The
Trauailes
and
miserable
Captiuitie
of
William
Dauies
,
Barber-Surgion
of
LONDON
.
I
Departed
out
of
England
the
28.
of
Ianuarie
1597.
in
the
good
ship
named
the
Francis
of
Saltash
,
in
the
countie
of
of
Cornwell
,
Master
Tyball
Geare
,
Owner
,
and
William
Lewellyn
,
Master
of
her
,
being
laden
with
Fish
,
and
Herings
,
and
such
like
commodities
,
then
bound
for
the
Strayts
and
to
arriue
at
Ciuita
de
Vecchia
to
the
will
and
pleasure
of
God
:
where
we
arriued
the
sixt
day
of
March
insuing
,
whose
description
followeth
by
me
William
Dauies
Barber-Surgion
of
London
,
and
borne
in
the
Citie
of
Heriford
.
I.
The
Description
of
Ciuita
de
Vecchia
.
CIuita
de
Vecchia
is
an
ancient
Citie
of
the
Popes
,
lying
Rome
,
and
there
none
will
come
vp
but
small
Barkes
,
and
Boates
,
and
such
like
,
by
reason
of
the
shallownesse
of
the
Riuer
.
In
this
Ciuita
de
Vecchia
are
altogether
Romanes
,
wholly
professing
the
Romish
Religion
,
saying
directly
that
the
Pope
is
God
an
earth
,
and
that
he
can
forgiue
any
sinne
whatsoeuer
being
committed
,
which
makes
the
most
part
of
them
,
or
all
,
runne
desperately
into
most
deadly
sinnes
.
For
very
Murther
they
hold
it
no
great
sinne
,
being
committed
,
receiuing
of
the
Popes
pardon
,
or
else
getting
into
some
Monasterie
where
they
may
be
confessed
,
and
absolued
,
whereby
no
Law
can
take
hold
of
them
at
their
comming
forth
,
being
apt
and
readie
within
a
wéeke
,
or
fortnight
after
to
commit
the
like
Murther
,
then
receiuing
the
like
pardon
,
or
absolution
,
as
before
they
had
done
:
and
thus
many
bloodie
minded
men
continue
their
life-time
,
for
it
is
an
easie
matter
for
a
man
to
haue
his
aduersarie
kild
,
or
poysoned
for
money
,
although
his
executioner
neuer
sée
him
till
such
time
as
he
committeth
this
bloudie
déed
,
being
hired
by
another
.
Also
in
this
Countrey
their
women
are
very
lewde
and
wicked
,
for
euen
in
that
ancient
Citie
of
Rome
,
there
are
many
thousands
of
lewd
liuing
women
that
pay
monethly
vnto
the
Pope
for
the
sinnefull
vse
of
their
wicked
bodies
:
some
pay
sixe
Crownes
a
moneth
,
and
so
from
sixe
Crownes
to
one
,
for
they
are
rated
according
to
their
outward
shew
,
and
for
the
no●-payment
of
this
monethly
pay
,
they
shall
haue
their
goods
strained
and
carried
out
of
their
houses
,
or
chambers
,
by
the
Popes
officers
,
and
kept
from
them
till
such
time
as
satisfaction
is
made
to
the
Pope
.
So
it
is
lawfull
for
any
man
to
vse
any
of
these
women
as
his
owne
wife
,
neither
shall
he
be
molested
or
troubled
,
or
otherwise
indangered
,
so
he
escape
secret
occasions
of
danger
,
for
this
woman
will
be
as
dutifull
vnto
him
as
his
seruant
,
alwaies
attending
his
pleasure
for
his
diet
or
any
thing
else
belonging
vnto
him
:
he
giuing
her
content
with
his
purse
;
but
she
not
receiuing
content
may
as
lawfully
arrest
him
,
and
cast
him
into
prison
till
such
time
as
she
doth
receiue
satisfaction
,
being
recouered
by
Law
:
for
they
hold
their
liuings
by
the
Pope
.
Now
as
I
haue
spoken
of
two
deadly
sinnes
wherein
they
excéed
,
so
will
I
speake
of
one
thing
wherein
some
of
them
are
to
be
commended
,
that
is
this
.
If
there
be
any
Christian
,
of
what
Nation
soeuer
,
poore
and
in
distresse
,
making
his
case
knowne
,
and
asking
for
Christs
sake
,
he
shall
be
relieued
,
with
all
those
necessaries
whereof
he
is
destitute
,
as
apparrell
,
meat
,
and
drinke
,
and
some
money
,
though
it
be
but
little
:
if
he
be
sicke
,
then
shall
he
be
put
into
an
Hospitall
,
where
he
shall
be
cho●sely
attended
vpon
,
hauing
good
lodging
,
dai●tie
diet
,
and
comfortable
Phisicke
for
the
r●storing
of
his
health
,
whether
he
be
Papist
or
Protestant
:
but
if
he
be
a
Papist
,
he
shall
be
the
better
vsed
,
and
if
he
be
a
Protestant
they
will
vse
all
meanes
they
can
to
conuert
him
,
but
force
him
to
nothing
at
all
.
In
these
Countries
it
is
dangerous
for
an
Englishman
being
a
Protestant
to
speake
any
thing
against
the
Pope
,
or
his
Religion
,
especially
vnto
another
Englishman
that
is
a
Papist
,
yet
this
English
Papist
will
séeke
all
the
meanes
possible
to
intrappe
the
Protestant
,
and
will
speake
ill
words
of
himselfe
,
to
draw
him
to
the
like
,
but
when
he
hath
made
him
vtter
the
secrets
of
his
heart
,
then
will
he
make
it
knowne
,
and
more
then
the
Protestant
spake
,
to
some
chiefe
man
of
a
Church
,
by
whom
he
shall
be
forced
to
alter
his
Religion
,
or
to
be
burned
,
or
put
in
some
secret
prison
where
he
shall
be
starued
to
death
,
and
this
is
the
manner
and
fashion
in
all
Countries
of
Christendome
within
the
Popes
Jurisdiction
,
not
onely
of
the
treacherie
of
the
English
Papists
,
but
also
of
the
other
deadly
sinnes
which
I
touched
before
,
as
their
murther
and
adultry
:
and
in
like
manner
of
their
generall
compassion
,
to
a
distressed
Christian
.
What
I
haue
héere
written
,
I
speake
not
of
heare-say
,
nor
by
imaignation
,
but
directly
haue
séene
,
and
of
mine
owne
knowledge
you
may
speake
it
,
being
too
long
a
time
amongst
them
,
against
my
will
.
II.
The
Description
and
discouery
of
Argeir
.
ARgeir
,
is
a
maruellous
strong
Citie
,
and
gouerned
by
the
Satties
,
and
other
small
vessels
,
making
all
the
Christians
that
they
take
slaues
,
&
selling
of
them
in
their
markets
like
horses
:
for
according
to
age
and
strength
they
are
prised
.
This
Citie
is
gouerned
by
a
King
,
being
vassall
to
the
great
Turke
.
Also
there
are
great
store
of
Janizaries
in
it
,
to
the
number
of
20.
or
30000.
at
one
time
:
these
Ianizaries
are
chiefe
Souldiers
,
and
gouerned
by
a
Dane
,
which
is
a
generall
vnder
the
great
Turke
.
These
Turks
are
goodly
people
of
parson
,
and
of
a
very
faire
complexion
,
but
very
villains
in
minde
,
for
they
are
altogether
Sodomites
,
and
doe
all
things
contrarie
to
a
Christian
.
For
they
doe
neuer
lye
in
a
bed
,
nor
féede
vpon
a
Table
;
yet
their
féeding
and
diet
is
very
plentifull
,
their
bedding
and
apparrell
is
very
neat
and
costly
,
the
manner
of
their
lodging
is
thus
:
There
is
a
very
faire
table
in
a
roome
,
about
thrée
yards
in
breadth
,
and
as
many
in
length
standing
in
height
one
yard
from
the
ground
,
and
thereon
they
vse
to
spread
a
double
quilt
very
costly
with
many
curious
Cushions
,
in
stead
of
Pillowes
,
whereon
he
lieth
downe
in
his
shirt
,
and
linnen
britches
onely
,
without
any
other
couering
,
by
reason
of
the
heat
of
the
countrey
.
Also
in
the
same
roome
he
hath
another
Table
laid
after
the
same
fashion
very
richly
,
whereon
his
wiues
doe
lie
,
but
she
that
likes
him
best
,
he
will
take
to
accompany
him
for
the
night
.
A
Turke
may
haue
as
many
wiues
as
he
pleaseth
,
so
he
be
able
to
buy
them
,
and
by
the
number
of
his
wiues
,
most
commonly
his
substance
is
knowne
,
for
the
richer
he
is
,
the
more
wiues
he
hath
,
the
poorer
the
fewer
:
yet
neuer
married
to
none
of
them
,
but
onely
the
first
,
but
maintaining
of
them
all
.
It
is
very
dangerous
for
a
Christian
to
be
found
in
the
company
of
any
Turkes
woman
,
for
being
found
together
,
he
shall
be
forced
to
turne
Turke
,
or
else
be
put
to
death
,
and
the
said
woman
also
shall
be
put
into
a
sacke
,
which
being
made
fast
,
she
shall
be
flung
into
the
Sea
,
whether
they
commit
the
sinne
or
not
.
