Mythologia ethica, or, Three centuries of Æsopian fables in English prose done from Æsop, Phædrus, Camerarius, and all other eminent authors on this subject : illustrated with moral, philosophical, and political precepts : also with aphorisms and proverbs in several languages, and adorned with many curious sculptures cut on copper plates / by Philip Ayres, Esq.

Hic erit ille pius Chiron justissimus omnes Inter nubigenas , et magni Doctor Achillis . Germ : in Arat Printed for Tho Howkins in George yard in Lombard street

Mythologia Ethica : OR , Three Centuries OF AESOPIAN FABLES .

In English Prose .

Done from Aesop , Phaedrus , Camerarius , and all other Eminent Authors on this Subject .

Illustrated with Moral , Philosophical , and Political Precepts . Also with Aphorisms and Proverbs , in several Languages . And adorned with many Curious Sculptures , Cut on Copper Plates .

By Philip Ayres , Esq

Cervius haec inter , vicinus garrit aniles Ex re Fabellas . Nam fi quis laudat Arelli Sollicitas ignarus opes , sic incipit : Olim Rusticus urbanum Murem Mus paupere fertur , Accepisse cavo , &c. — Hor. 2. L. Serm. 6. Sat.

LONDON ▪ Printed for Thomas Howkins , in George-Yard , in Lombard-street . MDCLXXXIX .

Licensed ,

Sept. 27. 1688. Rob. Midgley .

TO MY HONOURED and LEARNED KINSMAN and FRIEND Mr. LEWIS MAYDWELL . SIR ,

THE Dedicating of Books to Noblemen , is either Ambition in the Author , to adorn the Front of his Work with Illustrious Titles ; or a counterfeit begging their Patronage and Protection ; or else an acknowledgment of Favours received from them . I am not guilty of the first , nor have I flattered my self with the second , but I have made use of the last , to express in some measure , a sence of the many Obligations I have to you . I confess I have been quarrelling with my Studies , that they have not afforded me something of more value than a Translation , as a Present to my Friend , who is so great a Master of Originals ; yet this Anthology of Fables , for the Pains I have taken , in gathering and new modelling them , together with my Notes and Observations on them , deserving a Title somewhat above that , cannot , I hope , be thought improper to be submitted to your Judgment . I intended them for the benefit of such as have not the Skill to search for them in their several Languages , from whence I fetched them . The representing of which pleasant Ideas , to the Readers Fancy , being like the placing of Pictures before their Eyes , whereby more firm and lasting Impressions of Vertue may be fix'd in them , than by plain Rules and Maxims . This was Horace's Opinion , who in his Art of Poetry , says , Segnius irritant Animos demissa per Aurem , Quam quae sunt Oculis subjecta fidelibus .

I have also been very careful that the Subjects of my Fables should be modest , grave , and accommodated to the best Precepts of Vertue and Wisdom ; wherein I have exploded all manner of indecencies , too imprudently used by I. Poggius the Florentine , and some others ; that so they might be more proper for Instruction of Youth , whose minds are commonly delighted with such Fancies as these . And , in a plain Stile have I dressed this Work , to their Advantage particularly , whose Parents either cannot or will not , be at the Charge of having them bred to Learning , but will leave all to the strength of Nature , as their only School-Mistress . For these Seeds of Virtue naturally sown in them , will degenerate , unless by some wholesome Precepts , stirred up , and made to exert their latent Qualities . Thus the generous Vine , if not timely pruned and dressed , becomes Wild and Unfruitful .

Now as certain Medicines are used , as well for keeping Men in Health , as for Curing the Sick ; so , to excite and preserve Vertue , as well as to cure the Diseases of the Mind , good and sound Precepts of Morality are requisite , which are always esteemed its properest Medicaments . 'T is the Knowledg and Practice of this Morality , which makes our Lives happy ; by whose Rules , Violence and Oppression are separated from Justice and Equity : They show clearly the difference betwixt what is Vertuous , and what Vitious : without which Distinction , as Isocrates says , there could be no Society amongst Men. These are the sober Guides , which call back Fools from going astray , and even admonish and secure the Wise in the right Paths . Wherefore the Greeks very Significantly called such Instructions 〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉 , because they settle our Thoughts , and constitute our Understandings . Youths raised to this pitch are preferred to others , being pronounced by Plato , to be qualified for the good of Mankind , as having their minds adorned with such useful Knowledg , 〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉 , says he , 〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉 .

But I shall fall into the same Error with him , who read a Lecture of War to Hannibal ; since no Man knows the Genius of Youth better than your self ; under whose Vigilant Care , Prudent Discipline , and diligent Culture , so many Noble Plants have been already , and others are now raising , for the Service and Glory of their Country . Your Experience , Sedulous Reading , and quickness in all manner of Learning , have justly rendred you , in the Opinion of the best Judges , the most Compleat Master for Educating Youth , in this our Age. Your School for its easie Methods , for the large Acquirements there to be had , and for its Regularity , may more properly be termed a Colledge ; where you keep up to a Wonder the Formality of a Master , without the Pedantry ; and have happily joyned the Gentleman , with the Scholar ; by which you become a proper Governour , for the Sons of the most Eminent Families of this Kingdom . Amongst whom you dispence your Precepts , so full of Truth , Wisdom and Honour , that the being within your Walls , should be an Incitement to the worst of Tempers , to be in Love with Vertue and Learning . Your Employment , carried on as it is , ought to be as Honourable as it is Laborious , and import its Rewards , as it exports its Cares . And with the Satyrist , in respect of the Labours of Learned and Indulgent Masters ; I must wish well to all that pay Gratitude to them .

Dij Majorum umbris tenuem , & sine pondere terram , Spirantesque Crocos , & in urna perpetuum ver , Qui Praeceptorem sancti voluere Parentis Esse Loco . Juvenal . Sat. 4. SIR , I am Your most Affectionate Kinsman and Humble Servant , Philip Ayres .

The Preface .

SOme Antient Philosophers have written , that every one of us partake of two different Natures or Qualities ; the one of a Man , and the other of a Beast . The first of these is ever enclining us to Vertue and Honourable Actions : and the latter alluring us to things more Brutish , and unbecoming Humanity . Therefore , have the Poets feigned that Achilles , and many other Princes were committed to Chiron the Centaur , to be brought up under his admirable Discipline ; who being half a Man and half a Beast , and having a perfect understanding of both these Natures , might instruct them by Wise Precepts , to make their proper Advantages of the one , and avoid the continual Allurements of the other . And tho' this Centaurs Methods of Instruction , were probably by Fables or Hieroglyfics , as was much of the Learning of those Antient Times ; and his shape so very preposterous ; yet his Scholars , of which number were Apollo and Aesculapius , had a due respect both to his Person and Precepts , as even Achilles himself had , which Iuvenal thus hints in his Seventh Satyr . — Metuens virgae , jam grandis Achilles Cantabat patrijs in Montibus : Et cui non tunc Eliceret risum Citharaedi cauda Magistri ? Let none therefore dispise my two Principal Authors , Aesop for his Deformitity , or the Thracian Phaedrus for his Barbarous Country , nor yet for their obscure Births ; or meanness of their Conditions , having both been Slaves : Neither let any think that these Fables were invented only for the pleasing of Children , as some weak and Indiscreet Persons have fancied ; since he that reads them with a Prudent Consideration , will find not only very useful Precepts of Morality , but also many of the most admirable notions of Philosophy , and solid Maxims of Policy contained herein . For who can imagine that our incomparable Philosopher Aesop should have undertaken any thing , that was not Excellent and Mysterious , seeing the Gods concerned themselves in the Vindication of his Vertue ; and that the Divine Justice doomed those to an Ignominious Death who conspired to take away his Life .

But methinks there should need no great matter of Argument to gain a Credit to this our Mythology , which has been approved by the most Learned Men of past Ages , reverenced by all Nations , and esteemed even by Soveraign Monarchs . Such will therefore but betray their own Ignorance , as shall condemn these Pleasant Apologues , alledging that they rather become the Mouths of mean Persons ▪ Women and Children , than Men of eminent Parts , and such as bear any considerable Office in a Common-wealth ; whereas 't is evident that the greatest States-men of all Nations , in their most supream Councils , as well as on divers other Occasions , have made frequent use of them . Do we not read that Demosthenes found no better means to overcome the Obstinacy of the Athenians , than by entertaining them with a Pleasant Fable : The Divine Plato has inserted them amongst his Laws , as excellent Flowers . The Ancient Poets have enriched their Works with them , and have dextrously used them to make the Barbarous People receive with more delight , the Sacred Mysteries of their Theology . Mennenius Agrippa , with a Fable , pacified the Mutineers against the Roman Senate . And Phalaris of Agrigentum , tho' a fierce Tyrant , had been chosen by the Himerenses for General of their Army , if the Poet Stesichorus , by the Fable of the Horse and the Stag , had not affrighted them from it .

Kings themselves have not disdained to speak in this Language . Cyrus the Great refused , for some time , to grant the Ambassadors of the Ionians and Aeolians , the Pardon they were sent to sue for , after their ill success , when forced to truckle to him , whose Government they had formerly rejected ; the King answering them with the Fable of the Fisher , who expected to have made the Fishes Dance ashore , out of the Water , to the sound of his Pipe. And Theobaldus , King of Austracia , now Lorrain , as Gregorius Turonensis relates , intending to punish an Officer , who had enriched himself by Extortion , and unlawful Exactions on the People , assisted himself with the same Prudence . A Serpent , said he , slipping into a Vessel of Wine , so filled his Body with that sweet Liquor , that he could not possibly get out again at the Hole through which he entred , until he had first emptied himself of all the Wine he had drank . Nor did that great Man Iulius Caesar , less honour Fables ; for when the Inhabitants of Cuidus had Revolted from his Party , to side with Pompey , he pardoned them , only for the sake of Theopompus the Orator and Historian , who had industriously made and Published a Collection of choice Fables .

But what would some Ignorant People say , should I tell them of the Thistle , that sent Ambassadors to the Cedar which was in Lebanon , saying , Give thy Daughter in Marriage to my Son ; and that to punish this Arrogance of the Thistle , a Wild Beast of the Forrest coming thither , trod it down and destroyed it . Or should I relate what passed among the Trees , when they assembled together for choosing a King to rule over them ; yet these are both taken out of the Holy Scriptures . And was not the Prophet Nathan sent from God to King David , after his Adultery with Bathsheba , and Murder of her Husband Vriah , to make this good King sensible of the double Crime he had committed ; giving him this Relation ? That there was a Rich man , the Master of many Flocks and Herds , and a Poor man who had but one Ewe Lamb , which he loved and bred up with his Children , feeding it at his own Table , and cherishing it as his Child ; and that when a Traveller came to the Rich mans House , he spared his own Flocks , and took the Poor mans Lamb out of his Bosom , which he killed and dressed to feast the stranger . These were Mysterious Words dictated by the Holy Ghost , which touched , and wounded the Heart of that incomparable Monarch , opening a way to his Repentance .

And our Blessed Saviour Iesus Christ whilst he was here on Earth , conversing among men , did he not also express himself in Parables ? Which were no other than Fables , prudently invented , for convincing a stubborn , and unbelieving People . And without a Parable spake he not . In one place he makes mention of a Grain of Mustard-seed , which being very small , grew up higher than the tallest Trees . And in another , he tells of a man that sowed his seed upon a Rock , where the Birds of the Air came and eat it up . Now these things being full of Mysteries , and Iesus Christ being the Truth it self , we must believe that Fables , which he thought convenient to make use of , were the proper Characters of Truth ; and that it could no way be more nobly , and more profitably represented , than by them . And St. August . says , Falsa illa quidpiam significantia , ac sensum absconditum involventia , ea non esse Mendacia sed Figuras Veritatis , quibus sapientissimi , & Sanctissimi quique usi sunt .

But if some unsatisfied Person , to justify his ill Opinion of Fables ▪ should think he had sufficient reason to slight and disesteem them for the meanness of their subjects : I shall answer , that a man would be accounted but very weak , that should have a Fancy to cut down a Tree , only because its body was crooked , without having any regard to the excellent Fruit which it might bear in its proper Season . Nor would any but a very unskilful man throw away an unpolished Diamond , because its splendour and sparkling Beauty was hid under the roughness and deformity of an ordinary Stone . So Fables though they may seem ridiculous for their introducing Beasts , Birds , and Trees talking together , yet are they to be highly valued for the Learning and profitable Instruction they contain within them .

The Arabians , as the Learned Huetius affirms , in his Book De Origine Fabulaerum Romanesium , were so great Lovers of Fables that their Prophet Mahomet has filled his Alcoran with them ; And as he boasted himself to be the Messenger of God , who speaks to men in Parables , he would there seem to imitate Him. These Arabians Translated Aesop's Fables into their own Language ; by whose Pattern they also composed divers others . And that Locman so famous over all the Eastern Countries , is by many supposed to be no other than Aesop , whose Fables these People collected into one large Volume ; adding many of their own to them , and they valued themselves very much , upon their knowledg of them ; because in one Chapter , which for that reason is inscribed to the name of Locman , the Alcoran does highly extol his Wisdom . The Lives of all the Patriarchs , Prophets , and Apostles of this Nation , are full of such Fables . And they have amongst them a certain Sect of Philosophers , who , that they may lay down their Precepts to the Capacity of the Common People , do them under the familiar way of Fables .

The Persians were not at all behind-hand with the Arabians , in this pleasant Art of lying , altho' none more detest a lye in their Civil Conversation than they , nor more reproved their Children for it . Yet 't is a wonder to think how much they were pleased with a Lye ( if such Inventions or Figments may be called so ) in their Books of Morality , and for the Propagation of their Learning . Witness the Fabulous Exploits of their great Law-giver Zoroaster ; and Aesops Fables were so delightful to their Pallats , that they boasted , the Author of them was their Country-man . Now he being the same Person with Locman , in the Alcoran , so much reverenced by all the People of the East , they endeavoured to take from Phrygia the Honour of his having been Born there ; and establish it among themselves . And whereas some Arabians would make his Descent to have been from the Hebrews , the Persians deny it , and affirm him rather an Aethiopian , which the Etymology of his Name seems to confirm , but that he lived at Cassuvium , which City many suppose to have been the ancient Arsacia in Media . Hence some Criticks in History , when they compared Locmans Life , written by Mircondus , with Aesops , done by Maximus Planudes , find them to have a great resemblance . For as the Angels bestow Wisdom on Locman in his Author Marcondus , so do these Criticks observe Mercury to impart Fable to Aesop , in his Authors Philostratus and Planudes . Which brought into their minds that the Greeks might have taken this Locman from the Eastern Nations , and so from him feigned ( as I may say ) their Aesop. But I shall leave this Controversie , knowing the Grecians , as well as the Eastern People , are too much addicted to mix Inventions with their History and Chronology . Yet to the first is attributed the greatest credit of Faith and Industry . For the likeness which the Locman of Mircondus ; has with the Aesop of Planudes and Philostratus , does not any more make Locman to be Aesop , than Aesop to be Locman

The Persians honoured Locman with the Sirname of Wise , and so is Aesop always ranked in the number of the Wise. They report of him , that he found out the most abstruse Secrets of Physick , and had such profound skill therein , that he could even raise men from the Dead . His Fables were so illustrated and enlarged with such Variety of Expositions , that the Arabians made out of them that great Volume , which is now to be seen at Rome in the Vatican Library . His fame was spread abroad overall Aegypt and Aethiopia , where his Name and Learning was had in so great Veneration , that many have supposed him to have been born there . Nor do the Turks less honour him at this Day .

Mircondus and the Arabians make him to have lived in the Reign of King David , so that if this be supposed the true Aesop , and any credit be given to the Greek Chronologers , those Eastern Writers have mistaken no less than four hundred and fifty years , which is no unusual thing with them . But by this computation the Character of Locman might more properly agree with Hesiod , who flourished in Solomons time ; and who , as Quintilian and Plutarch affirm , was the first that might boast he laid down the Designs of those Fables , whose Inventions were attributed to Aesop.

This Name of Locman for his admirable book of Fables , is so renowned , that it has reached even into India , where he is celebrated in their Songs , and by them said to be the brother of Ram , or Ramus , their excellent Law-giver , whom they adore as a Deity . Which Ram is reported to have been a very Holy Person , a great Warrior , and a most powerful King , reigning in the Northern parts of India .

The Americans also are said to be great Lovers of Fables , and to reward those who can relate them ; being much delighted to hear of Dogs , Horses , and other Creatures , talking together .

But I shall forbear , at present , any further discourse of Aesop , intending speedily to publish his Life at large , with another Volume of Fables , already prepared for the Press , if these answer my Booksellers expectation . Yet I must acquaint my Reader , that these run not according to the common method of the Greek or Latin Fables used in Schools ; for being a mixture of divers Authors , which I englished out of several Languages , I have Polished , and Methodized them to my own fancy , calling them Aesopian , from the Resemblance the rest have to his . Not that Aesop ( as some have imagined ) was the first Inventor of these Apologues or Moral Fables , for Homer , Hesiod and Archilochus were before him , but he as Aphthonius says of him , 〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉 . has writ the best Fables . Hence Quintilian observes , That those Fables commonly reported to be Aesops though they were not all really his , for Hesiod seems to have been the Author of many of them ( as I have before hinted ) yet were they chiefly Celebrated under Aesops name . But I shall conclude my long Preface with what Phaedrus says of his work in his Prologue to it . Duplex Libelli dos est ; Quod risum movet , & quod Prudenti vitam consilio monet . That there is a double gift or advantage in this Book , It both excites Laughter , and gives wholsom Instructions for the Prudent Government of our Lives .

Mythologia Ethica : OR , AESOPIAN FABLES . The First Century .

FAB. I. The Cock and the Precious Stone .

A Dunghil Cock scratching in a Heap of Dirt , espyed a Precious Stone , on which casting a scornful Eye , What a glittering thing , said he , art thou ? Had a Jeweller , who knew thy value , been so happy to find thee , he would have rejoyced , for thou mightest have made him rich : But since thou art of no Benefit to me , I despise thee , and should rather have found a Grain of Barly , than all the Sparkling Gemms of the World.

By this Precious Stone may be meant Wisdom and Arts , and by the Dunghil Cock an Ignorant man , who has no Love for Knowledge , because he understands not its Value . Again , The Cock may also signifie the Covetous and the Luxurious man , both which spend their Lives scratching amongst the Dirt of the World : The former in a search after Riches , the latter in satisfying his Brutish Lusts : And tho they have opportunities of acquiring Wisdom , are yet of so depraved a Nature , that they had rather gratifie their sordid Appetites , than be possessors of that inestimable Iewel . But 't is probable the Author of this Fable might more particularly allude to those who scorn this kind of Learning , which in former Ages has been held in great esteem . Such men know not the value of these Precious Gemms , but raking in the Dunghil of unprofitable Books , had rather find some piece of Filthy Debauchery , than suck the Honey out of these fragrant Flowers . Optima saepè despecta : The best things are commonly despised .

FAB. II. The Hart , the Sheep and the Wolf.

A Hart claimed of a Sheep a Measure of Corn she owed him , and brought a Wolf to justifie his demand . Tho the Sheep was innocent of the thing , yet being affrighted at the presence of the Wolf , she readily acknowledged the Debt , and proposed a day of Payment . At the prefixed time the Hart came for his Corn , but the Sheep denyed what she before had owned ; and excused herself , alledging she had done it for fear of the Wolf , her Capital Enemy ; and that Promises so extorted by force , ought not to be kept .

Fraud should be repaid with fraud ; and he who studies to cheat others , must not wonder when paid in his own Coin.

FAB. III. The Nightingale and the Wolf.

MAny Days and Nights successively , had a Hungry Wolf followed a Nightingale to make her his Prey , still guided in his pursuit by her lowd singing . At last he had his ends in part , for he seized the poor Bird ; but having eat her , Well , said he , by the Noise thou madest , I expected thou hadst been some great Creature , with which I might have satisfied my Hunger , but I have found thee a Voice only , and nothing more .

Many Persons , after a long dependance on others , being fed with large Promises , find at last all their Hopes , and tedious Expectations , paid in Words . Vox & praeterea nihil .

FAB. IV. The Parrot and the Cat.

A Man that had bought a Parrot , brought it home , and put it into a Cage ; where , according to its Custome , it began to talk and sing pleasantly . Which the Cat observing , asked , What art thou ? and whence camest thou ? I am a Bird , answered the Parrot , my Master bought to day , and just now brought me in hither . O thou Bold Creature ! said the Cat , that being but newly come within these Doors , hast the Impudence to make so loud a noise : When I , that have been born and bred within this House , beginning but to call on this manner , My Master and Mistress are so far from suffering me to go on , that they set the whole Family about my Ears , to the very Hazard of my Life , whilst thou thus confidently makest a bauling , and fearest no Contradiction . By your favour , Mistress Puss , replyed the Parrot , my voice is not so ungrateful to my Masters Ears , as yours .

Against Foolish Men , making improper Comparisons .

FAB. V. The Rose and the Amaranthus .

THe Flower Amaranthus , or Princes Feather , called by many the Life Everlasting , growing by a Rose-bush , began this Discourse to the Rose , O thou Beautiful and Excellent Flower ! thou art happy both in thy Lovely Colour , and thy most fragrant Smell , for which thou art beloved not only of Men , but of the Gods themselves . O Amaranthus ! said the Rose , I live but a short time , and though none pluck me off from the Tree , I soon fade and drop to the Earth , whilst thy small Flowers , in spight of envious Time , keep fresh , and never lose their native Beauty .

'T is better to be contented in a settled mean Condition , than for a short time to live in Honour , and suffer some unhappy change , or loss of Life .

FAB. VI. The Mountain and the Mouse .

THere once happened an Earth-quake , which rending a Mountain , caused a Rumour to be spread abroad , that the Mountain was in Travel : This brought thither a great Concourse of people , who staid there in no small fear , expecting some strange and prodigious Birth . Nay certain Persons began to apprehend the Titans would have once more appeared in the World , and renewed their War against the Gods. But at last they were eased of their Fears , for this Mountain was Delivered , and there only came forth a little Mouse ; which ridiculous Sight moved all the Assembly to Laughter .

This Fable , taken from Antonius Campanus , is to expose the Folly of such as raise Mens expectations with a pretence of doing great Things , and are able to perform very little : Whence that of Horace grown into a Proverb .

Parturiunt Montes nascetur ridiculus Mus. Spesse volte , says the Italian , è piu grave il timor del Pericolo . We are often more afraid than hurt . And the Spaniards say , El que amenaza mucho , haze poco . He that threatens most , does least .

FAB. VII . The Fly that was drowned .

WHen a Fly , that had faln into a Pot of Broath , perceived she must inevitably be drowned , having spent her strength with struggling to get out ; Since , said she with an undisturb'd Look , I have drank with so much Goust , feasted so plentifully , and bathed my self with such Delight , I can freely leave this unquiet World , and dye contented .

A Prudent Man suffers that patiently which he cannot avoid .

FAB. VIII . The Magpye and the Eagle .

GReat application did a Magpye make to an Eagle , to be entertained in his Service as one of his Domesticks ; and in her own favour was not backward in setting forth her Merits , the Beauty of her Person , and Fluency of her Tongue for Messages , and Dispatch of Business . I would gladly , answered the Eagle , receive you into my House , were I not assured , you would be chattering of whatsoever I do in my Family , and make it publick to all the World.

We should beware of Tale-bearers , who can keep no Secret , but must be divulging all they know , to as many as they meet .

FAB. IX . The Ass that found no end of his Labours .

IN Winter time , an Ass was grieved at the coldness of the Season , and that he was forced to live only on Straw , often wishing for Spring , that the weather might be more temperate , and he so happy to feed on fresh Grass . The Spring came , but he was then employed to fetch in Earth for making Bricks and Tiles . This made him cry out , O ye Gods ! would the Summer were here , that my Master being busie at his Harvest , I might have time to get a little Rest. When it was Summer , they made the poor Beast constantly Work in carrying Corn into the Barns ; which Labour was no sooner ended , but the Autumn was come , and he constrained to bring home the Wines and Fruits ; This made him renew his Grief . Alas ! cry'd he , It would be better for me , were it Winter again , for then my Master could not Work by reason of the Severity of the Weather , and I might hope for some respit from all this Drudgery .

This Paints out the Miserable Lives of many poor Men ; the Pinching Wants they sustain , and continued Labours and Hardships they are forced to undergo , during all the Seasons of the year .

FAB. X. The Wolf and the Porcupine .

A Good inclination had a hungry Wolf to set upon a Porcupine , but durst not for fear of his Quills ; he therefore cunningly told him , he wondred he should trouble himself with all that load of Darts at his back in times of Peace ; advising him , rather to imitate the Good Soldier , who only carries Arms when he goes to the Battel . We should always , answered the Porcupine , be prepared for fighting when we see a Wolf.

A Wise man ought ever to be on his Guard when his Enemy is present .

FAB. XI . The Mice and the Cat.

THe Mice seeing from their Peep-hole , a Cat sit in a Room , with a grave Countenance , and Eyes fixed on the ground , said amongst themselves , surely this Creature cannot be so fierce as she is reported ; for that modest look plainly shews her to be of a sweet and harmless Temper , and that she should rather be enclined to Devotion than Cruelty ; what ill Character soever we may conceive of her . I 'll sally out , said one of them , and discourse her , to try if I cannot on your behalves , contract with her a league of Friendship . To which noble Adventure they all encouraging him ; he boldly went out , but as he was advancing towards the Cat , she turning that way espy'd him , and leaping on him , quickly devour'd him . When the rest of the Mice beheld the sad Catastrophe of their Ambassador , they in an affright withdrew , and durst no more venture out of their Sanctuary .

Men are not to be judged by their Looks , but by their Actions ; for many times ravenous Wolves are concealed under Sheeps cloathing .

FAB. XII . The Brother and the Sister .

A Man had a Daughter very hard-favoured , and a little Son extremely beautiful ; these , as a Looking-glass stood in their Mothers Chair , playing about it as Children are accustomed to do , and observing one anothers Faces in it ; the Boy began to boast that his was handsomest : The Girl at this was heartily vexed , and not able to endure the scorns of her Brother , for she took all he said to heart , and spoken to her disparagement : She therefore running to her Father in a passion , accused her Brother as of a heinous Crime , That he , being a Boy , should meddle with a Looking-glass , which was only proper for Women . But the tender Father , embracing them both , and kissing them , thus equally sharing his Fatherly affection between them . I will have you both , said he , see your Faces in this Glass every day . You my Son , added he , because you may not soil your Beauty by the ugliness and filthiness of Vice : and you , my Daughter , that you may cover the Defects of your Face by the Purity of your Manners and Vertue .

Remember this , says Phaedrus , and consider it often by your self . The Morality is plain , and needs no explanation . Sat pulcher , qui sat bonus . Which our English Proverb answers very aptly : He handsome is that handsome does .

FAB. XIII . The Crow and the Fox .

UPon a Tree as a Crow sate with a great piece of Cheese in her Mouth , she was espyed by a Crafty Fox , who designing to make himself Master of the prey , came under the Bough where she was just about to dine , and deceitfully complemented her on this manner : Good morrow Madam , said he , I have frequently heard that Fame is seldom to be credited , and now find the saying true . For at some distance , being so happy to espy you pearched on this Tree , I came hither , out of Curiosity , to satisfy my self concerning a malicious Calumny I have often heard thrown on you ; which is , that you were blacker than Pitch , and now I here find , that you may vye with the very Snow for Whiteness . Truly you excel , in my Judgment , the Swan in the purity of your Colour , and were you but as admirable at your Singing , as you are renowned for your Auguries , and ennobled by your Milky plumes , your Vertues and Merits might justly claim a Soveraignty over all other Birds . The Crow thought he had spoken in earnest , and going to show the excellency of her Voice , let fall the Cheese out of her Mouth ; which the Fox quickly snatched up , not without a hearty fit of Laughter , and eat it in her sight : Whilst the vain-glorious Bird was both troubled , and ashamed she had listened to that gross Flattery , whereby she lost so valuable a prey .

This Fable reproves those who are so greedy of Praise , that , setting aside all Modesty , they give up themselves and all they have , as a Prey to Flatterers and Parasites . The Spaniards say , Los que dessean y han gozo en ser alabados , arrepientense dello quando se veen enganados : They who delight to hear themselves praised , repent at last when they find themselves deceived . Amici adulantes pervertunt : Flattering Friends undermine those who listen to them .

FAB. XIV . The Apes and the Bird.

MAny Apes in a Cold Night , were got together under a Tree , where one of them happening to espy a Glow-worm that shines in the dark , cryed out that he had found Fire , and shewed it to his Companions ; who also thinking it a Fire-Coal , gathered small sticks of Wood , and piling them upon it , blew and fanned it , expecting to have made it burn . This , a little Bird observing as she sat upon an opposite Tree , called out to tell them their mistake ; but they not regarding her , kept to their business . The Bird supposing they heard her not , flew down on the ground , and coming nearer , advised them not to lose their time so foolishly . Whilest she was thus earnestly employ'd , one of the wisest of the Apes , who stood by laughing at the sport , calling to the Bird , bad her not strive to take up Water in a Sieve , and kindly cautioned her to beware , that while she gave good advice to others , she neglected not her own Safety . But the officious Bird was so intent to make them understand her Admonitions , that she minded not another of the Gang , who leaping on her , kill'd and eat her .

'T is impossible to inculcate good Precepts into heedless Fools .

FAB. XV. The Hunter and the Lion.

IN a Forrest , a Hunter who had great dexterity in throwing Darts , was searching about for Game ; of which the Wild Beasts had no sooner notice , but they were all preparing to save themselves by flight , except a valiant Lion , who alone resolved to encounter this bold Adventurer . The Man seeing him approach , at some distance , aimed a Dart at him , and threw it so exactly , that it pierced into the Lions Body , and at that instant calling to him , This , said he , is my first Messenger , whose Errand if you entertain not as you ought , I 'll send more of them , till I come my self . The Wounded Lion feeling the Anguish , fled , and overtaking the other Beasts , I shall venture him no more , said he , for if the Messengers he send be so irresistable , how , when he himself come , shall I be able to withstand him ?

There is no provoking him who is able to hurt at a distance .

FAB. XVI . The Doe and the Fawn .

ON this manner was a Doe discoursing to her Fawn : Nature , my dear Son , said she , has given thee Horns , and now endowed thee with a competent strength of Body ; and yet I know not how , thou art seized with a Cowardly Fear , and runnest from the Dogs , whenever they approach thee . Of which timerousness I would fain , if it were possible , reclaim thee . While the Mother was expecting his answer , they heard a pack of Hounds afar off , making with a full Cry that way . This so alarmed them , that the Mother who had been encouraging her Son to stand his ground , was the first that fled from them .

'T is an easie matter to advise the performance of the most difficult Enterprizes .

FAB. XVII . The Charitable Hedghog .

AESop pleading in defence of a certain Nobleman of Samos , who was accused by the people , and arraigned by them for his Life .

There was , said he , a Fox , who having crossed a River , was climbing up the Bank on the other side , but by chance slipped down into a miry hole , where he stuck fast in the mud for a long time : And when he had tired himself with struggling to get out , he was persecuted by a multitude of Stinging Flyes ; which a Hedghog seeing as he passed by , and taking compassion on him , asked him , if he would not have those vexatious Flyes beat off ? But he refusing the kind offer , was by the Hedghog , in great admiration , demanded his reason for it . Because these Flyes , answered the Fox , being almost filled , a little more of my Blood will satisfie them ; whereas if you drive away these , others will come that are more hungry , and suck all the remainder of my Blood which these leave .

So , continued Aesop , O ye Men of Samos , this Officer now grown wealthy , will not do you much more harm ; but if you put him to death , other hungry Blood-suckers will succeed in his place , who with Griping Arts shall drain this City of its Riches , and leave ye in a worse condition than he is now capable of .

Aristotle gives us this passage of Aesop and the Fable , in his Second Book of Rhetorick : To shew that it is safer to commit the great Offices of the Commonwealth , into the hands of Rich and Wealthy Men , than into such as are Poor . And this reason induced the Emperour Tiberias not easily to change the Governours of his Provinces . Grave est in pejus mutari : It is a grievous thing to be changed for the worse . Sed minima de malis : But the least of Evils is to be chosen .

FAB. XVIII . The Fox and the Wolf.

NEar a Wells brink as a Wolf was passing , he heard a voice calling out for help , and when he looked down , he saw a Fox , who by msifortune had faln into that Well , where he was almost drowned . The Fox entreated him to fetch with all the speed he could , a Rope to pull him up : Which the Wolf promised to do , but staid to ask the manner , How he fell in ? Afterwards , answered the Fox , will be time enough to tell that : First help me out of this Danger , and then I can give you the whole Relation at leisure .

When a Man is in any great Exigency , or Hazard of Life , we ought not to spend time in frivolous Questions , nor stay to upbraid him with imprudence or neglect , but give him the speediest assistance we can .

FAB. XIX . The Country-man and the Serpent .

LOng had a Country-man entertained a Serpent in his House with the scraps from his Table , and had all that time prospered in his affairs : But between these two , there arising on a time some difference , the Man wounded him , and forced him out of his Doors . After which this Man falling into Poverty , thought his misfortunes happened to him for the Injury he had done the Serpent ; therefore entreated him to come back to his House , and pardon his unkindness to him . Ay , said the Serpent , I do pardon you , but will not go back : for I cannot think my self safe , with one who keeps so sharp a Hatchet in his House ; which I should never see , without renewing the Thoughts of my Wound .

Take heed of giving him Credit who has broke the Bonds of Friendship with you , and attempted your Life : Forgive the Injury you should out of pity ; but Prudence requires you to look to your self . The Italians say , A un Mancator di Fede , non haver fede : Perdonar l' ingiuria è cosa di Misericordia , ma haversi cura , è cosa di Prudentia .

FAB. XX. The Tempest .

CErtain Men going to Sea , had not Sailed far from their Port , before they were surprised by a violent Tempest , which in a short time had so miserebly batter'd their Ship , that they were in great danger of sinking to rights , if the Storm should much longer continue its fury : This induced many of the Seamen and Passengers to invoke the Gods of their several Countries , to assist them in that exigency , promising to make considerable Offerings for their Safety ; when on a sudden the Winds ceased , and the Sea became calm . At which happy sight , they fell to Feasting and Revelling , being over-joy'd that they had escaped such imminent Peril , beyond all expectation . But the Prudent Master of the Ship calling to them , My Friends , said he , let us be so moderate in our Rejoycing , as if we foresaw the Tempest were about to rage again as before .

We should not be too much puft up when Things happen to our desire ; but as this Fable advises , we should be mindful of the inconstancy of Fortune .

FAB. XXI . The Trifler .

TO a Forrest went a Poor man to gather Wood for his Fire , where though he saw enough , he thought none of that worth his pains of bringing home , but sought for better ; and gazing thus idly about him , would not fix on any . At last , as he rambled on , he happened to meet a Company of Wolves , from whom running to save himself , he came to a River , but there found neither Bridge nor Boat to cross it ; and perceiving the Wolves at his heels , ready to devour him , he threw himself into the Water , where , before he could get half way over , not being active in Swimming , he was carried away by the force of the Stream , and sank to the bottom : From thence he was quickly taken in some Fishermens Nets , who drew him ashore , and after draining the Water out of his Body , they left him lying under an old Wall , in appearance , more dead than alive : But he had not been there long e're he came to himself , and then when he might have gone home , he staid relating to such as passed by , the Story , at large , of all his Misfortunes , that had in so short a time happened to him . And as this talking Trifler lay thus repeating his Tale , the Wall fell down and buried him in its Ruins .

This shows that one Misfortune or other is always attending Foolish Triflers . It also teaches us that a Man may be miraculously preserved from some great mischiefs , and yet unhappily perish in a moment . Moreover it hints to us the danger of spending our time in idle Talking : For as Euripides says , 〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉 . The End of prating Tongues is Unfortunate .

FAB. XXII . The Eel and the Serpent .

AN Eel and a Serpent discoursing together , the Eel lamented her unhappy condition , that was subject to so many Dangers ; Man , the implacable Enemy of all their Species , having always so many cunning Snares and Stratagems prepared for their Destruction . Whilst thou , added she , being so like me , that we seem Twins , art in Danger of none of this Treachery to be practised upon thee ; but enjoying a long life , dost pass it securely without hazard . 'T is true , replyed the Serpent , nor shouldst thou wonder at it : For whosoever presumes to disturb my rest , and make any bold attempt against me , I let not the Injury go unpunished .

Do not rouze the sleeping Lion. Ultio fructus est irae . Tertul. — Rabido nec perditus ore , Fumantem nasum vivi tentaveris ursi . Martialis .

FAB. XXIII . The Fox and the Grapes .

THE Fox had espyed a high Vine well loaded with plump Grapes , which he coveting to taste , endeavoured with all his industry to leap up to , but when by no Skill he was able to gratifie his longing Appetite , all his Agility proving in vain , he went away seemingly satisfied . Those Grapes , said he , are scarce ripe ; they would but set my Teeth on edge , and Gripe my Body ; I 'll ev'n let them alone .

T is Prudence to obey Necessity , and to abstain cheerfully from what we cannot acquire . Un Huomo prudente deue fingere non voler quelle cose , che non puo conseguire . Ital. And an Ingenious Frenchman said , Il y a une sort de Dissimulation qui ne nuit a personne , mais qui sert en quelque chose au Dissimulateur , ascavoir , lors que nous nions d'avoir eu une Entreprise , apres que nous la voyons inutile . There is , says he , a sort of Dissimulation which injures no man , but yet , in some respect , is of advantage to the Dissembler ; and that is , when we will not acknowledge the undertaking that thing which did not succeed to our expectations . Non cura il savio quel , c'haver non spera . A Wise man troubles not himself , after that which he cannot reasonably hope for .

FAB. XXIV . The Mole rebuked .

WHen a Mole that was a Well-wisher to the Mathematicks , and particularly to Geography , brought amongst an Assembly of Beasts a large Map , wherein , she said , she had made a most accurate Description of all the Provinces and Towns of Greece ; she entreated them to accept that Work , which for the general good of the whole Republick of Beasts , she had undertaken : And Apologizing for her self , added , She hoped they would please to look favourably on it , and pass by what errours might possibly have been committed by her in so great an undertaking , in regard she wanted her Eye-sight , as they were all sensible . To whom the Fox is reported to have said , Since it is so , why had you not still continued at your Digging Trade , which is most proper for you , and then you would have needed no Apology ?

Against bold undertakers of those things wherein they have no Skill . To the same purpose others relate the Fable following . The Woodworms , on a time , coming to visit a sick Fox , showed him certain Herbs and Leaves they had brought , thinking to have used them for his Cure : But he told them , He would not admit of Carpenters for his Physicians .

FAB. XXV . The Lion , the Mouse and the Fox .

IN Summer time , as a Lion lay sleeping in his Den , he felt a Mouse run cross his Neck , at which he rose up startled , and as he was looking angrily about him , he perceived a Fox at the Caves mouth laughing at him : He then walking gravely towards the Fox , I was not , said he , affrighted at the Mouse , but I would have put her out of that Road , and broak off an ill custom .

We ought not to give Liberty to ill customs , for if they once take Root , they may be cause of great inconveniences , and hard to be removed .

FAB. XXVI . The Wolf and the Lamb.

A Lamb in danger to be snapp'd by a Wolf , fled for shelter into a Temple ; to whom the Wolf calling , told him he had taken a wrong Sanctuary , for he would be there detained by the Priests for a Sacrifice . I had much rather , said the Lamb , dye here a Victim to God , than serve for a meal to thy ravenous Jaws .

To him that must necessarily dye , the most Glorious Death is best . And so the Greek , 〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉 .

FAB. XXVII . The Mouse and the Kite .

A Charitable Mouse seeing a Kite taken in the snare of a Fowler , had compassion on him , tho her Enemy , and going to him , gnawed in pieces the strings which held him ; by which she gave the Kite an opportunity to fly away . But no sooner did this ungrateful-Bird see himself at Liberty , but being hungry , he forgot the benefit he had so lately received , snatched up the too kind Mouse , and eat her .

Thus Wicked men are accustomed to reward such as do them good Offices . Perit quod facis ingrato .

FAB. XXVIII . The Boy and the Scorpion .

IN the Fields as a Boy was at play catching Flyes and Grashoppers ; he , wanting Wit to distinguish , was about to lay his hands on a venomous Scorpion , who perceiving his simplicity , and holding up his threatening Tail , Foolish Boy , said he , forbear , and draw back thy hand , if thou wouldst not suffer immediate Death .

A Wise Man knows what he ought to follow , and what to avoid : And the Italians say , Un Astuto conosce quel che dee seguire , & quel che dee fugire .

FAB. XXIX . The Fowler and the Partridge .

A Fowler had taken a Partridge , and being about to kill her , Dear Sir , said she grievously weeping , let me go , I beseech you ! and in requital of the favour , I will bring into your Nets whole Coveys of other Partridges , much fatter and bigger than my self , that you shall have no cause to repent this days work . Now , thou false Bird , said the Fowler , will I certainly kill thee , because thou wouldst thus treacherously betray thy own Acquaintance and Relations .

He that betrays his Friends , is hated of every body .

FAB. XXX . The Bear and the Fox .

WHen in a great concourse of Beasts it was argued , what should be the reason , they should all be so easily brought to slavery and oppression by Man , whose strength was so much inferiour to theirs , and yet they were taken and disposed of at his pleasure ? The Fox told them , It was his opinion that the Wisdom and Reason of Man was so great and admirable , that no strength was capable to resist it . This set the Bear into a rage : Nay , said he , 't is rather our Cowardice that ruines us , and our voluntary Tameness and Submission that gives them the Mastery over us : For , to say nothing of the Horse , whose strength and vigour is sufficiently known , is not the Elephant a most valiant Creature , and yet he is rid by Men , and obeys them , nor does he in any respect refuse their Dominion over him . But if we would resolve to fight it out with them , as we too often do foolishly amongst our selves , and would rather choose to lose our Lives by their cunning Tricks , than basely submit to our Enemies , or let any Commerce be between them and us , we might by these means reasonably think to preserve our Liberty . When the Bear had roared out these words he held his tongue , expecting their Resolution herein ▪ but after a general murmuring , the Assembly broke up and dispersed . Not long after , this very Bear happening into a Toil , was caught , had Rings put into his Nose , and suffered himself to be led about by Men ; He was taught to Dance , and perform the usual tricks done by tame Bears , and all this with a steddy patience , and without grumbling .

This shows that Men change their Manners with their Fortunes . It also teaches that experienced and thinking Men are seldom known to be Hectors : But on the contrary , when those who threaten such great things , fall into Poverty ; none are more humble , nor express more meanness of Spirit than they . And Aeschylus most excellently says , beginning 〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉 , &c. in Latin thus rendred : Vexatus est quicunque Calamitatibus , Is scit Homines omni de Fortunae impetu , Perterritos plura mala semper metuere . Eosdem ubi Sors affluit confidere , Aura secunda usuras res semper suas .

FAB. XXXI . A Country-man and a Bee.

A Country-man happening to be stung by a Bee , which he had beat off from a Flower , How is it possible , cryed he , thou Cruel Bee , that from thee , who affordest us so sweet and pleasant a sustenance , there should come so severe a sting ? The more sweetness answered the Bee , I yield when pleas'd , the more sharpness and severity do I show , when provok'd to anger .

Of how much more generous temper any Man is , so much the less can he suffer an Injury to be done to him .

FAB. XXXII . The Fox and the Carved Head.

THE Fox going into a Statuaries Shop , saw there a Bust , or Head of a Man , very curiously cut , which after he had a while admired for its excellent Workman-ship , Thou art , said he , a beautiful Head , and there was no small Art used to make thee appear with all this advantage ; but alas , the main thing is still wanting , Thou hast no Sense , nor Understanding .

This hints at those who have Riches , Honour and Beauty , but want Wisdom and Knowledge . To many now a days , who make so splendid an outward show , may this aptly enough be applyed with which the Fox upbraids the Bust ▪ They are of a Glorious appearance but want Brains . Non in forma , says Lactantius , sed in Corde sapientia est .

