The analysis of chyrurgery being the theorique and practique thereof. Briefly composed for the benefit of all those who desire the knoledge of this worthy profession. By the paines and industry of Ed: Edwards Doctor in Physicke.

Now followeth the tract of the part Physiologia , or the seven things naturall aforesaid , as they lye in order . 1 Elements of which consider generally four things , i. as 1 what an Element is , it is 1 A body most pure and simple , unmixt , 2 The least part not dividable into any other kinde . 3 That whereof all things naturall have their originall . 2 their 2 Numbers which are foure , i ▪ 1 Fire , 2 Ayre , 3 Water , 4 Earth . 3 Qualities be 4. i. 1 Fire , is 1 hot and dry , 2 hot and moyst , 3 cold and moyst , 4 cold and dry . 2 Ayre , 3 Water 4 Earth , 4 operations are generally 2. i. 1 Active , i. to doe as is 1 heat and 2 cold , 2 passive to suffer to be done , as doth 1 drynesse , and moystnesse .

Note that these two active qualities of heat and cold , do work into the two passive qualities or drynesse and moystnesse to alter them .

2 Temperaments or complexions , wherin consider generally four things , i. e. that they are 1 generally 2. i. 1 well tempered , 2 evill 2 Particularly 9. . 1 1 simple , as 1 hot , 2 cold , 3 moist , 4 dry , 2 compound , as hot and 1 dry , 2 moist , cold & 3 dry , 4 moist , 2 3 4 1 four 2 3 4 2 one temperate by Equalitie of all these in perfect proportion , rara Avis , as hard to finde as a blacke Swan . 3 Either 1 simple , qualities of some or all the foure Elements , either 1 hot , 2 cold , 3 moyst , 4 dry , 2 compound , 4 To no end knowne by the differences of temperatures , if wee know them not by their signes also : for the which reade and consider well those rules , which are set downe by Levine Lemnie , written in his booke called the Touchstone of Complexions , where you may be sufficiently instructed , which in this place is too tedious to relate at this time . 3 Humours be generally two , i. 1 Naturall being 4. as 1 Bloud , Naturall and profitable . 2 Choler , 3 Flegme , 4 Melancholy , 1 Bloud being either too 1 thinne , by 1 heat , 2 cold . 2 thicke , 2 adust & so the 1 subtile , parts 1 choler , 2 melancholy become 2 grosse , 3 distempered by mixing of other humors , as of 1 choler , 2 flegme , 3 melancholy , &c. 2 Choler eyther 1 Vitiline , like yolks of egges , 2 Eruginous , like verdegresse , 3 Prassyne , like juyce of hearbs , 4 Azure or blew . 2 Vnnaturall , and are of divers sorts , as 3 Flegme eyther 1 Vitria , like melted glasse , 2 Acide , sowre like vineger , 3 Salt , like brine , 4 Gypsum , like white morter . 4 Melancholy being of two sorts eyther of brent 1 blood , 2 choler , and is the worst , Note that of these three things aforesaid , i. as 1 Elements , all the members of the body are made . 2 Temperaments , and 3 humours , 4 Members are generally two , i. 1 Simple , being 11. as 1 Bones , 2 Cartilages or gristles , 3 Ligaments , 4 Veines , 5 Arteries or heart pypes , 6 Nerves or synewes , 7 Cords or tendons , 8 Panicles or felmes , 9 Simple flesh , 1 substance , 2 use or office , 3 temperatures , 4 utilities . 10 Fat , 11 Skinne , in all these consider these foure things , i. their 2 Compound , as are the 1 Head , 2 Heart , 3 Liver , 4 Lungs , 5 Legs , 6 Armes , 1 Braine , 2 Heart , 3 Liver , 4 Testicles or stones , 7 Hands , &c. Whose other diversities are generally five , whereof some are 1 Principals being 4. as the 2 serving the principals are 4. as the 1 veines , to carry the spirit 1 naturall , 2 vitall , 3 animall 4 sperme or seede . 2 arteries , 3 nerves , 4 spermatick vessels . 3 Proper of themselves and others , as the 1 Belly , 2 Kidneyes , 3 Matrix , &c. 4 Excrementall and not proper , as 1 Hayre , 2 Nayles . 5 Neither governed , nor doe governe others , as are the Bones , Gristles , Glandles , Fat , Simple flesh , &c. 5 Of the powers , vertues , or faculties , being three , of which proceedeth the actions , being the 1 Animall , whose actions generally are double , i. 1 sensitive being also double , as , 1 Externall or outwards , as , 1 Seeing , and are called the five senses . 2 Hearing , 3 Smelling ; 4 Tasting , 5 Touching , 2 Intern or inward , called the vertue principal or common sense as 1 imagination , 2 reason , 3 remembrance . 2 Motive done by the sinewes and muscles , being their instruments of voluntarie motions all these proceed from the braine by the nerves . 2 vitall , which 1 have two motions , as 1 Active to dilate the heart and Arteries , as in 1 joy , 2 hope , 3 mirth , &c. 2 Passive , the heart and arteries , and to binde them , as in 1 care , 2 feare , 3 sadnesse , 4 sorrow , 5 revenge , 6 melancholy , &c. proceedeth from the heart by the arteries , and serveth to carry the spirit vital & lively heat , to all the members , which arteries or heart pipes do spring from the heart . 3 naturall , 1 proceeding from the liver , sending nourishment to all parts of the body by the veins that grow out of the liver 2 hence proceed the four naturall vertues , i. as those foure vertues doe their operations thus by degrees one after another , i. as 1 attractive , wrought by 1 heat , & drith , 2 cold , 3 heat , & moysture . 4 cold , 2 retentive , 3 disgestive , 4 expulsive , 1 attraction is made , 2 retention til the disgestive vertue have alterd it fit , 3 digestion to alter the property by heat , as aliment into Chyle , Chyle into bloud , and bloud into flesh , &c. 4 expulsion to expel & cast out the excr . &c by this faculty we doe 1 nourish our bodies , 2 increase and grow , 3 ingender more of the kinde , &c. The sixth of the operations done by the foresaid three vertues . 6 The vertue 1 Animall moveth 1 Apprehension , in the two former ventricles of the braine . 2 Fantasie , 3 Imagination , 4 Opinion , 5 Consent , &c. 1 Iudgement , in the middle ventricle of the braine . 2 Esteeme , 3 Reason , 4 Resolution , 5 Disposing , 6 To discerne , 1 Remembrance , in the hinder ventricle of the braine . 2 Knowledge , 3 Calling to minde 2 Vitall moveth , 1 Mirth , by vitall heat stirred up in us either 1 moderate , 2 immoderat 2 Ioy , 3 Hope , 4 Trust , 5 Humanity , 6 Victory , 7 Glory , 8 Boldnesse , 9 Mercy , 10 Feare , 11 Sadnesse , 12 Despaire , 13 Envy , 14 Hatred , 15 Anger , 16 Mildnesse , 17 Stubbornesse , 3 Naturall , moveth , and 1 Altereth 1 Aliment into Chyle , 2 Chyle into bloud and humours , 3 Bloud and humors into flesh , &c. 2 joyneth . 3 formeth . 4 ingendreth . 5 nourisheth . 6 increaseth . These actions proceed from the faculty or vertue , being cause of the action , & not contrary , i. the action is not cause of the faculty , for the actions are certaine movings and affections as abovesaid , stirred up by those three vertues or faculties , i. 1 animall , 2 vitall 3 naturall . The seventh are Spirits proceeding from the three vertues aforesaid . Spirits , wherein consider these five things , which are 1 An ayrie substance , i. 1 subtle , 2 stirring the powers to performe the office and operations . 2 Bred of the most pure and thinne parts or vapours of the bloud and humours sent to each part of the body , whereby each member may doe his office . 3 Principally , seated , i. the 1 animall , in the 1 brain , to stir up 1 moving & feeling , 2 heat & life , 3 nourishing , 2 heart , 3 liver , 2 vitall , 3 naturall , 4 sent from those foure principall members to all parts of the body i. the 1 animall , by the 1 nerves , 2 arteries , 3 veynes . 2 vitall , 3 naturall , 4 5 As a Prince doe move his Councell , and the Councell the subjects , so every one according to his vocation as it is appointed by nature , so that every inferiour must be ready to serve his superiour . Remember diligently , seeke ever to preserve these seven things naturall aforesaid , by the right use of the sixe things not naturall , following . note that we 1 preserve health , by things 1 like in quality . 2 contrary 2 cure diseases , Note the spirit 1 Vitall , is ingendred of the vapour of the vital bloud in the heart and arteries . 2 Animall , is ingendred of the spirit vitall , carried up to the head by the arteries , and there more disgested , for which purpose nature hath the Rete mirabile in the braine , as a manifest changeable maze . 3 Naturall , infuseth and breatheth its nutritive vapours and spirits to nourish the parts of the body . Also in these seven things naturall , consider these nine things following , whether you meant to preserve health , or to cure diseases . Of the nine things that are to be considered in things naturall . Consider these nine , i. the 1 Strength of the patient , if that faile , medicine is used in vaine , 2 Complexion , which must be countergarded , although it be evill , as a thing of custome , for custome is like another nature . 3 Members whether 1 simple , 1 principall or noble , 2 serving to the 3 not able at all ▪ 2 compound , 3 organick , as 4 sensible , because 1 the 5 insensible , 2 whose form or figure may be unfit in 1 magnitude , 1 eye cannot endure so strong a medicine as the flesh , &c. 2 nerve cannot endure so strong a medicine as the lygament , &c. 2 number , 3 figure , 4 situation , &c. 4 Habit ; i , a body either 1 fat and fleshy , 2 leane , 3 delicate , 4 rusticke , &c. 5 Age , for often youth is curable , when the aged cannot in the like case , and the strong sooner than the weake , &c. 6 Sexe or kinde for 1 Eunuchs , cannot endure medicines so strong as men . have bodies 1 weaker , then men of like temperament . 2 moister , 3 softer , 2 Women , 3 Children , 7 Time of the 1 yeare , for some medicines are fit in the Spring , and others in other seasons in the like disease , used , i. A. 2 Day to observe order . 3 Disease as 1 beginning , every one must have medicines according to the time : where the time is unknowne , the cure is unknowne . 2 augmentation , 3 state , 4 declination , 8 Region , 1 The order of cure must differ according to the region . 2 hot , cause humor , 1 subtile & thin , their use , 1 coolers to thicken it 2 heaters to make it thin 2 grosse & thick 3 cold , 9 Custome 1 must be observed as the proper temperature , as 1 citizens , must be used according to their custome 2 courtiers , 3 easie livers , 4 rustickes , 5 carters , 2 brings properties , example if they eat or drinke either Ptisan , either they 1 vomit , 2 scowre , 3 be very sicke therewith . Apples , Milke , Cheese , Partrich , &c. Things annexed to things naturall , are foure , fit to be considered . These foure are 1 Ages be generally , as from the 1 birth to 25 hot & moist , all which time the body 1 groweth , & is 1 sanguine , 2 cholericke , 3 melancholicke . 2 is in perfect growth , 3 beginneth to decrease 2 25 to 40. hot and dry , 3 40 to 60. cold and dry , 4 60 to the end of life , 1 accidentally cold & moist diminishing the strength of the body , and all the powers and faculties thereof . 2 naturally cold & dry , 2 Colour , and is in two sorts observed of the 1 body caused two waies , i. 1 inward , i according to the humours abounding , clymat for country , 1 hot make 1 sallow , 2 blacke , 2 cold make 1 white , 2 pale , &c. 2 outward in two sorts , i. 2 here be generally 4 sorts , i. 1 blacke , hair signifieth , 1 either abundance of 1 choler inflamd 2 blood adusted , 2 too much heat , not adust , 3 excesse of melancholy , 4 lack of naturall heat , caused of putrified flegme . 2 red , 3 gray , 4 white , 3 Figure or habitude of body , as 1 good proportion of the foure humours , causeth good temperature , and comely proportion of body . 2 thicke and tall , sheweth excesse 2 heat and moisture , Sanguine 3 heat & drynesse , Cholericke 4 cold and moist , Flegmatick . 3 thin and leane , 4 fat and grosse , 4 Diversity of kindes are generally 3. i. the 1 male is hotter , then other kindes of the same complexion , as the male is hotter then the female , 2 female is colder Epafroditus is 1 both male and female , 2 temperate in heat and cold . Age must not be accounted according to the number of years , but rather after the temperature of the body , for some are 1 old at 40. as those 1 cold and dry , soone waxe old . 2 hot and moist , are long yong and lusty . 2 yong at 60. Now of the second part of the Theoricke , called Hygiena , or res non naturales , i. things not naturall , being sixe , as followeth in order , as 1 Ayre that doe inviron us , in which consider sixe things , i. the 1 The temperature of its owne nature is hot and moist . 2 Difference is of two sorts , i. 1 good and temperate to our bodies ▪ 2 evill and distemperate 3 qualitie is altered by three things , i. by the 1 Region either 1 well tempered . 2 evill 2 winds being foure , as 1 East is hot and dry attractive , 2 West , cold and moist expulsive , 3 South , hot & moist putrificative , 4 North , cold and dry retentive . 3 wind is the body and spirits altered . 4 Situation of the place , as 1 stony , cold , and dry 2 sandy , hot , 3 marish , cold , 4 woody , hot and moist , 5 fatty , 5 body may alter by the ayre three wayes , i. by the 1 qualitie in three sorts , i. by the 1 region , 2 windes , 3 situation of the place . 2 substance , 1 grosse and thicke , 1 clowdy or troubly is worst , make the 1 body fat and strong , 2 wit dull and slow . 2 pure and cleere , 1 thinne is best , 2 makes men 1 lively and nimble , 2 sharpe wits , 3 sudden change , for nature cannot away with sudden changes . 6 Vtilities are these , it 1 ingendereth the spirit animall , 2 is the matter of our respiration , 3 Author of 1 life to mortall men . 2 diseases 3 death 2 Meat and drinke herein consider six things , i. the 1 quantitie must be according to the 1 substance either 1 grosse and hard of digestion . 2 fine and easie 2 qualitie either 1 hot , moderate , or immoderate . 2 cold , 3 dry , 4 moist . 3 Complexion of the eater , &c. 2 qualitie some 1 are either 1 hot , and that either temperately in degree . meanly extremely 2 cold , 3 dry , 4 moist , 2 nourish 1 much , 2 little . 3 make juice either 1 grosse and thick , 2 watry and thin , 3 meane and temperate : 4 be 1 good , 2 evill . 3 custome 1 in feeding must be well regarded , 2 it is like another nature , 3 makes bad meats by use better to some , than better meats , 4 of such meats and drinks as best like the eater , are oft best , 5 if it must needs be left , doe it by little , in health , if it may be . 4 order 1 eate 1 not that first that should be last , 2 first things that 1 molifie 2nd loose the belly , 1 except it be loose , 2 as 1 broth , 2 milke , 3 reare Egges . 4 all that properly loose 2 be stiptick if you will bind a loose belly . 3 not 1 slippery meats first lest they hastily draw downe other meats undisgested . 2 restrictives , lest they let the descending of other meats . 2 Drinke . 1 not till some thing be eaten at meales , 2 the strongest first , and smallest after , 3 moderately helps 1 digestion 2 to mingle the meat , 3 the meat the better to passe its juyce 1 Liver , 2 Veines , 3 Arteries , &c. 4 Parts for to nourish . 5 Time in it observe three things , i. time of the 1 age , as in my golden Key you may observe . 2 yeare , 3 day 6 Age 1 children should eat meat hot and moyst moderately , drinke no wine it hurts them . 2 young men 1 may eat 2 must 1 Sallets of coole herbs . 2 Meats more drinke little Wine , use all these moderately , fit to the 1 colder , and of grosser substance . 2 moister , complexion , exercise , custome . 3 Old folks must use meats 1 hot and moist , doe 1 make the humours thin , 2 purge and clense the bloud by urine . 2 easie to disgest , 3 and drinks that Place this before Folio 17. Of Fulnesse and Emptinesse , i. Repletion and Inanition . 3. Repletion or fulnesse in it consider generally these eight things in the 1 substance it is either 1 aliment either 1 profitable , 2 hurtfull . 2 spirits being either 1 grosse and thicke , 2 thin , subtle and pure . 3 humours either 1 good , 2 bad . 4 Excrements being divers . 2 kinds are in 2 sorts , i. in 1 quantitie and in 2 sorts , i. of 1 Aliment , and is also in two sorts , as sacietas quoad 1 vasa , 2 vires . 2 humours and is in 2 sorts , i. of 1 Plenitudo , i. when all the humours abound equally in the 1 Veines , 2 Arteries . 2 Cacochyma ▪ i. when one humour alone aboundeth as 1 Choler , 2 Flegme , 3 Melancholy , &c. 2 qualitie the humours being either 1 hotter , then is fit and are then called also Caerochymiall . 2 colder , 3 thicker , 4 thinner , 5 salt , 6 sowre , &c. 3 Differences i. 1 universall , possessing 1 all the body . 2 some part or member . 2 particular . 4 Place is divers according to the matter offending , be it 1 aliment , 2 spirits , 3 humours , 4 excrements . 