CULPEPERS
School
of
Physick
;
OR
The
English
Apothecary
.
A
Treatise
of
the
transcendent
Sufficiency
of
our
English
Herbs
,
as
they
may
be
rightly
used
in
Medicine
.
Being
a
brief
exact
Account
of
the
chiefest
Concernments
of
the
whole
Herbary
Art
;
as
also
of
the
Excellency
of
our
English
Home
Physick
.
Courteous
Student
,
WHat
can
be
more
pleasant
to
thee
,
then
the
enjoying
of
Medicines
for
cure
of
thine
Infirmities
,
out
of
thy
Native
Soyl
,
and
Countrey
,
thy
Field
,
thy
Orchard
,
thy
Garden
?
And
what
more
profitable
●nto
thee
,
then
thereby
to
avoid
the
infinite
Charges
rising
upon
the
use
of
strange
and
foreign
Medicines
,
whereby
not
onely
thy
sub●ance
is
wasted
,
but
thy
health
oft-times
greatly
●paired
?
This
is
then
that
Truth
which
I
com●end
unto
thee
.
As
England
aboundeth
plenti●lly
with
all
things
necessary
for
thy
mainte●ance
of
life
,
and
preservation
of
health
,
so
needeth
it
not
,
partly
through
Natures
instinct
,
partly
by
the
industry
of
men
,
sufficiency
of
Medicine
to
cure
the
sicknesses
and
infirmities
,
whereunto
our
Nation
is
subject
:
which
my
opinion
and
judgement
,
considering
the
use
and
custom
hath
long
been
to
place
greatest
value
in
strange
Medicines
,
and
the
practice
of
the
most
doth
ratifie
the
same
,
I
know
must
needs
seem
strange
unto
thee
,
but
read
,
consider
,
and
then
judge
,
and
at
the
least
let
me
enterchange
my
pains
with
thy
attentive
weighing
of
that
which
thou
shalt
read
,
prejudice
set
aside
:
and
that
a
way
may
be
made
for
the
plainer
handling
of
this
matter
,
I
briefly
define
a
Remedy
,
a
Medicine
,
a
Disease
after
this
sort
,
as
followeth
.
First
beginning
with
a
remedy
which
I
call
the
work
of
the
Physician
,
whereby
health
may
be
repaired
.
Physick
is
an
art
which
taketh
charge
of
the
health
of
man
,
preserving
and
maintaining
it
present
by
the
right
use
o●
meat
,
drink
,
and
exercise
,
with
other
such
helps
o●
nature
:
and
restoring
the
same
decayed
,
by
di●t
medicine
,
help
of
hand
,
or
surgery
,
instrument
severally
used
,
or
by
joynt
force
applyed
.
Which
three
are
Physick
instruments
,
whereby
the
actio●
of
curing
is
performed
,
which
action
I
call
a
remedy
.
And
the
second
of
these
instruments
,
namel●
a
Medicine
,
I
define
an
adversary
force
of
som●
natural
thing
,
equally
matching
the
proper
o●
next
cause
of
the
disease
.
Of
which
Medicine
herbs
,
trees
,
stones
,
minerals
,
and
mettals
,
earth
waters
,
and
all
fruits
,
are
matter
onely
,
and
n●●
the
very
Medicines
themselves
:
for
as
Physick
self
is
an
art
,
and
the
action
artificial
,
and
not
nature
,
so
are
the
instruments
of
the
same
action
artificial
and
not
natural
.
And
as
nature
affordeth
not
to
us
of
our
own
work
,
either
garments
,
or
houses
,
or
any
kind
of
instrument
,
but
onely
the
matter
whereof
such
instruments
may
be
made
,
leaving
with
us
an
industry
rightly
to
frame
them
,
and
wisdom
to
use
them
:
so
,
no
more
●is
Lettis
,
Poppy
,
Rhewbarb
,
or
Scammony
a
medicine
,
then
an
Oak
,
a
Table
or
Ship
;
or
a
Quarry
of
Stones
,
an
House
.
Moreover
,
all
medicines
standing
in
a
kind
of
relation
to
the
disease
,
which
by
means
of
the
Patients
age
,
sex
,
time
of
the
year
,
custom
,
and
such
like
occasions
,
greatly
vary
;
no
Nature
which
alwayes
keepeth
constant
in
her
own
kinde
,
can
therefore
either
be
a
Medicine
,
or
properly
bear
the
name
thereof
:
which
I
wish
to
be
noted
,
lest
it
be
thought
that
Simples
and
such
other
natural
things
were
Medicines
,
because
commonly
they
carry
the
names
of
them
.
And
thus
much
shall
be
sufficient
to
have
said
of
the
nature
of
a
Medicine
.
Now
a
Disease
(
which
remaineth
last
to
be
defined
)
is
such
a
state
of
the
body
as
thereby
it
is
unabled
to
perform
aptly
the
actions
thereto
belonging
,
or
those
actions
which
the
Soul
doth
accomplish
by
the
instrument
of
the
Body
.
Thus
much
briefly
concern●ng
the
explication
of
the
tearms
,
wherein
this
●ruth
is
propounded
.
Now
the
reasons
,
whereby
both
I
am
moved
to
be
of
this
judgement
,
and
●m
so
hardy
as
to
propound
it
to
others
to
be
received
,
whereof
the
first
riseth
from
the
Christian
Doctrine
of
Gods
Providence
,
which
as
it
serveth
greatly
to
establish
the
chiefe
points
of
Physophy
,
so
being
drawn
,
and
more
particularly
applied
to
the
maintenance
of
mans
life
,
carrieth
with
it
as
a
sufficient
provision
for
maintenance
and
preservation
of
health
,
a
like
furniture
,
and
as
answerable
to
the
necessity
of
the
Patient
,
health
being
decayed
.
I
will
not
stand
to
intreat
of
Providence
,
being
well
known
to
Christians
,
and
being
a
truth
in
Divinity
,
and
Christianity
,
cannot
be
false
in
Philosophy
.
Although
the
best
of
the
Ancient
Philosophers
and
Poets
have
alwayes
kept
it
as
a
sure
ground
,
who
as
they
serve
little
to
establish
us
,
having
a
surer
foundation
,
yet
may
they
justly
condemne
the
Atheist
of
this
Age
,
who
so
far
hath
quenched
those
remnants
of
the
light
of
the
first
Creation
,
that
all
things
seem
to
him
Fortune
and
Chance
.
There
is
no
Nation
under
Heaven
so
poor
and
destitute
,
but
it
hath
of
the
own
Countrey
soyl
sufficient
to
content
Nature
with
,
of
Food
and
Apparel
;
which
as
they
be
two
pillars
of
life
,
so
from
them
are
taken
the
means
of
preservation
of
Health
,
which
as
to
Beasts
are
applied
by
natural
instinct
,
so
are
they
used
of
man
by
reason
,
the
temperer
of
appetite
and
affection
.
This
provision
of
sustenance
is
most
agreeable
with
the
goodness
of
the
Creator
,
who
as
he
is
Authour
of
being
to
the
Creature
,
so
faileth
he
not
to
maintain
and
preserve
the
same
Creature
the
whole
term
of
the
being
thereof
:
and
because
the
necessity
of
the
Creature
is
perpetual
,
his
wisdom
hath
also
foreseen
,
and
provided
a
perpetual
supply
of
such
sustenance
,
as
is
fit
for
that
Nature
which
standeth
in
need
thereof
:
and
because
the
need
is
not
once
for
all
,
but
parted
into
times
,
varying
,
according
to
the
divers
disposition
and
nature
of
that
for
which
this
provision
is
made
,
he
hath
also
so
bestowed
his
goodness
in
this
point
,
that
at
all
times
to
all
things
,
necessary
sustenance
should
not
be
to
seek
;
and
this
extended
not
to
men
onely
,
but
even
to
bruit
beasts
,
and
all
things
which
require
nourishment
.
The
end
of
this
Provision
is
the
preservation
of
the
Creature
,
which
Nature
most
carefully
studieth
(
if
it
might
be
perpetual
and
eternal
)
thereto
to
bring
it
,
the
goodness
of
the
Creator
,
will
have
nothing
wanting
,
his
wisdom
will
have
it
wait
upon
the
necessity
of
the
Creature
:
wherefore
as
the
Earth
is
called
the
Mother
of
all
things
,
not
because
it
bringeth
them
forth
onely
,
but
yieldeth
them
perpetual
nourishment
,
so
is
the
Countrey
of
all
people
to
them
named
,
the
Parent
of
all
parents
.
Then
by
Natures
law
,
all
things
being
abundantly
ministred
unto
us
for
the
preservation
of
Health
at
home
in
our
own
Fields
,
Pastures
,
Rivers
,
&c.
how
can
the
Wisdom
of
God
,
and
his
Goodness
,
stand
with
the
absence
of
Medicines
and
Remedies
necessary
for
the
recovery
of
Health
,
the
need
being
as
urgent
of
the
one
,
as
of
the
other
:
and
so
as
great
an
occasion
of
practice
of
the
same
Goodness
and
Wisdom
in
the
one
as
in
the
other
?
which
being
most
plain
and
evident
,
it
followeth
necessarily
,
that
the
Medicine
should
be
as
ready
for
the
sick
,
as
meat
and
drink
for
the
hungry
and
thirsty
:
which
except
it
be
appplied
by
the
native
Countrey
,
cannot
be
else
performed
.
It
is
known
to
such
as
have
skill
in
nature
,
what
wonderful
care
she
hath
of
the
smallest
creatures
,
not
onely
giving
to
every
part
of
them
a
careful
discharge
of
sundry
duties
,
as
of
attraction
,
retention
,
concoction
,
expulsion
of
excrements
,
distribution
,
and
such
like
,
but
also
to
the
whole
creature
,
a
knowledge
of
Medicine
to
help
themselves
,
if
haply
diseases
annoy
them
;
neither
out
of
India
,
nor
Arabia
,
but
from
their
very
haunt
:
which
being
not
denied
to
them
,
much
more
is
granted
to
us
,
in
so
much
as
(
the
work
of
Nature
being
most
excellent
in
man
)
she
is
more
vigilant
over
mankinde
,
then
over
other
creatures
,
as
by
the
shape
thereof
most
plainly
appeareth
.
The
Swallow
cureth
her
dim
eyes
with
Celendine
:
the
Weasel
knoweth
well
the
vertue
of
Herb-grace
:
the
Dove
the
Vervine
:
the
Dog
dischargeth
his
maw
with
a
kinde
of
Grass
:
the
Spider
is
triacle
to
the
Monkey
:
the
Hippopotamus
dischargeth
the
abundance
of
his
blood
by
opening
a
Vein
:
and
Ibes
is
said
to
have
shewed
the
use
of
the
Glyster
:
and
too
long
it
were
to
reckon
up
all
the
Medicines
which
the
Beasts
are
known
to
use
by
Natures
direction
onely
,
and
those
not
so
far
fetched
as
our
Drugs
,
but
familiar
with
them
,
and
taken
from
the
place
of
their
Food
:
it
being
very
probable
,
she
hath
bestowed
this
gift
even
upon
all
,
one
having
interest
in
Natures
care
as
well
as
another
.
By
this
then
may
we
gather
,
if
Nature
fail
not
the
very
beasts
in
this
behalf
,
neither
sendeth
them
to
borrow
afar
off
,
much
more
is
that
performed
unto
us
the
Lords
of
all
the
Creatures
,
and
for
whose
use
all
things
were
created
:
except
we
be
thought
less
subject
to
diseases
then
they
,
wherein
we
be
so
little
priviledged
,
that
no
creature
in
that
respect
is
so
frail
as
we
,
and
those
most
subject
to
infirmities
,
which
are
governed
and
dieted
by
us
.
So
that
we
of
all
creatures
,
have
greatest
need
of
Natures
liberal
hand
in
this
behalf
.
For
be
it
for
the
most
part
,
we
are
more
healthful
then
sickly
,
and
so
have
greater
use
of
the
means
of
keeping
Health
,
then
of
restoring
,
yet
hardly
can
a
man
say
which
of
them
is
more
necessary
to
be
ready
and
prest
at
hand
,
the
danger
of
Diseases
being
alwayes
imminent
,
although
Diseases
themselves
be
not
alwayes
present
.
Now
,
if
to
any
the
reason
seem
weak
from
that
which
should
be
to
inferre
a
being
thereof
;
we
are
to
understand
in
the
Works
of
God
,
whatsoever
should
be
,
is
:
he
being
a
Workman
of
an
absolute
power
and
cunning
.
But
saith
one
,
The
East
and
West
Indies
,
Arabia
,
Barbary
,
the
Red-sea
,
are
the
Mines
,
as
it
were
,
and
the
Fountains
of
Medicines
;
and
Spain
,
Portugal
,
and
Venice
,
the
Vents
of
such
things
;
and
Navigation
the
means
to
obtaine
them
.
It
cannot
be
denied
,
but
those
Countreys
yield
many
strange
things
,
whereof
we
take
use
with
great
delight
,
and
Navigation
serveth
greatly
for
communicating
of
Commodities
,
and
enterchange
of
Merchandize
:
but
how
far
,
and
of
what
Commodities
?
Verily
of
such
,
as
if
our
delicacy
would
give
us
leave
,
we
might
very
well
spare
,
being
things
rather
of
superfluous
pleasure
,
then
necessary
reliefs
,
and
serving
rather
for
a
certain
pomp
,
then
for
maintenance
of
life
:
and
which
without
great
working
of
the
wits
,
might
be
proved
to
bring
more
harm
to
our
Countrey
men
,
then
commodity
;
both
in
respect
of
the
diversity
of
complexion
of
our
bodies
from
those
of
strange
Nations
to
whom
they
properly
belong
,
the
corruption
of
their
outlandish
Wares
,
the
selling
of
one
thing
for
another
,
and
the
withholding
from
us
the
best
of
choice
.
But
of
this
hereafter
.
Moreover
,
Navigation
being
of
a
later
invention
then
the
necessity
of
Medicine
,
neither
practised
of
many
Nations
at
this
day
,
cannot
supply
this
want
;
or
if
men
began
then
first
to
be
diseased
,
when
they
began
to
finde
wayes
in
the
Sea
to
those
far
Countreys
,
doth
it
not
greatly
detract
from
that
Providence
whereby
all
things
are
guided
,
to
lay
the
recovery
of
mans
health
upon
the
adventures
of
Merchants
?
and
the
Disease
being
in
the
one
part
of
the
world
,
to
have
the
Medicine
in
the
other
:
yea
,
as
far
distant
as
the
East
is
from
the
West
,
and
the
Life
and
Death
of
a
man
to
stand
upon
a
halfpenny
weight
of
Scammony
,
or
a
dram
or
twain
of
Rhewbard
.
Nay
,
which
is
yet
more
absurd
,
that
the
health
of
so
many
Christian
Nations
should
hang
upon
the
courtesie
of
those
Heathen
and
barbarous
Nations
,
to
whom
nothing
is
more
odious
,
then
the
very
name
of
Christianity
;
and
who
of
malice
do
withhold
from
us
such
Medicines
as
they
know
most
for
our
use
.
Whereupon
the
Turk
denieth
unto
the
Christians
at
this
day
,
the
Terra
Lemnia
,
a
Medicine
to
be
preferred
before
the
chief
of
those
we
perswade
our selves
to
enjoy
.
The
corruption
of
their
Drugs
,
is
it
not
so
great
,
that
in
the
light
of
all
knowledge
,
scarce
one
is
able
to
discern
the
right
Bolus
Armena
,
from
the
Ocre
of
Apulia
;
or
to
discover
the
adulterating
of
Ambergreece
,
and
Musk
,
with
a
number
of
other
corruptions
,
which
have
gotten
strength
by
custome
of
errour
?
Thamarinds
are
counterfeited
with
Prunes
,
Scammony
with
the
milk
of
Spurge
,
Manna
with
Suger
and
the
leaves
of
Sene
,
Aspalathum
with
the
inward
part
of
the
root
of
an
Olive-tree
,
Frankincense
with
Rosin
,
Bdellium
and
Sarcocalla
with
gums
:
for
Bolus
Armena
is
sold
a
Red
earth
out
of
Apulia
,
for
Malabathrum
a
leaf
of
a
Lemon
or
Orange
,
for
Turpeth
some
other
root
dipped
at
both
ends
in
gum
;
which
be
as
like
in
vertue
to
the
Simples
whereof
they
bear
the
visard
and
mask
,
as
Chalk
to
Cheese
,
according
to
the
Proverb
.
And
greatly
thou
art
deceived
,
to
think
our
Navigations
store
us
with
ancient
Medicines
,
wherewith
Physick
in
old
time
hath
been
furnished
:
for
at
this
day
neither
is
Balm
known
unto
us
,
neither
is
Xylobalsamum
,
nor
Cardomomum
,
nor
Amomum
,
neither
Costus
,
neither
Calamus
odoratus
,
Aspalathus
,
Agallocum
,
Narcapthum
,
with
the
most
of
the
noble
ancient
Medicines
:
so
that
Navigation
hath
not
at
any
time
supplied
this
want
unto
us
,
and
how
it
should
hereafter
I
know
not
,
except
Galen
take
pains
again
to
sail
into
Cyprus
,
into
Palestine
,
and
Lemnos
,
to
gather
and
make
choice
with
his
own
hands
.
