HONI
SOIT
QVI
MAL
Y
PENSE
THE
MARINERS
MIRROVR
Wherin
may
playnly
be
seen
the
courses
,
heights
,
distances
,
depths
,
soundings
,
flouds
and
ebs
,
risings
of
lands
,
rocks
,
sands
and
shoalds
,
with
the
marks
for
th
entrings
of
the
Harbouroughs
,
Havens
and
Ports
of
the
greatest
part
of
Europe
:
their
seueral
traficks
and
commodities
:
Together
with
the
Rules
and
instruments
of
NAVIGATION
.
First
made
&
set
fourth
in
diuers
exact
Sea
Charts
,
by
that
famous
Nauigator
DVKE
WAGENAR
of
Enchuisen
And
now
fitted
with
necessarie
additions
for
the
use
of
Englishmen
by
ANTHONY
ASHLEY
.
Heerin
also
may
be
understood
the
exploits
lately
atchiued
by
the
right
Honorable
the
L.
ADMIRAL
of
Englis●
with
his
Ma.ties
Naui●●●●…
and
some
former
seruices
don
by
that
worthy
Knight
Sr.
FRA.
DRAKE
.
HONI
SOIT
QVI
MAL
Y
PENES
CASSIS
TVTISSIMA
VIRTVS
QVAE
NATVRA
POTEST
HATTONO
CONTVLIT
VNI
;
ET
FORT
VNA
DEDIT
,
QVAEDARE
,
CVNCTA
,
POTEST
;
CERTATIM
VIRTVS
CVMVLVM
SVPERADDIDIT
ISTIS
;
ANGLICA
DIVA
TAMEN
PLVS
TRIBVS
VNA
DEDIT
.
ECQVID
HABENT
TANTAM
SATVRNIA
SECVLA
DIVAM
?
ECQVID
HABENT
TALEM
TEMPORA
NOSTRA
VIRVM
?
TO
THE
RIGHT
HONORABLE
SIR
CHRISTOPHER
HATTON
KNIGHT
,
LORD
CHAVNCELOR
OF
ENGland
Knight
of
the
noble
order
of
the
Garter
,
and
most
worthy
Chaunceler
of
the
Vniuersitie
of
Oxford
:
my
singuler
good
Lord
.
RIGHT
Honorable
,
I
was
longe
in
a
strange
debate
with
my selfe
,
whether
it
were
best
for
me
to
write
some
thing
in
excuse
of
this
slacke
performance
of
my
promise
made
vnto
your
Lordship
now
more
then
a
yeare
past
,
for
the
speedie
translation
of
Wageners
two
bookes
of
Nauigation
;
or
simplie
to
present
it
vnto
your
L.
leauing
all
excuse
apart
,
as
that
negligent
seruant
of
Athens
,
in
Plutarch
,
who
in
a
cloudie
day
being
sent
home
in
hast
for
his
maisters
cloake
,
went
therwith
directly
to
Rome
,
from
whence
about
a
yeare
after
returning
and
watching
when
his
maister
was
abroad
in
a
great
shower
,
came
running
as
though
he
had
been
but
then
sent
,
&
cast
the
cloake
on
his
maisters
backe
,
saying
,
Sat
citò
si
satis
oportunè
.
Though
this
might
somwhat
fit
my
purpose
,
&
was
verie
well
taken
for
the
time
as
a
sufficient
satisfaction
for
the
offence
committed
:
yet
in
my
conceite
,
it
can
not
be
thought
but
a
very
vndutifull
and
reprouable
part
.
And
therefore
I
choose
rather
(
as
in
duetie
it
becometh
)
humblie
to
beseech
your
L.
pardon
,
then
to
borrow
any
shift
or
colour
to
shadow
my
default
:
with
assured
hope
(
notwithstanding
)
that
as
I
was
willyng
to
commit
the
errour
,
in
taking
vppon
me
a
matter
so
far
beyonde
my
reache
:
So
your
L.
wil
be
pleased
to
giue
eare
vnto
such
honest
reasons
as
may
make
way
for
mine
excuse
in
your
L.
graue
iudgement
.
I
must
then
plainly
and
simplie
confesse
that
I
no
sooner
vnder-took
this
woork
then
mistook
it
,
not
considering
what
perfect
knowledge
,
proper
termes
and
peculier
phrases
are
necessarilie
and
inseperablie
incident
to
the
true
interpretation
of
any
Mechanicall
science
,
much
more
to
this
notable
art
of
Hidrographie
or
Nauigation
:
the
want
whereof
did
driue
me
to
reade
many
bookes
,
and
to
confer
with
such
as
either
for
their
knowledge
or
experience
could
any
wayes
further
mine
intent
.
But
as
it
chaunceth
to
busie
Builders
desirous
to
excell
the
Modell
,
not
forecasting
such
accidents
as
might
interrupt
my
purpose
,
I
was
likewise
much
deceaued
euen
in
the
estimate
of
my
labour
,
time
,
and
charge
of
the
compassyng
of
my
dessein
:
For
by
reason
of
my
dayly
attendance
on
your
L.
and
the
rest
of
my
Lordes
of
her
Maiesties
most
Honorable
priuie
counsell
,
I
was
forced
to
take
such
time
for
this
worke
,
as
I
could
,
by
stealth
,
both
for
the
translation
it self
,
and
for
the
ouer-seeyng
of
the
negligent
grauers
:
besides
many
other
my
particuler
and
priuate
lets
.
Howbeit
I
may
assure
,
that
(
except
som
errours
in
the
printing
)
there
is
herein
performed
the
part
of
a
faithfull
interpretour
:
and
(
be
it
spoken
without
preiudice
to
the
Aucthour
)
by
the
aduise
of
the
best
experienced
,
haue
in
many
places
amended
and
bettered
him
:
Besides
the
fit
application
of
the
Tables
to
the
English
stile
and
Calculation
,
explaned
with
diuers
familier
examples
.
Moreouer
in
most
of
the
Plots
,
the
Sea
is
purposly
left
in
blanc
,
because
the
Traueiler
,
finding
perchance
some
poynt
of
the
Compasse
,
risings
of
Lands
,
Depths
,
Soundings
,
or
ought
els
mistaken
;
or
some
Rock
,
Sand
,
or
other
danger
left
out
,
or
not
rightly
expressed
(
for
nothing
so
perfect
but
hath
his
fault
)
may
as
he
traueileth
set
downe
and
correct
the
same
with
his
owne
hand
,
as
it
shall
best
like
himselfe
:
which
doubtles
wil
be
no
smale
furtherance
and
contentment
euen
to
the
best
Docters
in
this
science
.
In
this
translation
I
haue
indeuored
by
all
meanes
(
which
in
this
and
all
other
arts
ought
to
be
vsed
)
to
imitate
the
plainest
stile
and
common
manner
of
speeche
,
as
easiest
to
be
vnderstood
of
all
sorts
of
men
.
But
concerning
the
goodly
science
of
Hidrographie
how
worthie
of
all
praise
it
is
,
both
in
it self
and
in
respect
of
the
fruits
thereof
,
as
it
hath
heretofore
appeared
by
Histories
of
time
and
testimonies
of
men
:
so
of
late
hath
it
shined
most
brightlie
since
our
most
famous
traueilours
(
to
their
endlesse
renowne
and
honour
of
their
countrie
)
haue
aduentured
the
discouerie
of
diuers
vnknown
coasts
:
and
by
the
singuler
assistance
of
the
Almightie
God
,
haue
compassed
the
Globe
of
the
whole
earth
:
wherby
(
no
doubt
)
many
excellent
wits
haue
by
their
manifold
experiences
&
obseruations
contriued
one
perfect
art
:
in
so
much
as
,
me
thincketh
,
there
is
ministred
very
great
reason
to
prefer
it
before
all
other
arts
or
sciences
whatsoeuer
.
For
to
omit
those
commen
commendations
wherewith
Gorgias
and
Protagoras
weare
wont
to
garnish
all
artes
,
pleasant
for
knowledge
,
profitable
for
practise
,
necessarie
for
life
:
this
hauing
an
excellent
aboundance
of
all
these
,
with
many
other
rare
and
peculier
vertues
all
redounding
by
the
vse
and
practise
thereof
,
to
the
publick
benefit
of
the
whole
body
of
the
common
wealth
,
and
eache
particuler
member
in
the
same
,
hath
been
not
only
,
as
an
Eliphant
,
ten
yeres
in
breeding
,
but
euen
as
much
time
as
the
world
hath
yet
stood
to
come
to
perfection
.
The
first
inuention
wherof
,
furthered
with
the
artificial
aid
of
many
a
hidden
,
strange
and
almost
supernatural
deuise
,
since
added
to
the
same
by
the
most
studious
trauillour
and
industrious
Mathematician
,
He
that
would
throughly
consider
,
should
find
matter
rather
myraculous
to
wonder
at
,
then
to
be
thought
compassable
within
the
reach
of
mans
Capacitie
:
yea
he
may
in
this
as
in
a
mirrour
,
behold
the
inestimable
bountie
and
infinite
goodnesse
of
God
,
who
,
of
his
vnspeakable
loue
towards
man
kinde
,
which
in
his
secreat
wisedome
he
had
determined
for
the
maintenance
and
releef
of
humane
societie
,
hath
from
aboue
powred
this
excellent
skill
and
knowledge
into
the
mindes
of
men
,
onelie
thereby
to
haue
his
wonderfull
workes
knowne
,
his
praises
published
,
and
his
holie
name
from
one
nation
to
another
glorified
.
But
what
do
I
seeme
to
enter
into
the
perticuler
praise
of
this
art
,
seing
things
of
greatest
profit
are
set
forth
with
least
price
:
where
the
matter
it self
carieth
credit
,
the
man
with
his
comment
gaineth
smale
commendation
.
It
should
be
therfore
,
me
thinketh
,
a
greater
shew
of
a
pregnant
wit
then
perfect
iudgement
,
with
affected
eloquence
to
commend
this
art
,
or
to
expresse
how
necessarie
the
perfect
knowledge
therof
were
for
all
nations
.
Yet
if
this
peereles
misterie
be
of
such
excellent
desert
,
and
high
accompt
to
al
the
rest
of
the
world
,
it
must
needs
be
most
beneficiall
and
acceptable
vnto
this
our
natiue
countrie
,
not
only
for
that
it
is
an
Island
,
and
that
,
one
of
the
most
famous
in
all
the
world
,
liyng
,
as
it
weare
a
Triangle
,
in
the
great
Ocean
,
enuironed
with
most
dangerous
waues
,
Races
,
Sands
,
Rocks
and
Shoalds
;
and
hauing
a
people
naturally
apt
and
geuen
to
Seafaring
:
Besides
many
other
necessarie
and
politicall
reasons
:
But
for
that
it
is
the
holy
Sanctuarie
,
and
(
almost
)
only
refuge
for
the
afflicted
:
&
the
blessed
seat
of
her
Sacred
Maiestie
:
whose
incomparable
and
diuine
vertue
,
the
enemies
of
God
and
man
do
most
maliciously
enuie
:
and
incessantly
seek
by
all
diuelish
deuises
&
practises
whatsoeuer
to
bereaue
vs
of
,
as
of
a
most
precious
Iuell
;
which
all
true
Christians
esteeme
of
far
greater
worth
and
valew
,
then
all
the
Indian
riches
.
Wherefore
I
cannot
but
perswade
my self
,
but
as
their
raging
mallice
doth
daylie
increase
and
come
to
height
,
so
the
means
of
our
defence
in
this
skill
shall
still
be
multiplied
.
And
albeit
your
L.
commandment
and
charge
geuen
me
to
translate
these
books
,
hath
manifested
your
zeale
and
affection
for
this
common
good
:
yet
in
mine
opinion
it
hath
more
highly
commended
and
aduaunced
the
work
it self
,
in
that
your
Honorable
approbation
hath
credited
and
auctorized
it
.
For
if
the
Geometritians
triumph
,
of
that
Oracle
which
Appollo
gaue
to
the
inhabitants
of
Delos
,
asking
counsell
at
his
mouth
for
remedie
of
their
plague
:
that
they
should
double
his
cubick
Altar
:
which
Plato
construed
,
that
they
must
studie
Geometrie
:
How
much
more
ought
all
such
as
trauaill
by
Sea
,
and
especially
our
English
Mariners
,
reioyce
and
resolue
them-selues
of
the
worthinesse
of
this
woork
:
and
hereby
(
no
doubt
)
haue
no
lesse
cause
dulie
and
daylie
to
pray
for
you
by
sea
,
then
an
infinit
number
of
others
her
Maiesties
good
subiects
,
for
your
bountie
,
pietie
,
and
Iustice
vprightly
ministred
do
zealously
by
lande
.
As
for
the
vnskilfulnesse
in
handling
hereof
,
I
haue
no
other
meanes
to
couer
it
,
but
as
the
Poet
Accius
did
his
shortnes
,
who
being
a
person
of
a
verie
lowe
stature
,
pourtraied
for
himself
a
verie
tall
picture
:
so
I
,
being
but
of
smale
desert
,
haue
gotten
me
a
most
honorable
&
worthy
patron
.
Following
herein
Teucer
,
who
thought
himself
salf
vnder
the
shield
of
Aiax
:
protesting
,
that
,
as
by
the
daily
most
comfortable
testimonies
of
your
especiall
fauour
and
goodnes
towards
mee
,
I
am
aboue
all
men
liuing
most
bounden
to
you
.
So
do
I
acknowledge
mee
your
onlie
owne
,
and
do
vtterly
disclayme
of
any
maner
interest
in
my self
:
which
,
with
this
;
and
ought
els
within
the
compasse
of
my
litle
power
whatsoeuer
;
I
humblie
offer
vp
vnto
your
L.
as
a
pledge
of
my
most
dewtifull
and
faithful
affection
to
you
&
yours
.
And
thus
all
together
vnable
to
satisfie
my self
in
sufficiently
expressing
my
thankfull
minde
and
loyall
hart
,
with
my
feruent
prayer
I
commit
the
rest
to
be
supplied
by
the
giuer
of
all
goodnesse
,
whom
I
most
humbly
beseeche
bountifully
to
reward
your
L.
with
increase
of
Honour
and
all
happines
,
in
this
world
,
and
after
a
longe
race
heroically
run
,
a
crowne
of
euerlasting
honour
.
From
the
Court
at
S.
Iames
.
20.
Octob
:
1588.
Your
L.
most
Bounden
and
Deuoted
.
A
:
Ashley
.
THE
AVTHORS
ADMONITION
TO
THE
READER
.
FReendly
Reader
,
forasmuch
as
all
skilfull
and
experienced
in
the
art
of
Nauigation
,
do
well
know
,
that
certein
of
the
sandy
coastes
and
shoares
,
as
also
diuerse
mouthes
&
entries
of
riuers
,
aswell
of
Holland
and
Frizeland
,
as
of
Yutland
(
which
in
old
time
was
called
Cimbrica
Chersonesus
)
and
of
other
countries
,
are
moueable
,
&
haue
not
alwaies
their
being
in
one self
place
,
as
in
these
Tables
or
Chartes
,
rightly
,
fitly
&
faithfully
they
are
set
down
:
I
could
do
no
lesse
then
admonish
the
thereof
,
that
thou
mightest
diligently
obserue
and
marke
them
by
these
Mappes
,
as
thinges
most
necessarie
to
be
regarded
.
For
it
is
perfectly
knowen
to
all
Pilots
and
Masters
,
that
,
by
force
of
tempests
and
violence
of
boisterous
windes
,
huge
heaps
of
sand
are
so
dispersed
,
that
at
length
they
are
made
euen
with
the
plaine
Sea-shore
.
Which
Keteldune
of
North
Holland
,
the
yle
Busk
or
Corensand
,
lying
betwixt
Lawers
and
Scilla
,
neere
the
shore
of
East
Frizland
,
and
the
better
part
of
Ameland
in
this
our
age
,
do
most
euidently
&
certeinly
bewray
.
For
these
Sand-hils
are
in
such
sort
blowen
abroad
and
scattered
,
that
at
this
day
they
can
scarcely
be
perceaued
,
nay
they
do
scant
differ
in
shew
from
the
plaine
low
shore
:
especially
Buske
or
the
Isle
of
Corensand
,
which
hath
been
so
notably
metamorphosed
,
that
in
a
raging
and
wrought
sea
it
is
quite
ouerflowen
at
an
high
water
.
In
like
maner
all
Masters
and
Pilots
do
vnderstand
,
that
,
by
force
and
violence
of
outragious
stormes
(
which
cause
most
mighty
and
ouerthwart
billowes
)
diuerse
sandy
entraunces
and
Chanels
of
the
Sea
alongst
the
foresayd
coastes
,
are
sometimes
choaked
with
sandes
,
and
sometimes
do
shift
their
seate
.
Wherfore
by
the
lawe
of
the
Sea
,
such
places
are
expresly
forbidden
to
bee
entered
without
sounding
:
and
therefore
they
are
called
Waters
of
Pilotage
.
I
haue
obserued
and
marked
these
strange
chaunges
of
late
yeres
,
both
in
the
Maze
and
elswhere
:
and
therfore
do
find
this
most
true
,
that
for
the
former
causes
,
many
hauens
are
decayed
,
and
many
are
altered
,
as
the
olde
Ripe-deep
in
Yutland
doth
sufficiently
manifest
the
same
:
which
hauing
had
his
chanell
heretofore
betweene
Rim
and
Manu
,
hath
it
now
welneere
two
leagues
more
Northward
betweene
Manu
&
Fanu
.
But
these
onely
may
suffice
for
examples
sake
.
And
although
all
these
and
such
like
alterations
,
which
haue
hitherto
beene
found
,
are
with
great
care
faithfully
corrected
and
reformed
by
me
in
the
pourtraicts
and
descriptions
of
these
Sea-Cardes
:
yet
could
I
not
omit
this
my
well
meaning
and
sincere
admonition
for
two
causes
:
First
,
that
by
these
examples
thou
mightest
vnderstand
,
that
vpon
the
like
causes
,
the
like
chaunges
may
happen
:
next
that
the
vnskilfull
and
especially
the
enuious
backbiter
and
carper
,
may
haue
no
matter
to
cauill
,
nor
occasion
to
carp
:
seeing
that
things
to
come
,
and
vncerteine
,
can
by
no
meanes
possible
,
bee
perfectly
described
.
And
for
that
it
is
but
too
apparant
,
how
much
euell
speach
,
hatred
and
enuy
preuayle
in
this
our
wretched
age
.
I
haue
thought
good
to
rehearse
briefly
in
this
place
the
beginning
and
progresse
of
this
my
labour
.
First
I
endeuoured
by
all
my
studie
,
paines
,
diligence
and
care
to
draw
the
generall
Sea-Cardes
,
and
the
other
particuler
plots
,
exactly
and
faithfully
,
(
as
became
mee
)
and
in
the
most
faultlesse
forme
that
I
could
:
because
on
them
both
the
liues
and
goods
of
such
as
traficke
and
trauill
by
Sea
do
depend
.
Whereby
it
came
to
passe
,
that
many
yeres
since
(
be
it
spoken
without
enuie
)
they
haue
been
so
highly
accoumpted
of
:
that
I
was
earnestly
required
and
oftentimes
importuned
,
of
diuerse
skilfull
Pilots
and
Masters
in
these
countries
,
besides
many
principall
and
rich
Marchants
,
and
owners
of
ships
,
to
print
and
publish
the
same
,
for
the
furderance
of
salfer
sea-faring
,
&
the
behoofe
and
benefit
of
the
inhabitants
of
Holland
,
Zealand
and
Frizland
,
which
most
of
all
vse
traffique
by
Sea
.
At
that
time
for
many
causes
,
I
yeelded
not
to
their
requests
:
specially
for
that
my
meane
abilitie
was
not
sufficient
to
defray
so
great
expense
.
But
at
length
,
ouercome
by
the
importunat
suite
of
Mariners
,
Masters
,
and
Marchants
:
but
chiefly
by
reason
of
my
sincere
loue
and
affection
towards
the
commonweal
,
and
posteritie
:
with
the
continuall
instance
and
exhortation
of
many
persons
,
of
qualitie
&
iudgement
which
egged
me
on
,
and
,
both
with
promises
and
performance
,
holpe
&
furthered
the
worke
:
I
set
vpon
it
with
a
cheerefull
minde
,
and
incessant
labour
:
And
printed
the
first
part
of
this
Mariners
Mirrour
,
which
conteineth
the
whole
western
Nauigation
,
to
wit
,
of
the
coastes
of
Fraunce
,
England
,
Ireland
,
Scotland
,
Spaine
,
Portugall
&c.
