A
Mirrour
for
Maiestrates
of
Citties
.
AFTER
THAT
THE
GOOD
Emperour
Alexander
(
surnamed
)
Seuerus
,
for
his
sharp
correcting
of
vice
,
had
restored
the
authoritie
of
the
Senate
,
and
had
giuen
breathe
vnto
their
good
Lawes
:
of
whom
the
one
sate
without
reuerence
,
and
the
other
were
read
and
not
regarded
,
through
the
inordinate
lyberties
,
and
Priueleadges
giuen
vnto
vice
,
by
that
vncleane
Monster
Heliogabalus
,
his
Predecessor
:
Of
the
suddaine
,
Rome
was
brightned
with
the
vertues
of
Iustice
,
as
the
world
with
the
beames
of
the
Sunne
,
after
a
horrible
and
darke
tempest
.
But
as
there
is
no
assurance
of
faire
weather
vntill
the
skie
be
cleare
from
clowdes
,
so
(
which
well
forsaw
this
good
Emperour
)
there
can
be
no
common
wealthe
grounded
peace
and
prosperitie
,
where
there
are
not
Informers
to
fynde
out
offenders
,
as
well
as
Iudges
to
chasten
offences
:
In
so
much
,
in
the
prime
of
his
Gouernment
,
accompained
with
many
graue
Senators
,
as
this
good
Emperour
went
vnto
the
Senat
,
in
his
passage
hee
might
see
the
Cittyzins
busielye
exercised
in
their
seuerall
trades
:
he
incountred
the
Gentlemen
in
ciuil
attire
,
and
of
euerie
estate
,
found
both
himselfe
and
his
Senators
,
saluted
with
much
honour
,
reuerence
and
dutie
.
And
being
in
the
Senate
house
,
mounted
in
the
iudiciall
Throne
,
he
sate
long
,
and
was
litle
occupyed
with
crimynall
causes
.
The
Senators
,
no
little
gloried
,
that
(
appealing
vnto
the
iudgement
of
Alexander
)
they
might
lawfully
boast
,
that
Rome
,
which
was
late
a
Forrest
of
wilde
beastes
,
or
to
speake
more
properlie
,
a
den
of
theeues
,
a
San●…uarie
for
Ruffens
,
a
priueledge
for
Strumpets
:
a
place
in
whiche
no
vice
was
forbidden
,
nor
vertu
commaunded
,
by
their
great
wisdomes
was
brought
into
so
good
an
order
,
as
Alexanders
eyes
could
beholde
no
open
offenders
,
nor
his
eares
heare
of
any
secreat
offences
.
In
so
much
,
as
after
his
returne
to
the
Pallace
,
they
lauded
the
Emperour
,
with
many
acclamations
of
vertue
,
attributing
this
happy
reformation
vnto
his
pietie
,
temperaunce
,
and
Iustice
:
thinking
,
that
in
giuing
of
hym
this
soueraigntie
,
he
would
returne
the
praises
vpon
their
paineful-trauels
,
with
the
incouragement
,
that
the
magnanimious
Caesar
gaue
vnto
his
souldiours
,
saying
:
that
their
bloods
wrot
honor
in
his
forehead
,
and
therfore
how
precious
he
esteemed
his
owne
honor
,
so
carefull
he
was
of
their
welfare
.
But
Alexander
,
although
he
were
second
to
none
,
in
the
regarding
and
the
rewarding
of
vertuous
Maiestrates
,
yet
least
by
thinking
,
that
this
outwarde
reformation
,
had
in
the
common
wealth
setled
an
inwarde
amendement
,
and
thereby
they
shoulde
growe
negligent
in
the
administrations
of
their
waighty
charges
,
he
with
a
light
regarde
,
attended
his
owne
deserued
praises
,
to
reaue
them
of
the
hope
of
particular
commendations
:
yea
,
that
they
might
wel
know
that
all
that
glistered
was
not
Golde
,
that
alwaies
the
inwarde
harte
,
was
not
discouered
by
the
outward
habit
:
he
compared
the
best
gouerned
Common
welth
vnto
a
faire
Aple
,
which
being
serched
,
hath
a
Core
,
and
that
the
worthy
Senators
,
might
perceaue
their
errours
,
and
to
amende
what
was
omitted
of
their
owne
duties
,
and
necessarie
to
establish
a
happye
gouernment
,
in
this
graue
and
prudent
Oration
hee
set
downe
the
daungerous
estate
of
the
publique
weale
:
and
with-al
,
a
perfect
remedie
for
the
festred
and
inwarde
maladies
.
The
first
Oration
of
Alexander
,
the
Emperour
,
to
the
Senators
.
Most
graue
and
reuerende
Fathers
,
we
not
a
litle
reioyce
,
through
the
grace
of
the
immortal
Gods
,
and
your
great
wisdomes
,
to
beholde
the
famous
Rome
,
but
yesterday
(
in
comparison
)
infamed
with
al
abhominations
,
by
the
priueleges
of
our
beastly
predecessor
,
who
meriteth
neither
the
name
of
Emperour
,
nor
man
,
no
we
in
possession
of
her
auncient
vertues
:
And
as
we
confesse
,
that
by
the
deuine
and
heroyicall
blessinges
,
the
hoaresed
voyce
of
Iustice
is
cleared
:
So
wee
like-wise
hope
,
by
the
same
graces
,
the
remembraunce
of
vice
and
iniquitie
shal-
be
rooted
out
.
But
good
Senators
,
to
discontinue
a
prosperous
beginning
,
with
a
slouthfull
imagination
,
that
the
Common
weale
is
sounde
,
because
no
in●…yrmities
appeare
,
is
the
vnhappie
meane
,
to
blaste
the
fruites
,
of
your
well
imployed
wisdomes
,
and
to
inpresse
an
vncurable
Canker
in
the
bowels
of
Rome
.
The
practisers
of
Chirurgerie
very
well
know
,
that
an
olde
and
deepe
festred
sore
,
w●…l
with
easie
working
of
the
Surgion
,
ourwardly
seeme
to
heale
,
but
it
there
bee
not
Corsiues
applied
,
to
eate
out
the
roote
thereof
,
this
ouer
hastie
healing
will
breake
foorth
vnto
a
more
greeuous
maladie
.
Good
Senators
,
vnto
you
al
,
it
is
wel
knowen
,
that
the
publique
weale
hath
of
long
time
bin
infected
,
with
the
most
horrible
vices
,
that
euer
humanitie
practised
:
yea
,
so
foule
and
vn
cleane
,
as
ciuill
creatures
are
forbod
to
recite
them
,
by
the
sauadge
inclination
of
that
Monster
HELIOGABALVS
,
yea
so
lothsome
and
fylthy
were
his
abhominations
,
as
the
worser
sort
of
people
,
(
his
fauoured
seruantes
)
so
detested
his
detestable
and
vile
lyfe
,
as
they
hasted
his
ouer-long
proroged
death
.
Now
that
the
immortall
Gods
haue
inuested
vs
with
the
Imperiall
Maiestie
,
small
is
the
wonder
,
though
there
appeare
a
reformation
in
the
good
,
when
the
verie
Reprobate
were
glutted
with
wickednesse
.
But
reuerend
Fathers
,
this
sweete
alteration
is
no
warrant
to
the
Magistrate
,
to
be
slouthfull
in
his
function
,
least
in
not
suruayinge
of
the
best
,
the
best
them-selues
be
corrupted
,
as
Moaths
consume
the
finest
garmentes
,
where
they
be
seeldome
worne
,
and
lesse
ouer-lookte
:
And
although
in
the
better
sort
,
this
inconuenience
is
to
be
feared
,
in
the
worser
,
this
mischiefe
is
to
be
certenly
expected
:
they
wil
vpon
euerie
temptation
returne
to
their
naughtines
as
a
Dog
to
his
vomit
,
and
therfore
these
daungerous
insyrmities
in
a
Common
wealth
,
must
be
cured
as
the
skilfull
Surgion
doth
a
festred
sore
.
