¶
Here
begynneth
the
firste
chaptre
the
whiche
speketh
of
the
discrypcion
of
the
body
of
polycye
.
Capitulo
.
Primo
.
IF
it
be
possyble
that
of
vyce
myght
growe
vertue
/
it
wyll
please
me
well
in
this
partye
to
be
passyoned
as
a
woma●●
lyke
as
many
men
h●●
den
oppynyon
that
nature
of
woman
can
〈◊〉
kepe
vnder
scylence
the
abundance
of
hyr
〈…〉
rage
:
Now
come
hardely
&
shewe
out
by
many
clere
ryue
〈…〉
and
crystall
sprynges
/
and
by
the
vnst
auchable
countaynes
of
my
courage
/
whiche
can
nat
hyde
for
to
cast
out
the
desyres
of
vertue
:
O
vertue
a
thynge
noble
and
deyfyed
how
dare
I
be
so
bolde
&
auaunte
my selfe
to
speke
of
the
whiche
I
know
right
well
that
myne
vnderstandyng
cannat
quyckely
comprehendene
vnderstande
clerely
ne
declare
:
But
out
thyng
recomforteth
me
and
gyueth
me
hardynes
that
I
vnderstande
the
so
benygne
/
that
thou
wyll
nat
be
dylplcasyd
thoughe
I
speke
of
the
nat
oonly
in
thy
moste
subtyll
thynges
/
but
only
in
such
thyngꝭ
as
may
be
comprehende
in
my
conceyt●●
wher fore
I
shall
make
a
remembraunce
of
the
in
●dyfyeng
of
good
vertues
:
And
firste
for
to
speke
of
the
lernynge
and
rule
for
to
lyue
after
our
betters
:
That
is
to
know
after
the
prynces
of
the
whiche
thynge
I
beseche
most
lowly
theyr
hygh
mageste
that
they
take
no
disdeyne
of
so
symplea
wyt
as
myne
is
/
and
that
so
symple
a
creature
dare
take
vpon
for
to
speke
of
the
rule
of
so
hygh
estate
/
but
that
it
wolde
please
them
to
with
holde
the
techynge
of
the
Phylosopher
whiche
sayth
/
haue
no
disdeygne
of
the
lytclnesse
/
though
thou
be
neuer
so
great
/
and
specyally
on
hym
that
speketh
good
wordes
:
And
so
hereafter
I
truste
to
speke
meanly
by
the
grace
of
god
of
the
ordre
of
lyuynge
of
noble
prynces
&
knyghtis
/
and
in
the
thyrde
parte
of
all
other
people
/
the
whiche
thre
gendres
of
estate
ought
to
be
in
polyce
and
after
the
symylytude
of
one
body
that
is
quycke
after
the
sentence
of
the
honourable
man
that
is
named
Pl●tarque
/
whiche
in
a
pystell
that
he
sente
to
Trai●n̄
the
Emperour
as
an
open
thynge
to
a
body
that
hath
lyfe
/
of
the
whiche
the
prynce
or
the
prynces
holden
the
hygher
place
of
the
hed
/
for
as
moche
as
they
shuld
and
ought
to
be
soueraynes
/
and
of
them
shuld
come
the
synguler
establysshynges
in
lyke
wyse
as
out
of
the
vnderstandynge
of
men
spryngen
and
comen
the
foreyne
werkes
that
the
membres
accheuen
▪
The
knyghtes
&
the
nobles
holden
the
place
of
the
handes
&
the
armes
▪
For
lyke
as
the
armes
of
a
man
ben
stronge
to
meyteyne
laboure
and
payne
/
so
they
ought
to
haue
the
charge
to
defende
the
right
of
the
prynce
and
the
comen
wele
▪
And
they
also
ben
comparyd
to
the
handes
/
for
lyke
as
the
handes
put
away
the
thynges
that
noyen
suche
wyse
they
shuld
put
away
all
thynges
that
ben
euyll
&
vnprofytable
▪
The
thyrde
maner
of
the
people
ben
lykenyd
to
the
bely
/
to
the
fete
/
and
to
the
legges
.
For
lyke
as
the
body
receyueth
in
hym
all
thynge
that
comforte
the
hed
and
the
membres
/
in
lyke
wyse
the
excercyse
of
prync●
and
nobles
ought
retourne
to
the
comen
wele
lyke
as
it
shall
be
more
playnely
declaryd
hereafter
▪
And
lyke
as
the
legges
and
feete
bere
vp
the
weyght
of
a
mannes
body
in
lyke
wyse
the
laboures
susteyne
all
other
estates
.
¶
Here
after
it
speketh
of
vertuous
felycyte
.
Ca.
ii
.
●Hen
now
we
haue
for
to
treate
of
vertue
and
profyte
of
the
order
of
lyuynge
of
the
thre
estates
by
that
which
sayd
vertuo
/
The
lyfe
of
man
ought
to
be
receyued
in
all
manere
of
werkes
/
without
whiche
no
man
may
attayne
to
honour
/
for
it
is
the
ryght
degree
to
worshyp
as
valere
sayth
/
And
yet
he
sayth
more
that
worshyp
is
the
moste
plentuous
nor
y●●●ynge
of
vertu
/
And
to
this
purpose
Arystotyll
sayth
/
that
to
honour
longeth
dewe
renerence
in
wytnessing
of
vertue
/
that
is
to
know
that
worshyp
ought
nat
to
be
gyuen
to
none
but
to
them
that
be
vertuous
▪
For
he
sayth
nat
that
it
shuld
be
gyuen
to
the
myghty
folkes
/
ne
to
the
ryche
.
but
to
them
that
be
vertuous
▪
For
after
his
oppynyon
the
good
men
shuld
be
worshypped
alway
/
For
there
is
no
thyng
so
moche
desyred
in
noble
hertes
as
is
worshyp
/
lyke
as
he
sayth
hym selfe
in
his
booke
of
Ethiques
in
the
fourth
boke
/
that
myght
&
ryches
be
nat
desyred
but
only
for
worshyp
▪
Then
it
is
trewe
that
to
kyngis
and
great
prync●
syn
gulerly
belongeth
worshyp
/
&
so
by
consequent
vertue
▪
Now
we
must
distynge
the
partyes
that
we
vnderstande
for
vertue
/
For
seynt
Austen
sayth
in
his
booke
of
the
Cyte
of
god
in
the
xx
.
chapter
/
whiche
declareth
in
this
maner
▪
And
sayth
the
Phy
losophers
say
that
vertue
is
the
ende
of
good
&
euyll
of
man
kynde
▪
That
is
to
say
that
the
felycite
of
man
kynde
is
for
to
be
vertuous
Nowe
it
is
so
than
/
that
in
felyeyte
there
ought
to
be
great
dylectacion
/
or
elles
it
were
no
felyeyte
▪
And
of
this
ioy
&
felyeyte
the
auncyent
Phylosophers
made
paynt
a
fygure
of
an
ymage
vnder
this
fourme
/
it
was
made
in
the
lykenes
of
a
fayre
&
an
amyable
quene
syttyng
in
a
ryall
cheyre
vpon
the
erth
.
And
about
her
were
the
.iiii.
vertuous
lokyng
in
her
vysage
as
who
sayth
for
to
obey
her
commaundementis
/
&
for
to
obey
&
obserue
her●
Then
she
commaunded
to
prudence
that
she
shuld
enquere
dylygent
ly
how
she
myght
reygne
longe
/
&
to
be
●heele
&
in
sewre
estate
▪
Then
she
commaunded
to
Iust
yee
that
she
shuld
do
all
thyng
that
she
ought
&
kepe
the
lawes
to
the
entent
that
the
peas
were
kept
/
After
that
she
commaunded
to
strength
that
if
any
sorowe
came
to
her
body
/
that
she
shuld
modre
it
in
resystynge
&
vertuous
thought
Then
she
commaunded
to
attempetaunce
that
she
shulde
take
wyne
&
meete
&
other
delectable
thyngꝭ
so
attemprely
that
what
thynge
that
she
toke
it
shuld
be
by
reason
&
nat
to
her
anoyaūce●
And
●oby
this
present
wrytyng
a
man
may
vnderstande
that
for
to
be
vertuous
is
none
other
thyng
but
to
haue
in
hym self
all
maner
thyngꝭ
that
may
drawe
a
man
to
we
le
/
and
to
with
drawe
all
thynges
that
sow●eth
to
euyll
and
to
vyces
:
Then
it
is
necessary
for
gouernaunce
of
the
polycy
publyke
that
the
hed
be
hole
/
that
is
to
saye
vertuous
:
For
and
the
hed
be
sycke
all
the
body
shall
feele
it
.
Nowe
we
wyll
begynne
to
tell
of
the
medycyne
for
the
hed
/
that
is
to
knowe
of
the
kynge
or
of
the
prynces
:
And
lyke
as
our
werke
begynneth
at
the
hed
.
we
wyll
take
the
firste
hed
of
the
age
:
that
is
to
say
the
chyldhode
of
the
prynce
whiche
is
norysshed
vnder
the
rule
of
his
frendes
:
¶
Here
after
is
declaryd
how
a
man
shuld
norysshe
the
chyldren
of
prynces
at
theyr
begynnynge
.
●a
.
.iii.
HOr
bycause
it
is
commaunded
vs
expressely
for
to
loue
god
:
therfore
we
muste
firste
introduce
the
sone
of
the
prynce
at
the
begynnynge
of
his
vnderstandynge
/
lytell
and
lytell
for
to
serue
god
with
smale
and
lyght
●risons
after
the
wytte
of
the
chylde
:
For
tho
thynges
that
ben
accustomed
in
chyldhod
▪
it
is
ryght
harde
to
be
lefte
:
And
for
men
shuld
vnderstande
that
suche
thynge
is
agreable
to
god
the
psalme
sayth
that
in
the
mowthe
of
infauntes
and
sowkers
/
our
lorde
hath
made
his
laude
/
that
is
to
saye
he
is
agreable
therto
:
And
so
furthermore
as
he
waxeth
in
age
he
shuld
be
taught
letters
&
seruyes
suche
wyse
as
our
lord
may
be
preysed
lyke
as
it
is
ac
customed
●●
Fraunce
to
t●che
the
yonge
pryncis
better
than
in
other
places
for
to
here
masse
euery
day
&
say
theyr
matyns
/
Also
there
must
be
purueyed
for
hym
a
mayster
that
must
be
wyse
and
redy
and
more
in
good
maners
than
in
seyence
/
for
nat
withstandyng
that
somtyme
the
chyldren
of
prynces
were
taught
by
the
Phylosophers
as
it
is
wryten
of
Philyp
kyng
of
Macedoyne
fader
to
the
great
Alysaunder
▪
whiche
worte
〈◊〉
Arystotyll
that
he
was
glad
that
he
had
a
sone
borne
.
But
y●
he
had
gretter
ioy
that
he
was
borne
in
his
tyme
to
that
ente●●
that
he
myght
teche
hym
and
enforme
hym
/
whiche
happyd
for
to
falle
so
afterwarde
.
For
Arystotyll
was
mayster
to
the
great
Alysaunder
.
Neuerthelesse
for
as
moche
now
in
this
tyme
as
the
prync
,
be
nat
so
couetouse
now
a
dayes
to
be
lernyd
in
the
seyens
/
whiche
and
it
pleasyd
god
.
I
wolde
that
it
were
vsed
now
as
it
was
want
to
be
.
Wherfore
me
semeth
that
it
is
beste
to
gette
them
a
mayster
that
is
a
good
man
and
a
discre
t●
bothe
in
wysdome
&
in
nurture
and
louyng
to
god
/
though
so
●e
that
he
be
nat
moste
excellent
or
subt
yll
Phylosophre
.
Ne
uerthelesse
it
were
more
lowable
and
a
man
coude
fynde
suche
●●e
so
parfyte
that
were
a
noble
clerke
/
And
of
suche
men
:
he
prynces
shuld
enquere
dylygently
/
for
the
good
condycyons
&
maners
that
the
childe
seeth
in
the
mayster
▪
and
the
wyse
wordes
and
countenaunce
of
hym
.
is
to
the
childe
as
a
doctryne
&
●mperoure
.
Also
y●
mayst
c●ought
to
m●●teyne
hym
by
gret
●●●dence
in
that
offyce
.
For
natwithstandyng
that
natur●
of
〈…〉
ren
maye
nat
be
brought
to
lernynge
but
oonly
by
drede
〈◊〉
the
sone
of
a
prynce
behoueth
to
be
brought
in
by
other
m●
〈◊〉
for
to
make
hym
dre●●
than
by
gret
betynge
/
for
in
to
har
●●●o●ec●yon
of
a
childe
that
is
brought
vp
in
delytes
myght
●●●me
many
incouenyent
▪
also
whan
he
vnderstandeth
som
〈…〉
at
of
the
state
of
lordshyp
by
the
worshyp
that
men
do
vn
〈…〉
maye
under
the
maner
of
suche
corre●●yon
conspyre
a
〈…〉
his
mayster
great
indignacion
/
whiche
may
be
great
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
ler●●nge
and
to
the
peryll
of
his
mayster
.
And
als●●●
the
helthe
●●
the
childe
whiche
is
softely
and
dely〈…〉
▪
¶
But
what
ought
the
wyse
man
for
to
doo
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
vse
before
hym
suche
ensample
as
is
shewde
by
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
it
is
accustomed
that
aboute
the
children
〈◊〉
of
prynces
ben
norysshed
/
other
yonge
chyldren
that
ben
〈◊〉
sones
whiche
ben
his
dyscyples
/
he
ought
to
be
sharpe
to
theym
when
they
mysse
take
them selfe
/
in
suche
case
as
the
sone
of
the
prynce
hathe
offended
in
/
and
ought
to
beete
theym
couenably
.
●ut
more
to
chast
yse
them
by
sharpe
countenaunce
than
by
great
betynges
.
And
in
semblable
wyse
he
muste
vse
suche
manae●s
to
the
sone
of
the
prynce
if
he
wyll
nat
correcte
hym selfe
.
And
at
somtyme
he
muste
lette
hym
fele
his
rodde
.
And
so
by
suche
meanes
he
shall
make
hym
sha●efast
of
suche
thynges
as
he
both
amysse
and
right
ferefull
and
obeysant
.
And
also
the
wyse
mayster
ought
to
kepe
hym selfe
that
he
shewe
hym
nat
to
famys●a●e
/
or
to
pry●e
for
his
dyscypie
shall
drede
hym
the
laste
●●id
that
the
chylde
also
●e
hym
nat
play
to
nyce
playes
/
nor
lawghe
at
nofoly
nor
folyshe
wordes
mor
be
nat
to
moche
acqueynted
/
but
lyke
as
he
were
halfe
mayster
ouer
euery
man
.
And
his
countenaunce
ought
to
●e
great
fayre
and
stedfast
/
And
his
clothynge
ought
to
be
clene
and
honourable
/
and
also
byfore
his
dyscyple
he
ought
nat
to
speke
no
vayne
wordes
/
but
profytable
and
of
good
ensamples
.
Yet
nat
for
that
he
shulde
nat
at
all
tymes
make
a
sharpe
vysage
nor
sharpe
wordes
/
but
he
ought
to
drawe
the
chylde
vnto
hym
with
amyable
and
swete
wordes
when
that
he
with
holdeth
well
that
he
lerneth
/
or
ellys
and
he
doo
any
other
goodly
thynge
/
And
also
the
mayster
ought
to
do
hym
somtyme
pleasure
with
some
maner
of
thynges
th●●
is
pleasaunt
for
chyldren
.
And
for
to
tell
hym
other
whyle
some
good
chyldrens
tale
of
some
tryfull
for
to
make
hym
lawghe
.
And
all
for
bycause
that
he
shulde
loue
his
●oo●e
as
well
in
maner
as
his
owne
dysportes
/
Also
the
mayster
ought
to
sette
a
co●
petent
houre
and
a
certayne
rewle
/
and
a
certayne
sp●ce
of
tyme
in
which
the
chylde
shulde
conty●e●●
in
his
●●●●
.
And
after
that
gyue
hym
space
to
playe
byfore
his
dy●●●●
/
〈◊〉
●●
ought
to
be
rewlyd
that
he
ete
nat
to
swete
&
delycate
meetes
/
nor
drynke
to
stronge
and
myghty
wynes
whiche
causeth
oft
tymes
great
corrupeyons
or
ellys
sykenesses
.
And
when
the
chylde
cometh
to
his
grammer
/
Thenne
the
mayster
muste
begynne
to
vse
more
subtyll
wordes
in
his
doctryne
/
lyke
as
he
feleth
the
vnderstandyng
of
the
chylde
/
and
that
he
be
able
to
conceyue
them
.
And
so
lytell
and
lytell
/
and
more
and
morely
●ewyse
as
the
nowryce
encreaseth
the
fedynge
of
the
chylde
after
his
we●ynge
/
so
I
suppose
verely
that
the
prynce
wyll
that
his
sone
be
lernyd
in
letture
soo
ferre
/
as
that
he
myght
vnderstande
the
rewles
of
grammer
and
to
vnderstande
latyne
whiche
and
it
pleased
god
/
I
wolde
that
it
were
so
by
a
generall
custome
of
all
prynces
that
ben
nowe
/
and
be
for
to
come
.
For
I
suppose
that
moche
profyte
shuld
growe
that
of
to
them
and
to
theyr
subiectes
.
In
so
moche
that
it
shulde
cause
the
people
to
m●rea●e
in
goodnes
and
great
vertue
.
And
the
prynces
chyldren
shulde
be
taughte
so
ferre
in
letture
/
as
that
they
myght
vnderstande
theyr
logyke
/
and
so
to
contynewe
there
in
▪
lyke
as
the
noble
and
wyse
prynce
the
duke
of
Orlyans
that
nowe
leueth
/
at
the
Iustaunce
of
the
right
honourable
wyse
and
vertu●use
duches
my
lady
his
wyfe
.
whiche
as
she
that
is
the
preyser
and
worshypper
of
kunnynge
and
vnderstandynge
is
dylygent
lyke
a
prudent
moder
to
instructe
her
chyldren
to
wysdome
in
lecture
and
kunnynge
.
¶
And
ouer
all
this
the
wyse
mayster
before
sayd
whenne
the
vnderstandynge
of
the
chylde
begynneth
to
encrease
and
to
haue
greatter
knowlege
.
Thenne
he
ought
to
lerne
hym
and
fo●de
hym
with
wyser
d●ceryne
/
and
namely
in
good
maners
by
good
ensamples
or
ellys
to
make
hym
reede
in
bookes
of
●esons
/
and
he
shulde
make
hym
to
vnderstande
to
knowe
/
and
dyscer●e
the
good
from
the
euyll
/
and
teche
hym
and
shewe
hym
the
waye
for
to
shewe
good
maners
and
vertue
.
lyke
as
the
worthy
prynces
and
well
renowmed
haue
done
before
tyme
as
his
predecessours
and
other
noble
prynces
.
And
to
she
we
hym
all
the
great
goodnesse
that
foloweth
a
good
man
.
And
in
contrary
wyse
to
them
that
ben
euyl
or
vycious
/
and
if
he
se
hym
in
any
wyse
enclyned
to
the
subtylte
of
kunnynge
.
he
ought
to
shewe
hym
pleasaunt
reasons
to
that
entent
that
he
shulde
vnderstande
the
great
felycyte
that
is
in
kunnyng
/
and
open
hym
the
wayes
of
Phylosophy
.
That
is
to
know
for
to
make
hym
fele
and
vnderstande
it
.
And
so
for
to
haue
such
a
mayster
at
his
begynnynge
the
sone
of
the
prynce
if
he
contynewe
in
suche
doctryne
when
he
cometh
to
his
age
.
he
shall
come
to
great
excellence
of
vertue
and
to
great
renowne
.
¶
Here
after
it
sheweth
to
what
maner
of
men
ought
to
be
gyuen
the
gouernaunce
of
the
children
of
prynces
.
Capitulo
.
iiii
.
WHan
the
sone
of
the
prynce
is
somwhat
growen
vp
/
Then
he
ought
to
be
departyd
from
the
woman
that
haue
norys●hed
hym
/
And
put
hym
to
the
warde
pryn
cypally
of
one
of
his
auncyent
knyghtes
that
is
of
great
auctoryte
.
And
it
muste
be
well
vnderstande
that
he
be
a
wyse
knyght
●rewe
manly
and
of
good
lyuynge
.
And
with
hym
other
unlyke
wyse
▪
Thenne
this
knyght
ought
dilygently
to
●ake
good
heede
to
the
maners
of
the
childe
as
moche
or
more
then
to
the
kepynge
of
his
body
▪
He
oughte
to
be
dylygent
▪
also
for
to
make
hym
ryse
at
a
competent
houre
for
to
here
his
masse
to
saye
his
matens
with
fayre
and
well
assewryd
countenaunce
speke
fayre
to
the
people
●al●we
them
benygnely
yelde
euery
man
that
doth
hym
worshyp
lyke
as
longeth
to
his
estate
.
●nd
the
same
knyght
shuld
shewe
hym
o●te
tymes
what
longeth
to
the
honour
and
worshyp
of
knyghthodo
/
and
shuld
tel
●ym
of
the
worshypfull
dedes
that
the
worthy
men
haue
done
before
tyme
▪
Also
he
shuld
let
hym
know
which
ben
good
men
●nd
better
men
and
best
men
of
his
faders
howse
/
And
on
the
tother
parte
whiche
that
ought
moste
to
be
worshypped
▪
Also
he
muste
shewe
hym
what
is
the
maner
of
batayle
&
the
worshyp
in
armes
how
men
fyghten
▪
how
men
assaylen
.
how
men
defende
them
/
and
for
what
quarelles
men
shuld
do
armes
&
fyght
▪
what
har●es
is
best
moste
stronge
and
moste
sewre●or
the
most
easy
▪
and
he
shuld
tell
hym
the
causes
why
▪
And
how
a
man
shuld
haue
dyuers
a●mures
/
after
the
case
requyreth
of
the
batayle
or
of
the
armes
that
he
shall
do
/
howe
men
dyd
somtyme
/
and
how
men
do
now
and
how
he
shulde
preyse
the
good
and
worshypfull
men
and
to
drawe
them
towarde
hym
loue
them
and
worshyp
them
▪
And
all
suche
goodly
thyngꝭ
he
shuld
do
▪
And
that
knyght
ought
to
take
good
hede
that
aboute
the
prynces
sone
there
be
nouther
great
man
●e
small
/
vse
no
dyshonest
tales
/
nor
that
they
induce
hym
nat
to
no
foly
▪
Also
he
ought
to
take
good
hede
that
the
chyldren
which
ben
about
hym
be
well
nory●shed
and
well
manered
to
that
entent
that
they
brynge
hym
nat
for
to
do
lewdely
nor
folys●hely
/
And
if
the
prynces
sone
do
amysse
/
he
shuld
correcte
hym
saying
in
this
wyse
that
it
accordeth
nat
to
the
state
of
a
prynce
for
to
do
so
▪
And
if
he
wyll
nat
amende
hym selfe
/
it
shall
be
to
his
great
shame
/
for
a
prynce
without
honour
is
nothyng
worthe
▪
And
if
he
wyll
nat
be
gouerned
otherwyse
that
he
wyll
leue
hym
&
go
●ro
hym
/
and
thus
he
shuld
say
to
hym
oft
tymes
▪
And
vnder
this
fourme
they
shuld
be
gouerned
if
they
wolde
attayne
to
worshyp
in
tyme
to
come
/
And
this
affermeth
valere
in
his
boke
whiche
speketh
how
the
auncyent
wyse
men
induced
theyr
chyldren
to
good
maners
▪
And
for
to
take
vpon
them
that
hardnes
of
great
empryses
of
worshyp
and
manhode
▪
For
they
shewed
them
the
great
worthynes
and
dedes
of
good
knyghtes
.
And
shewed
them
also
other
good
ensamples
seyinge
how
that
no
man
myght
come
to
the
degre
of
worshyp
but
by
vertue
▪
And
at
meete
tymes
made
synge
gestes
of
the
worthy
men
that
were
past
out
of
the
world
/
and
of
the
worshypfull
dedes
of
theyr
predecessours
/
to
that
entent
that
the
wyll
of
yonge
folkes
shulde
be
the
more
couraged
/
And
thus
sayth
valere
that
the
olde
auncyent
men
taught
thus
theyr
chyldren
▪
And
then
were
scoles
kept
of
the
worthynes
of
knyghthode
and
of
good
maners
/
of
the
whiche
scoles
he
sayth
come
out
the
●esares
/
and
the
noble
lygnes
renomed
in
prowesse
&
manhode
▪
So
it
is
no
doute
that
by
good
ensamples
and
by
wyse
steringes
/
ofte
tymes
to
here
&
se
in
chyldhode
may
be
the
cause
that
a
man
shall
come
to
excellence
in
all
vertues
:
And
semblably
by
euyll
doctryne
/
they
may
be
brought
in
to
the
way
of
pardycyon
▪
For
●uerroys
sayth
in
the
seconde
boke
of
●hyseques
/
that
a
man
may
get
hym
a
seconde
nature
▪
that
is
to
knowe
by
longe
custome
of
good
or
euyll
▪
And
therfore
the
frendes
to
theyr
power
oughte
to
kepe
theyr
chyldren
from
euyll
customes
takynge
in
theyr
youthe
▪
For
as
Orose
sayth
the
erthen
pot
wyll
kepe
longe
the
swete
taste
of
that
lycoure
that
it
is
firste
occupyed
with
.
And
for
this
cause
they
of
Grece●
that
gouerned
them
somtyme
by
great
knowynge
&
malyce
.
payned
them selfe
in
suche
wyse
that
these
people
that
they
hated
shuld
take
dylectacyon
ineuyll
customes
/
&
by
such
meanes
founde
wayes
to
be
venged
vpon
them
¶
The
exhortacyons
that
men
shulde
make
to
the
chyldren
of
prynces
.
Capitulo
.
v.
●●so
the
sone
of
the
prynce
he
beyng
in
chyldhode
ought
to
be
at
somtymes
brought
in
to
couns●yle
where
that
the
wyse
men
ben
assembled
that
determyne
the
nedes
of
the
lande
/
and
the
causes
that
fallen
therin
▪
And
the
ordre
to
gouer
ne
well
the
polycye
to
that
entent
that
from
his
chyldhode
he
shulde
be
desyrous
to
here
and
speke
of
the
gouenaunce
of
the
lordshyp
whiche
he
is
borne
vnto
/
and
that
he
is
eyre
of
▪
so
that
he
may
at
all
tymes
lerne
to
speke
and
to
answere
▪
of
all
suche
thynges
as
belongeth
vnto
hym
/
And
the
knyghtes
and
the
wyse
men
shulde
say
vnto
hym
that
he
shulde
take
good
hede
of
that
he
hereth
theym
speke
in
counceyle
/
and
that
he
bere
it
well
awaye
in
his
mynde
▪
¶
Furthermore
they
that
haue
hym
in
gouernaunce
ought
to
make
byfore
hym
▪
all
maner
of
straunge
thynges
of
dyuers
countrees
▪
And
of
the
customes
of
men
of
werre
.
of
batayles
.
And
of
the
gouernaunce
of
dyuers
places
.
of
dyuers
armes
▪
Also
of
the
feete
of
clergy
/
of
the
pope
and
of
the
churche
▪
And
the
commaundementes
to
be
shewed
vnto
hym
by
doctoures
of
Theologye
▪
¶
And
all
that
a
man
ought
to
byleue
as
a
good
crysten
man
:
Also
he
shulde
here
Sermons
&
collacions
of
clerkes
at
somtymes
▪
And
at
somtyme
to
here
speke
of
the
comons
.
of
marchauntꝭ
.
of
labourers
how
they
leue
and
cheuys●he
them selfe
.
of
ryche
men
/
&
poore
men
.
And
also
of
all
maner
thynges
to
that
entent
that
in
his
vnderstandyng
he
be
nat
ygnoraunt
of
no
maner
thyng
that
ought
to
be
vertuously
knowen
▪
¶
For
the
Phylosopher
sayth
that
man
is
nat
wyse
that
hath
nat
vnderstandyng
in
all
maner
thynges
:
¶
And
also
it
is
ryght
well
done
that
his
body
be
put
in
excercyse
of
some
maner
of
labour
&
trauayle
▪
as
in
playng
at
ye●ame
or
at
the
baase
or
other
lyke
playes
/
so
that
it
be
nat
ouer
moche
.
but
mesurably
to
that
entent
▪
that
he
war
nat
to
wery
nor
●o
heuy
/
nor
gowrdy
by
to
moch
rest
/
nor
that
it
cause
nat
the
superf●ue
humours
for
to
gadre
in
hym
/
semblably
it
shuld
be
tolde
hym
of
the
poore
&
nedy
people
&
shewe
them
hym
/
&
tell
hym
that
he
ought
to
haue
pyte
and
compassyon
vpon
them
.
●nd
that
he
do
them
good
for
the
loue
of
god
/
whiche
shall
〈…〉
a
meane
for
to
gette
hym
paradyse
▪
And
also
that
he
haue
py
〈…〉
vp
on
poore
gentylwomen
and
orphalynes
and
socoure
them
in
theyr
nedes
for
the
loue
of
god
and
gentylnesse
▪
And
to
a
〈…〉
poore
women
and
men
to
his
power
▪
And
gentylly
here
they
〈…〉
requestes
/
and
they
shuld
enduce
hym
also
to
be
benygne
an
〈…〉
humble
and
trew
/
and
tell
hym
and
she
we
hym
that
nat
with
standynge
though
he
/
by
the
grace
of
god
be
chosen
to
so
gret
estate
.
yet
he
is
as
mortall
as
another
/
and
shal
here
nothyng
with
hym
out
of
this
worlde
/
but
the
good
dedes
and
the
euyll
that
he
hathe
done
in
this
worlde
▪
And
for
as
moche
as
he
is
gretter
than
another
man
/
he
shall
yelde
the
gr●tter
accompt●
Also
he
ought
nat
to
be
proude
nor
feers
in
corage
thoughe
so
be
that
men
do
hym
great
re●erences
and
worshyppes
/
but
ought
to
yelde
all
the
graces
to
god
/
and
shuld
knowe
the
great
gyftes
that
he
receyueth
of
our
lorde
/
And
all
suche
good
ensamples
&
mocyons
wolde
he
shewed
to
the
sone
of
the
prynce
/
yet
nat
withstandynge
this
he
muste
be
suffred
at
somtymes
for
to
playe
and
take
his
dysportes
lyke
as
it
is
rehersed
here
tofore
▪
And
alwayes
amonge
it
shuld
nat
be
forgoten
to
st●r●
hym
to
good
vertues
and
maners
.
¶
●ere
it
telleth
what
the
yonge
prynce
ought
to
do
when
he
begynneth
to
gouerne
.
Capitulo
.
vi
▪
WHen
the
sone
of
the
prynce
is
ful
growen
and
come
to
his
age
and
to
the
tyme
of
receyuyng
his
lordshyp
&
so
s●sed
in
his
herytage
by
successyon
/
be
it
of
Realme
or
other
lordshyp
/
Then
lyke
as
after
the
flowres
of
trees
sheweth
the
fruyte
/
In
lyke
wyse
shuld
appere
and
●e
shewed
in
hym
the
perfeccyon
of
vertue
/
after
the
ensample
of
Charles
the
fyfte
the
wyse
kynge
of
Fraunce
/
whiche
helde
well
the
wayes
of
vertue
▪
For
after
that
he
was
cr●wned
/
nat
withstan
dynge
that
it
was
in
the
flowre
of
his
youthe
/
there
was
neuer
persone
that
euer
cowde
take
hym
with
any
thynge
of
dis
honeste
nor
that
he
neuer
occupyed
tyme
/
but
in
all
vertues
&
commendable
thynges
●lyke
as
I
haue
wryten
of
hym
byfore
this
tyme
in
the
boke
that
speketh
of
his
artes
and
dedes
and
of
his
good
maners
▪
And
in
thre
thyng
the
vertues
of
a
prynce
ought
to
be
shewed
without
whiche
he
may
nat
getene
haue
the
crowne
of
his
good
name
nor
of
his
renowne
and
by
con
sequent
of
worshyp
.
The
firste
is
/
and
the
moste
pryncypall
loue
god
and
drede
hym
/
and
serue
hym
without
feynyng
▪
And
rather
to
serue
hym
with
good
dedes
/
than
be
to
longe
lyinge
in
his
orysons
/
Another
is
this
▪
he
ought
to
loue
syngulerly
the
encrese
of
his
Realme
and
of
his
people
▪
And
in
that
poynt
he
ought
to
set
his
studye
rather
than
vpon
his
synguler
profyte
▪
The
thirde
is
that
soueraygnely
he
ought
to
loue
Iustyce
and
kepe
it
▪
and
holde
it
without
brekyng
/
And
he
shuld
do
equyte
to
all
people
/
and
by
obseruynge
of
these
thre
poyntes
▪
he
shall
be
crowned
with
glory
bothe
in
heuen
&
in
erth
▪
Now
from
hensforth
we
wyll
contynewe
in
our
mater
as
in
the
firste
partye
whiche
speketh
of
the
heed
/
That
is
to
wyt
of
the
prynce
or
of
prynces
and
we
wyll
founde
vs
vpon
these
thre
poyntes
/
And
for
to
speke
of
the
firste
poynte
whiche
is
for
to
loue
god
out
of
the
whiche
we
shuld
drawe
many
braunches
of
vertue
that
hangeth
there
vpon
/
&
all
to
our
purpose
/
And
after
this
in
lyke
wyse
for
to
speke
of
the
tother
tweyne
.
¶
Of
the
sadde
auyse
that
is
couenable
for
a
yonge
prynce
for
to
haue
▪
Capitulo
.
vii
.
THe
good
prynce
that
loueth
god
/
wyl
be
frede
to
do
any
thynge
what
someuer
it
he
ayenst
the
reuerence
and
commaundement
of
god
/
and
wyll
payne
hym self
to
knowe
all
thynges
that
hym
ought
to
do
/
And
all
suche
thyng●
as
hym
ought
nat
to
do
/
And
by
the
lernynge
of
this
he
shall
perceyue
and
knowe
his
fragylyte
&
that
he
is
a
man
mortall
.
subiecte
to
shorte
lyfe
passyoned
with
mortall
thynges
.
Naturell
and
●●eell
as
another
man
without
any
dyfference
/
excepte
the
goodes
of
fortune
/
But
when
he
shall
studye
the
lawe
of
god
to
be
wel
enfourmed
therin
lyke
as
a
good
cristen
man
ought
to
be
/
he
wyl
auyse
hym self
well
vpon
the
perell
of
these
goodes
for
hurtynge
of
his
scule
.
That
is
to
wete
if
he
vse
them
nat
well
he
is
loste
/
And
that
he
dothe
by
the
great
lordshyp
that
he
occupyeth
/
is
nat
ellys
but
an
offyce
transytory
/
and
of
lytell
durynge
and
that
he
muste
nedes
leue
it
in
shorte
tyme
.
That
is
to
knowe
by
waye
of
deth
/
whiche
is
derke
and
a
fere
full
passage
/
and
the
counte
that
he
muste
yelde
byfore
that
Iuge
that
no
thynge
is
hyd
fro
▪
whiche
wyll
rewarde
euery
man
after
his
deseruynge
.
●han
if
the
prynce
remembre
this
〈…〉
he
shal
fynde
mater
ynought
for
to
preyse
but
lytell
these
worldly
worshyppes
and
goodes
.
whiche
ben
so
full
of
peryll
and
solyt●ll
whyle
durynge
/
All
suche
thoughtes
and
remem
braunces
▪
euery
good
prynce
ought
to
haue
in
his
herte
/
whiche
shall
cause
to
defende
hym selfe
agaynst
the
great
arreysynge
of
Pryde
and
mysknowynge
his
persone
/
But
yet
for
all
this
●●then
that
our
lorde
hath
chosen
them
to
the
offyce
of
l●●●shyp
/
they
ought
to
meynteyne
it
by
worldly
wysdome
&
discre●syon
morall
●●en
may
he
thynke
that
he
shall
rewle
and
gouerne
the
lawe
lyke
a
prynce
with
good
and
vertuous
maners
.
And
also
he
muste
be
dylygent
in
all
thynges
that
longeth
to
the
comen
wele
of
his
Realme
and
to
kepe
them
in
peas
to
his
power
.
And
also
he
shulde
vse
so
dyscretely
his
honoures
&
magnyficienc●
that
be●
gyuen
to
hym
/
in
suche
wyse
that
his
herte
be
nat
empeched
nor
arreysed
on
heyght
ayenst
his
god
.
This
good
prynce
as
goddes
vycary
in
erthe
muste
take
hede
with
a
great
herte
to
the
wele
of
the
Churche
to
that
entent
that
his
creature
ought
to
be
seruyd
dewely
as
ferre
as
his
reason
maye
gyue
hym
.
And
if
there
fall
any
dyscorde
by
the
Instygacyon
of
the
deuyll
our
ennemye
he
ought
to
make
peas
what
laboure
that
euer
he
take
therfore
.
And
that
he
take
good
hede
also
to
the
promocyons
of
his
mynysters
that
they
make
noo
request
for
none
of
his
seruauntes
/
nor
none
other
thoughe
he
loue
hym
neuer
so
well
/
in
lasse
than
he
vnderstande
that
he
be
a
clerke
/
A
good
man
and
able
to
serue
god
in
that
prebende
that
he
desyres
.
And
of
this
he
ought
to
enquere
dylygently
.
or
that
he
gyue
it
/
or
ellys
he
chargeth
greatly
his
conscyence
/
and
is
cause
of
theyr
dampnacion
that
ben
promoted
by
hym
to
theyr
benefyces
/
and
be
nat
able
thet
to
as
it
is
founde
in
the
decrees
.
But
nowe
a
dayes
/
there
is
no
suche
rewle
kepte
/
and
that
is
great
pyte
.
For
god
knoweth
if
that
suffycyaunce
of
clergye
/
or
a
good
man
&
of
Iuste
lyfe
be
nowe
a
dayes
the
causes
of
the
promocyons
of
clerkes
/
Certeynly
nay
.
but
oft
tymes
they
ben
gyuen
by
meanes
of
flaterynge
/
by
adulacyon
.
and
other
wyckednesse
.
and
by
the
prayers
of
lordes
.
¶
And
so
it
apperyth
by
the
ruyne
of
the
shyppe
with
what
wynde
it
is
smyten
.
For
the
false
couetyse
is
the
●●cheson
of
theyr
promocyons
.
¶
And
this
causeth
theym
to
fall
in
great
and
horryble
erroure
and
so
blynded
in
the
Chur
che
/
that
it
is
meruayle
withoute
goddes
mercy
that
euer
it
maye
be
in
reste
and
peas
.
for
the
fowle
Symony
and
other
inconuenyentes
that
falle
ther
to
/
Alas
and
as
our
lorde
Ihesu
criste
sayth
in
the
Euangelye
spekynge
to
the
Pharysees
.
The
quene
of
Saba
that
came
out
of
ferre
countrees
for
to
vnderstande
the
wysedome
of
Salamon
.
shall
condempne
you
/
that
haue
with
you
more
than
Salamon
.
and
wyll
nat
knowe
it
.
So
in
lyke
wyse
the
paynems
whiche
kepte
theyr
lawe
〈…〉
yme
dylygently
and
without
trespasse
in
great
reuerence
obseruynge
all
theyr
cerymonyes
▪
natwithstandyng
that
they
were
false
and
reproued
of
god
may
be
in
reprefe
to
cristen
men
/
whiche
obserue
nat
&
kepe
nat
theyr
lawes
that
ben
so
holy
▪
Is
it
nat
wryten
of
these
auncyent
paynems
that
they
had
so
great
deuocyon
to
theyr
Idoles
and
goddes
/
that
they
were
so
dylygent
and
curyous
in
all
thynges
/
that
all
maner
ordynaunces
and
stablysshynges
that
they
made
were
wele
kepte
:
And
also
the
prcestes
that
dyd
the
sacryfyces
shuld
be
men
of
feyre
and
honest
lyfe
.
And
if
they
were
founde
in
the
contrarye
/
they
were
punysshed
right
egerly
▪
And
they
were
so
streytly
taken
hede
vpon
that
they
wolde
nat
suffre
them
to
fayle
of
theyr
seruyce
/
nor
in
no
wyse
to
be
vycyous
/
And
as
valere
sayth
that
was
right
well
shewed
at
Rome
as
it
is
declared
in
the
firste
chaptre
of
his
booke
/
how
it
happed
vpon
a
tyme
that
the
chaplet
fyll
downe
of
one
of
the
preest●
he
des
whiche
dyd
the
obseruaunces
of
theyr
sacryfyce
/
whiche
chapelet
was
a
propre
rayment
that
they
vsed
at
that
tyme
▪
lyke
as
we
myght
say
a
mytre
And
for
bycause
he
was
so
ne
clygent
that
his
chapelet
felle
so
fro
hym
at
the
tyme
of
theyr
seruyce
/
they
thught
he
was
nat
worthy
to
kepe
that
off
yee
/
&
so
they
deposed
hym
:
And
in
lyke
wyse
they
dyd
by
a
virgyne
that
was
yelden
in
to
a
temple
of
one
of
theyr
goddesses
whiche
was
called
Uest
a
●nd
for
bycause
that
this
virgyn
that
was
as
men
myght
say
a
Nunne
was
neclygent
to
:
ake
hede
of
a
lampe
that
shulde
at
no
tyme
be
lefte
vn●●ght
/
and
for
by
cause
that
oones
it
was
nat
attended
with
oyle
it
happed
to
be
quenched
/
she
was
to
greueusly
punysshed
therfore
and
deposed
of
her
offyce
.
And
many
other
ensamples
I
cowde
shewe
you
of
theyr
sadde
rewles
that
were
kept
amonge
them
and
I
had
any
leyser
/
But
nowe
a
dayes
amonge
vs
here
there
ben
many
of
our
pontyfy●alles
and
preestes
in
whiche
is
seen
openly
great
plente
of
horryble
diffaut
/
And
there
is
nopryn
ce
ne
none
other
man
that
wyll
ones
repreue
them
of
theyr
defautes
/
but
suche
there
be
that
excuse
them selfe
or
they
be
accused
and
say
they
be
men
&
none
aungelles
/
And
that
it
is
the
nature
of
man
for
to
synnes
Alas
suche
ben
no
men
for
the
body
of
man
is
but
a
lytell
vessell
/
whiche
may
be
fylled
with
a
lytell
thynge
but
they
be
very
deuylles
&
swolowers
of
helle
For
lyke
as
the
moutne
of
hell
may
neuer
be
satisfyed
nor
fylled
/
though
it
receyue
neuer
so
moche
.
no
more
may
theyr
desy
res
be
fulf●ylled
no
staunchyd
for
the
great
coueryse
that
is
in
them
&
the
great
delyt●
for
whiche
cause
all
euyll
thyng
is
comon
to
them
&
the
wordes
of
valere
may
well
be
veryfyed
in
them
/
that
sayth
/
what
maner
thyng
is
that
may
it
aunche
the
insa●yable
man
from
couetyse
/
So
than
the
good
paynce
ought
to
take
hede
to
al
these
thyng
/
●●r
though
so
be
that
the
correccion
of
people
of
the
churche
lyeth
nat
alloonly
in
hym
noo
longeth
nat
to
hym
/
yet
wher
is
the
prelate
be
he
neuer
so
gre●●e
other
p●●est
in
clerke
y●
durst
with
say
or
murmur
ayenst
the
prynce
▪
though
he
rebuke
of
his
hyghnes
the
vyces
&
synnes
of
suche
people
/
And
ouer
this
the
good
prynce
ought
to
take
good
hede
that
the
temple
and
the
howse
of
god
be
nat
pollutyd
n●
fowlyd
by
dy
uers
synnes
done
there
in
/
lyke
as
our
cristen
men
do
now●
a
dayes
/
as
Marchaunt
and
other
estat
/
whiche
haue
no
shame
to
holde
theyr
Pariymentes
of
theyr
wo●●dly
maters
and
god
knoweth
they
make
many
false
contractes
▪
And
yet
our
lorde
Ihesu
criste
spake
to
such
folkes
in
the
gospell
.
When
he
sayd
/
wyll
ye
make
of
the
temple
of
my
fader
which
is
an
howse
of
prayer
/
a
house
o●
a
ca●e
of
th●u●s
or
a
place
of
erthly
thing
yet
more
ouer
to
our
damp●acpon
/
The
ordre
that
the
payne●s
〈…〉
as
valere
●●cordeth
vnto
the
same
purpose
of
y●
〈◊〉
that
the
Romaynes
had
to
they
:
goddes
/
speketh
of
〈…〉
that
is
to
know
of
two
du●
&
prync●
of
Rome
whiche
were
with
a
great
hooste
in
straunge
lande
/
but
for
by
cause
oonly
that
they
hylde
the
counsayle
of
theyr
ordynaunce
in
the
temple
.
The
senatoures
of
Rome
,
that
is
to
say
the
great
counseyle
of
the
soueraygnes
deposed
them
of
theyr
offyces
/
nat
withstandynge
that
they
were
passynge
worthy
and
worshypfull
men
/
And
in
lyke
wyse
they
dyd
by
another
prynce
that
was
called
Fabius
maximus
whiche
was
a●
o●de
famous
knyght
in
armes
/
and
was
deposed
from
the
hyghest
offyce
of
prynce
that
was
in
〈…〉
me
/
that
is
to
say
of
the
offyce
that
was
called
dictatour
▪
for
from
all
otther
prynces
men
myght
after
theyr
ordynaunce●
&
statute
appele
to
the
hyght
estate
of
the
dictatour
.
And
further
than
that
▪
there
myght
no
man
appele
/
and
he
was
deposed
for
no
thyng
ellys
/
but
for
bycause
that
he
h●ro●
certayne
questyons
in
the
temple
of
dyuers
thynges
/
&
in
lyke
wyse
/
they
deposed
●ayns
●●myns
from
his
ryalte●
whiche
was
right
a
great
cheuetayne
of
men
of
armes
/
But
alas
nowe
a
dayes
they
be
nat
deposed
that
make
theyr
Parlymentes
and
assembles
in
the
churche
/
but
maketh
the
churche
as
fowle
stables
for
horses
.
¶
Of
the
obseruaunces
and
the
lawe
that
a
good
prynce
ought
to
holde
.
Capitulo
.
viii
.
●●e
good
prynce
that
leueth
god
ought
to
haue
the
great
cōmaū●ement
/
in
his
mynde
/
and
how
the
hyghe
name
of
god
ought
nat
to
be
taken
in
veyne
/
And
therfore
he
shulde
make
a
crye
/
in
all
his
lande
by
the
which
he
shuld
diffende
on
payne
of
great
punyssyon
/
that
no
maner
of
man
shuld
customably
swertue
forsake
his
creatour
▪
Alas
/
it
were
great
nede
now
a
dayes
/
in
Fraunce
that
such
a
crye
were
made
▪
For
this
horroure
is
so
great
and
vnyuersall
amonge
the
people
of
the
inreuerence
of
theyr
creature
/
that
vi●●eth
there
〈…〉
other
langage
be
it
in
game
or
ernest
but
swere
horribly
at
the
affirmacion
of
euery
worde
by
the
tormentes
of
our
lordes
pas
syon
/
whiche
is
our
redemptour
/
and
Reyne
and
forsake
god
/
I
byleue
that
the
paynems
in
olde
tyme
had
ben
full
lothe
for
to
haue
sworne
so
by
theyr
Idoles
and
goddes
.
All
suche
maner
thynges
the
good
prynce
ought
to
defende
.
For
it
is
contrary
and
reprouable
to
the
Relygyon
of
all
cristenmen
.
And
it
may
be
cause
to
gette
goddes
wrothe
and
the
subuersion
of
●eames
and
countrees
/
where
that
it
reygneth
/
as
it
is
conteyned
in
dyuers
prophecyes
/
And
thus
euery
good
prynce
that
lo
ueth
god
ought
to
kepe
and
obserue
dylygently
the
lawe
dyuyne
and
the
holy
establysshyngs
in
these
thyng
and
●t
all
other
that
ben
worshypfull
and
deuoute
whiche
I
leue
to
declare
at
this
tyme
for
lacke
of
leyser
and
shortnes
of
tyme
.
And
for
by
cause
also
that
moche
spekynge
of
this
mater
noyeth
some
folkes
▪
whiche
deyneth
nat
to
obserue
and
kepe
these
thynges
afore
rehersed
.
●ut
the
good
prynce
that
kepeth
this
/
the
good
lorde
aboue
wyll
dyffende
hym
and
kepe
hym
&
encreate
hym
in
vertue
both
of
body
and
soule
.
And
why
shuld
nat
he
haue
the
tayth
in
that
almyghty
and
iuste
lorde
.
when
the
paynems
had
a
truste
and
an
hope
that
by
theyr
goddes
they
were
rele●yd
and
greatly
set
vp
as
it
apperyth
by
that
/
that
valere
recommendeth
of
the
Cyte
of
Rome
in
so
moch
as
they
had
so
great
wyll
to
the
seruyce
of
theyr
goddes
.
And
sayth
thus
▪
ou
〈…〉
hath
sette
asyde
all
maner
thynges
for
the
seruyce
of
the
goddes
.
And
also
these
thynges
oonly
that
kept
the
worshyp
and
the
soueraygne
mageste
/
●hat
is
to
say
of
the
Emperours
/
for
they
had
a
very
byleue
that
in
wynnyng
of
these
worshyppes
to
theyr
goddes
they
gate
the
rewle
and
gouernaunce
of
all
the
worlde
/
And
therfore
the
Emperoures
of
our
cyte
and
all
other
generally
haue
nat
be
wery
nor
neclygent
to
serue
trewelyth
it
●●ddes
/
So
this
suffyceth
at
this
tyme
as
for
the
fyrste
poynt
●●
our
firste
party
/
whiche
speketh
how
that
the
vertue
of
prynces
ought
to
be
firste
founded
and
shewed
in
that
/
that
he
shuld
serue
and
brede
god
.
¶
Howe
that
a
good
prynce
ought
to
be
ressemblyd
to
a
good
shepeherde
▪
Capitulo
.
ix
.
●Nwe
we
haue
towched
in
the
firste
poynte
▪
where
vpon
the
bounte
of
the
prynce
ought
to
be
pryncypally
foun
●ed
.
And
here
after
we
muste
speke
of
the
seconde
poynte
/
that
is
to
knowe
that
the
good
prynce
ought
to
loue
▪
yngulery
the
comon
we
le
/
and
the
encreace
therof
more
than
of
his
owne
▪
after
the
doctryne
of
Arystotyle
▪
whiche
is
declared
in
his
booke
of
polytykes
/
that
sayth
that
tyrannye
is
when
a
prynce
getteth
more
goodes
for
his
owne
profyte
/
then
for
the
comon
wele
And
that
is
also
agaynst
the
lordshyp
Royall
for
he
ought
to
be
more
dylygent
to
encreace
the
wele
of
his
comons
than
his
owne
wele
▪
Nowe
it
muste
be
deuyled
in
what
maner
he
may
●lande
and
shewe
this
loue
▪
The
good
prynce
that
loueth
his
lande
muste
kepe
his
people
dylygently
after
the
ensample
of
a
good
Shepeherde
/
whiche
kepyth
well
his
shepe
and
maketh
good
watche
by
great
dilygence
for
to
defende
them
from
the
wolfe
and
other
euyll
beestes
/
and
that
they
be
clenly
kept
and
in
helthe
to
that
entent
.
that
they
may
encerace
and
frutyfye
and
yelde
theyr
wolle
hoole
and
sounde
▪
and
made
fatte
by
the
e●the
by
the
whiche
they
be
norysshed
and
kept
/
So
that
the
shepeherde
maye
be
well
payde
of
the
fleces
gadred
in
season
▪
But
the
great
ryche
shepeherde
that
gyueth
great
good
to
kepe
his
shepe
/
for
bycause
he
maye
nat
kepe
all
his
flokes
hym selfe
purueyeth
hym
of
helpe
good
&
couenable
/
&
taketh
with
hym
good
dylygent
.
and
wyse
seruant
/
whiche
he
knoweth
w●ll
that
they
ben
trewe
and
loue
his
profyte
/
Then
he
ordeyneth
that
these
men
shulde
be
well
garnysshed
of
good
and
myghty
houndes
well
colered
with
yron
.
which
houndes
ben
wel
wont
to
chase
the
wolfes
out
of
the
feldes
/
and
at
nyght
they
leue
them
vntyed
to
kepe
the
shepe
/
to
that
entent
that
the
theues
come
nat
preuely
for
to
stele
them
/
but
that
anone
they
be
redy
to
ronne
vpon
them
/
And
in
the
day
tyme
they
tye
them
to
theyr
gyrdelles
aboute
them
whyle
the
shepe
pasturen
peasybly
in
the
feldes
▪
But
and
it
happen
that
the
sayde
seruauntes
here
any
noyse
of
wolues
or
any
other
euyll
beestes
commynge
out
of
the
woodes
or
from
the
mountaynes
/
Than
anone
they
let
lo●ose
theyr
houndes
and
let
theym
ronne
and
comforte
them
strongly
and
for
to
gyue
them
the
more
hardynes
/
they
ronne
after
theyr
houndes
with
good
staues
well
pyked
with
yron
agaynst
the
wolues
or
other
euyll
beestes
/
and
if
it
happen
that
any
of
the
shepe
go
out
of
the
flocke
/
the
good
houndes
whiche
ben
well
wonte
therto
ronneth
after
and
fe
cheth
hym
i
agayne
without
doynge
hym
any
harme
.
And
by
these
meanes
the
wyse
seruauntes
diffende
them
&
kepe
them
so
well
that
they
yelde
a
good
accounte
to
the
soueraygne
she
peherde
whiche
taketh
right
good
heede
to
theyr
rewle●
In
lyke
wyse
to
our
purpose
/
is
the
good
prynce
.
Whiche
is
alway
besy
and
dylygent
for
the
saufgarde
&
the
dyffence
of
his
countre
and
of
his
people
▪
to
the
whiche
saufgarde
and
diffence
is
nat
possyble
that
his
owne
persone
may
be
in
euery
place
where
charges
lyeth
in
▪
Therfore
he
shuld
puruey
to
gette
hym
good
helpe
as
well
for
the
feete
of
knyghthode
as
other
wayes
That
is
to
knowe
of
worthy
cheueteynes
that
he
knoweth
for
good
&
trewe
&
such
as
loueth
hym
tenderly
▪
as
Counstable
/
marchall
Amyrall
▪
&
other
men
▪
to
the
which
he
gyueth
charge
vnto
/
to
make
prouysyon
of
good
men
of
armes
well
vsed
and
lerned
in
the
werre
/
whiche
he
byndeth
them
by
theyr
othe
to
be
aboute
hym
▪
and
departe
nat
without
his
leue
but
be
redy
alwayes
to
do
his
commaundement
.
to
that
entent
/
if
it
be
nede
that
they
be
redy
for
to
go
agaynst
theyr
enemyes
▪
so
that
the
countrey
be
nat
dyffowled
nor
the
people
robbyd
ne
slayne
.
¶
It
is
nat
to
vnderstande
that
the
men
of
armes
them selfe
shuld
diffowle
and
pyle
the
countrey
lyke
as
they
do
in
Fraunce
now
a
dayes
.
wherfore
as
in
other
countrees
they
durste
nat
do
so
▪
which
is
a
great
myschefe
&
an
ouerthwarte
ordynaunce
▪
that
they
that
ben
stablysshed
and
ordeyned
for
the
defence
of
the
people
.
They
them self
pyle
them
&
robbe
them
full
cruelly
/
suche
there
ben
that
without
kyllynge
or
settynge
theyr
howses
a
fyre
the
enemyes
myght
do
no
more
to
them
.
