The
second
Booke
.
HENGIST
:
I
:
PRINC
:
SAX
:
portrait of Hengist
CHAP.
I.
The
Principalitie
of
the
Kentish-Saxons
established
by
Hengist
,
whom
Vsk
,
Otta
,
and
Ermeric
succeede
in
the
government
.
Austen
the
Monke
is
sent
from
Rome
by
Gregorie
the
Great
,
to
preach
the
Christian
faith
to
the
Saxons
and
English
.
He
landeth
in
Kent
;
where
he
is
curteous●
,
●ertained
by
Ethelbert
,
the
Prince
of
that
Countrie
.
THE
Territorie
of
the
Kentish-Saxons
,
did
at
the
first
,
include
only
that
part
,
which
at
this
day
is
contained
within
the
county
of
Kent
,
being
the
very
entrance
&
key
of
the
whole
Iland
.
The
west
&
south
sides
of
it
butte
vpon
the
firme
land
:
on
the
East
,
the
Brittish
Ocean
beateth
,
and
vppon
the
North
,
runneth
the
famous
river
Thames
,
navigable
for
ships
of
very
great
burden
,
and
ebbing
and
flowing
many
miles
within
the
land
:
whereby
commodities
are
brought
in
,
and
carryed
forth
,
to
the
enriching
of
it selfe
,
and
the
Countries
round
about
.
This
Principalitie
(
enlarged
by
addition
of
such
Provinces
as
Vortiger
,
after
the
slaughter
of
the
Brittish
Nobilitie
delivered
to
the
Saxons
for
his
ransome
)
was
established
by
Hengist
eight
yeares
after
his
arrivall
,
about
the
yeare
of
grace
456.
Valentinian
,
the
third
of
that
name
,
then
shoring
vp
the
decayed
Empire
in
the
West
.
Although
(
by
consent
of
divers
Writers
)
he
ruled
a
long
time
;
yet
little
or
nothing
is
left
of
record
,
concerning
any
thing
done
by
him
,
after
he
was
setled
in
the
governement
:
either
for
that
perhaps
,
no
great
occasion
was
ministred
to
shew
himselfe
in
action
,
(
the
Britans
being
now
seated
in
the
remote
parts
of
the
I
le
,
and
his
owne
countrymen
making
warre
in
other
places
of
the
same
)
or
else
,
for
that
(
being
wearied
with
the
warre
)
he
gave
himselfe
to
ease
and
quietnesse
,
supposing
hee
had
done
enough
alreadie
,
in
making
the
first
attempt
in
an
enterprize
so
difficult
,
and
in
getting
and
leaving
to
his
posteritie
,
the
possession
of
so
faire
and
fruitfull
Countries
.
After
his
death
,
there
raigned
,
eyther
joyntly
,
or
successively
,
Vsk
,
Otta
,
and
Ermeric
;
concerning
whom
,
I
finde
no
other
mention
then
of
their
names
onely
.
Ethelbert
(
succeeding
Ermeric
his
father
)
was
in
the
beginning
of
his
raigne
,
much
encumbred
with
warres
,
which
he
made
with
very
ill
successe
against
Ceaulin
,
Prince
of
the
West-Saxons
:
but
afterwards
,
(
his
knowledge
in
militare
affaires
increasing
with
his
yeares
)
hee
fortunately
repaired
those
losses
:
extending
his
Dominion
,
(
by
reducing
the
South
Provinces
to
his
obedience
)
even
to
the
water
of
Humber
.
And
the
better
to
strengthen
his
estate
by
forraigne
aliance
,
hee
married
Bertha
the
danghter
of
Ch●rebert
,
then
King
of
France
,
a
vertuous
Lady
,
and
a
professor
of
Christianitie
,
wherein
the
King
her
husband
was
not
as
yet
instructed
:
howbeit
hee
permitted
both
her selfe
and
Luidhard
a
French
Bishop
,
(
that
accompanied
her
into
Britannie
)
to
vse
the
Rites
and
Ceremonies
of
their
owne
Countrie
and
religion
:
eyther
for
observance
of
the
contract
which
Ethelbert
before
the
marriage
had
made
with
the
King
her
Father
to
that
end
,
or
else
,
for
the
heartie
and
entire
affection
which
hee
bare
vnto
her
,
as
his
wife
,
whom
God
had
ordained
to
bee
the
meanes
of
his
conversion
to
the
Christian
faith
.
For
in
the
yeare
of
grace
five
hundred
ninetie
sixe
,
and
fourteenth
of
the
raigne
of
Mauritius
the
Emperour
,
Austen
a
Monke
,
was
sent
by
Gregory
the
first
,
(
surnamed
the
Great
,
then
Bishop
of
Rome
)
to
preach
the
faith
to
the
Saxons
and
English
,
then
inhabiting
the
I
le
of
Britannie
,
where
(
landing
in
the
I
le
of
Tanet
,
vpon
the
coast
of
Kent
)
hee
was
entertained
in
curteous
manner
by
Ethelbert
the
Prince
,
whose
heart
being
somewhat
prepared
by
his
wives
perswasion
,
and
by
the
example
of
Luidhard
,
the
devout
Bishop
that
lived
with
her
)
was
more
apt
,
in
time
,
to
take
impression
of
the
Truth
,
whereto
(
though
himselfe
assented
not
at
the
first
,
)
yet
hee
licensed
it
to
be
taught
privately
,
and
assigned
to
Austen
a
convenient
seate
at
Canterbury
,
(
the
cheefe
Citie
of
that
Province
)
giving
him
an
olde
Church
,
which
in
former
times
had
beene
erected
by
certaine
Romans
.
(
exercising
there
the
Christian
religion
)
and
consecrated
to
our
Saviour
Christ
.
This
Church
was
then
reedified
,
and
(
not
many
yeares
after
)
Austen
without
the
Citie
Eastward
,
layd
the
foundation
of
a
Monasterie
:
for
which
Ethelbert
erected
a
Church
,
wherein
both
Austen
himselfe
with
his
successours
,
and
also
the
Christian
Princes
of
Kent
,
were
(
for
the
most
part
)
interred
after
their
death
.
This
Monasterie
being
finished
,
long
time
after
Austens
decease
,
was
dedicated
to
him
by
the
name
of
Saint
Austen
,
whose
memoriall
the
ruines
of
that
place
retaine
even
to
this
day
.
CHAP.
II.
Austen
converteth
divers
of
the
Saxons
and
English
from
Paganisme
to
Christianitie
.
The
cause
that
first
moved
Gregorie
the
Great
to
intend
their
conversion
.
Austen
is
consecrated
chief
Bishop
of
the
English
Nation
by
the
Bishop
of
Arles
in
France
.
He
advertiseth
the
Bishop
of
Rome
,
of
the
successe
of
his
voyage
into
Britannie
,
and
requireth
directions
touching
the
Ecclesiasticall
governement
to
be
there
established
.
IN
the
meane
time
,
Austen
(
beeing
now
received
as
the
Apostle
of
the
English
Nation
)
and
such
Priests
as
were
with
him
,
exercised
their
Ecclesiasticall
functions
,
without
empeachment
;
and
for
that
they
were
altogether
ignorant
of
the
Brittish
language
,
they
vsed
the
helpe
of
such
Interpreters
,
as
they
had
brought
with
them
out
of
France
,
in
preaching
and
instructing
the
people
:
with
whom
,
partly
by
their
doctrine
,
and
partly
by
their
example
they
prevailed
so
much
,
as
many
of
them
beleeved
,
and
were
baptized
:
for
their
teachers
began
then
to
expresse
in
their
lives
the
practise
of
the
Apostles
in
the
Primitive
Church
,
by
continuall
watching
,
fasting
,
and
praying
,
contemning
the
world
,
and
contenting
themselves
with
things
necessarie
to
sustaine
Life
and
Nature
:
so
strongly
were
they
possessed
with
the
spirit
of
zeale
,
in
first
planting
the
Christian
religion
among
Idolatrous
Saxons
,
and
English
.
It
is
reported
,
that
Gregorie
the
Great
(
when
he
was
but
Archdeacon
of
the
Sea
of
Rome
)
tooke
notice
first
of
the
state
of
the
I
le
of
Britannie
,
by
seeing
certaine
yong
men
(
borne
in
a
Province
of
the
Northumbers
)
presented
in
an
open
Market
at
Rome
,
to
be
there
sold
:
For
,
marking
well
their
faire
complexions
,
and
comlinesse
of
stature
,
he
enquired
whence
they
were
:
and
vnderstanding
that
they
were
Angles
,
of
a
Province
called
Deira
,
and
vnder
the
government
of
Alla
,
but
as
yet
heathen
(
for
so
the
Inhabitants
of
those
parts
then
were
:
)
he
seemed
much
to
lament
,
that
such
excellent
outward
gifts
of
Nature
,
should
want
the
ornaments
of
inward
grace
:
and
thereupon
alluding
to
the
name
of
their
Prince
and
Country
,
(
according
to
their
significations
in
the
Latin
,
and
Hebrew
tongue
;
)
he
vttered
these
words
,
as
it
were
by
way
of
Prophecie
:
These
men
are
worthily
called
Angles
,
for
they
have
the
verie
faces
of
Angels
:
and
they
shall
be
one
day
fellow
heires
with
Angels
in
Heaven
.
For
the
people
of
Deira
,
must
be
delivered
De-ira
Divina
,
by
their
conversion
to
the
Christian
faith
:
and
Alla
their
King
must
be
taught
to
sing
Alleluia
to
the
praise
of
the
most
high
God
:
which
worke
(
being
now
Bishop
of
Rome
)
he
was
made
the
Instrument
to
effect
,
by
sending
Austen
at
this
time
to
preach
the
faith
of
Christ
in
Britannie
,
where
(
in
a
short
space
)
the
Christian
Religion
encreased
,
in
such
measure
,
that
vpon
one
day
(
wherein
the
memoriall
of
the
birth
of
our
Saviour
was
celebrated
)
there
was
above
ten
thousand
men
,
besides
women
and
children
,
baptized
in
a
river
:
the
water
thereof
being
hallowed
by
Austen
the
Monke
,
who
commanded
the
people
(
by
reason
of
the
great
multitude
,
and
the
small
number
of
Priests
)
to
go
in
by
couples
,
and
one
to
baptise
another
,
In
the
name
of
the
blessed
Trinitie
.
When
these
things
were
done
,
Austen
went
into
France
,
where
(
according
to
order
given
by
the
Sea
of
Rome
before
his
departure
thence
)
he
was
by
Etherius
Bishop
of
Arles
consecrated
chiefe
Bishop
of
the
English
Nation
,
and
at
his
returne
into
Britannie
,
he
sent
Laurence
a
Priest
,
and
Peter
a
Monke
,
to
advertise
the
Bishop
of
Rome
of
the
successe
of
his
labors
,
requiring
also
further
instructions
in
some
doubtfull
points
,
concerning
the
discipline
of
the
Church
,
and
other
matters
of
ceremonie
and
observance
.
CHAP.
III.
Instructions
sent
to
Austen
from
the
bishop
of
Rome
,
for
the
ordering
and
government
of
the
new
Church
in
Britannie
.
The
Primacie
of
the
Sea
of
Canterburie
.
The
first
English
bishops
of
London
and
Yorke
.
HEreupon
the
Bishop
of
Rome
signified
by
his
Letters
to
Austen
,
and
the
rest
of
his
Associates
,
how
acceptable
a
worke
,
to
God
and
his
Church
,
they
had
performed
:
commending
their
great
zeale
,
and
constant
minds
,
which
neither
the
travaile
of
a
long
and
laborious
journey
,
nor
feare
of
danger
by
sea
or
land
,
could
dismay
from
persisting
in
their
good
intention
:
giving
thanks
to
God
,
that
had
assisted
them
with
his
spirit
,
and
exhorting
them
to
hold
on
the
course
into
which
they
were
alreadie
entred
.
Touching
the
Ecclesiasticall
government
,
if
there
were
any
thing
,
either
in
the
Church
of
Rome
,
France
,
or
any
other
Church
,
which
Austen
thought
meete
to
be
altered
,
for
the
better
service
of
God
:
he
willed
him
therein
to
vse
his
pastorall
authoritie
,
and
to
select
out
of
everie
one
of
them
,
what
himselfe
thought
most
requisite
for
setling
an
vniformitie
of
government
in
the
Church
of
Britannie
:
affirming
,
that
divine
worship
was
not
to
be
esteemed
in
regard
of
the
place
,
but
the
place
to
be
honoured
,
in
regard
of
the
divine
worship
.
Further
,
he
put
him
in
mind
of
the
ancient
custome
of
the
Sea
of
Rome
,
which
had
ordeined
the
profits
and
revenues
of
Bishoprikes
to
be
divided
into
foure
equall
parts
:
whereof
the
first
was
assigned
to
the
Bishop
him self
,
and
the
family
,
for
the
maintenance
of
hospitalitie
:
the
second
for
the
benefite
of
the
Clergie
in
generall
:
the
third
for
reliefe
of
the
poore
,
and
the
fourth
for
repairing
of
Churches
.
Then
he
admonished
him
,
to
deale
gently
with
the
new
Converts
,
and
to
tollerate
some
of
their
erronious
Traditions
for
a
time
,
lest
by
restraining
them
at
first
to
the
precise
observation
of
Christian
discipline
in
everie
point
,
he
might
divert
them
from
their
good
purpose
,
and
hinder
the
proceeding
in
the
generall
cause
:
For
he
supposed
it
a
matter
of
verie
great
difficultie
,
to
plucke
vp
at
once
those
ranke
weedes
of
Superstition
,
which
by
long
continuance
of
time
had
taken
deepe
●oote
in
their
affections
:
considering
well
,
that
he
that
desireth
to
attaine
the
highest
place
,
must
ascend
thither
by
steps
and
degrees
,
and
not
by
leapes
(
as
it
were
)
in
an
instant
.
He
answered
likewise
many
other
objections
,
propounded
by
Austen
.
concerning
degrees
of
consanguinitie
and
aliance
,
to
be
observed
in
cases
of
Marriage
,
and
also
touching
the
admission
of
meete
persons
to
be
partakers
of
the
Lords
Supper
.
Touching
the
punishment
of
Sacrilege
,
he
advised
,
that
offenders
therein
might
first
be
charitably
corrected
&
admonished
,
to
the
end
,
that
(
knowing
the
greatnesse
of
the
crime
)
they
might
,
by
penance
,
and
restitution
make
amends
,
and
detest
from
thence-foorth
to
commit
the
like
.
With
the
Bishops
of
France
,
he
willed
him
not
to
intermeddle
otherwise
then
by
counsaile
,
and
exhortatation
,
lest
(
by
interposing
himselfe
in
matters
of
Ecclesiasticall
government
there
)
he
should
seeme
to
thrust
his
Sickle
into
an
other
mans
Harvest
:
but
he
appointed
all
the
Bishops
of
Britannie
to
be
vnder
his
jurisdiction
,
giving
him
power
to
nominate
,
and
consecrate
Bishops
in
severall
places
,
where
he
thought
convenient
.
Howbeit
it
was
then
decreed
,
that
the
Bishop
of
London
should
(
ever
after
)
be
consecrated
by
his
owne
Synod
,
and
receive
his
Pall
from
the
Sea
of
Rome
;
for
he
appointed
the
Citie
of
London
to
be
the
Metropolis
and
chiefe
Sea
:
though
Austen
(
contrarie
to
the
Bishop
of
Romes
direction
in
that
behalfe
)
transferred
it
afterwards
to
Canterburie
,
as
a
place
vnto
which
he
was
well
affected
,
for
the
good
entertainment
he
had
there
first
received
:
and
also
,
for
that
it
was
more
commodious
for
sending
by
Sea
to
Rome
,
and
more
free
from
danger
,
then
the
miner
parts
about
London
,
whose
inhabitants
were
lesse
civill
,
and
not
so
well
in
inclined
to
receive
the
doctrine
of
christianity
,
as
the
〈◊〉
were
:
For
Pope
Gregorie
ordained
,
London
,
and
Yorke
to
be
the
Seas
of
two
Archbishoprikes
,
and
that
each
of
them
should
have
vnder
it
twelve
inferior
Bishopriks
,
but
that
neither
of
the
Archbishops
should
be
subject
to
other
,
nor
take
place
of
precedence
otherwise
then
according
to
prioritie
of
consecration
,
save
onely
that
(
for
Austens
honour
)
he
appointed
all
of
them
to
remaine
vnder
his
jurisdiction
during
his
life
.
CHAP.
IIII.
Austen
receiveth
the
Pall
from
Rome
.
Gregorie
the
Great
sendeth
gratulatorie
Letters
to
Ethelbert
,
who
is
converted
to
the
faith
,
being
the
first
Christi●n
Prince
of
the
English
nation
.
The
Church
of
Saint
Paul
in
London
is
founded
?
Melitus
the
first
Bishop
there
in
the
Saxons
time
.
Iustus
the
first
Bishop
of
Rochester
C●ntention
betweene
the
English
and
Brittish
Cleargie
,
about
celebration
of
the
feast
of
Easter
.
WIth
these
and
other
such
like
instructions
,
the
Messengers
were
dispatched
into
Britannie
,
where
,
at
their
returne
,
they
presented
to
Austen
,
the
Pall
(
the
ornament
of
a
Bishop
)
which
the
Bishop
of
Rome
had
sent
vnto
him
as
a
〈◊〉
and
confirmation
of
his
Ecclesiastical
dignitie
and
authority
,
and
also
certaine
Vessels
and
Vestments
which
were
thought
meete
to
be
vsed
for
〈◊〉
in
the
English
Churches
.