FAB. XXXIII . The Boy and his Bird.

MOst entirely did a Boy love a Bird he had long kept in a Cage , which finding one day its Door , by neglect , left open , flew away . The Boy seeing her make such haste to escape , followed and calling after her , desired her to return to her Cage , and promised her great kindness , which she altogether refusing : He asked her the reason of her obstinate denial , Because , answer'd she , I have a mind to live after my own mode , and not after yours .

Freedom of Life ought to be preferred before all the Delights of the World.

FAB. XXXIV . The Physician that would have excused himself .

VEry unexpectedly did a Physician meet , what they of his Profession strive to avoid , to wit , The Dead Corps of a Patient of his , as his Friends were attending it to the Grave ; dead by this Physicians ill conduct and neglect . The Doctor expecting to be blamed , began to cry out first : Alas , said he , Had this unhappy Man been ruled by me , abstained from Wine , and now and then breathed a Vein , he might have lived yet many a fair day . One of the Friends of the Deceased , stepping towards him , Doctor , said he , You should have given him this advice , and kept him to it , when it might have done him good , for now all your pity comes out of Season .

We should stick close to the assistance of our Friends in time of their Exigency , while there is opportunity of supporting them , and not come with false pretences of Kindness when too late .

FAB. XXXV . The two Men amongst the Apes .

TWo Men , of which one was addicted to Flattery and Lying , but the other very sincere , and whom nothing would corrupt to speak against his Conscience . These travelling the World together , came into a Country of Apes : Of whose arrival so soon as the Prince or Chief of them had advice , he gave order to have them brought before him . They , when come to his Court , were conducted into his Presence by a strong Guard of Apes , Monkeys and Baboons ; where they beheld the Prince sitting on a high-raised Chair of State , after the manner of a Throne , and surrounded with a great attendance of other Apes . At the strangers approach , after divers Questions , he asked them , What the World said of him and his Subjects , and what they thought of his Greatness . The Flatterer speaking first , told him , That the World rang of his Magnificence and Power , but that he found Fame was short in all her relations concerning him : being now sensible he was a mighty Emperour . And when demanded , What he thought of those about him ? He answered , That by their noble appearance , he presumed they were his great Lords , valiant Captains , and prudent Magistrates , sutable Attendants on so potent a Monarch . The Prince of the Apes hearing himself thus highly extolled , generously rewarded him for this gross Flattery . All which being observed by the vertuous man , If this Lyar , said he to himself , who has no bounds to his Tongue , be thus beloved , honoured , and rewarded ; how much more shall I , that in all things love to tell the plain truth ! While he was in this thought , the Chief Ape asked him , And what thinkest thou of me and these about me ? He who was accustomed to speak truth , and ever hated Flattery , Thou , said he , art but an Ape , and so all these about thee are but a company of Apes , Baboons , and Monkeys , nor does the World esteem ye otherwise . The Prince of the Apes hearing this , in a great Passion commanded his Guards to take away this upright vertuous man , and tear him in pieces with their Teeth and Nails , which was immediately put in execution .

On this manner are false men and Flatterers too often rewarded , whilest many a good man shall suffer even for his Truth and Vertue . Por la Malicia de los Hombres el Bueno es mal trattado : y el Lisonjero y Mentiroso es regalado . Sp.

FAB. XXXVI . The Lion in Love.

WIth a very handsom Maid , the Daughter of a Husbandman , was a Lion fallen in Love , and demanded her of her Father for his Wife . The Man with scorn rejected the offer , telling him he might forbear any further Courtship , or troubling him on that subiect , for he would make no Affinity nor Alliance with a Beast . Which surly refusal so much incensed the Lion , that he threatned to devour him . The Husbandman was then glad to change his proposal , letting him know , that he would consent to the Marriage , provided the Lion would suffer the sharp nails of his paws to be pared , and his Teeth to be filed , that his Daughter at her Nuptials might approach him with safety : To which the Generous Lion ( not suspecting the intended Malice ) readily yielded . But this treacherous Country-man seeing his Enemy , thus deprived of the use of his Paws and Teeth , arming himself with his Sword , fought with , and slew the Amorous Lion.

A man should not put himself into the hands of his Enemies , unless he be sure he is able to bring himself out again at his pleasure . Diodorus Siculus tells this Fable , speaking of Antigonus , who on this manner held his Enemies in play till he had raised an Army , and then he conquered them . Prudentis proprium est , examinare consilia , & non cito facili credulitate ad falsa prolabi . Seneca .

L'huomo , che brama col nemico Pace , Non lasci mai quel , che lo rende audace . The Man , that or'e his Foes , would rule as Lord , Must ne're to them , deliver up his Sword.

FAB. XXXVII . The Dog that feared the Rain .

THere was a Dog that whensoever it rained was afraid of going out of doors . Of which another Dog asking him the reason : I was once , answered he , scalded with hot Water , which falling upon me , fetched off not only the Hair , but the Skin also from my Buttocks : This makes me fear even cold Water ever since .

Those who have suffered some great Evils , will retain a dread even at the very appearances of any thing like them . From which the Italian saying differs not much : Chi ha patito Mali Gravi , teme ancora i Leggieri .

FAB. XXXVIII . The Cat and the Cheese .

TO prevent the Mice gnawing his Cheese , a Man put a Cat into his Cupboard , but she not only kill'd the Mice , but also eat up the Poor mans Cheese :

This reproves the Inadvertency of those , who to remedy small mischiefs bring upon their own heads far greater .

FAB. XXXIX . The Jay stript .

WIth great Art had a Jay trick'd up herself in Peacocks Feathers , and growing proud of her new dress , thought scorn to be seen amongst those of her own kind ; she therefore associated herself with the Peacocks : But so soon as they discovered the Cheat , they stripp'd her of all her stoln Bravery , and beat her out of their company .

This points at such prodigal Fools , as scorning those of their own rank , must needs move in a higher Sphere ; intruding themselves amongst their Superiours , where they soon spend their small Fortunes , and afterwards live in shame and misery . It also teaches us , that we ought not to boast of what is not justly ours ; but rather be content in the Estate which is proper for us ; lest striving to adorn our selves with gay Feathers , to which we have no real Title , we be at last stript of our gawdy Plumes with disgrace .

FAB. XL. The Hawk and the Dove .

TO her Masters House for shelter , flew an innocent Dove , to save herself from the swift pursuit of a Hawk ; into which being eagerly followed by her fierce Adversary , he was there taken by the Country-man : To whom when he would have excused himself , begging his pardon , and alledging that having done him no wrong , he hoped he would spare his Life . Nor had this Dove , said the Country-man , offended you , whose Life you would so fain have taken away .

They deserve the severest punishment who go about to injure the innocent , that have never offended them . And very excellently says the Italian Poet.

‛ E la giustitia il vindicar il torto , Che l' innocenza dal' huom empio sente ; Ne ' merita da gli altri haver perdono Chi fa senza ragione ad altri offesa . 'T is Iustice to revenge th' Offence That 's done to injur'd Innocence ; Nor Favour can he think to find , Who , unprovok'd , has been unkind .

FAB. XLI . The Spider and the Gout .

TWO Friends , the Spider and the Gout , travelling together , came to a little Town called Tyche , and there took up their Lodgings . The Spider got into a Noble mans Palace , where so soon as she had spread her Nets , they were immediately pull'd down , which obliged her to remove to another part of the House ; but wheresoever she began to settle , she was presently swept off again . And the Gout , happening into a Poor mans Cottage , was also miserably entertained with a hard Bed , Course Sheets , mean Diet , and even a scarcity of that too . Which Inconveniences , next Morning when the two Fellow Travellers meeting , had well consider'd , they resolved to try their Fortunes another way . So that coming at Night to a City ; the Gout entred into the House of a Rich Magistrate , where she was quickly entertained , with Honourable Attendance , Down Beds , and Soft Couches to lye on , Variety also of the best Meats and choicest Wines ; nor was there any Pleasure she could wish for , which she enjoy'd not . Whilst the Spider in a Poor mans House , weaved all the Gins , Snares and Nets , which she could contrive necessary for the catching her Game ; without any Interruption ; and there she lived in great Quietness and Plenty , free from the fear of Brush or Broom . When they had spent some time in this Felicity ; the two Friends met again , and after mutual Salutations , they enquired of each others good Fortunes , where both extolling their Admirable Success since their last parting ; they made a Resolution that from thenceforward , which way soever they should happen to Travel , the Gout by consent , should turn into the Rich and Noble mens Palaces , and the Spider into the Cottages of Poor men .

This excellent Apologue , taken from Nicholaus Gerbelius , shows that Great Mens Houses , where there is little Exercise , and much Luxury , by continual Eating , and extravagant Drinking , are the chief Receptacles of Diseases ; and that we live with more Quiet and Freedom amongst Persons of meaner estate .

FAB. XLII . The Shipwrack'd Man and the Sea .

TIred , and half Dead with Swimming , came a poor Shipwrack'd Man to Shoar , where he had no sooner laid him down , but he fell asleep ; and at his waking found the Tempest ceased , and the Water calm . This moving his Patience , he began to accuse the Sea of Treachery , that alluring Men with its smooth Looks , tempts them to venture on it , and then swallows them up in its insatiate Waves . But the Sea taking the Shape of a Woman , thus answered him : Be not , Inconsiderate Man , so ready to accuse me , but rather blame the Winds ; for I am naturally what thou seest me now , till they come rushing violently upon me , raise my Billows , and make me commit these Out-rages .

We should not Quarrel with such Persons for doing us Injuries , as but obey the Commands of others ; but we should rather blame those who set them on work to wrong us . It also may serve as a Caution to those who without being compelled by Necessity , expose themselves to the continual Dangers of the Sea . The old Poet Antiphanes very well said , 〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉 . In Terra egenum satius est te vivere , Quam navigare possidentem plurima . 'T is better living safe at home , and poor , Than cross the raging Sea t' increase thy store .

FAB. XLIII . The Hungry Dogs .

CErtain Hungry Dogs seeing a raw Hide just thrown into a River , which they were not able to pull out , resolved together to Drink up the Water , that they might get to it : But before they could effect what they aim'd at , the River receiving a continual supply , they burst themselves and died .

Foolish Enterprizes , for the most part , not only fall short of their desired Effects , but commonly tempt their undertakers to Destruction . Stultitia plerumque exitio est .

FAB. XLIV . The Beasts , the Fowls and the Fishes .

THE Four-footed Beasts , finding themselves necessitated to Declare a War against the Fowls , who on divers occasions had broke the ancient League made betwixt them : They sent and made an Alliance with the Fishes , that they might assist them in this War . But at the time of Battel , when both Armies were in the Field , and the Beasts expected to be joyned by the Fishes , they sent an Excuse , That they could not come to help them fight by Land .

This admonishes us to implore the assistance of him , in time of our Necessity , who is able to give it , namely , In God alone , and not expect it from such as are not in a condition of helping us .

FAB. XLV . The Gourd and the Pine.

AT the foot of a tall Pine , appeared a young Gourd , which suddenly sprouting up very high , by the fall of some late showers , extended its Boughs all about the Pine , with abundance of broad Leaves , gaudy Flowers , and large Fruit. This so much swell'd her with Pride , that she began to stand in Competition with the Pine. Dost thou see , said she , stretching out her self , How nimbly I advance to over-top thee ? I have endured , answered the Pine , many a Cold Blast , and many a Scorching Heat , yet still continue here safe and sound . But thou , Poor Fool , with the first Nipping Frost that comes , shalt lose thy strength , thy Leaves shall fade and come to nothing , and thou be seen no more .

Let no man be too much exalted in time of Prosperity . This Fable is taken from the Second Book of Petrus Crinitus de Honesta Disciplina .

FAB. XLVI . The Fox that changed his Wishes .

THE Cackling Noise of Hens in a Room , invited a Fox to creep through a little Hole to get at them ; in which attempt finding some difficulty , he wished the hole larger , for his more easie access . But having obtained his prey , which with trouble he drew out at the same hole , and hearing the noise of a Dog barking on the inside , as coming to pursue him ; I wish to the Gods , cryed he , the hole were streighter , that the Dogs might not be able to get through , and so may be hindred following me .

Men are often changing their wishes and desires , as their profit or advantage guides them . Seneca says , Non turpe est cum re mutare votum aut Consilium .

FAB. XLVII . The Covetous Man and his Apples .

MAny fair Apple-trees had a Covetous wretch in his Orchard , well hung with excellent Fruit , of which he would allow himself none but the Fallings : Which his Son observing , who was a liberal youth , He , in his Fathers presence , having invited some of his Companions into the Orchard , on purpose to expose his Fathers Avarice ; Pray , said he to them , gather what Fruit you please , but meddle not with any of that which is blown down on the ground , for that my Father reserves for his own eating .

None are more miserable than the Covetous Man , who knows not how to make a fit use of what God and Nature bestows upon him .

Quis Dives ? qui nil cupit . Et quis Pauper ? Avarus .

Ven. Beda . He 's rich who never covets worldly Pelf ; He poor , who has enough yet starves himself .

FAB. XLVIII . The Dog and the Vulture .

A Dog scratching in the Earth to get up the Bones of Dead men , found a Treasure ; and because he had in this offended the Gods Manes , they imprinted in him a violent Passion , or Covetousness after Riches ; that by this Punishment , he might make satisfaction to the Religion he had profaned . For they made him so carefully watch this Gold , that he lost all thoughts of eating ; and by degrees consuming away , pined himself to Death . On whom a Vulture afterwards standing , said thus ; O Dog ! here thou lyest as thou deservest , that born on a Dunghil , and bred up with scraps , couldst on a sudden covet to enjoy the Riches of a King.

This may not improperly be applied to Covetous Men ; and to those , who without regard to their mean Birth and Education , aspire after great Riches and Dignities , not knowing how to use them . Avarus suus sibi Carnifex est : The Covetous Man is his own Hang-man . By the Gods Manes , Phaedrus is supposed to mean , The Souls of the Dead , separated from their Bodies . Hence we see on old Roman Monuments Diis Manibus inscribed . Others conceive them to be the Genii which those Heathen thought did not forsake the Bodies , even when in their Graves . Virgil in his 3. Aeneid . says , Quid miserum Aenea laceras , jam parce Sepulto ; Parce pias scelerare manus .

FAB. XLIX . The Fly and the Ant.

BEtwixt the Fly and the Ant , there once happened this Contest : I , said the Fly , am Noble , thou a Clown ; I raise my self by my Wings , am carried aloft into the Air , and view the spacious Regions of the World ; whilest thou creepest on the ground , and only movest about thine own home . I enjoy my self sporting amongst the best Company ; But thou liest sculking in Holes and Caverns of the Earth : On poor grains of Corn thou feedest , and cold Water is thy most comfortable Liquor . In Palaces I with Princes feast , there quaff the choicest Wines , and there I spend my time in Ease and Pleasure . On the other side , the Ant modestly answered , I boast not of my high birth , but am well satisfied with my extraction : Thou , exposed to danger , rovest about the World ; I in safety keep within my narrow limits . With Water and Corn I please my Appetite , better than thou canst with all thy delicate Food . I live contented with my condition , and provoke none to be my Enemies , but am kindly looked on by all ranks of People , being allowed of them to be the very Pattern of Laborious Industry . Thou as a vexatious Creature livest in continual Fears , for as a common Enemy thou art hated of all . In Summer I remember to lay in a Stock of Provisions against the Winter : The want of which provident Care , makes thy life but of a short date , for at the first approach of ill Weather , thou dyest of Hunger and Cold.

We should modestly live contented with what Providence has bestowed on us , without despising others ; who , tho they seem to move in a lower Orb , enjoy perchance more solid happiness , being content in their Stations , than the greatest Princes , who are continually subject to Cares and Vexations . The Spaniards say , El que vanamente se alaba , su vana alabanca se torna en nada . He who foolishly praises himself , his vain Praise turns to nothing . But very proper is the Latin Adage : Qui quae vult dicit , ea quae non vult audit . He that speaks what he has a mind to , shall hear what he has no mind to . And Seneca says , Non esse in parvis commodis , sed sine magnis incommodis vitam beatam . That a happy Life does not consist in having some small Conveniences , but in being free from great Inconveniences . And the Wise man says , Vade a Formicam , o Piger . &c. Prov. 6.6 .

FAB. L. The Sheep and the Dog.

'T IS Reported that when all Creatures had the use of Speech , the Sheep thus argued with their Master : We admire Sir , said they , that to us from whom you still receive the Benefits of Wool , Lambs and Milk , you should be so unkind to allow nothing but what we can pick up , with trouble , from the Earth ; whereas to the Dog , who affords you nothing of all these advantages , you bestow a Liberal share of Meat from your own Table . When the Dog heard this , looking with indignation upon them , Am not I , said he , your Guardian , who defend and protect you , ungrateful Creatures , that Men steal you not , nor the Wolves tear and destroy you ? For should I neglect my Care of you , you could not go out to feed in your Pastures , but in fear of perishing by your Enemies .

This Fable is related by Xenophon , in his 2 d Book of the Memorable sayings of Socrates , to show that the Sheep cannot feed in safety when the Shepherd is wanting . And that the People are void of Security , and fit for nothing , where they are not Governed and kept in good Order by the Authority of a Prince . It likewise hints at the unthinking and ignorant Rabble , who are often murmuring at the idle Lives of their Governours .

FAB. LI. The two Kinsmen going to Law.

A Dispute arising between two Kinsmen about a summ of Money , which both laid claim to , and neither of them willing to yield to the other , they resolved to decide the matter by Law. So after great Threats on both sides , how much they would spend rather than lose their Rights , they applyed themselves to the Lawyers ; and then the War was soon declared . But e're their Advocates began to plead , one of the Clients considering with himself , called his Adversary aside , and whispering in his Ear , 'T is not at all , said he , for our Credits , that we , who are by Nature so straightly bound to each other , should by Money be divided , and made Enemies . Pray consider that the Event of Law is as uncertain as that of War : 'T is in our power to begin it , but not to bring it to an end . Our whole difference is about a hundred Staters of Gold , and if we proceed on in our Suit , we may spend double the summ before we shall have concluded it , amongst our Advocates , Solicitors and Clerks , also in procuring the assistance of Friends and Witnesses . All these must be waited on , complemented , and fee'd ; Besides we must be continually trotting about with innumerable Cares and Vexations attending us . And then at last , he who shall get the Victory , let him sit down and make the best Reckoning he can , he shall find himself a Loser . Is it not therefore better we should open our Eyes in time , before we put our selves into the Clutches of these Vultures ? And that we should divide the Money that would fall to their shares , who will never thank us for it ? Resolve therefore to quit half your pretensions , and I will do the like ; Thus shall we both be savers , and preserve our Friendship , which otherwise would soon expire , and thus shall we shift off an unspeakable Trouble from us both . Which proposal if you still refuse to accept , I will leave the whole matter to your own Conscience ; use me as you please ; for I had rather my Friend should have my Money , than these unsatiable Harpyes ; and shall gain enough in saving my Credit , keeping my Friend , and avoiding all the Troubles and Vexations dependant on such a Law-suit . The Truth of the thing , together with the Frankness of his Kinsman , so much took with the Adversary ; that they soon put an end to the Difference by themselves ; To the great displeasure of all their Lawyers , who were heartily vex'd to lose so good a Prey .

I wish such men would study to imitate the Prudence of these two Kinsmen , as are ready to go to Law on every frivolous occasion ; since most of our Law-suits bring more Trouble and Charge than Profit , even to the Victors themselves . Better is it therefore for any Man to lose some part of his Iust Right , than for the Expectation of a small advantage , to pull on his own Head such endless Troubles and Vexations .

FAB. LII . The Sick Kite .

THE sick Kite seeing her Mother express great sorrow for the danger she appeared to be in , Suppress dear Mother , said she , your Passion , and rather pray to the Gods on my behalf , that I may be restored to Health . Alas , my Child , said her Mother , How canst thou expect Favour from the Gods ! For which of them is it , whose Altars thou hast not defiled , and impiously snatched from them their Sacrifices ?

God listens to the Zealous Devotion of Good Men , but slights and rejects the Prayers of such as are hardned in their Wickedness , and have contemned him . A French Author says , Qu' il arriue difficilement , que celuy qui n' a fait aucune chose que vivre mal , ait l' advantage de bien mourir . It rarely happens , that he who has always lived an ill course of Life , should make a good End.

O quam falluntur sua qui juvanda Tonanti vota putant ; cum sint pectore nata malo .

FAB. LIII . The Ass and the Boar.

WIth very reviling Language a Boar being provok'd by an Insolent Ass , Thou dull Animal , said the Boar , looking disdainfully on him , thou deservest a severe chastisement for thy ill Tongue ; but I scorn to give it thee ; Therefore Scoff on , since thy Sottishness allows thee this Liberty , and makes thee beneath both my just indignation and revenge .

We should strive when we hear things that displease us , and spoke by contemptible Persons , so to moderate our Passions , as not to make returns in scurrilous Language , because it may be of greater Credit for us to pass them by with Scorn .

Non Mostrar tuo valor con gente vile . Use not thy Valour on an ill-bred Clown .

FAB. LIV. The Wood and the Country-man .

IN those times when Trees could speak , came a Countryman into a Wood , desiring liberty of the Trees to let him make a Handle or Helve amongst them , for a new Instrument he had invented , called a Hatchet ; which the Wood courteously granted . But the Man having compleated his Hatchet , first began to cut with it the Boughs and Shrubs , and then to hew down tall Trees . But when they perceived this Destruction come upon them by their own free leave , they all were troubled . This , said an old Oak to the rest , is but a just punishment fallen upon us , who by our rash and inconsiderate Gift to Man , have pull'd this Mischief on our own selves .

When an Enemy asks a Favour of us , we should consider whither or no the Thing , if granted , may not be used by him to our prejudice .

Non dar favore a chi puo farti oltraggio . Give not to him thou knowst to be thy Foe , Lest by thy Gifts he work thy overthrow .

FAB. LV. The Hart and the Vine .

TO escape the close pursuit of the Hunters , a Hart hid himself under the thick Branches of a spreading Vine , where he lay lurking till the Hunters were passed by ; and so soon as he thought himself secure , he began to eat the Vine Leaves , with which making a rustling noise , it raised in the Hunters a Curiosity of searching what it might be ; imagining it some Wild Beast hid under those Leaves ; and hasting back to the place , they discovered the trembling Hart , whom they with their Spears kill'd : But as he was dying , I most justly , cryed he , suffer this Death , that so ungratefully abused and tore my kind Preserver .

Those who against all sense of gratitude injure their Benefactors , and violate the Rules of Hospitality , deserve no pity when they suffer a due Punishment of their Crimes . Plerosque homines esse videmus , says St. Iohn . Damascene , qui postquam beneficiis affecti fuerint , eos a quibus ea acceperint , perinde ac Mancipia contemnant , superciliaque adversus eos attollunt . We see most men of that temper , that after they have had favours conferred on them , look upon their Benefactors as Slaves , and behave themselves scornfully toward them .

Divina ingratos homines ulciscitur ira .

FAB. LVI . The Worm and the Fox .

A Contemptible Worm that pretended to Physick , appearing out of the Earth in a great Assembly of other Creatures , boasted on this manner ; I , Noble Auditors , by my long Study and Search into the Secrets of Nature , and by the great knowledge I have acquired in my Travels into the Subterranean Parts of the World , as well as here above , do understand the true Vertues of Minerals , Roots and Stones ; as also of all Herbs , Plants and Flowers , so that I am able by my Catholick Medicine , which I prepare according to Art , to Cure all Diseases , Maims , and Imperfections whatsoever . In a word , I may without Vanity say I should be sorry to be thought of less Skill than the Famed Aesculapius himself . Whosoever therefore would reap the benefit of my Labours , let him make hast hither , before I leave this place , to make some other Country happy by my Practice therein . To the boasting Harangue of this Vain-glorious Quack-salver , the Fox with great attention listened , and it being finished , he looking on him with contempt , made this Answer : Which way , said he , thou Ignorant Emperick , wilt thou be able to do these Wonders to others , who art thy self both Blind and Lame , and canst supply neither one nor other of these thy own Defects ?

This aims at the impudent Boasts of many Pretenders to Physick ; and shows that what cannot be proved by good Experience , ought to be but of very little Credit . And thus our pretending Chymists will undertake to make Gold by the Philosophers Stone , whilst they at the same time are clad in Rags , and perish with Hunger .

FAB. LVII . The Wolves and the Sheep .

AFter a long War between the Wolves and Sheep , they made a Solemn Truce for a Term of years , and gave Hostages on both sides for the keeping it inviolable . The Wolves sent their Young ones on their parts , and the Sheep , in exchange , delivered into their Custody their Dogs , who were to remain with them till the Expiration of the Truce . But the young Wolves being separated from their Damms , began to howl and cry , which the old Wolves hearing , took thereupon an occasion most perfidiously to break the Truce , yet pretending the Sheep were the Aggressors by their ill usage of the Hostages in their hands , and then falling on the innocent Sheep , committed all manner of Hostilities and Depredations amongst them . For they , in this Distress , wanting the Dogs , who had ever been their faithful Guards to defend their several Flocks , were in a short time all miserably destroyed by the Wolves , their inveterate Enemies .

It is a madness in any men to deliver up their Guards as Hostages , or to put their Castles , and Cittadels , into the hands of their Enemies , who no doubt would never cease spoiling them , when they should see them thus deprived of all manner of Safe-guard .

FAB. LVIII . The Wolf , the Fox and the Apes .

A Wolf almost famished after a three days fasting , met in his progress up and down the Woods a Fox , whom seeing so fat and sleek , he admired , asking him how in such terrible weather , being the depth of Winter , he could find such plenty of Food to keep him in so good plight . The Fox pointing towards an Apes Cave , Thither , said he , am I often invited , and there always welcom , when I fail of good success in my hunting for Prey . And saying this , he offered the Wolf some Fragments of his Meat brought from thence , which the Wolf soon devoured ; but they only serving to whet his Appetite , in order to a better Meal , he begged the Fox of all Loves , to tell him by what means he might insinuate himself into the favour of this Ape ? That , answered the Fox , requires no great Art to do , if you can but frame your self to Lying . He thinking this no difficult matter , ran eagerly to the Den , where he was no sooner entred , but his Nose being Saluted with a very unsavory smell . O insufferable , cryed he , What a stinking place is this ? And looking forward , he saw the Old Ape fondly hugging her deformed Young. Here forgetting the Crafty Foxes advise , Well , said he aloud , in all my life time did I never behold such ugly Creatures as these . And as he was going nearer to them , they all at the same moment leaping violently on him , with great fury tore him ; one hanging on his Nose , another on his Neck , the rest on all sides Persecuting him , that the wretched Wolf with much difficulty got clear of them , and escaped with Life . At his return he found the Fox , to whom he gave a full account of his reception . I do not wonder at it , said the Fox , because you speak truth at your very going in , when I so straightly charged you to lye . Do you not think I have the Senses of Smelling and Seeing , as well as your self ? And yet I told her at my first visit , that I was infinitely pleased with that comfortable Odour , and sate me down , as if in some room made sweet with delightful Perfumes . Then called her Beautiful Lady , Mother of a lovely and hopeful Off-spring . Besides , I was careful all Supper-time , not unwarily to let slip from my mouth any imprudent Truth . Which method had you been as careful to have observed , you would not have been so ready to perish for Hunger as you are at this moment .

The Ape in this Fable does naturally enough express such as are Lovers of Flattery ; but methinks more particularly two sorts of men , both of them much addicted to Vain-glory , and delighted in hearing their own praise , yet otherwise persons of great Desert , these are men of Learning , and men of Arms ; to many of whom , as my Author observes , nothing is more uneasie and unpleasant than to hear the Truth freely spoke of them .

E di giudicio assai manca e fallisce Chi suol fede prestare a finta loda . Ital. He must want Sense , and Eyes to see , Who Credit gives to Flattery .

FAB. LIX . The Sow and the Wolf.

WHilst a Sow was in the Pangs of her Travail , she was thus civilly accosted by a Wolf ; You may securely , Dear Sister , said she , bring forth your young , for I , out of the due respect I owe you , will be your Guardian in this time of Necessity , and take care both of your self and young ones . The Sow told her she had no need of her officious assistance : But if , added she , you will show your Civility to me , I entreat you in Modesty to withdraw , for the greatest service you can do me is to be gone , since I have ever esteemed the Wolf's friendship to be best at a distance .

We ought not to accept every plausible offer of kindness , for many are ready to Complement us with their officious services , not for our Profit but their own . Fictae amicitiae non est fidendum .

FAB. LX. The Thief and the Dog.

BY the barking of a Dog , was a Thief disturbed in his work , as he was breaking into a House , he therefore to quiet him , offered him a Piece of Bread : Ah Treacherous Thief ! said the Dog , wouldst thou bribe me with that , to make me cease my barking ? No , I 'll not betray my Master , shouldst thou now feast me here to night : For all thy bounty to me , is but to stop my Mouth till thou robst our House , and then where shall I dine to morrow ? And who shall relieve me hereafter when I shall be starving for Hunger ?

This gives us a Caution , that for a small profit , we lose not a considerable benefit : And to beware of giving credit to every one that speaks us fair , for many such there are , who at the same time are only designing to cheat us . Non Facta , sed Consilia spectanda , We are not only to consider mens Actions , but their Drifts . To which also alludes that saying of the Civilians .

Tolle voluntatem nec erit Discrimen in actu . Which Sentence is explained in Plato 's Banquet , but more at large in A. Gellius . Lib. 17. Cap. 20.

FAB. LXI . The Frogs desiring a King.

WHether under an Anarchy or Democracy , I will not positively affirm , The Frogs in a great Lake grown wanton , resolved unanimously to Petition Iupiter to give them a King to Rule over them : Which request seeming ridiculous , he at first hearkened not to it , but they not discouraged , persisted in their Devotions , still begging a King. Till Iupiter tired with their importunity , cast down amongst them a Beam of an extraordinary bigness ; the fall whereof into the Lake , struch such a terror amongst the Frogs , as caused them to make their first approaches with Fear and Trembling ; but seeing him continue mild and peaceable , they made , with more assurance , their next Addresses towards him , paying him all due Honour , at a less distance . At last , when they found it to be only a Log , they threw aside all manner of respect , leaped upon it , and made their King their sport and scorn . This caused the Frogs to renew their Prayers to Iupiter , to send them a Valiant and Active King : He to answer their desire , gave them a Stork , who with great Majesty walking about the Lake , soon curbed the unquiet Spirits of those his unsatisfied Subjects ; which obliged them privately to complain to Mercury , beseeching him to implore on their behalves , the favour of Iupiter , in this their distress , but he would not hearken to them . Under this Tyranny therefore have they ever since groaned , for Iupiter would never grant them any redress , which constrains them to keep up in their holes all day , seldom stirring out till evening , that the Stork takes Wing to fly to his Nest , and then they appear abroad with hoarse Voices , renewing their old Complaint 〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉 , but to no purpose , for Iupiter has resolved , that they who cannot be content with a Merciful King , shall suffer by a severe one .

When the Athenian Commonwealth had long flourished , under a Democratique Government , by the Laws of the Wise Solon , the People on pretence of Liberty , threw off their old Bonds ; Then being divided into Parties and Factions , Pisistratus the Tyrant set up himself by his cunning Arts ; for so soon as he had made himself Master of the Cittadel , he held the Government for the space of three and thirty years . Of whose Tyranny when the Athenians complained , Aesop spake this Fable to them . Which also shows , that the Common People are in their Humours like these Frogs , for when they have a Mild and Gracious King , they are murmuring against him , as too easie and remiss in his Affairs : And the Vigorous and Active Prince , they esteem a Tyrant . The true reason of which is , because they are soon weary of things present , and still restless till they see those which are new . 〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉 . Res violenta Turba est non habet autem Mentem . A Multitude is an unruly thing , without all manner Prudence and Foresight .

FAB. LXII . The Thief and the Sun.

THE Neighbours of a certain Thief were about to recommend a Wife to him , but Aesop observing their intention to gratifie so ill a Man , disswaded them by this Example : On a time , said he , the Sun falling in Love with a Beautiful Woman , had a mind to Marry her ; at which the several Nations of the World finding themselves aggrieved , resolved to prevent it , and to that end sent Ambassadours to Iupiter , beseeching him he would not suffer the Sun to Marry , for as they alledged , it would be to their great detriment . Iupiter in a passion asked them , Wherein this Match could result to their inconvenience ? To whom one of them , with humble submission , answered , We have now , Great Sir , but one Sun , and he alone , in Summer time , heats and scorches us to such a degree , that we are almost burnt with his Fiery Rays ; what then would become of us , should he have Children like himself ?

Ill men ought not to be encouraged , but rather expell'd from the Society of the Good. Multi sunt ita amentes ut malis propriis gaudeant .

FAB. LXIII . The Gamester and the Swallow .

THere was a dissolute Young man so great a Lover of Gaming , that he had consumed all his Patrimony , his ready Coin , and his Goods , at Play , leaving himself nothing but a thred-bare Suit , and an upper Garment , to defend him from the Cold. This Man seeing on a time a Swallow , that was come much earlier than ordinarily they do , the Winter not being quite past ; and having no other Moveables left to venture at play ; Well , said he , since I see the Summer come , I 'll sell this superfluous Garment for Tools to work with , which he did , and quickly play'd off the Money . But the Cold Weather afterwards returning , this miserable Gamester , when almost starved to death , seeing the same Swallow , who was likewise ready to perish with the Cold ; Curse on thee , said he , thou Mischievous Bird , whose unseasonable coming has ruined both thy self and me .

Things done out of their proper time , are not of long continuance . Alceator , quanto in arte est melior , tanto est nequior .

Tho' of his Trade a Gamester best may be , Amongst Good Men the worse esteem'd is he .

Maturo consilio ac deliberatione qualibet in re opus est , nihilque temerario animi motu attentandum .

FAB. LXIV . The Pigeons and the Hawk .

BEing tormented by the frequent Assaults of a Kite , upon their Young ones , the Innocent Pigeons chose a Hawk for their King , but he exercised his Regal Authority over them more like a fierce Enemy , than a Father of his Subjects . For under pretence of punishing some of them for their faults , he most cruelly devoured both old and young , that they soon repented them of their Election . And complaining amongst themselves , Alas , said they , It had been better for us to have endured the slight vexations of the Kite , than to have pulled this inevitable Destruction on us all .

No man should be so displeased with his Condition , as striving to mend it , he should indanger the making it worse . The Emperour Justinian says , Licet Lex imperii juris solemnibus Imperatorem solverit , nihil tamen tam proprium imperii est , quam Legibus vivere : quapropter Tyrannorum contra Tyrannos solicitanda non sunt auxilia . Lib. 6. C. tit de testam .

FAB. LXV . The Cuccow and the Small Birds .

A Cuccow asked the small Birds why they made such haste from her , sheltring themselves in Hedges and Bushes whenever she appear'd ? Because , answered they , you are so like the Hawk , our Mortal Enemy , whose sight we always dread : For by your Shape , you must needs be of that Species , and therefore we cannot but have a suspicion of receiving Mischief by you .

Plutarch tells us this Fable speaking of Licias , the Tyrant of Megalopolis . And advises to beware of those who are descended from a Bloody Family , and whose actions give us a suspicion that they would be exercising Cruelty over others .

FAB. LXVI . The Fox and the Dragon .

A Fox digging in the Earth , to make his several Appartments and Salleys , pierced one of his Holes so deep , that he came to the Den of a Dragon , the Guardian of a hidden Treasure there , whom so soon as the Fox saw , Sir , said he to him , I beseech you , in the first place , pardon my Inadvertency and Rudeness , and then , if you can but conceive what small occasion I have for Money in the course of my life , I beg you would not take it ill if I ask what profit you may reap of all this Trouble ? and what great reward can tempt you thus to deprive your self of sleep , and to pass all your days here in the horrour of Night and Darkness ? Alas , I have none at all , answered the Dragon : But Iupiter , the greatest of the Gods , has given me this in charge . Do you then , demanded the Fox , make use of none of this Treasure ? nor dispose of any part of it to your Friends ? No , replyed the Dragon , for so it has pleased the Destinies to order it . Then give me leave to tell you , proceeded the Fox , and pray be not angry with me ; He that is of your temper , and under your Circumstances , was born , no doubt , with the Curse of the Gods on his Head.

Since thou must go in a little space of time thither , where so many are already gone before thee , Why , through a strange blindness of Spirit , art thou so industrious continually here , to disquiet and torment thy self ? 'T is to thee , O Covetous Man , I direct my Discourse ; To thee , I say , who art the Ioy of thy Heirs and Relations , who grudgest the Gods their Incense , and thy self thy proper Nourishment . Who art sad and Melancholly when thou hearest the sweet sound of the Viol , and grieved at the Harmony which other Musical Instruments bring thee . From whose very Heart the charge of Necessary Food fetches troubled Sighs and Groans . Who , to augment thy Wealth penny by penny , dost daily provoke Heaven to thy Destruction , by thy Thefts , Cheats , and impudent Perjuries . And who takest a provident Care to reduce into a small Compass the Expence of thy Burial , lest Libitina , Goddess of Funerals , should get any thing by thee .

FAB. LXVII . A Sheep and its Shepherd .

WIthout noise or murmuring did an innocent Sheep suffer herself to be dragged away by a Wolf , from whom , by great fortune , she after a while escaped : But being another time seized by the Dog , she cried out so loud , that the Shepherd hearing , ran in haste and rescued her from him . Of which clamour the Shepherd asking the reason , she having endured the Wolves outrage to her with all that patience ? I was more troubled , answered she , to be seized by the Dog than by the Wolf ; for the Wolf is naturally our Enemy , but the Dog is the pretended Guard both of your Flocks and House , and for that reason I took it so ill of him .

This shows how hainous the Injuries are , which we receive from the hands of those , from whom we expect Friendship and Protection .

FAB. LXVIII . The Lioness and the Fox .

A Lioness being upbraided by a She-Fox , that she was not Fruitful , bringing forth but one young at a time ; answered , 'T is true , but what I am then delivered of , is a Lion.

Excellence consists not in Quantity , but Quality .

FAB. LXIX . The Old Man and Death .

GRoaning under the weight of a heavy burden of Wood , which he was bringing home from the Forrest , came a poor Ancient Man , whose strength and spirits being almost spent with the tediousness of the Journey , and greatness of his load , he threw it down in the middle of his way ; and sitting on the ground , in the very anguish of his Soul , he called often on Death to come to him ; when behold Death in an affrightful shape appeared , asking what he would have , that he called so earnestly on him ? The good man trembling with fear , thought fit , at that time , to dissemble the matter ; I only wished , answered he , for your coming to help me up with my heavy Faggot .

Many dare wish for Death , and seem to contemn it , who are yet affrighted when 't is represented to them in imminent Dangers . Plerique inter mortis metum , says Seneca , & vitae tormenta miseri fluctuant , & vivere nolunt , & mori nesciunt . Many wretched Men struggle between the Fear of Death and the Torments of an unhappy Life ; they are unwilling to live , yet know not how to dye . Benche stia vn' Huomo in gran pericolo , say the Italians , non mai vorria morire . Tho a Man happen to be in great affliction , yet will he not be content to dye . Melior est canis vivus , Leone mortuo .

FAB. LXX . The Ass , the Ox , the Mule , and the Camel.

FOur slavish Beasts , an Ass , an Ox , a Mule , and a Camel ; all under the same Circumstances of Misery , were making their Complaints one to another of the hard fortune , to which they , above all other Creatures , were subject in this World , being compelled almost to a continual Slavery . But afterwards they comforted themselves as well as they could , with what they hoped would come to pass : And to this purpose , the Grave Ass , having a while conferr'd with the Mule , exprest himself ; it being supposed therefore to be the sentiment of them both : After all these Labours , my Friends , said he , I doubt not but to see the day , when I shall have this Pack-saddle thrown off my back , and shall end my life in ease and pleasure ; thus from a Porter I shall become a Gentleman . The Camel and the Ox having considered the Gifts , Nature had bestowed on them , and how well they had deserved of their Master : Surely , said they , we shall no longer be made to drudge as we have been ; for we have sufficiently purchased by our past Labours and Sweat , all the Meat wherewith we shall be sustained to the end of our Lives , so that we may well hope to pass the rest of our days in Plenty and Felicity .

Let none admire too much at this Ass and his three Comrades , for they have many Brethren amongst us Men , so great Lovers of Idleness , that forgetting they were born to an industrious Labour , can have no thought but how they may avoid all manner of Trouble , and spend the remainder of their Days in Sloath and Luxury . The meeting together of these four dull Animals in my Fable , brings to my memory the old Adage , Similes cum similibus facillime permisceri , atque eosdem nullo negotio convenire . But I must put all those of their Lazy Inclinations , in mind of the saying of a Wise man , 〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉 . Laborare necesse est eos , qui volunt esse felices .

He who ever hopes to thrive , Must by industrious Labour live .

FAB. LXXI . Prometheus and Epimetheus , Peopling the World.

WHen the Gods had given directions to the Sons of Iapetus , for their making Men of Clay , to People the Earth , 't is reported that Prometheus applyed himself to his Business , with great Care and Circumspection , diligently considering every thing he did , till he had perfectly compleated the Frame of Man ; in which important work he proceeding thus slowly , his number of Men was but small . Whilst Epimetheus made quicker dispatch , huddling up a great multitude in a short time , for he used neither study nor care in his Works , whereas in those few which the diligent Prometheus formed , no industry was wanting , nor any prudent fore-thought for the contriving all things , as I may say , with proper Symmetry , and in a perfect Harmony . Of which Men thus finished by him , are all those admirable Heroes , so highly celebrated by Antiquity for their Wisdom and Virtue . But of those numbers which came out of Epimetheus's Work-house , the most part were Lame , Weak and Defective , in some or other of their Faculties . They wanted Prudence , Constancy , Moderation , Justice , and even Humanity too . And as Children do very often retain some of their Parents Infirmities , so may you observe in these , a Precipitation in all their Actions , and a Hurrying of their Words , without consideration of what they do or say , and then perchance they grow sensible of their Errour , and strive to correct themselves . Which are Periphrasis's of Epimetheus's Name .

This Fable shows that the greatest part of Men are Foolish , Wicked , and Inconsiderate . It also verifies the old saying , Omnia esse preclara rara , that all Excellent Things are scarce .

FAB. LXXII . The two Cocks .

FOR the Soveraignty over the Hens of a Village , two Cocks fought briskly together , till one of them finding himself not able longer to resist the Power of his Enemy , ran away and hid himself , whilst the Conquerour flew upon the top of a House , to proclaim his Victory over all his Dominions . But an Eagle by chance hovering thereabouts in the Air , and perceiving so fair a Mark , stooping suddenly down , seized him in her Tallons , and carried him away . The vanquished Cock thrusting accidentally his Head out of his Hole , was a Spectator of his Adversaries Catastrophe , at which he heartily rejoycing , came forth among the Hens , and had the sole enjoyment of them without Rival .

Let no man be too Arrogant after he has had good Success in his Affairs , because there is nothing certain in this World , and we often see Men high and prosperous one day , and the next thrown down into the lowest Pitch of Misery .

FAB. LXXIII . The Bees and Jupiter .

THe Bees presented to Iupiter a Vessel of Honey , with which he was so well pleased , that he bad them ask him what they would , and it should be granted them . Most mighty Iove ! said the Bees , we humbly beseech you to grant us that power against our Enemies , that when men shall attempt to rob our Hives of the Honey , we gather with so much pains and industry , that if we wound them with our Stings , they may dye without remedy . Iupiter hearing this unreasonable request , and having a greater love for Mankind than for the Bees , No , answered he , very angrily , but if when Men come to your Hives , you shall dare to sting them , you your selves shall presently dye ; for losing your stings , that shall also prove the loss of your Lives .

We often find , that the Mischief we wish to our Enemies , falls on our own Heads . This Fable also shews , that the Gods are not pleased with too unreasonable punishments afflicted on Men , according to that Sentence of Herodotus , in his Melpomene . 〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉 . Quod scilicet nimis vehementes animadversiones a Dijs odiosae sunt . And another Author says excellently , Injuria sanctiss . pientissimique fit Numinis Majestati , Sceleratis precibus ; easque in maliciose Precantibus capita retorquet .