5 cause is either 1 generall as of 1 meats being either 1 in the way of disgestion . 2 utterly forsaken of naturall heat , and so doe corrupt . 2 humours being either 1 Plenitudo , 2 Cacochymia . 2 particular , i. either of 1 Spirits , 2 Excrements . 6 Signes are according to the cause and diversitie of fulnesse . 7 cure must be 1 according to the 1 matter offending , 2 place offended , &c. 2 fit evacuation , S. A. 1 either 1 generall , 2 particular . 2 in 1 Plenitudo by bleeding , &c. 2 Cacochymia , by purges , &c. 8 accidents are divers according to the 1 cause , 2 place wherein it is contained , &c. Now of Inanition or Emptinesse . 3 Inanition , i. Emptinesse , in it consider these sixe things , i. the 1 Definition , it is 1 emptinesse and lacke either of 1 aliment , 2 spirit , 3 humour naturall , &c. 2 a diminishing or let of any of those eyther 1 generall , 2 particular . 2 kinds are either 1 generall , where either 1 all the body waxeth thin & weake , slender and empty . 2 some particular part , 2 particular , 3 Differences are generally two , i 1 universall in all the body . 2 particular in some part of 4 causes are either by 1 nature , the body or member so made , 2 Art so done , i. by 1 purging , 2 bleeding , 3 sweating , &c. 3 accident as either by 1 obstruction either stopping the passage of by excrement , &c. 1 vitall heat , 2 nutritive , &c. 2 a fluxe either 1 washing the naturall substance , &c. 2 exhibiting the juyce nutritive , or the spirits from the place . 5 Signes are Atrophia , which is a 1 wasting of the body or part , &c. 2 consuming 6 Cure is by Removing the cause , s . A. 2 restoring the lost substance , &c. ( if it may bee done . ) Of sleepe and watch . 4 Sleepe and watch , in it consider generally seven things , i. sleepe . 1 what it is 1 sleep is rest and quietnesse of the 1 vertue animall , i. 1 sence , and 2 motion . 2 body and minde , 3 spirits . 2 the image of death , 3 Deaths eldest brother , saith Galen . 2 the cause is 1 a sweet vapour of nourishment sent up to the braine , 2 the coldnes of the brain that turns those vapors to humour which 1 close the conduits of the nerves 2 stop the waies of the 1 sence , 2 spirits , 3 prohibit the spirits . 3 times of sleep are generally 2. i. sleep in the 1 day , chiefly after noon , is hurtfull to health , and utterly to be disliked for the most part . 2 night , it fit to sleep 7 or 8 houres , as cause requireth . 4 the manner of it is either , 1 long , according to the 1 temperature of the body , 2 disease and time of it , 3 custome . 2 short , 3 meane , 5 the differences are generally two , i. the 1 moderate , whose effects are shewed in my golden key . 2 immoderate , 6 and watch the utilities , these two being 1 fitly used , comfort much , 2 moderately used , they 1 refresh 1 the memory and al the sences 2 chiefly the 1 spirits , 2 animall faculty . 2 quicken and refresh the spirits , 3 helpe digestion , expell excrements , &c. 7 or watch the Hurts of either of these abused as immoderate , 1 watch 1 makes giddy braines , 2 ingenders rheume , 3 postmes , 4 troubles the spirits , 5 causes rawnesse and crudities , 6 idle braines and idiots , &c. 2 sleep 1 dulleth the sences , 2 cause much superfluous excrements , 3 makes grosse spirits in 1 old folkes , 2 children , 4 it retaines excrements , 5 it fils the braines with crudities . Looke more of these in my Golden Key . Of Exercise and Idlenesse , i. moving and rest . 5 Moving and rest . 1 Exercise , i. moving , 1 is eyther of the 1 body , or both . 2 minde , 2 in it consider generally these two , i. the 1 Differences being generally two , i. 1 moderate , i neither too 1 much , 2 little . 2 immoderate , i. 1 vehement , 2 excessively . 2 effects , i. the 1 moderate , doe 1 stir up naturall heat , 2 quicken the spirits , 3 open the pores , 4 wast excrements of the third digestion , 5 make the 1 body , strong , 2 spirits , 3 sences , 6 comfort all the members , 7 profit nature much . 2 immoderate doe 1 hurt the body and parts , 2 wast the body and spirits , 3 dry 4 consume 5 weary 6 overthrow natures actions . 2 Idlenesse and rest the 1 Differences be two , i. 1 moderate , not excesse , 2 immoderate and excesse . 2 Effects i. the 1 moderat doe 1 comfort nature . 2 refresh 3 maintaine health , 1 sences , 2 body and parts , 4 fortifie & strengthen al the 2 excesse 1 dulleth the 1 minde , 2 sences , 3 principall instruments , 2 causeth 1 great 1 cruditi 1 humors , 2 excrem . 2 plenty of evil 3 and cold sicknesses , 2 infinite infirmities . 3 hasteneth old age , 4 causeth deformity . Affections of the minde are generally of two sorts . 6 Affections of the minde are generally two , i. 1 Content , 1 as in 1 hope , 1 effects these 1 dilate the heart & arteries , 2 bring out the 1 vitall spirits , 2 naturall heat . 3 doe comfort and strengthen all the parts of the body and minde , in all their actions . 2 differences are generally two , i. 1 moderate , which doe 1 comfort , 2 hurt 2 imoderate , body and minde . 2 joy , 3 love , 4 mirth , &c. 2 wherein consider their 2 Discontent , 1 as in 1 anger , 2 hatred , 3 feare for things to come , 4 care for things past , 5 sorrow , 6 griefe of minde , &c. 2 whose effects are , i. 1 that diverteth the vitall heat and spirits into the center of the heart , and thereby consumeth and dryeth the 1 vitall spirits , 2 body , & causeth leanenesse 2 these are the 1 fore runners of body and minde 2 destroyers 3 overthrowers 4 murtherers 3 hastners of old age , death , by extinguishing and drying , or consuming vitall heat and moysture . 4 observe more of these sixe things called res non naturales , in my book called the Golden Key . consider how to use these sixe things not naturall , before said , both to 1 preserve health , which is done by like quality and nature , for every thing is maintained by its like , & so must the 7 things natural aforesaid be preserv'd & maintaind 2 cure diseases , which is done by things of contrary quality , for every disease being a thing against nature , must be cured by its contrary . Of the third part called Pathologia , i. res contra natura , i. things against nature , being generally three , as followeth . 3 Part. Things against nature are generally 3. i. the 1 disease being of three sorts , i. intempary of the similar parts in 1 quantity being eyther too 1 much , 2 little , 2 quality being either too 1 hot , 2 cold , 3 dry , 4 moist , 2 evill confirmation , this hurts organicks in 1 figure , 2 number , 3 magnitude , 4 situation . 3 solution of unitie in both , 1 simple and organick parts . 2 Cause being three , i. 1 primative , i. 1 outwards , as 1 wounds , 2 contusions , 3 fractures , 4 dislocations , &c. 2 or by some outward hurt or meanes . 2 Antecedent , i. of evill humors , &c. being either 1 hereditaries , i. bred in the mothers womb , by some infection , &c. from the parents , or weaknesse , or ill forme of some part or member . 2 after the birth by 1 evil dyet , disorder , &c 2 accident or abuse , &c. 3 Conjunct , which appeareth after the collection of the matter offensive , in some part or member , & never else , & is ever present in the body or part offended . 3 Accidents or symptomes 1 are called Insulsum , i. a bragge or reproach of the whole body , or part , saith Jerimeus Thriverius . 2 doe follow the disease , as the shadow doth the body 3 doe offend 3 waies , wherein the action is either 1 abolished 1 hurting the quality either by vehement 1 heat , 2 cold , 2 any accident or cause . 2 changing 1 the natural heat into inflammation , 2 scabs into lepra , &c. 2 diminished . 3 depraved or wholly lost . Of the fourth part called Semotica , i. the judging part or judiciall part , i. the Prognosticke part . This fourth part how to judge of diseases . 1 What 1 they be 1 hot , 2 cold , 3 simple , 4 compound , 5 infectious or not , acute or coronicke . 2 nature they be of either 3 danger , or none like to follow . 4 cure , 5 time of cure long or short . 6 the cause is and to prove that it is either 1 to be cured , and by what meanes , 2 not to bee cured , and the reason why . 7 medicines in quality & operation are fit to be used . 2 whose judgements are taken generally of foure things , i. of the 1 Disease it selfe , 2 Nature of the part , 3 Symptomes or accidents , 4 Excrements voyded by nature .

Note that these foure parts aforesaid , are the contemplative parts of this thrice worthy faculty of curing , which ought to be first exactly knowne of any professor herein , before hee enter into the practicke part ; for upon these foure pillars , was this worthy art built , and is as necessary to the Artist , as the head to the body : for as the body that hath all other members , and wanteth the head , can doe nothing for want of knowledge , so it is with the Artist that wanteth these foure Theoricke parts , which in him are required : for he is ever ready to mayme , kill , or spoyle his unfortunate Patient , that enters under his hands , sooner than to help or cure him , for lacke of the knowledge of these foure parts afore mentioned .

Of the Therapeuticke , i. the practicke part , being the second generall part of Chirurgery , of some called the fifth or curatiue part . 2 Part , Theraputica , or Practica , i. practise . 1 sheweth the 1 method of curing diseases . 2 manner or way 2 is triple , that is , 1 dyet , i. the right use of the 6 things not naturall . 2 Pharmacopia , i. the use of medicine eyther 1 inwards , 2 outwards . 3 manuall operation , i. hand working . Note ever , where one of these three will serve , use no other . All operations agreeable to the rules of the Theoricke part aforesaid , which the skilfull Artist must follow effectually in his practise .

These unfortunate people that seeke to the unskilfull for cure of their infirmities , may wel be compared to a foolish man , who having a garment to make , will not put it to a Taylor to do it , but to a Smith or a Carpenter to make it , and though it be not his profession , yet peradventure for lucre of gaine , he will undertake to doe it , but how well ( every man of judgement may conjecture ) but now commonly , most people in these our dayes , seeme to have more care of making their garments , than the cure of their maladies . To make a garment , they will looke out the best workman , but to cure their infirmities ( though it stand on life or limme to be lost , ) they as soone chuse a sillie woman , or an ignorant fellow ( chiefly if they have gotten a little applause of the vulgar ) before the learned and skilfull Artist , and why ? because those idle brained wretches that neither feare the wrath of God , nor make conscience of their waies , will not onely adventure , but make sure promises to cure any that they take in hand , though it be unpossihle to be cured by the art or skill of man ; for how can they foreshew the danger , that know it not , but to get money ? and some thinking to get praise of others for their worke , will undertake any cure , so bold and impudent are they , yet neither know the disease , nor any perfect way to cure it , but as the blinde man shot the Crow ; but the more unwise those that employ them , as woful experience daily sheweth too much , and were perfect knowledge herein gotten so lightly , as these Ignorants seeme , then vainly were all those great volumes made , and so great study employed thereon .

The end of this worthy art or faculty . promise no more than you may with a good conscience performe , and consider 1 That health lyeth not in thy hands to give , therefore promise and performe onely thy painefull diligence and industry . 2 There belongeth to every cure generally , these foure things , i. the 1 Determination of God , 2 Good industry and skill of the Artist . 3 Honest act of the Apothecarie , 4 Obedience and good usage of the Patient . 3 Of these foure parts abovesaid , there is but one in thy hands to use , or two at the most . 4 The end of this worthy art is eyther to 1 preserve , so farre forth as art and nature may afford . 2 cure , Foure speciall things to be considered of every man that will practise this famous worthy art of medicine . These are the foure things to consider , i. 1 First , let your honest manners be equall to your excellent knowledge , therefore be 1 faithfull to your diseased Patient . 2 true 3 trusty 4 honest , of life and conversation . 5 sober 6 comfortable in words , 7 not deceiveable in deeds , 8 ever serving of God , love and pray unto him daily for his grace and assistance , and consider the end wherefore thou art called to use this worthy faculty , it is not onely for thine own gaine , as too too many do now abuse it , but you ought with all diligence to search out the secrets of nature , and endeavour chiefly hereby to stir up Gods glory , shewing his great goodnesse towards us , by comforting and curing the sore , sicke , and diseased people . 2 Before you take charge , foresee these six things , i. whether it be 1 honest before God and man , 2 profitable to the Patient , 3 easie to be done , and the reasons how and why it may , or may not bee done . 4 hard 5 possible , 6 impossible 3 to admonish and urge the Patient to observe the three conditions of a Patient , i. to 1 hope with assurance , 2 obey with diligence , 3 endure with patience , consider also that medicine was not ordained for disorderly persons , saith Hippocrates . 4 There be three causes why you should refuse the cure , i. where the 1 disease is uncurable by its own nature , or the party so weak , that he cannot endure fit remedies . 2 cure of one disease causeth a worse . 3 Patient is disobedient , and wil not observe fit order in all things as is requisite for the cure , for medicine , saith Hyppocrates in his Aphorisme , was not ordained for disorderly and disobedient persons . Briefe instructions for the Artist to consider , being called to a Patient , both generally and particularly . First when thou seest the Patient , consider well 1 generally two things , i. what is 1 done , 2 to be done . 2 particularly these eight things , i. to know perfectly the 1 disease whether it be eyther a 1 tumour against nature , 2 wound , 3 ulcer , 4 fracture , 5 dislocation , &c. 2 kinde , i. whether 1 simple , 2 compound . 3 Differences wherein they differ the one from the other . 4 causes . i. whether 1 primitive , 2 antecedent , 3 conjunct . 5 Signes , 1 generall , 2 particular . 6 Prognostication what is like to follow , i. 7 Accidents that follow the disease as the shadow doth the body . 8 cure , in which consider the 1 perspectation , i. 1 what must be done first , and so to proceed , s . A. 2 to foresee what may crosse your cure , & how to prevent it . 2 intentions fit to use in 1 dyet , 2 preperation of the matter , 3 evacuation , 4 corroboration , 5 preventing or removing of accidents , 6 cure at all times , 7 manuall operation . Of Tumors in generall being but three . Tumors in generall be three , i. 1 according to nature , as the 1 balles of the cheeke , 2 brawnes of the 1 armes , 2 legges , &c. 3 muscles , &c. 2 Aboue nature which 1 causeth deformity onely , 2 hurteth not the action , use , nor office of the member , but can doe things without let or hinderance . 3 against nature , are generally three , i. 1 Humoralis being generally two , i. 1 simple be generally two , i. 1 hot being two , 1 Phlegmon , of bloud , 2 Erisypilas , of choler . 2 cold , being 2 , 1 Oedema , of flegme , 2 Scirrus , of melancholy . 2 Compound of many humors mixt together , being generally two , 1 equall when 1 when all foure humors be equally mixt , 2 two are equally mixt , 2 unequall , as two parts of one , and but one part of another . 2 Flatuosus , i. a windy tumor of spirits or vapours , as are 1 Timpanites , 2 Priapismus , 3 Hernia Ventosa , &c. 3 Varicosus is sometimes of 1 Spirits , 2 humours , 3 both spirits and humours . Now of the severall branches that spring of the tumors aforesaid . From 1 Phlegmon springeth these ten branches following , i. 1 Phygithlon , i. Emunctory tumors inflamed , 2 Bubo , tumor of the groyne inflamed , 3 Phyma , a hot push , as a Fungus , 4 Fornuculus , a felon or whitflowe , 5 Antrax , a Carbuncle , 6 Gargareon , uvula inflamed , 7 Paristhma , Tonsilla inflamed , 8 Anurisma , an artery delated , 9 Gangrena , an inflammation not mortified , 10 Sphacelus , mortification confirmed . 2 Erisypelas , springeth these 5 branches following , i. 1 Herps 1 Miliaris , i. pustles that eat . 2 Excedence , 3 Formica , 2 Phlictene , blisters , 3 Epinyctides , blew pustles , 4 Hydrea , pustles , i. night galls , 5 Dracunculus , crimson veynes . 