〈…〉
,
with
divers
other
godly
lea●ned
men
,
were
appoynted
to
accompanie
the
Messengers
into
the
Iland
,
to
the
end
they
might
assist
Austen
,
and
the
Priests
there
in
preaching
the
Gospel
▪
At
that
time
the
Bishop
of
Rome
sent
also
certaine
gifts
of
great
value
to
Ethelbert
the
Prince
,
and
by
speciall
Letters
commended
his
favourable
vsage
and
princely
bountie
shewed
,
in
receyving
and
mainteining
such
persons
,
as
came
into
his
Countrey
,
to
instruct
himselfe
and
his
Subiects
in
the
knowledge
of
true
Religion
(
the
greatest
blessing
that
ever
any
Nation
could
enjoy
:
)
signifying
withall
,
that
by
his
conformitie
to
those
things
which
they
taught
,
a
happie
entrance
was
alreadie
made
for
reducing
the
whole
Iland
to
Christianitie
,
and
that
if
he
persevered
as
he
had
begun
,
he
might
vndoubtedly
expect
an
eternall
reward
in
heaven
.
For
albeit
Ethelbert
at
the
first
was
not
verie
readily
induced
to
abandon
the
ancient
superstitious
customes
of
his
owne
Nation
,
partly
,
for
that
he
had
beene
trained
vp
therein
from
his
tender
yeares
▪
and
partly
,
for
that
he
was
secretly
informed
,
that
some
of
the
Priests
(
which
then
preached
the
faith
of
Christ
)
were
seditious
persons
,
exercising
witchcraft
,
and
seducing
the
people
,
vnder
pretence
of
simplicitie
:
yet
after
his
conversion
he
became
a
zealous
professor
and
practise●
of
pietie
:
erecting
faire
Temples
for
divine
Service
,
endowing
them
with
large
possessions
;
and
earnestly
exhorting
other
Princes
within
the
I
le
to
do
the
like
.
He
founded
a
Church
in
the
Citie
of
London
,
which
the
Kentish
Saxons
(
in
right
of
superioritie
over
the
East-Saxons
)
at
that
time
possessed
,
and
dedicated
it
to
the
Apostle
Saint
Paul
.
In
more
ancient
times
(
as
some
conjecture
by
the
bones
of
such
beasts
as
were
vsually
sacrificed
by
the
Gentiles
,
and
found
in
that
place
)
there
had
beene
a
Temple
dedicated
to
Diana
;
of
that
Church
Melitus
(
being
sent
by
Austen
to
preach
the
Christian
faith
to
the
East-Saxons
)
was
afterwards
elected
the
first
Bishop
.
The
Cittie
of
Rochester
also
he
assigned
to
Iustus
,
who
was
consecrated
the
first
Bishop
of
that
Sea
.
But
while
these
things
were
a
doing
,
there
arose
some
controversie
betweene
the
English
Roman
Cleargie
,
and
certaine
British
Bishops
,
concerning
the
celebration
of
the
feast
of
Easter
,
and
other
Rites
and
Ceremonies
,
wherein
the
Brittish
Church
dissented
from
the
Church
of
Rome
:
for
the
Britans
then
dwelling
in
Wales
,
and
the
West
parts
of
the
Ile
)
continued
there
the
exercise
of
the
Christian
faith
,
which
had
beene
preserved
among
them
ever
since
it
was
first
planted
in
the
Iland
,
though
now
and
then
the
cleere
course
thereof
,
was
either
by
contagious
Heresies
,
or
by
prophane
and
irreligious
Princes
,
interrupted
for
a
time
:
howbeit
,
when
they
perceived
the
Saxons
themselves
in
some
measure
to
approove
it
,
they
beganne
with
boldnesse
to
make
open
profession
of
it
,
as
seeming
therein
to
agree
even
with
their
enemies
,
howsoever
otherwise
in
respect
of
language
,
situation
,
or
the
law
of
Nations
they
were
divided
.
CHAP.
V.
Austen
calleth
a
Synode
to
reconcile
the
differences
between
the
Brittish
and
English
Cleargie
.
The
Brittish
Bishops
aske
counsaile
of
an
Anchorite
,
whether
they
should
conforme
themselves
to
such
things
as
Austen
the
Monke
should
require
of
them
.
They
refuse
to
accept
him
for
their
Archbishop
.
Austen
appointeth
Laurentius
to
succeed
him
in
the
Sea
of
Canterburie
.
He
dieth
.
AVsten
perceiving
that
this
disagreement
was
likely
to
prove
prejudiciall
to
the
state
of
the
new
Church
,
thought
it
the
best
and
safest
way
,
to
prevent
the
inconvenience
in
the
verie
beginning
,
and
to
that
end
he
summoned
a
Synod
,
which
(
by
the
meanes
of
Ethelbert
the
Prince
)
he
procured
to
be
held
vpon
the
borders
of
the
West
-
Saxons
Country
.
At
that
Synod
,
seven
Brittish
Bishops
,
certain
Monks
of
Bangor
(
the
greatest
Monasterie
in
the
I
le
,
whereof
Dinothus
was
then
Abbot
)
and
diverse
others
well
reputed
for
their
learning
and
knowledge
in
divinitie
were
present
.
It
is
reported
,
that
the
Brittish
Bishops
(
before
their
comming
thither
)
asked
counsaile
of
an
Anchorite
(
a
wise
and
holie
man
)
living
there
about
,
what
he
thought
meetest
for
them
to
do
in
that
great
businesse
which
they
had
then
in
hand
:
and
whether
they
should
follow
the
advice
and
directions
of
Austen
,
or
retaine
still
their
ancient
Traditious
:
whereto
it
is
said
,
that
the
Anchorite
made
this
answer
:
If
he
be
of
God
,
follow
him
,
and
that
shall
you
best
discerne
by
his
humilitie
:
For
Christ
sayeth
:
Take
vpon
you
my
yoke
,
and
learne
of
me
,
for
I
am
milde
,
and
humble
of
heart
:
If
therefore
you
perceive
by
his
behaviour
,
that
hee
is
prowd
and
high
minded
,
then
be
ye
well
assured
,
that
he
is
not
of
God
.
Heereupon
,
when
they
came
to
the
place
where
the
Synod
was
to
be
kept
,
and
saw
Austen
sitting
in
a
chaire
,
but
not
saluting
them
at
their
first
entrance
,
nor
seeming
by
his
outward
gesture
to
respect
them
:
they
supposed
the
Anchorists
speech
to
have
beene
in
part
then
verified
,
and
with
much
impatiency
,
heard
the
Arch-bishops
oration
:
wherein
they
were
specially
required
to
preserve
the
vnitie
of
the
Christian
faith
,
and
(
though
they
did
many
things
contrarie
to
the
vsage
of
the
Roman
Church
,
)
yet
to
conforme
themselves
thereto
in
three
points
,
namely
,
in
celebrating
the
feast
of
Easter
in
due-time
,
in
exercising
the
ministery
of
Baptisme
,
according
to
the
manner
of
the
Church
of
Rome
:
and
in
joyning
with
him
,
and
the
rest
of
the
English
Bishops
,
in
preaching
the
Gospel
of
Christ
to
the
heathen
of
that
Nation
;
which
if
they
would
faithfully
performe
,
he
promised
,
for
avoyding
contention
,
(
a
matter
very
dangerous
,
considering
the
present
condition
of
the
time
)
to
tolerate
the
continuance
of
any
other
old
rites
and
traditions
,
wherein
they
should
dissent
from
the
Church
of
Rome
.
But
the
Britans
(
imagining
,
that
he
,
who
at
his
first
comming
,
vsed
them
in
that
disdainefull
manner
,
would
afterwards
,
being
setled
in
a
superintendency
over
them
,
vtterly
despise
them
)
discovered
plainely
their
discontentment
by
their
countenances
,
and
made
a
short
answer
;
that
they
would
neither
observe
those
things
which
he
required
at
their
hands
,
nor
acknowledge
him
for
their
Bishop
:
Whereto
Austen
with
bitter
words
replyed
;
that
sith
they
would
not
receive
peace
when
it
was
offered
,
they
should
ere
long
,
feele
the
heavy
hand
of
war
and
vengeance
vpon
themselves
and
their
posteritie
:
and
so
the
assembly
was
dissolved
.
Not
long
after
,
Austen
the
Arch-bishop
(
wearied
with
care
and
travaile
of
minde
)
fell
sicke
of
a
languishing
disease
:
and
doubting
lest
the
state
of
the
Church
(
being
as
yet
greene
,
and
shaken
with
the
blasts
of
schisme
and
division
)
might
easily
miscarry
for
want
of
a
Pastor
:
he
thought
good
,
while
he
lived
,
to
provide
for
it
,
by
appointing
Laurence
,
a
grave
and
learned
Priest
,
to
succeede
him
in
the
Sea
of
Canterbury
:
and
having
to
that
end
elected
him
,
and
caused
the
election
to
be
published
,
he
departed
this
life
.
His
body
was
buried
in
his
owne
Monastery
,
within
the
Church
,
which
Ethelbert
had
there
erected
,
and
an
inscription
in
Latine
,
was
set
over
the
place
of
his
buriall
,
declaring
his
name
,
and
qualitie
,
and
the
time
,
occasion
,
and
successe
of
his
comming
into
the
I
le
of
Britannie
.
CHAP.
VI.
Ethelbert
the
Prince
,
provideth
for
the
maintenance
of
religious
persons
.
Hee
ordaineth
lawes
for
civill
governement
,
publishing
the
same
in
the
English
tongue
.
Edbald
his
sonne
succeedeth
him
in
the
Principalitie
of
the
Kentish-Saxons
.
His
Apostacie
.
Repentance
.
Death
.
IN
the
meane
while
,
Ethelbert
the
Prince
,
(
persisting
with
great
devotion
in
the
profession
of
the
Christian
faith
)
did
move
very
many
of
his
subiects
to
follow
his
example
therein
:
and
such
persons
(
as
professors
of
one
faith
with
him
)
he
vsed
with
speciall
favour
:
the
rest
that
refused
to
doe
the
like
,
he
would
not
compell
,
saying
;
that
he
had
beene
taught
,
that
The
service
of
Christ
must
be
voluntarie
,
and
not
forced
.
And
as
he
was
very
forward
in
advancing
and
supporting
the
State
ecclesiasticall
,
so
he
was
not
altogether
carelesse
of
the
civill
governement
.
For
by
advice
of
the
wisest
and
best
learned
men
of
his
Province
,
he
made
certaine
constitutions
(
after
the
manner
of
the
Romans
)
and
published
them
in
the
English
tongue
,
to
the
end
his
people
might
vnderstand
them
,
and
(
by
knowing
the
penalties
imposed
vpon
offences
)
more
readily
avoid
the
offences
themselves
.
By
these
lawes
he
provided
first
for
the
weale
and
safegard
of
religious
persons
,
ordaining
restitution
and
severe
punishment
for
such
as
by
theft
or
violence
,
tooke
away
anything
from
Churches
,
Bishops
,
or
Priests
.
For
he
thought
it
very
meete
,
that
he
should
,
by
all
meanes
,
protect
and
prefer
from
worldly
annoyance
,
such
men
as
watched
and
prayed
for
the
health
&
salvation
of
soules
.
And
thus
spending
the
rest
of
his
time
in
the
exercise
of
pietie
and
all
princely
vertues
,
after
he
had
prosperously
raigned
many
years
,
he
ended
his
daies
in
peace
.
He
had
issue
Edbald
,
who
succeeded
him
in
the
governement
:
and
Ethelburga
,
married
to
Edwin
,
Prince
of
Northumbers
.
Edbald
was
(
by
his
fathers
direction
)
trained
vp
in
the
knowledge
of
the
Christian
faith
,
which
(
after
he
had
obtained
the
Principalitie
)
hee
vtterly
renounced
:
being
otherwise
also
defamed
for
divers
notorious
and
detestable
vices
,
whereby
the
greater
number
of
his
subjects
(
following
his
example
)
returned
againe
to
idolatry
,
and
ran
head-long
into
all
kinds
of
enormity
:
from
which
,
(
in
his
fathers
time
)
rather
feare
of
temporall
punishment
,
then
love
of
vertue
and
religion
,
restrained
them
.
Heereupon
Iustus
the
Bishop
of
Rochester
,
and
Melitus
the
Bishop
of
London
,
(
perceiving
this
generall
defection
in
the
Provinces
,
both
of
the
Kentish
and
East-Saxons
,
by
reason
of
Edbalds
Apostacie
,
and
being
vnable
,
eyther
to
direct
,
or
to
oppose
themselves
against
the
streame
of
superstition
,
which
sodainely
brake
in
vpon
them
)
gave
way
to
the
time
,
and
secretly
fled
into
France
,
where
they
remained
till
Edbalds
conversion
:
Laurence
the
Arch-bishop
also
intended
to
have
followed
them
,
but
that
he
was
admonished
by
a
vision
,
(
as
it
is
reported
)
that
hee
should
not
forsake
his
flocke
.
In
the
meane
time
,
Edbald
continuing
his
profane
and
vicious
manner
of
living
,
fell
at
the
last
(
through
distemperature
of
minde
)
into
a
frenzie
,
being
also
possessed
with
an
vncleane
spirit
:
When
the
Arch-bishop
of
Canterbury
taking
courage
,
(
as
in
a
good
cause
)
repaired
boldly
vnto
him
,
&
partly
by
admonition
,
partly
by
exhortation
,
prevailed
so
farre
with
the
Prince
,
as
in
the
end
he
wan
him
to
approve
and
professe
the
truth
of
Christianitie
,
from
which
by
infidelitie
he
had
fallen
:
whereupon
soone
after
ensued
the
recoverie
of
his
bodily
health
,
which
by
many
grievous
infirmities
,
had
beene
a
long
time
much
empaired
.
The
remnant
of
his
life
,
(
after
he
was
rebaptized
)
he
spent
in
devotion
and
deeds
of
charity
,
to
expiate
and
make
satisfaction
for
his
former
impietie
and
Apostacie
.
CHAP.
VII
.
Ercombert
succeedeth
Edbald
in
the
Principality
.
The
institution
of
Lent
.
Honorius
the
Arch-bishop
of
Canterbury
divideth
his
Province
into
Parishes
.
Deusdedit
succeedeth
Honorius
in
the
Sea
of
Canterbury
.
Egbert
ruleth
the
Kentish-Saxons
after
the
death
of
Ercombert
.
Theodorus
the
Arch-bishop
of
Canterbury
expelleth
Wilfrid
out
of
the
Sea
of
York
.
His
learning
in
Divinitie
and
Philosophie
.
His
estimation
in
the
Court
of
Rome
.
THen
Ercombert
his
son
,
(
by
Emma
the
daughter
of
the
King
of
France
)
a
temperate
and
religious
Prince
,
prosecuted
the
worke
which
his
father
had
begun
,
in
reestablishing
the
Christian
faith
within
his
Dominions
The
idolatrous
Priests
he
banished
,
razing
their
Temples
to
the
ground
,
and
erecting
others
for
the
service
of
the
true
God
.
The
subjects
of
his
Realme
(
being
much
inclined
to
excesse
in
eating
and
drinking
)
he
restrained
,
by
commanding
a
publike
fast
,
during
the
space
of
fortie
daies
,
to
be
yeerely
kept
,
for
the
better
exercise
of
devotion
;
which
custome
continueth
among
the
English
even
to
this
day
.
The
Church
of
Canterburie
was
governed
in
his
time
by
Honorius
,
who
first
(
as
it
is
reported
)
divided
his
Province
into
Parishes
,
and
left
his
Sea
to
Deus-dedit
,
the
first
Saxon
Arch
Bishop
,
(
the
former
being
strangers
of
other
nations
;
)
his
owne
name
was
Frithona
,
which
for
his
zealous
inclination
towardes
the
advancement
of
the
Church
and
Common-weale
,
was
changed
into
Deus-dedit
,
as
the
man
whom
God
himselfe
had
specially
given
.
After
him
,
Wighard
was
elected
,
but
died
at
Rome
before
his
consecration
.
Ercombert
the
Prince
,
having
peaceably
ruled
the
Kentish
Saxons
about
foure
and
twenty
yeares
,
ended
his
life
when
the
continuance
thereof
was
most
desired
.
He
had
by
Sexourga
,
(
one
of
the
daughters
of
Anna
,
Prince
of
the
East-Angles
)
a
sonne
named
Egbert
,
that
succeeded
him
in
the
governement
.
Egbert
ruled
the
Kentish-Saxons
with
great
moderation
,
and
had
not
his
hands
beene
defiled
with
the
innocent
blood
of
Elbert
and
Egelbright
,
his
cosin
germans
,
he
might
worthily
have
beene
registred
in
the
number
of
their
best
princes
.
In
his
time
there
lived
Adrianus
the
Abbot
,
and
Theodorus
,
(
a
Graecian
borne
)
then
Arch-bishop
of
Canterbury
,
and
the
last
of
those
that
came
out
of
Italie
.
They
were
men
of
speciall
regard
for
their
learning
and
holinesse
of
life
.