This
is
nat
the
ryghtfull
meanes
of
werre
whiche
ought
to
be
Iuste
and
without
extorcion
/
But
the
men
of
werre
and
the
prynces
that
sende
them
to
werre
/
so
on
the
people
ben
in
great
peryll
that
the
wrath
of
god
fall
nat
vpon
them
&
greuously
to
punysshe
them
.
For
it
is
no
doute
that
the
cursynge
of
the
people
/
ryght
fully
gyuen
by
suffrynge
of
to
great
oppressynge
/
may
cause
before
god
many
euyll
auentures
for
to
fall
▪
lyke
as
we
fynde
ensample
in
holy
wryt
&
in
many
other
places
.
For
euery
man
ought
to
know
well
that
god
is
●ust
and
rightfull
/
And
this
great
faute
cometh
but
of
euyll
ordynaunce
.
For
and
the
men
of
werre
were
well
payde
▪
men
myght
charge
theym
in
payne
of
deth
that
they
shuld
take
no
manes
good
vnpayde
for
/
And
by
suche
meanes
men
shuld
fynde
vytayles
&
all
other
thynges
ynoughe
▪
that
were
necessary
and
great
chepe
ynoughe
&
pleute
/
me
thynke
it
is
a
great
meruayle
▪
how
the
people
may
lyue
vnder
this
ordynaunce
▪
and
of
the
pyte
of
theyr
lyfe
there
is
no
compassion
.
Now
the
holy
goost
fader
of
the
poore
people
haue
mercy
on
them
and
byset
them
.
●ow
to
the
purpose
aforesayd
▪
if
a
shepeherde
had
an
hounde
that
wolde
ronne
vpon
his
shepe
▪
anone
he
wold
gyue
hym
a
great
stroke
with
his
staffe
Then
it
is
nat
syttynge
for
a
good
prynce
that
loueth
god
&
his
people
/
to
suffre
his
people
to
be
robbed
&
pyled
/
&
lyke
as
the
houndes
lye
vnbounden
in
the
nyght
to
kepe
the
shepe
from
theues
in
lyke
wyse
the
cheueteynes
ought
to
set
watche
and
espyes
vpon
the
Frounteres
and
to
sende
ferre
aboute
them
to
that
entent
/
that
the
countrey
and
the
people
be
nat
stolen
vpon
the
nyght
with
theues
/
nor
by
no
maner
of
cautele
.
And
also
that
they
may
vnderstande
the
couyne
of
theyr
enemyes
:
yet
there
longeth
another
offyce
to
the
men
of
armes
.
and
that
is
this
/
lyke
as
the
good
hounde
getteth
agayne
the
shepe
that
is
gone
out
from
the
flocke
/
in
suche
wyse
ought
they
to
brynge
in
the
poore
comons
if
they
wold
erre
or
fall
in
euyll
wyll
of
rebellyon
outher
by
manaces
or
ellys
that
they
take
good
heede
of
them
.
And
for
bycause
that
it
myght
dysplease
/
and
be
meruayle
to
some
men
/
that
a
man
shulde
lyken
the
offyce
of
armes
to
the
nature
of
an
hounde
Certaynly
the
hounde
hath
many
propretees
.
whiche
a
good
man
of
armes
ought
to
take
heede
of
/
and
he
lyke
vnto
●or
the
hounde
loueth
his
mayster
meruaylously
well
/
and
is
full
trewe
vnto
hym
/
And
in
lyke
wyse
it
is
necessarye
to
the
good
man
of
armes
dyspose
hym selfe
to
the
dyffence
of
his
mayster
for
to
dye
therfore
/
And
when
he
is
commytted
to
haue
the
kepynge
of
any
place
/
He
hereth
clerely
and
watcheth
anone
/
and
maketh
hym
redy
for
to
god
vpon
the
euyll
doers
and
robbers
/
but
they
wyll
nat
byte
the
frendes
of
his
mayster
/
but
smelleth
them
naturally
/
nor
his
neyghboures
/
nor
theym
that
ben
of
the
howseholde
whiche
he
is
norysshed
in
●●ut
to
his
power
he
wyll
kepe
them
/
Also
an
hounde
is
right
hardy
and
feyghteth
with
great
vertue
.
Also
he
is
of
great
vnderstandynge
and
of
great
knowlege
/
and
ryght
louynge
to
hym
that
sheweth
hym
loue
/
And
all
these
condycyons
the
good
man
of
armes
ought
to
haue
.
¶
yet
of
the
same
.
BUt
for
to
come
agayne
to
our
firste
purpose
lyke
as
it
is
sayde
of
the
good
Shepeherde
whiche
taketh
good
hede
that
his
shepe
be
kept
clene
and
●helth
.
The
good
prynce
may
nat
at
all
tymes
put
the
hole
rewle
vnto
his
mynysters
But
he
hym selfe
lyke
a
man
that
is
benygne
/
ought
to
here
them
in
all
causes
as
ferre
as
he
may
.
And
he
shuld
nat
doute
nor
dispreyse
t
〈…〉
tuous
supplycacions
of
his
people
/
but
he
ought
benygnely
to
condissende
to
theyr
requestes
/
after
mercy
and
Iustyce
.
Also
he
ought
to
take
hede
that
they
be
nat
diffowled
nor
eten
by
false
off
yeers
and
mynysters
/
And
for
to
speke
clerely
of
this
purpose
/
a
man
must
haue
great
leyser
and
space
and
it
myght
happen
so
that
if
a
man
wolde
say
the
trouth
of
many
thynges
.
it
shuld
displese
dyuers
folkes
/
But
withouten
doute
it
is
great
pyte
/
that
suche
trouthe
shuld
be
hydde
and
kepte
close
for
any
feer
or
fauoure
of
any
persone
/
And
to
this
purpose
Seneke
speketh
well
.
in
the.
vi
.
boke
of
benefyces
in
the.
xxi
.
chaptre
/
I
wyll
shewe
the
he
sayth
.
Wherin
they
be
disceyued
that
be
lyft
vp
to
great
estate
/
And
what
lacketh
to
them
that
men
wene
haue
all
?
No
thyng
ellys
/
but
they
can
nat
fynde
no
man
that
wyll
tell
theym
trouthe
.
And
this
sentence
is
trewe
.
For
the
seruauntes
that
ben
aboute
the
prynces
say
nat
well
of
them
,
but
oonly
for
theyr
owne
synguler
profytes
.
wherfore
they
entende
no
thynge
but
to
flatery
&
speke
to
the
plesaunce
of
lordes
.
And
so
by
theyr
teyre
langage
they
blynde
theyr
soueraygnes
.
Therfore
it
is
wryten
in
the
thirde
booke
of
Polycratyque
in
the.
xii
.
chaptre
.
that
the
flaterer
is
enemy
to
all
vertues
/
&
that
he
is
fastened
as
a
nayle
in
the
mannes
●ye
that
he
is
aqueynted
with
.
And
to
the
purpose
of
these
offycers
:
that
is
to
knowe
of
the
euyll
and
except
the
good
without
moche
spekynge
of
theyr
dedes
I
wyll
nat
make
to
longe
processe
therof
.
But
wolde
god
that
the
prynces
knewe
them
well
&
vnderstode
theyr
dedes
and
what
people
they
haue
aboute
theym
for
mynystracyon
of
theyr
thynges
▪
And
me
thynketh
there
is
nothynge
that
is
so
fowle
ne
so
corrupte
as
is
the
conscyens
of
some
of
them
in
all
peruercytes
/
but
there
ben
many
that
can
by
grete
malyce
/
hyde
subtelly
theyr
vyces
vnder
fayned
symulacyon
/
and
vnder
a
fayre
coloure
▪
But
and
it
so
be
that
they
can
not
hyde
the
experyence
of
theyr
dedes
/
and
of
theyr
wordes
/
i
whiche
as
fayre
as
they
seme
/
there
is
no
trouthe
in
theym
/
nor
wyl
not
she
we
outwarde
the
open
peruersyte
to
them
that
falleth
in
theyr
daungers
/
&
in
theyr
hondes
▪
Nor
also
it
can
not
come
to
the
knowlege
of
theyr
lordes
.
And
also
no
man
dare
tell
them
for
fere
that
the
lorde
wolde
be
dyspleased
with
them
that
telleth
hym
the
trouthe
/
for
lordes
nowe
a
dayes
wyll
not
here
euyll
spoken
of
theyr
men
/
for
there
is
a
comon
worde
that
renneth
nowe
in
the
countree
for
to
say
▪
●y
lorde
hath
a
ryght
good
condycyon
with
hym
for
he
loueth
no
man
that
wyll
tell
hym
an
euyll
tale
of
his
seruaunte
▪
Alas
it
were
a
good
guyse
for
the
lordes
for
to
here
&
vnderstonde
the
rule
of
theyr
seruauntes
.
But
and
it
happened
that
ony
man
for
Enuye
accused
another
as
it
maye
happen
some
tyme
to
fall
/
than
when
the
lorde
had
well
enquyred
the
trouth
and
fyndeth
his
accusacyon
false
/
then
he
ought
to
punysshe
and
put
hym
out
of
his
house
as
a
false
lyer
/
&
an
●nuyous
man
▪
And
by
this
meane
/
theyr
fol●es
●●lde
d●ede
for
to
do
or
say
euyll
▪
and
it
sholde
sease
moche
ang●●
trouble
that
is
done
.
But
the
lorde
sholde
haue
wyll
that
euery
of
his
subiectes
sholde
do
theyr
offyces
in
peas
whiche
god
hath
called
them
to
▪
The
nobles
▪
lyke
as
they
ought
to
do
.
The
clargy
attende
theyr
scyence
&
to
theyr
deuyne
ser u yer
▪
The
marchauntes
to
theyr
marchaundyses
.
The
men
of
crafte
to
theyr
occupacyon
.
The
labourers
to
theyr
laboure
:
And
●●eu●ry
man
in
his
degre
to
lyue
with
good
polycy
without
doynge
on
y●r
●●●yon
nor
dyshonest
charge
to
that
〈…〉
that
they
maye
lyue
couenably
vnder
hym
/
and
that
they
maye
loue
hym
as
they
ought
to
loue
a
good
prynce
.
●nd
that
he
may
haue
of
them
the
reuenes
that
ought
reasonably
to
be
gadered
in
his
countre
without
to
grete
oppressynge
of
his
poore
comyns
/
lyke
as
Ualere
sayth
.
That
the
Emperoure
●beryus
answered
ones
to
theym
/
that
sayd
to
hym
/
why
he
set
no
gretter
subsydy
on
his
people
for
he
myght
well
do
it
/
he
answered
and
sayd
/
it
longeth
quod
he
to
a
shepeherde
to
shere
his
shepe
at
one
season
in
the
yere
/
but
not
to
flee
hym
nor
teere
his
skynne
/
in
suche
wyse
that
the
blode
come
after
.
¶
The
loue
that
the
good
prynce
ought
to
haue
to
his
subiectes
.
Capitulo
.
x.
THere
we
must
se
a
lytell
of
the
ryght
of
the
prynce
after
the
lawes
.
That
is
to
were
yf
the
good
prynce
may
set
ony
new
imposycyon
or
subsydy
vpon
his
people
aboue
his
demeynes
for
ony
cause
in
the
worlde
.
And
me
semeth
that
the
lawes
gyueth
lycence
ynoughe
and
graunteth
that
the
prynce
maye
do
it
in
some
case
.
Notwithstandynge
it
sholde
be
done
as
syldome
as
it
myght
.
And
for
to
knowe
for
what
cause
it
sholde
be
done
/
it
is
to
vnderstande
/
for
the
defence
of
his
londe
ayenst
his
enemyes
/
if
so
be
that
he
be
assayled
by
the
warre
/
for
the
whiche
he
must
holde
men
of
warre
vnder
wages
for
the
defence
of
the
londe
.
Also
for
maryenge
of
his
chyldren
/
or
for
getynge
them
out
of
pryson
/
yf
they
be
in
that
case
.
●nd
for
these
causes
specyally
he
may
set
a
subsydy
vpon
his
subiectes
without
of
fendynge
of
the
lawe
.
But
yet
it
ought
to
be
done
with
grete
compassyon
&
dyscrecyon
for
the
leest
charge
of
the
people
that
myght
be
.
●nd
that
he
take
noo
more
than
is
necessary
for
the
same
cause
that
he
sette
it
for
.
●nd
in
this
case
/
the
ryche
ought
to
supporte
the
poore
.
And
not
that
the
ryche
to
be
excused
nor
exempte
/
Lyke
as
it
is
nowe
a
dayes
/
and
that
the
poore
folke
be
so
moche
more
charged
/
for
●dare
saye
who
so
euer
be
dyspleased
ther
with
/
that
is
a
grete
meruayle
sauynge
theyr
reuerence
that
the
grete
and
ryche
offycers
of
the
kynge
or
of
other
prynces
whiche
haue
theyr
grete
estate
and
power
of
the
kynge
and
of
the
lordes
/
and
that
maye
well
bere
the
charges
/
that
they
sholde
be
excepte
.
And
the
poore
men
that
haue
nothynge
of
the
kynge
/
he
bounde
to
paye
.
And
howe
may
this
be
by
rea
son
/
yf
I
haue
gyuen
a
grete
good
to
one
of
my
seruauntes
for
to
maynteyne
his
lyfe
honourably
/
and
it
happened
that
a
nede
fell
vnto
me
/
ought
not
he
to
helpe
me
soner
in
my
dystresse
than
he
that
had
neuer
nothynge
of
melyt
is
a
straunge
custo
me
nowe
a
dayes
that
is
vsed
in
this
royalme
/
In
the
teate
of
tayles
or
imposycyons
whiche
ben
sette●
for
the
poore
men
pay
and
the
ryche
go
free
.
But
who
that
wolde
do
well
sholde
breke
this
and
make
it
to
be
borne
euenly
.
Not
that
some
of
the
grete
men
paye
and
some
not
.
Nor
of
suche
thynges
wolde
aryse
enuytees
.
For
it
sholde
seme
a
maner
of
a
bondage
and
a
dyspraysynge
to
them
that
pay
it
.
But
and
it
were
brought
that
euery
man
sholde
paye
/
then
sholde
there
be
noo
reproche
/
yet
notwithstandynge
I
holde
not
with
that
/
that
they
that
folowe
the
warre
for
the
defence
of
the
londe
/
but
that
they
sholde
be
exempte
And
this
that
I
saye
for
the
poore
people
/
compassyon
hath
moued
me
for
the
grete
wepynges
and
syghynges
that
cometh
bytterly
frome
theyr
hartes
.
●or
some
of
theym
there
be
that
whan
they
shall
make
theyr
payment
of
this
money
whiche
they
be
sette
vnto
/
they
must
fast
and
fare
euyll
afterwarde
/
the
poore
man
and
all
his
housholde
/
and
fayne
for
to
sell
theyr
bedde
and
theyr
other
thynges
as
good
as
for
nought
.
¶
A
wolde
god
that
the
kynge
and
the
noble
prynces
of
fraunce
were
well
enfourmed
of
this
greate
myschyefe
.
For
then
I
wolde
not
doubte
/
for
the
grete
noblesse
that
is
in
theyr
blode
/
they
wolde
not
suffre
this
grete
hardenes
and
sorowe
amonge
the
people
▪
But
it
happeneth
often
tymes
that
there
ben
suche
that
he
receyuours
of
this
that
is
gadered
/
whiche
ben
grete
fatte
and
ryche
/
and
wheder
that
all
this
good
that
is
gadered
come
to
the
profyte
for
that
that
it
is
gadered
for
/
god
knoweth
/
and
so
knoweth
other
men
▪
And
without
fayle
yf
suche
goodes
be
gadered
for
to
be
employed
in
superfl●yte
/
&
for
other
causes
than
for
pure
necessyte
lyke
as
I
haue
sayd
before
/
it
is
grete
synne
to
them
that
sette
it
/
and
a
greuous
hurte
¶
And
nowe
to
the
purpose
that
hath
ben
sayd
here
tofore
of
the
noble
Romaynes
whiche
were
paynymes
&
mysbyleuers
yet
they
gouerned
them
so
well
/
that
it
ought
to
be
ensample
to
vs
/
as
Ualere
sayth
/
for
he
telleth
that
the
lawe
of
Rome
was
suche●
That
all
maner
of
goodes
that
were
gadered
for
the
warre
sholde
not
be
employed
/
but
onely
to
the
vse
of
that
same
/
that
it
was
ordeyned
to
(
and
in
no
wyse
to
be
dyspended
vpon
superfluyte
of
estate
/
for
superfluyte
of
wynes
&
meetes
taken
more
than
is
necessary
causeth
the
body
more
to
desyre
rest
/
than
the
trauayle
of
the
warre
▪
¶
Nowe
I
wylleue
at
this
tyme
to
speke
ony
more
of
this
purpose
/
Notwithstondynge
I
coulde
say
moche
more
/
but
for
bycause
that
the
sentence
of
suche
maters
please
not
the
euyl
mynystres
whiche
ben
made
ryche
by
this
meanes
/
and
wyll
also
blame
me
therfores
I
maye
saye
to
them
without
boost
lyke
as
●ryppydes
that
was
a
grete
●●●
t●
sayd
vnto
them
of
Athenes
/
whiche
prayed
hym
that
he
wold●
put
out
a
sentence
of
a
tragedy
that
he
had
mades
Tragedy
val●
re
sayth
it
is
a
maner
of
a
dyte
that
blameth
thynges
that
been
euylldone
in
ordre
of
polycy
of
the
comontye
or
of
prynces
/
and
sayd
he
made
not
his
dytyes
to
blame
ne
to
be
blamed
/
but
to
that
entente
that
it
sholde
enduce
&
styre
men
to
good
lyuynge
And
yet
Ualere
sayth
more
of
the
same
poete
▪
that
he
wolde
not
put
hymselfe
suche
wyse
vnder
/
that
he
wolde
obey
the
sentence
of
the
people
/
and
leue
his
owne
sentence
.
And
vpon
this
Ua
lere
sayth
/
for
certayne
sayth
he
/
feaute
is
to
be
alowed
that
is
drawne
and
cometh
out
or
reason
.
And
sayth
also
that
he
that
hath
so
grete
reason
maye
Iuge
the
trouthe
of
his
owne
w●rke
/
so
that
it
be
not
done
with
pryde
ne
boost
/
but
in
susteynynge
the
meryte
of
his
thynge
whiche
he
vnderstondeth
is
worshypfull
and
lowable
/
For
he
saythe
/
whopray●eth
another
that
he
seeth
vertuous
/
desyreth
to
haue
hymselfe
praysed
/
for
bothe
cometh
of
one
case
and
of
one
lyke
wysdome
.
¶
Ensample
of
auncyent
deedes
to
the
purpose
afore
sayd
.
Capitulo
.
xi
.
●●r
to
make
conclusyon
of
that
is
sayd
before
.
That
is
to
wete
that
the
good
prynce
sholde
loue
more
the
wele
of
his
people
than
his
owne
propre
/
and
that
he
sh●lde
not
set
▪
●
moche
by
the
goodes
that
be
gadered
for
his
synguler
profyte
we
wyll
yet
call
the
Romaynes
to
our
ensample
and
it
be
●he
wordes
of
Ualere
.
The
ryght
worthy
Romayne
prynces
sayth
he
had
theyr
hertes
somoche
in
the
loue
of
the
comon
wel●
/
and
sette
solytel
by
theyr
owne
/
that
for
very
nede
they
myght
not
mary
theyr
owne
doughters
/
but
of
the
propre
dyspen●es
of
the
comons
/
for
they
spared
not
somoche
that
they
had
wherof
to
gyue
them
so
largely
as
accorded
for
theyr
euate
:
And
●●
lyke
wyse
when
they
were
paste
out
of
this
worlde
theyr
d●●tes
and
theyr
absequyes
of
the
grettest
of
them
▪
as
of
the
worthy
Fabrycyus
/
and
also
of
Scypys
Auffryquant
/
whiche
were
passynge
famous
men
▪
And
also
of
other
solemp●e
conqueroures
/
and
other
prynces
of
Rome
whiche
hadde
rule
of
the
comons
goodes
payde
them
/
to
the
whiche
all
the
comons
were
well
as●ented
/
for
the
meryte
and
contemplacyon
●
.
the
grete
honoures
and
worshyppes
that
they
had
done
vnto
the
cyte
before
tyme
.
For
the
worshypfull
men
themselfe
hadde
no
thynge
to
make
acounte
of
/
but
onely
of
theyr
grete
and
solem
●ne
actes
whiche
they
dyde
in
theyr
dayes
.
F●r
thoughe
so
were
that
they
were
not
ryche
of
the
goodes
of
fortune
/
yet
were
they
ryche
of
the
ryght
grete
and
noble
honoures
whiche
they
had
deserued
before
tyme
.
●herfore
it
semeth
and
true
it
is
/
that
the
moost
worthy
be
not
at
all
tymes
moost
tyche
nor
best
fortuned
to
rychesse
/
but
fortune
helpeth
them
by
another
maner
whiche
is
more
worshypfull
/
when
she
helpeth
them
for
to
gete
souerayne
renowne
and
worshyp
/
for
notwithandynge
the
●o
uerte
of
these
worthy
couqueroures
and
noble
men
/
●et
were
they
dyctatoures
or
consules
that
is
as
men
myght
saye
●m
peroures
/
or
the
moost
souerayne
prynces
whiche
receyued
the
tryumphe
gloryously
dyuers
tymes
/
whiche
was
a
meruay
●o●s
grete
worshyp
that
the
●omaynes
dyde
to
theyr
prynces
or
soueraynes
/
whan
they
had
wonne
grete
vyctoryes
/
as
it
shall
be
declared
here
after
what
thynge
the
tryumphe
sholde
be
.
For
in
those
dayes
vertue
was
theyr
rychesse
.
And
at
Ro
me
the
courage
of
men
and
women
was
ryght
vygorous
/
&
who
that
was
moost
vertuous
moost
had
of
dygnyte
/
for
men
loked
not
after
at
that
tyme
what
euery
man
was
worthe
in
rychesse
/
but
howe
moche
he
was
worthe
in
goodnes
and
cunnynge
/
he
was
moost
auctorysed
that
surmounted
in
vertues
wherfore
Ualere
sayd
these
fayre
wordes
.
Suche
thynges
reconsyleth
and
Ioyneth
the
affynyte
of
lordes
/
suche
thynges
haue
power
within
and
without
.
For
by
this
euery
man
entended
for
the
profyte
of
the
comon
welthe
/
and
not
for
his
owne
synguler
welthe
/
seynge
that
the
prynces
hadde
leuer
be
poore
in
a
ryche
empyre
than
to
be
ryche
and
plenteous
in
a
poore
countre
.
And
therfore
suche
guerdon
was
graunted
to
them
that
the
noblemen
were
soceured
by
the
goodes
of
the
comons
.
And
syth
we
be
entred
in
the
purpose
of
these
noble
Romayne
prynces
howe
that
theyr
noble
vertues
myght
&
ought
to
because
of
ensample
and
myrroure
to
all
good
prynces
&
worshypfull
men
/
yet
Ualere
sayth
.
●e
wyll
speke
of
another
worshypfull
consule
/
whiche
was
called
Marcus
●urynus
/
whiche
was
a
grete
conqueroure
/
&
gate
many
grete
lordshyppes
to
the
Romaynes
.
But
on
a
tyme
when
he
was
at
seege
before
the
cyte
of
●amary
/
the
spyes
of
the
same
cyte
reported
how●
this
Marcus
sate
but
in
ryght
poore
estate
at
the
seege
/
but
of
men
of
armes
he
hadde
ynowe
/
Neuerthelesse
of
vessell
/
of
rychesse
/
●ne
of
vytayle
he
had
no
plente
.
Than
anone
they
of
the
cyte
sente
messen
●ers
to
hym
with
grete
gyftes
for
they
supposed
to
ouercome
hym
with
y●
/
and
the
answere
of
hym
Ualere
putteth
in
wrytynge
for
declaracyon
of
his
grete
constaunce
&
worthynes
/
&
sayth
Marcus
●urynus
whiche
was
a
clere
morroure
by
the
holy
rule
of
attemperaunce
&
polysshed
in
vertues
/
wolde
that
the
messengeres
of
Samary
sholde
se
what
meete
that
he
ete
/
&
howe
he
sate
vpon
a
fourme
before
the
fyre
and
was
serued
with
lytell
meases
in
treene
dysshes
/
yet
notwithstondynge
that
he
refused
the
gyftes
whiche
were
grete
sommes
of
golde
&
syluer
&
of
ryche
vessell
.
And
he
answered
them
and
sayd
/
that
he
loued
better
to
be
mayster
ouer
ryches
/
than
ryches
sholde
be
mayster
ouer
hym
/
than
hym
semed
that
he
was
mayster
ouer
ryches
/
in
as
moche
as
he
refused
it
.
But
&
he
had
receyued
&
taken
●●
he
thought
hymselfe
that
he
had
ben
ouerco
me
.
And
remembre
you
ryght
quod
he
/
that
Marcus
wyll
not
be
ouercome
with
no
gyftes
/
nor
by
batayle
yf
he
maye
.
¶
This
Marcus
●uryus
was
so
worthy
a
man
that
he
dyscomfyted
the
kynge
Pyrrus
whiche
came
to
the
rescowes
of
the
Cyte
of
Tarente
aye●st
the
Romaynes
/
and
the
sayd
●yrrus
had
in
his
armye
.
xxiiii
.
thousande
men
on
fot●
/
and.
xxvi
.
thousande
then
on
horse
backe
/
of
the
whiche
was
slayne
.
xxx
.
thousande
.
and
there
was
taken
.
xiii
.
thousandes
And
Pyrrus
hymselfe
fledde
in
to
Italy
▪
The
fyrste
yere
of
his
warres
the
Romaynes
wanne
moche
good
/
but
the
worthy
prynce
wolde
neuer
enryche
hymselfe
/
but
gaue
the
good
and
parted
it
amonge
his
knyghtes
and
his
men
of
warre
excepte
that
that
he
sente
to●
Rome
/
there
to
be
kepte
for
treasoure
of
the
cyte
/
&
as
for
hymselfe
/
the
worshyp
suffysed
hym
/
and
wolde
that
other
had
the
profyte
and
the
wynnynge
.
●
Also
amonge
other
prynces
Ua
lere
commendeth
the
grete
vertue
of
a
worthy
consule
called
Fabrycyus
/
whiche
I
haue
spoken
of
heretofore
/
whiche
semblably
was
of
so
grete
vertue
that
notwithstandynge
he
had
no
rychesse
of
fortune
/
yet
he
refused
tyght
grete
&
notable
gyftes
that
the
sayd
kynge
Pyrrus
sente
hym
/
hopynge
that
he
sholde
ouercome
hym
therby
.
And
it
was
the
same
Fabrycyus
of
whiche
men
speke
of
the
grete
worshyp
and
lawde
that
the
kynge
Pyrrus
his
aduersary
sayd
of
hym
/
whiche
was
a
worshypfull
and
a
fayre
worde
when
he
sayd
▪
that
the
Sone
sholde
rather
lese
his
lyght
than
Fabrycyus
his
trouthe
/
for
the
physycyan
of
Pyrrus
came
to
Fabrycyus
and
sayd
vnto
hym
/
that
and
he
wolde
quyte
hym
well
his
laboure
▪
he
wolde
enpoyson
his
mayster
.
But
this
worshypful
man
answered
/
that
suche
maner
of
conquerynge
the
Romaynes
vsed
not
.
And
so
toke
the
physycyan
&
sente
hym
to
kynge
Pyrrus
/
for
the
whiche
bounte
and
vertue
of
his
trouthe
he
loued
hym
so
wel
that
he
sente
vnto
hym
/
&
sayd
/
that
he
wolde
for
his
sake
make
peas
with
the
Romaynes
/
and
wolde
neuer
greue
them
more
/
with
that
that
they
wolde
suffre
hym
to
haue
in
peas
that
londe
that
he
had
conquered
of
the
Romaynes
▪
But
to
that
peas
thys
worshypfull
man
wolde
not
consente
in
lasse
than
/
Pyrrus
wolde
departe
frome
all
the
demeynes
of
the
foresayd
Romaynes
.
Then
dyde
this
Pyrrus
all
his
power
for
to
drawe
Fabrycyus
vpon
his
partye
/
and
be
with
holde
with
hym
/
and
when
he
sawe
that
he
myght
in
no
wyse
gete
hym
the
praysed
so
moche
his
vertue
that
he
sayd
he
wolde
neuer
fyght
ayenst
him
in
a
felde
&
yet
were
the
batayles
redy
/
but
he
wente
his
way
vnto
tarente
¶
And
yet
Ualere
speketh
more
of
this
Fabrycyus
&
sayth
that
there
was
tolde
in
his
presence
how
there
was
a
Phylosopher
i
Athenes
that
sewe
a
seede
vpon
a
maner
of
leuynge
/
in
suche
wyse
that
he
sayd
/
that
men
sholde
do
nothynge
but
onely
for
theyr
delyte
/
and
for
theyr
bodely
ease
/
and
this
worthy
man
dispraysed
moche
this
doctryne
/
and
helde
it
for
a
folysshe
and
a
dyshonourable
conceyte
/
and
sayd
/
that
all
maner
of
delytes
and
they
were
not
labourous
in
vertue
ought
to
be
dyspraysed
/
not
onely
of
the
body
/
but
as
well
of
the
soule
▪
But
they
that
haue
the
good
vertues
and
delyte
in
them
/
ben
to
commende
▪
And
his
sentence
was
true
as
Ualere
sayth
as
it
appered
open
ly
/
for
the
cyte
of
Athenes
that
was
wonte
to
be
gouerned
by
the
laboure
and
study
of
wysdome
and
vertue
/
as
soone
as
it
was
wrapped
in
delytes
and
lustes
/
lost
his
lordshyp
/
also
the
cyte
of
Rome
as
longe
as
it
haunted
the
vertuous
exercyse
ouercame
and
gate
and
surmounted
all
other
lordshyppes
/
&
how
that
Athenes
lost
his
vertue
hereafter
ye
shall
knowe
/
yet
to
our
purpose
of
the
good
prynce
whiche
loued
the
comon
wele
of
his
loude
:
¶
There
was
a
kynge
in
Athenes
that
was
called
Epamymydas
whiche
was
a
man
of
meruayious
grete
vertue
and
helde
his
enemyes
gretely
vnder
hym
/
and
at
the
laste
as
he
was
in
a
batayle
he
happed
to
be
smyten
thrughe
the
body
with
a
spere
/
and
when
that
he
sholde
dye
/
he
had
so
grete
Ioy
that
he
had
ouercome
his
enemyes
that
his
deth
greued
hym
not
:
Then
he
sayd
to
them
that
were
aboute
hym
/
nowe
hath
the
goddes
gyuen
me
suche
grace
/
that
I
may
se
my
cyte
of
●hebes
the
chyefe
cyte
of
〈…〉
ce
:
And
the
grete
and
coura
gyous
cyte
of
Lacedemone●is
put
vnder
by
our
worthynes
in
●rmes
/
&
I
dye
not
without
ayre
/
for
I
leue
you
.
ii
.
doughters
whiche
I
haue
begoten
.
And
this
he
mente
by
two
grete
●ytees
whiche
he
had
conquered
.
For
he
had
no
hayre
of
his
body
but
he
vnderstode
that
by
the
conquest
of
these
two
cytees
/
his
name
sholde
be
alwayes
had
in
memory
/
lyke
as
by
the
chyldren
the
fader
.
This
Epamymydes
loued
Iust
yee
meruaylously
well
.
The
lordshyppes
that
he
gate
/
he
gate
them
not
for
hymselfe
/
but
for
the
encreace
of
his
londe
/
for
he
was
so
lytell
couetous
vpon
good
/
that
when
he
was
deed
/
men
coulde
not
fynde
wherof
to
do
his
obsequyes
.
And
also
he
was
as
lytell
a
boster
/
as
he
was
a
couetous
man
.
And
he
bare
his
estate
so
tem
perately
that
nother
of
these
poyntes
was
shewed
in
hym
/
bu●
they
shewed
by
hym
.
This
is
to
say
that
his
vertue
surmounted
al
other
/
she
wynge
outwarde
.
And
the
reason
that
he
had
in
his
lyfe
/
he
lost
it
not
at
his
dethe
as
Ualere
sayth
.
For
when
he
was
brought
home
to
his
lodgynge
as
good
as
halfe
deed
/
and
his
spyryte
was
comen
a
lytell
to
hym
agayne
/
he
asked
of
the●●
that
were
aboute
hym
/
whether
his
enemyes
after
that
he
was
felled
toke
his
shelde
fro
hym
or
naye
.
And
whan
he
herde
that
they
had
it
not
/
he
was
pas●ynge
Ioyfull
/
and
made
it
to
be
brought
vnto
hym
.
And
whan
he
had
it
/
with
a
maner
of
myrthe
he
kylled
it
.
And
asked
of
the
maner
of
the
vyctory
.
And
whan
it
was
tolde
hym
/
he
sayd
that
all
thynges
wente
well
.
And
anone
he
passyd
out
of
this
worlde
/
by
the
whiche
d●
the
/
the
men
of
Athenes
whiche
often
tymes
hadde
proued
his
force
and
vertue
/
became
ydell
and
were
in
teste
/
and
were
occupyed
but
with
vanytees
.
For
whiche
cause
they
felle
in
too
myschyefe
and
dystruccyon
.
¶
Here
after
foloweth
the
cause
why
Ualere
is
so
grete
ly
aledged
in
this
boke
.
Capitulo
.
xii
.
FOr
bycause
of
the
noble
boke
that
the
grete
Ualere
made
of
the
worthy
dedes
of
Romaynes
gyueth
me
mater
to
proue
by
ensample
the
clene
entencyon
whiche
I
laboure
in
/
as
it
is
shewed
here
tofore
/
in
gyuynge
cause
to
styre
courages
to
vertue
and
good
lyuynge
/
as
wel
to
prynces
/
knyghtes
and
nobles
as
the
comon
people
.
I
aledge
hym
more
than
ony
other
auctoure
.
For
the
same
Ualere
sayth
/
that
vertue
moueth
a
man
more
to
desyre
honoure
and
worthynes
/
and
to
here
good
ensamples
/
than
dothe
the
symple
and
feble
wordes
.
And
this
wytnesseth
●●ystotle
in
the
.
x.
boke
of
Ethyques
.
And
ther fore
in
she
wynge
the
style
of
that
noble
auctoure
Ualere
for
to
encreace
the
courages
of
them
that
lyst
to
here
the
werkes
of
vertuous
doctryne
/
by
the
whiche
men
gete
very
worshyp
.
I
am
moued
to
shewe
here
dyuers
ensamples
of
thynges
that
ben
fallen
to
dyuers
worthy
men
in
tymes
passed
/
for
theyr
desertes
sette
in
mynde
in
the
same
boke
/
whiche
gyueth
grete
plea
saunce
to
the
noble
courages
of
them
that
sholde
here
it
/
in
trustynge
therby
to
gete
grete
worshyppes
.
For
which
honoures
/
ver
tue
is
to
be
desyred
.
For
we
se
that
honoure
belongeth
to
all
solempne
and
excellente
thynges
/
as
in
cunnynge
and
vertue
.
And
for
as
moche
as
I
call
these
Romayne
prynces
worthy
conquerours
&
other
that
may
be
lyke
than
/
thoughe
they
be
no
prynces
/
nor
may
not
be
/
for
as
moche
as
they
haue
not
so
grete
londes
and
rychesse
.
Neuertheles
after
the
style
of
Ualere
▪
It
ys
shewed
that
the
Romaynes
reputed
the
gretnesse
of
worshyppes
&
worthynes
in
vertue
/
and
not
in
goodes
/
he
calleth
them
not
onely
prynces
/
but
calleth
them
in
his
boke
Emperoures
/
lyke
as
it
appereth
in
dyuers
chapytres
/
as
of
Scipre
/
Affrycan
/
the
grete
Pompee
/
●ylla
/
and
other
/
and
yet
were
they
neuer
●●peroures
made
.
O●
the
lyberalyte
in
prynces
&
example
of
the
Romaynes
.
Ca.
xiii
.
Athen
we
wyl
contyne
we
our
matter
by
approbations
of
ensamples
longynge
to
the
samelyer
to
a
vertuous
good
prynce
vpon
the
seconde
poynte
of
the
thre
thynges
whiche
ben
necessary
to
hym
/
that
is
to
wete
that
he
sholde
loue
the
comon
wele
▪
The
good
prynce
whiche
that
loueth
the
vnyuersal
goodes
from
his
●he
ought
to
haue
lyberalyte
/
for
it
is
to
hym
a
thynge
passynge
necessary
/
&
by
the
hauynge
of
that
he
shall
be
profyted
in
terryble
wyse
▪
That
is
to
knowe
for
the
welth
of
his
soule
/
yf
it
be
dysc●etely
done
.
¶
Secondely
to
his
grete
honoure
and
renowne
▪
¶
Thyrdely
in
that
that
he
shall
drawe
to
hym
as
well
the
courage
of
his
owne
people
as
of
staungers
/
for
it
is
no
doubte
that
there
is
nothynge
that
profyteth
more
a
prynce
than
lyberalyte
with
dyscrecyon
▪
O
howe
moche
dyde
it
ones
profyte
to
the
Romaynes
whan
the
legates
of
them
of
Cartage
were
come
to
Rome
for
to
bye
agayne
theyr
prysoners
whiche
were
taken
in
the
batayles
&
warres
amonge
them
▪
For
the
Romaynes
gaue
al
the
prysoners
agayne
frely
to
the
legates
that
were
sente
for
them
/
without
payenge
of
on
y raunsome
/
whiche
we
●●
ryght
worthypfull
men
in
theyr
floures
▪
And
also
of
grete
au●to
:
yte
to
the
nombre
of
a
thousande
seuen
hundreth
&
foure
and
fourty
/
wherfore
Ualere
magnefyeth
gretely
this
lyberalyte
in
thre
thynges
and
sayth
:
O
lorde
god
sayth
he
●how
meruaylous
lyberalyte
was
it
/
that
they
wolde
let
go
frome
them
so
many
grete
enemyes
/
and
l●ue
so
grete
goodes
as
they
my
●ht
haue
had
for
them
/
I
suppose
quod
he
that
the
legates
that
came
for
them
had
grete
meruayle
of
theyr
grete
largesse
/
then
he
sayd
▪
O
the
grete
magnyfycence
of
Romaynes
/
egall
to
the
benygnyte
of
goddes
For
that
dede
was
more
plenteuous
than
your
enemyes
coulde
haue
desyred
/
wherfore
it
is
no
doubte
that
for
bycause
of
theyr
grete
lyberalyte
the
Romaynes
gatemany
lordshyppes
and
dom
ynacyons
as
many
or
mo
than
they
gate
by
force
of
armes
.
For
many
straunge
countrees
seynge
theyr
grete
fredome
and
worshypfull
custome
yelded
them
to
the
Romaynes
/
not
trustynge
to
be
made
as
seruauntes
/
but
to
be
made
more
free
.
And
Ualere
wytnesseth
the
same
/
sayenge
that
the
Empyre
of
Rome
that
is
to
saye
/
the
lordshyp
was
not
so
gretely
encreaced
by
the
strengthe
of
theyr
bodyes
/
as
it
was
by
the
myght
of
theyr
courages
●nd
yet
in
more
praysynge
of
lyberalyte
whiche
ought
to
be
in
prynces
/
and
also
of
theyr
mekenes
/
Ualere
sayth
worde
by
worde
lyke
as
Ifynde
in
his
boke
that
for
theyr
beaute
&
substaunce
/
there
may
not
be
gyuen
to
lyberalyte
a
more
couenable
company
than
humany
●e
and
mekenes
/
for
they
deserue
one
maner
of
laude
/
for
lyberalyte
is
shewed
to
them
that
ben
poore
and
nedy
/
and
humanyte
sheweth
hymselfe
to
them
that
be
in
sykenes
/
and
in
pryson
/
or
in
mysease
of
theyr
body
.
●●kenes
showeth
hymselfe
to
them
that
ben
fallen
in
myserye
/
in
daunger
/
and
peryll
of
theyr
bodyes
/
or
of
theyr
goodes
/
&
ouer
suche
as
he
hath
lorde
shyp
and
power
to
punysshe
and
to
forgyue
whiche
myleryes
for
to
pardon
and
as●wage
the
grete
greues
that
they
be
unbe
vnder
the
grace
of
the
prynce
/
wherfore
euery
good
prynce
is
bounde
yf
he
wyl
vse
ony
goodnes
to
heele
his
poore
subiectes
with
grete
compassyon
/
by
the
vertuous
meanes
aboue
sayd
/
kepynge
alwayes
the
ordre
of
Iust
yee
/
not
to
rygorously
/
and
specyally
in
suche
thynges
as
be
not
contrary
to
nature
.
And
thoughe
so
be
sayth
Ualere
that
thou
knowe
not
whiche
of
all
these
vertues
is
moost
to
be
alowed
/
yet
it
semeth
that
it
is
moost
souerayne
that
hath
taken
his
name
of
the
godhede
/
&
that
he
sayth
is
lyberalyte
/
whiche
is
as
a
vertu
deuyne
/
&
streteheth
to
euery
man
/
for
by
that
vertue
men
gete
them
moost
frendes
▪
And
for
bycause
it
lyeth
more
in
the
puyssaunce
of
prynces
than
of
other
men
for
to
be
lyberall
▪
●nd
also
that
frendes
and
well
wyllers
is
to
theym
a
thynge
passynge
necessary
/
wherfore
he
sayth
it
is
to
th●m
couenable
onely
for
the
encreasynge
of
theyr
glory
●yke
as
it
is
wryten
in
●olycratyque
/
in
the
thyrde
boke
of
the
same
in
the
.xiiii.
chapytre
of
●ytus
y●●mpereure
/
whiche
by
his
lyberalyte
●ourged
the
vyce
of
●uaryce
that
was
in
his
fader
in
suche
maner
that
he
was
called
of
all
men
/
the
loue
and
delytes
of
all
mennes
lygnage
.
And
●ullyus
sayth
in
the
seconde
booke
of
offyces
.
●here
maye
be
no
gretter
vyce
in
a
prynce
/
or
in
hym
that
gouerneth
the
comon
welthe
then
●uetyse
/
But
for
bycause
that
we
saye
soo
moche
that
euery
good
prynce
ought
to
be
lyberall
/
It
is
necessary
for
to
showe
in
what
maner
/
and
in
what
thynges
he
ought
to
be
lyberall
where
vpon
Senecke
declareth
in
the
seconde
booke
of
beny●yces
/
and
sayth
.
The
prynce
or
he
that
wyll
gyue
/
ought
too
vnderstonde
and
knowe
the
puyssaunce
and
the
auctoryte
of
hymselfe
that
ys
the
gyuer
.
And
also
the
state
of
hym
that
he
wyl
gyue
vnto
.
To
that
entente
that
he
sholde
not
gyue
a
less●
gyfte
than
were
accordynge
to
his
honoure
.
Nor
all
so
a
gretter
gyfte
than
were
necessary
to
hym
/
that
sholde
receyue
it
.
And
the
prynce
/
or
the
gyuer
ought
to
consyder
to
whome
and
why
he
gyueth
that
gyfte
.
For
there
is
a
dyfference
in
gyuynge
to
a
man
that
hathe
deserued
it
/
from
a
man
that
the
pryn
●●
lyst
to
gyue
by
his
fredome
and
courteysye
.
For
and
a
man
haue
deserued
it
/
the
prynce
ought
well
to
se
that
the
gyfte
be
●uche
that
he
be
not
blamed
in
no
nygardyse
/
nor
in
no
cayty●en●sse
/
and
yet
it
must
be
done
moche
vpon
the
largesse
after
●●
the
man
hathe
deserued
it
.
But
when
the
gyfte
ys
gyuen
without
meryte
or
deseruynge
/
thoughe
so
be
that
it
longe
to
a
prynce
/
or
other
myghty
persones
to
gyue
grete
gyftes
as
longeth
to
theyr
estate
/
yet
maye
they
gyue
lytell
small
gyftes
to
the
poore
and
nedy
persones
.
●nd
this
lyberalyte
ought
to
be
moderate
by
dede
of
dyscrecyon
.
As
●ullyus
hathe
sayd
her●
before
.
●or
lette
vs
suppose
that
the
prynce
or
ony
other
be
lyberall
and
in
wyll
for
to
gyue
/
yet
ought
be
to
be
well
aduysed
howe
he
maye
contynewe
in
vertue
.
●ot
onely
as
they
that
gyue
theyr
goodes
folely
/
and
departeth
yt
without
ony
ordre
.
For
the
lyberalyte
of
theyr
gyftes
/
ought
to
be
of
theyr
owne
goodes
/
and
not
of
other
mennes
.
For
as
saynt
Ambrose
saythe
in
the
fyrste
boke
of
offyces
.
That
maye
be
called
noolyberalyte
sayth
he
.
whan
a
man
gyueth
to
one
and
taketh
from
another
●or
there
maye
nothynge
belyberall
but
it
be
Auste
.
And
also
for
as
moche
as
it
is
sayd
/
that
lyberalyte
is
a
vertue
deuyne
/
whiche
longeth
to
euery
good
prynce
.
¶
And
trewely
yt
longeth
to
euery
good
prynce
soueraynely
to
guerdon
euery
man
that
hathe
done
hym
good
/
and
shewed
hym
loue
/
and
he
ought
not
to
take
hede
of
the
●eblenesse
of
the
persone
yf
he
haue
done
hym
good
se●uyce/●ut
to
the
gretnesse
of
his
estate
/
whiche
maye
ryght
well
rewarde
hym
for
hys
good
dede
.
●yke
as
yt
ys
wryten
of
kynge
●ary
o●●●t
se●●ot
the
same
kynge
Dary
y●
the
grete
Alyxandre
dyscomfyted
but
he
that
entred
in
to
the
lordelhyppe
by
a
cawtelous
meane
that
he
made
hys
horse
to
ney
/
for
bycause
that
the
Prynces
hadde
made
suche
an
ordynaunce
.
For
when
they
myght
not
accorde
amonge
theymselfe
/
whiche
sholde
be
heyre
vnto
the
kynge
and
to
gouerne
the
royalme
.
●hen
they
made
an
ordynaunce
that
they
sholde
go
forthe
togyder
erely
in
the
mournynge
before
the
temple
.
And
whose
horse
that
neyed
fyrst
sholde
be
chosen
for
kynge
/
&
this
●ary
the
nyght
before
made
lede
his
horse
with
a
mare
in
to
the
place
where
the
assemble
sholde
be
on●y
morowe
/
&
there
the
horse
lepte
the
mare
/
&
on
the
morowe
wh●
the
horse
came
agayne
in
to
the
same
place
/
anone
he
beganne
to
ney
.
And
soo
this
●●rye
was
chosen
kynge
of
●●rse
.
That
same
●arye
beynge
in
hys
lytell
fortune
/
a
man
that
was
cal
led
●hylomytes
gaue
hym
without
ony
askynge
a
mantell
with
hys
good
wyll
▪
●●t
withstandynge
that
he
was
a
ryght
grete
negarde
.
The
whiche
mantell
pleased
meruaylous
gretely
to
Dary
:
Then
it
happened
afterwarde
whan
Dary
was
kynge
he
forgate
not
the
grete
courteysy
the
Phyl●mytes
had
done
to
hym
/
but
gaue
hym
the
cyte
and
all
the
yle
of
Samos
.
whiche
was
a
plenteuous
and
a
good
yle
/
in
the
whiche
the
phylosopher
Pyctogoras
was
borne
.
But
this
kynge
Dary
●xtemed
not
the
pryce
of
the
mantell
that
was
gyuen
hym
but
onely
the
lyberalyte
of
the
gyuer
/
and
the
puys●aunce
also
of
hymselfe
that
myght
goodly
rewarde
hym
for
his
kyndnes
.
¶
Also
Mytrydates
the
passynge
ryche
kynge
/
whiche
reygned
ouer
.
xii
.
countrees
shewed
grete
lyberalyte
&
guerdon
●o
one
of
his
knyghtes
/
whiche
was
named
L●on
yeus
for
the
getynge
hym
out
of
pryson
from
the
handes
of
his
enemyes
/
whiche
had
taken
hym
before
in
batayle
/
gaue
for
hym
grete
noumbre
of
prysoners
.
For
he
loued
better
for
to
encreace
his
enemyes
than
men
sholde
thynke
that
he
wolde
not
rewarde
his
men
that
had
worshypfully
deserued
it
.
¶
Of
the
humayne
pyte
in
a
prynce
.
Capitulo
.
xiiii
.
W●
haue
spoken
ynoughe
of
lyberalyte
in
the
good
prynce
.
And
nowe
we
must
speke
of
other
vertues
longynge
to
the
same
by
lyke
meryte
and
lawde
/
that
is
t●
wete
of
humanyte
&
mekenes
▪
whiche
ben
necessary
to
be
knowen
with
euery
good
prynce
/
and
for
to
proue
that
it
is
so
/
we
shal
shew
it
by
exsāyle
.
And
fyrst
of
the
grete
humanyte
y●
the
worthy
Romayne
prynce
Lucyus
Emylyus
Publyus
shewed
vnto
the
kynge
Par●es
whan
he
had
dyscomfyted
hym
in
playne
batayle
/
so
vyctoryou●ly
that
he
was
taken
and
ledde
towar
▪
Lucyus
▪
But
when
he
vnderstode
the
bryngynge
of
this
kynge
Parses
?
The
worshypful
man
Lucyus
wente
ayenst
hym
And
when
he
met
hym
/
he
wolde
in
no
wyse
suffre
hym
to
kn●
le
before
hym
but
toke
hym
benygnely
by
the
hande
and
toke
hym
with
hym
arme
in
arme
/
and
comforted
hym
&
worshypped
hym
/
and
made
hym
to
sytte
with
hym
at
his
borde
and
in
his
counsayle
.
Notwithstandynge
the
kynge
Parses
was
full
lothe
therto
/
and
wolde
not
by
his
wyll
haue
taken
soo
moche
vpon
hym
▪
But
neuerthelesse
this
worthy
Lucyus
entreated
hym
as
he
had
ben
his
owne
brother
?
A
what
noble
vertue
is
it
in
a
prynce
/
or
in
ony
worthy
man
of
armes
to
be
pyteous
&
humayne
to
theym
that
they
haue
ouercomen
and
dyscomfyted
/
as
we
may
haue
ensample
of
E●tor
of
Troye
of
whom
men
saye
/
there
was
neuer
●yon
more
fy●rse
/
ne
more
cruell
in
batayll
than
he
was
?
But
anone
as
he
had
ouercome
his
enemyes
and
meked
them
to
hym
/
in
yeldynge
&
cryenge
hym
mercy
▪
●here
was
neuer
lambe
more
meke
nor
debonayre
than
he
was
/
for
he
wolde
entreate
them
as
gentylly
as
they
had
ben
his
bretherne
/
by
the
whiche
he
was
soo
gretely
profyted
that
for
his
deboneyrete
dyuers
people
came
and
yelded
them
vnto
hym
:
And
so
this
condycyon
euery
good
prynce
and
worshypfull
man
ought
to
haue
?
But
not
as
the
lordes
and
other
men
of
armes
doo
nowe
a
dayes
/
when
they
conquere
londes
and
fortresses
Eytees
and
other
places
/
as
soone
as
they
be
entred
in
them
/
it
semeth
as
they
were
dogges
that
were
famysshed
for
hongre
/
and
without
ony
pyte
of
mordres
and
horryble
occysyons
of
crysten
people
/
dyshonouryn●e
the
women
and
put
all
to
ruyne
▪
Alas
what
hartes
haue
these
people
to
do
so
cruelly
to
theyr
owne
lykenes
/
whiche
is
ayenst
nature
and
ayenst
the
lawe
of
god
/
whether
they
be
not
aferde
that
the
fyers
deuylles
of
hell
wyll
●auysshe
them
in
to
the
cyte
infernall
/
For
it
is
no
doubte
but
they
shall
come
therto
at
the
laste
ende
?
And
certaynly
suche
people
ought
rather
to
bere
the
fygure
and
the
chere
of
an
horryble
serpente
/
than
humayne
and
pyteous
chere
/
for
vnder
the
lykenes
of
man
they
bere
the
grete
f●lony
and
cruelte
of
a
wode
beest
▪
But
Marcus
Marcellus
whiche
was
a
prynce
of
Romaynes
and
of
greate
auctoryte
dyde
not
●oo
.
/
For
when
he
by
his
greate
manhode
hadde
wonne
the
cyte
of
Syracuse
whiche
was
a
noble
and
a
stronge
●yte
/
when
he
was
goten
vp
to
the
hyghest
toppe
of
the
castell
for
to
se
the
for
tune
of
the
cyte
/
and
hadde
consyderacyon
of
the
grete
st●●●g
the
that
it
was
of
/
and
howe
it
hadde
ben
gouerned
before
tyme
with
many
worthy
kynges
/
and
how
it
was
wonte
for
to
haue
grete
power
bothe
by
see
&
by
londe
/
&
how
it
was
wonte
fulfylled
with
grete
sorowe
and
mys●●
yefe
/
he
had
suche
pyte
vpon
the
desolacyon
of
his
enemyes
/
that
he
wepte
for
sorowe
.
¶
●et
ayenst
them
that
ben
so
cruell
and
so
●●naturall
ayenst
theyr
prysoners
for
bycause
of
●ouetyse
/
and
for
to
constrayne
them
to
paye
gretter
raunsomes
than
they
maye
gete
whiche
is
grete
horroure
to
se
or
here
the
grete
tourmentes
that
som●
that
ben
cruell
and
borryble
men
done
to
theyr
prysoners
/
for
●arasynes
maye
doo
no
worse
then
they
doo
.
●ut
and
suche
handgemen
dye
on
good
deth●
/
me
semeth
that
god
and
nature
do●he
theym
wronge
/
Neuerthelesse
I
doubte
not
but
that
they
shall
be
sore
punysshed
therfore
/
for
god
is
Iuste
.
A
lord●
god
/
so
dyde
not
that
noble
and
worthy
prynce
Pomp●e
whiche
was
an
excellente
man
of
armes
/
for
he
conquered
almoost
all
the
partyes
of
the
ory●ute
.
But
amonge
all
other
when
he
had
subdued
the
kynge
●●gram
of
●rmonye
/
and
taken
.
xl
.
thousande
of
his
men
/
and
kynge
●ygram
was
brought
before
hym
also
/
whiche
toke
of
his
crowne
and
sette
it
downe
a●
the
●eete
of
this
noble
Pomp●e
/
and
thought
too
haue
●n●●●●
downe
before
hym
●●pynge
full
tenderly
.
This
noble
Pomp●e
wolde
not
suffre
hym
but
comforted
hym
with
al
his
power
and
at
the
laste
sette
hym
agayne
in
his
estate
/
vnder
the
obeysaunce
of
y●●●maynes
/
for
hym
thought
it
was
as
grete
worshyp
for
to
make
kynges
/
as
for
to
put
theym
downe
/
and
vnmake
theym
.
¶
Of
mekenesse
and
deboneyryte
in
a
Prynce
Capitulo
.
xv
▪
H●re
before
we
haue
spoken
of
the
humanyte
o●
the
good
prynce
.
