¶
The
Arte
of
shooting
in
great
Ordinance
.
CHAPTER
.
I
How
to
know
the
goodnesse
or
badnesse
of
Pouder
.
FIrst
concerning
Powder
,
for
that
it
is
the
chiefest
matter
as
touching
the
shooting
in
Ordinance
.
According
to
some
Authours
,
the
first
deuice
of
the
making
thereof
beganne
in
Germany
,
by
a
Monke
named
Bertholdus
Schwartus
,
neere
about
the
yeare
of
oure
Lorde
.
1380.
and
since
that
time
it
hath
bine
put
in
practise
from
time
to
time
,
and
from
age
to
age
,
both
by
the
learned
Mathematicians
,
and
also
by
the
best
Machanisianes
,
besides
a
number
of
other
common
people
,
as
well
by
them
that
haue
bine
seruetours
,
in
martial
affayres
,
as
all
other
,
so
that
of
the
making
of
the
peter
,
and
also
of
the
pouder
,
hath
bin
made
great
proofe
vnto
the
vttermost
,
as
touching
the
force
of
pouder
,
so
that
it
is
not
vnknowen
now
in
these
dayes
,
what
quantitie
of
euery
seuerall
sortes
of
receiptes
doth
make
the
strongest
sortes
of
pouder
,
besides
the
perfit-refining
of
the
salte
peter
,
&
also
the
thorough
working
of
the
receiptes
in
the
making
of
the
pouder
,
so
that
it
is
now
come
to
passe
in
these
dayes
,
that
the
making
of
the
pouder
,
and
also
the
making
of
the
saltpeter
,
is
become
(
in
respect
)
a
common
thing
amongst
a
number
of
people
,
as
it
is
made
commonly
in
many
partes
in
Germanie
by
the
Boures
or
husbandmen
,
and
also
by
the
women
:
wherefore
it
were
but
superfluous
to
say
any
thinge
therein
,
considering
how
well
the
making
thereof
is
knowen
vnto
a
number
of
people
,
and
therefore
the
principallest
thinge
in
the
shooting
of
Ordinance
,
is
to
knowe
the
goodnesse
or
the
badnesse
of
the
pouder
,
and
that
is
knowen
after
the
common
order
,
that
is
,
by
three
kinde
of
meanes
,
first
by
the
tasting
of
the
tongue
,
knowing
by
the
sharpnesse
thereof
,
whether
that
there
be
sufficient
of
the
maister
or
peter
or
not
:
and
secondly
it
is
knowen
by
the
coulour
,
for
the
good
pouder
hath
somewhat
a
blewish
coulour
,
and
if
it
be
Sarpentine
pouder
,
then
the
pouder
will
be
as
fine
as
sande
,
and
as
soft
as
floure
,
and
that
signifyeth
,
that
it
is
well
wrought
,
and
otherwise
it
will
be
harshe
in
your
hande
,
and
clammish
,
and
looke
with
a
darkish
blacke
coulour
,
and
that
signifyeth
that
it
is
wel
wrought
,
and
the
maister
not
refyned
:
and
the
third
&
principall
is
knowen
by
the
burning
,
for
if
it
be
verie
good
pouder
,
then
in
the
burning
,
the
fire
wil
be
gone
in
the
twinckling
of
an
eye
at
a
verie
suddayne
,
&
wyll
giue
a
snap
or
suddayne
puffe
,
&
nothing
remaining
afterwardes
,
but
a
white
moke
on
that
place
whereas
it
was
burned
:
but
badde
pouder
in
the
burning
fireth
not
so
quickely
,
but
fireth
as
dothe
a
fire
worke
,
very
slowly
,
makyng
some
hissing
,
and
after
the
burning
,
there
wyll
remaine
certayne
burreles
or
knottes
that
wyll
consume
vnto
moysture
,
and
be
darkishe
,
and
that
sygnifieth
that
the
peter
or
mayster
was
not
well
refyned
,
neyther
the
pouder
well
wrought
:
And
after
the
burning
of
some
kinde
of
pouder
,
there
wyll
remayne
certayne
whyte
burrles
,
or
knottes
(
as
before
is
rehearsed
)
that
will
remaine
hard
,
and
not
consume
after
the
burning
,
and
that
sygnifyeth
,
that
the
pouder
dothe
lacke
of
the
maister
or
peter
.
And
also
here
is
one
principall
thinge
to
bee
noted
,
that
when
pouder
is
drye
,
then
the
force
of
it
in
respecte
,
is
as
it
were
double
,
or
a
quarter
stronger
,
than
when
it
is
moyste
and
darkishe
,
whether
the
pouder
bee
goode
or
badde
.
And
also
that
pouder
that
is
verie
good
and
well
made
,
yet
maye
happen
to
become
moyste
,
as
manye
times
by
carriage
too
and
fro
in
rayny
weather
,
and
also
by
laying
it
in
some
moist
places
,
the
caske
beeyng
not
very
close
and
tyght
,
that
the
pouder
may
growe
dankishe
.
And
also
those
kinde
of
pouders
that
the
peter
or
maister
is
not
well
refyned
,
but
left
full
of
salte
,
although
that
the
pouder
bee
neuer
so
drye
when
it
is
layd
vp
,
yet
it
will
giue
agayne
in
rayny
&
heather
,
and
become
moyst
,
how
drye
soeuer
the
place
be
that
it
is
layde
vp
in
.
Wherefore
there
are
a
number
of
thinges
to
bee
considered
in
pouder
,
as
touching
the
shooting
in
great
Ordinance
,
in
a
number
of
causes
:
for
men
of
reason
maye
know
by
the
burning
,
coulour
,
tastyng
,
and
the
handling
of
pouder
,
which
is
good
,
&
which
is
badde
:
but
to
say
iustly
how
much
the
one
sorte
of
pouder
is
stronger
or
weaker
than
another
sorte
of
pouder
is
,
that
is
harde
to
knowe
,
although
he
be
the
maker
of
the
pouder
,
and
hath
wayed
out
perticularly
the
receiptes
of
the
pouder
:
and
the
meanes
thereof
commeth
to
passe
,
as
this
,
by
the
working
thereof
,
and
by
the
meanes
of
the
drying
thereof
,
and
by
the
moisting
or
giuing
of
it
againe
,
and
especially
if
the
pouder
haue
bin
long
made
:
so
that
it
is
a
hard
matter
if
a
man
haue
of
sundry
sortes
of
pouder
,
to
say
iustly
that
thus
much
in
weyghte
of
this
sorte
of
pouder
,
will
doe
as
muche
,
that
is
to
say
,
to
bee
equall
in
force
,
as
so
much
in
weyghte
of
that
sorte
of
pouder
,
vntill
that
it
be
putte
in
proofe
in
the
shooting
it
in
Ordinance
.
And
thus
I
doe
ceasse
to
write
any
more
at
this
time
of
Pouder
.
CHAPTER
.
II.
To
know
whether
any
peece
of
Ordinance
be
truelie
bored
,
by
the
helpe
of
certaine
instrumentes
.
TO
know
whether
that
any
peece
of
Ordinance
be
truly
bored
,
ther
be
diuers
waies
Geometrically
for
it
to
be
done
,
but
some
of
them
be
too
tedious
,
therefore
for
an
easie
way
,
they
must
make
this
kinde
of
instrument
of
two
peeces
of
small
timber
,
or
two
right
staues
,
that
must
be
as
long
as
the
hollow
or
concauitie
of
the
peece
,
which
must
be
made
in
this
forme
,
&
the
〈◊〉
must
be
made
so
fast
at
the
one
end
,
that
it
be
not
wider
asunder
at
the
one
end
,
than
it
is
at
the
other
end
,
&
so
made
fast
,
that
they
swarue
not
eyther
wider
or
narrower
:
and
then
putting
one
of
the
●●aues
into
the
mouth
of
the
peece
,
and
so
measuring
or
trying
the
peece
rounde
about
with
the
staffe
that
is
without
the
peece
,
with
an
ynche
rule
,
you
shall
know
whether
that
the
core
or
hollownesse
of
the
peece
do
〈◊〉
right
in
the
middle
of
the
mettle
,
and
if
it
doe
not
,
you
shall
see
howe
much
the
mettell
is
thicker
on
the
one
side
,
than
it
is
on
the
other
.
And
also
it
is
very
good
for
you
when
you
do
meane
to
trie
the
peece
,
to
prepare
rammer
head
that
is
made
fitte
for
the
peece
,
and
to
put
it
vppon
the
staffe
that
you
do
put
into
the
peece
,
and
to
be
made
fast
vnto
the
side
of
the
staffe
,
and
side
of
the
rammer
head
,
in
such
sort
,
that
it
may
keepe
the
staffe
close
vnto
the
side
of
the
peece
,
which
it
will
do
the
better
,
if
the
rammer
head
be
to
low
,
and
then
to
haue
a
peece
of
a
Sheepes
skinne
made
fast
,
or
nayled
vnto
the
contrarie
side
of
the
rammer
heade
,
and
so
it
will
keepe
the
long
staffe
close
vnto
the
side
of
the
peece
,
as
by
these
two
figures
following
you
may
perceiue
.
And
furthermore
,
they
may
make
this
kinde
of
instrument
following
,
of
yron
,
or
any
other
stuffe
meete
for
the
purpose
,
for
to
gripe
the
peece
in
euery
place
at
your
pleasure
.
This
instrumente
muste
bee
double
the
length
of
the
hollow
or
concauitie
of
the
peece
,
and
then
you
muste
put
one
of
the
right
ones
into
the
mouth
of
the
peece
,
and
then
griping
the
instrument
together
,
then
that
parte
that
is
without
the
peece
,
and
that
shall
shewe
you
howe
many
ynches
and
partes
of
an
ynche
the
mettall
is
of
thicknes
,
without
any
fayle
:
and
then
trying
the
peece
round
about
in
euery
place
,
the
truth
of
the
thicknes
of
the
mettall
shal
appeare
.
CHAPTER
.
III.
How
muche
Pouder
will
serue
any
peece
of
Ordnaunce
,
by
the
weight
of
the
peece
,
and
weight
of
the
shot
:
and
at
the
end
of
this
Chapter
,
there
is
a
Table
that
doth
declare
the
weight
of
Iron
shott
.
TO
know
how
much
powder
will
serue
any
peece
of
Ordnaunce
,
there
be
two
speciall
points
to
be
obserued
,
that
is
to
say
,
the
weight
of
the
shotte
of
yron
,
and
the
weight
of
the
mettall
of
the
peece
:
and
this
is
a
generall
rule
,
the
peece
hauing
a
reasonable
length
,
that
is
to
say
,
that
according
vnto
the
accustomable
manner
,
according
vnto
the
names
of
the
peece
or
peeces
,
all
those
peeces
that
haue
two
hundred
weight
of
mettall
,
or
vpwardes
vnto
one
pounde
weight
of
shotte
,
must
haue
as
much
Sarpentine
pouder
as
the
shotte
waieth
.
And
all
those
peeces
that
haue
three
hundred
weight
in
mettall
,
vnto
one
pound
weight
of
shot
,
doe
require
as
muche
Sarpentine
pouder
as
the
shotte
wayeth
,
and
one
ninth
parte
more
.
And
all
those
peeces
the
haue
vnder
two
hundred
weight
of
mettall
,
and
more
than
one
hundred
and
a
halfe
,
may
haue
as
much
Sarpentine
pouder
as
the
shot
weieth
,
lacking
one
ninth
part
.
And
all
those
peeces
that
haue
one
hundred
&
a
halfe
of
mettall
or
there
about
,
vnto
one
pound
weight
of
the
shotte
,
must
lack
2/9
partes
of
pouder
that
the
shotte
waieth
.
And
all
those
peeces
that
haue
but
little
more
than
one
hundred
,
&
vnder
one
hundred
&
a
halfe
,
must
lacke
3/9
partes
of
the
weight
of
the
pouder
that
the
shot
waieth
,
that
is
but
⅔
parts
.
Therfore
for
the
making
of
Ladels
for
anye
peece
or
peeces
of
Ordnaunce
,
this
thing
must
be
noted
.
First
,
take
the
compasse
of
the
shot
for
the
peece
that
you
do
make
the
Ladel
for
,
and
then
diuide
,
or
put
the
compasse
of
the
shotte
into
.
5.
equall
parts
,
and
then
cut
the
plate
of
the
Ladel
in
breadth
of
three
of
those
fiue
partes
,
and
put
the
other
⅖
partes
away
,
and
then
bende
the
plate
for
the
breadth
of
the
Ladell
,
according
vnto
the
compasse
of
the
shotte
,
so
that
it
may
goe
easily
into
the
mouth
of
the
peece
:
for
⅗
partes
is
for
to
hold
the
pouder
,
to
the
intent
to
put
it
into
the
peece
,
and
the
⅖
parts
be
put
away
,
to
be
open
to
turne
the
pouder
into
the
peece
.
And
now
furthermore
,
for
the
lenght
of
the
plate
of
the
ladell
,
heere
is
one
thinge
to
be
noted
,
that
euery
nine
balles
or
shot
being
layde
close
together
,
and
the
plate
being
bent
,
and
cut
off
that
breeadth
before
rehearsed
,
and
the
plate
in
length
to
be
cut
off
,
that
number
of
ynches
that
the
nine
shottes
dothe
reache
,
and
that
plate
being
equally
filled
with
Sarpentine
pouder
,
wyll
holde
the
iust
weyghte
in
pouder
that
the
shotte
weyeth
.
Therefore
for
the
length
of
the
plate
of
the
Ladell
,
thus
you
must
vse
it
as
followeth
.
For
to
make
a
Ladell
for
a
double
Canon
,
and
the
peece
weying
generally
more
or
lesse
.
7000.
or
.
8000.
and
the
shott
weying
within
little
more
or
lesse
.
64.
pounde
,
that
is
,
but
little
more
than
one
hundred
of
mettall
,
vnto
one
pounde
weyght
of
the
shot
,
therfore
this
peece
may
lack
⅓
part
of
the
weyght
in
pouder
that
the
shot
weyeth
:
therefore
they
must
cut
the
plate
of
the
Ladell
but.
3.
times
the
length
of
the
shot
,
in
ynches
and
partes
of
ynches
,
and
this
Ladel
twice
equally
filled
,
shall
be
the
dutie
of
the
peece
.
Then
for
to
make
a
Ladel
for
a
Demy
Canon
,
as
the
peece
in
mettall
weyeth
generally
more
or
lesse
.
5000
or
.
5700.
and
the
shotte
weyeth
more
or
lesse
.
34.
pounde
,
whiche
is
about
an
hundred
and
a
halfe
of
mettall
,
vnto
one
pounde
weighte
of
the
shotte
,
therefore
you
must
cutte
the
plate
of
the
Ladell
three
shots
or
balles
and
a
halfe
high
,
or
.
4.
shots
or
balles
high
.
In
ynches
and
partes
of
ynches
,
according
vnto
the
fortifying
of
the
peece
with
the
mettall
,
and
the
Ladell
twice
equally
filled
,
to
be
the
dutie
of
the
peece
.
And
for
to
make
a
ladell
for
a
double
Culuering
,
those
peeces
being
double
fortified
with
mettall
,
and
the
peece
waying
generally
more
or
lesse
foure
thousande
,
or
foure
thousande
eyght
hundred
,
and
the
shotte
waying
more
or
lesse
17.
pounds
,
that
is
,
about
three
hundred
weight
of
mettall
,
vnto
one
pounde
weight
of
shotte
.
Therefore
you
must
cut
the
plate
of
the
ladell
in
length
about
the
height
of
fiue
shotte
or
balles
,
in
ynches
and
partes
:
this
ladell
being
twice
equally
filled
,
shall
be
the
dutie
of
the
peece
.
And
in
like
manner
the
demy
Culuering
,
and
Falcons
,
and
Falckonets
,
be
double
fortifyed
with
metall
:
therefore
you
must
mak
their
ladell
in
length
fiue
shottes
or
balles
,
in
ynches
or
partes
,
and
that
ladell
twice
equally
filled
,
shal
be
the
dutie
of
the
peece
.
And
furthermore
,
some
Sakars
and
Minions
haue
but
two
hundred
weigth
of
mettall
vnto
one
pounde
weight
of
the
shotte
:
therefore
you
must
cut
the
plate
of
the
ladell
in
length
but
of
foure
shottes
or
balles
&
a
halfe
high
:
and
that
ladell
twice
equally
filled
,
shall
be
the
dutie
of
the
peece
.
And
furthermore
,
now
of
late
yeares
,
they
haue
deuised
a
more
stronger
sorte
of
pouder
,
and
not
without
good
cause
why
,
for
the
base
pouder
is
not
so
good
,
if
that
it
should
come
vnto
seruice
,
as
corne
pouder
,
or
any
other
pouder
is
,
that
hath
receipt
ynough
,
and
well
wrought
:
for
the
base
pouder
dothe
heate
and
streyne
the
peece
more
than
the
good
pouder
doth
:
for
if
it
be
rammed
in
hard
,
them
because
it
is
not
so
quicke
in
the
fiering
,
it
lyeth
and
bloweth
in
the
breech
of
the
peece
,
before
it
can
take
fire
,
so
by
that
meanes
it
heateth
and
streineth
the
peece
,
and
halfe
of
the
force
of
the
pouder
is
gone
,
before
the
shotte
be
deliuered
:
and
then
they
must
vse
batement
for
to
saue
the
peece
.
Nowe
whereas
they
shoote
good
pouder
,
or
cornepouder
,
they
take
much
lesse
pouder
,
and
it
sendeth
the
shotte
quicker
awaye
,
and
it
dothe
not
heate
the
peece
so
fast
:
for
this
we
doe
see
by
common
experience
,
that
a
little
heat
by
long
continuance
,
doth
heat
more
than
a
great
heat
by
little
continuance
.
And
furthermore
,
in
the
shooting
of
good
pouder
,
they
shall
not
shew
themselues
so
often
vnto
their
enemies
.
And
especially
,
the
pouder
woulde
be
put
in
cartredges
,
for
in
mine
opinion
,
it
is
a
greate
deale
better
,
for
to
charge
a
peace
in
time
of
seruice
with
a
Cartredge
,
than
with
a
Ladell
,
for
diuers
considerations
,
as
I
doe
more
at
large
declarein
the
sixth
Chapter
.
And
furthermore
,
for
to
charge
a
peece
with
corne-pouder
,
or
any
other
good
pouder
,
for
the
most
parte
,
therof
two
pounde
will
goe
as
farre
as
three
pound
of
Serpentine
pouder
.
As
for
example
:
that
double
Culuering
that
requireth
eyghteēe
pounde
of
Serpentine
pouder
,
twelue
pounde
of
reasonable
corne
pouder
will
serue
,
according
to
the
goodnes
of
the
making
of
the
pouder
.
And
furthermore
,
vpon
good
considerations
,
for
diuers
causes
,
and
especially
for
the
Queenes
Nauie
,
they
haue
deuised
to
make
their
Ordnaunce
shorter
than
the
accustomed
manner
,
and
so
by
that
meanes
they
are
lighter
than
the
peeces
before
time
made
,
and
yet
as
seruiceable
as
the
longer
in
some
points
,
shooting
that
weight
in
pouder
,
and
the
shotte
that
the
heauier
doth
,
in
all
poyntes
as
the
other
:
for
that
mettall
that
is
taken
from
the
length
of
the
peece
,
hurteth
not
the
fortifiyng
of
the
peece
.
And
as
for
the
making
of
the
Cartredges
for
any
peece
,
it
is
easie
ynough
to
be
done
:
for
the
compasse
of
the
shotte
,
and
the
length
of
the
Ladel
,
shall
●ule
that
matter
well
ynough
.
Nowe
shall
followe
a
rule
to
know
the
weyghte
of
the
yron
shotte
,
by
the
height
of
the
shotte
.
A
Table
to
knowe
the
weight
of
yron
shotte
.
-
A
Shot
of
2.
ynches
high
,
doth
wey
.
1.
lb.
1.
ounce
.
¾
.
-
A
shot
of
.
2.
ynches
¼
high
,
doth
wey
.
1.
lb.
9.
ounces
.
⅓
.
-
A
shot
of
.
2.
ynches
d.
high
,
doth
wey
.
2.
lb.
2.
ounces
.
-
A
shot
.
2.
inches
.
3.
quar.
high
,
doth
wey
.
2.
lb.
14.
ounces
.
-
A
shot
.
3.
ynches
high
,
doth
wey
.
3.
lb.
12.
ounces
.
-
A
shot
.
3.
inches
a
quar.
high
,
doth
wey
.
4.
lb.
12.
ounces
.
-
A
shot
.
3.
ynches
d.
high
,
doth
wey
.
6.
lb.
lacke
.
1.
ounce
.
-
A
shot
.
3.
ynches
.
3.
quar.
high
,
doth
wey
.
7.
lb.
5.
ounces
.
-
A
shot
.
4.
ynches
high
,
doth
wey
.
8.
lb.
15.
ounces
.
-
A
shot
.
4.
inches
a
qua
high
,
doth
wey
.
10.
lb.
10.
ounces
.
-
A
shot
.
4.
ynches
d.
high
,
doth
wey
.
12.
lb.
10.
ounces
.
-
A
shot
.
4.
inches
.
3.
qua
▪
high
,
doth
wey
.
14.
lb.
14.
ounces
.
-
A
shot
.
5.
ynches
high
,
doth
wey
.
17.
lb.
5.
ounces
.
-
A
shot
.
5.
ynches
a
quar.
high
,
doth
wey
.
20
lb.
1.
ounce
,
-
A
shot
.
5.
ynches
d.
high
,
doth
wey
.
23.
lb.
2.
ounces
.
-
A
shot
.
5.
inches
.
3.
quar.
high
,
doth
wey
.
26.
lb.
6.
ounces
.
-
A
shot
.
6.
ynches
high
,
doth
wey
.
30.
pound
.
-
A
shot
.
6.
ynches
a
quarter
high
,
doth
wey
.
34.
pound
.
-
A
shot
.
6.
inches
d
high
,
doth
wey
.
38.
pound
.
-
A
shot
.
6.
inches
three
quar.
high
,
doth
wey
.
42.
pound
.
-
A
shot
.
7.
ynches
high
,
doth
wey
.
48.
pound
.
-
A
shot
.
7.
ynches
a
quarter
high
,
doth
wey
.
53.
pound
.
-
A
shot
.
7.
ynches
d.
high
,
doth
wey
.
58.
pound
.
-
A
shot
.
7.
ynches
three
quarters
high
,
doth
wey
.
64.
lb.
-
A
shot
.
8.
ynches
high
,
doth
wey
.
71.
pound
.
-
A
shot
.
8.
ynches
a
quarter
high
,
doth
wey
.
78.
pound
.
-
A
shot
.
9.
ynches
high
,
doth
wey
.
101.
pound
.
-
A
shot
.
10.
ynches
high
,
doth
wey
138.
pound
.
-
A
shot
.
11.
ynches
high
,
doth
wey
.
184.
pound
.
-
A
shot
.
12
ynches
high
,
doth
wey
.
240.
pound
.
-
A
shot
.
13.
ynches
high
,
doth
wey
.
305.
pound
.
-
A
shot
.
14.
ynches
high
,
doth
wey
.
380.
pound
.
CHAPTER
.
IIII.
To
dispart
any
peece
of
Ordnaunce
truely
.
OF
all
thinges
belonging
vnto
a
Gunner
,
the
chiefest
is
,
to
bring
the
mettall
of
hys
peece
euen
,
for
else
hee
shall
neuer
shoote
iust
to
his
marke
,
which
Gunners
call
disparting
of
their
peeces
:
and
there
be
many
wayes
to
do
it
.
Nowe
to
disparte
your
peece
,
do
this
,
take
a
string
,
such
a
one
as
will
not
stretch
,
then
gird
your
peece
about
hir
tayle
or
great
ende
,
in
the
very
biggest
place
of
the
peece
,
then
measure
the
line
iustly
how
many
ynches
the
peece
was
in
the
compasse
,
and
then
looke
howe
many
.
22.
ynches
there
be
in
the
compasse
,
take
so
many
.
7.
ynches
for
the
Dyametre
,
highte
,
or
thicknes
of
the
circle
,
for
in
al
circles
being
perfect
round
,
as
timber
,
stone
,
or
any
other
mettall
,
looke
howe
many
.