&
published
it
in
the
yere
of
our
Lord
.
1583.
being
dedicated
to
the
most
famous
Prince
of
Orenge
of
happy
Memorie
,
who
tooke
no
small
delight
therin
:
and
of
his
great
bountie
bestowed
large
allowance
towards
the
finishing
of
the
worke
begun
.
Wherefore
presently
I
betooke
my selfe
to
the
second
part
:
beyng
aduertised
in
the
meane
time
,
by
the
skilfullest
Pilotes
,
Masters
,
and
Mariners
,
with
how
great
commendation
the
first
part
was
receiued
,
and
how
profitable
it
was
found
,
for
all
such
as
trauayle
by
Sea
:
which
I
leaue
to
bee
remembred
of
others
.
Moreouer
I
was
enformed
by
many
Pilots
of
good
credit
,
with
how
great
good-liking
these
Sea-Cardes
were
receaued
in
many
other
countries
&
kingdoms
:
namely
by
these
most
famous
and
learned
men
Io.
Dowza
Baron
of
Nortwick
,
and
M.
Doctor
Maelson
who
this
last
yeare
were
Embassadours
for
the
States
of
the
vnited
Prouinces
of
the
low
countries
,
vnto
the
most
renowmed
Queene
of
England
:
where
a
booke
of
these
Sea-cardes
was
presented
at
the
Counsell
table
,
by
the
moste
Noble
Lorde
,
My
Lorde
Charles
Howard
,
Baron
of
Effingham
,
Lorde
Admirall
of
England
,
and
was
esteemed
by
the
chief
personages
of
that
graue
Counsell
,
worthy
to
be
translated
and
Printed
into
a
language
familiar
to
all
Nations
,
that
it
might
bee
both
read
and
vnderstood
of
all
.
Wherefore
from
that
time
,
I
purposed
with
my selfe
,
to
performe
the
same
,
assoone
as
I
might
.
Shortly
after
I
printed
and
published
th'
other
part
of
this
MIRROVR
,
which
comprehendeth
the
whole
Nauigation
of
the
German
,
Scottish
and
North
Ocean
,
as
also
of
the
Northeast
and
Baltik
Sea
.
This
I
dedicated
to
the
States
of
Holland
and
Westfrizland
,
who
gratiously
and
thankefully
receauing
it
,
rewarded
mee
with
such
recompence
as
whilest
I
liue
I
shall
neuer
be
able
to
deserue
.
This
encouraged
mee
,
vpon
the
former
reasons
,
to
procure
,
that
the
descriptions
of
these
Cardes
might
be
translated
into
Latine
:
to
th'
end
,
that
,
al
nations
,
which
vnderstand
that
language
,
might
reape
both
profit
and
pleasure
out
of
the
same
:
hoping
that
it
will
be
very
profitable
vnto
all
those
which
are
studious
in
the
knowledge
of
Nauigation
,
and
no
lesse
acceptable
to
al
courteous
readers
,
who
may
take
likyng
therof
&
accept
of
this
my
labour
in
thankefull
manner
.
Farewell
,
From
Einchusen
.
1586.
OPERIS
COMMENDATIO
.
PRIMVS
inexpertis
nauim
qui
credidit
Austris
Tiphys
,
&
ignotis
remos
lentauit
in
vndis
,
Saepe
vado
illisam
confregit
in
aequore
puppim
;
Saepe
errore
viae
,
vel
tempestatibus
actus
Praecipiti
prensas
amisit
turbine
naues
.
Permare
securi
vitam
nunc
quaerite
Nautae
.
Tutum
iter
,
ac
placidos
vobis
dant
aequora
cursus
,
Auspicio
liquido
:
notis
iam
vela
licebit
Portubus
insinuare
:
imi
iam
forma
profundi
,
Et
vada
se
tangi
patiuntur
lumine
claro
:
Ingenio
tota
ista
tuo
laus
debita
&
arti
,
Gnaue
AVRIGARI
,
qui
tam
bene
direxisti
Per
freta
morigero
volitantem
flamine
currum
,
Quàm
si
vsurpatum
manibusque
&
poplite
vtroque
Oceani
fundum
ac
breuia
omnia
perreptasses
.
Quinetiam
,
ne
quid
pelagi
scrutator
Eoi
,
Aut
Aquilonaris
desideret
;
è
mare
sese
Vt
quaeque
ostendat
regio
procul
,
ostendisti
.
Clarius
in
SPECVLO
nec
se
Venus
ipsa
tuetur
,
Tota
in
charteolo
quàm
sese
hîc
aequore
Tethys
.
Macte
,
ô
,
Nereïdum
thalamos
qui
intrare
repostos
,
Ausus
,
&
attonitas
trahere
ad
spectacula
phocas
,
Delphinumque
subire
domos
.
tibi
caerula
Prothêi
Alludunt
armenta
;
tuis
Matuta
gubernis
Summittit
fasces
;
te
prono
gurgite
Doris
Et
mulcet
rauco
Tritonia
buccina
cantu
;
*
Squammigenis
vix
nota
Tesce
Colao
.
COL
â
dum
certius
ipso
Exploras
adyta
,
ac
Tethydis
secreta
recludis
.
Quò
mihi
Cymmerios
,
&
subterranea
Regna
Damnatosque
geli
scopulos
,
duce
MAGELLANO
,
Visere
,
&
intactos
Austri
penetrare
recessus
?
Quò
Stygios
tentare
Lacus
?
Apage
Argonautas
Hesperios
:
satis
,
extremâ
,
mî
,
haerere
Celocis
Parte
tuae
;
satis
est
,
Tabulas
ex
ordine
pictas
Spectantem
,
Arctoi
posituram
discere
Nereî
,
Et
nosti
conuexa
Poli.
Quis
nouit
?
an
olim
RIPHAEI
hinc
quoque
se
retegant
,
LVCA
indice
,
MONTES
Pacatos
vbi
HYPERBOREOS
videamus
,
Iberas
Quò
necdum
vlla
rates
Cynosura
aut
Linea
duxit
.
THE
SAME
ENGLISHED
IN
PRAYSE
OF
THE
WOORK
.
TIphis
,
who
first
set
sayle
to
the
windes
which
blasted
yet
vntried
,
And
first
bended
his
oares
,
in
streams
which
waued
yet
vnknown
▪
Oft
did
he
bruze
his
keele
,
on
shoalds
,
and
oft
vpon
hard
rockes
,
Oft
by
the
course
not
kept
,
or
mayn-storme
mightily
driuing
,
With
furious
whirlewinds
,
his
ships
made
wrack
in
a
tempest
.
Now
Mariners
henceforth
at
Sea
may
ye
liue
very
carelesse
,
For
that
a
saulfe
iourney
cleered
from
daungerous
extreames
,
Is
for
ye
prepared
.
For
now
may
ye
into
good
harbour
Hale
euen
at
pleasure
now
doth
lo
the
forme
o
the
mayn-deepe
,
And
all
shoalds
proffer
themselues
to
be
cleerly
beholden
.
All
this
prayse
is
dew
to
thy
witt
,
to
thy
paines
,
to
thy
charges
,
Ingenious
Wagener
,
which
hast
so
worthily
guyded
,
That
Wagon
on
Mayn-sea
which
winds
cause
flie
to
the
compasse
:
As
if
vpon
thy
both
hands
and
knees
with
curious
insight
Strongly
thy selfe
hadst
crept
,
and
searcht
out
th'
Ocean
althrough
.
Moreouer
vnlesse
that
perauenture
a
Searcher
of
East-seas
,
Or
Northren
passage
,
should
want
any
thing
that
he
searcheth
:
Thou
shewst
each
Region
farr
of
,
what
sort
it
ariseth
.
Nor
Venus
in
Mirrour
could
view
her selfe
any
cleerer
,
Then
Tethys
in
this
Glasse
may
well
discerne
her
apeeraunce
:
Hold
on
amayn
valiant
courage
with
vertue
auanced
,
Thou
that
durst
the
secreat
closet
of
Seagoddeses
enter
,
And
draw
th'
astonished
Sea-calues
to
the
gaze
to
behold
thee
.
And
lodge
with
Dolphins
in
the
deep
:
thee
th'
azured
whole
skulls
Of
Proteus
pasture
reuerence
:
Matuta
the
Sea-queene
,
Yeelds
thee
vp
her
Regiment
:
Lady
Doris
stoopes
lo
thy
handmayd
,
Neptunes
Musicien
studieth
with
his
horne
to
delight
thee
:
Whiles
thou
a
more
certein
searcher
then
Cola
the
straunge-fish
Searchest
out
th'
entries
scant
known
to
the
Meyny
o
fishes
,
And
openest
th'
hidden
secreats
of
th'
old
Lady
Tethys
.
What
profit
in
searching
darke
realms
,
sited
vnder
horizon
:
And
Rocks
condemned
to
be
pincht
with
a
frost
neuer
ending
:
Or
to
go
with
Magelan
to
the
South
sea
passages
vtmost
.
What
profit
in
Styx
lake
?
I
le
none
of
your
Argos
auenturs
Western
discouerers
:
t
is
enough
for
mee
t'
haue
a
corner
In
this
swift
carauell
to
behold
these
Tables
in
order
:
And
learne
how
Northern
Nereus
hath
spred
many
braunches
.
And
what
in
our
regions
th'
heights
are
:
who
knows
whither
oneday
This
Lukes
discouerie
shall
rayze
those
Riphean
hil-topps
Where
the
Hyperborean
long-liud
people
are
to
be
found
out
:
Though
thither
yet
no
star
,
nor
lead
,
hath
led
any
Spaignard
.
A
NOTE
OF
CERTEIN
WONDERFVL
and
most
dangerous
places
in
the
Sea
,
which
Wagenar
hath
set
downe
in
his
Epistle
to
the
Prince
of
Orenge
.
AMonge
the
merueilous
workes
,
that
the
Almighty
God
hath
created
both
vppon
and
in
the
Sea
,
by
,
and
alongst
all
coastes
:
besides
all
other
dangers
whervnto
the
sea-faryng
men
are
subiect
,
as
tempests
,
stormes
,
windes
,
sandes
,
rockes
,
&c
:
there
are
certeine
places
,
where
the
waues
and
flouds
,
do
so
encounter
each
other
,
and
engoulph
them-selues
with
such
violence
and
swiftnesse
,
that
many
shippes
,
men
and
goods
haue
been
cast
away
er
they
were
ware
of
them
.
The
principall
&
most
perillous
of
all
,
is
the
Maelstreame
,
well
or
Slorp
,
called
the
Mouskstream
,
which
lieth
on
the
back
side
of
Norway
,
in
68.
degrees
on
the
North-side
of
an
Island
or
Rock
called
Weeray
.
This
well
draweth
the
water
vnto
it selfe
duryng
the
whole
floud
(
which
is
the
space
of
sixe
howers
and
.xij.
minuts
)
with
such
an
indraught
and
force
,
and
with
such
a
noyse
,
thorow
the
tombling
&
falling
of
the
waues
and
streames
the
one
vppon
the
other
that
it
is
rather
to
wonder
at
then
to
write
of
.
So
that
during
that
time
,
with
in
the
space
of
more
then
two
leagues
rounde
about
that
Rock
of
Mousk
(
vnder
which
that
water
floweth
)
no
ship
or
other
vessell
may
come
neare
,
for
they
should
to
their
vtter
destruction
be
drawen
into
it
&
swallowed
vp
.
But
all
the
time
of
the
Ebbe
,
the
water
is
so
strongly
cast
vp
agayne
,
that
no
kinde
of
substance
or
mettell
,
how
heauy
so
euer
it
bee
,
can
there
sincke
.
So
that
the
Northren
Fishers
at
that
time
do
with
their
Iollen
or
fishing
boates
,
take
many
and
strange
formed
fishes
,
which
they
draw
vnto
their
boates
with
hookes
&
lines
,
which
they
haue
ready
layde
for
that
purpose
:
for
that
,
during
the
ebbe
,
they
cannot
returne
into
the
goulphe
,
nor
get
vnder
the
water
by
any
meanes
.
The
Northren
people
that
inhabite
about
those
Rockes
,
do
thinke
,
that
that
streame
passeth
away
vnderneath
a
parte
of
Norway
vnto
the
North
bottom
in
East
Finland
:
because
in
that
place
there
is
likewise
such
a
Maelstream
,
though
not
algether
so
strong
nor
daungerous
:
where
the
like
fishes
are
taken
and
the
water
is
in
like
sorte
troublesom
,
as
it
is
vnderneath
and
aboute
the
Rock
of
Mousk
.
Wheruppon
many
experimented
Pilots
,
do
call
the
sayd
Slorp
the
Nauell
of
the
sea
:
which
causeth
the
course
of
the
Ebbes
and
Flouds
about
al
the
lands
that
are
on
this
Northside
of
the
Equinoctiall
,
as
the
most
conuement
place
for
that
purpose
to
spreade
the
waters
South
,
North
,
East
and
west
,
that
is
to
say
,
Northerly
towardes
the
Pole
Artick
:
South
easterly
on
the
backside
of
Russia
and
Tartarie
,
towardes
the
streict
of
the
great
South-sea
called
Mar
del
Sur
:
wherin
the
Spicerie
Islands
called
the
Moluccas
,
neare
the
Equinoctiall
are
liyng
:
Southwards
,
towards
the
North-sea
of
these
Lowe
countries
:
as
also
on
the
backside
of
Scotland
,
and
Ireland
,
towards
the
Spanish
and
Atlantick
seas
:
And
towards
the
Northwest
beyonde
Izland
towardes
Furbushers
streicts
,
where
it
is
thought
the
way
vnto
Catay
may
be
found
.
There
are
more
ouer
to
be
feared
vpon
the
western
seas
very
dangerous
streames
and
goulphs
,
as
is
the
Ras
of
Portland
,
where
oft
times
happeneth
such
a
turnyng
and
tombling
of
waues
and
streames
,
that
the
Ships
which
passe
that
way
are
many
times
in
great
perill
.
Moreouer
the
Ras
of
Blancquert
between
Normandie
and
the
Isle
of
Alderney
,
roreth
and
rageth
so
dangerously
,
that
many
ships
fal
therin
hedlong
so
deep
,
that
soddenly
they
are
swalowed
vp
and
sunck
vnto
the
very
bottom
.
The
Ras
of
Founteney
is
more
daungerous
then
all
these
,
wherin
many
smale
vessels
&
barks
of
Britteny
&
of
other
countries
are
suddenly
deuoured
and
cast
away
.
And
the
entrance
of
the
Garronne
,
called
the
Riuer
of
Bourdeaux
,
between
the
to
w
rs
of
Cordam
and
the
Southern
&
Northern
Asses
,
is
likewise
very
perilous
and
many
ships
do
often
perish
there
,
if
the
Pilots
be
not
skilfull
&
well
acqueinted
with
the
place
.
And
these
be
the
most
daungerous
goulphs
and
streames
in
the
northern
and
western
seas
,
wherof
it
behoueth
the
seafaryng
man
to
take
speciall
heede
.
❧
A
TABLE
OF
THE
SEVERAL
CHAPTERS
,
DESCRIPTIONS
AND
CHARTS
OF
THE
FIRST
parte
of
this
Mariners
Mirrour
.
-
OF
the
vse
and
practise
of
these
bookes
.
Page
.
1
-
Of
the
speciall
propertie
of
the
sea
.
Page
.
2
-
An
exhortation
to
the
apprentizes
of
the
art
of
Nauigation
.
Page
.
3
-
A
table
of
the
golden
number
and
of
the
Epacts
.
Page
.
4
-
How
to
finde
the
Epact
without
an
Almenack
.
Page
.
4
-
How
to
finde
the
new
Moone
from
1588.
to
1600
Page
.
4
-
A
table
for
the
new
Moones
for
the
Meridian
of
London
.
Page
.
5
-
A
way
to
finde
out
the
new
Moone
without
either
Callender
or
Ephemerides
.
Page
.
6
-
Of
the
declination
of
the
Sunne
&
the
vse
therof
Page
.
6
-
Of
the
vse
of
the
Table
for
the
Sunnes
declina
:
Page
.
7
-
The
4.
tables
for
the
Sunnes
declination
.
Page
.
8
-
To
finde
out
the
new
Moone
and
the
age
of
the
Moone
at
all
times
,
accordyng
to
the
auncient
computation
,
without
either
Kalender
or
Ephemerides
.
Page
.
9
-
Of
the
fixed
Starres
and
their
vse
.
Page
.
11
-
A
Catalogue
of
the
chief
fixed
starres
.
Page
.
12
-
A
table
of
the
right
assentions
of
the
Sunne
,
to
finde
out
the
howers
of
the
night
by
the
moone
.
Page
.
14
-
Certein
fixed
starres
that
best
fit
the
Crosse
staff
.
Page
.
14
-
A
way
to
finde
out
the
height
of
the
Pole
,
by
the
starres
which
are
within
the
Tropicks
declining
from
the
Aequinoctiall
.
Page
.
15
-
A
declaration
of
the
instrument
folowyng
.
Page
.
16
-
Of
the
makyng
of
al
manner
of
sea
crosse
staues
.
Page
.
18
-
The
makyng
of
a
Crosse-staff
for
sundry
South
Starres
.
Page
.
18
-
How
to
make
and
vse
a
true
and
perfect
Sea-Charte
.
Page
.
20
-
THE
courses
and
distances
of
all
the
Sea
coasts
of
Holand
,
Zeland
,
Fraunce
and
Spayne
.
Page
.
22
-
The
courses
of
England
,
Ireland
and
Scotland
.
Page
.
22
-
Diuers
and
sundry
courses
ouer
the
Western
seas
Page
.
23
-
The
courses
of
Norway
,
Swedland
,
and
East
Finland
.
Page
.
23
-
Diuers
courses
ouer
the
Baltick
or
Eastern
sea
.
Page
.
23
-
The
courses
of
Frizeland
,
Yutland
,
Pomerland
,
Curland
,
and
Lyfland
.
Page
.
24
-
The
courses
on
the
backside
of
Moscouie
and
generally
of
all
our
traficks
.
Page
.
24
-
A
table
of
the
Altitudes
,
or
Latitudes
of
the
Pole
of
the
most
famous
places
,
points
,
and
capes
.
Page
.
25
-
An
explication
of
the
common
table
of
the
tides
.
Page
.
26
-
What
Moone
maketh
full
Sea
vpon
the
coastes
of
Yutland
,
Frizeland
,
Holland
,
and
Zealand
.
Page
.
26
-
Full
sea
vpon
the
coasts
of
Flaunders
,
Normandie
,
Britain
,
Gascoyn
,
Biscay
,
Gallicia
,
Portugall
,
and
Spayne
.
Page
.
26
-
Full
sea
vpon
all
the
coasts
of
England
,
Scotland
,
and
Ireland
.
Page
.
26
-
An
instruction
to
know
how
many
leagues
you
sayle
vpon
euery
point
of
the
compas
for
a
degree
.
Page
.
27
-
A
declaration
of
the
table
followyng
.
Page
.
27
-
The
compas
and
table
of
the
ebbyng
and
flowing
of
the
Sea
.
Page
.
27
-
A
compas
,
and
table
to
finde
out
the
Tides
of
all
coastes
.
Page
.
27
-
A
declaration
of
the
table
which
conteineth
all
the
full
seas
&
fallyng
waters
vpon
the
same
poynt
of
the
Compas
.
Page
.
29
-
The
perfect
table
or
tide
Chart.
Page
.
30
-
The
ebbs
and
fallyng
waters
a-longst
the
coasts
of
Frizeland
,
Holland
,
Zeland
,
and
Flaunders
.
Page
.
32
-
Falling
water
a-longst
the
North
coasts
of
Scotland
,
and
England
.
Page
.
32
-
Falling
water
between
Brittain
and
Fraunce
.
Page
.
32
-
Falling
water
a-longst
the
west
coasts
of
England
and
Ireland
.
Page
.
32
-
A
perfect
description
of
the
depths
and
soundings
nere
to
diuers
prouinces
of
our
Nauigation
.
Page
.
33
-
A
discription
of
the
soundings
and
grounds
,
between
Ireland
,
England
,
and
Normandy
.
Page
.
34
-
A
discription
of
the
depths
of
the
North
Seas
from
the
North
Foreland
.
Page
.
35
-
The
depth
of
the
North
Ocean
neare
Yutland
and
Ameland
.
Page
.