This
Theodorus
began
first
of
all
others
,
to
exercise
his
Pontificall
authoritie
over
all
Britannie
,
placing
and
displacing
Bishops
at
his
pleasure
,
consecrating
(
contrary
to
ordinances
of
the
church
of
Rome
)
Bishops
of
other
Seas
in
the
Citie
of
Yorke
,
and
either
by
force
or
shew
of
right
,
removing
first
Cedda
,
and
afterwards
Wilfrid
,
(
who
had
bin
Bishops
of
that
place
)
pretending
,
that
the
wealth
and
possessions
of
that
Bishopricke
alone
,
were
sufficient
to
maintaine
three
Bishops
,
and
that
it
was
meete
they
should
be
divided
accordingly
:
but
whether
he
did
it
for
the
selfe
same
end
that
was
pretended
,
or
for
envie
at
the
glorie
and
greatnesse
of
that
Sea
,
I
will
not
take
vpon
me
to
censure
.
Howbeit
,
Wilfrid
(
being
thus
expelled
,
and
his
Sea
dismembred
)
exhibited
his
complaint
to
Agatho
,
then
Bishop
of
Rome
;
notwithstanding
he
sought
thereby
,
rather
to
manifest
his
owne
innocency
,
then
to
accuse
Theodorus
.
Whereupon
,
being
in
the
end
acquited
by
judgement
of
the
Court
of
Rome
,
he
was
remanded
into
his
former
seate
,
which
yet
he
could
not
obtaine
,
by
reason
that
Egfrid
,
the
Prince
of
Northumberland
,
refused
to
receive
him
,
while
Theodorus
either
openly
opposed
against
his
re-admission
,
or
cunningly
vnderhand
,
laboured
to
empeach
it
:
the
reputation
of
this
Arch-bishop
,
(
as
of
a
stowt
Prelate
,
and
very
well
learned
both
in
Philosophie
and
Divinitie
)
being
so
great
with
the
Church
of
Rome
in
those
daies
,
as
she
would
not
alter
or
make
frustrate
,
what
he
indirectly
had
established
;
for
further
proofe
whereof
,
also
may
serve
the
verie
testimonie
of
Agatho
,
the
Bishop
of
Rome
,
who
deferred
the
Session
of
the
sixth
Synod
at
Constantinople
,
(
where
the
Bishops
of
all
other
Nations
were
assembled
)
vpon
expectation
onely
of
Theodorus
his
comming
thither
out
of
Britannie
.
CHAP.
VIII
.
Lothar
(
by
intrusion
)
succeedeth
Egbert
his
brother
in
the
governement
.
The
West-Saxons
invade
the
Province
of
Kent
.
Cuthbert
Arch-bishop
of
Canterbury
,
calleth
a
Synod
for
reformation
of
abuses
in
the
Cl●rgy
.
The
succession
of
the
Kentish
Princes
,
from
Lothar
to
Alrich
.
Kent
is
subdued
,
and
annexed
to
the
Principalitie
of
the
West-Saxons
.
AFter
Egbert
,
Lothar
his
brother
vsurped
the
governement
,
which
by
right
appertained
to
Edrick
his
Nephew
,
and
(
seeking
by
force
,
to
keepe
and
maintaine
what
by
wrongfull
intrusion
he
had
gotten
)
was
in
the
end
(
after
many
conflicts
)
wounded
with
a
dart
,
whereof
he
died
.
Then
Edrick
,
the
sonne
of
Egbert
recovered
the
Principalitie
,
which
hee
possessed
with
little
quiet
,
partly
by
reason
of
civill
dissention
among
some
of
his
owne
subjects
,
that
aspired
to
the
governement
,
and
partly
,
for
that
the
Kentish
Territorie
was
then
invaded
by
Moll
,
(
the
brother
of
Ceadwall
,
Prince
of
the
West-Saxons
)
and
divers
valiant
Captaines
his
associates
,
whom
the
Kentishmen
,
by
casting
fire
vppon
their
Tents
,
destroyed
and
consumed
to
ashes
.
Whereupon
Ceadwall
,
to
revenge
his
brothers
death
,
hotly
pursued
the
war
in
Kent
,
and
expulsed
Edrick
the
Prince
,
spoiling
and
burning
Townes
as
he
marched
,
and
chasing
the
inhabitants
from
place
to
place
,
with
little
or
no
resistance
.
By
reason
of
these
troubles
,
the
Province
remained
certaine
yeares
without
a
Governor
,
till
Withred
(
the
sonne
of
Egbert
)
purchasing
peace
with
money
,
obtained
the
Regiment
,
although
Swebherd
at
that
time
held
part
of
the
Province
,
either
by
vsurpation
,
or
composition
.
About
this
time
Berctualdus
governed
the
Sea
of
Canterbury
,
vnto
which
Tatwinus
succeeded
:
and
after
him
Nothelmus
,
who
was
a
speciall
helper
of
venerable
Bede
,
in
furnishing
him
with
notes
and
instructions
for
composing
his
storie
of
the
Church
of
England
.
After
the
death
of
Withred
,
his
three
sonnes
,
Edbert
,
Edelbert
,
&
Alrich
,
ruled
successively
.
During
the
raigne
of
Edbert
the
Prince
,
Cuthbert
was
translated
from
the
Sea
of
Hereford
,
to
the
Archbishopricke
of
Canterbury
,
where
he
sate
about
eighteene
yeares
.
Hee
was
had
in
great
reverence
both
of
religious
and
secular
men
,
in
regard
of
his
holinesse
of
life
,
and
zealous
care
for
reforming
abuses
in
the
Clergie
:
For
to
that
end
he
summoned
a
counsell
of
the
Bishops
and
Prelates
of
the
land
,
at
which
Ethelbert
the
Prince
of
the
Mercians
,
with
the
most
part
of
his
Nobilitie
were
present
.
Alrich
raigned
many
yeares
,
and
fortunately
defended
his
Dominions
against
the
Mercians
,
till
at
the
last
,
he
was
overthrowne
in
battaile
by
Offa
their
Prince
,
who
in
his
owne
person
invaded
the
Province
of
Kent
.
He
died
without
issue
,
being
the
last
Prince
of
the
Kentish
line
,
which
was
cut
in
sunder
with
the
threed
of
his
life
.
Then
Edelbert
,
(
surnamed
Pren
)
vsurping
the
State
,
made
warre
vpon
the
Mercians
,
by
whom
he
was
taken
prisoner
,
and
afterwards
escaped
,
though
(
recovering
his
libertie
)
he
could
not
recover
his
former
dignitie
.
Cuthred
likewise
assum'd
,
for
a
time
,
the
title
of
Prince
,
which
he
left
to
Balbred
his
sonne
.
But
now
the
Provinciall
governement
of
the
Kentish-Saxons
,
(
which
had
continued
about
380.
yeares
)
drawing
on
to
his
fatall
period
:
Egbert
the
West-Saxon
Prince
,
strongly
assailed
the
chiefe
places
of
defence
,
driving
the
Mercians
out
of
the
Province
,
and
forcing
Balbred
also
to
abandon
it
;
by
which
meanes
,
in
the
end
,
making
a
conquest
of
the
whole
Countrie
,
he
vnited
it
to
the
Principalitie
of
the
West-Saxons
.
❧
The
succession
of
the
South-Saxon
Princes
.
-
1
ALla
ruled
about
24.
yeares
,
-
Simen
-
the
two
elder
sonnes
of
Alla.
-
Plening
-
2
Cissa
the
youngest
sonne
of
Alla.
-
3
Edilwalch
the
first
Christian
Prince
.
-
4
Aldin
the
last
Prince
of
the
South-Saxons
.
It
is
very
likely
that
there
were
more
Princes
of
the
South-Saxons
,
though
I
finde
no
certaine
report
of
any
other
then
those
aboue
mentioned
.
❧
The
succession
of
Bishops
in
the
Principalitie
of
the
South-Saxons
.
Bishops
of
Selesey
.
-
681
Wilfrid
(
expulsed
from
his
Sea
in
Northumberland
)
sate
5.
yeares
.
-
686
Hedda
(
who
was
also
at
the
same
time
Bishop
of
Winton
)
sate
19.
yeares
.
-
705
Daniel
(
who
likewise
held
the
Sea
of
Winton
)
sate
6.
yeares
.
-
711
Eadbertus
8.
yeares
.
-
719
Eolla
9.
yeares
.
-
After
the
death
of
Eolla
,
the
Sea
was
void
about
5.
yeares
.
-
733
Sigga
28.
yeares
.
-
761
Alubertus
29.
yeares
.
-
790
Osa
alias
Bosa
(
who
was
Bishop
of
Selesey
,
in
the
time
of
Egbert
the
West-Saxon
Prince
)
sate
27.
yeares
.
The
first
CHAPTER
.
South-Saxons
.
The
principalitie
of
the
South-Saxons
established
by
Ella
.
Cissa
his
yongest
sonne
succeedeth
him
therein
.
Edilwalch
the
first
Christian
Prince
of
the
South-Saxons
.
ELLA
the
Saxon
,
was
one
of
those
Captains
,
which
Hengist
(
vpon
pretence
of
ayding
the
Britans
against
the
Picts
)
had
sent
for
out
of
Germanie
,
while
himselfe
was
making
warre
in
Kent
.
About
the
yeare
of
Grace
478.
being
well
appointed
for
men
,
shipping
,
and
other
warlike
provisions
,
he
arrived
on
the
coast
of
Sussex
(
with
his
three
sonnes
,
Cimen
,
Plening
,
and
Cissa
:
)
and
after
many
sharpe
encounters
with
the
Britans
inhabiting
those
parts
▪
was
constrained
(
by
reason
of
his
ill
successe
in
the
beginning
)
to
send
into
Germanie
for
new
supplies
,
wherewith
he
besieged
[
](A18928-e43280-b)a
a
An
ancient
Citie
seated
in
that
place
,
where
Newenden
in
Kent
now
standeth
.
Andred-Cester
(
a
place
situated
neere
a
verie
great
Forrest
)
the
chiefe
and
most
defensible
fortresse
in
all
the
Southern
parts
,
and
(
having
by
policie
intercepted
the
Brittish
forces
that
came
to
relieve
it
)
entred
the
Citie
by
assault
,
and
put
to
the
sword
,
all
those
that
were
within
:
the
souldiers
ransacking
the
houses
for
bootie
,
murdering
the
inhabitants
,
and
defacing
the
Citie
it selfe
,
whereof
Time
hath
left
no
other
remembrance
to
this
day
,
then
onely
the
name
,
and
calamitie
of
the
place
.
After
this
great
losse
,
the
Britans
sought
rather
to
provide
for
their
owne
saftie
,
by
flying
into
the
woods
,
(
whence
they
might
sallie
forth
vpon
advantage
,
and
retire
themselves
againe
)
then
by
making
open
resistance
,
which
oft-times
procured
apparant
and
irrecoverable
daunger
.
In
the
meane
time
,
Ella
began
to
erect
a
Provinciall
government
over
that
part
of
the
Ile
(
lying
vpon
the
sea
South-ward
(
which
at
this
day
containeth
the
Counties
of
Surrey
,
and
Sussex
:
though
his
successors
by
encroching
vpon
their
neighbor
Princes
,
extended
it
afterwards
even
to
the
Firth
of
Humber
.
After
his
death
,
his
two
elder
sonnes
Cimen
,
and
Plening
(
being
either
slain
in
the
field
,
or
dead
by
course
of
nature
)
Cissa
his
yongest
sonne
was
by
generall
consent
of
the
people
of
his
owne
nation
,
received
as
Governor
.
The
chiefe
seate
of
his
principalitie
,
was
the
Citie
of
Chichester
,
which
he
reedified
,
and
called
by
his
owne
name
.
He
also
fortified
the
place
now
called
Cissburie
in
Sussex
by
casting
a
trench
about
it
for
defence
of
the
Province
.
What
other
things
were
done
by
him
,
as
also
by
the
rest
of
the
South-Saxon
Princes
,
the
Writers
of
the
occurrents
of
that
age
,
have
(
for
the
most
part
)
omitted
,
or
Time
it selfe
hath
vnhappily
bereaved
vs
of
the
knowledge
of
them
.
He
ruled
the
South-Saxons
verie
many
yeares
,
and
died
naturally
:
leaving
the
government
in
peaceable
estate
to
Edilwalch
,
who
succeeded
him
therein
.
Edilwalch
,
by
the
earnest
perswasion
of
Wulfhere
(
the
religious
Prince
of
the
Mercians
)
was
first
moved
to
embrace
the
Christian
faith
:
and
Wulfhere
himselfe
)
being
his
Godfather
)
did
at
the
time
of
his
baptisme
,
give
vnto
him
the
I
le
of
Wight
,
and
another
small
Province
in
the
West
part
of
Britannie
.
CHAP.
II.
Variance
betweene
the
Archbishops
of
Canterburie
,
and
Yorke
.
Wilfrid
chiefe
Bishop
of
the
Northumbers
,
(
expulsed
from
his
owne
sea
at
Yorke
)
flieth
into
Sussex
,
where
he
converteth
the
inhabitants
to
the
Christian
faith
.
He
is
curteously
entertained
by
Edelwalch
the
Prince
,
who
assigneth
to
him
the
I
le
of
Selesey
for
an
Episcopall
sea
.
The
South-Saxons
are
brought
vnder
the
obedience
of
the
West-Saxon
Princes
.
IN
the
meane
time
Wilfrid
,
chief
Bishop
of
the
North-humbers
(
being
expulsed
from
his
sea
at
York
,
by
Theodorus
the
Archbi
.
of
Canterburie
,
&
openly
disgraced
by
Egfrid
,
then
Prince
of
Northumberland
)
appealed
to
the
Court
of
Rome
,
from
which
he
obtained
a
definitive
sentence
,
for
his
justification
,
touching
those
matters
wherewith
he
was
charged
,
and
also
for
his
restitution
and
reestablishment
in
his
Sea
.
But
Egfrid
the
Prince
refused
to
receive
him
,
protesting
against
the
sentence
,
as
vnduly
procured
:
whereupon
Wilfrid
the
Bishop
fled
secretly
into
Sussex
,
and
preached
the
Christian
faith
to
the
South-Saxons
,
whose
Prince
named
Edelwalch
received
him
with
great
joy
,
assigning
vnto
him
for
his
Sea
,
the
I
le
of
Selesey
,
where
afterwards
the
foundation
of
a
Monasterie
was
laid
.
After
the
death
of
Egfrid
Prince
of
the
Northumbers
,
he
was
revoked
,
and
restored
to
his
former
dignitie
,
which
yet
he
enjoyed
not
long
without
interruption
.
He
was
a
man
of
great
courage
,
as
having
beene
continually
exercised
with
troubles
,
and
worldly
incumbrances
,
which
do
commonly
deject
and
oppresse
such
as
yeeld
thereunto
,
but
do
engender
constancie
or
obduracie
in
such
as
encounter
and
oppose
them
.
The
authoritie
of
the
Sea
of
Rome
he
was
euer
stiffely
bent
to
maintaine
.
The
custome
of
celebrating
the
feast
of
Easter
after
the
Roman
maner
he
diligently
taught
and
defended
in
publike
disputation
against
the
Bishops
of
Scotland
,
who
observed
the
vsage
of
the
East
Churches
,
according
to
the
tradition
of
the
Iewes
.
It
is
reported
of
him
,
that
while
he
remained
in
the
Province
of
the
South-Saxons
,
he
instructed
the
rude
poore
people
,
(
dwelling
vpon
the
Sea
coasts
)
in
the
art
of
fishing
with
Nets
,
and
Ginnes
,
by
which
meanes
they
were
relieved
in
the
time
of
famine
,
wherewith
the
Country
was
then
much
afflicted
.
The
province
enjoyed
a
long
time
of
prosperitie
vnder
this
Christian
Prince
,
till
in
the
end
it
was
assailed
by
Ceadwall
,
a
man
of
great
power
and
courage
(
descended
from
the
race
of
the
West-Saxon
Princes
)
who
being
banished
from
his
owne
Country
,
attempted
by
force
to
have
expulsed
Edelwalch
:
and
finally
(
after
many
conflicts
)
slue
him
in
battaile
.
Howbeit
(
the
greatest
number
of
his
owne
forces
being
spent
in
that
warre
)
he
was
afterwards
constrained
to
abandon
the
Province
(
which
Aldin
then
governed
)
till
afterwards
obteyning
the
West-Saxon
Principalitie
,
he
assaied
the
recoverie
of
it
againe
,
and
in
the
end
,
by
conquest
,
annexed
it
to
that
government
,
when
it
had
remained
(
about
three
hundred
yeares
)
vnder
the
obedience
of
the
South-Saxon
Princes
.
The
succession
of
the
Mercian
Princes
.
-
1
Creda
,
the
first
Prince
of
the
Mercians
,
ruled
about
ten
yeares
.
-
2
Wibba
(
the
sonne
of
Creda
,
)
twentie
yeares
.
-
3
Ceorla
(
the
sonne
of
Wibba
)
ten
yeares
.
-
4
Penda
(
surnamed
the
Stowt
)
the
sonne
of
Wibba
,
thirtie
yeares
.
-
5
Peda
,
the
sonne
of
Penda
,
the
first
christian
Prince
.
-
6
Oswin
.
-
7
Wulfere
,
the
brother
of
Peda.
-
8
Ethelred
,
the
brother
of
Wulfhere
.
-
9
Kinred
,
the
sonne
of
Wulfhere
.