Their
causes
must
bee
searched
and
their
nourishing
humors
purged
,
and
then
amendment
followeth
.
The
cause
of
this
inordinate
lust
,
this
excessiue
drunkennesse
,
this
outragious
prodigalitye
,
&
to
be
short
,
this
hel
of
iniquity
among
the
Romanes
,
is
euill
education
:
of
long
time
there
hath
bin
no
man
ready
to
instruct
them
in
vertues
,
nor
willing
to
reprehend
their
vices
,
the
nourishment
of
these
euils
are
the
Tauerns
,
Dicing
places
,
and
brothell
houses
,
of
whiche
Rome
hath
great
store
,
&
they
greater
store
of
guestes
:
so
that
to
rid
the
publique
weale
of
this
dangerous
infection
,
is
fyrste
and
cheefelye
to
instruct
the
youth
in
good
maners
,
and
next
to
abate
the
number
of
these
superfluous
howses
,
or
at
the
least
,
daylie
to
ouer-see
their
dooings
.
Thus
in
breefe
,
I
haue
declared
some
of
the
hydden
euilles
,
harboured
in
the
bowels
of
Rome
,
which
to
reforme
your
owne
eyes
must
be
as
ready
to
fynde
them
out
,
as
your
eares
attentiue
to
heare
euils
reported
:
you
must
bee
as
well
Informers
of
offenders
,
as
Iudges
of
offences
:
for
the
desire
of
Iustice
is
to
roote
out
iniquitie
,
and
the
office
of
Iustices
to
inquire
after
euil
lyuers
:
And
without
al
doubt
,
in
this
carefull
proceedinge
,
in
your
visitations
,
you
shall
see
sufficient
example
of
sin
,
to
occupie
your
Iudiciall
places
with
correction
.
This
vigilant
care
,
will
eternize
your
good
beginnings
with
glorie
,
will
establish
prosperitye
in
the
weale
puplique
,
will
comforte
the
good
,
and
bridle
the
wicked
:
ytnot
through
the
loue
of
vertue
,
yet
for
the
chastninge
of
vice
.
Thus
,
you
see
it
concerneth
the
inrichinge
of
the
common
wealth
,
in
the
seruice
where-of
the
bitternesse
of
death
,
should
vnto
you
deeme
pleasant
:
In
particulers
,
it
concerneth
the
prosperitie
of
your
Children
,
Kinsfolke
and
Allies
,
for
whose
benefit
you
are
borne
to
trauell
:
also
it
concerneth
your
owne
honor
,
which
you
should
holde
more
precious
then
lyfe
:
and
therefore
as
your
Soueraigne
,
we
coniure
you
,
and
as
fathers
of
the
Common
wealth
beseeche
you
,
that
you
wyll
continue
our
good
beginninge
,
with
the
execution
of
the
Emperours
directions
:
and
so
we
end
as
we
begun
,
the
prosperitie
of
Rome
,
shal
highly
laude
the
gracious
goodnes
of
the
gods
,
&
the
greatnes
of
your
wysdoms
.
WHen
the
good
Emperour
,
had
in
few
words
ended
this
waightie
Oration
,
(
or
more
properly
graue
admonition
)
the
fatherly
Senators
admiring
the
sound
iudgement
of
Alex.
beinge
of
tendet
yeares
&
vnexperienced
,
in
pollices
of
gouernment
,
knew
straight-waies
,
that
there
was
a
negligence
in
their
administration
of
Iustice
,
which
his
minde
(
continually
exercised
for
the
benefyt
of
the
publique
weale
)
forsaw
,
and
to
the
profit
therof
,
in
this
louing
maner
the
same
discouered
.
To
witnesse
that
they
throughly
conceiued
the
intent
of
his
reposed
wordes
,
by
their
owne
prudent
deeds
,
they
foorth-with
wrought
out
the
wholsome
effects
of
his
godly
desire
:
and
the
better
to
search
the
core
of
vice
&
iniquitie
hid
in
the
intrailes
of
Rome
.
These
good
Maiestrats
vsed
this
pollicie
,
in
disguysed
habits
they
entred
the
Tauerns
,
common
tables
,
victuling
houses
,
stewes
&
brothel-harbors
,
without
controlement
,
they
viewed
the
behauiors
of
the
people
,
that
thei
might
the
better
vuderstand
the
ful
of
their
abuses
:
&
vpon
diligent
searche
,
what
founde
they
?
forsooth
,
Rome
like
a
painted
strumpet
.
The
great
boast
that
they
but
lately
made
of
her
reformation
,
had
no
better
assurance
their
this
,
a
few
of
the
good
sette
forth
their
good
dispositions
at
large
,
&
many
of
the
wicked
,
for
a
time
helde
in
their
lewde
inclinations
:
but
counterfetes
wil
vnto
kinde
,
Copper
may
holde
print
but
not
bide
tutch
with
golde
:
euen
so
these
hypocrits
,
as
place
and
opportunitie
serued
,
bewraied
their
beastly
natures
.
Among
these
tranions
,
Cosonage
was
esteemed
lawful
marchandise
,
&
dicinge
,
faire
pastune
:
lechery
was
held
no
sin
,
nor
chastity
,
vertu
:
ruffens
were
honored
,
&
the
gods
dispised
:
the
mouth
of
vertu
was
locked
,
&
vice
spake
through
a
trumpet
.
To
be
short
,
among
them
was
no
law
but
disorder
,
nor
any
thing
publique
but
abhomination
:
neither
possibli
might
it
be
otherwise
:
for
by
the
authority
of
Heliogabalus
,
ruffens
,
bawdes
&
suche
other
brothel
birds
,
were
made
senators
,
yea
,
the
basest
persons
were
maried
to
noble
wemen
,
&
they
that
could
set
abroche
most
villanies
,
bare
the
greatest
swayes
:
&
wher
such
liberty
is
giuen
to
offend
,
sin
is
so
sweete
to
the
flesh
,
that
there
wil
appeere
no
difference
betweene
men
&
beasts
,
saue
that
men
do
exceede
beasts
in
beastlines
:
and
in
this
accordeth
deuine
Plato
,
who
saith
,
that
those
citties
,
in
which
●…her
are
no
seuere
lawes
to
correct
sin
,
ar
rather
forrests
of
monsters
then
places
habitable
for
men
,
&
wher
as
ther
was
this
corruption
in
nature
,
there
could
be
no
alteration
hoped
for
but
by
discipline
,
which
the
sequel
well
proueth
.
The
change
of
the
gouernment
,
from
a
most
vile
vnto
a
most
vertuous
Emperour
,
purged
simply
,
the
corruption
of
the
people
,
for
althogh
that
exercise
of
naughtinesse
,
were
not
so
open
as
before
,
yet
the
euil
disposed
knew
where
to
stawle
companions
euen
in
the
fore named
Hell
houses
,
and
which
was
most
to
bee
lamented
,
among
the
scum
of
the
Cittie
,
I
meane
Ruffians
,
Bawdes
,
Brokers
,
Cheters
,
Shifters
and
others
:
in
these
fylthie
places
,
worthye
Gentlemen
and
substantiall
Cittezens
were
daylye
founde
,
the
one
through
vnthristinesse
to
wast
their
patrimonie
,
the
other
by
couetousenesse
to
purchase
the
Deuill
and
all
.
When
the
graue
Senatours
,
had
entred
into
the
depth
of
these
foule
vlcers
of
the
Publique
weale
,
they
founde
that
Dice
,
Drunkennesse
and
Harlots
,
had
consumed
the
wealth
of
a
great
number
of
ancient
Gentlemen
,
whose
Purses
were
in
the
possession
of
vile
persons
,
and
their
Landes
at
morgage
with
the
Marchants
,
and
how
both
the
one
and
the
other
,
were
confederate
to
spoyle
these
Gallantes
.