35
-
The
soundyngs
and
grounds
of
Yutland
,
neare
the
Schagen
or
Scaw
.
Page
.
36
-
The
depths
and
grounds
of
the
Baltic
or
Eastern
sea
.
Page
.
36
The
Plots
or
Sea
Charts
.
-
A
Discription
and
generall
sea
Chart
of
all
the
coasts
of
the
greatest
part
of
Europe
.
Page
.
1
-
Of
the
forme
and
fashion
of
Buys
,
Beakons
,
and
other
markes
.
Page
.
1
-
Of
the
Vlie
and
the
Maersdeepe
.
Page
.
2
-
Of
the
Maze
,
the
Goere
,
and
the
Vere
.
Page
.
3
-
Of
the
sea
coasts
of
Flaunders
.
Page
.
4
-
Of
the
Isles
of
Alderney
,
Garnzey
and
Iersey
,
and
the
Quasquets
&c.
Page
.
5
-
Of
the
sea
coasts
between
S.
Mallos
,
and
beyond
the
port
of
Roscou
.
Page
.
6
-
Of
Conquet
,
Brest
and
Fontenay
.
Page
.
7
-
The
wonderfull
coasts
of
Britayn
.
-
Of
the
South
coasts
of
Britayn
,
between
Blauet
and
Picquelier
,
with
Bellisle
and
Groy
.
Page
.
8
-
Of
the
sea
coasts
of
Picquelier
,
Rochel
,
Brouage
as
far
as
the
Riuer
of
Bourdeaux
.
Page
.
9
-
Of
the
sea
coasts
of
Acason
,
Bayon
,
and
the
Eastern
part
of
Biscay
vnto
Castro
.
Page
.
10
-
Of
the
sea
costs
between
Laredo
and
Sentilliana
.
Page
.
11
-
Of
the
sea
coasts
between
Rio
de
Sella
,
and
Auiles
.
Page
.
12
-
Of
the
sea
coasts
of
Ribadeos
,
Biuiero
and
Luarca
.
Page
.
13
-
Of
Corunna
called
the
Groyn
,
Ferolis
and
Monsy
,
the
cheifest
Ports
of
Gallicia
.
Page
.
14
-
Of
the
coasts
of
Gallicia
,
from
the
Cape
of
Finisterre
to
Camino
.
Page
.
15
-
Of
the
sea
coasts
of
the
North
parts
of
Portugal
,
from
Viana
,
to
Cape
de
Montego
.
Page
.
16
-
Of
the
sea
coasts
of
the
most
notable
part
of
Portugal
,
viz.
from
the
Burlings
to
beyond
S.
Yues
.
Page
.
17
-
Of
the
sea
coasts
of
Algarbes
the
Southern
part
of
Portugall
.
Page
.
18
-
Of
the
sea
coasts
and
hauens
of
Andaluzia
.
Page
.
19
-
Of
the
sea
coasts
from
the
Surlings
the
farthest
part
of
England
to
Plimmouth
.
Page
.
20
-
Of
the
sea
coasts
of
England
,
between
Plimmouth
and
Portland
.
Page
.
21
-
Of
the
sea
coasts
between
the
Isle
of
Wight
and
Douer
.
Page
.
22
THE
TABLE
OF
THE
SECOND
PART
.
-
OF
the
Thames
mouth
with
al
the
sands
&
shoalds
vnto
Harwic●
.
I
-
The
North
coasts
of
England
between
walderswick
and
Burnam
.
II
-
The
coasts
and
Channels
of
Lyn
,
Hull
,
Fyly
and
Scharborough
.
,
III
-
Of
the
Northermost
coasts
of
England
from
Scharborough
to
Newcastell
.
IIII
-
The
sea
coasts
between
Bambourgh
and
Aberdein
.
V
-
Of
the
Southermost
part
of
Norway
&
the
coastes
adioynyng
.
VI
-
Of
the
Northern
parts
of
the
East
sea
coasts
of
Norway
,
and
the
coasts
adioynyng
.
VII
-
Of
the
North-east
countries
,
where
the
Maelstrand
is
the
chiefest
Port.
VIII
-
Of
the
principallest
part
of
Denmark
,
wherin
standeth
Copen-hauen
.
IX
-
Of
Bleckside
and
Calmer-sound
at
the
entrance
of
Swed-land
!
X
-
Of
Westerwick
about
the
Mount
of
the
Swethish
Yunckfrow
the
beginning
of
the
Shares
.
XI
-
●he
Sea
coasts
between
wyburgh
and
the
Narue
,
the
farthest
part
of
the
Belt
.
XII
-
Of
Lyfland
about
Reuell
and
Moonsound
,
and
of
the
coasts
adioynyng
.
XIII
-
Of
Righ
and
Parnout
,
and
of
the
Islands
adioynyng
.
XIIII
-
Of
the
Isle
of
Oesel
liyng
between
the
Belt
and
the
Bay
of
Righ
.
XV
-
Of
Prusland
wherof
Dantzick
is
the
cheifest
Mart.
XVI
-
Of
the
coasts
of
Pomerland
and
the
countries
adioynyng
.
XVII
-
Of
the
New-deep
that
stretcheth
vp
to
Statin
and
Mesound
:
and
the
sea
coasts
of
Metellenburgh
,
Lubick
,
the
Belt
,
Green-sound
,
Moon
,
&c.
XVIII
-
Of
the
Belt
and
all
the
Islands
,
Rocks
,
and
Shoalds
,
between
Lalands
riff
and
Steuens
head
.
XIX
-
The
vttermost
coasts
of
Yutland
opposit
to
Norway
.
XX
-
Of
the
sea
coasts
of
Yutland
,
with
the
Islands
thervnto
belongyng
.
XXI
-
Of
Iderst
,
Ditmers
,
and
the
sea
coasts
adioynyng
.
XXII
-
Of
the
sea
coasts
of
Fryzland
,
with
the
Riuers
of
Weser
and
Emes
,
and
of
Schalbalch
.
XXIII
A
DESCRIPTION
AND
POVRTRAICT
OF
THE
GREATEST
PARTE
OF
THE
SEACOASTES
OF
EVROPE
.
FOr
asmuch
as
,
these
particular
Sea
Chartes
,
which
I
haue
set
foorth
of
the
Westerne
,
Eastern
and
Northern
Nauigation
,
with
the
rest
,
which
I
hope
hereafter
at
the
first
opportunitie
to
publish
,
haue
their
originall
and
beginnyng
from
this
generall
Charte
of
the
Sea
Coasts
of
Europe
:
wherin
you
may
playnly
perceaue
,
how
the
particular
Countries
are
annexed
and
ioyned
eache
to
other
,
and
euery
one
of
them
in
his
right
place
,
distance
,
poynt
of
compas
,
degrees
,
minutes
.
&c.
I
haue
therefore
thought
necessary
to
place
this
generall
table
(
or
pourtraict
)
at
the
very
beginnyng
of
this
booke
before
all
the
rest
:
to
th'
end
,
you
may
thereby
the
better
seeke
and
finde
out
the
particulars
,
obseruynge
th'
order
and
methode
of
this
booke
.
Thinkynge
it
needelesse
to
make
any
larger
discourse
thereof
for
the
vse
of
Saylyng
.
Consideryng
,
that
the
particular
descriptions
with
their
Charts
being
taken
out
of
this
generall
and
enlarged
,
do
very
sufficiently
,
teache
&
shew
,
bothe
the
countries
themselues
,
&
their
commodities
(
so
they
be
rightly
examined
)
accordyng
to
the
true
art
of
Nauigation
,
employinge
therewithall
such
necessarie
instruments
as
appertayne
therevnto
.
A
SHORTE
INSTRVCTION
OF
THE
FORME
AND
fashion
of
Buyes
,
Beakons
,
and
other
markes
,
&c.
which
are
set
for
Shoaldes
,
Sandes
,
or
hidden
Rockes
,
as
they
are
marked
in
the
particular
Chartes
of
the
Fliestreame
,
Eemse
,
Weeser
,
the
Elue
,
Meersdiep
,
and
the
Mase
.
VPpon
all
the
Riuers
and
Streames
of
Holland
,
Friesland
,
and
Zeland
,
the
Buyes
at
the
vpper
ende
are
rounde
and
great
,
and
at
the
lower
end
,
small
and
sharpe
like
vnto
this
marke
1
buoy
being
made
blacke
with
Pitche
or
Tar
,
lying
for
the
moste
parte
vppon
the
right
hande
in
Saylinge
out
,
&
on
the
lefthand
in
commyng
in
:
And
on
th'
other
side
for
sandes
,
flats
&
shoaldes
do
commonly
stand
the
Beakons
and
other
higher
and
more
apparant
marks
made
of
Oasyers
,
after
this
manner
,
2
beacon
that
they
may
bee
the
farther
of
perceaued
:
And
where
there
is
danger
of
poincts
of
Rockes
,
Sandes
,
&
shoaldes
,
that
stande
out
,
there
are
(
that
you
may
shunne
them
)
white
Tunnes
or
Buyes
made
after
this
fashion
,
barrel marker
which
do
alwayes
he
vpon
the
contrary
side
of
the
foresaid
black
buyes
.
The
eye
markes
,
whereby
you
may
assuredly
finde
these
buyes
and
other
markes
,
are
sufficiently
declared
in
the
description
before
eache
Charte
.
But
,
you
must
vnderstand
that
the
Buyes
and
markes
are
herein
noted
,
as
they
weare
Anno.
1582.
Moreouer
because
the
depthes
and
channels
of
the
Riuers
do
yerely
shift
and
chaunge
their
places
,
both
by
reason
of
the
vncertaintie
and
instabilitie
of
the
sandie
groundes
,
and
for
that
the
entringes
and
mouthes
of
the
Riuers
do
dayly
waxe
wider
&
broder
:
therfore
these
streames
are
to
be
tried
by
soundyng
,
and
to
be
sayled
in
with
skilfull
and
experienced
Pilots
&
maisters
.
The
lande
markes
placed
at
the
entries
of
Riuers
I
haue
,
for
streightnes
of
roome
,
marked
thus
.
land marker
But
where
there
is
false
roade
&
grounde
fit
for
Ankering
,
I
haue
set
downe
this
forme
of
an
Anker
.
anchor
The
Figures
which
are
placed
in
al
Hauens
Riuers
,
Streames
&
Channels
,
aswell
in
the
mayne
sea
as
elswhere
,
vpon
al
the
shoaldes
,
Sandes
&
Rockes
,
do
signifie
the
depth
of
the
places
,
as
1.
2.
3.
10.
12.
Fatham
,
&
so
forth
:
which
is
alwaies
to
be
vnderstoode
at
half
flood
or
ebbe
.
The
litle
Crosses
marked
in
this
manner
†
alonge
the
Coastes
neare
Islandes
and
elswhere
,
betoken
hidden
and
daungerous
Rockes
,
of
which
you
must
carefully
beware
:
And
where
the
double
crosses
are
,
there
lye
greater
Rockes
couered
with
the
water
.
These
markes
in
the
Chartes
are
made
thus
.
.
.
.
.
.
map of Europe, emblazoned with the coats of arms of several of the constituent countries
A
Generall
Carde
,
&
discription
of
the
Sea
Coastes
of
Europa
,
and
nauigation
in
this
booke
conteyned
royal blazon or coat of arms
Semper
eadem
HONI
SOIT
QVI
MAL
Y
PENSE
SPQR
Judocus
Hondius
fe
.
A
TRVE
DESCRIPTION
OF
THE
VLIE
AND
THE
MARSDEEP
,
TWO
OF
the
notablest
Riuers
of
all
Holland
,
from
the
Northern
vnto
the
Southerne
sea
.
HE
that
will
sayle
from
the
North
sea
vp
to
Amsterdam
,
or
Enchuisen
,
by
the
entrie
of
the
VLIE
,
commonly
called
Noordergat
,
must
so
direct
his
course
that
the
Lande-marke
of
Schelling
may
exactly
answere
to
the
thrée
Downes
,
and
the
Blacke
downe
,
must
be
directly
opposite
to
the
middest
of
the
high
White
downe
.
Then
appeareth
the
first
Buy
,
from
which
he
shall
sayle
vnto
the
seconde
South
and
by
East
,
or
South
and
by
West
:
accordyng
as
the
winde
and
tide
will
serue
.
From
thence
vntill
he
come
to
the
Buy
,
which
lieth
vpon
the
Buske
,
South
and
by
West
,
or
South
,
still
carefully
obseruing
your
tyde
.
From
thence
let
him
sayle
vnto
the
Buye
in
Moncksloot
,
South
,
or
Southe
and
by
West
:
thence
to
Longsand
,
South
and
by
East
:
then
to
Wolfshouk
south
east
and
by
South
,
but
till
he
come
to
Cashoucke
,
let
him
kéepe
south
south
east
.
The
eye
marke
of
Cashoucke
is
,
when
the
Towre
of
Franike
appeareth
neare
the
hauen
of
Harling
.
From
Cashouck
vnto
Schutsande
,
the
course
is
East
south
east
,
the
markes
wherof
are
these
,
viz.
That
Cornwerde
on
the
East
side
is
right
opposite
to
Bolswerde
,
and
Winald
is
discerned
aboue
the
Castle
of
Harling
.
From
Schutsand
he
must
sayle
to
Swaenbalg
South
east
,
where
the
Buye
lieth
with
these
markes
.
viz.
When
Boldeswerde
appeareth
on
the
Eastside
of
the
broade
tower
,
or
the
high
buildynge
,
on
the
Southside
of
Cornewerde
:
But
when
Bolswerde
is
perceaued
betwéen
Destin
and
Cornewerd
,
then
may
he
plie
that
reache
vp
or
downe
at
his
pleasure
.
From
Swaenbalg
he
may
passe
to
Middleground
South
south
east
,
&
the
markes
hereof
are
:
when
the
two
picked
stéeples
of
Harlynge
on
the
Southside
,
are
right
agaynst
two
other
Towers
on
the
Northside
.
The
way
from
Middlegrounde
vnto
Idelhooeck
,
and
the
West
of
Worcum
lieth
Southward
,
and
then
Coldum
sheweth
it selfe
on
the
South
end
of
Hinlopen
,
which
is
the
marke
for
the
Buye
of
West
Worcum
:
From
thence
vnto
the
Buye
that
leadeth
to
Bocht
South
south
east
,
where
Pandagra
appeareth
standynge
at
the
Southside
of
Volwerd
in
a
valley
:
&
when
you
shall
perceaue
Pandagra
neare
the
houses
,
kéepe
the
right
forme
of
the
Tower
in
your
sight
,
vntill
you
come
to
the
Buye
,
that
lieth
vpon
the
flat
of
Freislande
:
there
is
déepe
water
,
&
that
reache
stretcheth
,
South
Southwest
:
From
thence
to
Creile
South
and
by
West
,
the
markes
wherof
are
,
when
Mirnys
toucheth
the
South
partes
of
the
Cliffe
,
and
the
Corne
milles
appeare
on
the
Westside
of
Medenblicke
.
The
way
from
Creyl
to
Crepelsand
is
South
south
east
,
and
South
east
and
by
East
,
the
markes
of
the
Buye
of
Creplesand
are
Enchuisen
standing
by
Venhuysen
and
Broocke
nigh
vnto
Hem
:
From
hence
you
may
sayle
vnto
the
first
Buye
in
Hillegat
,
South
south
east
,
and
South
and
by
East
,
and
then
vp
towardes
the
Beacon
,
South
and
by
East
,
but
from
the
innermost
Buye
vnto
the
Road
of
Enchuisen
,
South
and
by
West
.
Moreouer
sayling
from
Enchuisen
to
Texel
,
he
must
(
as
the
winde
and
tide
suffer
)
beginne
his
course
,
from
the
Buye
that
is
Northward
in
the
goyng
forth
,
(
commonly
called
Noordergat
)
North
north
west
,
or
North
and
by
West
,
vntill
Brooke
may
be
kenned
neare
Hem
,
where
he
shall
finde
the
Buye
of
Creplesand
.
From
thence
he
shall
go
to
the
Wicker
marke
or
Beacon
of
the
sayd
Creplesand
Northwest
,
and
when
Lytebrooke
is
séen
neare
Hem
,
he
shall
finde
out
this
marke
:
From
whence
he
may
sayle
vnto
the
South
Buye
vpon
the
Flats
of
Wiring
,
North
west
and
by
West
,
hauing
regarde
to
the
winde
and
tide
.
This
Buye
is
knowne
when
the
Twisch
by
Almerdorpe
and
Brooke
do
shew
betwéen
two
Heyrickes
,
and
the
Westerne
tower
of
Wiringe
perceaued
neare
vnto
the
houses
.
Then
he
may
passe
towardes
the
middle
Buye
Northwest
and
by
North
,
vntill
he
finde
that
the
Winde
mill
of
Wyringe
standeth
at
the
South-ende
of
the
houses
that
are
out
of
the
towne
.
From
the
middle
Buye
vnto
the
Northern
,
wee
sayle
North
northwest
,
the
markes
are
,
when
the
two
piked
Stéeples
are
one
:
and
on
the
East
side
of
the
Buye
there
is
a
déepe
Poole
fit
for
great
Shippes
:
from
thence
he
may
sayle
to
Vlieter
,
North
northwest
,
and
North
and
by
west
,
kéepyng
Medenbliche
,
and
the
Buye
in
one
,
so
longe
as
he
can
sée
them
,
and
kéepe
still
his
course
North
and
by
West
,
vntill
he
come
to
Nesse
,
where
he
shall
finde
a
Buye
on
the
Eastside
,
and
there
ouer
agaynst
standeth
a
marke
made
of
Wicker
or
Basket
worke
vpon
the
Nesse
:
the
tokens
whereof
are
,
when
the
Mill
vppon
the
shoare
is
opposite
to
the
vally
,
which
is
vpon
the
West
side
of
the
shoare
,
and
the
tower
standyng
towardes
the
west
,
ioyneth
to
the
West
parte
of
the
houses
.
From
thence
to
Vogelsand
,
West
north
west
,
sometimes
windyng
about
.
But
when
he
commeth
neare
Vogelsand
,
let
him
take
héede
,
that
Horn
tower
in
Texel
may
be
séene
neare
the
houses
which
stande
vnder
Geest
,
and
kéepe
them
so
in
sight
vntill
he
come
to
the
Marchants
Roade
,
there
may
he
Anker
before
Geest
in
Texel
,
where
he
shall
thinke
best
.
But
if
he
will
fourth
into
the
Ocean
,
his
course
is
to
the
New
Deepe
,
and
shunne
the
Shoaldes
of
Geest
,
two
Gables
length
from
the
shoare
side
of
Huisdune
,
vntill
he
come
to
the
shoalde
called
Dry
Hake
,
and
kéepe
the
shoare
markes
which
stande
vppon
Huisdune
fiue
foote
one
from
the
other
.
Then
must
he
holde
on
his
course
to
the
Sea
,
by
the
entrie
or
channell
of
Marsdiep
,
commonly
called
Spaignarsgat
:
for
Keysars
plat
hath
two
Fadam
water
at
halfe
floud
,
so
that
the
sayd
shoare
markes
may
be
almost
ioyned
together
.
And
if
comming
from
the
Sea
,
he
would
beare
in
with
the
entrie
of
Marsdiep
,
called
Spaignarsgat
,
he
must
set
Wammes
or
S.
Iohns
tower
on
the
Northside
of
the
high
Downe
of
Texel
,
and
the
Landmarkes
vppon
Huisdune
,
the
distance
of
5.
foote
from
eache
other
,
which
beyng
so
set
,
and
kept
,
he
may
enter
the
chanell
.
But
if
he
will
enter
the
mouthe
of
Maersdeep
called
Dorley
,
let
him
kéepe
the
Landmarke
and
the
Spere
stéeple
of
Texell
a
Sayle
breadth
a
sunder
,
and
let
him
holde
on
his
course
vntill
the
Landmarkes
of
Huisdune
appeare
fiue
foote
eache
from
the
other
,
saylyng
East
and
by
south
towardes
Huisdune
.
If
he
will
go
in
at
the
entrie
called
Ebbegat
,
let
him
kéepe
likewise
the
foresayd
markes
of
Dorley
,
fiue
foote
a
sunder
.
But
if
you
will
sayle
in
at
Lantdiep
,
called
Swidergat
:
set
the
Churche
of
Geest
euen
with
the
shoare
of
Huisdune
,
and
so
enter
.
