Emperor
,
by
the
consent
of
the
Prince
,
insorced
Vldaricke
king
of
Bohemia
,
weary
of
war
,
to
become
tributary
:
he
restored
Peter
king
of
Hungary
deposed
by
his
subiects
.
At
Capua
he
ouerthrewe
the
Saracens
,
but
being
weary
of
the
controuersies
of
Rome
,
hee
banished
all
the
counterfet
pretendants
to
that
see
,
and
elected
Sindeger
bishop
of
Bamber
sole
Pope
,
afterwards
called
Clement
the
eleuenth
,
by
whom
in
the
assembly
of
the
Synod
,
he
was
consecrated
Emperor
Agustus
.
And
to
giue
future
security
in
the
election
of
Popes
,
hee
inforced
the
Romaines
to
take
an
oth
,
that
euer
after
they
shuld
not
medle
with
chusing
of
Popes
.
After
that
he
put
a
new
Garrison
into
Capua
,
to
withstand
the
attempts
of
the
Saracens
.
Returning
into
Germany
,
he
procured
his
son
,
but
fiue
yeares
olde
,
to
be
nominated
Caesar
,
&
crowned
at
Aquisgraue
.
He
died
the
xvii
year
of
his
raign
:
he
married
Agnes
the
daughter
of
William
Prince
of
Aquitan
.
In
his
raign
arose
the
heresie
of
the
Manichees
in
Gostar
,
who
accursed
the
eating
of
al
sorts
of
liuing
creatures
.
Zoe
.
ZOe
being
restored
and
called
from
banishment
,
thanked
the
people
,
&
to
their
good
liking
gouerned
Constantinople
.
She
countenanced
hir
sister
Theodora
,
and
was
married
the
third
time
to
constantinus
Monomachus
,
restored
from
banishment
.
And
scarce
3.
moneths
were
ouerpast
,
but
she
nominated
him
Emperor
.
constanstinus
Modo
.
COnstantinus
Modo
.
being
graced
with
the
titles
of
an
Emperor
,
proued
asloathfull
Prince
,
and
wholy
giuen
to
wantonnes
,
kept
a
concubine
in
place
of
his
wife
,
a
woman
of
an
excellent
beauty
he
bore
out
2.
most
grieuous
ciuill
warres
,
the
one
raised
by
Maniaces
Georgius
,
the
other
by
Leo
Tornicius
,
besides
many
forraine
.
In
his
time
began
the
armies
of
the
Turkes
to
prosper
in
Asia
,
and
he
yet
ouercam
the
Roxolani
and
the
Patzinacae
a
kind
of
Scithian
people
.
From
this
Princes
cowardize
,
the
ensuing
miseries
took
their
Originall
.
At
last
both
he
and
his
wife
died
about
one
time
of
the
pestilence
:
he
reigned
xii
.
yeares
.
He
was
liberall
to
the
poore
,
and
bountifull
to
churches
.
He
erected
an
almes
house
for
aged
persons
,
&
was
trobled
with
the
Gout
.
Theodora
.
THeodora
the
sister
of
Zoe
without
the
agreement
of
the
Senate
,
gouerned
the
Empire
2.
yeares
,
by
the
potency
of
hir
fathers
Eunuhs
,
who
confirmed
her
in
despight
of
one
Nicephorus
,
gouernor
of
the
Bulgarians
,
whom
the
Senat
had
chosen
Emperor
.
Daring
her
gouernment
the
peace
at
home
and
abroade
was
so
well
kept
,
and
the
people
founde
such
ease
and
plenty
of
all
things
,
that
no
man
repented
a
womans
gouernment
.
But
age
comming
on
,
and
her
disease
incresing
,
by
the
flatteries
of
her
Euunuches
,
she
elected
Michaell
a
very
old
man
,
her
partner
in
the
Empire
.
Michaell
the
elder
.
MYchaell
the
elder
,
a
man
very
famous
for
his
birth
and
wealth
,
but
by
reason
of
his
olde
age
,
vnfit
for
gouernment
,
after
the
death
of
Theodora
,
was
preferred
to
the
Empire
by
the
same
Euunuchs
,
vpon
condition
,
that
in
name
he
shold
be
Emperor
,
but
in
gouernment
,
themselues
.
But
when
he
was
found
to
be
vnfit
for
the
place
,
he
was
deposed
by
the
Patriarch
and
the
senat
,
&
thrust
into
a
monastery
,
when
he
hadde
ruled
scarce
one
yeare
.
Being
made
a
priuat
man
,
he
liued
not
long
after
.
Henry
4.
HEnry
the
4.
(
but
with
Ignatius
the
third
)
sonne
of
the
last
Henry
,
was
a
Prince
addicted
to
all
wicked
and
vngodly
course
,
and
by
Gregory
the
seuenth
(
otherwise
called
Heldebrand
,
to
whom
he
was
aduersary
)
declared
an
enemy
of
the
church
,
and
interdicted
.
Wher
at
finding
himself
agreeued
,
he
leuied
an
Army
,
and
taking
with
him
Clement
,
whom
he
had
created
Bishop
in
Germany
,
came
to
Rome
,
where
he
ouerthrew
the
churches
of
S.
Peter
and
Paule
,
and
besiedged
Gregory
.
His
mother
Agnes
,
a
woman
of
excellent
Wisedome
,
he
depriued
from
all
gouernment
,
for
that
she
rebuked
him
in
these
his
courses
.
He
ouerthrew
Rodulph
,
elected
Empe.
by
the
Princes
,
at
the
instigation
of
Gregory
.
What
in
him
lay
,
he
hindered
the
iourny
of
the
christian
Princes
to
the
Holy
lande
.
At
last
being
taken
by
his
son
Henry
,
whom
he
had
chosen
Emperor
,
and
committed
to
prison
at
Leyden
in
the
xlviii
.
yeare
of
his
raigne
,
hee
departed
this
life
,
through
the
loathsome
stincke
of
the
prison
.
Heldebrand
sent
the
imperiall
crowne
to
Rodulph
with
this
inscription
:
Petra
dedit
Petro
,
Petrus
diadema
Rodulpho
,
meaning
,
that
as
Christ
gaue
soueraigne
authority
to
the
church
,
so
the
church
had
power
to
bestow
it
againe
on
Princes
.
Henry
V.
HEnry
the
fifte
,
the
brother
of
the
fourth
,
receiued
the
ensignes
of
the
Empire
after
the
death
of
his
Father
,
whom
he
persecuted
with
war
,
and
retained
the
same
spleene
,
especially
against
the
Sea
of
Rome
,
in
regard
whereof
,
Pope
Pascall
did
what
he
could
to
debarre
his
entrance
into
the
cittie
.
Which
the
courage
of
the
young
Prince
taking
in
scorne
,
got
the
Pope
into
his
power
,
inforced
his
coronation
,
and
dealt
cruelly
with
the
residue
of
the
Roman
clergy
.
Which
when
the
bishop
in
the
next
counsell
had
disanuled
,
as
acts
procured
by
force
and
violence
,
Henry
in
great
fury
returned
to
the
citty
,
and
was
againe
crowned
by
the
Gouernor
Bachar
.
At
his
third
iourney
into
Italy
,
he
expulsed
Gesalius
the
second
out
of
the
cittie
.
At
his
returne
into
Germanie
.
he
died
:
leauing
no
children
behind
him
,
in
the
fifteene
yeare
of
his
empire
,
and
was
buried
at
Spire
,
amongst
his
predecessors
.
Isaac
Conuenus
.
ISaac
Conuenus
borne
of
a
Noble
house
,
quick
of
dispatch
,
strong
,
valiant
in
warre
,
prouident
in
peace
,
resolute
,
and
maiesticall
,
by
the
fauor
of
the
Patriarch
(
towards
whom
afterwards
he
proued
an
ingrate
prince
and
banished
himselfe
and
his
kindred
)
after
Michaell
gouerned
the
Empire
.
Being
taken
with
a
paine
in
his
side
as
he
rode
on
hunting
,
and
disparing
of
help
,
he
tooke
orders
,
and
resigned
his
Empire
.
Being
accused
that
hee
vsed
Michell
tyrannously
,
he
answered
he
did
it
for
the
common-weales
sake
.
Hee
gouerned
the
Constantinopolitan
Empire
two
yeares
and
three
months
.
Constantine
Ducas
.
COnstantine
Ducas
was
no
sooner
declared
Emperour
by
the
suffrages
of
the
whole
Senat
and
people
,
but
he
discouered
a
dangerous
plot
of
treason
against
his
person
,
and
hardly
escaped
it
with
safety
of
his
life
.
Hee
had
three
sonnes
,
and
as
many
daughters
by
his
wife
Eudcchia
:
he
was
zealous
of
religion
,
an
obseruer
of
equity
,
an
indifferent
good
states-man
,
but
conerous
aboue
measure
,
and
therefore
is
beloued
of
his
people
,
and
scotned
of
his
enemies
,
on
al
sides
vexing
him
and
his
dominions
.
To
these
former
miseries
were
adioyned
homebred
calamities
,
(
:
Viz:
)
that
lamentable
earth-quake
which
ouerthrew
Churches
and
houses
.
