THE
DISCRIPTION
OF
the
Cittie
of
Excester
,
collected
and
gathered
by
Iohn
Vowel
alias
Hooker
,
gentleman
,
and
Chamberlain
of
the
same
Cittie
.
EXcester
or
Exeter
is
a
famouse
and
ancient
Cittie
,
béeing
the
Metropole
and
Emporium
of
the
west
parts
of
England
,
scituated
in
the
Prouince
called
Deuonia
,
which
is
Deuonshéer
.
Of
the
first
foundation
therof
(
by
reason
of
the
sundry
inuations
of
forrain
and
straunge
nations
,
and
of
their
hostilities
and
mortall
warres
,
in
burning
and
destroying
this
Cittie
)
there
remaineth
no
certain
memoriall
,
neither
emong
the
records
of
the
said
Cittie
,
nor
yet
in
any
other
writer
.
But
moste
certain
it
is
that
it
was
first
builded
by
the
Brutes
or
Britons
,
for
the
names
which
they
gaue
vnto
it
:
are
yet
at
these
presents
had
in
remembraunce
,
as
Brutus
.
wel
emong
the
Cronographers
of
this
Realme
:
as
also
emong
the
Cornish
people
,
who
sometimes
were
one
with
this
Prouince
,
but
are
now
in
a
Prouince
of
themselues
and
borderers
to
this
,
béeing
the
remanent
of
the
blood
of
Brutus
.
For
when
Cadwalader
King
of
this
land
by
reason
of
a
great
Cadwalader
.
famin
and
Pestilence
,
was
inforced
to
forsake
the
same
and
flée
into
little
Britain
(
which
now
is
vnder
the
dicion
of
the
French
King
)
diuers
and
moste
parte
of
his
people
fled
also
,
some
into
Wales
and
some
into
Cornwall
,
wher
euer
sithence
they
and
after
them
their
posteritie
haue
remained
and
continued
.
The
olde
Cronographers
serchers
,
and
writers
of
antiquities
,
Corinnia
.
doo
finde
that
this
Cittie
was
called
Corinia
,
and
therof
the
Monaltary
of
this
Cittie
was
called
Ecclesia
Coriniensis
:
whiche
name
if
it
were
first
giuen
as
it
should
seem
by
Corineus
,
who
after
the
ariuall
of
Brutus
into
this
land
,
was
made
the
first
Duke
of
these
two
Prouinces
of
Deuon
,
and
Cornwall
,
and
who
then
after
his
owne
name
called
it
Corinia
,
but
now
Corinibia
,
wherof
this
Cittie
euer
hath
béen
and
is
the
Metropolie
and
Emporium
and
alwaies
parcel
,
sometimes
of
the
kingdome
,
then
of
the
Duchie
,
&
afterwardes
of
the
Earledome
,
and
now
again
the
Duchie
of
Cornewall
,
out
of
all
dout
it
is
of
no
lesse
antiquitie
then
the
said
names
doo
importe
.
The
Britons
in
their
fung
call
it
by
sundry
and
diuers
names
.
The
first
and
eldest
in
remembraunce
in
their
spéech
Cairpenhulgoit
.
is
Cairpenhulgoyte
,
that
is
to
say
,
the
prosperous
chéef
Town
in
the
wood
,
as
it
dooth
appéer
by
Geftery
of
Monmoth
and
Ponticus
Virimus
.
It
was
also
called
Penhaltcayr
,
that
is
to
say
,
the
chéef
Cittie
or
Town
vpon
the
hil
,
as
appéereth
in
the
Penhaltcair
.
trauerse
betwéen
the
Bishop
,
Dean
,
and
Chapter
of
this
Cittie
,
and
the
Mayor
and
comminaltie
of
the
same
:
in
a
long
sute
concerning
their
liberties
.
But
the
names
which
the
Cornish
people
doo
at
these
presents
remember
&
retain
are
Pencayr
,
Cayrruthe
,
Cayrriske
.
Pencayr
.
Cayrruth
.
Cayrriske
.
Pencayr
is
to
say
the
chéef
Cittie
.
Cayrruthe
signifieth
the
red
Cittie
,
taking
that
name
of
the
soyle
of
the
ground
whervpon
it
is
situated
,
which
is
red
.
Cayrryske
is
the
Cittie
of
Iske
béeing
so
called
,
and
taking
his
denominatation
of
the
Riuer
whiche
fléeteth
by
the
said
Cittie
called
in
Brittish
Iske
.
And
of
this
name
Houedon
in
his
Cronicle
maketh
mention
saying
thus
,
Anno
domini
.
877.
Excercitus
danorum
,
ab
warham
nocte
quadam
federe
dirupto
ad
Exancester
diuerterunt
quod
brittannice
dicitur
Caerwiske
.
Ptolomeus
the
famose
Astronomer
,
who
was
about
the
yéer
of
our
Lord.
162.
(
Coel
béeing
King
of
this
land
)
nameth
the
Cittie
Isca
and
the
Riuer
king
Coil
Isaca
.
And
Bale
the
sercher
of
antiquities
,
folowing
the
same
opinion
dooth
also
name
the
Cittie
Isca
and
the
in
habitant
or
dweller
therin
Iscanus
.
But
vnder
corection
and
Bale
.
with
reuerence
be
it
said
,
a
man
may
think
that
Ptolomeus
béeing
in
Alexandria
,
and
so
farre
distant
from
this
Realme
was
happely
misinformed
:
or
els
the
Printer
mistaken
because
it
is
moste
likely
that
the
Riuer
should
be
called
Isca
according
to
the
Brittish
spéech
in
those
dayes
when
it
was
called
Isca
,
which
name
by
transposing
of
two
middle
letters
dooth
yet
remain
,
being
now
named
Icsa
.
or
Ecsa.
But
whatsoeuer
Ptolomeus
or
Baleus
censures
and
iudgements
be
héerin
:
it
is
moste
certain
,
that
the
names
which
the
Britons
gaue
were
of
longest
continuance
,
and
this
Cittie
called
by
their
dominations
by
the
space
of
xv
.
hundred
yéeres
vntil
the
comming
of
the
Saxons
,
the
Pictes
,
and
Scots
into
this
Realme
,
whiche
was
about
the
yeer
of
our
Lord
450
,
for
they
as
they
preuailed
and
conquered
:
did
alwaies
alter
and
chaunge
the
names
of
all
places
and
Townes
,
accounting
it
a
great
parte
of
their
glory
and
renown
to
giue
new
names
of
their
owne
deuice
,
or
of
their
owne
natiue
Contries
,
for
so
write
the
Cronographers
.
Picti
,
Scoti
,
Angli
,
Daci
et
Normandi
,
in
hac
insula
rerum
potiti
,
cuncta
immutarunt
,
pro
trophaeis
habentes
,
Locis
a
se
deuictis
noua
imponere
nomina
.
Wherfore
as
of
all
other
Citties
and
Townes
(
few
excepted
)
so
of
this
also
they
chaunged
Muncketon
.
and
altred
the
olde
names
and
called
it
Muncketon
,
by
which
name
it
was
so
called
by
the
space
of
thrée
hundreth
and
od
yéeres
,
vntil
the
time
and
comming
of
King
Adlestane
.
For
he
about
the
yéer
of
our
Lord.
932.
beeing
muche
gréeued
with
Adlestane
the
Rebellion
of
the
Cornish
people
,
because
they
refused
and
denyed
to
acknowledge
him
for
their
lawful
King
:
did
bend
his
power
,
and
conducted
his
armie
against
them
,
and
(
with
force
when
he
had
subdewed
them
)
returned
to
this
Cittie
,
and
for
a
perpetuall
memory
to
this
common
welth
,
whiles
he
soiorned
him self
therin
:
repaired
and
new
builded
the
Cittie
and
the
walles
therof
,
whiche
before
with
force
and
fire
were
vtterly
destroyed
.
And
then
altred
and
chaunged
the
name
therof
calling
it
after
the
name
of
the
Riuer
Esseterra
or
Exeterra
,
that
Exeterra
.
that
is
to
say
Exeter
.
For
so
writeth
Polidorus
.
Est
Exonia
vrbs
Deuonie
comitatus
loco
precelso
ad
occidentem
versus
posita
abluiturque
flumine
Exi
,
a
quo
nomen
habet
.
Others
ther
be
which
name
it
Excestrum
,
and
thinketh
it
to
Excestre
.
be
so
called
of
the
Riuer
whiche
is
named
Exestrum
,
for
this
write
they
Clarissima
vrbum
est
Excestria
,
que
ab
amni
Excestro
,
qui
eandem
preterfluit
,
est
sic
nuncupata
.
I
finde
it
also
in
an
olde
written
Cronicle
that
it
is
named
Exancestre
.