And
nowe
we
wyll
speke
of
the
mekenes
that
he
ought
specyally
to
showe
vn to
his
subiectes
/
in
confourmynge
and
drawynge
to
hym
the
loue
of
his
people
/
for
without
ony
doubte
there
is
nothynge
more
swetter
ne
more
fauourable
to
a
subiecte
/
than
for
to
se
his
prynce
benygne
and
courtey
se
vnto
hym
/
nor
the
prynce
maye
not
soo
well
contente
the
hertes
of
his
men
and
famylyeres
with
his
good
/
as
he
maye
by
his
mekenes
and
benygny●e
wysely
and
dys●retely
done
/
not
that
he
sholde
be
soo
famylyer
/
that
men
sholde
sette
the
lesse
by
hym
and
haue
hym
in
the
lesse
reuerence
/
but
in
kepynge
of
his
honoure
whiche
of
dewetye
ought
for
to
be
showed
vnto
hym
of
his
subiectes
/
yet
●e
ought
benygnely
to
here
and
vnderstande
theyr
requestes
and
petycyons
/
and
answere
theym
with
fayre
and
swete
wordes
.
And
for
a
lytell
mysse
dede
he
take
not
ouer
greate
dysdayne
agaynste
none
of
theym
/
For
the
grett●r
and
the
hygher
that
a
towre
is
the
lesse
it
semeth
by
the
caste
of
a
lytell
stone
.
Also
in
lykewyse
ye
shall
vnderstande
of
●hylostratus
that
was
Duke
or
kynge
of
Athenes
whiche
●yde
a
worshyp
full
dede
/
as
ye
maye
vnderstande
here
after
/
He
hadde
a
trusty
frende
whiche
he
loued
entyrely
and
he
was
called
●ranlypus
●oo●t
happened
on
a
tyme
as
they
sate
at
theyr
souper
/
thys
●ransypus
was
greately
amoued
with
angre
/
and
sayd
many
grete
Iniuryes
and
vy●anyes
vnto
Phy
lost●atus
hys
lorde
/
But
his
noble
lorde
sayd
neuer
an
angry
worde
agaynste
hym
/
But
prayed
hym
faste
that
he
sholde
not
be
angrye
.
●or
that
he
sholde
not
aryse
frome
hys
souper
with
angre
and
wrathe
.
But
this
●ransypus
was
so
gretly
moued
with
Ire
/
that
he
spytted
in
his
lordes
vysage
/
but
for
all
that
/
this
worthy
prynce
wolde
not
be
moued
with
angre
/
in
his
courage
/
but
withdrewe
his
chyldren
whiche
wolde
haue
shayne
this
Transypus
/
and
to
auenge
the
hyghe
mageste
of
theyr
fader
.
On
the
morowe
came
one
vnto
this
worthy
prynce
&
sayd
/
that
Transypus
was
as
a
man
out
of
his
mynde
for
angre
and
shame
of
that
he
had
done
&
sayd
ouer
euen
.
And
lyke
to
slee
hymselfe
.
For
the
whiche
Phylostratus
hadde
greate
pyte
▪
And
anone
came
vnto
hym
and
cleped
hym
/
and
comforted
hym
/
and
forgaue
hym
/
and
promysed
hym
by
hys
faythe
that
he
was
&
sholde
be
as
well
in
his
grace
as
he
was
tofore
▪
yet
more
of
the
good
prynce
Phylostratus
/
he
had
a
fayre
yonge
mayde
to
his
doughter
/
and
a
yonge
man
that
dwelled
in
the
towne
loued
her
soo
moche
that
he
was
almoost
deed
for
her
sake
▪
●oo
yt
happened
on
a
tyme
that
she
wente
with
her
moder
in
the
towne
/
and
the
yonge
man
that
loued
her
soo
well
mette
her
of
fortune
in
the
strete
/
and
he
was
soo
ouercome
with
loue
/
that
he
myght
not
restrayne
hymselfe
/
but
sod●ynly
wente
to
her
and
kyssed
her
afore
all
the
people
:
The
moder
of
this
mayde
/
whiche
was
wyfe
to
Phylostrate
wolde
ne
des
that
this
yonge
man
sholde
be
deed
for
that
offence
/
and
often
tymes
styred
her
lorde
thereto
▪
But
Phylostratus
answered
her
agayne
full
pyteously
and
sayd
:
And
we
sholde
make
theym
to
be
slayne
that
doth
loue
vs
/
what
shall
we
do●●●
theym
that
doth
hate
vs
▪
And
this
was
a
worshypfull
and
a
pyteous
answere
▪
¶
Also
of
the
worthy
Pompee
that
ys
spoken
of
here
tofore
/
It
is
wryten
that
he
was
of
soo
greate
vertue
and
courage
that
he
wolde
n●t
be
lyghtely
moued
to
angre
¶
He
suffered
pacyentely
many
Iniures
and
wronges
that
were
doone
vnto
hym
by
Enuyous
people
:
For
bycause
that
he
was
so
curyous
in
Cunnynge
for
too
encreace
the
comon
welthe
▪
¶
But
for
all
that
/
he
wolde
neuer
leue
too
doo
well
.
▪
wherfore
it
appereth
to
be
true
that
Ualere
sayth
in
his
thyrde
boke
/
in
the
fyrst
chapytre
of
Sapyence
/
where
he
sayth
that
Sapyence
is
so
lyke
to
force
/
that
it
semeth
that
it
is
borne
of
her
or
with
her
.
¶
yet
may
ye
se
another
ensample
of
the
ryght
debonayre
&
cheualrous
kynge
Pyrrus
whiche
we
haue
spoken
of
dyuers
tymes
here
tofore
/
he
was
a
man
of
grete
courage
/
and
had
many
vertues
/
he
worshypped
the
good
and
honourable
persones
/
lyke
as
he
shewed
ofte
tymes
to
the
Romaynes
durynge
the
terme
of
warres
that
was
amonge
them
▪
So
it
happened
vpon
a
tyme
he
dyscomfyted
the
Romaynes
/
yet
was
he
neuer
the
more
proude
nor
cruell
ayenst
them
/
syke
as
nowe
a
dayes
yf
men
haue
vyctory
of
theyr
enemyes
/
they
wexe
soo
proude
that
they
can
not
knowe
god
neman
/
whiche
is
a
grete
foly
/
for
a
man
sholde
thynke
that
fortune
dystrybueth
often
tymes
after
her
wyll
/
and
gyueth
vyctoryes
to
a
man
at
one
tyme
/
and
at
another
tyme
tourneth
the
whele
▪
But
this
Pyrrus
for
the
worthynes
that
he
knewe
in
the
Romaynes
wolde
not
leue
his
noblesse
▪
Notwithstondynge
that
he
had
the
vyctory
/
but
wente
ayenst
theyr
enbassadoures
/
whan
he
vnderstode
that
theyr
comynge
was
for
to
desyre
theyr
prysoners
&
worshypfully
receyued
them
.
¶
yet
of
deboneyryte
&
howe
fortune
maye
chaunge
.
Ca.
xvi
.
YEt
to
the
purpose
of
the
wyse
/
Mekenes
of
the
prynce
.
And
also
howe
fortune
may
chaunge
in
a
lytel
whyle
we
haue
ensample
in
that
that
befell
to
the
sayd
kynge
Pyrrus
/
by
the
whiche
we
may
conclude
for
certayne
/
that
by
pryde
a
man
is
not
enhaunced
to
good
fortune
:
This
kynge
Pyrrus
was
a
grete
warryoure
and
a
vyctoryous
man
ouer
many
other
prynces
&
kynges
▪
And
lyke
as
fortune
dyde
helpe
hym
for
to
conquere
&
gete
royalmes
&
lordshyppes
/
in
lyke
wyse
she
●oyed
and
condyted
hym
for
to
lose
them
by
greuous
dyscomfytures
/
and
fynally
by
batayle
brought
hym
to
hys
laste
terme
/
and
that
was
the
deth
/
for
as
he
maynteyned
the
warre
in
many
londes
that
he
had
goten
/
they
of
●rece
were
so
adradde
and
soo
a
ferde
of
hym
for
the
greate
batayles
that
he
had
made
ayenst
the
Romaynes
/
and
ayenst
the
●artagyences
that
they
wyste
not
well
what
for
to
do
.
So
it
happened
that
he
wente
agaynst
a
cyte
of
Grece
that
was
called
Lacedemone
whiche
was
a
cyte
of
grete
renowne
.
But
at
that
tyme
it
was
better
defended
and
saued
from
dystruccyon
by
women
than
by
men
/
as
Ualere
sayth
/
for
in
defence
of
the
same
countree
/
there
came
so
grete
nombre
of
women
/
that
of
very
force
Pyrrus
must
nedes
departe
thens
shamefully
/
and
had
one
of
his
owne
sones
slayne
/
whiche
caused
hym
to
take
ryght
grete
so
rowe
&
heuynes
/
and
so
fortune
at
that
tyme
was
not
his
frende
.
And
whan
he
was
parted
from
thens
/
he
wente
before
the
cyte
of
Arges
/
and
there
he
was
slayne
with
the
cast
of
a
stone
&
thus
ended
the
kynge
Pyrrus
/
whiche
had
tourmented
many
one
vpon
erth
.
●elenus
sone
of
●●tygone
whiche
was
kynge
of
●rges
made
grete
Ioy
for
the
dethe
of
Pyrrus
and
made
smyte
of
the
hede
from
the
body
&
with
grete
Ioy
he
brought
it
to
his
fader
.
But
●ntygone
lyke
a
wyse
prynce
blamed
hym
for
that
he
made
so
grete
Ioye
for
the
dethe
of
so
noble
a
knyght
as
he
was
.
And
for
because
also
that
he
had
no
pyte
/
seynge
●
grete
●reylte
of
fortune
whiche
is
neuer
stable
/
&
forthwith
he
worshypped
the
hede
/
&
toke
away
the
couerynge
of
his
owne
h●
de
whiche
was
couered
after
the
maner
of
kynges
of
Macydone
/
&
with
grete
honoure
couered
the
hede
of
Pyrrus
/
&
made
take
the
body
worshypfully
out
of
the
felde
to
be
brought
vnto
hym
/
&
forth
withall
he
lete
bury
hym
with
grete
reuerence
/
&
made
for
hym
worshypfull
obsequyes
after
the
vse
&
custome
in
those
dayes
/
&
as
the
sone
of
Pyrrus
whiche
was
brought
vnto
hym
prysoner
/
made
clothe
hym
in
royal
clothynge
&
bade
hym
take
vnto
hym
the
courage
of
a
kynge
/
&
gaue
to
hym
the
asshes
of
his
faders
body
in
a
vessel
of
golde
&
bade
hym
go
ho
me
agayne
to
the
Empyre
whiche
was
his
faders
kyngdom
●●d
so
it
semeth
to
me
truely
that
in
the
sentence
of
this
story
ys
well
comprehended
the
varyaunce
of
fortune
lyke
as
it
is
openly
declared
by
Pyrrus
/
as
for
that
grete
lyberalyte
/
mekenes
/
&
humanyte
.
And
also
of
the
worshyp
&
honoure
of
this
worthy
prynce
whiche
ought
gretely
to
be
recommended
amonge
other
prynces
afore
sayd
.
¶
Notwithstondynge
it
is
wryten
in
lyke
wyse
of
Hanyball
the
Emperour
of
Affryke
whiche
was
a
ryght
famous
&
a
manly
knyght
/
&
had
many
vyctoryous
batayles
ayenst
the
Romaynes
/
&
other
whyle
he
loste
.
But
this
same
worthy
prynce
when
he
had
wonne
the
vytory
of
ony
batayle
/
as
he
dyde
of
many
one
/
he
wolde
an
one
make
serche
the
felde
And
all
worthy
prynces
&
knyghtes
that
were
founde
deed
in
the
batayle
/
he
wolde
an
one
lete
take
&
bury
them
/
as
well
of
hys
enemyes
as
of
his
owne
with
grete
honoure
&
worshyp
/
lyke
as
he
dyde
with
the
worthy
Romayne
prynce
that
was
called
●mulus
●aulus
/
whiche
was
slayne
in
the
batayle
of
●●nes
/
where
was
so
grete
occysyon
of
Romaynes
/
that
he
fylled
threpypes
full
of
rynges
of
them
that
were
slayne
/
and
sente
them
home
in
to
his
countree
/
for
at
that
tyme
it
was
custome
that
all
noble
men
sholde
were
rynges
/
and
thoughe
this
seme
a
grete
meruayle
/
it
is
no
wonder
/
yet
all
these
cronyclers
and
wryters
of
storyes
recordeth
the
same
.
But
yt
maye
well
hap
pen
that
the
pypes
were
not
so
grete
in
those
dayes
as
they
be
nowe
/
orelles
it
was
some
other
measure
that
was
so
called
at
that
tyme
.
And
after
this
batayle
he
lete
nobly
bury
the
body
of
the
sayd
●mulus
Paulus
.
And
in
lyke
wyse
he
dyde
vn to
another
noble
Romayne
prynce
/
●●e
whiche
was
called
●●yberyus
Graccus
the
whiche
was
slayne
also
in
another
batayles
and
wh●n
he
was
brente
toke
the
asshes
/
&
gaue
th●
to
his
knyghtes
in
a
vessell
of
golde
to
bere
home
in
to
his
owne
countrees
and
in
lyke
wyse
also
she
dyde
to
Marcus
Marcellus
whiche
was
slayne
in
another
batayle
/
for
anone
after
the
batayle
he
made
cast
ryche
clothes
vpon
hym
and
brente
hym
as
the
custome
was
at
that
tyme
/
and
set
a
crowne
of
●auryer
on
his
hede
as
for
a
vyctoryous
prynce
/
for
not
withstandynge
that
he
was
slayne
/
yet
had
he
wonne
the
felde
vpon
hanyball
But
yet
was
the
noblesse
and
the
courage
so
grete
of
the
worthy
prynce
Hanyball
that
he
worshypped
as
well
his
enemyes
when
they
had
ouercomen
hym
/
as
he
wolde
be
worshypped
whan
he
had
ouercomen
them
.
Wherfore
Ualere
sayth
/
that
this
huma
nyte
gaue
a
gretter
voyce
and
lawde
to
Hanyball
/
●han
the
byctoryes
that
he
had
wonne
▪
For
he
sayth
that
he
ouercame
them
by
the
malyce
of
●●fryke
/
and
worshypped
them
by
the
courteysy
and
the
mekenes
of
Romaynes
.
¶
Howe
a
prynce
sholde
not
be
proude
thoughe
fortune
fauoure
hym
neuer
so
moche
▪
Capitulo
.
▪
xvii
.
●Or
bycause
we
haue
touched
that
no
man
for
no
mane●
of
fortune
that
myght
fall
vnto
hym
sholde
be
proude
.
And
that
it
maye
be
exsample
to
euery
good
prynce
for
to
kepe
hym
therfro
/
I
wyll
shewe
you
what
Ualere
sayth
therin
/
he
sayth
thus
▪
That
the
Romaynes
were
conquerours
for
bycause
that
they
were
not
proude
when
good
fortune
fell
vnto
them
/
lyke
as
some
done
that
ben
as
halfe
out
of
theyr
mynde
for
ioy
when
prosperyte
falleth
vnto
them
.
¶
But
the
Romaynes
he
sayth
gate
more
in
sparynge
of
them
that
were
ouercomen
/
●●at
is
to
saye
in
the
goodly
demeanynge
of
them
that
were
taken
then
by
ouercomynge
of
them
/
●nd
for
to
vnderstande
certaynly
that
mannes
good
fortune
blyndeth
hym
soo
by
pryde
that
he
can
not
knowe
hymselfe
/
nor
vnderstondeth
not
the
course
of
her
pleye
/
and
afterwarde
casteth
them
downe
in
his
horryble
pytre
/
It
appereth
amonge
other
ensamples
by
Hanyball
whiche
was
prynce
of
Cartage
afore
sayd
/
For
notwithstondynge
that
he
had
many
good
vertues
in
hym
/
he
rose
in
to
so
grete
a
pryde
for
bycause
of
the
vyctorye
that
he
had
vpon
the
Romaynes
as
hath
ben
declared
here
before
/
that
he
dysdayned
for
to
here
ony
man
speke
to
hym
/
but
made
other
men
speke
with
the
people
/
whiche
brought
vnto
hym
reporte
agayne
And
he
trusted
soo
moche
in
his
owne
wytte
and
in
his
good
fortune
&
felycyte
/
that
hym
semed
no
man
coude
showe
hym
nothynge
but
that
he
knewe
it
well
ynoughe
before
/
wherfore
on
a
tyme
he
dyspraysed
a
wyse
knyght
of
his
whiche
was
cal
led
Maherball
that
sayd
and
affermed
/
howe
he
had
aduysed
by
what
maner
of
meane
Hanyball
sholde
gete
Rome
/
●
how
he
sholde
soupe
in
the
Capytole
whiche
was
the
chyefe
fortresse
of
the
Cyte
/
but
he
lyste
not
to
here
it
/
nor
sette
not
therby
/
for
hym
semed
that
he
was
wyse
ynoughe
hymselfe
/
for
to
gete
it
without
ony
fayle
/
but
his
thought
begyled
hym
/
for
he
faylled
therof
/
wherfore
no
prynce
ought
not
disprayse
to
here
other
mennes
opynyons
/
and
specyally
of
suche
as
ben
wyse
men
/
For
there
is
no
thynge
be
it
neuer
so
subtyll
/
but
mannes
wyt
maye
ymagyne
the
meanes
for
to
optayne
it
▪
But
the
proude
man
deygne
not
to
enquyre
/
For
as
Ualere
sayth
/
felycyte
after
the
comon
course
wyll
not
suffre
a
proude
man
for
to
here
the
voyce
of
a
meke
man
/
thoughe
it
be
neuer
so
true
and
profytable
vnto
hym
/
for
because
he
hath
no
moderacyon
of
attempe●aunce
/
So
was
the
ende
of
this
Hanyball
as
it
is
conteyned
in
the
Romayne
storyes
▪
For
after
that
he
had
longe
trauayled
the
Romaynes
by
many
grete
batayles
/
fortune
tourned
so
moche
ayenst
hym
that
at
the
ende
he
loste
all
his
Empyre
/
his
men
/
and
his
goodes
/
and
was
compelled
for
to
flee
&
hyde
hymselfe
.
But
he
coude
fynde
no
prynce
in
the
worlde
that
wolde
receyue
hym
for
fere
of
the
Romaynes
for
whiche
cause
he
fell
in
dyspayre
and
slewe
hymselfe
by
v●nyme
that
he
dranke
●nd
so
this
Hanyball
dyed
wretchedly
/
whiche
was
in
his
tyme
one
of
the
manlyest
prynces
and
best
fortuned
in
the
worlde
as
it
is
shewed
in
storyes
.
And
therfore
to
our
purpose
/
the
wordes
that
was
somtyme
sayd
by
Salon
one
of
the.
vii
.
sages
is
veryfyed
here
ayenst
them
that
weneth
to
fynde
&
haue
felycyte
by
rychesses
/
honoures
/
and
delytes
/
saynge
that
no
man
ought
to
calle
hymselfe
vrouse
as
longe
as
he
lyueth
in
thys
worlde
/
for
we
ben
subiecte
to
fortune
vnto
our
last
dayes
/
whiche
is
chaungeable
and
doubtefull
/
by
the
whiche
chaunges
/
it
happeneth
often
tymes
that
the
name
of
felycyte
is
taken
a
maye
f●o●●e
many
creatures
.
¶
Howe
the
good
prynce
ought
to
loue
Iustyce
.
Ca.
xviii
.
AS
me
semeth
we
haue
spoken
ynoughe
of
the
matter
of
two
of
the
fyrst
poyntes
and
of
the
brauuches
longynge
to
the
same
/
Upon
whiche
the
naturall
prynce
and
not
the
tyraunte
ought
to
be
founde
/
vpon
the
fete
of
his
gouer
naunce
lyke
as
we
haue
promysed
to
speke
of
here
before
.
That
is
to
were
howe
he
ought
to
loue
and
drede
god
aboue
all
thynges
.
¶
Also
the
seconde
poynte
that
he
shol
de
loue
and
kepe
the
comon
welthe
of
his
londe
more
than
his
owne
propre
.
¶
Nowe
we
must
speke
of
the
thyrde
poynte
whiche
is
/
that
he
ought
to
kepe
and
loue
Iustyce
/
where
vpon
we
must
fyrst
se
what
is
Iustyce
/
&
afterwarde
the
maner
howe
the
good
prynce
ought
to
kepe
it
/
and
what
thynges
be
necessary
for
the
kepynge
therof
.
And
howe
the
olde
auncyentes
that
were
well
taught
kepte
it
.
And
vpon
this
we
wyll
shewe
some
ensamples
to
the
purpose
lyke
as
we
haue
done
here
tofore
?
Arystotle
saythe
/
that
Iustyce
is
a
measure
that
yeldeth
to
euery
man
his
ryght
.
And
yet
a
man
might
declare
more
vpon
this
worde
after
the
dyscrypcyon
of
the
sayd
vertue
/
but
for
as
moche
as
I
haue
before
this
tyme
touched
this
matter
and
specyally
in
the
boke
of
dyscrypcyon
/
whiche
is
made
of
the
wysdome
of
man
.
I
passe
the
more
lyghtly
ouer
at
this
tyme
for
by
cause
that
I
wyll
declare
you
ensamples
accordynge
to
oure
matter
.
Fyrste
the
good
prynce
ought
to
loue
Iustyce
in
suche
wyse
/
that
for
no
maner
of
fauoure
he
breke
it
not
?
For
the
auncyent
faders
before
vs
loued
Iustyce
so
well
/
that
they
wolde
not
spare
theyr
owne
chyldren
?
Lyke
as
it
was
shewed
by
an
▪
Emperoure
whiche
commaunded
/
that
what
man
that
brake
a
certayne
commaundement
whiche
he
hadde
made
sholde
●ose
bothe
his
eyen
/
For
thoughe
his
owne
sone
fell
in
the
case
he
sholde
not
be
pardoned
of
that
same
payne
?
So
it
fortuned
afterwarde
that
his
sone
brake
this
commaundement
/
and
forthe
withall
he
wolde
haue
doone
this
Iustyce
vpon
hym
.
But
for
as
moche
as
that
he
sholde
reygne
after
hym
and
he
were
made
blynde
of
bothe
eyen
/
yt
semed
to
hym
that
he
myght
ne
uer
gouerne
well
his
subiectes
/
nor
the
comon
welthe
of
hys
royalme
▪
wherfore
he
founde
a
remedy
for
to
satysfye
his
com
maundement
▪
●nd
also
that
the
lybertye
of
his
gouernaunce
sholde
not
be
all
taken
from
hym
/
But
that
remedy
was
ryght
pyteous
/
for
he
made
to
put
out
the
one
eye
of
his
sone
and
another
of
his
owne
▪
Thenne
I
saye
yf
they
kepte
rygorous
Iustyce
at
that
tyme
▪
it
is
as
moche
released
in
the
tyme
that
nowe
ys
▪
and
more
ouer
I
haue
before
thys
spoken
of
euyll
mynystres
/
wherfore
I
wyll
as
nowe
passe
ouer
more
shortely
▪
¶
But
yet
to
the
purpose
of
rygorous
Iustyce
/
the
worthy
Romayne
prynce
/
whiche
was
named
AulusPostunus
whiche
by
his
wysdome
&
grete
hardynes
dyscomfyted
a
maner
of
people
that
were
called
Uolques
.
But
before
or
the
batayle
telle●he
made
crye
and
defende
vpon
payne
of
dothe
that
none
were
so
hardy
to
put
themselfe
in
prees
for
to
fyght
nor
depar
te
out
of
theyr
lodgynge
without
the
lycence
of
hym
.
This
sayd
Aulus
Postumus
happened
to
go
out
of
his
hooste
for
certayne
matters
that
he
had
to
do
.
So
it
fortuned
that
a
sone
of
his
had
a
knowlege
where
a
cerayne
of
his
enemyes
were
lodged
and
anone
he
toke
a
certayne
people
with
hym
&
faught
with
them
and
dyscomfyted
theym
.
And
when
his
fader
was
come
home
agayne
to
his
hooste
/
and
herde
of
this
thynge
/
an
one
he
gaue
Iugemente
and
sayd
/
that
it
was
more
harme
for
to
saue
that
man
fro
dethe
that
breketh
the
lawes
and
commaundementes
of
prynces
/
not
withstondynge
that
he
had
the
vyctory
of
his
enemyes
/
and
also
for
ensample
to
other
men
/
than
the
dyscomfyture
of
a
fewe
po●ple
.
And
forthe
withall
he
made
●myte
of
his
sones
heede
.
¶
Nowe
we
wyll
passe
ouer
of
the
rygorous
ensamples
and
we
wyl
speke
of
the
good
prynce
how
he
ought
to
kepe
Iustyce
/
and
what
thynges
be
necessary
vnto
hym
for
the
same
.
And
fyrst
he
must
be
puruayed
specyally
of
ryghtwyse
&
true
counsaylers
/
and
that
they
loue
better
the
lyfe
and
worshyp
of
the
prynce
and
the
welthe
of
the
comons
/
than
theyr
owne
synguler
profyte
.
But
Ifeere
me
that
there
be
fewe
suche
to
fynde
nowe
a
dayes
.
But
and
a
prynce
haue
suche
dyscrete
men
aboute
hym
/
he
maye
well
kepe
the
rewle
of
Iustyce
and
other
partyculer
matters
whiche
shall
encreace
and
multyply
hym
in
power
/
in
myght
and
in
rychesse
.
O
where
is
that
prynce
that
may
thanke
a
true
counsayloure
suffycyently
ynoughe
/
for
the
grete
goodnes
that
he
maye
fynde
in
shewynge
of
his
counsayle
yf
he
wyll
byleue
hym
/
It
ys
not
shewed
in
the
story
of
Romaynes
that
Scypyon
Nasyca
the
wyse
man
whiche
was
of
the
noble
lygne
of
these
other
Scypyons
that
were
so
worthy
men
of
armes
/
that
he
notwithstondyng
that
he
sewed
not
the
warres
as
these
other
dyde
/
yet
was
he
so
wyse
in
counsayle
and
gouernaunce
of
the
comon
profyte
/
that
he
dyde
as
moche
by
his
wysdome
as
the
others
dyde
by
theyr
armes
For
he
faught
so
with
his
wyse
reasons
namely
ayenst
some
of
the
myghty
men
of
Rome
/
that
wolde
haue
put
vnder
the
Senat
/
and
also
the
comon
welthe
/
wherfore
Uale
re
sayth
of
hym
that
he
deserned
no
lesse
thanke
of
the
people
in
his
koote
/
then
the
other
warryoures
in
theyr
armes
/
for
he
kepte
the
cyte
from
any
grete
inconuenyentes
&
moche
goodnes
shewed
them
by
his
meanes
.
¶
what
maner
counsaylours
a
prynce
sholde
take
.
Ca.
xix
.
_●Owe
we
must
aduyse
/
amonge
what
people
the
prynce
sholde
chose
his
counsayloures
/
for
to
be
well
counsayled
/
shall
it
not
be
amonge
the
yonge
men
/
Nay
/
for
they
counsayled
somtyme
euyl
the
kynge
Ieroboam
/
and
so
haue
they
done
many
another
prynce
●
But
he
shall
chose
them
amonge
the
olde
wyse
men
/
whiche
ben
good
men
/
and
well
experte
in
counsayle
for
they
ben
more
redy
to
gyue
good
counsayle
than
the
yonge
And
of
necessyte
it
longeth
to
a
good
counsayloure
/
that
he
be
well
aduysed
of
the
matter
that
he
comeneth
of●
or
he
gyue
coum
sayle
therin
/
and
that
he
gyue
not
to
hasty
credence
thoughe
a
matter
appere
fayre
before
hym
/
vnto
the
tyme
that
he
haue
wel
proued
the
trouthe
therin
/
for
at
the
fyrst
apparens
a
matter
maye
shewe
otherwyse
than
it
is
in
effecte
●nd
Arystotle
speketh
of
the
maners
of
the
olde
auncyentes
in
the
booke
of
Rethoryke
▪
and
saythe
that
they
were
not
lyght
of
byleue
/
for
by
cause
that
they
had
ben
often
tymes
defrauded
/
wherfore
they
wyll
not
lyghtly
determyne
a
thynge
in
haste
that
is
doubtefull
▪
But
they
wyll
often
tymes
construe
it
to
the
worste
/
For
they
haue
sene
it
often
tymes
fall
so
in
theyr
tyme
.
And
therfore
they
be
not
redy
for
to
gyue
counsayle
hastely
.
¶
Also
they
wyll
not
gyue
no
grete
truste
vpon
a
lytell
foundemente
/
nor
vpon
a
lytell
encheson
/
for
they
haue
often
tymes
sene
a
thynge
fall
otherwyse
than
they
thought
/
wherfore
they
wyll
not
gyue
hasty
counsayle
vpon
grete
empryses
/
without
grete
aduyse
and
delyberacyon
.
●nd
al
these
thynges
be
comonly
con
trary
to
yonge
men
.
And
also
all
other
naturall
thynges
wayeth
more
in
the
olde
man
than
in
the
yonge
.
But
to
say
that
al
olde
men
ben
wyse
.
Iwyll
not
say
so
/
●or
Arystotle
sayth
that
there
b●n
two
maner
of
ages
/
one
is
that
that
foloweth
after
youthe
/
well
ordeyned
/
and
well
attempred
/
and
this
age
Tullyus
aloweth
gretely
in
his
boke
of
age
.
The
other
age
that
cometh
after
youthe
/
is
that
/
that
is
vndyscrete
&
wauerynge
&
this
age
is
subiecte
to
many
myseryes
/
&
is
not
worthy
to
be
recommended
.
And
therfore
Ihaue
sayd
that
the
prynces
sholde
chose
his
counsaylours
of
the
olde
wyse
men
.
And
yet
to
speke
more
of
them
thought
so
be
that
they
haue
not
so
grete
bodely
strength
as
haue
the
yonge
men
/
yet
they
may
haue
gretter
vertue
&
dyscrecyon
in
counsayle
/
as
Ihaue
sayd
before
/
whiche
is
more
nedefull
&
profytable
then
the
strengthe
of
the
body
/
In
as
moche
as
it
is
more
to
be
alowed
&
is
more
noble
/
the
vertue
of
vnderstondynge
&
of
dyscrecyon
&
knowlege
/
then
is
the
strength
of
the
body
/
for
after
the
wyse
werkynge
of
coum
sayles
of
olde
wyse
men
ben
well
susteyned
&
gouerned
the
royall
magestees
/
the
●ytees
/
and
the
polycyes
/
&
the
comon
welthe
/
whiche
often
tymes
ben
cast
downe
by
the
yonge
men
/
as
Tullyus
sayth
/
as
it
appereth
clerely
in
dyuers
storyes
.
Then
thoughe
so
be
that
age
taketh
awaye
the.
bodely
strength
/
yet
it
haboundeth
in
wysdome
and
vnderstandynge
whiche
thynges
ben
moost
to
be
alowed
.
And
therfore
aged
men
that
ben
sory
that
theyr
youthe
is
past
/
it
is
a
sygne
that
they
be
nother
wyse
nor
vertuous
/
for
that
man
is
not
wyse
that
choseth
not
the
more
profytable
thynge
/
and
why
that
men
dysprayse
age
is
for
nothynge
elles
/
But
that
it
taketh
awaye
the
wyll
and
the
delectacyons
of
the
flesshe
.
And
therfore
age
ought
not
to
be
blamed
/
but
ought
to
be
gretely
thanked
.
For
in
that
it
taketh
awaye
the
rote
of
all
euylles
/
For
after
the
sayenge
of
Archyca
of
●arence
that
was
ryght
a
grete
phylosophre
.
There
is
no
gretter
pestylence
gyuen
to
the
nature
of
man
/
then
is
the
wyll
of
the
body
/
of
the
whiche
groweth
treasons
/
subuersyons
of
cytees
/
and
of
people
/
and
defoulynge
of
women
/
and
all
euyll
thynges
/
nor
there
is
none
vnthryfty
thynge
but
it
wyll
drawe
it
vnto
the
courage
of
man
at
some
tyme
/
it
is
she
that
destroyeth
the
Iugemente
of
reason
/
and
putteth
out
the
eye
of
mannes
lyfe
.
And
also
she
hath
none
affynyte
nor
communycacyon
with
vertues
/
So
than
it
is
more
lowable
for
to
chose
age
then
the
dylectacyons
of
the
body
/
whiche
yonge
men
glad
ly
wyll
not
eschewe
.
Wherfore
the
olde
men
ben
more
noble
&
set
lesse
by
contrary
thynges
&
reproues
ayenst
themselfe
than
the
yonge
men
doone
.
As
Arystotle
saythe
in
the.
viii
.
booke
of
●thyques
:
And
Tullyus
speketh
too
the
same
purpose
and
saythe
/
that
age
is
stronger
&
more
couragyous
than
is
youthe
wherfore
Salon
the
grete
wyse
man
of
Athenes
answered
to
the
●yrante
●ytsycratus
whiche
asked
hym
howe
he
durste
be
so
bolde
to
answere
hym
soo
malepertely
/
he
answered
hym
and
sayd
/
that
it
was
by
the
force
of
age
/
and
this
is
conteyned
in
the
translacyon
of
Ualere
whiche
Ihaue
gadered
out
of
his
bookes
/
somewhat
goynge
out
of
my
fyrst
processe
that
speketh
of
Iustyce
/
for
to
declare
what
counsayloures
longeth
to
a
good
prynce
.
¶
●owe
a
good
prynce
not
witstondynge
that
he
be
debonayre
&
meke
ought
to
be
dredde
and
doubted
.
●apitulo
.
xx
.
OF
Iustyce
and
wherof
●●●●●ueth
/
it
is
tyght
wel
knowen
that
yt
longeth
to
a
good
prynce
to
punysshe
or
cause
to
punysshe
the
euyll
d●ers
/
wher fore
I
wyll
leue
spekynge
of
it
at
this
tyme
/
for
bycause
that
I
haue
touched
it
here
before
▪
And
I
wyll
procede
vpon
that
that
longeth
to
the
sayd
good
prynce
after
the
trouthe
of
Iustyce
/
and
that
he
sholde
yelde
to
euery
man
that
belongeth
vnto
hym
after
his
power
▪
And
yf
he
kepe
this
meanes
of
Iustyce
/
he
may
not
fayle
for
to
do
ryght
in
euery
thynge
/
for
yf
he
do
thus
he
shall
yelde
to
hymselfe
that
is
dewe
.
For
it
is
reason
that
he
vse
the
same
ryght
that
he
wyl
do
to
euery
man
.
That
is
to
knowe
that
he
wolde
be
obeyed
&
doubted
of
ryght
and
reason
as
is
accordynge
to
the
mageste
of
a
prynce
.
For
in
what
londe
or
place
that
a
prynce
is
not
doubted
/
there
maye
be
no
good
Iustyce
▪
●nd
howe
that
it
longeth
to
a
prynce
for
to
be
doubted
it
appereth
by
the
worthy
man
that
was
named
Cleartus
that
was
duke
of
Lacedemone
/
whiche
is
a
grete
parte
of
Grece
where
were
sometyme
passynge
man
ly
people
▪
This
duke
whiche
was
a
knyghtly
man
and
a
grete
warryoure
to
that
entente
that
his
people
sholde
drede
more
for
to
flee
than
to
deye
/
sayd
to
theym
in
this
wyse
/
that
men
of
warre
ought
rather
to
drede
theyr
prynce
than
the
deth
of
theyr
enemyes
.
For
the
whiche
wordes
/
and
for
the
greate
Iustyce
that
he
dyde
vpon
them
that
were
euyll
and
cowardes
.
They
abondoned
themselfe
without
sparynge
or
fere
that
they
acheued
many
meruayllous
empryses
/
wherfore
it
is
no
doubte
but
y●
the
prynce
ought
to
be
doubted
though
he
be
neuer
so
mekene
so
gentyl
/
for
the
mekenes
ought
to
be
taken
but
as
a
thynge
of
grace
/
whiche
euery
man
ought
syngulerly
to
take
hede
of
/
&
not
to
the
entente
that
they
sholde
dysprayse
theyr
prynce
for
his
grete
gentylnes
.
And
for
this
cause
the
olde
aūeyentes
paynted
the
goddes
of
lordshyp
whiche
was
fygured
lyke
a
lady
&
set
vp
●an
hyghe
royall
trone
/
&
in
the
one
hande
she
helde
a
braunche
of
Olyfe
and
in
the
other
honde
she
helde
a
naked
sworde
/
whiche
sygnyfyed
that
in
lordshyp
ought
to
be
benygnyte
and
mercy
/
&
also
Iustyce
/
and
myght
.
Then
the
good
prynce
as
it
is
sayd
before
sholde
be
gouerned
by
the
olde
wyse
men
/
and
yelde
to
euery
man
that
is
his
dewe
.
And
also
he
sholde
wyll
that
these
good
and
worshypfull
men
sholde
be
reuerenced
for
theyr
merytes
and
theyr
good
vertues
after
the
sentence
of
the
wyse
man
whiche
sayth
.
Aryse
ayenst
the
balled
man
.
For
in
olde
tyme
men
were
wonte
to
do
grete
reuerence
to
the
auncyent
wyse
men
▪
and
namely
they
of
Lacedemone
whiche
made
many
worshyp
full
pleyes
.
And
this
came
in
by
the
introduce
you
&
the
lawes
of
Lygnegus
theyr
honourable
&
wyse
kynge
whiche
he
had
taught
them
.
For
he
made
many
dyuers
of
them
/
whiche
they
maynteyned
longe
tyme
after
.
So
it
happened
on
a
tyme
that
an
olde
auncyent
man
wente
to
the
Theatre
of
Athenes
for
to
se
the
pleyes
.
This
Theatre
was
a
place
in
whiche
all
the
yonge
men
assembled
in
/
for
to
proue
theyr
myght
one
ayenst
another
/
as
in
armes
/
or
Iustes
/
or
wrastelynges
/
and
all
suche
other
thynges
.
But
none
of
all
the
other
cytesyns
of
Athenes
wolde
gyue
no
place
vnto
the
auncyent
man
for
to
sytte
in●
So
he
wente
so
longe
aboute
that
of
auenture
he
came
where
the
Embassadours
of
Lacedemone
were
set
to
se
these
pleyes
whiche
were
come
in
message
to
Athenes
goodly
yonge
men
&
lusty
/
&
when
they
sawe
this
olde
man
come
/
they
rose
vp
a
yenst
hym
after
theyr
olde
custome
and
dyde
hym
reuerence
and
set
hym
in
an
honest
place
amonge
theym
.
And
whan
the
people
sawe
this
they
commended
moche
the
good
custome
of
the
straungers
/
and
sayd
amonge
themselfe
/
we
wote
wel
ynoughe
that
they
dyde
ryght
/
But
we
abode
for
too
vnderstonde
what
the
straungers
wolde
do
.
¶
Howe
the
good
prynce
sholde
vse
the
counsayle
of
the
wyse
men
.
Capitulo
.
xxi
▪
WE
haue
sayd
/
howe
the
good
prynce
sholde
worsh●yp
the
olde
wyse
men
/
and
vse
of
theyr
counsayle
.
¶
And
for
to
vse
the
counsayle
of
wyse
men
▪
A
knyght
that
was
Capytayne
of
the
men
of
armes
whose
name
was
cal-called
Mynucyus
sayd
a
fayre
worde
to
this
purpose
/
as
Ualere
resyteth
▪
For
when
he
wolde
go
to
yelde
grace
to
Fabyus
of
that
that
he
hadde
saued
hym
and
his
hooste
/
he
sayd
vnto
his
knyghtes
/
fayre
lyrdes
sayth
he
/
I
haue
often
tymes
herde
saye
/
that
he
is
the
fyrste
in
the
werke
that
can
gyue
good
counsayle
of
suche
matters
as
ben
for
to
do
/
as
the
case
requyreth
.
●
The
seconde
is
he
/
that
byleueth
the
good
counsayle
.
But
he
that
nother
can
counsayle
/
●e
vnderstonde
good
coun●
sayle
/
he
is
of
noo
maner
of
profyte
▪
And
therfore
fayre
lordes
/
we
wyll
sette
asyde
the
fyrst
/
that
is
to
saye
/
that
we
be
not
wyse
ynoughe
for
to
gyue
good
counsayle
/
for
we
haue
noo
suffycyent
wytte
ther
to
/
wherfore
lette
vs
take
the
seconde
/
that
is
to
saye
▪
Lette
vs
obeye
vnto
Fabyus
/
whiche
is
ryght
a
wyse
man
▪
and
of
good
counsayle
/
and
soo
they
dyde
▪
For
the
whiche
cause
and
counsayle
he
ouercame
them
in
batayle
/
for
he
was
ryght
a
wyse
man
:
¶
And
yet
to
the
same
purpose
/
that
ys
to
saye
/
that
Prynces
sholde
byleue
and
vse
the
counsayle
of
the
wyse
men
▪
The
grete
Dyaletyque
saythe
/
that
euery
man
ought
to
byleue
hym
that
is
experte
in
his
crafte
.
That
ys
to
knowe
that
the
good
prynce
ought
to
take
counsayle
of
dyuers
folkes
/
after
the
matters
that
he
hathe
to
do
in
/
For
as
the
gouer
naunce
of
Iustyce
/
●
the
dyuers
thynges
that
may
fall
therin
of
suche
thynges
as
he
ought
not
for
to
take
counsayle
of
his
men
of
arme●
/
nor
of
his
knyghtes
.
But
of
the
Legystres
and
clerkes
/
whiche
ben
experte
in
that
scyence
▪
And
as
to
the
●eete
of
armes
he
sholde
not
take
his
counsayle
of
the
clerkes
.
And
in
lyke
wyse
of
all
other
thynges
.
Lyke
as
Ualere
sayth
of
Quin
tus
Scenola
.
That
not
with
stondynge
he
was
ryght
a
grete
Legystre
and
a
shewer
of
ryght
/
yet
whan
men
come
to
aske
hym
counsayle
of
certayne
customes
of
the
offyces
of
Rome
.
/
He
sente
theym
worde
that
asked
hym
the
questyons
to
Furnes
/
or
to
Chastelanus
/
whiche
were
experte
in
the
same
customes
.
Not
with
stondynge
paraduenture
he
coude
as
wel
haue
tolde
yt
hymselfe
.
But
he
wolde
that
euery
man
sholde
entremete
or
medle
of
that
Scyence
that
he
had
gyuen
hym
vnto
without
more
.
For
the
whiche
feete
Ualere
saythe
/
he
recommended
more
the
auctoryte
in
that
/
that
he
wolde
not
take
vpon
hym
other
mennes
offyces
/
then
for
the
gretnesse
of
his
wysdome
/
And
this
is
ayenst
them
that
wolde
be
aboue
all
other
/
and
medle
of
euery
thynge
by
E●●ye
and
Pryde
.
¶
Nowe
a
good
prynce
sholde
vse
the
co●msayle
of
wyse
men
/
for
to
kepe
Iustyce
and
doo
equyte
to
hymselfe
/
and
to
all
other
.
Fyrste
he
must
take
hede
that
these
men
that
be
commytted
by
hym
in
to
offyces
/
be
not
corrupte
ne
defouled
/
nor
of
euyll
lyuynge
/
And
that
his
Iustyces
be
not
fauourable
vnto
one
partye
more
than
to
another
.
Lyke
as
it
hathe
ben
touched
here
tofore
/
And
also
that
he
spare
noo
more
the
greate
than
he
dothe
the
smalle
.
¶
And
for
bycause
that
comonly
there
is
shewed
more
fauoure
to
the
ryche
/
than
vnto
the
poore
/
whiche
is
ayenst
God
and
ryght
/
wherfore
●●●rchasus
the
Phylosophre
lykened
the
lawes
vnto
●oppe
webbes
/
that
the
●pydre
maketh
/
and
sayd
.
●hat
the
●oppe
webbes
toke
not
the
greate
Flyes
/
nor
the
greate
Hornettes
/
But
it
taketh
the
lytell
Flyes
/
and
feble
Butter
flyes
and
letteth
goo
the
grete
/
that
often
tymes
breketh
theym
and
flyeth
thrughe
/
Soo
in
lyke
wyse
it
is
of
the
Lawes
/
For
the
grate
and
the
myghty
breketh
theym
often
tymes
and
passeth
thrughe
theym
without
ony
feere
.
But
the
poore
he
taken
and
trapped
:
And
this
cometh
comon
ly
by
the
false
couetyse
of
them
that
sholde
mynystre
Iustyce
And
therfore
the
wyse
man
Perycle
sayd
/
whiche
was
of
grete
auctoryte
in
the
cyte
of
Athenes
&
ryght
vertuous
.
As
●ul
lus
wytnesseth
in
his
boke
of
offyces
/
that
it
behoueth
to
hym
he
sayth
that
medeleth
of
Iustyce
/
not
onely
to
haue
his
hondes
and
his
tongue
close
/
but
also
well
his
eyen
▪
This
is
to●
vnderstonde
that
a
man
sholde
kepe
from
receyuynge
of
gyftes
that
corrupteth
the
Iugementes
of
man
▪
Also
that
he
kepe
hymselfe
from
ouer
moche
language
/
and
frome
the
incon
uenyence
of
the
flesshe
.
For
the
comon
people
taketh
hede
anone
to
the
lyfe
of
Iuges
/
and
of
grete
people
/
for
by
them
they
tak●●nsample
of
theyr
lyuynge
.
¶
Howe
the
good
prynce
ought
to
take
hede
vpon
the
rewle
of
his
offycers
.
Capitulo
.
xxii
.
FOr
bycause
we
be
entred
in
the
purpose
howe
the
good
prynce
ought
to
be
dylygent
for
to
take
hede
vpon
the
rewle
of
his
offycers
for
bycause
that
in
offycers
may
be
grete
pr●iudyce
to
the
welfare
of
the
royalme
●or
of
a
lordshyp
and
by
them
is
often
tymes
gyuen
grete
blame
to
prynces
for
theyr
mysgouernaunce
/
and
the
prynces
not
knowynge
of
theyr
rewle
/
we
wyll
somewhat
holde
this
matter
more
at
longe
in
showynge
good
ensamples
whiche
ben
expedyent
to
our
purpose
.
¶
For
bycause
nowe
a
dayes
men
make
no
grete
elec●yon
in
regarde
of
vertues
&
of
wysdome
for
as
moche
as
they
sette
men
in
royall
offyces
and
gyue
them
power
of
Iustyce
/
and
to
gouerne
the
people
whiche
be
not
able
/
but
that
they
be
put
in
by
fauoure
and
helpe
of
lordes
/
and
frendes
/
it
were
more
necessary
that
this
custome
were
amended
/
and
that
we
sholde
vse
the
custome
of
Remaynes
/
In
suche
case
as
here
after
foloweth
/
¶
It
is
to
knowe
as
Ualery
resyteth
in
the.
vii
.
b●ke
/
whiche
is
called
Repulses
by
the.
v.
chapytre
/
that
the
Romaynes
whiche
gouerned
soueraynly
the
comon
welthe
of
theyr
Cyte●
And
for
to
accomplysshe
all
theyr
thynges
in
ordre
and
reason
/
they
had
a
maner
that
from
yere
to
yere
they
chaunged
the
moost
parte
of
theyr
offycers
▪
And
they
dyde
so
for
bycause
that
they
sholde
take
heede
of
theym
that
they
dyde
not
amysse
whyle
they
were
therin
/
lest
they
sholde
haue
ben
punysshed
af
terwarde
▪
And
also
to
that
entente
that
they
sholde
not
ware
proude
in
theyr
offyces
/
wherfore
all
the
lordes
of
Rome
assem
bled
togyder
ones
in
the
yere
▪
●hat
is
to
knowe
suche
as
had
power
to
gyue
the
offyces
/
in
a
place
that
was
called
/
the
felde
of
●ars
.
And
as
it
was
accustomed
th●re
came
grete
&
●mal
for
to
aske
offyces
/
suche
as
long●d
to
his
faculte
▪
And
euery
man
had
a
propre
habyte
of
whyte
/
and
euery
man
put
in
there
his
requestes
of
the
offyce
that
he
desyred
.
And
for
bycause
y●
the
lordes
wolde
●e
dysc●yued
to
gyue
offyces
to
suche
men
as
were
not
worthy
to
haue
them
/
they
had
ordeyned
a
certayne
men
that
were
wyse
and
dyscrete
for
to
enquyre
of
the
deme●
nynge
and
the
good
lyuynge
of
theym
that
asked
the
offyces
.
And
they
sholde
brynge
in
by
wrytynge
howe
they
hadde
ben
gouerned
befor●tyme
in
theyr
offyces
/
yf
so
were
that
they
had
ony
before
that
tyme
▪
And
by
this
meanes
they
receyued
suche
men
as
were
able
▪
And
they
that
were
not
able
/
they
refused
them
boldly
.
And
wolde
god
that
men
wolde
do
so
now
a
day
●s
in
al
countrees
/
for
by
suche
meanes
euery
man
wolde
pay
ne
hymselfe
for
to
do
well
/
and
for
to
gete
hym
a
good
name
/
so
at
that
tyme
after
the
excercyse
of
theyr
vertuous
workes
▪
men
were
put
in
to
theyr
offyces
/
and
not
after
the
fauoure
of
lordeshyp
and
frendes
▪
And
soo
by
this
it
is
shewed
that
for
the
gouernaunce
of
the
comon
welthe
/
certayne
men
ought
to
be
chosen
and
ord●y●ed
in
euery
estate
after
the
offyce
that
he
sholde
medle
in
/
as
it
is
shewed
heretofore
.
That
is
to
knowe
for
the
f●ate
of
knyghthode
/
the
men
of
armes
and
suche
as
longeth
to
that
faculte
.
And
as
for
the
clargy
studyantes
in
scyence
speculatyues
&
in
artes
lyberall
as
well
as
in
other
/
as
●●llyus
saythe
.
And
in
this
the
prynce
ought
gretely
to
put
hymselfe
in
deuoyre
for
to
worshyp
and
the
glory
of
the
royalme
/
encreaseth
gretely
by
the
haboundannce
of
of
clarkes
and
of
wyse
men
/
For
by
theym
lyke
as
I
haue
sayd
byfore
the
prynce
maye
be
well
counsayled
▪
wherfore
Platon
sayd
lyke
as
●oece
telleth
in
his
fyrste
boke
of
consolacyon
that
the
goodes
of
the
comon
welthe
were
gracyous
when
they
were
vnder
the
gouernaunce
of
wyse
men
/
or
elles
that
the
gouernoures
of
prynces
wolde
study
in
wysdome
/
for
by
theyr
meanes
all
the
comonte
sholde
be
brought
in
/
to
obaye
the
lawes
and
the
rewles
of
reason
.
And
lyke
as
I
haue
often
tymes
sayd
.
I●
were
a
couenable
thynge
to
put
awaye
the
presumptuous
men
/
whiche
wolde
be
honoured
/
and
be
not
worthy
therto
/
for
that
entente
that
the
good
&
worshypfull
men
myght
be
honoured
and
receyued
in
to
offyces
/
whiche
sholde
cause
theym
that
ben
presumptuous
for
too
amende
themselfe
/
and
by
suche
extymacyons
the
good
were
deserued
frome
the
badde
/
lyke
as
it
was
ordeyned
by
the
studyes
of
cunnynge
.
¶
The
goodnes
that
falleth
to
a
prynce
for
to
byleue
the
counsayle
of
wyse
men
.
●apitulo
.
xxiii
.
VEt
sewynge
to
the
same
matter
by
good
proues
that
the
good
prynce
ought
to
loue
them
/
we
wyll
speke
of
the
greate
goodnesse
that
cometh
therof
.
and
maye
come
to
wyse
men
suche
as
ben
solempne
Phylosophres
in
speculaty●e/I●
ys
wryt●n
that
Athymonydes
the
Phylosophre
kepte
the
●yte
of
Syracuse
/
that
yt
sholde
not
be
taken
by
the
Romaynes
.
¶
And
by
wysdome
and
subtylyte
he
made
suche
instrumentes
that
the
strokes
of
●ngynes
myght
not
noye
ne
hurte
the
●yte/●
yet
at
the
laste
the
●yte
was
wonne
.
And
whanne
the
Prynce
of
the
hoost
was
within
the
towne
she
commaunded
that
no
man
sholdeslee
that
Phylosophre
/
but
as
the
men
of
a●mes
wente
aboute
to
pylle
the
towne
.
●
knyght
happened
for
to
come
vnto
the
house
of
this
Athymonydes
.
And
there
he
founde
hym
wrytynge
fygures
vpon
the
erthe
/
●yke
as
these
Geo
metryens
and
Astronomyens
doone
.
●hen
thys
knyght
asked
hym
what
he
was
/
and
he
gaue
hym
no
worde
to
answere
of
his
demaunde
/
for
bycause
that
he
was
soo
sore
sette
vp
on
that
thynge
that
he
made
/
●aue
onely
that
he
sayd
.
I
praye
the
hartely
that
thou
trouble
me
not
/
of
this
thynge
that
I
make
/
but
he
forthe
withall
●lewe
hym
.
¶
And
for
to
speke
of
this
Athymonydes
he
was
a
greate
Mathematyey●n/●o
moche
that
some
saythe
that
it
was
he
/
that
founde
fyrste
the
square
or
the
sercle
/
of
whiche
Arystotle
speketh
of
in
his
boke
of
predycacyons
.
Thoughe
soo
be
he
saythe
/
that
it
is
a
thynge
that
maye
be
knowne
and
lerned
/
yet
not
withstondynge
y●
was
well
lerned
in
hys
tyme
/
Also
some
sayth
that
thys
Phylosophre
sawe
by
hys
Astrologye
howe
he
sholde
dye
/
and
tolde
it
before
or
he
dyed
.
¶
But
when
men
asked
hym
why
he
wolde
not
departe
frome
that
place
where
he
sholde
dye
in
▪
He
sayde
that
the
mouynge
of
the
heuen
helde
hym
●o
faste
that
he
myght
not
styre
nor
departe
frome
that
place
where
he
was
in
.
¶
wherfore
yt
showed
that
he
was
in
the
same
opynyon
that
the
Influence
of
Heuen
dryueth
a
man
to
that
/
that
shall
fall
of
hym
.
¶
For
the
whiche
cause
a
manne
maye
see
/
that
there
is
noone
soo
good
/
nor
soo
greate
a
clerke
in
the
worlde
/
but
in
some
thynges
he
maye
●●re
and
be
dysceyued
.
¶
For
thys
may
not
be
true
as
to
the
operacyon
of
the
soule
whiche
maye
werke
at
his
owne
lyberte
and
myght
/
for
not
withstondynge
ony
maner
of
inclynacyon
of
heuenly
influence
/
she
may
chose
what
parte
that
she
wyll
▪
As
Arystotle
proueth
in
his
boke
of
Ethyques
▪
And
in
that
ye
maye
perceyue
and
vnderstande
the
parfyte
reason
and
knowlege
of
Arystotle
▪
For
Theologye
determyneth
playnely
vpon
the
feete
of
our
faythe
/
that
the
wyl
whiche
is
free
/
maye
not
be
constrayned
by
no
maner
accyon
▪
For
and
it
were
so
synne
and
vyce
myght
be
somewhat
excusable
/
for
as
moche
as
the
inclynacyons
of
man
myght
be
con
strayned
by
force
:
But
as
to
the
body
it
maye
be
true
that
in
some
thynges
man
is
subiecte
by
his
byrthe
in
dyuers
accyons
of
the
heuens
aboue
/
as
in
the
foure
fyrste
qualytees
▪
That
is
to
knowe
/
in
heete
/
in
colde
/
in
drynes
&
in
moysture
▪
For
it
is
not
in
power
of
man
▪
but
in
the
somer
he
must
haue
heete
/
and
in
lyke
wyse
of
all
other
▪
But
in
that
that
the
body
is
subiecte
vnto
the
soule
/
That
is
to
knowe
of
the
lyberalyte
of
free
wyll
I
saye
the
heuenly
influence
hath
no
domynacyon
nor
lord
shyp
thought
so
be
that
it
may
be
true
that
the
heuenly
accyons
gyue
to
man
many
inclynacyons
▪
As
a
man
may
se
▪
●olyte
/
Acche
●y●or
other
naturall
styrynges
/
yet
notwithstandynge
that
a
man
maye
caste
vpon
his
heede
a
brydell
of
areste
/
in
luche
wyse
that
he
shall
withstonde
the
dedes
of
all
suche
inclynacyons
And
to
proue
that
this
maye
be
true
saythe
Tholome
whiche
was
a
grete
astrologyen
▪
the
wyse
man
he
sayth
hathe
domynacyon
ouer
the
power
of
the
sterres
¶
And
to
proue
that
this
sentence
is
true
▪
it
appereth
by
that
that
is
wryten
of
Arystotle
▪
that
by
his
nature
sholde
haue
ben
an
euyl
condycyoned
man
but
by
his
grete
vertue
he
became
a
passynge
wyse
man
and
a
temperat●
and
well
manered
▪
And
in
this
wyse
he
surmoū●●d
nature
.
