THE
HISTORY
OF
THE
CHURCH
OF
Great
Britain
.
CENTURY
I.
IEsus
Christ
the
Son
of
God
,
the
true
Prince
of
Peace
,
was
born
in
Bethlehem-Judah
,
of
the
Virgin
Mary
,
in
the
42
year
of
the
Reign
of
Augustus
Coesar
the
Roman
Emperour
,
under
the
194
Olympiad
,
in
the
XIX
year
of
the
Reign
of
Kymbeline
King
of
Britain
.
Divers
Writers
of
note
do
tell
us
,
Baron
.
Annal.
Tom.
1.
An.
61.
Usser
de
Brit.
Eccles.
primord
.
c.
1.
p.
7.
Parker
de
vetust
.
Eccl.
Britan.
p.
2
,
3.
Fox
Act.
&
Monum
.
vol.
1.
Sir
H.
Spelm.
Concil.
Tom.
1.
Per
Josephum
Evangelii
lucerna
primum
in
Britania
accensa
est
.
Georg.
Major
.
that
the
Gospel
was
preached
and
received
in
this
Land
,
even
in
the
days
of
the
Apostles
.
Baronius
,
and
the
Learned
Archbishop
Vsher
tell
us
,
that
St.
Peter
came
into
Britain
in
the
twelfth
year
of
the
Emperour
Nero
,
and
staid
a
long
time
here
,
many
being
by
him
illightned
.
Nicephorus
saith
,
that
Simon
Zelotes
carried
the
Doctrine
of
the
Gospel
unto
the
Western
Sea
,
and
to
the
Britannick
Islands
.
The
Learned
Archbishop
Matthew
Parker
,
Bishop
Godwin
,
Mr.
Camden
,
and
others
do
assert
,
that
St.
Paul
himself
,
that
great
Apostle
of
the
Gentiles
,
Preached
the
Gospel
to
this
Island
after
his
enlargement
from
his
first
captivity
at
Rome
;
where
,
some
say
,
he
continued
Preaching
five
years
.
And
this
(
say
they
)
he
did
at
the
instigation
of
Claudia
,
a
Noble
British
Woman
.
Gildas
,
our
own
Countrey-man
,
Polydor
Virgil
,
Mr.
Fox
,
Sir
Henry
Spelman
,
and
many
others
tell
us
,
that
Joseph
of
Arimathea
,
that
Holy
Man
,
after
he
had
buried
the
body
of
Christ
in
his
own
Tomb
,
came
into
this
Island
,
and
Preached
the
Gospel
here
,
being
sent
hither
by
Philip
and
James
the
Apostles
.
That
he
was
in
this
Land
,
is
confirmed
not
onely
by
divers
Histories
,
but
also
by
Antient
Monuments
.
Baleus
alledgeth
many
other
witnesses
.
It
doth
not
appear
,
that
the
first
Preachers
of
the
Gospel
in
Britain
did
so
much
as
touch
at
Rome
,
much
less
that
they
received
any
command
,
or
commission
thence
to
convert
Britain
,
which
should
lay
an
Eternal
obligation
of
gratitude
on
this
Island
to
the
Sea
of
Rome
.
Insomuch
that
Parsons
himself
flyes
at
last
to
this
slight
and
slender
shift
.
That
albeit
St.
Joseph
came
not
immediately
from
Rome
,
yet
he
taught
in
this
Island
the
Roman
Faith
,
whereof
St.
Paul
hath
written
to
the
Romans
themselves
,
that
your
Faith
is
spoken
of
through
the
whole
World
,
Rom.
1.8
.
Hereby
the
Jesuite
hopes
to
keep
on
foot
the
engagement
of
this
Island
to
Rome
,
Fuller
.
Church
Histor.
lib.
1.
for
her
first
conversion
.
But
why
should
he
call
the
Christian
Religion
the
Roman
Faith
,
rather
than
the
Faith
of
Jerusalem
,
or
the
Faith
of
Antioch
,
seeing
it
issued
from
the
former
,
and
was
received
and
first
named
in
the
latter
City
,
before
any
spark
of
Christianity
was
kindled
at
Rome
,
as
Dr.
Fuller
well
observeth
.
CENT
.
II.
WE
read
,
that
the
Gospel
in
our
Land
had
the
countenance
of
publick
Authority
through
the
gratious
providence
of
God
very
early
.
Omnium
Provinciarum
prima
Britannia
,
publicitus
Christi
nomen
recipit
.
Sabellic
.
Enn.
7.
l.
5.
A
Learned
Writer
speaking
of
the
dignity
of
this
Nation
,
saith
,
That
of
all
the
Provinces
of
the
Roman
Empire
(
yea
it
seemeth
of
the
whole
World
)
this
Island
of
Great
Britain
did
first
receive
the
Gospel
by
publick
Authority
.
Lucius
King
of
Britain
was
the
first
Christian
King
we
read
of
in
Ecclesiastical
Stories
:
He
embraced
the
Faith
about
an
hundred
and
fifty
years
after
the
death
of
Christ
.
It
is
said
of
this
King
Lucius
,
that
at
first
he
shewed
himself
an
enemy
to
the
Christians
:
but
observing
the
holiness
of
their
lives
,
he
was
enclined
to
embrace
the
Christian
Faith
,
but
was
held
off
for
a
time
,
partly
by
the
Heathenish
superstition
of
his
Ancestors
wherein
he
had
been
bred
up
;
and
partly
because
he
found
the
Christians
reputed
infamous
by
the
Romans
,
then
the
Lords
of
a
great
part
of
the
World
,
under
whom
(
it
seemeth
)
he
was
a
tributary
King
:
but
being
afterward
informed
,
that
many
of
the
Nobles
or
Senators
of
the
Romans
had
embraced
the
Christian
Religion
,
he
made
an
open
profession
of
it
,
and
made
a
notable
reformation
in
his
Dominions
.
Moreover
,
he
being
much
taken
with
the
Miracles
which
he
beheld
truly
wrought
by
pious
Christians
,
was
the
more
drawn
to
embrace
their
Religion
,
and
sent
Elvanus
and
Meduinus
,
men
of
known
Piety
and
Learning
in
the
Scriptures
to
Eleutherius
Bishop
of
Rome
,
with
a
Letter
,
requesting
several
things
of
him
;
but
principally
that
he
might
be
instructed
in
the
Christian
Faith
.
Eleutherius
returneth
him
this
Answer
,
That
having
rec●●ved
in
his
Kingdom
the
Law
and
Faith
of
Christ
,
Holinsh
.
descr
.
of
Brit.
c.
7.
Annals
of
England
,
by
John
Stow.
and
having
now
the
Old
and
New
Testaments
,
he
should
by
a
Council
of
his
Realm
take
Laws
from
thence
to
govern
thereby
;
That
he
was
the
Vicar
of
God
in
his
Kingdomes
;
That
the
People
and
Nations
of
the
Kingdom
of
Britain
were
His
,
even
His
children
;
That
such
as
were
divided
,
he
should
gather
them
together
unto
the
Law
of
Christ
his
holy
Church
,
unto
peace
and
concord
;
and
should
cherish
,
maintain
,
protect
,
govern
,
and
defend
them
,
&c.
When
Christian
Religion
first
was
publickly
received
and
established
in
this
Land
by
King
Lucius
,
here
were
then
of
Heathen
institution
,
eight
and
twenty
Flamines
,
and
three
Archflamines
.
The
places
of
the
Flamines
,
the
King
turned
to
so
many
Bishopricks
;
the
places
of
the
Archflamines
,
to
so
many
Archbishopricks
;
the
one
at
London
,
translated
afterward
to
Canterbury
;
the
other
at
York
;
the
third
at
Caerleon
in
Wales
,
where
seaven
of
those
Bishopricks
,
with
this
Archbishoprick
were
remaining
when
Austin
the
Monk
came
into
England
:
Here
were
Temples
also
builded
for
the
worship
of
Paynim-gods
,
of
which
he
made
Churches
for
the
service
of
Jesus
Christ
.
Thomas
Rudbourn
a
Mo●●●●
Winchester
,
Moratus
an
old
British
Writer
,
and
others
testifie
,
that
〈◊〉
was
Bishop
of
Winchester
;
and
all
the
possessions
of
the
●ga●
●es
there
,
were
conferred
upon
him
and
his
Clergy
,
which
were
●o
ample
,
that
even
about
the
City
all
the
Lands
,
within
twelve
miles
of
it
on
all
sides
,
were
belonging
unto
it
,
containing
in
number
32
Villages
.
And
thus
the
Britains
had
for
their
greatest
glory
,
the
happiness
to
see
and
enjoy
the
first
Christian
Prince
in
the
World
.
It
is
reported
,
that
King
Lucius
was
the
Founder
of
St.
Peter's
Church
at
Cornhil
in
London
,
placing
therein
one
Thean
an
Archbishop
,
and
that
the
Metropolitan
See
continued
in
a
succession
of
Archbishops
there
about
400
years
,
until
the
coming
of
Austin
the
Monk
,
who
translated
the
Archbishop's
seat
from
London
to
Canterbury
.
In
that
Church
was
a
Table
,
wherein
is
written
,
that
King
Lucius
founded
the
same
Church
to
be
an
Archbishop's
See
,
and
that
it
so
endured
the
space
of
400
years
.
There
are
the
name
of
these
Archbishops
of
London
,
Thean
,
Elvanus
,
Cadar
,
Obinus
,
Conan
,
Paladius
,
Stephen
,
Iltut
,
Theodwyn
,
or
Dedwin
,
Thedrid
,
Hilary
,
Restitutus
,
Guertelinus
,
or
Guitelinus
,
Fastidius
,
Vodinus
,
Theonus
,
&c.
Elvanus
built
a
Library
near
St.
Peter's
Church
in
Cornhil
;
he
was
a
Godly
,
Learned
and
Grave
Man
,
brought
up
in
the
School
of
Joseph
of
Arimathea
,
and
Converted
many
of
the
Druydes
to
the
Christian
Faith
.
Bishop
Godwin
saith
,
That
the
Archbishoprick
of
York
was
founded
Anno
180.
by
King
Lucius
also
,
who
placed
Sampson
there
.
King
Lucius
also
founded
the
Academy
of
Bangor
in
the
favour
of
good
Ar●s
and
Learned
Men.
He
built
the
chief
Cathedral
Church
in
Glocester
:
The
Church
dedicated
to
St.
Mary
in
Glastonbury
:
A
Chappel
in
honour
of
Christ
in
Dover
Castle
:
A
Church
in
Canterbury
,
afterwards
dedicated
to
St.
Martin
.
King
Lucius
died
and
was
buried
at
Gloucester
.
CENT
.
III.
BUT
Christianity
in
Britain
was
not
buried
in
the
grave
of
King
Lucius
:
Witness
Gildas
,
whose
words
are
a
clear
evidence
of
the
constant
continuing
of
the
Christian
Faith
in
Britain
from
the
first
Preaching
thereof
.
Gildas
in
Epist.
de
excid
.
Britan.
Christs
precepts
(
saith
he
)
though
they
were
received
but
lukewarmly
of
the
Inhabitants
,
yet
they
remained
entirely
with
some
,
less
sincerely
with
others
,
even
untill
the
nine
years
of
Persecution
under
Dioclesian
.
To
the
Authority
of
Gildas
we
may
add
the
Testimony
of
two
Fathers
,
both
flourishing
in
this
Century
,
Tertul.
advers.
Judaeos
.
c.
7.
Tertullian
and
Origen
;
Tertullian
saith
,
Britannorum
inaccessa
Romanis
loca
,
Christo
verò
subdita
:
There
are
places
of
the
Britains
which
were
unaccessible
to
the
Romans
,
but
yet
subdued
to
●hrist
.
Origen
in
Luc.
c.
1.
Homil.
6.
Origen
in
like
manner
,
Virtus
Domini
Salvatoris
cum
his
est
,
qui
ab
orbe
nostro
in
Britannia
dividuntur
:
The
power
of
God
our
Saviour
is
even
with
them
which
in
Britain
are
divided
from
our
World
.
Cent.
3.
c.
2.
col.
6.
The
Magdeburgenses
,
compilers
of
the
General
Ecclesiastical
History
,
speaking
of
the
Churches
through
Europe
in
this
Age
,
thus
express
themselves
:
Then
follow
the
Isles
of
the
Ocean
,
where
we
first
meet
with
Britain
,
Manfisse
&
hac
aetate
ejus
Insulae
Ecclesias
,
affirmare
non
dubitamus
:
We
doubt
not
to
affirm
,
that
the
Churches
of
that
Island
did
also
remain
in
that
Age.
Gildas
modestly
renders
the
reason
,
why
so
little
is
extant
of
the
British
History
of
this
Age.
Scripta
patriae
,
Scriptorum
monumenta
,
siquae
fuerint
,
aut
ignibus
hostium
exusta
,
aut
civium
exulum
classe
longius
deportata
,
non
comparent
:
The
Monuments
(
saith
he
)
of
our
Countrey
,
or
Writers
(
if
there
were
any
)
appear
not
,
as
either
burnt
by
the
fire
of
enemies
,
or
transported
far
off
by
our
banished
Countreymen
.
The
Christians
of
Britain
celebrated
the
Passover
upon
the
fourteenth
day
of
the
Moon
of
March
precisely
,
contrary
to
the
constitutions
of
the
Roman
Church
:
which
sheweth
,
they
were
not
brought
to
Christian
Religion
by
the
Roman
Church
.
Gild.
Epist.
f.
63.
And
Gildas
saith
,
That
the
Britains
used
great
solemnity
in
their
Ordination
of
Ministers
,
and
had
other
Prayers
,
Lessons
,
and
Chapters
,
than
are
used
in
the
Roman
Church
.
Britain
remained
under
the
Domination
of
the
Romans
,
Pagans
,
as
their
supream
Lords
,
till
the
year
of
Christ
286.
in
Dioclesian's
time
,
when
the
Roman
Senate
sent
Caransius
to
repress
the
incursions
of
Barbarous
Nations
.
But
Caransius
made
a
League
with
the
Britains
,
expelled
the
Romans
,
and
made
himself
King
:
And
from
that
time
,
sometimes
the
Romans
prevailing
,
sometimes
the
Natives
,
Britain
was
but
weakly
pos●●ssed
by
the
Roman
Empire
.
CENT
.
IV.
SO
the
Gospel
flourished
in
this
Land
,
and
they
that
professed
it
escaped
the
Persecutions
raised
by
the
Heathen
Emperours
of
Rome
,
all
except
the
last
;
under
Dioclesian
,
which
extended
to
Britain
;
and
St.
Alban
is
noted
to
be
the
Proto-Martyr
of
Britain
,
who
suffered
death
for
Christ's
sake
with
invincible
Courage
and
Resolution
,
about
the
year
of
Christ
305.
He
was
a
wealthy
Inhabitant
of
Verolamcester
,
and
a
Citizen
of
Rome
,
for
so
Alexander
Neccham
reports
him
.
Neccham
,
in
his
Poem
on
Verulam
.
Hic
est
Martyrii
roseo
decoratus
honore
Albanus
,
Cives
,
Inclyta
Roma
,
tuus
.
Here
Alban
,
Rome
,
thy
Citizen
renown'd
,
With
rosie
grace
of
Martyrdom
was
crown'd
.
Alban
was
a
Britain
by
Parentage
,
a
Roman
by
Priviledge
;
naturally
a
Britain
,
naturalized
a
Roman
.
Immediately
followed
the
Martyrdom
of
Amphibalus
a
Preacher
of
Caer-leon
in
Wales
,
who
not
long
before
was
fain
to
fly
from
Persecution
into
the
Eastern
parts
of
this
Island
,
and
was
entertained
by
Alban
at
his
house
in
Verulam
,
who
was
instructed
by
Amphibalus
in
the
Christian
Faith
:
he
was
cruelly
put
to
death
by
the
Pagans
in
a
Village
called
Redburn
,
three
miles
from
Verulam
.
Besides
Amphibalus
,
suffered
Aaron
and
Julius
,
two
substantial
Citizens
of
Caer-leon
,
and
then
Socrates
and
Stephen
,
and
Augulius
Bishop
of
London
,
then
called
Augusta
,
with
multitudes
both
of
Men
and
Women
in
sundry
places
(
saith
Beda
)
as
shortly
after
no
less
than
a
thousand
Saints
suffered
death
at
Litchfield
,
whereupon
the
place
was
called
another
Golgotha
,
or
field
of
blood
:
In
memory
whereof
the
City
beareth
for
Armes
to
this
day
a
field
surcharged
with
dead
bodies
.
Afterwards
it
pleased
God
to
put
a
period
to
his
Servants
sufferings
,
and
to
the
rage
of
their
Enemies
;
for
when
Dioclesian
and
Maximian
had
layed
down
the
Ensignes
of
Command
,
Constantius
Chlorus
was
chosen
Emperour
in
these
Western
Provinces
of
France
,
Spain
,
and
Britain
,
whose
cariage
towards
Christians
Eusebius
thus
describeth
;
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
,
that
he
preserved
such
Religious
people
as
were
under
his
command
without
any
hurt
or
harm
:
So
that
under
him
the
Church
in
these
parts
had
a
breathing-time
from
Persecution
.
Constantius
died
,
and
was
buried
at
York
,
who
bequeathed
the
Empire
to
Constantine
his
eldest
Son
by
Hest●n
his
form●
Wife
.
That
Constantine
was
a
Britain
,
is
shewn
by
Eumenius
Rhetor
,
Eumen.
Rheor
.
Panegyr.
9.
who
,
in
his
Oration
made
to
Constantine
himself
,
makes
therein
an
Apost●●phe
to
Br●●●in
,
O
fortunata
,
&
nunc
omnibus
beatior
terris
Britannia
quae
Constantinum
Coesarem
prima
vidisti
!
O
happy
Britain
,
and
blessed
above
all
other
Lands
,
which
didst
first
behold
Constantine
Cesar
.
There
is
another
Testimony
of
His
of
like
nature
:
Panegyr.
5.
Liberavit
Pater
Constantius
Britannias
servitute
:
Tu
etiam
Nobiles
,
illic
oriendo
,
fecisti
:
Your
Father
Constantius
did
free
the
British
Provinces
from
slavery
,
and
you
have
Ennobled
them
by
taking
thence
your
original
:
It
is
said
of
him
,
that
he
was
born
,
made
King
,
and
Emperor
first
in
Britain
.
Constantine
being
now
peaceably
setled
in
the
Imperial
Throne
,
there
followed
a
sudden
and
great
alteration
in
the
World
.
Persecutors
turning
Patrons
of
Religion
.
The
Gospel
formerly
a
Forrester
,
now
became
a
Citizen
;
and
leaving
the
Woods
wherein
it
wandered
;
Hills
and
holes
where
it
hid
it self
before
,
dwelt
quietly
in
populous
places
.
The
stumps
of
ruined
Churches
lately
destroyed
by
Dioclesian
,
grew
up
into
beautiful
buildings
;
Oratories
were
furnished
with
pious
Ministers
,
and
they
provided
of
plentiful
maintenance
,
through
the
liberality
of
Constantine
.
The
most
avouchable
evidence
of
Christianity
flourishing
in
this
Island
in
this
Age
,
is
produced
from
the
Bishops
representing
Britain
,
in
the
Councils
.
1.
Of
Arles
in
France
,
called
to
take
cognizance
of
the
cause
of
the
Donatists
,
where
appeared
for
the
Britains
,
Eborius
Bishop
of
York
,
Restitutus
Bishop
of
London
,
Adelfius
Bishop
of
the
City
called
the
Colony
of
London
,
which
some
count
Colchester
,
and
others
Maldon
in
Essex
,
Sacerdos
a
Priest
,
both
by
his
proper
Name
and
Office
,
Arminius
,
a
Deacon
,
Anno.
313.
In
the
Synod
of
Nice
held
in
Bithynia
,
Anno
325.
British
Bishops
were
present
,
being
summoned
to
suppress
Arianism
,
and
to
establish
an
uniformity
of
the
observation
of
Easter
,
as
Athanasius
,
and
Hilary
Bishop
of
Poictiers
do
testify
.
At
the
Council
of
Sardis
in
Thracia
,
called
by
Constantius
and
Constans
,
Sons
to
Constantine
the
Great
,
were
present
the
Bishops
of
Britain
,
who
concurred
with
the
rest
to
condemn
the
Arrians
,
and
acquit
Athanasius
.
The
British
Bishops
were
also
present
at
the
Council
of
Ariminum
assembled
in
Italy
.
Theodoret
Eccles.
Hist.
l.
1.
c.
10.
Theodoret
tells
us
,
that
he
wrote
an
Epistle
to
all
Churches
concerning
the
Council
of
Nice
,
wherein
he
saith
,
there
were
then
many
Churches
in
Britain
,
&c.
About
the
year
360.
Hilary
Bishop
of
Poictiers
,
among
diverse
others
dedicated
his
Book
,
Socrat.
Scholast.
l.
2.
c.
6.
7.
De
Synodis
fidei
Catholicae
contra
Arianos
,
to
the
Bishops
of
the
Provinces
of
Britain
,
during
his
exile
for
the
Orthodox
Faith
,
commending
them
for
their
constancy
in
the
profession
of
that
Faith
.
Sozom.
l.
3.
c.
11.
&
12.
And
by
the
testimony
of
Athanasius
,
it
appeareth
,
that
the
Britains
then
had
not
onely
Churches
professing
the
Orthodox
Faith
,
but
Bishops
famous
for
their
Piety
and
Learning
,
summoned
to
forreign
Councils
in
remote
parts
for
debating
and
deciding
the
highest
Articles
of
the
Christian
Faith
.
In
the
year
383.
Maximus
a
Christian
,
Du
Moul.
resp
.
ad
Card-du
Perron
.
lib.
7
ca.
5.
and
Orthodox
Prince
governed
Britain
:
for
then
all
that
part
of
the
Island
which
was
subject
to
the
Romans
,
was
Christian
.
Not
long
after
the
Empire
being
fallen
in
the
West
,
and
torn
by
the
Gothes
,
Francs
,
Vandals
,
and
Burgundians
,
the
Romans
forsook
the
Isle
of
Britain
,
which
moved
the
Natives
to
commit
the
Kingdome
to
one
Constantine
a
Britain
,
as
one
descended
from
their
Nation
,
and
a
Christian
vertuous
man
.
About
the
year
400.
Chrysostome
gives
this
testimony
concerning
the
Britains
Embracing
of
the
Gospel
Nam
et
Britaniae
,
Chrysost.
oper
tom
5.
Insulae
extra
hoc
mare
fitae
,
et
qua
in
ipso
oceano
sunt
,
vertutem
verbi
senserunt
(
sunt
etiam
illic
fundatae
Ecclesiae
&c.
)
Illius
inquam
verbi
,
quod
tunc
dictum
,
quod
et
in
omnium
animabus
,
inque
omnium
labiis
plantatum
.
Which
he
seconded
in
another
Sermon
of
the
Feast
of
Pentecost
.
CENT
.
V.
ABout
the
year
412
Pelagius
(
born
in
Britain
)
began
to
broach
his
Heresies
publickly
.
The
same
day
whereon
Pelagius
was
born
in
Britain
St.
Augustine
was
also
born
in
Africk
:
divine
providence
so
ordering
it
that
the
poison
and
the
Antidote
should
be
Twins
in
a
manner
in
respect
of
the
same
time
as
Dr.
Fuller
well
observeth
.
In
the
year
446.
the
Pelagian
Heresie
spread
over
Britain
:
and
the
British
Churches
being
defiled
thereby
,
King
Vortigern
for
the
maintaining
the
truth
,
sent
for
German
Bishop
of
Auxerre
,
and
Lupus
Bishop
of
Troys
in
Champagne
out
of
France
,
men
famous
for
their
doctrine
and
counsel
,
who
refusing
this
Heresie
,
gained
unto
themselves
a
reverent
esteem
among
the
Britains
;
but
chiefly
German
,
who
in
a
Chappel
neer
unto
St.
Albans
did
openly
out
of
the
pulpit
preach
God's
word
sincerely
to
the
people
.
This
conference
was
held
at
St.
Albans
,
even
where
at
this
day
a
small
Chappel
is
extant
to
the
honour
of
St.
German
.
Gemanus
having
baptized
multitudes
of
Pagan
converts
in
the
river
Alen
,
marched
with
an
Army
of
them
against
the
Pagans
whom
he
found
in
the
North-East
of
Wales
.
Usser
de
Erit
.
Eccles.
primord
.
p.
333.
Here
he
chose
an
hollow
dale
surrounded
with
hills
;
near
the
Village
,
called
at
this
day
by
the
English
,
Mold
by
the
British
Guidcrue
in
Flintshire
,
where
the
field
at
this
day
retains
the
name
of
Mees
Garmon
or
German's
field
.
Here
Germanus
placed
his
men
in
ambush
,
with
instructions
,
that
a
Signal
given
,
they
should
all
shout
Hallelujah
three
times
with
their
might
;
which
all
was
done
accordingly
.
Hereat
the
Pagans
without
striking
a
stroak
confusedly
ran
away
,
and
many
were
drowned
for
speed
in
the
river
Alen.
After
this
victory
Germanus
prepared
for
his
return
.