For
what
hope
is
there
to
be
had
of
the
Provision
made
by
Merchants
?
who
buy
to
sell
onely
,
and
thereof
to
reap
gain
;
and
by
reason
they
be
unlearned
,
if
they
would
be
faithful
,
yet
must
they
fail
greatly
in
this
point
,
and
then
must
we
use
such
Medicines
as
we
can
come
by
,
and
the
Patient
recover
such
health
as
he
may
.
For
the
most
part
,
these
Drugs
come
out
of
Spain
or
Portugal
,
either
fetched
of
us
,
or
brought
of
them
;
yet
neither
of
them
ever
hath
born
name
of
yield
of
the
best
Simples
,
so
that
if
they
be
of
those
Countreys
,
then
they
are
not
such
as
they
should
be
:
if
Spain
and
Portugal
fetch
them
elsewhere
,
then
lieth
the
assurance
upon
their
credit
.
Or
let
me
know
how
they
discern
the
Coriander
of
Ethiopia
,
the
black
Helleborus
of
Cyrene
,
the
Amomum
of
Scythia
,
the
Myrrha
Troglodytica
,
the
Opium
of
Apulia
,
(
which
are
counted
the
best
)
from
the
same
growing
in
other
places
,
which
never
carried
name
of
commendation
for
such
Simples
.
The
Coloquintida
growing
alone
upon
the
plant
is
much
suspected
of
good
Physicians
,
the
Squilla
that
hath
no
fellows
,
is
thought
to
savour
of
a
venemous
nature
,
likewise
the
Thymelea
.
Now
when
these
are
gathered
to
the
Merchants
hand
,
who
shall
tell
him
how
they
grow
,
or
who
shall
enquire
but
the
Philosopher
,
that
knoweth
what
may
come
thereby
to
these
Simples
?
Neither
is
the
danger
less
in
the
manner
of
laying
them
up
,
and
keeping
them
over
long
:
besides
,
the
just
time
of
gathering
being
either
over-passed
,
or
prevented
,
greatly
diminisheth
the
vertue
of
the
Medicines
.
As
the
use
of
Euphorbium
is
perilous
before
it
be
a
year
old
,
and
after
three
years
,
it
is
nothing
worth
.
So
Agarick
gathered
before
it
be
ripe
,
or
kept
past
two
years
,
becommeth
unwholesom
.
And
as
the
Peony
root
is
to
be
gathered
in
the
wane
of
the
Moon
,
and
the
Cray-fish
to
be
taken
after
the
rising
of
the
Dog-star
,
the
Sun
entring
into
Leo
,
so
are
there
many
other
,
which
if
they
miss
their
due
time
of
gathering
,
fail
greatly
in
their
vertues
.
To
these
corruptions
moreover
may
be
added
the
washing
of
the
Sea
,
the
long
journeys
they
are
brought
,
whereby
it
should
seem
,
nature
had
denied
unto
us
the
use
of
them
,
as
to
whom
they
were
not
of
her
yielded
,
with
such
difficulty
,
and
as
it
were
,
by
constraint
,
they
come
to
us
.
Then
if
the
best
of
ancient
Simples
be
partly
unknown
and
wanting
,
partly
adulterated
,
partly
by
age
and
other
means
spent
before
they
come
to
our
use
,
what
shall
we
say
to
our
Compounds
and
Mixtures
,
which
rise
of
these
Simples
?
Can
the
temper
mend
them
?
or
a
quid
pro
quo
,
as
they
call
them
,
serve
the
turn
?
No
verily
,
not
our
turns
,
to
whom
the
substitute
Medicines
,
as
I
may
call
them
,
were
not
appointed
,
being
in
great
part
as
hard
to
come
by
,
as
the
Medicines
whose
substitutes
they
are
,
and
as
much
unknown
unto
us
.
As
for
Agallicum
,
Calamus
odoratus
,
for
Amomum
,
Acorus
,
for
Castorum
,
Bilphum
,
for
Crocamagmo
,
Agallocus
,
with
a
number
of
the
same
sort
,
which
these
few
leaves
of
Paper
will
not
admit
.
Neither
is
it
to
be
thought
these
Lieutenant
Medicines
serve
at
all
turns
in
the
place
of
the
right
Medicines
,
for
so
should
Ginger
serve
the
turn
of
Folefoot
to
purge
by
Vomit
,
which
it
cannot
,
no
more
then
curds
of
Cow
milk
can
soften
and
supple
like
butter
,
or
the
dung
of
the
Stock-dove
,
purge
like
Euphorbium
;
or
the
Dock-root
draw
phlegme
from
the
Head
like
Pellitory
;
which
Galen
notwithstanding
maketh
substitutes
of
these
Medicines
which
have
such
operation
.
I
conclude
therefore
,
seeing
Navigation
cannot
afford
us
either
the
Simples
,
which
we
seem
to
need
,
and
those
which
it
doth
,
both
corrupt
and
counterfeit
in
the
greatest
part
;
we
have
neither
to
crave
thereof
in
this
point
aid
,
much
less
to
trust
thereunto
.
Now
the
Simples
being
but
(
for
the
most
part
)
bastard
Ware
,
how
can
the
Compounds
that
amount
of
the
same
be
other
then
counterfeit
?
Whereupon
as
Cardanus
saith
in
his
Method
of
Curing
;
The
wise
Magistrates
of
Venice
have
oftentimes
forbidden
the
making
of
Triacle
and
Mithridatum
,
because
the
Simples
could
not
be
had
,
whereby
they
should
be
compounded
.
Which
if
Venice
,
the
greatest
Mart
in
this
part
of
the
World
of
such
Wares
,
cannot
a
vouch
,
what
can
we
hope
for
from
other
places
?
That
a
man
would
marvel
to
see
the
great
store
of
them
in
all
shops
of
Apothecaries
under
the
names
of
Triacle
and
Mithridatum
of
Andromachus
;
and
it
being
required
in
Triacle
before
it
be
used
,
it
should
have
a
time
,
as
it
were
of
mellowing
,
which
of
Galen
in
his
Book
of
Triacle
to
Piso
,
is
extended
to
twelve
years
:
and
of
Paulus
Aegineta
in
his
seventh
Book
,
by
seven
years
,
for
those
that
are
bitten
or
stung
of
venemous
beasts
,
or
have
drunk
poison
,
or
are
infected
with
the
pestilence
,
and
in
other
diseases
,
from
●en
years
till
it
be
twenty
of
age
.
I
marvel
what
assurance
we
have
of
the
age
of
this
Triacle
,
which
is
ordinary
in
use
;
or
if
we
have
none
,
how
we
dare
use
it
at
adventure
,
knowing
by
age
the
vertue
thereof
hath
no
small
alteration
.
I
would
these
inconveniences
were
the
smallest
,
which
I
have
but
briefly
,
and
as
it
were
,
for
a
taste
run
over
,
yet
were
even
they
sufficient
to
stay
our
overhasty
use
of
such
strange
Merchandize
,
and
to
move
us
to
betake
us
to
those
we
know
,
both
in
the
Blade
,
and
in
the
Seed
,
in
the
Root
,
and
in
the
Fruit
;
and
know
the
Air
,
the
Hill
,
the
Valley
,
the
Meadow
where
they
grow
.
But
this
trust
upon
,
Out-landish
Medicines
have
much
more
nearly
touched
us
then
so
.
If
a
man
would
say
by
his
overhasty
embracing
,
whatsoever
strange
Nations
do
as
it
were
,
purge
over
unto
us
,
we
drink
divers
times
rank
Poison
instead
of
wholesom
Medicine
,
I
think
it
would
justly
move
us
to
be
advised
,
and
not
to
pass
over
the
enquiry
of
a
reason
,
why
such
a
one
should
think
so
,
being
one
whose
vocation
tendeth
to
the
charge
of
the
health
of
mens
bodies
.
The
right
Hermodactiles
are
commended
for
excellent
Medicines
against
all
Pains
in
the
Joynts
;
as
the
Gout
,
the
Schyatica
,
and
such
like
,
from
which
they
purge
gross
Phlegme
.
Doronicum
Romanum
,
hath
great
commendation
for
comforting
the
Heart
,
expelling
Poison
,
against
the
Cough
,
for
avoiding
of
Humours
which
overcharge
the
Chest
;
which
are
great
vertues
doubtless
in
them
both
.
Now
if
they
〈◊〉
the
shops
,
as
they
bear
the
name
of
these
Medicines
,
so
carried
not
with
them
instead
of
thes●
vertues
dangerous
poison
,
then
should
I
hav●
less
cause
to
exhort
our
Nation
to
be
take
the●
to
their
Gardens
and
Fields
,
and
to
leave
th●
Banks
of
Nilus
,
and
the
Fens
of
India
.
Th●
common
Hermodactils
being
a
kinde
of
poyson
▪
called
Ephemerum
,
so
named
,
because
with
such
swiftness
it
chargeth
and
overchargeth
our
vita●
spirits
,
that
it
killeth
him
that
hath
taken
it
i●
one
day
.
The
other
commonly
called
Doroticum
Romanum
,
and
used
for
an
especial
Cordial
,
so
that
it
hath
place
in
the
electuary
of
precious
Stones
,
in
the
electuary
of
Amber
,
in
the
cordial
Powder
;
this
Doronicum
,
I
say
,
calle●
of
Mathiolus
,
Demoniacum
,
that
is
to
say
,
Divelish
,
noting
thereby
the
vertues
thereof
,
is
no
baser
poison
,
then
a
very
kinde
of
Aconitum
,
by
Mathiolus
experience
,
which
he
confesseth
himself
(
before
having
been
abused
by
the
common
error
)
first
to
have
learned
of
Jacobus
Antonius
Cortusus
,
a
man
very
skilful
in
the
nature
of
Simples
,
which
Jacobus
taught
him
the
experience
,
by
giving
it
to
dogs
,
which
it
killeth
.
Now
if
by
reason
no
such
danger
happeneth
to
us
,
by
the
use
of
them
,
they
seeming
not
so
dangerous
;
we
are
to
understand
they
be
given
in
small
quantity
,
and
mixed
with
divers
remedies
against
poison
,
the
good
Providence
of
God
providing
so
,
that
otherwise
they
should
not
be
ministred
,
as
in
the
purging
Electuary
of
Diacnicis
,
Hermodactils
are
bridled
with
Cinamon
,
and
the
powder
of
Diatragatanthum
frigidum
,
where
indeed
●t
hath
somewhat
too
large
scope
,
being
better
tempered
in
Benedicta
,
with
Cloves
,
Parsley●eed
,
Galanga
,
and
Mace
,
and
in
the
Pills
of
Her●odactils
with
Aloe
,
Mirobalans
,
Bdellium
,
the
●eed
of
Herbgrace
,
which
have
force
against
poi●on
,
the
which
small
quantity
of
them
being
●ndled
and
dulled
with
other
Medicines
,
especi●lly
such
a
resist
the
force
of
poisons
,
is
not
deadly
●nto
us
although
great
hurt
thereof
must
needs
●nsue
.
I
have
stood
the
longer
upon
this
point
●f
strange
Medicines
,
in
answering
the
suppy
by
Navigation
,
the
rather
,
because
it
seemeth
most
●o
make
against
us
in
the
maintenance
of
our
●ome
Medicines
,
and
breedeth
as
it
were
a
loath●omness
of
those
blessings
of
God
,
which
we
daily
●ay
at
commandment
enjoy
:
But
hitherto
hath
●nely
been
shewed
the
corruptions
and
counter●eting
of
forreign
Medicines
which
belongeth
to
●ertain
onely
,
and
not
to
all
;
(
although
those
●ertain
be
the
chief
,
and
of
greatest
price
)
and
●hat
being
foreseen
,
the
provision
out
of
strange
●nd
far
distant
Nations
,
may
seem
well
to
stand
●ith
that
Providence
we
speak
of
:
and
except
●hey
be
in
respect
of
their
strangeness
hurtfull
●r
unprofitable
unto
us
,
the
skill
of
Sailing
be●●g
a
means
to
present
them
at
our
need
,
Na●ures
care
should
seem
no
whit
to
be
blemished
.
●he
reasons
which
I
have
before
alledged
,
I
●ave
to
the
indifferent
Reader
,
to
consider
of
,
●nd
because
I
am
so
far
urged
,
I
easily
stick
●ot
to
hold
,
that
we
receive
no
small
hurt
●om
all
all
the
kindes
of
strange
Medicines
,
whereof
I
yield
these
few
reasons
which
follow
.
Our
English
Bodies
,
through
the
nature
of
the
Region
,
our
kinde
of
dyet
and
nourishment
,
our
custome
of
life
,
are
greatly
divers
from
those
of
strange
Nations
,
whereby
ariseth
great
variety
of
humors
and
excrements
in
our
bodies
,
from
theirs
;
and
so
the
causes
of
Diseases
rising
upon
breach
of
diet
,
(
the
diet
being
of
another
sort
)
must
needs
be
unlike
,
whereupon
although
their
humors
be
in
kinde
,
and
in
a
generality
agreeable
to
ours
,
as
Blood
,
Choler
,
Phlegme
,
Melancholy
,
and
such
like
,
yet
rising
upon
other
matter
then
the
same
in
us
,
and
otherwise
framed
by
a
far
other
state
of
body
,
by
reason
of
a
diverse
kinde
of
life
,
the
Medicines
which
help
them
must
needs
hurt
us
,
not
finding
the
like
cause
to
drive
with
:
and
this
no
doubt
is
the
cause
,
why
we
are
not
able
to
bear
such
dose
o●
quantity
of
their
Medicines
,
as
those
Nations
are
,
to
whom
they
be
native
.
Besides
they
work●
in
our
Bodies
after
a
far
more
unkinde
manne●
then
they
report
them
to
do
in
theirs
;
nay
,
they
destroy
us
,
and
help
them
,
which
is
an
argument
to
me
,
that
every
Medicine
hath
a
relation
to
the
Diseases
of
the
inhabitant
,
which
if
it
b●
profitable
to
strangers
,
yet
doth
it
by
a
constraint
and
not
half
so
kindly
.
The
Greeks
,
a●
it
may
appear
by
Dioscorides
in
his
fourth
Book
and
Chapter
one
hundred
fifty
and
two
,
treating
of
Scammony
,
are
able
to
bear
a
greater
quantity
,
yea
double
then
we
,
of
Scammony
,
whic●
is
an
ordinary
purger
with
us
.
Who
saith
,
thirt●
grains
thereof
may
be
given
with
twenty
of
black
Heleborus
,
and
sixty
of
Aloe
to
make
a
just
purgation
,
and
of
Scammony
alone
sixty
grains
.
Now
common
experience
teacheth
us
the
great
odds
betwixt
Scammony
raw
,
as
they
call
it
,
and
the
same
corrected
,
which
we
name
Dacrydium
,
both
in
vehemency
of
purging
,
and
tormenting
the
body
:
yet
hardly
dare
we
pass
above
twenty
grains
of
the
same
,
and
this
mixed
with
Cordials
and
stomach
Medicines
.
Moreover
,
their
slender
correcting
of
it
,
doth
argue
it
to
be
far
less
noisom
to
them
then
to
us
,
who
correct
it
onely
,
or
at
the
least
,
are
contented
with
the
correction
thereof
by
a
little
Salt
and
and
Pepper
,
or
a
little
Ginger
:
who
for
the
plenty
of
excellent
Simples
,
which
we
both
want
and
know
not
,
and
for
their
skill
in
the
nature
of
those
we
correct
with
,
might
as
well
have
qualified
it
as
we
;
who
first
wash
it
in
Rose-water
,
wherein
Cytrea
Myrobalanus
,
Spike
,
and
Cinamon
have
been
boiled
:
in
which
also
we
let
it
steep
four
and
twenty
hours
,
then
dry
it
,
then
mix
it
again
with
oyl
of
sweet
Almonds
,
and
some
Goom
for
Tragacantha
,
and
last
of
all
bake
it
in
a
Quince
,
covered
round
with
paste
.
Who
hath
not
horror
of
the
torments
which
both
the
Hellebores
brings
to
the
body
?
yet
saith
Paulus
Aegineta
in
his
seventh
Book
,
and
fourth
Chapter
,
The
black
Helleborus
purgeth
yellow
Choler
from
the
whole
body
,
without
pain
:
which
canndt
be
verified
of
our
bodies
,
howsoever
it
be
in
theirs
;
and
therefore
we
fear
to
minister
the
Powder
thereof
in
any
sort
,
but
the
steeping
onely
of
the
barks
of
the
roots
,
from
twenty
grains
to
sixty
,
they
being
bold
to
take
a
whole
dram
thereof
in
substance
,
which
is
more
then
treble
the
quantity
,
for
one
dose
.