22.
ynches
there
be
in
the
circumference
or
compasse
,
so
many
times
.
7.
there
is
in
the
Diametre
or
height
,
then
the
height
or
thicknes
of
the
breech
of
the
peece
beeyng
knowen
,
looke
how
many
ynches
and
partes
of
an
ynche
it
commeth
vnto
,
then
lay
that
vnto
the
mouth
of
the
peece
,
and
looke
howe
muche
of
that
doth
remayne
ouer
,
then
take
halfe
of
that
for
your
dispart
.
But
some
doe
vse
to
gird
them
(
as
afore
is
saide
)
and
do
put
that
into
three
equall
partes
,
but
that
is
not
the
exacte
way
,
although
it
dothe
goe
somewhat
neere
the
matter
.
Some
also
wyll
take
a
priming
yron
,
and
put
it
into
the
tutchhole
,
and
then
lay
it
vnto
the
mouth
of
the
peece
,
and
looke
what
it
commeth
vnto
more
than
the
measure
,
they
will
take
that
for
their
dispart
:
but
that
maye
deceiue
them
,
as
it
is
generally
false
.
Wherefore
this
is
a
verye
good
way
,
to
take
youre
rule
of
two
foote
long
,
and
then
laye
that
crosse
the
tayle
of
the
peece
then
take
a
plummet
of
lead
vpon
a
line
or
a
string
.
First
holde
the
plumbe
line
on
the
one
side
close
to
the
peece
,
that
the
line
touche
the
peece
without
any
bending
,
then
on
the
other
side
,
as
circumspectly
as
you
can
,
that
the
plummet
line
touch
the
side
of
the
peece
,
without
any
bending
,
and
then
laye
that
measure
to
the
mouthe
of
the
peece
,
and
looke
what
the
ouermeasure
commeth
vnto
,
take
halfe
of
that
for
youre
true
dispart
.
Nowe
for
youre
better
instructions
by
thys
figure
.
Now
,
as
concerning
chambred
peeces
,
for
the
disparting
of
them
,
there
can
be
no
perfecte
writing
,
for
it
must
be
considered
and
handled
,
according
vnto
the
forme
of
the
Chamber
,
and
fashion
of
the
hall
of
the
peece
,
whether
it
be
Sling
,
Foller
,
Portepeece
,
or
Baces
:
but
any
reasonable
man
,
(
when
hee
doth
see
the
peece
and
the
Chamber
)
may
easily
know
what
he
must
doe
,
as
touching
those
matters
.
CHAPTER
.
5.
How
to
giue
leuell
with
any
peece
of
Ordnaunce
,
to
make
a
shotte
,
as
the
most
sortes
of
Gunners
vse
to
doe
,
although
there
be
no
Arte
in
it
FOr
the
making
of
a
shotte
,
that
is
to
saye
,
to
giue
leuell
vnto
anye
marke
assigned
,
with
a
peece
of
Ordnaunce
,
without
the
right
line
,
according
vnto
the
accustomable
manner
that
Gunners
vse
,
for
that
they
doe
not
knowe
the
distance
vnto
the
marke
,
and
therefore
doe
but
giue
a
gesse
what
aduantage
will
reach
the
marke
,
and
if
that
it
be
with
an
ynch
rule
,
then
thus
they
doe
.
First
by
their
iudgmentes
they
doe
giue
that
so
manye
ynches
aduantage
as
they
suppose
will
reach
the
marke
,
and
then
by
the
first
lighting
or
falling
of
the
shot
,
hee
doth
see
whether
it
be
shorte
or
gone
ouer
the
marke
,
and
if
it
be
shorte
,
then
at
the
next
shooting
hee
will
giue
the
peece
more
aduantage
by
the
ynch
rule
:
and
if
it
bee
ouer
,
then
he
will
giue
the
peece
lesse
aduauntage
with
the
ynche
rule
:
and
so
by
diuers
times
shooting
off
the
peece
at
a
marke
,
they
will
finde
howe
many
ynches
and
partes
will
keepe
the
length
of
the
marke
.
And
if
they
doe
not
shoote
with
an
ynche
rule
,
then
they
will
giue
the
peece
the
aduauntage
by
some
assigned
place
beyonde
the
marke
that
they
doe
shoote
at
:
and
if
the
shotte
doe
light
shorter
,
then
they
will
giue
the
peece
more
aduantage
at
the
next
shotte
:
and
if
the
shotte
be
farther
then
the
mark
,
then
they
will
giue
the
peece
lesse
aduantage
at
the
next
shotte
.
And
so
by
often
shooting
at
the
marke
,
they
will
hitte
the
length
of
the
same
,
and
then
knowing
at
what
marke
the
peece
must
bee
mounted
vnto
righte
ouer
the
marke
,
then
they
alwayes
mounte
the
peece
vnto
that
aduantage
,
and
they
shall
alwayes
keepe
the
length
of
the
marke
,
with
that
peece
at
that
marke
,
the
peece
to
bee
laden
alwayes
equally
with
Pouder
.
But
by
this
order
of
shooting
,
hee
shall
neuer
become
cunning
,
although
he
shoote
a
thousand
shootes
,
for
that
there
is
no
methode
or
order
in
the
doing
thereof
,
but
onely
with
that
peece
at
the
marke
:
for
if
you
doe
shoote
with
another
peece
at
that
marke
,
although
the
peece
dothe
shoote
that
shotte
,
and
that
weighte
in
Pouder
,
the
peece
maye
shoote
vnder
or
ouer
by
the
meanes
of
the
length
of
the
same
,
or
the
bignesse
or
smalnesse
of
the
breech
,
and
the
mouth
of
the
peece
in
mettall
.
And
to
bring
that
peece
vnto
any
other
place
,
they
must
doe
as
at
the
first
,
to
proue
what
will
reach
the
marke
:
and
therefore
this
kind
of
shooting
is
to
no
purpose
,
but
onely
in
a
Towne
or
Castell
,
in
the
time
of
seruice
,
for
him
that
hath
the
charge
of
Ordnaunce
,
to
proue
what
the
peece
will
doe
at
euery
marke
,
as
touching
the
keeping
of
the
length
of
the
marke
,
wherby
they
may
the
better
shoote
at
their
enemies
when
they
doe
serue
,
otherwise
it
will
be
to
no
great
purpose
:
for
as
often
as
you
doe
alter
or
chaunge
your
peece
,
or
take
that
peece
away
to
serue
in
an
other
place
,
so
oft
you
are
to
seeke
,
and
to
proue
the
thinge
newe
againe
,
whether
you
doe
vse
to
shoote
with
the
ynch
rule
,
or
by
the
degrees
in
the
Quadrant
:
for
if
you
doe
shoote
with
the
ynch
rule
,
then
the
length
of
the
peece
wil
alter
it
as
is
shewed
in
the
8.
chapter
following
.
And
if
you
shoote
by
the
degrees
in
the
Quadrant
,
then
the
highnesse
or
lownesse
of
the
ground
shall
cause
them
to
erre
,
as
I
doe
shew
in
the
thirteenth
Chapter
.
Wherefore
,
if
I
were
worthy
to
giue
counsell
,
I
could
shew
them
how
to
vse
the
matter
,
that
they
might
atteyne
to
know
the
length
of
the
marke
at
the
first
shotte
,
but
I
neuer
saw
it
so
handled
,
whereby
they
should
atteine
it
:
for
all
the
proofes
that
haue
beene
made
as
yet
by
Englishmen
,
are
no
proofe
,
but
altogether
to
cause
them
that
did
see
the
proofe
,
to
committe
further
errour
,
as
touching
the
distance
vnto
the
marke
,
or
hitting
the
length
of
the
marke
.
CHAPTER
.
6.
What
a
degree
is
&c.
FUrthermore
,
wheras
this
book
is
nam●
The
Arte
of
shooting
in
great
Ordnaunce
,
so
in
like
manner
I
thinke
it
conuenient
,
to
shew
you
what
the
word
Arte
meaneth
or
signifieth
,
which
is
,
the
describing
of
a
way
or
methode
,
how
to
atteyne
to
the
certayntie
of
any
matter
.
Which
as
hitherunto
I
haue
not
seen
any
such
book
,
althogh
it
hath
been
very
neer
two
hundred
yeeres
since
the
first
inuention
of
Ordnaunce
:
and
excepte
there
bee
any
better
booke
in
some
mens
hands
,
such
as
I
haue
not
seene
,
as
it
is
like
ynough
that
there
may
be
,
there
is
no
Arte
in
any
of
them
:
yet
I
haue
seene
a
number
of
bookes
that
haue
beene
written
concerning
Ordnance
,
but
surely
they
that
wrote
them
,
were
not
seene
in
any
part
of
the
Mathematical
science
,
neither
good
Machanisians
,
but
(
in
respect
)
vtterly
voyd
of
any
science
:
(
in
comparison
)
no
good
order
described
in
the
shooting
of
Ordnaunce
,
to
knowe
what
distance
,
the
shotte
is
deliuered
from
the
peece
:
neyther
haue
they
knowen
what
instruments
haue
meaned
.
And
although
they
haue
named
degrees
in
their
bookes
,
yet
it
appeareth
vnto
me
that
they
haue
not
knowledge
what
a
degree
signifieth
,
for
that
they
haue
named
a
Quadrant
,
a
Triangle
and
other
food
and
foolish
by
names
.
Wherefore
they
that
haue
written
those
bookes
that
the
Gunners
haue
amongst
them
,
were
vtterly
vnlearned
in
any
manner
of
science
,
which
were
in
the
beginning
,
in
the
time
of
King
Henry
the
eight
,
made
by
Flemmings
:
for
in
the
wars
in
those
daies
the
King
sent
ouer
into
Flaunders
,
and
those
parts
thereabout
,
to
haue
Gunners
to
serue
him
in
the
warres
,
&
the
Gunners
haue
no
other
bookes
,
but
such
as
were
written
by
them
:
wherefore
I
do
thinke
it
good
to
shew
vnto
you
what
a
degree
is
.
A
degree
is
a
parte
or
deuision
of
a
whole
circle
into
360.
equall
parts
,
as
the
the
auncient
fathers
aforetime
haue
taught
,
and
especially
in
Astronomy
.
And
it
is
very
profitable
for
Gunners
to
knowe
the
vse
of
them
.
The
Quadrant
that
they
doe
occupie
,
is
the
fourth
part
of
a
circle
,
deuided
into
90.
equall
parts
,
according
vnto
the
fourth
part
of
the
Heauens
,
for
the
zeneth
or
pricke
in
the
Heauens
(
ouer
the
Crowne
of
your
head
,
downe
to
the
Horizon
)
is
deuided
into
90.
equall
partes
,
according
vnto
the
Quadrant
.
As
for
example
:
If
there
were
a
perpendicular
line
let
downe
out
of
the
Heauens
vnto
the
earth
,
then
should
the
earth
be
a
right
line
,
and
make
a
square
angle
vnto
the
furthest
parte
of
the
Horizon
that
you
can
see
,
and
so
passe
vnto
the
Heauens
,
as
doth
the
Quadrant
:
and
then
the
best
of
the
Rander
is
45.
of
these
deuisions
,
called
degrees
(
as
some
mens
opinion
hath
been
)
and
that
is
half
90.
and
the
said
.
45.
degrees
be
the
best
of
the
Rander
in
some
cases
,
and
that
is
with
the
winde
,
but
otherwise
,
it
is
not
,
as
it
is
further
declared
in
the
5.
Chapter
.
And
for
better
example
,
I
haue
placed
this
figure
.
CHAPTER
.
7.
Howe
to
make
a
shotte
vpon
the
right
line
,
and
also
to
know
how
much
ground
any
peece
of
Ordnaunce
doth
driue
or
conuey
the
shot
at
the
mount
of
euery
degree
of
the
Rander
.
FUrthermore
,
any
peece
of
Ordnaunce
being
truly
disparted
,
as
is
declared
in
the
fourth
Chapter
,
they
may
know
at
al
times
how
for
to
shoote
iust
vnto
the
mark
,
especially
within
point
blank
,
&
point
blanke
,
is
the
direct
fleeing
of
the
shot
,
without
any
descending
from
the
mouth
of
the
peece
vnto
the
mark
,
the
mouth
of
the
peece
to
stand
directly
with
the
Horizon
,
so
that
it
be
vpon
a
plaine
and
leuell
ground
,
as
far
as
the
peece
may
cast
,
hytting
any
thing
that
standeth
directly
as
hygh
as
the
mouth
of
the
peece
,
laying
the
hollowe
or
concauitie
of
the
peece
against
the
thing
that
you
doe
shoote
at
&c.
And
to
shoote
at
anye
marke
vppon
the
right
line
,
you
shall
doe
it
by
this
meanes
:
your
peece
being
truely
disparted
,
and
the
dispart
sette
vppon
the
mouth
of
the
peece
,
bringe
the
middle
of
the
tayle
of
the
peece
to
the
toppe
of
your
disparte
vppon
the
mouth
of
the
peece
,
and
the
marke
that
you
doe
shoote
at
,
all
three
vppon
one
right
line
,
by
the
sight
of
one
of
your
eyes
,
and
then
foreseeing
that
the
peece
standeth
vppon
a
leuell
grounde
,
and
the
one
wheele
to
bee
as
nimble
as
the
other
,
this
doone
,
there
is
no
doubte
but
you
may
shoote
as
neere
the
marke
with
a
Cannon
as
with
a
Hargabus
,
or
Caliuer
.
This
is
most
certaine
.
Therefore
it
is
very
necessary
to
know
how
far
any
peece
wil
conuey
the
shot
vpon
the
right
line
,
&
that
is
somewhat
hard
to
do
,
for
there
is
seldome
any
grounde
,
but
is
higher
in
one
place
than
in
another
,
and
then
if
the
peece
should
bee
layd
close
vnto
the
ground
,
it
woulde
graze
before
that
it
were
at
the
end
of
the
right
line
,
and
then
if
the
peece
be
in
her
carriage
,
the
shotte
will
not
graze
before
that
it
were
descended
,
as
much
as
the
height
of
the
carriage
.
And
for
to
set
vp
any
thing
certaine
at
the
end
of
the
right
line
,
it
were
too
tedious
,
therefore
in
my
opinion
,
this
is
one
of
the
best
wayes
,
in
the
finding
what
distance
any
peece
conuayeth
or
driueth
the
shotte
vppon
the
right
line
or
any
degree
of
the
Rander
,
as
thus
:
Repaire
vnto
a
very
leuell
ground
,
as
a
plaine
marrish
,
that
is
iust
water
leuell
,
and
then
to
finde
the
right
line
or
point
blanke
,
rayse
a
butte
or
banke
in
that
plaine
grounde
,
and
then
sette
vppe
a
marke
the
iust
height
of
the
peece
that
lyeth
in
the
carriage
,
and
take
a
quadrant
,
with
a
rule
fast
thereunto
,
and
put
the
rule
into
the
mouth
of
the
peece
,
and
coyne
the
breech
of
the
peece
vp
and
downe
,
vntill
the
plummet
hang
at
the
corner
of
the
Quadrant
,
and
then
shall
the
Concauitie
of
the
peece
,
lye
right
with
the
Horyzon
,
neyther
higher
nor
lower
:
then
shoote
off
the
peece
against
the
butte
:
if
the
shotte
bee
vnder
the
marke
,
it
is
more
then
the
right
line
,
then
you
must
bringe
the
peece
neerer
vnto
the
butte
,
banke
or
marke
:
but
if
it
be
the
iust
height
of
the
marke
,
then
remooue
the
peece
farther
off
from
the
marke
,
and
so
remoouing
the
peece
for
wardes
and
backwardes
,
you
shal
finde
the
true
right
line
of
the
peece
.
By
this
order
,
you
may
trye
the
true
right
line
of
all
manner
of
peeces
of
Ordnaunce
.
And
whereas
the
opinion
of
diuers
Gunners
is
,
the
one
contrarie
vnto
the
other
,
some
holding
an
opinion
,
that
the
longer
peece
doth
ouershoote
the
shorter
,
and
some
that
the
shorte
doth
ouershoote
the
longer
:
the
troth
is
,
that
the
longer
peece
doth
shoote
further
than
the
shorter
,
although
that
in
the
mounting
of
a
long
peece
and
a
shorte
with
an
ynche
rule
,
the
shorte
peece
dothe
ouershoote
the
longer
,
although
bothe
shoote
one
shotte
,
and
one
sorte
and
weyght
of
pouder
,
as
you
maye
perceyue
in
the
nexte
Chapter
following
,
and
also
in
the
beginning
of
the
Booke
in
the
eyght
consideration
.
&c.
Furthermore
,
to
knowe
what
anye
peece
of
Ordnaunce
wyll
doe
at
the
mounte
of
euery
degree
,
and
what
distance
of
grounde
the
shott
dothe
flye
,
doe
thys
,
the
grounde
beyng
playne
and
leuell
(
as
before
is
rehearsed
)
place
the
peece
in
thys
manner
:
you
muste
make
a
hole
in
the
grounde
,
to
the
intent
to
make
a
platteforme
,
to
set
the
peece
vpon
,
in
such
order
,
that
the
tronchions
of
the
peece
being
in
hir
cariage
,
be
iuste
in
heigth
leuell
with
the
grounde
,
neyther
higher
nor
lower
:
then
take
your
Quadrant
,
and
the
rule
fastned
thereto
,
and
put
the
rule
into
the
mouth
of
the
peece
,
and
so
mount
the
peece
vnto
one
degree
,
shooting
off
the
same
,
and
seeing
the
firste
grase
,
measure
the
distance
of
grounde
,
and
note
or
marke
that
:
then
in
like
manner
mount
the
peece
vnto
two
degrees
,
and
so
vnto
three
degrees
,
and
so
forth
from
degree
to
degree
,
vntill
the
peece
bee
mounted
vnto
the
best
compasse
of
the
Rander
.
Thus
shall
you
know
what
any
peece
will
doe
at
the
mount
of
euery
degree
.
&c.
But
if
you
shoulde
make
youre
proofe
vppon
suche
grounde
as
is
not
leuell
,
then
your
proofe
shoulde
be
erronious
,
for
that
the
Quadrant
sheweth
by
the
degree
,
howe
muche
it
is
higher
than
the
Horizon
,
for
if
the
shotte
doe
not
finde
grounde
in
his
descending
,
equall
with
the
heigth
of
the
peece
,
the
shotte
fleeth
further
than
it
shoulde
do
.
And
also
if
the
ground
be
higher
than
the
place
that
the
peece
doth
stand
vpon
,
then
the
shot
will
be
stayde
the
sooner
,
by
the
meanes
of
the
heigth
of
the
ground
,
as
I
do
more
at
large
declare
in
the.
13.
Chapter
following
.
And
for
your
better
instruction
of
the
mounting
of
the
peece
,
I
haue
made
this
figure
following
.
Firste
take
the
Quadrant
,
and
put
the
rule
of
the
Quadrante
E
into
the
mouth
of
the
peece
C
,
and
then
putting
vp
or
downe
the
tayle
of
the
peece
A
,
till
the
plummet
G
fall
vpon
the
corner
of
the
Quadrant
at
D
,
then
looke
whatsoeuer
you
see
right
with
the
vpper
side
of
the
Quadrante
H
,
shall
be
leuell
with
the
mouth
of
the
peece
,
and
that
is
called
the
poynt
blancke
,
for
that
vppon
a
leuell
grounde
wythoute
anye
hylles
,
as
vppon
the
sea
,
that
all
thinges
standeth
so
leuell
,
shall
bee
ryghte
wythe
the
Horizon
,
that
is
to
say
,
at
the
parting
of
the
earthe
and
the
Skye
,
by
the
sighte
of
youre
eye
:
and
then
puttyng
downe
the
tayle
of
the
peece
A
,
the
plummet
line
G
wyll
hange
at
what
degree
you
please
towardes
the
myddle
lyne
of
the
Quadrant
E
,
then
the
mouth
of
the
peece
B
and
C
wyll
goe
vpwardes
.
&c.
Nowe
shall
followe
(
according
vnto
the
proofe
that
I
haue
made
,
but
yet
not
to
my
contentation
,
neyther
in
respect
to
no
purpose
)
the
argumente
of
the
proportion
of
the
mountyng
of
euerye
degree
vnto
the
best
of
the
Randare
,
according
vnto
the
proofe
that
I
haue
made
.
Looke
howe
muche
grounde
the
peece
conueyeth
the
shotte
from
the
ryghte
lyne
,
vnto
the
mountyng
of
fyue
degrees
,
that
is
as
muche
grounde
as
the
ryghte
lyne
,
and
two
nynth
parts
more
,
and
from
the
mountyng
of
fyue
degrees
vnto
tenne
degrees
the
shotte
is
conueyed
as
muche
grounde
as
the
ryghte
lyne
,
and
1/9
parte
more
,
and
from
the
mountyng
of
tenne
degrees
vnto
fifteene
degrees
,
the
shotte
is
conueyed
as
muche
grounde
as
the
ryghte
lyne
iuste
.
And
from
the
mounting
of
fifteene
degrees
vnto
the
mountyng
of
twentye
degrees
,
the
shotte
is
conueyed
halfe
as
muche
grounde
as
the
ryghte
lyne
iust
:
and
from
the
mountyng
of
anye
peece
from
twentye
degrees
vnto
the
best
of
the
Randare
,
the
shotte
is
conueyed
in
all
aboute
⅔
partes
of
the
ryghte
lyne
,
and
that
is
in
a
faire
calme
daye
,
and
then
two
and
fortie
degrees
is
the
beste
of
the
Randare
,
and
wyth
the
wynde
fyue
and
forty
is
the
best
of
the
Randare
,
and
agaynste
the
wynde
,
as
the
wynde
is
in
bignesse
,
that
is
,
one
and
fortye
,
or
fortye
,
or
nyne
and
thirty
,
or
eyght
and
thirtie
,
or
seauen
and
thirtye
,
or
syxe
and
thirtye
degrees
,
the
wynde
beeyng
altogyther
the
ruler
therof
.
Therfore
it
is
but
a
folly
to
make
accoumpte
thereof
,
neyther
is
there
any
seruice
aboue
the
mountyng
of
any
peece
of
Ordnaunce
,
aboue
.
20.
degrees
,
excepte
it
be
a
morter
peece
,
and
the
shotte
is
conueyed
off
grounde
from
the
mouthe
of
the
peece
vnto
the
lightyng
or
fallyng
of
the
shotte
,
to
the
beste
compasse
of
the
Rander
,
aboute
fiue
times
and
a
halfe
as
muche
ground
as
the
right
line
,
being
(
as
before
is
declared
)
within
a
little
vnder
or
ouer
,
according
as
the
winde
bloweth
more
or
lesse
,
against
the
winde
,
or
with
the
winde
,
and
so
forth
.
But
here
is
one
principall
thinge
to
be
considered
,
and
that
is
this
,
that
you
do
alwayes
charge
the
peece
with
iust
one
weighte
,
and
one
sorte
and
kinde
of
pouder
,
for
otherwayes
,
in
the
doyinge
thereof
,
you
may
committe
erroure
,
as
before
is
declared
in
the
firste
Chapter
.
As
touching
the
knowing
the
goodnesse
of
Pouder
,
for
that
it
chanceth
many
times
that
they
haue
not
always
one
sort
of
Pouder
,
neyther
alwayes
of
one
mans
making
but
of
sundry
mens
making
,
and
so
by
that
meanes
,
some
Pouder
is
better
than
some
is
:
therefore
it
is
a
harde
matter
for
to
know
certainely
,
that
thus
much
in
weight
of
thys
pouder
,
is
equall
vnto
the
force
of
so
muche
in
weighte
of
that
sort
of
Pouder
:
wherefore
in
mine
opinion
,
that
engine
or
little
boxe
that
is
deuised
to
proue
the
force
of
the
Pouder
is
verye
necessarie
to
be
vsed
,
for
by
it
you
maye
iustly
know
which
sorte
of
Pouder
is
stronger
or
weaker
in
force
than
the
other
,
by
waying
alike
some
small
quantitie
of
eache
sorte
,
and
so
putting
the
pouder
into
the
engine
or
boxe
,
and
burning
it
,
firste
the
one
sorte
,
and
then
the
other
sorte
,
and
looke
whiche
sorte
of
Pouder
doth
blowe
,
or
lift
the
lidde
of
the
boxe
highest
,
that
is
the
stronger
sorte
of
pouder
,
and
you
shall
knowe
by
howe
muche
,
by
the
teeth
or
notches
that
doe
stay
the
lidde
of
the
engine
or
boxe
,
and
so
by
that
engine
or
boxe
,
you
may
fitte
the
force
of
the
pouder
,
that
is
to
say
,
if
that
you
doe
occupye
so
muche
pouder
with
anye
peece
of
Ordnaunce
.
