IN
the
moneth
of
March.
1577.
A
certaine
Marchant
dwelling
in
the
famous
citie
of
Mexico
,
which
is
situated
in
the
west
India
,
now
called
new
Spaine
,
writeth
among
other
things
to
his
friend
dwelling
in
the
Prouince
of
Andoluzia
,
the
particuler
newes
,
which
at
that
instant
were
comen
from
the
great
dominion
of
Chyna
,
which
adioyneth
vnto
the
East
India
,
saying
as
followeth
.
Unto
this
Citie
of
Mexico
,
within
this
moneth
,
is
brought
newes
from
Chyna
worthie
to
be
published
.
And
because
the
volume
thereof
dooth
conteyne
more
then
.
xx
.
sheetes
of
Paper
,
and
are
nowe
sent
in
thys
Caiuell
of
aduise
vnto
the
Kings
Maiestie
,
the
Copie
remayneth
onely
among
worshipfull
personages
:
wherefore
I
can
not
nowe
sende
you
the
whole
relation
vntyll
the
fleet
departe
from
hence
,
but
the
substance
in
briefe
,
is
●s
followeth
.
Two
shippes
came
from
Chyna
,
in
one
of
the
which
came
a
credyble
person
,
who
as
a
present
witnesse
dooth
declare
,
that
the
Spanyardes
which
were
enhabited
in
certeyne
Ilandes
which
stand●
distant
from
that
fyrme
land
,
euen
as
th●
Canaria
Ilandes
standeth
from
Africa
hauing
abode
nere
two
yeeres
in
those
Ilandes
,
and
beyng
▪
500
▪
persons
in
number
,
did
discouer
more
then
.
40
▪
league
of
coast
of
that
fyrme
land
.
The
Gener●
of
the
Spanyardes
was
called
Gandi
who
had
battayle
with
those
Indian
wherein
was
slaine
the
Lieftenant
of
t●
fielde
,
and.
50.
Spanyardes
.
And
of
t●
Indians
were
slayne
.
5000.
whereupp●
the
Indians
desired
peace
,
and
an
agr●ment
was
concluded
betwixt
them
,
th●
guages
should
be
giuen
on
both
sides
.
The
Spanyards
gaue
for
their
gua●
two
learned
men
and.
4.
souldiours
,
rec●uing
the
like
pawne
of
the
Indians
.
The
Indians
caried
their
guages
t●
goodly
Citie
called
Ander
,
which
st●deth
more
then
.
40.
leagues
within
●
mayne
lande
.
This
Citie
dooth
conte●
more
then
syxe
leagues
in
circuite
,
with
a
double
wal
.
The
inner
wal
is
hollowe
,
and
couered
ouer
as
the
floore
of
a
Chamber
to
walke
vpon
.
The
vtter
wall
is
substantial
,
and
of
three
fadome
of
height
,
wrought
,
as
a
Gallerie
with
loopeholes
for
Hargabushe
or
other
weapon
.
This
wall
is
replenished
with
ordinance
,
and
couered
with
Penthouse
.
The
Citie
hath
seuen
Castels
equally
deuided
.
In
this
Citie
ruleth
for
Gouernour
,
a
Uiceking
,
subiect
to
the
king
of
Chyna
,
with
many
Doctors
and
Lawiers
,
which
weare
foure
cornered
Cappes
made
of
heare
.
There
are
other
Licentiats
,
who
vse
rounde
bonettes
like
vnto
Portugall
Priestes
.
There
are
other
Magistrates
of
iustice
,
who
weare
the
heare
of
their
head
knotted
,
and
vppon
their
breastes
and
backe
,
golden
Lions
sowen
vppon
their
garmentes
.
There
are
also
many
religious
per
sons
that
goe
with
shauen
heades
,
sauing
one
locke
of
heare
hanging
ouer
eche
eare
.
These
persons
are
their
Priestes
.
They
make
their
sacrifice
vppon
a
table
,
vsing
their
accustomed
Ceremonies
,
they
wryte
and
reade
,
and
pronounce
theyr
Orations
and
seruice
vnto
theyr
Gods
,
with
a
loude
voyce
.
