AN
EXACT
ABRIDGEMENT
OF
THE
General
History
OF
THE
WORLD
.
The
First
Age.
THE
Creation
as
it
is
Written
by
Genesis
.
Of
the
World
,
1.
before
Christ
,
4004.
The
Double
Generation
of
the
Children
of
Adam
.
The
first
was
of
Cain
who
killed
his
Brother
The
Posterity
of
Cain
.
Abel
,
after
which
all
the
impious
Posterity
of
the
Murtherer
was
extinct
in
the
Deluge
.
The
second
Generation
was
of
Seth
,
and
That
of
Seth.
descends
to
Noah
,
and
from
him
directly
to
the
Messias
.
The
Second
Age.
IT
began
at
the
end
of
the
Deluge
.
Of
the
World
,
1657.
before
Christ
,
2347.
The
Collonies
of
the
Three
Sons
of
The
Collonies
of
Japhet
.
Noah
,
Sem
,
Ham
,
and
Japhet
;
the
Off-spring
of
Japhet
peopled
the
Northern
parts
of
Asia
,
and
the
principal
parts
of
Europe
.
Ham
with
his
Off-spring
peopled
some
The
Posterity
of
Sem
peopled
Mesopotamia
,
The
Collonies
of
Sem.
Babylon
,
Arabia
,
Persia
,
and
India
.
The
Generation
directly
coming
to
the
Messias
,
is
perpetuated
from
Sem
to
Abraham
.
In
the
time
of
Peleg
,
Mankind
was
dispersed
Of
the
World
,
1771.
before
Christ
,
2233.
Soon
after
Nimrod
establisht
the
first
Of
the
World
,
1772.
before
Christ
,
2232.
Much
about
that
time
,
Assur
the
Son
of
The
Establishment
of
the
Kingdom
was
The
Monarchy
of
Aegypt
.
by
Misraim
the
Son
of
Ham.
Of
the
World
,
1816.
before
Christ
,
2188.
The
Chineses
reckon
the
setting
up
of
Fohi
.
Of
the
World
,
1850.
before
Christ
,
2154.
The
Kingdom
of
Sycione
in
the
Peloponese
,
Aegialeus
.
Of
the
World
,
1915.
before
Ch
,
2079.
The
Arabians
made
themselves
masters
Pastoral
Kings
of
Aegypt
.
of
Aegypt
,
under
those
Kings
called
Pastoral
Kings
.
Of
the
World
,
1920.
before
Christ
,
2084.
Noah
Died
Aged
950
Years
.
Of
the
The
Death
of
Noah
.
Word
,
2006.
before
Christ
,
1998.
The
Birth
of
Abraham
.
Of
the
World
,
2008.
before
Christ
,
1996.
The
Third
Age
BEgins
from
the
calling
of
Abraham
.
The
Collony
of
Abraham
.
Of
the
World
,
2803.
before
Ch.
1921.
which
he
obeyed
,
and
came
first
from
Hur
,
in
Caldea
to
Caram
in
Mesopotamia
,
where
his
Father
there
Dying
,
he
past
into
Canaan
.
Of
the
World
,
2018.
before
Ch.
1896.
What
happened
to
him
till
the
Birth
of
Isaac
for
the
space
of
25
Years
,
is
contained
in
the
Book
of
Genesis
.
Sem
Dyed
502
Years
after
the
Deluge
.
The
Death
of
Sem.
The
Kingdom
of
Argos
.
Of
the
World
,
2158.
before
Christ
,
1846.
The
Establishment
of
the
Kingdom
of
the
Argives
,
under
Inachus
.
Of
the
World
,
2168.
before
Christ
,
1836.
The
Birth
of
Esau
,
and
Jacob
,
the
Sons
The
Birth
of
Esau
and
Jacob.
of
Isaac
and
Rebecca
.
Thomosis
King
of
Aegypt
of
the
Ancient
Dynasty
,
descended
from
High
Aegypt
to
the
Tower
,
who
drove
out
Jannias
,
the
last
of
Arabian
Kings
,
called
Pastors
.
These
Arabs
to
the
Number
of
Two
Hundred
Forty
Thousand
,
past
into
Palestine
,
and
The
Foundation
of
Jerusalem
there
founded
Jerusalem
.
Of
the
World
,
2179.
before
Christ
,
1825
,
Abraham
died
after
the
Death
of
Sarah
,
The
Death
of
Abraham
.
he
had
by
Ketura
,
Madan
and
Madean
,
the
Fathers
of
the
Madeanites
.
Of
the
World
,
2187.
before
Ch.
1817.
Heber
died
the
Eldest
of
the
Patriarchs
,
And
of
Heber
.
Born
after
the
Deluge
:
In
his
Family
he
preserved
the
primitive
Language
,
which
from
his
Name
was
called
Hebrew
.
A
Deluge
happened
in
the
time
of
Ogiges
,
The
Deluge
of
Ogiges
and
of
Deucalion
King
of
Thebes
,
which
occasioned
the
Fable
of
Deucalion
,
and
Pyrrah
.
Their
Son
Hellenus
gave
the
Name
to
that
Country
,
afterwards
called
Greece
,
from
the
Name
of
Graecus
,
who
descended
from
Hellenus
.
Kings
of
Babylon
.
Evecous
their
first
King
.
The
Chaldeans
possest
themselves
of
the
Kingdom
▪
of
Babylon
,
under
their
first
King
Evecous
.
Of
the
World
,
2242.
before
Christ
,
1762.
Jacob's
flying
into
Mesopotamia
,
his
Marriage
,
The
History
of
Jacob.
and
his
Children
are
Recorded
in
the
Book
of
Genesis
.
Of
the
World
,
2259.
before
Christ
,
1745.
His
return
into
Canaan
is
there
also
mentioned
,
and
what
is
related
of
Esau
his
Brother
,
otherwise
called
Edom
,
who
gave
the
name
to
Edomia
,
or
Idumea
;
from
his
Grand-son
Amalee
,
came
the
Amalakites
.
Of
the
World
,
2261.
before
Ch.
1743.
The
selling
of
Joseph
into
Aegypt
,
and
That
of
Joseph
.
the
sequel
of
his
History
is
in
the
Book
of
Genesis
.
As
also
the
Arrival
of
Jacob
his
Father
into
that
Country
.
Of
the
World
,
2299.
before
Ch.
1705.
The
Kings
who
had
Reigned
in
Aegypt
,
The
Kings
of
Aegypt
.
after
Thomesis
,
who
drove
out
the
Arabs
,
are
these
following
.
Hebron
,
Amenophis
,
the
First
;
his
Sister
Arnessis
,
Mephres
,
and
Mephra
Mutesis
:
It
was
to
him
Joseph
interpreted
the
Dreams
,
and
who
entertained
Jacob.
This
Patriarch
died
under
The
Death
of
Jacob.
The
Death
of
Joseph
.
Tomesis
the
second
;
afterwards
Joseph
continued
to
Govern
under
Orus
,
in
whose
Reign
he
Dyed
.
Of
the
World
,
2305.
before
Christ
,
1689.
The
Successors
of
Orus
are
these
who
Ratotis
,
Achancheres
,
Armais
and
Ramesses
the
first
;
Ramesses
the
second
,
he
began
to
oppose
the
Israelites
,
and
his
Son
continued
it
,
he
was
called
Amenophes
the
Third
.
Of
the
World
,
2369.
before
▪
Ch.
1635.
The
Birth
of
Aaron
and
Moses
.
Cecrops
K
〈…〉
of
Athens
.
The
Birth
of
Aaron
and
Moses
.
Of
the
World
,
2430.
before
Ch.
1574
Cecrops
brought
a
Collony
from
Aegypt
into
Greece
,
and
there
founded
the
City
of
Athens
,
of
which
he
was
the
first
King
.
Of
the
World
,
2467.
before
Ch.
1537.
The
Arabians
became
Masters
of
Babilon
,
Of
the
World
,
2494.
before
Ch.
1510.
Amenophis
the
third
continued
to
persecute
the
Israelites
,
but
God
delivered
them
by
the
hand
of
Moses
,
as
it
is
Related
in
the
Book
of
Exodus
.
Of
the
World
,
2513.
before
Ch.
1491.
The
Fourth
Age.
THat
which
passed
in
the
Wilderness
,
is
fully
described
▪
in
the
Book
of
Moses
.
As
to
profane
History
,
that
remarks
the
conquests
of
Sesostris
,
the
Son
The
Conquests
of
Sesostris
,
or
Aegiptus
.
of
Amenophis
the
Third
,
who
past
thro'
Arabia
into
Persia
,
and
went
even
to
India
,
where
he
past
over
Caucasus
,
and
entred
into
Scythia
,
and
arrived
at
Thrace
,
and
so
passing
the
Bosphorus
,
travelled
through
Asia
the
lesser
and
Syria
,
and
came
back
into
his
Kingdom
at
the
end
of
Nine
Years
,
which
he
had
spent
to
make
himself
master
of
those
Countrys
which
have
been
named
.
Besides
the
name
of
Sesostris
,
he
had
that
of
Egiphes
,
whence
his
Kingdom
took
afterwards
its
Name
.
He
had
a
Brother
called
Armais
,
whom
at
his
Return
,
he
drove
out
of
Aegypt
,
because
he
had
broke
the
Orders
given
him
to
observe
in
his
Brothers
Absence
.
It
was
this
Armais
,
whom
the
Greeks
called
Danaus
,
Danaids
.
Of
the
World
,
2522.
before
Ch.
1482.
Busiris
the
Brother
of
Amenophis
the
Of
the
World
,
2530.
before
Ch.
1474.
At
this
time
lived
Hermes
Tresmigestus
,
the
most
famous
Phylosopher
,
and
one
of
Sesostris
his
Privy
Councellors
.
Agenor
the
Son
of
Belus
the
Aegyptian
,
past
from
the
upper
part
of
Aegypt
into
that
part
of
Palestine
,
which
from
the
name
of
Phaenix
,
his
Son
was
called
Phaenicia
.
Caelicia
;
Cadmus
the
third
having
Of
the
World
,
2549.
before
Ch
1455.
The
Death
of
Aaron
and
Moses
.
The
death
of
Aaron
and
Moses
was
a
Year
after
.
Of
the
World
,
2552.
before
Ch.
1452
Joshua
brought
the
Israelites
into
the
past
the
Jordan
.
Land
of
Promise
,
where
Manna
failing
,
they
began
to
Eat
of
the
Fruits
of
the
Earth
:
The
first
Year
after
the
sixth
,
from
Of
the
World
,
2560.
before
Ch.
1444
The
Death
of
Joshua
.
Joshua
dies
after
he
had
judged
the
People
26
Years
.
Of
the
World
,
2591.
bef
.
Ch.
1413.
Othoniel
the
Brother
of
Caleb
Judged
.
Of
the
World
,
2599.
before
Ch.
1405.
The
Judges
of
Israel
.
Israel
.
Of
the
World
,
2659.
before
Ch.
1345.
after
him
Ehud
,
to
whom
Samgar
succeeded
.
Of
the
World
,
2679.
before
Ch.
1325.
Belus
King
of
Assyria
,
of
the
race
of
Assur
,
drove
the
Arabs
out
of
Babylon
,
and
united
the
two
Kingdoms
.
Of
the
World
,
2682.
before
Christ
,
1322.
Deborah
judged
Israel
with
Baruc.
Of
the
World
,
2719.
before
Christ
,
1245.
The
City
of
Niniveh
.
Ninus
the
Sonnet
and
Successor
of
Belus
,
gave
the
Name
to
the
City
Niniveh
,
which
was
Built
by
Assur
in
the
time
of
Nimrod
.
Of
the
World
,
2737.
before
Ch.
1267.
This
Ninus
conquered
all
the
Country
between
Tygris
and
India
;
among
the
Kings
whom
he
subdu'd
was
the
famous
Bactrians
.
Of
the
World
,
2781.
before
Ch.
1223.
Gideon
judged
Israel
,
his
Son
Abimelec
The
Judge
of
Israel
.
usurpt
the
Title
of
King
which
his
Father
had
refused
.
Ninus
gave
to
his
second
Son
Argon
the
King
of
Lydia
.
Kingdom
of
Lydia
,
which
he
had
conquered
from
the
Descendants
of
Atys
Son
of
Hercules
.
After
the
Death
of
Ninus
,
Semeramis
Tholac
and
Jair
govern'd
Israel
successively
;
Judges
of
Israel
.
then
Jephta
whose
History
the
Scripture
fully
relates
in
the
11th
.
and
12th
.
Chapters
of
Judges
.
The
taking
of
Troy
by
the
Greeks
.
The
The
Siege
of
Troy
.
Kings
of
that
place
were
Dardanus
,
the
Son
of
Jupiter
and
Electra
,
the
Daughter
of
Atlas
;
then
Erictonius
,
Tros
,
Ilus
,
with
Asaracus
.
Ilus
by
the
Daughter
of
Teucer
,
Son
of
Scamander
King
of
Creet
,
had
Laomedon
.
Asaracus
was
Father
to
Capis
and
Tyton
;
Laomedon
Father
of
Priamus
;
Priamus
Father
to
Hector
and
Paris
;
and
Cassys
Father
to
Anchyses
;
Anchyses
Father
to
Eneas
,
Tyton
Father
to
Memnon
.
The
chief
of
the
Greeks
who
were
present
The
chief
of
the
Greeks
at
the
Seige
of
Troy
.
at
the
War
,
were
Agamemnon
,
and
Menelaus
,
Brothers
and
Sons
of
Atreus
:
The
first
was
King
of
Argos
,
and
Missena
:
The
second
of
Spanea
,
Thiestes
their
Grandfather
.
Pelops
who
was
Son
of
Tantalus
,
and
of
Hippodamia
,
the
Daughter
of
Enomaus
King
of
Peloponesus
.
Ulisses
Husband
to
Penelope
,
and
King
of
Ithaca
.
Achilles
the
Son
of
Peleus
and
Thetis
..
Peleus
Son
of
Jachus
King
of
Aegina
.
Patroclus
Kinsman
and
Friend
to
Achilles
,
both
of
them
Pupils
to
Chyron
,
the
two
Ajaxes
;
the
first
,
the
Son
of
Telamon
King
of
Salamis
,
the
other
of
Oclus
King
of
Locris
.
Diomedes
King
of
Aetolia
,
Palamedes
King
of
Eubaea
,
Hercules
,
Castor
and
Pollux
,
Brothers
of
Hellena
born
of
Jupiter
and
Leda
.
Orpheus
and
the
young
Hylas
Friend
of
Hercules
;
Jason
Prince
of
the
Argonauts
,
Thessaly
.
Jason
was
Husband
to
Medea
,
who
afterwards
married
Aegeus
King
of
Athens
,
Father
of
Theseus
,
who
by
the
help
of
Ariadne
killed
the
Minotaure
,
she
was
Daughter
to
Minos
King
of
Creet
,
Husband
of
Pasiphae
.
This
Minos
was
renowned
for
Justice
,
as
well
as
Aeacus
and
Radamanthus
,
Pyrithous
the
Son
of
Ixicon
,
Ninias
the
Son
of
Ninus
and
of
Seme●amis
,
Babylon
.
Of
the
World
,
2824.
before
Ch.
1180.
Ilsam
,
Helon
and
Habdon
judged
Israel
The
Judges
of
Israel
.
successively
.
Of
the
World
,
2826.
before
Christ
.
1178.
Then
Ely
the
High
Priest
.
In
the
20th
.
Year
of
his
Government
Gamson
was
Born
,
whose
History
is
related
Judges
.
Of
the
World
,
2868.
before
Ch.
1136.
The
four
first
Chapters
of
the
first
Book
of
Samuel
,
relates
the
Birth
and
Disorders
The
seventh
Chapter
of
Samuel
relates
the
happy
beginning
of
Samuels
Government
.
Of
the
World
,
2903.
before
Ch.
1101.
The
Israelites
demand
a
King
,
which
was
Saul
,
Of
the
World
,
2909.
before
Ch.
the
first
King
of
Israel
.
1095
his
History
is
written
in
the
first
Book
of
Samuel
form
the
8th
.
Chapter
to
the
31st
.
Of
the
World
,
2949.
before
Ch.
1055.
His
Son
Isboseth
succeeded
him
only
over
Isboseth
being
killed
,
David
is
declared
He
took
Jerusalem
and
made
it
the
Of
the
World
,
2990.
before
Ch.
1014.
Solomon
his
Son
succeded
him
in
his
Of
the
World
,
2993.
before
Ch.
1011.
The
Fifth
Age
BEgins
from
the
foundation
of
the
The
Foundation
of
the
Temple
.
Temple
by
Solomon
,
who
finisht
it
in
Seven
Years
and
a
half
.
Of
the
World
,
3000.
before
Christ
,
1004.
The
remainder
of
his
History
is
inserted
in
the
first
Book
of
Kings
;
Chapter
the
9th
.
and
in
the
first
Book
of
Chronicles
,
the
9th
.
and
10th
.
Chapters
.
Under
his
Son
Rhehoboam
,
the
Kingdom
Of
the
World
,
3029.
before
Christ
,
975.
The
first
composed
of
two
Tribes
of
Judah
and
Benjamin
,
which
obeyed
his
Rule
,
and
his
Successors
under
The
Kingdom
of
Judah
.
The
Kingdom
of
Israel
.
Jeroboam
.
the
Name
of
the
Kingdom
of
Judah
.
The
second
consisted
of
the
Ten
Tribes
under
the
name
of
the
Kingdom
of
Israel
,
and
passed
to
Jeroboam
and
his
Successors
.
Of
the
World
,
3030.
before
Ch.
974.
The
Battle
between
the
two
Kings
,
in
Abiam
the
Son
of
Rhehoboam
.
Of
the
World
,
3049.
before
Ch.
955.
Reigned
also
in
the
time
of
Jeroboam
.
Of
the
World
,
3050.
before
Ch.
954.
Baasca
the
Son
and
Successor
to
Jeroboam
.
Of
the
World
,
3062.
before
Ch.
942.
Asa
Son
of
Abiam
King
of
Judah
.
Nadab
King
of
Israel
,
the
Murtherer
and
Ela
the
Son
of
Baasca
killed
by
Zimri
,
Kings
of
Israel
.
and
he
in
the
space
of
16
days
by
Homri
,
who
Built
Samaria
.
Of
the
World
,
3088.
before
Ch.
916.
Jehosophat
Son
and
Successor
to
Asa
King
of
Judah
.
Achab
Son
and
Successor
to
Homri
,
he
Jehosophat
Son
and
Successor
to
Asa
Joram
Brother
and
Successor
to
Ochosias
King
of
Israel
.
King
of
Israel
.
Of
the
World
,
3007.
before
Ch.
897.
Joram
Son
and
Successor
to
Jehosaphat
King
of
Judah
.
King
of
Judah
.
Of
the
World
,
3008.
before
Ch.
896.
Jehoachas
or
Achasis
King
of
Judah
was
King
of
Israel
.
Athalia
.
while
Athalia
Mother
of
Achasias
,
having
killed
all
her
Children
except
Joas
.
Reigned
in
Judah
the
space
of
Seven
Years
.
Of
the
World
,
3020.
before
Ch.
884.
Joas
Reigned
in
Judah
after
his
Grandmother
King
of
Judah
.
Athalia
was
killed
.
Of
the
World
,
3126.
before
Ch.
878.
At
the
same
time
Jehoachas
Son
and
Successor
King
of
Israel
.
to
Jehu
Reigned
in
Israel
.
Of
the
World
,
3148.
before
Ch.
856.
The
Athenians
after
the
Death
of
Codrus
Change
of
Government
at
Athens
.
their
last
King
,
changed
the
form
of
their
Government
,
and
establisht
their
Archons
for
life
;
after
that
for
Ten
Years
,
and
at
last
for
every
Year
.
Joas
Son
and
Successor
to
Jehoachas
King
of
Israel
.
King
of
Israel
.
Of
the
World
,
3164.
before
Ch.
840.
Ozias
or
Azarias
Son
and
Successor
of
King
of
Judah
.
Amazius
,
who
succeeded
his
Father
Joas
King
of
Judah
.
Of
the
World
,
3194.
before
Ch.
810.
Jeroboam
the
second
Son
and
Successor
second
King
of
Israel
.
to
Joas
King
of
Israel
.
Of
the
World
,
3220.
before
Ch.
770.
Iphytus
revived
in
Elida
,
which
is
in
Peleponesus
Mount
Olimpus
by
Hercules
,
in
Honour
of
his
Father
Jupiter
.
Of
the
World
,
3228.
before
Ch.
776.
From
this
Re-establishment
the
Greeks
have
reckoned
their
famous
Epoche
,
called
the
Olimpiads
,
of
which
each
contains
Kings
of
Israel
.
who
reigned
but
one
Month
,
and
then
was
killed
by
Maniur
his
Successor
,
who
was
made
Tributary
by
Pul
or
Pall
,
King
of
Assyria
and
Babylon
.
Of
the
World
,
3233.
before
Ch.
771.
Pecaia
succeeded
his
Father
Maneheim
,
Kings
of
Judah
.
and
was
killed
at
the
end
of
Twelve
Years
by
Pecaia
his
Successor
.
Ozias
or
Azanas
became
Leprous
for
having
usurpt
the
Office
of
High-Priest
.
Of
the
World
,
3245.
before
Ch.
759.
His
Son
Jonathan
Governed
the
Kingdom
in
his
place
.
Of
the
World
,
3256.
before
Ch.
748.
The
Foundation
of
Rome
.
Three
Dinastys
in
Italy
.
The
first
of
Janus
and
Corythus
.
The
second
of
Saturnus
.
Rome
was
Built
at
the
end
of
the
7th
.
Olimpiad
.
Three
Dinasties
are
observed
to
have
Reigned
in
Italy
before
the
Foundation
of
Rome
.
The
first
of
Janus
the
Ancient
,
and
from
Corythus
to
Italus
,
whose
Daughter
Roma
married
.
Saturnus
,
called
from
thence
Romanessus
,
who
was
the
chief
of
the
second
Dinasty
,
called
the
Aborigines
,
which
he
brought
out
of
Arcadia
into
Italy
.
There
are
counted
among
▪
those
who
descended
from
them
,
two
of
the
Name
of
Picus
,
and
two
of
that
of
Faunus
;
one
of
the
latter
was
Father
of
Latinus
,
Father
to
Lavinia
,
who
was
married
to
Aeneas
,
The
third
of
Aeneas
.
the
chief
of
the
third
Dinasty
,
which
lasted
436
Years
under
Kings
to
the
Foundation
of
Rome
.
At
this
time
lived
Homer
and
Hesiod
the
The
Death
of
Sardanapalus
.
to
Sardanapalus
,
besieged
him
in
Niniveh
;
insomuch
that
this
Prince
who
had
been
so
Effeminate
,
finding
the
Walls
broken
down
,
had
the
Courage
to
burn
himself
in
his
own
Palace
with
his
Wives
,
his
Children
,
and
Treasures
.
Of
the
World
,
3257.
before
Ch.
747.
From
the
Destruction
of
the
Empire
of
Babylon
,
and
Assyria
,
there
arose
three
Kingdoms
;
the
first
in
Babylon
,
under
Nebonassar
,
King
of
Babylon
.
called
Baladam
,
in
the
Holy
Scriptures
;
and
Bellesis
,
by
the
Greeks
.
In
the
first
Year
▪
of
his
Reign
,
the
ancient
Geographers
have
taken
their
Epoche
.
The
second
Kingdom
was
that
of
the
Medes
;
but
lasted
only
about
Thirty
eight
Years
:
Arbaces
being
contented
,
at
that
time
,
to
restore
Liberty
to
his
Countrymen
.
The
third
Kingdom
in
Nineveh
,
was
under
Tilgamus
,
King
of
Assyria
.
or
Ninus
the
younger
,
called
Tiglat
Pilezer
,
in
the
Holy
Scripture
.
Of
the
World
,
3262.
before
Ch.
742.
Achas
succeeded
his
Father
Jonathan
,
King
of
Judah
.
Picae
was
killed
by
Hoseas
,
his
Successor
in
the
Kingdom
of
Israel
▪
which
ended
The
end
of
the
▪
King
〈…〉
of
Israel
.
in
the
Person
of
〈◊〉
King
,
slain
by
Tilgat
Pylezar
▪
King
of
As●yria
,
after
that
Monarchy
had
lasted
254
Years
,
from
Jeroboam
.
▪
Of
the
World
,
3278.
before
Ch.
726.
Nebonazar
having
reigned
fourteen
Years
,
had
for
his
Successors
,
Na
〈…〉
Ch
〈…〉
,
and
Pon●s
together
:
Then
Elu●ius
,
who
reigned
Kings
of
Babylon
.
successively
for
the
space
of
Twelve
Years
:
After
whom
,
Merodachus
Balladan
,
so
called
by
Isaiah
,
began
to
Reign
.
This
King
is
named
Mardosempades
,
by
the
Greeks
.
Of
the
World
,
3284.
before
Ch.
720.
Lycurgus
,
of
the
Royal
Blood
of
the
Heraclides
,
The
fabulous
History
ascribes
the
Foundation
The
Foundation
of
Lacedemon
.
of
that
City
to
Lacedemon
,
Son
of
Jupiter
and
Thais
,
Daughter
to
Atlas
:
But
the
true
History
does
reckon
for
their
first
King
,
Laelex
,
Contemporary
with
Cecrops
.
He
had
for
his
Successor
,
Eurctas
;
who
gave
the
Name
to
a
River
on
which
that
City
was
built
:
It
was
also
call'd
Sparta
,
from
the
Name
of
a
Daughter
of
that
King
.
Candaulus
,
the
last
King
of
Lydia
,
of
the
Lydia
.
Of
the
World
,
3286.
before
Ch.
718.
The
Poet
Archilochus
,
who
made
Jamlike
Of
the
World
,
3290.
before
Ch.
714.
Corinth
changed
the
Form
of
its
Government
s
change
of
Government
.
It
s
Foundation
.
of
Monarchy
,
to
a
Republick
.
This
City
was
built
in
the
Year
of
the
World
,
2640
,
by
Sisiphus
,
Son
to
Aeolus
,
who
was
killed
by
Theseus
,
by
reason
of
his
Robberies
.
Corinthus
,
who
succeeded
him
,
gave
the
Name
to
that
City
.
Romulus
died
,
and
was
Deified
under
the
The
Death
of
Romulus
.
Name
of
Quirinus
.
Of
the
World
,
3293.
before
Ch.
731.
Zenacherib
,
Son
,
and
Successor
,
to
Salmanasur
,
Serrhaddon
,
or
Assaradin
,
his
other
Son
,
King
of
Assyria
.
Ezechias
.
Esaiah
.
reigned
in
his
place
.
Ezechias
was
then
King
of
Judah
,
assisted
by
the
Counsel
of
the
Prophet
Esaiah
.
He
reigned
with
great
Justice
and
Piety
:
But
Manasses
,
his
Son
,
was
not
like
to
Of
the
World
,
3310.
before
Ch.
698.
The
Kindom
of
Babylon
being
fallen
into
Assyria
.
Of
the
World
3323.
before
Ch.
681.
Numa
Pompilius
,
who
succeeded
Romulus
,
Of
the
World
3336.
before
Ch.
668.
Jeodachim
,
who
was
Nebuchadnezzar
in
King
of
Assyria
&
Babylon
.
Deicos
King
of
the
Medes
.
the
Book
of
Judith
,
succeeds
Assaradin
in
the
Kingdom
of
Assyria
and
Babylon
:
He
overcame
Arphaxad
,
called
Deicos
by
the
Greeks
,
King
of
the
Medes
.
Manasses
died
,
after
he
had
been
re-establish'd
in
his
Kingdom
,
having
lain
in
Prison
many
Years
at
Babylon
.
Ammon
,
his
Son
,
followed
his
wicked
Ways
,
but
not
his
Repentance
.
Josias
,
his
Son
,
was
always
held
a
Godly
,
and
a
Vertuous
King
.
Tullus
Hostillius
,
the
third
King
of
Rome
,
Rome
▪
by
the
Victory
of
the
Horatii
over
Curatii
.
Of
the
World
,
3369.
before
Ch.
635.
Chinaladanan
,
or
Saracus
,
Successor
to
Saosduchin
,
Kings
of
Assyria
.
was
overcome
and
killed
in
Ninive
,
by
Nabopalassur
,
who
revolted
against
him
,
and
made
a
League
with
Phraord
,
Son
,
and
Successor
to
Deicus
,
King
of
the
Kings
of
the
Medes
.
Medes
.
Of
the
World
,
3380.
before
Ch.
624.
So
Nabonahassur
became
King
of
Babylon
,
and
of
Assyria
,
and
was
in
Alliance
with
the
Medes
;
and
marrying
Nebuchadonesur
,
with
Am●tys
,
Sister
to
Astyages
,
Son
of
Cyaxares
,
he
succeeded
his
Father
Phraord
.
Anous
Martius
,
the
fourth
King
of
Rome
,
Tyber
.
Of
the
World
3393.
before
Ch.
611.
N
〈…〉
,
or
Neco
,
King
of
Egypt
,
having
King
of
Egypt
.
left
his
Kingdom
,
to
make
War
against
Nab●pal●●ur
,
is
stopt
in
his
Way
,
by
Josias
,
who
was
killed
in
the
Battle
.
Of
th●
World
3395.
before
Ch.
609.
Necos
being
victorious
,
brought
Jehoa●has
,
Kings
of
Judah
.
Son
of
Josias
,
Prisoner
;
and
put
in
his
place
,
on
the
Throne
of
Judah
,
J●hoachim
,
Brother
to
Jehoachas
.
Of
the
World
3398.
before
Ch.
609.
Nebuchadnesur
carried
Jehoachim
into
Captivity
,
as
likewise
Jeconius
,
Son
to
Jeh●achim
;
The
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
of
Judah
.
and
at
last
took
Zedechias
,
Uncle
to
Jeconias
,
and
put
out
his
Eyes
,
and
killed
his
Children
in
his
presence
,
while
Nebuzaradin
ruined
the
City
and
Temple
of
Jerusalem
.
The
D●struction
of
Jerusalem
Of
the
World
,
3416.
before
Ch.
588.
Where
Jeremiah
,
the
Prophet
,
lived
to
bewail
the
Miseries
of
the
Jews
:
In
the
same
time
that
Ezekiel
prophesied
to
the
Captive
Jews
,
in
Babylon
.
Of
the
World
,
3417.
before
Ch.
587.
The
Sixth
Age.
DAniel
,
and
his
Companions
,
gave
s
Dreams
.
God
;
as
is
set
down
in
the
first
Book
of
that
Prophet
:
Where
also
is
related
the
Interpretation
of
Nebuchadnezar's
two
Dreams
.
In
this
time
lived
Arion
,
Alciceus
,
and
Epimenides
,
Nebuchadnezar
took
Tyre
from
Itabulus
,
Phaenix
.
Of
the
World
,
3432.
before
Ch.
572.
Nebuchadnezar
past
into
Egypt
,
and
easily
King
of
Egypt
.
conquered
it
;
having
found
it
divided
by
a
Civil
War
,
between
Apries
and
Amasis
;
the
former
lawful
King
having
been
expelled
by
the
Conqueror
.
Tarquinius
Priscus
,
the
fifth
King
of
Rome
,
Ancus
Martius
,
his
Predecessor
.
This
was
that
Tarquinius
Priscus
,
who
establish'd
Triumphs
for
those
who
had
obtained
a
signal
Victory
over
their
Enemies
.
Nebuchadnezar
,
grown
proud
of
the
most
turned
Beast
.
stately
Buildings
he
had
erected
in
Babylon
,
was
,
by
a
Judgment
of
God
,
reduc'd
to
the
Condition
of
a
Beast
,
for
the
space
of
seven
Years
.
Of
the
World
,
3435.
before
Ch.
569.
After
which
,
acknowledging
his
Sins
,
and
giving
all
Glory
to
God
,
he
was
restored
to
his
Reason
,
and
Kingdom
.
Of
the
World
,
3442.
before
Ch.
562.
His
Son
,
and
Successor
,
Evilmerodach
,
After
two
Years
Reign
,
Evilmerodach
was
killed
by
Neriglisser
,
his
Brother-in-Law
;
King
of
Babylon
.
whose
Son
Laborascadus
succeeded
him
;
but
Reigned
only
nine
Months
,
and
then
was
killed
,
and
a
Son
of
Evilmerodach
was
plac'd
on
the
Throne
.
He
was
called
Balthazar
,
by
Daniel
;
by
Barotius
,
King
of
Babylon
.
Naboniclus
;
by
Herodotus
Labinithus
.
Of
the
World
,
3448.
before
Ch.
556.
Astiages
King
of
Media
being
dead
,
had
the
Second
.
to
succeed
him
,
Ciaxar
,
the
Second
,
who
was
called
Darius
,
in
the
Book
of
Daniel
.
This
King
gave
the
Command
of
his
Armies
to
Cyrus
,
his
Nephew
,
and
Son-in-Law
.
The
Gauls
,
under
the
Conduct
of
Cigorais
,
Gaule
Cisalpine
.
Croesus
,
the
last
King
of
Lydia
,
who
descended
Athenian
.
Of
the
World
,
3456.
before
Ch.
548.
Historians
record
the
Death
of
the
fair
Aesop
lived
at
that
time
.
The
end
of
the
Empire
of
Assyria
.
The
end
of
the
Empire
of
Assiria
,
and
Babylon
,
by
the
Death
of
Balthazar
,
and
the
taking
of
Babylon
,
in
the
very
same
Night
that
Balthazar
made
a
most
impious
Feast
,
mentioned
in
the
Fifth
Chapter
of
Daniel
.
Of
the
World
,
3466.
before
Ch.
538.
So
the
Assyrian
Empire
devolved
to
the
The
Empire
of
the
Medes
.
Medes
,
in
the
Person
of
Ciaxar
the
Second
,
or
Darius
;
to
whom
Cyrus
,
his
Son-in-Law
,
resigned
all
his
Conquests
.
In
the
Time
of
the
Seven
Years
Captivity
of
the
Jews
,
in
Babylon
,
flourish'd
in
Greece
,
the
Seven
Wise
Men
,
called
,
Thales
,
The
Seven
Wise
Men
of
Greece
.
the
Milesian
;
Ch●lon
,
the
Laced●monian
;
Cleobulus
,
of
C●rinth
;
Byas
,
of
Prienae
;
Pittacus
,
of
Mitelene
;
and
Solon
,
of
Salamis
.
This
was
he
who
gave
milder
,
and
more
easie
Laws
to
the
Athenians
,
than
those
of
Draco
;
which
were
so
very
severe
,
and
cruel
,
that
it
was
said
of
them
,
they
were
writ
in
Blood
.
Cambyses
,
King
of
Persia
,
and
Darius
,
or
The
Empire
of
Persia
.
Cyaxar
,
the
Second
King
of
the
Medes
,
both
being
dead
;
Cyrus
,
Son
to
the
one
,
and
Nephew
to
the
other
▪
succeeded
in
all
their
Principalities
,
and
gave
Beginning
to
the
Empire
of
the
Persians
,
which
extended
from
the
Hell●●p
〈…〉
,
to
India
.
Of
the
World
,
3468.
before
Ch.
536.
Cyrus
,
in
the
First
Year
of
his
Reign
,
set
〈◊〉
at
Liberty
.
the
Jews
at
Liberty
;
and
they
returned
into
their
own
Country
,
under
the
Conduct
of
Z●rubbabel
,
Son
of
Salathiel
,
Son
of
Jeconias
,
King
of
Judah
.
Cyrus
died
,
according
to
some
Writers
,
s
Death
.
in
the
War
against
Thomiris
,
Queen
of
Scythia
;
contrary
to
the
Testimony
of
Xenophon
,
who
writes
,
that
this
Prince
died
in
his
Bed
,
at
Pasa●gade
,
in
Persia
.
Of
the
World
,
3475.
before
Ch.
529.
Servius
Tullius
,
the
Sixth
King
of
Rome
,
Tarquinius
Superbus
.
Of
the
World
3476.
before
Ch.
528.
Pzametticus
,
Governour
of
Egypt
,
having
●ook
upon
him
the
Title
of
King
Cambyses
,
Son
,
and
Successor
to
Cyrus
,
went
thither
,
and
subjected
it
;
yet
he
lost
two
Armies
in
the
Desarts
of
Lybia
;
one
which
he
sent
to
plunder
the
Temple
of
Jupiter
Ammon
;
and
the
other
▪
which
he
sent
against
the
Aethiopians
.
Of
the
World
,
34●1
.
be●ore
Ch.
523.
At
this
time
flourish'd
the
Poet
Anacreon
Cambyses
had
caus'd
his
Brother
Smerdis
to
be
secretly
kill'd
.
In
the
mean
while
,
the
Magus
Patisites
plac'd
on
the
Throne
his
own
Brother
,
Oropastes
,
under
the
Name
of
Smerdis
;
because
he
exactly
resembled
The
Impostor
Smerdis
.
the
Prince
of
the
same
Name
.
Of
the
World
3482.
before
Ch.
522.
This
News
made
Cambyses
leave
Egypt
,
to
return
into
Persia
;
but
he
di●d
by
the
Way
,
of
a
Wound
he
received
by
his
own
Sword
,
as
he
lighted
off
from
his
●orse
.
The
Impostor
,
Smerdis
,
was
killed
by
Seven
of
the
chief
S●trap●s
of
the
Kingdom
;
of
which
Number
,
Darius
,
Son
of
King
of
Persia
.
Istapes
,
was
chosen
King
,
by
the
cunning
Intrigue
of
Othanes
.
Zopyrus
,
a
Friend
to
this
King
,
shewed
Of
the
World
,
3493.
before
Ch
501.
Tarquinius
Superbus
,
was
driven
out
of
In
their
place
were
elected
two
Consuls
Valerius
Publicola
,
and
Collatinus
,
the
Husband
of
Leucretia
.
Of
the
World
,
3500.
before
Christ
504.
But
he
having
been
turn'd
out
,
because
he
was
of
the
Family
of
the
Tarquins
,
they
constituted
in
his
place
,
Junius
Brutus
,
who
was
killed
in
the
Battle
against
Pors●nna
;
and
in
his
place
they
chose
Horatius
Pulvilius
;
who
,
also
dying
,
had
,
for
his
Successor
,
Spurius
Leucretius
,
Father
to
Leucretia
.
The
Siege
of
Rome
,
by
Porsenna
,
King
of
The
Siege
of
Rome
,
by
Porsenna
.
the
Thuscans
,
in
favour
of
the
Tarquins
;
the
Noble
Actions
of
Horatius
Cocles
,
of
Mutius
Scaevola
,
and
of
Clelia
,
the
Roman
Virgin
,
are
remark'd
in
the
Roman
History
.
Darius
sent
to
demand
Earth
and
Water
,
of
the
Grecian
Cities
of
Europe
,
as
Marks
of
their
Homage
;
which
they
refused
,
and
prepar'd
for
War
.
Of
the
World
,
3511.
before
Ch.
493.
This
King
having
sent
a
great
Army
against
The
beginning
of
the
War
between
the
Persians
and
the
Greeks
.
The
Battle
of
Marathon
.
Pisistratus
his
Son
killed
.
Armodius
&
Aristogeter
.
the
Grecians
,
they
won
the
famous
Battle
of
Marathon
,
under
the
Conduct
of
Miltiades
,
the
Athenian
Captain
.
Of
the
World
3514
,
before
Ch.
490.
Pisistratus
,
a
Traytor
to
his
Country
,
was
the
Cause
of
that
War
.
He
was
killed
in
that
Battle
:
Hippias
,
his
Son
,
being
also
in
the
same
Treason
with
his
Father
,
was
kill'd
by
Armodius
,
and
Aristogiter
;
who
were
likewise
slain
in
the
same
Action
:
But
the
Athenians
erected
Statues
for
them
,
in
Acknowledgment
of
their
Deliverance
by
them
,
from
the
Yoak
of
that
Tyrant
.
Darius
,
the
Son
of
Histapes
,
chief
of
the
s
Death
.
Second
Dynasty
of
the
Persian
Kings
,
died
,
●eaving
two
Sons
,
Artobasanes
,
and
Xerxes
:
This
younger
Brother
was
preferred
before
s
Successor
.
the
eldest
,
to
the
Succession
of
the
Kingdom
;
in
regard
he
was
born
after
his
Father
was
made
King
;
and
also
,
because
he
was
the
Son
of
Atossa
,
Daughter
of
Cyrus
.
It
is
remarkable
,
that
the
eldest
yielded
without
Regret
to
the
Judgment
of
the
Satrapes
,
to
whom
these
two
Bro●hers
had
referred
the
Decision
of
that
great
Affair
.
Of
the
World
,
5520.
before
Ch.
484.
At
Rome
,
the
common
People
pretending
to
be
oppress'd
by
the
Senate
,
stirred
up
a
dangerous
Sedition
;
to
appease
which
Tribunes
of
the
People
at
Rome
.
were
establish'd
Tribunes
of
the
People
;
powerful
Magistrates
,
who
had
the
Charge
to
maintain
the
Rights
of
the
People
,
and
to
hinder
the
Nobility
from
oppressin●
them
.
That
which
happened
upon
occasion
o●
the
Discontent
of
Q.
Martius
Coriolanus
,
i●
first
Dictator
.
remark'd
in
the
Roman
History
.
Quintus
Cincinnatus
is
observed
to
be
th●
first
Dictator
the
Romans
chose
upon
a●
emergent
occasion
.
Of
the
World
,
352●
before
Ch.
483.
Xerxes
pass'd
into
Europe
with
a
terrib●
conquered
the
Greeks
.
Land-Army
,
having
sent
another
as
gre●
by
Sea
:
Three
hundred
Lacedemonian●
commanded
by
Leonidas
,
killed
Twent●
thousand
of
the
Land-Army
,
at
the
Pa●
of
Thermopolis
:
All
these
brave
Lacedem●nians
,
The
Battle
at
Thermopolis
.
with
their
General
,
died
upon
th●
place
.
The
Naval
Forces
were
defeat●
near
Salamis
,
by
the
Greeks
,
under
t●
The
Battle
of
Salamis
Conduct
of
Euribiades
,
the
Lacedemonia●
and
Themistocles
the
Athenian
.
Of
the
Worl●
before
Ch.
479.
Xerxes
being
compelled
,
by
his
ill
Su●cess
to
leave
Greece
,
repass'd
the
Bospho●
in
a
little
Bark
:
The
Troops
he
had
le●
in
Greece
,
under
the
Command
of
Ma●donius
,
were
defeated
near
Platea
,
by
th●
The
Battle
of
Platea
.
Xerxes
'
s
Death
.
Lacedemonians
.
Xerxes
was
killed
by
Artabanes
,
Capta●
of
his
Guards
;
who
by
that
means
Reig●ed
for
some
Months
,
and
then
was
al●
killed
,
and
Artaxerxes
Longomain
,
Son
●
Of
the
World
3531.
before
Ch.
473.
Pindar
and
Symonides
Lirick
Poets
;
So●hocles
Cymon
the
Athenian
,
Son
of
Miltiades
,
Of
the
World
,
3538.
before
Ch.
466.
Esdras
the
Jew
of
the
Sacerdotal
Line
,
●rought
back
those
of
his
Nation
who
remained
Artaxerxes
having
shewn
that
favour
to
the
Jews
for
the
sake
of
Nehemiah
his
favourite
,
the
Jews
finisht
the
Building
of
their
Temple
;
from
thence
many
begin
their
Seventy
Weeks
mentioned
in
the
Daniel
.
Of
the
World
,
3550.
before
Ch
454.
The
Romans
named
Ten
Persons
to
digest
their
Laws
,
which
were
brought
to
Of
the
World
3554.
before
Ch.
450.
Those
Ten
Persons
acquitted
themselves
so
well
in
that
Affair
,
that
the
Government
Appius
Claudius
having
ravisht
the
Daughter
of
Virginius
a
Roman
Soldier
;
this
Of
the
World
,
3557.
before
Ch.
447.
At
this
time
lived
Artemiza
,
Queen
of
The
two
Artemizas
.
Mausolus
.
Caria
,
who
exprest
extraordinary
Grief
for
the
Death
of
her
Husband
Mausolus
.
Of
the
World
,
3559.
before
Ch.
445.
There
was
one
of
the
same
Name
her
Aunt
,
who
fought
at
the
Battle
of
Salamis
for
Xerxes
.
Herodotus
the
Historian
was
Contemporary
with
the
last
Artemiza
and
her
Subject
,
Born
at
Halycarnassus
,
the
chief
City
Learned
Men
of
Greece
.
of
Caria
:
The
Poet
Aeschylus
,
and
the
Orator
Isocrates
flourisht
at
that
time
.
Brennus
the
Gaul
having
past
into
Italy
Of
the
World
,
3563.
before
Ch.
442.
Ju.
Camillus
constrained
him
to
retire
,
and
for
that
great
service
,
was
esteemed
drove
them
out
.
by
the
Romans
as
the
Founder
of
their
City
,
and
was
called
by
them
the
second
Romulus
.
Of
the
World
,
3565.
before
Ch.
439.
At
Rome
the
Military
Tribunes
were
Of
the
World
,
3572.
before
Ch.
432.
Then
began
the
Peloponesian
War
between
Of
the
World
,
3574
before
Ch.
430.
Hypocrates
writ
of
it
as
a
Physitian
;
and
change
to
a
Republick
.
has
given
great
proof
of
his
Ability
and
Skill
on
this
occasion
;
the
Cyrenians
changed
the
form
of
their
Government
from
a
Monarchy
which
had
lasted
200
Years
to
a
Republick
.
Artaxerxes
Longomanus
dyed
,
Of
the
World
,
3579.
before
Ch.
425.
his
Son
Xerxes
the
Kings
of
Persia
.
second
was
killed
about
a
Year
after
by
his
Brother
Zogdian
,
who
also
was
slain
six
Months
after
,
by
his
Brother
called
Ochus
,
or
Darius
Nochus
,
who
thus
plac'd
himself
on
the
Persian
Throne
.
Of
The
World
,
3580.
before
Ch.
424.
Themistocles
who
was
retired
among
the
The
Death
of
Themistocles
.
Persians
,
having
been
banisht
by
the
Athenians
,
killed
himself
by
reason
that
the
King
of
Persia
would
oblige
him
to
lead
an
Army
against
the
Grecians
▪
At
this
time
lived
Aristophanes
the
Poet
,
Of
the
World
,
3593.
before
Ch.
411.
The
Peloponesian
War
ended
by
a
Peace
the
Greeks
.
made
among
themselves
,
finding
they
very
much
destroyed
each
other
by
their
Dissention
.
Of
the
World
,
3604.
before
Ch.
404.
Ochus
or
Darius
Nothus
died
leaving
two
Kings
of
Persia
.
Sons
,
Artaxerxes
Mnenon
.
Of
the
World
,
3601.
before
Ch.
403.
And
Cyrus
tho'
Younger
,
who
made
War
one
against
the
other
,
which
was
ended
in
a
Battle
,
where
Cyrus
was
overcome
and
killed
.
Six
Thousand
The
Retreat
of
the
Greeks
.
Greeks
who
had
served
in
the
Army
of
the
vanquisht
Prince
,
made
at
last
a
famous
retreat
,
related
by
Zenophon
who
was
there
present
as
one
of
their
Officers
.
Of
the
World
.
3663.
before
Ch.
401.
After
the
return
of
the
Jews
from
their
Captivity
,
they
were
Governed
by
a
Sanedrim
:
A
Council
composed
of
the
wisest
among
the
Priests
,
and
of
the
Tribe
of
Judah
.
In
this
time
John
the
High-Priest
,
seeing
Jesus
his
Brother
would
put
himself
into
his
place
,
killed
him
in
the
very
Temple
.
Voges
Governor
of
Samaria
,
a
Friend
to
the
slain
Brother
,
revenged
his
Death
by
a
second
Prophanation
of
the
Temple
,
where
he
slaughtered
a
great
number
of
People
.
Of
the
World
,
3608.
before
Ch.
396.
At
this
time
lived
Plato
and
Dionisius
the
King
of
Syracuse
.
Epaminondas
.
Tyrant
of
Syracuse
,
to
visit
whom
this
Phylosopher
made
three
Voyages
.
Epaminondas
▪
the
famous
Thebane
Captain
,
died
Victorious
over
the
Athenians
,
at
the
Battle
of
Luctr●s
;
he
had
before
dese●ted
them
in
the
Battle
of
M●ntinea
.
Of
the
World
.
3634.
before
Ch.
370.
In
Aegypt
the
Kingdom
being
in
dispute
Kings
of
Aegypt
.
between
Nectana●●s
and
Tharos
his
Nephew
,
Th
〈…〉
prevailed
by
the
help
of
〈…〉
us
King
of
Spar●●
,
who
passed
over
Of
the
World
3643
,
before
Ch.
361.
In
Persia
,
Ochus
the
Son
of
Artaxerxes
Kings
of
Persia
.
Mnemon
killed
his
Brother
Arsames
,
upon
which
the
Father
died
of
Grief
:
Thus
Ochus
,
called
Artaxerxes
the
Third
,
ascended
the
Throne
.
The
Birth
of
Alexander
Son
to
Philip
s
Birth
.
King
of
Macedon
and
Olimpia
.
Of
the
World
3648
,
before
Ch.
356.
The
same
Night
the
Temple
of
Diana
The
Temple
of
Ephesus
Burnt
.
at
Ephesius
was
Burnt
by
one
Herostratus
,
who
left
his
Name
to
Posterity
in
spight
of
all
the
care
Antiquity
took
to
have
it
forgot
.
The
Tyrians
set
Fire
to
their
Ci●y
,
and
burnt
themselves
with
it
,
because
they
would
not
fall
under
the
power
of
Ochus
or
Artaxerxes
the
Third
.
This
Victorious
Ochus
at
last
subdued
Aegypt
;
His
Death
.
there
he
killed
the
Oxe
Apis
,
for
which
he
was
slain
by
Bagoas
one
of
his
Eunuchs
,
who
gave
his
Flesh
to
be
devoured
by
Cats
.
Of
the
World
3654
,
before
Ch.
350.
This
Aegyptian
Eunuch
having
thus
revenged
the
Affront
done
to
his
Nation
,
set
on
the
Throne
Arsames
Son
to
Ochus
,
and
after
that
killed
him
and
set
up
in
his
place
Darius
Cadomanus
.
Of
the
World
3668.
before
Ch.
336.
Philip
King
of
Macedon
was
killed
by
The
Death
of
Philip
of
M●cedon
.
Pausanius
,
a
young
Man
of
a
Noble
Family
for
a
Cause
dishonourable
to
the
memory
of
that
King
.
At
this
time
lived
Demosthenes
the
famous
Alexander
.
Diogenes
the
Cynick
lived
The
Grecians
assembled
at
Corinth
,
chos●
Alexander
to
command
the
Forces
whic●
chief
Commander
of
the
Greeks
.
Thebes
destroyed
.
Athens
saved
.
they
resolved
to
send
into
Asia
,
against
th●
Persians
;
the
Thebanes
having
disowne●
their
Deputies
on
the
account
of
tha●
choice
,
Alexander
ruined
their
City
:
H●
spared
Athens
which
had
displeased
hi●
by
the
same
ill
conduct
as
the
Thebanes
.
O●
the
World
3670.
before
Ch.
334.
Aristophanes
the
Comick
Poet
then
flourisht
the
Poet.
Alexander
in
Asia
.
at
Athens
.
Alexander
past
the
Hellespont
,
to
mak●
War
against
the
Persians
:
This
passage
o●
his
was
remarkt
to
have
happened
in
th●
Third
Olimpiad
,
and
in
the
420th
Year
o●
Rome
.
Immediately
after
he
won
the
Battl●
The
Battle
of
Granic
.
near
the
Granic
in
Phrigia
.
Of
the
Worl●
3671
,
before
Ch.
333.
This
Victory
made
him
Master
of
the
lesser
Asia
,
there
he
pass'd
the
Winter
and
cut
the
Gordian
Knot
;
he
fell
dangerously
sick
in
the
Spring
,
by
bathing
himself
in
a
great
Sweat
,
in
the
River
Cidnus
,
which
passes
by
Tharsus
in
Cilicia
;
he
was
cured
by
Remedies
his
Physician
Philip
gave
him
▪
He
went
to
meet
Darius
who
had
an
Army
of
Six
Hundred
Thousand
Men
,
whom
The
Battle
of
Issus
.
he
defeated
near
Issus
in
the
streights
of
the
Mountains
of
Cilicia
.
Of
the
World
3672
,
before
Ch.
332.
This
Victory
made
him
Master
of
a
None
but
Tyre
and
Gaza
durst
oppose
The
Ruine
of
Tyre
and
Gaza
.
him
;
he
took
the
first
after
seven
Months
Siege
,
the
second
after
two
Months
,
and
destroyed
them
both
.
He
spared
Jerusalem
,
being
moved
to
Of
the
World
3673
,
before
Ch.
332.
He
took
measures
for
the
Building
of
The
Foundation
of
Alexandria
.
Alexandria
on
the
Banks
of
Nyle
,
while
●his
Ingenier
Dinocrates
was
there
at
work
,
Alexander
visited
the
Temple
of
Jupiter
visits
the
Temple
of
Jupiter
Ammon
.
Hammon
,
in
the
desart
of
Libia
:
He
was
there
declared
the
Son
of
that
God
,
he
went
back
into
Aegypt
,
and
from
thence
into
Siria
,
from
whence
he
passed
beyond
Euphrates
,
and
Tygris
to
meet
Darius
,
who
had
gathered
together
an
Army
of
a
Million
of
Men.
Alexander
conquered
him
in
the
plains
The
Battle
of
Arbella
.
of
Arbella
,
where
Darius
escaping
out
of
the
Battle
,
was
killed
in
his
Flight
by
the
conspiring
of
Bessus
,
and
of
Narbazan●●
The
Death
of
Darius
.
two
of
his
principal
Satrapes
,
who
were
afterwards
punisht
by
Alexander
as
their
Crime
deserved
.
Of
the
World
3674
,
before
Ch.
330.
Thus
ended
the
Empire
of
the
Persians
,
which
began
208
Years
before
in
the
person
of
Cyrus
,
passing
after
the
death
of
Darius
Codomanus
,
to
the
Macedonians
in
The
Empire
of
the
Macedonians
the
person
of
Alexander
.
Of
the
World
3675
,
before
Ch.
329.
It
is
remarkt
what
happened
to
him
in
that
time
with
Talestris
Queen
of
the
Amazons
,
Queen
of
the
Amazons
.
A
War
against
the
Scythians
.
who
came
to
visit
him
in
Hircani●
on
the
Banks
of
the
Caspian
Sea
.
The
War
he
afterwards
undertook
against
the
Scythians
,
which
proved
unfortunate
to
him
,
made
him
repass
the
Ca●●casus
,
at
the
foot
of
which
he
founded
a●
second
Alexandria
.
The
Conspiracy
of
Parmenio
,
and
o●
The
Conspiracy
of
Parmenio
and
Phylotas
.
The
Death
of
Clytus
and
Calisthenes
.
his
Son
Phylotas
,
cost
both
of
them
their
lives
.
The
Death
of
Clytus
and
of
Calisthene●
the
Phylosopher
,
the
first
killed
by
Alexander
himself
in
a
Debauch
,
the
other
by
the
hands
of
an
Executioner
,
being
suspected
to
have
conspired
against
Alexander
.
Of
the
World
3676
,
before
Ch.
328.
Alexander
advancing
towards
Indus
,
Taxilis
But
Porus
the
greatest
King
of
that
Of
the
World
3677
,
before
Ch.
229.
History
does
not
forget
to
remark
the
The
Death
of
Bucephalus
.
Funeral
Honours
which
Alexander
caused
to
be
paid
to
his
Horse
Bucephalus
.
And
the
City
he
ordered
to
be
built
about
his
Tomb
,
by
the
name
of
Bucephalia
on
the
River
Hydaspes
.
His
Army
being
arrived
on
the
borders
of
Hypanis
,
refused
by
a
kind
of
Mutiny
to
pass
further
,
so
that
Alexander
was
returns
.
He
visits
the
Ocean
.
forc'd
to
return
back
.
In
his
return
he
surveyed
the
Mouths
of
the
River
Indus
,
and
sailed
for
a
while
on
the
Ocean
;
then
taking
his
course
along
the
Sea-side
Indian
Gimnosophyst
burnt
himself
,
because
he
found
his
Health
begin
to
decay
after
he
had
enjoyed
it
perfectly
for
the
space
of
Seventy
Years
.
Alexander
being
at
Ecbatana
in
Parthia
,
lost
his
dear
Ephestion
,
who
died
of
a
Debauch
The
Death
of
Ephestion
.
of
Wine
.
Among
his
various
expresses
of
Grief
for
his
loss
,
he
often
uttered
some
cruel
ones
,
and
some
very
ridiculous
.
He
came
to
Babylon
contrary
to
the
Advice
114th
.
Olimpiad
,
and
at
the
449th
Year
from
the
Foundation
of
Rome
.
Of
the
World
3681
,
before
Christ
,
323.
He
left
a
Bastard
Son
named
Hercules
,
and
his
Wife
Roxalana
big
with
Child
,
who
was
brought
to
Bed
of
a
Son
called
after
his
Name
;
these
two
Sons
with
Philip
his
Brother
Perdiccas
Governor
of
the
Kings
.
Kings
by
the
Mecedonians
,
under
the
Tuition
of
Perdiccas
;
the
two
first
by
reason
of
their
Childhood
,
and
the
third
in
regard
of
the
weakness
of
his
Understanding
.
The
other
Friends
of
Alexander
shared
among
them
his
Conquests
under
the
Titles
of
Governors
,
which
they
assumed
during
the
Life
of
those
Kings
.
But
after
that
by
the
Fraud
and
Cunning
of
Olimpias
and
Antipater
,
they
were
destroyed
,
It
was
not
long
before
they
fell
to
War
among
themselves
,
by
which
the
chief
of
them
were
ruined
.
Perdiccas
,
the
first
,
march'd
into
Aegypt
The
Death
of
Perdiccas
.
Ptolomy
King
of
Aegypt
.
against
Ptolomy
,
the
Son
of
Lagus
,
and
was
there
killed
in
Battle
by
Ptolomy
;
who
by
that
Victory
was
fully
establish'd
in
that
Monarchy
,
and
joyned
to
Aegypt
,
Cyrenaica
,
and
part
of
Arabia
.
Craterus
had
shared
Macedonia
,
and
the
Of
the
World
3680
,
before
Ch.
320.
Eumenes
a-while
after
,
had
the
same
Fate
Seleucus
.
Demetrius
,
the
Son
of
Antigonus
,
after
he
had
restored
Liberty
to
the
ancient
Republicks
of
Greece
,
and
had
made
himself
Master
of
Macedonia
,
lost
it
again
,
and
fell
into
the
Hands
of
his
Son-in-Law
Seleucus
Nicanor
;
who
kept
him
Prisoner
,
tho'
very
honourably
,
and
most
commodiously
,
in
a
Peninsula
of
Syria
;
where
Demetrius
The
Death
of
Demetrius
.
gave
himself
up
excessively
to
his
Pleasures
,
died
at
the
end
of
three
Years
.
Antipater
,
Cassander
,
and
his
other
Sons
,
the
Death
of
Olimpias
,
Antipater
,
Cassander
,
and
his
other
Sons
.
who
had
a
hand
in
the
Death
of
the
Kings
,
and
in
that
of
Olimpias
,
they
perish'd
all
in
the
space
of
twelve
Years
.
Thus
the
whole
Succession
of
Alexander
was
divided
into
three
Kingdoms
.
That
of
the
Selucides
comprehended
Mesopotamia
,
Seleucus
Nicanor
,
who
gave
Name
to
this
Dinasty
.
Of
the
World
3692.
before
Ch.
312.
That
of
the
Ptolomy's
comprizing
Aegypt
,
s
in
Aegypt
.
Cyrenaica
,
with
a
part
of
Arabia
,
under
Ptolomy
the
Son
of
Lagus
.
That
of
Macedonia
under
the
young
Antigonus
,
under
the
young
Antigonus
.
Philosophers
.
who
became
Master
there
,
after
that
Pyrrhus
,
who
had
disputed
it
with
him
,
was
gone
into
Italy
.
At
this
time
lived
Democritus
,
Heraclitus
,
and
Zeno
,
Prince
of
the
Stoicks
;
Euclid
,
chief
of
the
Mathematicians
;
and
Epicurus
who
kept
two
Schools
in
Asia
,
one
at
Lampsasche
,
and
the
other
at
Mytelene
.
The
Indians
shook
off
the
Macedonian
set
at
Liberty
.
Yoke
,
having
valiantly
repuls'd
Selucus
,
who
was
advanc'd
towards
them
,
to
keep
them
in
Obedience
.
Of
the
World
3700
,
before
Ch.
304.
At
his
Return
from
this
Voyage
,
he
The
Foundation
of
Antioch
,
and
of
Selucia
.
founded
two
Cities
in
the
same
Year
;
Antioch
,
on
the
River
Orontes
,
in
Syria
;
and
Selucia
,
upon
the
Tygris
;
the
first
after
the
Name
of
his
Son
Antiochus
,
and
the
second
after
his
own
Name
.
Of
the
World
3704
,
before
Ch.
300.
At
this
time
lived
Theocritus
,
the
Poet
,
The
Poet
Theocritus
.
Author
of
the
Idyles
,
which
treat
of
Pastoral
Matters
.
Ptolomy
Philadelphus
having
succeeded
his
He
collected
a
great
Number
of
Volumes
,
The
famous
Library
.
Demetrius
Phylareus
.
in
a
most
stately
Library
,
by
the
Care
of
Demetrius
Phylareus
,
the
famous
Philosopher
.
Of
the
World
3727
,
before
Ch.
277.
The
Gauls
,
under
the
Conduct
of
Belgius
,
driven
out
of
Aegypt
.
or
Gallo-Graecia
.
Pyrrhus
had
at
first
great
Success
in
the
War
he
waged
against
the
Romans
,
in
favour
of
the
Tarentines
;
but
at
last
he
was
so
often
beaten
,
that
he
was
forced
to
repass
the
Sea
.
He
was
killed
a-while
after
,
Of
the
World
3733
,
before
Ch.
271.
By
the
great
Care
and
Wisdom
of
Phylopaemen
,
Of
the
World
3740
,
before
Ch.
264.
The
Kingdoms
of
Pergamus
and
Bythinia
,
The
Kingdom
of
Pergamus
and
Bythinia
.
began
the
first
under
Eumenes
,
Nephew
to
the
Eunuch
Phyleterus
,
who
had
been
Treasurer
to
Lysimachus
;
the
second
under
Nicomedes
,
who
rebuilt
the
City
of
Astacia
,
and
called
it
Nicomedia
.
Of
the
World
3744
,
before
Ch.
260.
Then
began
the
Kingdom
of
the
Parthians
,
The
Kingdom
of
the
Parthians
.
Arsaces
.
who
shook
off
the
Macedonian
Yoke
,
under
the
Conduct
of
Arsaces
,
their
first
King
,
Chief
of
the
Dinasty
,
which
from
his
Name
was
called
the
Arsacides
.
At
this
time
lived
Berosus
the
Chaldean
,
Babylon
.
Plautus
Rome
.
Of
the
World
3758
,
before
Ch.
246.
Antiochus
Theos
,
the
third
King
of
Syria
,
Kings
of
Syria
,
Aegypt
,
and
Macedonia
.
had
for
his
Successor
Seleucus
Callinicus
,
and
Ptolomy
Philadelphius
,
his
Son
Everietes
,
in
Aegypt
;
The
young
Antigonus
his
Son
Demetrius
,
in
Macedonia
:
These
three
Kings
Fathers
dying
in
the
space
of
two
Years
.
Of
the
World
3760
,
before
Ch.
244.
The
first
Punick
War
.
Hieron
King
of
Syracuse
.
This
Year
being
the
477th
of
Rome
,
began
the
first
Punick
War
in
Sicily
;
where
the
Romans
got
great
Advantages
over
King
Hieron
,
allied
to
the
Carthaginians
.
Seleucus
Callinicus
,
and
Antiochus
Hierax
his
Brother
,
having
a
long
time
disputed
for
the
Kingdom
of
Syria
,
they
both
died
,
Kings
of
the
Kingdom
of
Syria
.
and
Seleucus
Cerannus
succeeded
his
Father
Callinicus
.
Of
the
World
3778.
before
Ch.
226.
In
Aegypt
,
Ptolomy
Phylopater
,
having
Of
the
World
3781.
before
Christ
223.
