CHAP.
III.
Of
its
Increase
,
Magnitude
,
Inhabitants
,
Publick
Structures
,
&c.
AS
it
was
said
of
the
People
of
Rome
,
that
e
parva
origine
,
from
a
small
beginning
they
grew
to
a
vast
greatness
,
so
we
may
truly
say
of
this
Famous
City
(
the
Metropolis
of
our
Monarchy
)
which
even
in
Neroes
days
was
Renowned
for
Concourse
of
Merchants
,
and
provision
of
all
things
,
(
as
Speed
informs
us
,
)
and
must
Consequently
be
Great
and
Populous
.
That
it
has
received
an
accession
and
increase
in
the
Respective
Ages
,
is
certain
;
and
in
our
Memory
,
we
have
seen
it
to
multiply
exceedingly
in
beautiful
Structures
and
number
of
Inhabitants
.
So
that
it
is
at
present
of
vast
extent
,
being
from
Lime-House
to
the
end
of
Tuttle-steet
,
from
East
to
West
,
above
7500
Geometrical
paces
,
that
is
,
above
seven
Miles
and
ahalf
;
And
from
the
further
end
of
Blackman-street
in
Southwark
,
to
the
end
of
St.
Leonard-Shore-Ditch
is
2500
paces
,
that
is
two
Miles
and
a
half
.
The
Principal
Streets
,
Lanes
,
and
Alleys
,
in
this
great
City
,
are
above
500
in
number
,
and
yet
some
of
them
above
half
a
measured
Mile
in
length
.
Before
the
dreadful
Conflagration
in
1666
,
there
were
computed
within
the
Walls
above
15000
Houses
,
which
is
but
one
fifth
of
the
whole
City
,
as
appears
by
the
Weekly
Bills
of
Mortality
,
so
that
the
Total
of
Houses
may
be
75000
,
which
are
mightily
increased
since
the
Rebuilding
of
the
City
,
enlarging
it self
every
way
,
especially
,
about
St.
James's
and
Sohoe-Fields
,
where
it
has
received
such
Additions
of
beautiful
Buildings
,
as
by
themselves
would
make
a
brave
City
.
So
that
now
London
for
fair
and
stately
Edifices
,
uniform
and
Regular
buildings
,
and
other
publick
Structures
,
does
not
only
excel
its
former
State
,
but
(
all
things
considered
)
may
outvie
the
most
Magnificent
Cities
of
the
Universe
,
as
shall
be
Demonstrated
more
particularly
.
As
to
the
number
of
Inhabitants
when
London
was
by
more
than
a
fourth
part
less
than
it
is
now
,
there
were
computed
to
be
eaten
67500
Beefs
yearly
there
,
ten
times
as
many
Sheep
,
that
is
675000
,
besides
abundance
of
Calves
,
Lamb
,
Swine
,
all
sorts
of
Poultry
,
Foul
,
Fish
,
Roots
,
Milk
,
&c.
And
that
every
year
to
supply
the
City
with
Coals
,
there
is
brought
into
the
River
about
300000
Chaldrons
,
every
Chaldron
being
36
Bushels
.
The
Bills
of
Mortality
in
times
of
no
Infection
,
do
yearly
amount
to
20000
and
odd
,
which
is
three
times
more
than
Amsterdam
;
and
equal
to
,
if
not
beyond
Paris
,
as
by
the
Bills
themselves
may
be
seen
.
In
the
year
1667.
when
the
greatest
part
of
the
City
lay
in
Ashes
within
the
Walls
,
and
much
without
,
and
consequently
many
of
the
Inhabitants
forced
to
retire
into
the
Countrey
for
Habitation
,
according
to
exact
computation
there
were
brewed
that
year
in
London
452563
Barrels
of
Beer
,
580421
Barrels
of
Ale
,
and
489797
Barrels
of
Table-Beer
,
(
or
Small
Beer
.
)
The
Strong
Beer
36
gallons
to
the
Barrel
,
sold
at
12
s.
6
d.
the
Small
Beer
also
36
gallons
to
the
Barrel
,
sold
at
6
s.
6
d.
the
Ale
32
gallons
to
the
Barrel
,
sold
at
16
s.
But
now
there
is
a
vast
greater
quantity
(
besides
abundance
of
Spanish
,
French
,
and
Rhenish
Wines
,
Cyder
,
and
other
Liquors
)
consumed
.
The
Excise
of
Beer
and
Ale
,
though
very
moderate
,
is
(
or
has
lately
been
)
Farmed
of
the
King
at
above
120000
l.
a
year
.
Parish
Churches
,
besides
Chappels
,
there
are
in
all
132
,
which
is
twice
more
then
any
City
in
Christendom
hath
;
which
leads
us
to
take
a
View
of
the
Publick
Structures
,
which
for
methods
sake
shall
be
described
in
this
order
.
NEW-GATE
.
LUD-GATE
.
CRIPPLE-GATE
.
ALDERS-GATE
WESTMINSTER
ABBY
25
PARLAMENT
HOVS●
THE
MON
VMENT
St
MARY
OVERIE●S
▪
CHVRCH
BOW
STEEPLE
BISHOPS-GATE
.
MOORE-GATE
.
THE
TOWER
.
ALD-GATE
.
-
1.
The
Walls
,
Towers
,
Gates
,
&c.
-
2.
Churches
and
Monuments
.
-
3.
Hospitals
and
Work-Houses
.
-
4.
Palaces
,
and
the
Houses
of
the
Nobility
.
-
5.
Exchanges
and
Publick
Halls
.
-
6.
Colledge
and
Inns
of
Court
.
-
7.
Bridges
,
and
the
New
River
.
-
8.
Markets
.
SECT.
I.
Of
its
Walls
,
Gates
,
Towers
,
&c.
SIm●on
of
Durham
,
the
Ancient
Writer
,
tells
us
,
That
London
was
first
encompassed
with
Walls
by
Constantine
the
Great
,
at
the
Request
of
his
Mother
Helena
,
about
the
year
399.
or
according
to
Stow
,
306.
Which
Wall
being
of
rough
Stone
and
Brittish
Brick
,
was
in
compass
three
miles
,
inclosing
the
Model
of
the
City
almost
in
the
form
of
a
Bow
on
the
Land-side
,
(
except
Denting
in
betwixt
Cripplegate
and
Aldersgate
)
but
on
the
South-side
it
was
as
the
String
of
a
Bow
,
furnished
with
Towers
and
Bulwarks
at
due
distances
.
The
City
is
of
greater
length
from
East
to
West
,
then
from
North
to
South
:
That
part
of
the
Wall
which
stood
on
the
Thames
side
,
is
by
the
continual
flowing
and
washing
of
the
River
,
fallen
down
and
decayed
;
yet
there
appeared
some
remains
thereof
in
Henry
the
Second's
time
:
Fitz-Stephens
,
who
then
lived
,
says
,
That
London
was
ab
Austro-mura●a●
&
Turrita
,
that
is
,
Walled
and
Towered
on
the
South
,
but
that
in
Tract
of
Time
the
River
Thames
destroyed
it
.
Mr.
Stow
in
his
Survey
tells
us
,
That
the
City
being
destroyed
by
the
Danes
,
Anno
839.
was
repaired
by
Alfred
King
of
the
West
Saxons
,
Anno
886.
after
it
had
lain
waste
47
years
,
Anno
1215.
the
sixth
of
King
John
,
the
Barons
entred
the
City
by
Aldgate
,
plundered
the
Jews
,
repaired
the
Walls
with
the
Stones
of
their
Houses
.
Anno
1257.
Henry
the
Third
caused
the
decayed
Walls
to
be
repaired
at
the
common
charge
of
the
City
.
Anno
1282.
Edward
the
First
giving
Licence
to
enlarge
the
Black
Fryars
Church
,
and
to
break
down
a
part
of
the
Wall
between
Ludgate
and
the
River
Thames
,
he
gave
certain
Customs
to
the
Mayor
and
Citizens
to
build
a
Wall
from
Ludgate
West
,
to
Fleet-Bridge
,
and
so
behind
the
Houses
by
the
Fleet-Water
(
now
the
New-Channel
)
to
the
River
.
In
the
year
1310.
Edward
the
Second
commanded
the
Citizens
to
finish
the
Wall
already
begun
,
and
the
Tower
at
the
end
of
it
,
within
the
Water
of
the
River
Thames
near
Black-Fryars
.
Anno
1322.
being
the
second
of
Edward
the
Third
,
the
Walls
were
again
repaired
.
It
was
also
granted
by
King
Richard
the
Second
in
the
tenth
year
of
his
Reign
,
That
a
Toll
should
be
taken
of
the
Wares
sold
by
Land
or
Water
for
ten
years
,
towards
the
repairing
of
the
Walls
and
cleansing
the
Ditch
about
London
.
In
the
sixteenth
of
Edward
the
Fourth
,
(
viz.
Anno
1476.
)
the
Mayor
of
London
(
Sir
Ralph
Joceline
)
caused
the
part
of
the
Wall
betwixt
Aldgate
and
Aldersgate
to
be
repaired
;
the
Skinners
repairing
from
Aldgate
to
Burys-marks
towards
Bishopsgate
,
as
may
appear
by
their
Arms
in
three
places
fixed
there
.
The
Mayor
with
his
Company
of
Erapers
,
repaired
from
Bishops-gate
to
Allhallows-Church
in
the
same
Wall
,
and
from
Allhallows
towards
the
Postern
called
Moor-gate
.
A
great
part
of
the
same
Wall
was
repaired
by
the
Executors
of
Sir
John
Crosby
Alderman
,
as
may
appear
by
his
Arms
in
two
places
fixed
there
;
and
other
Companys
repaired
the
rest
of
the
Wall
to
the
Postern
of
Cripple-gate
.
Bishops-gate
was
new
built
by
the
Merchants
Almains
of
the
Still-yard
.
The
Goldsmiths
Repaired
from
Cripple-gate
towards
Alders-gate
,
and
there
the
work
ceased
,
which
was
a
great
Service
for
one
Year
.
The
Circuit
of
the
Wall
on
the
Land
side
from
the
Tower
to
Aldgate
in
the
East
is
82
perches
;
from
thence
to
Bishops-gate
86
perches
.
From
Bishopsgate
in
the
North
to
the
Postern
of
Cripple-gate
162
perches
.
From
Cripple-gate
to
Alders-gate
75
perches
.
From
Alders-gate
to
New-gate
66
perches
.
From
New-gate
in
the
West
to
Ludgate
42
perches
.
From
thence
to
the
Fleet-Dyke
West
60
perches
.
From
thence
to
the
River
Thames
about
70.
In
all
643
perches
,
every
perch
being
5
Yards
and
a
half
,
contains
3536
Yards
and
a
half
,
which
is
10608
foot
,
or
two
Miles
and
a
half
,
and
608
foot
over
,
to
which
if
you
add
from
Black
friers
to
the
Tower
,
it
will
be
found
,
that
the
whole
Circuit
of
the
Walls
was
above
three
English
Miles
.
The
Principal
Gates
of
this
Noble
City
are
seven
,
viz.
on
the
West
,
Ludgate
of
King
Lud
,
it
being
built
by
him
,
as
Geoffry
of
Monmouth
says
,
about
the
Year
of
Christ
66.
Though
some
(
as
Leland
)
conjecture
,
it
may
be
called
,
Lud-gate
for
Fludgate
,
from
a
little
Flud
running
beneath
it
.
It
was
made
a
Free
Prison
Anno
1379.
Sir
Nicholas
Bremer
being
Mayor
,
which
was
confirmed
in
the
Year
1382.
By
a
Common
Counsel
in
the
Guild-Hall
▪
by
which
it
was
Ordained
,
That
all
Free-men
〈◊〉
this
City
should
for
Debt
,
Trespasses
,
Accounts
,
and
Contempts
,
be
imprisoned
in
Lud-gate
,
where
at
first
they
paid
nothing
for
Lodging
and
Water
.
This
,
Gate
was
Repaired
in
the
28
of
Q.
Elizabeth
,
Anno
1586
at
the
Common
charges
of
the
City
,
amounting
to
above
1500
l.
In
the
3
d
of
Edw.
4.
Sir
Mathew
Philips
being
Mayor
,
Dame
Agnes
Foster
,
Relict
of
Sir
Stephen
Foster
Fishmonger
,
(
who
was
also
Mayor
in
the
one
and
thirtyeth
Year
of
King
Hen.
6.
)
for
the
Comfort
and
Relief
of
all
the
poor
Prisoners
,
procured
an
Establishment
of
certain
Articles
in
a
Common
Council
,
viz.
That
the
New
Works
then
lately
Edified
by
the
same
D●me
Agnes
,
for
the
enlarging
of
the
Prison
of
Lud-gate
,
from
thenceforth
should
be
had
and
taken
as
a
part
and
parcel
of
the
said
Prison
of
Lud-gate
,
so
that
both
the
old
and
new
Work
aforesaid
to
be
one
Prison
,
Goal
,
keeping
and
charge
for
evermore
.
The
Quadrant
built
by
the
said
Sir
Stephen
Foster
and
his
Lady
,
contained
a
large
walking
place
by
ground
of
38
Foot
and
a
half
in
Length
,
besides
the
thickness
of
the
Walls
,
which
were
6
Foot
in
all
44
Foot
and
a
half
,
the
Breadth
within
the
Walls
was
29
Foot
and
a
half
,
which
with
the
thickness
of
the
Walls
makes
it
35
Foot
and
an
half
broad
.
The
like
Room
there
was
over
it
for
Lodgings
,
and
over
that
fair
Leads
to
walk
upon
,
well
imbattelled
for
fresh
Ayr
and
refreshment
of
Prisoners
.
2.
New-gate
which
was
so
called
for
its
Newness
,
as
being
erected
later
than
the
rest
,
viz.
about
the
Reign
of
Henry
the
first
,
or
of
King
Stephen
:
This
was
the
fairest
of
all
the
Gates
,
and
was
Rebuilt
after
its
being
destroied
in
the
dreadful
Conflagration
in
1666
more
stately
than
ever
,
(
of
which
we
will
give
a
particular
account
hereafter
,
as
also
of
the
Revival
of
London
,
from
those
Ruinous
heaps
in
which
the
Hellish
Malice
of
●●cked
Incendiaries
had
buried
it
.
)
This
Gate
being
a
Sumptuous
and
Capacious
Fabrick
,
is
the
Publick
Goal
or
Prison
for
Criminals
,
and
also
for
Court-Actions
,
for
the
County
of
Middlesex
,
and
has
been
so
for
many
Ages
,
as
appears
by
Records
in
King
John's
time
.
There
have
been
many
Benefactors
to
this
place
,
who
gave
somthing
Yearly
towards
the
Relief
of
Prisoners
,
as
Sir
John
Poultney
,
who
gave
4
Marks
per
annum
,
Anno
1237.
and
many
others
since
.
Anno
1312.
It
was
re-edified
by
the
Executors
of
Sir
Rechard
Whittington
.
3.
Alders-gate
is
said
to
Derive
its
name
of
Elder-●rees
which
grew
about
it
,
others
from
its
Antiquity
,
(
viz.
Olders-gate
,
)
and
some
Derive
it
from
Aldrich
a
Saxon.
This
also
is
(
and
indeed
all
the
Gates
that
have
been
consumed
in
the
great
fire
,
are
)
now
built
more
Magnificently
than
ever
they
were
.
4.
Cripple-Gate
so
called
of
a
Spittle
of
Cripples
somtimes
adjoining
thereto
,
that
were
wont
to
beg
at
the
said
Gate
.
It
has
been
formerly
a
Prison
,
where
Persons
were
Committed
,
as
now
to
the
Compters
.
It
was
Re-edified
by
the
Brewers
of
London
,
in
the
Year
1244.
And
by
the
Executors
of
Edmund
Shaw
Goldsmith
,
Mayor
,
Anno
1491.
5.
Moor-Gate
,
so
called
from
a
Moorish
ground
hard
by
,
but
now
turned
into
very
pleasant
and
delightful
walks
,
called
Moor-fields
.
This
Gate
was
built
by
Thomas
Falconer
Lord
Mayor
,
in
the
2
H.
5.
Anno
1414.
6.
Bishops-Gate
,
so
called
of
a
Bishop
the
Benefactor
,
which
the
Dutch
Merchants
,
or
Hans
of
the
Still-Yard
,
were
bound
by
Covenant
to
repair
and
defend
at
all
times
of
Danger
and
extremity
.
7.
Aldgate
,
on
the
East
,
so
named
from
the
oldness
,
or
Elbe-Gate
,
this
is
one
of
the
Principal
Gates
,
and
of
the
7
double
Gates
mentioned
by
Fitz-Stephens
.
It
is
Rebuilt
at
the
Charge
of
the
City
.
Besides
these
,
in
ancient
times
there
stood
two
Gates
on
that
part
of
the
City
next
the
River
whilst
the
Wall
stood
,
namely
Billings-Gate
,
now
a
Wha●f
or
a
Key
;
and
Doure-Gate
,
or
the
Water-Gate
commonly
called
Dow-Gate
.
There
are
some
Posterns
also
,
which
may
go
for
Gates
,
as
that
out
of
Christ-Church
and
Hospital
,
to
pass
from
thence
to
the
Hospital
of
St.
Ba●tholomews●
in
Smithfield
,
to
make
which
,
License
was
given
to
the
Lord
Mayor
and
Aldermen
,
in
the
6.
of
E.
6.
Sir
Richard
Dobbs
Lord
Mayor
.
There
is
also
another
that
leads
to
Moor-fields
.
And
that
near
the
Tower
,
by
the
Remains
,
seems
to
have
been
a
fair
and
strong
Arched
Gate
of
much
trust
there
having
formerly
been
always
a
Person
of
Quality
as
Custas
▪
or
Keeper
of
it
.
In
the
2
R.
1.
Ann.
1190.
William
Longshamp
Bishop
of
Ely
,
Lord
Chancellor
of
England
,
caused
a
part
of
the
C●ty
Wall
;
to
wit
,
from
the
said
Gate
(
towards
the
River
)
to
the
White
Tower
,
to
be
broken
down
for
the
enlarging
the
said
Tower
,
which
he
encompassed
with
the
outer
Wall
and
broad
Ditch
,
but
coming
too
near
the
foundation
of
the
aforesaid
Gate
,
it
was
much
loosned
and
weakned
,
so
that
200
and
odd●
years
after
,
viz.
Anno
1440.
18
H.
6.
It
fell
down
and
was
never
since
re-edified
.
There
were
several
other
Water-Gates
,
which
were
purchased
by
private
Men
,
as
at
Black-frier-stairs
a
free
landing
place
:
Puddle-Wharf
:
Pauls-Wharf
,
a
free
landing
place
:
Broken-wharf
:
Queen-Hith
:
a
place
called
Woolf-Gate
,
in
the
Parish
of
A●l●allows
,
after
called
Woolf-lane
,
but
the
lower
part
being
built
on
by
the
Earl
of
Shre●s●ury
;
and
the
upper
part
by
the
Chamberlain
of
London
;
it
was
grown
out
of
use
.
There
was
also
a
Gate
called
Ebgate
,
now
the
Old
Swan
.
There
was
also
a
small
Gate
called
Oyster-Gate
,
because
Oysters
were
sold
there
,
and
other
Shell
Fish
.
Bridg-gate
so
called
of
London-Bridg
,
was
reckoned
by
Fitz-Seephens
,
one
of
the
Principal
Gates
of
the
City
.
Next
Buttolph-gate
,
so
called
of
St.
Buttolphs-Church
adjoining
.
Of
Billingsgate
we
have
spoke
already
.
There
was
a
Water-gate
by
the
Custom-House
,
at
the
South
end
of
Water-lan●
,
and
another
Water-gate
by
the
Tower
.
Of
the
Tower
of
London
.
THe
Wall
of
the
City
was
furnished
round
about
with
Towers
and
Bulworks
at
due
and
Regular
distances
.
Of
which
(
where
the
Wall
ended
towards
the
River
on
the
East-side
)
the
most
eminent
was
that
which
we
call
the
To●●r
of
London
,
Built
by
William
the
Conqueror
,
about
the
Year
1078.
(
Some
say
that
Caesar
built
the
White-Tower
,
but
that
is
not
so
:
nor
does
he
mention
it
in
his
Commentary
,
though
an
exact
Recorder
of
his
own
Actions
)
Gundulph
Bishop
of
Rochester
,
being
Principal
Surveyor
and
Overseer
of
the
Work
.
This
was
the
great
Square
Tower
now
called
the
White-Tower
,
which
has
been
much
inlarged
by
several
Buildings
since
adjoyned
at
diverse
times
,
and
incompassed
with
a
Wall
.
And
Anno
1190
in
the
2
R.
1.
(
as
was
said
,
)
the
Bishop
of
Ely
Chancellor
of
England
,
incl●sed
it
with
a
thick
and
strong
outward
Wall
of
stone
Embattailed
,
and
caused
a
Broad
and
Deep
Ditch
to
be
cast
about
the
same
,
thinking
to
have
Invironed
it
with
the
River
of
Thames
,
so
that
it
is
a
most
Famous
Goodly
Citadel
,
resembling
a
big
Town
.
Edward
the
4
th
.
fortified
this
Tower
,
inclosing
a
certain
piece
of
Ground
taken
from
Tower-Hill
,
on
the
West
,
which
is
now
called
the
Bulwark
.
Near
West-gate
opening
to
the
South
,
there
is
a
strong
Postern
for
passengers
,
by
the
Ward-House
,
over
a
Drawbridg
let
down
for
that
purpose
.
On
the
South
side
towards
the
East
,
is
a
large
Water-gate
,
for
the
Receipt
of
small
Vessels
,
under
a
store
Bridg
from
the
River
Thames
;
beyond
it
〈◊〉
a
small
P●stern
with
a
Draw-bridg
,
seldom
let
down
but
to
receive
great
Persons
that
are
Prisoners
.
The
Lyon-Tower
was
built
by
Edward
the
4
th
.
This
is
not
only
a
Fort
or
Citadel
to
Defend
and
Command
both
City
and
River
,
but
al●o
a
Royal
Palace
,
where
our
Kings
with
their
Courts
have
Lodged
some
times
.
'T
is
furnished
with
an
Armory
and
Royal
Arsenaf
of
Arms
,
and
Ammunition
for
60000
Men.
Here
are
kept
the
Tre●sury
for
the
Jewels
and
Ornaments
of
the
English
Crown
,
the
only
Mint
now
for
Coining
Silver
and
Gold
in
England
.
And
the
most
Antient
Records
of
the
King's
Courts
of
Justice
at
Westminster
.
This
is
the
Chief
Prison
for
the
safe
Custody
of
Great
Persons
that
are
Criminals
.
It
is
out
of
any
County
or
Parish
,
yet
a
great
part
of
it
is
within
the
liberty
of
the
City
.
For
it
was
the
Judges
opinion
that
those
that
were
to
be
Tried
for
the
Murder
of
Sir
Thomas
Overbury
,
must
be
Tried
in
the
City
,
the
Fact
being
done
there
.
The
Office
of
his
Majesties
Records
is
of
venerable
Antiquity
.
And
as
the
Chapel
of
the
Rolls
in
Chancery-Lane
,
and
Petty
Bag-Office
,
doth
fill
with
Records
out
of
other
Offices
,
they
are
transmitted
into
the
Tower
after
some
years
,
for
preservation
and
security
.
These
Records
contain
the
Foundations
and
Dissolutions
of
Abbeys
,
Donation
of
Land
,
&c.
These
Records
at
the
Rolls
being
joyned
to
those
in
the
Tower
,
will
make
a
perfect
continuance
of
all
the
Antient
Rights
of
England
,
as
,
1.
The
Leagues
and
Treaties
of
Foreign
Princes
.
2.
The
Warlike
Atchievments
of
the
English
in
France
and
other
Parts
.
3.
The
Original
of
all
the
Laws
Enacted
and
Recorded
till
the
Reign
of
Richard
the
3.
4.
The
Homage
and
Dependancy
of
Scotland
upon
England
.
The
Establishment
of
Ireland
in
Laws
and
Dominions
.
5.
The
Dominion
of
the
British
Seas
excluding
both
French
and
Dutch
from
Fishing
there
without
the
Kings
License
,
proved
by
Records
before
the
Conquest
.
6.
The
Title
of
the
Realm
of
France
,
and
how
obtained
.
7.
And
all
that
the
Kings
or
Princes
of
this
Land
have
until
that
time
done
abroad
,
on
granted
,
or
confirmed
unto
their
Subjects
,
at
home
or
abroad
.
8.
Tenures
of
all
Lands
,
extents
of
Surveys
of
Mannors
and
Land
,
Inquisitions
post
mortem
.
9.
Libertys
and
Priviledges
Granted
to
Citys
,
Towns
,
or
private
Men.
10.
Several
Writs
Bleadings
,
Proceedings
,
&c.
in
Courts
of
Chancery
,
Common
Law
,
Exchequer
,
&c.
11.
Inspeximus's
and
Inrollments
of
Charters
and
Deeds
before
the
Conquest
.
12.
Metes
and
Bounds
of
all
Forrests
,
with
the
respective
Rights
of
the
Inhabitants
to
common
pasture
;
besides
many
other
things
too
tedious
to
be
repeated
,
and
are
in
the
Petition
of
the
Commons
of
England
in
Parliament
.
Anno
46.
E.
3.
Num.
43.
Said
to
be
the
perpetual
Evidence
of
every
Mans
Right
,
and
the
Records
of
this
Nation
,
without
which
no
Story
of
the
Nation
can
be
written
or
proved
.
They
are
reposited
in
Wakefield-Tower
,
adjoyning
to
the
Blood-Tower
near
Traytors-gate
.
It
is
to
be
kept
open
and
constantly
attended
,
for
all
Resorters
thereto
,
from
7.
to
11.
of
the
Clock
in
the
Morning
,
and
from
1.
till
5.
in
the
Afternoon
every
Day
of
the
week
;
but
in
December
,
January
,
and
February
,
from
8.
in
the
Morning
to
4.
in
the
Afternoon
,
except
Holy-days
,
&c.
The
Governor
is
call'd
the
Lieutenant
of
the
Tower
,
who
ought
to
be
a
Person
of
Worth
and
Fidelity
,
and
by
Vertue
of
his
Office
,
is
to
be
a
Justice
of
Peace
in
Kent
,
Surrey
,
and
Middlesex
;
he
is
High
Steward
of
a
Court
there
held
,
hath
a
Deputy
,
may
refuse
an
Habeas
Corpus
,
and
may
give
Protection
to
all
Debtors
belonging
to
the
Tower
,
all
England
over
.
He
can
take
two
Gallons
and
a
Pint
of
all
.
Wine-Ships
that
come
.
His
Sallary
is
200
l.
per
annum
.
His
usual
Fee
for
every
Prisoner
sent
to
the
Tower
,
who
are
commonly
Men
of
Estates
,
is
20
l.
and
3.
l.
a
week
of
an
Esq
5.
l.
for
a
Knight
;
for
a
Baron
or
above
5.
l.
at
Entrance
,
to
whom
the
King
weekly
allows
10
l.
whereof
two
parts
to
the
Prisoner
,
the
third
to
the
Lieutenant
for
Lodging
and
Dyet
,
and
50
l.
to
the
Lieutenant
,
upon
the
Prisoners
discharge
.
The
Gentleman
Taylor
is
put
in
by
the
Lieutenant
of
the
Tower
,
and
his
Fee
is
41
s.
of
a
Gentleman
,
and
5
l.
of
a
Knight
.
There
are
40
Warders
of
the
Tower
,
accounted
the
King's
Domestick
Servants
,
and
sworn
by
the
Lord
Chamberlain
of
His
Maiesties
Houshold
,
or
by
the
Clerk
of
the
Check
.
In
this
Tower
is
kept
the
Office
of
His
Majesties
Ordnance
,
the
standing
and
grand
Magazine
of
the
principal
Preparatives
,
Habiliments
,
Utensils
,
and
Instruments
of
War
by
Sea
and
Land
.
It
is
under
the
Government
in
chief
of
the
Master
of
the
Ordnance
,
by
whom
it
is
committed
to
principal
Officers
,
as
a
Lieutenant
,
who
,
in
the
absence
of
the
Master
of
the
Ordnance
,
imparts
all
Orders
and
Warrants
directed
to
the
Office
,
and
is
to
see
them
duely
executed
,
and
to
give
Order
for
the
discharging
great
Ordnance
when
required
,
at
Triumphs
,
Festivals
,
&c.
As
also
to
see
the
Train
of
Artillery
,
and
all
its
Equipage
,
fitted
for
motion
upon
any
occasion
.
The
Surveyor
is
to
survey
all
the
Stores
and
Ordnance
;
to
allow
Bills
of
Debt
,
and
see
that
all
Provision
be
good
,
&c.
The
Clerk
of
the
Ordnance
Records
all
Orders
and
Instructions
for
the
Government
of
the
Office
,
and
Patents
,
Grants
,
Names
of
Officers
,
&c.
Draw
Estimates
of
Provision
and
supplys
,
Letters
,
Contracts
,
&c.
Make
all
Bills
of
Imprest
and
Debentures
;
Keep
Journals
and
Liegers
of
Receipts
,
and
Returns
of
Stores
.
The
Store-keeper
takes
into
his
charge
the
Munitions
and
Stores
,
and
is
to
look
that
the
Store-houses
be
kept
in
due
Repair
.
The
Clerk
of
the
Deliveries
is
to
draw
all
Proportions
for
Deliveries
of
any
Stores
or
Provisions
,
and
to
be
present
at
the
Delivery
.
There
are
other
Patent
Officers
,
as
the
Master-Gunner
of
England
,
the
Keeper
of
the
small
Guns
,
a
principal
Engineer
,
with
divers
inferior
Attendants
and
Artificers
,
which
,
for
brevity
,
we
omit
.
In
the
Tower
is
also
the
Office
of
Warden
of
the
Mint
,
where
is
Coined
all
the
Bullion
that
is
minted
in
England
.
The
chief
Officer
is
the
Warder
of
the
Mint
,
who
receives
all
the
Silver
and
Gold
brought
in
by
Merchants
,
Goldsmiths
,
or
others
,
and
pays
them
for
it
.
Then
the
Master-Worker
,
who
causes
the
Bullion
to
be
melted
,
delivers
it
to
the
Moneyers
,
and
when
minted
,
receives
it
again
from
them
.
The
Comptroller
,
who
is
to
see
that
all
the
Money
be
made
according
to
the
just
Assize
,
&c.
The
Assay-Master
weighs
the
Bullion
,
and
is
to
see
that
it
be
according
to
the
Standard
.
The
Auditor
passes
all
Accompts
.
The
Surveyor
of
the
Melting
is
to
see
the
Bullion
cast
out
,
and
not
to
be
altered
after
it
is
delivered
to
the
Melter
.
There
are
several
other
inferior
Officers
,
&c.
As
for
the
Money
,
&c.
See
the
Present
State
of
England
,
p.
10.
The
first
Gold
that
was
Coined
in
the
Tower
,
was
in
the
Reign
of
Edward
III.
and
the
Pieces
were
called
Florences
,
of
the
value
of
6
s.
8
d.
All
great
Sums
before
were
used
to
be
paid
by
the
Weight
,
as
so
many
Pounds
or
Marks
of
Silver
or
Gold
,
but
not
stampt
.
Lesser
Payments
in
Starlings
(
probably
because
there
was
a
Star
stamped
upon
them
)
and
were
called
Pence
:
nor
can
we
read
of
them
before
the
Reign
of
Henry
II.
In
this
Tower
only
is
the
Brake
or
Rack
,
usually
called
,
The
Duke
of
Exeter
'
s
Daughter
,
because
he
was
the
first
Inventer
of
it
.
So
much
of
the
Tower
of
London
.
Besides
the
Towers
on
the
Bridge
,
which
have
suffered
by
the
Accidents
of
Fire
,
Antiquaries
speak
of
two
Castles
that
were
on
the
West-part
of
London
,
one
the
Castle
of
Monfiquet
,
built
by
a
Baron
of
that
Name
,
that
came
over
with
the
Conqueror
,
but
since
demolished
,
and
the
Black-Fryars
risen
out
of
the
Ruines
of
it
.
The
second
is
Baynard's
Castle
by
Paul's
Wharf
,
built
by
one
Baynard
,
who
came
hither
likewise
with
the
Conqueror
,
who
being
Ennobled
,
the
Honour
succeeded
from
Father
to
Son
a
long
time
,
till
it
came
to
Robert
Fitz-water
,
a
brave
and
valiant
Knight
,
who
falling
into
the
displeasure
of
King
John
,
was
banished
,
and
the
Castle
ruined
;
but
recovering
his
favor
by
a
notable
Combat
he
perform'd
in
France
against
an
English
Knight
,
(
Fitz-water
being
on
the
French
side
)
he
was
re-invested
in
his
Possessions
,
and
so
repaired
the
Castle
again
.
He
was
made
chief
Bannerer
(
or
Banner-bearer
)
of
London
;
what
his
Office
was
,
and
the
Solemnity
about
it
,
is
to
be
seen
in
Stowes
Survey
of
London
,
in
the
Chapter
of
Towers
and
Castles
.
When
thi●
Honour
fell
from
the
Fitz-Waters
,
or
Baynard
Castle
,
is
uncertain
.
Henry
VII
.
repaired
this
Castle
and
Queen
Mary
was
proclaimed
there
.
We
rea●
of
a
Tower
that
stood
where
Bridewell
now
stands
and
a
Royal
Palace
where
our
Kings
kept
the●
Courts
,
and
summon'd
Parliaments
.
A
great
par●
of
this
on
the
West-side
was
given
to
the
Bishop
〈◊〉
Salisbury
,
and
thence
is
derived
the
Name
of
Salisbury-Court
.
The
Eastern-part
was
waste
,
till
Hen.
〈◊〉
built
a
stately
Palace
there
,
and
call'd
it
Bridewel●
where
the
Emperor
Charles
V.
was
most
magnificently
entertained
Anno
1522.
There
was
a
Tower
call'd
the
Royal
Tower
i●
the
Parish
of
St.
Michael
de
Pater
Noster
,
wher●
King
Stephen
kept
his
Court
,
afterwards
call'd
,
Th●
Queens
Wardrobe
.
There
was
another
at
Buckler●bury
,
called
,
Serns
Tower
,
where
King
Edward
II
kept
his
Court
,
and
his
Exchange
of
Money
.
Barbican
was
likewise
another
Tower
,
where
th●
City
Centinels
were
wont
to
Watch
,
but
demolishe●
by
King
Henry
III.
Anno
1227.
after
he
was
r●●conciled
to
the
Barons
.
Sect.
2.
Of
its
Churches
and
Monuments
.
THE
Number
of
Parish-Churches
,
besides
Chapels
,
within
the
Weekly
Bills
of
Mortality
,
is
132
,
(
twice
more
than
any
City
in
Christendom
can
shew
;
)
The
Cathedral
of
which
,
is
dedicated
to
the
Apostle
St.
PAVL
,
and
the
onely
Cathedral
of
that
Name
in
Europe
.
It
was
founded
by
Aethelbert
King
of
Kent
,
Anno
610.
(
under
whom
Segbert
a
Saxon
Reigned
in
this
Tract
of
Ground
)
in
a
place
where
stood
a
Temple
of
Diana
,
and
afterwards
did
endow
it
with
Lands
and
Privileges
;
so
did
afterwards
Athelstan
,
Edgar
and
Eward
the
Confessor
.
It
was
much
enlarged
by
Erkenwald
,
the
Fourth
Saxon
Bishop
thereof
:
And
being
almost
destroyed
by
Fire
Anno
1078.
Mauritius
,
another
of
its
Bishops
,
began
the
Foundation
of
this
magnificent
Pile
,
and
went
on
about
20
years
,
but
the
Quire
and
Tower
were
not
finished
till
Anno
1221.
As
to
other
Casualties
,
we
refer
you
to
the
Chapter
that
treats
of
Fires
.
As
to
its
Dimensions
,
the
length
of
it
,
according
to
Stow
,
was
240
Taylors
Yards
,
or
720
Foot
;
the
Breadth
,
130
Foot
;
the
Heighth
of
the
Steeple
,
520
Foot
;
whereof
the
Stone
Work
was
260
,
and
the
Spire
260
Foot
.
The
Length
of
it
,
according
to
others
,
was
690
Foot
,
that
is
,
20
Foot
more
than
St.
Peters
at
Rome
.
It
stood
upon
so
much
Ground
,
as
contained
above
three
Acres
and
an
half
.
Upon
the
Spire
of
Timber
was
a
Bowl
of
Copper
Gilt
9
Foot
and
1
Inch
in
compass
,
whereon
stood
the
Cross
15
Foot
and
an
half
high
,
and
very
near
6
Foot
across
,
made
of
Oak
,
covered
with
Lead
,
and
another
Cover
of
Copper
over
the
Lead
.
Above
all
,
stood
the
Eagle
,
or
Cock
of
Copper
Gilt
4
Foot
long
,
and
the
Breadth
of
the
Wings
3
Foot
and
an
half
.
It
was
built
in
Form
of
a
Cross
,
and
in
the
midst
of
the
Cross
,
upon
mighty
high
Arches
,
was
the
Tower
built
.
It
was
a
very
magnificent
Structure
for
Beauty
,
Dimensions
and
Proportion
,
as
William
of
Malmsbury
says
,
adding
,
That
it
ought
to
be
numbred
among
the
Number
of
the
most
excellent
Edifices
,
the
large
Arched
Vault
,
and
the
Church
above
it
,
being
of
such
a
capacity
,
that
(
saith
he
)
it
may
seem
sufficient
enough
to
receive
any
Number
of
People
.
The
Caemitery
,
or
Church-yard
,
was
of
a
very
great
Dimension
,
for
it
reached
North
,
as
far
as
St.
Nicholas
Market-place
;
West
,
almost
as
far
as
Lud-gate
;
South
,
near
to
Baynards
Castle
.
I
my self
this
last
year
,
viz.
January
1680.
saw
in
the
place
where
the
New
Conduit
is
a
building
,
where
they
digged
to
lay
the
Foundation
,
several
Coffins
and
Bones
,
so
that
it
extended
farther
by
far
on
that
side
,
and
probably
on
all
sides
,
than
it
does
now
.
As
to
its
Benefactors
,
and
its
being
consumed
by
the
dreadful
Conflagration
in
1666.
more
shall
be
spoken
under
their
proper
Heads
.
As
to
its
Situation
,
it
was
built
on
the
highest
part
of
the
City
,
and
so
more
conspicuous
,
perhaps
,
than
any
Cathedral
in
the
World
.
His
present
Majesty
in
the
year
1673.
having
with
great
cost
pulled
down
the
Burnt
Walls
,
removed
the
Rubbish
,
and
cleared
the
Foundation
,
has
laid
another
Foundation
,
which
is
considerably
advanced
;
and
for
Magnificence
,
Splendor
,
Solidity
,
Figure
,
and
Curious
Architecture
,
will
,
probably
,
excel
any
to
be
seen
elsewhere
.
Besides
this
stately
Cathedral
,
there
were
destroyed
in
the
dreadful
Fire
of
1666
,
Eighty
seven
Parish
Churches
,
and
six
Consecrated
Chapels
,
a
great
many
of
which
are
since
Re-built
(
far
more
stately
and
,
magnificent
than
ever
they
were
before
)
of
solid
Stone
,
with
very
curious
Workmanship
,
beautified
with
excellent
various
Towers
▪
and
Fronts
of
true
Roman
Architecture
.
Of
the
Churches
in
City
and
Suburbs
we
will
give
a
brief
Account
,
beginning
with
Westminster
Abby
,
and
so
on
with
the
rest
Alphabetically
.
Westminster
Abby
was
founded
by
Sebert
King
of
the
East
Saxons
,
out
of
the
Ruines
of
a
Temple
of
Apollo
which
stood
there
,
and
fell
by
an
Earthquake
in
the
time
of
the
Roman
Emperor
Antoninus
Pius
,
about
the
year
of
our
Lord
605
,
and
had
its
Name
from
its
Situation
,
as
being
West
from
London
,
and
its
Minster
.
It
was
dedicated
to
St.
Peter
,
and
destroyed
in
the
furious
Wars
of
the
Danes
,
but
Reedified
by
Bishop
Dunstan
,
by
the
favor
of
King
Edgar
,
who
gave
it
some
few
Monks
.
Afterwards
King
Edward
(
called
the
Confessor
)
built
it
anew
,
and
richly
endowed
it
;
but
about
160
years
after
,
King
Henry
III.
Rebuilt
it
from
the
Ground
,
with
that
rare
Architecture
now
seen
.
It
was
the
work
of
50
years
complete
.
The
King
himself
laid
the
first
Stone
,
and
covered
the
Roof
with
Lead
in
the
year
1220.
The
Abbots
much
inlarged
it
afterwards
to
the
Westward
.
And
King
Henry
VII
.
Anno
1502.
bestowed
14000
Pounds
in
Building
that
admirable
Chapel
(
which
Leland
calls
the
Wonder
of
the
World
;
)
for
if
we
respect
the
admirable
and
artificial
Work
without
and
within
,
Beauty
,
and
Elegancy
,
it
can
scarce
be
parallel'd
in
the
World
:
And
it
is
the
judgment
of
the
most
Exquisite
Architects
,
that
it
comprehends
whatsoever
is
rare
and
delicate
in
that
Noble
Art
.
Here
is
to
be
seen
his
own
Tomb
and
Monument
made
of
solid
and
massie
Brass
.
The
Form
of
the
old
Building
,
as
an
old
Manuscript
shews
,
was
,
That
the
principal
Plot
or
Ground-work
of
the
Building
,
is
supported
with
most
lofty
Arches
,
cast
round
with
a
Four-square
Work
and
semblable
Joints
.
But
the
Compass
of
the
whole
,
with
a
double
Arch
of
Stone
on
both
sides
,
is
enclosed
with
Joined
Work
firmly
knit
and
united
together
every
way
.
The
Cross
of
the
Church
,
which
was
to
compass
the
Mid-quire
of
those
that
chaunted
unto
the
Lord
,
and
with
a
twofold
supportance
that
it
had
on
either
side
to
uphold
and
bear
the
lofty
top
of
the
Tower
in
the
midst
,
simply
ariseth
at
first
with
a
low
and
strong
Arch
;
then
mounteth
it
higher
,
with
many
winding
stairs
,
artificially
ascending
with
a
number
of
steps
;
but
afterwards
,
with
a
single
wall
,
it
reacheth
up
to
the
Roof
of
Timber
,
well
and
surely
covered
with
Lead
.
But
the
new
Work
of
King
Henry
III.
far
excels
that
for
rare
Workmanship
,
being
supported
with
several
Rows
of
Marble
Pillars
in
very
curious
Order
,
and
the
Roof
covered
with
sheets
of
Lead
.
When
the
Monks
were
driven
from
this
Church
,
it
had
(1)
A
Dean
and
Prebendaries
.
(2)
Afterwards
one
Bishop
(
viz.
T.
Thurlby
)
who
having
wasted
the
Church
Patrimony
,
was
removed
.
(3)
Queen
Mary
set
the
Monks
and
their
Abbot
in
possession
:
But
(4)
They
were
by
Queen
Elizabeth
and
the
Parliament
cast
out
,
and
it
was
converted
to
a
Collegiate
Church
,
and
a
Dean
placed
therein
with
12
Prebendaries
,
and
as
many
old
Soldiers
past
Service
.
Petty
Canons
,
and
others
of
the
Quire
,
to
the
number
of
30.
And
ten
Officers
belonging
to
the
Collegiate
Dyet
,
a
Schoolmaster
,
and
an
Usher
.
Forty
Scholars
,
who
are
in
their
due
time
preferred
to
the
Universities
,
they
are
called
the
Queens
(
or
Kings
)
Scholars
.
Twelve
Almsmen
,
with
plentiful
Maintenance
for
all
.
Twelve
poor
Scholars
,
besides
Stewards
,
Receivers
,
Registers
,
Collectors
,
and
other
Officers
;
the
Principal
whereof
is
the
High
Steward
of
Westminster
,
who
is
usually
one
of
the
Prime
Nobility
.
The
Dean
is
intrusted
with
the
Custody
of
the
Regalia
at
the
Coronation
,
honoured
with
a
place
of
necessary
service
at
all
Coronations
,
and
a
Commission
of
Peace
within
the
City
and
Liberties
of
Westminster
.
The
Dean
and
Chapter
invested
with
all
manner
of
Jurisdiction
Ecclesiastical
and
Civil
,
not
only
in
the
City
and
Liberties
of
Westminster
,
but
within
the
Precincts
of
St.
Martins
le
grand
,
within
the
Walls
of
London
,
and
in
some
Towns
of
Essex
,
exempted
in
the
one
from
the
Jurisdiction
of
the
Bishop
of
London
,
and
in
the
other
from
that
of
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
.
There
is
a
fair
publick
Library
free
for
all
Strangers
to
study
both
morning
and
afternoon
always
in
Term-time
.
William
the
Conqueror
,
and
all
our
Kings
and
Queens
since
,
have
been
Crowned
in
this
Church
.
The
Monument
of
King
Henry
VII
.
in
the
New
Chapel
,
was
made
and
finished
in
the
year
1519.
by
one
Peter
a
Florentine
,
for
which
he
received
of
the
Kings
Executors
1000
l.
The
King
,
with
Elizabeth
his
Queen
,
lie
Interr'd
in
it
,
being
(
as
was
said
)
a
Tomb
of
solid
Brass
,
compassed
about
with
these
Verses
,
which
,
for
their
Elegancy
,
and
because
they
describe
him
to
be
so
Renowned
,
we
shall
here
insert
.
Septimus
Henricus
Tumulo
requiescit
in
isto
Qui
Regum
splendor
,
lumen
&
orbis
erat
.
Rex
vigil
,
&
sapiens
,
comis
,
virtutis
amator
Egregius
formae
,
strenuus
atque
potens
.
Qui
p●perit
pacem
Regno
,
qui
bella
peregit
plurima
,
qui
victor
semper
ab
hoste
redit
.
Qui
natus
binis
conjunxit
Regibus
ambas
,
R●gibus
&
Cuncti
foedere
Junctus
erat
.
Qui
sacrum
hoc
struxit
Templum
,
statuitque
sepulchrum
,
Pro
se
,
proque
sua
conjuge
,
prole
,
Domo
.
Lustra
Decem
,
atque
annos
tres
plus
compleverat
annis
.
Nam
tribus
octensis
Regia
Sceptra
tulit
.
Quindecies
Domini
centenus
fluxerat
annus
,
Currebat
nonus
cum
venit
atra
Dies
.
Septima
termensis
lux
tunc
fulgebat
Aprilis
,
Cum
Clausit
summam
tanta
Corona
Diem
.
Nulla
Dedere
prius
tantum
tibi
saecula
Regem
Anglia
,
vix
similem
posteriora
Dabunt
.
This
Church
is
famous
for
the
Monuments
and
Tombs
of
our
Kings
,
Queens
,
Nobility
,
and
other
eminent
Men
,
as
Sebert
the
first
Christian
King
of
the
East●
Saxons
.
Harold
the
Bastard
,
Son
of
Canutus
the
Dane
,
King
of
England
.
King
Edward
the
Confessor
and
his
Queen
Edith
.
Maud
Wife
to
King
Henry
the
First
,
the
Daughter
of
Malcolm
King
of
Scots
.
Henry
the
3.
and
his
Son
.
King
Edward
the
1.
with
Eleanor
his
Wife
,
daughter
to
Ferdinando
the
first
King
of
Castile
and
Leon.
King
Edward
the
3.
and
Philippa
of
Henault
his
Wife
.
King
Henry
the
5.
with
Katherine
his
Wife
,
Daughter
to
King
Charles
the
6.
of
France
.
Anne
Wife
to
King
Richard
3.
Daughter
to
Richard
Nevil
Earl
of
Warwick
.
King
Henry
the
7.
with
his
Wife
Elizabeth
,
Daughter
to
King
Edward
the
4.
and
his
Mother
Margaret
Countess
of
Richmond
.
King
Edward
the
sixth
(
that
most
Religious
and
truly
Vertuous
Prince
,
)
who
lyeth
under
the
Brass
richly
Gilded
Altar
,
most
curiously
wrought
with
Excellent
Workmanship
.
Anne
of
Cleave
,
the
4
th
.
Wife
of
King
Henry
the
Eight
.
Queen
Mary
,
and
the
Renowned
Queen
Elizabeth
;
upon
the
Remove
of
whose
Body
from
Richmond
(
where
She
Dyed
,
)
to
White-Hall
by
Water
,
these
Lines
were
Written
,
which
may
for
their
Elegancy
,
and
in
Remembrance
of
that
most
Illustrious
Protestant
Queen
be
inserted
.
The
Queen
was
brought
by
Water
to
White-Hall
,
At
every
stroake
the
Oars
their
tears
let
fall
.
More
clung
about
the
Barge
;
Fish
under
water
Wept
out
their
Eyes
of
Pearl
,
swam
blindly
after
:
I
think
the
Barge-men
might
with
easier
Thighs
,
Have
row'd
her
thither
in
her
Peoples
Eyes
,
For
howsoe'er
,
thus
much
my
thoughts
have
scann'd
,
Sh
'ad
come
by
Water
,
had
she
come
by
Land
.
Prince
Henry
,
eldest
Son
of
King
James
,
the
First
Monarch
of
Great
Britain
.
King
James
Himself
and
Queen
Ann
his
Wife
;
and
the
first
Male
born
of
King
Charles
the
First
,
dying
an
Infant
.
Of
Dukes
,
and
Earls
,
and
Lords
Degree
.
Edmund
Earl
of
Lancaster
,
second
Son
of
King
Henry
the
Third
,
and
his
Lady
Aveline
de
fortibus
,
Countess
of
Albemarle
.
William
and
Andomar
of
Valente
,
of
the
Family
of
Lusignian
,
Earls
of
Pembrooke
▪
Alphonsus
,
John
,
and
other
Children
of
King
Edward
the
first
.
John
of
Eltham
,
Earl
of
Cornwall
,
Son
to
King
Edward
the
Second
.
Thomas
of
Woodstock
,
Duke
of
Glocester
,
the
youngest
Son
of
Edward
the
Third
,
with
other
of
his
Children
.
Eleanor
,
Daughter
and
Heir
of
Humphry
B●hun
Earl
of
Hereford
,
and
of
Essex
,
Wife
to
Thomas
of
Woodstock
.
The
young
Daughter
of
Edward
the
Fourth
.
And
King
Henry
the
Seventh
.
Henry
,
a
Child
of
two
months
old
,
Son
of
King
Henry
the
Eighth
.
S●phia
,
the
Daughter
of
King
James
,
who
died
as
it
were
,
in
the
first
Day-dawning
of
her
Age.
Philippa
Mohun
▪
Dutchess
of
York
.
Robert
of
Henault
,
in
right
of
his
Wife
,
Lord
Bourchier
,
Ann
the
young
Daughter
and
Heir
of
John
Mowbra●
,
Duke
of
Norfolk
,
promised
in
Marriage
unto
Richard
Duke
of
York
,
younger
Son
to
King
Edward
the
Fourth
.
Sir
Giles
Dawbny
,
Lord
Chamberlain
to
King
Henry
the
Seventh
,
and
his
Wife
,
of
the
House
of
the
Arundels
in
Cornwall
.
John
Viscount
Wells
.
Frances
Brandon
,
Dutchess
of
Suffolk
;
Mary
her
Daughter
.
Margaret
Douglas
,
Countess
of
Lenex
,
Grandmother
to
James
,
King
of
Great
Britain
,
with
Charles
her
Son
.
Winefrid
Bruges
,
Marchioness
of
Winchester
.
Ann
Stanhope
,
Dutchess
of
Somerset
,
and
Jane
her
Daughter
.
Ann
Cecil
,
Countess
of
Oxford
,
Daughter
to
the
Lord
Burleigh
,
Lord
High-Treasurer
of
England
,
with
Mildred
Burghley
her
Mother
.
Elizabeth
Berkly
,
Countess
of
Ormond
.
Frances
Sidney
,
Countess
of
Sussex
.
James
Butler
,
Viscount
Thurles
,
Son
and
Heir
to
the
Earl
of
Ormond
.
Besides
these
,
Humphry
Lord
Bourchier
of
Cornwall
.
Sir
Humphry
Bourchier
,
Son
and
Heir
to
the
Lord
Bourchier
of
Berners
,
both
slain
at
Barnetfield
.
Sir
Nicholas
Carew
,
Baron
Powis
.
Thomas
Lord
Wentworth
.
Thomas
Lord
Wharton
.
John
Lord
Russel
.
Sir
Thomas
Bromley
,
Lord
Chancellor
of
England
.
Douglas
Howard
,
Daughter
and
Heir
General
of
Henry
Viscount
Howard
of
Bindon
,
Wife
to
Sir
Arthur
Gorges
.
Elizabeth
Daughter
and
Heir
of
Edward
Earl
of
Rutland
,
Wife
to
William
Cecil
.
Sir
John
Puckering
,
Lord-Keeper
of
the
Great
Seal
of
England
.
Frances
Howard
,
Countess
of
Hartford
.
Henry
and
George
Cary
,
the
Father
and
Son
,
Barons
of
Hunsdon
,
both
Lords
Chamberlains
to
Queen
Elizabeth
.
The
Heart
of
Ann
Sophia
,
the
Daughter
of
Christopher
Harley
,
Count
Beaumont
,
Ambassador
for
the
King
of
France
in
England
,
bestowed
within
a
small
Gilt
Urn
over
a
Pyramid
.
Sir
Charles
Blunt
,
Earl
of
Devonshire
,
Lord-Lieutenant-General
of
Ireland
.
Geoffrey
Chaucer
,
the
Prince
of
English
Poets
in
his
time
.
Edmund
Spencer
,
an
eminent
Poet.
William
Cambden
,
Clarencieux
King
of
Arms.
Causabon
the
Famous
French
Writer
.
Michael
Drayton
,
&c.
Then
there
is
George
Villiers
Duke
,
Marquiss
and
Earl
of
Buckingham
,
Favourite
to
King
James
,
and
King
Charles
the
First
.
Also
the
Earl
of
Essex
,
and
several
others
Interr'd
there
,
during
His
present
Majesties
Absence
from
His
Government
.
There
is
also
Interr'd
George
Duke
of
Albemarle
,
(
Father
to
his
Grace
the
present
Duke
,
)
whose
Funerals
were
Solemnly
performed
the
Thirtieth
of
April
1670.
The
Dutchess
of
Albemarle
,
was
also
Interr'd
in
King
Henry
the
Sevenths
Chappel
,
the
twenty
eighth
of
February
1669.
in
Westminster
Church
.
There
is
likewise
Interr'd
,
that
Celebrated
Poet
Mr.
Abraham
Cowley
,
under
a
Monument
of
Exquisite
Curiosity
,
at
the
Charges
of
his
Grace
the
Noble
Duke
of
Buckingham
.
Having
done
with
Westminster-Abby
,
we
shall
give
a
Brief
account
of
the
other
Churches
Alphabetically
,
as
they
were
before
the
Fire
:
And
of
such
as
are
Re-built
,
(
which
are
now
far
more
Durable
and
Stately
than
before
)
the
Reader
may
expect
an
Account
hereafter
.
I.
St.
Albans
Church
in
Woodstreet
,
is
of
great
Antiquity
,
being
Dedicated
to
St.
Albans
the
first
Martyr
of
England
.
Another
mark
of
Antiquity
was
to
be
seen
in
the
manner
of
the
turning
the
Arches
in
the
Windows
,
and
heads
of
the
Pillars
.
There
were
also
Roman
Bricks
found
inlay'd
here
and
there
among
the
Stones
of
the
Building
;
it
was
,
Anno
1632.
(
being
wonderfully
decay'd
,
)
pull'd
down
in
order
to
be
Re-built
.
In
it
were
diverse
Monuments
,
which
for
brevity
sake
are
omitted
.
II.
On
the
North
side
of
the
East
end
of
Tower-street
,
is
the
Parish-Church
called
All-hallows
Barkin
,
a
very
fair
Church
,
standing
in
a
large
Church-Yard
;
on
the
North
side
whereof
,
was
built
a
fair
Chappel
by
King
Richard
the
first
,
whose
heart
(
't
is
said
)
was
buryed
there
,
under
the
high
Altar
.
This
Chappel
was
Augmented
by
King
Edward
the
first
.
And
a
fraternity
setled
there
by
King
Edward
the
fourth
.
King
Richard
the
third
new
Built
it
,
and
founded
therein
a
Colledge
of
Priests
;
which
was
suppressed
in
the
Year
1548.
in
the
Second
of
Edward
the
sixth
,
and
the
Ground
made
a
Garden-Plat
,
till
the
time
of
Queen
Elizabeth
;
and
then
Built
upon
,
and
made
a
Store-House
for
Merchants
Goods
.
The
Church
was
Beautified
and
Repaired
in
the
Year
1613.
III.
On
the
East-side
of
Bread-street
,
at
the
corner
of
Watling-street
,
is
the
Church
of
All-hallows
Bread-street
,
wherein
were
divers
Monuments
.
This
Church
had
a
fair
Spired-Steeple
of
Stone
,
which
in
the
Year
1559.
September
the
Fifth
,
about
Noon
,
by
a
great
Tempest
of
Lightning
,
and
a
great
Clap
of
Thunder
,
was
struck
about
Nine
or
Ten
Foot
beneath
the
Top
,
out
of
which
fell
a
stone
that
overthrew
a
Man
,
and
slew
a
Dog
;
but
the
Spire
was
taken
down
to
save
the
Charge
of
Repair
.
This
Church
was
Repaired
and
Beautified
at
the
Parish
Charge
Anno
1625.
IV.
Great
All-hallows
in
Thames-street
,
was
a
fair
Church
,
with
a
large
Cloyster
on
the
South
side
,
in
which
were
Sundry
Monuments
,
but
now
Ruinated
.
It
was
Repaired
and
richly
Beautified
at
the
Parish
Charge
,
Anno
1627.
and
1629.
In
the
year
1632.
all
the
Iles
to
the
Chancel
were
raised
a
Foot
and
a
half
,
and
the
Pews
a
Foot
above
that
,
for
conveniency
of
Hearing
,
which
cost
six
hundred
Pound
.
There
was
a
Monument
of
Queen
Elizabeths
,
with
these
Verses
:
If
Royal
Vertues
ever
crown'd
a
Crown
,
If
ever
Mildness
shin'd
in
Majesty
,
If
ever
Honour
,
honour'd
true
Renown
,
If
ever
Courage
dwelt
with
Clemency
,
If
ever
Princess
put
all
Princes
down
For
Temp'rance
,
Prowess
,
Prudence
,
Equity
,
This
,
this
was
,
She
,
that
in
Despight
of
Death
,
Lives
still
Admir'd
,
Ador'd
,
ELIZABETH
.
Many
Daughters
have
done
Vertuously
,
but
thes●
excellest
them
all
.
In
the
Figure
of
a
Book
over
her
,
were
these
words
:
They
that
trust
in
the
Lord
shall
be
as
Mount
Sion
,
which
shall
not
be
removed
.
On
the
one
side
.
Spains
Rod
,
Romes
Ruine
,
Netherlands
Relief
,
Heavens
Jem
,
Earths
Joy
,
Worlds
Wonder
,
Natures
Chief
.
On
the
the
other
side
.
Britains
Blessing
,
Englands
Splendor
,
Religions
Nurse
,
the
Faiths
Defender
.
Under
her
.
I
have
fought
a
good
Fight
,
I
have
finished
my
Course
,
&c.
V.
In
Hony-lane
near
the
Standard
in
Cheap-side
is
the
small
Parish-Church
called
All-hallows
Hony-lane
,
Repaired
at
the
Parish
Charge
,
anno
1625.
At
the
cost
of
above
Fifty
Five
Pound
.
VI.
In
Thames-street
is
the
Parish-Church
of
All-hallows
the
less
,
which
stood
on
Vaults
,
and
said
,
to
be
Built
by
Sir
John
Poultney
,
sometimes
Mayor
of
London
;
the
Steeple
and
Quire
stood
on
an
Arched-gate
,
which
was
(
being
fallen
)
Re-built
by
the
Parish
,
anno
1594.
The
whole
Church
was
Repaired
and
Beautified
at
the
cost
of
the
Parishoners
,
anno
1616.
Here
was
also
a
Monument
of
Queen
Elizabeths
.
VII
.
In
Lumbard-street
,
stood
the
Parish-Church
called
,
All-hallows
Lumbard-street
,
—
begun
to
be
New
Built
anno
1494.
and
finished
1516.
To
which
the
Pewterers
were
good
Benefactors
;
the
Steeple
was
finished
1544.
about
the
36
of
H.
8.
Here
were
also
divers
Monuments
.
It
was
Repaired
and
Beautified
at
the
Parish-charge
,
Anno
1622
,
and
1623
,
and
cost
177
l.
9
s.
VIII
.
The
Parish-Church
of
Alhallows-Stayning
,
or
,
as
commonly
call'd
Stane-Church
,
lies
on
the
South-side
of
Langborn-Ward
,
somewhat
within
Mart-lane
,
in
which
were
divers
fair
Monuments
,
as
of
John
Costin
a
Cirdler
,
who
dyed
1244.
and
gave
the
Poor
of
the
Parish
an
Hundred
Quarters
of
Charcoals
yearly
for
ever
.