They
truly
certifyed
the
Emperour
,
the
dangerous
estate
of
the
Common
wealth
,
how
that
by
the
corruption
of
these
houses
,
the
Gentlemen
had
made
this
exchaunge
with
vise
persons
,
they
were
attyced
with
the
Gentlemens
brauerie
,
and
the
Gentlemen
disgraced
with
their
bea●…ly
maners
:
And
somuch
the
case
was
the
more
to
be
pitied
,
for
that
the
remedie
was
to
be
doubted
:
for
al-be-it
their
infections
grew
by
the
fylthie
conuersation
with
●…affens
,
Bawdes
,
and
suché
braue
baggages
,
whiche
was
harde
to
be
cured
,
that
which
should
comforte
them
in
well
dooinge
,
I
meane
their
Landes
,
were
in
the
possession
of
the
Marchantes
,
who
of
the
gaine
of
their
bargen
will
wage
sreendes
to
countenaunce
their
deceitfull
dealinges
,
and
then
let
them
backe
their
worst
,
their
aduersaries
will
byte
them
,
with
their
owne
teeth
.
Thus
,
poore
Gentlemen
,
they
are
sure
to
impaire
their
liuinges
:
how-be-it
(
perhaps
)
they
amend
theyr
liues
.
When
the
good
Emperour
,
had
attentiuely
herd
this
(
lamentable
)
report
,
hee
foorth-with
made
this
short
answer
.
Graue
Fathers
,
you
haue
certifyed
vs
no
more
,
then
by
reason
we
sensibly
foresaw
:
it
is
therefore
now
conuenient
,
that
we
by
seueritie
pluck
vp
the
roots
of
wickednesse
,
which
by
sufferaunce
are
growen
to
mightye
bodies
of
sin
.
Therfore
our
pleasure
is
,
that
by
expresse
Commaundement
,
the
Cittizins
of
Rome
be-warned
to
appeare
(
to
morrowe
)
be-fore
vs
,
in
the
Theater
of
Rome
,
where
they
shall
openly
know
their
faultes
:
and
by
the
graces
of
the
immortall
Gods
,
and
counsell
of
our
graue
Senate
,
wee
shall
set
downe
remedies
for
this
daungerous
mischiefe
.
This
reposed
speache
of
the
Emperour
,
promysed
good
successe
to
his
graue
determinations
:
in
to
muche
,
as
the
Senators
settled
in
this
hope
,
made
(
forthwith
)
Proclamation
of
the
Emperours
Commaundement
.
And
at
the
appointed
time
,
the
grauer
sort
of
the
Cittizins
,
with
a
multitude
of
the
Communaltie
being
assembled
,
the
Emperour
and
a
chosen
company
of
Senators
,
with
a
sterne
countenaunce
passed
by
the
people
,
and
mounted
in
the
Chayre
of
Maiestie
,
as
one
distempered
with
a
great
passion
,
with
an
angrie
Countenaunce
and
a
still
tongue
,
hee
setled
his
eyes
vpon
the
Cittizins
:
And
not-with-standing
they
saluted
hym
with
many
dutifull
acclamatious
:
as
,
Liue
long
,
O
noble
Emperour
,
the
chosen
of
the
Goddes
,
the
Glory
of
the
world
,
the
Soueraigne
of
Kynges
and
prosperytie
of
Roome
:
yet
he
seemed
neuer
a
whytte
the
more
affable
,
as
wyllynge
they
should
knowe
that
his
wisdome
had
searched
their
corupt
consciences
,
&
(
therfore
)
little
regarded
their
dutiful
gratulations
:
In
the
end
,
when
the
regarde
of
his
displeased
Countinaunce
,
had
made
them
scilent
with
●…are
,
or
(
rather
)
halle
dead
with
sorrow
,
hee
quickened
them
agayne
,
with
this
sharpe
Reprehension
:
as
followeth
.
Alexanders
Oration
,
to
the
Cittizyns
of
●…eeme
.
IF
we
knewe
,
by
what
proper
name
to
call
you
,
by
that
name
we
would
wyll
you
to
giue
attention
,
to
the
words
we
purpose
to
declare
:
If
we
shuld
greet
you
with
the
reuerence
due
vnto
Priestes
,
wee
should
highly
offende
the
Goddes
and
delude
men
:
for
,
in
you
there
is
no
Relygion
to
serue
the
Gods
,
nor
Charytie
to
lyue
Neighbourly
among
men
.
If
we
shuld
salute
you
,
as
Senators
,
your
own
consciences
wold
witnesse
that
we
mocked
you
:
for
the
good
Senators
,
trauell
for
the
benefite
of
the
Publique-weale
,
and
you
(
only
)
labour
for
priuate
lucre
.
It
were
ridiculous
to
call
you
Gentlemen
:
for
they
,
by
their
magnanimous
Vertues
,
inlarge
the
boundes
of
the
Empyre
,
and
you
,
thoughe
you
haue
cra●…t
to
dispossesse
Gentlemen
of
their
lands
,
yet
you
lacke
vallour
to
keepe
the
enemie
from
the
sackyng
of
your
Cytties
.
What
?
woulde
you
that
wee
●…ould
call
you
,
as
the
auncient
Cittizyns
were
woont
to
be
called
,
good
people
of
Roome
?
Beleeue
me
,
this
is
no
proper
Title
for
you
:
for
they
and
you
differ
in
conditions
,
as
good
doth
from
bad
.
Those
Cittizyns
or
good
people
of
Roome
,
by
their
Vertues
,
crowned
Roome
with
the
Honour
of
a
Cittie
,
and
more
,
with
this
Title
:
The
Head
of
the
Worlde
:
For
,
as
diuine
PLATO
saith
:
it
is
not
sumptueus
Buildynges
,
that
giueth
name
of
a
Cittie
,
but
the
Cruilytie
and
worthinesse
of
the
Cittyzyns
:
And
on
the
contrary-parte
,
you
pollute
Roome
with
so
many
abhominations
,
as
where
in
times
past
,
she
hath
ben
called
the
head
of
the
world
,
she
may
now
be
as
aptly
called
:
the
tayle
of
iniquitie
:
If
none
of
all
these
titles
belong
vnto
you
:
what
name
shuld
we
then
giue
you
?
you
be
of
Rome
:
lyue
in
Roome
,
and
haue
your
sustenance
from
Rome
:
all
this
hath
Moathes
in
cloath
,
Canker
rust
in
Iron
,
&
Caterpillers
in
●…uict
:
Then
,
you
Moathes
,
Canker-rust
and
Caterpillers
of
Roome
:
giue
care
vnto
my
words
,
which
showe
you
a
more
assured
benefite
then
your
own
trauelles
:
The
large
Priuiledges
of
Abules
,
which
you
(
of
long
tyme
)
haue
inioyed
,
haue
(
by
s●…erance
made
a
custom
of
sin
:
&
therfore
(
in
charytie
(
we
are
first
)
bound
,
to
admonish
you
with
good
counsell
:
if
that
work
no
amendment
,
them
(
of
necessitie
,
we
must
chasten
you
with
the
Rod
of
Iustice
:
But
,
admit
this
lybertie
were
without
checke
,
you
would
be
the
confusion
of
your
own-selues
:
you
haue
experience
of
the
Vermins
to
whome
,
wee
(
rightly
)
compared
you
:
the
Moathe
,
consumeth
the
Cloath
,
and
(
in
tyme
,
for
lacke
of
iustenaunce
,
starueth
it selfe
.
The
iyke
doth
the
Caterpyller
amonge
Fruict
,
and
with
continuance
,
the
Canker-rust
in
Iron
.
And
you
,
that
denoure
the
wealth
of
the
CITTIE
,
dwell
vppon
the
Possessions
of
the
Gentlemen
,
and
oppresse
the
multitude
with
bondage
:
what
gayne
you
by
this
?