Exancestria
or
Exancestre
,
which
name
should
séem
to
be
so
giuen
,
by
the
Saxons
at
their
abode
and
béeing
in
this
land
,
for
commonly
the
names
which
they
gaue
to
such
Townes
,
Citties
and
Fortes
as
they
either
builded
or
reedified
,
did
end
in
Cestre
as
Chestre
,
as
Glocestre
,
Lecestre
,
Manchester
,
winchestre
,
worcestre
,
Oscestre
,
Colchestre
,
Cicestre
,
Ilcestre
,
Bicestre
and
this
Cittie
of
Exancestre
with
others
,
for
Cair
in
British
,
and
Cestre
ïn
Saxony
,
is
in
English
a
Fort
,
Town
or
Castle
.
This
Cittie
is
walled
round
about
,
and
so
is
thought
was
from
the
begininig
.
It
is
all
togither
foure
square
,
but
declineth
towards
a
roundnes
,
and
containeth
in
circuite
or
compasse
xvj
.
hundred
whole
paces
,
after
fiue
foot
to
the
pace
,
which
accounting
one
thousand
paces
to
a
Mile
:
is
a
mile
and
halfe
and
some
what
more
.
The
scituation
of
it
is
very
plesaunt
and
amenous
,
béeing
set
vpon
a
little
hil
emong
many
hilles
,
the
Contrie
round
about
béeing
Mountanose
and
ful
of
hilles
.
It
is
pendent
towards
the
Sowth
and
West
partes
after
and
in
such
sort
,
that
be
the
Stréets
neuer
so
foule
or
filthy
:
yet
with
a
shower
of
rain
they
are
clensed
aad
made
swéet
.
And
albeit
commonly
hilles
are
dry
:
yet
nature
is
so
beneficial
to
this
hil
that
it
is
ful
of
springis
,
and
by
that
menes
euery
parte
of
the
Cittie
is
furnished
with
welles
and
Tyepittes
,
the
commoditie
wherof
hath
wel
appéered
in
sundry
times
of
necessitie
,
but
especially
in
the
late
Commotion
whiche
was
in
the
yéer
of
our
Lord.
1549.
for
though
then
the
enemy
by
spoiling
of
the
Pipes
,
wherby
water
was
conuayed
to
the
fountains
of
the
Cittie
from
certaine
Springs
distant
not
a
Mile
from
the
same
,
did
abridge
them
of
that
water
:
yet
moste
comfortably
did
they
inioy
the
welles
and
Tyepittes
within
the
walles
,
whiche
abundantly
fléeted
with
waters
to
the
satisfying
of
all
the
people
therin
.
There
are
also
within
this
Cittie
certain
Fountains
called
Conduits
,
vnto
which
through
certain
canalis
or
Pipes
of
Lead
,
waters
are
conueyed
from
Springs
rising
out
of
certain
places
and
féelds
without
this
Cittie
,
and
these
waters
are
of
moste
price
,
the
same
by
reason
of
the
cariage
béeing
purified
and
made
lighter
then
the
waters
springing
within
the
Cittie
,
and
by
that
menes
more
fit
for
the
dressing
of
meates
.
Of
these
Fountains
one
béeing
of
great
antiquitie
,
and
of
later
réedifyed
,
standeth
in
the
middle
of
the
Cittie
at
the
méeting
of
foure
principall
Streets
therof
,
and
wherof
it
taketh
his
name
,
beeing
called
the
Conduit
at
Quarterfoies
or
Carsoxe
,
and
this
serueth
eche
parte
of
the
Cittie
a
like
.
At
the
higher
parte
of
this
Cittie
,
is
a
very
olde
and
auncient
Castle
called
by
the
name
of
Rugemont
,
that
is
to
say
the
red
hil
,
taking
that
name
of
the
red
Earth
whervpon
it
standeth
.
The
Cite
of
it
is
eminent
,
and
aboue
bothe
the
Cittie
and
countrie
adioyning
,
for
they
doo
all
lye
as
vnder
the
lee
therof
.
It
hath
a
goodly
prospect
towards
the
Seas
,
for
betwéen
that
and
it
is
no
hil
at
all
,
it
is
strongly
diched
round
about
,
and
was
so
builded
(
as
is
thought
)
by
Iulius
Caesar
or
rather
by
the
Romains
after
him
,
for
they
had
their
recourse
to
it
for
their
defence
and
refuge
many
yéeres
.
The
same
also
was
sometimes
the
Palaice
of
such
Kings
,
as
to
whome
the
Kingdome
of
west
Sex
or
west
Saxons
was
alloted
vnto
.
After
that
:
it
was
the
habitation
of
the
Earles
of
Cornwall
,
and
last
of
all
to
the
Dukes
of
Exon
,
and
of
Cornwall
,
for
to
those
estates
:
the
signiory
of
this
Cittie
did
appertain
,
the
same
béeing
parcel
sometimes
of
the
Earledome
,
but
now
of
the
Duchie
of
Cornewall
It.
is
now
in
meruelous
ruin
and
decay
,
not
easely
by
force
to
be
gotten
,
were
it
réedified
and
inuironed
.
At
the
lower
end
and
parte
of
this
Cittie
,
without
the
walles
:
fléeteth
a
goodly
Riuer
called
in
British
Iske
.
Ptholomeus
by
misinformation
calleth
it
Isaca
,
but
the
olde
writers
name
it
Esle
,
Exe
,
Ex●
or
Excestrum
,
which
names
be
yet
retained
.
It
hath
his
spring
or
hed
in
a
certain
Moer
or
desert
,
distant
from
this
Cittie
neer
about
xxiiij
.
miles
called
Exemore
:
it
floweth
into
the
main
Seas
,
but
by
the
way
is
increced
with
sundry
Riuers
,
Brookes
and
Lakes
,
namely
:
Creedy
,
Collome
,
and
others
,
in
it
is
great
plenty
of
Salmon
,
Trout
,
Peal
,
dace
,
Pike
,
and
other
fresh
water
Fish
,
whiche
are
had
in
the
lesse
price
for
that
the
Seas
béeing
so
néer
:
doo
furnish
the
Cittie
and
the
cuntrey
abundantly
with
sundry
kindes
of
Sea
Fish
moste
delicate
.
The
main
Sea
it self
is
not
distant
from
the
Cittie
abooue
eight
miles
out
wherof
commeth
an
Arme
seruing
for
the
Port
of
the
same
,
which
sometimes
as
appéereth
by
olde
and
auncient
records
:
did
flow
vp
to
the
walles
of
the
Cittie
,
where
bothe
Shippes
were
wunt
to
be
laden
and
vnladen
,
of
all
kinde
of
Merchandise
at
a
proper
place
appointed
for
the
same
,
which
at
this
presents
kéepeth
his
olde
and
ancient
name
,
béeing
callen
the
Water
gate
.
The
decay
therof
happened
in
the
yéer
of
our
Lord.
1312.
Courtney
by
one
Hugh
Courtney
the
third
of
that
name
,
and
Earle
of
Deuon
who
béeing
offended
and
incenced
against
this
Cittie
,
his
wrathful
humour
could
not
be
satisfied
vnlesse
he
might
impair
the
state
of
that
common
welth
,
and
therfore
séeing
and
vnderstanding
emong
other
commodities
,
the
vse
of
the
Hauen
to
be
one
of
the
chéefest
:
did
neuer
quiet
him self
vntil
he
had
destroyed
the
same
.
Wherfore
in
the
yéer
of
our
Lord.
1313.
béeing
the
fifth
yéer
of
the
reign
of
King
Edward
the
second
,
he
enterprised
his
pretenced
deuise
and
mischéef
.
For
where
as
the
Lady
Awmerle
Countesse
of
Deuon
his
Ancestrix
,
had
builded
certain
Weares
vpon
the
Riuer
of
Exe
,
th'
one
within
the
mannor
of
Exminster
,
béeing
in
the
west
side
of
the
Riuer
and
th'
other
within
her
manor
of
Topsham
,
béging
in
the
East
side
of
the
Riuer
:
leuing
betwéen
the
said
twoo
weres
,
a
certain
aparture
or
open
roume
of
thirtye
foot
,
through
which
all
Botes
,
Shippes
and
Uessails
without
let
might
haue
their
vsuall
passage
and
repassage
,
towards
and
from
this
Cittie
.
The
said
Earle
to
abridge
&
destroy
this
commoditie
:
did
leuye
&
build
a
new
Weare
in
the
said
open
place
,
stopping
,
filing
and
quirting
the
same
with
trees
,
timber
and
Stones
,
in
such
sort
that
no
vessail
could
passe
or
repasse
.
After
him
Edward
Courtney
Earle
of
Deuon
and
Nephew
to
the
said
Hugh
did
not
onely
maintaine
and
continew
the
fact
of
his
ancester
and
grandfather
,
by
dayly
repairing
and
defending
the
same
:
but
also
woorking
an
vttter
destruction
for
any
passage
for
Shippes
thencefoorth
to
the
Cittie
,
vnder
pretence
to
buyld
certain
Milles
,
did
erect
and
make
two
other
weares
,
the
one
Sainct
Iames
ouerthwart
the
Riuer
,
and
the
other
at
Lamperford
,
by
meanes
wherof
,
not
onely
the
Cittie
susteined
the
whole
losse
of
their
hauen
:
but
the
whole
Contrey
adioyning
,
for
which
iniuryes
vpon
complaints
made
,
writs
and
commissions
of
inquiry
were
sent
out
,
&
the
said
Earles
for
the
same
by
verdict
and
presentment
,
at
seuerall
times
found
guilty
,
but
such
was
his
authoritie
and
power
:
that
it
auailed
nothing
.