He
died
in
the
sixty
yeare
of
his
age
,
and
in
the
xii
.
yeare
of
his
raigne
:
Some
say
the
first
.
Eudochia
.
EVdochiea
the
wife
of
Constantinus
Ducas
togither
with
her
sonnes
,
as
yet
not
fit
for
gouernment
:
succeeded
her
husband
,
her
priuat
matters
she
had
beene
able
to
gouerne
easily
by
her
owne
womannish
wisedome
,
if
that
the
Warres
had
giuen
ouer
abroad
:
but
the
Barbarians
being
euery
where
ready
to
assaile
,
and
spoile
many
parts
of
the
Empire
,
being
compelled
of
the
Senat
and
the
people
to
chuse
a
most
valiant
Prince
,
who
should
defend
the
common-wealth
with
wisdome
and
fortitude
,
in
preuenting
so
great
dangers
,
and
brideling
the
forces
of
her
enemies
,
after
shee
had
gouerned
seauen
months
,
by
her
sons
consents
,
she
tooke
for
her
husband
a
Roman
sur-named
Diogenes
.
Romanus
Diogenes
.
DYogenes
the
Roman
hauing
vndertaken
the
Empire
,
when
hee
had
conquered
the
Turkes
,
and
had
freed
the
common-wealth
from
feare
,
being
taken
of
the
Senat
(
because
he
would
seeme
to
depriue
his
sonnes
in
law
of
their
right
to
the
Empire
)
and
his
eies
being
put
out
,
he
was
banished
into
an
Island
wherein
hee
was
buried
by
his
Wife
Eudochia
,
after
hee
had
raigned
three
yeares
and
eight
months
.
His
father
Patricius
gouerned
the
states
,
and
for
sedition
was
banished
into
Sardinia
.
Michaell
.
MYchaell
the
son
of
Constantinus
Ducas
,
sur-named
(
for
the
great
famine
which
was
in
the
time
of
his
gouernment
)
Parapinaceus
succeedeth
the
Empire
,
being
not
fit
to
gouerne
,
the
care
of
his
matters
deliuered
vnto
two
Eunuches
,
he
applyed
himselfe
onely
to
the
study
of
letters
,
and
making
of
verses
.
Wherefore
the
Turkes
euery
where
assailing
the
gouernors
,
as
it
were
compelled
,
chose
for
their
Emperor
Nicephorus
Botoniates
,
discending
from
the
Emperor
Nicephorus
Phocas
,
whom
the
Cittizens
of
Constantinople
easily
admitted
,
by
cause
of
the
displeasure
they
bore
their
sloathful
prince
,
first
hauing
thrust
Michaell
with
his
wife
and
sonne
into
a
Monastery
,
&
taken
for
a
Monke
:
he
raigned
six
years
.
Nicephorus
.
NYcephorus
elected
in
the
place
of
Michaell
,
hauing
taken
Constantine
the
sonne
of
Constantine
Ducas
,
who
challenged
the
Empire
for
his
right
,
he
shaued
him
and
annoynted
him
priest
.
But
not
long
after
being
deceiued
by
Alexius
Conuenus
who
was
better
beleeued
of
the
Souldiers
,
he
was
cast
out
of
the
Empire
in
the
third
year
of
his
raign
,
the
city
being
taken
by
the
Souldiers
vpon
that
day
which
was
Easter
daie
,
and
was
cast
into
a
Monasterie
or
couent
,
wherein
some
while
hee
liued
.
At
this
time
God-frey
of
Bolein
Duke
of
Loraine
tooke
his
voyage
into
Iudea
against
the
Saracens
,
attended
by
the
most
famous
,
&
most
excellent
prince
of
France
,
hauing
either
sold
or
pauned
their
goods
.
Alexius
Conuenus
.
ALexius
Conuenus
the
successor
of
Necephorus
,
as
it
were
a
profest
enemy
to
the
Latines
,
more
then
for
the
war
that
hee
vnhappily
atchieued
with
Robert
Viscardus
,
being
helpt
also
by
the
Venctians
,
hee
fought
to
hinder
that
memorable
voiage
of
the
French-men
,
whom
hee
seemed
alwaies
to
suspect
from
the
beginning
,
but
his
purpose
not
taking
effect
,
he
receiued
the
French-men
vpon
condition
to
furnish
them
with
prouision
and
other
necessaries
,
if
so
bee
that
they
would
render
to
him
what
thinges
soeuer
they
tooke
from
the
enemy
,
amongst
our
captaines
he
seemed
to
attribute
much
to
Boamundus
the
Norman
.
At
length
hauing
betaken
himselfe
to
peace
,
he
built
a
house
for
fatherlesse
children
to
be
kept
in
,
and
a
schoole
wherein
they
might
be
instructed
in
learning
,
giuing
the
expenses
out
of
his
owne
reuenewes
.
Hee
was
exceedinglie
giuen
to
praier
,
well
ordered
in
his
manners
,
in
the
end
being
much
troubled
with
a
disease
,
hee
died
when
he
had
raigned
thirty
yeares
foure
months
and
a
halfe
,
leauing
the
Empire
to
his
sonne
Iohn
,
his
mother
at
the
first
being
against
it
.
Caloioannes
.
CAloioannes
the
sonne
of
Alexius
conuenus
his
father
being
dead
obtained
the
Empire
,
he
gaue
many
dignities
vnto
his
kins
folke
,
but
especially
vnto
his
brother
Isaac
,
who
with
increadible
loue
he
affected
,
he
was
wonderfully
cumbred
with
the
Frenchmen
and
Venetians
.
Hee
obtained
many
and
famous
victories
in
the
East
against
the
Turkes
,
at
the
length
when
he
was
a
hunting
,
he
wounded
a
finger
of
his
right
hand
with
a
dart
,
by
himselfe
poisoned
which
hee
cast
at
a
barre
,
he
died
the
twenty
fiue
yeare
of
his
raigne
,
he
named
Manuell
his
younger
brother
Emperor
,
because
Isaac
was
not
yet
so
fit
to
gouerne
,
a
prince
not
altogether
to
be
misliked
.
Lotarius
2.
LOtarius
the
second
whom
some
call
Luderus
Duke
of
Saxony
,
was
created
Emperor
by
the
electors
,
there
was
great
difference
betweene
him
and
conrade
(
who
after
was
Emperour
)
for
the
Empire
,
which
afterward
was
appeased
by
the
industrie
of
S.
Barnard
.
Hee
made
a
voyage
against
the
Bohemians
,
but
the
matter
being
vnaduised
done
,
hee
lost
many
of
his
men
,
at
length
peace
being
desired
betweene
them
,
it
was
concluded
.
He
went
twice
into
Italy
,
the
first
to
appease
rebellions
stirred
vp
in
Rome
against
Innocent
the
second
(
of
whom
hee
was
Crowned
)
for
the
election
of
a
new
Bishop
,
the
next
time
against
Roger
who
vniustly
held
Campania
and
Apulia
,
him
hee
draue
from
Italy
.
These
things
being
finished
,
in
his
iourney
hee
died
of
the
plague
,
when
he
had
raigned
eleuen
yeares
.
Conradus
3.
COnrade
the
third
borne
in
Sweuland
,
King
of
Bauaria
,
Nephew
to
Henry
the
fourth
by
his
daughter
,
obtained
the
Empire
by
the
consent
of
the
princes
,
he
attempted
the
greatest
voyage
of
al
;
that
is
to
say
,
of
Asia
against
the
Saracens
,
the
which
iourney
Lewes
the
younger
,
sonne
of
Lewes
sur-named
Crassus
King
of
France
,
and
Richard
king
of
Englande
had
attempted
once
before
,
but
Bosphorus
the
Thracian
being
conueied
ouer
,
they
were
compelled
to
raise
their
siege
of
Iconium
before
they
had
brought
any
thing
to
passe
,
and
to
depart
to
their
great
dishonor
,
by
the
deceit
and
treachery
of
Emanuel
Emperor
of
Constantin
.
as
it
shall
be
reported
in
his
subsequent
life
.
Conradus
hauing
gotten
no
reputation
returned
into
Germany
,
not
hauing
receiued
the
diadem
of
the
Empire
,
he
died
in
the
fifteenth
year
of
his
raigne
.
Emanuell
.
EManuell
or
Manuell
Brother
of
Coloioannes
,
or
as
some
will
haue
it
his
sonne
Emperour
of
Constantinople
,
a
most
wicked
and
pernitious
man
to
the
christian
common-wealth
,
when
conradus
made
his
voyage
to
Ieru
salem
,
his
Souldiers
were
almost
consumed
by
famine
,
faining
to
helpe
them
with
prouision
,
by
wicked
trachery
hee
gaue
them
meate
mixt
with
lime
and
stones
beaten
small
:
in
the
like
manner
perfidiously
hee
deceiued
Lewes
the
French
King
,
so
that
in
a
short
time
the
great
strength
of
our
Souldiers
was
consumed
,
so
that
of
the
great
multitude
scarce
the
tenth
escaped
,
he
stirred
vp
Stephen
the
King
of
Pannonia
,
against
the
Venetians
,
and
put
out
both
the
eies
of
Dandalus
their
Ambassador
,
offering
his
mind
somewhat
freely
against
the
law
of
all
Nations
:
being
a
breaker
of
leagues
,
hee
cals
forth
the
fautors
and
then
laieth
hold
of
them
.