3 Oedema , whose branches are nine , as followeth , i. 1 Atheroma , a soft tumor of the head , &c. with matter like oatmeale or pap , without paine . 2 Steatoma , with matter like grease , with hardnes , i. Napta , 3 Meliceris , i. great softned , with gravelly hard matter , 4 Hydrocele , Hernia aquosa , or humoralis , 5 Ascites , a hot dropsie , 6 Leucophlegmata , a cold dropsie , 7 Chyradis , Serophulus , the Kings evill , 8 Bronchocele , i. Bocium , a great tumor about the throat , 9 Hydrocephalea , a watry tumor in a childes head . 4 Scirrhus , whose branches are ten , as followeth , i. 1 Cancer , i. an unequall 1 Occultus with 1 out ulceration , 2 an 2 Vlceratus 2 Elephantiasis lepra , i. an universall Cancer , 3 Psora , dry scabs , itch , and is not lepra . 4 Enchymoma , contusions , i. blacke and blew , 5 Varices , swolne veynes , 6 Sarcocele , Hernia Carnosa , flesh growing to the testicle , 7 Polypus , spungy flesh growing in the nose , 8 Verruca , warts , 1 Acrochordonis , hangs by a threed , 2 Myrmeciae , broad , alow , sharpe , above , 9 Cornua , Corus and hard 1 feet , with labour . 2 hands , Callus on 10 Calbo , 5 Flatus as is before mentioned with many more . 6 Varicosus , whose branches are fourteen , i. as 1 Vitilig , i. morphew , 2 Exanthemata , i small poxe or measels , 3 Parotides , tumors behind the eares , 4 Mentagra , i. scabs on the chin , 5 the 5 rupturs 5 Entercole omentum , i. the carle fals down into Serotum . 6 Epilocele , the testicle 7 Enteroepiplocele , when both 8 Bubonocele , a tumor of the flanke , 9 Exomphalos , a tumor of the navell , 6 7 8 9 10 Arthritis , all gouts , 11 Chiragra , hand gout , 12 Sciatica , huckel bone gout , 13 Genugra , knee gout , 14 Podagra , feet gout , &c. Of Wounds . A wound is solution of unitie new , bloudy without matter or putrifaction , whose difference is generally taken of three things , i ▪ of the 1 nature of the parthurt being either 1 simple i. in parts , 1 soft in the 1 flesh , 2 fat , &c. 2 hard , i. in 1 bones , 2 joynts , &c. 3 meane , as 1 veynes , 2 arteries , 3 tendons , &c. 2 organicks which are three , i. 1 principals , i. the 1 braine , 2 heart , 3 liver , 4 testicles , 2 servants to these principals are 1 veines , 2 arteries , 3 nerves , 4 vessels spermaticke 3 proper to themselves , as 1 belly , 2 kidneys , 3 matrix , &c. 2 the wound it selfe is eyther 1 simple without & healed by the first intention , i. conglutination , 1 losse of substance , 2 accident , 2 compound 1 with accidents , as 1 lost substance , 2 contusion , 3 dolour , 4 tumor , 5 inflammation , 6 convulsion , &c. 2 requires intentions to cure it . 3 differences are divers , some are 1 great , 2 little , 3 easie to cure , 4 dangerous , 5 mortall , &c. the utilities by the perfect knowledge of these above said things , we have foure speciall utilities , for thereof is taken the 1 Prognostication , 2 intentions curative , 3 invention of fit medicine 4 perfect manner of applying of medicines most fit . Of Vlcers . An Vlcer is solution of unity , with matter differing in substance , and every Vlcer is eyther 1 simple without accidents whose names and differences are taken of five things generally , either of the 1 disease being either 1 simple , 2 compound . 2 cause being either 1 primitive , 2 antecedent , 3 conjunct , 3 kindes which are divers , as 1 plaine , 2 hollow , 3 fistulous , 4 filthy , 5 sanious , 6 virulent , 7 cancrous , 8 corrosive , 9 putrifactive , &c. 4 Sanies eyther 1 good , 2 evill , 5 accidents as with 1 dolour , 2 tumour , 3 inflammation , 4 induration , 5 Callus , 6 evill flesh , 7 hard lippes , 8 distemper , 9 varices , 10 wormes , 11 bones corrupted , &c. 2 compound , without accidents Of Fractures . Every Fracture of the bone is eyther 1 simple without any other malady , and are generally three , eyther it is 1 rift , that cleaveth the bone long wise , 2 overthwart , broken short off , 3 oblique , whose sharpe ends hurts the flesh , and causeth dolour , &c. 2 compound , either with 1 a disease , as with 1 a wound , 2 contusion , 3 gangrena , 4 a mortifying tumor , &c. 2 accidents , as with 1 dolour , 2 itch , 3 inflammation , 4 tumor , 5 hard legature , &c. 1 old folkes because they be 1 hard , and 2 dry , 2 cholericke persons 3 the ribs with 1 inflammation , 2 spitting of bloud , 4 joynts and heads of the bones , 5 the scull , how little soever be dangerous , 6 which 6 be many broken pieces , 7 is a wound because of the binding , 7 8 bones with much marrow . 1 hard to cure , are these in 2 easier and lesse dangerous to cure , are all simple fractures of the 1 ribs , 1 armes , 2 legges , 3 fingers , &c. 2 middle of the bones of the 3 yonger , soft , and moist persons . 3 joyne in 1 head in 35 dayes , 45 40 16 20 2 thigh in 3 legs in 1 the 3 arms 4 nose in 5 ribbes in 6 jawes 7 shoulder 8 cannell 9 hands 10 feet 11 hanch and point of the shoulders in forty daies , 2 al according to the nature of the 1 bone , 2 age , 3 aire or region , 4 time , constit . &c. Consider Fractures Of Dislocations . Every dislocation is eyther 1 simple , and is either 1 perfect , i. an absolute Dislocation . 2 imperfect , i. a luxation not altogether out , i. either the 1 wrench is 1 forwards , 2 backwards , 3 side waies . 2 ligaments , be over stretched or broken . 3 tendons , 4 n●●es , 2 compound , and is either 1 perfect , then is the bone displaced eyther with 1 Dolour , 2 Tumour , 3 Wound , 4 Fracture , 5 Contusion , 6 Induration , &c. 2 imperfect Now having briefly discoursed both of the Theoricke and practicke parts of Surgery , I will briefly touch some other needfull things for the Artist not onely to know , but also to be very expert in the use thereof . The three operations of the Surgion aforesaid , i. to 1 seperate things hurtfull . in these operations , consider these sixe things , i. to worke 1 safely , without hurt , 2 speedily , not detracting time , 3 easily , with little paine as may be . 4 Doing as you would bee done to in the like case . 5 for competent reward , and not onely for lucre , ungodly . 6 not warranting the cure , but flye uncurable things as much as may be ; promise no more than art may performe , and performe that faithfully . 2 joyne things divided , 3 reduce things displaced To perform these abovesaid three things the better , hee must know the perfect manner and exact waies to accomplish his intent , both in 1 things 1 medicinall , 2 manuall as follow . 2 stitching of wounds , 3 fit ligature or rollings . 4 making of 1 tents , 2 splints , 3 stupes , 4 bolsters , &c. Instruments and meanes in generall which be in common use to work by manuall operation to accomplish this great work in Surgery , are 11. as 1 stitches are generally three , as 1 conglutinate , or incarnative are five in particular ▪ 2 compressive , 3 reservative . 2 Tents , whose sundry sorts are eight . 3 Bolsters , whose sundry sorts are sixe . 4 ligatures be three sorts , i. 1 conglutinate or incarnative , 2 expulsive , 3 retentive . 5 bleeding artificiall be generally foure , as 1 Phlebotomy to open a veine , 2 Arteriatonica to open an artery , 3 Ventose with scarification , 4 Sansugium or horseleaches applyed . 6 Cetous , 1 active by fire , 2 potentiall by burning medicines . 7 Cauteries are two , i. 8 Bathes are generally two , i. 1 naturall , 2 artificiall . 9 Frications are three sorts , i. 1 soft , 2 hard , 3 meane . 10 Sweats are generally of two sorts , i. 1 naturall , 2 artificiall . 11 To doe all the operations with all its instruments , the 1 medicinals are generally 11. i. 1 Anodines , 2 Repercussives , 3 Attractives , 4 Resolutives , 5 Mollificatives , 6 Suppuratives , 7 Mundificatives , 8 Incarnatives , 9 Conglutinatives , 10 Corosives , 11 Cicatrizatives . 2 manuals , under which is comprehended the use of his 1 Instruments in generall , s . A. handy work , i. to 1 reduce 1 fractures , 2 dislocations . 2 separate things hurtfull , 3 joyne things divided , 4 use frications , &c. Now to begin with stitches , tents , bolsters , &c. and so to proceed in order as they are before mentioned , a briefe touch of them all as followeth . Stitches in generall are of three sorts , so named by their effects , as 1 Conglutinative , and is of five sorts , i. the 1 first , ordinary in wounds , thus , 2 secondly , with the Needle left in the place , as in stitching the hareshorne lippe , &c. with the threed wound about the needle , thus , 3 thirdly , with quils or leather , &c. 4 fourthly with hookes , 5 fifthly , the dry stitch . 2 compressive is 1 that stitch which Skinners use , 2 used to 1 stop great fluxe of bloud , 2 wounds of the 1 guts , 2 panicles , &c. 3 Reservative , i. 1 as other stitching , but not drawne so straight together as the other . 2 good in wounds , 1 rend , 2 torne , 3 ruptured , &c. Also there bee other stitchings wherein I referre you to the beholding of the cunning doer of them , with many of the abovesaid also . consider in stitches these thrce things , i. the 1 Divers sorts of them , 2 Divers manner of their doing , 3 utility which is eyther to 1 unite , 2 retaine . Of tents , when , how , and to what end they are used , whereof they are made , and of their divers formes . Tents , of which consider generally these foure , i. they 1 serve to eight sundry uses , i. to wounds , 1 Deep , to enlarge and mundifie , 2 needfull to keepe open , 3 with filthy matter , altered by the ayre , &c. 4 contused , 5 bitten , 6 rend , 7 venemous , 8 8 sores where the bone must be handled , 9 fistulaes , 10 sores that must be kept open . 9 10 & 2 are made some of 1 soft old linnen cloth , 2 tow , cotton , flaxe , wooll , &c. 3 gold , hollow , 4 silver , 5 lead , 6 spunge , 7 eldern pith , 8 gention roots , &c. 3 are of divers forms , i. 1 some are 1 long , as need requireth . 2 short , 3 bigge , 4 little , 5 hollow , 6 massive , 2 all are taper wixt , the better to enter in . 4 are applyed sometimes 1 dry , 1 unguents , 2 waters , 3 powders , &c. 2 dipt in consider of tents generally these foure things , i. their 1 substance whereof they are made , 2 formes , 3 manner of application , 4 sundry uses as abovesaid , being eight . Of Bolsters or Plumatioles . Bolsters they are made eyther of 1 flaxe or tow , 2 cotton , 3 wooll , 4 fine linnen 1 cloth , 2 ragges , 5 sponge . 2 for the most part of sixe sorts , which take their names of their uses , as bolsters , 1 retentive to stop bloud , 2 conglutinative , or incarnative , 3 expulsive , 4 restrictive , 5 confortative . 6 conservative . 3 applyed , some , 1 wet , 2 dry ▪ 4 some to 1 compresse the member divided , 2 nourish naturall heat , 3 conserve 4 keepe the member from paine of rolling , &c. Consider in bolsters these foure things , i. their 1 substance , 2 sixe sorts , 3 manner of application , 4 sundry utilities . Of Ligatures or Roulings . Lygatures or Roulings are of three sorts , i. 1 Conglutinative or Incarnative , used in 1 greene wounds , 2 fractures , &c. 2 Expulsive used in hollow 1 Apostomes , 2 Wounds , 3 Old ulcers , 4 Fistulaes , &c. 3 Retentive , being common , used onely to keepe on medicines , being applyed , &c. herein consider sixe things , i. the 1 substance 1 woollen , 2 linnen , &c. 2 length , 3 breadth , 4 sort which is best for your purpose , 5 manner of doing it , 6 utilities , &c. Of bleeding , and the manner thereof in generall . Bloud is evacuated generally three waies , i. either by 1 nature , as by 1 Menstrua , 2 Hemoroyds . 2 Art , done either by 1 Phlebotomy , i opening a veine , 2 Arteriatomia , i. opening an artery , 3 Ventose , with scarification , 4 Leaches or bloud-suckers applyed . 3 Accident , as by eruption by 1 nose bleeding , 2 vomit , of bloud . 3 spitting , 4 Dissenterie , or bloudy flixe , 5 pissing of bloud , 6 Varices , 7 Anurisma , or ruption of an arterie , 8 Erosion in ulcers , &c. 9 Wounds , 10 Divers other casuall meanes . Note that we bleed eyther by 1 Evacuation , i. to bleed abundantly , 2 Eventation , when humours boyle and bubble in the veynes by evill quality , and done by little at once to vent the vapours . 3 Revulsion , to divert or plucke backe , or opposite the humour to the opposite part in full bodies , &c. 4 Derivation , derive the matter from one part to another , flowing before it bee fully setled or congealed , as in Plurisie , &c. Of Phlebotomy , with divers observations to it belonging , it is an artificiall incision of veynes . The Artist that must be admitted to let bloud , must 1 1 sharpe sighted , 2 steady , strong , and nimble handed , 1 good 1 launcets , 2 flemes , &c. 3 ligatures . 2 bands , 3 cotton , i. lint , 4 bolsters , 5 restrictives to stop bloud , &c. 3 much used to this operation , 4 furnished with things necessary , as 2 3 be 4 5 5 number of veines usually opened , which are thirty nine , i. in the 1 head 15 2 armes 6 3 hands 6 4 fundament 4 5 legs 8 6 true place of the veynes , that he mistake not . 7 right way to open them , which differ according to the 1 place , 1 little , 2 great , 3 deep or aparent . 2 veynes , either 3 bloud , eyther 8 manner how to doe it , i. 1 first , to make 1 frication , 2 ligature ▪ 2 secondly , 3 thirdly , the vein being found stirre it with your thumb or finger , that it slip not , then open it , s . A. 4 fourthly , after the evacuation , 1 remove your ligature , 2 close with wound . 3 apply your lint & bolst . 4 then binde it up , s . Ar. 2 know perfectly the 6 7 8 9 never let bloud without the counsell of the learned Physitian , and doe it as he appointeth , i. 1 open the right veine , 2 draw the just quantity of bloud , if possible . 10 observe these three orders very diligently , what is to be done , 1 before , bleeding . 2 at the present time of 3 after Of him that giveth counsell to let bloud . The Artist that giveth counsell to let bloud , must consider that it is done with an intent 1 generally eyther to 1 preserve health , in which hee must consider in all persons , these eight things following , i. as 2 remove diseases , 2 particularly eyther to 1 Evacuate , 2 Draw out , 3 Restraine , 4 Alter , 5 Disburthen nature , The 1 Age , if to 1 preserve , doe it not to 1 children before fourteen yeares old , 2 old folks after seventy 2 remove diseases , doe it to all ages , s . A. 2 Strength , if 1 strong , bleed largely , 2 weake , bleed more sparingly , 3 Habitude if 1 good , with great veines , bleed largely , 2 ill , bleed lesse . 4 Country , if 1 hot , bleed the 1 more , 2 lesse . 2 cold , 5 time , if to 1 preserve , doe it in the Spring , chiefly in the morning , 2 cure sicknesse , doe it at all times when need is , s . A. 6 Custome , being done either to 1 prevent some disease , 2 avoyd excrements that hinder health , as 1 menstrua , 2 Hemoroyds , &c. 7 Signes and rules of astronomy , are of some 1 observed , 2 omitted chiefly of the most learned , 3 nay , of all in extremity neglected . 8 orders to be observed are generally three , as how to use the Patient . 1 before , bleeding , followeth 2 at the present time , 3 after What to doe before bleeding . Before bleeding , consider generally these eight things , i. 1 first , who may 1 bleed , 2 not bleed . 2 why we bleed , it is for two causes , either to 1 preserve health , & prevent sicknes 2 cure diseases . 3 foure waies to bleed , it is done eyther by 1 evacuation , to empty 1 much , 2 little , 3 and draw backe , 4 neere hand . 2 eventation , 3 revultion , 4 derivation , 4 foure things put backe bleeding for a time , till they be remedied , 1 cruditie in the 1 stomacke , 2 veynes . 2 Compaction of filthy humours , hurtfull in any part , 3 Costivenesse with dryed excrements , 4 weakenesse of the mouth of the stomacke . 5 that Egestion be voyded before bleeding . 6 The strength 1 of the party , either 1 strong , 2 weake . 2 to consider thereby the quantity fit to draw . 7 The veynes if it 1 appeare not , how to helpe it , 2 be small , bleed after meat , s . A. 1 Also have all needfull things for your use , ready in place before you begin . What is required at the present time of bleeding , there is required in the Artist and Patient , generally two things . At the present time of bleeding , there is required in the 1 Artist in generall , these sixe things , i. to 1 have cleare and perfect 1 sight , 1 day , 2 candle , 2 light either by 2 prepare the member , 1 first , by friction , 2 secondly , by ligature , 3 thirdly , to stay the veyne that it slip not , 4 fourthly , to open it , s . A. 3 consider which is the best way of the three to open it , eyther 1 long wise , 2 overthwart , 3 oblique . 4 know 4 when to make the orifice , 1 large , or 2 small . 5 6 how to 5 govern the patient in time of bleeding . 6 redresse any accidents . 