And
for
that
you
woulde
keepe
that
length
of
the
marke
at
suche
an
aduantage
in
mounting
,
if
you
haue
no
more
of
that
sorte
of
pouder
,
but
that
the
pouder
that
you
haue
is
eyther
stronger
or
weaker
,
then
do
thus
:
wey
out
some
smal
quantitie
,
as
the
weight
of
a
grote
or
sixepence
,
more
or
lesse
at
youre
discretion
,
as
the
engine
or
boxe
is
,
and
firste
burne
that
sorte
of
pouder
in
the
boxe
that
you
do
knowe
the
force
of
it
alreadie
,
and
then
looke
vnto
what
teeth
or
notch
that
the
lidde
of
the
engine
or
boxe
is
lifted
vp
vnto
,
and
then
wey
out
of
the
other
sorte
of
pouder
the
like
weighte
,
and
so
burne
that
in
the
boxe
or
engine
,
and
if
it
dothe
blowe
or
lifte
the
lydde
hygher
than
it
was
before
,
then
it
is
a
stronger
forte
of
pouder
,
if
not
so
high
,
then
it
is
a
weaker
sorte
of
pouder
:
and
by
the
number
of
notches
,
you
shall
know
how
much
.
Therfore
,
if
it
be
a
starger
sorte
of
Pouder
than
that
you
haue
occupyed
alreadie
,
then
weye
out
a
lesser
weyghte
of
the
same
,
and
burne
that
in
the
boxe
or
engine
,
and
so
doing
,
both
by
the
weying
and
burning
of
it
in
the
engine
or
boxe
,
vntill
that
it
lifte
or
blowe
the
lidde
of
the
engine
,
vnto
the
iuste
heygth
that
it
was
with
the
firste
sorte
of
Pouder
:
but
if
the
firste
sorte
of
Pouder
did
blow
or
lifte
the
lydde
higher
than
the
other
,
then
wey
out
more
in
weyghte
than
the
firste
,
and
so
by
the
weying
and
burning
of
it
in
the
engine
,
vntyll
the
lydde
be
lyfted
vnto
the
iust
heygth
that
it
was
before
,
so
by
that
meanes
you
shall
knowe
iustely
howe
muche
weyghte
of
one
sorte
of
Pouder
shall
be
equall
with
the
force
of
that
sorte
of
Pouder
,
and
so
by
this
meanes
,
although
you
change
the
sortes
of
your
Pouder
neuer
so
often
,
yet
you
may
so
fitte
the
peece
by
the
weyghte
of
youre
Pouder
,
that
the
peece
of
Ordnaunce
shall
keepe
one
length
at
the
marke
.
Hauing
this
consideration
,
both
in
the
lading
and
the
wadding
,
to
be
in
such
order
,
that
is
to
say
,
to
keepe
a
methode
in
the
doing
thereof
,
neyther
to
putte
in
the
pouder
too
harde
,
neyther
too
loose
,
neyther
the
wadde
to
goe
in
too
loose
,
neyther
to
be
too
much
too
harde
,
but
reasonable
.
And
as
touching
the
fashion
and
the
making
of
the
engine
or
boxe
,
I
do
omitt
that
in
this
booke
,
for
that
I
doe
shew
it
in
my
Booke
,
called
The
Inuentions
or
deuices
,
in
the.
54.
Deuice
.
CHAPTER
.
8.
Howe
for
to
mount
any
peece
of
Ordnaunce
by
the
degree
with
an
Inch
rule
,
with
a
Table
,
shewing
what
parte
of
an
ynche
rule
wyll
make
one
degree
,
and
so
vnto
tenne
degrees
.
FOr
the
making
of
a
perfite
shotte
at
any
degree
of
the
Randare
,
&
to
haue
a
good
length
at
that
marke
,
the
distance
of
ground
beeing
knowen
,
first
it
behoueth
him
for
to
knowe
the
force
of
his
Pouder
,
whiche
is
shewed
in
the
Chapter
going
before
,
and
to
haue
his
Pouder
putte
in
Cartredges
,
eyther
of
Paper
or
Canuas
,
and
the
Pouder
waied
,
that
the
one
Cartredge
bee
not
heauyer
than
the
other
,
according
vnto
the
peece
,
and
the
goodnesse
of
the
Pouder
:
for
there
can
be
no
certaynetie
when
that
the
peece
is
laden
or
charged
,
sometime
with
more
Pouder
,
&
sometime
with
lesse
:
and
especially
in
the
time
of
seruice
,
I
do
see
,
that
there
is
no
worse
lading
or
charging
of
Ordnaunce
,
than
with
a
Ladell
,
whether
that
it
be
by
Sea
or
by
lande
,
for
by
the
lading
with
a
Ladell
,
it
muste
bee
twice
filled
,
and
then
at
euery
tyme
that
the
Pouder
is
putte
into
the
peece
,
it
muste
bee
put
vppe
with
the
Rammer
heade
,
so
that
they
muste
eyther
turne
the
other
ende
of
the
Ladell
,
or
else
if
that
the
Rammer
heade
bee
vppon
the
spondge
staffe
,
then
he
muste
change
the
staues
,
whiche
is
a
greate
cumber
to
doe
in
a
narrowe
roome
.
And
also
in
the
chargyng
of
a
peece
wyth
a
Ladell
,
hee
cannot
fill
it
so
equally
,
but
that
the
Ladell
shall
haue
sometyme
more
Pouder
,
and
sometyme
lesse
Pouder
,
by
a
good
quantitye
,
and
especially
if
that
hee
dothe
it
hastely
as
in
the
tyme
of
seruice
it
alwayes
requireth
haste
,
and
that
may
cause
hym
that
gyueth
leuell
,
to
shoote
vnder
or
ouer
the
marke
,
or
too
shorte
,
or
too
farre
,
although
that
he
hath
found
what
aduantage
wyll
reach
the
marke
.
And
also
it
is
vnprofitable
and
daungerous
to
lade
or
charge
a
peece
wyth
a
Ladell
,
for
that
the
Pouder
is
apte
to
bee
shedde
or
spylled
beeyng
hastyly
done
,
and
then
it
is
apte
to
bee
fiered
,
considering
what
a
daungerous
poynte
it
is
for
the
burning
and
spoyling
of
men
.
Wherefore
if
youre
Pouder
bee
in
Cartredges
,
and
also
weyed
,
the
peece
is
more
sooner
and
easilyer
laden
or
charged
,
and
hee
shall
keepe
the
length
of
the
marke
the
better
,
and
also
you
maye
keepe
the
Pouder
the
closer
and
better
,
and
not
so
apte
to
bee
shedde
or
pqylled
,
for
when
that
the
Cartredges
bee
fylled
,
then
they
may
bee
set
vprighte
in
some
Tubbe
or
Barrell
,
and
then
they
maye
take
out
one
by
one
as
neede
shall
require
,
and
so
couer
the
Barrell
close
againe
,
that
it
maye
bee
wythout
daunger
.
And
nowe
for
the
gyuyng
of
leuell
wyth
anye
peece
of
Ordnaunce
,
and
the
marke
more
than
the
peece
canne
reache
vppon
the
ryghte
lyne
,
and
the
distance
knowen
vnto
the
marke
,
and
also
you
knowing
what
ground
the
peece
will
conuey
the
shot
vppon
the
right
line
,
then
by
the
order
in
the
Chapter
going
before
,
you
may
know
how
many
degrees
will
reach
the
mark
.
And
for
that
it
is
somewhat
tedious
&
difficulte
to
mounte
any
peece
of
Ordnaunce
with
a
Quadrante
,
excepte
it
be
vpon
a
playne
and
leuell
grounde
,
that
the
peece
standeth
no
more
,
but
the
iuste
heygth
,
or
the
lownesse
of
the
mark
,
which
happeneth
very
seldome
.
Therefore
I
doe
thinke
it
very
good
to
shew
you
howe
to
mount
any
peece
of
Ordnaunce
by
the
degree
,
with
an
ynch
rule
,
according
to
the
length
of
the
peece
,
and
to
knowe
howe
many
ynches
,
and
partes
of
an
ynche
will
make
or
giue
one
degree
vnto
ten
degrees
.
Hereafter
is
a
Table
,
the
length
of
the
peece
standeth
in
the
margente
towardes
the
lefte
hande
,
&
the
square
right
againste
,
that
is
the
mount
of
one
degree
,
and
the
vppermost
number
in
euery
square
,
is
the
ynches
,
&
the
vndermost
numbers
is
the
odde
partes
of
an
ynche
,
and
the
Table
beginneth
at
the
length
of
the
peece
fiue
foote
and
a
halfe
,
and
so
encreaseth
by
the
half
foote
,
till
the
peece
be
full
fifteene
foote
longe
.
¶
This
Table
doth
shew
what
part
of
an
ynch
rule
will
make
one
degree
,
and
so
vnto
tenne
degrees
.
|
Degrees
.
|
|
|
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¾
|
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|
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.
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Partes
.
|
Then
first
repayre
vnto
the
order
of
the
Chapter
that
goeth
before
,
and
consider
by
the
distance
that
the
peece
conueyeth
the
shotte
vpon
the
right
line
,
and
looke
howe
much
the
shotte
maye
bee
conueyed
at
the
mount
of
one
degree
,
and
so
from
degree
to
degree
,
till
you
haue
the
length
in
degrees
,
that
the
shot
maye
reach
the
marke
,
and
then
repayre
vnto
the
peece
,
and
measure
how
manye
foote
long
the
peece
is
,
then
according
to
the
length
of
the
peece
,
there
is
a
Table
in
this
Chapter
going
before
,
in
the
Margent
of
the
which
,
towardes
the
lefte
hand
,
that
number
is
the
length
of
the
peece
,
then
right
against
that
number
in
the
first
square
,
it
doth
shew
how
many
ynces
,
and
partes
of
an
ynche
will
make
one
degree
:
and
the
nexte
square
will
shew
you
how
many
ynches
,
and
partes
of
an
ynch
will
make
two
degrees
,
and
so
forthe
vnto
the
number
of
tenne
degrees
,
and
no
more
:
and
the
cause
is
this
,
for
that
there
is
commonly
no
seruice
to
be
done
,
aboue
the
mounting
of
any
peece
of
Ordnaunce
,
more
then
tenne
degrees
,
neither
the
ynch
rule
will
serue
any
further
,
for
that
the
degrees
be
taken
out
of
the
circumference
of
a
circle
,
and
not
out
of
a
right
line
.
And
now
to
vse
the
matter
in
the
handling
of
the
rule
,
to
make
a
perfite
shot
doe
this
:
prepare
your
rule
,
and
lette
it
be
well
deuided
into
ynches
,
halfe
ynches
,
and
quarters
of
ynches
,
and
halfe
quarters
of
ynches
,
and
then
lette
there
bee
a
slitte
in
the
middle
of
the
rule
,
and
in
the
slitte
,
lette
there
bee
made
in
brasse
or
latine
a
sighte
,
that
it
maye
bee
mooued
vppe
and
downe
at
youre
pleasure
,
and
then
the
rule
is
finished
.
Nowe
when
you
woulde
make
a
shotte
at
anye
marke
,
lette
the
peece
bee
truely
disparted
,
and
the
disparte
sette
vppon
the
mouth
of
the
peece
,
or
else
,
if
the
disparte
bee
not
sette
vppon
the
mouth
of
the
peece
,
yet
you
must
knowe
perfectely
the
Disparte
of
the
peece
,
and
to
make
accompte
what
number
of
ynches
it
is
,
and
to
recken
that
as
parte
of
the
mounting
of
the
peece
by
the
degrees
.
Nowe
the
distance
of
grounde
beeing
knowen
vnto
the
marke
,
and
also
to
knowe
howe
many
ynches
,
and
partes
of
an
ynche
wyll
make
the
number
of
degrees
,
the
accoumpte
of
the
dispart
beying
made
,
or
else
the
dispart
being
set
vpon
the
mouth
of
the
peece
,
then
set
the
rule
vpon
the
breech
of
the
same
perfectly
vpright
,
in
such
order
,
as
the
toppe
of
the
rule
bee
not
nearer
vnto
the
mouth
,
than
that
place
of
the
breech
of
the
peece
that
the
rule
doth
stand
vppon
,
whether
the
peece
haue
much
aduantage
,
or
little
,
so
that
the
toppe
of
the
rule
must
not
hang
backwards
or
forwards
,
but
alwayes
at
on
proportion
from
the
mouth
of
the
peece
:
that
beeing
done
,
turne
the
peece
right
vnto
the
marke
,
and
then
koyne
the
breech
of
the
peece
vppe
and
downe
,
vntill
the
middle
of
the
mouth
of
the
peece
,
or
else
the
toppe
of
the
disparte
,
and
the
marke
bee
seene
through
the
sight
,
in
the
slitte
of
the
rule
,
iust
at
the
number
of
ynches
,
and
parts
of
an
ynche
,
that
will
answere
vnto
so
many
degrees
,
as
the
Table
in
this
Chapter
going
before
doth
shew
.
This
being
done
,
the
shot
shall
haue
a
good
lengthe
at
the
marke
.
As
for
example
,
suppose
that
I
doe
shoote
in
a
Saker
that
conueyeth
or
driueth
the
shot
vpon
the
right
line
or
point
blancke
.
26.
skore
,
and
the
marke
that
I
doe
shoote
at
is
40.
skore
from
the
peece
,
then
I
haue
eyther
made
proofe
by
the
order
prescribed
in
the.
7.
Chapter
that
goeth
,
before
,
or
else
I
haue
the
Tables
of
some
other
men
,
as
Tartalia
the
Italian
hath
made
Tables
therof
And
so
I
do
finde
,
that
.
2.
degres
will
reach
the
marke
,
then
I
do
repaire
vnto
the
peece
and
measure
it
,
how
many
foote
long
the
peece
is
,
and
I
doe
finde
that
the
same
is
.
9.
foote
and
a
halfe
in
length
from
the
mouth
to
the
breech
,
then
I
repaire
to
the
Table
in
this
Chapter
before
,
wher
I
find
that
.
2.
ynches
doth
make
a
degree
iust
,
and
now
the
peece
must
be
mounted
vnto
.
2.
degrees
iust
,
and
then
twise
.
2.
ynches
,
maketh
.
4.
ynches
:
then
I
do
dispart
the
mettall
of
the
peece
,
as
I
do
shew
you
in
the.
4.
Chapter
,
and
so
I
doe
finde
that
the
mettall
of
the
brech
of
the
peece
is
an
ynche
and
a
halfe
thicker
at
the
brech
,
than
it
is
at
the
mouth
of
the
peece
,
and
then
I
doe
sette
vp
a
rush
or
a
straw
on
the
mouth
of
the
pece
,
and
so
making
it
fast
with
a
little
waxe
iust
one
ynche
and
a
halfe
aboue
the
mettall
of
the
mouth
of
the
peece
,
then
I
doe
take
the
ynch
rule
,
and
so
I
do
remoue
the
sight
in
the
slitte
of
the
rule
vnto
iust
.
4.
ynches
,
and
I
doe
set
the
rule
perfitely
vpright
vpon
the
middle
of
the
breech
of
the
peece
,
and
so
remooue
the
peece
too
and
fro
,
and
koyne
the
tayle
of
the
peece
vp
and
downe
,
tyll
such
time
as
I
may
see
the
marke
through
the
sight
in
the
slitt
,
and
the
toppe
of
the
dispart
,
all
three
vpon
one
right
line
,
by
the
sighte
of
my
eye
,
and
the
sight
in
the
slitte
,
to
stand
at
iust
.
4.
ynches
,
then
shooting
off
the
peece
,
you
shall
make
a
perfite
shotte
.
And
furthermore
,
if
the
disparte
bee
not
sette
vppon
the
mouth
of
the
peece
,
then
you
muste
make
accoumpte
thereof
,
for
that
the
peece
dothe
mount
himselfe
one
ynche
and
a
halfe
,
therefore
you
muste
giue
the
peece
but.
2.
ynches
&
a
half
aduantage
,
to
reach
the
marke
.
And
furthermore
,
I
will
giue
you
a
seconde
example
in
the
same
peece
at
a
greater
distance
,
at
.
80.
skore
from
the
peece
,
and
that
is
almost
a
mile
,
and
then
doing
(
as
before
is
said
)
to
seeke
howe
many
degrees
will
reach
the
marke
,
and
I
find
that
peece
that
driueth
or
conuaieth
the
shot
.
26.
skore
vpon
the
right
line
,
that
at
.
9.
degrees
it
wyll
conuey
or
driue
the
shot
.
80.
skore
,
and
(
as
before
is
shewed
)
that
in
that
pece
that
is
.
9.
foote
and
a
halfe
long
.
2.
ynches
maketh
iust
one
degree
,
and
then
the
peece
must
be
mounted
vnto
iust
.
9.
degrees
,
which
is
.
18.
ynches
,
if
the
dispart
be
set
vpon
the
mouth
of
the
peece
,
but
if
the
disparte
bee
not
set
vpon
the
mouth
,
then
you
must
rebate
so
much
of
the
aduantage
in
the
mounting
,
as
the
disparte
commeth
vnto
,
and
that
is
one
ynch
and
a
halfe
.
Therfore
,
you
must
set
the
sight
in
the
slitte
,
but
vpon
sixteene
ynches
and
a
halfe
,
and
so
doing
(
as
before
is
said
)
the
shot
shall
haue
a
good
length
at
the
mark
.
And
furthermore
,
I
had
thought
to
haue
placed
a
Table
of
proportion
of
the
casting
of
the
peece
at
the
mount
of
euery
degree
,
accordingly
as
the
peece
doth
conuey
or
driue
the
shotte
vpon
the
right
line
,
but
that
I
haue
not
made
any
such
exact
proofe
,
neither
am
I
of
that
ability
,
neyther
as
farre
as
I
can
iudg
,
there
is
no
man
wil
be
at
any
such
charge
.
But
the
exactest
matter
that
I
haue
heard
that
Tartalia
the
Italian
hath
made
perfit
proofe
therof
before
diuers
of
the
nobility
of
Italy
,
whervpon
,
he
hath
made
Tables
(
by
reporte
)
very
exact
,
yet
I
could
neuer
come
by
the
sighte
of
them
,
neyther
are
they
in
his
Booke
that
he
hath
made
for
these
causes
.
CHAPTER
.
9.
What
manner
of
course
the
shot
flyeth
in
the
ayre
.
AS
I
suppose
,
it
is
very
necessarye
to
knowe
what
manner
of
course
or
proportion
the
shotte
flyeth
in
the
ayre
in
his
compas
,
that
is
to
say
,
at
any
degree
mounted
that
the
peece
is
shotte
at
the
Randare
.
All
those
peeces
that
be
shotte
at
the
mounting
of
anye
degree
aboue
poynte
blancke
,
and
vnder
the
beste
of
of
the
Randare
,
hath
.
4.
manner
of
courses
in
hys
dryuyng
or
flying
,
by
the
vyolence
of
the
blast
of
the
pouder
,
before
the
shotte
come
to
the
ground
,
so
that
the
peece
be
shot
against
a
leuelled
ground
.
The
first
course
is
by
a
right
line
,
and
so
long
as
the
shot
goeth
violently
.
And
the
second
course
doth
begin
for
to
compasse
,
and
yet
flieth
some
what
vpwards
into
the
ayre
,
that
is
to
say
,
further
aboue
the
earth
circularly
.
The
third
course
is
for
a
certayn
space
or
quantitie
at
the
highest
distance
from
the
earth
.
And
the
fourth
course
is
,
it
commeth
downewards
circularly
towards
the
earth
,
and
so
stouping
more
and
more
,
till
it
commeth
downe
to
the
ground
:
as
for
example
this
:
If
any
peece
that
is
shotte
at
the
best
of
the
Randar
,
that
is
to
say
,
at
45.
degrees
,
and
also
at
the
mounting
of
thirtie
degrees
,
and
also
at
the
mounting
of
fifteene
degrees
,
and
A
signifieth
the
right
line
,
and
B
the
second
course
in
flying
of
the
shot
circularly
vpwardes
,
and
C
sheweth
the
vppermost
course
for
flying
at
the
farthest
distance
from
the
earth
,
and
D
sheweth
the
circular
falling
or
comming
downewards
,
or
the
stoupiuꝭ
or
falling
more
circularly
,
than
any
of
the
other
courses
or
falling
of
the
shotte
,
and
the
more
neerer
vnto
the
ground
,
the
more
circularly
the
compasse
is
made
,
as
this
figure
doth
shew
.
Now
furthermore
,
if
any
peece
be
shot
in
the
mounting
of
any
degree
,
aboue
.
45.
degrees
,
then
the
shot
shall
haue
a
perpendicular
line
or
fall
,
before
that
the
shot
shal
come
to
the
ground
.
Therefore
I
doe
say
,
that
the
more
that
any
peece
is
mounted
aboue
fiue
and
fortie
degrees
,
by
the
meanes
of
the
perpendiculer
or
falling
,
that
the
shotte
falleth
shorter
and
shorter
at
the
mounting
of
euery
degree
:
therefore
they
do
neuer
mount
any
manner
of
peece
aboue
the
compasse
of
.
45.
degrees
,
except
it
be
a
Morter
peece
,
and
those
be
mounted
alwaies
aboue
.
45.
degrees
,
for
that
the
more
the
perpendicular
line
is
,
the
more
violently
the
shot
commeth
downe
,
and
the
more
the
peece
is
mounted
,
the
higher
into
the
ayre
the
shotte
flyeth
,
and
then
the
more
is
the
perpendicular
line
,
and
the
neerer
vnto
the
peece
the
shot
falleth
.
Therefore
that
morter
peece
that
is
shot
aboue
.
45.
degrees
,
the
shot
hath
.
5.
manner
of
courses
,
that
is
to
say
:
first
his
right
line
vp
into
the
ayre
:
secondly
,
his
cicular
fleeing
vp
into
the
ayre
:
thirdly
,
his
furthest
distance
from
the
earth
:
fourthly
,
his
circular
comming
downewardes
:
and
fiftly
,
his
direct
fall
or
perpendicular
line
downe
to
the
earth
,
as
this
figure
may
represent
,
the
one
line
to
be
the
best
of
the
Randare
,
the
other
lyne
to
be
the
mounting
of
.
15.
degrees
more
than
the
beste
of
the
Randar
:
and
the
third
,
the
mounting
of
.
30.
degrees
aboue
the
best
of
the
Randar
.
And
the
cause
that
the
shotte
hathe
his
direct
fall
vnto
the
earth
,
is
his
naturall
course
,
for
firste
it
is
driuen
violently
by
the
blast
of
the
Pouder
vp
into
the
ayre
by
a
right
lyne
,
and
then
secondlye
,
as
the
violent
drifte
dothe
decay
,
so
it
flyeth
circularly
,
and
thirdly
,
the
force
of
the
drifte
beeing
all
decayed
,
it
muste
needes
haue
hys
naturall
course
,
and
all
things
that
be
of
earthly
substance
,
muste
needes
returne
to
the
earth
agayne
.
CHAPTER
.
10.
How
to
mount
a
Morter
peece
for
to
lay
the
shotte
at
any
distance
appoynted
.
FOr
the
shooting
of
Morter
peeces
,
it
is
to
be
considered
,
that
those
peeces
must
be
mounted
aboue
the
compasse
of
fiue
and
fortie
degrees
,
for
that
these
peeces
are
vsed
at
the
seege
of
Townes
,
for
the
annoyance
of
their
enimies
,
that
is
to
say
,
to
the
intent
to
beat
downe
their
lodgings
or
houses
,
with
diueres
other
purposes
more
.