After
Germanus
and
Lupus
were
returned
home
into
their
native
countrey
,
Pelagianism
began
to
sprout
again
in
Britain
:
and
after
three
years
Germanus
came
again
with
Severus
into
Britain
,
and
the
Pelagian
Heresie
was
again
condemned
in
a
second
Synod
,
having
been
before
condemned
in
a
Synod
at
London
.
Germanus
having
setled
Baitain
in
good
order
,
returned
to
his
own
countrey
,
where
he
presently
died
after
his
return
:
and
by
God's
blessing
on
his
endeavours
,
that
Heresie
was
so
cut
down
in
Britain
,
that
it
never
generally
grew
up
again
.
About
the
year
453.
Hengist
Captain
of
the
Saxons
,
who
came
to
help
the
Britans
against
the
Scots
and
Picts
,
who
having
married
his
own
daughter
to
Vortigern
had
murthered
his
sovereign
Lord
Constans
,
and
invaded
his
Crown
being
called
in
for
his
help
,
came
with
diverse
ships
of
stout
Saxon
Souldiers
,
who
under
pretence
of
protecting
them
from
the
Picts
,
intended
to
plant
themselves
in
the
North
part
of
Britain
,
which
when
the
Britans
saw
,
and
fearing
their
own
ruin
,
they
desired
the
King
that
he
would
drive
them
out
of
his
Kingdome
.
The
Nobles
also
of
his
Realm
did
inveigh
much
against
the
King's
marriage
with
a
Pagan
Woman
.
Whereupon
Anno
454.
they
utterly
deserted
King
Vortigern
,
and
unanimously
chose
Vortimer
,
his
son
,
to
be
their
King
,
who
,
following
their
counsel
,
began
to
expell
the
Barbarians
,
and
chasing
them
as
far
as
the
Derwent
,
he
slew
many
of
them
:
Vortigern
also
fled
with
them
.
But
in
the
year
460
Prince
Vortimer
died
,
being
poisoned
by
Rowen
his
Mother
in
law
,
with
whom
the
hope
of
the
Britains
was
extinguished
.
Hereupon
Hengist
returning
into
Britain
with
new
forces
,
treacherously
slew
most
of
the
British
Nobles
at
a
pretended
Treaty
for
peace
between
both
Nations
.
And
the
Saxons
being
enemies
to
Christian
Religion
,
and
bent
upon
the
possession
of
such
a
fruitful
Countrey
,
exercised
great
cruelty
upon
the
Inhabitants
,
destroyed
Churches
and
all
Ecclesiastical
things
,
burnt
the
holy
Scriptures
;
slew
the
Ministers
in
the
Churches
,
endeavouring
to
supplant
Christian
Religion
.
Henr.
Huntingd●
.
Lib.
2.
Vortigern
had
before
caused
Vodinus
Arch-Bishop
of
London
to
be
put
to
death
,
because
he
reproved
him
for
calling
in
the
Saxons
,
and
marrying
a
Pagan
Woman
:
and
now
Theanus
Bishop
of
London
,
G●lsr
.
monum
.
lib.
12.
and
Thaodiceus
Bishop
of
York
with
others
were
forced
to
fly
into
remote
places
for
the
preservation
of
their
lives
.
Thus
God
sent
down
his
heavie
judgements
upon
the
Britains
for
their
Sins
,
as
Gildas
writeth
,
Britones
propter
avaritiam
&
rapinam
Principum
,
propter
iniquitatem
&
injustitiam
Judicum
,
propter
desidiam
praedicationis
Episcoporum
,
propter
luxuriam
&
malos
mores
populi
perdidisse
patriam
:
that
is
,
the
Britans
for
the
covetousness
and
oppression
of
the
Princes
,
for
the
iniquity
and
injustice
of
the
Judges
,
for
the
negligent
preaching
of
the
Bishops
,
for
the
luxury
and
evil
manners
of
the
people
,
lost
their
Countrey
.
After
many
battles
with
the
Britains
,
the
Pagans
surprised
a
great
part
of
this
Island
.
Then
the
Britains
sent
Ambassadors
into
the
lesser
Britain
to
Aurelius
Ambrosius
,
and
Vter-Pendragon
his
brother
,
desiring
them
to
take
the
government
of
Britain
upon
them
(
of
which
they
were
right
heires
)
and
to
expell
the
Saxons
,
and
King
Vortigern
.
Hereupon
they
came
with
many
armed
souldiers
.
Then
the
Britains
set
up
Aurelius
to
be
their
King
,
who
marched
first
against
Vortigern
to
his
Castle
Genorium
in
Wales
,
where
he
had
fortified
and
immured
himself
;
but
Aurelius
burnt
the
castle
,
and
King
Vortigern
in
it
.
After
this
Aurelius
fought
many
battles
with
the
Saxons
in
the
years
485.
487
,
488.
and
at
last
overcame
them
.
Aurelius
was
one
composed
of
valour
and
Religion
,
wholly
employing
himself
in
time
of
peace
,
to
raise
new
Churches
,
repair
old
,
and
endow
both
.
Johan
.
Timnuthens
.
in
ejus
vita
.
At
this
time
there
was
an
Academy
of
learned
men
under
Dubritius
neer
the
river
Wye
in
Monmouth-shire
.
This
Dubritius
taught
many
scholars
for
seven
years
together
in
humane
and
divine
learning
;
among
whom
the
chiefest
were
Theliau
,
Sampson
,
Vbelin
,
Merchiguin
,
Elquored
,
&c.
at
Dubritius
removed
to
Werwick
,
a
village
two
miles
from
Cardigan
,
and
from
thence
to
Moch-Rhos
.
The
Britains
being
involved
in
perpetual
Warrs
with
the
Scots
,
Picts
,
Normans
,
Saxons
,
the
Christian
Britains
were
at
last
,
by
force
and
fraud
,
undermined
,
and
driven
out
of
their
native
soil
into
Britain
in
France
,
and
into
Wales
and
Cornwall
:
yet
then
was
the
Gospel
preserved
in
those
corners
,
where
the
remainder
of
the
Britains
(
those
antient
Inhabitants
of
this
land
)
remains
unto
this
day
.
Paganism
was
again
planted
in
this
land
,
and
an
Heptarchy
was
established
,
this
land
being
divided
into
seven
Kingdomes
.
The
first
was
the
Kingdome
of
Kent
,
which
began
Anno
457.
under
King
Hengist
.
The
second
of
the
South
-
Saxons
,
comprising
Sussex
and
Surrey
.
This
Kingdome
began
under
King
Ella
,
Anno
491.
and
was
the
weakest
of
all
the
seven
,
affording
few
Kings
,
and
fewer
actions
of
moment
.
The
third
was
of
the
East
-
Saxons
,
comprehending
Essex
,
Middlesex
,
and
part
of
Hartford-shire
.
This
Kingdome
began
in
Erchenwin
about
the
year
527.
The
fourth
of
the
East-Angles
,
containing
Norfolk
,
Suffolk
,
Cambridg-shire
,
with
the
Isle
of
Ely
,
and
part
of
Bedford-shire
.
It
began
Anno
575.
under
King
Vlfa
,
and
lay
most
exposed
to
the
cruelty
of
the
Danish
incursions
.
The
fifth
of
Mercia
,
so
called
,
because
it
lay
in
the
midst
of
the
Island
,
being
the
merches
or
limits
on
which
all
the
residue
of
the
Kingdomes
did
bound
and
border
.
It
began
Anno
582
under
King
Cridda
,
and
contained
the
Countries
of
Lincoln
,
North-hampton
,
Rutland
,
Huntingdon
,
Buckingham
,
Oxford
,
Worcester
,
Warwick
,
Darby
,
Nottingham
,
Leicester
,
Stafford
,
and
Chester
:
besides
part
of
Hereford
and
Salop
(
the
remnant
whereof
was
possessed
by
the
Welch
)
Gloucester
,
Bedford
,
and
Lancaster
.
The
sixt
of
Northumberland
,
whereunto
belonged
whatsoever
lieth
between
Humber
and
Edenborough
Frith
.
It
was
subdivided
sometimes
into
two
Kingdomes
,
of
Bernicia
,
and
Deira
.
The
latter
consisted
of
the
remainder
of
Lancashire
,
with
the
entire
Counties
of
York
,
Durham
,
Westmerland
,
and
Cumberland
.
Bernicia
contained
Northumberland
with
the
South
of
Scotland
to
Edenborough
:
But
it
was
not
long
before
bo●●
were
united
under
King
Ida.
The
seventh
of
the
West
Saxons
,
who
possessed
Ham-shire
,
Berk-shire
,
Wilt-shire
,
Somerset
,
Dorset
and
Devon-shire
;
part
of
Cornwall
and
Gloucester-shire
.
This
Kingdom
began
Anno
519.
under
Cerdicus
:
This
Heptarchy
was
at
last
swallowed
up
in
the
West
Saxons
Monarchy
.
But
to
return
to
the
British
Church
,
and
the
year
of
our
Lord
449.
wherein
the
Irish
St.
Patrick
is
notoriously
reported
to
have
come
to
Glastonbury
,
where
he
lived
39
years
as
Abbot
of
that
place
.
And
so
great
was
the
credit
of
St.
Patrick
at
Glastonbury
,
that
after
his
death
and
burial
there
,
that
Church
that
formerly
was
dedicated
to
the
Virgin
Mary
alone
,
was
in
after-ages
joyntly
consecrated
to
her
and
St.
Patrick
.
About
the
year
495
Cerdicus
(
who
was
afterwards
first
King
of
the
West
Saxons
)
having
overcome
the
Britains
at
Winchester
,
killed
all
the
Monks
belonging
to
the
Church
of
St.
Amphibalus
,
and
turned
the
same
into
a
Temple
of
Idolatry
.
Aurelius
Ambrosius
was
poisoned
in
the
year
498.
and
his
Brother
Vter-Pendragon
took
upon
him
the
Government
of
this
Realm
.
CENT
.
VI.
MOst
miserable
at
this
time
was
the
British
Common-wealth
,
crouded
up
into
barren
Corners
,
whil'st
their
Enemies
the
Pagan
Saxons
possessed
the
East
and
South
,
if
not
the
best
part
of
the
Island
.
Pen-dragon
dying
,
the
Nobles
and
Bishops
of
Britain
set
up
his
Son
Arthur
,
being
about
16
years
of
age
,
to
be
King
of
Britain
,
in
the
year
516.
Of
whom
one
writeth
thus
,
Cultum
Religioni
pene
debitum
in
Civitatibus
,
&
viris
,
&
oppidis
,
ref●rmavit
:
Ecclesias
à
Pagana
Gente
destructas
vel
dirutas
reparavit
:
&
in
eis
Res
&
Episcopos
cum
Clericorum
officiis
,
prout
locorum
dignitas
cogebat
,
devoto
Religionis
studio
ordinavit
.
Vigente
adhuc
post
Germani
Episcopi
labores
,
qui
ob
id
in
Britanniam
bis
venerat
,
Pelagiana
labe
,
ac
desperato
pene
remedio
,
David
ex
universae
Gentis
Synodo
Praesul
constitutus
An.
519.
diutina
praedicatione
disceptationbus
publicis
eandem
profligavit
,
atque
aream
Ecclesiae
purgavit
.
David
was
Un●kle
to
King
Arthur
;
he
privately
studied
the
Scriptures
ten
years
,
before
he
would
presume
to
Preach
,
and
always
caryed
the
Gospels
about
him
.
He
kept
a
Synod
against
the
Pelagian
error
(
which
was
now
revived
in
Britain
)
and
confirmed
many
wavering
Souls
in
the
Faith
.
The
main
body
of
the
British
Church
was
at
this
time
in
Wales
,
wh●re
Bangor
on
the
North
,
and
Caerleon
(
on
Vsk
in
Monmouth-shire
)
in
the
South
,
were
the
two
eyes
thereof
for
Learning
and
Religion
.
Caerleon
had
in
it
the
Court
of
King
Arthur
,
the
See
of
an
Archbishop
,
a
Colledge
of
200
Philosophers
,
who
threrein
studied
Astronomy
,
and
was
a
populous
place
of
great
extent
,
though
at
this
day
reduced
to
a
small
Village
.
By
leave
obtained
from
King
Arthur
,
David
removed
the
Archiepiscopal
seat
from
Caerleon
to
Meneva
,
now
called
St.
David's
in
Pembrook-shire
,
in
which
exchange
(
saith
Fuller
)
his
devotion
is
rather
to
be
admired
,
than
his
discretion
to
be
commended
,
Girald
.
Cambr.
leaving
a
fruitful
soyl
for
a
bleach
barren
place
;
though
the
worse
it
was
,
the
better
for
his
purpose
,
being
a
great
promoter
of
a
Monastical
life
.
In
those
days
such
was
the
correspondency
between
the
greater
and
lesser
Britain
,
that
they
seemed
to
possess
Learned
Men
in
common
betwixt
them
.
About
the
same
time
flourished
Cadocus
,
Abbot
of
Llancanvan
in
Glamorgan
shire
,
Son
of
the
Toparch
of
that
Countrey
:
He
retained
part
of
his
paternal
principality
in
his
hand
,
whereby
he
daily
fed
300
of
Clergy-men
,
Widdows
,
and
poor
People
,
besides
guests
and
visitants
daily
resorting
to
him
.
Wilful
poverty
then
was
not
by
vow
entailed
upon
Monastical
life
.
Iltutus
followed
him
,
a
profound
Scholar
,
Fullers
Church
Hist.
who
at
Llaniltut
in
Glamorgan
shire
Preached
God's
Word
,
and
set
up
a
Colledge
of
Scholars
,
himself
leading
a
single
life
.
Sampson
,
Scholar
to
Iltutus
,
succeedeth
,
made
Bishop
at
large
,
sine
titulo
.
In
that
Age
all
Bishops
were
not
fixed
to
the
Chair
of
a
peculiar
Church
,
but
some
might
sit
down
in
any
vacant
place
for
their
Cathedral
,
and
there
exercise
their
Episcopal
Authority
,
provided
it
were
without
prejudice
to
other
Bishops
:
This
Sampson
being
afterwards
made
Archbishop
of
Dole
in
French-Britain
,
Baleus
saith
,
That
he
caried
away
with
him
the
Monuments
of
British
Antiquity
.
Patern
for
three
and
twenty
years
was
a
constant
Preacher
at
Llanpatern
in
Cardigan
shire
.
St.
Petrock
comes
next
,
one
of
great
Piety
and
painfulness
in
that
Age
,
Captain
of
the
Cornish
Saints
.
Then
lived
St.
Teliau
,
who
was
Scholar
to
Dubritius
,
and
succeeded
him
in
the
Bishoprick
of
Landaff
,
a
pious
Preacher
,
and
zealous
reprover
of
the
Vices
of
that
time
.
About
the
year
560
flourished
Congel
Abbot
of
Bangor
,
who
much
altered
the
discipline
of
that
Monastery
.
Kentigern
,
the
famous
Bishop
of
Elwy
in
North
-
Wales
;
St.
Asaph
was
his
successor
in
the
same
place
,
in
whose
mouth
this
sentence
was
frequent
;
Such
who
are
against
the
Preaching
of
God's
Word
,
do
envy
the
salvation
of
mankind
.
About
the
year
596.
Pope
Gregory
I.
sent
Augustine
a
Benedictine
Monck
,
a
subtil
and
industrious
Man
,
into
this
Land
,
to
work
two
ends
;
the
one
to
reduce
the
Christians
of
this
Isle
to
the
Form
and
Service
of
the
Romish
Church
;
the
other
,
to
draw
(
if
he
could
)
some
of
those
Pagan
Kings
to
the
Christian
Religion
.
Augustine
with
Mellitus
,
and
forty
more
of
his
Companions
,
sent
to
Preach
the
Gospel
in
Britain
,
landeth
at
Thanet
in
Kent
:
Ethelbert
was
then
King
of
Kent
,
and
a
Pagan
,
yet
had
he
Married
Bertha
,
Daughter
to
the
King
of
France
,
a
Christian
Woman
,
to
whom
he
permitted
the
free
use
of
her
Religion
,
allowing
her
both
Luidhard
,
a
Bishop
for
her
Chaplain
,
and
an
old
Church
in
Canterbury
(
formerly
dedicated
by
the
Romans
to
St.
Martin
)
to
exercise
her
Devotion
therein
.
Augustine
with
his
followers
(
having
obtained
leave
from
King
Ethelbert
)
advanced
unto
Canterbury
,
to
the
foresaid
Church
of
St.
Martin
:
Here
they
lived
so
Piously
,
Prayed
so
fervently
,
Fasted
fo
frequently
,
Preached
so
constantly
,
and
wrought
Miracles
(
as
it
is
said
)
so
commonly
,
that
Ethelbert
was
perswaded
by
Queen
Bertha
to
embrace
the
Christian
Religion
,
and
was
Baptized
,
whose
example
multitudes
of
Pagans
followed
:
There
were
in
one
day
about
ten
thousand
Men
Baptized
,
besides
Women
and
Children
,
in
a
River
.
The
Water
being
hallowed
by
Augustine
,
he
commanded
the
People
to
go
in
by
couples
,
and
one
to
Baptize
the
other
,
in
the
name
of
the
Trinity
.
Thus
Augustine
carieth
away
the
credit
of
all
that
came
after
him
,
because
the
Primitive
planter
of
the
Gospel
among
the
Saxons
,
and
Kent
was
converted
to
Christianity
;
yet
far
more
than
half
of
the
Land
lay
some
years
after
in
the
darkness
of
Paganism
,
which
others
afterwards
illightened
with
the
beams
of
the
Gospel
.
Mean
time
the
poor
Christian
Britains
living
peaceably
at
home
,
there
enjoyed
God
,
the
Gospel
,
and
their
Mountains
,
not
caring
for
the
Ceremonies
A
la
mode
,
brought
over
by
Augustine
.
CENT
.
VII
.
ABout
the
year
601.
Pope
Gregory
I.
sent
two
Archbishops
Palls
into
England
,
the
one
for
London
,
the
other
for
York
:
The
former
of
these
Cities
had
been
honoured
with
an
Archbishop's
See
some
hundred
years
since
King
Lucius
;
but
at
the
Instance
of
Augustine
,
and
by
a
new
order
of
the
foresaid
Gregory
,
this
Pall
sent
to
London
,
was
removed
thence
to
Canterbury
(
whereof
Augustine
was
made
Archbishop
)
and
there
fixed
and
confirmed
.
Canterbury
was
the
place
wherein
Christianity
was
first
received
by
the
Saxons
,
and
is
therefore
honoured
to
perpetuate
the
memory
thereof
;
and
London
must
hereafter
be
contented
with
the
plain-seat
of
a
Bishop
.
Then
Augustine
by
the
aid
of
Ethelbert
King
of
Kent
,
called
a
Council
of
Saxon
and
British
Bishops
to
meet
in
the
confines
of
the
Mercians
and
West
Saxons
,
in
the
borders
of
Wo●●●ster
and
Hereford-shires
,
under
an
Oak
,
knowing
that
the
Pagan
Britains
performed
their
superstition
under
an
Oak
,
in
some
imitation
,
and
yet
a
correction
of
their
Idolatry
,
as
Sir
Henry
Spelman
Sir
H.
Spelm.
in
Conciliis
.
Geoffry
of
Monmouth
,
calling
the
Britains
the
Lord's
flock
,
saith
,
Grex
Domini
rectum
ordinem
tenebat
.
Galf.
Monum
.
lib.
11
c.
12.
sheweth
.
But
this
Synod
proved
ineffectual
;
the
British
Bishops
,
and
many
very
Learned
Men
(
far
differing
from
Romish
Priests
)
rejected
his
Traditions
which
he
brought
from
Rome
,
and
would
not
admit
thereof
,
detested
his
Pride
,
renounced
his
Authority
,
and
would
not
accept
of
him
for
their
Archbishop
,
as
he
desired
to
be
;
and
for
the
space
of
an
hundred
years
at
least
,
refused
to
communicate
with
those
that
had
received
the
same
.
And
then
the
Bishops
and
Churches
of
Scotland
joyned
with
the
Britains
against
those
new
observations
which
the
same
Augustine
brought
from
Rome
.
At
that
time
there
were
1200.
Monks
at
the
Monastery
of
Bangor
in
Wales
(
not
Popish
Monks
;
and
idle
Belly-gods
,
but
)
all
living
with
the
labour
of
their
hands
,
and
bestowing
the
time
of
rest
from
their
labours
in
Prayer
and
Meditation
on
the
Scriptures
.
Over
that
Church
,
at
Austin's
coming
,
was
Dinochus
a
Learned
Man
,
who
,
when
Austin
required
the
British
Bishops
to
be
subject
to
his
Romish
Authority
,
convinced
them
by
diverse
Arguments
,
that
they
did
not
owe
him
any
such
subjection
;
whereat
Augustine
being
highly
offended
,
is
said
to
have
spoken
these
words
,
Quod
si
pacem
cum
fratribus
accipere
nollent
,
bellum
ab
hostibus
forent
accepturi
:
&
si
Nationi
Anglorum
noluissent
viam
vitae
praedicare
,
per
horum
manus
ultionem
essent
mortis
passuri
:
that
if
they
would
not
accept
of
peace
with
their
Brethren
,
they
should
receive
War
from
their
Enemies
;
and
seeing
they
would
not
joyn
with
him
in
Preaching
the
way
of
life
to
the
Saxons
,
they
should
feel
the
force
of
their
Enemies
Sword
:
And
some
Writers
say
,
that
he
stirred
up
Ethelfred
King
of
Northumberland
against
them
,
who
,
with
an
Army
of
Infidels
,
cruelly
and
unmercifully
slew
them
,
who
came
forth
to
him
in
their
shirts
to
entreat
for
mercy
,
fifty
onely
escaping
.
But
their
innocent
blood
went
not
long
unrevenged
,
for
we
read
,
how
three
British
Princes
,
viz.
Blederick
Duke
of
Cornwall
,
Margaduc
Duke
of
South
Wales
,
and
Cadwan
Duke
of
North
Wales
,
Nicol.
Trivet
.
gave
Battel
to
the
Northumberlanders
,
as
they
were
invading
Wales
,
and
not
onely
dangerously
wounded
the
foresaid
.
Ethelfred
their
King
,
but
also
discomfited
his
Army
,
and
slew
ten
thousand
and
sixty
of
his
Souldiers
;
forcing
him
at
last
to
Articles
of
composition
,
that
he
should
confine
himself
within
his
own
Countrey
,
North
of
Trent
,
and
leave
all
Wales
to
be
entirely
and
peaceably
enjoyed
by
the
Britains
,
the
true
owners
thereof
.
Here
we
are
to
take
our
farewell
of
the
British
Church
,
for
some
hundreds
of
years
,
wanting
instructions
concerning
the
remarkable
particulars
thereof
,
saith
Dr.
Fuller
in
his
Church
History
of
Britain
.
Let
us
now
return
to
our
Augustine
,
who
all
this
while
was
very
industrious
,
and
no
less
successful
in
converting
the
Saxons
to
the
Christian
Faith
,
insomuch
that
a
certain
Author
reporteth
,
how
in
the
River
Swale
near
Richmond
in
York-shire
,
Augustine
in
one
day
Baptized
above
ten
thousand
:
but
Bede
makes
no
mention
at
all
hereof
,
and
ascribeth
this
numerous
baptizing
to
Paulinus
Bishop
of
York
many
years
after
.
In
that
age
nothing
was
used
with
Baptism
,
but
Baptism
,
the
word
and
the
water
made
the
Sacrament
.
At
Corn
in
Dorset-shire
Austin
destroyed
the
Idol
of
Heale
,
or
Aesculapius
,
which
the
Saxons
formerly
adored
.
Sebert
King
of
Essex
(
Nephew
to
Ethelbert
King
of
Kent
by
Ricula
his
sister
)
embraced
the
Faith
,
with
all
his
Kingdome
,
by
the
Ministry
of
Mellitus
,
whom
Augustine
ordained
Bishop
of
London
:
making
also
one
Justus
a
Roman
Bishop
of
Rochester
.
Bed
.
Eccl.
Hist.
li●
.
2.
ca.
3.
Augustine
died
,
and
was
buried
in
the
Northern
part
of
the
new
Church
in
Canterbury
,
dedicated
to
Peter
and
Paul
.
Bede
saith
this
inscription
was
written
upon
his
Monument
.
Here
resteth
Lord
Augustine
,
the
first
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
who
being
in
times
past
sent
hither
by
blessed
Gregory
Bishop
of
the
Roman
City
,
and
supported
by
God
with
the
working
of
Miracles
,
brought
King
Ethelbert
and
his
Country
from
the
Worshiping
of
Idols
to
the
faith
of
Christ
,
and
the
daies
of
his
Office
being
finished
in
peace
,
he
died
the
seventh
of
the
Calends
of
June
,
the
same
King
reigning
.
But
in
this
Epitaph
one
thing
is
wanting
,
and
that
mainly
material
,
namely
the
year
that
he
did
.
After
the
death
of
Augustine
,
Laurentius
a
Roman
succeeded
him
,
whom
Augustine
in
his
life-time
ordained
in
that
place
.