These
Turkes
are
very
zealous
in
their
religion
,
acknowledging
God
;
and
Mahomet
a
soliciter
for
their
sinnes
.
A
Turke
will
kéepe
his
word
if
he
sweares
by
his
head
,
putting
his
hand
vpon
his
forehead
.
In
this
countrey
there
is
great
store
of
gold
and
rich
Marchants
;
the
manner
of
their
Churches
and
comming
to
Prayer
is
thus
.
The
Church
is
very
faire
within
,
with
many
hundreds
of
Lampes
burning
therein
,
all
matted
vnder
foote
,
without
any
kinde
of
picture
,
or
seats
,
also
most
of
them
doe
pray
vpon
Beads
.
In
the
morning
on
the
top
of
the
Church
they
hang
out
a
white
flag
,
and
in
the
after
noone
a
blew
one
for
a
signe
of
their
comming
to
Church
,
then
goeth
eight
or
tenne
of
them
on
the
very
top
of
the
Church
,
and
crie
with
a
loud
voice
.
Volla
,
volla
hamdrulla
and
shalla
,
that
is
to
say
God
,
God
,
helpe
vs
at
thy
pleasure
,
and
this
is
their
ordinary
warning
to
come
to
Church
,
as
we
vse
Bels
in
Christendome
,
for
they
abhorre
the
ringing
of
Bels
,
being
contrary
to
their
Prophets
command
.
A
Turke
chooseth
his
first
wife
after
this
maner
.
He
neuer
séeth
his
wife
till
she
come
to
the
Church
to
be
maried
,
for
the
match
is
made
by
their
friends
,
neither
is
a
Turkish
womans
face
to
be
séene
,
because
their
faces
are
continually
couered
going
through
the
stréets
,
both
young
and
old
:
neither
shall
a
man-childe
after
he
is
tenne
yeeres
old
euer
sée
his
mother
.
A
Turke
is
Circumcised
after
this
manner
.
The
better
Gentleman
he
is
,
the
longer
he
stayes
afore
he
be
Circumcised
,
but
the
time
being
come
,
then
is
he
put
vpon
a
very
faire
white
horse
,
being
very
costly
attired
,
and
before
him
goeth
two
,
or
three
hundreth
by
two
and
two
in
purple
coates
,
bearing
waxe
candles
in
their
hands
,
and
after
them
followeth
a
great
many
playing
on
diffused
Instruments
making
of
a
great
noise
,
then
followeth
a
Bull
couered
with
very
faire
Arras
,
and
his
hornes
gilded
,
and
next
rideth
he
that
shall
be
Circumcised
,
with
all
his
friends
following
,
and
thus
he
rideth
to
the
place
of
Circumcision
,
where
they
cut
off
the
foresa●ne
of
his
yard
,
naming
of
him
Morat
,
Shebane
,
or
Hosan
,
or
some
such
like
name
:
then
will
they
take
the
Bull
,
and
turne
his
head
to
to
the
East-ward
,
then
cut
his
throat
,
saying
,
this
day
wee
haue
done
a
good
déed
,
then
they
cut
the
Bull
in
yeeces
,
and
distribute
it
among
his
friends
,
and
kindred
,
and
so
they
returne
home
where
they
doe
feast
with
great
ioy
.
The
manner
of
a
Christian
turning
Turke
,
is
thus
.
He
is
put
vpon
a
horse
with
his
face
towards
the
tayle
,
and
a
Bow
and
an
Arrow
in
his
hand
,
then
the
picture
of
Christ
is
carried
before
him
with
his
feete
vpwards
,
at
the
which
he
drawes
his
Bow
with
the
Arrow
therein
,
and
thus
he
rideth
to
the
place
of
Circumcision
,
cursing
his
father
that
begate
him
,
and
and
his
mother
that
bore
him
,
his
Country
,
and
all
his
kindred
:
then
comming
to
the
place
of
Circumcision
,
he
is
Circumcised
,
receiuing
a
name
,
&
denying
his
Christian
name
,
so
that
euer
after
he
is
called
a
Runagado
,
that
is
,
a
Christian
denying
Christ
and
turned
Turke
:
of
which
sort
there
are
more
in
Turkie
and
Barbary
then
of
naturall
Turkes
.
The
manner
of
their
iudgement
for
offending
of
the
Law
touching
death
,
eyther
for
theft
or
murther
,
is
thus
:
within
foure
houres
after
he
is
taken
,
he
is
condemned
by
certaine
chiefe
Souldiers
,
and
presently
put
to
death
after
this
manner
,
viz.
ganshed
,
s●aked
or
beat
to
death
.
Their
ganshing
is
after
this
manner
:
He
sitteth
vpon
a
wall
,
being
fiue
fadomes
high
,
within
two
fadomes
of
the
top
of
the
wall
,
right
vnder
the
place
where
he
sits
,
is
a
strong
Iron
hooke
fastned
,
being
very
sharpe
,
then
is
he
thrust
off
the
wall
vpon
this
hooke
with
some
part
of
his
bodie
,
and
there
he
hangeth
sometimes
two
or
thrée
daies
before
he
dieth
.
Staking
to
death
is
thus
:
Around
péece
of
wood
thrée
yards
long
,
and
as
big
as
a
mans
leg
,
being
sharpe
at
one
end
,
is
taken
and
driuen
in
at
the
fundament
of
the
offender
,
and
out
at
his
shoulder
,
and
so
they
let
him
lie
till
he
be
dead
,
which
sometimes
will
not
be
in
a
day
or
two
.
The
manner
of
beating
to
death
is
thus
:
They
take
the
offender
,
and
lay
him
down
vpon
his
backe
,
being
naked
,
and
with
two
double
ropes
,
two
seuerall
men
,
one
on
the
one
side
,
and
the
other
on
the
other
side
of
him
,
beate
on
his
belly
till
he
is
dead
.
But
these
deaths
are
very
seldome
vsed
,
because
they
are
so
fearefull
to
the
offenders
,
yet
I
haue
séene
them
all
executed
.
III.
The
Description
and
discouery
of
Tunys
.
TVnys
is
a
great
Citie
in
Barbary
,
inhabited
by
Moores
,
Galletta
:
This
Castle
is
very
strong
of
Ord●ance
,
and
gouerned
by
Turkes
:
betwixt
the
Citie
and
this
Castle
lyeth
the
ancient
Citie
of
Carthage
,
sunke
,
by
the
report
of
all
the
Inhabitants
thereabouts
:
but
this
did
I
sée
my selfe
going
vp
to
Tunys
in
a
Boate
,
the
foundation
of
many
houses
for
the
space
of
foure
or
fiue
miles
,
the
water
being
very
cleare
,
and
in
depth
a
fadome
and
a
halfe
.
The
Moores
of
this
Countrey
are
altogether
in
Religion
like
to
the
Turkes
,
and
also
in
habite
:
they
are
verie
light
of
foote
,
and
gallant
horsemen
:
they
cannot
indure
Hogs
flesh
,
nor
the
drinking
of
Wine
,
for
they
drinke
water
altogether
,
except
it
be
sometimes
Aqua-vitae
.
The
manner
of
their
liuing
in
the
Countrey
is
thus
:
They
will
goe
fiue
or
sixe
hundred
together
,
Men
,
Women
,
and
Children
,
with
their
Cammels
,
Asses
,
and
Shéepe
,
together
with
all
their
Poultrie
,
vnder
the
side
of
a
Mountaine
,
where
euery
man
pitcheth
his
Tent
,
liuing
euery
man
to
himselfe
,
hauing
his
Wife
and
Children
about
him
,
with
his
Seruants
and
Cattell
,
thus
many
Tents
are
pitched
together
,
to
the
bignesse
of
a
little
Towne
,
continuing
there
till
such
time
as
their
Cattell
haue
eaten
vp
the
grasse
,
and
then
being
able
to
stay
there
no
longer
,
they
remooue
to
another
place
,
where
they
liue
as
before
they
had
done
:
and
thus
they
doe
spend
their
liues
.
By
reason
the
Countrey
is
continually
hotte
,
their
féeding
is
plentifull
,
but
their
apparrell
poore
and
bare
,
neyther
haue
they
any
,
but
what
they
buy
with
the
increase
of
their
Cattell
,
carrying
them
often
to
the
Townes
,
Cities
,
and
Market
places
néere
,
where
they
haue
sale
for
them
.
These
Moores
are
very
ingenious
people
,
cunning
and
treacherous
.