Neuerthelesse
the
said
Earle
Hugh
(
the
water
course
vnto
the
Cittie
thus
destroyed
)
buylded
a
place
called
a
Key
,
for
the
charge
and
discharge
of
all
Wares
and
Merchandise
within
that
port
,
at
a
Town
of
his
owne
called
Topsham
,
distant
from
the
Cittie
about
thrée
miles
,
from
whence
euer
sithence
all
wares
and
Merchandises
haue
béen
caryed
and
recaryed
to
and
from
the
Cittie
by
Horse
,
Cart
or
Wain
,
though
to
the
gain
of
the
Earle
and
his
Tenaunts
:
yet
to
the
great
trouble
and
hindraunce
of
this
Cittie
and
Merchaunts
therof
.
Neuerthelesse
the
port
hath
euermore
,
&
yet
dooth
retain
his
olde
and
ancient
name
,
béeing
called
the
Port
of
this
Cittie
of
Exon
,
and
alwaies
hath
béen
and
presently
is
a
tribute
paid
vnto
the
Cittie
for
all
kindes
of
wares
and
Merchandise
discharged
within
that
Port
,
and
called
by
the
name
of
the
pettie
&
town
costome
.
And
albeit
the
water
course
thus
destroyed
,
can
hardely
be
restored
to
his
olde
pristinate
&
naturall
estate
,
for
that
through
long
continuaunce
the
olde
course
cannot
be
discerned
:
yet
now
at
length
after
many
attempts
and
great
expences
,
a
water
course
and
passage
begun
in
the
yéer
.
1564.
is
recouered
,
and
by
sluces
,
Botes
and
vessailes
of
xx
.
tunnes
tight
are
brought
to
the
Citie
,
and
there
discharged
at
the
olde
and
ancient
place
called
the
Water
gate
▪
Where
is
buylded
a
fair
and
a
large
Key
or
Wharf
,
as
also
an
engine
called
a
Crane
fit
for
the
purpose
.
Within
this
Cittie
were
sometime
but
few
parish
Churches
,
but
when
that
Innocencius
tertius
,
in
the
yéere
of
our
Lord.
1198.
had
established
the
Article
of
Transubstanciation
adding
the
same
to
the
Simbole
,
as
appéereth
in
the
Decretal
,
titulo
de
summa
trinitate
,
canon
,
firmiter
,
them
his
next
successor
Honorius
,
Anno.
1218.
did
not
onely
confirme
the
same
:
but
also
decreed
Reseruation
,
Candlelight
and
praying
for
the
dead
as
appéereth
Decret.
titulo
de
celebratione
missarum
,
canon
,
sane
cum
et
sane
cum
creatura
,
by
which
meanes
the
number
of
Préests
did
not
onely
increace
:
but
Churches
also
in
all
places
began
dayly
to
be
buylded
.
And
therfore
in
this
Cittie
in
the
yéer
of
our
Lord
,
1222.
béeing
the
.vj.
yéere
of
Henry
the
third
,
the
parish
Churches
therin
were
limitted
out
and
augmented
to
the
number
of
xix
.
Churches
within
the
Cittie
and
suburbes
of
the
same
.
And
moste
certain
it
is
,
that
in
times
past
they
were
liuings
competent
and
sufficient
to
maintain
an
Incumbent
,
but
that
kinde
of
Religion
now
auoyded
&
the
Gospel
preched
:
the
liuelihods
are
so
small
as
not
sufficient
to
maintain
a
poore
Clark
or
Scoller
,
which
is
the
cause
that
so
many
of
them
doo
ly
vacant
without
Incumbents
.
Besides
these
parish
Churches
,
there
was
also
a
Monastery
Churche
of
Exon.
sometime
of
Monkes
of
Saint
Benets
order
,
but
sithence
a
Cathedrall
Church
béeing
very
fair
and
sumptuously
buylded
,
with
frée
Stones
,
and
the
Pillers
of
grey
Marble
,
standing
and
Ethelwol
phus
.
scituated
in
the
East
parte
of
the
Cittie
,
which
as
some
doo
reporte
that
Etheldred
the
third
Sonne
of
Ethelwolphus
should
first
found
and
buyld
.
Some
think
that
King
Edgar
did
it
,
trueth
it
is
that
bothe
the
said
Kings
buylded
euery
of
them
a
house
of
Religious
persons
within
this
Cittie
,
but
the
first
was
Etheldred
vtterly
burnt
and
destroyed
by
the
Danes
:
and
th'
other
in
processe
of
time
vnited
to
the
Monastery
,
which
now
is
a
Cathedrall
Edgar
.
Church
,
which
is
moste
certain
and
trew
that
King
Athelstane
the
Sonne
of
King
Edward
the
elder
did
bothe
found
and
buyld
it
,
as
it
dooth
plainly
appéer
in
the
history
of
the
said
Church
where
it
is
written
.
Athelstanus
subiugatis
cornuquallensibus
reuersus
est
ad
ciuitatem
que
antiquitu
▪
Muncketon
vocabatur
,
nunc
autem
Exeter
,
ac
ibi
sedens
Anno.
932
▪
non
tam
lacerata
eiusdem
Ciuitatis
maenia
reparabat
,
quin
et
mansum
quoddam
dedit
ad
fundandum
Monasterium
pro
monachis
Deo
et
Sancto
Petro
famulantibus
.
This
King
besides
his
expences
&
charges
in
building
of
this
Church
(
which
at
the
first
was
but
small
)
placed
therin
Munkes
of
S.
Benettes
order
,
prouided
liuelehodes
for
them
,
and
made
vnto
them
a
gouernor
and
Ruler
called
by
the
name
of
an
Abbote
,
towards
whose
liuelihodes
he
gaue
Morckshull
and
Treasurers
Beare
,
which
at
these
presents
doo
yet
remain
beeing
annexed
to
the
dignitie
of
the
Tresurership
.
The
Church
thus
begun
:
Kings
,
Princes
,
and
noble
men
(
from
time
to
time
)
were
gladly
contributors
to
the
absoluing
and
finishing
of
the
same
.
For
about
lxxx
.
and
od
yéeres
after
Adlestene
.
King
Knoght
called
Cahutus
or
Canutus
at
the
sugestion
of
one
of
his
Dukes
named
Canutus
Athelred
,
did
confirme
and
graunt
to
Athelwolde
(
then
Abbot
of
the
said
Church
)
&
to
his
successors
,
many
and
sundry
priuileges
and
liberties
,
vnder
his
Letters
Patentes
,
dated
the
second
yéer
of
his
reign
.
Anno
domini
▪
1019.
After
him
néer
about
xxx
.
yéeres
King
Edward
the
confessor
S.
Edward
,
remooued
the
Munkes
vnto
Westminster
,
and
made
this
a
Cathedrall
Church
,
remoouing
the
Sea
then
at
Crediton
to
this
Cittie
,
making
Leofricus
Bishop
therof
,
as
appéereth
by
his
letters
Patents
dated
the
viy
yéer
of
his
reign
,
An.
1050.
Howbe
Leofricus
it
the
Munck
of
Bury
and
Polidorus
&
others
,
doo
affirme
and
write
that
the
setling
of
this
Bishops
seat
in
this
Cittie
,
was
in
the
xij
.
yéer
of
William
the
Conquerour
,
for
thus
they
write
.
Habitum
est
Londini
sub
Lanfranco
Antistitum
et
sacerdotum
comitium
,
quo
decretum
est
,
quod
aliquot
sedes
Episcopales
,
que
in
opidulis
et
pagis
ante
fuerant
,
in
vrbibus
et
locis
celeberrimis
,
collocarentur
,
quo
factum
est
,
vt
Bathonia
Lincolnia
,
Sarisburia
,
Exonia
,
Cestria
et
Cicestria
vrbes
,
huiusmodi
,
nouis
Episcoporum
domiciliis
sunt
nobilitate
.
But
the
reuerence
of
these
writers
reserued
,
this
cannot
be
so
of
this
Church
,
the
Charter
therof
witnesing
the
contrary
,
&
declaring
how
that
King
Edward
&
Edith
his
wife
did
put
Bishop
Leofricus
in
possession
of
this
Sea
them selues
.
Likewise
William
the
Conquerour
in
the
third
yéer
of
his
reign
.
Anno.
1069.
did
not
onely
confirme
the
former
Charter
,
but
also
at
the
instance
and
sute
of
William
wareweste
then
his
Chaplain
and
after
Bishop
of
the
same
Sea
,
did
giue
vnto
it
the
segniory
of
Plimpton
,
Brampton
and
S.