King
Ethelbert
,
having
reigned
fifty
Six
,
and
been
a
Christian
one
and
twenty
years
,
died
,
and
was
buried
nigh
to
Queen
Bertha
(
who
died
a
little
before
him
)
in
the
Porch
of
St.
Martins
Church
in
Canterbury
;
which
fabrick
with
some
other
Churches
,
by
him
were
beautifully
built
and
bountifully
endowed
.
After
the
death
of
Ethelbert
Anno
616.
Eadbald
,
his
son
and
the
sons
of
Sebert
King
of
the
East
-
Saxons
,
succeeding
them
,
refused
to
be
baptized
,
or
imbrace
the
Christian
faith
,
professed
and
set
up
Idolatry
,
expelled
their
Bishops
,
driving
them
out
of
this
land
into
France
,
til
at
last
King
Eadbald
being
converted
to
Christianity
by
Laurentius
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
presently
began
to
take
care
of
the
affaires
of
the
Church
,
and
at
the
desire
of
Laurentius
,
Justus
and
Mellitus
,
returned
again
into
England
.
Rochester
readily
received
their
Bishop
,
but
London
refused
to
entertain
good
Mellitus
,
who
led
a
private
life
in
London
,
til
that
after
the
death
of
Laurentius
,
he
succeeded
him
in
the
Church
of
Canterbury
.
Five
years
sate
Mellitus
in
Canterbury
,
after
whose
death
Justus
Bishop
of
Rochester
succeeded
him
,
and
had
his
Pall
solemnly
sent
him
by
Pope
Boniface
.
Ethelfred
being
slain
by
the
Britains
,
Edwin
succeedeth
him
,
and
was
setled
in
the
general
government
of
the
Saxons
;
who
by
the
perswasion
of
Paulinus
embraced
and
professed
the
Christian
Religion
,
destroyed
the
Temples
,
Altars
and
Images
of
their
Idol-Gods
,
and
was
,
with
all
his
Nobles
and
much
people
,
baptized
in
the
City
of
York
,
by
Paulinus
Anno
627.
About
this
time
Pope
Boniface
V.
directed
diverse
Epistles
to
England
,
wherein
were
many
passages
fighting
against
Christ's
satisfaction
.
A
few
years
after
the
conversion
of
the
East
Angles
was
advanced
by
King
Sigebert
,
and
after
the
death
of
Earpwald
,
his
successor
in
the
Kingdome
.
Bede
give
's
him
this
character
,
that
he
became
vir
Christianissimus
&
Doctissimus
,
being
assisted
by
the
preaching
of
Felix
,
a
Monk
of
Burgundy
,
he
converted
his
Subjects
to
Christianity
.
This
Felix
was
made
the
first
Bishop
of
Dunwich
in
Suffolk
,
a
place
formerly
furnished
with
fifty
and
two
Churches
,
and
hath
scarce
two
now
remaining
,
the
rest
being
swallowed
up
by
the
Sea
.
This
Sigebert
is
generally
reputed
the
founder
of
the
University
of
Cambridge
.
Edwin
fell
out
with
Cadwallan
,
King
of
the
Britains
,
and
slew
many
thousand
Christian
Britains
in
battle
,
putting
him
and
the
rest
to
flight
.
Anno
633.
After
the
victory
Edwin
led
his
Army
through
the
Provinc●
of
Britain
,
burning
their
Cities
,
and
wasting
their
Colonies
,
and
brought
those
Provinces
under
his
subjection
,
chasing
Cadwallan
into
Ireland
.
But
Cadwallan
returning
from
thence
with
ten
thousand
men
,
assisted
by
Penda
King
of
Mercia
,
wasted
the
Countrey
of
King
Edwin
.
Both
these
Kings
at
last
met
in
a
field
called
Heath-field
,
where
Edwin
was
slaine
,
and
his
whole
Army
overthrown
:
Cadwallan
slew
both
the
Sons
of
King
Edwin
,
and
for
a
whole
year
●●stroyed
the
Provinces
of
the
Northumbrians
.
After
the
death
of
Edwin
,
his
whole
Kingdome
●el
apsed
to
Paganism
;
and
Paulinus
,
Arch-Bishop
of
York
,
taking
with
him
Queen
Ethelburga
sister
to
Eadbald
King
of
Kent
,
returned
into
Kent
,
and
there
became
Bishop
of
Rochester
.
After
the
death
of
King
Edwin
,
his
Kingdome
of
Northumberland
was
divided
into
two
parts
,
both
petty
Kingdomes
.
Osrich
,
Cousin-German
of
King
Edwin
,
was
King
of
Deira
;
and
Eanfrith
the
eldest
son
of
Ethelfred
,
was
King
of
Bernicia
.
They
were
both
Christians
,
but
became
Apostates
,
and
were
slain
by
Cadwallan
in
the
first
year
.
Oswald
,
the
second
son
of
Ethelfred
,
succeeded
unto
them
,
and
overthrew
Cadwallan
.
Bishop
Aidan
converted
Oswald
,
Usher's
Religion
of
the
antient
Irish
.
p.
115.
which
King
disdained
not
to
preach
,
and
expound
to
his
Subjects
and
Nobles
in
the
English
tongue
,
that
which
Aidan
preached
to
the
Saxons
in
the
Scottish
tongue
.
By
the
Ministry
of
Aidan
(
the
first
Bishop
of
Linsfarn
)
was
the
Kingdome
of
Northumberland
recovered
from
Paganism
.
Petry
.
Church
hist.
Cent.
7.
Aidan
parted
all
that
was
given
him
,
by
the
King
or
Potent
men
,
among
the
poor
:
and
ceased
not
to
go
from
town
to
town
,
and
from
house
to
house
,
not
on
hors-back
,
but
on
foot
,
always
catechizing
,
whether
he
met
with
rich
or
poor
:
if
they
were
Pagans
,
he
instructed
them
;
if
they
were
Christians
he
confirmed
them
in
the
faith
;
and
exhorted
unto
the
works
of
Pie●y
and
Charity
,
especially
to
read
the
Scriptures
diligently
;
he
died
Anno
651.
From
Northumberland
the
word
of
God
was
spread
among
many
others
of
the
Saxon
Kingdomes
.
The
Scotch
,
that
professed
no
subjection
to
the
Church
of
Rome
,
were
they
that
sent
preachers
to
the
conversion
of
these
Countries
,
Ephr.
Pagit
.
Religion
of
the
antient
Britains
.
and
ordained
Bishops
to
govern
them
,
as
Aidan
forementioned
,
Finan
,
and
Colman
:
for
the
East
Saxons
Cedd
,
and
for
the
Mercians
Diuma
:
for
the
paucity
of
Priests
(
saith
Beda
)
constrained
one
Bishop
to
be
appointed
over
two
people
.
Finan
converted
the
Kingdomes
of
the
East
Saxons
,
and
Mercia
.
Pope
Honorius
sent
Birinus
unto
the
West
-
Saxons
,
who
by
his
preaching
converteth
many
,
and
among
the
rest
Kyngils
,
the
West
-
Saxon
King
,
whom
he
Baptized
.
Oswald
,
King
of
Northumberland
was
present
at
that
time
,
and
was
first
God-father
,
then
father
in
law
to
King
Kyngils
,
to
whom
he
gave
his
Daughter
to
Wife
.
Dorchester
,
an
old
City
in
Oxford-shire
,
was
made
the
seate
of
Birinus
his
Bishoprick
.
Sussex
,
and
the
Isle
of
Wight
also
were
converted
.
About
this
time
Honorius
,
Arch-Bishop
of
Canterbury
,
divided
England
(
so
much
thereof
as
was
Christian
)
into
Parishes
.
Anno
64●
.
the
first
lent
began
in
those
parts
of
England
,
which
obeyed
the
Roman
celebration
of
Easter
.
Oswald
,
King
of
Northumberland
,
fighting
at
Maserfield
(
since
Oswastrey
in
Shrop-shire
)
against
Penda
the
Pagan
Prince
of
Mercia
,
Fabian
.
Chronic.
part.
5.
was
overthrown
,
slain
,
and
his
Bodie
most
barbarously
abused
and
chopped
in
pieces
.
Oswy
his
younge●
brother
recovered
his
Kingdome
after
one
year
;
and
buried
his
head
in
the
Church-yard
of
Lyndesar
.
Sigebert
was
perswaded
by
his
Monks
to
enter
into
a
Cloister
:
his
end
was
lamentable
:
for
when
he
had
given
over
his
Kingdome
to
his
Cousin
Egrick
,
the
forenamed
Penda
entred
his
Kingdome
with
an
Army
:
his
subjects
forced
him
to
go
into
the
field
,
where
both
he
and
Egrick
were
slain
.
Others
say
,
he
was
murdered
by
two
Villains
.
Penda
,
Prince
of
Mercia
,
having
married
Alfreda
,
Daughter
of
Oswy
,
King
of
Northumberland
,
renounced
Paganism
,
embraced
Christianity
,
and
propogated
it
in
his
Dominions
.
Indeed
,
Penda
his
father
,
that
persecutor
of
piety
,
was
yet
alive
(
and
survived
two
years
after
)
persisting
an
Heathen
till
death
,
but
mollified
to
permit
a
toleration
of
Christianity
in
his
Subjects
.
From
Colmkil
(
as
a
most
famous
Seminary
of
learning
)
at
that
time
,
sprang
forth
those
,
who
not
onely
did
resist
the
beginnings
of
Anti-Christian
pride
at
home
,
and
in
our
neighbour-Country
,
but
they
sowed
the
seed
of
the
Gospel
in
other
Nations
.
Such
was
that
famous
Rumold
,
who
was
called
Mechlinensis
Apostolus
.
Pappas
in
histor.
convers
.
Gent.
Gallus
brought
Helvetia
from
Paganism
,
as
Pappas
witnesseth
,
built
sundry
Monasteries
there
.
Calumban
,
a
man
of
excellent
holiness
and
learning
,
lived
sometime
in
Bangor
,
and
thence
went
into
Burgundy
,
where
he
began
the
Monasterie
Luxovien
,
and
taught
the
Monks
,
of
his
own
Country
especially
,
to
live
by
the
works
of
their
own
hands
.
Platina
in
Bonifacio
quarto
.
Also
because
he
rebuked
Theodorick
for
his
leacherous
life
,
he
was
forced
to
flie
,
and
visited
sundry
parts
of
Germany
:
thence
he
went
into
Italy
,
and
began
another
Abby
on
the
Appennine
Hills
beside
Bobium
in
Tuscany
.
Levin
also
tur
nd
many
to
the
faith
about
Ghent
and
Esca
.
Furseus
,
and
his
brother
Fullan
,
with
two
Presbyters
,
Gobban
and
Dicul
,
obtained
land
from
Sigebert
King
of
Essex
,
and
built
the
Abby
of
Cnobsherburg
:
and
passing
into
France
,
he
began
the
Abby
at
Latiniac
,
where
he
died
.
Diuma
was
ordained
first
Bishop
of
Mercia
,
where
he
converted
many
to
the
Faith
,
in
the
reign
of
the
Christian
Penda
:
and
for
his
rare
gifts
the
Bishoprick
of
Middlesex
was
committed
to
his
charge
,
unto
whom
succeeded
Cella
a
Scot.
Also
Florentius
went
to
Argentine
,
or
Strausburg
,
and
was
the
first
Bishop
thereof
:
he
opened
the
first
School
in
Alsatia
about
the
year
669.
Kilian
,
the
first
Bishop
of
Wortsburg
,
did
first
instruct
the
people
of
East
-
France
,
in
the
Christian
Faith
.
Anno.
668.
Colonat
a
Priest
,
and
Thomas
a
Deacon
,
followed
him
in
all
his
Travels
.
Burcard
succeeded
,
to
whom
King
Pippin
gave
a
Dukedome
:
and
from
thence
among
all
the
Bishops
of
Germany
,
onely
the
Bishop
of
Wortsburg
carieth
a
Sword
and
Priests
Gown
in
his
badge
.
Unto
these
Scots
John
Pappas
joyneth
some
Britans
,
as
Willibrod
Reformer
of
Frisia
;
and
two
brethren
Evaldi
,
the
one
Sirnamed
the
Black
,
the
other
the
White
.
John
Pappas
saith
they
converted
the
West-phalians
to
the
Christian
Faith
,
and
suffered
Martyrdome
near
Bremen
.
John
Bale
sheweth
their
Death
.
Pope
Agatho
sent
John
(
the
Arch-chaunter
of
St.
Peters
in
Rome
)
into
England
,
to
compose
the
difference
betwixt
Honoricus
and
Wilfrid
the
two
Archbishops
,
and
withal
to
deliver
them
the
Acts
of
Pope
Martin
the
first
,
and
to
teach
them
to
sing
the
Liturgy
according
to
the
custom
of
Rome
—
Benedictus
Biscopius
,
a
Nobleman
of
England
,
went
to
Rome
in
the
service
of
the
Church
;
and
brought
many
Books
into
the
Monasteries
of
Tinmouth
,
and
Wirmouth
.
The
first
Glass
in
this
Island
is
said
to
be
his
gift
.
Mark
what
Beda
saith
of
the
custom
in
those
dayes
:
Then
they
never
came
into
a
Church
,
but
onely
for
hearing
the
Word
,
and
Prayer
[
no
word
of
the
Mass
]
the
King
would
come
with
five
or
six
,
and
he
stayed
till
the
Prayer
was
ended
.
All
the
care
of
these
Doctors
was
to
serve
God
,
not
the
World
;
to
feed
Souls
,
not
their
own
Bodies
:
wherefore
in
those
dayes
wheresoever
a
Clerk
or
Monk
did
come
,
he
was
received
as
a
Servant
of
God
:
If
he
were
seen
journeying
,
they
were
glad
to
be
signed
with
his
Hand
,
or
blessed
with
his
Mouth
,
and
they
gave
good
heed
unto
the
words
of
his
Exhortation
.
And
on
the
Lord's
day
they
came
in
Flocks
to
the
Church
or
Monasteries
,
not
to
refresh
their
Bodies
[
nor
to
hear
Masses
]
but
to
hear
the
Word
;
and
if
any
Priest
entred
into
a
Village
,
incontinently
all
the
People
would
assemble
,
being
desirous
to
hear
the
Word
of
Life
:
for
neither
did
the
Priests
go
into
Villages
upon
any
other
occasion
,
except
to
Preach
,
or
visit
the
Sick
,
or
to
feed
Souls
.
At
that
time
the
Clergy
and
Monks
in
England
had
liberty
to
Marry
.
Then
Theodorus
,
who
succeeded
Deus-dedit
,
Bishop
of
Canterbury
,
brought
many
Books
thither
,
erecting
a
well-furnished
Library
,
and
teaching
his
Clergy
how
to
make
use
thereof
.
He
rigorously
pressed
Conformity
to
Rome
,
in
the
observation
of
Easter
;
and
to
that
purpose
a
Council
was
called
at
Hartford
;
here
Easter
was
setled
according
to
the
Romish
Rite
.
In
this
Synod
nine
other
Articles
were
concluded
of
,
as
Stapleton
hath
thus
Translated
them
out
of
Bede
.
Lib.
4.
c.
5.
-
I.
That
no
Bishop
should
have
ought
to
do
in
another's
Diocess
,
but
be
contented
with
the
charge
of
the
people
committed
unto
him
.
-
II.
That
no
Bishop
should
any-wise
trouble
such
Monasteries
as
were
Consecrated
,
and
given
to
God
,
nor
violently
take
from
them
ought
was
theirs
.
-
III.
That
Monks
should
not
go
from
one
Monastery
to
another
,
unless
by
the
leave
of
their
own
Abbot
;
but
should
continue
in
the
obedience
which
they
promised
at
the
time
of
their
conversion
,
and
entrance
into
Religion
.
-
IV.
That
none
of
the
Clergy
,
forsaking
his
own
Bishop
,
should
run
up
and
down
where
he
lists
;
nor
when
he
came
any
whither
,
should
be
received
without
Letters
of
Commendation
from
his
Diocesan
,
&c.
-
V.
That
such
Bishops
and
Clerks
as
are
strangers
,
be
content
with
such
Hospitality
as
is
given
them
,
and
that
it
be
lawful
for
none
of
them
to
execute
any
Office
of
a
Priest
,
without
the
permission
of
the
Bishop
in
whose
Diocess
they
are
known
to
be
.
-
VI.
It
hath
seemed
good
to
us
all
,
that
a
Synod
and
Convocation
should
be
Assembled
once
a
year
,
on
the
first
day
of
August
,
at
the
place
called
Clofeshooh
.
-
VII
.
That
no
Bishop
should
ambitiously
prefer
himself
above
another
,
but
should
all
acknowledge
the
time
and
order
of
their
consecration
.
-
VIII
.
That
the
number
of
the
Bishops
should
be
encreased
,
the
number
of
Christian
folk
daily
waxing
greater
.
-
IX
.
That
no
man
commit
Advoutry
,
nor
Fornication
;
that
no
man
forsake
his
own
Wife
,
but
for
onely
Fornication
,
as
the
holy
Gospel
teacheth
.
And
if
any
Man
put
away
his
Wife
,
being
lawfully
married
unto
him
,
if
he
will
be
a
right
Christian
Man
,
let
him
be
joyned
to
none
other
;
but
let
him
so
continue
,
still
sole
,
or
else
be
reconciled
again
to
his
own
Wife
.
This
Synod
Stapleton
calleth
,
the
first
of
the
English
Nation
,
that
is
,
whose
Canons
are
completely
extant
.
Theodorus
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
envyed
Wilfrid
Bishop
of
York
,
and
endeavoured
,
that
the
Diocess
of
York
might
be
divided
;
whereat
Wilfrid
being
offended
,
goes
to
Rome
,
and
in
his
passage
thither
,
by
a
Tempest
he
is
cast
on
the
Shoar
of
Freezland
in
Belgia
,
where
the
Inhabitants
(
as
yet
Pagans
)
were
by
his
Preaching
converted
to
Christianity
.
Returning
into
England
,
he
returned
not
unto
York
,
but
stayed
in
the
Pagan
Kingdom
of
the
South
Saxons
,
who
also
by
God's
blessing
on
his
endeavours
were
perswaded
to
embrace
the
Christian
Faith
.
These
South
Saxons
(
of
all
the
seven
Kingdomes
)
were
the
last
that
were
converted
to
Christ
,
and
yet
their
Countrey
was
next
in
situation
unto
Kent
,
where
the
Gospel
was
first
planted
.
Indeed
Edilwalck
their
King
was
a
little
before
Christened
by
the
perswasion
of
Wolpher
King
of
Mercia
(
who
was
his
God-father
,
and
at
his
Baptizing
gave
him
for
a
gift
the
Isle
of
Wight
,
&
Provinciam
Meanvarorum
in
Gente
occidentalium
Saxonum
)
but
his
Countrey
still
remained
in
Paganism
.
And
although
Dicul
a
Scot
,
with
six
others
,
had
a
small
Monastery
at
Bosenham
in
Sussex
,
yet
they
were
more
careful
of
their
own
safety
,
than
of
their
Neighbours
conversion
.
Wilfrid
builded
an
Abbey
in
Selsey
in
Sussex
,
he
taught
the
South
Saxons
the
craft
of
fishing
.
Cedda
the
Bishop
of
West
Saxons
died
,
and
his
Deacon
Wenfrede
was
his
successor
:
Soon
after
this
time
died
Wina
Bishop
of
London
,
after
whom
was
Bishop
Erkenwald
,
who
founded
the
Monasteries
of
Chertsey
in
Surrey
,
and
Barking
in
Essex
.
But
that
of
Chertsey
was
thrown
down
by
the
Danes
,
and
re-edified
by
Edgar
King
of
England
.
Then
Theodorus
kept
a
Synod
or
Council
of
Bishops
at
Hatfield
,
by
authority
of
which
Council
he
divided
the
Province
of
Mercia
,
that
Sexwolphus
then
ruled
alone
,
into
five
Bishopricks
;
that
is
,
one
to
Chester
,
the
second
to
Worcester
,
the
third
to
Lichfield
,
the
fourth
to
Cedema
in
Lindsey
,
and
the
fifth
to
Dorchester
.
Cadwallader
,
the
last
King
of
Wales
,
wearied
out
with
Wars
,
Famine
and
Pestilence
,
left
his
own
Land
,
and
with
some
small
treasure
fled
to
Alan
,
King
of
Little
Britain
:
He
was
the
last
King
of
the
stock
of
Britains
.
After
he
had
reigned
three
years
he
went
to
Rome
,
and
there
died
,
and
was
buried
in
the
Church
of
St.
Peter
,
with
this
Epitaph
upon
his
Tomb.
Culmen
opus
sobolem
pollentia
regna
triumphos
,
Eximias
proceros
moenia
castra
lares
,
Quaeque
patrum
virtus
,
&
quae
congesserat
ipse
,
Cadwald
armipotens
,
linquit
amore
Dei
.
The
which
verses
are
thus
Englished
by
Fabian
.
Fabian's
Chr.
part
.
5.
Abounding
riches
,
kinred
,
triumph
assured
,
Plenteous
wealth
,
with
clothes
richly
dyght
,
Houses
,
Castles
,
and
Towns
strongly
mured
,
And
other
honours
which
by
his
Parents
Might
,
And
his
own
,
this
Martial
vertuous
Knight
,
Cadwald
the
strong
,
descended
of
Knight's
blood
For
Christ's
love
renounced
all
his
good
.
About
the
year
692.
Ina
King
of
the
West
Saxons
,
set
forth
his
Saxon
Laws
,
translated
into
English
by
Mr.
Lambert
;
he
enacted
many
Laws
,
viz.
De
regula
vivendi
Ministrorum
Dei
;
de
Infantibus
baptizandis
;
de
censu
Ecclesiae
,
&c.
Anno
694.
a
great
Council
was
held
at
Becanceld
by
Withred
King
of
Kent
,
and
Bertuald
Archbishop
of
Britain
,
wherein
many
things
were
concluded
in
favour
of
the
Church
.
Five
Kentish
Abbesses
,
namely
Mildred
,
Ethelred
,
Aete
,
Wilnolde
,
and
Hereswide
,
were
not
onely
present
,
but
subscribed
their
names
and
crosses
to
the
Constitutions
concluded
therein
.
And
we
may
observe
,
that
their
subscriptions
are
placed
,
not
onely
before
and
above
all
Presbyters
,
but
also
above
Botred
a
Bishop
present
in
this
Council
.
There
was
likewise
a
Council
held
at
Berghamsteed
by
Withred
King
of
Kent
:
Then
Bishop
Wilfrid
was
removed
to
York
again
,
where
he
continued
not
long
,
and
being
thence
expelled
again
,
he
was
for
a
time
made
Bishop
of
Leicester
.
CENT
.
VIII
.
WIlfrid
was
troubled
by
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
he
appealeth
to
Rome
,
and
is
acquitted
;
he
is
at
last
restored
,
and
died
in
peace
in
the
LXXVI
.
year
of
his
age
,
having
been
45.
years
a
Bishop
,
and
was
buried
in
his
Monastery
at
Rippon
.
Camden's
Brit.
in
Wiltshire
.
The
Bishoprick
of
Sherborn
having
been
taken
out
of
the
Bishoprick
of
Winchester
by
King
Ina
,
Adelme
his
Kinsman
was
made
first
Bishop
thereof
.
This
Adelme
was
the
first
of
our
English
Nation
,
who
wrote
in
Latine
,
and
the
first
that
taught
our
English
Nation
to
make
Latine
verse
,
according
to
his
promise
.
Primus
ego
in
patriam
mecum
,
modo
vita
supersit
,
Aonio
rediens
deducam
vertice
Musas
.
If
life
me
last
,
that
I
do
see
That
native
soil
of
mine
,
From
Aon
top
I
'l
first
with
me
Bring
down
the
Muses
nine
.
He
wrote
many
Books
;
one
of
Virginity
,
another
of
the
Celebration
of
Easter
:
And
about
this
time
the
Libraries
of
Monasteries
began
to
be
replenished
with
Books
,
many
being
written
in
that
Age.
In
this
age
there
were
many
Saints
(
such
as
they
were
)
of
Royal
,
or
Noble
extraction
:
of
these
Noble
Saints
,
St.
Guthlake
,
a
Benedictine
Monk
,
was
the
first
Saxon
that
professed
an
Eremetical
life
in
England
;
he
was
a
Monk
in
the
Abbey
of
Repyndon
,
and
the
third
year
after
he
went
to
Crowland
,
that
is
,
the
raw
or
crude
Land
,
a
fenny
place
in
Lincoln-shire
,
and
there
led
for
a
while
an
Anchoret's
life
,
and
there
finally
was
buried
;
in
which
Isle
and
place
of
his
burying
,
was
built
a
fair
Abbey
.
About
the
year
709.
a
Synod
was
assembled
at
Alncester
in
Worcester-shire
,
to
promote
the
building
of
Evesham
Abbey
;
which
was
done
accordingly
,
and
the
same
was
bountifully
endowed
by
Offa
,
and
other
Mercian
Kings
,
with
large
revenues
:
And
not
long
after
,
another
Synod
was
called
at
London
,
to
introduce
into
England
the
doctrine
of
Image-worship
,
now
first
beginning
to
appear
in
the
publick
practice
of
it
.