-
10
Celred
,
the
sonne
of
Ethelred
.
-
11
Ethelbald
.
-
12
Bartred
.
-
13
Offa
,
the
nephew
of
Ethelbald
.
-
14
Ecfrid
,
the
sonne
of
Offa.
-
15
Kenulph
,
nephew
to
Penda
in
the
fifth
degree
.
-
16
Kenelm
,
a
child
of
seven
yeares
(
the
sonne
of
Ecfrid
)
murdered
by
his
owne
sister
,
and
reputed
a
Martyr
.
-
17
Ceolwulph
,
brother
to
Kenulph
.
-
18
Bernulph
,
defeated
by
Egbert
Prince
of
the
West-Saxons
.
❧
The
succession
of
Bishops
in
the
Principalitie
of
the
Mercians
,
till
the
raigne
of
Egbert
the
first
English
Monarch
.
Bishops
of
Lichfield
,
and
Chester
.
-
656
Diuma
,
(
the
first
Bishop
of
the
Mercians
)
sate
two
yeares
.
-
658
Cella
,
two
yeares
.
-
660
Trumherus
,
five
yeares
.
-
665
Iarumannus
,
foure
yeares
.
-
669
Cedda
,
(
removed
from
the
Sea
of
Yorke
)
three
yeares
.
-
672
Winfridus
,
foure
yeares
.
-
676
Sexulphus
,
sixteene
yeares
.
-
692
Hedda
,
twentie-foure
yeares
.
-
716
Aldwinus
,
twentie
one
yeares
.
-
737
Witta
,
fourteene
yeares
.
-
751
Hemetus
,
thirteene
yeares
.
-
764
Cuthfridus
,
nine
yeares
.
-
773
Bertunus
,
seven
yeares
.
-
780
Higbertus
,
ten
yeares
.
-
790
Aldulfus
,
(
in
the
time
of
Egbert
the
West-Saxon
Prince
)
twentie
foure
yeares
.
Bishops
of
Lindisferne
,
now
called
Holy-Iland
.
-
678
Edhedus
,
sate
one
yeare
.
-
679
Aethelwinus
,
twenty
two
yeares
.
-
701
Edgarus
,
nineteene
yeares
.
-
720
Kenebertus
,
thirteene
yeares
.
-
733
Alwich
,
eighteene
yeares
.
-
751
Aldulphus
,
sixteene
yeares
.
-
767
Ceolwulfus
,
seventeene
yeares
.
-
784
Vnwona
,
two
yeares
.
-
786
Ealdulphus
,
(
after
whose
death
the
Sea
was
void
certaine
yeares
)
lived
about
the
time
of
Egbert
the
West-saxon
Prince
.
Bishops
of
Hereford
,
-
680
Putta
sate
eleven
yeares
.
-
691
Tirthelus
,
twelve
yeares
.
-
703
Tortherus
,
fifteene
yeares
.
-
718
Walstodus
,
eighteene
yeares
.
-
736
Cuthbertus
,
five
yeares
.
-
741
Podda
,
five
yeares
.
-
746
Ecca
,
six
yeares
.
-
752
Cedda
,
six
yeares
.
-
758
Aldbertus
,
eleven
yeares
.
-
769
Esna
six
yeares
.
-
775
Ceolmundus
,
eight
yeares
.
-
783
Vtellus
,
five
yeares
.
-
788
Wulfhardus
(
in
the
time
of
Egbert
the
West-Saxon
Prince
)
twentie
one
yeares
.
Bishops
of
Worcester
.
-
688
Boselus
,
sate
twelve
yeares
.
-
692
Ostforus
,
one
yeare
.
-
693
Egwinus
,
twentie
foure
yeares
.
-
717
Wilfridus
,
twentie
seven
yeares
.
-
744
Mildredus
,
thirtie
two
yeares
.
-
776
Weremundus
,
three
yeares
.
-
779
Wolberus
,
two
yeares
.
-
782
Eathoredus
,
seven
yeares
.
-
789
Denebertus
,
(
in
the
time
of
Egbert
the
West-Saxon
Prince
)
thirtie
three
yeares
.
Bishops
of
the
Middle-English
,
whose
Sea
was
at
Leycester
.
-
692
Wilfrid
,
(
expulsed
from
his
province
of
Northumberland
)
sate
ten
yeares
;
after
whose
departure
the
Sea
of
Leycester
was
governed
by
the
Bishops
of
Lichfield
,
vntill
the
time
of
Totta
.
-
737
Totta
,
twentie
seven
yeares
.
-
764
Edbertus
,
(
in
the
time
of
Egbert
the
West-Saxon
Prince
)
fortie
three
yeares
.
CHAP.
I.
The
Mercians
.
The
principalitie
of
the
Mercians
,
erected
by
Creda
the
Saxon.
Penda
persecuteth
the
Christians
in
his
Province
.
Peda
succeedeth
Penda
his
father
in
the
government
.
He
marrieth
the
daughter
of
Oswin
Prince
of
the
Northumbers
,
and
receiveth
the
Christian
faith
.
THe
middle
part
of
the
I
le
of
Britannie
(
containing
at
this
day
the
Counties
of
Glocester
,
Hereford
,
Worcester
,
Salop
,
Chester
,
Stafford
,
Bathe
,
Warwicke
,
Leycester
,
Rutland
,
Nottingham
,
Northampton
,
Lincoln
,
Huntington
,
Bedford
,
Buckingham
,
Oxenford
,
and
part
of
the
Countie
of
Hertford
)
was
in
ancient
time
possessed
by
the
Angles
,
whom
the
inhabitants
of
the
bordering
Provinces
round
about
did
then
call
Mercians
.
It
was
in
circuit
of
ground
much
larger
then
either
of
the
other
principalities
,
being
at
the
first
diuided
into
three
parts
,
according
to
the
severall
situations
,
namely
the
East
,
West
,
and
Middle
Mercia
.
The
first
Prince
of
the
Mercians
was
Creda
,
who
about
the
yeare
of
Grace
586.
(
either
by
his
owne
force
,
or
by
the
assistance
of
such
Princes
of
his
owne
nation
,
as
were
alreadie
established
in
government
)
expelling
the
Britans
,
obtained
the
principalitie
.
After
him
Wibba
his
sonne
:
then
Ceorla
,
and
Penda
,
the
sonnes
of
Wibba
,
ruled
successively
.
Penda
was
a
Prince
of
a
hautie
spirit
,
and
a
great
persecuter
of
the
Christians
:
he
made
continuall
incursions
vpon
the
borders
of
his
neighbour
Princes
,
exercising
all
kind
of
crueltie
where
he
vanquished
.
Sebert
,
Egricke
,
and
Ana
,
three
Religious
Princes
of
the
East-Angles
,
were
by
him
overthrowne
.
The
Princes
of
Northumberland
,
Edwin
,
and
Oswold
,
he
slue
in
several
battels
.
Oswin
the
successor
of
Oswald
,
after
many
assaults
,
offering
his
richest
Iewels
,
and
a
great
summe
of
monie
,
to
redeeme
his
peace
,
could
not
procure
it
.
For
Penda
▪
had
made
a
solemne
vow
,
that
he
would
never
give
over
the
warre
,
till
he
had
rooted
out
the
whole
Nation
of
the
Northumbers
.
Heruepon
Oswin
perceiving
himself
vnable
to
make
resistance
against
so
power-full
an
enemie
,
prayed
to
God
for
helpe
,
protesting
,
that
,
if
he
obtained
the
victorie
against
the
Mercians
,
his
daughter
Alfrid
,
should
be
consecrated
to
serve
him
in
perpetuall
virginitie
:
and
a
great
quantitie
of
land
should
be
assigned
for
the
erection
and
maintenance
of
Monasteries
:
both
which
(
the
successe
answering
his
desire
)
he
afterwards
performed
.
Peda
the
eldest
sonne
of
Penda
(
in
the
life
of
his
father
)
possessed
that
part
of
the
Province
,
which
was
called
Middle-Mercia
.
He
married
the
daughter
of
Oswin
,
Prince
of
the
Northumbers
,
vpon
condition
that
he
should
receive
the
christian
faith
:
)
whereupon
he
was
baptised
by
Finan
the
Bishop
of
[
](A18928-e46010-b)a
a
Holy-Iland
Lindisfarn
in
the
Province
of
the
Northumbers
:
and
at
his
returne
into
Mercia
,
brought
with
him
certaine
Priests
to
instruct
;
and
baptise
his
people
,
which
Penda
himself
was
contented
to
tollerate
,
either
for
the
affection
which
he
bare
vnto
Peda
his
sonne
,
or
else
for
that
he
could
not
but
approve
the
conversation
of
such
as
taught
Subjects
to
be
humble
,
charitable
,
and
obedient
to
their
superiors
:
by
reason
whereof
,
he
exercised
lesse
crueltie
against
the
professors
of
Christianitie
,
then
in
former
times
he
had
accustomed
:
pursuing
onely
such
persons
,
as
bearing
the
name
of
Christians
,
lived
dishonestly
,
and
irreligiously
,
alledging
that
they
,
who
neglected
the
service
of
that
God
,
in
whom
alone
they
professed
themselves
to
beleeve
,
were
very
wretches
,
and
worthie
of
all
kinds
of
punishment
.
CHAP.
II.
Oswin
Prince
of
the
Northumbers
ruleth
the
Mercians
,
after
the
death
of
Peda
,
till
he
is
deposed
by
Wulfere
,
the
brother
of
Peda.
Lichfield
is
made
a
Bishops
Sea
,
for
the
Province
of
the
Mercians
.
Chadde
is
Bishop
of
that
place
.
Wulfere
is
christned
.
Ethelred
his
brother
succeedeth
him
in
the
Principalitie
.
He
foundeth
a
Bishops
Sea
at
Worcester
.
He
resigneth
his
government
,
and
goeth
to
Rome
,
where
both
himselfe
,
and
Kinred
his
nephew
,
take
vpon
them
the
habit
of
religion
.
Celred
his
sonne
succeedeth
him
.
PEnda
being
slaine
in
battell
,
and
Peda
his
son
made
away
by
the
trecherie
of
his
wife
,
Oswin
alone
possessed
the
government
,
having
at
that
time
also
the
soueraigntie
over
the
South-Saxons
.
The
Picts
,
that
forreyed
the
borders
of
his
Province
,
he
in
short
time
reduced
to
obedience
.
Then
he
provided
for
establishment
both
of
the
Civill
and
Ecclesiasticall
state
,
advancing
the
one
by
execution
of
Iustice
,
and
augmenting
the
other
by
large
Donations
to
Religious
houses
.
He
founded
the
church
of
Lichfield
,
which
he
made
the
Bishops
Sea
for
the
province
of
Mercia
.
Dwina
a
Scottish
man
,
Bishop
of
Holy-Iland
,
was
made
Bishop
also
of
that
Province
(
the
number
of
Priests
being
then
so
smal
,
that
one
man
had
the
charge
of
two
Bishoprikes
.
)
The
fift
Bishop
in
succession
from
Dwina
was
Cedda
;
a
man
much
reverenced
for
his
holinesse
of
life
,
and
after
his
death
,
commonly
called
Saint
Chadde
.
But
the
Mercians
desirous
to
advance
Wulfere
the
brother
of
Peda
to
the
government
,
conspired
against
Oswin
,
and
expulsed
him
by
force
out
of
the
Province
,
which
afterwards
Wulfere
peaceably
enioyed
.
Wulfere
in
the
beginning
of
his
raigne
,
was
a
persecuter
of
the
Christian
faith
.
His
two
sonnes
(
that
went
to
Bishop
Chadde
,
to
be
instructed
therein
)
he
vnnaturally
slue
with
his
owne
hands
:
their
dead
bodies
were
by
Ermenheld
the
Queene
their
mother
,
buried
in
a
Sepulchre
of
stone
,
where
afterwards
a
Church
was
erected
;
the
place
,
by
reason
of
the
multitude
of
stones
that
were
brought
thither
vpon
devotion
by
the
common
people
,
gave
the
name
vnto
the
towne
,
which
is
at
this
day
called
Stone
(
in
the
Countie
of
Stafford
.
)
But
Wulfere
after
his
conversion
to
the
Christian
faith
,
endevoured
(
as
he
thought
)
to
wipe
away
the
guilt
of
that
bloodie
offence
,
with
the
teares
of
repentance
and
satisfactorie
works
of
charitie
,
in
erecting
Churches
,
and
devoting
the
rest
of
his
life
to
the
service
of
God
:
whose
example
therein
,
Ermenheld
his
wife
did
follow
after
his
death
,
sequestring
her self
from
the
world
,
and
taking
vpon
her
the
veile
in
the
Nunrie
at
Ely
,
where
Sexburga
her
mother
was
Abbesse
.
Ethelred
succeeding
Wulfere
his
brother
procured
a
Bishops
Sea
to
be
established
at
Worcester
:
Of
that
place
Bosellus
was
the
first
Bishop
.
In
his
time
diverse
religious
houses
were
erected
,
as
the
Monasterie
of
Euesham
,
(
then
called
Hothe-Holme
)
founded
by
Egwinus
the
second
Bishop
of
Worcester
:
the
priorie
of
Teuksburie
by
Odo
and
Dodo
:
the
Monasterie
of
Glocester
by
Osreck
Bishop
of
Glocester
,
and
divers
others
.
The
King
himselfe
having
raigned
about
thirtie
yeares
,
became
a
Monke
at
Bardony
,
in
the
Countie
of
Lincolne
:
and
Kinred
the
sonne
of
Wulfere
,
(
his
Nephew
)
having
enjoyed
the
governement
fiue
yeares
,
went
to
Rome
,
where
he
tooke
vpon
him
the
habite
of
religion
.
Celred
,
the
sonne
of
Ethelred
,
(
succeeding
him
)
shewed
great
courage
in
his
warres
against
Ina
the
West-Saxon
Prince
,
but
died
before
he
could
finish
it
.
CHAP.
III.
Ethelbald
succeedeth
Celred
in
the
governement
.
He
is
reprooved
by
Bonifacius
an
Englishman
,
(
Bishop
of
Vtricht
in
Holland
)
for
his
lascivious
life
.
His
Repentance
.
Hee
erecteth
the
Monastery
of
Crowland
.
He
is
slaine
in
battaile
.
EThelbald
,
the
successour
of
Celred
,
was
a
professour
of
Christian
religion
,
though
much
addicted
to
wantonnesse
and
sensuall
pleasures
,
for
which
he
was
sharpely
reprooved
by
Bonifacius
an
Englishman
,
(
then
Bishop
of
Vtricht
in
Holland
,
and
afterwards
Arch-bishop
of
[
](A18928-e46750-b)a
a
Mentz
.
Mogunce
in
Germanie
)
who
wrote
vnto
him
,
how
fowle
and
dishonourable
a
thing
it
was
,
that
he
,
which
raigned
over
so
many
Nations
,
should
himselfe
be
the
bondslave
of
fleshly
lust
:
signifying
withall
,
that
those
offences
of
impuritie
which
he
committed
,
were
punished
even
among
the
heathen
with
death
and
cruell
torments
:
that
by
his
ill
example
,
he
corrupted
his
subjects
:
that
God
himselfe
for
those
vices
,
had
plagued
many
Princes
,
both
in
their
own
persons
,
and
in
their
posteritie
:
and
finally
,
that
the
pleasures
of
this
life
,
are
but
short
and
vaine
,
and
the
paines
ordained
for
sinne
,
intolerable
and
eternall
.
He
likewise
admonished
Cuthbert
,
Arch-bishop
of
Canterbury
,
that
hee
should
cause
the
light
habites
of
Priests
and
Nunnes
,
(
who
fashioned
themselves
too
much
after
the
secular
guise
)
to
be
reformed
.
But
Ethelbald
being
stricken
with
compunction
of
heart
,
for
the
lascivious
follies
of
his
youth
,
sought
by
all
good
meanes
to
prevent
those
dangers
;
into
which
,
through
securitie
and
continuance
in
sinne
,
he
doubted
that
he
might
irrecoverably
have
fallen
:
and
first
,
by
the
advise
of
his
Clergie
and
temporall
Nobilitie
,
he
ordained
;
that
all
the
Churches
within
his
Dominions
,
should
be
discharged
of
tribute
,
and
freed
from
all
burthens
and
labours
,
excepting
onely
such
as
were
to
be
vndertaken
for
the
necessary
building
of
Towers
,
Castles
,
and
Bridges
,
for
the
defence
and
generall
good
of
the
Province
;
in
which
case
,
none
were
to
be
exempted
:
and
that
persons
professed
in
religion
,
should
enioy
the
profits
of
their
lands
entirely
,
and
not
be
constrained
to
make
any
other
payments
out
of
the
same
vnto
the
Prince
.
About
that
time
also
,
Cuthbert
Arch-bishop
of
Canterbury
,
by
the
advice
of
Bonifacius
,
the
Arch-bishop
of
Mogunce
,
made
certaine
constitutions
for
the
governement
of
the
Clergie
,
vnder
his
jurisdiction
:
by
which
(
amongst
other
things
)
it
was
ordered
,
that
the
holy
Scriptures
should
be
vsually
read
in
Monasteries
:
that
Priests
should
be
no
buiers
nor
sellers
of
worldly
commodities
:
that
they
should
receive
no
rewards
for
administring
the
Sacraments
:
that
there
should
be
an
vniformitie
among
them
in
the
observation
of
Ecclesiasticall
ceremonies
:
that
they
should
both
learne
themselves
,
and
teach
others
the
Lords
praier
,
&
the
articles
of
the
Christian
faith
in
the
English
tongue
,
and
that
none
should
be
admitted
to
holy
Orders
,
but
such
persons
,
whose
conversation
and
maner
of
living
was
first
examined
and
approoved
.