And
to
haue
the
shotte
to
fal
at
any
distance
appointed
,
they
must
do
this
:
For
euery
degree
that
those
peeces
be
mounted
,
the
shot
falleth
shorter
,
as
in
the
Chapter
before
is
declared
,
&
til
that
the
mouth
of
the
peece
doth
stande
directly
on
your
perpendicular
line
or
Zeneth
or
pricke
,
with
the
crowne
of
your
head
,
and
then
the
shotte
shall
fall
directly
into
the
mouth
of
the
peece
agayne
,
excepte
that
the
accedence
of
the
winde
doth
put
it
beside
the
mouth
of
the
peece
,
as
this
:
first
shoote
this
peece
at
the
mount
of
fiue
and
fortie
degrees
,
that
is
the
beste
of
the
Randar
,
then
measure
the
ground
from
the
mouth
of
the
peece
vnto
the
first
falling
of
the
shotte
,
and
the
measure
being
knowen
,
deuide
that
into
fiue
and
fortye
equall
parts
,
and
euery
one
of
these
parts
of
measure
,
shal
be
the
falling
shorter
of
the
shot
,
at
the
mounting
of
one
degree
.
As
for
example
,
a
Morter
peece
,
that
shooteth
a.
180.
paces
at
the
beste
of
the
Randare
,
shall
shoote
at
the
mountyng
of
euery
degree
foure
pace
shorter
:
and
so
from
degree
vnto
degree
,
till
that
the
mouth
of
the
peece
standeth
directly
vprighte
with
your
Zeneth
.
Nowe
for
to
shoote
wyth
youre
Morter
peece
,
doe
this
:
first
lay
the
rule
E
crosse
the
mouth
of
the
peece
B
,
then
take
your
Quadrante
and
set
your
square
place
G
vppon
the
rule
E
,
then
put
downe
the
tayle
of
the
peece
A
,
til
that
the
plummet
line
F
fall
at
the
corner
of
the
Quadrant
C
,
then
shooting
off
youre
Morter
peece
that
is
the
best
of
the
Randare
,
and
putting
downe
the
tayle
of
the
peece
A
,
till
that
the
plummet
line
fall
at
tenne
degrees
towardes
the
middle
lyne
of
the
Quadrant
D
then
that
Morter
peece
that
shooteth
a
hundreth
and
eyghtie
paces
at
the
best
of
the
Randare
,
the
shotte
shall
fall
fortie
pace
shorter
,
that
is
,
at
a
hundred
and
fortie
pace
from
the
peece
,
then
at
the
mount
of
twenty
degrees
,
the
shotte
shall
fall
80.
paces
shorter
,
that
is
to
say
,
at
a
hundred
pace
from
the
peece
,
then
at
thirtie
degrees
the
shotte
shall
fal
a
hundred
and
twenty
pace
shorter
,
that
is
to
say
,
threescore
pace
from
the
peece
,
then
at
the
mounting
of
forty
degrees
,
the
shott
falleth
at
a
hundred
and
threescore
pace
shorter
,
that
is
,
at
twentie
pace
from
the
peece
.
And
thus
it
may
be
seen
,
that
from
the
mounting
of
euery
degree
the
shat
falleth
shorter
foure
pace
,
and
thus
,
by
deuiding
the
best
of
the
Randare
into
fiue
and
fortie
equal
partes
,
you
shal
know
the
mount
of
euery
degree
,
at
what
distance
the
shotte
shall
fall
from
the
peece
,
as
by
these
figures
following
it
doth
appeare
.
CHAPTER
.
11.
How
farre
aboue
the
marke
the
shotte
flyeth
ouer
the
marke
by
the
length
of
the
peece
,
and
distance
vnto
the
marke
,
FUrthermore
,
heer
is
one
especiall
poynte
to
bee
noted
,
for
a
number
of
Sea
Gunners
doe
not
vse
for
to
diparte
theyr
peece
:
and
I
doe
thynk
that
a
great
number
of
them
can
not
doe
it
very
well
,
for
that
cause
they
will
say
,
that
they
neede
not
disparte
their
Ordnaunce
.
But
if
they
do
not
disparte
their
great
Ordnaunce
,
and
especially
those
new
peeces
that
be
nowe
adayes
made
for
the
Shippes
,
they
shall
do
but
simple
seruice
,
besides
the
gret
charge
in
wast
that
they
shall
put
them
to
that
beare
the
charge
thereof
:
for
one
shatte
of
the
great
Ordnaunce
,
is
twenty
times
the
charge
of
the
small
peeces
:
and
many
of
the
small
peeces
in
a
maner
needeth
no
disparte
,
but
the
great
peeces
:
for
the
mettall
of
the
tayle
of
the
peece
is
a
great
deale
bigger
than
the
mouth
of
the
peece
.
And
this
is
generall
for
euer
,
looke
howe
muche
that
the
mettall
is
thicker
vppon
the
one
side
at
the
tayle
of
the
peece
than
it
is
at
the
mouth
of
the
peece
,
then
looke
howe
manye
times
that
the
length
of
the
peece
is
vnto
the
marke
,
so
many
times
the
thicknesse
of
the
mettall
is
thicker
at
the
breech
of
the
peece
,
than
it
is
at
the
mouth
,
so
many
times
the
quantitie
shall
the
shott
flye
ouer
the
marke
,
if
so
bee
that
the
peece
be
shotte
without
disparting
,
and
the
mark
within
poynt
blanke
,
or
the
righte
line
of
the
peece
:
as
for
example
thus
,
by
a
peece
of
Ordnaunce
,
that
the
mettall
of
the
breech
of
the
peece
is
thicker
by
three
ynches
on
the
one
side
,
than
it
is
at
the
mouth
of
the
peece
,
and
the
peece
is
iust
tenn
foote
longe
,
and
the
marke
is
iust
twentye
skore
from
the
peece
.
Nowe
the
peece
being
tenne
foote
long
,
there
is
iust
sixe
times
the
whole
length
of
the
peece
in
euery
skore
,
for
that
a
skore
is
sixtie
foote
,
and
sixe
times
tenne
is
sixtie
foote
,
then
the
mettall
of
the
breech
of
the
peece
,
being
three
ynchs
thicker
than
it
is
at
the
mouth
of
the
peece
,
the
peece
shall
cast
ouer
the
marke
at
the
ende
of
euerye
skore
eyghteene
ynches
,
for
that
the
peece
shooteth
three
ynches
ouer
the
marke
at
euerye
tyme
the
length
of
the
peece
,
and
then
syxe
tymes
three
ynches
,
maketh
eyghteen
ynches
:
so
then
it
must
needes
be
sayde
,
that
at
the
ende
of
twentie
skore
,
the
peece
must
needes
caste
twentie
tymes
eyghteene
ynches
ouer
the
marke
,
and
twenty
times
eyghteene
ynches
,
maketh
three
hundered
and
sixtie
ynches
,
and
that
containeth
thyrtye
foote
,
so
that
I
doe
conclude
,
that
the
peece
whiche
is
but
tenne
foote
long
,
and
the
mettall
three
ynches
thicker
on
the
one
side
at
the
breeche
of
the
peece
than
it
is
at
the
mouth
,
and
the
marke
twenty
skore
from
the
peece
,
thys
peece
being
shorte
wythout
anye
disparting
,
being
shotte
agaynst
an
vpright
wall
,
then
bringing
the
middle
of
the
mouth
of
the
peece
,
and
the
myddle
of
the
tayle
of
the
peece
,
and
the
marke
,
all
three
vppon
one
righte
lyne
,
and
then
the
shotte
shall
hytte
the
wall
iuste
thyrtie
foot
right
ouer
the
marke
,
and
this
shall
be
true
without
anye
faile
.
Then
this
being
true
,
what
madd
men
be
those
Gunners
that
will
be
of
such
an
opinion
,
that
they
neede
not
to
dispart
their
Ordnaunce
.
CHAPTER
.
12.
Howe
to
make
a
perfite
shotte
with
a
peece
that
is
not
truely
bored
,
that
is
to
say
,
that
the
core
or
hollownesse
goeth
not
right
in
the
middle
of
the
mettall
.
AS
it
chanceth
many
times
thorough
the
negligence
or
default
of
Founders
,
that
some
peeces
be
not
truly
bored
,
that
is
to
say
,
that
the
core
or
hollownesse
of
the
peece
runneth
not
right
in
the
middle
of
the
mettall
,
but
the
core
or
concauitie
declineth
or
leaneth
more
vnto
the
one
side
,
than
it
dothe
on
the
other
,
for
although
at
the
mouth
of
the
peece
the
metal
be
round
about
of
one
like
thicknesse
,
yet
at
the
breech
of
the
peece
the
mettall
may
bee
thicker
on
the
one
side
,
than
it
is
on
the
other
,
and
then
that
peece
wyll
neuer
shoote
righte
vpon
the
marke
:
and
also
,
this
peece
is
very
daungerous
to
shoote
in
for
feare
of
breaking
.
And
this
is
generally
for
euer
.
Looke
at
that
side
that
the
mettall
is
most
thickest
at
the
breech
,
from
that
sidewardes
the
pece
doth
cast
,
and
then
righte
against
the
thickest
parte
of
the
peece
,
there
is
the
thinnest
side
of
the
mettall
,
so
that
the
mettall
be
perfit
rounde
on
the
outside
of
the
peece
,
and
also
the
hollowe
&
concauitie
wythin
the
peece
,
and
towards
the
thickest
side
of
the
mettall
of
the
peece
,
towards
that
side
the
peece
casteth
.
And
for
to
knowe
howe
much
,
you
may
easily
perceiue
:
looke
how
much
the
thickest
side
of
the
mettall
is
thycker
than
the
th
ynner
side
,
looke
howe
many
times
the
hollowe
of
the
peece
is
vnto
the
marke
,
so
many
times
halfe
the
thicknesse
that
the
metall
is
thicker
on
the
one
side
,
than
it
is
on
the
other
,
so
many
times
that
proportion
shal
the
shot
flye
wide
of
the
mark
,
towards
that
side
that
the
mettal
of
the
pece
is
most
thickest
.
As
for
example
this
,
there
is
a
peece
,
that
the
mettall
is
thicker
on
the
one
side
,
than
it
is
on
the
other
side
by
two
ynches
,
and
the
core
or
hollownesse
from
the
tutchhole
,
vnto
the
mouth
of
the
peece
,
is
.
10.
foote
longe
,
and
the
marke
that
the
peece
is
shot
at
,
is
20.
skore
from
the
peece
:
now
there
is
.
6.
times
the
length
of
the
hollownesse
of
the
peece
in
euery
skore
,
and
the
peece
casteth
one
ynche
awrye
at
euery
time
the
length
of
the
hollow
of
the
peece
,
for
that
the
mettall
is
thicker
on
the
one
side
,
than
it
is
on
the
other
by
.
2.
ynches
,
then
take
from
the
thicker
side
one
ynch
,
and
adde
vnto
the
other
side
that
one
ynch
,
then
it
will
set
the
hollownes
of
the
peece
right
in
the
middle
of
the
mettall
,
as
it
is
.
5.
ynches
thick
on
the
thicker
side
,
and
but.
3.
ynches
thicke
on
the
thinner
side
,
then
take
from
.
5.
ynches
one
ynche
,
and
there
doth
remain
but.
4.
ynches
,
&
then
adde
vnto
.
3.
ynches
one
ynche
,
and
then
it
maketh
.
4.
ynches
,
&
then
both
the
sides
be
of
one
like
thicknes
:
then
(
as
before
is
said
)
there
is
.
6.
times
the
length
of
the
hollownesse
of
the
peece
in
euery
skore
,
so
that
the
peece
casteth
awry
in
euery
skore
.
6.
ynches
.
Then
it
must
needes
be
said
,
that
at
the
ende
of
.
20.
skore
,
the
peece
casteth
besides
the
mark
.
20.
times
,
6.
ynches
,
and
it
maketh
.
120.
ynches
,
and
that
is
.
10.
foote
iust
.
And
furthermore
,
for
to
make
a
perfit
shot
with
this
kinde
of
peece
,
it
is
a
strange
matter
vnto
Gunners
,
and
they
had
neede
to
be
very
circumspect
for
feare
of
ouercharging
,
for
you
must
not
giue
this
kind
of
peece
pouder
according
vnto
the
weyght
of
the
mettal
,
for
that
she
hath
too
much
mettall
on
the
other
side
,
wher
it
doth
noe
good
.
And
now
for
to
make
a
shotte
with
this
kind
of
peece
,
do
this
:
first
search
the
peece
with
those
kind
of
instruments
that
I
haue
spoken
of
in
the.
2.
Chapter
,
then
if
the
thickest
part
of
the
mettall
be
vpon
the
vpper
side
of
the
peece
,
that
is
to
saye
,
at
the
tutchhole
,
the
peece
being
as
before
is
declared
.
2.
ynches
thicker
of
mettal
ther
,
than
it
is
on
the
lower
side
,
when
that
you
haue
disparted
youre
peece
truly
,
as
though
the
hollownesse
of
the
peece
ran
right
in
the
middle
of
the
mettall
,
sette
vp
your
dispart
vpon
the
mouth
of
the
peece
one
ynch
the
more
,
for
that
the
mettall
is
thickest
vpon
the
vpper
side
therof
by
.
2.
ynches
,
and
halfe
.
2.
ynches
is
on
ynche
:
then
bringing
the
middle
of
the
tayle
of
the
peece
,
and
the
top
of
youre
dispart
,
and
them
marke
,
all
three
vpon
one
right
line
,
by
the
sighte
of
your
eye
,
the
peece
being
shotte
off
you
shall
make
a
perfit
shot
vpon
the
right
line
.
Then
if
the
thickest
part
of
the
mettall
by
.
2.
ynches
be
vnder
the
peece
,
that
is
to
say
,
that
at
the
tutchhole
,
the
mettall
is
at
the
thinnest
,
when
you
doe
sette
vp
youre
true
disparte
vppon
the
mouthe
of
the
peece
,
rebate
one
ynche
of
the
lengthe
of
the
disparte
,
or
else
the
peece
will
caste
the
shotte
vnder
the
marke
,
for
that
the
thickest
side
of
the
mettall
is
downewardes
.
And
furthermore
,
if
that
the
thickest
parte
of
the
mettall
chanceth
in
any
other
place
,
howsoeuer
that
it
chanceth
,
then
at
the
thickest
side
of
the
peece
make
a
little
marke
,
as
you
may
do
it
wyth
a
little
waxe
as
bygge
as
a
pinnes
head
vpon
the
very
breech
of
the
peece
:
then
when
you
haue
disparted
this
peece
truely
,
as
though
the
hollownesse
of
the
peece
did
runne
right
in
the
middle
of
the
mettall
,
sett
vp
your
disparte
vpon
the
side
of
the
mouth
of
the
peece
,
as
right
as
you
can
make
it
,
with
a
line
against
the
little
waxe
that
is
on
the
thickest
side
on
the
breeche
of
the
peece
,
and
then
make
the
dispart
one
ynche
the
more
,
for
that
it
is
the
thicker
side
with
mettall
by
two
ynches
,
and
then
bringing
the
toppe
of
the
dispart
and
the
little
waxe
and
the
marke
,
all
three
vppon
one
right
lyne
,
you
shall
make
a
perfite
shotte
.
And
furthermore
,
if
that
it
chance
so
,
that
the
thicker
side
doth
lye
somewhat
vnderneath
the
peece
,
then
set
vp
your
dispart
vpon
the
thinner
side
of
the
peece
,
and
also
the
little
wax
vpon
the
breeche
of
the
peece
,
and
then
you
must
rebate
one
ynch
from
your
true
disparte
,
and
this
by
consideration
,
there
can
bee
no
peece
,
but
that
you
may
make
a
perfite
shott
,
for
he
that
can
by
Arte
lay
the
hollowe
or
concauitie
of
the
peece
againste
the
marke
,
must
needes
hitt
the
marke
,
so
that
the
marke
be
not
farther
off
than
the
peece
can
reach
vppon
the
right
line
:
and
this
is
true
without
any
fayle
.
CHAPTER
.
13.
How
to
giue
leuell
at
a
marke
vpon
a
hill
or
valley
,
with
the
Quadrant
.
FOr
the
shooting
at
a
hill
or
valley
to
giue
leuell
with
the
Quadrant
,
there
is
two
principall
thinges
to
be
considered
,
and
especially
,
if
that
the
marke
be
further
than
the
peece
will
reach
vppon
the
righte
lyne
.
First
,
when
they
doe
knowe
the
distance
vnto
the
marke
,
and
the
marke
more
than
that
the
peece
will
reache
vpon
the
right
line
,
then
mount
the
peece
so
many
degrees
,
till
that
the
peece
be
able
to
reache
the
marke
,
then
take
your
Quadrant
,
and
looke
through
the
two
sight
of
the
Quadrant
,
the
plummet
hanging
at
libertie
,
till
you
may
see
the
marke
iustly
vppon
the
hyll
,
winking
with
one
of
your
eyes
,
then
looke
vpon
what
degree
and
place
the
plummet
line
doth
hang
vpon
,
then
mounte
the
peece
so
many
degrees
more
as
that
doeth
come
vnto
,
for
the
height
of
the
hill
,
then
that
beeing
done
you
shall
make
a
perfecte
shotte
:
as
for
example
this
:
by
a
marke
that
stood
vpon
the
side
of
an
hill
,
and
by
Geometrie
perspectiue
,
the
distance
is
founde
to
bee
sixtie
skore
from
the
peece
,
and
now
the
peece
is
a
Culuering
,
such
a
one
as
shooteth
thirtie
skore
vppon
the
right
line
or
point
blancke
.
Now
the
marke
is
thirtie
skore
more
then
the
peece
can
reach
vppon
the
right
line
,
therefore
you
must
mount
the
peece
,
till
it
be
able
to
reach
the
marke
,
and
that
is
,
at
the
mount
of
foure
degrees
,
as
it
doth
appeare
by
the
examining
of
the
seauenth
Chapter
,
and
there
you
shall
finde
it
to
appeare
to
be
at
the
mounte
of
foure
degrees
:
nowe
that
being
knowen
,
take
your
Quadrant
,
and
take
the
number
of
degrees
that
the
hill
is
in
height
,
higher
then
the
ground
that
you
stand
vpon
,
and
that
is
done
(
as
before
is
declared
)
and
then
you
finde
that
the
marke
is
fiue
degrees
higher
than
the
grounde
that
your
peece
lyeth
vpon
,
then
adde
that
number
vnto
the
other
,
and
that
maketh
in
all
nine
degrees
iust
,
for
that
the
peece
is
mounted
foure
degrees
for
to
reach
the
marke
,
and
fiue
degrees
for
the
height
of
the
marke
,
whiche
is
higher
grounde
than
that
the
peece
doth
lye
vpon
,
then
laying
the
peece
right
vppon
the
marke
,
there
is
no
doubt
but
that
you
must
needes
make
a
perfite
shotte
,
and
to
lay
the
peece
right
vpon
the
mark
,
the
peece
being
mouuted
(
as
before
is
said
)
then
take
a
plummet
of
leade
vpon
a
small
line
or
string
,
and
lette
that
be
holden
vp
at
the
breech
,
at
the
very
end
of
the
peece
,
euen
at
the
very
middle
of
the
tayle
of
the
peece
,
then
stand
directly
behind
the
peece
,
and
wind
the
peece
,
till
you
doe
see
the
midle
of
the
mouth
of
the
peece
,
and
the
marke
,
all
three
vpon
one
right
line
,
by
the
sight
of
your
eye
,
winking
with
one
of
your
eyes
,
and
there
is
no
doubt
,
but
your
peece
doth
lye
right
vpon
your
marke
,
and
so
forth
.
And
nowe
in
like
manner
,
if
you
doe
mak
a
shotte
towards
a
valley
,
and
the
marke
more
then
the
peece
will
reach
vppon
the
righte
line
,
then
knowing
the
distance
vnto
the
marke
mounte
the
peece
,
till
it
be
able
to
reach
the
marke
,
then
turne
your
Quadrant
,
that
the
sight
go
downewards
,
the
plummet
hanging
at
libertie
,
then
you
may
see
how
many
degrees
the
ground
is
lower
,
then
the
ground
that
the
peece
doth
lye
vpon
,
and
rebate
so
many
degrees
as
that
number
commeth
vnto
,
and
laying
the
peece
right
vpon
the
marke
,
there
is
no
doubt
but
you
shall
make
a
perfite
shotte
,
as
by
an
example
with
that
peece
and
at
that
distance
before
rehearsed
,
to
a
marke
in
a
valley
,
the
ground
being
lower
at
the
marke
you
shoote
at
by
three
degrees
,
then
that
ground
that
the
peece
doth
lye
vpon
:
now
you
must
mount
the
peece
foure
degrees
to
reach
the
marke
,
and
then
you
must
rebate
three
of
those
degrees
for
the
lownesse
of
the
marke
,
and
then
you
may
conclude
,
that
the
peece
being
mounted
but
one
degree
,
it
doth
shoote
that
distance
that
it
did
at
nine
degrees
.
And
the
reason
thereof
is
most
manifest
,
for
that
the
one
is
vp
the
hill
,
and
the
other
downe
the
hill
.
And
furthermore
,
with
that
peece
,
and
at
that
distance
before
spoken
of
,
and
also
at
that
number
of
degrees
downe
the
hill
that
the
other
was
vp
the
hil
,
that
was
at
fiue
degrees
,
&
now
foure
degrees
will
reach
the
marke
vpon
a
plaine
leuell
ground
,
but
for
that
it
is
downe
the
hill
,
you
must
rebate
fiue
degrees
.
Wherefore
you
may
conclude
,
that
the
peece
must
bee
leuelled
with
the
Quadrant
,
one
degree
vnder
the
poynt
blaucke
,
that
is
to
saye
,
lower
then
the
Horizon
by
one
degree
,
for
that
the
deepenesse
of
the
valley
is
the
cause
thereof
.
Wherefore
in
mine
opinion
,
it
is
better
for
Gunners
to
vse
to
giue
leuell
with
an
ynch
rule
,
as
I
do
afore
declare
in
the
eight
Chapter
,
for
I
doe
know
,
that
this
is
the
cause
that
hath
deceiued
a
greate
number
that
are
meanly
seene
in
those
matters
,
and
for
lacke
of
considering
of
those
causes
that
may
happen
or
chaunce
,
hath
discouraged
many
that
would
haue
been
wel
seene
in
those
matters
.
CHAPTER
.
14.
Howe
to
make
a
perfite
shotte
vpon
the
lande
,
at
the
brode
side
of
a
Shippe
that
is
vnder
sayle
,
and
going
.
FUrthermore
,
for
the
making
of
a
perfite
shotte
vpon
the
lande
,
at
a
shippe
that
is
vnder
sayle
in
a
Riuer
,
the
chiefest
matter
is
,
to
haue
good
Pouder
,
that
the
peece
may
goe
off
so
soone
as
shee
hath
fire
giuen
vnto
her
:
and
to
shoote
at
her
brode
side
,
doe
this
:
First
before
she
commeth
to
you
,
view
at
what
proportion
she
commeth
,
that
is
to
say
,
whether
that
she
commeth
in
the
middle
,
or
vnto
any
of
the
sides
,
or
vnto
any
other
proportion
,
then
your
peeces
beeing
truely
disparted
,
lay
your
peece
against
some
marke
vpon
the
further
side
of
the
Riuer
,
that
being
done
,
then
koyne
vp
the
tayle
of
the
peece
,
till
the
top
of
the
dispart
standeth
with
that
proportion
which
the
ship
commeth
vpon
:
that
being
done
,
then
it
is
good
for
you
to
haue
another
imagined
marke
,
somewhat
neerer
the
Shippe
,
besides
that
marke
which
the
peece
lyeth
vpon
,
like
a
twentie
foote
,
according
vnto
the
way
of
the
Shippe
,
for
if
that
the
Shippe
haue
fresh
way
,
then
giue
fire
vnto
the
peece
or
peeres
,
twentie
or
thirtie
foote
,
before
that
the
Shippe
commeth
vnto
your
thwart
marke
that
the
peece
lyeth
right
against
,
and
this
being
discretely
done
,
there
is
no
doubt
but
you
shall
make
a
perfect
shot
.
And
furthermore
,
if
it
be
vppon
the
Sea
coast
,
where
there
is
no
land
seene
vpon
the
further
side
,
then
take
a
thwart
marke
by
some
Cloude
that
is
alow
neere
the
Horizon
.
And
furthermore
,
if
that
any
shippe
doe
go
directly
from
you
wards
,
or
else
come
directly
to
youwards
,
then
it
is
a
small
matter
to
make
a
perfect
shatte
,
that
is
to
say
,
if
that
her
head
or
sterne
be
towards
your
Ordnaunce
.