The
War
was
carried
over
into
Africk
,
in
the
Sequel
of
which
,
happened
that
which
the
Roman
History
fully
relates
of
Attilius
Regulus
:
At
last
a
Peace
was
made
The
end
of
the
first
Punick
War
.
to
the
advantage
of
the
Romans
,
to
whom
the
Carthaginians
were
compelled
to
give
up
S●rdinia
.
Of
the
World
3784.
before
Ch.
220.
The
Romans
past
the
Po
,
took
Millan
,
and
made
themselves
Masters
of
a
great
and
in
Illyria
.
The
second
Punick
War
.
The
Ruine
of
Saguntum
.
Hannibal
in
Italy
.
He
defeats
the
Romans
at
the
River
Trebea
.
part
of
Gaule-Cisalpine
.
They
acted
the
same
thing
in
Illyria
,
against
Queen
Teuta
,
a
Gauloise
,
descended
from
young
Brennus
.
Annibal
,
the
Son
of
Amilcar
,
commanding
for
the
Carthaginians
in
Spain
,
had
been
sworn
by
his
Father
,
to
be
an
inveterat●
Enemy
to
the
Romans
:
To
effect
which
,
he
began
to
make
War
in
Spain
,
by
the
overthrow
of
Saguntum
.
After
which
,
he
past
into
Italy
,
having
made
a
Passage
over
the
Alps
,
defeated
the
Romans
near
the
River
Trebea
,
which
passes
by
Placentia
.
And
a
second
time
in
Tuscany
,
near
the
The
Lake
Trasimene
.
Lake
Trasimene
.
But
these
first
Successes
were
a
little
interrupted
by
the
wise
Conduct
of
Q.
Fabius
Maximus
,
'till
such
Consuls
succeeded
,
who
not
following
the
same
Method
,
lost
the
Battle
of
Cannae
;
the
Circumstances
of
After
this
great
Victory
,
if
Hannibal
had
but
known
how
to
have
made
a
right
use
of
it
,
he
had
taken
Rome
;
the
Romans
being
deceived
by
a
false
Report
,
that
he
was
driven
away
by
a
Storm
,
which
Heaven
caused
to
fall
on
his
Fleet.
Some
write
,
that
he
went
into
Campania
,
being
allured
by
the
Delights
of
that
Country
.
However
,
Fabius
Maximus
,
by
his
great
Conduct
,
put
a
stop
to
the
raging
Fury
of
this
Conquerour
.
But
that
which
fully
re-establish'd
the
Roman
Affairs
,
was
the
passing
of
Cornelius
At
length
Scipio
going
from
Spain
into
Africk
,
got
there
such
advantage
over
the
repasses
,
and
is
overcome
.
in
one
Battle
;
where
Hannibal
was
overcome
,
and
could
very
hardly
escape
.
Of
the
World
3803
,
before
Ch.
201.
Scipio
being
Master
of
the
Field
by
this
Victory
,
reduc'd
the
Carthaginians
to
demand
The
Surname
of
African
.
with
the
Sur-name
of
African
.
Of
the
World
3805
,
before
Ch.
199.
In
this
time
lived
Ennius
and
Terence
,
Roman
The
Romans
from
this
time
grown
very
powerful
,
and
interessing
themselves
in
the
Affairs
of
Kings
,
forbid
Philip
of
Macedon
to
molest
Ptolomy
Epiphanes
;
who
was
left
by
his
Father
,
Phylopater
,
King
of
Aegypt
,
under
the
Protection
of
the
Senate
,
and
People
of
Rome
.
This
Philip
King
of
Macedon
had
favoured
Hannibal
:
The
Romans
made
War
against
Of
the
World
3807
,
before
Ch.
197.
The
Syrian
War
was
not
less
glorious
to
Romans
.
Hannibal
being
retired
to
Antiochus
the
Great
,
whom
he
perswaded
to
declare
War
against
them
;
which
proved
unfortunate
to
him
:
For
the
Romans
first
beat
him
at
the
famous
Pass
of
Thermopolis
,
and
again
on
the
Banks
of
Meander
,
in
Asia
,
under
the
Conduct
of
Lucius
Scipio
,
Of
the
World
3813.
before
Ch.
191.
Four
Years
after
,
Antiochus
having
been
Kings
of
Syria
.
killed
by
the
Persians
,
near
the
Temple
of
Jupiter
Elemais
,
his
Son
Seleucus
Phylopater
succeeded
him
in
the
Kingdom
of
Syria
.
Of
the
World
3817
,
before
Ch.
187.
Hannibal
poison'd
himself
,
having
discover'd
The
Death
of
Hannibal
.
that
Prusias
,
King
of
Bythinia
,
designed
to
deliver
him
up
to
the
Romans
.
Of
the
World
3822
,
before
Ch.
182.
In
the
third
Chapter
of
the
second
Book
of
the
Maccabees
,
is
to
be
read
what
happened
to
Heliodorus
,
when
he
attempted
The
History
of
Heliodorus
.
to
plunder
the
Temple
of
Jerusalem
.
Of
the
World
3828
,
before
Ch.
176.
At
his
return
from
Judea
,
Heliodorus
killed
Seleucus
,
and
so
made
himself
Master
of
the
Kingdom
of
Syria
;
but
did
not
long
Kings
of
the
Kingdom
of
Syria
.
Antiochus
Epiphanes
.
enjoy
it
,
for
he
was
soon
after
slain
by
Antiochus
Epiphanes
,
Brother
to
Seleucus
.
This
Antiochus
had
been
given
a
Hostage
to
the
Romans
,
by
his
Father
Antiochus
the
Great
.
Seleucus
his
Brother
disengaged
him
,
by
sending
his
own
Son
Demetrius
in
his
place
:
So
that
in
the
Nephew's
absence
,
it
was
easie
for
the
Uncle
to
usurp
the
Kingdom
of
Syria
.
The
Romans
did
nor
then
oppose
Antiochus
,
but
as
he
was
entring
into
Aegypt
against
the
Pupils
,
their
two
Brothers
,
Ptolomeus
Phylometer
,
and
Everietes
the
Second
,
Successors
to
their
Father
Ptolomeus
Epiphanes
;
they
sent
him
a
Kings
of
Aegypt
.
Command
by
Papilius
Laena
,
who
was
then
Pro-Consul
of
Asia
,
not
to
molest
the
young
Aegyptian
Kings
.
In
returning
from
Aegypt
,
this
enraged
Prince
brought
those
Calamities
upon
the
Jews
,
which
are
set
down
in
the
Second
persecuted
by
Antiochus
.
Book
of
the
Maccabees
,
Chap.
4
,
5
,
6.
And
by
Josephus
in
his
Twelfth
Book
,
and
the
Sixth
Chapter
;
in
the
Fifteenth
Book
,
and
the
Third
Chapter
of
the
Jewish
Antiquities
.
Of
the
World
3836
,
before
Ch.
168.
In
the
mean
time
,
the
Romans
became
The
Conquest
of
Illyria
,
by
the
Romans
.
Masters
of
Illyria
,
by
defeating
Gentius
,
King
of
that
Country
,
and
also
of
▪
Macedonia
,
which
they
took
from
Perseus
,
who
was
carried
in
Triumph
to
Rome
,
by
the
Consul
Paulus
Aemilius
.
Of
the
World
3838
,
before
Ch.
168.
Judas
Maccabeus
,
that
Illustrious
Jew
,
The
Death
of
Antiochus
Epiphanes
.
met
with
an
unfortunate
End
,
described
in
the
Book
of
the
Maccabees
,
and
in
those
of
Josephus
.
Of
the
World
3840
,
before
Ch.
164.
His
Son
Antiochus
Eupater
succeeded
him
at
Nine
Years
of
Age
,
and
was
under
the
Tuition
of
Lysias
,
his
Father's
Friend
:
But
two
Years
after
,
the
Guardian
,
and
his
Pupil
,
were
killed
by
Demetrius
,
Son
of
Seleucus
;
who
being
escap'd
from
Rome
,
was
acknowledg'd
King
by
the
Syrians
.
Of
the
Kings
of
Syria
.
World
3842
,
before
Ch.
162.
His
Lieutenants
,
with
an
Army
of
Forty
thousand
Men
,
overwhelmed
Judas
Maccabeus
,
The
Death
of
Judas
Maccabeus
.
who
had
the
Courage
to
meet
them
only
with
Eight
hundred
Men.
He
had
for
his
Successor
,
to
Command
the
Jewish
Army
,
his
Brother
Jonathas
.
Of
the
World
3843
,
before
Ch.
161.
Alexander
Balas
calling
himself
the
Son
of
Antiochus
Epiphanes
,
made
himself
Master
of
Syria
,
having
killed
in
Battle
his
Cousin
Demetrius
Soter
.
This
new
King
was
a
Friend
to
Jonathas
,
Onias
,
Son
to
Onias
the
Great
,
finding
himself
by
this
means
excluded
from
this
Jerusalem
.
Of
the
World
3856
,
before
Ch.
148.
A
false
Philip
,
not
long
before
,
had
been
A
false
Philip.
driven
out
of
Macedonia
by
the
Romans
;
they
soon
after
had
the
same
advantage
A
false
Perseus
.
over
a
false
Perseus
:
And
the
Achaians
,
by
favouring
the
latter
,
exposed
their
Country
to
the
Victorious
Arms
of
the
Romans
.
This
War
ended
by
the
Ruine
of
Corinth
,
The
Ruine
of
Corinth
Polybius
:
under
the
Consul
Mumius
.
Polybius
,
a
Native
of
that
City
,
who
had
followed
his
Disciple
,
Scipio
Aemilianus
,
into
Africk
;
hearing
of
the
Misfortune
of
his
Country
,
went
thither
to
save
some
Remains
of
its
ancient
and
precious
Monuments
.
Of
the
World
3858
,
before
Ch.
146.
The
same
Year
was
also
remarkable
for
The
Ruin●
of
Carthage
.
Scipio
Aemilianus
Africanus
the
Destruction
of
Carthage
.
Scipio
Aemilianus
took
it
,
and
destroyed
it
by
the
Order
of
the
Senate
.
The
third
and
last
Punick
War
ending
in
that
manner
;
who
at
the
same
time
acquired
the
Sur-name
of
Africanus
,
as
his
Father
by
Adoption
had
done
.
This
happen'd
in
the
third
Year
of
the
158th
Olimpiad
.
Ptolomy
Phylometer
,
took
away
his
Daughter
Cleopatra
from
Balas
,
then
killed
him
in
a
Battle
,
and
gave
Cleopatra
to
Demetrius
Kings
of
Syria
.
Nicator
,
Son
of
Soter
;
who
by
that
means
put
himself
in
possession
of
the
Kingdom
of
Syria
.
Of
the
World
3859
,
before
Christ
145.
Phylometer
being
dead
,
a
little
while
after
Everietes
the
Second
,
his
Brother
,
married
his
Widow
Cleopatra
,
Sister
to
them
Kings
of
Aegypt
.
both
,
and
killed
a
Son
she
had
by
her
first
Husband
:
So
Everietes
Reigned
sole
King
of
Aegypt
.
Of
the
World
3861
,
before
Ch.
143.
In
Syria
,
Tryphon
,
who
was
a
Friend
to
Balas
,
made
Antiochus
,
the
Son
of
Balas
,
to
be
acknowledged
King
at
Antioch
;
with
so
much
the
less
trouble
,
by
reason
Demetrius
Nicator
was
taken
Prisoner
in
a
Battle
by
the
Parthians
.
The
vanquish'd
being
honourably
treated
by
the
Victors
,
married
Rodoguna
,
Daughter
to
their
King
.
Cleopatra
hearing
this
,
married
Antiochus
Sydetes
,
Brother
to
her
Husband
Demetrius
:
So
Sydetes
was
acknowledged
King
of
the
Syrians
;
having
overcome
and
killed
in
Battle
Tryphon
,
who
pretended
to
the
Crown
of
Syria
,
after
he
had
killed
his
Pupil
,
young
Antiochus
.
Of
the
World
3866
,
before
Ch.
138.
Jonathas
had
been
murthered
by
this
Tryphon
;
Symon
,
Brother
to
Jonathas
;
who
succeeded
him
in
the
Principality
,
and
High-Priesthood
of
the
Jews
,
assisted
Sydetes
to
defeat
Tryphon
,
and
was
killed
a
while
after
by
his
Father-in-Law
Ptolomy
,
the
Son
of
Abobus
;
his
Son
John
Hircanus
succeeded
in
his
place
.
Of
the
World
3869
,
before
Ch.
135.
The
Romans
seized
on
the
Treasures
,
The
End
of
the
Kingdom
of
Pergamus
and
of
the
Kingdom
of
Attalus
,
the
last
King
of
Pergamus
,
under
pretence
he
had
made
them
his
Heirs
.
Scipio
Aemilianus
Africanus
,
added
to
his
Sur-name
that
of
Numantinus
;
having
taken
The
taking
of
Numantia
.
and
ruined
Numantia
,
the
only
City
in
Spain
,
had
given
Refuge
to
the
remaining
Party
of
the
Carthaginians
.
Of
the
World
3872
,
before
Ch.
132.
Demetrius
Nicator
,
set
at
Liberty
by
the
Parthians
,
killed
in
Battle
his
Brother
Sydetes
.
Kings
of
Syria
.
Afterwards
he
was
overcome
by
Sabynus
,
whom
Everietes
the
Second
,
had
sent
to
be
King
of
the
Parthians
,
at
their
Request
.
Of
the
World
3876.
before
Ch.
128.
Nicator
having
been
murthered
in
his
escape
,
by
his
Wife
Cleopatra
,
she
caused
her
Son
Antiochus
,
whom
she
had
by
Nicator
,
to
be
received
as
King
.
Afterwards
the
young
King
having
discovered
that
his
Mother
designed
to
have
poyson'd
him
,
forc'd
her
to
take
that
Poyson
she
had
prepared
for
him
.
Of
the
World
3882
,
before
Ch.
122.
In
Aegypt
,
Ptolomy
Everictes
,
called
also
Kings
of
Aegypt
.
Physcon
,
after
the
Death
of
Cleopatra
his
Wife
,
his
Sister
,
and
Sister-in-Law
,
married
the
young
Cleopatra
,
Daughter
of
the
other
Cleopatra
,
and
of
Phylometer
their
Brother
.
He
left
two
Sons
by
the
young
Cleopatra
;
which
were
Ptolomy
Laturus
,
and
Alexander
,
under
the
Tuition
of
their
Mother
.
Of
the
World
3888
,
before
Ch.
116.
Two
Antiochus's
,
one
Sur-named
Grypus
,
John
Hircan
took
this
occasion
to
set
at
liberty
his
Nation
;
seized
on
Samaria
,
and
ruined
the
Temple
,
which
Manasses
,
Brother
to
Jaddus
,
had
built
there
Two
hundred
Years
before
,
and
subdued
the
Idumeans
,
whom
he
compelled
to
be
circumcised
.
Of
the
World
3898
,
before
Christ
106.
After
his
Death
,
Judas
Aristobulus's
Son
,
The
first
King
of
the
Jews
after
their
Captivity
.
took
the
Title
of
King
.
His
Reign
was
short
;
for
he
died
about
a
Year
after
,
with
great
Regret
,
that
he
had
killed
his
Brother
Absalon
Antigonus
.
Alexander
Jamnes
,
whom
he
had
put
in
Prison
,
was
set
at
Liberty
,
and
plac'd
on
the
Throne
,
and
at
the
same
time
made
High-Priest
.
Of
the
World
3899.
before
Ch.
105.
Grypus
having
been
murthered
by
the
Treason
of
his
own
Subjects
,
and
Cyzicenus
killed
in
Battle
by
Seleucus
,
the
Son
of
Gryphus
;
and
Seleucus
likewise
slain
in
Battle
,
by
Philip
the
Son
of
Cyzicenus
,
(
Of
●●●gs
of
Syria
.
the
World
3907
,
before
Ch.
97.
)
the
Kingdom
was
disputed
between
that
Philip
,
and
Antiochus
Son
of
Seleucus
.
Of
the
World
3911
,
before
Ch.
93.
In
the
mean
time
the
Romans
had
past
the
Alps
,
subdued
the
Country
of
the
Allobroges
,
and
of
the
Saliens
,
with
that
part
of
the
Country
called
the
Roman
Province
,
and
Gallia
Narbonensis
.
These
happy
Successes
abroad
,
were
disturbed
by
intestine
Divisions
between
the
Senate
,
and
the
People
,
supported
by
their
Tribunes
,
Tiberius
,
and
Cains
Gracchus
;
who
there
lost
both
their
Lives
.
Marius
,
who
began
to
make
himself
Defeated
and
made
a
Prisoner
,
by
Marius
.
The
Defeat
of
the
Cimbrians
,
and
the
Teutons
.
Bellum
Sociale
.
him
in
Battle
.
This
Defeat
of
Jugurtha
was
attended
with
that
of
the
Cimbrians
and
Teutons
,
who
were
defeated
by
Marius
,
first
on
the
Banks
of
the
Rhone
;
and
after
that
,
in
Italy
.
The
same
Marius
made
an
end
also
of
the
War
in
Italy
,
called
Bellum
Sociale
;
because
many
People
of
the
adjacent
Country
had
made
a
League
against
the
Romans
,
demanding
a
Right
of
Pretension
to
the
Offices
and
Dignities
of
that
City
.
All
what
is
before-mentioned
in
the
Roman
Affairs
,
was
transacted
between
the
Year
629
,
and
663
,
from
the
Foundation
of
Rome
.
The
Syrians
wearied
with
the
Civil
Wars
between
their
last
Kings
,
the
Selucides
,
give
up
their
Kingdom
to
Tygranes
King
of
Armenia
.
Mithridates
King
of
Pontus
.
gave
the
Crown
to
Tygranes
King
of
Armehia
,
an
Ally
of
the
most
powerful
Mithridates
King
of
Pontus
;
who
having
attack'd
Nicomedes
King
of
Bythinia
,
and
Ariobarzanes
King
of
Cappadocia
,
Allies
of
the
Romans
,
occasioned
a
long
War
.
This
King
in
the
first
War
,
was
overcome
by
Sylla
;
who
gave
such
Conditions
of
Peace
,
to
the
Vanquish'd
,
as
he
pleased
▪
Then
Sylla
hastned
his
Return
to
Rome
,
in
order
to
oppose
the
Faction
of
Marsus
.
These
two
Competitors
being
so
powerful
The
first
Civil
War
among
the
Romans
.
in
the
Commonwealth
,
by
their
Ambition
,
occasioned
the
first
Civil
War
among
the
Romans
.
Marius
who
had
been
six
times
Consul
▪
overcome
and
killed
by
Sylla
,
p●rpetual
Dictator
.
His
Death
.
was
there
overcome
and
killed
by
Sylla
▪
who
became
Master
of
Rome
,
and
made
himself
perpetual
Dictator
;
yet
he
divested
himself
of
that
Sovereign
Dignity
sometime
before
his
Death
;
which
was
occasioned
by
the
lousie
Disease
.
Mithridates
having
renewed
the
War
▪
Th●
Second
War
against
Mithridates
,
overcome
by
Lucullus
.
Pompey'
s
Explo●●s
.
was
often
defeated
by
Lucullus
;
to
whom
Pompey
was
sent
to
succeed
,
to
carry
on
that
War
.
Pompey
had
already
gloriously
acquitted
himself
in
the
Civil
War
,
where
he
was
o●
Sylla's
Party
:
At
Twenty
four
Years
o●
Age
he
had
triumph'd
for
his
Victories
in
overcome
and
killed
.
Spain
,
where
he
overcame
and
killed
Sertorius
,
who
took
Marius's
part
:
He
had
drove
out
the
Gladiators
,
supported
by
the
Power
of
Spartacus
.
He
did
the
same
chief
of
the
Gladiators
.
The
Pyrates
defeated
.
to
the
Pyrates
of
Cilica
,
who
infested
the
Seas
.
The
like
good
Fortune
attended
him
in
the
War
against
Mithridates
:
He
forc'd
him
from
that
side
of
the
River
,
and
from
Tygris
;
where
he
was
at
last
reduc'd
to
that
Extremity
,
that
the
miserable
King
The
Death
of
Mithridates
.
forsaken
by
his
own
People
,
was
constrained
by
his
Son
Pharnaces
to
kill
himself
.
Pompey
having
likewise
reduced
Tygranes
King
of
Armenia
,
to
accept
those
Conditions
of
Peace
he
imposed
on
him
,
returning
into
Syria
,
stopt
at
Damas
,
and
there
Alexander
Jamne
,
and
of
Alexandra
King
and
Queen
of
the
Jews
.
This
Queen
,
after
the
Death
of
her
Husband
,
had
most
prudently
Governed
the
Kingdom
,
as
Guardianess
of
her
Children
for
the
space
of
Nine
Years
:
But
they
quarrelled
,
and
made
War
one
against
the
other
.
After
her
Death
,
Pompey
commanded
them
to
lay
down
their
Arms
,
and
imposed
certain
Conditions
;
which
not
being
observed
by
Aristobulus
,
Pompey
besieged
him
,
and
took
him
at
Jerusalem
,
and
brought
him
Prisoner
to
Rome
;
leaving
the
High-Priesthood
to
Hircan
,
forbidding
him
to
take
the
Name
of
King
.
He
put
the
Government
of
the
Kingdom
into
the
Hands
of
Antipater
,
the
Father
of
Herod
;
who
made
himself
a
while
after
so
Renowned
.
Of
the
World
3242
,
before
Ch.
62.
In
Aegypt
,
Alexander
having
killed
his
King
of
Aegypt
.
Mother
Cleopatra
,
who
was
so
indulgent
to
him
,
that
she
set
him
on
the
Throne
,
to
the
greatest
Injustice
to
her
eldest
Son
Lathurus
:
The
Aegyptians
set
him
up
,
after
they
had
expelled
the
other
.
Both
being
dead
,
Galinius
Pro-Consul
of
Syria
,
received
Orders
from
the
Senate
,
to
put
in
possession
of
that
Kingdom
Ptolomy
Auletes
,
Son
to
Lathurus
,
whom
the
Aegyptians
had
expelled
.
Crassus
plundered
the
Temple
of
Jerusalem
:
plunders
the
Temple
of
Jerusalem
.
is
overcome
and
killed
by
the
Parthians
.
Caius
Julius
Caesar
subdues
the
Gauls
.
The
Jews
did
artribute
for
that
Sacriledge
,
the
unhappy
Success
of
the
War
he
made
against
the
Parthians
;
where
he
,
and
his
Son
,
were
overcome
and
killed
.
C.
Julius
Caesar
,
after
his
first
Consulate
,
having
had
the
Government
of
Gaule-Cisalpine
,
subdued
the
Trans-Alpines
in
Nine
Years
time
.
The
Senate
being
jealous
of
his
growing
Power
,
commanded
him
to
disarm
;
upon
his
Refusal
he
was
declared
an
Enemy
to
the
Commonwealth
:
Which
occasioned
Of
the
World
3255
,
before
Ch.
49.
The
Senate
having
given
the
Command
of
their
Army
to
Pompey
;
upon
Caesar's
coming
he
was
forc'd
to
pass
the
Sea
to
Dyrachium
.
In
the
mean
time
he
made
himself
to
be
chose
Consul
at
Rome
,
then
passed
into
Consul
the
Second
time
.
Reduces
Spain
.
Spain
;
where
without
hardly
a
Blow
struck
he
forced
Afranius
,
and
Petreius
,
to
deliver
up
to
him
the
five
Legions
they
commanded
for
Pompey
:
And
the
like
Submission
was
shewn
by
Varro
,
who
commanded
a
Legion
for
the
same
Faction
,
which
lay
towards
the
Streights
of
Gades
,
in
that
Kingdom
.
At
his
Return
,
he
press'd
the
Siege
of
Marseilles
,
which
he
left
block'd
up
when
Takes
and
ruines
Marseilles
he
went
into
Spain
.
He
took
it
,
and
destroyed
it
,
making
that
miserable
City
an
Example
to
those
that
took
part
with
his
Enemies
.
Then
he
came
back
to
Rome
,
but
stayed
He
comes
back
co
Rome
.
no
longer
there
,
than
was
necessary
to
regulate
his
own
Affairs
:
So
he
went
to
Brundusium
,
and
from
thence
to
the
other
Passes
the
Sea
to
fight
Pompey
.
side
of
the
Sea
,
to
fight
Pompey
.
After
some
Skirmishes
between
the
two
Armies
,
the
Business
was
at
last
decided
in
the
Plains
of
Pharsalia
,
where
Pompey
was
The
Battle
of
Pharsalia
.
overcome
,
tho'
he
had
had
an
Army
far
more
numerous
than
that
of
Caesar's
.
Of
the
World
3956
,
before
Ch.
48.
Pompey
flying
after
this
great
Misfortune
to
the
Coasts
of
Aegypt
,
was
there
killed
Ptolomy
Denis
,
who
had
succeeded
his
Father
Auletes
.
Caesar
arriv'd
soon
after
in
Aegypt
,
where
arrives
in
Aegypt
.
by
his
Policy
and
Strength
,
he
defended
himself
against
the
Ambuscades
of
the
Aegyptians
:
And
after
an
open
War
had
been
declared
,
he
defeated
them
by
Sea
and
Land
;
their
young
King
being
killed
in
The
End
of
Ptolomy
in
Aegypt
.
Cleopatra
Queen
of
Aegypt
.
a
Land-Battle
.
Then
Caesar
falling
in
Love
with
Cleopatra
,
Sister
to
the
slain
King
,
made
her
Queen
of
Aegypt
,
tho'
he
might
have
reduc'd
it
to
a
Province
.
Pharnaces
,
the
Son
of
Mithridates
,
who
Caesar
returning
from
Aegypt
,
advanced
towards
him
,
and
ended
the
War
with
as
much
Facility
as
Expedition
:
So
that
he
writ
to
one
of
his
Friends
,
it
was
the
same
thing
for
him
,
To
come
,
to
see
,
and
to
overcome
.
In
his
Return
to
Rome
,
he
set
at
Liberty
the
Prince
Aristobulus
,
who
had
been
taken
by
Pompey
.
Caesar
likewise
assisted
him
with
some
Forces
,
in
order
to
put
himself
in
possession
of
the
Kingdom
of
the
Jews
:
But
having
been
poyson'd
by
the
Treachery
of
his
Enemies
,
his
eldest
Son
Alexander
fell
into
the
Hands
of
Scipio
;
who
cut
off
his
Head
at
Antioch
.
His
younger
Son
Antigonus
retired
to
the
Parthians
:
So
that
in
Judea
the
High-Priesthood
remaining
still
in
the
Hands
of
Hircanus
,
elder
Brother
to
the
deceased
Aristobulus
.
The
Political
Government
was
administred
by
Antipater
,
and
his
two
Sons
,
Phaselus
,
and
Herodes
.
Caesar
passed
over
into
Affrick
against
Cato
,
Scipio
,
Massinissa
King
of
Numidia
and
others
,
who
having
got
together
the
Remains
of
Pompeys's
Army
,
had
powerfully
renewed
the
War
in
those
parts
.
They
were
all
defeated
by
Caesar
near
Tapsus
;
The
Battle
of
Tapsus
.
his
Victory
was
so
great
,
that
the
chief
of
them
despairing
to
be
able
to
renew
Catos's
Death
.
The
Death
of
Massinissa
,
Paetreus
and
Scipio
.
the
War
,
killed
themselves
:
Cato
at
Utica
,
Massinissa
and
Petraeus
at
Cirta
,
the
capitol
City
in
Numidia
;
Scipio
at
Sea
finding
his
Vessel
taken
by
one
of
Caesars
.
Of
the
World
3959
,
before
Ch.
45.
The
Conqueror
being
returned
to
Rome
,
took
possession
of
his
fourth
Consulat
,
then
went
into
Spain
against
the
two
Sons
of
goes
into
Spain
.
Pompey
,
who
had
seized
of
that
Province
,
and
had
got
there
a
numerous
great
Army
.
The
decisive
Battle
was
fought
near
The
Battle
of
Munda
.
Munda
,
where
the
Eldest
of
the
two
Brothers
Cneius
Pompey
was
killed
with
a
Thousand
Knights
,
and
Thirty
Thousand
other
Romans
.
The
younger
Brother
Sextus
Pompeius
escapt
being
▪
reserved
for
another
Fortune
.
Caesar
returned
to
Rome
,
and
there
celebrated
s
Triumphs
.
five
Triumphs
,
first
of
the
Gaules
of
that
of
Aegypt
,
of
Pontus
,
of
Affrick
,
and
of
Spain
,
without
making
mention
of
the
Battle
of
Pharsalia
,
of
Tapsus
,
and
of
Munda
.
It
was
at
that
time
,
that
the
Calendar
Caesar
by
so
great
and
fortunate
Successes
being
Master
of
the
Common-wealth
,
the
Senate
conferred
on
him
the
highest
Honours
,
with
an
Absolute
Power
to
command
all
the
Roman
Empire
,
which
gave
occasion
of
the
Conspiracy
made
against
him
by
the
two
Brutuses
,
Marcus
and
Decimus
,
Caius
Cassius
,
and
others
of
the
chief
of
the
Nobility
who
killed
him
Parthyans
.
Of
the
World
3960
,
before
Ch.
44.
Octavius
Caesar
,
Grand
Son
to
Julia
,
And
mark
Anothony
united
.
Sister
of
Julius
Caesar
,
and
his
adopted
Son
,
took
the
Name
,
Inheritance
,
and
all
the
Rights
of
his
Father
,
and
maintained
it
with
the
help
of
Marcus
Antonius
,
the
zealous
Friend
of
Julius
Caesar
.
These
two
in
a
short
time
fell
out
.
Marcus
Antonius
having
besieged
Modena
,
the
Senate
gave
Octavius
a
Commission
to
raise
the
Siege
,
where
Decimus
Brutus
was
shut
up
.
Octavius
accomplisht
the
design
so
well
,
that
Anthony
being
overcome
,
overcome
at
Modena
,
and
retires
to
Lepidus
fled
into
Gaule
,
where
he
was
kindly
received
by
Lepidus
,
,
who
commanded
in
that
Province
.
Of
the
World
3961.
before
Ch.
43.
But
their
mutual
Interests
having
obliged
them
to
a
Reconciliation
,
in
order
to
revenge
the
Death
of
Caesar
,
and
to
oppose
the
power
of
his
Murtherers
favoured
by
the
Senate
;
these
three
Men
made
themselves
Masters
of
the
Republick
by
joining
together
,
and
forming
the
famous
Of
the
World
3962
,
before
Ch.
42.
Lepidus
one
of
the
Triumvirs
stayed
in
Italy
,
while
the
other
two
Octavius
and
Anothony
passed
the
Seas
to
make
War
against
Marcus
Brutus
,
and
Caius
Cassius
,
who
had
great
Forces
in
Greece
.
That
Affair
was
ended
in
a
Battle
near
Battle
of
Philippi
.
Philippi
in
Macedonia
;
Caius
Cassius
overcome
by
Anthony
killed
himself
,
fearing
the
same
fate
had
fallen
on
Brutus
his
Collegue
,
but
it
fell
out
contrary
,
he
having
Death
of
Cassius
and
Brutus
.
had
some
advantage
over
Octavius
:
But
the
next
day
the
two
Armys
again
joining
Battle
,
Brutus
was
defeated
,
and
killed
himself
in
Despair
.
Of
the
World
3964
,
before
Ch.
40.
After
this
Victory
the
two
Conquerers
Alliance
between
Octavius
and
Anthony
.
allied
themselves
by
Marriage
,
Octavius
Marrying
Antonia
Daughter
to
Anthony
,
and
Anthony
with
Octavia
,
Sister
to
Octavius
,
tho'
she
was
a
Widow
a
little
before
,
and
with
Child
by
Marcellus
her
first
Husband
.
These
two
Triumvers
having
little
regard
for
their
Colleague
Lepidus
,
divided
East
.
Of
the
World
3968
,
before
Ch.
36.
Sextus
Pompeius
had
considerable
Forces
,
Italy
.
Octavius
made
use
of
the
Forces
of
Lapidus
to
Defeat
Sextus
Pompeius
,
so
that
this
last
Son
of
Pompey
the
Great
,
being
forsaken
of
all
,
fled
into
Asia
,
where
he
fell
into
After
that
Octavius
having
corrupted
the
Army
of
Lepidus
,
this
Triumvir
was
reduct
,
being
abandoned
by
all
to
obey
Octavius
his
Command
who
banish'd
him
to
a
little
Island
in
the
Mediteranean
,
s
Death
.
where
he
died
an
Exile
.
Anthony
having
attackt
the
Parthians
,
War
a-against
the
Parthians
.
that
War
proved
fatal
to
him
,
for
he
there
lost
a
great
part
of
his
Army
,
yet
with
the
remainder
he
made
a
safe
and
honourable
Retreat
.
Antigonus
Son
to
Aristobulus
,
by
the
help
of
the
Parthians
,
was
establisht
in
Judea
,
in
the
time
of
the
civil
War
between
the
Romans
;
but
these
great
Disorders
being
some
what
appeased
,
Herod
favoured
by
Anthony
,
his
intimate
Friend
first
of
all
,
made
use
of
the
Forces
Ventidius
commanded
in
Syria
;
after
that
more
effectually
of
those
commanded
by
Sosius
,
with
which
he
besieged
and
took
Jerusalem
,
where
The
Death
of
Antigonus
.
Antigonus
was
,
who
falling
into
the
hands
of
his
Enemys
,
was
Beheaded
:
Whereupon
Herod
having
been
already
declared
King
of
the
Jews
.
King
of
the
Jews
by
the
Senate
,
establish'd
himself
in
that
Dignity
.
Anthony
fell
Passionately
in
Love
with
Cleopatra
,
in
Love
with
Cleopatra
.
past
his
time
at
Alexandria
,
in
a
shameful
manner
while
Octavius
was
preparing
to
make
War
against
him
,
under
pretence
of
the
high
Injury
his
Sister
Octavia
received
by
this
disloyal
Love
of
Anthony
her
Husband
.
At
last
the
business
being
come
to
an
open
Rupture
,
the
Affairs
ended
by
one
Naval
Battle
between
the
two
Parties
;
it
was
fought
in
view
of
the
Promontary
of
Actium
.
Anthony
lost
the
day
by
deserting
his
The
Battle
of
Actium
.
Fleet
to
follow
Cleopatra
,
who
retreated
with
her
ships
at
the
beginning
of
the
Fight
;
he
followed
her
to
Alexandria
,
whereupon
a
false
report
raised
by
her
means
,
that
she
had
killed
her self
,
gave
himself
a
mortal
Wound
,
but
being
immediately
The
Death
of
Anthony
.
after
assured
Cleopatra
was
living
,
he
caused
himself
to
be
carried
where
she
was
,
and
died
in
her
Arms.
So
Octavius
,
who
from
that
time
was
Master
of
the
Roman
Empire
.
called
Augustus
,
became
sole
Master
of
all
that
belonged
to
the
Republick
;
it
was
from
that
Battle
,
and
from
the
Death
of
Anthony
:
History
begins
to
reckon
the
Forty
Four
Years
that
Augustus
Reigned
alone
.
He
came
frequently
after
to
Alexandria
,
The
Death
of
Cleopatra
.
where
having
seized
on
Cleopatra
,
she
frustrated
his
Design
,
notwithstanding
all
the
care
he
took
to
preserve
her
Life
.
Intending
her
for
the
chief
Ornament
of
his
Triumph
;
to
avoid
which
,
she
killed
her self
,
applying
a
Serpent
to
her
Arm
,
which
was
brought
to
her
in
a
Basket
of
Figs.
In
her
,
ended
the
Line
of
the
Ptolomys
who
had
Reigned
in
Aegypt
since
the
The
end
of
the
Kingdom
of
Aegypt
.
death
of
Alexander
to
that
time
,
the
Kingdom
being
reduc'd
to
a
Provinee
by
Augustus
.
He
employed
the
two
following
years
to
set
in
order
the
Affairs
of
the
East
;
then
he
returned
to
Rome
,
where
he
celebrated
three
Triumphs
,
that
of
Actium
,
of
Dalmatia
,
his
Triumphs
.
and
of
Alexandria
,
with
that
vast
Magnificence
which
had
never
been
shown
before
.
After
he
had
been
powerfully
setled
in
the
Soveraignty
,
he
exprest
a
desire
to
Of
the
World
3977
,
before
Ch.
27.
He
did
not
abuse
his
Power
,
for
his
Government
The
Reputation
he
required
by
the
clemency
of
his
Government
,
was
spread
about
even
to
all
Foreign
Nations
,
of
This
great
prosperity
was
only
disturbed
by
some
small
losses
on
the
Frontiers
of
the
Empire
.
The
most
considerable
,
and
which
most
afflicted
him
,
was
the
loss
of
the
Legions
,
commanded
by
Varus
in
The
los●
of
Varus
.
Germany
,
who
were
surpized
and
cut
in
pieces
by
the
Germans
.
But
Augustus
so
happy
in
all
other
respects
,
The
inward
troubles
of
Augustus
.
had
great
Domestick
Troubles
,
by
the
irregular
conduct
of
the
two
Julias
,
Mother
and
Daughter
:
One
his
Daughter
,
the
other
his
Grand-daughter
,
by
the
Death
of
his
two
Grand-sons
,
Caius
and
Lucius
,
whom
he
had
adopted
,
and
as
it
was
thought
,
designed
them
for
his
Successors
to
the
Empire
;
also
by
the
Death
of
Drusus
,
Son
to
his
Wife
Livia
,
whom
he
had
Married
to
his
Neice
the
Young
Antonia
.
In
fine
,
by
the
conduct
of
his
dear
Livia
,
who
was
suspected
to
have
contrived
the
Death
of
his
two
Grandsons
,
to
advance
her
own
Son
Tiberius
.
All
these
things
happened
in
the
space
of
22
Years
,
from
the
7th
Cons●lat
of
Augustus
,
to
the
end
of
that
Age
,
which
was
the
sixth
of
the
World
,
and
the
beginning
of
the
seventh
Age
of
the
World
.
Of
the
World
3999
,
before
Ch.
5.
The
Birth
of
our
Saviour
Jesus
Christ
,
The
Birth
of
Jesus
Christ
.
the
Son
of
God
,
God
blessed
for
ever
,
made
Man
to
save
us
,
Born
of
a
Vingin
in
Bethlem
of
Judah
.
Of
the
World
,
4000.
Herod
had
been
of
Anthonys's
Party
,
yet
the
Great
.
having
found
means
to
gain
the
favour
of
Augustus
the
Emperor
,
had
fixt
him
in
the
This
King
though
he
was
fortunate
in
Of
the
World
4003
▪
before
Ch.
1.
The
beginning
of
the
vulgar
Christian
The
Christian
Aera
.
Aera
.
The
First
Age.
AUgustus
banish'd
Archelaus
,
Son
to
Herod
President
of
Indea
▪
to
Vienna
in
Gaule
,
and
put
Judea
under
the
Government
of
a
President
;
the
first
who
had
that
charge
was
Coponius
a
Roman
Knight
.
From
Christ
3.
Augustus
made
the
last
numbring
of
the
He
died
a
little
while
after
in
the
77th
Julius
Caesar
.
From
Christ
13.
Among
the
rare
Qualities
of
Julius
and
Augustus
,
they
were
both
Learned
,
and
very
great
favourers
of
Learning
;
under
Terentius
Varo
the
most
Learned
of
the
Romans
.
Vitruvius
Prince
of
Architects
,
denies
of
Halicarnassus
,
and
Titus
Livius
Historians
,
who
writ
the
Roman
History
;
the
first
in
Greek
,
the
second
in
Latin
.
Strabo
the
Geographer
;
Catullus
,
Tibullus
,
Prospertius
,
Virgil
,
Cornelius
,
Gallus
,
Horace
,
Ovid
,
Poets
▪
Crispus
,
Salustus
,
Historians
,
and
Orators
;
Cicero
Orator
and
Philosopher
.
Tiberius
the
Son
of
Livia
,
the
Wife
of
Augustus
when
he
adopted
him
,
obliged
him
to
adopt
Germanicus
Son
to
Drusus
,
his
Death
.
Brother
to
Tiberius
,
and
Nephew
to
Augustus
by
Antonia
,
Daughter
of
Octavius
,
and
of
Mark
Anthony
.
But
Tiberius
being
jealous
of
the
Affection
the
Romans
had
for
Germanicus
,
Poisoned
him
.
Tiberius
wearied
with
the
Fatigue
of
retires
to
Caprea
.
Elius
Sejanus
.
Governing
,
put
it
into
the
hands
of
Eliu●
Sejanus
his
Favorite
,
and
retired
into
the
Isle
of
Caprea
,
where
he
gave
himself
wholly
up
to
all
kinds
of
infamous
Debaucheries
.
The
Holy
Evangelists
have
mentioned
nothing
since
the
Birth
of
our
Saviour
Jesus
Christ
,
but
of
his
flight
into
Aegypt
of
his
return
to
Nazareth
,
and
of
finding
Him
at
the
Age
of
Twelve
Years
Old
among
the
Doctors
of
the
Law
in
the
Temple
of
Jerusalem
,
they
began
to
write
more
perticularly
his
History
from
his
Baptism
,
and
the
Preaching
of
St.
John
the
Baptist
,
relating
all
along
what
our
Saviour
did
,
and
spoke
from
that
time
to
his
Death
;
and
then
of
the
glorious
circumstances
of
his
Resurrection
,
and
at
last
of
his
Triumphant
Ascention
into
Heaven
.
Tiberus
abandoned
Elius
Sejanus
to
the
fury
of
the
Roman
People
,
who
could
no
longer
endure
the
Injustice
and
Cruelties
of
this
insolent
Favorite
.
The
Senate
The
Death
of
Sejanus
.
condemned
him
to
die
,
and
his
Body
to
be
draged
through
the
Streets
.
From
Christ
36.
Not
long
after
,
Tiberius
,
worn
out
with
his
Death
.
old
Age
and
Debaucheries
died
,
leaving
no
Issue
;
so
Caius
Caligula
,
the
Son
of
The
Martirdom
of
St.
Steven
,
the
Baptizing
of
the
Eunuch
of
Candace
Queen
of
Ethiopia
;
the
Conversion
of
the
Samaritans
and
of
Saul
,
called
afterwards
Paul
,
are
to
be
read
in
the
Acts
of
the
Apostles
.
From
Christ
39.
Caligula
discovering
his
own
cruel
The
Horid
Life
of
Caligula
.
Nature
,
gave
himself
up
to
all
kinds
of
Debaucheries
,
Injustice
and
Cruelty
,
and
to
such
an
insolent
Pride
,
that
he
caused
Adoration
and
Sacrifice
to
be
made
to
his
Images
:
He
likewise
commanded
one
to
be
set
up
in
the
Temple
of
Jerusalem
,
which
occasioned
that
miserable
Nation
to
be
reduc'd
to
a
most
lamentable
condition
.
At
length
the
World
not
being
able
longer
to
endure
this
Monster
,
he
From
Christ
40.
Claudius
his
Uncle
,
Brother
to
Germanicus
his
Successor
.
succeeded
him
.
Agrippa
Son
to
Aristobulus
,
and
Grandson
King
of
the
Jews
.
to
Herod
the
Great
,
had
been
Favorite
to
Galigua
;
he
was
also
in
great
favour
with
Claudius
,
so
that
he
possest
all
that
his
Grand-father
enjoyed
with
the
Title
of
the
Kingdom
excepting
Cesarea
,
where
the
Roman
Governor
made
his
usual
Residence
.
From
Christ
42.
This
King
being
come
to
Jerusalem
,
did
The
Death
of
St.
James
.
Agrippas
'
s
Death
.
there
cut
off
St.
James
his
Head
,
and
imprisoned
St.
Peter
;
concerning
which
,
with
the
unfortunate
end
of
Agrippa
,
is
fully
set
down
in
the
Acts
of
the
Apostles
.
Claudius
subdued
Great
Britain
and
Triumph'd
for
it
.
From
Christ
.
43.
The
Faithful
Disciples
of
Jesus
Christ
The
nam●
of
Christians
.
The
Voyages
of
St.
Paul
and
Barnabas
.
encreasing
,
began
to
be
called
Christians
,
which
first
happened
at
Antioach
;
St.
Paul
and
St.
Barnabas
having
the
care
of
that
flourishing
Church
.
The
Voyages
of
those
two
Apostles
,
the
Miracles
that
attended
them
;
their
Preaching
with
their
happy
Success
,
are
at
large
described
in
the
Acts
of
the
Apostles
,
where
likewise
is
to
be
read
the
dispute
of
the
pretended
necessity
of
Circumcision
,
which
was
decided
by
the
Apostles
,
and
the
Elders
of
the
Church
of
Jerusalem
at
a
Counsel
held
there
.
From
Christ
49.
Claudius
died
Poisoned
by
his
second
The
Death
of
Claudius
.
Wife
Agripina
,
who
was
his
Neice
:
She
had
by
her
first
Husband
Domitius
,
a
Son
called
Nero
,
who
by
the
help
and
means
his
Success●r
.
of
his
Mother
,
came
to
be
Emperor
;
the
Mother
and
the
Son
Poisoned
Britanicus
,
whom
Claudius
had
by
Messalina
his
first
Wife
.
The
Voyages
and
Travels
of
St.
Paul
,
and
his
Imprisonment
,
are
at
large
set
down
in
the
Acts
of
the
Apostles
.
From
Christ
58.
Young
Agrippa
,
Son
to
him
who
died
,
King
of
the
Jews
.
struck
by
an
Angel
,
was
plac'd
on
the
Throne
of
his
Father
,
by
Nero
:
This
young
King
took
away
the
High-Priesthood
from
Ananias
,
because
he
had
put
to
Death
St.
James
,
the
Son
of
Alpheus
,
The
Death
of
St.
James
the
Son
of
Alpheus
.
whose
Sanctity
was
so
highly
revered
by
the
Jews
,
that
Josephus
attributes
to
his
Death
,
all
the
misfortunes
that
happened
to
that
Nation
.
Nero
,
who
had
appeared
Wise
,
Just
s
Debauches
and
Cruelties
.
and
Clement
for
the
first
Five
Years
of
his
Reign
,
afterwards
gave
himself
up
to
all
kind
of
Impieties
,
Injustice
,
and
Cruelties
;
killed
his
Wife
Octavia
,
and
Seneca
his
Tutor
,
with
many
other
persons
of
Quality
,
In
the
mean
time
Corbulon
maintained
Exploits
in
Armenia
.
with
Glory
,
the
Honour
of
the
Roman
Empire
in
Armenia
,
and
forced
Tyridates
,
In
Great
Britain
the
Romans
did
not
succeed
The
War
in
Great
Britain
.
Bonduca
.
so
happily
;
for
the
Britains
revolted
under
the
Conduct
of
their
Queen
Bonduca
,
and
though
this
brave
Princess
was
killed
in
a
Battle
,
the
Peace
made
afterwards
was
most
shameful
to
the
Romans
▪
From
Christ
61.
Nero
burnt
Rome
,
and
accused
the
Christians
to
have
been
the
Incendiaries
:
And
under
that
pretence
,
raised
a
most
cruel
Persecutes
the
Christians
.
The
War
against
the
Jews
.
Persecution
against
them
.
From
Christ
65.
The
War
against
the
Jews
began
upon
the
occasion
of
opposing
the
Roman
Officers
,
who
exacted
very
great
Tributes
from
that
miserable
Nation
.
Cestius
Gallus
besieged
Jerusalem
,
took
The
Siege
of
Jerusalem
.
the
lower
part
of
the
City
;
but
on
a
sudden
he
raised
the
Siege
,
without
any
apparent
Cause
:
But
Heaven
decreed
it
so
,
to
save
the
Christian
Church
,
which
retired
for
safety
to
a
little
Village
called
Pella
,
a
little
beyond
the
River
Jordan
.
From
Christ
66.
In
the
mean
time
Nero
went
into
Greece
,
Aegrean
.
From
Christ
67.
Upon
the
News
of
the
Revolt
of
his
Armies
in
the
West
,
he
returned
to
Rome
;
where
finding
himself
at
last
abandoned
,
even
by
all
the
World
,
he
fled
basely
,
then
fell
into
Despair
,
stabb'd
himself
,
and
s
Death
.
died
.
From
Christ
68.
Sergius
Galba
,
already
proclaimed
Emperor
his
Successor
.
by
the
Army
,
in
Spain
,
and
in
Gaul
,
came
to
Rome
,
and
was
there
received
as
Emperor
,
by
the
Senate
,
and
the
People
of
Rome
.
Most
Ecclesiastick
Writers
remark
,
about
this
time
the
Martyrdom
of
St.
Peter
,
and
St.
Paul
.
It
is
most
certain
,
that
they
sealed
their
Faith
and
Doctrine
,
by
the
effusion
of
their
Blood
;
but
cannot
tell
exactly
in
what
Year
.
Clementius
Romanus
,
is
the
only
ancient
Writer
,
who
mentions
their
Martyrdom
,
says
nothing
more
in
his
Epistle
to
the
Corinthians
,
but
that
they
suffered
under
the
Emperors
,
without
naming
which
of
them
.
From
Christ
69.
Galba
aged
Seventy
four
Years
,
having
not
Reigned
one
compleat
Year
,
was
killed
killed
by
Otho
his
Successor
by
Otho
;
who
by
that
means
seized
on
the
Empire
,
yet
Reigned
a
shorter
time
than
his
Predecessor
:
For
Vitellius
being
proclaimed
Emperor
by
the
Army
in
Germany
,
being
come
into
Italy
,
the
two
Competitors
fought
a
Battle
at
Brebia
,
in
Gaule-Cisalpine
;
where
Otho
being
worsted
,
would
overcome
and
killed
.
not
tempt
his
Fortune
a
second
time
,
but
killed
himself
,
and
left
Vitellius
Master
of
the
Empire
.
From
Christ
70.
But
the
Armies
of
the
East
having
given
up
the
Empire
to
their
General
Vespatian
,
his
Lieutenants
in
Italy
,
pressed
Vitellius
so
forcibly
,
that
having
defeated
his
Vespatian
coming
into
Italy
,
and
finding
Vespatian
,
in
Nero's
Reign
,
had
begun
a
The
War
against
the
Jews
.
War
against
the
Jews
:
He
had
defeated
their
Forces
in
the
Field
,
took
all
their
Towns
,
except
Jerusalem
,
which
he
besieged
:
Coming
into
Italy
,
he
left
his
Son
Titus
to
make
an
end
of
that
War
;
which
The
Ruine
of
Jerusalem
.
he
did
,
by
taking
,
and
destroying
Jerusalem
.
The
dreadful
Calamities
that
happened
to
that
miserable
City
,
during
the
Siege
,
by
the
unnatural
Divisions
of
their
Fellow-Citizens
;
with
the
rest
of
that
lamentable
Tragick
Story
,
may
be
read
with
horror
in
Josephus's
Book
,
who
was
an
Eye-witness
of
the
Ruine
of
his
Country
.
The
Roman
Historians
make
mention
of
The
Triumph
of
Titus
.
the
magnificent
Triumph
Titus
made
,
at
his
Return
to
Rome
.
From
Christ
71.
Vespatian
Reigned
Nine
Years
;
worthy
his
Death
.
of
great
Praise
in
all
things
,
except
his
A●●rice
.
His
Son
Titus
,
stil'd
,
The
Delight
of
Mankind
,
his
Successor
.
succeeded
him
.
While
he
applied
himself
to
make
his
Reign
perfectly
happy
,
a
dreadful
Fire
wasted
Rome
,
and
another
at
Campania
,
by
the
Fire
broke
out
at
Vesuvius
.
These
two
Misfortunes
gave
occasion
to
the
good
Emperor
,
to
bestow
his
Liberality
to
a
great
Number
of
miserable
People
,
whom
these
Accidents
had
reduc'd
to
extream
Poverty
.
From
Christ
79.
Titus
having
Reigned
but
two
Years
,
died
,
bewailing
himself
,
that
his
Life
was
s
Death
.
taken
away
so
soon
,
protesting
he
had
done
but
one
thing
to
be
repented
of
:
Which
made
some
believe
,
that
it
was
to
have
associated
his
Brother
Domitian
to
the
his
Successor
Empire
;
who
was
endowed
with
as
many
ill
Qualities
,
as
Titus
was
possest
with
good
ones
.
He
was
covetous
,
unjust
,
and
most
He
put
to
Death
a
great
Number
of
the
Noblest
Citizens
,
and
plundered
the
Goods
of
the
richest
Families
.
From
Christ
81.
He
raised
up
a
bloody
Persecution
among
Bishops
of
Rome
.
gave
the
Example
of
a
constant
Faith
to
their
Flocks
,
sealing
it
by
shedding
of
their
Blood
.
From
Christ
83.
The
Ecclesiastical
History
sets
down
the
Martyrdom
of
St.
John
the
Evangelist
,
at
the
Evangelist
.
that
time
:
He
was
brought
from
Asia
to
Rome
,
where
being
thrown
into
a
Cauldron
of
boiling
Oyl
,
he
came
out
of
it
safe
and
well
.
He
was
banish'd
to
the
Isle
of
Patmos
.
About
the
end
of
Domitian's
Reign
,
Anacletus
Bishop
of
Rome
.
also
received
the
Crown
of
Martyrdom
.
From
Christ
90.
A
Paper
,
containing
the
List
of
those
whom
Domitian
intended
to
put
to
Death
,
fallen
by
chance
into
the
Hands
of
his
Wife
;
she
seeing
her
Name
at
the
Head
of
it
,
prevented
his
Design
,
by
causing
him
to
be
killed
by
those
whom
he
had
his
Death
.
destined
for
Death
.
From
Christ
96.
Nerva
,
his
Successor
,
a
Person
of
high
his
Successor
.
Desert
,
was
proclaimed
Emperor
by
the
Conspirators
,
and
received
with
great
Joy
by
the
Senate
and
People
.
He
Reigned
like
a
wise
and
just
Prince
,
one
Year
and
four
Months
;
at
the
end
of
which
he
died
,
Aged
Sixty
six
Years
,
leaving
His
Death
.
Trajan
his
Successor
.
the
Empire
to
Trajan
,
whom
he
Adopted
.
The
Ecclesiastical
History
makes
the
Death
of
St.
John
the
Evangelist
to
happen
The
Death
of
St.
John
the
Evangelist
.
at
the
end
of
that
Age
:
Yet
there
is
no
Certainty
of
the
Time
of
his
Death
,
any
more
than
of
the
rest
of
the
Apostles
.
The
Learned
Men
of
this
Age
,
besides
Persius
,
Propertius
,
Seneca
the
Tragedian
,
Seneca
the
Philosopher
,
Petronius
Arbiter
Silius
Italicus
,
Martial
,
Juvenal
,
Statius
,
Pliny
the
Ancient
,
Quintilian
the
Orator
,
Strabo
the
Historian
and
Geographer
.
Likewise
Pomponius
Mela
,
and
Solinus
.
Among
the
Christians
,
Clement
Bishop
of
Rome
,
was
Author
of
an
Epistle
to
the
Corinthians
,
which
is
extant
.
There
are
also
some
Epistles
under
the
Name
of
Ignatius
,
Bishop
of
Antioch
:
Yet
many
learned
Criticks
doubt
of
their
Truth
.
There
is
one
of
Polycarpus
,
Bishop
of
Smirna
,
to
the
Philippians
.
The
Hereticks
of
that
Age
were
the
Nicholaits
,
whose
Author
was
never
known
.
Menander
the
Disciple
of
Simon
the
Magician
.
Cerinthus
and
Elion
,
Enemies
to
the
Divinity
of
Jesus
Christ
.
The
Second
Age
BEgins
with
the
Persecution
Trajan
raised
The
Christians
persecuted
.
Clement
Bishop
of
Rome
.
against
the
Christians
.
Clement
,
Bishop
of
Rome
,
after
fifteen
Years
Confinement
to
Chersonesus
Taurick
,
received
there
the
Crown
of
Martyrdom
.
From
Christ
101.
Trajan
spent
the
five
following
Years
in
The
War
against
the
Daces
.
the
War
against
the
Daces
.
It
proved
a
very
glorious
War
to
him
,
having
overcome
many
times
that
Nation
;
insomuch
,
that
their
King
Decebalus
killed
himself
out
of
Despair
.
From
Christ
106.
Pliny
the
younger
,
Pro-Consul
of
Bythinia
,
writ
in
favour
of
the
Christians
3
▪
yet
the
Persecution
continued
against
them
.
Ignatius
,
the
Colleague
of
Evodius
,
in
the
Episcopal
See
of
Antioch
,
being
brought
to
From
Christ
107.
Trajan
employed
the
nine
following
Years
in
the
War
against
the
Parthians
;
War
against
the
Parthians
.
Trajan'
s
Conquests
.
over
whom
,
and
their
Allies
,
he
conquered
Mesopotamia
,
Armenia
,
part
of
Arabia
,
and
all
that
is
beyond
Tygris
,
even
to
India
:
But
finding
it
was
impossible
to
keep
all
those
Countries
,
he
restored
to
the
Parthians
all
that
lay
beyond
Tygris
;
giving
them
for
their
King
Parthamasparus
,
of
the
Blood
of
the
Arsacides
,
on
whom
he
plac'd
,
with
his
own
Hands
,
the
Diadem
;
after
he
had
obliged
him
to
swear
Fealty
to
the
Romans
.
From
Christ
116.
Evaristus
Bishop
of
Rome
,
having
been
Bishops
of
Rome
.
Crowned
Martyr
in
the
Eighth
Year
of
this
Age
:
In
which
time
also
his
Successor
Alexander
had
the
same
Happiness
.
Trajan
returning
from
all
his
Conquests
died
at
Selinonta
in
Cilicia
.
With
his
great
s
Death
.
good
Qualities
,
he
was
endowed
with
no
small
Vices
:
For
he
was
given
to
Drunkenness
,
and
to
most
abominable
Sins
against
Nature
,
and
was
very
cruel
against
the
Christians
.
From
Christ
1117.
The
Learned
Men
in
his
time
,
were
Suctonius
,
Florus
,
the
two
Historians
,
Aulus
Gellius
,
Lucius
Epictetus
,
an
excellent
Moral
Philosopher
,
and
Galen
the
famous
Physician
.
Aelius
Adrianus
,
Adopted
by
Trajan
,
succeeded
Successor
to
Trajan
.
him
in
the
Empire
.
In
the
Persecution
which
he
carried
on
against
the
Christians
,
Sixtus
Bishop
of
Rome
,
Successor
to
Bishops
of
Rome
.
Alexander
,
was
enrolled
among
the
Martyrs
.
From
Christ
120.
The
Roman
Empire
flourishing
in
Peace
,
Adrian
took
a
Journey
to
visit
all
his
Provinces
.
While
he
was
in
the
Eastern
parts
,
he
rebuilt
Jerusalem
,
and
called
it
Aelia
,
And
to
express
the
like
scorn
and
hatred
towards
the
Christians
,
he
also
built
a
Temple
in
Venus
on
Mount
Calvary
;
and
another
to
Adonis
at
Bethlem
,
in
the
same
place
where
Jesus
Christ
was
born
.
From
Christ
135.
Adrian
died
of
a
Bloody-flux
.
His
good
s
Death
.
Qualities
were
defiled
by
the
same
Vices
that
dishonoured
the
Reputation
of
his
Predecessor
.
Antinous
,
a
Boy
whom
he
loved
,
being
dead
,
he
was
so
shameless
to
make
his
Subjects
pay
him
Divine
Worship
.
From
Christ
138.
Titus
Aurelius
Antoninus
,
Adopted
by
Adrian
,
his
Successor
.
succeeded
him
:
He
was
Sur-named
Pius
,
by
reason
of
his
sweet
Disposition
and
Goodness
.
Nevertheless
,
the
Persecution
continuing
,
many
Christians
suffered
Martyrdom
;
and
among
the
rest
,
Thelesphorus
Bishops
of
Rome
.
Bishop
of
Rome
,
Successor
to
Sixtus
and
Higinus
,
and
after
him
,
Pius
,
the
Successor
of
Higinus
.
From
Christ
150.
At
length
Antoninus
,
perswaded
of
the
Innocency
of
the
Christians
,
caused
the
Persecution
to
cease
;
moved
to
it
by
two
excellent
Apologies
,
address'd
to
him
by
Justin
the
Christian
Philosopher
.
From
Christ
151.
The
Peace
of
the
Church
,
as
it
was
outwardly
disturb'd
,
so
it
was
inwardly
perplex'd
by
Hereticks
;
that
is
to
say
,
by
the
Tatien
,
Author
of
the
Encratites
,
or
Continents
,
Montanus
,
the
Disciple
of
Tatien
,
with
Papius
,
Bishop
of
Hieropolis
,
with
his
Chiliasts
,
had
less
dangerous
Opinions
.
Antoninus
died
,
Aged
more
than
Seventy
●
Death
Years
.
From
Christ
261.
Marcus
Aurelius
,
whom
Antoninus
had
Bishop
of
Rome
.
Adopted
;
and
Lucius
Verus
,
Adopted
by
Aurelius
,
succeeded
him
.
Anicetus
Bishop
of
Rome
,
Justin
the
Apologist
for
the
Christians
,
with
a
great
Number
of
others
,
were
Crowned
Martyrs
,
in
the
Persecution
Marcus
Aurelius
raised
up
against
them
.
From
Christ
162.
War
against
the
Parthians
.
In
the
beginning
of
his
Reign
,
he
had
sent
his
Colleague
to
make
War
against
the
Parthians
;
but
Lucius
Verus
,
a
debauch'd
Man
,
staying
at
Antioch
to
take
his
Pleasures
,
sent
his
Lieutenants
upon
that
Expedition
;
which
proved
very
successful
to
the
Romans
;
the
Parthians
having
been
defeated
in
many
Rencounters
.
From
Christ
165.
Polycarpus
Bishop
of
Smirna
,
and
Disciple
In
like
manner
suffered
Photinus
Bishop
Martyrs
of
Lyons
.
of
Lyons
;
where
many
of
his
Flock
,
instructed
by
him
in
their
Faith
,
received
the
same
Happiness
.
From
Christ
167.
Lucius
Verus
died
as
he
came
back
from
s
Death
.
Illyria
,
with
Marcus
Aurelius
.
After
his
Death
,
Marcus
Aurelius
found
him
better
dispos'd
to
receive
the
Apologies
presented
Bishops
of
Rome
.
where
Soter
,
Bishop
,
and
Successor
to
Anicetus
,
suffered
Martyrdom
.
From
Christ
170.
The
Persecution
,
at
length
,
wholly
ceased
,
This
Legion
was
called
the
Thunderers
;
Romans
.
From
Christ
173.
Nevertheless
Aurelius
was
forc'd
to
quit
that
War
,
in
order
to
compose
a
Civil
Aurelius
having
happily
concluded
it
,
The
Exploit
of
Marcus
Aurelius
.
return'd
to
the
Northern
Parts
,
against
the
Germans
,
Panonians
,
and
Sarmatians
;
all
which
he
overcame
with
great
Glory
.
He
died
as
he
lived
,
with
that
Constancy
s
Death
.
and
Resolution
,
worthy
a
Stoick
Philosopher
,
as
he
profess'd
himself
to
be
.
From
Christ
180.
His
Son
Commodus
succeeded
him
in
the
s
Son
and
Successor
.
Empire
,
but
not
in
his
Vertues
.
The
first
five
Years
of
his
Reign
,
were
only
remarkable
for
excessive
Debaucheries
.
From
Christ
185.
However
,
the
Church
enjoying
Peace
.
Eleutherius
,
Successor
to
Soter
Bishop
of
Bishops
of
Rome
.
Rome
,
died
of
a
Natural
Death
.
He
was
the
first
Bishop
of
that
City
,
who
died
so
.
Many
Hereticks
disturbed
this
outward
Adamites
,
Abelites
,
Sethites
,
Ophytes
,
and
Cainites
,
with
others
more
dangerous
;
as
those
of
Theod●sien
,
of
Praxeus
,
Hermogenes
,
and
of
Artem●n
,
Enemies
to
the
Divinity
of
Jesus
Christ
.
Tertullian
,
a
Priest
of
Lyons
,
and
Irenaeus
,
The
Learned
Men
who
flourish'd
since
Trajan
to
this
time
,
were
Appian
,
Aelian
,
Pausanias
,
Justin
the
Abreviator
of
Trogus
Pompeius
,
Historians
.
Ptolomy
,
the
Geographer
.
Diogenes
Laertius
,
Athneus
,
Apuleus
,
Julius
Pollux
,
Maximus
of
Tyre
,
Rhetoricians
,
and
Philosophers
.
Marullus
the
Poet.
Among
the
Christians
Egesipus
,
the
Historian
.