John
Mann
,
Citizen
and
Mercer
,
who
gave
an
Hundred
Pounds
towards
the
Repair
of
the
Church
,
and
dyed
in
the
year
1615.
It
was
Repaired
and
Beautified
at
the
Parish-charge
,
Anno
1630.
IX
.
The
Parish-Church
of
Alhallows
the
Wall
,
so
called
,
because
it
stands
close
to
the
Wall
of
the
City
in
Bread-street-Ward
.
It
was
Repaired
and
Beautified
at
the
Charge
of
the
Parishioners
,
Anno
1613.
Again
most
curiously
Repaired
and
Beautified
,
Anno
1627.
at
220
l.
Cost
.
Queen
ELIZABETHS
Monument
.
Read
but
her
Reign
,
the
Princess
might
have
been
For
Wisdom
call'd
Nicaulis
,
Sheba's
Queen
Against
Spain's
Holofernes
,
Judith
she
Dauntless
gain'd
many
a
glorious
Victory
:
Not
Deborah
did
her
in
Fame
excel
,
She
was
a
Mother
to
our
Israel
.
An
Hester
,
who
her
Person
did
ingage
To
save
her
People
from
the
Publick
.
Rage
;
Chaste
Patroness
of
True
Religion
,
In
Court
a
Saint
,
in
Field
an
Amazon
;
Glorious
in
Life
,
Deplored
in
her
Death
,
Such
was
Vnparallel'd
ELIZABETH
.
Born
,
Anno
1534.
Crowned
,
An.
1558.
Jan.
15.
Reigned
years
44.
mon.
4.
days
17.
Dyed
An.
1602.
Mar.
24.
X.
The
Parish-Church
of
St.
Alphage
.
The
principal
Isle
of
this
Church
,
towards
the
North
,
was
pulled
down
,
and
a
Frame
of
Four
Houses
set
up
in
the
place
.
The
other
part
,
from
the
Steeple
upward
,
was
converted
into
a
Parish-Church
of
St.
Alphage
:
And
the
Parish-Church
which
stood
near
unto
the
Wall
of
the
City
by
Cripplegate
,
was
pulled
down
;
the
Plat
thereof
made
a
Carpenters
Yard
with
Saw-Pits
.
This
being
decay'd
,
the
Parishioners
Repaired
it
,
Anno
1624.
and
being
Beautifully
finished
,
Anno
1628.
it
cost
the
Parish
500
l.
XI
.
St.
Andrew
Hubbard
,
or
St.
Andrew
in
East-Cheap
,
is
situate
in
Love-Lane
in
Billingsgate-Ward
,
which
was
Repaired
and
Beautifully
adorned
at
the
Cost
of
the
Parish
,
Anno
1630.
amounting
to
above
600
l.
XII
.
St.
Andrew
Vndershaft
,
stands
at
the
North-West-Corner
of
Aldgate-Ward
,
a
Fair
and
Beautiful
Parish-Church
;
so
called
,
because
every
May-Day
in
the
morning
,
they
were
wont
(
in
old
times
)
to
set
up
a
high
Shaft
or
May-pole
in
the
Street
before
the
South-door
,
which
,
when
fixt
,
was
higher
than
the
Steeple
.
But
this
practice
was
discontinued
since
Evil
May-Day
,
when
there
was
an
Insurrection
of
Apprentices
,
and
other
Young
Persons
,
against
Foreigners
,
Anno
1517.
The
said
Shaft
being
laid
along
under
the
Pent-houses
of
a
Row
of
Houses
upon
Iron
Hooks
,
till
the
3d
of
Edw.
6.
the
People
Saw'd
it
in
pieces
,
after
it
had
lay'n
32
years
,
every
man
taking
the
length
of
his
House
:
Which
was
occasioned
by
the
Preaching
of
one
Stevin
,
who
at
Pauls
Cross
said
,
It
was
an
Idol
,
as
giving
Name
to
the
Church
.
It
was
New
Built
by
the
Parish
,
Anno
1520.
to
which
Stephen
Jennings
,
Merchant-Taylor
,
sometimes
Lord
Mayor
,
was
a
great
Benefactor
;
as
also
John
Kerby
,
Merchant-Taylor
,
sometimes
one
of
the
Sheriffs
;
John
Garland
,
Merchant-Taylor
,
and
his
Executor
,
Nicholas
Levison
,
and
several
others
,
and
fully
finished
,
Ann
1532.
It
was
afterwards
Repaired
and
Beautified
at
the
Parish-charge
,
Anno
1627.
They
had
at
the
lower
end
of
the
North
Isle
,
a
fair
Wainscot-Press
full
of
good
Books
,
the
Works
of
many
Learned
Divines
,
where
at
convenient
times
any
that
would
,
may
read
.
XIII
.
The
Church
of
St.
Andrew
Wardrobe
,
was
a
proper
Church
in
Baynard-Castle-Ward
,
but
few
Monuments
in
it
.
John
Parut
founded
a
Chauntry
there
,
it
was
Repaired
at
the
Charge
of
the
Parish
,
Anno
1627.
XIV
.
On
the
North
of
Pope-Lane
,
so
called
of
one
Pope
that
owned
it
,
is
the
Parish-Church
of
St.
Ann
in
the
Willows
,
(
or
St.
Ann
Aldersgate
)
so
called
(
as
some
think
)
of
Willows
growing
formerly
thereabouts
.
It
was
Burnt
in
part
1548.
but
since
Repaired
.
It
was
afterwards
much
decay'd
,
but
beautifully
repaired
,
Anno
1624.
XV.
St.
Ann
Black-friers
,
it
seems
,
was
built
in
the
Reign
of
Edw.
III.
It
was
new
built
in
the
year
1430.
8
H.
6.
Sir
William
Eastfield
Mayor
,
William
Russe
and
Ralph
Holland
Esqs.
Sheriffs
;
and
the
Commonalty
granted
of
the
Common
Ground
of
the
City
,
Three
Foot
and
an
half
in
Breadth
on
the
North
part
,
and
Four
Foot
in
Breadth
toward
the
East
,
for
the
enlarging
thereof
.
This
Ancient
Church
belonging
to
the
Black-friers
,
before
the
dissolution
of
such
places
by
H.
8.
was
one
of
the
most
spacious
and
fair
Churches
in
London
,
but
afterwards
demolished
Anno
1613.
The
Inhabitants
of
Black-friers
purchased
so
much
Houses
on
the
South-side
of
their
Church
,
as
was
36
Foot
in
Length
,
and
54
in
Breadth
;
the
Purchase
whereof
,
together
with
the
Vault
for
Burying
,
and
other
Rooms
under
that
part
of
the
Church
,
&c.
cost
1546
l.
6
s.
Anno
1632.
The
Inhabitants
of
the
said
Black-friers
,
purchased
the
Rooms
directly
under
an
upper
Room
,
formerly
converted
to
a
Church
,
to
repair
the
Walls
and
Foundations
whereon
the
Church
stood
at
the
cost
(
together
with
the
Repairs
)
of
500
l.
The
Sum
of
all
bestowed
upon
Black-friers
Church
,
since
the
Reformation
,
amounted
to
2600
l.
4
s.
till
the
year
1633.
It
was
burnt
down
,
Anno
1666.
in
the
great
Fire
,
and
not
yet
Re-built
.
XVI
.
St.
Anthonie●
Church
(
vulgarly
called
St.
Antlins
,
or
St.
Antholins
)
in
Budge-Row
in
Cord-wainer-street
Ward
,
was
a
fair
Parish-Church
;
Sir
Thomas
Knowles
,
late
Lord
Mayor
of
London
,
lieth
Buried
there
,
who
Repaired
,
and
was
a
great
Benefactor
to
it
.
It
was
Repaired
and
Beautified
,
Anno
1616.
towards
which
,
Sir
William
Craven
,
Mr.
Henry
Jay
Aldermen
,
Mr.
Adrian
Moore
,
Mr.
Thomas
Boothby
,
Mr.
Francis
Dorrington
,
Mr.
William
Parker
,
Mr.
Cleophas
Smith
,
Citizen
and
Draper
of
London
,
were
free
and
bountiful
Benefactors
;
the
cost
amounted
to
near
1000
l.
XVII
.
The
Parish-Church
of
Augustine
(
vulgarly
Austin
)
in
Watling-street
in
Faringdon-Ward-within
,
was
a
fair
Church
,
and
well
Repaired
.
And
was
in
the
years
1630
,
and
1631
,
in
part
Re-built
,
and
Beautifully
adorned
at
the
charge
of
the
Parishioners
,
which
cost
1200
l.
XVIII
.
The
Parish-Church
of
St.
Bartholomew
Exchange
,
at
the
end
of
Bartholomew-lane
,
was
new
Built
by
Thomas
Pike
Alderman
,
with
the
assistance
of
Nicholas
Yoo
,
one
of
the
Sheriffs
of
London
,
about
the
year
1438.
Sir
John
Lepington's
Lady
founded
a
Chauntry
there
,
in
the
21
of
Edw.
4.
Sir
William
Capel
Mayor
,
added
a
proper
Chapel
,
Anno
1509.
on
the
South-side
.
James
Wilford
Taylor
,
one
of
the
Sheriffs
,
1499.
appointed
by
his
Testament
,
a
Doctor
of
Divinity
,
every
Good-Friday
to
preach
a
Sermon
there
of
Christ's
Passion
,
for
ever
,
from
six
a
clock
,
till
8
before
Noon
.
This
Church
was
Repaired
and
Beautified
at
the
charge
of
the
Parishioners
,
Anno
1620.
XIX
.
The
Parish-Church
of
St.
Bennet
,
which
,
of
Robert
Fink
senior
who
new
Built
it
,
is
called
St.
Bennet
Finck
,
stands
in
Thread-needle-street
in
Broad-street-Ward
,
which
was
a
proper
Church
.
It
was
Repaired
and
Beautifully
adorn'd
at
the
Parish-charge
,
Anno
1633.
at
the
cost
of
above
400
l.
XX.
In
the
Street
formerly
called
Grass-street
,
(
but
vulgarly
Graces
,
or
Gracious-street
)
is
the
Parish-Church
called
St.
Bennet
Grass-Church
,
of
the
Herb-Market
kept
near
it
,
but
vulgarly
Grace-Church
in
Bridge-Ward-within
.
This
Church
was
Repaired
and
Beautified
,
Anno
1630.
with
a
new
Clock-Dyal
,
and
Chimes
added
,
Anno
1633.
XXI
.
St.
Bennet
Pauls-Wharf
in
Thames-street
in
Castle-Baynard-Ward
,
was
a
proper
Parish-Church
,
with
several
Monuments
in
it
.
XXII
.
The
Parish-Church
of
St.
Syth
,
hath
an
addition
of
Bennet-Shorne
,
(
or
Shrog
,
or
Shorehog
)
and
is
vulgarly
called
,
St.
Bennet
Sherehog
.
The
ancientest
name
of
these
is
Shorne
,
of
one
Benedict
Shorne
,
sometime
a
Citizen
and
Stock-fishmonger
of
London
,
who
New
Built
,
Repaired
it
,
or
was
a
Benefactor
thereof
in
the
time
of
Edward
II.
so
that
Shorne
is
corruptly
called
Shrog
,
and
more
corruptly
Shorebog
.
Being
very
much
decayed
,
it
was
at
the
Parish-charge
very
amply
Repaired
and
Beautified
,
Anno
1628.
It
is
near
Needles-lane
in
Cheap-Ward
.
XXIII
.
The
Parish-Church
of
St.
Botolph
in
Thames-street
in
Billingsgate-Ward
,
was
a
handsom
Church
,
and
had
many
fair
Monuments
in
it
,
but
now
defaced
.
This
Church
was
Repaired
and
Beautifully
adorn'd
at
the
Parish-charge
,
Anno
1624.
XXIV
.
Christ-Church
was
founded
by
King
Henry
VIII
.
who
gave
the
old
Parish-Church
of
St.
Nicholas
,
to
the
Mayor
and
Commonalty
of
London
,
towards
the
maintenance
of
this
New
Church
to
be
erected
in
the
late
dissolved
Church
of
the
Grey-fryers
called
St.
Ewin
,
which
Parish-Church
,
with
the
aforesaid
Parish-Church
of
St.
Nicholas
,
and
so
much
of
St.
Sepulchres
Parish
as
is
within
Newgate
,
were
then
made
one
Parish-Church
by
the
name
of
Christ-Church
.
Of
the
Hospital
there
,
we
shall
speak
under
its
proper
head
.
There
was
a
fair
and
spacious
Gallery
erected
in
the
North
Isle
of
this
Church
,
Anno
1628.
which
cost
the
Parishioners
149
l.
10
s.
which
was
not
only
necessary
,
but
graceful
and
beautiful
.
It
is
in
Faringdon-Ward-within
.
XXV
.
In
Broad-street-Ward
near
the
Stocks-Market
,
is
the
Parish-Church
of
St.
Christopher
:
To
which
Richard
Sherington
,
Anno
1392.
gave
Lands
;
so
did
the
Lady
Margaret
Norford
,
Anno
1406.
John
Clavering
,
1421
,
&c.
But
,
above
all
,
the
charity
of
Robert
Thorne
Merchant-Taylor
,
and
a
Batchelor
,
is
to
be
perpetuated
,
who
lay
Interred
there
in
a
fair
Tomb
of
Touch
,
and
gave
,
by
his
Will
,
4445
l.
to
pious
Uses
.
This
Church
was
Repaired
and
Beautified
at
the
cost
of
the
Parish
,
Anno
1621.
XXVI
.
St.
Clements
East-Cheap
in
Candlewick-street-Ward
,
is
a
small
Parish-Church
.
William
Chartney
and
William
Overie
founded
a
Chauntry
there
.
It
was
Repaired
and
Beautified
at
the
cost
of
the
Parishioners
,
Anno
1632.
XXVII
.
At
the
South-west
corner
of
Lime-street
in
Langborn-Ward
,
stood
the
fair
Parish-Church
of
St.
Dionis
,
called
Back-Church
,
new
Built
in
the
Reign
of
Henry
VI.
to
which
John
Bugge
Esq
was
a
great
Benefactor
.
John
Darby
Alderman
,
added
thereto
a
fair
Isle
or
Chapel
on
the
South-side
,
and
was
there
Buried
,
Anno
1466.
He
gave
(
besides
sundry
Ornaments
)
his
Dwelling-house
,
besides
other
Houses
,
unto
the
said
Church
.
The
middle
Isle
of
this
Church
was
new
laid
in
the
year
of
our
Lord
,
1629.
The
Steeple
was
repaired
,
a
new
Turret
built
,
new
Frames
were
made
for
the
Bells
,
and
the
Church
very
decently
beautified
,
Anno
1632.
XXVIII
.
The
Parish-Church
of
St.
Dunstans
East
,
is
so
called
,
for
difference
from
another
Church
in
the
West
of
that
Name
.
It
was
a
fair
and
large
Church
,
of
an
ancient
Building
,
and
within
a
large
Church-yard
:
There
be
many
rich
Merchants
,
and
other
rich
Tradesmen
in
that
Parish
,
chiefly
Salters
and
Ironmongers
.
In
this
are
divers
Monuments
of
worthy
persons
.
There
are
also
Seven
shillings
three
pence
given
to
the
Poor
every
Sunday
throughout
the
year
in
ready
money
,
besides
Bread
,
and
other
Gifts
,
according
to
the
Wills
and
Dispositions
of
Sir
Richard
Champion
,
and
Alderman
Heardson
,
with
Coals
given
besides
at
certain
times
.
One
man
hath
given
yearly
on
Ox
,
to
be
distributed
by
a
quarter
thereof
quarterly
,
and
a
Peck
of
Oat-meal
therewithall
,
to
the
Poor
:
But
so
ordered
,
that
they
that
have
the
quarter
of
Beef
and
Peck
of
Oatmeal
at
one
quarter
,
must
stay
till
other
Poor
be
so
served
,
and
that
it
comes
to
their
turn
again
.
There
are
other
Charities
which
came
in
Gifts
of
ready
money
,
and
are
accordingly
truly
distributed
.
This
Church
being
decayed
,
began
to
be
Repaired
in
the
year
of
our
Lord
1631.
and
was
fully
Repaired
,
and
curiously
adorn'd
,
Anno
1633.
the
charge
of
it
amounting
to
above
2400
l.
to
make
up
which
,
many
worthy
Parishioners
did
very
bountifully
contribute
.
XXIX
.
The
Parish-Church
of
St.
Edmond
King
and
Martyr
,
commonly
called
St.
Edmond
Lombard-street
by
the
South-corner
of
Birchover-lane
,
is
also
called
St.
Edmond
Grass-Church
,
because
the
Grass
(
or
Herb
)
Market
came
down
so
low
.
In
this
Church
were
divers
Monuments
,
and
several
pious
Benefactors
contributed
to
the
Relief
of
the
Poor
;
of
which
more
in
its
proper
place
,
under
the
Head
of
Benefactors
.
This
Church
was
Repaired
and
Beautified
very
richly
,
at
the
charge
of
the
Parishioners
,
Anno
1631
,
and
1632.
It
cost
248
l.
XXX
.
The
Parish-Church
of
St.
Ethelburgh
stands
near
Little
St.
Helens
in
Bishopsgate-Ward
.
It
was
Repaired
and
Beautified
at
the
charge
of
the
Parishioners
,
Anno
1612.
And
Anno
1620
,
the
Steeple
was
Repaired
.
Anno
1630
,
a
Gallery
was
built
in
the
South
Isle
,
at
the
charge
of
Owen
Santpeere
,
an
Inhabitant
of
that
Parish
.
XXXI
.
At
the
West-end
of
Jesus
Chapel
under
the
Quire
of
Pauls
,
was
the
Parish-Church
of
St.
Faith
,
commonly
called
St.
Faith
under
Pauls
,
which
served
for
the
Stationers
,
and
others
dwelling
in
Pauls
Church-yard
,
Pater-Noster-Row
,
and
places
ad●oining
.
The
Chapel
of
Jesus
being
suppressed
in
the
Reign
of
Edward
VI.
The
Parishioners
of
St.
Faith's
Church
were
removed
into
the
same
,
as
being
more
large
and
lightsom
,
Anno
1551.
As
to
the
Repairs
of
this
,
we
will
only
say
(
what
was
anciently
said
of
it
)
that
This
Church
needs
no
Repair
at
all
,
Saint
Faith's
defended
by
Saint
Paul
.
XXXII
.
In
the
midst
of
Fenchurch-street
stands
the
Parish-Church
,
called
St.
Gabriel
Fen-church
,
to
which
Helming
Legget
Esq
by
Licence
of
Edward
III.
in
the
49
year
of
his
Reign
,
gave
one
Tenement
with
a
Curtelage
thereunto
belonging
,
and
a
Garden
with
an
Entry
thereto
leading
,
to
the
Parson
and
his
Successors
,
as
a
Parsonage-house
,
and
the
Garden
to
be
a
Burying-place
for
the
Parish
.
This
Church
was
inlarged
Nine
Foot
,
and
very
richly
Beautified
,
at
the
charge
of
the
Parish
,
Anno
1631
,
and
1632.
which
cost
them
537
l.
7
s.
10
d.
XXXIII
.
The
Parish-Church
of
St.
George
Botolph-lane
in
Billinsgate-Ward
is
small
,
but
had
divers
Monuments
.
It
was
Repaired
and
Beautified
at
the
Parish-charge
,
Anno
1627.
XXXIV
.
Adjoining
to
the
place
where
Lollards
Tower
stood
,
called
the
Bishops
Prison
,
where
they
committed
such
as
gain-said
the
Opinions
of
their
Church
,
is
the
Parish-Church
of
St.
Gregory
,
appointed
to
the
Petty
Canons
of
Pauls
.
This
Church
was
repaired
and
richly
adorned
,
at
the
cost
of
the
Parishioners
,
Anno
1631
,
and
1632.
which
amounted
to
above
2000
l.
XXXV
.
The
Parish-Church
of
St.
Hellens
in
Bishopsgate-Ward
,
was
sometimes
a
Priory
of
Black
Nuns
,
founded
in
the
Reign
of
Henry
III.
which
was
demolished
the
30
of
Henry
VIII
.
The
whole
Church
,
and
the
Partition
betwixt
the
Nuns
Church
and
Parish-Church
being
taken
down
,
remaineth
to
the
Parish
,
and
is
a
fair
Parish-Church
.
This
Church
was
Repaired
and
Beautified
at
the
charge
of
the
Parishioners
,
1631
,
1632
,
1633.
which
amounted
to
above
1300
l.
XXXVI
.
The
Parish-Church
of
St
James
Dukes-Place
in
Aldgate-Ward
,
was
built
in
King
James's
time
,
and
consecrated
Anno
1622.
Sir
Peter
Proby
being
Lord
Mayor
,
John
Hodges
Esq
and
Sir
Humphry
Hanford
Kt.
Sheriffs
and
Aldermen
.
It
was
built
where
the
Priory
(
as
they
called
it
)
of
the
Holy
Trinity
formerly
stood
,
the
Parishioners
obtaining
License
of
King
James
to
build
themselves
a
Parish
Church
,
having
long
been
destitute
;
to
the
building
of
which
,
many
worthy
Persons
were
Benefactors
.
It
is
a
very
beautiful
and
handsome
Church
,
and
at
the
time
of
re-edifying
it
was
called
,
Trinity
Christ
Church
.
XXXVII
.
The
Parish-Church
of
James
Garlick-hithe
,
or
Garlick-hive
,
because
on
the
River
Thames
,
near
this
Church
,
Garlick
was
usually
Sold
in
former
Days
.
This
was
a
handsom
Church
.
It
is
Recorded
that
Richard
Rothing
,
one
of
the
Sheriffs
of
London
,
new
built
it
in
anno
1326
,
and
lyes
Buryed
there
,
&c.
The
North
Ile
was
New
Built
,
and
the
whole
Church
Repaired
at
the
charge
of
the
Parishioners
,
anno
1624.
which
amounted
to
above
seven
hundred
Pound
.
This
is
in
Vintry-Ward
.
XXXVIII
.
The
Parish-Church
of
St.
John
Baptist
,
(
called
St.
John
upon
Wallbrook
,
because
the
West
end
thereof
is
on
the
very
Bank
of
Wallbrook
,
by
Horse-shooe-bridge
in
Horse-shooe-bridge-street
)
was
some
Years
before
the
Fire
new
built
.
For
in
the
Year
1412
,
License
was
granted
by
the
Lord
Mayor
and
Commonalty
,
to
the
Parson
and
Parish
,
to
enlarge
it
with
a
piece
of
Ground
on
the
North
part
of
the
Quire
,
one
and
twenty
Foot
in
length
,
and
seventeen
Foot
in
breadth
,
and
three
Inches
;
and
and
on
the
South
side
of
the
Quire
,
one
Foot
of
the
common
Soyl.
The
most
Memorable
Monument
there
,
was
that
of
Sir
Henry
Fitz-Alwin
,
Draper
,
the
first
Lord
Mayor
of
London
,
(
in
the
Tenth
of
King
John
,
anno
1208.
)
who
continued
by
many
Elections
in
the
Mayoralty
several
Years
.
His
dwelling
House
in
that
Parish
was
divided
into
two
or
three
Houses
,
and
given
to
the
Drapers
,
for
which
they
pay
a
quit-rent
in
his
Name
yearly
for
ever
.
So
that
Mr.
Stow's
avouching
that
he
was
Buried
in
the
Priory
of
the
Holy
Trinity
within
Ald-gate
,
(
now
called
Dukes-place
)
is
a
mistake
.
The
Curious
in
this
matter
may
be
satisfied
in
the
Drapers-Hall
.
This
Church
was
Re-edified
and
Adorned
,
anno
1621.
It
is
in
Wallbrook-Ward
.
XXXIX
.
On
the
East
side
of
Friday-street
,
(
so
called
of
Fishmongers
dwelling
there
that
served
Fridays
Market
,
)
is
the
Parish-Church
commonly
called
St.
John
Evangelist
,
in
Bread-street-Ward
.
It
was
Repaired
and
Beautified
at
the
cost
of
the
Parishioners
,
anno
1626.
And
a
new
Gallery
was
Built
and
Beautified
at
the
proper
charge
of
Thomas
Good-year
,
a
Citizen
and
Draper
of
London
,
that
dwelt
in
the
Parish
.
XL.
At
the
North-West
Corner
of
Maiden-lane
,
in
Alder●gate-Ward
,
is
the
fair
Parish-Church
of
St.
John
Zachary
.
Thomas
Lichfield
founded
a
Chauntry
there
in
the
Fourteenth
year
of
Edward
the
Second
.
Sir
Nicholas
T●yford
,
Goldsmith
,
and
Lord
Mayor
,
with
Dame
Margery
his
Wife
,
lye
Interr'd
there
.
Of
whose
Goods
the
Church
was
made
,
and
new
Built
with
a
Tomb
for
them
and
their
posterity
,
Anno
1390.
Amongst
many
other
Pious
and
Worthy
Persons
and
Benefactors
to
the
publick
,
we
cannot
omit
a
Monument
erected
there
in
Memory
of
Sir
James
Pemberton
Knight
,
who
being
Sheriff
of
this
City
,
at
the
coming
in
of
King
James
,
entertained
near
Forty
Earls
and
Barons
when
the
King
was
proclaimed
.
Anno
1612.
he
was
Elected
Mayor
of
this
Honourable
City
of
London
.
He
Erected
a
Free-School
in
the
Parish
of
Ecleston
in
Lancashire
,
sixteen
years
before
his
Death
,
and
gave
Fifty
Pound
by
the
Year
for
the
maintaining
thereof
for
ever
.
He
gave
also
five
hundred
pound
to
Christs-Hospital
,
and
two
hundred
pound
to
the
Company
of
Goldsmiths
,
besides
many
liberal
Gifts
to
the
Poor
of
his
Kindred
,
and
many
other
most
Charitable
uses
.
He
Died
the
Eighth
of
September
,
1613
,
Aged
Sixty
Eight
Years
.
This
is
the
substance
of
the
Inscription
,
with
these
Verses
:
Marble
,
nor
Touch
,
nor
Alabaster
can
R●veal
the
Worth
of
the
long
buryed
Man
:
For
oft
we
see
Mens
Goods
,
when
they
are
gone
,
Do
Pious
deeds
,
when
they
themselves
did
none
.
M●ne
(
while
I
liv'd
)
no
goodness
did
express
,
'T
is
not
Inscriptions
make
them
more
or
less
:
In
Christ
I
hope
to
rise
amongst
the
Just
,
Man
is
but
Grass
,
all
must
to
Worms
and
dust
.
There
are
many
other
Verses
,
but
our
intended
brevity
will
not
admit
of
Transcribing
them
.
The
Repairs
of
this
Church
from
the
Year
1616
,
to
1631
,
cost
120
l.
11
s.
XLI
.
Next
Northumberland-House
in
Aldgate-Ward
,
is
the
Parish-Church
of
St.
Katherine
Coleman
,
which
addition
of
Coleman
,
was
taken
of
a
great
Haw-Yard
or
Garden
,
of
old
time
called
Coleman-Haw
,
in
Trinity
Parish
now
Christ-Church
,
and
in
the
Parish
of
St.
Katherine
and
All-Saints
called
Coleman-Church
.
Sir
James
Dean
hath
given
two
Shillings
weekly
in
Bread
to
the
Poor
for
ever
,
which
is
duly
performed
every
Friday
;
and
the
Parishionners
give
as
much
every
Sabbath
day
.
This
Church
was
Repaired
and
Beautified
,
Anno
1620.
And
1624.
their
Vestry
was
built
,
and
a
Gallery
new
made
for
the
Poor
of
the
Parish
to
sit
in
.
XLII
.
The
Parish-Church
of
St.
Katharine
Christs-Church
in
Aldgate-Ward
,
commonly
called
Cree-Church
,
stands
in
the
Caemitery
of
the
Dissolved
Priory
of
the
Holy-Trinity
,
and
is
a
very
fair
Church
.
Mr.
William
Gilborn
a
Draper
,
gave
Four
Marks
Yearly
for
ever
,
to
be
bestowed
in
one
Dozen
of
Bread
,
and
to
be
distributed
on
every
Sabbath
day
to
the
Poor
of
the
said
Parish
,
which
is
duly
paid
:
he
gave
twenty
pound
towards
building
a
Gallery
in
the
said
Church
.
Mr.
John
Smith
Mercer
,
gave
three
pound
yearly
for
ever
,
to
be
distributed
amongst
the
Poor
every
Christmas
yearly
.
Mr.
George
Lee
Sadler
,
gave
twenty
Shillings
yearly
for
ever
to
the
Poor
.
Mrs.
Dane
a
Widdow
,
gave
Eight
Shillings
yearly
for
ever
.
Mrs.
Alice
Bateman
,
gave
forty
two
pound
six
shillings
to
the
Parish
,
the
profit
to
be
distributed
to
the
Poor
for
ever
.
Mr.
John
Bedow
Gent.
gave
ten
pound
to
be
distributed
in
Bread
yearly
to
the
Poor
.
Mr.
George
Hothersal
Merchant-Taylor
,
gave
four
and
twenty
shillings
yearly
for
ever
,
out
of
his
Land
,
to
the
Poor
of
this
Parish
.
Mr.
John
Waddis
,
Cook
,
born
in
this
Parish
,
gave
to
the
Poor
thereof
three
pound
to
be
distributed
among
them
in
Bread
yearly
for
ever
.
Stephen
Roberts
,
Cook
,
gave
also
four
and
forty
shillings
yearly
for
ever
,
to
be
distributed
in
Bread
.
These
good
Persons
are
remembred
as
such
whose
Memories
are
worthy
to
be
perpetuated
,
and
to
be
upon
Record
as
an
Example
for
others
to
imitate
.
But
more
under
the
head
of
Benefactors
.
The
Foundation
of
this
Church
was
lay'd
the
twenty
third
of
June
1628.
It
is
said
in
Stow's
Survey
,
pag.
839.
Edit.
1633.
That
digging
under
the
South
Row
of
Pillars
,
they
found
the
Scull
of
a
Man
,
the
thickness
of
which
,
was
three
quarters
of
an
Inch
and
better
,
measured
by
many
,
and
admired
by
all
(
as
well
they
might
)
that
saw
it
.
The
Structure
was
built
of
the
best
Free-stone
that
could
be
got
,
and
finished
anno
1630.
There
were
many
bountiful
Benefactors
and
Contributers
to
it
;
And
a
curious
Table
(
one
of
the
fairest
in
the
City
,
)
set
up
as
a
Monument
of
our
Renowned
Queen
ELIZABETH
,
but
the
giver
would
be
concealed
.
XLIII
.
Southwest
from
Guild-Hall
,
in
Cheap-Ward
,
stands
the
fair
and
large
Church
of
S.
Lawrence-Jewry
,
which
addition
,
(
viz.
Jewry
)
was
,
because
of
old
time
Many
Jews
Inhabited
thereabouts
.
It
had
diverse
Monuments
.
Mr.
Stow
tells
us
,
That
Seventy
years
before
his
first
Edition
of
his
Survey
,
which
was
1598
,
that
is
now
163
years
ago
,
he
saw
the
Shank-bone
of
a
Man
(
as
it
was
taken
,
)
twenty
five
inches
long
by
the
Rule
,
and
remained
before
the
Fire
,
fastned
to
a
post
of
timber
noted
more
for
the
thickness
,
hardness
,
and
strength
thereof
,
then
the
length
,
for
when
it
was
hanged
on
the
Stone
Pillar
,
it
fretted
(
with
moving
)
the
said
Pillar
,
and
was
not
it self
fretted
,
nor
did
it
grow
lighter
by
remaining
dry
;
but
how
found
or
discovered
we
cannot
learn
.
Also
a
Tooth
of
a
very
great
bigness
(
he
says
of
a
mans
Fist
)
hanged
up
for
a
show
in
a
Chain
of
Iron
upon
a
Stone
Pillar
;
but
conveyed
from
thence
long
since
:
the
credit
of
this
rests
upon
him
.
This
Church
was
repaired
and
richly
beautified
at
the
Charge
of
the
Parishioners
,
Anno
1618.
Amongst
other
Monuments
,
we
must
not
omit
that
of
our
celebrated
and
most
Illustrious
Queen
Elizabeth
,
in
this
Church
,
with
these
Verses
,
Here
lyes
her
Type
,
who
was
of
late
The
prop
of
Belgia
,
stay
of
France
.
Spains
foil
,
Faiths
Shield
,
the
Queen
of
State
,
Of
Arms
,
of
Learning
,
Fate
and
Chance
:
In
Brief
,
of
Women
ne'er
was
seen
So
great
a
Prince
,
so
good
a
Queen
.
Such
Vertues
her
Immortal
made
Death
(
envying
all
that
cannot
Dye
,
)
Her
Earthly
parts
did
so
invade
,
As
in
it
Wrackt
self
Majesty
.
But
so
her
Spirit
inspir'd
her
Parts
,
That
she
still
lives
in
Loyal
hearts
,
&c.
XLIV
.
The
Parish
Church
of
St.
Laurence
in
Candlewick
Street
and
Ward
,
was
increased
with
a
Chappel
of
Jesus
by
Thomas
Cole
for
a
Master
and
Chaplain
:
which
Church
and
Chappel
was
made
a
Colledge
of
Jesus
and
of
Corpus
Christi
for
a
Master
and
seven
Chaplains
by
Sr.
John
Poultney
Lord
Mayor
,
(
of
whom
this
Church
was
called
St.
Laurence
Poultney
)
or
Pountney
,
Confirm'd
by
Edward
the
Third
in
the
Twentieth
year
of
his
Reign
.
This
College
was
surrendred
in
the
Reign
of
Edward
the
Sixth
,
the
Steeple
of
the
Church
was
new
Leaded
,
Five
new
Bells
were
hung
,
and
the
Frames
new
made
,
all
the
●les
new
raised
and
levelled
,
and
the
whole
Church
within
and
without
most
beautifully
repaired
at
the
cost
of
the
Parish
,
Anno
1631.
and
1632.
XLV
.
On
Fishstreet-hill
in
Bridge
Ward
within
,
is
the
Parish
Church
of
St.
Leonard
Milk-Church
,
so
termed
of
one
William
Melker
an
especial
Builder
thereof
,
but
commonly
called
St.
Leonard-East-Cheap
,
because
it
standeth
at
East-cheap
corner
:
The
Church
and
Steeple
were
repaired
and
beautified
in
the
Year
,
1618
,
1619
,
1620
,
and
1621.
at
the
cost
of
Eight
hundred
and
fifty
pounds
.
XLVI
.
On
the
West-side
of
Foster-lane
in
Alders-gate
Ward
is
the
Parish
Church
of
St.
Leonards
,
called
St.
Leonards
Foster-lane
;
for
them
of
St.
Martins
le
Grand
:
A
great
number
of
Houses
being
built
in
place
of
the
Great
Collegiate
Church
of
St.
Martin
,
the
Parish
is
very
much
increased
:
It
was
inlarged
,
repaired
,
and
adorn'd
at
the
Parish
charge
,
Anno
1631.
To
which
,
John
Trot
Citizen
and
Merchant
was
a
bountiful
Benefactor
;
the
cost
amounted
to
above
Five
hundred
pounds
.
XLVII
.
On
the
East-side
of
Bridge-Ward
stands
the
fair
Parish
Church
of
St.
Magnus
,
in
which
were
buried
many
Eminent
men
:
it
had
many
repairs
and
charges
in
the
Years
1623
,
1624
,
and
1625.
which
cost
above
Five
hundred
pound
;
in
the
Year
,
1629.
it
was
very
richly
and
beautifully
adorned
,
all
at
the
proper
cost
and
charge
of
the
Parish
.
XLVIII
.
The
fair
Parish
Church
of
St.
Margarets
Lothbury
in
Coleman-Street
Ward
stands
upon
the
Water-Course
of
Walbrooke
,
which
was
Reedified
,
Anno
1440.
Robert
Large
gave
to
the
Quire
of
that
Church
One
hundred
Shillings
,
and
Twenty
pounds
for
Ornaments
:
and
to
the
Vaulting
over
the
Water-course
of
Walbrook
by
the
said
Church
,
for
the
inlarging
thereof
Two
hundred
marks
:
This
Church
was
repaired
and
richly
beautified
at
the
charge
of
the
Parishioners
,
Anno
1621.
XLIX
.
In
Friday
street
in
Breadstreet-Ward
,
is
the
Parish
Church
of
St.
Margaret
Moses
,
so
called
of
one
Moses
that
was
Founder
,
or
Newbuilder
thereof
.
It
was
Repaired
and
Beautified
at
the
cost
of
the
Parishioners
,
Anno
1627
,
L.
In
the
same
Wardon
Fishstreet-hill
stands
the
Parish
Church
of
St.
Margarets
New
Fish-street
,
which
was
a
Proper
Church
,
but
without
any
Monuments
of
Note
.
LI.
St.
Margaret
Pattens
in
Rood-lane
,
Billings-gate
Ward
,
being
much
decayed
,
was
Repaired
and
Beautified
at
the
charge
of
the
Parishioners
,
Anno.
1614.
who
from
that
year
,
to
1632
,
expended
275
l.
five
s.
6
d.
upon
it
.
LII
.
St.
Mary
Abchurch
standeth
near
unto
the
South-end
of
Abchurch-lane
,
in
Candleweek-street-Ward
,
upon
a
rising
ground
,
and
was
a
Fair
Church
with
sundry
Monuments
in
it
:
It
was
Beautified
and
Repaired
at
the
proper
cost
and
charge
of
the
Parishioners
,
in
the
year
of
our
Lord
,
1611.
LIII
.
In
Alderman-bury-street
is
the
Fair
Parish
Church
of
St.
Mary
Alderman-bury
,
with
a
Church-Yard
and
Cloyster
adjoyning
,
in
which
Cloyster
(
as
Mr.
Stow
says
)
was
hanged
and
fastned
a
shank-bone
of
a
man
,
in
length
Twenty
eight
inches
and
a
half
,
of
a
size
larger
by
three
inches
and
a
half
than
that
in
St.
Laurence
Jewry
,
but
not
so
hard
:
this
is
Monstrous
,
for
it
is
more
then
after
the
proportion
of
Five
shank
bones
of
any
Man
now
living
amongst
us
.
The
Church
was
repaired
and
beautified
An.
1633.
at
the
cost
of
the
Parish
.
LIV.
Alder-Mary
Church
on
the
South-side
of
Budg-Row
,
by
the
West
corner
thereof
,
in
Cordwainer-street-Ward
,
is
so
called
because
older
than
any
Church
of
St.
Mary
in
the
City
.
Sir
Henry
Keble
Grocer
and
Lord
Mayor
,
who
deceased
1518
,
gave
a
1000
l.
by
his
Testament
,
towards
the
Rebuilding
it
.
It
was
repaired
and
beautified
by
the
Parish
Anno
1632.
LV.
At
the
upper
end
of
Hosier-lane
toward
West
Cheap
,
is
the
fair
Parish-Church
of
St.
Mary-le-Bow
,
(
vulgarly
Bow-Church
.
)
This
Church
in
the
Reign
of
William
the
Conqueror
,
being
the
first
in
this
City
builded
on
Arches
of
Stone
,
was
therefore
called
New
Mary
Church
,
or
St.
Mary
de
Arcubus
,
or
le
Bow
,
in
West
Cheaping
.
The
Court
of
the
Arches
is
kept
in
this
Church
,
and
taketh
Name
of
the
place
,
not
the
place
of
the
Court
.
'T
is
in
Cordwainer-street-Ward
.
We
read
that
anno
1090.
the
Third
of
William
Rufus
,
by
tempest
of
Wind
the
Roof
of
this
Church
was
overturned
,
wherewith
some
persons
were
slain
,
and
Four
of
the
Rafters
of
twenty
six
Foot
in
length
,
were
pitcht
with
such
violence
in
the
Ground
of
the
high
street
,
that
scarce
four
Foot
of
them
remained
above
Ground
,
which
were
fain
to
be
cut
even
with
the
Ground
,
because
they
could
not
be
plucked
out
,
for
the
City
of
London
was
not
then
paved
,
but
a
Moorish
ground
.
Anno
1271
,
a
great
part
of
the
Church
fell
down
;
and
slew
many
people
,
Men
and
Women
.
John
Rotham
or
Rodham
,
by
his
Will
Anno
1465
,
gave
the
Parish
(
wanting
room
in
their
Church-Yard
)
a
certain
Garden
in
Hosier-lane
,
for
burial
of
their
Dead
,
which
so
continued
near
a
hundred
Years
,
but
now
is
built
up
and
converted
to
a
private
dwelling
.
The
old
Steeple
was
Re-edified
Anno
1469
,
so
that
it
was
ordained
by
a
Common
Councel
,
that
the
Bow-Bell
should
be
nightly
Rung
at
Nine
a
Clock
,
to
maintain
which
,
(
viz.
the
Ringing
of
Bow-Bell
,
)
John
Denne
Mercer
,
by
his
Testament
dated
1472
,
according
to
the
trust
of
Reginald
Langdon
,
gave
to
the
Parson
and
Wardens
two
Tenements
with
the
Appurtenances
,
since
made
into
one
,
in
Hosier-lane
.
This
Church
has
been
Re-built
very
gorgeously
since
the
great
fire
,
and
the
Steeple
finished
with
that
Elegancy
of
rare
Architecture
,
height
,
and
curiosity
,
that
it
excels
any
in
Christendom
;
of
which
more
hereafter
.
LVI
.
On
the
South-side
of
Walbrook-Ward
,
from
Candlewick-street
in
the
mid
way
betwixt
London-stone
and
Wallbrook-corner
is
the
proper
Parish-Church
called
St.
Mary
Bothaw
or
Boathaw
,
because
adjoyning
to
an
Haw
or
Yard
,
wherein
of
old
times
Boats
were
made
and
Landed
from
Dowgate
to
be
mended
.
It
was
repaired
and
beautified
at
the
Charge
of
the
Parish
,
in
the
Year
of
our
Lord
1621.
LVII
.
The
Parish-Church
called
St.
Mary-Cole-Church
in
Cheap-Ward
,
is
so
named
of
one
Cole
that
builded
it
,
upon
a
Vault
above
Ground
,
so
that
Men
were
forced
to
ascend
thereunto
by
certain
steps
.
It
was
repaired
and
beautified
at
the
Parish
charge
,
Anno
Feb.
1623.
LVIII
.
In
St.
Mary-Hill-lane
is
the
fair
Parish-Church
of
St.
Mary
on
the
Hill
,
because
of
the
ascent
from
Billingsgate
.
In
the
Year
1322
,
Rich●rd
Hackney
,
one
of
the
Sheriffs
of
●●ondon
was
buryed
there
,
Stow.
p.
227.
and
Alice
his
Wife
,
as
Robert
Fabian
writeth
,
saying
thus
:
In
the
Year
1379
,
in
the
Month
of
April
,
as
Labourers
digged
for
the
Foundation
of
a
Vault
,
within
the
Church
of
St.
Mary-Hill
,
near
unto
Billingsgate
,
they
found
a
Coffin
of
Rotten
Timber
,
and
therein
the
Corps
of
a
Woman
,
whole
of
skin
,
and
of
bones
undissevered
,
and
the
joints
of
her
Arms
pliable
,
without
breaking
of
the
skin
,
upon
whose
Sepulchre
this
was
ingraven
:
Here
lies
the
Bodies
of
Richard
Hackney
Fishmonger
,
and
Alice
his
Wife
;
the
which
Richard
was
Sheriff
in
the
15
th
of
Edward
II.
(
viz.
anno
1322.
)
So
that
her
Body
was
,
175
years
after
she
had
been
buried
,
found
uncorrupted
:
It
was
kept
above
ground
three
or
four
days
without
Noyance
,
but
then
it
waxed
unsavoury
,
and
was
again
buried
.
This
Church
was
repaired
and
beautified
at
the
charge
of
the
Parish
,
Anno
1616.
LIX
.
In
Milk-Street
in
Cripple-Gate-Ward
,
stands
the
Parish-Church
of
St.
Mary
Magdalen
,
in
which
were
several
Monuments
,
amongst
which
,
one
for
Queen
Elizabeth
.
It
was
repaired
and
beautified
at
the
charge
of
the
Parish
in
the
year
1619.
LX.
Over
against
the
North-west
end
of
Lambert-hill-lane
in
Knight-Riders-street
,
is
the
Parish-Church
of
St.
Mary
Magdalen
,
commonly
called
so
,
with
the
addition
of
Old
Fish-street
.
It
was
repaired
and
beautified
at
the
charge
of
the
Parish
,
Anno
1630.
which
came
to
140
l.
in
this
was
a
Monument
of
Queen
Elizabeth
;
it
is
in
Castle-Baynard-Ward
.
LXI
.
The
Parish-Church
of
St.
Mary
de
Monte
also
,
commonly
called
St.
Mary
Mounthaw
,
is
situate
on
the
West-side
of
Old
Fish-street
in
Queen-hith-Ward
.
It
was
built
to
be
a
Chapel
of
the
House
of
the
Mounthaunts
,
and
the
Bishop
of
Hereford
is
Patron
thereof
.
It
was
in
part
new
built
,
and
very
much
inlarged
and
beautified
,
Anno
1609.
In
the
South
Isle
there
hung
a
very
fair
Picture
of
King
James
,
with
the
Figures
of
Peace
and
Plenty
on
either
side
of
him
;
Peace
with
her
Olive
Branch
,
and
Plenty
with
her
Sheaf
of
Wheat
in
her
hands
being
the
Gift
of
Robert
Plonker
,
then
Church-Warden
.
LXII
.
The
Parish-Church
of
St.
Mary
Sommerset
at
the
South-end
of
St.
Mary
Mounthaw-lane
over
against
Broken-Wharf
,
is
also
in
Queen-Hith-Ward
,
and
a
proper
Church
;
it
was
repaired
and
beautified
,
Anno
1624.
LXIII
.
The
Parish-Church
of
St.
Mary
called
Stayning
,
because
it
standeth
at
the
North-end
of
Stayning-lane
in
Aldersgate-Ward
,
was
repaired
and
beautified
at
the
cost
of
the
Parish
,
Anno
1630.
LXIV
.
Near
Stocks-Market
in
Walbrook-Ward
is
the
Parish-Church
called
St.
Mary
Wooll-Church
,
so
called
,
of
a
Beam
placed
in
the
Church-yard
,
which
was
thereof
called
Wooll-Church
Haw
,
of
the
weighing
of
Wooll
there
used
;
for
amongst
the
Customs
of
London
written
in
French
in
the
Reign
of
Edward
II.
there
is
to
be
found
a
Chapter
,
intituled
,
Les
Customes
de
Wooll-Church
Haw
.
Wherein
is
set
down
what
was
there
to
be
paid
for
every
parcel
of
Wooll
weighed
.
This
weighing
of
Wooll
was
there
continued
till
the
6th
of
Richard
II.
till
John
Churchman
built
the
Custome-House
upon
Wooll-Key
to
serve
for
the
said
purpose
.
This
was
(
and
is
now
)
a
fair
and
large
Church
.
LXV
.
The
Parish-Church
of
St.
Mary
Wolnoth
in
Langborn-Ward
,
was
a
proper
handsom
Church
,
with
some
few
Monuments
in
it
.
LXVI
.
In
Ironmonger-lane
in
Cheap-Ward
,
is
the
Parish-Church
of
St.
Martin
,
formerly
called
Pomary
,
possibly
of
Apples
growing
where
now
Houses
are
built
.
It
was
repaired
and
beautified
at
the
Parish-charge
,
Anno
1629.
LXVII
.
The
Parish-Church
of
St.
Martin
by
Ludgate
in
Farringdon-Ward-within
,
was
a
proper
Church
,
to
which
,
Anno
1437.
(
viz.
15th
of
H.
6.
)
Sir
John
Michael
Lord
Mayor
,
and
the
Commonalty
,
granted
a
parcel
of
Ground
,
containing
28
Foot
in
length
,
and
24
in
breadth
,
to
build
their
Steeple
upon
.
LXVIII
.
The
Parish-Church
of
St.
Martin
Orgar
in
Candlewick-street-ward
,
is
a
small
Church
;
Sir
William
Crowmer
Lord
Mayor
built
a
handsom
Chapel
on
the
South-side
thereof
,
and
was
buried
there
in
an
ancient
Tomb
,
Anno
1533.
it
was
repaired
1630.
at
the
cost
of
122
l.
6
s.
6
d.
There
was
a
rich
and
very
beautiful
Monument
in
the
Chancel
of
Sir
Allen
Cotton
Knight
,
and
Alderman
of
London
,
and
sometimes
Lord
Mayor
,
who
dyed
the
24th
of
December
,
Anno
1628.
with
a
large
Inscription
,
concluding
with
these
Verses
.
When
he
left
Earth
,
Rich
Bounty
Dy'd
,
Mild
Courtesie
gave
place
to
Pride
;
Soft
Mercy
to
bright
Justice
said
,
Oh
Sister
!
we
are
both
Betray'd
;
While
Innocence
lay
on
the
Ground
By
Truth
,
and
wept
at
eithers
Wound
,
The
Sons
of
Levi
did
lament
,
Their
Lamps
went
out
,
their
Oyl
was
spent
;
Heaven
hath
his
Soul
,
and
only
we
Spin
out
our
Lives
in
misery
:
So
Death
,
thou
missest
of
thy
End
,
And
kill'st
him
not
,
but
kill'st
his
Friend
.
There
was
also
a
delicate
Monument
of
our
famous
Queen
Elizabeth
.
LXIX
.
The
Parish-Church
of
St.
Martin
Outwich
,
is
on
the
South-part
of
Threadneedle-street
in
Broad-street-ward
;
it
is
so
called
of
Martin
de
Oteswitch
,
Nicholas
de
Oteswich
,
William
Oteswich
,
and
John
Oteswich
,
Founders
thereof
,
and
all
buried
there
,
as
appeared
by
their
ancient
Monument
.
There
was
Interred
Richard
Staper
,
Elected
Alderman
of
London
,
Anno
1594.
the
greatest
Merchant
in
his
time
,
and
the
chiefest
Actor
in
the
discovery
of
the
Trades
of
Turkey
,
and
the
East-India
.
He
was
prosperous
,
wealthy
,
bountiful
,
and
a
good
man
;
he
died
,
Anno
1608.
Sir
Henry
Row
gave
5
l.
yearly
for
Ever
to
the
Poor
of
this
Parish
,
to
be
bestowed
in
Bread
and
Coals
.
And
Mrs.
Sotherton
yearly
for
Ever
in
Bread
,
50
s.
LXX
.
The
Fair
Parish-Church
called
St.
Martin
Vintrey
in
Vintrey-Ward
,
was
sometimes
called
St.
Martin
de
Beremand
Church
.
It
was
new
built
,
Anno
1399.
by
the
Executors
of
Matthew
Columbars
,
a
Stranger
born
,
and
a
French
Merchant
.
LXXI
.
The
Parish-Church
of
St.
Matthew
Friday-street
,
Farringdon-ward-within
,
had
divers
Monuments
in
it
.
It
was
repaired
and
beautified
at
the
cost
of
the
Parish
,
Anno
1633.
AS
TO
LXXII
.
The
Parish-Church
of
St.
Michael
,
called
St.
Michael
at
Basing-hall
in
Basing-hall-ward
.
LXXIII
.
The
Parish-Church
of
St.
Michael
Cornhil
in
Cornhil-ward
.
LXXIV
.
St
Michaels
Crooked-lane
in
Candleweek-street-ward
.
LXXV
.
St.
Mich.
Queenhith
in
Queenhith-ward
.
The
are
handsom
Churches
,
affording
no
Remarkables
,
but
what
will
fall
under
other
Heads
.
LXXVI
.
St.
Michael
ad
Bladum
,
or
at
the
Corne
,
(
corruptly
called
St.
Michael
Querne
)
is
in
Farringdon-ward-within
,
and
was
a
fair
Church
,
with
divers
Monuments
in
it
,
amongst
the
rest
one
for
John
Leland
,
the
famous
Antiquary
,
and
others
,
as
John
Banks
Esq
Mercer
,
who
by
his
last
Will
written
with
his
own
hand
,
gave
to
pious
and
charitable
Uses
6000
l.
which
his
Executor
Robert
Tichburn
carefully
discharged
.
LXXVII
.
St.
Michael
Royal
in
Vintrey-ward
is
a
fair
Parish-Church
.
It
was
new
built
,
and
made
a
Colledge
by
Sir
Richard
Whittington
Mercer
,
and
four
times
Lord
Mayor
;
for
a
Master
,
four
Fellows
,
Masters
of
Art
,
Clerks
,
Conducts
,
Chorists
,
&c.
There
was
also
an
Alms-house
for
thirteen
poor
men
.
The
College
was
suppressed
in
the
time
of
Edward
the
Sixth
,
the
Alms-houses
,
with
the
poor
men
,
do
remain
,
and
are
paid
by
the
Mercers
.
This
Church
was
beautified
at
the
proper
cost
of
the
Parish
,
Anno
1630.
at
the
charge
of
130
l.
9
s.
LXXVIII
.
The
Parish-Church
of
St.
Michael
in
Wood-street
in
Cripplegate-ward
,
was
a
proper
Church
,
in
which
were
divers
Monuments
.
Here
was
Interred
the
Head
of
James
the
Fourth
,
King
of
Scots
of
that
name
,
slain
at
Flodden-field
.
Here
was
also
a
Monument
of
Queen
Elizabeth
.
LXXIX
.
The
Parish-Church
called
St.
Mildred
Bread-street
in
Bread-street-ward
,
had
divers
Monuments
,
amongst
the
rest
,
one
for
Sir
John
Chadworth
,
or
Shadworth
Kt.
some
time
Mercer
and
Lord
Mayor
of
London
,
who
gave
a
Vestry
to
this
Church
,
an
House
for
the
Pastor
to
dwell
in
,
and
a
Church-yard
to
the
Parishioners
,
wherein
to
bury
their
dead
.
He
deceased
the
7th
of
May
,
An.
1401.
In
Memorial
of
whom
,
there
was
a
fair
Inscription
on
the
Wall
,
in
these
words
:
Here
lies
a
Man
,
that
Faith
and
Works
did
even
(
Like
Fiery
Chariots
)
mount
him
up
to
Heaven
:
He
did
adorn
this
Church
.
When
words
were
weak
And
men
forget
,
the
living
stones
will
speak
,
He
left
us
Land
:
This
little
Earth
him
keeps
,
These
black
words
Mourners
,
and
the
Marble
weeps
.
At
the
upper
end
of
the
Chancel
was
a
fair
Window
full
of
cost
and
beauty
,
which
being
divided
into
five
parts
,
carried
in
the
first
of
them
a
very
artful
and
curious
Representation
of
the
Spaniards
great
Armado
,
and
the
Battel
in
1588.
In
the
2d
,
the
Monument
of
Queen
Elizabeth
.
In
the
3d
,
of
the
Gun-powder
Plot.
In
the
4th
,
of
the
lamentable
time
of
Infection
,
1625.
In
the
5th
,
the
view
and
lively
portraicture
of
that
worthy
Gentleman
Captain
Nicholas
Crisp
,
at
whose
sole
cost
(
among
other
)
this
beautiful
piece
of
Work
was
erected
,
as
also
the
Figures
of
his
virtuous
Wife
and
Children
,
with
the
Arms
belonging
unto
them
.
Upon
the
story
of
1588
,
were
these
Verses
:
Star-gazing
Wizards
sate
upon
this
year
,
Matter
of
wonder
,
and
did
threaten
fear
Towards
us
,
insomuch
that
Rome
and
Spain
This
Land
accounted
their
assured
gain
.
But
mark
how
God
did
quite
their
hepes
confound
,
Both
ships
and
men
we
did
see
flee
and
drown'd
.
Queen
Elizabeth's
Monument
.
Marvel
not
why
we
do
erect
this
Shrine
,
Since
Dedicated
in
to
Worth
Divine
;
Religion
,
Arts
,
with
Policy
and
Arms
,
Did
all
concur
in
Her
most
Happy
Reign
:
To
keep
God's
Church
and
us
from
Plotted
Harms
,
Contriv'd
by
Romish
Wits
,
and
force
of
Spain
.
The
Powder-Plot
,
1605.
When
Force
could
not
prevail
,
nor
Plots
abroad
Could
have
Success
,
Sin
now
invents
new
Fraud
;
Guy
Faux
is
sent
Ambassador
to
Styx
.
And
thence
returning
,
furnisheth
with
Tricks
His
damned
Crew
,
who
forthwith
all
conclude
To
blow
up
King
,
the
State
,
and
Multitude
.
The
Great
Plague
,
1625.
The
Story
's
past
,
God's
blessings
to
the
State
Do
clearly
shew
;
but
sure
we
were
Ingrate
,
For
now
,
behold
,
instead
of
sweet
protection
,
Thousands
are
swept
away
by
foul
Infection
;
But
mark
God's
mercy
in
midst
of
greatest
crys
,
He
sheath'd
his
Sword
,
and
wip't
tears
from
our
eys
.
The
Founder's
Figure
,
with
their
Wife
,
Children
and
Arms.
These
Ensigns
which
you
see
and
Monument
,
Are
not
so
much
to
represent
The
Founder's
Person
,
as
his
zealous
care
T'
express
God's
Love
and
Mercies
rare
To
this
his
Vineyard
,
for
to
that
sole
end
Did
he
these
Stories
thus
commend
To
After-Ages
,
that
in
their
Distress
,
They
might
God's
Goodness
still
express
.
LXXX
.
In
the
main
Body
of
Cheap-Ward
,
stands
the
Parish-Church
called
St.
Mildred
Poultrey
.
The
Founder
is
not
to
be
read
in
any
credible
Record
,
but
it
appears
by
certain
ancient
Evidences
of
the
said
Church
,
that
from
the
beginning
it
had
not
so
much
spare
ground
about
it
,
as
to
make
a
Church-yard
of
,
until
Anno
1420.
And
the
8
of
H.
5.
Thomas
Morstead
Esq
and
Chyrurgeon
to
the
Kings
H.
4.
H.
5.
&
H.
6.
(
and
afterwards
,
Anno
1436.
was
Sheriff
and
Alderman
of
London
)
gave
unto
the
Church
a
parcel
of
Ground
lying
between
his
dwelling
House
,
and
the
said
Church
adjoining
to
it
towards
the
North
,
to
make
a
Burying
place
of
,
containing
from
the
course
of
Walbrook
towards
the
West
,
45
Foot
;
and
in
Breadth
from
the
Church
towards
the
North
,
35
Foot
.
Besides
other
Monuments
,
here
was
one
for
Queen
Elizabeth
,
with
several
Copies
of
Verses
,
some
of
which
are
before
recited
,
(
for
there
were
Monuments
for
Her
in
several
Churches
,
and
She
well
deserved
it
,
as
being
a
most
Heroick
Princess
,
that
check'd
the
Plots
and
Incroachments
of
the
Pope
and
his
Adherents
,
and
is
therefore
to
be
perpetuated
to
Posterity
,
)
and
therefore
what
we
have
not
elsewhere
met
with
,
shall
be
inserted
.
On
the
top
of
the
Monument
were
these
Lines
:
If
Prayers
or
Tears
of
Subjects
had
prevail'd
,
To
save
a
Princess
,
through
the
World
esteem'd
,
Then
Atropos
in
Cutting
here
had
fail'd
,
And
had
not
cut
her
thr●ad
,
but
been
redeem'd
.
But
pale
fac'd
Death
,
and
cruel
Churlish
Fate
;
To
Prince
and
People
brings
the
latest
Date
.
Yet
spight
of
Death
and
Fate
,
fame
will
display
Her
Gracious
Vertues
through
the
World
for
aye
.
Under
Her
were
these
Verses
:
Th'
Admired
Empress
through
the
World
applauded
,
For
Supream
Vertues
Rarest
imitation
,
Whose
Scepters
Rule
,
Fames
loud
voto'd
Trumpet
lauded
,
Vnto
the
Ears
of
every
Foreign
Nation
.
Canopied
under
powerful
Angels
Wings
,
To
her
Immortal
Praise
sweet
Science
sings
.
LXXXI
.
The
Parish-Church
of
St.
Nicholas-Acons
in
Lumbard-street
,
in
Langborn-Ward
,
was
Repaired
and
Imbattled
by
Sir
John
Bridges
Draper
and
Lord
Mayor
,
Anno
1520
,
who
was
buried
there
.
It
was
afterwards
Repaired
and
Beautified
at
the
Charge
of
the
Parish
Anno
1615.
There
was
the
Monument
of
John
Hall
,
Master
of
the
Worshipful
Company
of
Drapers
,
who
dyed
the
Nineteenth
of
November
1618.
Aged
Ninety
three
Years
;
and
Fifty
eight
Years
a
House
keeper
in
that
Parish
,
and
had
Twenty
seven
Children
all
born
there
.
LXXXII
.
Towards
the
West-end
of
Knight-Riders-street
,
in
Queen-Hith-Ward
,
is
the
Parish-Church
called
St.
Nicholas
Cole-Abbey
(
formerly
Cold-Abbey
,
)
which
was
an
Antient
and
proper
Church
.
In
the
Twenty
sixth
of
Edward
the
III.
Thomas
Frere
,
Fishmonger
,
gave
a
piece
of
Ground
to
the
said
Parish-Church
of
St.