In
conclusion
,
being
oppressed
by
the
Wars
of
the
Venetians
,
hauing
promised
full
restitution
of
their
goodes
,
hee
obtained
by
request
that
hee
might
restore
them
by
annual
pensions
.
Hee
fought
a
most
deadly
battel
with
the
Turkes
,
in
the
which
he
was
almost
taken
prisoner
,
at
last
when
he
was
accounted
a
most
skilfull
Astrologer
,
and
had
promised
himsefe
long
life
,
and
prosperous
raigne
,
hauing
liued
amongst
a
society
of
Moonks
,
he
died
when
he
had
raigned
thirty
and
eight
yeares
.
Alexius
.
ALexius
being
yet
very
young
succeeded
his
father
Manuell
:
his
father
appointed
by
his
Testament
Andronicus
to
be
his
protector
,
who
behaued
himselfe
craftily
,
and
pernitiously
towards
him
,
for
he
draue
out
the
Latines
who
were
the
Emperors
greatest
friends
,
and
then
being
blinded
with
the
desire
of
the
Empire
,
he
priuily
murdered
his
kinsman
Alexius
,
being
eleauen
yeares
old
,
when
he
had
raigned
three
yeares
,
hauing
first
cut
off
his
head
,
the
body
being
put
into
a
sacke
,
he
cast
it
into
the
sea
.
Fridericus
.
FRederick
called
.
Aenobarbus
,
by
reason
that
his
beard
was
red
,
was
borne
in
Sweuland
,
his
father
being
Frederick
brother
of
Conradus
the
King
:
sayling
into
Italy
he
ouerthrew
Mediolanum
,
Derthona
,
Creniona
,
and
many
Citties
which
rebelled
against
him
:
entring
Rome
the
gates
of
Vaticane
being
shut
,
he
was
crowned
by
Pope
Adrian
the
fourth
:
but
the
Romans
rebelling
,
he
was
not
able
to
avoid
them
,
at
length
hauing
destroied
many
places
,
returning
after
some
yeares
he
went
towards
Rome
againe
,
where
hee
draue
Alexander
into
the
citty
,
and
tooke
Vatican
with
the
Cathedrall
Church
of
S.
Peter
.
In
the
end
going
vnfortunatly
to
the
citty
of
Mediolanum
which
was
assisted
by
the
Venetians
,
he
scarce
escaped
by
flight
,
al
priuat
grudges
being
ended
,
and
peace
concluded
,
he
intended
to
make
a
voyage
into
Siria
,
but
in
sailing
thither
it
is
said
he
was
drowned
when
he
had
raigned
thirty
seauen
yeares
.
Henry
6.
HEnry
the
sixt
by
reason
of
his
cruelty
called
Asper
,
his
father
liuing
was
by
the
consent
of
the
Germaine
Princes
crowned
King
of
the
Romans
at
the
citty
of
Aquisgraue
.
Afterward
his
father
being
dead
he
was
married
〈◊〉
Constance
the
daughter
of
Roger
a
Norman
being
a
Nunne
and
now
ready
for
a
husband
,
by
Pope
Clement
the
fourth
,
vpon
this
condition
that
for
his
sake
he
would
expell
the
bastard
Tancred
out
of
the
kingdome
of
Sicily
,
the
which
as
the
Pope
alledged
pertained
to
him
;
therefore
Henry
hauing
prouided
an
army
in
short
time
vanquished
Tancred
,
and
by
force
tooke
and
sacked
Naples
,
killing
two
daughters
of
Tancred
that
were
as
yet
vnmarried
.
There
are
some
notwithstanding
that
write
that
the
Emperor
was
hindered
from
his
enterprise
by
the
plague
,
and
that
he
obtained
the
kingdome
by
the
death
of
Tancred
:
after
these
things
,
falling
sick
at
Messana
he
died
,
hauing
a
sonne
named
Frederick
by
his
wife
constance
,
when
he
had
raigned
eight
yeares
.
Andronicus
.
ANdronicus
Conuenus
hauing
slaine
his
Cozen
Alexius
.
Hee
obtained
the
Empire
;
that
he
might
easier
establish
Tiranny
in
a
short
space
,
he
slue
all
the
the
peeres
whose
vertue
in
any
sort
he
suspected
,
being
hated
of
al
men
for
his
gratted
cruelty
,
when
he
was
euery
way
oppressed
by
William
the
〈◊〉
,
at
length
contrary
to
al
mens
oppinion
and
his
owne
,
he
was
conquered
in
battel
,
by
Isaac
sur-named
Angelus
,
and
east
out
of
his
Empire
,
being
ta●●n
,
and
riding
through
the
citty
vpon
a
Camell
,
carried
about
with
his
hand
cut
off
,
and
his
eics
put
out
,
vpon
his
head
a
wreath
of
garlike
placed
in
steed
of
〈◊〉
,
〈◊〉
by
the
rage
of
multitude
and
common
people
,
he
died
,
when
he
had
〈◊〉
two
yeares
.
Isaacus
Angelus
.
ISaac
sur-named
Angelus
,
borne
of
the
middle
stock
of
the
Conueus
,
when
he
had
contrary
to
all
mens
hope
conquered
Andronicus
,
he
to
no
purpose
gathered
a
name
against
ciprus
.
He
likewise
infortunatly
,
waged
war
with
the
Mysians
.
He
entertained
Frederick
Aenobarbus
Emp.
of
the
Romans
sayling
into
〈◊〉
very
honorably
Hee
redeemed
his
younger
brother
Alexius
taken
by
the
●urks
for
a
great
sum
of
mony
,
by
huge
treachery
,
he
was
by
him
depriued
of
his
eies
and
Empire
,
cast
into
prison
,
with
the
like
treachery
,
he
would
haue
slain
his
Nephew
Alexius
,
being
his
agent
the
twelueth
yeare
of
his
raigne
.
At
length
when
he
endured
long
captiuity
,
he
was
redeemed
by
his
sonne
Alexius
,
and
restored
to
the
Empire
,
hee
died
by
the
contagion
of
the
ayer
,
as
it
thought
drawen
togither
by
seldome
vse
of
the
same
,
when
he
had
raigned
sixteene
yeares
.
Phillip
.
PHillip
the
son
of
Frederick
,
Barbarossa
brother
of
Henry
the
sixt
,
was
chosen
Emperor
by
the
greater
part
of
the
Germaine
princes
,
but
Pope
Innocent
the
third
confirmeth
,
annoynteth
,
and
crowneth
with
the
Emperiall
di●dem
the
Duke
of
Saxoni
,
elected
by
some
of
the
Princes
,
because
his
progenitors
hadde
before
time
,
defended
his
Papall
dignity
,
by
which
discorde
then
arose
Warre
,
Otho
being
ayded
by
the
King
of
England
,
and
Phillip
by
the
French
King
:
yet
Phillip
alwaies
preuaild
,
and
Otho
being
vanquished
hee
obtained
the
Empire
:
Afterward
when
Phillip
had
raigned
nine
yeare
,
(
happening
as
a
man
would
say
by
the
appointment
of
God
)
he
was
miserably
slaine
by
Otho
,
of
Vuittelspack
,
County
Palatine
at
Bamberge
,
vpon
that
day
that
hee
was
let
blood
by
his
Phisition
.
Frederick
the
first
the
father
of
Phillip
,
giuing
that
famous
nobility
and
kindred
to
Otho
of
Vuittelspack
.
Otho
.
OTho
Duke
of
Saxony
,
whom
Innocent
the
Pope
(
Phillip
being
dead
,
euen
in
malice
towards
him
)
had
chosen
Emperour
,
for
the
taking
away
of
discord
,
was
easily
elected
of
the
Germaine
Princes
,
and
fourthwith
Crowned
at
Rome
by
euery
mans
consent
,
by
the
said
Pope
Innocent
,
but
because
hee
tooke
certaine
buildings
from
the
Popes
Dominions
,
and
inuaded
the
kingdome
of
Frederick
the
younger
,
King
of
Sicily
,
hee
was
excommunicated
and
driuen
out
of
his
Empire
,
and
Frederick
his
prosessed
enemy
,
Pope
Innocent
laboring
for
him
,
and
the
Italians
assisting
him
was
created
Emperor
in
his
steed
,
being
vanquished
hee
went
into
Germainy
,
to
set
matters
in
good
order
,
and
proclaimeth
warre
against
Phillip
the
second
,
King
of
France
,
neither
was
hee
brought
lowe
and
vanquished
without
manifest
declaration
of
the
vertue
and
power
of
the
French-men
,
in
that
memorable
battell
and
destruction
at
Bononie
being
dishonored
,
hee
betooke
himselfe
to
his
countrey
,
where
not
long
after
he
died
when
he
had
raigned
but
foure
yeares
.
Alexius
Angelus
.