Afterwardes
let
him
kéepe
along
the
shoare
of
Huisdune
,
about
the
length
of
two
Cables
of
:
vntill
he
haue
passed
the
New
Deepe
,
then
let
him
conde
the
ship
Northeast
,
vntil
he
come
to
the
Roade
where
great
shippes
and
Huyes
lie
neare
to
Geest
in
Texell
,
where
he
may
cast
Anker
in
.
10.
or
12.
fatham
.
It
would
be
too
tedious
to
set
downe
all
the
Trades
and
Traffique
of
all
the
cities
and
Townes
vpon
this
South
sea
:
notwithstandyng
I
will
touche
it
in
few
wordes
:
There
is
Amsterdam
that
most
renowmed
Marte
towne
,
which
in
all
Europe
hath
not
her
péere
,
for
varietie
and
plentie
of
all
Trades
,
especially
of
all
kinde
of
Easterne
and
Northern
commodities
,
Wares
and
Marchandizes
,
and
aboundance
of
Factors
.
There
standeth
likewise
vpon
this
Sea
the
famous
citie
of
Enchuisen
:
where
such
aboundance
of
Hering
is
taken
,
not
farre
from
the
towne
,
at
sometimes
of
the
yere
in
this
South
sea
,
as
suffiseth
(
as
may
be
dayly
séene
by
experience
)
at
one
time
to
fraught
many
Huyes
,
Boates
and
Pinckes
for
marchandize
vp
through
all
the
Maze
,
whereof
some
are
dried
or
smoked
,
called
Tybucking
,
especially
about
Christide
,
which
are
accompted
daynties
amonge
noble
men
,
and
are
vsed
for
Newyeares
giftes
to
the
better
sorte
.
But
those
that
wée
doo
call
Marche
hearyng
are
not
so
good
,
notwithstandinge
great
plentie
of
them
is
caried
vp
the
Riuer
of
Elue
into
Germanie
,
Boheme
,
Hungarie
,
and
further
downe
the
Riuer
of
Danube
towardes
Turkie
or
the
lesser
ASIA
where
the
same
are
solde
,
spente
,
and
greatly
accounted
of
.
And
HORNE
that
noble
citie
is
seated
towardes
that
South
sea
,
where
besides
the
Traffique
on
the
Seas
,
the
Countrie
yéeldeth
such
stoare
and
plentie
of
the
best
chéese
and
Butter
,
that
it
is
rather
to
be
wondred
at
,
then
to
be
written
of
,
which
all
Germanie
,
Brabant
,
Spayne
,
and
many
other
countries
can
sufficiently
testifie
.
A
Description
of
the
twoo
famous
Riuers
Streames
or
Channells
the
Flie
&
the
Maersdeepe
streaching
up
in
to
the
Sowther
sea
before
Enchuysen
unto
Amstredam
wyth
all
the
sandes
barckes
an
ᵈ
Showldes
,
lying
uppon
the
sayde
streames
A
TRVE
DESCRIPTION
AND
POVRTRAICT
OF
THE
MAZE
,
TOGETHER
with
the
entries
of
the
Goer
in
South
Holland
,
and
the
Vere
in
Zealand
,
and
also
of
the
Wielinghe
.
FIrst
if
you
will
finde
out
the
right
depth
or
channell
of
the
Maze
,
set
the
Tower
of
the
Bryll
,
South
east
and
by
east
from
you
,
and
sayle
on
so
vntill
on
the
Larboorde
Haghe
steeple
appeare
as
within
two
mastes
length
wide
of
the
South
side
of
the
square
tower
of
Mounster
,
and
on
the
Starrebord
the
watch-tower
of
Eastuoren
be
brought
to
the
West
end
of
the
towne
.
These
are
the
markes
of
the
South
entrie
,
commonly
called
the
Suidergate
,
and
there
shall
you
finde
the
vttermost
or
first
buye
.
The
entries
which
lie
neere
the
Bryll
by
the
shoaldes
of
the
Dary
or
Botkill
,
are
at
this
day
commodious
:
For
there
are
buyes
fastened
,
&
then
the
Brill
beareth
nearehand
South-east
from
you
.
Then
must
you
sayle
to
the
poynt
neer
the
Bulwarke
from
buy
to
buy
,
euen
till
you
come
to
the
Brill
,
where
along
the
shoare
about
a
Cables
length
off
,
is
good
roade
and
harborough
vnto
the
olde
Maze
.
Thence
you
crosse
ouer
by
the
Breach
,
called
the
Sceur
,
the
markes
for
it
are
when
Couwerscie
,
and
the
trees
are
come
togither
.
Thence
must
you
sayle
vp
to
Roterdam
in
the
midst
of
the
Channell
.
But
to
enter
the
Goer
,
set
Goer
steeple
West
off
the
watchtower
:
set
small
sayle
a
long
the
shoare
a
while
,
vntill
you
are
past
the
watchtower
,
shunning
the
point
,
least
you
strike
on
the
start
,
or
taile
sand
,
that
stretcheth
downe
from
the
landes
.
Then
bring
the
Windmill
which
standeth
in
the
Oelkens
platt
,
5.
foote
distant
Northward
from
Diricsland
tower
,
&
enter
the
porte
of
Goer
,
where
in
the
Chanell
you
shall
anker
at
6.
or
7.
fatham
.
But
if
you
will
goe
into
Brouwersgate
,
and
goe
cleare
of
the
shoalde
called
Drooghericke
,
which
stretcheth
downe
from
Goer
,
take
heed
that
the
land
markes
of
Schowen
(
called
Zericksea
)
do
ioyne
togither
,
vntill
Outdorpe
be
ioyned
with
Goer
steeple
.
Then
without
regard
of
the
shoare
markes
,
keepe
these
towers
ioyned
together
,
till
the
land
marke
be
one
with
the
Downe
,
which
commonly
is
called
white
Blencke
,
or
Lange
witte
sand
.
Then
with
all
speed
leaue
the
sayd
towers
because
of
the
Scere
which
reacheth
from
the
farthest
partes
of
Goer
,
for
the
tide
setteth
so
strongly
between
Droogerecke
and
Scere
,
that
it
would
with
his
violence
carry
the
ship
vpon
the
tayle
of
the
Scere
.
Wherefore
bearing
on
as
neare
the
shoare
of
Ziericsea
,
as
you
can
,
you
shall
come
to
Brouwershaven
,
where
you
may
anker
at
7.
or
8.
fatham
.
But
if
you
will
enter
the
Vere
,
see
that
East
Caple
may
be
right
agaynst
Middleborough
South-east
from
you
,
&
so
sayle
vp
vntil
you
haue
brought
the
steeples
of
Cortigien
in
one
,
then
set
forwardes
by
Polder
,
alias
the
Hooke
,
&
when
you
are
past
the
same
,
passe
on
to
Walcheren
sailing
stil
near
the
bank
vntill
you
come
to
Teruere
.
To
sayle
into
Dorley
,
bring
the
tower
of
Flushing
East
and
by
South
,
and
Wulpen
East
South
East
,
and
so
crosse
ouer
Dorley
,
for
it
is
there
deepe
and
broad
.
The
true
markes
where
of
are
when
East
Souburge
standeth
distant
almost
one
pace
Northward
from
West
Souburge
:
those
keepe
in
the
same
distance
,
vntill
the
steeples
of
Bruges
alias
Brugghellingh
be
brought
togither
:
for
there
it
is
three
fatham
deepe
,
but
it
is
requisite
that
the
steeples
of
the
two
Souburges
doe
shut
and
open
,
and
that
Flushing
be
East
and
by
South
from
you
,
and
so
hold
on
the
Dorley
.
If
you
will
enter
the
Wielinghe
bring
Terdoes
Church
distant
from
the
West
end
of
the
steeple
of
Liswegen
a
ships
length
,
which
you
must
so
keepe
vntill
west-caple
appeareth
at
the
East
end
of
the
Church
of
Heist
.
For
when
Terdoes
Church
is
brought
one
with
Liswegen
you
are
within
the
entrie
of
the
Wielinge
.
Then
keepe
the
Tower
which
is
on
the
East
side
of
Heist
a
ships
length
off
,
vntill
you
shall
haue
six
fatham
water
:
Then
let
the
little
tower
of
Blanckenberge
alias
t'Hauentorenken
be
brought
one
with
the
watch
tower
of
Blankenberge
,
before
the
light
tower
of
Hiest
,
be
one
with
the
steeple
of
Heist
,
then
shall
you
be
cleare
of
the
Pol.
Therfore
entering
the
Wiclings
let
the
little
Tower
of
Blankenberge
(
as
I
haue
sayd
)
first
touch
the
watch
tower
,
before
Heist
be
one
with
his
Lanterne
:
sayle
then
East
North
east
,
bearing
somewhat
towards
the
East
,
and
keepe
Blankenbergs
watch
tower
betweene
the
sayd
little
tower
and
the
towne
house
,
and
so
haue
you
the
best
of
the
Chanell
.
But
when
you
shall
see
on
the
starboord
side
the
Tower
of
Wotkirke
2.
sayles
breadth
south
from
the
Northerne
Tower
,
and
right
before
you
another
Tower
distant
the
space
of
5.
foot
Northwarde
from
the
steeple
of
the
Abbey
of
Middleborough
,
then
haue
you
the
right
marks
to
saile
thorough
the
Wicling
,
as
long
as
you
can
see
the
sayd
steeple
:
but
hauing
lost
the
sight
thereof
Sainct
Lambertes
steeple
sheweth
it selfe
in
a
valley
at
the
East
side
of
Catsand
,
which
are
the
sure
markes
to
sayle
into
the
deepe
:
and
when
you
shall
haue
gone
so
farre
that
the
watch
tower
of
Blankenberge
appeareth
betweene
the
little
tower
of
the
same
and
the
Towne-house
,
then
haue
you
gotten
the
right
course
:
Then
bring
the
Lanterne
of
Heist
to
his
steeple
before
the
watch
tower
of
Blankenberge
be
ioyned
to
the
little
tower
of
the
same
,
and
you
shall
goe
cleare
of
the
sands
called
the
French
Pole
.
But
if
all
the
aforesayd
markes
at
one self
time
come
togither
,
you
shal
run
right
vppon
it
,
where
there
is
but
the
depth
of
one
fatham
:
yet
notwithstanding
in
calme
weather
a
ship
the
draweth
18.
foote
water
may
at
halfe
floud
passe
ouer
the
sands
called
the
Caybanke
.
And
if
any
man
entering
the
Wicling
will
goe
out
by
Dorley
,
he
must
keepe
West-caple
and
Cnock
distant
a
sayles
breadth
,
and
must
sayle
North-west
vntill
the
steeples
of
Souburge
be
seperate
fiue
foote
a
sunder
:
then
set
West
North-west
vntill
you
haue
Flusshing
East
and
by
South
,
and
so
shall
you
not
endaunger
your selfe
vpon
the
shoalds
.
There
are
shoaldes
in
the
inner
part
of
Wiclinge
commonly
called
the
Vlack
vanne
gatt
.
When
the
watche
tower
of
Blankenberge
is
one
with
the
Towne
house
,
you
are
then
past
them
.
But
when
you
haue
gotten
ten
fatham
,
sayle
towardes
Flushing
two
Cables
distant
from
the
shoare
of
Walkeren
,
vntil
you
come
to
the
castle
of
Ramekens
:
but
take
heede
you
be
not
carried
with
the
swift
tide
vppon
Natgat
,
where
it
sets
inward
with
great
violence
.
The
traffique
and
Merchandizes
of
this
part
of
Zealand
cannot
easely
be
described
,
notwithstanding
there
is
in
Brabant
vpon
the
Scheld
,
the
citie
of
Antwerp
,
sometimes
the
most
famous
mart
towne
in
al
the
world
,
where
there
was
great
plentie
&
aboundance
of
all
nations
,
and
of
all
pretious
commodities
which
were
brought
thither
from
Spayne
,
and
other
Countreyes
in
great
ships
and
hulkes
.
Besides
there
is
in
Zealand
an
Island
called
Walkeren
,
where
the
famous
marte
towne
of
Middleborough
is
scituate
,
whither
all
kinde
of
French
and
Spanish
wines
,
being
brought
in
great
aboundance
,
are
there
sold
and
vented
.
There
is
also
within
that
Isle
a
litle
town
called
Armu
,
where
the
course
bay
salt
which
is
brought
thither
in
great
quantities
from
France
and
Spain
,
is
purified
,
and
made
white
,
and
from
thence
is
transported
and
dispersed
throughout
all
Europe
.
And
Roterdam
standeth
vpon
the
Maze
,
where
there
is
great
store
of
little
ships
,
and
boates
called
Buisen
and
Pincken
,
and
much
traffique
and
entercourse
of
marchaunts
for
pickell
herring
.
map of coastal Holland
A
Description
of
the
Jsles
of
Sealand
as
they
lie
vpon
all
y
er
.
Riuers
&
Chanells
with
a
part
of
the
sea
Coastes
of
Holland
and
Flaundres
.
A
PERFECT
DESCRIPTION
OF
THE
SEA
COASTES
OF
FLANDERS
WITHALL
THE
SANDES
,
FLATS
,
BANCKS
AND
SHOALDS
THEROF
.
WHen
you
sayle
out
of
the
Wielinge
towards
the
straights
between
Callis
and
Douer
,
called
the
Heads
,
you
must
bring
the
watch
towre
of
Blanckenberge
one
with
the
steeple
thereof
,
and
then
Westcappel
,
ioignes
with
the
Lantern
of
Heyst
.
But
when
Lisweghen
is
brought
one
with
Terdoes
churche
,
then
are
you
in
the
mouth
of
the
Wielynge
:
holde
then
west
southwest
,
bearing
a
litle
west
and
by
north
:
then
haue
you
the
true
depth
in
6.
fatham
water
at
halfe
floud
.
Or
els
you
may
take
this
course
to
saile
thorough
the
Wielinge
,
your
leading
mark
is
to
keepe
Middleborough
steeple
a
little
sayle
breadth
open
to
the
south
wardes
of
the
watch
tower
,
and
so
sayle
west
southwest
vpon
that
marke
as
farre
as
you
can
see
it
,
that
being
out
of
sight
,
go
west
southwest
and
borow
of
either
side
at
your
best
aduantage
,
as
the
winde
serueth
,
vntill
Blanckenbourgh
be
south
southeast
from
you
,
then
go
west
vpon
the
floud
and
west
southwest
vpon
the
ebbe
,
till
you
be
in
12.
fatham
,
then
shape
your
course
,
for
you
are
cleere
.
There
lieth
neare
Blankenberge
a
long
bancke
called
Witsand
,
stretching
along
the
shore
vnto
Winduyn
.
It
chanceth
that
mariners
are
here
often
deceaued
,
who
reckoning
themselues
to
be
entered
the
wielinge
are
shut
vp
betwixt
the
same
&
the
shore
:
wherfore
if
they
that
come
in
from
the
sea
would
shun
this
banke
,
let
them
set
the
broad
steeple
of
Liswegen
eastward
therof
,
and
so
bearing
along
the
shoare
in
6.
fatham
water
they
shall
goe
cleere
of
it
.
When
wotkerke
is
one
with
Blankenberge
:
and
S.
Catalina
shuts
into
Ostend
,
you
are
then
before
the
mouth
of
the
wielinge
:
but
when
the
steeple
of
Ostend
is
one
with
S.
Catherins
then
you
runne
vpon
the
shallow
called
Trix
,
which
alwaies
turneth
about
in
maner
of
a
whirlpoole
by
reason
of
the
violent
meeting
of
sundrie
currents
and
tides
:
and
there
you
haue
.5
.
fatham
water
.
Ouer
against
Ostend
there
lieth
a
banke
of
sand
a
dutch
mile
from
the
town
,
called
the
old
Morebank
hauinge
.2
.
fadam
water
at
the
lowest
ebbe
:
There
is
also
another
lyeng
west
and
by
north
of
Ostend
called
Dijestall
,
that
at
the
greatest
ebbe
hath
3.
fatham
water
.
Moreouer
when
the
Downe
Friery
called
the
Broers
standeth
south
from
you
,
you
are
within
the
Broers
banke
:
But
when
Dunkerke
beareth
south
and
by
west
from
you
,
you
are
past
the
most
daungerous
and
vttermost
part
of
this
banke
.
There
standeth
an
high
and
ragged
downe
west
of
Newporte
,
ouer
against
which
this
banke
hath
hys
beginning
which
reacheth
fower
dutch
leagues
north
northwest
into
the
sea
,
and
doth
lie
from
Newport
northwest
,
but
when
you
haue
Newporte
southeast
and
by
south
,
you
are
past
the
banke
.
There
are
also
two
or
three
dangerous
bankes
,
northwest
,
and
northwest
and
by
west
from
Dunkerk
,
the
first
lieth
from
the
shoare
two
dutch
myles
,
and
the
other
three
.
The
middest
is
called
Poldervan-dijckt
:
But
that
which
is
called
Ruting
:
is
most
dangerous
for
that
it
lieth
in
the
fayre
way
and
in
the
very
entrie
of
the
Channell
.
Either
of
them
hath
2.
fatham
at
low
water
,
which
you
must
warily
passe
by
.
There
are
also
two
other
Banks
north
west
and
by
north
from
Dunkerke
,
almost
ii
.
dutch
myles
distant
from
the
shoare
,
wherof
one
is
called
Dristall
,
the
other
Quaehanck
,
which
at
lowest
water
are
but
2.
fatham
and
an
halfe
:
you
may
safely
sayle
along
the
coastes
of
Flaunders
,
betweene
the
shoare
and
the
shoaldes
at
5.
or
6.
fatham
,
but
it
is
daungerous
for
great
vessels
because
the
waues
both
in
ebbing
and
flowing
doe
for
the
most
part
set
thwart
ouer
the
shoaldes
.
North
northeast
from
Callis
cliffe
,
three
dutch
myles
from
the
shoare
lyeth
another
shoald
which
at
lowe
water
hath
3.
fatham
.
There
lieth
also
an
other
Bancke
or
shoald
of
the
same
depth
almost
two
dutch
myles
from
Graueling
.
There
is
safe
roade
and
harborowe
vnder
the
tower
called
the
Oldman
for
a
north
winde
,
where
you
haue
7.
or
8.
fatham
.
In
the
verie
middest
of
the
streightes
there
lieth
a
shoald
4.
fathams
deepe
:
of
which
both
by
south
and
by
north
there
are
20.
and
22.
fatham
:
Right
before
the
entrie
of
the
riuer
of
Some
two
dutch
myles
into
the
sea
it
is
not
past
5.
or
6.
fatham
deep
.
He
that
will
saile
to
Deepe
,
setting
out
from
the
tower
called
the
Oldman
,
must
goe
forth
south
southwest
,
so
shal
he
ariue
to
the
entrie
of
Deep
:
at
the
very
mouth
therof
on
the
Larrbord
are
marks
made
of
Oasiers
but
it
must
be
halfe
floude
before
a
great
ship
be
able
to
come
in
.
map of coastal Flanders
A
Description
of
the
sea
Coastes
of
Flaundres
&
Picardie
beginning
from
Neweport
vnto
Deepe
,
with
the
Flemmishe
bankes
,
vntill
you
be
past
the
straight
betweene
England
&
France
the
which
is
called
the
heades
A
PERFECT
DESCRIPTION
OF
THE
ISLES
OF
ALDERNEY
,
GARNZEY
AND
IERZEY
,
AND
THE
QVASKETTES
CALLED
the
Kaskets
,
together
with
all
the
coasts
,
rocks
,
and
shoalds
,
lying
thereabouts
both
within
and
without
.
FEcam
beareth
westward
from
Deepe
7.
leagues
,
and
is
a
bard
hauen
:
Beyond
it
lieth
the
point
of
Strusard
,
from
whence
you
may
sayle
to
Seyne
head
S.
S.
W.
Newhauen
(
called
Hable-neuf
)
standeth
inwarde
from
thence
halfe
a
league
,
where
you
may
anker
,
to
stay
for
the
tide
and
sayle
vp
the
Seyne
to
Roane
,
so
that
before
the
tide
be
vnbent
you
passe
ouer
the
first
traues
or
Drybancks
:
and
the
way
from
Newhauen
to
Honfleur
lieth
S.
E.
But
you
must
sayle
along
the
south
shoare
,
because
the
north
side
of
the
riuer
to
Quillebeuf
is
ful
of
shoaldes
,
and
then
are
you
thorow
the
first
traues
:
But
you
must
be
very
heedfull
of
that
strong
spring
of
the
Sea
(
called
the
Barre
or
beare
)
in
which
the
tide
setteth
so
violently
and
swiftly
,
that
a
ship
can
scarse
be
kept
vp
with
all
her
ankers
and
cables
.