&c.
CHAPTER
.
15.
Howe
to
make
a
shotte
out
of
one
Ship
vnto
another
,
that
although
the
Sea
be
wrought
,
or
out
of
a
Galley
to
a
Shippe
.
AS
for
Gunners
that
do
serue
by
the
Sea
,
must
obserue
this
order
following
.
First
that
they
doe
foresee
that
all
their
great
Ordnaunce
be
fast
breeched
,
and
foresee
that
all
ther
geare
be
handsome
and
in
a
readinesse
.
And
furthermore
that
they
bee
very
circumspect
about
their
Pouder
in
the
time
of
seruice
,
and
especially
beware
of
their
limstockes
&
candels
for
feare
of
their
Pouder
,
&
their
fireworks
,
&
their
Ourum
,
which
is
very
daungerous
,
and
much
to
bee
feared
.
Then
furthermore
,
that
you
do
keepe
your
peeces
as
neer
as
you
can
,
dry
within
,
and
also
,
that
you
keep
their
tutchholes
cleane
,
without
any
kinde
of
drosse
falling
into
them
.
And
furthermore
,
it
is
good
for
the
Gunners
to
view
their
peeces
,
and
for
to
know
their
perfect
dispart
,
and
marke
it
vpon
the
peece
,
or
else
in
some
Booke
or
Table
,
and
name
euery
peece
what
it
is
,
and
where
she
doth
lye
in
the
ship
,
and
name
how
many
ynches
,
and
half
ynches
and
quarters
of
ynches
the
dispart
commeth
vnto
,
and
then
in
time
of
seruice
,
although
that
you
haue
no
time
to
set
vppe
your
disparte
you
may
consider
of
it
,
and
doe
it
well
ynough
.
And
furthermore
,
if
that
you
were
driuen
to
make
a
shot
vpon
a
soddayne
,
and
knowe
not
what
disparte
woulde
serue
the
peece
,
yet
this
you
may
doe
,
and
speede
well
ynough
:
first
looke
all
alongst
by
the
side
of
the
peece
as
neere
as
you
may
at
the
middle
of
the
breech
of
the
peece
,
vnto
the
middle
of
the
mouth
of
the
peece
,
and
so
by
the
sight
of
your
eye
,
lay
it
right
against
the
marke
,
and
then
koyne
vp
the
tayle
of
your
peece
fast
,
for
that
giueth
the
peece
the
true
height
of
the
marke
:
then
take
the
nexte
sight
aloft
vpon
the
peece
,
from
the
breech
of
the
peece
,
vnto
the
mouth
,
and
so
laye
the
peece
right
vppon
the
marke
.
But
you
would
iudge
by
the
sight
of
your
eye
,
that
the
peece
lye
a
great
deale
,
vnder
the
marke
:
for
that
the
mettall
of
the
peece
is
a
greate
deale
thicker
then
the
mettall
of
the
mouth
of
the
peece
,
and
therefore
the
sight
of
the
side
of
the
peece
,
giueth
her
the
true
height
of
the
marke
,
and
then
laying
the
peece
right
with
the
Ship
that
you
doe
meane
to
shoote
at
,
looking
well
to
youre
Steeradge
.
Nowe
furthermore
,
if
the
Sea
be
wrought
or
growen
,
&
the
Shippes
do
both
heaue
and
set
,
then
if
you
would
make
a
perfect
shot
,
do
this
:
First
choose
your
peece
between
the
Lauflau
,
and
the
mayne
Mast
,
vpon
the
lower
Orloppe
,
if
the
Shippe
may
keepe
the
porte
open
,
and
for
this
cause
you
shal
do
it
,
for
that
the
ship
doth
least
labour
there
:
for
any
Shippe
that
doth
heaue
,
and
set
neuer
so
sore
,
doth
hang
as
though
she
were
vppon
an
Ariltree
,
there
labouring
least
,
except
she
doth
seel
or
roule
.
But
if
any
Ship
hang
any
thing
by
the
wind
,
it
will
not
lightly
seel
or
roule
.
Then
if
you
doe
make
a
shotte
at
another
Shippe
,
you
must
bee
sure
to
haue
a
good
helme-man
,
that
can
stirre
steadie
,
taking
some
marke
of
a
Cloude
that
is
aboue
by
the
Horizon
or
by
the
shadowe
of
the
Sunne
,
or
by
your
standing
still
,
take
some
marke
of
the
other
shippe
through
some
hole
,
or
any
such
other
like
.
Then
he
that
giueth
leuell
,
must
obserue
this
:
first
consider
what
disparte
his
peece
must
haue
,
then
laye
the
peece
directly
with
that
parte
of
the
Shippe
that
he
doth
meane
to
shoote
at
:
then
if
the
Shippe
bee
vnder
the
lee
side
of
your
Shippe
,
shoote
your
peece
in
the
comming
downe
of
the
Gayle
,
and
the
beginning
of
the
other
Ship
to
rise
vpon
the
Sea
,
as
neere
as
you
can
,
for
this
cause
,
for
when
the
other
shippe
is
aloft
vpon
the
Sea
,
and
shee
vnder
your
Lee
,
the
Gayle
maketh
her
for
to
head
,
and
then
it
is
likest
to
doe
much
good
.
Now
furthermore
,
if
that
the
Shippe
you
doe
shoote
at
haue
the
weather
gage
of
you
,
then
your
peece
that
you
doe
shoote
at
her
,
must
needes
bee
on
the
weather
side
of
the
Shippe
:
then
giue
fire
vnto
the
peece
in
the
righting
of
both
the
Shipps
.
When
that
the
Gayle
is
ouer
,
you
must
awaite
when
the
other
Shippe
doth
beginne
for
to
arise
vpon
the
Sea
,
and
especially
that
part
of
the
Ship
that
you
doe
meane
for
to
shoote
at
,
for
this
cause
,
for
when
that
the
Gayle
is
ouer
,
then
both
the
Shippes
doe
righte
,
for
if
that
you
should
shoote
in
the
helding
of
your
Shippe
,
then
you
shoulde
shoote
ouer
the
other
Shippe
.
And
furthermore
,
if
you
shoote
when
the
other
Shippe
is
alofte
on
the
toppe
of
the
Sea
,
you
haue
a
bigger
marke
than
when
she
is
in
the
trough
of
the
Sea
.
Therefore
there
is
no
better
time
for
to
giue
fire
,
then
when
shee
is
beginning
to
rise
vpon
the
Sea
,
that
is
,
when
you
see
her
in
the
trough
of
the
Sea
:
and
you
must
vse
that
according
vnto
the
distance
betweene
two
Shippes
,
for
you
must
consider
,
that
the
shotte
must
haue
a
time
for
to
come
to
the
shippe
,
for
no
man
can
describe
the
thing
so
well
,
as
hee
that
doth
see
the
thing
apparante
before
his
eyes
,
for
his
reason
in
those
causes
must
helpe
him
,
and
the
principallest
thing
is
that
,
that
hee
that
is
at
the
Helme
must
bee
sure
to
stirre
steadye
,
and
bee
ruled
by
him
that
giueth
the
leuell
,
and
hee
that
giueth
fire
,
must
bee
nimble
,
and
readye
at
a
suddayne
.
And
also
hee
that
is
at
the
Helme
,
must
bee
nimble
and
steady
,
that
is
,
to
putte
roomer
,
when
that
the
other
Shippe
dothe
putte
roome
,
and
for
to
loofe
,
when
that
the
other
Shippe
doeth
plye
his
loofe
.
And
it
is
good
for
the
Gunner
to
koyne
the
mouth
of
his
peece
,
somewhat
with
the
lowest
,
rather
then
any
thing
with
the
hyghest
,
for
if
that
the
shotte
flyeth
ouer
the
Shippe
,
then
it
dothe
no
good
,
but
if
that
it
commeth
shorte
of
the
Shipoe
,
it
will
graze
in
the
water
and
rise
agayne
,
and
speede
well
ynough
,
so
that
it
bee
not
too
muche
too
shorte
of
the
Shippe
,
for
too
muche
too
shorte
dothe
kill
the
shotte
in
the
Sea
and
especiallye
if
that
the
distance
bee
anye
thing
farre
off
.
And
furthermore
,
for
the
Sea
fight
,
if
the
one
doe
meane
to
lay
the
other
aboorde
,
then
they
doe
call
vp
their
company
,
eyther
for
to
enter
or
to
defend
:
and
first
,
if
that
they
doe
meane
for
to
enter
(
as
you
may
knowe
)
that
hee
will
prease
to
laye
you
aboorde
,
then
marke
where
that
you
doe
see
anye
Scottles
for
to
come
vppe
at
,
as
they
will
stande
neere
there
aboutes
,
to
the
intente
for
to
bee
readie
,
for
to
come
vppe
vnder
the
Scottles
:
there
giue
leuell
with
your
Fowlers
,
or
Slinges
,
or
Bases
,
for
there
you
shall
bee
sure
to
doe
most
good
,
then
furthermore
,
if
you
doe
meane
for
to
enter
him
,
then
giue
leuel
with
your
Fowlers
and
Portpeeces
,
where
you
doe
see
his
chiefest
fight
of
his
shippe
is
,
and
especially
be
sure
to
haue
them
charged
,
and
to
shoote
,
them
off
at
the
first
boording
of
the
Shippes
,
for
then
you
shall
be
sure
to
speede
.
And
furthermore
,
marke
where
his
men
haue
most
recourse
,
there
discharge
your
Fowlers
and
Bases
.
And
furthermore
,
for
the
annoyance
of
your
enemie
,
if
that
at
the
boording
that
the
Sippes
lye
,
therefore
you
may
take
away
their
steeradge
with
one
of
your
great
peeces
that
is
to
shoote
at
his
Rother
,
and
furthermore
at
his
mayne
mast
,
and
so
foorth
.
Thus
muche
haue
I
said
as
touching
Sea
Gunners
,
for
that
I
doe
know
they
do
meddle
with
no
other
fightes
,
and
therefore
it
is
meete
for
him
to
seeke
as
much
as
in
him
lyeth
,
for
to
annoy
the
enemie
with
fireworkes
and
Ordnaunce
&c.
And
furthermore
,
if
the
Shippe
doth
seell
or
rowle
,
then
the
best
place
of
the
ship
for
to
make
a
shotte
,
is
out
of
the
head
or
sterne
.
And
furthermore
,
for
to
make
a
shot
out
of
a
Galley
,
and
especially
the
Cannon
that
lyeth
in
the
Case
,
or
Prow
,
he
that
giueth
fire
,
must
be
ruled
by
him
that
is
at
the
helme
,
because
he
can
neyther
koyne
her
vp
nor
downe
,
for
that
she
lyeth
in
the
case
,
for
he
that
stirreth
,
must
giue
leuell
.
And
furthermore
,
the
Cannon
that
lyeth
in
the
case
,
can
not
lightly
shoote
a
shippe
vnder
water
,
neither
betweene
the
wind
and
the
water
,
where
that
it
is
not
on
the
Sea
,
and
especially
if
the
Ship
be
at
hand
,
for
that
she
lyeth
leuell
,
for
looke
how
high
,
that
the
peece
is
aboue
the
Sea
,
so
high
shall
the
shotte
hitte
any
thing
aboue
the
water
,
as
farre
as
the
peece
can
cast
vppon
the
right
line
.
And
for
to
make
a
shotte
out
of
a
Galley
vnto
a
Shippe
,
for
to
strike
him
vnder
the
water
,
or
betweene
the
wind
and
the
water
.
First
waight
the
Sippe
lying
in
the
trough
of
the
Sea
,
when
she
doth
begin
to
rise
vppon
the
Sea
,
and
then
in
lyke
manner
,
when
you
do
see
that
the
Galleys
head
doth
beginne
to
descende
,
then
giue
fire
vnto
the
peece
,
and
you
shall
make
a
perfite
shotte
.
Furthermore
,
if
the
Galley
be
in
fight
with
another
Shyppe
in
a
calme
,
then
the
Shyppe
will
skant
waue
or
stirre
,
and
then
the
Galley
may
play
off
and
on
at
hir
pleasure
:
and
then
to
make
a
shotte
at
hande
,
is
some
matter
,
for
in
a
calme
,
the
Shyppes
doe
neither
ryse
nor
fall
,
but
a
little
,
in
comparison
of
any
thing
to
the
purpose
:
neyther
dothe
the
Galleys
head
either
heaue
nor
set
to
any
purpose
,
if
the
Shippe
be
at
hand
,
to
the
intent
or
purpose
to
shoote
a
Shippe
vnder
the
watter
.
Therefore
when
you
meane
to
strike
a
Shippe
vnder
the
water
with
a
Galley
,
and
dare
not
lay
them
aboorde
,
then
koyle
your
Cabels
forwards
,
with
the
trimming
forwarde
of
your
waightie
geare
into
the
Galleys
head
,
so
lowe
,
till
it
shall
serue
your
turne
,
by
bringing
also
your
men
forwardes
:
then
by
the
Steeradge
with
your
Ores
,
or
with
your
Helme
,
you
may
shoote
against
what
part
of
the
Shippe
you
will
,
and
so
shoote
hir
vnder
water
at
your
pleasure
.
CHAPTER
.
16.
In
what
order
to
place
Ordnaunce
in
Shippes
.
ANd
furthermore
,
I
do
think
it
conueniente
to
shew
you
how
to
fit
or
place
Ordnaunce
in
any
Shippe
:
&
this
is
to
be
considered
,
first
that
the
cariag
be
made
in
such
shot
,
that
the
peece
may
lie
right
in
the
middle
of
the
port
,
&
that
the
trockes
or
wheeles
be
not
too
hygh
,
for
if
the
treckes
be
too
high
,
then
it
will
keepe
the
cariage
that
it
will
not
goe
close
vnto
the
Shippes
side
,
and
by
that
meanes
the
peece
will
not
scant
go
out
of
the
porte
,
excepte
that
the
peece
be
of
some
reasonable
length
:
and
also
,
if
that
the
Shyppe
doe
holde
that
waye
,
the
Trockes
will
alwayes
runne
close
to
the
Shyppes
side
,
so
that
if
you
haue
any
occasion
to
make
a
shotte
,
you
shall
not
bring
the
Trockes
off
from
the
Shyppes
side
,
but
that
it
will
runne
too
again
.
And
the
wheele
or
Trocke
beyng
very
hygh
,
it
is
not
a
small
thinge
vnder
a
Trocke
wyll
stay
it
but
that
it
may
runne
ouer
it
,
&c.
And
also
,
if
that
the
Trocke
be
hygh
,
it
wyll
cause
the
peece
to
haue
the
greater
reuerse
or
recoyle
,
therefore
,
the
lower
that
the
wheeles
or
Trockes
be
,
it
is
the
better
and
so
forth
.
Alwayes
prouided
,
that
the
peece
bee
placed
in
the
verye
middle
of
the
porte
,
that
is
to
saye
,
that
the
peece
lying
leuell
at
poynte
blancke
,
and
the
Shyppe
,
to
bee
vprighte
,
wythout
anye
helding
,
that
it
be
as
many
inches
from
the
lower
syde
of
the
porte
beneath
,
as
it
is
vnto
the
vpper
part
aboue
iustely
.
And
the
deeper
or
hygher
that
the
portes
bee
vp
and
downe
,
it
is
the
better
to
make
a
shot
,
for
the
heldyng
of
the
Shyppe
,
whether
that
it
bee
the
lec
syde
,
or
the
weather
syde
of
the
Shyppe
,
for
if
you
haue
anye
occasyon
to
shoote
eyther
for
wardes
or
backwards
,
the
steeradge
of
the
Shyppe
wyll
serue
the
turne
,
but
if
that
the
Shyppe
dothe
heelde
muche
,
then
if
that
the
peece
bee
lette
by
the
lower
parte
of
the
porte
,
then
you
muste
needes
shoote
ouer
the
marke
,
and
if
it
bee
lette
by
the
vpper
syde
of
the
porte
,
then
you
shall
shoote
shorte
of
the
marke
.
&c.
Wherefore
,
when
that
the
Carpenters
dothe
cutte
out
anye
portes
in
a
Shippe
,
then
lette
them
cutte
them
out
deepe
ynough
vppe
and
downe
.
&c.
And
also
,
it
is
verye
euyll
,
for
to
haue
the
Orloppe
or
Decke
too
lowe
vnder
the
porte
,
for
then
the
carriage
muste
bee
made
verye
hygh
,
and
that
is
verye
euill
in
dyuers
respectes
,
for
then
in
the
shootyng
off
the
peece
,
it
is
apte
to
ouerthrowe
,
and
also
by
the
labouring
and
the
seelyng
of
the
Shyppe
,
and
so
foorth
.
And
furthermore
,
you
muste
haue
a
consyderation
for
the
fytting
of
youre
Ordnaunce
in
the
Shippes
,
as
thys
,
the
shorter
Ordnaunce
is
beste
to
bee
placed
out
at
the
Shippes
syde
,
for
two
or
three
causes
,
as
this
.
Fyrste
,
for
the
ease
of
the
Shyppe
,
for
theyr
shortenesse
they
are
the
lyghter
:
and
also
,
if
that
the
Shyppes
shoulde
heelde
wyth
the
bearyng
of
a
Sayle
,
that
you
muste
shutte
the
portes
,
especially
if
that
the
Ordnaunce
bee
vppon
the
lower
Orloppe
,
and
then
the
shorter
peece
is
the
easyer
to
bee
taken
in
,
both
for
the
shortenesse
and
the
weyght
also
.
In
lyke
manner
,
the
shorter
that
the
peece
lyeth
oute
of
the
shyppes
syde
,
the
lesse
it
shall
annoy
them
in
the
tacklyng
of
the
Shyppes
Sayles
,
for
if
that
the
peece
doe
lye
verye
farre
oute
of
the
Shyppes
syde
,
then
the
Sheetes
and
Tackes
,
or
the
Bolynes
wyll
alwayes
bee
foule
of
the
Ordnaunce
,
whereby
it
maye
muche
annoy
them
in
foule
weather
,
and
so
foorth
.
And
it
is
verye
good
for
you
to
haue
long
Ordnaunce
to
bee
placed
righte
oute
of
the
Sterne
of
the
Shyppe
for
two
causes
:
the
one
is
this
.
The
peece
muste
lye
verye
farre
oute
of
the
porte
,
or
else
in
the
shooting
,
it
may
blowe
vp
the
Counter
of
the
Shyppes
sterne
.
And
also
,
the
peece
had
neede
be
very
large
,
for
else
it
will
not
go
very
farre
out
,
for
the
worke
of
a
ships
sterne
hangeth
very
farre
outwards
from
the
decke
or
Orloppe
vp
to
the
port
,
so
that
the
carriage
may
be
close
belowe
,
but
not
aloft
,
&c.
And
also
if
you
haue
any
chasing
peeces
to
shoote
right
forwardes
,
then
they
must
bee
long
Oronaunce
in
like
manner
,
so
that
you
must
fitte
your
Ordnaunce
,
according
vnto
the
place
that
it
must
lye
in
,
and
also
(
as
is
before
rehearsed
)
that
it
is
not
good
for
to
haue
the
mountance
or
carredge
to
high
.
Therefore
,
if
that
the
Orloppe
or
decke
bee
too
lowe
vnder
the
porte
,
then
it
is
good
for
you
to
make
a
platforme
vnder
the
port
,
that
the
trockes
of
the
carredge
may
stand
vpon
.
And
also
,
when
you
doe
take
the
measure
of
the
porte
,
from
the
decke
or
Orloppe
,
to
the
end
to
fitte
the
mountance
or
carredge
in
height
,
that
the
peece
may
lye
right
in
the
middle
of
the
porte
,
then
you
viewing
the
decke
or
Orlop
,
and
considering
what
height
you
will
haue
the
wheele
or
Trocke
,
and
also
marke
whether
or
how
that
the
Ships
side
doth
hang
inwards
,
or
outwards
,
and
also
the
Cambring
of
the
decke
or
Orloppe
,
and
then
you
perceiuing
where
the
formost
trockes
doth
or
must
stande
,
when
that
the
carredge
doth
go
close
to
the
porte
.
Then
where
as
the
very
middle
of
the
foremost
trockes
dothe
stande
,
there
take
the
true
measure
in
heygth
from
the
Decke
or
Orloppe
,
vpwards
,
and
so
shall
you
knowe
iustly
howe
many
ynches
will
laye
the
peece
righte
in
the
very
middle
of
the
porte
:
for
if
you
doe
take
the
measure
of
the
heygth
of
the
porte
from
the
porte
downe
vnto
the
Decke
or
Orloppe
,
then
by
the
meanes
of
the
Cambering
,
the
Decke
or
Orloppe
,
and
also
the
wheeles
or
Trockes
doth
not
come
to
stand
right
vnder
the
porte
,
so
by
that
meanes
the
Decke
or
Orlop
is
higher
inwards
,
and
that
shal
cause
you
to
make
the
mountance
or
carriage
too
high
,
for
that
the
wheeles
or
Trockes
that
the
carriage
lyeth
vpon
,
shall
be
a
foote
more
or
lesse
into
the
Shipwards
,
and
then
looke
into
the
Cambering
of
the
Decke
or
Orloppe
,
that
it
riseth
inwardes
more
,
than
it
is
righte
vnder
the
Porte
,
you
shall
take
the
measure
so
much
too
high
for
the
peece
to
lay
her
right
in
the
middle
of
the
Porte
&c.
CHAPTER
.
17.
How
to
shoot
at
a
moueable
mark
vpon
the
lande
,
and
also
what
kind
of
shotte
is
the
best
to
be
vsed
,
according
vnto
the
cause
&c.
ANd
furthermore
,
to
shoote
at
any
moueable
marke
vpon
the
land
,
either
at
Horsemen
,
or
at
footmen
,
when
you
do
see
then
comming
,
then
place
your
Ordnance
vpon
some
marke
in
their
way
,
as
right
vpon
some
bush
,
or
any
other
marke
that
is
in
the
high
way
,
that
they
must
come
by
,
or
most
specially
at
some
place
where
there
is
a
turning
,
for
in
a
turning
,
there
they
doe
tarrie
longest
before
they
be
altered
from
the
marke
,
and
then
it
is
best
shooting
off
your
Ordnaunce
to
do
any
spoyle
:
and
also
vpon
the
land
,
you
may
try
what
any
peece
will
do
at
any
marke
,
as
touching
the
keeping
of
the
length
of
the
marke
,
&c.
And
furthermore
,
as
touching
this
,
to
knowe
what
kind
of
shotte
is
most
meetest
to
bee
vsed
to
doe
seruice
in
a
field
,
or
otherwise
,
with
their
great
Ordnaunce
,
as
Cannons
,
or
Culuerings
,
at
a
great
distance
,
to
shoote
the
whole
yron
shot
as
you
doe
at
battery
,
&
as
they
doe
aproch
neere
,
then
to
shoote
Faucon
shotte
,
and
as
they
doe
come
neerer
,
Faconershotte
,
or
smal
base
shotte
,
and
at
hand
all
manner
of
spoyling
shot
,
as
chayne
shotte
,
or
cliue
shot
,
and
discshot
,
and
such
other
like
.
&c.
CHAPTER
.
18.
How
you
shal
knowe
if
any
peece
of
Ordnaunce
bee
sufficiently
mettalled
,
and
also
the
cause
that
the
Cannons
doe
not
occupie
the
weight
in
Pouder
that
the
shotte
weieth
.
FOr
to
knowe
whether
that
any
peece
of
Ordnaunce
bee
sufficiently
metalled
to
beare
her
charge
with
Pouder
,
then
this
is
generall
,
that
in
the
chamber
before
the
tutchhole
,
so
farre
as
the
Pouder
doth
reach
to
the
mouthwards
,
that
the
mettall
be
in
thicknesse
as
high
as
the
shot
round
about
the
sides
of
the
peece
,
and
somewhat
thicker
,
and
if
that
the
mettal
be
not
in
thicknesse
as
much
as
the
height
of
the
shotte
,
then
she
is
too
slenderly
mettalled
,
&c.