Nicholas
,
containing
Eighty
Six
Foot
in
Length
Forty
three
Foot
at
one
end
,
and
Thirty
four
at
another
in
Breadth
,
for
a
Burying
place
or
Church-Yard
.
It
was
Repaired
and
Beautified
at
the
cost
of
the
Parish
,
Anno
1630.
LXXXIII
.
On
the
West-end
of
Bread-street-Hill
,
also
in
Queen-Hith-Ward
,
is
the
Parish-Church
called
St.
Nicholas
Olave
,
wherein
were
divers
Monuments
.
Thomas
Lewen
Ironmonger
,
Alderman
,
and
one
of
the
Sheriffs
1537
,
gave
his
Messuage
with
Fourteen
Tenements
in
the
said
Parish
,
to
the
Ironmongers
,
and
they
to
give
Stipends
to
Alms-Men
in
Five
Houses
,
built
in
the
Church-Yard
of
that
Parish
.
His
Monument
,
with
Agnes
his
Wife
,
was
Revived
and
Beautified
at
the
Charge
of
the
Right
Worshipful
Company
of
Ironmongers
,
Anno
1623.
LXXXIV
.
At
the
North-west
corner
of
Sydon-Lane
in
Tower-street-Ward
,
is
the
handsom
Parish-Church
called
St.
Olave
Hartstreet
,
in
which
were
many
Monuments
.
It
was
Repaired
and
Richly
Beautified
at
the
Parish
Charges
,
in
the
Years
1632
,
and
1633
,
at
the
cost
of
above
Four
hundred
thirty
seven
pound
.
LXXXV
.
In
the
Street
called
the
Old
Jewry
in
Coleman-street-Ward
,
is
the
Parish-Church
called
St.
Olave
Jewry
,
in
old
Records
called
St.
Olave
Vpwell
,
in
which
were
several
Monnments
.
LXXXVI
.
At
the
North-end
of
Noble-street
in
Alders-gate-Ward
,
is
the
Parish-Church
called
St.
Olave
Silver-street
.
It
was
New
built
in
the
Year
1609
,
(
and
inlarged
in
Breadth
above
seven
Foot
,
(
and
Anno
1619
,
Repaired
and
Beautified
,
and
inriched
with
a
Fair
Gallery
,
Anno
1632.
LXXXVII
.
In
Needlers-lane
in
Cheap-Ward
is
the
Parish-Church
,
called
St.
Pancras
Soper-lane
.
Here
was
a
fair
Monument
of
James
Hu●sh
(
Citizen
and
Grocer
of
London
)
who
by
two
Wives
had
twenty
nine
Children
,
he
dyed
the
twentieth
of
August
1590.
he
was
a
good
Man
,
and
Charitable
;
upon
his
Tomb
was
an
Elegant
Latin
Epitaph
.
Mr.
Thomas
Chapman
in
the
Year
1617
,
gave
a
very
fair
and
costly
Table
,
bearing
the
Figure
of
the
Monument
of
the
Renowned
QVEEN
ELIZABETH
.
LXXXVIII
.
At
the
South-West
corner
of
Wood-street
in
Farringdon-Ward
within
,
is
the
handsom
Parish-Church
called
St.
Peter-Cheap
.
In
which
are
but
few
Monuments
,
Sir
John
Shaw
Goldsmith
and
Lord
Mayor
,
(
deceased
1503
,
)
appointed
by
his
Testament
,
the
said
Church
and
Steeple
to
be
New
built
at
his
cost
,
with
a
flat
Roof
.
Yet
Thomas
Wood
Goldsmith
,
of
the
Sheriffs
1491
,
i●
accounted
a
Principal
Benefactor
,
because
the
Roo●
of
the
middle
Ile
was
supported
by
Images
of
Wood-Men
.
It
was
Repaired
and
Beautified
at
the
charge
of
the
Parish
in
the
Years
1616
and
1617
,
which
came
to
314
l.
LXXXIX
.
The
Parish-Church
of
St.
Peters
in
Cornhil
is
an
antient
building
;
there
is
in
that
Church
a
Table
fast
chained
,
wherein
it
is
said
,
th●
Anno
179
,
King
Lucius
founded
this
Church
,
an●
made
it
an
Archbishops
See
,
and
the
Metropolitan
or
chief
Church
of
this
Kingdom
:
and
so
endure●
Four
hundred
Years
,
then
the
Archbishops
See
an●
Pall
were
removed
to
Canterbury
.
But
whethe●
the
Church
that
King
King
Lucius
built
,
be
thi●
or
St.
Peters
Westminster
,
is
controverted
by
Historians
,
and
therefore
we
shall
not
wrangle
about
it
.
To
the
Poor
of
this
Parish
were
sundry
Benefactors
,
as
Lancelot
Tompson
of
London
Draper
,
who
amongst
other
Charities
gave
one
hundred
pound
to
the
Drapers
Company
,
and
they
to
allow
Five
pound
yearly
for
ever
▪
for
Bread
and
Coals
for
the
Poor
of
the
said
Parish
;
whom
several
other
well
minded
People
imitated
.
It
was
most
richly
Repaired
and
Beautified
at
the
Parish
Charge
,
amounting
to
about
one
thousand
four
hundred
pound
,
in
the
Year
1633.
XC
.
The
Parish-Church
called
St.
Peter-Pauls-Wharf
,
was
in
Queen-Hith-Ward
,
wont
to
be
called
Parva
or
Little
,
because
it
was
a
small
Church
;
it
was
Repaired
and
Beautified
Anno
1625.
Therein
was
a
Monument
for
Queen
ELIZABETH
.
XCI
.
In
Broad-street-Ward
is
the
Parish-Church
vulgarly
called
St.
Peter-Poor
,
peradventure
so
called
,
because
the
Parish
was
Poor
formerly
,
(
but
now
they
are
otherwise
,
)
or
to
difference
it
from
others
of
that
Name
;
here
are
sundry
Monuments
,
and
several
Benefactors
to
the
Poor
of
the
Parish
.
The
Lady
Payton
,
gave
40
s.
Yearly
for
ever
in
Bread
;
the
Lady
Ramsey
gave
four
pound
Yearly
for
ever
.
Mr.
John
Quarles
Citizen
and
Draper
of
London
,
gave
the
Sum
of
five
pound
Yearly
for
ever
,
&c.
It
cost
in
sundry
Repairs
from
the
year
1615
,
to
1630.
the
Sum
of
one
thousand
five
hundred
eighty
seven
pound
;
all
which
,
except
four
hundred
which
Sir
William
Garway
Knight
gave
,
was
the
proper
charge
of
the
Parishioners
.
XCII
.
The
Parish-Church
of
St.
Stephen
in
Coleman-street
and
Ward
,
had
divers
Monuments
,
and
Benefactors
,
but
I
cannot
omit
the
Verses
on
the
Monument
of
Barne
Roberts
Esq
who
Dyed
Anno
1610.
they
are
so
Elegantly
expressive
of
his
Wifes
affection
,
(
she
was
eldest
Daughter
to
Sir
William
Glover
Kinght
,
and
Alderman
of
London
,
)
who
Erected
the
Monument
Anno
1611.
at
her
own
Charge
.
If
human
worth
could
have
preserv'd
him
still
,
He
had
been
much
too
strong
for
Death
to
kill
.
Yet
being
Conquer'd
,
he
got
by
the
strife
,
A
better
being
,
in
a
better
life
:
So
,
that
great
Victor
over
Nature
,
left
him
More
happiness
ten
fold
than
he
bereft
him
.
This
Church
was
sometime
a
Synagogue
of
the
Jews
,
then
a
Parish-Church
,
then
a
Chappel
to
St.
Olaves
in
the
Jewry
,
and
7
E.
4.
it
was
Incorporated
a
Parish-Church
:
It
was
Repaired
and
Beautified
at
the
Parish
Charge
Anno
1622
,
and
a
very
fair
Gallery
added
in
the
South
Ile
Anno
2629.
Here
was
also
a
Monument
for
Queen
ELIZABETH
.
XCIII
.
In
Wallbrook-street
,
and
Ward
,
is
the
fair
Parish-Church
called
St.
Stephen-Wallbrook
.
Sir
Robert
Chichely
somtimes
Lord
Mayor
,
in
the
Year
1428
▪
6
H.
6.
gave
to
this
Parish
one
Plat
of
Ground
containing
two
hundred
and
eight
Foot
and
a
half
in
Length
,
and
sixty
six
Foot
in
Breadth
,
to
Build
a
New
Church
,
and
for
a
Church
Yard
on
the
East-side
of
the
Old
Church
,
(
the
place
of
the
Old
Church
being
converted
to
a
Parsonage-House
,
)
This
Ground
he
bought
of
the
Grocers
for
two
hundred
Marks
,
which
was
Lett
before
for
twenty
six
Marks
Yearly
.
He
gave
over
and
above
one
hundred
pound
,
to
the
said
Work
,
bore
the
Charges
of
all
the
Timber-Work
on
the
Procession-way
,
and
laid
the
Lead
upon
it
at
his
own
Post
.
He
gave
also
all
the
Timber
for
the
Roofing
of
the
two
Iles
,
and
paid
for
the
Carriage
therefore
.
It
was
finished
1439.
The
Breadth
being
sixty
seven
Foot
,
the
Length
125.
The
Church-Yard
Ninety
Foot
in
Length
,
and
thirty
seven
in
Breadth
and
more
.
It
had
many
Repairs
to
the
Year
1632
,
amounting
to
five
hundred
and
ten
pound
fifteen
shillings
and
six
pence
.
XCIV
.
The
Parish-Church
of
St.
Swithins
is
also
in
Wallbrook-Ward
,
on
the
South-West
corner
of
Swithins-lane
,
wherein
were
divers
Monuments
.
XCV
.
In
Knight-Riders-street
in
Vintry-Ward
is
the
proper
Parish-Church
of
St.
Thomas
Apostle
.
In
which
was
a
neat
Monument
,
on
which
was
an
Elegant
Epitaph
in
Latin
Verse
,
composed
by
Mrs.
Katherine
Killegrew
for
her self
in
her
life
time
.
And
another
in
neat
Greek
Verse
by
her
Sister
Elizabeth
,
for
the
said
Katherin●
when
she
dyed
;
besides
two
more
,
expressing
the
great
Learning
and
Accuteness
of
those
Noble
Sisters
.
But
our
intended
brevity
permits
the
Recital
but
of
two
,
and
that
for
a
●aste
,
and
to
shew
what
Women
may
arrive
to
,
if
Studious
.
What
she
Writ
her Self
was
:
Dormio
nunc
Domino
,
Domini
virtute
resurgam
,
Et
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
meum
carne
videbo
mea
,
Mortua
ne
Dicar
,
fruitur
pars
altera
Christo
Et
surgar
Capiti
,
tempore
,
tota
,
meo
.
Here
was
another
Epitaph
by
Andrew
Melvin
.
Palladis
&
Phabi
comes
una
,
&
Pieris
una
,
Pieridumque
soror
,
Pieridumque
Parens
Gratia
,
suada
,
lepas
,
Gravitas
,
Constantia
,
Candor
,
Religio
,
Pietas
,
&
pudor
,
&
probitas
,
Atque
Palestinae
,
&
Latiae
,
Graiaeque
Camenae
Clausit
olim
uno
omnes
pectore
,
nunc
Tumulo
.
It
was
Repaired
and
Beautified
at
the
Parish
charge
,
amounting
to
three
hundred
pound
,
Anno
1630.
There
was
also
a
Monument
of
Queen
ELIZABETH
,
but
the
Verses
being
the
same
we
had
in
other
places
,
we
omit
them
,
to
avoid
prolixity
.
XCVI
.
In
Knight-Riders-street
is
the
small
Parish-Church
of
the
Holy-Trinity
.
To
which
John
Bryan
Alderman
in
the
Reign
of
Henry
the
V.
was
a
great
Benefactor
,
&c.
It
was
Re-built
at
the
Parish
charge
(
being
lamentably
decayed
)
Anno
1607
,
and
1608.
To
which
the
Worshipful
Companies
of
Merchant
Taylors
and
Vintners
,
were
very
Bountiful
Benefactors
.
As
also
these
Aldermen
,
Sir
Thomas
Cambel
,
Sir
John
Swinnerton
,
Sir
John
Gore
,
Sir
William
Craven
,
Sir
Thomas
Middleton
.
XCVII
.
The
Parish-Church
called
St.
Vedast
,
alias
Foster
,
in
Farringdon-Ward-within
,
was
a
Fair
Church
,
had
had
many
Benefactors
,
and
in
it
were
several
Monuments
.
To
this
Church
at
the
Chancel
end
,
the
Breadth
being
twenty
Yards
and
above
,
was
added
twenty
Foot
of
Ground
,
which
Ground
was
given
to
the
Parish
,
to
Lengthen
the
Church
,
out
of
a
Fair
Court
then
belonging
to
the
Sadlers-Hall
.
Having
given
a
brief
Account
of
the
Churches
within
the
Walls
as
they
were
formerly
,
(
reserving
their
present
State
to
another
Head
,
there
being
Eighty
seven
Destroyed
by
the
Fire
,
of
which
many
are
bravely
Re-built
,
&c.
)
We
shall
proceed
Alphabotically
to
those
sixteen
without
the
Wall
.
And
,
I.
The
Parish-Church
of
St.
Andrew-Holborn
,
stands
at
the
very
corner
of
Shooe-lane
in
Holborn
.
In
which
are
several
Monuments
,
but
we
cannot
omit
that
of
R●lph
Okey
of
Lincolns-Inn
Esq
because
of
his
Piety
and
Bounty
in
Legacies
.
He
was
Master
of
St.
Katharines
,
and
one
of
the
Masters
of
Requests
to
Queen
ELIZABETH
,
he
Dyed
the
Fourth
of
June
1596.
He
gave
by
his
Testament
to
Christs-Hospital
,
one
hundred
pound
.
To
the
Colledge
of
the
Poor
of
Queen
ELIZABETH
in
East
Greenwich
,
one
hundred
pound
.
To
Poor
Scholars
in
Cambridge
,
one
hundred
pound
.
To
Poor
Scholars
in
Oxford
,
one
hundred
pound
.
To
Prisoners
in
the
two
Compters
,
of
London
,
two
hundred
pound
.
To
Prisoners
in
the
Fleet
,
one
hundred
pound
.
To
Prisoners
in
Ludgate
,
one
hundred
pound
.
To
Prisoners
in
Newgate
,
one
hundred
pound
.
To
Prisoners
in
the
King's-Bench
,
one
hundred
pound
.
To
Prisoners
in
the
Marshalsea
,
one
hundred
pound
.
Which
is
Eleven
hundred
pound
.
Besides
twenty
pound
to
the
Prisoners
in
the
White-Lyon
.
And
to
the
Poor
of
St.
Katharines
,
twenty
pound
.
And
to
every
Brother
and
Sister
there
,
forty
shillings
.
He
hath
a
Curious
Monument
in
the
Wall
of
the
Quire
,
expressing
in
Latin
his
Descent
,
Employs
,
De●erts
,
and
Piety
,
&c.
II.
In
treating
of
the
Parish-Church
of
St.
Bartholome●-Great
,
in
Farringdon-Ward-without
,
it
is
necessary
to
say
somthing
briefly
of
its
Original
.
On
the
East-side
of
Duck-lane
near
Smithfield
,
one
Rahere
,
a
pleasant
wittied
Gentleman
,
Founded
the
Priory
of
St.
Bartholomew
,
about
the
Year
1102.
He
placed
Canons
there
,
and
became
himself
their
first
Prior
,
and
so
continued
while
he
lived
,
and
was
Buried
there
in
a
Fair
Monument
,
Renewed
by
Prior
Bolton
,
who
was
the
last
Prior
in
that
House
;
this
Priory
was
New
built
Anno
1410.
King
Henry
II.
Granted
it
the
priviledge
of
a
Fair
to
be
kept
Yearly
at
Bartholomew-tide
.
When
it
was
surrended
in
the
Thirtieth
of
H.
VIII
.
it
was
valued
at
six
hundred
fifty
three
pound
fifteen
shillings
per
annum
.
Six
Bells
in
a
Tune
belonging
to
it
,
were
Sold
to
the
Parish
of
St.
Sepulchres
.
And
then
the
Church
being
pulled
down
to
the
Quire
,
the
Quire
was
by
the
Kings
order
,
annexed
,
for
the
inlarging
of
the
old
Parish-Church
adjoyning
,
and
so
was
used
till
the
Reign
of
Queen
Mary
,
who
gave
the
Remnant
of
the
Priory-Church
to
the
Friers
Preachers
,
or
Black-Friers
,
and
was
used
as
their
Conventual-Church
,
until
the
first
of
Queen
Elizabeth
.
Then
those
Fryers
were
put
out
,
and
all
the
said
Church
,
with
the
old
Parish-Church
,
was
wholly
as
it
stood
in
the
last
Year
of
Edward
the
VI.
given
by
Parliament
to
remain
for
ever
a
Parish-Church
,
to
the
Inhabitants
within
the
Close
,
called
Great
St.
Bartholomews
.
Since
which
time
much
cost
hath
been
spent
in
Repairs
upon
it
.
III.
The
Hospital
of
St.
Bartholomew
(
now
the
Parish-Church
called
St.
Bartholomew
the
less
,
)
was
Founded
by
the
above
mentioned
Rahere
.
This
was
confirmed
by
Edward
III.
in
his
Twenty
sixth
Year
;
this
Hospital
was
valued
at
the
Suppression
Anno
1539.
in
the
Thirty
first
of
Henry
VIII
.
at
thirty
five
pound
six
shillings
and
seven
pence
Yearly
.
It
Remaineth
now
the
Parish-Church
to
the
Inhabitants
in
the
Precinct
of
the
Hospital
.
In
the
later
end
of
July
Anno
1552.
This
Hospital
was
Repaired
,
New
Endowed
and
Furnished
at
the
charge
of
the
Citizens
.
IV.
The
Parish-Church
of
St.
Bridget
or
Bride
,
in
Farringdon-Ward-without
,
of
old
time
was
a
small
Thing
,
but
increased
since
with
a
large
Body
and
side-Iles
towards
the
West
,
at
the
charge
of
William
Vennor
Esq
Warden
of
the
Fleet
,
about
the
Year
1480.
All
which
he
caused
to
be
brought
about
in
the
Stone
,
in
the
Figure
of
a
Vine
,
with
Grapes
and
Leaves
,
&c.
The
partition
betwixt
the
old
work
and
the
New
,
some
time
prepared
as
a
Screen
,
to
be
set
up
in
the
Hall
of
the
Duke
of
Somerset's-House
in
the
Strand
,
was
bought
for
eight
score
pound
,
and
set
up
in
the
Year
1557.
This
Church
was
Repaired
and
Richly
and
Curiously
Beautified
at
the
Charge
of
the
Parishioners
1630
,
1631
,
1632.
The
Battlements
were
New
built
,
the
middle
Roof
,
and
a
very
Fair
Gallery
on
the
North
side
of
this
Church
answerable
to
that
on
the
South
,
erected
Anno
1607.
V.
As
to
Bridewel
Precinct
we
refer
you
to
the
Section
of
Hospitals
,
with
respect
to
that
Foundation
.
It
was
Enlarged
and
Beautified
at
the
proper
cost
and
Charge
of
the
Governors
and
Inhabitants
of
the
Precinct
,
Anno
1620.
Sir
Thomas
Middleton
being
President
,
and
Mr.
Thomas
Johnson
Treasurer
.
There
was
above
twenty
four
Foot
in
Length
added
to
it
.
It
is
a
Beautiful
Chappel
;
that
commends
the
care
of
its
Governors
.
We
must
not
omit
to
insert
,
that
close
by
the
Pulpit
,
hangs
the
Picture
of
King
Edward
the
VI.
that
truly
Religious
and
most
Vertuous
Protestant
Prince
,
with
the
following
Lines
:
This
Edward
of
fair
Memory
,
the
sixth
In
whom
with
Greatness
Goodness
was
commixt
,
Gave
this
Bridewell
,
a
Palace
in
old
times
,
For
a
Chastising-House
of
Vagrant
Crimes
.
There
is
likewise
a
Monument
of
Queen
Elizabeths
,
but
the
Verses
being
before
Recited
,
we
shall
for
brevity
here
omit
them
.
VI.
In
Alders-gate-Ward
,
and
in
Britain-street
,
so
called
of
the
Dukes
of
Britain
that
lodged
there
,
is
the
Parish-Church
of
St.
Botolph
,
called
Aldersgate
.
There
was
a
Popish
Brotherhood
Founded
there
Anno
1377
,
indowed
with
Lands
above
thirty
l.
per
annum
,
(
a
great
Sum
then
;
)
but
suppressed
by
King
Edward
the
VI.
In
this
were
divers
Monuments
,
amongst
the
rest
was
a
Fair
Pyramid
erected
against
a
Pillar
,
with
this
Pathetick
Inscription
,
not
unworthy
to
be
Transcribed
.
Katharina
Mountague
obiit
7.
die
Decembris
anno
Domini
.
1612.
What
Epitaph
shall
we
afford
this
Shrine
?
Words
cannot
Grace
this
Pyramid
of
thine
:
Thy
sweet
Perfections
,
all
summ'd
up
,
were
such
,
As
Heavens
(
I
think
)
for
Earth
did
think
too
much
Religious
Zeal
did
thy
pure
heart
command
,
Pity
thine
Eye
,
and
Charity
thy
Hand
:
These
Graces
,
joyned
with
more
of
like
degree
,
Make
each
Mans
word
an
Epitaph
for
thee
.
Calm
was
thy
Death
,
well
order'd
was
thy
life
,
A
Careful
Mother
,
and
a
l●ving
Wife
.
Ask
any
,
how
these
Vertues
in
thee
grew
?
Thou
wast
a
Spencer
and
a
Mountague
.
VII
.
The
Parish-Church
of
St.
Botolph-Aldgate
,
is
a
very
Fair
Church
,
not
far
from
Ald-gate
in
Portsoken-Ward
.
It
is
a
Populous
Parish
,
and
there
are
several
Monuments
in
the
Church
.
Amongst
which
(
for
his
Charity
,
which
deserves
to
be
Remembred
,
)
we
shall
Remark
that
of
George
Clark
)
Citizen
and
Vintner
of
London
,
who
gave
these
following
Legacies
.
For
a
publick
School
in
the
University
of
Oxford
,
the
Sum
of
two
hundred
pound
.
To
the
use
of
the
Poor
of
the
four
Precincts
of
the
Ward
of
Portsoken
,
being
in
this
Parish
,
two
hundred
ninety
three
pound
six
shillings
and
eight
pence
.
To
the
Parish
of
White-Chappel
,
for
the
Relief
of
the
Poor
there
,
one
hundred
and
six
pound
fifteen
shillings
and
four
pence
.
To
the
Company
of
Vintners
ten
pound
.
To
the
Poor
of
Christ's
-
Hospital
five
pound
.
That
is
,
eight
hundred
forty
five
pound
two
shillings
and
two
pence
.
He
Deceased
the
fourteenth
of
April
Anno
1606.
Aged
63
Years
.
This
Church
was
Repaired
and
Beautified
Anno
1621.
There
is
a
Memorial
Erected
by
the
Right
Worshipful
the
Company
of
Merchant-Taylors
,
for
Robert
Dove
Esq
Citizen
and
Merchant-Taylor
of
London
,
Master
of
the
same
Company
,
and
one
of
the
Customers
in
the
Port
of
London
,
who
gave
,
in
his
Life-time
,
Three
thousand
five
hundred
twenty
eight
pound
ten
shillings
and
eight
pence
,
for
Charitable
Uses
for
ever
,
to
divers
Poor
Brethren
of
the
same
Company
,
and
other
Uses
for
the
said
Company
,
viz.
To
Christ's
-
Hospital
.
To
St.
Sepulchres-Parish
.
To
the
Two
Compters
.
To
Ludgate
and
Newgate
.
To
the
Poor
of
this
Parish
.
To
St.
John-Baptist's
-
Colledge
in
Oxford
.
To
Queen
Elizabeths-Hospital
at
Bristol
,
&c.
He
Dyed
the
Second
day
of
May
1612.
at
the
Age
of
Ninety
Years
.
His
Arms
under
him
,
Three
Doves
.
He
lived
Vertuously
all
his
Life
,
and
Dyed
a
sincere
Professor
of
the
True
Christian
Protestant
Religion
,
in
the
Eleventh
of
King
JAMES
;
who
is
remembred
as
being
a
Worthy
Example
to
the
living
,
and
deserves
a
Memorial
in
All
Ages
.
VIII
.
The
Parish-Church
of
St.
Buttolph-Bishops-gate
in
Bishops-Gate-Ward
,
stands
in
a
Fair
Church-Yard
,
(
adjoyning
to
the
Town-Ditch
,
upon
the
very
Bank
thereof
,
)
inclosed
with
a
comely
Wall
of
Brick
,
Repaired
by
Sir
William
Allen
,
Lord
Mayor
Anno
1571.
Because
he
was
born
in
that
Parish
,
where
also
he
was
buryed
.
Mrs.
Wood
the
Wife
of
Robert
Wood
,
gave
large
Gifts
and
Legacies
to
this
Parish
,
she
Dyed
November
the
twenty
fifth
1600
,
and
lyes
buried
there
.
John
Heyward
,
Citizen
,
and
Alderman
of
London
,
by
his
last
Will
and
Testament
,
Inrolled
in
the
Court
of
Hustings
in
the
Guild-Hall
of
London
,
Anno
13th
.
of
Edward
the
IV.
gave
25
Quarters
of
Charcoals
Yearly
,
to
be
delivered
by
the
Company
of
Tallow-Chandlers
,
betwixt
the
first
of
November
,
and
the
twenty
fifth
of
December
,
with
a
Penalty
of
Forfeiture
of
twenty
shillings
for
the
first
quarter
,
if
they
be
not
Delivered
as
afore●aith
,
forty
shillings
for
the
second
quarter
,
four
pound
for
the
third
quarter
,
and
eight
pound
for
the
whole
Year
,
if
they
be
not
delivered
:
and
so
double
still
from
quarter
to
quarter
,
if
defect
of
Payment
herein
be
made
.
John
Bricket
Citizen
and
Tooth-Drawer
,
(
by
Will
dated
the
Eleventh
of
Feb.
1554.
)
gave
for
ever
,
Twelve
Sacks
of
Charcoals
to
the
Poor
of
this
Parish
to
be
paid
at
Easter
.
Mrs.
Mary
Wilkinson
,
gave
them
Sixty
Quarters
of
Coals
to
be
paid
in
November
and
December
for
ever
,
provided
that
out
of
each
Load
(
being
Four
in
all
,
Thirty
Quarters
being
two
Loads
)
the
Overseers
of
the
Precinct
of
Norton-Folgate
,
shall
have
Ten
Sacks
to
be
by
them
given
to
the
Poor
of
that
Pre●inct
.
Sir
William
Allen
,
gave
thirty
shillings
for
ever
to
be
distributed
by
the
Ironmongers
to
the
Poor
in
Bread
every
Year
.
Sir
Stephen
Scudamore
Twenty
shillings
paid
likewise
by
the
Company
of
Vintners
▪
Mary
Webster
gave
ten
shillings
for
ever
,
so
be
paid
to
the
Poor
on
St.
Thomas
Day
.
Mr.
William
Hobby
gave
the
Tenor
Bell.
Mr.
Ralph
Pinder
Citizen
and
Draper
of
London
,
gave
to
the
Poor
in
Money
Sixty
pound
,
for
which
is
given
to
Thirteen
Poor
People
every
Sunday
in
the
Year
,
two
pence
a
piece
,
in
good
Wheaten
Bread
.
Anno
1626.
Nicholas
Rieve
,
gave
the
Sum
of
Forty
six
pound
five
shillings
to
the
Parish
,
with
which
they
purchased
Lands
at
Stratford
and
Bow
,
worth
twenty
five
pound
per
annum
.
In
the
Year
1628
,
on
the
twentieth
of
June
,
the
Earl
of
Devonshire
then
deceasing
at
Devonshire-House
without
Bishops-gate
,
gave
one
hundred
pound
for
ever
to
the
Poor
,
for
which
the
Church-Wardens
give
every
Sonday
in
the
Year
to
Fifteen
Poor
People
of
this
Parish●
,
two
pence
a
piece
in
good
Wheaten
Bread
.
T.
C.
Citizen
and
Armourer
of
London
,
gave
a
100
l.
to
the
Chamber
of
London
,
for
which
5
l.
yearly
is
to
be
paid
,
to
buy
five
Waste-coats
,
and
five
Kirtles
of
good
Kersey
or
Cloth
,
each
Wastecoat
and
Kirtle
to
be
worth
at
least
15
s.
five
pair
of
Stockings
,
each
worth
at
least
18
d.
five
pair
of
Shoes
,
each
worth
at
least
2
s.
for
five
poor
aged
Widows
,
to
be
received
on
St.
Thomas
the
Apostles
day
for
ever
.
These
Charities
are
briefly
remembred
,
as
Examples
for
others
.
There
is
a
Remarkable
Monument
in
Petty-France
,
at
the
West-end
of
the
Lower
Church-yard
of
this
Church
without
the
Church-yard
wall
,
erected
to
the
memory
of
one
Coga
Shawsware
,
a
Persian
Merchant
,
principal
Servant
and
Secretary
to
the
Persian
Ambassador
,
with
whom
he
and
his
Son
came
over
.
He
was
aged
44
years
,
and
buried
the
10th
of
August
,
1626.
(
now
almost
55
years
ago
)
the
Ambassador
himself
,
young
Shawsware
his
Son
,
and
many
other
Persians
,
mournfully
following
him
to
the
Ground
about
Nine
in
the
Morning
.
Their
Ceremony
was
,
the
Son
sate
cross-legged
at
the
North-end
of
the
Grave
,
did
sometimes
read
,
and
sometimes
sing
,
both
intermixt
with
sighing
and
weeping
for
about
half
an
hour
.
Some
of
them
,
morning
and
evening
,
came
precisely
at
six
for
a
month
together
,
and
might
have
come
longer
,
but
that
the
Rudeness
of
our
People
disturbed
them
.
The
Son
,
at
his
own
charge
,
erected
this
Tomb
of
Stone
for
him
,
with
an
Epitaph
in
Persian
Characters
.
IX
.
The
Parish-Church
of
St.
Dunstan
,
called
West
,
to
distinguish
it
from
that
in
the
East
,
is
a
fair
Church
with
divers
fair
Monuments
.
William
Crowch
Citizen
and
Mercer
of
London
,
one
of
the
Common-Council
,
besides
other
Legacies
,
gave
10
l.
a
year
for
ever
,
to
be
distributed
among
36
poor
People
of
honest
life
of
this
Parish
.
He
dyed
April
16
,
Anno
1606.
this
is
his
pious
Epitaph
:
Lo
,
thus
he
Dy'd
;
For
vain
and
frail
is
Flesh
:
Yet
lives
his
Soul
(
by
Faith
)
in
endless
Bliss
,
By
Faith
in
Christ
;
whose
Grace
was
so
inlarg'd
,
That
by
his
Blood
mans
sin
he
hath
discharg'd
.
X.
Over
against
Suffolk-place
in
the
Borough
of
Southwark
and
Bridge-Ward-without
,
is
the
Parish-Church
of
St.
George
,
sometimes
pertaining
to
the
Priory
of
Bermondsey
.
Mr.
William
Evans
of
the
Right
Worshipful
Company
of
Merchant-Taylors
,
deceased
July
1590.
gave
10
l.
8
s.
to
the
Poor
yearly
for
ever
,
to
be
distributed
in
Bread
,
by
which
208
poor
People
are
served
every
Sunday
,
as
appears
by
his
Epitaph
.
James
Savage
gave
5
l.
yearly
,
for
ever
,
for
the
same
use
.
This
Church
,
Steeple
and
Gallery
,
was
Repair'd
,
New
Pew'd
and
Beautified
,
and
the
South
I
le
inlarged
by
the
Parishioners
,
with
the
assistance
of
several
Benefactors
,
amongst
which
several
of
the
Companies
of
London
contributed
166
l.
10
s.
Anno
1629.
XI
.
The
fair
and
large
Parish-Church
of
St.
Giles
Cripplegate
,
is
without
the
Postern
in
Cripplegate-ward
,
which
was
burnt
1545.
37.
H.
8.
In
it
were
divers
Monuments
,
amongst
which
we
must
not
forget
John
Fox
the
learned
,
godly
and
famous
Author
of
the
Book
of
Martyrs
,
an
indefatigable
Searcher
into
Antiquity
,
and
a
most
faithful
Assertor
and
Defender
of
Gospel-Truth
,
who
revived
the
Marian
Martyrs
,
as
it
were
Phoenixes
,
from
their
ashes
.
He
lies
Interred
in
this
Church
,
and
dyed
the
18
of
April
,
Anno
1587.
(
that
is
,
in
this
present
year
1681
,
94
years
ago
)
in
the
70th
year
of
his
Age
,
in
whose
Memorial
his
eldest
Son
,
Samuel
Fox
,
upon
a
very
fair
Marble
Stone
on
the
end
of
the
South-wall
of
the
Chancel
,
placed
his
Epitaph
,
which
we
shall
insert
,
though
we
are
sure
his
Name
will
ever
live
in
that
Never-dying
Monument
(
his
stupendious
and
most
elaborate
Work
,
viz.
his
great
Martyrology●
to
all
succeeding
Generations
.
The
substance
of
his
Epitaph
you
have
before
in
English
,
but
take
it
in
Latin
too
.
CHRISTO
S.
S.
JOhanni
Foxo
,
Ecclesiae
Anglicanae
Martyrolog●
Fidelissimo
,
Antiquitatis
Historicae
Indagato●●
Sagacissimo
,
Evangelicae
Veritatis
propugnator●
acerrimo
,
Thaumaturgo
admirabili
;
Qui
Martyres
Marianos
,
tanquam
Phoenices
,
ex
cineribus
redivivos
praestitit
.
Patri
suo
omni
pietatis
officio
imprimis
colendo
,
Samuel
Foxus
illius
primogenitus
,
hoc
Monumentum
posuit
,
non
sine
lachrymis
.
Obiit
die
18
Mens
.
April
.
An.
Dom.
1587.
ja●●
Septuagenarius
Vita
vitae
mortalis
est
,
Spes
vitae
immortalis
.
There
is
a
fair
Plate
Engraven
on
a
fair
Stone
in
the
Chancel
under
the
above
Monument
,
where
he
lies
buried
with
these
Verses
:
Sacra
sub
hoc
saxo
tria
Corpora
mista
quiescant
,
Gulielmi
Bullen
Medici
,
Fratrisque
Richardi
,
Ac
Johannis
Foxi
:
qui
tres
,
mihi
,
crede
,
fuerunt
Doctrina
clari
,
rari
&
pictatis
alumni
.
Gulielmus
Bullen
Medicamina
semper
habebat
,
Aeque
pauperibus
danda
,
ac
locupletibus
aeque
.
Sicque
Richardus
erat
,
benefacere
,
&
,
ipse
paratus
,
Omnibus
ex
aequo
quibus
ipse
prodesse
valebat
.
At
Foxus
noster
per
multas
hos
Parasangas
,
Vita
praecurrit
,
studiisque
accedimus
omnes
.
Extant
quae
scripsit
tormenta
cruenta
piorum
,
Extans
perdocte
permulta
volumina
scripta
,
Quae
scripsit
Foxus
:
Nulli
fuit
ipse
secundus
.
Obiit
An.
Dom.
1587.
Apr.
18.
Though
the
Learned
need
no
interpretation
of
these
Verses
,
yet
for
the
satisfaction
of
the
English
Reader
,
I
will
adventure
to
paraphrase
them
,
having
a
great
Veneration
for
the
Memory
of
this
good
man
,
to
whom
all
Protestants
in
Europe
are
so
much
beholden
.
This
is
what
English
my
Extemporary
Muse
can
give
them
:
Three
Sacred
Corps
beneath
this
Stone
do
rest
;
Of
William
Bullen
,
who
with
skill
profest
Physick
;
with
Richard
his
dear
Brother
,
and
John
Fox
:
No
three
more
famous
in
the
Land
.
Of
pious
Doctrine
they
Promoters
were
;
In
Life
and
Holiness
Examples
rare
.
Bullen
had
Med'cines
for
the
free
Relief
Of
Poor
and
Rich
to
ease
them
of
their
Grief
.
Richard
was
still
a
ready
Benefactor
,
For
common
good
,
where
he
would
be
an
Actor
.
But
our
Great
FOX
,
did
largely
these
out-do
In
course
of
Life
,
and
lib'ral
Studies
too
.
His
Works
are
extant
,
where
he
did
describe
,
Saints
cruel
Torments
,
by
a
hellish
Tribe
.
The
Learning
in
his
pious
Volumes
shown
,
Do
still
proclaim
him
,
Second
unto
None
.
On
the
same
Stone
are
these
words
,
Here
lieth
buried
William
Bullen
,
who
dyed
the
17th
of
January
,
1576.
Vnder
this
Stone
sleepeth
the
Body
of
Richard
Bullen
,
a
Faithful
Servant
and
Preacher
of
Jesus
Christ
,
and
was
buried
the
16th
of
October
,
Anno
Dom.
1563.
Roger
Mason
of
this
Parish
,
Citizen
and
Vintner
,
gave
to
the
Poor
of
this
Parish
200
l.
wherewith
a
yearly
Rent
of
about
16
l.
per
Annum
,
is
purchased
for
ever
,
to
be
bestowed
on
ten
Gowns
of
Black
Cloth
lined
,
to
be
Yearly
given
to
ten
Poor
Men
of
Freedom
of
this
Parish
,
upon
All-Saints-day
;
he
dyed
the
Third
of
September
1603
,
Aged
thirty
seven
Years
.
William
Day
Citizen
and
Vintner
of
London
,
gave
to
the
Poor
of
this
Parish
Eighty
pound
,
with
which
the
Yearly
Rent
of
six
pound
is
purchased
for
ever
,
to
be
bestowed
upon
twelve
Coats
of
Green
Cloth
,
for
twelve
Poor
Orphans
upon
All-Saints-day
.
Other
Benefactors
were
Thomas
Busby
Cooper
,
who
gave
fourty
Dozen
of
Wheaten
Bread
,
and
four
Loads
of
Charcoal
to
the
Poor
for
ever
Yearly
.
Mr.
Blighton
Butcher
,
gave
forty
Dozen
of
Wheaten
Bread
,
and
two
Loads
of
Charcoals
to
be
Yearly
distributed
.
Mr.
Charles
Langley
Brewer
,
gave
twenty
Gowns
for
Men
and
Women
,
and
twenty
Shirts
for
twenty
other
Men
,
and
twenty
Smocks
for
twenty
Women
Yearly
for
ever
on
All-Saints-day
,
and
a
remainder
of
money
to
be
given
amongst
the
Poor
people
that
day
,
and
forty
shillings
also
that
day
allowed
for
a
Sermon
.
Mrs.
Ann
Harvist
,
gave
forty
Tenements
of
twenty
pound
Yearly
Rent
,
to
be
distributed
quarterly
to
twenty
Poor
Widows
by
five
shillings
a
quarter
each
.
Mr.
Robert
Smith
,
gave
four
Bibles
in
Octavo
,
well
buffed
and
bossed
,
to
four
Poor
Mens
Children
,
such
as
can
best
deserve
them
by
Reading
,
to
be
given
every
Easter
for
ever
.
(
A
very
good
Act.
)
As
also
,
fifty
two
Dozen
of
Wheaten
Bread
,
every
Week
one
Dozen
for
ever
.
Mr.
Richard
Hanbury
and
Mr.
Richard
Bud
,
gave
six
Common
Prayer
Books
,
and
fifty
Dozen
of
Wheaten
Bread
,
in
the
same
manner
to
be
distributed
.
Mr.
Roger
Bellow
,
Brewer
,
gave
twenty
pound
per
annum
,
of
which
ten
pound
Yearly
to
the
Poor
,
and
ten
pound
to
be
reserved
to
purchase
Land
for
the
Relief
of
the
Poor
.
Here
is
also
the
Monument
of
John
Speed
,
the
famous
Geographer
and
Historian
,
who
dyed
July
28.
1629
,
in
his
seventy
eighth
Year
.
As
also
his
Wife
Susanna
,
who
was
his
Wife
57
Years
,
and
had
by
her
twelve
Sons
and
six
Daughters
;
who
dyed
in
her
seventieth
Year
,
the
twenty
eighth
of
March
1628.
Here
are
divers
other
Monuments
,
but
for
brevity
we
omit
them
.
XII
.
The
Parish-Church
called
St.
Olave
Southwark
,
stands
on
the
bank
of
the
River
Thames
in
Bridge-Ward-without
,
the
Parish
,
is
large
.
And
in
the
Church
there
are
some
Monuments
;
amongst
the
rest
,
one
for
Queen
Elizabeth
.
XIII
.
The
Fair
Church
called
St.
Mary
Overy
,
(
or
over
the
Rie
,
that
is
,
over
the
River
)
vulgarly
called
S●viours
Southwark
,
was
formerly
a
Priory
.
For
from
a
House
of
Nuns
,
it
was
converted
into
a
Colledge
of
Priests
.
And
Anno
1106
Founded
again
for
Canons
Regular
.
William
Gifford
Bishop
of
Winchester
,
builded
the
body
of
the
Church
Anno
1106.
7
H.
1.
It
was
surrendred
to
Henry
VIII
.
in
the
thirty
first
of
his
Reign
.
Oct.
27.
Anno
1539
,
valued
at
624
l.
6.
s.
6.
d.
per
annum
.
The
Inhab●tants
of
the
Burrough
in
December
following
,
purchased
the
Church
of
the
Priory
,
of
the
King
;
whereof
they
made
a
Parish-Church
,
for
the
Parish-Church
of
St.
Mary
Magdalen
,
on
the
South-side
of
the
Quire
out
of
St.
Margarets
on
the
Hill
,
which
were
made
one
Parish
of
St.
Saviour
.
In
it
there
be
divers
Monuments
;
as
of
John
Gower
a
Famous
Poet
,
and
a
great
Benefactor
to
this
Church
,
who
lived
in
the
times
of
Edward
the
III.
and
R.
II.
The
Monument
of
that
Famous
and
Learned
Bishop
Andrews
,
who
dyed
in
the
Eleventh
of
Charles
the
I.
Anno
1626
,
Aged
Seventy
one
Years
.
Here
is
likewise
a
very
Fair
Monument
of
Dr.
Loclyer
,
that
Famous
Physitiar
.
There
are
also
divers
bountiful
Benefactors
to
the
Poor
of
this
Parish
;
and
other
Pious
Uses
.
This
is
a
Stately
and
Spacious
Church
,
and
has
been
from
time
to
time
kept
in
good
Repair
,
and
with
much
cost
has
received
many
Graceful
and
Useful
Additions
.
Here
is
a
Monument
of
Queen
Elizabeth
,
with
these
Verses
:
ELIZABETHA
REGINA
.
St.
Peters
Church
at
Westminster
,
Her
Sacred
Body
doth
inter
.
Her
Glorious
Soul
with
Angels
sings
.
Her
Deed●
live
Patterns
here
for
Kings
,
Her
Love
in
every
heart
hath
Room
,
This
only
shadows
forth
her
Tomb.
XIV
.
The
Fair
Parish-Church
of
St.
Sepulchres
stands
without
Newgate
,
in
a
Fair
Church-Yard
;
but
of
late
much
Inc●oached
upon
,
as
being
part
of
it
Lett
out
for
Buildings
,
and
a
Garden-Plat
.
This
Church
was
Re-built
about
the
Reign
of
Henry
the
V.
or
Edward
the
IV.
one
of
the
Pophams
was
a
great
Builder
there
,
namely
of
one
Fair
Chappel
on
the
South-side
of
the
Quire
,
as
appeareth
by
his
Arms
there
,
&c.
Here
are
divers
Monuments
.
There
has
been
much
money
spent
in
Repairs
upon
this
Church
.
In
it
there
is
an
Excellent
Organ
,
and
a
very
good
Ring
of
Bells
.
It
is
in
Farringdon-Ward-without
.
XV.
Anno
1552.
The
Citizens
of
London
having
purchased
the
void
suppressed
Hospital
of
St.
Thomas
in
Southwark
,
in
the
Month
of
July
,
began
the
Reparations
thereof
for
Poor
,
Impotent
,
Lame
and
Diseased
People
,
so
that
in
November
next
following
,
the
Sick
and
Poor
People
were
taken
in
.
The
Church
of
this
Hospital
,
remaineth
as
a
Parish-Church
for
the
Inhabitants
thereabout
,
by
the
Name
of
St.
Thomas
Southwark
.
The
Steeple
was
Repaired
,
New
Leaded
,
and
from
the
Ground
to
the
Top
,
Coated
with
a
Beautiful
Rough-Cast
,
and
Inriched
with
a
very
Fair
Turret
in
the
Year
1633.
It
is
in
Bridge-Ward-without
.
XVI
.
In
Portsoken-Ward
is
the
small
Parish-Church
called
Trinity
Minories
,
there
was
first
a
Monastery
of
Nuns
of
the
Order
of
Sancta-Clara
,
called
the
Minories
,
Founded
by
Edmond
Earl
of
Lancaster
,
Leicester
,
and
Derby
,
Brother
to
Edward
the
I.
Anno
1293.
Which
was
Demolished
in
King
Henry
the
Eighths
Thirtieth
Year
,
Anno
1539.
There
were
built
Store-Houses
for
Armour
and
other
Martial
Habiliments
,
with
divers
Work-Houses
for
that
purpose
,
and
near
it
,
this
Church
for
the
Inhabitants
;
who
at
several
times
Repaired
and
Beautified
it
.
In
the
Body
of
this
Church
is
a
Monument
with
this
Inscription
:
Vivere
Cornices
multos
dicuntur
in
annos
,
Cur
vos
Angusta
conditione
sumus
.
We
shall
now
proceed
to
the
out
Parishes
in
Middlesex
and
Surrey
.
I.
As
to
Christ's-Church
,
we
refer
the
Reader
to
another
place
,
where
he
shall
have
a
fuller
account
than
we
can
give
here
.
II.
The
Parish-Church
of
St.
John
at
Hackney
,
is
an
antient
and
handsom
Church
,
and
kept
in
good
Repair
;
there
are
divers
Monuments
in
it
,
but
our
Discourse
being
Principally
of
the
City
of
Londo●
it
cannot
be
expected
,
that
we
should
enlarge
much
more
than
the
bare
mention
of
generals
,
having
things
much
more
Material
,
that
require
our
dispatch
.
But
the
Fair
Parish-Church
of
III.
St.
Giles
in
the
Fields
,
is
a
very
Neat
and
well
built
Parish-Church
,
in
a
handsom
Church-Yard
.
It
was
formerly
an
Hospital
,
Founded
by
Queen
Matilda
,
Wife
to
King
Henry
the
I.
about
the
Year
1117.
at
which
Prisoners
,
convey'd
from
London
to
Tyburn
to
be
Executed
,
were
presented
with
a
great
Bowl
of
Ale
,
thereof
to
Drink
at
pleasure
,
as
to
be
their
last
Refreshing
in
this
Life
.
In
this
Church
are
several
Monuments
.
It
began
to
be
Raised
a
New
,
Anno
1623
,
and
was
Finished
in
two
Years
,
and
incompass'd
with
a
Fair
Brick-Wall
in
the
Year
1631.
To
which
there
were
many
good
and
great
Benefactors
,
many
of
whom
would
be
concealed
.
This
is
a
very
large
Parish
,
and
(
next
to
St.
Giles
Cripple-gate
and
Stepney
)
is
reputed
to
be
the
most
Populous
in
England
,
(
if
not
in
Europe
;
)
it
being
thought
by
such
as
have
made
an
Estimate
,
that
it
contains
above
100000
Souls
,
besides
Strangers
,
who
are
very
Numerous
.
IV.
The
Parish-Church
called
St.
James
Clerkenwell
,
in
the
North-West
Suburbs
,
was
formerly
a
Priory
,
so
called
of
Clark's
-
Well
adjoyning
.
It
is
a
handsom
large
Church
with
divers
Antient
and
some
Modern
Monuments
.
And
it
had
sundry
Benefactors
.
William
Hern
a
Master
of
Defence
,
and
Yeoman
of
the
Guard
1580
,
gave
Lands
and
Tenements
to
the
Cloathworkers
in
London
,
they
to
pay
Yearly
for
ever
fourteen
pound
to
the
Church-Wardens
of
Clerkenwel
,
and
fourteen
pound
to
the
Church-wardens
of
St.
Sepulchres
,
towards
Reparation
of
those
Churches
,
and
Relief
of
Poor
Men.
More
he
gave
after
the
Death
of
one
Man
,
eight
pound
a
Year
for
ever
,
to
the
mending
of
High-Ways
.
Thomas
Sackford
Esq
one
of
the
Masters
of
Requests
,
gave
to
the
Poor
of
that
Parish
forty
shillings
a
Year
for
ever
,
out
of
his
Alms-House
at
Woodbridge
in
Suffolk
,
where
he
is
buried
.
Henry
Stoke
,
Gardiner
,
buried
there
,
gave
twenty
shillings
a
Year
for
ever
,
towards
Reparation
of
that
Church
.
The
Priory
was
valued
to
dispend
262
l.
9.
s.
per
annum
,
and
was
surrendred
30
H.
VIII
.
and
is
now
a
Parish-Church
.
It
was
Repaired
after
the
fall
of
its
Steeple
,
which
spoil'd
a
great
part
of
the
Church
,
and
finished
,
Anno
1627.
at
the
cost
of
1400
l.
V.
The
Parish-Church
called
St.
Katharine-Tower
,
because
near
the
Tower
of
London
.
On
the
East-side
was
an
Hospital
of
St.
Katharine
,
Founded
by
Queen
Matilda
Wife
to
King
Stephen
.
There
lye
buryed
(
besides
many
others
)
in
this
Church
,
the
Countess
of
Huntington
,
Countess
of
the
March
in
her
time
,
1429.
John
Holland
,
Duke
of
Exeter
,
and
Earl
of
Huntington
1447
,
and
his
two
Wives
,
in
a
Fair
Tomb
,
Thomas
Walsingham
Esq
and
Thomas
Ballard
Esq
by
him
1465.
This
Church
was
Repaired
,
and
throughout
Trimmed
and
Beautified
,
Anno
1618.
Inlarged
with
a
Fair
Gallery
1621.
The
Walls
and
out-side
cloathed
with
a
Beautiful
Rough-Cast
,
at
the
Charge
of
Sr.
Julius
Caesar
,
Anno
1626.
Mr.
Stephen
Scudamore
,
Citizen
and
Vintner
of
London
,
gave
20
s.
per
annum
,
to
be
bestowed
in
Fuel
amongst
the
Poor
for
ever
.
Mr.
John
Boum
,
Baker
,
gave
5
l.
per
annum
,
to
be
bestowed
in
Bread
among
the
Poor
for
fourty
Years
.
VI.
In
the
Church
at
Lambeth
,
are
very
many
Monuments
,
which
for
brevity
we
pretermit
.
VII
.
The
Arch-Deacon
of
London
is
always
Parson
of
St.
Leonard
Shore-Ditch
,
and
the
Cure
is
served
by
a
Vicar
.
There
were
divers
Honorable
Persons
buried
there
;
and
there
were
many
Bountiful
Benefactors
to
the
Church
and
Poor
.
John
Fuller
of
Bishops-Hall
Esq
gave
a
Sum
of
Money
for
the
Building
of
twelve
Alms-Houses
,
for
twelve
Poor
Widdows
of
this
Parish
;
who
receive
fifty
pound
per
annum
of
his
Gift
.
William
Peak
Esq
gave
two
shillings
a
Week
to
be
distributed
in
Bread
for
ever
on
Sundays
.
Robert
Brainforth
,
Gentleman
,
gave
eight
pound
Yearly
for
ever
to
the
Poor
.
Thomas
Russel
,
Draper
,
gave
twelve
pence
Weekly
for
ever
,
to
be
paid
by
the
Drapers
.
George
Clark
,
gave
to
the
Poor
one
hundred
Marks
in
Money
,
&c.
VIII
.
The
Parish-Church
of
St.
Magdalen
Bermondsey
,
was
built
by
the
Priors
of
Bermondsey
,
near
the
Abby
of
Bermondsey
,
which
was
surrendred
to
King
Henry
the
VIII
,
it
was
much
enlarged
,
Anno
1608
,
at
the
Charge
of
860
l.
so
that
it
became
(
and
is
)
a
Fair
Church
.
IX
.
The
Church
of
St.
Mary
Istington
.
And
,
X.
The
Parish-Church
of
St.
Mary
Newington
,
are
Fair
Parishes
,
with
some
Monuments
,
but
being
so
Remote
,
we
pretermit
them
.
XI
.
St.
Mary
White-Chappel
is
as
it
were
a
Chappel
of
Ease
to
Stepney-Parish
,
and
the
Parson
of
Stepney
hath
the
Gift
of
it
,
't
is
a
handsom
Church
and
in
good
Repair
.
There
are
some
few
handsom
Monuments
in
it
.
XII
.
The
Parish-Church
of
St.
Pauls
in
upper
Shadwel
,
was
also
lately
made
a
Parish-Church
;
the
Parish
being
too
Numerous
for
the
Church
of
Stepney
.
It
is
a
handsom
Church
with
a
large
Church-Yard
,
and
the
Parish
very
Populous
.
XIII
.
In
the
Parish-Church
of
Rotherhith
(
vulgarly
Redriff
)
are
some
Monuments
also
.
It
is
a
pretty
handsom
convenient
Church
.
XIV
.
The
Parish-Church
of
Stepney
is
indifferent
capacious
,
yet
too
too
narrow
for
the
Inhabitants
,
it
being
the
most
populous
Parish
in
England
,
as
appears
by
our
Bills
of
Mortality
,
and
of
a
great
Extent
.
There
are
divers
Monuments
in
it
;
and
some
of
great
Antiquity
.
Now
we
shall
speak
of
the
Churches
in
the
City
and
Liberties
of
Westminster
.
I.
The
Parish-Church
of
St.
Clements
Danes
near
Temple-Bar
,
is
so
called
,
because
one
Harold
,
a
Danish
King
,
and
other
Danes
,
were
buried
there
.
It
was
in
the
Liberties
of
the
Dutchy
of
Lancaster
.
This
was
a
fair
Church
,
and
likely
;
ere
long
,
to
exceed
its
former
beauty
.
Here
were
several
curious
Monuments
.
And
't
is
a
populous
Parish
,
full
of
handsom
Buildings
.
II.
St.
Pauls
Covent-Garden
is
a
very
handsom
and
a
delicate
Church
,
of
no
great
Antiquity
,
yet
a
populous
Parish
.
III.
St.
Martins
in
the
Fields
is
a
spacious
Church
,
and
the
Parish
wonderful
populous
.
In
it
are
divers
fair
Monuments
,
and
of
several
Persons
of
Honor
,
which
are
too
tedious
to
be
recited
,
only
for
the
pithiness
,
I
shall
insert
one
Distich
upon
Charles
Blount
,
an
Infant
,
2d
Son
to
the
Earl
of
Newport
.
Vivus
nil
poteram
fari
,
quin
mortuus
Infans
,
Ecce
loquor
,
Mortis
sis
memor
,
atque
vale
.
Which
I
shall
English
,
without
minding
the
Slavery
of
Rhiming
:
Living
I
could
not
speak
,
an
Infant
dead
,
Behold
I
speak
,
Mind
Death
,
and
so
farewel
.
IV.
After
the
Savoy-House
was
burnt
by
the
Kentish
and
Essex
Rebels
,
for
Malice
to
John
of
Gaunt
Duke
of
Lancaster
,
which
for
beauty
and
stateliness
none
in
the
Kingdom
could
then
compare
with
,
as
from
Antiquity
we
learn
;
it
came
to
the
Kings
hands
,
and
was
Re-built
,
and
made
an
Hospital
of
St.
John
Baptist
,
by
King
Henry
VII
.
about
the
year
1509.
for
which
he
purchased
Lands
,
to
relieve
an
100
poor
People
;
it
being
valued
to
spend
529
l.
15
s.
per
Annum
,
was
suppressed
in
Edward
the
Sixth's
Time
;
the
Beds
,
Bedding
,
and
Furniture
thereof
,
and
700
Marks
of
the
said
Land
yearly
given
to
the
Citizens
of
London
,
with
his
House
of
Bridewel
for
a
Work-house
for
poor
and
idle
Persons
,
and
towards
furnishing
the
Hospital
of
St.
Thomas
Southwark
.
The
Chapel
of
this
Hospital
serveth
now
for
a
Parish-Church
to
the
places
adjoining
,
called
St.
Mary
Savoy
;
in
it
are
divers
Monuments
.
The
Benefactors
to
it
,
are
Registred
in
a
Book
kept
there
,
which
are
too
many
to
be
inserted
in
our
small
Volume
.
V.
The
Parish-Church
of
St.
Margarets
Westminster
is
a
sumptuous
and
stately
Church
,
Rebuilt
by
King
Edward
the
Confessor
,
for
the
Ease
and
Commodity
of
the
Monks
of
Westminster
,
because
before
that
time
the
Parish-Church
stood
within
the
old
Abby
Church
in
the
South
I
le
,
somewhat
to
their
annoyance
.
It
was
new
built
again
by
the
Merchants
of
the
Staple
,
and
Parishion●●
of
Westminster
,
and
is
now
,
as
was
said
,
a
very
fair
Parish-Church
,
with
very
strong
and
beautiful
Galleries
,
where
,
in
Parliament-time
,
the
Honourable
House
of
Commons
sit
,
&c.
in
it
are
divers
fair
Monuments
of
Persons
of
Quality
.
Having
given
a
brief
Account
of
the
Churches
within
the
Weekly
Bills
of
Mortality
,
reserving
some
Additions
,
especially
relating
to
their
Modern
Estate
,
and
the
Re-building
of
those
demolished
by
the
great
Fire
,
to
another
place
;
and
omitting
particular
Chapels
,
of
which
there
are
many
,
and
the
contiguous
Churches
round
about
London
,
(
because
not
so
immediately
relating
to
the
Design
in
hand
)
we
shall
proceed
to
treat
of
Hospitals
,
especially
the
most
Eminent
.
NEW
BEDLAM
.
BRIDE
WELL.
SECT.
3.
Of
HOSPITALS
,
&c.
1.
CHrists-Hospital
was
founded
by
that
Pious
King
Edward
VI.
upon
this
occasion
,
which
being
so
Remarkable
,
we
shall
recount
from
Mr.
Stow
and
others
.
Dr
▪
Ridley
,
then
Bishop
of
London
,
Preached
before
the
King's
Majesty
at
Westminster
,
in
which
Sermon
he
made
a
fruitful
and
godly
Exhortation
to
the
Rich
,
to
be
merciful
to
the
Poor
;
and
also
to
move
such
as
were
in
Authority
,
to
act
by
some
charitable
way
and
means
to
relieve
them
.
Whereupon
the
King's
Majesty
,
(
being
a
Prince
of
Towardness
and
Virtue
for
his
years
,
as
England
before
never
brought
forth
,
and
being
also
so
well
retained
and
brought
up
in
all
godly
knowledge
,
as
well
by
his
de●r
Uncle
,
the
late
Protector
,
Edward
Seymour
.
Duke
of
Sommerset
,
as
also
by
his
virtuous
Schoolmasters
)
was
so
careful
of
the
good
Government
of
the
Realm
.
and
chiefly
to
do
and
prefer
such
things
as
most
especially
touched
the
Honour
of
Almighty
God
.
And
understanding
that
a
great
number
of
poor
People
did
swarm
in
the
Realm
,
and
chiefly
in
the
City
of
London
,
and
that
no
good
order
was
taken
for
them
,
did
suddenly
(
and
of
himself
)
send
to
the
said
Bishop
,
as
soon
as
his
Sermon
was
ended
,
willing
him
not
to
depart
,
until
he
had
spoken
with
him
.
And
this
that
I
now
write
(
saith
Mr.
Sto●
)
was
the
very
Report
of
the
said
Bishop
Ridley
,
who
(
according
to
the
King's
Command
)
gave
his
attendance
.
And
as
soon
as
the
King's
Majesty
was
at
leisure
,
he
called
for
him
,
and
caused
him
to
come
to
him
in
a
great
Gallery
at
Westminster
,
where
no
person
was
present
but
they
two
,
and
therefore
made
〈◊〉
sit
down
in
one
Chair
,
and
He
Himself
in
another
,
which
before
the
coming
of
the
Bishop
were
there
purposely
set
,
and
caused
the
Bishop
,
notwithstanding
his
unwillingness
,
to
be
covered
,
and
then
entered
communication
with
him
,
in
this
manner
:
First
giving
him
hearty
Thanks
for
his
Sermon
and
good
Exhortation
;
He
therein
rehearsed
such
special
things
as
he
had
Noted
,
and
that
so
many
,
that
the
Bishop
said
,
Truely
,
truely
,
(
for
that
was
commonly
his
saying
)
I
could
never
have
thought
that
excellency
to
have
been
in
His
Grace
,
but
that
I
beheld
and
heard
it
in
him
.
At
last
the
King's
Ma●esty
much
commended
him
for
his
Exhortation
,
for
the
Relief
of
the
Poor
.