But
all
this
reach
is
to
be
sounded
.
Southwest
of
Seyne
head
lyeth
a
banke
of
three
fatham
:
and
before
the
dike
of
Cadom
(
called
the
Fosse
of
Caen
)
there
are
bankes
,
which
you
may
sayle
round
abouts
by
the
channell
of
Caen
,
which
is
a
bard
hauen
.
Six
leagues
or
thereaboutes
towardes
the
west
,
standeth
the
Cape
of
Cherbourge
where
for
a
rough
northwest
winde
is
good
harbour
:
there
lye
sands
ouerthwart
the
bay
,
which
at
low
water
haue
but
two
fatham
depth
.
Agaynst
a
north
and
northwest
winde
you
may
safely
anker
vnder
Alderney
by
the
little
bard
hauen
,
in
a
sandy
bay
hard
abourd
the
shoare
:
where
it
is
7.
or
8.
fatham
deepe
.
If
you
will
enter
the
race
of
Blancquerd
,
you
may
runne
in
,
eyther
in
the
midst
of
the
channell
,
or
at
your
discretion
betweene
the
cape
of
Haghe
,
and
Alderney
:
for
you
may
borow
the
north
shoare
alongst
vpon
10.
or
12.
fatham
,
vntill
you
are
past
the
Sans
,
which
is
a
row
or
ledge
of
hidden
rockes
,
to
be
left
on
the
starreboord
:
there
cast
anker
in
the
channell
at
7.
or
8.
fatham
,
and
against
the
broad
tower
.
The
race
of
Blanquerd
reacheth
inwardly
south
and
by
east
,
and
south
south
east
:
But
if
you
will
sayle
on
the
backside
of
the
great
Isle
of
Iersey
,
you
must
crosse
ouer
,
and
anker
vnder
the
same
where
you
please
for
in
euery
place
thereaboutes
is
good
ground
.
And
there
is
an
other
safe
road
for
ships
,
vnder
the
main
of
Sainct
Malo
(
called
Conkall
)
you
may
sayle
into
the
same
both
by
East
and
west
:
before
it
lieth
a
ledge
of
rockes
aboue
water
.
The
bay
is
great
and
the
harbour
safe
,
hauing
at
lowe
water
4.
or
5.
fatham
.
From
this
roade
you
may
descrie
the
Isle
of
Ierzey
right
ouer
against
the
same
,
almost
5.
dutch
myles
off
.
But
,
if
by
reason
of
a
northwest
tempest
,
you
are
driuen
to
seeke
safe
ankering
vnder
Garnezcy
,
or
elswhere
,
you
must
set
for
Garnezcy
or
the
little
Isle
of
Arme
,
auoyding
on
the
west
side
the
great
rockes
of
the
Quasquettes
(
called
the
Kaskets
)
sayling
south
and
by
east
vntil
the
castle
which
standeth
in
the
sea
be
brought
to
the
south
poynt
of
Garnezcy
.
Then
saile
betweene
the
greater
and
the
lesser
Island
,
where
you
may
anker
by
south
or
by
north
from
the
castle
,
where
you
please
,
in
7.
or
8
fathams
.
But
if
you
will
anker
at
the
south
side
of
the
sayd
Island
,
beare
aloofe
to
sea-ward
from
the
outmost
poynt
of
the
land
,
because
all
that
shoare
is
full
of
rockes
:
after
you
haue
doubled
that
poynt
you
may
anker
at
12.
or
14.
fatham
:
you
may
goe
out
againe
Eastward
betweene
the
Isles
Arme
and
Sarke
,
or
seeke
there
for
roade
as
you
list
.
Sarke
standeth
from
the
Cape
of
the
Haghe
,
or
the
trade
of
Alderney
,
6.
dutch
leagues
south
and
by
west
.
Although
these
Islandes
lye
neere
the
coastes
of
Fraunce
they
are
notwithstanding
subiect
to
the
Crowne
and
gouernement
of
England
:
their
trade
is
little
or
nothing
at
all
,
and
therefore
vnknowne
to
vs
.
map of coastal Normandy and Britanny
A
CARDE
of
parte
of
the
Sea
Coastes
of
Normandie
and
Britannie
with
the
Islands
adioyninge
.
A
PERFECT
DESCRIPTION
OF
THE
SEA
COASTES
BETWEEN
S.
MALO
,
AND
BEYOND
THE
PORTE
OF
ROSCOW
.
IF
you
come
from
the
Westerne
sea
,
and
seeke
harbour
vnder
Garnezey
,
you
must
sayle
in
by
the
south
shore
of
the
lande
,
and
may
Anker
in
the
Channell
at
20.
or
25.
Fatham
neare
to
the
sharpe
tower
or
els
where
at
your
pleasure
.
Ierzey
standeth
from
Garnezey
southeast
almost
5.
dutch
leagues
,
where
is
also
safe
roade
for
shippes
.
S.
Malo
is
distant
from
Ierzey
.
8.
leagues
towardes
the
south
and
is
a
bard
hauen
:
at
the
entrie
whereof
are
rockes
,
betweene
which
you
must
sayle
into
the
riuer
,
and
cast
anker
before
the
citie
at
5.
or
6.
fatham
.
And
there
lyeth
a
bancke
westward
two
or
three
dutch
leagues
from
the
towne
,
vnder
which
there
is
safe
roade
in
5.
fatham
water
:
There
is
also
an
Island
called
Brybac
standing
from
thence
three
dutch
leagues
,
which
you
may
sayle
round
about
,
and
cast
Anker
where
you
will
.
And
2.
leagues
from
thence
there
is
a
riuer
called
Lantrilliers
,
which
hath
many
rockes
and
shoaldes
on
the
west
side
.
From
thence
stand
the
sept
Isles
distant
two
dutch
leagues
:
within
which
lieth
white
hauen
(
called
Port
blanc
)
of
6.
or
7.
fatham
.
Those
Islandes
may
be
sayled
round
about
.
There
lieth
a
shoald
called
Octobers
northwest
from
the
west
point
of
the
sayd
Island
about
a
league
and
a
halfe
of
the
shoare
.
Vlisshauen
(
called
Green
Island
is
scituated
a
dutche
league
westwarde
,
which
may
on
both
sides
be
entered
:
and
is
a
most
safe
hauen
for
all
wether
.
The
Riuer
of
Morlays
lieth
fiue
dutche
leagues
from
the
sept
Isles
and
is
a
bard
hauen
:
you
may
anker
amongst
the
rockes
at
5.
fatham
in
the
Channell
.
Two
dutche
leagues
from
that
place
standeth
an
Islande
(
commonly
called
Taureau
)
by
which
you
may
saile
into
the
Riuer
of
S.
Paul
de
Lyon
,
which
without
is
full
of
rockes
,
but
within
them
you
may
anker
at
6.
or
7.
fatham
.
There
lieth
an
Isle
called
Ysle
de
bas
2.
dutch
leagues
distante
from
thence
:
you
may
sayle
in
on
both
sides
of
it
to
the
Channell
or
Road
of
Roscou
which
containeth
7.
or
8.
fatham
both
on
the
east
and
west
side
.
Obcurac
beareth
from
Roscou
5.
leagues
hauing
many
white
sandy
bayes
alongest
the
shoare
,
which
are
most
certaine
markes
of
that
coast
.
The
Inhabitantes
of
these
countries
haue
great
entercourse
and
traffique
with
the
Portugalles
,
viz.
of
wheate
,
Rie
,
linnen
Cloth
,
and
other
lyke
grosse
marcchaundizes
.
map of coastal Brittany
THE
SHEWING
OR
APPEARING
of
the
Sea
coastes
of
Britaine
euen
as
they
open
and
shewe
betwene
S.
Malo
and
Roscou
A
TRVE
DESCRIPTION
OF
CONQVET
,
BREST
,
AND
FONTENEAV
,
THE
WONDERFVL
COASTES
OF
BRITANY
.
A
Dutch
league
Eastward
of
the
Cape
of
Gobe
,
called
Les
Fours
,
or
the
Fourn
there
are
many
blacke
rockes
lieng
alongst
the
coast
,
which
our
sea-men
call
the
Backouens
,
and
within
the
same
are
manie
little
white
sandie
bayes
:
The
land
is
also
somewhat
low
and
bewtified
here
and
there
with
some
houses
.
To
get
the
Channell
or
passage
betweene
the
foresaid
rockes
and
bayes
,
you
must
saile
2.
Cables
length
from
the
said
rockes
almost
South
Southeast
,
keeping
S.
Matthewes
Abbey
in
the
valley
Eastward
from
Conquet
point
:
then
beare
inwardes
vntill
you
come
to
Blanc-hauen
or
Conquet
point
,
hale
then
to
the
outwardes
,
vntill
S.
Mathewes
Abbey
be
open
vnto
you
without
Conquet
point
,
sailing
alongest
a
Cables
length
off
:
for
so
shall
you
not
strike
vpon
the
Bell
,
which
lieth
off
Conquet
point
,
almost
three
cables
length
.
But
keepe
Flemynes
bay
full
west
of
the
white
Friers
called
the
Blancs
Moines
:
But
when
you
may
plainely
discerne
Conquet
you
are
thwart
the
rockes
called
Les
Fenestriers
,
which
lie
vnder
water
at
the
east
side
of
Conquet
hauen
.
But
if
being
at
Sea
you
must
turne
in
,
bring
S.
Mathewes
Abbey
right
without
Conquet
point
,
and
saile
againe
about
the
rockes
called
the
Hagles
which
lie
almost
a
third
part
of
the
bredth
of
the
waye
from
Vshant
.
There
is
a
harborough
betwixt
Fenestriers
,
and
the
Blancs
Moines
vnder
S.
Matthewes
point
in
6.
or
7.
fatham
And
if
you
wil
put
ouer
from
S.
Matthewes
point
to
the
Race
of
Fonteneau
,
you
must
conde
the
ship
from
Blancs
Moines
south
and
by
east
,
vntil
you
come
to
the
Emperours
and
Emperes
rocks
called
the
Keiser
,
and
Keiserine
.
But
as
you
must
not
presse
to
neere
Keiser
,
least
you
strike
vpon
the
rockes
which
lie
vnder
water
,
so
great
heede
is
to
be
taken
that
you
be
not
caried
away
with
the
tide
or
currente
,
which
commonly
setteth
in
towardes
the
Keiserine
vpon
the
shoald
called
the
Calfe
,
which
stretcheth
downe
from
Keiserine
like
a
tongue
:
and
it
is
alwaies
there
as
a
whirlepoole
,
and
verie
tempestuous
.
The
Race
of
Fonteneau
lieth
out
into
the
Sea
South
Southwest
:
But
Bresont
stretcheth
into
the
sea
west
and
by
South
foure
dutch
leagues
from
S.
Matthewes
.
The
marke
to
crosse
the
Race
from
S.
Mathewes
to
the
Keyser
,
is
the
mill
of
Fenestriers
,
standing
directly
westward
off
S.
Matthewes
Abbey
.
But
if
you
will
saile
to
Croixduyns
from
S.
Matthewes
poynt
,
hold
on
east
and
by
south
,
so
that
you
keepe
still
the
Southermost
part
of
the
rockes
,
called
the
Cheminees
without
Blancs
Moines
,
vntill
you
get
the
bay
of
Crodune
,
and
the
chappell
appeare
on
the
grauelly
shoare
,
towards
which
chappell
you
may
safely
beare
,
and
there
anker
,
in
9
,
or
10.
fatham
.
Ouer
against
Crodun
by
the
north
shoare
lieth
Bertrandes-bay
,
being
a
very
good
harborough
for
a
north
and
northwest
winde
.
But
he
which
will
goe
vp
to
Breste
or
Landerneau
,
must
get
good
Pilots
,
for
it
is
all
sounding
water
.
The
Collignier
beareth
South
Southeast
about
a
league
&
a
halfe
from
S.
Matthewes
poynt
.
The
Faukenes
lie
off
from
the
west
poynt
of
Crodun
about
the
fourth
part
of
a
league
west
southwest
.
The
southermost
Faukenes
standeth
from
the
northermost
about
halfe
a
league
South
South-east
,
and
is
vnder-water
at
a
high
spring-tide
.
A
cables
length
off
north
north-east
lieth
a
blinde
rocke
,
which
at
lowest
ebbe
is
euen
with
the
water
.
This
South
Faukenes
beareth
north-east
and
by
north
from
Crodun
.
There
is
also
another
hidden
rocke
west-ward
from
the
north-east
Faukenes
which
appeareth
at
lowest
water
.
The
rocke
called
the
Hen
lieth
distant
from
Faukenes
west
South-west
two
Cables
length
.
There
is
another
called
the
Chicken
almost
north-west
and
by
west
from
the
Hen
,
being
two
sharpe
rockes
,
which
at
a
great
ebbe
are
either
euen
or
little
aboue
the
water
.
There
lieth
also
a
rocke
east
and
by
south
from
S.
Matthewes
poynt
,
lyeng
in
the
middest
of
Bertrandes-bay
,
by
the
North-side
of
the
water
of
Brest
:
And
these
are
his
markes
,
viz.
when
the
southermost
of
the
rocks
,
called
Cheminees
,
are
one
with
S.
Matthewes
poynt
,
then
you
strike
vpon
this
rocke
,
but
if
it
appeare
a
little
without
,
then
you
goe
cleare
.
West
Penmarques
is
a
bard
hauen
,
which
is
to
be
entered
on
the
East-side
along
the
shoare
,
and
leaue
the
great
rocke
on
the
starre-boord
side
,
which
being
once
past
,
you
may
anker
at
three
fatham
water
:
for
as
you
come
in
,
without
the
rocke
,
you
haue
8.
or
9.
fatham
:
you
may
also
sayle
within
the
East
Penmarques
:
for
the
maine
is
sandy
strande
,
where
you
may
anker
in
10.
or
12.
fatham
very
safely
,
neere
vnto
the
Isle
of
Morton
,
for
there
is
faire
ground
.
THE
SEA
Carde
ofs
Britayne
,
Conteining
the
Coastes
,
Bays
,
Iles
,
and
hauens
,
that
lye
betweene
Rouscou
and
Groye
verie
dilligently
corrected
.
Aᵒ
1588
AN
EXACT
DESCRIPTION
OF
THE
SOVTH
COASTES
OF
BRITANY
BETWEENE
BLAVET
,
AND
Picquelier
,
wherein
is
also
contayned
Belisle
and
Groy
.
TO
sayle
into
Blauet
,
when
you
haue
the
East
poynt
of
the
Island
called
Groy
South
and
by
west
,
then
are
you
come
to
the
entry
thereof
which
stretcheth
inwardes
north
northeast
,
where
is
a
very
safe
harborough
for
any
winde
or
wether
at
6.
or
7.
fatham
water
.
In
the
entry
you
haue
4.
fatham
water
but
there
lie
some
shoalds
which
you
must
shunne
.
On
the
west-side
of
the
entrie
standeth
a
great
sharpe
steeple
.
There
is
also
vnder
Groy
good
ground
for
ankering
7.
or
8.
fatham
deepe
,
and
safe
harborough
for
a
south-west
winde
.
But
beware
of
the
south-east
shoare
,
for
it
is
rockie
ground
.
But
if
you
will
harbour
vnder
Belisle
,
you
may
goe
in
,
on
both
sides
all
at
large
,
where
you
may
let
fall
your
anker
at
10.
or
12.
fatham
water
by
S.
Paules
spire
steeple
.
But
at
a
Northeast
or
north
north-west
winde
,
you
must
way
and
plie
vp
to
the
East
side
of
the
Island
,
where
before
S.
Helen
you
haue
safe
road
at
10.
fatham
.
But
if
the
winde
come
aboue
at
south
,
or
south
south-east
,
returne
then
before
the
foresayd
steeple
of
S.
Paule
.
There
lie
3.
Islands
about
a
league
and
halfe
from
Belisle
,
the
middest
whereof
hath
safe
harborough
:
you
may
sayle
betwixt
them
from
Island
to
Island
,
&
in
some
places
finde
good
riding
.
About
two
leagues
thence
lieth
the
maine
land
,
where
are
2.
great
bayes
,
or
riuers
:
from
whence
you
may
betwixt
the
maine
,
and
the
foresaid
Islandes
,
within
Belisle
,
sayle
to
Croyswicke
,
or
Croisill
,
and
the
riuer
of
Nantes
,
called
the
Loyre
.
Croyswicke
lyeth
from
Belisle
about
8.
dutch
leagues
East
and
by
North
,
and
East
North-east
.
And
from
Croyswicke
to
the
riuer
of
Loyre
it
is
about
3.
leagues
.
He
which
will
goe
vp
that
riuer
,
let
him
runne
along
the
shoare
of
Croyswicke
3.
cables
length
off
to
the
pierced
rock
,
which
he
may
look
thorough
like
a
great
gate
.
From
thence
let
him
keepe
still
two
cables
length
off
the
northerne
shore
,
streight
to
the
point
,
whereon
standeth
a
sharpe
steeple
,
vntill
he
be
within
the
rockes
called
Les
Pourceaux
,
which
lye
in
the
middest
of
the
riuer
betwixt
the
pierced
rocke
,
and
the
steeple
.
But
when
he
is
past
S.
Nazarethes
steeple
,
he
may
anker
in
the
channell
at
10.
or
12.
fatham
,
where
he
must
take
in
a
Pilotte
to
lead
him
vp
the
Loyre
vnto
Nantes
,
by
the
helpe
of
the
plummet
.
There
lie
Banckes
to
the
Sea-ward
a
league
and
a
halfe
off
Croyswicke
poynt
:
betweene
which
,
and
the
land
called
La
Collecte
he
may
sayle
vnto
the
bay
of
Armentyer
.
If
ye
will
goe
from
the
East-side
of
Belisle
with
the
bay
of
Armentyer
,
let
him
conde
East
and
by
South
till
he
come
to
the
Abbie
of
Armentyer
:
beyond
which
on
the
coast
side
standeth
a
woode
:
then
he
must
sayle
East
North-east
till
the
same
woode
open
a
good
way
Northwarde
from
the
Abbey
:
then
shall
hee
be
cleare
of
the
shoald
called
the
Munkes
Ledge
.
Then
must
hee
set
Eastwardes
towards
the
rocke
called
Peter
Meyne
,
which
you
may
on
both
sides
saile
by
:
assoone
as
you
are
past
it
,
anker
at
6.
or
7.
fatham
,
for
the
rest
is
to
be
sounded
.
Right
ouer
against
Armentyer
poynt
standeth
Picquelier
:
from
whence
the
course
lyeth
South
and
by
East
to
the
Island
Heys
or
Hoy
,
vnder
which
is
a
dangerous
road
,
and
onely
safe
against
a
South-west
and
a
west
South-west
winde
:
there
is
alwaies
a
great
noyse
and
troublesome
whirling
.
These
coastes
doe
yeeld
almost
the
whole
yeere
,
wines
,
white
linnen
cloth
,
Graynes
,
damaske
Prunes
,
and
Chesse-nuttes
:
which
are
transported
thence
to
other
countries
.
And
Nantes
,
is
the
chiefest
mart
towne
of
these
parts
,
whither
the
best
Orleans
wines
are
brought
downe
the
riuer
of
Loyre
.
The
Sea
Coastes
,
with
the
Iles
of
Bretayne
betweene
Blauet
&
Piequeliers
,
A
PERFECT
DESCRIPTION
OF
THE
SEA
COASTES
OF
PICQVELIER
,
ROCHELL
,
BROVAGE
,
AND
OF
THE
Islandes
,
rockes
,
and
shoaldes
adioyning
,
euen
as
farre
as
Garunne
the
riuer
of
Bordeaux
.
FIrst
if
you
will
sayle
from
Heys
to
the
Kellyats
,
shape
your
course
E
and
by
S.
and
E
S
E
vntil
you
are
past
the
rocke
called
Le
Baer
d'Olone
,
which
you
may
sayle
round
about
:
Then
may
you
hale
along
the
coast
of
Poitou
,
leauing
two
third
parts
of
the
water
towardes
the
Isle
of
S.
Martyns
,
vntill
Vrcke
come
without
the
point
of
the
Downes
,
and
then
may
you
see
a
little
Tower
and
a
woode
in
the
land
of
Bos
,
keepe
that
tower
so
long
shut
vp
in
the
wood
,
vntill
the
steeple
in
the
coast
of
Poitou
(
which
is
called
the
Leper
)
doe
come
ouer
against
Vrcke
,
which
you
must
so
hold
,
vntill
Rochell
appeare
without
Bos
poynt
:
then
haue
you
passed
the
Lauerdine
:
And
then
may
you
sayle
forth
thorough
Porthuis
,
or
els
cast
anker
vnder
the
coast
of
Bos
at
6.
or
7.
fatham
.