FAB. LXXIV . The Oak and the Reed .

THere happened once a dispute between the Oak and the Reed , of their Honour , Firmness and Constancy ; in which many unbecoming Speeches passed on both sides , till the Oak growing angry ; Thou Despicable Weed ! said he , Thou poor Upstart ! that hast the Confidence to Word it with me , who with a strong unshaken Body , for many years , have stood here firmly planted , with my Root deep in the ground , whilst thou sprouting out of the Mud , there stickest with thy feeble Body , obliged to bow with every blast of Wind , nay , with every breath of Air ; and then for all this presumption , thy haughty Head is made to stoop and kiss the Dirt. The proud Oak boasting on this manner , put to silence the Modest Reed , who had no mind to prosecute this imprudent Quarrel , but waited a fitter opportunity to upbraid him . When straight a violent Storm arose , making great Destruction wherever it came , which the sturdy Oak bravely resisted a great while , but was at last forced to give way , and was torn up by the Roots ; while the humble Reed by its submissive yielding endured the whole fury of the Storm . And afterwards would often laugh at the great Insolence of his Presumptuous Adversary .

Wise and Vertuous men should establish such an equality in their Souls , as not to suffer themselves to be torn up by any Storm of Adversity , when by a small yielding they may be able to endure the shock . Nor should they be carryed above their due Limits of Modesty and Sobriety , when their Affairs succeed to their Desires . But by the Allegory of our Fable , we are advised to bow and yield every way to what we cannot certainly oppose . When Phocion councelled the Athenians not to resist Alexander , but give place , for the present , to the violent Torrent of his Conquests , he could not justly be blamed for want of Valour or Manly Resolution . For how could he be taxed with Cowardice , who suffered Death with so much slight and scorn of it ? He therefore that would live safe , must thus bend and suit himself to the occasion , like the Reed , by which he shall continue his Root firm and durable , when the Storms shall blow ; whilst the proud stubborn Oak that refuses to be plyant , shall be torn up , and his place no longer known . Let the Examples of this Tree and this Reed teach us not to oppose an over-powerful Enemy , but to avoid with all our Art his several Attacks , by which we may continue firmly rooted in our several stations . Potentiori non reluctari expedit . Faern .

FAB. LXXV . The Lamb and the Wolf.

A Lamb looking out of his Window , and seeing a Wolf pass by , called him Cruel , and Murderous Beast , and gave him other reproachful Language . Ah poor Wretch ! said the Wolf to him , I am not offended at thy Abuses ; nor is it thou , but that secure place wherein thou art , that injures me .

Time and Place do often give very inconsiderable Persons courage to insult over their Superiours . Fortes & Magnanimi sunt habendi , says Cicero , Non qui faciunt , sed qui propulsant injuriam . They are to be esteemed truly Valiant and Magnanimous Men , not who do an injury , but who pass it by .

FAB. LXXVI . The Ape and the Fox .

SOme discontented Beasts , in a great Assembly , consulting together to make them a King in opposition to the Lion , preferr'd the Ape to that Dignity , because of his admirable Activity in Dancing . But the malicious Fox , envious of the Honour was done the Ape , and having seen a piece of flesh in a Toil , Sir , said he to him , Be pleased to go with me to a certain place , and I 'll show you a Treasure , for to you , being our King , justly all Treasure-troves belong : Then carried him to the Net , where he immediately intangled himself , whilst the Fox standing at a convenient distance , was safe , and in scorn , laughing at him : O thou fool ! said he , Because Fortune favoured thee , and Fools flattered thee , thou hadst thought thy self fit to have the rule over all other Beasts , but thou seest how thou art mistaken , that wantest Sense to govern thy own self .

Many Men rashly undertaking great Things , run themselves into Misfortunes , for which they are despised , and perhaps ruined . But some think this Fable was designed by Aesop , to expose the Folly of the Vulgar , who many times in their Elections , will have a greater regard to one man for his Graceful Personage , than to another for the most excellent Endowments of his Soul.

FAB. LXXVII . The Grashopper and the Owl .

ALmost all Day had a Grashopper with his chattering noise disturbed a sleepy Owl , whose Nature is to search abroad by Night for her Meat , and sleep from Day-break till Twilight , in some hollow Tree . The Owl civilly entreated him to forbear his singing , or remove farther off , but he regarded her not . She then desired him a second time , not to give her that disturbance ; But he still continuing cross , rather made the louder noise . When the Owl saw no Arguments could prevail , and that he slighted all she could say , she used this Stratagem to revenge herself on that vexatious Insect . Since you will not let me sleep , said she , with your Pleasant Tunes , which methinks are so melodious , they resemble those which Apollo plays , when he charms the Gods with his Harp ; I have a mind to indulge my self with some of that Nectar my Mistress Pallas lately bestowed on me . If you care to taste it , come hither and we 'll remember her good Health together in it . The Grashopper who had sang himself drie , and heard his sweet voice so much commended , hopped briskly towards the Tree ; but when the Owl saw him so near , slipping out of her hole , she flew upon the affrighted Creature , and kill'd it . Thus he by his Death gave her the silence , which in his life time , he so scornfully refused her .

They who are not courteous towards others , receive sometimes a just reward of their ill temper . Humanitas , & gratior , & tutior .

FAB. LXXVIII . The Fisher that played on his Pipe.

A Fisher not very expert in his Trade , that had observed many great Shouls of Fish in the Sea , taking his Net and a Pipe , he went to the Sea-side , where sitting on a Rock , he played upon his Pipe with his utmost Skill , expecting by his Musick to have allured the Fishes out to him . But finding that did him no good , he laid aside his Pipe and threw in his Nets , in which as he drew them to the shoar , he perceived a great number of fishes leaping . You may leave off your capering , said he , ye perverse fishes , for when I Piped to you before , and would have had you Dance , you then refused , and now I have done , you begin your Jig .

Those things are best done , and are most acceptable , which are timed in their proper Season . This Fable was made use of by Cyrus ( as in the first Book of Herodotus ) when he pardoned and took into his protection the Aeolians and Ionians , whom he had formerly sollicited against Croesus in vain , and they came afterwards of their own accord , submitting themselves to him , under those Laws by which they had before been governed .

FAB. LXXIX . The Cuckow and the Nightingale .

WIth great Arrogance was a Nightingale scorned and derided as an ill Singer , by a Cuckow , who had the confidence to vye with her for the Mastery , appealing for Judgment in the Case to an Ass , who happened to be present , and readily offered himself to decide the Difference . So soon then as the Challenge was accepted , the Cuckow first began , and long continued his repeated Note : But the Nightingale , not doubting of the Victory , only gave a short Specimen of her Voice and Skill , wherein she shewed a most admirable and delightful variety ; and then they both waited the Asses Determination , who quickly gave his Suffrage in favour of the Cuckow , she having sung longest and loudest .

Such admirable Iudgments may we too often see , where the worst things please , and the best are rejected . And thus are many Ignorant and Unworthy men for their confidence and noise advanced to places of Profit and Honour , whilst those of far greater Virtue and Merit , are for their Modesty , slighted and perish unregarded .

FAB. LXXX . Death and an Old Man .

DEath coming to kill an Old Man , was desired by him to forbear a while , till he had made his Will ; but Death angrily told him , He would give him no longer time , since he had been so often forewarned to prepare himself for this stroak . The Old Man protested he had never seen him before , and that he had not given him any notice of it . When I kill'd , said Death , your Companions , nay so many Young Persons , and Children , and that you felt your strength and vigour fail you , then was your Summons , then should you have fixed your Thoughts on me , and then made a fit Preparation of all things , and kept them so in order till my coming .

This advises us always to be prepared for Death , since we know not the Day nor the Hour when he will come .

FAB. LXXXI . The League between the Wolves and Sheep .

THE Wolves on pretence of settling a Peace with the Sheep had a Conference with them , wherein they urged this cunning Discourse to them . That both You and We , said they , may for the future make our Lives Happy , we come to propose a means of living peaceably and amicably together , without any of our accustomed Fears and Jealousies one of another . To this end let us make a solemn League betwixt us , which that it may be kept firm , and by no private Injuries violated , it will be necessary that you take off , or banish from amongst you , those Wicked Dogs , the Incendiaries that are always troubling our Peace , and embroiling us in Mischief . For they create in you a Jealousie of us , that we cannot walk civilly by your Folds , but they are sallying out to molest us , by which rough usage they provoke us , when , alas , we never intended it , to give you disturbance , meerly out of revenge to their affronts : So that we would fain know what need you have of these Pernicious Creatures , the sole cause of all our Misunderstandings . By this plausible Harangue the poor Sheep , full of Simplicity , being easily deluded , put away in all haste their Dogs , with great Disgrace , from amongst them , admitting the Wolves in their stead , and then being destitute of all Succour , they were soon miserably devoured by their merciless Adversaries .

This cautions us not to give credit to the deluding words of our Enemies , nor to yield up our Guards into their Hands . For Alexander proposing to make Peace with the Athenians , on condition they should deliver to him Eight of their principal Citizens ; of which number Demosthenes was to be one . Demosthenes spake this Fable , meaning by the Wolves , Alexander ; by the Dogs , those Persons who managed the Affairs of the Commonwealth ; and by the Sheep , the People of Athens .

FAB. LXXXII . The Covetous Man and his Money .

AS a very Rich , but Covetous Man , lay at the point of Death , he ordered all his Money-Bags to be brought before him , and made this Discourse to them : O my Ungrateful Money ! said he , with what intollerable pains have I scraped you up together , and yet you have never given me any Pleasure , but rather a continual Vexation , Fear , and Melancholly . What can you do for me now at this last Exigency ? Can you prolong my days beyond their appointed date ? Or can you purchase me a good Conscience when I shall appear in the other World , to render an account of all the Actions of my Life ? No , answered the Money , we are able to do you no good in these respects , but we can give you the satisfaction to assure you , that your Heir shall soon consume us all , in Whoring , Drinking and Gaming ; and that for our sake , your Soul shall go to the place of Everlasting Torment .

We ought not to take such pains in gathering Riches here on Earth , which can be of no advantage to us when we dye , and shall perhaps be soon spent by our Heirs in Rioting and Debauchery . Non dobbiamo far Tesoro qui in terra , doue non e la nostra patria , ma nel Cielo , doue eternalmente goderemo .

〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉 Theog . A Rich Man cannot , with all his Money , stave off Death , neither any grievous Sickness , nor Old Age when it comes upon him .

FAB. LXXXIII . The Parrot .

WHen a Parrot , that had been brought from the Indies into a Country where they never use to breed , was asked by some other Birds , why she was in greater esteem here , than at home ; for here , added they , you have a stately Cage or House , made of Ebony , adorned with Ivory and Silver , and are daily fed carefully with the choicest Meats , and made much of by all sorts of People . You need not wonder at it , answered the Parrot , for few have the Honour in their own Country which is justly due to them .

Learned and Excellent Men , have seldom the Credit and Esteem in their own Countries , which they have in another .

FAB. LXXXIV . The Stag , and a Wounded Grey-hound .

A Stag that bore chiefest sway in a large Forrest , had the pleasure , without incurring any danger , to see a brace of Grey-hounds course a Hare over a spacious Field ; where one of the Dogs leaping eagerly through certain brambles broke his Leg. Now this Stag being of a generous Spirit , seeing the Hare safe , ( for the other Grey-hound wanting assistance had quitted her ) came out of his stand , or sheltring place , and made it a scruple of Conscience to suffer a Creature to perish , that had shown so much briskness in the Chase ; out of meer compassion therefore , he offered to carry this Cripple to the next Village . The Greyhound was jealous at first , and would gladly have excused the Complement , but convinced by the kind Expressions of the Stag of his sincerity , who stooped down to give him the advantage of getting on his back , the Greyhound was taken up , and by him carried towards the Town . As they were thus on their way , they related to each other their several Adventures ; and the Stag was just saying , how happy he and his Brethren should be , if the Hounds would not maliciously hunt them by the scent , and make continual War against them . At which moment , they were overtaken by a Fox , who listening , had heard some of their Discourse , and Smiling , told the Stag , It was very strange , he was not sensible that he carried his greatest Enemy on his back . I have no Enemies , answered the Stag , but the Hounds , and this is a Greyhound , a Creature of another Species , whom I carry . Both Hounds and Greyhounds , replyed the Fox , are at open Hostility with all your Race : And I can assure you , that if your life were in his Power , as his is now in yours , you would find no mercy from him . The Stag then began to be angry , and would have thrown him off his back , but remembring he had given him his promise : 'T is no matter , said he , though his Companions should be so ungrateful to attack me , after doing him so good an office , I 'll acquit my self as well as I can of them ; but I shall do my utmost endeavour to leave him in a place of Security , in Discharge of the Faith I have given him .

Too much eagerness or precipitation ruins many a well-laid Design . When a Generous Enemy is known , he may be trusted freely . We must not break our Faith with any man , though his Associates be our Enemies . E Contrasegno d'una grande generosita , e d'esser Padrone di se stesso , quando havendo un Nemico nelle proprie mani un' Huomo è cosi religioso di voler mantenergli la sua parola . 'T is a sign of great Generosity , and of a Mans being Master of himself , when having an Enemy in his power , he shall be so just to assist and protect him , for the keeping his Faith with him . A remarkable Instance hereof amongst many others which I could produce , happened of late ; the History in brief is this ,

That a Wounded Man came running into a Ladies House , and up into her Bed-Chamber , begging her protect on from his Enemies ; she promised it , hid him in her Closet , and had no sooner dressed his Wounds , but saw certain Officers rushing into the House to look for him . These had her free leave to search for him every where , but in her Closet where he lay ; and after these , she saw her own Son brought in dead of three mortal Wounds , given him by the Person she had so carefully concealed . Then alas ! did two violent Passions struggle within her Breast , but at last Pity overcame her Revenge , so she went and threw her self upon the Dead Body of her Son , bathing it with her Tears ; and after the Searchers were gone , she ran to the Assassin , Go Bloody Murderer of my Son ! cryed she ; be gone thou Cruel Wretch ! that hast robbed me of what was most dear to me in this World. Make haste from my House , since I have given thee my Word for this time , but when I shall have discharged my self of my Trust , and put thee in safety , take care I never see thee more , for if I do , I am resolved to revenge this thy Cruelty , with the greatest rigour of Iustice . When she had said this , she caused him to be secretly conveyed away in safety , by one of the most trusty of her Servants , without letting any of the rest of her Family know it .

FAB. LXXXV . The Birds that would have had a Commonwealth .

CErtain Rebellious Birds that were met together , proposed the Erecting a Commonwealth , because the Eagle , their King , as they pretended , was insufficient to govern so vast an Empire , and oppressed them with great Taxes . But a Politick Jay disswaded them from their purpose , hinting to them , that it was easier filling one Sack than many .

The more Lords any People have over them , the greater are their Exactions , and heavier their Oppression .

FAB. LXXXVI . The Servant and the Ass.

A Malicious Servant that had a grudge against his Masters Ass , pushing him down a steep Place , kill'd him , and the perswaded his Master that the Ass fell by Accident . His Master being a Poor man , and wanting Money to buy another , made the Servant carry the Burdens which the Ass was wont to do ; This Fool then , when almost harrassed to Death with the continual Drudgery he underwent , said within himself , I very justly suffer this misery , that kill'd the Ass which would have eased me of all this Slavery ▪

Thus some Men striving to be revenged on others , at the same time ruin themselves .

FAB. LXXXVII . The Boasting Lamp.

A Lamp well dressed with Oyl and Cotton , which was lighted , and burnt very clearly , grew so Insolent , that it presumed to compare its Splendor with the Suns bright Beams ; but being thrown down by a sudden blast of Wind , it was put out ; which a Passenger , that was present , observing , hung up again , and lighting it , said , Now , thou Lamp , shine as clear as thou canst , but be silent , and boast no more , for know , that none of the Heavenly Luminaries were ever yet extinguished .

Let no Man be so vain at the Consideration of his Riches , and the Dignities of this World , that he despise the real Felicity we hope to enjoy in Heaven : For whatsoever is acquired here below , may also be lost again , and is so uncertain , that it can scarce be called our own .

FAB. LXXXVIII . The Swallow and other Small Birds .

WHen the Husbandmen were beginning to Sow Flax Seed , a Swallow counselled the other little Birds to eat it up ; because Men , when it should be grown to Maturity , would make of it all their Snares , for the Destruction of Birds . This advice they derided , calling her Foolish Prophetess , and bad her take care for her self . Yet , so soon as the Flax appeared above ground , she repeated her Perswasions ; which they again slighted and scorned . And when the Flax was fully ripe , she exhorted them afresh to spoil it ; nor yet would they listen to her . The Swallow then leaving the Company of those foolish Birds , flew to the Villages amongst Men , and entred into a League of Friendship with them , by which Articles , she was peaceably to dwell amongst them , and entertain them with her Musick ; but the other Birds were , in a short time after , taken in Nets , and Snares made of the Flax ; whilst the Swallow , enjoying her liberty , flew where she pleased .

Some people are so inconsiderate , that they are neither capable of acting Prudently , nor of receiving good Counsel , but despise those who offer it ; running on in their Extravagancies , till they are beyond all possibility of being saved from utter ruin . Qui bonum consilium respuat , eum accersere perniciem sibi . And the Italians say , Un' Ostinato Cor merta ogni male .

FAB. LXXXIX . The Image to be Sold.

IN a Market , an Artist that had a Wooden Mercury to sell , had been long expecting a Chapman ; but seeing none come , he called aloud to invite Buyers , Who 'll purchase a bountiful God that will make him Rich ? Of whom one that was passing by , asked , Friend , said he , Why , if your God have this admirable Quality , would you part with him for Money , since you may gain enough by keeping him ? Because , Sir , answered the Carver , 't is ready Cash I want , and he does not enrich us but with time .

Against such as are greedy of Gain , and Irreligious .

FAB. XC . The Fishers that caught great Fishes .

CErtain Fishers throwing their Nets into the Sea , caught many great Fishes , which they drew out upon the Shore ; but the little ones slipped through the Net-holes and escaped .

Easily may the Men of small Fortunes , save themselves in some eminent Calamity which befalls a Country , whilst the Men of great Estates seldom escape Scot-free .

FAB. XCI . The two Frogs .

TWO Frogs dwelt together in a Pond , which in Summer time drying up by the Suns heat they went to another , and that also growing dry , they found a Well , whereat rejoycing , Come , said one of them , let us go down into this Water : No , answered his Comrade , For how should we get out from hence , should this likewise happen to be dry ?

No man should engage in any Affair , without a due Consideration of it before-hand . Ut Labyrinthos non oportet ingredi sine filo quo securius possis redire : ita non est suscipiendum negotium nisi prius perspecta ratione qua te possis inde rursus explicare . Nequid inconsulto fiat . Do nothing rashly .

FAB. XCII . The Wolf and the Bear.

A Wolf asked a Bear , why he carried his Head hanging down on that manner ? I know not , answered the Bear , unless it be by reason of the stifness of my Neck . Then why do you not arm your Head with Horns , demanded the Wolf , as you see the Bulls-heads are , since your Fore-head stands as proper for such Weapons as his ? Ay , said the Bear , but who is able to do that ? Men , replyed the Wolf , can do many things , to whom Nature has been so liberal in her Gifts of Wit and Industry . With little inquiry you may find , I presume , amongst them , an Artist that will perform this thing to your satisfaction . The Credulous Bear did as the Wolf advised him , and having found a Man that would undertake the Work , he asked him what recompence he expected for his pains ? Give me , said the Operator , your Cropt Ears , for I can see nothing else about you fit for me to ask , or you to give . With all my heart , answered the pleased Bear , I 'll be content to part with them , to have my Head adorned with a stately pair of Horns . And so suffered the Torment of having his Ears cut off . Now , said the Workman , I must bore two holes in that part of your Head , where you have a mind the Horns should grow . How ! cryed the Bear , make holes in my Head ? I should be mad indeed , should I let you do that . Then 't is impossible , continued the Man , for me to graft them on . I had rather choose to want these Horns , said the Bear in a passion , for whose sake I have so foolishly lost my Ears , than endure all that Misery for them , and so went vext away .

The Ambition of dull Fools , affecting great things , never wants its due Punishment .

FAB. XCIII . The Fig-tree and the Hawthorn .

A Fig-tree that was plentifully hung with green Fruit , growing by a Thorn Bush , that happened to be then in its Flowers , was asked by the Thorn , in Derision , where were its blossoms ? Pray , said the Fig-tree , where 's your Fruit ? Nature , answered the Thorn , has not bestowed on me any that is considerable : Why then , demanded the Figtree , Do you in scorn require blossoms of me , when you see me thus stored with Fruit , which is so much better than Flowers ?

Honour can never be wanting to Vertue , tho' it may not at all times be so conspicuous , as on some particular occasions : And so may base and contemptible Things happen to appear in some Splendor for a time .

FAB. XCIV . The Cock , the Dog , and the Fox .

WEll pleased with each others Company were a Cock and a Dog , taking a Journey together , and at Evening the Cock flew up into a Tree , whilst the Dog slept in the bottom , which was hollow . But when the Cock crew in the Night time , as his Custom is , a Fox that happen to hear him , came running thither , and standing under the Tree , desired him to come down , that he might embrace him for the good Musick he made . The Cock perceiving his drift , entreated him first to wake his Fellow-Traveller , who slept there underneath , and he would prepare to wait on him . The Fox called aloud , supposing it another Cock , and with his noise alarmed the Dog , who rushing out upon the Fox , soon kill'd him .

Wise men , when in danger of their more powerful Enemies , engage them by subtilty with others , who are better able to deal with them .

Fallite fallentes : ex magna parte profanum Sunt genus : in Laqueos quos posuere cadant .

And the Italians say , Chi con fraude camina in fraude intoppa . He who practises Deceit , suffers by it .

FAB. XCV . The Deer and the Lion.

HOping to avoid the Hunters , an affrighted Deer fled for shelter into a Cave , in which there happened to be a Lion reposing himself , who seeing so good a prey , quickly seized her ; the Deer crying out , Oh unhappy Wretch ! that to save my self from falling into the hands of Men , am run into the Mouth of the most merciless Creature in the World.

Many striving to avoid one Danger , run themselves into another .

Incidet in Syllam , capiens vitare Charibdem .

FAB. XCVI . The Tortois and Jupiter .

ABout the beginning of the World , when Iupiter was graciously bestowing on all Creatures the Gifts which they could desire of him , the Tortois entreated him to grant her the Benefit of carrying her House along with her , wheresoever she should go . Iupiter asking her why she had a mind to be always troubled with so heavy a Burthen ? I had rather , answered she , carry such a Weight , than having an ill Neighbour , not be able to remove from him on occasion .

We should make haste from bad Neighbourhood , tho' we suffer a prejudice by the removal . The poet Hesiod says , 〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉 . Damnum malus vicinus , ut bonus magnum adjumentum .

FAB. XCVII . The Hog and the Horse .

AS a Horse , equipped in all his richest Caparisons , was marching on his Journy into the Wars , he was thus in scorn called to by a Hog , lying in a muddy hole , near the Road : Oh , thou Fool ! said he , why dost thou make such haste to thy Destruction ? Dost thou not consider that thou may'st , perhaps , be slain in the Battel , to which thou art going ? Then stay thou here , said the Horse , and grow fat , wallowing in the Mire , and in thine own beloved Nastiness ; but know for a certain , that e're long , thy Throat shall be cut with a Knife , and thou shalt so dye at home without Honour .

This Apologue , upbraids those Sloathful Persons who rather choose to live at home , wallowing in all manner of Luxury and Vice , than go abroad to acquire Honour .

FAB. XCVIII . The Pensive , and the Cheerful Traveller .

TWO Men travelling together , one of them was in continual Thought how he should do to live , whilst the other still went on cheerfully , in hopes of better Fortune . This latter was told by his Grave Comrade , That he wondred how he could be so light-hearted ; For I , said he , am hourly perplexed with Cares and Troubles , to think with my self which way I shall steer , to my advantage , the course of my life . But I have long since , said his Companion , settled that matter . And being demanded how ? I shall ever , replyed he , faithfully and diligently proceed on in those Methods wherein I have always been hitherto bred up , and leave the Event to God , to dispose of all things as he shall best please . The Grave Man hearing this , told him with a scornful smile , He had known many , who relying on God , had found themselves at last short of their expectations . And then falling upon the Subject of his Doubts , and of the Incertainty of the things of this World , began to have a Dreadful Apprehension of his being Blind ; when with a sudden kind of Horrour , O Immortal Gods ! cry'd he , what would become of me , should I lose my Sense of Seeing ? In which Imagination , he had a mind to try how he could be able to go , in case of such a Calamity : And advancing a little before his Companion , he shut his Eyes very close , walking on blindfold , but with great caution , for fear of stumbling ; thus going he happened to miss the sight of a Purse of Money , lost by some Person Travelling that way , which was soon espyed , and taken up by his Comrade following him , who passed the rest of his Journy more pleasantly than till that time he had done .

This Fable blames not a Prudent Consideration and Industry , it condemns only those anxious and perplexed Counsels , from whence seldom any good Actions result ; but rather such as are afterwards repented of . The Heathens of Old , attributed to Fortune the disposal of all human Affairs ; and of this Opinion was the Author of this Adage .

〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉 . Malo Fortunae Guttam , quam Mentium Dolium . A Drop of Fortune , is better than a Tub full of Care.

Tribullus says , Non opibus mentes Hominum curaeque levantur , Nam Fortuna sua tempora lege gerit .

And a great Philosopher says , Omnes Reges ex Servis , omnes Servi ex Regibus oriuntur . Omnia ista longa varietas miscuit , & sursum , atque deorsum Fortuna versavit .

FAB. XCIX . The Lion grown Old.

A Lion , who while he was in his prime strength and vigour , had created himself divers Enemies , was sufficiently punished for it in his feeble Old-age ; Many of those Beasts then coming to gratifie their Revenge on him , for the several Injuries they remembred to have received of him . The Boar wounded him with his Tusks ; the Bull with his Horns goared him ; the Ram gave him violent blows with his Head ; And lastly , the very Ass , willing to quit his Epithete of dull , and either to express his resentment of some old unkindnesses , or after the Example of several others , treated him not only with rude and insolent Language , but with divers severe kicks . Which cruel usage , extremely afflicting the Royal Lion ; Many of these , said he , who have thus beat and abused me , have done it , perchance , but to take satisfaction for some Injuries , whereby I may , by my Ministers , have incensed them against me : But there are others here , to whom I have often been kind , and have obliged by very considerable Favours , and yet they not only refuse to assist me in this Exigency , but put themselves into the number of those who persecute me ; so that I find , I have been to blame , for having provoked so many to be my Enemies , and more to blame for having confided in such false Friends , that basely desert me in my greatest Distress .

This Fable is a Caution to such as have attained to some great Offices and Power , that they demean themselves therein with Prudence and Moderation , and not strive to make themselves great by the ruin and spoil of Poor Men , lest by some turn of Fortune , they happening afterward to be thrown down from that Greatness , should be exposed to the Mercy of those whom they have injured , and so be treated as they have been accustomed to treat others . For this reason , Namertes the Lacedemonian , when a Courtier was perswading him that he had many Friends , I cannot tell what to judge of it , answered he , but must expect till Adversity make the Tryal for me ; than which nothing can make a truer distinction of Friends . Very well has a French Poet expressed himself on this Subject .

L'on ne se souvient que du mal , L' Ingratitude regne au Monde ; L' Injure se grave en Metal , Et le Bienfait s' ecrit en Onde . Of Good we no remembrance have , Yet love Ingratitude and Spight ; On Brass our Injuries Engrave , And Favours still on Water write .

FAB. C. The Fox and the Ape .

AN Ape meeting a Fox , and observing him to be in good plight , having a plump Body , and his Coat lying smooth and sleeck , Ah! How much more bountiful , said she , has Nature been to thee , than to me , for she seems to have mademe , as it were , in spight , with a kind of exquisite Deformity . The Prudent Fox willing to convince her of her Errour , invited her to walk on a while with him . I 'll wait on you , answered the Ape , tho I confess I am ashamed to be seen on the Road , thus ragged , lean , and half naked as I am , with you , who are so handsom and well clad . They had not gone far , before they met an Elephant that had lost his Teeth ; of whom the Fox enquired , what force was able to break Teeth of that mighty strength , which his , by the roots seemed to have been ? It was the Covetousness of men , answered he , who having long pursued me with fury , being greedy of such a Booty , I therefore thrust them in betwixt the Trunks of two Trees growing near to each other , and at the Expence of what they so earnestly sought after , I ransomed my Life . Going a little further , they espyed coming towards them , a Beaver bleeding that had newly lost his Testicles . The Fox asking the occasion of his misfortune , understood by the poor Creature , that he himself had bit them off , being sensible that for their sakes , Men hunted him , and would have taken and kill'd him , Walking on , they were met by a Peacock , whose Wings and Tail having been stript of their Feathers , it was a hard thing to know what Bird he was : For which loss the Fox pitying him , desired to be informed who had , on that manner , plundred him ? Men , said he , taken with the Beauty of my Glorious Plumes , caught me , and tore them off , to adorn their own pride with them . When they had left him , they went forwards and found a Vulture , whose Breast was all naked and raw , having had his downy Skin thus barbarously flee'd off alive ; whom the Fox commiserating , entreated to tell how he had been brought into that deplorable Condition ? Certain Curious Men , said he , coveting my soft Down , surprized me by their subtil Tricks , and used me as you see . They had scarce lost sight of the Vulture , when they met a Man loaded with several Bundles , followed by a small Troop of Children , ill clad , and his Wife bringing up the rear . He was courteously saluted by the Fox , and asked whither he was going , and whence he came with that Train . Alas ! answered he , whither I go , I know not , but I come with this my distressed Family from a Conquered City , lately most flourishing ; abounding in Riches , and flowing in a plenty of all things , which now by the fury of a Powerful Enemy is utterly destroyed , and in which Calamity , I , from a Wealthy Citizen , have been reduced to Beggery . Dost thou see ? said the Fox to the Ape , that Riches and Plenty which are wont to raise their Minds , and so much please those who enjoy them , could not make their Possessors happy ▪ Wherefore I advise thee so to dispose thy self , that thy Poverty may neither grieve thee , nor make thee ashamed .

Archilochus the Parian , that Celebrated Lyric Poet , of all whose Works we have only some small Fragments remaining , and ( who lived in the time when Gyges Reigned in Lydia , that Murdered his Master King Candaules , for the enjoyment of his Queen , whom he afterwards Marryed . ) This same Archilochus , I say , writ Fables of this kind in Verse , and first incroduced the Fox speaking in them , And there is the beginning of a Fable of his related by Ammonius , the Philosopher of Alexandria , in his 〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉 which might possibly have been to the same Effect , with the fore-recited Fable of the Learned Joachim Camerarius ; which shows that in Wealth and Abundance , there are generally more Mischiefs attending , and more Dangers , than in Poverty and Want. It was this Archilochus that wrote so sharply in Iambic Verse against Lycambes , whose Daughter he had Espoused , tho her Father afterward refused to deliver her to him . This was the occasion of that Satyr , which made Lycambes hang himself .

Hence Horace says , Archilochum proprio rabies armavit Jambo .

The end of the First Century .

The Table . 1. THE Cock and the Precious Stone . 2. The Hart , the Sheep , and the Wolf. 3. The Nightingale and the Wolf. 4. The Parrot and the Cat. 5. The Rose and the Amaranthus . 6. The Mountain and the Mouse . 7. The Fly that was drowned . 8. The Magpy and the Eagle . 9. The Ass that found no end of his Labours . 10. The Wolf and the Porcupine . 11. The Mice and the Cat. 12. The Brother and the Sister . 13. The Crow and the Fox . 14. The Apes and the Bird. 15. The Hunter and the Lion. 16. The Doe and the Fawn . 17. The Charitable Hedghog . 18. The Fox and the Wolf. 19. The Countryman and the Serpent . 20. The Tempest . 21. The Trifler . 22. The Eel and the Serpent . 23. The Fox and the Grapes . 24. The Mole rebuked . 25. The Lion , the Mouse and the Fox . 26. The Wolf and the Lamb. 27. The Mouse and the Kite . 28. The Boy and the Scorpion . 29 The Fowler and the Partridge . 30. The Bear and the Fox . 31. The Countryman and the Bee. 32. The Fox and the Carved Head. 33. The Boy and his Bird. 34. The Physician that would have excused himself . 35. The two Men amongst the Apes . 36. The Lion in Love. 37. The Dog that feared the Ram. 38. The Cat and the Cheese . 39. The Iay stript . 40. The Hawk and the Dove . 41. The Spider and the Gout . 42. The Shipwrack'd Man and the Sea . 43. The Hungry Dogs . 44. The Beasts , the Fowls , and the Fishes . 45. The Gourd and the Pine. 46. The Fox that changed his Wishes . 47. The Covetous Man and his Apples . 48. The Dog and the Vulture . 49. The Fly and the Ant. 50. The Sheep and the Dog. 51. The two Kinsmen going to Law. 52. The Sick Kite . 53. The Ass and the Boar. 54. The Wood and the Countryman . 55. The Hart and the Vine . 56. The Worm and the Fox . 57. The Wolves and the Sheep . 58. The Wolf , the Fox , and the Apes . 59. The Sow and the Wolf. 60. The Thief and the Dog. 61. The Frogs desiring a King. 62. The Thief and the Sun. 63. The Gamester and the Swallow . 64. The Pigeons and the Hawk . 65. The Cuckow and the Small Birds . 66. The Fox and the Dragon . 67. The Sheep and its Shepherd . 68. The Lioness and the Fox . 69. The Old Man and Death . 70. The Ass , the Ox , the Mule , and the Camel. 71. Prometheus and Epimetheus Peopling the Earth . 72. The two Cocks . 73. The Bees and Jupiter . 74. The Oak and the Reed . 75. The Lamb and the Wolf. 76. The Ape and the Fox . 77. The Grashopper and the Owl . 78. The Fisher that Played on his Pipe. 79. The Cuckow and the Nightingale . 80. Death and an Old Man . 81. The League between the Wolves and Sheep . 82. The Covetous Man and his Money . 83. The Parrot . 84. The Stag and a Wounded Grey-hound . 85. The Birds that would have had a Commonwealth . 86. The Servant and the Ass. 87. The boasting Lamp. 88. The Swallow and the Small Birds . 89. The Image to be Sold. 90. The Fishers that caught great Fishes . 91. The two Frogs . 92. The Wolf and the Bear. 93. The Fig-tree and the Hawthorn . 94. The Cock , the Dog , and the Fox . 95. The Deer and the Lion. 96. The Tortois and Jupiter . 97. The Hog and the Horse . 98. The Pensive , and the Cheerful Traveller . 99. The Lion grown Old. 100. The Ape and the Fox . FINIS .

Mythologia Ethica : OR , AESOPIAN FABLES . The Second Century .

The PREFACE TO The Second Century OF FABLES . Taken from Aphthonius the Sophist's 〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉 .

WE owe the first Invention of Fable to the Poets , but it is commonly made use of by the Orators , for inculcating their Arguments into their Auditory . A Fable is an invented Speech or Tale , which represents the Truth by some pleasant Image . These Fables were anciently called either Sybaritic , Cilician , or Cyprian ; Names taken from the Inventors of them , or Countries where they Inhabited ; but because Aesop far out-did all others in Writing Fables , he got the Credit to have them called Aesopian , or Aesopic . Fable is said to be threefold , Rational , Moral , and Mixt. Rational , is when some thing is feigned to be done by Men : Moral , is when Mens Manners are imitated , by Creatures wanting Reason . Mixt , is that which introduces both Rational and Irrational Creatures . But the Admonition or Morality , for sake of which you invent the Fable , if you begin with it ( as we often see it done by Phaedrus ) 't is called 〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉 , or Antefabalatio : But if the Moral come after the Fable ( as in Aesop , and most other Mythologists ) it is called 〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉 , or Adfabulatio .

Mythologia Ethica : OR , AESOPIAN FABLES . The Second Century .

FAB. I. Aesop , the Interpreter of a Will .

A Man dying , left three Daughters ; One of which was very Beautiful , and loving Gayety , that so she might entice Gallants to admire her . The second a good Huswife , extremely delighting in a Country-life . The youngest unhandsom , and a great Wine-drinker . The Old Man made his Wife Executrix of his last Will and Testament , but on Condition , that she should distribute his whole Estate , real and personal , among his three Daughters equally , and yet in such manner , as that neither of them should possess or enjoy what was given them ; and that so soon as they should cease to have the proportions which fell to their respective shares , they should pay to their Mother a hundred Sertertia . The Rumour of this thing was spread over all the City of Athens ; for the careful Mother consulted the most eminent Lawyers , but none could tell which way they should not possess their several Legacies , and yet receive the Benefit of them ; and then , how they could pay such a summ to their Mother , when they could not come to meddle with any thing . After much time was spent , without being able to dive into the true meaning of the Will , the Mother called Witnesses , and waving the Critical Interpretation of the Words , she undertook to dispose things on this manner : She gave the Amorous Lady the fine Cloathes , the Womens Jewels and Toys , the Plate belonging to the Bathes , and the like ; also the smooth-faced Eunuchs to wait on her . To the good Huswife , she distributed the Country-House , the Fields and Flocks , the Labouring Servants , Oxen , Horses , with all the Necessary Furniture and Implements , proper for a Country Life . And for the Drinker , she reserved the Cellers well stored with good Old Wines , a Magnificent House , with noble Gardens , Arbours , and Summer-houses , to drink in . When she would have Confirmed this Distribution , in presence of her Friends and Acquaintance , Aesop , on a sudden , crouding in through the midst of them , Ah! said he , Were it possible for the Father to have a sense of this , after Death , how sorry , and how much ashamed would he be , that in all Athens there should not be a man able to explain the meaning of his Will ? He then being desired by them to unriddle it , began thus to clear it before them all : Give , said he , the City-House , Gardens , Orchards and Wines , to her that is enclined to a Country Life : The Rich Cloathes , Jewels , Plate , &c. let the Bowsing Lady have : And to her that delights to spend her Life in Luxury and Wantonness , order the Fields , Vines , Flocks , Shepherds , and Plowmen . On this manner , neither of them will enjoy what is suitable to their Humours . The unhandsom Daughter , that loves good Liquor , will sell all her Jewels for Wine . The Wanton Lady will part with her Lands to buy Gaudy Cloathes . And she that delights in Good Huswifery , and Country Affairs , being dissatisfied with her Splendid City-Dwelling and Furniture , will dispose of it . Thus none of them will possess what was given them , so that when they shall have sold their several shares , they may pay their Mother the summ appointed her by her Husbands Will . Thus the Prudence of one Man discovered what was a Mystery to so many .

It often happens , that we find more Wit in one Man , than in a great Company . Homines non numerandi sed ponderandi . Men are not to be reckoned by their Number , but by their true Weight and Value . Vn seul homine a sou vent plus de Lumiere , que tout vn Peuple .

FAB. II. The Apes going to build a City .

HEeretofore , the Apes at a general Assembly of them , took Counsel together about the building them a City : But when they had prepared all things requisite for so great a Work ; one of the most ancient and grave of them all , advised them to desist from their Enterprize , and made them sensible that they should be in far greater Danger than they were now of being taken and destroyed by Men , their Mortal Enemies , if once they were enclosed within Walls .

We must have a care of doing that at present , which may be of great mischief to us hereafter . It also admonisheth us to take Counsel of the ancient and knowing Persons , whose Prudence may be able to carry us with safety , through that , which the rashness of those who are unexperienced , might cause us to miscarry in .

FAB. III. The Tree drawn by Oxen.

THe Trunk of a great Tree , drawn by Oxen , complained to them on this manner : O Ungrateful Oxen ! How often have I fed and nourished you with my tender leaves , and sheltred you as well from the rigorous Colds , as scorching Heats , with my late spreading Boughs , and yet you now cruelly drag me through the Dirt , and over the sharp Stones ? Is this the reward of all my kindness ? Have I ever deserved this ill usage from you ? Alas ! answered the Oxen , we are constrained to do this , by the Goad which drives us on against our Wills. The Tree , with this reason , was satisfied of their Innocence , and forgave them .

We should not be angry with those who offend us , when they are compell'd to it by others .

FAB. IV. The Dog and the Crocadile .

IT is reported , that the Dogs which drink at the River Nile , are forced to lap running by the bank side , for fear that by the Crocadiles they should be pull'd into the Water . On which manner , as a Dog began both his Career and Draught , he was thus called to by a Crocadile , Be not affraid , said she to him , but stay and drink at your own leisure . That I would , with all my Heart , answered the Dog , did I not know you have a Months mind to be making a Meal of my sweet Flesh.

Whosoever gives ill Counsel to Prudent and Cautious Men , both loses his Labour , and hecomes also ridiculous for it . Si Prudens esse cupis in futurum prospectum intende . Seneca . If you desire to become Wise , have an eye to the danger that may befal you .

FAB. V. The Asses Embassy to Jupiter .

THE Asses sent Ambassadors to Iupiter , beseeching him to ease them of their continual Labour and Misery . Iupiter willing to let them see it could not be granted , promised he would answer their Desires , so soon as they , by pissing , should be able to make a continual running Stream . The Asses were so well satisfied with this return of their Embassy , thinking the Deity had spoke seriously , that they have ever since observed it as a general Rule amongst them , when any Ass sees where another has pissed , he makes a stop to do it also in the same place .

This Fable is to be used to those Lazy Persons , who without real cause , will be lamentably complaining of their hard Labour . Si quando Fatuo , says Tully , delectari volo , non est mihi longe quaerendus , me rideo .

FAB. VI. The Pigeon and the Magpy .

WHen a Pigeon was asked by a Magpy , what could induce her still to make her Nest in the same place , knowing that her Young were always taken away from thence ? She answered , 'T is my Simplicity .

An Honest Man is easily deceived ; for he meaning others no harm , goes plainly on with his Affairs , and considers not that cunning Knaves are often lying in wait to surprize him .

Yet Horace says , Integer vitae , scelerisque purus , Non eget Mauri jaculis nec arcu , &c.

FAB. VII . The Frogs that fear'd the fighting of two Bulls .

A Frog seeing two Bulls fight : Alas , cry'd she , what Calamity do I foresee impending over our heads . And being demanded by another , whence she apprehended this ill Omen ? Since they were striving for the dominion of the Heard ; and that they , with the Cows , would live far enough off from them . 'T is true , answered the first Frog , they are a People whose Territory lies remote , and are of a separate Species from us . But he of the two who shall be expelled the Empire of the Woods , will certainly fly , and may possibly take our Lake for one of his lurking places , and here tread and squeeze us to death with his hard Hoofs . On this manner does the Quarrel relate to us .

Humiles laborant , ubi Potentes dissident : The Common People feel the smart , when great Princes are at variance . Mala publica in Plebem recidunt : Public Calamities fall on the comon People .

FAB. VIII . The Father and his two Daughters .

A Father having two Daughters whom he had Married ; one to a Gardiner , and the other to a Potter , went on a time to the Gardners Wife , and asked her how she did ? Very well , answered she , if God would be graciously pleased to send some seasonable Showrs to raise our Herbs and Plants , that are almost scorched up for want of Rain . From thence he went to the Potters , and asking that Daughter how all things went with her ? She told him , very well , if God in his Mercy would be pleased but to continue the Fair Weather to dry their Pots . But Child , replied the Father , if thou desire Sun-shine , and thy Sister Rain , with which of you shall I joyn my Prayers ?

Who undertake two contrary things at the same time , do justly deserve disappointment in both .

FAB. IX . The Serpents Tail and other Members .