In
an
Abbey
of
these
Religious
persons
were
our
learned
men
lodged
,
for
the
space
of
syxe
monethes
,
in
which
tyme
they
sawe
many
rich
peeces
of
clothe
of
golde
:
and
all
sortes
of
Sylke
and
Purple
,
they
haue
brought
vnto
this
Citye
some
of
those
peeces
,
which
is
a
thyng
meruaylous
to
beholde
.
In
this
Countrey
they
haue
great
store
of
Wheate
,
the
whiche
they
doo
myxe
with
Ryce
,
and
thereof
make
theyr
bread
.
There
are
many
Horses
and
Mares
,
better
then
the
Spanishe
kynde
.
All
sortes
of
Spanishe
fruites
,
and
manye
other
fruites
that
growe
not
in
Spaine
▪
Except
Grapes
,
they
haue
none
.
The
people
are
of
smal
stature
.
Their
women
when
they
are
borne
,
they
vse
to
wrest
one
of
theyr
legges
,
whereof
they
euer
remayne
lame
,
because
they
shoulde
continually
kepe
theyr
houses
:
&
are
kept
so
close
,
that
none
may
see
them
,
except
those
of
t●
housholde
.
For
ou●
learned
〈◊〉
b●
there
,
as
is
sayde
,
syxe
moneths
,
〈◊〉
not
discrie
fyftie
women
.
The
men
vse
theyr
nayles
of
〈◊〉
handes
very
long
,
for
they
fyn●
it
a
●fitable
thyng
for
the
war●es
.
This
people
d●th
wo●rshippe
th●
Gods
,
that
is
to
say
,
the
Sunne
,
the
Moone
,
and
an
Idol
with
three
heades
.
They
holde
opinion
,
that
in
●yme
〈◊〉
,
the
heauen
dyd
ioyne
with
the
earth
,
and
that
the
heauen
did
disseuer
from
the
earth
,
and
ascende
aboue
,
where
i●
nowe
aydeth
.
But
yet
say
they
,
in
time
to
come
,
it
shall
descende
agayne
,
and
ioyne
with
the
earth
.
They
beleeue
that
the
Sunne
is
God
of
the
warres
,
and
the
Moone
is
the
God
of
temparature
,
which
is
lesser
in
substance
,
than
the
Sunne
.
They
also
beleeue
that
al.
3.
Gods
are
as
one
in
Godhead
,
although
they
rule
seuerally
euery
one
by
hym selfe
.
And
hauing
now
vnderstanding
by
our
learned
men
,
of
the
vlessed
Trynitie
,
they
allowe
very
well
thereof
,
thinking
that
it
is
a
similitude
of
their
three
Gods.
There
hath
been
made
within
this
Citie
of
Mexico
,
generall
prayers
&
supplications
,
beseeching
the
almightie
God
to
lighten
this
strange
people
with
the
knowledge
of
his
holy
fayth
and
woorde
.
Whan
our
learned
men
departed
from
this
City
,
the
Indian
rulers
sent
about
fyue
thousande
Indians
to
accompanie
them
,
and
presented
vnto
them
many
peeces
of
cloth
of
Golde
,
and
many
other
things
.
This
garde
of
fyue
thousande
men
was
sent
to
defende
our
learned
men
from
the
Turkes
,
because
at
that
tyme
were
tenne
Sayle
of
Turkes
on
the
Coast
,
who
did
greate
hurte
vnto
them
.
These
Tutkes
gaue
chase
to
our
men
,
and
theyr
company
,
and
slewe
thyrtie
Christians
,
and
many
Indians
.
The
Christians
slewe
of
the
Turkes
aboue
fyue
hundred
.
And
the
next
day
following
,
our
men
&
their
Indians
hauing
refreshed
them selues
,
set
agayne
vppon
the
Turkes
,
and
slewe
their
king
,
and
neare
two
thousande
persons
of
his
army
,
and
draue
the
residue
to
flight
.
When
the
Indyans
that
went
to
accompany
our
men
,
returned
with
that
newes
,
all
the
Citizens
reioyced
,
and
chiefly
the
King
of
Chyna
,
who
was
abyding
in
an
other
Citie
farther
within
the
mayne
lande
.