The
markes
of
Lauerdine
are
these
:
If
you
will
anker
vnder
the
Bos
,
keepe
Rochell
from
Bos
a
ships
length
,
so
you
shall
be
cleare
of
the
Lauerdine
:
But
if
you
wil
anker
vnder
the
Abbey
of
S.
Martynes
Island
,
keepe
the
Abbey
right
without
the
sandy
poynt
of
the
sayd
Island
,
and
hold
on
your
course
into
the
sandy
bay
Eastward
of
the
Abbey
,
and
so
shall
you
escape
the
shoaldes
of
Lauerdine
,
for
there
is
the
roade
for
ships
that
are
bound
outward
.
Porthuis
is
wide
and
broade
,
and
stretcheth
inward
East
South
east
:
Brant
or
Burning
Island
standeth
from
S.
Martynes
three
dutch
miles
S
E
and
by
East
:
from
whence
you
may
sayle
to
the
Easterne
shoaldes
called
Oesterbanke
South
South-east
:
keepe
the
little
Tower
of
Hers
on
the
west
side
of
the
wood
,
vntill
the
red
round
tilde
house
,
which
standeth
ou
the
South
side
of
the
riuer
Charante
,
be
one
with
the
steeple
called
Le
Four
:
Then
sayle
East
Southeast
,
and
South
East
and
by
East
,
vntill
Soubyse
be
ioyned
to
the
gray
village
called
Graue
Dorpe
,
that
standeth
on
the
shore
side
,
&
the
little
steeple
of
Hers
,
wil
shew
it selfe
right
on
the
East-side
of
the
Valley
which
is
in
Hers
woode
:
goe
then
by
the
markes
South
Southeast
,
keeping
both
the
little
steeple
which
is
in
the
Valley
on
the
East-side
thereof
,
and
the
East
little
steeple
of
Hers
,
in
the
white
sandy
place
.
And
these
are
the
true
markes
of
the
channell
of
Brouage
inwardes
and
outwardes
vnto
the
Easterne
flattes
called
Oesterbanke
:
and
when
the
red
round
house
couered
with
Slates
appeareth
beyond
the
broad
tower
of
Vere
,
then
are
you
past
out
of
Brouage
channell
.
Now
if
you
will
crosse
ouer
to
Brant
Island
,
bring
not
Rochell
tower
out
of
the
Isle
vntill
you
come
neare
the
Island
,
because
of
the
shoald
called
the
Baniaert
,
which
stretcheth
downe
by
the
Isle
Oleron
,
and
is
seene
at
lowe
water
.
And
the
roade
vnder
Brantysle
is
,
where
you
may
anker
to
heaue
out
your
ballast
in
12.
or
13.
fatham
.
If
you
wil
enter
the
riuer
of
Bordeaux
called
Garunne
,
keep
the
steeple
of
Cordam
in
your
sight
East
South-east
,
or
somewhat
more
Easterly
.
On
the
other
side
of
the
riuer
standeth
an
high
redde
Downe
,
which
you
must
bring
Northeast
from
you
,
vntil
you
come
neare
the
Downe
which
lyeth
Northward
:
then
coast
along
that
side
,
vntill
you
haue
entered
the
riuer
on
the
North
side
:
anker
then
before
Royan
at
6.
or
7.
fatham
:
all
the
rest
is
to
be
sounded
.
The
North-side
of
the
riuer
hath
redde
Downes
,
and
somewhat
high
,
without
trees
.
Three
or
foure
leagues
from
the
riuer
side
are
low
Downs
,
where
grow
some
trees
and
woodes
.
In
these
coastes
is
great
trade
of
bay
salt
,
and
wine
,
all
the
whole
yeare
:
great
plenty
whereof
is
transported
from
thence
to
diuers
countries
:
But
Rochell
is
the
ehiefcst
towne
of
traffique
there
aboutes
.
map of coastal Poitou and Bordeaux
THE
SEA
COASTES
of
the
landes
of
Poyctou
and
Bordeaux
euen
as
they
shew
and
appeare
,
when
you
sayle
there
alongst
betweene
Picquelier
&
the
Riuer
of
Bordeaux
called
the
Garonne
*
A
PERFECT
DESCRIPTION
OF
THE
SEA
COASTES
OF
ACASON
AND
BAYON
,
AND
OF
THE
Eastern
part
of
Biscay
vnto
Castro
.
ABout
18.
leagues
Southward
of
the
riuer
of
Bourdeaux
,
is
a
porte
called
Acason
,
at
the
entrie
wherof
are
two
great
rockes
,
but
on
the
North
side
it
is
broadest
:
shunne
the
inner
point
of
the
Porte
,
because
it
is
full
of
rocks
.
In
the
very
entry
you
haue
5.
fatham
water
,
but
Northward
it
is
deeper
and
faire
ground
:
and
contrariwise
towardes
the
South
lie
many
perillous
rockes
,
whereof
it
behoueth
you
to
be
heedefull
:
you
may
sayle
in
at
this
hauen
betweene
the
maine
land
and
the
rocke
,
amiddest
the
channell
.
Foureteen
leagues
Southward
from
Acason
,
lieth
the
hauen
of
Bayon
,
whose
entrie
is
wide
and
broade
.
Set
the
tower
at
the
North
poynt
or
cape
of
the
land
,
and
so
sayle
betweene
the
rockes
and
the
cape
,
vntill
you
come
into
the
hauen
,
where
you
may
anker
within
the
point
before
the
towne
at
4.
or
.
5.
fatham
water
.
From
thence
the
course
is
Southward
to
S.
Iohn
de
Lux
three
leagues
within
the
rockes
,
which
stretch
inwards
Southeast
,
and
Southeast
and
by
South
,
where
standeth
a
hill
like
a
saddle
bearing
Southeast
from
you
:
The
towne
lyeth
in
a
great
bay
,
and
so
doth
Fuenterabie
vpon
a
fresh
water
riuer
.
Passai
beareth
5.
leagues
from
S.
Iohn
de
Lux
west
Northwest
.
From
thence
you
goe
westward
two
leagues
to
the
port
of
Otera
which
stretcheth
inwards
South
Southeast
,
and
there
haue
you
in
the
entrie
3.
fatham
water
,
but
when
you
are
within
it
is
wide
and
broad
,
and
the
hauen
is
bard
.
Foure
leagues
westwarde
of
Otera
lieth
Bilbao
streching
inwardes
South
and
by
East
:
after
you
are
in
,
you
may
turne
vp
Eastward
,
where
you
haue
4.
or
6.
fatham
water
:
on
the
South-side
of
the
hauen
lieth
an
Island
,
where
standeth
a
light
tower
,
which
you
must
set
South
and
by
East
from
you
as
you
sayle
in
,
where
it
is
.
3.
fatham
deepe
.
Machichaco
a
good
hauen
lyeth
fiue
leagues
from
Bilbao
west
south
west
,
and
Southwest
,
&
by
west
,
which
from
the
west
side
stretcheth
inwards
Southest
and
by
East
in
8.
or
9
,
fatham
.
In
the
middest
of
the
entry
you
shall
finde
a
rocke
,
which
you
must
leaue
on
the
Larbord
side
:
you
may
also
sayle
in
at
the
East
side
of
the
rocke
,
but
there
you
haue
but
3.
fatham
:
From
the
entrie
,
the
hauen
is
wide
and
broad
,
and
you
may
anker
in
any
place
of
the
channell
at
8.
or
9.
fatham
.
Castro
beareth
three
leagues
westward
from
Machichaco
,
&
stretcheth
inward
westerly
.
In
the
midst
of
the
entry
standeth
a
rock
almost
south-west
,
which
you
may
sayle
round
about
in
6.
or
7.
fatham
.
The
streightnesse
beareth
vp
Southerly
:
you
may
turne
in
towardes
the
East
,
and
cast
anker
in
the
channell
at
10.
or
12.
fatham
.
These
portes
yeeld
Rosin
,
Chessenuttes
,
Iron
,
wooll
,
Orenges
,
Filbberdnuttes
,
and
steele
,
which
are
their
trades
.
A
CARDE
OF
THE
SEA
COASTES
of
Acason
&
Biscay
with
their
hauens
,
and
opening
of
their
landes
,
hills
,
and
Mountaynes
*
A
TRVE
DESCRIPTION
OF
THE
SEA
COASTES
BETWEENE
Laredo
and
Sentillana
.
LAredo
beareth
westward
from
Castro
fiue
Dutche
leagues
.
To
enter
the
bay
,
set
S.
Anthonies
hill
South
East
from
you
,
and
hale
along
S.
Anthonies
shore
vntill
you
are
cleare
of
the
East
poynt
of
the
land
.
Then
turne
vp
Eastward
vntill
you
come
to
Laredo
where
you
may
lay
out
anker
in
6.
or
7.
fatham
.
But
if
you
will
beare
into
the
hauen
within
the
two
walles
,
you
must
doe
it
at
highe
water
:
for
it
is
a
port
for
barkes
,
and
vessels
of
small
burden
.
There
lieth
a
shoald
amiddest
the
entrie
of
the
hauen
,
wheare
it
is
alwayes
very
troublesome
,
and
may
be
sayld
about
.
S.
Ander
lieth
foure
Dutch
leagues
from
S.
Anthonies
mount
:
hale
along
the
west
shoare
vntill
you
come
to
the
great
rocke
,
whereon
standeth
a
little
house
,
on
eyther
side
whereof
you
may
saile
in
.
S.
Anders
hauen
stretcheth
in
from
the
entrance
Northwest
,
and
hath
6.
or
7.
fatham
water
.
Foure
Dutch
leagues
from
S.
Ander
lieth
S.
Martyns
.
It
is
very
narrow
as
you
come
in
and
a
bard
hauen
,
and
parteth
it selfe
inwardes
into
two
litle
streames
.
Fiue
dutch
leagues
by
west
of
S.
Martyns
standeth
S.
Vincents
whose
hauen
also
is
bard
,
and
hath
a
Rocke
standinge
westward
of
the
entree
,
and
a
little
fillet
or
riffe
of
sand
from
the
East
poyncte
:
you
must
sayle
in
betweene
this
sande
,
and
the
rocke
,
where
it
is
narrow
,
but
within
it
is
a
round
hauen
,
mayntained
by
a
little
riuer
.
Three
Dutch
leagues
westward
lyeth
Lhanes
likewise
a
bard
hauen
,
on
the
East
side
of
which
lyeth
a
banke
:
sayle
in
on
the
west
side
of
it
,
there
is
likewise
a
little
riuer
.
In
these
countries
is
great
store
of
wooll
,
Iron
,
Chesse-nuttes
,
Orenges
,
Steele
,
and
Rosin
,
of
all
which
thinges
there
is
great
traffique
.
THE
SEA
COASTES
of
Byscuy
betweene
Laredo
and
〈◊〉
euen
as
they
shew
when
you
pass
before
them
A
TRVE
DESCRIPTION
OF
THE
SEA
COASTES
BETWEENE
Rio
de
Sella
,
and
Auiles
.
SIx
Dutch
leagues
Westward
of
L'hanes
lieth
Rio
de
Sella
.
If
you
will
enter
the
hauen
,
marke
the
maste
which
standeth
vpon
the
Easterne
shoare
,
neere
which
you
must
enter
,
because
the
west
side
is
rockie
and
daungerous
inwardes
.
And
being
past
the
mast
anker
before
the
towne
:
it
is
a
bard
hauen
.
Villa
viciosa
beareth
10.
Dutch
leagues
westward
of
Rio
de
Sella
,
you
must
come
in
by
the
westerne
shoare
,
because
the
Easterne
is
flat
and
perillous
.
Right
within
the
mouthe
of
the
hauen
you
shall
finde
a
little
shoald
,
which
appeareth
at
a
lowe
ebbe
,
this
is
likewise
a
bard
hauen
.
The
towne
standeth
on
the
west
side
,
whither
you
may
sayle
,
&
anker
in
the
largest
place
.
Six
leagues
from
Villa
viciosa
westward
lieth
Sanpsons
cape
,
and
on
the
East
side
therof
standeth
a
little
Island
with
a
small
tower
:
betweene
these
two
is
goodharborough
,
and
faire
ground
to
anker
in
at
6.
or
7.
fatham
:
on
the
westside
of
Sanpson
euen
right
before
the
litle
porte
is
likewise
good
riding
in
6.
or
7.
fatham
.
Westward
of
Sanpson
lieth
Gyon
hauing
a
peere
of
stone
,
vnder
which
Th'
inhabitantes
doe
lay
their
fisher
boates
:
A
good
Dutch
mile
from
thence
westward
is
the
bay
of
Tores
,
where
is
safe
harbarough
,
and
8.
or
9.
fatham
water
.
On
the
cape
standeth
an
high
tower
.
Two
leagues
farther
westward
lyeth
Cape
de
Pennas
,
from
whence
a
rewe
of
rockes
stretcheth
out
into
the
sea
.
Two
leagues
from
thence
standeth
Auiles
,
the
best
porte
of
all
these
coastes
:
On
the
Eastside
therof
is
a
chapple
,
neare
vnto
the
point
you
must
passe
,
vntill
you
are
within
two
rockes
,
where
it
is
wide
and
broad
.
By
the
west
poynt
there
runneth
vp
a
little
sandy
riffe
along
the
shoare
,
reaching
inwardes
by
the
hauen
towardes
the
towne
,
where
it
is
very
shoaldie
on
both
sides
,
and
on
the
westside
of
the
hauen
lie
two
great
rocks
right
against
the
little
Church
,
that
standeth
by
the
sandy
bay
.
There
is
in
these
coastes
farre
greater
plentie
and
store
of
fruits
,
wines
,
and
other
good
marchandises
,
than
is
in
Biscay
.
The
Mappe
of
the
Sea
Coastes
of
Biscay
betweene
Rio
de
Sella
&
Auiles
,
verie
naughty
hauens
for
great
shippes
Iodocus
Hondiusfe
.
A
DESCRIPTION
OF
THE
SEA
COASTES
OF
RIBA
DEOS
,
BIVIERO
,
AND
LVARCA
.
FRom
Auiles
vnto
Luarca
,
are
six
dutch
leagues
South-west
and
by
west
,
it
is
an
hauen
for
small
ships
and
stretcheth
Southeast
inwards
,
the
Eastside
is
dangerous
,
but
the
west
is
good
and
faire
.
Riba
Deos
,
beareth
Southwest
and
by
west
from
Luarca
,
and
is
a
good
hauen
for
all
ships
:
westward
of
it
standeth
a
sharpe
steeple
,
and
a
little
from
thence
into
the
sea
lieth
a
hidden
rocke
:
when
you
enter
the
mouth
of
the
hauen
two
other
Towers
come
in
sight
at
the
west
side
of
the
hauen
,
the
one
on
high
,
the
other
below
nigh
the
shoare
:
Then
conde
thorow
the
very
middest
of
the
channell
vntill
you
come
against
the
second
or
farthest
tower
within
the
hauen
:
where
you
may
anker
on
both
sides
at
your
pleasure
:
But
the
west
side
is
deeper
contayning
4.
5.
or
6.
fatham
euen
vp
to
Riba
Deos
,
which
standeth
vpon
a
great
bay
.
The
Cape
of
Brilo
is
six
leagues
Northwest
from
Riba
Deos.
westward
from
this
cape
standeth
S.
Ciprian
,
ouer
agaynst
which
lie
two
great
round
rockes
.
A
league
thence
westward
,
standeth
an
Island
thwart
the
mouth
of
the
hauen
of
Biuiero
,
which
you
may
sayle
about
on
both
sides
:
yet
best
roming
in
,
is
on
the
west
side
:
where
being
cleere
of
the
poynt
,
you
may
anker
at
6.
or
7.
fatham
.
Two
leagues
to
the
west
of
S.
Ciprian
is
S.
Marks
roade
,
which
is
a
faire
bay
.
Two
leagues
from
thence
is
a
little
hauen
called
Quirins
,
which
on
the
west
side
is
full
of
rockes
,
but
on
the
East
side
faire
and
good
to
enter
at
.
Three
leagues
from
Quirin
lieth
the
Cape
of
Ortegall
where
also
standeth
a
Castle
,
neere
which
you
haue
safe
roade
for
a
west
and
a
Southwest
wind
.
This
countrey
yeeldeth
great
plentie
of
the
best
wynes
of
Ribadeos
aswell
red
as
claret
,
and
likewise
aboundance
of
Orenges
,
Apples
,
Peares
,
Chessenuttes
and
other
fruites
:
all
which
are
both
comfortable
and
wholsome
for
mans
body
.
THE
SEA
COASTES
of
Gallicia
from
Cape
of
Auiles
vnto
Ortegal
.
A
PERFECT
DESCRIPTION
OF
CORVNNA
CALLED
THE
GROYNE
,
FEROLES
,
and
Monsej
the
cheefest
portes
of
Gallicia
.
THe
hauen
of
Siguera
beareth
three
dutche
leagues
South
westward
from
Ortegall
,
it
stretcheth
inward
South
east
,
and
is
a
good
Porte
,
the
Southside
thereof
hath
a
low
point
,
and
is
good
,
but
the
Northside
is
all
rockie
and
fowle
gound
.
You
must
anker
before
you
come
to
the
village
of
Siguera
.
Foure
dutche
leagues
westwarde
from
thence
lieth
Cape
de
Prior
,
which
reacheth
out
into
the
sea
.
Two
dutch
leagues
farther
southward
you
haue
the
hauen
of
Feroles
,
vpon
the
northside
therof
are
2.
or
3.
sandie
Bayes
,
of
which
the
most
Southerly
is
the
greatest
,
whervpon
do
stande
a
house
or
two
,
when
you
are
come
nigh
the
house
,
then
appeareth
vnto
you
somewhat
Southerly
the
hauen
of
Feroles
,
where
you
may
sayle
in
at
the
middest
of
the
water
,
and
beynge
cleare
of
the
North
corner
,
geuynge
it
a
little
bieth
,
anker
in
the
Channell
at
12.
fatham
,
for
before
the
village
it self
it
is
flat
and
rockie
.
The
south
poynt
of
Feroles
stretcheth
far
outward
,
and
is
full
of
rockes
:
you
may
set
out
from
Feroles
to
Corunna
,
South
,
and
South
and
by
East
,
vntill
you
be
somwhat
within
the
towre
,
which
standeth
vpon
a
round
Hill
or
Cliffe
.
Then
shall
you
see
on
the
starborde
side
a
litle
Island
wherein
standeth
a
litle
Church
called
S.
Blase
,
hale
alonge
a
Cables
length
of
it
,
and
anker
before
the
towne
at
6.
or
7.
fatham
.
If
you
will
runne
into
the
Channell
of
Coruna
from
the
Island
Cyzarga
(
called
by
the
Fleminges
Caesarea
)
you
must
shape
your
course
East
south
east
about
5.
leagues
,
vntill
you
are
within
sight
of
the
towre
which
standeth
on
the
west
coast
of
the
lande
:
for
then
shall
you
keepe
4.
or
5.
Cables
length
of
the
shore
,
and
may
holde
on
your
course
in
the
Chanel
right
South
east
4.
or
5.
leagues
:
(
and
beinge
past
Corunna
)
may
cast
anker
at
Fontenne
or
Pytance
,
on
the
west
side
vnder
a
rew
of
Rockes
at
10.
or
12.
fatham
water
.
And
ouer
agaynst
Corunna
East
north
east
standeth
a
cittie
called
Puente
de
Mas
,
where
you
may
also
anker
at
10.
or
12.
fatham
.
There
haue
you
likewise
on
the
northside
a
rew
of
Rockes
,
and
ouer
the
Riuer
a
great
Bridge
.
There
lieth
an
Hauen
called
Queres
South
south
west
,
and
South
and
by
west
,
of
the
Island
Cyzarga
,
whose
entrie
is
fayre
:
after
you
are
entred
you
must
turne
in
westward
a
great
half
league
,
and
may
anker
there
at
8.
or
9.
fatham
in
the
channell
.
Seuen
dutch
leagues
westward
of
Cyzarga
lieth
the
east
poynt
of
Monsei
or
C.
de
Bellem
,
neare
which
you
may
sayle
to
Monsei
South
south
east
,
and
Southeast
and
by
south
.