Now
also
flourished
another
Noble-born
Saint
,
viz.
John
of
Beverley
,
Archbishop
of
York
,
a
Learned
Man
,
and
who
gave
the
education
to
one
more
Learned
than
himself
,
I
mean
,
Venerable
Bede
,
who
acknowledgeth
,
that
he
received
the
order
of
Priesthood
from
him
.
About
this
time
it
was
fashionable
for
Kings
and
Queens
in
England
,
to
renounce
the
World
,
and
turn
Monks
and
Nuns
,
commonly
in
Convents
of
their
own
Foundation
:
but
they
had
an
high
opinion
to
merit
Heaven
thereby
.
Among
the
Saxon
Princes
who
thus
renounced
the
World
,
in
this
and
the
next
Century
,
these
nine
following
were
the
principal
.
-
1.
Kinigilsus
,
King
of
West
Saxons
.
-
2.
Ina
,
King
of
West
Saxons
.
-
3.
Ceololfus
,
King
of
Northumberland
.
-
3.
Edbertus
,
King
of
Northumberland
.
-
5.
Ethelred
,
King
of
Mercia
.
-
6.
Kenred
,
King
of
Mercia
.
-
7.
Offa
,
King
of
East
Saxons
.
-
8.
Sebbi
,
King
of
East
Saxons
.
-
9.
Sigebert
,
King
of
East
Angles
.
Ina
builded
the
Abbey
at
Glastonbury
in
the
32
year
of
his
Reign
;
Sir
H.
Spe●m
.
in
conciliis
.
besides
his
bounty
to
other
Churches
,
he
bestowed
on
the
Church
of
Glastonbury
,
two
thousand
six
hundred
pounds
weight
,
in
the
Utensils
thereof
,
of
massy
Gold
and
Silver
:
He
was
the
first
King
of
this
Land
,
that
granted
a
penny
out
of
every
fire-house
in
England
to
be
paid
to
the
Court
of
Rome
,
which
was
called
long
after
Rome-scot
,
or
Peter-pence
,
and
was
to
be
paid
on
St.
Peters
day
.
After
this
he
went
to
Rome
in
Pilgrimage
,
in
the
fellowship
of
poor
Men
,
and
there
built
a
School
for
the
English
,
and
a
Church
adjoyning
to
it
to
bury
their
dead
.
But
Winnifrid
,
an
English
Man
,
about
this
time
converted
to
Christ
the
Provinces
of
Franconia
and
Hassia
in
Germany
.
About
the
same
time
flourished
Bede
,
a
Presbyter
in
the
Monastery
of
Weremouth
,
near
Durham
;
he
was
born
at
Girwy
,
now
in
the
Bishoprick
of
Durham
,
brought
up
by
St.
Cuthbert
,
and
was
the
profoundest
Scholar
of
his
Age
,
for
Latine
,
Greek
,
Philosophy
,
History
,
Divinity
,
Mathematicks
,
Musick
,
and
what
not
?
Homilies
of
his
making
were
read
in
his
life-time
in
the
Christian
Churches
,
a
dignity
afforded
to
him
alone
.
He
wrote
the
Ecclesiastical
History
,
and
dedicated
it
to
Ceolwolfus
King
of
Northumberland
:
He
is
generally
sirnamed
Venerable
,
and
is
still
accounted
worthy
of
that
Title
:
He
was
credulous
in
believing
of
false
Miracles
,
and
slipped
into
some
corruptions
of
the
times
,
as
Chrism
and
Confession
;
yet
,
even
in
these
,
he
differed
from
the
latter
times
.
In
the
Articles
of
positive
Doctrine
he
was
clear
:
He
did
observe
and
deplore
the
growing
corruptions
of
the
Church
;
for
in
an
Epistle
to
Ecbert
he
did
not
approve
the
specious
and
spacious
buildings
of
Monasteries
;
and
else-where
,
he
saith
,
Let
the
Reader
behold
with
tears
a
thing
worthy
of
tears
,
how
far
the
Church
slideth
daily
into
a
worse
,
or
(
to
speak
moderately
into
a
weaker
estate
.
He
wrote
many
Books
,
as
John
Bale
testifieth
:
He
lived
72
years
,
and
died
Anno
734.
At
that
time
began
the
general
viciousness
of
the
Saxons
,
occasioned
by
the
uncleanness
of
Ethelbald
,
King
of
Mercia
,
whose
unlawful
lust
made
no
difference
of
Places
,
or
Persons
,
Castles
,
or
Cloisters
:
Then
Boniface
an
English
Man
,
having
boldly
reproved
Ethelbald
,
for
Adultery
,
and
Tyranny
,
was
forced
,
by
that
King
(
who
sought
his
life
)
to
fly
to
Rome
,
from
whence
Gregory
the
second
,
Bishop
of
Rome
sent
him
into
Germany
to
convert
the
Saxons
.
He
caused
the
Monastery
of
Eulda
to
be
built
,
in
favour
of
the
English
,
and
was
slain
at
Borna
,
being
Bishop
of
Mentz
.
Afterwards
Ethelbald
reformed
himself
;
and
not
onely
so
,
but
with
Cuthbert
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
called
a
Council
at
Cliffe
in
Kent
;
the
Acts
of
this
Synod
were
31
Canons
,
four
whereof
I
shall
set
down
,
as
being
the
chief
.
-
I.
That
the
Priests
learn
,
and
teach
to
know
the
Creed
,
Lord's
Prayer
,
and
words
of
Consecration
in
the
Eucharist
,
in
the
English
Tongue
.
-
II.
That
the
Lord's
day
be
honourably
observed
.
-
III.
That
the
sin
of
drunkenness
be
avoyded
,
especially
in
the
Clergy
.
-
IV.
That
Prayers
be
publikely
made
for
Kings
and
Princes
.
King
Ethelbald
,
and
Offa
were
present
;
and
they
two
,
with
many
Dukes
and
Counts
,
confirm
the
Decrees
with
their
subscriptions
.
About
the
year
755
Kenulphus
,
King
of
West
Saxons
conferred
large
priviledges
on
the
Monastery
of
Abbingdon
in
Bark-shire
.
Anno
758.
Bodies
were
first
brought
to
be
buried
in
Churches
,
which
by
degrees
brought
in
much
superstition
.
In
the
year
789.
the
Danes
first
invaded
England
Danes
their
first
arrival
in
England
.
with
a
considerable
Army
.
The
landing
of
these
Danes
in
England
was
ushered
with
many
sad
Prognosticks
:
Stars
were
seen
strangely
falling
from
Heaven
,
and
sundry
terrible
flames
appeared
in
the
Skies
:
Serpents
were
seen
in
Sussex
,
and
blood
reigned
in
some
parts
of
this
Land
.
Lindesfern
,
or
Holy
Island
,
was
the
first
that
felt
the
fury
of
these
Pagans
,
but
soon
after
no
place
was
secure
from
their
cruelty
.
At
this
time
the
Archbishoprick
of
Canterbury
was
in
part
removed
to
Lichfield
,
by
reason
of
the
Puissance
and
Ambition
of
Offa
,
King
of
Mercia
,
commanding
in
chief
over
England
.
Ethelbert
,
King
of
the
East
Saxons
,
went
to
Marry
the
Daughter
of
Offa
,
and
Offa
perfidiously
caused
him
to
be
murdered
:
After
which
he
gave
the
tenth
part
of
all
that
he
had
unto
the
Church
,
and
several
Lands
to
the
Church
of
Hereford
;
and
then
he
went
to
Rome
,
and
there
confirmed
and
enlarged
,
to
Pope
Adrian
,
the
gift
of
Peter-pence
.
Then
was
the
corps
of
St.
Alban
in
pompous
manner
taken
up
,
enshrined
,
and
adored
by
the
spectators
:
Offa
being
at
Rome
,
procured
the
Canonization
of
St.
Alban
,
the
absolution
of
his
own
sins
,
and
many
murders
,
and
visited
and
endowed
the
English
Colledge
there
;
and
then
returning
home
,
he
Founded
the
Monastery
of
St.
Albans
,
bestowing
great
Lands
and
liberties
upon
it
,
as
freeing
it
from
the
payment
of
Peter-pence
,
Episcopal
jurisdiction
,
and
the
like
.
Next
year
Offa
died
,
and
was
buried
at
Bedford
.
Then
flourished
Alcuinus
,
or
Albinus
,
Scholar
to
Venerable
Bede
,
and
Tutor
to
Charles
the
Great
,
who
in
an
Epistle
written
to
him
,
calleth
him
Master
;
of
whom
Trithemius
give
's
this
character
,
R.
Hoveden
Annal.
part.
1.
Vir
in
divinis
Scripturis
eruditissimus
,
&
in
secularium
literarum
peritia
nulli
suo
tempore
secundus
.
He
opposed
the
Canons
of
the
second
Nicene
Council
,
wherein
the
Superstitious
adoration
of
Images
was
enjoyned
:
He
wrote
divers
Books
against
the
Errors
of
Felix
and
Eliphant
:
Felix
in
reading
them
,
wrote
a
Recantation
to
the
Presbyters
and
Deacons
of
his
Church
:
His
Books
de
Trinitate
are
written
so
clearly
,
that
Sixtus
Senensis
saith
,
they
were
written
by
John
Calvin
,
and
published
in
the
name
of
Alcuinus
;
but
Dr.
James
saith
,
that
ancient
Copies
thereof
were
in
the
Prince's
library
at
St.
James
,
and
they
were
Printed
at
Lions
,
Anno
1525.
when
Calvin
had
not
begun
to
write
.
Egbert
,
King
of
the
West
Saxons
in
the
year
800.
having
vanquished
,
Tho.
Cooper
.
Mercia
,
Kent
,
Essex
,
and
Northumberland
,
made
himself
sole
Monarch
of
England
,
and
fixed
the
supreme
Sovereignty
in
himself
and
posterity
.
For
,
though
afterward
there
continued
some
petty
Kings
,
as
Kenulph
,
King
of
Mercia
,
&c.
yet
they
shined
but
dimly
,
and
in
the
next
Age
were
utterly
extinguished
:
Egbert
commanded
this
Land
to
be
called
Anglia
,
and
the
Inhabitants
Angles
,
or
English
Men.
CENT
.
IX
.
ANno
801.
the
Archbishoprick
was
restored
to
Canterbury
,
at
the
instance
of
Kenulph
,
King
of
Mercia
.
Then
Ethelard
the
Archbishop
called
a
Synod
at
Clivesho
in
Kent
,
where
,
by
power
from
the
Pope
,
he
riveted
the
Archbishoprick
into
the
City
of
Canterbury
.
The
subscriptions
in
this
Council
were
the
most
formal
and
solemn
of
any
so
Antient.
There
was
likewise
at
Celichyth
an
eminent
Council
,
under
Wolphred
(
who
succeeded
Ethelard
)
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
.
King
Egbert
was
now
in
the
exaltation
of
his
greatness
;
but
the
Danes
beat
the
English
in
a
Naval
fight
at
Carmouth
in
Dorset-shire
,
which
proved
fatal
to
our
Nation
.
Hence
forward
these
Pagans
setled
themselves
in
some
part
of
the
Land
.
Anno
837.
Ethelwolph
,
his
Son
,
succeeded
his
Father
Egbert
in
the
Throne
;
a
valiant
and
devout
Prince
,
though
much
molested
by
the
Danes
all
his
life-time
.
About
the
year
855.
Ethelwolph
King
of
the
West
Saxons
,
summoned
a
Parlament
of
his
Princes
,
Nobles
,
and
Bishops
at
Winchester
,
in
the
midst
of
the
Danish
Wars
and
Invasions
,
to
consult
with
them
,
how
he
might
pacifie
God's
wrath
against
him
,
and
his
Realm
?
And
by
their
advise
and
assent
granted
the
Tithes
,
or
tenth
part
of
all
his
Lands
to
God
and
his
Ministers
,
free
from
all
secular
services
and
exactions
,
great
and
small
,
that
they
might
the
more
freely
pour
out
their
prayers
to
God
for
him
and
his
Realm
.
He
subjected
the
whole
Kingdom
to
the
payment
of
Tithes
;
he
was
the
first-born
Monarch
of
England
.
Indeed
before
his
time
there
were
Monarchs
of
the
Saxon
Heptarchy
,
but
not
successive
,
and
fixed
in
a
Family
,
but
fluctuating
from
one
Kingdom
to
another
.
Egbert
,
Father
to
this
Ethelwolph
atchieved
and
left
this
Monarchy
to
this
his
Son
;
not
Monarcha
factus
,
but
natus
,
and
so
in
unquestionable
Power
to
make
this
Act
obligatory
over
all
the
Land
,
saith
Fuller
.
King
Ethelwolph
the
next
year
went
in
Pilgrimage
to
Rome
,
and
confirmed
,
unto
the
Pope
,
his
Predecessors
grant
of
Peter-pence
,
and
(
besides
)
bestowed
upon
him
the
yearly
Revenue
of
three
hundred
Marks
,
thus
to
be
expended
.
1.
To
maintain
Candles
for
St.
Peter
,
one
hundred
Marks
.
2.
To
maintain
Candles
for
St.
Paul
,
one
hundred
Marks
.
3.
For
a
free
Largess
to
the
Pope
,
one
hundred
Marks
.
After
the
Death
of
King
Ethelwolph
,
and
his
two
Sons
Ethelbald
and
Ethelbert
succeeding
him
,
this
Land
was
in
a
sad
condition
,
though
in
a
worse
estate
under
the
reign
of
his
third
Son
,
being
harassed
by
the
Danes
.
About
sixty
years
since
the
West
Saxons
had
subdued
the
other
six
Kings
of
this
Nation
,
yet
so
,
that
they
still
continued
Kings
,
but
Homagers
to
the
West
Saxon
Monarchy
.
They
beholding
Ethelred
the
West
Saxon
King
,
embroiled
with
the
invasion
of
the
Danes
,
they
not
onely
lazily
looked
on
,
but
secretly
smiled
at
this
sight
.
Thus
the
height
of
the
Saxon
pride
and
envy
,
caused
the
breadth
of
the
Danish
power
and
cruelty
.
Anno
870.
the
Danes
made
an
inrode
into
Lincoln-shire
,
where
they
met
with
stout
resistance
:
The
Christians
had
the
better
the
first
day
,
wherein
the
Danes
lost
three
of
their
Kings
,
buried
in
a
place
thence
called
Trekingham
;
so
had
they
the
second
day
till
at
night
breaking
their
Ranks
to
pursue
the
Danes
in
their
dissembled
flight
,
they
were
utterly
overthrown
.
Theodore
Abbot
of
Crowland
,
hearing
of
the
Danes
approach
,
Shipped
away
most
of
his
Monks
,
with
the
choycest
Relicks
and
Treasures
of
his
Convent
,
and
cast
his
most
pretious
Vessels
into
a
Well
in
the
Cloister
.
The
rest
remaining
were
at
their
morning
praiers
,
when
the
Danes
entring
Slew
Theodore
the
Abbot
on
the
high
Altar
.
Asher
the
Prior
in
the
Vestiary
.
Lethwin
the
Sub-prior
in
the
Refectory
.
Pauline
and
Herbert
in
the
Quire
.
Wolride
the
Torch-bearer
in
the
same
place
.
Grimketule
,
&
Agamund
,
each
of
them
an
100
years
old
in
the
Cloisters
.
Then
the
Danes
marched
to
Medamstead
(
since
called
Peterbrough
)
where
finding
the
Abby-gates
locked
against
them
,
they
resolved
to
force
their
entrance
,
in
effecting
whereof
Tulba
,
Brother
to
Count
Hubba
,
was
wounded
almost
to
death
with
a
stone
cast
at
him
.
Hubba
enraged
hereat
,
killed
Abbot
Hedda
,
and
all
the
Monks
,
being
fourscore
and
four
,
with
his
own
hand
.
Then
was
the
Abby
set
on
fire
,
which
burned
fifteen
daies
together
,
wherein
an
excellent
Library
was
consumed
.
Having
pillaged
the
Abby
,
and
broke
the
Tombs
and
Coffins
of
many
Saints
there
enterred
,
these
Pagans
marched
forward
into
Camdridge-shire
,
and
passing
the
river
Nine
,
two
of
their
waggons
fell
into
the
water
,
wherein
the
cattle
which
drew
them
were
drowned
,
much
of
their
rich
plunder
lost
,
and
more
impared
.
The
Danes
spared
no
Age
,
Sex
,
condition
of
people
.
They
wasted
Cambridge
,
burnt
the
(
then
)
City
of
Thetford
,
forced
Edmond
,
King
of
the
East-Angles
,
into
his
Castle
of
Framlingham
.
They
took
,
him
,
and
because
he
would
not
deny
Christ
,
they
tyed
him
unto
a
Tree
,
and
shot
at
him
til
he
died
.
Then
they
cut
of
his
head
,
and
cast
it
among
the
bushes
.
His
own
Subjects
buried
him
both
head
and
body
at
Hatsedon
,
which
from
thence
was
called
,
St.
Edmonds-bury
.
There
after-ages
shrined
,
sainted
,
and
adored
his
Reliques
.
King
Ethelbert
behaved
himself
bravely
in
nine
Battles
with
various
success
against
the
Danes
,
and
the
more
he
slew
,
the
more
they
grew
,
which
went
neer
his
heart
,
therefore
he
withered
away
in
the
flower
of
his
age
,
desiring
rather
to
encounter
death
than
the
Danes
,
Guliel
.
Malmesbur
.
de
Gestis
Regum
Anglor
.
lib.
2.
according
to
the
observation
of
the
English
Historian
,
that
the
Saxon
Kings
in
this
age
,
magis
optabant
honestum
exitum
,
quam
acerbum
Imperium
.
In
this
sad
condition
God
sent
England
a
deliverer
,
namely
King
Alfred
or
Alured
,
fourth
son
of
Ethelwolph
by
the
Lady
Ogburgh
.
He
was
born
in
England
;
bred
in
Rome
,
where
,
by
a
Prolepsis
,
(
saith
Fuller
)
he
was
anointed
King
by
Pope
Leo
(
though
then
but
a
private
Prince
,
and
his
three
elder
brothers
alive
)
in
auspicium
futuri
regni
,
in
hope
that
hereafter
he
should
come
to
the
Crown
.
The
Danes
at
his
coming
to
the
Crown
,
had
London
,
many
of
the
in-land
,
more
of
the
maritime
Towns
,
and
Alfred
onely
three
effectual
Shires
Sommerset
,
Wiltes
and
Dorset
:
yet
by
God's
blessing
on
his
endeavours
,
he
got
to
be
Monarch
of
all
England
.
Anno
872.
In
the
beginning
of
his
reign
,
he
was
sorely
distressed
by
the
Danes
,
and
one
of
his
greatest
Courts
for
residence
,
was
an
Island
,
now
known
by
the
name
of
Athelney
in
the
County
of
Sommerset
,
in
the
Saxon
tongue
called
Aethelingarg
that
is
,
Nobilium
Insula
,
so
termed
by
reason
of
the
Kings
abode
,
and
the
concourse
of
his
Nobles
unto
him
:
in
this
place
he
lived
poorly
disguised
in
a
Cow-herds
house
.
Being
excellent
In
Musick
and
Songs
,
he
oftentimes
in
the
habit
and
posture
of
a
common
Minstril
,
did
insinuate
himself
in
the
Danist
Camp
,
where
his
plausible
cariage
and
skill
gained
a
freedome
of
access
and
passage
in
the
company
of
their
Princes
at
banquets
,
and
other
meetings
;
and
thereby
he
discovered
their
conditions
,
and
all
their
martial
counsels
and
designes
.
He
returneth
to
his
comfortless
company
,
and
unmasking
himself
and
the
Danish
designes
,
cheereth
them
up
,
and
with
a
refreshed
Power
and
strength
suddenly
issued
forth
,
and
gave
a
fierce
assault
upon
the
secure
Danes
:
he
slew
multitudes
of
them
,
and
enforced
the
remainder
to
a
shameful
flight
for
the
safe-guard
of
their
lives
.
In
this
Isle
Alfred
had
built
a
kind
of
Castle
,
or
Fortress
,
to
receive
him
and
his
Nobles
upon
return
from
their
Sallies
and
Encounters
during
his
Wars
in
those
parts
.
About
a
year
after
that
memorable
overthrow
,
viz.
Anno
879.
in
a
Battel
at
Kinwich
in
Devon-shire
,
Halden
,
and
some
of
the
chief
Leaders
of
the
Danes
,
received
their
death's
wound
,
and
ended
their
lives
;
hereupon
the
daunted
and
dispersed
Danes
humbly
present
their
termes
of
Peace
to
King
Alfred
with
Pledges
and
Hostages
,
that
they
would
either
depart
the
Land
,
or
become
Christians
,
which
was
accepted
by
him
.
Guthrun
,
their
new
King
,
upon
the
death
of
their
other
Leaders
with
thirty
Noble-men
,
and
almost
all
his
People
,
received
Baptism
in
the
new
Castle
of
Athelney
,
where
King
Alfred
was
Godfather
to
him
,
and
gave
him
the
name
of
Athelstane
;
and
upon
a
confederation
between
them
,
Alfred
did
assign
unto
him
the
Provinces
of
the
East-Angles
,
and
Northumberland
;
Vt
eas
sub
fidelitate
Regis
jure
haereditario
foveret
,
quas
pervaserat
latrocinio
;
that
he
might
enjoy
that
by
right
,
which
before
he
usurped
by
rapine
:
and
unto
the
new-baptized
Nobles
,
he
gave
many
large
and
rich
gifts
.
This
truce
,
or
league
,
was
about
the
ninth
year
of
his
Reign
,
and
thus
beginneth
,
Faedus
,
quod
Aluredus
,
Lamb.
Archai
fol.
49.
&
Gythrudus
,
Reges
,
ex
sapientum
Anglorum
,
atque
eorum
omnium
,
qui
orientalem
incolebant
Angliam
consulto
ferierunt
,
in
quod
praeterea
,
singuli
non
solum
de
seipsis
,
verumetiam
de
natis
suis
,
ac
nondum
in
lu●em
editis
(
quotquot
saltem
misericordiae
divinae
aut
Regia
velint
esse
participes
)
jurarunt
.
That
is
,
they
did
by
a
solemn
Oath
ratifie
this
League
,
as
well
for
themselves
as
for
those
that
were
then
born
,
and
unborn
,
that
would
be
partakers
of
mercy
from
God
or
the
King
.
Then
having
set
bounds
to
his
Dominions
,
certain
Comitial
Lawes
and
Ordinances
were
made
between
them
,
enlarged
and
amplified
by
their
Senators
.
Before
all
things
they
proposed
and
preferred
the
strict
and
holy
worshipping
of
Almighty
God
,
and
abandoning
all
barbarous
Idolatry
,
next
,
they
took
care
for
the
Enacting
,
Registring
,
and
Enrolling
of
Moral
Laws
,
for
containing
of
Subjects
in
their
several
duties
,
and
due
obedience
,
and
therefore
they
first
decreed
,
That
the
peace
of
the
Church
within
her
Walls
(
as
it
was
then
delivered
by
the
hand
of
King
Alfred
)
should
be
piously
and
inviolably
observed
.
They
proceeded
to
the
promotion
and
propagation
of
the
Christian
Faith
,
and
the
abolition
of
all
Paganism
,
and
Heathenish
Rites
;
for
coertion
of
Clearks
,
and
Men
in
Holy
Orders
,
if
they
committed
any
Perjury
,
Fornication
,
or
other
Offences
,
or
were
unconformable
in
the
celebration
of
Festival-days
,
times
of
Abstinence
,
or
other
Orders
and
Injunctions
of
the
Church
;
prohibiting
Merchandising
,
and
secular
Negotiations
upon
the
Lord's
day
.
In
all
which
the
Impositions
of
Penalties
and
Punishments
upon
an
English
Man
,
and
a
Dane
,
were
differenced
one
from
the
other
.
They
also
provided
for
the
exilement
of
Witches
,
Wizzards
,
common
Strumpets
,
and
other
lewd
Creatures
;
with
other
good
Laws
for
avoiding
of
Homicides
,
and
for
preservation
of
Peace
and
Government
,
and
maintenance
of
each
Man
's
right
of
property
in
this
their
National
commixture
.
This
adjured
League
quieted
the
Civil
discords
of
the
Danes
and
Saxons
for
the
space
of
four
years
,
until
the
twelfth
year
of
Alfred's
Reign
:
And
afterwards
the
continual
inrode
of
the
stragling
unbaptized
Danes
issuing
out
of
France
,
and
other
places
(
who
vexed
that
Eastern
part
of
the
Land
)
molested
this
good
King
untill
his
Death
.
This
King
divided
his
moveables
into
equal
portions
;
the
one
he
appointed
for
uses
Secular
,
and
divided
it
into
three
parts
,
one
for
his
Family
,
another
for
building
of
new
Works
,
and
a
third
he
reserved
for
strangers
:
The
other
half
he
dedicated
unto
uses
Ecclesiastical
,
and
divided
it
into
four
portions
;
one
for
relief
of
the
Poor
,
another
to
Monasteries
,
the
third
to
the
Schools
in
Oxford
,
where
he
had
erected
a
School
for
Grammar
;
another
for
Philosophy
,
and
a
third
for
Divinity
;
whereas
before
they
had
neither
Grammar
nor
Sciences
,
because
Pope
Gregory
I.
gave
in
command
,
that
Britain
should
have
no
Schools
,
for
fear
of
Heresies
,
but
onely
Monasteries
.