¶
●owe
the
olde
wysemen
were
gouerned
by
Phylosophres
Capitulo
.
xxiiii
SO
to
our
purpose
/
it
is
to
knowe
that
the
good
prynce
shall
be
gouerned
by
wysemen
.
And
also
that
●●
sholde
not
repugne
ayenst
the
seyence
of
Astro
logye
in
notable
persones
/
but
that
they
be
called
to
the
strayte
counsayles
of
prynces
/
lykess
it
is
proued
here
tofore
by
Athymonydes
the
Phylosophre
whiche
by
longe
tyme
saued
the
Cyte
of
Cyracuse
/
frome
the
hondes
of
his
enemyes
.
And
semblably
as
it
is
shewed
i
many
other
storyes
.
But
the
good
prynce
ought
well
to
be
ware
that
he
sta
blysshe
not
hys
partyculer
matters
by
them
that
semeth
wyse
/
and
be
not
/
For
he
maye
be
abused
by
suche
men
/
as
vnder
the
shadowe
of
cunnynge
maketh
themselfe
wyse
/
and
be
not
so
in
dede
.
And
suche
men
often
tymes
be
gyleth
the
prynces
and
the
leye
people
also
/
by
theyr
cautelous
dyscyplyne
.
But
when
it
is
so
that
this
scyence
resteth
in
a
good
man
it
maye
gretely
profyte
in
the
kepynge
of
Cytees
and
of
royalmes
/
and
to
the
augmentacyon
of
theym
▪
¶
Notwithstondynge
that
dyuers
men
repugne
agaynst
suche
men
/
and
saythe
that
they
sholde
not
be
of
the
counsayle
of
prynces
▪
For
as
Arystotle
sayth
thys
worlde
that
is
here
benethe
/
is
gouerned
by
the
accyon
of
heuenly
bodyes
.
And
Tholome
sayth
that
the
vysages
and
the
fygures
of
this
worlde
here
benethe
ben
subiectes
to
the
vysages
/
and
the
fyguracyons
of
the
heuens
aboue
:
¶
Then
and
it
be
true
that
all
these
wrytynges
speketh
of
/
as
touchynge
the
meruaylous
thynges
/
that
the
olde
phylosophres
dyde
in
theyr
tyme
/
without
ony
fayle
who
that
myght
haue
many
suche
men
aboute
hym
/
it
wolde
seme
that
he
sholde
be
well
con̄●ayled
.
For
it
is
not
to
thynke
that
soo
many
of
our
auctoures
that
were
of
olde
tyme
wolde
wryte
lesynges
.
Neuerthelesse
it
is
to
vnderstonde
that
no
prynce
sholde
take
no
suche
phylosophre
that
vseth
the
arte
that
is
defended
by
the
chyrche
.
For
in
that
lyeth
to
greate
peryll
.
And
also
he
sholde
not
suffre
them
ne
susteyne
theym
in
his
lond●
▪
for
there
maye
fall
ouer
many
in
conuenyentes
therof
/
For
I
speke
of
none
but
of
suche
as
be
parfyte
●stronomyers
/
whiche
scyence
of
Astronomye
thoughe
so
be
that
it
is
ryght
hyghe
and
passe
all
other
in
subtylte
yet
it
is
pure
naturall
.
And
without
euyll
arte
/
but
for
the
dyf
fyculte
therof
/
that
is
to
knowe
/
for
the
greate
subtylte
that
is
therin
there
ben
but
fewe
that
is
substancyally
founded
in
the
sayd
scyence
And
for
that
cause
many
men
blame
it
/
For
they
can
not
vnderstonde
/
nor
comprehende
it
in
theyr
mynde
▪
lyke
as
it
is
sayd
comonly
/
They
that
ben
ygnoraunte
in
thynges
soonest
wyll
blame
it
.
¶
But
for
to
knowe
that
there
haue
ben
men
parfytely
experte
in
that
scyence
.
Arystotle
telleth
in
the
fyrste
booke
of
Polytykes
of
a
Phylosophre
that
was
named
Tales
/
whiche
on
a
tyme
his
frendes
mocked
hym
for
bycause
that
he
occupyed
hym
soo
gretely
in
studye
and
was
soo
poore
that
he
hadde
no
good
.
And
when
they
hadde
argued
ynoughe
●yenst
hym
.
Then
the
sayd
Phylosophre
thought
that
he
wolde
shewe
theym
the
vertue
of
his
Cunnynge
.
For
he
dyde
soo
moche
with
a
lytell
money
that
he
hadde
/
that
by
the
meanes
of
his
scyence
he
gate
grete
good
on
the
nexte
yere
folowynge
.
For
he
vnderstode
by
his
Cunnynge
that
the
same
nexte
yere
●lyues
sholde
take
greate
worthe
/
where
vpon
he
employed
his
lytell
money
/
for
at
that
season
they
were
grete
chepe
/
and
soo
for
a
small
some
he
bought
grete
quantyte
of
●lyues
wh●che
he
solde
the
nexte
yere
folowynge
as
dere
as
he
wolde
.
—
¶
And
soo
by
that
meane
he
gate
greate
good
/
wherfore
Arystotle
sayth
●●●
shewed
his
cunnynge
to
his
frendes
/
to
that
entente
that
they
sholde
vnderstonde
that
it
was
but
a
lyghte
thynge
to
a
Ppylosophre
to
be
ryche
and
he
wolde
/
But
he
ended
not
to
suche
matters
/
But
onely
to
haue
the
good
vnderstondynge
of
the
blessyd
gouernaunce
of
aboue
.
¶
And
yet
to
this
purpose
.
There
was
another
Astronomyer
that
was
called
Spyroynya
/
whiche
by
his
scyence
shewed
before
at
Rome
of
the
dethe
of
Iulyus
Cezar
a
good
whyle
before
or
it
felle
/
where
vpon
it
happened
that
when
it
drewe
nyghe
the
terme
and
tyme
whiche
the
sayd
Spyroynya
hadde
sette
that
Iulyus
Cezar
sholde
not
passe
.
/
The
sayd
Iulyus
sente
for
Spyroynya
and
sayd
vnto
hym
/
wotest
thou
not
wel
quod
he
that
the
I●es
of
Marche
ben
almoost
paste
▪
He
answered
hym
agayne
and
sayd
/
wotest
not
thou
well
ynoughe
that
it
is
not
fully
paste
yet
.
So
it
happened
that
the
laste
day
of
the
thyrty
dayes
/
Iulyus
Cezar
was
slayne
in
the
Capytole
at
Rome
by
the
meanes
of
Brutus
and
●●ssyus
/
and
by
dyuers
other
Senatoures
that
gaue
hym
more
than
two
and
twenty
deedly
woundes
.
As
●rose
wytnesseth
in
the.
v.
booke
of
storyes
/
whiche
dethe
was
meruaylous
and
pyteous
of
so●
hyghe
and
so
noble
&
prynce
as
he
was
to
be
so
heuely
murdred
and
slayne
.
¶
Howe
it
longeth
to
a
prynce
for
to
be
wyse
and
prudente
in
eloquence
.
Capitulo
.
xxv
.
LIke
as
we
haue
sayd
that
it
is
necessary
for
a
prynce
for
to
be
a
good
Iust
yeere
/
And
that
in
lyke
wyse
also
he
sholde
drawe
vnto
hym
for
to
be
aboute
his
persone
the
wyse
Phylosophres
.
Ryght
soo
it
is
expedyent
that
he
hymselfe
be
wyse
and
somewhat
instructe
in
Scyences
/
So
that
he
haue
an
vnderstondynge
&
knowlege
in
theym
.
〈…〉
the
whiche
purpose
afore
sayd
●●lere
recyteth
and
sayth
/
that
lyke
as
the
fryence
of
Astronomye
is
ryght
profytable
for
the
comon
welthe
/
and
specyally
in
batayle
for
the
grete
study
of
Suplycyus
G●●us
and
the
grete
vnderstandynge
that
he
had
in
all
maner
of
letters
/
he
saued
his
people
from
so●ayne
fere
.
For
as
he
ledde
a
grete
hooste
ayenst
the
kynge
of
Perce
/
it
happened
vpon
a
fayre
nyght
/
the
mone
lost
her
lyght
sodaynly
/
That
is
to
wete
/
she
fell
in
a
clypse
/
by
the
whiche
syght
/
the
grete
hoost
that
he
ledde
felle
in
a
grete
fere
and
in
dyspayre
that
they
sholde
wynne
the
batayle
.
¶
But
this
Suplycyus
ryght
wysely
shewed
them
the
cause
and
mouynge
of
heuen
/
and
assured
them
sertaynly
seynge
that
it
was
nothynge
elles
but
the
naturall
course
of
kynde
.
In
lyke
wyse
it
is
wryten
in
the
story
of
Alysaundre
that
for
suche
a
case
his
hooste
was
gretely
abasshed
and
made
a
maner
of
stryuynge
with
hym
/
saynge
that
it
was
a
punysshyon
for
the
euyll
dedes
that
he
hadde
doone
▪
But
the
wyse
knyght
that
was
called
Arystanus
/
whiche
was
a
grete
Astronomy●r
satysfyed
them
by
his
wysdome
/
and
sette
theym
in
reste
.
¶
And
vnto
this
purpose
there
maye
be
wel
aledged
Charles
the
wyse
kynge
of
Fraunce
the.
v.
of
the
name
whiche
was
soueraynly
gouerned
by
cunnynge
and
loued
syngulerly
phylosophres
/
hat
occupyed
the
scyence
of
Astronomye
.
¶
And
he
hymselfe
for
the
grete
loue
that
he
hadde
vnto
that
scyence
/
he
laboured
so
moche
that
he
was
ryght
well
vnderstonden
hym selfe
therin
.
¶
And
that
it
sholde
be
couenable
to
a
prynce
that
he
ought
to
be
wyse
/
it
appereth
by
the
sentence
of
Platon
.
And
Ualere
recorded
the
same
▪
¶
For
he
sayd
that
the
worlde
was
gracyous
at
that
tyme
▪
that
the
wyse
men
beganne
for
to
reyg
ne
/
or
elles
when
kynges
begynne
to
were
wyse
.
¶
And
lyke
wyse
as
knowlege
is
one
of
the
membres
of
scyence
/
in
lyke
wyse
it
is
syttynge
to
a
prynce
that
he
be
experte
in
fayre
language
set
by
grete
wysdome
&
ordynary
reasons
●●r
it
is
noo
doubte
that
the
wyse
and
fayre
worde
dyscretely
sayd
comynge
out
of
the
mouthe
of
a
Prynce
/
is
more
praysed
and
gladlyer
herde
/
than
the
wordes
that
he
shewed
of
other
men
/
And
also
it
maye
profyte
hym
gretely
in
dyuers
causes
.
For
there
is
not
gladly
so
grete
hardnesse
of
courage
/
but
that
fayre
language
shall
make
it
softe
and
temperate
/
Lyke
as
it
is
wryten
of
Phylostratus
/
for
he
was
so
eloquent
a
man
/
that
notwithstondynge
that
the
men
of
Athenes
whiche
were
gouerned
by
wyse
phylosophres
/
and
were
customed
to
lyue
in
lyberte
/
and
without
souerayne
/
that
same
by
his
fayre
and
swe
te
language
dyde
so
mo●●●
/
notwithstondynge
that
the
wyse
man
●alon
/
helde
gretely
with
lyberte
/
and
ayenst
the
opyny
on
of
this
Phylostratus
/
●et
by
this
fayre
language
was
he
made
prynce
and
souerayne
of
Athenes
.
●o
by
dyuers
ensam
ples
to
the
purpose
/
there
maye
well
be
shewed
howe
that
often
tymes
fayre
eloquence
helpeth
gretely
/
¶
But
with
fayre
eloquence
whiche
by
theyr
ordre
is
called
rethoryke
▪
Ualere
ioyne
th
therto
the
maner
of
mouynge
of
the
body
in
vtteraunce
of
his
language
/
&
sayth
/
when
eloquence
ys
condyted
with
a
good
ordre
with
the
ordynate
mouynge
of
the
body
/
it
pleaseth
the
herers
/
by
thre
maners
▪
For
it
comforteth
the
courages
of
some
men
/
and
the
Eres
of
other
men
▪
And
also
it
tendereth
and
maketh
swete
to
the
syght
of
dyuers
people
▪
And
fyrste
he
say
th
it
pleaseth
the
courages
when
by
couenable
mocyon
of
the
body
he
that
speketh
representeth
the
thynges
/
and
bryngeth
agayne
to
mynde
the
peryllous
fortunes
/
or
the
infortunes
/
the
vertues
/
the
vyces
/
the
ensamples
of
stronge
and
myghty
men
/
or
elles
the
effecte
of
counsayles
/
by
the
whiche
thynges
/
the
courages
be
brought
in
/
by
the
consentynge
of
the
speker
/
Secondely
the
Eres
of
the
herers
ben
reioysed
for
bycause
of
the
grete
pleasure
&
dylectacyon
by
his
couenable
promocyon
goodly
modred
▪
The
thyrde
/
it
pleaseth
the
eyen
of
theym
that
ben
the
herers
in
as
moche
as
they
consydre
and
se
the
goodly
countenaunce
and
honest
be
hauynge
of
hym
that
speketh
/
soo
by
this
meanes
eloquence
is
honoured
and
worshypped
.
And
in
lyke
wyse
in
the
contrary
where
〈…〉
loquence
is
my●●e
condyted
/
it
is
of
lytell
vertue
/
and
full
vnsauoury
to
the
herers
and
for
ensample
of
suche
thynges
.
Ualere
speketh
of
one
that
was
named
Quy●tus
●rcentyus
/
whiche
sette
his
study
as
moche
in
goodly
mouynge
of
his
body
when
he
spake
as
he
dyde
in
his
fayre
vtteraunce
of
language
▪
wherfore
men
wyste
not
whether
it
was
mor●●oye
to
them
for
to
here
hym
speke
/
or
elles
to
se
his
goodly
demeanynge
in
his
countenaunce
.
Therfore
Ualere
sayth
/
the
syght
shall
be
to
the
wordes
to
the
herer
/
or
of
the
speker
.
And
the
wordes
serueth
to
the
syght
of
the
herers
.
¶
Howe
it
is
a
couenable
thynge
to
a
Prynce
to
behaue
hymselfe
goodly
.
Capitulo
.
xxvi
.
WIth
the
fayre
speche
and
honest
mouynge
of
the
body
it
accordeth
well
for
a
prynce
to
haue
a
fayre
faconde
/
worshypful
porte
/
and
goodly
countenaunce
.
And
also
there
is
a
thynge
that
pleaseth
moche
the
people
when
they
●●
a
prynce
kepe
his
estate
/
so
that
it
be
not
done
with
grete
pryde
but
in
goodly
wyse
/
for
to
maynteyne
his
estate
.
For
it
may
profyte
hym
gretely
that
can
condyte
it
naturally
.
●hat
is
to
saye
by
good
moderacyon
.
●yke
as
it
is
sayd
of
a
wyse
man
/
that
was
named
●erycles
/
whiche
I
haue
spoken
of
here
before
▪
that
he
was
of
a
noble
faconde
and
goodly
demeanynge
.
And
by
his
wyse
language
he
brought
vnto
good
rewle
the
●thenyenses
.
Notwithstodynge
they
were
ryght
troublous
&
of
full
euyll
dysposycyon
euen
after
his
owne
desyre
.
¶
And
sethen
that
it
falleth
to
the
purpose
for
to
speke
of
the
fayre
faconde
that
longeth
to
a
prynce
/
forth
with
the
fayre
porte
&
sad
countenaunce
/
and
goodly
demeanynge
of
his
persone
/
in
spekynge
of
pleasaunt
and
ordynate
language
/
Lyke
as
we
fynde
by
ensample
of
auncyent
straungers
.
Then
me
semeth
it
is
ryght
/
that
we
forgete
not
to
remembre
our
noble
prynces
of
Fraunce
/
and
namely
suche
as
we
haue
sene
/
and
seeth
dayly
with
our
eyen
/
ryght
worshypfull
and
ryght
excellent
in
the
same
maner
of
fayre
faconde
●●●●e
as
was
the
moost
yllustre
wyse
and
dyscrete
kynge
of
Fraunce
Charles
the
fyrst
of
that
name
that
hath
ben
spoken
of
heretofore
/
whiche
without
fayle
by
his
grete
vnderstondynge
it
was
a
grete
pleasaunce
to
se
howe
goodly
he
coude
maynteyne
his
estate
.
And
also
to
here
his
goodly
and
eloquence
language
/
And
whether
it
were
in
counsayle
or
in
ony
other
matter
/
he
wolde
declare
so
notably
his
reasons
that
he
wolde
lacke
no
poynte
to
sette
his
premysses
in
fayre
and
dewe
ordre
.
And
wolde
departe
his
mattere
in
dyuers
poyntes
after
as
the
case
requyred
.
And
afterwarde
conclude
to
hys
entente
ryght
nobly
/
lyke
as
he
full
honourably
declared
before
the
Emperoure
his
vncle
when
he
was
at
Parys
/
●here
he
shewed
all
alonge
before
the
counsayle
of
the
one
and
the
other
/
the
wronges
done
vnto
hym
by
the
kynge
of
Englonde
/
or
he
wolde
begynne
the
warre
/
lyke
as
I
haue
sette
all
alonge
/
in
the
booke
of
hys
actes
/
and
of
hys
good
maners
/
whiche
I
compyled
/
And
it
ys
declared
in
the
thyrde
partye
of
the
same
booke
towarde
the
latter
ende
/
¶
And
of
thys
ryght
noble
eloquence
of
language
withoute
ony
fayle
/
his
ryghte
excellente
sonne
●●wes
Duke
of
Orlyaunce
.
●yke
as
euery
man
knoweth
/
It
ys
a
meruayllous
thynge
to
here
hym
speke
in
counsayle
/
or
in
ony
other
congregacyon
too
vnderstonde
howe
he
wyll
brynge
aboute
that
he
wyll
saye
by
so
goodly
ordre
/
that
the
solempne
Clerkes
of
the
vnyuersyte
of
Parys
/
whiche
ben
grete
Rethorycyens
when
they
were
before
hym
meruaylled
gretely
therof
.
For
and
he
purposed
fyrst
ony
questyon
/
or
ony
thynge
that
he
wyll
speke
of
/
he
wyll
fayle
no
maner
poynte
of
noo
waye
that
longeth
to
his
termes
.
And
●f
he
gyue
ony
answere
to
ony
other
persone
thoughe
the
matter
were
neuer
so
straungely
purposed
before
hym
/
for
dyuers
conclusyons
/
he
wolde
not
fayle
to
drawe
vn to
his
mynde
all
the
pryncypall
poyntes
&
clauses
of
the
matter
:
And
soo
to
answere
vpon
euery
artycle
soo
properly
to
the
poynte
/
that
euery
man
that
herde
hym
wolde
blysse
hymselfe
for
the
grete
meruayle
that
they
sawe
in
his
retentyfe
wyt
and
also
of
his
fayre
rethoryke
forth
with
his
fayre
faconde
&
mouynge
of
his
persone
soo
well
accordynge
to
his
fayre
language
.
wherfore
he
myght
be
well
comprysed
to
the
olde
notable
auncyentes
before
rehersed
.
¶
Also
the
ryght
excellent
duke
of
Burgoyne
Phelyp
whiche
was
brother
to
kynge
Charles
aboue
sayd
/
and
vncle
of
the
sayd
●ewes
/
Forth
with
the
grete
wysdome
and
vnderstondynge
that
he
had
was
a
prynce
that
had
fayre
and
dyscrete
language
and
faconde
whiche
was
grete
pleasure
to
here
,
wherfore
I
conclude
after
myne
aduyse
that
suche
fayre
faconde
and
goodly
language
thoughe
so
be
that
it
fall
to
some
men
by
nature
more
than
to
other
which●
ben
wyse
men
/
yet
it
is
sygne
of
a
good
vnderstandynge
&
a
ferme
thought
.
And
a
stedfaste
courage
whiche
longeth
too
euery
grete
prynce
/
and
worshypfull
man
.
¶
Howe
euery
good
prynce
ought
to
be
dylygent
to
occupye
hymselfe
in
the
necessytees
of
his
loude
or
Royalme
.
Capitulo
.
xxvii
.
REtournynge
a
good
to
our
matter
as
touchynge
the
.iiii.
poynte
afore
rehersed
.
where
vpon
the
good
prynce
that
sholde
kepe
Iustyce
sholde
founde
hymselfe
vpon
in
pursuynge
of
the
same
/
we
must
se
what
thynges
ben
moost
propre
to
hym
for
to
styre
hym
to
good
lyuynge
seynge
all
maner
of
vertues
ben
dewe
vnto
hym
/
whiche
were
to
longe
a
rhynge
to
declare
in
euery
poynte
/
●herfore
we
wyll
speke
more
generally
in
suche
wyse
that
the
good
prynce
ought
to
be
occupyed
hourely
in
vertuous
werkes
/
Notwithstondynge
that
suche
folkes
as
haue
but
lytell
knowlege
semeth
that
a
prynce
sholde
haue
all
reste
and
no
laboure
/
but
lyue
in
case
/
in
delytes
/
&
worshyppes
/
seynge
that
he
hath
mynystres
ynowe
to
occupy
all
maner
of
offyces
▪
But
certaynly
it
is
not
so
/
For
truely
there
is
no
man
that
the
charge
lyeth
so
fore
vpon
as
it
dothe
vpon
the
prynce
.
For
where
our
lorde
hath
establysshed
hym
in
the
offyce
of
lordshyp
/
he
is
charged
in
euery
poynte
/
yf
he
be
wyse
That
is
to
saye
he
ought
to
haue
good
knowlege
of
the
gouernaunce
of
his
mynystres
▪
For
and
there
be
ony
faute
in
them
/
the
faute
shal
rebounde
to
the
prynce
and
to
his
neclygence
as
wel
to
the
soule
as
to
the
body
▪
●hen
for
as
moche
as
there
ben
many
pertyculer
thynges
in
his
londe
/
or
in
his
royaline
/
whiche
●en
out
of
noumbre
I
can
not
se
in
no
wyse
how
he
may
be
ydell
.
¶
●
howe
noble
a
thynge
is
it
in
a
prynce
for
to
be
well
occupyed
and
flee
Slewthe
▪
And
in
lyke
wyse
to
all
maner
of
people
¶
And
this
wytnesseth
the
sayenge
of
a
worshyppefull
man
of
Rome
whiche
sayd
that
the
warres
of
Rome
profyted
●nore
to
the
Cyte
than
dyde
ydelnesse
▪
For
many
worshypfull
royalmes
came
to
grete
vertue
by
good
excersyse
/
And
by
grete
rest
brought
in
ydelnesse
and
myschyete
▪
And
to
the
purpose
that
the
occupacyon
and
the
dylygence
in
warres
ben
necessary
and
profytable
for
the
gouernaunce
of
the
yonge
people
of
the
londe
▪
●alere
sayth
certaynly
sayth
he
/
to
be
in
the
laboure
of
the
warres
whiche
is
an
horryble
name
/
it
acustometh
and
susteyneth
and
kepeth
in
estate
the
walles
of
our
cyte
of
●ome
And
reste
/
whiche
is
a
swete
and
a
softe
name
hathe
fulfylled
our
Cyte
of
many
dyuers
vyces
.
¶
And
to
this
purpose
Iustyne
sayth
in
his
fyrste
booke
that
when
●yrus
the
kynge
of
●erce
had
at
the
last
conquered
them
of
the
royalme
of
●yde
.
whiche
alwayes
rebelled
agaynst
hym
/
he
consydered
that
by
no
maner
of
meanes
he
coude
not
fynde
so
good
a
meane
for
to
brynge
them
vnder
/
as
to
set
them
in
pleasure
&
delytes
.
And
by
that
meanes
he
thought
to
brynge
them
in
ydelnesse
&
ease
of
theyr
body
/
where
vpon
he
commaunded
them
that
they
sholde
vse
noone
armes
/
And
commaunded
also
that
they
sholde
vse
al
maner
of
playes
and
dysportes
/
whiche
was
couenable
to
playe
for
money
.
And
also
that
they
sholde
vse
theymselfe
to
marchaundyse
/
and
all
maner
of
suche
thynges
as
longed
not
to
the
warre
/
but
that
they
sholde
sewe
all
maner
of
eases
.
And
so
these
people
whiche
before
tyme
were
manly
and
worshypfull
marmes
wexed
softe
and
delycate
as
women
.
And
soo
by
del
ycassy
and
ydelnesse
they
were
conquered
/
where
as
before
they
coude
not
be
conquered
by
no
meanes
of
the
warre
.
¶
And
to
this
purpose
a
worshypfull
Romayne
knyght
whiche
was
named
●uyntus
●
▪
tellus
shewed
a
good
reason
/
as
Ualere
sayth
.
For
when
the
Cyte
of
Cartage
was
destroyed
by
the
Romaynes
/
whiche
cyte
and
londe
of
Auffryke
that
some
tyme
was
so
cheualrous
and
noble
had
trauaylled
and
warred
the
Romaynes
by
longe
tyme
/
this
sayd
knyght
sayd
before
the
Senatoures
that
wyst
neuer
whether
the
conquest
of
Cartage
were
more
profytable
for
the
welthe
of
Rome
/
than
and
it
had
not
ben
conquered
/
For
that
conquest
toke
awaye
Hanyball
whiche
was
a
worthy
knyght
/
by
whose
comynge
in
to
ytaly
the
Romaynes
put
them selfe
to
laboure
gretely
in
armes
/
&
to
the
excersyse
therof
whiche
before
tyme
were
ydell
and
full
of
Slouthe
/
And
nowe
it
is
to
doubte
for
as
moche
as
they
be
delyuered
of
so
egre
an
enemye
/
lest
they
wyl
lese
theyr
vertue
agayne
/
and
slepe
and
be
ydell
as
they
were
tofore
.
●●●
¶
Also
Uegece
sayth
in
the
thyrde
boke
of
the
good
duke
/
that
is
to
knowe
a
good
cheuetayne
sholde
rather
desyre
the
tyme
of
warre
/
than
the
tyme
of
peas
.
For
the
rest
causeth
the
knyghtes
&
men
of
armes
to
were
colde
in
theyr
dedes
/
and
to
be
ful
of
Slouthe
.
And
the
excercyse
and
trauayle
in
armes
maketh
them
harde
and
abyle
/
and
full
of
courage
.
¶
Howe
the
good
prynce
ought
to
loue
and
worshyp
his
knyghtes
and
his
gentylles
.
Capitulo
.
xxviii
.
FOr
bycause
that
we
maye
not
shewe
all
oure
matters
togyder
at
ones
/
we
must
delay
them
and
telle
one
after
another
/
wherfore
the
noble
knyghtes
and
gentylles
maye
greately
meruayle
that
haue
redde
this
booke
hyderto
.
—
Howe
the
good
prynce
sholde
gouerne
and
rewel
/
lyke
as
I
haue
deuyded
this
booke
in
thre
poyntes
as
is
before
rehersed
.
And
that
I
haue
not
remembred
the
estate
of
knyghthode
lyke
as
thoughe
I
sholde
do
it
for
ygnoraunce
/
or
elles
that
I
had
forgoten
the
honoure
/
the
goodnesse
/
and
the
good
loue
that
the
good
prynce
ought
syngulerly
haue
to
them
.
But
for
myne
ex
cuse
hereof
sauynge
theyr
reuerence
I
saye
certaynely
that
it
was
not
done
nother
by
ygnoraunce
/
nor
by
the
forgetynge
to
showe
the
knowlege
nor
the
dygnyte
of
theyr
reputacyon
/
but
it
was
onely
for
to
kepe
the
conuey
of
my
booke
to
that
entente
that
I
myght
speke
more
worshypfully
of
theyr
auctoryte
.
And
for
bycause
also
that
our
matter
and
our
purpose
hath
condy●●●
vs
vnto
the
feate
of
batayle
/
we
wyll
shewe
howe
the
good
prynce
yf
he
wyll
vse
ryght
and
Iustyce
/
that
is
to
knowe
▪
he
must
yelde
vnto
euery
man
after
his
power
/
that
is
dewe
vnto
theym
/
worshyppe
them
/
and
gyue
them
goodly
rewardes
.
/
●
howe
●oble
a
thynge
●howe
worshyp●ull
and
howe
profytable
it
is
in
a
royalme
Empyre
/
or
londe
/
for
to
haue
worthy
kny
ghtes
/
that
is
to
say
/
good
men
of
armes
▪
●e
not
they
the
gar
●e
of
the
prynces
of
the
londe
/
and
of
the
people
▪
●nd
also
they
be
the
champyons
that
spende
theyr
blode
/
theyr
body
and
theyr
lyfe
/
for
the
honoure
of
the
prynce
/
and
for
the
comon
welthe
.
who
maye
then
suffycyentely
rewarde
a
manly
knyght
or
a
good
man
of
armes
well
manered
&
of
good
condycyons
/
trewe
in
dede
/
and
in
courage
wyse
in
gouernynge
&
dilygent
in
pursuynge
knyghthode
▪
●las
suche
people
be
not
rewarded
in
Fraunce
after
theyr
deseruynge
/
For
and
they
were
honoured
after
theyr
dewtye●●nd
that
there
were
one
good
knyght
soo
rewarded
▪
it
sholde
cause
an
hondred
to
be
good
/
lyke
as
the
worthy
Romaynes
dyde
sometyme
/
For
without
ony
fayle
the
fay re
and
wyse
customes
that
they
of
●ome
stablysshed
in
theyr
rules
caused
them
to
be
conqueroures
thrughout
the
worlde
▪
for
it
is
no
doubte
forth
with
the
e●cersyse
of
armes
/
and
theyr
wysdome
togyder
helped
them
gretely
in
theyr
conquestes
/
&
for
this
encheson
men
maye
well
thynke
that
the
Romaynes
were
better
men
&
more
worthy
then
others
▪
And
all
was
for
none
other
cause
but
that
they
coude
knowe
the
good
and
worshypfull
men
/
and
rewarde
them
more
rychely
for
theyr
good
dedes
than
dyde
ony
other
people
▪
And
all
the
parfyte
study
that
they
had
was
for
to
fynde
the
meanes
to
cause
them
for
to
doo
well
▪
And
for
to
vnderstonde
the
meanes
howe
they
worshypped
the
noble
men
.
I
wyll
shewe
you
lyke
as
●alere
recyteth
●yrst
to
theyr
prynces
&
soueraynes
/
&
after
y●
to
other
knyghtes
&
nobles
.
¶
In
the
gloryous
tyme
of
the
●omaynes
they
vsed
a
custome
at
●ome
when
theyr
prynces
that
is
to
vnder
stonde
theyr
soueraynes
&
chyefe
condytou●es
of
theyr
grete
hoostes
had
wonne
the
vyctory
and
conquest
of
a
〈◊〉
▪
or
of
a
countre●
that
was
straunge
to
be
gotten
/
●yke
as
St●●you
Lau●ryquant
/
which
●
put
in
subiec●yon
all
Affryke
and
the
royall
cyte
of
Cartage
/
whiche
was
noble
&
worshypfull
.
And
also
the
grete
Pompye
/
whiche
conquered
many
dyuers
royalmes
/
Iulyus
Cezar
also
/
and
many
other
that
were
notable
conquerours
/
what
tyme
that
they
retourned
agayne
to
Rome
after
theyr
grete
vyctoryes
▪
The
Romaynes
had
stablysshed
a
certayne
honoure
whiche
was
called
Tryhomph●
▪
for
the
worshyp
of
theym
that
were
prynces
/
and
vnder
that
fourme
they
entred
in
to
the
cyte
after
theyr
grete
vyctoryes
/
And
I
so
dore
sayth
/
that
it
was
a
very
dewtye
for
suche
prynces
▪
Then
it
is
asked
a
questyon
what
maner
a
thynge
is
a
Tryumphe
And
Ualere
saythe
that
it
was
called
a
Tryumphe
of
.
Try.
whiche
is
to
say
thre
▪
And
of
Ruphon
.
that
is
to
say
his
power
/
For
who
that
sholde
haue
the
name
of
Tryumphe
▪
he
must
haue
it
by
meane
of
t●●e
Iugementes
/
And
the
fyrst
that
sholde
be
Iuges
in
the
same
/
sholde
be
the
noble
men
of
armes
/
whiche
were
presente
at
the
same
vyctory
.
For
they
vnderstode
the
dedes
/
wherfore
they
myght
best
Iuge
in
that
matter●
The
seconde
was
/
there
was
brought
in
by
wrytynge
to
the
Se●●●
toures
/
that
is
to
knowe
to
the
prynces
of
Rome
/
whiche
were
of
the
grete
counsayle
that
gaue
the
Iugemente
wheder
they
had
deserned
the
Tryumphe
or
nay
▪
The
thyrde
was
the
consentynge
of
the
comon
people
▪
And
when
all
these
Iugementes
were
gyuen
/
then
there
was
ordeyned
a
passynge
ryche
chayre
of
golde
nobly
arayed
▪
And
then
all
the
people
of
the
Cyte
sholde
go
out
ayenst
hym
/
that
sholde
haue
the
tryumphe
euery
man
rychely
arayed
after
his
faculte
▪
The
chayre
●●tokeneth
worshyp
and
glory
.
And
whan
they
mette
with
hym
/
the
prynces
salued
hym
with
grete
reuerence
/
and
all
other
people
general
ly
dyde
the
same
▪
And
it
had
ben
so
that
he
had
foughten
hymselfe
/
they
crowned
hym
then
with
a
crowne
of
Palme
/
yf
so
were
that
he
had
wo●●e
the
felde
/
for
the
palme
hathe
pryckes
in
hymselfe
.
And
he
that
had
wo●ne
the
felde
with
wysdome
and
strength
also
without
gretelosynge
of
his
people
▪
he
sholde
be
crowned
with
a
crowne
of
●awryer
/
whiche
smelleth
swetely
&
is
euer
in
vertue
/
and
this
was
the
moost
propre
●●yumphe
and
the
moost
Ioyfull
vyctory
/
For
after
the
opynyon
of
●●odore
.
that
vyctory
is
not
●oyfull
where
the
prynce
lo●eth
moch●
of
his
peo
ple.
And
therfore
Salust
sayth
/
and
commendeth
moche
these
prynces
that
wynneth
the
vyctoryes
without
shedynge
moche
bloode
of
theyr
people
/
so
to
our
purpose
before
the
chayre
of
hym
that
shall
haue
the
tryumphe
all
the
prysoneres
that
they
had
taken
sholde
goo
before
it
.
Amonge
whiche
often
tymes
were
greate
kynges
/
and
myghty
prynces
/
And
also
the
greate
somers
charged
with
golde
and
rychesse
/
whiche
they
broughte
to
be
sayd
▪
in
the
treasoury
at
●ome
.
And
nexte
vnto
the
chayre
wente
these
men
that
hadde
borne
theym
moost
worthely
in
the
batayle
/
and
hadde
moost
tokens
of
vyctorye
.
The
tokens
o●
vyctory
were
propre
Iewelles
of
dyuers
guyses
/
whiche
were
gyuen
to
them
after
the
dedes
that
they
hadde
doone
▪
For
he
that
hadde
foughten
in
batayle
and
ouercomen
his
enemye
.
there
was
gyuen
hym
a
propre
Iewell
/
whiche
was
ordeyned
for
the
noones
.
Also
yf
ony
man
by
his
manhode
entred
fyrste
in
to
a
castell
by
the
meanes
of
a●●awte/●y
whiche
the
place
was
wonne
/
●e
sholde
haue
another
maner
of
Iewell
.
¶
Also
yf
a
man
hadde
foughten
in
a
myne
honde
for
honde
/
or
doone
●ny
other
good
feate
of
armes
/
there
were
Iewelles
or
deyned
for
theym
.
And
soo
forthe
for
all
other
dedes
of
armes
.
¶
And
yf
soo
were
that
one
hadde
wonne
a
●yte
/
there
sholde
be
gyuen
vnto
●ym
a
crowne
of
golde
.
And
for
other
dedes
of
armes
Som●
sholde
haue
●ollers
/
Some
●appes
/
Some
●yrdell●●
Some
●arters/●ome
●●a●●lettes
of
golde
.
And
soo
for
euery
feate
of
armes
were
pr●pre
Iewelles
ordeyned
for
the
no
●●s
.
And
yf
they
ware
theym
not
vpon
theym
/
they
sholde
be
gretely
chalenged
therfore
.
¶
And
thus
the
Romaynes
dyde
for
bycause
that
other
sholde
take
ensample
.
And
also
that
men
sholde
knowe
that
they
that
ware
theym
dyde
it
not
for
noone
auaunte
ne
for
no
pryde
in
as
moche
as
they
ware
them
by
commaundement
of
the
soueraynes
.
And
also
the
berynge
of
them
was
a
greate
worshyp
/
for
euery
persone
by
that
myght
se
the
worshyp
and
the
manhode
of
euery
man
.
And
he
that
dyde
best
was
moost
worshypped
ouer
all
where
so
euer
he
wente
.
But
there
durste
no
maner
of
man
were
no
suche
Ie
well
/
nor
no
deuyselyke
vnto
the
same
/
●ut
onely
they
that
had
wonne
theym
by
theyr
manhode
.
wherfore
&
it
were
plesynge
to
our
blessyd
lorde
Ihesu
I
wolde
that
●nglonde
whiche
is
one
of
the
noblest
royalmes
of
the
worlde
wolde
vse
this
custome
.
And
the
I
wolde
thynke
that
there
wolde
be
many
moo
worshypfull
men
than
there
be
▪
¶
And
soo
those
men
that
were
moost
worthy
in
armes
wente
nexte
the
●hayre
.
And
the
prynces
of
Ro
me
wente
●●en
syde
by
theym
.
And
the
people
of
Rome
wente
all
before
.
And
the
offycers
nexte
them
after
theyr
estate
.
And
after
the
●hayre
wente
all
the
men
of
armes
whiche
had
ben
at
the
vyctorye
.
And
these
men
were
gretely
worshypped
and
feested
with
the
●ytezynes
of
Rome
.
And
vnder
this
fourm●
they
wente
all
in
to
the
●yte
.
¶
Howe
the
good
prynce
ought
to
flee
Lechery
.
Ca.
xxix
.
THan
lyke
as
it
is
sayd
the
good
prynce
and
the
very
Iustycere
sholde
not
be
yd●ll
nor
ouer
moche
in
delytes
.
And
in
lyke
wyse
he
sholde
●le
●echery
.
For
the
auctoures
sayth
.
Idelnesse
is
the
nourysshe
of
flessh
ly
lustes
.
whiche
is
gretely
to
be
reproued
/
and
specyally
in
prynces
.
●nd
it
maye
be
cause
of
theyr
puttynge
downe
frome
theyr
prospery
.
●
.
¶
And
also
yt
shall
sounde
to
theyr
grete
dy●●ame
/
and
too
many
other
inconuenyentes
/
whereof
we
haue
ensample
of
Sardanapallus
whiche
was
kynge
of
Assyrye
and
lost
his
royalme
shamfully
/
for
suche
causes
▪
Also
a
kynge
of
Fraunce
was
dryuen
out
of
his
royalme
for
the
same
.
And
thus
men
may
tell
of
many
other
:
¶
Also
Ualere
sayth
to
the
same
purpose
/
that
there
was
a
cyte
in
Campaygne
that
was
named
Capne
▪
whiche
habounded
gretely
in
delytes
and
specyally
in
lustes
of
the
flesshe
/
by
the
whiche
Hanyball
&
all
his
hoost
were
corrupte
and
●nuenymed
▪
For
Tytus
Lyuyus
recyteth
in
the
thyrde
booke
of
the
thyrde
decade
/
after
the
tyme
that
Hanyball
had
●●heued
dyuers
and
many
grete
ba
tayles
in
Italy
/
he
wente
to
kepe
his
wynter
at
Capne
▪
And
in
suche
wyse
there
he
was
wrapped
in
delytes
and
aquayntaunce
with
women
and
cases
of
his
body
.
what
with
wynes
and
meates
/
and
solaces
/
whiche
was
not
so
accustomed
before
tyme
/
nor
his
hooste
nother
/
wherfore
after
that
tyme
they
were
neuer
so
egre
for
to
suffre
the
grete
trauayles
/
nor
hardnesse
as
they
dyde
before
tyme
/
wherfore
Ualere
sayth
/
that
this
arroure
that
he
dyde
t●ke
awaye
clerely
the
strength
and
the
courage
of
his
knyghtes
whiche
was
wonte
to
conquere
and
ouercome
his
●●em
yes
/
to
his
grete
laude
and
worshyp
▪
For
after
the
tyme
that
he
kepte
not
the
olde
dyscyplyne
of
armes
whiche
he
was
accustomed
to
kepe
before
tyme
▪
he
wente
all
backe
warde
▪
So
Ualere
sayth
that
he
yssued
out
of
that
Cyte
/
another
maner
man
than
he
was
at
the
entrynge
of
the
Cyte
/
yet
Ualere
sayd
more
that
the
gre●●
yersnesse
and
cruelte
of
Affryke
and
Cartage
whiche
myght
not
be
ouercome
ne
conquered
by
armes
/
was
dresed
and
put
downe
by
the
meanes
of
delytes
/
by
the
whiche
Hanyball
and
his
hoost
were
put
vnder
/
For
whiche
Ualere
sayth
▪
O
what
thynge
may
do
more
harme
saythe
he
than
the
wyll
&
the
delytes
of
the
flessh
〈…〉
y
the
whiche
vertue
is
put
out
/
&
vyctoryes
brought
to
nought
/
&
as
touchynge
the
vycroryes
of
Hanyball
▪
〈…〉
ec
thaketh
mencyon
in
a
pystle
that
he
sente
to
his
frende
that
was
called
Lucyll
/
sayenge
in
this
wyse
▪
The
nourysshynge
of
champaygne
hath
made
softe
the
dedes
of
Hanyball
.
For
he
conquered
by
armes
/
But
he
was
ouercome
by
●echery
●nd
to
this
purpose
the
wordes
that
Ualere
sayth
of
the
worthy
prynce
●ppamynydes
may
be
wel
vnderstonde
to
the
same
entente●●●r
after
the
dethe
of
the
sayd
pryn
▪
ce
the
Athenyences
began
to
fayle
of
theyr
vertue
and
of
theyr
strengthe
/
For
Wh
〈…〉
they
had
lost
hym
that
of
ten
tymes
brought
them
for
the
to
the
warres
/
and
to
many
grete
batayles
▪
A
none
after
they
became
ydell
and
slouthful
/
and
spended
not
theyr
good
vpon
men
of
warre
nother
by
see
nor
by
sonde
/
as
they
were
wonte
to
do
▪
But
they
bestowed
theyr
goodes
vpon
feestes
and
playes
/
and
tourned
the
worthy
deedes
of
theyr
auncytres
vnto
songes
/
and
that
suffysed
them
ynoughe
to
recorde
&
talke
of
the
warres
/
but
they
wolde
not
occupye
them
themselfe
/
●or
whiche
cause
the
grete
renowne
of
●rece
fayled
and
was
extyncte
vnto
the
tyme
of
●helyp
fader
to
Alyxsaundre
whithe
brought
them
vp
agayne
.
¶
Howe
the
good
prynce
sholde
kepe
hymselfe
fro
angre
.
Capitulo
.
xxx
.
FOr
bycause
Ire
is
a
naturall
thynge
/
&
draweth
hate
amonge
grete
&
puyssaunt
men
▪
●nd
at
some
tyme
causeth
grete
cruelte
/
it
lyketh
me
to
showe
some
good
ensample
that
the
good
prynce
sholde
eschewe
the
same
vyce
as
a
thynge
that
sytteth
hym
full
nyghe
/
and
not
accordynge
to
his
estate
▪
As
Ua
lere
saythe
of
the
same
vyce
/
lyke
as
thoughe
he
spake
to
prynces
in
this
wyse
/
often
tymes
the
men
/
&
specyally
those
that
ben
grete
and
myghty
doth
grete
cruelte
in
theyr
feruent
angre
▪
And
for
to
gyue
you
a
clere
vnderstondynge
of
the
qualytes
of
these
two
passyons
/
he
putteth
a
dyfference
bytwene
them
and
sayth
/
y●●●e
&
hate
resemble
in
as
moche
as
they
be
bothe
vyo
lent
&
full
of
trouble
in
courage
of
hym
that
is
angry
&
hatefull
/
and
causeth
hym
to
desyre
vengeaunce
/
yet
he
sayth
there
ben
many
dyfferences
bytwene
theym
●nd
so
saythe
●rystocle
in
his
seconde
boke
of
rethoryke
.
But
it
suffyseth
at
this
tyme
for
to
speke
of
.
ii
.
of
them
.
●he
fyrst
is
after
the
tyme
y●
the
angry
man
is
auenged
vpon
his
angre
/
he
is
satysfyed
/
and
wel
appeased
&
wyll
purchase
no
more
euyll
ayenst
hym
that
he
is
venged
on
.
But
the
●nuyous
man
wyll
the
vttermoost
dystruccyon
ayenst
hym
that
he
hateth
/
for
he
can
neuer
be
satysfyed
/
but
euer
encreaseth
more
&
more
in
his
hate
.
The
seconde
is
the
angry
man
wyll
shewe
hymselfe
wrothe
to
hym
that
he
is
at
debate
with
as
who
sayth
I
wyll
be
auenged
/
nor
he
wolde
not
that
the
other
man
had
no●
harme
because
that
he
myght
doo
it
hymselfe
.
Therfore
the
angry
man
sheweth
his
angre
openly
&
not
pry
u●ly
.
But
the
hatefull
man
loueth
better
for
to
noye
another
se
cretely
than
openly
/
wherfore
hate
is
wors
than
Ire
onely
.
And
me
thynketh
also
that
Ire
may
be
without
hate
/
but
hate
may
not
be
without
Ire
.
And
for
bycause
that
suche
inconuenyentes
styreth
a
man
to
cruelte
/
there
is
nothynge
more
to
be
reproued
in
a
prynce
than
●●e
&
hate
/
yet
more
for
to
withdrawe
this
vyce
from
the
good
prynce
/
it
pleaseth
me
for
the
same
purpose
▪
to
recyte
after
Ualere
the
daungers
&
myscheues
of
the
same
.
¶
Thoughe
soo
be
that
suche
thynges
haue
ben
accustomed
/
&
yet
is
in
dyuers
royalmes
/
thanked
be
our
lorde
and
the
laude
and
glorye
be
gyuen
to
hym
/
our
prynces
of
Fraunce
that
ben
of
the
royall
bloode
ben
ryght
clene
in
suche
matters
.
And
as
me
semeth
more
clene
than
other
that
ben
of
lower
estate
of
the
same
royalme
/
or
of
ony
other
nacyons
/
whiche
is
gretely
to
be
commended
in
that
noble
bloode
.
¶
For
Ualere
sayth
certayn
ly
that
the
habyte
of
cruelte
is
horryble
/
all
thynges
that
longeth
therto
ben
full
of
manaces
/
and
cruell
commaundementes
.
And
yf
a
man
wolde
styre
hym
to
sease
of
his
cruelte
/
or
to
holde
his
peas
/
then
shall
he
be
the
more
chaffed
/
for
cruelte
dredeth
no
payne
/
nor
he
wyll
not
be
refrayned
.
Also
the
cruell
man
wyll
be
doubted
&
dradde
/
&
other
men
hateth
hym
naturally
For
he
sayth
that
cruelte
is
a
dysposycyon
that
is
lykened
too
the
conuersacyon
of
hatrede
/
vnto
the
whiche
vyce
euery
man
is
enclyned
naturally
.
●s
Arystotle
sayth
in
the
fyrst
kooke
of
Politykes
/
that
al
thynge
that
is
ayenst
natural
inclynacyon
is
by
nature
hatefull
.
Then
I
wolde
that
all
these
thynges
sholde
be
myrroures
to
a
prynce
that
he
sholde
eschewe
the
daungeres
of
theym
.
And
semblably
to
all
other
persones
.
For
lette
vs
suppose
that
a
man
be
naturally
enclyned
to
these
vyces
/
yet
and
he
can
not
be
lorde
and
mayster
ouer
his
courage
and
ouercome
it
/
it
is
a
sygne
that
he
is
not
vertuous
.
And
a
man
without
vertue
is
not
worthy
for
to
haue
worshyp
.
¶
Howe
it
is
lefull
that
the
good
prynce
after
his
grete
laboure
for
to
take
recreacyon
of
some
dysporte
.
Capitulo
.
xxxi
TO
that
entente
that
the
effecte
of
myne
entencyon
/
maye
be
more
clerely
vnderstonde
and
that
I
sholde
not
be
founde
with
none
erroure
in
my
present
wry
tynge
/
in
that
is
wryten
here
before
/
that
at
all
tymes
the
good
prynce
sholde
be
occupyed
/
semynge
that
by
my
wrytynge
the
prynce
sholde
be
put
in
to
an
extreme
charge
of
occupacyon
/
whiche
is
not
myne
entente
/
I
saye
that
the
prynce
and
semblably
all
other
that
be
charged
with
grete
and
no
table
occupacyons
/
ought
at
some
tyme
sease
of
theyr
laboure
and
reste
in
ydelnesse
.
¶
And
for
because
that
Ualere
speketh
notably
vppon
thys
purpose
/
whose
wordes
bene
moore
of
auctoryte
and
more
worthy
then
myne
.
I
wyll
shewe
you
his
sayenges
whiche
foloweth
after
.
¶
He
sayth
there
be
two
maner
of
ydelnesses
/
of
the
whiche
the
one
of
theym
ought
to
be
eschewed
at
all
tymes
●
That
is
it
by
the
whiche
all
vertue
vanyssheth
/
and
maketh
foly
lyfe
&
impotent
from
all
good
werkes
/
and
maketh
a
man
enclyne
to
the
lustes
of
the
flesshe
and
sensualyte
.
And
of
this
ydelnes
●uyde
speketh
in
his
booke
the
whiche
is
called
the
remedy
of
loue
/
sayenge
in
this
wyse
/
yf
y●
put
awaye
ydelnes
frome
the
/
the
artes
of
the
god
of
loue
ben
perysshed
.
The
other
ydelnesse
as
I
vnderstonde
/
it
is
without
vyce
.
And
it
is
a
vertue
in
itselfe
at
some
tyme
/
and
it
is
at
some
tyme
necessary
for
the
recreacyon
of
noble
and
excellent
persones
/
for
attemperaunce
and
ease
of
theyr
body
/
to
the
encen●e
that
they
sholde
be
the
more
quycke
and
more
stronge
in
theyr
labours
afterwarde
▪
For
by
moderate
ydelnesse
the
naturall
vertues
ben
refresshed
and
made
the
more
stronge
in
theyr
werkes
▪
Wherfore
Ualere
sayth
▪
who
that
hath
no
reste
at
●o
tyme
maye
not
longe
endure
▪
¶
Where
vpon
Ualere
she
wesh
an
ensample
of
Stypyon
/
and
of
one
Lelyus
whiche
were
worthy
knyghtes
in
theyr
traueyle
▪
And
they
were
soo
famylyer
togyder
/
and
so
grete
loue
bytwene
them
/
that
lyke
as
they
felawshypped
togyder
in
the
warres
and
in
grete
trauayles
▪
in
lyke
wyse
they
wolde
alway
b●togyder
in
theyr
reste
/
&
ydelnesse
/
and
in
theyr
recreacyon
▪
For
in
certayne
tymes
they
wolde
playe
togyder
in
honest
and
goodly
playes
/
whiche
was
to
them
grete
comforte
after
theyr
laboure
.
¶
Howe
the
good
prynce
whiche
vnderstondeth
hymselfe
that
he
dothe
his
deuoyre
in
all
vertues
ought
reasonably
to
desyre
laude
and
glorye
.
Capitulo
.
xxxii
.
●Owe
it
is
tyme
that
I
make
an
ende
of
the
fyrst
parte
of
my
boke
whiche
speketh
of
introduccyon
of
prynces
in
vertuous
lyuynge
.
For
I
myght
soner
stoppe
a
grete
pytte
full
of
derkenesse
then
to
reherce
all
the
good
vertues
that
longeth
to
a
prynce
.
But
to
speke
generally
of
all
vertues
/
these
that
I
Haue
shewed
here
tofore
ben
suffyeyent
ynoughe
for
to
eschewe
prolyryte
/
as
me
semeth
.
For
what
prynce
that
foloweth
the
vertues
before
reherced
with
al
●perteyneth
to
them
/
there
myght
be
songe
suche
a
songe
by
hy
of
laude
&
glory
/
lyke
as
was
ones
of
the
noble
&
worthy
prynce
Them
●stocles
/
for
as
it
happened
on
a
tyme
there
were
brought
before
by
syngers
&
sayers
of
auncyent
geestes
.
So
one
of
his
knyghtes
asked
hym
in
dy●
porte
/
what
myght
he
be
that
coude
synge
a
songe
that
myght
be
agreable
to
hym
.
He
answered
and
sayd
/
that
man
that
coulde
synge
truely
that
I
were
vertuous
&
that
I
had
done
at
ony
tyme
noble
&
good
dedes
.
¶
So
a
prynce
that
is
wel
condycyoned
/
is
worthy
of
laude
and
glory
/
but
not
he
that
is
of
euyll
condycyons
&
setteth
not
by
vertue
.
Neuertheles
he
that
feleth
hym selfe
worthy
in
vertuous
&
good
condycyons
it
is
no
meruayle
thoughe
he
wolde
be
somwhat
worshypped
therfore
/
For
it
is
well
knowen
lyke
as
auctours
recyteth
/
and
a
man
may
well
knowe
by
theyr
worthy
dedes
that
the
ryght
excellent
prynces
and
worthy
men
in
tyme
past
were
ryght
couetous
for
to
haue
worshyp
.
And
for
to
gete
worshyp
by
vertue
it
is
l●full
.
For
it
appereth
naturally
that
euery
thynge
desyreth
his
perfeccyon
.
And
as
the
phylosophre
sayth
/
glory
and
honoure
engendreth
reuerence
/
whiche
is
a
shewynge
that
man
is
made
for
to
haue
dygnyte
.
And
this
desyre
is
so
rooted
and
Ioyned
with
nature
of
man
/
that
euery
man
is
desyrous
to
haue
it
▪
But
euery
man
wyll
not
do
the
payne
for
to
gete
it
▪
And
by
what
meanes
a
man
ought
to
laboure
for
to
gete
lowes
and
pryse
▪
The
phylo
sophre
sayth
it
must
be
goten
by
vertuous
operacyon
/
For
by
none
other
waye
there
maye
be
no
ryght
glory
.