These
strange
workings
of
these
forreign
Drugs
in
our
Bodies
,
and
a
more
gentle
and
kinde
working
in
theirs
,
doth
it
not
manifestly
declare
unto
us
,
that
they
were
not
created
for
us
?
do
they
not
force
us
oftentimes
with
peril
of
our
lives
to
give
them
over
?
that
the
Patient
knoweth
not
divers
times
,
whether
he
should
stand
rather
to
the
courtesie
of
his
Disease
,
then
of
his
Potion
?
There
is
a
Simple
which
hath
not
many
years
been
in
use
,
brought
out
of
India
,
and
highly
commended
,
called
Mechoaca
,
it
purgeth
gently
,
say
they
,
without
vexing
or
grieving
the
body
,
without
anoying
the
stomach
greatly
,
and
ceaseth
purging
at
your
pleasure
,
with
a
little
supping
.
These
be
great
vertues
doubtless
,
and
I
wish
we
could
finde
them
in
Mechoaca
:
for
Experience
the
touchstone
hath
bewrayed
it
in
our
bodies
,
to
be
of
a
far
other
operation
;
it
tormenteth
the
body
,
it
annoyeth
the
stomach
much
,
neither
doth
a
supping
stay
the
vehemency
of
purging
,
and
this
have
I
partly
by
mine
own
experience
found
in
Mechoaca
,
and
partly
by
the
experience
of
my
friends
,
who
upon
the
use
thereof
have
much
complained
of
these
accidents
.
That
juyce
,
or
rather
milk
of
Poppy
,
which
is
brought
out
of
Asia
,
named
Opium
,
it
is
not
unknown
to
all
the
World
,
what
a
marvellous
force
it
hath
in
benumming
the
sense
of
Feeling
,
and
utterly
extinguishing
the
natural
Heat
of
the
body
,
so
that
we
fear
to
give
thereof
into
the
body
above
the
weight
of
two
grains
,
and
those
corrected
with
Saffron
,
Castorium
,
and
such
like
,
lest
it
cast
the
Patient
into
such
a
deep
sleep
,
as
he
needeth
the
trump
of
the
Archangel
to
awake
him
.
Now
,
the
same
Opium
being
taken
of
the
Turks
,
Moors
,
and
Persians
,
bringeth
to
their
wearied
and
over-travelled
bodies
,
a
marvellous
recreation
,
in
such
sort
,
as
they
ordinarily
use
it
therefore
as
a
present
remedy
,
not
in
the
quantity
of
two
grains
or
twenty
,
but
even
an
whole
ounce
or
twain
at
once
:
And
Hollerius
in
his
Scholia
upon
his
Chapter
of
Phrensey
,
saith
,
That
Rondelet
a
learned
Physician
,
and
the
French
Kings
Professor
at
Montpellier
,
reported
unto
him
,
that
he
had
seen
a
Spaniard
take
thereof
into
his
body
half
an
ounce
at
one
time
,
without
hurt
.
Wherefore
if
the
difference
of
our
bodies
from
those
of
strange
Nations
be
so
great
,
that
the
thing
which
helpeth
them
,
destroyeth
us
;
that
●ureth
them
without
annoyance
,
doth
vehement●y
torment
us
;
I
would
wish
us
to
be
better
advised
,
then
to
be
so
ready
to
embrace
them
,
as
●o
contemn
in
comparison
of
them
,
the
Medi●ines
which
receive
,
as
it
were
,
a
taming
,
and
●re
broken
unto
us
by
our
own
soil
:
neither
art
●hou
here
to
look
,
the
Wisdom
of
the
Physician
should
consider
the
variety
and
divers
dispositions
of
the
Bodies
by
Age
,
Complexion
,
Region
,
Sex
,
&c.
and
thereafter
to
temper
these
Medicines
,
and
so
to
avoid
the
dangers
;
for
●he
question
is
not
of
the
manner
of
using
these
things
,
for
then
should
such
consideration
have
place
,
but
even
of
the
very
nature
,
which
no
manner
of
use
can
alter
.
Yet
are
these
Simples
most
excellent
creatures
of
God
,
made
for
the
use
of
men
,
but
not
for
all
men
;
and
although
we
may
receive
help
from
them
,
by
a
certain
generall
community
that
our
bodies
have
with
those
of
Arabia
,
Barbary
,
and
the
rest
;
yet
no
doubt
,
as
I
have
shewed
in
a
few
,
so
we
receive
by
the
use
of
them
so
much
the
less
good
by
them
,
as
we
most
differ
from
them
,
and
that
which
wanteth
of
the
performance
of
good
to
us
,
must
needs
turn
us
to
much
harm
,
the
unhelping
part
,
(
as
I
may
call
it
)
always
working
,
and
so
ever
harming
.
Neither
do
I
see
why
the
Medicines
of
India
or
Egypt
should
be
laid
upon
us
,
more
then
the
Indian
or
Egyptian
diet
;
which
is
to
eat
Lyzards
,
Dragons
,
and
Crocodiles
:
for
if
the
proper
Medicine
doth
alwayes
regard
his
proper
adversary
,
which
causeth
the
disease
(
as
no
doubt
it
should
do
)
then
there
being
a
great
difference
betwixt
our
humors
and
theirs
,
as
much
in
a
maner
as
is
betwixt
the
flesh
of
a
Crocodile
and
of
a
tender
Capon
;
our
medicines
which
are
to
fit
us
,
must
needs
be
of
another
kinde
then
theirs
,
which
in
our
bodies
not
finding
such
humors
and
excrements
,
as
that
strange
diet
doth
ingender
,
must
needs
seize
upon
the
very
substance
of
our
bodies
,
to
have
somewhat
to
work
on
:
which
painful
working
especially
of
the
purgers
,
causeth
the
common
saying
amongst
the
people
,
to
the
great
discredit
of
our
Art
:
There
is
not
a
purgation
,
but
it
hath
a
smack
of
poison
.
Truth
it
is
,
no
purgation
can
work
without
natures
annoyance
,
being
in
part
a
prick
of
nature
to
avoid
her
excrements
:
but
when
she
is
so
provoked
that
she
sweateth
cold
sweats
,
that
she
giveth
over
,
that
the
patient
soundeth
not
by
the
excess
of
purging
onely
,
but
for
the
most
part
through
the
evil
quality
of
the
medicine
,
it
is
surely
an
argument
,
it
wanted
his
proper
subject
to
work
in
.
If
needs
we
will
take
unto
us
the
practice
of
such
strange
Medicines
,
(
I
call
them
Medicines
according
to
the
common
phrase
,
else
properly
be
they
matter
onely
it
were
to
be
desired
(
which
in
part
is
performed
)
that
such
Medicines
as
be
so
perillous
,
might
be
planted
in
our
natural
countrey
,
that
through
the
familiarity
of
our
soil
,
they
might
first
grow
into
acquaintance
with
us
,
before
we
entertain
them
,
not
into
our
bosomes
,
but
into
our
hearts
,
and
chamber
them
with
our
vital
spirits
.
And
as
it
is
said
of
the
tree
Persea
,
which
in
Persia
being
poison
,
translated
into
Egypt
,
becometh
wholesome
,
bearing
fruit
to
be
eaten
,
and
good
for
the
stomach
:
so
those
natures
receiving
such
mitigation
of
our
soil
,
might
in
time
better
fit
us
then
they
do
,
which
as
it
cannot
alter
their
nature
,
being
impossible
to
be
done
by
change
of
place
,
so
doubtless
might
it
purge
away
that
evil
quality
which
annoyeth
us
,
and
seemeth
rather
to
be
an
evil
complexion
,
and
as
it
were
a
cacochimy
and
disease
of
the
thing
,
then
any
necessary
propriety
belonging
to
the
nature
.
This
which
hath
been
said
of
Persia
,
is
also
to
be
seen
in
other
Simples
,
which
in
other
places
are
poison
,
and
kill
with
the
very
shadow
,
yet
brought
into
England
,
and
planted
with
us
,
clean
change
that
venomous
quality
.
Ugh
called
Taxus
,
of
Dioscorides
is
said
to
be
so
dangerous
,
and
of
such
venomous
nature
,
that
in
Navar
the
very
shadow
thereof
poisoneth
him
that
sleepeth
under
it
:
and
Aegenita
saith
,
being
taken
inward
,
it
strangleth
,
and
swiftly
killeth
.
This
Taxus
notwithstanding
,
being
so
perillous
in
other
places
,
our
English
soil
hath
so
reformed
,
that
boldly
our
children
do
eat
of
the
fruit
thereof
without
danger
:
the
like
may
be
verified
of
our
Hemlock
,
which
although
it
be
to
be
numbred
among
the
poisoning
Herbs
,
yet
it
is
far
behinde
that
which
groweth
in
Candy
,
or
Megara
,
or
Cilicia
,
scarce
to
be
accounted
poison
,
in
comparison
of
that
in
those
Countreys
.
Now
if
thou
shalt
think
(
gentle
Reader
)
as
the
change
of
a
Region
altereth
some
qualities
,
so
all
,
and
thereby
empaireth
the
vertue
of
the
Medicine
;
thou
mayest
easily
be
deceived
.
For
as
they
depend
not
one
upon
another
,
so
may
the
one
be
well
without
the
other
,
though
by
one
common
form
they
seem
to
be
linked
together
to
make
one
nature
.
Rhewbarb
is
known
to
have
two
qualities
,
one
contrary
to
another
,
of
purging
the
body
,
and
stopping
:
yet
by
steeping
may
the
one
be
separated
from
the
other
,
the
purging
vertue
being
drawn
out
by
steeping
,
and
the
stopping
still
remaining
in
the
substance
steeped
:
so
likewise
may
the
noisom
quality
of
the
Medicine
be
eschewed
,
the
wholesome
and
medicinable
vertue
notwithstanding
,
being
in
full
force
,
yea
greater
retained
,
I
say
greater
,
insomuch
as
the
hurtful
quality
would
hinder
the
operation
of
the
healthful
,
which
being
freed
and
unyoked
from
the
other
,
doth
far
better
accomplish
his
work
.
Of
all
kindes
of
Honey
that
of
Greece
,
and
namely
of
Attica
and
Hible
are
most
commended
,
the
next
price
is
given
to
the
Honey
of
Spain
and
Navar
:
yet
it
is
certainly
known
by
experience
,
that
the
English
Honey
is
most
agreeable
to
our
English
Bodies
,
and
greater
quantity
thereof
may
be
taken
,
with
less
annoyance
,
yea
,
none
at
all
to
those
which
are
not
of
too
hot
a
temper
:
the
other
kindes
being
more
fiery
,
more
apt
to
engender
Choler
,
and
to
inflame
the
blood
,
and
more
unfit
to
loose
the
body
.
Whereby
we
may
evidently
see
,
that
Nature
useth
not
one
shoe
for
every
foot
,
but
either
ministreth
a
divers
commodity
in
kinde
,
or
else
by
the
Countrey
,
Air
,
and
Soil
,
doth
so
temper
it
,
that
greater
use
may
be
thereof
to
the
inhabitant
of
the
same
Countrey
.
By
this
then
which
hitherto
hath
been
said
,
it
is
manifest
we
receive
great
hurt
by
the
use
of
strange
Medicines
,
and
not
upon
reason
onely
,
but
from
plain
experience
,
even
with
hurt
to
our
own
bodies
,
which
as
it
is
the
greatest
price
of
knowledge
,
so
therefore
ought
we
the
more
to
set
thereby
,
and
more
carefully
to
seek
to
avoid
the
danger
.
Again
,
it
is
evident
,
that
the
planting
of
strange
Simples
frameth
them
more
to
our
use
.
Wherefore
as
there
be
many
excellent
Gardens
in
England
,
especially
in
London
,
replenished
with
store
of
strange
and
outlandish
Simples
,
it
were
to
be
wished
such
endeavours
were
of
others
followed
,
that
so
we
might
acquaint
us
better
with
these
strangers
,
and
by
Vsu
capio
make
them
our
own
.
But
what
soils
will
brook
all
things
?
it
is
true
,
yet
no
doubt
of
those
that
it
will
brook
,
which
I
dare
say
are
four
or
five
hundred
;
this
frugality
of
nature
toward
us
as
it
is
thought
,
might
bear
a
greater
show
,
and
more
safely
use
them
,
especially
the
purgers
,
which
carry
with
them
greatest
anoyance
.
Now
if
it
be
objected
,
the
force
of
outlandish
Simples
are
thereby
more
feeble
,
as
we
finde
the
Organ
of
Candy
surpassing
ours
in
strength
,
I
mean
the
same
kinde
with
that
of
Candy
planted
in
the
Gardens
,
which
may
be
said
also
of
other
strange
Herbs
planted
by
us
.
It
cannot
be
denied
but
they
are
so
,
neither
can
the
strange
Simples
in
all
points
be
equal
with
his
kinde
,
keeping
his
Native
soil
;
yet
is
the
difference
scarce
half
a
degree
under
,
or
if
it
were
a
degree
full
out
,
what
reason
were
it
to
fetch
that
one
degree
with
much
peril
,
and
charge
,
as
far
as
Candy
,
Spain
,
or
Venice
,
or
from
another
world
:
whereas
a
little
increase
of
the
quantity
of
the
thing
,
would
easily
supply
that
want
,
though
I
mention
not
the
gain
of
freshness
of
the
same
,
which
maketh
no
small
recompence
of
wanting
in
the
force
:
neither
is
the
nature
or
vertue
of
a
Medicine
to
be
esteemed
by
taste
or
smell
,
neither
by
the
force
it
hath
against
the
disease
,
the
nature
of
a
medicine
lying
in
an
equal
matching
of
the
cause
of
the
disease
,
which
if
it
overmatch
,
so
far
off
it
is
from
the
praise
of
an
wholesome
medicine
,
that
it
becommeth
〈◊〉
cause
of
a
contrary
disease
;
wherefore
the
●ommendation
of
a
medicine
lieth
not
in
force
,
●●t
in
such
force
.
And
therefore
the
counsel
of
●he
best
Physicians
is
,
if
the
disease
will
bear
any
delay
,
as
the
most
do
,
rather
to
apply
a
medicine
of
weaker
force
,
then
at
once
with
a
vehement
●one
,
to
shake
the
frame
of
Nature
.
And
the
weaker
medicine
being
weak
,
either
in
respect
of
the
nature
of
the
Simple
,
or
the
small
quantity
,
they
counsel
rather
to
use
that
kinde
of
curing
,
which
is
by
the
feebler
medicine
in
kinde
,
then
by
reason
of
the
under
quantity
.
For
what
skilful
Physician
would
cure
a
small
distemper
of
heat
,
and
as
it
were
in
the
first
degree
,
with
a
small
quantity
of
Opium
,
or
Mandrake
,
or
Henbane
,
being
cold
in
the
fourth
degree
,
rather
then
with
the
just
quantity
of
Endive
,
or
Succory
,
or
diminish
a
small
excess
of
humors
,
with
an
under
quantity
of
Coloquintida
or
Scammony
,
rather
then
with
the
just
quantity
of
a
feebler
medicine
?
Wherefore
upon
good
reason
they
conclude
it
to
be
far
safer
for
the
Patient
,
to
cure
with
contraries
of
feebler
force
,
either
often
repeated
,
or
in
a
greater
quantity
applied
,
then
with
a
main
force
of
a
medicine
of
equal
strength
at
once
to
expel
the
disease
,
Nature
abhorring
all
vehement
and
sudden
either
emptying
or
●●lling
,
heating
or
cooling
,
or
any
other
kinde
of
sudden
alteration
,
which
being
grounded
upon
good
reason
,
the
delaying
of
the
force
of
strange
medicines
by
our
soil
,
serveth
greatly
for
the
commendation
both
of
planting
them
with
us
,
and
of
the
Medicines
themselves
planted
.
The
Simple
still
keeping
within
the
compass
of
the
matter
of
a
Medicine
,
neither
being
so
diminished
,
but
that
by
increase
of
the
quantity
,
it
may
match
with
the
disease
,
which
no
man
with
reason
can
deny
.
Now
,
if
the
greatness
of
the
quantity
happily
procure
loathsomness
to
the
Patient
by
extraction
,
that
inconvenience
may
easily
be
avoided
:
by
which
means
a
pound
may
be
brought
to
an
ounce
,
an
ounce
to
a
dram
,
and
a
dram
to
a
few
grains
,
to
please
the
Patient
with
.
Such
of
strange
Medicines
as
will
not
brook
our
Climate
,
thereby
declare
the
evill
disposition
they
have
to
cure
the
infirmity
of
our
bodies
.
Every
Medicine
is
as
it
were
a
mean
betwixt
nourishments
and
poysons
,
excepting
those
Medicines
which
are
applyed
outwardly
,
which
may
both
be
of
nourishments
and
poysons
.
In
this
mean
betwixt
these
extreams
,
there
is
such
a
scope
and
breadth
,
that
some
Me●●●ines
incline
to
the
one
,
and
some
to
the
other
.