ALexius
Angelus
murtherer
of
his
brother
,
a
Prince
altogither
addicted
to
wickednesse
,
hauing
as
it
is
said
before
,
depriued
his
elder
brother
of
his
sight
and
Empire
,
possessed
the
Emp.
endeuoring
by
all
meanes
to
destroy
his
Nephew
Alexius
,
the
soone
of
Isaac
,
which
not
long
after
hee
most
grieuously
reuengd
,
for
hauing
vanquished
and
obtained
Bazantium
by
siege
,
he
redeemed
his
father
from
prison
,
and
placed
him
yet
liuing
in
the
empire
,
but
Alexius
which
murdered
his
eldest
brother
,
about
midle
of
the
night
fled
awaie
:
his
Nephew
Alexius
after
the
sudden
death
of
his
father
,
by
the
French
men
and
Venetians
being
ordained
Emperor
.
Alexius
the
younger
.
Alexius
the
younger
restored
to
the
empire
of
Constantinople
,
established
a
league
with
the
French-men
and
Venetians
(
by
whose
help
is
said
he
obtained
the
Empire
)
vpon
condition
that
the
Patriarch
of
Constantinople
should
giue
place
to
the
Pope
of
Rome
as
his
better
,
&
that
he
should
restore
the
damages
the
French-men
and
the
Venetians
had
receiued
by
Manuel
.
Who
when
he
went
about
to
performe
what
he
had
promised
,
he
was
slaine
of
Murziphilus
a
base
companion
,
whom
he
scarce
a
moneth
after
his
restitution
,
being
a
very
child
,
had
eleu●ted
to
the
greatest
steppe
of
honor
:
but
Murziphilus
hauing
possessed
the
Empire
,
and
ouersl●pping
the
citty
of
Bizantium
,
was
taken
of
the
French-men
and
the
Venetians
,
and
brought
back
to
Constantanople
,
where
through
shame
and
griefe
,
hee
miserably
died
:
the
excellent
vertue
of
the
French-men
and
the
Venetians
hauing
easily
assured
the
Empire
to
the
Italians
,
which
the
factious
and
troublesome
Nation
of
the
Gracians
had
so
many
yeares
possessed
.
Balwin
of
Flaunders
.
BAlwin
Earle
of
Flaunders
,
(
the
citty
hauing
beene
tooke
since
the
flight
of
Murziphilus
fifteene
times
)
by
help
of
the
multitudes
(
with
which
,
and
the
counsell
of
the
Princes
the
power
of
creating
the
Emperour
,
and
chosing
the
Patriarch
,
was
attributed
to
be
irrefragible
)
was
chosen
Emperour
of
Constantinople
,
and
the
Venetians
chose
Thona
Mauronus
to
be
Patriarch
:
according
to
the
agreement
:
to
wit
(
that
if
the
French-men
chose
the
Emp.
the
Venetians
shall
chuse
the
Patriarch
)
he
went
withall
expedition
to
Rome
with
a
more
willing
minde
then
was
thought
,
to
be
confirmed
patriarch
of
Constantinople
,
because
that
the
church
of
Constantinople
was
now
vnder
the
gouernment
of
the
Roman
Papacy
.
A
little
after
returning
,
in
a
famous
assembly
of
strangers
,
he
confirmed
by
the
Apostolike
authority
Balwin
Emperor
with
a
diadem
,
who
scarce
a
yeare
being
ended
,
when
hee
had
vndertaken
all
things
by
Adrionopolis
,
he
dying
appointed
his
brother
Henry
to
be
his
successor
.
Henry
.
HEnry
hearing
of
the
death
of
his
brother
Balwin
,
raised
his
siege
of
Adriopolis
,
and
returned
to
Constantinople
,
being
made
Emperour
,
he
made
peace
with
Walachia
,
and
married
the
Dukes
Daughter
,
thence
going
into
Thessalie
,
he
made
William
the
son
of
Boniface
king
of
Thessaly
:
a
little
after
hauing
disposed
and
set
al
things
in
order
,
dying
of
an
vnruly
disease
,
hee
left
to
be
his
heyre
Iolanta
his
Daughter
,
Married
to
Peter
Autifiodorensis
when
he
had
raigned
cleauen
yeares
,
or
as
others
say
thirteene
.
Frederick
2.
FRederick
the
second
begotten
by
Henry
the
sixt
of
his
mother
Constance
,
that
most
excellent
woman
,
not
so
ful
of
yeares
as
wisedome
,
not
much
vnlike
his
Graund-father
Baharossa
,
both
in
his
importunat
desire
of
war
,
as
also
in
wisedome
and
counsell
,
by
which
he
ouercame
all
dangers
Otho
the
first
being
dead
was
elected
King
of
the
Romans
,
and
crowned
with
the
Emperiall
diadem
at
Rome
by
Honorius
the
third
:
his
mother
Constance
being
dead
,
he
pursued
three
Romaine
Bishops
,
to
wit
:
Honorius
the
third
,
Gregory
the
ninth
,
and
Innocent
the
second
hee
deuided
all
Italy
into
the
factions
of
the
Guelphes
,
and
Gibellines
,
which
then
newly
began
in
Hetruria
by
Guelph
and
Gibell
two
Almain
Captaines
,
which
captaines
likewise
most
pernitious
to
the
Italians
,
pursued
two
Bishops
till
death
:
he
ouercame
the
Millanois
in
battell
which
fauored
their
Bishop
,
hauing
taken
their
captain
Peter
Teupolus
he
cruelly
slue
him
:
by
the
meanes
of
Pope
Innocent
the
sourth
,
hee
was
compelled
the
Empire
,
and
excommunicated
.
Henry
being
Lanthgraue
of
Thuring
,
(
which
Lanthgraue
is
a
dignity
amongst
the
Germaines
)
is
declared
Emperor
,
which
hee
little
esteeming
off
,
possesseth
the
kingdome
of
Sicily
,
which
when
he
had
gouerned
thirty
two
yeares
,
being
troubled
with
a
disease
he
was
slaine
by
the
treachery
of
his
bastard
sonne
Manfredus
,
this
man
remoued
the
vniuersity
of
Bononia
,
vnto
Patauie
,
because
the
Cittizens
did
not
presently
obey
things
that
were
commaunded
.
He
cast
also
the
Guelps
out
of
Florence
,
he
had
to
wife
the
daughter
of
the
King
of
Hierusalem
,
whence
the
title
of
the
kingdome
doth
for
euer
remaine
to
the
kings
of
Sicily
:
about
this
time
Duke
Robert
the
brother
of
Lewes
the
French
King
,
erected
the
colledge
of
Sorbon
at
Paris
.
Peter
Altisiodorensis
.
PEter
Altisiodorensis
in
the
right
of
his
wise
when
he
had
no
man
child
accepted
of
Honorius
the
Bishop
the
estate
of
the
Empire
,
at
S.
Lawrence
Church
,
thence
returning
when
he
assailed
in
vain
Dyrrachium
in
the
behalfe
of
the
Venetians
,
through
a
peace
dissembled
,
being
courteously
inuited
into
Tessaly
,
in
the
middle
of
a
banquet
he
was
slain
contrary
to
the
solemne
oath
of
Theodor
Lasearas
,
who
being
of
Adrionopolis
had
declared
himself
Emperor
of
Constantinople
.
When
he
had
raigned
fiue
yeares
.
Robert.
RObert
succeeding
his
father
Peter
Altisiodorensis
,
and
behauing
himselfe
well
to
the
Ambassador
of
his
fathers
captiuity
,
flew
to
Byzantium
.
This
man
tooke
away
the
wife
of
one
of
his
Peeres
of
Burgundy
by
her
mothers
consent
,
which
the
Burgundian
stomaching
,
hee
with
his
seruants
brake
voylently
into
the
Emperors
Pallace
,
and
cut
off
the
nose
of
his
wife
,
and
cast
her
mother
(
which
was
the
occasion
of
the
new
marriage
)
into
the
sea
:
which
iniury
Robert
being
about
to
reuenge
,
he
went
to
Rome
,
whence
returning
,
he
died
in
Achaia
when
he
had
raigned
seauen
yeares
.
Baldwin
.
BAldwin
the
second
succeeded
his
father
Robert
,
who
because
hee
was
very
young
,
he
had
Iohn
Brennius
King
of
Hierusalem
,
his
father
in
law
to
assist
him
in
gouerning
the
Empire
,
who
being
ded
,
Balwin
gouerned
the
Empire
alone
,
&
at
the
length
lost
it
:
for
the
Graecian
forces
preuailing
,
he
paund
his
sonne
to
the
Venetians
,
and
part
of
the
holy
crosse
,
and
also
al
the
donaries
of
churches
,
and
obtained
a
huge
army
against
Bosphore
:
but
the
warre
perseuering
,
and
Michaell
Paleologus
being
importunate
against
him
,
he
was
compelled
to
returne
into
his
own
kingdome
,
and
he
with
others
to
flie
,
by
which
meanes
the
Grecians
recouered
their
ancient
state
,
so
that
whlies
he
feared
forrain
forces
he
was
oppressed
at
home
.