And
thus
wy●
nesseth
Tullyus
in
the
fyrst
boke
of
offyces
/
for
what
that
euer
ony
man
saye
/
euery
man
ought
to
be
worshypped
for
the
cause
of
vertue
and
good
lyuynge
/
for
honoure
/
laude
/
and
glorye
.
of
this
worlde
is
not
a
suffycyent
rewarde
for
vertuous
lyuynge
and
vertuous
dedes
.
For
Arystotle
sayth
/
the
vertuous
man
may
lefully
delyre
a
rewarde
for
his
good
dedes
.
For
bycause
that
by
the
meane
of
his
vertues
/
other
men
maye
be
called
to
semblable
goodnesses
.
And
it
is
good
ryght
Tullyus
saythe
.
For
vnnethes
there
is
ony
man
but
after
his
grete
laboures
/
and
paynes
that
he
hath
suffred
/
but
he
wolde
desyre
glorye
&
worshyp
/
for
a
parte
of
his
rewarde
.
And
for
bycause
of
the
honoure
and
glory
/
Arystotle
sayth
in
the
thyrde
booke
of
●thykes
where
is
founde
and
proued
that
the
strengthes
/
and
the
grete
courages
of
the
vertuous
men
for
theyr
worshypfull
dedes
were
gretely
worshypped
/
and
the
vycyoulnesse
of
the
vnworthy
men
haue
ben
dyspraysed
and
blamed
.
¶
But
Socrates
sayd
that
they
had
chosen
the
waye
to
come
to
worshyp
/
whiche
w●re
suche
in
theyr
dedes
as
euery
man
wolde
beholde
hym selfe
.
That
is
to
knowe
for
to
be
good
/
wherfore
the
same
Socrates
amonyssheth
playnely
by
this
predycacyon
that
men
sholde
kepe
ryght
and
vertue
within
them
/
then
the
semblaunce
or
the
aparence
without
good
dedes
/
ben
lyke
as
ypocrytes
do
.
Soo
the
good
prynce
that
wyll
gete
paradyse
and
glory
/
&
lowes
of
this
worlde
/
must
loue
and
drede
god
aboue
all
thynges
.
Also
he
must
loue
the
comon
welthe
of
his
londe
more
than
his
owne
propre
.
Also
he
must
kepe
Iustyce
without
brekynge
the
same
▪
and
to
yelde
to
euery
man
his
after
his
power
/
lyke
as
Iustyce
requyreth
.
And
than
he
dothe
lyke
a
lyberal
and
a
meke
prynce
/
as
it
is
rehersed
here
tofore
.
And
in
doynge
this
wyse
/
he
shall
not
gete
onely
the
glory
of
this
worlde
and
the
lyfe
here
/
but
he
shall
get●
it
perpetually
/
for
his
good
desertes
/
●yke
as
Ualere
sayth
of
the
ryght
excellent
prynce
Iulyus
Cezar
/
that
for
the
merytes
of
his
good
dedes
/
was
reputed
after
his
dethe
as
a
god
/
for
the
men
of
olde
tyme
whiche
had
not
the
ryght
faythe
as
we
haue
nowe
/
when
they
sawe
a
persone
were
●t
man
or
woman
that
passed
another
in
ony
soueraynte
of
grace
/
they
had
opynyon
that
suche
excellence
myght
not
be
had
/
without
vertue
dyuyne
.
●nd
for
bycause
that
the
sayd
Iulyus
Cezar
had
with
hym
many
excellent
vertues
/
and
amonge
all
/
he
had
with
hym
soueraynely
Iustyce
/
and
mekenesse
.
They
sayd
that
suche
vertues
myght
not
be
perysshed
/
by
the
passynge
away
of
mannes
lyfe
/
but
that
he
was
deyfyed
in
heuen
for
the
same
.
¶
Here
endeth
the
fyrste
parte
of
this
booke
.
¶
●ere
begynneth
the
seconde
parte
of
this
booke
whiche
is
adressed
to
the
nobles
and
worthy
men●
And
the
fyrst
chapytre
speketh
howe
the
nobles
occupye
the
place
of
the
armes
and
the
hondes
of
the
body
of
Polycye
.
Capitulo
.
xxxiii
.
SEynge
the
matter
after
the
conclusyon
of
our
premysses
/
whiche
speketh
to
prynces
for
the
exortacyon
too
morall
lyuynge
/
whiche
we
take
for
the
heede
of
the
ymage
of
the
body
of
Polyce
/
lyke
as
Pulcarque
wryteth
heretofore
/
it
behoueth
vs
in
seconde
party
of
this
present
boke
to
speke
of
the
armes
and
the
hondes
of
the
sayd
ymage
/
by
the
whiche
after
the
sentence
of
Pulcarque
be
ordeyned
the
nobles
and
knyghtes
and
theyr
estate
/
whiche
we
muste
nowe
folowynge
oure
style
treate
of
theyr
introduccyon
in
vertue
and
good
maners
/
specyally
in
the
feate
of
knyghthode
/
whiche
is
taken
&
deputed
for
the
saufegarde
of
the
comon
welthe
as
auctoures
sayth
.
And
thoughe
so
be
that
one
maner
of
vertue
be
propre
and
necessary
as
wel
as
to
nobles
/
knyghtes
/
and
to
other
people
/
as
well
as
to
prynces
/
yet
for
as
moche
as
there
is
dyfference
and
maner
of
lyuynge
and
conuersacyon
in
dyuers
werkes
/
we
must
som
what
put
a
dyfference
in
the
matter
/
for
dyuers
thynges
longeth
to
a
prynce
for
to
do
/
whiche
longeth
not
to
knyghtes
/
nor
to
other
noble
men
.
And
there
be
some
thynges
that
knyghtes
and
no
bles
may
do
/
that
the
prynce
maye
not
do
!
But
it
is
no
doubte
as
touchynge
all
maner
of
vertues
they
longe
as
well
to
knyghtes
and
nobles
as
they
do
to
prynces
.
For
it
is
to
know
that
it
longeth
to
the
knyghtes
&
nobles
as
well
to
loue
god
&
drede
hym
aboue
all
thynges
/
and
also
to
take
hede
of
the
comon
welthe
/
for
the
whiche
they
be
ordeyned
and
establysshed
and
to
kepe
and
mayntayne
Iustyce
after
theyr
degre
as
well
as
the
prynce
.
And
to
be
lyberall
and
pyteous
/
and
to
loue
the
wyse
and
good
men
/
and
gouerne
them
by
good
and
sad
counsayle
/
and
lyke
wyse
all
other
vertues
/
whiche
for
theyr
persones
I
thynke
not
to
reduce
them
here
agaynst
/
for
it
suffyseth
ynoughe
the
reherce
of
vertues
whiche
I
haue
shewed
here
tofore
.
¶
For
this
that
is
sayd
before
may
serue
to
the
purpose
of
euery
estate
and
of
euery
synguler
persone
touchynge
the
soule
/
and
the
vertues
▪
wherfore
I
wyll
not
procede
moche
more
vnder
this
fourme
.
For
it
suffyseth
me
without
ony
more
to
shewe
the
maner
and
the
fourme
that
longeth
to
euery
man
〈…〉
●he
orde
as
god
hathe
called
hym
to
/
that
is
to
were
/
the
noble
men
doo
as
noble
men
sholde
doo
/
the
comon
people
also
suche
thynges
as
longeth
to
them
in
suche
wyse
as
maye
be
refe●red
in
one
body
of
Polycye
/
to
lyue
I
vnderstonde
whyle
good
ver
tues
foloweth
this
body
/
it
may
neuer
fayle
.
Nowe
wyll
I
fro
hens
forwarde
begynne
my
matter
.
And
lyke
as
at
the
begyn
nynge
of
the
fyrst
parte
of
my
booke
.
I
spake
of
the
mance
of
introduccyon
of
prynces
chyldren
.
I
wyll
shewe
nowe
howe
the
noble
auncyent
men
enduced
theyr
chyldren
/
lyke
as
it
is
wryten
of
theyr
dedes
.
¶
Howe
the
noble
auncyentes
enduced
theyr
chyldren
.
Capitulo
.
xxxiiii
.
UA
lere
telleth
in
the
chapytres
that
speketh
of
customes
howe
the
noble
auncyentes
enduced
theyr
chyldren
sayenge
in
this
wyse
/
y●
as
sone
as
they
were
ony
thynge
growen
that
they
myght
suffre
ony
payne
/
they
toke
them
awaye
anone
from
theyr
moders
&
made
put
them
in
excercyse
to
suffre
payne
and
trauayle
accordynge
to
theyr
ages
and
strengthe
.
And
in
the
same
age
acustomed
them
to
bere
hatnes
of
warre
after
theyr
strengthe
/
and
to
put
theym
in
excercyse
of
laboure
both
theyr
armes
&
hondes
that
was
not
to
greuous
for
them
¶
Also
they
were
not
nourysshed
with
noo
tryaunte
meetes
▪
nor
they
were
not
nysely
arayed
as
some
be
nowe
a
dayes
/
but
they
were
fedde
with
groce
meetes
.
And
as
for
theyr
gownes
they
vsed
a
propre
facyon
of
an
habyte
that
the
nobles
myght
were
/
and
none
other
men
.
But
trust
certaynly
that
they
were
not
furred
with
martres
nor
embrowdred
nother
.
Also
they
acustomed
them
for
to
lye
harde
/
&
to
goo
late
to
bedde
/
&
aryse
erely
.
And
made
them
to
suffre
al
maner
of
other
portable
paynes
that
belonged
to
the
feate
of
armes
.
And
by
suche
meanes
the
noble
auncyentes
nourysshed
theyr
chyldren
/
whiche
caused
theym
afterwarde
come
to
grete
worshyp
.
Lyke
as
it
appereth
by
theyr
olde
dedes
.
Also
the
maner
and
the
guyse
of
the
gentylles
of
Almayne
/
&
of
other
places
also
ought
wel
to
be
alowed
for
bycause
that
they
put
theyr
chyldren
for
to
serue
gentyl
men
worse
then
themselfe
/
and
make
theym
theyr
pages
for
to
folowe
theym
for
because
they
sholde
suffre
dyuers
paynes
&
trauayles
/
yet
I
byleue
when
they
come
to
theyr
age
▪
they
were
neuer
the
lesse
wrothe
.
For
gentylmen
that
ben
so
nourysshed
be
more
enterprenaunt
in
the
feates
of
the
warre
then
they
that
ben
made
mynyouns
and
fedde
vp
dylycately
.
For
as
Ue gece
sayth
of
knyghthode
they
be
appropred
to
armes
that
ben
acustomed
to
laboure
.
And
ayenste
the
opynyon
of
them
whiche
holdeth
that
delycate
and
pleasaunt
meetes
maketh
more
stronge
the
body
/
than
the
grete
meetes
/
that
is
to
say
/
who
that
eteth
lykerous
meetes
and
drynke
myghty
wynes
sholde
haue
better
blode
/
whiche
sholde
cause
a
man
to
be
the
more
stronge
.
I
saye
it
is
false
.
For
the
delycate
meetes
corrupte
more
the
body
then
the
groce
meetes
/
For
Arystotle
sayth
▪
the
delycatyues
nouryssheth
not
the
membres
of
man
/
soo
moche
as
dothe
the
grete
meetes
And
we
fynde
it
also
by
experyence
.
For
the
Brytouns
and
the
●ormaunes
/
whiche
ben
nourysshed
com
monly
with
grete
meetes
/
and
be
not
delycate
in
theyr
meetes
and
drynkes
ben
more
harde
&
stronge
then
other
men
.
wher
fore
they
be
more
desyred
in
warre
then
other
men
▪
and
semblably
the
bourgonyouns
and
other
nacyons
whiche
acustomed
not
to
lyue
in
dylycacy
.
And
also
the
Romayns
/
as
Ualere
say
th
enduced
theyr
chyldren
in
all
good
maners
/
and
kepte
them
in
fere
and
drede
/
and
vnder
obeysaunce
/
whiche
gouernaunce
was
ordeyned
by
grete
wysdome
and
reason
.
For
lyke
as
it
is
wryten
in
the
booke
of
twelue
abusyons
/
the
thyrde
degree
of
abusyon
is
the
yonge
man
that
is
without
obeysaunce
;
in
whome
ought
to
be
/
Seruyce
/
Subieccyon
/
and
humylyte
.
/
For
lyke
as
a
man
can
fynde
no
fruyte
in
trees
that
be
not
flo
rysshed
in
lyke
wyse
maye
no
man
attayne
to
honoure
that
ha
th
no
laboure
in
his
youthe
/
in
some
maner
of
obeysaunce
and
dyscyplyne
/
And
of
this
humylyte
that
the
chyldren
of
the
nobles
were
sometyme
acustomed
in
.
Ualere
sayth
/
that
the
yonge
men
dyde
as
moche
worshyp
to
the
olde
auncyent
men
/
as
they
had
ben
theyr
owne
faders
▪
And
when
the
noble
auncy
〈…〉tes
wente
to
the
counsayle
/
or
to
the
prynces
courte
/
the
yong●
men
wolde
wayte
vpon
them
ryght
humbly
and
attende
vpon
them
at
the
courte
or
at
the
counsayle
stondynge
on
theyr
feete
to
the
tyme
that
they
retourned
home
agayne
.
Thus
they
were
made
harde
for
to
suffre
payne
&
trauayle
/
&
these
olde
men
also
dyde
theyr
payne
to
enduce
them
and
styre
them
to
all
good
condycyons
and
vertues
/
and
shewed
them
many
good
ensamples
/
by
the
whiche
good
amon
〈…〉
s
&
customes
they
become
vertuous
&
well
manered
/
and
so
by
them
put
for
the
in
to
the
offyces
of
knyghthode
after
theyr
customes
.
And
this
manere
of
vsage
the
nobles
kepte
amonge
theyr
chyldren
.
And
so
for
theyr
pacyence
and
vertue
and
who
myght
best
endure
payne
were
reputed
for
moost
worthy
▪
And
yet
Ualere
sayth
when
a
man
made
ony
grete
feest
/
and
the
yonge
men
happened
to
be
there
when
it
sholde
come
that
men
sholde
sytte
downe
/
they
wolde
enquere
dylygently
who
sholde
come
/
to
that
entente
if
ony
auncyent
man
that
were
noble
and
worthy
came
thyder
/
that
they
sholde
be
redy
anone
for
to
serue
hym
/
for
they
wolde
not
sytte
●●ste
.
And
at
the
ende
of
the
mete
they●
table
sholde
sonest
be
take
awaye
/
for
bycause
that
they
sholde
presente
themselfe
before
the
olde
worshypfull
.
By
the
whiche
it
appereth
sayth
Ualere
that
they
were
taught
/
not
to
be
of
moche
language
/
wh●was
a
souerayne
&
a
fayre
custome
for
yonge
men
.
For
as
An●●me
sayth
in
the
boke
of
symylytudes
/
there
be
thre
thynges
whiche
ought
to
be
commended
in
a
yonge
man
that
is
to
know
Shame
in
vertue
.
Abstynence
in
his
body
/
&
Scylence
in
his
mouthe
that
is
to
vnderstonde
he
sholde
be
lytell
of
language
For
after
the
sayenge
of
the
wyse
man
/
yf
the
foole
helde
his
peas
he
myght
be
taken
for
a
wyse
man
.
¶
Ensamples
of
that
/
that
foloweth
after
of
the
doctryne
that
the
auncyentes
gaue
to
they
chyldren
.
Capitulo
.
xxxv
.
_●Owe
haue
we
shewed
how
the
Romaynes
in
old●
tyme
enduced
theyr
chyldren
in
theyr
youthe
.
●
Now
must
we
shewe
what
foloweth
after
of
this
introduccyon
that
is
to
wete
of
the
effectes
of
theyr
worthynesses
whan
they
came
to
age
/
where
vp
on
Ualere
amonge
all
other
ensamples
of
chyldehode
speketh
to
our
purpose
and
sayth
/
that
often
tymes
in
chyldhode
a
man
shal
vnderstonde
by
his
inclynacyons
to
what
thynges
he
shal
drawe
to
/
where
vpon
he
telleth
of
a
noble
chylde
of
the
Cyte
of
Rome
that
was
called
Emulyus
Lepydyus
/
whiche
lerned
the
introduccyon
of
armes
so
hertely
and
delyted
hym
soo
moche
therin
/
that
when
men
wente
to
batayle
he
wolde
nedes
be
armed
/
whiche
was
agaynst
nature
of
chyldren
/
for
the
grete
horroure
&
fere
in
batayle
.
Neuertheles
he
dyde
soo
moche
armes
at
that
batayle
that
the
prynces
of
the
counsayle
of
Rome
put
hym
in
theyr
regystres
/
and
noble
memoryes
of
the
Cyte
for
a
grete
meruayle
/
●lso
the
yonge
men
by
the
styrynge
and
exor
tacyon
of
the
noble
auncyentes
were
more
apte
to
naturall
pyte
to
good
condycyon
/
and
to
stedfast
courage
▪
Also
Ualere
speke
th
of
another
noble
chyld●
that
his
mayster
ledde
towarde
scole
And
as
he
passed
by
one
of
the
prynces
of
Rome
whiche
was
●
cruell
man
whose
name
was
called
●ylla
/
whiche
had
made
smyte
of
the
heedes
of
many
men
of
Rome
by
his
grete
cru●ltye
▪
●he
chylde
asked
of
his
mayster
howe
suche
a
tyraun●
myght
be
suff●●d
&
not
slayne
.
〈…〉
mayster
answered
sayenge
in
this
wyse
/
that
there
were
men
ynowe
that
wolde
sle
hym
&
they
myght
.
But
he
was
so
fortyfyed
with
men
of
armes
that
there
coude
no
meane
be
founde
therfore
.
Then
sayd
the
chylde
/
yf
so
were
that
I
had
a
knyfe
I
wolde
ryght
soone
brynge
the
matter
to
a
poynte
●or
euery
daye
I
am
in
his
presence
/
wherfore
I
wolde
not
fayle
to
sle
hym
/
where
vpon
the
mayster
consyderyinge
the
grete
courage
of
the
chylde
wolde
suffre
hym
to
come
no
more
in
the
presence
of
Sylla
/
but
he
serched
hym
well
before
that
he
had
no
knyfe
vpon
hym
.
Also
to
the
purpose
of
the
grete
courage
of
a
chylde
well
manered
/
Ualere
telleth
of
a
noble
man
of
●ome
whiche
kepte
a
chylde
that
he
had
in
grete
rygour
&
without
measure
/
in
so
moche
that
the
chylde
was
gretly
anoyed
with
his
rudenesse
/
and
durst
not
well
come
in
his
presence
/
It
happened
that
another
myghty
man
of
Rome
hated
moche
that
chyldes
fader
/
so
I
wote
neuer
what
cause
he
founde
to
the
chyldes
fader
/
but
that
he
wolde
nedes
trouble
hym
/
&
dyde
so
moche
therin
that
he
caused
the
man
to
spende
grete
goodes
and
abated
gretely
of
his
rychesse
.
Then
the
good
chylde
whiche
toke
no
hede
of
the
rudenesse
/
nor
the
iniury
that
his
fader
dyde
vnto
hym
/
but
on●ly
to
the
naturall
loue
that
he
ought
hym
myght
no
lenger
suffre
the
tourment
that
was
done
to
his
fader
/
but
toke
a
knyfe
pryuely
and
wente
thyder
as
his
faders
aduersary
was
/
and
sayd
vnto
hym
that
he
wolde
fayne
speke
with
hym
in
counsayle
.
The
other
whiche
was
a
wyse
man
of
counsayle
/
lyke
as
we
myght
say
a
lerned
man
/
supposed
y●
the
chylde
wolde
aske
hym
some
aduyse
of
counsayle
ayenst
his
fader
/
and
was
full
glad
of
hym
/
and
ledde
hym
secretely
vnto
a
chambre
.
And
when
the
chylde
sawe
that
he
hadde
his
faders
enemy
all
alone
/
an
one
he
shytte
faste
the
dore
and
ranne
to
the
olde
man
/
and
caste
hym
vnder
hym
/
and
forth
withall
tooke
hym
by
the
throte
/
and
sware
a
grete
othe
that
he
wolde
sle●
hym
without
that
he
wolde
●ette
his
fader
he
in
peas
/
and
that
he
wolde
also
make
hym
amendes
of
the
greate
charges
that
he
hadde
put
hym
to
.
And
soo
at
fewe
wordes
he
made
hym
so
aferde
that
he
made
a
promyse
for
to
restore
his
fader
all
hys
costes
/
and
so
he
dyde
.
¶
Howe
the
olde
anncyent
knyghtes
auaunced
the
yonge
men
that
they
hadde
taught
and
lerned
.
Capitulo
.
xxxvi
.
LIke
as
ye
haue
herde
here
tofore
the
chyldren
of
the
Romaynes
profyted
gretely
in
olde
tyme
by
the
good
ensamples
that
was
shewed
them
by
the
olde
auncyentes
whiche
dyde
as
they
sholde
doo
.
And
these
auncyent
men
ben
gretely
to
be
reproued
that
gyue
cause
to
yonge
men
of
euyll
ensamples
/
Lyke
as
some
olde
foo
les
done
/
whiche
ben
hardened
in
euyll
maners
/
and
fylthy
customes
whiche
wyll
not
spare
to
vse
them
amonge
the
yonge
men
/
but
maketh
them
theyr
messyngers
/
for
to
brynge
them
nyce
rydynges
/
wherfore
it
is
gretely
to
be
reproued
when
it
happeneth
that
they
whiche
ought
to
be
techers
of
good
doctry
ne
/
ben
ensample
of
fylthe
/
and
myschyefe
.
For
there
is
not
a
more
vnsyttynge
thynge
in
this
worlde
/
than
to
se
an
olde
man
without
vertues
&
wysdome
.
And
as
it
is
sayd
of
the
olde
worthy
Romaynes
that
gouerned
them
so
wysely
in
all
thynges
they
had
so
grete
delyte
in
the
good
deedes
of
yonge
men
that
they
letted
not
for
theyr
youthe
to
set
them
in
hyghe
dygnytes
of
offyces
&
for
thoughe
they
were
yonge
in
age
/
they
were
olde
in
vertues
and
wysdome
/
lyke
as
they
dyde
by
Stypyo
Lau
frycan
/
whiche
was
but.
xxiiii
.
yere
of
age
/
when
they
made
him
capytayne
of
a
grete
hoost
whiche
was
not
acustomed
to
be
do
ne
vnder
the
age
of
xxx
.
yere
at
the
lest
/
neuertheles
they
were
not
de●ey●●d
therin
/
for
he
bare
hym
so
worshyp
fully
&
soo
moche
profyted
the
Romaynes
that
by
his
manhode
&
wysdome
/
he
gate
them
all
Affryke
/
Cartage
/
&
the
gretest
parte
of
Spayne
where
he
dyde
many
meruaylous
actes
/
In
lykewyse
also
it
was
of
Pompe
the
grete
/
whiche
in
the
age
of
chyldehode
was
so
gretely
proued
in
all
vertue
and
worthynes
that
in
age
of
xxii
.
yere
the
Romaynes
made
hym
a
Consule
▪
that
is
to
saye
/
a
prynce
of
a
ryght
grete
hooste
.
And
he
bare
hym
so
well
in
his
offyce
and
dygnyte
/
that
he
wonne
the
Tryumphe
dyuers
tymes
/
whiche
was
a
souerayne
honoure
/
lyke
as
hath
ben
reherced
before
in
the
fyrst
parte
of
this
booke
▪
Fyrst
he
had
the
tryumphe
of
Mytrydates
the
kynge
of
Pontus
/
whiche
subdued
xxii
.
countrees
of
dyuers
languages
/
whiche
by
the
space
of
xi
yeres
had
troubled
the
Romaynes
by
dyuers
bataylles
.
Also
he
had
the
tryumphe
for
kynge
●ygram
of
Armony
lyke
as
it
is
sayd
before
/
And
for
other
dyuers
kynges
and
Cytees
/
&
londes
/
whiche
he
put
vnder
the
obeysaunce
of
Rome
to
the
nombre
of
.xxii.
royalmes
/
And
shortely
all
the
regyons
that
ben
bytwene
the
mounte
●ancasus
and
the
reed
see
/
Also
he
clensed
the
see
of
a
grete
multytude
of
robboures
whiche
occupyed
the
partyes
of
Europe
and
●yse
after
the
see
coost
●
And
soo
out
of
these
worshypfull
scoles
came
suche
dyscyples
as
ye
may
here
and
of
the
feate
of
these
good
scolers
and
dyscyples
for
the
ensample
of
knyghthode
I
wyll
tell
you
more
nexte
after
folowynge
.
¶
Howe
amonge
all
other
thynges
syre
good
condycyons
ben
necessary
to
the
nobles
and
knyghtes
.
Capitulo
.
xxxvii
.
¶
Of
the
fyrste
.
NOwe
as
me
semeth
I
fynde
in
the
wrytynges
of
auctoures
whiche
haue
treated
of
the
maners
and
condycyons
of
noble
men
/
that
.vi.
condycyons
ben
necessary
to
knyghtes
and
nobles
yf
they
wyll
haue
the
worshyp
that
is
due
to
manhode
.
And
without
them
there
is
no
noblesse
worthe
/
but
as
a
mockery
/
¶
The
fyrst
of
thyse
condycyons
is
/
they
ought
to
loue
parfytely
armes
/
and
kepe
the
ryghtwysnes
therof
/
and
they
ought
to
put
them
in
excercyse
of
that
laboure
.
The
seconde
con
dycyon
is
that
they
ought
to
be
hardy
/
and
that
hardynes
ought
to
be
so
ferme
and
so
constaunte
that
they
ought
not
to
fl●e
ne
parte
from
batayle
for
fere
of
dethe
/
ne
for
losynge
of
blode
ne
lyfe
/
for
the
welthe
of
theyr
prynce
and
saufegarde
of
the
londe
/
and
for
the
comon
welthe
/
for
and
they
do
/
they
renne
in
the
payne
of
losynge
of
theyr
heedes
/
by
sentence
of
the
lawe
/
&
also
shamed
for
euer
.
The
thyrde
is
/
they
sholde
gyue
courage
and
hardynes
one
to
another
/
and
styre
theyr
felawes
for
to
do
wel
to
that
entente
that
they
sholde
surely
abyde
:
The
fourth
is
that
they
ought
in
ony
wyle
to
be
true
/
and
kepe
theyr
faythe
&
promyse
.
The
fyfth
is
/
that
they
ought
to
loue
&
desyre
worshyp
aboue
all
thynges
worldely
:
And
the
syxte
is
/
they
sholde
be
wyse
and
subtyll
ayenst
theyr
enemyes
in
all
maner
of
feares
of
armes
.
And
yf
these
syxe
condycyons
be
weli
kepte
/
they
that
obserue
them
may
neuer
fayle
of
honoure
.
But
certaynly
there
is
more
dyffyculte
in
the
perfourmynge
of
these
condycyos
then
in
the
spekynge
of
theym
▪
●nd
therfore
Arystotle
saythe
/
where
is
moost
dyffyculte
/
there
is
the
grettest
worshyppe
▪
¶
●owe
for
to
speke
of
the
fyrste
condycyon
that
the
noble
man
ought
to
haue
/
that
is
to
knowe
he
sholde
loue
and
put
hymsel
fe
●●excercyse
of
armes
/
and
kepe
the
ryght
of
the
same
/
we
may
gyue
ensample
of
many
worthy
knyghtes
:
But
for
as
moche
as
we
be
entred
in
the
storyes
of
●omaynes
/
we
wyl
contyne
we
in
them
whiche
as
me
semeth
we
may
take
generally
/
for
the
specyall
louers
of
armes
/
and
by
consequent
they
were
ryght
noble
/
that
is
to
knowe
of
the
good
knyghtes
of
whome
mencyon
is
made
in
the
wrytynges
of
olde
auctours
whiche
make
mencyon
of
theyr
dedes
and
thoughe
they
loued
well
armes
/
they
kepte
the
obseruaunces
of
the
same
by
theyr
cheualrous
dyscyplyne
/
that
is
to
saye
/
by
theyr
good
rules
to
kepe
ryght
in
all
thynges
couenable
/
so
that
they
fayled
in
no
thynge
For
in
case
that
on
y
man
had
done
ayenst
theyr
ordynaunce
whiche
was
stablysshed
amonge
them
they
were
ryght
sharpely
punyssh
ed.
wherfore
●alere
sayth
/
dyscyplyne
o●
knyghthode
/
that
is
to
knowe
rule
and
ordre
kepte
whiche
longe
to
the
same
/
was
the
souerayne
honoure
and
stedfast
foundement
of
the
Empyre
of
Rome
.
And
more
ouer
he
sayth
/
by
the
well
kepynge
of
the
dylcyplyne
they
gate
the
grete
vyctoryes
and
the
sure
estate
of
peas
and
tranquylyte
.
¶
And
of
the
maner
howe
●alere
gyueth
dyuers
ensamples
vpon
the
same
dyscyplyne
/
it
is
to
were
that
amonge
all
other
he
speketh
of
a
rebellyon
whiche
was
in
●ylyle
ayenst
the
●●maynes
.
There
was
a
consule
that
is
to
say
one
of
theyr
prynces
/
or
elles
a
soucrayne
capytayne
/
and
he
was
sente
forthe
with
a
grete
hoost
whose
name
was
called
●alpurynus
Pyso
So
it
happened
that
he
had
sent
one
of
his
the
actaynes
with
a
company
of
his
men
of
armes
to
kepe
a
passage
ayenst
his
enemyes
/
neuertheles
he
was
supprysed
with
so
grete
multytude
of
his
enemyes
/
that
he
and
his
hoost
was
so
●onst
rayned
that
they
were
fayne
to
yelde
theyr
armes
vnto
them
●nd
when
that
the
consule
●alpurynus
vnderstode
this
aduenture
/
he
supposed
that
it
fell
so
for
lacke
of
good
watche
.
●o
whan
he
was
come
agayne
to
this
●alpurynus
he
dyde
hym
suche
●ylanyes
as
here
after
foloweth
/
for
he
made
hym
were
suche
clothynge
as
the
nobles
dyde
/
whiche
was
called
●ogue
/
and
in
token
that
he
had
dyshonoured
his
noblesse
for
bycause
that
he
had
so
symply
yelde
hym
to
his
enemyes
/
he
made
take
away
the
freuge
that
was
set
aboue
on
his
garment
&
set
it
benethe
at
●
is
feete
/
whiche
was
taken
for
a
grete
vylany
and
the
frenge
was
lette
styll
there
all
longe
as
that
arme
endured
/
and
was
defended
hym
that
he
sholde
not
company
with
the
knyghtes
that
is
to
saye
/
he
sholde
not
come
on
horsbacke
amonge
the
men
of
armes
/
where
as
afore
he
was
a
capytayne
/
so
he
and
these
men
that
were
yelded
with
hym
were
let
amonge
the
foote
men
and
boyes
/
whiche
were
of
no
pryce
nor
reputacyon
.
¶
Of
the
fyrst
good
condycyon
.
Capitulo
.
xxxviii
.
_●●t
to
this
purpose
Ualere
telleth
how
the
Romaynes
in
kepynge
of
this
dyscyplyne
spared
no
man
that
dyde
amysse
/
thoughe
he
were
neuer
so
good
&
not
able
/
and
speketh
of
a
worthy
knyght
that
was
called
Fabyus
●ustylanus
.
And
was
mayster
&
capytayne
of
a
grete
hoost
of
Romaynes
.
But
for
as
moche
as
he
fought
with
a
grete
hoost
of
his
enemyes
without
the
lycence
of
the
dyctatour
or
consule
whiche
was
the
souerayne
/
not
with
stondynge
that
he
dyscomfyted
them
/
yet
he
was
dyspoyled
and
made
naked
/
&
sore
beten
/
&
yet
it
was
a
grete
grace
that
he
had
no
more
harme
/
but
for
bycause
that
he
was
a
worthy
knyght
they
saued
his
lyfe
/
wherfore
Ualere
speketh
of
hym
pyteonsly
&
sayth
/
that
Fabyus
●ustylanus
gaue
his
vyctoryous
body
and
full
of
prowesse
to
be
torne
with
roddes
by
the
hangeman
in
renuynge
the
bloode
of
his
woundes
/
whiche
he
had
goten
in
his
gloryous
vyctoryes
.
But
the
Romaynes
kepte
this
Iustyce
styce
to
the
entente
that
they
sholde
be
doubted
&
dradde
/
yet
Ualere
telleth
to
the
same
purpose
of
a
worshypful
consule
that
was
slayne
in
a
batayle
/
yet
notwithstondynge
that
his
party
had
the
better
&
wan
the
felde
/
for
bycause
the
Romaynes
were
enfourmed
that
for
lacke
of
men
of
armes
whiche
had
not
socoured
him
/
&
so
by
theyr
neclygence
toke
no
hede
to
theyr
duke
but
lete
him
be
slayne
/
&
by
cause
that
they
p̄eed
not
before
to
saue
him
fro
the
shot
of
his
enmyes
The
senatoures
of
Rome
/
as
Ualere
sayth
ordeyned
that
all
the
yere
after
these
same
people
had
no
wages
▪
¶
Also
the
Carta
gyences
whiche
were
ryght
noble
men
of
armes
put
theyr
capytaynes
to
dyspyteous
dethe
when
they
made
euyll
ordynaunce
in
theyr
batayles
/
lette
vs
suppose
yet
that
they
had
the
vyctory
/
but
theyr
opynyon
was
that
no
man
ought
to
haue
glory
ne
lowes
of
noo
thynge
that
he
doth
in
lasse
that
it
be
doone
by
reason
/
but
ought
to
be
punysshed
therfore
▪
Thus
Ualere
concludeth
when
he
hath
spoken
ynoughe
of
the
dyscyplyne
of
kny
ghthode
whiche
sewed
the
Romaynes
for
kepynge
of
the
same
that
is
to
say
in
conquerynge
of
the
myghty
kyngdomes
and
lords
hyppes
of
the
hyghe
hylles
of
Alpes
and
accheued
the
met
uayllous
aduentures
of
the
same
wi●hout
whiche
dyscyplyne
it
coude
neuer
haue
ben
brought
aboute
.
¶
The
seconde
good
condycyon
.
Capitulo
.
xxxix
.
TO
speke
of
hardynesse
whiche
is
the
seconde
good
condycyon
that
is
necessary
to
a
good
knyght
/
or
a
good
man
of
armes
.
The
auctours
say
whiche
haue
treated
therof
/
that
it
is
a
vertue
that
cometh
of
grete
courage
whiche
clarkes
calleth
Magnanymyte
without
whiche
no
strength
of
man
may
not
accheue
grete
dedes
.
And
by
hardynes
is
enterprysed
all
the
hyghe
and
grete
thynges
/
and
often
tymes
accheued
rather
than
by
strengthe
/
lyke
as
a
〈…〉
may
se
often
tymes
that
a
lytell
man
feble
and
small
of
〈…〉
may
be
so
hardy
of
courage
that
he
dare
take
vpon
hymselfe
to
do
armes
ayenst
a
moche
man
and
a
stronge
/
and
often
tymes
dyscomfyteth
hym
▪
And
of
this
we
haue
ensample
of
●lyrsaundre
/
whiche
was
one
of
the
leest
persones
that
men
knewe
/
yet
he
fought
honde
for
honde
with
kynge
●ortus
of
ynde
whiche
was
a
more
myghty
man
than
other
/
yet
he
dyscomfyted
him
/
&
thrugh
his
grete
hardynes
he
was
bolde
to
take
vpon
him
to
conquere
al
the
worlde
whiche
he
acheued
/
&
that
was
a
grete
meruayle
/
&
many
other
haue
acheued
by
theyr
hardynes
soo
many
grete
meruayles
whiche
semed
impossyble
to
be
done
/
wherfore
Guyde
sayth
that
the
goddes
helpe
the
hardy
men
/
where
as
he
speketh
in
his
poetry
that
the
god
whiche
is
called
Mars
helpe
a
knyght
in
his
hardynes
when
he
fought
with
a
man
that
was
my
ghtyer
than
he
/
&
cast
a
stone
ayenst
the
stronger
man
/
&
hythȳ
in
the
vysage
whiche
caused
him
to
be
astonyed
/
&
by
that
meanes
the
feble
man
ouercame
the
stronge
/
so
this
myght
be
true
/
some
man
paraduenture
cast
a
stone
that
smotehi
in
the
vysage
/
&
the
folysshe
people
at
that
tyme
bycause
that
noman
wyst
fro
whēsy
cast
came
/
demed
y●
the
god
Mars
had
cast
it
i
helpyng
of
the
feble
persone
/
&
i
lykewyse
valere
sayth
that
the
god
Mars
helped
a
romayne
knyzt
that
faught
ayenst
another
whiche
sent
him
a
Rauon
that
with
his
becke
&
his
talouns
smote
his
enemy
so
sore
i
the
vysage
that
it
was
cause
of
his
dysconfyture
/
&
thꝭ
is
sayd
herefore
bycause
that
ofte
tymes
it
hap
peth
fortune
is
so
redy
to
them
that
be
hardy
&
gyueth
them
so
many
good
aduentures
that
it
semeth
verely
as
it
came
by
myracle
/
but
for
to
speke
ꝓprely
of
hardynes
the
pure
&
honourable
hardynes
whiche
ought
to
be
alowed
is
y●
that
is
founded
vpon
reason
&
suche
thynges
as
ben
possyble
to
be
done
without
presumpcyon
&
folysshe
hardynes
/
as
who
sayth
one
man
alone
ayenst
many
men
/
or
elles
with
a
fewe
men
to
assayle
a
grete
host
of
theyr
enmyes
/
or
yt
a
man
do
grete
outrages
&
weneth
no
mandare
auenge
it
/
suche
hardynes
may
not
longe
endure
/
&
though
it
hap
at
somtyme
that
it
proueth
wel
with
him
/
at
last
it
destroyeth
him
vtterly
&
al
that
byleue
in
the
same
/
&
there
abydeth
no
worshyp
i
them
/
but
is
holden
for
presumpcyon
&
foly
/
for
as
it
is
sayd
here
tofore
of
dyscyplyne
of
knyghthode
in
all
thynges
where
is
noo
measure
is
not
to
be
alowed
/
though
so
be
that
at
some
tyme
by
aduenture
may
hap
to
fall
some
good
thynge
/
yet
it
may
not
fayle
but
the
ende
shal
be
euyl
.
¶
Yet
more
of
the
same
&
ensamples
of
the
Romaynes
.
Bycause
we
haue
sayd
here
before
&
true
it
is
the
hardynes
cometh
of
a
grete
courage
/
we
must
therfore
shewe
ensample
after
the
ordre
of
our
proces
conteyned
i
this
boke
here
tofore
&
yet
son
what
of
our
purpose
of
that
that
is
reherced
before
of
the
dyscy
plyne
of
knyzthode
/
that
is
to
say
/
Iulyus
cezar
the
noble
conquerour
had
by
his
ryght
wyse
dyscyplyne
enduced
his
knyghtis
&
his
men
of
armes
i
suche
lessons
as
here
after
foloweth
to
our
purpose
of
hardynes
&
courage
whiche
ought
to
be
i
a
good
man
of
armes
that
sholde
not
fle
from
batayle
for
fere
of
deth
/
nor
be
founde
as
a
cowarde
.
Ualery
telleth
of
a
worthy
knyght
that
was
with
In
lyus
cezar
/
called
Marcus
cesius
/
where
as
he
happened
to
be
i
a
batayle
where
he
dyde
many
grete
dydes
of
armes
that
was
meruayle
to
se
/
wherfore
there
were
sent
a
grete
people
for
to
take
the
knyght
/
but
as
many
as
came
nygh
him
he
slue
them
/
&
yet
he
she
wed
gretely
his
hardynes
&
courage
i
another
thynge
/
for
one
happened
to
fasten
a
stroke
vpon
him
&
smote
one
of
his
eyen
clene
out
of
his
heed
/
but
for
al
that
he
made
no
semblaunt
that
he
suffred
ony
payne
nor
lefte
no
more
his
fyghtyng
therfore
than
he
had
not
be
hurte
/
yet
not withstondyng
that
he
had
many
greuous
woundes
be
syde
/
buthe
neuer
seased
fightyng
tyl
euyn
that
he
fel
downe
deed
vpon
the
hepe
of
men
that
he
had
slayne
him
selfe
/
&
it
was
founde
that
his
shelde
was
perced
i.
xxvi
.
places
/
so
for
the
worshyp
of
him
Ualere
sayth
y●
the
disciplyne
of
Iulyus
cezar
nourysshed
&
brought
forth
suche
knyztes
that
is
to
know
by
his
cxortacyōs
&
excercyses
of
good
ensamples
that
he
shewed
them
.
¶
●et
more
to
the
same
purpose
valere
speketh
of
another
knyght
that
was
with
Iuluus
cezar
called
●ltilius
/
whiche
happened
on
a
tyme
to
be
i
grete
batayle
vpon
the
see
ayenst
them
of
Marcell
/
in
the
whiche
his
ryght
honde
was
cut
of
/
but
for
al
that
he
abasshed
neuer
his
countenaunce
nor
chere
/
but
toke
vp
his
sworde
with
his
lyfte
honde
&
faught
as
●grcly
with
y●
as
he
had
had
bothe
his
hondes
.
¶
And
to
the
purpose
that
we
haue
spo
ken
of
before
that
good
fortune
helpeth
often
tymes
to
them
that
be
hardy
/
valere
telleth
of
another
knyght
that
was
with
Iulyus
cezar
called
Scenola
/
this
Scenola
hapened
of
aduenture
to
go
aloin
to
an
ylonde
from
his
felawes
&
in
the
same
ylonde
were
passynge
many
of
his
enemyes
/
&
as
soone
as
euer
they
sawe
him
they
assayled
hym
egrcly
on
euery
parte
/
but
he
quyt
hym
so
manly
the
.
v.
knyghtes
coude
not
haue
done
so
moche
in
halfe
a
day
as
he
dyde
in
an
houre
/
&
when
his
dartes
were
fayled
hym
he
pul
led
out
his
swerde
&
can
heedlynge
vpon
them
&
dyde
so
grete
dedes
of
armes
that
it
was
meruayle
to
se
of
his
felawes
whiche
stode
on
the
other
syde
of
the
water
&
behelde
hym
how
he
faught
but
they
myght
not
come
i
no
wyse
to
helpe
hym
/
&
it
was
a
sore
thyng
for
his
enemyes
to
suffre
the
strokes
that
he
gaue
them
/
for
it
was
a
thynge
that
myght
not
haue
been
wel
byleued
that
by
one
persone
so
grete
meruayles
of
armes
myght
haue
be
wrought
with
out
they
had
sene
it
/
for
he
dyd
so
moche
with
his
grete
strokes
that
he
made
al
the
meynea
lytel
to
drawe
abacke
/
than
so
hurte
as
he
was
that
is
to
know
he
was
smyten
with
a
spere
thrugh
bothe
thyes
&
his
vysage
al
to
brysed
with
a
grete
stone
/
&
wounded
i
many
other
places
/
yet
notwtstondyng
that
he
sodaynly
ran
to
the
water
armed
&
hurte
as
he
was
swam
ouer
makyng
the
water
al
blody
as
he
swam
/
&
thus
he
scaped
&
wente
to
his
lorde
Iulyus
cezar
whiche
honoured
hym
gretely
&
gaue
hym
a
ryght
grete
reconmēdacyō
as
he
had
wel
deserued
/
&
rewarded
hym
notably
for
he
coude
wel
know
a
worshypful
man
/
&
rewarde
hym
after
his
desertes
/
whiche
caused
other
to
take
grete
ensample
to
do
wel
/
&
forth
withal
he
made
hym
lorde
&
mayster
ouer
a
grete
company
of
knyghtes
.
¶
●et
agayne
of
the
same
purpose
that
fortune
helpeth
often
tymes
the
manly
&
couragyous
knyztes
for
to
escape
from
many
gret
peryls
&
to
do
many
meruaylous
dedes
of
armes
/
valere
speketh
of
a
knyzt
of
Rome
called
Oracyus
crocles
whiche
on
a
tyme
men
of
tuskan
came
to
take
a
brydge
ayenst
the
host
of
the
ro
mayns
/
thꝭ
oracius
saw
y●
&
went
not
ouer
the
brydge
to
defende
passage
&
fyght
with
them
honde
for
honde
tyll
the
bryoge
was
broke
behynde
him
/
he
wyst
wel
they
sholde
haue
lost
the
passage
/
&
whan
that
was
done
he
spored
his
hors
&
made
him
lepe
i
to
the
water
&
scaped
safe
&
sounde
i
despyte
of
al
his
enmyes
/
notwtstondynge
they
cast
many
a
darte
after
him
/
yet
to
the
purpose
of
hardynes
&
courage
valere
speketh
of
a
romayne
knyzt
whiche
i
a
batayle
had
done
many
meruaylous
dedes
of
armes
&
endured
longe
theri
/
&
at
last
was
so
sore
wounded
that
he
myght
not
helpe
hiself
with
his
hondes
/
&
when
he
felte
his
lyfe
was
but
shorte
/
he
dyde
so
moche
that
with
his
fete
he
smote
downe
one
of
his
enmyes
/
&
whan
he
was
downe
he
fel
vpon
him
&
bote
of
his
nose
&
al
to
tare
his
vysage
/
yet
valere
speketh
of
a
worthy
price
of
rome
named
Poulus
crasusly
same
poulus
after
that
he
had
tought
worshypfully
i
a
batayl
ayenst
arystonyeus
kyng
of
dayse
/
ha●●ed
the
euyll
fortune
●●●
ayenst
this
poulus
/
i●o
moche
that
he
was
take
alyue
in
the
batayl
whan
he
●aw
that
him
thought
he
had
leuer
dye
honourably
than
liue
●
bondage
lyke
as
it
was
at
the
tyme
the
custome
i
dyuers
places
that
whosoeuer
were
take
i
batayle
sholde
be
holden
afterwarde
as
abode
man
&
suffre
grete
payne
&
labours
&
namly
at
rome
for
they
vsed
the
custome
ayenst
suche
men
as
rebelled
or
brake
theyr
conantes
/
so
this
noble
price
after
that
he
was
dysarmed
&
put
a
ly●el
smal
yerde
in
his
hode
/
he
with
the
same
yerde
toke
him
that
stode
next
him
&
threst
y●
rod
eue
in
his
eye
&
smote
it
out
/
thꝭ
man
that
was
so
hurte
felde
the
grete
payne
of
the
stroke
&
anone
toke
out
his
sworde
&
●lue
the
price
/
wherfore
valere
●medeth
this
price
saynge
that
Crassus
shewed
to
fortune
that
it
was
not
i
theyr
puystaūc●
though
the
body
were
ouercome
/
for
to
ouercome
the
courage
/
yet
of
another
meruaylous
knyght
of
rome
/
valere
&
other
dyuers
auctours
as
varo●tytus
lynyus
/
lolyn
&
other
whiche
tel
of
him
&
of
his
dedes
/
&
semes
as
it
were
a
thynge
●
possyble
that
it
myght
be
true
▪
but
the
auctoryte
of
these
notable
wytnesses
maketh
me
to
gyue
fayth
&
credence
to
thinke
it
sholde
be
true
/
this
worthy
knyght
was
calle
sci●imnus
dentatus
/
shortly
to
speke
this
knyzt
dyd
●
his
tyme
so
gret
armes
that
he
was
i.
vi
.
score
batayls
for
the
romayns
where
he
had
euer
the
victory
he
beyng
so
courag
yous
that
thrughe
his
myght
and
courage
the
moost
parte
of
the
batayles
were
accheued
/
and
he
brought
to
Rome
.
xxx
.
men
dyspoyled
whiche
he
had
ouercomen
by
his
manhode
/
that
is
to
say
he
wanne
theyr
armures
by
noblesse
/
or
theyr
sheldes
/
or
koote
armures
/
lyke
as
parauenture
theyr
custome
was
suche
at
the
tyme
in
sygne
of
vyctory
/
wherof
.
viii
.
of
the
same
that
were
dys
poyled
were
knyghtes
/
whiche
had
chalenged
to
fyght
with
hym
honde
for
honde
bytwene
bothe
hoostes
/
in
presence
of
bothe
partyes
▪
Also
he
rescowed
&
saued
▪
xxxiii
.
knyghtes
in
ba
tayle
/
and
in
the
breste
he
was
hurte
with
.
xlv
.
woundes
&
not
one
in
the
backe
behynde
/
&
thus
the
customes
of
Rome
were
at
that
tyme
ful
notable
lyke
as
I
haue
sayd
here
tofore
.
That
wolde
god
there
were
nowe
in
Fraunce
whiche
is
the
floure
of
al
the
londes
of
the
worlde
/
as
in
noblesse
/
wolde
kepe
suche
rule
and
gouernaunce
as
dyde
the
Romaynes
in
those
dayes
/
for
when
the
prynces
of
Rome
co●●
home
vyctoryously
from
ony
grete
conquest
/
they
were
receyued
with
grete
honour
whiche
was
called
/
●ryumphe
And
these
knyghtes
that
bare
theym
best
in
the
felde
wente
nexte
to
the
chayre
.
And
had
propre
deuyses
of
Iewelles
/
whiche
they
ware
vpon
them
after
the
dedes
of
armes
that
they
had
done
▪
And
they
were
called
vyctoures
This
ryght
worshypfull
&
manly
knyght
Scysymyus
brought
many
suche
vyctoryes
to
Rome
nexte
to
the
chayre
.
euery
day
his
honoure
encreaced
more
and
more
.
●nd
the
nombre
of
worthy
dedes
that
he
dyde
/
lyke
as
Solyn
sayth
they
were
nombred
to
.
CCC
.
and
xii
.
And
Ualere
setteth
in
his
booke
.
CCCC
.
and.
xii
.
and
whan
he
entred
in
to
the
●yte
men
toke
more
hede
of
hym
for
his
meruaylous
dedes
/
then
they
toke
to
the
rychesse
that
wente
aboute
the
chayre
/
where
the
tryumphe
was
in
/
and
Solyn
sayth
of
this
Scysymyus
/
that
he
was
that
the
hardyest
and
moost
excellent
of
all
the
Romaynes
.
¶
Of
the
thyrde
good
condycyon
that
knyghtes
and
cheuetaynes
ought
to
haue
in
armes
.
Capitulo
.
xl
.
IT
happeneth
ofte
tymes
and
comonly
is
sene
that
euery
persone
whiche
is
lerned
in
a
crafte
&
customed
in
the
same
/
trauayleth
&
putteth
hymselfe
in
payne
to
instructe
and
lerne
other
men
suche
as
ben
enclyned
to
the
same
/
wherfore
the
wyse
men
saythe
/
and
thou
haunte
an
folowe
the
good
men
/
thou
shalte
be
lyke
vnto
them
And
yf
thou
haunte
the
cyull
/
thou
shalte
be
as
they
be
/
wherfore
he
that
wyl
be
mayster
of
a
crafte
it
is
necessary
that
he
folowe
and
haunte
the
mayster
workeman
of
that
crafte
that
he
wyll
medell
in
/
for
as
it
shall
be
sayd
here
after
in
the
last
parte
of
this
booke
/
euery
man
that
is
experte
in
his
crafte
ought
to
be
byleued
.
Now
for
to
come
agayne
to
our
purpose
of
this
matter
/
that
is
to
knowe
of
the
thyrde
condycyon
that
the
good
knyght
or
good
man
of
armes
ought
dylygently
to
folowe
&
haun
to
the
noble
and
worthy
men
whiche
ben
experyente
in
the
same
.
And
for
bycause
I
call
it
a
scyence
it
sholde
seme
to
soome
man
that
I
fayled
of
my
language
.
But
for
to
speke
clerely
with
out
sechynge
of
other
subtyll
reasons
/
whiche
shall
be
proued
that
it
maye
so
be
called
/
as
semeth
that
all
thynge
in
whiche
good
measure
and
rules
ought
to
be
kepte
may
well
be
called
a
scyence
.
And
me
semeth
there
is
noo
crafte
more
necessary
to
haue
good
rule
in
than
the
feate
of
armes
.
For
where
as
there
is
no
ord●●/●e
rule
in
batayle
/
all
gothe
to
confusyon
/
lyke
as
we
may
se
dayly
by
experyence
/
wherfore
Uegece
made
a
propre
booke
wherin
he
speketh
of
the
rules
that
ought
to
be
kepte
in
armes
/
whiche
boke
is
called
the
scyence
and
arte
of
knyghthode
¶
●nd
that
it
maye
be
proued
true
that
there
is
noo
arte
more
necessary
to
haue
good
rule
kepte
in
/
than
the
arte
of
armes
/
/
Stypyo
Lastryean
the
ryght
worshypfull
knyght
/
as
Ualere
telleth
sayd
to
this
same
purpose
/
that
there
coude
not
be
a
gretter
shame
in
a
knyght
than
to
saye
/
I
had
wente
it
sholde
not
haue
ben
so
/
for
he
sayd
yf
a
man
wolde
do
a
thynge
&
execu
te
it
/
he
sholde
do
it
by
so
good
aduyse
and
counsayle
/
and
by
so
grete
reason
that
he
sholde
not
nede
to
saye
I
wyste
not
that
it
wolde
haue
ben
soo
.
For
the
erroure
that
is
to
saye
when
there
is
ony
faute
in
good
ordynaunce
of
a
batayle
/
the
vyolence
is
soo
greate
thereof
/
that
it
maye
neuer
be
amended
.
And
the
fore sayd
auctoure
whiche
is
called
Uegece
/
speketh
of
the
same
in
his
fyrste
booke
of
knyghthode
/
And
he
saythe
also
/
yf
men
erre
in
other
thynges
/
the
erroure
maye
be
corrected
and
amen
ded
.
But
the
dyshordynaunce
of
bataylles
and
mysco●duyte
in
armes
maye
neuer
be
amended
/
for
the
payne
payeth
incontynente
the
mysdede
.
For
he
must
nedes
perysshe
shortely
/
or
●l
les
shamefully
flee
/
or
at
the
leest
waye
he
must
fall
in
seruage
that
is
to
saye
he
must
be
taken
and
comberously
entreated
/
/
whiche
thynges
is
more
grefe
to
couragyous
men
then
is
the
dethe
.
And
for
bycause
that
we
be
entred
in
the
chapytre
whe
▪
we
hoope
to
treate
howe
the
good
men
of
armes
ought
to
styre
one
another
to
be
manly
and
good
/
and
the
maners
that
ought
to
be
kepte
in
the
same
/
whiche
longeth
syngulerly
/
and
pryncypally
to
the
introduceyon
of
knyghtes
/
and
capytaynes
▪
of
hoostes
/
and
of
batayles
.
¶
We
wyll
speke
of
a
worthy
prynce
called
Stypyo
/
whiche
hath
ben
rehersed
here
●ofore
sayenge
in
this
wyse
to
his
knyghtes
that
no
man
ought
to
fyght
with
his
enemyes
that
is
to
knowe
to
go
and
assayle
them
without
a
iuste
cause
.
But
and
he
had
a
Iuste
cause
he
sholde
not
●ary
and
abyde
tyll
they
come
vpon
hym
/
for
a
Iuste
cause
gyueth
a
grete
hardynesse
in
suche
a
case
for
to
sette
freely
vpon
/
and
to
fyght
surely
▪
●nd
otherwyse
a
man
ought
not
for
too
fyght
without
that
necessyte
constrayne
hym
.
But
and
the
case
be
that
a
man
be
assayled
/
yf
he
defende
hym
not
/
〈…〉
grete
cowardyse
and
an
euyll
trust
of
good
fortune
/
whiche
were
a
shamfull
thynge
.