But
my
Lord
(
quoth
he
)
you
willed
such
as
are
in
Authority
to
be
careful
thereof
,
and
to
devise
some
good
Order
for
their
Relief
;
wherein
I
think
you
mean
Me
,
for
I
am
in
Highest
Place
,
and
therefore
am
the
first
that
must
make
Answer
to
God
for
my
Negligence
if
I
should
not
be
careful
therein
,
knowing
it
to
be
the
express
Commandment
of
Almighty
God
,
to
have
compassion
of
his
poor
and
needy
Members
,
for
whom
we
must
make
an
Account
unto
Him
.
And
truely
,
my
Lord
,
I
am
(
before
all
things
else
)
most
willing
to
travel
that
way
,
and
I
doubt
nothing
of
your
long
and
approved
Wisdom
and
Learning
,
but
that
you
having
such
good
Zeal
as
wisheth
help
unto
them
,
have
also
had
some
conference
with
others
,
what
ways
are
best
to
be
taken
therein
,
and
therefore
I
pray
you
to
say
your
mind
.
Which
Speech
being
so
truely
Virtuous
and
Noble
in
so
young
a
Prince
,
deserves
an
everlasting
Record
.
The
Bishop
thinking
least
of
that
matter
,
and
being
amazed
to
hear
the
Wisdom
and
earnest
Zeal
of
the
King
,
was
(
as
he
said
himself
)
so
astonished
,
That
he
could
not
tell
what
to
say
.
But
after
some
pause
,
said
,
That
he
thought
(
at
this
present
)
for
some
entrance
to
be
had
,
it
were
good
to
practise
with
the
City
of
London
,
because
the
Number
of
the
Poor
there
are
very
great
,
and
the
Citizens
also
very
many
and
wise
;
and
he
doubted
not
,
but
they
were
also
both
pitiful
and
merciful
;
as
the
Mayor
,
and
his
Brethren
,
and
other
the
Worshipful
of
the
said
City
:
And
that
if
it
would
please
the
Kings
Majesty
to
direct
His
Gracious
Letters
unto
the
Mayor
of
London
,
willing
him
to
call
unto
him
such
Assistants
as
he
should
think
meet
,
to
consult
of
this
matter
;
for
some
Order
to
be
taken
therein
,
he
doubted
not
but
good
would
follow
thereon
;
and
he
himself
promised
the
King
to
be
one
himself
that
should
earnestly
travel
therein
.
The
King
(
forthwith
)
not
only
Granted
his
Letter
,
but
made
the
Bishop
tarry
until
the
same
was
written
,
and
his
Hand
and
Signet
set
thereto
;
and
commanded
the
Bishop
not
only
to
deliver
the
said
Letter
himself
,
but
also
to
signifie
unto
the
Mayor
,
that
it
was
the
Kings
especial
Request
and
express
Commandment
,
that
the
Mayor
should
therein
travel
;
and
so
soon
as
he
might
conveniently
,
give
him
knowledge
how
far
he
had
proceeded
therein
.
The
Bishop
was
so
joyous
at
the
having
this
Letter
,
that
now
he
had
occasion
to
travel
in
so
good
a
matter
,
wherein
he
was
marvellous
zealous
,
that
nothing
could
have
more
pleased
and
delighted
him
:
wherefore
the
same
Night
he
came
to
the
Lord
Mayor
of
London
,
who
was
then
Sir
Richard
Dobbs
Kt.
and
delivered
the
King's
Letter
,
and
shewed
his
Message
with
effect
.
The
Lord
Mayor
not
only
joyfully
received
this
Letter
,
but
with
all
speed
agreed
to
set
the
matter
forward
,
for
he
also
favoured
it
very
much
.
And
the
next
day
▪
being
Monday
,
he
desired
the
Bishop
of
London
to
dine
with
him
,
and
against
that
time
the
Mayor
promised
to
send
for
such
men
as
he
thought
meetest
to
talk
of
this
matter
,
and
so
he
did
.
He
sent
first
for
two
Aldermen
,
and
six
Commoners
,
and
afterwards
more
were
appointed
,
to
the
number
of
24.
In
the
end
,
after
sundry
Meetings
,
(
for
by
the
means
and
good
diligence
of
the
Bishop
it
was
well
followed
)
they
agreed
upon
a
Book
that
they
had
devised
,
wherein
first
they
considered
on
Nine
special
kinds
and
sorts
of
poor
People
,
and
those
they
brought
into
these
-
Three
degrees
,
-
1.
The
Poor
by
Impotency
.
-
2.
The
Poor
by
Casualty
.
-
3.
The
Thriftless
Poor
.
1.
The
Poor
by
Impotency
,
are
also
divided
into
three
kinds
,
-
viz.
-
1.
The
Fatherless
Poor
Mans
Child
.
-
2.
The
Aged
,
Blind
and
Lame
.
-
3.
The
Diseased
Person
,
by
Leprosie
,
Dropsie
,
&c.
2.
The
Poor
by
Casualty
,
are
likewise
of
3
kinds
;
-
that
is
to
say
,
-
1.
The
Wounded
Soldier
.
-
2.
The
Decayed
Housholder
.
-
3.
The
Visited
with
any
grievous
Disease
.
3.
The
Thriftless
Poor
,
are
three
kinds
in
like
manner
;
-
viz.
-
1.
The
Rioter
,
that
consumeth
all
.
-
2.
The
Vagabond
,
that
will
abide
in
no
place
.
-
3.
The
Idle
Person
,
as
Strumpets
,
and
others
.
For
these
three
sorts
of
Poor
,
three
several
Houses
were
provided
:
(
1.
)
For
the
Innocent
and
Fatherless
,
which
is
the
Beggars
Child
,
and
is
indeed
the
Seed
and
Breeder
of
Beggary
;
they
provided
the
House
that
was
the
late
Gray-Fryers
in
London
,
and
called
it
by
the
Name
of
Christs-Hospital
,
where
poor
Children
are
trained
up
in
the
knowledge
of
God
,
and
some
virtuous
Exercises
,
to
the
overthrow
of
Beggary
.
For
the
(2)
Degree
,
was
provided
the
Hospitals
of
St.
Thomas
in
Southwark
,
and
St.
Bartholomew
in
West-Smithfield
,
where
are
continually
at
least
200
Diseased
Persons
,
which
are
not
only
there
lodged
and
Cured
,
but
also
fed
and
nourished
.
For
the
(3)
Degree
,
they
provided
Bridewell
,
where
the
Vagabond
and
idle
Strumpet
is
chastised
,
and
compelled
to
labour
,
to
the
overthrow
of
the
vicious
life
of
Idleness
.
They
provided
also
for
the
honest
decayed
Housholder
,
that
he
should
be
relieved
at
home
at
his
House
,
and
in
the
Parish
where
he
dwelt
,
by
a
Weekly
Relief
and
Pension
.
And
in
like
manner
they
provided
for
the
Lazer
,
(
or
Leprous
Person
)
to
keep
him
out
of
the
City
from
Clapping
of
Dishes
,
and
Ringing
of
Bells
,
to
the
great
trouble
of
the
Citizens
,
and
also
to
the
dangerous
Infection
of
many
,
that
they
should
be
relieved
at
home
at
their
Houses
,
by
several
Pensions
.
Now
after
this
good
Order
taken
,
(
to
the
Eternal
Honour
of
this
Noble
City
)
and
the
Citizens
willing
to
further
the
same
,
the
Report
thereof
was
made
to
the
King
;
And
His
Majesty
,
for
the
Advancement
thereof
,
was
not
only
willing
to
grant
such
as
should
be
Overseers
and
Governors
of
the
said
Houses
,
a
Corporation
,
and
Authority
for
the
Government
of
them
:
but
also
required
,
that
he
might
be
accounted
as
the
Chief
Founder
and
Patron
thereof
.
And
for
the
furtherance
of
the
said
Work
,
and
continual
maintenance
of
the
same
,
He
,
of
his
meer
Mercy
and
Goodness
granted
,
that
whereas
(
before
)
certain
Lands
were
given
to
the
maintaining
of
the
House
of
the
Savoy
,
founded
by
King
Henry
VII
.
for
the
Lodging
of
Pilgrims
and
Strangers
,
and
that
the
same
was
now
made
but
a
Lodging
for
Loyterers
,
Vagabonds
and
Strumpets
,
that
lay
all
day
in
the
Fields
,
and
at
night
were
harboured
there
,
the
which
was
rather
the
maintenance
of
Beggary
,
than
any
Relief
to
the
Poor
:
gave
the
same
Lands
,
being
first
surrendred
by
the
Master
and
Fellows
there
,
(
which
Lands
were
of
the
yearly
value
of
600
l.
)
unto
the
City
of
London
,
for
the
maintenance
of
the
Foundation
aforesaid
.
And
for
a
further
Relief
,
a
Petition
being
made
to
the
King's
Majesty
,
for
a
Licence
to
take
in
Mortmaine
,
or
otherwise
without
Licence
,
Lands
to
a
certain
yearly
value
,
and
a
space
left
in
the
Patent
for
His
MAJESTY
,
to
put
in
what
Sum
He
pleased
:
He
looked
on
the
void
place
,
called
for
Pen
and
Ink
,
and
with
His
own
Royal
Hand
wrote
this
Sum
,
4000
Marks
by
the
year
,
(
which
is
2666
l.
13
s.
4
d.
and
with
the
former
600
l.
makes
in
all
3266
l.
13
s.
4
d.
)
and
then
said
,
in
the
hearing
of
his
Council
,
Lord
,
I
yield
thee
most
hearty
thanks
,
that
thou
hast
given
me
life
thus
long
,
to
finish
this
work
to
the
Glory
of
thy
Name
.
After
which
Foundation
established
,
he
lived
not
above
two
days
;
whose
life
would
have
been
wished
equal
to
the
Patriarchs
,
if
it
had
pleased
God
so
to
have
prolonged
it
.
He
dyed
at
Greenwich
the
6th
of
July
,
Anno
1553.
He
was
in
Body
beautiful
,
of
a
sweet
Aspect
,
and
specially
in
his
Eyes
,
which
seemed
to
have
a
starry
liveliness
and
lustre
in
them
.
For
his
pregnancy
of
Wit
and
Knowledge
in
all
kinds
of
Learning
,
Cardan
(
who
coming
into
England
,
had
often
conference
with
him
)
reporteth
of
him
,
that
he
was
extraordinary
skilful
in
Languages
,
and
in
the
Politicks
;
well
seen
in
Philosophy
,
and
in
Divinity
;
and
generally
indeed
,
a
very
Miracle
of
Art
and
Nature
.
He
would
answer
Ambassadors
sometimes
upon
the
sudden
,
either
in
French
or
Latin
.
He
knew
the
state
of
Foreign
Princes
perfectly
,
and
his
own
more
.
He
could
call
all
Gentlemen
of
Account
through
his
Kingdom
,
by
their
Names
.
And
all
this
,
when
he
had
scarce
yet
attained
to
the
Age
of
Fifteen
Years
,
and
dyed
before
Sixteen
.
That
from
hence
we
may
gather
,
It
is
a
sign
of
no
long
Life
,
when
the
Faculties
of
the
Mind
are
ripe
so
early
.
His
Pious
and
Religious
Life
was
Remarkable
,
as
may
be
seen
in
the
whole
series
of
it
;
and
his
Death
was
no
less
,
for
the
hour
before
he
dyed
,
he
was
over-heard
to
pray
thus
by
himself
:
O
Lord
God
,
deliver
me
out
of
this
miserable
and
wretched
life
.
O
Lord
,
thou
knowest
how
happy
it
were
for
me
to
be
with
thee
;
yet
for
thy
Chosen's
sake
,
if
it
be
thy
Will
,
send
me
life
and
health
,
that
I
may
truly
serve
thee
.
O
Lord
God
,
save
thy
chosen
People
in
England
,
and
defend
this
Realm
from
PAPISTRY
,
and
maintain
thy
true
Religion
,
that
I
and
my
People
may
praise
thy
Holy
Name
for
thy
Son
Jesus
Christ's
sake
.
So
turning
his
Face
,
and
seeing
some
by
him
,
he
said
,
I
thought
you
had
not
been
so
nigh
.
Yes
,
said
Dr.
Owen
,
we
heard
you
speak
to
your self
.
Then
,
said
the
King
,
I
was
praying
to
God
;
I
am
faint
,
Lord
have
mercy
upon
me
,
and
receive
my
Spirit
:
And
,
in
so
saying
,
his
blessed
Spirit
departed
,
to
take
possession
of
an
heavenly
Crown
,
when
he
had
enjoyed
an
earthly
Crown
,
six
years
,
five
months
,
and
nine
days
.
He
was
buried
the
9th
of
August
,
in
Henry
the
Seventh's
Chappel
at
Westminster
,
near
the
Body
of
the
said
King
Henry
the
Seventh
his
Grandfather
.
This
small
Digression
,
I
hope
,
will
not
be
unacceptable
to
all
true
Christians
,
being
in
memorial
of
that
Peerless
,
and
Never-enough
Bewailed
Prince
;
but
he
was
too
good
for
the
World
,
and
rests
now
in
endless
Happiness
.
In
the
year
1552
,
began
the
Repairing
of
the
Gray-Fryers
House
,
for
the
poor
Fatherless
Children
,
and
in
the
month
of
November
the
Children
were
taken
in
to
the
same
,
to
the
Number
of
almost
400.
On
Christmas-day
in
the
Afternoon
,
while
the
Lord
Mayor
and
Aldermen
Rode
to
Pauls
,
the
Children
of
Christs-Hospital
,
from
St.
Lawrence-lane
end
in
Cheapside
towards
Pauls
,
all
in
one
Livery
of
Russet-Cotton
,
Three
hundred
and
forty
in
Number
;
and
at
Easter
next
they
were
in
Blue
at
the
Spittle
,
and
so
they
have
continued
ever
since
,
but
they
were
this
Year
at
St.
Sepulchres
.
This
indeed
was
a
work
of
extraordinary
Piety
,
and
,
in
my
judgment
,
it
is
a
very
Comely
Sight
to
see
the
Poor
Boys
,
when
they
Sup
all
together
,
with
what
Decency
,
Order
and
Neatness
they
are
serv'd
and
Governed
,
by
the
respective
Persons
in
that
Office
;
how
plentifully
they
are
provided
with
good
Dyet
,
Washing
,
Lodging
,
and
Learning
,
to
fit
them
for
business
,
which
the
City
takes
care
to
settle
them
in
,
according
to
their
respective
Capacities
;
and
it
is
known
that
many
of
them
came
to
be
Men
of
Note
,
Wealth
,
and
great
Usefulness
in
their
Countrey
.
Christs-Hospital
,
Bridewel
and
St.
Thomas
are
Incorporated
,
by
the
Names
of
the
Mayor
,
Commonalty
,
and
Commons
of
the
City
of
London
,
Governors
of
the
Possessions
,
Revenues
and
Goods
of
the
Hospitals
of
Edward
King
of
England
,
the
Sixth
,
o●
Christ
,
Bridewel
,
and
St.
Thomas
the
Apostle●
&c.
St.
Bartholomew-Hospital
is
Incorporated
,
by
th●
Name
of
the
Mayor
,
Commonalty
,
and
Citizens
〈◊〉
the
City
of
London
,
Governors
of
the
Hospital
〈◊〉
the
Poor
,
called
,
Little
Saint
Bartholomews
,
near
to
West-Smithfield
,
of
the
Foundation
of
King
Henry
the
Eighth
.
In
the
Year
1533
,
the
10th
of
April
,
Sir
George
Barn●
(
being
Mayor
of
this
City
)
was
sent
for
to
the
Court
at
W●itehall
,
where
the
King
gave
him
(
〈◊〉
was
said
)
his
House
of
Bridewel
,
and
700
Marks
of
Land
,
late
belonging
to
Savoy
Hospital
,
and
all
the
Bedding
,
and
other
Furniture
,
&c.
for
Bridewel
,
and
St.
Thomas
in
Southwark
.
The
Gift
was
confirmed
by
Charter
,
dated
June
26.
following
.
And
in
the
Year
1555
,
Sir
William
Gerrard
Lord
Mayor
,
and
the
Aldermen
,
entred
Bridewel
,
and
took
possession
thereof
,
according
to
the
Gift
of
the
said
King
Edward
,
the
same
being
confirmed
by
Queen
Mary
.
This
Bridewel
,
is
now
bu●lt
in
a
very
curious
and
stately
manner
.
To
reckon
up
the
several
Eminent
and
Bountiful
Benefactors
to
these
Hospitals
,
would
be
endless
,
they
,
except
some
that
would
be
concealed
,
are
to
be
found
in
the
Records
of
those
places
,
to
which
the
Reader
is
referred
.
Only
it
being
a
very
singular
Example
of
Honesty
,
Industry
,
and
Piety
,
(
not
to
detract
in
the
least
,
from
any
Worthy
and
Bountiful
Benefactor
)
I
will
Remark
one
Richard
Castel
,
o●
Castell●r
,
Shoemaker
,
dwelling
in
Westminster
,
a
Man
of
great
labour
and
care
in
his
Faculty
with
his
own
hands
,
so
that
he
was
called
the
Cock
of
Westminster
,
because
both
Winter
and
Summer
he
was
at
his
Work
before
Four
a
Clock
in
the
morning
:
This
Man
thus
honestly
and
painfully
labouring
for
his
Living
,
God
blessed
and
increased
his
Labours
so
●bundantly
,
that
he
purchased
Lands
and
Tenements
●n
Westminster
,
to
the
yearly
value
of
44
l.
And
having
no
Child
,
with
the
consent
of
his
Wife
,
who
survived
him
,
and
was
a
virtuous
good
Woman
,
gave
the
same
L●●ds
wholly
to
Christs-Hospital
aforesaid
,
to
the
Relief
of
the
Innocent
and
Fatherless
Children
,
and
for
the
Succor
of
the
Miserable
,
Sore
and
Sick
,
harboured
in
other
Hospitals
about
London
.
Sir
William
Chester
Kt.
and
Alderman
of
London
,
and
John
Calthrop
Citizen
and
Draper
of
the
same
City
,
at
their
own
proper
Costs
and
Charges
,
●●ade
the
Brick-Walls
and
Way
on
the
Back-side
,
which
leadeth
from
the
said
New
Hospital
,
unto
the
Hospital
of
St.
Bartholomew
,
and
also
covered
and
vaulted
the
Town-Ditch
from
Aldersgate
to
Newgate
,
which
before
was
very
Noisom
and
Contagiou●
to
the
said
Hospital
.
Sir
Rowland
Hill
Lord
Mayor
,
in
the
3d
Year
of
this
King
,
besides
many
large
and
bountiful
Charities
on
other
things
,
gave
this
Hospital
500
l.
in
his
Life
,
and
100
l.
at
his
Death
.
In
the
Year
1552
,
the
Citizens
of
London
having
purchased
the
void
suppressed
Hospital
of
St.
Thomas
in
Southwark
,
in
the
Month
of
July
began
the
Reparations
thereof
,
for
Poor
,
Impotent
,
Lame
,
and
Diseased
People
,
so
that
in
November
following
the
Sick
and
Lame
were
taken
in
.
II.
Of
all
the
Hospitals
that
ever
were
Founded
in
Christendom
,
there
is
none
can
parallel
that
of
Thomas
Sutton
Esq
called
,
Sutton's
Hospital
,
which
will
commend
to
all
succeeding
Posterity
the
duely
deserved
Praises
of
that
truely
Worthy
,
and
Never-to-be-forgotten
Gentleman
,
the
Phoenix
of
Charity
in
our
Times
.
The
Dissolved
Charter-house
by
West-Smithfield
,
belonging
to
the
Right
Honourable
Thomas
Earl
of
Suffolk
,
after
Lord
Treasurer
of
England
,
is
sufficiently
known
to
be
a
very
large
and
goodly
Mansion
,
beautified
with
spacious
Gardens
,
Walks
,
Orchards
,
and
other
Pleasures
,
Enriched
with
divers
Dependencies
of
Lands
and
Tenements
thereunto
belonging
,
and
very
aptly
seated
for
wholesom
Air
,
and
several
other
Commodities
.
All
which
Commodiousness
of
Situation
,
and
largeness
of
Circuit
,
gave
occasion
to
this
well
minded
Gentleman
,
Mr.
Sutton
,
to
affect
that
House
,
as
the
only
Place
whereon
to
build
the
Foundation
of
his
Religious
Purpose
.
For
among
other
his
Christian
Determinations
,
he
had
formerly
intended
to
build
an
House
at
Hallingbury-Bouchers
in
Essex
,
to
be
an
Hospital
for
such
Poor
Men
and
Children
,
as
he
himself
in
his
life
time
(
or
future
Governors
for
the
same
to
be
Deputed
)
should
think
fit
to
be
Lodged
and
Relived
there
.
Also
for
a
School-Master
and
Vsher
,
to
Teach
Children
to
Read
,
and
Write
,
and
instruct
them
in
the
Latin
and
Greek
Grammar
,
with
a
Learned
Divine
likewise
,
to
Preach
the
Word
of
God
to
them
all
.
And
a
Master
beside
to
Govern
all
those
People
belonging
to
that
House
.
But
finding
this
Goodly
Mansion
of
the
Charter-House
,
to
be
much
more
convenient
for
the
purpose
,
he
became
an
earnest
Suitor
to
the
Earl
of
Suffolk
,
to
purchase
that
House
of
him
,
acquainting
his
Honour
with
the
alteration
of
his
mind
concerning
Hallingbury
,
and
his
earnest
Desire
to
make
the
Charter-House
the
Hospital
.
The
Earl
being
Honorably
inclin'd
to
so
Godly
a
motion
,
the
Price
being
concluded
on
,
the
Bargain
and
Sale
was
assured
.
The
Sum
disburs'd
for
this
purpose
amounted
to
13000
l.
which
was
Paid
down
in
hand
,
before
the
unsealing
of
the
Conveyance
.
Then
he
became
Suitor
again
to
his
Majesty
,
to
perform
all
that
,
at
the
Chartor-House
,
which
he
had
formerly
intended
at
Hallingbury
.
Whereto
the
King
readily
yielded
,
being
Graciously
affected
to
so
Charitable
a
Work
,
and
Granted
His
Letters
Patents
to
the
same
effect
.
This
Gentleman
lived
always
a
Batchelor
,
and
by
sundry
Employments
and
Parsimony
grew
to
great
Wealth
,
which
he
well
Employed
,
to
his
immortal
honnour
.
He
endowed
〈◊〉
Hospital
with
above
3000
l.
a
Year
in
Land
,
viz.
All
and
singular
the
Mannors
,
Lordships
,
Messuages
,
Lands
,
Tonements
,
Reversions
,
Services
,
Meadows
,
Pastures
,
Woods
,
Advowsons
,
Patronages
of
Churches
,
and
Hereditaments
of
the
said
Thomas
Sutton
whatsoever
,
Situate
,
lying
and
being
within
the
County
of
Essex
,
Lincoln
,
Wilts
,
Cambridg
,
and
Middlesex
,
or
in
any
of
them
,
with
all
and
every
of
their
Rights
,
Members
,
and
Appurtenances
whatsoever
.
Except
all
his
Mannors
and
Lordships
of
Littlebury
,
and
Haddestock
,
with
their
Appurtena●ces
in
the
County
of
Essex
.
In
this
Hospital
he
placed
Fourscore
Poor
Men
,
with
convenient
Lodging
,
Dyet
,
and
Allowance
of
Money
for
Apparel
;
also
Forty
Poor
Children
with
the
like
Provision
;
and
a
Grammar
School
,
with
a
Master
and
an
Vsher
to
Teach
them
:
over
all
whom
,
he
ordained
,
a
Learned
Man
to
be
Master
of
the
Houshold
,
to
be
chosen
by
the
Governors
whom
he
appointed
for
the
present
,
by
the
Authority
of
the
Kings
Letters
,
Patents
,
to
be
George
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
;
Thomas
Lord
Elsemore
Lord
Chancellor
;
Robert
Earl
of
Salisbury
Lord
Treasurer
,
John
Bishop
of
London
;
Lancelot
Bishop
of
Ely
,
Sir
Edward
Cook
,
Chief
Justice
of
the
Common
Pleas
;
Sir
Thomas
Foster
,
a
Judg
of
the
Common-Pleas
,
Sir
Henry
Hubbard
,
the
Kings
Attorney-General
,
Doctor
Overal
Dean
of
Pauls
;
Doctor
Mountain
,
Dean
of
Westminster
;
Henry
Thursby
Esq
Master
of
the
Chancery
;
Richard
Sutton
Esq
Auditor
of
the
Impress
;
Geoffery
Nightingale
Esquire
;
John
Low
Gentleman
;
Thomas
Brown
Gentleman
,
and
Master
of
the
Houshold
,
for
the
time
being
,
to
be
always
one
;
and
as
any
of
those
Sixteen
Governors
should
die
,
the
Survivors
to
make
present
Additions
of
others
.
Towards
the
building
of
this
Hospital
,
Chappel
and
School-House
,
he
gave
5000
l.
but
he
lived
not
to
see
it
performed
,
but
what
Death
bereft
him
of
,
he
left
to
the
performance
of
his
Faithful
Executors
,
Mr.
Richard
Sutton
,
and
Mr.
John
Low
,
Men
of
Religious
and
upright
Souls
,
who
carefully
accomplished
the
Work
,
so
that
the
Monday
after
Mich●●●mas
day
,
being
the
3
d
of
October
,
Anno
Dom.
1614.
The
Captains
,
Gentlemen
,
and
Officers
,
entered
into
their
Famous
prepared
Hospital
,
to
the
Glory
of
God
,
Honour
of
the
King's
Majesty
,
Credit
of
the
Governors
,
and
Joy
of
Honest
minds
,
and
the
Eternal
Fame
of
the
Noble
Founder
,
who
is
laid
in
a
goodly
Tomb
in
the
Chappel
of
his
own
Hospital
,
With
this
Inscription
:
Sacred
to
the
Glory
of
God
,
in
Grateful
Memory
of
Thomas
Sutton
Esquire
.
Here
lieth
buried
the
Body
of
Thomas
Sutton
,
late
of
Castel
Camps
,
in
the
County
of
Cambridge
Esq
at
whose
only
Costs
and
Charges
this
Hospital
was
Founded
,
and
Endued
with
large
Possessions
,
for
the
Relief
of
Poor
Men
and
Children
.
He
was
a
Gentleman
,
born
at
Knayth
in
the
County
of
Lincoln
,
of
Worthy
and
Honest
Parentage
.
He
lived
to
the
Age
of
79
Years
,
and
Deceased
the
12th
.
Day
of
December
,
Anno
Domini
1611.
Though
we
Design
to
avoid
all
Prolixity
,
yet
't
is
hoped
it
will
be
Pardoned
,
if
we
Transcribe
an
Epitaph
,
made
upon
this
Worthy
Man
,
by
a
Friend
to
Piety
and
Goodness
;
for
he
being
a
Rare
Example
,
challenges
,
as
his
due
Merit
,
a
more
than
ordinary
mention
.
When
bad
Men
die
,
the
Memory
Remains
Of
their
Corruptions
and
ungodly
ways
,
As
Merit
to
their
mis-applyed
pains
,
Out
of
ill
actions
forming
as
ill
praise
.
For
Vertue
wounded
by
their
deep
disgrace
,
Leaves
Fame
to
their
posterity
and
Race
.
When
Good
Men
die
,
the
Memory
remains
Of
their
true
Vertue
,
and
most
Christian
ways
,
As
a
due
Guerdon
to
their
Godly
gains
,
Out
of
good
Actions
forming
as
good
praise
.
For
Vertue
cherish'd
by
their
Deeds
of
Grace
,
Leaves
Fame
to
their
Posterity
and
Race
.
Among
these
Good
(
if
Goodness
may
be
said
To
be
among
the
seed
of
Mortal
Men
,
)
In
upright
Ballance
of
true
Merit
weigh'd
,
Needs
must
we
reckon
Famous
SUTTON
then
,
In
whom
,
as
in
a
Mirror
doth
appear
,
That
Faith
with
Works
in
him
did
shine
most
clear
.
And
let
us
not
,
as
is
a
common
use
,
Measure
him
by
a
many
other
more
;
In
Death
,
to
cover
their
bad
lifes
abuse
,
To
lanch
out
then
some
bounty
of
their
store
.
No
,
SUTTON
was
none
such
,
his
Hospital
,
And
much
more
else
beside
,
speaks
him
to
all
.
For
as
God
blest
him
with
abundant
Wealth
,
Like
to
a
careful
Steward
he
emplo'd
it
;
And
order'd
all
things
in
his
best
of
health
,
As
glad
to
leave
it
,
as
when
he
enjoy'd
it
.
And
being
prepared
every
hour
to
die
,
Disposed
all
his
Gifts
most
Christian●y
,
In
Abrahams
bosome
sleeps
he
with
the
blest
,
His
Works
,
they
follow
him
,
his
worth
survives
,
Good
Angels
guide
him
to
eternal
rest
,
Where
is
no
Date
of
time
,
for
Years
or
Lives
.
You
that
are
Rich
,
do
you
as
he
hath
done
,
And
so
assure
the
Crown
that
he
hath
wo●●
▪
To
conclude
in
a
word
,
this
Famous
Hospital
,
with
the
value
of
the
Lands
laid
into
it
,
the
Purchase
of
the
House
,
Stock
laid
in
,
(
which
he
hath
given
into
the
Treasury
,
or
Store
of
the
said
Hospital
to
begin
with
,
and
to
defend
the
Rights
of
the
House
,
being
1000
l.
)
and
Allowance
towards
the
Building
:
also
the
Remainder
of
his
Goods
unbequeathed
,
his
large
Gifts
and
Legacies
to
divers
Honorable
and
Worthy
Friends
,
besides
great
store
of
far
more
inferior
account
(
which
would
puzle
me
to
number
)
and
the
residue
of
20000
l.
left
to
the
discretion
of
his
Executors
,
may
truly
and
deservedly
be
said
,
to
be
the
very
greatest
and
most
bountiful
Gift
,
that
ever
was
given
in
England
,
no
Abbey
(
at
the
first
Foundation
thereof
)
excepted
,
or
therewith
to
be
compared
,
being
the
Gift
of
one
man
only
.
He
gave
to
the
Poor
in
Barwick
100
Marks
.
To
the
Poor
of
Stoke-Newington
10
l.
To
the
Poor
Fishermen
of
Ostend
in
Flanders
100
l.
To
the
mending
of
the
High-Ways
between
Islington
and
Newington
,
in
the
County
of
Middlesex
40
Marks
(
or
26
l.
13
s.
4
d.
)
To
the
mending
the
High-Ways
between
Ashden
and
Walden
,
called
Walden-lane
in
Essex
100
l.
To
the
mending
the
High-Ways
between
Great
Lynton
in
the
County
of
Cambridge
,
and
the
said
Town
of
Walden
60
l.
13
s.
4
d.
Towards
the
mending
of
Horseth-lane
60
l.
To
the
mending
of
the
Bridges
and
ordinary
High-Ways
between
South-Minster
and
Malden
in
Essex
100
l.
To
the
Chamber
of
London
1000
l.
to
be
Yearly
lent
to
Ten
young
Merchants
,
not
having
any
great
Stocks
of
their
own
:
and
those
Ten
to
be
appointed
by
the
Lord
Mayor
and
Aldermen
of
the
City
for
the
time
being
,
and
the
Dean
of
Pauls
:
they
are
〈◊〉
to
pay
any
Interest
for
it
,
nor
any
to
enjoy
it
but
〈◊〉
.
〈◊〉
the
Poor
People
of
Hadstock
20
l.
To
the
Poor
of
Littlebury
and
Balsham
40
l.
To
the
Parson
and
Church-Wardens
of
Balsham
for
the
time
being
,
towards
the
buying
a
Bell
,
to
be
hanged
up
in
the
Steeple
,
to
amend
the
Ring
there
20
l.
To
the
Poor
of
South-minster
20
l.
To
the
Poor
of
little
Hal●enbury
20
l.
To
the
Poor
of
Dunsby
,
in
the
County
of
Lincoln
20.
l.
To
the
Poor
Pri●●ers
in
the
Prisons
of
Ludgate
,
Newgate
,
the
two
●ompters
in
London
,
the
King's-Bench
,
the
〈◊〉
2000
l.
to
be
paid
and
divided
among
the
same
Prisoners
by
even
and
equal
portions
.
To
the
Master
,
Fellows
,
and
Scholars
of
the
Corporation
of
Jesus
College
in
Cambridge
500
Marks
▪
To
the
Master
,
Fellows
,
and
Scholars
of
the
Corporation
of
Magdalen
Colledge
in
Cambridge
,
500
l.
To
every
one
of
his
Fe●ffees
,
put
in
trust
about
his
〈◊〉
26
l.
13
s.
4
d.
To
the
Poor
of
Beverly
,
a
〈◊〉
in
Cottingham
.
To
the
Poor
of
Lincoln
,
a
Remainder
of
Years
in
the
Rectory
of
Glentham
in
the
County
of
Lincoln
.
To
Mr.
Hutton
,
Vicar
of
Littlebury
20
l.
To
the
Poor
of
●●mps
Castle
10
l.
To
the
Poor
of
Elcomb
10.
l.
To
Mr.
Floud
,
Parson
of
Newington
13
l.
6
s.
8
d.
To
the
Poor
of
the
Parish
of
Hackn●y
10
l.
with
several
others
,
&c.
And
so
much
for
Famous
SVTTON
and
his
Hospital
,
which
deserves
an
Eternal
MEMORIAL
.
III.
The
Hospital
of
St.
Mary
of
Bethlem
,
vulgarly
called
Bedlam
was
,
Founded
by
Simon
Fitz-Mary
,
one
of
the
Sheriffs
of
London
,
Anno
1246.
He
Founded
it
to
have
been
a
Priory
of
C●●ons
,
with
Brethren
and
Sisters
:
and
King
Edward
the
III.
granted
a
Protection
for
the
Brethren
,
Militiae
Beatae
Mariae
de
Bethlem
,
within
the
City
of
London
,
in
the
Fourteenth
of
his
Reign
.
But
it
was
〈◊〉
an
Hospital
for
Distracted
People
.
Stephen●●●●●nings
,
Merchant-Taylor
,
gave
40
l.
towards
〈◊〉
chase
of
the
Patronage
,
by
his
Testament
,
Anno
1523.
The
Mayor
and
Commonalty
purchased
it
with
all
the
Lands
and
Tenements
thereunto
belonging
,
in
the
Year
1546.
The
same
Year
King
Henry
the
VIII
.
gave
this
Hospital
unto
the
City
.
The
Church
and
Chappel
thereof
were
taken
down
in
the
Reign
of
Queen
Elizabeth
,
and
Houses
built
there
,
by
the
Governors
of
Christ's
-
Hospital
in
London
.
In
this
Place
People
that
be
Distracted
of
their
Wits
,
were
received
and
kept
at
the
Suit
of
their
Friends
,
but
not
without
Charges
to
their
bringers
in
.
This
Place
being
old
,
narrow
,
and
not
very
pleasant
,
the
City
of
London
resolved
to
build
a
New
Hospital
,
which
in
April
1675
,
was
begun
,
and
to
the
great
Glory
and
Ornament
of
the
City
,
and
the
great
benefit
of
the
Poor
Lunaticks
,
was
finished
July
1676
,
in
so
Stately
and
Beautiful
a
manner
,
that
the
whole
World
can
hardly
Parallel
it
;
It
is
of
a
great
Length
,
reaching
from
Moor-gate
,
to
the
Little-Postern
,
leading
out
of
the
North-East
part
of
Moor-Fields
,
into
the
City
,
near
the
City
Walls
,
with
a
most
Glorious
Front
towards
those
Delicate
Walks
of
Moor-Fields
;
the
Architecture
is
very
Regular
,
Exquisite
,
and
Rich
,
with
a
Stately
Turret
in
the
midst
of
a
Curious
Form
,
and
Fair
green
Courts
,
part
of
which
are
Paved
with
broad
Stone
for
walks
,
Environ'd
with
a
very
hansom
Brick-Wall
;
there
are
two
Stately
Galleries
,
reaching
from
one
end
to
the
other
,
on
the
sides
of
which
,
are
the
Lodgings
of
the
Distracted
People
,
which
are
very
neat
and
convenient
,
they
are
carefully
and
very
decently
served
with
plenty
of
good
wholsom
Dyet
,
and
very
well
attended
,
by
Persons
appointed
to
that
purpose
.
This
Work
cost
above
18000
l.
to
which
many
Noble
Citizens
,
&c.
were
Benefactors
,
〈◊〉
is
indeed
,
a
Work
very
well
becoming
the
Mag●●●nce
of
this
Renowned
City
,
who
in
all
their
undertakings
,
and
in
all
Publick
Acts
of
Ornament
to
the
City
,
or
Charity
to
the
Poor
,
have
demonstrated
themselves
to
be
Peerless
.
WESTMINSTER
HALL
THE
ROYALL
EXCHANGE
CLARENDON
HOVSE
COVENT
GARDEN
There
was
of
old
an
Hospital
of
St.
Mary
Rouncival
by
Charing-Cross
,
but
suppressed
,
and
turned
to
Tenements
.
So
much
for
the
Hospitals
.
SECT.
4.
Palaces
and
Houses
of
the
Nobility
.
WE
will
begin
with
the
Royal
Palaces
,
as
White-Hall
,
where
the
Court
is
kept
when
the
King
is
in
the
City
.
In
antient
times
Westminster-Palace
was
the
habitation
of
the
Kings
of
England
,
from
the
time
of
Edward
the
Confessor
,
which
was
by
casual
Fire
burnt
down
in
the
time
of
Henry
the
VIII
.
This
was
a
very
large
and
stately
Palace
,
and
for
the
building
in
that
Age
incomparable
.
In
the
Remains
of
which
,
the
High
Court
of
Parliament
Sits
,
but
more
of
that
hereafter
.
King
Henry
the
VIII
.
translated
his
Seat
to
a
House
not
far
of
,
built
by
Cardinal
Wolsey
,
and
is
called
White-Hall
.
This
Place
formerly
belonged
to
Hubert
de
Burgh
,
Earl
of
Kent
,
by
whom
it
was
given
to
the
Gray-Friers
,
and
of
them
bought
by
Walter
Gray
,
Archbishop
of
York
,
and
called
York-place
;
but
Anno.
1529
,
the
King
took
it
from
Wolsey
and
the
Archbishop
,
and
named
it
White-Hall
:
this
King
built
there
a
Sumptuous
Gallery
,
and
a
very
Beautiful
Gate-House
,
thwart
the
High-street
to
St.
James's
-
Park
.
In
this
Gallery
the
Princes
▪
with
their
Nobility
used
to
stand
or
sit
,
to
behold
all
Triumphant
or
Military
Exercises
.
To
Describe
all
particularities
relating
to
this
Royall-Seat
,
would
be
too
tedious
.
Take
a
few
short
Remarks
.
There
is
a
most
Magnificent
and
Stately
Banquetting-House
,
built
by
King
James
.
And
the
Delicate
Privy-Garden
was
lately
enlarged
towards
the
South
,
with
a
Pond
of
an
Oval
form
,
supplied
with
Water
from
Hide-Park
,
where
you
may
see
the
Water
shot
,
or
forced
up
to
a
great
height
from
the
surface
of
the
Pond
,
and
by
its
winding-fall
delights
the
Eye
,
and
the
Ear
,
with
its
pretty
murmur
.
Although
this
Palace
of
White
Hall
makes
not
so
Glorious
a
shew
on
the
out-side
,
as
some
other
stately
Edifices
,
yet
there
is
not
in
Christendom
a
Court
more
convenient
,
and
meet
for
Royal
Accommodation
,
nor
more
Richly
Furnisht
.
But
for
the
Readers
more
distinct
information
,
we
will
give
him
a
Brief
account
of
our
King's-Court
,
under
two
heads
,
-
Viz.
-
1.
It
s
Government
both
Ecclesiastical
,
Civil
,
and
Military
.
-
2.
It
s
Hospitality
,
and
plentiful
Tables
.
1.
It
s
Government
,
&c.
The
Dean
of
the
Kings
Chappel
is
usually
some
Grave
and
Learned
Prelate
,
chosen
by
the
King
,
who
only
is
his
Superiour
,
his
Chappel
being
exempt
from
all
Ecclesiastical
Jurisdiction
,
being
called
Capella
Dominica
,
the
Demean
Chappel
,
in
no
Diocess
,
but
is
a
Regal
Peculiar
,
Exempt
and
Reserved
to
the
Visitation
and
immediate
Government
of
the
King
,
who
is
Supream
Ordinary
,
and
as
it
were
Prime
Bishop
over
all
the
Churches
and
Bishops
of
England
.
By
the
Dean
are
chosen
all
other
Officers
of
the
Chappel
,
viz.
A
Sub-Dean
or
Praecentor
Capellae
;
Thirty
two
Gentlemen
of
the
Chappel
,
whereof
twelve
are
Priests
,
the
other
twenty
,
commonly
called
Clerks
,
of
the
Chappel
,
are
to
perform
,
with
the
said
Priests
,
the
Office
of
Praying
,
Singing
,
&c.
One
of
these
being
well
skill'd
in
Musick
,
is
chosen
Master
of
the
Children
,
whereof
are
twelve
in
Ordinary
,
to
instruct
them
in
the
Rules
and
Art
of
Musick
,
for
the
service
of
the
Chappel
;
three
others
are
chosen
to
be
Organists
,
to
whom
is
joyned
,
upon
Solemn
Days
,
a
Consort
of
the
King's
Musick
,
to
make
the
Musick
more
full
and
compleat
.
There
are
four
Officers
called
Vergers
,
because
they
carry
Silver
Rods
in
their
hands
,
viz.
a
Sergeant
,
two
Yeomen
,
and
a
Groom
of
the
Chappel
.
Common
Prayers
are
Read
there
three
times
a
day
.
The
King
has
his
private
Oratory
,
where
some
of
his
Chaplains
in
Ordinary
perform
the
Office
every
day
of
the
Week
.
Upon
twelve
high
and
Principal
Festivals
in
the
Year
,
the
King
(
after
the
Service
is
over
,
)
attended
with
the
Principal
Nobility
,
offers
a
Sum
of
Gold
to
God
,
in
signum
specialis
Domini
,
that
by
his
Grace
he
is
King
,
and
holds
all
of
Him
,
which
belongs
to
the
Dean
to
be
distributed
amongst
the
Poor
.
This
Gold
offered
is
called
the
Bizantine
,
which
anciently
was
a
Piece
of
Gold
Coyned
by
the
Emperours
of
Constantinople
,
in
Latin
,
Bizantium
;
That
which
was
used
by
King
James
,
was
a
piece
of
Gold
,
having
on
the
one
side
,
the
Pourtrait
of
the
King
kneeling
before
an
Altar
,
with
four
Crowns
before
Him
,
and
this
Motto
circumscribed
,
Quid
retribuam
Domino
,
pro
omnibus
quae
retribuit
mihi
?
On
the
other
side
was
a
Lamb
lying
by
a
Lyon
,
with
this
Motto
,
viz.
Cor
Contutum
&
humiliatum
non
despiciet
Deus
.
The
King
hath
(
besides
His
Extraordinary
,
which
are
many
)
Fourty
Eight
Chaplains
in
Ordinary
,
who
are
Eminent
Doctors
in
Divinity
,
whereof
Four
every
Month
wait
at
Court
to
Preach
.
The
Lord
High
Almoner
is
usually
the
Bishop
of
London
,
who
disposeth
of
the
Kings
Alms
,
and
for
that
use
receiveth
(
besides
other
Moneys
allowed
by
the
King
)
all
Deodands
,
and
bona
felonum
de
se
,
to
be
that
way
disposed
.
Under
the
Lord
High
Almoner
,
there
is
a
Sub-Almoner
,
two
Yeomen
,
and
two
Grooms
of
the
Almonry
.
Then
there
is
the
Clerk
of
the
Closet
,
usually
some
Reverend
Divine
,
much
esteemed
by
His
Majesty
,
who
attends
at
his
Right
hand
in
Service
time
,
to
Resolve
Doubts
about
Spiritual
matters
,
to
wait
upon
His
Majesty
in
His
private
Oratory
or
Closet
.
The
Dean
of
the
Chappel's
Fee
,
is
200
l.
Yearly
.
And
the
Sub-Deans
,
one
hundred
pound
.
The
Clerk
of
the
Closet's
▪
Fee
is
,
twenty
Nobles
per
annum
.
The
Chief
Officer
of
Civil
Government
in
His
Majesties
Court
,
is
,
the
Lord
Steward
.
To
whom
the
State
of
the
Kings-House
is
committed
,
to
be
Ruled
and
Guided
by
his
Discretion
;
whose
Commands
in
Court
are
to
be
obey'd
;
whose
Power
,
State
,
and
Dignity
is
very
great
.
He
hath
Authority
over
all
Officers
and
Servants
of
His
Majesties
Court
,
except
those
of
His
Majesties
Chappel
,
Chamber
and
Stable
,
&c.
He
may
by
his
Office
,
without
any
Commission
,
Judge
of
all
Discords
,
as
Treasons
,
Murders
,
Felonies
,
Bloodsheds
,
committed
within
the
Court
,
or
the
Verge
thereof
,
which
is
every
way
within
Twelve
Miles
of
the
Chief
Funnel
of
the
Court
,
(
only
London
by
Charter
is
exempted
;
)
because
where
the
King
is
,
Justice
ought
to
be
immediatly
sought
of
the
King
's
own
Officers
.
So
that
the
Jurisdiction
of
the
Verge
hath
been
from
very
Antient
times
Executed
by
the
Lord
Steward
,
with
great
Ceremony
,
in
the
Ntaure
of
a
peculiar
King's-Bench
,
and
that
not
only
within
,
but
without
the
Kings
Dominions
.
The
Lord
Steward
is
a
White-staff-Officer
,
for
he
in
the
King's
presence
carrieth
a
White-staff
,
and
at
other
times
going
abroad
,
it
is
carried
by
a
Footman
bare-headed
.
Which
White-staff
is
taken
for
a
Commission
.
When
the
King
Dies
,
he
breaketh
his
Staff
over
the
Herse
made
for
the
King's
Body
,
and
thereby
discharges
all
the
Officers
,
whom
the
succeeding
Kings
usually
establish
in
their
former
Offices
.
His
Fee
is
100
l.
yearly
,
and
16
Dishes
of
Meat
daily
,
besides
Wine
,
Beer
,
&c.
The
next
Officer
is
the
Lord
Chamberlain
,
who
hath
the
Over-sight
of
all
Officers
belonging
to
the
King's
Chamber
(
except
the
Precincts
of
the
King's
Bed-Chamber
,
which
is
wholly
under
the
Groom
of
the
Stole
)
and
all
above
Stairs
,
who
are
all
sworn
by
him
(
or
his
Warrant
to
the
Gentlemen
Ushers
)
to
the
King
.
He
hath
also
the
Over-sight
of
the
Officers
of
the
Wardrobe
,
at
all
His
Majesties
Houses
,
and
of
the
Removing
Wardrobes
,
or
of
Beds
,
of
the
Tents
,
Revels
,
Musick
,
Comedians
,
Hanting
,
and
of
the
Messengers
,
of
the
Trumpeters
,
Drummers
,
of
all
Handicrafts
and
Artizans
retained
in
the
King's
Services
.
He
hath
also
the
Over-sight
of
the
Heralds
and
Pursuivants
,
and
Sergeants
at
Arms
;
of
all
Physicians
,
Apothecaries
,
Chyrurgeons
,
Barbers
,
Chaplains
,
though
himself
be
a
Lay-man
.
Also
of
the
Charges
of
Coronations
,
Marriages
,
Entries
,
Cavalcades
,
Funerals
,
&c.
His
Fee
is
100
l.
yearly
,
and
16
Dishes
each
Meal
,
with
the
Appurtenances
.
The
third
great
Officer
is
the
Master
of
the
Horse
,
anciently
called
Comes
Stabuli
,
or
Constable
,
who
hath
the
ordering
and
disposal
of
all
the
King's
Stables
,
and
Races
,
or
Breed
of
Horses
.
He
hath
also
power
over
the
Escuries
and
Pages
,
Footmen
,
Grooms
,
Riders
of
the
Great
Horses
,
Farriers
,
Smiths
,
Coachmen
,
Sadlers
,
and
all
other
Trades
working
to
the
King's
Stables
;
to
all
whom
he
(
or
by
his
Warrant
the
Avener
)
giveth
an
Oath
to
be
true
and
faithful
.
He
hath
the
Charges
of
all
Lands
and
Revenues
appointed
for
the
King's
Breed
of
Horses
,
and
for
Charges
of
the
Stable
,
and
for
Litters
,
Coaches
,
Sumpter-Horses
,
&c.
At
any
Solemn
Cavalcade
,
he
Rides
next
behind
the
King
,
and
leads
a
Leer
Horse
of
State
.
His
annual
Fee
is
666
l.
16
s.
4
d.
and
a
Table
of
16
Dishes
each
Meal
.
The
Accompt
of
the
Stables
for
Horse-meat
,
Livery
,
Wages
,
and
Board-Wages
,
are
brought
by
the
Avener
,
being
chief
Clerk
of
the
Avery
,
to
be
passed
and
allowed
by
the
Green-Cloth
.
Under
these
Principal
Officers
,
are
almost
all
the
other
Officers
and
Servants
,
as
under
the
Lord
Steirard
in
the
Compting-house
,
is
the
Treasurer
of
the
Houshold
,
the
Comptroller
,
the
Cofferer
,
the
Master
of
the
Houshold
,
the
two
Clerks
of
the
Green
Cloth
,
the
two
Clerks
Comptrollers
,
one
Serge●nt
,
two
Yeomen
,
the
Cofferers
Clerks
,
or
Clerks
of
the
Assignments
,
the
Groom
,
two
Messengers
.
The
Compting-house
is
so
called
,
because
the
Accompts
for
all
Expences
of
the
King's
Houshold
are
the●e
daily
taken
by
the
Lord-Steward
,
the
Treasurer
,
Comptroller
,
the
Cofferer
,
the
Master
of
the
Houshold
,
the
two
Clerks
of
the
Green
Cloth
,
and
the
two
Clerks
Comptrollers
,
who
also
there
make
Provisions
for
the
Houshold
,
according
to
the
Law
of
the
Land
,
and
make
Payments
and
Orders
for
the
Well-governing
of
the
Servants
of
the
Houshold
.
In
the
Compting-house
,
is
the
Green-Cloth
,
which
is
a
Court
of
Justice
continually
sitting
in
the
King's
House
,
composed
of
the
Persons
last
mentioned
;
whereof
the
three
first
are
usually
of
the
King
's
Privy
Council
.
To
this
Court
,
being
the
first
and
most
ancient
Court
of
England
,
is
committed
the
charge
and
over-sight
of
the
King's
Court
Royal
for
matters
of
Justice
and
Government
,
with
Authority
for
maintaining
the
Peace
,
within
12
Miles
distance
wheresoever
the
Court
shall
be
and
within
the
King's
House
,
the
power
of
correcting
all
the
Servants
therein
,
that
shall
any
way
offend
.
It
is
called
the
Green-Cloth
,
of
a
Green-Cloth
whereat
they
〈◊〉
,
over
whom
are
the
Arms
of
the
Compting-house
,
bearing
Vert
a
Key
,
or
,
and
a
Staff
Argent
Saultier
,
signifying
their
power
to
Reward
and
Correct
,
as
Persons
,
for
their
great
Wisdom
and
Experience
,
thought
fit
by
His
Majesty
,
to
exercise
both
these
Functions
in
His
Royal
House
.
The
Treasurer
of
the
King's
House
is
always
of
the
Privy
Council
,
and
,
in
absence
of
the
Lord
Steward
,
hath
power
with
the
Comptroller
and
Steward
of
the
Marshalsea
,
to
hear
and
determine
Treasons
,
Felonies
,
and
other
Crimes
,
committed
within
the
King's
Palace
,
and
that
by
Verdict
of
the
King's
Houshold
.
If
any
Servants
within
the
Check-Roll
be
found
Guilty
of
Felony
,
they
are
to
have
no
Benefit
of
Clergy
allowed
them
.
The
Comptrollers
Office
,
is
to
Controul
the
Accompts
and
Reckonings
of
the
Green-Cloth
.
His
Fee
is
Annually
107
l.
12
s.
4
d.
A
Table
of
16
Dishes
each
Meal
.
He
bears
a
White
Staff
,
&c.
The
Cofferer
is
a
principal
Officer
,
and
hath
especial
Charge
and
Over-sight
of
other
Officers
of
the
House
,
for
their
good
Demeanor
and
Carriage
in
their
Offices
,
and
is
to
pay
the
Wages
of
the
King's
Servants
,
above
and
below
Stairs
.
And
for
Provisions
,
by
the
Direction
and
Allowance
of
the
Green-Cloth
.
His
Annual
Fee
is
100
l.
and
a
Table
of
seven
Dishes
each
day
.
The
Office
of
the
Master
of
the
Houshold
,
is
to
survey
the
Accompts
of
the
House
.
His
Fee
is
100
Marks
,
and
seven
Dishes
daily
.
All
Bills
of
Comptrolment
,
Parcels
and
Brievements
,
are
lotted
and
allowed
by
the
Clerks
Comptrollers
,
and
summed
up
by
the
Clerks
of
the
Green-Cloth
.
☞
Note
,
That
though
the
King
pays
still
the
ancient
Fees
,
which
at
first
were
above
ten
times
the
value
they
are
now
;
yet
the
Perquisites
in
many
O●fices
,
make
sometimes
a
place
of
10
l.
Fee
,
to
be
worth
near
500
l.
per
Annum
.
☞
Note
also
,
That
in
each
Office
there
is
a
Succession
from
one
to
another
,
the
inferior
Degree
still
coming
into
the
place
of
the
next
above
if
he
dyes
,
as
one
of
the
Children
may
come
to
be
Groom
,
then
Yeoman
,
then
Gentleman
,
then
Sergeant
,
&c.
as
he
happens
to
out-live
them
above
him
.
The
Chief
Clerk
waits
upon
,
and
appoints
,
the
Kings
,
Queens
,
and
Houshold
Dyets
every
third
Month
;
waits
upon
all
Foreign
Princes
,
Strangers
,
and
Ambassadors
,
when
His
Majesty
gives
them
Entertainment
.
He
keeps
all
the
Records
,
Leger-Books
,
and
Papers
,
relating
to
that
Office
;
makes
up
all
Bills
,
Parcels
and
Debentures
,
for
Board-Wages
,
and
Provisions
and
Necessaries
,
issuing
from
the
Offices
of
the
Pantery
,
Buttery
and
Cellar
.
Keeps
Accompt
of
,
and
makes
up
the
Remains
,
with
several
other
Duties
,
which
oblige
him
to
constant
Waiting
.
He
appoints
Scowrers
,
Turn-Brochers
,
and
Porters
in
his
turn
with
the
Master
Cook
,
in
the
several
Kitchens
,
and
hath
a
Fee
equal
to
an
Officer
of
the
Green-Cloth
,
and
Diet
,
of
seven
Dishes
each
Meal
.
The
second
and
third
Clerks
wait
upon
the
Diet
,
as
abovesaid
,
each
of
them
one
month
in
three
,
and
attend
the
King
and
Queen
in
their
Progresses
,
when
appointed
by
the
Green-Cloth
,
and
have
a
Table
of
five
Dishes
.
There
are
three
Master
Cooks
for
the
King
,
Queen
,
and
Houshold
,
who
have
each
a
Table
of
five
Dishes
.
There
is
a
Knight
Harbinger
,
three
Gentlemen
Harbingers
,
and
seven
Yeomen
Harbingers
.
The
Office
is
given
to
the
Knight-Harbinger
by
Letters
Patents
under
the
Great
Seal
of
England
,
during
Life
.
When
the
King
goes
on
Progress
in
England
,
or
Beyond
the
Seas
,
he
does
by
himself
,
or
his
Deputy
,
provide
and
appoint
all
Lodgings
and
Harbingage
for
all
great
Persons
,
all
Noblemen
,
Bishops
,
all
His
Majesties
Servants
and
Attendants
,
&c.
For
all
Ambassadors
and
Foreigners
,
&c.
His
Salary
is
20
Marks
per
Annum
,
and
10
s.
a
day
out
of
the
Exchequer
,
besides
Fees
for
Honours
given
by
the
King
,
and
Homage
done
to
His
Majesty
,
and
divers
other
Perquisites
.
In
the
Court
the
Officers
,
according
to
their
several
Degrees
,
are
called
either
Lords
,
Knights
,
Esquires
,
Sergeants
,
Gentlemen
,
Clerks
,
Yeomen
,
Grooms
,
Pages
,
or
Children
.
There
are
two
Lords
,
viz.
the
Lord
Steward
,
and
the
Lord
Chamberlain
.
Two
Knights
,
viz.
the
Knight
Marshal
,
and
the
Knight
Harbinger
.
Four
Esquires
of
the
Body
,
&c.
The
Knight
Marshal
,
called
Mareschalus
Hospitii
Regis
,
hath
Jurisdiction
and
Cognizance
of
all
Crimes
within
the
Royal
Palace
,
whereunto
one
of
the
Parties
is
the
King's
Servant
.
He
is
one
of
the
Judges
of
the
Court
called
the
Marshalsea
,
or
Marshal-Seat
of
Judicature
,
which
is
held
in
Southwark
,
and
hath
there
a
Prison
belonging
to
the
same
.
Upon
Solemn
Occasions
he
Rides
before
the
King
with
a
short
Baston
tipt
at
both
ends
with
Gold
,
and
hath
six
Provost
Marshals
or
Virgers
,
in
Scarlet
Coats
to
wait
on
him
,
and
to
take
care
of
the
Royal
Palace
,
that
no
Beggars
,
Vagabonds
,
Common
Women
that
prostitute
their
Bodies
,
Malefactors
,
&c.
come
within
or
near
the
Court.
There
are
divers
other
Officers
below
Stairs
under
the
Lord
Steward
,
as
also
the
Officers
belonging
to
the
Queens
Kitchin
,
Cellar
,
Pantery
,
&c.
and
to
the
Lords
Kitchin
,
together
with
Children
,
Scowrers
,
Turn-Broaches
,
&c.
His
Majesties
Servants
in
Ordinary
above-stairs
,
are
as
followeth
:
THE
Gentlemen
of
the
Bed-Chamber
,
whereof
the
first
is
called
the
Groom
of
the
Stole
,
as
it
were
Servant
of
the
Robe
,
or
Vestment
,
he
having
the
Office
and
Honour
to
Present
and
Put
on
His
Majesties
first
Garment
or
Shirt
every
morning
,
and
to
order
the
things
of
the
Bed-Chamber
.
The
Gentlemen
are
usually
of
the
prime
Nobility
of
England
.
Their
Office
is
each
one
in
his
Turn
to
wait
a
Week
in
every
quarter
in
the
King's
Bed-Chamber
,
there
to
lie
by
the
King
in
a
Pallet-Bed
all
Night
,
and
in
the
absence
of
the
Groom
of
the
Stole
,
to
supply
his
place
.
They
wait
on
the
King
when
he
eats
in
private
,
for
then
the
Cup-Bearers
,
Carvers
and
Sewers
do
not
wait
.
The
yearly
Fee
to
each
is
1000
l.
There
is
a
Vice-Chamberlain
,
a
Keeper
of
the
Privy-Purse
,
a
Treasurer
of
the
Chamber
,
who
pays
Riding
and
Lodging
Wages
,
as
the
Lord
Chamberlain
shall
direct
,
a
Surveyor
General
of
His
Majesties
Works
.
The
Master
of
the
Robes
belonging
to
His
Majesties
Person
,
whose
Office
it
is
to
order
them
at
Coronations
,
St.
George's
Feast
,
and
Parliament-Time
.
He
has
also
the
ordering
of
all
His
Majesties
Wearing
Apparel
,
of
His
Collar
of
Esses
,
Georges
,
and
Garter
beset
with
Diamonds
and
Pearls
.
The
Grooms
of
the
Bed-Chamber
are
Twelve
,
besides
some
Supernumeraries
.
They
are
to
be
under
the
degree
of
Knights
,
and
to
attend
in
the
King's
Bed-Chamber
,
to
dress
and
undress
him
in
private
.
The
yearly
Fee
to
each
is
500
l.
Then
there
are
Six
Pages
of
the
Bed-Chamber
,
Four
Gentlemen-Vshers
of
the
Privy
Chamber
,
who
wait
,
one
at
a
time
,
in
the
Privy
Lodgings
.
There
are
Forty
eight
Gentlemen
of
the
Privy
Chamber
in
Ordinary
,
who
are
all
Knights
,
or
Esquires
of
Note
,
of
which
Twelve
every
Quarter
wait
on
the
King's
Person
within
doors
and
without
,
so
long
as
His
Majesty
is
on
Foot
;
and
when
the
King
is
in
the
Privy
Chamber
,
they
wait
at
the
Table
,
and
bring
in
his
Meat
.
They
wait
also
at
the
Reception
of
Ambassadors
,
and
every
Night
two
of
them
lie
in
the
King
's
Privy
Chamber
.
A
Gentleman
of
the
Privy
Chamber
,
by
the
King's
Commandment
onely
,
without
any
written
Commission
,
may
Arrest
any
Peer
of
England
,
as
Cardinal
Wolsey
acknowledged
.