And
furthermore
,
the
cause
why
the
Cannons
and
other
great
Ordnaunce
doth
not
shoote
so
much
Pouder
in
weight
as
the
shotte
weieth
,
although
that
the
rule
and
order
of
the
founders
of
Ordnaunce
,
is
to
cast
the
thicknes
of
the
mettall
as
much
as
the
shotte
is
in
height
of
al
sorts
of
peeces
,
as
wel
in
Cannons
,
as
in
al
other
sortes
of
peeces
,
and
yet
the
Cannon
maye
not
haue
the
weight
in
Pouder
that
the
shotte
weyeth
,
as
all
small
Ordnaunce
hath
.
And
furthermore
,
the
cause
thereof
groweth
by
this
meanes
,
for
in
the
doubling
the
thicknesse
of
the
mettall
of
the
peece
,
it
doth
but
increase
as
a
platforme
,
or
superficiall
,
that
is
,
for
double
measure
,
to
be
foure
times
the
quantitie
.
And
as
for
the
shotte
in
the
doubling
of
the
measure
,
it
is
eight
times
the
quantitie
,
and
so
it
is
in
all
bodies
as
Cubes
,
or
Globes
,
and
such
other
like
,
as
I
do
more
at
large
declare
in
the
third
part
of
my
booke
,
called
A
treasure
for
Trauellers
.
And
yet
you
shall
haue
this
example
here
by
a
shotte
of
three
ynches
high
,
and
that
shot
wayeth
three
pound
three
quarters
,
the
peece
being
a
Minion
,
and
the
metall
is
three
ynches
thick
.
And
now
I
haue
another
peece
that
the
shotte
is
double
the
height
,
that
is
,
sixe
ynches
high
,
and
the
shotte
will
wey
thirtye
pounde
,
and
now
the
mettall
being
double
,
is
but
sixe
ynches
thicke
,
and
the
bigger
shotte
is
eyght
times
the
bignesse
of
the
lesser
,
and
the
measure
but
double
,
yet
notwithstanding
,
the
diuersitie
is
not
so
much
as
it
seemeth
:
for
if
that
both
the
peeces
were
cast
of
one
length
,
and
double
in
measure
,
in
compasse
in
all
places
,
then
the
bigger
peece
should
wey
foure
times
the
weight
of
the
lesser
.
And
this
is
the
cause
,
that
the
Cannons
must
not
haue
the
weight
in
pouder
that
the
shotte
wayeth
,
for
the
weight
of
the
peece
,
and
the
weight
of
the
shotte
,
must
rule
the
matter
,
as
I
doe
plainely
she
we
in
the
third
Chapter
of
this
booke
going
before
.
CHAPTER
.
19.
In
what
order
you
shall
giue
leuell
with
your
Ordnaunce
at
a
batterie
,
to
beate
downe
the
walles
of
any
place
,
and
also
what
to
obserue
,
in
the
giuing
fire
vnto
them
.
AS
I
doe
think
,
it
is
not
vnmeet
to
shew
by
what
order
you
shall
giue
your
leuel
,
and
shoote
off
your
Ordnaunce
at
a
Batterie
,
that
is
to
saie
,
to
beate
downe
,
or
shake
downe
the
walles
of
any
Towne
or
fortresse
:
&
for
the
beating
them
down
in
the
giuing
of
your
leuell
,
and
shooting
them
off
,
do
this
:
after
that
you
haue
planted
your
Ordnaunce
,
eyther
in
two
places
or
in
three
places
,
as
the
place
doth
require
,
but
in
my
opinion
,
two
places
is
sufficient
vnto
one
place
,
to
beat
it
downe
,
to
the
intent
to
make
a
breach
,
and
if
it
be
vnto
a
Collion
point
,
then
it
is
best
to
place
your
battrey
but
into
two
partes
,
and
otherwise
as
the
place
doth
require
,
&
then
in
giuing
of
leuel
,
do
this
.
First
,
wheras
you
do
mean
to
beginne
to
make
the
breach
,
and
being
but
at
one
place
of
your
Ordnaunce
,
giue
leuell
with
one
peece
belowe
,
at
the
bottome
of
the
wall
,
and
with
the
next
peece
a
foote
higher
right
ouer
that
,
and
with
the
third
,
right
a
fote
ouer
that
,
and
so
foorth
vnto
euery
peece
at
that
part
of
the
battery
,
sauing
you
neede
not
giue
the
leuell
vnto
no
peece
,
more
than
three
quarters
the
heygth
of
the
wall
,
and
then
in
like
maner
,
giue
your
leuell
with
your
peeces
at
the
other
parte
of
youre
battrie
,
vnto
that
place
that
the
other
part
was
layd
right
against
,
within
a
fadome
or
more
,
at
youre
discretion
,
as
the
place
requireth
,
so
that
the
one
place
may
flancke
or
beate
against
the
other
,
crossing
in
the
middle
of
the
wall
,
and
when
you
doe
meane
to
shoote
them
off
,
then
giue
fire
vnto
them
all
at
once
at
both
the
places
,
that
they
may
all
beate
and
shake
the
wall
at
one
time
together
,
and
then
it
will
beate
it
downe
or
shake
it
downe
the
faster
,
and
the
bottome
being
beaten
away
,
the
toppe
will
fall
away
of
it selfe
,
and
so
when
that
you
haue
broken
the
wall
,
and
stil
do
make
it
wider
,
then
giue
leuel
at
your
discretion
vpon
the
wall
,
obseruing
the
order
before
rehearsed
,
both
in
the
leuelling
,
and
of
the
giuing
of
fire
vnto
the
peeces
,
&c.
CHAPTER
.
20
The
weight
of
all
manner
of
cast
peeces
of
Ordnaunce
,
from
the
Cannon
,
vnto
the
Fauconte
,
and
also
the
weight
of
the
shotte
,
and
the
weight
of
the
Pouder
that
they
doe
occupie
,
with
the
height
of
the
shot
,
and
length
of
the
peece
and
all
such
other
like
causes
,
according
vnto
the
names
of
the
peeces
,
&c.
ANd
furthermore
,
I
do
thinke
it
conuentient
,
to
shew
vnto
thee
the
weight
of
the
shot
,
and
the
weight
of
the
Pouder
that
they
doe
wey
,
and
the
length
and
breadth
of
the
Ladell
,
and
the
weight
and
length
of
the
peeces
,
according
vnto
their
names
.
And
first
,
for
the
Cannons
,
&
there
be
of
sundrie
sortes
.
The
eldest
&
biggest
sorte
of
the
double
Cannons
,
the
mouth
of
them
is
in
height
.
8.
ynches
and
a
quarter
.
The
shot
is
in
height
8.
ynches
,
and
wayeth
about
70.
pound
of
yron
,
and
the
weight
of
the
peece
is
about
8000.
&
in
length
,
about
12.
foote
more
or
lesse
,
and
comporteth
in
Pouder
.
46.
pound
Serpentine
.
The
length
of
the
Ladel
is
24.
ynches
,
the
breadth
of
the
Ladell
is
.
15.
ynches
½
&c.
The
ordinarie
double
Cannons
,
the
peece
is
.
8.
ynches
high
in
the
mouth
,
the
shotte
is
in
heigth
.
7.
ynches
three
quarters
,
it
wayeth
of
yron
about
.
64.
pounde
,
and
the
weight
of
the
peece
is
about
.
7500.
and
in
length
neere
about
eleuen
or
twelue
foote
long
,
and
occupieth
in
Pouder
.
42.
pounde
Serpentine
,
the
length
of
the
Ladell
is
23.
ynches
a
quarter
,
the
breadth
thereof
fifteene
ynches
¼
and
the
compasse
of
the
shotte
is
foure
and
twentie
ynches
.
The
French
double
Canons
,
the
peece
is
in
the
mouth
seauen
ynches
three
quarters
,
in
heigth
the
shotte
seauen
ynches
½
high
,
and
weyeth
being
of
yron
about
.
58.
pound
,
and
the
peece
weyeth
about
seauen
thousande
,
and
is
in
length
as
the
other
before
rehearsed
,
comporteth
in
Pouder
neere
fortie
pounde
Serpentine
:
the
length
of
their
Ladels
is
but
fifteene
ynches
,
for
that
they
doe
lade
their
peeces
with
three
Ladelfulles
,
and
we
heere
in
England
but
with
two
,
and
the
bredth
of
the
plate
of
their
Ladell
is
fifteene
ynches
,
&c.
Demy
Cannons
.
ANd
first
the
Demy
Cannons
of
the
eldest
sorte
,
the
peece
is
sixe
ynches
three
quarters
in
heigth
,
in
the
mouth
,
the
shotte
sixe
ynches
and
a
halfe
in
heigth
:
the
shotte
of
yron
wayeth
eyght
and
thirtie
pound
,
and
the
weight
of
the
peece
is
neere
sixe
thousande
,
and
in
length
eleuen
or
twelue
foote
long
,
and
occupyeth
in
Pouder
sixe
and
twentie
pounde
Serpentine
,
the
length
of
the
Ladell
three
and
twentie
ynches
,
the
breadth
of
the
plate
of
the
Ladell
twelue
ynches
⅕
partes
,
and
the
compasse
of
the
shotte
is
twentie
ynches
3/7
partes
.
The
ordinary
Demy
Cannon
,
the
heigth
of
the
mouth
is
sixe
ynches
and
a
halfe
,
the
heigth
of
the
shotte
sixe
ynches
a
quarter
,
the
weight
of
the
shotte
in
yron
thirtie
three
pounde
,
and
the
weight
of
the
peece
is
about
5500.
and
the
peece
is
in
length
tenne
or
eleuen
foote
,
and
her
charge
in
Pouder
is
foure
and
twentie
pounde
Serpentine
,
the
length
of
the
Ladell
is
two
and
twentie
ynches
,
and
the
breadth
of
the
plate
of
the
Ladell
is
twelue
ynches
.
Some
sortes
of
Demy
Cannons
,
the
heigth
of
the
mouth
of
the
peece
but
sixe
ynches
,
a
quarter
,
the
heigth
of
the
shott
sixe
ynches
,
the
weight
of
the
shotte
of
yron
thirtie
pound
,
and
the
weight
of
the
peece
fiue
thousand
,
or
.
5400.
the
length
as
afore
,
her
charge
in
Pouder
foure
and
twentie
pounde
Sarpentine
,
the
length
of
the
Ladell
three
and
twentie
ynches
,
the
breadth
eleuen
inches
and
a
halfe
.
The
French
Demy
Cannon
,
and
of
some
other
foraine
Nations
,
the
height
of
the
mouth
of
the
peece
but
6.
ynches
,
the
height
of
the
shotte
fiue
ynches
three
quarters
,
the
weyght
of
the
yron
shotte
sixe
and
twentie
pound
d.
and
the
weight
of
the
peeces
fiue
thousande
more
or
lesse
,
their
lengthes
of
the
ordinarie
sort
,
and
shooteth
in
Pouder
two
and
twentie
,
or
three
&
twenty
pound
Sarpentine
,
the
length
of
the
Ladell
sixteene
ynches
,
and
three
Ladell
fulles
to
charge
the
peece
:
the
breadth
of
the
Ladell
eleuen
ynches
.
Culuerings
.
THe
elder
sorte
of
whole
Culuerings
,
called
of
some
Norborow
Culuerings
,
the
heigth
of
the
mouth
of
the
peece
fiue
ynches
and
a
halfe
,
the
heigth
of
the
shot
.
5.
ynches
a
quarter
.
The
weyght
of
the
shotte
in
yron
20.
pound
.
The
weyghte
of
the
peece
.
4800.
more
or
lesse
,
their
lengthes
deuided
,
as
.
12.
or
.
13.
foote
long
,
and
shooteth
in
Pouder
.
20.
pound
Serpentine
,
the
length
of
the
Ladell
.
23.
ynches
,
the
breadth
of
the
Ladell
neere
tenne
ynches
.
&c.
The
ordinarie
whole
Culuering
,
the
heygth
of
the
mouth
of
the
peece
.
5.
ynches
a
quarter
,
the
heygth
of
the
shotte
,
5.
ynches
.
The
weyghte
of
the
shotte
of
yron
.
17.
pounde
.
The
weyghte
of
the
peece
aboute
.
4500.
more
or
lesse
,
the
length
of
the
peece
.
12.
foote
,
and
comporteth
in
Pouder
.
18.
pounde
Serpentine
,
the
length
of
the
Ladell
25.
ynches
,
the
breadth
.
9.
ynches
.
d.
&c.
Culuerings
,
not
so
high
as
ordinarie
,
the
heygth
of
the
mouth
of
the
peece
.
5.
ynches
,
the
heygth
of
the
shott
foure
ynches
three
quarters
,
the
weyghte
of
the
shot
.
15.
pounde
,
the
weyght
of
the
peece
more
or
lesse
.
4300.
the
length
of
the
peeces
diuers
,
some
the
ordinarie
length
,
some
otherwise
,
and
occupyeth
in
Pouder
.
16.
pound
,
or
theraboutes
Serpentine
,
the
length
of
the
Ladel
.
24.
ynches
,
the
breadth
9.
ynches
.
Demy
Culuerings
.
THe
elder
sort
of
Demy
Culuerings
,
the
heigth
of
the
mouth
of
the
peece
.
4.
ynches
three
quarters
,
the
heigth
of
the
shot
.
4.
ynches
½
,
the
weyghte
of
the
shotte
.
12.
lb.
d.
of
yron
,
the
weyght
of
the
peece
.
3200.
the
length
of
the
peece
.
12.
foote
more
or
lesse
,
and
their
charge
in
Pouder
12.
pound
Serpentine
,
the
length
of
the
Ladell
,
22.
ynches
,
their
breadth
.
8.
ynches
.
d.
&c.
The
ordinarie
Demy
Culuering
,
the
heygth
of
the
mouth
of
the
peece
.
4.
ynches
d.
the
heygth
of
the
shotte
4.
ynches
a
quarter
,
the
weyght
of
yron
shotte
.
10.
pound
,
three
quarters
,
the
weighte
of
the
peece
.
27.
hundred
or
thereaboutes
,
the
length
of
the
peece
.
10.
foote
more
or
lesse
,
and
will
comport
in
Pouder
.
11.
or
.
12.
pounde
Serpentine
,
the
length
of
the
Ladell
.
21.
ynches
a
quarter
,
the
breadth
.
8.
ynches
.
Demy
Culuerings
lower
than
ordinarie
,
the
heyght
of
the
mouth
of
the
peece
.
4.
ynches
a
quarter
,
the
heyghte
of
the
shott
.
4.
ynches
,
the
weyght
of
the
shotte
being
of
yron
is
neere
.
9.
pounde
,
the
weyght
of
the
peeces
.
22.
hundreth
more
or
lesse
,
the
length
of
the
peece
.
9.
or
.
10.
foote
more
or
lesse
,
and
their
charge
in
Pouder
.
10.
pound
or
.
10.
pound
d.
Serpentine
,
the
length
of
the
Ladell
.
20.
ynches
,
the
breadth
.
7.
ynches
,
three
quarters
.
&c.
Sakers
.
SAkers
of
the
oldest
sorte
,
the
heygth
of
the
mouth
of
the
peece
.
4.
ynches
,
the
heygth
of
the
shot
.
3.
ynches
three
quarters
,
the
weyght
of
the
yron
shotte
.
7.
pounde
a
quarter
,
the
weyght
of
the
peece
.
1800.
the
length
of
some
of
those
peeces
.
10.
foot
,
and
comporteth
in
Pouder
.
7.
pound
a
quarter
Serpentine
,
the
length
of
the
Ladell
.
17.
ynches
,
the
breadth
.
7.
ynches
a
quarter
.
Sakers
ordinarie
,
the
heyght
of
the
mouth
.
3.
ynches
three
quarters
,
the
heygth
of
the
shotte
.
3.
ynches
a
halfe
,
the
weyghte
of
the
shotte
of
yron
is
neere
.
6.
pounde
,
the
weyght
of
the
peece
.
1500.
the
length
of
the
peece
.
8.
foote
or
.
9.
foote
,
and
hir
charge
in
Pouder
is
.
6.
pound
,
or
thereaboute
of
Serpentine
Pouder
,
the
length
of
the
Ladel
is
.
15
inches
thre
quarters
,
the
breadth
.
6.
inches
.
3.
quarters
.
&c.
Sakers
lower
than
ordinarie
,
the
heigth
of
the
mouth
of
the
peece
.
3.
ynches
a
halfe
,
the
heygth
of
the
shotte
3.
ynches
a
quarter
,
the
weyghte
of
the
shotte
of
yron
.
4.
pounde
three
quarters
,
or
neere
.
5.
pound
,
the
weyghte
of
the
peece
.
1300-or
.
1400.
the
length
of
the
peece
,
8
,
foote
,
or
there
aboutes
,
and
comporteth
in
Pouder
.
5.
pounde
,
or
5.
pounded
.
Serpentine
,
the
length
of
the
Ladell
is
fifteene
ynches
,
the
breadth
sixe
ynches
and
a
halfe
.
Minyons
.
THe
Minyon
is
.
3.
ynches
and
a
quarter
high
,
in
the
mouth
,
the
shotte
is
three
ynches
hygh
,
the
weyghte
thereof
of
yron
,
is
three
pound
three
quarters
,
the
weighte
of
the
peece
,
neere
aboute
.
1000.
The
length
of
the
peece
eyght
foote
or
theraboutes
,
and
shooteth
in
Pouder
three
pounde
three
quarters
,
or
neere
foure
pound
Serpentine
,
the
length
of
the
Ladell
thirteene
ynches
d.
the
breadth
5.
ynches
and
a
halfe
,
some
foraine
peeces
lower
.
The
ordinarie
Minyon
,
the
mouth
three
ynches
high
,
the
shotte
but
two
ynches
three
quarters
,
and
weyeth
of
yron
neere
three
pound
,
the
weyght
of
the
peece
about
nine
hundred
,
the
length
of
the
ordinarie
Minion
,
&
shooteth
in
Pouder
three
pounde
or
thereaboute
,
the
length
of
the
Ladell
.
13.
ynches
,
the
breadth
.
5.
ynches
.
&c.
Faucons
.
THe
Faucon
,
the
heygth
of
the
mouth
of
the
peece
.
2.
ynches
three
quarters
,
the
heygth
of
the
shott
.
2.
and
a
halfe
,
the
weyght
of
the
yron
shotte
.
2.
and
half
a
quarter
of
a
pound
,
the
weyght
of
the
peece
seauen
hundred
,
or
seauen
hundred
and
fiftie
pound
,
the
length
of
the
peece
seauen
foote
more
or
lesse
,
and
occupieth
in
Pouder
two
pound
and
a
halfe
,
and
the
length
of
the
Ladell
is
twelue
ynches
and
a
halfe
,
the
breadth
of
the
plate
of
the
Ladell
is
.
4.
ynches
and
a
quarter
.
&c.
Some
foraine
Ordnaunces
not
so
high
as
the
Faucon
,
and
the
mouth
of
the
peece
.
2.
ynches
and
a
halfe
high
,
the
shotte
.
2.
ynches
and
a
quarter
high
,
and
weyeth
neere
one
pound
three
quarters
,
and
the
weyght
of
those
peeces
sixe
hundred
,
or
sixe
hundred
and
fiftie
pounde
,
the
length
is
as
the
Faucon
,
and
the
charge
is
in
Pouder
neere
two
pounde
,
the
Ladell
is
eleuen
ynches
and
a
quarter
,
the
breadth
foure
ynches
.
A
Fauconet
,
the
peece
is
.
2.
ynches
and
a
quarter
high
,
in
the
mouth
,
the
shotte
two
ynches
high
,
and
the
yron
shot
weyeth
one
pounde
,
and
neere
halfe
a
quarter
of
a
pound
,
and
the
weight
of
the
peece
is
aboute
.
360.
or
.
400
and
the
length
fiue
or
sixe
foote
,
and
the
charge
is
of
Serpentine
Pouder
,
one
pounde
and
a
quarter
,
the
Ladel
is
tenne
ynches
long
,
and
the
breadth
of
the
plate
of
the
Ladell
.
3.
ynches
three
quarters
.
And
thus
much
I
haue
said
as
touching
all
manner
of
peeces
that
shoote
yron
shotte
,
thinking
this
sufficient
for
instructions
.
&c.
CHAPTER
.
21.
How
many
shottes
of
Pouder
ther
is
in
a
last
of
Pouder
,
from
the
cannon
,
vnto
the
Fauconet
:
and
also
,
if
that
you
are
at
any
batterie
,
or
in
any
Towne
,
Castell
,
or
Shippe
,
how
to
know
how
much
Pouder
will
shoote
all
youre
Ordnannce
,
&c.
ANd
also
,
I
doe
think
it
necessary
for
all
sorts
of
Gunners
,
to
know
how
manye
shottes
of
pouder
they
may
haue
eyther
in
a
last
of
Pouder
,
as
also
in
a
hundred
pounde
,
of
Pouder
according
vnto
the
peeces
,
whereby
they
maye
readily
know
,
if
that
they
haue
any
charge
of
Ordnaunce
in
any
Towne
,
Castel
,
Forte
,
or
Shippes
,
that
they
maye
know
whether
that
they
haue
Pouder
to
lade
al
their
Ordnaunce
throughout
,
&
also
how
oftentimes
about
that
they
may
shoote
al
their
Ordnaunce
with
so
much
Pouder
.
And
al
so
it
is
very
necessary
,
if
that
there
be
any
Ordnaunce
placed
against
any
towne
or
fort
,
&
if
that
they
haue
anynūber
of
gret
Ordnaunce
,
as
Cannons
such
a
number
,
and
Demy
Cannons
such
a
number
,
to
the
intente
to
batter
downe
the
walles
thereof
:
and
then
it
is
very
necessary
to
know
how
much
Pouder
will
shoote
all
those
Ordnaunce
off
at
one
time
,
and
so
forth
,
if
that
they
would
continue
the
batterie
,
to
shoote
.
40.
or
50.
times
ouer
all
their
Ordnaunce
in
one
day
,
and
so
to
know
how
many
last
of
Pouder
that
the
batterie
will
require
to
continue
suche
a
number
of
dayes
:
wherefore
I
doe
thinke
it
conuenient
to
shew
vnto
you
what
a
last
of
Pouder
is
,
and
that
is
this
.
A
last
of
Pouder
is
24
hundred
weight
,
caske
and
all
,
and
euerye
hundred
weight
to
contayne
.
112.
pound
,
so
that
you
may
make
your
accompte
,
that
you
haue
24.
hundred
pounde
of
Pouder
in
euery
last
,
and
so
is
allowed
12
pound
in
euery
100.
weight
,
for
the
caske
,
which
is
in
al
allowed
for
the
caske
of
a
last
of
Powder
,
288.
pound
.
&c.
And
first
this
:
the
biggest
sortes
of
double
Cannons
doe
occupie
at
one
shotte
.
46.
pound
of
Sarpentine
Pouder
,
and
you
haue
.
2.
charges
in
.
100
of
pouder
,
and
eight
pounde
remayneth
ouer
,
so
that
you
haue
52.
shottes
of
Pouder
,
in
a
last
of
pouder
,
and
8.
pound
remayneth
ouer
.
And
if
that
it
be
such
a
double
Cannon
,
as
doth
occupie
but
40.
pound
of
Serpentine
Pouder
,
then
you
haue
2
shots
and
a
halfe
of
Pouder
in
euery
.
100.
weight
of
Pouder
,
that
is
iust
.
60.
shottes
in
a
last
of
Pouder
.
&c.
And
also
,
those
Demy
Cannons
that
doe
shoote
.
24.
pound
of
Serpentine
Pouder
at
one
shot
,
they
shall
haue
foure
shottes
in
a
hundred
weight
of
Pouder
,
and
foure
pound
remayneth
ouer
,
and
that
is
a
hundred
shottes
,
in
a
last
of
pouder
iust
&c.
And
also
those
Culuerings
that
doe
shoote
eyghtteene
pound
of
Sarpentine
Pouder
at
one
shotte
,
then
there
is
fiue
shootes
in
a
hundred
weighte
of
Pouder
,
and
then
there
remayneth
ouer
tenne
pound
,
so
that
there
is
a
hundred
thirty
three
shottes
in
a
Last
of
Pouder
,
&
sixe
pound
remaineth
ouer
.
And
furthermore
,
those
Demy
Culurings
that
doe
shoote
eleuen
pound
of
Serpintine
Pouder
at
one
shotte
,
then
there
is
nine
shottes
in
a
hundred
weight
of
Pouder
,
and
one
pound
remaineth
ouer
,
so
that
there
is
two
hundred
and
eighteene
shottes
in
a
last
of
Pouder
.