The
Regents
in
the
University
,
and
Readers
in
the
Divinity-School
,
were
Neoth
,
a
worthy
Divine
,
and
Grimbald
,
well-skilled
in
Divinity
:
In
Grammar
and
Rhetorick
,
the
Learned
Asserius
,
who
wrote
the
life
of
this
King
:
In
Logick
,
Musick
,
and
Arithmetick
,
the
Reader
was
John
,
a
Monk
of
St.
Davids
:
In
Geometry
and
Astronomy
,
read
John
a
companion
of
Grimbald
,
a
Man
Witty
and
Learned
;
at
which
Lectures
,
this
famous
King
Alfred
was
present
.
He
gave
many
pensions
to
Scholars
,
Learned
Men
in
all
Arts
,
to
instruct
his
Subjects
in
Religion
,
and
all
kinds
of
Learning
:
He
contributed
much
to
the
relief
of
distressed
Churches
without
his
Realm
:
He
protected
his
Realm
from
oppression
and
injustice
by
his
Sheriffs
,
Justices
,
and
other
Officers
,
whose
proceedings
he
frequently
examined
,
punishing
them
severely
when
they
had
judged
,
or
injured
others
contrary
to
Law
,
out
of
Malice
,
Corruption
,
or
Partiality
:
He
divided
the
Day
and
Night
into
three
parts
;
one
eight
hours
he
allowed
himself
for
Eating
,
Drinking
,
Sleeping
and
Recreation
;
another
eight
hours
he
spent
in
hearing
Causes
,
and
in
doing
Justice
;
and
the
rest
of
his
time
spent
in
Prayer
,
Reading
the
Scriptures
,
Meditation
,
and
other
pious
Exercises
.
And
for
the
instructing
his
Subjects
in
the
Holy
Scriptures
,
he
began
to
Translate
the
Psalmes
of
David
,
himself
,
into
the
English
Tongue
,
but
being
prevented
by
Death
,
did
not
finish
it
:
He
gathered
Psalmes
and
Prayers
together
into
a
little
Book
,
which
he
called
a
Manual
,
or
Hand-book
,
Bish.
Godwin
.
Catal.
which
he
always
caried
about
him
.
He
was
the
first
lettered
Prince
in
this
Kingdom
,
since
it
had
it's
denomination
of
England
,
and
was
disciplined
under
the
care
of
Plegmundus
,
a
Man
of
eminent
Parts
and
Learning
,
who
was
born
in
Mercia
,
and
from
the
solitary
life
of
an
Heremite
in
the
Isle
of
Chester
,
was
called
to
be
Tutor
to
this
Noble
Prince
.
A
little
after
his
Inauguration
to
the
Kingdom
,
he
had
the
comfortable
service
and
attendance
of
Werefridus
(
who
was
consecrated
Bishop
of
Worcester
on
Whitsunday
,
Anno
872.
)
for
at
his
command
he
Translated
the
Dialogues
of
Gregory
,
out
of
the
Latin
into
the
Saxon
or
English
Dialect
:
he
had
all
the
helps
,
advice
,
and
instructions
of
Plegmundus
,
his
Tutor
,
who
was
afterward
Consecrated
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
.
Asserius
(
as
himself
affirmeth
)
abode
with
the
King
in
his
Court
by
the
space
of
eight
Moneths
before
his
return
into
Wales
,
in
which
time
he
constantly
read
divers
Books
unto
him
:
for
it
was
his
custom
both
day
and
night
,
amidst
all
other
impediments
both
of
Mind
and
Body
,
to
be
ever
versed
in
reading
Books
himself
,
or
hearing
them
read
by
others
.
This
unparallelled
King
died
,
Anno
900.
after
he
had
reigned
29
years
and
six
moneths
,
having
fought
56
Battels
with
the
Pagan
-
Danes
.
His
Epitaph
is
the
Epitome
of
his
life
,
which
the
happiness
of
thankful
times
have
dedicated
to
him
as
a
Monument
of
his
eternal
fame
,
and
here
followeth
out
of
the
Works
of
a
Modern
Chronographer
.
Nobilitas
inimica
tibi
probitatis
honorem
,
(
Armipotens
Alfred
)
dedit
probitasque
laborem
,
Perpetuumque
labor
nomen
:
immixta
dolori
Gaudia
semper
erant
,
spes
semper
mixta
timori
,
&c.
Englished
by
Mr.
Flemming
.
Nobility
by
birth
to
thee
,
(
O
Alfred
)
strong
in
Armes
.
Of
goodness
hath
thy
honour
given
,
And
honour
toilsome
harmes
.
And
toilsome
harmes
an
endless
name
,
Whose
joyes
ere
alwayes
mixt
With
sorrow
,
and
whose
hope
with
fear
Was
evermore
perplext
.
If
this
day
thou
wast
Conqueror
,
The
next
day's
War
thou
dread'st
:
If
this
day
thou
wast
Conquered
,
To
next
day's
War
thou
spread'st
Whose
cloathing
wet
with
a
daily
swet
,
Whose
blade
with
bloody
stain
,
Do
prove
how
great
a
burden
't
is
In
Royalty
to
reign
.
There
hath
not
been
in
any
part
Of
all
the
World
so
wide
One
that
was
able
breath
to
take
,
And
troubles
such
abide
,
And
yet
with
Weapons
weary
would
Not
Weapons
lay
aside
.
Or
with
the
Sword
the
toilsomness
Of
Life
by
Death
divide
.
Now
after
labours
past
of
Realm
And
Life
(
which
he
did
spend
)
Christ
is
to
him
true
quietness
,
And
Scepter
voyd
of
end
.
In
this
King's
reign
flourished
Johannes
Scotus
,
Erigena
,
(
with
addition
sometimes
of
Sophista
)
born
in
Ireland
,
for
distinction
from
a
former
born
at
Melrose
,
and
another
in
the
XIII
.
Century
,
born
in
Duns
,
otherwise
called
Subtilis
:
he
was
a
man
of
pregnant
Judgement
,
wondrous
Eloquence
;
and
(
in
those
days
)
rare
knowledge
of
the
Greek
,
Chaldean
,
and
Arabian
Languages
.
He
wrote
a
Book
,
De
corpore
&
sanguine
Domini
,
against
the
Opinion
of
Carnal
presence
,
which
was
condemned
at
the
Synod
of
Vercelles
.
Bellarmine
Bellarm.
de
Euch.
lib.
1.
c.
1.
saith
,
This
man
was
the
first
,
who
wrote
doubtingly
of
this
matter
:
He
was
the
Counsellor
to
King
Alfred
,
and
Teacher
of
his
Children
,
afterwards
he
retired
to
the
Abbey
at
Malmesbury
,
Z●pper
.
de
Calum
.
haer●s
.
Berengar
.
where
his
disciples
Murthered
him
with
their
Pen-knives
,
being
enticed
thereunto
by
the
Monks
,
because
he
spake
against
the
carnal
presence
,
and
was
accounted
a
Martyr
,
as
was
recorded
by
William
of
Malmesbury
,
de
gest
.
Reg.
Ang.
lib.
2.
cap.
4.
CENT
.
X.
AT
this
time
there
was
no
Bishop
in
all
the
West
parts
of
England
:
Pope
Formosus
,
being
offended
hereat
,
interdicted
,
King
,
and
Kingdom
.
But
Pleigmund
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
posted
to
Rome
,
informing
the
Pope
,
that
Edward
(
called
the
Elder
,
the
Son
of
King
Alfred
)
had
,
in
a
late
summoned
Synod
,
founded
some
new
,
and
supplied
all
old
vacant
Bishoprickes
;
and
carying
with
him
honorifica
munera
,
the
Pope
turned
his
curse
into
a
blessing
,
and
ratified
their
election
.
The
names
of
the
seven
Bishops
which
Pleigmund
consecrated
in
one
day
,
were
,
Fridstan
Bishop
of
Winchester
,
Werstan
of
Shireburn
,
Kenulph
of
Dorchester
,
Beornege
of
Selsey
,
Athelme
of
Wells
,
Eadulfe
of
Crediton
in
Devon
,
and
Athelstan
in
Cornwall
of
St.
Petrocks
:
These
three
last
Western
Bishops
were
in
this
Council
newly
erected
.
A
Synod
was
called
at
Intingford
,
where
Edward
the
elder
,
and
Guthurn
King
of
the
Danes
,
in
that
part
of
England
,
which
formerly
belonged
to
the
East
Angles
,
onely
confirmed
the
same
Ecclesiastical
constitutions
which
King
Alured
had
made
before
.
King
Edward
remembring
the
Pious
example
of
his
Father
Alfred
in
founding
of
Oxford
,
began
to
repair
and
restore
the
University
of
Cambridge
;
Joh.
Rossius
in
lib.
de
Regib
.
for
the
Danes
,
who
kept
the
Kingdom
of
the
East
Angles
for
their
home
,
had
banished
all
Learning
from
that
place
.
This
King
Edward
the
elder
,
expelled
the
Danes
out
of
Essex
,
Mercia
,
and
Northumberland
.
At
that
time
the
authority
of
investing
Bishops
,
and
other
Ecclesiastical
Benefices
,
as
also
of
prescribing
Lawes
unto
Church-men
,
as
well
as
unto
the
Laity
,
was
in
the
power
of
the
King
,
not
of
the
Pope
:
but
the
Pope
would
be
medling
in
such
matters
by
way
of
Confirmation
.
Athelstan
,
his
Son
,
succeeded
King
Edward
,
being
much
devoted
to
St.
John
of
Beverley
,
on
whose
Church
he
bestowed
large
priviledges
.
Many
Councils
were
kept
in
this
King's
Reign
at
Excester
,
Feversham
,
Thunderfield
,
and
London
:
But
one
held
at
Greatlea
is
of
greatest
account
for
the
Lawes
therein
enacted
;
especially
that
concerning
the
payment
of
Tithes
,
which
is
thus
Written
;
I
Athelstan
King
,
Spelman
.
in
Concil.
p.
405.
by
advice
of
Viselm
my
Archbishop
,
and
of
other
Bishops
,
command
all
the
Prelates
of
my
Kingdom
,
in
the
name
of
our
Lord
,
and
of
all
the
Saints
,
that
first
of
all
they
,
out
of
my
own
things
,
pay
the
Tithes
unto
God
,
as
well
of
the
living
Beasts
,
as
of
the
Corn
of
the
ground
;
and
the
Bishops
to
do
the
like
in
their
property
,
and
the
Presbyters
.
This
I
will
,
that
Bishops
,
and
other
Head-men
declare
the
same
unto
such
as
be
under
their
subjection
,
&c.
He
ordained
,
that
in
every
Burrough
all
measures
and
weights
should
be
confirmed
by
the
Bishop's
advice
and
testimony
.
About
that
time
Hoel
King
of
Wales
,
made
a
Law
,
That
no
Church-man
should
be
a
Judge
in
Civil
affairs
.
Now
St.
Dunstan
appeareth
in
Court
,
born
at
Glastonbury
,
of
Noble
Parentage
,
yea
Kinsman
remote
to
Athelstane
himself
:
His
eminencies
were
Painting
and
Graving
;
an
excellent
Musician
,
and
an
admirable
worker
in
Brass
and
Iron
.
After
a
while
he
is
accused
for
a
Magician
,
and
banished
the
Court
.
But
after
the
Death
of
King
Athelstane
,
he
was
re-called
to
Court
in
the
Reign
of
King
Edmond
,
Athelstan's
brother
,
and
flourished
for
a
time
in
great
favour
;
but
his
old
crime
of
being
a
Magician
,
and
a
wanton
with
Women
,
being
laid
to
his
charge
,
he
is
re-banished
the
Court.
But
King
Edmond
being
slain
by
one
Leoff
a
Thief
,
Edred
his
Brother
succeeding
to
the
Crown
,
Dunstan
is
made
the
King's
Treasurer
,
Chancellor
,
Councellor
,
Confessor
:
Secular
Priests
were
thrust
out
of
their
Convents
,
and
Monks
substituted
in
their
rooms
.
But
after
Edred's
death
Dunstan
falls
into
disgrace
with
King
Edwin
,
his
Successor
,
and
being
expelled
the
Kingdom
,
flieth
into
Flanders
.
Mean-time
all
the
Monks
in
England
of
Dunstan's
plantation
,
are
rooted
up
,
and
Secular
Priests
set
in
their
places
.
Soon
after
many
commotions
happened
in
England
,
especially
in
Mercia
and
Northumberland
.
King
Edwin
died
in
the
flower
of
his
age
.
Edgar
succeedeth
him
,
and
recalls
Dunstan
home
,
Fuller
Church
History
.
who
hath
two
Bishopricks
given
him
,
Worcester
and
London
.
King
Edgar
gave
over
his
Soul
,
Body
,
and
Estate
,
to
be
ordered
by
Dunstan
,
and
two
more
(
then
the
Triumvirate
who
ruled
England
)
viz.
Ethelwald
Bishop
of
Winchester
,
and
Oswald
afterward
Bishop
of
Worcester
.
This
Oswald
was
the
man
,
who
procured
,
by
the
Kings
Authority
,
the
ejection
of
all
secular
Priests
out
of
Worcester
:
which
Act
was
called
Oswald's
Law
.
In
that
Age
Dunstan
being
made
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
Antonin
.
hist.
lit.
19.
part.
3.
ca.
3.
Secular
Priests
were
thrown
out
,
and
Monks
every
where
fixed
in
their
rooms
.
Many
did
dispute
,
and
preach
against
Dunstan
.
And
Alfred
Prince
of
Mercia
took
part
with
the
Priests
.
Fuller
makes
mention
of
a
fair
and
authentick
guilded
Manuscript
,
wherein
he
stileth
himself
God's
Vicar
in
England
,
for
the
ordering
Ecclesiastical
matters
,
a
Title
which
at
this
day
the
Pope
will
hardly
vouchsafe
to
any
Christian
Princes
.
Hoel-Dha
then
held
a
National
Council
,
for
all
Wales
,
at
Ty-quin
,
or
the
White
House
.
The
Canons
therein
were
wholly
in
favour
of
the
Clergy
;
enacting
this
amongst
the
rest
,
That
the
presence
of
a
Priest
and
a
Judge
constitute
a
legal
Court
,
as
the
two
persons
only
in
the
Quorum
thereof
.
There
were
then
seven
Episcopal
Seats
in
Wales
.
1.
S.
Davids
.
2.
Ismael
.
3.
Degenian
.
4.
Vsyl
.
5.
Teylaw
.
6.
Teuledauc
.
7.
Kenew
.
King
Edgar
died
peaceably
,
leaving
his
Crown
to
Edward
his
Son
,
whom
(
being
under
Age
)
he
committed
to
the
tuition
of
Dunstan
.
In
this
King's
reign
three
Councils
were
successively
called
,
to
determine
the
difference
between
Monks
and
Secular
Priests
.
The
first
was
at
Winchester
,
where
the
Priests
being
outed
of
their
Convents
,
earnestly
pressed
for
restitution
.
Polydor
Virgil
writes
,
that
in
the
Synod
it
was
concluded
,
that
the
Priests
should
be
restored
.
But
a
voice
was
immediately
heard
from
the
wall
(
as
coming
from
a
Crucifix
behind
Dunstan
)
saying
,
They
think
amiss
that
favour
the
Priests
.
That
was
received
as
a
Divine
Oracle
,
and
the
Priests
were
secluded
from
their
Benefices
and
Monasteries
.
A
second
Council
was
called
at
Kirtlington
(
now
Catlage
in
Cambridge-shire
)
but
to
little
effect
.
The
same
year
a
third
Council
was
called
at
Caln
in
Wilt-shire
,
hither
came
Priests
and
Monks
in
great
numbers
.
Beornelm
,
a
Scottish
Bishop
,
defended
the
cause
of
the
Priests
with
Scripture
and
Reason
.
But
on
a
sudden
Dunstan
by
his
Art
caused
the
Beams
or
Joists
of
the
Room
where
they
were
assembled
to
break
and
fall
:
Catal.
test
.
verit
.
many
were
wounded
;
most
of
the
Secular
Priests
were
slain
,
and
buried
under
the
ruines
thereof
:
only
Dunstan
was
safe
with
his
Chair
that
was
fixed
on
a
Pillar
.
So
the
controversie
was
ended
with
devilish
cruelty
.
It
appears
not
what
provision
was
made
for
these
Priests
when
ejected
.
King
Edward
went
to
Corff-Castle
,
where
at
that
time
his
Mother-in-Law
with
her
Son
Egelred
lay
;
and
by
her
contrivance
he
was
barbarously
murthered
as
he
was
drinking
on
Horse-back
,
and
was
buried
at
Wareham
:
and
Ethelred
,
Edward's
half-brother
,
succeeded
him
in
the
Throne
.
Dunstan
died
,
and
was
buried
on
the
South-side
of
the
high
Altar
in
the
Church
of
Canterbury
.
After
his
death
,
the
Monks
were
cast
out
of
the
Convent
of
Canterbury
,
by
reason
of
their
misdemeanours
.
Siricius
,
the
next
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
endeavoured
the
re-expulsion
of
the
Priests
,
which
by
Elfrick
his
Successor
was
effected
.
By
him
a
Sermon
was
appointed
to
be
read
publickly
on
Easter-day
before
the
Communion
.
The
same
Author
hath
two
other
Treatises
;
one
directed
to
Wolfsin
Bishop
of
Shirburn
,
and
another
to
Wulfstan
Bishop
of
York
,
about
the
Sacrament
.
Soon
after
,
the
Danes
by
a
firm
Ejection
outed
the
Monks
,
before
they
were
well
warm
in
their
Nests
:
Their
fury
fell
more
on
Convents
than
Castles
.
England
for
these
last
sixty
years
had
been
freed
from
their
cruelty
,
which
now
returned
more
dreadful
than
ever
before
.
These
Danes
were
also
advantaged
by
the
unactiveness
of
King
Ethelred
,
who
with
ten
thousand
pounds
purchased
a
present
Peace
with
the
Danes
.
The
multitude
of
Monasteries
invited
the
Invasion
,
and
facilitated
the
Conquest
of
the
Danes
over
England
.
Holy
Island
was
forsaken
by
the
fearful
Monks
,
affrighted
with
the
approach
of
the
Danes
:
and
Alhunus
,
the
Bishop
thereof
,
removed
his
Cathedral
and
Convent
to
Durham
,
an
Inland
place
of
more
safety
.
The
Danes
having
received
and
spent
their
Money
,
invaded
England
afresh
,
according
to
all
Wise
mens
expectation
.
CENT
.
XI
.
IN
the
beginning
of
this
Century
certain
Danes
fled
into
a
Church
at
Oxford
;
hoping
the
Sanctity
thereof
(
according
to
the
devout
Principles
of
that
Age
)
would
secure
them
.
But
by
command
from
King
Ethelred
,
they
were
all
burned
in
the
place
,
whose
blood
remained
not
long
unrevenged
.
The
Danish
fury
fell
fiercest
on
the
City
of
Canterbury
with
fire
and
sword
,
destroying
eight
thousand
people
therein
.
Swanus
the
Dane
tithed
the
Monks
of
S.
Augustine's
Abbey
,
killing
nine
by
cruel
torment
,
and
keeping
the
tenth
alive
for
slaves
.
They
slew
there
of
Religious
men
,
to
the
number
of
nine
hundred
.
And
when
they
had
kept
the
Bishop
Elphege
in
strait
prison
the
space
of
eight
months
(
because
he
would
not
agree
to
give
them
three
thousand
pounds
)
after
many
villanies
done
unto
him
,
at
Greenwich
they
stoned
him
to
death
.
Next
year
a
nameless
Bishop
of
London
was
slain
by
them
;
and
a
great
part
of
the
City
of
London
was
wasted
with
fire
.
The
Danes
burnt
Cambridge
to
ashes
,
and
harassed
the
Country
round
about
.
King
Ethelred
sent
his
Wife
Emma
,
with
his
two
Sons
,
Alfred
and
Edward
,
to
Richard
Duke
of
Normandy
,
which
was
Brother
to
the
said
Emma
,
with
whom
also
he
sent
the
Bishop
of
London
,
whither
also
himself
went
,
after
he
had
spent
a
great
part
of
the
Winter
in
the
Isle
of
Wight
,
whither
he
was
chased
of
the
Danes
.
Swanus
hearing
that
Egelred
was
departed
out
of
the
Land
,
imposed
great
Exactions
upon
the
people
;
and
among
other
he
required
a
great
sum
of
money
of
S.
Edmond's
Lands
,
which
the
people
there
claiming
to
be
free
of
all
King's
tribute
,
denied
to
pay
.
Hereupon
Swanus
entred
the
Territory
of
St.
Edmond
,
and
wasted
the
Countrey
,
threatening
to
spoil
the
place
of
his
burial
.
The
men
of
the
Countrey
fell
to
fasting
and
prayer
,
and
soon
after
Swanus
died
suddenly
,
crying
and
yelling
among
his
Knights
.
In
fear
whereof
Canutus
,
his
Son
and
Successor
,
ditched
the
Land
of
St.
Edmond
with
a
deep
Ditch
,
and
granted
to
the
Inhabitants
thereof
great
Immunities
,
quitting
them
from
all
Tribute
,
and
after
builded
a
Church
over
the
place
of
his
Sepulture
,
ordained
there
an
House
of
Monks
,
and
endowed
them
with
rich
possessions
.
After
that
time
,
the
Kings
of
England
when
they
were
crowned
,
sent
their
Crowns
for
an
offering
to
St.
Edmond's
Shrine
,
and
redeemed
them
afterward
with
a
condign
price
.
After
the
death
of
Egelred
,
great
contention
was
in
England
for
the
Crown
:
some
were
for
Edmond
Ironside
the
Son
of
Egelred
,
and
some
for
Canutus
.
After
many
bloody
Fights
,
both
parties
agree
to
try
the
quarrel
betwixt
them
two
only
:
in
sight
of
both
Armies
they
make
the
Essay
with
Swords
and
sharp
strokes
:
in
the
end
upon
the
motion
of
Canutus
they
agree
,
and
kiss
one
another
,
to
the
joy
of
both
Armies
,
and
they
covenant
for
parting
the
Land
during
their
lives
,
and
they
lived
as
Brethren
.
Within
a
few
years
a
Son
of
Edrik
Duke
of
Mercia
killed
Edmond
traiterously
,
and
brought
his
two
Sons
unto
Canutus
,
who
sent
them
to
his
Brother
Swanus
,
King
of
Denmark
,
willing
him
to
dispatch
them
.
But
he
abhorring
such
a
fact
,
sent
them
to
Solomon
King
of
Hungary
,
who
married
Edwyn
to
his
Daughter
,
and
soon
after
died
.
Edward
married
Agatha
the
Daughter
of
the
Emperour
Henry
the
Third
.
Swanus
King
of
Denmark
died
;
and
that
Land
fell
to
Canutus
,
who
anon
after
sailed
thither
,
and
took
the
possession
,
and
returned
into
England
,
and
married
Emma
,
late
Wife
of
Egelred
,
and
by
her
had
a
Son
called
Hardiknout
.
He
assembled
a
Parliament
at
Oxford
,
wherein
was
agreed
,
that
English
men
and
Danes
should
hold
the
Laws
made
by
King
Edgar
,
as
most
just
and
reasonable
:
He
established
Laws
Ecclesiastical
,
as
well
as
Civil
.
Canutus
went
on
pilgrimage
to
Rome
,
and
there
founded
an
Hospital
for
English
Pilgrims
:
He
shrined
the
body
of
Bernius
,
and
gave
great
Lands
to
the
Cathedral
Church
of
Winchester
:
He
builded
St.
Bennet's
in
Norfolk
,
which
was
before
an
Hermitage
.
Also
St.
Edmond's-bury
,
which
King
Athelstane
ordained
before
for
a
Colledge
of
Priests
,
he
turned
to
an
Abbey
of
Monks
of
Saint
Bennet's
Order
.
Two
of
his
Sons
succeeded
him
,
first
his
base
Son
,
called
,
from
his
swiftness
,
Harold
,
Harefoot
,
a
man
of
a
cowardly
disposition
.
He
reigned
but
four
years
,
and
the
Kingdom
fell
to
Hardiknout
King
of
Denmark
,
his
Brother
,
who
when
he
had
reigned
two
years
,
being
drunk
at
Lambeth
,
suddenly
was
stricken
dumb
,
and
fell
down
to
the
ground
,
and
within
eight
dayes
after
died
without
issue
of
his
Body
.
Thus
ended
the
Danish
Kings
:
which
Danes
had
vexed
and
wasted
the
Land
two
hundred
fifty
five
years
.
When
England
was
freed
from
the
Danes
,
they
sent
into
Normandy
,
inviting
over
Edward
the
Confessor
,
and
brother
to
King
Edmond
He
was
crowned
Anno
1045.
In
his
time
was
the
Law
made
which
concerned
the
King's
Oath
at
Coronation
.