There
are
Six
Grooms
of
the
Privy
Chamber
in
Ordinary
,
all
Gentlemen
of
Quality
.
These
wait
(
as
all
Grooms
)
without
Sword
,
Cloak
,
or
Hat
:
whereas
the
Gentlemen
of
the
Privy
Chamber
,
wear
always
Cloak
and
Sword
.
There
is
also
a
Library
Keeper
.
In
the
Presence
Chamber
,
Gentlemen-Vshers
daily
Waiters
in
Ordinary
are
four
,
whereof
the
first
hath
that
considerable
Office
of
the
Black
Rod
,
and
in
time
of
Parliament
is
to
attend
every
day
in
the
Lords
House
,
and
is
also
Vsher
of
the
most
Honourable
Order
of
the
Garter
.
Second
Gentleman
Vsher
,
daily
Waiter
,
&c.
their
Office
is
to
wait
in
the
Presence
Chamber
,
and
to
attend
next
the
King's
Person
;
and
after
the
Lord
Chamberlain
,
and
Vice-Chamberlain
,
to
order
all
Affairs
,
and
all
Under-Officers
above-stairs
are
to
obey
these
.
There
are
Eight
Gentlemen-Vshers
,
Quarter-Waiters
in
Ordinary
,
who
wait
also
in
the
Presence
Chamber
,
and
are
to
give
Directions
in
the
absence
of
the
Gentlemen-Vshers
daily
Waiters
to
the
Grooms
and
Pages
,
and
other
Under-Officers
,
who
are
to
attend
in
all
Offices
,
next
below
the
Gentlemen-Vshers
Quarter-Waiters
.
The
Grooms
of
the
great
Chamber
are
Fourteen
;
Six
Gentlemen-Waiters
,
Four
Cup-Bearers
,
Four
Carvers
,
Four
Sewers
,
Four
Esquires
of
the
Body
,
whose
Office
is
to
guard
the
King's
Person
by
Night
,
to
set
the
Watch
,
and
to
give
the
Word
,
and
to
keep
good
Order
in
the
whole
House
by
Night
;
as
the
Lord
Chamberlain
,
and
his
other
Officers
,
are
to
do
by
day
.
The
Sewers
of
the
Chamber
are
Eight
.
The
Groom-Porter's
Office
is
to
see
the
King's
Lodgings
furnished
with
Tables
,
Chairs
,
Stools
,
Firing
;
to
furnish
Cards
,
Dice
,
&c.
to
decide
Disputes
arising
at
Cards
,
Dice
,
Bowling
,
&c.
There
are
Sixteen
Sergeants
at
Arms
,
all
Gentlemen
,
or
Knights
,
attending
upon
His
Majesty
.
There
are
also
Four
other
Sergeants
at
Arms
,
whereof
one
attends
the
Lord
President
of
Wales
,
another
the
Speaker
of
the
House
of
Commons
,
and
another
the
Lord
Lieutenant
of
Ireland
.
There
are
Forty
eight
Chaplains
in
Ordinary
,
usually
Doctors
in
Divinity
,
and
,
for
the
most
part
,
Deans
or
Prebends
,
and
all
principal
Preachers
,
who
attend
by
Four
every
month
to
Preach
before
the
King
.
There
are
Four
Physicians
in
Ordinary
for
the
King's
Person
,
whereof
one
is
assigned
to
attend
the
Queen
.
There
are
also
Physicians
in
Ordinary
to
the
Houshold
,
of
which
one
is
for
the
Tower
of
London
.
There
are
,
besides
these
,
above
Twelve
able
Physicians
,
who
are
the
King
's
Sworn
Servants
,
but
wait
not
,
nor
have
Fee
.
There
is
a
Master
and
Treasurer
of
the
Jewel-house
,
and
three
Under-Officers
,
called
Yeomen
and
Grooms
,
whose
Office
is
to
take
charge
of
all
Vessels
of
Gold
,
or
Silver
Gilt
,
for
the
King
and
Queens
Table
of
all
Plate
in
the
Tower
,
of
Chains
and
loose
Jewels
not
fix'd
to
any
Garment
.
The
Master
of
the
Ceremonies
,
has
a
Fee
of
200
l.
his
Assistant
120
l.
13
s.
4
d.
and
one
Marshal
,
100
l.
per
Annum
.
This
Office
of
Master
of
the
Ceremonies
.
was
instituted
by
King
James
,
for
the
more
Honourable
Reception
of
Ambassadors
,
and
Strangers
of
Quality
.
The
Assistant
Master
of
the
Ceremonies
,
is
to
execute
the
same
Imployment
in
all
Points
,
whensoever
the
other
is
absent
.
The
Marshal
of
the
Ceremonies
is
their
Officer
,
for
the
more
easie
performance
of
the
said
Services
,
and
being
subordinate
to
them
both
,
is
to
act
nothing
but
by
the
directions
of
one
of
them
.
Amongst
the
King's
Servants
in
Ordinary
,
are
three
Kings
of
Arms
,
six
Heralds
,
or
Dukes
of
Arms
,
and
four
Pursuivants
at
Arms.
The
Title
of
the
first
is
Garter
,
whose
Office
is
to
attend
and
direct
at
those
Ceremonies
and
Solemnities
that
concern
the
most
Noble
Order
of
the
Garter
,
and
to
Marshal
the
Solemn
Funerals
of
the
Knights
of
that
Order
,
as
also
of
the
Peers
of
England
,
and
to
direct
all
things
else
relating
to
Arms
,
which
appertain
to
the
Peerage
.
The
Title
of
the
Second
is
Clarencieux
,
who
regulates
and
directs
the
Proceedings
at
Solemn
Funerals
of
all
Degrees
under
Peers
as
shall
be
celebrated
in
his
Province
,
which
is
the
Counties
on
the
South
of
Trent
,
and
whatsoever
else
there
relateth
to
Arms.
The
Title
of
the
Third
is
Norroy
,
who
regulates
and
directs
like
the
Second
throughout
his
Province
on
the
North
of
Frent
.
The
Offices
of
the
Heralds
and
Pursuivants
,
besides
their
Services
at
the
aforesaid
Solemnities
,
are
(
together
with
the
Kings
of
Arms
)
to
attend
at
Publick
Solemnities
,
and
some
or
all
of
them
to
proclaim
War
or
Peace
,
carry
Defiances
,
summon
Fortified
Places
,
or
Rebels
in
Arms
,
proclaim
Traytors
,
and
to
do
their
best
Service
in
whatsoever
relateth
to
the
Nobility
and
Gentry
of
England
in
point
of
Honour
and
Arms.
Amongst
the
King's
Servants
in
Ordinary
,
are
reckoned
one
Geographer
,
one
Historiographer
,
one
Hydrographer
,
one
Library-keeper
,
one
Cosmographer
,
one
Poet
Laureat
,
and
one
Publick
Notary
.
The
King
,
besides
the
Great
Wardrobe
,
hath
divers
standing
Wardrobes
at
Whitehal
,
Windsor
,
Hampton-Court
,
the
Tower
of
London
,
and
Greenwich
,
&c.
whereof
there
are
divers
Officers
.
There
is
the
Removing
Wardrobe
,
which
always
attends
upon
the
Person
of
the
King
,
Queen
,
and
the
Children
,
as
also
upon
Ambassadors
,
Christenings
,
Masks
,
Plays
,
&c.
at
the
Command
of
the
Lord
Chamberlain
,
who
hath
the
disposing
of
vacant
places
.
Here
are
fix
Officers
,
one
Yeoman
,
two
Grooms
,
and
three
Pages
;
the
Salary
of
the
Yeoman
is
200
l.
of
the
Grooms
100
l.
and
of
the
Pages
100
Marks
.
And
to
all
together
,
six
Dishes
each
Meal
.
The
Moveables
of
this
Wardrobe
are
at
length
divided
into
three
parts
,
whereof
the
Yeoman
hath
one
for
his
own
use
,
the
Grooms
another
,
and
the
Pages
the
third
.
In
the
Office
of
the
Tents
,
Soyls
,
Hayes
,
and
Pavilions
,
are
two
Masters
,
four
Yeomen
,
one
Groom
,
one
Clerk
Comptroller
,
and
one
Clerk
of
the
Tents
.
The
Master
of
the
Revels
is
to
order
all
things
concerning
Comedies
,
&c.
there
is
one
Yeoman
,
one
Groom
.
Engraver
Sculptor
,
one
in
each
Office
.
In
the
Office
of
the
Robes
,
besides
the
Master
above-mentioned
,
there
is
one
Yeoman
,
three
Grooms
,
one
Page
,
two
Purveyors
,
one
Brusher
,
one
Taylor
,
one
Dyer
,
one
Girdler
,
one
Clerk
,
one
Lace-man
,
one
Cutter
and
Racer
,
two
Embroiderers
,
two
Silkmen
,
one
Shoemaker
,
one
Perfumer
,
one
Feather-maker
,
one
Millener
,
one
Mercer
,
one
Hosier
,
one
Draper
,
one
Surveyor
,
&c.
Falconer
with
Thirty
three
Officers
under
him
.
Master
of
the
Buck-Hounds
,
with
a
Sergeant
,
and
Thirty
four
persons
under
him
.
Master
of
the
Otter-Hounds
.
Master
of
the
Harriers
,
and
five
under
him
.
Master
of
the
Ordnance
,
a
Lieutenant
,
and
Master
Armorer
,
with
Seventeen
Under-Officers
.
Messengers
of
the
Chamber
in
Ordinary
,
two
Clerks
of
the
Check
,
and
Forty
more
,
in
all
Forty
two
.
Musitians
in
Ordinary
,
Sixty
two
.
Trumpeters
and
Kittle-Drummers
,
Fifteen
.
Drummers
and
Fifes
,
Seven
.
Apothecaries
Two
,
one
for
the
King's
Person
,
and
one
for
the
Houshold
.
Chyrurgeo●s
two
.
B●rbers
two
.
Printers
three
,
besides
one
for
the
Oriental
Tongues
.
Bookseller
,
Stationer
,
and
Book-binder
.
Sil●man
,
Woollen-Draper
,
and
two
Taylors
.
Post-Masters
for
all
the
Port-Towns
in
England
,
all
sworn
to
,
and
paid
by
the
King
.
A
Master
of
the
Game
of
Cock-fighting
.
One
Sergeant
Skinner
,
who
hath
the
care
of
His
Majesties
Furrs
.
Two
Embroiderers
.
Two
Keepers
of
the
Privy
Lodging
.
Two
Gentlemen
and
one
Yeoman
of
the
Bows
.
One
Cross-Bow-maker
.
One
Fletcher
.
One
Cormorant-Keeper
.
One
Hand-Gun-maker
.
One
Master
and
Marker
of
Tennis
.
One
Mistriss
Semstress
,
and
one
Laundress
.
One
Perspective-Maker
.
One
Master-Fencer
.
One
Haberdasher
of
Hats
.
One
Comb-maker
.
One
Sergeant
Painter
.
One
Painter
.
One
Limner
.
One
Picture-Drawer
.
One
Silver-Smith
.
One
Goldsmith
.
One
Jeweller
.
One
Peruque-maker
.
One
Keeper
of
Pheasants
and
Turkies
.
Joyner
.
Copier
of
Pictures
.
Watch-maker
.
Cabinet-maker
.
Lock-Smith
,
of
each
one
.
Game
of
Bears
and
Bulls
,
one
Master
,
one
Sergeant
,
one
Yeoman
.
Two
Operators
for
the
Teeth
.
Two
Coffer-bearers
for
the
Back-stairs
.
One
Yeoman
of
the
Leash
.
Fifty
five
Watermen
.
Vpholsterer
,
Letter-Carrier
,
Foreign-Post
,
Coffee-maker
,
of
each
one
.
Ten
Officers
beionging
to
Gardens
,
Bowling-Greens
,
Tennis-Court
,
Pall-Mall
,
Keeper
of
the
Theatre
at
Whitehall
.
Cutler
,
Spurrier
,
Girdler
,
Corn-cutter
,
Button-maker
,
Embosser
,
Enameler
,
of
each
one
.
Writer
,
Flourisher
,
and
Embellisher
,
Scenographer
,
or
Designer
of
Prospects
,
Letter-Founder
,
of
each
one
.
Comedians
,
Seventeen
Men
,
and
Eight
Women
,
Actors
.
Gunner
,
Gilder
,
Cleanser
of
Pictures
,
Scene-keeper
,
Coffer-maker
,
Wax-chandler
,
of
each
one
.
Keeper
of
Birds
and
Fowl
in
St.
James's
-
Park
,
one
.
Keeper
of
the
Volery
,
Coffee-club-maker
,
Sergeant-Painter
,
of
each
one
;
with
divers
other
Officers
and
Servants
under
the
Lord
Chamberlain
to
serve
His
Majesty
upon
occasion
.
Many
of
which
Offices
and
Places
are
of
good
Credit
,
and
great
Profit
,
and
enjoyed
by
Persons
of
Quality
.
As
to
the
Officers
under
the
Master
of
the
Horse
,
there
are
Twelve
Querries
,
so
called
of
the
French
Escayer
,
derived
from
Escury
,
a
Stable
.
Their
Office
is
to
attend
the
King
on
Hunting
or
Progress
,
or
on
any
occasion
of
Riding
abroad
,
to
help
His
Majesty
up
and
down
from
his
Horse
,
&c.
Four
of
these
are
called
Querries
of
the
Crown-Stable
,
and
the
others
are
called
Querries
of
the
Hunting-Stable
.
The
Fee
to
each
of
these
is
only
20
l.
yearly
,
according
to
the
ancient
Custom
;
but
they
have
allowance
for
Diet
,
to
each
100
l.
yearly
,
besides
Lodgings
,
and
two
Horse-Liveries
.
Next
is
the
chief
Avener
,
from
Avena
,
Oats
,
whose
yearly
Fee
is
40
l.
There
is
,
moreover
,
one
Clerk
of
the
Stable
,
four
Yeomen-Riders
,
four
Child-Riders
,
Yeomen
of
the
Stirrup
,
Sergeant-Marshal
,
and
Yeomen-Farriers
,
four
Groom-Farriers
,
Sergeants
of
the
Carriage
,
three
Surveyors
,
a
Squire
and
Yeomen-Sadlers
,
four
Yeomen-Granators
,
four
Yeomen-Purveyors
,
a
Yeoman-Peckman
,
a
Yeoman-Bitmaker
,
four
Coach-men
,
eight
Litter-men
,
a
Yeoman
of
the
Close
Wagon
,
Sixty
four
Grooms
of
the
Stable
,
whereof
30
are
called
Grooms
of
the
Crown
Stable
,
and
Thirty
four
of
the
Hunting
and
Pad-Stable
.
Twenty
six
Footmen
in
their
Liveries
,
to
run
by
the
King
'
s
Horse
.
All
these
Places
are
in
the
Gift
of
the
Master
of
the
Horse
.
There
is
besides
these
an
antient
Officer
,
called
Clerk
of
the
Market
,
who
within
the
Verge
of
the
King's
Houshold
,
is
to
keep
a
Standard
of
all
Weights
and
Measures
,
and
to
burn
all
that
are
false
.
From
the
Pattern
of
this
Standard
,
all
the
Weights
and
Measures
of
the
Kingdom
are
to
be
taken
.
There
are
divers
other
considerable
Officers
,
not
Subordinate
to
the
Three
Great
Officers
,
as
the
Master
of
the
great
Wardrobe
,
Post-Master
,
Master
of
the
Ordinance
,
Warden
of
the
Mint
,
&c.
Upon
the
King
are
also
attending
in
his
Court
the
Lords
of
the
Privy-Council
,
Secretaries
of
State
,
the
Judges
,
the
College
of
Civilians
,
the
King's
Council
at
Law
,
the
King's
Serjeants
at
Law
,
the
Masters
of
Requests
,
Clerks
of
the
Signet
,
Clerks
of
the
Council
,
Keeper
of
the
Paper-Office
,
or
Papers
of
State
,
&c.
There
is
always
a
Military
Force
to
preserve
the
King's
Person
,
which
are
His
Guards
of
Horse
and
Foot
.
The
Guards
of
Horse
are
in
Number
600
Men
,
well
Armed
and
Equipped
;
who
are
generally
Young
Gentlemen
of
considerable
Families
,
who
are
there
made
fit
for
Military
Commands
.
They
are
divided
into
Three
Troops
,
viz.
The
King's
Troop
,
distinguished
by
their
Blew
Ribbons
and
Carbine
Belts
,
their
Red
Hooses
,
and
Houlster-Caps
,
Embroidered
with
His
Majesties
Cypher
and
Crown
.
The
Queens
Troops
by
Green
Ribbons
,
Carbine
Belts
,
covered
with
Green
Velvet
,
and
Gold
Lace
,
also
Green
Hooses
and
Houster
Caps
,
Embroidered
with
the
same
Cypher
and
Crown
.
And
the
Dukes
Troop
by
Yellow
Ribbons
,
and
Carbine
Belts
,
and
Yellow
Hooses
,
Embroidered
as
the
others
.
In
which
Troops
,
are
200
Gentlemen
,
besides
Officers
.
Each
of
these
Three
Troops
is
divided
into
Four
Squadrons
or
Divisions
,
Two
of
which
consisting
of
one
hundred
Gentlemen
,
and
Commanded
by
one
Principal
Commissioned
Officer
,
two
Brigadiers
,
and
two
Sub-Brigadiers
,
with
two
Trumpets
mount
the
Guards
one
day
in
six
,
and
are
Relieved
in
their
turns
.
Their
Duty
is
always
by
Parties
from
the
Guard
,
to
attend
the
Person
of
the
KING
,
the
Queen
,
the
Duke
,
and
the
Dutchess
,
wheresoever
they
go
near
home
,
but
if
out
of
town
,
they
are
attended
by
Detachments
out
of
the
said
Three
Troops
.
Besides
this
,
there
is
a
more
strict
Duty
and
Attendance
W●●●ly
on
the
KING's
Person
on
Foot
,
wheresoever
He
walks
,
from
His
Rising
to
His
going
to
Bed
,
by
one
of
the
three
Captains
,
who
always
waits
immediatly
next
the
KING
's
own
Person
,
before
all
others
,
carrying
in
his
hand
an
Ebony-staff
or
Truncheon
,
with
a
Gold
head
,
Engraved
with
His
MAJESTIES
Cyper
and
Crown
.
Near
him
also
attends
a
Principal
Commissioned
Officer
,
with
an
Ebony-staff
,
and
Silver
head
,
who
is
ready
to
Relieve
the
Captain
on
occasion
;
and
at
the
same
time
also
,
two
Brigadiers
,
having
also
Ebony-staves
,
headed
with
Ivory
,
and
Engraven
as
the
others
.
There
is
added
a
Troop
of
Grenadiers
to
each
Troop
of
Guards
,
one
Division
of
which
mounts
with
a
Division
of
the
Troop
to
which
they
belong
;
they
never
go
out
on
small
Parties
from
the
Guard
,
only
perform
Centry-Duty
on
Foot
,
and
attend
the
KING
also
on
Foot
when
he
walks
abroad
,
but
always
March
with
great
Detachments
.
The
KING's
Troop
consists
of
a
Captain
,
two
Lieutenants
,
three
Sergeants
,
three
Corporals
,
two
Drums
,
two
Hautbois
,
and
eighty
private
Souldiers
Mounted
.
The
Queens
Troop
,
of
a
Captain
,
two
Lieutenants
,
two
Serjeants
,
two
Corporals
,
two
Hautbois
,
and
Sixty
private
Souldiers
Mounted
.
The
Dukes
Troop
consists
of
the
like
Number
with
the
Queens
.
The
Captains
of
His
MAJESTIES
Guards
always
Command
as
Eldest
Colonels
of
Horse
;
the
Lieutenants
as
Eldest
Lieutenant-Colonels
of
Horse
;
the
Cornets
and
Guidons
,
as
Eldest
Majors
of
Horse
;
the
Quartermasters
,
as
Youngest
Captains
of
Horse
;
the
Brigadiers
as
Eldest
Lieutenants
of
Horse
;
and
amongst
themselves
every
Officer
,
according
to
the
Date
of
his
Commission
,
takes
precedency
,
when
on
Detachments
,
but
not
when
the
Three
Troops
march
with
their
Colours
,
for
then
the
Officer
of
the
Eldest
Troop
,
commands
those
of
equal
Rank
with
him
in
the
others
,
though
their
Commission
be
of
Elder
Date
.
Next
immediatly
after
the
Three
Troops
of
Guards
,
His
MAJESTIES
Regiment
of
Horse
Commanded
by
the
Earl
of
Oxford
takes
place
,
and
the
Colonel
of
it
is
to
have
precedency
,
after
the
Captains
of
the
Guards
,
and
before
all
other
Colonels
of
Horse
,
whatsoever
change
may
be
of
the
Colonel
;
and
all
the
Officers
thereof
,
in
their
proper
Degree
,
are
to
take
place
according
to
the
Dates
of
their
Commissions
.
As
to
the
Foot
,
the
King's
Regiment
,
Commanded
by
the
Honorable
Colonel
John
Russel
,
takes
place
of
all
other
Regiments
,
and
the
Colonel
thereof
is
always
to
precede
as
the
first
Colonel
.
The
Colestream
Regiment
,
Commanded
by
the
Earl
of
Craven
,
takes
the
next
;
the
Duke
of
Yorks
Regiment
next
,
then
His
Majesties
Holland
Regiment
,
Commanded
by
the
Earl
of
Mulgrave
,
and
all
other
Colonels
,
according
to
the
Dates
of
their
Commissions
.
All
other
Regiments
of
Horse
and
Foot
,
not
of
the
Guards
,
take
place
according
to
their
Respective
Seniority
,
from
the
time
they
were
first
Raised
,
and
no
Regiment
loses
its
precedency
by
the
Death
of
its
Colonel
.
At
the
KING's
House
there
is
a
Guard
for
His
Person
,
both
above
and
below
stairs
.
In
the
Presence
Chamber
the
Band
of
Gentlemen
Pensioners
wait
,
instituted
by
King
Henry
the
VII
.
and
chosen
out
of
the
best
and
antientest
Families
in
England
,
to
be
a
Guard
to
His
Majesties
Person
,
and
also
to
be
a
Nursery
to
breed
up
hopeful
Gentlemen
,
and
fit
them
for
Employments
,
Civil
and
Military
,
as
well
abroad
as
at
home
;
as
Deputies
of
Ireland
,
Embassadors
in
Foreign
Parts
,
Counsellors
of
State
,
Captains
of
the
Guard
,
Governours
of
places
,
Commanders
in
the
Wars
,
both
by
Sea
and
Land
,
of
all
which
there
have
been
Examples
.
They
are
to
attend
the
King's
Person
to
and
from
His
Chappel
,
only
as
far
as
the
Privy
Chamber
:
also
in
all
other
Solemnity
,
as
Coronations
,
publick
Audience
of
Embassadors
,
&c.
They
are
40
in
Number
,
over
whom
there
is
a
Captain
,
usually
some
Peer
of
the
Realm
,
a
Lieutenant
,
a
Standard-bearer
,
and
a
Clerk
of
the
Check
.
They
wait
half
at
a
time
quarterly
.
Those
in
quarter
wait
daily
five
at
a
time
upon
the
King
in
the
House
,
and
when
He
walks
abroad
.
Upon
extraordinary
occasions
,
all
of
them
are
Summoned
.
Their
ordinary
Arms
are
Gilt
Pole-Axes
.
Their
Arms
on
Horse-back
in
time
of
War
,
are
Cuirassiers
Arms
,
with
Sword
and
Pistol
.
These
are
only
under
their
own
Officers
,
and
are
always
Sworn
by
the
Clerk
of
the
Check
,
who
is
to
take
Notice
of
such
as
are
absent
when
they
should
be
upon
their
Duty
.
Their
Standard
in
time
of
War
,
is
a
Cross
Gules
in
a
Field
Argent
,
also
4
bends
.
In
the
first
Room
above
stairs
,
called
the
Guard-Chamber
,
attend
the
Yeomen
of
the
Guard
of
His
Majesties
Body
;
whereof
there
were
wont
to
be
250
Men
of
the
best
quality
under
Gentry
,
and
of
larger
Stature
then
ordinary
(
for
every
one
was
to
be
Six
Foot
high
)
there
are
at
present
100
Yeomen
in
dayly
waiting
,
and
70
more
not
in
waiting
,
and
as
any
of
the
100
die
,
his
place
is
filled
up
out
of
the
70.
These
wear
Scarlet
Coats
Down
to
the
knee
,
and
Scarlet
Breeches
,
both
richly
Guarded
with
black
Velvet
,
and
rich
Badges
upon
their
Coats
both
before
and
behind
,
moreover
black
Velvet
round
broad
Crown'd
Caps
,
with
Ribbons
of
the
King's
Colour
:
One
half
of
them
of
late
bear
in
their
hands
Harquebuzes
,
and
the
other
half
Partizans
,
with
large
Swords
by
their
sides
:
they
have
Wages
and
Diet
allowed
them
.
Their
Office
is
to
wait
upon
the
King
in
His
standing
Houses
,
40
by
by
Day
,
and
20
to
Watch
by
Night
;
about
the
City
to
wait
upon
the
King's
Person
abroad
by
Water
or
Land
.
The
KING's
Palace
Royal
(
ratione
Regiae
dignitatis
)
is
exempted
from
all
Jurisdiction
of
any
Court
,
Civil
or
Ecclesiastick
,
but
only
to
the
Lord
Steward
,
and
in
his
absence
to
the
Treasurer
and
Comptroller
of
the
King's
Houshold
,
with
the
Steward
of
the
Marshalsea
,
who
by
vertue
of
their
Office
,
without
Commission
,
may
Hear
and
Determin
all
Treasons
,
Fellonies
,
Breaches
of
the
Peace
,
Committed
within
the
KING's
Court
or
Palace
.
The
Orders
and
Rules
for
the
Demeanor
of
all
Officers
and
Servants
,
are
hung
upon
Tables
in
several
Rooms
at
the
Court
,
and
Signed
with
the
King's
own
hand
,
worthy
to
be
Read
of
all
Strangers
.
The
Court
or
House
where
the
King
resides
,
is
accounted
a
Place
so
Sacred
,
that
if
any
Man
presume
to
strike
another
there
,
and
,
only
draw
blood
,
his
Right
hand
shall
be
cut
off
,
and
he
Committed
to
perpetual
Imprisonment
,
and
Fined
.
All
occasions
of
striking
are
also
there
forbidden
.
The
Court
of
England
,
for
Magnificence
,
Order
,
Number●
and
Quality
of
Officers
,
rich
Furniture
,
Entertainment
and
Civility
to
Strangers
,
and
for
plentiful
Tables
,
might
compare
with
the
best
in
Christendom
,
and
far
Excels
most
Courts
abroad
.
It
hath
for
a
long
time
been
a
Pattern
of
Hospitality
and
Charity
,
to
the
Nobility
and
Gentry
of
Eugland
.
All
Noblemen
or
Gentlemen
,
Subjects
or
Strangers
,
were
freely
Entertained
at
the
plentiful
Tables
of
His
Majesties
Officers
.
Divers
Dishes
were
provided
every
day
extraordinary
for
the
King's
Honour
.
Two
hundred
and
fourty
Gallons
of
Beer
a
day
,
were
allowed
at
the
Buttery-Bar
for
the
Poor
,
besides
all
the
broken
Meat
,
Bread
,
&c.
gathered
into
Baskets
,
and
given
to
the
Poor
,
at
the
Court-Gates
,
by
Two
Grooms
,
and
Two
Yeomen
,
of
the
Almonry
,
who
have
Salaries
of
His
Majesty
for
that
Service
.
The
Lord
Almoner
hath
the
Priviledge
to
give
the
King's
Dish
,
to
whatsoever
Poor
Man
he
pleases
;
that
is
,
the
first
Dish
at
Dinner
which
is
set
upon
the
King's
Table
,
or
in
stead
thereof
four
pence
a
day
,
(
which
anciently
was
equivalent
to
four
shillings
now
;
)
next
he
distributes
to
24
poor
men
,
named
by
the
Parishioners
of
the
Parish
adjacent
to
the
King's
place
of
Residence
,
to
each
of
them
four
pence
in
money
,
a
Two-penny
Loaf
,
and
a
Gallon
of
Beer
,
or
in
stead
thereof
three
pence
in
money
,
equally
to
be
divided
among
them
every
morning
at
seven
of
the
Clock
at
the
Court-gate
.
The
Sub-Almoner
is
to
scatter
New-coined
Two-pences
in
the
Towns
and
Places
where
the
King
passes
through
in
his
Progresses
,
to
a
certain
Sum
by
the
year
.
Besides
there
are
many
poor
Pensioners
,
either
because
so
old
that
they
are
unfit
for
service
,
or
the
Widows
of
any
of
the
King's
Servants
that
dyed
poor
,
who
have
a
Competency
duly
paid
them
:
Besides
,
there
are
distributed
among
the
Poor
the
large
Offerings
which
the
King
gives
in
Collar
days
.
The
magnificent
and
abundant
plenty
of
the
King's
Tables
,
hath
caused
amazement
in
Foreigners
.
In
the
Reign
of
King
Charles
I.
there
were
daily
in
his
Court
86
Tables
well
furnished
each
Meal
,
whereof
the
King's
Tables
had
28
Dishes
,
the
Queens
24
,
4
other
Tables
16
Dishes
each
,
3
other
10
Dishes
,
12
other
7
Dishes
,
17
other
5
Dishes
,
3
other
4
,
32
had
3
,
and
13
had
each
two
;
in
all
about
500
Dishes
each
Meal
,
with
Bread
,
Beer
,
Wine
,
and
all
other
things
necessary
.
There
was
spent
yearly
in
the
King's
House
of
gross
meat
1500
Oxen
,
7000
Sheep
,
1200
Veals
,
300
Porkers
,
400
Sturks
,
or
young
Beefs
,
6800
Lambs
,
300
Flitches
of
Bacon
,
and
26
Boars
.
Also
140
dozen
of
Geese
,
250
dozen
of
Capons
,
470
dozen
of
Hens
,
750
dozen
of
Pullets
,
1470
dozen
of
Chickens
,
for
Bread
36400
Bushels
of
Wheat
,
and
for
Drink
600
Tun
of
Wine
,
and
1700
Tun
of
Beer
.
Moreover
,
of
Butter
46640
,
together
with
the
Fish
,
and
Fowl
,
Venison
,
Fruit
,
Spice
proportionably
.
This
prodigious
plenty
in
the
King's
Court
,
caused
Foreigners
to
put
a
higher
value
upon
the
King
,
and
was
much
for
the
Honor
of
the
Kingdom
.
The
King's
Servants
being
Men
of
Quality
,
by
His
Majesties
special
Order
went
to
Westminster-Hall
in
Term-time
,
to
invite
Gentlemen
,
to
eat
of
the
King
's
Acates
or
Viands
,
and
in
Parliament-time
,
to
invite
the
Parliament-men
thereto
.
On
the
Thursday
before
Easter
,
called
Maunday
Thursday
,
the
King
,
or
his
Lord
Almoner
,
was
wont
to
wash
the
Feet
of
as
many
poor
Men
,
as
His
Majesty
had
Reigned
years
,
and
then
to
wipe
them
with
a
Towel
,
(
according
to
the
Pattern
of
our
Saviour
)
and
then
to
give
every
one
of
them
two
Yards
and
a
half
of
Woollen
Cloth
,
to
make
a
Suit
of
Cloaths
;
also
Linnen
Cloth
for
two
Shirts
,
and
a
pair
of
Stockings
,
and
a
pair
of
Shoes
,
three
Dishes
of
Fish
in
Wooden
Platters
,
one
of
Salt
Salmon
,
a
second
of
Green
Fish
or
Cod
,
a
third
of
Pickle-Herrings
,
Red
Herrings
,
and
Red
Sprats
,
a
Gallon
of
Beer
,
a
Quart
Pottle
of
Wine
,
and
four
six-penny
Loaves
of
Bread
,
also
a
Red
Leather-purse
with
as
many
single
Pence
as
the
King
is
years
old
,
and
in
such
another
Purse
as
many
shillings
as
the
King
hath
reigned
years
.
The
Queen
doth
the
like
to
divers
poor
Women
.
The
Form
of
Government
is
by
the
wisdom
of
many
Ages
,
so
contrived
and
regulated
,
that
it
is
almost
impossible
to
mend
it
.
The
Account
(
which
is
of
so
many
Natures
,
and
is
therefore
very
difficult
,
must
pass
through
many
hands
,
and
is
therefore
very
exact
)
is
so
wisely
contrived
and
methodized
,
that
without
the
Combination
of
every
one
of
these
following
Officers
,
viz.
the
Cofferer
,
a
Clerk
of
the
Green
Cloth
,
a
Clerk
Comptroller
,
a
Clerk
of
the
Kitchin
,
of
the
Spicery
or
Avery
,
or
a
particular
Clerk
,
together
with
the
conjunction
of
a
Purveyor
and
Waiter
in
the
Office
,
it
is
impossible
to
defraud
the
King
of
a
Loaf
of
Bread
,
of
a
Pint
of
Wine
,
a
Quart
of
Beer
,
or
Joint
of
Meat
,
or
Money
,
or
any
thing
else
.
Having
given
this
brief
Abstract
,
if
any
would
be
more
curious
to
read
it
more
at
large
,
or
about
the
Courts
of
the
Queen
and
Royal
Family
,
they
are
referred
to
the
Present
State
of
England
.
II.
West
from
Charing-Cross
,
there
stood
sometimes
an
Hospital
of
St.
James
,
founded
by
the
Citizens
of
London
,
before
the
time
of
any
Mans
memory
,
for
14
Sisters
,
Maidens
that
were
Leprous
.
This
Hospital
was
surrendred
to
King
Henry
VIII
.
in
the
23
of
his
Reign
.
The
Sisters
being
compounded
with
,
were
allowed
Pensions
for
term
of
their
Lives
,
and
the
King
built
there
a
goodly
Mannor
,
now
the
Duke
of
York's
Palace
,
annexing
thereunto
the
beautiful
Park
called
St.
James's
inclosed
with
a
Wall
of
Brick
,
serving
ind●●●erently
for
that
Palace
,
and
the
Court
or
Palace
of
Whitehall
,
which
,
in
a
word
,
for
extraordinary
Commodiousness
,
Conveniency
and
Situation
,
being
seated
between
a
Noble
Navigable
River
,
and
a
most
Deiectable
and
Spacious
Park
,
full
of
great
and
rare
Varieties
,
(
as
hath
been
hinted
)
for
the
Great
Chamber
there
,
called
the
Banquetting-House
,
the
like
whereof
for
Spaciousness
,
Beauty
Peinture
,
and
exact
Proportion
,
no
King
in
Europe
can
parallel
,
deserves
the
View
and
Notice
of
all
Strangers
.
III.
Although
it
might
seem
more
proper
to
treat
of
Westminster-Hall
,
under
the
Head
or
Chapter
of
Publick
Halls
or
Courts
,
yet
being
a
Place
so
Eminent
,
above
any
other
in
this
Renowned
City
,
and
formerly
a
Royal
Palace
,
we
shall
leave
our
Remarks
upon
it
with
the
Reader
in
this
place
,
and
give
a
brief
Account
,
(1)
of
its
Foundation
and
Antiquity
;
(2)
of
the
Courts
held
there
,
especially
the
High
Court
of
Parliament
,
which
,
we
hope
,
will
be
acceptable
.
1.
Many
Eminent
Authors
do
affirm
,
That
this
Great
Hall
was
built
by
William
Rufus
,
about
the
year
of
our
Lord
1097.
amongst
whom
,
Roger
of
Windover
,
and
Matthew
Paris
write
,
that
King
William
being
returned
out
of
Normandy
into
England
,
kept
his
Feast
of
Whitsontide
very
Royally
at
Westminster
in
the
New-Hall
,
which
he
had
lately
built
.
This
Hall
,
for
all
Dimensions
,
is
not
to
be
equalled
by
any
Hall
in
Christendom
.
It
is
(
say
some
)
270
Foot
in
length
,
and
74
broad
.
It
is
reported
that
the
King
should
say
to
one
that
thought
the
Hall
too
big
,
That
it
was
not
big
enough
by
one
half
,
and
was
but
a
Bed-chamber
in
comparison
of
what
he
meant
to
make
.
This
Palace
was
Repaired
Anno
1163.
by
Thomas
Becket
Chancellor
of
England
,
with
exceeding
great
celerity
and
speed
,
being
before
ready
to
have
fallen
down
.
It
hath
been
the
principal
Seat
and
Palace
of
all
the
Kings
of
England
since
the
Conquest
,
where
they
kept
Coronation
,
and
other
Solemn
Feasts
,
till
the
time
of
King
Henry
VIII
.
In
this
Palace
(
by
a
marvelous
Inundation
or
Overflowing
of
the
River
of
Thames
in
the
year
1236
,
which
drowned
many
Cattle
and
Men
,
Women
and
Children
)
Men
did
Row
with
Wherries
in
the
midst
of
the
Hall
.
The
like
(
or
rather
more
dreadful
Inundation
)
hapned
in
the
year
1242.
the
Thames
overflowing
the
Banks
about
Lambeth
.
In
the
year
1299
,
27
Edw.
1.
this
Palace
was
burnt
by
a
vehement
Fire
,
kindled
in
the
lesser
Hall
of
the
King's
House
,
by
which
the
same
(
with
many
other
Houses
adjoining
,
together
with
the
Queens
Chamber
)
was
consumed
,
but
after
that
repaired
.
In
the
year
1397
,
King
Richard
II.
caused
the
Walls
,
Windows
and
Roof
to
be
taken
down
,
and
new
made
,
with
a
stately
Porch
,
and
divers
Lodgings
of
a
marvelous
Work
,
and
with
great
Costs
,
which
being
finished
,
Anno
1399.
He
kept
a
most
Royal
Christmas
there
,
with
daily
Justings
and
Runnings
at
Tilt
,
whereunto
resorted
such
a
number
of
People
,
that
there
was
every
day
spent
28
or
26
Oxen
,
300
Sheep
,
and
Fowl
without
number
.
He
caused
a
Gown
to
be
made
for
himself
of
Gold
,
garnished
with
Pearl
and
precious
Stones
,
to
the
value
of
3000
Marks
.
There
daily
fed
there
10000
People
,
as
appeareth
by
the
Messes
,
told
out
from
the
Kitchin
,
to
300
Servitors
.
A
great
part
of
this
Palace
was
burnt
Anno
1512
,
the
4th
of
Henry
VIII
.
since
which
time
it
hath
not
been
Re-edified
:
Only
the
Great
Hall
,
with
the
Offices
near
adjoining
,
are
kept
in
good
Reparations
,
and
serveth
,
as
afore
,
for
Feasts
at
Coronations
,
Arraignments
of
Great
Persons
charged
with
Treason
,
and
keeping
of
the
Courts
of
Justice
.
For
whereas
formerly
the
Courts
and
Benches
followed
the
King
wheresoever
he
went
,
before
and
since
the
Conquest
,
but
being
found
to
be
troublesom
,
chargeable
,
and
inconvenient
to
the
People
,
it
was
,
Anno
1224
,
9
H.
3.
agreed
,
that
the●e
should
be
a
standing
place
appointed
,
where
Matters
should
be
heard
and
judged
,
which
was
in
the
Great
Hall
at
Westminster
.
I.
The
Court
of
COMMON-PLEAS
.
Where
he
appointed
Three
Judgment-Seats
,
viz.
at
the
Entry
on
the
Right-hand
,
the
Court
of
Common-Pleas
;
So
called
,
because
there
are
debated
the
usual
Pleas
between
Subject
and
Subject
,
as
about
Tenures
of
Lands
,
and
Civil
Actions
.
None
but
Sergeants
at
Law
may
plead
in
this
Court
,
and
so
many
of
them
as
the
King
shall
appoint
,
are
bound
by
Oath
to
assist
all
that
have
any
Cause
depending
in
that
Court
.
Pleas
are
distinguished
into
Pleas
of
the
Crown
,
(
as
Treason
and
Felony
,
with
Misprision
of
Felony
,
which
belong
to
the
Kings-Bench
)
and
Common
or
Civil
Pleas
,
whereof
this
Court
takes
Cognizance
.
This
Court
may
grant
Prohibitions
,
as
the
Kings-Bench
doth
.
The
Chief
Judge
is
called
the
Lord
Chief
Justice
of
the
Common-Pleas
,
or
de
Communi
Banco
,
the
Common
Bench
,
who
holds
his
place
by
Letters
Patents
,
Durante
Beneplacito
,
and
so
do
the
other
inferior
Judges
of
this
Court
,
whereof
there
are
commonly
Three
.
Here
all
Civil
Causes
,
Real
and
Personal
,
are
usually
Tryed
,
according
to
the
strict
Rule
of
the
Law
.
Real
Actions
are
pleadable
in
no
other
Court
,
nor
Fines
levied
,
or
Recoveries
suffered
,
but
only
in
this
Court
.
The
King
allows
to
the
Lord
Chief
Justice
of
this
Court
,
a
Fee
,
Reward
,
Robes
,
and
two
Tun
of
Wine
.
Also
to
the
other
Judges
of
this
Court
,
and
to
four
Sergeants
,
is
allow'd
Fees
,
Reward
and
Robes
to
each
one
.
The
Officers
are
many
,
Custos
Brevium
,
three
Protonatories
,
Clerk
of
the
Warrants
,
Clerk
of
the
Kings
Silver
,
four
Exigenters
,
fourteen
Filazers
,
Clerk
of
the
Juries
,
Clerk
of
the
Essoignes
,
Clerk
of
the
Outlawries
,
which
belongeth
to
the
Attorney
General
,
who
exercises
it
by
Deputy
,
&c.
For
which
at
large
,
see
the
Present
State
of
England
,
Pag.
102.
Edit.
1679.
II.
KINGS-BENCH
.
At
the
upper
End
of
the
Hall
,
on
the
Right-hand
,
or
South-east
Corner
,
the
Court
of
Kings-Bench
was
appointed
,
which
is
of
a
larger
Extent
of
Power
,
and
more
Uncontroulable
than
any
other
Tribunal
:
For
the
Law
presumes
,
that
the
King
is
there
still
in
Person
,
He
being
Lord
Chief
Justice
of
England
Himself
;
yet
it
is
observable
,
that
though
He
should
personally
sit
upon
the
Bench
,
He
can
pass
no
Sentence
of
Judgment
,
but
by
the
Mouths
of
His
Judges
,
who
did
use
to
sit
there
at
His
Feet
when
He
was
present
.
After
the
House
of
Lords
in
Parliament
,
this
is
the
Highest
Court
in
England
,
and
the
Judicature
,
in
the
Absence
of
the
King
,
belongs
to
His
Judges
.
In
this
Court
are
handled
the
Pleas
of
the
Crown
,
all
things
that
concern
loss
of
Life
or
Member
,
of
any
Subject
;
for
then
the
King
is
concern'd
,
because
the
Life
and
Limb
of
the
Subject
(
in
the
sense
of
the
Law
)
belong
only
to
the
King
,
so
that
the
Pleas
here
are
between
the
King
and
the
Subject
.
Here
are
handled
all
Treasons
,
Felonies
,
Breach
of
Peace
,
Oppression
,
Misgovernment
,
&c.
This
Court
hath
power
to
Examine
and
Correct
all
Errors
in
Facto
,
and
in
Jure
,
of
all
the
Judges
and
Justices
of
England
in
their
Judgments
and
Proceedings
;
and
this
not
only
in
Pleas
of
the
Crown
,
but
in
all
Pleas
Real
,
Personal
,
and
Mixt
,
except
only
in
the
Exchequer
.
In
this
High
Court
sit
commonly
four
Grave
Reverend
Judges
,
whereof
the
first
is
stiled
,
The
Lord
Chief
Justice
of
the
Kings-Bench
,
and
is
Created
not
by
Patent
,
but
by
a
short
Writ
,
yet
of
large
Extent
in
point
of
Authority
,
thus
—
Rex
,
&c.
Mathaeo
Hale
Militi
,
salutem
.
Sciatis
quod
constituimus
vos
Justiciarium
nostrum
Capitalem
ad
placita
coram
nobis
tenenda
,
Durante
beneplacito
nostro
,
teste
Me
Ipso
apud
Westm.
&c.
That
is
in
English
,
The
King
,
&c.
To
Sir
Matthew
Hale
Kt.
Greeting
.
Know
ye
,
That
we
have
Constituted
you
our
Capital
(
or
Chief
)
Justice
in
Pleas
held
before
Vs
,
during
Our
Pleasure
.
Witness
My Self
at
Westminster
,
&c.
The
rest
of
the
Judges
of
the
Kings-Bench
,
hold
their
Pleas
by
Letters
Patents
,
in
these
words
—
Rex
omniblis
ad
quos
praesentes
literae
pervenerint
,
Salutem
.
Sciatis
quod
Constituimus
Dilectum
&
Fidelem
nostrum
A.
B.
Militem
,
unum
Justiciariorum
ad
placita
coram
nobis
tenenda
,
Durante
beneplacito
nostro
.
Teste
,
&c.
These
Judges
,
and
all
the
Officers
belonging
to
this
Court
,
have
all
Salaries
from
the
King
,
and
the
chief
of
them
have
Robes
and
Liveries
out
of
the
great
Wardrobe
.
In
this
Court
,
all
young
Lawyers
that
have
been
called
to
the
Bar
,
are
allowed
to
plead
and
practise
.
This
Court
may
grant
Prohibitions
,
to
keep
other
Courts
,
both
Ecclesiastical
and
Temporal
,
within
their
due
Bounds
and
Jurisdiction
.
The
Jurisdiction
of
this
Court
is
general
,
extending
to
all
England
,
as
before
.
None
can
be
a
Judge
in
this
Court
,
unless
he
be
a
Sergeant
of
the
Degree
of
the
Coif
,
that
is
,
a
Sergeant
at
Law
,
(
and
yet
in
the
Writ
or
Patent
to
them
made
,
they
are
not
called
Sergeants
)
who
upon
taking
this
high
Degree
,
is
obliged
to
wear
a
Lawn
Coif
under
his
Cap
for
ever
after
.
For
the
Officers
of
this
Court
,
see
the
Present
State
of
England
,
of
the
same
Edition
,
Pag.
98.
III.
CHANCERY
.
On
the
Left-hand
,
or
South-west
Corner
,
sitteth
the
Lord
Chancellor
,
accompanied
with
the
Master
of
the
Rolls
,
and
eleven
other
Men
learned
in
the
Civil
Law
,
and
called
Masters
of
Chancery
,
which
have
the
King's
Fee
.
This
Court
is
placed
next
the
Kings-Bench
,
to
mitigate
the
Rigor
of
it
.
It
is
Curia
Cancellariae
,
because
(
as
some
think
)
the
Judge
of
this
Court
sate
anciently
intra
Cancellos
,
or
Lattices
,
as
the
East-end
of
Churches
are
separated
per
Cancellos
,
from
the
Body
of
the
Church
,
as
peculiarly
belonging
to
the
Priest
,
and
were
thence
called
Chancels
.
This
Court
is
Officina
Justitiae
,
the
Fountain
of
all
our
Fundamental
Laws
,
and
Proceedings
in
Law
,
and
the
Original
of
all
other
Courts
.
It
is
as
antient
as
the
Civility
of
the
Nation
,
though
perhaps
by
another
Name
.
This
Court
proceeds
,
either
ordinarily
according
to
the
Laws
,
Statutes
and
Customs
,
of
the
Nation
,
and
in
Latin
,
granting
out
Writs
Mandatory
,
and
Remedial
,
Writs
of
Grace
:
or
else
according
to
Equity
and
Conscience
,
and
by
English
Bill
:
so
that
the
Chancery
hath
two
Courts
in
one
:
The
Equitable
part
is
by
Bills
,
Answers
,
and
Decrees
,
to
Examin
Frauds
,
Combinations
,
Trusts
,
Secret
Vses
,
&c.
To
moderate
the
Rigour
of
the
Laws
,
and
Rescue
Men
out
of
the
hands
of
their
Oppressors
.
To
Relieve
a
Man
especially
in
three
things
,
viz.
against
Cheats
,
unfortunate
Accidents
,
and
Breaches
of
Trust
.
Out
of
this
Court
Issue
out
Writs
,
or
Summons
for
Parliaments
,
Edicts
,
Proclamations
,
Charters
,
Protections
,
safe
Conducts
,
Writs
of
Moderata
Misericordia
,
when
any
Person
hath
been
Amerced
too
high
,
are
for
a
reasonable
part
of
Goods
for
Widows
and
Orphans
,
Patents
for
Sheriffs
,
Writs
of
Certiorari
to
remove
Records
,
and
false
Judgments
in
inferior
Courts
,
Writs
of
Audita
Querela
,
and
Scire
Facias
:
here
are
Sealed
and
Inrolled
,
Letters
Patents
,
Treaties
and
Leagues
with
Foreign
Princes
,
Deeds
between
Party
and
Party
touching
Lands
,
Estates
,
or
Purchasers
,
taking
Recognizances
,
and
making
Extents
upon
Statutes
,
and
Recognizances
for
Payment
of
Money
,
or
securing
of
Contracts
,
Writs
Remedial
or
Magisterial
,
Commissions
of
Appeal
,
Oyer
and
Terminer
,
&c.
The
Court
of
Common
Pleas
,
which
are
between
Subject
and
Subject
,
hath
its
Original
and
Commission
from
the
Chancery
,
and
cannot
hold
Pleas
without
it
.
For
the
Latin
part
of
this
Court
,
are
the
24
Cursitors
;
and
for
the
English
part
,
are
the
Six
Clerks
.
The
Court
of
Equity
,
that
proceeds
not
according
to
Law
,
is
no
Court
of
Record
,
and
therefore
binds
only
the
Person
,
not
his
Lands
or
Goods
.
The
Judge
of
this
Court
is
the
Lord
Chancellor
,
or
Lord
Keeper
of
the
Great
Seal
of
England
.
He
is
here
the
Sole
Judge
,
whereas
in
other
Courts
there
are
three
or
four
Judges
.
But
he
may
and
doth
often
,
in
Cases
of
greater
Weight
and
Difficulty
,
in
Cases
of
Law
,
call
some
of
the
other
Judges
to
his
assistance
;
and
therefore
it
is
said
,
this
Office
may
be
discharged
by
one
that
is
no
professed
Lawyer
,
as
it
has
been
frequently
to
their
great
Praise
.
It
is
the
highest
Dignity
in
England
,
that
a
Lay-Man
is
capable
of
,
it
is
Summum
ambientis
animi
quasi
solstitium
;
and
the
Chancellor
is
,
Magistratum
omnium
Antistes
.
Antiently
the
Lord
Chancellor
had
somtimes
his
Vice-Chancellor
,
commonly
called
Keeper
of
the
Great
Seal
,
but
of
latter
times
they
differ
only
in
Name
.
The
Chancellor
is
said
to
be
Keeper
of
the
King's
Conscience
,
to
Judge
secundum
aequum
&
bonum
;
according
to
Equity
and
Conscience
;
he
is
to
moderate
the
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
;
the
exact
Rigor
and
Letter
of
the
Law
,
whereunto
other
Judges
are
exactly
tyed
:
For
the
Princes
of
this
Realm
,
(
in
imitation
of
the
KING
of
Kings
,
governing
the
Wo●ld
by
Justice
and
Mercy
)
have
Erected
two
Supre●m
Tribunals
together
,
at
the
upper
end
of
Westminster-Hall
,
one
of
Justice
,
wherein
nothing
but
the
strict
Letter
of
the
Law
is
observed
;
and
the
other
of
Mercy
,
where
in
the
Rigor
of
the
Law
is
tempered
with
the
sweetness
of
Equity
;
which
is
nothing
else
,
but
Mercy
qualifying
the
sharpness
of
Justice
.
This
Court
being
a
Court
of
Conscience
,
the
less
it
is
perplexed
with
the
Quirks
of
Lawyers
,
the
more
it
is
guided
by
Conscience
and
Equity
.
The
manner
of
proceeding
in
this
Court
is
thus
;
the
Action
is
by
Bill
or
Plaint
,
the
Witnesses
Examined
in
private
,
the
Decrees
in
English
or
Latin
,
not
in
French
.
No
Jury
of
Twelve
Men
,
but
all
Sentences
are
given
by
the
Judge
of
the
Court.
The
place
of
Master
of
the
Rolls
is
of
great
Dignity
,
in
the
Gift
of
the
King
,
for
life
,
or
during
pleasure
.
This
Officer
hath
Jure
Officii
,
the
Gift
of
those
considerable
Officers
of
the
Six
Clerks
in
Chancery
,
hath
the
keeping
of
the
Rolls
,
and
in
the
absence
of
the
Chancellor
,
hears
Causes
,
and
makes
Orders
by
Vertue
of
a
Commission
,
with
two
Masters
,
and
that
Jure
Officii
by
right
of
Office
.
This
Court
is
always
open
,
whereas
all
the
others
are
shut
,
but
only
in
Term
time
;
so
that
if
a
Man
be
wrongfully
Imprisoned
,
in
the
Vacation
time
out
of
Term
,
the
Lord
Chancellor
may
Grant
his
Writ
of
Habeas
Corpus
.
and
do
him
Justice
according
to
Law
,
so
likewise
may
this
Gourt
Grant
Prohibitions
in
time
of
Vacation
,
as
well
as
in
Term
time
.
The
Defendant
is
to
Answer
Bills
and
Interrogatories
upon
Oath
,
though
to
the
accusing
of
himself
in
divers
matters
Dammageable
and
Penal
;
the
Witnesses
are
to
Depose
upon
Interrogatories
and
in
perpetuam
rei
Memoriam
,
by
the
Term
and
use
of
Final
Decree
,
agreeable
with
the
Civil
Law
.
In
the
Master
of
the
Rolls
Office
are
kept
all
the
Rolls
,
since
the
beginning
of
King
Henry
the
VII
.
the
rest
are
kept
in
the
Tower
of
London
.
In
this
Gift
are
besides
the
Six
Clerks
Office
,
the
Offices
of
the
Examiners
,
and
three
of
the
Clerks
of
the
Petty-Bag-Office
.
The
Office
of
Clerk
of
the
Crown
,
is
of
High
importance
;
he
is
either
by
himself
or
Deputy
continually
to
attend
the
Lord
Chancellor
for
special
matters
of
State
,
and
hath
place
in
the
Higher
House
of
Parliament
.
He
makes
all
Writs
for
Election
of
Members
of
Parliament
,
Sitting
in
Parliament
,
upon
Warrant
directed
to
him
upon
the
Death
or
Removal
of
any
Member
;
and
also
Commissions
of
Oyer
and
Terminer
,
Goal-Delivery
,
Commissions
of
Peace
,
and
many
other
Commissions
distributing
Justice
to
His
Majesties
Subjects
.
The
Office
of
the
Protonotary
of
this
Court
is
chiefly
to
expedite
Commissions
for
Embassies
.
The
Office
of
the
Clerk
of
the
Hanaper
(
or
Hamper
)
is
to
receive
all
the
Money
due
to
the
King
for
the
Seals
of
Charters
,
Patents
,
Commissions
,
and
Writs
,
and
to
attend
the
Keeper
of
the
Seal
daily
in
Term
time
,
and
at
all
times
of
Sealing
,
with
Leather
Bags
now
(
but
antiently
probably
with
Hampers
)
wherein
are
put
all
the
Sealed
Charters
,
Patents
,
&c.
And
then
those
Bags
delivered
to
the
Comptroller
of
the
Hamper
.
The
Office
of
Warden
of
the
Fleet
,
or
Keeper
of
the
Fleet-Prison
,
is
very
Considerable
.
He
is
to
take
care
of
the
Prisoners
there
,
who
are
commonly
such
as
are
sent
thither
from
this
Court
,
for
contempt
of
the
King
,
or
His
Laws
,
on
such
as
will
not
pay
their
Debts
,
&c.
The
Sergeant
at
Arms
Office
,
is
to
bear
a
Gilt
Mace
before
the
Lord
Chancellor
or
Keeper
for
the
time
being
.
The
Six
Clerks
are
Officers
of
great
account
,
next
in
Degree
to
the
Twelve
Masters
in
Chancery
,
whose
Office
is
to
Inroll
Commissions
,
Pardons
,
Patents
,
Warrants
,
&c.
that
are
passed
the
Great
Seal
.
They
are
Attorneys
for
Plaintiffs
and
Defendants
,
in
Causes
depending
in
this
Court
.
Their
Offices
are
at
a
place
called
Six-Clerks-Office
in
Chancery-Lane
;
they
keep
Commons
together
in
Term
time
.
The
Three
Clerks
of
the
Petty-Bag
,
are
under
the
Master
of
the
Rolls
,
they
make
all
Patents
,
for
Customers
Comptrollers
,
all
Conge●d
'
Estires
,
first
Summons
of
Nobility
,
Clergy
,
Knights
,
Citizens
,
and
Burgesses
to
Parliament
.
From
the
Subpoena-Office
,
are
Issued
Writs
to
Summon
Persons
to
appear
in
Chancery
.
There
are
two
Examiners
who
are
to
examin
Witnesses
upon
upon
their
Oaths
in
any
suit
on
both
sides
.
The
Curssiters
Office
is
to
make
out
Original
Writs
,
they
were
antiently
called
Clerici
de
Cursu
.
They
are
in
Number
24
,
whereof
each
one
hath
certain
Counties
and
Cities
allotted
to
him
.
They
are
a
Corporation
of
themselves
,
&c.
IV.
EXCHEQVER
.
Within
the
Port
or
Entry
into
the
Hall
,
on
either
side
,
are
ascendings
up
into
large
Chambers
without
the
Hall
,
adjoyning
thereunto
,
wherein
certain
Courts
be
kept
,
namely
on
the
Right
hand
,
is
the
Court
of
Exchequer
,
which
is
so
called
▪
as
some
think
,
from
a
Chequer-wrought-Carpet
,
covering
the
great
Table
in
that
Court
,
or
else
from
the
French
word
Exchequer
,
a
Chess
Board
,
because
the
Accomptants
in
that
Office
,
were
wont
to
use
such
Boards
in
their
Calculation
.
Here
are
Tried
all
Causes
that
belong
to
the
King's
Treasury
or
Revenue
,
as
touching
Accounts
,
Disbursements
,
Customs
,
and
all
Fines
imposed
upon
any
Man
.
In
this
Court
do
Sit
the
Lord
Treasurer
,
the
Chancellor
of
the
Exchequer
,
the
Lord
Chief
Baron
,
and
Four
other
Learned
Judges
,
called
Barons
of
the
Exchequ●r
,
and
one
other
Cursitor-Baron
,
but
the
two
first
●●●dom
Sit
,
and
the
five
last
seldom
fail
.
The
first
of
these
five
is
the
Principal
Judge
of
this
Court
which
is
a
place
of
High
Honour
and
Profit
,
he
i●
stiled
Lord
Chief
Baron
,
is
created
by
Letters
Pa●tents
to
hold
this
Dignity
,
quam
diu
bene
se
gesseri●
wherein
he
hath
a
more
fixed
Estate
than
the
Chi●
Justices
of
either
Bench
,
for
the
Law
intends
this
a●
Estate
for
Life
:
In
the
absence
of
the
Lord
Chie●
Baron
,
the
other
three
Barons
supply
his
place
,
ac●cording
to
their
Seniority
;
but
the
5
th
is
said
to
b●
Cursitor
of
the
Court
,
and
Administers
the
Oaths
t●
the
Sheriffs
,
under-Sheriffs
,
Bayliffs
,
Searchers
,
Surveyors
,
&c.
of
the
Custom-House
.
In
the
Exchequer
are
held
two
Courts
,
one
o●
Law
,
another
of
Equity
,
all
Judicial
proceedings
according
to
Law
,
are
Coram
Baronibus
,
before
the
Barons
;
but
the
Court
of
Equity
held
in
the
Exchequer-Chamber
,
is
,
Coram
Thesaurario
,
Cancellario
,
&
Baronibus
,
before
the
Treasurer
,
Chancellor
,
and
Barons
.
The
Authority
of
this
Court
is
of
Original
Jurisdiction
,
without
any
Commission
.
All
the
Twelve
Judges
belonging
to
these
High
Tribunals
,
sit
in
Robes
,
and
Square
Caps
like
Doctors
of
Divinity
,
because
(
as
some
say
,
)
they
were
in
old
times
most
commonly
Clergy
Men.
There
are
divers
Officers
belonging
to
the
upper
Exchequer
,
as
the
King's
Remembrancer
,
in
whose
Office
are
Eight
Sworn
Clerks
.
All
Accounts
pass
there
that
concern
the
King's
Revenue
,
for
Customs
,
Excise
,
Hearth-Money
,
Subsidies
,
and
all
aids
granted
to
the
King
in
Parliament
,
and
all
other
Accounts
of
what
nature
soever
,
concerning
the
King's
Revenue
,
either
Certain
or
Casual
;
all
Securities
whether
by
Bond
or
Recognizances
to
the
King
for
any
of
His
Debts
,
are
taken
here
.
All
proceedings
upon
any
Statute
,
by
information
for
Custom
,
Excises
,
or
any
other
Penal
Law
.
All
proceedings
upon
the
said
Bonds
or
Recognizances
,
or
any
other
Bonds
taken
in
the
King's
Name
by
Officers
appointed
thereunto
,
under
the
Great
Seal
of
England
,
and
transmitted
into
this
Office
for
Recovery
thereof
.