NO Arguments could prevail with the Tail of a Serpent , but it would needs have its turn of Superiority , for sometime to precede and lead the others Members . They rationally urged the impossibility of it , the Tail having neither Eyes nor Nose to guide it , as other Creatures had : But nothing would satisfie till it had its will . The tail then governed , and led the whole Body , but being blind , draged it till it fell into a deep Pit of Stones , cutting and bruising all the rest of its Members . In which distress , the afflicted Tail after this humble manner begged of the Head. Good Sir , be pleased to help us , for I have undertaken a presumptuous thing , and by my ill Conduct plunged my self into a Misfortune , from whence , without your prudent assistance , I shall never be able to redeem my self , nor those whom I have drawn into the same Calamity with me .

This Fable points at arrogant Fools who are often murmuring at the Government , and boasting what politic Measures they would take , were they at the Helm . Plutarch relates a Fable to the same purpose , in the History of Agis and Cleomenes .

FAB. X. The Cuccow and the Sparrow-Hawk .

IN a scornful manner was a Cuccow upbraided by a Sparrow-Hawk , that not being inferior to him in size of Body , nor unlike him in Colour , he should content himself to feed on Worms and Mice , and not rather choose to feast on other Birds , as himself did . But it happened a few daies after , that the Sparrow-Hawk following a Pigeon , was taken by a Countryman , who hung him up to scare away other Birds of Prey ; whom when the Cuccow espied , come to that ignominious end . Ah! said he , how much better had it been for thee to have been feeding now on Worms and Mice , than by feasting on Birds , brought this Calamity on thy self .

He who honestly and industriously lives on what is his own , is more happy and secure than he who preys on the spoiles of others .

FAB. XI . The Shepherd the Wolf and the Fox .

ON a time a Shepherd observed that a certain Creature which he could not well distinguish , by reason of the distance from him , danced to the sound of his Bagpipe . Some few daies after he perceived him in the same posture again , and had not continued at it half an hour , but he perceived a Fox come towards him , looking very pleasantly , and telling him , that he brought such News as would ( he doubted ) scarce gain credit with him ; and seeing the Shepherd listen to him , I come to you , proceeded the Fox , in behalf of the Wolf , who on any terms would be glad to see a Reconciliation of the Ancient Enmity betwixt the Sheep , and those of his Race . He condemns his nearest Relations and Friends , that cannot live with Creatures so peaceable and mild , that they may be justly termed the very Pattern of Goodness and Innocence . And besides , he is so much in love with your Bagpipe , that hearing the Harmony you make with it , though so far off , he cannot forbear dancing ; if therefore you please to permit him to come to you , you will find him of a most sweet Nature , and will rejoyce in his Friendship . The Shepherd who knew well enough , the good understanding which for a long time had been betwixt those two Beasts , thus answered him . Though I have some small suspicion of the Messenger , yet I am content the Wolf should come hither , that he converse familiarly with the Sheep , and dance quietly to the Music of my Pipe : But on condirion , he first consent that I draw out his Teeth , and pair his Nails , they not being at all necessary for Conversation , nor for Dancing . The Fox perceiving his craft detected , quickly with-drew without making any reply .

The Applause which comes from the Mouth of an Enemy is dangerous . An Enemy that humbles himself too much , makes himself suspected . From the Messenger may be conjestured the Goodness or Illness of the Person that sent him . A Man should take care to prevent if he can his Enemies approaching him with a greater strength than what he himself has . Kind Messages sent from an Enemy , if listned to , are commonly more hurtful than profitable ; so that it is most secure not to give credit to them . La dolcezza de i Regali , e le belle parole sono sonniferi con quali● s' addormentano li Nemici per sorprenderli piu facilmente . Presents and kind Messages are Opiate-potions to lull our Enemies asleep , that we may the more easily surprize them .

FAB. XII . The Jack-Daw that would have been a King.

JVpiter having an intention to establish a Kingdom among the Birds , gave them a Summons to appear all before him ; where signifying his pleasure , he raised a great Strife and Emulation amongst them , who should appear at the Election day the handsomest ; for he promised to bestow the Diadem on the most Beautiful . This put them all upon using their utmost skill , for their neatest adorning . Straight to the Fountains , Ponds , and Lakes they repair , that there , as in looking Glasses , they might see to place every Feather in its due order , and all those which were not to their Minds , they pull'd out and threw away . Thither also went the poor Jack-Daw , tho with no great opinion of himself ; but finding a vast quantity of scattered Feathers about the Waters , he subtilly contrived to make his best Advantage of them , so gathered the choicest and fitted them on himself in a most delightful order ; and no sooner was he come to the Election , but he drew on him the Eyes of all the other Birds , and those likewise of the supream Judg himself , admiring that Beautiful variety . The Silver Swan gave place to him ; the proud Peacock with his Glorious Plumes , in comparison of him , seemed despiseaable : Nay the very Eagle with all his briskness , was slighted by the rest , in respect of his Bravery , and scarce had the confidence to stand in competition with him . But as Iupiter was about to deliver him the Scepter , the Owl earnestly beholding him , espied some of the Feathers he had thrown aside , and coming up to him , pull'd them off ; all the other Birds , by his Example did the like , snatching away their own Feathers , and left the miserable Jack-Daw to be the scorn , and laughing stock of the whole Assembly .

He that usurps what is properly belonging to others , adorns himself with their Goods , and glories in the Injustice , does seldom enjoy them long ; and when fully discovered , commonly suffers Punishment and publick Imfamy for it . This also may be fitly applyed to those who by Impudent Pretences , own the performance of some great Work they never did , or assume the glory of an honourable Exploit really due to others .

FAB. XIII . The Bees and the Drones .

SOme laborious Bees had industriously made their Combes in a hollow Tree , which certain sluggish Drones having found , laid claim to : This Contest was very high at first , but after their heat of Argument was over , it was resolved on both sides to have it decided by Law , where a grave Wasp was Judg. Who having prudently informed himself of the nature of both the Pretenders , offered this proposal to them : Since , said he , your Bodies do resemble one anothers , and your colour is not much unlike , which makes the matter to be justly in dispute ; And lest I should imprudently err against the Oath , I have religiously taken to administer equal Justice to all . Take Hives and therein make new Combs , that by their shapes , and tast of the Hony compared with this , the makers of these now in dispute may be known . Which condition being readily accepted by the Bees , but by the Drones absolutly refused ; the just Judg pronounced this Sentence . 'T is now very plain who cannot , and who really did make these Hony Combs ; I there restore to the Bees the fruits of their own labours .

This Fable , saies Phaedrus , I had passed over in silence , if the Drones having appealed to the Law , had not afterwards refused to submit to the Iudges decision . Opus Artificicem probat . The work shows the Artist .

FAB. XIV . Aesop and the Country-man .

A Rich Chuff , the Master of considerable Flocks of Sheep , had Ewes which brought forth Lambs with Heads resembling Humane Shape , and being affrighted at the Portent , he ran troubled to the Augurs to consult them about the meaning of this Prodigy . One said , it pointed at the Masters life , and advised that victims should be offered for appeasing the Divine Anger . Another affirmed his Wife to be an Adultress , and that this signified his Children were Illigitimate , but that great sacrifices might avert the impending Mischiefs ; in short , there were many different Opinions amongst them , which served but to aggravate the poor Mans distraction about it . By chance in the croud of Listners after this Novelty , was Aesop an Old Man of an ill shape , but one seldom mistaken in his Opinion of Natural things : O Country-man ! said he , would you have your Imagination and all your doubts cleared concerning this strange Portent ? Marry your Shepherds and you shall see no more such Prodigies .

A Learned Experience is better and surer than conjecture , and all the skill of Southsayers . Experientia praestantior arte .

FAB. XV. The tall Trees and the Shrubs .

MAny Trees grew together in a Wood , some of which being tall and straight without knots , and others knotty , low , and crooked ; these latter were often derided by the former for their want of Beauty and Comliness . But it happened that the Master intending to build him a new House , caused all the handsome Trees to be cut down , and left the ugly shrubs standing . Well , said they modestly to those who had formerly insulted over them ; How much better is it now to be a low ill shaped Tree , than a Beautiful one ?

This Apologue admonishes those who are not so handsome as they would be , not to be troubled at it , since the Beauty of many Persons has been their ruin .

FAB. XVI . The Swan and the Stork .

NEar the very approach of her Death , a Swan sang more sweetly than ever she was accustomed to do ; whose charming Music a Stork admiring at such an unseasonable time , asked her the reason of it ? This I do , answered she , because I have cleared my mind of all the Anxious thoughts of this Life , which way I should dispose of my self ; and I shall now finish all the Troubles I have so long laboured under , in searching after Food for my Nourishment , and avoiding all the cunning stratagems of the Fowlers against my own Life , and the Lives of my dear young .

We should not fear Death , by which all the Miseries and Calamities of this World are dissolved .

FAB. XVII . The Fly and the Mule.

A Saucy Fly sitting on the Pearch of a Charriot , called out to the Mule that drew it , Why are you so Lazy ? said he , will you not mend your pace ? Take heed I twinge you not by the Neck , and make you bestir your self a little more nimbly than you do . Poor Creature ! answered the Mule , I value not thy words a rush , I only fear him , who sitting in the Box with his Whip in one hand , and in the other holding the Reines , which being fixed to my Bit , now covered with my Foam , guide me how , and which way he pleases ; but as for thee , thou maist cease thy impertinence ; for I know when to walk , run , or step , without thy insolent directions .

This Fable shows how much such a one is to be despised , who having no ability , will on every occasion be using his vain menaces and boasting of his mighty Power . Graviter decipiuntur , qui putant se aliquid esse , cum nihil sint .

FAB. XVIII . The Lapwing and the Parrat .

'T Was meer Emulation to see the Felicity of a Parrat , who was kept in a rich Cage adorned with Gold , and hanging in a Kings Palace , that provoked an Arrogant Lapwing thus to accost her . My Plumes , said she , are no less Beautiful than thine , and I , methinks , excel thee in the tuneableness of my Voice ; but in the real honour of our Persons , there can be no comparison : for I was certainly born to Dignity , coming into the World with this Princely Crown on my Head ; and yet thou wantonest it here in Ease and Luxury , being daily fed from the Kings own Table ; whilst I am forced with a continual Anxiety to search about for any living . I will therefore go to the King and offer him my Service , that I may at least enjoy an equal Felicity with thee , and divert him with my pleasant Harmony ; she then flying to the King , was put into a Cage and kept . But after she had thus lived a while , she grew sensible of her miserable Captivity , and the narrow bounds she was confined to , the Thought whereof soon brake her heart , and dying she sighed out these last words . O Dearest Liberty ! which I so long have wanted , thou art a Jem invaluable : For nothing this World contains can make a fit Comparison with thee .

Liberty cannot be sold for Mony. When Leonidas the Spartan General , with four hundred Grecians opposed the mighty Army of Xerxes King of Persia , at the straights of Thermopylae , which consisted of ten hundred thousand Men ; the valiant Leonidas advised his Soldiers to dy bravely fighting , after his Example , rather than lose their Liberty , and become Slaves to the Persians ; and to encourage them further , told them , they should all sup together that night with Pluto .

FAB. XIX . The Fox and the Women .

AS Fox was runing through a Town , and saw certain Women eating Hens . Surely cryed he , a miserable Creature am I ; for should I but do , what you are now doing , how many Dogs , and what a noise and uproar should I presently have at my Heels ? We , answered one of those Women , eat that which is our own , but thou boldly livest on what thou stealest from others .

We cannot expect to have the same Disposal of other Mens Goods , which the true Owner have .

FAB. XX. The Wise Lion.

JUst as a Lion had killed a Heifer , a Thief coming up boldly to him , demanded his share of it ; I would give it you answered the Lion , were you not accustomed to take what you can lay hold on , without asking leave ; and so he put by the Saucy Claimer . Presently after , an honest Man happening to come the same way , and seeing that terrible Beast , was retiring back with Speed : But the Lion having espied him , be not afraid , said he , speaking with all the mildness he could . Come forward boldly and take the share , which is justly due to your Modesty and Vertue . Then so soon as he had divided his Prey , he retreated into the Wood , that he might give the Man liberty to draw near and take it .

This saies Phaedrus was an admirable Example , and an Action worthy of great praise ; but now a daies , bold Men and Thieves grow rich , while honest modest Men are left to starve with Poverty . Sunt etiam sua Praemia laudi .

FAB. XXI . The Crow and the Swan .

A Crow observing the beauty of a Swan , was ambitious of attaining to so pure a Colour ; and concluding it to be the effect of his continual Bathing and Washing himself in the Brooks ; This imprudent Crow left the Altars where he , on the entrails of Beasts which were there Sacrificed , had alwaies been nourished , and thence forward spent his time by the Lakes and Rivers : But tho he was there continually washing himself , he could by no diligence change the colour of his Feathers , and at last wanting his usual good Food , he pined away and dyed .

No manner of living can change Nature . Naturam expellas Furca licet usque recurret .

FAB. XXII . The Wallet , or Jupiter and Momus .

TO examine into the Grounds and Reasons of Momus's quarrel against the Works of the Creation ; Iupiter on a time had all Creatures Summoned to appear before him , commanding every one freely to declare what faults they could find in their own Composures , which should immediately be remedied . And seeing the Ape near him ; Come , said Iupiter , let us begin with you . Look upon the Fabrick and Beauty of all your fellow Creatures ; make a comparison thereof with your own , and then tell me what you would have amended , and it shall be done . Sir , answered the Ape , I am very well satisfied , not only with my own elegant shape of Body , but likewise with the more noble faculties of my Mind ; and have nothing in me which can reproach me , as I may modestly enough presume to say , before this Honourable Assembly . But , continued he , Here is my Brother the Bear , who cannot much boast of his admirable Figure . I should be sorry he should have an opportunity to see his Picture ; I am sure he would scarce be in love with it . For my part , said the Bear , I envy not the Shape , nor Beauty of any Creature here present , being well enough pleased with my own . Then making his Observations on the Elephant , shewed it would be very necessary to have some addition made to his Tail , also a great part of his Ears taken off , which he might well enough spare ; and that he being a large ill-shaped Bulk , without any Comliness , would require considerable Alterations . The Elephant hearing this , gave him a grave repremand for the saucy Character he had bestowed on him . But really it pitties me , added he , for our Friend the Whale , who has too unweildy a Body , and which might therefore conveniently be reduced to a smaller Demension . The Whale , in anger , protested he liked well enough his large size . But , I must confess , pursued he , the Pismire is a Creature too little for its Courage , Wit , and Industry ; For so great Labours and continual Fatigue require a stronger and more able Body to undergo them . You might spare your Remarques on me , said the Pismire somewhat displeased ; For the Symetry of my Body is , in all respects , so compleatly adjusted to my Mind , that I desire it may remain just as it is . And she further told them that in comparison of the Mite , she seemed a huge Colossus . Iupiter then , after he had passed a pleasant Censure on them all , for having so good Opinions of themselves , dismissed them .

Thus it is with us . Every one is a Linx to espy other Mens Faults , and a Mole at finding out his own . We easily excuse every ill Action we our selves are guilty of , but expose to all the World the Faults of our Neighbours . Jupiter therefore is reported to have given every Man a Wallet , which he carries about with him ; In the back part whereof , we put all our own Follies and Errours out of our Sights , but carry those of other men alwaies before us . And hence it is Catullus saies , Non videmus id Manticae quod à tergo est . We look not into that part of the Wallet which is behind us . And Phaedrus ; Videre nostra mala non possumus : Alii simul delinquunt , Censores sumus . We cannot see our own ill Actions , but are quick Censurers of other Men , when we find them tardy . Suus autem cuique attributus est error . But every Man must have his Faults laid on his own back , therefore Persius , said well : Sed praecedenti spectutur Mantica tergo .

FAB. XXIII . The Fable of Arion and the Dolphin .

ARion was an excellent Musician of Methymna in the Isle of Lesbos , greatly beloved and admired for his Skill , by Periander King of Corinth . But he being curious to see other Countries , left the King and travelled into Sicily and Italy ; where he not only acquired great Fame by his profound knowledge in that Science of Music , and his exquisit performance thereof , but likewise gathered a considerable stock of Money in his Progress . There he spent some time till being desirous to return to Corinth , he Embarked on a Ship bound for that place . But the Marriners longing to share the Treasure they knew he had on board , resolved to kill him by the way . Arion perceiving their Design , for they had laid violent hands on him , begged them to spare his Life , and he would freely give them all he had ; or at least pray'd them to let him live till he had sung one Song to his Harp , to lament the hardness of his Fortune ; which the Marriners , for sake of the Music , were content to grant . This excellent man then taking his Instrument , went up to the highest part of the Ships Stern , and sang aloud a Song in that Movement which the Greeks called Orthion , with admirable Sweetness and Passion , like the dying Swan ; hoping thereby to have enclined the hard hearts of his Enemies to compassion . But when he had done , and found them still obstinate ; He threw himself immediately into the Sea with his Harp in his Hand , where those Wretches left him to perish . But a very strange and miraculous thing befel him ; For a Dolphin , the Friend of Mankind , swimming to him , took him on his back , and carrying him along upon the very surface of the Water , landed him safely at the Promontory of Taenarus in the Country of Laconia . From thence he went to Corinth , presenting himself before King Periander , and told him all that had happened . The King not giving Credit to his Story , sent him to Prison , till the Marriners of his Vessel , who were to have brought him , were examined ; But they confessed only , that they heard he had been in Italy , much Honoured and Caressed in all the Cities where he came ; and that he had there heaped up much wealth ; which was all they knew of him . When they would confess no further , Arion appear'd to them , in the very same Cloaths , with his Harp , and all his Equipage , as he was when thrown into the Sea . The sight of which so astonished the Marriners that they could not deny the Fact , and soon after received the just punishment of their Crime . This Fable was much talked of , both in Lesbos , and at Corinth , where they had the Story most admirably represented in Brass , of a Harper dismounting from the back of a Dolphin , on the Sea shoar , near the Mountain Taenarus .

This Apologue shews us , that there is very often more Clemency and Pity to be found among brute Creatures , than amongst some Men ; who have no regard to any thing , but to heap up Riches : Nor any other Testimony of Humanity in them besides their shape . This is taken from the First Book of Herodotus , and the Sixteenth Book of Aulus Gellius .

FAB. XXIV . The Man that desired his Corn should grow without Beards .

OF the Goddess Ceres , had a Husbandman obtained the answer of his Prayers , that his Corn hereafter should grow without pricking Auns or Beards , that it might not hurt the hands of his Reapers . But his Corn , so soon as it became ripe , was eaten up by the small Birds , which made him repent of his imprudent request . Alas ! cry'd he , what advantage have I got by this , that for the procuring a trifling convenience , have lost a fruitful Crop ?

We may well bear with some small Inconvenience , especially when accompanied with great Profits .

FAB. XXV . The Eagle , the Hawk , and the Kite .

THe Hawk and the Kite had a Dispute before the Eagle , which of them was most Noble . The Kite very much insisted on the Bulkiness of his Body : and the Hawk boasted of his strength , and the swiftness of his Flight . Now whilst each of them expected the Eagles sentence in his particular favour ; the Wise Judge thus expressed himself . Go both of you , said he , abroad , and he of the two , that shall bring home the best Prey , Him will I esteem to be the noblest Bird. The Kite returned with a Mouse he had taken , and the Hawk presented a Pidgeon . 'T is plain now , said the Eagle , that the Hawk is so much more Noble than the Kite , as a Pidgeon in goodness excels a Mouse .

Men are to be valued by their good Actions , and not by the Bulkiness of their Estates . And the Italian saying is , Di ciascun l' Opra e dol valore il saggio . Every mans Actions are the Test of his value .

FAB. XXVI . The Shepherd and his Dog.

A Shepherd had committed his Flocks to be carefully looked after by his Dog ; and that he might fairly discharge his Trust , fed him every day with good Meat . But this ungrateful Cur , would frequently kill a Sheep , and privately eat it ; which when discovered by his Master , he seized him , and going about to kill him . I beseech you Sir , cry'd the Dog , Spare my Life , Remember that I am your Menial Servant ; and rather kill the Wolf , who lies in wait continually to destroy your Flocks . Nay , said the Shepherd , but thou more deservest Death than the Wolf , for He is our Professed Enemy , and commits those Acts of Hostility which we expect , and take the best care we can to prevent : Whilst thou being of my Family , to whom I have entrusted so great a Charge , and who , under Colour of doing me good service , having basely betrayed me , dost merit no favour at my hands .

They more deserve to be punished who do us mischief under the Mask of Friendship , than those who openly declare themselves to be our Enemies .

FAB. XXVII . The Father and the Son.

A Father exhorted his Son to apply himself more closely to his business ; And that he might leave off his vicious course of life , endeavoured to paint out to him , the Beauty of Vertue , and Deformity of Vice. Dear Father , answered the ungracious Son , Pray spare your pains : for I have heard some Famous Philosophers , as they were called , railing against Vice , and using their cunningest Arguments to perswade to Vertue , and I would never believe them ; much less will I ever mind you , who are no Philosopher .

Those Persons who are naturally of Wicked Enclinations , will very seldom forsake their vices by any Perswasions whatsoever .

FAB. XXVIII . The Camel , the Elephant , and the Ape .

THe Beasts going about to choose a King , the Camel and the Elephant stood Candidates for the Dignity ; hoping to carry it by the greatness of their Bulks , and strength of their Bodies . But the Ape despising them , stood up , and objected against both as unfit ; the Camel because he had not Choler enough to exercise against the unjust . And as for the Elephant , he laughing , said , we shall be apt to suspect he carries about an Army of Pigs in his great Belly ; by which Speech they were both put by the Election .

The greatest affairs may be baffled ▪ by the rediculous Objection of some envious Persons .

FAB. XXIX . The Walnut-Tree .

NEar a Common Road grew a Walnut-Tree , whose Nuts the Passengers covering , were continually pelting at , with sticks and Stones , whereby they miserably tare and break its Boughs ; the Tree being grieved at this ill usage , thus lamented : Oh , wretched that I am , who , from those whom I most delight with my Fruit , receive this ungreatful return !

This reproves those ungrateful Persons who repay Evil for Good.

FAB. XXX . The Lamb that danced , and the Wolf.

A Lamb which had strayed out of its bounds , being furiously pursued by a Wolf , suddainly leapt , and turning to him , said . O Wolf ! since I must be your Meal ; that I may dy with some pleasure , pray be so kind to let me first hear one Tune ; for I know your Performance in Music to be very excellent . The Wolf began to Sing , and the Lamb to Dance to it , which extreamly delighted the Wolf , and encouraged him to continue his Melody with great Eagerness and Vigor , till the Dogs of the next Village hearing that Howling Noise , came runing , and were at his Heels e're he perceived them : Then turning to the Lamb , he had but just time to say as he was seized ; I am rightly served , that being by my Education a Cook , must needs take upon me to be a Musician .

This Fable aims at those who leaving their Trades and Professions , to which they have been bred , and wherein they are very well skill'd , will undertake others , of which they have no knowledg , and by them are deservedly ruined .

FAB. XXXI . The Vale and the Mountain .

A Vale lying Low , by the side of a High Mountain , that had long kept her in Subjection , brake out at last into these angry Expressions against him . How long , thou Combersom Hill , wilt thou persist to insult over me ? Remove thy self further off , and think not on this manner , ever to keep me a Slave to thee ; for if thou do , I will certainly revenge my self of thy Oppression . Since it hath thus , answered the Mountain , pleased the Almighty Creator of all things , to set me over thee , from the Beginning ; Be not angry at what connot be remedied , but be patient under the Decrees of Heaven . The Vale not regarding the sober Admonition of the Mountain , brought a great Army of Trees and Plants , who advancing with Fury upon his sides , Fought valiantly against him ; wounding him in several Places ; hoping by this means to have forced the Hill to remove , that so she might have drawn her self from his Power . But he being provoked to passion , Thou foolish Vale ! said he , that hast the Insolence to Rebel , and thus to begin a War against thy Soveraign , thou shalt soon feel the effects of my Indignation , which thou hast pulled on thine own head . And saying this , the Mountain threw down great Stones , whereby he soon vanquished the Rebellious Army , and so humbled the proud Vally , that she was quickly brought again to her wonted Obedience .

Servants ought to obey their Masters : and Subjects to pay their just Duty and Allegiance to their Soveraigns , and those who are set in Authority over them . For we must remember that 〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉 . The Prince is Gods Representative .

FAB. XXXII . The Ass and the Calf .

AN Ass and a Calf feeding together in a Medow , they heard an Alarm given of the approach of Soldiers marching that way . Let us run for our Lives , said the Calf to the Ass , lest we be found here and taken by the Enemy . Run thou , answered the Ass , that fearest being killed . As for my share , I need not concern my self ; for to whose lot soever I fall , I am still sure of carrying the Burden .

Men born to Slavery , need not be afrighted at changing their Masters , since they are not sure , but that they may shift for the better .

Nulla e il loco cangiar con sorte eguale .

FAB. XXXIII . The Wolf turned Shepherd .

IN a Forrest , near a large Pasture stocked with divers Flocks of Sheep , and heards of Cattle , there shelted an Antient Wolf , who by reason of his Age , was not so able to fetch in his Prey from that Neighbourhood as aforetimes ; he therefore contrived this subtil stratagem . He cloathed himself like a Shepherd , with a suit rightly fixt on his Body , a Hat upon his Head , and then walking upright on his hind Feet , he carried his Crook on his Shoulder ; nor wanted he his Bagpipes at his Girdle to be compleat in all respects . In this Equipage went out the Traytor to the Pasture , where he found the true Shepherd with his Dogs , and most of his Flock sleeping ; Then wanting a Device to draw the Sheep to the Woodside , he thought to have accommodated his voice to his Habit , intending to imitate the Shepherds Call , but that break the neck of his whole design ; for his shril Howl made the Woods and Hills eccho so loud , that it discovered the Mystery , allarming the Shepherd and his Dogs , by whom our Impostor was so vigorously pursued , that being hindred in his flight by his New Accoutrements , he was soon taken and lost his life .

For him that is a Wolf , 't is safest acting as a Wolf. And so the French saying is .

Quiconque est Loup , agesse en Loup , C'est le plus cartain de beaucoup .

For the Italians say , Non puo la falsita star sempre occulta . Falshood cannot alwaies lye concealed .

FAB. XXXIV . The Woman that lamented her Husbands Death .

EXtreamly afflicted was a Young Woman at the Sickness of her Husband , whom the Doctors had given over as a Dead Man ; but the kind Father endeavored on this manner to comfort her . Do not take this loss so much to heart , my Dear Child , said he , for I have found out a handsom Man , to make thee another Husband ; one that I hope will soon Mitigate thy Grief , and blot this loss out of thy Mind . Ah Father ! answered this good Woman , let me intreat you not to mention another Husband to me , for as often as I hear you but name that word Husband , 't is like so many Stabs of a Dagger to my Heart . Presently after , so soon as her Husband was dead ; Father , said she , Blubbering and Crying , when will you bring me the handsom Husband , you told me you had found out for me ?

This showes that a Womans Grief for her Husband , lasts no longer than till the Breath be out of his Body .

FAB. XXXV . The Country-man and a Horse-man .

TO the City as a Country-man was traveling , with a Hare at his back to sell ; he met a Horse-man , who under pretence of buying it , poised it in his hand : and as he asked the price , claping Spurs suddainly to his Horse , he galloped full speed away . The Country-man seeing him at some distance , and his Hare past recovery , he called aloud after him , Ho Friend ! do you hear ; I present you with that Hare , pray eat her for my sake , and be merry with her ; but forget not to drink my Heath , who so frankly bestow her on you .

'T is good sometimes when a Disgrace or Mischief happens to us , if it be past all Remedy , to Dissemble and pass it off with a Iest , or with Laughter . Ridicule haec Homines , nequunt quae vendere donant .

FAB. XXXVI . The Old Wolf that found a Prey .

SO feeble was an Old Wolf grown , by reason of his Age , that he was no longer able to hunt for his Prey , nor were any of his former Comrades so kind to give him a share of theirs , but all drove him away , when he offered to come near them . This Distressed Wolf ranging alone about the Woods , found a dead Ox , on which he falling with a keen Appetite , the smell of it soon reached the Noses of the other Wolves , who came running to help him devour it . We , said they , fawning upon him , are your Old Friends , and come to bear you Company . 'T is well , cried the Antient Wolf , I have this Entertainment for you : For now ye are all my Companion and Friends , but before , ye cruelly beat me , and would own neither Kindred nor Friendship with me .

Wealth and Riches acquire us Friends , or rather Enemies under the Disguise of Friends , who will stick by us so long as they can propose to reap any Benefit or Advantage by us , but when that ceases , they shall not only desert us , but our very presence is offensive to them .

Donec eris Faelix multos numerabis Amicos , Nullus ad amissas ibit Amicus opes .

FAB. XXXVII . The Storks and the Kite .

TWo Storks had their Nest on a House Top , wherein they not only kept their Young ones , but also their aged Father and Mother . These perceiving , first by an extraordinary Smoak , and then by the appearance of Flame , that their House was accidentally set on Fire , and in danger of being burnt to the Ground . One of them took his Father upon his back , and carrying him down , left him in security , whilst the other made on the same manner a Flight with her Mother ; for which they were angrily upbraided by a Kite , who called them Wicked and Cruel , unworthy to have Children , and proceeded maliciously to tell them , they unnaturally exposed their Young to the Flames , when it was in their power to preserve them , while they were thus employed in carrying off those Skellitons of their old Parents , who were now but a Burden to Nature . I love my Children very well , reply'd the Stork , but I love those better who brought me into the Light of the World , for I may in time have other Children , but can never have another Father and a Mother .

'T is impossible to foresee all Accidents that may happen ; and it is great Prudence to endeavour to preserve what we have most value for , but especially that , which if lost can never more be recovered . God and Nature oblige us to prefer ▪ our Father and our Mother to any other thing in the World. These Storks are the great Example of Filial Duty to Parents ; and are reported not only to take care to nourish them in their old Age , but to pluck off from themselves their softest Feathers to make their Nests easie for them . Cimon the Famous Athenian , to ransom his Father , thrust himself into a Goal , where , when he was loaded with Chains and Fetters , he boasted he had never before enjoyed so great a pleasure . Another remarkable instance of this kind , is that of Alexander the Great , who going to make War against Darius King of Persia , left Antipater an Assistant to his Mother , to help her Govern the Kingdom of Macedonia in his absence ; but whether or no she managed affairs with the Prudence she ought to have done , or that she inclined to favour some other Person more than himself , Antipater was often writing long Letters to Alexander , complaining of the Disorders which happened by her ill Conduct : But as that incomparable Monarch , was on a time reading one of those Letters , in presence of his Dear Friend Hephestion . Antipater , said he , ( expressing great Tenderness ) does not know , that one Tear of my Mothers is sufficient to cancel all the Complaints , and Accusations of every one of his long Letters . Words which ought to be engraved in indelable Characters on the Hearts of Children , who have any pretence of Complaint against their Parents . Li Padri , e le Madri non sono d' alcuna cosa obligati a li Figliuoli , ed' essi per lo contrario tuto loro devono , poiche devono loro la vita . Parents , saies an Italian , are not for any thing obliged to their Children , but on the contrary , Children owe their all to them , since they owe them their Lives .

FAB. XXXVIII . Jupiter and the Tortois .

TO the Celebration of a great Wedding Iupiter invited all his Creatures ; amongst whom the Tortois was the Back wardest to make her appearance there . Iupiter wondring at her slowness , asked her the reason why she came not sooner to his Feast , having had such timely notice . I was very loath , answered she , to leave my dear sweet House . At which expression Iupiter in anger condemned her perpetually to carry her House with her on her Back .

Many men had rather fare poorly at home , than go abroad to the Invitation of Great Persons .

FAB. XXXIX . The Wolf and the Sheep .

BLeeding , tired and almost dead with Hunger , lay a miserable Wolf , that had been worryed by Dogs ; from whom he at last had thus narrowly escaped with Life . And seeing a Sheep near him , desired her for Charity to fetch him a little Water ; which , said he , if you will be so kind to do , I shall find victuals my self . But the Sheep guessing at the mischief of his Heart . Ay , said she , if I bring you Drink , you 'l make your Meal of my Flesh.

This shews how ready a Wicked Wretch is alwaies to betray the simple and well meaning Person .

FAB. XL. The Hares and the Foxes .

THe Hares not able to endure the continual Depredations which the Eagles practised amongst them , in times of Peace ; resolved to declare war against them ; but sent before-hand to the Foxes to make a Confederacy with them , hoping to bring in them to their Assistance . But the Foxes declined it , returning their Answer , that they would gladly have joyned with them in this War , Did we not , said they , know very well who you are , and against whom you fight .

Those who fight against others more powerful than themselves , must valiantly resolve to quit all thoughts of their own safety .

FAB. XLI . The Serpent that complained to Jupiter .

A Serpent having been trod on by several Persons , complained of it to Iupiter , who thus answered him . Had you but stung the First that set his Foot upon your Back , a Second durst not have offended you .

He who at first justly resents an injury , becomes respected afterwards by others , who will be careful not to offend him . Chi facile perdona , ingiuria aspetta .

FAB. XLII . The Mouse , the Frog , and the Kite .

NOt being able to cross a Brook by any contrivance of his own , a Mouse was forced to apply to a Frog for assistance in the enterprise , who readily granted his request , promising him a safe passage , but maliciously designed to drown him by the way ; And that you may the more securely go , said the Frog , we 'l tye your Foot to mine , and I swimming shall give you a gentle tow along , by which you will soon get over . The Mouse giving Credit to his fair Words suffered their Feet to be fastened together . But when they were got into the middle of the Stream , the treacherous Frog began to dive , thinking to drown the unwary Mouse , who there laboured with all his strength to keep himself still floating on the surface of the Water . Now whilst this Contention lasted , a Kite that had espied them , came down suddenly on them , and caught the Mouse who was uppermost , carrying him into the Air , together with the Frog hanging at his Foot , and there tearing them in pieces , eat them both .

Many thinking to do mischief to others , happen at last to destroy themselves .

Tal' hor prima a se nuoce , un ch' altri offendi . He hurts himself , who others does offend .

FAB. XLIII . The Hermit and the Souldier .

BY a pious Hermit was a Souldier exhorted to leave off Fighting , and that lewd course of Life which he had so long followed , and for the future to attend the service of God. The Souldier thanked him , and promised to take his good Advice ; For indeed Souldiers , said he , now in times of Peace , are but ill looked upon , badly paid , and debarred the Liberty of Plundering ; so that it is become a Trade not worth the following .

Many leave off Vice , because they are not permitted the exercise of it .

FAB. XLIV . The Shipwrecked Athenian .

A Wealthy Merchant of Athens going a Voyage to Sea with many other Persons ; the Ship in a terrible Storm being forced on a Lee Shore , was stranded and staved all in pieces ; many of the Sea men and Passengers perishing in the Wreck . But the Athenian invoking the assistance of his Goddess Minerva , promised to Offer at her Shrine in her Temple , six hundred Staters of Gold if she preserved him from the Threatning Danger ; and seeing a Sea-man by him , who swam well , Friend , said he , pray be so kind to lend a hand also with Minerva for the helping me to Shore .

They who are faln into Distress , when they invoke God's assistance , must also exert their own Endeavours .

FAB. XLV . The Horse , the Bull , the Dog , and the Man .

IN the sharpest time of all the Winter , a Horse , a Bull , and a Dog being ready to perish with cold , came to a Man's House , who receiving them kindly made them a Fire to warm and refresh them ; Then fed the Horse with Provender , the Bull with Hay , and to the Dog he gave Meat from his own Table . Which generous Hospitality , they were so desirous to acknowledge , that they agreed to gratifie him with a part of their Lives , to add to his . The Horse bestowed on him his first years ; therefore is every one so precipitate , and haughty . The middle of his Life the Bull presented him with , which makes him so laborious , endeavouring to gather Riches . And the Dog was content to give him his latter years , for which reason man towards the close of his Life , becomes so Morose , and surly ; loving none but those who are feeding him , and presenting him with good things , and those only he caresses and flatters ; but against such as are not kind to him , he is continually snarling and barking .

So base and low spirited men when grown old , only love those who are feeding and treating them .

FAB. XLVI . The Plowman and his Oxen.

ONe morning betimes as a Plowman was going into his Stable , he found his Oxen very merry ; Of which he asking the reason . It is , answered they , because we dream'd last night , that you carried us out to feed in a large and Fruitful Pasture . And I dream'd , said he , that I was to Plow with you all this Day . So that my Dream will prove true , and yours false .

There is no credit to be given to Dreams , especially when they seem to thwart the Designs of those Persons who have a full Liberty of Disposing of us at their Pleasure .

FAB. XLVII . The Cock , the Ass , and the Lion.

THe Cock and the Ass feeding together , a Lion came to seize the Ass , which the Cock perceiving , crowed aloud to give him notice of it , at which shrill noise , the Lion being affrighted ran away , for so 't is said the Lion alwaies dreads a Cock's Voice . But the Ass thinking he had fled for fear of him , pursued the Lion , who ran very far , till looking back , and not hearing nor seeing the Cock , turned furiously upon the Ass , and devoured him . The Ass crying with a lamentable voice , as he was dying . O Fool and Unfortunate ! that knowing my self not to be of a Valiant and Couragious Race , should thus madly engage against so powerful an Enemy .

Many men out of design , counterfeit Fear till they find an opportunity to fall upon their Enemies and destroy them .

FAB. XLVIII . The Boar and the Fox .

AGainst a great Stone as a Boar was whetting his Tusks , he was asked the reason of it by a Fox , since , said he , there is no Enemy nigh , nor any thing whereon to exercise them . This I do , answered the Boar , that when I shall have occasion to fight or any way to use them , I may not then be employed in whetting my Tusks , but have them in a readiness .

This admonishes us to endeavour to be prepared against Accidents that may happen to us .

Provedi anzi ch' ei venga , al tuo bisogno . Provide against thy wants before they come .

FAB. XLIX . The Eagle and the Fox .

THe Eagle and the Fox had contracted a Friendship together , and to make it the more lasting , they agreed to dwell near one another . The kind Eagle left the Rock where she was accustomed to build , and made her Nest in a high Tree , beneath which , the Fox had lodged her Cubbs among certain Bushes . But this perfidious Eagle on a time wanting food for her Young , and knowing the Fox was abroad seeking his prey , she without regard to her plighted Faith , and Friendship , flew down to the shrubs , and seizing the Young Foxes , carried them all up to the Nest ; where she with her hungry Brood devoured them . The Fox returning at night , and missing those for whom she had been making provision , was infinitly afflicted , easily concluding they had been taken away by her false Neighbour , and not able to revenge her self , she being a terrestrial Creature , and her Enemy a valiant Towering Bird , she in the sorrow of her heart for her loss , cursed her cruel Enemy and invoked the Gods to punish the Treachery ; turning from thenceforward all her Love into mortal Hatred . Now it happened a few daies after , that as they were sacrificing a Goat to the God Pan in a Neighbouring Village , the Eagle snatched away a piece of the Flesh from the Altar , to which there hanging a Live Fire Coal , and she carrying it up into the Tree ; the Coal quickly set the Nest on Fire , being all made of Straw , Sticks , and other combustible matter . So soon therefore as the young Eagles began to feel the Heat , and not being yet perfectly able to fly , they fell down to the Ground , where they were all seized with great eagerness by the Fox , who without any pity , eat them in sight of their afflicted Mother .

Those who break Friendship and their Solemn Faith , tho the Persons injured cannot revenge themselves upon them , yet they seldom escape the Iudgement of God. Nor could the Eagle , for this action , have any pretence , of Motherly Charity , for preserving the Lives of her Young , since she should rather have chosen to have died with all her Brood , than have committed so base a Breach of Faith against a Friend . Thus we may see that Aesop in this Apologue , has made Divine Vengeance to follow the Eagles sin of Perfidiousness . The Fox's Cries moved the Anger of the Gods , who permit the very Nest to be burnt , and her young ones striving to save themselves from the Flames , fall down into the Iaws of their Enemy . The Italian saies , Vindice e Dio del Guisto a torto offeso . God will revenge the Innocent when wrong'd .

FAB. L. The Hares that were afraid without Cause .

A Tempestuous Wind rattling amongst the Trees of a Tall Wood , so affrighted the Hares , Inhabitants of the Shrubs there ; that in great Terror , they ran to save themselves , till they came to a broad Marish or Lake , where their Consternation was encreased by their Danger of Drowning . But observing certain Frogs on the side thereof , who at the Hares approach , leaped into the Water for fear of them . One of the Antientest of the Hares , more prudent and of greater experience than the rest , calling aloud . Friends , said he , let us take Courage , since we see these Frogs are without cause affraid of us , as we perchance , with as little reason are of the Wind. For I perceive all Creatures are subject to Dangers and Troubles , of which they are alwaies in fear . But we have nimble Feet and Cowardly Hearts , Let us then return and despise these seeming Dangers , for when we shall have just cause , it will then be time enough to run .

We should be of good Courage in all our Exegencies , for Vertue falls and dies , without a proper Stock of Confidence , which is the Queen and Conductress of all Vertues .

FAB. LI. The Old Dog and his Master .

IN vain a Dog grown very Old , was by his Master encouraged still to Hunt , being by reason of the Feebleness of his Limbs unable to run as formerly , and when with difficulty he caught a Hare , his want of Teeth gave her an opportunity to escape from him ; For which his Master chiding and beating him , Alas Sir ! cryed the Dog , I hoped you would have pardoned me that am grown Ancient , and would have called to mind the good services I have done , when strong and Brisk . But I find nothing is regarded when it brings not in a present Profit with it . You have loved me while I was vigorous and able to serve you , why should you forget your past Friendship , and treat me thus cruelly in my Old Age ?

This Fable shows that only the present Advantage is esteemed , and former Services soon forgot .

FAB. LII . The Crow and the Dog.

UPon a Solemn Day , a Crow offering Sacrifice to Minerva , invited a Dog to Dinner , who falling into discourse with her , took occasion to ask her why she would sacrifice in vain ? For you know , said he , the Goddess hates you , insomuch that she will not allow you any Credit with the Augurs . For that reason , said the Crow , I Sacrifice , hoping to appease her Anger , that I may be reconciled to her .

Many take occasion , and therein act prudently , to do Services to their Enemies striving by that means to be reconciled to them . Qui vincere Adversarium ex tuto cupit , beneficiis & gratia certet bona . The Italian , Poet saies , — Contra il Possent , il Debil perde , E l' humiltade ogni durezza doma . He wisely acts who with Great men complies ; The weakest , thus by yielding , gain the Prize .

FAB. LIII . The Master and his Servant .

ONe having a Servant not over quick-witted , was wont to call him King of the Fools , who stomaching the Disgrace , I would I were so , said he once roundly to his Master ; For I should be a great King , over a Numberless People , and you would be one of my Subjects .

Stultorum plena sunt omnia . The World is full of Fools .

FAB. LIV. The Monkey and the Walnuts .

A Monkey seeing a Walnut-tree well stored with Green Nuts , was curious to know the Name and Goodness of the Fruit , and being told that those Nuts contained Kernels of an excellent and delightful tast , he began to be pleased with the Thoughts of eating them , but was puzzled to find out a way to get to them , for the Tree was large , and the Body high before there were any Boughs to lay hold on . He was therefore at last forced to go to the next Village , where finding a long Ladder , he with great labour , dragged it to the Tree , and with no less Toil and Industry raised it , so that with infinite satisfaction , he climbed up . There taking a Nut , he bit it entirely through the outward green Rind , the shell , and the kernel , and tasting the Bitterness of the Peel , threw it aside as Bad , or not ripe ; but when he had tried several others , and found none of any pleasanter tast , all proving as bitter as the first , he threw them down in great anger , ne'r troubling himself further in search of the Kernels . At which disappointment , after he had a while vexed and fretted himself : Ah! cursed be they , cried he , who first showed me these filthy Nuts , they who praised them to me , and encouraged me to take all this Trouble to gather , and to eat them : For in all the daies of my Life , I never underwent so much Toil and vexation , and yet have spent all my time and pains to no Profit . Thus the sweet they made me believe I should find in this Fruit is in all respects turned to Bitterness . And when he had for sometime vented , on this manner , his rage , he went away .