Stephens
,
in
Exeter
,
which
the
said
William
béeing
Bishop
did
distribute
,
giuing
Plympton
to
the
Channons
there
,
Brampton
was
afterward
annexed
to
the
Deanry
,
but
Saint
Stephens
with
a
Court
Baron
to
the
same
,
was
alwaies
reserued
to
the
Bishop
and
his
successors
,
wherby
they
are
Barons
and
so
Lords
of
the
Parlement
.
It
was
also
enlarged
from
time
to
time
,
with
possessions
,
reuenewes
,
buildings
,
riches
&
priuileges
,
by
Kings
,
Princes
,
Prelates
,
Bishops
,
and
sundry
others
▪
as
héerafter
I
shal
particulerly
touch
&
declare
by
Gods
grace
at
large
in
a
perticuler
Book
therof
.
And
this
one
thing
is
to
be
noted
,
that
albeit
there
were
néer
iiij
.
hundred
yéeres
distant
from
the
foundation
to
the
absoluing
therof
:
yet
is
so
vniformely
and
decently
compact
,
as
though
it
had
béen
buylded
at
one
instant
.
The
Bishop
is
distinct
from
the
Channons
,
bothe
in
house
and
reuenew
,
his
liuelihods
béeing
no
parcel
of
that
which
doth
appertain
to
the
Church
and
Channons
.
It
was
sometimes
of
great
large
reuenewes
,
but
the
more
parte
therof
prodigally
hath
béen
exhaunsed
by
a
wastful
Bishop
.
The
Bishop
and
Channons
haue
very
fair
houses
which
are
situated
about
the
Church
and
Cemitory
,
and
are
inclosed
euery
night
,
by
shutting
fast
of
certain
gates
,
wherby
they
claime
them selues
to
be
exempted
from
the
iurisdiction
of
the
Cittie
.
In
the
middle
therof
:
is
a
very
fair
Conduict
or
fountain
,
wher
into
waters
by
certain
pipes
are
conueyd
from
certain
places
out
of
the
Cittie
,
and
the
same
from
thence
conueyed
to
the
Bishops
,
and
some
of
the
Channons
houses
.
The
Cittie
it self
is
very
populus
,
&
was
sometimes
chéefly
inhabited
with
Clothyers
or
Clothworkers
of
brode
clothes
,
seruing
much
for
the
Spanish
and
South
Countries
,
whiche
were
of
such
goodnes
and
substaunce
:
as
that
the
names
of
them
doo
yet
continew
in
these
partyes
,
but
now
it
is
chéefly
inhabited
with
Merchaunts
,
Kersey
Clothyers
&
of
all
sortes
of
Artificers
,
emong
whom
the
Merchants
are
the
chéefest
&
the
welthiest
.
The
gouernment
of
this
Cittie
was
sometimes
by
foure
Bayliffes
called
Prouostres
,
but
shortly
after
the
Conquest
:
there
was
ordred
a
Senate
of
xxxvj
,
and
in
these
latter
dayes
of
xxiiij
▪
persons
of
the
moste
sober
,
graue
and
wisest
Commoners
and
franchised
men
of
the
same
,
of
which
number
one
was
and
is
yéerly
chosen
to
be
the
chéefest
gouernour
for
the
yéer
folowing
and
is
called
by
the
name
of
a
Maior
.
This
Mayor
associated
with
the
foresaid
foure
Bayliffes
,
hath
the
discerning
of
and
in
all
maner
of
actions
betwixt
partie
and
partie
,
&
for
which
he
kéepeth
on
euery
Monday
a
Court
in
the
Guilde
hall
of
the
said
Cittie
,
but
the
Bayliffes
hauing
the
like
iurisdiction
:
doo
according
to
their
olde
and
ancient
customes
kéep
the
like
Courts
,
beeing
distinct
from
the
Mayor
at
all
dayes
and
times
when
them
best
liketh
,
which
their
Court
:
is
called
by
the
name
of
the
Prouostres
Court
,
for
Prouostres
was
their
first
names
.
Thus
the
Maior
and
Bayliffes
bothe
ioyntly
and
seuerally
haue
iurisdiction
to
discerne
in
causes
betwéen
partie
and
partie
,
but
if
the
matter
doo
touch
the
Prince
,
the
Crown
,
the
common
peace
,
or
the
state
of
the
Cittie
and
the
common
welth
of
the
same
:
then
the
same
are
decided
and
determined
either
by
the
Maior
and
Justices
,
or
by
the
Mayor
and
common
Councel
,
or
by
the
Maior
him self
,
or
by
some
other
Officer
or
officers
according
to
the
nature
or
qualitie
of
the
cause
or
matter
.
But
because
it
requireth
a
large
discourse
to
discribe
the
gouernment
of
the
common
welth
of
this
Cittie
,
the
charge
of
euery
seuerall
Officer
,
the
diuersitie
of
officers
,
their
seuerall
iurisdictions
,
with
a
number
of
other
things
incident
to
their
charges
:
I
doo
minde
héerafter
by
Gods
grace
,
at
large
to
set
the
same
foorth
in
such
sort
that
all
estates
and
degrées
,
and
euery
perticuler
Officer
and
other
person
within
that
Cittie
shall
knowe
his
charge
,
Office
and
dutie
,
and
what
to
euery
of
them
appertaineth
.
In
the
mean
time
:
let
it
suffise
that
partely
through
good
gouernment
and
partely
of
a
ciuil
inclination
,
the
people
of
this
Cittie
as
very
obsequions
and
obedient
to
the
Quéen
and
her
lawes
,
and
haue
in
great
reuerence
and
awe
,
their
gouernours
and
Magistrates
for
the
time
béeing
.
And
this
one
thing
is
not
so
straunge
as
notable
,
that
euen
from
the
beginning
,
they
haue
from
time
to
time
béen
careful
for
their
common
welth
,
&
moste
vigilant
for
the
preseruation
therof
,
which
as
in
time
of
peace
they
did
wel
rule
&
gouerne
:
so
also
in
the
troublesome
times
and
vnquiet
estates
they
haue
moste
valiantly
defended
against
the
incurtions
and
assaultes
of
their
enemyes
,
as
by
the
sundrye
Historyes
it
may
appéer
.
For
Aruiragus
,
King
of
this
land
minding
to
stay
the
Realme
in
his
ancient
libertyes
:
denyed
to
pay
to
the
Romains
the
tribute
which
they
demaunded
,
wherfore
Claudius
the
Emperour
sent
Vespasian
the
Duke
of
the
Romain
Armye
into
this
Realme
,
either
to
recouer
the
tribute
or
to
subdue
the
land
.
This
Vespasian
is
he
who
in
the
xxiiij
.
yéer
after
this
did
besiege
and
destroy
Iherusalem
,
wherfore
the
Duke
landing
in
Torbay
which
was
then
called
Totonesium
littus
,
came
to
this
Cittie
,
layd
siege
to
the
same
,
with
continuall
assaults
and
batteryes
for
eyght
dayes
.
Aruiragus
the
King
béeing
then
in
the
East
partes
and
hearing
of
this
:
gathereth
his
Armye
and
power
,
marcheth
towards
this
Cittie
and
incountreth
with
the
enemye
.
The
Romain
after
long
fight
(
not
able
to
preuail
)
endeth
the
matter
by
composicion
,
and
because
this
shall
not
séem
to
be
a
deuised
and
fained
matter
:
I
wil
write
the
woords
of
foure
sundry
Historyes
.
The
Cronicle
of
the
Cathedrall
Church
of
the
said
Cittie
hath
these
woords
Anno
dom.
49.
Vespasianus
,
cum
Romano
exercitu
ciuitatem
nunc
voca
tam
Exeter
octo
diebus
obsedit
:
sed
minime
preualuit
,
Aruirago
Rege
Ciuibus
auxilium
prestante
.
Gaulfride
of
Monmothe
writeth
thus
.
Vespasianus
a
Claudio
missus
est
,
vt
Aruiragum
vel
pacificaret
,
vel
Romanae
subiectioni
restitueret
:
cum
igitur
in
portu
in
rutupi
applicare
Vespasianus
cepisset
:
obuiauit
ei
Aruiragus
,
atque
prohibuit
ne
portum
ingrederetur
retraxit
itaque
se
vespasianus
a
portu
illo
,
retortisque
velis
in
littore
Totnesio
applicuit
:
nactus
de
inde
tellurem
Kayerpenhulgoite
que
nunc
Exoma
vocatur
obsessurus
eandem
adiuit
cumque
diebus
octo
eam
obsedisset
,
superuenit
Aruiragus
cum
exercitu
suo
,
preliumque
commisit
:
die
illa
valde
laceratus
sunt
vtrorumque
exercitus
:
sed
neuter
est
potitus
victoria
:
mane
autem
facto
,
mediante
Gen
wissa
Regina
concordes
effecti
sunt
.