By
Crueltie
,
you
purchase
hatred
of
your
Neighbours
,
and
the
Ambitious
,
wyll
enuie
your
aboundance
of
wealth
:
and
then
,
this
followeth
:
If
they
can
not
be
strengthned
with
forein
power
,
your
familiars
,
wyll
invade
you
with
ciuil
discention
:
For
,
among
those
that
haue
liued
prodigally
,
this
rule
is
obserued
:
when
their
Purses
are
emptie
,
their
heads
are
occupied
with
a
thousand
mischiefes
,
to
com
passe
a
newe
supply
:
And
(
which
is
most
to
be
feared
,
)
they
be
not
so
perrillous
cunnyng
in
their
practises
,
as
they
are
Deuillysh
resolute
in
their
Executious
:
If
they
sell
you
their
landes
,
for
money
to
spend
riotously
,
when
that
help
is
past
,
they
wyl
cut
off
your
heads
,
fyre
your
Houses
,
and
sacke
this
famous
Cittie
,
to
susteine
their
lasciuious
humoures
:
For
(
without
speciall
grace
)
in
Where
,
on
the
knees
is
fastened
a
Cap
and
a
feather
,
and
about
the
legges
,
a
Swoord
and
a
Target
buckled
,
in
signe
,
that
the
Cittizyns
desire
the
honour
they
can
not
gouerne
,
and
leaue
their
●…rauayles
,
whiche
woulde
inritch
the
Common-wealth
:
And
where
the
feete
,
which
should
trudge
for
euery
necessary
,
should
be
fettred
,
in
a
payre
of
Stockes
:
as
witnesse
of
the
poore
Laborers
bondage
and
oppression
,
who
,
for
their
necessarie
trauelles
,
ought
too
bee
cheerised
.
I
say
:
as
a
man
thus
deformed
,
buckled
and
bownd
on
a
heape
,
would
soone
perysh
,
for
want
of
sustenance
:
euen-so
,
a
Common-wealth
,
thus
confused
,
would
soone
be
confownded
,
for
lacke
of
good
Order
.
What
Prince
,
that
is
Head
and
Soueraigne
,
of
such
a
sauadge
and
brute
people
?
that
wyll
not
rather
)
wysh
,
a
Royall
Tombe
,
then
a
Princely
Pallace
?
for
,
in
the
one
,
he
is
priuyleaged
against
the
outrage
of
enemies
,
&
in
the
other
,
he
is
not
sa●…e
from
the
Treasons
of
his
own
Subiects
.
And
therfore
,
you
Vipers
,
which
destroy
one
another
,
if
our
louyng
perswasions
,
may
not
alter
your
lewde
dispositions
:
take
the
aduauntage
of
tyme
&
my
nakednes
,
giue
me
an
vntimely
death
,
rather
than
a
dishonorable
raign
:
for
truely
I
had
rather
die
,
while
the
walles
of
Roome
doe
stande
,
then
liue
to
see
her
sumptuous
Buildynges
on
●…ite
,
whose
ruine
is
at
hand
,
vnlesse
,
out
of
hand
,
you
amend
your
corrupt
consciences
,
&
the
multitude
,
their
naughtie
maners
.
AT
these
wordes
,
(
with
teares
in
their
eyes
)
as
Pleadges
of
sorowful
heartes
:
the
people
shouted
●…oorth
with
a
lowde
crye
,
their
duti●…ull
A●…ons
:
saying
.
O
noble
ALEXANDER
,
let
the
Torture
of
ten
dearhes
,
be
too
easie
a
payne
,
for
the
man
,
whiche
but
ymagyneth
thy
Death
:
Lyue
:
and
lyue
long
:
O
most
noble
Emperour
,
the
lyse
of
vs
all
,
and
the
light
of
the
Romaynes
glorye
.
¶
Here
Sorrow
stopped
their
mouthes
:
but
their
dismayed
countenaunces
,
gaue
full
knowledge
of
their
inwarde
Repentance
:
so
that
the
Emperour
,
both
in
wordes
,
lookes
and
gesture
,
(
more
mildely
)
continued
his
Oration
:
as
followeth
.
Continuance
of
Alexander
his
Oration
,
to
the
Cittizyns
.
YOV
wish
him
the
vengeance
of
ten
deaths
,
that
should
,
but
imagine
our
death
:
And
(
certainly
)
Conscience
perswadeth
vs
,
your
tonges
do
truely
publysh
the
consents
of
your
heartes
:
but
small
is
the
difference
,
when
death
and
desolation
is
the
ende
,
whyther
you
lay
violent
hands
vpon
vs
,
or
murder
vs
with
your
horryble
vices
.
The
body
that
is
in
a
Consumption
,
The
first
Erector
of
the
Romayn
walles
,
was
ROMVLVS
,
yet
Roome
was
nothyng
so
much
bound
vnto
him
,
for
the
envyronyng
of
her
fayre
buildynges
,
with
strong
Bulwarkes
,
as
in
appoinctyng
offices
,
orders
and
lawes
among
the
people
,
to
gouerne
them
in
peace
and
prosperytie
:
This
Romulus
,
(
that
Roome
might
prosper
,
)
hastened
the
death
of
his
Brother
REMVS
,
an
Act
(
simply
)
considered
by
Nature
,
very
impious
,
and
the
vengeance
of
detestable
crueltie
:
but
the
seditious
disposition
of
Remus
well
pondred
,
necessytie
approoued
the
seuerytie
of
ROMVLVS
,
to
be
perfect
Iustice
.
The
loue
we
owe
to
our
Parents
,
ought
to
be
very
reuerent
and
great
,
because
thei
gaue
vs
lyfe
:
to
our
brethren
,
naturall
,
because
of
preuytie
in
blood
:
to
our
frends
,
affectionat
,
because
vertue
or
benefit
is
the
HEREWITH
,
the
Multitude
cried
out
,
alowde
:
Accursed
be
he
,
and
vnworthie
the
name
of
a
Citizyn
of
Rome
,
that
,
by
vnsatiable
Coueitousnes
and
Vsurie
,
seeketh
this
publique
desolution
:
whatsoeuer
is
thus
(
vnlawfully
)
gotten
,
shal
be
restored
backe
:
Hereafter
,
such
vnprofitable
members
,
shal
be
bridled
:
Liue
vertuous
Emperour
,
and
what
lack
ye
finde
in
vs
,
refourme
it
,
and
we
wyll
obey
you
:
and
he
that
doth
resist
,
let
him
be
slaine
,
and
buried
in
Tyber
:
Your
vertue
hath
restored
vs
to
lyfe
,
that
weare
dead
:
vnto
Lybertie
,
that
were
in
thraldom
:
vnto
Honour
,
that
were
dishonoured
.
In
Gouernaunce
,
you
be
our
Father
,
whome
we
well
reuerence
:
by
free
election
,
our
Emperour
,
whom
we
wil
obay
:
&
in
wisdome
our
soundest
Iudge
,
whose
com
maundements
&
counsels
,
we
wil
execute
,
as
generall
Lawes
.
¶
Hereat
,
the
Emperour
relented
,
and
with
much
paine
,
retayned
the
teares
of
his
eyes
,
and
(
in
the
ende
)
comforted
them
,
with
this
Conclusion
.
The
Conclusion
of
AlexANDERS
Oration
,
to
the
Cittizyns
I
Am
right
glad
,
that
your
Protestation
declareth
,
that
you
yet
hold
some
portion
of
Vertue
:
which
giueth
vs
hope
,
that
the
renown
of
this
Noble
Realme
,
begunne
by
Romulus
,
shall
not
ende
in
you
:
And
if
you
be
constant
in
this
affection
,
we
trust
,
right
shortly
,
to
make
the
Fame
therof
equall
in
estimation
,
with
the
Raignes
of
any
of
our
Progenitours
.
And
now
,
I
haue
fownd
agayne
your
old
name
wherby
I
wyll
call
you
.
Ye
Children
and
Successours
of
the
vertuous
Romaynes
:
I
say
,
you
victorious
people
,
braunches
of
Romulus
,
subduers
of
Realmes
,
patternes
of
vertue
,
and
prowesse
to
all
the
world
,
mittigate
your
couetous
appetites
,
abandon
excessiue
Vsurie
,
exceede
not
the
boundes
of
your
popular
state
,
be
charitable
,
and
mercifull
vnto
your
owne
Countrey-men
,
where
their
necessitie
may
be
relieued
with
your
abundance
:
Be
you
ashamed
,
that
labourers
,
and
rude
people
,
should
condemne
you
of
crueltie
,
for
destroying
of
your
Gentlemen
(
the
chiefe
ornament
,
and
defence
of
this
noble
Cittie
.