&c.
And
also
for
those
Sakers
that
doe
shoote
sixe
pounde
and
a
halfe
of
Serpentine
Pouder
at
a
shotte
,
then
there
is
fifteen
shottes
in
a
hundred
weight
,
&
two
or
three
pound
remaineth
,
so
that
there
is
.
369
shottes
in
a
last
of
pouder
.
And
furthermore
,
for
Minions
that
shoote
foure
pound
of
Pouder
at
one
shotte
,
then
there
is
.
25.
shottes
in
a
hundred
weyght
,
so
that
there
is
sixe
hundred
shottes
in
a
last
of
Pouder
.
And
also
those
Faucons
that
doe
shoote
two
pound
and
a
half
of
Pouder
at
a
shotte
,
then
there
is
forty
shottes
in
a
hundred
weight
,
so
that
there
is
,
960.
shottes
in
a
Last
of
Pouder
.
And
in
like
manner
those
Fauconets
that
doe
shoote
one
pound
and
a
quarter
of
Pouder
at
a
shot
,
then
there
is
.
80.
shottes
in
a
hundred
weight
,
so
that
there
is
.
192.
shottes
in
a
last
of
Pouder
.
And
thus
much
I
haue
saide
,
as
touching
how
many
shottes
of
Pouder
,
according
vnto
the
peeces
,
that
there
either
is
in
a
hundred
weight
of
Pouder
,
or
in
a
whole
last
of
Pouder
.
And
furthermore
,
if
you
desire
to
knowe
how
much
Pouder
would
shoote
off
all
the
Ordnaunce
,
either
in
a
Towne
,
Forte
,
or
Shippe
,
then
looke
how
many
peeces
there
is
of
euery
sorte
,
and
so
vntil
that
you
do
know
how
many
peeces
there
is
of
euery
seuerall
sortes
through
a
whole
Towne
,
or
Castell
,
or
Shyppe
,
and
then
looke
how
many
peeces
there
is
of
one
sorte
,
multiplie
the
number
of
those
peeces
by
the
weight
of
the
Pouder
,
that
one
of
those
peeces
doth
shoote
at
one
shotte
,
and
that
will
shewe
vnto
you
how
many
pounde
of
Pouder
will
serue
all
one
sorte
of
peeces
,
and
by
this
order
multiply
euery
seuerall
sorts
of
peeces
by
themselues
,
&
then
adde
al
your
numbers
togither
.
&
that
shall
shew
vnto
you
how
much
Pouder
wil
shoote
al
your
Ordnaunce
off
at
one
time
.
As
for
example
this
.
Ther
is
a
towne
,
that
hath
3.
double
Canons
&
.
6.
Demy
Canons
,
and.
14.
double
Culuerings
,
&
.
10.
Demy
Culuerings
,
&
.
30.
Sakers
,
and.
25.
Minions
,
&
.
28.
Faucons
,
&
.
12.
Fauconets
,
and.
36.
Foulers
,
&
my
desire
is
to
know
how
much
Pouder
will
serue
all
these
peeces
:
therfore
first
,
the.
3.
double
Canons
,
&
they
do
shoote
40.
lb.
of
Pouder
,
and.
3.
times
.
40.
is
.
102.
&
then
the
Demy
Canons
do
shoote
.
24.
lb.
of
Pouder
,
&
.
6.
times
.
24.
maketh
.
144.
lb.
of
Pouder
,
and
then
the.
14.
double
Culuerings
&
they
do
shoote
.
18.
lb.
of
Pouder
,
and.
14.
times
18.
maketh
.
252.
&
then
the.
10.
Demy
Culuerings
&
they
shoote
.
11.
lb.
of
Pouder
,
and.
20.
times
.
11.
maketh
.
220.
&
now
the.
30.
Sakers
and
they
do
shoote
.
6.
lb.
and
a
halfe
of
Pouder
,
and.
30.
times
.
6½
is
.
195.
and
then
the
25.
Minions
,
&
they
do
shoote
.
4.
lb.
of
Pouder
.
and
25.
times
.
4.
maketh
.
100.
and
then
the.
28.
Faucons
,
and
they
do
shoot
2.
lb.
and
a
halfe
of
Pouder
,
and.
28.
times
.
2½
doth
make
70.
and
then
the.
12.
Fauconets
&
they
do
shoote
.
1.
lb.
and
a
quarter
,
and.
12.
times
.
1.
¼
doth
make
.
15.
and
now
the
36.
Foulers
&
they
do
shoote
.
2.
lb.
½
of
Pouder
,
and.
36.
times
.
2.
½
maketh
.
90.
&
now
this
being
done
,
then
adde
al
your
numbers
together
,
as
this
.
Names
of
peeces
.
|
Peeces
number
.
|
Pouder
in
pounds
.
|
Cannons
.
|
3
|
120.
pound
.
|
Demy
Cannons
.
|
6
|
144.
pound
.
|
Culuerings
.
|
14
|
252.
pound
.
|
Demy
Culuer
.
|
25
|
220.
pound
.
|
Sakers
.
|
30
|
195.
pound
.
|
Minions
.
|
20
|
100.
pound
.
|
Faucous
.
|
28
|
70.
pound
.
|
Fauconets
.
|
12
|
15.
pound
.
|
Foulers
.
|
36
|
90.
pound
.
|
Summe
totall
.
|
174
|
1206.
pound
.
|
And
now
by
this
you
may
conclude
,
that
all
this
Ordnaunce
doth
shoote
at
one
time
,
to
shote
them
off
round
once
ouer
doth
require
.
1206.
lb.
of
pouder
,
&
by
this
order
you
may
know
at
al
times
,
whether
you
are
in
any
town
,
fort
,
Castell
,
or
Ship
,
how
much
pouder
wil
serue
al
the
Ordnaunce
at
your
pleasure
.
And
furthermore
,
if
so
be
you
haue
such
a
quantity
of
Pouder
,
and
if
you
would
know
howe
oftentimes
it
would
shoote
all
your
Ordnaunce
,
rounde
aboutes
,
then
you
knowing
how
much
pouder
will
shoote
all
your
Ordnaunce
once
,
and
as
by
the
order
before
is
repeated
,
then
deuide
your
whole
summe
of
Pouder
by
that
number
of
the
weight
of
the
pouder
that
all
your
Ordnaunce
requireth
,
&
that
summe
that
standeth
in
the
quantity
line
,
shal
shew
you
how
oftentimes
it
wil
shoote
all
your
Ordnaunce
off
:
As
for
example
,
by
the
Ordnaunce
in
a
towne
(
as
before
is
rehearsed
)
and
suppose
you
haue
.
20.
Last
of
Pouder
,
and
now
to
know
how
oftentimes
it
will
shoote
all
your
Ordnaunce
off
round
about
thorough
the
whole
Towne
,
as
you
did
see
that
al
the
Ordnaunce
did
require
1206.
lb.
of
Pouder
,
&
one
Last
of
Pouder
is
2400.
lb.
them
20.
Last
maketh
.
48000.
lb.
wherfore
deuide
.
48000.
by
1206.
and
then
there
will
stande
in
the
quantity
line
.
39.
and.
966.
lb.
will
remayne
ouer
,
so
you
may
conclude
,
that
twenty
Last
of
Pouder
will
shoote
all
the
Ordnaunce
before
rehearsed
.
39
tymes
ouer
,
and
three
quarters
of
them
more
,
that
is
to
saye
,
that
it
will
shoote
all
the
Ordnaunce
off
fortie
times
,
lacking
almost
a
quarter
of
them
.
&c.
And
also
,
if
there
were
any
batterie
layde
againste
a
Towne
,
and
then
if
that
you
doe
knowe
howe
many
Cannons
or
other
peeces
of
Ordnaunce
there
is
in
the
batterie
,
then
you
maye
knowe
(
as
before
is
rehearsed
)
howe
muche
Pouder
that
they
wyll
occupye
at
once
shooting
them
off
,
and
also
if
that
you
wyll
shoote
them
off
rounde
fortye
or
fyftye
tymes
in
one
day
,
then
you
may
knowe
howe
much
Pouder
they
will
spende
in
one
day
:
as
this
first
(
as
before
is
rehearsed
.
)
Multiply
all
the
Ordnaunce
of
one
sorte
togyther
,
by
the
weight
of
the
shotte
of
Pouder
,
and
so
the
other
sorts
of
Ordnaunce
,
and
adde
them
togyther
(
as
afore
is
said
)
and
that
beeing
knowen
,
then
multiplie
that
by
the
number
of
times
that
you
haue
shotte
them
off
,
and
that
shall
shewe
vnto
you
the
number
of
poundes
that
the
Ordnaunce
hath
occupyed
in
that
day
:
as
for
example
this
:
Suppose
that
there
is
in
a
battery
against
a
Towne
.
24
double
Cannons
,
and
they
doe
shoote
.
40.
pounde
of
Pouder
a
peece
,
therefore
multiplie
.
24.
times
40.
and
of
that
multiplication
,
there
commeth
960.
and
then
there
is
eightteene
Demy
Cannons
,
and
they
doe
shoote
.
24.
pounde
of
Pouder
a
peece
,
and
therefore
multiply
eyghteene
times
.
24.
and
that
maketh
.
432.
pound
,
and
then
adde
both
the
numbers
togyther
,
that
is
to
say
.
960.
and.
432.
&
they
wil
make
1392.
so
that
you
may
see
,
that
the
whole
battery
dothe
spende
1392.
of
Pouder
at
once
shooting
thereof
against
the
wall
of
the
Towne
:
and
then
suppose
,
that
in
a
day
the
Ordnaunce
hath
beene
shot
off
sixe
andfortie
times
,
then
how
much
Pouder
shall
be
spent
that
day
,
then
multiplying
1392.
by
sixe
and
fortie
,
and
that
will
mak
64032.
so
that
you
may
conclude
that
the
whole
batterie
hath
spent
in
one
day
,
64032
pound
of
Pouder
,
and
that
will
be
sixe
and
twentie
last
and
a
halfe
,
and
432.
pounde
of
Pouder
,
and
then
if
that
the
batterie
shoulde
continue
seauen
dayes
in
that
order
,
the
whole
summe
in
Pouder
that
shoulde
be
spent
,
amounteth
vnto
448224.
pound
,
and
that
maketh
186.
Lasts
,
three
quarters
,
and
24.
pound
:
therefore
by
this
order
you
may
know
from
time
to
time
,
how
much
Pouder
is
spent
at
your
pleasure
,
whether
that
it
be
in
a
batterie
or
in
a
Towne
,
&
also
how
much
Pouder
will
shoote
such
a
number
of
Ordnaunce
so
many
times
off
at
your
pleasure
.
And
thus
much
I
haue
thought
good
to
write
vnto
you
for
instructions
.
&c.
CHAPTER
.
22
How
to
knowe
how
many
shotte
doth
wey
a
Tunne
.
ANd
now
in
so
much
as
I
haue
shewed
in
the
Chapter
going
before
,
to
know
how
much
Pouder
is
occupied
in
Ordnance
:
so
in
like
manner
,
I
doe
thinke
it
conuenient
to
shew
vnto
you
how
many
shots
of
euery
seuerall
sortes
will
wey
a
Tun
weight
,
which
is
very
necessary
to
be
knowen
,
as
wel
for
them
that
haue
occasion
to
transport
them
either
by
Sea
or
by
land
.
And
first
this
,
a
Tunne
weight
is
20.
hundred
,
and
euery
hundred
for
to
conteyne
an
hundred
and
twelue
pound
,
so
that
a
Tun
is
2240.
pounde
in
weight
:
and
first
,
the
double
Cannons
shotte
,
and
those
that
doe
wey
64.
pound
,
and
then
35.
shots
doth
wey
a
Tun
:
and
then
the
Demy
Cannons
shots
,
and
those
that
doe
wey
34.
pound
a
peece
,
and
then
62.
or
63.
of
those
shots
do
wey
a
Tun
:
and
the
Culuering
shot
of
seauentene
pound
a
peece
,
and
then
131.
or
132.
wil
wey
a
Tun
:
&
also
the
Demy
Culuerings
,
and
those
shots
that
do
wey
tenne
pound
a
peece
,
and
then
there
is
224.
in
a
Tun.
And
furthermore
,
those
Sakers
,
that
the
shot
doth
wey
sixe
pound
,
and
there
doth
go
.
373.
or
374.
vnto
a
Tun
:
and
in
like
manner
the
Minions
,
and
commonly
their
shottes
doe
wey
three
pounde
three
quarters
,
and
597.
or
598.
shots
will
wey
a
Tunne
.
The
Faucons
shots
doth
wey
two
pound
&
halfe
a
quarter
,
and
1054.
or
1055.
doth
wey
a
Tunne
:
&
the
Fauconet
shot
weyeth
one
pound
,
and
neere
halfe
a
quarter
of
a
pound
,
and.
1991.
or
1992.
doth
wey
a
Tunne
,
And
thus
much
I
haue
saide
,
as
concerning
how
many
shottes
of
euery
seueral
sortes
doth
wey
a
Tun
weighte
,
but
if
that
you
haue
a
great
number
of
shottes
of
seuerall
sortes
,
and
you
do
desire
for
to
know
how
many
Tunnes
there
is
in
all
of
them
,
multiply
euery
seuerall
sorte
by
themselues
,
according
vnto
the
weight
,
and
so
adding
all
the
numbers
togither
,
and
then
deuide
that
number
by
2240.
and
it
will
shewe
vnto
you
howe
many
Tunnes
there
is
in
the
whole
summe
.
As
for
example
this
,
there
is
such
a
number
of
shottes
to
be
transported
,
either
by
Sea
,
or
by
land
,
and
you
woulde
knowe
howe
many
that
there
is
of
them
,
as
first
,
that
there
is
a
thousand
Cannon
shottes
,
and
a
thousande
two
hundred
Demy
Cannon
shotte
,
and
two
thousand
Culuering
shotte
,
and
three
thousand
Demy
Culuering
shotte
,
and
three
thousande
fiue
hundred
Saker
shotte
,
and
foure
thousand
Minion
shotte
,
and
fiue
thousande
Faucon
shotte
,
and
sixe
thousande
Fauconet
shotte
,
and
nowe
for
to
knowe
their
weighte
,
and
first
for
the
Cannon
shotte
,
and
those
that
be
seauen
ynches
three
quarters
high
,
and
those
doth
wey
64.
pound
a
peece
,
and
then
being
a
thousande
shotte
,
then
therefore
multiplye
a
thousand
times
64.
and
that
maketh
64000.
and
then
there
being
1200.
Demy
Cannons
shotte
,
that
are
sixe
ynches
a
quarter
high
,
and
those
doe
wey
foure
and
thirtie
pound
a
peece
,
and
therefore
multiplie
1200.
times
34.
and
that
maketh
40800.
and
then
there
is
2000.
Culuerings
shotte
,
of
fiue
ynches
almost
in
heigth
,
and
they
do
wey
17.
pound
a
peece
,
and
then
multiply
two
thousand
times
seauenteene
,
and
that
maketh
34000.
and
then
there
is
three
thousand
Demy
Culuering
shotte
,
of
neere
foure
ynches
and
a
quarter
in
height
,
and
they
doe
wey
tenne
pound
a
peece
,
therefore
multiply
three
thousande
times
tenne
,
and
that
maketh
30000.
and
then
there
is
3500.
Saker
shotte
,
that
is
three
ynches
and
a
halfe
high
,
and
that
weyeth
,
6.
lb.
and
therefore
multiply
.
3500.
times
6.
&
of
that
there
commeth
21000.
&
then
there
is
.
4000.
Minion
shot
,
of
iust
3.
ynches
high
,
and
they
doe
wey
3.
lb.
3.
quarters
a
peece
,
and
therfore
multiply
.
4000.
by
3¾
&
that
wil
make
15000.
&
then
there
is
.
5000.
Faucon
shot
,
and
they
be
2.
ynches
and
a
halfe
high
,
and
doth
wey
.
2.
lb.
and
halfe
a
quarter
:
therefore
multiply
5000
by
2⅛
and
that
will
be
10625.
&
then
there
is
6000.
Fauconet
shot
,
of
2.
ynches
high
,
and
they
do
wey
one
pound
,
and
halfe
a
quarter
,
&
that
commeth
in
weight
6750.
and
now
adde
al
your
numbers
togither
,
as
by
this
example
following
.
Names
of
peeces
|
Number
of
shots
.
|
Weight
in
poundes
.
|
Tunnes
,
|
Cannons
.
|
1000
|
64000
|
28
4/7
|
Demy
Cannons
:
|
1200
|
40800
|
18
3/14
|
Culuerings
.
|
2000
|
34000
|
15
5/28
|
Demy
Culuerings
.
|
3000
|
30000
|
13
1●/28
|
Sakers
.
|
3500
|
21000
|
9
21/56
|
Minions
.
|
4000
|
15000
|
6
39/56
|
Faucons
.
|
5000
|
10625
|
4
●33/448
|
Faconet
.
|
6000
|
6750
|
3
1/224
|
Summe
totall
.
|
25700
|
222175
|
99
83/448
|
And
now
,
al
those
numbers
being
added
togither
,
doth
make
222175.
pound
in
weight
.
And
now
to
know
how
many
Tunnes
there
is
in
al
them
,
deuide
the
222175.
by
2240.
and
that
being
done
,
then
there
will
stande
in
the
quantitie
line
.
99.
and
415.
will
remayne
ouer
,
so
that
you
may
conclude
,
that
of
all
the
shotte
there
is
99.
Tunnes
,
and
415.
lb.
that
is
neer
⅕
parte
of
a
Tunne
more
,
so
that
there
lacketh
little
more
then
three
quarters
of
a
Tunne
of
100.
Tunnes
,
and
by
this
order
or
meanes
,
you
maye
knowe
how
many
Tunnes
of
shot
there
is
in
any
number
of
shottes
.
&c.
CHAPTER
.
23.
How
and
by
what
order
the
shot
doth
graze
or
glaunce
vpon
the
lande
,
or
water
.
FOr
to
know
by
what
order
that
the
shot
doth
graze
or
trondle
either
vppon
the
land
,
or
the
water
,
it
is
to
be
noted
,
that
it
dothe
graze
or
trondle
farthest
,
when
that
the
peece
is
laid
point
blanke
,
if
that
you
do
shoote
the
peece
towards
the
water
,
or
aplaine
or
leuell
ground
,
and
then
the
shotte
shall
runne
or
graze
neere
three
quarters
of
the
beste
compasse
of
the
Randare
,
so
that
the
shotte
bee
not
lette
by
anye
chance
by
the
way
:
and
there
is
on
great
diuersitie
in
distance
of
the
grazing
or
running
of
the
shotte
,
betweene
the
land
and
the
water
,
so
that
the
ground
be
a
playne
and
leuel
ground
,
and
the
water
or
Sea
to
be
smooth
.
And
here
is
one
thing
to
be
noted
,
as
touching
the
grazing
of
the
shotte
,
whether
it
be
vpon
the
water
or
the
land
,
looke
by
what
proportion
the
shotte
doth
strike
or
hitte
the
ground
or
water
,
by
that
proportion
the
shotte
shall
rise
againe
,
although
that
it
flyeth
not
so
farre
in
that
proportion
,
as
long
as
the
shotte
hath
force
or
drifte
in
his
flying
,
that
is
to
say
,
if
the
shott
do
strike
or
hitte
any
thing
glauncingly
that
then
it
shall
glance
in
that
proportion
from
youwardes
,
and
if
do
strike
or
hitte
anye
thing
directly
,
then
it
shall
be
driuen
directly
backe
agayne
,
if
it
doe
not
enter
or
sticke
fast
in
the
thing
that
it
hitteth
,
euen
like
the
shadowe
of
the
Sunne
,
or
anye
other
thing
in
the
water
or
glasse
,
or
such
other
like
.
As
for
example
this
.
If
you
shoote
anye
peece
of
Ordnaunce
towardes
the
water
,
and
lay
the
peece
at
the
poynte
blanke
,
and
the
peece
be
but
little
higher
than
the
water
,
then
shall
the
shotte
runne
grazing
in
this
forme
,
to
rise
againe
by
that
proportion
that
it
doth
hitte
the
water
,
and
so
to
runne
,
till
that
the
great
force
be
decayed
,
as
this
example
doth
shew
.
And
furthermore
,
if
you
doe
mount
the
peece
at
much
aduantage
,
then
it
will
not
graze
at
all
,
if
it
do
graze
,
then
it
will
be
made
in
this
manner
.
And
furthermore
,
if
you
doe
shoote
at
any
Shippe
vpon
the
water
,
and
you
do
shoote
in
that
peece
that
do
lye
very
high
,
and
the
shippe
or
marke
neere
hand
,
so
that
you
must
giue
your
leuell
downewards
,
then
if
you
doe
giue
your
leuell
shorte
of
the
shippe
,
the
shot
will
flye
ouer
the
Shippe
,
by
the
meanes
of
the
direct
hitting
of
the
water
,
for
that
the
shot
doth
glaunce
from
the
water
,
by
that
proportion
that
it
doth
hitte
the
water
,
as
by
this
example
.
So
that
you
may
iudge
by
this
example
,
by
what
proportion
the
shotte
doth
graze
,
either
vppon
the
water
or
the
lande
:
but
the
water
is
the
more
certayner
and
truer
if
it
bee
smooth
and
calme
,
for
that
the
water
is
not
harder
in
one
place
,
than
it
is
in
another
,
as
the
ground
is
or
may
bee
,
and
the
directer
that
it
hitteth
,
eyther
the
ground
or
the
water
,
the
more
it
doth
kill
the
force
of
the
shotte
,
and
by
this
meanes
it
will
flye
the
lesser
way
:
and
the
more
glauncingly
that
it
doth
hitte
eyther
the
ground
or
the
water
,
the
oftner
it
it
doth
glaunce
or
graze
,
and
the
further
it
flieth
.
&c.
CHAPTER
.
24.
Howe
to
batter
the
walles
of
any
Towne
as
well
by
night
as
by
day
ALthough
it
hath
not
beene
commonly
vsed
,
yet
notwithstanding
it
may
be
easily
done
,
for
to
plant
their
Ordnance
so
,
that
they
may
batter
or
beat
down
the
walles
of
a
Towne
as
well
by
night
as
by
day
,
although
the
night
be
neuer
so
darke
.
And
also
there
shal
no
light
appeare
vnto
the
enimie
,
as
thus
.
First
after
that
your
Ordnaunce
is
placed
for
your
batterie
,
and
you
haue
begunne
to
batter
,
&
then
the
peeces
being
made
ready
for
to
shoote
at
the
wall
or
place
that
you
do
mean
to
shoote
at
,
and
that
you
would
continue
for
to
shoote
at
the
place
all
the
night
,
then
take
a
plommet
of
leade
vpon
a
line
or
string
,
the
peece
being
right
vpon
the
marke
that
you
do
meane
to
shoote
at
,
then
with
a
plommet
and
the
line
,
first
plome
the
middle
of
the
mouth
of
the
peece
downe
to
the
grounde
,
and
looke
where
the
leade
falleth
to
the
ground
,
there
make
a
mark
vpon
the
ground
,
and
then
in
like
manner
plome
the
very
middle
of
the
taile
of
the
breeche
of
the
peece
vnto
the
grounde
,
and
there
make
a
mark
also
vpon
the
ground
,
and
then
draw
a
right
line
from
the
one
place
vnto
the
other
,
as
long
as
you
list
,
&
then
that
right
line
wil
lye
right
vpon
the
mark
,
them
take
a
large
great
Quadrant
,
set
out
with
degrees
,
&
parts
of
degrees
,
&
the
Quadrant
,
for
to
haue
a
rule
fastned
vnto
it
,
and
then
the
peece
being
laid
ready
for
to
shoote
at
the
marke
,
hauing
the
true
height
of
the
marke
,
that
is
to
say
,
that
the
hollow
or
concauitie
of
the
peece
doe
lye
right
vpon
the
marke
,
neither
higher
nor
lower
:
then
put
the
rule
into
the
mouth
of
the
peece
,
and
looke
at
what
degree
or
place
that
the
plummet
line
dothe
hang
vppon
,
then
note
that
in
some
Booke
or
paper
,
and
then
when
that
the
night
is
come
,
and
that
you
doe
meane
to
shoote
as
well
by
night
as
by
day
,
then
first
with
your
plommet
of
leade
vppon
a
line
,
then
plome
the
mouth
of
the
peece
right
vppon
the
line
that
is
vnder
the
peece
,
and
that
will
laye
the
peece
right
vppon
the
marke
,
and
then
in
like
manner
take
the
Quadrante
,
and
putte
the
rule
into
the
mouth
of
the
peece
,
and
then
koyne
the
peece
vppe
and
downe
till
that
the
plommet
line
doth
fall
vppon
that
degree
and
place
that
it
did
before
,
and
then
that
in
like
manner
will
giue
the
peece
the
true
heigth
of
the
marke
without
any
fayle
.