Mathew
of
Westminster
writeth
.
Aruiragus
Britannorum
Rex
in
tantam
prolapsus
est
superbiam
quod
Romanae
potestati
noluit
diutius
subiectione
parere
:
Vespasianus
igitura
Claudio
missus
,
cum
in
rutupi
portu
applicare
incepisset
,
Aruiragus
illi
obuians
prohibuit
ne
ingrederetur
:
ac
Vespasianus
retortis
velis
in
Totonesio
littore
applicuit
:
et
ciuitatem
que
Britannice
Kayer
penhuelgoite
nunc
autem
Exonia
appellatur
obsedit
:
elapsis
inde
septem
diebus
Aruiragus
superuenit
,
preliumque
cum
Romanis
commisit
et
vtrorumque
exercitu
valde
lacerato
,
mediante
Genwissa
Claudii
filia
,
duces
amici
facti
sunt
.
In
the
History
intituled
,
Noua
Cronica
de
gestis
Anglorum
a
Britonibus
vsque
ad
Henricum
sextum
:
in
effect
is
written
the
like
.
Vespasianus
a
Claudio
missus
est
vt
Aruiragum
pacisicare
vel
Romani
ditioni
restitueret
,
cui
obuians
Aruiragus
prohibuit
ne
terram
suam
ingrederetur
:
timens
Vespasianus
armatorum
cohortem
retraxit
sese
retortisque
velis
in
Totonesio
littore
est
appulsus
,
atque
vrbem
Exone
obsedit
:
post
septem
dies
superuenit
Aruiragus
:
prelium
committitur
,
laceraturque
vtrorumque
exercitus
,
sed
neuter
potitur
victoria
:
demum
mediante
Genuissa
Regina
reconciliati
snnt
.
It
was
also
in
many
troubles
and
great
perplexities
in
the
vncertain
and
troublesome
estates
of
this
Realme
,
when
some
times
the
Romaines
,
sometimes
the
Picts
,
sometimes
the
Scottes
&
sometimes
the
Saxons
made
their
incursions
&
warres
vpon
&
in
this
land
,
by
reason
wherof
the
Records
&
memorialles
of
the
states
in
those
dayes
were
for
the
moste
parte
lost
and
consumed
.
And
yet
neuerthelesse
Mathew
of
Westminster
writeth
that
it
was
beséeged
by
Penda
King
of
Mercia
.
An.
Edwin
.
632.
in
the
time
of
Cadwallin
one
of
the
last
Kings
of
the
Britons
.
The
history
is
Edwin
the
Saxon
King
of
the
Northumbers
,
hauing
warres
against
Cadwalline
or
Cadwallo
,
did
so
Cadwalline
.
preuail
and
had
such
conquests
ouer
him
,
that
he
was
fain
and
driuen
to
forsake
his
Realme
of
Wales
and
flée
into
Ireland
:
where
Cadwallo
béeing
careful
to
recouer
his
land
&
cuntreye
:
repaired
his
Armye
and
gathered
a
new
force
,
and
often
times
did
attempt
to
land
there
within
his
owne
Contreye
,
but
all
was
in
vain
,
for
Edwin
was
euer
in
redines
and
alwaies
resisting
him
would
not
suffer
him
to
land
in
any
place
.
For
this
Edwin
had
about
him
a
certain
man
named
Pellitus
who
was
a
Magitian
&
skilful
in
Nicromancie
,
and
by
his
science
and
Art
:
did
for
show
&
declare
vnto
Edwin
what
thingꝭ
were
a
dooing
and
attempted
against
him
.
Cadwallo
hauing
such
euil
successe
:
was
in
vtter
dispair
to
recouer
or
auail
against
Edwin
,
wherfore
he
sailed
into
Armorica
now
called
Britain
vnto
the
king
therof
named
Salomon
to
whom
he
disclosed
his
miserable
estate
&
fortune
,
as
also
complained
much
of
Pellitus
&
of
his
Sorceryes
.
When
these
two
Kings
had
consulted
of
the
matter
:
it
was
at
length
concluded
&
thought
best
,
that
some
wittie
and
bolde
man
should
be
sent
ouer
and
giue
the
attempt
to
kil
Pellitus
,
whervpon
Brienus
Nephew
to
king
Cadwallo
taketh
vpon
him
to
attempt
this
matter
,
&
appareling
him self
in
poor
mans
wéed
:
saileth
ouer
into
England
and
traueleth
vnto
York
where
King
Edwin
lay
&
kept
his
Court
.
And
there
he
ioyned
and
accompanyed
him self
emong
the
poor
people
,
whose
custome
and
maner
was
to
lye
about
the
Kings
gates
,
at
dinner
and
Supper
times
,
awayting
for
the
Almes
after
Dinner
and
Supper
.
Pellitus
béeing
the
Kings
Alomener
and
hauing
the
charge
to
distribute
the
almes
:
commeth
foorth
and
setteth
the
poor
people
in
order
.
Brienus
by
his
béeing
there
:
watcheth
his
time
to
woork
his
feat
,
and
sudainly
in
the
prese
of
the
people
,
with
his
weapon
which
he
had
prepared
for
the
purpose
:
thrusteth
Pellitus
into
the
body
and
killeth
him
,
and
foorth
with
(
the
thing
in
such
a
throng
not
perceiued
)
shifteth
him self
away
priuely
,
and
through
woods
,
thickets
,
hilles
and
Dales
,
commeth
to
Exeter
,
where
he
discloseth
and
declareth
vnto
the
Britons
what
he
had
doon
,
they
glad
and
reioysing
héerof
,
and
hoping
that
now
their
King
Cadwallo
would
return
:
doo
prepare
and
make
redy
bothe
them selues
and
the
Cittie
aswell
for
the
resisting
of
their
enemyes
:
as
also
for
the
receiuing
and
ayding
of
their
King.
Penda
hearing
of
this
iniury
doon
to
King
Edwin
his
contreye
man
,
and
minding
to
reuenge
the
same
:
gathered
a
great
armye
of
Saxons
,
marcheth
vnto
Exeter
and
beseegeth
the
same
round
about
,
minding
the
vtter
subuertion
of
the
Cittie
,
and
nation
,
but
the
Citizens
and
Britons
manfully
withstanding
his
force
:
defended
bothe
them selues
and
their
Cittie
,
vntil
that
king
Cadwallo
(
beeing
héerof
aduertised
)
did
with
his
force
come
ouer
,
who
not
onely
reskewed
&
deliuered
bothe
his
Cittie
and
contrey
:
but
also
ioyning
battel
with
his
enemyes
gaue
them
the
ouerthrowe
.
3
It
was
also
in
great
trouble
in
the
time
of
King
Allured
Alphred
or
Alphred
the
fourth
Sonne
of
Ethelwolphus
,
for
Polidorus
and
others
doo
write
that
in
the
fifth
yeer
of
the
said
Kingis
reign
:
the
Danes
concluded
a
peace
with
the
King
,
and
gaue
hostages
for
the
kéeping
therof
,
notwithstanding
contrary
to
the
same
,
moste
perfideously
they
assembled
them selues
and
with
all
haste
marched
towards
this
Cittie
&
perforce
entred
&
took
the
same
.
Daci
etenim
qui
Religionem
et
fidem
pre
suo
commodo
postponendam
ducebant
Londino
se
mouentes
maximus
iti
neribus
Exoniam
proficiscuntur
:
vrbemque
per
vim
capiunt
.
but
long
they
inioyed
no
rest
there
:
for
the
winter
passed
,
the
King
to
be
reuenged
of
their
periurye
:
marched
towards
the
said
Cittie
with
his
power
,
which
the
Danes
vnderstanding
,
and
not
able
to
abide
the
vexation
and
trouble
of
the
Citizens
:
would
not
abide
the
end
,
but
fled
some
to
Dartmouth
,
&
there
took
shipping
,
who
were
in
a
tempest
at
the
Seas
for
the
moste
parte
drowned
,
some
fled
to
Chipenham
or
as
some
write
to
Bristow
,
whom
the
king
so
hardly
pursewed
that
he
neuer
gaue
ouer
vntil
he
had
ouercome
them
,
and
slain
their
Captains
,
Hubbert
and
Hungar.
4
Likewise
in
the
xix
.
yéer
of
the
reign
of
the
said
king
,
the
Danes
contrary
to
their
faith
,
pledges
and
promises
did
again
come
to
this
Cittie
and
layd
siege
to
the
same
.
Danorum
Excercitus
Anno.
877.
ab
warham
nocte
quadam
federe
dirupto
ad
Excancestre
diuerterunt
quod
Britannici
dicitur
Cayerewise
at
audito
Regis
aduentu
:
ad
puppes
fugerunt
,
et
in
mare
predantes
manebant
.
5
It
was
also
besieged
by
the
said
Danes
in
the
xix
yéer
.
of
king
Elgered
.
Anno.
1001.