In
the
last
Seven
Years
of
Commodus
,
the
Empire
was
rendred
desolate
by
the
Plague
and
Famine
;
and
Rome
particularly
by
a
horrible
Fire
,
and
by
a
terrible
Earthquake
.
This
Monster
of
a
Prince
,
being
not
in
the
least
reclaimed
by
all
these
Calamities
,
still
persevered
in
his
most
dissolute
Debauches
,
till
the
World
being
no
longer
able
to
suffer
them
,
he
was
poyson'd
,
and
s
Death
.
then
strangled
by
a
Faction
of
his
own
Domesticks
.
From
Christ
192.
Helvius
Pertinax
,
chosen
by
the
Conspirators
his
Successor
.
to
succeed
him
,
was
received
with
Joy
by
the
Senate
and
People
,
by
reason
of
his
good
Qualities
,
which
recompenc'd
the
Meanness
of
his
Birth
:
But
the
Praetorian
Bands
,
suffering
with
Regret
,
the
want
of
those
licentious
Liberties
,
to
which
they
had
been
accustomed
during
the
former
Reign
,
killed
him
within
less
than
After
that
,
the
Murtherers
retired
,
and
fortified
themselves
in
their
Camp
,
crying
out
,
That
the
Empire
was
to
be
sold
:
For
in
effect
,
they
bestowed
it
on
Didius
Julianus
,
his
Successor
.
who
gave
them
more
Money
than
was
offered
them
by
his
Competitor
Sulpitius
,
Son-in-Law
to
Pertinax
:
So
the
Senate
and
People
chose
an
Emperor
after
this
manner
,
who
in
himself
was
very
debauch'd
.
From
Christ
193.
In
the
mean
time
,
three
Generals
of
the
Armies
were
proclaimed
Emperors
in
three
Pescenius
Niger
,
in
Syria
;
Albinus
,
in
Great
Brittain
;
Septimus
Severus
,
in
Illyria
,
and
Panonia
.
Severus
being
more
politick
than
the
others
,
came
into
Italy
,
with
design
(
as
he
said
)
to
incite
the
People
to
Revenge
the
Death
of
Pertinax
.
The
Senate
,
encouraged
by
his
Conduct
,
Arraigned
,
and
Condemned
Didius
Julianus
,
who
was
executed
;
The
Death
of
Didius
Julianus
.
Severus
Emperor
.
so
that
Severus
coming
to
Rome
,
was
there
received
,
and
acknowledged
Emperour
,
by
the
Senate
and
People
.
The
Year
following
he
went
into
the
East
against
Niger
,
who
was
kill'd
,
after
The
Death
of
Niger
.
he
had
been
overcome
in
a
Battle
in
Cilicia
.
From
Christ
194.
At
that
time
there
arose
a
Dispute
touching
The
Dispute
about
Easter-Day
.
the
Day
of
the
Celebration
of
Easter
,
between
Victor
Bishop
of
Rome
,
and
the
Bishops
of
Asia
:
The
Bishop
of
Rome
would
have
it
celebrated
the
Sunday
after
the
14th
of
the
New
Moon
of
March
.
The
others
,
to
be
celebrated
on
the
14th
of
that
Moon
,
precisely
on
that
Day
of
the
Week
it
should
happen
:
From
thence
they
were
called
,
the
Quarto
Decimans
.
Tho'
the
Business
was
of
no
great
Importance
,
yet
the
learned
Church-men
were
so
inflamed
by
the
Dispute
,
that
reciprocal
Excommunations
past
between
Victor
Bishop
of
Rome
,
and
the
Asian
Bishops
.
From
Christ
197.
Tho'
Severus
was
overcome
by
Niger
,
yet
he
had
the
good
Fortune
to
defeat
Albinus
,
who
afterwards
killed
himself
near
Th●
Death
of
Albinus
Lyons
;
the
Battle
between
them
was
so
bloody
,
that
the
River
Arar
thereby
changed
its
Colour
,
and
was
since
called
Sangone
,
and
by
abbreviation
Saone
.
From
Christ
198.
The
City
of
Lyons
was
of
Albinus's
side
,
even
all
the
Inhabitants
were
Christians
.
Severus
took
that
occasion
to
persecute
persecutes
the
Christians
.
St.
Ireneus
Martyr
.
the
Faithful
.
He
put
to
Death
a
great
Number
at
Lyons
,
and
among
them
their
holy
Bishop
Ireneus
.
Severus
spent
the
two
last
Years
of
this
Age
,
in
making
War
against
the
Parthians
;
from
whom
he
took
Babylon
,
Ctesiphonte
,
and
all
Mesopotamia
.
From
Christ
200.
The
Third
Age.
SEverus
in
his
Return
from
that
War
,
came
to
Aegypt
,
where
he
put
to
Death
From
Christ
201.
Among
others
,
Leonidas
,
a
Citizen
of
From
Christ
203.
Tertullian
writ
his
Apologetick
,
and
Minutius
Faelix
his
Octavius
;
two
excellent
Severus
,
after
he
had
triumph'd
at
Rome
,
for
his
Parthian
Conquest
,
passed
over
to
Great
Brittain
,
to
reduce
those
Islanders
From
Christ
208.
Which
he
accomplish'd
in
one
Year's
time
;
and
after
that
,
stayed
there
two
Years
,
and
there
died
of
the
Gout
;
attended
his
Sons
,
and
Successors
.
Sons
,
Bassianus
,
Sur-named
Caracalla
,
and
Getd
.
From
Christ
211.
These
two
Brothers
came
to
Rome
,
by
two
different
Ways
,
where
they
were
received
by
the
Senate
,
and
People
,
to
reign
together
.
But
their
Hatred
increased
so
highly
between
them
,
that
the
eldest
Brother
From
Christ
213.
Then
he
put
to
Death
many
great
Persons
,
because
they
would
not
approve
of
his
Fratricide
.
Among
others
,
the
famous
Civilian
Papinian
▪
who
being
sollicited
by
Caracalla
to
defend
the
Murder
he
had
committed
,
answered
him
boldly
,
That
it
was
more
easie
to
commit
a
Crime
,
than
to
justifie
it
.
Papinian
had
for
his
Contemporaries
,
Paulus
,
and
Caius
,
of
the
same
Profession
;
Philostratus
,
Alexander
,
Aphroditius
,
and
Censorinus
,
flourish'd
at
that
time
.
Bassianus
Antoninus
Caracalla
,
being
very
much
touch'd
with
Remorse
for
this
horrid
Crime
,
and
his
other
Cruelties
,
which
made
him
to
be
hated
at
Rome
,
took
occasion
to
depart
from
thence
,
under
pretence
of
making
War
against
the
Parthians
.
While
he
was
there
thus
employed
,
Materianus
,
Governor
of
Rome
,
writ
to
advertize
him
,
that
there
was
a
Conspiracy
against
him
,
of
which
Macrinus
,
a
Captain
of
the
Praetorians
,
was
chief
.
The
Letter
fell
,
by
chance
,
into
the
Hands
of
Macrinus
;
who
having
perused
them
,
hastened
to
accomplish
his
Design
,
causing
Caracalla
to
be
killed
by
a
Centinel
,
and
immediately
From
Christ
217.
Zepherinus
Bishop
of
Rome
,
and
Successor
to
Victor
died
that
Year
.
Macrinus
made
a
Peace
with
the
Parthians
,
his
Successor
.
and
retired
to
Antioch
;
while
he
stayed
there
with
his
Son
Diadumenes
,
whom
he
had
Associated
to
the
Empire
,
Maesa
corrupted
the
Army
in
Phaenicia
with
Money
,
and
caused
a
Boy
to
be
Proclaimed
Emperor
,
who
was
her
Grandson
by
the
Daughter
she
had
of
the
Emperor
Caracalla
.
Macrinus
at
first
despised
that
Faction
which
was
headed
only
by
an
Old
Woman
and
a
Child
;
but
his
Leiutenants
having
before
been
defeated
,
The
Death
of
Macrinus
and
Diadumenes
.
he
himself
was
afterwards
slain
in
a
Battle
with
Diadumenes
his
Son
and
Colleague
.
So
Bassianus
better
known
by
the
name
of
Heliogabalus
,
was
first
acknowledged
Emperor
in
the
East
,
and
afterwards
at
Rome
.
From
Christ
218.
The
World
endured
this
detestable
Prince
for
the
space
of
four
Years
,
at
the
end
of
which
,
the
Horrors
of
his
monstrous
Life
being
become
insupportable
to
the
very
Soldiers
,
they
killed
him
.
From
His
Cousin
Germain
,
Marcus
Aurelius
,
his
Successor
.
Alexander
Severus
,
a
Prince
as
Virtuous
as
his
Predecessor
had
been
Vitious
,
was
chose
in
his
place
.
Ulpian
an
excellent
Civilian
,
and
the
chiefest
of
the
Praetorian
Bands
,
but
an
inveterate
Enemy
to
the
Christians
,
put
to
Death
a
great
many
for
confessing
their
Faith
,
among
whom
was
Calistus
Successor
Bishops
of
Rome
.
to
Zepherinus
Bishop
of
Rome
.
During
the
first
Six
Years
of
Alexander
Severus
,
the
Empire
was
at
Peace
.
This
Young
,
but
excellent
Prince
applied
himself
to
redress
the
disorders
which
were
introduc'd
into
all
parts
of
the
Empire
,
in
the
time
of
the
former
Reigns
.
From
Ch.
228.
He
accumulated
to
this
,
the
Glory
he
acquired
by
his
Arms
in
the
War
against
War
against
the
Persians
.
the
Persians
.
Artaxates
,
or
Artaxerxes
,
a
Prince
of
that
Nation
resigned
to
him
his
Soveraignity
,
after
he
had
overcome
and
killed
in
Battle
Artaban
the
last
King
of
the
Parthians
,
of
the
race
of
the
Arsacides
.
The
end
of
the
Arsacides
.
From
Christ
229.
In
this
Emperors
absence
,
Urbinus
the
Prefect
of
Rome
,
put
to
Death
another
Urbin
,
Bishops
of
Rome
.
who
was
Bishop
and
succeeded
Calistus
.
From
Christ
231.
The
War
against
the
Persians
lasted
three
Years
,
but
Alexander
concluded
it
with
very
great
Glory
and
advantage
to
the
Romans
.
The
exploits
of
Alexander
Severus
.
He
staid
some
time
in
the
East
to
set
in
order
those
Provinces
;
then
he
returned
to
Rome
to
reap
the
Honour
of
a
Magnificent
Triumph
,
after
which
he
past
over
into
Gaule
to
stop
the
revolt
of
the
Germans
.
But
the
Soldiers
not
being
able
to
suffer
that
severity
of
Discipline
,
to
which
he
had
inured
them
,
killed
him
Rhine
.
From
Ch.
235.
Rome
never
injoyed
a
Prince
more
accomplish'd
in
all
kinds
of
Virtues
,
but
Maximus
Successor
to
Alexander
Severus
,
his
Successor
.
and
principal
Author
of
his
Death
,
was
as
Vitious
as
his
Predecessor
had
been
Virtuous
;
he
persecuted
the
Christians
,
of
whom
he
put
to
Death
a
great
number
,
among
whom
was
Pontianus
Bishop
of
Rome
,
who
succeeded
Urbin
,
as
also
Anteros
Successor
to
Pontianus
.
From
Christ
Bishops
of
Rome
.
236.
The
Army
in
Africk
proclaimed
for
their
Emperors
their
two
Generals
,
the
two
Gordians
Father
and
Son
,
but
they
Pupienus
Maximus
,
and
Celius
Balbinus
,
to
whom
to
please
the
Soldiers
,
they
joined
the
young
Gordian
Grandson
to
one
,
and
Son
to
the
othe●
Gordian
,
who
were
killed
in
Africk
.
Maximus
quitting
the
design
of
making
War
against
the
Sarmatians
,
past
into
Italy
From
Christ
237.
Soon
after
the
Praetorian
bands
kille●
their
two
Emperors
chose
by
the
Senate
Emperors
with
the
young
Gordian
.
so
the
young
Gordian
remained
sole
Emperor
:
He
was
carried
to
the
War
against
the
Persians
,
which
lasted
three
Years
,
and
became
glorious
to
the
Romans
,
by
the
Conduct
of
Misetheus
,
a
Person
of
very
great
Prudence
and
Courage
,
who
was
Father-in-law
to
Gordian
:
But
Philip
one
of
the
chifest
Officers
of
the
Army
,
having
poisoned
Mizetheus
,
and
perswaded
the
Soldiers
to
kill
Gordian
,
the
traterous
The
Death
of
Gordian
.
Murtherer
was
proclaimed
Emperor
by
the
Army
.
He
was
an
Arabian
,
tho'
some
Writers
stile
him
a
Christian
,
but
there
his
Successor
.
was
not
the
least
appearance
of
it
,
for
his
Cruelties
and
Treacheries
did
not
at
that
time
agree
with
the
Rules
of
Christianity
.
This
new
Prince
made
a
very
advantageous
Peace
with
Sapor
King
of
Persia
;
then
he
came
to
Rome
,
where
he
celebrated
with
great
Magnificence
,
the
Thousandth
The
1000
Year
of
Rome
.
Year
from
the
Foundation
of
that
City
.
From
Christ
247.
The
Goths
,
a
People
originally
of
Scy●hia
invade
the
Empire
.
past
the
Danube
,
and
plac'd
themselves
on
that
side
of
the
Lands
of
the
Empire
.
There
was
sent
against
them
Decius
,
a
Person
of
high
Merit
,
and
one
of
the
Senators
:
The
Army
in
Panonia
,
having
proclaimed
Philip
their
Emperor
,
he
with
his
The
Two
Philips
killed
.
Forces
march'd
against
Decius
,
but
being
come
to
Verona
,
his
own
Soldiers
killed
him
,
while
the
Praetorian
Bands
did
the
like
to
his
Son
of
the
same
Name
,
whom
he
left
at
Rome
.
So
Decius
being
acknowledged
Emperor
The
Persecution
of
the
Christians
Bishop
of
Rome
.
Persecution
;
among
a
great
number
of
Martyrs
he
made
to
suffer
,
was
Fabian
Bishop
of
Rome
,
Successor
to
Antheros
Before
Christ
250.
This
persecution
though
it
was
very
bloody
,
yet
it
lasted
not
long
;
for
this
cruel
Emperor
was
slain
in
the
War
against
The
Death
of
Decius
.
the
Goths
in
Panonia
,
one
part
of
the
Army
being
cut
to
pieces
by
the
Barbarians
;
his
Successor
.
the
other
part
who
had
not
fought
,
proclaimed
Gallus
Emperor
,
who
was
their
chief
Commander
.
Corelius
,
Bishop
of
Bishops
of
Rome
.
Rome
,
Successor
to
Fabian
,
Sealed
by
Faith
the
effusion
of
his
Blood
.
From
Christ
352.
Under
the
Pentificat
of
this
Cornelius
,
the
The
first
Schism
at
Rome
.
first
Schism
broke
out
in
the
Church
of
Rome
.
Novatus
a
Priest
of
Carthage
being
come
to
Rome
,
had
that
Interest
to
cause
the
Novatian
Priest
to
be
elected
Bishop
,
in
opposition
to
Cornelius
,
pretending
he
had
been
too
indulgent
in
admitting
to
the
Peace
of
the
Church
,
those
who
were
fallen
from
Christianity
,
in
the
time
of
the
Persecution
.
Gallus
and
Volutianus
his
Son
and
Colleague
And
the
Goths
did
the
like
in
Greece
,
yet
the
latter
were
most
of
them
cut
in
pieces
by
the
Romans
,
under
the
conduct
of
Aemilianus
,
who
after
this
glorious
exploit
,
Emperor
.
The
Death
of
Gallus
and
Volutianus
.
And
of
Aemilianus
.
Valerian
Emperor
.
was
proclaimed
Emperor
by
the
victorious
Army
.
Gallus
and
Volutianus
left
Rome
,
and
march'd
together
to
fight
him
,
but
before
the
two
Armys
could
meet
,
both
Father
and
Son
were
killed
by
their
own
Soldiers
.
Aemilianus
,
was
afterwards
overcome
and
slain
in
Battle
by
Valerian
,
who
was
then
acknowledged
Emperor
.
From
Christ
253.
He
cruelly
persecuted
the
Christians
,
and
among
the
great
number
,
he
put
to
Death
for
their
Faith
,
was
Lucius
Bishop
of
Bishop
of
Rome
.
Rome
,
Successor
to
Cornclius
;
then
followed
Stephanus
and
Sixtus
the
Second
,
and
in
Africk
,
St.
Cyprian
Bishop
of
Carthage
;
The
famous
Origen
died
in
Palestine
,
The
Death
of
Origen
.
where
he
had
retired
in
a
deep
Melancholy
,
because
his
Bishop
Demetrius
of
Alexandria
had
layed
to
his
charge
erronious
Opinions
.
The
Emperor
Valerian
making
War
against
made
prisoner
by
the
Persians
.
the
Persians
,
was
overcome
and
took
Prisoner
by
Sapor
their
King
,
who
kept
him
in
a
shameful
and
base
Captivity
;
while
Galienus
insensible
of
this
high
Disgrace
,
past
his
time
at
Rome
in
all
Pleasure
and
Luxury
,
which
gave
occasion
to
many
Governors
of
Provinces
,
to
assume
the
Title
of
Emperors
,
each
in
his
The
30
Tyrants
.
Gallienes
ki●led
.
peculiar
Government
.
They
were
Thirty
in
number
who
were
called
Tyrants
.
Gallienus
was
killed
by
the
Captains
of
his
Guards
,
who
could
no
longer
endure
his
vitious
way
of
living
.
Claudius
the
second
the
second
his
Succssor
.
Aureolus
,
one
of
the
Thirty
Tyrants
kill'd
was
put
in
his
place
,
and
received
with
Joy
by
the
Senate
for
his
good
Qualities
;
he
went
presently
against
Aureolus
,
one
of
the
Thirty
Tyrants
who
Governed
Illyria
,
he
overcame
him
,
and
slew
him
in
Battle
.
From
Christ
268.
Denys
,
Bishop
of
Rome
,
and
Successor
to
Bishop
of
Rome
.
Sixtus
the
Second
died
a
Martyr
.
Claudius
having
past
into
Greece
,
there
defeated
a
great
Army
of
the
Scythians
,
who
had
made
an
irruption
into
those
parts
.
All
who
escapt
that
overthrow
,
retreated
to
a
Mountain
;
Claudius
encompast
them
with
his
Army
,
and
so
straightly
block'd
them
up
,
and
kept
them
from
all
manner
of
Provisions
,
that
the
Plague
was
got
among
them
,
from
whence
it
infected
the
Roman
Army
,
where
many
died
;
The
Death
of
Claudius
.
Quintilius
his
Successor
.
Aurelian
Emperor
.
and
among
the
rest
,
the
Emperor
Claudius
,
as
also
his
Brother
Quintilius
chose
to
succeed
him
by
the
Army
,
who
upon
his
Death
,
set
up
Aurelianus
in
his
place
,
and
their
choice
was
approved
by
the
Senate
.
From
Christ
270.
There
remained
of
the
Thirty
Tyrants
only
Macrian
in
Asia
the
lesser
,
and
Posthumius
two
of
the
30
Tyrants
.
Zenobia
.
in
Gaule
;
these
two
were
powerful
enough
to
make
the
Emperor
fear
them
,
bur
Aurelian
having
overcome
them
one
after
the
other
,
marcht
into
Syria
against
Zenobia
Queen
of
Palmerina
,
the
Widow
of
Odenatus
;
she
had
the
Courage
to
maintain
for
her
Sons
the
Title
of
Emperors
,
which
her
Husband
had
assumed
while
he
Reigned
.
Aurelian
highly
esteemed
the
Victory
he
had
obtained
over
this
brave
War-like
Queen
;
and
bringing
From
Christ
274.
Aurelian
having
accomplish'd
all
these
Affairs
,
most
cruelly
persecuted
the
Christians
,
The
Christians
persecuted
.
Bishops
of
Rome
.
of
whom
he
put
to
Death
a
great
number
for
their
Faith
,
and
among
the
rest
,
Faelix
Bishop
of
Rome
Successor
to
Denis
.
Aurelian
preparing
to
make
War
against
It
was
very
strange
that
there
happened
no
trouble
in
the
Empire
,
during
an
interregnum
of
seaven
Months
,
in
all
which
time
the
Army
and
Senate
had
complemented
each
other
about
the
right
of
Election
;
at
last
the
Senate
absolutely
refusing
to
Elect
,
obliged
the
Army
to
name
an
Emperor
,
who
was
unanimously
received
,
called
Claudius
Tacitus
:
He
highly
Emperor
.
His
Death
.
Florian
his
Successor
.
Probus
Emperor
.
deserved
it
for
his
great
parts
,
but
the
Empire
injoyed
him
only
Seven
Months
;
his
Brother
Florian
who
succeded
him
,
Reigned
but
Twenty
Days
.
From
Ch.
277.
Aurelius
Probus
their
Successor
,
was
generally
approved
by
all
the
Noble
Degrees
of
the
Empire
with
great
reason
,
being
endued
with
exceeding
rare
Qualities
,
suitable
to
his
Name
.
During
the
five
Years
he
Reigned
,
he
supprest
all
the
designs
of
those
who
affected
Tyranny
in
several
Provinces
of
the
Empire
,
and
drove
out
of
its
limits
all
the
Barbarians
,
who
infested
them
:
But
the
Soldiers
not
being
able
to
endure
that
great
severity
of
Discipline
,
to
which
he
restrained
them
,
kill'd
him
,
and
put
in
Numerianus
.
From
Christ
282.
The
Persecution
being
revived
against
the
Christians
,
Eutichius
Bishop
of
Rome
,
Bishops
of
Rome
.
and
Successor
of
Faelix
suffered
Martyrdom
.
Carus
pursued
the
design
of
Probus
,
and
obtained
great
advantages
over
them
;
but
as
he
was
resolving
to
pursue
them
with
more
Force
and
Vigour
,
he
fell
sick
and
The
Death
of
Carus
.
died
,
whether
of
his
Sickness
,
or
by
a
Fright
occasioned
by
a
dreadful
Tempest
of
Thunder
,
which
killed
many
of
his
Army
,
and
wept
so
much
for
the
death
of
his
Father
,
that
he
was
fain
to
be
carried
in
a
close
Litter
:
Aper
his
Father-in-law
who
took
This
new
Prince
march'd
presently
against
Charinus
,
the
Son
of
Carus
,
who
being
informed
of
what
had
happened
in
the
East
,
took
his
way
on
that
side
to
fight
his
Competitor
.
They
met
in
Panonia
,
where
Charinus
was
overcome
and
killed
in
Battle
;
so
Dioclesian
being
Conqueror
,
was
received
Emperor
by
the
Senate
Associates
to
the
Empire
.
Maximinian
Galerus
and
Constantius
Chlorus
.
and
People
,
and
with
their
Consent
associated
to
the
Empire
Maximinian
Hercules
.
Four
years
after
the
two
Emperors
took
the
Title
of
Caesars
,
Dioclesian
,
Maximinian
Galerus
,
Armentarius
.
Maximinian
took
Constantius
Chlorus
,
the
great
Grandchild
of
the
Emperor
Claudius
the
Second
.
In
the
terrible
persecution
that
Dioclesian
raised
up
against
the
Christians
,
as
infinite
number
of
the
Faithful
suffered
Martyrdom
,
and
amongst
them
Caius
the
Successor
to
Eutychius
Bishop
of
Rome
.
From
Bishop
of
Rome
.
Christ
296.
The
four
Princes
Triumph'd
magnificently
From
Christ
298.
This
Age
was
pestered
with
many
Hereticks
;
Gregorius
Thaumaturgius
,
Bishop
of
Neocesaria
,
Julius
,
Capitolinus
,
Aelius
,
Lampridius
,
Flavius
,
Vopiscus
,
Spartianus
,
Vulcatius
,
Gallicanus
,
who
were
almost
all
contemporary
Authors
of
the
Imperial
History
.
The
Fourth
Age.
THe
Persecution
against
the
Christians
Bishop
of
Rome
.
still
encreasing
,
Marcellinus
Bishop
of
Rome
persevering
in
his
Sufferings
,
obtained
a
crown
of
Martyrdom
,
From
Ch
,
301.
says
Theodoret
,
against
what
some
had
Writ
,
that
he
fell
into
Idolatry
,
as
he
confest
in
the
Councel
of
Sinuessa
before
300
Bishops
there
present
;
but
there
is
little
likelihood
,
that
in
the
time
of
so
terrible
a
Persecution
,
when
the
poor
Christians
hid
themselves
,
that
so
many
Bishops
could
be
assembled
.
From
Christ
304.
By
the
resigning
of
Dioclesian
,
and
of
Maximinian
Hercules
,
the
Empire
remained
in
the
power
of
Maximinian
Galerus
;
Armentarius
and
Constantius
Chlorus
,
who
divided
it
in
that
manner
,
that
Maximinian
had
the
Provinces
of
the
East
,
and
Chlorus
those
of
the
West
.
Maximinian
Galerus
adopted
his
two
Nephews
Caesars
,
Severus
and
Maximin
,
at
the
very
same
time
that
Maxentius
the
supposed
Son
of
Maximinian
Hercules
made
himself
Master
of
Rome
,
and
there
stood
for
Emperor
;
so
that
when
Severus
came
to
Besige
it
,
he
found
him
so
very
strong
,
that
he
was
forc'd
to
raise
his
Siege
,
retreating
to
Ravenna
,
where
Maxentius
Besieged
him
.
From
Ch.
306.
These
disorders
caused
Maximinian
Hercules
to
write
to
Diocletian
,
to
persuade
him
to
reassume
the
command
of
the
Empire
;
but
Dioclesian
answered
him
like
a
Philosopher
,
and
remained
in
his
retired
way
of
Life
,
yet
Maximinian
left
his
Retirement
,
and
having
reassumed
the
Marks
and
Title
of
Emperor
,
came
to
the
Siege
of
Ravenna
,
and
under
pretence
of
a
Treaty
of
Peace
,
to
bring
Severus
out
of
the
City
,
and
having
him
in
his
power
,
he
caused
him
to
be
Strangled
;
but
as
he
intreagued
Constantine
,
Constantius
Chlorus
the
Father
of
Constantine
being
dead
in
great
Britain
,
his
Son
had
there
been
From
Christ
309.
In
the
mean
time
Maxentius
was
Master
of
Rome
and
all
Italy
,
where
he
exercised
very
great
Tyrannies
,
especially
against
the
Bishop
of
Rome
.
Christians
;
he
put
to
death
Marcellus
,
Successor
to
Marcellinus
,
but
Eusebius
who
succeeded
Marcellus
,
died
of
a
fit
of
Sickness
at
the
end
of
two
Years
,
having
held
the
See
but
two
Years
.
From
Christ
311.
The
〈◊〉
agai●s●
Constantin
and
Maxentius
.
The
Vision
of
the
Cross
.
The
Romans
wearied
with
the
Tiranny
of
Maxentius
,
sent
for
Constantine
to
help
them
.
It
is
said
that
being
on
his
way
,
he
beheld
the
Vision
of
a
Cross
shining
with
a
most
glorious
Light
,
that
appeared
to
him
in
the
Air
at
Noon-day
,
with
an
Inscription
that
promist
him
Victory
,
which
made
him
send
for
Rheticius
Bishop
of
Autune
,
he
having
seen
the
same
Vision
near
that
City
,
so
that
by
the
care
of
that
Holy
Bishop
,
Constantin
being
fully
instructed
in
the
truth
of
Christianity
,
made
publick
profession
of
it
;
all
the
Cities
of
Italy
which
he
found
in
his
way
surrendered
voluntarily
.
At
his
approach
to
Rome
,
there
was
a
Bloody
Battle
between
him
and
Maxentius
,
in
which
after
a
vigorous
Resistance
,
Maxentius
was
overcome
s
Death
.
Constantin
Emperor
.
and
slain
;
so
that
Constantine
was
received
with
Triumph
at
Rome
,
and
with
a
general
Joy
was
acknowledged
Emperor
throughout
the
Western
parts
.
It
was
in
this
remarkable
year
that
the
Roman
Indiction
began
,
which
was
the
After
the
Death
of
Severus
,
Maximinian
Galerus
had
created
Caesar
Licinius
,
his
old
Panonia
;
Licinius
was
master
of
Greece
and
Thrace
,
and
Maximin
possest
the
Provinces
of
Asia
.
Licinius
having
espoused
Constantia
the
Sister
of
Constantine
,
these
two
Emperors
made
an
Edict
in
favour
of
the
Christians
,
The
Death
of
Maximin
.
Maximin
continuing
to
persecute
them
,
till
at
length
he
died
at
Tharsus
of
a
languishing
Disease
.
The
Provinces
under
his
Government
fell
to
Licinius
;
then
Constantine
and
Licinius
condemned
by
an
Edict
the
memory
of
Maximin
as
a
Tyrant
.
From
Christ
314.
Dioclesian
died
the
Year
before
of
a
natural
s
Death
.
Distemper
,
as
some
Write
,
or
as
others
will
have
it
,
that
he
poisoned
himself
out
of
despair
,
to
find
the
Christians
were
so
much
favoured
by
the
two
Emperors
.
Melchiades
Bishop
of
Rome
died
the
same
Bishops
of
Rome
.
Year
,
he
had
been
appointed
with
some
other
Bishops
of
Italy
by
Constantine
,
to
examine
Constantine
employed
the
following
ten
The
Exploits
of
Constantine
.
Years
,
in
several
Expeditions
against
the
Barbarians
,
who
attack'd
the
Frontier
Provinces
of
the
Empire
;
in
all
which
he
succeeded
with
great
Glory
:
For
he
defeated
them
in
all
Rencounters
,
so
that
they
were
disabled
to
make
any
further
Attempts
against
him
.
Licinius
,
who
had
only
favoured
the
Christians
,
in
Complaisance
to
Constantine
,
discovered
at
length
his
Aversion
to
them
:
Whereupon
Constantine
took
that
occasion
The
Quarrel
between
Constantine
and
Licinius
.
to
fall
out
with
him
.
This
Rupture
brought
them
to
a
Battle
,
in
which
Licinius
was
overcome
.
Constantine
pardoned
him
,
because
he
was
his
Brother-in-Law
:
But
Licinius
finding
himself
freed
from
this
first
Misfortune
,
raised
another
Army
,
and
was
again
defeated
,
near
Chalcedon
.
At
that
time
Constantine
compell'd
him
to
resign
his
part
of
the
Empire
:
The
Vanquish'd
taking
it
for
a
Favour
,
that
the
Conqueror
had
given
him
his
Life
,
suffering
him
to
live
at
Thessalonica
.
But
as
he
could
not
be
satisfied
to
live
in
Peace
,
and
as
he
still
endeavoured
by
his
secret
Practices
,
to
set
up
his
Party
again
,
Constantine
ordered
him
to
be
strangled
.
The
Death
of
Licinius
From
Christ
324.
Thus
Constantine
Reigned
sole
Emperor
,
sole
Emperor
▪
acknowledg'd
as
well
in
the
East
,
as
in
the
West
.
The
Empire
being
then
at
Peace
,
Constantine
applied
himself
to
make
Justice
and
Piety
flourish
;
and
endeavoured
to
give
that
Peace
and
Quiet
to
the
Church
,
she
had
not
'till
then
enjoyed
;
having
been
not
only
turmoil'd
abroad
,
by
the
Persecutions
of
Idolaters
,
but
harrass'd
at
home
by
the
Opinions
of
Hereticks
;
particularly
of
those
who
were
called
Arrians
,
from
the
Heretick
.
the
Name
of
Arrius
,
a
Priest
of
Alexandria
,
an
Enemy
to
the
Divinity
of
Jesus
Christ
.
To
redress
this
intestine
Disorder
of
the
The
Council
of
Nice
.
Church
,
Constantine
commanded
a
Council
to
be
assembled
,
of
a
great
Number
of
Bishops
,
in
the
City
of
Nice
,
in
Bythinia
.
From
Christ
325.
There
they
condemned
the
Errors
of
This
Year
was
fatal
to
the
Family
of
Constantine
,
by
the
Death
of
Crispus
,
whom
The
Death
▪
of
Crispus
,
the
Son
of
Constantine
.
Constantine
had
by
Minervina
,
his
first
Wife
:
Fausta
,
his
second
Wife
,
having
in
vain
sollicited
this
young
Prince
,
to
gratifie
the
Passion
she
had
for
him
:
His
refusal
,
made
her
to
accuse
him
,
of
solliciting
her
Chastity
.
Constantine
unadvisedly
believing
her
,
put
his
Son
to
Death
;
and
after
that
,
did
the
like
to
Fausta
;
having
discovered
her
The
Death
of
Fausta
,
his
Wife
.
Treachery
,
by
putting
her
into
a
Bath
,
which
he
caused
to
be
heated
boyling
hot
:
And
this
to
comfort
his
own
Mother
,
Helena
,
afflicted
to
extremity
,
for
the
Death
of
her
Grand-child
.
In
the
mean
time
,
Christianity
flourisht
,
The
Abyssinians
,
by
the
means
of
Edesius
,
In
the
Indies
.
and
Frumentius
,
Brothers
,
whose
Father
,
Meropius
,
a
rich
Merchant
of
Tyre
,
had
brought
them
young
into
Abyssinia
,
when
they
were
grown
up
Men
▪
they
preach'd
the
Gospel
with
that
success
,
that
they
built
there
many
stately
Churches
;
which
were
approved
of
by
Athenasius
,
Bishop
of
Alexandria
,
who
ordained
one
of
the
Brothers
,
Bishop
of
those
parts
;
who
came
from
thence
,
to
give
him
an
Account
of
what
they
had
done
there
,
relating
to
the
Church
.
A
Woman
,
taken
in
the
Wars
,
by
the
He
also
sent
others
into
Armenia
,
to
Tyridates
,
From
Christ
328.
The
two
following
Years
were
also
very
remarkable
,
from
the
Foundation
of
New
Rome
;
which
,
from
the
Name
of
its
He
establish'd
the
same
Constitution
of
Government
,
with
the
very
same
kind
of
Magistrates
as
at
Rome
,
designing
that
it
should
be
the
Seat
of
the
Empire
.
From
Christ
330.
Constantia
,
Sister
to
Constantine
,
and
Widow
to
Licinius
,
had
,
among
her
Domesticks
,
a
Priest
,
in
outward
appearance
a
Man
of
Vertue
,
but
proved
to
be
an
Arrian
:
Constantia
dying
,
recommended
him
to
her
Brother
,
the
Emperor
.
This
Priest
having
insinuated
himself
into
the
Emperor's
The
Affairs
of
the
Arrians
.
Favour
,
perswaded
him
,
That
Arrius
had
been
unjustly
condemned
;
and
that
he
ought
to
be
heard
a
second
time
.
Constantine
complied
,
and
being
deceived
by
this
Arch-Heretick
,
he
sent
Arrius
back
to
his
Church
in
Alexandria
.
But
Athenasius
,
who
was
then
Bishop
,
Bishop
of
Alexandria
.
refusing
to
receive
him
,
the
Enemies
of
Athanasius
assembled
a
Council
at
Tyre
;
where
he
was
condemned
by
the
Arrians
,
who
were
there
very
numerous
;
and
afterwards
was
banish'd
to
Treves
;
where
he
was
kindly
received
by
Constantine
,
eldest
Son
to
the
Emperor
,
and
by
Maximus
,
Bishop
of
that
City
.
From
Christ
336.
Silvester
Bishop
of
Rome
,
and
Successor
Bishops
of
Rome
.
to
Miltiades
,
died
.
Arrius
triumphing
in
his
Re-establishment
,
came
to
Constantinople
;
where
disposing
himself
to
enter
by
Force
into
the
Church
,
he
died
in
a
most
shameful
manner
:
As
is
related
by
the
Ecclesiastical
The
Death
of
Arrius
.
Writers
.
Constantine
finding
himself
very
much
The
Death
of
Constantine
.
weakned
,
by
a
Disease
that
made
him
to
languish
for
a
long
time
;
he
was
baptized
in
the
Suburbs
of
Nicomedia
,
and
died
a
few
Days
after
.
As
Eusebius
of
Caesarea
reports
,
in
his
Book
of
the
Life
of
this
Emperor
;
who
assisted
at
his
Baptism
:
Which
shews
the
falseness
of
what
others
have
writ
,
a
long
time
since
:
That
Constantine
had
received
this
Sacrament
at
Rome
,
from
the
Hands
of
Silvister
;
with
all
the
Circumstances
they
remark'd
,
as
true
as
the
pretended
Donation
of
Rome
;
which
they
alledge
Constantine
made
to
this
Pope
,
and
to
his
Successors
.
Constantine
left
behind
him
three
Sons
▪
who
,
according
to
their
Father's
Testament
,
shared
between
them
the
Empire
.
Constantine
,
the
eldest
,
had
the
Gauls
▪
Spain
,
Germany
,
and
the
Brittannick
Isles
.
Constance
,
the
second
,
had
Thrace
,
with
all
the
East
,
comprizing
Aegypt
.
Constant
,
the
third
,
Italy
,
Illyria
,
Greece
,
and
Africk
.
They
Reigned
in
Peace
for
three
Years
▪
at
the
end
of
which
,
Constantine
shewing
that
he
was
not
content
with
his
own
share
▪
set
upon
Constant
in
his
own
Country
;
their
two
Armies
met
,
near
Aquilia
,
where
Constantine
being
killed
,
before
he
was
The
Death
of
Constantine
the
Second
.
acknowledged
,
the
Provinces
under
his
Rule
,
submitted
themselves
to
Constant
.
Constantine
the
second
,
with
his
Brother
Constant
,
making
a
constant
Profession
of
the
Faith
of
the
Council
of
Nice
,
had
prevailed
with
Constance
to
re-establish
Athanasius
in
his
Bishoprick
;
but
he
was
again
put
out
by
a
Council
held
at
Antioch
;
the
Number
of
the
Arrians
prevailing
against
the
Orthodox
Party
.
But
he
being
return'd
to
Rome
,
Bishop
Julius
,
Successor
to
Marcus
,
did
there
Bishops
of
Rome
.
assemble
a
Council
,
who
asserted
the
Innocency
of
Athanasius
.
The
Eastern
Bishops
,
who
had
not
been
at
that
Council
,
did
not
acquiesce
to
it
;
and
therefore
call'd
another
Council
,
composed
of
Bishops
of
both
parts
of
the
Empire
,
The
Council
of
Sardis
.
to
assemble
at
Sardis
,
in
the
upper
part
of
Illyr●a
.
Osius
,
Bishop
of
Cordova
,
was
there
chose
to
preside
over
170
Bishops
,
who
were
there
met
,
as
well
Eastern
as
Western
:
As
the
Number
of
the
last
was
somewhat
greater
than
the
first
,
it
was
so
decreed
,
that
Athanasius
should
be
re-invested
in
his
Bishoprick
:
But
the
Eastern
Bishops
reassembled
at
Philippolis
,
in
Thrace
,
and
there
Assembled
at
Philippolis
.
made
Decrees
contrary
to
those
of
Sardis
.
However
,
Athanasius
did
not
fail
to
return
to
his
Church
:
For
Constance
could
not
refuse
to
re-establish
him
,
by
reason
of
the
pressing
Instances
that
Constant
urg'd
in
his
behalf
.
Constant
was
truly
Orthodox
as
to
his
Faith
,
but
given
up
to
his
Pleasures
,
neglecting
much
the
Care
of
his
Affairs
,
it
was
easie
for
Magnentius
,
one
of
the
chief
Officers
of
his
Army
,
to
take
away
his
Life
,
and
to
cause
himself
to
killed
by
Magnentius
the
Tyra●●
.
be
received
Emperor
,
by
the
Army
,
in
Rome
it self
.
Constance
having
heard
the
News
,
while
he
was
making
War
against
the
Persians
,
made
a
Peace
with
them
,
and
created
Caesar
,
his
Cousin
Gallus
,
to
Govern
in
his
Magnentius
.
From
Christ
350.
This
War
lasted
two
Years
before
the
two
Armies
came
to
a
decisive
Battle
;
at
last
it
was
fought
near
to
Murza
in
Pannonia
.
Magnentius
was
there
worsted
,
but
〈◊〉
come
.
not
so
much
as
to
hinder
him
from
retreating
in
good
Order
,
towards
Gaul
.
Constance
followed
him
,
and
wholly
routed
his
Army
near
Lyons
.
The
Vanquish'd
From
Christ
353.
Constance
thereupon
being
acknowledg'd
sole
Emperor
,
exercis'd
his
Power
most
cruelly
towards
his
Cousin
Gallus
Caesar
;
The
Death
of
Gallus
Caesar
.
whom
he
put
to
Death
upon
light
grounded
Suspicions
;
and
even
against
the
Orthodox
Bishops
,
who
agreed
to
the
Decisions
of
the
Council
of
Nice
;
to
which
Constance
was
averse
,
being
an
Arrian
:
So
From
Christ
355.
They
put
in
his
place
a
most
wicked
Man
,
called
Georgius
,
who
committed
a
thousand
Mischiefs
in
that
Church
.
Liberius
was
likewise
expelled
at
the
See
of
Rome
,
because
he
had
supported
Athanasius
.
Bishops
of
Rome
.
In
the
place
of
Liberius
,
they
put
the
Deacon
Faelix
,
upon
Condition
he
should
favour
the
Arrians
:
He
was
ordained
by
three
of
their
Bishops
.
The
Persecution
against
the
Orthodox
Divines
was
so
severe
,
that
Hosius
and
Liberius
By
this
means
Liberius
got
leave
to
return
The
Confusion
was
very
great
in
the
Church
,
by
the
infinite
Number
of
Confessions
of
Faith
,
which
were
made
in
divers
places
,
of
which
the
most
part
of
them
were
Arrians
.
To
redress
these
Disorders
,
two
Councils
were
assembled
,
one
in
the
East
,
at
Seleucia
;
the
other
in
the
West
,
at
Rimini
.
The
Council
of
Seleucia
,
and
of
Rimini
.
But
in
both
Councils
,
the
Arrian
Bishops
being
far
more
numerous
than
the
Orthodox
,
the
latter
being
overpower'd
,
the
Arrians
prevail'd
:
So
that
the
Mischief
was
thereby
so
much
increased
,
that
,
as
St.
Jerome
testifies
,
the
whole
World
was
astonish'd
to
find
themselves
Arrians
,
and
sigh'd
for
it
.
From
Christ
359.
However
,
the
Council
of
Selucia
did
one
good
Act
,
in
re-establishing
St.
Hillarius
,
Bishop
of
Poitiers
A
Council
at
Constantinople
.
Ulufilus
Bishop
of
the
Goths
.
Bishop
of
Poitiers
,
in
his
Diocess
;
from
whence
he
had
been
banish'd
for
being
Orthodox
.
A
third
Council
that
Constance
assembled
at
Constantinople
,
added
to
all
those
general
Ills
,
this
one
in
particular
,
that
Ulufilus
,
Bishop
of
the
Goths
,
was
there
infected
with
the
Contagion
of
Arrianism
,
and
afterwards
all
that
Nation
,
by
his
Example
.
While
that
Council
was
held
,
Constance
ordered
to
be
brought
to
Constantinople
,
in
very
great
Pomp
,
the
Bodies
of
St.
Andrew
the
Apostle
,
St.
Luke
the
Evangelist
,
and
Timothy
,
St.
Paul's
Disciple
,
upon
a
Revelation
he
reported
to
have
had
of
the
place
of
their
Burial
.
Julius
Constantius
,
Brother
to
the
Father
of
Great
Constantine
,
had
left
two
Sons
,
viz.
Gallus
Caesar
,
whom
Constance
,
as
has
been
mentioned
,
had
put
to
Death
;
and
Julian
,
who
having
also
been
created
Caesar
,
Constance
had
employ'd
himself
three
Years
in
a
War
against
the
Persians
;
over
whom
he
had
got
so
great
Advantages
,
that
they
freely
offered
Proposals
of
Peace
:
To
which
he
agreed
,
desiring
to
be
freed
of
that
Business
,
in
order
to
compose
those
of
more
Consequence
in
Gaul
.
But
in
his
way
thither
,
he
was
stopt
at
Antioch
,
by
a
most
desperate
Fit
of
Sickness
;
which
made
him
to
be
baptized
;
which
he
neglected
to
do
,
according
to
the
Custom
practis'd
at
that
time
by
great
Persons
,
especially
by
Princes
.
This
Sacrament
was
administred
to
him
by
Euzoius
,
Bishop
of
Antioch
,
an
inveterate
From
Christ
361.
Constance
being
somewhat
recovered
in
his
Health
,
pursued
his
Journey
,
but
went
not
very
far
;
for
he
was
again
stopt
by
his
Sickness
,
at
a
little
Town
in
Cilicia
,
where
his
Death
.
he
died
,
aged
Forty
five
Years
,
having
reigned
Twenty
four
.
A
little
while
after
,
Julian
coming
to
the
Apostate
Emperor
.
Constantinople
,
was
there
received
Emperor
,
without
any
difficulty
.
This
was
that
Julian
,
Sur-named
,
The
Apostate
;
because
he
turn'd
Pagan
,
after
he
had
been
brought
up
in
the
Christian
Religion
.
During
the
first
two
Years
of
his
Reign
,
he
endeavoured
to
ruine
Christianity
,
by
all
the
Ways
he
could
invent
.
He
was
kill'd
in
a
Battle
against
the
Persians
,
by
a
After
the
Death
of
Julian
;
the
Army
After
his
Death
,
the
Army
set
up
in
his
place
,
Valentinian
;
who
immediately
chose
overcome
,
and
killed
.
took
Prisoner
,
and
was
afterwards
beheaded
.
From
Christ
365.
Liberius
Bishop
of
Rome
,
being
dead
,
Bishop●
of
Rome
.
there
arose
a
Schism
,
which
was
reckon'd
to
be
the
second
of
that
Church
,
between
Damasus
,
a
Spaniard
,
and
Urcin
,
or
Urcisin
,
a
Roman
;
each
being
elected
by
two
different
Factions
of
the
Clergy
and
People
:
Which
was
carried
on
with
so
much
Violence
and
Animosity
,
that
130
Men
were
killed
in
a
bloody
Dispute
between
the
two
Parties
,
in
the
very
Church
where
they
were
assembled
for
that
Election
.
From
Christ
367.
Of
the
two
Emperors
,
Valens
was
an
From
Christ
375.
This
News
being
brought
to
Treves
,
where
Gratian
,
his
eldest
Son
,
then
was
;
this
young
Prince
was
saluted
Emperor
,
Augustus
,
Titles
his
Father
had
bestowed
on
him
,
in
his
Life-time
.
The
Army
in
Pannonia
,
where
the
Father
The
Goths
had
possess'd
themselves
of
those
Countries
bordering
on
Tanais
.
The
Huns
,
who
came
out
of
Scythia
,
as
the
others
drove
them
out
,
and
forc'd
them
to
make
their
Abode
elsewhere
.
So
soon
as
they
were
entred
into
Thrace
for
that
purpose
,
Valens
went
against
them
,
to
drive
them
out
;
but
he
was
overcome
by
them
The
Death
of
Valens
.
in
a
Battle
,
and
being
pursued
,
was
burnt
in
a
Peasant's
Cottage
,
where
he
was
retired
.
From
Christ
378.
By
his
Death
,
Gratian
finding
himself
oppress'd
with
the
Weight
of
Affairs
,
discharg'd
himself
of
half
of
it
,
by
associating
Theodosius
to
the
Empire
.
He
was
Son
●ssoc●ated
to
the
Empire
.
to
another
Theodosius
,
a
Person
of
high
Merit
,
who
had
rendred
considerable
Services
to
the
Empire
,
under
Valentinian
,
and
Valens
:
The
Son
inheriting
the
good
Qualities
of
his
Father
,
in
a
short
time
made
himself
famous
,
by
expelling
the
Goths
from
Thrace
,
which
they
had
miserably
ravaged
,
after
their
Victory
over
Valens
.
From
Christ
379.
Macedonius
,
Bishop
of
Constantinople
,
denied
an
Enemy
to
the
Holy
Ghost
.
The
first
Council
at
Constantinople
.
the
Divinity
of
the
Holy
Ghost
.
Theodosius
,
a
very
Orthodox
Prince
,
caused
a
Council
to
be
assembled
at
Constantinople
;
where
the
Fathers
condemned
this
Heresie
,
and
deposed
Macedonius
;
in
the
place
of
whom
was
put
Nectarius
,
a
Person
most
worthy
of
that
Dignity
.
In
that
Council
they
declared
,
That
the
Bishop
of
the
second
Rome
,
should
from
that
time
be
the
next
in
Rank
to
the
Bishop
of
the
first
,
and
so
by
Consequence
to
take
place
of
those
.
of
Alexandria
,
and
Antioch
.
Maximus
,
Governour
of
Great
Britain
,
The
Revolt
of
Maximus
.
had
caused
himself
there
to
be
proclaimed
by
the
Army
;
then
past
over
into
Gaul
,
made
himself
Master
of
that
Province
;
surprized
,
defeated
,
and
killed
Gratian
;
The
Death
of
Gratian
who
had
many
excellent
Qualities
,
and
no
ill
ones
.
Conen
Meriadec
,
a
British
Prince
,
had
past
Little
Brittany
,
where
he
erected
a
Monarchy
almost
for
twelve
Ages
.
From
Christ
383.
The
Death
of
Damasus
,
Bishop
of
Rome
,
Bishops
of
Rome
.
which
hapned
in
that
Year
,
did
not
put
an
end
to
the
Schism
of
that
Church
:
For
tho'
Syricius
was
there
chose
in
the
place
of
Damasius
,
Ursicinus
still
pretended
,
that
his
Election
was
good
.
From
Christ
384.
Maximus
being
Master
of
the
Isle
of
Britain
,
of
Gaul
,
and
of
Spain
,
entred
Italy
with
so
great
an
Army
,
that
Valentinian
not
being
in
a
Condition
to
make
Head
against
him
,
fled
,
with
his
Mother
Justina
,
to
Thessalonica
,
where
Theodosius
then
lay
.
Maximus
having
likewise
reduc'd
Italy
,
advanc'd
towards
Aquilia
,
where
he
stay'd
,
resolving
to
wait
for
Theodosius
;
who
was
marching
towards
him
to
fight
him
.
Theodosius
being
arrived
with
his
Army
,
they
fought
,
in
two
Days
,
two
bloody
Battles
:
In
the
last
of
which
,
Maximus
was
wholly
routed
,
and
taken
Prisoner
.
Theodosius
was
willing
to
save
his
Life
;
but
the
Soldiers
judging
him
unworthy
of
that
Favour
,
killed
him
,
against
the
Emperor's
Pleasure
.
So
that
Valentinian
was
re-establish'd
in
overcome
,
and
killed
.
the
Western
Empire
,
which
he
peaceably
enjoyed
four
Years
;
at
the
end
of
which
Arbogastus
,
a
Gaul
,
one
of
his
principal
Commanders
,
discontented
,
because
he
had
taken
away
some
of
his
Commands
,
caused
him
to
be
stifled
in
his
Bed
,
by
the
The
Death
of
Valentinian
II.
Grooms
of
his
Bed-Chamber
,
whom
he
had
corrupted
to
do
it
.
This
Prince
was
but
Twenty
six
Years
old
:
His
Mother
,
Justina
,
being
an
Arrian
,
had
infected
him
with
that
Heresie
;
but
he
renounced
it
after
her
Death
.
Arbogastus
had
that
great
Power
in
the
Army
,
that
he
prevailed
with
the
Soldiers
Tyrant
with
Arbogastus
▪
to
proclaim
Eugenius
Emperor
;
a
Man
of
mean
Extraction
,
whom
Fortune
had
raised
to
great
Commands
.
This
was
the
Cause
of
another
Civil
War
.
Theodosius
spent
two
Years
in
making
Preparations
for
it
:
And
all
that
time
the
Tyrants
reigned
in
the
West
.
At
length
Theodosius
march'd
against
them
;
the
Armies
met
,
and
fought
,
near
to
Aquilia
.
The
Tyrants
being
defeated
,
Arbogastus
killed
himself
;
Eugenius
being
Theodosius
did
not
long
enjoy
the
Fruits
of
that
great
Victory
;
which
made
him
sole
Master
of
the
Empire
:
He
had
been
for
some
time
troubled
with
a
Dropsie
,
his
Disease
increasing
at
Millan
,
where
he
came
after
the
Defeat
of
the
Tyrants
,
he
fell
extreamly
ill
,
and
died
in
that
City
,
at
s
Death
the
Age
of
Fifty
,
having
reigned
sixteen
Years
.
There
was
but
two
things
to
be
blamed
in
him
:
That
he
made
Laws
to
deprive
Hereticks
of
their
Estates
and
Liberties
,
unless
they
would
renounce
their
Errors
.
The
other
was
.
The
Murthering
of
a
great
Number
of
Thessalonians
,
to
punish
their
Insolence
,
who
resisted
his
Power
by
a
Sedition
.
Being
reprehended
by
St.
Ambrose
for
that
Cruelty
,
he
express'd
so
great
a
Repentance
for
it
,
that
his
Contrition
,
joyned
with
his
other
excellent
Vertues
,
may
serve
for
a
Pattern
to
all
Christian
Princes
.
By
his
last
Will
and
Testament
,
he
divided
the
Empire
between
his
two
Sons
,
Arcadius
,
and
Honorius
;
and
accordingly
They
were
both
disturb'd
at
first
with
the
Revolt
of
Rufinus
,
a
Prefect
of
the
Praetorian
Bands
,
who
brought
an
Army
of
Barbarians
into
Thrace
,
and
of
Gildon
who
plaid
the
Usurper
in
Africk
;
but
these
Disorders
were
presently
quelled
by
the
death
of
the
Traytors
.
Theodosius
held
the
first
Oecumenical
Council
at
Constantinople
.
In
his
time
lived
St.
Austin
,
St:
Jerome
,
and
Claudian
the
Poet.
Syricius
Bishop
of
Rome
,
died
after
he
B●shops
of
Rome
.
had
the
Happiness
to
see
the
end
of
tha●
Schism
,
which
the
Election
of
Ursicinu●
had
caused
in
that
Church
;
Syricius
was
the
first
who
declared
against
the
Marriage
of
the
Clergy
.
From
Christ
398.
The
last
Year
of
this
Age
,
saw
the
rise
The
Revolt
of
Gainas
.
and
fall
of
the
Revolter
Gaianus
,
who
was
by
extraction
a
Barbarian
:
His
great
Conduct
and
Experience
in
the
trade
of
War
▪
had
raised
him
to
be
General
of
Honorius
his
Army
;
the
services
he
had
done
for
him
,
made
him
pretend
to
have
a
Church
in
Constantinople
for
those
of
the
Arria●
Sect
,
of
which
he
was
a
favourer
,
which
the
Emperor
refusing
by
the
persuasion
of
St.
John
Chrisostom
,
Bishop
of
Constantinople
.
The
disdain
to
be
refused
,
provok'd
Caianus
to
Ravage
Thrace
with
that
Army
he
commanded
;
this
Tumult
was
as
violent
,
as
it
was
short
liv'd
,
being
extinguish'd
in
a
little
time
,
by
the
death
of
the
Author
,
the
Officers
of
the
Army
being
Loyal
to
the
Emperor
.
From
Christ
400.
So
at
the
end
of
that
Age
,
both
the
Empires
were
at
Peace
,
excepting
among
the
There
were
some
who
were
called
Originists
,
Anthropomorphites
were
those
who
attributed
Priscillianists
were
the
followers
of
Priscilian
a
Spaniard
,
and
a
Person
of
Quality
,
who
had
received
old
Errors
of
the
Gnosticks
,
of
the
Sabellians
,
and
the
Manicheans
:
This
Priscillian
was
the
first
who
was
put
to
death
by
the
Christians
for
his
Religion
;
after
his
Errors
had
been
condemned
by
a
Council
held
at
Burdeaux
,
some
Bishops
inflamed
with
an
outragious
Zeal
,
persuaded
the
Tyrant
Maximus
to
cut
off
his
Head
.
The
Photinians
,
followers
of
Photinus
,
The
Antidichomarianites
,
who
denied
the
The
Collydians
,
on
the
contrary
so
called
,
because
they
offered
great
Cakes
to
the
Holy
Virgin
,
in
the
way
of
Sacrifice
.
The
Luciferians
who
were
only
a
sort
of
The
Fathers
of
the
Church
who
flourish'd
Aegypt
;
Optatus
Bishop
o●
Mileva
in
Africk
;
Bazilius
Bishop
of
Caesarea
in
Cappadocia
;
Gregory
his
Brother
Bishop
of
Nissena
;
Gregory
of
Nazianzer
Eusebius
of
Verceil
,
Ambrosius
of
Millan
,
an●
Martinus
of
Tours
.
The
Fifth
Age.
IN
the
first
Year
was
Born
a
Son
to
The
Birth
of
Theodosius
.
Arcadius
,
called
Theodosius
.
The
next
year
Died
Anastatius
Bishop
of
Bishops
of
Rome
.
Rome
,
and
Successor
to
Syricius
.
The
five
following
Years
were
fatal
to
the
two
Empires
;
to
the
Western
part
,
by
the
Ravaging
of
the
Vandalls
,
who
entered
there
under
the
Command
of
Godegisil
King
of
the
Vandalls
.
their
King
.
To
the
Eastern
,
by
the
persecution
of
Eudoxa
,
Wife
to
the
Emperor
Arcadius
,
against
St.
Chrysostome
Bishop
of
Constantinople
,
even
St.
Epiphanius
Bishop
of
The
Death
of
S●
.
Chrisostome
.
The
death
of
Arcadius
.
Theodotius
the
Second
.
where
he
died
of
the
Miserys
they
made
him
endure
.
From
Christ
407.
Arcadius
died
at
the
Age
of
Thirty
Two
Years
,
leaving
his
Son
Theodosius
about
Seven
Years
Old
,
under
the
Protection
of
Isdigerdes
King
of
Persia
,
who
acquitted
himself
of
that
Charge
with
great
care
and
fidelity
.
From
Christ
408.
At
that
time
flourish'd
Ausonius
a
Gaule
,
Spaniard
,
Venantius
Portunatus
an
Italian
,
but
Bishop
of
Poiters
,
who
were
as
well
Poets
,
as
Christians
.
In
the
West
,
Honorius
having
put
to
The
death
of
Stillicon
.
Alaric
.
King
of
the
Goths
.
Rome
twice
taken
Death
his
Father-in-law
Stilicon
,
accused
to
have
held
Intelligence
with
Alaric
King
of
the
Goths
.
That
King
revenged
his
Death
with
great
Cruelty
;
for
in
the
two
following
Years
he
twice
took
Rome
,
and
laid
it
waste
in
a
most
desolate
manner
;
then
adding
Mockery
to
his
Cruelty
,
he
gave
the
Title
and
Ornaments
of
Emperor
to
one
Attalus
,
a
man
of
obscure
Birth
,
and
the
false
Emperor
.
then
divested
him
of
them
,
when
he
was
disgusted
with
him
.
From
Christ
410.
Honorius
was
at
Ravenna
,
and
saw
all
these
lamentable
and
shameful
Miseries
,
not
being
able
to
redress
them
,
but
the
The
death
of
Alaric
.
Astolfus
his
Successor
.
death
of
Alaric
gave
him
some
respite
.
Astolfus
or
Adolphus
Successor
to
Alaric
,
made
a
Peace
with
the
Romans
,
upon
conditions
that
Honorius
should
consent
to
Marry
his
Sister
Placidia
with
Astolfus
,
and
that
the
King
should
Reign
quiet
Possessor
of
that
part
of
Gaule
,
called
Narbonensis
,
which
Alaric
had
conquered
.
From
Christ
411.
So
Honorius
being
no
longer
disturbed
,
by
this
so
formidable
power
,
found
the
means
to
chastize
by
his
Lieutenants
three
viz.
Constantine
with
Jovian
his
Son
in
Gaule
,
Maximin
in
Spain
,
and
Heraclian
in
Italy
.
But
he
could
not
hinder
several
Foreign
Nations
,
to
establish
themselves
powerfully
in
many
of
the
principal
Western
Provinces
which
they
had
invaded
,
and
was
forc'd
to
suffer
the
Sweves
in
Andalouzia
Astolfus
having
broke
his
Peace
with
the
Romans
,
was
forc'd
again
to
begit
of
them
,
by
the
great
advantages
that
Cantance
a
Lieutenant
General
of
Honorius
had
gain'd
over
them
;
but
the
Goths
,
thinking
this
Peace
disgraceful
to
them
,
kill'd
Astolfus
who
had
made
it
,
and
put
in
his
place
Kings
of
the
Goths
.
Sigerie
,
who
dying
about
a
Year
after
,
had
Vallius
to
succeed
him
,
who
agreed
with
Honorius
on
reasonable
conditions
,
which
pleas'd
the
Goths
,
to
wit
,
That
besides
that
part
of
Gaule
,
called
Narbonensis
,
they
should
have
a
part
of
the
Country
of
Spain
,
which
bordered
on
the
Mediteranean
.
From
Christ
415.
Innocentius
Bishop
of
Rome
,
Successor
to
Bishop
of
Rome
.
Anastatius
died
.
Zozimus
who
succeeded
Innocentius
,
held
the
See
but
Sixteen
Months
:
After
his
Death
there
arose
a
Schism
in
that
Church
,
between
Boniface
A
Schism
in
the
Church
of
Rome
.
and
Eulalius
,
both
chosen
by
a
party
of
the
Clergy
and
the
People
.
From
Christ
418.
The
French
descended
from
Chersonesus
Cimbrike
,
advanc'd
towards
the
Maine
,
and
gave
to
the
Country
where
that
River
passes
the
name
of
Franconia
,
which
it
still
retains
.
King
of
the
French
.
The
death
of
St.
Jerome
.
They
chose
for
their
King
Pharamond
,
who
is
recorded
to
have
been
the
first
King
of
that
Nation
.
From
Christ
420.
St.
Jerome
,
a
very
Learned
Person
in
the
Holy
Scripture
,
and
the
Hebrew
Language
,
died
at
Bethlem
,
where
he
retired
himself
from
Rome
:
He
had
been
Secretar●
to
Pope
Damasus
,
but
being
Secandalized
at
the
Luxury
of
the
Roman
Clergy
,
he
went
over
to
Palestine
,
where
he
lived
a
long
time
like
a
Monk
;
he
had
brought
over
with
him
Paula
,
and
his
Daughter
Eustochia
,
the
best
qualified
Ladies
in
Rome
.
After
he
had
made
a
great
Friendship
with
Ruffinus
a
Priest
of
Aquilia
,
he
broke
it
off
He
writ
most
severely
against
Vigilantius
,
At
this
time
flourrish'd
Paulus
Orosius
,
The
Death
of
Honorius
.
died
of
a
Dropsie
,
Aged
Thirty
Nine
Years
,
having
Reign'd
Twenty
Eight
:
Some
time
before
his
death
,
he
conferred
the
Title
of
Emperor
Augustus
,
on
Constance
his
Brother-in-law
,
who
marry'd
Placidia
,
Widow
to
Astolfus
King
of
the
Goths
.
Constance
died
not
long
after
he
was
Marry'd
,
leaving
Valentinian
his
Son
under
the
Tuition
of
his
Mother
Placidia
,
she
and
her
Son
lived
at
Constantinople
when
Honorius
died
;
so
Italy
being
destitute
of
the
Royal
Presence
of
the
Princes
,
the
Tyrant
.
John
a
Prefect
of
the
Praetorian
Bands
,
took
upon
him
the
Title
of
Emperor
.
Placidia
having
heard
of
it
,
marches
with
her
Son
to
Fight
the
Tyrant
,
who
was
taken
by
surprize
at
Ravenna
,
by
the
means
of
some
Officers
,
faithful
to
the
Princes
:
He
was
brought
Prisoner
to
them
at
Aquilia
,
when
they
there
were
,
and
where
the
Rebel
had
his
Head
cut
off
;
the
2d
.
and
Valentinian
the
3d.
Emperors
.
Bishops
of
Rome
.
two
Cousins
,
Theodosius
the
Second
,
and
Valentinian
the
Third
:
The
first
keeping
his
Court
at
Constantinople
,
and
the
other
at
Rome
.
From
Christ
423.
Boniface
Bishop
of
Rome
,
and
Successor
to
Innocent
,
died
in
the
same
Year
as
Honorius
the
Emperor
.
Count
Boniface
,
Governour
of
Africk
,
incensed
on
a
false
Accusation
,
that
Placidia
Regent
of
the
Western
Empire
,
design'd
to
put
him
out
of
his
Government
,
called
their
King
.