¶
yet
to
the
purpose
of
good
cheuetaynes
of
an
ho
ste.
Uegece
speketh
and
sayth
that
aboue
al
other
men
they
ought
to
be
wyse
and
best
aduysed
in
theyr
offyce
/
For
it
is
a
grete
thynge
he
sayth
for
to
puruaye
for
soo
moche
people
that
is
for
to
wete
for
to
be
well
aduysed
in
his
thought
how
he
may
do
ayenst
hym
that
is
his
enemye
.
Another
is
howe
he
maye
gouerne
suche
a
quantyte
of
people
to
the
pleasure
of
euery
man
and
to
kepe
them
in
good
ordre
and
rule
to
his
honoure
&
profyte
of
his
souerayne
/
wherfore
the
olde
auncyentes
sometyme
whiche
were
prynces
&
gouernoures
of
batayles
fayned
them selfe
that
they
were
of
the
lygnage
of
goddes
/
to
that
entente
y●
they●
subiectes
and
they
that
were
vnder
theyr
gouernaunce
sholde
drede
them
the
more
▪
and
put
gretter
faythe
in
theyr
ordynaunce
and
rule
.
●nd
suche
maner
of
cautelles
they
vsed
at
that
tyme
in
techynge
of
theyr
people
.
¶
Lyke
as
Ualere
telle
th
of
the
grete
wysedome
▪
valyaunce
/
and
hardynesse
of
the
noble
prynce
of
batayle
that
was
called
Sertoryus
/
whiche
for
to
gyue
herte
and
trust
in
his
people
/
fayned
and
sayd
that
the
goddes
shewed
hym
by
reuelacyon
what
he
sholde
do
by
a
why
●e
hynde
whiche
he
ledde
with
hym
in
the
hylles
of
Lucytanye
whiche
is
a
partye
of
Spayne
/
and
in
all
other
places
where
he
wente
in
his
Iournaye
▪
And
in
the
same
wyse
dyde
kynge
Mynos
of
Grete
whiche
was
a
man
of
grete
wysdome
in
the
kepynge
of
Iustyce
and
lykewyse
in
batayles
.
For
he
subdued
&
put
in
seruage
theym
of
Athenes
/
whiche
●heseus
theyr
duke
made
free
afterwarde
.
This
sayd
kynge
Mynos
wente
customably
euery
newe
yere
ones
in
to
a
caue
whiche
by
olde
tyme
was
consecrate
to
theyr
god
that
was
called
Iupyter
sayenge
that
he
was
his
sone
/
lyke
as
poetes
saye
.
And
in
the
place
he
sayd
that
his
fader
Iupyter
gaue
hym
the
lawes
/
and
the
ordynaunces
that
he
stablysshed
amonge
them
.
And
he
fayned
thus
for
bycause
that
they
sholde
doubte
to
breke
his
ordynaunces
and
commaundementes
.
¶
But
these
thynges
be
not
to
vnderstonde
that
the
good
capytayne
or
the
good
man
of
armes
sholde
vse
this
/
for
suche
faynynge
were
euyll
done
and
myght
gyue
cause
of
euyll
ensample
:
But
if
the
wyse
capytayne
or
guyder
of
men
of
armes
coude
wysely
fayne
that
he
had
a
gretter
wytte
than
he
hath
/
or
that
he
coude
more
than
he
dothe
.
And
the
that
he
dothe
be
done
by
reason
/
and
for
a
reasonable
cause
/
&
vpon
that
fyndeth
ony
good
Iapes
or
cautayles
/
I
suppose
it
were
ryght
wysely
doone
/
lyke
as
here
after
shall
be
declared
when
it
falleth
in
the
processe
.
¶
yet
more
of
the
same
/
and
ensample
of
the
Romaynes
.
TO
treate
of
the
purpose
of
good
amonycyons
that
the
good
cheuetayne
ought
to
do
to
his
people
in
all
Iuste
wyse
that
he
can
thynke
/
by
the
whiche
he
myght
gyue
them
gretely
courage
and
wyll
to
do
well
/
and
to
be
the
more
hardy
.
And
also
that
one
&
other
ought
to
say
in
comfortynge
of
theyr
courages
/
Ualery
saythe
that
Gayus
Marcyus
a
consule
of
Rome
/
a
duke
and
condytoure
of
a
grete
hoost
happened
on
a
tyme
to
be
in
a
batayle
gretely
oppressed
with
his
enemyes
wherfore
he
had
a
grete
doubte
leest
it
sholde
myscary
with
his
host
.
So
he
had
with
hym
straunge
sowdyoures
to
the
nombre
of
.
iii.
cohortes
.
A
cohorte
is
a
nombre
of
.
CCCCC
.
men
of
whom
he
had
grete
doubte
that
they
wolde
not
be
true
to
hym
:
Then
for
to
make
a
remedy
for
that
doubte
/
seynge
that
the
thynge
was
hasty
and
peryllous
/
wente
vnto
the
same
men
and
amonysshed
them
gretely
to
do
well
theyr
deuoyre
/
&
promysed
them
that
&
soo
were
that
the
felde
were
wonne
by
theyr
manhode
that
he
wolde
rewarde
them
so
gretely
that
he
wolde
make
euery
man
of
them
Cytezyns
of
Rome
/
&
that
was
not
a
lytel
thynge
in
those
dayes
that
he
promysed
them
.
For
it
was
the
grettest
honour
and
profyte
that
coude
be
done
to
ony
man
for
the
noble
fraunchyses
and
lybertees
that
was
in
the
cyte
.
And
also
it
was
not
acustome
to
make
suche
graunte
to
ony
straungers
.
Then
the
se
sowdyours
were
ryght
well
apayde
of
that
grete
offre
.
And
payned
themselfe
so
lore
that
by
theyr
manhode
theyr
enemyes
were
sore
put
abacke
/
by
the
whiche
vyctoryously
the
batayle
was
wonne
/
where
vpon
the
consule
kepte
them
couenaunte
of
that
he
promysed
them
/
notwithstondynge
that
it
was
ayenste
the
ordynaunce
of
the
Cyte
.
For
there
ought
no
consule
without
lycence
&
ordynaunce
of
the
Senatoures
that
is
to
saye
of
all
the
hole
counsayle
to
make
no
graunte
of
suche
thyng
.
But
as
for
trespas
that
he
dyde
in
that
case
he
excused
hym
ryght
notably
before
the
Senatoures
sayenge
that
where
as
a
batayle
●●ode
in
grete
Ieopardy
it
were
ryght
necessary
to
●●uruay
for
an
hasty
remedy
.
And
by
this
aduyse
at
that
tyme
he
coude
not
fynde
a
better
remedy
than
for
to
graunt
them
grete
rewardes
sodaynly
for
as
for
than
he
had
no
sayloure
to
se●e
the
lawes
whiche
at
that
tyme
had
more
nede
to
be
offended
than
kepte
.
●●●t
to
the
purpose
of
the
sadde
aduyse
of
the
cheuetayne
that
amonyssheth
well
his
people
.
Tytus
●ynyus
sayth
in
the
fyrst
foundacyon
of
Rome
/
it
happened
that
the
Romaynes
had
nede
of
helpe
of
men
of
armes
for
a
grete
batayle
that
they
had
to
do
:
Therfore
they
hyered
them
straunge
sowdyours
so
these
same
sowdyours
whiche
were
not
good
ne
true
semed
by
theyr
Iugement
that
the
batayle
was
doubtefull
and
peryllous
on
the
Romaynes
syde
/
they
fayre
departed
out
of
the
hoost
/
&
wente
to
the
pendaunte
of
an
hylle
/
to
the
entente
that
after
the
batayle
who
so
euer
had
the
felde
they
wolde
haue
fal
vnto
them
/
when
the
duke
and
prynce
of
the
hoost
sawe
that
these
people
were
abasshed
for
bycause
that
they
sawe
these
meyne
that
sholde
haue
holped
them
departen
from
the
felde
●none
lyke
a
wyse
cheuetayne
founde
a
remedy
for
that
fere
/
For
he
toke
an
horse
forth
withall
and
rode
thrughe
his
batayle
sayenge
that
all
thynge
was
in
good
ordynaunce
/
and
that
he
had
sente
out
the
capytayne
of
the
sowdyoures
and
his
people
with
hym
by
his
aduyse
to
the
pendaunt
of
that
hyll
/
to
that
entente
that
they
sholde
come
on
the
backe
halfe
of
his
enemyes
after
the
batayle
was
Ioyned
/
and
sayd
he
had
gyuen
them
a
certayne
token
when
they
sholde
set
on
.
And
thus
this
wyse
and
worthy
cheuetayne
by
his
grete
wysdome
and
aduyse
chaunged
the
hertes
of
his
people
and
put
them
in
grete
hoope
and
hardynesse
&
by
that
meane
he
wanne
the
vyctory
of
his
enmyes
/
whiche
was
a
notable
dede
.
¶
yet
ensamples
of
the
same
.
YEt
to
the
purpose
that
good
amonysshynge
is
moche
worthe
in
the
feate
of
batayle
/
I
maye
drawe
out
that
is
wryten
of
thre
worshypfull
knyghtes
of
the
whiche
one
of
theym
was
of
●acyde●one
/
whiche
is
a
parte
of
●rece
/
that
by
his
wordes
&
his
dedes
shewed
his
worshypful
courage
/
it
happened
▪
on
a
tyme
that
he
was
with
a
grete
to
wte
of
men
of
armes
of
his
owne
countre
that
wente
to
a
warre
&
he
with
them
/
&
for
bycause
that
he
was
halte
&
somewhat
same
/
his
felawes
rebuked
hym
&
sayd
that
they
had
meruayle
what
he
wolde
do
at
the
batayle
.
Then
he
answered
them
agayne
full
courteysely
sayenge
that
he
wente
thyder
for
to
smyte
/
and
not
for
to
fle
/
and
that
the
strengthe
of
his
armes
was
so
bounden
with
the
constaunce
of
his
courage
/
by
the
whiche
he
hooped
the
batayle
sholde
be
the
more
strengthed
by
his
persone
/
or
elles
he
wolde
dye
in
the
payne
/
and
hooped
too
haue
as
grete
vyctorye
as
ony
that
was
there
.
¶
And
also
he
sayd
that
it
sholde
be
a
grete
shamè
vnto
them
that
presumed
so
moche
vpon
themselfe
&
had
all
theyr
lymmes
hole
&
sounde
that
suche
one
as
he
sholde
here
a
way
the
worshyp
before
them
that
were
myghty
&
sounde
in
theyr
persones
▪
And
this
good
knyght
sayd
thus
for
bycause
that
they
sholde
put
them
in
theyr
deuoyre
by
the
meanes
of
that
stryfe
to
fyght
the
better
whan
they
came
to
the
batayle
/
And
so
it
happened
that
they
dyde
/
for
the
stryfe
ranne
so
ferre
amonge
themselfe
/
that
they
put
theym
in
the
Iugement
of
theyr
cheuetayne
/
that
who
so
euer
dyd
best
in
the
batayle
sholde
haue
a
certayne
thynge
of
worshyp
gyuen
hym
/
that
men
myght
knowe
by
that
his
notable
●nd
manly
dedes
.
And
for
bycause
of
this
debate
euery
man
put
hymselfe
gretely
in
his
deuoyre
for
enuye
that
the
one
had
to
the
other
/
by
the
whiche
they
gate
the
vyctorye
of
a
grete
and
a
straunge
batayle
▪
¶
Another
Romayne
knyght
that
was
a
cheuetayne
of
men
of
armes
whiche
had
sente
the
Romaynes
with
a
company
of
knyghtes
to
the
socoure
of
one
of
theyr
prynces
whiche
helde
the
warre
in
the
londe
of
Perce
▪
So
it
happened
that
he
inette
with
an
hoost
of
theyr
owne
people
that
retourned
home
agayne
saynge
vnto
hym
that
the
men
of
Perce
shotte
arowes
so
thycke
that
it
toke
a
waye
the
lyght
of
the
sonne
▪
This
good
capytayne
whan
he
sawe
that
the
people
was
thus
aferde
/
answered
them
with
a
manly
chere
/
sayenge
that
they
had
brought
him
good
tydynges
for
then
he
sayd
they
sholde
fyght
moche
the
bet
●●●
/
for
bycause
of
the
shadowe
/
●nd
by
his
hardy
&
manly
workes
&
the
good
amony●yons
that
he
shewed
them
caused
them
to
retourne
agayne
with
hym
&
faught
rygorously
&
wan
the
felde
with
grete
worshyp
.
¶
The.
iii.
knyght
was
of
●rece
●
&
was
sente
forth
to
the
socours
of
a
Cyte
with
a
felawshyp
of
men
of
armes
/
&
when
he
was
come
in
to
the
fortresse
/
the
cytez●●s
whiche
durst
not
yssue
out
of
theyr
walles
for
fere
of
theyr
enemyes
they
she
〈…〉
hym
the
grete
hyghte
of
theyr
walles
/
&
the
grete
depen●sse
of
theyr
dyches
/
●hiche
they
reioyced
theym
gretely
in
.
●hen
he
answered
them
in
this
wyse
/
yf
so
be
that
ye
haue
made
them
for
women
it
is
good
▪
But
&
ye
haue
made
them
for
men
●it
is
a
grete
shame
&
a
lewde
thynge
/
that
ye
tryst
more
to
be
enclosed
within
your
walles
/
&
your
dyches
/
than
in
the
myght
&
strē●
the
of
your
owne
persones
▪
And
thus
by
his
good
amonysshynges
/
and
wyse
reasons
gaue
them
suche
comforte
that
they
were
bolde
for
to
assayle
theyr
enmyes
whiche
before
tyme
they
durste
in
no
wyse
do
.
And
by
the
good
amonyeyon
of
this
worthy
knyght
they
dyscomfyted
theyr
enemyes
&
caused
them
to
breke
the
syege
.
¶
Ensample
of
worthy
knyghtes
.
Capitulo
.
xli
.
OF
grete
vygoure
was
that
worthy
knyght
whiche
was
well
nourysshed
with
Iulyus
Cezar
whose
name
was
called
Scenola
to
whom
was
gyuen
and
to
other
knyghtes
a
passage
for
to
kepe
and
a
towre
ayenst
the
hoost
of
Pomp
ye
whyle
the
warres
endured
bytwene
them
/
So
it
happened
that
the
hoost
of
Pomp
ye
thought
to
gyue
them
a
grete
assa●●telin
so
mythe
that
this
knyght
had
moche
payne
to
defende
hymselfe
frome
his
enemyes
/
for
they
charged
hym
passynge
sore
/
so
the
batay
●e
was
passynge
stronge
and
cruell
.
For
there
were
many
worthy
men
on
bothe
partyes
.
But
this
Scenola
whiche
was
as
hardy
as
a
lyon
dyde
so
grete
dedes
of
armes
that
it
was
meruayle
tell
/
and
suffred
so
moche
payne
in
defence
of
his
place
▪
that
he
was
passynge
sore
hurte
/
and
in
his
fyghtynge
he
sayd
to
his
knyghtes
/
nowe
for
the
gentyll
knyghtes
and
felowes●
breke
the
dartes
of
your
enemyes
with
your
feete
&
receyue
theyr
●●owe
hedes
in
your
throtes
/
&
we
shall
ouercome
them
▪
For
in
the
meane
tyme
that
we
dye
/
he
shall
come
that
shall
rescowe
this
for
●●esse
/
and
too
speke
in
fewe
wordes
his
language
&
his
dedes
were
so
mothe
that
he
ought
to
be
put
in
memory
/
for
he
by
his
good
amonycyons
&
ensamples
of
his
dedes
encreased
so
the
cou
rages
of
his
felawshyp
that
they
dred
no
dethe
but
fought
meruaylously
.
Then
he
wente
vp
to
the
towre
&
cast
the
deed
men
vpon
the
quycke
/
and
droue
them
downe
fro
the
walles
that
were
entrynge
vp
/
he
cutte
of
the
hondes
of
them
that
touched
the
walles
aboue
/
and
caste
stones
and
other
thynges
that
he
myght
gete
without
seasynge
.
But
to
speke
shortely
he●lue
soo
many
that
the
hepe
of
the
deed
men
was
as
hyghe
as
the
toppe
of
the
wal
as
the
olde
auctours
wytnesseth
/
whiche
wrote
the
noble
actes
and
dedes
of
the
Romaynes
.
And
then
he
lepte
out
amonge
his
enemyes
/
then
anone
they
ranne
vpon
hym
on
euery
syde
and
he
faught
so
sore
that
his
sworde
was
so
grecy
of
the
bloode
/
&
so
blunted
with
strokes
that
it
myght
cutte
no
more
.
And
his
enemyes
caste
so
faste
the
dattes
at
hym
that
often
tymes
the
dartes
mette
togyder
and
toke
away
the
stroke
.
And
thus
he
endured
longe
/
lyke
as
●ucan
wytnesseth
of
hym
and
of
his
meruaylous
/
seynge
also
that
there
was
so
grete
preese
aboute
hym
that
he
myght
vnnethe
dure
noolenger
.
And
amonge
all
other
strokes
he
was
smyten
with
an
arowe
in
the
lyfte
eye
/
but
anone
he
raced
out
the
arowe
of
his
heed
▪
and
the
eye
withall
/
&
trade
vpon
it
.
And
whan
he
sawe
that
he
was
soo
●ore
hurte
that
he
myght
not
wel
endure
no
lenger
/
he
fayned
hymselfe
that
he
was
repentaunte
that
euer
he
faught
ayenst
the
Cytezyns
of
Rome
.
And
he
sayd
also
that
they
ought
to
haue
py●e
on
hym
/
for
as
moche
as
he
was
of
theyr
bloode
/
and
prayed
them
that
one
of
them
myght
brynge
hym
before
●ompye
for
to
crye
him
mercy
and
there
he
wolde
dye
.
Then
there
was
one
in
the
place
that
byleued
well
his
wordes
/
and
came
to
hym
for
to
haue
ledde
hym
to
Pompye
&
anone
as
he
came
nygh●
this
Scena
gaue
hym
so
grete
a
stroke
that
he
slue
hym
stoone
dede
.
And
than
anone
they
fell
vpon
hym
and
slue
hym
/
and
thus
ended
Scena
one
of
the
good
knyghtes
of
the
worlde
.
¶
●●
the
foureth
good
condycyon
that
the
worthy
man
of
armes
●ught
to
haue
.
Capitulo
.
xlii
.
●Ike
as
the
state
of
noblesse
/
that
is
to
knowe
that
the
noble
men
be
moost
set
on
hyght
in
the
honoures
&
worshyp
pes
of
this
worlde
/
In
lyke
wyse
it
is
good
reason
that
they
be
adourned
with
vertues
/
whiche
for
to
say
proprely
is
the
most
noblesse
/
for
without
vertue
nothynge
is
noble
/
and
this
wytnesseth
Iuenall
/
whiche
sayth
/
there
is
nothynge
that
maketh
man
noble
but
vertue
/
and
this
sentence
appereth
well
.
Boece
in
his
boke
of
consolacyon
whiche
saythe
▪
that
the
name
of
noblesse
is
but
a
vayne
thynge
/
but
it
be
lyghtened
with
vertue
&
to
this
accordeth
al
the
auncyent
auctours
generally
.
Then
after
all
these
sentences
it
is
a
necessary
thynge
to
all
theym
that
call
themselfe
noble
/
to
be
vertuous
/
that
is
to
saye
well
manered
/
&
also
that
they
hate
all
vyce
&
flee
frome
all
vnsyttynge
thynges
/
whiche
ben
contrary
to
noblesse
/
&
that
they
loue
&
to
lowe
all
goodnesse
/
and
good
condycyons
.
And
for
bycause
that
I
haue
declared
here
tofore
some
of
these
vertues
concernynge
to
the
same
/
I
wyll
no
more
speke
of
them
at
this
tyme
.
But
I
wyll
passe
ouer
&
speke
of
the
fourth
good
condycyon
that
I
haue
shewed
here
tofore
/
whiche
is
necessary
to
all
good
knyghtes
&
nobles
/
and
that
is
this
/
he
ought
to
be
true
/
in
worde
▪
in
sute
/
&
in
his
othe●●nd
nowe
I
had
purposed
me
to
speke
hereof
in
this
chapytre
.
●ut
for
as
moche
as
other
tymes
I
haue
charged
myselfe
in
some
of
myne
other
volumes
to
speke
of
the
blamynge
of
the
ryght
lewde
vyce
of
lyenge
/
whiche
is
contrary
to
truthe
and
maye
not
suffycyentely
ynoughe
be
reproued
by
me
/
nor
by
none
other
/
●
wyll
passe
the
moore
lyghtely
ouer
.
●
¶
But
in
as
moche
as
it
toucheth
the
noble
men
without
fayle
I
maye
some
what
saye
nowe
that
yt
ys
a
thynge
that
ys
euyll
syttynge
vnto
ony
noble
man
/
and
full
dyshonourable
.
That
is
to
wete
/
of
them
than
ben
so
tought
as
some
ben
that
no
trewe
worde
cometh
out
of
theyr
mouthe
/
nor
in
theyr
promyses
/
nor
in
theyr
fayth
may
no
man
trust
no
more
than
the
sym
plest
boye
of
the
worlde
/
I
speke
of
some
suche
as
call
themselfe
noble
▪
And
truely
yf
suche
people
consydred
well
what
noblesse
were
/
and
howe
that
they
deserue
euyll
for
to
haue
the
dygnyte
therof
/
they
ought
to
be
●hamed
and
confounded
/
and
haue
lytell
cause
to
be
proude
for
the
noblesse
of
theyr
kynne
/
whiche
is
fayled
in
theyr
owne
persones
▪
And
for
to
speke
of
the
goodnes
of
trouthe
Iam
not
worthy
to
speke
suffycyently
therof
/
nor
no
man
elles
can
saye
ynoughe
therof
.
O
howe
it
is
gretely
alowed
and
commended
in
holy
scrypture
that
god
is
trouthe
/
and
so
he
calleth
hymselfe
/
And
al
the
foundacyon
of
our
fayth
and
byleue
is
sette
vpon
that
/
al
the
feate
of
the
Phylosophres
and
theyr
study
was
no
thynge
elies
but
for
to
attayne
and
serche
out
the
trouthe
/
And
this
wytnesseth
Arystot.le
in
his
Metaphysyke
/
whiche
he
founded
vpon
trouthe
/
in
whiche
booke
he
speketh
notably
therof
/
for
he
saythe
that
all
morall
Phylosophy
is
founded
vpon
trouthe
/
and
without
that
●ll
that
euer
we
maye
do
in
this
morall
lyfe
maye
not
profyte
vs
.
Alas
these
noble
auncyentes
whiche
had
at
that
tyme
noo
knowlege
in
the
deuyne
lawe
/
loued
rather
to
dye
than
be
false
of
theyr
faythe
/
o●
to
lye
le●ynges
▪
Than
what
shame
sholde
it
be
to
them
that
ben
crystened
/
that
for
a
lytell
thynge
or
nought
wyll
ye
&
●ors
w●re
themselfe
/
that
is
pyte
to
here
:
And
of
this
we
maye
shew
dyuers
ensamples
/
as
of
a
duke
of
Athenes
whiche
was
vp
fortune
taken
in
a
batayle
/
notwithstondynge
that
his
pertye
had
the
better
▪
Than
his
aduersarye
whiche
had
hym
in
his
pryson
/
wolde
haue
constrayned
hym
that
he
and
his
Cyte
sholde
haue
graunted
a
truage
payable
yerely
to
y●
men
of
Athenes
,
so
vpon
the
condycyon
he
sholde
be
delyuered
free
&
quyte
/
&
●f
he
wolde
not
graut
therto
/
he
sholde
dye
a
myscheuous
deth
But
the
worthy
duke
answered
and
sayd
that
he
had
promysed
&
swore
to
them
of
Rome
to
maynteyne
them
&
kepe
them
in
theyr
●●rysdyccyon
&
Fraunch
yses
/
●●o
that
by
hym
they
sholde
not
be
am
y●ysshed
nor
brought
in
worse
case
And
also
it
sholde
not
tourne
them
to
so
grete
p●●iudyce
the
losse
of
one
man
as
the
losse
of
theyr
possessyon
▪
●●r
of
as
good
a
prynce
/
or
a
better
than
he
was
they
sholde
soner
fynde
/
than
recouerynge
of
theyr
fraun
chyse
/
and
it
were
ones
loste
▪
And
th●s
he
had
suche
faythe
&
loue
to
his
subiectes
for
to
holde
that
he
promysed
them
that
he
chase
rather
for
to
dye
than
to
be
ayenst
his
promyse
.
●
There
was
a
greate
feate
and
kepte
well
his
trouthe
/
the
noble
Romayne
prynce
whiche
●alere
speketh
of
that
was
named
Actylyus
Regulus
/
whiche
after
that
he
had
dyscomfyted
a
batayle
and
a
grete
hoost
of
the
●artagyences
/
they
of
●artage
for
toauenye
themselfe
sent
for
▪
antyperus
kynge
of
Lacedemone
&
faught
a
newe
batayle
/
whiche
batayle
fortuned
to
be
ayenst
the
consule
Actylyus
/
soo
that
he
was
dyscomfyted
and
hymselfe
●aken
.
So
when
it
came
to
the
ende
of
fyue
yere
/
Orose
sayth
that
the
●artagyences
sente
theyr
embassadoures
to
Rome
&
with
them
this
noble
man
Actylyus
/
but
they
made
hym
swere
vpon
his
goddes
that
yf
case
were
that
they
coude
not
acco●●●
that
he
sholde
retourne
agayne
to
pryson
/
&
this
was
theyr
message
to
the
Romaynes
that
they
sholde
yelde
agayne
all
the
prysoners
that
were
taken
in
the
syrst
batayle
/
and
they
wolde
●●lde
them
agayne
this
noble
knyght
Actylyus
/
And
whan
the
●enatours
of
Rome
had
well
vnderstonde
this
message
/
they
besought
this
noble
man
●ctylyus
that
he
wolde
gyue
them
counsayle
in
the
sayd
matter
/
as
ferre
as
his
wysdome
wolde
gyue
hym
●●ut
this
noble
knyght
sette
not
so
moche
by
h●●
persone
that
he
wolde
counsayle
them
nor
aduyse
theym
/
that
for
his
persone
onely
they
sholde
delyuer
so
grete
a
quantyte
of
enemyes
for
hym
▪
●●r
he
sayd
it
was
not
for
the
comon
profyte
that
so
many
men
sholde
be
gyuen
for
one
man
.
And
thus
this
noble
man
wente
home
agayne
to
●artage
where
that
he
●n●
we
well
he
sholde
haue
grete
tourmentes
/
for
he
knewe
ful
wel
the
grete
cruelte
of
the
●artagyences
.
But
he
loued
rather
to
dye
than
to
lyue
and
be
forsworne
of
that
he
had
promysed
to
the
Romaynes
.
●
And
syth
it
cometh
to
the
purpose
that
we
speke
of
prysoneres
for
to
showe
more
of
the
customes
of
Rome
.
That
is
to
wete
/
when
the
prysoneres
of
●ome
were
yelded
in
as
moche
as
ony
prynce
of
Rome
had
goten
the
playne
vyctory
of
the
abuers
party
whiche
helde
them
in
pryson
/
when
the
consule
/
that
is
to
say
the
prynce
was
retourned
home
agayne
to
Rome
/
and
that
he
sholde
entre
in
to
the
towne
/
in
his
tryumphe
lyke
as
it
is
sayd
before
/
the
prysoneres
sholde
go
before
the
chayre
with
chapelettes
of
sylke
on
theyr
heedes
/
whiche
were
made
of
●elued
/
and
some
of
B●uers
/
as
●alere
sayth
/
and
●●tus
●ynyus
saythe
that
theyr
hedes
was
shauen
in
token
that
they
were
out
of
seruage
/
&
bothe
myght
happen
well
to
be
/
for
they
sayd
than
that
the
Chapelettes
betokened
lordshyp
&
fredome
●●●t
to
the
purpose
that
a
man
sholde
kepe
his
trouthe
/
and
that
it
wyll
do
harme
and
a
man
breke
it
/
It
happened
that
Hanyball
the
Emperoure
of
Cartage
was
dyscomfyted
by
the
Romaynes
in
the
seconde
batayle
/
as
●ytus
●●nyus
recyteth
in
the
●nde
of
his
.x.
booke
.
The
●artagyences
were
constrayned
to
requyre
the
●omaynes
of
peas
/
for
the
whiche
they
sente
theyr
embassadoures
to
Rome
.
●nd
whan
they
hadde
purpo
sed
before
the
●enatoures
the
effecte
of
theyr
matter
and
the
cause
of
theyr
comynge
.
●hen
for
bycause
that
they
of
●artage
had
quytte
them
vntruely
in
theyr
promyses
before
tyme
to
the
Romaynes
in
theyr
couenauntes
&
othes
/
whiche
they
had
made
before
/
was
sayd
vnto
them
these
wordes
.
●y
what
manere
of
goddes
d●o
ye
swere
the
peas
nowe
to
vs
/
syth
ye
haue
deceyued
and
be
for
sworne
by
them
that
ye
were
sworne
vpon
before
tyme
.
●hen
one
of
the
embassadoures
whiche
was
called
●●sdruball
answered
and
sayd
/
we
swere
nowe
by
theym
that
we
sware
before
tyme
/
&
them
ye
ought
gretely
to
thanke
and
owe
them
good
wyl
/
for
as
moche
as
they
haue
venged
you
well
vpon
vs
for
brekynge
of
our
othe
.
¶
The
fyrste
good
condycyon
that
a
worthy
man
shelde
haue
.
Capitulo
.
xliii
.
▪
I
Haue
sayd
here
before
that
the
fyrst
good
condycyon
that
he
whiche
is
a
good
man
of
armes
sholde
desyre
to
haue
is
that
he
sholde
loue
worshyp
aboue
all
thynges
.
And
for
bycause
that
it
is
an
open
thynge
that
he
sholde
so
desyre
/
it
shall
suffyse
me
to
proue
my
rea
sons
by
good
ensamples
of
the
worthy
auncyentes
withoute
sechynge
of
ony
other
argumentes
.
¶
The
worthy
●hemy●chocles
/
and
noble
knyghtes
/
whiche
I
haue
spoken
of
before
tyme
in
this
booke
loued
and
coueted
so
moche
the
worshyp
of
knyghthode
/
that
it
was
in
his
herte
/
lyke
as
a
sharpe
nedyl●●
whiche
brente
soo
sore
in
desyres
of
worshyp
/
that
it
wolde
lette
hym
haue
noo
peas
.
Then
it
was
asked
hym
of
other
knyghtes
why
he
occupyed
hymselfe
so
gretely
without
reste
.
Than
he
answered
&
sayd
/
for
bycause
y●
the
fayre
&
hyghe
knyghthodes
of
myne
auncetryes
&
theyr
grete
vyctoryes
enflambeth
my
courage
to
folowe
theyr
traces
/
so
y●
I
myght
attayne
to
parte
of
theyr
excellent
renownes
/
●y
my
trauayle
&
excercy
se
in
arme
.
●ut
for
bycause
y●
I
se
myselfe
so
ferre
from
theyr
grete
actes
/
it
maketh
me
busy
&
full
of
thought
/
whiche
wyll
not
lyghtly
leue
me
.
●his
good
knyght
was
none
of
theym
y●
for
one
lytell
good
dede
/
thought
that
he
had
done
many
excellent
dedes
/
&
was
in
y●
tyme
of
●ulcyades
y●
duke
of
Athenes
&
was
in
the
batayle
that
was
called
the
batayle
of
●araton
ayenst
the
percyens
/
lyke
as
Iustyne
recordet●
in
the
seconde
boke
of
his
storyes
whiche
commendeth
gretely
his
vertue
and
his
grete
knyghthode
/
whiche
batayle
was
meruaylous
grete
and
fyers
and
by
the
manhode
&
worthynes
of
this
knyght
they
of
Athenes
gate
the
vyctory
\
And
yet
he
thought
that
he
had
done
but
ryght
a
lytell
thynge
.
\
So
for
bycause
that
some
maynteyne
and
say
that
there
is
no
honoure
but
in
rychesse
/
&
without
rychesse
honoure
myght
not
be
had
.
\
I
saye
sauynge
the
reuerence
/
that
opynyon
is
false
and
vntrue
.
For
let
vs
sup
pose
that
honoure
be
not
gyuen
at
this
day
as
the
auncyentes
dyde
of
olde
tyme
to
them
that
were
vertuous
/
but
begy●en
to
them
that
be
ryche
/
●et
there
can
no
man
take
away
from
hym
that
is
vertuous
/
but
that
he
ought
to
be
commended
in
the
same
/
&
gretely
alowed
in
his
vertue
.
And
also
euery
man
sayth
more
good
of
hym
/
and
more
reuerence
longeth
vnto
hym
than
men
showe
or
doo
vnto
hym
/
whiche
laude
&
praysynge
as
me
semeth
is
more
to
commende
than
the
other
/
thoughe
so
be
y●
he
●e
poore
and
the
other
ryche
/
to
whome
before
his
vysage
men
wyll
gyue
a
greate
recommendacyon
/
and
behynde
his
backe
wyll
curse
hym
for
his
vyces
.
And
so
to
y●
purpose
in
olde
tyme
theyr
vertues
was
theyr
worshyp
/
and
not
rychesse
/
wherfore
men
dyde
gretter
payne
in
those
dayes
for
to
gete
vertues
/
th●
rychesses
or
ony
other
treasures
And
of
this
we
haue
in
the
storyes
of
Rome
by
the
wyll
of
all
the
Senatours
/
that
is
to
saye
of
al
the
prynces
of
the
counsayle
/
was
ordeyned
that
this
noble
knyght
Cyronatus
for
his
grete
vertues
&
manhode
was
chosen
\ to
be
made
a
dyctatoure
/
whiche
was
the
greatest
estate
of
Rome
/
lyke
as
a
man
myght
say
an
emperour
/
whiche
story
is
ryght
profytable
to
be
herde
/
as
●ytus
●yuyus
sayth
/
to
them
that
desyre
manhode
&
worshyp
/
more
than
rychesse
▪
for
he
was
a
passynge
famous
man
/
&
yet
he
was
ryght
poore●●nd
for
his
grete
manhode
&
worthynes
/
he
was
the
man
in
the
worlde
that
the
Romaynes
had
moost
the
trust
i●
▪
And
for
bycause
that
he
was
so
gretely
trusted
amonge
the
Romaynes
/
it
happened
that
a
grete
hoost
of
theym
of
Rome
whiche
were
sente
ayenst
theyr
enemyes
/
were
so
sore
constrayned
by
theyr
enemyes
that
they
were
fayne
to
take
a
relde
and
dyche
it
\
And
pale
it
aboute
too
saue
them
from
theyr
enemyes
▪
And
when
they
of
Rome
herde
therof
they
toke
out
a
nombre
of
knyghtes
with
a
grete
multytude
of
people
for
to
sende
to
the
rescowes
ot
theyr
people
that
were
besyeged
/
than
were
they
dystytute
of
a
good
cheuetayne
▪
where
vpon
they
sente
vnto
the
house
of
this
worthy
man
whiche
dwelled
without
Rome
&
there
they
founde
hym
in
ryght
symple
maner
consyderynge
the
grete
estate
of
his
persone
/
neuerthelesse
as
soone
as
he
herde
of
the
grete
daungere
of
the
people
that
were
besyeged
/
forth
withall
he
toke
these
knyghtes
&
the
people
whiche
was
assygned
by
the
Cyte
&
wente
to
the
felde
▪
And
to
speke
shortely
of
this
matter
what
by
his
wysdome
&
his
manhode
dyscomfyted
them
that
had
besyeged
the
Romaynes
/
and
whan
they
were
dyscomfyted
he
departed
the
good
that
was
goten
in
the
felde
amonge
his
people
whiche
were
causers
of
the
dyscomfyture
of
the
felde
/
and
not
to
them
that
were
besyeged
for
he
blamed
them
gretely
/
&
he
deposed
the
consule
the
led
them
of
his
offyce
/
for
bycause
he
wolde
●ustre
hym selfe
to
be
besyeged
in
his
lodgynge
/
whiche
lodgynge
he
had
enforced
with
dyches
and
a
grete
pale
:
Than
he
sayd
that
man
was
not
worthy
to
haue
an
offyce
of
so
grete
a
dygnyte
&
worshyp
as
to
be
a
consule
to
suffre
hymselfe
to
be
closed
aboute
/
he
hauynge
suche
a
people
with
hym
/
but
trusted
moore
in
his
pa●e
&
his
dyches
than
in
the
manhode
of
his
people
/
&
also
the
armes
of
the
Romaynes
were
not
acustomed
to
be
worne
in
places
closed
.
¶
●et
of
the
same
that
the
auncyent
men
praysed
more
the
vertues
than
ryches
/
Ualere
telleth
in
the
thyrde
chapytre
of
his
fourthe
boke
of
a
noble
knyght
that
was
of
a
worshypfull
lygnage
that
after
the
tyme
that
he
hadde
doone
many
notable
dedes
of
hyghe
and
myghty
hatyles
a
yenste
the
Uolques
/
&
in
other
places
also
/
and
taken
one
of
theyr
castelles
●
whiche
was
passynge
myghty
and
stronge
that
was
called
●onolon
for
whiche
cause
afterwarde
he
was
named
●onolannus
in
his
sure
name
/
whiche
was
a
grete
rewarde
for
his
demerytes
and
a
grete
worshyp
in
those
dayes
&
that
worshyp
he
refused
not
.
But
as
for
other
grete
rewardes
of
good
he
sette
not
by
it
/
for
it
was
offred
hym
after
the
customes
of
Rome
whiche
was
ordeyned
for
worshypful
men
that
had
deserued
an
hondred
Iournays
of
londe
/
that
is
to
knowe
as
moche
londe
as
a
ploughe
myght
ere
in
an
hondred
dayes
.
Also
he
sholde
haue
.
x.
prysoners
of
the
best
that
he
wolde
chose
of
them
that
were
taken
at
that
tyme
/
and.
x.
ryche
horses
wel
armed
and
ordeyned
for
the
warre
and.
x.
grete
oxen
/
and
as
moche
syluer
as
he
myght
bere
/
but
of
all
this
wolde
he
none
but
a
prysoner
that
had
ben
his
hoste
that
had
done
hym
grete
fauoure
before
tyme
/
whiche
he
thought
to
quyte
/
for
his
goodnes
/
and
soo
he
dyde
/
for
he
pardoned
hym
of
his
pryson
/
&
gaue
hym
a
good
courser
for
to
here
hym
in
to
batayle
and
nede
were
●●●r
whiche
vertue
Ualere
saythe
that
men
wyst
neuer
of
whiche
he
gate
more
worshyp
/
of
that
that
he
chase
/
or
elles
of
that
that
he
refused
/
that
is
to
know
of
takyng
so
lytell
/
or
refusynge
of
to
grete
a
gyfte
.
¶
pet
of
the
same
/
and
howe
men
worshypped
in
olde
tyme
the
worshypfull
knyghtes
after
theyr
.
desertes
.
COntynuynge
our
purpose
that
in
olde
tyme
the
auncyentes
loued
better
worshyp
than
ryches
lyke
as
euery
worshypful
man
ought
to
do
/
Ualere
speketh
of
the
last
Sypyon
Auffrycan
.
I
say
the
last
for
bycause
there
were
two
Sypyons
whiche
were
bothe
so
worthy
that
no
man
coude
well
deserne
the
one
from
the
other
in
worthynes
.
And
for
bocause
that
bothe
of
them
conquered
Affryke
by
grete
trauayle
&
many
batayles
wherof
the
fyrst
conquered
it
for
the
Romayns
/
and
after
that
it
was
rebelled
.
The
other
conquered
it
agayne
with
grete
dyf
fyculte
/
Neuertheles
they
were
bothe
called
Affrykans
/
But
this
last
destroyed
the
Cyte
of
Cartage
/
&
the
cyte
also
of
Mu
nya●●ce
/
and
helde
warre
ayenst
the
gaules
whiche
ben
called
nowe
Frensshe
men
.
And
he
warred
also
ayenst
the
Lumbardes
&
had
the
vyctory
of
them
.
So
after
all
these
vyctoryes
he
wolde
departe
the
honoures
&
the
goodes
to
the
knyghtes
whiche
had
ben
at
the
conquestes
.
Then
he
commaunded
lyke
as
was
the
vsage
at
the
tyme
that
men
sholde
brynge
vnto
the
cheuetayne
or
to
the
prynce
of
the
batayle
all
the
worshypfull
actes
that
the
worshypful
knyghtes
&
men
of
warre
dyde
/
for
there
were
certay
ne
men
lyke
as
we
may
say
herawdes
nowe
a
dayes
/
whiche
were
ordeyned
to
do
suche
thynges
/
&
they
had
greate
charge
for
to
take
good
hede
whiche
men
dyde
theyr
deuoyre
to
the
entente
that
they
myght
be
wel
rewarded
after
theyr
del●rtes
/
&
suche
as
dyde
not
theyr
parte
sholde
be
rebuked
/
so
amonge
all
other
there
was
one
knyght
that
quyt
hymselfe
so
well
in
the
felde
that
some
sayd
he
had
wel
deserued
a
certayne
Iewel
of
golde
that
was
ordeyned
to
be
worne
vpon
the
arme
of
suche
folkes
as
had
done
suche
semblable
prowesses
as
he
had
done
/
&
this
Iewell
was
called
Armel●es
.
Than
Sypyon
made
enquyre
of
this
knyght
whyder
he
had
done
ony
grete
prowesse
before
that
tyme
/
or
elles
that
suche
aduenture
happened
fall
to
him
at
that
season
/
than
it
was
founde
that
it
was
the
fyrst
grete
prowesse
that
euer
he
dyde
before
/
but
they
sayd
that
hym
semed
to
be
of
good
wyl
&
of
manly
courage
.
Sypyon
thought
he
wolde
assay
hym
/
&
lete
call
hym
vnto
his
●lence
&
made
to
gyue
hym
a
some
of
golde
/
lyke
as
we
myght
say
of
Florynts
/
ryght
largely
&
plenteously
/
&
sayd
to
hym
y●
shalte
●e
payde
lryches
for
thy
good
dede
/
but
not
in
worshyp
when
this
knyght
whiche
had
receyued
the
golde
herde
hym
say
so
/
he
was
shamefast
&
passynge
sory
.
And
anone
he
toke
the
golde
and
cast
it
downe
at
the
fete
of
Stypyon
▪
●hen
it
was
asked
hym
whyther
he
had
leuer
to
be
rewarded
and
worshyped
by
the
sygnes
of
manhode
and
prowesse
/
or
elles
to
be
rewarded
in
money
for
his
noble
dedes
/
he
sayd
he
had
leuer
haue
worshyp
than
the
rewarde
of
money
▪
●hen
Stypyon
praysed
hym
gre
tely
and
loued
hym
better
than
he
dyde
before
▪
And
for
bycause
that
he
sholde
be
constaunt
and
perseuerynge
in
armes
made
gyue
hym
the
sygne
of
syluer
whiche
was
ordeyned
for
them
that
had
done
semblable
actes
of
the
prowesse
that
he
had
done
hymselfe
at
y●●ournay
/
and
had
hym
that
he
sholde
contynewe
&
gete
another
that
was
made
of
golde
/
&
other
sygnes
also
that
was
ordeyned
for
them
that
were
worshypfull
.
And
Stypyon
shewed
this
/
for
bycause
the
honoure
ought
not
to
be
gyuen
entyerly
for
one
good
dede
/
whiche
by
aduenture
cometh
at
some
one
tyme
but
he
wolde
that
it
sholde
parseuer
in
manly
dedes
&
good
werkes
●
Howe
Lechery
&
delytes
ben
often
tymes
cause
to
dystrowble
a
man
that
he
maye
not
gete
worshyp
and
valyaunce
Capitulo
.
xliiii
.
●
Or
to
gete
worshyp
he
that
desyreth
to
optayne
it
in
armes
/
in
whiche
matter
we
be
in
this
party
of
the
boke
●nd
semblably
in
all
maners
that
worshyp
may
be
founde
in
lyke
as
a
man
ought
to
pursue
all
thynges
that
ben
couenable
to
come
to
worshyp
/
in
lyke
wyse
he
sholde
eschewe
al
thynges
that
may
lette
hym
from
it
/
or
trouble
hym
of
his
entente
▪
And
for
bycause
that
I
fynde
in
wrytynge
the
amonge
all
other
vyces
the
vyce
of
delyte
&
Lechery
is
that
moost
draweth
a
waye
the
good
dedes
of
them
whiche
had
begon
of
longe
tyme
before
to
profyte
in
worshyp
/
notwithstondynge
lyke
as
I
haue
treated
here
tofore
in
spekynge
to
prynces
/
&
nowe
is
necessary
to
proced
of
all
other
the
occupy
the
●eate
of
armes
.
And
that
it
is
necessary
also
to
shewe
howe
they
sholde
eschewe
these
vyces
before
rehersed
/
we
wyl
brynge
to
mynde
dyuers
ensamples
whiche
ben
founde
in
storyes
●t
auncyentes
.
¶
The
hoost
of
the
grete
Anth
y●cus
kynge
of
Perce
&
Dayse
/
happened
by
dyuerse
tymes
●o
ouercome
the
Romaynes
/
and
often
tymes
put
them
in
grete
affraye
▪
And
after
that
they
had
by
dyuers
tymes
ouerco
me
them
in
the
partyes
of
Grece
▪
they
wente
to
reste
them
al
the
wynter
in
●alcedy
/
in
whiche
londe
the
vyces
aboue
rehereto
were
gretely
vsed
/
that
is
to
say
▪
●●
delytes
/
in
lechery
/
in
play
es
and
dysportes
as
longe
as
wynter
lasted
/
in
soo
moche
that
the
people
of
this
hoost
afore
sayd
were
made
passynge
softe
in
theyr
dedes
▪
Then
it
happened
as
Macrobe
saythe
/
when
Anthyocus
the
prynce
wolde
haue
gone
agayne
vnto
the
warre
vpon
the
Romaynes
/
toke
the
mustres
to
●e
the
strengthe
and
the
noblesse
of
his
hoost
/
and
asked
of
Hanyball
whiche
was
at
that
tyme
with
hym
whether
he
had
people
ynowe
with
hym
for
to
fyght
with
the
Romaynes
/
to
whome
Hanyball
answered
saynge
that
he
had
people
ynowe
/
notwithstondynge
that
he
was
ryght
a
couetous
man
.
But
this
answere
was
not
suffycyent
to
the
entente
of
Anthyocus
/
For
he
wolde
haue
asked
wheder
he
had
puyssaunce
ynoughe
to
ouercome
the
Romaynes
.
And
hanybal
whiche
had
by
dyuerse
tymes
proued
theyr
strenst
the
and
vertue
and
lawe
that
the
knyghtes
of
Anthyocus
were
fallen
in
to
grete
delytes
and
pleasaunces
/
and
more
full
of
boostynge
than
of
good
dedes
of
knyghthode
answered
and
sayd
/
The
Romaynes
ought
to
holde
them
contente
with
the
rychesse
that
was
in
the
hoost
/
notwithstondynge
that
they
were
ryght
couetous
people
/
and
it
happened
euen
to
be
so
as
he
extemed
.
For
notwithstondynge
that
this
prynce
whiche
in
storyes
is
called
the
grete
Anthyocus
was
so
ryche
&
of
so
grete
myght
that
he
sente
in
a
batayle
ayenst
the
Romaynes
an
hondred
and
nyne
olyfauntes
whiche
bare
euery
of
them
a
towre
●●
his
backe
made
of
tymbre
in
whiche
was
grete
multytude
o●
men
of
armes
▪
&
his
hoost
was
so
grete
that
it
couered
most
tay●les
and
valayes
/
yet
was
he
at
the
last
ouercomen
with
the
Romaynes
.
¶
yet
to
this
purpose
that
delytes
and
●uer
grete
ca●●●
maketh
lesse
and
febleth
the
courages
of
men
/
some
saye
that
the
Cyte
of
Uolques
was
ryght
ryche
and
well
enuyronned
with
walles
/
and
as
in
goodes
it
was
the
rychest
●●te
of
all
the
londe
of
●
crussye
/
but
by
the
grete
mordynate
rychesse
it
was
enclyned
all
to
delytes
and
Lechery
/
for
the
whiche
as
soone
as
these
vyces
had
domynacyon
it
felte
in
de●●yne
/
by
the
whiche
it
wexed
feble
in
defence
of
it selfe
/
for
whiche
cause
it
was
subdued
by
bonde
men
/
wherfore
it
is
to
be
noted
that
by
the
inconuenyentes
of
this
vyce
foloweth
many
grete
myscheues
/
for
the
whiche
euery
man
that
is
worshypfull
ought
to
take
hede
to
eschewe
that
euyll
vyce
/
whiche
maye
be
cause
of
takynge
awaye
of
grete
honoure
of
pryuces
/
and
in
lyke
wyse
of
all
other
persones
.
¶
Howe
the
olde
auncyentes
guerdoned
the
good
dedes
of
worthy
men
after
theyr
desertes
/
and
not
after
tauoure
.
And
also
●●
the
honoures
that
they
dyde
vnto
hym
.
Capitulo
.
xlv
.
NOwe
to
come
agayne
to
our
fyrste
purpose
that
the
good
men
of
armes
ought
rather
to
loue
worshyp
than
ony
other
thynges
/
we
haue
proued
ryght
ynough
/
and
haue
shewed
by
dyuers
ensamples
howe
the
olde
worshypfull
men
were
courtyse
for
to
gete
worshyp
/
and
also
howe
they
were
rewarded
for
theyr
good
dedes
:
And
yet
we
wyll
shewe
one
ensample
howe
these
rewardes
were
gyuen
without
fauoure
.
Ualere
sayth
that
whan
a
noble
man
of
Rome
that
was
called
●alpurynus
●yse
/
was
made
consule
&
prynce
of
a
grete
hoost
/
&
by
his
manhode
&
prowesse
had
delyuered
●●cyle
by
dyuers
grete
batayles
/
&
sholde
come
to
gyue
the
rewardes
to
his
people
after
the
Romayne
customes
euery
man
after
his
deseruynge
.
This
sayd
●alpurynus
had
a
sone
whiche
was
ryght
a
worthy
knyght
/
&
for
the
good
dedes
that
he
had
done
in
the
batayle
/
they
that
were
reportours
of
the
worshypfull
actes
that
men
dyde
/
Iuged
hym
a
crowne
of
golde
&
sayd
that
he
had
ryght
well
deserued
it
.
But
the
fader
dyde
longe
debate
ayenst
it
/
and
sayd
that
the
other
had
deserued
▪
it
better
than
he
/
notwithstondynge
at
the
last
thoughe
the
fader
were
neuer
so
sore
ayenst
it
/
yet
of
very
ryght
was
Iuged
,
hym
to
be
rewarded
with
the
crowne
by
the
comon
voyce
/
and
▪
trust
truely
he
had
leuer
haue
worne
that
crowne
as
they
vsed
to
were
them
in
those
dayes
than
to
haue
ben
rewarded
with
a
grete
some
of
golde
.
¶
yet
more
of
the
honoure
that
men
dyde
in
that
tyme
to
suche
as
were
worshypfull
warryoures
/
whiche
worshyp
was
more
desyred
than
ony
other
thynge
in
the
worlde
at
that
tyme
.
Ualere
telleth
whan
that
ony
man
had
done
ony
dede
in
armes
passynge
ony
other
men
in
valyaunce
and
worthynesse
.
The
Romaynes
caused
to
make
his
ymage
ryght
nobly
and
set
it
in
a
certayne
place
of
worshyp
whiche
was
ordeyned
for
the
nones
/
and
vnder
them
made
wryte
theyr
names
and
theyr
sure
names
and
the
grete
pryncypall
dedes
that
they
had
done
/
&
thus
they
dyde
for
bycause
they
sholde
alway
be
had
in
mynde
/
&
that
other
men
sholde
take
ensample
of
theyr
worthynesse
/
to
that
entente
that
they
sholde
payne
themselfe
for
to
gete
worshyppes
&
honoures
/
&
in
lyke
wyse
they
dyde
by
the
clerkes
.
For
&
there
were
ony
solempne
phylosophre
or
ony
man
or
woman
that
passed
other
soueraynely
in
shotynge
or
in
ony
scyence
lyke
as
the
sage
sybyle
/
or
elles
a
werke
man
the
cou
●e
●arue
ymages
that
neuer
was
sene
none
suche
before
they
had
▪
certayne
thynges
ordeyned
for
the
nones
/
whiche
was
gret●
worshyp
to
them
&
caused
them
to
set
theyr
attendaunce
more
ententyfely
vpon
theyr
occupacyon
.
¶
And
thus
as
ye
here
they
were
set
in
those
dayes
all
in
couetyse
of
worshyp
/
whiche
coue
tyse
Ualere
preueth
by
ensample
that
the
vertuous
man
wyl
certaynly
that
honour●
lawde
/
and
reuerence
be
gyuen
to
hym
lyke
as
we
may
say
by
Sypyon
Affrycan
the
ryght
vertuous
man
whiche
made
sette
the
ymage
and
the
fygure
of
Enn●us
the
poete
amonge
the
ymages
of
the
noble
men
of
his
lygnage
for
bycause
that
he
had
commended
in
his
dytees
the
noble
actes
of
this
Sypyon
Affrycan
.
¶
And
for
bycause
that
some
men
myght
say
ayenst
this
opynyon
arguynge
that
honoure
and
glory
ought
not
to
be
desyred
in
this
worlde
/
but
be
holden
as
for
nought
.
Ualere
sheweth
howe
they
whiche
in
theyr
bookes
techeth
/
that
glory
and
honoure
〈…〉
de
be
sette
at
nought
/
desyre
it
themselfe
and
wolde
haue
it
as
other
haue
/
and
sayth
in
this
wyse
that
glory
is
not
dyspysed
of
them
that
enforce
themselfe
to
teche
the
dyspysynge
o●
the
same
/
for
they
set
the
names
of
them
dylygently
in
theyr
volumes
and
bookes
whiche
they
haue
drawne
out
and
wryten
and
commendeth
the
dyspysynge
of
glorye
,
in
lowynge
them
that
sette
not
therby
/
yet
notwithstondynge
they
wolde
haue
glory
/
for
bycause
that
they
wolde
drawe
to
mynde
theyr
names
by
wrytynge
in
theyr
bokes
▪
And
so
to
conclude
this
chapytre
we
saye
that
the
good
&
worshypfull
men
ought
and
may
desyre
glory
/
and
in
dede
they
wyll
haue
it
&
they
may
/
notwithstondynge
y●●oece
in
the
thyrde
boke
of
consolacyon
/
in
y●
.
●●●
prose
holdeth
ayenst
&
dyscommende
th
them
that
to
inordynately
secheth
worldely
glory
/
&
not
without
cause
as
to
the
spyrytuall
lyfe
.
But
for
to
lyue
morally
after
the
actyfe
lyuynge
it
is
no
vyce
who
that
desyreth
it
for
a
Iuste
cause
.
¶
Here
it
speketh
of
the
syxte
good
condycyon
that
the
worthy
man
of
armes
ought
to
haue
.
Capitulo
.
xlvi
.