Now
leaue
we
Tunys
in
the
same
Ship
that
I
came
out
of
England
in
,
named
the
Francis
of
Sal●ash
,
being
bound
to
Syo
within
the
Arches
of
Archipelago
,
and
fraighted
with
Turkish
goods
by
Turkes
,
and
some
Turks
aboord
with
vs
,
for
wée
traded
as
well
with
the
Turke
as
the
Christian
:
but
we
had
not
sailed
aboue
foure
leagues
out
of
our
Port
in
the
night
season
,
but
that
we
were
most
fiercely
set
vpon
by
sixe
of
the
Duke
of
Florence
his
Gallies
,
(
who
being
in
continuall
warre
with
the
Turke
,
tooke
vs
as
a
Turkish
prize
)
which
spit
fire
like
diue●s
,
to
our
great
discomfort
,
but
at
length
couraging
of
our selues
in
Gods
mercies
,
we
continued
fight
with
them
,
to
the
losse
of
many
a
mans
life
of
each
fide
,
but
all
in
vaine
for
vs
,
for
they
were
fortie
for
one
of
vs
,
and
our
Sip
torne
downe
to
the
water
with
their
Ordinance
,
our
mayne
Mast
,
and
missen
Mast
,
shot
by
the
boord
,
the
●●e
end
of
the
Mast
with
all
the
sayles
lying
in
the
Sea
,
the
other
end
aboord
:
thus
were
we
taken
,
and
stript
euery
man
starke
naked
,
and
then
were
we
distributed
,
some
into
one
Gallie
,
and
some
into
another
▪
where
we
had
as
many
Irons
knocked
vpon
vs
,
and
more
,
than
then
we
were
able
to
beare
.
Our
Ship
presently
sent
to
Ligorne
,
being
mended
as
well
as
they
could
,
but
we
in
the
Gallies
,
continued
a
moneth
before
we
came
thither
,
to
the
losse
of
many
of
our
liues
:
but
at
length
comming
thither
▪
as
many
of
vs
as
were
left
aliue
were
thus
intertained
.
We
w●re
all
shauen
both
head
and
beard
,
and
euery
man
had
giuen
him
a
red
coate
,
and
a
red
cap
,
telling
of
vs
that
the
Duke
had
made
vs
all
Slaues
,
to
our
great
woe
and
griefe
:
where
I
continued
eight
yéeres
and
ten
moneths
in
this
slauerie
,
as
in
the
next
discouerie
shall
be
truly
spoken
of
.
IIII.
The
Description
and
discouery
of
Ligorne
.
LIgorne
is
a
Citie
of
the
Duke
of
Florence
,
and
lyeth
in
low
Frigot
,
being
very
well
appointed
and
victualled
,
dispesing
of
them
into
the
West
Indies
,
and
chiefely
for
the
Kiuer
of
the
Amazons
,
appointing
Captaine
Robert
Thornton
,
an
Englishman
to
be
chiefe
Commaunder
of
the
Ship
,
the
Tartane
and
the
Frigot
:
so
likewise
was
euery
other
Officer
appointed
by
the
Duke
himselfe
;
insomuch
as
speaking
of
the
placing
of
a
Phisition
,
a
Surgion
,
and
a
Surgions
mate
,
Captaine
Thornton
standing
by
,
said
,
your
Highnesse
may
doe
well
to
deliuer
a
poore
Englishman
that
hath
continued
a
great
while
in
your
Gallies
:
hée
is
well
experimanted
in
P●●sicka
,
and
Surgery
,
by
reason
of
his
long
practise
both
by
Sea
an
Land
:
he
is
hardned
to
the
Sea
,
and
able
to
discharge
the
place
better
then
the
thrée
before
mentioned
:
for
in
the
Gallies
he
doth
your
Highnes
but
the
labour
of
one
slaue
:
whereupon
the
Duke
demaunded
my
name
.
Captaine
Thornton
answered
,
and
said
,
William
Dauies
:
whereto
the
Duke
replied
,
I
haue
often
béene
spoken
to
for
that
fellow
,
whose
liberty
now
I
giue
vpon
thy
good
report
,
Thornton
,
but
yet
I
doubt
his
vsage
hath
béene
so
hard
in
my
Countrey
,
that
as
soone
as
hée
is
out
of
chaynes
,
he
will
giue
me
the
slip
and
not
goe
the
voyage
into
the
In●ies
with
thée
.
But
if
he
can
giue
fiue
hundred
Crownes
securitie
to
goe
the
voyage
,
hée
shall
be
released
presently
out
of
chaynes
:
neyther
shall
hée
want
any
thing
that
is
needfull
for
the
voyage
,
●or
the
good
of
all
the
Company
,
or
for
his
owne
bodie
,
and
this
let
him
vnderstand
as
soone
as
may
be
:
which
newes
came
within
two
dayes
vnto
me
,
to
my
great
reioycing
&
comfort
,
but
as
soone
as
I
heard
it
,
I
sodainly
sate
down
,
being
at
my
ol●
profession
,
carrying
of
durt
,
and
stone
,
and
such
like
in
a
basket
,
and
would
worke
no
longer
,
neyther
suffer
the
slaue
to
worke
that
was
chayned
vnto
mée
,
but
as
soone
as
I
was
espied
,
one
of
the
Masters
of
the
worke
came
to
mée
,
and
said
thou
Lutheran
Dogge
:
Why
workest
thou
not
?
and
with
that
strake
me
with
a
Cudgell
,
whereto
the
slaue
that
was
chayned
with
me
,
replied
.
The
Duke
hath
giuen
him
his
libertie
:
then
said
hée
that
had
stroken
mée
,
Master
,
I
beseech
you
forgiue
mée
,
and
excuse
my
rashnesse
,
doubting
that
I
should
haue
remembred
his
former
courtesies
being
at
libertie
.
And
within
a
short
time
after
Captaine
Thorneton
came
from
Florence
to
Ligorne
,
where
I
was
,
who
then
tolde
mee
the
Dukes
disposition
to
the
full
,
and
vpon
what
securitie
I
should
be
deliuered
:
which
securitie
I
did
sodainely
procure
by
an
English
Marchant
,
whose
name
was
Maister
William
Mellyn
,
of
Bristow
,
who
passed
his
Band
for
fiue
hundred
Crownes
to
the
Duke
,
for
the
performance
of
the
voyage
by
mée
:
Whereupon
I
was
sodainely
released
out
of
chaynes
,
to
my
great
reioycing
,
giuing
God
thankes
for
his
blessings
.
Then
was
I
presently
well
apparrelled
by
Captaine
Thorneton
,
and
this
Marchant
,
wanting
nothing
whereof
I
was
destitute
:
But
within
two
or
three
dayes
after
I
was
sent
for
,
by
the
great
Duke
,
to
come
vnto
him
to
Archemeyne
,
where
then
hée
continued
,
whither
sodaynely
I
repayred
,
and
comming
to
the
Dukes
presence
,
doing
my
dutie
,
he
said
vnto
me
,
be
of
good
comfort
I
haue
giuen
thée
grace
,
with
thy
liberty
,
neyther
shalt
thou
want
any
thing
for
the
fitting
of
thy
voyage
,
or
néedful
for
thy
owne
bodie
,
therefore
speake
boldly
,
and
demaund
any
thing
that
shall
be
necessary
,
and
I
will
haue
thée
well
fitted
:
for
the
great
Duke
of
Florence
wants
no
money
.
Then
he
demaunded
of
me
further
what
I
was
in
mine
owne
Countrey
,
whither
I
was
a
Gentleman
or
no.
I
answered
his
highnesse
I
was
:
then
he
asked
me
how
?
I
told
him
my
father
was
a
Gentleman
,
and
for
my
part
I
had
serued
my
Quéene
by
Lano
and
by
Sea
,
against
the
aduersaries
of
my
Quéene
and
Countrey
,
and
had
lost
mine
owne
bloud
,
and
spilt
my
enemies
bloud
:
and
next
that
I
was
a
Gentleman
by
Art
.
Then
the
Duke
answered
and
said
:
Thou
art
a
worthy
fellow
,
for
thou
hast
indured
much
miserie
in
this
world
.
But
tell
me
,
quoth
hée
,
with
what
substance
of
wealth
camest
thou
out
of
thy
Countrey
:
I
answered
with
two
purses
full
:
Full
said
hée
,
of
what
?
I
said
of
Siluer
and
Gold
,
which
I
lost
when
I
was
taken
by
his
Highnes
Gallies
,
and
the
other
full
of
Patience
,
which
doth
continue
full
still
:
Then
said
the
Duke
to
one
that
stoode
by
,
giue
him
a
hundred
Crownes
to
spend
to
strengthen
himselfe
,
and
bring
himselfe
to
courage
;
thus
did
the
Duke
take
delight
in
discoursing
with
me
,
in
respect
I
spake
the
Italian
tongue
very
perfectly
,
for
I
bought
it
déere
,
with
many
a
droppe
of
my
bloud
,
in
the
time
of
my
slauerie
.
Then
receiuing
this
hundred
Crownes
,
which
the
Duke
had
giuen
me
,
I
left
his
Court
,
comming
presently
to
Ligorne
,
where
the
Ship
lay
,
indeauoring
of
my selfe
,
by
my
labour
,
and
industrie
,
for
the
fitting
of
all
things
necessary
for
the
good
of
the
Uoyage
,
vpon
the
Dukes
charge
,
besides
this
hundred
Crownes
:
for
they
were
giuen
mée
to
spend
at
my
owne
pleasure
,
which
I
did
,
to
the
comfort
of
many
English-men
that
lay
in
chaines
,
that
were
taken
with
mée
:
they
wanted
neyther
meate
nor
drinke
as
long
as
my
money
lasted
,
as
many
of
them
as
were
left
aliue
,
for
of
seuen
and
thirtie
of
vs
that
were
taken
at
the
first
,
there
remayned
then
but
thirtéene
,
whereof
tenne
continued
in
chaines
,
and
two
were
deliuered
with
me
.