)
Remember
,
that
if
the
state
of
Senators
do
decaye
,
the
most
vertuous
of
the
Gentlemen
are
elected
in
their
places
:
So
you
,
that
shall
equall
them
in
vertue
(
for
your
substance
onely
cannot
make
you
gentle
)
shall
be
aduaunced
vnto
the
state
of
Gentlemen
,
according
to
your
deme●…its
.
Nowe
haue
we
nomore
to
say
vnto
you
,
but
applye
your selues
to
the
auncient
and
most
laudable
orders
,
as
we
shal
indeuour
our selues
,
by
example
&
diligence
,
to
bring
this
Citie
againe
vnto
perfection
.
WHen
the
good
Emperor
had
thus
ended
his
Oration
,
he
caused
diuers
of
the
grauest
Citizyns
,
to
attend
hym
at
his
Pallace
,
where
he
commanded
,
that
by
secrete
inquirie
,
they
should
learne
how
many
〈◊〉
,
by
〈◊〉
,
or
other
corrupte
〈◊〉
,
had
(
absolute
possession
or
Morguage
of
the
Gentlemens
●…andes
:
and
to
certifye
,
bothe
)
the
names
of
the
Vserers
,
and
the
Gentlemen
so
distressed
.
Vppon
whose
certificate
,
he
dealed
with
the
Creditors
of
the
Gentlemen
,
〈◊〉
a
great
●…tion
of
money
out
of
his
owne
Crea●…e
,
towardes
a
generall
agreement
.
As
in
the
end
he
concluded
,
that
the
Creditors
,
shuld
rece●…e
the
res●…ue
of
their
Debtes
,
by
a
yearely
pention
oute
of
the
Gentlemens
,
Landes
;
By
whiche
●…ewes
,
their
〈◊〉
tie
might
recouer
what
their
〈◊〉
had
●…asted
.
The
Noble
Emperour
,
ha●…ynge
brought
to
passe
this
hye
hone●…te
,
for
the
Gentlemen
a
Rome
,
with
the
possession
therof
:
in
this
louyng
Oration
,
he
instructed
them
in
the
Dueties
of
Gentlemen
,
and
(
●…dely
)
reprehended
the
Dishonours
of
their
Reputation
.
The
Emperour
Alexander
his
Oration
,
to
the
Gentlemen
of
Rome
.
GEntlemen
of
Rome
,
by
the
name
of
Gentlemen
I
salute
you
,
as
Hereditorie
Title
of
your
Auncestours
vertues
,
which
I
hope
will
alwayes
remayne
in
your
hearts
;
How-be-it
,
too
excessiue
prodigalitie
,
hath
much
wasted
your
liuings
,
and
impayred
your
credit
.
But
with
the
blame
of
your
lauiciousnes
,
I
am
bound
(
by
the
woorking
of
pittie
)
to
shew
the
cause
thereof
:
Which
(
although
it
bee
no
excuse
in
Iustice
)
yet
it
iustly
●…oueth
commiseration
.
The
examples
of
our
predecessors
wickednesse
,
is
more
liuelye
expressed
in
your
workes
,
then
may
be
showen
by
my
wordes
,
and
I
hope
,
his
worthie
confusion
,
will
be
cause
of
your
speedy
amendment
.
Yet
,
I
hold
it
not
amisse
,
to
laie
before
your
eyes
,
the
monstrous
e●…illes
,
which
you
have
learned
of
your
late
Emperour
Heliogabalus
:
that
,
comparing
his
wretched
ende
,
with
his
wicked
raigne
,
feare
may
reforme
,
what
our
louing
affection
wisheth
to
be
amended
in
you
.
This
vessel
of
abhominatio
,
so
exceeded
in
pride
,
that
from
top
to
toe
,
he
was
●…ired
in
cloth
of
golde
pearle
,
&
pretious-stones
,
&
neuer
wore
any
garment
more
than
His
lecherie
was
so
vnsatiable
,
and
withal
so
vnclean
,
as
common
ciuilitie
forbiddeth
the
report
.
His
Pusalanimitie
was
such
,
as
he
studied
how
to
become
a
woman
,
and
of
moste
notorious
Strumpets
,
and
Bawdes
,
hee
erected
a
Senate
,
and
in
a
Capitoll
,
for
the
nonce
,
hee
made
vnto
them
manie
Orations
,
and
called
them
his
Companions
,
and
fellowe
Souldiers
.
That
vi●…e
might
haue
no
staye
,
nor
vertue
anie
passage
,
he
gaue
free
Charters
to
all
men
to
vse
all
manner
of
villanie
.
And
Sabinus
,
Vlpianus
,
and
other
learned
and
reuerent
Iudges
hee
banished
from
the
administration
of
Iustice
.
He
cruelly
put
to
death
many
worthie
personages
,
&
amongst
the
people
many
times
let
loose
Lions
,
Beares
,
and
other
cruell
Beastes
.
In
fine
,
when
his
monstrous
pryde
,
prodigallitie
,
and
lecherie
,
had
consumed
all
his
own
treasure
,
necessitie
,
&
a
naughtie
disposition
,
made
him
to
sell
the
offices
of
Iustice
.
But
his
owne
familiar
Seruantes
and
Souldiers
,
wearie
of
his
abhominations
,
slew
him
:
&
drawing
his
horrible
Carren
with
hooks
through
the
Cittie
,
they
tyed
him
to
a
stone
of
greate
waight
,
and
threw
him
into
Tyber
,
to
the
end
so
vile
a
bodie
should
neuer
be
buried
:
Yet
,
your
owne
eies
are
Iudges
that
I
say
the
truth
.
His
death
and
funerals
was
as
vile
and
filthie
,
as
,
what
I
haue
saide
of
his
life
,
was
sumptuous
and
rich
.
I
haue
laide
the
miserie
of
his
death
before
your
eyes
,
that
you
should
expell
the
vices
of
his
life
forth
of
your
harts
.
It
was
the
due
of
his
beastlines
,
and
will
be
the
reward
of
your
insolent
liuing
without
amendment
.
You
are
yet
yong
,
&
by
prowesse
may
recouer
more
then
you
haue
by
prodigalitie
wasted
:
A
vertuous
end
repaireth
the
dishonors
of
a
vicious
life
:
But
shame
lyueth
,
when
lewd
men
are
dead
.
A
prodigall
and
voluptuous
humor
,
I
know
is
hardly
purged
,
bicause
the
norishments
are
many
and
sweete
.
But
when
I
consider
,
that
you
are
Gentlemen
,
I
straightwaies
hope
,
that
you
will
easilye
subdue
these
affections
.
There
is
nothyng
more
pretious
to
man
then
life
,
nor
nothing
more
fearfull
then
death
.
Yet
the
noble
Romaine
Gentlemen
your
auncestors
,
in
actions
of
honour
,
preferred
the
last
before
the
first
.
If
you
be
heires
of
their
vertues
,
Vsurers
cannot
purchase
that
patrimonie
:
And
therefore
,
great
is
our
hope
,
that
you
will
bridle
meane
affections
,
when
they
contemned
the
greatest
.
ROMVLVS
with
a
weake
strength
,
and
inuincible
courage
,
first
buylded
this
famous
Citie
,
and
of
his
name
shee
is
called
to
this
daye
Roome
.
Numa
Pompilius
that
succeeded
him
,
both
inlarged
the
boundes
,
and
strengthened
her
,
with
manie
good
lawes
and
orders
:
And
in
processe
of
time
,
the
wisdome
of
the
Maiestrates
,
and
valiancie
of
her
Gentlemen
,
made
Rome
,
The
Soueraigne
of
Citties
,
the
Beautie
of
the
earth
,
and
Empresse
of
the
whole
world
:
And
so
to
this
daye
had
remained
,
had
not
the
horrible
vices
of
her
Emperors
Nero
,
Caligula
,
Domitian
,
Comodus
,
and
Heliogabalus
,
eclipsed
her
glorie
,
and
polluted
her
people
with
abhominations
:
But
vertue
is
able
to
perfect
more
then
vice
hath
deformed
.