The
Death
of
St.
Augustin
.
the
Vandals
out
of
Spain
into
Africk
,
of
which
they
easily
took
Possession
under
the
Conduct
of
Genseric
their
King
.
St.
Augustin
,
Bishop
of
Hippo
,
in
the
same
Province
of
Africk
,
died
a
little
before
the
taking
of
that
City
by
the
Vandalls
.
This
Great
Father
of
the
Church
opposed
the
Errors
of
the
Manichees
,
though
he
had
been
infected
with
them
in
his
Youth
;
he
boldly
Combated
against
the
Errors
of
th●
Heritick
.
The
Council
of
Carthage
and
of
Mileva
.
Pelagius
,
who
at
that
time
declared
himself
an
Enemy
to
our
Saviour
Christ
.
They
were
Condemned
in
two
Councils
held
at
Carthage
,
and
at
Mileva
at
the
same
time
.
Pelagius
had
two
Disciples
,
Celestius
and
Julien
;
Celestius
was
wholly
of
the
Opinion
of
his
Master
,
Julien
was
not
altogether
of
that
Opinion
,
but
acknowledged
a
necessity
of
the
Grace
of
Jesus
Christ
,
for
the
Conversion
,
and
intire
accomplishment
of
Salvation
,
he
affirmed
,
that
the
Beginnings
and
Inclinations
depended
on
the
will
of
Man
.
John
Cassian
,
a
Monk
,
who
had
been
a
John
Chrisostome
,
being
retired
to
Marseilles
,
infected
the
Priests
and
Monks
of
that
City
,
and
all
thereabouts
,
with
this
Error
of
Semipelagianism
.
Prosperus
of
Aquitaine
opposed
it
most
At
this
time
flourish'd
in
Gaule
,
Severus
Sulpitius
,
Author
of
the
two
Books
of
the
East
,
Theodoret
Bishop
of
Cir
,
who
Writ
the
Ecclesiastical
History
from
Constantine
to
Theodosius
the
Younger
.
Genseric
,
King
of
the
Vandals
,
took
Carthage
,
In
the
same
Year
Theodosius
assembled
a
The
Council
of
Ephesus
against
Nestorius
.
Council
at
Ephesus
,
to
enquire
into
the
Opinion
of
Nestorius
,
Bishop
of
Constantinople
,
who
asserted
two
Persons
in
Jesus
Christ
.
This
Error
was
condemned
there
Bishop
of
Alexandria
.
by
the
Council
,
in
which
presided
Cyrillus
Bishop
of
Alexandria
;
John
Bishop
of
Alexandria
in
Thrace
,
pretending
that
that
precedency
belonged
to
him
,
because
that
Ephesus
depended
on
his
Metropolis
,
and
had
drawn
away
several
Bishops
to
its
Faction
;
among
others
,
Theodoret
Bishop
of
Cir
,
with
whom
he
had
Assembled
another
Council
in
the
same
City
of
Ephesus
,
not
to
countenance
the
Errors
of
Nestorius
,
but
to
demonstrate
that
they
had
mistaken
the
Forms
of
Proceeding
.
In
the
mean
time
Affairs
were
embroiled
to
that
Degree
,
that
the
Emperor
not
being
able
at
first
to
discover
the
Truth
,
imprisoned
Cyrillus
and
Nestorius
,
but
at
last
being
better
informed
of
the
justice
of
the
Cause
,
he
set
Cyrillus
at
Liberty
,
and
sent
Nestorius
The
Death
of
Nestorius
.
to
utter
Banishment
,
where
he
died
Miserably
.
From
Christ
432.
Caelestin
,
Bishop
of
Rome
,
died
the
Year
Bishops
of
Rome
.
after
that
Council
was
held
:
He
had
there
his
Legats
,
who
Subscribed
to
the
Condemnation
of
Nestorius
,
who
had
been
already
Condemned
at
Rome
,
in
a
Council
which
had
been
there
Assembled
by
the
same
Caelestin
.
Sixtus
,
the
Third
,
his
Successor
held
the
See
Eight
Years
,
during
which
time
all
was
very
quiet
in
the
Church
.
From
Christ
440.
But
the
Church
was
again
disturbed
in
A
false
C●uncil
at
Ephesus
.
Eastern
Bishops
,
that
a
great
number
of
them
being
Assembled
at
Ephesus
;
his
Error
was
approved
of
in
that
false
Council
,
where
things
were
carried
with
that
Violence
,
that
Flavian
who
had
been
made
Bishop
of
Constantinople
.
Bishop
of
Constantinople
,
in
the
place
of
Nestorius
,
for
having
oppos'd
the
Judgment
of
the
Council
that
favoured
Eutychus
,
suffer'd
Martyrdom
,
not
by
the
hands
of
the
Pagans
,
but
by
those
of
Barsumas
an
Abbot
,
and
of
Dioscorus
Bishop
of
Alandria
,
and
President
of
the
Assembly
▪
From
Christ
449.
These
great
Troubles
were
redrest
at
Pulcheria
Sister
to
Theodosius
.
the
return
of
Pulcheria
,
to
the
Court
of
her
Brother
Theodosius
.
There
had
been
formerly
some
Disgust
between
her
,
and
her
Sister-in-law
Eudosia
,
his
Wife
.
which
had
obliged
that
Empress
to
retire
to
Jerusalem
,
where
she
had
wholly
Devoted
her self
to
Piety
and
Charity
towards
the
Poor
.
From
that
time
,
the
Eunuch
Chrisapius
The
Death
of
Theodosius
.
the
Fiftieth
of
his
Age
,
and
the
Forty
Third
of
his
Reign
.
A
Prince
without
Vice
,
Pious
and
of
an
extraordinary
Good
Temper
,
but
Weak
and
very
easie
to
be
Governed
by
those
who
were
near
him
.
From
Christ
450.
He
dying
without
Issue
,
the
Senate
,
People
,
and
Soldiers
,
chose
with
a
common
suffrage
,
Martian
for
their
Emperor
,
From
Christ
451.
A
little
while
after
,
by
the
Authority
of
the
two
Emperors
,
Valentinian
and
Martian
,
a
Council
was
Assembled
of
Six
Hundred
The
Errors
of
Eutychus
were
there
Condemned
,
and
their
Author
Banish'd
,
as
also
some
Bishops
his
Adherents
;
among
others
,
Dioscorus
Bishop
of
Alexandria
.
The
Council
,
confirmed
what
had
been
already
Decreed
,
by
that
of
Constantinople
under
Theodosius
the
Great
,
touching
the
Equality
of
Precedence
,
between
the
Bishops
of
Rome
and
Constantinople
,
notwithstanding
the
Displeasure
resented
by
the
Legats
of
Leo
,
Bishop
of
Rome
.
Attyla
King
of
the
Huns
,
was
come
with
King
of
the
Huns.
a
formidable
Army
,
which
reach'd
from
the
Banks
of
Tanais
,
even
unto
the
heart
of
Gaule
,
Ravaging
and
Destroying
all
that
dared
to
oppose
him
.
The
City
of
Orleans
refused
to
Surrender
,
and
while
he
besieged
it
,
Aetius
Prefect
of
the
Gaules
,
made
a
League
with
Meroveus
King
of
the
French
,
Theodorick
King
of
the
Goths
,
and
Gondicar
King
of
the
Bu●gundians
,
against
this
common
Enemy
.
The
Confederates
came
to
meet
him
before
Orleans
,
with
their
united
Forces
;
so
soon
as
they
approach'd
,
Attyla
raised
the
Siege
and
retreated
;
they
follow'd
and
overtook
him
in
the
Cataulaunike
Plains
,
where
they
overcome
him
with
a
mighty
Slaughter
of
Enters
into
Italy
.
Aquilia
,
and
after
that
,
all
the
other
Towns
he
past
through
,
so
that
he
might
have
gone
even
to
Rome
,
if
he
had
not
been
diswaded
from
going
there
by
Bishop
Leo
,
who
came
to
meet
him
,
and
prevailed
with
him
to
March
another
way
.
He
past
a
second
time
into
Gaule
,
where
Is
again
defeated
in
Gaule
.
he
was
once
more
Defeated
by
Torismond
King
of
the
Goths
,
and
Sangiban
King
of
the
Allanes
;
so
being
forc'd
to
retire
,
he
stopt
in
Panonia
with
his
Huns
,
from
whom
Panonia
,
called
Hungary
.
that
Province
was
called
Hungary
:
There
as
he
was
Celebrating
his
Nuptial
with
a
Young
Lady
,
a
Daughter
of
the
King
of
the
Bactrians
,
who
voluntarily
had
followed
him
,
he
Gorged
himself
so
Excessively
The
Death
of
Attyla
.
with
Eating
and
Drinking
,
that
it
choak'd
him
.
From
Christ
352.
The
People
round
about
Aquilia
,
and
other
neighbouring
Counties
of
the
Continent
,
to
preserve
themselves
from
the
Fury
of
Attyla
,
retired
to
the
Islands
,
at
the
end
of
the
Adriatick
Sea
;
which
gave
there
the
first
Beginning
to
that
wonderful
City
,
which
from
the
Name
of
Heneti
,
or
Veneti
,
was
called
Venice
;
which
by
process
of
The
British
Islanders
being
infested
by
the
frequent
Incursions
of
the
Scots
,
or
Picts
,
applied
themselves
to
Aetius
,
Prefect
of
the
Gauls
,
to
help
them
against
their
cruel
Enemies
.
He
could
not
well
supply
them
with
Succors
,
having
to
deal
with
Attyla
,
and
other
Barbarians
,
who
ravaged
Gaul
.
Whereupon
the
Britains
implored
the
Aid
of
the
Saxons
:
Who
came
over
under
the
Command
of
Hengist
,
with
so
vast
an
Army
,
that
in
a
little
time
they
became
Masters
of
that
Country
;
which
took
the
Name
of
England
.
Whether
it
was
from
the
Angles
,
the
The
Name
of
England
.
whence
was
derived
the
Name
of
England
.
Valentinian
was
an
imprudent
Prince
,
and
was
also
wicked
and
debauch'd
:
He
The
Death
of
Aetius
.
put
to
Death
Aetius
,
Prefect
of
the
Gauls
,
upon
false
grounded
Suspitions
of
his
Fidelity
:
And
to
fill
up
the
Measure
of
his
great
Injustice
,
he
made
use
of
a
cunning
Stratagem
,
to
violate
the
Wife
of
the
Senator
Maximus
,
Grand-son
to
that
Maximus
,
who
had
taken
the
Title
of
Emperor
,
and
had
been
overcome
and
killed
by
Theodosius
the
Great
.
This
last
v●●lent
Act
of
Valentinian
,
cost
him
his
Life
:
For
the
Wife
of
that
Senator
died
with
extream
Grief
,
for
the
irreparable
Injury
she
sustained
.
Her
Husband
to
Revenge
himself
,
seduc'd
the
Soldiers
;
The
Death
of
Valentinian
III.
who
without
making
it
known
who
did
set
them
on
,
killed
Valentinian
.
So
Maximus
having
made
an
Interest
From
Ch.
455.
Maximus
reap'd
small
Advantage
by
his
Treason
;
he
was
so
indiscreet
,
to
discover
the
Secret
to
his
new
.
Wife
▪
thinking
by
that
means
to
give
her
a
full
Assurance
of
his
Loyal
Love
:
But
the
only
Effect
it
wrought
upon
her
,
was
to
make
her
resolve
to
Revenge
the
Death
of
her
first
Husband
,
by
that
of
the
Second
:
To
which
end
she
privately
sollicited
Genseric
,
King
of
the
Vandals
,
to
come
into
Italy
.
Where
he
arrived
with
that
Expedition
,
that
Maximus
being
not
in
a
Condition
to
resist
him
,
fled
from
Rome
to
save
himself
in
the
Mountains
;
but
he
was
stoned
to
From
Christ
456.
Three
Days
after
Genseric
had
entred
▪
After
Genseric
was
retreated
,
Avitus
was
acknowledg'd
Emperor
of
Rome
:
The
Martian
,
a
good
and
pious
Prince
,
died
The
Death
▪
of
Martian
as
he
was
designing
to
redress
the
Troubles
of
the
Western
Empire
.
The
Senate
and
People
of
Constantinople
,
He
took
presently
a
Colleague
,
who
was
endued
with
the
same
Qualities
:
He
was
Italy
.
From
Christ
461.
In
the
same
Year
died
Leo
Bishop
of
Rome
,
Bishop
of
Rome
.
Sur-named
the
Great
,
as
well
for
his
extraordinary
good
Qualities
,
as
also
because
he
had
done
more
than
any
of
his
Predecessors
,
to
establish
more
and
more
the
Grandeur
of
his
See
.
The
same
Rycimer
,
who
had
killed
Majoranus
,
The
Death
of
Severus
killed
also
his
Successor
Severus
,
who
was
very
much
regretted
by
the
Romans
,
because
he
had
spent
the
four
Years
of
his
Reign
,
in
making
War
against
the
Barbarians
.
After
his
Death
,
the
Western
Empire
was
two
Years
without
an
Emperor
;
at
length
Anthemius
was
sent
there
in
that
Emperor
.
Bishops
of
Rome
.
Quality
.
The
same
Year
he
arrived
at
Rome
,
Hillarius
,
Successor
to
Leon
,
died
there
.
In
the
five
following
Years
,
they
made
most
unfortunately
a
War
against
Genseric
;
A
War
against
Genseric
.
which
was
occasioned
by
the
Cowardize
of
Basiliscus
,
Brother-in-Law
to
Leon
,
to
whom
that
Emperor
had
given
the
Command
of
his
Army
.
The
same
Rycimer
,
who
had
killed
Majoranus
,
and
Severus
,
murthered
also
Anthemius
;
A
little
while
after
,
Olibrius
being
dead
,
The
Death
of
Olibrius
.
Gondibar
,
Grand-son
to
Rycimer
,
and
Successor
in
his
Royal
Power
,
raised
to
the
Empire
Glycericus
,
who
had
a
great
Employ
The
Emperor
Leo
died
,
leaving
his
Grandson
The
Death
of
Leo.
to
Reign
in
his
place
,
under
the
Tutelage
of
Zeno
,
an
Isaurian
,
Father
of
the
young
Prince
,
whose
Mother
was
Ariadne
,
Daughter
to
Leon.
Some
time
before
,
there
was
sent
into
Italy
,
in
the
Quality
of
Emperor
,
Nepos
,
a
Rome
,
Glicerius
willingly
resigned
the
Empire
to
him
,
and
retired
to
Salona
,
in
Dalmatia
,
where
he
was
Bishop
:
From
Christ
475.
Orestes
,
a
Goth
by
Nation
,
and
Lieutenant
to
Nepos
,
in
Gaul
,
revolted
against
The
Revolt
of
Orestes
him
,
came
into
Italy
,
and
forc'd
him
from
thence
:
He
retired
to
Salona
,
to
Glicerius
;
so
he
left
the
Empire
of
the
West
to
be
dispos'd
of
by
Orestes
:
Who
there
plac'd
his
Son
Momillus
,
to
whom
he
gave
the
Name
of
Romulus
.
The
Romans
,
in
derision
,
called
him
Augustulus
:
They
had
so
in
Prison
.
Prison
,
where
he
spent
the
Remainder
of
his
Days
.
From
Christ
476.
So
Odoacres
being
Master
of
Italy
,
the
King
of
Italy
.
Title
of
Emperor
was
there
changed
to
that
of
King
;
contrary
to
the
last
Will
and
Testament
of
the
Emperor
Leo.
The
great
Zeno
,
his
Son-in-Law
,
had
From
Christ
477.
Hunric
succeeded
his
Father
Genseric
,
King
his
Successor
.
of
the
Vandals
in
Africk
,
who
died
that
Year
,
having
Reigned
Thirty
eight
Years
,
in
which
time
he
had
much
embroiled
the
Empire
.
He
gave
as
great
Disturbance
to
the
Church
;
for
being
a
fierce
Arrian
,
he
most
cruelly
persecuted
the
Orthodox
:
As
may
be
read
in
the
History
which
Victor
There
has
been
already
mentioned
the
Establishment
of
the
French
Monarchy
,
Kings
of
the
French
.
under
Pharamond
their
first
King
.
Clodion
had
succeeded
him
,
Sur-named
Le
Cheveleux
,
from
the
Custom
he
introduc'd
among
the
Princes
of
that
Nation
,
to
wear
long
Hair
.
He
had
past
the
Rhine
,
and
gained
remarkable
Victories
on
the
other
side
of
that
River
.
He
was
afterwards
driven
out
by
the
Romans
,
and
died
as
he
was
preparing
to
repass
the
Rhine
.
Meroveus
,
his
Successor
,
was
firmly
establish'd
in
Gaul
,
by
the
Defeat
of
Attyla
,
and
by
the
Death
of
Aetius
;
so
that
a
part
of
that
Country
began
to
be
called
France
,
since
the
time
of
that
King's
Reign
;
from
whose
Name
also
,
those
of
the
first
Line
were
stiled
Merovingians
.
He
died
,
and
left
a
vast
Dominion
to
his
Son
Childeric
.
The
Adventures
of
this
King
,
are
Recorded
in
the
History
of
France
;
where
may
be
seen
,
that
after
he
had
been
Dethroned
,
and
Re-establish'd
,
he
considerably
enlarged
his
Kingdom
,
and
left
it
in
a
very
flourishing
Condition
to
his
Son
Clouis
.
From
Christ
482.
Simplitius
,
Bishop
of
Rome
,
Successor
to
Bishops
of
Rome
.
Hillarius
died
.
From
Christ
483.
The
Emperor
Zeno
,
falling
into
a
Fit
of
s
Death
.
the
Epilepsie
,
his
Wife
Ariadne
caused
him
to
be
buried
for
dead
,
and
the
Vault
to
be
closed
up
;
being
come
out
of
his
Fit
,
he
died
there
most
miserably
,
crying
out
for
help
;
but
all
in
vain
:
For
the
Empress
had
plac'd
Guards
near
the
Tomb
,
to
hinder
any
from
taking
him
out
.
Soon
after
Anastatius
doubly
filled
his
From
Christ
491.
Faelix
,
Bishop
of
Rome
,
Successor
to
Simplicius
,
Bishops
of
Rome
.
died
:
He
had
condemned
two
Peters
;
one
of
which
was
Bishop
of
Alexandria
,
Sur-named
Mungus
;
the
other
of
Antioch
,
called
Fullon
,
Favourers
of
the
Theopaschytes
,
Spawns
of
the
Sects
of
the
Eutychians
.
From
Christ
492.
Faelix
had
also
condemned
Acacius
,
Bishop
of
Constantinople
,
because
he
had
consented
out
of
Complaisance
to
the
Emperor
Zeno
;
that
those
two
Hereticks
might
possess
those
two
great
Sees
.
Theodoric
,
Sur-named
Veronensis
,
from
his
taking
that
City
,
King
of
the
Ostrogots
,
or
Eastern
Goths
,
had
rendred
considerable
Services
to
the
Emperor
Zeno
;
and
,
as
a
Recompence
,
he
demanded
to
have
his
Consent
,
(
others
say
,
Zeno
invited
him
)
to
make
War
against
Odoacre
,
King
of
Italy
;
to
which
he
willingly
complied
.
So
Theodoric
having
past
into
Italy
,
there
The
War
between
Odoacre
,
and
Theodoric
.
was
a
bloody
War
between
him
and
Odoacre
:
Both
of
them
behaved
themselves
very
bravely
;
so
that
the
Business
could
not
be
decided
by
Arms.
At
length
,
Theodoric
being
more
politick
,
after
he
had
besieged
Odoacre
,
above
three
Years
,
in
Ravenna
,
made
use
of
very
indirect
Ways
:
He
proposed
an
Agreement
,
and
during
the
Treaty
,
he
invited
Odoacre
to
a
Banquet
,
where
he
had
him
treacherously
killed
.
So
ended
killed
by
Theodoric
The
Kingdom
of
the
Ostrogots
in
Italy
.
The
French
Christians
.
the
Kingdom
of
the
Herules
in
Italy
;
and
then
began
that
of
the
Ostrogots
,
which
Theodoric
firmly
established
.
From
Christ
493.
The
French
embrac'd
Christianity
with
their
King
Clouis
,
by
the
Ministry
of
St.
Remy
,
Bishop
of
Reims
:
Some
time
before
,
Clouis
had
put
out
of
Gaul
,
all
who
remained
of
the
Romans
;
so
that
there
was
none
of
them
left
.
From
Christ
496.
Gelasius
,
Bishop
of
Rome
,
Successor
to
Bishops
of
Rome
.
Faelix
,
died
.
Gelasius
was
to
be
commended
,
that
he
made
a
just
Collection
of
the
Canonical
Books
of
Scripture
,
and
to
have
set
down
as
Apocriphal
,
many
that
past
before
for
Canonical
.
From
Christ
498.
Anastatius
the
Second
,
his
Successor
,
having
held
the
See
but
two
Years
,
there
arose
a
Schism
between
Symachus
,
and
Laurentius
,
both
chose
by
different
Factions
of
the
Clergy
and
People
.
This
Division
caused
many
Disorders
,
and
also
Murders
,
which
continued
to
the
End
of
this
Age.
From
Christ
500.
The
Sixth
Age.
AT
the
Beginning
of
the
Sixth
Age
,
the
East
afforded
nothing
remarkable
for
History
.
From
Christ
501.
But
in
the
West
,
Theodoric
expelled
out
of
Pannonia
,
the
Bulgarians
,
who
had
made
an
Incursion
there
.
From
Christ
505.
Clouis
had
married
Clotilda
,
Niece
to
The
Exploits
of
Theodoric
.
Gondibald
,
King
of
the
Burgundians
.
This
King
had
put
to
Death
three
of
his
Brothers
,
one
of
whom
was
Father
to
Clotilda
;
which
occasioned
a
War
between
Clouis
and
Gondebald
;
in
which
the
latter
conquered
the
greatest
part
of
Burgundy
,
only
Savoy
,
and
Provence
,
remained
to
Gondemar
,
Son
to
Gondebald
.
From
Christ
506.
Clouis
added
to
this
Conquest
;
all
that
s
Exploits
.
the
Wisigots
possess'd
in
Gaul
;
after
he
had
vanquish'd
,
and
killed
their
King
Alaric
,
in
a
Battle
fought
near
Poitiers
;
and
after
that
,
having
overcome
Amalaric
,
the
Son
of
Alari●
,
near
Bourdeaux
;
the
Vanquish'd
▪
fled
for
Refuge
to
Theodoric
,
King
of
Italy
,
who
was
his
Grand-father
,
by
the
Mother's
side
.
And
by
his
help
,
Amalaric
recovered
almost
all
he
had
lost
in
Gaul
.
From
Christ
509.
This
unfortunate
Success
,
with
some
others
that
attended
Clouis
,
towards
the
end
of
his
Life
,
reduc'd
him
to
an
extream
Melancholly
,
and
so
very
much
indisposed
him
,
that
he
died
in
his
middle
Age.
From
Christ
511.
According
to
his
last
Will
,
his
four
Symachus
Bishop
of
Rome
;
Successor
to
Bishop
of
Rome
.
Anastatius
the
Second
died
.
From
Christ
514.
Anastatius
,
Emperor
of
the
East
,
had
applauded
and
congratulated
the
Conquests
While
Anastatius
reigned
,
he
favoured
the
Eutychians
.
He
was
afraid
of
Thunder
,
and
built
him
a
round
House
,
to
secure
himself
from
it
;
but
all
in
vain
:
For
in
a
violent
Storm
of
Thunder
,
and
Lightning
,
From
Christ
518.
Justin
,
his
Successor
,
who
from
a
very
his
Successor
▪
low
Birth
,
having
been
a
common
Soldier
,
rose
to
the
highest
Command
in
the
Army
,
and
in
the
Empire
.
He
redress'd
those
Disorders
had
been
a
long
time
in
the
Church
,
by
a
Schism
between
the
Western
,
and
the
Eastern
Churches
,
occasioned
by
Acatius
;
who
notwithstanding
the
Excommunications
of
Faelix
,
Bishop
of
Rome
,
had
discoursed
with
the
two
Peters
,
Mungus
,
and
Foulon
,
Bishops
of
Alexandria
,
and
Antioch
,
who
favoured
the
Theophasticks
.
Hormisdas
,
Bishop
of
Rome
,
and
Successor
Bishop●
of
Rome
.
to
Symachus
,
died
.
John
,
who
succeeded
Hormisdas
,
was
sent
by
King
Theodoric
,
in
an
Embassy
to
the
Emperor
Justin
;
upon
whose
Head
he
set
the
Imperial
Crown
:
The
first
that
ever
was
Crowned
by
the
Roman
Pontiff
.
For
which
,
at
his
Return
,
Theodoric
under
pretence
that
he
had
not
faithfully
acquitted
himself
of
his
Commission
,
put
him
in
Prison
,
where
he
died
of
extream
Want
.
From
Christ
526.
Theodoric
,
upon
false
Suspicions
,
had
put
The
Death
of
Theodoric
.
Son
of
his
Daughter
Amalazuntha
,
Widow
of
Euthairc
.
Aurelius
Cassidorus
,
a
very
Learned
,
and
Orthodox
Person
was
Secretary
to
Theod●ric
,
tho'
that
Prince
was
an
Arrian
,
yet
Eusebius
,
Socrates
,
and
Zozimenus
,
adding
to
it
what
happened
since
the
last
,
even
to
his
Time
.
The
good
and
pious
Emperor
Justin
dying
,
had
his
Nephew
Justinian
for
his
Successor
;
The
Death
of
Justin
.
Justinian
his
Successor
.
who
in
the
beginning
of
his
Reign
caused
to
be
collected
,
and
put
in
order
the
Roman
Laws
.
Among
the
Civilians
,
who
laboured
the
Civil
Lawyer
.
three
Years
about
them
,
the
famous
Trebonianus
,
was
particularly
taken
Notice
of
.
This
great
Work
consisted
of
fifty
digested
Books
,
or
Pandects
;
the
four
first
of
Institutes
,
and
those
which
contained
the
New
,
or
Authentick
Constitutions
.
From
Christ
530.
Faelix
the
fourth
Bishop
of
Rome
,
who
Bishops
of
Rome
.
succeeded
John
,
died
this
Year
;
and
had
for
his
Successor
Boniface
,
who
kept
not
the
See
above
eleven
Months
.
Bellisarius
went
,
by
Order
of
Justinian
The
end
of
the
Kings
of
the
Vandals
in
Africk
.
in
which
was
King
Gilimer
,
and
so
put
an
end
to
the
Kingdom
of
the
Vandals
in
Africk
,
which
had
lasted
Ninety
▪
five
Years
,
under
four
Kings
,
since
Genseric
.
From
Christ
534.
John
the
Second
,
Bishop
of
Rome
,
had
Bishops
of
Rome
.
succeeded
Boniface
,
and
Agapetus
was
Successor
to
John
:
Agapetus
died
in
a
Voyage
to
Constantinople
,
where
Theodatus
,
King
of
the
Ostrogoths
,
in
Italy
,
had
sent
him
to
excuse
the
Murder
,
that
this
Theodatus
the
Usurper
,
had
committed
upon
Amalazunta
,
and
her
Son
Athalaric
,
who
were
allied
to
Justinian
.
Vitige
having
succeeded
Theodatus
,
Justinian
sent
Bellisarius
against
him
.
This
great
Captain
met
with
the
like
good
Fortune
in
Italy
,
as
he
had
in
Africk
:
He
made
himself
Master
of
Rome
,
and
took
Vitige
,
whom
he
brought
to
Constantinople
to
Justinian
.
From
Christ
540.
During
this
War
,
there
hapned
a
very
great
Scandal
in
the
Church
of
Rome
:
Silverius
A
Schism
of
Silverius
,
and
Vigilius
.
had
succeeded
Agapetus
;
the
Deacon
Vigilius
bad
promis'd
Theodora
,
the
Wife
of
Justinian
,
who
was
an
Eutychian
,
to
favour
those
of
that
Party
,
if
she
would
put
him
in
the
place
of
Silverius
;
which
was
effected
by
the
means
of
Bellisarius
,
who
executing
the
Commands
of
the
Empress
,
turned
out
Silverius
;
who
died
in
Banishment
at
the
end
of
two
Years
,
and
put
Vigilius
in
his
place
.
From
Christ
542.
This
same
Year
was
remarkable
by
abolishing
the
Consulates
of
the
Roman
Empire
.
Hildebauld
had
been
set
up
by
the
Ostrogoths
Kings
of
the
Ostrogoths
.
of
Italy
,
in
the
place
of
Vitiges
.
Then
Hildebauld
being
killed
by
the
Great
Persons
of
that
Nation
,
they
chose
Totyla
for
their
King
;
who
was
very
worthy
of
their
Choice
,
as
well
by
his
Birth
,
as
by
his
personal
Qualities
.
Bellisarius
had
been
recalled
from
Italy
by
Justinian
,
to
go
and
make
War
against
the
Persians
;
but
was
again
sent
back
into
Italy
to
oppose
T●tyla
;
where
Bellisarius
So
Totyla
regained
almost
all
that
Bellisarius
From
Christ
550.
In
this
term
of
time
,
hapned
the
Death
of
St.
Benedict
,
the
famous
Institutor
of
the
In
that
space
also
,
Vigilius
,
who
usurp'd
sent
to
Constantinople
.
the
Sea
of
Rome
,
during
the
Life
of
Silverius
,
was
sent
for
to
Constantinople
,
by
the
Emperor
Justinian
,
to
answer
an
Accusation
of
many
heinous
Crimes
alledged
against
him
.
The
Historians
differ
about
the
manner
how
the
Emperor
received
him
;
yet
they
all
agree
,
in
observing
the
inconstant
variation
of
the
Conduct
▪
of
Vigilius
towards
the
Emperor
;
who
was
then
Orthodox
,
and
towards
the
Empress
Theodora
,
Wife
to
Justivian
,
who
was
an
Eutychian
.
The
Eastern
Church
being
in
great
Trouble
,
occasioned
by
this
Heresie
,
Justinian
ordered
a
Council
to
be
assembled
A
Council
at
Constantinople
.
at
Constantinople
,
of
more
than
One
hundred
and
sixty
Bishops
.
Vigilius
,
who
was
in
that
City
,
opposed
the
holding
of
the
Council
;
but
at
last
he
was
compelled
to
consent
to
it
,
by
the
Emperour's
Authority
.
From
Christ
553.
The
principal
Design
of
assembling
that
Council
,
was
to
condemn
Eutychianism
,
and
its
Consequences
:
But
it
served
only
to
condemn
what
was
called
,
The
Three
viz.
Theodorus
of
Mopsuesta
,
Theod●●t
of
Cyr
,
and
Ibas
of
Edessa
;
tho'
in
the
Council
of
Macedonia
they
had
been
acquitted
of
all
Suspicion
of
Heresie
,
after
a
strict
Examination
of
those
Propositions
.
As
for
V●gilius
,
who
was
at
Constantinople
,
he
refused
to
represent
the
Council
,
because
Eutychius
,
Bishop
of
Constantinople
,
had
declared
,
that
he
would
not
give
place
to
him
;
or
else
,
that
there
▪
should
be
an
equality
between
them
.
Vigilius
being
come
to
Constantinople
out
The
Inconstancy
of
Vigilius
.
of
Complaisance
to
the
Emperor
,
had
condemned
the
Three
Propositions
;
but
being
very
angry
with
the
Council
,
he
retracted
his
Condemnation
,
sending
a
Declaration
of
it
to
the
Council
.
The
Emperor
offended
at
this
ill
Conduct
of
his
,
sent
him
to
Banishment
;
where
he
remained
but
a
short
time
,
being
soon
after
recalled
upon
his
Submission
to
the
Emperor's
Will
,
in
approving
the
Council
,
and
by
condemning
the
Three
Chapters
.
From
Christ
▪
554.
By
this
means
he
had
leave
to
return
to
Rome
;
but
before
he
could
arrive
there
,
he
died
in
Sicily
.
Before
that
time
,
the
Emperor
had
named
for
that
See
,
Pelagius
,
a
Deacon
;
yet
gave
Liberty
to
the
Romans
,
to
receive
for
their
Bishop
,
him
,
of
the
two
▪
they
should
like
best
.
By
Virtue
of
this
Nomination
,
and
without
any
other
Formality
,
Pelagius
stood
for
Ostia
.
From
Christ
555.
Two
Years
were
expir'd
,
when
Narses
,
The
end
of
the
Kingdom
of
the
Ostrogoths
.
Years
,
he
compleated
the
intire
ruine
of
the
Ostrogoths
in
Italy
,
having
defeated
and
killed
in
Battle
Teia
,
Successor
to
Totyla
.
From
Christ
559.
In
the
mean
time
Bellisarius
made
War
sent
against
the
Persians
.
very
successfully
against
the
Persians
,
which
he
ended
at
last
by
a
Peace
he
made
with
them
to
the
Glory
and
Advantage
of
the
Romans
.
About
the
end
of
this
Year
died
Pelagius
,
Bishop
of
Rome
.
He
was
very
much
Bishops
of
Rome
.
disgusted
by
the
Romans
,
both
for
the
manner
of
his
entring
upon
the
Episcopate
,
for
his
approving
the
Council
of
Constantinople
,
and
for
Condemning
the
three
Chapters
,
which
made
the
Bishops
of
Millan
,
and
Ravenna
,
to
separate
from
his
Communion
,
and
Assembled
themselves
in
A
Council
at
Aquileia
.
a
Council
at
Aquileia
,
with
the
Bishops
of
their
Provinces
,
where
they
declared
against
the
last
Council
of
Constantinople
.
The
four
Sons
of
Clouis
,
as
has
been
mentioned
,
shared
their
Fathers
Kingdom
.
Clodomir
,
one
of
them
,
was
slain
in
a
Battle
against
the
Burgundians
,
and
his
Children
were
kill'd
by
their
Uncles
Clotaire
and
Childebert
,
and
the
Successors
to
Thierry
were
extinct
in
Theobald
,
who
died
without
Issue
,
so
that
Childebert
also
,
leaving
no
Children
,
all
the
French
Monarchy
devolved
to
Clotaire
,
the
only
remaining
Son
of
Clouis
.
From
Christ
560.
He
enjoyed
this
Soveraign
power
but
two
Years
,
after
his
death
,
his
four
Sons
Paris
,
Gontran
of
Orleans
,
Chilperic
of
Soissons
,
and
Sigebert
of
Mets
,
or
Austratia
.
From
Christ
562.
The
Great
Captain
Bellisarius
,
died
in
The
Death
of
Bellisarius
.
disgrace
with
his
Prince
,
and
by
that
means
,
fell
into
so
great
Poverty
,
that
History
observes
it
,
as
a
very
extraordinary
Example
of
the
instability
of
humane
Affairs
;
though
there
are
some
Writers
,
who
not
only
doubt
of
what
has
been
remark'd
of
him
,
but
say
on
the
contrary
,
that
he
died
in
the
greatest
height
of
Glory
and
Riches
,
cherish'd
by
Justinian
as
he
deserved
,
for
the
great
services
he
had
rendered
to
the
Emperor
,
and
Empire
.
Others
say
,
it
was
John
the
Exconsul
,
who
carried
on
the
Wars
in
Africa
after
Belisarius
,
who
was
depriv'd
of
all
his
Dignities
,
and
reduc'd
to
Beggary
by
Justinian
.
Justinian
died
,
he
had
done
things
worthy
The
Death
of
Justinian
.
of
Eternal
Memory
,
but
he
eclipsed
the
Glory
of
them
,
having
showed
himself
too
Passionate
in
Business
of
very
little
importance
concerning
Religion
;
yet
by
his
Obstinacy
,
he
disturbed
the
Peace
of
the
Church
,
and
was
at
last
infected
with
Eutychian
Errors
.
From
Christ
565.
Justin
,
the
second
of
that
Name
,
Son
his
Successor
.
to
the
Sister
of
Justinian
,
succeeded
him
in
the
Empire
.
A
vicious
Prince
,
and
very
cruel
to
one
Justin
,
his
near
Kinsman
,
whom
he
put
to
death
out
of
Envy
,
sugjested
against
him
,
because
of
the
Reputation
he
acquired
by
his
excellent
Qualities
.
He
was
ungrateful
to
Narses
,
whom
he
treated
ignominously
,
after
the
great
Services
this
brave
Eunuch
had
rendered
to
The
History
of
Marses
.
The
Lombards
in
Italy
.
the
Empire
,
which
occasioned
considerable
Disorders
;
for
Narses
incenst
by
his
ill
usage
,
called
the
Lombards
into
Italy
.
Neither
Be●isarius
nor
Narses
,
are
to
be
thought
to
have
been
Eunuchs
,
according
to
the
common
Acceptation
of
the
Word
,
but
rather
Lord
Chamberlains
to
the
Emperor
;
Eunuchs
being
one
who
looks
afther
the
Chambers
of
a
Prince
.
These
People
,
originally
from
Scythia
,
had
planted
themselves
in
the
Northern
part
of
Germany
,
from
whence
invited
by
Narses
,
they
were
brought
into
Italy
,
by
Albovin
or
Alboinus
their
King
,
who
easily
became
Masters
of
Friouli
,
having
taken
Aquileia
,
and
afterwards
Pavia
,
and
Millan
,
with
all
that
part
of
Italy
,
which
from
the
Name
of
this
People
,
is
still
called
Lombardy
.
In
the
mean
time
,
Narses
being
dead
,
the
Emperor
sent
Longinus
into
Italy
with
the
Title
of
Exarke
;
he
and
his
Successors
The
Exark●●e
of
Ravenna
Bishop
of
Rome
.
in
that
Command
,
made
their
usual
residence
at
Revenna
,
a
Neighbouring
City
to
the
Lombards
,
with
design
to
oppose
them
,
John
the
Third
Bishop
of
Rome
,
and
Successor
to
Pelagius
died
.
From
Christ
572.
Albouin
,
King
of
the
Lombards
,
having
King
of
the
Lombards
at
a
great
Feast
,
made
his
Wife
Rosamunda
,
drink
out
of
a
Cup
made
of
the
Scull
of
her
Father
;
this
cruelty
so
incensed
her
,
that
she
caused
her
Husband
to
be
kill'd
.
From
Christ
574.
The
Lombards
put
in
his
place
Clophis
or
Clephes
,
who
died
within
a
Year
;
the
People
The
Duke
of
Lombardy
.
being
wearied
with
the
Kingly
Government
,
chose
Thirty
Dukes
,
to
whom
the
Administration
of
the
Kingdom
was
committed
.
From
Christ
575.
Bishop
of
Rome
.
Benedict
,
or
Bonosus
,
Successor
to
John
the
Third
died
.
From
Christ
577.
Justin
by
his
Debaucherys
,
fell
into
a
the
second
's
Death
.
Tiberius
the
second
Emperor
.
great
weakness
of
Body
and
Mind
,
and
at
length
died
:
Tiberius
who
had
Governed
,
during
the
infirmity
of
Justin
,
succeeded
him
at
his
Death
with
a
general
applause
as
his
great
Qualities
deserv'd
,
being
reproved
by
his
Wife
for
being
too
liberal
to
the
Poor
;
he
reply'd
,
God
would
repay
him
,
and
soon
after
found
a
vast
Treasure
,
which
had
been
hid
by
Narses
the
Eunuch
.
In
the
four
Years
of
his
Reign
,
the
Exarks
maintained
a
War
in
Italy
against
the
Lombards
,
while
Mauritius
,
the
Lieutenant
of
Tiberius
,
made
War
against
the
Persians
,
with
great
Glory
and
Advantage
;
so
that
this
brave
chief
,
not
only
obtain'd
the
Honour
of
a
Triumph
,
but
also
to
marry
the
Daughter
of
his
Master
,
and
to
be
His
Death
.
Mauritius
his
Successor
.
design'd
his
Successor
in
the
Empire
;
at
length
Tiberius
being
dead
,
Mauritius
took
his
place
with
the
applause
of
the
Senate
and
People
.
From
Christ
583.
Lenigildus
,
King
of
the
Wisigoths
,
submitted
Kings
of
the
Wisigoths
in
Spain
.
himself
with
all
that
the
Sweve●
were
possest
of
,
viz.
Lusitania
,
and
some
other
parts
more
Northern
of
that
Country
,
where
six
or
Seven
Swevish
King●
The
end
of
the
Swevish
Kings
in
Spain
.
had
Reigned
successively
for
the
space
of
a
Hundred
and
Seventy
Years
.
The
Lombards
took
away
the
Government
Kings
of
the
Lombards
.
of
their
States
,
from
their
Thirty
Dukes
,
and
re-establish'd
their
Monarchy
,
by
setting
Antaris
,
rather
Autharus
on
the
Throne
,
the
Son
of
Cleophis
,
or
Clephes
,
who
had
been
their
King
.
Under
this
Antaris
,
or
Autarus
,
his
Subjects
who
till
that
time
were
Idolaters
,
On
the
contrary
,
the
Wisigoths
in
Spain
of
Arrians
,
became
Catholicks
with
their
King
Ricaredus
,
the
Son
and
Successor
to
Lewigildus
,
Hermenigildus
;
the
Eldest
,
had
before
made
profession
of
the
Catholick
Faith
,
by
the
perswasion
of
his
Wife
,
a
French
Princess
,
which
caused
a
great
difference
between
this
Prince
and
his
Father
,
who
was
extreamly
bigotted
to
Arrianism
,
so
that
at
last
they
came
to
an
open
War
,
wherein
Hermenigildus
being
taken
Prisoner
,
his
Father
caused
him
to
be
beheaded
.
Pelagius
the
second
,
Bishop
of
Rome
,
Bishop
of
Rome
.
Successor
to
Benedict
,
died
of
the
Plague
,
which
desolated
Italy
.
From
Christ
598.
Antaris
,
or
Autharus
,
King
of
the
Lombards
Kings
of
the
Lombards
.
being
dead
,
they
gave
to
Theodolinda
his
Queen
Dowager
,
the
power
to
name
a
Successor
for
her
Bed
,
and
for
the
Throne
:
She
chose
Aigulphus
,
to
whom
,
as
well
as
to
all
the
Kingdom
,
she
procured
the
greatest
Happiness
,
perswading
them
to
become
Catholicks
.
In
the
six
Perousia
,
Spoletta
,
Beneventum
and
Cortona
.
Of
the
four
Sons
of
Clotaire
,
Charibert
Kings
of
the
French
King
of
Paris
,
dying
without
issue
Male
,
Sigibert
King
of
Metz
,
and
Chilperic
King
of
Soissons
,
quarrelled
about
the
Succession
.
Sigibert
having
overcome
Chilperick
in
Battle
,
took
Paris
,
but
he
was
killed
soon
after
by
the
Intriegues
of
Fredegonda
,
whom
Chilperic
had
espouzed
in
the
place
of
Audery
his
lawful
Wife
;
so
Chilpric
became
Master
of
Paris
,
yet
but
for
a
short
time
:
For
Frediganda
caused
him
to
be
killed
by
Landry
de
la
Tour
,
her
Gallant
,
to
prevent
Landry
.
Chilperic
had
put
to
death
Meroveus
and
Clovis
,
whom
he
had
by
his
Wife
Audery
;
so
Clotaire
the
second
,
whom
he
had
by
On
the
other
side
,
Gontrian
King
of
Orleans
,
dying
without
Children
,
let
by
his
last
Testament
,
his
Dominions
to
his
other
Nephew
Childebart
,
King
of
Austrasia
,
who
by
what
was
left
him
,
becoming
very
powerful
,
made
a
resolution
to
revenge
the
death
of
his
Father
on
Fredegunda
,
but
he
was
overcome
in
Battle
by
her
,
who
was
there
present
,
holding
in
her
Arms
the
Young
.
Clotaire
.
Childebert
,
being
deeply
perplex'd
,
and
,
asham'd
to
have
been
overcome
by
a
Woman
,
fell
sick
and
died
,
leaving
two
Sons
,
Theodobert
King
of
Austrasia
,
and
Thierry
King
of
Burgundia
both
of
them
under
So
all
the
French
Monarky
being
Govern'd
by
two
Women
,
one
as
wicked
as
the
other
,
it
was
not
long
before
they
fell
out
.
Fredegunda
was
the
more
Fortunate
;
for
she
had
always
great
Success
in
War
against
Brunehault
,
so
that
she
left
her
Son
Clotaire
in
quiet
Possession
of
the
Kingdoms
of
Paris
and
Soissons
.
This
Woman
though
she
was
guilty
of
many
Crimes
,
yet
died
a
natural
Death
.
Aigulphus
King
of
the
Lombards
,
had
made
Peace
with
the
Exark
in
Italy
;
the
Emperor
Mauritius
,
also
concluded
a
Peace
with
Cosroes
,
the
Son
,
Successor
and
Murtherer
of
his
Father
Hormisdas
;
and
in
France
,
Brunehauld
lost
her
credit
with
her
two
Grandsons
.
The
three
Kings
lived
in
great
Amity
,
so
that
there
was
a
Century
.
From
Christ
600.
The
learned
Men
,
who
lived
at
that
The
Learned
Men.
Jornandes
time
,
were
Jornandes
a
Gothish
Bishop
,
who
Writ
the
History
of
the
Wars
between
his
Nation
and
the
Romans
.
Agathyas
,
Count
Marcellinus
composed
the
Annals
Justinian
.
Evagrius
,
the
Ecclesiastical
Mauritius
.
Gregory
The
Seventh
Age.
THe
Sclavonians
,
a
people
of
Scythia
,
The
Death
of
Mauritius
.
the
Emperor
Mauritius
,
and
cut
off
his
Head
.
From
Christ
603.
After
he
had
done
the
same
to
his
Children
before
their
Fathers
Eyes
,
which
he
endured
with
a
Resignation
and
Patience
,
most
like
a
Christian
:
He
was
●
Prince
worthy
of
high
esteem
for
his
great
Qualitys
,
had
he
not
dishonour'd
them
by
his
extream
Avarice
,
of
which
he
gave
a
most
cruel
Example
,
upon
an
occasion
where
he
suffered
a
great
number
of
Prisoners
,
taken
by
the
Sclavonians
to
be
slaughtered
,
rather
then
he
would
ransome
them
at
a
Crown
a
head
,
the
Sclavonians
offering
to
release
them
for
that
price
.
Gregory
,
Bishop
of
Rome
,
called
the
Great
,
the
Great
,
Bishop
of
Rome
.
Successor
to
Pelagius
the
second
,
died
.
Among
his
Works
,
there
are
somethings
very
curious
;
others
tainted
with
Superstition
,
which
began
to
be
introduc'd
into
the
Church
.
It
is
also
markt
of
him
,
that
he
refused
to
explain
the
Maximes
of
Christianity
;
he
is
likewise
much
blamed
for
the
flattering
ways
he
used
to
Phocas
,
who
was
rather
look'd
on
as
a
Tyrant
,
then
a
lawful
Emperor
.
From
Christ
604.
The
Native
Britans
had
been
Christians
for
three
or
four
Centurys
;
but
the
English
The
affairs
of
England
Saxons
,
who
had
been
Masters
of
that
Island
,
for
a
Hundred
and
Fifty
Years
,
were
Pagans
:
They
had
divided
their
Conquests
into
several
Monarkys
;
Ethelbert
,
turn●d
Christian
.
King
of
Mercia
,
which
was
the
greatest
of
those
Kingdoms
,
by
the
perswasion
of
Birtha
his
Wife
,
a
French
Princess
,
was
very
willing
to
embrace
Christianity
;
upon
which
,
Gregory
sent
him
Augustin
the
the
Monk
sent
into
England
.
Monk
,
with
some
others
,
who
Baptized
him
,
and
introduced
as
much
,
as
they
could
possibly
,
the
Ceremonies
of
Rome
into
that
Church
,
which
the
Ancient
Brittish
Bishops
fiercly
opposed
.
From
Christ
605.
Sabinianus
,
Bishop
of
Rome
,
and
Successor
Bishop●
of
Rome
.
to
Gregory
,
was
remarkable
for
nothing
,
but
for
his
hatred
he
exprest
against
the
Memory
of
his
Predecessor
,
and
for
his
most
sordid
Avarice
:
There
was
a
Years
interval
between
his
Death
,
and
the
Election
of
Boniface
the
Third
;
and
ten
Months
from
the
Death
of
that
Boniface
,
and
the
choosing
of
Boniface
the
Fourth
.
From
Christ
607.
In
the
time
of
Gregory
,
John
,
called
the
Younger
,
Bishop
of
Constantinople
,
had
assumed
The
Tyrannick
Government
of
this
Usurper
,
From
Christ
610.
Theodebert
,
King
of
Austrasia
,
scandaliz'd
at
the
most
dissolute
Life
of
his
Grandmother
Kings
of
the
French
Brunehauld
,
banish'd
her
his
Court
:
She
being
retired
to
the
Court
of
her
other
Grandson
Thierry
,
King
of
Burgundy
,
perswaded
him
,
that
Theodebert
was
not
the
Son
of
Childebert
,
which
made
a
War
between
the
two
Brothers
,
where
Theodebert
was
killed
:
Not
long
after
,
Brunehauld
disgusted
by
Thierry
,
poyson'd
him
,
and
set
up
for
King
,
one
of
his
Bastards
:
But
The
Death
of
Brunehault
.
the
Nobility
of
the
two
Kingdoms
of
Austrasia
,
and
Burgundy
,
not
being
able
longer
to
suffer
this
most
wicked
Woman
,
delivered
her
up
to
Clotaire
;
who
punish'd
her
as
her
most
heinous
Crimes
deserved
:
So
all
the
Royal
Members
of
the
French
Monarchy
were
re-united
,
under
one
Chief
,
Clotair
the
Second
.
From
Christ
614.
John
the
Exarch
was
slain
by
the
People
,
enraged
against
him
,
for
laying
too
The
affairs
of
Italy
.
heavy
Taxes
on
them
.
Eleutherius
,
who
was
chose
in
his
place
,
abusing
the
Peoples
Favours
,
declared
himself
King
of
Italy
.
He
enjoyed
that
Royalty
but
a
very
short
time
;
for
he
was
soon
after
killed
by
those
who
had
chosen
him
.
Deodatus
,
Bishop
of
Rome
,
and
Successor
Bishop
of
Rome
.
to
Boniface
the
Fourth
,
died
,
and
had
for
his
Successor
Boniface
the
Fifth
.
The
eight
following
Years
were
spent
A
War
against
the
Persians
.
by
Heraclius
,
in
making
War
against
Cosroes
King
of
Persia
,
who
had
seized
on
a
part
of
Asia
the
Lesser
,
and
of
all
Syria
:
Heraclius
drove
him
from
thence
,
and
pursued
him
even
beyond
Euphrates
,
having
gained
many
Advantages
over
him
in
all
Rencounters
.
From
Christ
625.
Boniface
the
Fifth
,
Bishop
of
Rome
,
being
Bishop
●f
Rome
.
dead
,
Honarius
succeeded
him
.
From
Christ
626.
Cosroes
having
chose
his
younger
Son
Kings
of
Persia
.
for
his
Successor
,
was
,
for
that
Reason
,
killed
by
his
eldest
Son
Siro●s
;
who
by
that
means
ascended
the
Throne
,
and
presently
concluded
a
Peace
with
Heraclius
;
restoring
to
him
,
among
other
Condititions
,
a
piece
of
the
Wood
of
the
Cross
,
From
Christ
628.
Anastatius
,
Bishop
of
Antioch
,
framed
the
Heresie
of
the
Monothelites
,
which
was
Mahomet
died
:
He
had
begun
to
publish
Arabia
Faelix
,
his
Native
Country
;
where
his
Doctrine
being
not
at
all
relish'd
,
he
was
constrained
to
fly
to
Meccha
;
where
he
was
well
receiv'd
:
From
the
Time
of
his
Flight
,
which
hapned
in
the
Two
and
twentieth
Year
of
this
Century
,
they
took
their
Aera
,
or
Epoche
,
which
they
call
Elgeir
;
that
is
of
the
Mahum●tans
.
to
say
,
the
Flight
;
which
is
termed
Egira
by
Corruption
.
From
Christ
631.
In
the
space
of
nine
Years
after
his
Retreat
,
he
seduc'd
all
Arabia
,
and
a
part
of
Persia
.
After
his
Death
,
his
Father-in-Law
,
Abubeker
,
With
the
Death
of
Isdigerdes
,
ended
the
Dinasty
of
the
Kings
of
Persia
,
originally
of
that
Country
.
The
remainder
of
Persia
having
been
conquered
by
Abubeker
,
who
was
then
made
Caliph
of
the
Mahometans
;
which
Dignity
empower'd
him
with
an
absolute
Authority
over
them
,
as
well
Spiritual
as
Temporal
.
From
Christ
632.
Omar
,
Successor
to
Abubeker
,
and
Son-in-Law
Successor
to
Abubeker
.
His
Conquests
.
to
Mahomet
,
conquered
in
six
Years
from
Heraclius
,
Mesopotamia
,
Syria
,
with
Palestine
,
Aegypt
,
and
all
the
Coasts
of
Africk
,
which
at
present
is
called
Barbary
.
From
Christ
638.
Pope
Honorius
died
.
It
appeared
by
his
Monothelites
.
From
Christ
639.
The
See
of
Rome
had
in
a
short
time
Popes
of
Rome
.
these
three
Popes
,
Severinus
,
John
the
4th
,
and
Theodorus
.
From
Christ
641.
Heraclius
died
.
He
was
infected
with
The
Death
of
Heraclius
.
Monothelitism
,
by
the
three
Patriarchs
,
of
the
three
great
Sees
,
in
the
East
,
Sergius
of
Constantinople
,
Cyrus
of
Alexandria
,
and
Anastatius
of
Antioch
.
Constantine
the
Third
succeeded
his
Father
Heraclius
.
From
Christ
642.
Dagobert
succeeded
his
Father
-
Clotaire
,
the
Second
;
and
Aripert
,
to
whom
his
Father
Kings
of
France
.
had
given
Aquitain
,
being
dead
without
Issue
,
his
Brother
Dagobert
was
King
of
The
Abby
of
St.
Denis
.
all
France
.
He
founded
the
famous
Abbey
of
St.
Denis
,
near
Paris
.
From
Christ
644.
In
his
Life-time
he
gave
Austrasia
to
his
eldest
Son
Sigibert
;
when
he
died
,
he
left
the
rest
of
his
Kingdom
to
Cl●uis
the
Second
,
his
younger
Son
.
Both
of
the
Kings
being
very
young
,
their
Persons
,
and
their
Kingdoms
,
were
governed
by
the
Majors
of
their
Courts
;
and
from
From
Christ
649.
Pope
Theodorus
died
.
He
had
condemned
a
Type
,
or
Form
of
Confession
of
the
Theodorus
had
condemned
this
Type
in
a
Council
at
Rome
,
where
the
Condemnation
had
been
signed
,
with
Ink
mix'd
with
Wine
of
the
Eucharist
.
Martinus
,
Successor
to
Theodorus
,
did
also
condemn
this
Type
;
and
for
that
very
The
Type
of
the
Monothelites
.
Cause
,
the
Exarch
,
Calliopas
,
sent
him
Prisoner
to
Constantinople
,
to
Constant
;
who
banish'd
him
into
the
Taurick
Chersonese
;
where
,
at
five
Years
end
,
he
died
of
extream
Want
.
From
Christ
654.
In
the
mean
time
the
Mahometan
Arabs
,
who
began
to
be
called
Saracens
,
made
Their
Conquests
.
The
Coloss
of
Rhodes
broke
in
pieces
.
themselves
Masters
of
Syria
,
of
the
Isle
of
Rhodes
,
and
of
part
of
Sicily
.
At
Rhodes
they
broke
in
pieces
the
famous
Colossus
,
fallen
down
about
a
thousand
Years
before
.
They
sold
it
in
several
Pieces
to
a
Jew
,
who
was
forc'd
to
employ
Nine
hundred
Camels
to
carry
them
away
.
After
the
taking
of
Rhodes
,
the
Saracens
besieged
by
the
Saracens
.
besieged
Constantinople
;
but
were
repuls'd
,
tho'
they
gained
a
Naval
Victory
,
where
there
was
so
much
Blood
spilt
,
that
the
Sea
was
coloured
with
it
.
The
Exarch
Calliopas
,
ordered
Eugenius
From
Christ
655.
Haly
,
one
of
the
Sons-in-Law
of
Mahomet
,
From
Christ
660.
Constant
forc'd
his
Brother
Theodosius
to
be
a
Deacon
in
the
Church
;
and
after
that
,
he
cruelly
put
him
to
Death
.
The
great
Remorse
he
had
after
it
,
made
him
to
leave
Constantinople
.
He
past
into
Sicily
,
and
from
thence
to
Rome
;
where
the
Pope
comes
to
Rome
.
with
all
his
Clergy
,
went
out
to
meet
him
.
The
Romans
express'd
exceeding
great
Joy
,
to
see
an
Emperor
there
,
when
they
had
been
deprived
a
long
time
of
that
Honour
:
But
their
Joy
was
soon
turn'd
to
Sorrow
;
for
Constant
plundered
them
with
as
much
Barbarity
,
as
ever
the
Goths
and
Vandals
had
done
.
Clouis
the
Second
,
had
left
for
his
Successor
,
Kings
of
France
.
Clotaire
the
Third
,
King
of
Neustria
,
or
the
Western
part
of
France
;
who
also
became
King
of
the
Easterns
,
or
Austrasia
,
by
the
Death
of
Sigebert
,
who
left
no
Sons
.
Clotaire
the
Third
,
had
for
his
Successor
,
his
Son
Childeric
,
and
he
his
Son
Thyerry
.
From
Christ
667.
Constant
died
in
Sicily
:
His
Son
Constantine
The
Death
of
Constant
.
Constantine
IV.
called
Pogonat
.
Mizizius
the
Usurper
the
Fourth
,
called
Pogonat
,
or
the
Bearded
Prince
,
being
come
to
Constantinople
,
did
overcome
and
kill
Mizizius
,
who
had
usurp'd
the
Imperial
Throne
in
the
absence
of
the
Emperor
:
So
Constantine
was
acknowledg'd
Emperor
by
the
Senate
and
People
.
Adeodatus
succeeded
Vitalian
in
the
See
Rome
.
From
Christ
669.
The
Saracens
,
who
possess'd
Syracusa
in
repuls'd
before
Constantinople
.
Sicily
,
twice
besieged
Constantinople
in
one
Year
,
and
were
as
oft
repuls'd
,
with
very
great
loss
of
their
Army
and
Ships
.
From
Christ
672.
Adeodatus
had
for
his
Successor
Domnus
,
From
Christ
678.
Constantine
called
a
Council
at
Constantinople
,
against
the
Monothelites
,
where
their
A
Council
at
Constantinople
.
Errors
were
condemned
.
All
those
Bishops
and
Priests
who
were
infected
with
it
,
were
deposed
,
and
the
Memory
of
the
Dead
,
who
had
asserted
them
,
were
Anathematized
;
among
the
rest
,
that
of
Pope
Honorius
.
From
Christ
680.
Agathon
had
to
succeed
him
,
Leo
the
2d
.
There
were
two
Things
of
him
not
unworthy
The
other
,
He
put
an
end
to
the
Schism
,
which
had
been
,
a
long
time
,
between
the
Church
of
Rome
,
and
that
of
Ravenna
.
He
had
obtained
of
the
Emperor
,
That
the
Arch-Bishops
of
Ravenna
,
should
from
that
time
,
be
always
Consecrated
at
Rome
.
Benedict
the
Second
,
prevailed
also
with
Constantine
,
That
the
Popes
should
,
from
that
time
,
be
Consecrated
,
without
waiting
for
the
Emperor's
Permission
.
From
Christ
684.
Constantine
died
this
Year
,
and
Justinian
From
Christ
685.
John
the
Fifth
,
Conon
,
and
Sergius
succeeded
,
From
Christ
687.
Abdelemech
the
Caliph
,
took
possession
From
Christ
693.
Leontius
usurp'd
the
Throne
,
and
expell'd
Justinian
;
and
after
he
had
cut
off
his
Nose
,
banish'd
him
into
the
Taurick
Chersonese
.
From
Christ
694.
The
Army
that
Leontius
sent
into
Africk
against
the
Saracens
,
revolted
,
and
proclaimed
for
Emperor
,
one
of
their
Chiefs
,
named
,
Tiberius
Absimarus
;
who
being
Cracus
,
Duke
of
the
Sarmatians
,
or
Cracovia
.
From
Christ
398.
In
France
succeeded
to
Thierry
,
one
after
Kings
of
France
.
the
other
,
his
Sons
,
Childebert
the
Second
,
and
Clouis
the
Third
.
From
Christ
700.
The
Eighth
Age.
JOHN
the
Sixth
,
succeeded
Sergius
in
Justinian
escap'd
out
of
Prison
,
and
being
From
Christ
704.
Aripert
,
King
of
the
Lombards
,
gave
to
Pope
John
the
Seventh
,
Successor
to
John
Justinian
assembled
at
Constantinople
,
the
A
Council
in
Trullo
.
Council
,
called
,
In
Trullo
,
from
one
of
the
Halls
in
the
Imperial
Palace
,
where
it
was
held
.
The
Greeks
called
that
Council
the
Sixth
;
because
they
did
nothing
,
but
only
confirmed
the
Condemnation
that
had
been
before
made
against
the
Monothelites
.
From
Christ
707.
Pope
Zizinnius
succeeded
John
the
Seventh
,
From
Christ
708.
Justinian
,
under
pretence
he
had
been
ill
treated
in
his
Exile
,
by
the
Inhabitants
of
the
Taurica
Chersonesus
,
took
a
most
cruel
Revenge
of
them
;
which
made
them
to
revolt
against
him
,
under
the
Conduct
Patricius
Philippicus
,
their
Governour
;
who
found
means
to
kill
Justinian
,
and
to
From
Christ
713.
A
little
while
after
,
Philippicus
had
his
Anastatius
Artemius
,
who
thus
raised
himself
to
the
Imperial
Throne
.
Roderic
King
of
the
Wisigoths
in
Spain
,
The
end
of
the
Kings
of
the
Wisigoths
in
Spain
.
having
ravish'd
the
Wife
of
Count
Julian
,
Governour
of
those
Places
this
King
possest
on
the
Coasts
of
Africk
:
The
injur'd
Husband
being
enraged
,
to
revenge
himself
,
brought
the
Saracens
into
Spain
;
of
which
they
became
Masters
in
a
short
time
,
having
overcome
and
killed
Roderic
in
Battle
.
From
Christ
714.
Theodosius
Treasurer
of
the
Army
,
which
From
Christ
715.
But
the
Army
that
made
War
in
Armenia
,
Leo
Isauricus
,
their
General
;
who
vanquish'd
Theodosius
in
a
Battle
:
Upon
which
this
Theodosius
divesting
himself
of
the
Empire
,
was
made
a
Priest
,
and
Leo
was
acknowledg'd
Emperor
by
the
Senate
,
and
People
,
of
Constantinople
.
In
the
two
following
Years
,
the
Saracens
defeated
before
Constantinople
.
twice
attack'd
Constantinople
:
But
Leo
forc'd
them
to
retire
back
the
first
time
,
and
at
the
second
he
totally
routed
their
Army
.
From
Christ
718.
The
Saracens
being
possess'd
of
Rhodes
,
and
the
greatest
part
of
Sicily
,
in
that
very
same
Year
,
likewise
,
made
themselves
Masters
of
Sardinin
.
It
was
credibly
reported
,
that
the
Body
of
St.
Augustine
was
The
Relicks
of
St.
Augustine
.
buried
in
that
Island
;
it
having
been
brought
thither
from
Africk
.
Luitprand
,
King
of
the
Lombards
,
bought
it
at
a
great
Price
of
the
Saracens
.
From
Christ
720.
In
France
,
Dagobert
the
Second
,
had
succeeded
his
Father
Childebert
;
and
the
Successor
to
Dagobert
,
was
one
Daniel
,
who
was
Kings
of
France
.
called
Chi●peric
;
to
whom
succeeded
Thierry
de
Chelles
.
Under
the
Name
of
these
Fantoms
of
Kings
,
Charles
,
Surnamed
Martel
,
Gregory
the
Second
having
succeeded
In
consequence
of
the
Pope's
Excommunication
,
Luitprand
King
of
the
Lombards
,
being
in
League
with
Gregory
,
seized
on
the
Exarchat
of
Ravenna
;
the
Exarch
,
and
almost
all
the
Emperor's
Officers
,
having
been
killed
in
that
War
.
The
King
of
Lombardy
,
and
the
Pope
,
divided
between
them
the
conquered
Towns
.