By
this
time
all
things
were
prepared
and
made
readie
for
the
performance
of
our
pretended
Uoyage
,
now
being
bound
to
serue
in
the
good
Ship
called
the
Santa
Lucia
,
with
a
Frigot
,
and
a
Tartane
,
well
victualled
,
and
well
manned
,
and
chiefely
bound
to
the
Riuer
of
Amazones
,
with
other
seuerall
Riuers
,
the
which
the
Duke
would
haue
inhabited
,
hoping
for
great
store
of
gaine
of
Gold
,
but
the
Countries
did
affoord
no
such
thing
,
as
hereafter
shall
be
spoken
of
.
Upon
this
Uoyage
we
were
fouretéene
moneths
,
making
little
gaine
,
or
benefit
for
the
Duke
,
for
there
was
nothing
to
be
gained
.
Now
are
we
homewards
bound
,
and
recouering
the
straits
againe
,
&
being
within
three
or
foure
dayes
sayle
of
our
owne
Port
,
Ligorne
:
in
the
night
season
we
met
with
an
English
Pirate
,
who
would
haue
taken
vs
,
but
was
not
able
,
yet
held
vs
fight
all
the
whole
night
,
and
kild
vs
a
man
,
and
hurt
other
two
:
whereof
one
was
an
Englishman
,
who
died
within
two
dayes
after
we
recouered
Ligorne
,
and
being
dead
I
went
to
the
Captaine
and
demaunded
of
him
where
he
should
be
buried
,
but
he
●ad
him
goe
aske
of
one
father
Sherwood
an
Englishman
,
so
he
told
mée
that
if
he
were
a
Romane
Catholike
they
would
burie
him
in
the
Church
,
but
if
he
were
not
,
I
should
bury
him
out
in
the
fields
:
But
yet
for
my
better
assurance
I
went
and
asked
of
the
Friers
of
the
Misericordia
,
who
also
gaue
their
aduise
,
and
counsell
that
he
should
be
buried
in
the
fields
,
because
he
was
no
Romane
Catholike
,
whereupon
I
buried
him
in
this
manner
.
I
intreated
the
company
of
many
Englishmen
that
were
Protestants
to
helpe
me
to
shroud
him
,
and
also
to
accompany
me
to
the
burying
of
him
,
which
they
did
in
this
manner
.
We
put
him
vpon
a
Beare
,
being
shrowded
with
a
couering
ouer
him
,
and
carried
by
foure
men
,
many
Englishmen
that
were
Protestants
followed
him
,
bearing
euery
man
a
branch
of
Rosemary
in
his
hand
to
the
place
where
we
buried
him
,
reading
Prayers
ouer
him
after
the
English
manner
.
His
name
that
was
buried
was
Erasmus
Lucas
,
and
borne
in
Southwarke
néere
vnto
London
.
Two
daies
being
spent
after
his
buriall
,
&
was
sought
for
by
an
Italian
Fryer
,
who
finding
of
me
,
demaunded
of
me
my
name
,
which
presently
I
told
him
,
then
he
replied
,
thou
art
he
that
I
looke
for
,
for
thou
hast
buried
a
good
Christian
,
and
a
Romane
Catholike
out
in
the
fields
,
like
to
a
Dog
and
a
Lutheran
as
thou
art
thy selfe
:
therefore
I
charge
thée
in
the
Dukes
name
to
goe
along
with
mée
,
which
command
I
durst
not
denie
,
but
went
with
him
,
where
he
brought
me
before
thrée
or
foure
aged
Friers
of
the
Inquisition
,
&
they
asked
of
me
whether
I
were
that
Lutheran
that
buried
a
good
Christian
in
the
fields
,
for
he
was
a
Romane
Catholike
,
and
confest
,
and
receiued
the
Sacrament
like
to
a
good
Christian
,
and
therefore
thou
shalt
be
burned
,
for
thou
hast
done
contrary
to
the
Law
of
Rome
.
I
answered
that
I
had
buried
a
good
Christian
,
but
not
a
Romane
Catholike
,
neither
was
he
confest
,
nor
receiued
the
Sacrament
:
they
replied
,
if
this
be
not
true
which
thou
hast
said
thou
shalt
surely
die
for
it
.
Therefore
take
him
,
and
put
him
into
the
secret
,
whither
vnto
I
was
brought
,
which
is
a
prison
in
this
manner
:
Many
double
doores
being
opened
,
I
passed
through
two
or
thrée
outward
prisons
then
comming
to
the
doore
of
the
secret
,
whereinto
I
was
thrust
,
it
was
so
darke
that
I
could
sée
no
part
of
my
body
,
then
féeling
round
about
me
with
my
hands
,
I
found
it
to
be
very
short
in
length
,
&
lesse
in
breadth
,
but
of
height
I
know
not
how
high
,
because
I
could
neither
sée
nor
féele
the
top
.
In
this
place
I
was
almost
ouer
shoes
in
the
filth
of
other
men
that
had
died
there
before
,
who
neuer
liued
aboue
eight
or
ten
daies
there
at
the
most
:
Then
wrapping
one
arme
within
another
,
and
leaning
against
the
wall
,
calling
to
minde
Iobs
miseries
and
Daniels
afflictions
amidst
the
Lions
,
and
incouraging
my selfe
in
Gods
mercy
,
sung
a
Psalme
very
chéerefully
to
the
praise
and
glory
of
God
,
wherein
I
was
greatly
comforted
.
Then
did
I
draw
off
my
shoes
and
stockings
,
&
with
my
bare
féete
swept
all
the
trash
and
filth
into
one
corner
.
In
this
manner
I
liued
fortie
houres
before
any
sléepe
possest
me
,
and
then
being
desirous
of
sléepe
,
I
sate
downe
and
leaned
my
head
against
the
wall
,
and
slept
very
soundly
,
being
altogether
comforted
with
a
liuely
hope
in
the
Almighty
God
,
that
he
would
deliuer
me
(
according
to
my
trust
)
as
he
had
done
before
.
And
when
most
extreames
would
oppresse
me
,
then
would
I
be
most
ioyfull
,
finding
alwaies
an
inward
motion
,
saying
,
be
of
good
comfort
,
the
Lord
will
deliuer
thée
:
In
this
manner
I
liued
sixtéene
daies
,
my
food
being
bread
&
water
,
and
my
lodging
vpon
the
cold
stones
,
and
being
yet
aliue
,
they
held
it
a
miracle
that
I
should
liue
there
so
long
,
saying
,
this
Lutherane
hath
a
Lions
heart
,
for
we
neuer
knew
any
to
liue
aboue
ten
daies
,
wherfore
let
vs
haue
him
forth
to
be
examined
.
Then
was
I
brought
before
the
high
Inquisitioner
,
who
demanded
of
me
,
whether
he
that
I
buried
had
receiued
the
Sacrament
&
confest
,
according
to
the
Romane
order
or
no
,
I
answered
no
;
he
was
a
good
Christian
,
but
receiued
not
the
Sacrament
,
nor
was
not
confest
,
after
the
order
of
Rome
:
then
he
said
that
he
was
,
by
a
Frier
of
the
Mesericordia
,
&
therefore
thou
shalt
be
burned
.
Then
I
intreated
that
I
might
but
speake
,
and
he
said
speake
on
:
then
I
asked
them
this
,
whether
the
Frier
that
confest
him
could
speak
any
English
or
no
,
he
answered
that
he
could
speake
none
:
then
tell
me
quoth
I
,
how
an
Italian
Frier
(
can
confesse
an
Englishman
speaking
no
English
,
nor
the
Englishman
speaking
no
Italian
,
nor
other
language
but
his
mother
tongue
?
for
you
know
wel
there
must
be
no
interpreter
in
confession
,
&
if
the
Sacrament
were
ministred
vnto
him
,
the
house
where
he
died
can
iustifie
it
.
Then
the
Inquisitioner
hearing
this
,
scratched
his
head
,
saying
,
this
fellow
hath
spoken
the
truth
,
wherfore
take
him
and
put
him
out
into
a
large
prison
,
whether
I
was
brought
,
where
I
liued
ten
wéeks
being
well
,
and
often
relieued
by
English
Protestants
,
who
reioyced
much
to
see
me
aliue
.
These
malicious
Friers
,
there
reason
wherefore
they
sought
my
life
was
,
because
they
would
haue
the
dead
mans
pay
to
themsel●es
,
which
if
he
had
béene
a
Roman
Catholik
had
bin
their
due
,
&
in
respect
he
was
not
,
they
mist
of
the
pay
,
&
of
their
wicked
pretence
against
me
,
(
God
I
giue
him
thanks
)
by
reason
I
could
speak
the
Italian
tongue
,
for
if
I
had
had
an
interpreter
in
this
,
though
my
cause
was
iust
,
yet
I
had
surely
died
.
Ten
wéeks
being
spent
in
this
prison
,
it
was
the
fortune
of
one
M.