We must not leave off a Work well begun , though there appear some Difficulty in the accomplishing it , but must withal well consider the End that is to crown the Work , which if often thought on , will help us to undergo the Labour and Trouble , with more Pleasure and Chearfulness .

Dulcia non meruit qui non gustavit amara . He tasts no Ioy , who never sorrow knew .

And the Spanish saying is , Por la persuerancia en la virtud se alcanca el Premio . By our Perseverance in vertue we gain the Prize .

FAB. LV. The Dog , the Ass , and their Master .

OFten would a little Dog be fawning and leaping on his Master , expressing also with his voice a joy to see him , who kindly stroaked , and made much of him , and the Servants also shewed a tenderness of him ; which mutual Carresses being observed by an Envious Ass , he complained of the severity of his Fortune : For it seemed to him an unjust thing , that the Dog with so much Affection should be treated by all the Family , be fed at his Masters Table , and spend his Life in that Ease and Pleasure ; whilst himself must be kept in 〈◊〉 Slavery carrying heavy Burdens , and yet 〈…〉 by every Body . But when he 〈◊〉 that the Dog by his Fawning , had 〈◊〉 his Masters Love , he intended also to practice the same Art , which he saw was of so great Advantange , and might be so easily performed ; wherefore he resolved to 〈…〉 , by the same measures the Dog had and to see if the event would prove as successful as he conceited it would . So soon then as his Master came home , he ran to him , and raising up his Body , he struck his 〈◊〉〈◊〉 upon the Good Mans Head , and began to bray , in imitation of the Dogs noise ; which forcing his Master to cry out , allarmed the Servants , who coming in and seeing him thus assaulted , fell severely on the poor Ass with their Cudgels , and discourag'd him , for ever attempting to play the Courtier after that bout .

No Man should undertake that which is not proper for him to do , and what he knows is contrary to his Nature . This Fable was related by Galen , in the Disputation against Julian . Ne affectemus ea quae Natura negavit , neve obtrudamus invitis officia nostra .

Ex quovis ligno non fit Mercurius . Every Clown is not fit to be made a Courtier .

FAB. LVI . The two Hogs .

IT angrying a Country-man to see his two Hogs often fighting together , he killed one of them ; Then was the Surviver pleased to see his old Adversary dead ; But soon after finding himself also carryed to the Slaughter , all his Mirth was turned to Sorrow . To what purpose alas , cryed he then , did I so much rejoyce at my Enemies Destruction , since I my self must also now suffer the same Fate .

No man should be glad at the Death of his Enmy , for Death is common to all .

FAB. LVII . The Rich Man and the Tanner .

NEar a Tanners Yard came a Rich Man to Dwell ; but he , not able to endure the ill smell of the Hides , urged the Tanner to remove further off ; who often promised to go , but still delayed it , and continued there so long , till the Rich Man being accustomed to that ill Scent , it was not offensive to him .

Long Custom makes that easie to be born with , which at first seemed insupportable . Usus secunda natura . Which the Italians express .

Uso si converte in Natura .

FAB. LVIII . The Shepherd and careful Dog.

IN the driving his Flocks into their Fold , a Shepherd had like to have shut up a disguised Wolf with them , mistaking him for a Sheep ; if the careful Dog had not discovered the Cheat , and calling to his Master ; How can you think , said he , to preserve your Flocks , if you suffer this Wolf to be enclosed among them ?

A Vigilant Servant may perceive a threatning Mischief , which a Prudent Master may probably oversee .

FAB. LIX . The Dolphins , the Whales , and a Herring .

THe Dolphins and the Whales adjusting some differences betwixt them ; a contest arose by some of the most violent on either side , which was carried to such a Pitch , that there seemed eminent danger of a War like to break out between those two powerful Marine Species . When a Herring who had observed the whole Transaction , rising up where the Matter was in hottest debate , and putting her self in the midst of them , endeavoured with all her strongest reasons to pacifie both sides , and prevent the effusion of Blood. To whom one of the Dolphins calling in a Passion , Cease thou contemptible Fish , said he , leave off thy impertinent Discourse , for know that it were better , and less dishonourable , for us all generally to perish in the decision of this Controversie , than be made Friends by thy Mediation and Counsel .

Thus some inconsiderable Men will be medling in affairs above their Sphere , for which they often meet with a disgraceful reproof .

FAB. LX. The Cock that betrayed the Fox .

GReat Havock was made by a Fox amongst a Country-mans Hens ; who , to revenge the Injury , set up a Snare wherein he caught the Fox . Now the only witness of this his Enemies misfortune , was the Cock , as he was passing by him ; the Fox therefore beged him , to be so charitable to fetch a Knife , that he might cut the snare , or prayed him at least not to declare to his Master this mischief befaln him , till he had tryed to gnaw in pieces the strings with his Teeth . The false Cock promised to grant him his whole request , but with no intent to keep his Faith with him , for he ran directly to his Master , and acquainted him with the Foxes being taken . This News made the Man arm himself with a good Club , and come in hast to attack his old subtil Enemy ; who seeing him aproach with all that fury : Oh Wretch that I am ! cryed he , was I not a great Fool , to believe the Cock would ever be faithful to me , after I had done him the injury to deprive him of so many of his beloved Wives and Mistresses ?

We should not promise our selves any good Offices , from those Persons whom we have injured : Altho some hold it for a Maxime , that he most obliges another , who gives him opportunities of doing it .

FAB. LXI . The Hinds and the Panther .

CErtain Country Hinds finding a Panther , who had long frequented the neighbours Woods and Fields , that by chance was falen into a Pit ; they with great malice joyned together against this distressed Creature who had never injured them , assaulting her with Clubs and Staves , and having poured down a Shower of Stones on her , these cruel Men left her , expecting to find her dead next day . But there happening to come by presently after , certain charitable Shepherds ; they had compassion on her , gave her Bread , and used their endeavours to preserve her alive , finding her so miserably treated and ready to expire : By which kindness , when at night she had recollected her languishing Spirits , making a very brisk leap , she escaped out of the Pit , and with joy hasted to her own dwelling . After some days , when she had recovered strength , she sallied abroad out of the Forest , & made large Incursions into the Enemies Territories , committing great slaughter amongst their Cattle , revenging her self of those wicked Countrymen , and striking a terrour where e're she came . Then were the kind Shepherds also affraid , even those who had formerly shewed her pitty in her Adversity ; and would gladly have compounded with her , at the loss of all they had , to have their lives saved . But she being discreet & of a grateful nature ; No , said she , I remember well enough who they were that threw stones at me , and who fed me with Bread : Be not you therefore afraid , for I am only an Enemy to those barbarous Hinds who treated me so cruelly when I lay at their mercy , tho I had never injured them , but dwelt peaceably amongst them , and alwaies used them as my Friends .

Kind and charitable Acts to Persons in distress , seldom fail of a suitable return ; Solet a dispectis par referri gratia . And another Author saies . Parce miseris & in mala praecipitatis , ne fortuna instaurata , accepta damna & contumelias ulciscantur .

FAB. LXII . The Country-man and the Flies .

IN Summer time a Country man that was vexed with abundance of Flies , snatched up in anger a Fire brand , and with it went about all parts of his House to kill , or drive them out . But whilst he thus eagerly pursued them from place to place , he carelesly scattering some sparks , set on fire certain combustible matter , by which the House was quite burnt down to the ground .

This shews that there are Men who striving madly to ease themselves of some small grievance , run themselves head-long into inevitable ruin . According to that of Plato .

〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉 . Fumum fugients in ignem delabi .

To the same purpose , they relate another Fable ; that a Servant seeing a Fly on his Masters Fore-head , & fearing it might be offensive to him , thought to kill it with a Hammer which he had in his hand ; and struck at it with so good a Will , that with the blow , he dasht out his Masters brains .

FAB. LXIII . The Hound and the other Dogs .

THo a Hound that had caught a Hare was very hungry , he would needs carry it home , to boast of it amongst his Fellows ; and there as he was setting forth the great swiftness of his runing to catch her , the Mastifs , and other Dogs belonging to the House , layed hold of this Boasters Prey , tare her in pieces before his Face , and eat her .

'T is Prudence to keep our good things to our selves ; Altho he was in the right , who said , Nullum esse usum occultae musicae .

But , Tacitus pasci si posset Corvus , haberet Plus Dapis , & multo Rixae minus Invidiaeque . Could but the Crow suppress his clamorus voice , He 'd feast less envyed , and with lesser noise .

FAB. LXIV . The Frogs and Flags .

ON the side of a Lake , there had dwelt for many years a Family of Frogs , among certain Flags and Herbs , which they had carefully preserved as their Houshold Gods and Protectors , and ever kept them entire . Now in process of time , the Posterity of these Frogs being young , perverse , and wanton , began to crop the tender Buds of the Flags , destroying those who had been their Lares . Which injury the young Flags taking very heinously , often civilly entreated them to forbear spoiling and ruining their Friends , who had been alwaies so religiously kept , and reverenced by their Ancestors . But when all entreaties could nothing avail , and that the Frogs derided them , alledging , that tho their Ancestors knew not how to make use of their own , yet we , said they , do . The Flags then calling both the Divine and Humane Powers to witness , openly declared the execrable violence which their Foster-Children the Frogs , had with confirmed minds exercised against them . For which , the just vengeance of Heaven was not long absent , and the wicked cruelty of this ungrateful Generation was quickly turned upon their own heads ; For the Flags were no sooner eaten up , and the place become bare , but these Frogs were espyed , and lay wholly exposed , as well to the Birds and Fowls of the Air , as to the Serpents and Snakes inhabiting the Lake , by whom they were all in a short time devoured .

The old Constitutions and Customs of Ancestors , are not despised and broken by a foolish Posterity , but with their certain ruin . And therefore a wise Man being asked , How such a great Common-wealth was so soon run down , and come to nothing ? Because , answered he , they set up Young and Rash Statsmen , who kept not to the Wise Laws , & Methods , of their Fore-fathers .

FAB. LXV . The Lion , the Cow , the Goat , and the Sheep .

IN a Friendly manner did a Lion seem to invite a Cow , a Goat , and a Sheep to hunt with him , voluntarily promiseing them , that what Game soever were taken , should be equally divided amongst them . They went out to their Sport , ran down a Hart , and quartering it , each of the Companions stood eagerly expecting to receive his share , which put the Lion into a rage ; I said he , with a terrible voice , take the first part as your King ; the second I claim as being strongest and most valiant ; the third is my due , as a small reward of all my Pains and Trouble ; and he that shall presume to refuse me the fourth share , I here declare him my Enemy . His Companions hearing this , without dareing to murmur , went hungry away .

This Fable advises every one who is to associate , or joyn in Partnership with others , that it be with his Equals , and not with those that are too far above him ; for though the Labour and Toil may fall to the poor Mans share , it is the Rich and great Person that shall receive the profit ; Nor will he regard Honour , or the keeping Faith with one who wants Ability to right himself . Multa dissimulare , multaque tolerare eos necesse est , qui in Principum versantur aulis ; neque hos tantum , verumetiam tenuioris fortunae Homincs , qui Ditiorum Consuetudine utuntur . They must dissemble many things , and suffer many , who dwell in the Courts of Princes ; and not they only , but such as are of slender Fortunes , and frequent the Company of rich Men , they must also truckle , and submit to the same . For the Poet gives good advise .

Pauper agat caute , caveat maledicere pauper : Multaque Divitibus non patienda feret .

The Spaniards say , Nunca es fiel ni y gual la particion que se haze entre mayores y menores . A true dividend can never be made between great Men , and poor Men.

FAB. LXVI . The Shepherd , the Shepherdess , and the Worms .

A Shepherd and Shepherdess that for some years had lived together in a most happy Union , and with unspeakable content , were separated in an instant by the Death of that incompatable Woman ; who sleeping on the Grass , was kill'd by the biting of a Serpent . The sorrowful Shepherd having even to excess lamented his Misfortune , built a Tomb wherein he laid her : On which he let not a Day pass , without strewing the sweetest Herbs and Flowers : and took so great care of it , that he suffered not any kind of Creature to come near it , for fear of defacing it . One day as he was treading on the Worms , which crept out of the Grave , as his custom was , he heard certain mournful Groans issuing out from thence ; which made him listen more attentively , and hear these Word . Curteous Shepherd , be not so Cruel to Her , whom thou didst once so dearly Love ; Those Worms thou killest , thinking to do a kindness to me , are a part of my self , which if thou wilt not believe , raise up with thy hand the Stone that covers me , and thou wilt be convinced of it . The Shepherd thereupon , lifting up the Stone , saw innumerable Worms creeping from her Face and Body , and heard the same voice continue to say ; forget what I have formerly been : but remember that thou thy self shalt 'ere long be what thou now seest I am He was so touched with those her last Words , that neglecting his Flocks , he , for the future , ever fixed his chiefest thoughts on Death , and from that Object would seldom remove them .

This shews that none are exempt from dying . That Death hides himself the better to surprize us . That they may be said to love even after Death , who loved truly when alive . That the loveliest Body will turn to Putrifaction , and at last to Worms . The frequent thoughts we have of Death , makes it the less dreadful , and us the less fearful of it . Our best Meditation is on Death , for the thoughts of that , are capable to teach us how to live well . Francis the first , Duke of Britany , finding himself near Death , in the very Flower of his Age. My Dear Friends , said he , to his Courtiers . You saw me a few daies since cloathed in Purple , sitting in Majesty on my Throne , reverenced by all the Great Men of my Court , and loaded with all the Honours which could be desired , and yet in a short time I shall be nothing but a little Dust ; and therefore , I advise you all to settle your Thoughts on that approaching day , which shall e'er long put a period to this our frail Life .

FAB. LXVII . The Flea and the Camel.

PRoud was a silly Flea on the back of a loaded Camel , to see the Laborious Beast take such pains , as she supposed to carry her ; And coming at Night to their journeys end , the Flea allighted down in the Inn , and standing before him . Now , said he , I have done kindly in coming from thy back , because I would not grieve thee , by keeping thee loaded any longer time . No , answered the Camel , but I rather think the Gods , that when thou gettest upon me I am not more loaded , neither when thou dismountest from my back , I am at all the more eased .

Many who are neither capable of doing Pleasure or Injury to great Men , will be thus over valuing themselves ; for which they afterwards become dispised . Algunos no son nada y querense estimar en mucho . Every little fellow would fain be thought great .

FAB. LXVIII . The Answer of Socrates to his Neighbours .

SOcrates the admirable Athenian Philosopher building himself a very little House , was asked by some of his inquisitive Neighbours , How so great a Man as He , could be content to dwell in so narrow a Place ? I wish , answered the Philosopher , I were able to fill it with true Friends .

Vulgare amici nomen , saies Phaedrus , sed rara fides . The name of Friend is common , but the Fidelity rare . And of Socrates further saies , Cujus non fugio Mortem si Famam adsequar , &c. Whose Death I could be contented to suffer , might I acquire his Fame : And I could yield to the violence of Envy as he did , to be accounted innocent after I am dead . Fidelem ubi invemias virum ?

FAB. LXIX . The Dragon , the Leopard , and the Unicorn .

TO end an old Grudg , a fierce young Leopard resolved to try the hazard of a Combat with a Dragon , but at the first brush found himself not able to cope with him ; whereupon he retreating , went to a Unicorn and beged his help . For thou said he , art valiant and fightest with admirable skill ; I therefore entreat thee to vindicate me against this insolent Dragon that has so often affronted me . The vain Unicorn being proud to hear himself thus commended ; Thou hast given , said he , a true Character of me , who am an Experienced Warrior , and shall soon revenge thee on thy Adversary ; for when the Dragon shall open his Mouth , I 'l strike my Horn into his Throat , and kill him . Afterwards when these Enemies met , the Leopard giving the first On-set , was quickly worsted ; but then the Unicorn advancing , aimed to push his Horn into the Mouth of the gaping Dragon , who moving aside his Head , the Unicorn missed him , and ran his Horn into the Ground , from whence before he could pluck it out , he was slain .

'T is folly for any one to trust too much to his Manhood , and madness to fight in a Quarrel that belongs not to him . Engage not , saies a learned Man , to be Second to another , neither blow thou the Coals amongst those who are at Variance , but when Discord and Quarrels are begun by others , 't is sure the greatest Honour for thee , if Reconciliation come by thy means . `T is a good caution the old English Poet gives .

He that for odir men gladly wyl fighte , Ys oftyn confondid tho he have grete might .

FAB. LXX . The Lion and the Man travelling together .

TWo Fellow Travellers , a Lion and a Man chatting on the Road together , to pass away the tediousness of their Journey , happened upon a dispute of their Strength and Courage , wherein each boasted to have an advantage over the other ; till walking by the Ruins of a Magnificent Structure , they saw an admirable piece of Workmanship on a large Table of Marble , where most skillfully was represented in Basso Relievo , a Man strangling a Lion ; the Man then turning to his Companion , what think you now my Friend ? said he , does not this plainly convince you that a Man is stronger than a Lion . Your argument , replyed the Lion , seems I confess , to have some weight in it : But had the Lions their Statuaries and Painters as Men have , you would see in Paintings and in Marble , more Men kill'd by Lions , than Lions strangled by Men.

Every one will do what he can to favour his own cause ; But methinks the Allegory of this Fable , seems most to reprove the vanity of many Sculptures , which contain far more flattery in them than Truth , and are too frequent even in our Age , that we looking on those high Marks of Pride , might reasonably ask with how much mony were those Artists corrupted for their raising up such Ostentatious Monuments ? And what is said of Sculptures may likewise be understood of Poets , Painters , and all others who undertake to transmit great Mens Actions to Posterity . Oh! the Chymeric Exploits , the Imaginary Vertues , and false remarks pompously displayed in some Mens Poems , and in the Paintings , Statues , and ingenious Sculptures of others , which would astonish any to consider them . Nor are these the only Persons who make it their Business to enlarge upon Truth , but even the Historians who make Profession of the greatest Sincerity , are not ashamed to stuff up their Volums with Panegyric Discourses , and false Relations which are often too plainly visible , by their great Discord , and clashing one against another .

FAB. LXXI . The Trifler , or Delayer .

AMong certain Guests at a Feast , one had placed himself so near the Fire , that the lowest part of his Garment was beginning to be Scorched , which another Person who sate by him observing . Sir , said he , I have some thing to tell you ; If , answered the first , it be any thing that is sad , I will not hear it , till after Supper , where all things ought to be delightful and merry . It is not very pleasant , added the second ; When we rise from hence then , replyed the first , we may at leasure attend serious matters . After they had with great mirth ended the supper ; Now , said the Delayer , you may say what you please . The other told him of the Damage he had suffered by sitting too near the Fire , and shewed him his Garment very much Burnt and Spoiled . This extreamly displeased him , that he had not had more timely notice of it . I had acquainted you , replyed the ingenious Guest , when it first began to be burnt , but you forbad me , because your Method was 〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉 . After Feasting , business .

This is intended for a Reproof to those Triflers , who had rather hear of any idle Fancy , than of Business : and will rather hazard the loss of all they have , than be interrupted in their Pleasures . 〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉 . Vnseasonable Pleasure ever brings damage with it .

FAB. LXXII . The Ass carrying an Image .

THrough the streets of a City , as an Ass was carrying a Golden Image on his back , he took notice that as many as passed by him , made their adoration towards him on their bended knees ; whereupon supposing all this honour paid to him , he was puffed up with an insolent Arrogance , and resolved no longer to own himself an Ass ; till he felt the smarting blows of his Drivers Cudgel upon his Buttucks , & heard him say . Oh ridiculous Fool ! 't is not thou that art the God , but thou carriest Him on thy back whom they Worship .

He who obtains an Office , straight forgets he is a Man . Arrogancia oculum mentis obnubilat , Saies a learned Man , Vel excaecat , ut nec seipsum agnoscere valeat . Pride does so much dazle , or rather darken the Eye of the mind , that it makes a Man not able to know himself .

Nec te collaudes nec te culpaveris ipse : Hoc faciunt stulti quos gloria vexatinanis . Cato .

FAB. LXXIII . The Tortois and the Eagle .

TO a great Flock or Company of Birds of all sorts , was this generous proposal made by a Tortois , who happened to be in the very middle of a place , where they were holding a Conference . If any of you , said she , will take the pains to carry me up into the Air , I 'l make you Masters of an immense Treasure ; for I will discover to you the shells which contain rich Pearls in them , and the places where all the precious stones lye ready to be picked up , that are of inestimable value ; but cannot do this thing of my self , by reason of my slow motion . The Birds listening to this noble Offer , very joyfully accepted it , with their general thanks ; and begged the Eagle to carry her up ; which being consenting to , this dull Creature was mounted aloft into the Air as she desired , and there was urged by him , to shew where the Shels and all those pretious Gems lay , which she had undertaken to discover ; but the Tortois not able to perform her promise , was by the Eagle angrily griped in his sharp tallons . She then lamenting , Ah , cryed she , I had never suffered these Torments , had I not been ambitious to be carried up out of my proper Element . Which words when the Eagle heard , he loosing his gripe , let her fall down on the Ground , whereby this Ambitious Creature was kil'd and broak in pieces , whose body had been so strongly guarded and fortified by Nature .

We ought not to aim at things which are out of our Sphere , nor undertake by idle pretences to do what we are no waies capable to perform . A Spanish Author saies , Que cada uno sea contento del estado que la Natura le dio , porque la sovervia pocas vozes va o lega a buen fin , mas antes para Cayda . Let every one be content in the state which Nature placed him in , for Pride very rarely comes to a good end , but for the most part has its fall . And their old Proverb saies , Agran Subida , gran Descendida . To a great Rise , must be a great Descent .

FAB. LXXIV . The Lark and her Young Ones

AT the near approach of Harvest time , a Lark that was breeding up her unfledged young in a Corn-field , gave them this charge ; That whilst she went abroad to fetch home their Meat , they should carefully listen if they heard any Discourse of cutting down the Corn ; and give her an account of it , at her return at night ; for it concerned no less than their lives , to be very vigilant therein . Soon after , the Master of the Field came , and shewing his Son that the Corn was ripe and fit for cutting ; Go , said he , to morrow Morning by break of day , and desire all my Friends to lend me their helping hands , for the reaping and bringing in my Hearvest . The careful young Birds remembred to give their Mother a punctual account of all they had heard and seen ; who bad them ne're trouble themselves , nor fear they should receive any harm ; for nothing would be done , while he trusted to his Friends . The next day , the Mother went abroad again , and it proving good Harvest Weather , the Master expected those whom he had sent to invite , but nothing was done , for no Friend came . Well , said he to his Son , since my Friends are so negligent , go to my Kindred and Relations ; Entreat them to come to morrow Morning betimes to work at my Corn. The timerous Birds were again careful to relate every circumstance to their Mother , which they had observed . Well , said the Mother , we are secure enough yet , you may therefore set your minds at rest ; but still be sure to note diligently how they proceed , and what they conclude on . Next day the old Lark flew abroad as before , but then came the Good Man looking , tho in vain , for his Kindred and Relations , who likewise failing him . Well , to morrow said he to his Son , let there be two sickles brought for us two , and we with the help of our own Servants , will compleat the Work ; which resolution the Lark no sooner heard , but calling her young about her ; 'T is time , said she , now to look to our selves ; I must immediately carry you to some other place , for this Corn will certainly to morrow be reaped ; when he whose business it is , undertakes himself to dispatch it .

This Fable is eligantly written by A. Gellius , who as he there in his Noctes Altticae acknowledges , took it from Aesop ; It observes how backward and negligent we are in doing other Mens business : Whosoever therefore would have his Affairs dispatched with care and expedition , must Lay his own helping hand to the Work , and then he may expect to have it well performed . Ne quid expectes Amicos , quod tute agere posses .

FAB. LXXV . The Fox and the Ape .

THe Lion having obtained a Dominion over all the rest of the Beasts , issued forth His Royal Proclamation , commanding all those on pain of Death to depart the utmost limits of His Kingdom , who wanted the honour of their Tailes . The Fox affrighted at the severity of this Edict , packing up all he had , was preparing to go into Banishment ; which being observed by the Ape , who was upon her Journey in obedience to the Kings Pleasure ; she told him ; that the Penalty of the Edict could no wayes reach him , who not only had a Tail , but was so well furnished , that he was able to spare some part of it . That 's true , said the Fox , and I thank you for your kind information ; Yet how do I know , but that the Lion may reckon me amongst those Beasts who want Tails ?

He that is constrained to live under the Arbitrary Will of a Tyrant ; tho Innocent , yet happens very often to suffer amongst the Guilty .

Curi vita sub Tyranno agenda contigit , Insons licet sit , plectitur saepe ut nocens .

FAB. LXXVI . Demades the Orator , his Tale.

DEmades an Orator , and Rhetorician , the great Antagonist of Demosthenes , making a publick Oration in Athens , and observing a vast Croud of Auditors attentively listening to it , desired they would permit him to tell them a Tale ; which they readily consenting to , he thus began . The Goddess Ceres , a Swallow , and an Eel , having undertaken a Journey together , traveled till they came to a River , and as they were consulting how to cross it , the Swallow flew away , and left them ; the Eel seeing that , slid into the Water , and was seen no more . At which words he standing silent ; Well , demanded some that were present , but what became of Ceres ? Oh! replyed the Orator , she staid gazing about her , and loseing her time there , as many of you do here now , who neglect your proper business to listen after Tales , which concern you not .

Thus too many imprudent Persons are easily tempted to follow after vain Toyes and Pleasures , whilst their more necessary Occasions are totally neglected .

FAB. LXXVII . The Countryman and a Tree .

IN a Countrymans Garden grew a small Tree , which bearing no Fruit , only served as a place of shelter for the little Birds and Grashoppers to sit and sing in ; The Countryman therefore resolved to cut it down as unprofitable ; and taking his Hatchet began to chop it near the Root ; which the little Birds and Grashoppers seeing , begged him not to destroy it for their sakes , that they might still sit in it , and there delight both themselves and him with their Melodious Songs ; But he continuing obstinate in his first purpose , minded his hewing more than all their Prayers and Entreaties , till he cut deep into the body of the Tree ; which he found was hollow , and therein discovered a great nest of Bees , who had made in it a considerable quantity of Hony. This Prize , so soon as he had tasted , caused him to throw away his Ax , and when he had carried home all his Combes , he took an especial care to preserve the Tree , which he afterwards adored as sacred , in hopes of more Hony in time to come .

Men generally are not so readily enclined to do a just and noble Action , out of a Principle of Iustice and Honour , as for the sake of some Profit or Advantage that accrue to them by it . 〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉 . Ubi lucrum , contra naturam serviendum est .

FAB. LXXVIII . The Lion , and the Gnat.

THus arrogantly was a Princely Lion accosted by a brisk Gnat. Thou , said this little Creature , who unworthily usurpest the Title of King of the Beasts , what hast thou to boast of , besides thy huge Bulk , thy brutish Strength , and thy sharp Nailes , and Teeth ; with which thou fightest , biting and scratching like a Woman ; and on those generally shewest thy valour , who are weak and not able to resist thee ? Behold Me , a small Insect , yet of greater Courage and more true valour than thou Art ; and to make good what I say , I here challenge thee to the Combate , nor will I fall on thee basely , as thou for the most part dost treacherously on those whom thou makest thy prey ; but I shall first bid thee defiance by the sound of my own Trumpet . The Gnat had no sooner ended , but flew briskly humming round the careless Lion , and got , e're he was aware , into his Nostril , where she began to bite and torment him . Which smart , the Lion not able to endure , tare with his Paws his own Nose ; raging with great Fury , & at last threw and beat himself on the ground , where he lay roaring . The Gnat then looking upon him as conquered , came out , and with her Trumpet proclaimed her Victory . But as she thus flew triumphing about , by mischance she happened into a Spiders Webb ; where finding her self ready to be devoured ; Alas , cryed she , I , that have fought with , and vanquished the most noble and most valiant Creature of the World , am now to suffer Death by a Spider , one of the vilest of all Insects .

This shews , that tho some mean Men by their subtil Arts , may happen to be victorious over great Persons ; yet they may afterwards be worsted by others , of more inconsiderable degree than themselves . Non si puo haver l' occhio ad ogni cosa . Saies Petrach . We cannot fore-see every Danger . Fraudis , insidiarum et Perfidiae plena sunt omnia .

FAB. LXXIX . The young Lion that would fight with a Man .

AMongst other Precepts , which an old Lion taught his Son , he gave him an express charge never to engage in fight with a Man ; For he , said the Father , is a Creature , subtil , and not to be conquered . The young Lion heard this , but with no intention to observe it : For , some time after , when grown almost to his full bigness , and become sensible of his great strength and vigor ; he went out with a resolution to encounter a Man ; and seeing in a Field a pair of Oxen yoaked together , he came up to them , asking them if they were Men ? They satisfied him , they were not Men , but that a Man had laid that yoak upon their Necks . Leaving these , he espyed a Horse well Equipped in all his proper Caparisons , and tyed to a Tree by the reins of his Bridle ; Of him he demanded , Art thou a Man ? No Sir , answered the Horse , but I am subject to a Man and serve him . Travelling on , he saw by the side of a Wood , a Carpenter cleaving a Tree , to whom he running , Art thou , demanded the Lion , a Man ? I am so , answered he . Then , proceeded the other , will you fight me ? With all my heart , replyed the Man . But first , pray do me the favour to help pull this Tree in pieces for me , where you see the Iron Wedges sticking in it ; and afterwards we shall have leisure enough to fight . This the Lion readily undertook , and puting his Paws into the Clift , as the Man directed him , he began to pull with all his strength , whilst the Man with his Ax forced out the Wedges ; After which , the Tree suddainly closing , held the Lions Paws so fast , that he was no way able to get loose . The Man then whooping and hallowing , called to his Neighbours and Fellow Work-men for help , to kill the Lion : who seeing himself in this Exegency , recollected all his Forces , and giving a suddain spring , he drew out his Toes , but left his Nailes sticking fast in the Tree ; Then running with what speed he was able , home to his Father , and shewing his bloody Feet . Ah Father , cryed he , had I followed your prudent Admonitions , I had not thus unfortunately lost my Nailes .

By this Fable Young Persons are advised not only to obey their Parents , but to take the good Counsel of such as they are satisfied are of known Experience in the affairs of the World.

FAB. LXXX . The Boy that would not learn his Book .

NEither Whipping , nor Encouragement could avail , to induce a little Boy to learn his Book ; nay , so dull was he , that by all the Art and Industry his Master could use , he could not possibly teach him to know the first letter A ; for which when his School-fellows afterwards derided him , that he could not do so easie a thing as learn the letter A , being , as he alwaies seemed to them , so sensible a Boy in other matters . Do ye think , said the Boy , I could not learn A if I would ? Yes , easily enough , continued he , but when once I shall have learnt A , I must come to B , C , D , and to all the whole Generation of them , that I shall engage my self in an endless piece of Work , which I should never be able to go through with , and therefore think it best to stop at the Beginning .

We should not undertake any great enterprise , without making a full resolution to go through with it .

FAB. LXXXI . The Wolf and the Hog .

TOuched with remorse of Conscience was an old Wolf , for having a long time preyed upon the Sheep and Lambs of the whole Neighbourhood ; wherefore as a Penance for what he had done , he resolved to abstain from flesh a whole year , and all that time to feed on nothing else but on Fish. Now there passed but a few daies before this Wolf repented him of his rash Vow , longing for his wonted Food ; And seeing , once about supper time , a Hog run by him ; his chops watred at him , that he could not forbear pursuing him , and asking , what Creature art thou ? Who in a fear , answered , I am a Hog , belonging to a Countrymans Yard of the next Village . A Hog ? said the Wolf , surely a Hog is Fish , and laying hold on him , he devoured him .

A wicked Man can never persevere in an honest and vertuous Resolution . Male facere qui vult , nusquam non causam invenit . He who has a mind to do an ill thing , shall never want a fair pretence for it ; and the Proverb saies , Lupus pilos , non Aminum mutat . The Wolf may change his Hair , but never his ravenous Temper .

FAB. LXXXII . The Smith and his Dog.

IT heartily vexed an industrious Smith to observe , that all the while he was labouring at his Forge , his Dog should lye and sleep , and yet would carefully wake so soon as he heard his Master leave off hamering to go to eat ; For the Dog then expected a share of the Victuals as really due to him . But the Smith , one day looking with displeasure on him , Be gone , said he , thou lazy Cur , that art not fit to live ; for whilst I painfully work to get an honest Livelihood , thou spendest thy time sloathfully in some dark corner ; and no sooner do my chops begin to move , but thy sleepy Eye-lids are open ; thou waggest thy tail , comest fawning upon me , and expectest to share the fruits of my Toil.

Such lazy Persons as wholly depend on other Mens labors , and will not apply themselves to some vertuous Exercise , Study , or course of Living , can scarce deserve to have a subsistence amongst Men. Tale est Glutonum ac Lurconum genus , qui ex aliorum sudoribus otiose vivere non erubescunt ; illudque perpetuo obgannant , — Deus nobis haec otia fecit .

FAB. LXXXIII . The Wolf , and the fat Dog.

NEar the break of day , a Wolf meeting a Dog in the fields , asked him how he came to be so Fat , and in such good plight as he was ? I take care , answered the Dog , to keep my Masters House every night from disturbance ; and if I happen to discover a Thief , and interrupt his intended Mischief , my Master and all the Family make much of me , and give me my fill of good Meat and Bones . By these means I feed plentifully , sleep in a warm place under shelter , want no Drink , nor other Conveniencies , and spend my daies in Idleness ; Ah Brother , said the Wolf , would I knew how I might enjoy so happy a life ! That , without taking pains , I might lay me down at Night to sleep with my belly full . Well , said the Dog , if you desire to live thus in ease , and can but suppress a little , your ravenous Temper , come along with me and fear nothing , for I doubt not but to procure you my Masters favour . On this manner as the two Friends jogged on discoursing , the Day brake , and when it began to grow lighter , the Wolf observing the Dogs Neck , saw the Hair , and in some places the Skin , to be rubbed off . At this sight , his curiosity being moved , Brother , said he , what is it you wear about your Neck that leaves these unseemly Marks behind it ? To make me the Fiercer , answered the Dog , they chain me within all day , & let me loose at Bed-time , that I may go up and down the House and Yard in the Night , or sleep , when and where I please . The Wolf hearing this , Much good may it do you with your easie life , said he , but as for my part , I had rather enjoy my Freedom , tho I suffer some small Inconveniencies . For I go where I will , and have no chain to restrain me ; I take my ranges about the Fields , the Mountains and the Woods without controul . I feed on the choicest young of all the Flocks and Heards , and by my art and subtilty can avoid the Fury of Hunts-men , and of their Dogs . So fare you well , live in the happy enjoyment of your beloved Slavery ; whilst I go on in my old way , and still retain my old Freedom .

All the Treasures of the World are of no value , compared to a Mans Liberty ; for while he is in Servitude , or under Confinement , it takes away the real comfort and pleasure of the enjoyment of them . And yet he who boasts of the greatest Freedom , is subject in one respect or another . Who amongst us is not a slave to some Passion , or corporal Infirmity ? Every one submits to the Law of Nature , and to the Laws and Customs of the Country wherein he dwells ; and Death exercises his Dominion over all the World , so that it may not improperly be said ; There is none of us exempt from servitude .

FAB. LXXXIV . The Fishes that leaped into the Fire .

A Cook going about to fry some Fishes in Oyl , they unanimously agreed to jump out all together , in hopes they might escape choaking in that filthy Liquor , but leaping out of the Frying Pan , they all fell into the Fire ; then pitifully lamenting , Alas , cryed they , it had been a less cruel Death to have been suffocated in the Oyl , than to perish in this burning Flame .

We should take care that to avoid a present mischief , we run not our selves into somewhat more terrible .

FAB. LXXXV . The Judge who gave sentence against himself .

AN unruly Bull of a certain Magistrate , breaking out of his Pasture , came into another Field , and there kil'd a Countrymans Cow. The poor Man knowing the Judges Coveteous Temper , and how difficult it was to get a just satisfaction , from so unjust a Man , went to his House , and thus craftily put the Case to him . Sir , said he , My Bull leaping over into your Pasture , has so gored one of your Cowes with his Hornes , that she is since dead ; what Reparation will you please to order ? What less Reparation , said the Judg in a Passion , can you expect I should have , than that you pay me the full price of my Cow , or at least , that you give me your Bull to make good my loss ? Pardon , I beseech you , my Lord , my foolish Blundering , cryed the Countryman , for I mistook the matter ; it was your Bull , I should have said , that killed my Cow. Oh then , said this unjust Judg to the poor Man , The Case is altered .

There have been in the World such Ministers of the Law , as have set forth Mens Crimes in the blackest dye , and prosecuted Offenders with utmost rigor , whilst they themselves being guilty of the very same things , have passed unpunished : Who thought they had done a great piece of Iustice , in sending a poor pilfring Wretch to the Gallows , when , in the mean time , they devour Widows Houses , and eat up the Bread of Orphans : And who have gloryed in their zealous Execution of the Laws , for haveing punished some small Criminal faln into their Nets , yet they themselves have lived by Rapine , tho the Laws of the Country durst take no notice of them . They have punished Drunkards , & Adulterers , but wallowed privately in those very sins , and sometimes publickly too . Surely these mad Men never called to mind , that God judges none more severely than such as are Iudges of others , but omit to judge themselves for the same Crimes ; That are quick sighted to spy out other mens faults , but wink at their own : And that lay heavy Burdens on others , which they will not touch with their own little Fingers .

FAB. LXXXVI . The Mice and the Cat.

GReat numbers of Mice frequenting an Old House , were discovered by a Cat , who geting within their Range , entertained her self for some time , in the happiest manner her heart could desire , as well with the pleasure of Hunting , as satisfying her Hunger ; by which she destroyed many of them . But when the Mice perceived their numbers much decreased , they took a resolution amongst themselves , to retire into the holes of the Floors and Ceilings , where it was impossible for her to come . The Cat seeing the Mice had left their old Haunts , invented this cunning Trick to surprize them ; she crossed her two hinder legs about a peg in the Wall , and hung with her Head downwards , as if she were dead ; which an old Mouse observing from a corner of the Room . O thou false Cat ! cryed she , that thinkest to deceive us by this piece of Policy ; for my part , should I see thee so really dead , that a Purse were made of thy skin , I would not venture to come any nearer to thee .

A prudent Man that has been deceived by another , should be cautious how he suffers himself to be drawn any more into his Snares .

Quicavet ne decipiatur , vix cavet , cum etiam cavet , Etiam cum cavisse ratusest , saepe is cautor captus est .

FAB. LXXXVII . The Flea and the Man .

SKipping from place to place , a vexacious Flea happened to fix on a Mans leg ; who feeling the smart , invoked the assistance of Hercules to destroy it ; but when it made its escape , the impious Wretch being in a passion to lose the Satisfaction of his revenge . O Hercules ! said he , since thus against a Flea you have refused me your help , how can I ever expect it against a greater Enemy ?

Men should not trouble God with every frivolous Request , but when there is just reason and occasion 't is then fit to implore his Divine Majesty .

FAB. LXXXVIII . The Fool that sold Wit .

UP and down a City ran a Fool , boasting to all People he met , that he of late had acquired a large stock of Wit , and would be content for Mony , to impart some of it , to any that desired to be Purchasers . This fancy invited a Man to him to satisfie his Curiosity , who asking to buy some of his Wit , offered him Mony ; The Fool took it , giving him a long piece of Packthred , and at the same time striking him a blow on the Face , which almost beat him backwards on the Ground . Hence forward , said he , Remember to keep out of a Fools reach , but the length of this Thred , and thou mayest avoid such another mischief by it .

Keep no Company with Fools : For the less you converse with them ▪ the sooner shall you acquire Wisdom . Bought Wit is best .

FAB. LXXXIX . The Fox going to his Execution .

AS they were leading a Fox to the Gallows , to suffer for the many Cocks , Hens , and other Fowls which he from a certain Village , had most impudently , without all fear or shame run away with and devoured ; he earnestly beged one favour at their hands before his Death ; which was that they would not carry him the common Road to the place of Execution ; but good Gentlemen , cryed he , let me be led by the back side of the Town . They , imagining he had some cunning stratagem in his Head , asked him the reason of his request ? Because , answered he , I know there is good store of Poultry that way , whose sight , or pleasant Cackling at least , may comfort my Heart , this last moment of my life .

This Fable shews the incorrigible Villany of wicked Men , who not only take a Pleasure and Pride in the vileness of their Actions , but even in their very Thoughts and Wills towards them .

FAB. XC . The Original of Walls .

IN those times when Gods and Men lived promiscuously together , as the Poet Hesiod relates , Mankind was kept secure from all manner of danger , under the Safeguard and Protection of the Deities . People dwelt not then within Walls , nor had they cause to fear the Attacks of any Enemy : But the Gods being driven from amongst them , by their wicked Impieties and Contentions , they were glad to defend themselves from one anothers Rage , with Walls and deep Ditches , and never thought their Fortifications strong enough . Afterwards , calling to mind the benefits they had received from the Gods whilst present with them , they had their Walls dedicated to those Gods , and for a Memorial of them , called them by their Names , instituting Rites , Ceremonies , and variety of Divine Worship upon them ; but could never by all their Devotion induce them to be propitious to them as at first they had been , before they left them .

We sometimes obtain a good thing with small trouble and care , which if we once lose , 't is perchance never to be recovered by any Industry .

FAB. XCI . The Proud Mule.

A Mule pampred up with too much Provender , and seldom put to work , was grown so Fat , and became so Proud , that he was often muttering ; My Father , said he , to himself , was certainly a Horse of Noble Extraction , swift in his Course , and beautiful of his Person , and I in e-every respect do resemble him : For I am graceful in my Goings , of handsome Shapes , & swift in my Carrier ; I am also adorned with rich and glorious Caparisons , and have my head governed by a guilded Bit. While he was puffed up with these Imaginations , his Master sent for him , and equipped him for the Race , wherein he tireing by reason of his Fatness , his Master stripped him of all his rich Furniture , & not thinking him fit any longer for runing , made use of him only to carry heavy Burdens , and retrenched his Allowance . Alas ! said he then , sighing , I had thought a Horse had been my Father , but now I am better informed , I find I am but the Son of an Ass.

Fools , when flourishing in their Prosperity , forget themselves : But Adversity refreshes their Memories , and brings them to a better sense of what they are . Sicut Fumus magis ascendendo deficit , sic superbus plus exaltatus , plus evanescit .

FAB. XCII . Jupiter and Minerva .

IN Antient times the Gods chose to themselves Trees , whereof each of those Deities would have the particular Protection . Iupiter , chief of the Gods was for the Oak ; Venus liked the Myrtle ; Neptune God of the Seas admired the Pine ; Apollo the Lawrel ; And Hercules the Poplar . But Pallas wondering why they should pitch upon such barren Trees , when they might as well have made choice of as many fruitful ones , Iupiter gave her this reason for it ; Lest , said he , it should be thought , when Men come to worship us , that we sell the Fruit of these Trees , for the Honour they pay us . Well , added Pallas , you may use your Pleasures , but I shall choose the Olive-Tree , and that too for the very Fruit sake . Iupiter then kissing his Daughter , My dear Child , said he , with great reason have all Ages esteemed thee Wise , and with just merrit art thou the Off-spring of my Brain ; for whatsoever we do , if we aim at no profit in it , all our Glory from thence is but foolish and vain .

This admonishes us to undertake nothing but what brings some Profit or Advantage with it . But for the clearer understanding this Fable , it will be necessary to know . That ,

The Oak is said to be sacred to Jupiter ; because , in Saturns time , Man lived on humane Flesh , but Jupiter afterwards coming to reign , forbad that Food , and taught them to eat Acorns ; which Tree being first shown by him , is , for that reason , as is supposed , said to be sacred to him .

The Myrtle to Venus ; because , this Tree commonly grows in sandy ground near the Sea , where Venus was born . But others suppose it was because Venus was adorned with Myrtle when Paris decided the Controversie between the three Goddesses which was fairest , giving the Golden Apple to her .