5 6 2 Patient in generall , these three things , as 1 quietnesse both of 1 body , and 2 minde . 2 willing obedience , 3 bold and stout of courage , voyd of feare . After bleeding . After bleeding there is required in the 1 Artist these five things , i. to 1 remove the ligature . 2 close the wound , and binde it up , s . A. 3 place the member fittest from bleeding , &c. 4 Instruct the Patient how to governe himselfe in 1 Dyet , 2 Exercise , 3 Sleepe , 4 Venus acts , &c. 5 discerne and judge of the bloud , what and how it is by the 1 colour , 2 substance , 3 contents , 4 taste , &c. 2 Patient diligently to obey , and not to omit the precepts of the cunning Artist , lest hee repent his folly too late , saying had I wist . Of Arteriatomia or opening of an Arterie . This is an artificiall opening of the artery , used chiefly but in two places , i. 1 on the temples , whose 1 manner of opening is 1 first , shave the place , 2 secondly , rub the place with a napkin , &c. 3 thirdly , make small incision , 4 fourthly , having drawne sufficient , stop it . 5 apply either 1 a plaister of Masticke , 2 halfe a Beane slit in two 6 then binde it fast . 7 some cut 1 the artery , throgh 2 not the artery 2 utilities are for 1 great fluxe of Catars to the 1 eyes , 2 breast , &c. 2 sicknesse of the head caused of 1 hot flux inveterate , 2 vaporous spirits contained in those arteries . 3 long dolour of the sides . 4 all dolours that proceed of a hot pituitous substance . 5 swimming of the head , 6 giddinesse 7 long fluxion of the eyes . Of Ventosing or Boxing . Ventoses are applyed in two sorts , either with 1 scarification , in these consider these eight things , i. 1 what it is , 2 for what intent you doe it . 3 which sort is best to use for your purpose , either with scarification or without . 5 what places are fittest to apply them , both generall and particular . 6 requisite 6 before the application , 7 the manner how to apply them , 8 after the application . 7 8 2 out scarification , Of the differences betweene 1 Phlebotomy draweth bloud deeper than 1 boxing , 2 bloudsuckers . 2 Ventoses purge more the 1 thin bloud than the thicke , 2 utter parts than the inner parts . 3 Leaches or bloud-suckers draw deeper then Ventoses . we apply Ventoses with 1 scarification , 1 to the 1 necke behinde neere the head , for diseases of the 1 face , 2 head , 3 eyes , 4 palsie , &c. 2 mids of the shoulders in 1 coughes , 2 difficulty of breath . 3 sides of the necke and chin , in defects of the 1 mouth , 2 gummes , 3 teeth , &c. 4 shoulders for the 1 breast , 2 shoulders , 3 plurifie , &c. 5 reines , for apostoms of the 1 reines , 2 liver , &c. 6 armes 1 pained 1 stead of bloud-letting , 2 yong and old . 2 used in 7 Os sacrum for 1 fistulaes , 2 Hemoroydes . 8 thighes , good in 1 strangurie 1 matrixe , 2 reines , 3 bladder , &c. 2 ache of the 9 legges , 10 ancles , 2 it is 1 somewhat painefull 1 divert 2 evacuate 2 done either to 2 out scarification to the 1 mould of the head to 1 stay rheumes , 2 draw up the uvula . 2 Hypoconders to divert bleeding at the nose : if the right nostrill bleed , apply it on the liver , if the left , on the spleene , so in all other parts : Galen . 3 beginning of the nerves in the poule for Palsie . 4 parts under the Paps to divert 1 menstrua , 2 livers ventositie . 5 ribbes to reduce them . 6 Navell for the 1 matrix falne , 2 winde collicke , 3 dolour after purgation . 7 Flankes , for ventositie of the spleene . 8 Vritories to draw downe the stone and gravell into the bladder . 9 Eares to draw out 1 a thing contained therein , 2 venim or poyson , 3 matter , &c. 10 orifice of ulcers 11 tumors to draw matter that lyeth deep to the utter parts , &c. 12 necke in squinsie , &c. 13 biting of venemous 1 beasts , 2 wormes , &c. Things to be considered before you apply Ventoses . Before you apply them , consider these sixe things , i. 1 the time of the 1 Moone , doe it 1 in the full , 2 not in the wane , 2 day is best about 2 or 3 after noone , 3 being of the glasses , &c. on the place is halfe an houre . 2 in plethoric bodies doe it with scarification . 3 if the bloud be 1 thick , 1 scarifie the deeper , 2 and grosse , foment the place with hot water , and rubbe it well with a hot cloath . 2 thin , 1 scarifie lightly , 2 rub the place with the hand first . 4 If you will scarifie , then apply first , ever a dry Ventose , and then scarifie , and then set on the Ventose againe , s . A. 5 Rub well the place first all about with your hand very well to disperse the bloud and humours , before you apply your Ventose . 6 Apply your Ventose an houre or two after the bath , and never in the bath . The manner of applying Ventoses . If they be of 1 Horne , &c. to sucke , prepare the place , and apply them without scarification , then sucke them with your mouth . 2 Glasse , &c. put waxe or some sticking plaister within , in the bottome , then put in your tow that it sticke fast to it , then fire the tow with a candle , and clap the mouth of the glasse close on the place , s . A. 3 any sort , 1 draw sufficient , 2 remove them often if need be , and new scarifie it , and wipe it dry , and then apply it againe . 3 if it bleed not well after the first scarification , then rub the place with the mouth of the glasse , or thryp it with your naile , and garse it anew , and set on the glasse againe . 4 Let it remaine a reasonable time to draw out sufficient , if not at one time , reiterate it two or three times , and ever scarifie it new . If winde or evill bloud , grosse and thicke doe it , after that dry the place scarified with a soft cloath , and then anoynt the place after the use of the Ventose with oyle of Roses , fresh Butter , &c. After the ventosing is finished . After ventosing , consider these four things , 1 dry the place eyther with a soft 1 cloath , 2 spunge . 2 next , anoynt the place eyther with 1 oyle of roses , 2 fresh butter , &c. 3 he may sleepe within an houre after it . 4 if done with scarification , governe them as those let bloud . Ventoses 1 must not be set on 1 womens breasts lest they enter too deepe . 2 other soft places 2 if they will sticke fast being applyed , foment the place . 3 must not be kept on long , chiefly 1 about the principall parts or members , 2 behinde the 1 necke , 2 shoulders , on the right Hypoconder , &c. Of application of Horseleaches . In the use of these consider 1 make good choice of your wormes , some be 1 good , and are 1 found in 1 cleare waters , 2 ponds with sandy ground or gravell . 2 with little heads and small bodies , 3 round red bellied , 4 rayed on the backe like threeds of gold , 5 kept a day or two in cleane water to 1 cleanse them , 2 draw the better . 6 by some kept a yeare in a glasse , and change the water once in 10 daies , with crums of bread . 2 maligne or venemous , i. 1 bred in filthy pooles with carrion , &c. 2 with great heads , 3 greenish colour with blew raies on the backe , with blacke bodies . 4 these cause 1 tumors venemous , 2 inflammations , 3 ulcers . 5 Messalinus dyed by putting one on his knee . 2 these are used where ventoses cannot , as on the 1 lips , 6 legges , 10 old ulcers , 11 apost. 11 venemous , 12 emunctory , 12 13 places bare of flesh . 7 fundament , 8 matrix mouth 9 parts empty of flesh , 2 nose , 3 groyne 4 fingers 5 toes , 3 Diseases wherein they are most used , i. 1 morphew , 2 ring wormes , 3 great itch in any part , it s fitter then scarification , 4 set to the hemeroyds , they evacuate from all the members , and excellent for melancholy . 4 how to apply them 1 first , let the place be very cleane , else they will not bite , 2 then rub the part till it waxe red , 3 then apply them , hold it neere the head with a cloth , then pricke the place that it bleed , or put a drop of bloud on the place , and then put the head of the Leach to it . 5 how to 1 make him draw 1 much 1 cut off his tayle , 2 or strip out the bloud with your fingers , 2 little , leave him whole , and being full , will fall of himselfe , 2 remove him , put on his head either 1 salt , 2 vineger , 3 sinders or ashes , separate him with a hayre . 6 being fallen , if he bleed too much , apply either 1 lynt , 2 brent cloath , 3 a cloth wet in cold water and vineger , 4 Hysop stampt , &c. Of Cetous and the use of them , &c. Cetons , in it consider in generall sixe things , i. 1 Quid , it is usually a little cord eyther of 1 hayre , 2 threed , 3 silke , 4 cloath , 5 woollen yarne , &c. 2 the intent why we use them is eyther to 1 divert fluxes , 2 draw out humours , &c. 3 manner of applying is 1 with fit Instruments , 2 eyther with 1 fire much used in old time , 2 out fire , now most in use . 4 the places commonly of their application , are generally foure , i. the 1 neck behinde , between the first and second vertibers to divert & draw 1 fluxion , 1 head , 2 eyes , 3 gummes , 4 jawes , 5 loynes , 6 backe , 7 hanches , 8 joynts , 2 cattars , &c. from the 3 rheums that fal from the head to the 1 stomacke , 2 lungs , &c. 2 Navell swolne with watry humours , &c. 3 cods or scrotum for 1 watry humours , 2 Hernia aquosa , &c. 4 wounds 1 through the 1 legges , 2 thighes , 3 armes , &c. 2 the better to purge the matter . 5 the utilities are to 1 revell or turne a fluxe to the contrary part , 2 derive or draw from the place conjunct , 3 evacuate , 4 intercept , prevent or stop a fluxe , that it fall not to a place to hurt . 6 the order to governe him after it is done , i. 1 first dresse it presently with a disgestive two or three daies , and so proceed , s A. to other intentions , 2 secondly , put in a new Ceton when need is , 3 thirdly , after the Ceton is taken away , purge the Patient , and so doe before you apply any . Of Cauteries in generall with their use , &c. Cauteries in generall are of two sorts , i. 1 Actuall done by metall in instruments , in the applying of which , consider generally three things , i. what to doe 1 before , in which consider 1 the differences , 2 which sort is best for your purpose , 3 their effects , 4 how they further your intent , 5 who is fit thereto . the 6 complexion of the body , 7 nature of the part , 8 disease , and how it may benefit , 9 time of application , 10 places usuall thereto . 2 at the time present , i. to 1 to comfort the Patient with good words , 2 know how to apply the cauteries 3 prepare the place , f. A. 4 to be carefull in doing it , and doe it with good consideration , 5 doe it boldly and effectually , not regarding the clamour or cry of the Patient , but doe what must be done , yet be not butcherly , 6 binde him fast if need be . 3 after it is done , consider how to 1 Dresse the place , 2 continue the issue , and how long , 3 remove the accidents , and what they bee that usually happeneth thereby . 2 Potentiall done by burning medicines applyed , Of the actuall Cauteries . In actuall cauteries consider these five things in generall , i. 1 it is very profitable in many diseases . 2 it s made 1 either of 1 gold , 2 silver , 3 iron , 4 steele , 5 lead , &c. 2 in divers formes , as the worke and place requires . 3 places to apply them are divers , i. 1 to the coronal future 1 at the end of the sagitall future , 2 for 1 megrim , 2 other paines of the head , 3 to draw grose vapours from the braine , 4 Epilepsia to breath out venemous vapours at the part . 2 as cause is to 1 revell , 2 derive , 3 intercept , 4 evacuate . 4 the utilities it is 1 without venemous quality , more 1 healthful , 2 sodainly done 3 sure operation . 2 enemy to all 1 venime , 2 corruption , 3 free from causing any accident , 4 to preserve the part from putrifaction , 5 wonderfull to consume a maligne quality hid in the body or member , applyed to the place grieved 6 excellent to 6 correct a cold weake distemper , 7 consume & dry superfluous moisture , 8 good in 1 tooth ach , 2 eares payned , 3 squinsie , 1 almonds , 2 columella , 4 inflammation of the 5 rheums 6 polipus 7 aegilops 8 ulcers corosive maling all these following in 9 sciatica , 10 gangrens , 11 great fluxe of bloud , 12 mortification , 13 carbuncles maligne 14 bubons 15 corrupt bones to sep . 16 venimous bitings , &c 5 after removing of them , apply a fit disgestive to remove the asker , and then use other things , s . A. Of the potentiall Cauteries . The potentiall Cauterie is 1 Medicines which by extreme heat doe burne the part like fire , 2 of these be divers kinds both 1 simple , 2 compound , 3 naturall , 4 attificiall . 2 Carefully to be considered the nature & temperature of the 1 person that its applyed to , if 1 strong and rude , use strong 2 delicate and tender use weaker medicines . 3 lean 4 nervous , 5 tendous , 6 to the heads of Muscles , 2 great 1 Veines . 2 Arteries . 3 body repleat , then first bleed , purge , &c. 2 place 3 Applyed to divers parts for divers causes , i. 1 chiefly to the 1 Head , 2 Armes , 3 Legs , &c. 2 To the head in 4 places , the haire first shaven 1 oftenest to the forehead where the sagital and coronal Isutures meet , it must penitrate to the bone , good for Flux of the Eyes , Megrum , Head-ach , Epilence , Difficult breathing , Obthalmia , Red face , Tooth - ach . Eares Squinsie , Vuula , falne . Almons , 2 also 2 behind the eares on each side of the head . 3 above 3 at the end of the Suture Lamdoyd , not on the Muscle Cratophit , to be sure hold your finger on the place , and cause him to open and shut his mouth , to and fro , so may you perceive the Muscles end , 4 to the neck 1 betweene the first and second vertiber , 2 for 1 inveterate flux of the eyes , 2 catters to stop them from falling to the brest 3 distillations 3 Item , in the inside of the armes about the midst of it neere the 1 Veins , but touch them not . 2 Arteries , 4 on the legge three inches from the knee either in the 1 outside betweene the two bones , 2 inside neere the Veines . 4 Applyed to divers other parts 1 of the body to issue out matter contained 2 as in 1 vehement dolour , 2 humours maligne , 3 vaporous fumes . 4 Emunctories 1 to expell 1 vapours , 2 humours . 2 doe it before perfit suppuration ▪ Of Baths . Baths are either universall or particularly used and are generally of two sorts , i. 1 Naturall in the use of which consider generally five things i. their 1 Qualities either 1 hot , 2 cold . 2 Effects as to 1 bind . 2 loose . 3 open the pores . 4 restraine . 5 make thin . 6 heat . 7 coole . 8 dry . 9 moisten . 10 clense . 11 evacuate . 12 resolve . 13 appease dolour , &c. 3 Vtilities , i. as to 1 preserve health . 2 cure diseases . 4 Order , i. the 1 Preparation of the body before . 2 Manner 1 of bathing . 2 to hot 1 closeth the pores . 2 stops excrements . 3 heats the bloud . 3 Time 1 to bathe is either 1 in the morning fasting . 2 at 4. after-noon . 2 stay - 1 in it the 1 day halfe an houre . 2 next one houre or two . 2 ing into long hurts . 5 Hurts being ill used , i. 1 immoderately 1 dryeth the body 2 weakens 2 goe not in with a full stomack it hurts much . 3 also not to dry the head well after a Bath doth very much hurt . 2 Artificiall Of Frications or Frictions . Frictions in it consider these six things , i. their 1 Definition , it is a rubing or friction of the vtter parts of the body , or part either 1 generall on all the body . 2 a particular part as 1 Head , 2 Arme , 3 Legge , &c. 2 Kinds are three , i. 1 hard . 2 soft . 3 mean . 3 Times 1 it may be done at all times , chiefly in the mornings . 2 are either 1 long . 2 short . 3 mean . 4 Effects it 1 hard and 1 long it 1 fasteneth , constraineth , makes the flesh hard . 2 extenuateth , dissolves , makes revulsion . 2 short it 1 makes the skin red for a time . 2 leaveth the flesh moist , and very little hard . 3 mean , increaseth and filleth with flesh , but hard . 2 soft and 1 long 1 evaporateth and breatheth out . 2 diminisheth the flesh . 3 openeth the pores of the skin . 4 leaveth the flesh soft and moistneth . 2 short makes little alteration . 3 mean 1 makes thick 1 soft , 2 foggie . 3 moistish 2 agments and filleth with flesh , yet 3 mean and 1 long diminisheth and leaveth the flesh neither 1 hard . 2 soft . 2 short 1 warmeth a little . 2 leaveth the flesh in a mean . 3 bring so in 1 quality agments the flesh neither to 1 hard . 2 soft . 2 quantity 5 manner of doing it 1 either with a 1 warme hand . 2 sponge . 3 course linnen cloth warme , &c. 2 in this order 1 soft and easie till the place become red . 2 begin below and so ascend upwards . 6 utilities it 1 disperseth 1 humours . 2 spirits . 3 excrements . 2 warmeth and exciteth naturall heat . 3 looseth and openeth the pores of the skin . 4 mollifieth or hardneth , used accordingly . 