In
the
meane
time
,
Ethelbald
the
Prince
(
partly
of
his
owne
religious
inclination
,
and
being
partly
moved
by
the
examples
of
his
predecessors
)
caused
a
great
and
goodly
Monastery
to
be
erected
at
Crowland
in
the
Countie
of
Lincolne
,
where
,
for
that
the
ground
was
fennie
,
and
vnable
to
support
the
weight
of
a
stone
building
,
many
huge
piles
of
Oke
were
driven
into
the
Marish
,
and
hard
earth
(
brought
thither
about
nine
miles
by
water
)
was
rammed
in
with
the
piles
,
wherevpon
the
foundation
of
the
Church
was
laid
:
such
was
the
zeale
of
Princes
in
those
dayes
,
as
they
could
levell
Mountaines
,
convert
fennie
bogs
into
firme
land
,
and
alter
,
in
a
maner
,
the
verie
course
of
nature
:
no
cost
seeming
too
much
,
no
labour
too
great
,
nor
any
thing
impossible
that
they
had
a
will
to
effect
.
When
he
had
reigned
aboue
fortie
yeares
,
Cuthred
the
West-Saxon
Prince
,
invaded
the
territorie
of
the
Mercians
:
during
the
continuance
of
which
warres
,
Ethelbald
was
slaine
by
Bartred
(
a
person
notorions
for
his
crueltie
)
and
was
afterwards
buried
in
the
famous
Monasterie
of
Rippon
:
howbeit
Bartred
soone
lost
that
which
he
had
ill
gotten
:
for
he
was
also
slaine
by
Offa
the
Nephew
of
Ethelbald
,
who
succeeded
him
in
the
government
.
CHAP.
IIII.
The
Mercians
.
Offa
ruleth
the
Mercians
.
He
foundeth
the
Monasterie
of
Saint
Albans
.
He
maketh
a
ditch
to
divide
the
Territories
of
the
English
and
Walshmen
.
Kenelmus
the
Martyr
.
The
Catalogue
of
the
Mercian
Princes
,
from
Offa
,
vntill
the
West-Saxons
obtained
their
Principalitie
.
OFfa
was
a
warlike
Prince
,
and
for
the
most
part
fortunate
.
Kineulph
the
West-Saxon
Prince
he
overthrew
in
a
setbattaile
:
and
Ethelbert
Prince
of
the
East-Angles
,
he
surprized
vnder
colour
of
friendship
,
and
after
his
death
,
vsurped
that
Province
.
Howsoever
ambition
and
desire
of
glorie
,
transported
him
beyond
the
limits
of
his
owne
Principalitie
:
yet
was
he
a
great
benefactor
to
the
Church
:
for
he
erected
a
faire
Monasterie
in
the
honour
of
Saint
Alban
,
neere
the
Towne
that
now
beareth
the
Martyrs
name
,
and
richly
endowed
it
by
his
Charter
;
He
founded
also
the
Abbey
of
Bathe
:
the
Archi-Episcopall
Sea
,
he
translated
from
Canterburie
to
Lichfield
,
(
the
chiefe
seat
of
the
Mercian
government
,
)
where
it
continued
but
a
short
time
.
Betweene
Wales
and
the
borders
of
his
Province
he
caused
a
ditch
to
be
made
for
defence
against
the
incursions
of
the
Britans
,
whom
the
Saxons
then
called
Walsh
,
which
in
their
language
signifieth
(
stranger
.
)
Elfrid
his
sonne
succeeding
him
,
reigned
but
one
yeare
.
Then
Kenulph
(
descended
from
Penda
the
Tyrant
)
obtained
the
regiment
.
He
assailed
the
territorie
of
the
Kentish-Saxons
,
and
tooke
prisoner
Egbert
their
Prince
,
whom
afterwards
he
freely
delivered
,
vpon
the
selfe
same
day
that
he
dedicated
the
Church
at
Winchelcombe
,
whereof
he
was
the
founder
:
adding
that
speciall
Act
of
clemencie
to
the
other
exercises
of
prayer
and
fasting
,
then
ordinarily
vsed
at
such
dedications
.
In
the
Cittie
of
Hereford
also
,
he
founded
a
Church
which
he
consecrated
to
Saint
Ethelbert
.
Kenelm
,
sonne
of
Ecfrid
,
being
about
the
age
of
seven
yeares
was
slaine
by
Quinda
his
owne
sister
,
that
aspired
to
the
government
,
and
dying
innocently
,
was
afterwards
reputed
a
Martyr
.
Then
Ceolworth
the
brother
of
Kenulph
,
having
raigned
but
one
yeare
,
was
expulsed
the
Principalitie
,
by
Bernulph
:
and
Bernulph
himselfe
,
(
after
three
yeares
)
defeated
by
Egbert
the
West-Saxon
Prince
.
Then
Lucan
defending
himselfe
against
the
West-Saxons
,
was
assailed
,
and
overthrowne
by
the
East-Angles
.
Withlasm
for
a
time
withstood
the
West-Saxons
,
but
in
the
end
submitted
himselfe
to
their
subiection
,
which
he
acknowledged
by
the
payment
of
a
yearely
Tribute
.
After
his
death
,
Berthulf
possessed
the
principalitie
,
with
like
conditions
,
till
being
assailed
by
the
Pirates
of
Denmarke
,
he
was
constrained
for
safegard
of
his
life
,
to
abandon
the
Countrie
.
Burdred
succeeded
Berthulf
,
both
in
estate
and
fortunes
:
for
being
chased
out
of
Mercia
by
the
Danes
,
he
fled
to
Rome
,
where
he
died
.
Then
was
some
part
of
the
principalitie
assigned
by
the
Danes
to
Ceolwolph
,
who
held
it
of
them
by
homage
:
till
Alfred
the
nephew
of
Egbert
the
West-Saxon
Prince
,
entred
the
Province
with
an
armie
,
and
expulsing
both
Ceolwolph
and
the
Danes
,
reduced
it
vnder
the
obedience
of
the
West-Saxons
.
❧
The
succession
of
the
East-Saxon
Princes
.
-
1
Erchenwin
held
the
province
of
the
East-Saxons
,
as
feodatarie
to
the
Princes
of
Kent
.
-
2
Sledda
,
the
sonne
of
Erchenwin
.
-
3
Sebert
,
the
sonne
of
Sledda
,
the
first
Christian
Prince
.
the
sonnes
of
Sebert
ruled
ioyntly
.
-
Serred
,
-
Seward
,
-
Sigbert
,
-
4
Sigebert
,
(
surnamed
the
Little
)
the
sonne
of
Seward
.
-
5
Sigbert
,
the
sonne
of
Sigebald
,
(
brother
of
Sebert
.
)
-
6
Sigher
.
-
7
Sebbi
.
-
8
Sigeherd
,
the
sonne
of
Sebbi
.
-
9
Seofride
,
the
brother
of
Sigeherd
.
-
10
Offa
,
the
sonne
of
Sigeherd
.
-
11
Celred
.
-
12
Suthred
,
defeated
by
Egbert
,
Prince
of
the
West-Saxons
.
❧
The
succession
of
the
Bishops
of
London
in
the
Province
of
the
East-Saxons
.
-
604
Melitus
,
the
first
Bishop
(
sent
from
Rome
)
sate
thirteene
yeares
,
after
whose
translation
,
the
Sea
was
void
about
fortie
yeares
.
-
658
Cedda
,
eight
yeares
.
-
666
Wina
,
(
translated
from
the
Sea
of
Winton
)
9.
yeares
.
-
675
Erkenwaldus
,
twenty
two
yeares
.
-
697
Waldherus
,
eighteene
yeares
.
-
715
Ingualdus
,
thirtie
one
yeares
.
-
746
Egwulfus
,
eight
yeares
.
-
754
Wighedus
,
seven
yeares
.
-
761
Eadbrichtus
,
eleven
yeares
.
-
775
Deora
,
nine
yeares
.
-
784
Eadbaldus
,
eleven
yeares
.
-
795
Heathobertus
,
(
in
the
time
of
Egbert
the
West-Saxon
Prince
)
eighteene
yeares
.
The
first
CHAPTER
.
East-Saxons
.
The
principalitie
of
the
East-Saxons
,
erected
by
Erchenwin
.
Sebert
the
first
Christian
Prince
.
Miletus
the
first
Bishop
of
the
East-Saxons
,
hath
his
Sea
at
London
.
Saint
Pauls
church
there
founded
by
Ethelbert
(
the
first
Christian
Prince
of
the
Kentish-Saxons
.
)
The
Church
at
Westminster
founded
by
Sebert
.
Cedda
(
afterward
called
St.
Chadde
)
preacheth
the
Gospel
to
the
East-Saxons
.
Sigher
and
Sebbi
,
ioyntly
rule
the
Province
.
ERchenwin
was
the
first
of
all
the
Saxons
,
that
erected
a
Provinciall
government
among
the
East-Saxons
,
who
then
inhabited
those
parts
,
which
now
containe
the
Counties
of
Essex
,
Middlesex
,
and
part
of
the
Countie
of
Hartford
:
all
which
,
both
himself
and
his
successors
many
yeares
togither
held
by
homage
of
the
Kentish
Princes
,
as
of
their
superiour
Lords
.
This
Prince
having
reigned
a
long
time
(
with
what
successe
,
I
find
no
certaine
report
,
)
left
the
government
to
Sledda
his
sonne
,
who
,
to
strengthen
his
estate
by
affinitie
,
married
Ricula
,
the
daughter
of
Ermerick
the
Prince
of
Kent
,
by
whom
he
had
issue
Sebert
that
succeeded
him
.
Sebert
governed
peaceably
the
Province
of
the
East-Saxons
,
which
in
his
time
was
converted
to
Christianitie
:
for
in
the
yeare
of
Grace
604.
Miletus
was
sent
by
Augustin
the
Archbish.
to
preach
the
faith
of
Christ
to
that
people
,
and
had
the
Cittie
of
London
assigned
to
him
for
his
Episcopall
Sea
,
where
Ethelbert
the
Kentish
Prince
erected
a
Church
,
which
he
dedicated
to
Saint
Paul
,
endowing
it
with
large
possessions
:
and
Sebert
(
following
his
example
therein
)
founded
an
other
at
the
West
end
of
the
citie
,
where
afterwards
,
a
Monasterie
was
builded
:
The
place
at
that
time
(
being
environed
with
water
,
and
overgrowen
with
thornes
)
was
called
Thorney
,
and
afterwards
(
by
reason
of
the
situation
thereof
)
the
West-Minster
.
It
is
reported
that
in
more
ancient
times
there
had
beene
a
Temple
of
Apollo
,
which
being
overthrowen
by
an
Earth-quake
,
Lucius
the
first
Christian
Prince
of
the
Britans
,
reedified
and
converted
to
a
Church
for
the
exercise
of
the
Christian
Religion
.
Sebert
(
having
spent
the
most
part
of
his
time
after
his
conversion
)
in
deedes
of
Charitie
and
Devotion
,
ended
his
life
,
and
was
buried
in
that
Church
,
togither
with
his
wife
Ethelgoda
.
Serred
,
Seward
,
and
Sigbert
his
sonnes
,
ruled
ioyntly
the
province
of
the
East-Saxons
.
They
were
all
men
of
disordered
conversation
,
and
open
despisers
of
religious
rites
:
for
,
being
not
yet
baptised
,
they
would
have
receyved
the
Sacrament
of
Christs
bodie
:
wherein
,
for
that
Miletus
the
Bishop
had
opposed
himself
against
them
,
they
expelled
him
from
his
Sea
at
London
,
and
themselves
soone
after
were
by
Kinegles
the
West-Saxon
Prince
,
deprived
both
of
government
,
and
life
.
Sigebert
,
surnamed
the
Little
,
the
sonne
of
Seward
,
succeeded
in
the
principalitie
,
which
in
short
time
he
left
to
Sigbert
,
(
the
nephew
of
Sebert
(
the
first
Christian
Prince
of
the
East-Saxons
:
)
Sigbert
was
by
perswasion
of
Oswin
chiefe
governor
of
the
Northumbers
,
converted
from
Paganisme
to
Christianitie
,
wherein
he
was
confirmed
,
by
Cedda
,
a
devout
learned
man
,
that
then
preached
to
the
East-Saxons
,
and
recovered
many
of
them
,
which
(
after
the
expulsion
of
Miletus
)
had
fallen
from
the
faith
.
He
was
afterwards
by
Finan
(
the
Bishop
of
Holy-Iland
)
consecrated
bishop
of
the
East-Saxons
:
amongst
whom
,
he
preached
the
Gospell
of
Christ
without
interruption
,
till
such
time
as
Sigbert
the
Prince
,
(
procoring
the
dislike
of
his
Subjects
,
for
that
he
shewed
too
much
clemency
to
the
Mercians
his
enemies
)
was
trecherously
murdered
by
one
of
his
owne
kindred
.
After
his
death
,
Swidhelin
,
the
sonne
of
Sexbald
,
obtained
the
regement
,
and
was
baptised
by
Cedda
the
Bishop
.
Then
Sigher
&
Sebbi
ruled
togither
,
but
not
with
absolute
authoritie
,
for
at
that
time
they
acknowledged
allegeance
to
Wulfere
Prince
of
the
Mercians
.
In
those
dayes
great
plague
and
mortalitie
fell
vpon
the
Inhabitants
of
the
Province
,
and
Sigher
(
renouncing
the
faith
)
fell
to
Idolatry
,
which
in
a
short
time
greatly
encreased
,
till
Iarumanus
the
Bishop
of
Lichfield
,
and
certain
priests
(
being
sent
thither
by
Wulfere
to
that
end
)
laboured
with
all
diligence
to
stop
the
course
thereof
,
and
in
the
end
suppressed
it
.
CHAP.
II.
The
Devotion
,
Chastitie
,
and
Chiritie
,
of
Sebbi
the
Prince
.
The
maner
of
his
death
.
Offa
resigneth
the
government
,
and
goeth
to
Rome
,
where
he
entreth
into
Religion
.
Egbert
the
West-Saxon
Prince
,
obtaineth
the
principalitie
of
the
East-Saxons
.
IN
the
meane
time
Sebbi
,
and
the
people
vnder
his
obedience
,
(
notwithstanding
the
relapse
of
their
Country-men
)
persisted
constantly
in
the
faith
of
Christ
:
and
Sebbi
himselfe
by
praying
,
fasting
,
and
Almes
ceeds
,
East-Saxons
.
manifested
his
owne
earnest
desire
to
maintaine
the
same
:
being
so
strongly
possessed
with
the
spirit
of
zeale
,
and
love
of
Chastitie
,
as
he
perswaded
his
wife
to
a
separation
,
whereby
they
might
serve
God
with
more
puritie
of
heart
:
and
his
pietie
and
humilitie
was
had
in
such
estimation
,
even
among
the
religious
persons
,
as
they
reputed
him
more
meete
to
have
beene
a
Priest
,
then
a
Prince
.
After
he
had
(
with
much
difficultie
obtained
his
wives
consent
for
a
separation
)
he
bestowed
the
greatest
part
of
his
worldly
wealth
vpon
the
poore
:
reserving
nothing
for
himselfe
(
besides
his
necessarie
maintenance
)
but
onely
the
expectation
of
a
future
recompence
.
In
his
time
lived
Erkenwald
a
godly
Priest
,
who
was
afterward
Bishop
of
London
.
He
founded
two
Monasteries
,
the
one
for
himselfe
,
at
Chartsey
in
Surrey
,
and
the
other
for
Ethelburga
his
sister
at
Barking
in
Essex
.
Sebbi
having
ruled
about
thirtie
yeares
,
fell
sicke
of
a
grieuous
and
verie
painfull
disease
;
by
reason
whereof
,
doubting
lest
●hrough
frailtie
of
the
flesh
,
he
might
burst
out
into
any
intemperate
speeches
,
or
do
any
other
thing
vnseemely
for
his
person
&
profession
,
he
desired
Waldher
the
successor
of
Erkenwald
,
(
then
Bishop
of
London
)
by
prayers
and
ghostly
counsaile
to
assist
him
in
his
agonies
,
and
that
no
more
then
himselfe
,
and
two
of
his
Chaplains
onely
might
be
present
at
the
time
of
his
departure
:
so
great
a
care
had
this
religious
Prince
in
well
finishing
that
race
,
which
he
had
prosperously
continued
the
most
part
of
his
life
:
and
in
preventing
all
occasions
of
scandall
to
the
faith
which
he
professed
.
His
bodie
was
buried
in
the
church
of
Saint
Paul
in
London
,
and
then
Sigeherd
,
and
Seofrid
his
two
sonnes
,
successively
ruled
the
Province
of
the
East-Saxons
.
After
them
it
was
governed
by
Offa
,
the
sonne
of
Sigeherd
,
who
married
Geneswede
the
daughter
of
Penda
Prince
of
the
Mercians
.
The
possessions
belonging
to
the
Church
of
Westminster
,
he
greatly
augmented
,
and
(
resigning
the
governement
to
Celred
)
went
to
Rome
,
where
he
ended
his
life
in
a
Religious
house
.