For
the
Danes
which
were
then
in
Normandye
hearing
of
the
good
luck
,
successe
and
great
spoiles
their
company
in
England
had
in
euery
place
,
and
their
teeth
set
on
edge
therwith
:
sudainly
prepared
their
Shippes
to
sail
&
come
ouer
,
and
as
it
chaunced
they
landed
vpon
the
costes
of
Deuon
and
foorthwith
took
their
iourney
and
marched
towards
this
cittie
of
Exon
,
thinking
to
haue
found
them
napping
,
and
to
haue
taken
them
vnwares
and
vpon
a
sudain
.
Sed
Ciuibus
viriliter
resistentibus
recesserunt
,
the
inhabitants
and
people
of
Deuon
,
Somerset
and
Dorset
hearing
therof
:
in
all
haste
assembled
them selues
minding
bothe
to
reskew
the
Cittie
,
as
also
to
encounter
and
aduenture
the
feeld
with
the
Danes
.
And
meeting
with
them
as
they
were
comming
from
the
siege
of
the
Cittie
:
ioyned
battail
with
them
at
a
place
called
Pinho
distant
about
iij
,
miles
from
the
Cittie
,
where
was
a
cruel
fight
and
a
great
slaughter
had
betwéen
them
.
And
thus
dooth
Houedon
also
testifie
for
saith
he
,
Memoratus
paganorum
exercitus
de
Normannia
in
Angliam
reuectus
ostium
fluuii
Eaxe
ingreditur
et
mox
ad
extinguendam
vrbem
Exancestre
egreditur
sed
dum
murum
illius
destruere
moliretur
ac
ciuibus
vrbem
viriliter
defendentibus
repellitur
:
vnde
nimis
exasperatus
more
solito
villas
succendendo
agros
depopulando
hominesque
cedendo
,
per
domnoniam
vagatur
:
quare
domnanienses
in
vnum
congregati
,
in
loco
qui
dicitur
Pinho
certamen
cum
eis
ineunt
.
King
Sweno
béeing
in
Denmark
&
aduertised
héerof
,
as
also
Sweno
.
how
King
Eldred
alias
Etheldred
or
Egelred
,
had
caused
all
the
Danes
in
the
Realme
sudainly
in
one
night
to
be
slain
,
béeing
much
greeued
therwith
:
did
prouide
&
prepare
an
armye
for
the
reuenge
therof
,
and
in
the
yéer
.
1002.
landing
into
diuers
partes
of
this
Realme
did
moste
cruelly
spoil
the
land
▪
sley
the
people
and
bring
the
whole
estate
to
an
vnspeakable
miserye
.
But
at
length
(
receiuing
a
tribute
for
peace
)
returned
home
again
into
his
owne
contrey
,
howbeit
the
Citizens
of
Exon
hearing
of
this
crueltie
vsed
in
the
East
partes
:
made
them selues
strong
and
prepared
the
Cittie
in
redynes
to
withstand
the
force
of
such
an
enemye
,
if
happely
he
should
attempt
hostilite
and
force
against
them
.
But
the
Dane
beeing
returned
heme
and
knowing
nothing
of
this
preparation
:
one
Hugh
then
Earle
of
Deuon
,
(
as
Princes
lack
no
fawners
)
sent
his
letters
into
Denmark
to
King
Sweno
,
certifying
him
bothe
of
the
slate
&
welth
of
this
Cittie
,
and
of
the
great
preparation
made
therin
to
with
stand
him
,
perswading
him
not
to
sustain
such
a
matter
,
and
as
Coles
wil
be
soon
enkendled
:
so
foorthwith
the
Dane
was
in
his
heat
,
and
prepared
all
thinges
in
a
redynes
to
woork
his
wil
against
this
Cittie
.
Wherfore
the
yéer
folowing
béeing
the
yéer
of
our
Lord.
1003.
he
landed
vpon
the
costs
of
Deuon
and
Cornwall
,
with
a
huge
hoste
and
marching
towards
this
Citie
gaue
and
laid
siege
to
the
same
in
the
beginning
of
August
and
continued
vntil
the
xiiij
.
of
the
Kalendes
of
September
,
during
which
time
,
though
the
assaultes
were
often
ferce
and
cruel
:
yet
there
wanted
no
stomack
in
the
Citizens
to
withstand
the
same
.
But
in
continuance
of
time
when
they
sawe
them selues
weke
,
Uictualles
to
fail
,
the
fire
round
about
them
,
their
walles
beaten
down
,
them selues
dayly
slaughtered
and
murthered
,
and
with
this
their
decay
,
the
enemye
to
be
the
stronger
,
and
yet
in
all
their
distresse
their
king
Eldred
fled
into
Normandye
hauing
no
care
for
their
miseryes
,
nor
preparing
reskewes
,
for
their
ayd
and
succour
:
it
was
no
maruail
though
in
so
heauye
a
case
they
were
amased
and
astonied
,
&
yet
consulting
&
considering
with
them selues
that
Sweno
was
a
Dane
,
a
cruel
enemie
,
a
bloody
murtherer
&
a
very
vsurper
,
hauing
no
other
title
to
the
Realme
of
England
but
tiranny
:
did
with
one
consent
agrée
and
conclude
neuer
to
yéeld
or
giue
ouer
as
long
as
any
were
left
aliue
,
which
might
with
stand
such
an
enemye
,
wishing
rather
to
dye
in
trueth
,
and
for
their
common
welth
:
then
to
liue
with
reproche
and
infamy
,
and
to
departe
rather
with
mortall
Fame
:
then
to
be
miserable
slaues
to
an
vsurping
tirant
.
When
therfore
after
many
long
assaultes
they
were
spent
and
few
or
none
left
aliue
to
withstand
so
mightie
&
so
many
enemyes
:
the
Dane
on
the.
xxvij
.
of
August
entred
the
Cittie
,
and
when
he
had
serued
his
bloody
appetite
,
in
murdering
the
poor
widdowes
and
Children
:
he
spoyled
the
Cittie
,
burned
the
houses
,
rased
the
walles
,
beat
down
the
Temples
,
and
left
nothing
which
either
by
swoord
,
fire
or
spoyling
might
be
consumed
.
And
so
Renolph
writteth
.
Dici
cum
suo
Rege
Swano
Excestriam
venerunt
et
vrbem
funditus
destruxerunt
,
nulla
re
incolumir
▪
licta
,
que
aut
ferro
aut
igne
poterat
vastari
.
et
omnia
spolia
cineribus
tantum
relictis
,
secum
deportauerunt
.
The
like
woords
Henry
of
Huntington
in
the
sixt
Booke
of
his
historyes
,
writeth
in
this
sort
.
Anno
dom.
1003
,
Daci
ira
exarserunt
,
sicut
ignis
quem
sanguine
velit
aliquis
extinguere
:
aduolantes
igitur
quasi
multitudo
locustarum
quidam
Exestriam
venerunt
,
et
vrbem
totam
funditus
destruxerunt
,
et
omnia
spolia
secum
,
cineribus
tantum
relictis
deportauerunt
.
Houedon
also
writteth
.
Rex
danorum
Swein
per
iniuriam
et
proditionem
Normanici
comitis
hugonis
quem
Emma
Domnaniae
prefecerat
,
ciuitatem
Exon
infregit
spoliauit
murum
ab
orientali
vsque
ad
occidentalem
portam
destrux
it
et
cum
ingenti
praeda
naues
repetiit
.
William
Conquerer
.
6
It
was
also
besieged
by
William
the
Conquerour
in
the
first
yéer
of
his
reign
Anno.
1068.
:
for
when
he
first
entred
the
land
vsing
by
dent
of
Swoord
all
hostilitie
:
this
Cittie
entring
in
leage
with
the
nobilitie
and
Townes
of
this
Contrey
,
did
conclude
and
promise
,
eche
to
the
other
to
withstand
the
enemye
to
the
vttermoste
,
&
accordingly
did
prepare
for
the
same
,
but
when
the
Conquerour
had
preuailed
and
subdued
almoste
the
whole
Realme
,
and
vnderstanding
that
this
Cittie
would
not
yéeld
:
sent
his
Armye
from
London
and
besieged
the
same
,
and
perceiuing
the
siege
to
continew
:
marched
him self
as
far
as
Salisbury
towards
the
same
.
In
the
mean
time
.
the
Citizens
aduertised
that
the
whole
Realme
had
yéelded
,
and
seeing
their
confederats
to
shrink
dayly
from
them
:
and
by
that
menes
they
to
wax
dayly
weaker
and
weaker
,
beeing
not
able
to
withstand
so
great
a
power
and
Armye
as
was
round
about
them
:
did
by
way
of
intreatie
offer
conditions
of
peace
,
and
submitted
them selues
to
the
King
,
who
according
to
their
composition
receiued
their
submission
,
&
after
a
gréeuouse
fine
taken
:
did
restore
the
Cittie
vnto
them
again
.