Alexius
.
ALexius
sur-named
Angelus
,
or
as
other
say
Murziphilus
,
gouerned
the
Empire
some
few
yeares
,
hee
had
no
male-child
by
his
wife
but
onely
a
Daughter
called
Irene
.
He
succeeded
Balwin
.
Iohn
Diplobatazius
.
IOhn
Diplobatazius
Married
Irene
the
daughter
of
Alexius
,
by
which
meanes
the
Empire
was
deliuered
him
,
he
had
a
sonne
called
Theodor.
Thoodorus
.
THeodorus
had
three
children
by
his
wife
,
who
being
broken
and
wasted
in
France
by
war
,
sent
them
to
Nicenis
for
their
better
safety
:
where
they
were
not
suffered
to
enter
but
vpon
much
entreaty
.
For
the
Cittizens
shut
their
gates
against
them
.
In
the
meane
time
he
tooke
Adrinople
.
He
married
one
of
his
daughters
to
the
King
of
the
Poeons
,
another
Adronicus
Lascarus
Despot
:
after
whose
death
she
was
again
married
to
Iohn
Bataza
.
Iohn
Bataza
.
IOhn
Bataza
held
the
title
of
Emperour
33.
yeares
at
Zacynthus
out
of
the
bounds
of
his
owne
countrey
:
he
had
a
son
called
Theodorus
Lascaris
,
whom
his
father
vpon
his
death-bed
committed
in
trust
to
Michaell
Paleologus
,
a
man
valiant
in
armes
.
But
he
murdering
his
pupill
,
vsurped
,
and
confirmed
the
state
to
himselfe
and
his
posterity
Michall
Paleologus
.
MYchaell
Paleologus
born
at
Viterbium
taking
Bizantium
,
and
hauing
slain
young
Theodor
,
vsurped
the
Empire
.
Amongst
his
other
acts
,
hee
despoiled
one
William
a
French-man
of
the
principalities
of
Achaia
and
Bythinia
:
he
was
enemy
to
the
Venetians
,
by
whom
he
had
beene
stripped
of
his
imperiall
dignity
,
had
not
the
Genooise
withstood
them
.
In
requitall
of
which
good
seruice
,
he
gaue
them
the
citty
of
Para.
After
that
he
went
to
Lions
,
to
be
present
at
the
counsell
which
Gregory
the
x.
had
proclaimed
:
whereby
forsaking
the
rites
of
the
greek
church
he
incurred
such
hatred
of
his
countreymen
,
that
after
his
death
they
would
not
voutsafe
him
a
place
of
buriall
:
hee
gouerned
the
state
fortie
yeares
and
vpward
.
Rudolph
.
RVdolph
of
Habspurg
,
two
and
twenty
yeares
after
the
death
of
Frederick
(
for
so
long
continued
the
interreigne
)
was
elected
Emperor
,
and
Alphonse
of
Castile
refused
:
he
was
confirmed
at
Lansana
by
the
Pope
,
and
ouercomming
Othocar
King
of
Bohemia
in
battaile
,
slue
him
.
A
false
Frederick
,
who
had
proclaimed
himselfe
in
Sweuia
,
he
burned
at
Nouesium
.
By
his
Lieutenant
he
forced
the
citties
of
Hetrucia
.
For
hee
neuer
came
into
Italy
,
neither
according
to
the
custom
of
his
predecessors
was
crowned
at
Rome
,
reciting
a
tale
in
Aesop
of
the
Foxe
,
who
answered
the
Messenger
of
the
sick
Lyon
,
in
this
manner
:
Commend
me
to
thy
Maister
,
and
say
,
that
withall
my
hart
I
wish
his
recouery
,
and
therefore
will
I
make
my
deuout
orisons
to
the
heauenly
powers
:
but
for
that
I
see
all
the
foote
prints
of
those
beasts
which
of
kindnes
haue
visited
thy
loue
,
to
go
forwards
;
but
none
to
returne
backwards
,
I
haue
apprehended
so
extreame
a
feare
,
that
I
doubt
me
,
not
one
of
those
who
haue
entred
his
den
,
haue
euer
returned
againe
.
In
like
manner
Rudolph
considered
,
that
his
auncestors
had
made
many
toilesome
iournes
with
most
florishing
Armyes
into
Italy
,
but
they
euer
returned
with
losse
and
dishonor
.
Hauing
subiected
Austria
vnder
his
obeysans
,
hee
created
his
sonne
Albert
Duke
thereof
,
from
whom
the
now
Princes
of
Austria
deriue
their
petigrees
.
He
departed
in
the
18.
yeare
of
his
Empire
,
in
whose
time
Albertus
sur-named
Magnus
liued
.
Adolphus
.
THe
first
action
that
Adolphus
count
of
Nassan
titularie
Emperor
vndertooke
,
was
against
the
Columbarienses
.
After
that
,
in
his
expedition
against
Albert
the
sonne
of
Caesar
Duke
of
Austria
,
he
was
deposed
by
the
German
Nobility
,
being
weary
ofhis
Ambitious
and
sensual
life
,
in
whose
steede
they
preferred
Albert.
But
when
Adolph
would
not
surrender
,
they
fought
it
out
neere
Wormes
,
in
which
conflict
Adolph
perished
,
in
the
eight
yeare
of
his
raign
.
Andronicus
the
elder
.
ANdronieus
Paleologus
the
elder
succeeded
his
father
Michael
,
and
returned
againe
to
the
Greekish
Rites
.
By
his
wife
of
the
Hungarish
race
hee
had
one
sonne
sur-named
Michaell
after
the
name
of
his
Graund-father
.
Andronicus
the
younger
.
ANdronicus
the
younger
a
man
most
vngodly
succeeded
his
father
,
and
by
the
ayd
of
the
Genooise
,
defeated
his
Graund-father
Andronicus
,
and
tooke
the
absolute
gouernment
vpon
himselfe
.
But
afterwards
by
the
help
of
the
Venetians
,
the
elder
Andronicus
was
restored
to
the
Empire
.
Wherupon
arose
cruell
differents
betweene
the
Genooise
and
the
Venetians
.
But
the
elder
being
dead
after
he
had
raigned
eighteene
yeares
,
the
younger
Andronicus
gouerned
solye
,
and
performed
many
worthy
seruices
against
the
enemies
of
the
Roman
name
.
In
the
sixty
and
one
yeare
of
his
age
he
died
,
of
an
Ague
and
a
paine
in
his
head
in
the
space
of
foure
daies
,
about
the
16.
yeare
of
his
raigne
.
He
left
behind
him
two
sonnes
,
Calo-ioannes
and
Manuell
,
whom
hee
intrusted
to
the
tutorship
of
Iohn
Catacunzenus
.
Albertus
.
ALbertus
the
sonne
of
Rudolph
Caesar
,
Duke
of
Austria
,
hauing
slaine
Adolph
,
was
created
Emperor
by
the
suffrages
of
the
Princes
,
and
consent
of
Boniface
the
eight
(
hauing
before
stoutly
denied
their
voices
to
Phillip
the
faire
King
of
France
)
but
vpon
new
condition
,
he
should
chalenge
the
kingdome
of
France
to
himselfe
.
But
Phillip
hauing
giuen
his
daughter
in
marriage
to
the
sonne
of
Albert
Caesar
,
was
the
cause
that
Albert
sur-ceased
his
determinations
.
At
last
he
was
slain
by
Iohn
his
brothers
sonne
neer
the
Rhene
,
when
he
had
raigned
ten
yeares
.
Henry
the
7.
HEnry
the
7.
Earle
of
Lucembourg
,
after
the
death
of
Caesar
was
declared
Emperor
of
Romans
,
and
vtterly
vndid
the
Earle
of
Wittemberg
,
for
that
he
would
not
subiect
himselfe
to
the
Empire
.
Clement
the
first
ratified
his
inauguration
,
vpon
condition
,
that
hee
should
discend
into
Italy
,
which
was
then
all
in
combustion
:
wherefore
taking
his
iourney
towards
Italy
by
the
woods
of
Taurinus
,
he
tooke
Lumbardy
.
He
suppressed
the
factions
of
Turriana
,
&
was
Crowned
with
the
Iron
crown
at
Millain
.
Thence
going
to
Rome
,
and
after
his
Crotonation
being
expulsed
by
the
Vrsins
,
and
had
pressed
the
Florentines
to
vtter
despaire
,
he
was
poysoned
by
a
preaching
Moonke
as
he
receiued
the
Sacrament
.
Lodowick
.
LOdowick
the
Nephew
of
Rodulp
by
his
sister
,
and
Frederick
Duke
of
Austria
,
by
the
diuersity
of
the
voices
of
the
Princes
electors
,
stroue
eight
yeares
with
doubtfull
Warre
for
the
Soueraignty
:
At
last
the
Bauarian
hauing
taken
and
slaine
the
Duke
of
Austrich
,
raigned
alone
,
and
that
without
the
consent
of
the
Roman
Bishop
.