From
Christ
729.
A
great
Number
of
the
Saracens
of
Spain
,
defeated
near
Tours
,
in
a
Battle
.
having
past
into
France
,
under
the
Command
of
Abderacmanus
,
or
Abderamus
,
Charles
Martel
defeated
them
near
Toursin
;
a
Battle
where
Abderamus
was
killed
,
with
more
than
Three
hundred
thousand
of
his
Soldiers
.
From
Christ
430.
The
Quarrel
about
Images
depending
▪
Gregory
the
Third
▪
Successor
to
Gregory
the
After
the
Death
of
Thierry
,
Titular
King
The
Affairs
of
France
.
Th●●
p●o●ts
of
Charles
Martel
.
of
France
,
there
were
six
or
seven
Years
of
an
Interregnum
:
Charles
Martel
,
in
the
mean
time
,
possess'd
of
the
whole
Sovereign
Power
,
and
Authority
,
forced
Eude
,
Duke
of
Aquitain
,
with
his
Sons
,
and
Successors
,
Hunaut
,
and
Hatton
,
to
pay
him
Homage
:
He
drove
out
the
Saracens
from
Provence
,
and
the
Lower
Langu●do●
,
and
pursued
his
Conquests
against
them
into
the
midst
of
Spain
.
In
that
Country
,
Pelagius
,
as
he
said
,
was
descended
from
the
ancient
Kings
of
the
W●sigoths
,
and
had
set
up
himself
against
the
Saracens
,
in
the
Mountains
of
Asturia
;
as
likewise
did
his
Son
Favila
,
who
left
his
small
Dominions
to
Alphonso
his
Brother-in-Law
,
who
found
means
to
aggrandize
himself
,
by
the
Advantages
Charles
Martel
had
gained
over
the
Saracens
.
From
Christ
740.
The
Emperor
Leo
died
:
His
Memory
The
Death
of
Leo.
has
been
as
much
calumniated
by
the
Image-Worshippers
,
as
it
was
revered
by
the
contrary
Party
.
The
Historians
of
his
time
,
applaud
him
for
many
Virtues
,
and
say
,
he
was
a
Religious
Observer
of
the
six
first
Councils
.
Constantine
the
Fifth
,
Sur-named
Capronimus
,
From
Christ
741.
Gregory
the
Third
died
;
he
was
fallen
▪
out
with
Luytprand
,
K.
of
the
Lombards
,
who
had
besieged
him
at
Rome
,
and
had
taken
him
there
;
had
it
not
been
by
the
Intercession
of
Charles
Martel
,
whose
Help
the
Pope
implored
;
and
at
the
same
time
sent
him
the
Keys
of
the
Sepulcher
of
St.
Peter
,
with
the
Title
of
Patrician
.
Gregory
had
to
succeed
him
,
Zachari●s
.
In
that
time
lived
John
Damascene
,
and
Beda
.
The
Death
of
Charles
Martel
.
H●●●●ree
Sons
.
Charles
Martel
died
:
He
was
so
powerful
,
that
he
left
his
Three
Sons
,
Ca
〈…〉
an
▪
P●pin
,
and
Grypho
,
Masters
of
the
Kingdom
of
France
.
From
Christ
742.
Artabasades
,
Brother-in-Law
to
Constantine
,
Revolt
punish'd
.
caused
himself
to
be
proclaimed
Emperor
,
at
Constantinople
;
where
re-assuming
his
Authority
,
he
seized
on
the
Usurper
,
and
ordered
his
Eyes
to
be
put
out
.
Hildebrand
,
Grand-Son
to
Luytprand
,
King
Kings
of
the
Lombards
of
the
Lombards
,
was
by
them
deposed
,
and
Rachis
set
up
in
his
place
.
From
Christ
743.
This
Prince
compil'd
a
Supplement
to
the
Laws
of
that
Nation
:
He
made
himself
a
Monk
;
upon
which
the
Lombards
substituted
Aistulphus
.
Carloman
turning
also
a
Monk
,
the
sole
sole
Monarch
of
France
.
Power
of
the
French
Monarchy
devolved
to
Pepin
:
Grypho
being
so
inconsiderable
,
that
they
made
no
Account
of
him
.
From
Christ
750.
At
length
Pepin
was
solemnly
declared
This
wretched
Fantom
was
shaved
,
and
put
into
a
Monastery
.
From
Christ
752.
Pope
Zacharias
died
:
He
had
consented
Constantine
▪
caused
a
Council
to
be
held
From
Christ
754.
Alstulphus
,
King
of
the
Lombards
,
having
taken
Ravenna
,
Pope
Stephen
the
Second
came
into
France
,
to
implore
Help
of
Pepin
.
This
King
going
into
Italy
,
forc'd
the
From
Christ
756.
Hunau't
,
Duke
of
Aquitain
,
being
turned
Monk
,
and
Giafre
his
Son
refusing
to
pay
Homage
to
Pepin
,
this
Prince
compelled
him
to
do
his
Duty
.
Pope
Paul
had
succeeded
his
Brother
From
Christ
768.
Pepin
died
,
leaving
Neustria
to
Charles
,
〈◊〉
Death
〈◊〉
P●pin
.
his
eldest
Son
;
and
Austrasia
to
his
younger
Son
Carloman
.
From
Christ
769.
Carloman
having
lived
but
two
Years
after
his
Father
,
all
the
French
Monarchy
descended
to
Charlemain
,
so
called
for
his
high
Merit
,
and
great
Actions
.
From
Christ
771.
After
Stephen
the
Third
,
Adrian
was
From
Christ
774.
Charlemain
being
victorious
,
made
himself
King
of
Italy
.
to
be
Crowned
King
of
Italy
,
by
the
Arch-Bishop
of
Millan
,
in
a
little
Town
called
Monza
;
where
was
kept
the
Iron
The
Emperor
Constantine
died
,
leaving
The
Death
of
Constantine
.
his
Memory
to
be
detested
by
the
Image-Worshippers
,
and
to
be
honoured
by
those
who
opposed
that
Worship
.
His
Son
,
and
Successor
,
Leo
the
Fourth
,
his
Son
,
and
Successor
.
followed
his
Father's
Opinion
in
that
Point
.
From
Christ
775.
Adalgize
,
the
Son
of
Dedier
,
having
by
the
Son
of
Dedyer
,
drivec
ou●
of
Italy
,
by
Charlemain
.
the
Assistance
of
the
Emperor
Leo
,
regain'd
part
of
Lombardy
,
Charlemain
returned
thither
,
drove
out
Adalgize
,
and
recovered
all
he
had
taken
.
From
Christ
776.
Charlemain
made
his
first
Expedition
against
His
first
War
against
the
Saxons
.
the
Saxons
;
which
was
attended
with
his
usual
good
Success
.
In
an
Assembly
held
by
him
at
Paderburn
,
he
was
importun'd
to
pass
into
Spain
Against
the
Saracens
in
Spain
.
against
the
Saracens
,
by
Adala
,
one
of
their
Kings
,
who
was
at
Difference
with
the
other
Kings
of
that
Country
.
From
Christ
777.
Charlemain
went
thither
,
where
he
conquered
all
the
Country
that
lies
along
the
Pyreneans
,
from
one
Sea
to
the
other
;
containing
Navarre
,
Arragon
,
and
Catalonia
;
yet
he
received
a
Check
in
his
return
,
at
the
Pass
of
Roncevaux
,
in
the
Pyreneans
;
where
he
lost
,
among
others
,
his
Nephew
,
The
Saxons
having
been
often
beaten
,
Duke
of
the
Saxons
.
and
as
often
reduc'd
,
at
last
submitted
themselves
,
embracing
Christianity
with
their
brave
Duke
Vindikind
.
The
Emperor
Leo
the
Fourth
died
,
in
The
Death
of
Leo
IV.
high
Esteem
with
those
who
were
against
Worshipping
of
Images
;
and
,
on
the
contrary
,
as
much
condemned
by
those
who
favoured
it
.
His
Son
,
and
Successor
,
Constantine
the
Sixth
,
called
Porphyrogenitus
,
being
not
above
his
Mother
.
Nine
Years
old
,
was
left
under
the
Tutelage
of
his
Mother
Irene
.
From
Christ
780.
She
called
together
a
Council
at
Nice
,
The
Second
Council
at
Nice
for
Images
.
to
establish
the
Worship
of
Images
,
which
was
done
by
a
Concert
between
the
Eastern
Bishops
of
Irene's
Party
,
and
the
Legates
of
Pope
Adrian
.
From
Christ
787.
Charlemain
caused
a
Council
to
be
assembled
The
Council
at
Franckfort
against
Images
.
at
Franckfort
,
on
the
Main
,
where
he
was
present
with
Three
hundred
Bishops
,
from
all
parts
of
the
West
;
who
condemned
the
Worship
of
Images
:
Nor
did
Pope
Adrian
,
whose
Legates
were
there
,
oppose
this
Condemnation
.
From
Christ
794.
This
Pope
died
,
having
sate
in
the
Papal
From
Christ
796.
Constantine
being
grown
up
a
Man
,
Irene
,
s
Cruelty
to
her
Son
.
his
Mother
,
finding
she
could
no
longer
support
her
Authority
in
the
Government
,
in
a
Rage
,
put
out
her
Son's
Eyes
.
Heaven
was
so
highly
incens'd
at
this
horrid
Cruelty
,
that
for
Seventeen
Days
Constantinople
was
deprived
of
the
Light
of
the
Sun
.
From
Christ
797.
Pope
.
Leo
having
been
put
in
Prison
by
his
Predecessor's
Kindred
,
who
accused
him
of
many
Crimes
,
the
Commissaries
of
Charlemain
releas'd
him
:
He
then
came
into
France
,
to
justifie
himself
before
Charlemain
,
The
King
sent
him
back
to
Rome
,
where
he
also
went
himself
,
in
the
last
Year
of
this
Century
,
to
be
fully
informed
of
that
Affair
.
The
Pope
clear'd
himself
by
his
Oath
,
which
the
King
made
him
take
.
This
being
done
,
the
Romans
proclaimed
From
Christ
800.
The
Ninth
Age.
THE
Senate
and
People
of
Constantinople
,
wearied
with
the
ill
Government
of
a
very
perverse
,
unnatural
,
Woman
,
Emperor
.
The
Treaty
between
him
and
Charlemain
.
expelled
Irene
,
and
plac'd
on
the
Imperial
Throne
,
Nicephorus
,
one
of
the
chief
Officers
of
the
Court.
Charlemain
treated
with
Nicephorus
,
about
the
Rights
and
Laws
of
the
Empire
.
The
two
Emperors
agreed
to
divide
the
Titles
and
Priviledges
of
their
Empires
;
so
that
Charles
,
and
his
Successors
,
should
have
the
Western
Parts
,
as
Nicephorus
,
and
his
Successors
,
the
Eastern
,
From
Christ
803.
The
Seven
following
Years
were
peaceable
in
the
West
;
on
the
contrary
,
in
the
East
,
the
Caliph
Aaron
waged
War
so
successfully
,
Emperor
,
and
made
himself
a
Monk
of
his
Son
Stauratius
.
From
Christ
810.
Nicephorus
was
killed
in
a
Battle
against
the
Bulgarians
;
his
Son
Stauratius
being
dangerously
wounded
,
fled
to
Constantinople
:
But
he
was
there
compelled
to
resign
the
Empire
to
Michael
Curopalatus
;
who
enjoyed
it
but
two
Years
;
for
in
an
extream
Fit
of
Melancholly
,
occasioned
by
his
being
overcome
by
the
Bulgarians
,
he
turned
Monk
,
and
Leo
the
Fifth
,
an
Armenian
,
From
Christ
813.
The
Emperor
Charlemain
died
in
the
The
Death
of
Charlemain
.
Seventy
Second
Year
of
his
Age
,
and
the
Forty
Eighth
of
his
Reign
in
France
,
and
the
Fourteenth
of
his
Emperialship
:
A
Prince
endued
with
all
the
greatest
Qualities
could
be
desir'd
in
a
Monarch
,
except
his
Incontinence
:
He
was
greatly
learn'd
;
he
had
for
his
Tutor
,
the
famous
The
University
of
Paris
founded
.
Grimbaud
founded
Oxford
and
Cambridge
.
Kings
of
England
.
Alcuin
,
an
English-man
;
who
,
't
is
said
,
was
the
first
Founder
of
the
University
of
Paris
;
as
also
,
that
Grimbaud
,
his
Disciple
,
went
over
into
England
,
and
laid
the
Foundations
of
the
Universities
of
Oxford
and
Cambridge
.
From
Christ
814.
England
was
become
one
sole
Monarchy
,
under
King
Egbart
;
Edgar
,
his
Successor
,
reigned
at
that
time
:
It
was
he
who
sent
for
Grimbaud
,
upo●●●e
Occasion
before-mentioned
.
Of
three
lawful
Sons
that
Charlemain
The
Three
Sons
of
Charlemain
.
had
,
Charles
,
the
eldest
,
died
without
Issue
.
Pepin
,
who
died
before
his
Father
,
had
left
his
Son
Bernard
,
to
succeed
him
in
the
Kingdom
of
Italy
.
the
Debonair
,
Emperor
and
King
of
France
.
Louis
,
Sur-named
,
The
Debonair
,
enjoyed
all
the
rest
,
with
the
Title
of
Emperor
,
and
King
of
France
.
Pope
Leo
the
Third
,
had
for
his
Successor
,
From
Christ
817.
Bernard
King
of
Italy
,
attempted
to
dethrone
his
Uncle
Lewis
;
but
this
young
Prince
being
abondoned
by
all
his
adherents
,
came
and
threw
himself
at
his
Unkles
feet
,
but
this
Louis
so
Debonair
,
and
Clement
,
to
all
others
,
was
not
at
all
so
to
his
Nephew
,
for
he
most
cruelly
caused
his
Eyes
to
be
put
out
,
of
which
he
soon
after
died
.
From
Christ
818.
The
Death
of
Bernard
King
of
Italy
.
Michael
Balbus
,
Emperor
.
At
Constantinople
Michael
Balbus
,
a
great
person
in
the
Court
but
of
obfcure
Parentage
,
convicted
of
Treason
,
for
which
he
was
condemned
to
dye
;
found
means
to
escape
out
of
Prison
,
and
to
kill
the
Emperor
Leo
,
and
to
set
himself
on
his
Throne
.
Pascall
died
,
he
had
acquitted
himself
From
Christ
826.
The
Saracens
of
Spain
had
reconquered
all
that
Charlemaine
had
took
from
them
,
except
Catalonia
:
The
Naverroise
abandoned
by
the
French
,
chose
for
their
King
Eneco
,
or
Inigo
Arista
,
who
was
also
chose
King
of
Navarre
,
and
Arragon
.
King
by
those
of
Arragon
Michael
Balbus
,
Emperor
of
the
East
,
died
,
after
he
had
lived
such
a
Life
,
that
witnessed
he
had
neither
Conscience
,
nor
Religion
:
Theophylus
his
Son
and
Suecessor
Emperor
of
the
East
.
had
Qualities
,
far
different
from
those
of
his
Father
.
From
Christ
828.
The
Emperor
Louis
by
his
first
Marriage
had
Three
Sons
,
Lothaire
,
Pepin
and
Louis
;
he
gave
to
each
of
them
a
part
of
his
Dominions
,
with
the
Title
of
King
.
Italy
to
Lothaire
,
whom
he
had
also
Associated
to
the
Empire
.
Aquitain
to
Pepin
,
and
Bavaria
to
Louis
.
The
three
Brothers
displeased
that
their
Father
had
also
given
Burgundy
,
with
the
Title
of
King
,
to
his
Fourth
Son
Charles
,
whom
he
had
of
Judith
his
second
Wife
;
They
conspired
against
From
Christ
834.
Pepin
King
of
Aquitain
dyed
,
leaving
a
the
younger
King
of
Aquitaine
.
Son
of
the
same
name
,
from
whom
his
Grandfather
,
took
away
a
part
of
his
Dominions
to
bestow
them
on
his
beloved
Son
Charles
,
Louis
the
Debonaire
died
,
After
his
Death
,
his
Sons
made
a
bloody
War
against
one
another
;
Lonhair
who
had
the
Title
of
Emperor
,
Joyned
with
his
Nephew
Pepin
King
of
Aquitain
,
against
Louis
King
of
Bavaria
,
and
Charles
King
of
Neustria
.
The
two
Parties
came
near
to
Fountaney
in
Burgundy
,
and
found
such
a
bloody
Battle
,
that
never
were
so
many
French
slain
in
one
day
;
for
there
was
killed
a
Hundred
thousand
Men
on
both
sides
,
so
that
the
Armies
being
equally
disabled
,
they
were
forc'd
to
make
Peace
.
From
Christ
841.
The
three
Brothers
,
concluding
a
Treaty
without
making
the
least
mention
of
Pepin
,
agreed
that
Charles
should
have
France
,
Louis
the
Eastern
with
Bavaria
,
and
all
that
lay
beyond
the
Rhine
;
from
thence
it
had
the
Sirname
of
Germany
:
Lothaire
with
the
Title
of
Emperor
had
Italy
,
France
,
Gaul
,
Narbonese
and
Austrasia
:
This
last
Country
was
called
Lotherne
,
or
the
Kingdom
of
The
Name
of
Lorraine
.
Lothaire
by
Contraction
or
Corruption
,
it
was
afterward
called
Lorraine
.
From
Christ
834.
Gregory
the
Fourth
died
,
he
had
Abetted
From
Christ
844.
Leo
the
Fourth
,
who
succeeded
Sergius
,
durst
not
offer
to
Execute
the
Papal
Authority
without
the
Emperors
Confirmation
.
From
Christ
847.
The
Normans
began
to
infest
the
Seas
,
The
French
Brittains
re-establisht
their
The
Re-establishment
of
the
Kingdom
of
Brittany
.
little
Monarchy
,
disturbed
by
the
Conquests
Charle●ain
had
made
of
their
Country
,
Neomenes
Prince
of
the
Blood
of
their
Antient
Kings
,
resumed
the
Quality
of
his
Ancestors
.
From
Christ
849.
The
Saracens
ravaged
Italy
,
even
to
the
Ramire
Son
of
Alphonso
the
Chaste
King
of
Leon
,
obtained
a
great
Victory
over
the
Saracens
in
Spain
;
and
by
that
made
himself
Master
of
a
part
of
Castile
the
Old
.
King
Charles
of
Neustria
got
to
himself
From
Christ
852.
After
Leo
the
Fourth
,
there
be
those
who
place
in
the
See
of
Rome
,
a
Woman
named
Joan
,
who
held
it
two
years
:
Leo.
From
Christ
855.
The
Emperor
Lothaire
made
himself
a
The
Emperor
Lothaire
.
made
himself
a
Monk
.
Monk
in
the
Abbey
of
Prom
in
Lorrain
,
where
he
died
a
little
after
.
He
had
divided
his
Dominions
among
his
three
Sons
;
giving
to
Lewis
the
eldest
Italy
,
with
the
Title
of
Emperor
Lorrain
or
Austrasia
to
Lothaire
,
Burgundy
and
Provence
to
Charles
.
To
Bennet
the
Third
,
succeedd
Nicholas
a
strong
vigorous
Man
,
and
very
much
inclined
to
Agrandize
the
See
of
Rome
.
From
Christ
858.
Charles
King
of
Neustria
,
gave
Holland
The
Earledoms
of
Holland
and
Flanders
.
with
the
Title
of
Earldom
to
Thierry
,
from
whom
are
descended
the
Earls
of
that
Country
:
As
also
those
of
Flanders
from
Baldwin
,
to
whom
the
same
Charles
gave
that
County
,
under
the
like
Title
.
This
Baldwin
had
stole
away
one
of
the
Daughters
of
Charles
,
and
had
Married
her
against
her
Fathers
consent
.
The
Pope
excomunicated
the
Lorrain
Bishops
,
who
had
Divorced
their
King
Lothaire
from
his
Wife
Thidberga
:
The
Bishops
on
their
part
Excomunicated
the
Pope
,
and
the
King
Married
annother
Wife
called
Valdrada
.
The
Pope
having
likewise
Excommunicated
Photius
,
Patriark
of
Constantinople
,
was
also
Excomunicated
by
him
;
the
principle
cause
of
the
Quarrel
was
,
that
Photius
did
A
Quarrel
between
the
Pope
and
the
Bishops
of
Lorrain
.
not
at
all
acknowledge
the
Superiority
Nicholaus
pretended
over
all
the
other
Bishops
:
The
apparent
cause
was
the
Deposing
Ignatius
by
Bardas
Unkle
to
the
young
Emperor
Michael
Porphirogenitus
Son
to
Theophilus
;
Bardas
having
put
Photius
in
the
place
of
Ignatius
,
Nicholaus
took
the
part
of
the
Deposed
;
the
business
remained
thus
,
Basilius
of
Macedonia
whom
Michael
had
raised
to
the
Empire
,
from
one
he
had
made
use
of
to
tame
his
Horses
,
and
drive
his
Chariots
,
having
ungratefully
killed
Michael
,
and
by
that
means
placing
himself
on
the
Imperial
Throne
,
immediately
deposed
Photius
.
From
Christ
866.
Pope
Nich●las
died
,
he
had
principally
employed
himself
to
aggrandize
the
Papal
See
;
and
took
no
Notice
of
an
essential
A
Dispute
between
Paschasius
and
Bertram
,
touching
the
Eucharist
.
Affairs
of
France
.
Dispute
between
Paschasius
Ratbert
,
Abbot
of
Corbia
,
and
Bertram
his
Monk
,
concerning
the
Eucharist
.
Adrian
the
Second
succeeded
Nicholas
.
Lothaire
,
and
Charles
being
dead
,
Charles
King
of
Neustria
seized
on
their
Dominions
;
giving
part
of
Lorrain
to
his
Brother
Lewis
the
Germanick
,
but
nothing
at
all
to
the
Emperor
Lewis
,
Brother
to
the
two
deceased
Kings
.
From
Christ
869.
The
Emperor
Bazilius
ordered
a
Council
turned
Christians
.
the
Russians
were
converted
to
Christianity
.
Adrian
the
Second
died
three
Years
after
this
Council
was
held
.
From
Christ
872.
Lewis
the
Second
,
Emperor
,
died
:
Charles
King
of
France
,
his
Uncle
,
arrived
at
Rome
,
before
his
Brother
Lewis
the
Germanick
,
and
was
there
Crowned
Emperor
by
John
the
Eighth
,
Successor
to
Adrian
the
Second
,
to
the
great
Regret
of
Lewis
the
Germanick
;
who
died
,
leaving
three
Sons
,
Carloman
,
Charles
,
and
Lewis
,
who
shared
among
them
their
Father's
Dominions
,
comprising
all
Germany
,
and
that
part
of
Austrasia
that
borders
upon
it
.
From
Christ
876.
The
Emperor
Charles
,
the
Second
,
called
The
Death
of
the
Emperor
Charles
the
Bald.
the
Bald
,
died
,
poyson'd
by
his
Physitian
,
a
Jew
.
Lambert
Count
of
Spoletto
,
and
Albert
Marquess
of
Tuscany
,
put
Pope
John
in
Prison
;
from
whence
being
escap'd
,
he
fled
into
France
,
where
in
a
Council
held
at
Troye
,
he
crowned
Lewis
le
Begue
the
Third
,
From
Christ
880.
Tortulus
,
a
Lord
of
Brittany
,
having
married
a
Kinswoman
of
Charles
the
Bald
,
from
which
Marriage
came
Ingelger
,
who
was
Father
to
Foulques
Rufus
,
the
first
Count
of
Anjou
.
Carloman
King
of
Bavaria
,
being
dead
The
Death
of
Carloman
.
without
lawful
Issue
,
Lewis
and
Charles
divided
his
Dominions
.
Five
Princes
at
that
time
shared
the
Neustria
,
Lewis
and
Carloman
,
the
Sons
of
Lewis
le
Begue
;
and
in
Burgu●dy
,
and
in
Provence
,
Boson
,
who
had
married
the
Sister
of
Charles
the
Bald.
Of
these
five
Princes
,
Charles
le
Gras
having
Emperor
,
the
Third
of
that
Name
.
made
himself
Master
of
Rouse
,
was
Crowned
Emperor
by
the
Pope
.
King
Lewis
died
in
Germany
;
the
Emperor
Charles
inherited
his
Dominions
:
Lewis
,
one
of
the
Kings
of
Neustria
,
being
The
Death
of
the
two
Kings
,
Lewis's
.
also
dead
,
Carloman
,
his
Brother
,
remained
the
sole
King
of
that
Province
.
From
Christ
882.
He
Reigned
but
two
Years
,
at
the
end
of
which
dying
,
the
whole
Monarchy
was
re-united
in
the
Person
of
Charles
the
sole
Emperor
of
France
.
Third
,
Emperor
,
called
the
Fat
;
tho'
there
was
another
Posthumus
Son
of
Lewis
le
Begue
,
named
Charles
;
but
so
very
young
,
that
he
was
not
in
the
least
capable
to
Reign
.
Pope
Adrian
the
Second
died
,
and
had
From
Christ
885.
Paris
besieged
,
by
the
Normans
,
for
two
The
Siege
of
Paris
,
by
the
Normans
.
Years
,
was
raised
,
not
by
Force
of
Arms
,
but
by
a
large
Sum
,
which
Charles
le
Gras
sent
them
.
From
Christ
887.
Basilius
,
Emperor
of
the
East
,
died
,
and
From
Christ
888.
The
Emperor
,
Charles
le
Gras
,
died
so
starved
to
Death
.
forsaken
,
and
abandoned
by
all
,
that
he
had
not
Bread
to
eat
.
There
remained
but
two
Princes
of
all
King
of
Germany
▪
the
Line
of
Charlemain
;
Arnold
,
Bastard
of
Carloman
,
who
was
acknowledg'd
King
of
all
the
French
possest
beyond
the
Rhine
;
that
is
to
say
,
of
all
Germany
:
The
Second
was
Charles
called
the
Simple
,
the
Posthumus
Son
of
Lewis
de
Begue
:
Neustria
belonged
to
him
by
Right
;
but
Eudes
,
the
King
of
Neustria
.
Son
of
Robert
the
Strong
,
Count
of
Anjou
,
was
,
by
the
Neustrians
,
preferred
before
him
.
Two
other
Princes
,
who
were
of
the
Collateral
Line
of
Charlemain
,
shared
between
them
what
was
on
this
side
of
the
Rhine
;
that
is
,
Raoul
had
the
two
Burgundies
;
King
of
Burgundy
and
Boson
,
before-mentioned
,
possess'd
all
from
Lyons
,
to
the
Mediterranean
,
which
was
called
the
Kingdom
of
Arles
.
From
Christ
889.
In
Italy
,
Guy
Duke
of
Spoleto
,
and
Berenger
Emperor
of
Germany
.
Berenger
King
of
Italy
.
Duke
of
Friuli
,
made
an
Agreement
,
That
Guy
should
have
the
Title
of
Emperor
,
with
the
Kingdom
of
France
;
and
Berenger
,
Italy
:
But
Guy
finding
his
place
in
France
possess'd
by
another
,
returned
into
Italy
,
and
drove
out
Berenger
.
These
two
Princes
were
also
of
the
Collateral
Line
of
Charlemain
,
by
the
Wives
.
From
Christ
890.
Arnoldus
came
to
Rome
,
and
was
there
Italy
.
From
Christ
896.
Pope
Formosus
being
dead
,
his
Memory
Tyber
.
Theodorus
,
Successor
to
Stephen
,
being
dead
within
a
year
,
his
Successor
John
the
Ninth
,
re-establish'd
the
Memory
of
Formosus
,
but
he
disannulled
the
Installment
of
Arnold
,
Crowned
by
Formosus
,
and
confirmed
the
Title
of
Emperor
to
Lambert
.
From
Christ
897.
Charles
,
called
the
Simple
,
had
been
England
.
Eudes
,
who
had
been
made
King
,
being
dead
,
the
Neustrians
recall'd
Charles
,
and
acknowledged
him
their
King
.
From
Christ
898.
Arnold
,
King
of
Germany
and
of
Lorraine
,
dyed
,
leaving
two
Sons
;
Lewis
his
Legitimate
From
Christ
900.
The
Tenth
Age.
LEWIS
King
of
Arles
,
having
made
From
Christ
901.
In
the
first
,
he
was
shamefully
Expelled
;
in
the
second
,
he
lost
his
Eyes
by
the
Command
of
Berenger
,
who
immediately
caused
himself
to
be
Crowned
by
the
Pope
;
so
there
were
two
who
assumed
the
Title
of
Emperor
in
Italy
.
From
John
the
Ninth
being
dead
,
Benedict
the
Fourth
held
the
See
for
two
Years
;
and
after
him
,
Leo
the
Fifth
,
who
was
Deposed
about
the
end
of
forty
Days
,
by
Christophilus
;
and
this
latter
turned
out
at
the
end
of
seven
Months
,
by
Sergius
,
assisted
by
the
Famous
Marozia
,
Wife
to
Guy
Tuscany
.
From
Christ
906.
Rollo
,
Duke
of
the
Normans
,
made
himself
Normandy
.
Charles
the
Simple
,
not
being
able
to
hinder
him
of
it
,
yielded
it
to
him
with
the
Title
of
Dukedom
,
and
gave
him
his
Daughter
Gizell●
i●
Marriage
.
From
Christ
909.
The
Famous
Abby
of
Cluny
was
founded
Aquitain
.
From
Christ
910.
Sergius
,
infamous
for
his
Debauch'd
Life
From
Christ
911.
The
First
King
of
Burgundy
,
to
whom
succeeded
Racul
the
Second
,
his
Son
.
In
Italy
,
the
Emperor
Lambert
left
Berenger
the
Second
,
to
possess
that
Title
.
Lewis
in
Germany
,
the
last
Sovereign
in
that
Kingdom
,
of
the
Male-Line
of
Charlemain
,
left
only
two
Daughters
;
the
first
Marryed
to
Conrade
,
Duke
of
Franconia
;
the
second
to
Henry
,
called
L'Oiseteur
,
Duke
of
Saxony
.
At
Constantinople
,
Leo
the
Fifth
,
termed
From
Christ
912.
Under
the
Guardianship
,
first
of
his
Mother
Zoe
,
and
then
of
Nicephorus
Lacapenus
,
Anastatius
the
Third
,
with
Lando
his
From
Christ
913.
In
Germany
,
Conrade
Duke
of
Franconia
,
by
the
consent
of
other
Princes
,
took
the
Title
of
King
,
and
in
a
Year
after
,
Dying
;
Germany
.
Henry
Loiseleur
his
Successor
.
Henry
,
called
Loiseleur
▪
Duke
of
Saxe
,
assumed
the
same
Title
by
the
Suffrage
of
the
Princes
.
From
Christ
918.
Robert
,
Brother
to
the
dead
King
Eudes
,
took
the
Title
of
King
of
France
,
in
opposition
to
Charles
the
Simple
.
From
Christ
920.
Then
Robert
having
been
kill'd
in
Battel
,
Raoul
Duke
of
Burgundy
,
took
his
From
Christ
923.
Berenger
,
Duke
of
Friouli
,
who
wore
the
Title
of
Emperor
in
Italy
,
being
dead
,
no
Person
was
styled
Emperor
in
the
West
,
till
the
year
Nine
hundred
sixty
two
.
From
Christ
925.
The
Italians
invited
Raoul
King
of
Burgundy
to
be
their
King
;
not
long
after
,
they
expell'd
him
,
and
chose
in
his
place
Hughes
,
who
was
Son
to
the
Daughter
of
young
Lothaire
,
King
of
Lorrain
.
Theodora
,
Mother
to
Marozia
,
had
made
John
the
Tenth
Pope
;
but
Marozia
put
From
Christ
930.
Hughes
,
King
of
Italy
,
Marryed
Marozia
,
his
half
Sister
,
who
was
both
the
Widow
of
Guy
,
and
of
Alberies
,
Marquis
of
Tuscany
:
by
that
means
,
Hughes
firmly
Arles
.
From
Christ
931
:
John
the
Eleventh
,
infamous
for
his
Debaucheries
,
Dyed
and
had
for
his
Successor
,
Leo
the
Seventh
.
From
Christ
935.
After
the
Death
of
Raoul
,
King
of
France
,
the
Nobility
recall'd
out
of
England
,
Lewis
the
Fourth
,
Son
of
Charles
the
〈◊〉
D'
Out
〈…〉
scing
of
France
.
Simple
;
whose
Mother
having
fled
thither
with
him
,
at
the
time
of
his
Father's
Misfortunes
;
for
that
cause
Lewis
had
the
Sur-name
of
Outremer
.
From
Christ
936.
He
had
Marry'd
a
Daug●●er
of
Otho
King
of
Germany
,
who
had
succeeded
Henry
Loyzeleur
his
Father
:
the
two
Kings
having
adjusted
the
Difference
they
had
at
Lorrain
:
Otho
mad●
a
reconciliation
between
Lewis
his
Son-in-Law
,
and
the
chief
Nobility
of
France
,
who
were
disgusted
with
him
:
Among
those
great
Persons
was
Hughes
the
great
Count
of
Paris
,
Son
to
King
Robert
;
Hughes
had
Otho
.
From
Christ
942.
To
Stephen
the
Eighth
,
succeeded
Martin
the
Third
;
and
Agapetus
the
Second
,
From
Christ
946.
To
Rollo
,
Duke
of
Normandy
,
succeeded
Paris
.
From
Christ
950.
The
Italians
expell'd
their
King
Hughes
,
Adelais
,
a
Beautiful
Princess
,
Daughter
to
Lothaire
,
refusing
to
Marry
the
Son
of
Berenger
,
espoused
Otho
King
of
Germany
;
Agapetus
the
Second
,
dyed
,
and
had
for
his
Successor
John
the
Twelfth
,
a
worthy
Lewis
King
of
France
,
dyed
,
leaving
From
Christ
955.
Romanus
poysoned
his
Father
Constantine
,
From
Christ
960.
The
Army
in
Asia
proclaimed
Emperor
,
Nicephorus
Phocas
.
From
Christ
963.
Who
during
the
Six
years
of
his
Reign
,
regained
with
great
Glory
from
the
Saracens
,
Cicilia
,
Antioch
,
with
a
part
of
Syria
,
and
the
Isle
of
Cyprus
:
He
was
kill'd
by
a
Conspiracy
of
the
Nobility
,
who
put
in
his
place
John
Zimiscus
,
chief
of
the
From
Christ
969.
Otho
,
King
of
Germany
,
passed
into
Italy
Rome
,
John
the
Pope
returned
,
and
there
committed
horrible
Excesses
;
at
last
he
was
kill'd
,
taken
in
the
Act
with
a
Marryed
Woman
:
the
Romans
having
also
expel'd
Pope
Leo
,
plac'd
Bennet
the
Fifth
in
the
Chair
:
Otho
,
who
was
gone
back
into
Germany
,
returns
upon
his
occasion
,
Re-establish'd
Leo
,
and
carryed
Bennet
into
Germany
:
Leo
being
dead
,
John
the
Thirteenth
was
made
Pope
,
and
confirm'd
by
Otho
:
the
Romans
offended
that
the
Pope
waited
to
be
Confirmed
,
put
him
in
Prison
;
but
Otho
punish'd
them
very
severely
for
their
Insolence
,
and
Re-establish'd
John
in
the
Papal
See
.
Otho
the
First
died
,
having
acquired
the
Title
of
Great
,
by
his
mighty
Deeds
.
His
Son
Otho
the
Second
,
succeeded
him
.
From
Christ
973.
In
the
remaining
space
of
time
,
Rome
had
these
following
Popes
:
After
the
Death
of
John
the
Thirteenth
,
Domnus
;
three
Months
after
,
Bennet
the
Sixth
;
a
Constantinople
.
From
Christ
975.
Bennet
the
Seventh
,
Son
of
Alberic
,
Count
of
Tusculum
,
was
plac'd
in
the
Chair
,
with
the
consent
of
Otho
.
John
Zimiscus
,
Emperor
of
Constantinople
,
had
great
Success
in
the
War
against
Emperors
of
the
East
.
the
Saracens
:
After
his
Death
,
were
plac'd
on
the
Throne
the
two
Sons
of
Romanus
,
Basilius
and
Constantin
.
From
Christ
977.
Otho
the
Second
,
Emperor
,
and
King
of
The
Death
of
.
Otho
the
Second
.
Kings
of
France
.
Germany
dyed
.
From
Christ
982.
Lewis
the
Fifth
,
Son
of
Lothaire
,
succeeded
his
Father
in
the
Kingdom
of
France
:
Lewis
had
justly
the
Surname
of
the
Idle
Prince
;
he
Reigned
but
Sixteen
Months
,
the
Fifth
deposed
.
and
was
Deposed
by
the
States
General
convened
at
Noyon
,
who
plac'd
on
the
Throne
Hughes
,
surnamed
Capet
,
the
Son
King
of
France
.
of
Hughes
,
Count
of
Paris
;
contrary
to
the
Rights
and
Pretensions
of
Charles
Duke
of
Lorrain
,
Brother
to
their
Deceas'd
King
Lothaire
:
The
French
refusing
Charles
,
because
Duke
of
Lorrain
excluded
he
had
acknowledged
the
Soveraignty
of
the
Emperor
Otho
,
by
paying
him
him
Homage
for
Lorrain
.
From
Christ
987.
Charles
used
his
utmost
Endeavours
against
Hughes
;
but
all
to
no
purpose
,
and
most
unhappily
in
the
end
:
For
being
He
left
two
Sons
,
Otho
,
and
Lewis
;
the
first
died
in
Lorrain
,
without
Issue
;
and
History
makes
no
mention
of
the
other
,
but
only
of
his
Name
.
From
Christ
994.
To
Pope
John
the
Sixteenth
,
succeeded
Otho
the
Third
,
Emperor
,
and
King
of
Germany
,
Son
,
and
Successor
to
Otho
the
the
Second
,
came
into
Italy
,
and
deposed
Pope
John
the
Seventeenth
,
by
reason
This
Pope
took
the
Name
of
Gregory
the
Fifth
.
The
Romans
expelled
him
the
See
,
so
soon
as
Otho
was
returned
into
Germany
;
but
the
Emperor
coming
back
to
Rome
,
Gregory
.
From
Christ
998.
The
latter
being
dead
,
Otho
ordered
Gebert
for
his
Successor
,
who
had
been
Tutor
to
this
Emperor
,
and
also
to
Robert
,
Son
to
Hugh
Capet
,
King
of
France
.
From
Christ
999.
Boleslaus
,
Duke
of
the
Polanders
,
received
made
a
Kingdom
.
the
Title
of
King
from
the
Emperor
Otho
.
From
Christ
1000.
The
Eleventh
Age.
STEPHEN
,
Duke
of
Hungary
,
had
King
of
Hungary
.
the
same
Title
of
King
,
but
held
it
from
the
Pope
.
From
Christ
1001.
Otho
the
Third
died
in
Italy
,
as
it
was
thought
,
by
Poyson
.
Henry
,
called
Le
Boiteux
,
Duke
of
Bavaria
,
was
elected
Emperor
by
the
German
From
Christ
1002.
Silvester
the
Second
died
with
the
Reputation
John
the
Eighteenth
,
his
Successor
;
deprived
the
People
of
Rome
,
of
the
Power
they
had
,
to
give
their
Voices
for
the
Election
of
Popes
.
From
Christ
1003.
John
the
Nineteenth
,
his
Successor
,
excommunicated
King
of
France
excommunicated
.
Robert
King
of
France
,
because
he
had
married
one
of
his
Kinswomen
of
the
Fourth
Degree
.
This
strange
Thing
came
from
the
exceeding
great
Superstition
of
those
Times
,
that
the
King
's
own
Subjects
,
and
even
Domestick
Servants
,
durst
not
approach
his
Person
,
by
reason
of
the
Excommunication
:
So
that
he
was
forced
to
go
to
Rome
,
in
order
to
be
absolved
by
the
Pope
.
From
Christ
1006.
There
is
another
Example
of
the
prevailing
The
Christians
had
driven
out
the
Saracens
from
Castile
:
The
Princes
of
that
a
Kingdom
.
Country
had
only
the
Title
of
Counts
;
but
Sanches
,
who
was
King
of
Navarre
,
took
the
Title
of
King
of
Castile
,
by
marrying
the
Heiress
.
Their
Son
Ferdinand
,
joyned
to
it
the
Kingdom
of
Leon
,
having
married
the
Heiress
of
that
County
.
John
the
Nineteenth
being
dead
,
had
Emperors
confirmed
by
the
Pope
.
should
assume
the
Title
of
Emperor
,
but
with
the
Consent
of
the
Pope
:
So
Henry
of
Bavaria
,
in
Submission
to
that
Decree
,
came
to
Rome
to
be
Crowned
,
by
the
Hands
of
that
Pope
.
From
Christ
1014.
This
Emperor
Henry
died
,
he
had
the
Surname
of
Boisteux
,
because
he
was
lame
;
and
of
Chaste
,
having
lived
with
his
Wife
Cunigundo
,
without
Carnal
Knowledge
,
by
an
Agreement
between
them
.
The
Princes
of
Germany
elected
in
his
Franconia
.
From
Christ
1024.
The
Polanders
took
Cazimir
out
of
the
a
Monk
of
Cluny
,
King
of
Poland
.
Monastry
of
Cluny
,
where
he
had
made
himself
a
Monk
,
and
had
taken
the
Order
of
Deacon
,
they
made
him
their
King
,
by
reason
there
was
no
other
Prince
living
of
the
Blood
Royal.
To
Bennet
the
Eighth
,
succeeded
John
From
Christ
1027.
Constantine
Reigned
sole
Emperor
of
the
East
,
by
the
Death
of
his
Brother
Basilius
,
which
hapned
some
Years
before
:
Constantine
dying
this
Year
,
in
his
place
Romanus
the
Third
,
Emperor
of
the
East
.
Argyrophilus
,
his
Son-in-Law
succeeded
him
in
the
Empire
.
From
Christ
.
1029.
Robert
King
of
France
,
a
wise
and
brave
Kings
of
France
.
Prince
,
died
:
He
had
re-united
to
the
Crown
,
the
Dutchy
of
Burgundy
;
which
returned
to
him
by
the
Death
of
his
Uncle
Henry
;
the
County
of
Burgundy
remaining
to
Otho
William
,
Son
to
the
Wife
of
Henry
,
by
another
Husband
,
Nephew
to
Berenger
,
formerly
King
of
Italy
,
and
Emperor
.
Henry
,
Son
,
and
Successor
,
to
King
Robert
,
gave
the
Dutchy
of
Burgundy
to
his
Brother
Robert
.
From
Christ
1033.
Raoul
the
Third
,
and
last
King
of
Burgundy
,
dying
without
Issue
,
left
,
by
his
Testament
,
his
Dominions
,
to
the
Emperor
The
Kingdom
of
Aries
〈◊〉
to
the
Empire
.
Conrad
,
his
Brother-in-Law
,
who
married
his
younger
Sister
:
By
which
Act
he
wrong'd
his
eldest
Sister
,
Wife
to
Eud●s
,
Count
of
Champaign
.
Zoe
,
Wife
to
Romanus
Argirophylus
,
caused
him
to
be
killed
,
and
married
her
Gallant
,
Michael
of
Payhlagonia
;
and
by
her
Interest
,
Constantinople
.
From
Christ
1034.
At
this
time
,
Humbert
was
Count
of
Maurienna
:
From
him
are
descended
the
Counts
,
and
Dukes
of
Savoy
.
Others
derive
their
Extraction
from
the
House
of
Saxe
,
viz.
from
Lewis
the
Blind
,
King
of
that
Country
,
Son
to
B●son
,
and
Son-in-Law
to
Charles
the
Bald.
Bennet
the
Ninth
had
succeeded
John
the
T
〈…〉
Rome
.
too
narrowly
observed
in
his
Debauches
▪
retired
into
the
Country
,
after
he
had
sold
his
Papacy
for
the
Sum
of
Fifteen
hundred
Pounds
,
in
Gold
,
to
a
Priest
,
named
Gratian
,
who
took
the
Name
of
Gregory
the
Sixth
.
In
a
short
time
after
,
these
two
deposed
Popes
came
back
to
Rome
▪
So
that
there
were
three
Popes
sitting
together
;
Bennet
the
Ninth
,
at
St.
John
de
Lateran
;
Gregory
the
Sixth
,
at
St.
Peter's
;
and
Silvester
the
Third
,
at
St.
Maria
Major
.
From
Christ
1045.
Henry
the
Third
,
Son
,
and
Successor
to
Conrad
the
Second
,
came
to
Rome
to
redress
this
Scandal
;
where
,
in
a
Synod
,
he
caused
the
three
Popes
to
be
deposed
;
and
Sugger
,
Bishop
of
Bamberg
,
was
elected
in
their
place
,
under
the
Name
of
Clement
the
Second
.
From
Christ
1046.
The
Emperor
Henry
confirmed
the
Principality
of
la
Pouille
,
to
Humphry
,
and
Drogon
,
The
Emperor
being
returned
into
Germany
,
Bennet
,
who
was
deposed
,
caused
Clement
to
be
poyson'd
,
and
re-seated
himself
in
the
Chair
:
But
the
Romans
not
being
From
Christ
1049.
Michael
,
the
Paphlagonian
,
had
confined
his
Wife
Zoe
to
a
Monastry
.
This
Emperor
being
dead
,
his
Nephew
Emperor
of
the
East
.
Michael
Colophates
,
rūled
the
Empire
,
only
four
Months
:
For
the
People
deposed
him
,
and
set
on
the
Throne
Theodora
,
Sister
to
Zoe
;
but
the
latter
leaving
her
Monastry
,
At
that
time
Guy
was
Count
of
Grenoble
;
The
Dauphins
of
Viennois
.
Berengarius
Arch-Deacon
of
Angers
.
from
whom
are
descended
the
Dauphines
of
Viennois
.
Berengarius
,
Arch-Deacon
of
the
Church
of
Angers
,
profess'd
the
Doctrine
touching
the
Eucharist
;
affirming
,
That
the
Body
and
Blood
of
Christ
,
was
in
the
Bread
and
Wine
,
not
naturally
,
or
substantially
,
but
sacramentally
:
Which
in
the
Ninth
Age
had
been
supported
by
Ratrum
,
and
other
learned
Men
of
that
Time
,
against
Paschasius
.
He
was
a
Man
of
that
great
Learning
,
that
coming
to
Rome
,
the
Pope
rose
up
to
meet
him
,
saying
,
He
admired
his
Wit
,
and
Parts
:
Berengarius
was
condemned
in
a
Council
held
at
Verceil
,
by
the
Authority
of
Pope
Leo
;
being
first
.
opposed
by
Lanfrank
Arch-Bishop
of
Canterbury
,
and
Guitmund
Arch-Bishop
of
Aversa
.
From
Christ
1050.
This
Pope
being
dead
,
the
Emperor
put
Constantine
Monomachus
being
dead
,
Theodora
remounts
the
Throne
;
but
the
Eunuchs
of
the
Court
again
dethroned
her
,
and
elected
in
her
place
Michael
the
Sixth
,
Surnamed
Stratioticus
.
In
the
three
Years
that
Victor
was
Pope
,
he
twice
condemned
Berengarius
:
First
,
in
a
Council
held
at
Florence
,
where
the
Pope
was
in
person
:
The
Second
time
,
in
a
Council
held
at
Tours
,
by
Hildebrand
,
his
Legate
.
Berengarius
made
his
Personal
Appearance
before
this
last
Council
,
where
he
was
condemned
;
yet
he
preserved
himself
from
the
Penalties
,
declaring
,
he
believed
as
the
Church
believed
,
concerning
the
Eucharist
.
Henry
the
Third
,
called
the
Black
Prince
,
dying
,
left
a
Son
of
the
same
Name
,
not
above
Seven
Years
old
:
For
which
reason
he
was
under
the
Guardianship
of
the
Empress
Agnes
,
his
Mother
.
Stephen
the
Tenth
,
from
a
Monk
of
Mintcassin
,
was
made
Pope
;
who
took
occasion
,
by
reason
of
the
Nonage
of
that
Emperor
,
not
to
demand
to
be
Confirmed
.
This
Pope
being
dead
,
the
Counts
of
Tusculum
plac'd
Bennet
the
Tenth
,
their
Kinsman
,
in
the
Papal
Chair
:
But
the
Cardinals
,
who
began
to
assume
to
themselves
the
Right
of
chusing
Popes
,
having
From
Christ
1059.
He
assembled
a
Council
at
St.
John
de
Lateran
,
where
Berengarius
appeared
,
and
In
the
same
Council
marryed
Priests
,
who
were
called
Nicolaits
,
were
condemned
,
in
imitation
of
the
Decrees
of
several
preceding
Popes
.
At
Constantinople
,
Michael
Stratiocus
was
consined
to
a
Monastery
by
Isaac
Comnenus
,
who
was
proclaimed
Emperor
;
and
two
the
Tenth
of
that
Name
.
years
after
,
voluntarily
resigned
up
the
Empire
to
Constantin
the
Tenth
,
surnamed
Ducas
.
From
Christ
1061.
After
the
Death
of
Nicolas
the
Second
,
a
Council
Assembled
at
Basle
,
by
the
Emperor
Henry
the
Fourth
,
chose
for
Pope
Cadclus
,
Bishop
of
Parma
,
under
the
name
Rome
,
Anselmus
,
Bishop
of
Luca
,
by
the
name
of
Alexander
the
Second
;
who
,
after
many
bloody
Skirmishes
,
at
last
prevailed
,
and
was
acknowledged
for
Pope
by
a
Council
assembled
at
Mantuc
,
by
the
Authority
of
the
Emperor
.
From
Christ
1065.
William
the
Bastard
,
Duke
of
Normandy
,
the
Conqueror
,
King
of
Enland
.
made
himself
Master
of
England
,
and
had
the
Surname
of
Conqueror
:
He
was
Son
of
Robert
Duke
of
Normandy
,
who
without
any
regard
to
the
Right
of
William
Count
of
Arles
,
his
lawful
Son
,
had
left
his
Dutchy
at
his
Death
,
to
his
Bastard
Son
William
.
From
Christ
1066.
At
Constantinople
,
Eudoxia
the
Widdow
of
Constantin
Ducas
,
marrying
Romanus
the
of
the
East
.
Fourth
,
surnamed
Diogenes
▪
caused
him
to
be
chosen
Emperor
.
This
new
Prince
was
taken
Prisoner
by
the
Soldan
of
Egypt
;
who
,
after
having
rudely
treated
him
,
at
last
restored
him
his
Liberty
without
Ransom
;
but
being
returned
to
Constantïnople
,
his
Eyes
were
put
out
by
Michael
Ducas
,
Emperor
of
the
East
▪
the
seventh
of
that
Name
,
who
ascended
the
Throne
of
his
Father
Constantin
.
After
the
Death
of
Pope
Alexander
the
Second
,
the
famous
Hildebrand
was
made
Pope
,
under
the
name
of
Gregory
the
Ma
〈…〉
a.
Countess
and
Princess
of
Tuscany
.
A
Quarr●l
b●twe●n
the
Pope
and
the
Emperor
.
of
Tuscany
,
in
possession
of
a
part
of
Liguria
,
which
she
inherited
of
her
Father
the
Marquis
Bonifacius
.
From
Christ
1072.
This
was
the
first
occasion
of
the
Quarrel
between
the
Pope
▪
and
the
Emperor
Henry
the
Fourth
;
the
second
cause
,
was
,
the
Right
the
Emperor
claimed
,
to
invest
Bishops
by
the
Crosier
and
the
Ring
:
the
Emperor
on
his
side
,
Assembled
the
Estates
of
the
Empire
,
who
declared
Gregory
a
false
Pope
;
on
the
other
part
,
Gregory
excommunicated
the
Emperor
,
and
all
From
Christ
1023.
This
Sentence
had
corrupted
all
Germany
;
so
that
in
an
Assembly
of
the
Princes
,
and
other
Members
of
the
Empire
held
at
Oppenheim
,
it
was
resolved
,
That
Henry
should
not
be
acknowledged
Emperor
,
till
he
was
reconciled
to
the
Pope
;
He
humbled
himself
to
the
Pope
.
so
Henry
was
obliged
to
go
upon
this
occasion
,
into
Italy
,
where
he
humbled
himself
before
the
Pope
,
in
a
very
surprising
manner
:
But
the
Reception
and
Treatment
he
received
from
the
Pope
,
seemed
so
very
insolent
to
the
Germans
,
as
also
to
the
Italians
,
that
they
all
returned
to
the
Obedience
of
Henry
,
who
by
that
means
,
easily
destroyed
the
Faction
of
Rodolphus
,
overcome
by
Henry
.
to
whom
the
Pope
had
given
the
Title
of
Emperor
.
From
Christ
1077.
Henry
having
thus
Re-establish'd
himself
,
caus'd
Gregory
to
be
Deposed
in
a
Council
held
at
Brixen
in
Bavaria
;
and
put
Gilbert
Archbishop
of
Ravenna
,
in
his
place
,
under
the
Name
of
Clement
the
Third
.
From
Christ
1078.
At
Constantinople
,
Michael
Ducas
the
Seventh
,
was
put
into
a
Monastry
by
Nicephorus
Botoniates
,
the
Third
of
that
Name
:
the
Third
.
this
Nicephorus
was
treated
in
the
very
same
manner
,
by
Alexius
Comnenes
.
From
Christ
1080.
Henry
pass'd
into
Italy
,
Besieged
Rome
;
Robert
Guichard
,
a
Norman
Prince
de
la
Pouille
,
who
deliver●d
▪
by
Robert
Guiccard
.
raised
the
Siege
,
and
reinvested
the
Pope
.
From
Christ
1083.
After
Guichard
was
gone
back
,
Henry
entred
Rome
,
and
there
caused
himself
to
From
Christ
1084.
A
Year
after
,
Gregory
the
Seventh
died
die
〈…〉
at
Salerna
,
highly
revered
by
those
of
his
Party
,
and
as
much
blamed
by
those
of
the
opposite
Party
.
Gregory's
Faction
gave
him
no
Successor
,
till
a
Year
after
his
Death
,
then
was
elected
Victor
the
Third
;
call'd
before
,
Dedier
,
de
Benevent
.
He
held
the
See
but
a
Year
:
his
Successor
was
Otho
,
a
Monk
of
Cluny
,
who
took
the
Name
of
Urban
the
Second
:
Nevertheless
,
Clement
the
Third
maintained
his
Authority
all
the
time
in
Rome
.
Bruno
of
Cologne
,
a
Chanoine
of
Reims
,
The
Order
of
the
Carthusians
.
instituted
the
Order
of
the
Carthusians
.
From
Christ
1088.
The
Emperor
.
Henry
came
into
Italy
,
and
there
supporting
Clement
;
Urban
not
finding
himself
safe
,
went
into
France
,
having
great
assurance
of
a
kind
Reception
from
The
Council
of
Clermont
.
of
Clermont
,
in
which
were
resolved
these
important
Decrees
.
From
Christ
1095.
First
,
the
Decree
against
the
Marriage
Philip
King
of
France
,
was
Excommunicated
,
King
of
France
,
excommunicated
.
for
having
taken
the
Wife
of
Foulkes
Rechin
,
Count
of
Anjou
.
The
Right
to
bestow
Ecclesiastical
Livings
,
taken
away
from
all
Princes
,
and
secular
Powers
.
In
consequence
of
which
,
the
Emperor
Henry
was
Excommunicated
,
as
well
as
for
other
Causes
,
which
have
been
before
recited
.
Lastly
,
Upon
the
Remonstrances
of
Peter
the
Hermit
,
they
were
resolved
on
the
first
Croisade
,
against
the
Saracens
,
to
recover
The
first
Croisade
.
the
Holy-Land
.
Alphonso
,
King
of
Castille
,
was
supplyed
with
Forces
against
the
Saracens
,
by
many
French
Lords
.
Henry
of
Lorain
,
one
King
of
Portugal
.
of
them
marrying
a
Daughter
of
Alphonso
;
by
that
Match
had
Portugal
,
and
with
it
the
Title
of
King
.
The
Army
of
the
Croizaders
,
in
which
was
Prince
Conrade
,
serving
the
Pope
against
his
Father
,
brought
Urban
to
Rome
,
establish'd
at
Rome
.
where
he
establish'd
him
,
and
turn'd
out
Clement
.
Urban
dying
within
the
same
Year
he
was
re-establish'd
,
his
Successor
Paschal
the
Second
.
the
Second
,
appeared
on
the
day
he
was
Consecrated
with
the
marks
of
Royalty
,
covered
with
a
Purple
Robe
,
with
seven
Seals
hanging
to
an
Embroidered
Belt
.
The
Croisaders
arrived
by
several
ways
chosen
King
.
of
Bovillon
,
preferring
him
before
many
Princes
,
who
were
in
the
Army
;
among
others
,
Conrade
,
Son
to
the
Emperor
Henry
;
Hughes
,
Brother
to
Philip
King
of
France
;
and
Robert
,
Brother
to
William
Rufus
,
King
of
England
.
This
new
King
had
but
Twenty
thousand
Men
left
,
of
more
then
Three
hundred
thousand
,
who
listed
themselves
in
this
Expedition
of
the
Croisade
;
yet
with
these
Twenty
thousand
Men
,
defeated
Jerusalem
.
From
Christ
1100.
The
Twelfth
Age.
THere
was
a
second
Croisade
more
numerous
,
The
second
Croysade
proved
unfortunate
.
but
less
fortunate
than
the
first
.
From
Christ
1101.
For
there
was
a
great
number
killed
in
the
lesser
Asia
,
where
they
fell
into
the
Ambuscades
of
the
Saracens
,
by
the
Fraud
of
the
Old
Emperor
Alexus
,
with
whom
the
chief
of
the
Croisaders
were
at
Difference
.
From
Christ
1102.
The
Emperor
Henry
died
at
Liege
,
in
a
most
lamentable
condition
;
to
which
,
his
Son
Henry
the
Fifth
,
had
reduc'd
him
;
the
Fifth
Emperor
.
having
before
,
compelled
him
to
resign
the
Empire
.
From
Christ
1106.
Philip
King
of
France
,
died
also
,
after
he
had
lived
long
in
Luxury
with
Bertrade
;
Kings
of
France
.
whom
he
still
retained
,
notwithstanding
two
Excommunications
;
and
was
at
last
reconciled
to
the
Pope
,
who
gave
him
leave
to
enjoy
her
as
his
lawful
Wife
.
From
Christ
1108.
Pope
Paschal
,
in
a
Council
held
at
Troy
,
The
Council
of
Tr●y
.
in
Champagne
,
renewed
all
;
his
Predecessor
had
order
in
that
of
Clermont
,
against
the
A
Quarrel
between
the
Pope
Emperor
.
prētended
Investitures
by
the
Emperors
.
Henry
the
Fifth
,
had
dissembled
with
the
Pope
,
in
order
to
settle
himself
more
firmly
in
the
Empire
.
But
when
he
found
himself
powerful
enough
to
assert
his
Right
,
he
pass'd
into
Italy
,
made
himself
Master
of
Rome
,
and
concluded
a
Treaty
with
Paschal
,
very
advantagious
to
the
Emperors
.
From
Christ
1110.
But
,
after
Henry
was
returned
to
Germany
,
the
Pope
retracted
,
tho'
he
had
swore
to
the
Treaty
,
and
upon
it
received
the
Sacrament
with
the
Emperor
.
From
Christ
1112.
Henry
was
not
then
in
a
condition
to
shew
his
Resentment
for
that
high
Affront
,
by
reason
of
great
Disturbances
the
Pope
Troubles
in
Germany
.
had
fomented
in
Germany
;
which
caused
much
Blood
to
be
shed
in
the
five
Years
these
Troubles
lasted
.
The
Emperor
at
length
,
having
surmounted
them
all
,
went
a
second
time
into
Italy
,
to
disannul
the
Deed
of
Gift
,
made
The
Death
of
the
Countess
Matilda
.
by
the
Countess
Matilda
,
which
she
bequeathed
to
the
See
of
Rome
after
her
Death
.
From
Christ
1117.
At
Constantinople
,
the
Old
Emperor
Alexus
,
had
resigned
the
Empire
to
his
Son
Calo
John
,
being
very
much
troubled
at
Emperor
of
the
East
.
the
ill
Success
he
had
,
for
opposing
the
Croisaders
;
having
repented
he
had
invited
them
,
at
length
he
died
with
very
great
Grief
.
From
Christ
1118.
Henry
passed
a
third
time
into
Italy
,
to
reduce
Gelasius
the
Second
,
who
had
succeeded
Paschal
upon
the
point
of
the
Investitures
.
The
new
Pope
fled
into
France
.
In
the
interim
,
the
Emperor
plac'd
in
the
Rome
,
Maurice
Bourdin
,
Archbishop
of
Bracara
,
in
Portugal
,
under
the
Name
of
Gregory
the
Eigth
.
Gelasius
dying
in
France
,
the
Cardinals
,
who
had
followed
him
,
chose
in
his
place
,
Guy
Archbishop
of
Vienna
,
under
the
Name
of
Calixtus
the
Second
;
He
was
Brother
to
the
Count
of
Burgundy
,
and
Cousin
to
the
Emperor
.
This
Pope
held
a
Council
at
Rheims
,
in
The
Council
at
Rheims
.
which
was
renewed
and
confirmed
all
that
had
been
Decreed
in
that
of
Clermont
,
upon
the
matter
of
the
Investitures
,
and
marrying
of
Priests
.
Calixtus
returned
into
Italy
with
an
Army
;
he
Conquer'd
,
and
took
in
Battel
the
Anti-Pope
Bourdin
,
and
had
also
that
From
Christ
1122.
Calixtus
being
dead
,
there
was
a
great
Division
in
the
Election
between
Celestinus
and
Honorius
the
Second
;
but
the
last
carryed
it
:
those
of
his
Faction
being
the
greatest
Persons
in
Rome
.
After
the
Death
of
the
Emperor
Henry
the
Fifth
;
his
Sisters
Son
,
Frederick
Duke
of
Swabia
,
with
Conrade
,
disputed
the
Empire
against
Lothaire
,
the
second
Duke
the
second
Emperor
.
of
Saxe
;
but
the
latter
prevailed
at
last
.
From
Christ
1125.
William
Rufus
,
Son
to
the
Conqueror
,
Kings
of
England
.
had
given
his
Daughter
,
Adelais
to
Stephen
,
Count
of
Boulogue
,
who
in
her
Right
was
King
of
England
:
Stephen
and
his
Queen
Adelais
,
dying
without
Issue
,
Robert
the
Second
,
Son
of
the
Conqueror
,
had
his
Eyes
put
out
by
his
younger
Brother
Henry
,
who
assumed
the
Crown
of
England
.
Under
this
King
,
and
Lewis
le
Gros
,
King
The
first
War
between
the
French
and
the
English
.
Kings
of
Arrgon
.
of
France
,
the
Son
and
Successor
to
Philip
,
began
the
first
War
between
the
French
and
English
.
Alphonso
,
King
of
Arragon
,
having
been
killed
by
the
Moores
,
his
Brother
Ramire
was
taken
out
of
a
Monastery
,
and
made
King
in
his
place
.
At
that
time
lived
one
John
of
Estampes
,
who
had
been
a
Soldier
under
Charlemaine
;
He
was
called
Johannes
de
Temporibus
;
because
very
Aged
.
Amideus
,
Count
of
Savoy
.
of
his
extraordinary
long
Life
.
Amedeus
,
Count
of
Maurienna
,
received
the
Title
of
Count
of
Savoy
,
from
the
Emperor
.
Hugh
de
Paganis
,
first
instituted
the
Military
Order
of
the
of
the
Knights
,
Templars
Jerusalem
.
From
Christ
1127.
Honorius
the
Second
,
being
dead
this
Year
,
Innocent
the
Second
was
put
in
his
place
:
while
this
new
Pope
made
War
The
Council
of
Estampes
.
St.
Bernard
.
in
the
Council
of
Estampes
,
by
the
means
of
St.
Bernard
;
who
also
afterwards
persuaded
Victor
the
Fourth
,
to
resign
the
Chair
to
Innocent
;
who
for
that
purpose
,
was
brought
back
into
Italy
by
the
Emperor
Lothair
;
so
that
Schism
ceased
.
From
Christ
1132.
To
Lewis
the
Sixth
,
Sur-named
Le
Gross
,
succeeded
his
Eldest
Son
Lewis
the
Seventh
,
called
Le
Jeusne
;
besides
whom
,
he
had
Kings
of
France
.