Mathew
Paris
describes
the
Manners
of
the
Countrey
at
his
coming
thus
,
The
Nobles
were
given
to
gluttony
and
leachery
:
they
went
not
to
Church
in
the
morning
,
but
only
had
a
Priest
,
which
made
haste
with
the
Mass
and
Mattens
in
their
chambers
,
and
they
heard
a
little
with
their
ears
.
The
Clergy
were
so
ignorant
,
that
if
any
knew
the
Grammar
,
he
was
admired
by
them
:
most
men
spent
nights
and
dayes
in
carousing
.
In
his
dayes
England
injoyed
Halcion
dayes
,
free
from
Danish
invasions
.
The
Ecclesiastical
Laws
,
made
by
this
King
in
his
reign
,
were
.
-
I.
That
every
Clerk
and
Scholar
should
quietly
enjoy
their
goods
and
possessions
.
-
II.
What
solemn
Festivals
people
may
come
and
go
of
,
without
any
Law-suits
to
disturb
them
.
-
III.
That
in
all
Courts
where
the
Bishop's
Proctor
doth
appear
,
his
case
is
first
to
be
heard
and
determined
.
-
IV.
That
guilty
folk
flying
to
the
Church
should
there
have
protection
,
not
to
be
reproved
by
any
,
but
the
Bishop
and
his
Ministers
.
-
V.
That
Tithes
be
paid
to
the
Church
of
Sheep
,
Pigs
,
Bees
,
and
the
like
.
-
VI.
How
the
Ordal
was
to
be
ordered
for
the
trial
of
guilty
persons
by
fire
and
water
.
-
VII
.
That
Peter-pence
,
or
Rome-scot
,
be
faithfully
paid
to
the
Pope
.
This
King
is
reported
to
have
entailed
(
by
Heaven's
Consort
)
an
hereditary
vertue
on
his
Successors
the
Kings
of
England
(
only
with
this
condition
,
that
they
continue
constant
in
Christianity
)
to
cure
the
King
's
Evil.
In
this
King's
reign
lived
Marianus
Scotus
,
that
wrote
much
of
the
deeds
of
the
Kings
of
England
.
King
Edward
died
childless
.
Harold
the
Son
of
Earl
Godwin
succeeded
him
.
Indeed
the
undoubted
right
lay
in
Edgar
Atheling
,
Son
to
Edward
the
Outlaw
,
Grandchild
to
Edmond
Iron-side
King
of
England
.
But
he
being
young
and
tender
,
and
of
a
soft
temper
,
and
Harold
being
rich
and
strong
in
Knights
,
the
Nobles
chose
Harold
to
be
their
King
.
As
soon
as
he
was
crowned
,
he
established
many
good
Laws
,
especially
such
as
were
for
the
good
of
the
Church
,
and
for
the
punishment
of
evil-doers
.
Harold
was
slain
in
a
battel
near
Hastings
in
Sussex
,
and
William
Duke
of
Normandy
obtained
the
Crown
of
England
by
conquest
:
within
a
few
years
he
made
a
great
alteration
in
England
:
the
most
part
of
his
Knights
and
Bishops
were
Normans
;
and
many
English
with
Edgar
fled
into
Scotland
,
where
King
Malcolm
had
married
Edgar's
Sister
Margaret
.
They
incited
Malcolm
to
invade
England
,
and
he
entred
into
the
North
part
.
At
last
a
peace
was
concluded
,
and
a
Mark-stone
was
set
up
in
Stanmoor
,
as
the
mark
of
both
Kingdoms
,
with
the
Pourtraict
of
both
Kings
on
the
sides
of
the
Stone
.
Although
then
corruptions
crept
into
the
Church
by
degrees
,
and
divine
worship
began
then
to
be
clogged
with
superstitious
Ceremonies
,
yet
that
the
Doctrine
remained
still
entire
in
most
material
points
,
will
appear
by
an
Induction
of
the
dominative
Controversies
,
wherein
we
differ
from
the
Church
of
Rome
,
as
Fuller
in
his
Church-History
of
Britain
hath
observed
.
I.
Scripture
generally
read
.
Bed
.
Eccl.
hist
,
lib.
3.
ca.
5.
For
such
as
were
with
the
holy
Bishop
Aidan
,
either
Clergy
,
or
Laity
,
were
tyed
to
exercise
themselves
in
reading
the
holy
Word
,
and
in
singing
of
Psalms
.
II.
The
Original
preferred
.
Caradoc
.
in
Chron.
of
Cambridge
.
For
Ricemath
a
Britain
,
a
right
learned
and
godly
Clerk
,
Son
to
Sulgen
,
Bishop
of
St.
David's
,
flourishing
in
this
Age
,
made
this
Epigram
on
those
who
translated
the
Psalter
out
of
the
Greek
,
so
taking
it
at
the
second
hand
,
and
not
drawing
it
immediately
from
the
first
vessel
.
Ebreis
nablam
custodit
litera
signis
,
Pro
captu
quam
quisque
suo
sermone
latino
Edidit
,
innumeros
lingua
variante
libellos
Ebreumque
jubar
suffuscat
nube
latina
,
&c.
This
Harp
the
holy
Hebrew
Text
doth
tender
,
Which
,
to
their
power
,
whil'st
every
one
doth
render
In
Latine
tongue
with
many
variations
,
He
clouds
the
Hebrew
rays
with
his
translation
.
Thus
liquors
when
twice
shifted
out
,
and
pour'd
In
a
third
vessel
,
are
both
cool'd
and
sowr'd
.
But
holy
Jerome
Truth
to
light
doth
bring
,
Briefer
and
fuller
fetcht
from
the
Hebrew
Spring
.
III.
No
Prayers
for
the
dead
in
the
modern
notion
of
Papists
.
For
though
we
find
prayers
for
the
dead
,
yet
they
were
not
in
the
nature
of
propitiation
for
their
sins
,
or
to
procure
relaxation
from
their
torments
:
but
were
only
an
honourable
commemoration
of
their
memories
,
and
a
Sacrifice
of
thanksgiving
for
their
salvation
.
IV.
Purgatory
then
not
perfected
,
though
newly
invented
.
For
although
there
are
frequent
Visions
and
Revelations
in
this
Age
pretended
,
thereon
to
build
Purgatory
(
which
had
no
ground
in
Scripture
)
yet
it
stood
not
then
as
now
it
stands
in
the
Romish
belief
.
V.
Communion
under
both
kinds
.
For
Bede
relateth
,
that
one
Hildmer
,
an
Officer
of
Egfride
King
of
Northumberland
,
entreated
our
Cuthbert
to
send
a
Priest
that
might
minister
the
Sacrament
of
the
Lord's
Body
and
Blood
unto
his
Wife
,
that
then
lay
a
dying
.
And
Cuthbert
himself
immediately
before
his
own
departure
out
of
this
life
,
received
the
communion
of
the
Lord's
Body
and
Blood
.
So
that
the
Eucharist
was
then
administred
entire
,
and
not
maimed
as
it
is
by
the
Papists
at
this
day
.
And
though
the
word
Mass
was
frequent
in
that
Age
,
yet
was
it
not
known
to
be
offered
as
a
propitiatory
Sacrifice
for
the
quick
and
dead
.
King
William
to
testifie
his
thankfulness
to
God
for
his
Victory
,
founded
in
that
place
Battel-Abbey
,
endowing
it
with
Revenues
,
and
large
immunities
:
The
Abbot
whereof
(
being
a
Baron
of
Parliament
)
carried
a
pardon
in
his
presence
,
who
casually
coming
to
the
place
of
execution
,
had
power
to
save
any
Malefactor
.
The
Abby-Church
was
a
place
of
safety
for
any
Fellon
or
Murtherer
.
Here
the
Monks
flourished
in
all
abundance
till
the
dayes
of
Henry
the
Eighth
.
Then
Dooms-day
Book
was
made
,
containing
an
exact
survay
of
the
Houses
and
Lands
in
the
Kingdom
,
which
took
up
some
years
before
it
was
compleated
.
King
William
called
a
Council
of
his
Bishops
at
Winchester
,
wherein
he
was
personally
present
,
with
two
Cardinals
sent
from
Rome
.
Here
Stigand
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
was
deposed
,
and
Lanfrank
a
Lombard
substituted
in
his
room
.
Sir
John
Davys
in
his
Irish
report
.
A
learned
Lawyer
hath
observed
,
that
the
first
encroachment
of
the
Pope
upon
the
Liberties
of
the
Crown
of
England
,
was
made
in
the
time
of
King
William
the
Conqueror
.
For
the
Conqueror
came
in
with
the
Pope's
Banner
,
and
under
it
won
the
battel
,
which
got
him
the
Garland
,
and
therefore
the
Pope
presumed
he
might
boldly
pluck
some
flowers
from
it
,
being
partly
gained
by
his
countenance
and
blessing
.
Although
this
politick
Prince
was
complementally
courteous
to
the
See
of
Rome
;
yet
1.
He
retained
the
ancient
custom
of
the
Saxon
Kings
,
investing
Bishops
and
Abbots
by
delivering
them
a
Ring
and
a
Staff
,
whereby
without
more
ado
they
were
put
into
plenary
possession
of
the
power
and
profit
of
their
place
.
He
said
,
He
would
keep
all
Pastoral
Staves
in
his
own
hand
.
2.
Being
demanded
to
do
Fealty
for
his
Crown
of
England
unto
Pope
Gregory
the
Seventh
,
he
wrote
thus
unto
him
,
That
he
would
not
do
Fealty
unto
the
Pope
,
because
neither
had
he
promised
it
,
nor
did
he
find
his
Predecessors
had
performed
it
.
3.
This
King
would
in
no
wise
suffer
any
one
in
his
Dominion
to
acknowledge
the
Bishop
of
Rome
for
Apostolical
without
his
command
;
or
to
receive
the
Pope's
Letters
,
except
first
they
had
been
shewed
unto
him
.
And
although
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
by
his
own
Authority
might
congregate
Councils
,
and
sit
as
President
therein
:
yet
the
King
permitted
him
to
appoint
or
prohibit
nothing
,
but
what
was
according
to
his
own
will
,
and
what
the
King
had
ordained
before
.
4.
The
King
suffered
no
Bishop
to
excommunicate
any
of
his
Barons
,
or
Officers
,
for
Adultery
,
Incest
,
or
any
such
hainous
crime
,
except
by
the
King's
command
,
first
made
acquainted
with
the
same
.
This
King
gave
unto
the
Bishops
an
entire
Jurisdiction
by
themselves
to
judge
all
causes
relating
to
Religion
,
for
before
that
time
the
Sheriff
and
Bishop
kept
their
Court
together
.
He
granted
the
Clergy
throughout
England
Tithes
of
Calves
,
Colts
,
Lambs
,
Milk
,
Butter
,
Cheese
,
Woods
,
Meadows
,
Mills
,
&c.
Then
Thomas
a
Norman
was
preferred
to
the
Archbishoprick
of
York
.
Betwixt
Lanfrank
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
and
this
Thomas
,
there
grew
great
contention
for
the
Oath
of
Obedience
,
but
in
the
end
,
Thomas
subscribed
obedience
to
the
other
.
Then
it
was
decreed
,
that
York
for
that
time
should
be
subject
to
Canterbury
in
matters
appertaining
to
the
Church
:
so
that
wheresoever
within
England
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
would
hold
his
Council
,
the
Bishops
of
York
should
resort
thither
with
their
Bishops
,
and
be
obedient
to
his
Decrees
Canonical
.
Then
were
divers
Bishops
Seats
altered
from
Villages
to
great
Cities
;
as
of
Sealsey
to
Chichester
:
out
of
Cornwall
to
Exeter
:
from
Wells
to
Bath
;
from
Shirburn
to
Salisbury
;
from
Dorchester
in
Oxford-shire
to
Lincoln
;
from
Lichfield
to
Chester
;
which
Bishoprick
of
Chester
,
Robert
,
then
Bishop
,
reduced
from
Chester
to
Coventry
.
At
this
time
several
Liturgies
were
used
in
England
,
which
caused
confusion
,
and
much
disturbed
mens
devotions
.
A
brawl
happened
betwixt
the
English
Monks
of
Glastonbury
,
and
Thurstan
their
Norman
Abbot
,
in
their
very
Church
,
obtruding
a
Service
upon
them
which
they
disliked
:
eight
Monks
were
wounded
,
and
two
slain
near
the
steps
of
the
high
Altar
.
This
ill
accident
occasioned
a
settlement
,
and
uniformity
of
Liturgy
all
over
England
:
An
uniformity
of
Liturgy
all
over
England
.
for
hereupon
Osmund
Bishop
of
Salisbury
,
devised
that
form
of
Service
,
which
hereafter
was
observed
in
the
whole
Realm
.
Henceforward
the
most
ignorant
Parish-Priest
in
England
understood
the
meaning
of
,
Secundum
usum
Sarum
;
that
all
Service
must
be
ordered
;
According
to
the
course
and
custom
of
Salisbury
Church
.
King
William
brought
many
Jews
into
England
(
for
before
his
reign
I
find
none
in
this
Land
)
from
Roan
in
Normandy
;
and
setled
them
in
London
,
Norwich
,
Cambridge
,
Northampton
.
In
the
dayes
of
Lanfrank
,
Waltelm
Bishop
of
Winchester
,
had
placed
about
forty
Canons
instead
of
Monks
;
but
it
held
not
,
for
Lanfrank
cast
out
secular
Priests
,
and
substituted
Monks
in
their
rooms
.
He
also
contested
with
Odo
Bishop
of
Bayeux
(
though
half-Brother
to
King
William
,
and
Earl
of
Kent
)
and
in
a
legal
Trial
regained
many
Lordships
,
which
Odo
had
unjustly
invaded
.
Although
in
this
King's
time
there
was
almost
no
English-man
that
bare
Office
of
honour
or
rule
,
yet
he
favoured
the
City
of
London
,
and
granted
them
the
first
Charter
that
ever
they
had
,
written
in
the
Saxon
tongue
,
and
sealed
with
green
Wax
,
expressed
in
eight
or
nine
lines
.
King
William
died
in
Normandy
,
and
William
Rufus
,
his
second
Son
,
Anno
1088.
was
crowned
King
of
England
.
He
began
very
bountifully
;
to
some
Churches
he
gave
ten
Marks
,
to
others
six
,
to
every
Countrey-Village
five
shillings
,
besides
an
hundred
pounds
to
every
County
to
be
distributed
among
the
poor
.
But
afterward
he
proved
very
parcimonious
,
though
no
man
more
prodigal
of
never
performed
Promises
.
This
year
died
Lanfrank
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
after
whose
death
the
King
seized
the
profits
of
that
See
into
his
own
hand
,
and
kept
the
Church
vacant
for
some
years
.
He
kept
at
the
same
time
the
Archbishoprick
of
Canterbury
,
the
Bishopricks
of
Winchester
and
Durham
,
and
thirteen
Abbies
in
his
hand
,
and
brought
a
mass
of
Money
into
his
Exchequer
.
All
places
which
he
parted
with
,
was
upon
present
payment
.
He
quarrelled
with
Remigius
Bishop
of
Lincoln
,
about
the
founding
of
his
Cathedral
,
and
forced
him
to
buy
his
peace
.
And
without
a
sum
of
Money
paid
to
the
King
,
John
Bishop
of
Wells
could
not
remove
his
Seat
to
Bath
.
King
Rufus
coming
to
Glocester
,
fell
very
sick
:
hereupon
he
made
Anselm
(
the
Abbot
of
Beck
in
Normandy
)
one
of
eminent
learning
,
and
strictness
of
life
,
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
.
The
King
soon
after
sent
to
him
for
a
thousand
pounds
,
which
Anselm
refused
to
pay
.
Then
Herbert
,
Bishop
of
Thetford
,
removed
his
Episcopal
Seat
from
Thetford
to
Norwich
,
where
he
first
founded
the
Cathedral
.
Herbert
Bishop
of
Thetford
founded
the
Cathedral
at
Norwich
.
Then
died
Wolstan
Bishop
of
Worcester
,
an
English-man
born
,
a
mortified
man
.
Near
this
time
began
the
holy
War
.
Robert
Duke
of
Normandy
,
to
fit
himself
for
that
Voyage
,
sold
his
Dukedome
to
King
William
Rufus
for
ten
thousand
Marks
.
To
pay
this
money
King
Rufus
laid
a
grievous
Tax
over
all
the
Realm
,
extorting
it
with
such
severity
,
that
the
Monks
were
fain
to
sell
the
Church-plate
,
and
very
Chalices
,
for
discharging
thereof
.
And
when
the
Clergy
desired
to
be
eased
of
their
burdens
;
I
beseech
you
(
said
he
)
have
ye
not
Coffins
of
gold
and
Silver
for
dead
mens
bones
?
intimating
,
that
the
same
Treasure
might
otherwise
be
better
employed
.
At
this
time
there
was
contention
at
Rome
between
two
Popes
,
Vrban
and
Clement
the
Third
.
Rufus
took
part
with
Clement
;
but
Anselm
stuck
to
Vrban
,
and
required
of
the
King
leave
to
fetch
his
Pall
of
Vrban
.
All
the
rest
of
the
Bishops
were
against
him
.
Mean-while
the
King
had
sent
two
Messengers
to
the
Pope
for
the
Pall
,
who
returned
,
and
brought
with
them
Gualter
Bishop
of
Alban
,
the
Pope's
Legate
,
with
the
Pall
to
be
given
to
Anselm
.
Which
Legate
so
perswaded
the
King
,
that
Vrban
was
received
Pope
through
the
whole
Land
.
But
afterwards
grew
great
displeasure
betwixt
them
,
so
that
Anselm
went
to
appear
to
Rome
,
where
he
remained
in
exile
;
and
the
King
seized
all
his
Goods
and
Lands
into
his
own
Coffers
.
Vrban
gave
unto
Anselm
the
Archbishops
Pall
,
thereby
voiding
the
Investiture
which
he
received
from
King
William
,
and
obliging
him
there-after
to
depend
on
him
:
as
also
he
did
,
whereat
the
King
incensed
,
interdicted
to
Anselm
his
entry
into
England
,
confiscated
the
Lands
of
the
Archbishoprick
,
and
declared
,
that
his
Bishops
held
their
Places
and
Estates
merely
from
him
,
and
were
not
subject
unto
the
Pope
for
the
same
.
To
which
all
the
Bishops
of
England
subscribed
:
neither
did
any
of
them
contradict
it
,
but
the
onely
Bishop
of
Rochester
,
as
a
Suffragan
to
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
.
By
the
intervention
of
Friends
Anselm
made
his
peace
:
But
being
returned
into
England
,
he
soon
after
began
to
disswade
the
Clergy
from
receiving
Investitures
from
the
King
;
wherefore
he
was
forced
again
to
fly
out
of
the
Kingdom
,
and
his
estate
was
again
seized
upon
and
confiscated
,
of
which
he
had
obteined
restitution
at
his
return
.
King
William
the
Conqueror
had
made
the
new-forrest
in
Hant-shire
,
with
a
great
devastation
of
Towns
and
Churches
,
the
place
(
as
Fuller
saith
)
being
turned
into
a
Wilderness
for
Men
,
and
a
Paradise
for
Deer
.
King
Ruffus
hunting
in
this
Forrest
,
was
here
slain
by
the
glancing
of
an
arrow
,
shot
by
Sir
Walter
Tirrell
,
and
was
buried
at
Winchester
.
He
gave
to
the
Monks
,
called
De
Charitate
,
the
great
new
Church
of
S.
Saviours
in
Bermondsey
,
with
the
Manor
thereof
,
as
also
of
Charleton
in
Kent
.
Henry
Beaucleark
his
Brother
,
succeeded
him
in
the
throne
,
being
one
of
the
profoundest
Scholars
,
and
most
politick
Princes
in
his
generation
.
To
ingratiate
himself
to
the
English
,
he
instantly
and
actually
repealed
the
cruel
Norman
Lawes
,
the
good
and
gentle
Laws
of
King
Edward
the
Confessor
he
reduced
,
with
correction
of
them
:
Anselm
from
exile
was
speedily
recalled
,
and
to
his
Church
,
Lands
,
and
Goods
,
was
fully
restored
.
The
late
King
's
extorting
Publicanes
(
whereof
Ranulph
Flambard
,
Bishop
of
Durham
,
the
principal
)
were
imprisoned
,
the
Court-corruption
reformed
;
Adultery
(
then
grown
common
)
severely
punished
.
CENT
.
XII
.
KIng
Henry
was
Married
to
Mawd
,
Daughter
to
Malcolm
King
of
Scots
,
who
lived
sometime
as
a
Nun
under
the
tuition
of
Christian
her
Aunt
,
Abbess
of
Wilton
:
She
was
Sister
to
Edgar
Atheling
,
and
Grand-child
of
Edmond
Iron-side
,
whereby
his
Issue
might
merely
be
both
of
the
English
Blood
,
and
of
the
Ancient
Saxon
Kings
.
Anselm
summoneth
a
Council
at
Westminster
,
where
first
he
Excommunicated
all
Married
Priests
;
half
the
Clergy
at
that
time
being
Married
,
or
the
Sons
of
Married
Priests
:
he
also
inhibited
all
Lay-men
to
hear
their
Masses
.
He
also
deprived
many
great
Prelates
of
their
promotions
,
because
they
had
accepted
their
Investitures
from
the
King
,
which
was
done
by
receiving
of
a
Pastoral
Staffe
and
a
Ring
,
an
Ancient
rite
,
testifying
that
their
Donation
was
from
their
Sovereign
:
in
which
number
were
the
Abbots
of
Ely
,
of
Romsey
,
of
Pershore
,
of
St.
Edmonds
,
of
Tavestock
,
Peterborough
,
Burch
,
Bodiac
,
Stoke
,
and
Middleton
:
for
which
his
boldness
,
and
for
refusing
to
Consecrate
certain
Bishops
advanced
by
the
King
,
great
contention
fell
betwixt
them
:
and
Anselm
appealed
to
Pope
Paschal
,
and
soon
after
fled
to
Rome
.
Hereupon
the
King
enjoyned
Gerard
Archbishop
of
York
to
Consecrate
William
of
Winchester
,
Roger
of
Hereford
,
&c.
But
William
Bishop
of
Winchester
refused
Consecration
from
the
Archbishop
of
York
,
and
resigned
his
Staff
and
Ring
back
again
to
the
King
as
illegally
from
him
.
This
discomposed
all
the
rest
.
But
not
long
after
by
the
mediation
of
Friends
the
King
and
Anselm
are
reconciled
;
the
King
disclaiming
his
right
of
Investiture
.
And
now
Anselm
who
formerly
refused
,
consecrated
all
the
Bishops
of
vacant
Sees
.
Then
did
Anselm
forbid
the
Priests
Marriage
.
But
Anselm
died
before
he
could
finish
his
project
of
Priests
divorces
.
His
two
next
Successors
,
Rodulphus
and
William
Corbel
,
went
on
vigorously
with
the
design
,
but
met
with
many
and
great
obstructions
:
Other
Bishops
found
the
like
opposition
,
but
chiefly
the
Bishop
of
Norwich
,
whose
obstinate
Clergy
would
keep
their
Wives
in
defiance
of
his
endeavours
against
them
.
But
they
were
forced
to
forgo
their
Wives
.
Among
those
Married
Priests
there
was
one
Ealphegus
flourishing
for
Learning
and
Piety
;
he
resided
at
Plymouth
in
Devon-shire
To
order
the
refractory
Married
Clergy
,
the
Bishops
were
fain
to
call
in
the
aid
of
the
Pope
.
John
Bishop
of
Cremona
,
an
Italian
Cardinal
,
did
urge
the
single
Life
of
the
Clergy
,
and
said
,
It
is
a
vile
crime
,
that
a
Man
rising
from
the
side
of
his
Concubine
,
should
consecrate
the
Body
of
Christ
.
The
same
Night
he
was
taken
in
bed
with
a
Whore
,
after
he
had
spoken
those
words
in
a
Synod
at
London
.
The
thing
was
so
notorious
,
that
it
could
not
be
denied
,
saith
Matthew
Paris
.
This
much
advantaged
the
reputation
of
Married
Priests
:
The
King
taking
a
fine
of
Married
Priests
,
permitted
them
to
enjoy
their
Wives
.
About
this
time
the
old
Abbey
of
Ely
was
advanced
into
a
new
Bishoprick
,
and
Cambridge-shire
assigned
for
it's
Diocess
,
taken
from
the
Bishoprick
of
Lincoln
.
Spaldwick
Manor
in
Huntington-shire
was
given
to
Lincoln
,
in
reparation
of
the
jurisdiction
taken
from
it
,
and
bestowed
on
Ely
.
One
Hervey
,
who
had
been
banished
by
the
Welch
from
the
poor
Bishoprick
of
Bangor
,
was
made
the
first
Bishop
of
Ely
.
Hervey
,
the
first
Bishop
of
Ely
.
King
Henry
bestowed
great
Priviledges
upon
that
Bishoprick
.
Then
Bernard
,
Chaplain
to
the
King
,
and
Chancellor
to
the
Queen
,
was
the
first
Norman
,
made
Bishop
of
St.
Davids
;
who
soon
denied
subjection
to
Canterbury
,
and
would
be
an
absolute
Archbishop
of
himself
:
But
William
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
aided
by
the
Pope
,
at
last
forced
the
Bishop
of
St.