Whereat
three
successiue
Bishops
,
Iohn
,
Benedict
,
and
Clement
,
being
highly
offended
,
excommunicated
him
;
but
hee
setting
light
by
these
Buls
and
Church-censures
,
desended
into
Italy
,
and
was
crowned
at
Millain
with
the
iron
crowne
,
and
at
Rome
with
that
of
Gold
,
by
one
Stephan
.
He
created
Peter
Corlarius
a
Minorite
,
Pope
,
and
called
him
Nicholas
.
He
changed
the
gouernors
of
the
citty
,
and
in
dispight
of
the
Bishop
,
created
many
pety
Kings
in
Gallia
Gisalpina
:
hee
died
in
the
33.
yeare
of
his
raigne
.
Charles
4.
CHarles
the
fourth
a
Bohemian
,
the
sonne
of
Iohn
of
Lucemberg
King
of
Bohemia
(
Edward
of
England
,
and
Gunther
Roitelet
of
Monteniger
,
being
nominated
)
after
their
deceese
was
saluted
Emperor
:
he
ouerthrew
Eleard
Earle
of
Wittemberg
in
a
famous
conflict
,
and
vtterly
vndid
him
:
hee
beautified
Prage
with
great
magnificence
&
colledges
of
learning
,
neglecting
his
emperial
Maiesty
:
he
was
crowned
at
Rome
by
two
cardinals
,
at
the
appointment
of
Innocent
the
sift
,
but
vpon
this
most
base
capitulation
,
that
hee
should
presently
depart
Italy
:
hee
deserued
high
commendation
,
for
that
Golden
charter
wherein
were
many
excellent
things
contained
for
the
good
of
the
common
quiet
.
He
died
in
the
32.
yeare
of
his
raign
,
his
sonne
Venceslaus
being
first
declared
Caesar.
Iohn
Catacunzenus
.
JOhn
Catacunzenus
the
tutor
of
Calo-ioannes
and
Manuell
,
tooke
vnto
him
his
Cozen
Calo-ioannes
,
vnto
whom
he
gaue
his
daughter
in
marriage
.
But
falling
at
ods
with
his
cozen
,
he
expulsed
him
and
raigned
Emperor
alone
.
At
last
himselfe
was
banished
,
made
a
Moonke
,
and
Calo-ioannes
restored
to
the
Empire
.
Colo-ioannes
.
COlo-ioannes
after
the
iniury
receiued
by
Catacunzenus
went
into
Tenedos
,
whom
the
Genooise
vndertook
to
restore
to
the
empire
&
his
former
dignity
.
By
some
he
is
called
Iohn
and
not
Calo-iohn
,
whom
some
men
affirme
,
to
haue
vsed
the
aid
and
fauour
of
the
Turkes
,
and
that
hee
was
the
first
that
gaue
them
footing
in
Europe
.
At
his
death
he
bequethed
the
empire
to
his
sonne
Manuel
.
This
Manuell
the
sonne
after
the
death
of
his
father
,
obtained
the
Empire
,
and
begot
seauen
children
.
Iohn
:
Michaell
,
Theodor
,
Demetrius
,
and
Constantine
.
Any
other
memorable
act
of
his
is
not
recorded
.
Venceslaus
.
VEnceslaus
the
sonne
of
Charles
the
fourth
,
a
man
.
vnlike
his
father
and
Graund-father
,
through
his
sloath
and
cowardize
afflicted
the
Empire
,
and
had
vtterly
vndone
the
state
thereof
,
had
hee
not
beene
taken
by
his
brother
Sigismund
,
and
in
his
stead
Robert
of
Bauier
presently
proclaimed
Emperor
by
the
whole
consent
of
the
German
Nobility
.
This
man
created
Galeaze
first
Duke
of
Millain
,
who
had
conquered
a
great
part
of
Italy
,
&
which
inheritance
discended
to
his
Nephewes
euen
vntill
our
times
.
Hee
was
cast
into
prison
by
his
brother
,
and
died
in
the
two
and
twenty
yeare
of
his
raigne
.
Robertus
.
RObertus
or
Rupertus
Duke
of
Bauaria
was
made
Emperor
in
the
place
of
Venceslaus
,
and
soone
after
he
was
called
into
Italy
of
the
Florentines
,
to
represse
Galeatum
,
and
skirmishing
with
him
at
Benacum
,
he
was
easily
driuen
back
againe
.
Afterward
he
went
to
the
Venetians
and
Cittizens
of
Trent
,
of
whom
hee
was
most
honorably
entertained
,
and
so
against
the
will
of
the
Florentines
,
went
out
of
Italy
into
Germany
without
doing
any
thing
,
and
there
resigned
himselfe
to
peace
and
religion
,
vntill
the
tenth
yeare
of
his
raigne
,
wherein
he
died
,
leauing
the
Florentines
in
great
troubles
.
Ioannes
.
IOannes
the
sonne
of
Manuell
raigned
after
his
father
,
being
studious
of
peace
and
concord
.
He
came
into
Italy
and
was
present
in
the
counsel
of
Florence
,
with
Eugenius
the
fourth
,
afterward
returning
home
he
liued
but
a
smal
time
.
Iosippus
the
Patriarch
died
at
Florence
.
Sigismundus
SYgismond
sonne
of
Charles
the
fourth
,
and
brother
of
Venceslaus
,
while
he
was
a
child
married
with
Mary
the
daughter
of
the
King
of
Pannonia
.
When
his
brother
Venceslaus
was
taken
he
was
made
King
of
Bohemia
.
And
Robert
the
emperor
being
dead
,
he
was
chosen
by
general
consent
into
his
place
.
In
three
yeares
he
went
ouer
the
greatest
part
of
Europe
to
make
peace
,
and
in
that
time
hee
remoued
the
schisme
of
the
two
Popes
.
Hee
oftentimes
accused
the
princes
of
Germany
for
their
hatred
of
Latine
writers
.
Hee
prouoked
his
owne
countrey
to
enuy
him
,
and
was
often
prouoked
to
Warre
by
the
Turkes
and
Bohemians
,
and
when
he
saw
he
should
haue
no
sonne
,
he
made
Albertus
Duke
of
Bauaria
and
his
Daughters
husband
his
heyre
,
in
the
seauen
and
thirty
yeare
of
his
raigne
,
and
was
buryed
in
his
regall
Albe
in
Vngaria
.
Albertus
.
ALbertus
the
sonne
in
law
of
Sigismund
,
raigned
happely
for
the
space
of
two
yeares
.
Compelling
the
Morauians
and
the
Sarmatians
to
rest
within
their
borders
.
He
ended
the
factions
of
Bohemia
,
and
draue
Amurath
the
Turke
out
of
Hungaria
,
he
tooke
the
citty
Sindoronia
and
went
into
Greece
,
where
he
raced
Thessalonica
.
At
length
he
returned
into
Austria
&
dyed
of
a
blody
slixe
at
Longeuille
,
leauing
behind
him
his
sonne
Laodislaus
.
Constantinus
.
COnstantinus
the
youngest
sonne
of
Manuell
,
and
when
his
brother
Iohn
died
without
yssue
hee
was
made
Emperour
,
when
the
most
sauage
and
cruell
Turkes
had
taken
Constantinople
spoyling
and
racing
it
downe
,
he
stood
fearefully
at
the
gate
of
the
citty
,
wher
he
was
trod
vnder
foote
by
the
tumult
of
them
that
ran
away
,
and
so
perished
with
his
whole
Nation
and
city
.
This
destruction
fel
out
in
the
yeare
of
the
Lord
one
thousand
foure
hundred
fifty
and
three
,
when
Nicholas
the
fift
was
Pope
,
and
Frederick
the
third
was
Emperor
in
Germany
.
Frederick
3.
FRederick
the
third
was
Duke
of
Austria
,
and
highly
deuoted
to
peace
and
quietnesse
:
he
easily
pacified
the
Austrians
which
moued
sedition
.
Hee
married
Eleanor
sister
to
the
king
of
Portugall
,
and
went
into
Italy
with
his
wife
vnto
Nicholas
Pope
of
Rome
,
who
set
vppon
their
heads
the
imperiali
crowne
in
the
twelueth
yeare
of
their
raigne
,
and
in
the
yeare
of
saluation
,
one
thousand
foure
hundred
fifty
two
.
He
died
in
the
fifty
yeare
of
his
raigne
,
hauing
first
made
his
sonne
Maximillian
Caesar.
Maximilianus
.
MAximilian
was
made
a
King
of
Romans
in
his
fathers
life
,
and
entred
into
Burgundy
with
a
great
Armye
,
and
tooke
Mary
the
Daughter
of
Duke
Charles
to
wife
,
who
was
dead
and
left
his
Dukedome
to
her
.
And
after
that
hee
gotte
the
Empire
,
and
when
Mathias
King
of
Pannonia
was
dead
without
yssue
,
he
challenged
that
kingdome
for
his
right
,
entring
thereinto
with
an
army
,
and
took
the
regall
Albe
by
force
,
but
soone
after
he
was
beaten
out
by
the
enemy
,
and
so
returned
into
Germany
where
he
found
them
against
him
:
first
the
Heluetians
with
whom
he
waged
Warre
.