Now
the
best
are
such
as
rather
incline
to
nourishments
then
poisons
,
which
as
they
do
fight
against
the
Disease
,
so
have
they
a
certain
token
and
pledge
of
greement
betwixt
our
bodies
and
theirs
:
whereby
they
acknowledge
us
for
friends
,
and
not
common
enemies
with
the
disease
:
the
other
Medicines
which
have
no
such
token
and
earnest
,
being
apt
,
as
well
to
destroy
us
,
as
to
take
away
the
Disease
,
and
so
joyn
fellowship
with
rank
poisons
.
Then
our
native
Soil
being
by
the
Ordinance
of
GOD
the
fittest
to
yield
us
nourishment
,
from
which
●ur
Cattel
and
Fruits
have
a
nutritive
or
nou●ishing
juice
,
which
render
the
same
again
to
●s
,
what
can
we
think
of
those
Medicines
,
to
●hom
our
soil
hath
not
a
drop
of
juice
to
yield
●●to
,
and
giveth
no
entertainment
.
Verily
●e
are
both
to
learn
thereby
,
that
nature
doth
●urnish
us
other
wayes
,
and
also
greatly
to
sus●ect
them
to
be
of
an
extream
kinde
of
Medi●ines
,
the
Spices
onely
excepted
,
and
such
as
are
●aid
to
be
sympathetical
to
certain
parts
of
our
●odies
,
which
notwithstanding
,
less
serve
that
●seth
more
strange
and
forreign
they
be
.
What
should
I
speak
of
the
unmeasurable
charge
and
●ost
these
strange
Medicines
put
us
unto
?
In
my
opinion
if
it
were
but
that
,
we
might
be
stirred
up
to
this
,
or
such
like
consideration
:
Hath
God
so
dispensed
his
blessings
,
that
a
Medicine
to
cure
the
Jaundies
,
or
the
Green
Sickness
,
or
the
Rheum
,
or
such
like
,
should
cost
●ore
oftentimes
then
one
quarter
of
the
substance
that
the
Patient
is
worth
?
And
the
provision
of
a
whole
year
,
whereof
Wife
and
Children
,
and
the
whole
Family
should
with
things
necessary
be
maintained
in
health
,
be
wasted
upon
the
curing
of
a
Palsie
,
or
a
Chol●ick
,
or
a
swimming
of
the
brain
,
or
any
other
disease
whatsoever
?
Is
Physick
onely
made
for
●ich
men
,
and
not
as
well
for
the
poorer
sort
?
doth
it
onely
wait
upon
Princes
Palaces
,
and
never
stoop
to
the
Cottage
of
the
poor
?
doth
it
onely
receive
gifts
of
the
King
,
and
never
thanks
and
prayers
from
him
that
hath
but
thanks
and
prayers
to
bestow
?
or
doth
the
Lords
goodness
pass
over
them
of
low
degree
?
Hath
he
respect
of
persons
?
Yea
,
hath
God
given
to
the
Beast
a
remedy
out
of
his
own
food
and
pasture
(
as
it
is
most
certainly
known
)
with
a
skill
to
use
it
,
and
hath
he
set
a
Journey
as
far
as
from
the
Sun-rising
to
the
going
down
,
as
it
were
a
wall
of
Brass
,
and
the
fiery
sword
of
a
Cherubim
to
keep
us
from
the
attaining
of
Salves
for
our
Sores
?
Justly
may
we
thus
complain
,
especially
those
of
the
poorer
sort
.
And
if
Physick
(
as
it
is
indeed
)
be
an
Art
common
to
all
kinde
of
men
,
all
sorts
of
nations
,
all
estates
and
conditions
of
men
;
I
would
know
why
the
means
also
of
performing
the
actions
belonging
to
the
same
Art
,
should
not
be
as
common
?
And
if
it
be
ordinary
to
all
Nations
to
fetch
their
Medicines
far
,
let
me
know
why
,
as
we
cease
not
to
travel
for
to
store
us
with
outlandish
Drugs
,
we
carry
not
thither
also
our
Countrey
Medicines
for
change
;
or
they
of
those
Nations
give
not
the
like
Adventure
for
ours
?
but
they
are
contented
with
their
own
store
,
and
so
ought
we
with
ours
.
If
it
be
not
ordinary
,
why
should
it
be
more
extraordinary
to
one
then
to
another
.
The
most
of
our
Apothecary
Ware
is
bought
from
the
most
vile
and
barbarous
Nations
of
the
world
,
and
almost
all
from
the
professed
enemies
of
the
Son
of
God
:
shall
we
say
,
the
Lord
hath
not
care
,
or
setteth
more
store
by
them
then
by
his
own
people
?
that
he
so
furnisheth
them
,
and
leaveth
us
destitute
?
or
shall
we
rather
condemn
the
vanity
of
our
own
mindes
,
who
unsatiably
desire
strange
things
,
little
regarding
,
or
rather
loathing
that
which
is
always
at
commandment
?
But
God
(
saith
one
)
hath
not
bestowed
all
things
upon
all
Nations
,
but
hath
left
something
to
be
supplied
by
the
Commodities
wherewith
one
Nation
aboundeth
,
and
another
wanteth
;
that
thereupon
mutual
duties
arising
,
the
society
of
men
might
be
upholden
.
Which
objection
,
if
it
carried
with
it
what
things
they
were
,
and
of
what
kinde
,
that
one
Nation
supplieth
to
another
,
and
what
sort
of
Commodities
they
be
that
one
Nation
needeth
the
help
of
another
in
,
a
more
direct
answer
might
be
made
then
otherwise
I
may
hit
upon
:
but
I
guess
it
is
neither
of
Water
,
nor
Fire
,
nor
yet
of
Air
,
nor
of
any
thing
necessary
for
maintenance
of
life
,
otherwise
should
the
Native
Countrey
of
each
one
be
rather
a
stepdame
to
us
then
a
natural
mother
;
but
it
is
of
those
things
onely
which
with
healthful
and
lusty
Bodies
we
might
be
without
,
if
custome
had
not
too
much
prevailed
with
us
.
And
to
go
no
further
then
to
the
use
of
Wine
in
England
,
in
many
respects
it
greatly
hurteth
us
,
yet
our
ordinary
use
thereof
,
hath
given
us
such
a
longing
thereafter
,
that
we
think
if
we
should
want
it
,
many
of
our
dayes
were
thereby
abridged
;
whereby
notwithstanding
Rhewms
are
mightily
increased
,
the
Sinews
feebled
,
the
natural
Moisture
and
Heat
of
the
body
overhastily
wasted
,
and
swift
old
Age
brought
upon
us
,
with
an
infinite
number
of
discommodites
besides
.
Which
the
Nations
finding
where
we
have
it
;
do
so
delay
it
,
that
rather
they
seem
to
drink
wined
Water
,
then
watered
Wine
,
except
the
aged
,
or
such
as
are
feeble
stomached
.
And
divers
Nations
which
may
have
of
the
best
,
because
they
would
be
sure
to
banish
the
use
of
it
,
count
it
sacriledge
to
taste
it
:
as
the
Turks
at
this
day
,
who
use
instead
thereof
a
distilled
water
of
Rice
steeped
in
Milk
,
thereby
supplying
the
use
of
Wine
.
Neither
do
we
finde
this
discommodity
of
Wine
by
the
abuse
of
drunkenness
or
surfeting
onely
,
but
even
keeping
within
the
three
cups
that
Eubolus
powreth
out
to
wise
men
:
whereof
the
first
is
of
health
and
nourishment
:
the
second
of
mirth
,
and
joy
of
heart
:
and
the
third
of
sleep
,
so
that
a
draught
or
twain
doth
marvellously
distemper
our
bodies
:
which
inconvenience
we
finde
not
by
our
ordinary
drink
;
yea
,
though
it
be
stronger
then
wine
.
If
I
should
compare
our
Mede
with
the
best
Wine
,
and
the
Metheglin
of
the
Welchmen
with
Malmsie
,
I
could
take
great
arguments
from
the
nature
of
Honey
to
prove
it
.
Especially
being
tempered
with
certain
wholesome
Herbs
,
which
have
vertue
to
strengthen
the
parts
of
the
body
.
And
by
experience
it
is
known
,
that
Honey
mixed
with
water
,
turneth
in
time
to
a
wholesome
liquor
,
in
taste
much
like
to
Wine
.
Whereupon
Pena
in
his
Chapter
of
Honey
,
folio
22.
doubteth
not
to
affirm
,
that
the
Mede
of
the
Polonians
and
Muscovites
,
and
the
Metheglin
of
the
Welchmen
,
are
more
wholesome
and
pleasant
,
then
many
of
the
best
kindes
of
Wines
,
he
himself
being
a
French
man
,
and
therefore
in
his
judgement
less
partial
.
Wherefore
to
conclude
this
argument
,
seeing
,
Wine
(
which
is
the
glory
of
strange
Merchandise
)
is
but
an
hurtful
superfluity
,
the
rest
must
needs
be
far
other
then
necessaries
.
But
Medicines
being
such
,
as
without
which
our
health
and
life
runneth
into
infinite
perils
,
by
causes
inward
and
outward
,
through
breach
of
Diet
,
unwholesomness
of
Meat
,
Wounds
,
Bitings
of
venemous
Beasts
,
Infections
of
the
Air
,
and
such
like
,
it
followeth
necessarily
,
that
they
be
not
such
as
God
would
have
one
Nation
gratifie
another
with
;
which
if
they
were
,
greater
reason
were
it
to
charge
the
neighbour
Nations
therewith
,
that
thereby
their
mindes
,
might
with
performance
of
such
mutual
duties
,
so
necessary
,
be
in
streighter
amity
and
peace
linked
,
who
cease
not
,
for
the
enlarging
of
limits
,
to
vex
one
another
,
rather
then
the
Nations
so
far
distant
,
who
have
neither
fellowship
of
love
,
nor
quarel
of
hatred
equal
with
the
Borderers
.
Neither
would
I
be
so
taken
,
as
though
I
knew
not
at
sometimes
,
that
one
Na●ion
hath
need
of
another
,
even
in
things
necessary
;
as
the
supply
made
by
Joseph
to
his
●ather
Jacob
,
and
other
Nations
out
of
the
store
of
Egypt
;
but
the
controversie
is
of
an
ordina●y
course
,
which
the
Lord
useth
in
bestowing
his
●lessings
,
wherewith
he
doth
fully
satisfie
●he
need
of
all
Nations
with
things
necessary
,
●aving
when
he
punisheth
with
Famine
or
●●ant
of
Victuals
,
which
is
extraordinary
in
re●pect
of
his
accustomed
course
of
preserving
his
●●eatures
.
Now
,
if
the
strange
Medicines
(
for
he
most
part
hot
)
should
seem
rather
in
the
whole
kinde
,
then
by
reason
of
abundance
superfluous
to
them
,
and
so
more
fit
for
us
,
being
of
a
colder
temper
:
we
are
to
consider
,
the
use
of
them
is
manifold
to
the
inhabitants
,
and
not
onely
to
warne
them
,
as
the
Ethyopians
called
Troglodites
,
although
they
be
parched
with
vehement
heat
of
the
Sun
,
are
said
to
live
with
Pepper
,
not
to
correct
the
distemper
of
the●
Bodies
,
which
would
rather
increase
it
then
diminish
,
but
to
correct
their
evil
Waters
,
and
waterish
Fruits
,
wherewith
they
in
part
do
live
Again
,
we
are
to
understand
,
that
the
disease
which
is
most
agreeable
with
Age
,
Sex
,
Region
,
Custome
,
Complexion
,
is
alwayes
most
dangerous
,
as
ingendred
by
an
exceeding
vehemen●
of
the
cause
,
whereto
Nature
hath
yielded
,
an●
so
requireth
a
like
vehement
Medicine
:
wherefore
if
the
Arabian
,
the
Indian
,
the
Spaniard
fall
into
cold
diseases
,
or
such
as
follow
cold
no
marvel
though
Nature
hath
ministred
unto
them
plenty
of
strong
Wines
and
Spices
,
whi●●
the
Northren
Nations
need
not
.
Who
as
th●
be
more
apt
to
fall
into
such
diseases
then
the●
their
temper
thereto
agreeing
,
the
Air
and
R●gion
furthering
the
same
,
so
are
they
not
ther●of
so
dangerously
sick
,
as
they
of
the
So●
Countries
,
and
therefore
require
not
so
for●able
a
Medicine
.
But
I
minde
not
to
stand
〈◊〉
shew
the
use
which
foreign
Nations
have
of
th●
Commodities
,
let
them
see
to
it
.
Hitherto
h●
been
shewed
,
both
that
they
be
hurtful
unto
〈◊〉
and
that
it
is
not
absurd
for
hot
Regions
to
〈◊〉
bound
with
hot
Simples
,
the
use
of
them
be●
divers
,
both
in
respect
of
curing
their
Bodies
,
and
other
uses
without
the
compass
of
Physick
.
These
be
the
reasons
which
move
me
to
suspect
the
use
of
strange
Drugs
,
and
drive
me
to
think
,
that
Nature
hath
better
provided
for
us
;
and
as
the
Indian
,
Arabian
,
Spaniard
,
have
their
Indish
,
Arabian
,
and
Spanish
Medicines
,
so
also
the
Germane
hath
his
,
the
French
man
his
,
and
the
English
man
his
own
proper
,
belonging
to
each
of
them
.
I
know
,
gentle
Reader
,
nothing
doth
more
hinder
the
accepting
of
truth
divers
times
,
(
especially
with
such
as
see
with
other
mens
eyes
)
then
the
person
of
him
who
first
propoundeth
the
matter
,
being
taken
rather
to
be
an
opinion
of
one
,
then
an
undoubted
truth
to
be
cherished
of
all
,
as
who
have
interest
therein
.
Wherefore
that
such
might
be
satisfied
,
I
will
adde
to
my
former
reasons
,
taken
from
the
Nature
of
the
thing
,
the
authority
of
moe
Doctors
then
one
,
who
agreeing
with
this
which
I
hold
,
may
be
a
means
,
to
draw
the
gentle
Reader
the
more
seriously
to
consider
of
this
matter
,
and
truth
may
take
some
strength
thereby
,
and
win
the
more
credit
.
Pliny
in
his
four
and
twenty
Book
of
his
History
,
and
first
Chapter
,
hath
this
Sentence
,
thus
much
in
English
:
Nature
would
that
such
onely
should
be
Medicines
,
that
is
to
say
,
which
easily
might
be
come
by
of
the
common
people
;
easie
to
be
found
out
,
without
charge
,
taken
from
the
things
whereby
we
live
;
but
in
process
of
time
,
the
craft
of
men
,
and
sleights
of
their
wits
,
found
out
these
shops
of
strange
drugs
,
in
which
a
sale
of
mens
lives
is
offered
,
whereupon
confectious
,
and
infinite
mixtures
began
to
be
extolled
.
India
and
Arabia
a
man
would
think
he
were
in
them
,
and
for
a
little
gall
or
small
ulcer
,
a
medicine
must
be
fetched
from
the
Red
Sea
:
whereas
every
day
the
poorest
do
sup
with
true
medicines
.
And
in
his
two
and
twenty
Book
,
and
four
and
twenty
Chapter
,
We
do
not
meddle
(
saith
he
)
with
the
medicines
taken
from
the
merchandise
of
India
and
Arabia
,
or
of
the
New
World
,
they
are
not
fit
for
medicines
and
remedies
:
they
grow
too
far
off
,
they
are
not
for
us
,
no
,
not
for
the
Nations
where
they
grow
,
else
would
they
not
sell
them
away
.
If
we
shall
needs
use
them
(
saith
he
)
let
them
be
bought
for
sweet
perfumes
,
and
sweet
oyles
,
and
dainties
,
or
to
serve
superstition
,
because
when
we
pray
,
we
burn
Frankencense
and
Costus
.
And
thus
much
out
of
Pliny
,
whose
judgement
,
as
it
is
ancient
,
of
a
thousand
years
,
so
is
it
of
him
,
who
most
diligently
sought
out
the
mysteries
of
nature
,
and
published
them
for
the
use
of
posterity
.
Now
if
haply
it
be
objected
,
that
Pliny
might
well
verifie
that
of
Italy
,
which
England
cannot
performe
,
we
must
understand
,
that
Pliny
reasoneth
from
nature
,
which
serveth
for
all
nations
of
the
world
as
well
as
for
Italy
,
and
directeth
his
Pen
,
not
onely
against
the
medicines
strange
to
Italy
,
but
even
against
all
that
are
far
fetched
and
dearly
bought
,
as
appeareth
plainly
by
his
words
.
To
this
sentence
of
Pliny
,
I
will
adde
the
judgement
of
two
Physicians
of
late
time
,
lest
Pliny
being
no
Physician
,
should
be
thought
an
unsufficient
testimony
.
Fuchsius
in
his
first
Book
of
compounding
of
Medicines
,
and
seventy
six
Chapter
,
thus
agreeth
with
Pliny
.
If
we
were
not
so
carried
away
with
the
admiration
of
strange
things
,
and
were
not
fools
(
saith
he
)
who
had
rather
use
medicines
fetched
from
strange
and
far
countries
,
(
contemning
our
native
medicines
)
then
such
as
grow
in
our
gardens
:
we
might
make
honey
serve
in
stead
of
Manna
.