And
for
the
see
whether
that
the
plommette
line
doth
hang
vppon
the
degree
or
place
that
it
did
before
,
and
also
to
knowe
by
the
line
and
the
plommette
with
the
lyne
vppon
the
grounde
vnder
the
peece
,
for
to
laye
the
peece
ryghte
vppon
the
marke
,
there
muste
bee
prepared
a
close
Boxe
lyke
a
Lan-Lanterne
,
made
with
boordes
,
with
a
dore
or
a
lidde
for
to
open
and
shutte
,
to
the
intente
to
see
how
the
plommet
doth
hang
,
and
so
forthe
,
as
for
example
,
supposing
that
at
the
seege
of
a
Towne
,
the
Ordnaunce
being
placed
,
and
had
battred
al
the
day
,
&
to
continue
that
they
shoulde
not
make
vp
their
breach
in
the
nighte
,
and
furthermore
,
that
the
breach
shoulde
be
made
wyder
in
the
morning
,
then
they
wente
vnto
the
middle
batterie
called
the
persers
,
and
there
tooke
a
plommet
of
leade
and
a
lyne
,
the
peeces
beeing
all
charged
and
leuelled
vnto
the
breache
and
markes
appoynted
,
and
firste
,
the
plommet
at
the
middle
of
the
mouth
of
the
peece
,
and
then
righte
vnder
the
plommet
,
they
do
driue
in
an
yron
pinne
,
and
then
in
like
manner
at
the
tayle
of
the
peece
,
they
plome
the
peece
,
and
righte
vnder
the
plommet
they
driue
another
pinne
into
the
ground
,
and
for
that
they
could
not
draw
a
perfite
line
,
they
made
a
line
or
string
fast
,
longer
than
the
length
of
the
distance
of
the
two
pinnes
by
two
yardes
,
and
the
line
or
threed
did
come
righte
ouer
the
head
of
those
two
pinnes
,
and
so
passed
a
yard
further
at
both
the
ends
,
than
the
two
pinnes
:
&
thus
they
did
lay
euery
peece
at
that
plate
,
and
then
the
peeces
lying
still
,
ready
to
haue
fire
giuen
vnto
them
,
then
they
take
their
Quadrant
,
beeing
very
large
,
of
two
foote
in
the
semy
Dyametre
,
that
is
to
say
,
from
the
Senter
of
the
circle
,
end
euery
degree
was
set
out
in
foure
partes
,
and
put
the
rule
into
the
mouth
of
the
peece
,
and
the
plommet
line
did
hang
at
one
degree
and
a
quarter
iust
,
and
that
they
did
note
in
a
booke
for
remembrance
,
and
this
being
done
,
they
shotte
off
theyr
peeces
.
And
now
when
that
the
nighte
was
come
,
and
the
same
very
darke
,
and
the
mornyng
very
foggy
,
or
that
they
could
not
see
the
walles
of
the
Towne
,
yet
they
battered
the
walles
of
the
Towne
as
perfitely
all
the
night
,
and
as
well
as
though
it
had
bin
by
day
,
for
euery
time
that
they
had
charged
all
their
peeces
,
they
did
this
,
first
,
they
did
plome
the
mouth
of
the
peece
,
and
likewise
at
the
taile
of
the
peece
,
right
vppon
the
line
that
was
vnder
the
peece
,
right
vpon
the
mark
,
and
then
they
toke
their
Quadrant
,
and
put
their
rule
into
the
mouth
of
the
peece
,
them
koined
the
tayle
of
the
peece
vp
and
downe
,
till
that
the
plummet
line
did
fall
vpon
that
degree
and
place
that
it
did
before
the
nighte
,
and
that
was
at
one
degree
and
a
quarter
iust
:
and
thus
when
they
had
laid
all
their
peeces
,
then
they
shotte
them
off
,
and
charged
them
agayne
,
and
so
contiūed
all
the
night
long
.
And
so
in
this
manner
,
they
may
in
like
case
handle
the
two
side
batteries
,
but
and
if
that
it
chance
that
the
battering
peeces
doe
lie
vppon
hygher
ground
than
the
place
that
is
battered
,
then
the
rule
that
is
fastned
,
must
be
vnto
that
place
wheras
the
plommet
is
made
fast
vnto
,
for
that
the
degrees
goeth
downewards
towardes
the
lower
ground
as
you
may
see
by
these
two
figures
.
CHAPTER
.
25.
How
to
plant
Ordnaunce
by
night
,
to
batter
the
walles
of
any
Towne
,
or
displace
any
Ordnaunce
in
any
Bulwarkes
,
or
any
such
other
like
,
as
well
by
night
as
by
day
.
YEt
furthermore
,
there
maye
be
meanes
founde
,
that
if
there
be
any
Ordnaunce
placed
that
doth
damage
or
hurte
you
,
and
that
you
maye
not
come
at
it
by
no
meanes
in
the
daye
for
to
displace
their
Ordnaunce
,
but
vnto
your
greate
hurt
and
losse
,
both
of
men
and
Ordnaunce
,
yet
you
may
displace
them
by
nighte
neere
as
well
as
by
day
,
both
for
to
place
youre
Ordnaunce
in
the
night
,
and
also
for
to
shoote
perfitly
vnto
the
place
in
the
night
,
although
the
nighte
bee
neuer
so
darke
:
and
then
if
that
you
doe
see
cause
,
when
that
you
haue
beaten
or
displaced
theyr
Ordnaunce
,
you
maye
carye
awaye
youre
Ordnaunce
before
it
is
daye
,
as
thus
.
First
prepare
an
Astrolobe
,
the
larger
the
better
,
and
then
two
stakes
or
pinnes
of
yron
like
to
a
foote
long
,
or
there
aboutes
,
according
vnto
your
discretion
,
and
also
a
sledge
or
beetle
,
to
driue
those
stakes
or
pinnes
into
the
grounde
,
and
then
viewing
the
grounde
meete
for
the
purpose
a
reasonable
distance
from
the
place
that
you
doe
meane
to
beate
in
the
nighte
,
goe
into
that
place
in
the
daye
tyme
,
and
firste
where
you
doe
meane
for
to
lay
your
Ordnaunce
,
there
dryue
in
one
of
youre
stakes
,
and
then
in
lyke
manner
goe
backawardes
about
twentye
foote
,
and
stande
so
,
that
you
maye
see
the
marke
that
you
doe
meane
to
shoote
at
ouer
the
toppe
of
the
sticke
that
you
haue
dryuen
,
and
then
there
in
that
very
place
dryue
your
other
stake
,
and
then
goe
a
little
backewardes
more
,
and
viewe
whether
that
the
two
stakes
stand
as
one
right
line
vnto
the
marke
,
and
if
that
they
doe
not
,
you
maye
amende
them
,
and
sette
them
ryghte
,
then
take
youre
Astrolobe
,
and
holde
that
vppon
youre
thombe
by
the
ringe
,
and
then
turne
youre
Athilleyday
or
Rule
wyth
the
two
sightes
that
is
on
the
backe
side
of
the
Astrolobe
vppe
and
downe
,
tyll
that
you
maye
see
that
place
that
you
doe
meane
to
shoote
at
,
thorough
the
two
syghtes
of
the
Athilleyday
holdyng
that
vppe
before
youre
eyes
,
winking
wyth
one
of
youre
eyes
,
standing
at
that
place
where
you
doe
meane
for
to
place
youre
Ordnaunce
that
is
betweene
the
two
stakes
,
then
looke
vppon
the
Athilleyday
or
Rule
wyth
the
two
sightes
,
at
what
degree
and
place
that
the
ende
doth
pointe
vnto
,
then
remēmber
to
write
that
degree
,
and
place
it
in
some
Booke
or
Table
,
for
that
it
is
finished
:
then
in
the
nyghte
you
may
bring
your
Ordnaunce
vnto
that
place
between
the
two
stakes
,
and
then
place
one
of
your
peeces
righte
betweene
the
two
stakes
,
and
then
take
a
threed
or
line
,
and
make
that
fast
vnto
the
two
stakes
,
and
that
shall
lay
the
peece
right
vpon
the
marke
.
And
then
for
to
place
the
rest
,
they
must
doe
this
.
First
on
the
one
side
measure
out
iust
how
many
foote
you
doe
meane
to
lay
your
peeces
in
distance
asunder
,
then
from
the
line
of
the
stake
,
measure
it
truly
,
and
there
make
a
marke
,
or
driue
a
stake
:
and
then
at
the
other
end
,
at
that
certayne
distance
,
there
in
like
manner
driue
another
stake
:
then
betweene
those
two
stakes
place
another
peece
,
and
then
make
a
line
fast
vnto
those
two
stakes
,
and
that
in
like
maner
shal
lay
the
peece
right
vppon
the
marke
,
and
then
you
may
place
another
peece
vppon
the
other
side
of
the
peece
,
and
so
forth
.
And
then
when
your
Ordnaunce
is
all
charged
,
then
plome
the
middle
of
the
mouth
of
the
peece
right
vpon
the
line
,
vnderneth
the
peece
,
and
then
in
like
manner
,
the
middle
of
the
taile
of
the
peece
to
be
plomed
,
that
it
stand
right
ouer
the
line
,
vnderneath
the
peece
,
and
then
take
your
Quadrant
with
the
rule
fastned
vnto
it
,
and
put
the
rule
into
the
mouth
of
the
peece
,
and
then
koyne
the
peece
vp
and
downe
,
till
the
plommet
line
do
fall
vpon
that
degree
and
place
that
the
Athilley
day
did
pointe
vnto
vppon
,
the
Astrolobe
,
and
that
shall
giue
the
peece
the
true
height
of
the
marke
.
As
for
example
,
suppose
this
after
the
breach
in
the
wall
of
the
Towne
was
made
sautable
,
there
the
flanckes
lay
so
,
that
they
coulde
not
come
neere
vnto
the
breache
,
neyther
could
they
plant
their
Ordnaunce
for
to
displace
those
flanckes
,
but
that
they
shoulde
bee
beaten
from
their
Ordnaunce
to
their
great
losse
and
hinderance
,
therefore
firste
they
prepared
an
Astrolobe
of
the
largest
sort
,
&
two
pinnes
of
yron
made
sharp
at
the
endes
,
to
goe
into
the
ground
,
and
then
they
caused
an
assaulte
to
be
giuen
vnto
the
contrary
side
of
the
towne
,
and
whilest
they
helde
them
play
there
,
then
two
or
three
chose
out
thyr
ground
meete
for
their
purpose
,
and
ther
droue
one
pinne
,
and
then
they
went
backe
twenty
foote
,
and
right
against
that
pinne
they
droue
another
pinne
so
euen
,
that
the
two
pinnes
,
and
the
place
of
the
bulwarke
where
the
flankers
lay
,
were
all
there
vpon
one
right
line
:
and
then
one
of
them
tooke
the
Astrolobe
,
hanging
it
perpendicularly
vpright
,
then
they
turned
the
Athilley
day
vp
and
downe
,
till
hee
mighte
see
thorough
both
the
sightes
,
the
very
place
that
the
flanckers
lay
,
and
then
they
departed
,
and
wente
their
way
,
and
looked
vpon
what
degree
the
poynte
of
the
Athilley
day
stoode
vpon
,
and
found
it
to
be
vpon
iust
two
degrees
and
a
halfe
,
and
that
they
wrote
in
a
booke
for
remembrance
,
and
then
after
a
night
or
two
,
when
they
saw
their
time
,
the
nighte
being
very
darke
,
then
they
carried
three
peeces
of
artillerie
,
and
placed
the
chiefest
betweene
the
two
pinnes
,
and
vnto
those
two
pinnes
they
made
a
line
fast
vnto
them
both
close
vnto
the
ground
,
and
then
they
placed
vpon
the
one
side
,
one
of
the
peeces
,
and
the
other
peece
vpon
the
other
side
,
as
this
.
First
they
measured
out
tenne
foote
from
the
formoste
pinne
iust
vpon
the
one
side
,
making
a
perfit
square
angle
,
and
then
in
like
maner
they
measured
out
.
10.
fote
more
at
the
hindermost
pinne
,
so
that
those
two
pinnes
stode
iust
.
20.
fote
asunder
,
&
so
placed
the
peece
betweene
those
two
pinnes
:
&
nowe
for
that
they
must
shoote
all
three
peeces
vnto
one
place
where
the
flankers
lay
,
&
for
that
the
peeces
did
lye
.
10
,
foot
asunder
,
therefore
they
remoued
the
hindermost
pinnes
of
both
the
sides
.
4.
inches
,
so
that
there
was
.
10.
fote
distance
,
&
4.
inches
,
&
the
cause
was
this
,
for
that
the
marke
was
.
10.
skore
off
from
the
place
where
the
peeces
lay
,
and
the
peeces
lay
iust
from
the
middle
,
vnto
the
middel
,
tenne
foote
asunder
,
and
the
line
vnderneath
the
peece
,
was
iust
twentie
foote
long
,
and
there
is
thirtie
tymes
the
length
of
the
lyne
vnderneath
the
peece
vnto
the
marke
,
and
thirtye
inches
maketh
two
foot
and
a
halfe
,
and
foure
times
two
foote
and
a
halfe
,
maketh
tenne
foote
,
so
that
the
hyndermost
pinne
beyng
remoued
foure
ynches
further
off
,
must
needes
lay
that
line
iust
vpon
the
marke
that
the
middlemost
lyeth
vpon
,
without
any
faile
,
and
in
this
order
the
one
peece
was
placed
on
the
one
side
,
and
the
other
peece
on
the
other
syde
:
and
nowe
those
peeces
beeing
charged
,
firste
they
plome
the
mouth
of
the
peeces
righte
vppon
the
lyne
,
and
then
in
like
manner
the
breeche
or
tayle
righte
vppon
the
lyne
,
and
then
they
tooke
theyr
Quadrante
,
and
putte
the
rule
into
the
mouth
of
the
peece
,
and
koyned
the
breeche
of
the
peece
,
till
the
plommet
line
fell
at
two
degrees
and
a
halfe
iust
,
for
that
the
Athiley
day
dyd
shewe
vnto
them
on
the
Astrolobe
:
and
they
shooting
off
those
peeces
,
they
made
a
perfite
shotte
at
the
place
appoynted
,
and
thus
they
charged
and
shotte
all
the
nyght
,
and
then
before
day
,
when
they
hadde
serued
their
turne
,
they
conueyed
their
Ordnaunce
from
that
place
,
for
feare
of
being
beaten
away
from
them
when
it
was
day
light
.
And
furthermore
,
by
that
meanes
in
like
manner
,
they
may
place
their
Ordnaunce
in
the
night
out
of
a
Towne
,
to
annoye
their
enimies
,
as
they
may
or
can
by
no
deuice
or
practise
,
but
by
industry
or
policie
they
may
be
preuented
by
practise
,
and
especially
if
that
he
doe
knowe
what
the
enimie
doth
meane
for
to
doe
,
for
this
wee
doe
see
many
times
in
warres
,
that
policie
doth
preuayle
as
oftentimes
as
greate
and
huge
armies
of
menne
of
greate
strength
,
hauing
all
kinde
of
engines
for
that
purpose
,
for
euen
as
it
pleaseth
God
,
so
goeth
the
victorie
,
although
it
commeth
by
a
naturall
cause
,
and
that
naturall
cause
that
I
speake
of
,
is
knoweledge
and
industrie
in
those
affaires
!
CHAPTER
.
26.
How
to
keepe
a
Hauen
or
Riuer
on
the
Sea
coast
for
to
sincke
a
Shippe
as
well
by
night
as
by
day
in
all
pointes
.
NOw
for
the
keeping
of
a
Hauen
or
Ryuer
,
there
maye
be
suche
meanes
or
wayes
vsed
by
industrie
,
that
you
maye
keepe
a
Hauen
or
Riuer
in
this
sorte
,
so
that
there
may
no
Shippe
passe
neither
by
night
nor
by
daye
,
but
that
hee
shall
be
sunke
,
or
else
he
escapeth
very
hardly
,
although
the
nighte
be
neuer
so
darke
,
so
that
the
night
be
not
Foggy
or
Mistie
,
so
that
the
Hauen
or
Riuer
be
not
aboue
a
mile
broad
or
ouer
,
as
this
.
First
,
if
the
entraunce
of
the
Riuer
be
therefore
,
to
haue
a
watche
there
,
then
as
soone
as
the
watch
doth
perceiue
them
and
their
number
,
then
they
must
haue
a
watchtoken
,
and
that
must
be
a
light
or
lights
vnto
the
Castell
or
Bulwarkes
,
and
then
the
watchtokens
beeing
so
agreed
vpon
that
the
Castels
or
Bulwarkes
may
know
the
number
of
the
Shippes
by
the
forme
of
the
lights
of
the
Castels
or
Bulwarkes
,
if
that
they
be
on
the
one
side
,
&
the
other
on
the
other
sid
,
than
at
certaine
knowen
places
appointed
for
that
purpose
,
and
at
a
certaine
distance
from
the
Castels
or
Bulwarkes
towards
the
Sea
wardes
,
each
of
them
for
to
carrie
a
light
thither
,
&
to
place
the
lightes
as
neere
the
water
as
may
bee
,
and
if
that
it
chanceth
so
,
that
ther
is
but
one
Castell
or
bulwarke
,
and
none
vppon
the
other
side
,
then
they
hauing
a
bote
or
Skiffe
,
or
any
other
craft
,
they
may
rowe
ouer
the
water
,
and
place
their
Lightes
in
that
knowen
place
appoynted
,
and
then
afore
nighte
,
that
place
beeing
alwayes
knowen
vnto
them
,
they
may
place
their
Ordnaunce
right
vppon
that
marke
vppon
the
farther
side
of
the
water
,
the
Light
standing
alwayes
to
the
Seawardes
of
the
marke
that
the
Ordnaunce
is
placed
right
against
,
like
.
20.
or
.
30.
foote
,
&
then
the
night
being
neuer
so
darke
,
the
light
is
the
better
seene
:
then
must
the
Shippes
needes
in
their
comming
betweene
the
light
and
you
,
take
away
the
sightes
of
youre
lightes
,
and
then
immediately
,
as
soone
as
you
do
see
that
the
light
is
shaddowed
,
then
giue
fire
vnto
those
peeces
that
be
placed
against
your
ymagined
marke
appoynted
,
&
then
there
is
no
doubt
but
you
shall
make
a
perfit
shott
at
that
Shippe
,
being
sure
that
the
mouth
of
the
peece
bee
koyned
lowe
ynough
,
least
they
shoulde
shoote
ouer
the
Shippe
,
&
especially
if
it
be
in
a
place
where
it
doth
ebbe
and
flowe
:
for
at
the
full
Sea
,
they
must
koyne
the
peeces
at
one
proportion
,
and
at
a
low
water
,
at
another
proportion
:
and
this
being
handled
discretely
,
they
shall
not
faile
the
hitting
of
the
Ship
.
And
furthermore
,
as
it
is
declared
in
the
,
2.
Chapter
going
before
,
they
maye
haue
a
line
drawen
vnderneath
the
peece
vpon
the
ground
for
to
lay
their
peeces
right
vpon
their
appointed
marke
at
al
times
after
that
they
haue
shot
off
their
peeces
in
the
night
,
then
in
the
night
they
may
place
them
againe
,
&c.
As
for
example
,
Heere
with
vs
at
graues
end
,
as
there
is
.
2.
Bulwarkes
the
one
right
against
the
other
,
the
riuer
of
Thames
running
betweene
them
,
and
nowe
they
would
keepe
the
riuer
so
,
that
there
shoulde
no
Ship
passe
,
neyther
by
night
nor
by
day
,
but
that
they
should
be
sonke
:
then
they
must
keepe
a
watche
at
the
Nasse
or
poynt
belowe
,
at
the
entrance
of
the
Tilberrie
hope
,
and
that
is
a
mile
and
a
halfe
from
the
Bulwarke
,
and
there
alwayes
they
must
needes
see
them
,
and
their
number
of
Shippes
,
and
specially
by
the
help
of
a
light
vpon
the
further
side
of
the
water
,
and
then
they
beeing
knowen
vnto
the
whatche
,
the
watche
must
make
vnto
them
a
token
by
a
light
or
lightes
that
they
haue
agreed
vpon
before
,
and
then
thorough
the
watche
token
,
the
Bulwarke
knoweth
that
theyr
commeth
such
a
number
of
Shippes
,
or
but
one
or
two
as
it
chanceth
,
and
then
each
of
the
Bulwarkes
hath
an
imagined
marke
,
twentie
skore
towards
the
Nasse
or
Seawards
,
that
they
do
alwaies
plant
their
Ordnaunce
right
against
it
,
both
by
day
,
and
by
night
,
and
then
as
soone
as
they
doe
see
their
watchtoken
then
both
the
Bulwarks
do
place
their
lightes
hard
vnto
the
water
,
like
twenty
foote
to
the
Seawards
of
their
imagined
marke
:
then
the
peeces
being
planted
and
koyned
,
so
that
the
dispart
standeth
vnderneath
the
poynt
blanke
at
the
full
sea
one
degree
,
and
at
the
lowe
water
three
degrees
,
then
giuing
fire
vnto
the
peece
or
peeces
,
as
soone
as
the
Ship
taketh
away
or
shadoweth
the
light
,
then
theris
no
doubt
but
they
do
strike
the
Ship
very
neere
the
water
without
any
faile
.
And
for
that
the
lighte
standeth
to
the
Seawards
of
the
marke
appointed
,
the
shott
must
haue
a
time
to
come
vnto
the
Ship
,
and
the
Ship
goeth
away
in
the
meane
time
.
And
furthermore
,
when
that
the
peeces
bee
charged
againe
,
then
the
line
that
is
vnderneath
the
peece
,
by
plomming
of
hir
at
the
mouth
,
and
at
the
tayle
of
the
peece
,
is
laid
right
vpon
the
marke
agayne
:
and
then
furthermore
,
if
the
Shipp
chance
to
passe
further
,
scaping
both
the
Bulwarkes
,
then
they
may
haue
more
ymagined
markes
,
and
also
lightes
placed
there
,
and
in
like
manner
,
lines
vnderneath
the
peeces
right
vpon
those
markes
.
&c.
And
furthermore
,
you
may
know
by
the
lightes
,
whiche
side
of
the
water
the
Ship
commeth
two
wayes
,
and
one
way
is
this
,
the
land
being
higher
then
the
water
,
and
the
lightes
being
placed
hard
vnto
the
water
,
if
that
the
ship
commeth
hard
vpon
the
further
side
of
the
water
next
vnto
the
light
,
then
the
hold
of
the
ship
will
shaddowe
the
light
,
and
if
that
she
commeth
on
your
side
,
then
the
sayles
will
shaddowe
the
lightes
.
And
furthermore
if
the
Ship
commeth
right
in
the
middle
of
the
water
or
Riuer
,
then
both
the
Bulwarkes
shall
haue
the
lightes
shaddowed
at
one
time
,
and
if
the
Ship
come
on
the
further
side
of
the
water
from
you
,
then
your
lightes
will
bee
first
shaddowed
,
and
if
on
the
side
you
be
on
,
then
your
light
will
bee
last
shaddowed
:
and
then
furthermore
for
the
making
of
a
perfite
shotte
,
if
that
the
other
Bulwarke
shoote
before
you
,
then
koyne
the
mouth
of
the
peece
one
degree
lower
,
for
that
the
Shippe
commeth
vpon
your
side
of
the
water
,
and
then
for
the
neerenesse
of
her
comming
,
you
must
needes
koyne
the
peece
so
much
the
lower
.
&c.
FINIS
.
Some
deserue
ere
they
desire
,
And
yet
shall
lacke
when
they
require
,
Some
desire
and
neuer
deserue
,
And
gets
the
gayne
the
other
shall
sterue
.