Richard
Row
of
Milbrooke
,
in
the
countie
of
Cornwel
,
to
ariue
at
Ligorne
,
in
the
good
ship
called
the
Portion
he
being
owner
&
Marchant
of
the
said
ship
,
&
one
day
comming
to
the
Prison
grate
demaunded
of
me
what
Countrey-man
I
was
,
I
told
him
I
was
borne
in
the
Citie
of
Hereford
.
He
asked
my
name
:
I
answered
William
Dauies
.
Said
he
,
know
you
one
Master
Dauies
in
Plymmouth
.
I
said
I
was
an
vnfortunate
brother
of
his
.
With
that
he
was
very
sorely
grieued
,
in
respect
he
knew
my
brother
very
well
,
and
loued
him
directly
,
and
told
me
if
all
the
meanes
that
he
could
vse
could
deliuer
me
,
he
would
:
therefore
said
hée
,
thinke
with
your selfe
,
how
I
may
deliuer
you
,
and
I
will
be
backe
againe
with
you
within
these
two
or
thrée
houres
:
whereupon
he
deliuered
me
sixe
Crownes
,
and
bid
me
spare
for
no
money
,
for
he
knew
my
brother
would
repay
it
againe
:
then
leauing
me
,
I
sate
downe
and
leaned
my
head
vpon
my
hand
,
setting
my
elbow
vpon
my
knée
,
intreating
my
Almightie
God
,
to
shew
me
some
direct
course
whereby
I
should
be
deliuered
.
Then
presently
came
into
my
head
,
to
send
for
a
Frenchman
,
in
whose
house
I
had
alwaies
layne
before
,
who
presently
came
vnto
me
,
vnto
whom
I
imparted
my
minde
,
telling
of
him
that
if
he
would
faine
a
matter
of
debt
against
me
,
I
would
giue
him
ten
Crownes
for
his
labour
,
though
I
ought
him
nothing
:
but
he
answered
and
said
it
was
dangerous
,
for
it
was
a
Gally-matter
,
but
I
vewed
it
should
neuer
be
made
knowne
by
me
:
Whereupon
he
gaue
consent
,
and
went
to
the
Gouernour
and
told
him
,
that
in
the
Prison
where
debters
are
,
there
is
an
Englishman
who
oweth
me
money
,
and
we
were
agréed
,
then
said
the
Commissarie
if
thou
art
content
,
let
him
pay
the
charge
of
the
house
,
and
be
gone
:
which
charge
I
paid
presently
,
and
was
fréed
,
departing
away
with
the
Frenchman
,
and
brought
him
to
Master
Hunts
house
,
the
English
Counsell
,
where
I
gaue
him
his
tenne
Crownes
.
So
leauing
one
another
,
I
went
presently
aboord
of
Master
Rowes
Ship
,
being
then
bound
for
Naples
,
vnto
which
place
wée
came
,
whose
description
followeth
.
V.
The
Description
and
discouery
of
Naples
.
NAples
is
a
famous
and
most
worthy
Citie
very
spatious
,
Calabria
,
and
is
gouerned
by
a
Vice-Roy
,
vnder
the
King
of
Spayne
:
also
there
are
many
Souldiers
in
Garrison
,
being
all
Spaniards
.
The
King
of
Spayne
maintaynes
many
P●nti●ners
there
.
In
this
Citie
they
speake
seuerall
Christian
languages
,
because
there
are
of
all
Nations
in
Christendome
but
principally
Italians
,
and
Spanyards
.
The
Neopolitans
are
very
proud
,
and
of
a
leftie
spirit
,
being
for
the
most
part
very
rich
,
and
costly
attired
,
and
most
commonly
well
furnished
inwardly
with
their
Countrey
disease
.
They
are
altogether
Papists
,
and
their
women
very
audacious
,
especially
in
the
sinfull
vse
of
their
bodies
,
by
reason
they
haue
as
well
their
pardon
as
priuiledge
from
Rome
.
In
this
Citie
it
is
verie
dangerous
to
walke
by
night
,
for
a
man
may
sodainly
be
kild
for
the
cloathes
on
his
backe
,
whither
hée
be
poore
or
rich
.
In
this
place
are
alwaies
great
store
of
Marchants
and
Lidgers
of
seuerall
Countries
,
as
specially
English
,
Dutch
,
Greekes
,
Italians
,
Uenetians
,
French
,
Spaniard
,
Jew
,
with
many
other
Christian
Nations
.
The
chiefe
commoditie
that
these
Merchants
deale
in
,
is
●aw
▪
Silke
,
or
Silke
wrought
,
eyther
into
Sattens
,
Taffities
,
Grograms
,
and
diuers
other
silke
stuffes
,
Silke
stockings
,
Laces
of
all
sorts
,
&
Garters
of
seuerall
sorts
.
In
this
place
I
haue
béene
diuers
times
,
and
neuer
found
any
thing
note-worthy
,
but
onely
one
,
which
was
this
.
A
mine
vnderneath
a
great
Mountaine
about
a
mile
or
thereabouts
in
length
.
This
vault
was
digged
by
the
industrie
of
men
for
a
passage
from
the
Citie
to
an
Iland
called
N●●●ta
,
where
all
shipping
doth
stop
before
they
come
to
the
Citie
;
The
reason
wherefore
this
passage
was
inuented
,
is
because
the
mountaine
ouer
it
is
so
sléepe
that
there
was
no
passage
ouer
it
,
except
they
would
goe
twentie
miles
about
,
but
now
Coaches
,
Wagons
Carts
,
horse
or
foote
may
passe
as
smoothly
through
as
in
a
plaine
way
,
continually
hanging
within
it
great
store
of
Lampes
:
this
vault
is
in
height
about
fiue
fadame
,
and
foure
in
breadth
,
it
is
named
the
Grout
,
&
by
common
report
one
Virgil
a
learned
man
was
the
Author
of
it
,
whose
Tombe
is
aloft
in
each
end
of
it
,
hauing
a
Lampe
hanging
continually
before
it
:
Through
this
place
I
haue
oft
and
many
times
passed
:
and
therefore
vpon
my
owne
knowledge
I
can
assure
what
I
haue
written
.
V.
The
Description
and
discouery
of
the
Riuer
of
Amazons
.
THe
Riuer
of
the
Amazons
lieth
in
the
highest
part
of
the
England
,
and
as
good
meat
,
for
I
haue
often
eaten
of
them
.
Also
this
Countrey
is
very
full
of
Riuers
,
hauing
a
King
ouer
euery
Riuer
.
In
this
place
is
continuall
tempests
as
lightning
,
thunder
,
and
rayne
,
and
so
extreame
,
that
it
continues
most
commonly
sixtéene
or
eightéene
houres
i●
foure
and
twentie
.
There
are
many
standing
●●ters
in
this
Countrey
,
which
be
full
of
Aligators
,
G●●●es
,
with
many
other
seuerall
water
Serpents
,
and
great
store
of
fresh
fish
,
of
strange
fashions
.
This
Countrey
is
full
of
Muskitas
,
which
is
a
small
Fl●e
,
which
much
offends
a
stranger
comming
newly
into
the
Countrey
.
The
manner
,
fashion
,
and
nature
of
the
people
is
this
:
They
are
altogether
naked
,
both
men
and
women
,
hauing
not
so
much
as
one
three●
about
them
to
couer
any
part
of
their
nakednesse
,
the
man
taketh
a
round
Cane
as
big
as
a
penny
candle
,
and
two
inches
in
length
,
through
the
which
he
puls
the
fore-skin
of
his
yard
,
tying
the
skin
with
a
péece
of
the
rinde
of
a
tree
about
the
bignesse
of
a
small
packethréed
,
then
making
of
it
fast
about
his
middle
,
he
continueth
thus
till
he
haue
occasion
to
vse
him
.
In
each
eare
he
weareth
a
Réed
or
Cane
,
which
he
bores
through
it
,
about
the
bignesse
of
a
Swans
quill
,
and
in
length
halfe
an
inch
,
and
the
like
through
the
midst
of
the
lower
lip
:
also
at
the
bridge
of
the
nose
he
hangs
in
a
Reed
a
small
glasse
Bead
or
Button
,
which
hanging
directly
afore
his
mouth
,
flies
too
and
fro
still
as
he
speaks
,
wherein
he
takes
great
pride
and
pleasure
.
He
weares
his
hayre
long
,
being
rounded
below
to
the
nether
part
of
his
eare
,
and
cut
short
,
or
rather
as
I
iudged
pluckt
bald
on
the
crowne
like
a
Frier
.
But
their
women
vse
no
fashion
at
all
to
set
forth
themselues
,
but
starke
naked
as
they
were
borne
,
with
haire
long
of
their
heads
,
also
their
breasts
hang
very
low
,
by
reason
they
are
neuer
laced
or
braced
vy
:
they
do
vse
to
annoynt
their
bodies
,
both
men
and
women
,
with
a
kinde
of
red
earth
,
because
the
Muskitas
or
Flies
shal
not
offend
them
.
These
people
are
very
ingenious
,
craftie
▪
and
treacherous
,
very
light
of
foote
,
and
good
Bowemen
,
whose
like
I
haue
neuer
seene
,
for
they
doe
ordinarily
kill
their
owne
foode
,
as
Beasts
,
Fowle
,
and
Fish
,
the
manner
of
their
Bow
and
Arrowes
is
this
.