But
with
the
exceeding
cost
and
charge
which
those
medicines
put
us
unto
,
we
are
worthily
punished
for
our
folly
.
Loe
,
here
two
witnesses
,
the
one
a
great
Philosopher
,
and
the
other
both
a
Philosopher
and
a
Physician
,
comparable
with
the
best
of
late
dayes
.
The
third
witness
with
Pliny
and
Fuchsius
,
is
,
Martino
Rulandus
,
to
whom
the
students
of
Physick
owe
much
for
his
Medicina
practica
,
and
other
works
.
This
Rulandus
in
his
Preface
to
Medicina
practica
,
hath
these
words
;
thus
in
English
:
We
have
simple
medicines
(
easily
had
,
homely
,
of
our
own
countrey
of
Germany
,
to
be
bought
with
little
money
or
none
at
all
)
ready
(
saith
he
)
and
intreated
of
in
writing
,
by
which
onely
all
kindes
of
diseases
are
certainly
and
undoubtedly
cured
,
oftentimes
better
and
much
more
easily
(
believe
reason
and
experience
,
saith
he
)
(
and
that
with
no
hurt
or
danger
)
then
with
the
long
compounds
of
the
Apothecaries
,
which
are
costly
,
evil
gathered
,
without
knowledge
of
the
Physician
,
oftentimes
unperfectly
mixed
,
and
unskilfully
confused
,
and
as
unskilfully
boyled
;
oftentimes
putrified
,
and
by
age
of
force
wasted
,
slovenly
and
with
great
negligence
confected
.
In
which
words
Rulandus
briefly
hath
comprehended
,
in
a
manner
,
all
the
discommodities
of
strange
Medicines
.
These
testimonies
I
rather
have
alleadged
,
gentle
Reader
,
that
thou
mayest
know
this
my
opinion
,
is
not
mine
onely
,
and
new
sprung
up
from
the
leasure
of
a
Student
,
who
might
easily
be
overtaken
with
a
speculation
,
which
never
could
be
shewen
in
use
and
practice
,
but
hath
with
it
the
voice
of
authority
,
and
suffrages
of
excellent
Philosophers
and
Physicians
,
although
they
have
not
of
purpose
,
and
in
a
set
Treatise
handled
this
Argument
,
as
thou
sees
:
which
,
notwithstanding
,
containeth
indeed
the
matter
of
a
great
Volume
.
Hitherto
hath
been
shewed
the
great
inconveniences
and
dangers
which
rise
of
the
use
of
strange
Medicines
,
by
reason
,
by
experience
,
by
authority
of
Phisolophers
and
Physicians
.
If
my
reason
be
evil
gathered
,
the
experience
false
,
the
authority
not
authentical
,
what
have
I
lost
thereby
?
A
few
hours
meditation
,
and
a
few
lines
writing
,
or
my
credit
impaired
,
will
some
say
.
If
my
credit
could
either
buy
such
vertues
to
strange
Medicines
,
as
they
carry
the
name
,
or
purge
the
shops
of
counterfeit
stuff
,
or
redeem
the
harms
they
have
done
,
I
would
verily
esteem
as
much
of
the
change
,
as
he
which
made
exchange
of
Brass
for
Gold
.
Although
I
ween
it
be
a
propriety
to
mans
weakness
unavoidable
of
any
to
erre
,
and
therefore
if
obstinacy
be
not
therewith
coupled
,
alwayes
found
pardon
.
But
if
my
Arguments
rise
from
the
causes
and
effects
of
these
foreigners
,
and
causes
and
effects
of
our
bodies
,
which
are
of
all
Arguments
the
most
forceable
to
establish
,
or
overthrow
any
thing
to
be
decided
by
reason
,
and
the
authorities
such
,
as
justly
exception
cannot
be
taken
against
:
blame
me
not
(
gentle
Reader
)
though
I
be
carried
into
this
perswasion
my self
,
and
of
a
love
and
zeal
to
benefit
thee
,
have
published
that
which
I
have
conceived
of
this
Argument
.
If
I
be
deceived
in
my
judgement
of
strange
Drugs
,
(
which
I
wish
with
all
my
heart
I
were
)
these
reasons
,
the
woful
experience
,
the
authority
of
such
men
have
induced
me
.
Which
if
all
may
be
answered
,
that
which
seemed
more
then
doubtful
before
,
shall
by
this
Controversie
shine
most
clear
;
and
truth
as
it
were
wrought
with
the
fire
of
reason
,
receive
greater
strength
and
perfection
.
Thus
much
touching
the
unableness
of
strange
merchandise
to
perform
unto
us
sufficiency
,
yea
any
measure
of
medicines
as
belonging
unto
us
properly
,
and
the
discommodities
of
them
.
Now
if
strange
medicines
serve
not
our
turns
,
and
all
medicines
be
either
strange
or
home-born
,
it
must
needs
follow
,
that
the
home
medicines
are
most
naturall
and
kinde
to
us
,
except
a
man
would
say
,
all
medicines
bring
harm
unto
us
which
is
not
of
the
nature
of
a
medicine
,
being
an
instrument
of
performing
remedies
unto
us
,
or
if
it
were
so
,
yet
have
we
this
by
experience
,
that
strange
medicines
do
more
annoy
us
then
strangers
,
yea
destroy
us
,
and
restore
them
:
wherefore
home
medicines
,
and
of
our
Countrey
yield
,
of
equity
must
necessarily
perform
the
same
to
us
,
which
their
medicines
do
to
them
.
Else
I
would
know
,
why
we
should
be
inferiour
unto
them
,
or
one
Nation
more
priviledged
that
way
then
another
,
the
need
being
common
,
and
the
providence
of
God
all
one
;
yea
,
such
as
rather
then
remedy
should
need
the
chariot
of
the
Sun
to
fetch
it
from
one
end
of
the
world
to
the
other
,
or
be
so
far
to
seek
as
our
common
Druggs
are
,
he
hath
linked
the
remedy
in
many
things
,
so
straitly
to
the
cause
of
our
hurt
,
that
even
the
self
same
which
harmed
us
,
carrieth
with
it
amends
.
As
the
Scorpion
rubbed
upon
his
stinging
,
cureth
the
same
.
Likewise
the
Rany
divided
,
and
applyed
hot
to
the
wound
,
cureth
her
venemous
biting
,
and
so
the
Pastinaca
marina
,
as
it
bringeth
most
dangerous
hurt
,
it
refuseth
not
(
being
thereto
applied
)
to
minister
remedy
.
Which
practise
of
nature
might
verily
move
us
to
think
,
her
meaning
is
not
to
send
us
either
into
Arabia
or
India
for
aid
for
our
griefs
,
but
thereby
to
commend
her
care
unto
us
,
and
give
occasion
of
praising
Gods
providence
,
and
stirring
us
up
to
make
diligent
search
into
our
own
provision
,
and
to
make
better
trial
,
then
we
are
wont
of
the
same
.
Wherein
the
great
liberality
of
GOD
appeareth
in
such
large
measure
,
that
rather
superfluity
,
then
sparing
may
be
noted
herein
:
in
that
both
one
simple
nature
carrieth
with
it
the
vertue
of
many
medicines
,
and
many
simples
,
remedies
against
such
diseases
as
we
might
be
thought
like
never
to
be
subject
unto
,
and
such
things
as
in
respect
of
their
nature
might
seem
vile
unto
us
,
afford
us
(
being
skilfully
applied
)
most
sovereign
medicine
:
whereof
for
a
taste
I
give
two
or
three
examples
;
Milke
is
either
to
be
considered
in
all
the
parts
together
,
or
them
severed
.
All
kinde
of
Milke
boiled
,
especially
burned
with
stones
taken
from
the
sea-shore
,
helpeth
all
inward
ulcers
,
chiefly
of
the
jawes
,
the
lungs
,
the
guts
,
the
bladder
,
and
the
kidneys
;
it
is
good
against
the
itch
and
wheals
,
and
it
helpeth
bloody
flixes
.
New
Milke
is
good
against
frettings
made
with
poisons
received
inward
:
as
of
Cantharides
and
such
like
:
it
is
profitably
gargled
against
swellings
and
frettings
in
the
jaws
.
The
whay
of
Milk
is
good
to
purge
the
body
,
especially
of
such
as
be
melancholike
,
and
disposed
to
the
falling
sickness
,
leprosie
,
and
breaking
out
with
scabs
.
The
cheesie
part
of
it
,
as
curds
,
fresh
without
salt
,
softneth
the
belly
;
which
pressed
and
broiled
stayeth
the
laxe
.
Cheese
laid
on
,
helpeth
the
inflamation
of
the
eyes
.
The
butter
of
Milke
drunk
,
softneth
the
belly
,
and
serveth
against
poison
for
want
of
oil
,
rubbed
upon
their
gums
with
honey
helpeth
the
toothing
of
children
,
and
cureth
the
itching
of
their
gums
and
sores
of
their
mouthes
.
It
helpeth
such
as
are
bitten
of
the
serpent
called
Aspis
.
The
soot
of
butter
is
very
effectual
against
watering
eyes
,
and
swiftly
skinneth
sores
.
Thus
thou
seest
,
Reader
,
what
treasure
is
hid
in
Milke
,
(
even
an
excrement
)
being
used
both
whole
and
in
parts
.
That
which
I
have
said
of
Milke
,
belongeth
also
to
most
of
creatures
,
which
both
all
serve
for
medicine
and
each
of
them
for
sundry
purposes
:
whereby
natures
endeavour
to
furnish
us
with
all
help
of
medicine
may
evidently
appear
;
yea
,
most
of
all
,
when
she
seemeth
to
be
so
jealous
over
our
health
,
that
she
provideth
against
Drysinus
,
against
the
Scorpion
,
the
Viper
,
and
Cerastes
,
and
the
most
of
venomous
bitings
of
Serpents
,
wherewith
notwithstanding
we
are
not
as
other
nations
encumbred
,
and
those
not
common
medicines
onely
,
but
even
proper
unto
them
.
As
the
venom
of
Drysinus
is
abated
and
utterly
extinguished
with
the
Trifolie
,
and
with
all
kinde
of
mast
,
be
it
of
the
Beech
or
Oke
,
or
of
any
kinde
of
tree
that
beareth
Acorns
.
Penerial
cureth
the
Scorpions
sting
.
Against
the
biting
of
a
Viper
,
Garlike
,
Onions
,
and
Leeks
new
gathered
,
are
principal
triacles
wherewith
also
the
venom
of
Cerastes
is
overmatched
.
Ergo
,
if
Nature
fail
us
not
against
the
venome
of
strange
●erpents
,
from
which
we
be
freed
,
by
reason
of
the
temper
of
our
Region
,
repugnant
to
their
nature
,
(
all
things
being
done
in
the
actions
of
nature
,
in
exquisite
wisdom
,
and
by
a
precise
rule
of
Gods
providence
)
much
more
are
we
furnished
against
the
Diseases
bred
in
our
bowels
.
That
which
hath
been
said
of
venomous
Beasts
,
may
also
be
shewed
in
the
cure
of
strange
Diseases
,
wherein
Nature
seemeth
to
be
as
careful
as
in
the
other
.
The
French
pocks
is
an
Indian
Disease
,
and
not
known
to
this
part
of
the
world
within
this
hundred
years
,
before
that
voyage
of
Charles
the
Emperor
,
which
he
took
against
Naples
,
where
being
brought
over
with
●he
Spaniards
which
returned
with
Christopherus
●olumbus
,
who
first
discovered
the
West
Indies
,
〈◊〉
hath
since
infected
the
whole
world
.
Now
,
his
strange
and
Indian
disease
hath
nature
pro●ided
remedy
against
,
not
onely
out
of
India
,
●s
the
Gnaicum
,
and
Salsa
Parilla
,
but
even
out
Europe
as
effectual
:
as
the
Smillax
aspera
,
●herewith
Fallopius
saith
,
at
Pisa
he
cured
di●ers
of
the
French
Pocks
.
And
La
Reviere
in
●is
French
Apology
,
affirmeth
the
same
to
be
●●one
with
the
essence
of
the
Primrose
and
Cow●ip
.
The
anointings
with
Mercury
is
known
by
●aily
practices
,
what
force
they
have
against
this
most
grievous
Disease
,
which
although
some
do
mislike
,
because
indiscreetly
used
,
it
is
somewhat
●angerous
:
yet
Antonius
Chalmetous
,
a
skilfull
Chyrurgeon
,
in
the
fifth
Book
of
his
Enchiridion
●nd
fifth
Chapter
,
affirmeth
,
That
therewith
he
●ath
perfectly
cured
divers
without
danger
,
and
●f
it
hath
otherwise
fallen
out
with
some
,
that
it
hath
rather
proceeded
of
unskilful
using
,
then
●y
the
nature
of
Mercury
.
Now
,
gentle
Reader
,
thou
art
to
understand
,
the
Pocks
in
India
,
being
the
same
Disease
with
that
we
call
the
French
Pocks
,
is
there
a
gentle
disease
not
much
differing
from
the
Scab
,
void
of
such
grievous
●ymptoms
,
as
it
bringeth
to
these
quarters
,
corrupting
,
not
onely
the
fleshy
parts
of
our
bodies
,
but
even
the
very
bones
also
.
This
testifieth
Fallopius
in
his
Book
of
the
French
Pocks
.
Yet
needs
not
our
Medicines
crave
the
help
of
India
for
the
cure
thereof
,
no
,
not
although
it
●age
far
more
fiercely
(
as
it
doth
)
against
us
then
against
them
:
which
being
evident
,
let
us
consider
how
justly
nature
may
be
blamed
to
fail
in
the
provision
of
medicines
.
Scarce
would
a
man
look
for
any
great
vertue
of
medicine
in
the
Worms
of
the
earth
,
being
a
creature
so
abject
;
yet
joyn
they
and
glew
together
wounded
sinnews
;
they
cure
Tertians
,
they
help
the
pains
of
the
ears
,
the
Toothache
,
and
the
powder
of
them
drunken
,
provoketh
urine
.
The
little
vermine
called
Sowes
,
which
being
touched
runne
together
round
like
a
peese
;
who
would
think
they
cured
the
difficulty
of
making
water
,
the
Jaundies
,
the
Quinsey
?
For
which
purposes
they
be
of
great
force
,
and
for
to
discharge
stuffed
Lungs
,
with
tough
and
gross
humours
,
nothing
may
be
compared
.
Likewise
the
Cornes
of
Horse
legs
called
Lichenes
,
although
they
be
base
and
vile
excrements
,
yet
help
they
such
are
taken
with
the
Falling-sickness
.
The
decoction
of
Frogs
with
Salt
and
Butter
,
is
a
treacle
against
the
bitings
,
stingings
,
and
poisons
of
all
Serpents
;
and
the
ashes
of
them
burnt
,
stayeth
the
Flux
of
bloud
being
thereto
applyed
.
These
base
creatures
the
rather
I
propound
,
that
being
known
,
the
treasures
which
nature
hath
hid
and
laid
up
in
them
,
with
such
variety
of
vertues
,
we
might
the
better
esteeming
of
her
benefits
,
and
the
blessings
of
our
own
countrey
,
both
acknowledge
them
,
accept
them
,
and
be
more
thankful
unto
God
for
them
.
The
which
base
creatures
,
the
viler
they
seem
to
be
,
the
more
commend
they
the
goodness
of
the
Creator
,
who
would
not
the
abjectest
thing
that
is
,
should
altogether
be
without
,
wherewith
to
serve
,
and
do
homage
to
his
Lord
and
Master
:
which
if
these
things
afford
us
,
what
may
we
justly
promise
to
our selves
,
and
require
of
the
rest
,
more
excellent
creatures
?
Let
not
the
reason
seem
strange
and
weak
to
the
Reader
,
who
art
a
Christian
,
which
is
taken
from
the
Providence
and
Wisdom
of
GOD
,
to
prove
the
sufficiency
of
his
execution
and
performance
of
the
same
.
For
if
Galen
thought
it
reasonable
,
(
as
it
is
most
reasonable
,
)
to
gather
the
Wisdom
and
Providence
of
the
Creator
by
his
work
in
the
Creature
,
and
maintenance
thereof
,
which
he
,
in
the
end
of
his
Books
of
the
use
of
Parts
,
calleth
a
point
of
Divinity
,
far
to
be
preferred
above
the
whole
Art
of
Physick
:
much
more
reasonable
is
it
for
me
,
and
the
reason
sounder
which
is
drawn
from
that
Divine
Providence
,
to
the
practice
thereof
.