Afterward
the
Basilians
who
vtterly
shooke
off
their
subiection
to
the
Empire
,
whose
example
drew
many
of
the
neighbor
people
to
do
the
like
,
whereby
a
great
part
of
the
Romaine
maiesty
was
abated
.
He
did
not
take
the
crowne
after
the
manner
of
his
predecessors
,
nor
euer
saluted
the
Bishop
of
Rome
or
the
Apostles
Monuments
.
He
was
the
father
of
Phillip
Arch-duke
of
Austria
by
his
wife
Mary
,
who
was
made
the
sonne
in
law
to
the
King
of
Spaine
and
his
succession
:
his
daughter
Margaret
first
contracted
with
Charles
the
eight
,
King
of
France
,
and
then
refused
was
married
to
Phillibert
Duke
of
Sauoye
.
He
married
with
the
daughter
of
viscount
Galeacius
,
after
the
death
of
his
first
wife
,
and
at
length
died
in
Austria
in
the
nine
and
fifty
year
of
his
age
,
and
the
three
and
thirtieth
yeare
of
his
Empire
.
Charls
5.
CHarles
the
fist
was
sonne
to
Phillip
Arch-duke
of
Austria
,
and
Nephew
to
Maximilian
,
he
was
K.
of
Spaine
,
and
being
Prince
of
Austria
he
was
declared
Emp.
at
Francfort
,
by
the
princes
electours
in
the
yeare
of
our
saluation
one
thousand
fiue
hundred
ninteene
,
and
was
crownd
at
Bononia
by
Clement
the
seuenth
,
although
he
first
denied
his
confirmation
,
except
he
would
resigne
into
his
hands
the
kingdome
of
Naples
,
because
he
affirmed
that
the
kings
of
Naples
were
bound
vnto
the
Pope
to
renounce
the
Empire
whiles
they
should
be
kings
of
Naples
.
In
his
time
was
Rhodes
taken
by
the
Turkes
after
seuen
months
siege
,
to
the
dishonour
of
all
Christendome
:
afterwarde
Frauncis
the
French
king
was
taken
prisoner
at
Pauy
in
Italy
,
by
the
Empe.
Lieutenant
,
and
so
sent
into
Spaine
.
After
the
Emperor
had
bin
in
England
,
and
made
league
with
king
Henry
the
eight
at
Windfor
,
and
the
French
K.
remained
prisoner
in
Spaine
,
till
a
peace
was
concluded
betwixt
the
Empe.
and
him
,
vpon
condition
,
to
set
themselues
aboue
all
against
the
Turke
,
and
the
Lutherans
.
About
which
time
the
Emperor
married
with
the
daughter
or
Emanuell
king
of
Portugall
,
and
shortly
after
the
Duke
of
Bourbon
hauing
bin
formerly
called
into
Italy
(
to
assaile
Naples
)
by
the
Empe.
he
besieged
and
tooke
Rome
;
and
in
the
sacking
thereof
,
his
souldiors
obseruing
no
honesty
,
or
decorum
,
as
commonly
it
falleth
out
in
such
exploits
,
he
was
slaine
with
a
bullet
,
and
afterward
Clement
the
Pope
was
besieged
in
the
castle
of
saint
Angelo
,
vntill
he
was
deliuered
by
the
ransome
of
40000.
Dacates
.
But
the
King
of
France
sent
into
Italy
his
forces
to
relieue
the
Pope
.
The
king
of
England
demanded
of
the
Emperor
interest
for
fiue
hundred
thousand
skutes
which
he
had
borrowed
of
the
king
,
&
by
agreement
was
to
pay
him
133000.
Skutes
by
the
yeare
,
which
if
it
were
not
presently
payed
,
he
denounced
war
,
because
the
Emperour
had
broken
the
accordes
betwixt
them
,
made
in
the
yeare
1522.
when
he
was
in
England
.
The
king
of
France
demaunded
of
the
Em.
his
two
children
whom
he
had
left
for
hostages
with
the
Emp.
offering
siluer
for
them
,
and
so
they
were
deliuered
for
twentye
hundred
thousande
Skutes
:
out
of
which
money
was
the
k.
of
Englands
debt
to
be
discharged
,
&
so
apeace
was
concluded
betwixt
the
Emperor
,
and
the
french
king
at
Cambray
,
by
the
mediation
of
Margaret
the
Emperors
Ant
,
&
Loyse
the
French
kings
mother
.
The
Florentines
hauing
banished
out
of
their
citty
the
family
of
Medices
,
were
besieged
by
the
Emperor
and
the
Pope
,
and
driuen
to
a
composition
to
receiue
Alexander
de
Medices
for
their
Prince
,
vnto
whom
was
promised
in
marriage
,
the
Emperors
bastard
daughter
.
Ferdinand
the
Emperors
yonger
brother
,
was
declared
king
of
the
Ro.
at
Collen
,
&
shortly
after
crowned
at
Aix
,
and
the
Turke
comming
the
second
time
against
Vienna
,
was
forced
by
the
Emperor
and
Ferdinand
to
retire
,
and
afterward
when
he
came
with
a
great
Army
and
besieged
the
towne
and
castle
of
Ginute
neere
Belgrade
,
he
was
made
by
Nicholas
Inrixe
then
in
the
town
to
leaue
the
siege
,
when
as
Margaret
the
Emperors
aunt
,
had
receiued
the
gouerment
of
the
low
countries
by
the
Emp.
she
not
long
enioyed
that
honor
,
but
died
,
and
Mary
Q.
of
hungary
the
Em.
sister
was
placed
in
that
honor
.
The
Emperour
went
into
Affricke
,
and
there
tooke
the
towne
of
Tunis
,
and
the
Forte
of
Golete
,
and
made
the
king
Muleasse
tributary
:
where
Barbarosse
the
Turkes
lieutenaunt
,
escaped
vnto
Argile
.
Afterward
the
Emperor
retired
into
Sicily
,
and
then
with
a
great
power
into
Prounce
,
where
hee
was
so
sore
distressed
for
victuall
,
that
hee
was
forced
to
retire
into
Genes
,
and
from
thence
by
sea
into
Spaine
,
leauing
the
Count
Nassau
to
besiege
Peronny
,
and
afterward
Terouanne
,
but
could
not
take
it
,
and
then
a
peace
was
concluded
betwixt
the
Emperor
and
the
French
king
at
Nice
for
ten
yeares
,
and
afterward
Castelubro
,
atowne
of
Illyria
was
taken
from
the
Turkes
by
the
Emperor
and
the
Venetians
;
and
Castelnoue
was
taken
by
the
Turke
Barbarosse
from
the
Emperor
,
and
all
the
Spanish
garrison
slaine
.
Wherupon
the
Emperor
and
the
French
king
,
sollicitted
the
Venetians
to
ioyn
with
them
in
warre
against
the
Turks
,
who
were
not
moued
by
that
Ambassage
,
but
sent
to
make
peace
with
the
Turke
.
Ferdinand
king
of
Romains
,
besieging
Bude
in
Hungary
,
was
repelled
by
the
Turks
,
and
a
great
company
of
his
Souldiors
slaine
.
The
Queene
was
forced
to
yeelde
the
Towne
vnto
him
,
and
shee
with
her
little
sonne
called
Stephen
,
were
banished
into
Transiluania
.
The
Emperor
to
hinder
the
Turke
,
and
to
draw
him
out
of
Hungaria
,
made
faile
to
Argiere
,
but
throgh
a
great
tempest
he
lost
almost
all
his
artillery
and
furniture
of
Warre
,
and
so
was
forced
to
retire
back
again
into
Spaine
:
vpon
which
occasion
,
the
French
were
mooued
to
take
war
against
him
,
and
in
the
moneth
of
Iuly
following
they
pilled
all
Brabant
.
Then
the
Emperor
crowned
his
son
Phillip
k.
of
Spain
,
and
married
him
to
the
daughter
of
Iohn
king
of
Portugal
,
and
afterward
the
Emperor
and
the
King
of
England
,
made
warre
vpon
the
French
king
,
and
the
Duke
of
Cleue
was
drawne
from
his
aliance
with
Fraunce
by
the
Emperor
.
But
the
Empe.
forces
were
discomfited
at
Carignan
in
Pieniont
,
by
the
Prince
of
Auguien
.
The
Emp.
tooke
Luxembrrough
,
Ligin
and
S.
Dedier
,
and
the
king
of
England
took
Bullen
.
When
as
the
Duke
of
Saxony
,
was
taken
prisoner
by
the
Empe.
and
condemned
to
death
,
yet
spared
at
the
request
of
the
elector
of
Brandebourge
,
vpon
condition
that
he
shoulde
subiect
himselfe
to
the
Pope
,
touching
religion
:
hee
rather
chose
to
die
,
then
to
yeelde
to
that
extremity
.
Whereat
the
Emperor
marueiled
,
and
remitted
him
that
Article
,
yet
was
he
deposed
from
his
Dukedome
.
Finally
in
this
Emperors
raign
,
was
there
great
persecution
in
all
places
for
Religion
vnder
the
names
of
Lutherans
,
Zwinglians
,
Oceolampadians
,
caluinists
,
and
other
.