The Lawrel to Apollo ; because , Daphne , with whom this God was in Love , was turned into a Lawrel-Tree , flying from the violence he would have offered her , and grew upon the banks of the River Peneus in Thessaly .

The Pine to Neptune ; because , of them are made the Masts and Yards for Shipping .

The Poplar to Hercules ; because , he was decked with Poplar Branches , when he went down to Hell , and brought back with him from thence the three headed Dog Cerberus .

The Olive is said to be sacred to Pallas ; because she was the Inventress of Planting the Olive-Tree . Martialis lib. 11. Epig. 77.

Quid petis a Phebo ? nummos habet arca Minervae . Haec sapit ; haec omnes foenerat una Deos.

FAB. XCIII . The two Travellers and the Thief .

TWo Men travelling together , the one a Coward , and the other Valiant , were surprized on the Road by a Thief ; Who boldly with his drawn Sword in his hand , demanded their Mony : The brisk Man having only a Cudgel , bravely kept him off a while , till nimbly getting within his Swords point , he gave the Thief so violent a blow on the Head as brake his skull , with which mortal wound he fell . When he had thus honourably acquited himself by the Thiefs death , his faint hearted Comrade throwing off his Cloak , drew his Sword , and running up to his Friend ; Let him come , cryed he , I 'l soon make him see who it is , he attempts to rob . Then he that had so valiantly behaved himself , looking with scorn on him , I wish , said he , you would even now have assisted me but with such words , I should have been more encouraged , thinking them true : But now you may sheath both your Sword , and your boasting Tongue , and endeavour to deceive others who know you not . For my part , I that have experience of your nimbleness in running away , know how far your great valor is to be relyed on .

This Fable may be applyed to one that when there is no occasion , boasts of his Courage ; but in danger betraies his Pusillanimity . Extra bella leo , lepus in discrimine pugnae . That in time of Peace , is a Lion , but in Battle , a Hare .

FAB. XCIV . The He Goat and Brazen Statue .

FOr some time had a He-Goat fixed his Eyes on the Brazen Figure of a Goat , admiring the largeness of its Horns ; And after he had with Indignation nodded his head at it , as bidding it defiance , he stepping a little back , ran against it with all his force , expecting with that single stroak to have overthrown it ; But so far short was he of his intention , that he brake off both his own Horns , and falling on the the ground , dyed .

This is spoken to those who imprudently contend with others more powerful then themselves ; and in related by Herodotus , in his Erato , of Cleomenes King of Sparta . To whom , as one Crios of Aegineta was boldly speaking in behalf of the Inhabitants of his Island ; The King asked him his Name ? and being told it , 〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉 , saies Cleomenes , Then Oh thou Ram ! ( alluding to his name ) thou art about to break thy Horns against Brass , whereby thou wilt spoil thy self .

FAB. XCV . The Eagle and the Connies .

FRom a high Tree as an Eagle sate by her Nest , she espyed not far off certain young Connies feeding , which she flying to , seised , and carried to her Young Ones . Of this the tender Mother being a sad Spectator , begged earnestly that she would restore her , her Children : But the cruel Eagle , deaf to all entreaties , kill'd them before her face . This Tyranous usage filled the poor Cony not only with grief , but with resentment of the Injury , and not being able to contrive any more expedicious revenge against the Eagle , she digged about the Roots of the Tree wherein the nest was , and so much loosened it , that with the next blast of Wind , it fell to the Ground and destroyed all the Young Eagles .

None should be too confident of their own greatness , so as to take a Liberty of exercising their Cruelty and Oppression upon poor Men , with hopes that they can never be in a Condition to revenge themselves . To confirm which , many Examples might be produced , of Emperors , Kings and Princes , as well as of great Ministers of State , and Officers Military and Civil ; but if we look about us , we may see many fresh Instances every day at home amongst our selves . Which may put us in mind of the Old French Proverb , Tost on tard , pres cu ●●in , à le Fort du Foible besoin . Brevibus percunt ingentia causis . Claud.

FAB. XCVI . The Woman that had sore Eyes .

TO cure her sore Eyes , a Woman had agreed with an Oculist to give him such a summ of Mony , but if he effectually performed not his Work , he was to lose his Reward . Now it was this unconscionable Doctors custom , that coming dayly to visit his Patient , he constantly stole and carried away with him , some thing or other from her House . That when the Womans Eyes were cured , and he demanded the performance of his Bargain , the Woman refused to pay him , though being brought before the Judg , she could not deny the Agreement , yet thus evaded the matter ; She alledged , the Cure was not perfected , and made it appear by good Testimonies , that at the contract making with her Physitian , she had her House well furnished with Goods , and now that her Eyes were cured , as her Doctor pretended , she could see no such thing there . By which Plea , she was acquitted , and the Oculist punished for the Thievery .

Those who are too Covetous , and grasping at all , do commonly the greatest harm to themselves .

FAB. XCVII . The Camel and Jupiter .

THe Camel seeing in the Fields a great Heard of Cattle well Armed with Horns , began to murmur against Nature that had made him so defective , and crying to Iupiter , thus expostulated with him . Oh! what an unfit thing is it that a Beast of so large a body as I am , should go up and down without any Arms to defend my self from the affronts of every Insolent , and vexacious Creature ; Whenas thou hast armed the Lion with sharp Teeth and Pawes , the Elephant with a Probossis , the Bull with Horns , the Boar with Tusks , and so all other Beasts with one Weapon or other , even to the very Hedg-Hog who can guard himself with his Prickles . Only I , go wandring about the Woods and Fields , without Arms , destitute of any manner of defence , scorned and contemned of all . I therefore beseech thee , O , mighty Iupiter ! to bestow on me Horns , like the Bulls , that I may vindicate my self , from the daily Affronts of other Beasts . Iupiter seeing him so unsensible of the benefit of his Greatness and Strength given him at his Creation , took from him almost all his large and graceful Ears , and laughing at him ; Because , said he , thou were not content with what Nature , by my direction gave thee , I take from thee thy Ears , that thou mayst alwaies bear in mind this Correction of thy unthankfulness .

Thus , Many now a daies endeavouring after things impossible to be obtained , lose by their neglect what they enjoyed before . Nulli mortalium Dii certam futurorum scientiam dederint , nec post homines notos invenias quemquam , eui omnia ex animi sententia successerit , ita ut nulla in re Fortuna sit adversata .

FAB. XCVIII . The Man and his two Wives .

WHen turned of fifty years of Age , and his Head so hoary , that it was hard to judg whither it contained most black or white Hairs , must a Man needs be marryed , and that to two Wives at once ; of which one was Old , and the other Young. These dwelling together in a House , the Old Wife in hopes of making him fix his Love on her , would be often rubbing and combing his Head , at which times she took occasion to pick out the black Hairs ; that he seeming older than he really was , and their Ages being more suitable , he might oftenest solace himself in her Company . The young Woman also projecting how to draw off his affections from her Rival , and settle them on her self , endeavoured to rid his Head of the White Hairs ; by which means the poor Man , between both , was left in a short time quite bald , and became the sport and mockery of all his Neighbours .

'T is a great madness for Old Men to Marry , especially to Young Wives , unless they resolve to live in continual Vexation and Torment . Thales one of the Wise Men of Greece , being asked when a Man should Marry , answered , Young Men not yet , Old men not at all .

FAB. XCIX . The Chaffinch and the Thrush .

IT pittying a Good-natured Chaffinch to see a Thrush feeding in the Woods on the wild Berries and Fruits , Alas , poor Creature ! said she , How can you possible live on such course Meats as these ? Come with me , and I will shew you Fruits more delightful to the Appetite , and of more wholesom Nourishment to the Body than these . The Thrush gladly accepted her Offer , and following her kind Conductress was brought into a Garden well stored with ripe Figs , Grapes , and other variety of excellent Fruits ; where , as they were admiring the great Plenty of every thing , and beauty of the Place ; the Thrush espyed several Nets , Snares , and Limetwigs , and many Birds taken by them , at which affrighted , she bad her Companion Farewel : For I had rather , said she , live secure in the solitary Woods , feeding on those wild Berries , than on these choice Fruits , to pass my life in such continual Fears and Dangers .

'T is better to live securely in Poverty , than with Riches in Fears , Ielousies and Troubles . This made the Divine Phocillides ( as he is stiled by the incomparable Don. Fr. de Quevedo ) thus to inveigh against Riches .

〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉 , &c. O Aurum , malorum Dux , vitae Corruptela , omnia convellens , Utinam non esses Mortalibus malum desiderabile ! Tua enim causa Pugnae , Praedae , Caedesque sunt , Infensi Parentibus Liberique , Fratresque Consanguineis .

To which purpose , I may also add .

Gold , Bane of Peace , and Nourisher of War . Who 'ore the World doth spread thy Venom far , Laws are remiss where thou the Power dost get , All vices thou unpunished dost permit . Torrent of Mischiefs , source of Ills the worst , The more we drink of thee , the more we thirst .

FAB. C. The River , and its Spring .

THUS arrogantly did a River revile its own Fountain , Why remainest thou idly there , covered with Weeds and Brambles ? whose cold Waters are of no Benefit , for they permit not the Production of any living thing within them . Whilst I abound with variety of Excellent Fish , and am daily increasig my clear Current ; I pass on delightfully creeping through the pleasant Valleys , many times yielding a melodious murmur , grateful to all that hear it . And in my large Carriers , I view a diversity of Famous People , Countreys and Cities ; all which partake of the Advantages I carry along with me . The Spring displeased at these presumptuous Words with-held its Waters , whereby this ungrateful River quickly became dry , and all its Fishes perished .

This Fable is against those who attribute all the good they have , to themselves , and their own Industry , and not to God , who is the Fountain of all goodness . It also blames those who boast themselves to be the Authors of any good things which they received from others : And shows that the Sin of Ingratitude ought ever to be severely punished . 〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉 . 'T is better to be silent , than to speak that which becomes us not :

The end of the Second Century .

The Table . 1. AESop the Interpreter of a Will . 2. The Apes going to Build a City . 3. The Tree drawn by Oxen. 4. The Dog and the Crocodile . 5. The Ass's Ambassy to Jupiter . 6. The Pidgeons and Magpy . 7. The Frogs that feared the Fighting of two Bulls . 8. The Father and his two Daughters . 9. The Serpents Tail , and other Members . 10. The Cuckow and the Sparrow Hawk . 11. The Shepherd , the Wolf , and the Fox . 12. The Daw that would be a King. 13. The Bees and the Drones . 14. Aesop and the Country-man . 15. The tall Trees and the Shrubs . 16. The Swan and the Stork . 17. The Fly and the Mule. 18. The Lapwing and the Parrot . 19. The Fox and the Women . 20. The wise Lyon. 21. The Wallet , or Jupiter and Momus . 22. The Crow and the Swan . 23. Arion and the Dolphin . 24. The Man that had his Corn grow without Beards . 25. The Eagle , the Hawk , and the Kite . 26. The Shepherd and his Dog. 27. The Father and the Son. 28. The Camel , the Elephant , and the Ape . 29. The Wallnut-Tree . 30. The Lamb that danced to the Wolf. 31. The Vale and the Mountain . 32. The Ass and the Calf . 33. The Wolf turned Shepherd . 34. The Woman that lamented for her Husband . 35. The Country-man and the Hors-man . 36. The Old Wolf that found a Prey . 37. The Storks and the Kite . 38. Jupiter and the Tortois . 39. The Wolf and the Sheep . 40. The Hares and the Foxes . 41. The Serpent that complain'd to Jupiter . 42. The Mouse , The Frog , and the Kite . 43. The Hermet and the Soldier . 44. The Ship-wreckt Athenian . 45. The Horse , the Bull , the Dog , and the Man . 46. The Plow-man and his Oxen. 47. The Cock , the Ass , and the Lyon. 48. The Boar and the Fox . 49. The Eagle and the Fox . 50. The Hares that were afraid without Cause . 51. The Old Dog and his Master . 52. The Crow and the Dog. 53. The Master and his Servant . 54. The Monkey that gathered Wall-nuts . 55. The two Hogs . 56. The Dog , the Ass , and their Master . 57. The rich Man and the Tanner . 58. The Shepherd and the careful Dog. 59. The Dolphins , the Whales , and a Crab fish . 60. The Cock that betrayed the Fox . 61. The Hinds and the Panther . 62. The Country-man and the Flies . 63. The Hound and the other Dogs . 64. The Frogs and the Flags . 65. The Lion , the Cow , the Goat , and the Sheep . 66. The Shepherd , the Shepherdess , and Worms . 67. The Flea and the Camel. 68. The Answer of Socrates to his Neighbours . 69. The Dragon , the Leopard , and the Unicorn . 70. The Lyon and the Man travelling together . 71. The Trifler , or Delayer . 72. The Ass carrying an Image . 73. The Tortois and the Eagle . 74. The Lark and her young Ones . 75. The Fox and the Ape . 76. Demades the Orator his Tale. 77. The Country-man and a Tree . 78. The Lyon and the Gnat. 79. The young Lyon that would fight with a Man . 80. The Boy that would not learn his Book . 81. The Wolf and the Dog. 82. The Smith and his Dog. 83. The Wolf and the fat Dog. 84. The Fishes that leaped into the Fire . 85. The Iudg who gave sentence against himself . 86. The Flea and the Man . 87. The Mice and the Cat. 88. The Fool that Sold Wit . 89. The Fox going to his Execution . 90. The Original of Walls . 91. Jupiter and Minerva . 92. The Proud Mule. 93. The two Travellers and the Thief . 94. The He Goat , and a Brazen Statue . 95. The Eagle and the Conies . 96. The Woman that had sore Eyes , 97. The Camel and Jupiter . 98. The Man and his two Wives . 99. The Chaffinch and Thrush . 100. The River and its Spring . FINIS .

Mythologia Ethica : OR , AESOPIAN FABLES . The Third Century .

The PREFACE . TO The Third Century OF FABLES .

FABLES are not only delightful , but very profitable to the Readers , if well understood ; for as the Bees will not be satisfied with the Beauty of the Flower , till they have sucked out its Honey ; so is not the Fable , or Tale , so much to be valued , as the good Morality and Erudition which is to be drawn from it . The Word Fabula , seems to be derived a Fando , from Speaking ; for Fables are supposed to be things spoken only , but not done . They were first Invented , that by the Feigned Words , and Pleasant Tricks of Irrational Creatures , the ill Manners and Actions of bad Men might be reproved , and the Vertues of good Men encouraged . We read of diverse sorts of Fables amongst the Poets , but I shall wave at present their several Distinctions , and only speak of those whereof Aesop is generally supposed to be the Inventor . He , with the rest of my Authors , have taught the use of Speech , as well to things Insensible , as Sensible ; and here , as in some Republick , they all Act in their several Sphers ; They summon their Councils , or Senates ; Determine the weighty Affairs of State ; Deliberate of Peace and War , &c. And what is all this for ? but to Instruct Mankind by Moral Precepts and Examples , dressed up in these pleasant Tales , that they may be more readily entertained by all sorts of People . By Fables may even Children be taught by their Nurses , and that by way of Recreation , to be in Love with Vertue , and Hate Vice ; which way of Instructing Youth has been recommended by great Men , but particularly by the two Princes of Philosophers , Plato in his Second Dialogue , de Republ. and by Aristotle in his Politicks . And how indeed could vulgar Understandings be made capable of receiving such grave and solid Rules of Vertue , if they were not by some Art fixed in their Minds , by such Images , and Idea's , as these ? Here are the Good and Ill Inclinations of Creatures represented . Here you find Simplicity commended in the Lamb , and in the Dove ; Diligent Labour and Industry in the Bee , and the Ant ; Fidelity in the Dog ; Courage and Generosity in the Lyon ; which Vertues are likewise highly applauded in Man . We also see a Hair-brained Fury , and Rapacity blamed in the Wolf ; a Sordid Dulness , and Slothfulness in the Ass ; Fraud , Flattery , and subtle Insinuation in the Fox ; and all manner of Vices by some Creature or other properly expressed , and then rendred Odious . The Intention of all which is , that we seeing , as in a Glass , the Beauty of Vertue , and Deformity of Vice , might prudently steer the Course of our Lives , by those Lines which are here so Industriously laid down for our use .

Mythologia Ethica : OR , AESOPIAN FABLES . The Third Century .

FAB. I. The Quarrel betwixt the Members of a Human Body , and the Stomach .

IN those times when in Man , the several Members of his Body acted not as now they do , all by a mutual consent , but every one did according to his own Fancy . The Feet and Hands enviously accused the Stomach of Slothfulness ; You , said they , receive all our good things , and enjoy them : We take the pains , whilst you reap all the Profit and Pleasure ; whatsoever we acquire by our Labour and Industry , you devour , living in continual Laziness : You therefore shall take your choice of two things , either to learn some Art for your own Maintenance , or else resolve to Perish by Hunger ; and thus in a Passion these Members deserted it . Now the Stomach knowing not how to subsist of it self , begged several times , with great Humility , their Help and Favour ; but they still refused to listen to it . So that being for some days forced to live without Nourishment , its natural heat was quite gone , and Thirst having dryed up the Throat , Nature had utterly lost all her Powers ; And then alas ! the Hands , when too late , perceiving the Body ready to expire , offered it Meat and Food in abunddance , with all sorts of Delicates ; but it was to no purpose , for the Stomach having been long empty , was become feeble , and could not perform its Functions . Thus died the whole Body , by the Effects of the Envy and Dissention of its Members .

The Society of the Members with the Stomach , are like Human Society , each Member having need of the rest of the Members to be able to subsist : So does every one want the 〈◊〉 and Friendship of other Men ; for Riches and Honour are not sufficient here without Friends to stand by and assist us . But I cannot pass by this admirable Fable , without giving a larger account of its History and Allegory . Titus Livius tells us in his Decades , That the People of Rome revolting from the Senate , had assembled together on Mount Aventine , resolving no longer to pay Obedience to the Senate . But the Senate sent Menenius Agrippa , a man of great Authority and Reputation in the City , who related to them this Fable at large , letting them see by the Example of the Stomach , and Parts of mans Body , the mutual dependence of the Senate and the People one upon another . For do not think ( said he ) my fellow Citizens , that tho the Government or Senate seem Idle to you , and that they keeping the People to their several Trades and Occupations , are for that Reason the less necessary for your preservation . It is the Government which dispenses the Heat to you , which fits and distributes the good Nourishment to all its most remote Members . Nor suppose that you work for them , but they much more for you . Do not then so weaken this part of you , by your factious Mutinies , that it be made incapable of serving you ; for after some little time , Necessity will constrain you to fly to the Senate for their help , when perchance it may not be in their power . Your Seditions and Extravagancies may oblige them to take another course , and then you will live without defence , void of all Counsel and Help , without Riches , without Authority , and in one word , a Prey to your Neighbours . This , or the like Speech , wrought so effectually with the Mutineers , that they all retired home to their Houses . By which we may Iudg how necessary it is , that there should be a mutual Union of all the Members for preservation of the Body , either Natural , or Politick : For it is impossible , that either the one , or the other should subsist without Concord , which is the Chain that binds them together . 'T is therefore no wonder , that the Author hereof , proposed this Fable of the Stomach and the other Members , to make us hate Factions and Divisions , which often prove the Ruin and utter Destruction of Common-wealths , by exposing them to the Fury of their Enemies . Concordiâ res parvae crescunt , Discordiâ , vel maximae dilabuntur . Salust :

FAB. II. The Swallow and the Crow .

A Dispute was held with great obstinacy , between a Swallow and a Crow , which of them was most Beautiful . Wherein , after the Swallow seemed to have gained the Point of her Antagonist ; But thou , reply'd the Crow , canst only boast of thy beauty in the Summer ; whereas mine endures all the Year round .

Soundness of Body , as most durable , is of more value than Beauty , which is but of a short continuance .

FAB. III. The Carter and his Horse :

IT was a Horses hard Fortune to serve a cruel Master , who allowing him scarce half his due proportion of Meat , his Bones seemed ready to start through his Skin . This poor Beast drawing a heavy load in a deep way , happened to be set fast in a miry place , from whence not being able to stir , he , by the surly Carter , was miserably beaten . The wretched Horse then considering the difficulties he laboured under , and that this unreasonable Man imposed a task on him , which he had not strength enough to perform , was very sorrowful , accusing his Master of too great severity and injustice . But the furious Driver enflamed to a greater pitch of Rage , without any sense of pitty towards him , still lashed him more and more , and instead of cherishing him , gave him at last this uncomfortable Sentence : I 'll force thee , either to draw out this Cart from hence , or here I 'm resolved to make thee breathe thy last .

This Apologue paints out those Tyrants , who unreasonably wrack their Subjects , their Debtors , Tenants , or others whom they have at their Mercy , and like Horse-Leaches suck their very Blood , till they leave them barely nothing but Skin , and Bone. Ite & operamini , Paleae autem non dabuntur vobis , & reddetis consuetum numerum Late rum . I 'll have my mony or make Dice of thy Bones .

FAB. IV. The Master and his Dogs .

MAny Dogs being kept by a certain rich Man for his Pleasure ; one of them without any Provocation , bit his Son that he dyed of the wound , at which the Master was so much enraged that he was not content only to hang up the Dog that did the Mischief , but made the rest of his Fellows for his sake , suffer the same hard fate .

One Evil Companion may ruin a whole Society .

FAB. V. The Countryman at the Olympic Games .

A Husbandman that by chance had bent his Plow-share , seeing his Son who was a lusty Fellow , with one forcible blow of his Fist , set it right again , as if it had been , by the stroak of a Hammer ; he was amaz'd at the Young Mans Prodigious strength , and resolv'd to carry him to the Olympic Games , where he hoped he might acquire immortal Honour . But when in the Lists , he was wrestling with an Artist , he for want of skill , to add to his great strength , was at first shamefully foiled : which his Father seeing , fretted at , and calling to him , Son , Son , said he , remember the Plow-share blow . At that word , the Young Man pulling his Adversary to him with his Left Hand , gave him so violent a bang on the Pate , with his Right , as not only knocked him down , but left him half dead on the ground . By which the Countryman won the Palm .

This Story is related by Pausanias , of one Glaucus Caristius ; and may teach us that those things are best done , which are performed after our old accustomed manner . Pausanias tells us , that this Young Mans Fathers Name was Demylus , and that he called to his Son 〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉 , illam de aratro impinge .

FAB. VI. The Stag and the Oxen.

OUT of his closest lurking Places in the Woods , as a Stag was chased by Hunters , being guided by his blind Fears , he fled for shelter to a near Village , and it being Evening , there opportunely hid himself , in a Stable amongst certain Oxen. Whom one of the Oxen courteously saluting , What safety canst thou here , said he , propose to thy self , wretched Creature , that comest posting to thy inevitable Destruction , thinking to save thy self among Men ? Do not I beseech you discover me , said the Stag , and I will be gone with the first opportunity . When it was Night , a Servant came in to feed the Oxen , but saw him not ; next , several other Clowns went in and out , without espying him , who had hid himself in the Hay . After these , the chief Servant looked in , and did not perceive him . The Trembling Stag then began to take some Courage , hoping the Danger over , and thanked the Oxen for having so kindly entertained him in this Exigency . We wish you well , answered they , but lye close yet a while longer , lest he who has a hundred Eyes should come , and then your Life would be in great hazard . Whilst they were saying this , the Master himself newly risen from Supper , came in , and having lately observed his Oxen to be lean and neglected , looked into the Manger , where he found they wanted Hay , and that other things were in disorder ; He therefore taking care to put them as they ought to be , espyed the Stags Horns appearing aloft out of the Hay . Then calling his Servants , he commanded them to kill him . Which being done , he possessed himself of the Prey .

This shews that a Man shall see more with his own Eyes , than with other Mens . It is the Master that can look most narrowly into his own Affairs . We also observe by this Fable how hard it is for a Man to hide himself in time of Distress ; for Fortune beginning to persecute him , seldom leaves him till he be destroyed .

FAB. VII . The Ape , and the Fox .

WITH the most pressing Arguments he could use , did an Ape importune a Fox to give him a piece of his Tail to cover his Buttocks : For I want , said he , but what you may easily spare , and have enough left for your self , for you cannot chose but be sensible that such a great quantity is rather troublesom to you , than of any convenience . No , answered the Fox , you should not have one Inch of my Tail to cover your Posteriors , though I were so burthened with it that I should be forced to drag it through the dirt after me .

Many are Rich , and some have a greater stock of Riches than they know well how to dispose of ; but there is no Rich Man will be content to give to one that is Poor , all above what he has need of .

〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉 . When thou art Rich , think to assist the Poor .

FAB. VIII . The Ape and the Dolphin .

IT was a Custom among the Athenians , when they went to Sea , to take with them for their pastime , little Dogs , Monkies , or the like . Now it happened that as some Merchants of that City were going a Voyage , having an Ape on Board them , and sailing along the Attick Coast as far as the Promontory Sunium , there arose a great Tempest , wherein the Ship springing a leak was about to sink to rights ; which forced the Passengers to expose themselves to the mercy of the Sea , amongst whom , was the Ape floating on a Wave , and in danger of losing his Life ; but being espied by a Dolphin , the Friend of Mankind , he was by the Fish taken upon his back , and carried towards the Shoar . And when they were come within the Haven of Athens , called the Piraeus , the Dolphin asked him of what Country he was ; The Ape answered of Athens , and descended of an Honourable Family there . The Dolphin then demanded if he knew the Piraeus ? which the Ape thinking had been the Name of a Man , replyed , Oh , very well Sir , he is my most intimate Acquaintance , and particular Friend . The Dolphin hearing this impudent Lye , was angry , and throwing him into the Sea , there drowned him .

This Fable is against Vanity and Lying , which we often find do not only bring great Prejudice and Disgrace , but even Destruction too , to those who are addicted to them .

Qui mentiuntur impudenter , hi suis Refellere ipsi se solent mendaciis .

FAB. IX . The Halcyon , or Kings-fisher .

THE Halcyon , a Bird affecting Solitude , lives about the Sea Coasts , and for fear of the Fowlers makes her Nest commonly in a Cliff. This Bird on a time having hatched her young on a small Rock in the Sea , was gone abroad to seek meat for them , but a Tempest happening in her absence , was so violent that it tossed the Waves over the Rock , and washed away both her Nest and Young. Which loss , when the troubled Mother perceived at her return . Alas ! cryed she . A most unhappy Creature am I , that having forsaken the Land , expecting more security here , in the Sea , do find that I have be-taken my self to a place of greater Malice and Treachery .

Many Men , to avoid the Danger they apprehend from others , thrust themselves into the Protection of such as they suppose are their greatest Friends , who having them in their Power ( as we see by daily Experience ) treat them ten times worse than their most violent Enemies could have done .

'T is observed that when the Halcyon lies still , the Sea is calm . As Ovid , Metam . XI .

Tum via tuta Maris ; ventos custodit , & arcet . Aeolus egressu , praestatque Nepotibus Aequor .

FAB. X. The Sow and the Bitch .

SOme Discourse happening between a Sow and a Bitch , about their Fruitfulness and Facility in bringing forth their Young. The Bitch told her , she admired any Creature could have confidence to make a comparison with her on those Subjects . Yet you may be pleased to remember , said the Sow , That all your numerous Off-spring are born blind .

A great Work is not so much to be valued for the quick finishing of it , as for its Compleatness and Perfection .

FAB. XI . The Fox the Wolf and the Ape .

WITH very opprobrious Language a Wolf accused a Fox of Theft , which the Fox utterly denyed , protesting his Innocency . For determination of which Difference , an Ape being appealed to sate as Judg betwixt them . Before him they pleaded their own Causes with great subtilty , each using his best Oratory to expose the others ill Courses of Life , to beget in the Judg an ill Opinion of his Adversary , as it is a Custom amongst Pleaders ; and neither of them was sparing in publishing at large his own Honesty and Integrity . But the Ape a most prudent Magistrate gave Sentence between them according to what he had observed in the management of the Process . For he could not find out , that the Wolf had lost what he accused the Fox of : But he believed the Theevish Fox , had stollen something , tho he so stifly denied it on Examination . So he advised them to go and live peaceably together , yet always with suspition one of another , since you know , added he , that any one who is guilty of those ill things of which ye have thus plainly taxed each other , ever ought to live with caution amongst such as he knows to be as bad as himself .

Those who are known to live by ill Courses , lead Miserable Lives being hated and avoided by all good Men , and have even a continual Suspition and Iealousie one of another . The Spaniards say , El que ha las sospe●has , ha las hechas . He that is often suspected , has some guilt . Quicunque turpt fraude semel innotuit , etiamsi verum dicit , amittit fidem . Phaed.

FAB. XII . The two Frogs that were Neighbours .

TWO Frogs being Neighbours , one dwelling in a deep Pond , at some distance from the High-way , and the other in a shallow Plash which contained but little Water in it , and lay close by the Road. She of the Pond made a Courteous Invitation to the other , to come and reside with her , where she might feed well , and live in greater security . Which kind offer was slighted by her of the High-way , who returned her this Answer , That she for some time had lived happily in that Place , and therefore cared not to remove . Not long after , when she little thought of such a Misfortune , a Cart coming that Road , happened to squeeze the imprudent Frog in pieces .

Those who have got ill Habits , and Customs , will sooner lose their Lives than change them .

FAB. XIII . The Oak and the Elm.

MOST pernicious Councel did the Favourite Elm give to the Royal Oak , That for his more firm Establishment in his Empire , also for his Advantageous Nourishment , and better Air , it was requisite that many of those lesser Trees which were about him ( against whom the Elm had some private Enmity ) should be pulled up by the Roots , and utterly destroyed . Which thing this great Minister did not slightly urge , but with pregnant Reasons and Arguments was continually endeavouring to perswade . At last the daily importunity of this dissembling Elm , having tired the patience of his most gracious Prince , and provoked him to a just Anger . What should I do , said he , ( expressing a Majestick Indignation in his Looks ) when I am assaulted with violent Storms and Whirl-winds , if I should destroy these my nearest Friends , and Loyallest Subjects , who stand always ready to assist and defend me ? No they shall therefore be preserved and cherished by me . When the wicked Favourite heard this , he withdrew in great Confusion : The King threatning him with Death , or a very severe Punishment , if for the future , he should ever counsel him to the prejudice of his good Subjects .

The Oak expresses the true Affection , and tender Care which a good Prince has for his Subjects ; and how ready he is to preserve them from the wicked Machinations of evil Councellors . In the multitude of his People is the Strength and Dignity of a King ; but in their want is his Shame and Destruction . Tunc fore Respubl . beatas , si aut Docti eas regerent , aut qui regerent , omne suum Studium in sapientia & benignitate collocarent .

FAB. XIV . The Horse and the Ass.

AS a Horse compleatly equipped in rich Furniture was travelling proudly on the Road ; he , in a dirty passage meeting an Ass loaded with a heavy burden . Thou dull and sluggish Beast ! said he with great Insolence ; How darest thou thus sawcily stand in my way ? Get thee instantly from before me , or I shall tread thee in the dirt under my feet . The poor Ass had not the Courage to answer him , but so soon as he was able , gave him the Track . Not long after this , the Horse being spoiled by overstraining himself , and observed by his Master to be out of case , and never more fit for running , he took from him all his splendid Ornaments , and sold him to draw in a Cart. Whom the Ass afterward espying at work in this different Harness . Ah , said he , maliciously Laughing ! What new sort of Accoutrements are these ? Where is now your Embroidered Saddle , your rich Trappings , and your glistering Bit ? Is all your Glory come to this ? Thus may it always happen to those , so Insolent as thou hast been .

How many are there , who when advanced into some Office , or raised by some means or other to Greatness , have so far forgot themselves , and all Modesty , that their Pride would scarce suffer them to speak or look on a poor man , without Insolently dispising him : and when Fortune has turned against them , as nothing is certain in this World , they themselves have been Scorned by all . — Tolluntur in altum , Ut lapsu graviore ruant . Claudian .

FAB. XV. Mercury and the Statuary .

MErcury being curious to know how he was esteemed amongst men , took on him human Shape , and went into a Statuary's Shop , where diverse Images of the Gods were ; and observing one of Iupiter amongst them , he first asked the Price of it ? The Artist told him a Hundred Crowns . And at how much , said he , do you value that of Iuno ? The Price , replyed the Man , is the same with Iupiters . At which Mercury smil'd , supposing them very cheap : and shewing his own Statue , which being not Inferiour in Workman-ship to any there ; he thought , that being the Messenger and Interpreter of the Gods , he should be of great value and esteem amongst men , so demanded its Price ? If , said the Statuary , you buy the other two , I shall give you that of Mercury into the bargain .

Thus many Vain-glorious Men , who set a great value upon themselves , often find that they are least esteemed by others .

FAB. XVI . The Apes Head.

AMongst other pieces of Meat which lay on a Butchers Stall , a Man observing the head of an Ape there to be Sold , asked what kind of Tast it had ? The Butcher laughing , answered ; Quale Caput est , talis praestatur Sapor . As the Head is , such is the Tast it yields .

I suppose , says Phaedrus ( speaking as I conceive of Aesop , who though deformed of Person , yet of a Prodigious Sharpness of Wit , and Profound Knowledg ) that saying was rather intended as a Iest , than Truth ; for I have known many men of most 〈◊〉 Shape , and Beautiful Aspect , yet very wicked : and many others who have been unhandsome of Person , yet of great Vertue , and clear Understanding . Mentem hominis Spectato , non Frontem . Look on Mens Minds , not their Faces . And Ovid says ; Si mihi difficilis Formam Natura negavit , Ingenio Formae damna rependo meae . Nature to make me handsom thought not fit , But this Defect is recompenc ▪ d in Wit.

FAB. XVII . The Swan and the Cook.

A Rich man who had many Geese which he kept for his Table , bought a Swan for her admirable Singing , and suffered her also to feed amongst them : but intending one Night to have a Goose kill'd for his Supper , the Cook by mistake happened to catch hold of the Swan , which in the dark he could not distinguish from one of the Geese ; 'til she perceiving the danger she was in , began a most sweet Song ( as they are reported always to do , when they fore-see they are near their Deaths ) by which excellent Melody she being discovered , her Life was preserved .

The Intention of this Fable is to commend Musick ; for some Men , who have attained to great Perfection in that rare Science , reap great Profit as well as Pleasure , and such may happen to preserve their own Lives by it . But methinks it should rather intend Eloquence , and readiness of Speech ; for many men expressing themselves with an admirable presence of Mind , have avoided some great Danger , or violent Death . The Italian Proverb is ; Un bel parlar à tempo è gran Guadagno . A wise Word spoken in Season , is of great advantage .

FAB. XVIII . Aesop at Play.

WHEN an Athenian saw Aesop playing with Nuts , amongst a company of Boys , he stood still , laughing at him , and jeering , as at a Fool or Mad-fellow . The good old man , who was better able to scoff at others , than they at him , perceiving him so well pleased at the sight , and at his own Wit , ran home and fetched a Bow , which he unbending , laid down in the middle of the Street . Well Sir , said he , you that are so wondrous wise , give me a reason for what you see I have now been doing , if you can ? The People then flocking about them , the man began to consider , and beat his Brains for the meaning of the Question proposed to him ; at last he was forced to acknowledg his Ignorance . Old Aesop seeing himself Victor ; You , said he , would soon break this Bow , should you always keep it at full bent ; but if sometimes you suffer it to be thus slackened , you may make fit use of it at your pleasure .

So should we sometimes give Divertisement to the Mind and Spirits , that they being refreshed may return the more firm , and more vigorous to the performance of their Functions . Otiare , quo Labores . Repose a while , that you may fall to Work. This was no such Crime in Aesop to be found at Play ; since many Learned and Great Persons have frequently recreated themselves , for thus refreshing their Minds . It is reported of Frederick the Second , King of Denmark , a Wise and Learned Prince , that after tiring himself with the weighty Affairs of State , he would call some of his Courtiers aside in a familiar manner , now , would he say , That the King is absent , let us divert our selves a while ; and when it was time to leave off , he would tell them with a grave Countenance , Now let us have done , for the King is returned .

But our Laughing Athenian may opportunely be put in mind of the Old Greek Adage .

〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉 .

A Fool , when there 's no real Cause , can Laugh .

FAB. XIX . The Dragon , the Country-man , and the Fox .

THE great overflowing of a River by some violent Rains , had carried away from its Bankside a Dragon , who had long dwelt there ; and the River falling on a sudden , left him very remote on a dry Sand ; from whence not being able to get home , wanting Water , he was lamenting at the great distress he saw himself in . But espying a Country-man , who was travelling that way with an Ass ; the Dragon called to him , entreating him to be so charitable to carry him home to the River , not being able to get thither without help , and promised for the favour , to give him great store of Gold and Silver . The hopes of such a reward made the poor Man undertake the charge , who according to direction bound the Dragon , laid him on his Ass , and carried him to his Cave ; where so soon as he had untied him and set him at liberty , he demanded his pay . How said the Dragon , Do you expect Gold and Silver for tying and penioning me on that manner ? I did it , replied the Country-man by your own Order . Well , added the Dragon , cease your impertinence , or I shall make bold to eat you , for I protest have a keen Stomach at this very moment . Would you then reward me Evil for Good ? demanded the poor man . While they were in this dispute , a Fox came that way and enquired the cause of their difference ? The Dragon told him , that the man had tied and abused him , carrying him on his Ass , and now expected mony for the injury . Very unjustly , said the poor man , has this Dragon abused me , for I found him far from this place , left on dry Ground , whither he had been carried by this River ; and from thence at his earnest request , promising me a considerable recompence of Gold and Silver , I brought him bound , as he directed me , safely home ; and now he ungratefully threatens to devour me . You did saucily , said the Fox , to bind him so hard ; but let me see how it was , and I shall the better Judg betwixt you both . The man beginning to bind him , Did the Fellow , said the Fox , bind you thus hard before ? Not only so , answered the Dragon , but a hundred times worse . Then said the Fox , draw the Knots straiter . The Country-man being strong , tied the Cords with all his force . Was you thus cruelly bound ? demanded the Fox . Ay Indeed Sir , answered the Dragon . 'T was barbarously done , added the Fox , for now you have no power to help your self . Not any , said the Dragon . Then said the Fox to the Man , thou maist lay him again on thy Ass , and carry him back to the place where thou foundest him ; there leave him bound , and thou wilt be sure he cannot eat thee . The man rejoycing to be so well delivered from , and revenged of this perfidious Dragon , did as the Fox had Judged , and left him there to perish .

Those who think to recompence Poor Men Evil , for the Good Services they received from them , do many times suffer a just Punishment for their wicked Intentions ,

FAB. XX. The Flies and the Hony.

CErtain Flies came to a place where Hony was spilt , which when they had tasted , were so well pleased with its Sweetness , that they eat til they had filled themselves with it . But thinking to go away , they found their feet sticking fast and endeavouring to fly , fixed likewise their Wings , that they were entangled in it , as with Birdlime ; from whence not being able to remove , they all shortly perished ; and as they were expiring , cryed , Alas ! that we , only for the pleasing a little of our Pallats , should thus miserably lose our Lives .

This Fable hints at those Licentious Persons , who by Gluttony , Drinking , or Debauchery with lewd Women , bring themselves to some great Misfortune , or untimely End.

FAB. XXI . The Quarrelsom Young-man , and his Father .

MAny times was a Young-man accustomed at his coming home , to boast how briskly he had behaved himself in certain Quarrels and Broils wherein he had been engaged , and in what an ill condition he had left his Adversarys . To whom his Father , as often as he heard him , was wont to say . 'T is well , Son , but you have not yet met with whom you seek . This was the young mans common practice , till one night coming in miserably batter'd and maul'd , he only muttered , and was retiring to hide himself in a corner . But his Father espying him . Truly Son , said he , you have now at last , met the Person you have so often taken pains to find .

By this we are taught not to be puffed up with any success in things that are neither honourable nor at all commendable : And that no man is so valiant , but he may meet with another as Brisk and Desperate as himself , by whom he may possibly be worsted .

FAB. XXII . The Liberal Man and the Thieves .

A Liberal man Travelling on the Road , fell into the hands of Thieves , who after a consultation about him , was almost perswaded by the Arguments of one of the Rogues to kill him , which another of the Gange would by no means consent to ; alledging , that he knew him to be a Charitable and Generous Man , and I my self , added he , have been liberally assisted by him . By which Testimony of him , the good Thief prevailed with his Comerades for the Travellers departing in safety .

This Showes that Liberality works upon the Tempers even of the worst of men .

〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉 . Sometimes to Fortune let small Gifts be spar'd , For often they return , with great reward .

FAB. XXIII . The Dog that wrongfully accused a Sheep .

BY the malicious Accusation of a false Dog was an harmless Sheeps dragged away to be tried for her Life before a Judge , for refusing to pay the Dog a Loaf , which he affirmed he lent her . And upon the Sheep denying she had ever borrowed any Bread of him , as was true ; a Kite , a Wolf , and a Vulture , considering the advantage that would accrue to them by the Sheeps Conviction , came into Court to justifie the Accusation ; There , when without scruple of Conscience , they had given in their false Evidence upon Oath , the innocent Sheep was found guilty , and being Condemned , was by the Dog and his perjured Companions , carried away and devoured .

The Dog in this Fable being made the Sheeps Accuser , from whom she rather might have hoped for protection , shows , that those Persons whose Friendship we have most reason to expect , do often prove our greatest Persecutors : And to render our Calamities the more effectual , they can set up False witnesses against us ; Who are a sort of Vermin , the meer Disgrace of Mankind , for they dare stand up with the greatest Impudence to justifie their invented Accusations , being Men who have no Principle in them of Morality , much less any dread of the Divine Law , which declares , that the false Witnesse shall not go unpunished . So that with them nothing is held sacred , nothing inviolable . These impious wretches , before an Earthly Iudge , dare call the great Creator , and Iudge of Heaven and Earth to witness their Perjuries , so to make their Impostures be believed ; by which they take away from the Innocent Person his Life , Estate , or both ; who then expecting but little favour in this World , must make his appeal to Divine Iustice for relief ; The Magistrates all this while being deceived by the appearance of Honesty and Probsity in these Perjurers . Nor is Aesop to be blamed for thus roughly treating these false Witnesses , in comparing them to the Kite , the Wolf , and the Vulture , since really considered , they are worse than Devils , who may be made to speak Truth , tho against their wills , which is more than these Monsters can be compelled to do . 〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉 , is the Advice of Phocylides . Do not , says he , forswear thy self , for the immortal God hates him that Swears falsly .

FAB. XXIV . The Geese and Cranes .

CErtain Geese and Cranes feeding together in a Meadow , the Fowlers came on a sudden to surprise them ; but the Cranes being light , quickly flew away , whilst the Geese that were corpulent and unweildly , before they could raise themselves upon their Wings , were all caught in the Nets .

At the taking a City by an Enemy ▪ the poorer sort of People , with no great difficulty may , escape , whilst the Rich are easily seized .

FAB. XXV . The Hart Drinking at the Fountain .

WIth great delight was a Hart surveying all the parts of his Body , as he was Drinking at a clear Fountain ; but most proud was he to behold his large branching Horns , as the greatest Ornament of his Person ; till fixing his Eyes and Thoughts on the smalness of his Legs , he was ashamed of them , they not bearing a due proportion with the rest of his goodly Fabrick . Whilst he was in this consideration , he heard the hallowing Noise of the Hunters , and Cry of the Hounds , which made him betake himself to a speedy flight , with the Dogs at his Heels , running swift as the Wind till he came to a thick Wood ; but there being hindred in his speed by the largeness of his Horns amongst the Bushes and Brambles , he was quickly overtaken by his Enemies the Hounds . And as they were about to tear him in pieces , he then blamed his late preposterous Expressions , wherein he had despised his nimble Feet , which had so often preserved him , and foolishly praised those spreading Horns , the cause of that his miserable Death .

Thus men too often despise the things which ought to be most valued by them , and cherish those which bring with them , their ruin and destruction .

Non quel , che par ; ma quel ch'è buono apprezza . Prize not what seems , but what is truly good .

FAB. XXVI . The Country-man and Fortune .