We
beseech
the
Gods
,
that
on
our
part
there
may
bee
no
defaulte
,
as
wee
earnestly
de●…te
reformation
in
you
:
And
then
(
no
doubt
)
Rome
shall
shortlye
haue
her
auncient
honour
,
and
you
the
reputation
of
Romulus
heires
.
This
badge
of
pryde
,
Brauerie
in
apparell
,
is
necessarie
CICERO
discouered
the
Haughtinesse
of
Caesar
in
his
fore-heade
.
ASTIAGES
,
saw
a
Kyngly
minde
in
CYRVS
,
although
,
hee
were
armed
with
a
Sheepehooke
:
man
maketh
the
Habyt
,
and
not
Habyt
a
man
.
Drunkennesse
and
Glotonie
,
are
fowle
maymes
too
Call
Alexander
,
the
great
,
to
witnesse
,
who
,
after
hee
had
conquered
(
almoste
)
all
the
whole
Worlde
,
with
the
Swoord
,
conquered
hym-selfe
with
a
Wine-potte
:
So
that
,
it
is
a
question
,
whither
he
receiued
more
Honour
,
in
ouercommyng
the
mighty
Darius
,
of
Persia
,
or
Dishonor
,
by
beyng
subdued
,
by
the
Persians
Vices
:
If
I
were
a
Iudge
,
Alexander
,
should
find
a
seueare
Iudgement
:
for
,
by
his
valiancie
,
he
did
but
conquer
his
ennemies
,
and
in
his
drunkennesse
,
he
slew
his
frendes
,
and
hastened
his
owne
death
.
Prodigalytie
,
is
so
sharpe
a
vengeance
,
as
there
needeth
Pasicirus
,
kyng
of
Cyprus
,
first
prodigallie
)
spent
his
Treasure
,
afterwards
,
sould
his
Realme
,
and
(
lastly
)
died
(
miserablie
)
in
the
Cittie
of
Amathuntus
,
The
prodigall
Cleops
,
Kyng
of
Egypte
,
was
driuen
vnto
such
necessitie
,
as
he
was
faine
to
liue
of
the
dishonest
vse
of
his
Daughters
bodie
.
If
prodigalitie
bring
Kings
to
this
exigent
,
who
haue
manie
supplies
,
it
speedilye
ruineth
the
richest
Subiect
:
yea
,
(
which
is
worst
)
their
recouerie
is
as
vncertaine
,
as
their
vndooing
is
certaine
:
For
by
colour
of
their
Reuennewes
,
they
runne
in
debt
the
triple
value
of
theyr
Landes
.
You
Gentlemen
of
Rome
,
knowe
this
better
by
experience
,
then
by
my
information
,
you
feele
the
smart
of
prodigalitie
:
by
ryot
you
were
dryuen
to
morgage
your
Lands
,
and
had
lost
the
same
,
and
your selues
,
had
not
our
liberalitie
redeemed
both
:
our
louing
care
to
preu●…nt
,
that
followeth
after
prodigalitie
,
whiche
is
this
perillous
daunger
:
Men
,
beyng
(
by
prodigalytie
)
Enemies
of
their
owne
and
posteryties
prospetytie
:
by
want
and
Necessytie
,
become
Enemies
of
their
Countreyes
peace
and
welf●…
,
I
sa●…
,
feare
of
this
mischiefe
,
and
loue
of
your
w●…ldoynge
,
hath
repurchased
your
Landes
:
receyue
of
vs
,
the
Possession
therof
,
as
a
Cognisance
of
our
loue
,
and
delyte
that
you
maye
floorysh
:
Keepe
your
Honour
with
your
Landes
,
least
our
seuere
displeasure
,
be
heaped
vpon
your
vndoynges
:
Lette
vertuous
Pollycies
and
Documents
be
your
studdie
:
see
that
your
excr●…e
,
bee
Feates
of
Chiualrye
:
vse
your
handes
,
to
the
managynge
or
Armes
,
and
not
your
Fyngers
to
the
trippynge
of
Dice
,
a
Pastyme
,
so
villanous
,
that
(
notwithstandinge
)
GOBILON
,
the
Athenian
,
beyng
sent
Ambassadour
,
to
make
League
with
the
Corrynthians
,
who
,
findyng
the
Gouernours
of
Corrynth
,
playinge
at
the
Di●…
,
departed
without
dispatch
of
his
busines
:
saying
,
●…e
would
not
staine
the
Glorye
of
the
Spartianes
,
in
makyng
League
with
Dicers
.
The
Kyng
of
the
Persians
,
sent
goulden
Dice
to
kynge
Demettius
,
for
a
reproache
of
his
Lightnesse
.
Cicero
,
in
the
Senate-house
,
put
Anthonius
to
scilence
,
in
sayinge
,
he
was
a
Dicer
:
And
(
truely
)
so
infamous
a
pastime
,
neither
beseemeth
the
Grauitie
of
the
Magistrate
,
nor
Honor
of
a
Gentleman
,
for
that
the
gaine
,
is
loaden
with
dishonest
practises
,
and
the
losse
,
with
vnquiet
passions
.
Learn
by
the
Continencie
of
the
mightie
Alexander
,
&
the
noble
Romain
Scipio
,
to
subdue
carnal
affections
:
the
one
,
hauyng
(
by
fortune
of
warre
,
the
possession
of
On
the
contrarie
part
,
know
ye
,
that
Rome
(
of
late
)
hath
had
more
Emperours
brought
vnto
the
Sepulture
,
by
Lecherie
,
then
in
many
hundred
yeares
before
,
by
the
Launce
.
Gentlemen
,
my
Kinsmen
and
Companions
.
I
admonish
you
from
naughtinesse
,
by
the
falles
of
Emperours
,
kynges
,
and
Heroycall
Estates
:
that
you
maye
knowe
,
in
the
punishment
of
vice
,
the
Goddes
,
neither
feare
nor
spare
,
the
mightiest
of
men
.
On
the
contrarie
parte
:
I
counsell
you
to
goodnesse
,
by
the
Counsell
of
our
dignitie
,
assuring
you
,
by
the
exercise
of
Vertue
,
meaner
then
Gentlemen
,
become
Emperours
of
Kingdomes
.
Wee
haue
no
more
to
saye
:
but
that
the
Goddes
impresse
in
your
hartes
,
the
counsell
we
haue
blowen
into
your
eares
,
and
that
your
Emperour
Alexander
,
maye
beholde
Rome
,
Rome
agayne
:
And
you
(
Gentlemen
of
Rome
)
worthye
the
reputation
of
your
Noble
Auncestors
.
WHen
the
good
Emperor
,
had
ended
his
Oration
:
the
Gentlemen
,
ouercome
with
the
Princely
fauour
and
affection
of
Alexander
,
as
(
also
)
wounded
,
with
the
knowledge
of
their
former
lasciuiousnesse
,
discouered
a
great
dismaye
of
Spirite
:
In
the
ende
,
with
abased
Countenaunces
,
vppon
their
knees
,
they
humbly
acknowledged
his
gratious
benefits
:
confessed
their
owne
vnworthynesse
,
and
faithfullie
promised
,
to
obay
his
fatherly
Counsailes
.
The
good
Emperour
,
then
,
demaunded
,
yf
they
would
be
contented
,
that
their
Debts
shuld
be
paide
by
yearely
pentions
out
of
their
Landes
,
and
if
they
woulde
(
spariugely
)
liue
,
accordyng
vnto
the
proportion
of
the
rest
?
They
al
aunswerd
,
with
one
voyce
:
Yea
(
noble
Emperor
)
els
were
we
accursed
.
¶
The
prudent
Alexander
,
hauing
by
these
graue
Orations
,
sounded
the
inclynations
,
of
the
three
Estates
of
Rome
.
vz.