If
you
wil
come
in
thither
from
the
west
,
keepe
the
cape
of
Corrian
called
the
Groyne
without
Cape
de
conde
two
ships
lengths
,
vntil
you
may
see
Marikerke
which
stands
on
the
westside
cleare
without
Monsei
poynt
.
Continue
your
course
towardes
Marykerke
through
the
channel
south
east
and
anker
behinde
the
Rokes
before
the
towne
at
8.
or
9.
fatham
.
Yet
shall
you
not
saile
into
Monsei
before
Marykerke
be
seene
without
the
poynt
of
Monsei
.
There
you
may
likewise
anker
on
the
Northside
of
the
hauen
at
6.
or
7.
fatham
.
On
the
Southside
of
the
towne
of
Monsei
,
there
is
a
Bay
,
before
which
lieth
a
shoald
East
north
east
about
two
cables
length
thwart
the
hauen
.
Marykerke
lieth
from
Monsei
North
and
by
East
,
but
it
lieth
East
North
east
from
the
Shingles
.
When
you
come
from
Sea
,
if
Marykerke
be
from
you
South
east
,
you
may
enter
at
the
west
side
of
the
rockes
:
the
rocks
lie
from
Monsei
South
west
and
by
south
:
but
the
inner
end
of
the
rockes
beareth
South
and
by
west
.
The
Cape
de
Finisterre
,
and
Monte
Lauro
,
lie
from
eache
other
South
east
,
and
North
west
,
and
the
Rockes
betwixt
them
beare
South
south
east
.
There
is
a
Bay
betweene
the
Capes
of
Finisterre
and
Corrian
,
where
eastward
of
the
great
Rocke
you
may
anker
before
the
sandie
Bay
at
6.
or
7.
fatham
.
A
litle
dutch
league
to
the
Eastward
of
Finisterre
beareth
the
hauen
of
Corcouia
,
which
the
Fleminges
call
Corco
baiona
:
It
stretcheth
inwards
to
the
North
,
where
you
may
cast
anker
in
the
channel
at
the
sandy
Bay
in
8.
or
9.
Fatham
.
These
Coastes
or
Portes
do
yelde
like
Marchandises
and
Fruites
as
the
aforesayd
coastes
of
Riba
deos
&c.
They
take
besides
at
certaine
seasons
euery
yeare
a
wonderfull
great
quantitie
of
whales
,
to
their
great
profit
and
commoditie
.
The
mappe
'
of
the
sea
coastes
of
Galicia
and
of
Octugall
Vntill
you
bee
paste
the
Cape
of
Finisterre
,
Euen
as
it
is
scituated
and
as
it
appeereth
When
you
comme
sailinge
alongst
Out
of
the
Spannishe
Sea
A
TRVE
DECLARATION
OF
THE
SEA
COASTES
OF
GALLITIA
FROM
the
Cape
de
Finisterre
beyonde
Camino
.
IF
you
will
sayle
into
Muros
or
Moores
,
set
Montelauro
called
Mounteluer
Northeast
and
by
East
from
you
,
holde
then
on
towardes
Montelauro
,
and
you
shall
go
cleare
of
the
Rockes
that
he
on
both
sides
,
but
borow
most
of
the
south
side
,
because
that
is
the
salfest
.
But
when
you
come
neare
Montelauro
,
you
shall
see
many
high
Rockes
,
which
you
must
leaue
on
the
larebord
side
three
cables
length
,
and
so
go
in
.
South
south
east
of
Montelauro
you
haue
a
blinde
Rocke
in
the
middest
of
the
Channell
,
which
you
must
leaue
on
the
starbord
side
.
But
when
the
Towne
that
lieth
in
Northwards
of
Montelauro
cometh
full
open
vnto
you
,
then
are
you
past
this
blinde
Rocke
,
which
lieth
South
and
by
East
,
somwhat
more
Easterly
of
the
East
ende
of
the
towne
.
You
must
shunne
the
first
poynt
within
Montelauro
,
two
Cables
length
of
,
and
hauyng
past
the
other
poynt
,
beare
in
Northwardes
to
the
towne
which
is
on
the
starbord
side
.
The
citie
Muros
standeth
on
the
west
side
of
the
hauen
,
where
you
may
anker
at
.12
.
or
.13
.
fatham
.
But
if
you
will
enter
the
Riuer
of
Roxo
,
you
must
set
Southwarde
without
the
cape
of
Muros
,
for
there
are
many
rockes
stretching
out
into
the
sea
on
the
Northside
of
the
hauen
of
Roxo
,
which
you
cannot
saile
between
.
Wherefore
holde
on
till
you
be
south
of
the
great
rocke
,
and
hauing
left
all
the
rockes
on
your
Larebordside
or
to
the
seawards
,
continue
your
course
between
the
firme
lande
and
the
rocke
,
vntill
you
may
see
the
hauen
open
before
you
.
Then
must
you
passe
vp
in
the
middest
of
the
channell
vnto
the
Island
Roxo
,
and
there
anker
where
you
please
.
But
on
the
Southside
are
2.
or
3.
bayes
where
is
good
anker
holde
.
If
you
will
go
to
Puente
Vedra
set
in
on
the
Southside
of
the
Isle
Blidedones
,
which
is
a
very
flat
land
,
lying
in
length
East
north
east
about
two
dutch
leagues
:
then
shall
you
come
to
a
little
Island
in
the
middest
of
the
Hauen
,
which
you
shall
leaue
on
the
Larboorde
.
To
the
Southward
of
it
you
may
perceaue
a
towre
on
the
mayne
lande
,
before
which
you
must
sayle
,
and
anker
at
7.
or
8.
fatham
.
Foure
dutch
leagues
from
Puente
vedra
lie
the
Islandes
of
Bayon
,
which
to
such
as
come
out
of
the
sea
,
shew
like
gray
rockes
,
or
cliffes
.
If
you
will
go
in
at
the
North-side
,
your
course
lieth
in
midde
water
,
betweene
these
Islandes
,
and
the
mayne
lande
,
vntill
the
channell
of
Cannas
or
Cangas
and
Vigo
be
opened
vnto
you
:
then
go
Eastwarde
in
.
The
Hauen
is
fayre
and
large
,
you
may
ride
on
both
sides
,
either
before
Vigo
or
Cangas
:
and
may
likewise
go
farther
in
beyonde
the
South
poynte
to
Rondello
,
where
both
shippe
and
lading
may
be
salfe
in
the
Oase
without
cable
or
anker
.
But
if
you
will
sayle
in
by
the
south
Island
of
Bayone
,
your
course
lieth
in
the
middest
of
the
channell
between
the
sayd
Island
and
the
mayne
land
,
vntill
you
are
cleare
of
the
poynt
of
Bayon
.
Then
set
towards
the
East
poynt
of
Boyon
,
wherevpon
standeth
a
castle
afterwards
turne
southwarde
behinde
the
Castle
to
the
cittie
,
where
you
may
anker
at
6.
or
7.
fatham
.
You
may
also
crosse
ouer
thence
to
Vigo
,
betwixt
the
poynte
and
the
Islande
or
Rocke
that
lieth
in
the
other
side
of
the
hauen
at
3.
or
4.
fatham
.
But
if
you
will
sayle
from
the
southermost
Islande
to
Vigo
or
Cangas
,
holde
on
two
leagues
Northeast
vntill
you
may
see
thorough
between
the
mayne
and
the
North
Island
,
and
that
the
cittie
of
Cangas
appeare
without
the
corner
,
which
is
on
the
North
side
of
the
hauen
.
Then
ariseth
a
low
point
on
the
starboord
side
,
holde
on
in
the
middest
of
the
channell
between
the
sayd
point
,
&
the
North
land
,
where
you
may
anker
in
what
place
you
please
:
both
on
the
Southside
before
Vigo
,
and
on
the
North
side
before
Cangas
in
12.
or
13.
fatham
.
These
countries
and
portes
yeld
great
aboundance
of
Orenges
,
Chestnuts
,
and
very
small
wines
.
And
thither
is
carried
great
quantitie
of
Corne
,
to
the
great
benefit
and
behoofe
of
many
Marchaunts
and
Marriners
.
A
DESCRIPTION
OF
THE
SEA
COASTES
OF
Galicia
beginning
from
Cap
de
finisterre
Vnto
Camino
,
Donne
According
Vnto
the
true
Situation
&
appearing
Thereof
*
1588
*
A
PERFECT
DESCRIPTION
OF
THE
SEA
COSTES
OF
THE
NORTH
PART
of
Portugale
viz.
from
Viana
,
to
cape
de
Montego
.
ABout
three
dutch
leagues
to
the
Southward
of
Bayone
standeth
a
monastery
vpon
the
strand
.
Fiue
Dutch
leagues
from
hence
is
the
riuer
of
Viana
called
Rio
de
Lymas
,
at
the
entry
wherof
lyeth
a
notable
ledge
of
rocks
.
That
you
may
goe
cleare
of
the
same
,
hold
on
still
Southward
,
vntill
the
two
fire
or
watch
Towers
which
stand
vpon
South-land
be
brought
in
one
.
For
by
these
markes
you
may
hale
along
the
shoare
in
4.
or
5.
fatham
,
vntill
the
two
houses
and
the
little
steeple
which
you
see
vpon
the
Northside
of
the
land
be
brought
together
.
Then
hold
on
so
alongest
the
shoare
on
the
East
side
of
the
rocke
whereon
standeth
a
mast
,
vntil
the
riuer
lie
open
before
you
.
Then
saile
inwards
on
the
South
side
of
the
second
rocke
,
whereon
also
standeth
a
maste
.
Then
crossing
vp
Northward
to
Viana
anker
at
7.
or
8.
fatham
.
In
the
very
entrie
lieth
a
barre
,
whereon
is
two
fatham
water
.
Fiue
Dutch
leagues
South
of
Viana
standeth
Villa
del
Conde
,
and
at
the
entrie
of
that
hauen
are
many
rockes
,
rounde
about
which
you
may
safely
passe
in
5.
or
6.
fatham
depth
.
Farther
inward
lieth
a
barre
or
a
shoald
thwarting
all
the
mouth
of
the
hauen
and
hath
2.
fatham
water
,
the
deepest
place
in
all
the
hauen
is
not
aboue
3.
or
4.
fatham
,
but
the
best
depth
is
to
the
Southward
.
It
is
a
bard
hauen
,
and
in
the
North
part
,
full
of
rockes
and
sandes
.
Three
leagues
Southward
of
Villa
del
Conde
lie
the
great
high
rockes
of
Lesons
halfe
a
league
to
the
Northward
of
the
riuer
of
Port
de
Port
,
called
Rio
Duero
,
betwixt
which
rockes
and
the
mayne
,
you
may
saile
in
on
both
sides
,
and
there
ride
at
6.
or
7.
fatham
,
for
the
ground
is
very
good
for
ankering
.
There
lieth
a
rocke
vnder
water
halfe
a
league
Southwest
of
the
west
corner
of
the
said
rocks
.
The
porte
of
Metellyn
,
lieth
within
the
foresaid
high
rockes
,
being
a
bard
hauen
of
2.
fatham
.
A
league
Southward
of
Lesons
rockes
,
lieth
the
Riuer
Port
de
Port.
into
which
you
must
hale
on
the
Northside
,
keeping
all
the
rockes
Northward
of
the
riuer
,
and
saile
along
the
South
shoare
East
and
by
North
,
vntill
you
are
cleare
of
the
rocke
whereon
standeth
a
crosse
,
then
fare
you
forward
in
the
middest
of
the
riuer
to
the
citie
Port
de
port
.
Inwardes
it
is
10.
or
12.
fatham
,
but
the
entrie
is
onely
3.
or
4.
fatham
deepe
,
at
halfe
floud
.
You
may
enter
likewise
on
the
South
side
along
the
shoare
,
where
at
high
water
there
is
3.
fatham
.
From
Port
de
port
to
Aueiro
is
8.
leagues
,
all
the
coast
alongst
the
shoare
is
downes
.
About
the
mouth
of
Aueiro
are
ragged
downes
,
and
may
hale
along
the
strand
at
10.
or
12.
fatham
:
when
the
high
blacke
hill
within
the
land
beareth
East
and
by
South
from
you
:
then
are
you
in
the
entrie
and
right
before
Aueiro
riuer
.
when
you
are
come
in
6.
or
7.
fatham
water
,
you
shall
see
three
mastes
standing
vpon
the
shoare
,
which
you
must
keepe
togither
,
bearing
inwardes
East
and
by
South
,
and
East
South
east
,
vntill
you
come
neare
the
shoare
,
where
these
mastes
stand
by
the
sand
bancks
.
Then
set
Northward
,
and
holding
on
neare
the
North
shoare
,
leaue
all
the
flattes
on
the
starreboord
,
vntill
you
haue
the
riuer
open
before
you
.
Then
turne
in
againe
East
South
east
vp
to
Aueiro
,
in
the
middest
of
the
channell
,
betwene
both
the
coasts
.
At
the
entrance
vpon
the
shoald
at
halfe
floud
,
you
haue
but
2.
fatham
,
vntill
you
are
within
it
,
where
you
haue
5.
or
6.
fatham
depth
.
Fiue
Dutch
leagues
Southward
of
Aueiro
beareth
the
Cape
de
Montego
,
and
a
eague
to
the
Southward
of
that
Cape
,
lieth
the
bard
hauen
Pisage
:
halfe
a
league
to
the
westward
from
thence
in
the
sea
lieth
a
bancke
conteining
6.
fatham
water
,
vnder
which
you
may
ride
at
12.
or
13.
fatham
.
Vnder
the
Burlynges
which
are
pourtraied
in
the
next
Table
,
you
may
cast
anker
at
10.
fatham
right
against
the
Hermitage
,
where
you
haue
very
faire
ground
.
These
countries
yeeld
store
of
wines
,
Oringes
,
Oyle
,
and
Oliues
,
and
much
good
Salte
is
carried
from
Aueiro
.
But
the
citie
of
port
de
port
is
the
chiefest
Towne
of
traffique
in
all
these
coastes
.
map of coastal Portugal
THE
SEA
COASTES
OF
Portugal
betwene
Camino
&
Montego
,
euen
as
the
Countrie
there
aboutes
is
lying
and
situated
with
all
the
hauens
thereof
Exactly
donne
,
and
corected
with
great
dilligence
.
A
PERFECT
DESCRIPTION
OF
THE
SEA
COASTES
OF
THE
MOST
notable
part
of
Portugall
.
viz.
from
the
Burlinges
to
beyond
Sainct
Vues
.
THe
Cape
of
Roxent
beareth
12.
leagues
South
and
by
East
,
and
South
south-east
from
the
Burlings
.
About
a
league
to
the
Eastward
of
Roxent
lieth
the
Roade
called
Cascals
:
where
against
a
North
wind
you
may
anker
at
10.
or
12.
fatham
.
If
you
wil
from
Cascals
into
the
riuer
of
Lysbone
,
hale
along
the
north
shore
bearing
a
loofe
from
the
first
blacke
poynte
,
about
a
cables
length
.
Then
go
towards
S.
Gyles
poynt
a
quarter
of
a
Cables
length
of
it
:
but
take
heed
you
enter
not
in
a
calme
and
a
low
ebbe
,
because
the
tide
setteth
strongly
vpon
the
northern
shoalde
,
called
the
north
Malechopos
or
Katchupps
:
when
you
are
within
S.
Gyles
,
beare
alongest
the
North
shoare
,
vntil
you
are
past
the
castell
called
Restiers
,
or
Rastels
,
and
anker
at
12.
or
13.
fatham
,
before
the
Towne
called
Bolin
.
But
if
you
will
sayle
in
the
channell
called
the
Craeck
deepe
,
or
great
deepe
of
Lisbone
,
set
the
west
poynt
of
Roxent
right
against
Cas-cals
,
vntill
the
abbey
which
standeth
vpon
the
hill
westward
of
Restiers
aunswereth
to
the
little
tower
which
beareth
Northwardes
vpon
the
land
:
Then
goe
so
towardes
the
Abbey
of
S.
Katherynes
almost
North-east
,
and
North-east
and
by
East
,
vntill
on
your
Larbord
side
you
haue
two
third
partes
of
the
riuer
.
Continue
then
your
course
towards
Restiers
,
vntill
you
are
past
the
castell
,
where
you
may
anker
at
your
pleasure
.
But
if
through
the
Craicke
deepe
you
will
turne
in
or
out
vpon
a
board
,
bring
the
said
little
Tower
two
mastes
length
westward
and
the
like
distance
to
the
northward
of
the
sayd
Abbey
,
and
euery
time
when
you
haue
brought
your
markes
after
this
sort
,
turne
the
shippe
,
vntill
you
come
to
S.
Katherynes
bay
.
But
if
you
will
set
towardes
the
Bankes
of
S.
Vues
or
S.
Toous
,
keepe
the
first
poynt
lying
to
the
westward
of
Zizembre
a
shippes
length
without
the
point
that
beareth
Eastward
of
it
,
vntill
you
see
a
white
house
appeare
ouer
agaynst
the
castell
that
standes
on
the
shoare
:
Then
may
you
discouer
the
castell
of
Palmedo
in
a
great
valley
:
keepe
these
markes
after
this
maner
,
and
goe
North
Northeast
and
North-east
and
by
North
,
vntill
you
are
past
the
aforesayde
castell
on
the
shoare
.
And
from
thence
hale
along
that
shoare
at
a
cables
length
to
S.
Vues
.
In
the
banks
of
S.
Vues
lie
7.
shoaldes
or
barres
,
which
at
full
sea
haue
4.
fatham
water
.
On
the
South-side
these
bankes
are
drie
,
and
doe
for
the
moste
part
shewe
aboue
water
.
The
entrie
along
the
South
coastes
is
onely
for
Barks
,
and
small
vessels
,
anker
neare
the
citie
of
S.
Vues
at
6.
or
7.
fatham
.
In
this
part
of
Portugall
is
so
great
trade
and
varietie
of
traffique
,
that
it
is
hardly
to
be
matched
in
all
Europe
.
For
there
is
great
plentie
of
all
kinde
of
spices
,
suger
,
siluer
,
golde
,
wine
,
oyle
,
salt
,
Iuory
,
cochenille
,
brasill
,
and
innumerable
other
kinds
of
marchandises
,
that
are
brought
thither
out
of
the
Indies
,
and
from
thence
transported
and
dispersed
throughout
all
Europe
.
map of coastal Portugal
THE
SEA
MAPPE
OF
P●●●ugal
wherein
are
situated
the
most
famous
mar●
towne
of
Lisbone
&
St
vues
with
their
Riuers
and
coastes
as
they
show
when
you
saiell
vp
and
downe
them
.
A
PERFECT
DESCRIPTION
OF
THE
SEA
COASTES
OF
ALGARBES
the
Southern
part
of
Portugall
.
AT
the
Cape
of
S.
Vincent
you
haue
salfe
harborow
for
a
North
and
Northwest
winde
:
Two
leagues
from
Lagos
,
lieth
a
great
rock
vnder
water
,
and
a
great
league
Southward
from
Villa
Noua
:
whether
if
yee
will
goe
bring
the
tower
and
the
mast
standing
vpon
the
East
land
,
togither
,
and
holde
alonge
the
shoare
vntil
you
are
past
the
tower
,
then
beare
in
Northward
till
you
come
before
the
citie
of
Villa
Noua
,
where
on
the
South
side
you
haue
a
great
drie
bancke
:
at
the
entrie
or
mouth
is
onely
2.
fatham
water
at
half
floud
,
and
the
north
side
is
ful
of
bancks
and
shoaldes
.
About
6.
leagues
Eastward
beareth
the
citie
Faraon
,
where
,
vpon
the
shoare
standeth
a
light
tower
,
from
the
corner
whereof
lieth
out
a
banck
which
you
must
auoyd
.
Go
in
on
the
East
side
setting
the
tower
on
the
Larbord
,
&
the
shoare
of
Tauilas
on
the
starrebord
side
.
Foure
leagues
Northward
of
Faraon
lieth
Tauilas
,
the
entrance
is
crooked
and
full
of
shoalds
which
you
must
passe
by
obseruyng
the
shoare
markes
,
beacons
,
and
other
signes
before
you
may
enter
.
At
halfe
floud
you
haue
there
not
aboue
10.
or
12.
foote
depth
,
&
euery
yere
the
channell
shifteth
.