Celred
succeeded
Offa
,
maintaining
the
state
of
the
Province
in
peace
,
till
in
the
end
he
was
slaine
:
but
in
what
maner
,
or
by
whom
,
I
find
no
mention
.
Then
Suthred
(
either
by
right
of
succession
,
or
by
election
)
obtained
the
governement
,
which
he
enioyed
but
a
short
time
;
for
Egbert
the
West-Saxon
Prince
,
invaded
at
one
time
the
Provinces
both
of
the
East
and
Kentish
Saxons
,
and
in
the
end
brought
them
vnder
his
subjection
:
albeit
the
Citie
of
London
remained
vnder
obedience
of
the
Princes
of
Mercia
,
so
long
as
that
principalitie
continued
.
The
succession
of
the
Princes
of
the
East-Angles
.
-
1
Vffa
.
-
2
Titill
.
-
3
Redwald
,
an
Apostatae
.
-
4
Carpenwald
,
the
sonne
of
Redwald
.
-
5
Sebert
,
the
brother
of
Carpenwald
.
-
6
Egrick
the
kinsman
of
Sebert
.
-
7
Ana.
-
8
Athelhere
,
the
brother
of
Ana.
-
9
Adelwald
.
the
sonnes
of
Athelhere
,
ruled
ioyntly
.
-
Aldulph
,
-
Elohwold
,
-
Hisberna
,
-
10
Ethelbert
.
1.
-
11
Ethelbert
2.
-
12
Offa.
-
13
S.
Edmund
.
❧
The
succession
of
Bishops
in
the
Principalitie
of
the
East-Angles
.
-
636
Faelix
a
Burgundian
Bishop
of
Dunwich
,
sate
twelve
yeares
.
-
648
Thomas
(
his
Deacon
)
five
yeares
.
-
653
Bonifacius
,
alias
Birtgilsus
,
seventeene
yeares
.
-
670
Bisi
.
After
Bisi
,
the
bishopricke
was
divided
into
two
Seas
.
¶
Dunwich
.
|
¶
North-Elmeham
.
|
671
Aecca
,
twentie
three
yeares
.
|
Beadwinus
.
|
696
Aesculfus
,
twentie
foure
yeares
.
|
Northbertus
.
|
720
Eadberctus
,
sixteene
yeares
.
|
Heatholacus
.
|
736
Cuthwinus
,
eleven
yeares
.
|
Eahelfridus
.
|
747
Aldbertus
,
foure
yeares
.
|
Lamfertus
.
|
771
Eglafus
,
eight
yeares
.
|
Athelwulfus
.
|
779
Eadredus
,
six
yeares
.
|
Hunfertus
.
|
785
Althunus
,
three
yeares
.
|
Sibba
.
|
788
Titfridus
,
twentie
yeares
.
|
Alherdus
.
|
CHAP.
I.
East-Angles
.
The
Principalitie
of
the
East-Angles
erected
by
Vffa
.
Faelix
a
Burgundian
,
preacheth
the
faith
to
the
East-Angles
.
His
Episcopall
sea
at
Dunwich
in
Suffolke
.
Sebert
the
first
Christian
Prince
,
resigneth
his
government
to
Egrick
,
and
entreth-into
a
Monasterie
,
from
whence
he
is
drawne
forth
by
his
subiects
,
when
the
Mercians
invade
his
Province
.
He
is
slaine
in
battaile
with
Egrick
,
whom
Ana
succeedeth
in
the
government
.
THe
Counties
of
Norfolke
,
Suffolke
,
and
Cambridge
,
with
the
I
le
of
Ely
,
were
the
ancient
habitations
of
the
East-Angles
;
among
whom
,
Vffa
(
about
the
yeare
of
Grace
492.
)
established
a
principalitie
,
which
he
left
vnto
Ti●il
,
of
whom
little
or
nothing
is
recorded
,
save
onely
the
name
and
title
.
Then
Redwald
succeeding
him
,
entred
into
league
with
Edwin
,
advauncing
him
to
the
government
of
the
Northumbers
,
after
the
death
of
Edelfrid
their
Prince
,
whom
Redwald
had
slain
in
battaile
.
He
was
afterwards
(
by
the
exhortation
of
Edwin
the
Prince
,
)
converted
to
Christianitie
,
from
which
he
was
within
a
short
time
withdrawne
by
his
wi●es
perswasion
,
though
Dorwald
one
of
his
sonnes
persevering
therein
,
was
cruelly
murdered
by
Rochbert
a
Pagan
:
and
Carpenwald
his
other
sonne
(
succeeding
his
father
in
the
government
)
participated
with
his
brother
in
his
fortune
;
for
he
was
slaine
by
the
same
man
,
and
in
the
same
maner
.
Then
Sebert
his
brother
obtained
the
government
.
During
the
raigne
of
Carpenwald
,
he
lived
as
a
banished
man
in
France
,
where
he
was
first
instructed
in
the
Christian
Religion
.
In
his
time
,
Foelix
the
Burgundian
came
into
Britannie
,
and
made
suite
to
Honorius
the
Archbishop
of
Canterburie
,
that
he
might
be
licensed
to
preach
the
Gospel
to
the
East-Angles
:
whereto
the
Archbishop
(
approving
his
zealous
intention
)
willingly
assented
;
and
so
the
Christian
faith
within
few
yeares
was
dispersed
throughout
the
Province
,
by
the
diligence
and
labor
of
Foelix
,
whom
the
inhabitants
reverenced
as
a
man
,
that
(
being
himselfe
happie
both
in
name
and
condition
)
had
power
also
to
make
others
happie
.
He
was
made
Bishop
of
Dunwich
in
Suffolke
,
which
being
then
but
a
small
town
,
became
afterwards
very
rich
and
populous
,
and
was
governed
according
to
the
maner
of
the
ancient
and
best
Cities
.
Many
religious
houses
(
the
fruits
of
devotion
in
that
age
)
were
at
sundry
times
erected
in
the
place
.
There
was
also
a
Mint
wherein
a
certaine
coine
(
with
the
inscription
of
the
name
of
the
Citie
)
was
stamped
.
But
time
hath
worne
out
in
a
maner
the
remembrance
of
these
things
at
this
day
,
and
the
sea
hath
devoured
the
greatest
part
of
the
building
.
It
continued
an
entire
Bishops
Sea
,
but
a
while
;
for
Bisi
(
the
fourth
Bishop
in
succession
from
Foelix
)
divided
it
into
two
Bishopricks
:
the
one
of
Dunwich
,
the
other
of
Holinham
.
In
the
meane
time
Sebert
,
(
imitating
the
example
of
the
Kentish
Saxons
)
provided
meanes
,
that
the
children
born
within
his
Dominions
,
might
be
trained
vp
in
learning
,
and
religion
,
erecting
Schooles
,
and
allowing
stipends
for
the
maintenance
of
Teachers
.
He
was
also
a
great
benefactor
to
Hospitals
,
and
Religious
houses
,
and
in
the
end
(
resigning
the
government
to
Egrick
his
kinsman
)
hee
entred
into
a
Monasterie
,
(
whereof
himselfe
had
beene
the
founder
)
and
there
remained
peaceably
,
till
(
by
the
treacherous
practise
of
Athelhere
,
one
of
his
nobilitie
)
Penda
the
Mercian
Prince
,
with
an
armie
of
Pagans
,
invaded
his
Province
;
for
then
was
hee
forcibly
drawne
thence
by
his
owne
subjects
,
who
(
finding
themselves
too
weake
to
resist
their
enemies
)
brought
Sebert
himselfe
into
the
field
:
supposing
,
perhaps
,
that
his
personall
presence
would
encourage
his
people
to
fight
with
more
resolution
:
but
in
that
battaile
,
the
East-Angles
were
overthrowne
,
and
both
Sebert
and
Egrick
his
cosin
slaine
.
The
like
successe
in
the
selfe
same
manner
befell
Ana
,
who
succeeded
Egrick
in
the
Principalitie
.
CHAP.
II.
Athelhere
the
brother
of
Ana
,
ruleth
the
East-Angles
.
He
is
slaine
by
Oswin
,
Prince
of
the
Northumbers
.
S.
Ethelbert
is
murdered
by
Offa
,
Prince
of
the
Mercians
.
Offa
having
made
a
voyage
into
the
Holy-Iland
,
dieth
in
his
returne
homewards
.
Edmund
succeedeth
Offa
in
the
governement
.
The
Martyrdome
of
S.
Edmund
by
the
Pagan
Danes
.
The
Monastery
of
S.
Edmunds
.
bury
in
Suffolke
erected
.
The
Principalitie
of
the
East-Angles
annexed
to
that
of
the
West-Saxons
.
THen
Athelhere
the
brother
to
Ana
,
assumed
the
governement
,
but
preventing
his
time
in
the
getting
of
it
,
he
lost
it
againe
ere
he
was
fully
s●led
:
for
,
as
by
combining
with
Penda
the
Pagan
〈◊〉
had
beene
a
meanes
to
hasten
the
death
of
his
〈◊〉
,
hee
and
kinsman
:
East-Angles
.
so
his
owne
blood
(
together
with
Pendaes
)
was
soone
after
shed
by
Oswin
,
Prince
of
the
Northumbers
.
Adelwald
his
brother
with
little
better
fortune
succeeded
him
,
leaving
the
Principalitie
to
Aldulf
,
Elohwold
&
Hisberna
,
(
the
sonnes
of
his
brother
Athelhere
,
)
who
by
civill
discention
,
(
supplanting
one
another
)
made
way
for
Ethelbert
to
attaine
the
government
.
Ethelbert
by
his
wife
Laonorine
,
had
a
sonne
of
his
owne
name
that
succeeded
him
.
Ethelbert
the
second
,
was
a
Prince
much
renowmed
for
learning
and
piety
.
He
governed
the
Province
with
great
wisedome
and
prosperous
successe
,
till
by
the
perfidious
dealing
of
Offa
,
the
Mercian
Prince
,
he
was
shamefully
murdered
.
For
being
betrothed
to
Alfride
,
the
daughter
of
Offa
,
(
who
ambitiously
affected
the
Principality
of
the
East-Angles
)
he
was
vnder
colour
of
friendship
,
invited
to
a
feast
,
where
Offa
(
by
the
perswasion
of
his
wife
)
commanded
his
head
to
be
cut
off
,
and
his
body
to
be
buried
in
the
banke
of
a
river
.
By
this
dishonourable
act
,
the
Mercians
obtained
the
Province
.
But
Offa
,
being
afterwards
touched
with
sorrow
and
compunction
of
heart
for
committing
it
,
caused
Ethelberts
body
to
be
taken
vp
,
and
to
be
conveied
to
the
Citie
of
Hereford
,
(
not
farre
from
the
place
where
he
was
slaine
)
and
there
to
be
very
solemnly
enterred
:
supposing
thereby
to
expiate
in
part
,
the
guilt
of
his
former
offence
:
Afterwards
a
Church
was
there
built
,
and
dedicated
to
Ethelbert
by
the
name
of
a
Saint
.
Then
Offa
vndertooke
a
voyage
to
the
Holy-land
,
and
passing
through
Saxony
,
was
there
received
with
great
ioy
by
Alkemond
the
King
his
kinsman
,
and
Syware
his
wife
:
at
that
time
he
adopted
Edmund
,
the
son
of
Alkemond
,
to
be
his
heire
,
and
to
succeede
him
in
the
Principalitie
of
the
East-Angles
,
which
did
soone
after
fall
vnto
him
;
for
Offa
in
his
returne
from
the
Holy-land
,
ended
his
life
at
Port
St.
George
:
whereupon
Edmund
speedily
repaired
into
Britannie
,
where
he
was
received
by
the
East-Angles
,
as
their
Prince
.
In
his
time
Hinguar
&
Hubba
,
the
two
Danish
Pirates
,
invaded
Northumberland
;
and
Hinguar
having
enriched
himselfe
with
the
spoyles
of
that
Country
,
sailed
towards
the
coast
of
the
East-Angles
,
where
(
afterwards
landing
)
hee
surprized
their
chiefe
Citie
,
consuming
it
by
fire
.
The
Citizens
also
,
without
respect
of
age
or
sect
,
he
cruelly
murdered
,
and
in
the
end
,
tooke
Edmund
the
Prince
,
whom
first
the
Pagan
Danes
perswaded
to
renounce
the
profession
of
Christianitie
.
But
when
they
could
neither
by
promises
of
assurance
of
life
and
safetie
,
nor
by
threats
and
terror
of
death
,
prevaile
with
him
therein
,
they
beate
him
with
staves
,
scourged
him
with
whips
,
and
vsed
him
with
all
kindes
of
barbarous
in
civilitie
and
crueltie
,
which
the
religious
Prince
with
great
meekenesse
and
patience
,
endured
cheerefully
,
calling
vpon
the
name
of
Iesus
,
as
reioycing
for
his
sake
,
to
suffer
those
torments
and
indignities
.
The
Pagans
seeing
his
great
constancie
and
courage
,
were
transported
with
furie
,
and
at
the
last
,
wounded
him
with
their
shafts
,
which
they
shot
at
him
,
till
his
body
was
covered
over
with
them
.
The●
they
cut
off
his
head
and
cast
it
into
a
bush
.
His
body
(
being
afterwards
found
)
was
enterred
at
Bury
in
folke
,
where
a
goodly
Monastery
was
erected
and
●●●dicated
to
him
,
(
the
ruines
therof
remaining
yet
to
this
day
.
)
After
his
death
,
the
Principalitie
of
the
East-Angles
was
possessed
by
the
Danes
about
50.
yeares
,
till
Edward
(
the
sonne
of
Etheldred
)
the
West-Saxon
Prince
expulsing
them
,
annexed
both
that
Province
&
the
country
of
the
East-Saxons
,
(
adjoyning
to
it
)
vnto
his
owne
government
.
❧
The
succession
of
the
Princes
of
the
Northumbers
.
-
1
Ida.
-
2
Alla.
-
3
Ethelrick
the
younger
sonne
of
Ida.
-
4
Ethelfrid
the
brother
of
Ethelrick
.
-
5
Edwin
the
first
Christian
Prince
.
-
6
Osric
.
-
7
Eanfrid
.
-
8
Oswald
(
the
Martyr
)
brother
of
Eanfrid
.
-
9
Oswin
the
brother
of
Oswald
the
Martyr
.
-
10
Adilwald
the
sonne
of
Oswald
the
Martyr
.
-
11
Egfrid
the
sonne
of
Adilwald
.
-
12
Alfred
the
bastard
sonne
of
Oswin
.
-
13
Osred
the
sonne
of
Alfred
.
-
14
Osric
.
-
15
Kenred
.
-
16
Ceolnulph
.
-
17
Egbert
.
-
18
Oswolf
.
-
19
Moll
.
-
20
Alered
.
-
21
Etheldred
.
-
22
Aelfwold
.
-
23
Osred
.
❧
The
succession
of
Bishops
in
the
Principalitie
of
the
Northumbers
.
Arch-bishops
of
Yorke
.
-
625
Paulinus
sate
nine
yeares
.
-
666
Cedda
three
yeares
.
-
669
Wilfrid
nine
yeares
.
-
678
Bosa
nine
yeares
.
-
687
Wilfrid
(
restored
)
foure
yeares
.
-
691
Bosa
fourteene
yeares
.
-
705
Ioannes
sixteene
yeares
.
-
721
Wilfridus
two
yeares
.
-
738
Egbertus
nine
and
twenty
yeares
.
-
767
Ethelbertus
thirteene
yeares
.
-
780
Eanbaldus
1.
sixteene
yeares
.
-
796
Eanbaldus
2.
sixteene
yeares
.
Bishops
of
Lindisfarn
(
Holy-Iland
.
)
-
635
Aidanus
sate
seventeene
yeares
.
-
652
Finanus
nine
yeares
.
-
661
Colmannus
three
yeares
.
-
664
Tuda
two
yeares
.
-
666
Cedda
three
yeares
.
-
669
Wilfridus
nine
yeares
.
-
678
Eata
five
yeares
.
-
685
Cuthbertus
two
yeares
.
-
687
Wilfridus
(
restored
)
one
yeare
.
-
688
Eadbertus
ten
yeares
.
-
698
Eadfridus
twentie
three
years
.
-
721
Aethelwoldus
nineteen
years
.
-
740
Kinewulfus
thirty
nine
years
.
-
779
Higbaldus
twenty
foure
years
.
Bishops
of
Haugustald
(
Hexham
.
)
-
678
Eata
sate
two
yeares
.
-
680
Tumbertus
five
yeares
.
-
686
Ioannes
one
yeare
.
-
687
Wilfridus
foure
yeares
.
-
691
Ioannes
(
after
Wilfrids
expulsion
.
)
-
705
Wilfrid
(
restored
)
foure
yeares
.
-
709
Acca
thirtie
yeares
.
-
739
Frithebertus
twenty
seven
yeares
.
-
766
Alhmundus
fourteene
yeares
.
-
780
Tilherus
nine
yeares
.
-
789
Aethelbertus
eight
yeares
.
-
797
Heardredus
three
yeares
.
-
800
Heanbertus
ten
yeares
.
Bishops
of
Whit-hern
in
Scotland
.
-
723
Pethelmus
sate
thirteene
yeares
.
-
736
Frithewaldus
twenty
seven
yeares
.