IN digging the Earth , a Country-man found a Treasure of Gold ; and for a Memorial of the great Benefit there received , he daily brought a Chaplet or Garland of Flowers , which by way of Gratitude he left on the place . But Fortune appearing to him , asked him why he attributed her Gifts to the Earth ? which ; said she , I gave thee on purpose to encrease thy Riches ; for I know that if times should change , and this Gold go to another hand , thou wouldst then accuse Fortune for the loss .

This Fable admonishes us to acknowledg our true Benefactors , and to pay them a grateful respect .

FAB. XXVII . The Ass's Shadow .

DEmosthenes the famous Greek Orator , pleading in Athens the cause of a certain Man , who was there accused of a Capital Crime , and observing that the Judges gave him but little attention ; they being either half a Sleep , or Whispering amongst themselves . And to this purpose , continued he ( raising his Voice somewhat higher , ) O ye Judges ! will I relate to you an admirable Story , if you please , of the shadow of an Ass. At these words , the Judges ceased their Discourse , and having commanded a general Silence : There was a young Man , proceeded the Orator , who in Summer time , had hired an Ass , to carry goods from thence to Megara ; with which coming about Noon to a place on the Road , that afforded no Shelter against the Scorching Beams of the Sun ; and being tired with walking , he took off the Load , and was about to have lain down on it , in the shadow of the Ass ; which the Owner , who went with him to bring back his Beast , would not suffer , but forced the young Man away , and alledged that though he had hired the Ass , he could have no pretence to the shadow of it . The young Man on the other side , insisted on his right ; for I having purchased , said he , with my Money the use of the Ass for this day , he is only at my disposal , and I , as his true Proprietor , during this Journey , ought to have the sole enjoyment also of his Shadow . Heat of Argument betwixt these two , at last produced a Quarrel , and from Words they fell to Blows . But after a fierce Combate , which could not determine the right of one or the other to the Asses Shadow ; with bloody Noses and swel'd Eyes , they were glad to leave off by consent , and to proceed on in their Journey ; both resolving that at Megara they would joyn Issue , and try it out by Law. Demosthenes coming thus far , and observing the Court very attentive to his Fable , made a sudden pause , and was going from the Bar , but being called back by the Judges , and desired to go on with his Story : Are you , said he , so ready to listen to a foolish Tale of the Shadow of an Ass , and yet stop your Ears in a Cause wherein the Life of a Man is in Question ? Can you listen with pleasure to such idle Tales ▪ and are you so soon weary with hearing serious Matters ? After this great man had on this manner given a reproof to the Judges , he took up the subject of his Oration where he left off .

Erasmus relates this Apologue in his Adagies : And I could wish ( continues my Author ) that many of our Magistrates Ears now a daies , were not more attentive to such Tales of the Shadow of an Ass , I mean , to things triffling and ridiculous , than to those whereon depend the Lives and Fortunes of poor men in distress . This may also show us that the greatest part of our Quarrels , and Lawsuits , are about the Shadow of an Ass , or Subjects altogether as frivolous .

FAB. XXVIII . The Wolf , the Fox , and the Shepherd .

AFter a plentiful Dinner a Wolf laid him down to rest before his Den ; where being found by a Fox , he was asked the reason of his lying there on that manner ? I am seiz'd alas ! with a sudden Fit of Sickness , answered the Wolf , which I fear will quickly carry me out of this World , unless it be timely prevented . If therefore , you have the Friendship for me , you sometimes assure me you have , pray be so charitable to go and implore the favour of the Gods for my Recovery . The Fox perceiving his Neighbours Dissimulation , and that all his Grievance was , left in his absence , he should be robed of his great Stores laid up against Winter , pretended to go , but went directly to a Shepherd , whom he instructed where to find the Wolf ; assuring him it was no hard matter to kill him . The man running thither surprised the Wolf and destroyed him . After this , the Fox with great Joy seized on all the Wolfs Stores which were left in his Hole . But the triumph for this Conquest was but of short date , for the same Shepherd came soon after to this Hole , and finding the Fox in possession of it surprised him as he had done the Wolf ; and being about to kill him , Surely , cry'd the Fox , this is a Divine Judgment upon me , after having cuningly circumvented another to his Destruction , who was my Neighbour , that I my self should also suffer Death by my own Treasons .

Many times those Persons who out of Envy and Avarice have procured the Ruine and Destruction of others ▪ do happen to suffer likewise themselves , by their own Plots and Machinations . Invidiae ipsissimum praemium est , alienae Felicitatis perire .

FAB. XXIX . The poor Man that lost his Daughters Portion .

AN Ass , and a large pot of good Wine , was almost all the substance of a poor Wretch , who marrying his Daughter , had promised for her Portion all the Money for which he should sell that Wine and the Ass. But it unfortunately happened on the very Wedding Night , that the Ass fell sick , and just before he expired , as he was strugling for Life , he kicked out his Legs , brake the Pot , and spilt all the Wine ; by which the Bride was deprived of her Dowry .

This cautions us not to build our hopes on the things of this World , which are so uncertain .

FAB. XXX The Basilisk and the Weasle .

WIthin a horrid Den , whose entrance was covered with Weeds and Brambles , dwelt a venomous Basilisk , who there lay in wait to destroy the several Beasts , which unhappily came that way . From thence he had cast his poisonous Eyes on a harmless Weasel , whom he often observed to pass boldly within the Walks of his Precinct , and expected to stick dead with his Looks as it went to drink : But the little Creature by its Prudence , made impotent and void all the endeavours of its wicked Enemy . For this Industrious Warrior being defended by his proper Arms , durst face the dangerous mouth of that dismal Cave , knowing himself safe , whilst equipped with a branch of Rue , which is said to be a Preservative against all manner of Venom ; for with this Herb he always girt his Body , still expecting to meet his Adversary ; and by this means preserved himself from the mortal Contagion .

This admonishes a weak man to defend himself prudently against a stronger , and one more powerful than himself : That he take good Advice , stand upon his Guard , and depend not so much upon his own Strength , as Wisdom , in the repelling the Violence , and subtll Stratagems of such Enemies . This may properly be said to be , Confilio & viribus munita defensio . Resistite Diabolo & fugiet a vobis .

FAB. XXXI Cybele's Priests and the Ass.

THE Galli , who were Priests of Cybele , Wife of Saturn . were wont to carry the Image of their Goddess with them from Town to Town , Singing , making Musick , and strange noises , with Drums and other Instruments ; by which they picked up Money in the several places where they came . These Priests had an Ass , whereon they carried about their Luggage ; which Ass being dead , with his daily hard Labour , his continual Beatings and ill Usage by the Priests ; they flea'd him , and with his Skin headed a Drum. Some People afterwards asking them what was become of their old Friend the Ass , whom they used to make much of ? They were by the Priests , answered on this manner : He had thought he should have been at rest and quiet , at least when dead , but you see we still contiune beating him even after his Death . Phaedrus says : Qui natus est infelix , non vitam modò Tristem decurrit , verùm post obitum quoque Persequitur illum dura Fati miseria .

He that is born to be miserable , not only suffers his Afflictions during the course of his life here ; but the rigour of his cruel Fate pursues him , even after his Death . This was the saying of a Heathen , who had no knowledg of a Heaven or a Hell : But more remarkable was that of Aelius Adrianus , the Emperor on his Death Bed.

Animula vagula , blaudula , Hospes comesque Corporis , Quae nunc abibis in loca ? Palidula , rigida , nudula , Nec , ut Soles , dubis jocos :

FAB. XXXII . Phoebus , Boreas , and the Traveller .

BEtwixt Phoebus and Boreas arose once a Dispute , which of them was of greatest strength . The tryal whereof , was at last agreed to be made on a Traveller , whom they saw riding along the Road ; And he of the two , that could soonest force off the Travellers Cloak , should be acknowledged Victor . First then Boreas attacked him with a blustering Storm , whilst the Traveller wrapping himself up well in his Cloak , rode briskly on a long time , struggling with all his might and main against it ; so that the Tempest had not its expected effect upon him . Phoebus next began to dart forth his Fiery Beams , which proving most violently hot , soon made the Traveller Sweat , and melting him still more and more , he was at last forced to pull off not only his Cloak , but his Coat also , and lay them before him on his Horse .

Prudence and Policy are better than Strength ; and he is most to be commended , who by reason and fair means , rather than by force , shall bring others to condescend to his desires . Duci voluat Homines non cogi . Men will do that by Perswasion , which they will not be brought to by Compulsion . Moderata vis impotenti violencia potior . And that of Sophocles , 〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉 , &c.

Non enim ampli neque lato , dorso viri minime falluntur sed Sapientes recte vincunt ubique .

FAB. XXXIII . The House Dog , and Hunting Dog :

CAreful had the Master of two Dogs been in breeding up one of them to Hunt , but to the other he only gave the charge of his House ; and of what Game soever the Hunting Dog caught , the House Dog had alwaies his share . This the Hunter very much stomacking , could not forbear on a time , to express his Resentment of to his Idle Companion . 'T is very unreasonable , said he , that I should continually be forced to take great pains in Hunting , while you stay lazily at home , and after all , that you must on this manner be maintained by the fruits of my Labour . You blame me wrongfully , answered the House Dog , who in this thing cannot have deserved your anger ; for you should rather quarrel with my Master , who never bred me up to any pains taking , but thus to live on the Labour of others .

Those Persons who have been bred up lazily , and to no manner of Business , are not so much to be blamed as their Parents , whose Carelessness or Indulgence , afforded them no better Education .

FAB. XXXIV . The Moor or Aethiopian .

STrangely was a man mistaken , who having bought an Aethiopian , or Black-a-moor , imagined that that swarthy colour came by the fellows Slothfulness , in neglecting to keep himself clean ; and with great Labour and Industry would fain have washed him white , but it was Impossible ; For all the many changes of Water , and all the pains taken in rubbing and scrubbing him , could not make the Aethiopian change his hue .

This shows the Impossibility of changing that which Nature has fixed in Man ; And exposes their Folly , who would attempt things which are impossible to be done .

Non poteris rectum Cancris inducere gressum ; Nec leves horrentis Echini reddere sentes .

FAB. XXXV . A true History which happened in the time of Augustus Caesar. Related by Phaedrus , in his Fables .

'T IS dangerous both to Believe , and not to Believe ; which I briefly can make out by Examples . For Hippolytus lost his life , because his Father Theseus believed Phaedra , his Sons Mother-in-Law against him : And Troy was destroyed , because the Trojans would not believe Cassandra their Prophetess . Therefore must we carefully examine the verity of every thing ; lest by taking wrong Impressions into our minds , we be induced to give rash Judgments of them . But for fear I should lessen this Truth , by these Fabulous Stories of Antiquity , I shall relate to you a memorable Accident , that I knew in my time .

A Man who dearly loved his Wife , and had a Son to whom he was almost ready to give the White Robe ( which was for Youths of about Fourteen or Fifteen Years of Age ) had also a freed man , who plotting to become his Masters Heir , pulled him aside , and whispered false Stories to him against his Son , and more against the Honour of his Wife , who was really chast : At last , he added that which he thought would utterly destroy the Affection he knew he had for her ; That she frequently entertained a Gallant , who used to come to her in private ; which Infamous Correspondence of theirs , would blemish the Reputation of his Family with Adultery . The Credulous Husband transported with rage against his Wife falsly accused , pretended to take a Journey into the Countrey , but privately staid in the Town where they dwelt , and coming home suddenly in the Night into his House , went directly up into his Wives Chamber , where the Son lay a sleep in the Bed with his Mother , who would have him near her , to take the greater care of him at this Age. Whilst the Servants were running about to get a Light , this impatient man not able to restrain the violence of his Jealous Passion , stept towards the Bed ; where , as he groped in the dark , finding the Head of somebody whom he felt had short Hair , he thrust his Sword through his Body , not thinking on any thing but the satisfying his Revenge , for the affront done to his Honour . By and by when the Light came , he saw his Son Murthered , and by him his chast Wife lying in the Bed , who being but in her first Sleep , heard Nothing of what had happened : The Husband when sensible of the horrid Crime he had committed ; he , as a punishment for it , ran himself through the Body , with the same Sword , with which his rashness and credulity had thus made him kill his own dear Son. The Accusers afterwards prosecuted this Woman , and brought her to Rome , before he Centumviri , or Hundred Judges . There was her Innocence blackned with scandalous Surmises , because she remained Mistress of the Estate : But her Friends pleaded hard in her vindication ; 'till the Judges at last were forced to beseech the Emperor Augustus , that he would be pleased to help them to acquit themselves of their charge , they not being able to determine so ambiguous a Matter . This wise Prince having dispersed the Clouds of Calumny , which had 'till then obscured the Ladies Vertue , and penetrated to the very bottom of the Truth of this Affair , pronounced this Judgment ; Let the Freed-man , said he , who was the only cause of all this Mischief , suffer the punishment he deserves : But as for the Woman , who has lost both her Son and Husband , I rather think her worthy of Compassion than Condemnation . For had the Husband taken good care to have examined these scandalous accusations against his Family ; and had diligently made search into the matter to discover its Original , he had not committed so horrid a Deed.

Do not therefore slight any thing that shall be told you ; and yet do not immediately believe all you shall hear ; for many times those are guilty , whom you think most Innocent ; and those most maliciously accused as guilty , who are really most clear . The meanest Capacities may learn from this History , not to pass a rash Iudgment only from the insinuating Suggestions of another ; for men being pushed on by different Desires and Passions , do ordinarily act either by aversion or by favour . So you ought not to think you know a man by any report of him , 'till it be confirmed by your own Knowledg . I have been longer upon this subject than ordinary , for the sake of those who are not so well satisfied with short Stories . Ne sis credulus maxime Criminatori .

FAB. XXXVI . The Wasps , the Patridges , and the Husband-man .

CErtain swarms of Wasps met with some Coveys of Patridges , who being all very thirsty , went together to a Country-man to beg of him Water to drink , promising to make him a large requital of the Favour . The Patridges would oblige themselves to dig his Vineyard so well , that his Vines should yield next year an extraordinary plenty of Grapes : And the Wasps with large protestations engaged to defend his Vineyard from Thieves ; by their continual rounding it . I thank you Friends , said the Country-man , for your kind offer , but I have a pair of Oxen , which though they promise me nothing , yet perform all this work for me : 'T is therefore more fit I should with water gratifie them , than you .

We are not obliged to maintain and encourage those who are Idle and Unprofitable , whose only aim is to live by their boasting pretences , but are known to perform very little .

FAB. XXXVII . The Serpent and the Crab.

THere being a Friendship made between a Serpent and a Crab , they dwelt lovingly together , till the Crab , who was of a plain and simple behaviour , had observed certain cunning Tricks , practised by the Serpent upon him , which he disliked , therefore admonished him friendly to leave off that malicious subtility , and change those his ill manners . But the Serpent slighting this wholsom Advice , the Crab watched an opportunity , and catching him asleep , pinched him so strongly with his Claws , that he killed him ; who as he was dying , stretched himself out at full length . This the Crab perceiving , Ah , cryed he , Hadst thou when living , been thus streight and plain in thy Actions as here thou lyest , thou hadst not undergon this severe punishment of this incorrigibleness .

Those Persons who run on in ill Courses , and neglect good Counsels of prudent men , do most commonly happen to receive a just reward of their wickedness .

FAB. XXXVIII . The Country-man and the Stork .

FOr destroying Geese , Cranes , and other Fowles , which spoiled his Corn , a Country-man had set up Nets , and in them took also a Stork , who earnestly implored his Favour for the saving her Life ; alledging she was no Crane , but an innocent Bird , that did injury to none : And in one respect , which was the performing her Duty to her Parents , far excelling all other Birds , because she took a diligent care to preserve and nourish them in their Old Age. All this , said the Country-man , is no Argument with me , for since you have been taken in ill Company , you shall ' een suffer with them .

This Fable shows the danger of keeping bad Company ; for whosoever associates himself with ill men , that live by unlawful Courses , though he be innocent , it often happens that he also shares their punishment . Improborum Contubernia fugienda sunt , ne fo rs cum ijs deprehensi , alienae improbitatis cogamur poenas luere .

FAB. XXXIX . The Hog and the Fox .

TO a Market , as a Man was driving an Ass loaded with a Hog , a Goat , and a Sheep ; the Hog cryed and made a lamentable noise all the way : which a Fox hearing , asked him the reason of ? since his Companions suffered themselves to be so carried without murmuring . Alas , answered the Hog , I have but too much reason to afflict my self on this manner ! For I know that the Sheep furnishes my Master with Wool for Clothes ; and the Goat with Kids for his Table , as well as for increase of the Breed , and likewise with Milk to make Cheeses ; But wretched me , whom he knows fit for nothing else , I must expect he designes me only for the Slaughter .

They are not to be blamed , who lament for some Calamity they foresee is most certainly coming upon them . Non bisogna serrar la bocca quando parlar ti tocca . Ital. Non opportet tacere , loqui ubi est necesse .

FAB. XL. The Drunkard and his Wife .

STriving to reclaim a Drunken Husband from that filthy Vice , a poor Woman thought on this Contrivance ; She finding him on a time asleep , and , in so beastly a condition , Drunk , that he lay like a dead man ; She had him taken up and thrust into an old Tomb , amongst dead mens Bones , and there shutting him up left him . Afterwards , when she thought he might be come to himself , she returned to the Monument and knocking ; her Husband , who by this time was awake , asked who was there , and what they wanted ? I am come , answered the Wife , disembling her Voice , to bring Victuals to the Dead . Prethee , said the Husband , hast thou brought any Drink , for I hate to hear of Victuals and no mention of Drink . These words renewed the good Womans sorrow , who beating her Breasts and wringing her Hands , Alas Husband ! cryed she , I find I cannot reform thee by any Art , thou art so confirmed in thy Vice by custom , that in thee now 't is become a second Nature .

This admonishes us not to accustom our selves to vicious Actions , because it makes such men proceed on in them , and are hardly ever to be reclaimed .

FAB. XLI . The Cat and the Cock.

BY a quick surprise had a crafty Cat seized a Cock , whom he was about to eat , but wanting a plausible pretence for it , he charged him with the insufferable disturbance he gave to men , that they could not lie at quiet in their Beds for him . To which the Cock for his Justification alledged , that he did it to call them up to their Labour and necessary Occasions . But how , thou libidinous Creature , demanded the Cat , can'st thou excuse thy self , that in spight of all the Laws of Nature , dost incestuously mix with thy Mother , thy Sisters , and thy own Children ? I study in all this , replied the Cock , to promote my Masters Profit , that his Hens may lay him the more Eggs. When the Cat could fix no Crime on the Cock , of which he did not clear himself . Well , but added this unjust Creature , though thou canst thus readily answer my Accusations , thou canst not satisfie my hungry Stomach , with thy pramatical Arguments ; and saying this , he tare him in pieces and eat him .

When a wicked man would injure poor men , whom he has in his power , he seldom wants a fair pretence to do it : Or at least to whatsoever shall be objected justly against him , he urges an unjust Force for the obtaining his will . Homo malus millies plura mala , quam Fera facere potest , An ill man can do a thousand times more mischief than a wild Beast . Cum in vitae officijs caespitare homines incipiunt , ut utile honesto anteponant , facilem alterius nocendi occasionem captant ; atque quod jure nequeunt , per vim & nefas experiuntur .

FAB. XLII . The Gardiner and his Dog.

IT was an Act of great kindness and charity in a Gardiner , to venture down into a Well , for saving his Dogs Life , that had faln into it by chance . But the foolish Cur insensible of his Masters wonted goodness to him , thinking him come to assist in drowning him , bit and tare this kind man . Which usage angring the Gardiner , he made haste to clamber out , and leaving the Dog there to perish ; Art thou not , said the Man , an ungrateful Cur , that whilst I was charitably endeavouring to preserve thee , wouldst thus basely have murthered me ?

This Fable blames Folly and Ingratitude . To the same Effect another Story is told , of a man who riding on a dull lean Horse , upon the side of a high Hill , and in a narrow Path , from whence was a very deep Precipice ; he perceived by the Horses going that he had got a Stone in one of his hind Feet , which while his Master , being alighted , was endeavouring to pull out , the ungrateful Horse , had with a kick , almost thrown him down the Hill. To revenge which malice and stupidity , the man coming up by his Horses side , as if he would have mounted again , gave him with all his force a violent push , which tumbling him to the bottom , and breaking all his Bones ; There said the good man in great passion , is a trick for your trick , and the Stone in your Foot still . Horace speaking of such dull Fools , as are painted out by this Dog and Horse says . Quis enim invitum servare laboret ?

FAB. XLIII . The Bear and the Fox .

TO a Fox was a Bear extolling his own good Qualities , and valued himself upon this , that he scorned to feed on the dead Carcases of any Creature whatsoever : Methinks , answered the Fox , it would be much more for your Credit and good Reputation , to boast that you preyed not on the Living .

A Check to those who glory in that whereof they rather ought to be ashamed .

FAB. XLIV . The Oxen and the Axeltree .

AS a Team of Oxen were drawing a heavy Load of Timber , they often heard the Axletree make a creaking and complaining noise . To which one of the Oxen turning in displeasure ; While we , said he , take pains to draw the Load , what need you make all this out-cry .

Amongst Labouring Persons , the Idlest , and such as take least pains , are generally they who talk and complain loudest of their hard working .

FAB. XLV . The King and his Fabulist :

A Young Scholler , who much delighted in hearing Fables , importuned his Tutor to tell him a very long one . Take heed , said the Tutor , the same happen not to you , which once did to a King from his Fabulist . Good Sir , said the Youth , let me know what that was ? The Tutor then related to him the Following Fable .

There was a King who kept a Fabulist , or Composer of Fables , that when the King was inclined to Mirth , was to tell him five Fables , Tales , or Jests , for his Recreation . Now it chanced on a Night that the King being somewhat indisposed , and not able to fall a Sleep , sent for his Fabulist , commanding him to tell some other Tales , over and above the usual Number . He unwillingly obeying , quickly told three : but the King complaining they were too short , bad him think on others that were longer ; after which he should go to Bed. The Fabulist then began another on this manner . Once upon a time , there was a Country-man , who having by his Industry and good Fortune got together a considerable Sum of Money , went to a Market and bought with it two Thousand Sheep ; but in his Journey home , could not possibly get his Sheep over a River , neither by the common Ford , nor the Bridge , by reason of a sudden Flood , caused by some violent Showers of Rain , newly fallen there . The Country-man was troubled to think what he should do in this distress ; til at last he found a little Boat , in which he could make shift only to Ferry over a couple at a time . With this was he forced to begin to Row over his Sheep , by two and two ; and saying these words the Fabulist fell asleep . But the King calling , awaked him , and bad him proceed on in his Tale. May it please Your Majesty , said the Poor man , rubbing his Eyes ; The River is broad , the Boat small , and the Number of the Sheep very great ; I beseech you let the Countrymans Sheep be all Ferried over , and then I shall tell Your Majesty the conclusion of my Fable . With which pleasant saying , the King who was such a Lover of Fables , was well enough satisfied .

If therefore , my Child , said the Preceptor to his Pupil , you henceforward trouble me with your Impertinency to tell you long Tales , I 'll put you in mind of this , to make you be contented with what I think fit to tell you . Tanto es lo demas , como lo de menos . Sp. Too much of one thing is good for nothing .

FAB. XLVI . The Dog , the Ass , and the Fox .

DOubting his of own Ability singly to encounter a Wolf , a young brisk Dog resolved to seek out a Companion , on whose Courage and Assistance he might depend ; and meeting an Ass , whom he concluded to be of sufficient Strength , because he had often seen him carry very heavy Burdens ; and having heard his War-like Voice , sounding like a Trumpet , he could not but suppose him Valiant , and a fit Companion to join in this Enterprise . Whereupon taking him for his Assistant , away they went together to give the Wolf a Challenge , that they might provoke him to the Combate . But so soon as the Ass saw him approach with that grinning Fury towards them , he ran his way , leaving the Dog to Fight it out alone .

We cannot Iudg of any mans Valour , neither by the greatness of his threatning Words , nor the strength of his Body . No todos los que estudian , son letrados , Sp. Non omnes qui habent Citharam , sunt Citharedi . All those who bluster in Red Coats and Scarves , are not fit to be made Generals .

FAB. XLVII . The Wolf and the Woman .

ROving about in search of Prey , a hungry Wolf came one Morning to a Country Cottage , where he heard a Child cry , and the Mother endeavouring to quiet it , often threatning to give him to the Wolves that should eat him . By this saying , the Wolf was put in hopes of a good Meal , and waited there all day in expectation of having the Child thrown out to him ; but in the Evening the Child was quiet , and his Mother making much of him : Thou art said she , my best Boy ; if any Wolves come for thee , we 'll set the Dogs on them and kill 'um . The Wolf hearing this , was sensible that he had all this time , been under a Delusion ; and turning him in anger ; I 'll be gone ( cryed he ) from this House , where they say one thing , and intend another .

This Fable may be told to those whose Actions and Words do not agree ; who make large Promises , whilst they think of nothing less than the performance of them ; Or according to a Spaniards Note upon this Fable of Avienus ; El que no quiere ser enganado , no deve dar credito a la fe●y inconstancia de las Mugeres ; and again , No deves de confiar en palabras de muger . Both which may be explained by the Old Latin Saying ; Mulieri ne credas ne mortuae quidem .

FAB. XLVIII . The Kid and the Wolf.

'T Was a strict and prudent charge , that a She Goat left with her beloved Kid , at her going abroad ; That upon pain of her Displeasure , and at the Peril of his own Life , he should on no pretence whatsoever suffer any one to enter within the door of the House , no , nor open it , till her return . Which command a Wolf over-hearing , went thither presently after the Mother was gone , and knocking , counterfeited the Goats Voice , demanding entrance . But the wary Kid perceiving the Deceit , preremptorily refused him : T is true , said he ; thou dost cunningly imitate the Voice of a Goat , but I can plainly see a Wolf through the Chinks of the Door .

T is a safe and profitable thing for Children to obey the Commands of their Parents , who know by good experience , what is best for them .

FAB. XLIX . The Gods and Momus .

JUpiter , Pallas and Neptune , were heretofore striving which of them should give the fairest Gift to the World ; First the mighty Iupiter created a Man ; In the next place , the Goddess of Arts built a stately House ; and lastly , the Deity of the Sea made a fierce Bull. Then Momus the busie Judg was summoned thither , commanded to view them well , and to give his opinion of them . He , after surveying them , began to find fault with Neptunes placing the Bulls Horns in his Fore-head ; alledging , that those Weapons of War , might more properly have been fixed on his Shoulders , with which he would have been able to charge his Enemies with greater Force . Next he began to Carp at the Mind and Understanding of Man , that was shut up in his Breast , but might have been much more conveniently placed without him , or be seen through a Window , that so all the Thoughts of his Heart might be discerned . And as for the House he disliked it , blaming the Contrivance because it did not move upon Wheels , that its Master might be able to go about in it , and remove into other Countries upon Occasion , to avoid ill Neighbours , or to shun some great Evil that threatned him .

This Apologue exposes the rash and foolish Disparagers of good Things , because they would have a great value put upon their own Iudgments . Aristotle mentions a Fable almost like this , in his Third Book De partibus Animalium , and shows tho Folly of Momus 's Ridiculous Opinion herein . Damnari , carpique etiam rectissima possunt . Faern . The most perfect Things may be carped at and condemned : 〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉 .

FAB. L. The Devout Seamen in a Storm .

WHilst a Ship was miserably tossed about by a violent Storm , the Seamen and Passengers were zealously offering up their Prayers to their several Gods , Demi-Gods and Heroes ; One to Cebele Mother of the Gods , Another to Castor and Pollux , a Third to Hercules , Others to Saturn , Pan , Iuno , Ceres , Venus , Neptune and the other Sea Gods , &c. according as their Devotions enclined them ; beseeching them earnestly that they would interceed with Iupiter the great Deity of Heaven and Earth , for their Preservation in this their Distress . Which Error of theirs , a Prudent Officer of the Ship observing , Alas , my Friends , said he , ye know not what ye do , for before these lesser Gods and Demi ▪ Gods can leave their several Occasions , go to Iupiter , and supplicate him on your behalfs for our Deliverance : Our Ship may be left to perish in the Sea . Let us therefore address to him , who is the supream Disposer of all things , and implore his Help , for he is best able to deliver us in this Exigency , is most ready to hear us when we call on him , and needs not the Mediations of others ; for that methinks would be to derogate from his Almighty Power , and to give Attributes to them , which belong to none but to their Soveraign only . This discreet Advice they all followed , and in a little time the Storm ceased .

When the help of one is wanting , who is able to give it , is also ready to admit of our Petitions , and willing to assist us , why should we fly to others for it , who are not capable of affording it ?

FAB. LI. The Peach Tree , and the Apple Tree .

BETWIXT A Peach Tree , and an Apple Tree , arose a Question , which bare the best and fairest Fruit ? each speaking in praise of her own , and dispraise of that which her Opponent bare , in the most violent and passionate Terms she was able to express : All which a Bramble in a neighbouring Hedg hearing , he came forth to them , and putting himself betwixt them ; You have quarrelled enough , said he , about nothing , For since each of you bear Fruit which is admirably good , and beautiful in its kind , what need you thus carry on a needless Brabble . Let me therefore advise you to be Friends , that you disturb not the Peace and Quiet of us all , to engage us in your private Quarrels .

Mean Persons do often by their prudent Conduct , compose Differences betwixt Men of considerable Rank and Quality .

FAB. LII . The Young Mole , and its Dam.

THE Mole is a Creature naturally blind . One of which calling on a time to its Dam , Mother , said she , I smell a very strong scent of the burning of Frankincense ; A little while after , I hear , added she , a noise as of a Smith hammering Brass ; And a third time , I see , continued she , at some distance a high Chimny . Her Mother hearing these Extravagancies , Daughter , said she , gently reproving her , so far as I can perceive by thee , Nature has not only made thee destitute of the sense of seeing , but likely of those two other Senses of hearing , and smelling .

Boasters while they pretend to great Things , are for the most part discovered and confuted in the smallest Matters :

Hoc lucrum mendacij Fabricatores consequuntur , ut nec cum vera dixerint fidem inveniunt . Inventors of Lyes obtain this Benefit , that when they speak truth , they cannot be believed .

FAB. LIII . The Shee Goat , and the Wolfs Whelp .

AShe Goat armed with indifferent large Horns , began to have good Thoughts of her own Ability to encounter , or at least defend her self against , any of the other Beasts which frequented those Pastures . And meeting once a Wolfs Whelp , she was advancing briskly towards him : But he who knew himself not able to resist her , by reason of his tender Age , began to flatter and praise her ; by which he so far insinuated himself into her favour , as to have the Confidence of beging leave to Suck her Duggs , whose Milk he pretended to long for ; alledging that to him , who was so young and weak , and had been so long deserted by his Mother , it would be a Cordial Nourishment , and of no great Prejudice to her . This request was kindly granted by the Goat , who without considering it , fed a most dangerous Enemy : But when she saw him grow up bigger , she began to fear him ; and tho she had before treated him as her Son , yet so soon as she became sensible of the hazard her Life was in , she for the future avoided him , considering she nourished her own Destruction .

It may be a charitable and prudent thing to lend assistance even to an Enemy , upon some urgent Occasion ; but not so as to incommode our selves , or to give him a greater Power than we have ; by which he may be able to offend us . Insignis cujusdam Prudentiae est , ita Inimico necessitate urgente commodare , ut tibiipsi non incommodes .

FAB. LIV. The Old Man and the Three Cheats .

FOR a Sacrifice to some of the Gods , had a Zealous Old man bought a Kid ; but carrying it home , was espyed in his way by three men , who took delight to put cheating tricks on those they thought Ignorant ; and guessing this man to be such , they plotted together how they might become Masters of the Kid. To this end they accosted him , one after another . The First , Saluting him , I wonder , said he , that a Man so grave and sober , as you seem to be , should thus madly carry a Dog on your Shoulders . 'T is ridiculous enough , said the Second as he passed by , to see a Man of your Years and Gravity find no better Imploy ment than thus to walk about with a Dog at his back . Father ▪ said the Third , coming up to him , is this Dog to be Sold , that you lug him about on this manner ? The good man hearing the first mans saying twice confirmed , believed it to be really a Dog , and that himself all this while , by reason of his Age had been mistaken ; so that being ashamed of his Error , he let fall the Kid , and going home , left it for them , who carryed it away , and made merry at the eating it .

A false thing being confirmed by often Repetition , comes at last to be believed , and to pass for a current Truth .

FAB. LV. The Lyon , the Wolf , and the Fox .

AGe and Sickness having Obliged the Royal Lyon to keep within his Den ; all the other Beasts went to make him their Visits , except the Fox ; which neglect being ill resented , the Wolf laid hold on this occasion , and most maliciously suggested to the Lyon , that it was for want of respect to him who was their King , that the Fox came not to pay him his Duty . Whilst the Wolf was thus impeaching him ; the Fox by chance entered the Cave , where he heard by the close of the Speech , how vehemently he had been accused , and perceiving the Lyons passion to be extreamly moved at this Information ; he , with great presence of mind , thus expressed himself . Who amongst all your Subjects , Royal Sir , has shown that care and concern for the Life and Health of his King as I have done ? who have been travelling many Countries in search of a Medicine that might Cure you ; and now at last , by my great Industry , have , I hope , found out a present and most effectual Remedy for your Distemper . The Lyon over joyed at the News , asked what it was ? It is to take a Live Wolf , answered the Fox , strip off his Skin , and wrap it about your back , where your chiefest pain lies . This must be applied while the Skin is reeking warm ; and in a short time it will give you ease . The Lyon hearing this , commanded the miserable Wolfs Skin to be torn off , which was immediately done , and applied to the Lyons back . And as the wretched Creature lay gasping on the Ground , the Fox looked earnestly on him , and speaking low , Let none hereafter , said he , presume to Incense his Prince to anger , against another as great and politick as himself ; but rather let him endeavour to pacifie him with fair words , by which he may prevent a mischief falling upon his own head .

Who make it their Business to ruin others , are commonly observed at last to suffer by their own Stratagems .

FAB. LVI : The Viper and the Fox .

UPon a Bunch of Thistles , as a Viper sate Swimming , which the Current of a great River by chance had washed from the Shoar , and was carrying away down the Stream ; a Fox espyed him , and calling in Derision to him ; 〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉 , said he , 〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉 . Thou art even a fit Marriner for such a Vessel .

Against ill men , who miscarry in some dishonest Enterprises .

FAB. LVII . The Monkey , the Cat , and the Chestnuts .

MAny Attempts had a Monkey made for some Roasted Chestnuts , which he saw lying in the Embers , and earnestly longed for , but could not come at them with safety to his Fingers ; nor could he reach any Instrument , that would serve to draw them to him . At last he contrived to effect the business , by means of a young Cat , who lay sleeping in the Chimney Corner . Her he caught up , and holding her fast in his Arms , stretched out one of her fore Feet , and with it pull'd out the Nuts . The injur'd Cat afterwards expostulating in Tears with the Monkey about her burnt Claw , asked him how he could be so cruel to her , whom he must needs think to be as sensible of the Fires heat as he was ? And that from himself he might take Example of the Infirmity of another . The Monkey in few Words eluding her Complaint , I cannot said he , deny but that this Jest was somewhat rough , yet ought you not to grumble at so small a matter because it is a very wicked thing for any one to live so sloathful a Life as you do

Very much do those Men resemble this crafty Monkey ▪ who in some affair of great Difficulty , will for their own Advantage make use of others ▪ even to the hazard of their Lives ; and by deluding Perswasions or down-right Force , care not what Mischiefs they plunge their Instruments into , so they may attain their own Ends , and keep themselves scot-free .

FAB. LVIII . The Unjust Governour forced to refund .

THE Governour of a Province , who had exacted unwarrantable Sums of Money in the Collecting of his Taxes , was called to account for his Extortion , and afterwards forced to make Reparation to the respective Persons concerned ; which he did with much Reluctancy , Of whom one of that Province said , This our Praetor Imitates Women ; who when they conceive Children , do it with great Pleasure , but their bringing them forth , is with incredible Pain and Torment .

We should not unjustly take away other mens Goods , lest we be forced shamefully to return them again , to our great Sorrow and Trouble .

FAB. LIX . The Fox , the Cock , and the Dogs ,

SHarp set with Hunger , came a Fox towards a Cock and his Train of Hens , who espying his approach , Flew up into a Tree : Which sudden retreat the Fox disliking , and seeing they were out of his reach , he changed his measures , and drawing nearer them with respect , kindly saluted them , asking the occasion of that disorder they seemed to be in ; and if the happy News had not as yet come to their knowledg ? I hear no News , answered the Cock , nor know I what it is you mean. 'T is , replied the Fox , what you will be much pleased with ; and I come hither on purpose that you may share the Joy with me . You are to know , continued the Fox , That at a general Conference which has been lately held for the publick Good , there is a perpetual Peace established amongst all Creatures , in such manner , that from hence forward , being free from all Fears and Jealousies , we shall all live together without doing one another any harm or injury ; you may therefore securely come down , and let us celebrate this happy Day . The Cock perceiving the Fox's subtilty . You bring us , said he , most joyful News : And at those Words he stretched up himself to raise his Head as high as he could , seeming to look at something that was at a great distance . The Fox therefore demanded what he looked so earnestly at . I see , answered the Cock , a couple of Hounds come swiftly running this way , and Imagine by their Speed , that their Errand is to Proclaim the Peace here . Then fare ye well , said the Fox ; For I must tarry here no longer , but take care to secure my self in time . Why , demanded the Cock , what need you fear any harm since the general Peace is made ? Because , reply'd the Fox , these Dogs may not perhaps have heard of the Ratification thereof , as yet .

On this manner is it necessary to answer one subtilty with another . Un engano con otro se deshecha ; say the Spaniards . One crafty trick may be defeated by another .

FAB. LX. The Weasle , and the Man .

IN a Mouse Trap , a man happened to catch a Weasle , who seeing she could not make any escape ; Pray , said she , be so courteous to let me go ; for you know I have done good Service , in clearing your House of Mice and Rats . Had you done this for my sake , answered the man , I would have spared your life , and given you your liberty ; but you kill'd those Vermin for your own ends , to eat of them , and to keep for your Stores ; and what Provisions the Mice left , you used to spoil , or with them to feast your selves . So that you cleanse my House indeed , but it is for your own Profit ; and your Intention was to serve your self , not me .

We should take notice of the Iust Intention of every Favour done us , and not barely the Pretence of it .

FAB. LXI . Mercury and Tiresias the Diviner .

MErcury being desirous to try whether or no Old Tiresias the Theban Prophet who had been many years blind , was so skilful in the Art of Divination , as he was famed to be . To this end , therefore the God took on him Humane Shape , and having first driven away the Old Man's Oxon which fed in a Pasture near the City , he came to Tiresias , as if he would consult him in some Affair . In the mean time , an Account was brought of the loss of the Cattle . At which News , the Prophet was troubled , and taking Mercury with him , he walked abroad into an open Field , that by the flight of Birds , he might discover the Thief . He therefore bad Mercury look about and tell him if he could see any Bird in the Air ; Mercury told him , he saw an Eagle , which flew from the Left hand towards the Right . That does not do our Business , said Tiresias , therefore try if you can see some other . A little while after Mercury , acquainted him , that he observed a Crow sitting in a Tree not far off , which often raised her Head , looking up towards Heaven , and afterwards enclined it down towards the Earth . Tiresias then Understanding the whole matter . This Crow , said he , swears by Heaven , and by the Earth , that if you have a mind to it , I shall have my Oxen restored safely to me again .

This Fable may properly be used to a Thief , before he knows he is discovered .

FAB. LXII . The Lyon , and the Bear.

THE Lion , King of the Beasts , preparing to fight with the Birds , set his Army in Order for the Battle , composed of all the several Species of Creatures under his Dominions ; None were excused from their Duties , the very Ass , and the Hare , amongst the rest were drawn up in some of the Battallions ; which a Bear observing , asked the Lion of what advantage two such Creatures could be in that Army ; the one notorious for Dulness , and the other for his timerous Cowardice ? Oh , they are of considerable Use , answered the Lion ; For the Ass with his Braying , will serve as a Trumpeter to Encourage my Army to fight ; and the nimble Hare , as a Courier to carry abroad my respective Orders and Dispatches , when Occasion shall require .

No one is so contemptible , but may serve us in some Employment or other . But such a one , must always show his Desire and Readiness to serve ; Servi Dominorum sequantur imperia . And Q. Curtius advises well . Servo utilius est , says he , parere Domino , quam afferre Consilium .

FAB. LXIII . The Swallow , and the Nightingale .

IN the Solitary Woods , as a Swallow for her Pleasure was by chance flying about , she espyed a Nightingale sitting alone , and sweetly singing ; where she was bewailing in most passionate Notes , her own Misfortunes , and the untimely Death of her Nephew Itys . The Swallow coming towards her , and saluting her ; Dear Sister , said she , whom I am much rejoyced to see , this being the first time I have ever been so happy since we left our beloved Country of Thrace : Let me entreat you to leave these unfrequented Desarts , and come with me to the Villages amongst Men ; where we shall dwell together , and love each other as Nature obliges us . For there thou mayst sing to those who will admire thy Musick , and not to Wild-Beasts , Deaf Trees , and Rocks . Pray give me leave kind Sister , answered the Nightingale , to continue here in my Retirement . For alas , the very sight of a House , or any Conversation with Men , brings to my Memory all my past Calamities .

'T is better to live quietly in a Wilderness , than with Trouble and Vexation in the most Magnificent Palaces . To those who have suffered some grievous Misfortune , the very sight of the Place where it happened , renews their Affliction .

FAB. LXIV . The River Fish , and the Sea-Calf .

BY force of the Stream , a fresh-water Fish was carryed down a River into the main Ocean , where boasting of the Noble Race , from which he was descended , he dispised all the Sea-Fish , that happened to converse with . Till a Sea-Calf , not able to endure his Haughtiness and Folly , thus checked him . Should thou and I be taken , said he , and carried into the Market together ; thou wouldst soon change thy Opinion of thy own value , seeing me bought for a Noble Man's Table , and thy self slightly disposed of for a Meal to some Peasant .

Great Boasters are commonly derided , and silenced , by Speeches which they are grieved to hear .

FAB. LXV . The Fight betwixt the Birds and Beasts .

VEry bloody was the Battle betwixt the Birds and the Beasts , which being maintained on both sides with great Obstinacy , the Event continued doubtful for some time ; during which , the Batt observing the furious Charges made by the Beasts , their mighty strength , and the Greatness of their Bodies , she became fearful of the success , quitted her Party , and sided with the Beasts . But the Eagle having his Army strengthned by fresh supplies , pressed upon the Enemy so vigorously , that after a considerable slaughter , the Beasts gave way , and were constrained to run ; leaving the Birds Masters of the Field . After this Battle a Treaty being held , in order to a Peace between them ; the Articles were agreed on , signed , and ratified on both sides . Then was the treacherous Batt , brought and tryed before a Court Marshal , for deserting her Colours , all her Friends and her Kindred , and Fighting against them , in service of the Enemy : For which unnatural Crime , she was sentenced to have all her Feathers stripped off , and that she should never dare to appear again in the Suns light , but fly about in the Night-time naked . And after this , she was ever-more had in contempt , as well by the Beasts as Birds .

It is not reasonable that they who Desert their Relations and Friends in their Adversity , should afterwards partake of the Advantages they may come to enjoy in Prosperity . It also stigmatizes such as basely renounce their Country , to assist the Enemies of it . And though it may seem strange that Aesop should not punish this treacherous Bat with Death ; yet if we consider that he who is once Executed , is for ever taken from the presence of the living , and in a short time forgot : But our Traytor in the Fable , has a mark of Infamy set on him . He is striped of his Equipage , and Condemned never more to appear in the Suns light ; whereby he is made a living Example , for ever , to deter others from being Guilty of the same detestable Crime . Nor does the Bat get into favhr with the Beasts , but they according to the Old Maxim , Love the Treason , but Hate the Traytor ; No es Buen Ciudadano el que tratta , con los Enemigos de la Ciudad , como no pueda alguno serbir a dos Senores . He is no Friend to his own Country , who assists the Enemies of it , on any pretence whatsoever .