5 diverts Fluxes , Rheumes , &c. 6 canseth free passage of bloud and humours in the fleshy parts . 7 prevents or removeth 1 Scabs . 2 Itch. 3 Tumours . 4 Cramps . 5 Cold. 6 Dolour of divers parts . 7 Discusseth winds and crudities , &c. All the Applicative Medicines which the Chyrurgion useth , their operations are generally but eleven as followeth . These are those eleven as 1 Anodines to appease paine are of three sorts done either by 1 Attractives , 2 Evacuatives , 3 Narcotticks . 3 Repercussives be three sorts done either with things either by 1 cold and moist , 2 cold and dry , 3 hot and astringent to corroborate . 3 Resolutives are of two sorts , i. 1 Rarificatives , 2 Disgestives . 4 Mollificatives done by strong heat and little 1 Drynesse , 2 Moisture . 5 Attractives three sorts done either 1 elementall quality , i. heat and thin substance , 2 hidden propertie as Purges worke , 3 accident . 6 Suppuratives , i. two sorts done by 1 things hot and moist , 2 accident . 7 Mundificatives they 1 separate out excrements by hidden property 2 draw 3 scoure 8 Incarnatives scowre and dry moderately to increase flesh . 9 Conglutinatives be 1 dryer then 1 Incarnatives . 2 Cicatrizatives . 2 lesse dry 10 Cicatrizatives be hot and astringent , some 1 proper by nature . 2 Artificiall . 11 Corosives are of three sorts , i. 1 Vesicatories , 2 Causticks or ●uptories . 3 Corosives . More of all these shall follow in order to shew more at large particularly . Of Anodines to appease paines . These be generally of two sorts , i. 1 Proper and are all that contrary the cause of pain , which is either 1 distemper of 1 heat , for heat or cold cause sharpe pains , & cause sodain change 2 cold , 3 dry do cause mean pains . 4 moist cause little dolour . 2 solution of unitie . 2 all that 1 open , of matter either thick , viscous , windy , vaporous , sharpe , cold , &c. 2 purge , 3 rarifie , disburthen nature 4 disgest , 5 attenuate , 6 evacuate , 3 done so that it exceed not above one degree of temperature , of the distemper that causeth the pain in either 1 heat , doe all S. A. 2 cold , 3 drith , 4 moisture , 4 used 1 first to contrary the disease , 1 inflamation , 2 fluxion , 3 tumour , &c. 2 in pains that be not very stubborne or rebellious , to resist either in 2 Improper and are 1 Narcotticks , stupifactive , i. to astonish the sence of the part . 2 Seldome used before purging in weak parts , or neere noble part . 3 Most commonly cold in the fourth degree . 4 Such 1 as stop the passages of the Animall spirit from the part , and so deprive the sence thereof , 2 as neither removes the 1 cause doe stupifie and be numme the part . 2 paine 5 Done by accident , as by 1 hard legature . 2 compression . 6 Vsed in bitter paines 1 that resist all other Medicines , 2 sometimes first , lest the patient perish . 7 Seldome used 1 without addition of 1 Castorium . 2 Mirrh . 3 Saffron , &c. 2 without those correctives for feare lest they 1 extinguish the naturall heat 2 cause 1 mortification . 2 blacknes of the part &c. Herein consider the 1 cause of pain also consider , some Medicines remove the cause , paine and not the cause . neither 1 cause but stupifie . 2 paine 2 paine it selfe 3 part pained Note intolerable pains by 1 inflammation are sooner mitigated by 1 bleeding then by other 1 Anodines 2 Narcotticks . 2 purging 3 scarifying the part Dolorsit medicina doloris , 2 gangrena Of Repercussives . Repercussiues bee generally of 2 sorts either by 2 Nature being also of two sorts , either 1 watry , cold and moist without any astriction , and 1 therefore weak as 1 Purslane , 2 Lettice , 3 Melons , 4 Housleeke , 5 All Narcotticks , &c. 2 Doe expell and drive back by cold , &c. 2 Earthy and astringent of which some be 1 cold 1 grosse 1 and of earthy parts , 2 be truly Repercussives . 2 and more effectuall mixt with 1 lenitive things , 2 Vineger in cold grosse matter . 2 Hot and corroborative and keepe backe Fluxes . Simple 1 legiture , 2 compression , 3 rolling , 1 bleeding opposite . 2 friction 4 revultion , by 5 ventoses , &c. Compound 2 Accident without quality as Consider 1 Well to remove your Medicine before 1 the part wax black , 2 it extinguisheth naturall heat . 2 To respect herein the 1 Complexion of the 1 body . 2 part pained . 2 Medicine to be made fit to the 1 griefe , 2 part offended . 3 Nature of the part grieved , for all parts may not endure liker● percussion . 3 By no means apply repercussives 1 to the 1 Groynes , 2 Arme pits , 2 Glandles behind the Eares . 2 strong to 1 Women , 2 Children , 3 Eunuches . 3 on 1 bodies 1 plethorick before purging . 2 full of ill humours 2 make 1 grosse but use rather attractives . 2 sharpe 3 venemous 4 criticall 4 Weak repercussives in great 1 inflamations , as Lettice , &c. availe little . 2 disease , 5 Put no strong repercussive on a small defluxion , for it 1 straightens the skin , 2 stops the passages , 3 increaseth the inflamation , 4 often causeth 1 Scirrus , 2 Induration , &c. 6 To repell carefully according to the 1 magnitude of the disease . 2 strength of the patient . 3 nature of the 1 flux , 2 member offended . Of Resolutives . Resolutives are of two sorts , i. 1 Rarifactives 1 worke by heat and thin substance they doe 1 dry little , 2 open the pores of the Skin . 3 relax 4 attenuate humours , 5 dissipate by evaporation things shut up under the Skin , and doe case the paine as Anodines doe . 6 discus are 1 simple as 1 Sage , 2 Ebulus , 3 Melilot , 2 compound as 1 Dill , 2 Camomill , 3 Lillies , &c. 2 called weak resolutives used in the 1 increase of superficiall humours . 2 state 2 matter 1 windy . 2 hot and moist . 2 Digestives . 1 called Diaphoreticks , or relaxes 2 some be 1 simple , as these & such like , i. 1 Brioni , 2 Galbanum , 3 Thus , 4 Amomacum , &c. 2 compound as 1 Oile of 1 Bay , 2 Tyles , 3 Nardinum . 2 Diapa●ma , 3 Oxycrotium , &c. 3 bee hotter 1 then Rarifactives . 2 to divide insensible matter compact . 3 often then Attractives , for oft an Attractiue applied to a hard body is resolutive , but used to some other , it draweth from within . 4 Are not used in the increase of Tumours , except Astringents be added , lest thereby they draw and increase the fluxion . 5 Vsed 1 only in the declination of Tumours . 2 where the 1 Skin is thick and hard . 2 Humour 1 is cold and grosse after incisines lest it 1 mollifie the subtile part 2 harden the grosse 3 lyeth deep in the body or part grieved . 3 in part of least sence , because these be strong workers . 6 Are not used to 1 A part oppressed with fluxion 1 for feare of 1 Grangrena , 2 Sphacelus . 2 There leave resolution , and use scarification , &c. 2 the 1 Liver , but with Astringents added . 2 Spleen , 3 Stomack , 4 Bowels , 7 Are applyed to a part more 1 dull , use the stronger , &c. 2 sensible as the 1 Eye weaker . 2 Nerves Also in cold and grosse matter use 1 incifines to cut and make thin the matter first . 2 next mollificatives . 3 after by degrees to digestives , lest you resolve the thin matter and harden the grosse and thick part . Of Mollificatives . These are 1 soften and relax hard parts 1 and to bring them to their naturall estate . 2 hardned either by 1 consolation , cure it by things hot and dry . 2 drynesse cure it by things hot and little moist , as in Scirrus . 2 Temperately hot without manifest shew of 1 drynesse , for if heat and drynesse joyne together , it causeth attraction . 2 Moystnesse such are putrifactives , for if the heat cannot overcome the moysture , it causeth putrifaction . 3 To worke more by strong heat 1 to moysten as the Sun dissolves Ice , &c. 2 but are temperate in 1 drying , 2 moystning . Some 1 simple and weak as 1 Lillies , 2 Mallowes , &c. 3 Butter . 2 compound as oiles of 1 Lillies , 2 Almonds Dule . 3 Camomill , &c. 5 Many of them are hot in the first , and dry in the second or third degree , The bettter to 1 disperse the congealed matter , consuming a little of the humiditie , contained within the part affected , but not drawing it by violence of heat and drith , thereby would follow greater hardnesse . 2 diffuse , 6 Some 1 weake as 1 Butter , 2 Lanasuccida . 2 strong as 1 Amoniacum , 2 Galbanum 3 to mollifie 1 Scirrus tumours of the musculous parts , &c. 2 Hard lips of Vlcers . 3 the 1 Belly hardned by cold grosse matter and viscous either of 1 Phlegme , 2 Melancholy , &c. 2 Bowels , 3 Limbes , 4 Glandles , that worke by stronger heat then Suppuratives . 4 Melancholy tumours be exasperated with mollificatives , & turn to Cancers . 7 Hurt full to 1 Cancers , 2 Maligne tumours . 8 Herein considers 1 in the use of them three things , i. 1 the 1 greatnesse of the 1 corruption , 2 part . 2 nature 2 whether you must adde incisines or no. 2 how much the part differs from its owne temperature , the better to use fit Medicines . 3 to distinguish the nature of the disease and parts how it must be done , whether to mixe with the mollificatives either 1 discussives , 2 mundificatives to deterge . Note 1 many desperate Scirrus tumours that resist all mollification doe grow hard and sencelesse , and become smooth without heare by stopping the pores . 2 sometimes the part becomes cold in excesse , so that the native heat shewes plainly to decay , then use an Iron Stove , &c. to restore the heat , heat againe as Ambrose Parrey describeth . Of Attractives . Attractives . 1 Are generally two , i. 1 Simple as Amoniacum , Galbanum , Euphorbium , &c. 2 Compound . 2 Must neither 1 Burne . 2 Discusse . 3 Must be hot with thin substance the better to pierce . 4 Drawes to the utter parts , offensive matter that works within the parts 5 worke effects by three meanes either by 1 Elementall quality of heat and thin substance . 2 Hidden propertie , as 1 The 1 Loadstone draweth Iron . 2 Ieat draweth a straw . 2 Vomits workes their effects . 3 Purges 4 All Antidotes against venome , &c. 3 Accidents , as 1 Stercus onima . 2 Leven . 3 Old Cheese . 4 Sharpe things applyed that doe cause 1 Dolour . 2 Inflammation 3 Blisters . burning , &c. 5 Ventoses . 6 Suckings . 7 Horsleaches . 8 Hard Friction . Legature , &c. 9 6 If 1 Weake adde Oile of Bay , &c. to strengthen them . 2 Strong and sharpe , adde Oile of Roses , or other lenitives . 7 Vtilities are to 1 Open. 2 Draw out 1 Heat to cold parts . 2 Thornes . 3 Splinters of 1 Wood. 2 Bones . 3 Iron . 4 Things fixed in the flesh or parts , &c. 4 Matter and filth from maligne Vlcers , &c. 3 Restore cooled parts to life by drawing thither the spirits vitall . 4 Hasten Criticall Tumours . 5 Draw life into parts . 1 Benummed . 2 Consumed and withered . 3 Cooled by restoring vitall heat and spirit into it by Attractives . Of Suppuratives . Suppuratives . 1 Shut the pores , and 1 prvent transpiration by 1 consistence . 2 Emplaistic to hinder evaporation . 2 so increaseth the heat , & turns the matter into 1 pus , &c. 2 sanis , &c. 2 are 1 Hot and moist , so that the heat cannot subdue the moisture . 2 Little exceeding the naturall heat of the member with moisture . 3 By naturall heat , turnes the bloud and humours superfluous into matter . 4 Differ from molificatives , it being hot , but according to the native heat of the part affected . Or else Emplaistic to augment the naturall heat by closing the pores 1 Vnable to evaporate , in which they differ from molificatives 2 And so the matter being kept in , converts to pus . 5 are generally of two sorts . 1 Proper and are 1 All that heat , having any moisture . 2 Rightly prepared if they little exceed the naturall heat of the member with moisture . 3 Such as worke more by abundance of moderate heate then by sharpe qualitie . 4 Either Simple , as 1 Lillies . 2 Figs. 3 Mysfle . 4 Galbanum . 5 Amoniacum . Compound as Mussalage . Diachilon . Oiles of 1 Lillies . 2 Lumbric . 2 Accident . 1 Such are 1 Emplaisticks that stop the pores . 2 Repercussives , that by cold also 1 Astringents by their earthy and thick parts doe suppurat as ungue . de bole . Nutritum . 2 Such as to keep in the heate , and shut the pores , for which Sorrell is highly commended , to generate pus , for by keeping in the heat , it increaseth its effects , to thicken the rotten matter , and also it overcommeth other rebellious qualities . 3 Ripening are used in great inflamations whose increased cannot be hindred procured with Repellents . Resolutives . Discussives . 6 Are used in 1 Great contusions . 2 Wounds contused . 3 Phlegmon which will scarsly 1 Repercusse . 2 Resolve . Of Mundificatives . These 1 Clense ulcers , &c. and are hot and of thin substance . 2 Purge a double excrement , i. 1 thick , i. sordes & drawes from the bottome of ulcers . 2 thin and watry , i. sanies , done by drying Medicines . 3 so every ulcer must be clensed and dried . S. A. 3 Are some 1 simple & are either . 1 sweet as Licoris . Hony . Sugar , &c. 2 sower as Vineger . Tender tops of Vines . All sower things , &c. 3 bitter as 1 Alloes . 2 Absinth . 3 Scabeos . 2 Compound as 1 Lixivium . 2 Apostolorum . 3 Praecipitate , &c. 3 Weake . 4 Strong . 4 Seperate and draw excrements from ulcers , &c. 5 Are used . 1 to clense ulcers , &c. before the use of incarnatives . 2 But first , consider these 4. i. the 1 Whole body , whether it be 1 Healthy . 2 Plethoric . 3 Cacochimiall . 2 Part which is 1 Moister . 2 Dryer . 3 More 1 Exquisite . 2 Dull or sencelesse . 3 Accidents . 1 Callus . 2 Dolour . 3 Induration 4 Flux of humours as 1 Hot. 2 Maligne , &c. 4 Vlcers whether , 1 New . 2 Old . 3 In which consider in 1 all the foresaid medicines they must differ in 1 Quality . As the cause requireth . 2 Quantity . 2 an ulcer . 1 Dry and painfull , none will agree but a moist abstersive , &c. 2 moist , none wil agree but dry powders , &c. Of Incarnatives . These 1 By moderate drying 1 get flesh in hollow Vleers . 2 helps Nature to remove superfluities . 2 Differ 1 According to the 1 Temperature of 1 Body , 2 Part affected . 2 Quality of the bloud . 3 Quantity 2 For 1 Nature is the efficient cause of this worke . 2 Good bloud is the materiall cause . 3 The Medicine . 1 The assisting cause , by consuming the Excrements , 2 Without which it cannot be done . 3 Removes the cause that hinders nature . 3 Must be mixt according to the affects which passeth the Vlcer . 4 Have double vertue to 1 Scoure and dry without byting or corosion , 2 Dry the thin Sanies lest it cause 1 Sordes . 2 The Vlcer to be more filthy . 5 Must dry in the first degree 1 Saith Galen , 2 Forbearing to dry , it consumes the moysture of the bloud that causeth the flesh . 3 I meane a degree dryer then the body or part , if it be 1 More dry it causeth either 1 Inflamation . 2 Dolour . 3 Asker , &c. 2 To moyst it breeds 1 Matter of filth , 2 Hollownes for want of drying 4 For 1 It is 1 on thing to 1 adde that which lacketh , which is done with things like , 2 diminish & done by contraries 2 another 2 Every thing is 1 Maintained by its like , 2 Destroyed by its contrary . 6 Are some 1 Weake , 2 Strong , Simple as 1 Thus , 2 Arabic , 3 Sarcocole . 2 Compound as 1 Vnguentum aurum , Emplaysters , Powders , &c. fit thereto . 7 To speake truly , no Medicine can properly be called Incarnative . 8 Ought to be more liquid in deep Vlcers or Wounds . 9 Not to be used before the ulcer be 1 cleansed 2 free from 1 Paine , 2 Inflamation , 3 Fluxion , 4 Hardnesse , 5 Distemper or any accident that may hinder the cure . 10 Drying to 1 little cause filthy ulcers because the 1 Dryeth not enough . 2 Its Acrimony doe cause fluxion , &c. 2 much Also consider some parts be lesse dry by nature , and so require a Medicine 1 More drying then other that are more dry , as the Glandels must be more dried then the proportion , though the Glandell be lesse dry . 2 Stronger Incarnative These must be diligently examined and very well considered . Of Conglutinatives . These 1 Are betweene Incarnatives and Cicatrizatives 2 Dry 1 lesse then Cicatrizatives . Incarnatives . 2 more 3 in the second degree . 3 Let the Flux by its astringent faculty , being free from detertion , and so joyneth the parts divided . 4 Doe conglutinate some by 1 their proper nature as 1 All the 1 Consolidaes . 2 Plantaines , &c. 2 Saincle . 3 Elder . 4 Sopewoort . 5 Balsome . 6 Aquavitae . 7 Turpentine . 8 Clownes wound-woort . 9 All things acerba , &c. 2 Accident as 1 stitching . 2 rolling . 3 binding . 4 rest . 5 all that hinder fluxion , and bind the parts , &c. 5 Ioyneth parts distant and helps nature , who is the chiefe agent in this worke . 6 Herein consider whether the 1 Bodie be either 1 hard that is , how 1 robust . 2 tender . 2 soft , 2 Vlcer be 1 New , Hence take your Indications what the 1 qualitie , of the Medicine ought to be . 2 quantitie , 2 Old , 3 Great , 4 Little . 7 Herein consider before you apply them . 