THe
syxte
good
condycyon
that
the
good
man
of
▪
armes
ought
to
haue
as
I
haue
sayd
here
tofore
is
that
h●
sholde
be
wyse
/
well
aduysed
/
&
cautelous
in
dedes
▪
that
maye
fall
in
armes
/
and
in
all
maner
feates
of
knyghthode
/
And
for
bycause
that
we
wyll
brynge
to
mynde
by
ensample
the
cautelous
dedes
of
knyghthode
/
&
worthy
men
that
dyde
the
grete
conquestes
and
grete
thynges
in
theyr
tyme
/
whiche
maye
be
causers
to
brynge
suche
thynges
agayne
to
mynde
/
to
that
entente
that
they
in
tyme
that
nowe
is
maye
vse
suche
feates
&
not
to
be
deceyued
in
them
/
we
wyll
shewe
you
here
after
folowynge
lyke
as
auctoures
recyteth
/
&
also
Ualere
that
nameth
suche
subtyltees
to
ouercome
&
noye
his
enemy
Stratagones
.
But
the
fyrst
ensample
we
wyll
speke
of
●hylostratus
that
was
duke
of
Athenes
/
whiche
as
sto
ryes
sayth
was
ryght
subtell
&
well
aduysed
in
all
thynges
/
&
specyally
in
the
feate
of
warre
▪
●or
true
it
was
that
they
of
a
Cyte
of
Grece
that
was
called
●egara
/
bare
it
forthe
vnder
dys●y●ulacyo●
▪
But
in
the
tyme
of
this
●hylostratus
they
of
Megera
thought
by
a
certayne
wyle
to
fynde
a
meane
to
be
auenged
vpon
them
of
Athenes
/
for
they
had
not
forgoten
the
grete
hurtes
and
greues
that
they
had
done
them
before
tyme
/
so
they
remembred
them
that
the
people
of
Athenes
were
yerely
acustomed
to
go
in
to
the
yle
of
●uletre
/
where
the
lady
of
Athenes
wente
on
pylgrymage
at
a
certayne
day
in
the
yere
/
where
vpon
they
of
Megera
lete
ordayne
theyr
nauye
of
shyppes
&
/
thought
they
wolde
auenge
them
on
theyr
enemyes
semynge
to
them
that
the
Athenyences
wolde
take
no
hede
of
suche
thynges
▪
But
this
Phylostrates
duke
of
Athenes
whiche
hadde
a
knowlege
of
this
thynge
ordeyned
that
the
ladyes
sholde
holde
theyr
purpose
lyke
as
they
had
acustomed
before
tyme
/
&
that
they
sholde
make
gretter
araye
&
gretter
feest
than
they
vsed
be
fore
tyme
to
the
purpose
that
they
of
Megera
sholde
not
thynke
they
were
escaped
.
So
this
●hylostratus
toke
to
hym
a
good
felawshyp
of
men
of
armes
and
wente
before
in
to
the
〈…〉
▪
&
put
hym
in
a
busshement
/
and
anone
as
the
men
of
Megera
were
come
to
londe
he
brake
his
busshement
and
felle
vpon
his
enemyes
and
slue
them
euerychone
.
And
whan
this
was
done
●hylostratus
entred
in
to
theyr
shyppes
/
and
toke
with
hym
many
of
the
ladyes
that
were
best
besene
and
rychest
arayed
and
toke
his
course
towarde
Megera
/
to
that
entente
that
they
of
Megera
sholde
vnderstonde
that
it
was
theyr
owne
people
for
bycause
they
sawe
soo
many
ladyes
come
with
theym
/
and
supposed
also
that
they
had
gotten
grete
goodes
withall
.
For
they
knewe
well
theyr
owne
nauye
&
theyr
tokens
/
&
for
the
grete
Ioye
that
they
had
of
this
dede
euery
man
drewe
to
the
porte
and
they
wente
hastely
to
londe
and
kylled
and
slue
the
moost
partye
of
the
people
.
And
anone
after
toke
the
cyte
.
¶
●aryus
that
was
chosen
kynge
of
Perce
and
Mede
for
the
n●y●nge
of
his
horse
/
assembled
syxe
hondred
thousande
men
/
as
Iustyne
sayth
in
his
seconde
boke
for
to
destroye
the
Athenyences
and
theyr
londe
.
They
of
Athenes
herde
therof
sente
for
socours
to
Lacedemone
and
to
other
londes
but
they
taryed
passynge
longe
.
Then
●yl●yades
that
was
at
that
tyme
duke
of
Athenes
whiche
made
to
nomble
his
people
and
founde
that
he
had
but
x.
thousande
of
his
owne
men
/
and
a
thousande
of
straungers
yet
this
worshypfull
man
hadde
more
trust
to
renne
vpon
his
enemyes
then
to
tary
for
the
helpe
of
them
that
were
comynge
notwithstondynge
many
of
his
men
helde
a
yenst
it
incuerthelesse
he
wente
so
hastely
vpon
them
that
or
they
coude
beware
or
make
themselfe
redy
they
were
amonge
them
&
toke
them
out
of
ara
ye
in
suche
wyse
that
they
were
dyscomfyted
/
soo
by
this
good
wyle
and
manhode
.
xi
.
thousande
dyscomfyted
syxe
hondred
thousande
of
the
Percyens
.
¶
Ualere
sayth
that
Ha
nyball
the
Emperoure
of
Cartage
hated
gretely
the
ryght
no
ble
Romayne
prynce
that
was
named
Fabyus
●aximus
for
bycause
that
he
hadde
done
hym
many
greuous
hurtes
in
ba
tayle
/
and
at
all
tymes
made
grete
resystence
ayenst
his
grete
hoost
.
And
●ytus
●ynyus
sayth
also
that
he
was
the
prynce
in
Rome
that
Hanyball
moost
hated
.
This
sayd
Fabyus
was
a
dyctatour
whiche
was
the
soueraynest
offyce
of
Rome
&
led
with
hym
a
grete
hoost
where
so
euer
he
wente
.
Then
this
ha
nyball
bethought
hym
on
a
wyle
and
laboured
sore
for
to
noye
Fabyus
/
so
that
he
toke
his
hoost
&
wente
in
to
ytaly
/
and
destroyed
all
the
lowe
countre
what
with
sworde
&
fyre
excepte
the
londes
&
maners
of
the
dyctatour
Fabyus
Marymus
/
to
that
entente
that
they
of
Rome
sholde
haue
a
suspeccyon
that
there
were
made
some
alyaunce
amonge
them
/
and
yet
he
dyde
more
for
he
founde
a
waye
to
sende
to
Rome
a
letter
closed
whiche
came
to
the
hondes
of
the
counsaylours
of
Rome
and
was
dyrected
to
Fabyus
from
Hanyball
whiche
was
not
at
that
ty
in
the
●yte
/
and
it
semed
by
the
contynewe
of
the
letters
that
there
had
ben
bytwene
them
grete
famylyaryte
&
promyses
/
by
the
whiche
it
semed
that
Hanyball
was
come
to
his
entent
But
and
the
Romaynes
had
not
knowne
the
grete
trouthe
of
Fabyus
/
&
the
grete
malyce
of
Hanyball
it
myght
haue
bene
cause
of
the
destruccyon
of
this
noble
prynce
.
¶
Of
the
wyse
connsayle
in
armes
that
knyghtes
sholde
vse
.
Capitulo
.
xlvii
.
●Owe
that
al
good
prynces
and
knyghtly
men
ought
to
be
well
aduysed
&
well
vnderstonde
of
the
condycyons
of
the
wysdome
/
&
the
malyce
of
his
aduersary
/
&
enquyre
yf
he
acustomed
to
vse
in
his
werkynges
cautelous
&
couerte
way
es
/
it
appereth
that
he
ought
to
do
it
by
suche
ensamples
as
to
loweth
/
whiche
ought
for
to
gyue
a
man
cause
for
to
kepe
hym selfe
from
suche
malycyous
persones
/
lyke
as
the
wyse
man
coum
sayleth
and
sayth
/
kepe
the
frome
that
persone
that
gouerneth
hymselfe
by
malyce
/
For
when
he
speketh
fayrest
to
the
/
take
best
hede
to
thyselfe
/
For
the
malycyous
man
fareth
as
a
catte
that
lyeth
longe
in
a
wayte
for
the
mo●●se
/
and
as
soone
as
he
is
ware
of
the
mo●●se
and
cast
for
to
take
her
/
he
wyll
wagge
his
tayle
as
it
were
for
loue
/
In
lyke
wyse
the
frawdelent
man
his
poynte
&
his
tyme
by
longe
space
/
but
whan
he
sethe
his
season
and
his
houre
than
wyll
he
laughe
vpon
hym
that
he
casteth
to
deceyue
/
&
sodaynly
he
wyl
renne
vpon
hym
/
lyke
as
it
is
wryten
of
a
kynge
that
was
lorde
of
a
grete
party
of
Grece
that
was
meruaylously
full
of
frawde
&
passynge
cautelous
▪
This
kynge
hated
moche
the
Romaynes
&
had
passynge
grete
enuye
to
them
.
But
for
bycause
that
he
durst
not
playnly
defye
them
for
theyr
grete
power
whiche
he
doubted
gretely
▪
vsed
a
wyle
and
fayned
hymselfe
gretely
to
be
theyr
frende
for
the
grete
reputacyon
that
he
herde
of
them
▪
For
he
knewe
well
that
there
was
nothynge
that
so
moche
ouercometh
the
herte
of
a
man
as
doth
fayre
gyftes
fro
whens
that
euer
they
come
/
wherfore
he
sente
them
often
tymes
grete
presentes
and
fayre
language
withall
to
the
pryncypall
counsaylours
of
Rome
.
And
by
this
meane
he
vnderstode
moche
of
theyr
werkynge
/
and
after
this
he
founde
many
dyuers
meanes
for
to
anoye
and
hurte
the
Romaynes
▪
But
whan
the
Romaynes
wolde
haue
gone
vpon
hym
for
to
haue
chastysed
hym
his
good
frendes
that
he
had
goten
before
at
Rome
were
alway
redy
for
to
answere
for
hym
&
made
his
peas
▪
And
vnder
this
four
me
he
was
ofte
tymes
saued
that
the
Romaynes
made
no
warre
vpon
hym
▪
●et
this
cautelous
kynge
dyde
more
/
for
he
fayned
hymselfe
that
he
had
grete
desyre
to
go
to
Rome
to
se
the
grete
magnyfycence
of
the
●y●e
/
&
offred
hymselfe
to
the
prynces
to
do
them
what
seruyce
that
he
coude
/
where
vpon
he
was
well
receyued
and
gretely
worshyp
●ed
/
&
as
longe
as
he
was
there
he
shewed
so
grete
frendeshyp
to
the
prynces
that
no
man
myght
shewe
more
▪
But
whan
th●●
come
to
hym
for
to
make
hym
ony
disporte
/
anone
he
wolde
make
dyscorde
amonge
them
/
and
fayned
to
euery
man
/
that
he
sayd
it
for
theyr
grete
profyte
/
and
prayed
them
to
kepe
it
secretely
/
tyll
they
sawe
theyr
tyme
/
in
so
moche
that
he
made
hate
amonge
them
/
and
whan
he
●awe
that
▪
he
had
set
hate
ynoughe
amon
ge
▪
them
&
that
he
had
well
aduysed
and
vnderstonde
the
ordy
daunce
and
the
rule
of
the
Cyte
he
toke
his
leue
and
departed
out
of
the
towne
▪
And
as
he
wente
out
of
the
gates
of
Rome
he
spake
so
lowde
that
many
men
herde
hym
/
sayenge
that
the
cyte
of
Rome
was
passynge
stronge
/
but
it
was
lyght
for
to
wyn
who
that
had
money
ynoughe
for
to
gyue
:
¶
This
ensample
is
to
be
noted
and
vnderstonde
that
of
hym
that
is
knowen
an
enemye
and
fraudelent
withall
.
And
also
that
he
wyll
be
redy
to
gyue
euyll
counsayle
/
man
beware
of
hym
.
For
●●yde
say
th
/
that
the
goddes
onely
wyll
be
apeased
onely
by
force
of
gyftes
.
¶
●et
to
the
same
purpose
.
Tarquynyus
the
kynge
of
Ro
me
had
holden
a
syege
longe
tyme
before
the
cyte
of
Galbyne
/
&
myght
in
no
wyse
gete
it
.
This
Tarquyne
had
a
sone
whiche
was
ryght
subtyll
and
thought
to
fynde
a
subtylte
for
too
gete
this
cyte
/
and
toke
a
knyfe
and
hurte
hymselfe
/
and
whan
he
had
so
done
he
sente
pryuely
in
to
the
cyte
/
and
shewed
them
howe
that
his
fader
the
kynge
had
beten
hym
/
&
farde
foule
with
hym
/
where
vpon
he
wolde
be
auenged
yf
he
myght
/
and
yf
it
lyked
theym
he
wolde
be
theyr
frende
with
all
his
power
/
and
prayde
them
that
they
wolde
receyue
hym
in
to
theyr
cyte
/
Then
they
of
the
cyte
supposed
that
he
had
sayd
trouthe
receyued
hym
with
grete
Ioy●
/
Then
he
made
a
greuous
complaynte
vpon
his
fader
▪
and
he
flatered
them
so
well
that
within
a
lytell
space
they
made
hym
as
a
mayster
of
the
Cyte
/
and
a
souerayne
.
and
whan
he
vnderstode
that
he
was
mayster
of
all
he
sente
a
messyngere
pryuely
to
his
fader
sayenge
/
that
cautele
ouercometh
all
thynge
▪
The
kynge
answered
nothynge
agayne
but
semed
that
he
was
al
pen
syfe
/
and
toke
this
messyngere
with
hym
in
to
a
garden
where
that
he
founde
many
popyes
/
then
he
toke
a
lytell
rodde
and
as
he
came
by
them
he
with
the
rodde
smote
or
theyr
hedes
/
and
he
wente
so
longe
aboute
that
at
the
last
he
smote
of
all
the
grete
popy
heedes
and
lefte
neuer
one
.
Then
the
messyngere
asked
of
the
kynge
wheder
he
wolde
ony
thynge
elles
to
his
sone
/
he
sayd
that
he
wolde
sende
noone
other
thynge
.
Then
the
messyngere
came
agayne
to
his
sone
&
sayd
that
his
fader
sente
hym
noo
answere
agayne
/
but
it
semed
by
his
countenaunce
that
he
was
wrothe
/
for
as
he
came
by
many
popyes
in
a
gardyne
he
wolde
alwayes
smyte
of
all
the
grete
hedes
that
he
founde
of
the
popyes
.
●he
sonne
vnderstode
wel
all
his
wordes
&
anone
he
founde
a
meane
to
make
a
surmyse
vpon
the
grettest
men
of
the
Cyte
sayenge
that
they
had
co●●●●red
ayenst
hym
/
and
wolde
delyuer
the
Cyte
and
hym
also
to
the
kynge
his
fader
/
&
anone
he
made
smyte
of
theyr
hedes
.
And
when
there
were
no
cheuetaynes
lefte
that
durst
say
nay
ayenst
hym
/
he
fayre
delyuered
the
Cyte
vnto
his
fader
.
And
of
this
story
dyuers
auctours
maketh
mencyon
/
and
namely
●y
tus
Lynyus
.
¶
Also
in
the
tyme
that
the
Cyte
of
Rome
was
taken
by
the
Gaules
/
whiche
nowe
ben
called
Frensshe
men
/
&
had
besyeged
the
Capytoll
whiche
was
imprenable
saue
onely
by
●am
yne
/
and
supposed
for
to
do
so
in
dede
.
But
the
Romaynes
that
were
wyly
people
for
to
put
theym
that
were
without
in
dyspayre
they
toke
suche
goodes
as
they
had
and
made
grete
rely●te
/
of
golde
/
of
brede
/
and
flesshe
/
and
of
al
maner
of
grey
ues
/
and
caste
it
out
ouer
the
walles
in
a
fayre
place
where
the
Frensshe
men
myght
fynde
it
.
●●d
when
the
frensshemen
saw
this
/
they
were
gretely
abasshed
/
and
demed
that
they
had
grete
plente
of
vytayles
within
them
/
whiche
in
dede
they
had
not
●hen
drewe
they
anone
to
treate
of
peas
¶
Also
Ualere
sayth
y●
Hanyball
before
or
he
fought
with
the
Romaynes
in
the
grete●
fyers
batayle
whiche
was
called
the
batayle
of
ye●ance
whiche
was
a
dolorous
&
a
heuy
day
for
the
Romaynes
/
he
vsed
thre
maner
of
wyles
.
For
the
fyrst
he
aduysed
that
he
wolde
haue
the
sone
on
his
backe
/
&
the
duste
also
whiche
was
passynge
grete
for
the
wynde
that
blewe
.
Another
wyle
he
ordeyned
y●
as
soone
as
the
batayle
began
to
Ioyne
a
parte
of
his
people
sholde
make
a
semblaunce
for
to
fle
/
&
soo
it
was
/
for
he
had
layde
a
busshement
y●
&
ony
man
folowed
them
they
sholde
renne
vpon
them
that
lay
in
the
busshement
/
&
so
it
happneed
to
fall
/
for
certayne
of
the
Romaynes
folowed
the
chace
&
came
there
as
the
busshement
lay
/
&
there
they
fell
on
the
Romaynes
&
slue
them
euerychone
.
Also
he
ordeyned
that
a
party
of
his
people
sholde
yelde
them
anone
in
goodly
wyse
to
the
Romaynes
/
&
so
they
dyde
.
●hen
as
the
maner
was
at
the
tyme
they
were
vnarmed
&
set
behynde
the
batayle
/
&
these
men
had
couertely
nexte
theyr
skynne
shorte
swordes
&
wel
cuttynge
/
&
whan
the
Romayns
were
on
honde
in
the
batayle
they
fayre
drewe
out
theyr
swordes
&
fell
behynde
them
&
cutte
theyr
legges
&
slue
moche
people
/
&
by
this
meane
sayth
Ualere
was
the
strength
of
Rome
ouercome
by
the
malyce
of
Affryke
.
¶
yet
ensample
of
the
wyse
cauteles
in
armes
.
PErycles
that
was
duke
of
Athenes
was
of
very
force
dryuen
by
them
of
●oloponense
in
to
a
place
that
was
closed
aboute
with
many
grete
mountayns
/
where
there
were
but
two
yssues
for
to
go
in
or
out
/
&
whan
he
sawe
that
he
was
thus
enclosed
/
anone
he
lete
make
ayenst
the
one
of
the
yssues
a
strenge
depe
dytche
semynge
that
it
was
made
for
bycause
that
his
enemyes
sholde
not
entre
in
at
that
place
.
●nd
at
the
other
yssewe
he
was
hymselfe
with
hys
people
as
they
wolde
yssewe
out
whan
theym
lyste
by
force
.
The
enemyes
whiche
supposed
that
he
wolde
not
yssewe
out
at
the
other
place
/
for
bycause
the
dytche
was
made
so
meruaylous
stronge
/
wente
all
to
the
other
ys●e
we
for
to
kepe
that
/
and
there
they
made
watche
that
they
sholde
not
come
out
.
Then
anone
Perycles
made
laye
ouer
brydges
of
Tymbre
that
he
had
/
lette
make
&
yssued
out
saufe
/
he
and
all
his
people
.
¶
Also
the
hoost
of
Rome
sholde
passe
by
the
forest
of
Latyne
for
to
go
vpon
them
of
Uoyens
And
when
they
of
Uoyens
sawe
that
/
they
wente
in
to
the
sayd
forest
and
sawed
many
of
the
trees
as
good
as
in
two
and
put
themselfe
in
a
busshement
fast
by
/
And
anone
as
the
hoost
of
the
Romaynes
was
entred
in
to
the
forest
the
Uoyens
assayled
out
on
euery
syde
and
put
downe
the
trees
that
were
nexte
theym
vpon
the
Romaynes
/
and
by
that
meanes
they
dyscomfyted
&
slue
all
the
Romayne
hoost
.
¶
Also
Alyxsaunder
the
kynge
of
Epyre
had
grete
warre
with
the
Elyryens
▪
And
vpon
a
tyme
he
bethought
hym
on
a
cautele
and
ordeyned
hym
a
grete
many
of
garmentes
suche
as
the
Elyryens
vsed
to
were
vpon
they●
harneys
▪
and
anone
lete
cast
them
vpon
his
owne
meyne
/
and
when
he
vnderstode
that
his
enemyes
were
come
nyghe
vnto
hym
/
he
commaunded
his
men
whiche
were
arayed
in
these
garmentes
/
&
commaunded
them
to
sette
fyre
in
the
houses
aboute
them
/
whiche
was
in
his
owne
londe
/
and
whan
the
Elyry
ens
sawe
that
the
houses
were
sette
on
fyre
they
supposed
that
it
had
ben
done
by
theyr
owne
felawshyp
/
for
bycause
they
were
arayed
in
suche
garmentes
as
they
vsed
/
and
ranne
fast
to
helpe
them
/
and
passed
thrughe
a
strayte
passage
for
to
come
to
them
/
And
there
this
sayd
Alysaundre
had
layde
a
grete
busshe
ment
▪
&
when
they
were
in
the
strayte
the
busshement
brake
vpon
them
▪
&
●lue
them
euerychone
.
¶
Also
they
that
fought
ayenst
●
people
that
were
called
Heryceres
/
toke
a
spye
of
theyr
enemyes
and
slue
hym
/
and
toke
all
his
clothes
and
caste
theym
vpon
one
of
theyr
owne
men
that
was
lyke
to
his
bygnes
/
and
made
hym
go●
vp
to
an
hyghe
hyll
where
he
myght
se
the
hoost
of
his
enemyes
/
and
anone
he
made
a
sygne
that
they
sholde
come
forthe
in
al
that
they
myght
/
&
so
they
dyde
.
For
they
wante
t●
had
ben
theyr
owne
spye
whiche
they
sente
forthe
/
&
so
by
this
meane
they
were
ouerth
▪
owne
/
for
they
came
amonge
the
busshe
ment
of
theyr
enemyes
/
where
they
were
all
slayne
and
taken
.
¶
Also
Leutulus
had
nede
of
sowdyours
and
so
he
waged
a
certayne
nombre
of
men
of
Macydone
/
And
whan
this
Lentulus
was
somwhat
approched
nyghe
his
enemyes
▪
they
of
Ma
cedone
whiche
doubted
to
haue
the
worse
of
the
batayle
departed
out
of
the
hoost
for
to
go
to
the
other
partye
/
And
whan
Leu
tulus
sawe
this
myschete
/
anone
he
made
all
the
hoost
folowe
them
in
ordynaunce
of
batayle
/
whan
the
enemyes
sawe
them
come
on
/
vnder
suche
fourme
/
they
supposed
that
they
of
Ma
cedone
came
vpon
them
to
begyn
the
batayle
for
bycause
that
they
came
so
before
the
other
/
&
forth
withall
they
shotte
&
can
theyr
dartes
in
all
that
euer
they
myght
/
where
as
they
thought
for
to
haue
yelded
them
before
/
&
with
that
Leutulus
came
on
with
his
people
/
&
by
the
meane
he
had
the
felde
&
dyscomfyted
his
enemyes
¶
yet
of
the
same
.
AUlyus
Nobylyus
happened
on
a
tyme
to
be
so
sore
oppressed
with
his
enemyes
that
of
necessyte
he
was
compel
led
to
fyght
with
them
of
Samyte
/
whiche
had
a
passynge
grete
hoost
/
&
he
had
but
ryght
a
small
felawshyp
whiche
were
ryght
sore
aferde
for
bycause
they
sawe
themselfe
so
fewe
&
theyr
memyes
so
many
/
when
Aulyus
sawe
y●
gretefer●
of
his
people
remembred
hymselfe
vpon
a
wyle
&
sayd
vnto
them
/
●yrs
quod
he
yonder
people
that
ye
se
ben
halfe
oures
/
for
I
haue
so
corrupte
them
with
good
that
within
a
whyle
they
wyll
tourne
to
our
part
ye
when
the
batayle
is
ones
begon
/
&
for
to
make
his
opy
nyon
good
he
borowed
all
the
money
that
he
coude
of
his
people
/
as
who
sayth
/
to
pay
all
the
leg
yon
of
people
●
he
had
goten
to
be
on
his
partye
.
●legyon
is
in
nombre
.
vi
〈…〉
vi
.
●
.
lxvii
.
&
in
truste
of
this
they
toke
them
suche
wyse
to
fyght
that
by
the
meanes
of
theyr
grete
courage
/
and
the
wysdome
of
Aulyus
they
had
the
vyctory
of
theyr
enemyes
.
¶
Also
●anymedas
the
duke
of
Thebes
sholde
fyght
ayenst
them
of
Lacedemone
/
&
for
bycause
that
he
wolde
encreace
the
courage
and
the
hardynesse
of
his
people
made
them
for
to
assemble
before
hym
in
a
certayne
place
.
And
there
he
shewed
vnto
them
howe
that
for
very
trouthe
the
Lacedemones
had
ordeyned
yf
so
were
that
they
had
the
vyctory
that
they
wolde
s●e
all
the
men
women
/
and
chyldren
of
the
Cyte
of
Thebes
/
for
whiche
cause
they
of
Thebes
whan
they
vnderstode
this
they
were
so
moued
with
angre
that
they
fought
lyke
wode
men
/
&
so
by
that
wyle
they
ouercame
theyr
enemyes
.
¶
And
yet
to
the
purpose
that
it
longeth
to
a
cheuetayne
or
to
a
condytoure
of
an
hoost
specyally
that
he
sholde
be
wy●e
and
well
aduysed
as
well
in
dede
as
in
worde
/
foloweth
the
ensample
as
ye
shall
here
afterwarde
/
whan
the
last
Affrycan
●hyppyon
ledde
his
hoost
by
see
in
to
Affryke
happened
as
he
wente
out
of
his
shyp
for
to
go
to
londe
/
he
tell
downe
flatte
on
the
Erthe
/
for
whiche
cause
his
people
were
strongly
abasshed
and
thought
they
sholde
not
spede
well
.
Then
this
wyse
prynce
whan
he
sawe
his
knyghtes
and
his
people
were
so
sadde
&
halfe
mated
in
theyr
opynyon
/
anone
he
thought
to
ease
theyr
hertes
and
layd
with
a
mery
spyryte
whan
he
was
vp
.
●oo
felawes
quod
he
/
here
is
a
sygne
of
possessyon
/
nowe
go
we
hens
my
good
knyghtes
/
for
I
haue
now
wonne
Affryke
/
and
thus
he
recomforted
them
/
&
euen
as
he
sayd
it
fell
.
¶
Sertoryus
was
gone
with
a
grete
hoost
of
Romaynes
a
yenst
a
people
that
were
enemyes
to
●ome
/
and
sodaynly
there
appered
to
them
a
meruaylous
sygne
.
For
all
the
●he●des
of
the
men
of
armes
/
&
all
the
brestes
of
theyr
horses
semed
as
it
had
ben
al
blode
.
This
Sertoryus
whiche
was
a
wyse
cheuetayne
sawe
that
his
people
were
sore
aferde
/
and
had
grete
meruayle
of
this
straunge
sygne
/
sayd
vnto
them
with
a
glad
countenaunce
▪
●ow
blessyd
be
god
quod
he
/
for
I
vnderstonde
by
this
that
we
shal
haue
the
vyctory
of
our
enemyes
.
For
nowe
I
knowe
well
that
this
is
●
party
that
must
be
made
rede
with
the
blood
of
theyr
enemyes
¶
●et
for
to
speke
of
suche
folkes
that
ben
so
well
aduysed
that
by
theyr
good
wysdome
and
prety
cau●●les
can
put
away
euyl
suspeccyon
of
the
people
/
Ualere
sayth
/
whan
Hanyball
the
Em
peroure
of
Auffryke
and
Cartage
was
fledde
for
socoure
to
the
kynge
of
●rete
for
fere
of
the
Romaynes
after
that
the
good
for
tune
was
tourned
to
the
euyll
/
he
perceyued
that
they
of
the
sa
me
countre
had
enuye
at
hym
for
bycause
of
the
grete
vyctoryes
whiche
were
fortuned
hym
before
tyme
/
and
helde
hym
there
in
maner
for
suspecte
/
and
fered
hym
lest
he
wolde
take
ony
enterpryse
vpon
them
.
Anone
therfore
he
bethought
hym
vpon
a
wyle
to
put
them
in
a
suretye
that
they
sholde
haue
no
suspeccyon
vpon
hym
.
And
also
that
he
myght
saue
that
lytell
good
that
he
had
brought
with
hym
from
spoylynge
he
lete
take
●●
fers
and
certayne
ves●elles
&
fylled
them
full
of
leede
as
thoughe
it
had
ben
his
treasoure
/
his
Iewelles
/
and
his
vessel
/
and
brought
it
vnto
the
Temple
of
●yane
the
goddes
/
lyke
as
it
sholde
seme
that
he
was
ryche
ynoughe
to
withstonde
his
euyl
for
tune
/
for
whiche
cause
they
of
●rete
helde
them
euyll
content●
and
were
well
appeased
without
ony
suspeccyon
.
¶
Thus
endeth
the
seconde
parte
of
this
booke
.
¶
Here
begynneth
the
thyrde
partye
of
this
boke
/
whiche
is
redressed
to
the
vnyuersall
people
▪
The
fyrst
chapytre
speketh
how
that
all
maner
of
states
ought
to
be
gadred
as
one
.
●●
.
xlviii
.
AFter
the
matter
that
we
haue
spoken
of
here
tofore
whiche
touched
the
introduceyon
of
prynces
lyke
as
it
is
conteyned
in
the
fyrste
partye
of
this
boke
.
The
whiche
sayd
prynce
or
prynces
we
haue
taken
for
the
heede
of
the
body
of
Polycye
/
as
it
hathe
ben
shewed
here
tofore
.
/
¶
●nd
folowynge
after
that
/
in
the
seconde
partye
is
shewed
to
the
ensygnement
of
the
nobles
/
and
knyghtes
/
whiche
we
take
for
the
hondes
▪
and
the
armes
/
we
wyll
nowe
sewe
after
this
/
with
the
grace
of
god
to
shewe
in
the
thyrde
parte
of
this
boke
suche
matters
as
we
can
fynde
in
the
auctorytes
of
the
olde
auncyentes
/
for
the
welfare
and
profyte
of
suche
thynges
as
longeth
to
the
remenaunt
of
the
body
of
Polycye
.
That
is
to
knowe
of
the
vnyuersall
people
that
we
take
for
the
Bely
/
●or
the
legges
/
and
for
the
fete
/
to
that
entente
that
all
maye
be
refered
/
&
Ioyned
in
one
quycke
body
parfyte
and
hole
.
For
lyke
as
the
body
of
a
man
is
dyffectyfe
and
dyffourmed
when
he
lacketh
ony
of
his
membres
.
¶
In
lyke
wyse
the
body
of
Polycye
maye
not
be
parfyte
ne
entyre
if
these
estates
that
we
haue
spoken
of
here
tofore
be
not
well
Ioyned
and
assembled
all
in
one
/
so
that
euery
of
them
may
helpe
other
/
and
echone
of
them
to
excercyse
that
offyce
that
they
be
called
to
/
whiche
dyuers
offyces
ben
or
deyned
for
the
conseruacyon
of
all
the
hole
body
/
lyke
as
the
membres
of
a
mannes
body
helpeth
to
gouerne
and
nourysshe
all
the
body
/
and
as
soone
as
ony
of
them
fayleth
/
of
euery
necessyte
al
the
body
shall
fele
it
/
&
shal
be
dyseased
therby
▪
Now
we
must
shewe
the
manere
howe
the
last
partyes
of
the
sayd
body
may
be
maynteyned
in
helthe
&
prosperyte
▪
For
as
me
semeth
they
be
the
susteynours
&
bere
the
charge
of
all
the
surplus
of
the
sayd
body
/
wherfore
they
haue
nede
of
strengthe
and
myght
for
too
bere
the
weyght
of
the
other
partyes
▪
For
the
whiche
cause
as
we
haue
sayd
here
tofore
for
the
loue
and
the
charge
that
the
good
prynce
ought
to
haue
to
his
subiectes
and
his
people
/
and
also
of
the
offyce
of
the
nobles
whiche
ben
stablysshed
for
the
gar●e
and
defence
of
the
sayd
people
/
we
must
nowe
speke
of
the
loue
of
the
reuerence
/
and
obeysannce
that
the
good
people
ought
haue
to
theyr
prynce
/
wherfore
we
wyll
speke
vnyuersally
of
all
/
in
as
moche
as
this
matter
toucheth
to
all
estates
in
one
loue
/
in
one
reuerence
/
and
one
obeysaunce
.
¶
But
afterwarde
in
spekynge
somethynge
touchynge
the
augmentacyon
of
vertu
▪
in
theyr
lyuynge
/
&
the
maner
of
theyr
conuersacyon
may
happen
I
wyll
touche
thre
maner
of
states
dyfferenced
/
that
ben
in
specyall
as
none
in
the
sayd
vnyuersall
people
.
●nd
for
bycause
that
at
some
tyme
there
fall
murmuracyons
amonge
the
thre
estates
afore
sayd
/
That
is
to
knowe
the
Prynce
/
the
knyghthode
/
&
the
people
.
For
bycause
that
it
semeth
to
the
one
that
the
other
do
not
well
theyr
parte
in
theyr
offyces
/
for
whiche
cause
debate
myght
fall
amonge
theym
whiche
is
a
thynge
ryght
preiudycyable
whan
it
so
falleth
.
There
is
a
moralyte
fourmed
●maner
of
a
●able
to
the
same
purpose
.
¶
On
a
tyme
there
arose
a
grete
murmuracyon
bytwene
the
body
of
man
&
his
membres
.
●he
bely
playned
sore
of
the
membres
and
sayd
that
they
thought
harme
vnto
hym
&
that
they
kepte
hym
not
in
ease
as
they
sholde
do
.
The
membres
on
the
other
syde
playned
on
the
bely
and
sayd
that
they
were
very
wery
for
laboure
.
●nd
yet
all
that
euer
they
myght
laboure
/
in
goynge
/
in
comynge
/
and
trauaylynge
was
to
lytell
for
to
●ynoe
the
bely
/
for
he
wolde
haue
all
/
and
yet
they
myght
not
fyl
it
/
wherfore
they
sayd
that
they
wolde
no
more
suffre
suche
payne
ne●uche
laboure
as
they
had
done
before
/
●or
all
that
euer
they
myght
do
coude
not
fyll
the
bely
▪
wherfore
they
wolde
seale
of
theyr
werke
&
let
the
bely
gouerne
hymselfe
as
he
wolde
.
Then
the
membres
seased
of
theyr
laboure
/
and
the
bely
was
no
lenger
nourysshed
.
And
anone
the
bely
began
to
were
sene
/
and
the
membres
fayled
&
wexed
feble
.
And
thus
for
despyte
that
the
one
had
to
the
other
all
perysshed
togyder
.
In
lykewyse
it
must
fall
when
a
prynce
asketh
more
of
his
people
than
they
may
bere
/
whiche
shal
cause
the
people
to
murmure
ayenst
theyr
prynce
/
and
rebell
by
dysobeysauce
.
So
for
suche
maner
of
dyscorde
all
peryssheth
togyder
/
wherfore
I
conclude
y●
vnyo●
of
accorde
is
the
cōseruacyon
of
al
the
hole
body
of
Polycy
/
&
thus
wytnesseth
▪
Salust
whiche
sayth
that
by
cōcordelyte
/
thynges
encreas
&
by
dyscorde
grete
thynges
perysshe
&
fal
to
nought
.
¶
Of
the
dyfference
of
dyuerse
people
▪
Ca.
xlix
.
●●r
bycause
that
the
habytacyon
where
we
be
resydent
in
as
in
the
partyes
of
Fraunce
/
notwithstondynge
that
wrytynge
of
bookes
&
specyally
suche
bookes
as
toucheth
maners
&
doctrynes
whiche
ought
to
be
generall
to
the
dwellers
in
al
countrees
/
for
as
moche
as
bokes
be
profytable
&
borne
in
to
dyuers
countrees
&
regyons
/
it
shall
suffyse
vs
to
adresse
our
worde
&
doctryne
to
▪
the
people
of
Fraunce
/
whiche
worde
&
doctry
ne
may
semblably
serue
to
al
other
regyons
generally
yt
they
wyll
vnderstonde
it
after
the
entente
of
the
makynge
for
the
shewynge
of
good
ensample
/
for
the
londes
that
be
gouerned
by
men
thru
ghout
all
the
worlde
ben
subiecte
to
dyuers
establysshynges
after
the
olde
customes
of
countrees
.
Some
be
gouerned
by
●●●●●yō
of
Emperours
/
Other
be
gouerned
by
successyon
of
kynges
▪
&
some
by
one
meane
&
some
by
other
.
Also
there
be
●ytees
&
londes
that
haue
possessyon
in
lord●hyp
&
be
gouerned
by
prynces
suche
as
they
wyl
chose
amonge
themselve
/
&
some
londes
there
be
the
gouerne
themselve
more
by
wyl
than
by
reason
/
wherfore
it
happe
th
often
▪
tymes
the
lyke
as
they
chose
themselve
by
wyl
/
lykewyse
by
wyll
they
wyll
depose
them
agayne
/
&
this
gouernaunce
is
not
good
ne
profytable
for
the
welth
of
the
countre
that
it
is
vsed
in
/
lyke
as
i
yealy
▪
&
many
other
places
.
Other
there
be
also
that
be
go●●●ned
by
certayne
lygnages
of
ye●yte
that
is
called
nobles
/
&
they
wyl
suffre
none
other
amonge
than
but
of
the
lygnage
of
these
nobles
for
to
entre
into
theyr
counsayles
/
nor
to
haue
the
rule
of
theyr
ordynaunces
/
lyke
as
〈…〉
do
at
Uenyse
whiche
cyte
from
the
fyrst
foundacyon
hyder
to
was
neuer
gouerned
otherwyse
/
other
there
be
that
be
gouerned
by
theyr
olde
auncyentes
whiche
be
called
●●
▪
chcuy●s
/
&
in
some
places
the
small
people
gouerne
&
▪
ben
esta
blysshed
euery
yere
a
certayne
of
euery
crafte
/
&
I
byleue
that
suche
gouernaunce
is
not
al
y●●●st
profytable
/
&
also
it
is
not
sene
that
it
〈◊〉
longe
where
it
is
begon●●e
the
londe
where
suche
rule
is
●●●ay
〈…〉
●e
gretly
encrese
&
the
reason
is
good
●ut
nowe
I
wyl
leue
the
spekynge
hereof
for
bycause
of
shortnes
of
tyme
/
and
in
this
wyse
was
gouerned
Boloyne
de
grace
/
neuerthelesse
I
sholde
haue
to
moche
to
do
for
to
speke
party
culerly
of
euery
people
.
¶
But
for
to
chose
the
moost
couenable
establyshynge
of
the
goueruaunce
of
Polycye
/
is
onely
the
vnyte
of
the
people
/
as
Arystotle
sayth
in
the
thyrde
boke
of
polycy
kes●
For
he
sayth
y●
the
polycye
of
one
is
good
/
that
is
to
say
the
gouer
naunce
&
lordshyp
of
one
/
&
yet
he
sayth
it
is
but
lytel
good
but
of
many
it
is
full
harde
to
be
good
/
for
bycause
of
dyuers
opynyons
and
wylles
that
they
haue
\
Than
to
our
purpose
I
holde
the
people
of
Fraunce
ryght
well
blessyd
/
for
syth
the
tyme
that
it
began
fyrst
whiche
cometh
of
the
ys●ewe
of
Troya●s
/
it
was
neuer
gouerned
by
straunge
prynces
/
but
of
them
that
they
came
fyrst
of
from
heyre
to
heyre
/
for
they
haue
alwaye
regned
ouer
them
&
gouerned
them
/
lyke
as
it
appereth
in
the
olde
storyes
&
as
cronycles
maketh
m●ncyon
of
the
same
/
whiche
lordshyp
of
these
noble
prynces
of
●raunce
ben
to
the
people
as
a
thynge
very
naturall
●nd
for
that
cause
with
the
grace
of
god
it
is
so
the
amonge
all
the
royalmes
or
londes
of
the
worlde
the
people
of
Fraunce
ben
moost
naturall
and
best
loue
theyr
prynce
&
most
of
obeysaunce
/
whiche
is
ryght
a
synguler
and
specyal
vertue
and
grete
laude
vnto
them
/
and
in
that
they
deserue
grete
m●ryte
and
grace
.
¶
The
obeysaunce
that
people
on
〈…〉
●aue
to
theyr
prynce
.
Capitulo
.
l.
IT
pleaseth
euery
good
man
that
men
pr●yse
hym
in
his
goodnes
/
and
thoughe
he
be
praysed
i●●
maketh
no
matter
to
them
that
be
wyse
men
/
what
soeuer
on
y
man
saye
/
lyke
as
I
haue
sayd
before
/
for
it
causeth●
man
to
delyte
hymselfe
the
moore
in
goodnes
/
for
ly●t
as
the
wyse
men
whiche
ben
euryous
of
theyr
heele
wyll
haue
the
counsayle
of
physycyans
thoughe
so
be
that
they
fele
no
grefe
of
no
malady
/
but
yet
to
the
entente
that
they
may
lyue
in
welfare
&
helthe
/
lyke
them
to
haue
a
regemen
for
preseruynge
of
the
same●●hen
by
this
ensample
we
wyll
comforte
the
true
people
of
Fraunce
for
to
parseuer
in
the
good
&
faythfull
loue
that
they
haue
customably
at
all
tymes
to
theyr
ryght
noble
&
worthy
&
aboue
all
other
moost
redoubted
prynces
/
&
to
the
entente
that
they
shol
de
vnderstonde
&
knowe
that
in
so
doynge
to
theyr
prynces
,
they
do
as
vertuous
&
good
people
/
shall
be
shewed
here
a
declaracy
on
of
holy
scypture
&
other
ensamples
in
lyke
wyse
accordynge
to
the
same
.
¶
For
it
is
to
know
the
holy
scrypture
in
dyuers
places
sheweth
that
the
subiectes
sholde
meke
themselfe
&
be
redy
to
obey
theyr
prynces
and
soueraynes
/
&
saynt
Poule
speketh
of
the
same
in
a
pystle
that
he
sente
to
the
Romaynes
in
y●
.xiii.
chapytre
where
he
sayth
that
euery
creature
lyuynge
ought
to
be
subiecte
to
the
myghty
soueraynes
/
for
the
puyssaunce
the
prynces
haue
/
they
haue
it
by
the
ordynaunce
of
god●wherfore
who
that
resysteth
ayenst
theyr
power
he
stombleth
or
mysguydeth
hymselfe
ayenst
the
o●
dynaunce
of
god
.
●nd
yet
saynt
Poule
in
the
pystle
ad
titum
in
the
thyrde
chapytre
amonyssheth
&
connsayleth
the
comon
people
to
be
subiecte
to
theyr
prynces
&
to
the
grete
&
myghty
men
/
And
to
this
same
sentence
accordeth
saynt
Peter
in
his
fyrst
pystle●
in
the
seconde
chapytre
whiche
sayth
/
be
ye
subiectes
to
your
lordes
in
all
ferefull
drede
▪
●ut
to
the
entente
that
no
man
sholde
excu
se
hymselfe
in
sayenge
that
this
sholde
not
be
doone
but
to
suche
prynces
as
ben
good
▪
Saynt
Peter
declareth
playnly
saynge
in
this
wyse
/
let
vs
suppose
saythe
he
that
the
prynces
ben
euyll
vnto
you
&
cruell
/
yet
yelde
you
subiectes
to
hym
for
the
loue
of
god
/
&
specyally
to
the
kynge
as
the
moost
excellent
/
&
to
the
dukes
as
people
sente
by
god
/
for
the
vengeaunce
of
euyl
doers
/
&
to
the
laude
of
them
that
be
good
&
do
gode
dedes
/
&
for
bycause
that
s●me
people
myght
murmure
of
the
trewages
&
tayles
whiche
they
ought
pay
to
prynces
/
it
is
to
vnderstode
that
it
is
a
thynge
ordeyned
&
accepted
of
god
/
&
of
this
saynt
Peter
gyueth
ensample
●
holy
scrypture
&
sheweth
how
the
subiectes
ought
not
refuse
to
pay
that
is
ordeyned
by
the
prynces
/
&
of
this
same
speketh
saynt
Mathewe
in
the
euangyle
in
the
.
xxi●
.
chapytre
/
how
the
pharysees
made
aske
of
our
lorde
wheder
they
ought
to
pay
theyr
imposycyon
to
●ezar
the
emperoure
or
nay
.
Our
lorde
answered
them
agayne
&
sayd
/
yelde
to
●ezar
that
is
his
/
&
to
god
that
longeth
to
hȳ●o
this
is
to
vnderstonde
the
good
is
dewe
to
prynces
.
The
same
saynt
Mathewe
sayth
in
his
euangyle
/
in
the
.
xvii
.
chapytre
to
the
same
purpose
how
our
lorde
sent
saynt
Peter
to
the
set
/
&
sayd
vnto
hym
that
in
the
mouthe
of
the
fyrst
fysshe
that
he
toke
he
sholde
loke
within
&
he
sholde
fynde
a
pece
of
money
/
&
that
he
shol
●e
take
the
same
pece
to
them
that
gadred
the
trewage
of
the
Emperoure
in
payment
for
them
bothe
/
&
thus
our
lorde
hymselfe
gaue
ensample
to
all
maner
of
subiectes
bothe
in
dede
&
in
worde
to
do
reuerence
&
obeysaunce
to
theyr
lordes
&
prynces
.
¶
And
yet
to
the
purpose
of
the
true
people
of
Fraunce
to
theyr
prynce
/
for
whiche
goodnes
&
meryte
I
trust
that
our
lorde
hath
saued
them
from
many
perylles
/
&
in
lyke
wyse
euery
subiecte
ought
to
do
the
same
wyse
to
theyr
prynces
/
&
who
that
dothe
the
contrary
hurte
&
trouble
shall
fall
vnto
hym
.
And
yet
we
wyl
brynge
to
mynde
Ualere
&
other
auctours
to
our
purpose
.
For
this
valere
say
th
in
the.
vi
.
boke
/
in
the
.
vi●i
.
chapytre
of
the
loyalte
&
faythe
y●
one
the
whiche
was
called
Papynyon
/
had
to
his
lorde
/
he
vnderstode
that
his
lorde
was
espyed
of
certayne
folkes
that
hated
hym
to
the
dethe
/
&
that
he
myght
not
escape
in
no
wyse
&
he
were
take
/
&
for
bycause
that
he
wolde
saue
his
lorde
from
the
daunger
he
toke
his
lordes
gow●e
&
gaue
hym
his
/
&
toke
hym
his
rynge
&
he
toke
his
/
&
secretly
the
lorde
wente
out
of
the
palays
/
&
his
man
abode
styll
for
hym
/
&
wh●n
his
enemyes
came
vpon
hym
he
suffred
hymselfe
to
be
slayne
for
his
lordes
sake
/
&
sauynge
of
his
lyfe
wherfore
●alere
sayth
thoughe
so
be
that
this
narracyon
be
but
lytell
&
shorte
yet
at
longe
goynge
it
is
no
lytell
matter
/
&
for
to
touche
of
the
euylles
that
cometh
to
the
people
namely
of
●●bellynge
ayenst
theyr
prynce
to
the
entente
that
a
man
maye
fynde
matter
to
kepe
hymselfe
therfro
.
●rogus
Ponpeyns
telleth
in
his
.
xviii
.
boke
how
the
people
of
a
cyte
in
Grece
rebelled
ayenst
theyr
lorde
in
so
moche
that
they
wolde
haue
slayne
hym
/
&
for
the
withall
they
slue
his
wyfe
&
his
chyldren
/
&
al
that
were
of
his
lygnage
/
yet
as
it
appereth
alway
the
amonge
the
people
there
be
some
of
les●e
euyll
than
other
.
●here
was
one
o●
the
Cytezyns
that
was
named
Traton
/
whiche
whan
he
founde
his
lorde
chased
a
way
&
dryuen
in
to
hydeles
for
the
fere
that
he
had
/
yet
wolde
not
he
slee
hym
/
but
had
grete
pyte
on
hym
&
thought
that
he
wolde
saue
hym
from
the
dethe
&
hyde
hym
in
a
place
where
he
myght
he
saued
/
&
the
people
wente
that
he
had
be
fled
.
So
when
they
had
made
an
ende
of
this
myschyefe
they
thoughte
too
chose
a
●ynge
amonge
themselfe
.
But
for
bycause
that
they
were
in
dyuy
●yon
amonge
them
whiche
sholde
be
theyr
kynge
/
they
ordeyned
y●
one
on
the
morowe
before
the
sone
rysynge
al
the
people
sholde
ass●ble
in
a
felde
&
whiche
of
them
coude
se
the
sone
shyne
fyrst
sholde
b●
theyr
kynge
.
This
Traton
whiche
had
saued
the
kynge
from
deth
came
to
hym
in
the
nyght
&
asked
hym
counsayle
by
what
meane
he
myght
se
the
sone
fyrst
in
the
mornynge
/
to
that
entente
that
he
myght
be
kynge
/
his
lorde
whiche
thought
to
quyee
hym
the
goodnesse
that
he
hadde
doone
vnto
hym
for
sauynge
of
his
lyfe
/
counsayled
hym
/
that
when
all
other
men
looked
in
●●●
the
●est
/
that
he
sholde
looke
towarde
the
weste
/
and
vpon
the
●y●●
.
Soo
it
happened
when
all
the
people
were
assembled
on
the
morowe
/
and
loked
ententyfely
towarde
the
rysynge
of
●●●
sonne
/
This
Traton
whiche
loked
euen
contrary
sawe
the
sonne
beemes
/
the
whiche
smote
agaynst
the
toppe
of
an
hyghe
towre
●●forth
withal
he
shewed
it
to
that
other
pleople
whiche
coude
not
se
the
sone
that
way
as
they
loked
.
●hen
euery
man
was
abasshed
&
asked
hym
who
had
gyuen
hym
the
counsayle
/
&
he
tolde
them
all
togyder
/
&
howe
he
had
saued
his
lorde
.
●o
it
hap
pened
longe
after
in
the
tyme
the
grete
●lysaundre
regned
/
that
he
herde
men
speke
of
the
grete
treason
that
these
people
had
done
to
theyr
lordes
/
●he
thought
to
auenge
the
vnthryfty
dede
/
&
wente
to
assayle
the
cyte
&
toke
it
by
force
▪
●
dyde
vpon
them
a
grete
p●●
nycyon
/
&
for
bycause
that
the
kynge
that
reygned
ouer
them
before
was
deed
/
he
confermed
this
〈…〉
aton
to
be
kynge
in
the
same
royalme
/
&
ordeyned
that
his
chyldren
sholde
reygne
after
hym
for
the
goodnes
that
he
had
done
to
his
lorde
.
¶
Here
we
begyn
to
speke
of
the
thre
estates
of
the
people
/
an●
fyrst
of
the
clerkes
&
studyentes
in
scyences
.
Capitulo
.
li.
ANd
to
the
commonte
of
the
people
be
comprysed
thre
estates
/
that
is
to
knowe
in
y●●yte
of
Parysel●
also
in
other
cytees
▪
Fyrst
the
clargy
/
y●●ourgeyses
/
&
the
marchauntes
/
&
then
the
comynyon
of
the
people
/
lyke
as
we
may
say
men
of
crafte
&
labourers
▪
Nowe
we
must
aduyse
what
thynges
we
maye
say
that
ben
profytable
i
gyuynge
ensample
to
euerychone
of
these
estates
to
lyue
well
&
truely
after
his
ordre
/
●for
bycause
y●
the
state
of
the
clargy
is
amonge
all
other
/
hyghenoble
&
worthy
in
honoure
.
I
cast
to
adresse
my
matter
/
&
speke
fyrst
of
them
that
is
to
say
of
the
studyentes
as
in
the
vnyuersyte
of
Paryse
/
or
in
other
partyes
.
¶
People
well
counsayled
/
or
people
y●●e
●ron●
I
saye
to
you
the
dyscyples
of
studye
&
of
wysdome
/
whiche
by
the
grace
of
god
&
of
good
fortune
/
or
of
good
nature
/
ben
applyed
to
serche
out
the
hyghnes
of
the
clere
re●oysynge
sterre
/
that
is
to
knowe
the
sterre
of
scyence
takynge
dylygently
the
good
treaso●●
of
the
clere
&
helthfull
fountayne
/
fulfyll
yourselfe
of
the
plesaunt
●●f●●●yon
the
may
so
m●●he
auayle
you
&
brynge
you
to
worst
y●
for
what
thynge
is
more
worthy
to
man
tha
scyence
&
the
hyghnesse
of
connynge
.
Certaynly
thou
y●
desyrest
it
&
employest
thy selfe
therto
hath
chosen
a
gloryous
lyfe
▪
For
by
that
thou
mayst
con
prehende
the
ele●cyon
of
vertue
/
&
the
e●chewynge
of
vyce
/
lyke
as
it
styreth
the
to
y●
ene
/
&
defendeth
y●
fro
the
other
/
for
th●re
is
no
thynge
more
parfyte
than
the
trouthe
&
cl●renes
▪
for
to
vnderstande
&
knowe
the
par●ytenes
o●
thynges
whiche
can
not
be
vnderstande
without
connynge
&
scyence
▪
For
a
wyse
man
wolde
take
payne
to
gete
the
leest
sauoure
of
the
re●ykes
of
wysdome
/
&
certaynly
I
dare
well
say
what
so
euer
ony
man
sayth
/
that
there
is
●oy
ne
treasoure
semblable
/
to
the
treasoure
of
vnderstondynge
wherfore
ye
champyons
of
sapyence
yf
ye
wyl
do
ony
labour
or
payne
I
counsayle
you
that
ye
laboure
to
gete
scyence
/
for
&
ye
haue
it
&
vse
it
wel
/
ye
be
noble
▪
ye
●e
ryche
/
ye
be
al
parfyte
/
&
this
is
playnely
shewed
in
the
doctryne
o●
phylosophres
whiche
sheweth
&
techeth
the
way
to
come
by
wysdome
to
the
treasoure
of
pure
&
parfyte
suffycyan̄ce
▪
●●pruoent
phylosophre
that
was
called
●leātes
had
suche
a
desyre
to
taste
of
the
grete
goodnes
of
sapy●nce
&
loued
it
so
wel
/
notwithstondynge
that
he
was
so
poore
that
he
coude
not
fynde
the
meanes
to
come
therto
but
by
grete
laboure
that
he
had
in
the
nyght
/
&
that
was
this
/
he
drewe
water
al
the
nyght
whiche
was
necessary
to
the
vle
of
the
skolers
/
&
so
by
y●
mean●
he
gate
his
lyuynge
/
and
in
the
day
he
entended
to
●is
●●udy
&
to
y
●essons
of
●rysypus
/
whiche
was
a
sol●mpne
phylosophre
to
the
enten●e
that
he
myght
be
fulfylled
of
the
connynge
of
this
wyse
man
&
by
the
techynge
&
longe
contynuaunce
became
●yght
a
souerayne
man
/
wherfore
me
semeth
truely
that
this
man
was
worthy
to
haue
grete
laude
as
well
for
the
constaunce
of
his
labour
as
for
the
grete
scyence
that
he
gate
/
wherfore
●ence
sayth
in
a
pystle
y●●●●ātes
by
his
grete
labour
helpe
hymselfe
to
come
to
y
perfe●cyon
of
scyence
▪
¶
●et
to
the
purpose
to
loue
scyence
&
to
he
dylygent
to
lerne
it
for
the
grete
goodnes
that
may
fal
to
hym
that
lyst
to
laboure
therfore
/
we
wyl
speke
a
lytell
of
other
phylosophres
for
to
sharpen
the
appetyte
of
them
that
study
for
to
lerne
.