And
if
Galen
had
that
religion
in
him
,
being
a
Gentile
,
and
groping
onely
in
the
mist
of
natural
knowledge
of
God
,
could
not
satisfie
himself
with
a
Psalm
or
Hymn
(
as
he
himself
calleth
it
)
of
seventeen
staves
,
every
staff
containing
an
whole
Book
(
for
thus
he
himself
calleth
his
Books
of
the
use
of
Parts
)
of
the
wisdom
of
the
most
wise
God
,
esteeming
that
duty
more
acceptable
unto
him
,
then
sacrifices
of
an
hundreth
Oxen
,
or
the
most
costly
perfumes
and
incense
:
Let
it
not
be
harsh
in
thine
ears
,
gentle
Reader
,
to
hear
now
and
then
the
goodness
of
our
God
,
his
Wisdom
and
Providence
,
to
be
both
intreated
of
,
and
advanced
of
a
Christian
Physician
,
and
to
Christians
,
to
whom
the
Son
of
righteousness
hath
shined
,
and
scattered
those
mists
of
natural
darkness
,
and
hath
given
the
earnest
of
immortality
.
And
be
assured
there
is
no
truth
in
Philosophy
,
but
may
stand
with
,
ye
rather
may
rest
,
and
be
upholden
of
Christianity
.
But
let
us
proceed
.
Julius
Bassus
,
Nicerates
,
and
Petronius
Niger
,
as
saith
Dioscorides
,
thought
their
countrey
Medicines
,
and
those
which
the
native
soyl
yielded
,
most
worthy
to
be
exactly
intreated
of
them
;
belike
,
either
thinking
them
sufficient
for
the
inhabitants
,
or
more
agreeable
with
them
.
Which
homely
practice
of
the
Nations
where
he
travelled
,
Dioscorides
confesseth
to
have
been
the
matter
whereof
he
compounded
his
golden
Book
of
Medicines
,
which
at
this
day
remaineth
a
rich
storehouse
to
all
Physicians
.
Now
then
I
would
know
why
we
should
more
be
provided
of
Medicine
against
one
disease
,
then
another
,
of
our
countrey
yield
?
Is
it
because
such
diseases
which
require
strange
Medicines
are
more
dangerous
,
or
less
?
If
more
dangerous
,
then
should
the
remedy
for
them
be
more
at
hand
,
then
for
other
:
if
less
,
why
are
then
the
strange
Medicines
esteemed
as
most
forcible
?
And
if
we
be
less
subject
to
such
diseases
as
are
cured
with
them
,
and
so
the
absence
of
them
may
seem
tollerable
,
why
then
are
Tertian
Agues
chiefly
cured
with
Thamarines
and
Rhewbarb
?
Whereof
the
one
cometh
out
of
India
,
and
the
other
,
for
the
most
part
,
out
of
Barbary
.
Whatsoever
nature
is
yielded
to
any
Nation
,
it
serveth
either
for
nourishment
or
Medicines
,
or
being
neither
nourishment
or
Medicine
,
is
plain
poyson
.
Now
a
subduction
being
made
of
each
of
these
,
one
from
the
other
,
what
part
shall
we
think
will
nourishments
leave
to
Medicines
?
A
far
greater
doubtless
then
they
themselves
be
,
and
as
they
exceed
nourishments
,
so
greatly
do
they
and
beyond
all
comparison
exceed
the
poysons
.
Wherefore
if
the
most
of
creatures
in
every
Nation
,
be
a
fit
matter
of
Medicine
,
greatly
no
doubt
are
all
Nations
stored
with
them
:
which
store
declareth
,
that
as
diseases
partly
rise
of
breach
of
Diet
,
and
partly
through
poysons
;
so
Nature
would
furnish
us
with
Medicines
in
number
answerable
to
the
causes
of
both
,
which
being
not
sufficient
,
argueth
that
Nature
misseth
of
her
purpose
,
having
sufficiently
declared
her
endeavour
:
but
Nature
alwayes
bringeth
her
works
to
perfection
,
except
in
case
of
Monsters
,
which
are
not
ordinary
.
Wherefore
her
will
,
(
she
being
an
instinct
of
Gods
)
ever
going
with
the
execution
thereof
,
must
needs
perform
that
to
us
,
which
he
pretendeth
in
the
variety
.
But
that
thou
mayest
(
gentle
Reader
)
have
better
hold
and
greater
assurance
of
the
sufficiency
of
thy
Countrey
Medicines
,
I
will
set
down
briefly
,
according
to
the
variety
and
sorts
of
all
diseases
cured
with
medicine
,
Medicines
taken
from
our
native
soyl
answerable
unto
them
,
and
effectual
to
cure
them
.
And
because
Medicines
have
relation
to
diseases
,
I
will
first
touch
the
diseases
,
and
thereto
joyn
the
Medicines
.
All
diseases
are
either
in
the
complexion
,
or
frame
of
the
body
:
such
as
are
in
the
complexion
are
all
cured
by
Medicine
,
which
I
named
in
the
beginning
of
this
Treatise
,
one
of
the
instruments
of
Physick
.
Of
disease●
in
the
frame
,
these
onely
are
cured
with
Medicines
.
Quantity
superfluously
increased
,
or
diminished
:
obstructions
,
over
streightness
,
or
over
largeness
of
passages
in
the
body
.
These
are
onely
the
diseases
properly
to
be
cured
with
medicine
:
other
diseases
which
rise
of
these
,
either
of
their
own
accord
,
vanishing
by
the
cure
of
these
,
or
else
to
be
cured
by
surgery
,
as
evil
figure
and
shape
through
want
of
proportional
quantity
,
that
being
restored
,
the
figure
forthwith
returneth
,
or
if
not
,
rather
is
to
be
cured
with
help
of
hand
.
And
luxation
of
joynts
,
and
evil
coupling
of
parts
,
if
they
rise
of
distemper
onely
,
that
being
taken
away
with
medicines
,
returneth
oftentimes
with
it
,
good
situation
of
parts
.
Likewise
,
the
situation
perverteth
through
distemper
,
the
complexion
being
restored
,
the
other
consequently
do
follow
.
Now
,
having
declared
in
general
the
diseases
which
onely
require
medicine
,
that
every
disease
may
have
his
proper
one
,
I
will
subdivide
them
more
particularly
,
joyning
to
every
disease
that
medicine
which
thereto
belongeth
.
The
diseases
in
the
complexion
,
are
either
in
all
the
parts
of
the
temper
thereof
,
or
in
one
or
twain
.
In
the
whole
complexion
are
such
as
are
ingendred
of
venemous
causes
:
and
those
either
ingendred
in
the
body
,
or
happening
thereto
outwardly
;
they
which
are
ingendred
with
age
in
the
body
,
are
Cankers
,
Leprosies
,
Falling-sickness
,
Suffocation
,
of
the
matrix
through
Nature
corrupted
,
Swounding
,
through
corruption
of
Worms
,
ingendred
in
the
body
,
and
these
be
the
diseases
of
venemous
causes
bred
in
the
body
.
Such
as
happen
thereto
by
outward
occasions
,
are
either
by
poison
taken
into
the
body
,
or
by
outward
●ouching
procured
,
taken
into
the
body
;
as
the
poison
of
Toads
,
Henbane
,
Nightshade
,
Hem●ock
,
Ratsbane
,
Quicksilver
,
and
such
Minerals
;
●nd
last
of
all
,
infected
Airs
,
causing
Pestilence
,
●nd
Carbuncles
.
Such
as
are
outwardly
procu●ed
,
are
either
without
wounds
or
with
wounds
;
without
wounds
,
infection
passing
from
one
to
●nother
,
as
the
French
Poxs
.
With
wounds
,
●enemous
bitings
,
and
stingings
of
beasts
,
as
of
●erpents
and
mad
Dogs
.
And
these
are
all
the
●iseases
said
to
be
in
the
whole
temper
of
the
●ody
;
which
having
first
shewed
to
be
suffici●ntly
cured
by
home
Medicines
,
in
like
manner
●ill
I
prosecute
the
rest
.
And
herein
(
gentle
●eader
)
thou
art
not
to
look
I
should
set
down
●ll
Medicines
,
which
our
native
soyl
is
known
to
●estow
upon
us
for
cure
of
these
diseases
,
which
●ould
grow
to
an
infinite
Volume
,
I
herein
●eferring
thee
to
the
works
of
those
,
who
of
pur●ose
have
written
of
the
nature
of
Simples
,
and
●re
Authors
of
Practice
;
but
it
shall
I
hope
,
suf●●e
for
this
purpose
,
to
pick
out
amongst
a
great
●any
,
those
of
choice
for
these
diseases
.
And
●st
to
begin
with
Cankers
,
which
being
not
ex●cerated
,
but
remaining
humors
,
are
cured
(
if
●ith
any
medicine
)
by
the
juyce
of
Nightshade
,
●ll
the
sorts
of
Endive
and
Succory
,
with
Agrimony
,
with
Saint
Johns
wort
,
wilde
Clary
,
called
Oculus
Cstristi
,
the
flesh
of
Snails
boiled
,
Crayfishes
,
green
Frogs
;
and
to
conclude
,
with
all
kinde
of
Metals
and
Minerals
,
and
among
them
Lead
,
howsoever
it
be
used
,
is
most
sovereign
.
If
it
be
exulcerated
,
then
herein
hav●
the
Minerals
and
Metals
the
chief
place
.
To
th●
exulcerate
Canker
belongeth
the
Wolf
(
whic●
is
naught
else
,
but
a
Canker
exulcerated
.
)
Th●
Gangrene
and
Speacelus
,
are
cured
by
the
r●medies
of
the
Canker
and
Wolf
,
the
one
bein●
a
degree
of
an
Ulcer
,
in
which
the
parts
begin
t●
be
mortified
;
the
other
,
when
they
have
no●
lost
life
altogether
.
The
Leprosie
is
an
univers●
Canker
,
and
for
outward
medicines
requireth
n●
other
.
Among
the
inward
,
Plantine
,
Wha●
Hedgehogs
dryed
and
drunk
,
help
greatly
.
An●
thus
much
for
Cankers
and
Leprosies
,
which
〈◊〉
they
be
diseases
hard
to
be
cured
by
any
med●cine
,
so
receive
they
as
great
help
by
these
o●
home
medicines
,
as
by
any
of
strange
〈◊〉
The
Falling-sickness
,
if
it
be
in
such
as
are
age
and
have
been
long
diseased
therewith
,
is
a
d●ease
hardly
,
or
not
at
all
to
be
cured
.
But
wh●●
it
is
curable
,
these
medicines
be
compar●●
with
the
best
:
The
root
of
the
Missleto
of
〈◊〉
Oak
,
the
runnet
of
an
Hare
,
the
Peony-ro●
Enula
Campana
,
the
scalp
of
a
Man
,
and
A●hoof
,
Hyssop
,
the
milt
of
an
Horse
,
the
Sto●
which
are
found
in
the
Mawes
of
the
first
〈◊〉
of
Swallows
,
five
leaved
Grass
,
the
juyce
of
t●
Cowslip
,
the
juyce
of
Horehound
with
Ho●
All
suffocations
of
the
Matrix
are
cured
〈◊〉
Plantine
,
Pennirial
,
Herbgrace
,
and
by
an
infinite
number
of
home
medicines
.
Worms
,
and
that
infection
is
taken
away
by
Coriander-seed
,
Colewort
seed
,
Garlike
,
Wormwood
,
and
in
a
manner
with
all
bitter
herbs
,
with
the
juyce
of
Purslane
,
with
the
filings
of
Stags-horn
,
little
inferiour
in
vertue
to
that
,
which
is
commonly
taken
for
the
Unicorns
horn
,
Peach
leaves
,
Hyssop
,
Mints
,
Purslane
seed
.
Thus
much
touching
medicines
against
diseases
,
ingendred
of
venemous
causes
within
the
body
.
Now
touching
such
as
happen
by
outward
occasions
:
and
first
of
those
that
by
mouth
are
taken
into
the
body
.
Against
which
generally
,
it
helpeth
great●y
to
drink
store
of
butter
instead
of
oyl
,
with
warm
water
,
or
the
decoction
of
Flax
seed
,
Fe●igreek
,
or
Mallows
,
and
thereupon
a
vomit
,
which
done
,
Sothernwood
,
the
root
of
Seahulver
,
the
seed
of
Nep
,
the
juyce
of
Horehound
,
the
seed
of
wilde
Rue
,
Walnuts
,
Turnips
,
Herb-grace
,
five
leaved
Grass
,
with
an
infinite
number
of
native
medicines
,
expel
the
poison
,
and
restore
the
Patient
.
More
properly
to
the
poison
of
Cantharides
,
belong
Penerial
;
to
Buprestis
all
kinde
of
Pears
,
and
Womens
Milk
:
to
the
Salamander
,
Chamepitis
,
〈◊〉
holy
roots
:
to
the
worms
of
the
Pine-tree
,
su●●
〈◊〉
●he
poison
of
Cantharides
:
against
the
poison
of
the
Toad
,
the
roots
of
Reeds
and
Cyperus
:
against
the
Camelion
,
Radish
roots
,
and
Wormwood
:
against
Ephemerum
,
Asses
milk
,
or
Cows
milk
hot
:
against
Dorycnium
,
Goat●
milk
,
Asses
milk
,
Cockles
,
and
Crayfishes
;
against
the
poison
of
Aconitum
,
Organ
,
Herb-grace
,
Horehound
,
the
decoction
of
Wormwood
.
Against
Chriander
,
Wormwood
,
salt
broth
made
with
a
Goose
or
Hen
,
which
expe●
also
the
poison
of
Flewort
:
the
Poison
o●
Hemlock
is
cured
with
Mints
,
Herbgrace
,
Nettle-seed
,
Bay-leaves
,
which
also
cure
the
poison
of
Ugh
,
and
Carpasus
.
The
poison
of
that
kinde
of
Crow-foot
called
Sardonia
,
is
cured
with
drinking
store
of
Mede
,
and
Milk
,
Henbane
with
Nettle-seed
,
wilde
Endive
,
Mustard-seed
,
and
Rocket
,
Cerus
,
with
Mede
,
hot
Milk
Peach-stones
,
with
the
decoction
of
Barley
with
the
decoction
of
Mallows
,
Quicksilver
,
with
store
of
Milk
drunk
:
Mercury
sublimed
with
Chrystal
:
Lime
,
Orpiment
,
Ratsbane
,
and
such
like
,
with
the
decoction
of
Flax-seed
,
and
Milk
with
Mede
.
And
to
conclude
th●
point
,
there
is
no
kinde
of
poison
,
but
it
findeth
cure
by
our
Countrey
Medicines
,
without
borrowing
.
Thus
much
for
the
cure
of
poison
taken
into
the
body
by
eating
or
drinking
o●
them
.
Pestilences
are
cured
(
if
with
any
medicine
)
with
Angelica
,
Carduus
Benedictus
,
Ar●nike
worn
about
the
body
,
the
root
of
Pimp●nel
,
of
Tormentil
,
Herbgrace
Setwal
,
Walnuts
the
powder
of
St.
Johns-wort
,
Juniper-berries
Verven
.
and
the
chief
of
all
,
the
noble
simpl●
Water
Germander
,
and
the
Duarfgentian
.
Fo●
pestilent
sores
,
and
Carbunkles
,
Scabious
,
Osb●●
Lousestrife
,
and
the
Marigold
:
to
the
pestilent
may
be
referred
the
small
Pocks
,
and
such
like
which
agree
in
medicine
also
with
the
pestilence
And
thus
much
for
the
cure
of
poisons
.
Against
bitings
and
stingings
of
venemous
beasts
,
and
poisoned
weapons
,
there
are
also
both
general
and
particular
remedies
.
The
general
are
these
:
the
ashes
of
the
cuttings
of
the
Vine
,
and
of
the
Fig-tree
,
with
Lee
,
Leeks
,
Onions
,
Garlike
,
the
Sea-water
,
Mustard-seed
,
Endive
,
Heath
,
the
root
of
the
Sea-Hulver
,
Bay-berries
,
Herbgrace
,
Dill
,
Sowse-bread
,
Fennel
,
Penerial
,
the
runnet
of
an
Hare
,
the
Weasel
;
and
these
general
.
Particular
are
such
as
follow
.
Against
the
bitings
of
Phalangium
,
the
seed
of
Sothernwood
,
Aniseed
,
the
seed
of
Trifoly
,
the
fruit
of
Tamarisk
.
Against
the
Scolopendra
:
wild
Rue
,
Thime
,
Calamint
:
against
the
Scorpion
,
Basil-seed
:
against
the
biting
of
a
Viper
,
Adder
,
&c.
Sothernwood
,
Bays
,
green
Organ
,
the
Bramble
,
the
brains
of
an
Hen
,
Cole-seed
.
Against
the
bitings
of
a
mad
Dog
:
Crowgarlike
,
the
river
Crab
,
Balm
,
an
actual
cautery
,
the
liver
of
the
mad
dog
broiled
,
the
blood
of
a
●og
drunk
.
And
thus
much
for
the
bitings
and
stingings
of
venemous
beasts
,
which
also
serve
against
poisoned
wounds
,
else
to
be
cured
with
the
medicine
,
which
respecteth
properly
the
poison
,
wherewith
the
weapon
hath
been
infected
.
The
●nfection
without
wound
,
is
the
French
Pocks
,
whereof
(
sufficient
having
been
said
before
)
I
will
here
say
nothing
.