From
whence
Issue
forth
Process
,
to
cause
all
Accountants
to
come
in
and
Account
,
&c.
This
Office
is
in
the
King's
Gift
.
The
Office
of
the
Lord
Treasurer's
Remembrancer
is
to
make
Process
against
all
Sheriffs
,
Receivers
,
Bayliffs
,
&c.
for
their
Accounts
,
and
many
other
things
of
Moment
,
as
Estreal
Rules
,
all
Charters
and
Letters
Patents
,
whereupon
any
Rents
are
reserved
to
the
King
.
This
also
is
in
the
KING's
Gift
.
The
Clerk
of
the
Pipe
hath
all
the
Accounts
and
Debts
due
to
the
King
,
drawn
down
out
of
the
Remembrancers
Office
,
and
chargeth
them
down
out
of
the
Remembrancers
Office
,
and
chargeth
them
down
in
the
Great
Roll
or
Pipe
,
(
and
therefore
probably
called
the
Pipe-Office
;
)
he
hath
under
him
Eight
Sworn
Clerks
.
Here
Accountants
have
their
quietus
est
,
and
here
are
made
Leafes
of
extended
Lands
.
The
Comptroller
of
the
Pipe
writes
out
all
Summons
twice
every
Year
to
the
High
Sheriffs
,
to
Levy
the
Farms
and
Debts
of
the
Pipe
.
He
keeps
a
Roll
of
the
Pipe-Office
Accounts
,
whereby
to
discover
any
thing
that
shall
be
amiss
.
In
the
Office
of
the
Clerk
of
the
Pleas
,
all
the
Officers
of
the
Exchequer
,
and
other
priviledged
Persons
,
as
Debtors
to
the
King
,
&c.
are
to
have
their
Priviledge
to
Plead
,
and
be
Impleaded
,
as
to
all
matters
at
the
Common
Law
.
And
the
Proceedings
are
accordingly
by
Declarations
,
Pleas
,
and
Trials
,
as
at
the
Common
Law
,
because
they
should
not
be
drawn
out
of
their
own
Court
,
where
their
attendance
is
Required
.
In
this
Office
are
four
Sworn
Attorneys
.
To
the
For●ign
Opposers-Office
,
all
Sheriffs
repair
to
be
by
him
opposed
of
their
Green-Wax
,
and
from
thence
is
drawn
down
a
Charge
upon
the
Sheriffs
,
to
the
Clerk
of
the
Pipe
.
This
Office
is
kept
in
Grays-Inn
.
The
Office
of
the
Clerk
of
the
Estreats
is
to
receive
every
Term
the
Estreats
or
Extracts
out
of
the
Office
of
the
Lord
Treasurer's
Remembrancer
,
and
to
write
them
out
to
be
Levied
for
the
King
.
Also
to
make
Schedules
for
such
Sums
as
are
to
be
discharged
.
The
Auditors
of
the
Imprest
,
Audit
the
Great
accounts
of
the
King's
Customs
,
Wardrobe
,
Mint
,
First
Fruits
and
Tenths
,
Naval
and
Military
Expences
,
Moneys
imprested
,
&c.
The
Auditors
of
the
Revenue
,
Audit
all
the
accounts
of
the
King's
other
Revenue
,
that
arise
by
Aids
granted
in
Parliament
.
The
Remembrancer
of
the
first
Fruits
and
Tenths
,
takes
all
Compositions
,
for
first
Fruits
and
Tenths
,
and
makes
Process
against
such
as
pay
not
the
same
.
This
Office
is
kept
in
Hatton-Garden
,
&c.
As
to
the
other
part
of
the
Exchequer
,
where
the
King's
Revenue
is
received
and
disbursed
,
the
Principal
Officer
is
the
Lord
Treasurer
,
whose
place
is
somtimes
(
and
is
at
this
present
)
managed
by
Commissioners
,
appointed
by
His
Majesty
.
The
next
is
the
Chancellor
of
the
Exchequer
,
who
is
an
Officer
of
great
Account
and
Authority
.
He
hath
a
Principal
Power
,
not
only
in
the
Exchequer-Court
,
but
also
here
,
in
the
managing
and
disposing
of
the
King's
Revenue
:
he
hath
the
Custody
of
the
Exchequer-Seal
.
He
hath
the
Gift
of
the
Comptroller
,
or
Clerk
of
the
Pipe
,
of
the
Clerk
of
the
Pleas
,
of
the
Clerk
of
the
Nichils
,
and
of
the
Seal
of
the
Court
.
He
is
also
under
Treasurer
,
and
hath
the
Gift
of
the
two
Praisers
of
the
Court.
Then
there
are
two
Chamberlains
of
the
Exchequer
,
in
whose
Custody
are
many
ancient
Records
,
Leagues
and
Treaties
with
Foreign
Princes
,
the
Standards
of
Moneys
,
Weights
and
Measures
,
those
antient
Books
called
Dooms-Day
,
and
the
Black
Book
of
the
Exchequer
.
The
former
was
six
Years
a
making
by
William
the
Conqueror
,
and
is
a
Cense
or
compute
of
all
England
as
it
was
then
,
viz.
all
the
Lands
,
with
the
value
and
Owners
,
and
Account
of
all
Cities
,
Towns
,
Villages
,
Families
,
Men
,
Souldiers
,
Husbandmen
,
Bondmen
,
Servants
,
Cattle
;
how
much
Money
,
Rents
,
Meadow
,
Pasture
,
Woods
,
Tillage
,
Common
,
Marsh
,
Heath
,
every
one
possessed
.
So
that
in
Disputes
about
Taxes
,
this
determined
it
without
further
controversie
,
as
the
Book
of
the
Great
day
of
Doom
will
then
,
(
and
therefore
so
called
.
)
It
is
kept
under
three
Locks
,
and
not
to
be
lookt
into
under
6
s.
8
d.
And
for
every
Line
Transcribed
,
is
to
be
paid
4.
d.
The
Auditor
of
the
Receipts
,
is
to
File
the
Bills
of
The
Tellers
,
whereby
they
charge
themselves
with
all
Money
Received
,
and
to
draw
all
Orders
to
be
Signed
by
the
Lord
High
Treasurer
,
for
Issuing
forth
all
Moneys
by
Vertue
of
the
Privy
Seals
,
which
are
Recorded
and
Lodged
in
his
Office
.
He
makes
all
Debentures
to
the
several
Persons
who
have
Fees
,
Annuities
,
or
Pensions
,
by
Letters
Patents
,
from
the
King
,
out
of
the
Exchequer
,
and
directs
them
for
payment
to
the
Tellers
.
He
receives
every
Week
the
state
of
the
Account
of
each
Teller
,
and
also
Weekly
certifies
the
whole
to
the
Lord
High
Treasurer
,
who
presently
presents
the
Estimate
or
Ballance
to
the
King
.
He
takes
the
Tellers
Account
in
Gross
at
Easter
and
Michaelmas
.
By
him
are
kept
the
several
Registers
appointed
for
paying
all
Persons
in
Course
,
upon
several
Branches
of
the
King's
Revenue
;
he
is
Scriptor
Talliorum
,
hath
five
Clerks
to
manage
the
whole
Estate
of
Moneys
received
,
disbursed
and
remaining
.
There
are
four
Tellers
who
Receive
all
Moneys
▪
due
to
the
King
,
and
thereupon
throw
down
a
Bill
through
a
Pipe
into
the
Tally-Court
,
where
it
is
received
by
the
Auditors
Clerk
,
who
there
attends
to
write
the
words
of
the
said
Bill
upon
a
Tally
,
and
then
delivers
the
same
to
be
Entred
by
the
Clerk
of
the
Pells
,
or
his
under
Clerk
,
who
Enters
it
in
his
Book
.
Then
the
Tally
is
cloven
by
the
two
Deputy
Chamberlains
,
who
have
the
Seals
;
and
while
the
Senior
Deputy
reads
one
part
,
the
Junior
Examines
the
other
part
with
the
other
two
Clerks
.
The
Clerk
of
the
Pels
,
Enters
every
Tellers
Bill
into
a
Parchment
of
Skin
,
(
in
Latin
Pellis
,
whence
this
Office
hath
its
Name
,
)
all
Receipts
and
Payments
for
the
King
,
for
what
cause
,
or
by
whomsoever
,
and
is
in
Nature
of
a
Comptroller
,
hath
four
Clerks
,
whereof
one
is
for
the
Introitus
,
and
another
for
the
Exitus
.
Moreover
he
is
to
make
Weekly
and
half
Yearly
Books
,
both
of
the
Receipts
and
Payments
which
are
delivered
to
the
Lord
Treasurer
.
He
that
Pays
the
King
any
Moneys
,
receives
▪
for
his
Acquittance
a
Tally
;
(
so
called
from
the
French
Verb
Tallier
to
cut
)
that
is
,
one
half
of
a
Stick
cloven
,
with
certain
proportionable
Notches
thereon
,
expressive
of
the
Sum
from
the
said
Deputy
Chamberlains
,
who
keep
the
other
cloven
part
of
the
Stick
,
called
the
Foyl
,
and
Delivers
it
to
the
Tally-Joyners
on
the
other
side
of
the
Exchequer
,
who
are
also
Deputies
to
the
Chamberlains
,
an●
they
joyn
it
with
the
Foyl
,
which
agreeing
,
the●
give
it
their
Test
,
and
send
it
by
an
Officer
of
the●
own
to
the
Pipe
,
where
their
quietus
est
is
Ingrosse●
in
Parchment
.
In
the
Office
of
the
Deputy-Chamberlains
:
Westminster
,
are
preserved
all
the
Counterfoyls
〈◊〉
these
Tallies
,
so
exactly
ranged
by
Months
an●
Years
,
that
they
are
to
be
presently
found
out
,
t●
be
joined
with
their
respective
Stock
or
Tally
,
when
required
,
which
proving
true
,
they
deliver
it
Attested
for
a
Lawful
Tally
,
to
the
Clerk
of
the
Pipe
,
for
to
be
allowed
in
the
great
Roll
;
but
in
Case
any
Corruption
hath
been
used
,
the
same
is
easily
and
soon
discovered
,
and
the
Offender
severely
punished
,
by
Fine
and
Imprisonment
.
This
Antient
way
of
striking
of
Tallies
hath
been
found
,
by
long
experience
,
to
be
absolutely
the
best
way
that
ever
was
invented
,
for
it
is
Morally
impossible
so
to
Falsifie
or
Counterfeit
a
Tally
,
but
that
upon
rejoyning
it
with
the
Counterfoyl
,
it
will
be
obvious
to
every
Eye
,
either
in
the
Notches
,
or
in
the
Cleaving
,
in
the
Longitude
,
Latitude
,
Natural
growth
or
shape
of
the
Counterfoyl
;
whereas
Acquittances
in
Writing
cannot
be
so
done
,
but
that
they
may
be
Counterfeited
by
skilful
Penmen
,
and
that
so
exactly
,
as
that
he
who
wrote
the
Original
,
shall
not
be
able
to
know
his
own
hand
from
the
Counterfeit
,
as
hath
been
frequently
seen
in
all
the
Courts
of
Westminster
.
There
are
two
Vshers
,
whose
Office
it
is
to
secure
the
Exchequer
by
Day
and
Night
,
and
all
the
Avenues
leading
to
the
same
,
and
to
furnish
all
Necessaries
,
as
Books
,
Paper
,
&c.
There
is
a
Tally-Cutter
,
and
four
Messengers
.
This
Exchequer
is
the
best
ordered
publick
Revenue
in
the
World
.
Court
of
the
Dutchy
of
Lancaster
.
Before
we
come
to
treat
of
the
High
Court
of
Parliament
,
we
will
give
an
Account
of
the
Court
of
the
Dutchy
of
Lancaster
,
kept
at
Westminster-Hall
,
on
the
left
hand
above
Stairs
,
which
takes
Cognizance
of
all
Causes
that
any
way
concern
the
Revenue
of
that
Dutchy
,
which
hath
been
long
since
Annexed
to
the
Crown
.
The
Chief
Judge
of
this
Court
,
is
the
Chancellor
of
the
Dutchy
,
who
is
assisted
by
the
Attorney
of
the
Dutchy
.
To
this
Court
belong
divers
other
Officers
.
It
is
kept
near
the
lower
Exchequer
,
and
at
the
Office
of
Sir
Gilbert
Gerrard
at
Grays-Inn
.
Of
the
High
Court
of
PARLIAMENT
.
Sir
Richard
Baker
tell
us
in
his
Chronicle
that
King
Henry
the
I.
instituted
the
Form
of
the
High
Court
of
Parliament
:
and
that
the
first
Council
of
this
sort
was
held
at
Salisbury
,
on
the
19
th
of
April
,
and
the
16
th
of
his
Reign
,
which
is
560
and
odd
Years
ago
.
Before
the
Conquest
,
the
great
Council
of
the
King
,
consisting
only
of
the
Great
Men
of
the
Kingdom
,
was
called
Magnatum
Conventus
,
the
Convention
or
Meeting
of
the
Grandees
,
or
Great
Men
,
or
else
Prelatorum
Procerumque
Concilium
,
and
by
the
Saxons
in
their
own
Tongue
,
Michel
Gemot
,
the
great
Assembly
.
After
the
Conquest
it
was
called
Parlementum
,
a
French
word
derived
of
Parler
,
to
talk
together
,
consisting
still
only
of
the
great
Men
of
the
Nation
,
till
the
aforesaid
King's
Reign
.
None
but
the
King
hath
Authority
to
Summon
a
Parliament
:
In
the
King's
absence
out
of
the
Realm
,
the
Custos
Regni
in
the
King's
Name
,
doth
Summon
a
Parliament
;
and
During
the
King's
Minority
within
the
Realm
,
the
Protector
Regni
doth
the
same
.
When
the
King
of
England
is
with
His
Parliament
,
in
time
of
peace
,
He
is
then
said
to
be
in
the
height
of
His
Royal
Dignity
,
as
well
as
when
He
is
at
the
head
of
His
Army
in
time
of
War
.
He
can
with
the
concurrence
of
his
Lords
and
Commons
then
do
any
thing
in
point
of
Enacting
or
Repealing
Laws
,
Legitimate
one
that
is
born
Illegitimate
,
Bastardize
one
that
is
born
Legitimate
.
He
can
make
an
Infant
of
full
Age
,
make
an
Alien
or
Foreigner
an
English
Man
,
can
Attaint
a
Man
of
Treason
when
he
is
Dead
,
and
when
he
is
no
more
a
Man
,
&c.
A
Parliament
is
Summoned
in
manner
following
:
About
fourty
Days
before
the
Parliament
doth
Assemble
,
the
King
Issues
out
His
Writ
out
of
the
Chancery
,
cum
advisamento
Consilii
sui
,
with
the
advice
of
His
Council
,
and
the
Warrant
is
,
per
ipsum
Regem
&
Consilium
,
by
the
King
Himself
and
His
Council
.
The
King's
Writ
(
which
is
a
short
Letter
or
Epistle
)
is
directed
and
sent
to
every
particular
Person
of
the
Lords
Spiritual
and
Temporal
,
commanding
the
Lords
Spiritual
,
in
Fide
&
Dilectione
,
in
Faith
and
Love
;
and
the
Lords
Temporal
,
per
fidem
&
allegantiam
,
by
their
Faith
and
Allegiance
,
to
appear
at
a
certain
time
,
and
place
,
to
Treat
and
give
their
Advice
in
some
certain
Important
Affairs
,
concerning
the
Church
and
State
,
&c.
Other
Writs
are
sent
to
the
High
Sheriff
of
each
County
,
to
Summon
the
People
to
Elect
two
Knights
for
each
County
,
two
Citizens
for
each
City
,
and
one
or
two
Burgesses
for
each
Burrough
,
according
to
Statute
,
Charter
,
or
Custom
.
In
these
Elections
,
antiently
all
the
People
had
their
Votes
,
and
most
Votes
carried
it
,
but
for
avoiding
of
Tumults
and
Trouble
,
it
was
Enacted
by
Henry
the
VI.
that
none
should
have
any
suffrage
in
the
Election
of
Knights
of
the
Shire
,
but
such
as
were
Free-holders
,
did
Reside
in
the
County
,
and
had
of
Yearly
Revenue
40
s.
which
till
the
discovery
of
Gold
and
Silver
in
America
,
was
as
much
as
30
or
40
l.
now
.
The
Persons
Elected
for
each
County
,
are
to
be
Milites
Notabiles
,
or
at
least
Esqs.
or
Gentlemen
,
fit
to
be
made
Knights
,
as
it
is
in
the
Statutes
of
Henry
the
VI.
they
ought
to
be
de
discretionibus
Militibus
&
ad
laborandum
potentioribus
,
of
the
discreetest
Knights
,
and
most
able
to
endure
Labour
,
of
age
,
(
viz.
21
Years
at
least
,
)
and
Experience
,
without
Rancor
,
Malice
,
Heat
and
Envy
to
be
constant
so
as
not
to
be
swerved
from
Right
,
by
Fear
,
Reward
,
or
Favour
,
and
in
Judgment
no
respecters
of
Persons
;
of
a
ripe
and
good
Memory
,
that
remembring
Perils
past
,
they
may
prevent
Dangers
to
come
.
They
are
to
be
Vigorous
,
Active
and
Temperate
,
and
content
to
give
their
Attendance
for
Publick
Good
,
with
which
they
are
Intrusted
,
Men
of
Noble
Spirits
and
good
Estates
,
to
prevent
their
being
Mercenary
or
Bribed
,
to
betray
their
great
Trust
;
Men
well
verst
in
National
and
Political
Affairs
,
and
of
Capacious
Understandings
,
that
so
they
might
not
be
imposed
upon'
by
the
Subtilty
of
such
as
would
over-reach
them
.
They
ought
also
to
be
well
acquainted
with
the
Laws
of
the
Land
,
and
the
Transactions
of
former
Parliaments
,
in
order
to
the
Repeal
of
Old
Laws
;
which
though
fit
for
the
times
they
were
made
,
may
not
be
so
for
the
present
times
,
(
the
Circumstances
of
things
being
varyed
much
from
what
they
were
,
by
divers
Revolutions
,
)
and
to
Enact
New
Laws
for
general
Good
.
And
indeed
we
have
had
of
late
Parliaments
of
this
Character
,
Men
of
such
brave
Spirits
,
such
Sagacity
,
Prudence
,
and
Integrity
,
to
promote
the
General
Welfare
of
that
Great
Body
Politick
,
whose
Worthy
Representatives
they
were
,
as
have
exceeded
their
Predecessors
,
and
will
hardly
be
out-done
in
succeeding
times
.
They
ought
to
be
Native
English
Men
,
or
at
least
such
as
have
been
Naturalized
by
Act
of
Parliament
.
No
Alien
or
Denizen
,
none
of
the
twelve
Judges
,
no
Sheriff
of
a
County
,
no
Ecclesiastical
Person
that
hath
curam
animarum
,
the
cure
(
or
care
)
of
Souls
,
may
be
chosen
to
Serve
for
any
County
,
City
,
or
Burrough
.
This
Grand
and
Illustrious
Senate
,
Consists
of
the
three
great
Estates
of
the
Kingdom
,
(
the
King's
most
Excellent
Majesty
being
the
head
,
)
viz.
The
Prelates
and
the
Peers
of
the
Realm
,
and
the
Commons
;
in
which
is
such
a
Co-ordination
of
Power
,
such
a
Wholsom
mixture
betwixt
Prince
and
Commonalty
,
during
the
time
of
Consultation
,
that
they
make
but
one
Body
Politique
,
their
Results
when
they
concur
,
being
as
so
many
Harmonious
Diapasons
,
arising
from
the
Touch
of
different
Strings
.
This
Great
Council
is
the
great
Bulwark
of
the
English
Liberty
,
Property
,
and
Religion
,
and
the
great
Bank
that
keeps
them
from
Slavery
,
and
the
Inundations
of
Tyrannical
Incroachments
,
and
unbounded
Will-Government
.
The
People
are
lyable
to
no
Laws
but
what
they
themselves
make
,
and
are
subject
to
no
Contribution
,
Tax
,
Assessment
,
or
Pecuniary
Leveys
whatsoever
,
but
what
they
themselves
Vote
,
and
Voluntarily
yield
to
.
For
there
all
Degrees
of
People
be
Represented
,
the
Yeoman
,
Merchant
,
Tradesman
,
Mechanick
,
&c.
have
their
inclusive
Votes
,
as
well
as
the
Gentry
,
and
Free-holders
,
their
Burgesses
,
and
Knights
.
The
House
of
Lords
consists
of
Eleven
Dukes
,
whereof
two
are
of
the
Royal
Family
,
viz.
the
Duke
of
York
,
and
Prince
Rupert
,
then
the
Lord
Chancellor
,
or
Lord
Keeper
of
the
Great
Seal
,
the
Lord
Treasurer
,
and
the
Lord
Privy
Seal
,
takes
Place
before
all
Dukes
not
of
the
Royal
Blood
.
There
are
two
Marquesses
,
the
Lord
High
Chamberlain
of
England
,
the
Lord
Steward
of
the
King's
Houshold
,
and
the
Lord
Chamberlain
of
the
King's
Houshould
(
in
respect
of
their
Offices
)
takes
place
of
all
Earls
,
who
at
present
are
in
Number
,
(
viz.
such
as
may
Sit
in
the
House
of
Lords
)
64.
Then
there
are
7
Viscounts
,
and
60
Barons
,
(
according
to
the
Printed
List
of
the
last
Parliament
that
met
at
Oxford
March
21.
this
present
Year
1681.
)
Then
there
are
two
Archbishops
,
and
twenty
four
Bishops
,
so
that
the
whole
Number
may
be
about
176
,
some
of
which
Lords
are
under
Age
,
some
Employed
abroad
by
the
King
,
some
Sick
or
Infirm
:
so
that
the
ordinary
Number
that
Sits
,
(
besides
the
Peers
in
the
Tower
,
and
such
as
are
Excluded
by
Act
of
Parliament
for
Recusancy
,
&c.
)
may
be
about
one
hundred
.
The
House
of
Commons
consists
of
two
Knights
for
each
of
the
40
Shires
in
England
,
being
80.
One
for
each
County
in
Wales
,
being
12
Knights
.
Two
for
each
of
the
25
Cities
in
England
,
and
four
for
London
,
in
all
52.
Sixteen
Barons
for
the
Cinque-Ports
.
Two
Burgesses
for
each
of
the
two
Vniversities
.
About
330
Burgesses
,
for
168
Burroughs
in
England
,
of
which
,
some
few
send
but
one
Burgess
a
piece
.
Lastly
,
of
twelve
Burgesses
,
(
viz.
one
for
one
Burrough
in
each
County
of
Wales
,
so
that
the
Total
,
according
to
the
aforesaid
List
,
is
513.
Of
which
many
are
absent
,
somtimes
by
permission
of
the
House
upon
business
,
or
because
of
Sickness
,
&c.
The
Number
of
the
Parliament
Men
,
that
each
County
sends
,
are
as
followeth
:
-
1.
Bedfordshire
.
4
-
2.
Berkshire
.
9
-
3.
Buckinghamshire
.
14
-
4.
Cambridgeshire
.
6
-
5.
Cheshire
.
4
-
6.
Cornwall
.
44
-
7.
Cumberland
.
6
-
8.
Derbyshire
.
4
-
9.
Devonshire
.
26
-
10.
Dorsershire
.
20
-
11.
Durham
.
4
-
12.
Essex
.
8
-
13.
Glocestershire
.
8
-
14.
Herefordshire
.
8
-
15.
Hartfordshire
.
6
-
16.
Huntingtonshire
.
4
-
17.
Kent
.
10
-
18.
Lancashire
.
14
-
19.
Leicestershire
.
4
-
20.
Lincolnshire
.
12
-
21.
Middlesex
.
8
-
22.
Monmouthshire
.
3.
-
23.
Norfolk
.
12
-
24.
Northamptonshire
.
9
-
25.
Northumberland
.
8
-
26.
Nottinghamshire
.
8
-
27.
Oxfordshire
.
9
-
28.
Rutland
.
2
-
29.
Shropshire
.
12
-
30.
Somersetshire
.
18
-
31.
Southampton
,
Or
,
Southamptonshire
.
26
-
32.
Staffordshire
.
10
-
33.
Suffolk
.
16
-
34.
Surrey
.
14
-
35.
Sussex
.
20
-
36.
Warwickshire
.
6
-
37.
Westmorland
.
4
-
38.
Wiltshire
.
34
-
39.
Worcestershire
.
9
-
40.
Yorkshire
.
30
BARONS
of
the
CINQUE-PORTS
.
-
Port
of
Hastings
.
2
-
Town
of
Winchelsey
.
2
-
Town
of
Rye
.
2
-
Port
of
new
Rumney
.
2
-
Port
of
Hieth
.
2
-
Port
of
Dover
.
2
-
Port
of
Sandwich
.
2
-
Port
of
Seaford
.
2
WALES
.
-
1.
Anglesey
.
1
-
Bewmaris
.
1
-
2.
Brecon
.
1
-
Town
of
Brecon
.
1
-
3.
Cardigan
.
1
-
Town
of
Cardigan
.
1
-
4.
Carmarthen
.
1
-
Town
of
Carmarthen
.
1
-
5.
Carnarvan
.
1
-
Town
of
Carnarvan
.
1
-
6.
Denbigh
.
1
-
Town
of
Denbigh
.
1
-
7.
Flint
.
1
-
Town
of
Flint
.
1
-
8.
Glamorgan
.
1
-
Town
of
Cardiff
.
1
-
9.
Merioneth
.
1
-
10.
Pembrook
.
1
-
Town
of
Haverford-west
.
1
-
Town
of
Pembrook
.
1
-
11.
Montgomery
.
1
-
Town
of
Montgomery
.
1
-
12.
Radnor
.
1
-
Town
of
Radnor
.
1
The
Barons
of
the
Cinque-Ports
,
are
at
this
Day
,
only
as
Burgesses
in
Parliament
,
yet
they
are
still
called
Barons
,
after
the
antient
manner
,
because
heretofore
they
got
Renown
by
their
Exploits
at
Sea
,
in
defending
the
Kingdom
,
in
Memory
whereof
,
they
have
yet
the
priviledge
to
send
Burgesses
,
to
bear
the
Cloth
of
State
over
the
King's
Head
on
the
day
of
His
Coronation
,
and
to
Dine
that
Day
in
the
King's
presence
.
The
Writ
or
Summons
to
the
Sheriff
,
for
Election
of
Members
to
Serve
in
the
House
of
Commons
,
runs
to
this
purpose
:
The
KING
to
the
Sheriff
,
&c.
Greeting
.
WHereas
by
the
Advice
and
Assent
of
our
Council
,
for
certain
arduous
and
urgent
Affairs
concerning
Vs
,
the
State
and
Defence
of
our
Kingdom
of
England
,
and
the
Church
of
England
,
We
have
Ordamed
a
certain
Parliament
of
Ours
,
to
be
held
at
this
Our
City
of
—
the
—
Day
of
—
next
Ensuing
,
and
there
to
have
Conference
,
and
to
Treat
with
the
Prelates
,
Great
Men
and
Peers
of
Our
said
Kingdom
;
We
command
and
strictly
enjoyn
you
,
that
making
Proclamation
at
Our
next
County
Court
,
after
the
Receipt
of
this
Our
Writ
,
to
be
holden
the
day
and
Place
aforesaid
,
you
cause
two
Knights
girt
with
Swords
,
the
most
fit
and
discreet
of
the
County
aforesaid
,
and
of
every
City
of
that
County
two
Citizens
;
of
every
Burrough
,
two
Burgesses
,
of
the
discreetest
and
most
sufficient
,
to
be
freely
and
indifferently
chosen
,
by
them
who
shall
be
present
at
such
Proclamation
,
according
to
the
Tenor
of
the
Statutes
in
that
Case
made
and
provided
;
and
the
Names
of
the
said
Knights
,
Citizens
and
Burgesses
so
ch●sen
,
to
be
inserted
in
certain
Indentures
,
to
be
then
made
between
you
and
those
that
shall
be
present
at
such
Election
,
whether
the
Parties
so
Elected
be
present
or
absent
,
and
shall
make
them
to
come
at
the
said
Day
and
Place
;
so
that
the
said
Knights
for
themselves
,
and
the
County
aforesaid
,
and
the
Citizens
and
the
Burgesses
for
themselves
and
the
Commonalty
of
the
said
Cities
and
Boroughs
may
have
severally
from
them
,
full
and
sufficient
Power
,
to
do
,
and
to
consent
to
those
things
,
which
then
by
the
Favour
of
GOD
,
shall
happen
to
be
Ordained
by
the
Common
Councel
of
Our
said
Kingdom
,
concerning
the
businesses
aforesaid
,
so
that
the
business
may
not
by
any
means
remain
undone
for
want
of
such
Power
,
or
by
reason
of
the
improvident
Election
of
the
foresaid
Knights
,
Citizens
and
Burgesses
:
But
we
will
not
in
any
Case
that
you
,
or
any
other
Sheriff
of
Our
said
Kingdom
,
shall
be
Elected
,
and
at
the
Day
and
Place
aforesaid
,
the
said
Election
being
made
in
a
full
County
Court
,
you
shall
certify
without
Delay
unto
Vs
,
in
Our
Chancery
under
your
Seal
,
and
the
Seals
of
them
who
shall
be
present
at
the
Election
,
sending
back
unto
Vs
the
other
part
of
the
Indenture
aforesaid
,
affixed
to
these
presents
,
together
with
the
Writ
.
Witness
Our Self
at
,
&c.
The
King
is
in
the
sence
of
Law
the
Fountain
of
Justice
,
He
is
Lord
Chief
Justice
of
England
,
and
therefore
all
the
Laws
of
the
Realm
are
called
His
Laws
;
for
He
is
Caput
,
principium
,
&
finis
Parliamenti
,
(
that
is
,
the
head
,
beginning
,
and
end
of
Parliament
,
)
and
nothing
can
have
the
Force
of
a
Law
,
but
what
has
His
Royal
Assent
.
The
highest
Court
of
Judicature
in
England
,
is
the
House
of
Lords
in
Parliament
,
who
are
assisted
with
the
most
Grave
and
Eminent
Lawyers
of
England
,
both
in
Common
and
Civil
Law
,
who
are
only
Ministerial
there
,
and
have
no
Voices
;
but
to
give
their
Opinions
in
matters
of
Law
which
become
doubtful
.
To
the
Judicature
of
this
Supreme
and
most
Honorable
Court
,
all
other
Courts
and
Persons
that
are
Subjects
of
England
,
are
accountable
for
all
Crimes
not
properly
Tryable
,
Remediable
,
or
Punishable
in
other
inferiours
Courts
of
Justice
,
and
to
this
Court
all
last
Appeals
are
made
,
from
whose
Sentence
there
lies
no
Appeal
,
but
to
a
succeeding
Parliament
;
and
this
Supreme
Judicatory
,
or
Judicial
Power
,
lies
only
in
the
King
and
House
of
Lords
,
and
at
the
Bar
of
this
High
Court
may
the
House
of
Commons
,
as
the
Grand
Inquest
of
the
Nation
,
Impeach
the
Highest
Subject
of
England
,
whether
of
the
Clergy
or
of
the
Laity
,
and
prosecute
them
till
it
come
to
a
Sentence
.
All
Members
of
Parliament
,
both
Lords
and
Commons
,
that
they
may
attend
the
publick
Service
of
their
Country
,
are
priviledged
with
their
Menial
Servants
attending
on
their
Persons
,
together
with
all
their
necessary
Goods
brought
along
with
them
,
from
all
Attachments
and
Imprisonments
,
for
Debts
,
Trespasses
,
Account
,
or
Covenant
,
all
the
time
that
they
are
on
the
way
to
the
Place
of
Parliament
,
all
the
time
that
they
tarry
there
,
and
return
Eundo
,
Morando
,
&
ad
propria
redeundo
,
but
not
from
Arrests
for
Treason
,
Felony
,
or
breach
of
the
Peace
.
The
place
of
Meeting
for
this
High
and
Honorable
Assembly
,
is
in
whatsoever
City
,
Town
,
or
House
,
the
King
pleaseth
;
but
most
usually
at
Westminster
.
All
the
Lords
Sit
in
a
fair
Room
by
themselves
,
and
the
Commons
not
far
from
them
in
another
Fair
Room
,
heretofore
the
antient
Free
Chappel
of
St.
Stephen
.
The
King
,
as
oft
as
he
comes
,
(
which
is
usually
at
the
opening
of
Parliaments
,
passing
of
Bills
,
or
Solemn
Debates
)
is
placed
at
the
upper
end
of
the
Room
in
a
Chair
of
State
,
under
a
Cloth
of
State
,
under
which
,
on
either
hand
,
sit
none
but
the
King's
Children
.
On
the
King's
right
hand
is
a
Seat
for
the
Prince
of
Wales
,
on
His
left
hand
is
a
Seat
for
the
Duke
of
York
.
On
the
King's
right
hand
next
the
Wall
,
are
placed
on
a
Form
,
the
two
Archbishops
,
next
below
on
another
Form
,
the
Bishops
of
London
,
Durham
and
Winchester
.
Upon
other
Forms
,
on
the
same
side
,
the
rest
of
the
Bishops
sit
,
according
to
the
Priority
of
their
Consecration
.
On
the
King's
left
hand
,
upon
Forms
are
placed
the
Lord
Chancellor
,
Treasurer
,
President
of
the
King's
Council
,
the
Lord
Privy
Seal
,
if
they
are
Barons
,
above
all
Dukes
,
except
those
of
the
Royal
Family
;
if
they
are
not
Barons
,
then
they
Sit
uppermost
on
the
Wool-sacks
.
On
the
same
side
Sit
the
Dukes
,
Marquesses
,
and
Earls
,
according
to
their
Creations
.
Upon
the
first
Form
,
across
the
House
below
the
Woolsacks
,
sit
the
Viscounts
,
and
upon
the
next
Forms
the
Barons
,
all
in
Order
.
The
Lord
Chancellor
or
Keeper
(
if
the
King
be
present
,
)
stands
behind
the
Cloth
of
Estate
,
otherwise
sits
on
the
first
Woolsack
,
thwart
the
Chair
of
State
,
his
Great
Seal
and
Mace
by
him
,
he
is
Lord
Speaker
of
the
Lords
House
.
Upon
other
Woolsacks
sit
the
Judges
,
the
Privy
Counsellors
,
and
Secretaris
of
State
,
the
King's
Council
at
Law
,
the
Masters
of
Chancery
;
who
being
not
Barons
,
have
no
suffrage
by
Vo●ce
in
Parliament
,
but
only
sit
(
as
was
said
,
)
to
give
Advice
when
required
.
The
Reason
of
their
sitting
upon
Woolsacks
,
is
thought
to
be
to
put
them
in
mind
of
the
Great
Importance
of
our
Woollen
Manufactories
,
which
is
the
Grand
Staple
Commodity
of
England
,
and
so
not
to
be
by
any
means
neglected
.
On
the
Lowermost
Woolsack
are
placed
the
Clerk
of
the
Crown
,
and
Clerk
of
the
Parliament
,
whereof
the
former
is
concern'd
in
all
Writs
of
Parliament
,
and
Pardons
in
Parliament
.
The
other
Recordeth
all
things
done
in
Parliament
,
and
keepeth
the
Records
of
the
same
.
This
Clerk
hath
also
two
Clerks
under
him
,
who
kneel
behind
the
same
Woolsack
,
and
write
thereon
.
Without
the
Bar
of
the
Lords
House
,
sits
the
King's
first
Gentleman
Usher
,
called
the
Black-Rod
,
from
a
Black-staff
he
carries
in
his
hand
,
under
whom
is
a
Yeoman
Usher
that
waits
at
the
Door
within
,
a
Cryer
without
,
and
a
Serjeant
at
Mace
,
always
attending
the
Lord
Chancellor
.
When
the
King
is
present
with
His
Crown
on
his
Head
,
none
of
the
Lords
are
covered
.
The
Judges
stand
till
the
King
gives
them
leave
to
sit
.
When
the
King
is
absent
,
the
Lords
at
their
entrance
do
Reverence
to
the
Chair
of
State
,
as
is
or
should
be
done
by
all
that
enter
into
the
King's
Presence
Chamber
.
The
Judges
then
may
sit
,
but
may
not
be
covered
,
till
the
Chancellor
or
Keeper
signifies
unto
them
the
leave
of
the
Lords
.
The
King's
Council
,
and
Masters
of
Chancery
sit
also
,
but
may
not
be
covered
at
all
.
The
Commons
in
their
House
sit
Promiscuously
,
only
the
Speaker
hath
a
Chair
placed
in
the
middle
,
and
the
Clerk
of
that
House
near
him
at
the
Table
.
They
never
had
any
Robes
,
(
as
the
Lords
ever
had
,
)
but
wear
every
one
what
he
fancyeth
most
.
The
time
of
Sitting
in
Parliament
,
is
on
any
day
in
the
Morning
,
or
before
Dinner
.
When
the
day
prefixt
by
the
King
in
His
Writs
of
Summons
is
come
,
the
KING
usually
in
his
Royal
Robes
,
with
His
Crown
on
His
Head
,
declares
the
cause
of
their
being
Assembled
,
in
a
short
Speech
,
leaving
the
rest
to
the
Lord
Chancellor
,
who
then
stands
behind
His
MAJESTY
;
the
Commons
in
the
mean
time
standing
bare
at
the
Bar
of
the
Lords
House
,
who
are
Commanded
to
chuse
then
a
Speaker
,
which
without
the
KING's
Command
they
may
not
do
;
whereupon
they
Return
to
their
own
House
,
and
choose
one
of
their
own
Members
,
whom
they
present
on
another
Day
to
the
KING
;
and
being
approved
of
by
His
MAJESTY
,
sitting
in
His
Chair
,
and
all
the
Lords
in
their
Scarlet
Robes
,
he
makes
a
modest
refusal
,
which
not
allowed
,
he
Petitioneth
His
Majesty
,
That
the
Commons
may
have
,
during
their
Sitting
,
-
1.
A
free
Access
to
His
Majesty
.
-
2.
A
freedom
of
Speech
in
their
own
House
.
-
3.
Freedom
from
Arrests
.
-
Which
the
King
Grants
.
Before
they
enter
upon
Affairs
,
all
the
Members
of
the
House
of
Commons
take
the
Oaths
of
Allegiance
and
Supremacy
,
in
the
presence
of
an
Officer
,
appointed
by
the
KING
.
And
since
the
Papists
have
been
found
(
by
the
Wisdom
of
the
KING
and
Parliament
)
to
be
Plotting
and
Contriving
to
introduce
the
pretended
Supremacy
of
their
Pope
,
and
inslave
the
Nation
to
their
Tyrannical
Anti-spiritual
Jurisdiction
,
by
Horrid
Projections
,
Plots
,
Intrigues
,
&c.
to
prevent
any
such
from
Voting
in
either
House
,
it
was
thought
meet
,
(
though
no
Oaths
can
bind
such
who
profess
the
Impious
Doctrine
of
Equivocation
,
)
that
all
are
to
declare
their
Opinion
against
the
Doctrines
of
Transubstantiation
,
Invocation
and
Adoration
of
Saints
,
the
Sacrifice
of
the
Mass
:
which
Test
,
the
Lords
also
are
Obliged
to
take
in
their
House
,
before
they
can
Sit
and
Debate
upon
any
Affair
.
The
Lords
House
hath
a
power
not
only
in
Making
and
Repealing
Laws
,
but
also
in
tractando
&
Consilium
impendendo
,
(
that
is
,
in
Treating
and
Counselling
,
&c.
)
as
the
words
of
the
Writ
are
;
also
in
Judging
of
Controversies
,
Judging
in
the
Arraignment
of
any
Peer
of
the
Realm
,
putting
Men
to
their
Oaths
,
especially
in
matters
of
Importance
,
as
the
Corruption
of
Judges
and
Magistrates
in
Illegal
proceeding
in
other
Courts
,
in
Appeals
from
Decrees
in
Chancery
.
No
Papist
is
to
Sit
,
or
have
Suffrage
in
the
Lords
House
.
The
Lords
,
in
case
of
necessary
or
unavoidable
absence
,
may
make
their
Proxies
to
Vote
in
their
place
,
after
License
obtained
under
the
KING's
Signet
.
The
Commons
(
as
was
said
,
)
have
a
power
in
Making
and
Repealing
Laws
:
they
have
a
Negative
Voice
,
as
the
KING
and
Lords
have
;
for
nothing
can
pass
into
a
Law
without
the
joint
concurrence
of
the
King
and
both
Houses
.
Bills
for
Levying
of
Mony
upon
the
Subject
,
begin
in
the
House
of
Commons
,
because
the
greater
part
of
the
same
arises
from
them
.
The
Commons
have
a
power
to
Supplicate
and
propose
Laws
,
and
(
as
before
,
)
to
Impeach
publick
Delinquents
of
the
Highest
Quality
that
are
Subjects
;
for
they
are
the
Grand
Inquest
of
the
Nation
,
and
are
to
present
Publick
Grievances
to
be
Redressed
,
and
Delinquents
to
be
punished
.
To
this
end
the
Lords
sit
in
their
Robes
on
the
Bench
covered
,
they
Swear
and
Examine
Witnesses
,
and
at
last
pass
Sentence
;
the
Members
of
the
House
of
Commons
stand
bare
at
the
Bar
of
the
Lords
House
,
produce
Witnesses
,
manage
Evidences
,
&c.
Though
every
Member
of
the
House
of
Commons
is
chosen
to
Serve
for
one
particular
County
,
City
,
or
Borough
,
yet
he
Serves
for
the
whole
Kingdom
,
and
his
Voice
is
equal
to
any
other
;
his
power
is
absolute
to
consent
or
dissent
.
They
are
to
make
it
their
special
care
to
promote
the
good
of
that
County
,
City
,
or
Borough
,
for
which
they
Serve
;
so
as
that
,
no
particular
benefit
may
interfere
with
,
or
be
prejudicial
to
the
Good
of
the
whole
Kingdom
.
The
Lords
are
to
bear
their
own
Charges
,
because
they
Represent
only
themselves
.
The
Commons
usually
had
their
Reasonable
expences
.
In
the
17
of
Ed.
II.
they
had
Ten
Groats
for
Knights
,
and
Five
Groats
for
Burgesses
a
day
,
and
not
long
after
,
Four
s.
a
day
for
Dubbed
Knights
,
and
Two
s.
for
all
others
,
which
in
those
days
,
as
appears
by
the
Prices
of
all
things
,
was
a
considerable
Sum
,
above
Twenty
times
more
than
it
is
now
.
So
that
some
decayed
Boroughs
finding
the
expence
heavy
,
Petitioned
that
they
might
not
be
obliged
to
send
Burgesses
to
Parliament
,
and
so
were
Vnburgessed
,
&c.
It
is
the
Practice
of
each
House
to
debate
all
publick
Affairs
,
relating
to
the
general
or
particular
Welfare
,
of
the
Kingdom
or
Subject
.
And
every
Parliament
may
get
a
Bill
drawn
,
and
give
it
to
the
Speaker
,
or
Clerk
of
the
Parliament
,
to
be
presented
in
convenient
time
.
Whatsoever
is
proposed
for
a
Law
,
is
first
put
in
Writing
and
called
a
Bill
,
which
being
read
in
a
full
Assembly
,
it
is
either
unanimously
rejected
,
or
else
allowed
to
be
Debated
,
and
then
it
is
Committed
to
a
certain
Number
of
the
House
,
presently
Nominated
,
and
called
a
Committee
.
After
it
hath
been
Amended
,
and
twice
Read
two
several
Days
in
the
House
,
it
is
Ingrossed
,
that
is
,
Written
Fair
in
a
Parchment
,
and
Read
the
Third
time
another
day
,
and
then
(
if
in
the
Lords
House
)
the
Chancellor
,
or
(
if
in
the
House
of
Commons
,
)
the
Speaker
demands
if
they
will
have
it
put
to
the
question
,
whether
,
a
Law
or
no
Law
?
If
the
Major
part
be
for
it
,
there
is
Written
on
the
Bill
by
the
Clerk
(
of
the
Lords
House
,
)
Soit
baille
aux
Seigneurs
,
—
or
(
of
the
House
of
Commons
,
)
Soit
baille
aux
Communes
,
retaining
the
Antient
Custom
,
which
was
to
speak
in
French
.
When
the
Speaker
finds
divers
Bills
prepared
to
be
put
to
the
Question
,
he
gives
Notice
the
day
be●
before
,
that
to
morrow
he
intends
to
put
such
Bills
to
the
passing
,
or
third
Reading
,
and
desires
the
special
attendance
of
all
the
Members
.
If
a
Bill
be
rejected
,
it
cannot
be
any
more
proposed
during
that
Session
.
All
Bills
sent
by
the
Commons
to
the
Lords
House
,
are
usually
attended
(
to
shew
their
respect
)
with
several
of
their
Members
,
and
as
they
come
up
to
the
Lords
Bar
,
the
Member
that
's
to
present
the
Bill
maketh
three
profound
Reverences
,
and
delivers
it
to
the
Lord
Chancellor
,
who
comes
down
to
the
Bar
to
receive
it
.
A
Bill
sent
by
the
Lords
to
the
Commons
is
usually
by
some
of
the
Masters
of
Chancery
,
or
some
other
whose
seat
is
on
the
Wool-sacks
(
and
by
none
of
the
Members
)
who
coming
up
to
the
Speaker
,
bow
thrice
,
and
deliver
it
to
him
,
after
one
of
them
hath
read
the
Title
,
and
desired
it
might
be
taken
into
Consideration
.
If
it
pass
that
House
,
then
is
Written
on
it
,
Les
Communes
ont
assentez
.
When
any
Member
of
the
House
of
Commons
speaks
to
a
Bill
,
he
stands
up
uncovered
,
and
directs
his
Speech
only
to
the
Speaker
;
then
if
what
he
Delivers
be
confuted
by
another
,
yet
he
is
not
allowed
to
Answer
again
the
same
day
,
lest
the
whole
time
should
be
spent
in
a
Dispute
between
two
talkative
persons
.
Also
if
a
Bill
be
debating
in
the
House
,
no
man
may
speak
to
it
in
one
day
,
above
once
.
If
any
one
speak
words
of
offence
which
the
House
takes
cognizance
of
as
such
,
he
is
called
to
the
Bar
,
and
sometimes
sent
to
the
Tower
.
The
Speaker
is
not
allowed
to
persuade
or
dissuade
in
passing
of
a
Bill
,
but
only
to
make
a
short
and
plain
Narrative
,
nor
to
Vote
,
except
the
House
be
equally
Divided
.
In
Committees
,
though
of
the
whole
House
,
it
is
allowed
to
Speak
and
Reply
as
often
as
they
please
.
In
the
House
of
Lords
they
give
their
Suffrages
or
Votes
,
beginning
at
the
lowest
Baron
,
and
so
to
the
highest
Peer
in
order
,
every
one
Answering
apart
[
Content
,
or
Not
content
.
]
In
the
House
of
Commons
,
they
Vote
by
Yea's
,
and
No's
,
and
if
it
be
doubtful
which
is
the
greater
Number
,
then
the
Yea's
are
to
go
forth
,
and
the
No's
sit
still
,
because
these
are
content
with
their
present
condition
,
without
any
addition
or
alteration
of
Laws
,
as
the
other
desire
;
and
then
some
are
appointed
to
Number
them
:
But
at
a
Committee
,
though
it
be
of
the
whole
House
,
(
as
it
is
sometimes
)
the
Yea's
go
on
one
side
,
and
the
No's
on
the
other
,
whereby
they
may
be
discerned
.
If
a
Bill
pass
in
one
House
,
and
being
sent
to
the
other
House
,
they
of
the
other
House
Demur
upon
it
,
then
a
Conference
is
demanded
in
the
Painted
Chamber
,
where
certain
deputed
Members
of
each
House
Meet
,
the
Lords
sitting
covered
at
a
Table
,
and
the
Commons
standing
bare
:
the
business
is
then
debated
;
If
they
agree
not
,
it
is
Nulled
;
if
they
do
agree
,
it
Passes
.
When
Bills
have
past
both
Houses
,
they
are
presented
to
his
Majesty
for
his
Royal
assent
,
who
comes
in
his
Robes
with
the
Crown
on
his
Head
,
and
being
Seated
in
his
Chair
of
State
,
(
the
Lords
being
all
in
their
Robes
,
)
the
Clerk
of
the
Crown
reads
the
Ti●tle
of
each
Bill
,
and
as
he
reads
,
the
Clerk
of
the
Parliament
,
according
to
his
Instructions
from
the
King
(
who
before
hath
maturely
considered
each
Bill
)
pronounceth
the
Royal
assent
.
If
it
be
a
Publick
Bill
,
the
Answer
is
(
Le
Roy
le
veut
,
)
and
then
that
Bill
becomes
a
Law
.
If
a
Private
Bill
,
the
Answer
is
(
Soit
fait
comms
el
est
desire
.
)
If
it
be
a
Pubblick
Bill
which
the
King
likes
not
,
then
the
Answer
is
,
(
Le
Roy
s'avisera
)
which
is
taken
for
an
absolute
Denial
,
in
a
more
Civil
way
,
and
that
Bill
wholly
nulled
.
So
that
nothing
but
what
the
King
confirms
by
his
Royal
Assent
,
hath
the
force
of
a
Law
.
The
King
can
by
Commission
granted
to
some
of
His
Nobles
,
give
His
Royal
Assent
to
any
Bill
that
requires
haste
.
If
it
be
a
Bill
for
Monies
given
to
His
Majesty
,
then
the
Answer
is
,
(
Le
Roy
remercie
ses
Loyaux
Sujets
,
accepte
leur
Benevolence
,
&
aussi
le
veut
)
which
is
an
ancient
Ceremony
of
Thanking
the
Subjects
for
parting
with
their
Money
.
The
Bill
for
the
King
's
General
Pardon
hath
but
one
Reading
in
either
House
,
because
they
must
take
it
,
as
the
King
will
please
to
give
it
;
so
the
Bill
of
Subsidies
granted
by
the
Clergy
Assembled
in
Convocation
for
the
same
Reason
.
When
the
Bill
for
the
General
Pardon
is
passed
by
the
King
,
the
Answer
is
thus
,
(
Les
Prelates
,
Seigneurs
&
Communes
en
ce
Parliament
Assemblez
au
nom
de
tous
vos
autre
Sujects
,
remercient
tres
humblement
votre
Majeste
&
prient
Dieu
vous
donner
en
sante
bonne
vie
&
Congue
.
All
Acts
of
Parliament
before
the
Reign
of
Henry
7.
were
Passed
and
Enrolled
in
French
,
now
in
English
.
The
stile
runs
thus
;
Be
it
Enacted
by
the
King
's
most
Excellent
Majesty
,
by
and
with
the
Advice
and
Consent
of
the
Lords
Spiritual
and
Temporal
,
and
Commons
,
&c.
When
it
pleases
the
King
,
the
Parliament
is
Adjourned
,
Prorogued
,
or
Dissolved
,
thus
:
Adjournments
are
usually
made
in
the
Lords
House
,
by
the
Lord
Chancellor
in
the
King's
name
,
to
what
other
day
and
place
the
King
pleases
;
and
then
all
things
already
Debated
and
Read
in
one
or
both
Houses
,
may
be
resumed
,
because
they
continue
in
the
same
State
they
were
in
before
,
to
the
next
Meeting
.
When
the
Parliament
is
Prorogued
there
is
a
Session
,
and
then
all
Bills
and
Debates
must
begin
anew
,
at
the
re-assembling
of
the
Parliament
.
The
Speaker
of
the
House
of
Commons
,
upon
notice
given
that
it
is
the
King's
pleasure
,
that
that
House
shall
also
Adjourn
,
doth
say
with
the
Assent
of
the
House
,
This
House
is
Adjourned
.
When
the
King
Prorogues
or
Dissolves
the
Parliament
,
He
commonly
comes
in
Person
to
the
House
of
Lords
in
his
Robes
,
with
the
Crown
on
his
Head
,
and
sends
(
by
the
Vsher
of
the
Black-Rod
)
for
all
the
House
of
Commons
,
to
the
Bar
of
that
House
,
and
after
the
King's
Answer
to
each
Bill
signified
as
aforesaid
,
his
Majesty
usually
makes
a
Solemn
Speech
,
the
Lord
Chancellor
another
,
and
the
Speaker
of
the
House
of
Commons
a
Third
.
Then
the
Lord
Chancellor
by
the
special
Command
of
the
King
,
doth
pronounce
the
Parliament
Prorogued
or
Dissolved
.
The
King
being
Head
of
the
Parliament
,
if
his
Death
doth
happen
,
during
the
Sitting
of
the
Parliament
,
it
is
ipso
facto
Dissolved
.
IV.
Sommerset-House
in
the
Strand
is
the
Queens
Palace
.
In
the
Year
1549.
Edward
Duke
of
Sommerset
Uncle
to
Edward
the
6
th
,
and
Lord
Protector
,
pulled
down
several
adjoyning
Buildings
to
make
him
a
Mansion-House
there
,
the
Stones
of
which
Houses
,
and
some
other
more
remote
Buildings
which
he
demollished
,
were
converted
to
this
Spatious
and
Beautiful
Palace
;
of
which
we
cannot
add
much
more
,
but
that
it
was
the
Fatal
place
,
where
the
wicked
Romish
Assassinates
(
prompted
by
Hell
and
their
accursed
Principles
,
)
most
barbarously
Murdered
that
Noble
Patriot
and
never
to
be
forgotten
Knight
,
Sir
EDMOND-BERRY
GODFREY
,
on
Saturday
the
12
th
of
October
,
1678.
The
Bloody
Villains
being
enraged
at
the
Discovery
of
their
Execrable
Plot
,
in
which
this
brave
Gentleman
was
very
active
,
made
him
a
Sacrifice
to
their
Revenge
,
so
that
he
may
be
truly
stiled
the
Martyr
of
the
English
Protestant
Interest
,
and
deserves
a
Memorial
in
all
Loyal
Christian
Hearts
.
The
Narrative
is
published
at
large
,
to
which
we
refer
our
Reader
;
only
we
cannot
omit
his
Majesties
Royal
act
,
who
so
resented
this
Abominable
Villany
,
that
he
issued
his
Proclamation
the
20
th
of
October
,
promising
500
l.
to
the
Discoverer
,
and
a
Pardon
if
one
of
the
Malefactors
;
and
another
soon
after
promising
on
the
word
of
a
King
,
not
only
the
said
Reward
of
500
l
,
but
such
care
for
the
Security
of
the
Discoverer
as
he
could
in
Reason
propose
;
upon
which
Captain
William
Bedlow
(
since
Dead
,
)
and
Mr.
Miles
Praunce
,
a
Silver-smith
in
Princes-street
,
(
which
last
confessed
to
have
been
in
the
Fact
,
)
made
the
Discovery
;
and
upon
their
clear
and
undoubted
Evidence
,
three
of
the
Wretches
were
Executed
,
viz.
Green
,
Berry
,
and
Hill
,
the
rest
fled
from
Justice
,
but
cannot
escape
Divine
Vengeance
.
Having
spoken
of
these
principal
Palaces
,
it
may
be
expected
that
we
should
speak
something
of
the
Great
and
Famous
Houses
of
the
Nobility
,
which
are
very
many
and
Magnificent
,
not
yielding
to
any
in
Europe
;
as
Clarendon-House
,
which
for
Situation
,
stately
Architecture
,
spacious
solid
uniform
Structure
,
is
admirable
;
Berkley-House
,
Wallingford-House
,
Northumberland-House
,
Salisbury
and
Worcester
Houses
,
Bedford
,
Leicester
,
Newport
,
Mountague
and
Southampton
Houses
,
and
indeed
most
Houses
of
the
great
Peers
:
But
the
brevity
of
our
Volume
will
not
admit
a
large
Description
,
only
in
General
we
shall
say
something
of
them
in
the
Section
that
Treats
of
the
Fire
,
Anno
1666.
and
the
Rebuilding
of
the
City
.
SECT.
5.
Of
Exchanges
and
Publick-Halls
.
THe
Royal
Exchange
in
Cornhil-Ward
,
was
Erected
in
the
Year
1566
,
just
one
hundred
Years
before
it
was
Burnt
,
in
this
manner
.
Certain
Houses
upon
Cornhil
,
containing
Eighty
Housholds
,
were
purchased
by
the
City
of
London
for
above
3532
l.
which
they
sold
for
478
l.
to
such
as
would
take
them
down
and
carry
them
away
.
Then
the
Ground
or
Plot
was
made
plain
at
the
Charges
of
the
City
,
and
Possession
thereof
was
given
to
Sir
Thomas
Gresham
Knight
,
a
Noble
Merchant
,
and
Agent
to
Queen
Elizabeth
,
by
certain
Aldermen
in
the
name
of
the
whole
,
for
to
Build
an
Exchange
thereon
for
Merchants
to
Assemble
.
On
the
7
th
of
June
he
laid
the
first
Stone
in
the
Foundation
,
being
accompanied
with
some
Aldermen
,
where
every
one
of
them
laid
a
piece
of
Gold
,
which
the
Work-men
took
up
;
The
Work
was
advanced
with
such
Expedition
,
that
in
November
,
1567
,
it
was
finished
,
and
afterwards
in
the
presence
and
by
the
special
Command
of
the
Queen
,
it
was
Proclaimed
by
a
Herald
,
and
with
sound
of
Trumpet
named
,
The
ROYAL
EXCHANGE
.
It
was
Built
most
of
Brick
,
and
yet
was
the
most
splendid
Burse
(
all
things
considered
)
that
was
then
in
Europe
.
The
Burse
for
Merchants
was
kept
before
in
Lumbard-street
.
In
the
great
and
dismal
Conflagration
,
Anno
1666.
the
Royal
Exchange
was
consumed
;
But
it
is
since
Rebuilt
in
a
far
more
stately
and
Magnificent
manner
,
of
excellent
Portland
Stone
,
almost
as
durable
as
Marble
,
with
such
curious
and
admirable
Architecture
,
especially
for
a
Front
,
a
Turret
,
and
for
Arch-work
,
that
it
surpasseth
all
other
Burses
in
Europe
.
The
Form
is
Quadrangular
,
with
a
large
Paved
Court
where
the
Merchants
Meet
,
it
is
Quadratum
Oblongum
,
an
Oblong
square
,
and
on
each
side
are
stately
Galleries
or
Portico's
Checquered
with
a
smooth
and
delicate
Stone-Pavement
,
the
Arches
supported
with
strong
Stone
Pillars
,
where
in
case
of
Rain
or
extream
Heat
,
the
greatest
part
may
be
sheltered
.
The
whole
Fabrick
cost
above
50000
l.
whereof
one
half
was
disbursed
by
the
Chamber
of
London
,
and
the
other
by
the
Company
of
Mercers
:
And
to
reimburse
them
,
there
are
to
be
let
190
Shops
above-stairs
,
at
20
l.
per
annum
,
and
30
l.
Fine
,
besides
the
several
Shops
below
on
the
several
sides
,
and
the
huge
Vaulted
Cellars
under
ground
,
so
that
it
must
needs
be
the
richest
piece
of
Ground
in
the
World
.
For
,
The
Exact
Dimensions
of
the
Ground
whereon
this
Goodly
Fabrick
is
Erected
,
is
but
171
Foot
from
North
to
South
,
and
203
Foot
from
East
to
West
,
and
little
more
than
three
quarters
of
an
Acre
of
Ground
,
yet
producing
above
4000
l.
Yearly
Rent
.
The
New
Exchange
on
the
Strand
was
called
Durham-House
,
Built
by
Thomas
Hatfield
Bishop
of
Durham
,
who
being
made
Bishop
of
that
See
,
Anno
1549.
continued
so
36
Years
.
It
was
a
very
Capacious
Edifice
,
on
the
North
side
stood
a
row
of
Thatcht
low
Stables
,
which
the
Right
Honourable
Robert
Earl
of
Salisbury
,
then
Lord
High
Treasurer
of
England
,
purchased
and
pulled
down
,
Erecting
in
the
room
thereof
,
at
his
own
Charge
,
a
very
goodly
and
beautiful
Building
,
with
Cellars
underneath
,
and
a
Walk
fairly
Paved
above
it
,
with
Rows
of
Shops
,
and
the
like
above
stairs
.
The
first
Stone
was
laid
the
10
th
of
June
1608
,
and
it
was
finished
in
November
following
.
The
Shops
above
and
under
were
curiously
adorn'd
,
and
in
April
following
the
Earl
Invited
King
James
,
the
Queen
,
the
Prince
,
the
Duke
of
York
,
to
come
thither
,
who
came
attended
with
many
of
the
Nobility
,
where
after
a
Rich
Banquet
the
King
named
it
Britains
Burse
.
There
are
also
two
Exchanges
more
,
viz.
The
Middle
Exchange
,
and
Exeter
Exchange
,
which
last
was
lately
built
;
in
both
which
Goods
are
sold
,
as
at
the
Royal
Exchange
.
Having
done
with
Exchanges
we
shall
proceed
to
the
Publick
Halls
of
Companies
.
As
for
the
Great
Guild-Hall
,
for
Orders
sake
the
Reader
is
referred
to
the
Section
in
the
Chapter
of
Government
that
Treats
of
Courts
.