The
Senators
:
The
Gentlemen
,
and
the
Citizyns
:
forsook
not
the
aduauntage
of
the
peoples
good
dispositions
,
but
whyle
the
Vertue
of
his
wise
Counselles
was
workyng
in
their
hartes
,
he
,
with
the
Aduice
of
his
graue
Senators
,
deuised
many
good
Lawes
,
for
the
abandonyng
and
banishment
of
Vices
foorth
of
the
Citie
:
assuryng
himselfe
,
that
where
Discipline
was
wanting
,
the
sowndest
counsell
,
purged
not
corrupt
maners
:
so
that
,
to
the
loue
which
his
Affabylitie
had
wonne
,
he
ioyned
dread
,
through
seuere
executions
,
of
these
profitable
lawes
.
Lawes
,
Pains
,
and
Penalties
,
set
downe
by
Alexander
Seuerus
,
to
punish
Offenders
against
the
Weale-publique
.
In
primis
For
that
the
Tauarnes
,
Dicing-houses
,
&
the
Stewes
,
were
the
Nurses
of
all
vices
,
¶
Item
:
He
commaunded
,
that
in
the
Tauarns
,
there
should
be
no
other
,
than
open
Boothes
,
that
the
Censors
,
¶
Item
:
He
commaunded
,
that
no
Gentleman
,
Romayne
,
¶
Item
:
He
commaunded
,
that
no
Senator
,
should
haue
more
then
fower
Disshes
at
his
Dinner
:
nor
Gentleman
,
or
Citizyn
,
more
then
three
:
And
that
,
¶
Item
:
He
commaunded
,
that
no
Gentleman
,
Romain
,
Phillip
le
Bel
,
to
reforme
the
pride
of
Fraunce
,
and
by
Fardinando
,
King
of
Arraon
,
to
husbandry
the
smal
pentions
of
the
Knightes
of
the
Lande
,
which
order
he
hym selfe
erected
.
¶
Item
:
He
enacted
,
if
any
Gentleman
Romane
,
¶
Item
,
For
that
Vsury
was
the
decay
of
a
huge
¶
Item
,
From
hence
forth
,
no
necessitie
be
considered
¶
Item
,
He
enacted
,
that
if
any
Citizin
of
Rome
,
were
found
idle
,
by
the
space
of
one
whole
day
,
vnlesse
,
¶
Item
:
He
commaunded
,
that
the
Controwlers
o●…
the
Ma●…ttes
,
should
be
honest
men
,
and
¶
Item
:
To
auoide
cause
of
Infection
,
and
horrible
¶
Item
:
He
commaunded
,
that
men
of
corrupt
and
¶
Item
,
He
commaunded
that
the
Baynes
,
by
discreete
keepers
,
should
be
kept
very
neate
and
sweet
,
¶
Item
,
Of
his
own
charge
,
he
builded
three
Hospitalles
,
¶
Item
:
He
commaunded
,
that
vnto
a
nomber
of
yong
diseased
vacabunds
,
there
shuld
be
ministred
,
¶
Item
:
He
commaunded
,
that
all
the
forsaytures
which
were
leuied
,
vpon
the
Gooddes
of
Offenders
¶
Item
:
He
commaunded
,
that
no
man
should
weare
in
his
Apparayle
,
no
maner
of
Stuffe
,
other
The
lyke
Statute
was
established
in
all
the
Cytties
of
Italye
:
by
meanes
wherof
,
Rome
and
all
the
other
Cyties
were
stoared
of
good
Workemen
,
and
the
poore
people
,
no
excuse
for
Idlenes
.
¶
Item
:
He
commaunded
,
that
in
vittailing
and
¶
Item
:
Euery
Cittizyn
,
was
straightly
forbidden
,
to
eate
or
drinke
in
any
Tauerne
,
or
vittayling
¶
Item
:
He
commaunded
,
that
all
corrupt
and
deceitfull
Bargayners
,
should
bee
punished
with
the
¶
Item
:
He
commaunded
:
that
ifany
baace
condicioned
Item
:
He
commaunded
,
that
the
Playes
,
called
Florales
and
Luberales
,
and
the
beastly
Ceremonies
¶
Item
:
He
ordayned
,
that
if
any
man
were
founde
playing
at
the
Dice
,
he
shuld
be
taken
,
for
a
stantick
Vnto
these
Lawes
,
was
added
this
Confyrmation
.
¶
These
Lawes
,
decreed
by
the
Senate
,
enacted
by
the
people
,
comfirmed
by
the
imperiall
Maiestie
,
be
(
for
euer
)
established
:
and
(
neuer
)
by
anye
other
Lawe
,
Custome
or
Ordinance
,
be
abolyshed
.
And
who
,
that
with
violence
,
resisteth
against
them
,
let
him
be
taken
for
a
Rebell
and
Ennemie
vnto
the
W●…alepublique
.
Of
the
great
Wisdome
of
ALEXANDER
,
in
electyng
of
Graue
Counsellers
,
Officers
,
and
Admynistrators
of
Iustice
.
THE
Noble
and
vertuous
Emperour
(
prudently
)
forsawe
,
that
the
seuerest
lawes
,
were
(
without
execution
)
but
like
vnto
painted
Fire
,
which
giueth
no
heat
:
or
(
as
the
Phylosopher
,
Cleanthes
sayth
:
)
Lyke
vnto
Cobwebs
,
through
which
,
the
Hornets
breake
when
the
small
Flies
are
intangled
.
And
(
truely
)
without
due
Administration
,
law
is
like
to
a
Backswoorde
,
the
edge
wherof
,
smiteth
the
poore
,
and
the
blunt
backe
,
the
higher
powers
.
But
to
auoyd
this
parcialytie
:
the
good
Alexander
,
made
choyce
of
such
worthy
Maiestrates
,
as
(
playnly
)
refuted
this
Maxime
of
Aristotle
.
Amor
et
odium
,
et
proprium
commodum
,
Semper
facient
Iudices
,
non
cognoscere
verum
.
In
Englysh
,
thus
:
¶
Loue
,
Hate
,
and
priuate
gayne
,
From
vpright
trueth
,
the
Iudge
doth
alwayes
straine
None
of
these
Assections
,
could
(
neyther
)
blinde
their
eyes
,
nor
binde
their
handes
:
They
measured
Iustice
,
neither
by
the
mightinesse
nor
meanenesse
of
the
Person
,
but
by
the
equitie
of
the
cause
:
and
it
stoode
them
in
hande
,
to
deale
thus
vprightly
:
for
if
any
corruption
were
founde
in
their
Iudgements
,
the
Emperour
himselfe
,
did
(
seuere
)
Iustice
vppon
the
vniust
Maiestrate
,
that
abused
his
Auctorytie
,
and
iniured
the
people
:
let
Vetronius
Turinus
,
be
example
,
for
many
.
This
Tu●…us
,
was
a
man
of
much
Honour
,
great
learning
and
wisdome
:
and
for
many
vertues
,
was
of
the
Emperour
singularly
)
fauoured
:
but
,
abusing
the
Emperour
and
his
own
good
fortune
,
vnder
colour
of
often
and
familiar
conference
with
Alexander
,
he
receiued
many
Brybes
to
obtaine
great
sutes
,
aboue
his
power
to
compasse
:
whiche
beyng
prooued
agaynst
him
,
the
Emperours
sentence
was
:
That
in
the
Market
place
,
he
should
bee
bownde
vnto
a
Stake
,
and
with
a
Smoake
of
greene
Stickes
and
wette
Stubbie
,
should
be
smoothred
to
death
:
And
duryng
the
tyme
of
his
Cxemtion
,
he
commaunded
a
Beadell
to
●…ye
:
With
Fume
let
him
die
,
that
Fumes
hath
fould
.
Thus
,
no
knowen
Offender
,
escaped
the
vengeance
of
his
seuerytie
:
and
(
which
won
him
as
much
loue
,
as
his
Iustice
did
feare
,
)
he
incouraged
&
comforted
good
&
vertuous
men
,
with
many
great
gifts
and
fauours
.