The
Bow
is
about
two
yards
in
length
,
the
Arrow
seauen
foot
.
His
Bowe
is
made
of
Brazill
wood
very
curious
,
his
string
of
the
rinde
of
a
Trée
,
lying
close
to
the
Bow
,
without
any
bent
,
his
Arrow
made
of
a
Réed
,
and
the
head
of
it
is
a
fish
bone
,
hée
kils
a
beast
in
this
manner
:
standing
behinde
a
Trée
,
hée
takes
his
marke
at
the
beast
,
and
wounding
him
,
he
followes
him
like
a
Bloud-hound
till
he
fall
,
oftentimes
seconding
his
shoote
:
then
for
any
fowle
be
he
neuer
so
little
,
he
neuer
misses
him
:
as
for
the
first
,
he
walkes
by
the
water
side
,
and
when
he
hath
spied
a
fish
in
the
water
,
he
presently
strikes
him
with
his
Arrow
,
and
sodainly
throwing
downe
his
Bow
,
he
leaps
into
the
water
,
swimming
to
his
Arrow
which
he
drawes
a-land
with
the
fish
fastned
to
it
,
then
hauing
each
kild
his
owne
sood
,
as
well
flesh
,
and
fowle
,
as
fish
,
they
méet
together
,
to
the
number
of
fiftie
or
si●tie
in
a
company
,
then
make
a
fire
after
this
fashion
:
They
take
two
stickes
of
wood
,
rubbing
one
hard
against
another
,
till
such
time
as
they
be
fired
,
then
making
of
a
great
fire
euery
man
is
his
owne
Cooke
to
broyle
that
which
he
hath
gotten
,
and
thus
they
féede
without
Bread
or
Salt
,
or
any
kinde
of
drinke
but
Water
and
Tobacco
,
neither
doe
they
know
what
it
meanes
:
In
these
Countries
we
could
finde
neither
Gold
nor
Siluer
Dare
,
but
great
store
of
Hennes
.
For
I
haue
bought
a
couple
for
a
Jewes
Harpe
,
when
they
would
refuse
ten
shillings
in
mo●ey
.
This
Countrey
is
full
of
delicious
fruit
,
as
●ynes
,
Plantins
,
Euaues
,
and
Potato
rootes
,
of
which
fruits
and
rootes
I
would
haue
bought
a
mans
burthen
for
a
glasse
Button
or
Bead.
The
manner
of
their
lodging
is
this
:
they
haue
a
kinde
of
net
made
of
the
rinde
of
a
Tree
which
they
●●ll
Haem●c
,
being
thrée
fadome
in
length
,
and
two
in
breadth
▪
and
gathered
at
both
ends
at
length
,
then
fastning
eyther
end
to
a
Trée
,
to
the
full
length
about
a
yard
and
halfe
from
the
ground
,
when
he
hath
desire
to
sléepe
,
hée
créepes
vnto
it
The
King
of
euery
Riuer
is
knowne
by
this
manner
.
He
wear●s
vpon
his
head
a
Crowne
of
Parats
feathers
,
of
seue●al●●●o●●s
,
hauing
eyther
about
his
middle
,
or
about
his
necke
●
chaine
of
Lyons
teeth
or
clawes
,
or
of
some
other
strange
●●a●●
,
hauing
a
woo●●en
sword
in
his
hand
,
and
hereby
is
he
knowne
to
be
the
King
:
Oftentimes
one
King
warres
against
another
in
their
Canowes
,
which
are
Boats
cut
out
of
a
whole
Trée
,
and
sometimes
taking
one
another
the
Conquerers
eates
the
Captines
.
By
this
time
ten
wéeks
were
spent
,
and
being
homewards
bound
,
but
not
the
same
way
that
we
came
,
for
we
sayled
vnto
the
Riuer
before
the
winde
,
because
it
blowes
there
continually
one
way
,
which
forces
all
ships
that
come
thither
to
returns
by
a
contrary
way
.
VII
.
The
Description
and
discouery
of
Malta
.
MAlta
is
a
small
Iland
,
very
famous
,
hauing
two
Cities
Terra-noua
,
and
Terra-vecha
being
s●ituate
very
néere
one
another
.
This
Iland
is
gouerned
by
a
great
Master
,
who
acknowledgeth
no
Superiour
vpon
earth
,
but
the
Pope
to
be
Supreame
head
of
the
Church
.
The
great
Master
liues
in
Terra-noua
,
which
is
a
great
Citie
,
lying
close
vpon
the
Sea
,
marueilous
strongly
fortified
and
planted
with
Ordnance
the
like
is
not
in
Christendom
,
for
the
Turke
hath
oftentimes
sought
to
take
it
,
with
two
or
thrée
hundred
sayle
of
Gallies
at
a
time
,
but
yet
was
neuer
able
to
take
any
part
of
it
.
To
this
Iland
doth
there
belong
Gallies
,
though
they
be
but
few
,
to
the
number
of
sixe
or
eight
sayle
,
and
also
shipping
,
wherewith
they
doe
much
offend
the
Turke
,
taking
of
them
very
often
,
and
making
them
slaues
:
In
this
Iland
they
hold
the
Romish
Religion
,
both
men
and
women
,
their
women
are
altogether
lasciuious
and
lewdly
giuen
,
but
there
men
are
valiant
,
Gentlemen
,
and
worthy
men
at
armes
:
they
are
of
all
Nations
of
Christendome
,
speaking
generally
all
languages
,
also
they
haue
an
ancient
order
of
Knighthood
,
sworne
by
the
Crosse
of
Saint
Iohn
,
which
is
a
forked
white
Crosse
which
they
weare
vpon
their
breasts
to
be
knowne
to
be
C●u●liers
and
Knights
of
Malta
.
The
manner
of
their
▪
Oath
of
Knighthood
is
this
:
that
they
shall
neuer
marry
,
by
reason
they
shall
neuer
haue
Children
legitimate
:
for
there
are
many
Lords
and
Noble
men
sent
thither
by
their
Uncles
to
be
Knighted
,
because
they
shall
neuer
marry
,
whereby
after
his
death
his
lands
shall
come
to
his
Uncles
issue
,
yet
they
are
suffered
to
haue
as
many
whores
as
they
will
.
Another
part
of
their
oath
is
this
.
A
Knight
of
Malta
is
sworne
not
to
stand
in
place
where
two
,
thrée
,
or
foure
are
vpon
one
in
fight
,
but
to
take
the
weaker
part
,
&
to
fight
to
the
last
.
They
are
all
of
bold
courage
,
being
to
the
number
of
fiue
thousand
or
there
abouts
,
in
Malta
and
other
Christian
places
:
another
part
of
their
oaths
is
this
,
by
Land
or
Sea
,
whether
it
be
in
ship
or
Gally
,
they
are
sworne
to
incounter
their
aduersaries
,
though
they
be
thrée
to
one
,
and
neuer
to
yéeld
or
slip
away
,
for
they
are
sworne
to
fight
it
to
the
last
mans
death
:
The
which
oath
they
performe
very
couragiously
,
for
they
are
Gentlemen
of
very
great
respect
,
neyther
will
they
euer
fall
out
amongst
themselues
,
being
forbidden
by
another
part
of
their
oath
.
As
for
their
maintenance
,
the
poorer
sort
haue
a
pention
from
the
great
master
,
which
maintains
him
very
gallant
,
and
the
richer
sort
liue
vpon
their
owne
charge
.
One
thing
there
is
strange
in
that
Iland
,
those
that
are
borne
without
the
cities
speak
altogether
the
Morisco
tongue
,
being
altogether
like
Moores
.
This
Iland
is
very
plentifull
and
fruitful
of
all
things
,
especially
,
Wine
,
Corne
,
Fish
,
Flesh
,
and
Fruits
.
These
Knights
are
very
mercifull
,
hauing
their
aduersaries
prostrate
,
greatly
regarding
their
Oath
.
VIII
.
The
Description
and
discouery
of
Cyprus
.
CYprus
is
a
famous
Iland
of
the
Turks
,
hauing
two
Cities
Famagosta
:
this
Citie
lies
close
vpon
the
Sea
,
in
low
ground
,
being
very
strongly
fortified
&
walled
about
,
and
gouerned
by
Turkes
,
holding
their
owne
Religion
,
belieuing
and
confessing
God
the
Father
,
and
their
Prophet
Mahomet
,
doing
all
things
contrary
to
a
Christian
,
yet
though
they
doe
not
acknowledge
Christ
to
be
the
Son
of
God
,
and
a
God
,
yet
they
say
he
is
the
breath
of
God
,
and
by
the
Jewes
put
to
death
,
but
they
doe
not
beléeue
that
he
is
risen
again
.
They
hate
a
Jew
aboue
any
nation
euen
as
they
do
the
diuel
,
neither
do
they
care
to
kill
him
,
no
more
then
they
doe
a
dog
,
oftentimes
killing
them
in
the
very
stréets
vpon
the
least
occasion
,
if
it
be
but
for
touching
his
garment
as
he
passeth
by
him
:
yet
their
liues
many
Jewes
in
all
parts
of
the
Turkes
dominions
,
but
in
this
manner
.