And
forthwith
he
sent
a
present
vnto
them
for
their
King
,
which
was
a
stature
of
Golde
,
in
token
of
victory
:
and
aduertised
him
of
the
valiantnesse
of
his
subiectes
,
which
had
slayne
the
mightie
Turke
King
of
Brazer
,
in
remembrance
whereof
,
hee
sent
vnto
him
the
ymage
of
the
same
God
of
Battayle
,
saying
,
that
hee
deserued
that
Idoll
,
whiche
was
made
at
the
beginning
and
foundation
of
that
land
,
&
that
the
keeping
of
that
Idol
was
onely
preserued
for
him
.
And
with
this
Present
he
sent
10000.
Indyans
,
&
10.
vesselles
of
warre
for
wafters
,
to
accompany
them
,
vntil
they
should
ariue
at
their
Iland
,
laden
with
victual
,
and
many
riche
thinges
.
Also
fruite
,
as
Nuttes
,
Almondes
,
Chestnuttes
,
Pomgranates
,
Orenges
,
and
Lymons
,
with
store
of
Rice
,
Kine
,
and
Sheepe
.
The
Christians
had
carried
before
that
time
,
ky●
for
to
breede
,
whiche
cattell
are
lesser
then
ours
,
but
better
fleshe
and
sweeter
,
and
the
Sheepe
also
better
then
ours
.
And
with
this
fleete
of
Indians
and.
300.
Spaniardes
,
they
proceeded
to
seeke
the
Turkes
Nauy
,
whiche
they
met
not
,
but
they
conquered
in
that
returne
homewards
,
other
.
3.
Ilandes
,
the
which
they
left
in
subiection
,
to
the
King
our
maister
.
And
when
the
Indyan
Fleete
returned
from
the
Ilande
towarde
Chyna
,
two
Shippes
departed
from
the
newe
Spayne
,
for
those
parties
in
the
whiche
went.
12.
learned
men
,
to
preach
the
Gospell
vnto
those
Indyans
,
and
to
instruct
them
of
the
mistery
of
the
holy
trinytie
,
I
beseech
God
that
the
fruite
thereof
may
insue
,
as
we
trust
it
will
,
and
comming
so
to
passe
,
it
wyll
be
the
richest
Lande
that
euer
was
knowne
.
Wee
doo
nowe
looke
for
other
two
Shippes
,
that
the
Uiceking
pretendeth
to
sende
for
.
1000.
men
,
to
attempt
the
Conquest
of
Chyna
,
for
hee
sayeth
that
his
hart
serueth
him
to
fynishe
that
enterprise
with
so
many
men
,
because
the
Indyans
are
of
small
courage
,
yea
,
and
though
they
haue
Hargabushes
,
and
other
Artillarie
,
yet
they
know
net
howe
to
vse
them
:
so
that
now
this
city
prepareth
1000
men
to
send
thither
.
And
al
the
citizens
of
Mexico
are
moued
with
desire
to
go
thither
,
with
loue
of
the
great
quantitie
of
Golde
that
is
there
.
Those
that
are
come
from
them
,
doo
report
,
that
they
exchaunge
more
Siluer
for
Golde
,
then
waight
for
waight
,
because
those
Indyans
esteeme
Siluer
better
then
Golde
.
There
is
now
brought
for
the
Kings
tribute
,
which
is
a
fifth
part
of
all
that
is
wonne
,
600000.
Dukets
all
in
Golde
.
They
brought
not
the
Idoll
of
Golde
to
pleasure
the
Indyans
,
and
also
that
they
shoulde
thinke
that
Christians
doo
not
so
much
esteeme
Golde
.
They
haue
also
brought
great
quantitie
of
Cloth
of
Golde
,
as
fyne
as
the
sortes
of
Calicute
clothe
,
and
of
better
workmanship
,
then
any
heretofore
hath
bene
brought
.
Likewise
,
pepper
,
Ginger
,
Cloues
,
and
Sinamon
.
They
haue
brought
fleeces
of
Wooll
for
a
moster
,
but
not
so
fyne
as
ours
,
and
much
Rice
.
They
doo
also
certify
,
that
the
Uice-king
hath
woorkmen
making
.
4.
Gallies
lyke
vnto
ours
,
for
to
expulse
▪
the
Turkes
,
and
to
ayde
the
Indyans
,
which
thinke
themselues
happy
to
bee
defended
from
them
.
There
are
many
other
thinges
to
write
of
,
wherefore
I
wyll
procure
the
copy
of
the
whole
relation
,
and
send
it
you
in
the
fleete
that
is
in
a
redynesse
to
departe
.
&c.