But
in
token
of
his
conquest
:
he
altred
the
Gates
of
the
Castel
,
and
swore
all
the
people
to
be
his
liege
Subiects
.
Houedon
in
his
History
maketh
mencion
that
King
Harolds
wife
should
be
within
the
Cittie
during
this
assault
&
besiege
,
for
these
be
his
woords
,
Hyeme
imminente
Rex
Willielmus
de
Normannia
in
Angliam
rediitet
Angliae
importabile
tributum
imposuit
:
deinde
in
domnoniam
hostiliter
profectus
est
ad
ciuitatem
Excestriam
quam
ciues
et
nonnulli
Anglici
ministri
contra
illum
retinebant
et
obsedit
et
in
fregit
:
Githa
vero
commitissa
mater
scilicet
Haroldi
Regis
Anglorum
,
ac
soror
Swani
Regis
danorum
cum
multis
de
ciuitate
fugiens
,
euasit
,
e●
Flandriam
petiit
:
ciues
autem
dex
tris
acceptis
regi
se
dederunt
.
7
Also
in
the
second
yéer
of
King
Stephen
.
Anno.
1137.
the
King
Stephen
,
Lords
and
Péeres
of
the
Realme
remembring
the
othe
they
had
made
to
King
Henry
the
first
,
to
whome
they
swore
to
bée
true
to
Maude
the
Kings
daughter
and
to
her
heires
(
and
yet
contrary
to
the
same
had
sworne
them selues
to
King
Stephen
:
)
began
to
repent
them selues
,
and
consulted
how
to
restore
Maude
the
Empresse
,
wherfore
assembling
togither
in
armour
did
deuide
themselues
and
took
sundry
Cities
&
Castels
.
Baldwin
Ridiuers
.
And
Baldwin
Ridiuers
Earle
of
Deuon
with
force
of
Armes
tooke
this
Cittie
,
whom
King
Stephen
pursuing
:
did
driue
him
out
of
the
same
to
the
Islle
of
Wight
then
his
Lordship
.
But
the
King
when
he
had
receiued
the
Cittie
into
his
faith
:
did
march
towards
the
Isle
of
Wight
,
and
taking
the
same
,
did
banish
the
said
Earle
.
But
Maude
the
Empresse
remembring
this
Cittie
for
this
faith
did
enlarge
the
liberties
,
for
whom
euer
after
an
aniuersary
was
kept
at
the
charges
of
the
Cittie
.
Howebeit
some
say
that
this
Baldwin
took
Oxforde
or
Westchester
,
and
not
Excester
and
from
thence
fled
to
Wight
.
8
It
was
also
in
some
trouble
in
the
xj
.
yéere
of
King
Richard
King
Richard
.
the
second
.
Anno.
1387.
For
a
controuersie
béeing
bèfall
betwéen
the
King
and
his
Uncles
,
the
Dukes
of
York
and
Glocestre
,
Duke
of
York
.
none
were
then
so
much
in
the
Kings
fauour
as
Robart
Vere
Marques
of
Doublin
,
Michael
Dalapool
Earle
of
Suffolke
,
and
others
of
their
faction
:
whome
the
King
commaunded
Duke
of
Glocestre
to
collect
and
assemble
an
Armye
,
in
and
for
his
defence
against
his
vncles
,
but
they
,
whether
they
mistrusted
their
owne
parte
,
or
whether
they
were
minded
to
make
them selues
stronger
,
leuing
their
iorney
towards
London
came
to
this
Cittie
,
Vere
.
the
Dukes
understanding
the
same
:
pursued
them
with
all
spéed
,
and
at
this
Cittie
ioyned
battail
and
fought
with
them
,
but
the
Marques
and
the
Earle
trusting
better
to
their
féet
then
to
Delapole
.
their
hands
:
did
preuily
flée
away
into
Scotland
,
and
from
thence
into
Flanders
where
they
dyed
.
9
It
was
also
in
great
troubles
in
the
time
of
King
Edward
Lord
Din
ham
.
the
fourth
,
for
in
the
x.
yéer
of
his
reign
.
Anno.
1469.
when
the
states
of
King
Henry
the
vj.
and
King
Edward
the
fourth
were
doutful
.
The
Duchesse
of
Clarente
,
the
Lord
Dinham
,
the
Lord
Fitzwarren
and
the
Baron
of
Carewe
with
others
,
Lord
Fitzwarren
.
who
took
parte
with
Henry
the
vj.
came
to
this
Cittie
accompanyed
with
a
thousand
fighting
men
,
the
Duches
béeing
great
with
childe
,
and
lodged
in
the
Bishops
place
.
But
Sir
Baron
of
Carewe
.
Hugh
Courtney
Knight
,
who
fauored
and
was
of
the
parte
of
King
Edward
,
hearing
of
this
:
raised
an
armye
of
his
fréends
and
Allies
,
besieged
the
Cittie
,
brake
down
the
Bridges
,
and
stopped
all
the
waies
comming
towards
the
same
,
by
meanes
wherof
no
Uictualles
could
come
to
the
market
.
And
béeing
encamped
about
the
Cittie
,
sent
vnto
the
Mayor
requiring
him
either
to
open
the
Gates
:
or
to
deliuer
the
gentlemen
whiche
were
within
.
The
gentlemen
which
were
within
,
they
of
their
parties
either
mistrusting
the
Mayor
or
Comons
,
or
not
willing
to
be
ruled
vnder
his
gouernment
:
requied
the
keyes
of
the
gates
to
be
deliuered
into
their
custody
,
and
all
things
to
be
doon
as
at
their
appointment
.
In
which
perplexitie
and
doutful
estate
:
the
Mayor
and
his
brethern
consulting
,
did
resolue
and
determine
neither
to
yéeld
to
the
request
of
them
which
were
without
:
nor
yet
to
satisfie
their
requests
which
were
within
,
but
pacifying
bothe
partyes
with
such
honest
and
quiet
meanes
as
they
might
,
did
conclude
to
keep
the
Cittie
and
them selues
,
as
to
their
allegiance
appertained
to
the
vse
of
the
Crown
,
wherfore
foorthwith
they
rampred
the
Gates
,
fortified
the
Walles
,
and
armed
their
Souldiers
and
set
all
things
in
good
order
,
leauing
nothing
vndoon
,
which
might
be
for
the
preseruation
of
the
state
and
common
welth
of
the
Cittie
.
But
in
small
processe
of
time
,
the
prouision
waxed
short
,
and
victualles
began
to
be
scant
,
whereof
it
was
feared
a
famine
would
insue
,
the
same
béeing
so
hard
a
thing
,
as
so
great
a
number
of
people
would
not
endure
and
abide
.
Yet
notwithstanding
partely
by
the
good
peswasions
of
the
Magistrates
,
and
hauing
a
regarde
of
their
owne
dutyes
and
estates
,
and
hoping
this
troublesome
time
would
not
long
indure
:
did
continewe
firme
and
trusty
in
their
cause
,
vntil
at
length
by
way
of
intreatie
and
mediation
of
certain
Chanons
Duke
of
Clarence
.
of
the
Close
,
the
siege
was
after
xij
.
dayes
remooued
and
raised
,
whervpon
very
shortly
did
insue
the
féeld
at
Edgecourt
,
where
the
Duke
of
Clarence
,
and
the
Earle
of
Warwick
béeing
put
to
the
worst
)
did
flée
to
this
Cittie
,
entring
in
the
third
of
April
,
Neuel
erle
of
Warwick
.
lying
in
the
Bishops
Pallaice
for
a
few
dayes
,
vntil
they
prouided
Shippes
at
Dartmouth
fit
for
their
passage
to
Calleys
.
The
King
hauing
vnderstanding
whiche
wayes
his
enemyes
were
gon
:
followed
and
pursewed
them
with
an
armye
of
xl
.
thousand
men
,
and
came
to
this
Cittie
the
xiiij
.
of
Aprill
,
Anno.
1470.
but
he
came
to
late
the
Duke
and
the
Earle
béeing
gone
to
the
Seaes
before
his
comming
,
wherfore
the
King
after
he
had
reposed
him self
héer
thrée
dayes
:
returned
.
10
It
was
likewise
in
great
trouble
,
béeing
besieged
the
.x.
j.
king
Henry
.
yéere
of
the
reign
of
King
Henry
the
vij
.
Anno
1498.
by
one
Parkin
Warbeck
who
in
the
beginning
of
September
came
to
this
Cittie
and
encamped
it
,
with
Ordinaunce
battred
the
walles
,
fired
the
gates
,
vndermined
the
walles
and
scaled
the
same
,
but
by
the
noble
courage
of
the
Citizens
:
he
had
small
successe
,
béeing
manfully
resisted
vntil
suche
time
as
the
King
aduertised
therof
:
did
send
the
Lord
Edward
Courtney
Earle
of
Deuon
,
and
the
Lord
William
his
Sonne
,
with
other
Noble
men
,
who
reskewed
the
Cittie
and
deliuered
it
from
the
enemye
.