-
763
Pechtwinus
fourteene
yeares
.
-
777
Aethelbertus
thirteene
yeares
.
-
790
Beadwulfus
.
CHAP.
I.
The
Northumbers
.
The
Principalitie
of
the
Northumbers
divided
into
two
Provinces
,
namely
Deira
and
Bernitia
,
which
are
vnited
by
Ethelrick
.
Ethelfrid
defeateth
the
Britans
,
and
killeth
the
Monks
of
Bangor
.
Edwin
the
first
Christian
Prince
.
Paulinus
preacheth
the
faith
to
the
Northumbers
,
and
hath
a
Sea
assigned
him
at
Yorke
.
The
death
of
Edwin
.
THe
Principalitie
of
the
Northumbers
,
extended
northward
,
over
all
that
part
of
the
land
,
which
at
this
day
containeth
the
Counties
of
Lancaster
,
Yorke
,
Durham
,
Cumberland
,
Westmerland
and
Northumberland
:
all
which
were
possessed
by
the
Angles
,
and
divided
into
two
Regiments
,
whereof
the
one
was
called
Deira
,
and
the
other
Bernitia
.
Bernitia
was
bounded
with
the
river
Tyne
and
Edenborough
Firth
:
and
Deira
with
the
Tyne
and
Humber
.
When
Hengist
was
setled
in
the
possession
of
the
Kentish
governement
,
he
sent
Octa
his
brother
,
and
Ebusa
his
sonne
,
to
vndertake
the
conquest
of
those
parts
,
which
with
verie
much
difficultie
they
obtained
.
The
Province
afterwardes
,
(
during
the
space
of
ninetie
and
nine
yeares
)
was
governed
by
certaine
Dukes
or
Captaines
,
who
held
the
same
by
homage
of
the
Kentish-Saxons
.
About
the
yeare
of
grace
547.
Ida
erected
a
Principalitie
in
Deira
,
and
Alla
his
kinsman
succeeded
him
therein
:
for
at
that
time
,
Adda
the
eldest
sonne
of
Ida
,
ruled
the
Bernicians
.
Alla
governed
Deira
many
yeares
:
but
little
mention
is
made
of
him
,
save
onely
that
in
his
time
,
the
English
Nation
was
first
made
knowne
to
Gregorie
,
then
Arch-deacon
of
the
Sea
Apostolike
,
who
(
being
afterwards
Bishop
of
Rome
)
sent
Augustin
the
Monke
into
Britannie
,
to
preach
the
Gospel
of
Christ
vnto
the
inhabitants
there
.
Ethelrick
,
the
younger
sonne
of
Ida
,
succeeded
Alla
in
the
government
of
Deira
:
and
in
short
time
adioyned
thereto
,
the
Province
of
Bernicia
:
making
of
them
both
,
one
entire
Principality
,
which
he
left
to
Ethelfrid
his
brother
.
Ethelfrid
was
a
valiant
and
victorious
Prince
.
Hee
made
continuall
warre
vppon
the
Britans
that
inhabited
the
borders
of
his
Province
,
and
(
chasing
them
from
their
habitations
)
planted
his
owne
subjects
therein
.
But
Aidan
the
King
of
Scots
,
suspecting
the
neighbourhoode
of
so
mightie
an
enemie
,
assayed
by
force
,
to
empeach
his
further
passage
Northward
,
till
by
the
Northumbers
,
(
being
fewer
in
number
then
the
Scottes
)
hee
was
in
battaile
overthrowne
.
Then
Ethelfrid
,
incouraged
with
this
good
successe
,
remooved
the
warre
to
Chester
,
where
the
Britans
in
great
number
had
assembled
themselves
to
make
resistance
:
but
,
while
the
Monks
and
other
religious
persons
were
praying
there
,
that
the
Britans
their
countrymen
might
speed
and
prosper
well
in
that
enterprize
,
Ethelfrid
with
his
forces
furiously
assayled
them
,
putting
to
the
sword
about
one
thousand
and
two
hundred
religious
persons
of
the
Monastery
of
Bangor
,
&
driving
the
rest
of
the
Britans
into
the
woods
and
marishes
:
(
many
of
them
perishing
by
the
hand
of
the
enemie
,
before
they
could
recover
those
places
.
)
When
Ethelfrid
had
raigned
about
twentie
seven
yeares
,
he
was
slaine
in
a
battaile
by
Redwald
,
Prince
of
the
East-Angles
:
and
left
behind
him
seven
sonnes
,
whom
Edwin
(
that
succeeded
in
the
government
)
dispossessed
,
and
banished
out
of
the
Province
.
Edwin
was
by
Boniface
the
Bishop
of
Rome
exhorted
to
embrace
the
Christian
faith
,
and
in
the
yeare
of
Grace
6●6
.
Paulinus
(
the
third
Bishop
of
Rochester
in
succession
)
was
appointed
by
Iustus
the
Archbishop
of
Canterburie
to
preach
the
Gospel
vnto
the
Northumbers
,
and
to
be
their
Bishop
:
to
which
end
also
,
Edbald
the
Prince
of
the
Kentish-Saxons
,
had
by
letters
recommended
him
to
Edwin
his
brother
in
law
.
In
the
mean
time
,
Evichelm
the
West-Saxon
Prince
,
(
ambitiously
affecting
the
soveraigntie
of
the
Northumbers
)
practised
with
Eumer
(
a
man
easily
corrupted
for
desire
of
gaine
)
to
murder
Edwin
the
Prince
:
for
the
execution
of
which
detestable
purpose
,
Eumer
with
a
poysoned
weapon
hidden
vnder
his
garment
,
assailed
the
Prince
,
and
had
slaine
him
in
the
place
,
if
Lilla
had
not
thrust
himselfe
betweene
his
person
,
and
the
danger
;
and
,
(
by
making
himselfe
the
memorable
example
of
a
faithfull
servant
)
preserved
his
masters
life
with
the
losse
of
his
owne
.
In
revenge
of
this
trecherous
act
,
Edwin
invaded
the
territory
of
the
West-Saxons
,
&
(
after
a
great
slaughter
of
the
Inhabitants
of
that
Province
)
reduced
the
most
part
of
it
vnder
his
obedience
.
Then
,
to
shew
the
fruits
of
his
conversion
to
Christianitie
,
he
gave
vnto
Paulinus
the
Citie
of
Yorke
,
to
be
a
Bishops
Sea
,
for
him
and
his
successors
:
laying
the
foundation
of
the
Cathedrall
Church
of
Saint
Peter
,
which
was
afterwards
finished
by
Oswald
.
About
the
same
time
also
,
Paulinus
himselfe
erected
the
great
Church
at
Lincoln
.
This
prince
in
felicitie
of
government
,
excelled
all
his
predecessors
:
he
was
greatly
beloved
and
honored
of
his
people
,
and
no
lesse
feared
of
his
neighbor
Princes
,
who
(
for
the
most
part
)
held
their
Provinces
of
him
by
homage
.
The
Roman
Banner
Tufa
was
carried
before
him
in
token
of
triumph
,
as
well
in
times
of
peace
,
as
warre
.
It
is
not
to
be
forgotten
,
that
he
caused
certain
cups
of
Iron
,
and
Brasse
,
to
be
set
by
cleare
Wels
and
fountaines
,
running
by
high
wayes
,
for
the
vse
of
Pilgrims
,
and
Travailers
:
which
Cups
remained
long
after
in
those
places
,
no
man
attempting
to
convey
them
away
,
either
for
the
reverence
they
bare
vnto
the
Prince
,
(
by
whose
appointment
they
were
set
there
)
or
else
that
they
made
a
conscience
to
convert
to
their
private
commoditie
,
such
things
as
were
ordained
for
a
publike
good
.
But
Edwin
having
reigned
about
seventeene
years
,
was
in
the
end
assailed
at
one
time
,
both
by
Penda
the
Prince
of
the
Mercians
,
and
Ceadwall
the
Brittish
Prince
,
till
,
with
the
losse
of
his
life
,
he
made
an
end
of
the
warre
.
CHAP.
II.
Oswald
ruleth
the
Northumbers
.
He
is
slaine
in
battaile
against
Penda
the
Mercian
Prince
.
He
is
honoured
with
the
title
of
a
Martyr
.
Oswin
his
brother
succeedeth
him
.
A
Bishops
Sea
at
Lichfield
.
Egfrid
the
Prince
,
removeth
Bishop
Wilfrid
from
his
Sea
at
Yorke
.
Ceolnulph
and
Egbert
,
successively
ruling
,
give
over
the
government
to
enter
into
Religion
.
Venerable
Bede
liveth
in
the
time
of
Ceolnulph
.
The
Northumbers
are
brought
vnder
the
subiection
of
the
West-Saxons
.
AFter
his
death
,
the
Principalitie
of
the
Northumbers
was
dismembred
againe
:
For
Osrick
the
sonne
of
Elfrick
.
(
Prince
Edwins
vncle
)
held
onely
the
government
of
Deira
,
and
Eanfrid
the
sonne
of
Ethelfrid
,
commanded
the
Bernicians
.
Both
these
Princes
forsaking
the
Christian
faith
,
fell
to
Idolatrie
,
and
were
slain
in
battell
by
Ceadwall
the
Brittish
Prince
,
that
spoiled
&
wasted
the
country
of
Northumberland
,
til
Oswald
(
the
brother
of
Eanfrid
)
opposed
himselfe
against
the
power
of
the
Britans
,
whose
Captaine
Ceadwall
,
with
the
greatest
number
of
his
forces
,
perished
in
the
field
.
After
this
victorie
,
Oswald
possessed
the
Province
in
peace
,
and
then
sent
for
Aidan
a
Scottish-man
,
to
preach
the
Christian
faith
vnto
his
people
,
assigning
to
him
Holy-Iland
for
his
Sea
.
The
Inhabitants
of
Deira
and
Bernicia
(
who
for
the
hatred
which
they
bare
one
to
another
,
had
submitted
themselves
to
severall
heads
)
he
wisely
reconciled
,
and
vniting
them
in
affection
,
brought
them
vnder
the
obedience
of
one
governor
.
He
was
a
zealous
professor
of
the
Catholike
Religion
,
which
he
endevoured
to
establish
throughout
all
his
Dominions
.
When
he
had
raigned
about
eight
yeares
,
he
was
killed
in
a
conflict
with
Penda
the
Mercian
Prince
,
a
cruell
Pagan
,
who
commanded
his
head
and
armes
to
be
cut
from
the
rest
of
his
bodie
,
and
in
reprochfull
maner
,
to
be
hanged
vp
vpon
high
polles
:
by
reason
whereof
,
and
for
his
holy
conversation
while
he
lived
,
he
was
after
his
death
honoured
with
the
title
of
a
Martyr
.
Then
Oswin
the
brother
of
Oswald
succeeding
him
,
was
much
incumbred
,
partly
by
the
invasion
of
the
Mercians
,
and
partly
by
the
rebellion
of
his
own
sonne
Elfrid
.
Adilwald
(
the
sonne
of
Oswald
the
Martyr
)
attempted
by
force
to
have
recovered
the
Province
:
and
Oswy
the
sonne
of
Osrick
(
sometime
governor
of
Deira
)
being
trecherously
delivered
into
his
hands
,
he
caused
to
be
murdered
.
He
fought
oft
times
with
fortunate
successe
against
the
Mercians
,
whom
(
after
he
had
vanquished
Penda
)
he
procured
to
be
instructed
in
the
christian
faith
:
and
the
better
to
strengthen
his
purpose
therin
,
he
erected
the
Church
at
Lichfield
to
be
the
Bishops
Sea
for
that
Province
.
After
he
had
raigned
about
thirtie
two
yeares
,
he
ended
his
life
in
peace
.
Then
Egfrid
his
son
ruled
the
Northumbers
.
He
married
Mildred
,
one
of
the
daughters
of
Ana
Prince
of
the
East-Angles
.
It
is
reported
of
her
,
that
(
living
with
her
husband
about
twelve
yeares
)
she
continued
all
that
time
,
both
a
wife
,
and
a
virgin
;
and
in
the
end
tooke
vpon
her
the
vaile
of
a
Nun
at
Ely
,
where
she
erected
a
Monasterie
,
and
was
her selfe
the
first
Abbesse
.
In
the
meane
while
Egfrid
removed
Wilfrid
from
his
Bishopricke
at
Yorke
,
appointing
two
other
Bishops
over
the
Northumbers
for
their
better
instruction
in
the
knowledge
of
Religion
.
In
his
time
diverse
Synods
were
called
by
Theodorus
,
then
Archbishop
of
Canterburie
,
for
reformation
of
abuses
in
the
Church
,
for
approbation
of
the
five
first
general
Councels
,
and
for
the
condemnation
of
the
heresie
of
Eutyches
,
who
denied
the
humanitie
of
Christ
.
Not
long
before
his
death
,
he
made
warre
vpon
Edelfrid
Prince
of
the
Mercians
,
with
whom
he
was
afterwards
reconciled
,
by
mediation
of
Theodorus
the
Archbishop
:
and
then
he
converted
his
forces
against
the
Irish
and
Scottish-men
,
(
inhabiting
the
Northern
Iles
)
of
whom
he
made
a
great
slaughter
:
and
the
yeare
following
(
making
warre
vpon
the
Picts
,
contrarie
to
the
advice
of
Cuthbert
the
Bishop
)
he
was
slaine
by
some
of
his
enemies
that
lay
in
ambush
to
surprise
him
.
Then
Alfrid
(
the
Bastard
sonne
of
Oswin
)
succeeded
him
,
repairing
the
decaied
state
of
the
Northumbers
,
though
he
could
not
recover
all
that
the
Picts
,
Scottishmen
,
and
Britans
,
had
gotten
from
them
in
his
brothers
time
.
Osred
his
sonne
(
of
the
age
of
eight
yeares
)
possessed
the
government
,
till
he
was
murthered
by
his
kinsmen
,
Kenred
and
Osrick
,
who
divided
the
Principalitie
between
them
;
till
falling
at
civil
discord
among
themselves
,
the
one
supplanted
the
other
:
by
which
means
,
Kenred
alone
ruled
the
Northumbers
,
about
two
yeares
.
Then
Osrick
(
obtaining
the
government
)
elected
Ceolnulph
the
brother
of
Kenred
to
be
his
successor
:
Ceolnulph
after
he
had
ruled
the
Province
eight
yeares
,
and
obtained
many
victories
against
his
enemies
,
gave
over
the
regiment
,
and
became
a
Monke
in
Holy-Iland
.
About
this
time
lived
Benedict
the
Priest
,
who
first
taught
the
Saxons
the
art
of
painting
,
glasing
,
&
Masonrie
.
In
the
raigne
of
Ceolnulph
,
Venerable
Bede
,
(
the
ornament
of
that
age
for
learning
and
pietie
)
flourished
in
Britannie
.
He
writ
the
historie
of
the
English
church
,
and
dedicated
it
vnto
Ceolnulph
the
Prince
.
Then
Egbert
the
cosin-german
of
Ceolnulph
(
imitating
the
example
of
his
predecessor
)
forsooke
the
world
,
and
entred
into
Religion
.
His
brother
(
bearing
the
same
name
)
was
then
Archbishop
of
Yorke
,
where
he
founded
a
famous
Librarie
.
Oswolf
,
Moll
,
Alered
,
Etheldred
,
Aelfwold
,
and
Osred
,
raigned
successively
with
like
fortune
,
for
the
most
part
;
for
they
were
all
either
slaine
,
or
deposed
by
their
own
subjects
,
except
Etheldred
,
who
was
afterwards
restored
to
the
government
,
which
yet
he
enjoyed
not
long
:
For
(
within
four
yeares
after
)
he
was
miserably
slaine
.
After
his
death
the
Province
was
wasted
,
either
by
cruell
dissention
,
or
forreine
invasion
by
the
space
of
thirtie
yeares
;
during
which
time
,
Eardulph
,
Alfwold
,
Eandred
,
Ethelred
,
Readulph
,
Osbert
,
and
Elle
,
vsurped
the
title
of
Princes
.
Readulph
,
Osbert
,
and
Elle
,
were
slaine
at
Yorke
by
the
Danish
Pyrates
,
Hinguar
and
Hubba
,
whom
Benbokard
(
in
revenge
of
the
indignitie
offred
to
him
by
Osbert
,
that
had
ravished
his
wife
)
had
stirred
vp
to
vndertake
that
enterprise
.
But
about
the
yeare
of
grace
800.
the
Danes
were
expelled
,
&
the
Northumbers
brought
vnder
the
subiection
of
Egbert
the
West-Saxon
Prince
.
The
succession
of
the
West-Saxon
Princes
.
-
1
Cerdic
.
-
2
Kenric
his
sonne
.
-
3
Ceaulin
,
the
sonne
of
Kenric
.
-
4
Cearlick
,
the
nephew
of
Ceaulin
.
-
5
Ceolnulph
.
-
6
Kinegles
,
the
first
Christian
Prince
.
-
7
Guichelin
,
the
sonne
of
Kinegles
.
-
8
Cuthred
,
the
sonne
of
Guichelin
.
-
9
Kennewalch
,
the
yonger
sonne
of
Kinegles
.
-
10
Sexburga
,
the
widdow
of
Kennewalch
.
-
11
Eascwin
,
the
nephew
of
Kinegles
.
-
12
Kenewin
,
the
yongest
sonne
of
Kinegles
.
-
13
Ceadwall
.