This
then
shall
suffice
to
have
written
of
the
cure
of
all
diseases
rising
of
●enemous
causes
:
(
wherein
if
nature
of
her
own
●ccord
,
as
it
were
,
and
in
this
great
neglect
of
●ur
Countrey
and
native
medicines
)
hath
shew●d
her self
so
liberal
,
how
large
would
she
be
,
if
with
set
purpose
,
and
careful
endeavour
greater
trial
of
things
were
had
,
and
proof
made
by
learned
,
and
discreet
men
.
Now
follow
the
diseases
which
are
by
the
excess
,
or
defect
of
one
or
two
parts
of
the
temper
,
which
are
hot
,
cold
,
moist
,
and
dry
,
simple
or
compounded
,
which
if
they
be
not
procured
by
evil
humours
,
then
require
they
altering
onely
by
contrary
qualities
.
If
by
them
:
as
Phegm
,
Choler
,
Melancholy
,
then
are
these
humours
first
to
be
avoided
,
and
diminished
.
Such
as
require
altering
,
are
cured
by
natures
of
contrary
quality
,
not
onely
generally
,
but
even
answerable
to
all
degrees
of
excess
.
And
first
to
begin
with
hot
diseases
of
the
first
degree
,
they
are
cured
with
such
contraries
as
follow
:
Barley
,
sower
Grapes
,
Roses
,
Violets
,
the
Oak
,
Quinces
,
Damsins
,
Pellitory
of
the
wall
,
Docks
,
Pears
,
Apples
,
Harts-horn
,
the
flowers
,
and
whole
herb
of
Mallows
:
of
the
second
degree
,
the
water
Lilly
,
Ducks
meat
,
Knotgrasse
,
Vine
leaves
,
the
Bramble
,
Plantane
,
Cherries
,
Lead
,
Cerus
,
Barberies
,
Cowcumbers
,
Mellons
,
Gourds
,
Citrals
,
whites
of
Eggs
,
Medlers
,
and
Services
.
Of
the
third
,
Purslane
,
Housleek
,
Mandrake
,
Henbane
.
Of
the
fourth
,
Hemlock
,
Poppy
.
Thus
much
for
hot
diseases
.
Medicines
for
cold
diseases
are
these
,
ho●
which
follow
.
Of
the
first
degree
:
Bugloss
,
Borage
,
Fumitory
,
Sage
,
Horse-hoof
,
Lycorice
Maiden-hair
,
Butter
,
Lillies
,
Flax-seed
,
Marrow
and
Fat
,
Cammomile
,
Fenigreek
,
&c.
O●
the
second
:
Dill
dry
,
Mugwort
Parsley
,
Saffron
,
Honey
,
Balm
,
Salt
,
&c.
The
third
:
Annise
,
Folefoot
,
Calamint
,
Commine
,
Fennel
Hyssop
,
Mints
,
&c.
The
fourth
:
Garlick
,
Cresses
,
Mustard
,
Celandine
the
great
.
For
moist
diseases
these
medicines
are
good
:
Of
the
first
degree
dry
:
Cabbage
,
Beats
,
Cammomile
,
Fennel
,
Beans
,
Fenigreek
,
&c.
Of
the
second
:
Dill
,
Mugwort
,
Shepheards-pouch
,
Dodder
,
Lintils
,
Honey
,
Rosemary
.
Of
the
third
:
Wormwood
,
Germarder
,
Hyssop
,
Juniper
,
five-leaved
Grass
,
Organ
,
Horehound
,
&c.
Of
the
fourth
,
Garlick
,
Cresses
,
Mustard-seed
,
wilde
Rue
.
Dry
diseases
have
these
medicines
:
Bugloss
,
Mallows
,
Turnips
,
Endive
,
for
the
first
degree
.
The
second
:
Violets
,
water
Lilly
,
Lettice
,
Purslane
,
&c.
The
third
and
fourth
degrees
,
as
these
are
evil
supplied
by
strange
simples
,
so
are
they
recompensed
by
increase
of
quantities
of
moist
in
the
two
first
degrees
.
And
thus
much
touching
medicines
belonging
to
the
cure
of
diseases
in
one
part
of
the
temper
,
which
being
in
two
parts
,
and
without
humour
,
require
either
temperings
the
simple
qualities
aforesaid
,
in
divers
simples
,
or
natures
wherein
such
two
do
exceed
,
which
because
they
be
as
plentiful
as
those
I
have
before
mentioned
,
and
that
hereof
none
makes
doubt
,
I
will
not
touch
:
If
this
double
distemper
rise
of
humour
,
as
for
the
most
part
it
doth
,
then
is
that
humour
to
be
diminished
,
or
altogether
to
be
voided
out
of
the
body
,
and
then
the
distemper
remaining
to
be
altered
.
The
humors
are
properly
to
be
voided
by
purgation
,
otherwise
there
be
diverse
:
as
exercise
,
fastings
,
sweating
,
urine
,
and
such
like
.
But
properly
the
vacuation
of
Phlegm
,
Choler
,
Melancholly
,
which
are
the
causes
of
this
double
distemper
,
belonging
to
purging
medicines
,
which
purgations
,
as
the
greatest
doubt
is
of
natures
provision
in
them
,
so
they
being
supplied
by
our
own
Countrey
Soil
,
the
greatest
part
of
this
controversie
may
seem
to
be
decided
.
Purgations
are
either
by
vomit
,
or
by
stool
:
by
vomit
our
native
soil
ministreth
great
choice
,
as
very
gently
:
The
Radish
roots
with
the
seed
,
the
Pepon
root
,
and
Nettle-seed
,
with
more
vehemency
:
Folefoot
,
leaf
and
root
,
the
middle
bark
of
the
Walnut-tree
,
and
the
long
blossoms
thereof
:
and
yet
most
vehemently
,
the
seeds
of
Broom
,
and
the
flowers
thereof
:
and
these
for
vomit
.
By
the
stool
,
and
first
to
purge
choller
:
the
flowers
and
leaves
of
the
Peach-tree
,
Violet
flowers
and
seeds
,
comparable
with
Rhewbarb
,
the
great
garden
Dock
,
called
the
Munks
,
Rhewbarb
,
Damask-roses
,
wilde
Saffron
,
the
powder
of
Fetherfew
,
all
the
kinde
of
spurges
,
the
root
of
the
wild
Cowcomber
,
the
root
of
Briony
,
and
Coloquintida
.
Melancholly
is
purged
with
Coloquintida
,
the
Oak
Fern
,
the
juice
of
Mandrake
,
the
flowers
of
Broom
,
Barefoot
,
and
Antimony
.
Phlegm
and
water
are
purged
with
Coloquintida
,
the
juice
of
Rhineberries
,
the
gross
bark
of
the
Elm
,
the
juice
of
the
root
of
Walwort
,
of
Elder
,
the
garden
Flowerdeluce
root
juiced
.
The
dry
leaves
of
Laurel
,
the
Seawithwinde
,
scurby
weed
.
These
are
a
show
of
our
English
store
of
Purgers
,
which
if
they
be
too
strong
,
then
are
they
to
be
ministred
in
smaller
quantity
,
mixed
with
those
of
feebler
working
:
if
too
weak
,
then
are
they
to
be
sharpned
with
quicker
.
If
they
offend
any
part
,
they
are
to
be
corrected
,
partly
with
cordials
,
and
partly
with
medicines
respecting
such
parts
as
they
annoy
.
Which
wants
are
not
onely
to
be
charged
upon
our
Countrey
medicines
,
seeing
even
the
best
of
forreign
purgers
are
to
be
touched
with
the
same
.
As
Scammony
is
corrected
with
Quinces
,
otherwise
it
troubleth
the
stomach
with
a
griping
and
gnawing
,
it
purgeth
over
vehemently
,
it
hurteth
the
liver
,
and
is
an
enemy
to
the
heart
,
and
doth
exulcerate
where
it
passeth
,
and
procureth
dysenteries
,
that
is
to
say
,
ulcers
in
the
guts
.
Turpeth
is
corrected
with
Ginger
,
and
long
Pepper
.
Mastick
with
oil
of
sweet
Almonds
,
and
Sugar
,
else
overthroweth
it
the
stomach
,
troubleth
,
and
overdrieth
the
body
.
Coloquintida
with
oil
of
sweet
Almonds
,
Gum
,
Tragacanth
,
or
Mastick
,
else
troubleth
it
vehemently
the
whole
body
,
procureth
the
bloody
Flix
,
and
miserably
tormenteth
the
guts
.
So
Agarick
requireth
to
be
steeped
in
wine
with
Ginger
and
Cloves
,
yet
scarce
abstaineth
it
from
overthrowing
the
stomach
.
Cassia
marreth
the
stomach
,
and
requireth
to
be
mixed
there
with
stomach
medicines
.
The
excessive
driness
and
binding
of
Rhewbarb
,
is
corrected
with
some
moistning
syrup
.
Aloe
requireth
Mastick
and
Gum
,
Tragacanth
,
to
mitigate
the
fretting
thereof
.
Sene
marreth
the
stomach
,
and
either
through
windiness
,
or
through
vehemency
of
scouring
tormenteth
the
body
,
and
therefore
needeth
Ginger
,
Cinamon
,
or
Spike
,
sweet
Prunes
,
fat
Broth
,
and
Raisins
.
Hermodactiles
offend
the
stomach
,
and
cause
winde
,
and
require
Ginger
,
Cumine
,
or
Spike
:
and
to
be
short
,
there
is
no
purger
of
strange
drugs
,
which
requireth
not
correction
of
great
faults
;
which
correction
is
taken
from
such
medicines
as
respect
those
parts
chiefly
,
which
the
purgation
,
doth
annoy
,
whereof
such
is
our
store
,
that
in
all
parts
we
be
sufficiently
armed
therewith
:
but
of
these
shall
hereafter
be
spoken
.
Now
if
any
man
think
for
want
of
Cassia
,
Manna
,
Sene
,
Rhewbarb
,
these
humors
cannot
be
voided
,
or
not
so
well
;
let
me
then
know
how
the
Grecians
wanted
them
,
and
yet
found
no
lack
,
using
onely
Scammony
,
Helleborus
,
and
Colocynthis
,
Aloes
,
and
Agarick
,
for
their
chief
purgations
.
The
other
being
brought
in
of
late
in
comparison
,
by
the
Arabians
,
who
both
in
knowledge
of
Physick
,
and
in
the
works
thereof
were
far
inferiour
to
the
Grecians
,
to
whom
I
say
(
I
mean
the
ancient
of
them
in
Galens
time
,
and
before
)
neither
Manna
,
nor
Cassia
,
nor
Sene
,
nor
Rhewbarb
,
nor
Hermodactyles
were
known
,
either
at
all
,
or
at
the
uttermost
for
purgers
:
and
as
for
Manna
Fuchsius
saith
,
that
certain
having
been
about
the
mount
Libanus
,
made
report
that
the
inhabitants
of
that
mountain
having
eaten
their
fill
thereof
,
neither
feel
themselves
any
whit
troubled
therewith
,
nor
their
bodies
loosed
,
but
use
it
for
an
ordinary
sustenance
:
whereby
again
appeareth
a
great
diversity
of
working
of
strange
medicines
,
according
to
the
variety
of
Countreys
.
But
what
should
we
say
of
the
nature
of
Purgers
,
it
is
doubtless
one
of
the
hardest
points
at
this
day
in
all
natural
Philosophy
;
neither
minde
I
at
this
present
to
deal
therein
:
but
this
may
I
say
,
as
by
preparation
,
one
nature
may
according
to
the
variety
thereof
receive
divers
,
yea
,
contrary
vertues
,
so
seemeth
it
to
me
,
that
this
vertue
of
purging
may
be
procured
to
natures
of
themselves
destitute
thereof
,
by
preparation
.
Divers
,
and
in
a
manner
all
the
mettals
and
minerals
being
burnt
and
washed
,
give
over
their
fretting
nature
:
And
Quicksilver
(
which
of
it self
is
not
sublimed
,
or
precipitated
)
becometh
a
vehement
scouring
medicine
:
so
likewise
Antimony
,
before
it
be
turned
into
glass
or
oyl
,
is
not
known
to
purge
the
body
,
which
being
done
,
is
greatly
commended
against
the
Dropsie
,
the
French
Pox
,
Melancholly
,
and
divers
other
diseases
,
which
it
cureth
by
purging
:
so
that
it
seemeth
art
of
preparation
,
as
it
maketh
no
nature
,
(
that
being
a
work
of
the
universal
nature
)
so
may
it
not
onely
be
a
preparer
,
but
even
a
maker
of
medicines
,
which
medicines
are
not
natures
,
as
hath
been
before
declared
,
but
qualities
in
natures
,
even
as
health
,
and
sickness
are
not
of
the
nature
of
mans
body
,
but
even
accidents
thereto
.
Which
being
certain
,
let
us
then
consider
what
an
infinite
variety
of
medicines
would
arise
of
things
,
the
same
being
used
not
onely
entire
,
but
diversly
prepared
,
and
even
corrupted
:
wherein
the
industry
of
Alchmistes
,
is
verily
greatly
to
be
commended
,
and
far
more
excellent
then
the
common
Pharmacopolia
,
rather
so
to
be
called
then
Pharmacopoiya
,
by
the
skill
whereof
diverse
Natures
in
one
thing
are
so
exactly
severed
,
every
one
having
a
diverse
operation
.
Now
oft-times
because
the
Humour
to
be
purged
is
gross
and
tough
,
and
so
hardly
yieldeth
to
the
Medicine
,
or
hath
some
other
evil
quality
,
wherewith
it
might
greatly
hurt
the
parts
,
whereby
it
passeth
;
Nature
not
forgetting
this
point
,
hath
as
abundantly
supplied
such
helps
in
this
behalf
,
as
need
requireth
:
as
for
the
preparing
of
Choler
;
Plantine
,
Roses
,
the
Verjuice
of
the
Grape
,
Endive
,
Succory
,
Sorrel
,
Sperage
,
&c.
For
Melancholly
;
Violets
,
Borage
,
Bugloss
,
Baulm
,
Fumitory
,
Doddar
,
Ceterach
,
or
Fingerfearn
,
&c.
For
Phlegme
;
Fenel
,
Parsley
,
Betony
,
Nep
,
Penerial
,
Thime
,
Savory
,
Germander
,
&c.
Of
these
I
less
stand
upon
,
because
the
preparers
of
humors
are
least
in
controversie
,
although
from
hence
may
an
argument
be
drawn
,
not
lightly
to
be
passed
over
,
to
prove
the
store
of
purgers
,
seeing
nature
hath
ministred
sufficiency
of
preparers
,
and
as
it
were
Harbingers
to
the
purgers
of
Countrey
yield
.
But
I
will
draw
to
an
end
,
and
thus
much
shall
suffice
for
this
present
purpose
to
have
bin
said
of
Medicines
,
belonging
to
the
cure
of
all
Diseases
in
the
Complexion
.
The
other
kinde
of
Diseases
are
in
the
frame
of
the
Body
,
and
of
those
,
if
quantity
be
superfluously
increased
,
and
that
in
the
whole
body
,
medicines
which
do
vehemently
waste
,
as
those
of
the
third
degree
hot
,
diminish
the
same
.
If
in
the
part
onely
,
medicines
which
we
call
eaters
and
fretters
,
dispatch
the
same
:
as
Copperas
,
the
ashes
of
Spurge
,
burnt
Allom
,
Mercury
sublimed
and
precipitate
,
Verdigreece
,
burnt
Salt
,
&c.
If
measure
be
diminished
,
and
that
without
loss
of
substance
,
the
glewing
medicines
bring
cure
:
whereof
our
native
soil
is
so
stored
,
that
for
Wounds
,
the
Surgeons
need
neither
send
into
Barbary
,
nor
India
:
as
Plantine
,
Hounds-tongue
,
the
flowers
and
leafs
of
Willows
,
Yarrow
,
Carduus
Benedictus
,
Betony
,
Scabious
,
Verven
,
Elm-leaves
,
Adders-tongue
,
Moon-wort
,
Herb-turpence
,
Selfheal
;
and
these
if
the
wounds
be
in
the
fleshy
parts
.
If
it
be
breaking
of
Bones
,
such
are
joyned
with
fine
flower
,
the
brain
of
a
Dog
,
with
Wool
,
and
the
white
of
an
Egg
,
the
Holilock-root
,
the
moss
of
the
Oke
,
Glew
,
Roses
,
Wormwood
,
&c.
If
there
be
loss
of
substance
in
the
fleshy
parts
,
either
by
wound
,
or
ulcer
,
Incarnatives
fail
us
not
:
as
Barley
meal
,
Fenigreek-flower
,
Figbene-meal
;
and
to
be
short
,
all
such
as
be
of
the
first
degree
hot
and
dry
,
without
eagerness
or
fellness
.
Now
the
diseases
in
the
straitness
of
Passages
,
or
Obstructions
,
if
they
arise
of
the
humors
aforesaid
,
and
in
those
places
whereto
the
medicine
may
conveniently
come
,
then
are
they
to
be
set
free
by
purging
.