And
as
for
the
Publick-Halls
of
Companies
,
the
Reader
is
also
Referred
to
the
Third
Section
of
the
5
th
Chap.
that
Treats
of
the
Respective
Corporations
.
SECT.
6.
Of
Colleges
and
Inns
of
Courts
.
THis
RENOWNED
CITY
may
not
unfitly
be
stiled
an
Vniversity
,
for
all
Liberal
Arts
and
Sciences
are
here
Taught
and
Profest
.
Here
is
Divinity
,
Law
,
and
Physick
Read
;
the
Municipal
or
Common-Laws
of
the
Nation
Taught
,
and
Degrees
taken
therein
,
which
can
be
said
in
no
other
Nation
:
Here
a
man
may
Learn
all
●orts
of
Languages
,
all
the
Branches
and
Parts
of
the
Mathematicks
,
and
the
Military
Art
,
whatsoever
is
necessary
to
make
an
ingenious
Nobleman
or
Gentleman
throughly
accomplished
,
in
Geography
,
Cosmography
,
Chronology
,
History
,
Hydrography
,
Navigation
,
Arithmetick
of
all
sorts
,
Vulgar
,
Instrumental
,
Decimal
,
Algebraical
,
or
Geometry
,
Astronomy
,
WHITE
HALL
THE
TEMPLE
PHISITIANS
COLLEDGE
LORD
SHAFTSBVRY
HOVSE
Fortification
,
Gunnery
,
Gaging
,
&c.
Brachygraphy
or
Short-hand
,
the
Arts
of
Riding
,
Fencing
,
Dancing
,
all
sorts
of
Musick
,
Vocal
and
Instrumental
,
Fire-works
of
all
kinds
,
Limning
,
Painting
,
Enamelling
,
Sculpture
or
Ingraving
,
Heraldry
,
Architecture
,
Grammar
,
Rhetorick
,
Poetry
,
and
indeed
any
thing
that
may
be
nam'd
of
European
Art
,
whether
Liberal
or
Mechanick
,
may
be
here
Learnt
with
most
exquisite
Curiosity
.
But
that
which
is
to
be
most
commended
as
the
chief
Blessing
is
,
that
this
Famous
City
excells
all
other
in
this
World
for
number
of
Pious
and
Godly
Protestant
Christians
,
of
Reverend
,
Godly
and
Learned
Divines
,
and
Ministers
,
who
Preach
the
Gospel
in
order
to
its
propagation
in
the
Power
and
Truth
thereof
;
Men
eminent
for
ability
in
all
sorts
of
Learning
,
and
for
Piety
and
Holiness
in
their
Lives
and
Conversations
;
such
Examples
,
as
very
well
second
their
Preaching
.
(
Which
is
spoke
not
to
boast
of
any
humane
perfection
,
as
meritorious
,
nor
to
magnifie
any
without
cause
,
nor
including
universals
,
because
some
that
take
that
Sacred
Function
upon
them
prove
otherwise
,
but
is
represented
as
a
motive
to
provoke
the
Inhabitants
to
thankfulness
for
so
great
a
Mercy
,
and
to
make
a
seasonable
and
profitable
Improvement
of
the
Blessing
,
lest
their
Candle
be
removed
.
)
In
a
few
words
it
may
be
said
of
this
City
(
in
allusion
to
what
is
spoken
,
Rev.
22.
11.
—
He
which
is
filthy
,
let
him
be
filthy
still
,
—
and
he
that
is
holy
,
let
him
be
holy
still
;
)
That
whosoever
has
a
mind
to
Associate
himself
with
sincere
,
pious
Christians
,
may
have
the
opportunity
to
do
so
as
much
as
can
be
desired
,
and
such
as
are
driven
by
the
impetuosity
of
irregular
and
too
much
prevailing
evils
,
may
find
(
which
ought
to
be
lamented
,
and
if
it
may
be
,
restrain'd
)
Companions
in
all
sorts
of
wickedness
,
which
is
not
mentioned
by
way
of
disparagement
to
any
individual
,
much
less
to
the
City
(
which
is
certainly
better
Govern'd
than
any
in
the
World
,
)
and
more
free
from
those
vile
Debaucheries
so
extraordinarily
frequent
in
other
great
Cities
;
but
as
a
check
to
those
licentious
persons
,
that
(
when
they
would
act
the
parts
of
ill
persons
)
Resort
to
the
Suburbs
without
the
Jurisdiction
of
the
Right
Honourable
the
Lord
Mayor
.
It
is
indeed
admirable
to
see
what
Order
is
kept
,
and
with
that
Harmony
,
so
that
upon
any
extraordinary
occasion
a
civil
man
may
walk
any
hour
in
the
night
,
giving
good
words
and
a
good
account
to
the
well
order'd
and
regular
Watches
,
&c.
But
of
this
more
in
the
Chapter
of
Government
.
Of
Gresham-College
.
The
same
Noble
Merchant
and
Citizen
of
London
,
Sir
Thomas
Gresham
(
of
whom
we
spoke
before
)
that
gave
the
Royal
Exchange
,
and
Built
Alms-houses
in
Broadstreet
,
that
gave
considerable
sums
of
Money
to
be
distributed
quarterly
for
ever
to
five
Prisons
and
four
Hospitals
in
and
about
this
City
,
Built
Gresham-College
,
and
endowed
it
with
the
Revenue
of
the
Royal
Exchange
,
of
which
he
gave
one
Moity
to
the
Lord
Mayor
and
Commonalty
and
their
Successors
,
and
the
other
Moity
to
the
Right
Worshipful
Company
of
Mercers
in
trust
,
that
the
Lord
Mayor
and
Aldermen
should
find
in
all
time
to
come
four
able
Persons
to
Read
Divinity
,
Geometry
,
Astronomy
,
and
Musick
,
and
to
allow
each
of
them
,
besides
fair
Lodgings
,
50
l.
a
Year
.
And
that
the
Company
of
Mercers
should
find
three
more
able
men
,
to
Read
Civil-Law
,
Physick
,
and
Rhetorick
,
each
of
which
to
have
also
,
besides
fair
Lodgings
,
50
l.
a
Year
,
which
Lectures
are
to
be
Read
every
Day
in
the
Week
(
except
the
Lords
Day
)
in
Term-time
,
in
the
Morning
in
Latine
,
and
in
the
Afternoon
the
same
in
English
,
except
the
Musick
Lecture
,
which
is
to
be
read
only
in
English
.
There
was
also
within
these
few
Years
a
Mechanick
Lecture
for
Natural
Philosophy
,
instituted
by
a
worthy
Gentleman
,
Sir
John
Cutler
,
with
a
Salary
for
the
Reader
of
50
l.
per
annum
,
to
be
read
at
the
time
and
place
where
the
Royal
Society
shall
meet
.
Of
the
Charter-House
,
called
Sutton's
Hospital
,
where
are
80
decay'd
Gentlemen
,
Soldiers
,
and
Merchants
,
with
a
Governor
and
Chaplain
;
44
Scholars
,
with
a
Master
and
Usher
,
plentifully
maintained
in
Diet
,
Lodging
,
Cloaths
,
Physick
,
&c.
living
in
a
Collegiate
manner
,
with
much
neatness
and
handsomness
,
the
44
Scholars
(
when
fit
for
the
Universities
)
being
to
receive
an
Allowance
of
20
l.
a
Year
for
eight
Years
after
their
Reception
there
,
out
of
the
Revenue
of
this
Colledge
.
And
such
as
are
fit
for
Trades
,
a
considerable
Sum
to
bind
them
Apprentices
;
where
there
are
also
all
meet
Officers
,
as
a
Physician
,
Apothecary
,
Steward
,
Cooks
,
Butlers
,
&c.
with
competent
Salaries
;
we
have
spoke
largely
already
in
the
Section
of
Hospitals
,
to
which
we
refer
.
Of
Sion
Colledge
.
This
Colledge
stands
not
far
from
Cripplegate
in
Cripplegate-Ward
,
where
there
was
in
ancient
Times
a
House
of
Nuns
.
This
being
in
great
decay
,
William
Elsing
Mercer
,
anno
1329.
3
E.
3.
began
in
the
place
thereof
the
Foundation
of
an
Hospital
for
one
hundred
blind
men
,
to
which
he
gave
two
Houses
of
a
considerable
value
.
But
't
was
anno
1332.
made
a
Priory
for
Canons
Regular
,
and
in
the
same
place
there
was
at
last
a
Colledge
erected
by
Thomas
White
Doctor
in
Divinity
,
for
the
use
of
the
Clergy
of
London
,
and
the
Liberties
thereof
,
and
a
part
thereof
to
be
for
20
poor
People
,
10.
Men
,
and
10
Women
.
To
perform
all
this
,
(
besides
several
Sums
of
money
,
and
considerable
yearly
Revenues
given
by
the
said
Doctor
White
,
to
pious
and
charitable
Uses
in
divers
places
)
he
gave
3000
l.
to
purchase
and
build
this
Colledge
;
and
for
the
maintenance
of
those
Poor
,
he
setled
120
l.
a
year
for
ever
,
and
40
l.
a
year
for
four
plentiful
Dinners
for
the
Clergy
that
shall
meet
there
,
who
are
to
have
four
Latin
Sermons
,
one
at
the
beginning
of
every
quarter
.
In
this
Colledge
is
a
fair
spacious
Library
built
by
John
Sympson
Rector
of
St.
Olaves
Hart-street
,
London
,
and
one
of
the
said
Doctor
White's
Executors
,
who
fitted
it
with
Wainscot
,
Stalls
,
Desks
,
Seats
,
and
other
necessary
and
useful
Ornaments
,
befitting
the
place
,
at
his
own
charge
.
This
Library
is
well
furnished
with
choice
Books
of
all
sorts
,
but
chiefly
such
as
are
useful
for
Divines
,
and
that
by
the
bounty
of
several
Benefactors
.
This
Colledge
felt
the
Rage
of
the
great
Fire
,
anno
1666.
but
it
is
very
handsomly
repaired
;
and
the
damage
of
the
Library
,
which
was
very
great
,
made
up
,
It
receives
increase
every
year
,
by
the
Legacies
or
Gifts
of
worthy
Persons
,
and
the
Piety
of
good
Authors
,
who
commonly
bestow
one
Book
of
what
they
publish
,
especially
of
Subjects
that
are
Voluminously
handled
,
upon
this
Colledge
,
where
they
are
Chain'd
up
,
and
kept
very
well
;
which
is
a
very
good
work
,
much
tending
to
the
advancement
of
Learning
.
Here
any
Student
may
repair
at
seasonable
hours
,
morning
and
afternoon
,
and
may
study
six
hours
in
a
day
without
interruption
,
and
may
enter
himself
a
Member
,
if
he
pleases
,
paying
Half
a
Crown
to
the
Library-Keeper
,
and
Twelve-pence
to
the
Person
that
sweeps
and
keeps
it
clean
.
To
conclude
,
it
is
extraordinary
useful
,
especially
for
the
poorer
sort
of
Students
,
who
cannot
purchase
a
necessary
store
of
Books
for
their
own
use
.
And
I
could
heartily
wish
,
that
some
of
our
learned
men
who
are
of
brave
,
publick
,
and
generous
minds
,
would
examine
wherein
it
is
deficient
,
and
set
on
foot
some
Medium
to
furnish
it
better
,
especially
with
Mathematical
,
Physical
,
Common
and
Civil
Law-Books
,
of
all
which
there
are
many
of
our
Modern
Writers
have
Treated
more
Exquisitely
,
than
any
of
their
Predecessors
.
Of
the
Colledge
of
Physicians
.
In
this
Renowned
City
,
there
is
a
Colledge
or
Corporation
of
Physicians
,
who
by
Charters
and
Acts
of
Parliament
of
Henry
VIII
.
and
since
his
Reign
,
have
certain
Priviledges
,
whereby
no
man
,
though
a
Graduate
in
Physick
of
Oxford
and
Cambridge
,
may
without
Licence
under
the
said
Colledge
Seal
,
practise
Physick
in
London
,
or
within
seven
Miles
of
the
said
City
,
(
nor
in
any
other
part
of
England
,
in
case
he
hath
not
taken
any
Degree
in
Oxford
or
Cambridge
)
whereby
also
they
can
administer
an
Oath
,
Fine
and
Imprison
any
Offenders
;
in
that
and
divers
other
Particulars
,
can
make
By-Laws
,
purchase
Lands
,
&c.
whereby
they
have
Authority
to
search
all
the
Shops
of
Apothecaries
in
and
about
London
,
to
see
if
their
Drugs
and
Compositions
be
wholsom
,
and
well
made
,
whereby
they
are
freed
from
all
troublesom
Offices
,
as
to
serve
upon
Juries
,
to
be
Constables
,
to
keep
Watch
and
Ward
,
to
bear
Arms
,
or
provide
Arms
or
Ammunition
,
&c.
Any
Member
of
this
Colledge
may
practise
Chyrurgery
if
he
please
,
not
only
in
London
,
but
in
any
part
of
England
.
This
Society
had
anciently
a
Colledge
in
Knight-rider-street
,
the
Gift
of
Dr.
Linacre
,
Physician
to
King
Henry
VIII
.
since
which
,
a
House
and
Ground
was
purchased
by
the
Society
of
Physicians
,
at
the
end
of
Amen-Corner
,
whereon
the
Famous
Dr.
Harvey
,
anno
1562
,
at
his
own
proper
charge
did
erect
a
magnificent
Structure
both
for
Library
and
a
Publick
Hall
,
and
for
the
meeting
of
the
several
Members
of
this
Society
,
endowed
the
same
with
his
whole
Inheritance
,
which
he
resigned
up
while
he
was
living
and
in
health
,
part
of
which
he
Assigned
for
an
Anniversary
Harangue
,
to
commemorate
all
their
Benefactors
,
and
exhort
others
to
follow
their
good
Example
,
and
to
provide
a
plentiful
Dinner
for
the
Worthy
Company
.
This
Goodly
Edifice
was
burnt
Anno
1666
,
and
the
Ground
being
but
a
Lease
,
the
present
Fellows
of
the
College
,
have
purchased
with
their
own
Moneys
,
a
Fair
piece
of
Ground
in
Warwick-Lane
,
whereon
they
have
raised
a
very
Magnificent
Edifice
.
Of
this
Colledge
there
is
a
President
,
four
Censors
,
aud
eight
Elects
,
who
are
all
Principal
Members
of
the
Society
,
and
out
of
whom
the
President
is
Yearly
chosen
.
The
four
Censors
have
by
their
Charter
,
Authority
to
Survey
,
Correct
and
Govern
all
Physitians
or
others
that
shall
Practice
in
London
,
or
within
Seven
Miles
of
the
same
,
to
Fine
,
Amerce
,
and
Imprison
any
of
them
,
as
they
shall
see
Cause
.
The
usual
Fee
of
a
Doctor
in
antient
times
was
20
s.
and
one
that
had
not
taken
that
Degree
,
10
s.
But
now
there
is
no
certain
Rule
,
but
some
that
are
Eminent
have
received
in
Fees
Yearly
2000
or
3000
l.
and
purchased
great
Estates
,
which
in
other
Countries
(
because
the
Fees
are
exceedingly
less
,
)
is
very
rare
.
Besides
the
Members
of
this
Colledge
,
there
are
divers
able
Physitians
in
London
,
that
have
great
Practice
,
although
they
never
had
any
License
,
which
is
conniv'd
at
by
the
Colledge
;
and
so
is
the
too
much
practice
of
Empericks
,
Mountebanks
,
Apothecaries
,
Chirurgeons
,
&c.
with
other
pretenders
to
Cure
,
by
things
which
they
call
Vniversal
Medicines
,
or
Panpharm●c●
.
And
certainly
it
is
a
very
Perillous
and
Destructive
abuse
,
to
suffer
unskilful
Persons
,
that
know
not
the
Nature
of
Diseases
,
nor
are
able
from
the
Constitution
of
the
Patient
,
and
requisite
Symptoms
,
to
infer
a
Rational
Conclusion
,
or
make
a
true
discovery
of
Causes
,
or
give
probable
Prognosticks
of
the
event
,
to
take
up
this
profession
,
because
they
neither
understand
the
Nature
of
Simples
,
nor
the
proper
and
fit
mixture
of
Compounds
,
and
consequently
cannot
apply
sutable
Medicaments
to
the
languishing
Patient
,
but
where
(
by
meer
chance
)
they
Cure
one
,
they
destroy
hundreds
,
such
being
as
great
Murtherers
of
the
Body
,
as
some
Audacious
,
Graceless
,
Heretical
,
and
unskilful
Pretenders
to
Preach
the
Sacred
Mysteries
of
the
Gospel
,
are
instruments
to
pervert
their
too
too
Credulous
Disciples
,
and
consequently
to
destroy
their
Souls
;
which
is
hinted
not
to
cast
any
disparagement
upon
those
Honorable
Functions
,
but
only
such
as
abuse
them
,
and
are
not
fitly
qualified
to
practice
them
.
And
it
could
be
wished
that
there
were
a
Reformation
of
the
abuses
in
each
,
their
errors
having
a
direct
tendency
to
destroy
both
Body
and
Soul
.
Indeed
the
Law
of
England
has
provided
,
that
if
one
who
is
no
Physitian
or
Chirurgeon
,
or
is
not
expresly
allowed
to
practice
,
shall
undertake
a
Cure
,
and
the
Patient
die
under
his
hand
,
it
shall
be
Felony
in
the
Person
presuming
so
to
do
.
And
the
Law
of
God
is
as
expresly
against
the
other
,
who
must
give
a
strict
account
to
the
Physitian
of
Souls
,
for
infecting
,
instead
of
Spiritually
healing
(
as
far
as
instruments
may
do
)
his
Flock
.
But
this
by
the
way
.
Of
the
College
of
Civilians
,
called
Doctors
Commons
.
The
Civil
Law
is
most
practised
in
London
,
though
Degrees
therein
are
taken
only
in
Oxford
and
Cambridge
,
and
the
Theory
there
best
acquired
.
The
College
called
Doctors
Commons
,
was
first
purchased
by
Doctor
Henry
Harvey
,
Dean
of
the
Arches
for
the
Professors
of
the
Civil
Law
,
where
commonly
did
reside
,
the
Judge
of
the
Arches
,
the
Judge
of
the
Admiralty
,
and
the
Judge
of
the
Prerogative
Court
,
with
divers
Eminent
Civilians
,
who
living
in
a
Collegiate
manner
,
and
Commoning
together
,
it
was
called
Doctors
Commons
.
It
stood
near
St.
Pauls
in
the
Parish
of
St.
Bennets
Pauls-Wharf
in
Farringdon-Ward-within
.
The
Buildings
were
utterly
consumed
by
the
Dreadful
Fire
in
1666
,
and
then
they
resided
at
Exeter-House
in
the
Strand
,
but
it
has
been
since
Re-built
at
the
proper
Cost
and
Charges
of
the
said
Doctors
,
in
a
most
Capacious
and
Beautiful
manner
,
where
they
keep
their
Courts
and
pleadings
every
Term
,
which
begins
and
ends
almost
at
the
same
time
with
the
Term
at
Westminster
.
The
Chief
Court
is
that
of
the
Arches
,
so
called
from
the
Arched
Church
of
St.
Mary-le-Bow
,
in
Cheapside
,
where
this
Court
was
wont
to
be
held
,
but
now
in
the
Common-Hall
at
Doctors
Commons
,
the
Judge
whereof
,
is
called
the
Dean
of
the
Arches
,
having
Jurisdiction
over
a
Deanry
,
consisting
of
thirteen
Parishes
within
London
,
exempt
from
the
Jurisdiction
of
the
Bishop
of
London
.
Hither
are
directed
all
Appeals
in
Ecclesiastical
matters
,
within
the
Province
of
Canterbury
;
to
this
belong
divers
Advocates
,
all
Doctors
of
the
Civil
Law
,
two
Registers
and
ten
Proctors
.
The
Dean
or
Judge
of
the
Arches
,
sitteth
alone
without
any
Assessors
,
and
Heareth
and
Determineth
all
Causes
,
without
any
Jury
of
Twelve
Men.
The
manner
is
briefly
thus
:
Fist
goes
out
a
Citation
,
then
a
Bill
and
Answer
,
then
by
Proofs
,
Witnesses
and
Presumptions
,
the
matter
is
Argued
pro
and
con
,
and
the
Canon
and
Civil
Laws
quoted
,
and
then
the
Definitive
Sentence
of
the
Judge
passeth
,
and
upon
that
Execution
.
But
by
Statute
25
Henry
the
VIII
.
it
was
provided
that
it
shall
be
Lawful
for
any
Subject
of
England
,
in
Case
of
Defect
of
Justice
in
the
Court
of
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
to
Appeal
to
the
King's
Majesty
in
His
Court
of
Chancery
,
and
that
upon
such
an
Appeal
,
a
Commission
under
the
Great
Seal
shall
be
directed
to
certain
Persons
,
particularly
Designed
for
that
business
;
so
that
from
the
Highest
Court
of
the
Archbishop
,
there
lyes
an
Appeal
to
this
Court
,
and
beyond
it
to
none
other
.
It
is
called
the
Court
of
Delegates
,
and
in
Civil
Affairs
is
the
Highest
Court
in
England
.
Ecclesiastical
Criminal
Causes
are
Tried
by
way
of
Accusation
,
Denunciation
,
or
Inquisition
.
The
first
,
When
some
one
takes
upon
him
to
prove
the
Crime
.
The
second
,
When
the
Church-Wardens
Present
,
and
are
not
bound
to
prove
,
because
it
is
presumed
they
do
it
without
Malice
,
and
that
the
Crime
is
Notorious
.
Thirdly
,
By
Inquisition
,
when
by
reason
of
Common
Fame
,
inquiry
is
made
by
the
Bishop
,
ex
Officio
suo
,
by
calling
some
of
the
Neighborhood
,
or
the
Party
Accused
,
to
their
Oaths
.
But
this
Oath
ex
Officio
,
was
taken
away
by
Parliament
,
in
the
time
of
King
Charles
the
First
.
If
the
Party
Accused
,
after
Admonition
submits
not
,
he
is
Excommunicated
from
the
Church
,
and
is
disenabled
to
be
a
Plaintiff
in
a
Law
Suit
,
&c.
Which
is
called
Excommunicatio
Minor
.
Excommunicatio
Major
excludes
from
the
Church
,
and
from
Society
in
Temporal
Affairs
,
and
that
for
Heresie
,
Schism
,
Perjury
,
Incest
,
or
such
grievous
Crimes
;
then
a
Man
cannot
be
Plantiff
,
or
Witness
,
in
any
Civil
or
Ecclesiastical
Court.
And
if
he
continues
Excommunicated
40
Days
,
the
King's
Writ
de
Excommunicato
capiendo
is
granted
out
of
the
Chancery
against
him
,
whereupon
he
is
cast
into
Prison
,
without
Bail
,
there
to
lye
till
he
hath
submitted
to
the
Bishop
,
and
satisfied
for
what
he
is
charged
with
;
by
which
many
tender
Consciences
have
suffered
deeply
.
There
is
an
Anathematismus
inflicted
upon
an
obstinate
Person
,
that
is
Judged
an
Heretick
,
wherein
he
is
Curs'd
and
Rejected
to
Damnation
.
There
is
also
an
Interdict
,
Prohibiting
all
Divine
Offices
to
a
Place
or
People
;
if
against
a
People
,
it
follows
them
any
where
;
if
against
a
Place
,
the
People
may
go
elsewhere
to
hear
.
Somtimes
a
Person
Adjudged
a
Delinquent
,
is
punished
another
way
,
which
is
called
Publick
Pennance
,
and
is
to
stand
in
the
Church-Porch
upon
Sunday
bare
Headed
and
bare
Footed
,
in
a
White
sheet
,
and
a
White
Rod
in
his
Hand
,
then
he
is
to
go
into
the
Church
,
and
his
Crime
being
publickly
repeated
,
and
he
professing
Repentance
,
is
Absolved
;
but
in
some
Cases
the
Party
may
come
off
for
Money
to
the
Poor
,
or
some
Pious
Use
,
which
is
not
always
converted
that
way
.
Christian
Burial
is
denyed
to
Persons
Excommunicate
,
or
Perjured
,
to
such
as
are
Hang'd
for
Felony
,
or
Kill
themselves
,
to
Apostates
,
Hereticks
,
and
Extortioners
.
Somtimes
the
Clergy
Men
are
suspened
,
ab
Officio
,
viz.
from
the
Exercise
of
their
Functions
,
somtimes
there
is
a
Deprivatio
a
Beneficio
,
when
deprived
of
their
Livings
;
somtimes
they
are
Degraded
,
that
is
,
Deprived
of
their
Orders
,
which
is
commonly
for
some
Heinous
Crime
.
So
much
Briefly
of
these
Censures
and
Punishments
.
The
Office
of
Actuary
attending
the
Court
of
Arches
,
is
to
set
down
the
Judges
Decrees
,
Register
the
Acts
of
the
Court
,
and
send
them
in
Books
of
the
Registry
.
The
Office
of
the
Register
is
to
Attend
the
Court
by
himself
or
Deputy
,
and
receive
all
Libels
or
Bills
,
Allegations
,
and
Exhibits
of
Witnesses
,
Files
all
Sentences
,
and
keeps
the
Records
of
the
Court.
The
Beadle
attends
the
Court
,
carryeth
a
Mace
before
the
Judge
,
and
calls
the
Persons
Cited
to
appear
.
The
Judge
and
all
the
Advocates
(
who
are
all
Doctors
of
the
Civil
Law
)
wear
Scarlet
Robes
,
with
Hoods
lined
with
Taffata
,
(
if
they
be
of
Oxford
)
or
White
Miniver
Furr
,
(
if
of
Cambridge
)
and
the
Proctors
ought
to
wear
Hoods
lined
with
Lamb
skin
,
if
not
Graduates
;
but
if
Graduates
,
Hoods
according
to
their
Degree
.
The
Proctors
are
Persons
that
Exhibit
their
Proxies
for
their
Clients
,
and
make
themselves
Parties
for
them
,
and
draw
and
give
in
Pleas
,
or
Libels
and
Allegations
,
in
the
behalf
of
their
Clients
,
produce
the
Witnesses
,
prepare
the
Causes
for
Sentence
,
and
and
attend
the
Advocates
with
the
proceedings
.
All
Arguments
made
by
Advocates
,
and
all
Petitions
made
by
Proctors
,
are
to
be
in
Latin
.
All
process
of
this
Court
,
runs
in
the
Name
of
the
Judge
,
and
returnable
before
him
,
heretofore
in
Bow-Church
,
but
now
in
the
Common-Hall
at
Doctors
Commons
.
The
Places
and
Offices
of
this
Court
are
in
the
Gift
of
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
.
These
Ecclesiastical
Laws
consist
of
Canons
made
by
General
Councels
,
the
Opinion
of
Fathers
,
the
Decrees
of
several
Bishops
of
Rome
formerly
admitted
,
and
our
own
Constitutions
,
made
antiently
in
several
Provincial
Synods
,
which
by
25
Henry
VIII
.
are
in
Force
so
far
as
they
are
not
Repugnant
to
the
Laws
and
Customs
of
England
,
or
the
King's
Prerogative
.
Then
the
Canons
made
in
the
Convocations
of
latter
times
,
as
Primo
Jacobi
,
and
confirmed
by
him
;
some
Statutes
Enacted
by
Parliament
,
and
divers
old
Customs
not
written
,
but
yet
in
use
;
and
where
these
fail
,
the
Civil
Law
takes
place
.
Amongst
the
Great
Officers
of
the
Crown
,
which
are
Nine
,
(
viz.
the
Lord
High
Steward
of
England
,
the
Lord
High
Chancellor
,
the
Lord
High
Treasurer
,
the
Lord
President
of
the
KING's
Council
,
the
Lord
Privy
Seal
,
the
Lord
Great
Chamberlain
,
the
Lord
High
Constable
,
the
Earl
Marshal
,
and
the
Lord
High
Admiral
of
England
.
)
The
last
only
appertains
to
this
place
;
his
Trust
and
Honour
is
so
great
,
that
it
has
been
usually
given
to
the
KING
's
Younger
Sons
,
near
Kinsmen
,
or
some
of
the
Highest
and
Chiefest
of
all
the
Nobility
.
He
has
the
management
of
all
Maritime
Affairs
,
as
well
in
respect
of
Jurisdiction
,
as
Protection
;
he
Governs
the
Navy
Royal
,
and
decides
all
Civil
and
Criminal
Causes
in
Sea
Affairs
,
whether
done
upon
or
beyond
Sea
,
in
any
part
of
the
world
,
on
the
Sea
Coasts
,
in
all
Ports
or
Havens
,
and
all
Rivers
beyond
the
First
Bridg
next
towards
the
Sea
.
Which
Dignity
is
now
executed
by
Commanders
.
To
the
ADMIRALTY
belong
several
Courts
,
but
this
at
Doctors
Commons
is
the
Principal
or
Supreme
,
and
it
may
not
be
improper
in
Treating
of
this
Colledge
,
to
give
a
brief
account
of
it
;
for
the
rest
the
Reader
is
referred
to
the
Present
State
of
England
.
In
this
Court
,
called
the
COURT
of
ADMIRALTY
,
he
hath
usually
a
Lieutenant
,
called
Judge
of
the
Admiralty
,
who
is
commonly
some
Learned
Doctor
of
the
Civil
Law
.
The
proceedings
in
all
Civil
Matters
,
are
according
to
the
Civil
Law
,
because
the
Sea
is
without
the
Limits
of
the
Common
Law
,
and
by
Libel
they
proceed
to
the
Action
,
the
Plaintiff
giving
Caution
to
prosecute
the
Suit
,
and
to
pay
what
shall
be
Adjudged
against
him
,
if
he
fail
in
the
Suit
;
the
Defendant
on
the
Contrary
,
securing
the
Plaintiff
by
a
sufficient
Surety
or
Caution
,
as
the
Judge
shall
think
meet
,
that
he
will
appear
in
Judgment
,
and
pay
what
shall
be
Adjudged
against
him
,
and
that
he
will
ratifie
and
allow
all
that
his
Proctor
shall
do
in
his
Name
,
whereby
the
Clients
are
well
assured
to
obtain
that
which
by
Law
shall
be
Adjudged
to
them
,
let
the
Cause
fall
on
which
side
soever
.
They
make
use
also
of
the
Laws
of
Rhodes
and
Oleron
;
whereof
the
former
is
an
Island
in
the
Medi●●rranean
Sea
,
about
20
Miles
distant
from
the
Continent
of
Asia
Minor
,
and
is
now
under
the
Turk
,
the
antient
Inhabitants
whereof
by
their
mighty
Trade
and
Power
at
Sea
,
grew
so
expert
in
the
Regulation
of
all
Maritime
Matters
and
Differences
,
that
their
Determinations
therein
were
esteemed
so
Just
and
Equitable
,
that
their
Laws
in
such
Affairs
,
have
ever
since
been
observed
for
Oracles
.
Those
Laws
were
long
ago
incorporated
into
the
Volumes
of
the
Civil-Law
:
and
the
Romans
who
gave
Laws
to
other
Nations
for
their
Sea
Affairs
,
referred
all
Debates
and
Differences
to
the
Judgment
of
these
Rhodian
Laws
.
Oleron
is
an
Island
antiently
belonging
to
the
Crown
of
England
,
seated
in
the
Bay
of
Aquitaine
,
not
far
from
the
Mouth
of
the
Garonne
,
where
our
Famous
King
Richard
the
first
caused
to
be
compiled
such
Excellent
Laws
for
Sea-Matters
,
that
in
the
Ocean-Sea
West
ward
,
they
had
almost
as
much
repute
as
the
Rhodian-Laws
in
the
Mediterranean
;
and
these
Laws
were
called
La
Rool
d'
Oleron
.
What
we
have
of
the
Rhodian-Law
,
with
the
Comments
thereon
,
inserted
by
the
old
Juris-Consults
in
the
Pandects
,
and
the
Constitutions
made
by
the
Roman
Emperors
,
contained
in
the
Code
and
in
the
Novelles
,
still
hold
preheminence
of
all
others
.
Under
this
Court
there
is
a
Court
of
Equity
for
Determining
Differences
between
Merchants
.
Former
Customs
and
Decrees
are
of
Force
also
to
decide
Controversies
.
The
proceeding
in
Criminal
Affairs
,
as
about
Piracy
,
is
,
according
to
two
Statutes
made
by
H.
VIII
.
to
be
Tried
by
Witnesses
,
and
a
Jury
,
by
special
Commission
of
the
KING
to
the
Lord
Admiral
,
wherein
some
of
the
Judges
of
the
Realm
are
ever
Commissioners
,
and
the
Trial
according
to
the
Laws
of
England
,
directed
by
those
Statutes
.
All
Causes
that
happen
between
the
High
and
Low-Water-Mark
are
determinable
at
Common-Law
,
because
that
place
belongs
then
to
the
body
of
the
Adjacent
Country
,
but
when
it
is
Full
Sea
,
the
Admiral
hath
Jurisdiction
there
also
,
(
so
long
as
the
Sea
flows
)
over
matters
done
between
Low-Water
Mark
and
the
Land
,
as
appears
in
Sir
Henry
Constables
Case
,
5
Report
,
Coke
,
p.
107.
For
Regulating
and
Ordering
His
Majesties
Navy
,
Ships
of
War
,
and
Forces
by
Sea
,
see
those
excellent
Articles
and
Orders
in
Stat.
13.
Car.
2.
Cap.
9.
The
Writs
and
Decrees
of
this
Court
run
in
the
Name
of
the
Lord
High
Admiral
,
and
are
Directed
to
all
Vice
-
Admirals
,
Justices
of
Peace
,
Mayors
,
Sheriffs
,
Bayliffs
,
Constables
Marshals
,
and
other
Officers
and
Ministers
of
our
Soveraign
Lord
the
King
,
as
well
within
Liberties
●s
without
.
To
this
Court
belongs
a
Register
;
a
Marshall
,
who
carries
a
Silver
Oar
before
the
Judge
,
whereon
are
the
Arms
of
the
King
,
and
the
Lord
High
Admiral
.
The
Lord
High
Admiral
hath
here
his
Advocate
and
Proctor
,
and
all
other
Advocates
and
Proctors
are
presented
by
them
,
and
admitted
by
the
Judge
.
This
Court
is
held
on
the
same
day
with
the
Arches
,
but
in
the
afternoon
in
the
same
Common-Hall
at
Doctors
Commons
.
But
the
Admiralty
Session
is
held
at
St.
Margarets-Hill
in
Southwark
,
where
it
was
antiently
kept
for
the
Tryal
of
Malefactors
,
and
Crimes
Committed
at
Sea
.
The
Places
and
Offices
of
this
Court
are
in
the
gift
of
the
Lord
High
Admiral
.
At
Doctors
Commons
is
another
Court
belonging
to
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
called
the
Prerogative
Court
,
which
Judgeth
all
Estates
fallen
by
Will
,
or
by
Intestates
;
It
is
so
called
because
the
Archbishop
,
by
vertue
of
his
Prerogative
,
hath
this
Power
throughout
the
whole
Province
,
where
the
Party
at
the
time
of
Death
had
5
l.
or
above
,
in
several
Diocesses
.
All
Citations
and
Decrees
run
in
the
Name
of
the
Archbishop
.
This
Court
is
kept
in
the
same
Common-Hall
in
the
Afternoon
,
next
day
after
the
Arches
,
and
was
heretofore
held
in
the
Consistory
at
Pauls
.
The
Judge
is
attended
with
a
Register
,
who
sets
down
the
Decrees
and
Acts
of
the
Court
,
and
keeps
the
Records
,
all
Original
Wills
and
Testaments
of
Parties
Dying
,
having
Bona
Notabilia
,
&c.
The
place
is
commonly
called
the
Prerogative
Office
,
now
kept
in
the
Deans
Court
near
St.
Pauls
Church-yard
,
where
for
a
Moderate
Fee
,
one
may
search
for
,
and
have
a
Copy
of
any
such
Testament
,
made
since
the
Rebellion
of
Wat-Tyler
and
Jack-Straw
,
(
which
is
above
300
years
ago
,
in
the
Reign
of
Richard
the
Second
)
for
by
those
Rebels
many
Records
and
Writings
in
London
and
other
places
were
then
burnt
and
destroyed
.
The
Places
belonging
to
this
Court
are
in
the
Gift
of
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
.
The
Court
of
Delegates
,
who
upon
every
New
Business
have
a
New
Commission
,
and
New
Judges
,
according
to
the
Nature
of
the
Affair
,
is
kept
also
in
the
same
Common-Hall
in
the
Afternoon
,
the
Day
after
the
Prerogative
;
But
of
this
we
have
spoken
something
before
:
the
Citations
and
Decrees
here
run
in
the
King's
Name
.
Of
the
College
of
Heralds
.
Not
far
from
the
College
of
Doctors
Commons
,
stood
the
College
of
Heralds
,
now
Rebuilt
.
It
was
an
antient
House
Built
by
Thomas
Stanley
Earl
of
Derby
,
who
Married
the
Mother
of
King
Henry
the
VII
.
and
was
bestowed
by
Queen
Mary
on
the
King's
Heralds
,
and
Pursuivants
at
Arms
for
ever
,
to
the
end
that
they
and
their
Successors
might
dwell
together
(
if
they
so
pleased
,
)
and
Assemble
,
Confer
and
Agree
for
the
good
Government
of
their
Faculty
,
and
that
their
Records
might
there
be
safely
preserved
.
These
are
to
be
the
Messengers
of
War
and
Peace
,
they
are
skilful
in
Descents
,
Pedigrees
,
and
Coats
of
Arms.
They
were
made
a
College
or
Corporation
by
Charter
of
King
Richard
the
III.
and
by
him
had
several
Priviledges
granted
unto
them
;
as
to
be
free
from
Subsidies
,
Tolls
,
and
all
troublesom
Offices
of
the
Kingdom
.
Another
Charter
of
Priviledges
was
granted
unto
the
Society
by
King
Edward
the
VI
,
in
the
Third
year
of
his
Reign
.
Of
this
Collegiate
Society
are
three
stiled
Kings
at
Arms
,
six
called
Heralds
,
and
four
Pursuivants
at
Arms.
The
first
and
principal
among
the
Kings
at
Arms
,
is
called
Garter
,
Instituted
by
King
Henry
the
fifth
,
whose
Office
(
as
was
said
in
the
Section
wherein
the
King's
Court
is
treated
of
)
is
to
attend
the
Knights
of
the
Garter
at
their
Solemnities
,
and
to
Marshal
the
Solemnities
at
the
Funerals
of
the
higher
Nobility
of
England
,
to
advertise
those
that
are
chosen
of
their
New
Election
,
to
call
on
them
to
be
Instal●ed
at
Windsor
,
to
cause
their
Arms
to
be
hung
up
upon
their
Seats
there
,
to
Carry
the
Garter
to
Kings
and
Princes
beyond
Seas
;
for
which
purpose
he
was
want
to
be
joyn'd
in
Commission
with
some
principal
Peer
of
the
Realm
,
&c.
The
next
is
Clarencieux
,
so
called
from
the
Duke
of
Clarence
,
to
whom
he
first
belonged
:
For
Lionel
,
Third
Son
to
Edward
the
Third
,
Marrying
the
Daughter
and
Heir
of
the
Earl
of
Vlster
in
Ireland
,
had
with
her
the
honour
of
Clare
in
Thomond
,
whereupon
he
was
afterwards
Created
Duke
of
Clarence
,
or
the
Territory
about
Clare
;
which
Dukedom
Escheating
to
King
Edward
the
Fourth
,
by
the
Death
of
his
Brother
George
Duke
of
Clarence
,
he
made
this
Herald
,
who
properly
belonged
to
that
Duke
,
a
King
at
Arms
,
and
named
him
Clarencieux
in
French
,
and
Clarentius
in
Latine
.
His
Office
is
to
Marshal
and
dispose
the
Funerals
of
the
Lower
Nobility
,
as
Baronets
,
Knights
,
Esquires
and
Gentlemen
on
the
South-side
of
Trent
,
and
therefore
sometimes
called
Surroy
,
or
Southroy
.
The
Third
King
at
Arms
is
Norroy
,
or
Northroy
,
whose
Office
is
to
do
the
like
on
all
the
North-side
of
Trent
.
These
two
are
called
Provincial
Heralds
,
England
being
divided
by
them
into
two
Provinces
.
These
,
by
Charter
,
have
power
to
visit
Noblemens
Families
,
to
set
down
their
Pedigrees
,
to
distinguish
their
Arms
,
to
appoint
men
their
Arms
on
Ensigns
,
and
with
Garter
to
Direct
the
Heralds
.
The
Six
Heralds
,
antiently
belonging
properly
to
Dukes
,
have
been
called
Dukes
at
Arms
,
and
are
thus
called
and
Ranked
.
1.
Windsor
.
2.
Richmond
,
3.
Chester
.
4.
Somerset
.
5.
York
.
6.
Lancaster
,
who
now
wait
at
Court
,
attend
Publick
Solemnities
,
Proclaim
War
and
Peace
,
&c.
Of
these
Heralds
there
are
at
present
but
Four
,
who
are
named
Rouge-Cross
,
Rouge-Dragon
,
Portcullice
,
and
Blew-mantle
;
from
such
Badges
heretofore
worn
by
them
,
as
it
is
thought
.
The
Service
of
the
whole
College
is
used
in
Marshalling
and
ordering
Coronations
,
Marriages
,
Christnings
,
Funerals
,
Interviews
,
Feasts
of
Kings
and
Princes
,
Cavalcades
,
Shews
,
Justs
,
Tournaments
,
Combats
before
the
Constable
and
Marshal
,
&c.
to
take
care
of
the
Coats
of
Arms
,
of
the
Genealogies
of
the
Nobility
and
Gentry
;
and
whatsoever
concerns
Honour
.
They
all
receive
yearly
Sallaries
out
of
the
Exchequer
,
and
are
to
be
Gentlemen
at
least
.
The
Six
Heralds
are
Exp●esly
made
Esquires
by
the
King
,
when
they
are
Created
;
which
is
now
done
by
the
Earl-Marshal
,
who
hath
a
special
Commission
for
every
particular
Creation
,
which
anciently
was
performed
by
the
King
himself
.
For
the
Creating
and
Crowning
Garter
King
at
Arms
,
there
are
provided
a
Sword
and
Book
,
whereon
to
take
a
Solemn
Oath
;
then
a
Gilt
Crown
,
a
Collar
of
SS's
,
a
Bowl
of
Wine
,
which
Bowl
is
the
Fee
of
the
New
Created
King
,
also
a
Coat
of
Arms
of
Velvet
,
richly
Embroidered
.
He
is
thus
Created
.
First
he
kneels
down
before
the
Earl-Marshal
,
and
laying
his
hand
on
the
Book
and
Sword
,
another
King
at
Arms
reads
the
Oath
;
which
being
taken
,
and
the
Book
and
Sword
,
the
Letters
Patents
of
his
Office
are
read
,
during
which
the
Earl-Marshal
pours
the
Wine
on
his
head
,
giving
him
the
Name
of
Garter
,
then
puts
on
him
the
Coat
of
Arms
and
Collar
of
SS's
,
and
the
Crown
on
his
head
.
His
Oath
is
,
To
obey
the
Supream
Head
of
the
Most
Noble
Order
of
the
Garter
,
and
then
the
Noble
Knights
of
that
Order
,
in
such
things
as
appertain
to
his
Office
;
to
inquire
diligently
what
Notable
or
Noble
Acts
are
performed
by
every
Knight
of
the
Order
,
and
certifie
the
same
to
the
Register
of
the
Order
,
that
he
may
Record
it
,
and
to
give
Notice
to
the
King
and
the
Knights
of
the
Order
,
of
the
Death
of
any
of
that
Society
:
To
have
an
exact
knowledge
of
all
the
Nobility
,
to
instruct
Heralds
and
Pursuivants
in
doubts
concerning
Arms
,
and
to
eschew
and
avoid
all
persons
of
ill
reputation
;
to
be
more
ready
to
excuse
then
to
blame
any
Noble
person
,
unless
called
by
Authority
to
Witness
against
them
,
&c.
This
Officer
hath
a
Double
Sallary
,
that
is
,
twice
as
much
as
the
other
two
Kings
;
he
hath
Fees
at
Instalments
,
yearly
Wages
given
by
the
Knights
of
the
Garter
,
and
their
uppermost
Garment
when
Installed
,
&c.
The
two
Provincial
Kings
at
Arms
,
Clarencieux
and
Norroy
,
are
Created
by
Letters
Patents
,
a
Book
,
a
Sword
,
&c.
as
Garter
,
and
with
almost
the
same
Ceremonies
.
A
Herald
at
Arms
is
Created
with
the
like
Ceremony
,
but
his
Coat
of
Arms
is
to
be
Satin
,
imbroidered
richly
with
Gold
,
he
is
brought
in
by
two
Heralds
,
as
a
King
at
Arms
is
by
two
Kings
at
Arms.
They
take
a
Solemn
Oath
to
be
true
to
the
King
,
to
be
serviceable
to
Gentlemen
,
to
keep
Secrets
of
Knights
,
Esquires
,
Ladies
,
and
Gentlewomen
,
to
assist
distressed
Gentlemen
and
Gentlewomen
,
Widows
and
Virgins
,
to
avoid
Taverns
,
Dicing
,
and
Whore-Houses
,
&c.
The
Pursuivants
at
Arms
are
Created
likewise
by
Letters
Patents
,
a
Book
,
a
Bowl
of
Wine
,
and
a
Coat
of
Arms
of
Damask
,
and
to
be
brought
in
as
the
Heralds
before
the
Earl-Marshal
or
his
Deputy
;
to
Swear
Solemnly
to
be
true
to
the
King
,
to
be
serviceable
to
all
Christians
,
to
be
Secret
and
Sober
,
more
ready
to
commend
than
to
blame
,
to
be
humble
,
lowly
,
&c.
This
College
felt
the
fury
of
the
great
Fire
,
but
is
since
very
beautifully
re-built
by
the
Members
,
and
the
bountiful
contribution
of
Honourable
Persons
.
Here
are
always
Officers
waiting
to
satisfie
Comers
,
touching
Descents
,
Pedigrees
,
Coats
of
Arms
,
&c.
These
Officers
are
the
King
's
Sworn
Servants
,
of
which
see
the
fourth
Section
of
the
third
Chapter
,
where
we
treated
of
the
King
's
Court.
Inns
of
Courts
.
The
Colleges
of
Municipal
or
Common-Law-Professors
and
Students
are
Fourteen
,
which
may
be
(
not
unfitly
)
stiled
an
Vniversity
,
where
the
Students
of
the
Law
and
Practitioners
thereof
live
not
of
common
Stipends
,
but
by
their
Places
or
Practice
,
or
their
own
Proper
Revenues
,
or
their
Friend
▪
Exhibition
,
for
they
are
most
commonly
Gentlemen
by
Descent
,
and
it
was
the
command
of
King
James
that
none
but
such
should
be
admitted
,
because
others
may
be
prone
to
debase
the
honour
of
the
Law
,
and
play
tricks
;
whereas
the
sense
of
Honour
,
in
persons
of
Birth
and
Fortune
,
engages
them
to
preserve
their
Reputation
.
These
Colleges
are
called
Inns
,
which
was
the
old
English
Word
for
the
Houses
of
Noblemen
or
Bishops
,
or
men
of
great
Note
,
as
the
French
word
Hostel
at
Paris
.
There
are
Two
Inns
of
Sergeants
,
Four
Inns
of
Courts
,
and
Eight
Inns
of
Chancery
,
of
which
there
are
Nine
within
the
Liberty
of
the
City
,
and
five
in
the
Suburbs
.
Those
within
the
City
Liberties
are
-
Sergeants
Inn
Fleetstreet
-
Sergeants
Inn
Chancery-lane
-
For
Judges
and
Sergeants
only
.
-
The
Inner
-
The
Middle
-
Temple
,
in
Fleet-street
,
are
Inns
of
Court
.
-
Cliffords
Inn
,
Fleetstreet
-
Thavies
Inn
-
Furnivals
Inn
-
Bernards
Inn
-
Staple
Inn
-
Holborn
-
Are
Inns
of
Chancery
.
Without
the
Liberties
are
-
Grays
Inn
Holborn
-
Lincolns
Inn
Chancery-lane
-
Inns
of
Court
.
-
Clements
Inn
-
New
Inn
-
Lyons
Inn
-
Inns
of
Chancery
.
Of
these
we
shall
briefly
speak
in
this
O●deras
.
1.
The
Sergeants
Inns
are
so
called
,
because
Divers
Judges
and
Serjeants
at
Law
keep
their
Commons
,
and
Lodge
there
in
Term-time
.
In
these
Inns
(
or
Colleges
)
the
Students
of
the
Common-Law
(
when
they
are
arrived
to
the
highest
Degree
)
have
Lodging
and
Dyet
.
They
are
called
Servientes
ad
legem
,
Sergeants
at
Law
.
These
are
bred
two
or
three
years
in
the
University
,
and
there
chiefly
versed
in
Logick
and
Rhetorick
,
which
are
expedient
for
a
Lawyer
,
as
also
in
the
Theory
of
the
Civil-Law
,
and
some
knowledge
in
the
French
Tongue
as
well
as
Latine
,
then
the
Student
is
admitted
to
be
one
of
the
Four
Inns
of
Court
,
where
he
is
first
called
a
Moot-man
,
and
after
about
seven
years
Study
,
is
chosen
an
Vtter
Barrister
;
and
having
then
spent
twelve
years
more
,
and
performed
his
Exercises
(
of
which
more
hereafter
,
)
he
is
chosen
a
Bencher
,
and
sometime
after
a
Reader
.
During
the
Reading
,
which
heretofore
was
three
Weeks
and
three
Days
,
as
afore-mentioned
,
the
Reader
keeps
a
Constant
and
sumptuous
Feasting
,
Inviting
the
Chief
Nobles
,
Judges
,
Bishops
,
Great
Officers
of
the
Kingdom
,
and
sometimes
the
King
himself
,
that
it
costs
them
sometimes
800
l.
or
1000
l.
Afterwards
he
wears
a
long
Robe
different
from
other
Barristers
,
and
is
then
in
a
capacity
to
be
made
a
Sergeant
at
Law
,
when
his
Majesty
shall
be
pleased
to
call
him
,
which
is
in
this
Manner
.
When
the
Number
of
Sergeants
is
small
,
the
Lord
Chief
Justice
of
the
Common
Pleas
,
by
the
advice
and
consent
of
the
other
Judges
,
makes
choice
of
six
or
eight
more
or
less
,
of
the
most
grave
and
learned
of
the
Inns
of
Court
,
and
presents
their
Names
to
the
Lord
Chancellor
,
or
Lord
Keeper
,
who
sends
by
the
Kings
Writ
to
each
of
them
,
to
appear
on
such
a
Day
before
the
King
to
receive
the
State
and
Degree
of
a
Serjeant
at
Law
;
at
the
appointed
time
,
they
being
habited
in
Robes
of
two
Colours
.
viz.
Brown
and
Blew
,
come
accompanied
with
the
Students
of
the
Inns
of
Courts
,
and
attended
by
a
Train
of
Servants
and
Retainers
,
in
peculiar
Cloath-Liveries
,
to
Westminster-Hall
,
and
there
in
publick
take
a
Solemn
Oath
,
and
are
Cloathed
with
certain
Robes
and
Coifs
,
without
which
they
may
be
seen
no
more
in
publick
:
After
this
,
they
Feast
the
great
Persons
of
the
Nation
,
in
a
very
Magnificent
and
Princely
manner
;
give
Gold
Rings
to
the
Princes
of
the
Royal
Family
,
the
Archbishops
,
Chancellor
and
Treasurer
,
to
the
value
of
40
s.
each
Ring
,
and
to
Earls
and
Bishops
Rings
of
20
s.
To
other
Great
Officers
,
to
Barons
,
&c.
Rings
of
less
value
.
Out
of
these
are
chosen
all
the
Judges
of
the
King's
Bench
and
Common-Pleas
;
Wherefore
all
those
Judges
do
always
wear
the
white
Linnen
Coif
,
which
is
the
principal
Badge
of
a
Sergeant
,
and
which
he
has
had
the
priviledge
to
wear
at
all
times
,
even
in
the
King's
presence
,
and
whilst
he
spake
to
the
King
,
though
antiently
no
Subject
may
be
so
much
as
capped
in
the
King's
presence
.
When
any
of
the
Judges
are
wanting
,
the
King
by
advice
of
the
Council
makes
choice
of
one
of
those
Sergeants
at
Law
to
supply
his
place
,
and
by
Letters
Patents
Sealed
by
the
Lord
Chancellor
,
who
Constitutes
him
(
sitting
in
the
middle
of
the
rest
of
the
Judges
)
by
a
set
Speech
,
Declaring
to
the
Serjeant
that
upon
this
occasion
he
is
called
to
do
Justice
with
Expedition
and
Impartiality
to
His
Majesties
Subjects
,
causing
the
Letters
Patents
to
be
read
,
and
then
Departs
;
after
which
the
Lord
Chief
Justice
places
the
said
Sergeant
on
the
Bench
,
Junior
to
all
the
rest
,
and
having
taken
an
Oath
well
and
truly
to
Serve
the
King
and
his
People
in
his
Office
,
to
take
no
Brib●
,
to
do
equal
and
speedy
Justice
to
all
,
&c.
He
sets
himself
to
the
Execution
of
his
Charge
.
Being
thus
advanced
,
he
hath
great
honour
and
a
considerable
Salary
,
besides
perquisites
,
for
each
one
hath
1000
l.
a
year
from
the
King
.
His
habit
of
a
Sergeant
is
somewhat
altered
;
his
long
Robe
and
Cap
,
his
Hood
and
Coif
,
are
the
same
;
but
there
is
besides
a
Cloak
put
over
him
,
and
closed
on
his
Right
Shoulder
,
and
instead
of
a
Caputium
lined
with
Minever
,
or
de
minuto
vario
,
divers
small
pieces
of
white
rich
Fur
;
only
the
two
Lord
Chief-Justices
,
and
the
Lord
Chief-Baron
have
their
Hoods
,
Sleeves
,
and
Collars
turned
up
with
Ermine
.
☞
Note
that
the
two
Sergeants
Inns
belong
to
the
twelve
Judges
,
and
about
twenty-six
Sergeants
.
The
Fees
in
old
times
from
a
Client
to
a
Sergeant
at
Law
,
for
advice
in
his
Chamber
,
or
for
pleading
in
any
Court
of
Judicature
,
was
but
20
s.
and
the
Fee
of
a
Barrister
10
s.
which
is
now
more
then
is
given
in
our
Neighbour
Nations
,
but
at
present
it
is
usual
to
give
some
some
Sergeants
10
l.
and
some
20
l.
and
to
a
Barrister
half
as
much
at
the
pleading
of
any
Considerable
Cause
;
so
that
some
Lawyers
gain
3000
or
4000
l.
yearly
in
Fees
,
and
purchase
great
Estates
in
a
few
years
,
and
are
sometimes
advanced
to
be
Peers
of
the
Realm
,
as
late
times
especially
have
shewn
.
When
there
was
a
call
of
Serjeants
at
Law
,
it
was
almost
incredible
to
hear
of
their
preparations
in
old
times
,
they
have
often
kept
their
Feasts
in
Ely
House
,
which
was
the
Bishop
of
Ely's
Palace
in
Holborn
.
There
was
a
call
of
Seven
Sergeants
,
in
the
year
1464.
4.
E.
4.
in
Michaelmas
Term
,
who
kept
their
Feast
in
this
Palace
,
to
which
Sir
Matthew
Philip
,
Lord
Mayor
of
London
,
with
the
Aldermen
,
Sheriffs
,
and
the
most
eminent
Commoners
,
were
invited
,
to
which
they
came
;
but
the
Lord
Gray
of
Ruthen
,
then
Lord
Treasurer
of
England
,
was
placed
(
against
the
minds
of
the
Serjeants
,
as
they
said
)
before
the
Lord
Mayor
,
who
thereupon
took
such
Distaste
that
he
went
away
with
the
Aldermen
,
Sheriffs
,
and
Commons
,
without
partaking
of
the
Feast
,
to
the
great
trouble
of
the
New
Sergeants
,
as
well
as
the
dissatisfaction
of
the
City
.
There
was
another
Feast
kept
there
for
Five
days
by
the
Sergeants
,
in
the
Year
1531.
23
Henry
VIII
.
where
the
King
,
Queen
,
and
Foreign
Ambassadors
Dined
,
as
also
the
Lord
Mayor
,
the
Judges
,
the
Barons
of
the
Exchequer
,
the
Aldermen
of
the
City
,
and
several
Eminent
Persons
,
Merchants
and
Publick
Officers
,
and
many
Gentlemen
of
Quality
.
There
were
brought
to
the
Slaughter-House
24
great
Beefs
,
at
26
s.
8
d.
a
piece
,
from
the
Shambles
;
one
Carkass
of
an
Oxe
at
24
s.
One
hundred
Fat
Muttons
,
at
2
s.
10
d.
a
piece
.
51
great
Veals
,
at
4
s.
8
d.
a
piece
;
34
Porks
at
3
s.
8
d.
a
piece
;
91
Piggs
at
6
d.
each
;
10
Dozen
of
Capons
of
one
Poulterer
,
(
for
they
had
three
)
at
20
d.
a
piece
;
Capons
of
Kent
9
Dozen
and
a
half
at
12
d.
a
piece
;
Capons
Course
,
Nineteen
Dozen
at
6
d.
a
piece
;
Cocks
of
Gross
7
Dozen
and
9
,
at
8
d.
a
piece
;
Cocks
Course
14
Dozen
and
8
at
3
d.
a
piece
;
Pullets
the
best
2
d
half
penny
,
other
Pullets
two
pence
;
Pigeons
37
Dozen
,
at
10
d.
the
Dozen
;
Swans
14
Dozen
;
Larks
340
Dozen
,
at
5
d.
the
Dozen
,
&c.
with
all
other
Appurtenances
needful
for
a
Splendid
and
Magnificent
Entertainment
.
Which
is
mentioned
the
rather
,
to
shew
the
Change
of
Prices
,
this
being
but
150
Years
ago
.
The
two
Temples
near
Temple-Bar
,
were
formerly
the
dwelling
of
the
Knights
Templers
,
who
founded
them
in
the
Reign
of
Henry
the
II.
These
Templers
took
beginning
about
the
Year
1118.
Their
first
profession
was
for
safeguard
of
Pilgrims
,
coming
to
visit
the
Sepulchre
at
Jerusalem
,
and
increased
mightily
.
They
bare
Crosses
of
red
Cloth
on
their
uppermost
Garments
,
to
be
known
from
others
,
they
were
called
Templers
,
or
Knights
of
the
Temple
,
because
their
first
Mansion
was
near
the
Temple
in
Jerusalem
,
granted
to
them
by
King
Baldwin
.
Many
Noblemen
afterwards
in
all
parts
of
Christendom
became
Brethren
of
this
Order
,
and
built
themselves
Dwellings
in
every
great
Town
,
but
this
at
London
was
their
chief
Dwelling
in
England
.
Matthew
Paris
Reports
,
that
they
were
first
so
Poor
,
that
they
had
but
one
Horse
to
Serve
two
of
them
;
but
they
became
very
Rich
and
Pompous
afterwards
,
and
entertained
the
Nobility
,
and
Foreign
Ambassadors
,
and
the
Prince
Himself
frequently
;
their
Seal
for
the
reason
aforesaid
,
was
two
Men
riding
upon
one
Horse
.
Many
Parliaments
and
Great
Councels
have
been
there
kept
,
as
appears
in
our
Historys
.
In
the
Year
1308.
all
the
Templers
in
England
and
all
Christendom
were
apprehended
,
and
committed
to
divers
Prisons
,
for
Heresie
and
other
Articles
,
by
means
of
Philip
King
of
France
,
who
procured
them
to
be
Condemned
by
a
General
Councel
,
whose
Lands
were
given
by
a
Councel
at
Vienna
,
Anno
1324
,
to
the
Knights
Hospitallers
,
called
the
Order
of
St.
John
of
Jerusalem
,
who
took
the
Island
of
Rhodes
from
the
Turk
,
and
bravely
maintained
it
,
till
the
time
of
Solyman
the
Magnificent
;
who
after
a
most
sharp
and
tedious
Siege
of
six
Months
,
took
it
,
when
they
had
Valorously
kept
it
about
200
Years
,
and
made
a
dismal
slaughter
in
Solymans
great
Army
consisting
of
about
200000
Men
,
and
300
Gallies
,
&c.
These
Knights
have
since
Inhabited
Malta
,
another
Island
in
the
Mediterranean
Sea
,
given
them
by
the
King
of
Spain
.
In
the
Reign
of
Edward
the
III.
this
Temple
was
purchased
by
the
Students
of
the
Common
Law
,
which
is
above
300
Years
ago
:
they
are
called
the
Inner
and
Middle
Temple
,
in
Relation
to
Essex-House
,
which
was
part
of
the
Knights
Templers
,
and
called
the
Outer-Temple
,
because
Sealed
without
Temple-Bar
.
As
to
the
Casualties
of
Fire
and
Tumults
,
by
which
this
Temple
suffered
,
(
but
now
restored
in
a
Beautiful
and
Stately
manner
,
)
we
refer
to
the
Chapter
that
particularly
Treats
of
such
things
.