1 Whether the skin be 1 but divided . 2 cleane gone . 2 That all knit difficulties if the skin be gone by any meanes . 8 Are used to 1 New Wounds . Because they let and hinder the fluxe of humours from flowing to the place , &c. 2 Greene 3 Bloudy 4 Fistuloes . 5 Vlcers old maligne . Of Cicatrizatives , i. to procure skin of sores . These 1 Dry without Mordication . 2 Astringe , bind , thicken , harden the flesh into a skinny substance called a Cicatrize or skarre . 3 Are also the worke of Nature , except something hinder it , which Art must amend . 4 Consume superfluous moisture . 5 Thicken and bind the next adjoyning flesh , and must dry more then Incarnatives . 6 Assist Nature to cause a skarre in stead of skin . 7 Are of three sorts , the 1 Only dryes and binds , and be true Cicatrizes . 2 Be sharpe byting to wast proud flesh , use such sparingly , and that only in hard and rustick bodies , chiefly to dry and consume superfluous moysture . 3 Only dries moderately without astriction . 8 Are used when the ulcer is neer filled with flesh , equall with the skin . 9 Herein consider , 1 The body , if 1 Tender . Here such things as Cicatrize in rusticks , will prove corosives in these tender bodies . Soft . Delicate . 2 Rusticks and hard , to these use Cicatrizes more drying . 3 Plethoric , such doe not easily admit Cicatrizes . 4 Cacochymiall , i. of ill juice , these hinder Cicatrizes untill the body be freed from that evill disposition , & brought to a good habit by the help of phisick , &c. 2 Well 1 To remove all such lets as hinder your intent , and then proceeed S. A. 2 Whether the ulcer be fed by the present defect of any part evill affected . As the 1 Liver . 2 Lungs . 3 Spleene . 4 Varicks finding it , &c. 2 For that must be first cured before it be Cicatrized . 3 If hard typs of an ulcer doe let then scarifie or soften the hardnesse , else it will not Cicatrize . 4 Too 1 much drying leveth the skar too 1 hollow or low . 2 high raised up . 2 little Now of simple Medicines with their qualities and effects . All simple Medicines have one or many of these foure Elementall qualities , videlicet , either to 1 Heat . 2 Coole . 3 Dry. 4 Moisten . Heat . 1 Moderate 1 Heats . 2 Attracts . 3 Rarifies . 4 Opens the passages and conduits . 5 Digesteth . 6 Suppurats . 2 Immoderate 1 Dryeth . 1 Violent attraction . 2 Rubification . 3 Consumption . 4 Pining of the parts . 5 Askers . 6 Mortification . 2 Inflameth . 3 Burneth . 4 Biteth whereof ensueth . Cold. 1 Moderate . 1 Cooleth . 2 Stoppeth . 3 Restraineth . 2 Immoderate . 1 Congealeth . 2 Stupifieth . 3 Mortifieth . Moist . 1 Moderate . 1 Moisteth . 2 Lubrifieth , i. makes slippery . 3 Mittigateth and sweetneth . 4 Makes smooth . 5 Glueth . 2 Immoderate 1 stops or obstructeth . 2 lifts up . 3 breeds flatuous , chiefly if the moisture be vaporous . Drieth . 1 Moderate . 1 Dryeth 2 Rarifieth . 3 Attenuateth . 2 Immoderate 1 Binds . 2 Contracts and shrinks . 3 Causeth chaps or fissures . 4 Causeth dry scales , dandruffe , furfuration , &c. The effects of these qualities be set in certaine order called degrees , because they should be applyed by a certaine measure or proportion . Example . A disease hot in the second degree , the Medicine must be cold in the like degree , or little exceeding , and for your better instruction consider . That all simple Medicines be either hot , cold , dry , or moyst , either in the 1 beginning , either of first degree . second third fourth 2 middle , 3 end , The heat , cold , drith , or moisture of the first degree is 1 obscure and insensible , 2 manifest and apparent . 3 vehement or violent . 4 very immederate or excesse . second third fourth Example . Water only Warme is temperate , 1 A little horter , is hot in the first degree . second third fourth 2 Manifestly hot , 3 Vehemently hot , Scalding hot . Iudge the like of all other qualities , as of cold , drith , and moysture . How to deale in all diseases of every Complexion , for either the disease and the complexion agree in quality , or be contrary to each other . Example . These agree when both the complexion and the disease be either 1 Hot , Such require more gentle and weake remedies or Medicine . 2 Cold , 3 Dry ; 4 Moyst , Examples of these similies . If the Complexion and the disease be both 1 hot , there use things 1 Mild and least cooling is best , 2 Meanly hot not extreme brings rest , 3 Least moystning best please . 4 That d●y least , bring best ease . 2 cold , 3 dry and hard , 4 moyst & soft , Remember still to countergard the Complexion . Example of Contraries . If the complexion & the disease bee contrary as the complexion . 1 hot with 1 cold , disease the 1 hottest , remedies or medicines are best , it must surmount the temperature of the Complexion , otherwise the Complexion it selfe would effect it . 2 coldest , 3 dryest , 4 moistest . 2 hot , 3 Moist , 4 dry . 2 cold 3 dry & hard 4 moyst and soft Observe due regard of all the above said things , otherwise you hurt or destroy , and not preserve or cure , for want of the true considerations hereof , great errours are daily committed , as well in many Professors of Physick , as in Surgery a very common fault in many fit to be redressed . How to worke with contraries by accident , and their effects . Divers have shewed the 1 proper nature of Medicines drawne by their true effects . 2 qualities 3 effects 4 operations Yet have they other operations which be 1 not by Elementall qualitie , 2 done by accident . Example . Heat extern 1 cooleth the inner part by accident , by opening the pores , and so the heat evaporates out with the spirits , and so diminisheth both appetite and disgestion . 2 Invironing us , moisteneth by accident , by lubryfying , or moistning , scattering and spreading the humours congealed and setled with cold , so is Venery thought to moisten . Cold extern 1 heateth 1 the bodies inwards 1 not by it proper nature , 2 by accident . 2 by accident , example of cold in Winter with outward cold closeth the pores , le ts the expiration of vapours , and issues of naturall heat , and repels that heat to the inner parts . 2 Doubleth the inward heat , as they that handle snow , feele after very great heat by like reason . 3 furthers concoction . 4 strengtheneth the appetite , and for that cause the appetite is greater in Winter then in Summer . 5 Dryes by accident , by repelling the moist matter that was ready to flow downe to any part . Example . By immoderate use of repercussives by repelling matter 1 flegmatick , They harden the matter collected & turns it into Scirrnes , hardnesse from a grosse viscous flegme . 2 grosse , 3 viscous , Drinesse , because they be qualities passive , shew not their operations as heat and cold doe in their force . Moistnesse , Of the second faculty of Medicines , it s that which ensueth the effect of the first elementall qualitie , and is as followeth . Heat doe 1 rarifie , Cold do 1 stop , 2 repell , 3 confirme or shut up , 4 congeale or thicken , 5 heape together , 6 restraine fluxes . 2 attenuate , 3 open , 4 attract , 5 mittigate , 6 clense . Moist doe 1 soften , Drith do 1 harden , 2 stiffen and withhold . 2 relax . These Medicines following , have their names from their Effects . We call those 1 anodines , Which doe 1 appease or mittigate paine , 2 repell , or dry backe , 3 resolve , rarifie , & open the pores , 4 mollifie , soften hardnesse , 5 draw out , 6 turn tumors , &c. to pus , or sanies , 7 clense filthy sores , &c. 8 increase flesh in sores , 9 glue together new wounds , 10 cover a raw sore with skin . 11 gnaw or eat the flesh . 2 repercussives , 3 resolutives , 4 mollificatives , 5 attractives , 6 suppuratives , 7 Mundificatives , 8 Incarnatives , 9 Conglutinatives , 10 Cicatrizatives , 11 Corosives . Of the third facultie of Medicines . These for the most part are drawne from first and second faculty sometimes by 1 joyning , 2 separating , 3 coupling two qualities together . 4 on qualitie only of the first facultie proceeds the 1 anoidine proper of it selfe by a moderate heating faculty to ease paine . 2 anodine to evacuate the matter causing paine . 3 anodine by narcotticks to 1 Astonish the sence by cold , simply cause rest . 3 Provoke sleepe by cold moisture . 5 Neither of these faculties but by an occult property , as the Loadstone draweth Iron , for which no reason can be shewed : Also when by touching the Needle of a Diall , it shall make that end to stand to the North alwayes is by occult propertie . 2 the effects and operations of the said faculties as some be 1 Anodines , 2 Repercussives , 3 Incarnatives , done by two faculties , as by moderate 1 drying . 2 clensing . 4 Cicatrizatives , dry and astringe 4 more then 1 coglutinates 2 Cicatrizes . 5 lesse , 5 Conglutinatives , 6 To move or stay 1 Vrine , 2 Sweat , 3 Vomit , 4 Milke , 5 Stoole , 6 Menstrua , 7 Hemoraids , &c. 3 A hot and attenuating faculty , such 1 move 1 Sweat , 2 Vrine , 3 Menses , &c. 2 cause Milke , &c. 4 The contrary facultties , keepe backe and stop the same . 5 Occult cause , as vomit comes neither from the first faculty , but second from an occult or hidden propertie , naturally planted in any vomitory Medicine , &c. Of the fourth faculty of Medicine . In these consider their 1 Dependencie , i. they worke only by an occult propertie found out by experience , and no reason to be shewed why it doth so . 2 Difference is 1 It works not by Elementall qualities of 1 Heat . 2 Cold. 3 Drith . 3 Moisture . 2 Also this , we see that divers being hot , cold , dry , or moist in on and the same degree , yet produce not the like effects . 3 Manner of working their effects is 1 More in on part then in another . 2 Such that they purge humour more then another . 3 Knowne only by experience . Thus that some hot and dry in the second degree doe cause either 1 Vomit , all by an occult property for which no reason can be given why or how they doe so . 2 Egestion , 3 Sweat , 4 Vrine , 5 Milke , 6 neither 5 As 1 Agaric , draw 1 Flegme from the 1 head & joynts , 2 liver & reines . 2 Choler 2 Ruberb , 4 Medicines are furnished some with 1 on simple facultie alone . 2 More and those contrary , of which the taste will manifest it unto you . 5 Meanes are partly taken , from the parts they most respect in their operations , as 1 To worke more on this part then another , and none can finde out the reason , but only experience . humour 2 Cephalicks , These respect the 1 Head , 2 Lungs , 3 Heart , 4 Liver , 5 Spleene , 6 Reines , 7 Ioynts . 3 Pulmonicks , 4 Cordials , 5 Hepaticks , 6 Spleniticks , 7 Diuriticks , 8 Arthriticks , Now of the Tastes , in which consider these things following . The 1 Definition , it is a decoction of humiditie into drynesse , first giving a taste on the tongue , according to the varietie of the matter . 2 Kinds 9 , i. 3 Hot as 1 Actide , 2 Bitter , 3 Salt . 3 Cold as 1 Acerbe , 2 Austere , 3 Acide . 3 Temperate as 1 Sweet , 2 Oily or fat , 3 Insipide . 3 Differences are according to the degrees of concoction it is 1 great in hot taste 2 lesser in cold 3 mean intemperate 4 Cause 1 Is heat , 1 That turnes moyst into drynesse . 2 Which is divers by degrees of concoction . 2 Of taste is in these two i. 1 complexion being either 1 hot , 2 cold , 3 dry , 4 moist , 5 temperate . 2 Substance being either 1 thick , 2 thin , 3 mean . 5 Signes are 1 Knowne by applying on the tongue well disposed by the nerves . 2 Taste which is 1 strongest of hot taste . 2 least of cold 3 mean of temperate 3 Complexion 1 Hot causeth five tastes , 1 sweet , 2 bitter , 3 Oily or unctuous , 4 Salt , 5 biting taste . 2 Cold causeth foure tastes , 1 sowre , 2 lesse sowre , 3 yet lesse sowre , 4 insipid , watrish without taste . 4 substances are 3. i. 1 thick substance causeth taste either 1 sweet , 2 bitter , 3 sowre . 2 Thin substance cause taste either 1 biting taste sharpe , 2 Oily , 3 sowrish . 3 Mean substance cause taste either 1 sharpe biting . 2 salt , 3 watrish . Nature observes this order in concoction of most bodies . The order of this concoction . 1 The Acerbe taste should take place . 2 The Austere . 3 The Acide . 4 The next instruction of concoction ariseth thus , 1 without taste . 2 Oily . 3 Sweet , perfectly , concoct , and temperate . 5 If 1 salt , This concoction exceeds the bonds of mediocritie in the highest excesse of almost a fiery heat . 2 bitter , 3 acrid , 6 Note that all things that be by nature taste lesse , doe not alwayes ascend to the heighth of sweetnesse by the degreee of 1 Acerbitie , As if by absolute necessitie that all sweet things must first passe these three degrees . 2 Austeritie , 3 Aceditie . 7 Note that many plants and their fruits being 1 ripe are some 1 sowre , 2 bitter , 3 salt . 2 unripe are sweetish which after further concoction become 1 bitter , Which is a perfection in nature by full ripenesse and convocation , and not an excesse in nature in that species . 2 austere , 3 sowre . 8 In many things the sweet and fatty taste becomes so by concoction , as in 1 Grapes . 2 Figs. 3 Peares . 4 Apples , &c. Now it followes to speake of each of these in order , and first of cold tasts . Acerbe taste the 1 Definition , it is a harsh taste as in unripe fruits betweene bitter and sowrish , being yet all raw . 2 Kinds vary according to the 1 temperature , 2 substance . 3 Difference it is 1 dryer than Austere . 2 colder 3 grosser 4 earthier 5 lesse moister 6 much lesse moist then Acide . 4 Temperature , it is 1 notably cooling and drying . 2 of cold , grosse , and earthy substance being yet all raw and vnripe . 5 Effects , it is 1 condensative , i. to 1 thicken . 2 harden . 3 congeale . 2 refreshing . 3 stopping . 4 restraining . 5 repelling . 6 binds chiefly in the superficiall parts . 7 exasperates 6 Some is as the taste of 1 Granat peeles , 2 Galls , 3 Tan or Oke barke , 4 Sumach , 5 Cypresse Nuts , &c. 7 Some performe as are said in Austere , farre more powerfully being absolutely 1 earthy , Not partaking of watry moisture . 2 cold , 3 dry , Note that fruits Acerbe before they be ripe , having accession of heat , turne sweet as Chestnuts , doe . Of the taste Austere , the second cold taste . Austere the 1 Definition , it is much Acerbe , but milder , not so harsh . 2 Kinds are according to the 1 temperature , 2 substance . 3 Differences 1 It 1 Increaseth a degree in concoction , more towards maturity , then Acerbe . 2 Consists in a medium 1 Not so 1 dry as Acerbe , 2 moist as Acide . 2 Only by heat and moysture either by 1 Aire , 2 Water , 3 Moisture only . 3 Having accession of moisture only , and that more grosse of Acerbe , and so causeth Austere . 2 Both Austere and Acerbe are in like degree cold , but austere is the moister . 3 It gets sometimes 1 more 1 heat alone 1 airy and passeth 1 sweet taste . 2 Oily 2 watry 2 moisture alone and that either 2 Both together are joyned . 4 If the cold remayning in fruits , a subtle humiditie grow , it causeth taste Acide . 5 If it have a watrish moysture and fit heat , it turnes either to 1 sweet taste , if the moysture growing with heat be Oily . 2 Oily 4 Temperature , 1 Its 1 cold and dry , but not so much as Acerbe , 2 Neere in 1 temperature , to acerbe , but lesse drying . 2 effect , sappy bodies acerbe become sweet by the interposed degree of 1 Austere , as they get a divers increase in heate & moisture either 1 conjunctly . 2 seperately . 2 Acide , 3 Oilinesse 5 Effects are as they be 1 cold , they expell fluxes . 2 dry and earthy 1 they doe 1 condense , 2 thicken , 3 stop , 4 straighten the passages , 5 restraine , 6 conglutinate , 7 cicatrize . 2 such are raw unripe fruits . 6 Some consist in a meane , i. a more earthy body , as it is apparent in 1 Grapes , unripe . 2 Sarvices , 7 Some is changed 1 with further concoction of heate from Acerbe , 3 Gooseberies , 4 Crabs , all fruits . 2 Example . 1 Acerbe fruit , i. unripe by 1 heat only augmented become sweet , 2 cold being grosse of acerbe turne austere . 2 Cold in fruits augmented , & there retained is turned into Acide . 3 Heat and moisture augment together , if 1 ayrie , they passe to 1 Oily taste . 2 sweet 2 watry , Of Acide the third and last cold tast . Acide the 1 Definition , it is a sowre tast , as is that of Vineger , Verjuce , Aligere , Sowre juces , &c. 2 Kinds are according to the 1 temperature , 2 substance . 3 Differences are 1 According to the kinds . 2 More subtle then any of the two former tasts . 3 The subtiller , the more 1 piercing or penetrating . 2 It divides almost as powerfully as the Acride . 4 The 1 thicker in substance , The duller in ooperation . 