The
phylosophre
Platon
loued
so
moche
scyence
that
thrughe
the
dylygence
that
he
made
for
to
gete
it
▪
he
fylled
hymselfe
with
wysdome
&
doctryne
.
This
Platon
was
mayster
to
Arystotle
&
was
in
the
tyme
of
Socrates
the
phylosophre
/
&
he
profyted
so
gretely
in
doctryne
that
for
the
noblesse
of
his
wytte
was
counted
the
wysest
man
lyuynge
/
&
that
he
loued
scyence
he
shewed
it
well
/
for
he
wente
al
aboute
to
serche
out
all
the
doctryne
of
bokes
namely
in
ytaly
wherfore
valere
speketh
of
his
grete
dylygence
&
desyre
that
he
had
to
knowe
&
vnderstonde
▪
that
the
grete
thought
that
he
toke
for
to
ge
●●
bokes
togyder
was
for
nothynge
elles
but
the
scyence
&
connyn
ge
myght
be
cast
a
brode
by
hym
thrughe
all
the
worlde
.
This
so
●empne
phylosophre
dyed
in
the
age
of
.
lxxx
.
&
.
v●ii
.
yeres
/
&
it
happened
well
at
his
dethe
the
grete
loue
that
he
had
to
all
maner
of
●●kes
/
for
they
fonnde
lyenge
by
hym
the
bokes
of
a
woman
that
was
a
poete
whiche
was
named
●●pho
/
&
wrote
of
loue
in
pleasaun
re
&
goodly
verses
▪
as
●rose
saythe
/
&
paraduenture
he
loked
vpon
them
for
takynge
of
his
pleasure
in
his
plesaunt
sayenges
.
●
And
yet
there
is
conteyned
in
the
boke
of
●alere
of
the
phylosophre
Democratus
whiche
was
a
famous
man
in
naturall
phylosophy
/
&
as
Arystotle
telleth
in
the
fyrst
boke
of
generacyō●
of
corrupcyon
&
chargeth
of
al
thynges
/
that
is
to
saye
he
wolde
gyue
cōmendacyon
to
the
saynge
of
Democratus
/
&
therfore
Arystotle
commendeth
hym
gretly
in
dyuers
places
for
his
natural
phylosophy
&
alowed
gretly
his
opynyons
.
Also
valere
commen
deth
moche
the
sayd
phylosophre
for
bycause
he
dyspraysed
ryches
gretely
whiche
often
tymes
hath
done
many
men
moche
hurte
&
lettynge
in
getyng
of
phylosophy
/
&
sayth
that
this
demo
cratus
myght
haue
gretly
habounded
in
ryches
if
he
had
wolde
for
his
fader
was
so
passyngly
ryche
that
he
f●d
al
the
hoste
of
kynge
zerces
/
yet
notwtstondynge
al
the
ryches
he
drwe
hym
to
study
&
when
the
goodes
fell
to
hym
he
dystrybued
them
to
his
frendes
&
to
the
poore
people
&
vnethes
lefte
hymselve
ony
thynge
to
lyue
vpon
Secondly
valere
commendeth
hym
in
as
moche
as
he
neuer
desyred
worldely
honours
whiche
empessheth
gretely
to
conquere
sapyence
/
&
as
he
dwelled
longe
in
Athenes
he
employed
all
his
tyme
in
excersyse
of
doctryne
&
lyued
there
longe
tyme
vnkno
wen
in
the
sayd
cyte
lyke
as
hymselfe
wytnesseth
in
one
of
his
volumes
▪
for
he
chase
to
lyue
soletarily
for
to
be
out
of
noyse
&
stry
●e
whiche
letteth
gretly
speculacyon
/
then
it
appered
that
he
had
grete
desyre
of
connynge
for
he
eschewed
to
his
power
al
maner
th●
ges
that
myght
let
hym
fro
the
getynge
of
scyence
.
¶
yet
to
the
same
purpose
that
men
sholde
loue
scyence
&
study
▪
valere
speketh
of
the
phylosophre
●arneades
saynge
that
he
was
the
very
knyght
that
laboured
scyence
/
for
.
lxxx
.
yeres
he
lyued
in
phylosophy
/
&
he
was
meruaylously
conioyned
to
the
werkes
of
doctryne
that
it
semed
of
▪
ten
tymes
as
he
sat
at
mete
that
he
toke
his
refeccyon
in
studyenge
of
doctryne
/
so
that
Meleysa
his
seruaunt
was
fayne
often
tymes
to
take
him
by
the
honde
&
put
it
to
his
mete
s●ynge
the
grete
study
that
he
was
i
/
this
sayd
phylosophre
set
by
no
thyng
in
the
worlde
but
onely
by
vertue
.
Of
many
other
phylosopres
&
shewe●s
of
wysdome
a
man
myght
speke
of
/
but
for
shortyng
of
this
matter
I
wyl
passe
ouer
/
&
these
maters
here
tofore
I
haue
brought
to
mynde
to
the
entente
that
I
may
reduce
&
brynge
to
knowlege
o●
the
good
studyentes
suche
as
desyre
to
lerne
scyence
&
vertue
/
for
it
is
no
doubte
but
the
scyences
make
a
man
to
be
gracyous
&
well
gouerned
but
yf
it
be
suche
one
as
is
vndyscrete
&
weneth
him
selfe
that
he
knoweth
al
scyences
/
but
in
themselve
they
shewe
it
not
but
teche
it
to
other
/
&
suche
maner
of
men
as
techeth
sapyence
&
●o
nothynge
themselve
of
the
same
/
●en
lykened
to
suche
as
dye
for
honger
&
theyr
good
lyenge
by
them
/
&
oth●r
men
helpe
themselve
with
the
good
/
&
suche
men
be
more
blame
worthy
when
they
do
amysse
than
other
.
¶
yet
of
the
same
.
●Or
bycause
that
this
fayre
mater
is
ryght
couenable
to
be
knowen
/
&
also
that
euery
man
hath
not
the
boke
of
valere
for
togader
out
to
theyr
pleasaunce
al
the
matters
that
he
speketh
of●●e
lyketh
me
yet
to
speke
of
the
good
purpose
that
longeth
to
study
/
for
bycause
that
I
haue
sayd
here
tofore
y●
the
studyentes
ought
to
do
grete
d●l
py●ce
in
the
getynge
of
scyence
/
as
valere
recyteth
&
she
●●
eth
how
the
dylygence
wel
modred
without
to
grete
exce●le
shal
brynge
a
man
in
grete
excersyse
of
connynge
&
alsygneth
the
cause
why
he
sayth
so
.
Scenola
whiche
was
an
excellent
legystre
at
Rome
●omposed
certayne
lawes
whiche
other
legystres
vseth
yet
/
&
after
his
grete
occupacyon
&
study
wolde
take
recreacyon
of
dyuers
playes
/
&
that
a
man
sholde
so
do
/
valere
theweth
that
it
is
reason
a
sayth
y●
the
nature
of
thynges
wyl
not
suffre
a
ma
contynuelly
to
be
in
labour
/
that
is
to
say
he
must
nedes
at
somtyme
haue
re●t
in
ydlenes
/
but
this
ydlenes
sholde
not
be
that
a
man
sholde
scase
fro
al
bodely
labours
/
but
it
is
to
vnderstode
that
a
man
sholde
be
occupyed
in
some
Ioyful
dysporte
by
the
whiche
his
vnderstondynge
may
be
the
fressher
/
for
by
longe
studyenge
al
the
sensytyfe
vertues
of
mā●e
made
wery
&
dull
/
&
also
they
be
not
brought
agayne
to
theyr
rest
&
trāquylyte
by
seasynge
all
maner
werkes
/
for
they
that
be
trauayled
in
study
yf
they
be
not
occupyed
with
some
gladnes
they
sholde
be
ful
of
malancoly
for
the
spyryte
whiche
hath
ben
in
so
grete
labours
of
study
before
/
&
yf
they
go
to
bed
so
they
shall
suffre
payne
in
theyr
slepe
as
in
dremynge
&
otherwyse
/
&
therfore
the
remedy
of
the
trauayle
is
/
for
to
reioyce
his
spyryte
with
some
goodly
play
&
dysporte
/
&
in
lyke
wyse
as
the
pleasaunt
metes
please
more
at
some
tyme
when
they
be
entr●
medled
with
groce
metes●
lyke
wyse
the
werke
of
study
is
the
better
nourysshed
whan
a
man
at
some
tyme
applyed
hym selfe
to
play
&
●ysporto
/
&
therfore
●atō
sayth
/
entremedle
thy
werkes
amonge
with
dysportrd
/
also
Arystotle
sayth
in
the
.
iii.
boke
of
Ethyques
A
man
in
his
labour
sholde
vse
vertuously
as
welplay
as
labour
/
to
whiche
thynge
s●ne●
accordeth
●
his
b●ke
of
trāqu●●●●
of
courage●●
saythe
that
the
lusty
&
well
berynge
feldes
be
soone
hurte
by
contynuel
fertylyte
/
without
they
be
otherwhyle
refresshed
/
lykewyse
contynuel
laboure
●
ony
seyence
hurteth
the
courage
of
ony
persone
&
engendreth
frenesy
/
&
therfore
nature
gyueth
men
inclynaeyon
of
dysporte
&
play
otherwhyles
/
&
for
the
cause
also
they
that
stablysshed
the
lawes
in
olde
tyme
ordeyned
certayne
feestes
to
the
entente
that
all
maner
of
people
sholde
assemble
for
to
dysporte
&
playe
&
leue
theyr
laboure
/
&
this
purpose
is
sayd
of
Socrates
/
whiche
no
parte
of
scyence
was
hyd
fro
/
that
he
was
not
ashamed
whan
he
was
mocked
of
●chypyades
for
bycause
that
he
founde
hym
playenge
with
lytell
chyldren
/
but
he
dyde
so
for
bycause
that
the
recreacyon
whiche
he
had
amonge
them
sholde
sharpe
&
refresshe
his
wyt
&
make
it
more
quycke
to
the
study
/
&
for
that
cause
as
olde
as
he
was
he
lerned
to
play
on
the
harpe
.
¶
Of
the
seconde
estate
of
the
people
that
is
to
knowe
of
bourgeyses
and
of
marchauntes
.
Capitulo
.
lii
.
I
Haue
sayd
here
before
that
the
seconde
estate
of
the
people
be
the
bourgeyses
&
the
marchauntes
of
cytees
.
The
bourgeyses
ben
they
that
be
of
the
auncyent
kynredes
in
cytees
/
&
they
haue
a
propre
sure
name
&
auncyent
armes
/
●
they
be
the
pryncy
pall
dwellers
&
inhabytauntes
in
the
cytees
&
townes
&
of
e●
he
cytaunce
in
how
synge
/
in
maners
&
possessyons
/
where
vpon
they
lyue
honestly
&
worshypfully
/
&
as
the
bokes
maketh
mencyon
that
speketh
to
them
calleth
them
cytezyns
/
&
suche
maner
of
people
ought
to
be
honourable
/
wyse
/
&
of
fayre
porte
clothed
in
honest
aray
without
dysguysynge
/
or
nycete●●
it
longeth
to
them
to
be
good
&
true
/
&
also
of
grete
fayth
&
dyscrete
language
/
&
the
state
of
cytezyns
is
ryght
fayre
&
honourable
for
in
some
places
they
ben
called
the
auncyent
lygnages
whan
they
haue
kepte
of
longetyme
theyr
estate
worshypfully
/
●herfore
in
all
places
euery
man
ought
to
prayse
&
commende
the
good
bourgeyses
&
Cytezyns
of
euery
towne
&
cyte
/
&
yet
it
is
a
fayre
thynge
&
a
worshypfull
when
there
is
a
notable
bourgeys
in
a
cyte
&
grete
worshyp
to
the
countre
&
grete
rychesse
to
the
prynce
.
These
people
sholde
entremete
of
the
gouernaunce
of
Cytees
&
to
se
what
longeth
to
the
marchauntes
and
to
the
comon
people
so
that
euery
thynge
myght
be
well
ruled
and
gouerned
to
theyr
profyte
/
&
for
bycause
that
the
propre
people
haue
not
comonly
grete
prudence
in
worde
/
ne
also
in
dede
/
that
toucheth
polycye
/
whiche
they
ought
not
to
medle
as
of
suche
thynges
that
ben
establysshed
by
the
prynces
.
The
burgeyses
therfore
ought
to
take
good
hede
that
for
ony
thynge
that
is
made
/
the
poore
people
be
not
hurte
/
nor
that
they
haue
cause
to
make
ony
euyll
conspyracyon
ayenste
theyr
prynce
or
his
counsayle
/
&
this
is
the
cause
why
/
for
suche
conspyracyons
&
ymagynacyons
of
comon
/
it
tourneth
all
day
to
the
preiudyce
of
them
that
haue
good
for
to
leese
.
For
it
was
neuer
other
nor
neuer
shall
be
/
but
the
ende
therof
shall
be
euyll
&
full
of
preiudyce
/
wherfore
they
ought
&
ony
suche
case
fall
at
ony
tyme
that
the
comons
fele
themselve
greued
by
ony
grete
charge
.
The
wyse
burgeyses
sholde
assemble
themselfe
togyder
suche
as
be
wyse
&
dyscrete
bothe
in
worde
&
dede
/
&
go
to
the
prynces
or
to
the
counsayle
&
there
make
theyr
supplycacyon
with
all
humylyte
&
shewe
theyr
matter
debonayrely
to
the
entente
that
the
comon
people
be
not
hurte
/
For
it
is
the
dystruccyon
of
Cytees
/
of
townes
/
&
londes
&
therfore
they
sholde
appeale
the
murmuracyons
of
the
people
as
ferforthe
as
they
myght
for
the
grete
hurtes
&
myscheues
that
maye
fall
therof
by
many
meanes
.
For
they
that
ben
grete
stonde
moost
in
daunger
/
&
thought
so
be
that
at
some
tyme
they
seme
the
ordynaunces
of
the
prynce
&
of
his
counsayle
be
not
duely
made
in
some
thynges
/
yet
the
wyse
men
ought
not
to
construe
it
to
the
worste
entente
/
but
thynke
that
they
do
it
of
good
entente
that
they
haue
done
.
For
the
causes
be
not
apparent
to
euery
man
/
&
also
there
may
be
peryll
in
murmurynge
of
the
people
.
¶
Ualere
sayth
that
the
worde
of
Socrates
that
worshypfull
phylosophre
were
ryght
noble
&
good
when
he
sayd
it
was
a
grete
wysdome
for
a
man
to
holde
his
peas
/
For
on
a
tyme
he
was
in
a
place
where
were
many
men
that
spake
of
the
ordynaunce
of
prynces
and
spake
shreoodely
therof
/
soo
one
of
these
euyll
spekers
came
to
Socrates
and
asked
hym
why
he
spake
noo
worde
&
all
other
men
sayd
theyr
aduyse
:
he
answered
them
agayne
&
sayd
.
I
holde
my
peas
quod
he
for
bycause
that
I
haue
spoken
suche
wordes
at
some
tyme
that
I
haue
repented
after
/
but
I
was
neuer
shente
for
holdynge
my
peas
.
Therfore
it
is
ryght
a
good
thynge
for
a
man
to
holde
his
peas
&
speke
no
suche
wordes
as
harme
may
come
of
and
no
profyte
&
by
that
a
man
may
knowe
a
wyse
man
/
&
therfore
Caton
sayth
the
fyrst
vertue
is
to
kepe
well
his
tongue
for
he
is
nyghe
to
god
that
in
way
of
reason
can
holde
his
tongue
.
And
Sence
sayth
in
the
fyrst
boke
of
the
last
proose
/
who
that
wyll
be
one
of
the
dyscyples
of
Pyctogoras
must
kepe
his
tongue
.
v.
yere
.
For
he
sayd
vnto
them
that
they
must
fyrst
lerne
a
thynge
or
they
spake
it
and
whether
it
were
necessary
to
be
spoken
or
not
.
¶
Howe
the
wyse
burgeyses
sholde
counsayle
the
symple
people
in
that
they
sholde
do
.
Capitulo
.
liii
.
ANd
as
it
is
sayd
before
the
wyse
men
sholde
teche
the
symple
&
ygnorannt
people
to
holde
theyr
peas
&
speke
not
of
suche
thynges
that
longeth
not
to
them
to
speke
of
/
for
there
may
gret
peryl
fal
therof
&
no
ꝓfyte
/
&
this
is
wytnessed
in
the
boke
of
●●odi
in
the
.xii.
chapitre
saynge
that
the
lawe
defendeth
suche
murmuracyon
&
byddeth
that
no
man
sholde
murmure
ayenst
the
grete
lordes
/
&
they
sholde
not
curse
the
prynces
of
the
people
/
&
Salomon
confermeth
the
same
in
the
booke
called
Ecclesiastes
in
the
.x.
chapytre
and
sayth
betray
not
the
kynge
in
thy
trouthe
/
that
is
to
say
the
subiecte
sholde
make
no
conspyracyon
ayenst
his
lorde
¶
And
also
that
is
grete
peryll
to
murmure
or
to
withstonde
the
ordynaunce
of
prynces
/
Iust
yne
saythe
in
the.
xii
.
booke
of
Alysaundre
for
the
grete
vyctoryes
that
he
had
whan
he
had
won
the
lordeshyp
of
Perce
he
thought
than
that
he
wolde
be
worshypped
after
the
maner
of
the
countre
whiche
was
a
maner
of
worshyppynge
/
as
we
myght
say
a
man
to
kncle
downe
on
his
knees
when
he
spake
to
his
souerayne
whiche
was
not
customed
i
Macedone
ne
mother
regyons
at
the
tyme
/
but
for
bycause
the
men
murmured
&
also
that
castylenes
the
phylosophre
whiche
Arystotle
had
commytted
to
Alysaundre
for
as
moche
as
he
myght
no
lenger
endure
the
laboure
that
he
had
for
to
folowe
hym
aboute
repreued
Alysaudre
ryght
egrely
for
the
same
/
for
whiche
thynge
Alysaundre
made
hym
to
be
slayne
/
It
is
to
knowe
Ualere
sayth
when
Arystotle
lefte
Alysaundre
he
set
to
way
to
vpon
hym
in
his
stede
this
noble
Phylosophre
Castylenes
whche
was
his
dyscyple
and
was
ryght
a
wyse
man
/
neuerthelesse
Arystotle
taught
this
sayd
Castylenes
that
he
sholde
neuer
speke
of
vyces
of
prynces
behynde
theyr
backe
/
for
he
tolde
hym
it
sholde
not
be
doone
for
two
thynges
/
One
is
that
it
longeth
not
to
a
subiecte
to
saye
shame
of
his
lorde
/
The
other
is
that
as
soone
as
the
wordes
ben
passed
out
of
his
mouthe
the
flatterers
ben
redy
anone
to
reporte
them
vnto
the
souerayne
▪
And
yet
he
warned
hym
that
he
sholde
speke
but
lytell
to
Aly
saundre
and
yet
before
or
he
spake
/
he
sholde
vnderstonde
that
he
were
some
what
mery
/
too
that
entente
that
his
language
sholde
not
tourne
hym
to
noo
peryll
/
nor
also
he
sholde
not
flatter
hym
/
but
the
wordes
that
he
sayd
myght
be
acceptable
.
/
But
this
dyscyple
helde
not
well
the
doctryne
of
his
mayster
/
wherfore
he
repented
it
afterwarde
.
¶
yet
to
the
same
purpose
that
a
man
sholde
not
stryue
ayenst
the
ordynaunce
of
the
prynce
And
to
the
purpose
also
of
the
phylosophre
that
Alysaundre
lete
slee
for
bycause
that
he
agayne
sayd
his
ordynaunce
.
Ualere
sayth
and
telleth
of
the
Phylosophre
of
Mades
/
what
he
sayd
to
them
of
Athenes
.
For
when
Alysaundre
wolde
be
worshypped
as
it
is
sayd
here
tofore
/
he
sente
vnto
them
of
Athenes
and
sayd
that
he
wolde
in
ony
wyse
be
soo
worshypped
/
Than
the
Athenyences
whiche
were
accustomed
more
than
other
people
to
kepe
sermounes
&
ryght
wyse
ordynaunces
assembled
theyr
counsayle
to
knowe
what
they
myght
best
do
therin
▪
So
the
comon
oppynyon
of
them
was
that
they
●olde
not
do
hym
that
worshyp
whiche
longed
not
but
onely
to
goddes
/
Then
thys
wyfe
phylosophre
of
Mades
/
the
whiche
knewe
well
ynoughe
what
myght
falle
for
the
dyshobe
ysaunce
of
prynces
/
sayd
vn to
them
/
nowe
syrs
quod
he
kepe
you
well
that
ye
medle
not
so●
ferre
with
the
heuynes
that
ye
shall
loose
the
erthe
▪
¶
These
thynges
sayd
here
tofore
maye
tourne
too
ensamples
in
some
londes
/
but
thanked
be
god
we
haue
no
cruell
prynces
in
Fraunce
/
nor
hatefull
ayenst
theyr
people
▪
For
of
all
the
nacyons
in
the
worlde
I
dare
well
saye
without
ony
flatterynge
▪
and
trewe
it
is
/
that
there
be
none
so
naturall
ne
so
benygne
as
they
ben
in
Fraunce
/
wherfore
they
ought
more
lowely
to
be
obeyed
/
and
thoughe
at
some
tyme
peraduenture
the
people
seme
that
they
be
sorer
charged
than
other
Royalmes
and
Londes
/
and
that
other
londes
ben
lesse
greued
than
Fraunce
.
And
lette
vs
suppose
that
it
maye
be
so
by
reason
in
some
thynges
as
by
meanes
of
theyr
fraunchyse
/
yet
by
other
customes
and
seruages
/
whiche
be
more
preiudycyable
as
grete
crueltees
that
ben
done
vnto
theym
/
or
elles
that
they
slee
and
murdre
eche
other
for
lacke
of
Iustyce
and
many
other
straunge
meanes
whiche
were
to
longe
for
to
tell
/
and
what
so
euer
ony
man
saye
/
sauynge
the
grace
of
theym
that
wolde
withsaye
this
/
for
ony
thynge
that
men
complayne
on
in
Fraunce
/
I
holde
oppynyon
that
of
all
the
londes
in
crystendome
it
is
it
where
best
is
to
dwell
in
/
as
well
for
the
begynnynge
of
prynces
without
cruelte
/
as
for
the
courteysy
/
and
the
louyngnesse
of
the
people
of
the
same
nacyon
.
¶
And
yet
I
saye
not
thus
for
bycause
that
I
was
borne
therin
.
But
as
god
helpe
me
at
the
daye
of
dome
I
says
as
I
thynke
/
For
I
haue
enquered
moche
of
the
gouernaunce
of
other
londes
.
And
also
I
wote
well
this
erthe
is
not
Paradyse
For
I
wyll
that
euery
man
knowe
/
that
in
all
royalmes
ben
trybulacyons
ynowe
.
¶
And
of
these
cruell
prynces
in
tymes
paste
I
wyll
speke
of
.
And
namely
of
the
newest
/
for
I
maye
●ynde
ynowe
.
But
for
bycause
that
I
maye
not
tourne
too
noo
good
ensample
I
wyll
the
more
lyghtly
passe
ouer
/
But
for
as
moche
as
we
haue
treated
of
the
grete
charges
of
people
doone
by
lordes
.
There
was
a
meruaylous
and
a
false
and
vntrewe
cautell
founde
by
Denys
the
tyraunte
/
for
to
haue
good
of
his
people
.
¶
For
as
this
Denys
tyraunte
was
dyscomfyted
in
a
batayle
wente
and
aduysed
hym
by
grete
malyce
and
sleyght
howe
he
myght
recouer
agayne
that
he
had
loste
and
spended
he
made
cryea
noyse
ouer
all
amonge
his
people
/
and
made
them
to
byleue
that
the
cause
of
his
dyscomfyture
was
for
his
synne
/
where
as
he
hadde
made
avowe
to
Uenus
for
to
haue
sought
her
and
was
not
fulfylled
.
And
this
was
his
avowe
yf
so
were
that
●he
wolde
helpe
hym
in
a
batayle
for
to
haue
the
vyctory
of
his
enemyes
that
the
daye
of
lempnyte
of
her
feest
all
the
ladyes
and
vyrgynes
of
the
londe
to
honoure
and
worshyp
of
the
same
goddes
sholde
that
daye
do
al
the
pleasure
that
ony
man
wolde
requyre
theym
▪
And
for
bycause
that
he
had
not
accomplysshed
his
avowe
after
the
vyctory
of
the
batayle
that
he
had
wonne
▪
Therfore
the
goddesse
Uenus
for
the
frawde
and
vntruthe
that
he
hadde
done
vnto
her
in
brekynge
of
his
avowe
was
ayenst
hym
at
the
laste
batayle
/
whiche
caused
hym
to
be
dyscomfyted
and
ouercome
.
And
to
accomplysshe
and
satysfy
He
goddes
of
his
avowe
.
He
made
ordeyne
that
all
the
ladyes
and
maydens
at
the
day
of
solempnyte
of
her
feest
sholde
aray
themselfe
in
the
moost
rychest
garmentes
that
they
myght
gete
with
all
the
Iewelles
that
they
hadde
.
And
who
that
hadde
noo
Iewelles
of
theyr
owne
they
sholde
borowe
.
And
whanne
they
were
thus
arayed
they
sholde
goostreyght
to
the
temple
.
And
frome
thens
they
sholde
be
brought
vnto
a
common
place
.
But
euery
man
sholde
be
made
swere
before
/
that
they
sholde
not
touche
none
of
all
the
women
in
the
waye
of
vylanye
.
¶
And
for
bycause
of
this
othe
the
folysshe
mysbyleuynge
people
without
lawe
of
the
londe
byleued
certaynely
that
all
was
trewe
that
the
kynge
had
shewed
theym
/
wherfore
euery
man
consented
that
theyr
wyues
&
theyr
doughters
sholde
be
brought
to
that
place
/
for
they
wente
that
the
goddesse
Uenus
wolde
haue
ben
peased
and
this
thynge
hadde
ben
thus
done
with
out
empeyrynge
the
chastyte
of
theyr
wyues
and
theyr
doughters
/
where
vpon
this
was
ordeyned
/
lyke
as
is
reherced
here
tofore
.
And
soo
all
the
ladyes
wente
in
the
best
arayment
that
they
myght
gete
to
the
temple
.
But
Denys
theyr
kynge
thou
ghte
another
manere
thynge
/
whiche
dyssembled
and
tayned
this
thynge
to
be
done
/
for
as
moche
as
he
durst
sette
no
subs●dy
vpon
theym
/
he
thought
for
to
gete
good
by
another
meane
▪
wherfore
he
lete
ordayne
a
certayne
people
for
to
go
to
the
temple
and
lete
dyspoyle
all
the
ladyes
and
other
women
of
all
theyr
rychesse
▪
And
they
that
were
olde
matrones
and
ryche
compelle
them
by
betynge
and
other
duresse
for
to
tell
where
theyr
rychesses
were
and
the
treasours
of
theyr
husbondes
.
¶
Of
this
Denys
that
was
kynge
of
●esyle
men
may
wel
say
that
he
was
an
euyll
prynce
.
But
for
bycause
that
no
man
sholde
haue
enuye
to
folowe
theyr
dedes
/
it
is
to
be
knowen
lyke
as
it
falleth
com
monly
that
the
euyll
lyfe
draweth
a
man
to
euyll
ende
.
For
the
ende
of
hym
was
ryght
nought
/
for
after
that
he
had
done
this
cursed
dede
with
other
moo
/
he
was
slayne
vylaynously
of
his
owne
people
/
his
sonne
whiche
succeded
after
hym
/
whose
name
also
was
called
Denyse
/
was
in
his
laste
ende
ryght
vnhappy
/
for
he
was
deposed
of
his
lordeshyppe
/
and
after
that
he
wente
too
●orynthe
/
and
there
he
was
fayne
to
teche
chyldren
for
his
lyuynge
.
Thus
the
chylde
suffred
payne
for
the
trespasse
of
hys
fader
/
and
other
whyle
it
happeneth
soo
▪
for
holy
scrypture
say
th
/
the
faders
eteth
the
bytter
grape
/
and
the
chyldren
haue
the
forenesse
in
the
tethe
/
And
in
lyke
wyse
it
is
wryten
in
other
places
/
our
faders
synned
and
we
sholde
suffre
theyr
inyquytees
¶
yet
to
the
purpose
of
euyll
prynces
/
whiche
I
praye
god
saue
vs
fro
.
There
was
a
kynge
in
Egypte
that
was
called
Tholomeus
Pheton
.
And
amonge
all
other
vyces
he
was
Lecherous
and
full
of
delycasye
.
¶
And
Ualere
sayth
he
was
called
Pheton
/
for
as
moche
as
an
exposytoure
saythe
that
Pheton
is
as
moche
to
saye
/
as
encreasynge
and
augmentacyon
of
vyce
.
For
by
his
Lechery
he
put
vpon
men
dyuerse
crymes
/
and
made
them
haue
an
euyll
ende
/
for
whiche
cause
he
dyed
a
vylaynous
dethe
▪
and
after
his
dethe
in
grete
defame
of
his
good
name
.
¶
Here
it
speketh
of
marchauntes
.
Capitulo
.
liiii
.
OF
suche
people
as
we
haue
spoken
of
here
tofore
/
that
ben
named
marchauntes
/
whiche
state
of
people
is
ryght
necessary
/
and
without
that
same
/
the
state
of
kynges
and
prynces
/
and
namely
the
polycye
of
cytees
/
and
of
countrees
myght
not
be
without
●●
/
for
by
the
meanes
of
theyr
wysdome
and
laboure
all
maner
of
people
ben
puruayed
of
suche
thynges
/
as
is
to
them
necessary
/
whiche
is
brought
in
by
the
marchauntes
out
of
ferre
countrees
yf
they
haue
money
▪
wherfore
it
was
a
well
founde
thynge
for
to
fynde
amonge
worldely
thynges
,
suche
an
inuencyon
that
people
myght
be
laboured
and
put
to
dyuerse
offyces
/
For
and
this
were
not
/
euery
man
sholde
haue
ynoughe
to
do
for
to
gete
his
lyuynge
without
takynge
hede
of
ony
other
scyence
/
wherfore
god
and
reason
hathe
wel
puruayed
▪
And
for
the
good
that
they
doo
to
euery
man
/
that
maner
state
of
people
/
that
is
to
knowe
●
true
marchauntes
in
byenge
and
sellynge
for
money
/
or
other
maner
of
trewe
meanes
as
by
entrechaungynge
one
thynge
for
another
/
ought
gretely
for
to
be
commended
as
for
a
thynge
that
is
ryght
necessary
and
in
many
countrees
they
be
moche
set
by
▪
And
there
is
not
soo
grete
a
Cytezyne
in
some
Cyte
but
they
medle
them
with
marchaundyse
/
yet
ben
they
neuer
the
lesse
sette
by
/
nor
called
the
more
vnworshypfull
.
Lyke
as
at
Uenyse
/
Ieene
/
and
othed
places
where
moche
rychesses
is
/
and
myghty
marchauntes
whiche
gothe
thrughe
euery
lo●de
too
seche
thynges
of
euery
sorte
whiche
they
dysperpule
all
aboute
the
worlde
/
and
thus
is
the
worlde
serued
of
al
maner
of
dyuers
thynges
.
And
with
out
ony
fayle
they
that
practyse
trewely
in
doynge
these
werkes
/
I
suppose
that
they
doo
ryght
a
merytoryous
offyce
and
is
accepte
of
god
and
of
the
lawes
premysse
and
approued
/
The
se
manere
of
people
ought
too
be
well
aduysed
in
theyr
dedes
trewe
in
theyr
laboure
/
and
faythfull
in
theyr
mouthe
/
too
that
entente
that
they
maye
by
theyr
marchaundyse
at
suche
payce
that
they
loose
not
in
sellynge
agayne
of
the
same
/
And
that
they
vnderstonde
wel
also
that
there
ben
plente
of
suche
stuffe
as
they
wyll
bye
in
the
countree
where
he
gothe
to
.
And
on
the
other
syde
that
there
be
no
plente
in
that
countree
that
he
wyll
vttre
his
marchaundyse
in
▪
And
without
this
the
feate
of
theyr
practyse
shall
be
as
nought
/
and
fayle
of
theyr
purpose
/
Also
they
ought
too
be
trewe
in
theyr
laboure
/
that
is
too
saye
/
they
ought
not
vnder
the
payne
of
dampnacyon
/
and
shamefull
●●●
nyssyon
of
theyr
body
make
fayrer
theyr
marchaundyse
by
ony
maner
of
sleyght
for
to
make
them
shewe
better
than
they
be
/
in
deceyuynge
of
the
people
to
that
entente
that
they
myght
be
the
rather
solde
/
for
euery
crafte
is
gretely
reproued
where
fraude
is
in
/
and
they
that
vse
suche
falshede
ought
not
to
be
called
marchauntes
/
but
very
false
and
begylers
of
the
people
for
the
marchauntes
ought
to
be
trewe
of
theyr
worde
/
and
souerayn
ly
of
theyr
promyses
/
wherfore
in
some
countrees
and
places
/
they
be
so
acustome
to
holde
and
kepe
trouthe
that
a
symple
promyse
or
a
worde
of
a
marchaunt
shall
be
trusted
as
moche
and
taken
for
as
grete
a
Suretye
/
as
in
other
places
mennes
oblygacyon
/
and
these
people
rather
than
they
sholde
be
founde
vntrewe
of
theyr
promyses
/
had
leuer
suffre
grete
hurte
than
fay
●●ony
thynge
of
theyr
couenauntes
the
whiche
thynge
is
fayre
and
good
and
a
worshypfull
custome
.
And
yf
it
pleased
god
I
wolde
that
our
marchauntes
of
Fraunce
and
in
all
other
londes
wolde
do
in
lyke
wyse
/
and
thoughe
so
be
that
there
be
some
whiche
do
not
all
well
/
yet
I
tryst
to
god
there
be
many
that
be
good
and
trewe
/
ryche
/
honourable
/
and
faythefull
in
theyr
●●●yse
/
and
suche
I
praye
almyghty
god
saue
and
mayntey
ne
in
theyr
goodnes
For
it
is
a
grete
goodnes
to
a
countre
and
grete
rychesse
to
a
prynce
/
&
namely
to
the
comon
welthe
whan
●●
towne
is
substancyally
grounded
in
marchaundyse
and
many
marchauntes
dwellynge
therin
.
●herfore
these
Cytees
that
ben
set
vpon
the
grete
ryuers
be
comonly
ryche
and
full
of
people
/
for
bycause
of
the
grete
marchaundyses
that
be
brought
thyder
out
of
ferre
countrees
by
the
see
.
Also
these
sayd
marchauntes
ought
to
be
of
honest
&
clene
lyfe
without
ony
pompe
or
pryde
&
serue
god
incourage
&
drede
/
&
to
gyue
fayre
almes
of
the
goodes
the
god
hathe
sente
them
/
lyke
as
men
may
fynde
of
many
dyuers
that
haue
gyuen
the.
x.
parte
of
theyr
wynnynge
/
&
some
that
haue
founded
many
chapelles
/
and
dyuerse
places
of
prayer
/
&
hospytalles
for
poore
people
.
And
yet
there
be
suche
that
by
the
grace
of
god
for
theyr
good
merytes
deserue
to
be
rewar
ded
in
heuen
/
and
worshypped
in
this
worlde
.
¶
Of
the
thyrde
estate
of
the
people
.
Capitulo
.
lv
.
HEre
foloweth
the
thyrde
estate
of
the
people
whiche
ben
the
men
of
crafte
and
the
labourers
of
the
erthe
that
we
take
for
the
laste
partye
of
the
body
of
polycye
whiche
is
lykened
to
the
legges
/
&
the
feete
/
●nd
of
the
feete
Pulcarque
speketh
yet
and
that
they
sholde
be
soo
soueraynely
taken
hede
too
and
,
kepe
them
so
well
that
they
be
not
hurte
in
no
maner
of
wyse
.
●
For
the
hurte
of
theym
maye
hurte
the
body
ryght
peryllously
wherfore
the
body
hathe
the
more
nede
too
take
hede
therto
for
hurtynge
of
hymselfe
/
for
they
sease
not
to
labour
by
the
erthe
that
is
to
vnderstonde
for
the
dyuerse
laboures
the
men
of
●●a●te
vseth
and
doo
whiche
ben
necessary
to
the
body
of
man
/
and
may
in
no
wyse
be
without
them
/
lyke
as
mannes
body
maye
not
passe
but
that
he
sholde
go
lewdely
and
he
had
lost
his
fete
but
treynynge
on
his
hondes
with
●●●●e
payne
&
on
his
body
also
.
In
lyke
wyse
he
sayth
it
is
of
the
comon
thynges
/
for
put
away
the
labourers
and
them
that
vse
the
craftes
and
it
may
not
be
susteyned
but
all
shall
fall
.
For
the
offyce
of
men
of
crafte
whiche
clarkes
calleth
artyfycers
that
some
men
settel
ytell
by
/
yet
it
is
a
fayre
thynge
and
a
good
/
and
ryght
necessarye
/
as
it
is
sayd
before
.
And
amonge
all
other
thynges
that
ben
i●
ought
moost
to
be
alowed
for
bycause
that
amonge
al
worlde
ly
thynges
it
is
the
thynge
that
appocheth
nexte
the
scyences
/
for
they
put
in
vre
that
the
scyences
haue
shewed
before
as
Arystotle
saythe
in
his
Methaphysyke
/
for
he
telleth
that
theyr
werkes
ben
the
effecte
of
scyences
/
lyke
as
geometry
whiche
is
the
scyence
of
measures
&
of
proporcyons
without
whiche
no
crafte
maye
passe
/
and
so
of
other
:
And
thus
wytnesseth
an
exposytoure
whiche
saythe
that
they
of
Athenes
wolde
haue
made
a
meruayllous
auctoure
too
the
goddesse
of
●apyence
/
that
was
called
●ynerue
.
●nd
for
bycause
they
wolde
make
it
notably
and
of
curyous
entayle
they
toke
counsayle
of
the
moost
excellente
maysters
/
soo
they
wente
to
Platon
as
for
the
moost
souerayne
Phylosophre
at
that
tyme
in
all
scyences
.
●ut
he
sente
them
agayne
to
one
that
was
called
●●clydes
as
for
the
moost
souerayne
mayster
in
the
crafte
of
measures
.
For
he
composed
geo
metry
/
the
whiche
is
redde
euery
daye
in
the
generall
studyes
and
by
this
a
man
maye
knowe
that
the
craftes
foloweth
scyences
●●r
masouns
●arpenters
/
and
all
other
of
what
crafte
that
euer
they
be
of
worketh
after
the
techynge
of
scyence
and
to
the
worshyppe
of
arte
/
It
is
to
knowe
Ualere
saythe
that
arte
wyll
folowe
nature
as
whan
a
werkeman
countre
fayteth
proprely
a
thynge
that
nature
hathe
made
Lyke
as
a
paynter
that
shall
be
soo
connynge
a
man
in
his
crafte
that
he
wyll
make
a
fygure
soo
lyke
a
man
that
euery
man
maye
knowe
the
man
by
the
same
fygure
.
●●so
they
wyl
make
a
byrde
or
another
beest
that
euery
man
maye
well
knowe
it
is
lyke
vnto
another
.
In
lyke
wyse
a
Caruer
of
ymages
wyll
doo
the
same
/
and
thus
of
all
other
craftes
.
And
therfore
some
saye
that
arte
is
lykened
to
an
Ape
in
nature
.
For
lyke
as
an
Ape
counterfayteth
many
dyuers
maners
of
man
/
soo
arte
foloweth
grete
plentye
of
the
werkes
of
nature
.
●euerthelesse
he
saythe
after
warde
that
arte
may
not
folowe
nature
in
all
thynges
.
●lso
we
sholde
prayse
euery
subtyll
man
in
his
crafte
and
byleue
hym
for
bycause
of
the
grete
experyence
that
he
hathe
in
the
same
.
For
it
is
no
doubte
that
there
is
noo
man
so
properly
maye
speke
of
a
thynge
as
he
that
knoweth
it
.
And
amonge
these
men
of
crafte
/
there
ben
many
subtyltees
lerned
and
more
comonly
amonge
them
than
amonge
other
people
/
whiche
is
ryght
notable
and
fayre
▪
But
for
to
speke
nowe
of
theyr
maneres
and
condycyons
I
wolde
&
it
pleased
god
that
theyr
maner
of
lyuynge
myght
be
suche
as
god
wolde
be
pleased
wyth
.
For
our
lorde
wolde
that
theyr
ly●e
sholde
be
comonly
sobre
/
and
not
more
delycate
than
longeth
●n
to
them
whiche
maye
cause
them
to
leue
theyr
laboure
▪
For
the
lechery
of
taruernes
and
the
pleasaunces
that
ben
v●●d
at
Parys
maye
brynge
them
to
many
inconuenyentes
and
my●cheues
.
¶
And
of
the
voluptuous
lyfe
of
suche
people
and
other
lyke
to
them
Arystotle
speketh
and
sayth
that
moche
people
sen●e
to
be
as
beestes
for
bycause
they
chose
lechery
before
al
other
o●
lytes
/
and
of
this
false
opynyon
speketh
holy
scrypture
in
the
●e
conde
chapytre
of
the
boke
of
Sapyence
/
and
sayth
that
the
ryme
of
our
lyfe
is
shorte
and
full
of
grete
●nuye
and
in
the
ende
we
haue
no
rest
/
wherfore
these
foule
glottons
in
Lechery
saye
we
wyll
vse
our
yonge
lyfe
in
folowynge
of
our
lustes
/
and
we
wyll
tyll
our
belyes
with
wyues
and
metes
/
and
we
wyll
shewe
ouer
all
the
traces
of
our
gladnesse
/
and
without
fayle
suche
folysshe
and
vayne
wordes
men
may
often
tymes
here
not
one
ly
of
the
symple
people
/
but
as
well
of
other
people
that
for
bycause
of
theyr
estate
be
holden
for
wyse
men
:
Therfore
the
comon
people
for
bycause
that
they
be
not
for
the
moost
party
lerned
in
holy
scrypture
/
they
sholde
folowe
the
predycacyons
and
the
wordes
of
god
shewed
by
worthy
doctours
and
noble
●latkes
/
whiche
ben
profytable
to
all
crysten
people
.
¶
Al●o
Iusty
ne
recyteth
in
the.
xx
.
boke
de
●rogue
Pompee
/
that
in
the
Cy
te
of
●raton
wherin
were
paynymes
and
myscreauntes
Pye
togoras
the
Phylosophye
whiche
was
a
paynyme
withdrewe
them
from
theyr
euyll
lyuynge
by
his
exhortacyons
.
For
wh●●●
as
the
people
were
vycyously
dysposed
to
●lotony
/
to
vyces
/
&
to
Lechery
/
by
the
introduceyon
of
Pyetogoras
they
were
brought
agayne
to
contynence
and
to
clene
lyuynge
/
This
phyloso
phre
blamed
gretely
the
vyce
of
Lechery
/
and
shewed
howe
by
●hat
vyce
dyuers
Cytees
were
fellen
in
to
ruyne
●he
taught
y●●adyes
and
other
men
tolyue
chastely
/
and
that
they
sholde
be
sobre
in
theyr
metes
&
drynkes
.
And
the
sayd
Pyctogoras
dyde
so
moche
by
his
wyse
amonycyons
that
the
ladyes
lefte
theyr
●yce
arayes
.
And
the
men
to
leue
theyr
glotonyes
/
for
as
longe
as
he
was
amonge
them
and
that
was
the
space
of
twenty
yere
they
contynewed
in
good
lyuynge
by
the
good
meanes
of
his
techynge
/
and
this
good
dede
Iu●tyne
saythe
of
hym
.
For
in
the
towne
of
Methapontus
/
whiche
is
in
Puyle
/
where
as
Pyctogoras
was
borne
the
people
hadde
hym
in
so
grete
reuerence
that
of
the
house
where
he
dyed
in
▪
they
made
a
temple
&
Worshypped
the
sayd
Pyctogoras
as
a
god
/
soo
it
were
greate
nede
to
haue
suche
a
man
nowe
a
dayes
in
many
places
with
that
there
were
people
that
wolde
worke
after
his
counsayle
.
¶
Of
symple
labourers
.
Capitulo
.
lvi
.
Of
the
state
of
symple
labourers
of
the
Erthe
/
and
what
shall
I
saye
of
them
/
for
bycause
that
many
men
dysprayse
and
greueth
theym
soore
/
and
yet
●e
they
of
the
states
before
rehersed
moost
ne
cessary
and
namely
suche
as
be
tyllers
of
the
erthe
wherby
euery
creature
lyuynge
is
nourysshed
vppe
/
and
f●d●d●
/
and
without
the
same
this
deedly
worlde
sholde
fayle
in
ryght
shorte
tyme
/
and
certaynly
they
that
do
them
so
moche
harme
take
noo
hede
wherof
they
serue
/
For
who
taketh
hede
therto
euery
reasonable
creature
is
bounde
●●
them
/
and
therfore
it
is
pyte
that
ony
man
sholde
be
vnkynde
to
them
seyuge
the
notable
seruyce
that
they
do
to
euery
creature
/
&
certaynly
these
may
will
be
called
the
fe●●●
that
susteyne
the
body
of
Polycy
for
by
theyr
labour
they
susteyne
the
body
of
euery
persone
/
wher
fore
suche
maner
of
people
ought
not
too
be
dyspraysed
/
&
that
this
offyce
is
acceptable
to
god
●yrst
it
appereth
for
bycause
the
two
of
the
fyrst
heedes
of
the
worlde
of
whome
al
maner
of
lygna
ges
ben
ben
dyscended
they
were
labourers
of
the
erthe
/
&
the
fyrst
heede
was
Adam
the
tyrst
fader
of
whome
is
wryten
in
these
conde
chapytre
of
●●nesis
/
howe
our
lorde
toke
the
fyrste
man
&
put
hym
in
paradyse
of
delytes
for
to
worke
&
tyll
&
kepe
/
and
out
of
this
scrypture
a
man
maye
drawe
two
maner
of
argumentes
for
to
preue
the
honeste
of
laboure
.
The
fyrst
is
for
●ycause
our
lorde
ordeyned
it
hymselfe
and
it
was
the
fyrste
of
all
craftes
.
And
the
seconde
is
this
/
for
bycause
it
was
made
in
the
state
of
innocencye
.
The
seconde
heede
of
the
worlde
was
●●e
of
whome
after
the
deluge
is
dyscended
all
the
worlde
/
and
of
hym
is
wryten
in
●enesis
in
the.
ix
.
chapytre
/
that
●●e
whiche
was
a
labourynge
man
after
the
grete
flodde
toke
hym
to
laboure
the
erthe
and
planted
a
vyne
/
and
in
lyke
wyse
of
our
other
faders
as
auncyente
Patryarkes
whiche
were
erthe
tyllers
▪
and
kepers
of
beestes
/
wherof
at
this
tyme
●●eue
the
storyes
▪
for
bycause
of
shortenes
of
tyme
/
notwithstondynge
in
old●
tyme
it
was
no
foule
offyce
but
an
offyce
gretely
praysed
/
&
●●lo●us
telleth
in
the
story
of
the
Romaynes
how
Dyocl●sya●
the
●mperoure
of
●ome
after
that
he
had
goten
many
vyctoryes
and
bataylles
of
his
owne
propre
wyll
▪
He
wente
and
〈…〉
his
lyfe
in
a
vyllage
that
was
named
Salon
,
and
his
occupacyon
was
onely
in
labourynge
of
the
●rthe
.
¶
And
longe
ryme
after
as
the
lordeshyppe
of
●ome
felle
in
grete
defaute
for
lacke
of
good
gouernaunce
of
soo
worthy
a
man
as
he
was
.
●
They
sente
vnto
hym
Lentulyus
and
●leryus
/
besechynge
hym
that
he
wolde
retourne
agayne
vnto
●ome
and
too
take
vpon
hym
the
gouernaunce
of
the
Empyre
.
●o
whome
he
answered
&
sayd
.
●a
quod
he
yf
ye
had
sene
the
fayre
wortes
that
I
haue
planted
with
my
honde
ye
wolde
not
requyre
me
to
retourne
agayne
to
the
Empyre
And
this
is
as
moche
to
say
as
that
he
was
more
appeased
in
his
conscyence
in
that
poore
offyce
and
better
toke
hyt
a
worthe
/
than
for
too
haue
the
charge
of
soo
grete
and
so
peryllous
a
thynge
as
the
gouernaunce
of
the
Empyre
.
¶
And
to
this
purpose
Ualere
saythe
in
his
four
th
boke
/
in
the
thyrde
chapytre
of
Actylyus
the
ryght
worshyp
full
and
noble
Romayne
that
was
taken
frome
the
labourage
to
be
made
Emperoure
/
and
as
he
wente
at
the
ploughe
in
the
●elde
/
the
knyghtes
founde
hym
and
made
hym
chefe
conduysoure
and
rewler
of
all
the
Romayne
hoost
.
And
he
whiche
had
his
hondes
all
harde
for
holdynge
of
the
ploughe
after
that
he
lefte
the
gouernaunce
of
the
hoostes
of
●ome
establysshed
by
his
noble
courage
and
with
his
hondes
the
comon
welthe
whi●he
was
fallen
in
grete
myschyefe
before
his
comynge
/
wherfore
Ualere
saythe
/
the
hondes
that
gouerned
the
coupled
oren
at
the
ploughe
▪
toke
vpon
them
for
to
gouerne
the
ploughe
of
ba
tayles
.
And
after
that
he
had
goten
many
grete
vyctoryes
he
was
no●
ashamed
to
leue
the
dygnyte
of
the
Emperoure
and
retourne
agayne
to
the
same
laboure
whiche
he
came
from
before
.
—
¶
By
this
sayenge
maye
a
man
vnderstonde
that
the
state
of
symple
labourers
or
other
of
symple
estate
ought
not
to
be
dyspraysed
as
some
wyll
saye
/
when
soo
worshypfull
men
as
they
were
wolde
chose
for
theyr
last
rest
soo
poore
a
lyfe
and
so
symple
estate●y
for
the
moost
sure
bothe
for
the
body
&
soule
/
for
they
haue
sure
rychesse
that
ben
wylfull
poore
/
For
they
be
not
afer
de
of
no
treasons
/
empryson
ynges
▪
nor
robbynges
/
ne
to
be
gre
tely
enuyed
/
and
theyr
rychesse
is
suffycyente
▪
For
there
is
no●
man
ryche
without
suffycyent
/
and
also
there
is
none
other
rychesse
.
¶
And
for
the
affyrmacyon
of
this
thynge
I
maye
call
to
purpose
that
Ualere
saythe
of
a
ryche
man
in
suffycyaunce
as
is
declared
in
a
story
:
There
was
a
kynge
he
sayth
in
●yde
that
was
named
●yges
/
he
helde
hymselfes
o
myghty
and
so●
grete
that
he
wente
to
the
god
Appolo
/
to
aske
hym
wheder
there
was
ony
man
more
vrouse
than
he
was
/
the
god
Appolo
answered
hym
and
sayd
that
Aganyus
Sophydyus
was
more
brouse
than
he
▪
This
Aganyus
was
the
poorest
man
of
all
Arthadye
and
was
ryght
an
aged
man
/
and
yet
he
passed
neuer
his
lytell
●eclde
/
but
he
was
contente
with
lytell
fruytes
/
wherby
he
lyued
.
Thus
maye
a
manse
howe
Appolo
toke
pouerte
for
suffycyaunce
/
and
not
rychesse
/
for
as
moche
also
as
in
rychesse
maye
be
no
suffycyent
reste
/
ne
surete
/
but
grete
hertes
full
of
feere
and
trouble
/
And
thus
the
kynge
Gyges
whiche
wente
that
the
god
sholde
haue
affermed
that
there
was
none
so
vrouse
as
he
was
/
happened
to
be
deceyued
of
his
vayne
opy
nyon
and
lerned
by
Appolo
where
was
ferme
rychesse
and
bles
sydnesse
¶
This
felycyte
that
is
as
moche
to
saye
as
suffyoy
aunce
.
An
asagoras
/
and
also
Tholomee
proueth
in
the
prologue
of
the
almageste
where
he
saythe
/
he
is
vrouse
that
car●th
neuer
in
whose
hondes
the
worlde
be
/
And
too
proue
that
this
sentence
is
trewe
▪
lyke
as
all
the
wyse
men
/
the
poetes
/
and
namely
they
that
haue
chosen
the
clene
and
pure
lyfe
of
perfecty
o●
take
pouerte
for
theyr
grete
surete
▪
For
thoughe
so
be
that
in
all
states
a
man
may●●e
saued
/
yet
it
is
an
harde
thynge
too
passe
thrughe
the
flambes
of
fyre
without
brennynge
▪
For
it
is
noo
doubte
that
in
the
state
of
pouerte
whiche
euery
man
dysprayseth
ben
many
good
and
solempne
parsones
in
clenness●
of
lyfe
.
¶
Here
Xp̄ine
cocludeth
her
booke
.
Capitulo
.
lvii
.
NOwe
Iam
come
blessyd
be
our
lorde
to
the
ende
that
I
entended
/
that
is
to
saye
it
hath
lyked
our
lorde
to
gyue
me
power
to
make
an
ende
of
thys
presente
booke
whiche
I
beganne
at
the
heede
of
the
body
after
the
wrytynge
of
Pultarque
that
is
to
knowe
of
the
polycye
whiche
is
vnderstonde
by
the
prynces
to
whome
I
moost
humbly
requyre
/
and
fyrste
to
the
chefe
of
all
/
the
moost
noble
kynge
of
fraunce
/
And
afterwarde
th●
prynces
and
all
other
of
his
royall
bloode
/
that
the
dylygent
laboure
of
wrytynges
of
theyr
humble
creature
●p̄ine
/
as
wel
in
this
presente
dede
as
in
her
other
dedes
suche
as
they
be
or
may
be
/
that
it
myght
be
to
them
agreable
.
And
yf
so
happen
that
by
ygnoraunce
as
a
woman
of
lytell
knowlege
make
faute
in
ony
of
these
thynges
before
reherced
/
that
of
theyr
grace
she
myght
be
pardoned
.
And
that
the
entente
of
her
good
wyll
whiche
ente●●eth
not
but
to
all
goodnesse
and
to
the
ende
of
her
werke
may
be
pardoned
.
And
yet
I
may
for
a
rewarde
of
them
that
ben
lyuynge
and
theyr
noble
success●●res
the
kynge
/
and
other
prynces
of
Fraunce
that
for
remembraunce
of
my
sayenges
in
tyme
to
come
whan
the
soule
is
out
of
my
body
to
haue
me
in
mynde
in
theyr
deuoute
prayers
/
and
deuoute
orylo●s
/
offred
vp
by
them
.
That
they
wyll
requyre
of
god
for
me
to
haue
●●dulgence
and
remyss●on
of
my
defautes
.
And
in
lyke
wyse
I
requyre
knyghtes
and
noble
men
and
all
other
generally
of
what
parte
that
euer
they
be
of
▪
that
hereth
or
seeth
these
lytell
wrytynges
that
they
wyll
haue
me
in
theyr
memory
.
And
for
my
rewarde
that
it
wolde
lyke
them
to
say
a
/
●ater
nostc●
And
in
the
same
wyse
I
desyre
of
all
the
vnyuersall
people
/
whiche
thre
es●ates
and
all
in
one
/
our
lorde
for
his
holy
mercy
wyl
maynteyne
and
encreace
from
better
to
better
in
al
perfecyon
of
soule
and
body
.
¶
Thus
endeth
the
boke
of
the
body
of
Polycye
.