Robert
Count
of
Dreux
,
Peter
Lord
of
Courtnay
,
and
Philip
Arch-Deacon
of
Paris
;
who
resigned
the
Bishoprick
to
Peter
Lombard
,
the
famous
Doctor
,
and
Author
of
the
Book
of
Sentences
,
where
Divinity
is
treated
of
by
Questions
;
which
Method
John
Rosselin
,
and
Peter
Abeillard
,
two
Natives
of
Bretagne
.
Some
time
before
,
Robert
Abbot
of
Molesme
,
had
instituted
the
Order
of
Cisteaux
,
The
Order
of
Cisteux
.
which
took
its
Name
from
the
Principal
Abbey
of
that
Order
,
which
became
more
Illustrious
by
St.
Bernard
,
Abbot
of
Clerveaux
.
From
Christ
1130.
Baldwin
of
Flanders
,
Successor
to
Godfrey
in
the
Kingdom
of
Jerusalem
,
being
Kings
of
Jerusalem
.
dead
;
the
Daughter
of
Baldwin
,
who
had
marryed
Foulques
of
Anjou
,
gave
the
Kingdom
to
her
Husband
.
Lothaire
being
dead
,
Conrad
the
Third
,
the
Third
Emperor
.
Duke
of
Swabia
,
was
chose
Emperor
in
his
place
.
Pope
Innocent
the
Second
,
having
been
taken
in
the
War
he
made
against
Roger
,
was
set
at
liberty
by
that
Prince
,
on
condition
,
that
Roger
should
have
the
Title
of
Apulia
and
Sicily
,
which
he
and
his
Successors
were
to
hold
,
paying
Fealty
to
the
See
of
Rome
.
From
Christ
1143.
To
Innocent
the
Second
,
succeeded
Caelestin
,
and
Lucius
,
both
named
Seconds
:
Then
,
Eugenius
the
Third
,
a
Disciple
and
A
Council
at
Chartres
.
at
Chartres
,
in
which
was
instituted
a
new
Croysade
,
which
proved
most
unfortunate
to
the
Latin
Christians
,
who
most
of
them
perish'd
in
the
way
,
by
the
treachery
of
Manuel
Comnenes
,
Son
and
Successor
to
Calo
,
John
Emperor
of
Constantinople
.
From
Christ
1147.
The
Emperor
Conrade
,
who
commanded
The
Emperor
Conrade's
Army
lost
.
And
Lewis
King
of
France
.
the
Land-Army
,
escaping
with
much
difficulty
.
From
Christ
1149.
Lewis
,
King
of
France
,
going
by
Sea
,
avoided
the
Treachery
of
the
Greeks
;
but
the
Malice
of
the
Eastern
Latins
,
whose
Vices
were
most
enormous
,
caused
his
Army
to
perish
at
the
Siege
of
Damas
;
so
the
Emperor
,
and
the
King
,
having
done
nothing
,
but
suffered
great
Losses
,
returned
home
;
the
King
by
the
way
,
fell
into
the
hands
of
the
Greeks
;
whom
,
as
they
were
carrying
him
Prisoner
,
the
brave
Rogor
,
King
of
Sicily
,
rescued
him
from
them
.
From
Christ
1150.
Anastatius
the
Fourth
,
Successor
to
Eugenius
the
Third
,
did
nothing
remarkable
Frederic
Barbarossa
,
who
had
been
chose
Emperor
in
the
place
of
Conrad
his
Uncle
,
who
died
two
Years
before
.
From
Christ
1155.
The
Pope
and
the
new
Emperor
fell
out
immediately
,
on
the
same
occasions
as
their
Predecessors
;
which
gave
Birth
to
the
Factions
of
the
Guelphs
and
the
Gibelins
;
and
the
Gibelins
.
by
which
,
Italy
and
Germany
were
ruined
:
The
Gu●lphs
of
the
Party
of
the
Pope
,
and
the
Gibelins
of
the
Emperors
:
which
Quarrel
grew
more
hot
between
viz.
Victor
,
Paschal
,
and
Calixtus
,
against
Alexander
.
From
Christ
1159.
At
length
,
the
Pope
agreed
with
the
From
Christ
1164.
The
Institution
of
the
Military
Order
of
Th●
Order
of
the
Knights
Hospita
〈…〉
.
the
Knights
,
Hospitalers
of
St.
John
of
Jerusalem
,
was
some
Years
after
that
of
the
Templars
;
then
after
that
of
the
Hospitalers
,
was
instituted
the
Teutonick
Order
.
Or
〈…〉
.
From
Christ
1177.
Henry
the
Second
,
King
of
England
,
Son
●●
S●cond
,
King
of
England
.
of
Jeffery
,
Count
of
Anjou
,
had
marryed
Eleanor
Dutchess
of
Aquitaine
,
and
Counless
of
Poitou
,
repudiated
by
Lewis
the
Seventh
,
King
of
France
;
so
Henry
became
very
powerful
;
he
was
Excommunicated
by
Pope
Alexander
,
upon
the
occasion
of
the
Death
of
Thomas
a
Becket
,
Archbishop
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
.
Kings
of
France
.
of
Canterbury
.
The
two
Kings
,
Lewis
and
Henry
,
made
War
several
times
;
at
last
a
Peace
was
concluded
,
which
held
till
the
Death
of
Lewis
,
who
had
for
his
Successor
,
Philip
the
Second
:
It
was
at
his
Coronation
,
that
the
Peers
of
France
were
twelve
in
T●rlve
Pe●rs
of
France
.
Alexis
the
Second
Emp●r●r
of
the
East
.
Andronicus
his
S●ccessor
:
number
.
Manuel
Emperor
of
the
East
died
,
left
his
Son
Alexus
the
Second
,
then
a
very
Child
;
He
was
strangled
at
two
years-end
,
by
Andronicus
his
Kinsman
,
who
by
that
means
made
himself
Emperor
;
He
Reigned
but
two
years
,
for
the
People
killed
him
;
and
put
in
his
place
Isaac
the
Second
,
called
Isacius
Angelus
.
From
the
Second
,
his
Successor
.
Saladin
takes
Jerusalem
.
Christ
1184.
Saladin
,
Sultan
of
Egypt
,
took
Jerusalem
from
Guy
,
King
of
Lusignan
,
Eighty
eight
Years
after
the
Croyzaders
had
taken
it
,
under
the
Conduct
of
Godfrey
of
Bovilton
.
From
Christ
1187.
After
the
Death
of
Alexander
the
Third
,
which
fell
out
in
the
year
Eleven
hundred
eighty
one
;
Lucius
the
Third
,
Urban
Rome
.
From
Christ
1190.
The
Emperor
Frederic
had
been
took
The
Death
of
the
Emperor
Frederic
.
Prisoner
,
and
generously
released
by
Saladin
,
in
a
Voyage
that
Emperor
made
to
the
Levant
;
after
Jerusalem
had
been
taken
,
he
went
there
again
,
and
was
drowned
as
he
was
Bathing
in
the
River
Orontes
,
near
to
Antioch
.
Henry
the
Sixth
,
his
Son
,
was
chose
Emperor
the
Sixth
,
his
Successor
.
in
his
place
.
It
is
not
found
,
that
Frederick
was
taken
by
Saladin
,
but
that
he
fought
with
good
success
,
and
that
he
had
ruin'd
the
Saracens
and
Turks
,
had
he
liv'd
longer
.
From
Christ
1192.
The
Voyage
of
Philip
King
of
France
,
The
King
of
France
and
England
fact
one
.
and
of
Richard
King
of
England
,
was
not
more
Fortunate
:
They
took
only
Acre
,
or
Ptolemais
;
but
falling
out
among
themselves
,
each
retired
to
his
Kingdom
;
these
two
Kings
had
already
made
War
one
against
the
other
,
and
had
put
a
stop
to
it
,
upon
the
Design
of
the
Croizade
;
but
after
their
return
,
they
again
revived
it
more
furiously
than
before
.
From
Christ
1197.
Henry
the
Sixth
dying
,
left
by
his
Wife
.
The
Emperor
Henry
the
Sixt●'s
Death
.
Constantia
,
Daughter
,
and
sole
Heiress
of
William
King
of
Sicily
;
Frederic
,
a
Child
too
young
to
Rule
the
Empire
.
The
Princes
were
divided
in
the
Election
;
one
Party
chose
Philip
,
the
Brother
of
Henry
;
dispute
the
Empire
.
Popes
.
the
other
Otho
Duke
of
Saxe
;
this
latter
prevailed
,
being
supported
by
Innocent
the
Third
,
Successor
to
Caelistin
the
Third
.
Richard
,
called
Caeur
de
Lyon
,
being
dead
;
the
Succession
of
England
,
with
his
other
Kings
of
England
.
Dominions
,
belonging
to
Arthur
Duke
of
Bretany
,
Son
to
Jefery
,
the
second
Son
of
Henry
the
Second
;
but
John
,
who
was
but
the
third
Son
,
usurp'd
it
,
to
the
prejudice
of
his
Nephew
Arthur
.
From
Christ
1200.
THE
Thirteenth
Age.
ABout
the
end
of
the
foregoing
Age
,
the
Croyzade
had
been
publish'd
;
at
Constantinople
:
Isaac
the
Angel
,
had
his
Eyes
put
out
by
his
Brother
Alexis
,
who
by
that
means
usurp'd
the
Empire
.
The
young
Alexis
,
Son
of
Isaac
,
Emperors
of
Constantinople
.
stop'd
the
Croyzaders
,
and
persuaded
them
to
employ
their
Arms
to
depose
the
Usurper
,
which
they
did
;
and
re-establish'd
the
Father
and
Son
:
But
these
two
Princes
not
having
satisfied
the
Croyzaders
,
they
set
up
the
Grecians
:
Alexis
Ducas
,
surnamed
Murzuffle
took
occasion
in
this
confusion
,
to
kill
the
young
Alexis
;
but
he
From
Christ
1204.
By
the
Agreement
of
the
Army
,
twelve
of
their
Chiefs
having
the
power
to
elect
Emperor
of
Constantinople
.
an
Emperor
,
the
choice
fell
upon
Baudwin
,
Count
of
Flanders
.
They
also
chose
for
Patriarch
,
Thomas
Morosini
,
a
Venetian
.
Alexis
,
a
Prince
of
the
Blood
of
Comnenes
,
Emperor
of
Trebizonda
.
retired
to
Trebizonda
,
upon
the
Euxine
Sea
in
Asia
;
and
there
having
gathered
together
the
Remnant
of
the
Grecians
,
he
was
by
them
acknowledged
Emperor
.
The
Schism
of
the
Western
Empire
ceas'd
,
the
Fourth
,
sole
Emperor
of
the
West
.
by
the
death
of
Philip
:
Otho
the
Fourth
,
remaining
sole
Emperor
.
From
Christ
1208.
From
the
precedent
Age
,
Peter
Valdo
of
Lyons
,
abandoning
his
Wealth
,
had
preached
against
the
Corruption
of
the
Clergy
,
chiefly
against
that
of
Rome
;
they
called
his
Disciples
Vaudois
,
the
poor
Beggars
of
Peter
de
Brus
,
and
Henry
his
Companion
,
who
were
followed
by
an
infinite
number
of
Disciples
at
the
beginning
of
this
Age
,
and
were
called
Albegois
,
because
Languedoc
.
From
Christ
1209.
The
Pope
excommunicated
them
,
and
publish'd
a
Croyzade
against
them
:
Five
hundred
thousand
Croyzaders
,
under
the
oppose
them
.
Simon
,
Grant
of
Montfort
.
command
of
Simon
Count
of
Monfort
,
made
a
horrible
Slaughter
of
those
poor
People
.
Peter
,
King
of
Arragon
,
there
lost
his
Life
,
with
the
Army
he
had
brought
to
their
Assistance
,
in
favour
of
his
Cousin
Raymond
Berenger
,
Count
of
Tholouze
,
who
had
embrac'd
their
Doctrine
.
From
Christ
1213.
Pope
Innocent
had
Crowned
the
Emperor
Otho
at
Rome
;
but
the
old
Quarrel
about
the
Investitures
being
revived
between
them
,
the
Pope
raised
up
Enemies
in
all
Parts
against
Otho
,
and
abetted
the
Party
the
Second
,
against
Otho
.
of
young
Frederic
,
Son
of
the
Emperor
Henry
the
Sixth
,
against
Otho
.
Philip
the
Second
,
called
Augustus
,
King
A
War
between
Otho
and
Philip
King
of
France
.
of
France
,
entered
into
that
Party
against
Otho
;
because
that
Emperor
was
Allyed
to
John
King
of
England
,
an
Enemy
to
Philip
:
which
occasioned
the
War
between
Otho
and
Philip
;
in
which
was
fought
the
Battel
of
Bovines
in
Flanders
;
where
Otho
The
Battel
of
Bovines
.
being
overcome
,
sav'd
himself
by
Flight
,
leaving
to
Philip
,
among
other
Prisoners
,
Ferrand
,
Brother
to
Sanchez
,
King
of
P●rtugal
,
Son-in-law
to
Baldwin
,
Emperor
of
Constantinople
.
The
Pope
quarrelled
with
King
John
of
A
Quarrel
between
the
Pope
and
the
King
of
England
.
England
,
upon
the
occasion
of
the
Election
of
an
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
;
the
King
having
named
one
,
contrary
to
the
pretension
of
the
Pope
,
who
said
,
the
Nomination
belonged
to
him
;
whereupon
the
Pope
excommunicated
King
John
,
and
interdicted
all
his
Kingdom
,
and
gave
it
to
the
King
of
France
;
the
King
laid
the
Storm
,
by
humbling
himself
to
the
Pope
,
and
declared
himself
his
Vassal
,
with
an
obligation
to
pay
him
a
Thousand
Marks
every
year
,
besides
the
Peter-pence
.
The
Barons
of
England
incensed
at
this
Treaty
,
so
dishonourable
to
the
Nation
,
abandoned
King
John
,
and
having
call'd
over
Lewis
,
the
Son
of
Philip
King
of
France
,
the
Son
of
Philip.
King
of
France
crowned
King
of
England
.
Henry
III
King
of
England
.
they
acknowledged
him
for
their
King
,
and
Crowned
him
at
Westminster
;
but
their
Anger
was
appeased
by
the
Death
of
King
John
:
So
they
sent
back
Lewis
,
and
restored
the
Crown
to
Henry
the
Third
,
Son
to
King
John
,
who
had
the
Surname
of
Sans
Terre
,
because
he
died
divested
of
his
Kingdom
.
Innocent
held
a
Council
at
Latran
,
where
was
concerted
the
greatest
Number
of
Bishops
,
The
Council
of
Latran
.
had
been
seen
.
What
related
to
the
Eucharist
,
they
there
determined
,
Transubstantiation
as
a
Point
of
Faith
;
and
From
Christ
1215.
After
this
manner
had
he
used
King
John
of
England
;
and
yet
with
better
Effect
against
Raymond
Count
of
●●olouze
,
whose
Dominions
he
had
really
transferred
to
Simon
Count
of
Montfort
,
because
Raymond
had
favoured
the
Albigenses
.
Honorius
the
Third
,
Successor
to
Innocent
,
approved
of
the
four
Orders
of
Mendicants
;
The
four
Orders
of
Mendicants
.
that
is
to
fay
,
the
Preachers
,
or
Dominicans
,
the
Franciscans
,
the
Augustines
,
and
the
Carmelites
..
From
Christ
1216.
Otho
being
dead
,
Frederic
the
Second
remained
the
Second
,
Emperor
of
the
East
.
sole
Emperor
in
the
West
.
Raymond
,
Count
of
Tholouze
,
re-establish'd
himself
in
his
Dominions
,
after
the
Count
of
Tholouze
recovers
his
Dominions
.
Emperors
of
Constantinople
.
Death
of
Simon
de
Montford
,
who
was
killed
at
the
Siege
of
Tholouze
.
From
Christ
1218.
To
Baldwin
,
Emperor
of
Constantinople
,
succeeded
Henry
his
Brother
;
and
to
him
succeeded
his
Son-in-Law
,
Peter
de
Courtnay
,
Count
of
Auxerre
;
who
going
to
take
possession
of
that
Empire
,
was
stopt
in
Thessaly
,
by
Alexis-Comnenes
;
notwithstanding
the
safe
Conduct
he
had
given
him
,
Peter
was
killed
,
at
the
end
of
three
or
four
Years
Imprisonment
,
by
the
Command
of
this
perfidious
Grecian
Prince
.
From
Christ
1222.
During
the
time
of
Peter's
Imprisonment
,
Jolante
,
his
Wife
governed
at
Constantinople
,
like
a
brave
,
and
wise
Heroin
.
Philip
Count
of
Nemours
,
their
eldest
Son
refused
the
Empire
,
and
resigned
it
to
his
younger
Brother
Robert
.
Philip
the
Second
,
King
of
France
,
call'd
Kings
of
France
.
Augustus
,
for
his
very
great
Qualities
,
died
:
He
was
also
called
the
Conqueror
,
having
taken
away
from
the
English
,
the
greatest
part
of
what
they
possess'd
in
France
.
Lewis
the
Eighth
,
his
Son
,
and
Successor
,
had
took
away
from
the
English
,
Rochel
,
and
Avignon
from
the
Albigenses
.
From
Christ
1226.
He
Reigned
but
three
Years
;
Lewis
the
Ninth
,
his
eldest
Son
,
succeeded
him
.
Of
the
three
younger
Sons
,
Robert
had
the
County
of
Artois
;
Alphonso
,
Poictou
;
and
Charles
that
of
Arjou
:
The
two
last
taken
from
the
English
.
From
Christ
1227.
To
Honorias
the
Third
,
succeeded
Gregory
A
Quarrel
between
Gregory
and
Frederick
.
the
Ninth
;
who
fell
out
with
the
Emperor
Frederick
the
Second
,
because
he
had
taken
away
from
one
of
the
Pope's
Nephews
,
all
that
the
Emperor
Philip
had
bestowed
on
him
in
Italy
.
In
the
mean
time
,
Frederick
having
married
Jole
,
the
Daughter
of
John
de
Bregna
,
King
of
Jerusalem
,
past
into
the
Levant
,
and
regained
Jerusalem
,
after
he
had
made
an
honourable
Truce
with
the
Sultan
for
ten
Years
;
while
the
Pope
took
Naples
in
his
Absence
:
But
the
Emperor
,
at
his
Return
,
retook
it
,
without
any
great
trouble
.
From
Christ
1230.
In
the
eleven
following
Years
,
Italy
and
Germany
were
in
continual
Troubles
,
occasioned
by
the
Quarrel
between
the
Emperor
and
the
Pope
.
The
Emperor
being
Excommunicated
,
Pope
Gregory
died
of
extream
Grief
for
his
ill
Success
:
Under
his
Papacy
were
publish'd
the
Pontifical
Ordinances
,
called
the
Decretals
;
as
in
the
former
Age
Gratian
had
compiled
the
Decrees
,
under
the
Authority
of
Alexander
the
Third
.
In
the
Emperor
Frederick's
time
,
began
the
two
implacable
Factions
of
the
Guelfs
,
and
Gibellines
.
From
Christ
1241.
Celestine
the
Fourth
having
enjoyed
the
The
Pope
assembled
a
Council
at
Lyons
,
The
Council
of
Lyons
.
Cardinals
in
purple
.
where
the
Cardinals
were
cloathed
in
Purple
,
by
Virtue
of
a
Decree
of
that
Council
.
Frederick
having
been
a
little
while
excommunicated
,
had
forfeited
his
Right
to
the
Empire
;
which
the
Pope
offered
to
Robert
,
Brother
to
the
King
of
France
;
but
the
good
King
refused
it
,
offering
on
his
part
a
Mediation
,
to
reconcile
the
Quarrel
.
The
Pope
not
regarding
the
King's
Offer
,
combined
with
a
Party
of
the
German
Princes
,
who
chose
for
their
Emperor
,
Lantgrave
of
Turinge
Henry
Lantgrave
of
Turing
;
who
soon
after
dying
,
they
elected
William
Count
of
Holland
.
Count
of
Holland
.
From
Christ
1246.
King
Lewis
beng
engaged
in
the
Croysade
,
went
into
Aegypt
against
the
Sultan
;
there
he
took
Damietta
,
and
defeated
the
Mamulecks
,
in
two
great
Battles
;
but
in
the
third
,
this
good
King's
Army
was
wholly
routed
,
and
himself
taken
Prisoner
,
with
the
chief
of
his
Nobility
:
He
was
set
at
Liberty
,
paying
a
Ransome
of
Four
hundred
thousand
Livres
:
He
went
into
Palestine
,
and
at
last
returned
back
to
France
,
six
Years
after
he
had
left
it
.
▪
From
Christ
1254.
Frederick
the
Second
being
dead
,
Conrad
the
Fourth
Emperor
.
the
Fourth
was
chosen
Emperor
by
a
Party
of
the
German
Princes
:
But
finding
himself
strong
enough
to
maintain
his
Right
in
Germany
,
he
retired
into
his
Kingdom
of
Naples
;
where
he
was
poyson'd
by
his
Brother
Manfred
,
a
Bastard
of
Frederick
the
Second
.
Alexander
the
Fourth
,
succeeded
Innocent
From
Christ
1255.
William
,
Count
of
Holland
,
having
been
killed
in
a
War
against
the
Frizons
,
one
Party
of
the
Princes
chose
for
their
Emperor
Alphonso
King
of
Castile
:
Another
Party
King
of
Castile
,
and
Richard
Duke
of
Cornwal
Emperor●
.
Richard
Duke
of
Cornwal
,
Brother
to
Henry
King
of
England
:
Richard
was
crowned
at
Aix
la
Chapelle
:
Alphonso
never
came
into
Germany
.
From
Christ
1257.
The
History
of
this
Age
makes
mention
of
a
Prince
in
the
Levant
,
whose
Dominion
was
among
the
Mountains
of
Armenia
;
Robert
of
Sorbonne
,
from
the
name
of
a
The
Coll●dge
of
Sorbonne
.
Village
near
Paris
,
where
he
was
Born
,
founded
the
famous
Colledge
,
which
still
bears
his
Name
in
that
great
City
.
Alexander
the
Fourth
died
,
and
had
for
his
Successor
Urban
the
Fourth
,
Son
of
a
Baldwin
,
Emperor
of
Constantinople
,
being
drove
out
of
Constantinople
.
absent
from
that
City
,
Michael
Paleologus
drove
out
the
Latins
,
who
had
ruled
the
Empire
for
the
space
of
Fifty
seven
Years
.
Urban
the
Fourth
died
;
he
had
transferr'd
to
Charles
of
Anjou
,
Brother
to
King
Conrade
.
From
Christ
1264.
Clement
the
Fourth
,
a
Frenchman
,
like
his
Predecessor
,
continuing
to
support
King
of
Naples
and
Sicily
.
Charles
;
put
himself
in
possession
of
the
Kingdom
of
Naples
and
Sicily
:
after
he
had
defeated
in
Battel
the
young
Conradin
,
who
being
afterwards
with
his
Cousin
Frederick
,
Duke
of
Austriche
,
fallen
into
From
Christ
1268.
King
Lewis
of
France
,
made
a
second
The
Death
of
Saint
Lewis
.
that
Siege
of
the
Plague
,
which
infected
his
Army
.
From
Christ
1270.
Philip
the
Third
,
called
le
Hardi
,
his
the
Third
,
King
of
France
.
eldest
Son
succeeded
him
;
Robert
the
youngest
of
his
Sons
,
Count
of
Clermont
,
was
chief
of
the
Branch
of
Bourbon
.
St.
Sons
and
Brothers
of
St.
Lewis
.
Lewis
had
three
Brothers
,
Robert
Count
of
Artois
,
who
was
chief
of
one
Branch
,
and
Charles
Count
of
Anjou
,
King
of
Naples
,
made
another
Branch
:
Alphonso
,
Count
of
Poitou
,
left
no
Issue
by
his
Wife
,
Daughter
and
Heiress
to
Raymond
,
Count
of
Tholouze
.
From
Christ
1271.
After
the
Death
of
Clement
the
Fourth
,
From
Christ
1273.
The
Emperor
Richard
being
dead
▪
the
Princes
of
Germany
having
no
regard
for
Alphonso
,
King
of
Castille
,
chose
for
Emperor
Rodolphus
,
Count
of
Hapsburg
,
a
little
Berne
:
Gregory
confirmed
this
Election
,
in
a
Council
held
at
Lyons
,
where
Alphonso
resigned
by
Proxy
A
Council
at
Lyons
.
his
pretensions
to
the
Empire
.
From
Christ
1274.
Michael
Paleologus
being
in
Person
at
that
Emperor
of
the
East
.
Council
,
▪
where
having
acknowledged
the
Authority
of
the
Pope
,
he
was
there
declared
,
and
confirmed
Emperor
of
the
East
.
In
the
same
year
,
died
Gregory
the
Tenth
;
he
had
three
Successors
in
a
very
short
time
,
Innocent
the
Fifth
,
Adrian
the
Fifth
,
Ursini
.
From
Christ
1276.
Otochaire
,
King
of
Bohemia
,
to
whom
King
of
Bohemia
,
overcome
by
Rodolphus
.
Rodolphus
had
been
an
Officer
,
refusing
to
obey
the
Emperor
,
was
forc'd
to
submit
.
From
Christ
1277.
Having
been
overcome
in
a
Battel
by
Rodolphus
,
who
took
from
him
the
Marquisate
of
Austria
,
which
Rodolphus
gave
The
Surname
of
Austria
.
to
his
Son
Albert
;
he
and
his
Successors
taking
the
surname
of
Austria
.
From
Christ
1278.
To
Nicholaus
the
Third
,
succeeded
Martin
the
Fifth
,
who
being
a
Frenchman
,
King
of
Arragon
seized
Sicily
.
on
Easter-day
:
Whereupon
,
Peter
King
of
Arragon
,
seized
on
Sicily
,
to
which
he
pretended
a
Right
by
his
Wife
Constantia
,
Daughter
to
the
Bastard
Manfred
.
From
Christ
1282.
Martin
the
Fifth
,
and
Charles
of
Anjou
,
The
Death
of
Pops
and
the
Kings
of
France
and
Naples
.
King
of
Naples
,
died
with
Grief
,
for
what
hapned
in
Sicily
:
And
,
King
Philip
of
France
also
died
,
highly
troubled
at
the
loss
of
a
great
Army
,
he
had
sent
to
seize
Arragon
,
upon
the
Interdiction
the
Pope
had
laid
on
that
Kingdom
,
because
King
Peter
(
as
has
been
mentioned
)
had
by
treachery
made
himself
Master
of
Sicily
.
From
Christ
1285.
Charles
the
Second
,
called
le
Boiteux
,
or
Naples
:
Philip
the
Fourth
,
called
le
Bel
,
succeeeded
his
Father
in
France
.
To
Martin
the
Fifth
,
succeeded
Honorius
the
Fourth
,
who
dying
about
the
end
From
Christ
1287.
The
Croyzade
,
this
Pope
had
caused
to
be
preach'd
up
,
had
very
little
effect
.
The
Sultan
took
Acre
,
the
only
City
that
remained
to
the
Latins
in
Palestine
.
After
the
Death
of
Nicolaus
the
Fourth
,
the
Chair
was
vacant
fifteen
Months
:
At
length
,
the
Cardinals
chose
a
devout
Hermit
,
called
Peter
Moron
,
who
took
the
Name
of
Celestin
the
Fifth
.
From
Christ
1294.
This
good
Man
being
highly
disgusted
resigns
the
papacy
.
at
the
Grandure
attended
the
Papacy
,
was
easily
persuaded
to
Resign
to
the
Cardinal
of
Cajeta
,
who
took
the
Name
of
Boniface
the
Eighth
.
the
Eighth
.
This
Pope
kept
his
Predecessor
Celestin
under
Confinement
;
where
Celestins
From
Christ
1295.
The
Emperor
Rodolphus
died
in
the
year
1291.
He
was
so
overpersuaded
,
that
the
Voyages
his
Predecessors
made
into
Italy
,
had
been
unfortunate
to
them
,
which
diverted
him
from
going
there
,
and
likewise
made
him
neglect
to
keep
up
his
Authority
in
those
Parts
;
so
that
he
made
Sale
of
the
Franchises
of
the
Towns
of
Severa●
Rep●blick
▪
in
Italy
,
Pisa
,
Pistoya
,
Genoa
,
Luca
,
Sienna
,
and
Florence
;
which
became
so
many
Republicks
:
The
Popes
also
did
not
let
slip
that
opportunity
,
to
establish
themselves
more
firmly
in
their
Temporal
Soveraignties
.
Adolphus
of
Nassau
,
elected
in
the
place
R
〈…〉
s
:
The
War
between
these
two
Competitors
ended
in
a
Battel
,
where
Adolphus
was
overcome
,
and
killed
by
Albert
,
with
his
own
Hand
.
From
Christ
1298.
Pope
Boniface
concludes
this
Century
,
The
Institution
of
the
Jubilee
.
with
the
Celebration
of
a
Jubilee
,
which
he
instituted
to
be
Celebrated
every
hundred
years
.
From
Christ
1300.
He
suborn'd
a
certain
Person
,
by
thrusting
a
hollow
Cane
into
a
hole
in
the
Wall
of
Celestin
,
his
Predecessors
Chamber
,
to
mutter
these
words
to
the
Pope
as
he
lay
in
Bed
:
Celestin
,
if
thou
wilt
be
happy
,
resign
the
Pontificate
.
THE
Fourteenth
Age.
THe
Pope
and
King
Philip
le
Bell
fell
A
Quarre●
between
Boniface
▪
and
Philip
le
Bel.
out
,
upon
occasion
of
the
Popes
pretended
Right
of
Sovereignty
over
all
Kingdoms
.
This
Quarrel
lasted
till
the
Death
of
Boniface
,
which
befell
him
by
the
means
of
William
de
Nogaret
,
a
French
Captain
,
and
Seiarra
Colonna
,
an
Italian
Exile
,
sent
by
King
Philip
into
Italy
,
to
seize
on
the
Pope
;
which
they
performed
,
and
kill'd
him
in
Prison
.
From
Christ
1303.
Benet
the
Eleventh
,
of
the
Order
of
the
Dominicans
,
being
his
Successor
,
disannul'd
Benet
having
held
the
See
no
more
than
eight
Months
,
it
was
vacant
eleven
Months
;
at
the
end
of
which
,
the
King
made
Bertram
of
Goot
,
Archbishop
of
Bourdeaux
,
to
be
chosen
under
the
Name
of
Clement
the
Fifth
.
At
his
Coronation
performed
at
Lyons
,
in
the
presencc
of
King
Philip
,
John
Duke
of
Bretany
was
killed
by
the
tall
of
a
Wall
,
as
the
Duke
was
leading
the
Popes
Mule
by
the
Bridle
.
Charles
,
Count
of
Valois
▪
Brother
to
the
King
,
was
maim'd
;
and
the
Pope
having
his
Miter
struck
off
,
lost
a
Jasper
of
a
great
price
.
He
translated
the
Papal
See
to
the
City
of
Avignon
in
France
,
where
it
continued
70
years
.
From
Christ
1304.
The
Emperor
Albert
having
been
kill'd
by
the
Sons
of
the
Emperor
Adolphus
;
King
Philip
had
a
design
to
have
his
Brother
Charles
,
Count
of
Valois
,
to
be
elected
;
but
the
Pope
fearing
by
that
means
,
that
France
would
become
too
powerful
,
prevented
the
Design
,
persuading
the
Electors
,
the
●●venth
,
Emperor
.
to
give
the
Empire
to
Henry
the
Seventh
,
Count
of
Luxemberg
.
From
Christ
1308.
Charles
le
Boisteux
,
King
of
Naples
,
had
Kings
of
Hungary
●nd
Naples
.
marryed
his
Son
Charles
,
called
Martel
,
with
the
Daughter
and
Heiress
of
Stephen
,
King
of
Hungary
;
Martel
dying
,
leaving
a
Son
,
named
Corobert
,
who
representing
his
Father
,
had
all
the
right
to
succeed
him
in
the
Kingdom
of
Naples
;
however
,
his
Uncle
Robert
carryed
it
before
him
.
From
Christ
1309.
The
Knights
,
Hospitalers
of
St.
John
of
T●●
Hosp●
〈…〉
Rhodes
.
Jerusalem
▪
took
the
Isle
of
Rhodes
,
and
there
establish'd
the
principal
Seat
of
their
Order
.
From
Christ
1310.
At
the
Council
held
at
Vienna
by
Clement
,
the
order
of
the
Templers
,
was
Abolish'd
.
The
Hospitallers
had
some
part
The
Templers
abolish'd
,
with
the
Beguars
,
and
the
Beguins
.
of
their
Lands
;
yet
King
Philip
had
the
greatest
share
.
They
raced
out
also
,
in
the
same
Council
,
the
Beguars
,
and
the
Beguins
,
a
sort
of
Fryars
and
Nuns
,
accused
for
very
great
Disorders
in
their
Life
,
and
of
Errors
in
their
Faith
.
From
Christ
1310.
The
Emperor
Henry
the
Seventh
,
going
The
Emperor
Henry
the
Seventh
poyso●'d
in
the
Sacrument
.
into
Italy
,
to
re-establish
the
Rights
of
the
Empire
,
died
there
,
as
't
is
believed
,
poysoned
by
one
Bernadine
,
a
Predicant
Fryar
,
as
he
gave
him
the
Sacrament
.
From
Christ
1313.
Pope
Clement
,
and
King
Philip
died
,
both
at
the
same
time
.
The
Pope
and
the
King
summon'd
at
the
first
Day
,
by
the
Great
Master
of
the
Templers
Lewis
Hutin
King
of
France
.
The
Great
Master
of
the
Templers
,
at
the
Hour
of
his
Execution
,
summoned
both
the
Pope
,
and
the
King
,
to
appear
before
the
Tribunal
of
God
.
The
Pope
died
in
forty
Days
,
and
the
King
within
a
Year
.
From
Christ
1314.
Lewis
the
Tenth
,
called
Hutin
,
or
the
Contentious
,
reigned
but
two
Years
;
during
which
time
the
See
of
Rome
was
vacant
.
At
length
the
Cardinals
having
impower'd
James
of
Ossa
,
Son
to
a
Shooe-maker
the
22th
.
of
Cahors
,
who
was
of
their
College
,
to
name
a
Pope
,
he
chose
himself
,
under
the
Name
of
John
the
Two
and
twentieth
.
From
Christ
1316.
The
Electors
divided
the
Empire
among
William
Okam
,
an
Englishman
,
and
very
learned
,
and
of
that
Order
,
protected
by
the
Emperor
Lewis
.
From
Christ
1322.
In
France
a
Posthumus
Son
of
Lewis
,
named
Kings
of
France
.
John
,
having
not
lived
above
six
Weeks
,
Philip
the
Fifth
,
called
Le
Long
,
Brother
to
Lewis
,
succeeded
him
,
against
the
Designs
of
some
who
would
have
maintained
the
pretended
Right
of
Jean
,
Daughter
to
the
deceased
King
,
by
the
same
Right
of
the
Salick
Law
.
Charles
the
Fourth
,
called
Le
Bel
,
succeeded
his
Brother
Philip
;
and
to
Charles
,
Philip
the
Sixth
,
called
of
Valois
,
Cousin
German
to
the
three
last
Kings
,
maugre
the
Pretensions
of
Edward
the
Third
King
of
England
,
who
said
,
he
had
more
Right
,
because
he
was
Son
to
Izabella
,
Daughter
to
Philip
le
Bel.
The
Emperor
had
set
up
an
Anti-pope
,
Gascoign
.
From
Christ
1334.
At
Constantinople
▪
Michael
Paleologus
had
Emperors
of
Constantinople
.
for
his
Successor
,
his
Son
Andronicus
;
and
to
this
,
a
Grandson
of
the
same
Name
:
Who
dying
,
left
his
Sons
,
very
young
,
under
the
Tuition
of
John
Cantacusenes
:
This
John
behaved
himself
so
well
in
his
Trust
,
and
with
so
great
Authority
,
that
he
acquired
the
Title
of
Emperor
.
From
Christ
1338.
To
Bennet
the
Twelfth
,
succeeded
Clement
Lymousin
.
From
Christ
1342.
The
War
,
which
lasted
for
some
time
,
between
the
English
and
the
French
,
proved
fatal
to
the
latter
in
this
Year
;
King
Philip
having
lost
the
Battle
near
Cressy
,
in
Picardy
,
The
Battle
of
Cressy
.
against
King
Edward
,
who
took
Calais
,
after
a
Year's
Siege
.
From
Christ
1346.
Lewis
of
Bavaria
was
called
Emperor
,
for
some
time
;
part
of
the
Princes
of
Germany
did
not
acknowledge
him
:
He
being
dead
,
they
all
,
at
last
,
unanimously
the
Fourth
,
Emperor
.
agreed
in
the
Election
of
Charles
the
Fourth
,
of
the
House
of
Luxemburg
,
King
of
Bohomia
.
From
Christ
1347.
A
dreadful
Plague
broke
out
in
Cathaia
,
Persia
,
Mesopotamia
,
Syria
,
and
in
Asia
Minor
:
Europe
was
infested
with
it
,
even
to
the
most
Western
parts
,
and
caused
very
strange
Desolations
through
all
places
.
Clement
the
Sixth
died
:
He
reduc'd
the
Christ
From
1352.
The
People
of
Constantinople
,
compelled
John
Cantacusenes
,
to
resign
the
Empire
to
John
Paleologus
,
Son
to
Andronicus
the
Second
.
From
Christ
1354.
John
King
of
France
,
who
succeeded
his
The
Battle
of
Poitiers
.
Father
Philip
,
lost
the
Battle
at
Poitiers
,
and
there
became
Prisoner
to
Edward
Prince
of
Wales
,
Son
to
Edward
King
of
England
.
From
Christ
1556.
Charles
Son
to
King
John
,
governed
the
Kingdom
with
great
Prudence
,
during
his
Father's
Imprisonment
.
Then
followed
Affair●
betwe●n
France
&
England
.
the
Treaty
of
Brittany
,
in
consequence
of
which
,
King
John
returned
to
France
,
upon
his
Parole
;
but
having
not
that
Interest
to
oblige
the
Nobility
of
his
Kingdom
,
to
consent
to
the
Demands
of
the
English
,
he
went
over
into
England
,
according
to
his
Parole
,
and
most
suitable
to
that
just
That
if
Truth
and
Faith
were
banish'd
from
the
Dwellings
of
the
rest
of
Mankind
,
yet
they
ought
to
be
found
in
the
Hearts
and
Tongues
of
Princes
.
He
died
in
England
.
He
had
instituted
,
or
re-establish'd
the
Order
of
the
Star
,
much
about
the
Time
John
left
four
Sons
;
Charles
the
Fifth
,
called
the
Wise
,
was
his
Successor
:
He
was
the
first
who
had
the
Title
of
Dauphine
The
first
Dauphine
of
France
.
according
to
the
Treaty
made
with
Humbert
,
Dauphine
of
Vienna
;
by
which
he
resigned
up
his
Dominions
to
King
John
.
The
other
Sons
of
this
King
,
were
Lewis
The
Second
House
of
Anjou
.
Duke
of
Anjou
,
chief
of
the
Second
▪
Royal
House
of
that
Name
.
Philip
,
called
the
Hardy
,
Duke
of
Burgundy
,
The
Second
House
of
Burgundy
a
Stock
also
of
the
Second
Royal
House
of
that
Name
;
and
John
Duke
of
Berry
,
who
left
no
Branch
.
The
Dutchy
of
Brittany
had
been
disputed
A
Quarrel
for
the
Dutchy
of
Brittany
.
a
long
time
,
between
Charles
of
Blois
,
who
pretended
to
it
by
Jane
his
Wife
,
Daughter
of
Guy
,
Brother
to
Duke
John
the
Third
,
who
died
without
Children
;
and
John
Earl
of
Montford
,
who
boasted
to
have
the
most
Right
,
as
he
was
the
nearest
Male.
The
Battle
of
Auray
,
that
Charles
lost
,
The
Battle
of
Auray
.
where
he
was
killed
upon
the
place
,
decided
the
Difference
in
favour
of
John
;
who
entred
into
the
full
and
quiet
possession
of
the
Dutchy
,
and
had
the
Surname
of
Conquerour
,
and
Victorious
.
The
French
and
the
English
had
taken
Parties
in
this
long
War
;
the
first
for
Charles
,
near
Kinsman
to
King
Philip
the
Sixth
,
and
the
second
for
John
.
These
two
Nations
were
also
concerned
The
Civil
War
in
Castile
.
in
a
Difference
between
Don
Pedro
,
called
the
Cruel
,
and
Don
Henry
his
Bastard
Brother
,
about
the
Kingdom
of
Castile
:
At
last
,
after
various
Successes
on
both
sides
,
the
War
was
decided
by
a
Battle
,
where
Don
Pedro
was
defeated
and
killed
by
Don
Henry
:
So
that
this
Henry
being
assisted
by
the
French
,
under
the
Command
of
the
brave
,
and
famous
Betrand
of
Guesclin
,
Castile
.
From
Christ
1369.
This
great
and
fortunate
Captain
Bertrand
,
had
brought
for
this
Expedition
,
Troops
of
disbanded
Soldiers
;
who
,
passing
through
the
County
,
forc'd
Pope
Urban
From
Christ
371.
David
Bruce
,
King
of
the
Scots
,
dying
King
of
Scots
.
without
Children
,
Robert
Stuart
is
acknowledged
King
of
the
Scots
,
in
right
of
his
Wife
,
Sister
to
King
David
.
By
the
Council
of
St.
Bridget
of
Swede
,
and
of
St.
Catherine
of
Sienna
,
according
to
the
Revelations
they
pretended
from
Heaven
,
Gregory
the
Eleventh
,
Successor
to
Urban
the
Fifth
,
returned
to
Rome
,
where
returned
to
Rome
.
after
fourteen
Months
he
died
,
repenting
to
have
believed
those
Revelations
against
the
Light
of
his
own
Understanding
.
From
Christ
1377.
The
Cardinals
compell'd
by
the
Romans
to
chuse
an
Italian
Pope
,
elected
the
Arch-Bishop
of
Paris
,
under
the
Name
of
Urban
the
Sixth
;
but
the
Cardinals
being
at
liberty
,
retired
to
Fundi
,
in
the
Kingdom
of
Naples
,
where
they
made
a
Second
Election
,
of
a
Cardinal
of
Geneva
,
under
the
Name
of
Clement
the
Seventh
;
so
that
Urban
residing
at
Rome
,
and
Clement
at
France
,
Castile
,
Scotland
,
and
Naples
,
acknowledged
Clement
:
The
rest
of
Italy
,
with
England
,
declared
for
Urban
:
The
States
of
the
Kingdom
of
Arragon
,
remained
Neuters
.
From
Christ
1379.
The
Emperor
Charles
the
Fourth
died
:
The
Death
of
Charles
the
Fourth
,
Emperor
.
He
had
been
Crowned
at
Rome
,
by
the
Legates
of
that
Pope
,
who
then
resided
at
Avignion
:
But
this
Ceremony
was
performed
with
that
Disgrace
,
that
they
obliged
him
to
leave
Rome
,
the
same
Day
he
was
Crowned
;
which
he
did
.
However
,
he
was
to
be
praised
for
making
the
Golden
The
Golden
Bull.
Wencelaus
Emperor
.
Bull
,
in
which
was
regulated
all
that
relates
to
the
Election
of
an
Emperor
.
He
had
for
his
Successor
,
his
Son
Wencelaus
,
King
of
Bohemia
.
Charles
the
Fifth
,
King
of
France
,
died
;
Kings
of
France
.
and
his
eldest
Son
,
Charles
the
Sixth
,
succeeded
him
.
From
Christ
1380.
While
the
Tartars
,
and
the
Turks
,
disputed
A
Sophy
King
of
Persia
.
for
the
Kingdom
of
Persia
,
a
certain
Sophy
declaring
,
he
was
descended
from
Haly
,
Son-in-Law
to
Mahomet
,
made
himself
Master
of
it
;
whose
Posterity
Reigns
there
to
this
time
.
The
Flemins
revolting
against
their
Count
of
Flanders
,
the
young
King
Charles
took
his
part
,
and
defeated
the
Rebels
at
The
Battle
of
Roesbeck
.
Roesbeck
in
Flanders
,
where
Philip
of
Arteville
,
their
chief
Commander
,
was
killed
.
From
Christ
1382.
John
Paleologus
had
been
deposed
from
Emperors
of
Constantinople
.
the
Empire
of
Constantinople
,
by
his
Son
Andronicus
;
but
was
a
while
after
re-invested
:
After
whose
Death
,
Manuel
,
his
Second
Son
,
succeeded
him
.
The
Turks
were
grown
very
considerable
since
the
beginning
of
this
Age
,
being
so
powerfully
establish'd
in
Bithynia
,
and
in
other
neighbouring
Countries
of
the
lesser
Asia
,
under
Ottoman
their
first
Sultan
,
Amurath
the
Son
of
Solyman
,
who
reigned
at
this
time
,
past
into
Europe
,
and
made
his
Conquests
in
the
Country
of
Bulgaria
,
along
the
Danube
.
From
Christ
1384.
Jane
Queen
of
Naples
had
succeeded
Kings
of
Naples
.
her
Father
Robert
,
and
had
no
Children
by
her
four
Husbands
:
She
had
a
Sister
married
to
her
Cousin
Charles
of
Durus
,
who
had
no
Children
;
but
Jane
being
displeas'd
with
her
Brother-in-Law
,
adopted
Lewis
Duke
of
Anjou
,
and
to
him
resigned
the
Right
of
her
Kingdom
.
From
Christ
1385.
Charles
,
called
the
Wicked
,
King
of
The
horrid
Death
of
Charles
King
of
Navar.
Navar
,
died
in
a
most
deplorable
manner
:
For
the
Surgeon
,
who
wrapt
him
,
and
sewed
him
up
in
Linnen
dipt
in
strong
Spirits
,
which
having
took
fire
by
carelesness
,
burnt
him
.
From
Christ
1387.
Urban
the
Sixth
being
dead
,
the
Roman
After
his
Death
,
the
Cardinals
chose
for
his
Successor
,
a
Spaniard
,
of
the
House
of
From
Christ
1394.
In
the
last
Year
of
this
Age
,
the
Electors
Emperor
,
then
Rupert
Count
Palatine
.
deposed
Wencelaus
,
judging
him
unworthy
of
the
Empire
,
because
of
his
ill
Qualities
.
They
put
Henry
of
Brunswick
in
his
place
;
who
having
been
killed
in
the
same
Year
,
they
then
made
choice
of
Rupert
,
Count
Palatine
of
the
Rhine
.
From
Christ
1400.
The
Fifteenth
Age.
ABout
the
end
of
the
former
Century
,
John
Count
of
Nevers
,
attended
with
a
great
Number
of
the
French
Nobility
,
march'd
to
the
Relief
of
Hungary
,
against
Bajazet
Emperor
of
the
Turks
.
The
Christian
The
Battle
of
Nicopolis
.
Army
had
been
beaten
at
the
Battle
of
Nicopolis
.
John
was
taken
Prisoner
,
with
the
famous
Boucicaut
,
with
many
French
Gentlemen
.
John
and
Boucicaut
were
releas'd
.
The
Turks
attack'd
Constantinople
in
the
The
Emperor
Manuel
having
applied
himself
to
King
Charles
for
Succors
,
he
sent
him
some
under
the
Command
of
the
same
Boucicaut
,
who
relieved
Constantinople
;
which
obliged
Manuel
to
come
into
France
,
to
thank
the
King
,
and
to
beg
of
him
fresh
Supplies
.
From
Christ
1401.
During
the
time
that
Manuel
was
in
Cham
of
the
Tartars
.
Bajazet
overcome
,
and
kept
Prisoner
.
France
,
Tamberlain
the
Cham
of
the
Tartars
,
over-run
the
Eastern
parts
,
with
a
most
formidable
Army
.
He
overcame
,
and
took
Bajazet
Prisoner
,
and
treated
him
with
that
scorn
,
that
the
most
miserable
Prince
dash'd
out
his
Brains
against
the
Bars
of
the
Iron
Cage
,
in
which
he
was
shut
up
like
a
wild
Beast
.
From
Christ
1402.
At
Rome
,
Boniface
the
Ninth
being
dead
,
Sienna
;
Bennet
into
Catalonia
,
his
Native
Country
.
The
greatest
part
of
the
Cardinals
having
abandoned
them
,
assembled
in
Council
at
Pisa
,
where
Gregory
and
Bennet
were
The
Council
of
Pisa
.
deposed
,
and
a
Cordelier
,
called
Peter
Phylargus
,
chosen
in
their
places
,
under
the
Name
of
Alexander
the
Fifth
,
who
died
The
Cardinals
who
had
followed
him
to
Bologna
,
elected
Balthazar
Cossa
,
who
took
the
Name
of
John
the
Twenty
third
.
From
Christ
1410.
There
was
also
a
Schism
in
the
Empire
,
between
Sigismund
,
Brother
to
Wenceslaus
Josse
,
Sigismund
was
acknowledged
Emperor
by
all
the
Princes
.
From
Christ
1411.
This
Prince
ordered
a
Council
to
be
A
Council
at
Constance
.
held
in
the
City
of
Constance
,
where
they
resolved
on
Five
remarkable
Things
:
1.
They
burn'd
as
Hereticks
,
John
Hus
,
John
Hus.
2.
They
abolish'd
the
Use
of
the
Cup
,
3.
They
declared
a
Council
superior
to
the
Pope
.
4.
In
Consequence
to
that
,
they
deposed
5.
They
elected
Martin
the
Fifth
,
of
the
House
of
Colonna
,
after
he
had
promis'd
on
his
Oath
,
to
keep
the
Decrees
of
the
Council
.
From
Christ
1417.
Of
the
three
deposed
Popes
,
John
,
and
Gregory
submitted
to
the
Sentence
of
the
Council
.
Bennet
persisted
even
'till
Death
,
tho'
he
had
but
two
Cardinals
with
him
;
whom
he
commanded
,
when
he
was
dying
,
to
elect
a
Successor
;
which
they
did
,
naming
a
Chanoine
of
Barcellona
,
who
took
the
Name
of
Clement
the
Eighth
:
But
at
length
he
deposed
himself
,
and
was
in
exchange
made
Arch-Bishop
of
Majorca
.
From
Christ
1422.
In
France
,
King
Charles
had
before
lost
a
Piccardy
:
Henry
the
Fifth
,
who
won
it
,
became
very
powerful
in
France
;
the
more
,
because
there
hapned
very
great
Troubles
by
a
madness
King
Charles
fell
into
,
upon
the
Death
of
his
Brother
Lewis
Duke
of
Orleans
,
whom
his
Cousin
John
,
Duke
of
Burgundy
,
had
caused
to
be
Assassinated
at
Paris
.
By
the
Death
of
the
same
John
,
kill'd
at
▪
Montereau
in
Brye
,
by
the
Servants
of
Charles
Dauphin
,
in
the
presence
of
that
Prince
.
Lastly
,
by
the
hatred
of
Queen
Izabella
of
Bavaria
,
against
her
Son
the
Dauphin
,
which
grew
so
violent
,
that
she
joined
in
a
Faction
with
Philip
Duke
of
Burgundy
,
whose
Interests
prevailed
with
the
States
General
,
to
deprive
the
Dauphin
of
his
Right
to
the
Succession
of
the
Crown
,
and
to
acknowledge
for
the
Heir
of
King
Charles
,
Henry
King
of
England
his
Son-in-Law
,
who
married
Katharine
his
Daughter
.
The
famous
Captain
John
Zisca
,
a
Bohemian
,
a
famous
Captain
.
died
,
after
he
had
vindicated
the
Liberty
,
and
the
Evangelick
Religion
of
his
Country-men
against
Wens●laus
,
and
Sigismond
,
Kings
of
that
Country
:
o'er
whom
,
he
gained
many
Battels
,
even
after
he
had
lost
both
his
Eyes
in
that
War
.
From
Christ
1425.
It
was
resolved
in
the
Council
of
Constance
,
that
another
should
be
held
seven
years
after
.
Pope
Martin
was
averse
to
The
Council
of
Basle
.
Successor
Eugenius
the
Fourth
,
sent
his
Legats
to
cause
it
to
be
opened
.
From
Christ
1431.
After
several
years
of
great
Confusion
in
France
,
King
Charles
the
Seventh
,
re-establish'd
himself
,
by
forcing
out
the
English
;
so
that
there
remained
in
their
Possession
nothing
but
the
City
of
Calais
.
This
great
Revolution
was
begun
,
and
advanc'd
by
a
certain
young
Wench
,
called
the
Maid
of
Orleans
,
who
pretended
,
The
Maid
of
Orleans
.
she
was
inspired
from
Heaven
,
to
employ
her self
to
reinthrone
King
Charles
.
The
Emperor
Sigismond
being
dead
,
his
the
second
Emperor
.
Son-in-Law
Albert
the
Second
,
succeeded
him
in
the
Empire
,
and
in
the
Kingdoms
of
Hungary
and
Bohemia
.
From
Christ
1438.
The
Pope
Eugenius
fell
out
with
the
Council
of
Basle
,
and
signified
to
them
,
That
it
should
be
removed
to
Ferrara
.
In
effect
,
a
Council
was
called
there
,
where
The
Council
of
Ferrara
.
he
was
in
Person
with
John
Paleologus
,
Emperor
of
Constantinople
,
who
had
brought
with
him
many
Grecian
Bishops
;
then
they
went
from
thence
to
Florence
,
where
the
Greeks
made
an
Agreement
with
the
Latins
,
on
many
Articles
of
Belief
;
in
which
till
that
time
,
they
had
differed
.
In
the
mean
time
,
the
Council
of
Basle
not
at
all
fearing
the
Fulminations
of
Eugenius
,
th●
Fifth
Antipope
.
Foelix
the
Fifth
:
This
Prince
had
resigned
his
Dukedom
to
his
Son
,
Duke
Lewis
,
and
was
retired
to
the
delitious
Hermitage
of
Repaille
,
on
the
Lake
of
Geneva
.
At
last
,
Peace
being
made
between
the
French
and
the
English
:
Lewis
the
Dauphin
,
to
discharge
the
Kingdom
of
the
Soldiers
,
who
ruined
it
,
brought
a
great
Army
out
of
the
Empire
:
Four
thousand
A
remarkable
Action
of
the
Switzers
.
Switzers
were
so
bold
,
to
oppose
his
Paslage
;
they
sold
their
Lives
at
a
dear
rate
,
but
they
were
all
kill'd
but
one
;
who
being
return'd
to
his
Canton
,
lost
his
Head
as
a
base
Deserter
.
From
Christ
1444.
The
young
Ladislaus
,
King
of
Hungary
,
broke
very
rashly
the
Peace
he
had
swore
to
the
Turks
.
It
was
believed
,
that
the
Misfortune
of
the
Battel
of
Varne
was
a
The
Battel
of
Varn●
just
punishment
for
the
breaking
his
Oath
.
He
was
there
overcome
,
and
killed
by
Amurat
the
Second
,
Sultan
of
the
Turks
.
Nicolaus
the
Fifth
,
Successor
to
Eugenius
the
Fourth
,
saw
an
end
of
the
Schism
,
by
the
free
▪
Resignation
of
Faelix
,
who
remained
Cardinal
and
Legat
of
his
own
Country
,
and
the
adjacent
Places
:
The
Council
of
Basle
having
no
more
power
,
broke
up
;
so
that
Nicolaus
was
acknowledged
Pope
without
any
Dispute
.
From
Christ
1449.
Mahomet
the
Second
of
that
Name
,
Emperor
the
Second
,
takes
Constantinople
.
of
the
Turks
,
took
Constantinople
from
Constantin
the
Eleventh
Paleologus
,
the
last
Christian
Emperor
of
that
City
.
It
was
taken
by
Assault
;
and
the
Confusion
was
so
very
great
,
that
Constantin
endeavouring
to
save
himself
,
was
stifled
at
a
Gate
of
the
City
,
by
the
multitude
of
flying
People
.
From
Christ
1453.
Alphonso
Borgia
,
a
Spaniard
,
under
the
From
Christ
1455.
He
acted
nothing
remarkable
.
Pius
the
Second
his
Successor
,
made
himself
more
Eminent
,
for
his
great
Learning
,
and
extraordinary
Zeal
against
the
Turks
.
His
Name
was
Aeneas
Silvius
Picolomini
,
a
Citizen
of
Sienna
.
From
Christ
1458.
Since
Henry
the
Third
,
King
of
England
,
Affairs
of
England
.
three
Edwards
had
Reigned
,
successively
from
Father
to
Son
:
Edward
the
Third
,
had
Edward
Prince
of
Wales
,
who
died
before
his
Father
;
leaving
his
Son
Richard
the
Second
,
who
Reigned
after
the
Death
of
his
Grandfather
:
Richard
was
Dethroned
by
Henry
the
Fourth
,
Son
of
Henry
Duke
of
Lancaster
,
youngest
Son
to
Edward
the
Third
.
Lyonel
,
Duke
of
Clarence
,
being
the
next
to
Edward
Prince
of
Wales
.
Lyonel
had
a
Daughter
,
who
was
marryed
to
the
Duke
of
York
:
From
Henry
the
Fourth
,
came
Henry
the
Fifth
,
who
had
been
received
in
France
to
succeed
Charles
the
Sixth
,
in
right
of
his
Wife
Catharine
,
The
Quarrel
between
the
House
of
York
and
Lancaster
.
Daughter
to
Charles
.
From
that
Marriage
,
came
Henry
the
Sixth
,
who
was
Crowned
,
being
a
Child
,
King
of
France
,
in
the
Church
of
St.
Denis
.
Not
long
after
Edward
the
Fourth
,
Duke
of
York
,
descended
from
Lyonel
Duke
of
Clarence
,
second
Son
to
Edward
the
Third
,
dethroned
,
and
put
to
death
Henry
the
Sixth
,
and
set
up
himself
in
his
place
.
From
Christ
1460.
Charles
the
Seventh
,
King
of
France
,
suffered
himself
to
die
of
Hunger
,
for
fear
of
being
poysoned
,
having
Conquered
his
Affairs
of
France
.
Kingdom
from
the
English
.
He
might
have
been
called
Fortunate
,
if
he
had
had
another
Father
,
another
Mother
,
and
another
Son
.
This
Son
was
Lewis
the
Eleventh
,
who
succeeded
his
Father
,
whom
he
had
very
ill
treated
.
From
Christ
1461.
After
the
Death
of
Tamberlain
,
who
had
conquered
the
Persians
;
Hussan
Cassan
,
possess'd
himself
of
that
Kingdom
;
he
succeeded
Kings
of
Persia
.
the
Hermit
Sophy
,
from
whence
came
the
Sophyes
,
who
have
Reigned
in
Persia
to
this
time
.
From
Christ
1463.
Pius
the
Second
,
died
:
No
private
Person
ever
laboured
more
than
Aeneas
Silvius
,
to
restrain
the
Authority
of
the
Popes
,
within
the
limits
of
their
antient
The
Emperor
,
Albert
the
Second
,
died
;
leaving
his
Empress
big
with
Child
:
She
Kings
of
Hungary
and
Bohemia
.
was
delivered
of
a
Son
,
called
Ladislaus
,
who
succeeded
his
Father
in
the
Kingdoms
of
Hungary
and
Bohemia
.
Frederic
the
Third
,
Cousin
to
Albert
,
and
the
Third
,
Emperor
.
of
the
same
House
of
Austria
,
was
Successor
to
the
Empire
.
The
young
King
Ladislaus
,
dying
before
he
was
marryed
;
the
Hungarians
chose
for
their
King
,
Mathias
Corvin
,
Son
King
of
Hungary
.
of
John
Huniades
,
a
great
Captain
,
who
had
made
himself
famous
in
the
War
against
the
Turks
.
The
Bohemians
for
their
part
,
chose
for
King
of
Bohemia
.
their
King
,
George
Polebrac
,
one
of
the
Grandees
of
their
Country
:
This
King
being
of
the
Evangelick
Faith
,
protected
those
of
that
Religion
,
in
his
Kingdom
.
Paul
the
Second
,
called
Barbaro
,
Avenetian
succeeded
Pius
the
Second
.
Then
to
Charles
,
the
last
Duke
of
Burgundy
,
had
the
last
,
Duke
of
Burgundy
,
defeated
by
the
Switzers
.
continually
waged
War
with
Lewis
King
of
France
.
He
had
conquered
Lorraine
of
Rayner
,
who
had
Right
to
the
Kingdom
of
Naples
,
and
was
Duke
of
Anjou
:
He
endeavoured
to
subject
the
Switzars
,
which
Design
proved
fatal
to
him
;
for
they
overcame
him
twice
in
their
Country
,
where
he
went
to
attack
them
,
at
Granzona
,
and
at
Morat
,
and
the
third
time
near
to
Nancy
,
which
he
Besieged
,
making
War
against
Rayner
,
King
of
Naples
,
and
Duke
of
Lorraine
:
Charles
having
been
From
Christ
1477.
Daughter
and
Heiress
,
married
to
Maximillian
of
Austria
.
His
Daughter
,
and
Heiress
Maria
,
marryed
Maximilian
,
Son
to
Frederic
the
Third
,
Emperor
.
By
this
Marriage
,
she
brought
to
the
House
of
Austria
,
the
Sovereignty
of
the
seventeen
Provinces
in
the
Low-Countries
,
with
the
County
of
Burgundy
;
the
Dutchy
having
been
reunited
to
the
Crown
of
France
,
by
King
Lewis
the
Eleventh
.
There
was
another
Heiress
,
who
had
The
Right
of
the
Kingdom
of
Cyprus
.
brought
the
Right
of
the
Kingdom
of
Cyprus
to
the
House
of
Savoy
;
She
was
Charlotta
,
the
only
Daughter
to
John
the
Second
of
Lusignan
,
King
of
Cyprus
:
By
marrying
Lewis
Duke
of
Savoy
,
who
having
In
the
House
of
Savoy
.
no
Children
,
she
bequeath'd
her
Kingdom
by
Testament
:
But
James
her
Bastard-Brother
,
having
took
possession
of
Cyprus
,
Catharina
Cornaro
his
Widdow
,
To
the
Venetians
.
transferr'd
to
the
Venetians
,
the
Right
she
pretended
to
that
Kingdom
;
of
which
,
the
Venetians
put
themselves
into
a
present
Possession
.
The
House
of
the
Medices
having
for
sometime
swayed
the
Government
of
Florence
;
several
Conspirators
of
other
A
Conspiracy
against
the
Medices
.
great
Families
of
that
City
,
supported
by
the
Pope
,
set
upon
the
two
Brothers
Julian
and
Laurence
,
in
a
Church
,
at
the
time
of
Mass
;
where
Julian
was
killed
;
Laurence
having
saved
Himself
,
did
stir
up
the
People
against
the
Conspirators
;
some
of
them
were
hanged
up
in
the
heat
.
Among
others
,
Salviati
,
Archbishop
of
Pisa
.
From
Christ
1478.
The
Pope
employ'd
his
Arms
,
Spiritual
and
Temporal
,
against
the
Florentines
;
but
they
maintained
the
War
with
Forces
the
King
of
France
sent
them
,
under
the
Command
of
Philip
de
Comines
,
whose
Name
is
Affairs
of
England
.
kill'd
with
Richard
his
Brother
,
by
Richard
their
Uncle
,
who
usurpd
'
the
Crown
.
From
Christ
1483.
Lewis
the
Eleventh
,
King
of
France
,
died
;
a
Prince
who
had
Reigned
with
John
Cibo
,
a
Genouese
,
under
the
Name
Henry
the
Seventh
made
himself
King
of
England
,
having
overcome
and
killed
in
Battel
Richard
the
Third
.
Henry
was
of
Affairs
of
England
.
the
House
of
Lancaster
,
by
his
Mothers
side
:
He
united
the
two
Houses
,
York
and
Lancaster
,
who
were
Enemies
,
by
marrying
Mary
of
York
,
Daughter
to
Edward
the
Fourth
,
and
Sister
to
Edward
the
Fifth
.
From
Christ
1485.
Ferdinand
,
King
of
Arragon
,
and
his
taken
from
the
Saracens
.
Wife
Izabella
,
Queen
of
Castille
,
took
Granada
from
Boadilla
,
the
last
King
of
the
Saracens
,
in
Spain
.
From
Christ
1492.
A
little
while
after
,
Christopher
Colombus
,
Izabella
.
From
Christ
1494.
King
Charles
went
into
Italy
,
where
all
the
Eighth
in
Italy
.
the
Cities
received
him
as
Conqueror
;
so
he
entered
Rome
,
where
Alexander
the
Sixth
,
Successor
to
Innocent
the
Eighth
,
either
could
not
,
or
durst
not
oppose
him
:
from
thence
he
march'd
to
the
Kingdom
of
Naples
,
and
made
himself
Master
of
it
with
incredible
facility
.