2 colder the temperature , 4 Temperature 1 is 1 without naturall heat , 2 cold and watry , 3 subtiller then Acerbe or Austere , 4 neere in effect to Acerbe , but lesse drying . 5 Effects , it 1 attenuates , 2 insides , 3 diuides , 4 penetrates , 5 opens obstructions . 6 clenseth , 7 repels all fluxions by its deep piercing cold , 8 dryes strongly even in its watry consistance . 9 Stayes and stops all 1 Bleedings . 2 Haemorthoids . 3 Dissentories . 6 Manifesteth it force in 1 Vineger , 2 Verjuice , 3 Iuice of 1 Lemmons , 2 Sorrell , 4 Cheries , 5 Barbaries , 6 Sloes , &c. Thus farre of the three cold tasts . Now of temperate tastes , and first of Insipide . Insipide the 1 Definition it is 1 fresh or tastlesse as water , 2 improperly called a taste , 3 rather a privation of tastes . 2 Kinds are according to the 1 temperature , 2 substance . 3 Differences 1 it increaseth a degree in concoction from the former more towards maturity . 2 it 1 inclineth more to warmnesse then Acide , 2 cooleth and is grosser substance . 4 Temperature 1 it is cold and moist with a little naturall heat , but not so much as the two following , yet sweetish , not brackish but watrish . 2 It is without 1 taste , as water simply , 2 smell . 5 its effects , and 1 it draweth together the 1 Pores , 2 Orifices of the veines . 2 repercusseth and restraineth by cooling . 3 constupates . 4 stupifieth and astonisheth the member . 5 Moistneth and thereby softneth . 6 cooleth and quencheth heat . 2 Inspisate , that is , it 1 thickneth and congealeth , 2 constipates and stupifies . 6 Some manifesteth its force in 1 Taste 1 Water chiefly . 2 Melons . 3 Cucumbers . 4 Gourds . 2 All of watry tastlesnesse . The second temperate taste is sweet taste . Sweet taste the 1 Definition it is as Hony , Sugar , Manna , sweet Fruits , &c. 2 Kinds are divers according to the 1 temperature . 2 substance . 3 Differences it 1 is made by moderate and well growing heat . 2 consisteth in a matter more 1 thin and hot , then Insipide , 2 grosse then the oily , from which in the first qualities it do not differ . 4 Temperature it is of 1 hot nature 2 ayrie 3 temperate 5 Effects 1 very sweet 1 clenseth . 2 digesteth . 3 concocteth . 4 ripeneth . 5 relaxeth . 6 asswageth paines . 7 glueth . 2 All sweet things worke effects according to its differences of their degrees and their 1 temperatures . 2 substance . Some is such as are 1 Milke . 2 Honey . 3 Sugar . 4 Manna . 5 sweet 1 Almonds , 2 Fruits , &c. The third and last temperate taste is oily . Oily tast the 1 Definition it is a tast as 1 Oile , 2 Butter , 3 Grease , 4 Marrow , &c. 2 Kinds are divers according to the 1 temperature , 2 substance . 3 Differences 1 are divers according to the kinds . 2 some are made of 1 greene unripe Olives . 2 mature , or ripe 3 some be 1 new and pure , 2 old and musty , 3 acrid by nature as that of 1 Lions , 2 Foxes , &c 4 Temperature 1 hot , more then the former sweet taste . 2 moist , 3 aierie , 5 Effects , it 1 humacteth , 2 relaxeth , 3 molifieth , 4 lubryfieth , 5 appeaseth pain . 6 Which are such as 1 Oile Olive , 2 fresh Butter , 3 Greases , 4 Marrowes , 5 Divers other 1 Oiles , 2 Fats , &c. Thus much of temperate tastes . Now follow the three hot and sharp tastes , as first of salt taste 1 salt . 2 bitter . 3 acride . Salt taste the 1 Definition , the taste is manifest yet of divers kinds . 2 Kinds as divers according to the 1 temperature , therof as 1 common Salt . 2 Sal 2 niter , 3 gemm . 4 armoniac , 5 naturall , 6 artificial , 7 Sea-water , &c. 2 substance , 3 Differences are 1 according to the 1 kinds , 2 temperature , 3 substance . 2 some 1 naturally so 2 artificiall & be of divers 1 natures too long here to recite . 2 effects 4 Temperature they 1 are 1 hot , 2 dry , 3 astringent , 4 are lesse earthy then bitter things . 2 proceed from an earthy drynes . 5 Effects , it 1 contracteth the pores , 2 cutteth , 3 clenseth , 4 scoureth , 5 restraineth , 6 preserveth from putrifaction , 7 dryeth without manifest apparence of great heat , 8 digesteth , 9 shuts up or thrust together . 10 have many strange operations . Salts are either 1 common , Salts . 2 naturall , 3 artificiall , being divers and rare secrets . The second hot taste is bitter taste . Bitter taste the 1 Definition this taste is manifest , as Aloes , Absinthium , &c. 2 Kinds are more or lesse according to the 1 temperature , 2 substance . 3 Differences are divers according as they differ in 1 temperature 2 substance . 4 Temperature is 1 hot , 2 earthy and grosse , 3 drying , 4 abundant heat torrified and dried up . 5 Effects taken , 1 inwards it doth 1 purge 2 void superfluous humours . 3 open 1 the 1 pores , 2 mouthes , 3 passages , of the veins oft by their abstergent facultie , & so cause 1 menstria , 2 hemoroids 2 Subtile and thin . 2 outward it 1 clenseth , 1 the Sanies from Vlcers , 2 superfluous humours from the bodie . 2 wipeth , 3 scoureth , 6 Some as , such as 1 Aloes , 2 Gentian , 3 Absinthium , 4 Centory 5 Colosinth , 6 Fumitorie , &c. The third and last hot taste is Acride of sharpe . Acride taste the 1 Definition , it is a hot biting fiery taste as Pepper , &c. 2 Kinds are divers according to the 1 temperature , 2 substance . 3 Differences are 1 According to the 1 kind , 2 temperature , 3 substance . 2 Also to be considered , 1 How and in what manner to use them . 2 Some are 1 venemous . 2 used 1 inwardly safely 1 Pepper , 2 Mustard , &c. 2 outwardly , and not inwards . 3 both inwards and outwards . 3 putrifective as 1 Arsenicum , 2 Realger , 3 and Sublimate , &c. 4 Vesicatores as 1 Cantarades , 2 Sperewort , &c. 5 Caustick as 1 Calx viva , 2 Lixivivum , 3 Oile of Sulphur , &c. 4 Temperature 1 hot . 2 dry . 3 subtle . 4 biting . 5 fires , &c. 5 Effects they 1 heat , prick , bite . 2 open the passages . 3 penitrate . 4 attenuate . 5 draw out grosse humours . 6 evacuates and urine . 1 Pepper . 2 Cloves . 3 Greines . 4 Ginger . 5 Garlick . 6 Onions . 7 Squilla . 9 All the abovesaid and divers others to be used in time and place as occasion serveth . 10 Exceeding the bounds of mediocritie in excesse and fiery heat . termes . sweat . 7 sends forth 8 digesteth . 9 inciseth . 10 drieth . 11 purgeth and clenseth . 12 consumes . 13 liquifieth . 14 cause 1 blisters . 2 asters . 3 rubification . 6 Things fit to accomplish this are — Here follow the things of most note to be considered in every particular Region , part and member of the bodie . Things of note concerning the head are generally , these two , i. the parts contai — 1 ning , be 5. i. the 1 Haire . 2 Skin . 3 Membrana carnosa . 4 Pericranium . 5 Craina , or Scull . 2 ned , are 5. i. the 1 Dura mater . 2 Pia 3 Retemirabile . 4 Vermiformis . 5 Cerebrum . Things of note of the parts of the face are these 11. i. the 1 Bones . 2 Front . 3 Temples . 4 Eie-browes . 5 Eie-lids . 6 Eies . 7 Eares . 1 Lips . 2 Teeth . 3 Tongue . 4 Vuvla . 5 Pallat. 6 Iawes . 8 Nose . 9 Cheekes . 10 Mouth , also the 11 Chin. Things of note of the parts of the neck , are these 15 following , i. the 1 Spondels . 2 Legaments . 3 Tendons . 4 Nerves . 5 Veines . 6 Arteries . 7 Nucha . 8 Paxwax . 9 Muscles . 10 Almonds . 11 Epiglot . 12 Isophagus . 13 Ismon . 14 Thachia Arteria . 15 Gula. Things of note of the 4 shoulder and great arme are 14. i. the 1 Bones . 2 Cartilages . 3 Ligaments . 4 Marrow . 5 Tendons . 6 Muscles . 7 Nerues . 8 Veines . 9 Arteries . 10 Panicles . 11 Flesh . 12 Skin . 13 Haire . 14 Nailes . 5 Breast are generally two , i. the things contay - 1 ning be 12. i. the 1 Utter skin . 2 Flesh . 3 Muscles . 4 Panicles . 5 Bones . 6 Cartilages . 7 Nucha . 8 Paxwax . 9 Ligaments . 10 Nerves . 11 Paps . 12 Plura . 2 ned be 6 i. the 1 Trachia arteria . 2 Oesophagus . 3 Heart . 4 Panicles . 5 Lungs . 6 Midriffe . Things of note of the 6 Region of the belly are in generall two , i. the things contay - 1 ning be 8. i. the 1 Myrac . 2 Syphac . 3 Bones . 4 Nucha . 5 Nerves . 6 Ueines . 7 Arteries . 8 Muscles . 2 ned be 12. i. the 1 Cale . 2 Liver . 3 Gall. 4 Spleene . 5 Stomack . 6 Intestines . 7 Mesenterium . 8 Reines . 9 Bladder . 10 Spermatick vessels . 11 Matrix . 12 parts below without froth be three , i. the 1 Groyne . 2 Yard . 3 Cods . 7 Great legge it is 1 divided into three parts , i. the 1 Thigh . 2 Shank . 3 Foot . 2 As in the great arme the Nucha excepted , and so but 13 particulars . A briefe Anatomie of the parts of the bodie in generall , and first of the simple Members . Simple members are a 11. besides Haire and Nailes , as 1 Bones . 2 Cartalages , or gristles . 3 Legaments . 4 Nerves , or sinewes . 5 Cords , or tendons . 6 Veines . 7 Arteries , or heart pipes . 8 Panicles , or Felmes . 9 Flesh . 10 Fat . 11 Skin . 1 Haire , these two be excrementall parts . 2 Nailes , 1 Bones are 1 Simple . 2 Spermatick . 3 Cold. 4 Dry. 5 Insensible , i. without feeling . 6 Inflexible , i. without bowing . 7 The bearers up of the body . 8 Many for divers causes . 9 248 in number after Avicen . 10 307. after some other . 2 Cartalages are 1 Simple . 2 Spermatick . 3 Cold. 4 Dry. 5 Insensible . 6 Partly flexible . 7 Ordained for five causes . 8 Next to the bones in hardnesse . Legaments are 1 simple . 2 spermatick . 3 cold . 4 dry . 5 insensible . 6 flexible . 7 to bind the bones together . 8 resting places to divers sinewes . 9 to hold up divers members . 10 harder then Nerves . Gristles . 11 softer a substance that springeth out of the bones and gristles Nerves are 1 called sinewes . 2 simple . 3 spermatick . 4 cold . 5 dry . 6 sensible . 7 flexible . 8 strong . 9 tough . 10 of two sorts , i. 1 sensatives . 2 motives . the things that give voluntary motion to the cords , &c the instruments to convay the Animall spirits . Cords are 1 called tendons . 2 simple in qualitie , but compound in substance . 3 spermatick . 4 cold . 5 dry , 1 strong . 2 tough . 6 very 7 partly sensible . 9 made of nerves and legaments for three causes . 10 mean , between legaments and nerves . 6 Veins are 1 simple . 2 spermatick . 3 cold . 4 dry . 5 the vessels to carry the bloud nutritive . 6 all begun in the Liver . 7 with on only coat or covering . 8 hollow of a nervous substance . 9 divers whereof two are most principall , i. vena porta , in that hollow part of the Liver . cava , in the bunchy 10 said to be 365 of note , beside the Capillar Veines . 7 Arteries are 1 simple . 2 spermatick . 3 cold . 4 dry . 5 hollow and nervous . 6 all begun at the heart . 7 All with two coats , except Arteria venalis . 8 divers whereof two are principals as Arteria 1 magna . 2 venalis . 9 the Pulse . 10 vessels to carry abroad the vitall bloud and spirits . 8 Panicles are 1 some 1 simple as 1 periostea , i. the felmes that cover the bones . 2 mediastinae , &c. 2 compound as Diaphragma , &c. 2 spermatick . 3 cold . 4 dry . 5 made some to 1 cover divers members . 2 divide parts on from another . 9 flesh is 1 some 1 simple . 2 compound . 2 sanguine not spermatick . 3 hot . 4 moist . 5 caused of bloud 1 simple and pure . 2 musculous , or brawny . 3 Glandulous , or kernelly . 6 of three kinds as flesh , 10 fat is 1 simple . 2 not spermatick . 3 cold . 4 moist . 5 insensible . 6 made of the subtle parts of the bloud . 7 without sinewes in it . 8 of three kinds , i. 1 Adeps , i. is that next under the Skin . 2 Pinguedo , i. is that mixt with the flesh . 3 Auxungia , i. that about the Kidneyes and Intrailes . 11 skin is 1 simple . 2 partly spermatick , 3 temperate . 4 strong . 5 tough . 6 flexible . 7 sensible . 8 of two sorts , i. 1 Epiderims , i. is that true thin utter Skin . 2 Panniculus carnosus , i. the inner fleshy Skin . 9 made 1 temperate the better to judge , 2 of 1 Veines . 2 Arteries . 3 Nerves . 10 of divers properties in certaine places , and varieth according to the place whereon it groweth , for some you may cannot flay . Of the Excrementall parts aforesaid . 1 Haires are 1 Excrementall parts and no members . 2 made of grosse fumosities . 3 cold . 4 dry . 5 made to 1 to cause comelinesse . 2 evacuate fumosities of the third digestion . 3 shew by their colour , &c. the temperature of the brain . 6 Superfluities . 2 Nailes are 1 Excrementall parts and no members . 2 superfluities . 3 cold . 4 dry . 5 softer then bones . 6 Tough like horne . 7 Engendred of earthy vapours . 8 made 1 the better to hold . 2 to 1 claw and scratch . 2 divide things the better . A briefe Anathomy of the compound members the better to helpe the memory , for the attaining thereof with Expedition . Things of note concerning the head are generally these two i. the parts contay - 1 ning , are in particular 5. i. the 1 Haire , 2 Skin , 3 Flesh , 4 Panicle , Pericranium , 5 Scull . 2 ned , are these 5. i. the 1 Dura Mater . 2 Pia 3 Retemirabile . 4 Vermiformis . 5 Braines . A further relation of those ten parts , what they are , with their proper places , &c. 1. The 5 parts containing , i. the 1 Haire , crinis , is sufficiently spoken of in the tract of simple members . 2 Skin , i. cutis , is that in which the haire groweth . 3 Membrana carnosa is the hard flesh on the head growing betweene the utter Skin and Pericranium . 4 Pericranium is the Panicle that covereth the Scull without froth , between the membrana carnosa , and the bones of the Scull . 5 Craina the scul have 1. 7. bones , i. 1. 1. os coronale , i. the bone of the forehead . 2 3. 2. ossa later alia , i. the side bones of the head . 4. 5. 2. ossa petrosa , i. the hard stony bones of the eares whereon they grow . 6. 1. os . Basilare 1 called Paxilla . 2 i. the foundation bone of the head . 7. occiput 1 called lauda , or occipitiall bone . 2 is the bone wherein the hole , afore the Nucha passeth . 3 true 1 Coronale , i. it goeth crosse over the mould of the head . 2 Sagittales joyneth the side bones to the crown of the head . 3 Jamdoides joyneth the hinder ends of the side bones to the bone occipitiall . 2. 2. False , that joyn the eare-bones to the side bones of the head . 2. 5 futures , or seames , i. The five things contained , i. the 1 Duramater , is the thick hard panicle within the Scull next under it . 2 Pia mater , is the soft mother , or panicle , next under Dura mater , in this the braine is wrapped . 3 Rete mirabile , i. the wonderfull Net , is set under the panicles , and is composed of Arteries that come from the heart , herein is the vitall spirits made Animall , in this Net is the braine inclosed , from this hath the spirit of feeling its first creation , & thence passeth to other parts . 4 Vermiformiss i. the two Wormelike substances in the middle ventricle of the head . 5 Cerebrum is the brains , it 1 is of two sorts , i. 1 Cerebrum is the great marrowy substance in the fore-part of the head , &c. 2 Cerebellum , it is the little hard braine in the hinder part of the head . 2 have 3 ventricles , i. the 1 former ventricle . 2 middle 3 hinder Of the Anatomy of the face . Things of most note of the parts of the face are these eleven , i. the 1 Bones , 2 Front , 3 Temples , 4 Eye-browes , 5 Eye-lids . 6 Eyes , 7 Eares , 8 Nose , 9 Cheeks , 10 Mouth , 11 Chin. A further relation of those parts , for your better understanding hereof . Of those 11. things , i. the 1 Bones called ossa facies , are nine . 2 Front , called frons , i. the fore-head . 3 Temples , called Tempora . 4 Eye-browes , called Supercilia . 5 Eye-lids , called Palpebrae . 6 Eye , called oculus , each Eye hath 1 A Nerve , called Nervus opticus . 2 Seven Tunicles . 3 Three Humours . 4 Seven Muscles . 5 A kernet of teares in the corner next the Nose . 6 Veines . 7 Arteries , &c. 7 Eares are called Aures . 8 Nose is called Nasus . 9 Cheeks are called Genae . 10 Mouth called Os in the which are these things of note , i. the 1 Lip , i. Labra . 2 Teeth , Dentes . 3 Tongue , Lingua . 4 Vuvla . 5 Pallat , i. Palatum . 6 Iaw-bones , i. - Maxilla . 11 Chin , called Mentum . Of the Anatomy of the necke . This part reacheth from the 1 foundation bone of the head behind , to the nether end of the seventh Spondle . 2 Epiglot to Gula before . Things of note of the neck are 14 , i. the 1 Spondels . 2 Ligaments . 3 Nucha . 4 Nerves . 5 Veines . 6 Arteries . 7 Paxwax . 8 Muscles . 9 Almonds . 10 Epiglot . 11 Isophagus . 12 Ismon . 13 Thachia Arteria . 14 Gula. A further Relation of these . 1 7. Spondels , or turning joynts of the neck . 2 7. Paires of Nerves of those Spondles . 3 Marrow of those Spondles called Nucha . 4 Ligaments . 5 Veines , Jugular or Guidigi , &c. 6 Arteries . 7 Paxwax called Servisis , i. the white haire . 8 Muscles being 20. 9 Almonds called Amigdales . 10 Epiglot , i ▪ called Ligulam , of some Operculuin laringis , is the knot or gristle in the throat at top of the wind-pipe . 