They
will
suffer
neither
man
,
woman
,
nor
childe
to
plucke
vp
their
shoes
on
their
héele
,
if
they
be
Jewes
,
but
goe
alwaies
slipsh●d
and
barelegd
,
wearing
a
blacke
cap
vpon
his
head
,
and
carrying
of
a
buckram
sack
vpon
his
shoulders
empty
,
to
shew
that
he
is
a
Jew
,
&
a
slaue
to
the
world
.
In
this
Iland
of
Cyprus
,
without
the
Cities
and
Towns
,
the
Countrey
is
inhabited
by
Greeks
,
liuing
vassals
to
the
Turks
,
paying
to
the
Turke
the
tenth
of
all
that
they
possesse
,
euen
to
the
tenth
of
their
children
,
if
they
amount
to
that
number
,
and
that
tenth
childe
is
Circumciled
and
made
a
Turke
,
receiuing
an
Osper
a
day
from
the
great
Turke
for
the
first
yéers
,
and
for
the
second
two
,
and
for
the
third
thrée
,
per
diem
,
and
so
his
pay
increaseth
an
Osper
yéerely
as
he
groweth
in
yéeres
,
for
he
is
chosen
from
his
infancy
to
be
a
Souldier
of
the
great
Turkes
,
and
so
shall
all
his
male
children
receiue
the
like
pay
,
and
be
Souldiers
to
the
Turke
:
their
garments
being
welt●d
about
the
necke
with
a
welt
of
purple
silk
,
wherby
they
are
known
from
others
.
This
Osper
is
the
eleueuth
of
a
shilling
English
.
So
that
at
twentie
yéeres
of
age
he
serues
in
the
field
,
his
pay
being
worth
ninteen
pence
a
day
,
and
so
increasing
with
his
yeeres
.
This
Iland
of
Cyprus
is
very
fruitfull
,
hauing
great
store
of
silke
wo●mes
,
which
yéeldeth
them
abundance
of
Silke
.
Also
this
Iland
yéelds
great
store
of
fruits
of
all
sorts
,
and
store
of
Cattell
of
all
sorts
:
Thrée
sorts
of
Beasts
this
Iland
yeeldes
,
which
differ
farre
from
ours
in
England
,
that
is
to
say
,
a
Bu●fella
differs
from
an
Ore
,
their
Cammels
from
our
Horses
,
and
their
Sheepe
from
ours
.
The
Bu●fella
is
a
Beast
after
the
manner
of
an
Ore
,
but
that
hée
is
bigger
,
and
not
so
high
,
nor
so
long
as
the
tallest
of
our
Oxen
,
yet
one
of
them
is
as
strong
as
thrée
of
our
Oxen
,
for
two
of
them
doe
the
labour
of
sixe
Oxen
:
their
hornes
are
flat
,
and
at
mid-day
when
they
vse
to
rest
them
,
they
take
them
,
and
turne
them
into
a
water
,
where
they
will
stand
for
the
space
of
two
houres
couered
quite
ouer
the
backes
in
water
,
then
will
they
yoke
them
and
worke
them
as
fresh
till
night
,
as
they
did
in
the
Morning
,
without
any
bayting
at
all
.
Their
Cammels
is
a
meruailous
tall
beast
,
hauing
a
necke
twise
as
long
as
a
Horse
,
and
a
great
bunch
growing
about
the
middle
of
his
backe
,
as
bigge
as
a
pecke
,
hée
is
clouen
footed
,
and
his
tayle
little
,
and
for
his
strength
he
will
carry
as
much
on
his
backe
as
foure
horses
,
and
continue
with
his
carriage
on
his
backe
thréescore
houres
without
meat
or
rest
.
I
haue
séene
foure
thousand
of
them
laden
at
one
time
with
Merchandise
going
a
very
slow
pace
,
and
nothing
so
fast
as
a
Carriers
horse
,
yet
will
they
continue
that
pace
two
dayes
and
two
nights
together
,
without
any
eating
or
drinking
:
and
when
they
doe
rest
and
féede
,
it
is
but
slender
and
verie
little
,
in
this
manner
:
when
they
come
to
their
resting
place
they
lye
downe
with
their
lading
vpon
their
backes
.
Then
the
Moores
or
Turkes
,
put
a
Ball
made
of
Date
stones
beaten
,
into
euery
one
of
their
mouthes
,
the
pouder
of
the
stones
being
compounded
with
Linséede
Oyle
,
and
the
white
of
Egges
,
which
makes
the
Balls
as
hard
as
Stones
,
and
thus
they
will
liue
and
continue
their
trauaile
sixtéene
dayes
and
nights
together
,
receiuing
the
said
rest
and
reliefe
at
euery
two
dayes
end
.
Their
Shéepe
are
twise
as
bigge
as
ours
in
England
,
but
in
all
fashions
like
our
Shéepe
,
except
the
tayle
,
for
their
tayles
are
meruailous
great
,
broad
,
and
thicke
,
being
very
fat
,
for
I
haue
weighed
many
of
their
tayles
flayed
from
the
Butchers
,
and
they
haue
waighed
ten
,
eleuen
,
and
twelue
pound
waight
,
and
throughout
all
Barbarie
and
Turkie
,
they
haue
plenty
of
these
beasts
,
and
also
all
kind
of
beasts
that
we
haue
in
England
.
There
liue
many
Gréekes
in
all
parts
throughout
the
Turkes
Dominions
,
but
in
great
bondage
and
pouertie
:
they
are
good
Christians
,
abhorring
the
Idolatry
of
Rome
,
and
obseruing
the
same
computation
for
Christmasse
and
other
festiuals
,
that
we
doe
in
England
.
Also
there
are
Jewes
in
all
parts
of
Turkie
and
Barbary
,
and
all
parts
of
Christendome
,
England
excepted
:
yet
though
they
be
thus
dispersed
throughout
most
parts
of
the
world
,
liuing
in
extreame
slauery
,
yet
shall
you
not
see
one
Jew
begge
his
bread
.
One
thing
I
haue
greatly
maruelled
at
,
that
a
Jew
is
respected
more
in
Christendome
,
then
with
the
Turks
:
for
the
Turks
(
as
you
haue
heard
)
detests
him
aboue
any
Nation
,
tying
him
to
a
notable
and
knowne
marke
,
or
manner
of
apparrell
,
and
yeelding
him
no
Law
or
right
,
eyther
against
Turke
or
Christian
:
whereas
,
contrarywise
,
in
Christendome
,
he
is
tyed
to
no
manner
of
weare
,
but
may
goe
in
what
shape
he
lists
:
and
for
Law
,
by
reason
of
his
wealth
,
hee
shall
sooner
haue
right
done
to
him
then
a
Christian
:
wherefore
in
my
minde
,
the
Turke
greatly
in
this
condemnes
the
Popish
Christian
:
for
it
is
an
ordinary
saying
with
them
,
tha●
if
a
Jew
had
put
Mahomet
to
death
,
nay
,
but
touched
the
hem
of
his
garment
violently
,
they
would
not
haue
left
one
of
the
race
of
them
aliue
,
nor
yet
any
thing
,
or
building
vnraced
,
that
might
procure
their
memory
.
But
in
Christendome
they
are
suffered
to
build
Sinagogues
,
and
to
vse
their
Religion
publikely
.
But
I
beseech
the
Almightie
God
that
this
our
Land
of
England
may
neuer
be
defiled
,
eyther
by
Pope
,
Turke
,
or
Jew
.
IX
.
The
Description
and
discouery
of
Sicillia
.
SIcillia
is
a
famous
Iland
of
the
Spaniards
,
hauing
many
Vizeroy
,
vnder
the
king
of
Spaine
:
his
chiefs
abiding
is
at
Palerm●
,
or
Mercina
,
two
famous
Cittes
,
but
his
chiefest
residence
is
at
Palerma
.
This
City
lyeth
in
low
ground
,
hauing
a
Mountaine
néere
it
,
called
Monta
Pellagrune
.
This
Citie
is
very
populous
,
being
rich
of
Marchandize
and
wealthy
Marchants
.
At
this
Citie
I
haue
beene
very
often
in
the
time
of
my
sla●●●te
in
the
Dukes
Gallies
.
Also
,
néere
this
Citie
there
is
a
Towne
called
Trappany
,
in
which
Towne
there
is
a
Monastarie
,
wherein
they
affirme
that
the
Pillar
of
Salt
that
Lots
Wise
was
turned
vnto
,
comming
out
of
Sodome
is
.
They
professe
the
Romish
Religion
through
out
this
Iland
both
men
and
Women
,
speaking
the
Italian
tongue
generally
,
as
many
as
be
borne
in
the
Iland
,
and
are
called
Sicillianes
.
Mercina
being
another
famous
Citie
,
lyeth
close
vpon
the
Sea
,
and
is
scituated
vpon
high
ground
,
vnder
the
foote
of
a
great
Mountayne
.
This
City
is
strongly
fortified
and
planted
with
O●●●●nce
:
also
there
is
great
store
of
Gallies
and
Shipping
belonging
to
this
place
,
which
doth
much
offend
the
Turke
,
●●t
chiefely
they
are
employed
in
Marchandiye
.