-
14
Ina.
-
15
Ethelard
.
-
16
Cuthred
.
-
17
Sigebert
.
-
18
Kenulph
.
-
19
Britric
.
-
20
Egbert
.
❧
The
succession
of
Bishops
in
the
Principalitie
of
the
West-Saxons
.
Bishops
of
Dorchester
.
-
635
Birinus
sate
fifteene
yeares
.
-
650
Agilbertus
,
ten
yeares
.
-
660
Wina
,
sate
at
Winton
ten
yeares
.
-
670
Leutherius
,
seven
yeares
.
-
686
Hedda
,
twentie
eight
yeares
.
-
705
Daniel
,
(
who
was
also
Bishop
of
Selesey
)
sate
fortie
yeares
.
-
745
Humfertus
,
ten
yeares
.
-
755
Kinewardus
,
twentie
five
yeares
.
-
780
Aethel●ardus
,
eleven
yeares
.
-
791
Egbaldus
,
foure
yeares
.
-
795
Dudda
,
two
yeares
.
-
797
Kinebertus
,
eleven
yeares
.
Bishops
of
Shireburn
.
-
705
Aldelmus
,
sate
five
yeares
.
-
710
Fortherus
,
twentie
seven
yeares
.
-
736
Herewaldus
,
nineteene
yeares
.
-
756
Aethelmodus
,
twentie
two
yeares
,
-
788
Denefrithus
,
twentie
one
yeares
.
-
798
Wibertus
,
twentie
yeares
.
CHAP.
I.
West-Saxons
.
The
Principalitie
of
the
West-Saxons
,
established
by
Cerdic
.
Berinus
preacheth
the
Christian
faith
to
the
West-Saxons
.
The
towne
of
Dorchester
assigned
to
him
for
a
Bishops
Sea
.
Kinegles
the
first
Christian
Prince
.
Winchester
is
made
a
Bishops
Sea
by
Kennewalch
the
West-Saxon
Prince
.
Ceadwall
(
resigning
the
governement
to
Ina
)
goeth
to
Rome
,
where
he
dieth
.
THe
West-Saxons
tooke
the
addition
of
their
name
from
the
situation
of
place
,
as
inhabiting
the
Westerne
part
of
the
I
le
;
wherein
at
this
day
,
are
contained
the
Counties
of
Cornwall
,
Devon
,
Dorset
,
Wilton
,
Southampton
,
and
Berk.
About
the
yeare
of
grace
509.
Cerdic
(
with
Kenric
his
sonne
,
and
a
warlike
companie
of
Saxons
)
arrived
in
Britannie
,
where
they
were
encountred
by
Natanleod
a
Brittish
Prince
,
neere
a
shallow
brooke
,
(
afterwards
called
Cerdics-foord
)
and
now
by
contraction
of
speech
,
Chardfoord
.
The
fortune
of
that
bataile
,
determined
the
hope
of
the
Britans
,
and
established
the
Saxons
in
possession
of
the
greatest
part
o●
those
Countries
:
over
which
,
Cerdic
and
Kenric
ruled
with
equall
authoritie
,
enlarging
their
dominions
by
the
conquest
of
the
I
le
of
Wight
:
the
governement
whereof
,
was
assigned
by
Cerdic
,
to
Stuffa
and
Withgar
his
nephewes
.
After
the
father
and
sonne
had
ruled
joyntly
about
seventeene
yeares
,
Cerdic
(
ending
his
life
by
course
of
nature
)
left
the
entire
Principalitie
to
Kenric
his
sonne
.
Kenric
was
oft
times
assailed
by
the
Britans
,
who
attempted
the
recoverie
of
their
antient
possessions
,
but
could
not
prevaile
:
and
the
Province
being
otherwise
free
from
annoyance
,
was
peaceably
governed
during
his
time
.
Then
Ceaulin
his
sonne
succeeding
him
,
made
warre
vpon
Ethelbert
the
Kentish
Prince
:
in
the
prosecution
whereof
,
Oslave
and
Cnebban
(
two
valiant
Captaines
of
the
Kentish
Saxons
)
were
slaine
,
and
Cutholp
his
brother
,
made
head
against
the
Britans
;
from
whom
,
he
recovered
divers
Forts
and
Cities
,
which
they
had
gotten
in
the
Territorie
of
the
Mercians
.
But
while
Ceaulin
was
making
warre
abroad
,
Cearlic
(
his
brother
G●tholps
sonne
)
kindled
a
rebellion
within
the
Province
,
and
by
force
,
vsurped
the
governement
about
five
yeares
.
After
the
death
of
Cealric
,
Ceolnulph
the
sonne
of
Cutha
,
(
the
sonne
of
Ceaulin
)
recovered
the
Principalitie
.
In
the
beginning
of
his
raigne
,
the
Province
of
the
West-Saxons
was
invaded
,
both
by
the
Britans
,
&
also
by
the
Scottishmen
and
Picts
.
The
East-Angles
likewise
at
the
same
time
assailed
it
:
but
Ceolnulph
,
having
appeased
these
troubles
,
and
(
beginning
a
new
warre
against
the
South-Saxons
)
died
before
he
could
fully
finish
it
,
leaving
the
prosecution
thereof
to
Kinegles
his
sonne
:
who
with
good
successe
vndertooke
the
warre
,
and
(
having
overthrowne
the
Britans
)
converted
his
forces
against
Penda
the
Mercian
Prince
;
with
whom
(
after
each
had
tried
the
others
strength
in
battaile
)
he
concluded
a
peace
.
In
the
yeare
of
grace
635.
he
imbraced
the
Christian
faith
,
and
was
baptised
by
Berinus
,
who
first
preached
the
Gospel
to
the
West-Saxons
:
(
Oswald
Prince
of
the
Northumbers
,
being
his
godfather
at
his
baptisme
.
)
The
Citie
of
Dorchester
was
by
Kinegles
and
Oswald
,
assigned
to
Berinus
,
for
the
Bishops
Sea
of
that
Province
.
Then
Guichelin
,
the
sonne
of
Kinegles
,
and
Cuthred
,
the
sonne
of
Guichelin
,
ruled
successively
,
and
were
both
baptised
by
Berinus
the
Bishop
.
After
them
,
Kennewalch
(
the
yonger
sonne
of
Kinegles
)
obtained
the
governement
.
He
married
the
sister
of
Penda
the
Mercian
Prince
,
and
afterwards
put
her
away
:
whereupon
Penda
,
(
to
revenge
the
indignitie
offered
to
his
sister
)
made
warre
vpon
him
,
and
drave
him
out
of
the
Province
,
which
he
afterwards
recovered
by
the
assistance
of
Ana
,
Prince
of
the
East-Angles
:
for
Kennewalch
,
during
the
troubles
in
his
owne
dominions
,
had
fled
thither
,
and
was
there
baptised
by
Faelix
the
Bishop
.
He
founded
the
Cathedrall
Church
at
Winchester
,
to
be
the
Bishops
Sea
for
the
Province
of
the
West-Saxons
,
and
appointed
Wi●a
to
be
the
first
Bishop
of
that
place
.
Hee
gave
also
to
the
Abbot
Aldelmus
,
the
towne
of
Mal●esbury
,
where
(
by
the
helpe
of
Elutherius
,
that
succeeded
Wi●●
in
the
Bishopricke
of
the
West-Saxons
)
he
erected
a
faire
Monasterie
,
of
which
,
William
of
Malmesbury
,
(
who
wrote
in
Latine
part
of
the
English
History
)
was
sometimes
a
Monke
.
After
his
death
,
Sexburga
his
wife
held
the
Principalitie
:
but
(
finding
that
by
reason
of
the
weakenesse
of
her
sexe
,
she
was
vnable
to
support
so
weightie
a
burthen
)
she
soone
gave
it
over
,
and
went
into
a
Nunnery
in
the
I
le
of
Shepey
,
which
her selfe
had
founded
.
Then
Eascwin
(
the
nephew
of
Kinegles
)
succeeded
.
He
began
a
warre
against
Wolpher
the
Mercian
Prince
,
with
whom
he
fought
a
set
battaile
.
What
other
things
were
done
by
him
worthy
remembrance
,
I
finde
little
reported
.
Then
Kenewin
(
the
youngest
sonne
of
Kinegles
)
ruled
the
West-Saxons
.
He
was
oft
times
annoyed
by
the
Britans
,
whom
in
the
end
he
chased
into
the
vtmost
parts
of
the
Province
Westward
.
Ceadwall
the
nephew
of
Ceaulin
,
possessing
the
government
,
subdued
the
Province
of
the
South-Saxons
,
and
wasted
the
Kentish
Territories
:
in
the
pursuit
of
which
warre
,
he
gave
vnto
the
Church
(
even
before
he
was
baptised
)
the
tenths
of
all
those
spoiles
which
hee
tooke
.
Wherein
,
howsoever
his
intention
may
be
censured
,
yet
the
example
is
no
way
,
justifiable
,
considering
it
is
written
;
That
hee
which
offereth
vnto
God
the
goods
of
the
innocent
,
doth
as
it
were
sacrifice
the
Son
in
the
●ight
of
the
Father
.
After
hee
had
subdued
the
I
le
of
Wight
,
he
sent
thither
Wilfrid
the
Bishop
,
to
instruct
the
inhabitants
in
the
knowledge
of
Christian
religion
:
and
being
wearied
with
worldly
affaires
,
resigned
the
governement
to
Ina
,
and
went
to
Rome
;
where
he
was
baptised
by
the
name
of
Peter
,
and
soone
after
ended
his
life
.
His
body
was
buried
in
the
Church
of
Saint
Peter
,
and
(
over
the
place
where
he
was
〈◊〉
)
the
inscription
of
his
name
and
condition
was
engraven
.
CHAP.
II.
Ina
succeedeth
Ceadwall
in
the
governement
of
the
West-Saxons
.
Peter
Pence
first
paied
to
Rome
.
The
Bishopricke
of
the
West-Saxons
divided
into
two
Seas
.
Lawes
made
by
Ina
the
Prince
.
The
Church
at
Wells
made
a
Bishops
Sea
.
The
first
arrivall
of
the
Danes
in
Britannie
,
in
the
time
of
Britric
▪
Egbert
the
West-Saxon
Prince
,
subdueth
divers
provinces
,
which
he
annexeth
to
his
〈◊〉
Principalitie
.
INa
was
lineally
descended
from
the
West-Saxon
Princes
.
He
was
a
Prince
of
great
courage
and
wisedome
,
and
for
the
most
part
fortunate
in
his
attempts
:
For
〈…〉
Prince
,
he
withstood
by
open
forc●
the
Kentish-Saxons
(
being
weakned
by
many
forme●
assaults
)
he
constrained
with
great
summes
of
money
,
to
purchase
peace
at
his
hands
:
and
the
Province
of
the
〈…〉
,
after
the
death
of
Anth●●
their
Prince
,
〈…〉
in
battaile
)
he
reduced
wholly
vnder
his
obedience
.
Then
he
manifested
his
good
inclination
,
to
support
and
advance
the
state
of
the
Church
:
to
which
end
,
he
〈…〉
at
W●ll●
,
that
was
afterwards
〈◊〉
to
a
Bishops
Sea
.
He
builded
also
anew
,
the
Abbey
of
〈◊〉
,
bestowing
great
cost
vpon
the
Church
there
,
which
he
caused
to
be
very
●ichly
garnished
with
gold
and
〈…〉
for
the
religious
persons
.
He
instituted
a
certaine
yeerely
payment
to
the
Sea
of
〈◊〉
,
●●ipyning
every
〈◊〉
of
his
Read
me
▪
(
that
〈…〉
This
payment
was
first
called
the
Kings
Almes
,
and
afterwards
the
Peter
pence
.
In
his
time
the
Bishopricke
of
the
West-Saxons
,
becomming
voide
,
was
divided
into
two
Seas
,
whereof
the
one
remained
at
Winchester
,
and
the
other
was
established
at
Shirborn
.
He
made
many
good
lawes
both
for
the
administration
of
justice
in
civill
causes
,
and
also
for
the
governement
of
the
Church
:
some
of
which
(
even
in
these
our
daies
)
are
extant
in
the
Saxon
tongue
.
After
he
had
raigned
a
long
time
in
great
prosperity
,
he
was
perswaded
by
Ethelburga
his
wife
,
to
resigne
the
Principalitie
to
Ethelard
his
kinsman
,
and
to
goe
to
Rome
;
where
afterwards
,
professing
voluntary
poverty
,
he
ended
his
latter
daies
in
as
lowly
and
meane
estate
,
〈◊〉
he
had
formerly
spent
the
greatest
number
of
〈…〉
pompe
and
glory
.
Ethelard
at
his
first
entrance
,
was
much
troubled
with
civill
discention
,
which
Oswald
(
one
of
the
princely
blood
aspiring
to
the
governement
)
had
raised
〈◊〉
the
West-Saxons
▪
but
(
that
rebellion
being
app●●●ed
)
he
raigned
the
rest
of
his
life
in
peace
.
Then
Cut●red
,
the
kinsman
of
Ethelard
succeeded
.
The
borders
of
his
Province
b●ing
strongly
assailed
by
the
〈◊〉
,
he
fortunately
defended
:
In
his
time
there
appeared
two
blazing
Stars
,
which
were
afterwards
noted
to
be
ominous
predictions
of
those
calamities
which
befell
the
Province
vnder
the
tyranny
of
the
Danes
.
Then
〈◊〉
obtained
the
Principality
of
the
West-Saxons
.
He
was
a
Prince
much
de●ained
for
〈◊〉
and
oppression
of
his
subjects
,
the
antient
lawes
and
customes
of
the
Province
,
〈…〉
in
such
like
outragious
practises
,
he
was
at
the
last
by
his
owne
people
deprived
of
all
authoritie
,
and
enforced
for
safeguard
of
his
life
,
to
hide
himselfe
in
woods
and
forrests
,
where
he
lived
in
great
misery
,
secluded
from
the
societie
of
men
,
(
whereof
by
his
inhumanitie
he
had
made
himselfe
vnworthy
)
till
at
the
last
,
he
was
slaine
in
Andreds-wald
by
a
Swineheard
,
whose
Maister
in
former
times
,
Sigebert
had
injuriously
put
to
death
.
Kenulph
(
descended
from
the
line
of
Cerdic
,
the
first
Prince
of
the
West-Saxons
)
was
partly
for
the
honour
of
his
blood
,
and
partly
for
the
generall
opinion
of
his
sufficiencie
,
advanced
to
the
government
.
Such
factions
and
popular
tumults
,
as
had
risen
by
the
deposing
of
his
predecessor
,
hee
pacified
with
great
wisedome
and
moderation
.
He
was
the
first
founder
of
the
church
at
Wells
,
where
a
Bishops
Sea
was
afterwards
placed
.
Howbeit
hee
was
much
inclined
to
the
wanton
pleasures
of
the
flesh
,
which
were
the
occasion
of
his
destruction
in
the
end
:
for
,
going
in
private
manner
to
visite
a
strumpet
,
(
whom
he
kept
)
he
was
entrapped
by
one
of
Sigeberts
kinsmen
,
and
murdered
in
the
way
.
Then
Britric
(
being
also
of
the
race
of
Cerdic
)
governed
the
West-Saxons
.
Hee
was
a
Prince
by
nature
more
addicted
to
peace
then
warre
:
He
married
Eadburga
,
the
daughter
of
Offa
,
Prince
of
the
Mercians
,
by
whose
ayd
hee
expelled
Egbert
,
the
West-Saxon
that
invaded
his
Province
,
forcing
him
to
flie
into
France
,
where
afterwards
he
lived
(
like
a
banished
man
.
)
In
his
time
about
the
yeare
of
grace
800.
the
Danes
first
attempted
to
land
in
Britannie
,
whereat
their
arrivall
,
they
tooke
the
I
le
of
Portland
;
but
Britric
(
combining
with
some
other
of
the
Saxon
Princes
)
ioyntly
assailed
them
,
and
in
short
time
chased
them
out
of
the
land
:
and
Britric
himselfe
,
having
raigned
about
seventeene
yeares
,
was
poisoned
by
Eadburga
his
wife
,
who
fled
into
France
,
transporting
thither
great
store
of
treasure
.
West-Saxons
.
But
(
not
finding
that
good
entertainement
which
she
expected
at
the
French
Kings
hands
)
she
became
a
Nunne
,
and
afterwards
Abbesse
of
a
religious
house
;
from
whence
a●
the
last
,
shee
was
expulsed
for
committing
adulterie
with
a
lay
person
and
ended
her
vitious
and
dishonourable
life
in
extreame
povertie
.
After
the
death
of
Britric
,
the
West-Saxons
were
governed
by
Egbert
,
who
enlarged
his
dominions
by
many
and
great
conquests
:
for
first
,
he
brought
vnder
obedience
the
Walshmen
,
(
who
had
beene
alwaies
accustomed
vpon
advantage
,
to
make
incursions
into
the
Province
:
)
then
with
like
successe
,
he
assailed
and
subdued
the
Mercians
,
the
Northumbers
,
the
Kentish
and
the
East-Saxons
,
whose
Provinces
he
annexed
to
the
Principalitie
of
the
West-Saxons
,
as
by
relation
of
that
which
followeth
,
more
plainely
shall
appeare
.
The
end
of
the
Second
Booke
of
the
Second
Part
of
the
Historie
of
Great
Britannie
.