His
Design
was
,
to
carry
on
the
War
even
to
Constantinople
;
to
which
end
,
he
had
delivered
from
the
hands
of
the
Pope
,
Zizim
▪
Brother
to
Bajazet
the
Second
,
to
make
use
of
him
against
Bajazet
;
but
the
Design
miscarried
by
the
Death
of
Zizim
,
but
chiefly
by
the
League
the
Pope
,
the
Venetians
,
and
Lodowike
Sforza
,
Duke
of
Millan
,
made
against
the
King
,
to
fight
him
as
he
came
back
.
The
Battel
was
fought
The
Battel
of
Fornova
.
near
Fornova
,
a
Village
near
to
Piacenza
.
where
the
King
wholly
routed
them
,
tho'
they
were
six
times
more
in
number
than
those
of
his
Army
:
but
the
French
lost
the
Kingdom
of
Naples
in
as
short
a
time
,
as
they
had
Conquered
it
;
that
there
remained
to
them
nothing
more
than
a
filthy
Two
Years
after
,
Charles
being
dead
,
Lewis
Duke
of
Orleans
,
first
Prince
of
the
Blood
,
succeeded
him
.
The
new
King
broke
off
his
Marriage
with
Jeane
,
the
Daughter
of
Lewis
the
Eleventh
,
and
Sister
Affairs
of
France
.
to
the
last
King
,
marrying
his
Widow
Ann
,
Dutchess
of
Britany
.
In
a
short
time
,
he
march'd
into
Italy
,
and
retook
the
Dutchy
of
Millan
,
from
that
Traytor
and
Usurper
Lodowike
Sforza
,
whom
he
sent
Prisoner
into
France
,
where
he
died
.
From
Christ
1500.
THE
Sixteenth
Age.
THE
King
having
made
that
Conquest
King
of
Napl●s
,
dyed
a
Prisoner
in
France
.
in
his
own
Person
,
regained
also
the
Kingdom
of
Naples
by
his
Lieutenant
Generals
,
who
took
King
Frederic
:
Lewis
treated
him
very
honourably
,
even
to
his
Death
;
which
hapned
in
France
,
where
he
was
kept
a
Prisoner
with
great
respect
.
From
Christ
1501.
Alexander
the
Sixth
,
died
of
Poyson
Caesar
Borgia
.
From
Christ
1503.
Pius
the
Third
Picolomini
,
Nephew
to
Benet
the
Second
,
having
held
the
See
but
twenty
days
,
Julius
the
Second
,
was
chose
in
his
place
.
From
Christ
1504.
Ferdinand
,
King
of
Arragon
,
retakes
the
The
King
of
Arragon
retakes
the
Kingdom
of
Naples
.
Kingdom
of
Naples
from
the
French
,
by
his
General
Gonzalvo
:
the
Spaniards
called
him
the
great
Captain
.
From
Christ
1505.
The
Genoueses
,
who
had
submitted
to
punish'd
for
their
Revolt
,
by
K.
Lewis
.
King
Lewis
,
did
Revolt
;
but
King
Lewis
severely
punish'd
them
for
it
.
From
Christ
1507.
King
Lewis
marched
into
Italy
,
to
preserve
the
Millanese
:
He
gained
the
Battel
,
The
Battel
of
Gyra
D'
Adda
.
called
Gyra
D'Adda
,
from
the
Venetians
,
and
others
confederated
against
him
.
From
Christ
1509.
Three
years
after
,
the
French
obtained
The
Battel
of
Ravenna
.
another
Victory
at
Ravenna
,
over
the
Popes
Army
,
in
League
with
the
Venetians
.
This
Battel
,
fought
on
Easter-Day
,
proved
dismal
to
the
Conquerors
;
their
General
Gaston
du
Foy
,
Duke
of
Nemours
,
was
killed
,
The
Duke
of
Nemours
killed
.
Nephew
to
the
King
,
as
he
was
too
hotly
persuing
those
who
fled
.
From
Christ
1512.
By
his
Death
,
the
French
Army
disbanded
themselves
;
which
occasioned
the
loss
of
all
had
been
got
in
Italy
.
The
Re-establishment
of
Maximillian
Sforza
in
the
Duke
of
Millan
.
The
Council
of
Pisa
and
Millan
,
come
to
nothing
.
Dutchy
of
Millan
,
and
the
Dissolution
of
the
Council
,
which
the
King
had
caused
to
be
Assembled
at
Pisa
,
and
was
from
thence
transferred
to
Millan
,
in
opposition
to
the
Pope
.
These
Assemblies
proved
at
last
to
be
of
no
effect
.
Benhemet
,
an
Arabian
,
reputed
a
Saint
,
persuaded
the
Inhabitants
of
Fez
and
Morocco
,
The
Kingdoms
of
Fez
and
Morocco
.
that
he
was
of
the
Line
of
Mahomet
;
upon
which
,
they
received
him
for
King
of
those
two
Kingdoms
.
From
Christ
1513.
Julius
the
Second
,
finding
himself
strong
enough
to
fall
violently
on
the
French
,
by
reason
of
the
ill
Success
of
their
Affairs
in
Italy
,
was
prevented
in
his
Design
,
by
Death
.
His
Successor
was
Leo
the
Tenth
,
After
her
Death
,
Lewis
married
Mary
,
The
Affairs
of
France
and
England
.
the
Daughter
of
Henry
the
Seventh
,
King
of
England
,
and
Sister
to
Henry
the
Eighth
,
who
then
succeeded
his
Father
.
From
Christ
1514.
Lewis
lived
but
one
year
after
his
late
Kings
of
France
.
Marriage
.
A
Prince
who
had
no
very
ill
Qualities
,
but
many
excellent
ones
:
which
acquired
him
the
name
of
Father
of
his
People
.
He
leaving
no
Sons
,
Francis
Duke
of
Angolesme
succeeded
him
,
being
next
Prince
of
the
Blood
:
King
Lewis
made
him
marry
Claudia
his
eldest
Daughter
.
He
had
by
his
first
Wise
,
Ann
of
Britany
.
From
Christ
1515.
The
new
King
presently
march'd
,
to
The
Battel
of
Marrignan
.
Conquer
the
Dutchy
of
Millan
,
which
succeeded
happily
to
him
,
having
defeated
a
great
Army
of
Switzers
,
near
to
Marignan
.
Tho'
this
great
Success
did
not
please
the
Pope
,
yet
he
came
to
Bolognia
,
where
he
conferred
with
the
King
.
Selim
,
Emperor
of
the
Turks
,
had
conquered
Egypt
,
and
all
that
depended
on
The
Conquests
of
Sultan
Selim
.
that
Empire
of
the
Mamalukes
,
or
Sultans
of
Egypt
.
This
formidable
Enemy
threatned
Italy
,
which
made
the
Pope
to
publish
a
Croisade
against
him
:
They
,
to
whom
the
Pope
had
given
Commission
to
preach
it
up
,
and
to
collect
Money
for
Indulgencies
,
which
were
distributed
to
those
who
would
contribute
to
the
Expence
of
that
Expedition
,
behaved
rhemselves
so
very
insolently
in
that
Employment
,
especially
Martin
Luther
of
the
Order
of
the
Augustins
,
supported
by
Frederic
Duke
of
Saxony
,
took
upon
him
to
preach
against
this
enormous
Abuse
.
From
Christ
1516.
Maximillian
had
succeeded
in
the
Empire
to
Frederic
the
Third
.
Philip
,
the
Son
of
Maximillian
,
had
marryed
Jane
,
Daughter
of
Ferdinand
,
King
of
Arragon
,
and
of
Izabella
,
Queen
of
Castille
.
Philip
dying
before
his
Father
,
left
two
Sons
,
Charles
and
Ferdinand
.
This
Year
Charles
was
From
Christ
1519.
The
French
lost
Millain
,
with
their
other
driven
out
of
Italy
.
Conquests
in
Italy
:
It
is
said
,
that
Pope
Leo
died
with
extream
Joy
of
it
.
His
Successor
was
Adrian
the
Sixth
,
born
From
Christ
1522.
Solyman
the
Second
,
Emperor
of
the
taken
by
Solyman
,
from
the
Knights-Hospitallers
They
go
to
Malta
.
Popes
.
Turks
,
took
Rhodes
from
the
Knights-Hospitallers
:
After
they
had
wandred
about
for
some
time
,
the
Emperor
Charles
gave
them
the
Isle
of
Malta
,
where
they
still
reside
.
From
Christ
1523.
Julian
de
Medices
,
under
the
Name
of
Clement
the
Seventh
,
succeeded
Adrian
.
King
Francis
having
past
a
second
time
taken
Prisoner
before
Pavia
.
into
Italy
,
was
taken
Prisoner
before
Pavia
,
by
the
Generals
of
the
Emperor
Charles
the
Fifth
.
From
Christ
1525.
After
a
Year's
Imprisonment
,
this
King
From
Christ
1526.
The
Pope
having
left
the
Emperor's
This
Duke
had
quitted
France
,
upon
The
Duke
of
Bourbon
killed
.
some
kind
of
Discontent
:
He
was
killed
as
he
entred
Rome
,
some
few
paces
from
the
Breach
.
The
Pope
being
made
a
Prisoner
in
the
are
Sovereigns
of
Florence
.
Andrea
Doria
,
a
Genouese
.
the
chief
of
the
House
of
the
Medices
,
of
which
was
the
Pope
:
So
the
Medices
became
Sovereigns
of
Tuscany
.
Andrea
Doria
behaved
himself
better
towards
Genoa
,
his
Country
:
For
having
abandoned
the
King
of
France's
Service
,
in
which
he
had
been
a
long
time
engaged
,
offered
himself
to
the
Emperor
,
upon
Condition
,
that
the
Liberty
of
his
Country
should
be
preserved
.
From
Christ
1530.
The
Peace
made
between
the
Emperor
,
A
Peace
between
the
Emperor
,
and
the
King
.
The
Siege
of
Vienna
raised
.
and
the
King
of
France
,
forced
Solyman
to
raise
the
Siege
of
Vienna
.
The
Separation
of
England
from
the
Church
of
Rome
,
occasioned
by
the
Divorce
of
Henry
the
Eighth
,
and
his
Queen
Catherine
of
Arragon
.
John
Calvin
was
called
to
Geneva
,
to
From
Christ
153●
.
The
Emperor
Charles
the
Fifth
passed
Mul●y
Hassan
,
who
had
been
deposed
by
the
famous
Corsair
,
Barbarossa
.
In
his
Return
from
that
Expedition
,
the
Emperor
lost
a
great
part
of
his
Ships
and
Galleys
in
a
Storm
.
He
was
also
as
unfortunate
in
an
Enterprize
He
came
t●
Provence
,
and
retired
with
great
loss
of
his
Soldiers
.
against
France
:
He
came
into
Provence
,
without
acting
any
thing
there
,
he
was
constrained
to
retire
with
the
loss
of
the
greatest
part
of
his
vast
Army
.
A
Peace
being
made
,
he
past
through
A
Peace
with
France
.
France
,
in
order
to
quell
the
Rebellion
of
Gaunt
.
From
Christ
1541.
But
having
not
perform'd
what
he
promis'd
From
Christ
1543.
Then
followed
the
Battle
of
Cerisolles
,
The
Battle
of
Cerisolles
.
won
by
the
French
,
under
the
Conduct
of
the
Duke
D'Anguien
,
Francis
of
Bourbon
,
over
the
Imperialists
.
Then
a
Peace
was
concluded
between
Low
Countries
.
From
Christ
1545.
Edward
the
Sixth
succeeded
his
Father
Kings
of
England
.
Henry
the
Eighth
,
King
of
England
.
Francis
King
of
France
died
also
,
and
his
Kings
of
France
.
Son
Henry
succeeded
him
.
To
Clement
the
Seventh
succeeded
Paul
The
Council
of
Trent
.
any
considerable
Bus'ness
.
This
Pope
gave
the
Dutchy
of
Parma
,
and
Plaizance
,
to
Lodowick
Farnese
,
one
of
his
Sons
.
From
Christ
1549.
The
Cardinal
d'
Monte
,
under
the
Name
of
Julius
the
Third
,
succeeded
Paul
the
Third
.
The
Emperor
had
weakned
the
Protestant
The
Battle
at
the
pass
of
the
Elb.
Princes
of
Germany
,
by
defeating
their
Army
at
the
passage
of
the
Elb.
Then
they
had
recourse
to
King
Henry
,
A
War
between
the
Emperor
,
and
the
King
.
Metz
,
Toul
,
and
Verdun
,
taken
by
the
King
.
who
in
his
March
to
Germany
,
seized
on
Metz
,
Toul
,
and
Verdun
.
The
Emperor
having
afterwards
besieged
Metz
,
was
forc'd
to
raise
the
Siege
,
by
the
wise
and
couragious
Defence
of
the
Duke
of
Guize
.
From
Christ
1553.
The
young
King
Edward
of
England
being
dead
,
his
Sister
Mary
was
acknowledg'd
The
Siege
of
Metz
raised
.
Affairs
of
England
.
Queen
:
After
that
,
she
beheaded
her
Cousin
the
Lady
Jane
Grey
,
with
her
Husband
the
Lord
Dudley
.
From
Christ
1554.
The
Emperor
Charles
resigned
his
Hereditary
Of
the
Empire
,
and
of
Spain
.
Dominions
to
his
Son
Philip
,
and
Ferdinand
King
of
the
Romans
,
younger
Brother
to
Charles
,
was
acknowledg'd
Emperor
.
Julius
the
Third
died
,
and
Twenty
one
Marcellus
;
Paul
the
Fourth
,
of
the
House
of
Caraffa
,
in
the
Kingdom
of
Naples
,
was
chose
Pope
.
From
Christ
1557.
The
War
being
inflamed
between
the
The
Battle
of
St.
Quintin
.
Kings
of
France
and
Spain
,
Philip
,
in
Person
,
won
the
Battle
of
St.
Quintin
,
of
the
French
,
where
the
Constable
,
and
many
▪
other
Lords
of
Quality
,
were
made
Prisoners
.
The
Duke
of
Guize
,
in
some
manner
,
The
taking
of
Calais
.
repaired
this
Loss
,
in
taking
of
Calais
;
upon
which
Mary
Queen
of
England
died
with
Grief
.
She
had
succeeded
her
Brother
Affairs
of
England
.
Edward
the
Sixth
,
and
having
married
her
near
Kinsman
,
Philip
King
of
Spain
,
she
was
engaged
in
this
War
.
From
Christ
1558.
Elizabeth
,
Daughter
to
Henry
the
Eighth
,
by
Anne
of
Bullen
,
succeeded
her
Sister
Queen
Mary
.
A
Peace
was
made
between
Henry
and
A
Peace
between
France
&
Spain
.
Philip
,
by
the
Marriage
of
Elizabeth
,
with
Philip
,
and
that
of
Margaret
,
Sister
to
Henry
,
with
the
Duke
of
Savoy
.
In
a
Turnament
held
at
Paris
,
in
Honour
of
these
Nuptials
,
the
King
Tilting
against
the
Count
of
Montgomery
,
was
wounded
in
the
Eye
,
by
a
Splinter
of
the
Count's
Lance
;
of
which
he
died
in
a
few
Days
.
He
had
put
to
Death
a
great
Number
of
Hugonets
;
among
others
,
he
condemned
Ann
du
Bourg
,
a
Counsellor
of
the
Parliament
The
Death
of
Bourg
.
of
Paris
,
and
swore
,
that
he
would
see
him
executed
;
but
his
unexpected
Death
prevented
him
.
Yet
some
Days
after
,
Du
Bourg
suffered
Death
with
great
Resolution
,
in
the
Presence
of
the
young
King
,
the
Queen-Mother
,
and
all
the
Court.
Paul
the
Fourth
had
for
his
Successor
,
The
Conspiracy
of
Amboise
was
then
The
Conspiracy
of
Amboise
.
made
against
the
Duke
of
Guize
,
and
the
Cardinal
of
Lorrain
,
to
take
away
the
King
from
their
Custody
,
by
the
Grandees
of
the
Kingdom
,
who
professed
the
Reformed
Religion
;
pretending
,
that
those
two
Princes
kept
the
King
as
Prisoner
.
From
Christ
1560.
In
an
Assembly
held
at
Fountainbleau
,
it
was
there
resolved
to
call
a
National
Council
;
to
prevent
which
,
the
Pope
again
declared
for
that
of
Trent
,
begun
by
Paul
the
The
Council
of
Trent
.
Third
,
continued
by
Julius
the
Third
,
and
broke
off
under
both
Popes
.
In
the
mean
time
,
the
States
of
France
assembled
Affairs
of
France
.
at
Orleans
,
where
the
Prince
of
Conde
was
made
Prisoner
,
and
had
been
put
to
Death
,
but
for
the
sudden
Death
of
the
young
King
Francis
the
Second
.
Charles
the
Ninth
,
his
Brother
,
being
yet
a
Child
,
succeeded
him
,
under
the
Tuition
,
and
Regency
,
of
his
Mother
Catherine
de
Medices
.
From
Christ
1561.
The
Conference
held
at
Poissy
,
between
The
Conference
at
Poissy
.
the
Doctors
of
both
Religions
,
had
no
good
effect
.
The
Affairs
of
France
being
much
embroil'd
on
the
Account
of
Religion
,
the
Guizes
being
Masters
of
the
King's
Person
,
the
Queen-Mother
writ
to
the
Prince
of
Conde
,
to
come
and
set
him
at
liberty
.
This
was
the
true
Cause
of
the
first
taking
up
of
Arms
,
by
those
of
the
Reformed
Religion
in
France
.
From
Christ
1562.
The
Siege
of
Roan
followed
,
which
held
out
for
them
:
Anthony
of
Bourbon
,
who
was
The
Death
of
Anthony
King
of
Navar.
The
Battle
of
Dreux
.
King
of
Navar
,
by
the
Right
of
his
Wife
Jane
d'Albert
,
was
there
killed
.
Soon
after
a
Battle
was
fought
near
Dreux
,
between
the
two
Armies
of
both
Parties
:
The
King's
Army
commanded
by
the
Constable
of
Momor●ncy
;
and
that
of
the
Hugonets
by
Lewis
Prince
of
Conde
,
who
was
there
taken
Prisoner
,
as
was
likewise
the
Constable
,
tho'
at
the
last
the
King
's
proved
victorious
.
Not
long
before
,
some
Conditions
had
been
agreed
on
,
advantageous
enough
to
the
Hugonets
,
which
were
granted
by
a
Decree
called
the
Edict
of
January
,
and
were
again
confirmed
this
Year
,
by
a
Peace
made
after
the
Death
of
the
Duke
of
The
Duke
of
Guize
killed
by
Poltrot
.
Guize
,
killed
by
Poltrot
,
a
Hugonet
Gentleman
,
while
the
Duke
besieged
Orleans
.
From
Christ
1563.
Pius
the
Fourth
put
an
end
to
the
Council
From
Christ
1564.
Maximilian
the
Second
succeeded
in
the
Empire
,
to
his
Father
Ferdinand
the
First
.
From
Christ
1565.
Solyman
the
Second
had
taken
Rhodes
,
from
the
Knights-Hospitallers
,
yet
he
could
not
drive
them
out
of
Malta
,
his
Commanders
having
been
forc'd
to
raise
the
Siege
of
that
Island
.
This
Sultan
died
at
the
The
Death
of
Solyman
.
Siege
of
Sigeth
,
in
Hungary
.
From
Christ
1566.
The
Peace
being
broke
in
France
,
the
The
Battle
▪
at
St.
Denis
Battle
followed
at
St.
Denis
,
near
Paris
,
where
the
Constable
of
Momorency
was
wounded
,
and
died
.
From
Christ
1567.
The
Prince
of
Conde
,
who
commanded
the
contrary
Party
,
acquired
much
Honour
,
on
that
occasion
.
From
Christ
1568.
A
little
while
after
,
the
Peace
being
again
The
Battle
of
Jarna
,
●here
the
Prince
of
Conde
was
kill'd
.
broke
,
there
was
a
Battle
fought
near
Jarna
,
in
Xaintonge
:
The
Prince
of
Conde
,
who
was
there
taken
Prisoner
,
was
killed
in
cold
Blood
,
by
a
Captain
of
the
Duke
of
Anjou's
Guards
.
From
Christ
1569.
The
Admiral
De
Coligni
,
by
the
Prince's
Death
,
became
chief
of
the
Hugonet
Party
;
besieged
Poitiers
,
raised
the
Siege
,
and
lost
the
Battle
near
to
Monconture
,
against
the
The
Battle
of
Monconture
.
Duke
of
Anjou
.
From
Christ
1570.
Selim
took
the
Isle
of
Cyprus
,
which
obliged
the
Pope
to
make
a
League
between
the
King
of
Spain
,
and
the
Venetians
,
against
the
Turks
.
Then
followed
the
Battle
of
Lepanto
,
in
which
the
Turkish
Fleet
was
routed
by
the
The
Battle
of
Lepanto
.
Christians
,
commanded
by
Don
John
of
Austria
,
Natural
Son
to
the
Emperor
Charles
the
Fifth
.
From
Christ
1571.
The
principal
Persons
of
the
Religion
,
were
invited
to
Paris
,
under
pretence
of
Celebrating
the
Nuptials
of
Henry
King
of
The
M●ssacre
of
Paris
Navar
,
with
Margaret
,
Sister
to
the
King
:
Jane
Queen
of
Navar
,
Mother
to
the
Bridegroom
,
was
there
poisoned
,
and
the
Admiral
wounded
,
and
afterwards
killed
,
with
a
great
Number
of
the
Nobility
,
and
above
Ten
thousand
Persons
,
in
the
very
City
of
Paris
,
on
St.
Bartholomew's
Day
.
From
Christ
1572.
The
Duke
of
Anjou
having
,
after
that
,
The
Siege
of
Rochel
raised
.
The
Duke
of
Anjou
King
of
Poland
.
besieged
Rochel
,
was
forc'd
to
retire
,
without
taking
it
,
to
go
and
receive
the
Polonian
Embassadors
,
who
came
to
bring
him
the
News
of
his
being
elected
King
of
that
Country
.
From
Christ
1573.
While
he
was
there
,
his
Brother
Charles
The
Death
of
Charle
▪
IX
the
Ninth
died
,
stifled
with
the
Blood
that
issued
from
all
parts
of
his
Body
.
Amurath
the
Third
,
succeeded
his
Father
;
Emperors
of
the
Turks
,
and
Germany
.
and
Rodolphus
the
Second
,
succeeded
his
Father
Maximilian
the
Second
.
From
Christ
1576.
King
Henry
the
Third
being
returned
King
of
France
.
from
Poland
,
was
compelled
by
the
States
,
assembled
at
Blois
,
to
become
chief
of
the
League
,
that
the
Catholicks
had
made
against
the
Hugonets
.
From
Christ
1577.
Philip
the
Second
,
King
of
Spain
,
seized
The
Death
of
Sebastian
King
of
Portugal
.
on
Portugal
,
after
the
Death
of
their
King
,
Don
Sebastian
,
supposed
to
be
killed
in
Africk
,
where
he
went
to
make
War
,
in
favour
of
a
Moorish
King
,
who
disputed
the
Kingdoms
of
Fez
and
Morocco
,
with
another
.
Henry
the
Third
,
of
France
,
instituted
From
Christ
1582.
Pope
Gregory
the
Thirteenth
reformed
The
Kalendar
reform'd
.
The
Death
of
the
Duke
of
Alenson
the
Kalendar
.
The
Duke
of
Alenson
,
Brother
to
the
King
of
France
,
died
deprived
of
the
Government
of
the
Low
Countries
,
to
which
he
had
been
invited
by
those
People
;
but
he
lost
his
Interest
,
by
his
ill
Conduct
.
From
Christ
1584.
Sixtus
the
Fifth
,
a
Cordelier
,
of
low
Birth
,
but
of
great
Courage
,
Excommunicated
A
B●ll
against
the
King
of
Navar
,
&
Prence
of
Conde
.
Henry
King
of
Navar
,
with
his
Cousin
,
Henry
Prince
of
Conde
,
having
declared
them
to
be
fallen
from
the
Right
of
Succession
to
the
Crown
of
France
.
From
Christ
1585.
Mary
Stuart
,
Queen
of
Scots
,
after
a
The
Death
of
the
Queen
of
Scots
.
long
Imprisonment
,
was
Beheaded
,
by
the
Sentence
of
Judges
appointed
by
Q.
Elizabeth
.
From
Christ
1587.
The
Spanish
Fleet
,
called
,
The
Invincible
It
consisted
of
One
hundred
and
thirty
Sail
,
with
Twenty
thousand
Soldiers
on
Board
;
set
out
by
Philip
the
Second
,
to
invade
England
,
was
part
of
it
destroyed
by
Sir
Francis
Drake's
Fireships
;
and
the
other
part
lost
and
dispers'd
in
a
great
Storm
:
So
that
amazing
Terrour
of
Europe
vanished
.
From
Christ
1588.
France
being
in
a
very
great
Consusion
,
the
King
,
at
length
,
made
an
Agreement
with
the
King
of
Navar
,
to
oppose
the
League
:
But
having
both
together
The
Death
of
Henry
III.
besieged
Paris
,
the
King
was
stabb'd
in
his
Bed-Chamber
,
at
St.
Clou
,
by
James
Clement
,
a
Jacobine
Fryar
.
From
Christ
1589.
Henry
the
Fourth
,
King
of
Navar
,
the
King
of
France
The
Combat
of
Arques
,
and
the
Battle
of
Yuri
.
next
Prince
of
the
Blood
,
succeeded
him
,
with
very
much
difficulty
,
at
his
first
coming
to
the
Crown
:
But
he
soon
gave
great
Reputation
and
Vigour
to
his
Affairs
,
by
the
Combat
of
Arques
,
and
the
Battle
of
Yuri
,
which
he
won
.
From
Christ
1590.
To
Sixtus
the
Fifth
,
succeeded
Urban
the
Florentine
.
From
Christ
1591.
The
Duke
of
Pa●●a
had
made
the
King
,
The
Duke
of
Parma
.
not
long
before
,
to
raise
the
Siege
of
Paris
;
he
forc'd
him
again
to
raise
that
of
Orleans
:
But
the
Duke
was
wounded
,
passing
the
River
of
Sein
,
at
Caudebec
,
and
was
never
well
cured
of
his
Wound
;
being
return'd
to
his
Government
of
the
From
Christ
1592.
King
Henry
the
Fourth
having
made
Profession
of
the
Roman
Catholick
Religion
,
was
received
into
Paris
,
and
in
like
manner
From
Christ
1593.
John
Chastel
,
a
Scholar
of
the
Jesuites
,
wounded
K.
Henry
The
Jesuits
banish'd
.
The
Pope
absolves
the
King
of
France
.
wounded
the
King
in
the
Mouth
;
whereupon
the
Jesuites
were
banish'd
France
.
From
Christ
1594.
The
King
received
Absolution
of
the
Pope
,
and
so
was
acknowledg'd
for
King
by
all
the
Princes
and
States
of
Christendom
.
From
Christ
1595.
He
declared
a
War
against
Spain
,
which
A
War
between
France
&
Spain
.
proved
very
unfortunate
to
France
.
The
Spaniards
surprized
Calais
,
Cambray
,
and
Amiens
.
King
Henry
re-took
the
last
.
Cambray
remained
in
the
Hands
of
the
Spaniards
.
Calais
was
restored
by
the
Peace
;
which
The
Edict
of
Nants
.
was
treated
and
concluded
at
Vervins
,
by
the
Ministers
of
the
two
Kings
,
and
the
Pope's
Legates
.
From
Christ
1598.
The
King
made
an
Edict
,
called
that
of
Nants
;
because
he
signed
it
in
that
City
,
The
Edict
of
Nants
.
to
revive
the
Union
between
his
Subjects
,
that
were
divided
by
their
diversity
of
Religions
.
King
Philip
the
Second
died
of
the
lowsie
Kings
of
Spain
.
Disease
.
He
had
put
to
Death
his
Son
,
Don
Carlos
,
upon
Suspicion
that
he
favoured
the
poor
Protestants
of
the
Low
Countries
,
who
had
thrown
off
their
Allegiance
to
King
Philip
,
because
he
designed
to
introduce
the
Inquisition
.
Nor
were
they
any
longer
able
to
endure
the
barbarous
Cruelties
of
the
Duke
D'
Alva
.
Philip
the
Third
,
succeeded
his
Father
.
From
Christ
1600.
THE
Seventeenth
Age.
HENRY
the
Fourth
,
King
of
France
,
The
Marriage
of
Henry
with
Maria
de
Medices
.
being
Divorc'd
from
Margaret
,
Sister
to
the
three
last
Kings
,
marryed
Mary
de
Medices
,
Neice
to
the
great
Duke
of
Tuscany
.
In
the
first
year
of
this
Age
,
she
was
brought
to
bed
of
a
Dauphin
,
who
was
since
called
Lewis
the
Thirteenth
.
From
Christ
1601.
King
Henry
and
the
Duke
of
Savoy
,
were
The
Affairs
of
France
and
Savoy
.
entered
into
a
War
for
the
Marquisate
of
Saluces
.
A
Peace
was
made
upon
conditions
,
with
an
exchange
of
Bresse
,
and
some
other
Lands
given
up
to
the
King
,
for
the
Marquisate
.
The
Mareschal
Duke
of
Biron
,
convicted
The
Death
of
Byron
.
of
Treason
,
was
beheaded
.
From
Christ
1602.
Charles
Emanuel
,
Duke
of
Savoy
,
attempted
to
take
Geneva
by
scaling
of
it
,
The
scaling
of
Geneva
.
which
Design
concluded
to
his
Disgrace
.
Elizabeth
,
Queen
of
England
,
being
dead
,
in
the
Seventy
one
year
of
her
Age
,
The
Death
of
Queen
Elizabeth
.
having
Reigned
forty
five
Years
;
most
couragiously
asserted
the
Protestant
Religion
,
which
her
Brother
,
Edward
the
Sixth
,
had
reformed
.
She
was
as
highly
qualified
for
War
,
as
for
Peace
:
She
deserved
the
favour
of
Fortune
,
by
her
great
Care
,
and
wise
Conduct
,
in
Governing
.
The
English
received
for
their
King
K.
of
England
.
James
the
Sixth
,
King
of
Scotland
,
the
first
King
of
that
Name
in
England
.
From
Christ
1603.
The
Arch-Duke
Albert
and
Clara
Eugenia
,
Paul
the
Fifth
of
the
Borghese
Family
,
From
Christ
1605.
At
London
was
discovered
the
Powder
The
Gunpowder
Treason
at
London
.
A
Quarrel
between
the
Pope
and
the
Venetians
.
Plot
,
to
blow
up
King
James
,
and
his
Parliament
.
From
Christ
1606.
The
Quarrel
between
the
Pope
and
the
Venetians
,
was
chiefly
made
up
by
the
Mediation
of
King
Henry
.
A
Truce
for
many
years
between
the
Arch-Dukes
and
the
United
Provinces
of
A
peace
with
States
of
Holland
.
the
Low
Countries
.
From
Christ
1609.
King
Henry
the
Fourth
,
preparing
to
make
a
great
War
,
was
killed
by
Ravaillac
.
The
Death
of
Henry
IV.
Lewis
the
Thirteenth
,
his
Son
,
about
the
Age
of
nine
or
ten
years
,
succeeded
him
,
under
the
Regency
of
his
Mother
the
Thirteenth
,
King
.
Maria
de
Medices
.
From
Christ
1610.
Count
Maurice
,
assisted
by
the
French
in
Philip
the
Third
,
King
of
Spain
,
made
King
of
Spain
takes
Alrach
.
himself
Master
of
Alrach
,
a
strong
Castle
,
built
by
the
Moors
,
upon
the
streight
of
Gibralter
.
He
commanded
all
the
Moors
to
depart
Spain
within
three
days
,
under
pain
of
Death
,
having
confiscated
all
their
Estates
,
but
what
Money
and
Goods
they
could
carry
along
with
them
:
And
that
year
Nine
hundred
thousand
was
expelled
,
and
in
the
following
years
not
a
few
.
Certain
Ministers
in
Holland
,
offered
to
Remonstrant
Ministers
,
and
contra
Remonstrants
.
the
States
a
Remonstrance
,
wherein
they
declared
their
opinion
,
concerning
Predestination
;
for
which
reason
they
were
called
Remonstrants
,
and
their
Opposites
contra
Remonstrants
.
The
Muscovite
endeavouring
to
raise
beaten
by
the
Po●es
.
The
Muscovites
burn
Vilna
.
the
Siege
of
Smolensko
,
is
beaten
by
the
Polanders
.
The
Muscovites
in
revenge
,
burn
Vilna
,
where
4700
Houses
were
laid
in
Ashes
.
The
Sophy
of
Persia
having
defeated
the
Turks
near
Babylon
,
sends
an
Ambassador
to
makes
a
League
with
the
Emperor
.
The
Arch-Duke
of
Austria
made
King
of
Bohemia
.
the
Emperor
Rudolphus
,
and
confirms
a
League
between
them
.
Mathias
,
Arch-Duke
of
Austria
,
and
King
of
Hungary
,
was
made
King
of
Bohemia
.
A
Conference
between
six
Remonstrants
at
the
Hague
,
before
the
States
General
,
yet
they
could
not
agree
about
the
Points
in
Controversy
.
The
King
of
Denmark
declares
War
against
Su●den
,
Besieges
C●lmar
on
the
2d
.
of
May
,
and
takes
it
on
the
29th
.
putting
The
King
of
Denmark
declares
War
against
the
Sw●de
.
all
to
the
Sword
,
but
those
who
escap'd
into
the
Castle
.
Smolensko
was
taken
by
the
Poles
:
two
years
after
,
▪
the
Muscovites
not
only
recovered
that
place
,
but
several
other
Cities
of
Lithuania
.
Prince
Henry
created
Prince
of
Wales
.
created
prince
of
Wales
.
From
Christ
1610.
Christiem
,
Elector
of
Saxony
,
died
of
an
Apoplexy
,
and
his
Brother
John
George
succeeded
him
.
The
Elector
of
Saxony's
death
▪
The
King
of
Sweden's
death
.
Charles
King
of
Sweden
,
sinks
under
the
loss
of
Colmar
,
and
died
;
his
Son
Gustavus
succeeded
him
.
From
Christ
1611.
Mathias
,
King
of
Hungary
and
Bohemia
,
married
to
Anna
Arch-Dutchess
of
Austria
.
marryed
with
Anna
,
Arch-Dutchess
of
Austria
.
Margaret
Queen
of
Spain
,
Wife
to
Philip
the
Third
,
died
in
the
27th
year
of
her
Age.
The
Queen
of
Spains
death
.
Frederic
the
Fifth
,
Count
Palatine
of
the
Rhyne
,
married
with
Elizabeth
,
Daughter
to
James
the
First
,
King
of
England
.
the
Fifth
,
married
with
the
princess
Elizabeth
.
John
George
,
the
Son
of
John
George
,
Duke
of
Saxony
,
was
born
.
Rudolphus
the
Emperor
,
having
Reigned
almost
35
years
,
and
having
lived
59
,
The
Emperor
Rodolphus
death
Mathias
King
of
Hungary
,
Emperor
.
died
;
after
whose
death
,
Mathias
,
King
of
Hungary
and
Bohemia
,
was
chosen
.
From
Christ
1612.
The
Danes
in
the
beginning
of
this
year
,
1613.
invaded
Swedeland
:
On
the
other
side
,
the
Swedes
fell
into
Norway
,
and
did
the
Danes
much
damage
:
However
,
the
The
intermarriages
of
Lewls
XIII
.
with
Anna
of
Austria
,
and
of
Philip
prince
of
Spain
,
with
Elizabeth
,
Sister
to
Lewis
XIII
.
Danes
took
Elsburg
,
and
Gotzberg
by
surrender
;
but
going
to
make
a
further
Progress
,
the
King
of
Denmark's
Army
was
so
oppress'd
with
the
Plague
and
Famine
,
that
the
Swedes
recovered
most
of
their
Losses
.
Great
Rejoycings
and
publick
Carouzels
were
at
Paris
,
for
the
intermarriages
of
Lewis
the
Thirteenth
,
with
Anna
of
Austria
,
Daughter
of
Philip
the
Third
,
King
of
Spain
:
And
of
Philip
,
Prince
of
Spain
,
with
Elizabeth
,
Sister
to
Lewis
the
Thirteenth
.
makes
a
League
with
Achmet
.
The
Death
▪
of
prince
Henry
.
A
peace
between
Sweden
and
Denmark
.
The
States
of
Holland
make
a
League
with
Achmet
,
Emperor
of
the
Turks
,
▪
by
his
Ambassador
he
sent
to
the
Hague
.
Henry
Prince
of
Wales
,
the
eldest
Son
of
James
the
First
,
King
of
Great
Britain
,
died
in
the
Eighteenth
year
of
his
Age.
From
Christ
1612.
A
Peace
between
Sweden
and
Denmark
;
and
Colmar
restored
to
the
Swedes
.
Gabriel
Bathor
,
Prince
of
Transilvania
,
The
prince
of
Transilvania
beaten
by
Bethlem
Gabor
.
beaten
by
Bethlem
Gabor
,
assisted
by
the
Turks
,
was
killed
by
his
own
Subjects
.
From
Christ
1613.
The
Prince
of
Conde
,
with
some
other
Princes
joining
with
him
,
took
Arms
against
The
prince
of
Conde
opposes
the
Queen
Regent
,
but
is
made
friends
by
〈…〉
m
of
M
〈…〉
.
the
Queen
Regent
of
France
,
in
order
to
put
her
from
the
Administration
of
the
Government
,
pretending
,
that
the
Mareschal
d'
Ancre
was
too
great
in
Authority
with
her
;
but
the
Queen
pacifyed
them
with
Money
.
William
Wolfang
,
Prince
of
Neuburg
,
Son-in-Law
The
Princ●
of
Newburg
turn●
Papist
.
to
the
Duke
of
Bavaria
,
abdicated
the
Reformed
Religion
,
and
embraced
the
Romish
.
The
States
of
Holland
made
an
Edict
,
to
The
Edict
of
Holland
refused
by
the
Contra-Remonstrants
▪
reconcile
the
Remonstrants
,
and
Contra-Remonstrants
;
to
which
the
Remonstrants
obey'd
,
but
most
of
the
Contra-Remonstrants
refused
to
submit
to
it
.
Frederic
the
Fifth
,
having
compleated
the
Fifth
,
returns
to
his
Electorate
.
Frederic
Henry
born
.
his
Marriage
with
the
Princess
Elizabeth
,
Daughter
of
the
King
of
England
,
returned
to
his
Electorate
.
From
Christ
1613.
Frederic
Henry
,
Son
of
Frederic
the
Fifth
,
and
of
Elizabeth
,
was
born
.
From
Christ
1614.
Muscovie
,
long
wasted
by
the
Poles
and
chose
Great
Duke
of
Muscovy
▪
Lewis
th●
Thirteenth
▪
married
o●
Burdeau●
▪
Swedes
;
the
Nobility
made
choice
of
Fedrowitz
for
their
great
Duke
.
Lewis
the
Thirteenth
,
going
to
marry
Adna
Maria
Mauritia
at
Burdeaux
,
invites
the
Prince
of
Conde
to
go
along
with
him
,
because
it
would
be
pernicious
to
the
King
and
Kingdom
.
The
States
of
France
,
according
to
the
Promise
which
the
Queen
Regent
had
made
to
the
Prince
of
Conde
,
are
summoned
,
and
met
at
Paris
,
where
it
was
unanimously
resolved
,
that
the
King
under
no
pretence
,
could
be
put
to
death
by
his
Subjects
.
Whether
the
Power
of
the
King
was
immediately
subject
to
God
?
Whether
he
might
be
excommunicated
by
the
Pope
,
or
dispossessed
of
his
Crown
,
by
reason
of
the
Dissent
of
the
Clergy
?
And
the
third
Order
was
left
undetermined
.
The
Jews
by
reason
of
their
usurious
The
Prince
of
Conde
defeated
at
St.
Maxents
,
The
Prince
of
Conde
beaten
.
by
the
King's
Forces
.
From
Christ
1615.
A
Peace
concluded
between
the
Spaniard
A
Peace
between
the
Spaniard
and
the
Duke
of
Savoy
.
and
the
Duke
of
Savoy
.
Flushing
,
the
Brill
,
with
the
Fort
of
Rammekens
,
which
were
made
Pledges
to
Queen
Elizabeth
,
restored
by
King
James
the
First
,
for
Thirty
three
hundred
thousand
Florins
.
The
Prince
of
Conde
having
made
his
Peace
with
the
King
,
and
living
secure
at
Paris
,
upon
the
King's
Word
,
is
unexpectedly
committed
to
Prison
,
and
there
detained
above
three
years
:
upon
which
,
the
Mareschal
D'Ancre
his
Palace
,
was
plundered
by
the
Populacy
.
The
Turks
beaten
at
Sea
by
the
Spaniards
beaten
at
Sea
and
at
Land
.
in
the
Mediterranean
,
by
the
Cossacks
in
the
Lake
Maeotis
,
and
at
Land
in
Asia
by
the
Persians
;
where
,
partly
by
the
Sword
,
and
by
the
Pestilence
,
they
lost
above
Forty
thousand
Men.
From
Christ
1616.
Lewis
the
Thirteenth
,
by
the
Advice
of
the
Count
de
Luynes
,
caused
the
Mareschal
D'
Ancre
,
who
there
bore
the
greatest
The
Mareschal
D'
Ancre
pu●
to
Death
at
Courts
.
sway
to
be
put
to
Death
;
which
was
done
by
Vitry
,
Captain
of
the
Guards
,
at
the
entrance
into
the
Court
;
after
which
,
being
presently
buryed
in
the
next
Church
,
his
Body
was
,
the
day
after
,
taken
up
again
,
and
drawn
by
the
Rabble
thro'
the
Streets
of
Paris
.
His
Widow
,
under
pretence
of
being
a
Witch
,
and
addicted
to
the
Jewish
Ceremonies
,
was
condemned
to
death
by
the
Parliament
of
Paris
.
Achmet
,
the
Emperor
of
the
Turks
,
being
dead
,
Mustapha
was
set
up
in
his
place
:
but
being
found
unfit
to
Govern
,
died
,
and
Osman
made
Emperor
of
the
Turks
.
was
the
next
year
dethroned
:
And
Osman
,
the
Son
of
Achmet
,
about
eleven
years
of
Age
,
was
made
Emperor
.
This
being
the
hundredth
Year
from
the
Reformation
,
first
begun
by
Luther
,
was
kept
as
a
year
of
Jubilee
,
by
the
Protestants
The
Tartars
provok'd
by
the
frequent
Incursions
of
the
Cossacks
,
invade
Podolia
;
burnt
four
Cities
with
four
hundred
Villages
,
and
carryed
away
a
vast
number
of
People
and
Cattel
.
Prince
Charles
created
Prince
of
Wales
:
prince
of
Wales
.
With
the
Differences
about
Religion
,
that
turmoil'd
Holland
;
a
political
Controversy
intermix'd
it self
,
who
should
have
the
Supream
Administration
of
the
Government
:
Whether
the
several
Orders
of
each
Province
,
in
their
several
Jurisdictions
,
or
the
States
General
over
all
the
Provinces
?
The
States
General
thereto
,
asserted
this
Authority
to
themselves
,
and
proposed
the
calling
of
a
National
Synod
at
Dort
;
Holland
,
Overysell
and
Utrecht
,
only
assenting
:
and
Prince
Maurice
,
to
obtain
takes
upon
him
the
Administration
of
Holland
.
the
consent
of
those
three
Provinces
,
removed
the
Magistrates
of
Nimegen
,
and
Utrecht
,
from
their
Places
;
as
also
,
in
most
other
Cities
of
Holland
,
and
placed
in
their
rooms
,
such
as
he
thought
most
addicted
to
his
Party
.
Moreover
,
he
imprisoned
John
ab
Olden
Barnevelt
,
Advocate
of
Holland
.
Rumold
Hogerbet
,
Syndic
of
Leyden
,
Hugo
Grotius
,
Syndic
of
Rotterdam
,
and
Giles
Ledemberg
,
Secretary
of
Utrecht
.
And
now
all
Obstacles
being
removed
,
a
National
Synod
was
held
at
Dort
,
whither
resorted
English
,
Palatine
,
Switzers
,
with
other
Divines
;
and
there
the
Opinion
of
the
Remonstrants
was
condemned
:
but
they
refused
to
stand
to
the
judgment
of
that
Synod
.
And
thence
arose
a
new
Schism
among
the
Protestants
.
A
dreadful
Comet
began
to
appear
;
the
Queen
Ann
of
England
died
.
From
Christ
The
City
of
Pleurs
in
Rhaetia
,
ruined
by
the
fall
of
a
Mountain
tumbling
upon
it
,
when
1500
people
were
buryed
in
the
Ruines
.
The
Destruction
of
the
Spanish
Army
Army
destroy●d
by
the
Venetians
.
sent
against
the
Venetians
.
Tumults
in
Bohemia
,
by
reason
that
some
of
the
Evangelick
Nobility
were
offended
,
that
their
Grievances
were
slighted
by
the
Emperor's
Counsellors
;
upon
An
Insurrection
in
Bohemia
.
which
,
they
entered
the
Council
Chamber
,
and
threw
three
of
the
Counsellors
out
of
a
Window
,
thirty
yards
high
,
into
the
Castle-Yard
;
by
which
fall
,
however
none
of
them
got
any
harm
.
At
Venice
was
discovered
a
Conspiracy
of
certain
Ruffians
,
who
proposed
to
themselves
,
A
Conspiracy
at
Venice
discovered
.
to
break
into
the
Senate-House
,
kill
the
Senators
,
burn
the
Arsenal
,
throw
down
the
Bridges
,
and
to
lay
waste
the
whole
City
:
but
most
of
them
were
taken
,
and
all
who
did
not
make
their
escapes
,
were
punish'd
according
to
their
Deserts
.
In
this
year
,
died
Cardinal
Peronne
.
The
Death
of
Cardinal
Peronne
.
A
great
Fight
between
the
Turks
and
the
Persians
,
where
the
Turks
lost
Fourty
thousand
Men
,
and
the
Persians
Nine
thousand
:
But
,
tho'
the
Persians
got
the
Victory
,
A
Fight
between
the
Turks
and
the
persians
.
yet
having
lost
so
many
Men
,
they
offered
the
Turks
Peace
,
with
an
Anual
Tribute
of
Silk
,
which
the
Turks
willingly
accepted
.
From
Christ
1618.
John
Barenevelt
,
condemned
to
death
s
death
.
by
the
States
General
under
pretence
,
that
he
had
disturbed
the
Peace
,
and
Order
of
the
Republick
:
but
on
the
Scaffold
,
he
publickly
protested
,
that
he
died
for
defending
the
Liberty
of
his
Country
.
Hogerbet
and
Grotius
were
condemned
to
perpetual
imprisonment
;
but
Grotius
made
his
Escape
about
a
year
after
,
and
fled
to
Paris
,
where
he
printed
his
Apology
,
for
those
who
presided
over
Holland
,
in
the
year
1618.
a
Work
very
worthy
to
be
read
.
In
March
,
Mathias
the
Emperor
died
;
The
Emperor
Mathias
'
s
death
.
in
whose
room
sometime
after
,
was
elected
Ferdinand
the
Second
his
Son
,
King
of
Bohemia
.
Sir
Walter
Rawleigh
Beheaded
.
The
Administrators
of
the
Kingdom
of
Bohemia
,
upon
the
Abdication
of
Ferdinand
,
Crowned
at
prague
.
made
choice
of
Frederic
,
the
Elector
Palatin
,
for
their
King
,
who
was
Crowned
at
Prague
.
A
new
Order
of
Knighthood
,
instituted
at
Vienna
,
by
certain
Catholick
Princes
,
as
Saxon
Lawenburgh
,
and
others
,
who
took
an
Oath
to
prosecute
all
Infidels
,
and
to
defend
the
Catholick
Religion
;
having
for
their
Badges
a
Cross
,
with
the
Effigies
of
the
Holy
Virgin
,
which
they
wore
on
their
Cloaks
.
Bucquoy
having
utterly
defeated
Mansfeild
,
did
over-run
Bohemia
.
Prince
Charles
of
Spain
,
Crowned
King
The
prince
of
Spain
,
King
of
portugal
.
of
Portugal
.
The
Prince
of
Conde
released
from
his
The
Prince
of
Conde
released
.
Imprisonment
,
returned
to
Paris
,
and
:
was
congratulated
by
the
Peers
,
and
Princes
of
Franee
.
Ann
,
Queen
of
England
,
died
.
From
Death
.
ARebellion
against
the
Emperor
.
Christ
1619.
The
Bohemians
,
Austrians
,
and
Hungarians
,
rebel
against
the
Emperor
.
A
great
Battle
fought
between
the
Imperialists
,
and
Frederic
the
Palatins
Army
,
Army
beaten
by
the
Imperialists
.
where
the
Impe●●lists
proved
Victors
;
Frederic
fled
,
and
the
next
year
took
Refuge
in
Holland
,
where
he
spent
the
remainder
of
his
days
with
his
Queen
and
Children
:
so
Bohemia
with
the
adjoining
Provinces
,
returned
to
the
Obedience
of
the
Emperor
.
Spinola
with
a
numerous
Army
,
entered
entered
the
Palatinate
the
Palatinate
,
and
in
a
short
time
,
took
many
Towns
.
The
Civil
War
against
the
Protestants
,
The
Civil
War
in
France
.
began
in
France
.
The
Inhabitants
of
Bearn
refusing
to
obey
the
King's
Edict
;
by
which
,
they
were
commanded
to
quit
all
Ecclesiastical
Livings
,
and
to
restore
them
to
the
Popish
Bishops
;
for
the
King
going
thither
,
constrained
them
to
yield
Obedience
,
and
gave
the
Cities
,
which
the
Protestants
held
to
be
kept
by
the
Catholicks
.
The
Polanders
with
an
Army
of
Ninety
beaten
by
the
Turks
.
thousand
Men
,
invading
Walachia
,
were
all
cut
off
by
the
Turks
,
except
a
few
,
who
made
their
escape
;
and
the
great
Chancellor
of
the
Crowns
Head
,
was
carried
to
Constantinople
.
Sigismund
the
Third
,
King
of
Poland
,
The
King
of
Poland
wounded
.
wounded
by
a
Ruffian
;
who
being
taken
,
was
torn
with
Horses
,
his
Members
burnt
,
and
his
Ashes
thrown
into
the
Air.
Gustavus
Adolphus
,
King
of
Sweden
,
married
marriage
with
the
Daughter
of
Brandenburgh
.
with
Mary
Elenora
,
the
Daughter
of
John
Sigismund
,
Elector
of
Brandenburgh
.
From
Christ
1620.
Frederic
the
Elector
Palatine
was
proscribed
by
the
Emperor
.
A
West-India
Company
first
erected
by
Company
erected
by
the
States
of
Holland
.
the
United
Provinces
;
to
which
the
States
granted
the
same
Priviledges
as
to
the
East-India
Society
.
A
General
Assembly
of
the
Protestants
from
all
parts
of
France
,
held
at
Rochel
,
rebel
,
and
are
beaten
by
the
King
of
France
.
where
they
resolved
to
take
up
Arms
in
their
own
Defence
,
against
the
Religion
which
their
Enemies
profess'd
.
Whereupon
the
King
undertook
an
Expedition
against
them
.
At
which
time
,
Mornay
du
Plessis
delivered
up
Saumurs
to
him
,
of
his
own
accord
.
Afterwards
the
King
besieged
the
City
of
St.
Angelo
,
and
forc'd
it
to
a
Surrender
;
and
then
took
above
sixty
other
Towns
in
Xantoign
and
Gascony
,
part
by
force
,
part
by
fear
;
but
he
could
not
get
Montauban
,
which
he
besieged
in
Autumne
,
where
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
was
killed
by
a
Musket-Shot
in
the
Head
:
which
News
coming
to
Paris
,
the
Rabble
Gustavus
,
King
of
Sweden
,
took
Riga
,
King
of
Sweden
takes
Riga
.
the
Metropolis
of
Livonia
.
The
Truce
for
twelve
years
,
between
Philip
of
Spain
,
and
the
States
General
,
being
expired
,
the
Arch-Duke
Albert
desired
earnestly
to
have
it
expired
,
but
the
States
absolutely
refused
it
.
Paul
the
Fifth
,
departed
this
Life
in
the
Sixty
ninth
year
of
his
Age
;
and
Gregory
Philip
the
Third
;
departed
this
Life
in
The
Death
of
Philip
the
Third
.
the
Forty
third
year
of
his
Age
;
his
Son
Philip
the
Fourth
,
succeeded
him
.
Albert
,
Arch-Duke
of
Austria
,
Governour
The
Death
of
the
Arch-Duke
of
Austria
.
of
the
Low-Countries
,
died
in
July
;
and
in
September
following
,
died
Cardinal
Bellarmine
.
From
Christ
1621.
The
Death
of
Cardinal
Bellarmin
.
Heydelbergh
for
some
time
,
besieged
by
Tilly
the
Imperial
General
,
was
at
length
by
him
taken
by
Storm
,
and
given
up
to
the
plunder
of
the
Soldiers
,
who
exercised
taken
by
Storm
.
all
manner
of
Cruelties
upon
the
Inhabitants
;
the
Library
,
which
wa●
stored
with
most
choice
and
excellent
B
〈…〉
s
,
was
removed
,
part
of
them
to
Munick
,
and
part
to
Rome
.
A
Peace
concluded
in
France
,
with
the
Protestants
at
Montpellier
,
but
not
lasting
.
Christian
,
Duke
of
Brunswick
,
invaded
The
Duke
of
Brunswick
took
Westphalia
.
Westphalia
,
and
carried
away
a
vast
Treasure
out
of
the
Cathedral
of
Paderburne
,
with
the
image
of
St.
Liberius
,
their
Patron
,
all
of
massy
Silver
.
Osman
,
the
Son
of
Ac
〈…〉
et
,
Emperor
strangled
,
and
Mustapha
Emperor
.
of
the
Turks
,
was
strangled
,
and
Mustapha
advanced
in
his
room
,
whom
Osman
before
had
imprisoned
.
From
Christ
1622.
Maximillian
,
Duke
of
Bavaria
,
was
created
Elector
of
the
Empire
,
in
the
room
of
the
Palatine
Frederic
,
and
the
Dignity
granted
to
his
Heirs
.
Frederic
with
his
Heirs
,
being
removed
from
that
Title
,
for
making
War
against
the
Emperor
.
King
James
entered
into
a
War
for
made
Wa●
with
the
Emperor
about
the
Palatinate
the
recovery
of
the
Palatinate
.
Frankendale
having
been
a
long
time
besieged
,
surrendred
to
the
Spaniards
.
Spinola
,
who
a
little
before
had
taken
Breda
from
the
Hollanders
,
was
forced
to
rise
from
before
Bergen
ap
Zome
,
upon
Mansfeild's
march
to
its
Relief
.
Gregory
the
Fifteenth
died
,
and
Urban
the
Eighth
,
a
Florentine
,
elected
to
succeed
.
Charles
,
the
Son
of
James
the
First
,
takes
a
Voyage
into
Spain
thro'
France
.
King
of
Great
Britain
,
Prince
of
Wales
,
travel
〈…〉
hro'
France
into
Spain
,
and
arriving
safe
at
Madrid
,
on
the
17th
of
March
,
and
staying
there
till
the
9th
of
September
,
returned
to
London
on
the
16th
of
October
.
From
Christ
1622.
Peace
between
his
Holiness
and
the
A
peace
between
the
Pope
and
the
King
of
Spain
.
King
of
Spain
;
upon
condition
of
Restoring
the
Valtolin
to
his
Holiness
.
Christian
Duke
of
Brunswick
defeated
by
Tilly
,
and
several
great
Persons
taken
prisoners
.
Mustapha
Emperor
of
the
Turks
,
who
resigned
up
the
Empire
of
the
Turks
.
Amurath
made
Emperor
.
was
the
last
year
in
the
room
of
his
Nephew
Osman
,
freely
Abdicated
the
Empire
,
and
Resign'd
it
to
Amurath
the
Brother
of
Osman
,
a
Youth
of
16
years
of
Age.
Others
say
,
that
having
Reign'd
a
Year
after
the
Death
of
Osman
,
he
was
shut
up
in
Prison
.
1623.
Armandus
Plessy
Richelieu
,
first
Bishop
of
Cardinal
de
Richelieu
his
Administration
.
Lusson
,
then
made
a
Cardinal
,
obtained
the
Supream
Administration
of
France
,
under
Lewis
the
XIII
,
who
gave
up
all
things
to
his
Management
:
In
which
Office
,
some
things
he
did
Honourably
for
his
Reputation
,
other
things
tyrannically
,
and
cruelly
.
The
Jesuits
,
with
other
Popish
Orders
,
Henrietta
Maria
,
the
French
King's
Sister
,
crowded
into
England
,
within
a
short
time
after
are
commanded
to
depart
the
Kingdom
.
On
the
other
side
,
the
Protestant
Ministers
Mininisters
and
their
Religion
proscribed
by
the
●mperor
.
are
proscribed
out
of
Austria
,
Bohemia
,
and
Moravia
,
by
the
Emperor's
Edict
,
and
all
the
Exercise
of
the
Reformed
Religion
forbidden
within
his
Territories
.
The
Tartars
designing
an
Irruption
into
Poland
,
with
fourty
thousand
Men
,
were
over-thrown
by
the
Poles
.
stoutly
repulsed
,
and
received
a
very
great
Overthrow
.
Marc
Antonio
de
Dominis
Archbishop
of
The
Archb.
of
Spalato
chang'd
his
Religion
.
Spalato
,
came
into
England
,
and
pretended
to
change
his
Religion
,
was
kindly
entertain'd
by
King
James
the
First
.
But
he
not
thinking
the
Preferment
the
King
gave
him
sufficient
,
return'd
this
Year
to
Rome
,
where
he
made
his
Recantation
;
but
notwithstanding
that
he
was
clapt
up
in
the
the
Castle
of
St.
Angelo
,
where
he
died
this
Year
,
and
his
Body
being
burnt
for
his
Apostacy
,
his
Ashes
were
thrown
into
the
River
Tibers
A
terrible
Battle
was
fought
between
beaten
by
the
Tartars
.
the
Turks
,
and
the
Tartars
,
where
the
Turks
were
overthrown
,
with
an
extraordinary
slaughter
.
Urban
the
Eighth
,
with
the
usual
Procession
The
Year
of
Jubilee
.
opened
the
Sacred
Gate
,
in
St.
Peter's
Church
,
and
began
the
Year
of
Jubilee
1624.
James
the
First
,
King
of
Great
Britain
,
The
Death
of
King
James
the
First
.
departed
this
Life
,
the
66.
year
of
his
Age
;
to
whom
succeeded
Charles
the
First
his
Son
.
Maurice
,
Prince
of
Orange
,
Governour
The
Death
of
Maurice
prince
of
Orange
of
the
United
Provinces
,
died
in
the
58.
year
of
his
Age
:
to
whom
succeeded
in
the
Government
his
Brother
Frederic
Henry
,
by
the
Election
of
the
States
.
A
great
Plague
in
London
,
whereof
died
A
gr
〈…〉
plag●●
in
London
.
thirty
thousand
four
hundred
and
seventeen
.
Gustavus
Adolphus
King
of
Sweden
,
came
The
King
of
Sweden
took
Riga
,
with
a
Fleet
to
Riga
,
and
made
himself
Master
of
several
Cities
of
Livonia
,
possess'd
by
the
Polanders
.
Breda
,
which
Prince
Maurice
had
won
by
a
Stratagem
from
the
Spaniards
,
is
by
them
again
recovered
.
A
War
between
the
Emperor
,
and
the
retaken
by
the
Spaniards
.
King
of
Denmark
,
with
various
Success
.
A
Confederacy
between
the
King
of
England
,
Sweden
,
and
Denmark
,
with
the
A
War
between
the
Emperour
,
and
the
K.
of
Denmark
.
States
General
of
the
United
Provinces
for
fifteen
years
,
to
carry
on
the
War
against
the
King
of
Spain
;
against
whom
also
the
King
of
England
declared
War
by
Sea
and
Land
.
A
Confeder
.
against
Spain
.
Charles
the
1.
Married
.
Charles
the
First
of
England
,
married
to
Henrietta
Maria
,
Daughter
to
Henry
the
Fourth
King
of
France
.
The
Bores
in
Austria
took
up
Arms
,
in
order
take
up
Arms.
to
recover
the
free
Exercise
of
their
Religion
taken
from
them
:
And
made
themselves
Master
of
some
Places
by
force
of
Arms
:
But
the
next
year
were
subdued
,
and
severely
punisht
.
The
Persians
gave
a
total
defeat
to
the
defeated
by
the
Turks
.
The
Danes
beaten
by
the
Imperialists
.
Turks
near
Babylon
,
so
that
very
few
escapt
.
The
King
of
Denmark
defeated
in
a
great
Battle
by
the
Imperialists
,
wherein
all
his
Foot
was
cut
off
,
and
lost
the
greatest
part
of
his
Cavalry
.
The
King
of
Sweden
made
an
Expedition
The
K.
of
Sweden'
s
Expedition
into
Prussia
.
into
Prussia
,
and
landing
at
Pillaw
,
made
himself
Master
of
Braunsberg
,
Traunsburg
,
Marienberg
;
and
reduc'd
all
the
neighbouring
Country
under
his
Subjection
.
From
Christ
1625.
The
Emperor
by
an
Edict
commanded
The
Emperor
banisht
all
the
Protestants
out
of
Germany
.
all
the
Inhabitants
of
the
Kingdom
of
Bohemia
,
not
excepting
any
Degree
,
that
refused
to
embrace
the
Catholick
Religion
,
to
depart
the
Kingdom
in
a
certain
time
.
A
most
terrible
Earthquake
shook
all
An
Earthquake
at
Apulia
.
Apulia
,
and
swallowed
up
whole
Towns
,
Villages
,
Castles
,
Woods
,
together
with
about
twenty
thousand
People
.
The
English
called
by
the
Rochellers
to
assist
assist
the
Rochellers
.
them
,
landed
in
the
Isle
of
Ree
,
under
the
Command
of
the
Duke
of
Buckingham
,
who
was
expell'd
from
thence
,
with
a
great
Slaughter
.
The
King
of
France
closely
besieged
Rochelle●
The
King
of
France
besieged
Rechel
,
and
stopt
up
the
Arbour
.
and
made
a
great
Mount
of
vast
Stones
in
the
Sea
,
to
hinder
Relief
from
coming
to
the
City
.
Frederic
Henry
Prince
of
Orange
,
General
for
the
Hollanders
,
compelled
Groll
to
surrender
.
The
prince
of
,
Orange
takes
Groll
The
Imperialists
pursuing
the
Danish
Army
,
possest
themselves
of
the
greatest
part
of
Holsatia
,
and
Jutland
.
From
Christ
1626.
Rochelle
prest
by
Famine
,
was
compell'd
surrendred
to
the
French
.
to
surrender
to
the
King
of
France
,
after
above
12
thousand
Men
had
been
starv'd
to
death
;
all
the
Walls
and
places
of
Defence
being
demolisht
.
The
King
of
Sweden
granted
free
Liberty
The
K.
of
Sweden
,
admits
the
protestants
Liberty
.
to
the
German
Exiles
,
who
fled
for
Religion
,
or
were
compell'd
from
their
Calamities
of
War
,
to
live
with
all
Security
,
and
the
free
Exercise
of
their
Religion
in
his
Kingdom
.
The
Death
of
Sir
Francis
Bacon
.
Sir
Francis
Bacon
,
Viscount
of
St.
Albans
died
.
The
King
of
Denmark
possest
himself
of
the
Island
of
Usdom
,
the
Fortress
of
Phinmund
,
and
Wolgast
;
but
was
beaten
out
again
by
the
Imperialists
,
under
the
Duke
of
Fredland
.
The
Cham
of
Tartary
,
being
expelled
his
recovered
his
Kingdom
.
Kindom
by
his
Brother
,
assisted
by
the
Turks
;
to
revenge
his
loss
,
by
the
help
of
the
Cossaks
,
defeated
his
Brother
in
Battle
,
and
recover'd
his
Kingdom
.
The
Admiral
of
the
Dutch
Fleet
,
met
with
Admiral
took
the
Spanish
West
India
Fleet.