This
high
Mountayne
that
hangs
ouer
the
Citie
is
called
Mungebella
,
and
standeth
in
the
East-part
of
this
Iland
,
the
top
of
it
burning
continually
both
night
and
day
,
and
by
reason
of
the
fiercenesse
of
the
fire
,
hath
consumed
many
Uillages
.
The
reason
of
this
fire
is
a
Brimstone
,
or
a
Sulphure
Mine
,
which
being
high
,
is
(
as
all
men
imagine
)
set
a
fire
by
the
heate
of
the
Sunne
,
as
the
Iland
Strambula
is
,
which
continually
burneth
:
and
many
other
high
places
more
that
I
haue
séene
,
as
Mount
Aetna
,
the
pike
of
Teneriffe
a
Southward
Iland
,
and
many
others
,
&c.
Unto
this
Citie
Mercina
belongs
a
straight
entrance
by
Sea
,
commonly
called
the
●ale
of
Mercina
it
lyeth
betwixt
the
Land
of
Sicillia
and
Calabria
,
very
dangerous
to
passe
through
for
any
Ship
,
except
they
are
very
well
experimented
.
For
my
part
I
know
this
place
well
,
being
often
there
in
the
●●me
of
my
slauerie
.
X.
The
Description
and
discouery
of
●●ggadore
.
MVggadore
is
an
Iland
of
the
Moores
,
and
lyeth
néere
the
●arbary
,
without
the
Straights
,
not
farre
from
the
Lands
of
the
Kings
of
Fesse
and
Morrocco
.
Th●s
Il●nd
is
not
inhabited
,
but
very
barren
,
being
all
Rocks
by
the
〈…〉
side
,
and
very
smoothe
on
the
to●
,
and
full
of
bushes
,
〈…〉
Pidgions
doe
b●eede
in
great
store
:
we
held
it
nothing
〈…〉
〈…〉
sixe
or
eight
in
company
together
into
the
Iland
,
and
〈…〉
〈…〉
the
space
of
thrée
houres
,
twentie
dozens
of
Pidgions
〈…〉
with
vs
.
Betwixt
the
Maine
and
this
Iland
there
is
very
good
riding
for
a
Shippe
.
Also
,
the
Moores
will
bring
out
●●
the
Maine
Land
such
Uictuals
as
they
haue
to
re●●●●e
o●r
wants
,
as
Mutton
,
Beefe
,
●c
.
The
Moores
of
this
Countr●●
are
very
deceitfull
and
trecherous
:
their
cloathing
is
but
very
naked
and
thinne
,
for
they
weare
but
one
flat
of
thin●●
F●an●●●
wherewith
they
couer
their
brests
,
backs
and
p●●u●e
parts
and
as
for
their
armes
,
legs
,
and
thighes
,
they
●●e
na●ed
of
them
:
the
sayd
Garment
,
or
piece
of
Flane●l
,
they
call
●
Barnoose
.
In
this
Countrey
of
Barbary
there
is
great
store
of
Sugar-canes
,
and
Sugar
made
,
as
they
in
Braz●e
.
Sometimes
in
this
Countrey
there
is
Amber-grease
found
,
but
the
cunning
of
the
Moores
makes
a
great
deale
counterfaite
.
I
came
to
this
Iland
in
a
Carnell
of
Plymouth
,
Master
Edward
Decon
of
the
saide
Towne
being
Master
of
her
:
Moores
comming
oftentimes
aboord
of
vs
,
where
they
were
kindly
entertayned
;
but
they
returned
our
kindnesse
in
this
manner
▪
Setting
of
the
chiefest
,
with
many
more
of
them
ashorem
our
Boate
,
wherein
sixe
English
men
rowed
them
ashore
▪
they
being
all
a
Land
,
our
Boat
was
aground
,
then
one
of
our
men
stept
out
of
the
Boat
,
vp
to
the
knées
in
water
,
and
by
strength
would
haue
set
the
Boate
off
from
the
Land
,
which
as
●oone
as
they
espyed
him
out
of
the
Boate
,
they
tooke
h●●d
of
him
▪
and
drew
him
a
Land
,
where
they
cut
all
his
cloathes
off
his
backe
,
and
deuided
them
in
péeces
amongst
them
,
carrying
the
man
starke
naked
vp
into
the
Countrey
,
saying
tha●●e
should
neuer
haue
him
againe
except
they
had
twentie
French
Crownes
for
his
ransome
,
which
newes
the
Boace
brought
presently
aboord
,
(
which
being
in
vaine
to
st●●●e
with
them
●ée
gaue
them
,
and
receiued
the
man
naked
,
hauing
no
further
dealing
with
them
.
XI
.
The
Description
and
discouery
of
Candy
.
CAndy
is
a
famous
Iland
of
the
Venetians
,
very
fruitfull
,
Godza
,
with
others
more
.
These
Gréekes
liue
all
together
in
bondage
to
the
Uenetians
.
The
North-side
of
this
Iland
is
inhabited
by
Italians
,
and
some
Jewes
.
There
are
two
very
fayre
Cities
:
(
viz.
)
Candia
,
and
Acony
,
these
Cities
are
inhabited
most
with
Uenetians
,
strongly
fortified
and
planted
with
Ordnance
.
These
Cities
lye
right
against
the
entring
of
the
Arches
of
Appellican
,
which
goeth
to
Constantinople
,
where
the
Great
Turke
continues
,
receiuing
tribute
of
the
Duke
of
Venice
for
this
Iland
,
and
other
parts
,
for
the
Uenetian
is
tributary
to
the
Great
Turke
.
Also
the
Great
Turke
kéepes
him
in
subiection
by
Land
and
Sea
,
neither
dare
the
Uenetian
ioyne
their
forces
with
any
Christian
,
at
any
time
whensoeuer
a
Fléete
of
Gallies
and
Shipps
is
set
forth
against
the
Turke
,
yet
the
Duke
of
Uenice
hath
twise
as
many
Gallies
as
any
Christian
Prince
whatsoeuer
,
which
he
doth
employ
,
some
of
them
in
Marchandize
,
hauing
continuall
trading
both
with
Christian
and
Turke
,
and
some
of
his
Gallies
continually
lieth
about
the
entring
of
the
Gulph
of
Venice
,
about
the
Iland
of
Zant
and
Saphlany
,
and
the
small
Iland
of
the
Strauales
,
and
néere
about
Madona
:
these
parts
doe
they
defend
from
any
Christian
men
of
warre
,
or
Christian
Gallies
,
or
eyther
Gallies
or
Briggantéens
of
the
Turkes
that
shall
approach
néere
vnto
these
parts
,
in
the
manner
and
fashion
of
men
of
Warre
:
and
oftentimes
the
sayd
Gallies
doe
take
both
Christian
and
Turke
,
making
Slaues
of
the
men
,
or
else
chopping
off
of
their
heads
;
for
it
is
lawfull
for
him
so
to
doe
,
by
the
conclusion
betwixt
Him
,
the
Christian
,
and
Turke
,
taking
them
within
twentie
leagues
compasse
of
the
entrance
of
his
Gulph
,
but
not
in
any
other
part
of
the
Sea
,
without
the
said
compasse
.
XII
.
The
Description
of
Morria
.
MOrria
is
a
small
low
Iland
,
lying
in
the
Riuer
of
Amazones
,
Amazons
,
as
you
heard
before
in
that
discourse
.
But
some
●●
these
Women
doe
vse
to
beare
their
Children
vpon
their
backs
,
in
this
manner
:
They
take
a
yeere
of
the
unde
of
●
Trée
,
and
with
the
one
end
thereof
they
fasten
the
Childes
hunmes
,
and
about
the
arme-pits
and
shoulders
with
the
other
,
and
so
hang
him
on
their
backs
like
a
Tinkers
Budger
,
and
cast
vp
the
brest
to
him
ouer
the
shoulder
.
The
reason
wherefore
this
Iland
is
inhabited
by
Women
onely
,
●s
this
One
Moneth
in
the
yéere
,
the
Men
from
each
side
of
the
Maine
Land
comes
in
their
Canowes
,
ouer
to
the
Iland
,
euery
Man
matching
himselfe
with
a
Woman
,
liuing
there
a
Moneth
:
and
what
men
Children
they
finde
there
,
they
carry
away
with
them
;
and
the
Woman
Children
they
leaue
behinde
with
the
Mothers
.
And
this
is
their
vse
once
a
yéere
,
whereby
this
Iland
is
altogether
inhabited
by
Women
.
There
is
one
thing
more
to
be
wondred
at
,
that
I
haue
also
séene
,
that
is
to
say
,
very
good
Oysters
and
Muskles
growing
vpon
trées
,
for
I
haue
eaten
my
part
of
many
an
hundred
of
them
.
And
for
your
better
vnderstanding
how
they
grow
,
you
shall
know
that
the
Trées
stand
néere
the
Sea
side
,
and
at
euery
full
tyde
the
bowes
hang
into
the
Sea
a
fadome
,
or
a
fadome
and
a
halfe
,
so
that
when
the
tyde
goeth
out
,
they
are
found
hanging
in
great
clusters
vpon
the
branches
,
like
Barnacles
to
the
side
of
a
ship
,
and
at
the
comming
in
of
the
tyde
,
they
receiue
their
moysture
.
FINIS
.