¶
That
Rome
might
prosper
,
by
the
confusion
of
vice
:
First
,
he
ordayned
(
accordyng
to
the
counsell
of
PLATO
,
)
three-score
graue
persons
,
which
were
named
,
CONSERVATORS
of
the
Weale-publique
:
for
euery
Tribe
had
two
:
Roome
beynge
¶
Item
:
That
the
Maidens
,
duryng
the
said
Age
,
were
brought
vp
in
shamefastnes
,
humblenes
,
and
¶
Item
:
their
charge
was
,
to
controwle
Howse-houlders
of
euery
degree
,
if
there
were
fownde
any
¶
Item
:
Twice
(
by
the
weeke
)
they
were
bownd
to
make
Presentment
of
the
Disorders
whiche
they
¶
The
Prouost
punished
suche
,
as
offended
in
other
¶
Item
:
The
Emperour
augmented
the
nomber
¶
Item
:
He
made
choyce
,
of
very
honest
men
to
be
Purueiours
for
grayne
,
but
changed
them
euery
¶
Item
:
He
apoincted
Baylyffes
,
Receiuers
,
Suru●…iours
,
and
such
like
Officers
,
but
fauoured
them
not
,
saying
:
they
were
necessarie
euils
:
And
if
they
hast●…e
gathered
much
riches
,
he
would
take
away
al
that
they
had
.
Telling
them
.
Let
it
suffice
,
that
you
haue
taken
so
long
pleasure
with
my
goodes
:
and
beware
that
you
take
not
from
other
men
vniustly
,
least
I
be
more
angrie
with
you
.
¶
Item
:
To
be
Iudges
of
these
Officers
,
as
also
of
the
behauiours
of
all
the
people
of
Rome
,
sauing
Senatores
,
Gentlemen
or
Citizens
.
This
prudent
Emperour
appointed
two
of
his
priuie
Counsel
,
worthy
and
graue
Senators
,
to
be
Censors
in
Rome
,
whose
names
were
Fabius
Sabinus
,
and
Catillius
Seuerus
.
The
office
of
the
Censors
,
were
to
note
the
manners
of
euerie
person
,
aboue
the
degree
of
the
common
people
.
So
that
if
a
Knight
,
Iudge
,
or
Senator
,
did
any
thing
vnseeming
the
Honour
of
their
Degree
,
their
charge
was
,
to
degrade
hym
of
his
office
,
or
Dignitie
.
In
whiche
,
they
vsed
suche
rigour
,
as
no
man
might
(
lawfully
)
boast
of
fauor
.
In
so
much
,
as
the
Emperars
Pallace
was
not
free
from
their
iurisdiction
.
For
they
meeting
with
Aurelius
Philippus
,
(
who
was
sometime
the
Emperours
schoolmaster
,
and
after
wrote
his
life
)
riding
in
a
Chariot
,
looking
to
be
saluted
as
a
Senatour
,
they
foorth
with
executed
an
auncient
law
vpon
the
said
Philippus
:
which
was
,
that
no
bond-man
,
although
hee
were
manumissed
,
should
be
a
Senatour
:
And
at
that
time
,
it
was
lawful
for
no
person
vnder
the
degree
of
a
Setour
to
ride
in
a
Chariot
.
Philippus
was
sometime
a
bond-man
,
and
therefore
,
for
breach
of
this
lawe
,
the
Censors
sent
him
first
to
prison
,
and
after
,
forbad
him
to
come
to
the
Emperors
pallace
,
but
(
onelie
)
a
foot
,
and
his
copped
Cappe
vpon
his
head
:
which
fashion
was
o●…elie
vsed
of
them
that
were
enfranc●…sed
.
Some
of
the
Noble-men
thought
,
the
Cenfors
dealt
verse
sharplie
with
Philippus
,
considering
,
that
hee
was
a
man
of
much
honestie
,
and
great
learning
,
and
so
certefied
the
Emperour
.
But
the
Emperour
approoued
their
Iustice
,
and
answered
:
If
the
common
wealth
may
euermore
haue
such
officers
,
in
short
space
,
there
shall
be
found
in
Roome
more
men
worthie
to
be
Emperours
,
than
I
(
at
my
first
comming
)
found
good
Senators
.
And
vndoubtedlie
,
where
the
offences
of
the
best
are
neuer
pardoned
,
the
worst
will
amend
for
feare
of
extreeme
vengeance
.
The
proofe
appeareth
in
Alexanders
gouernment
:
who
(
by
the
seuere
execution
of
the
lawes
,
so
brideled
the
dispositions
of
the
wicked
,
that
it
may
be
saide
,
they
grew
to
be
vertuous
rather
by
custome
,
then
good
inclination
.
Yea
,
it
is
written
,
that
his
seueritie
thus
much
profited
:
As
leading
a
great
armie
against
Artaxerses
,
the
Persians
,
said
,
he
had
brought
an
armie
of
Senatours
,
rather
than
of
Soldiours
,
when
at
his
comming
to
the
Empire
,
the
Senatours
(
manie
of
them
)
were
as
dissolute
as
common
Soldiers
.
And
one
especiall
THE
(
most
Noble
and
prudent
)
Kynge
,
Kynge
HENRY
,
the
seuenth
,
the
Queenes
(
most
excellent
Richard
Empson
,
Knight
,
and
Richarde
Dudley
,
Esquier
:
who
so
seuerely
chastened
the
rich
and
great
Offenders
,
as
they
stirred
the
inconstant
communaltie
,
after
the
death
of
the
vertuous
Henrie
the
seuenth
,
to
seeke
their
lyues
:
who
had
their
willes
,
for
feare
of
Commotion
,
thease
two
worthie
Maiestrates
weare
beheaded
:
And
(
vndoubtedly
)
their
deathes
,
is
a
testimonie
of
as
great
vertue
,
as
their
liues
,
a
Monument
of
Iustice
:
for
the
multitude
,
are
the
mortall
Enemies
Themistocles
,
Photion
,
&
many
mo
,
whome
Histories
record
,
to
shewe
the
light
Iudgementes
of
Commons
,
Danté
,
the
Italian
Poet
,
saithful
truely
of
them
:
it
is
seldome
seene
,
that
the
people
crye
not
:
Viua
la
mia
morte
,
innoia
la
mia
vita
:
Let
liue
my
death
:
let
die
my
lyfe
:
Yea
,
those
great
estates
,
that
seek
to
please
the
people
,
for
the
most
parte
,
haue
had
the
endes
of
enemies
to
their
Countrey
.
When
Cicero
sawe
that
Caesar
was
in
hye
fauour
with
the
people
of
Rome
,
he
cryed
out
:
It
is
great
pitie
,
that
the
affabilitie
of
Cesar
,
should
be
the
ouerthrow
of
the
Weale-publique
.
And
(
truely
)
Cicero
,
prophesied
rightly
:
●…or
,
by
their
fauour
,
Caesar
iudged
the
Iudgementes
of
the
Senate
,
and
sent
the
good
and
graue
Cato
to
Prison
,
whose
vertues
,
obtayned
reuerence
of
the
woorst
liuers
.
But
(
notwithstandyng
)
the
Affections
of
the
multitude
,
coueiteth
their
owne
vndoynges
,
yet
their
incouragement
proceedeth
of
greater
capacyties
:
And
(
therfore
)
the
redy
way
to
keepe
them
in
awe
,
is
(
seuerely
)
to
punysh
their
Chief-taynes
,
In
all
tumultes
,
it
is
(
euidently
)
seene
,
that
if
their
Captaynes
yelde
,
they
ronne
away
:
if
their
Incouragers
be
dismayde
,
they
sing
,
Peccaui
:
do
Iustice
vpon
the
great
Offenders
,
and
the
meaner
wyll
soone
amend
:
Alexander
(
in
his
Gouernment
)
found
it
true
:
who
,
in
the
Execution
of
the
Lawes
,
made
no
difference
of
persons
:
saue
,
that
,
to
the
inferiour
people
,
he
was
(
euermore
)
most
mercifull
.
FINIS
.