Davids
to
a
submission
.
King
Henry
died
at
the
Town
of
St.
Denys
in
Normandy
of
a
surfeit
by
eating
of
Lampreys
.
He
was
buried
at
Reading
in
Bark-shire
in
the
Abbey
that
himself
had
there
founded
and
endowed
with
large
possessions
.
Stephen
,
Earl
of
Bologn
,
hearing
of
King
Henrie's
Death
,
hasteth
over
into
England
,
and
seizeth
on
the
Crown
.
He
was
Son
to
Adela
,
Daughter
to
King
William
the
Conqueror
;
but
Mawd
first
Married
to
Henry
the
Emperor
of
Germany
,
was
the
undoubted
heir
of
the
Crown
.
She
was
constantly
called
the
Empress
after
the
Death
of
the
Emperor
,
though
Married
to
Geoffery
Plantagenet
,
her
second
Husband
.
Unto
her
all
the
Clergy
,
and
Nobility
had
sworn
fealty
in
her
Father's
life-time
.
William
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
notwithstanding
his
Oath
to
Mawd
,
solemnly
Crowned
Stephen
,
shewing
himself
thereby
perjured
to
his
God
,
disloyal
to
his
Princess
,
and
ingrateful
to
his
Patroness
,
by
whose
special
favour
he
had
been
preserved
.
The
rest
of
the
Bishops
(
to
their
shame
)
followed
his
example
,
hoping
to
obtain
from
an
Usurper
,
what
they
could
not
get
from
a
Lawful
King
,
traiterously
avowing
,
That
it
was
baseness
for
so
many
,
and
so
great
Peers
to
be
subject
to
a
Woman
.
King
Stephen
sealed
a
Charter
at
Oxford
,
Anno
1136.
the
Tenor
whereof
is
,
That
all
Liberties
,
Customs
,
Speeds
Chron.
and
Possessions
granted
to
the
Church
,
should
be
firm
and
in
force
;
That
all
Persons
and
Causes
Ecclesiastical
,
should
appertain
onely
to
Ecclesiastical
Judicature
,
That
none
but
Clergy-men
should
ever
intermeddle
with
the
Vacancies
of
Churches
,
or
any
Church-mens
goods
;
That
all
bad
usages
in
the
Land
touching
Forrests
,
Exactions
,
&c.
should
be
utterly
extirpate
,
the
antient
Laws
restored
,
&c.
The
Clergy
perceiving
that
King
Stephen
performed
little
of
his
large
promises
to
them
,
were
not
formerly
so
forward
in
setting
him
up
,
but
now
more
ready
to
pluck
him
down
,
and
sided
effectually
with
Mawd
against
him
.
Stephen
fell
violently
on
the
Bishops
,
who
then
were
most
powerful
in
the
Land
:
He
imprisoned
Roger
Bishop
of
Sarisbury
,
till
he
had
surrendered
unto
him
the
two
Castles
of
Shirburn
,
and
the
Devizes
,
for
the
which
Roger
took
such
thought
,
that
he
died
shortly
after
,
and
left
in
ready
Coin
forty
thousand
Marks
,
which
after
his
Death
came
to
the
King's
Coffers
:
he
also
uncastled
Alexander
of
Lincoln
,
and
Nigellus
of
Ely
,
taking
a
great
Mass
of
Treasure
from
them
.
The
Dean
and
Canons
of
Pauls
,
for
crossing
him
in
the
choice
of
their
Bishop
,
tasted
of
his
fury
,
for
he
took
their
Focariaes
,
and
cast
them
into
the
Tower
of
London
,
where
they
continued
many
dayes
,
till
at
last
their
liberty
was
purchased
by
the
Canons
at
a
great
price
.
Roger
Hoveden
tells
us
plainly
,
that
these
Focariae
were
those
Canons
Concubines
.
See
here
the
fruit
of
forbidding
Marriage
to
the
Clergy
,
against
the
Law
of
God
and
Nature
.
Albericus
,
Bishop
of
Hostia
,
was
sent
by
Pope
Innocent
into
England
,
called
a
Synod
at
Westminster
,
where
18
Bishops
,
and
thirty
Abbots
met
together
.
Here
was
concluded
,
That
no
Priest
,
Deacon
,
Fuller
.
Church
History
.
or-sub-deacon
,
should
hold
a
Wife
or
Woman
within
his
House
,
under
pain
of
degrading
from
his
Christendom
,
and
plain
sending
to
Hell
.
That
no
Priest's
Son
should
claim
any
Spiritual
Living
by
heritage
.
That
none
should
take
a
Benefice
of
any
Lay-man
.
That
none
should
be
admitted
to
Cure
,
which
had
not
the
letters
of
his
Orders
.
That
Priests
should
do
no
bodily
labour
.
And
that
their
Transubstantiated
God
should
dwell
but
eight
dayes
in
the
Box
,
for
fear
of
worm-eating
,
moulding
,
or
stinking
.
In
this
Synod
Theobald
,
Abbot
of
Becco
was
chosen
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
in
the
place
of
William
lately
Deceased
.
The
most
considerable
Clergy-man
of
England
in
this
Age
,
for
Birth
,
Wealth
,
and
Learning
,
was
Henry
of
Blois
,
Bishop
of
Winchester
,
and
Brother
to
King
Stephen
.
He
was
made
by
the
Pope
his
Legat
for
Britain
.
In
this
Council
,
where
William
of
Malmesbury
was
present
,
there
were
three
parties
assembled
with
their
attendance
.
1.
Roger
of
Sarisbury
,
with
the
rest
of
the
Bishops
,
grievously
complaining
of
their
Castles
taken
from
them
.
2.
Henry
Bishop
of
Winchester
,
the
Pope's
Legat
,
and
President
of
the
Council
:
with
Theobald
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
pretending
to
Umpire
matters
moderately
.
3.
Hugh
Archbishop
of
Roan
,
and
Aubery
de
Vere
(
Ancestor
to
the
Earl
of
Oxford
)
as
Advocate
for
King
Stephen
.
This
Aubery
de
Vere
was
Learned
in
the
Laws
,
being
charactered
by
my
Author
,
Homo
causarum
varietatibus
exercitatus
,
a
man
well
versed
in
the
windings
of
Causes
.
This
Synod
brake
up
without
any
extraordinary
matter
effected
:
For
soon
after
Queen
Mawd
came
with
her
Navy
and
Army
out
of
Normandy
,
which
turned
Debates
into
Deeds
,
and
Consultations
into
Actions
.
There
were
many
Religious
Foundations
built
and
endowed
in
the
troublesom
Reign
of
King
Stephen
;
not
to
speak
of
the
Monastery
of
St.
Mary
de
Pratis
founded
by
Robert
Earl
of
Leicester
,
and
many
others
of
this
time
;
the
goodly
Hospital
of
St.
Katherines
nigh
London
,
was
founded
by
Mawd
,
Wife
to
King
Stephen
.
So
stately
was
the
Quire
of
this
Hospital
,
that
it
was
not
much
inferior
to
that
of
St.
Pauls
in
London
,
when
taken
down
in
the
dayes
of
Queen
Elizabeth
,
by
Doctor
Thomas
Wilson
,
the
Master
thereof
,
and
Secretary
of
State
:
Yea
King
Stephen
himself
erected
St.
Stephen's
Chappel
in
Westminster
.
He
built
also
the
Cistertians
Monastery
in
Feversham
,
with
an
Hospital
near
the
West-gate
in
York
.
The
King
earnestly
urged
Theobald
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
to
Crown
his
Son
Eustace
.
But
Theobald
stoutly
refused
,
though
proscribed
for
the
same
,
and
forced
to
fly
the
Land
,
till
after
some
time
he
was
reconciled
to
the
King
.
Eustace
the
King's
Son
died
of
a
Frenzy
,
as
going
to
plunder
the
Lands
of
Bury-Abbey
.
Hereupon
an
agreement
was
made
between
King
Stephen
,
and
Henry
Duke
of
Normandy
,
Son
of
Mawd
the
Empress
,
the
former
holding
the
Crown
during
his
Life
,
and
after
his
Death
setling
the
same
on
Henry
,
his
adopted
Son
and
Successor
.
Platina
in
Adriano
.
IV.
At
this
time
Nicholas
Breakspear
,
an
English-man
,
born
near
Vxbridge
,
came
to
be
Pope
,
called
Adrian
the
fourth
;
he
was
not
inferior
to
Hildebrand
in
Pride
.
Shortly
after
he
had
Excomunicated
the
Emperor
,
he
walked
with
his
Cardinals
,
to
refresh
himself
,
in
the
Fields
of
Anagnia
;
and
coming
to
a
Spring
of
Water
he
would
taste
of
it
;
and
with
the
Water
a
Fly
entreth
into
his
Throat
,
and
choaketh
him
.
In
the
latter
end
of
his
Dayes
he
was
wont
to
say
,
There
is
not
a
more
wretched
Life
than
to
be
Pope
.
To
come
into
the
seat
of
St.
Peter
by
Ambition
,
Matth.
Par●●
.
is
not
to
succeed
Peter
in
Feeding
the
Flock
,
but
unto
Romulus
in
Paracide
;
seeing
that
Seat
is
never
obtained
without
some
Brother's
Blood
.
King
Stephen
died
,
and
was
buried
with
his
Son
and
Wife
at
Feversham
in
Kent
,
in
a
Monastery
which
himself
had
Erected
.
At
the
Demolishing
whereof
,
some
to
gain
the
Lead
wherein
he
was
wrapped
,
cast
his
Corpse
into
the
Sea
.
King
Henry
the
second
succeeded
him
;
a
Prince
Wise
,
Valiant
,
and
generally
Fortunate
.
He
presently
chose
a
Privy-Counsel
of
Clergy
and
Temporalty
,
and
refined
the
Common
Laws
:
yea
toward
the
latter
end
of
his
Reign
began
the
use
of
our
Itinerant
Judges
.
He
parcelled
England
into
six
divisions
,
and
appointed
three
Judges
to
every
Circuit
.
He
razed
most
of
the
Castles
of
England
to
the
ground
,
the
Bishops
being
then
the
greatest
Traders
in
those
Fortifications
.
He
disclaimed
all
the
Authority
of
the
Pope
,
refused
to
pay
Peter-pence
,
and
interdicted
all
Appeals
to
Rome
.
At
that
time
Phil●p
de
Brok
,
a
Canon
of
Bedford
,
was
questioned
for
Murther
;
he
used
reproachful
speeches
to
the
King's
Justices
,
for
which
he
was
Censured
;
and
the
Judges
complained
unto
the
King
,
that
there
were
many
Robberies
,
and
Rapes
,
and
Murthers
,
to
the
number
of
an
hundred
,
committed
within
the
Realm
by
Church-men
.
Thomas
Becket
,
Doctor
of
Canon-law
,
was
by
the
King
made
Lord
Chancellor
of
England
.
Four
years
after
upon
the
Death
of
Theobald
,
Becket
was
made
by
the
King
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
.
Anno
1160.
Thirty
Teachers
come
from
Germany
into
England
,
and
taught
the
right
use
of
Baptism
,
and
the
Lord's
Supper
,
&c.
and
were
put
to
Death
.
Then
John
of
Sarum
,
and
others
,
taught
,
that
the
Roman
Church
was
the
Whore
of
Babylon
.
Some
were
burnt
with
an
hot
Iron
at
Oxford
,
that
dissented
from
the
Roman
Church
.
The
King
Commanded
that
Justice
should
be
executed
upon
all
Men
alike
in
his
Courts
:
but
Thomas
Becket
would
have
the
Clergy
(
so
offending
)
judged
in
the
Ecclesiastical
Court
,
and
by
Men
of
their
own
Coat
.
This
Incensed
the
King
against
him
.
To
retrench
these
enormities
of
the
Clergy
,
the
King
called
a
Parliament
at
Clarendon
near
Sarisbury
,
to
confirm
the
Antient
Laws
and
Customs
,
to
which
Becket
with
the
rest
of
the
Bishops
consented
and
subscribed
them
;
but
afterwards
recanting
his
own
Act
,
renounced
the
same
.
The
same
year
the
King
required
to
have
punishment
of
some
misdoings
among
the
Clergy
.
The
Archbishop
would
not
permit
;
and
when
he
saw
(
in
his
judgement
)
the
Liberties
of
the
Church
trodden
under
Foot
;
he
without
the
King's
knowledge
took
Ship
,
and
intended
toward
Rome
;
but
by
a
contrary
Wind
he
was
brought
back
.
Then
he
was
called
to
account
for
his
Receipts
,
that
came
to
his
hand
while
he
was
High-Chancellor
.
He
appealeth
to
the
See
of
Rome
;
and
,
under
pain
of
Excommunication
,
forbad
both
Bishops
and
Nobles
to
give
Sentence
against
him
,
seeing
he
was
both
their
Father
and
their
Judge
.
Nevertheless
they
,
without
his
consent
,
gave
Sentence
against
him
.
Then
he
,
seeing
himself
forsaken
of
all
the
other
Bishops
,
lifted
the
Cross
which
he
held
in
his
Hand
aloft
,
and
went
away
from
the
Court
;
and
the
next
day
got
him
over
into
Flanders
,
and
so
to
the
Pope
.
Matthew
Paris
hath
many
Letters
betwixt
the
Pope
and
this
King
,
and
the
King
of
France
,
and
sundry
Bishops
of
France
and
England
,
for
reconciliation
betwixt
the
King
and
the
Archbishop
,
who
abode
seven
years
in
exile
.
Thomas
Becket
quarrelled
with
Roger
Archbishop
of
York
for
presuming
to
Crown
Henry
the
King's
Son
(
made
joint-King
in
the
Life
of
his
Father
)
a
priviledge
which
Becket
claimed
as
proper
to
him
alone
.
He
solemnly
resigned
his
Archbishoprick
to
the
Pope
,
as
troubled
in
Conscience
,
that
he
had
formerly
took
it
as
illegally
from
the
King
;
and
the
Pope
again
restored
it
to
him
,
whereby
all
scruples
in
his
mind
were
fully
satisfied
.
But
afterward
by
the
Mediation
of
the
French
King
,
Becket
had
leave
given
him
to
return
into
England
;
howsoever
the
King
still
retained
his
Temporals
in
his
Hand
,
on
weighty
considerations
,
namely
to
shew
their
distinct
Nature
from
the
Spirituals
of
the
Archbishoprick
,
to
which
alone
they
Pope
could
restore
him
.
Thomas
returning
into
England
Excommunicateth
all
the
Bishops
,
which
had
been
at
the
Coronation
of
the
young
King
.
The
King
sent
,
and
required
him
to
absolve
them
,
seeing
what
was
done
to
them
,
was
done
for
his
Cause
:
but
Thomas
refuseth
.
The
next
year
after
,
he
Excommunicated
solemnly
the
Lord
Sackvill
appointed
by
the
King
,
Vicar
of
the
Church
at
Canterbury
,
because
he
did
derogate
from
the
rights
of
the
Church
to
please
the
King
.
He
also
Excommunicated
one
Robert
Brook
for
cutting
off
an
Horses
tail
,
that
carried
Victuals
to
the
Archbishops
House
.
The
King
being
then
in
Normandy
,
grieved
very
sore
before
his
Servants
at
the
insolent
cariage
of
Thomas
Becket
.
This
moved
Sir
Richard
Breton
,
Sir
Hugh
Morvil
,
Sir
William
Tracey
,
Sir
Reginald
Fitz-Vrse
,
to
return
into
England
;
and
coming
to
Canterbury
,
they
found
the
Archbishop
in
Cathedral
Church
,
at
three
a
Clock
in
the
After-noon
,
and
calling
him
Traytor
to
the
King
,
they
slew
him
,
and
dashed
his
Brains
upon
the
floor
.
His
last
words
when
he
died
,
were
,
I
commend
my self
and
God's
Cause
unto
God
,
and
to
the
blessed
Mary
,
and
to
the
Saints
Patrons
of
this
Church
,
and
to
St.
Denis
.
Here
see
the
lightness
of
the
People
;
for
the
same
Men
that
detested
the
pride
of
that
Thomas
,
began
to
Worship
him
after
his
Death
.
Thus
they
sang
of
Thomas
Becket
.
Tu
per
Thomae
sanguinem
quem
pro
te
impendit
,
Fac
nos
Christe
scandere
quo
Thomas
ascendit
.
By
the
Blood
of
Thomas
,
which
for
Thee
he
did
spend
,
Make
us
O
Christ
to
climb
whither
Thomas
did
ascend
.
Multitudes
of
People
flocked
to
Canterbury
yearly
,
especially
on
his
Jubile
,
or
each
fifty
years
after
his
enshrining
;
an
hundred
thousand
of
English
and
Forreigners
repaired
thither
.
The
Revenues
of
peoples
Offerings
amounted
to
more
than
six
hundred
pounds
a
year
.
Before
Becket's
Death
,
the
Cathedral
in
Canterbury
was
called
Christ-Church
,
it
was
afterward
called
the
Church
of
St.
Thomas
;
though
since
by
the
demolishing
of
Becket's
shrine
,
the
Church
hath
recovered
it's
Antient
name
.
King
Henry
protested
himself
innocent
from
the
Death
of
Thomas
Becket
,
yet
was
he
willing
to
undergo
such
a
penance
as
the
Pope
would
impose
.
The
Pope
made
him
buy
his
Absolution
at
a
dear
rate
.
He
enjoyned
him
to
suffer
Appeals
from
England
to
Rome
;
to
quit
his
Rights
and
Claim
to
the
Investitures
;
to
keep
two
hundred
Men
of
Armes
in
pay
for
the
Holy
War
;
of
which
pay
the
Popes
Assignes
were
to
be
the
Receivers
;
and
that
in
England
they
should
celebrate
the
Feast
of
that
glorious
Martyr
St.
Thomas
of
Canterbury
.
The
words
of
the
Bull
are
these
,
We
strictly
charge
you
,
that
you
solemnly
Celebrate
every
year
the
Birth-day
of
the
glorious
Martyr
Thomas
,
sometime
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
that
is
,
the
day
of
his
passion
,
and
that
by
devout
Prayers
to
him
,
you
endeavour
to
merit
the
remission
of
your
sins
.
To
make
the
satisfaction
compleat
,
King
Henry
passeth
from
Normandy
into
England
,
stayeth
at
Canterbury
,
strippeth
himself
naked
,
and
is
whipped
by
diverse
Monks
,
of
whom
some
gave
him
five
lashes
,
some
three
.
Concerning
which
penance
Machiavel
speaks
thus
in
the
first
Book
of
the
Hostory
of
Florence
;
These
things
were
accepted
by
Henry
,
Le
quali
cose
furono
da
Enrico
accettare
,
et
sotto-Messe
si
à
quel
giudicio
un
tanto
Reche
hoggi
un
huomo
privato
si
vergognarebbe
sottomersi
&c.
Tanto
le
cose
che
paiono
sono
piu
da
discosto
che
d'appresse
temute
.
and
so
great
a
King
submitted
himself
to
that
judgement
,
to
which
a
private
man
in
our
dayes
would
be
ashamed
to
submit
himself
.
Then
he
exclaimeth
,
So
much
things
that
have
some
shew
,
are
more
dreaded
afar
off
,
than
near
hand
:
Which
he
saith
,
Because
at
the
same
time
the
Citizens
of
Rome
expelled
the
Pope
out
of
the
City
with
disgrace
,
scorning
his
Excommunication
.
This
was
done
in
the
year
of
our
Lord
1170.
as
appeareth
by
these
Verses
.
Anno
Milleno
,
Centeno
,
Septuageno
,
Anglorum
primas
,
corruit
ense
Thomas
.
In
the
year
1179.
Lewis
King
of
France
,
who
had
entertained
Thomas
at
Sens
,
passed
over
into
England
to
Worship
him
,
and
made
his
Devotions
to
his
Relicks
.
Then
Richard
Prior
of
Dover
,
who
divided
Kent
into
three
Archdeaconries
,
was
made
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
.
Fabian
saith
,
Fabian
.
in
Henry
2.
He
was
a
man
of
evil
living
,
and
wasted
the
goods
of
the
Church
inordinately
.
A
Synod
was
called
at
Westminster
,
the
Pope's
Legat
being
present
thereat
,
where
was
a
great
Contention
between
the
two
Archbishops
of
Canterbury
and
York
for
Precedency
;
words
begat
blowes
,
and
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury's
party
pulled
York
from
his
Seat
to
the
ground
,
and
tore
his
Casule
,
Chimer
,
and
Rochet
from
his
Back
;
and
put
the
Legat
in
such
fear
,
that
he
ran
away
.
The
next
day
after
York
Appealeth
to
Rome
.
Here
the
Pope
interposed
,
and
to
end
old
divisions
,
made
a
new
distinction
,
Entitling
Canterbury
,
Primate
of
all
England
;
and
York
,
Primate
of
England
.
King
Henry
died
at
Chinon
in
Normandy
,
and
was
buried
with
very
great
Solemnity
in
the
Nunnery
of
Font-Everard
in
the
same
Countrey
,
a
Religious
House
of
his
own
Foundation
and
Endowment
.
At
that
time
were
many
Married
Priests
in
Britain
.
His
Son
,
Richard
the
first
,
sirnamed
Coeur
de
Lyon
,
succeeded
him
,
and
on
September
3.
was
crowned
at
Westminster
of
Baldwin
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
.
Then
this
King
ordained
the
City
of
London
to
be
ruled
by
two
Bailiffs
.
The
two
first
Bailiffs
were
Henry
Chornhil
,
and
Richard
Fitz-River
.
In
the
time
of
the
Coronation
of
the
King
,
multitudes
of
the
Jews
in
this
Land
were
destroyed
.
The
King
in
part
of
satisfaction
for
his
trespass
against
his
Father
(
for
Queen
Elianor
and
his
Sons
had
sided
with
the
King
of
France
against
him
)
agreed
with
Philip
the
French
King
to
take
upon
them
the
recovery
of
the
Holy
Land
.
Fabian
Chron.
King
Richard
gave
over
the
Castles
of
Barwick
and
Roxburgh
to
the
Scottish
King
for
the
sum
of
ten
thousand
pounds
.
He
passed
away
the
Earldom
of
Northumberland
unto
Hugh
Pudsey
Bishop
of
Durham
for
a
great
sum
of
Money
for
term
of
life
;
scoffing
,
that
he
had
made
a
young
Earl
of
an
old
Bishop
.
Besides
,
by
the
commandment
of
Pope
Clement
the
third
,
a
tenth
was
exacted
of
the
whole
Realm
Fox
.
Acts
and
Monuments
.
The
King
set
over
the
Realm
as
principal
in
his
absence
,
the
Bishop
of
Ely
his
Chancellor
,
and
the
Bishop
of
Durham
;
whom
he
ordained
to
be
Chief
Justice
of
England
.
Ely
to
have
custody
of
the
Tower
,
with
the
oversight
of
all
other
parts
of
the
Land
on
this
side
Humber
:
and
Durham
to
have
charge
over
all
other
his
Dominions
beyond
Humber
.
The
Pope
also
made
William
Bishop
of
Ely
his
Legate
through
all
England
and
Scotland
.
As
for
Men
and
Souldiers
,
the
Prelates
,
Friars
,
and
other
Preachers
,
had
stirred
up
innumerable
by
their
manifold
exhortations
(
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
having
travelled
through
Wales
in
Person
for
that
purpose
)
in
Pulpits
and
private
Conferences
.
Then
King
Richard
(
with
some
of
our
English
Nobility
,
who
adventured
their
Persons
in
the
Holy
War
)
crossed
the
Seas
into
France
,
to
Philip
King
thereof
.
After
some
necessary
stayes
,
having
passed
the
River
Rhene
at
Lions
,
they
parted
company
:
Philip
marching
over
the
Alpes
into
Italy
,
and
King
Richard
to
the
Sea-side
at
Marsilia
,
there
to
meet
with
his
Navy
.
King
Richard's
Fleet
of
Ships
being
not
come
,
he
embarked
himself
in
twenty
hired
Galleys
,
and
ten
great
Busses
(
a
kind
of
Shipping
then
peculiar
to
the
Mediterranean
Seas
)
and
set
Sayl
toward
Messana
in
Sicily
,
the
Rendezvouz
of
both
the
Kings
and
their
Armies
.
In
which
passage
King
Richard
lying
at
Anchor
(
on
occasion
)
in
the
mouth
of
the
River
Tiber
,
not
far
from
Rome
,
Octavianus
the
Bishop
of
Hostia
repaired
unto
him
,
desiring
him
in
the
Pope's
name
,
that
he
would
visit
his
Holiness
:
which
the
King
denied
to
do
,
alleadging
that
the
Pope
and
his
Officers
had
taken
700
Marks
for
Consecration
of
the
Bishop
of
Mains
,
1500
Marks
for
the
Legative
power
of
William
Bishop
of
Ely
;
but
of
the
Archbishop
of
Burdeaux
an
infinite
sum
of
Money
;
whereupon
he
refused
to
see
Rome
.