FAB. LXVI . The Estridge .

THE Estridg , called Strutho-Camelus , is a Creature bred in Africk , partly a Bird , and partly a Beast ; It hath but two Legs , and the Hoves of its Feet , divided like those of a Hart ; it is feathered also , and hath Wings , but cannot raise its self from the Ground . This Creature at the great Battle aforementioned of the Birds and Beasts , had the Misfortune to be taken Prisoner by the Beasts , who were about to treat him as an Enemy ; but he showing his Feet , asked them , if they supposed him a Bird ? By which , the Beasts being deceived , suffered him to remain with them in safety . Not long after , when it was towards the end of the Battle , the Estridge was again taken by the Birds ; amongst whom , being in danger of losing his Life ; he affirmed , he was a Bird , and for Proof thereof , shewed his Wings , Head and Bill . On this manner , he imposed on them both , and preserved himself .

This Fable shows , that those who pretend to serve Two Masters , do on this manner , play fast and lose with both .

Deficit ambobus qui vult servire duobus .

FAB. LXVII . The Ape and her Young.

THE Female Ape is reported to bring forth two young ones at a time ; of which she fondly loves one , and cares but little for the other . One of these Female Apes , with her Twins , was running away to avoid an approaching Danger , having that which she best loved , in her Arms , and the other hanging on her Shoulders ; But in her hasty flight , she chanced to strike the head of her Darling against a Stone , of which bruise it dyed . Whilst the other for whom she had so little Affection , hanging fast about her Neck , escaped without harm .

It often happens that the Son least beloved by his Parents , has better Fortune than the Darling , who is too frequently spoiled by their over fondness of him . When he must not , for fear of prejudicing his health , and killing him , he expos'd to the heat of the Sun , to the cold Winds , nor to the Rain , or any unseasonable Weather ; Is not this to make him effeminate ? When there is such Care to be used about the choiceness of his Diet , the feeding him by Weight and Measure , and often Physicking him : Is not this the ready way to throw him into some dangereus Distempers , and to hasten his Death ? Why then should Childrens Constitutions , be accustomed to that which may fail , and not rather to that which they may scarcely expect ever to miss of ? Is it possible , to make them hate Idleness , and yet breed them up only in Wantonness and Pleasures ? To teach them Sobriety , and yet suffer them to go on in an uncontrollable Course of Rudeness and Extravagance ? And to take from them all Apprehension and Dread of their Enemies , whilst they are made afraid of every cold blast , or showr of Rain . And yet this excessive Fondness of Parents , has far worse Consequences , since it corrupts the very Soul. For if good Instructions be a second Birth , and if that depend on , and be improved by the checking of Vices , to which our Nature is but too subject ; Do not the Indulgent Mothers destroy their Children , whilst they will not suffer them to receive a just Correction for their Faults ? If they be permitted to run on in a full Carrier of their Rage and Revenge ; is not this to encourage them hereafter to be Assassinates ? If they be left to execute their private Piques , and Malicious Tricks , on their Brethren or Companions , is not this to make them become Traitors ? If they be not chastiz'd for their loose , and obscene Words , and Discourses ; Is not this to give them a fair Encouragement to Lewdness and Dehauchery ? And if they be commonly suffered to eat to excess ; is not this to make them Gluttons ? So that I may say of such Mothers ; It had been better they had been Barren , than thus promoted the Ruin of their Children . Hence I infer that Youths , the less they are Humored in their own idle Fancies , and Extravagancies , and the less indulged by the Fondness of their Parents ; become afterwards the more Sober and Vertuous . For we find that by these means they attain to a strong Constitution of Body , which makes them Generous and Adventurous Men ; That Exercise makes the best Blood ; That Sobriety in their Child-hood is confirmed in them , when at mature Age. And in a word , that Youth not spoil'd by Flattery , is capable of all Vertue .

FAB. LXVIII . The Fishers .

WIthout any Success had certain Fisher-men been tiring themselves all day ; but in the Evening as they were Rowing empty homeward ; a great Fish , was pursued in the Water by some other , more powerful than her self , leaped for Refuge into the Boat ; and was taken by the Fishers ; who carrying it into the City , sold it for a great price .

What Art and Industry cannot effect , is sometime done by chance .

FAB. LXIX . The Archer and the Bear.

IN search of Game , as an Archer with his Cross-bow and Arrows went prying through a Wood , he espyed a Dear , which he shot , and hanging it at his back , was carrying it home . But in his way , he met a terrible Bear ; This he coveted also to make his Prize ; wherefore laying down the Dear , he let fly a poison'd Arrow , with which he pierced the Bear through the Body . The fierce Beast being sensible of the mortal Wound he had received , made up to revenge it on his Enemy , and seis'd the Archer , as he was just prepared to have seconded his shot ; Which forced him to let fall his Bow , ready drawn , and fixed with another poysoned Arrow , and endeavour to resist the Bear 's fury ; But this was in vain , for being soon wounded and miserably torn by him , they both fell down dead together . Presently after a Wolf coming that way , and seeing such a stock of Provision lye there on the ground , rejoyced ; yet was so covetous , that though he had a good Appetie he resolved to save it till another time , and content himself at present with the Bow-string ; which beginning to catch hold on with his Teeth , he pressed down the Button of the Wrack with his Nose , and shot himself through the Heart .

Unreasonable Avarice is the Occassion of many a Man's Death .

FAB. LXX . The Horse and the Wolf.

A Good Inclination had a fierce Wolf , pushed on by his keen Appetite , to attack a Horse which he saw feeding in a Medow ; but doubting his own Ability to master him by plain force ; he resolvd to try what he could do by Policy , and advancing towards him , began to boast of his admirable skill in Physick , and Chyrurgery ; kindly offering him his Service if there were Occasion . The Horse perceiving his drift , Most opportunely , said he , has Apollo sent thee his Son , another Esculapius , to assist me in my Distress ; and counterfeiting a Lameness , he told the Wolf , he had by chance struck a Thorn into his hinder Foot , and extreamly wanted his help , to ease him of the Torment , he then endured . Which the Wolf readily promised , telling him , That since there appeared to be no Tumour in the Place affected , he doubted not , but that having once drawn out the Thorn , he should with the first Application , make a Cure of it ; and stooping to take up the Foot , the Horse gave him with all his strength , so violent a kick , as left the counterfeit Physician for some time half dead on the Ground , and then ran away . After a while , the Wolf recovered his Spirits , and getting up as well as he was able : I have small Reason to complain , said he , sighing ; for this cursed Horse has made but a just Retaliation of Fraud , and paid me home in my own Coin.

Every Enemy is to be feared , but especially he who pretends to be a Friend . Fere fit ut qui de aliis circumveniendis ac supplantandis satagunt , simili aut majori astu illusi suae Fraudis talionem reportent , & quod in Paroemia est , In scrobem incidant , quam alteri effodèrunt . Another Author says very well . Insidiae Insidiatori insidiosae . Treachery for the most part proves Dangerous to the Contriver . And the Italians have a Proverb , L' vfficio , in ch' egli vale , ogni uno far' deve . Every Man should Exercise the Trade he has been bred to .

FAB. LXXI . The Hen that laid Golden Eggs.

A Woman had a Hen which every day laid an Egg of Gold : She , therefore imagining that her Hen must needs have a great Mass of that Noble Mettal within her , killed the Hen , but found nothing there , more than in other Hens . Whereupon being grieved at the Loss . Ah wretched Woman ! cryed she , that through the immoderate greediness of my Heart to obtain a mighty Treasure , have thus deprived my self of a moderate Gain , which I so long enjoyed with ease .

We should be content with an Honest Gain , left striving after vain Projects , we lose what might maintain us in Quiet and Happiness . Immodicas Cupiditates & avidos Divitiarum animos Compescamus , ut sua quisque Fortunà Contentus vivat .

FAB. LXXII . The Thief and the Hangman .

UPON the Gallows , as a Thief sate lamenting his Misfortunes . Alas , unhappy Wretch ! cryed he , that am here to suffer Death , whilst my Master who taught me this wicked Trade , must survive , and who by right ought to have been first hanged . Nay , said the Executioner , but it is fit you should be punished , that took no better Care for the thorough understanding of your Business . My Confession , replied the Thief , showed that I was no bad Schollar in the Art of Thieving . But , said the Hangman , you were short in the main point , which was to have known when to leave off .

'T is a most commendable Thing ; to be able quickly to leave off doing Wickedness ; for who in this Life sins not , and is not guilty of Offences ? But he is best , who not only abstains from the least Faults , but from the fewest : He , I say , is the truly Good Man , qui quod fieri non oportet , id facere cito desinit ; who soonest forbears that which he ought not to do .

FAB. LXXIII . The Thrush and the Swallow .

A Young Thrush boasting of the Friendship she had contracted with a Swallow . Thou art a Fool , said her Mother , to make a Friendship with one of a different Constitution from thine , and is , as I may say , of a different Clime ; for she Delights to reside in hot Countries , and thou in Cold.

We should not think we can make those our Friends , who are of different Manners , and different Tempers from Ours .

FAB. LXXIV . The young Mouse , the Cat , and the Cock.

WIth great Care had a tender Mother bred up a young Mouse her only Son , and chief Hopes of the Family ; and till that day had been so fearful of his Life , she would never suffer him to go alone , beyond the Mouth of her Cavern . But his Courage being confirmed with the growth of his Body , and now become brisk , he would no longer endure such close Confinement . So that having tired his Mother with his continual importunity , she at last consented to let him venture beyond his usual bounds ; yet not to straggle farther than the next Room , or just to cast an Eye into the Yard : And that in this Progress , he should move with caution , not openly in the Light , but only peeping up at the Chinks of the Floor , or through some hole of the Wall. The little Mouse rejoyced as if released from Prison ; Yet remembring his Mothers commands kept himself still within his Limits . From whence , as he stood gazing through a Crevice , he beheld a grave white Cat walk soberly to the Door , and thence into the Yard , where sitting a while in the Sun , she put her fore-feet under her head , and lay down . The young Mouse from the Wall viewed her , was pleased with her graceful Look , and in his mind admired the Gravity and Sobriety of her Deportment . But whilst he was considering her with this Pleasure , and about to go nearer her ; a Cock coming hastily that way , clapping his Wings and Crowing , struck so great a Terrour into our small Travellour , that forgetting his Design of courting the Cats Favour , he ran back affrighted and trembling to his Mother ; who hugging and making much of him , My Child , said she , what is the matter ? O dear Mamma ! cry'd he , what have I seen ? What was it , demanded the troubled Mother , thou sawest ? Oh Mamma , answered he , I saw a terrible Creature , with a piece of Flesh on his Head like a Crown , and Horns growing on his Leggs ; who with Things like Arms raised up himself , and beating his Breast , and Flank , made such a horrible screaming noise , as almost scared me out of my Wits : Where I prithee , said the Mother , didst thou behold this formidable Sight ? At the Door , replyed he , just as I was intent with my Eyes and Thoughts , admiring a Beautiful Creature , whose modest Countenance , and humble Look , had so won upon me , that I was advancing towards her , to have contracted a Friendship with her , had not that ugly thing , come flying , and making that dreadful Noise , which put me into that affrighted and trembling Condition you saw me in but now . The Old Mouse , perceiving who he meant by the lovely Creature , he was so pleased with , and who , by that which had scared him : My Dear , said she , be not afraid of that haughty thing hereafter , which made the terrible noise , for he will never do thee harm : But for all the Mildness , Silence , and Gravity , of the other Creature thou so much admirest , Do thou avoid her as present Death ; nor ever venture to look on her , or the Place where thou sawest her . In a word , take care to shun her , and all others of her kind , as thou valuest thy own Life and Safety .

We are taught by this , not to Iudg of Persons by their Looks , and outward Appearance : Also that those blustring Sparks , who make the loudest Noise , are not so much to be feared , as commonly the Sober Men of few Words are .

The Italian Proverb is , Non giudicar dal volto il buono , o ' l rio . Iudg no Man's Vice or Vertue by his Face .

FAB. LXXV . The Tanner and the Hunter .

TO a Tanner on a time , came a Hunter , offering to sell him a Bears Skin at a cheap rate , provided he might have the ready mony paid him down ; and confessing that he had it not in his Custody as yet , but ingaged on the morrow to kill the Bear , and bring him the Skin . Next Morning the Tanner desirous to see the Sport , with him ; climbed up into a Tree , whence he saw the Hunter go boldly to the Caves mouth , and thence with his Dogs rouse a terrible Bear ; at whose comming out , the man missing his first thrust , the furious Beast came rushing violently upon the Hunter , and threw him along on the Ground . Now he knowing the Nature of this Creature , which is never to prey on dead Carcasses , held his Breath , and counterfeited himself dead : The Bear smelling about his Face and Ears , and not perceiving him breath , went away . When the Tanner saw the Bear gone , and all the danger over ; he came down from the Tree , and bad the Hunter rise ; who with the fright was almost dead indeed ; But getting up and having recovered his Spirits , the Tanner laughing , asked him what the Bear had whispered in his Ear ? He advised me , answered the Hunter , never for the future , to sell a Bears Skin , till I had first caught , and killed him .

We are not to account of uncertain things , as of things certain . Nor are we to Rejoyce and Sing , as if we had Conquered , before the Victory be obtained , knowing the uncertainty of War ; According to the Old Greek Proverb . 〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉 .

FAB. LXXVI . The Man that would count the Waves of the Sea :

UPon a time , a man sitting on the Sea shore , was endeavouring to number the several Waves , which the Wind , or agitation of the Sea drove towards him ; but being put out of his account , by a multitude that came tumbling one upon another ; he was so much troubled that he burst out into tears , for vexation , that he could not comprehend their Number . To whom a Fox coming , asked the occasion of his Trouble ? Alas answered the man , I had with great Industry taken pains for my curiosity , to count the number of the waves , as they rowled this way ; but by misfortune have been put out of my reckoning , and am quite confounded in the account . For those , past , answered the Fox , ne'er trouble your head , ' een let them go ; and begin your Account again from this very moment , with all the care you can .

This Fable shews that we are not so much to concern our selves , for the things that are past , as for that part of our Life which is yet to come . Lucian in his Dialogues , recites this Fable of Aesop , and calls it Fabula valdè erudita , a very Learned Fable .

FAB. LXXVII . The Asse the Ape and the Mole .

THe Asse was complaining how unkind Nature had been to him , in not adorning his Forehead with a fair pair of Horns , as she had bestowed on the Bull , the Stag , &c. And the Ape also lamented to him , her defect of a Tail , wherewith she might cover those parts which Modesty required should be conceal'd . Which two Complaints a Mole by chance hearing , arose out of the Ground , and putting her self betwixt them . How , alas ! said she , can you trouble your selves on this manner for such slight Causes ; you that are otherwise in all respects made compleat ? Whereas I am for ever excluded from the Beloved light of the World , and live unhappily Condemned to perpetual Night ; but tho' I am thus deprived of the greatest Blessing , that all Creatures enjoy on Earth , yet I make a Vertue of Necessity , and live quietly without murmuring .

Let him therefore who thinks himself miserable , keep an even Temper in his Afflictions , and submit himself to the will of God ; which he may more easily do , if he see , and consider that there are others more miserable than he . Conforto e al proprio il maggior mal d' altrui . The Italians say , 'T is some Comfort to us , to see other mens Miseries greater than our own . Solamen miseris , &c.

FAB. LXXVIII . The Fowler and the Lark .

WHilst a Fowler was busie in spreading and fixing down his Nets , for catching the Innocent Birds ; a Lark which sate beholding him , from the top of a Green Tree , asked him what he was doing ; I am , answered the man , laying the design of a noble City , which I intend to Build on this place , for the Entertainment of my Friends . But afterwards , when he had finished his Treacherous Work ; he , at some little distance hid himself amongst the Bushes ; Whilst the Innocent Bird believing what he said had been true , flew from her Bough , down on the ground , and setled near the Net , to view this pretended City , and to consider its Contrivance , Situation , and Limits ; and for her clearer Satisfaction in all these Respects , she went nearer , till her curiosity drew her within the Nets ; where being entangled , she remained a Prisoner . The Treacherous Fowler then rushing forth from his Ambuscade , ran to seize her , whilst she , not able to suppress her Sorrow , seeing her self about to lose her Life by his Hands ; Ah false and cruel Traitor ! cryed she , if thou proceedest to build thy City on this manner , for certain thy Streets will be empty of all manner of Inhabitants .

This unfortunate Bird would infer from hence , that the Insatiableness of Avaricious Lords , and Governours of Cities or Provinces , who have no bounds to their Appetites ; whilst they suck continually the Blood of their Subjects , do depopulate Cities and Countries , and ruine all before them . L'Avaritiade Governatori Peste è de Regni . The Avarice of Officers is the Plague of a Nation .

FAB. LXXIX . The mad Lion and the Goat .

LOoking down a steep Precipiece , a Goat espied in the Fields below a mad Lion , which ran with Fury and Extravagance , raving and roaring all about from place to place . This dreadful sight struck an Astonishment , and Terror into the Goat , not only for the Danger she her self was in , but all the other Beasts also , with whom he should meet ; That she was ready to drop down into the Valley , with the very dread and Consideration of it : But having a little recollected her Spirits , she broke out into such like Expressions . O Miserable Condition of us poor Beasts ! For if the Lion , our King , when in his sound mind and perfect senses , be so fierce , that there is no power amongst us all , able to put a check to his proud Will ; what can we do for our safety , now that he is void of Reason ? And that he , who was endued with such a mighty Strength before , has this Madness and Rage added to his Natural Valour ?

This wise Goat teaches us how dangerous and insupportable a wicked Fury is in a blind and ignorant Person , when it is also joyned with an unlimited Power . A doppia la Pazzia cresce le Forza. Madness doubles the Strength . Fulmen est , ubi cum potestate habitat Iracundia . Rage is a Thunder-bolt when it is assisted with Power .

FAB. LXXX . The Eagle and the Crow .

FRom the top of an high Rock , an Eagle sharp set with Hunger , seeing a Flock of Sheep below in the Valley , flew down , whence catching up a fat Lamb in her crooked Tallons , she mounted with it into the Air , and carryed it away ; which sight a Crow observing , became emulous of the generous Action , and resolved to attempt the like . To which end , making first a triumphing noise , she took her Flight down to the Flock , and stricking her Claws into the Fleece of a Sheep , foolishly attempted what was impossible to effect ; She then too late saw her Error , and was striving to disengage her self from the Wooll , wherein her ackard Claws , unskilled in that trade , were entangled ; but being espyed by the Shepherd , this bold Crow was taken , carried home , and given to his Children to make sport with . After which , she having her Wings pulled , and her Feathers torn off , became humble ; and when at any time , being thus disguised , she was asked what Bird she was ? she alwaies answered to this purpose ; Heretofore , as to my great Courage , I esteemed my self an Eagle , but now I am clearly convinced , that as to my Ability and Performance , I am no more than what I was born , to wit , a Crow .

Those Persons who attempt great Things , above their proper Sphere , and not correspondent with their Courage and Power , do not only happen to fail in their Enterprises . but commonly throw themselves into the greatest Miseries , and then become a Laughing-stock and Scorn to all that see them . Ogni Opra tua , col tuo Poter misura . Measure every work you undertake , with the Power you have to perform it .

FAB. LXXXI . The Old Horse .

GRown Old and unserviceable for the Saddle , a poor Horse was at last sold to Work in a Mill , where at his first Essay , being infinitely troubled , he sighing , said within himself : From which of the many brisk Courses , that I , in my Life time , have formerly run , have I here at last thrown my self into all this misery ?

None ought to be two proud of their Vigour and Strength of Body ; or their great Wealth and Honour ; for their Old Age may happen to be spent in endless Troubles and Misfortunes .

FAB. LXXXII . The Unskilful Physitian Affronted .

AN unskilful Physitian visiting a sick man , would have perswaded his Friends about him , that he was past all hopes of recovery ; notwithstanding they affirmed , there was but little Danger of his Life ; this being like one of those Fits , he had formerly , been two or three times seized with ; and therefore they entreated the Doctor to endeavour the removal of it . But he still persisting in his Opinion , advised his Patient to settle his Affairs in this World , and prepare himself for another , because he could not in all probability live above one day more ; and saying this , the Doctor went his way . A little while after , the Sick Man recovered , but continued very Weak and Pale ; In which condition his Physitian meeting him , and being astonished to see him , asked what News from the Shades below ? They , answered the Man , are very quiet , quaffing Healths in the Waters of Lethe . But of late Death and Pluto have been incensed against the Physitians , threatning them with great severity , because they do not suffer Sick Persons to Die. And Pluto's Counsel have made a Decree for the Banishment of all those Physitians , naming each Man in it , by his particular Name . And they were , added he , about to have banished you amongst the rest , had I not stood your Friend , and presenting my self before them , excused you , swearing you were no Physitian , and that the Title had only been given you by your Enemies , meerly to calumniate and abuse you .

This Fable is intended as an affront to Ignorant and Impertinent Physitians .

FAB. LXXXIII . The Fox and the Country-man .

AFter a Fox had divers times made a horrible Slaughter amongst a Country-mans Hens ; the mischievous Creature , for all his Subtilty , was at last taken in a Trap , and then begged earnestly to have his own Life saved ; promising the Man never more to do him any wrong , in that , or in any other kind whatsoever . Wert thou ever , said the Country-man , known to be faithful to thy Promise , I would willingly enough pardon thee ; but thou art so very false and treacherous , I can allow thee no Credit , and therefore thou shalt now suffer the just punishment of all thy Wickedness . And saying that , he killed him without further Expostulation .

We are advised by this Fable , not to give Credit to an unfaithful man , nor to pardon , when 't is in our power to punish him ..

FAB. LXXXIV . The Wolf and the Crane .

AS a Wolf fed too greedily on a Sheep he had worried , he was in danger of being choaked by a Bone , that by chance stuck in his Throat ; for he could neither swallow it down , nor force it up . This obliged the Wolf to search about for an Artist to help him in that Distress , and meeting a Crane , he with fair Words , and large Promises of a considerable Reward , perswaded her to undertake it ; who putting down her Long Bill into his Throat pulled out the Bone. But when she afterwards demanded of him the promised Recompence . Dost thou think it , answered the perfidious Wolf , but a small Recompence , that thou hast been suffered to draw back in safty thy Head out of a Wolfs Jawes , when it was in his power , ( had he not been kind to thee ) to have bit it off ? Be gon therefore , thou Fool , and esteem it a Sufficient Reward , that thou still enjoyest thy Life , which I could so easily have taken from thee .

This Fable is against such Persons as have been preserved from some great Mischief or utter Ruine , and have proved afterwards ungrateful to their Preservers . Beneficium disce tum pessime collocatum , cum in Ingratum confertur . A Benefit is meerly thrown away , which is bestowed on an ungrateful Man . Ingrati enim Fides tanquam Hybernalis glacies tabescet , & disperiet tanquam aqua Supervacua .

FAB. LXXXV . The Hedg-Hog and the Viper .

AT the approach of Winter , a Hedg-Hog entreated a Viper to let him lodg one Night in his Cave ; which favour he kindly granted , and having admitted him in , they lay down and slept together ; till the Viper being weary with lying on that side , would have turned himself ; but could not by reason of the Caves straightness , and the sharp Bristles of the Hedg-Hog , which pricked him : The Viper therefore civilly entreating his Guest to remove a little closer to the other side of the Hole . He , answered the Ungrateful Hedg-Hog , that finds himself uneasie , let him quit the Cave ; for my share , I will not give my self the trouble to stir an Inch one way or other .

Take heed of making such a one thy Companion , who being more powerful than thee , may thrust thee out of thy own House .

FAB. LXXXVI . The Man and Fortune .

HOW to become Rich in a short time , was the daily study of a Covetous Man , who being told by one with whom he consulted , that by Merchandizing was a very probable way to effect it ; He sold all his Goods and Patrimony , and with the Money , bought a Ship , furnished it with variety of Merchandise , and putting to Sea , he , by his Traffick in divers Countries , made such considerable Profit , that he returned home very Rich. Those who had known him before , admiring at so strange a Change , asked him , by what means he had acquired all that Wealth ? He told them , 't was by his Industry . After this , not being able to set Limits to his Covetous Desires , he must needs venture out to Sea again , where meeting with bad Weather , he , in a terrible Storm , lost his Ship , with all his Goods , and narrowly escaped in the Wrack , with his own Life . Being then asked by his Acquaintance , How he came to be reduced to that Low Ebb of Poverty ? I may thank , answered he , that Traytress Fortune for this Jadish Trick . Which Reproach when Fortune heard , she was angry , and appearing to him : When thou , said she , hadst got together a great Mass of Riches , thou gavest thy self the Glory of acquiring it ; but layest on me the blame of this thy ill Success .

This shows how much Man is enclined to extol himself , still boasting of the Riches , which God bestows on him , as if all were gained by his own Industry , and remembers not , that all our Benefits come from him , who is the Fountain of all Goodness . And whensoever any ill befals us , we are apt to lay the blame on others , without looking at home , for the Cause of it : Nor are we willing to acknowledge that any Miscarriage ever comes by our own Faults .

FAB. LXXXVII . The Lyon and the Frogs .

TOwards the Evening , in the Summer time , as a Lyon had been roving , at some distance from his Den ; he heard the noise of a vast number of Croaking Frogs , which resounding through the neighbouring Woods and Fields , made him suspect that some horrid Monster was come , and had taken possession of those Woods , with intention to hold him at Defiance , and incite the Beasts to rebel against him , and then by Force of Arms make himselfe Lord of all that Territory . These jealous Thoughts roused up his Courage within him ; and strait this Magnanimous Warriour directed his steps that way , whence he heard the terrible sound proceed . But when he appoached the Place , and beheld the clamarous Army of little Animals , that were able to form so great a Noise , he admired , and stopped his further progress . Then laughing at his own mistake and vain Suspition ; Well , Said he in his Heart , I could not have believed , that so great a Cry , could have come out of so small a Body . What could this infinite Number of Little Creatures doe , now , contemptible and unfit for all manner of Action , who yet make so horrid a Noise , if they had Bulk , strength and Heart given to each of them equal to mine ? Whilst he was saying this , all that loquacious Company , seeing so formidable a Creature amongst them , were struck with a suddain Fear , fled , and hid thmselves in the impure Waters of their Melancholy Lake .

Thus some inconsiderable Men giving their Tongues a Liberty of Blustring , and Hectoring , do almost affright others with their great Noise , tho without any Iust occasion , for they can only injure with the sound of their voices , and no more . A wise and Valiant Man should not therefore be concerned at the empty words of any Blusterer , But the silent Man , whose Deeds are seen before he expresses his Mind , He it is , of whom we ought to be most aware , according to the Italian Poet.

— Colui , che di Valore e ricco , Non suol' dal van parlar acquistar Merto . Of truly Valiant he deserves the name Who not by words , but Deeds , accquires his Fame .

FAB. LXXXVIII . The Peacock and the Soldier .

FOR an Ornament , had a Soldier stuck his Helmet with Estridges Feathers ; which a Peacock taking notice of , I have here , said he , Plumes much Finer , and far more beautiful than those you wear . The Soldier hearing this , compared them , and finding his words true , caught the Peacock , and Striping him of his Feathers , put them into his Helmet , instead of the others which he threw away . When this Peacock saw himself , thus plundred of his rich Train , he lamented , but could only blame his own Folly , as the Cause of all this great Loss .

It s dangerous boasting of our Riches , and showing our Treasure , for 't is the ready way to incite others to rob or deprive us thereof .

FAB. LXXXIX . The Man that hid his Treasure .

TO Secure his Money from Theives , a Man took and hid it in a Wood , Communicating the secret to none , but one of his Neighbours only , whom he had made his Confident , in some of his Cheifest Affairs ; which treacherous Friend soon after , going thither by Night , Stole it away . The Owner next day went to visit his Treasure , and missing it , immediately concluded his Neighbour to be the Theif . He therefore posted home , and thence to his Neighbours House , where with a feigned Transport of Joy , embracing him ; To morrow , my Friend , said he , we 'll to the Wood , and carry a Thousand other Staters of Silver , which I have gained by Merchandizing ; and there I 'll bury them with the rest of my Treasure . At this News , his false Friend carried back the Money to the place whence he had stollen it , hoping to get the whole : But the true Owner went , and finding his Money , brought it all home with him . Then meeting his Friend , Base Traytor , said he , and breaker of thy Faith , I have now in despight of thy Villany , got my Money again into my own hands , and there shall keep it safe from thy fingering . His Neighbour being thus out-witted , and not able to deny the Fact , confessed the whole Truth , begging his pardon and concealment of the matter .

He that grasps at all , holds fast nothing . Chi tutto abraccia niente stringe . It.

FAB. XC . The Old Man , his Son , and his Grand-Son .

AN undutiful Son , having got all his Fathers Estate into his hands , drove him out of Doors , and forced the good old man to retire into an Hospital . By which , as the Son passed some time after , the Father espyed him , and calling to him , Son , said he , pray be so kind to send me one pair of Sheets , of all the Goods you have of mine , and that cost me so much Pains and Industry to purchase for your benefit . He then touched with Compassion , sent his little Son with the Sheets , charging him to deliver them safe to his Grandfather . The Child took them , yet carried but one ; of which when his Father was informed , and chid him for it , asking him angrily what he had done with the other Sheet ? I laid it up , answered the little Knave , to keep it for you , against such time as you shall be in the Hospital , as he is now .

This Fable admonishes all Children to pay a just respect and duty to their Fathers and Mothers : For it is impossible , but that on the same manner which they treat their Parents , they themselves shall be treated by their Children , be it well or ill . Good therefore is the advice of Phocillides . 〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉 . First worship God , and then pay thy just duty to thy Parents .

FAB. XCI . The Parrat and the other Birds

IN a Princes Pallace hung a Parrot , which was had in great esteem , as well by the Prince himself , as the whole Court. At which the other Birds admiring , asked her , For what Reason they did her all this Honour ? Because , answered the Parrat , I imitate Man , and spake as Man does .

We should labour to Imitate Man , and speak like Man ; that is to perform the Actions of the best of Men , and speak like the best of Men , by which we shall acquire Honour and Respect amongst the greatest of Princes . 〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉 .

FAB. XCII . The Ant and the Grass-hopper .

ON a Sun-shine Day , after a rainy Season , at the beginning of Winter ; a great number of Ants or Pismires , marched in a long train out of their Hole ; each of them loaded with a grain of moist Corn , which they carryed out to dry in the Sun. This sight induced a miserable Grass-hopper , almost famished for want of Sustenance , to draw near them , and in an humble manner beg for some relief amongst them . Which one of the ancientest Pismires hearing , whose years and experience had gained him a more than ordinary respect with the rest , asked the Grass-hopper , In what he had imployed himself all the Summer , that he should already be reduced to such necessity ? Truly I spent my time , answered the Grass-hopper , in making a delightful Melody , for the Entertainment of such as frequented the Fields . Then truly , replied the Ant , Laughing , If you could live so Idly , in so plentiful a Season , only singing and making Musick , without taking care to provide for a time of Scarcity ; you may even spend the Winter in Dancing , to which your Body will be the more fitly prepared , not being over-charged with eating : For as for my part , I cannot think my self obliged to maintain one so lazy and unprofitable as you are , with the Fruits of my Labour and Industry .

Young Men , you that are in the Flower of your Age , and wast your precious time in Folly and Vanity , without thinking what will become of you , when you shall be grown Old : Consider well this Fable ; Open the Eyes of your Understanding , and learn by this wholsom Instruction ; That in the Spring time of your Youth and Strength , you are offered a fair Opportunity of making a Provision for the Winter of your Old Age ; which if neglected , you may reasonably expect to end your days in want and misery . The Italians say ; Che l' antico Proverbio é cosa vera , La Vita il Fine , il Di loda la Sera . The Truth 's approved which these two Proverbs say , Th' End shows the Life , the Evening Crowns the Day .

Propter frigus piger arare noluit ; Mendicabit ergo Aestate , & non dabitur illi .

FAB. XCIII . The Goat and the Bull.

TO escape a Lyon , as a Bull was running in hast , he met a Hee Goat , who perceiving the occasion of this Flight , prepared to encounter him ; which though the Bull saw , he passed by , but looking back on him with Indignation ; I am not afraid , said he , of thy Impudent Nodding , but 't is the pursuing Lyon I fear ; who , were he not at my Heels , thou shouldest soon know , what it was to affront a Bull.

'T is the certain mark of a base Spirit , to Insult over any one in distress . L' oppression del forte é ' ardir del vile . The Downfal of great Men , is the Triumph and Rejoycing of the Rabble .

FAB. XCIV . The Lyon and the Elephant .

ALong the side of a Forrest , were all the Beasts drawn up in order , by command of the Lyon ; who with his principal Courtiers attending him , walked by to view them ; whilst they humbly kneeling on their Knees to him their Soveraign ; thus paid him their Duties , all but the Elephant , who having no Joynts in his Legs , from his Shoulders to his Feet , could not Kneel . This gave certain Beasts , who were his Enemies , an occasion , enviously to accuse him to the King ; that of meer Pride , he had refused to pay him his Obedience : Which false Suggestion incensing the Lyon , he came to the Elephant , and looking on him with Fury ; Why , said he , is the Pride of thy Heart so great , that thou disdainest to pay me that Honour , which all the rest of my Subjects do ? My Soveraign Lord , answered the Elephant , I pay you Honour and Allegiance as it is my Duty ; but to Kneel , is to me impossible , for I have no Knees . If thou honour me in thy Heart , replyed the Lyon , 't is sufficient , and thy Homage is acceptible ; for no Man can act beyond his Power . The just Lyon then promoted the Elephant to great Honour , and severely punished his malicious Adversaries .

A Iudg ought to be careful that he give just Iudgment , and not suffer himself to be swayed by every publick Report , or private Insinuation , but to give Sentence according to the Truth of the thing : For he is not always Faulty , who is accused , but he that is proved to be so .

FAB. XCV . The Peacock and the Crane .

ONE Evening a Peacock and a Crane Supping together , the Peacock boasted , That he had more glorious Plumes than the Crane : I must allow you , said the Crane , to be a more beautiful Bird than any other ; but yet you can scarce Fly over the top of a House , whereas I am able to soar up as high as the very Clouds .

Some are to be honoured for one Excellency , and some for another .

FAB. XCVI . The Lyon and the Country-man .

INto a Fold of Sheep and Cows , which by neglect was left open , a Lyon slipping on a suddain , intending to seize one of them for his Supper , was there by the Shepherd shut in . The Lyon immediately perceiving it , made several attempts to have escaped out , but failing in all , he first fell upon the Sheep , tearing many of them in pieces , and then made great Slaughter among the other Cattle . Of all which the Country-man being a sad Spectator ; at last bethought himself , set open the Gate , and let out the Lyon , who returned back into the Forrest . The Shepherd's Wife , after she was a little recovered from her fright , fixing her blubber'd Eyes on her Husband . Did you not well deserve this Mischief , cryed she , that when you might have let the Lyon go off with a small loss to us , must needs shut him in , and urge him to destroy us ?

They who indiscreetly provoke great Men , with whom they are not able to Cope , deserve no pity when they suffer for their Temerity .

FAB. XCVII . The Ass that had Three Masters .

DAyly was a Gardiners Ass Importuning Iupiter by Prayers to give him a new Master , for the Tyrant he then served was so cruel to him , he was no longer able to suffer it . Iupiter , to answer his Request , gave him another , whose Trade being to make Earthen Vessels , the poor Ass was continually employ'd in carrying Pots about the Country , This tormented him worse than before : And made him once more Invoke the the God's Favour for another change . Which after long Sollicitation , Iupiter laughing , granted , and gave him a Tanner for his Third Master ; A man in all respects far more severe than his two former , particularly his hard working him , and short allowance of Meat ; which the miserable Ass having a while experienced , Alas ! said he , groaning forth the very anguish of his Spirit , How much more tollerable was my Slavery under my two first Masters , than this ; who will not care , I perceive , to break my Heart , for the advantage of my Skin , when I shall be dead .

Servants are apt to wish for their old Masters , when they dislike their new ones . And thus do Men wish for a return of their past Conditions , when they are not satisfied with what they enjoy at present .

FAB. XCVIII . The Country man and his Son.

GO , said a Country-man to his Son , take your Spade and dig the Field , that we may sowe it . The Son went out , but when he had viewed and considered the largeness of the Ground he was to work on , he was discouraged , thinking it impossible ever to be finished by one Man ; and therefore concluded it better , to spare his pains than attempt an Impossibility . So laying himself down , he spent the day in Sleeping and Idleness . The same thing he did the next , and the third day ; But when his Father came to see what progress he had made , and found the Field as yet undigg'd , he asked his Son , in what he had been employed , all that time . In nothing , answered he , for Alas ! what could I alone do , towards the Digging such a Field as this ? The Father perceiving his Sons Error , prithee , said he , try but to Dig eight or ten Foot a Day . In this , the Son was content to obey his Father ; and after a few days , seeing his Work go forwards pretty well , he began to be pleased , and was encouraged to settle to it with all his Endeavours , whereby he finished his Undertaking to the great satisfaction of his Father .

'T is a difficult thing to make a just Computation of our undertakings before hand : For some Works may be done with as much ease , as measured . The Greek Proverb sayes 〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉〈◊〉 , Principium dimidium totius . Incipe , dimidium qui caepit habet . There is a great Difficulty in well disposing matters at first , for oftentimes that seems hard to accomplish , which is done with Ease . This shows also , that Mens Studies and Undertakings are much encouraged by a successful Beginning .

FAB. XCIX . The Wolf , and the Horse .

RAmbling over certain Fields , a Wolf found a parcel of Corn , which being no Meat for him , he left ; travelling on further , but he met a Horse , whom he conducted to that place ; and there showing him the Barley : This I found , said he , and reserved on purpose for you , to have the pleasure of hearing you crump it between your Teeth . 'T was kindly done , answered the Horse . But if Wolfs could have eaten Corn , thou wouldst not have preferred the Pleasure of thy Ears , to the satisfaction of thy ever craving Stomach .

Those who are naturally ill , tho they do a good Act , cannot on a sudden be supposed to have changed their Inclinations , unless by some Accident .

FAB. C. The Husbandman and Jupiter .

A Husband-man , about to rent a considerble Farm of Iupiter , refused to undertake it , unless he had these Conditions granted him in his Lease , viz. That he , at his Pleasure might govern all the Seasons of the Year , when it should Rain , when Blow , be Hot Weather , Cold , Snow , or Frost , &c. This , after much pressing , Iupiter was content to grant ; and the Country Man had what Weather soever he thought needfull , at his Desire . But when the Harvest should have come , there was neither Corne , Grapes ▪ nor any other Product ; for by the imprudent Managment of the Husbandman , the Earth became Barren , and yeilded no manner of Fruit that year . The Poor Man at the Disapointment of his expected Crop , and loss of all his Labors , lamented and was extreamly sorrowful ; which Iupiter saw , and willing to show him his Folly and Vanity , who would pretend to know that better than himself , who knew all things so pefectly well . Friend , said he , you may , by this ill success , be sensible of your foolish Request , in making me govern the Seasons after your Discretion . But go your waies ; now , Plow and Sowe ; order your Vines and Fruit-trees , and make all other Preparations for the Year ensuing , which you were accustomed to do , leaving the Government of the Seasons to me for the future , to dispose them as I shall think fit ; by which you shall see the difference betwixt your Conduct and mine . This Advice the Man submitting to , had , the next Summer , a great Crop of Corn , a fruitful Vintage , and plenty of all things else , even beyond expectation ; and seeing his own Folly , he left the care of Governing all future Seasons to Iupiter ; wisely contenting himself with what Weather soever happened ; and all his Husbandry succeeded well and prosperously with him .

So should every one of us have our Trust and Confidence in him , who is the wise Disposer of all things , and not be continually troubling him with all our impertinent Requests ; for he who knows our wants better than we our selves do , if we use an honest Industry , will in his due time , give us a convenient supply of whatever is necessary for us .

The End of the Third Century of Fables .

The TABLE . 1 THE Quarrels of the Members and the Stomach . 2 The Swallow , and the Crow . 3 The Carter , and the Horse . 4 The Master , and his Dogs . 5 The Country-man at the Olympic Games . 6 The Stag , and the Oxen. 7 The Ape , and the Fox . 8 The Ape , and the Dolphin . 8 The Halcion or King-fisher . 10 The Sow , and the Bitch . 11 The Wolf , the Fox , and the Ape . 12 The two Frogs that were Neighbours . 13 The Oak , and the Elm. 14 The Horse , and the Ass. 15 Mercury , and the Statuary . 16 The Apes Head. 17 The Swan , and the Cook. 18 Aesop at Play. 19 The Dragon , the Country-man , and the Fox . 20 The Flies , and the Honey . 21 The Quarrelsom Young Man , and his Father . 22 The Liberal Man , and the Thieves . 23 The Dog that wrongfully accused a Sheep . 24 The Geese , and the Cranes . 25 The Hart Drinking at the Fountain . 26 The Country-man , and Fortune . 27 The Asses Shadow . 28 The Wolf , the Fox , and the Shepherd . 29 The poor Man that lost his Daughters Portion . 30 The Basilisk , and the Weasel . 31 Cybeles Priests , and the Asse . 32 Phoebus , Boreas , and the Traveller . 33 The House Dog , and the Hunting Dog. 34 The Moor or Aethiopian . 35 A true History , happened in Augustus's time . 36 The Wasps , the Patridges , and Husband-man . 37 The Serpent , and the Crab. 38 The Country-man , and the Stork . 39 The Hog , and the Fox . 40 The Drunkard , and his Wife . 41 The Cat , and the Cock. 42 The Gardiner , and his Dog. 43 The Bear , and the Fox . 44 The Oxen , and the Axletree . 45 The King , and his Fabulist . 46 The Dog , the Ass , and the Wolf. 47 The Wolf , and the Woman . 48 The Kid , and the Wolf. 49 The Gods , and Momus . 50 The Devout Seaman in a Storm . 51 The Peach-tree , and the Apple-tree . 52 The Young Mole , and its Dam. 53 The She Goat , and the Wolfs Whelp . 54 The Old Man , and the three Cheats . 55 The Lion , the Wolf , and the Fox . 56 The Vipers , and the Fox . 57 The Monkey , the Cat , and the Chestnuts . 58 The unjust Governour forced to refund . 59 The Fox , the Cock , and the Dogs . 60 The Weasle , and the Man . 61 Mercury , and Tiresias the Diviner . 62 The Lion and the Bear. 63 The Swallow , and the Nightingal . 64 The River Fish , and the Sea-Calf . 65 The Fight betwixt the Birds , and Beasts . 66 The Estridge . 67 The Ape , and her Young. 68 The Fishers . 69 The Archer , and the Bear. 70 The Horse and the Wolf. 71 The Hen that laid Golden Eggs. 72 The Thief and the Hang-man . 73 The Thrush , and the Swallow . 74 The young Mouse , the Cat , and the Cock. 75 The Tanner , and the Hunter . 76 The Man that would count the Waves of the Sea . 77 The Asse , the Ape , and the Mole . 78 The Fowler , and the Lark . 79 The mad Lion , and the Goat . 80 The Eagle , and the Crow . 81 The Old Horse . 82 The unskilful Physitian affronted . 83 The Fox , and the Country-man . 84 The Wolf , and the Crane . 85 The Hedg-hog , and the Viper . 86 The Man , and Fortune . 87 The Lyon , and the Frogs . 88 The Peacock , and the Soldier . 89 The Man that hid his Treasure . 90 The Old Man , his Son , and his Grand-son . 91 The Parrat , and the other Birds . 92 The Ant , and the Grass-hopper . 93 The Goat , and the Bull. 94 The Lyon , and the Elephant . 95 The Peacock , and the Crane . 96 The Lyon , and the Country-man . 97 The Asse that had three Masters . 98 The Country-man , and his Son. 99 The Wolf , and the Horse . 100 The Husband-man , and Jupiter . FINIS .

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