If
upon
other
causes
,
or
in
such
places
whereto
the
force
of
the
medicines
which
purgeth
cannot
come
,
or
hardly
entereth
,
or
of
such
causes
as
be
no
humours
,
but
through
some
other
strange
matter
,
or
by
straitness
of
the
vessels
wherethrough
the
passage
is
,
then
are
other
remedies
to
be
used
,
whereof
we
have
great
plenty
,
as
softners
,
loosers
,
and
such
as
enlarge
the
pores
of
the
body
;
of
which
sort
are
such
as
be
not
above
the
first
degree
hot
,
as
Camomile
,
Lilies
,
new
Butter
,
Swines-grease
,
Lin-seed
,
Fenigreek
,
Briony-root
,
all
Marrows
.
Also
Medicines
which
make
the
matter
thin
,
or
cut
it
,
and
divide
it
into
sundry
parts
;
of
which
sort
are
they
of
the
second
degree
hot
,
to
the
third
degree
:
as
Dill
,
Pennerial
,
Savery
,
Organ
,
Thime
,
Marjoran
,
Saint-Johns
wort
,
Worm-wood
,
&c.
Now
if
the
humour
prepared
be
to
be
voided
by
place
medicine
,
then
Salt
,
Salt-water
,
Lye
,
Ashes
,
Allom
,
and
Lime
,
take
place
;
and
if
more
vehemency
be
needful
,
Calamint
,
wilde
Cresses
,
Treacle
,
Mustard
,
Garden
Cresses
,
Mustard-seed
,
Nettles
,
Dragons
,
all
the
Spurges
are
to
be
numbred
among
the
best
:
and
if
these
serve
not
,
the
root
of
Crowfoot
will
make
the
supply
.
If
the
humour
cannot
be
voided
conveniently
,
except
it
be
altered
into
another
matter
,
of
which
sort
is
pent
blood
out
of
the
veins
,
then
are
ripening
medicines
first
to
be
applied
:
as
Butter
,
Wheat-flower
,
Sorel
,
Horse-hoof
,
Lilies
,
Marsh-mallows
,
Onions
roasted
;
which
are
all
singular
ripeners
.
If
the
matter
be
tough
and
clammy
,
the
scourers
avoid
that
inconvenience
:
Endive
,
Succory
,
red
Roses
,
Plantine
,
Housleek
,
Agrimony
,
Betony
,
Honey
,
Horehound
,
Wormwood
,
Baulm
,
Pimpernel
,
Watergermander
,
&c.
Now
if
the
matter
which
stoppeth
be
the
stone
,
as
in
the
Kidneys
,
or
Bladder
,
then
are
these
Medicines
most
convenient
for
that
use
:
Grummel-seed
,
Goats-blood
,
the
juice
of
Mugwort
,
Seahulver-root
,
the
stones
found
in
the
great
Snails
heads
,
Radish-roots
,
Saxifrage
,
&c.
If
any
hard
matter
be
in
other
parts
,
the
softners
,
and
wasters
,
and
dissolvers
are
to
be
applied
.
Thus
much
touching
the
cure
of
Obstructions
and
strait
Passages
,
which
according
to
the
variety
of
place
where
they
light
,
cause
sundry
Diseases
,
or
rather
take
to
them
sundry
names
:
As
in
the
Brain
,
the
Apoplexy
;
in
the
bladder
of
Gall
,
the
yellow
Jaundies
;
in
the
Spleen
,
the
black
;
in
the
Sinnews
of
motion
,
the
Palsie
or
trembling
;
in
the
Lungs
,
Asthma
,
&c.
Now
if
these
Passages
be
too
large
,
they
are
to
be
stopped
and
straitned
with
cooling
and
drying
medicines
;
of
which
sort
,
in
a
manner
,
are
all
of
sharp
and
sowre
taste
:
as
Vine
leaves
,
the
Bryer
and
Bramble
,
Barberries
,
Medlers
,
and
Services
,
Quinces
,
and
such
as
are
of
themselves
,
or
by
mixture
with
liquor
clammy
;
as
Wheat-flower
,
Bean-flower
,
the
white
of
an
Egge
,
Plaister
,
washed
Lime
,
Litharge
,
and
Ceruse
.
Now
moreover
,
because
in
all
good
cure
,
not
onely
the
cause
of
the
Diseases
is
to
be
oppugned
,
but
the
part
also
to
be
strengthned
,
which
must
needs
,
partly
by
the
cause
of
the
disease
,
and
partly
even
by
the
conflict
of
the
same
cause
with
the
medicine
be
feebled
,
that
nothing
be
wanting
unto
us
for
the
restoring
of
health
,
nature
hath
provided
even
speciall
munition
for
every
part
of
the
body
,
that
the
whole
furniture
against
all
diseases
might
be
compleat
:
As
for
the
Head
,
Anniseeds
,
Folefoot
,
Betony
,
Calamint
,
Eyebright
,
Lavander
,
Bayes
,
Marjoran
,
Piony
,
Sage
,
Rue
,
or
Herbgrace
,
Lettice
,
the
Leaves
and
Flowers
of
Water-lilies
,
Roses
,
Garden
Nightshade
.
For
the
Lungs
,
Calamint
,
Dragons
,
Licorice
,
Enula
campana
,
Hyssope
,
Linseed
,
Horehound
,
the
Lungs
of
a
Fox
,
Scabious
,
Water
Germander
,
Barley
,
garden
Poppy
,
Violets
,
Horsehoof
.
For
the
Heart
,
Bugloss
,
Borage
,
Saffron
,
Baulm
,
Basil
,
Rosemary
,
Violets
,
the
bone
of
a
Stags
heart
,
Roses
.
For
the
Stomach
,
Wormwood
,
Mints
,
Betony
,
Baulm
,
Mint
,
Quinces
,
Medlers
,
Sorrel
,
Purslane
.
For
the
Liver
,
Dartspine
,
or
Chamepitys
,
Germander
,
Agrimony
,
Fenel
,
Endive
,
Succory
,
Liverwort
,
Barbaries
.
For
the
Spleen
:
Maidenhair
,
Sperage
,
Fingerfearn
,
Do●der
,
D●●der
of
Thime
,
Hops
,
the
bark
of
the
Ash-tree
.
For
the
Kidneys
,
Seahulver
,
Grumel
,
Parsley
,
Kneholme
,
Saxifrage
,
Mallowes
,
Plantine
,
Pellitory
of
the
Wall
.
For
the
Womb
,
Mugwort
,
Penerial
,
Fetherfew
,
Savin
,
Walwort
,
Juniper
.
For
the
Joynts
,
Camomile
,
Saint-Johns
wort
,
Organ
,
Rue
,
Mullen
,
Primrose
,
and
Cowslips
,
the
less
Centaury
,
and
Chamepitys
.
Thus
have
I
(
gentle
Reader
)
briefly
run
over
the
Diseases
cured
by
Medicine
,
having
passed
by
those
which
either
rise
of
these
,
as
evil
figure
by
immoderate
excess
,
or
defect
of
quantity
,
unequally
increasing
or
wanting
,
or
number
,
evil
situation
for
want
of
good
couplance
through
distemper
,
and
such
like
,
as
also
the
compound
of
those
which
require
(
onely
composition
excepted
)
the
same
medicines
.
Whereby
evidently
mayest
thou
see
the
goodness
of
God
towards
thee
,
in
so
plentifully
furnishing
thine
own
soil
with
such
variety
of
medicines
,
which
if
it
yield
thee
such
plenty
in
this
neglect
,
and
loathing
of
our
countrey
remedies
,
what
fruit
were
thou
to
look
for
,
if
diligence
and
pains
were
used
?
Verily
,
right
well
might
we
both
avoid
the
dangers
before
declared
,
ease
our selves
of
immoderate
charge
,
and
have
better
assurance
of
our
medicines
then
we
have
:
yea
,
very
well
satisfie
our
daintiness
,
even
with
strange
simples
,
or
finde
out
such
as
should
not
onely
in
vertues
match
with
the
spices
of
India
,
(
which
is
a
plain
case
)
as
Rosemary
matcheth
Cinnamon
;
Basil
,
Cloves
;
Sage
,
the
Nutmegs
;
Saffron
,
Ginger
;
Thime
,
Musk
;
Savery
,
the
leaf
called
Malabathrum
,
but
even
in
pleasantness
of
taste
express
the
same
.
And
as
Avens
doth
most
lively
represent
the
taste
of
Cloves
unto
us
,
so
likely
is
it
,
if
search
were
made
,
and
this
enterprise
of
examining
and
trying
our
native
simples
taken
in
hand
by
men
of
wisdom
and
understanding
,
we
should
no
more
be
destitute
of
spices
,
then
India
or
Arabia
,
although
neither
Indish
,
nor
Arabick
:
and
as
the
small
jags
of
the
roots
of
Avens
fail
little
from
Cloves
in
taste
,
so
might
we
as
likely
finde
that
which
were
little
inferiour
to
Cinnamon
,
Ginger
,
Nutmegs
,
and
Mace
;
not
onely
in
likeness
of
working
,
but
even
in
similitude
of
nature
:
but
I
will
refer
this
to
that
time
,
when
either
men
shall
be
more
careful
for
publique
benefit
then
private
gain
,
or
sufcient
allowance
bestowed
of
such
men
as
should
spend
their
dayes
onely
in
searching
out
the
vertues
of
natures
,
which
at
this
time
is
greatly
wanting
,
even
as
for
all
other
professions
of
arts
.
Our
English
soil
is
greatly
commended
,
as
it
justly
deserveth
,
for
temper
of
the
air
,
and
of
such
as
have
experience
thereof
,
of
strangers
,
and
great
masters
of
simples
,
for
variety
of
excellent
medicines
carrieth
great
praise
,
who
report
they
finde
such
simples
in
the
valleys
and
woods
of
our
North
parts
,
as
they
finde
in
the
tops
of
mountains
in
the
South
Countreys
.
So
that
certain
Gardens
in
England
,
especially
in
London
,
are
able
to
afford
great
variety
of
medicines
,
even
of
forreigh
simples
to
all
diseases
.
And
if
the
Dittany
of
Candy
,
the
Cyprus-tree
,
the
Nicotian
out
of
India
,
Coloquintida
,
the
Almond-tree
,
the
Pomegranate-tree
,
will
brook
our
soil
,
and
flourish
therein
,
as
they
do
,
we
need
not
doubt
,
but
certain
and
sufficient
provision
of
all
medicines
,
I
mean
all
kindes
,
but
not
all
of
every
kinde
,
which
were
unnecessary
,
neither
can
any
Countrey
challenge
the
same
)
might
be
made
partly
of
a
voluntary
yield
of
the
same
,
partly
by
planting
,
and
sowing
with
just
temper
of
the
mould
,
and
situation
of
the
Plant
,
out
of
our
own
Countrey
,
both
with
less
charge
,
and
less
danger
,
for
all
diseases
.
Now
if
it
be
demanded
,
why
then
both
the
practice
is
,
and
hath
been
hitherto
otherwise
?
I
will
onely
say
thus
much
for
answer
,
although
much
more
might
be
said
.
The
whole
Art
of
Physick
hath
been
taken
,
partly
from
the
Greeks
,
and
partly
from
the
Arabians
,
and
as
the
precepts
of
the
Art
,
so
likewise
the
meanes
and
instruments
,
wherewith
for
the
most
part
the
precepts
of
the
same
Art
are
executed
,
which
hath
bred
this
errour
in
times
past
;
now
by
a
tradition
received
,
that
all
duty
of
the
Physician
touching
restoring
health
,
is
to
be
performed
by
the
same
remedies
not
in
kinde
onely
,
but
even
specially
,
with
those
which
the
Grecian
and
Arabian
Masters
used
,
who
wrote
not
for
us
,
but
for
their
Greeks
and
Arabikes
,
tempering
their
medicines
to
their
states
,
although
their
rules
be
as
common
as
reason
to
all
nations
.
Galen
saith
in
his
first
Book
of
preserving
health
,
he
giveth
the
rules
thereof
no
more
to
Germanes
,
then
to
Boars
and
Bears
,
but
to
the
Grecians
,
which
declareth
they
respected
their
own
Nation
,
both
in
rule
and
medicine
,
Who
also
the
Arabians
in
the
same
point
followed
.
Now
we
receiving
the
same
medicines
with
the
rule
,
must
needs
fall
into
the
absurdities
aforesaid
,
much
like
to
the
evil
Musician
,
which
playeth
onely
upon
the
instrument
,
whereon
his
Master
taught
him
,
which
if
he
assay
upon
another
,
committeth
divers
discords
among
other
evill
graces
in
Musick
.
But
the
wife
and
learned
Physician
,
being
furnished
with
other
Arts
more
general
then
his
own
,
whereto
natural
Philosophy
most
highly
approacheth
,
being
a
knowledge
of
all
natural
things
,
not
of
Arabia
,
or
India
,
or
Greece
,
but
universally
findeth
in
all
countreys
medicines
for
diseases
,
nature
yielding
sufficiency
of
contraries
to
all
sorts
of
them
,
whereto
the
inhabitants
are
subject
;
at
the
least
in
all
quarters
,
which
rise
not
of
a
blinde
tradition
,
but
from
a
certain
knowledge
of
nature
.
This
then
I
take
to
be
the
chief
cause
of
this
custom
in
using
strange
medicines
,
which
ignorance
of
nature
doth
feed
and
nourish
daily
.
I
blame
none
,
neither
tax
I
any
man
,
and
I
dare
say
,
there
is
not
a
learned
Physician
in
this
Land
,
who
is
not
able
to
perform
this
point
with
English
medicines
,
if
they
would
take
the
matter
in
hand
;
whereto
rather
I
exhort
them
,
then
instruct
them
,
being
a
thing
sufficiently
known
unto
them
.
For
it
is
not
the
Nutmeg
,
or
the
Mace
that
strengthneth
the
brain
,
and
cureth
cold
diseases
,
and
moist
diseases
thereof
,
but
a
drying
and
warming
vertue
,
with
a
secret
agreement
which
they
have
with
the
brain
to
preserve
the
same
,
which
being
found
as
sufficient
in
Sage
,
in
Rosemary
,
in
Betony
,
and
such
like
,
the
Nutmeg
,
and
the
Mace
,
with
such
other
spices
for
that
turn
may
be
discharged
.
The
same
may
be
said
of
all
strange
natures
,
which
although
we
want
,
yet
have
we
such
as
are
suffient
to
serve
instead
:
for
as
every
nation
hath
a
peculiar
condition
of
the
same
disease
,
so
must
the
medicine
also
needs
be
of
another
sort
;
and
as
the
medicine
varieth
,
so
why
the
matter
of
the
same
medicine
should
not
also
vary
,
I
know
not
.
The
medicine
varieth
in
respect
of
the
complexion
of
the
Patient
,
being
other
in
one
countrey
,
then
in
another
,
which
medicines
is
,
as
it
were
,
seated
in
nature
,
which
hath
many
qualities
besides
that
medicinable
;
which
quality
,
if
the
medicine
be
good
,
must
agree
with
the
Patients
complexion
:
if
not
,
then
hurteth
it
greatly
.
If
it
agreeth
with
the
complexion
of
a
Moor
,
an
Indian
,
or
Spaniard
,
then
must
it
needs
disagree
with
ours
;
which
disagreement
and
want
,
if
it
be
patched
up
unto
us
by
correctours
,
yet
declareth
the
patching
,
that
the
medicine
is
rather
by
force
constrained
,
then
naturally
yieldeth
it self
to
the
remedy
,
and
so
of
it self
unmeet
.
Wherefore
as
well
the
matter
thereof
is
to
be
changed
,
as
the
medicine
it self
.
And
if
those
corrections
need
also
correction
,
what
then
?
I
will
not
say
that
all
simples
need
their
correctours
,
although
it
be
avouched
of
some
,
and
such
as
carry
great
authority
for
their
skill
in
Physick
.
Thus
have
I
(
gentle
Reader
)
for
thy
benefit
I
hope
made
a
way
to
the
greater
use
of
our
home
medicines
,
wherein
if
I
have
said
freely
my
minde
against
strange
drugs
,
thou
mayest
understand
that
otherwise
the
way
were
stopped
to
our
English
medicines
;
●nd
blame
me
not
,
if
I
say
as
much
for
ours
,
as
the
strangers
say
for
theirs
.
And
if
as
yet
by
custom
●t
seem
hard
to
alter
the
common
course
,
let
each
practicer
look
to
that
,
I
set
no
laws
to
any
;
onely
●
crave
liberty
in
this
point
,
both
pleasant
and
profitable
to
English
men
.
Wherein
I
have
examples
of
excellent
Philosophers
and
learned
Physicians
,
neither
broach
I
any
idle
conceits
of
my
own
.
Of
this
minde
is
Plinius
,
Secundus
,
Fuchsius
,
Rulandus
,
Symphorianus
,
Campegius
,
Octavianus
,
Horatianus
Physician
to
Valentinian
the
Emperour
,
that
all
Countreys
have
sufficient
medicines
for
all
diseases
.
I
know
much
more
might
be
said
of
this
point
,
but
this
I
thought
sufficient
.
The
End
.