11
Finally
and
last
of
all
it
was
besieged
in
▪
the
third
yéere
of
King
Edward
.
King
Edward
the
sixt
.
Anno.
1549.
by
the
Commons
of
Deuon
and
Cornwall
,
who
not
contenting
them selues
with
the
state
of
Religion
then
established
:
clustered
them selues
in
companyes
,
appointed
to
them selues
Captaines
,
and
minded
by
their
force
to
vndoo
that
which
the
Prince
by
Lawe
and
Act
of
Parlement
had
established
,
wherfore
to
redéeme
all
such
places
of
force
,
welth
,
and
defence
,
into
their
owne
hands
,
whiche
might
in
any
respect
,
serue
for
their
ayde
and
defence
:
came
to
this
Cittie
the
second
of
July
.
1549.
and
encamped
them
selues
about
the
same
in
great
numbers
,
during
the
time
of
their
abode
&
besieging
:
great
troubles
arose
,
sometimes
assaultꝭ
made
,
sometimes
the
gates
fired
,
sometimes
the
walles
vndermined
,
some
times
skirmishes
made
&
some
great
laromes
to
defend
the
walles
against
scaling
,
finally
nothing
was
left
vndoon
,
which
the
enemyes
might
deuise
for
the
obteining
of
their
purpose
.
And
albeit
there
wanted
not
lusty
stomakes
of
the
Citizens
to
withstand
this
outward
force
,
yet
in
processe
of
time
such
scarcitie
of
Uitualles
did
encrease
,
&
Bread
waxed
so
scant
:
that
the
people
began
to
waxe
wery
and
lothe
to
abide
the
extremitie
therof
,
whiche
was
so
extreme
,
that
it
was
feared
either
that
the
people
must
yéeld
to
the
enemye
:
or
perish
with
famin
.
How beit
the
Magistrates
(
though
sory
in
such
destesse
)
yet
hauing
a
speciall
regarde
of
their
dutie
toward
the
Prince
,
and
their
charge
to
the
common
welth
,
left
no
meanes
vnsought
to
quiet
the
people
and
stay
them
in
their
deutye
and
obidience
.
Wherfore
comforting
the
people
with
fair
promises
,
and
liberall
reléeuing
their
necessities
:
did
in
such
sort
and
order
handle
the
matter
,
that
euery
body
with
one
assent
was
resolued
in
hope
of
some
spéedy
releef
to
abide
the
end
,
and
in
no
wise
to
giue
place
to
the
enemye
:
but
to
continue
faithful
to
the
Prince
,
and
trusty
to
their
common
welth
.
And
yet
in
the
meane
while
the
gouernours
left
no
deuises
and
prouisions
which
might
be
for
the
reléefe
and
comfort
of
the
poore
hungrye
bellyes
,
wherfore
the
corne
and
Meale
consumed
:
they
caused
of
course
and
olde
refused
Bran
,
bread
to
be
moulded
vp
in
clothes
,
for
otherwise
it
would
not
stick
togither
.
Also
they
caused
some
excurtions
to
be
made
out
of
the
Cittie
,
for
the
praying
and
taking
of
such
Cattel
as
were
néer
about
the
walles
,
which
béeing
taken
:
was
distributed
emong
the
poor
.
Likewise
the
Prisoners
in
captiuitie
were
contented
to
be
fatisfied
with
such
victualles
,
as
could
bée
prouided
,
and
albeit
mannes
nature
can
scarcely
abide
to
féed
vpon
the
flesh
of
a
Horse
:
yet
these
poor
men
were
fed
therwith
and
wel
contented
.
The
noble
King
and
Councel
aduertised
of
this
distresse
:
did
at
length
after
.
xxxv
.
dayes
,
send
the
honorable
S.
Iohn
Russel
Knight
,
Lord
Russel
,
Lord
priuy
Seale
,
and
afterwards
Earle
of
Bedford
,
with
a
company
and
band
of
Souldiers
,
who
after
sundry
conflicts
had
with
the
enemyes
:
came
to
this
Cittie
the
vj.
of
August
,
reskewing
and
deliuering
the
same
from
the
enemye
,
and
set
them
at
libertie
.
For
the
which
as
God
was
moste
worthy
of
all
praise
and
glory
:
so
is
the
same
his
deliueraunce
at
this
present
had
in
perpetuall
memory
the
vj.
of
August
béeing
a
holy
day
in
the
remembraunce
therof
.
Thus
this
little
Cittie
which
in
antiquitie
is
not
inferiour
to
other
:
hath
from
time
to
time
felt
the
smartes
and
chaunges
of
all
times
,
and
indured
great
troubles
,
daungers
,
extremities
and
perilles
,
and
yet
God
regarding
their
faith
&
obedience
to
their
Prince
and
common
welth
before
all
other
sacrifices
:
hath
defended
and
preserued
them
alwaies
rewarding
them
with
immortall
Fame
,
for
which
his
great
benefits
,
his
name
be
praised
for
euer
and
euer
.
The
sundry
and
seuerall
names
of
the
Cittie
of
Excester
,
and
the
interpretation
of
the
same
.
COrinea
or
Corinia
,
is
the
first
and
eldest
name
of
this
Cittie
,
and
so
named
by
Corineus
who
ariuing
with
Brutus
into
this
land
,
and
seasing
or
taking
land
vpon
these
west
parteꝭ
:
was
(
by
Brutus
)
Lord
of
the
same
.
And
he
then
building
this
Cittie
(
as
is
thought
)
called
it
by
his
owne
name
Corinia
whiche
beeing
so
:
then
is
this
Cittie
one
of
the
first
Townes
or
Cittyes
buylded
by
the
Brittons
in
this
land
.
Cayrpenhuelgoite
,
is
compounded
of
foure
woords
.
Cayr
is
a
Fortresse
or
a
walled
Town
,
pen
is
a
hed
or
the
chéef
of
any
thing
,
howel
is
good
luck
,
prosperitie
or
knowledge
,
goyed
is
wood
,
a
forest
or
timber
woork
,
now
these
put
togither
after
the
English
phrase
:
is
the
prosperouse
chéef
Town
in
the
wood
.
Penhaltcayr
is
compounded
of
thrée
woords
,
Pen
is
the
hed
or
chéef
,
halt
is
high
,
a
top
of
a
hil
,
or
the
brim
or
edge
of
a
thing
.
cayr
is
a
Town
walled
or
a
Fortresse
,
these
put
togither
,
doo
signyfy
the
hed
Town
or
Cittie
vpon
the
Hil.
Pencayr
is
compounded
of
two
woords
,
of
Pen
and
Cayr
,
which
signify
the
chéef
Cittie
.
Cayrruthe
,
Cayrrith
,
is
compounded
of
Cair
and
Rith
,
Rith
is
tawnish
or
a
dark
red
,
and
so
it
signifyeth
the
red
town
,
Cittie
or
Fort.
Cayrriske
is
likewise
a
compound
of
two
woords
,
Iske
signifieth
afresh
water
,
also
a
quil
or
a
wing
,
but
in
this
place
:
it
is
the
name
of
the
Riuer
which
fléeteth
by
the
Cittie
,
and
so
it
signifieth
the
Cittie
of
Iske
.
Isca
was
also
the
name
of
the
Town
,
and
Isaca
the
name
of
the
Riuer
which
fleeteth
by
it
,
as
Ptolomeus
and
certain
latter
writers
folowing
him
:
doo
suppose
&
write
,
though
it
should
seeme
rather
the
Cittie
to
be
called
Isaca
and
the
Riuer
Isca
.
Muncketon
was
so
called
by
the
Saxons
,
but
vpon
what
reason
:
it
dooth
not
appéer
,
others
then
that
they
did
at
their
comming
chaunge
and
alter
the
names
of
all
or
moste
parte
of
places
in
this
land
,
giuing
new
names
either
of
Townes
or
places
of
the
Contrey
from
whence
they
came
,
or
of
their
owne
deuise
:
or
els
King
Etheldred
or
King
Edgar
when
they
had
builded
eche
of
them
a
Monastery
for
Muncks
:
did
giue
that
name
.
Exeter
was
the
name
which
King
Adelstane
gaue
vnto
it
when
he
soiourned
in
this
Town
calling
it
so
of
the
riuer
Exe
,
and
then
it
is
to
say
Exeterra
the
town
or
soyle
of
Exe
▪
Exancestre
is
thought
to
be
so
called
by
the
Saxons
,
who
commonly
and
for
the
moste
parte
named
such
Fortes
and
holdes
as
they
buylded
by
this
woord
Cestria
,
as
Cicestria
,
Dorcestria
.
Osestria
and
many
other
like
,
for
Cestir
in
the
Saxon
tung
is
a
Forte
,
a
Town
or
a
Cittie
.
Excestrum
or
Excestre
is
the
name
moste
now
in
use
,
and
so
●amed
(
as
some
write
)
of
the
Riuer
,
whiche
they
write
〈◊〉
named
Excestrum
.