Foure
leagues
from
thence
Northward
lieth
Aimont
,
a
good
hauen
,
and
you
may
beare
right
in
from
the
sea
,
or
may
enter
by
the
Eastside
hard
abord
the
shoare
:
within
,
it
is
wide
and
broade
,
you
may
turne
to
Castro-Marin
or
Aimont
,
where
you
may
anker
at
5.
or
6.
fatham
,
as
you
shall
thinke
best
.
Fiue
leagues
further
Eastward
you
haue
the
channell
of
L'epe
which
doth
chaunge
almost
euery
yeare
.
Two
leagues
Eastward
from
thence
lieth
the
entrie
of
S.
Michael
where
you
may
come
directly
in
from
the
sea
,
&
then
from
S.
Michaels
with
litle
barkes
you
may
passe
the
shoaldes
to
L'epe
or
Cartaya
,
where
you
may
take
in
the
good
Bastard
wine
.
These
Hauens
doe
yeeld
figges
,
oyle
,
corke
,
and
wines
,
there
is
also
great
store
of
fish
taken
at
Lagos
,
which
is
carried
thorough
the
straightes
of
Gibraltar
,
sold
and
distributed
among
the
most
part
of
the
townes
of
the
Leuant
.
A
Description
of
the
Sea
Coastes
,
of
the
land
of
Algarbe
,
and
a
parte
of
the
Condado
with
their
shew
&
opening
A
PERFECT
DESCRIPTION
OF
THE
SEA
COASTES
AND
HAVENS
OF
ANDALVZIA
.
SAltees
beareth
4.
leagues
Eastward
from
S.
Michaell
,
you
may
saile
by
it
,
to
the
great
Condado
,
and
may
goe
in
by
the
west
entrance
,
and
keepe
Guelua
,
which
we
call
the
Vuoolfe
,
ouer
the
Easterne
point
of
the
hauen
,
bearing
inwardes
to
Saltees
.
But
if
you
will
enter
by
the
land
side
,
then
must
you
beare
in
with
the
west
ende
of
the
white
cliffe
:
hale
then
a
cables
length
off
alongest
the
shoare
by
the
great
tree
,
that
standeth
westward
of
the
cliffe
,
keepyng
still
the
point
of
the
hauen
right
ouer
against
the
Tower
of
Odier
,
vntill
you
are
cleare
of
the
Island
.
Then
set
Northward
to
Palos
,
where
you
may
anker
at
5.
or
6.
fatham
.
Saltees
lieth
8.
leagues
from
Chipiona
South-east
:
you
may
heere
enter
the
riuer
of
S.
Lucar
de
Barrameda
called
Guadalgueuir
two
cables
length
from
the
shoare
:
and
when
you
are
cleare
of
the
second
shoalde
,
giue
it
a
birth
of
the
South
shoare
,
vntill
the
Abbey
,
and
the
great
tree
are
one
:
then
holde
on
to
S.
Lucyfers
Church
commonly
called
S.
Lucar
de
Barrameda
.
To
get
the
true
depth
and
channell
of
the
riuer
set
the
said
great
tree
right
ouer
the
East-end
of
the
Abbey
,
and
so
may
you
enter
or
goe
forth
.
But
when
Chipiona
beareth
South
Southwest
from
you
,
and
the
castell
and
tower
are
one
,
then
are
you
neare
the
first
blinde
rocke
or
shoalde
.
The
markes
of
the
rocke
that
lieth
in
the
entrance
of
S.
Lucars
channell
are
,
when
the
windmill
and
the
white
Frierie
are
brought
togither
on
the
East-side
of
S.
Lucar
,
for
then
should
you
by
sayling
forwardes
strike
vpon
the
rocke
.
wherefore
keepe
the
windmill
fiue
foote
distant
Northward
of
the
Abbey
,
and
then
shall
you
enter
in
the
best
of
the
channell
,
which
at
halfe
tide
is
4.
fatham
deepe
.
within
,
it
is
wide
and
broade
,
anker
there
at
10.
or
12.
fatham
before
the
little
Church
which
standeth
on
the
North
shoare
.
Calis-malis
lyeth
South-east
from
Chipiona
7.
leagues
,
there
haue
you
the
entrie
wide
&
broad
.
You
may
sayle
in
about
two
cables
length
of
the
Puercos
,
which
lie
about
half
a
league
from
the
North
corner
of
Calis
.
About
a
great
halfe
league
North-east
and
by
North
from
thence
lieth
a
rocke
vnder
water
called
the
Diamant
:
then
appeareth
S.
Maryes
little
Church
betweene
two
great
highe
hilles
.
If
you
will
go
farther
in
then
Calis
,
hold
on
South-east
beyond
Puntall
,
where
is
good
harborough
for
all
winds
.
Calis
bay
is
wide
and
broad
and
of
15.
or
16.
fatham
depth
.
A
North-west
winde
beateth
full
vpon
it
.
From
Calis
to
the
straight
of
Gibraltar
you
haue
eight
leagues
:
and
three
leagues
thence
to
the
hauen
or
roade
of
Gibraltar
,
which
is
a
very
fayre
bay
,
and
is
able
to
conteyne
many
ships
.
About
the
poynt
of
Tariffa
or
the
streight
,
halfe
a
league
from
lande
,
lyeth
a
shoalde
no
deeper
then
1½
.
fatham
,
which
you
must
bee
heedefull
to
auoyde
.
These
countries
bring
foorth
all
kindes
of
the
best
wines
,
fruites
,
and
other
Marchandises
,
as
Seckes
,
Bastarde
,
and
Romany
,
Figges
,
Reasins
,
Oyle
,
Oliues
,
Pomegranets
,
Cytherons
,
or
Orenges
,
Sugar
,
Skinnes
of
India
,
and
great
plentie
of
the
best
Salt
.
map of coastal Andalusia
THE
SEA
COASTES
of
Andaluzia
made
according
vnto
the
right
situation
thereof
eauen
as
they
appeare
&
open
with
their
Riuers
and
hauens
A
DECLARATION
OF
THE
SEA
CHART
FROM
THE
FARTHEST
part
of
England
to
Plimouth
.
IF
comming
out
of
the
East
,
you
are
bound
with
the
Sorlinges
,
shape
your
course
in
by
the
Easterne
shore
at
8.
or
9.
fatham
.
There
is
a
Bulwarke
or
sconce
before
the
castell
:
And
thence
off
a
little
waye
lieth
a
rocke
vnder
water
,
you
may
sayle
betwixt
it
and
the
Bulwarke
.
On
the
west
side
of
the
hauen
are
two
rockes
,
keepe
them
in
one
,
and
goe
neare
the
North
shoare
,
so
shall
you
safely
sayle
without
the
poynt
in
10.
fatham
,
but
take
heede
you
come
no
nearer
.
To
go
cleare
of
the
rocke
that
lieth
in
the
entrance
,
set
the
northerne
rocke
northward
of
the
other
rocke
,
so
much
as
you
may
see
thorough
them
,
and
then
are
you
on
the
North-side
of
the
rocke
that
lieth
in
the
entrie
.
And
when
you
are
past
the
rockes
that
are
aboue
water
,
turne
Northward
neare
the
castell
,
and
anker
at
8.
or
9.
fatham
.
If
you
wil
go
from
the
Lysarde
to
Monsbay
,
hold
on
west
North-west
,
vntill
you
see
the
castell
in
Monsbay
vpon
a
high
round
rocke
.
Then
beare
into
the
Bay
,
right
on
the
west
side
of
the
castell
,
vntill
you
discerne
a
litle
Island
nigh
the
west
coast
,
wherevpon
are
two
sharpe
steeples
like
vnto
watch-towers
or
beakons
.
And
goe
so
into
the
Bay
nigh
to
that
Island
or
rocke
,
(
for
there
alongest
it
is
cleare
)
leauing
the
castell
a
good
way
on
your
starrebord
side
.
by
reason
of
the
rockes
adioyning
.
When
you
are
past
the
Island
,
you
shall
see
a
great
sandy
bay
,
where
you
may
anker
in
7.
or
8.
fatham
.
But
the
best
of
the
roade
agaynst
a
South
&
South
South-east
winde
is
at
6.
or
7.
fatham
.
If
you
will
sayle
to
Fallmouth
,
hale
inwardes
alongest
the
Easterne
shoare
two
cables
off
,
that
you
may
be
cleare
of
the
blinde
rocke
that
lieth
in
the
entrie
.
Beyond
the
hauen
standes
a
high
wood
,
which
you
must
keepe
beyond
the
Northerne
poynt
of
the
west
land
.
By
that
wood
are
two
chalky
marks
,
which
you
must
likewise
keepe
aboue
the
sayd
poynt
,
then
beare
towards
the
middest
of
the
high
west
land
,
where
you
may
anker
at
15.
fatham
,
at
the
northerne
poynt
of
the
high
land
:
But
if
you
will
runne
farther
in
,
plie
Eastward
towardes
the
Bay
,
and
when
you
are
cleare
of
the
shoald
which
reacheth
downe
from
the
Easterne
tower
inwards
towardes
the
middest
along
the
hauen
,
there
anker
within
the
bancke
neare
the
East
land
at
8.
or
10.
fatham
.
Foy
standeth
also
in
a
great
Bay
,
beeing
a
bard
hauen
,
where
on
each
side
standes
a
tower
.
Beare
in
betweene
both
shoares
.
But
on
the
west-side
the
water
is
broader
betweene
the
stakes
and
the
tower
which
standeth
on
the
west
coast
.
But
if
you
will
hale
in
along
the
west
shoare
within
the
stakes
,
bearing
a
little
off
from
the
land
,
holde
about
the
middest
of
the
channell
,
but
nearer
to
the
westward
,
vntill
you
come
before
the
towne
where
at
full
sea
you
haue
depth
enough
.
Here
is
no
great
trade
or
traffique
,
but
for
broad
cloathes
,
kersies
,
and
Tinne
.
The
greatest
part
of
the
inhabitantes
liue
vpon
grasing
,
&
shipping
.
map of coastal England
THE
SEA
COASTES
of
England
,
from
the
Sorlinges
by
the
landes
end
to
Plymouth
with
the
hauens
and
harbrowghes
A
PERFECT
DESCRIPTION
OF
THE
SEA
COASTES
OF
ENGLAND
betweene
Plimouth
and
Portland
.
IF
you
will
sayle
into
the
Sounde
of
Plimouth
and
goe
cleare
of
the
Rocke
,
beare
alongst
hard
by
the
East-side
of
the
Island
wher
it
is
5.
fatham
deepe
at
high
water
,
vntill
you
see
the
Churche
of
Lyme-house
on
the
west-side
of
the
valley
,
for
then
are
you
cleere
of
the
rocke
:
behinde
that
Island
and
vpon
the
maine
lande
of
Plimouth
standeth
a
wall
,
which
if
you
doo
heedefully
marke
and
Lyme-house
Churche
appeare
on
the
North
head
of
the
aforesayd
valley
,
then
shall
you
runne
right
vpon
the
Rocke
,
where
you
haue
but
3.
fatham
at
low
water
:
yet
behinde
the
Island
you
may
anker
in
.12
.
or
13.
fatham
.
But
if
you
will
forwards
into
the
west
harborough
,
set
westward
between
the
Island
&
the
mayne
land
vntill
you
haue
opened
the
west
harborough
hauen
,
then
holde
on
in
the
middest
of
the
channell
between
both
landes
,
vntill
you
are
within
the
west
poynt
,
where
you
may
cast
anker
at
9.
or
10.
fatham
.
When
you
will
sayle
from
the
Cape
called
Ramhead
into
Catwater
,
then
plie
towards
Plimouth
point
vntill
Catwater
lie
open
before
you
,
leaue
the
greater
parte
of
the
water
on
your
starborde
side
,
and
so
sayle
into
the
middest
of
the
channell
,
where
you
may
anker
right
against
the
northland
in
4.
or
5.
fatham
at
a
dead
low
water
:
And
you
may
anker
also
on
the
side
of
the
entrie
vnder
the
Cape
of
Ramhead
Northward
thereof
by
the
shoare
in
10.
fatham
water
for
there
is
cleare
grounde
.
If
your
course
lieth
to
Dartmouth
,
you
shal
diserne
a
red
point
on
the
East-side
of
the
Hauen
,
and
a
blacke
point
at
the
waters
side
.
In
the
Red
poynt
lieth
a
great
white
rocke
:
when
you
haue
brought
this
rocke
right
ouer
the
Black
poynt
,
you
are
harde
abourde
the
Blinde
rocke
,
that
lieth
thwart
the
Channell
of
Dartmouth
,
yet
neerer
to
the
East-ward
.
But
when
you
come
to
discerne
the
Kay
of
the
towne
that
standeth
on
the
East-side
of
the
Hauen
,
keepe
amidst
the
channell
,
vntill
you
may
perfectly
see
the
same
,
then
hale
inwardes
vntill
you
are
within
the
two
Castles
standyng
on
the
hauens
side
,
and
you
shall
go
cleere
of
the
Rocke
.
The
hauen
is
wide
within
:
you
may
turne
westward
and
let
fal
anker
before
the
towne
or
the
Brew-houses
where
you
list
.
Three
leagues
East-ward
from
thence
is
the
road
of
Torbay
,
which
is
very
salfe
for
a
South-west
winde
:
you
may
likewise
anker
on
the
East-side
of
the
start
where
is
good
anker
holde
in
8.
or
9.
fatham
.
Foure
leagues
to
the
Northward
of
Torbay
lyeth
the
bay
of
Tynmouth
a
salfe
harborough
for
a
South
winde
,
where
is
also
good
ground
for
ankering
in
7.
or
8.
fatham
.
If
you
come
out
of
the
west
into
Portland
road
,
holde
on
two
cables
length
off
alongst
Porteland
shoare
:
and
hauing
past
the
poynt
,
turne
westwardes
till
you
come
to
the
castell
:
where
is
good
road
against
a
South
,
and
South
and
by
East
winde
at
7.
or
8.
fatham
.
Northwarde
of
Portland
,
lieth
a
litle
bard
hauen
,
called
Weymouth
,
where
you
may
anker
at
4.
or
5.
fatham
.
If
you
will
ride
vnder
S.
Aldomes
Land
shun
the
Needles
of
Shipmans
poole
,
and
so
saile
into
the
town
,
which
at
a
low
water
you
haue
ankeryng
at
3.
fatham
.
These
Portes
yeeld
almost
nothing
els
but
wooll
and
clothe
:
the
inhabitantes
doe
liue
chiefly
vpon
grazyng
.
map of coastal England
A
DESCRIPTION
OF
THE
Sea
coastes
of
England
.
Betweene
Plymmouth
&
Portland
with
the
,
cheefest
hauens
thereof
according
vnto
theire
Situation
A
PERFECT
DESCRIPTION
OF
THE
SEA
COASTES
BETWEENE
THE
Isle
of
Wight
and
Douer
.
TO
goe
in
at
the
west
end
of
Wight
,
you
must
looke
well
to
the
tide
for
the
flood
sets
very
sore
vpon
the
Needles
,
and
the
ebbe
likewise
westwarde
vpon
the
Shingels
and
Chalkie
Rockes
which
lie
westwardes
of
the
Needles
,
and
it
is
very
narrow
between
the
Needles
and
the
Shingels
,
wherfore
saile
directly
with
the
Needles
very
neere
them
,
and
keepe
the
inner
poynt
of
the
Isle
right
without
the
Needles
:
And
when
you
are
so
come
within
the
Needles
,
beare
somewhat
off
the
Island
between
the
Chesell
&
the
Isles
poynte
,
(
because
of
the
Rockes
called
the
Wardens
,
which
lie
on
Wight-side
neare
the
shore
)
then
turninge
Eastward
ouer
against
Calshorte
,
you
must
cast
anker
in
7.
or
8.
fatham
.
But
if
you
will
enter
at
the
East
ende
of
Wight
,
keepe
the
Castle
right
against
the
Lime-kil
that
lies
aboue
Portesmouth
vntil
that
Culuer
cliffe
come
within
the
point
of
the
Ile
,
for
then
shall
you
haue
brought
the
Lyme-kill
to
the
east
end
of
Portesmouth
:
which
you
must
so
holde
vntill
the
Castle
which
standeth
to
the
westward
of
Portesmouth
doo
appeare
on
the
East
side
of
the
wood
:
and
then
plie
sometimes
towards
Sainct
Helens
Abbey
,
keepyng
your
markes
in
this
sorte
,
you
shall
take
no
hurt
on
the
Shoaldes
or
Sandes
.
But
if
you
cannot
see
the
Limekill
,
then
shall
you
keepe
the
Castle
on
the
west-side
of
Culuer
cliffe
,
vntill
you
haue
brought
S.
Helens
church
with
out
the
poynt
of
the
Island
a
shippes
length
.
Then
may
you
freely
sayle
Northwest
vp
,
without
any
daunger
of
the
Riffe
or
tayle-sand
that
lieth
out
.
Then
keepe
the
square
Towre
between
the
East
ende
of
Portesmouth
and
the
Castle
:
vntill
you
may
see
the
Castle
which
standeth
on
the
west-side
of
Portesmouth
,
Eastward
of
the
wood
:
and
so
may
you
goe
inwardes
.
The
marks
of
these
Shoalds
and
Flats
are
these
.
viz.
The
Castle
standinge
Eastwards
of
Portesmouth
,
and
the
square
towre
,
wherof
I
haue
now
treated
.
When
you
haue
brought
the
Lymekill
so
much
to
the
Eastward
of
the
Castle
,
that
you
may
but
see
betwixt
them
,
then
are
you
vpon
a
litle
shoald
,
which
at
low
water
hath
5.
fatham
and
a
halfe
:
and
then
haue
you
the
Castle
that
standeth
on
the
west
ende
of
Portesmouth
,
at
the
west
corner
of
the
wood
.
But
when
the
square
towre
that
standeth
by
East
of
Portesmouth
is
brought
westward
of
the
Castle
:
then
the
Castle
by
west
of
Portesmouth
standeth
at
the
woods
west
ende
.
You
haue
there
at
high
water
6.
fatham
.
And
when
the
square
towre
is
seen
betwen
the
East
end
of
Portsmouth
and
the
Castle
,
and
the
Castle
standeth
right
betwixt
the
Limekill
and
the
towre
:
&
likewise
when
the
Castle
on
the
west
end
of
Portesmouth
standeth
to
the
Eastwarde
of
the
wood
,
then
haue
you
11.
fatham
at
high
water
.
But
when
the
Limekill
and
Portesmouth
towre
are
one
,
&
the
castle
beareth
westward
of
the
wood
,
then
haue
you
10.
fatham
at
high
water
,
and
lastly
when
S.
Helen
lieth
south
west
and
by
west
from
you
,
then
the
South
east
ende
of
the
shoald
beareth
North
east
,
and
by
north
from
you
.
Three
leagues
Eastward
of
Weenbridge
lieth
Arundel
,
which
is
a
bard
hauen
,
&
at
half
flood
.2
.
fatham
deepe
:
you
must
go
in
by
the
west
coast
,
and
let
fall
your
anker
before
the
towne
in
.5
.
fatham
.
Foure
leagues
from
Arundell
standeth
New
Shoram
,
The
East
side
therof
hath
a
grauelly
Chesell
,
where
alongest
you
may
sayle
in
,
and
in
the
entrie
you
haue
.3
.
fatham
water
at
half
flood
:
in
the
midst
before
the
hauen
lie
rockes
vnder
water
.
The
entrie
on
the
west
side
is
wide
and
broad
,
and
is
at
halfe
flood
2.
fatham
deepe
,
the
hauen
is
large
and
broade
within
,
where
you
may
anker
in
4.
or
5.
fatham
.
If
you
will
sayle
into
the
Cammer
of
Rye
,
shape
your
course
alongst
the
Shingels
:
and
when
you
shal
be
a
Cables
length
of
the
poynt
of
the
Shingels
,
turne
vp
towards
the
Castle
of
Winchelzey
,
leauing
all
the
shore
or
shoald
markes
on
your
starbord
,
then
let
fall
your
Anker
in
the
Riuer
of
Rie
,
called
the
Rother
at
4.
or
5.
fatham
:
for
the
Cammer
where
in
times
past
we
were
wonte
to
lie
is
now
fowle
&
full
of
shoaldes
.
These
countries
yeeld
litle
else
but
wooll
,
Clothe
,
and
Fier-wood
,
which
are
transported
from
thence
.
map of coastal England
THE
SEA
COASTES
OF
ENGLAND
betweene
the
Ile
of
Wight
&
Douer
,
with
the
principal
hauens
thereof
according
to
their
situation
and
Appearing
*