Prince
of
Orange
takes
Boisleduc
.
the
Spanish
West
India
Fleet
,
and
took
it
,
to
the
value
of
three
hundred
Tuns
of
Gold
.
From
Christ
1628.
The
Prince
of
Orange
,
having
taken
before
Boisleduc
at
the
beginning
of
May
,
took
it
by
surrender
in
September
following
.
A
Peace
concluded
at
Lubeck
,
between
A
Peace
between
the
Emperor
and
the
Danes
.
the
Emperor
,
and
the
King
of
Denmark
,
upon
equal
Conditions
.
The
Duke
of
Buckingham
basely
murdered
by
Felton
,
a
discontented
Officer
.
The
Duke
of
Buckingham
kill'd
Rochelle
surrendered
,
and
called
Borgo
Maria.
The
King
of
Sweden
relieved
Stralsond
,
From
Christ
1629.
Gustuvus
Adolphus
enter'd
Pomerania
▪
The
Duke
of
Savoy
deny'd
the
French
to
The
Duke
of
Savoy
denied
the
French
passage
thro
his
territory
.
Magdeburg
taken
by
Tilly.
pass
thro
his
Country
;
upon
which
Cardinal
Richelieu
made
himself
Master
of
Pignerol
,
and
of
the
Marquisate
of
Saluc●s
.
A
Peace
concluded
with
France
.
Magdeburg
stormed
by
Tilly
,
the
Imperial
General
,
plunder'd
and
burnt
;
so
that
of
so
great
a
City
very
few
Houses
were
left
standing
entire
.
Gustavus
Adolphus
having
made
a
League
his
great
Success
in
Germany
with
the
Elector
of
Saxony
,
in
September
vanquisht
the
Imperialists
in
a
great
Battle
.
From
that
time
all
things
succeeded
with
him
to
his
desire
:
so
that
he
made
himself
Master
of
several
Cities
,
and
Provinces
of
the
German
Empire
.
King
Charles
the
First
his
second
Son
the
Second
born
.
born
,
at
whose
Birth
a
Remarkable
Star
appear'd
at
Noon-day
.
From
Christ
1630.
The
King
of
England
made
a
Peace
with
made
a
peace
with
Spain
.
Troubles
in
France
.
Spain
,
which
was
proclaim'd
.
The
Court
of
France
in
great
confusion
while
the
Queen
Mother
went
about
to
shut
up
the
King
,
her
Eldest
Son
,
in
a
Monastery
,
and
to
set
up
her
Youngest
Son
in
his
Room
:
for
which
the
King
having
his
Liberty
,
the
Queen
made
her
escape
to
Antwerp
,
and
the
Duke
of
Orleans
▪
flies
into
Burgundy
and
Lorain
,
throwing
all
the
Blame
upon
Richelieu
.
The
Princess
Mary
born
,
eldest
Daughter
The
Princess
Mary
.
born
.
to
King
Charles
the
First
.
The
famous
School
at
Amsterdam
erected
;
in
which
the
first
Professors
were
,
John
Vossius
and
Jasper
Barlaeus
.
Maestrick
,
after
a
Siege
of
two
months
taken
by
the
prince
of
Orange
and
two
weeks
,
surrendred
to
the
Prince
of
Orange
.
A
great
Battel
at
Lutzen
,
was
fought
between
the
Swedes
and
the
Imperialists
,
Battel
of
Lutzen
,
where
Gustavus
was
killed
.
where
the
Swedes
got
the
Victory
;
but
the
King
Gustavus
was
there
killed
.
To
whom
Christina
his
Daughter
,
an
Infant
,
succeeded
.
In
the
mean
time
,
during
her
Minority
,
his
Daughter
succeeded
.
the
Nobles
of
the
Kingdom
took
upon
them
the
Administration
of
Affairs
.
Sigismund
the
Third
,
King
of
Poland
,
Death
of
the
K.
of
Poland
.
died
;
to
whom
succeeded
his
eldest
Son
,
Uladislaus
the
Fourth
.
The
King
of
France
made
himself
Master
of
Nancy
,
the
Metropolis
of
Lorrain
.
From
Christ
1632.
Izabella
Clara
Eugenia
,
Daughter
to
Philip
the
Third
,
King
of
Spain
,
and
Governess
of
the
Low
Countries
departed
this
Life
.
Frederic
the
Elector
Palatin
,
who
reigned
Death
of
the
Elector
Palatin
.
K.
Charles
I.
crowned
in
Scotland
.
James
D.
of
York
born
but
a
short
time
King
of
Bohemia
,
died
at
Mayence
.
King
Charles
the
First
crowned
in
Scotland
.
The
Third
Son
of
King
Charles
the
First
,
born
Octeb●r
the
Thirteenth
,
and
baptized
James
,
afterwards
created
Duke
The
Dispute
began
of
England's
Right
to
the
Soveraignty
of
the
British
Seas
,
and
defended
by
the
learned
Selden
,
against
Hugo
Grotius
.
The
Prince
of
Orange
besieged
and
took
〈◊〉
of
Orange
took
Rhynebergh
.
Rhynebergh
.
From
Christ
1633.
Wallestin
,
Duke
of
Fridland
,
and
General
of
the
Imperial
Army
,
stabb'd
at
Egra
,
by
the
Emperor's
command
;
being
discovered
to
have
a
Design
to
join
with
the
killed
at
Egra
.
Swedes
,
and
to
have
made
himself
Master
of
the
Kingdom
of
Bohemia
.
Ferdinand
the
Cardinal
,
Brother
to
the
Governour
of
the
Netherlands
.
King
of
Spain
,
took
upon
him
the
Government
of
the
Low
Countries
.
The
Cardinal
Infanta
,
joins
with
the
King
of
Hungary
,
and
fights
the
Battel
of
beaten
by
Cardinal
Infanta
.
of
Norlinghen
,
where
the
Swedes
were
utterly
defeated
.
From
Christ
1634.
The
King
of
France
declared
War
against
the
King
of
Spain
,
because
he
detained
declared
War
agst
.
Spain
.
in
Prison
the
Elector
of
Treves
,
whom
he
had
taken
into
his
Protection
.
The
Fortress
of
Skinken
Skonce
,
which
taken
by
the
Spaniards
,
&
retaken
by
the
P.
of
Orange
.
is
as
it
were
,
the
Key
of
Holland
,
taken
by
the
Spaniards
;
but
in
a
little
time
after
,
besieged
by
the
Prince
of
Orange
,
was
took
about
the
beginning
of
the
following
Spring
.
This
year
and
the
next
,
a
dreadful
Pestilence
raged
in
Holland
,
and
in
the
Neighbouring
The
plague
in
Holland
.
places
,
which
swept
away
a
world
of
people
.
The
Imperialists
with
Eighty
thousand
The
Imperialists
invade
France
.
Men
under
the
Duke
of
Lorrain
,
and
other
Imperial
Commanders
,
threaten
to
invade
France
,
and
to
encamp
about
Masieres
,
and
Rambervillers
;
but
being
opposed
by
the
French
,
in
conjunction
with
Saxon
Weymar
,
are
forced
to
return
,
without
acting
any
thing
considerable
.
A
Battel
between
the
Turks
and
the
Persians
,
beaten
by
the
Turks
.
wherein
Ninety
thousand
of
the
Turks
,
and
Twenty
thousand
of
the
Persians
,
fell
;
yet
the
Turks
being
more
numerous
,
became
Victors
.
The
Princess
Elizabeth
born
,
second
The
princess
Elizabeth
born
.
Daughter
to
King
Charles
the
First
.
From
Christ
1635.
A
Peace
renewed
between
the
Emperor
The
Elector
of
Saxony
d●s●rted
the
Swedes
and
the
Elector
of
Saxony
,
at
Prague
;
so
the
Elector
deserted
the
Swedes
,
and
the
rest
of
the
Confederate
Princes
.
About
this
time
the
Tartars
,
who
harassed
The
Imperialists
received
a
great
overthrow
The
Imperialists
routed
by
th●
Swedes
near
Wistock
in
Germany
,
being
routed
from
their
Camp
,
with
the
loss
of
all
their
Baggage
and
Canon
,
by
General
Bannier
,
General
of
the
Swedes
.
In
Transilvania
,
Stephen
the
Brother
,
and
Peter
,
the
Son
of
Bethlem
Gabor
,
endeavoured
to
make
themselves
Masters
of
that
Principality
,
with
the
Assistance
of
the
Turks
,
but
were
defeated
by
Ragotsky
,
assisted
by
the
Emperor
.
Ferdinand
,
King
of
Hungary
,
elected
K.
of
the
Romans
.
Breda
took
by
the
prince
of
Orange
from
the
Spaniards
King
of
the
Romans
.
From
Christ
1636.
The
Prince
of
Orange
,
after
a
Siege
of
about
three
months
,
recovers
Breda
from
the
Spaniards
.
The
Liturgy
first
read
at
Edinburgh
,
occasioned
a
great
Tumult
.
Bernard
,
Duke
of
Saxon
Weymar
,
having
a
long
time
besieged
Brisac
,
a
strong
City
upon
the
Rhyne
,
compelled
it
at
length
to
surrender
for
want
of
Provision
;
yet
the
Duke
of
Lorrain
and
Lamboy
,
both
attempted
to
relieve
it
.
From
Christ
1637.
The
Count
Pallatin
assisted
by
the
English
,
raised
Forces
,
and
possess'd
himself
of
Meppen
in
Westphalia
,
but
was
defeated
by
Count
Hatfieild
,
and
his
Brother
,
Prince
Rupert
,
taken
Prisoner
.
Maria
de
Medicis
,
Queen
Mother
,
arrived
Queen
Mother
of
France
arrived
in
England
.
in
England
.
The
French
besieged
St.
Omers
,
but
all
in
vain
:
But
the
Duke
of
Longeville
defeated
the
Duke
of
Lorrain
in
Burgundy
;
and
at
the
same
time
,
the
Prince
of
Conde
was
repulsed
from
the
Siege
of
Fontatabie
.
A
Sea-Fight
in
the
Downes
,
between
the
Dutch
and
the
Spaniards
,
where
Trump
,
the
A
Sea
Fight
between
the
Dutch
&
the
Spaniard
.
Dutch
Admiral
,
tho'
inferior
in
number
to
the
Enemy
,
did
beat
the
Spanish
Fleet
;
of
which
he
burnt
one
part
,
and
took
others
,
so
that
very
few
returned
back
into
Spain
.
Ferdinand
the
Second
,
Emperor
,
died
of
a
The
Death
of
Ferdinand
II.
Dropsy
;
in
whose
room
not
long
after
,
was
elected
his
Son
Ferdinand
the
Third
.
General
Bannier
defeated
the
Imperialists
General
d●feated
the
Imperialists
.
Another
Sea
Fight
between
the
Dutch
and
the
Spaniard
near
Kemnitz
in
Saxony
,
and
persued
Furstemberg
into
Bohemia
.
Another
Sea-Fight
between
the
Dutch
and
the
Spaniards
side
,
wherein
of
50
Sail
on
the
Spaniards
side
,
not
twenty
escap'd
.
The
King
of
England
Armed
against
the
Scots
,
by
Sea
and
Land
,
and
sent
over
for
the
Lord
Deputy
of
Ireland
.
The
Turks
take
Babylon
,
after
they
had
cut
off
40
thousand
of
the
Persian
Horse
.
From
Christ
1639.
Amūrath
,
the
Emperor
of
the
Turks
,
The
death
of
Amurath
.
Ibrahim
succeeded
.
Civil
Dissentions
in
Scotland
.
The
Imp●rialists
defeated
.
died
in
the
23d
.
year
of
his
Age
,
to
whom
Ibrahim
the
First
his
Brother
,
succeeded
.
Civil
Dissentions
first
began
in
Scotland
,
occasioned
by
the
Scots
refusing
to
admit
the
Liturgy
of
England
.
General
Bannier
obtained
a
great
Victory
over
the
Imperialists
,
near
Homburg
in
Hassia
.
A
terrible
Earthquake
felt
over
all
the
An
Earthquake
in
Flanders
.
Low
Countries
,
and
parts
adjoining
.
A
Parliament
began
in
England
,
and
dissolved
,
and
several
of
the
Members
imprisoned
.
Charles
the
First
,
his
fourth
Son
born
;
Duke
of
Glocester
born
.
baptized
Henry
,
and
created
Duke
of
Glocester
.
King
Charles
sets
up
his
Standard
at
York
〈…〉
in
England
.
The
long
Parliament
began
in
November
.
The
Earl
of
Stafford
impeach'd
of
High-Treason
;
The
Earl
of
Stafford's
and
Arch-Bishop
Laud
'
s
●mp●ach●n
.
of
High-Treason
.
Ferdinand
Cardinal
Infanta
,
died
.
and
the
Arch-Bishop
Laud
impeach'd
of
High-Treason
:
after
which
,
the
Bishops
Votes
in
Parliament
taken
away
.
From
Christ
1640.
Ferdinand
,
the
Cardinal
Infanta
of
Spain
,
and
Governour
of
the
Low
Countries
,
died
at
Brussels
.
The
Duke
of
Soissons
,
assisted
by
the
Imperialists
,
and
relying
on
the
Friendship
of
the
Duke
of
Bouillon
,
who
was
then
possess'd
of
S●dan
,
threatned
to
break
into
France
:
The
King
bends
all
his
Forces
The
Duke
of
Soissons
kill●d
.
against
them
,
so
that
after
a
dubious
Fight
,
wherein
Soissons
was
slain
,
the
Attemp●
was
given
over
.
〈…〉
the
P.
of
Orange
.
The
Princess
Mary
,
Daughter
to
Charles
the
First
,
was
married
to
William
of
Nassaw
,
Prince
of
Orange
,
at
Whitehall
.
The
Earl
of
Strafford
beheaded
;
and
the
The
Earl
of
Stafford
beheaded
.
Irish
Rebellion
broke
out
,
where
were
twenty
thousand
Persons
barbarously
murdered
.
Rebellion
broke
out
.
K.
Charles
l●ft
London
▪
and
went
to
York
.
King
Charles
the
First
left
the
City
of
London
,
and
went
to
York
.
From
Christ
1641.
Maria
de
Medicis
,
Queen
Dowager
of
Henry
the
Fourth
,
King
of
France
;
and
Mother
of
Lewis
the
Thirteenth
,
died
at
The
death
of
Maria
de
Medicis
,
Queen
Dowager
▪
of
France
.
Collogn
in
great
poverty
.
Not
long
after
,
Cardinal
Richlieu
died
at
Paris
in
the
sixty
sixth
year
of
his
Age.
Saxon
Waymer
and
Eberstein
,
gave
Lamboy
,
defeated
by
Saxon
Weymar
,
and
Eberstein
.
Tortenson
did
beat
the
Imperialists
,
and
took
Lipseich
.
the
Imperial
General
,
a
total
Defeat
.
Tortenson
,
the
Swedish
General
,
gave
the
Imperialists
another
Defeat
near
Leipsich
,
and
after
that
took
Leipsich
by
surrender
.
The
French
prosper
in
Catalonia
,
defeated
the
Spaniards
,
and
took
Cosibre
,
but
are
beaten
by
the
Spaniards
near
Cotelet
in
Picardy
,
and
lost
La
Basse
on
the
confines
of
Artois
.
Sir
John
Hotham
denied
King
Charles
the
First
his
Entrance
into
Hull
.
The
Earl
Civil
Wars
in
England
.
of
Essex
made
General
of
the
Parliaments
Forces
,
while
the
King
did
set
up
his
Standard
at
Nottingham
.
Edge-Hill
Fight
,
where
the
Earl
of
Lindsey
,
the
King's
General
,
was
slain
.
The
Queen
of
England
left
Holland
,
and
Landed
at
Burlington
in
Yorkshire
.
From
Christ
1642.
Lewis
the
Thirteenth
,
King
of
France
,
The
Death
of
Lewis
XIII
.
K.
of
France
.
departed
this
Life
,
leaving
▪
Lewis
the
Fourteenth
,
to
succeed
him
,
an
Infant
of
five
years
of
Age.
During
whose
Minority
,
Ann
of
Austria
is
appointed
Queen
Regent
,
while
Cardinal
Julio
Mazarini
,
an
Italian
,
obtained
the
same
power
at
Court
,
which
Richlieu
had
before
.
The
Prince
of
Conde
won
the
famous
The
Battel
of
Rocroy
.
A
War
between
the
Duke
of
Parma
and
the
Pope
.
Battel
of
Rocroy
.
A
War
between
the
Duke
of
Parma
and
the
Pope
,
who
was
beaten
by
the
Florentines
.
Cheapside-Cross
demolish'd
,
and
the
solemn
Leage
and
Covenant
taken
by
the
The
City
of
Glocester
▪
besieged
by
the
King
;
and
the
Siege
raised
by
the
Earl
of
Essex
.
After
which
,
hapned
the
first
Newberry
Fight
,
where
were
slain
on
the
The
Civil
War
of
England
.
King's
side
,
the
Earls
of
Carnarvan
and
Sunderland
,
with
the
Lord
Faulkland
.
The
Queen
of
England
delivered
at
Oxford
,
of
the
Lady
Catharine
,
who
died
soon
after
.
The
Scots
came
into
England
to
assist
the
Parliament
.
From
Christ
1643.
The
Emperor's
Ambassadors
,
as
also
the
Ambassadors
from
Spain
,
France
,
Swedeland
,
Holland
,
and
others
met
at
Munster
in
Westphalia
,
to
treat
of
Peace
.
Urban
the
Eighth
,
departed
this
life
in
the
77th
year
of
his
Age
,
after
he
had
held
Baptista
Pamphilio
,
in
his
70th
year
,
who
gave
himself
the
Name
of
Innocent
the
Tenth
.
The
French
after
a
long
fatigous
Siege
,
Christina
,
Queen
of
Sweden
,
took
the
Government
of
the
Kingdom
into
her
The
Queen
of
Sweden
Reigned
.
own
hands
.
The
Queen
began
her
Journey
from
Oxford
to
the
West
,
took
her
leave
of
the
King
of
Abbington
.
The
Queen
brought
to
bed
of
the
Princess
The
Princess
Henrietta
born
Henrietta
at
Exeter
.
Marston-Moor
Fight
between
the
King
and
Parliament
,
where
Cromwell
first
made
himself
known
.
After
which
,
happened
Civil
War
of
England
.
the
second
Fight
at
Newberry
,
both
unsuccessful
to
the
King
.
Arch-Bishop
Laud
Beheaded
.
The
Queen
arrived
at
Brest
in
Britany
.
Sir
Thomas
Fairfax
made
General
by
the
Parliament
,
and
received
his
Commission
The
Treaty
at
Uxbridge
,
for
a
Reconciliation
between
the
King
and
Parliament
,
broke
up
without
effect
.
From
Christ
1644.
The
Emperor
sinding
his
Forces
very
much
diminishing
,
raise
a
newd
Army
,
and
The
Imperialistt
beaten
by
the
Swedes
Ordered
,
publick
Supplications
to
the
Virgin
Mary
,
whose
Image
he
had
redeemed
out
of
the
hands
of
the
Swedes
:
But
notwithstanding
all
this
,
meeting
Fortstenson
,
the
Swedish
General
,
near
Janowitz
in
Bohemia
,
he
suffered
so
great
an
overthrow
,
that
Vienna
seemed
to
be
in
great
Danger
.
In
the
mean
time
,
General
Wrangel
,
as
General
defeated
the
Danish
General
.
terribly
oppressed
the
Danes
,
and
deprived
them
of
several
Towns
,
after
he
had
utterly
defeated
Buckwald
the
Danish
General
.
Besides
these
Successes
,
the
Swedes
assisted
by
the
French
at
Allersheim
,
obtained
another
great
Victory
over
the
Imperialists
,
and
drove
the
Bavarians
beyond
the
Rhyne
.
In
this
year
was
fought
the
fatal
Battel
Civil
War
of
England
of
Naseby
,
near
Leicester
:
After
which
,
Fairfax
carried
all
before
him
for
the
Parliament
.
From
Christ
1645.
In
the
Low
Countries
,
the
French
took
Mardyke
,
Winnoxberg
,
Courtray
,
Dunkirk
,
with
other
places
,
but
not
long
after
lost
all
again
.
King
Charles
the
First
,
left
Oxford
in
Disguise
,
and
went
to
the
Scotish
Army
,
who
carried
him
to
Newcastle
;
and
there
upon
the
payment
of
two
hundred
thousand
pounds
,
delivered
his
Majesty
up
to
the
Parliament
,
who
ordered
the
King
to
be
brought
under
Custody
to
Holmby-House
.
The
Great
Seal
of
England
broken
,
and
defaced
.
Prince
of
Orange
,
aged
63
years
,
died
The
Death
of
the
P.
of
Orange
.
of
a
Feaver
;
to
whom
his
Son
William
succeeded
as
well
in
his
Principality
,
as
in
his
Dignity
;
according
to
the
Conceffion
of
the
States
,
made
in
the
year
1631.
From
Christ
1646.
Arch
Duke
of
Austria
made
Governour
of
Flanders
.
Leopold
William
,
Arch-Duke
of
Austria
,
made
Governour
of
the
Low
Countries
,
by
the
King
of
Spain
.
The
Neopolitan
Populacy
,
headed
by
Thomaso
Masinello
,
a
poor
Fisherman
,
made
a
great
Insurrection
in
that
City
,
but
were
The
Death
of
Mazinello
.
quelled
at
length
,
and
their
Leader
killed
in
a
Monastery
.
Fairfax
marched
with
his
Army
thro'
the
City
of
London
;
and
soon
after
,
the
Forts
and
Outworks
were
slighted
.
The
Parliament
voted
no
further
Addresses
to
be
made
to
the
King
.
King
Charles
escap'd
from
Hampton-Court
,
into
the
Isle
of
Wight
,
but
was
kept
Prisoner
by
Collonel
Hammond
in
Carisbrook-Castle
.
From
Christ
1647.
A
Peace
concluded
between
the
Emperor
on
one
side
,
and
the
Kings
of
France
and
Sweden
on
the
other
▪
also
between
the
King
of
Spain
,
and
the
States
of
Holland
.
Lewis
,
the
Son
of
Frederic
the
Palatin
,
was
restored
to
the
lower
Palatin
,
and
made
the
eighth
Elector
of
the
Empire
.
The
upper
Palatinate
continued
in
the
possession
of
the
Duke
of
Bavaria
.
Christian
the
Fifth
,
King
of
Denmark
,
departed
a
prisoner
in
the
Isle
of
Wight
.
this
Life
,
to
whom
his
Son
,
Frederic
the
Fifth
,
before
that
Bishop
of
Breme
succeeded
.
Uladislaus
,
King
of
Poland
,
died
;
to
The
Death
of
the
K.
of
Denmark
.
whom
his
Brother
Cazimir
succeeded
;
whose
Reign
was
extreamly
shaken
by
the
The
Death
of
the
K.
of
Poland
.
Philip
IV.
married
Maria
Anna
of
Spain
.
Seditions
of
the
Cossacks
.
On
the
other
side
,
Philip
the
Fourth
,
of
Spain
,
married
with
Maria
Anna
of
Austria
.
The
Treaty
between
King
Charles
the
First
,
and
the
long
Parliament
,
broke
off
;
and
the
King
brought
Prisoner
to
St.
James's
;
sentenced
to
death
by
that
bold
The
Death
of
King
Charles
the
First
.
D.
Hamilton
.
the
E.
of
Holland
and
Lord
Capel
beheaded
.
Traytor
Bradsh●w
,
and
most
barbarously
Murthered
before
his
own
Pallace
.
King
Charles
the
Second
,
began
his
Reign
from
that
day
.
Duke
Hamilton
,
the
Earl
of
Holland
,
and
the
Lord
Capel
,
beheaded
in
the
Palace-Yard
before
Westminster-Hall
.
The
Kingly
Office
,
voted
unnecessary
and
troublesom
.
King
Charles
the
Second
,
proclaimed
in
proclaim'd
in
Scotland
.
Civil
War
in
France
.
Scotland
.
From
Christ
1648.
A
great
Discord
arising
between
the
King
of
France
,
and
the
Parliament
of
Paris
,
by
reason
of
Cardinal
Mazarine's
Government
.
Paris
besieged
by
the
King
;
but
in
a
little
time
after
these
Troubles
were
compos'd
,
tho
but
for
a
short
time
,
and
Paris
sustain'd
the
loss
of
a
second
siege
.
The
Venetians
burnt
the
Turks
Fleet.
beat
the
Turks
in
a
Sea
fight
.
In
the
Port
of
Foggia
,
seventy
two
Gallies
,
eighteen
Men
of
War
,
sixty
Ships
of
Burthen
,
and
six
thousand
Men
,
with
a
Basha
slain
.
The
Christians
losing
but
ninety
Men
killed
,
and
forty
wounded
.
Cromwell
made
General
of
the
Parliament's
Army
,
marched
into
Scotland
.
From
Christ
1649.
Towards
the
end
of
July
,
William
Prince
of
Orange
attempted
to
make
himself
Master
of
Amsterdam
by
Surprise
,
but
fail'd
of
Success
:
Not
long
after
he
died
of
the
The
death
of
the
Pr.
of
Orange
Small-pox
,
and
his
Son
William
Henry
was
born
eight
days
after
his
Decease
.
Descartes
,
the
Founder
of
a
new
kind
of
The
Princes
of
Conde
,
and
Conti
,
with
The
princes
of
Conti
,
&c.
made
prisoners
.
the
Duke
of
Longueville
,
committed
to
the
Castle
of
Bois
de
Vincennes
,
by
the
Queen
Mother
,
and
Cardinal
Mazarin
.
The
Spaniards
sold
the
Dutchy
of
Pontremoly
,
sold
to
the
Duke
of
Florence
.
to
the
Duke
of
Florence
,
for
a
hundred
thousand
Crowns
.
From
Christ
1650.
The
Earl
of
Montross
defeated
,
took
prisoner
,
and
brought
to
Edingburgh
,
and
The
Earl
of
Montross
beheaded
.
there
beheaded
.
The
Scots
routed
by
Cromwell
at
Dunbar
.
Charles
the
Second
Crowned
at
Skone
in
Scotland
.
The
Pope
ordained
a
Jubilee
.
the
III.
married
the
princess
.
Elionora
:
Popes
.
Ferdinand
the
Third
,
Emperor
of
Germany
,
married
the
Princess
Elionora
,
of
the
House
of
Mantua
,
at
Newstadt
.
From
Christ
1651.
Innocent
the
Third
,
endeavouring
to
break
the
Peace
concluded
at
Osnabrug
,
because
there
was
too
much
Liberty
granted
to
the
Protestants
,
died
in
the
Attempt
.
Maximillian
,
Elector
of
Bavaria
,
departed
The
death
of
the
Elector
of
Bavaria
.
Conde
,
&c.
set
at
Liberty
:
Cardinal
Mazarin
le●
.
France
this
Life
in
the
88
year
of
his
Age.
In
France
,
by
the
Decree
of
the
Parliament
of
Paris
,
the
three
Princes
of
the
Blood
,
Conde
,
Conti
,
with
the
Duke
of
Longueville
,
were
set
at
liberty
;
and
Cardinal
Mazarin
within
fifteen
days
to
depart
the
Kingdom
.
In
the
mean
time
Lewis
the
XIV
.
entring
on
the
fourteenth
year
of
his
Age
,
was
declar'd
Major
.
An
Assembly
of
the
States
of
Holland
at
the
Hague
,
did
consult
about
confirming
their
Union
,
and
preserving
their
Form
of
Government
for
the
future
,
the
Prince
of
Orange
being
dead
.
Charles
the
Second
marched
into
England
the
II.
enter'd
Engl.
with
an
Army
.
with
an
Army
of
Scots
,
and
came
as
far
as
Worcester
,
and
was
there
defeated
by
Cromwell
:
But
made
his
Escape
,
and
in
a
short
time
after
got
safe
into
France
.
The
King
of
Poland
did
overthrow
the
The
King
of
Poland
defeated
the
Tartars
.
Cossacks
and
Tartars
,
in
a
great
Battle
,
that
continued
for
three
days
.
There
were
killed
twenty
thousand
,
and
amongst
them
a
Greek
Patriarch
,
sent
on
purpose
from
Constantinople
,
to
animate
the
Cossacks
in
that
Battle
.
Troubles
in
France
,
by
reason
of
Cardinal
Mazarin's
Return
into
the
Kingdom
.
But
Mazarin
having
the
young
King
,
and
recalled
to
France
.
the
Queen
Mother
on
his
side
,
prevailed
.
From
Christ
1652.
A
fight
in
the
Downes
,
between
the
Sea
Fight
between
the
English
&
Dutch.
English
and
the
Dutch.
Another
great
fight
also
between
the
Dutch
and
the
English
,
neare
to
the
Isle
of
Wight
and
Portland
,
where
the
Dutch
were
beaten
.
In
a
most
solemn
Assembly
at
Ratisbone
,
the
Fourth
Crowned
King
of
the
Romons
.
C●omwell
m●de
Prot
〈…〉
.
Ferdinand
the
Fourth
,
Son
of
Ferdinand
the
Third
,
was
Chosen
and
Crowned
King
of
the
Romans
.
The
Speaker
,
and
most
of
the
Members
of
Parliament
,
surrendered
up
the
Power
to
Cromwell
,
who
took
upon
him
the
Title
of
Protector
.
The
D●k●
o●
Lorrain
●ad●
pri
〈…〉
Th.
K.
of
Fr●●ce
Cr●●ned
.
Charles
Duke
of
Lorraine
,
was
kept
a
prisoner
in
the
Castle
of
Antwerp
.
L●wis
the
XIV
.
King
of
France
,
entering
upon
the
seventeenth
year
of
his
Age
,
was
most
solemnly
Crowned
at
Rheims
.
In
Sweden
,
Queen
Christina
resign'd
up
resiged
up
her
Crown
.
her
Kingdom
to
Charles
Gustavus
,
her
Nephew
,
who
enter'd
Upsalia
,
and
was
there
Crowned
.
The
Queen
after
this
changed
her
Religion
;
She
turned
Papist
.
left
her
Country
,
and
spent
the
remainder
of
her
days
at
Rome
.
The
Great
Duke
of
Muscovy
invaded
The
Duke
of
Muscovy
took
Smolensko
.
Poland
,
and
took
the
City
of
Smolensko
.
But
the
King
of
Poland
,
having
got
a
considerable
Army
of
Cossacks
,
took
that
City
from
the
Russians
,
and
drove
them
out
of
his
Kingdom
.
From
Christ
1654.
Peace
concluded
with
the
Hollanders
;
A
peace
with
Holland
,
and
Pen'
s
Expedition
to
the
West
Indies
.
and
a
Fleet
under
the
Command
of
Sir
William
Penn
,
sent
by
Cromwell
to
the
West
Indies
.
Don
Pantaleon
Sa
,
Brother
to
the
Portugal
Embassador
,
beheaded
on
Towerhill
.
In
Sweden
,
the
Chancellor
Oxensterne
,
a
The
death
of
the
Chancel
.
of
Sweden
.
Popes
.
Person
of
great
Wisdom
,
and
famous
for
his
Administration
,
died
aged
71.
years
.
At
Rome
,
in
the
place
of
Innocent
the
X.
Fabius
Chigi
,
by
the
College
of
Cardinals
,
was
chose
Pope
,
under
the
Name
of
Alexander
the
VII
.
The
Duke
of
Savoy
,
being
incensed
by
The
persecution
in
Piedmont
the
Jesuits
against
those
of
Piedmont
,
by
reason
of
their
dissenting
from
the
Romish
Religion
,
spared
neither
Sex
nor
Age
,
but
slaughtered
seven
thousand
of
them
.
The
English
Fleet
took
the
Island
of
Jamaica
The
Learned
Dr.
Usher
,
Archbishop
of
The
death
of
Doctor
Usher
,
&
of
Gassendus
.
Cracovia
taken
by
Swedes
.
Armach
,
and
Primate
of
Ireland
,
died
:
As
also
Peter
Gassendus
,
a
famous
Philosopher
at
Paris
.
From
Christ
1655.
A
great
Battle
was
fought
between
the
the
Polanders
and
the
Swedes
,
where
the
Swedes
being
Victors
,
took
Cracovia
,
and
Thorne
.
John
IV.
King
of
Portugal
died
,
and
left
The
death
of
the
K.
of
Portugal
.
his
Kingdom
not
well
settled
to
his
Eldest
Son
,
an
Infant
.
A
terrible
Pestilence
raged
in
Holland
,
Aplaguo
in
Holland
.
and
in
the
Neighbouring
Provinces
,
which
swept
away
thousands
of
People
.
At
Dresden
,
John
George
,
the
famous
Elector
The
death
of
the
Elector
of
Saxony
.
of
Saxony
,
Prince
of
the
Empire
died
,
and
left
his
Eldest
Son
his
Successor
John
George
.
Sindercomb
,
one
of
Cromwell's
Life-guard
,
being
sentenced
to
die
,
for
plotting
his
Death
,
poyson'd
himself
in
the
Tower
of
of
London
.
From
Christ
1656.
Ragotsky
,
Prince
of
Transilvania
,
fell
into
Poland
,
by
an
Agreement
made
with
the
King
of
Sweden
,
but
was
beaten
back
by
the
Polish
Generals
.
The
French
King
made
a
League
with
A
League
between
the
French
&
Cromwell
Mardike
delivered
up
to
the
English
.
Cromwell
,
upon
which
Mardike
having
been
taken
by
the
French
,
was
surrendred
up
to
the
English
.
The
Danes
declared
War
against
Sweden
,
upon
which
the
King
of
Sweden
left
Poland
to
oppose
the
Danes
.
The
King
of
Sweden
,
having
marched
besieged
by
the
Swedes
.
his
Army
over
the
Ice
,
possest
himself
of
the
Island
of
Fuenen
,
and
besieged
Copenhagen
.
The
Emperor
Ferdinand
the
III.
died
,
in
From
Christ
1657.
Dunkirk
taken
by
the
English
.
The
Great
Usurper
Cromwell
died
of
a
The
death
of
Cromwell
.
Malignant
Feaver
,
at
Whitehall
.
His
Son
Richard
was
proclaimed
Protector
.
From
Christ
1658.
The
Dutch
in
the
East
Indies
beat
the
Portugals
,
and
turned
them
out
of
Ceylon
.
The
Pyrenean
Peace
was
concluded
:
And
The
Marriage
of
Lewis
the
XIV
.
Civil
War
in
England
:
the
King
of
Spain's
Eldest
Daughter
was
married
to
Lewis
the
XIV
.
King
of
France
.
Richard
Cromwell's
Party
deserting
him
,
he
consented
to
dissolve
his
Parliament
;
after
which
he
himself
was
lay'd
aside
.
Lambert
advanced
with
his
Forces
against
Sir
George
Booth
,
and
routed
him
.
He
turn'd
out
the
Rump
Parliament
;
but
General
Monk
signified
his
Dislike
of
the
Army's
Proceedings
,
and
advanced
out
of
Scotland
into
England
,
and
declared
for
a
Free
Parliament
.
The
Secluded
Members
were
restored
,
and
Long
Parliament
dissolved
,
and
another
called
at
Westminster
.
From
Christ
1659.
A
peace
between
Sweden
,
and
Poland
,
and
with
the
Danes
.
A
Peace
was
solemnly
concluded
between
the
Swedes
,
and
the
Polcnians
:
And
at
the
same
time
a
Peace
was
made
between
the
Danes
and
the
Swedes
.
In
France
,
after
the
Pyrenean
Peace
was
made
,
the
Royal
Bride
Maria
Teresa
,
Daughter
to
the
King
of
Spain
,
was
received
in
in
very
great
State
.
The
New
Parliament
met
,
and
voted
the
arriv●●
in
England
.
Return
of
King
Charles
the
Second
:
He
was
accordingly
Proclaimed
,
and
landed
in
England
,
and
made
his
publick
Entry
thro
London
.
General
Monk
,
created
Duke
of
Albemarle
,
and
made
Knight
of
the
Garter
.
The
Princess
of
Orange
came
into
England
,
〈◊〉
de●●h
of
th●
Pr●●
Orange
And
Duke
of
Gloucester
.
but
died
soon
after
.
Henry
Duke
of
Gloucester
died
.
Cardinal
Mazarin
removed
by
Death
.
This
year
was
concluded
the
famous
Peace
of
Oliva
,
between
the
Emperor
,
the
Swedes
,
the
Polanders
,
and
the
Elector
of
Brandenburg
.
From
Christ
1660.
The
Dolphin
of
France
was
born
upon
b●rn
K.
Charles
II.
crown'd
Q
〈…〉
of
Bohemia
came
to
England
.
All
Saints
Day
,
and
Christned
Lewis
.
The
Magnificent
Cavalcade
of
King
Charles
the
Second
from
the
Tower
of
London
to
his
Palace
at
Whitehall
;
the
next
day
after
he
was
Crowned
at
Westminster
.
Elizabeth
Queen
of
Bohemia
came
into
England
.
The
Marquess
of
Argile
beheaded
at
Edinburg
.
James
Duke
of
Ormond
,
made
Lord
Leiftenant
of
Ireland
.
The
Queen
of
Bohemia
died
.
From
Christ
Qu.
of
Boh●mia
〈…〉
.
1661.
Dun
〈…〉
sold
to
the
Fren●●
King
,
for
five
The
Duke
of
Crequi
,
the
French
Embaisador
affronted
at
Rome
,
by
the
Corsi
,
for
which
the
King
of
France
demanded
Satisfaction
,
and
had
it
.
King
Charles
the
Second
,
and
Donna
Catharina
II.
married
to
the
Infanta
of
Portugal
.
Infanta
of
Portugal
married
at
Portsmouth
.
The
Emperor
celebrated
his
Nuptials
with
Margaretta
of
Spain
.
The
Emperor
married
to
Margaretta
of
Spain
.
The
Vaudois
most
cruelly
persecuted
for
their
Religion
in
Savoy
,
relieved
by
the
Hollanders
.
The
French
made
themselves
Masters
of
The
Turks
destroy'd
Hungary
,
and
Moravia
;
surrendred
to
the
Turks
.
and
after
a
long
Siege
took
Newhausel
by
surrender
.
From
Christ
1663.
Count
Serini
destroy'd
the
Bridge
of
Essek
,
but
in
the
midst
of
his
Victory
,
a
Peace
on
a
sudden
was
concluded
with
the
Turks
,
which
very
much
incens'd
the
Hungarians
.
From
Christ
1664.
The
Edict
against
the
Jansenists
by
the
Parliament
of
Paris
,
confirmed
by
the
King
:
But
the
Infallibility
of
the
Pope
,
and
his
Authority
over
Councels
,
the
Sorbonists
would
not
allow
.
Philip
the
Fourth
King
of
Spain
died
;
The
death
of
the
King
of
Spain
.
and
his
Son
,
an
Infant
of
four
years
old
,
succeeded
him
,
by
the
Name
of
Charles
the
Second
;
upon
which
,
the
King
of
France
lay'd
claim
to
the
Spanish
Netherlands
,
which
occasioned
a
bloody
War
.
The
King
of
England
,
upon
refusal
of
Satisfaction
demanded
for
several
Injuries
,
declared
War
against
the
Dutch.
A
Sea
fight
between
the
English
and
the
The
K.
of
England
declared
a
War
against
the
Dutch.
Dutch
,
where
the
Dutch
lost
several
Men
of
War
,
and
Admiral
Opdam
with
his
Ship
was
blown
up
,
where
six
thousand
of
the
Dutch
were
kill'd
;
and
two
thousand
brought
prisoners
to
Colchester
.
A
great
Plague
in
London
,
of
which
A
plague
in
London
.
there
died
seventy
thousand
five
hundred
;
upon
which
the
Court
,
and
the
Parliament
removed
to
Oxford
,
and
the
Terms
were
kept
there
.
The
Arabs
,
with
a
great
Insurrection
took
Mecca
;
at
which
time
a
false
Prophet
coming
from
Smirna
,
deluded
the
Jews
with
a
vain
Expectation
of
their
Messias
,
but
being
put
in
prison
,
he
turned
Mahumetan
.
From
Christ
1665.
Alphonso
,
King
of
Portugal
,
married
Mary
The
King
of
Portugals
Marriage
with
the
Dutchess
of
Aumale
.
Francis
Dutchess
of
Aumale
,
of
the
House
Savoy
.
This
year
,
on
the
second
of
September
,
began
the
great
Fire
of
London
,
which
burnt
in
the
space
of
four
days
the
greatest
part
of
that
City
.
A
terrible
Engagement
between
the
The
Fire
of
London
.
Dutch
and
the
English
,
under
the
Command
of
Prince
Rupert
,
and
the
Duke
of
Albemarle
,
which
prov'd
doubtful
for
3
days
;
but
at
last
the
Dutch
were
chased
by
the
English
.
However
not
long
after
,
the
same
Admirals
obtain'd
undoubted
Victory
against
all
the
Dutch
Fleet
,
which
they
pursued
into
their
Harbours
.
The
Parliament
made
an
Act
for
the
Rebuilding
of
London
,
which
was
past
by
the
King
.
From
Christ
1666.
The
King
of
France
invaded
Flanders
,
invaded
by
the
French
because
the
Spaniard
deny'd
him
his
Claim
of
Succession
by
right
of
Devolution
,
as
they
called
it
,
and
the
Spaniard
not
being
prepared
for
War
,
lost
many
Cities
.
A
War
declared
against
the
King
of
Denmark
.
A
Peace
concluded
at
Breda
,
between
the
English
and
Dutch
;
whereby
the
differences
betwixt
the
French
and
English
were
likewise
terminated
.
Pope
Alexander
the
Seventh
died
,
and
Julio
Rospigliosi
,
having
taken
the
Name
of
Clement
the
Ninth
,
succeeded
.
A
Peace
concluded
between
Spain
,
and
Portugal
,
by
the
Mediation
of
the
Earl
of
Sandwich
,
the
King
of
England's
Extraordinary
Embassador
.
From
Christ
1667.
The
French
made
themselves
Masters
of
The
French
took
Burgundy
.
The
Dauphin
of
France
Baptized
.
all
Burgundy
.
The
Dauphin
of
France
was
solemnly
Baptized
,
by
the
Name
of
Lewis
of
All
Saints
.
The
Pope
begged
of
the
French
King
,
that
the
Obeliske
set
up
in
Disgrace
against
the
Corsi
,
who
affronted
the
French
Embassador
in
the
year
1664.
might
be
taken
down
.
A
Peace
was
concluded
,
by
which
Burgundy
was
to
be
restored
to
the
Spaniards
:
but
the
French
were
left
in
possession
of
what
they
had
in
the
Spanish
Netherlands
.
Mareshal
Turene
,
who
had
formerly
been
Peter
,
Brother
to
King
Alphonso
,
with
the
Pope's
Dispensation
,
married
his
Brother's
Wife
,
his
Brother
still
living
:
And
Governing
the
Kingdom
,
took
upon
him
the
Title
of
Regent
.
A
triple
Leagu●
between
the
English
,
Swedes
,
and
Dutch
Cazimir
King
of
Poland
resigned
up
his
Crown
.
Canea
taken
by
the
Turks
.
A
triple
League
between
the
English
,
Swedes
,
and
Dutch
,
to
inforce
the
observance
of
the
Pyrenean
and
Aix
la
Chapelle
Treaties
.
John
Casimir
,
King
of
Poland
resign'd
his
Crown
,
and
went
into
France
,
where
he
lived
a
Retired
Life
.
From
Christ
1671.
Canea
,
in
the
Island
of
Cadia
,
which
the
the
Venetians
with
a
great
loss
of
Men
and
Money
for
three
years
bravely
defended
,
surrendered
at
last
upon
Articles
to
the
Turks
:
The
Venetians
still
retaining
in
the
same
Island
;
Sucla
,
Spyndlonga
,
Carabuza
,
with
the
lesser
Islands
of
Tyna
and
Cerygo
,
not
far
from
thence
.
At
Rome
died
Pope
Clement
the
Ninth
:
Henrietta
Maria
,
Queen
Mother
of
England
,
The
death
of
the
Queen
Mother
of
England
.
and
Daughter
to
Henry
the
IV.
died
at
Columbe
near
Paris
.
Alphonso
,
the
Deposed
King
of
Portugal
,
was
convey'd
to
the
Island
Tercera
.
In
Poland
,
Michael
Wisnowisky
,
an
Illustrious
〈…〉
King
of
Poland
.
Prince
of
the
Kingdom
,
was
chosen
King
.
The
Prince
of
Tuscany
came
to
London
,
The
Prince
of
Tuscany
arrived
at
London
The
prince
of
Denmark
came
to
England
The
Duke
of
Albemarle
'
s
death
.
visited
Oxford
and
Cambridge
,
and
departed
for
Holland
.
Prince
George
arrived
in
England
.
The
Duke
of
Albemarle
died
.
The
Counts
of
Serini
,
Nadast
,
Frangipany
,
and
others
were
accused
for
conspiring
against
the
Emperor
,
for
which
they
were
imprisoned
,
and
beheaded
.
The
Duke
of
Crequi
,
by
the
King
of
Counts
beheaded
.
The
French
took
Lorrain
.
France
his
Command
,
no
War
having
been
proclaim'd
,
took
the
Dutchy
of
Lorain
,
and
reduced
it
to
a
French
Province
:
The
pretence
was
that
the
Duke
of
Lorain
,
contrary
to
the
Pyrenean
Articles
,
had
bred
up
Souldiers
.
The
Triple
League
between
the
King
of
The
death
of
the
Dutchess
of
Orleans
.
England
,
Sweden
,
and
Holland
,
concluded
in
the
year
1668.
this
year
broken
by
the
King
of
England
:
About
which
time
the
Dutchess
of
Orleans
struck
up
the
Dover
Treaty
with
France
;
and
a
little
while
after
she
died
at
St.
Clou
in
France
.
Frederick
the
Third
,
King
of
Denmark
,
The
death
of
the
K.
of
Denmark
.
departed
this
Life
,
to
whom
succeeded
Christian
the
Fifth
.
In
Russia
,
the
notorious
Rebel
Stephen
Razin
,
occasioned
great
Troubles
,
and
took
the
City
of
Astracan
.
In
Italy
,
Cardinal
A●nilio
Altieri
,
was
made
Pope
,
and
assumed
the
Name
of
Clement
the
Tenth
.
The
Duke
of
Florence
died
,
leaving
his
The
death
of
the
Duke
of
Florence
.
Son
Cozmo
to
succeed
him
,
who
had
travelled
thro'
many
Countries
in
Europe
.
The
Prince
of
Orange
arrived
at
White-Hall
.
T●●●
.
of
Orange
arrived
at
London
.
From
Christ
1670.
Charles
the
Second
,
King
of
England
,
sent
the
Order
of
the
Garter
to
John
George
the
Second
,
Elector
of
Saxony
.
Ann
,
Dutchess
of
York
,
died
,
and
was
The
death
of
the
Dutchess
of
York
.
interred
in
Henry
the
Seventh's
Chappel
.
Collonel
Blood
,
in
the
habit
of
a
Parson
,
made
an
attempt
to
carry
away
the
Crown
out
of
the
Tower
of
London
.
Sir
Robert
Holmes
,
the
English
Admiral
,
fell
upon
the
Dutch
Smirna
Fleet.
The
Pope
acknowledged
the
King
of
Portugal
a
free
Prince
,
and
honoured
him
with
a
Nuntio
.
From
Christ
1671.
The
King
of
England
declared
War
against
Holland
.
A
terrible
Engagement
between
the
English
and
Dutch
Fleets
,
at
Southwold-Bay
,
where
the
English
being
surprized
by
De
Ruyter
;
after
a
sharp
Dispute
,
the
Dutch
Fleet
gave
way
,
and
retreated
;
where
was
unfortunately
lost
the
Earl
of
Sandwich
,
Vice-Admiral
of
England
.
The
King
of
France
invaded
Holland
,
and
in
the
space
of
one
Month
,
took
three
Provinces
,
Amsterdam
being
in
very
great
danger
.
Two
Brothers
,
Ruart
van
Putten
,
and
The
death
of
De
Wit
and
his
Brother
.
Pensionary
De
Witt
,
killed
by
the
multitude
.
The
Prince
of
Orange
restored
to
the
Dignities
of
his
Ancestors
,
was
declared
The
prince
of
Orange
made
Capt.
General
of
the
States
Armies
.
Captain
General
of
the
States
Armies
.
The
King
of
England
stop'd
all
Payments
of
Money
out
of
his
Exchequer
.
John
Cazimir
,
King
of
Poland
,
having
The
Exchequer
shut
up
.
The
death
of
Cazimir
K.
of
P
lan●
.
left
his
Kingdom
,
lived
a
retired
life
in
France
,
where
he
died
.
Charles
Duke
of
Richmond
,
died
at
Elsynore
,
in
Denmark
,
where
he
was
his
Majesty's
extraordinary
Ambassador
.
From
Christ
1672.
The
death
〈◊〉
●
.
of
〈…〉
mond
.
The
Emperor
made
a
League
with
the
Spaniard
,
Hollander
,
and
other
Princes
,
against
the
King
of
France
,
and
sent
away
The
Emperor
●
clared
War
against
France
.
Mastrick
taken
by
the
French
The
death
of
the
K.
of
Poland
.
the
French
Ambassador
from
Vienna
.
The
King
of
France
took
Mastriek
,
and
after
that
subdued
ten
Cities
in
Alsatia
.
King
Michael
died
in
Poland
;
but
the
next
day
,
the
Poles
under
the
Conduct
of
John
Sobiesky
,
gave
the
Turks
a
great
overthrow
,
who
by
that
Victory
gained
so
much
the
favour
of
the
Polish
Nobility
,
that
they
chose
him
King
the
year
ensuing
.
The
Spaniards
declared
War
against
the
French
,
and
the
French
against
the
Spaniards
:
The
King
of
France
finding
so
many
Enemies
confederated
against
him
,
did
quit
his
Conquests
in
Holland
.
A
first
,
second
,
and
third
Engagement
,
between
the
Dutch
and
the
English
Fleets
,
under
the
command
of
Prince
Rupert
.
In
the
last
of
which
,
Sir
Edward
Spragg
was
lost
;
in
the
second
,
the
English
forced
the
Dutch
to
shelter
themselves
among
their
Flatts
and
Shoals
.
The
Dutchess
of
Modena
arrived
in
England
,
and
was
married
to
the
Duke
of
York
.
A
Peace
concluded
between
the
King
A
peace
between
England
and
Holland
.
of
England
and
the
States
General
.
From
Christ
1670.
The
French
Ambassador
commanded
to
depart
Ratisbone
,
because
the
French
were
declared
publick
Enemies
of
the
Empire
.
The
Battel
of
Sensheim
in
the
lower
Palatinate
,
T●●
Battle
of
Sensheim
.
between
the
Saxons
joined
with
the
Imperialists
,
against
the
French
,
where
Mareschal
Turenne
got
the
better
of
them
.
The
Battel
of
Seneff
,
where
the
Prince
The
Battel
of
Seneffe
.
of
Orange
remained
Master
of
the
Field
.
Messina
in
Sicily
,
revolted
from
the
Spaniards
,
submitted
to
France
.
and
submitted
to
the
K.
of
France
,
who
sent
the
Count
de
Vivonne
for
their
made
a
League
with
the
Spaniard
and
Hollander
.
Governour
.
The
King
of
Denmark
made
a
League
with
the
Emperor
,
the
Spaniard
,
and
the
Hollander
,
while
the
Swedes
inclined
to
the
French
;
and
by
the
instigation
of
the
French
Ambassador
fell
into
Brandenburgh
,
which
enforced
the
Elector
to
observe
the
King
of
Poland
.
Peace
made
with
France
.
John
Sobyetzsky
elected
K.
of
Poland
,
with
great
applause
of
the
Nobility
and
People
.
King
Charles
having
been
pleased
to
accept
The
Freedom
of
London
presented
to
K.
Charles
.
of
the
Freedom
of
the
City
of
London
,
the
Lord
Mayor
and
Court
of
Aldermen
,
humbly
presented
his
Majesty
with
the
Copy
of
the
Freedom
,
in
a
Box
of
Massy
Gold
,
set
with
Diamonds
.
From
Christ
1674.
The
death
of
Mareschal
Turenne
,
Mareschal
Tarenne
killed
by
a
Canon-shot
,
and
the
French
forced
to
retire
out
of
Alsatia
.
The
Duke
of
Crequy
defeated
by
the
Confederates
,
under
the
command
of
the
Duke
of
Zell
,
did
fly
to
Treves
,
and
defended
Nimmegen
appointed
the
place
of
Treaty
,
the
place
of
Treaty
.
for
a
Peace
between
the
Potentates
at
variance
,
where
Charles
II.
King
of
England
,
interposed
as
Mediator
.
From
Christ
1675.
A
Marriage
solemnized
at
St.
James's
,
The
prince
of
Orange
married
to
Lady
Mary
.
between
the
P.
of
Orange
and
the
Lady
Mary
.
Stetin
in
Pomerania
,
after
a
long
Siege
,
surrendred
upon
honourabe
terms
to
the
Elector
of
Brandenburgh
.
taken
by
the
Elector
of
Brandenburgh
.
G●●nt
sarr●ndred
to
the
French
.
The
City
of
Ghent
surrendred
to
the
King
of
France
.
Phillipsburgh
besieged
by
the
Imperialists
,
was
taken
by
composition
.
Admiral
De
Ruyter
,
engaging
with
th●
French
in
the
Mediterranean
,
received
his
deaths
Wound
,
and
died
in
the
Bed
of
Honour
,
The
denth
of
Admiral
de
Ruyter
.
in
the
seventy
year
of
his
Age.
The
Danes
in
conjunction
with
the
Hollanders
,
did
beat
the
Swedish
Fleet
,
consisting
of
40
Men
of
War
;
and
then
landing
in
Schonen
,
took
several
Towns
from
the
Swedes
:
But
in
the
midst
of
their
Victories
,
near
Helmstade
,
were
defeated
by
the
Swedes
with
a
great
loss
.
And
after
that
,
they
lost
a
second
Battel
to
the
Swedes
,
near
the
City
of
Lunden
,
where
,
after
a
bloody
Fight
,
above
9000
Men
were
killed
on
both
sides
.
A
Battel
between
the
Prince
of
Orange
and
St.
Omers
taken
by
the
French
and
the
Duke
of
Orleans
,
at
Mount
Cassel
.
After
which
,
Cambray
and
St.
Omers
were
taken
by
the
French
.
Cardinal
Benedict
Odescalchi
,
was
chose
Pope
,
in
the
room
of
Clement
X.
who
died
Donna
Olimpia
,
a
cunning
Woman
,
and
powerful
in
the
Court
of
Rome
,
prepared
the
way
for
him
to
that
Dignity
.
From
Christ
1676.
The
Swedes
did
again
defeat
the
Danes
in
a
terrible
Conflict
,
near
Landscroone
.
On
the
other
side
,
the
Danes
overcame
the
Swedes
in
a
Sea-Fight
,
and
took
several
of
their
Men
of
War
.
A
Peace
concluded
at
N●meghen
,
between
quitted
the
Siege
of
Mons.
the
French
and
the
Dutch.
The
Prince
of
Orange
forced
the
Duke
of
Luxemburgh
to
quit
the
Siege
of
Mons.
Dr.
Oats
made
the
first
discovery
of
the
Popish
Plot
;
upon
which
,
Sir
Edmundsbury
The
death
of
St.
Edmundsbury
Godfrey
.
Coleman
hang'd
.
Messina
submitted
to
the
Spaniard
.
The
peace
between
France
&
Spain
.
Godfrey
was
murthered
;
and
one
Coleman
,
who
called
himself
the
Duke
of
York's
Secretary
was
executed
at
Tyburne
,
as
were
afterwards
several
others
.
Messina
in
Sicily
,
wearyed
with
the
French
Government
,
submitted
it self
to
the
Spanish
Monarchy
.
From
Christ
1678.
The
Peace
between
France
and
Spain
,
concluded
at
Nimeghen
,
proclaimed
in
both
Kingdoms
.
A
most
grievous
Persecution
of
the
Hugonet's
in
France
.
The
King
of
Spain
married
the
Daughter
The
K.
of
Spain
married
the
D.
of
Orleans
Daughter
.
of
the
Duke
of
Orleans
,
which
displeased
the
Emperor
.
A
great
disorder
in
England
,
by
reason
of
several
Persons
,
who
did
second
Dr.
Oats
in
the
further
discovery
of
the
Popish
sent
into
Flanders
,
and
after
into
Scotland
.
Plot
,
while
the
lower
House
of
Parliament
used
all
their
endeavours
to
disinherit
the
Duke
of
York
,
for
being
a
Papist
.
Upon
which
,
the
Duke
was
sent
out
of
the
way
,
first
into
Flanders
,
then
into
Scotland
.
From
Christ
1679.
The
Elector
Palatin
built
a
new
Church
at
Fredericksberg
,
which
was
dedicated
to
Concord
,
and
consecrated
by
a
Lutheran
Doctor
,
with
whom
were
joined
a
Roman
Catholick
Priest
,
and
a
Calvinist
Minister
.
The
King
of
France
by
sundry
Acts
of
Hostility
committed
in
Alsatia
,
the
Palatinate
,
and
in
the
Bishoprick
of
Treves
,
disturbed
the
Peace
concluded
but
the
year
before
.
The
Duke
of
Mantua
sold
the
strong
●old
to
the
French
.
Lord
Stafford
beheaded
.
Town
of
Casal
to
the
French
.
The
Lord
Stafford
being
found
guilty
of
High
Treason
by
his
Peers
,
was
Beheaded
upon
Tower-Hill
.
Charles
,
Count
Palatine
of
the
Rhyne
,
and
Prince
Elector
was
created
Knight
of
the
Garter
,
and
installed
at
Windsor
.
The
Parliament
sate
at
Oxford
,
but
was
on
a
sudden
dissolved
.
The
death
of
Don
John
of
Austria
.
Don
John
of
Austria
departed
this
life
.
From
Christ
1680.
A
Diet
held
at
Francfort
on
the
Mayne
,
where
the
Articles
of
the
Treaty
at
Nimegen
in
Controversy
,
were
argued
with
the
King
of
France
,
who
made
slight
of
that
Treaty
,
and
had
offered
several
Injuries
to
the
Princes
bordering
upon
the
Rhyne
:
for
contrary
to
his
Faith
given
,
he
seized
took
by
the
French
.
on
Strasburgh
,
and
caused
the
Cathedral
to
be
consecrated
a-new
by
the
Bishop
of
Furstemberg
,
for
the
use
of
the
Roman
Catholicks
.
The
Hugonots
by
reason
of
their
being
came
〈◊〉
England
.
so
cruelly
persecuted
,
did
fly
out
of
France
,
into
England
and
Holland
.
The
Hungarians
were
promis'd
their
freedom
,
with
the
restitution
of
their
Liberties
,
by
the
Emperor
:
But
the
free
Exercise
of
their
Religion
being
denied
them
,
by
the
persuasions
of
the
Jesuites
,
those
promises
came
to
nothing
.
The
Pope
was
angry
with
the
King
of
France
,
for
assuming
the
Collation
of
Ecclesiastical
Benefices
;
upon
which
,
the
Gallican
Clergy
being
assembled
,
gave
their
Opinions
for
the
King
.
A
Peace
between
the
Emperor
of
Morocco
A
peace
between
▪
the
Emperor
of
Morocco
and
the
King
of
England
.
and
the
King
of
England
,
for
four
years
.
An
Ambassador
from
Muscovy
,
arrived
in
England
:
And
in
the
same
year
also
,
came
another
Embassy
from
the
King
of
F●z
,
and
Morocco
,
and
a
Peace
was
concluded
with
the
M●●rs
.
The
death
of
Thomas
Thynne
,
〈◊〉
Count
Conningsmark
caused
Thomas
Thynn
,
Esq
to
be
basely
murthered
,
Conningsmark
was
acquitted
,
but
his
Accomplices
were
Hang'd
.
From
Christ
1681.
In
the
Diet
of
Francfort
,
the
Affair
of
the
Reunions
,
unjustly
challeng'd
by
the
King
of
France
,
began
to
be
disputed
with
the
French
Ambassadors
;
but
because
the
French
Ambassadors
refused
to
treat
with
the
Germans
in
the
Latin
Tongue
,
according
to
custom
,
but
persisted
to
give
in
their
Memorials
in
the
French
Language
;
the
Diet
broke
up
reinfecta
.
The
King
of
Denmark
,
Elector
of
Brandenburg
,
and
the
Bishops
of
Cologne
and
Munster
,
en●er
into
a
mutual
League
,
which
many
,
interpreted
to
be
done
in
favour
of
the
King
of
France
.
The
King
of
France
ordered
the
Walls
of
the
City
King
of
France
took
the
City
of
Orange
.
The
Gallican
Decree
against
the
Pope
.
of
Orange
to
be
pull'd
down
,
and
took
the
Principality
from
the
lawful
possessor
the
Prince
of
Orange
.
The
Gal●●an
Clergy
assembl'd
at
Paris
,
decree
,
in
opposition
to
the
Court
of
Rome
,
that
the
Pope
had
no
power
to
absolve
Subjects
from
their
Oath
of
Fidelity
to
their
Sovereign
;
that
a
universal
Council
was
above
the
Pope
;
that
the
Popes
Authority
was
limited
by
the
Canons
of
the
Church
;
and
that
the
Pope
was
not
infallible
.
The
Great
Duke
of
Muscovy
being
removed
by
The
Death
of
the
great
Duke
of
Muscovy
.
Count
Teckley
submitted
to
the
Turks
.
Four
Bantam
Ambassadors
.
poyson
,
after
many
Tumults
and
Slaughters
,
his
two
Sons
agreed
to
divide
the
Empire
between
●em
.
Count
Teckly
did
put
himself
under
the
protection
of
the
Turks
,
and
possessed
himself
of
Cass●via
,
〈◊〉
,
and
the
Fort
of
Villeck
.
Four
Bantam
Ambassadors
arrived
at
London
,
and
two
of
them
Knighted
by
King
Charles
.
The
Morocco
Ambassador
entertain'd
at
Oxford
.
Prince
Rupert
,
Prince
Palatine
of
the
Rhine
,
died
of
a
Fever
and
Plurify
,
in
the
sixty
third
year
of
his
Age.
From
Christ
1682.
〈◊〉
besieged
by
the
T●rks
,
and
the
Siege
raised
The
death
of
prince
Rupert
.
Vienna
besie●ed
by
the
Turks
.
by
the
King
of
Poland
,
in
conjunction
with
the
Duke
of
Lorrain
.
At
the
same
time
,
the
King
of
Poland
and
the
Duke
of
Lorrain
,
pursued
the
flying
●nemy
,
and
defeated
them
on
a
bloody
Battel
near
Ba●can
;
after
which
,
follow'd
the
surrender
of
Gra●
Because
the
Spania●d
rejected
the
Demand●
of
the
French
,
the
King
of
France
fell
upon
Oudenard
,
and
took
by
the
French
.
P.
George
of
Denmark
married
to
the
Lady
Ann.
Dixmude
,
and
took
them
.
Prince
George
of
Denmark
arrived
at
Whitehall
,
and
was
marryed
to
the
Lady
Ann
,
the
younger
Daughter
of
the
Duke
of
York
.
Judgment
given
against
the
ancient
Charter
of
the
City
of
London
,
in
the
King's
Bench
Court
.
From
Christ
.
1683.
The
Emperor
,
King
of
Poland
,
and
the
Republic
of
Venice
,
enter
into
a
League
against
the
Turks
.
A
Truce
for
twenty
years
between
the
Emperor
,
the
States
of
the
Empire
,
and
the
King
of
France
,
consented
to
by
the
Emperor
,
provided
it
should
be
no
way
prejudicial
to
the
Treaties
of
Westphalia
and
Nimeghen
.
A
Truce
also
concluded
for
the
same
Term
,
between
the
States
General
and
the
French
King
,
contrary
to
the
Advice
of
the
Spaniard
,
Swede
,
and
others
.
The
French
Bomb
the
flourishing
City
of
Genoa
.
The
Tyde
ran
strong
against
all
that
had
stood
up
for
the
ancient
Liberties
of
England
,
and
all
the
Corporations
,
Cities
,
and
Towns
in
the
Kingdom
,
were
forced
to
surrender
their
Charters
,
and
accept
of
new
ones
from
the
Court.
The
death
of
King
Charles
II.
Charles
II.
died
at
Whitehall
,
as
it
was
said
,
of
an
Apoplexy
;
and
the
same
day
,
James
Duke
of
York
,
was
proclaimed
King
in
his
room
.
FINIS
.