Ther
sprung
vp
in
his
time
many
damnable
hereticks
to
disgrace
the
Gospell
,
either
by
opposition
,
or
perdition
.
But
of
the
most
damnable
Sects
that
euer
arose
wer
two
,
Anabaptists
denying
all
good
policy
in
the
world
,
trusting
vnto
illuminated
reuelations
;
and
the
Iesuits
instistuted
by
Paul
the
fourth
,
first
called
Peter
Carapha
,
(
a
notable
Hipocrite
)
who
in
a
book
of
his
own
writing
before
he
was
Pope
,
taxed
the
church
of
Rome
vnto
Paule
the
third
,
for
all
the
abuses
,
or
the
most
part
of
them
condemned
by
the
Protestants
.
These
Iesuites
haue
taught
the
Roman
catholicks
equiuocation
,
to
dissemble
with
Magistrates
,
that
are
not
of
their
religion
vpon
their
oathes
in
examination
,
and
are
the
common
platformers
for
the
Romish
Church
to
poison
all
the
common-wealths
of
Christendome
.
This
Em.
resigned
his
imperiall
crown
into
the
handes
the
Electors
by
Ambas
.
for
the
behalfe
of
his
brother
Ferdinande
,
and
after
he
had
raigned
37.
yeares
hee
died
,
at
a
monastery
in
Spaine
,
of
the
order
of
Ieronius
,
in
the
yeare
of
saluation
.
1558.
Ferdinandus
.
FErdinandus
brother
of
Charles
,
was
consecrate
Emper.
in
the
towne
of
Francfort
,
by
the
Princes
electors
.
In
whose
time
the
warres
betwixt
the
late
Em.
discended
by
hereditary
enuy
,
to
Phillip
king
of
Spain
,
&
the
Frenchking
,
were
composed
by
reason
of
a
mariage
betwixt
the
said
king
of
Spaine
,
and
the
French
kings
daughter
.
In
his
time
were
raised
great
wars
in
Germany
,
France
,
Flaunders
,
Artois
,
Lorraine
,
and
in
Italy
,
by
the
instigation
of
Pope
Iulius
the
third
.
Then
began
the
Spanish
inquisition
to
be
directed
against
christians
,
which
was
first
of
all
set
vp
against
Iewes
which
kepte
the
Ceremonies
of
the
Law
,
after
they
were
baptized
.
Henry
the
French
king
was
slaine
by
the
slifter
of
a
speare
broke
vpon
him
,
in
Iusting
or
at
Turney
,
by
the
Count
Montgommery
.
The
Tyusuffeldians
renewed
the
heresie
of
Eutiches
,
confounding
the
two
natures
of
Christ
.
The
counsell
of
Trent
which
continued
at
sundry
Sessions
eighteene
yeares
,
after
it
had
established
the
Roman
religion
,
in
whole
was
dissolued
.
Sundry
bloody
battailes
wer
sought
by
sea
and
land
betwixt
the
Danes
and
the
Suedes
.
The
Turkes
assailed
Malta
,
and
were
repulsed
.
Afterward
Hungaria
,
where
the
Germans
resisted
them
valiantly
.
In
this
time
florished
Melancthon
,
Musculus
,
Hiperius
,
caluin
,
Peter
Matir
,
and
Conradus
Gesnerus
,
men
of
singular
learning
and
piety
,
zeale
and
good
life
,
for
the
good
edification
of
christs
church
,
whose
works
and
books
shall
neuer
cease
to
commend
all
religion
to
posterity
.
This
Emperour
was
a
peaceable
Prince
,
and
not
turbulent
,
and
died
in
the
sixty
one
yeare
of
his
age
,
and
seauenth
yeare
of
his
raigne
at
Vienna
in
Austrich
,
leauing
his
sonne
Maximilian
to
succeed
him
.
Maximilianus
.
MAximilianus
son
of
Ferdinand
,
king
of
Romans
and
Bohemia
,
was
chosen
Emperor-In
his
time
Soliman
the
great
Turke
troubled
Hungaria
,
and
tooke
diuers
townes
thereof
,
and
afterward
died
,
leauing
the
succession
to
his
son
Zelim
.
The
Emperor
mooued
warre
against
Iohn
Frederick
Duke
of
Saxony
,
and
tooke
him
prisoner
vppon
the
same
day
twentye
yeares
,
after
that
his
father
was
taken
prisoner
by
Charles
the
fift
.
The
duke
of
Alua
,
came
into
the
low
countries
,
and
afterward
there
grew
very
hotte
warres
because
of
the
inquisition
.
The
people
wore
a
piece
of
money
about
their
necke
,
hauing
on
the
one
side
the
kings
image
,
and
on
the
other
a
beggers
dish
,
with
this
inscription
:
Faithfull
to
the
king
,
euen
to
the
beggars
dish
.
The
second
ciuill
wars
in
France
began
,
wherein
the
Constable
was
slayne
.
The
king
of
Spaine
imprisoned
charles
his
onely
son
,
whereof
the
Fle●●nges
complained
to
the
Emperor
,
suggesting
that
it
was
done
by
the
instigation
of
the
inquisitors
,
because
hee
misliked
the
Duke
of
Alua
his
cruelty
in
the
low
countryes
,
and
this
Prince
dyed
in
prison
.
There
were
seene
in
the
heauens
three
Moons
,
one
in
equal
distance
from
another
.
This
Emperor
permitted
the
Lords
and
Gentlemen
of
Austrich
to
haue
free
libertye
to
exercise
their
reformed
religion
,
after
the
doctrine
in
the
confession
of
Ausburg
,
intheir
castles
,
townes
,
and
houses
.
The
Turke
tooke
a
part
of
Ciprus
from
the
Venetians
,
as
Nicosia
and
Famagota
,
yet
they
lost
a
famous
battaile
at
Lepanto
by
the
christians
confederate
.
It
rained
Wheat
,
Turnup-rootes
,
and
pease
in
Slesia
,
which
much
comforted
the
poore
people
,
in
the
extreamity
of
famine
.
In
this
time
was
the
massacre
in
France
,
Charles
the
ninth
being
king
,
who
afterwarde
dyed
bleeding
,
wherein
was
slaine
for
religion
,
aboue
threescore
thousand
.
This
Maximilian
was
a
good
Prince
,
and
endeuored
al
his
power
against
the
Turke
.
Finally
hauing
made
his
sonne
Rodolph
king
of
Romaines
,
〈◊〉
died
at
Ratisbone
,
in
the
fifty
fiue
year
of
his
age
,
being
the
x.
yeare
of
his
Empire
.
Rodolph
.
ROdolph
the
second
,
eldest
son
of
Maximilian
,
was
sacred
Emperour
in
the
yeare
1577.
Assoone
as
he
was
crowned
,
he
made
peace
with
the
Turke
,
whereunto
the
Turke
easily
yeelded
because
of
his
Warres
in
Persia.
A
great
battaile
was
fought
in
Affricke
by
Sebastian
,
before
whych
battell
,
was
the
greatest
Comet
that
hath
bin
seene
in
this
latter
part
of
the
world
,
which
the
Portugall
Captains
interpreted
to
be
a
good
signe
to
that
warre
,
telling
the
souldiors
,
that
the
Comet
spake
to
the
King
Accometa
,
that
is
in
the
Portugall
tongue
.
Let
him
assaile
them
,
which
fell
out
otherwise
,
for
in
that
battell
three
kings
died
,
whereof
it
was
saide
,
Sebastian
was
one
,
leauing
his
kingdome
of
Portugall
to
Henry
a
Cardinall
,
who
dying
,
nominated
thereunto
Phillip
king
of
Spaine
.
Pope
Gregory
made
a
calender
in
An.
1583.
which
is
called
the
Gregorian
,
cutting
off
ten
dayes
in
the
month
of
October
,
to
bring
the
yeare
againe
as
it
was
in
the
time
of
our
Sauiour
Christ
(
as
they
sondly
imagine
)
for
the
imagined
,
that
since
that
time
,
by
iust
computation
of
minutes
,
ten
dayes
are
increased
.
This
Emperour
is
nowe
liuing
,
hauing
seene
the
death
of
fiue
Popes
,
one
Queene
of
Englande
,
the
firste
borne
of
all
the
kinges
of
the
earth
,
and
rarest
in
perfection
;
one
king
of
Spaine
;
one
of
France
,
diuers
Princes
of
Germany
:
threegreat
Turks
:
Zelim
,
Amarath
,
and
Mahomet
,
3.
And
his
companions
in
the
gouernment
of
the
world
,
are
Iames
King
of
great
Britane
;
Henry
king
of
France
and
Nauarre
,
Phillip
the
3.
king
of
Spaine
,
Sigismund
king
of
Polonia
and
Suesia
,
Frederick
king
of
Denmark
,
Demetrius
Emp.
of
Rushia
,
Mahomet
the
great
Turke
,
Phillippus
Iulius
Duke
of
Pomeria
,
Albertus
and
his
wife
Isabella
,
Cl●ra
,
Eugenia
,
Dukes
of
Burgundy
with
diuers
other
great
Estates
gouerning
other
places
.
FINIS
.