The
Inns
of
CHANCERY
,
are
Cliffords-Inn
in
Fleet-street
,
somtimes
belonging
to
the
Lord
Clifford
,
but
afterwards
let
to
Students
of
Law
,
Thavies-Inn
in
Holborn
,
begun
in
the
Reign
of
Edward
the
III
,
and
since
purchased
by
Lincolns-Inn
,
as
was
also
Furnivals-Inn
in
Holborn
,
Bernards-Inn
,
and
Staple-Inn
,
belonging
to
the
Merchants
of
the
Staple
;
These
Five
Inns
of
Chancery
are
within
the
Liberties
of
the
City
:
And
Clements-Inn
so
called
,
because
it
stands
near
St.
Clements
Church
without
Temple-Bar
;
New-Inn
,
so
called
,
because
of
a
Newer
Foundation
than
the
others
,
and
Lyons-Inn
,
antiently
a
Common-Inn
,
with
the
Sign
of
the
Lyon
;
which
three
last
are
without
the
City
Liberties
.
These
were
heretofore
Preparatory
Colledges
for
Younger
Students
,
and
many
were
entred
here
,
before
Admitted
to
the
Inns
of
Courts
.
But
now
they
are
for
the
most
part
taken
up
by
Attornies
,
Solicitors
and
Clerks
,
who
have
here
their
Chambers
apart
,
and
their
Diet
at
a
very
easie
rate
,
in
a
Hall
together
,
where
they
are
obliged
to
appear
in
Grave
long
Robes
,
and
Black
round
knit
Caps
.
These
Colledges
belong
all
to
some
Inns
of
Court
,
who
send
Yearly
some
of
their
Barristers
to
Read
to
these
.
In
each
of
which
,
one
with
another
,
there
are
about
60
or
70
Persons
.
There
are
two
Inns
of
Court
without
the
City
Liberties
,
called
Lincolns-Inn
,
which
antiently
belonged
to
the
Earls
of
Lincoln
;
and
Greys
Inn
,
belonging
to
the
Noble
Family
of
the
Greys
.
These
two
Inns
are
very
Capacious
and
Stately
Colleges
,
with
very
lovely
Walks
,
and
Gardens
;
Greys-Inn
especially
,
being
Seated
upon
the
very
Edge
or
Skirt
of
the
Sub●rbs
in
Holborn
,
yeilds
a
most
Gallant
Prospect
into
the
Country
,
and
in
its
Beautiful
Walks
,
one
may
partake
of
the
fresh
Country
Ayr
,
as
well
as
if
in
the
Country
.
In
these
two
Inns
,
and
in
the
two
Temples
,
(
which
are
our
four
Inns
of
Court
,
as
was
said
,
)
the
Gentlemen
that
are
Studious
of
the
Common
Law
,
reside
in
a
Collegiate
manner
.
And
in
the
Reign
of
Henry
the
VI
,
they
florished
so
that
there
were
in
each
about
200
Students
,
each
expending
Yearly
about
20
l.
which
was
as
much
as
200
l.
now
,
and
were
,
as
Fortescue
saith
,
Vltra
Studium
legum
,
quasi
Gymnasia
omnium
morum
;
that
is
,
Besides
the
Studies
of
the
Law
,
as
it
were
Schools
of
all
sorts
of
Civility
and
Good
breeding
,
or
manners
.
These
Societies
are
no
Corporations
,
nor
have
any
Judicial
Power
over
their
Members
,
but
have
certain
Orders
among
themselves
,
which
have
by
consent
the
Force
of
Laws
:
For
lighter
offences
they
are
Excommoned
,
or
put
out
of
Commons
,
not
to
eat
with
the
rest
;
and
for
greater
Offences
they
lose
their
Chambers
,
and
are
expelled
the
College
;
and
being
once
expelled
,
they
are
never
received
by
any
of
the
three
other
Societies
.
Which
deprivation
of
Honour
to
Young
generous
Spirits
,
is
more
grievous
than
perhaps
Deprivation
of
life
.
They
wear
a
Grave
black
Robe
and
Cap
,
when
they
meet
at
Chappel
,
at
the
Hall
,
or
at
Courts
of
Justice
,
and
at
other
times
walk
with
Cloak
and
Sword
,
or
what
they
please
.
These
Colleges
have
no
Lands
nor
Revenues
,
because
being
no
Corporations
they
cannot
purchase
,
but
the
charges
of
the
House
are
defray'd
by
what
is
paid
at
Admittances
,
and
Quit-Rents
for
their
Chambers
.
The
whole
Company
of
Gentlemen
in
each
Society
,
may
be
divided
into
4
parts
,
Benchers
,
Vtter-Barristers
,
Inner-Barristers
,
and
Students
.
Benchers
are
the
Seniors
,
to
whom
is
Committed
the
Government
and
ordering
of
the
whole
House
,
and
out
of
these
is
Chosen
Yearly
a
Treasurer
,
who
Receiveth
,
Disburseth
,
and
Accounteth
for
all
Monies
belong
to
the
House
.
Vtter-Barristers
are
such
as
from
their
Learning
and
Standing
,
are
called
by
the
Benchers
to
Plead
and
Argue
in
the
Society
doubtful
Cases
and
Questions
,
which
are
called
Moots
(
from
Meeting
,
the
old
Saxon
word
,
for
the
French
Assemble
,
or
else
from
the
French
Mot
,
a
word
,
)
and
whilst
they
Argue
the
said
Cases
,
they
sit
outermost
on
the
Forms
of
the
Benchers
,
which
they
call
the
Bar.
Out
of
these
Moot-Men
are
chosen
Readers
for
the
Inns
of
Chancery
belonging
to
the
Inns
of
Court
,
whereof
they
are
Members
,
where
in
Term
time
,
and
Grand
Vacations
,
they
Argue
Cases
in
the
presence
of
Attornies
and
Clerks
.
All
the
rest
are
accounted
Inner-Barristers
who
for
want
of
Learning
or
time
,
are
not
to
Argue
in
these
Moots
;
and
yet
in
a
Moot
before
the
Benchers
,
two
of
these
Inner-Barristers
sitting
on
the
same
Form
with
the
Vtter-Barristers
,
do
▪
for
their
Exercises
,
recite
by
heart
,
the
pleading
of
the
same
Moot-Case
,
the
one
taking
the
part
of
the
Plaintiff
,
and
the
other
of
the
Defendant
.
They
divide
the
Year
into
three
parts
.
-
1.
The
Learning
Vacation
.
-
2.
The
Term
times
.
-
3.
The
Dead
,
or
Mean
Vacation
.
They
have
two
Learning
Vacations
,
viz.
Lent
Vacation
,
which
begins
the
first
Monday
in
Lent
,
and
continues
Three
weeks
and
Three
days
:
and
Summer
Vacation
,
which
begins
the
Monday
after
Lammas
day
,
and
continues
also
Three
weeks
and
Three
days
.
In
these
Vacations
are
the
greatest
Conferences
and
Studious
Exercises
in
this
manner
.
The
Benchers
appoint
the
Eldest
Vtter-Barristers
to
Read
among
them
openly
in
the
Hall
,
whereof
he
hath
Notice
half
a
Year
before
;
he
then
,
the
first
day
about
Eight
of
the
Clock
,
makes
choice
of
some
Act
or
Statute
,
whereupon
he
Grounds
his
whole
Reading
for
that
Vacation
,
and
declares
such
Mischiefs
and
Inconveniencies
as
were
not
provided
against
before
the
same
Act
,
and
then
Reciteth
certain
Doubts
and
Questions
which
he
hath
devised
,
that
may
grow
upon
the
said
Statute
,
and
declareth
his
Judgment
therein
:
after
which
one
of
the
Younger
Vtter-Barristers
,
repeats
one
Question
propounded
by
the
Reader
,
and
doth
by
way
of
Argument
labour
to
prove
the
Readers
Opinion
to
be
against
Law
;
and
after
him
,
the
Senior
Vtter-Barristers
and
Readers
,
one
after
another
,
according
to
Seniority
,
do
declare
their
Opinions
and
Judgments
in
the
same
,
and
then
the
Reader
who
did
put
the
Case
,
endeavours
to
Confute
the
Objections
laid
against
him
,
and
to
confirm
his
own
Opinion
.
After
which
the
Judges
and
Sergeants
(
if
any
be
present
)
declare
their
Opinions
;
then
the
Youngest
Vtter-Barrister
,
again
Rehearseth
another
Case
,
which
is
Prosecuted
as
the
former
was
.
And
this
Exercise
continues
Daily
Three
or
Four
hours
.
Out
of
those
who
have
Read
once
in
the
Summer
Vacation
,
and
are
Benchers
,
is
chosen
always
one
to
Read
in
Lent
,
who
observes
the
same
Method
and
Order
as
the
former
.
Out
of
these
Readers
,
Sergeants
at
Law
are
usually
chosen
.
The
manner
of
Mooting
,
is
thus
:
In
these
Vacations
after
Supper
in
the
Hall
,
the
Reader
with
one
or
two
of
the
Benchers
comes
in
,
to
whom
one
of
the
Vtter-Barristers
propounds
some
doubtful
Case
;
which
being
Argued
by
the
Benchers
,
and
lastly
by
him
that
moved
the
Case
,
the
Benchers
sit
down
on
the
Bench
at
the
upper
end
of
the
Hall
,
(
whence
they
are
called
Benchers
)
and
upon
a
Form
in
th●
Middle
of
the
Hall
sit
two
Vtter-Barristers
:
an●
on
both
sides
of
them
on
the
same
Form
sits
o●●
Inner-Barrister
,
who
doth
in
Law
-
French
,
declar●
to
the
Benchers
(
as
the
Sergeants
do
at
the
Bar
i●
the
KING's
Court
to
the
Judges
)
some
kind
o●
Action
,
the
one
being
(
as
it
were
)
retained
by
th●
Plaintiff
,
and
the
other
for
the
Defendant
.
Whic●
ended
,
the
two
Vtter-Barristers
Argue
such
Questions
as
are
Disputable
within
the
Case
.
Afte●
which
the
Benchers
do
likewise
declare
their
Opinions
,
how
they
take
the
Law
to
be
in
thos●
Questions
.
In
those
Mootings
the
Junior
always
argueth
first●
as
is
used
among
the
Judges
in
the
Exchequer-Chamber
,
and
among
the
Sergeants
in
open
Courts
o●
Judicature
.
The
Inner
and
Vtter-Barrister
Plea●
in
Law
-
French
,
and
the
Benchers
in
English
,
an●
at
the
Readings
,
the
Readers
Cases
are
put
i●
English
.
Mootings
in
the
Inns
in
Chancery
,
are
thus
:
I●
the
Learning
Vacation
,
each
Vtter-Barrister
,
who
is
a
Reader
in
the
Inns
of
Chancery
,
goes
with
two
Students
of
the
same
Inn
of
Court
,
to
the
Inn
o●
Chancery
,
where
he
is
appointed
to
Read
,
and
there
meet
him
Commonly
two
of
each
of
the
other
Inn
:
of
Court
,
who
(
sitting
as
the
Benchers
do
in
the
Inns
of
Court
at
their
Moots
,
)
hear
and
Argue
his
Case
:
in
the
Four
Inns
of
Chancery
,
the
Moots
are
read
by
those
of
Greys-Inn
,
or
Lincolns-Inn
;
in
the
other
Four
,
by
these
of
the
two
Temples
.
In
Term
Time
the
only
Exercises
of
Learning
is
Arguing
and
Debating
Cases
after
Dinner
,
and
Mooting
after
Supper
,
in
the
same
manner
as
in
the
Vacation
time
.
The
time
between
the
Learning
Vacations
and
Terms
,
is
called
the
Mean
Vacation
,
during
which
time
,
every
day
after
Dinner
,
Cases
are
Argued
a●
at
other
times
,
and
after
Supper
Moots
are
brought
in
,
and
Pleaded
by
the
Inner-Barristers
in
the
presence
of
the
Vtter-Barristers
,
which
sit
there
in
the
Room
of
the
Benchers
,
and
Argue
as
they
do
in
Term
Time
and
Learning
Vacation
.
Every
quarter
Commonly
the
Benchers
cause
one
of
the
standing
Officers
of
the
House
to
Summon
a
Parliament
,
which
is
only
an
Assembly
and
Conference
of
Benchers
,
and
Vtter-Barristers
,
which
are
called
the
Sage
Company
,
and
meet
in
a
place
called
the
Parliament-Chamber
,
and
there
Treat
of
such
matters
as
shall
seem
exped●ent
for
the
good
ordering
of
the
House
,
and
the
Reformation
of
such
things
as
they
shall
Judge
meet
to
be
Reformed
.
Here
are
the
Readers
for
Lent
and
Summer
Vacation
Elected
;
also
the
Treasurer
is
here
chosen
,
and
the
Auditors
appointed
to
take
accounts
of
the
old
Treasurer
,
&c.
Here
Offences
Committed
by
any
of
the
Society
are
punished
,
&c.
In
these
Four
Inns
of
Court
,
are
estimated
to
be
about
800
Students
.
SECT.
7.
Of
Bridges
,
Rivers
,
&c.
WE
shall
begin
with
the
Bridge
,
which
for
admirable
Workmanship
,
vastness
of
Foundation
,
for
all
Dimensions
,
for
Solid
Stately
Houses
,
and
Rich
Shops
built
thereon
,
surpasseth
all
others
in
Europe
;
it
hath
Nineteen
Arches
,
besides
the
Draw-bridge
,
Founded
in
a
deep
broad
River
.
It
is
800
Foot
in
Length
,
Sixty
High
,
and
Thirty
Broad
;
it
hath
a
Draw-bridge
almost
in
the
middle
,
and
20
Foot
between
each
Arch.
It
was
about
the
Year
1176
,
begun
to
be
Built
of
Stone
,
and
after
the
Labour
of
33
Years
Finished
,
viz.
Anno
1209.
which
was
a
work
of
exceeding
cost
and
difficulty
,
considering
the
great
flux
and
reflux
of
the
River
in
that
place
,
so
that
it
hath
been
frequently
known
that
at
the
Ebbing
and
Flowing
of
the
water
,
it
falls
with
so
violent
a
Cataract
,
that
it
has
Drown'd
many
that
would
adventure
to
Shoot
through
the
Arches
at
such
times
.
Before
some
part
of
the
Houses
were
burnt
(
for
there
hapned
many
grievous
Fires
there
,
of
which
and
other
Accidents
,
more
hereafter
)
it
lookt
more
like
a
stately
and
Continued
Street
,
than
a
Bridge
.
The
Charges
of
keeping
this
Bridge
in
Repair
are
so
great
,
that
there
is
a
large
House
,
a
vast
Revenue
in
Lands
and
Houses
and
Divers
considerable
Officers
set
apart
for
the
constant
care
and
Repair
thereof
:
The
principal
whereof
are
the
two
Bridge-Masters
,
chosen
out
of
the
Body
of
the
Liveries
upon
Midsummer-day
,
after
the
Sheriffs
and
the
Chamberlain
.
Concerning
this
Bridge
,
and
the
stupendious
site
and
structure
thereof
,
take
the
ingenious
fancy
of
Mr.
James
Howel
,
in
imitation
of
Sannazarius
the
famous
Venetian
Poet
,
who
writ
the
like
about
that
City
and
the
Rialto
,
the
prime
Bridge
there
.
Cum
Londinensem
Neptunus
viderat
Vrbem
Vectus
ibi
propriis
atque
revectus
Aquis
,
Dum
Densam
penetrat
sylvam
,
lucosque
ferentes
Pro
Ramis
funes
,
pro
foliisque
cruces
,
Cum
superimpositum
torrenti
flumine
Pontem
Viderat
,
&
Rapido
ponere
jur
freto
,
Cum
tantos
Muros
,
ferrumina
,
Castra
,
tot
Arcus
Vidit
,
&
haec
tergo
cuncta
jacere
suo
.
Arcus
,
qui
possunt
totidem
formare
Rialtos
Metiri
siquis
summa
vel
ima
Cupit
;
Haec
Deus
undarum
aspiciens
,
fluxusque
retrorsum
Tundere
,
&
horrendos
inde
Boare
sonos
,
Nunc
mihi
quanta
velis
terrae
miracula
pandas
,
Est
primus
Mundi
pons
,
ait
,
iste
Stupor
.
The
same
Paraphas'd
in
English
.
When
Neptune
,
from
his
billows
,
London
spy'd
,
Brought
proudly
thither
by
a
high
Spring-Tide
:
As
through
a
floating
Wood
he
steer'd
along
,
And
moving
Castles
cluster'd
in
a
throng
;
When
he
beheld
a
mighty
Bridge
give
Law
Vnto
his
Surges
and
their
fury
awe
;
When
such
a
shelf
of
Cataracts
did
roar
,
As
if
the
Thames
with
Nile
had
chang'd
her
shoar
;
When
he
such
Massy
Walls
,
such
Towers
did
eye
,
Such
Posts
,
such
Irons
on
his
back
to
lie
:
When
such
vast
Arches
he
observ'd
,
that
might
Nineteen
Rialto's
make
,
for
depth
and
height
:
When
the
Cerulean
God
these
things
survey'd
,
He
shook
his
Trident
,
and
,
astonish'd
,
said
,
Let
the
whole
Earth
now
all
her
Wonders
count
,
This
Bridge
of
Wonders
is
the
Paramount
.
There
was
first
a
Ferry
where
this
Bridge
is
built
,
and
the
Ferry-man
and
his
Wife
Dying
,
his
only
Daughter
,
a
Maid
,
named
Mary
,
with
what
her
Parents
left
her
,
and
the
profits
of
this
Ferry
,
built
a
House
for
Nuns
,
where
the
East
part
of
St.
Mary-Overy's
Church
now
stands
,
and
gave
them
the
oversight
and
profits
of
the
Ferry
.
This
Nunnery
was
afterwards
converted
into
a
Co●lege
of
Priests
,
who
built
the
Bridge
of
Timber
,
but
the
time
when
,
is
uncertain
,
but
mention
is
made
of
it
,
Anno
994.
when
the
Londoners
overthrew
a
part
of
Sweyn
King
of
Denmark's
Army
,
who
besieged
them
;
many
of
the
Danes
being
Drowned
in
the
Thames
,
because
in
their
hasty
flight
they
took
no
heed
of
,
or
could
not
recover
the
Bridge
.
This
Bridge
was
burnt
,
Anno
1136.
It
was
afterwards
new
built
;
but
the
Charges
of
continual
Reparation
being
so
great
,
it
was
by
the
Aid
of
the
Citizens
and
others
built
of
Stone
,
as
beforesaid
,
the
Timber
Bridge
having
been
maintain'd
partly
by
the
proper
Lands
thereof
,
partly
by
Legacies
and
Lib●rality
of
Divers
Persons
,
and
partly
by
Taxations
in
divers
Shires
,
at
least
215
years
before
the
Bridge
of
Stone
was
built
.
And
that
we
may
give
an
Estimate
of
the
Payments
and
Allowances
belonging
to
this
great
Bridge
,
it
is
recorded
that
in
Henry
the
7th's
time
it
amounted
in
one
year
to
above
815
l.
by
which
may
be
guessed
what
improvement
and
increase
it
is
come
to
by
this
time
,
the
prices
of
things
being
so
vastly
altered
.
Besides
this
Bridge
there
are
three
other
curious
Sone-Bridges
over
that
mighty
Chargeable
and
beautiful
work
or
Channel
,
rendring
Navigable
the
Fleet
Brook
,
from
the
River
Thames
to
Holborn-Bridge
,
which
is
100
Foot
Broad
,
on
the
sides
of
which
are
many
huge
Vaults
to
treasure
up
Coals
for
the
use
of
the
poor
,
&c.
About
the
middle
of
this
Channel
stands
Fleet-Bridge
,
being
considerably
advanced
,
though
it
lies
in
a
level
with
Fleet-street
,
and
the
bottom
of
Ludgate-Hill
,
so
that
all
Waggons
,
Coaches
,
Carmen
,
&c.
pass
over
it
,
the
other
two
Bridges
,
viz.
Bridewell-Bridge
,
and
Fleet-laneBridge
are
raised
14
Steps
or
Stairs
above
the
Streets
on
each
side
of
the
said
Channel
,
in
order
to
the
admittance
or
giving
passage
to
all
Lighters
,
Barges
,
Boats
,
Hoys
,
&c.
which
bring
in
plentifully
every
Tide
,
Coals
;
for
which
,
and
other
Goods
brought
,
there
are
certain
Duties
paid
to
the
City
,
which
were
granted
to
the
City
by
an
Act
of
Parliament
.
This
Channel
was
finished
,
Anno
1676.
at
the
Cost
of
above
74000
l.
And
by
the
same
Act
of
Parliament
,
H●lborn-Bridge
,
at
the
North-end
of
this
Channel
,
was
ordered
to
be
enlarged
,
which
is
very
commodiously
done
,
to
the
great
advantage
of
Passengers
.
The●e
were
several
other
inferiour
Bridges
mentioned
by
Stow
and
others
,
but
being
of
no
great
eminency
(
and
can
hardly
now
be
discovered
)
we
pass
them
by
.
Of
Rivers
,
Aqueducts
,
&c.
The
Great
and
famous
River
of
Thames
deserves
precedency
,
not
only
of
all
other
Rivers
in
England
,
but
perhaps
of
the
World
;
because
it
's
breadth
,
depth
,
gentle
strait
and
even
Course
,
extraordinary
wholsome
Water
and
Tides
,
render
it
more
commodious
for
Navigation
,
than
any
other
that
we
read
of
.
The
Sea
Flows
up
this
River
near
fourscore
miles
,
that
is
almost
to
Kingstone
,
12
miles
above
London
by
Land
,
and
20
by
Water
,
bringing
the
greater
Vessels
to
London
,
and
the
smaller
beyond
;
then
against
the
stream
,
Boats
are
drawn
to
Oxford
,
and
higher
many
miles
.
It
is
High
Water
at
this
City
when
the
Moon
comes
to
the
North-East
and
South-West
points
of
Heaven
,
the
one
in
our
Hemisphere
,
and
the
other
in
the
opposite
Hemisphere
.
The
highest
Tides
are
upon
a
Land
Flood
,
the
Wind
Northwest
at
the
Equinoctial
,
and
the
Moon
at
Full
;
When
these
Four
Causes
concur
(
which
is
very
rare
)
the
River
over-flows
its
Banks
in
some
places
,
endamaging
Westminster
in
their
Cellars
.
This
Noble
River
opening
Eastward
towards
Germany
and
France
,
is
much
more
advantageous
for
Traffique
then
any
other
River
of
England
.
There
is
a
variety
of
excellent
Fish
,
especially
incomparable
Salmon
,
and
along
its
Banks
on
either
side
a
fat
and
fruitful
Soyl
,
pleasant
with
Meadows
,
and
innumerable
Palaces
,
and
stately
Buildings
of
the
Nobility
,
Gentry
,
and
great
Citizens
,
that
it
yields
as
beautiful
a
sight
as
can
any
where
be
met
withal
;
Which
may
be
thus
Described
only
from
Windsor
to
London
,
with
a
little
alteration
of
Mr.
Draytons
Lines
.
But
now
this
Flood
upon
his
Voyage
prest
,
(
That
finds
with
strength
his
beauty
still
increast
,
Where
Windsor
stood
on
Tip-toe
to
behold
The
Goodly
Thames
so
far
as
e're
he
could
:
With
Royal
Houses
Crown'd
,
of
stately
pride
,
On
either
Bank
as
he
along
doth
glide
)
With
sweet
Delight
doth
his
long
Course
pursue
,
Doth
Oatlands
,
Hampton-Court
and
Richmond
view
,
Then
Westminster
great
Thames
doth
entertain
,
That
vaunts
her
Palace
and
her
sumptuous
Fane
:
The
Lands
Chief
Seat
,
that
challengeth
for
hers
Kings
Coranations
and
their
Sepulchers
.
Then
goes
along
by
that
more
beautious
Strand
,
That
shews
the
Wealth
and
glory
of
the
Land
▪
(
Such
sumptuous
Seats
within
so
little
space
Th'
all-viewing
Sun
scarce
sees
in
all
his
Race
)
By
London
leads
,
which
like
a
Crescent
lies
,
Whose
Windows
view
with
the
be-spangled
Skies
,
Her
rising
Spires
so
thick
themselves
do
show
,
As
do
the
Reeds
that
on
her
Banks
do
grow
,
There
sees
his
Wharffs
and
People-crowded
Shores
:
His
bosom
spread
with
shoals
of
labouring
Oars
:
With
that
great
Bridge
that
doth
him
most
Renown
,
By
which
he
puts
all
other
Rivers
down
.
This
Noble
River
hath
her
Original
out
of
the
side
of
an
Hill
in
Cotswold
Downs
,
a
little
above
a
Village
called
Winchcomb
,
in
Oxfordshire
,
where
it
was
antiently
called
Isis
,
or
the
Ouse
,
running
to
Oxford
,
and
by
the
way
receiving
many
small
Rivulets
and
Brooks
joyning
at
that
City
with
the
Charwell
,
then
by
Abington
,
Dorchester
,
where
the
River
Thame
and
Isis
joyn
,
from
whence
it
is
called
Tham●sis
,
or
Thames
;
thence
by
Reading
,
Maiden-head
,
Windsor
,
Stanes
,
and
several
other
considerable
Palaces
,
Towns
,
and
stately
Houses
,
to
London
,
and
receives
the
Medway
,
a
considerable
River
that
runs
by
the
City
of
Rochester
,
and
Waters
all
the
Southern
parts
of
Kent
:
The
length
of
it
being
,
at
least
,
if
measured
by
the
Journeys
at
Land
,
180
Miles
,
and
Ebbs
and
Flows
,
as
before
,
near
80
Miles
.
The
Common
difference
betwixt
Tide
and
Tide
is
found
to
consist
of
24
Minutes
,
which
wanteth
but
12
of
a
whole
hour
in
24
,
by
which
they
come
later
than
the
other
.
Mr.
Stow
tells
us
that
in
his
time
(
the
first
Edition
of
his
Survey
being
Printed
above
80
years
ago
)
there
were
2000
Wherries
or
small
Boats
,
whereby
3000
Water-men
got
their
Living
,
their
Gains
being
most
in
Term-time
,
but
now
there
are
a
great
many
more
,
this
River
being
a
Nursery
to
breed
young
Men
sit
for
the
Sea
to
Serve
His
Majesty
,
or
the
Merchants
,
&c.
Besides
these
,
there
is
an
Infinite
Number
of
Wherries
,
Tide-Boats
,
Tilt-Boats
,
Barges
,
Hoys
,
&c.
for
Passengers
,
or
to
bring
necessary
Provision
of
all
sorts
from
all
Quarters
of
Oxfordshire
,
Berkshire
,
Buckinghamshire
,
Bedfordshire
,
Hartfordshire
,
Middlesex
,
Essex
,
Surrey
,
and
Kent
,
unto
the
City
;
but
of
the
Navigation
of
London
,
we
refer
to
the
Chapter
of
Trade
;
and
the
Rates
of
Water-men
to
a
distinct
head
,
to
be
Treated
of
hereafter
.
The
Extent
of
the
Jurisdiction
and
Prerogative
of
the
Lord
Mayor
,
Commonalty
and
Citizens
of
London
on
the
River
Thames
,
&c.
THe
Lord
Mayor
of
LONDON
for
the
time
being
,
and
his
Successors
for
ever
in
that
great
Dignity
,
have
full
Power
and
Authority
over
the
Rivers
of
Thames
and
Medway
,
to
inflict
punishment
upon
all
Transgressors
relating
to
the
said
Rivers
,
the
Water-Bayly
of
London
being
his
Substitute
.
The
Extent
of
this
Jurisdiction
begins
at
a
place
called
Colnie-Ditch
,
a
little
above
Stains-Bridge
Westward
,
as
far
as
London-Bridge
,
and
from
thence
to
a
place
called
Yendall
,
otherwise
Yenland
,
or
Yenleete
,
and
the
Waters
of
Medway
.
This
Authority
and
Jurisdiction
belongs
to
the
Lord
Mayor
,
Commonalty
and
Citizens
of
London
,
by
divers
Grants
,
Charters
,
and
Confirmations
made
by
the
Kings
and
Queens
of
England
,
besides
sundry
Acts
of
Parliament
.
Yet
there
have
been
some
contests
betwixt
the
Lord
Mayor
,
and
the
Lord
High
Admiral
of
England
about
it
,
but
after
a
fair
and
Judicial
Tryal
in
open
Court
,
the
Controversie
was
decided
in
favour
of
the
City
,
and
the
Lord
Mayor
was
adjudged
to
be
Conservator
of
the
Thames
.
There
were
also
some
Controversies
about
the
Rivers
of
Thames
and
Medway
,
but
all
differences
were
absolutely
concluded
,
Anno
1613.
Sir
John
Swinnerton
being
then
Lord
Mayor
,
and
Thomas
Sparry
Esq
being
then
his
Deputy
in
that
Office
.
So
that
the
Lord
Mayor
bears
always
since
(
as
in
former
times
)
the
stile
of
Conservator
of
the
said
River
,
within
the
said
Limits
and
Bounds
.
And
whereas
there
was
a
Company
of
Fishermen
called
Tinckermen
,
that
with
unlawful
Nets
and
other
devices
,
made
an
infinite
destruction
of
the
young
Brood
,
or
Fry
of
Fish
,
to
feed
their
Hogs
;
by
the
singular
care
and
cost
of
the
Lord
Mayor
,
and
vigilance
of
the
Citizens
,
they
were
many
years
ago
supprest
,
and
a
regular
and
orderly
manner
of
Fishing
brought
in
use
,
that
such
a
havock
may
not
be
made
of
the
young
Fry
;
As
also
sundry
other
abuses
by
unlawful
Fishing
,
and
some
annoying
Timbers
in
Tilbury-hope
,
dangerous
to
Passengers
,
and
destructive
to
the
young
Brood
of
Fish
and
Fishermens
Nets
,
were
also
to
general
benefit
reformed
.
Likewise
they
took
care
to
clear
and
cleanse
the
River
Westward
of
about
79
Stops
or
Hatches
,
consisting
of
divers
great
Stakes
and
Piles
,
erected
by
Fishermen
for
their
private
lucre
,
and
standing
ill-favouredly
for
Passengers
near
the
Fair-Deep
;
but
none
now
are
left
,
except
such
as
stand
out
of
the
passable
high
stream
,
that
can
prejudice
none
.
The
like
Course
was
kept
in
the
time
of
Henry
the
4
th
,
and
Henry
the
8
ths
times
.
There
is
also
a
watchful
Eye
that
no
Carrion
nor
Dead
Carkasses
be
thrown
into
the
River
to
pollute
or
infect
the
stream
.
To
all
these
intents
and
purposes
the
Lord
Mayor
and
the
Aldermen
his
Brethren
,
with
the
under
Officers
,
meet
eight
times
a
year
in
the
four
Counties
of
Middlesex
,
Surrey
,
Kent
,
and
Essex
,
and
have
a
Judicial
sitting
for
Maintenance
of
the
Rivers
Rights
and
Priviledges
,
where
they
have
power
to
Impanel
Juries
,
to
make
Inquisition
after
all
Offences
committed
upon
the
River
within
their
Exte●●
,
and
as
the
Verdict
given
by
the
Jury
makes
it
appear
,
so
they
proceed
to
the
punishment
of
the
〈◊〉
sors
according
to
the
quality
of
the
offence
,
whereof
it
may
be
proper
to
give
this
Memorable
Instance
,
as
it
is
Recorded
by
Mr.
Stow
in
his
Survey
,
page
20
,
Printed
Anno
1633.
and
more
briefly
delivered
by
Mr.
Howel
in
his
Londinopolis
,
Printed
Anno
1657.
page
15.
Thus.
Sir
John
Rolls
Knight
,
and
Lord
Mayor
of
the
City
of
London
,
and
Conservator
of
the
River
of
Thames
,
and
Waters
of
Medway
,
assisted
and
accompanied
by
the
Aldermen
and
two
Sheriffs
then
contemporary
,
and
attended
by
the
Recorder
,
and
the
Sub-conservation
,
or
Water-Bayly
,
with
50
Officers
and
Servants
,
took
their
Barges
at
Billings-gate
,
the
third
of
July
,
1616.
and
in
a
few
hours
arrived
at
Graves-end
in
Kent
,
where
a
Session
for
Conservancy
of
the
said
River
was
kept
before
the
said
Lord
Mayor
and
his
said
Assistants
,
at
which
place
and
time
a
Jury
of
the
Free-holders
of
the
said
County
being
sworn
to
inquire
of
all
Offences
committed
in
any
part
of
the
River
whatsoever
,
within
the
said
County
;
The
Common
Sergeant
of
the
City
(
the
Recorder
being
then
absent
upon
extraordinary
occasions
)
Delivered
them
a
Charge
to
this
effect
,
That
for
as
much
as
there
had
not
been
any
Session
of
Conservancy
in
many
years
passed
kept
by
any
Lord
Mayor
of
London
in
that
place
,
it
was
probable
and
evident
they
could
not
be
well
informed
,
neither
of
the
Lord
Mayor's
Jurisdiction
and
power
to
Reform
Annoyances
and
Offences
there
,
and
to
inflict
due
punishments
upon
the
Offendors
;
nor
of
the
Nature
of
the
Service
to
be
by
them
performed
in
the
Course
of
their
Inquiry
;
therefore
he
thought
it
convenient
to
make
both
the
one
and
the
other
known
unto
them
.
Hereupon
he
shewed
them
that
the
Jurisdiction
of
the
Court
of
London
in
the
River
of
Thames
,
from
Stanes
Bridge
Westward
,
unto
the
points
of
the
River
next
unto
the
Sea
Eastward
,
appeared
to
belong
to
the
City
,
in
manner
and
form
following
.
I.
First
in
point
of
Right
by
prescription
,
as
appears
by
an
ancient
Book
called
Dun●horp
,
That
Civitatis
fundationis
,
aedificationis
,
&
constructionis
causa
erat
Thamesis
Fl●v●us
,
quorum
vero
Civitatis
&
fluminis
gubernationem
tam
duces
,
Majores
,
Custodes
,
Vicecomites
,
Aldr.
&
Magnates
Civitatis
Memoratae
hucusque
obtinuerunt
&
habuerunt
.
Whence
he
inferr'd
that
the
Government
of
the
River
hath
,
belonged
to
the
City
time
out
of
mind
.
In
21.
H.
3.
Jorden
Coventry
,
one
of
the
Sheriffs
of
the
City
,
was
sent
by
the
Mayor
and
Aldermen
to
remove
certain
Kiddles
that
Annoyed
the
Rivers
of
Thames
and
Medway
;
who
,
ultra
Yenland
versus
mare
,
did
take
divers
persons
that
were
Offenders
,
and
imprisoned
them
;
Whereupon
complaint
being
made
to
the
King
,
he
took
the
matter
ill
at
the
first
,
and
sent
for
the
Lord
Mayor
and
Citizens
to
Kennington
;
Where
,
upon
hearing
of
the
Matter
before
the
said
King
,
the
Cities
Jurisdiction
over
the
said
River
was
set
forth
and
allowed
,
and
the
Complainants
convinced
,
and
every
one
of
them
Amerced
at
10
l.
and
the
Amercements
adjudged
to
the
City
;
And
afterward
their
Nets
were
burnt
by
Judgment
given
by
the
Lord
Mayor
and
Aldermen
in
the
Hustings
.
1.
R.
2.
Writs
were
directed
to
the
Sheriffs
of
Essex
and
Kent
,
Reciting
the
Cities
Title
,
with
Command
not
to
suffer
the
Citizens
of
London
to
be
molested
contrary
to
the
Liberties
formerly
granted
and
allowed
unto
them
.
II.
Secondly
,
In
point
of
Right
by
Allowance
in
Eire
,
the
Conservation
of
the
Thames
belongs
to
the
City
:
For
it
was
produced
that
1
R.
2.
before
Hugh
Bigot
,
Justice
I●enerant
,
the
Sheriffs
and
Citizens
of
London
were
called
in
Question
for
their
Jurisdiction
exercis'd
on
the
Thames
,
before
whom
it
was
found
,
by
a
Jury
in
Southwark
,
Quod
nullus
habet
aliquid
Juris
in
Thamisia
,
usque
ad
Novum
Gurgitem
nisi
Civis
London
.
In
the
14
,
E.
2.
The
Constable
of
the
Tower
was
Indicted
by
Divers
Wards
of
London
before
the
Justices
in
Eire
at
the
Tower
,
De
muneris
&
recep
.
Cove
,
pro
Kedellis
in
Thamisiis
&
Constabularius
ad
Kidellas
respondet
quod
Justic
.
non
habent
Jurisdictionem
extra
London
,
prolitum
:
inde
cognoscere
cum
praedict.
Kidelli
sunt
in
aliis
Comitatibus
,
&
Justic.
dixerunt
,
aqua
Thamisiae
pertinet
ad
Civitatem
London
,
usque
Mare
,
&
si
velit
respondeat
;
Who
then
Pleaded
,
Not
Guilty
.
III.
He
went
further
,
in
point
of
Right
;
that
this
Jurisdiction
belonged
to
the
City
by
antient
Charters
,
8
R.
1.
that
is
480
and
odd
Years
ago
.
Dominus
Richardus
Rex
,
Filius
Regis
Henrici
secundi
concessit
&
firmiter
praecepit
,
ut
omnes
Kidelli
qui
sunt
in
Thamisia
amoveantur
ubicunque
fuerint
in
Thamisia
;
—
1.
Joh.
Rex
concessit
,
&
firmiter
praecepit
ut
omnes
Kidelli
qui
sunt
in
Thamisia
vel
in
Medway
amoveantur
,
&
ne
caeteri
Kidelli
alicubi
ponantur
in
Thamisia
vel
in
Medway
super
forf
.
10
1.
sterlingorum
.
Then
he
urged
the
Famous
Charter
of
King
Henry
the
III.
which
ran
thus
:
Henry
by
the
Grace
of
God
,
King
of
England
,
Lord
of
Ireland
,
Duke
of
Normandy
,
and
Aquitain
,
and
Earl
of
Anjou
,
unto
all
Archbishops
,
Bishops
,
Abbots
,
Priors
,
Earls
,
Barons
,
Justices
,
Sheriffs
,
Stewards
,
Ministers
,
and
to
all
Bayliffs
and
to
all
his
True
Men
,
Greeting
:
wotteth
well
,
that
we
for
the
health
of
our
Soul
,
and
the
health
of
the
Soul
of
King
John
our
Fader
,
and
the
Souls
of
our
Ancestors
;
and
also
for
the
Common
profit
of
our
City
of
London
,
and
of
all
our
Realms
,
have
Granted
and
stedfastly
Commanded
,
That
all
the
Weares
that
be
in
Thames
or
in
Medway
be
done
away
:
and
that
from
henceforth
no
Weares
be
set
in
Thames
or
Medway
,
upon
the
forfeiture
of
10
1.
Also
we
claim
quit
to
our
Citizens
of
London
,
all
that
,
that
our
Constable
of
our
Tower
of
London
was
wont
to
take
of
the
said
Weares
.
Wherefore
we
will
,
and
stedfastly
Command
,
that
no
Constable
of
the
aforesaid
Tower
at
any
time
from
henceforth
forward
,
any
thing
ask
,
nor
any
Grievance
do
to
any
of
the
same
City
by
E●cheson
of
the
same
Weares
;
it
is
to
us
known
enough
,
and
by
our
true
Men
do
us
to
understand
,
that
most
privacy
and
least
profit
might
fall
unto
the
same
City
,
and
to
the
whole
Realm
by
Enchesen
of
the
same
Weares
;
which
we
make
for
ever
firm
and
stable
unto
the
same
City
,
as
the
Charter
of
our
Lord
King
John
our
Fader
,
which
our
Barons
of
London
thereof
have
reasonably
Witnessed
.
Witnesses
Eustace
of
London
,
Peter
of
Westminster
,
&c.
at
Westminster
the
18th
of
February
,
in
the
Year
of
our
Reign
Eleven
.
Besides
these
he
produced
divers
others
in
this
King
'
s
Reign
to
the
purpose
aforesaid
,
and
the
7th
.
of
E.
III.
IV.
This
Jurisdiction
belongs
to
the
City
of
London
by
Acts
of
Parliament
,
W.
2.
cap.
47.
an
.
13.
No
Salmons
to
be
taken
from
the
Nativity
of
our
Lady
,
unto
St.
Martins
Day
in
all
points
,
nor
none
to
be
taken
in
Mill-Pools
from
the
midst
of
April
,
until
Midsummer
,
under
penalty
for
the
first
Offence
,
of
burning
of
Nets
and
Engines
;
the
second
Offence
,
Imprisonment
for
a
Quarter
of
a
Year
;
the
third
Offence
,
for
a
whole
Year
.
13.
R.
II.
confirms
the
restraint
of
taking
Salmons
in
many
Waters
,
from
the
midst
of
April
,
until
Midsummer
,
upon
the
same
pain
;
nor
within
that
time
to
use
any
Nets
,
called
Stalkers
,
nor
any
other
Engine
,
whereby
the
Fry
may
be
destroyed
.
He
urged
likewise
17
R.
II.
cap.
9.
and
the
11.
H.
VII
.
cap.
15.
1
Eliz.
cap.
17.
Against
Nets
,
Wheeles
,
and
other
Engines
,
for
destroying
the
Fish
,
against
killing
of
Salmon
and
Trouts
out
of
season
,
against
killing
Pike
or
Pickerel
,
not
ten
Inches
long
,
or
Salmon
not
16
Inches
long
,
or
Trout
not
8
Inches
long
,
or
Barbel
12
Inches
and
more
;
nor
to
Fish
with
any
Nets
,
but
such
whereof
every
Meash
or
Mash
shall
be
two
Inches
and
a
half
broad
,
Angling
excepted
.
This
not
to
extend
to
Smelts
,
Roches
,
Minoes
,
Bullhead
,
Gudgeons
,
or
E●les
,
in
place
where
the
same
have
been
used
to
be
taken
,
The
Offender
to
lose
for
every
Offence
.
20
●s
.
and
the
Fish
,
also
the
unlawful
Nets
,
Engines
and
Instruments
.
The
Mayor
of
London
(
Inter
alia
)
hath
full
Power
and
Authority
by
this
Act
to
Inquire
of
all
Offences
Committed
contrary
thereunto
,
by
the
Oaths
of
12
Men
or
more
,
and
to
Hear
and
Determine
all
and
every
the
same
,
and
inflict
Punishments
,
and
impose
Fines
accordingly
.
V.
He
proceeds
to
assert
the
Cities
Right
,
to
the
Conservation
of
the
Thames
,
and
the
Waters
of
Medway
,
by
way
of
Inquisition
,
whereof
there
were
two
,
the
one
taken
at
Raynam
in
Essex
,
the
other
at
Gravesend
in
Kent
,
before
Sir
William
Cambridge
Grocer
.
then
Lord
Mayor
of
London
,
9
Henry
V.
where
it
was
presented
,
that
whereas
by
the
antient
Ordinances
of
London
,
the
Meshes
of
Nets
should
be
two
Inches
in
the
fore
part
,
and
one
Inch
in
the
hinder
part
,
and
it
being
found
that
the
Offences
according
to
the
said
Inquisitions
,
are
Contra
libertates
&
consuetudines
Civitatis
,
it
was
adjudged
that
the
Nets
should
be
burnt
,
according
to
the
antient
Custom
in
that
behalf
provided
.
VI.
He
goes
on
after
to
prove
that
this
Right
belongs
to
the
City
by
Decrees
.
In
8
Henry
IV.
the
Mayor
and
Aldermen
did
exhibit
their
humble
Petition
to
the
King's
Councel
,
reciting
,
that
(
time
out
of
mind
)
they
had
the
Conservation
and
Correction
of
the
River
of
Thames
,
of
all
Trincks
,
Nets
,
and
other
Engines
whatsoever
,
in
the
River
of
Thames
and
Medway
placed
,
and
have
used
to
make
a
Sub-Conservator
under
them
:
and
complaining
that
Alexander
Bonner
then
Sub-Conservator
,
having
discharged
his
Duty
in
removing
Kiddles
,
he
was
ill
intreated
by
the
owners
,
dwelling
in
Erith
,
Bratriferry
,
Barking
,
Woolwich
,
and
other
places
in
the
Counties
of
Kent
and
Essex
:
and
upon
hearing
of
the
matter
in
Camera
Stellata
,
they
were
found
Guilty
,
and
Constrained
to
submit
themselves
to
the
Lord
Mayor
,
and
ordered
to
bring
always
their
Nets
unto
him
,
before
they
should
use
them
,
and
that
the
Kiddles
then
taken
should
be
at
the
disposition
of
the
Lord
Mayor
:
so
the
Offenders
made
their
submission
accordingly
.
VII
.
He
proceeds
;
This
Right
appertains
to
the
City
of
London
,
by
Letters
Patents
,
which
he
proved
by
a
Grant
made
by
Edward
IV.
to
the
Earl
of
Pembroke
,
for
setting
up
a
Wear
in
the
River
of
Thames
:
which
Grant
was
Revoked
,
and
Cancelled
at
the
Request
of
the
Lord
Mayor
and
Aldermen
,
upon
shewing
their
Right
,
therefore
alleaged
it
was
contrary
to
their
antient
Liberties
.
At
which
time
the
Cities
Title
to
the
Conservancy
of
the
Thames
and
Medway
was
at
large
set
forth
,
and
recited
to
have
been
shewn
to
the
Lord
Chancellor
,
and
to
the
said
Earl
and
his
Counsel
,
which
accordingly
was
also
read
.
VIII
.
He
reinforceth
the
Right
of
the
City
by
Proclamations
,
whereof
one
was
made
by
H.
VIII
.
in
the
34
of
His
Reign
,
wherein
it
is
affirmed
,
that
the
Lord
Mayor
and
his
Predecessors
,
have
had
by
divers
Grants
of
the
Kings
of
England
,
and
by
Acts
of
Parliaments
enjoyed
always
the
Conservacy
of
the
Thames
without
Impediments
or
Interruption
:
By
which
Proclamation
it
was
Commanded
that
none
should
resist
,
deny
,
or
impugne
the
Lord
Mayor
or
his
Deputy
in
doing
or
executing
any
thing
that
might
conduce
to
the
Conservacy
of
the
River
,
and
of
the
Fish
and
Fry
within
the
same
.
IX
.
He
produceth
Report
,
for
in
a
Controversie
betwixt
the
Lord
Admiral
,
and
the
Lord
Mayor
,
for
the
Measuring
of
Coals
and
other
things
upon
the
Thames
,
it
then
fell
into
Debate
,
to
whom
the
Conservacy
of
the
Thames
did
belong
,
which
cause
was
referred
by
Queen
ELIZABETH's
Councel
of
State
,
1597
,
to
the
Attorney-General
,
and
Solicitor
,
who
joyntly
Certified
amongst
other
things
,
that
the
Conservancy
and
care
of
the
said
River
,
did
,
and
ought
,
to
belong
to
the
City
of
London
.
X.
By
quo
Warranto
it
was
proved
that
the
Conservacy
of
the
Thames
,
belongs
to
the
City
:
for
3
Jac.
a
quo
Warranto
was
brought
against
the
City
in
the
Exchequer
,
to
know
by
what
Title
She
claimed
the
Conservacy
of
the
River
of
Thames
,
and
the
Waters
of
Medway
;
whereupon
the
City
made
Her
Title
Good
thereunto
,
by
antient
prescription
,
and
otherwise
:
so
Judgment
was
given
in
Her
Favour
.
XI
.
He
goes
on
afterwards
to
confirm
the
Right
of
the
City
,
by
Proof
of
Vsage
,
in
regard
the
Lord
Mayor
and
Aldermen
have
time
out
of
mind
made
Ordinances
,
concerning
the
Good
Government
of
the
River
of
Thames
,
as
well
for
the
Seasons
and
Manner
of
Fishing
beneath
London-bridge
Eastward
,
upon
pain
of
certain
Penalties
,
as
appears
from
time
to
time
,
from
the
Reign
of
Henry
III.
and
so
downward
.
The
Lord
Mayor
hath
removed
Kiddles
,
Wears
,
Trinks
,
and
other
unlawful
Engines
,
and
reformed
the
disorders
of
such
as
have
offended
besides
in
the
River
of
Thames
,
and
inflicted
punishment
upon
Offenders
accordingly
.
The
Right
of
the
City
appears
also
by
the
Writs
,
and
Preceps
under
the
Teste
of
the
Lord
Mayor
,
to
the
Sheriffs
of
Kent
and
Essex
,
for
the
Returning
of
Juries
before
him
,
to
inquire
of
Offences
done
in
the
River
.
The
same
Right
of
the
City
appears
also
by
Commissions
,
whereof
divers
have
been
directed
to
the
Lord
Mayor
,
to
put
in
Execution
the
,
Acts
of
Parliament
,
made
for
Conservance
of
the
Thames
and
Medway
,
and
to
inquire
of
all
Offences
made
,
or
done
in
the
said
Waters
,
and
to
punish
the
Deliaquents
accordingly
.
Lastly
,
He
makes
good
the
Right
and
Title
of
the
City
,
by
the
Continual
Claim
She
has
made
thereunto
,
as
appears
in
those
various
Contests
She
had
with
the
Lord
Admiral
of
England
,
wherein
after
divers
Debates
and
Disputes
,
She
still
came
off
well
,
and
made
Her
Title
good
.
Which
moved
King
Jamts
in
the
third
Year
of
His
Reign
,
to
put
a
Final
Determination
to
the
Business
,
by
the
Letters
Patents
he
passed
unto
the
City
,
wherein
he
saith
,
That
ad
omnem
Controversiam
in
hac
parte
Temporibus
,
tam
presentibus
quam
futuris
tollendam
,
&
omne
Dubium
amo
vendam
;
that
to
cut
off
all
Controversies
,
as
well
of
the
present
times
,
as
of
Future
,
and
to
remove
all
Doubts
,
he
did
Confirm
and
Ratifie
the
said
Right
unto
the
City
of
London
,
&c.
I.
This
Office
of
Conservator
of
so
Noble
a
River
,
is
of
great
Extent
,
for
he
is
to
preserve
the
Currency
of
the
stream
,
on
the
Banks
on
both
sides
.
II.
To
preserve
the
Fish
and
Fry
within
the
same
,
that
no
Fishermen
use
unlawful
Nets
or
Engines
,
or
fish
at
Prohibited
Seasons
.
III.
To
hinder
the
erection
of
any
Weares
,
Kiddles
,
or
Engines
,
and
the
knocking
in
of
any
Posts
,
Piles
,
or
Stake
.
,
which
may
in
any
sort
hinder
the
Stream
,
or
Navigation
;
and
to
pull
them
up
,
if
already
done
,
and
punish
the
Offenders
:
also
to
prevent
all
incroachments
upon
the
Rivers
,
and
the
Banks
thereof
:
likewise
to
inquire
of
all
Bridges
,
Flood-Gates
,
Mill-dams
,
and
such
like
Annoyances
;
and
whether
any
do
hurl
in
any
Soyl
,
Dust
,
or
Rubbish
,
or
other
Filth
whatsoever
to
choak
her
.
But
for
the
strength
and
safety
of
the
River
against
the
Invasion
of
an
Enemy
,
by
Block-Houses
,
Forts
,
Bastions
,
or
Castles
,
and
the
securing
of
the
Merchant
and
Navigation
to
and
fro
,
that
Charge
belongs
to
the
Soveraign
Prince
.
The
former
Charge
,
Care
,
and
Circumspection
belongs
properly
to
the
City
of
London
,
which
is
Seated
in
a
fit
place
to
be
watchful
over
her
,
for
which
Vigilance
,
the
Thames
Rewards
the
City
abundantly
,
by
bringing
her
in
the
Spices
of
the
South
,
the
Jewels
of
the
East
,
and
the
Treasures
of
the
West
,
yea
a
considerable
share
of
the
richest
Merchandizes
of
the
World
,
&c.
so
that
this
Famous
River
may
be
said
,
to
be
(
as
it
were
)
the
Radical
Moysture
of
London
,
and
its
best
Friend
;
which
was
hinted
by
the
Lord
Mayor
to
King
James
;
for
the
King
being
displeased
,
because
the
City
would
not
lend
Him
a
Sum
of
Money
,
told
the
Mayor
and
Aldermen
,
that
he
would
Remove
His
Court
with
all
the
Records
of
the
Tower
,
and
the
Courts
of
Westminster-Hall
,
to
another
place
,
with
further
expressions
of
that
kind
.
The
Lord
Mayor
calmly
heard
all
,
and
at
last
Answered
,
Your
Majesty
hath
Power
to
do
what
You
Please
,
and
Your
City
of
London
will
obey
accordingly
;
but
She
humbly
Desires
,
that
when
Your
Majesty
shall
remove
Your
Courts
,
You
would
please
to
leave
the
Thames
behind
You.
Besides
the
inestimable
Benefit
that
this
Noble
River
brings
to
the
City
,
and
the
Adjacent
places
,
by
the
easie
conveyance
of
all
Sorts
of
Goods
and
Merchandizes
,
almost
all
the
Fuel
for
Firing
being
also
brought
by
it
from
Newcastle
,
Scotland
,
Kent
,
Essex
,
&c.
It
supplies
the
City
in
very
many
places
with
excellent
wholsom
Water
,
convey'd
into
all
the
Adjacent
Houses
by
Water
Engines
,
of
great
cost
and
Artifice
.
So
much
for
the
Thames
.
The
City
of
London
is
supply'd
with
pure
Spring-Water
,
from
above
Twenty
Conduits
,
so
Commodiously
placed
,
that
they
serve
all
the
Chiefest
parts
of
the
City
.
And
in
all
parts
,
though
on
the
highest
Ground
,
It
is
abundantly
Served
with
Pump
Water
,
and
those
Pumps
in
many
places
hardly
.
Six
Foot
deep
in
the
Ground
.
Of
the
New-River
.
This
Famous
and
never-to-be-forgotten
Work
brought
by
the
Liberal
Charge
and
Exquisite
Skill
of
one
Worthy
Man
,
Sir
Hugh
Middleton
,
Knight
and
Baronet
,
Citizen
and
Goldsmith
of
London
,
deserves
an
everlasting
Memorial
.
Several
Wells
and
Springs
of
sweet
and
fresh
Water
with
which
the
City
was
served
,
being
Decayed
,
sundry
Projects
were
on
Foot
to
supply
that
want
;
but
this
Principal
Device
was
found
out
by
the
aforesaid
Gentleman
,
and
the
Difficulties
and
vast
Expence
made
it
for
some
time
to
be
retarded
,
but
Courage
and
a
Resolution
to
promote
the
Publick
Good
,
prompted
him
on
to
the
Atchievment
,
which
since
hath
proved
happily
Commodious
,
and
of
infinite
Utility
to
the
whole
City
,
so
that
the
brave
Adventurer
deserves
a
Statue
to
Eternize
his
Name
,
and
Transmit
his
Memory
,
to
keep
it
Fresh
(
like
his
Waters
)
to
future
Ages
.
Now
as
Mr.
Stow
speaks
very
ingeniously
,
if
those
Enemies
to
all
Good
Actions
,
Danger
Difficulty
,
Detraction
,
Contempt
,
Scorn
,
and
Envy
,
could
have
prevailed
by
their
Malevolent
Interposition
,
either
before
,
at
the
beginning
,
and
in
the
very
Birth
of
the
Attempt
,
and
a
good
while
after
,
this
work
had
never
been
accomplished
.
Queen
Elizabeth
granted
Power
to
the
Citizens
by
Act
of
Parliament
,
for
Cutting
and
Conveying
of
a
River
,
from
any
part
of
Middlesex
or
Hartfordshire
to
the
City
of
London
,
with
a
Limitation
of
ten
Years
time
,
for
the
performance
thereof
.
But
She
dyed
before
it
was
undertaken
.
King
James
Granted
the
like
,
but
without
limitation
of
time
.
And
when
others
would
not
undertake
it
,
Sir
Hugh
Middleton
did
,
with
infinite
Pains
and
vast
Charge
,
both
begin
and
finish
it
.
He
brought
it
from
Amuel
and
Chadwel
,
two
Springs
near
Ware
in
Hartfordshire
,
from
whence
,
in
a
turning
and
winding
Course
,
it
Runs
threescore
Miles
before
it
reaches
the
City
.
At
the
North-side
of
the
City
at
Islington
,
he
built
a
large
Cistern
to
receive
it
,
and
from
thence
it
is
dispersed
in
Pipes
,
serving
the
highest
parts
of
London
in
their
lower
Rooms
,
and
the
Lower
parts
in
their
higher
Rooms
.
It
was
begun
the
28
th
of
February
,
Anno
Dom.
1608
,
and
finished
in
five
Years
.
It
can
hardly
be
imagined
what
difficulties
and
rubs
there
were
in
the
way
,
through
which
the
Water
was
to
pass
,
some
being
Ozie
,
Soft
,
and
Muddy
;
other
again
as
Hard
,
Craggy
,
and
St●ny
;
in
some
places
the
Channel
is
Thirty
Foot
deep
;
in
other
places
it
is
carried
over
Valleys
in
open
Troughs
betwixt
Hills
,
which
Troughs
are
supported
by
Wooden
Arches
,
some
of
them
fixt
in
the
Earth
very
deep
,
and
rising
in
Height
above
23
Foot
.
Over
this
New-River
are
made
800
Bridgs
,
some
of
Stone
,
some
of
Brick
,
and
some
of
Wood
,
and
six
hundred
Men
have
been
at
once
imployed
in
this
Great
Work
.
The
River
being
brought
to
the
said
Great
Cistern
,
the
Water
was
not
let
in
till
Michaelmas
Day
,
Anno
1613.
Sir
John
Swinnerton
,
then
Lord
Mayor
,
and
Sir
Thomas
Middleton
,
Brother
to
the
said
Sir
Hugh
,
being
Elected
Lord
Mayor
for
the
Ensuing
Year
.
In
the
Afternoon
,
Sir
John
Swinnerton
,
and
Sir
Thomas
Middleton
,
with
Sir
Henry
Mountague
,
the
Recorder
of
London
,
and
many
of
the
Worthy
Aldermen
,
Rode
in
a
Solemn
manner
to
see
the
Great
Cistern
,
and
first
Issuing
of
the
strange
River
thereunto
,
which
was
then
made
Free
Denizen
of
London
;
and
the
Solemnity
was
thus
:
A
Troop
of
Labourers
of
the
Number
of
Sixty
or
more
,
well
Apparrelled
,
and
wearing
Green
Monmoth
Caps
,
after
the
Brittish
manner
,
all
alike
,
carried
Spades
,
Shovels
,
Pickaxes
,
and
such
like
Instruments
of
Laborious
Employment
,
and
marching
after
Drums
twice
or
thrice
about
the
Cistern
,
presented
themselves
before
the
Mount
,
where
the
Lord
Mayor
and
the
Aldermen
were
(
with
a
Worthy
Company
besides
,
)
and
one
Man
in
the
behalf
of
the
rest
,
delivered
a
handsom
Speech
in
Verse
;
at
the
Conclusion
of
which
,
the
Flood-Gates
flew
open
,
and
the
Stream
ran
Cheerfully
into
the
Cistern
,
the
Drums
Beating
,
and
Trumpets
Sounding
in
Triumphant
manner
,
and
a
Gallant
Peal
of
Chambers
gave
a
Period
to
the
Entertainment
.
Upon
which
brave
Man
,
these
Lines
were
made
.
Ad
Hugonem
Middleton
Equitem
Aurat
um
,
De
stupenda
hac
aquarum
opera
.
Compita
qui
fluvium
per
Londinensia
Duxti
,
Vt
jam
quisque
suis
vicus
abundet
aquis
,
Non
Aganippe
tuas
satis
est
depromere
laudes
,
Haec
scaturigo
novae
quam
tibi
fundit
aquae
.
Before
we
leave
this
Head
,
although
it
is
no●
necessary
to
give
a
particular
Account
of
every
Conduit
,
whereof
there
are
many
in
and
about
the
City
(
as
was
said
,
)
and
one
now
a
Rearing
in
the
place
of
the
Old
Conduit
,
at
the
West
end
of
Cheap●
side
,
which
is
intended
to
be
a
Stately
one
,
and
beseeming
the
Magnificence
of
the
City
,
and
that
Gallant
Street
where
it
is
to
be
Erected
,
&c.
Ye●
that
neatly-wrought
Conduit
in
Stocks-Market
,
a●
the
West
end
of
Lumbard-street
,
is
not
to
be
omitted
,
whereupon
is
placed
a
very
Magnificent
Statue
of
KING
CHARLES
the
II.
on
Horseback
,
Trampling
upon
an
Enemy
,
all
in
Excellent
White-Marble
,
at
the
Sole
Cost
and
Charges
of
Sir
Robert
Viner
,
who
was
Lord
Mayor
of
London
,
in
the
Year
1675.
There
is
likewise
a
very
Magnificent
Statue
of
King
CHARLES
the
I.
on
Horse-back
,
all
of●
Solid
Brass
,
at
Charing-Cross
;
the
Figures
of
both
which
are
here
Exhibited
.
THE
K.
AT
THE
STOCKs
MARKET
THE
K.
AT
CHARING
CROSs
.