11 Oesophagus , is the gut that carrieth the meat and drink from the mouth into the stomack , &c. 12 Ismon is above between the Oesophagus , and the Trachia arteria . 13 Trachia arteria , i. the wind-pipe . 14 Gula , is the pit or box , at the nether end of the neck before , at the upper end of the brest between the two furcula bones . Of the Anatomy of the Shoulder and great Arme , the great Arme reacheth from the Shoulder to the tops of the fingers . Things of note of the shoulder and great arme 14. i. the 1 Bones , 1 Shoulder are 3. i. the A further relation of these . 1 Os spatula , i. the shoulder blade . 2 Os furcula , i. the Camell bone . 3 Adjutory , i. the bone from the shoulder to the Elbow . 2 Great arme are 30. i. 1 On Adjutorie . 2. Two focils , i. 1 major , these two reach from the Elbow to the Wrist . 2 minor , 3. 8. Wrist . 1 bones called , Rasseta manus 2 i. 4. 1 above at the ends of the 1 focils 2 Ossa platinis 2 beneath 4. 5. called ossa platinis , i. the bones in the palmes of the hands . 5. 14. Ossa digitorum 1. three in each finger . 2. two in each finger . 2 Cartilages , 3 Ligaments , 4 Marrow , 5 Panicles , 6 Nerves , 7 Veines , 8 Arteries , 9 Flesh , 10 Muscles , 11 Cords , 12 Skin , 13 Haire , 14 Nailes . 1 Bones of the 2 Cartilages , 3 Ligaments , 4 Marrow , 1 Basilica , called the Liver veine 2 Cophalica , i. the head veine 3 Mediana , 1 The middle veine 2 called 1 Venanigra , of the Arme. 2 Cardiaca . 3 The common veine 4 Fonis Brachii , proceeds from the shoulder Veine , and spreads with divers branches on the back of the hand . 5 Cophalica oculorum appeares betweene the thumbe and the fore-finger , and is a branch of Cephalica . 5 Panicles , 6 Nerves , 7 Veines of note to let bloud in it are these 6 , i. the 8 Arteries . 9 Flesh 10 Muscles of note of the great Arme are 13. i. 1 4 no the 1 adjutory 2 Focils . 3 Hand . 4 5 2 3 11 Cords , Of these and all other things herein for brevity herein omitted , I referre you to my next Tract of Anatomy , which shall be more at large , if God permit me time . 12 Skin , 13 Haire , 14 Nailes , Note that the great Legge is composed of the like things as the great Arme. Of the Anatomie of the Brest , this part reacheth from Ossa furcula , downe to Diaphragma . Things of note of the Brest are generally two , i. the things contay - 2 ning are these 12. i. the 1 Vtter Skin . 2 Flesh . 3 Muscles . 4 Panicles . 5 Bones . 6 Gristles . 7 Nucha . 8 Paxwax . 9 Ligaments . 10 Nerves . 11 Paps . 12 Plura . A further relation of these . 1 Vtter Skin , called Cutis . 2 Flesh , Caro. 3 Muscles , called Lacertus , or Musculus , are eighty , and after some Writers , ninety . 4 Panicles , or the Periostea , &c. those that cover the bones . 5 Bones of this Region are 27. i. 1 Twelve Spondels beginning at the last Spondle of the neck , and so reacheth downwards . 2 Three brest bones , called 1 Pectorale . 2 Sternon . 3 Twelve 1 Seven called , Costae verae . 2 Five called 1 Costae spuriae . 2 The short ribs . 6 Gristle , Ensiformis , it groweth at the lower end , of the nether Sternon bone in the brest before . 7 Nucha , i. the marrow of those 12 Spondels . 8 Paxwax . 9 Ligaments . 10 Twelve paire of motive Nerves of those Spondels . 11 Paps of a glandulous substance , or flesh . 12 Plura , i. the panicle that covers the 1 Ribs within . 2 upper part of Diaphragma . 2 ned of note within the Brest are generally these six , i. the 1 Tracha Arteria . 2 Oesophagus . 3 Heart . 4 Panicles . 5 Lungs . 6 Midriff A further relation of these foresaid parts contained . Things of note of the things contayned in the Brest being six as aforesaid , i. the 1 Trachia Arteria , i. the wind pipe that brings aire to the Lungs and Heart . 2 Oesophagus , i. called Merie . 3 Heart in which note these seven things . 1 It is 1 called Cor. 2 a principall member , the Well of heat and life . 2 it hath two Ventricles , i. the 1 right , 2 left . 3 The two 1 deafe Eares . 1 Venalis , to carry bloud to the Lungs , and brings back aire to the Heart . 2 Magna . 2 great Arteries of the left Ventricle , Arteria . 5 Into the right Ventricle commeth a Vein into the Heart , to bring it bloud nutritive , from vena cava . 6 It is wrapped in the capsula cordis , a thicke Panicle like a purse . 7 it hath two motions 1 Diastole , i. opening of the Heart and Pulse . 2 Sistole , i. closing 4 Panicles of note are three i. the 1 Plura aforesaid . 2 Capsula Cordis . 3 Mediastine , i. a Panicle that divideth the brest right downe , i. divides the right side from the left . 5 Lungs of it consider these seven things of note 1 It is called pulmo , i. the lights . 2 The temperature is 1 naturally cold and dry . 1 accidentally cold and moist . 3 Their creation is first spermatick . 4 It hath 1 Two parts , i. on each side of the Brest on part . 2 Five Iobs , i 1 Three on the right side . 2 Two on the left 5 They were ordained for three causes , i. to 1 draw in Aire . 2 purifie and temper the Aire . 3 receive the fumous superfluities that the Heart doth breath forth . 6 Their vessels of note are three , i. their 1 Veines , 2 Pipes , 3 Arteria venalis , 4 Trachia Arteria . Their ligaments . 7 Midriffe 1 called 1 Diaphragma in Greeke . 2 Septum transversum , in Latin . 2 Is set at the lower part of the Brest to divide the spirituals members from the nutritives 3 The 1 upper part is made of the Panicle 1 Plura , Peritoneum . 2 nether middle between these 2. Panicles toward the ribs is lacertus flesh . 4 Was made for 3 causes , i. to 1 defend the spirituals that the nutritives oppresse them not . 2 keepe that the vitall heat descend not downe too much . 3 defend the Spunals from maligne fumes . Of the Anatomy of the Region of the Belly , it reacheth from the Midriffe , downe to os pubes , i. to the bottome of the belly . Things of note of the Region of the belly are generally two , i. the things contay - ning of note are generally these 8. i. the 1 Myrac , 2 Syphac , 3 Bones , 4 Nucha , 5 Netves , 6 Veines , 7 Arteries , 8 Muscles . A further relation of these eight things . 1 Myrac . 1 called 1 so in Arab , 2 Abdomon in Latine . 2 Is all the whole substance of the belly from Syphac , outward . 3 is made of these 4 , i. the 1 utter skin , 2 fat , next under that skin . 3 Carnosus , fleshy panicle , musculous flesh . 4 in this substance are eight muscles , i. 1. 2. longitudinals , 1 called misculi recti , 2 to draw out 1 wind , 2 urine , 3 egestion . 2 latitudinals 1 called musculi transversi . 2 to retaine things . 3. 4. Obliqui 1 called masculi obliqui . to expell 1 ventositie , 2 urine , 3 odours , &c. 2 Syphac . 1 called the Peritoneum . 2 is the inner skin that covereth the belly , and also maketh the nether panicle of Diaphragma . 3 groweth to Myrac , and seemeth to be part of its substance . 4 is 1 spermatick , 2 cold , 3 dry , 4 nervous , 5 sensible . 5 the breaking of it below is called a rupture . 6 note in large wounds of the belly , such Myrac and Syphack both together . 3 bones are here 13. i. the 1. 5 spondels . 1 of the backe , called lumbrorum vertebrae , these begin at the lowest rib , and reacheth to ossacrum . 6 lower spondels are all joyned with os sacrum by sympathy , but the lowest of those six , is a gristle called os caudae , i. the taile bone . 3. Two pin-bones joyned be - hind to os sacrum , fore , and do make os pubes , i. the share bone . 4 Nu●ba , is in all those eleven spondels likewise . 5 Nerves that come from those spondels are a 11 paire , & one odde nerve . 6 Veines , 7 Arteries . 8 Eight muscles are spoken of in Myrac . Things of note in the region of the belly contay - 2 ned , are 12. i. the 1 Call , 2 Liver , 3 Gall , 4 Spleene , 5 Stomacke , 6 Guts , 7 Mesenterium , 8 Reines , 9 Bladder , 10 Spermarick vessels , 11 Matrix , 12 The parts below without froth . A further relation of those 12. parts . 1 Call 1 called 1 Zirbus in Greeke , 2 Omentum in Latine . 2 is the fat Call that covereth the bowels next within Syphae . 2 Liver , 1 called in Greeke , Hepar , Latine , secur , i. massa sanguinis , i. a masse or lumpe of congealed bloud . 2 it lyeth 1 under Diaphragma , 2 in the right side under the short ribs . 3 i 1 Spermatick in the first creation , and after become sanguine . 2 a principall member , 3 hot and moyst , 4 insensible of it selfe , 5 the place of the second digestion , 6 Gibbons and round , on the outside , 7 hollow in the inside towards the stomack . 8 the originall seat of all Veines , 9 bound to Diaphragma , 10 sensible by accident . 4 have five lobs , 1 Porta , i in the hollow , part of the Liver . 2 Cava , i. magna , in the bunchy Two notable veins , i. vena , 3 Gall , 1 called 1 called vesicula f●llis , 2 the bladder of the Gall. 2 is 1 the receptacle of cholerick superfluities , 2 placed in the concavitie of the Liver , 3 Spermatick , 4 in most men halfe a pint . 3 have ● . orifices , i. 1 on to draw in choler , the other to clense the bloud in the Liver . 2 Two to send choler to the 1 Stomack , to scoure out 1 slime , excrements 2 gut pilorum , leen , 4 Spleen is 1 called lienae , i. the Milt or Spleen , 2 Spermatick , 3 cold , 4 dry , 5 the receptacle of Melancholy placed on the left side under the 1 Midriffe , 2 short ribs . 7 fastned to the 1 Liver behind to draw away the fecks of the bloud . 2 Stomack before to cast in a sowre juice , to cause the sharper appetite . 8 ordained for three causes , i. to 1 nourish it selfe , 2 clense the bloud from Melancholy , 3 sharpen the appetite . Things of note in the region of the belly contay - 2 ned , are 12. i. the 1 called ventriculus , 2 under Diaphragma , 3 lieth betweene the Liver and the Spleene , 4 compound , 5 Spermatick , 6 Nervous , 7 very sensible , 8 made of two Panicles , i. the 1 inward , 2 utter . 9 the place of the first disgestion , 10 narrow above and wide beneath , 11 the first foundation of nourishment to all parts . 12 in quantity three pints . 13 fastned 1 above to Oesophagus , 2 below to the Gut Duodenum . 14 in forme 1 much like the bagge of a Bag-pipe , 2 both ends partly upward , 3 with the nether passage better then the other 3 for causes as shall in the next Tract be declared . And are called the Intestines . 1 Duodenum 1 groweth to the nether mouth of the stomacke . 2 is twelve inches long , 3 also called pilorum . 3 2 Iejunium 1 The empty or fasting gut is ever more found empty 2 Into this gut passeth choler from the gall to clense it . 3 Jlion . the small gut , this is 1 fifteene or sixteene cubits long , 2 called in Latine Tenue . 4 Monocubus , i. 1 The blind gut , called saccus , i. a sack , 2 This gut seemeth to have but one end , 3 There goeth no Mesentery Veines beyond this gut , to draw any juice because all the food is spent before . 5 Colon 1 is the great gut 1 full of wromples , 2 in it is bred the wind Collick , 2 receiveth all the drosse being past all nourishment . 3 have no Mesenteries come to it . 6 Longaon 1 called 1 intestinum rectum , 2 the gut of the fundament . 2 is a span long . 3 reacheth neere to the Kidneyes . 4 have 1 Muscles in the nether end some say Two i. 1 open , 2 close . one to 4 one to 1 open , 2 shut , 3 retaine , 4 expell . 5 Hemoroidal Veines that come to it from the Liver and Spleen . Mesenterium . Things of note of the region of the belly contay - 2 ned are 12. i. the 7 Mesenterium 1 called the Megerum , or the Crow of some . 2 is the fat substance that holdeth the guts together . 3 keepeth the guts together , and tyeth them in their places . 4 is full of 1 Veines mensetery , i. sucking Veins . 2 kernels mixt with the fat therof 5 groweth fast to the back . 6 The Veins thereof are called meseraiaca vasa , whose innumerable Veins serve to draw the Chylus that is made in the stomacke by the digestion , from the stomacke and guts into venae porta , in the hollow part of the Liver . 8 Reins are 1 called Renes , i. the Kidnies . 2 lacertous flesh . 3 Two in number . 4 tied fast to the backe . 5 like to the Kidnies of a Cow . 6 placed 1 on each side within towards the backe of the nethermost or twelfth spondle of the brest , or very neere thereunto . 2 the right ever higher then the left . 3 with fat about them , ever to temper the heat made about them , by sharpnesse of the urine , &c. 7 made 1 to clense the bloud from watry superfluities . 2 with two fine passages , the one to 1 draw the watry part of the bloud from venaekelis , by the emulgent veins to the Kidnies . 2 send the urine to the bladder which passage is called porus ureticus . 8 of harder flesh then any other member for two causes , i. the better to 1 resist the sharpnesse of the urine without hurt . 2 Alter and clense the urine . Things of note of the region of the belly contained , be these 12. i. the 9 Bladder is 1 called Vesica . 2 Spermatick . 3 compound with many Veines and Arteries , &c. 4 cold . 5 dry . 6 made of two Panicles . 7 Carnous , or fleshy on the neck . 8 placed 1 Men , betweene the share bone and 1 Longaon , 2 The Matrix . 2 Women , 9 The receptacle of urine . 10 A pint or more . 10 Spermatick vessels , i. 1 called vasa seminaria , 2 Come from venakelis and arteria magna . Some 1 bring fit bloud for it to the resticles , to be there changed into Sperme . passe from the testicles to cast the Sperme from them , in 1 Men into the yard . 2 Women into the bottome of the Matrix . 11 Matrix 1 the 1 neck is called 1 Cervix uteri , 2 Vulva . 2 port 2 is 1 cold , 2 dry , 3 Spermatick , 4 compound of 1 Veines , 2 Arteries , 3 Nerves , &c. 5 placed betweene Langaon and the Bladder . 6 much like the Bladder in forme . 7 The field of mans generation . 3 Embreon in which the 1 first things shaped are the 1 principall members 2 bones and Cartilages . 3 other members all in generall . 2 next 3 last 4 Secundine is the Panicle or Wrapper in which the child lieth . 5 Rest of these things that might be here spoken of , concerning these matters for brevitie I omit . 12 parts below . The twelfth of the parts below without froth are the 1 Groines 1 or flankes called Ingunie , or Emunctories , the clensing place of the Liver . 2 are full of Glandules or Kernels . 2 Yard . 1 called virgam 2 whose 1 he is 1 called glans , 2 true and simple flesh . 2 utter loose skin that covereth over the head of it , is called praeputium . 3 Cods 1 called Scrotum . 2 contayneth in them these sixe things , i. the 1 〈◊〉 , i. the hollow string that holdeth the stone . 2 Testicles , i. the stones . 3 Dartos , i. the Panicle that covereth the stone 〈◊〉 within the Dedim . 4 Erythroeida , i. the next thin covering within the Dartos . 5 Epidydimis , is a Glandell that cleaveth to the upper part of each stone . 6 Seminary vessels , that erect the seed from the stones into the Yard . Of the Anatomy of the thigh and great legge , which reacheth from the Pin-bone to the top of the toes . The great leg is divided into 3. parts , i. the 1 Thigh have . 1 one bone 1 called foemora , or coxa , 2 it reacheth from the pin-bone to the knee , 2 the other parts as that of the great arme . 2 Shank have 1 On whirle bone ▪ on the knee called 1 ro●ulae genu . 2 The knee pan . 2 bones 1 that reach from the knee to the Ancle . 2 called focile or Tibia , 1 majus . 2 minus . 3 The greatest is the shin-bone , whose nether end maketh the inner Ancle , least standeth on the outside of the legge from the gartering place under the knee I owne to the utter ancle , the nether end of it makcth utter Ancle . 3 4. Veines , see ♋ . The great Legge is divided into three parts i. the 2 Shank-have 4 Veins to be opened by Phlebotomy , i. Venae . 1 Popletica , i. the Veine vider the ham . 2 Saphena , is on the 1 in side of the Ancle . 2 out 3 Sciatica , 4 Kenalis , i. the veine that lyeth between the little Toe and the next to it . 3 Foot have 26 bones , i. 1 Os Talus , i. the bone next under the focils of the Legge , 2 Os Calcis , the heele bone , it is joyned behind to os Talus , under it . 3 Os naviformis , i. 1 the shiplike bone , i. the bone of the instep . 2 is joyned to Os Talus , under the fore part of it . 4 Ossa Rassita pedis , be 4 , i. 1 On called Cubiforme , i. the square Dye-bone in the inside of the heart of the foot . 2 Three called Chalcoidea . 5 Ossa planta pedis , be five small bones in the plant of the foot , reaching from the aforesaid foure bones to the bones of the Toes . 6 of the Toes are 1 next below joyning to those five bones last above said . 2 fourteen i. 1 Two in the great Toe . 2 Three in each other 4 Bones of the great Legge from the hip downwards are 30. i. 1 on in the thigh . 2 one on the knee . 3 Two in the Legge from the knee to the ancle . 4 six and twenty in the instep and foot . 5 Other parts are like those of the great Arme. Laus DEO . FINIS .