King
Richard
studying
to
fit
himself
for
the
great
attempt
he
had
in
hand
,
called
before
him
his
Archbishops
and
Bishops
,
that
accompanied
him
,
into
a
Chappel
at
the
House
where
he
was
lodged
,
where
he
made
a
penitent
confession
of
his
sins
,
humbly
Praying
to
God
for
Mercy
,
and
them
(
as
his
subordinate
Ministers
)
for
Absolution
:
and
God
(
saith
R.
Hoveden
)
respected
him
with
the
eyes
of
Mercy
,
so
that
from
thence-forth
he
feared
God
,
eschewing
evil
,
and
doing
good
.
King
Richard
sent
for
Joachim
,
Abbot
of
Calabria
,
a
Man
of
great
Learning
and
Understanding
in
the
Scriptures
,
who
at
his
coming
he
heard
expounding
the
Apocalypse
of
St.
John
,
touching
the
afflictions
of
the
Church
,
and
the
state
of
Antichrist
,
which
(
saith
he
)
was
then
born
,
and
in
the
City
of
Rome
,
of
whom
the
Apostle
said
,
He
should
exalt
himself
above
all
that
is
called
God
.
Afterwards
,
at
the
siege
of
Acres
,
or
Ptolemais
in
Palestine
,
Radulphus
de
alta
ripa
,
Archdeacon
of
Colchester
ended
his
Life
;
there
also
died
Baldwin
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
and
Hubert
Walter
Bishop
of
Sarisbury
(
afterward
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
)
was
a
most
active
Commander
there
,
besides
many
more
of
the
eminent
Clergy
engaged
in
that
service
.
William
Bishop
of
Ely
playd
Rex
in
the
King's
absence
,
abusing
the
Royal
Authority
committed
to
him
.
Acres
was
delivered
to
the
King
's
of
England
and
France
,
who
divided
the
spoil
of
that
City
betwixt
them
.
King
Richard
after
this
and
many
other
notable
Atchievements
in
Palestine
,
at
his
return
from
thence
,
was
taken
Prisoner
by
Leopald
Duke
of
Austria
,
and
detained
by
him
with
hard
and
Unprince-like
usage
:
whil'st
the
English
Clergy
endeavoured
the
utmost
for
his
enlargement
.
His
fine
was
an
hundred
and
fifty
thousand
Marks
,
to
be
paid
,
part
to
the
Duke
of
Austria
,
part
to
Henry
VI.
Emperor
of
Germany
:
Hubert
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
with
much
diligence
perfected
the
work
,
and
,
on
his
ransom
paid
,
King
Richard
returned
into
England
.
Hubert
Walter
,
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
had
almost
finished
a
fair
Covent
for
Monks
at
Lambeth
,
began
by
Baldwin
,
his
Predecessor
,
but
upon
the
petitions
of
the
Monks
of
Canterbury
to
the
Pope
(
contrary
to
the
King
's
and
Archbishop's
desire
)
the
Covent
at
Lambeth
was
utterly
demolished
.
As
this
Richard
,
was
the
first
of
the
English
Kings
,
who
bare
Armes
on
his
Seals
;
so
was
he
the
first
who
carried
in
his
shield
Three
Lions
Passant
,
born
ever
after
for
the
Regal
Armes
of
England
.
This
King
's
daily
exercise
after
his
return
was
to
rise
early
,
and
not
to
depart
from
the
Church
,
till
Divine
Service
were
finished
.
Moreover
,
he
bountifully
relieved
every
day
much
Poor
,
both
in
his
Court
and
Towns
about
,
and
restored
Gold
and
Silver
to
such
Churches
from
which
to
pay
his
ransom
they
had
been
taken
away
.
The
Bishop
of
Beavois
being
also
an
Earl
of
the
Royal
Blood
,
and
the
eleventh
Peer
of
France
,
valiantly
fighting
against
John
the
King's
Brother
,
was
taken
Armed
at
all
points
,
and
bravely
mounted
;
on
whose
behalf
the
Pope
(
upon
the
Bishop's
humble
suit
,
pleading
the
Clergy's
immunity
)
wrote
somewhat
earnestly
to
King
Richard
,
to
set
his
very
dear
Son
(
for
so
he
called
the
Bishop
)
at
liberty
.
The
King
in
a
pleasant
manner
caused
the
Habergeon
and
Curasses
of
the
Bishop
to
be
presented
to
the
Pope
,
with
this
question
(
alluding
to
that
of
Jacob's
Children
to
their
Father
,
concerning
Joseph's
Garment
)
Vide
an
haec
sit
filii
tui
tunica
,
an
non
?
See
whether
this
be
thy
Son's
coat
or
not
?
Whereupon
the
Pope
replied
,
That
he
was
neither
his
Son
,
nor
the
Son
of
the
Church
,
and
therefore
should
be
Ransomed
at
the
King's
will
,
because
he
was
rather
judged
to
be
a
servitor
of
Mars
,
than
a
Souldier
of
Christ
:
Whom
the
King
of
England
handled
sharply
.
Anno
1199.
One
Thurical
,
an
English-man
was
in
a
rapture
carried
in
the
night
to
Purgatory
,
of
which
S.
Nicholas
is
Governor
,
where
also
he
saw
the
mouth
of
Hell
,
whence
a
stinking
smoak
issued
out
,
which
(
as
it
was
revealed
to
him
)
came
out
of
Tithes
detained
,
or
ill
paid
,
because
there
those
Men
were
horribly
punished
,
who
had
ill-paid
the
Tithes
due
to
the
Church
.
This
is
related
by
Mat.
Paris
,
a
Monk
of
St.
Albans
,
superstitious
according
to
the
Age
that
he
lived
in
.
Then
also
came
the
Minorite
Friars
into
England
,
When
the
Minorite
Friars
came
into
England
.
their
Order
being
but
lately
instituted
.
King
Richard
laying
Siege
to
a
Castle
called
Chaluz
belonging
to
the
Viscount
of
Limoges
,
was
shot
into
the
Arm
by
a
poisoned
Arrow
,
whereupon
the
Iron
remaining
and
festering
in
the
wound
,
the
King
within
nine
dayes
after
died
,
having
first
forgiven
the
Souldier
before
his
Death
.
King
John
was
Crowned
in
Westminster-Abbey
,
June
9.
1199.
and
was
Sworn
by
Hubert
,
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
Quod
sanctam
Ecclesiam
,
&
ejus
ordinatos
diligeret
;
&
eam
ob
incursione
malignantium
indemnem
conservaret
;
&
dignitates
illius
bona
fide
,
&
sine
malo
ingenio
servaret
illasas
,
as
Roger
Hoveden
expresseth
it
.
This
Archbishop
,
with
all
the
Bishops
,
Abbots
,
Nobles
,
present
at
,
and
consenting
to
this
Oath
,
and
doing
Homage
and
Fealty
to
him
.
The
13th
of
June
following
,
he
was
solemnly
Divorced
,
in
Normandy
,
in
the
presence
of
three
of
his
Norman
Bishops
,
from
the
Duke
of
Gloucester's
Daughter
.
Vnde
magnam
summi
Pontificis
Innocentii
tertii
,
&
Curiae
Romanae
indignationem
,
prasumens
temere
contra
leges
&
canones
dissolvere
,
quod
eorum
fuerat
authoritate
colligatum
,
as
Radulphus
de
Diceta
informs
us
.
But
he
soon
after
was
Married
to
Isabel
,
sole
Daughter
and
Heir
of
the
Earl
of
Angolesme
,
who
was
Crowned
Queen
,
Octob.
8.
by
Archbishop
Hubert
,
this
Pope
and
Cardinals
,
not
daring
to
question
,
or
null
his
Marriage
.
CENT
.
XIII
.
KIng
John
being
no
sooner
possessed
of
the
Realm
of
England
,
but
in
the
very
first
year
of
his
Reign
,
evidenced
to
all
the
World
his
Ecclesiastical
Sovereignty
,
both
by
ratifying
,
protecting
,
enlarging
the
Ecclesiastical
as
well
as
Temporal
Liberties
,
Privledges
,
Churches
,
Chappels
,
Tithes
,
Lands
,
Possessions
,
granted
by
his
Ancestors
to
several
Archbishopricks
,
Bishopricks
,
Monasteries
in
England
,
Ireland
,
Normandy
,
by
sundry
Charters
,
using
this
expression
in
the
Prologue
of
Confirmation
to
the
Monastery
of
Cirencester
.
Johannes
Dei
gratia
,
&c.
Prynne's
history
of
Popes
Usurpations
.
lib.
5.
ch.
1.
Quoniam
Honori
nostro
condecens
,
&
saluti
nostrae
necessarium
,
loca
sancta
&
religiosa
,
quae
ab
Avo
patris
nostri
Rege
H.
primo
sunt
fundata
,
&
a
Rege
H.
secundo
patre
nostro
confirmata
,
defendere
,
custodire
,
&
amplificare
.
Inde
est
,
quod
Deo
&
Sancta
Mariae
de
Cirencest
.
&
Canonitis
Regularibus
ibidem
Deo
servientibus
,
damus
&
concedimus
.
Dat.
per
manum
H.
Cant.
Archiep.
Cancel
.
nostri
apud
sag
.
7.
die
Aug.
An.
Regni
nostri
10.
Which
prologue
he
likewise
used
in
other
of
his
Charters
.
K.
John
also
authorized
Hubert
Archbishop
of
Canter
.
to
make
a
Will
,
which
he
could
not
then
Legally
do
without
his
Royal
License
.
In
the
year
1177.
no
less
then
30
Nuns
of
the
Abby
of
Ambresbury
,
were
accused
and
convicted
at
one
time
for
their
incontinency
,
to
the
dissolution
and
infamy
of
their
Order
,
whereof
they
had
been
publikely
defamed
;
whereupon
King
Henry
the
2d
.
Expulsis
sanctimonialibus
be
Abbatia
de
Ambresbury
,
propter
incontinentiam
,
&
per
alios
domos
Religiosos
distributis
;
expelling
the
Nuns
from
this
Abbey
for
their
incontinency
,
distributed
them
throughout
other
Religious
Houses
,
in
stricter
custody
(
by
way
of
penance
)
and
gave
it
to
the
Abbess
and
Nuns
of
Font-Everoit
,
for
a
perpetual
possession
,
who
sending
a
Covent
of
Nuns
thither
from
Font-Everoit
,
Richard
then
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
inducted
them
into
the
Abbey
of
Ambresbury
,
on
the
first
of
June
,
King
Hen.
2.
Bartholomew
,
Bishop
of
Excester
;
John
Bishop
of
Norwich
,
and
many
other
of
the
Clergy
and
People
being
then
present
.
And
by
his
Charter
,
Anno
1179.
confirmed
the
Lands
of
this
Abbey
to
them
with
many
liberties
,
and
that
by
the
advice
and
consent
of
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
and
many
other
Bishops
,
Great
Men
,
and
Barons
of
the
Realm
.
King
John
in
the
first
year
of
his
Reign
,
by
his
Charter
reciting
all
the
premises
in
the
Prologue
,
confirmed
this
Charter
of
his
Father
,
ratified
these
Nuns
deprivations
and
imprisonments
in
other
Monasteries
for
their
incontinency
,
with
consent
of
his
Bishops
,
Nobles
,
and
request
of
Pope
Alexander
,
transferring
this
Abbey
,
and
all
Lands
thereto
belonging
,
from
one
rank
of
Nuns
to
another
;
takes
both
these
Nuns
,
Persons
,
Lands
,
into
his
Royal
protection
,
as
if
they
were
his
own
Demesnes
,
grants
them
several
Tithes
,
Churches
,
large
Priviledges
;
and
prohibits
,
that
none
of
his
Officers
or
Subjects
should
disturb
them
therein
,
nor
implead
them
,
but
in
the
presence
of
himself
and
his
heirs
.
The
same
first
year
of
King
John's
Reign
,
the
Abbot
of
Westminster
dying
,
the
Monks
by
the
King's
License
elected
Ralph
Arundel
Prior
of
Harle
for
their
Abbot
,
unto
which
the
King
gave
his
Assent
.
Whereupon
he
was
consecrated
Abbot
;
no
Bishops
,
Abbots
,
Priors
,
or
other
Ecclesiastical
Persons
being
elected
to
any
Dignities
,
but
by
the
King
's
previous
License
,
and
subsequent
Assent
to
the
Person
elected
,
who
might
approve
or
reject
him
at
his
Royal
Pleasure
.
This
King
ratified
the
Charter
of
K.
Richard
,
touching
the
exchange
,
between
Archbishop
Hubert
,
and
the
Bishop
and
Monks
of
Rochester
,
of
the
Manor
of
Lambeth
for
other
Lands
,
and
the
Clause
therein
;
authorizing
the
Pope
,
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
Bishops
and
Clergy
of
England
,
to
Excommunicate
the
infringers
thereof
.
Chart.
1.
Johan
.
Regis
part.
2.
n.
147.
&
n.
25.
Besides
,
he
appropriated
several
Parochial
Churches
in
perpetuity
to
the
Bishoprick
of
Coventry
and
Litchfield
;
converted
other
Parochial
Churches
into
Prebendaries
,
and
ratified
the
Orders
made
by
Bishop
Hugh
for
the
better
regulation
of
that
Church
by
two
Charters
.
The
like
Charter
of
confirmation
of
Churches
,
Tithes
,
and
Liberties
,
he
made
to
the
Bishop
of
Exeter
,
and
his
Successors
,
the
same
year
.
In
the
second
year
of
his
Reign
,
the
Dean
and
Chapter
of
Lexoven
,
within
this
King
's
hereditary
Dominions
in
France
,
presuming
to
elect
a
Bishop
without
his
consent
,
sent
a
Prohibition
to
them
,
to
preserve
this
Antient
right
of
the
Crown
descended
to
him
from
his
Ancestors
.
The
same
year
this
King
by
his
Charter
commanded
all
Clerks
,
then
Imprisoned
for
offences
throughout
England
,
to
be
delivered
to
Hubert
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
upon
his
demand
of
them
.
Likewise
he
granted
a
Charter
to
the
Bish.
of
Norwich
,
to
recover
all
Lands
and
Tenements
belonging
to
that
Bishoprick
,
unjustly
alienated
by
his
Predecessors
.
The
same
year
Geoffery
Plantaginet
,
Archbishop
of
York
,
King
John's
base
Brother
,
obstructed
the
Levying
of
Carvage
(
demanded
and
granted
to
the
King
by
common
consent
paid
by
all
others
)
on
the
Demesn
Lands
of
his
Church
,
or
Tenants
,
beating
the
Sheriff
of
York's
servants
,
excommunicating
the
Sheriff
himself
by
name
,
with
all
his
Aiders
,
and
interdicted
his
whole
Province
of
York
for
attempting
to
levy
it
.
Whereupon
the
King
much
incensed
,
summoned
him
to
answer
these
high
contempts
,
his
not
going
over
with
him
into
Normandy
when
summoned
;
and
also
to
pay
him
three
thousand
Marks
due
to
his
Brother
King
Richard
,
and
by
his
Writs
commanded
all
the
Archbishop's
servants
,
where-ever
they
were
found
to
be
imprisoned
,
as
they
were
,
for
beating
the
Sheriff's
Officers
,
and
denying
to
give
the
King
of
the
Archbishops
Wine
,
passing
through
York
;
summoned
Geoffery
into
his
Court
to
answer
all
these
contempts
;
and
issued
Writs
to
the
Sheriff
of
York-shire
to
seize
all
his
Goods
,
Temporalties
,
and
to
return
them
into
the
Exchequer
,
which
was
executed
accordingly
.
The
King
and
Queen
repairing
to
York
the
next
Mid-lent
,
the
Archbishop
made
his
peace
with
the
King
,
submitting
to
pay
such
a
Fine
for
his
offences
,
as
four
Bishops
,
and
four
Barons
elected
by
them
,
should
adjudge
,
and
absolved
William
de
Stutvil
the
Sheriff
,
and
James
de
Poterna
,
whom
he
had
excommunicated
,
and
recalled
his
former
Interdict
.
The
same
year
there
fell
out
a
great
difference
between
this
Archbishop
,
the
Dean
and
Chapter
of
York
,
and
the
Archdeacon
of
Richmond
.
R.
Hoveden
Annal.
part
.
poster
.
p.
817.
The
Praecentor's
place
at
York
falling
void
,
the
Dean
and
Chapter
would
not
suffer
him
to
present
Ralph
de
Kyme
,
his
Official
,
to
it
,
but
themselves
gave
it
to
Hugh
Murdac
,
Archdeacon
of
Cleveland
,
the
day
after
he
had
given
it
to
Kyme
.
And
when
the
Achbishop
would
have
put
him
into
the
Praecentor's
Stall
,
the
Dean
told
him
,
It
belonged
not
unto
him
to
put
any
man
into
a
Stall
,
neither
shall
you
therein
place
him
,
because
we
have
given
it
by
Authority
of
the
Council
of
Lateran
.
Whereupon
when
the
Archbishop
could
not
have
his
will
,
he
excommunicated
Murdac
;
he
likewise
injured
Honorius
Archdeacon
of
Richmond
,
by
challenging
to
himself
the
Institutions
of
Churches
and
Synodals
,
against
the
ancient
Dignities
and
Customs
of
the
Archdeaconry
,
which
the
Archbishop
pretended
Honorius
had
resigned
and
confirmed
to
him
by
his
Charter
,
which
he
denied
.
The
Dean
and
Chapter
,
and
Honorius
,
severally
complained
of
these
injuries
to
the
King
,
who
thereupon
issued
two
Writs
for
their
relief
.
This
Honorius
,
Archdeacon
of
Richmond
,
complained
to
the
Pope
as
well
as
the
King
,
of
the
injurious
encroachments
of
this
Archbishop
,
who
suspended
some
of
his
Clerks
,
interdicted
some
Churches
within
his
Archdeaconry
,
and
excommunicated
the
Archdeacon
,
all
which
the
Pope
in
a
special
Letter
requires
him
to
retract
as
null
and
void
.
He
also
sent
three
Epistles
more
:
the
first
to
the
Dean
and
Chapter
of
York
;
the
second
to
the
Bishop
of
Ely
,
and
Archdeacon
of
Northampton
;
the
third
to
King
John
himself
,
to
defend
Honorius
his
rights
,
against
the
Archbishop's
injuries
and
encroachments
.
The
Pope
wrote
a
menacing
Letter
to
the
Archbishop
;
but
he
was
no
way
daunted
at
it
,
but
proceeded
still
against
Honorius
,
till
restrained
by
the
King's
Writs
,
Appeals
being
but
then
in
their
infancy
;
and
that
not
as
to
a
supreme
judicature
,
but
only
by
way
of
complaint
,
as
a
voluntary
perswading
Arbitrator
,
and
that
by
the
King's
licence
first
obtained
,
An
Historical
Vindication
of
the
Church
of
England
in
point
of
Schism
.
as
learned
.
Sir
Roger
Twisden
truly
observes
.
The
same
year
Hubert
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
intending
to
celebrate
a
Council
at
Westminster
,
without
the
King
's
special
Writ
,
thereupon
(
the
King
being
then
in
Normandy
)
Geoffery
Fitz-Peter
,
Earl
of
Sussex
,
being
then
Chief
Justice
of
England
,
sent
a
Prohibition
to
inhibit
it
;
yet
the
Archbishop
held
the
Council
wherein
he
made
and
promulged
several
Decrees
,
Statuens
ea
a
suis
subditis
inviolabiliter
observari
.
But
those
Decrees
made
concerning
Procurations
,
Fees
for
Orders
,
Institutions
,
Inductions
,
Licences
of
Ministers
,
&c.
were
not
esteemed
obligatory
,
nor
were
they
regarded
.
Lyndwood
,
Aton
,
and
most
Histories
,
take
no
notice
of
them
,
because
made
against
the
King's
Prohibition
.
The
third
year
of
King
John
,
Gilardus
,
Archdeacon
of
Brecknock
,
pretending
himself
to
be
elected
Bishop
of
St.
Davids
in
Wales
with
the
King's
consent
,
by
provision
from
Pope
Innocent
the
Third
,
intruded
himself
into
the
possession
of
the
Temporalties
thereof
,
and
likewise
endeavoured
to
make
it
an
Archbishoprick
.
About
that
time
a
certain
number
of
Greeks
came
from
Athens
into
England
,
and
asserted
,
that
the
Latins
had
erred
from
the
way
of
Truth
in
the
Articles
of
Christian
Faith
;
and
they
would
shew
the
right
way
by
invincible
Arguments
,
which
all
should
receive
if
they
will
be
saved
.
This
was
reported
unto
King
John
:
He
answered
,
Our
Faith
is
grounded
upon
the
Authority
of
Christ
and
the
Saints
,
and
I
will
not
suffer
that
it
be
tossed
with
disputes
and
janglings
of
men
;
nor
will
we
change
the
certainty
for
uncertainty
,
let
me
hear
no
more
of
you
:
So
they
departed
.
Gilardus
had
procured
Pope
Innocent's
Procuration
and
Provision
to
elect
him
Bishop
of
St.
Davids
,
at
which
King
John
(
though
then
in
Normandy
with
his
Queen
)
was
much
incensed
,
and
sent
out
four
successive
Writs
and
Proclamations
,
directed
to
all
the
Clergy
and
Laity
both
of
England
and
Wales
in
general
,
and
the
Chapter
of
St.
Davids
in
special
,
strictly
enjoyning
them
all
to
oppose
and
resist
Gilardus
his
rash
attempts
and
innovations
against
Him
,
to
their
power
,
according
to
their
Allegiance
;
and
no
wayes
to
aid
or
countenance
him
therein
,
by
advice
or
otherwise
,
it
being
unjust
to
do
it
.
Giraldus
,
notwithstanding
all
his
pretended
submission
to
the
Archbishop
,
proceeding
afresh
in
the
Court
of
Rome
to
obtain
his
ends
,
thereupon
the
King
issued
out
a
severe
Proclamation
against
him
,
as
a
publick
Enemy
and
disturber
of
the
Peace
of
his
Kingdom
.
In
the
same
year
Pope
Innocent
takes
upon
him
(
upon
pretext
of
necessity
for
relief
of
the
holy
Land
)
only
to
advise
and
recommend
to
all
the
Prelates
of
the
holy
Church
the
levying
of
the
fortieth
part
of
their
Estates
and
Benefices
,
and
in
what
manner
to
levy
it
,
not
absolutely
to
impose
it
to
their
prejudice
.
Whence
Matthew
Westminster
thus
expresseth
it
:
Ad
instantiam
Innocentii
Papae
,
data
est
quadragesima
pars
redditum
omnium
Ecclesiarum
ad
subsidium
terrae
promissionis
.
Therefore
a
free
Gift
,
not
an
imposed
Tax
.
Neither
would
the
King
of
England
or
France
suffer
it
to
to
be
levyed
in
their
Realms
by
the
Pope's
Authority
,
but
only
by
their
Royal
Order
,
Grant
,
and
Assent
thereto
.
But
no
Archbishop
or
Bishop
did
put
this
in
execution
.
The
same
year
the
King
licensed
Peter
Builler
by
Charter
to
enter
into
what
Religion
he
pleased
.
Rex
,
&c.
Omnibus
,
&c.
Sciatis
nos
dedisse
licentiam
Petro
Builler
transferendi
se
ad
quam
voluerit
Religionem
,
&
inde
has
literas
nostras
patentes
ei
rei
relinquimus
in
testimonium
.
Teste
meipso
apud
Barnevil
,
29
die
Octobris
.
The
French
King
perfidiously
breaking
his
Truce
with
King
John
,
made
in
the
first
year
of
his
reign
,
to
carry
on
that
War
,
he
not
only
demanded
a
supply
of
Moneys
from
his
Nobility
and
Clergy
,
but
likewise
from
the
Cistercian
Abbots
.
The
same
year
the
Church
and
City
of
Rhoan
being
consumed
with
fire
,
King
John
granted
them
his
Letters
Patents
for
a
liberal
contribution
throughout
all
England
,
toward
the
repair
of
that
Church
,
principally
for
the
Virgin
Maries
sake
,
to
whom
it
was
dedicated
,
then
adored
more
than
God
himself
.
This
is
the
first
Patent
of
such
a
Collection
that
we
have
yet
met
with
.
Pious
this
King
was
in
offering
one
ounce
of
Gold
to
God
every
Lord's-day
and
Holy-day
,
which
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
then
offered
and
disbursed
for
him
,
or
claimed
as
his
Fee
,
being
allowed
it
in
the
Exchequer
upon
his
account
.
In
the
fourth
year
of
King
John
,
some
Irish
Bishops
and
Archdeacons
,
Suffragans
to
the
Archbishop
of
Dublin
,
endeavoured
,
without
this
King
's
precedent
License
and
Assent
,
to
elect
an
Archbishop
,
and
get
him
confirmed
at
Rome
by
the
Pope
,
against
the
King's
Right
and
Dignity
.
Whereupon
he
entred
an
Appeal
against
them
before
himself
,
to
Preserve
his
Right
and
Dignity
therein
.
The
same
year
there
being
many
contests
between
the
Dean
and
Canons
,
and
Geoffry
Archbishop
of
York
,
who
by
his
Archiepiscopal
authority
and
violence
,
did
much
oppress
them
:
the
King
upon
their
complaint
,
by
his
Authority
and
Letters
Patents
granted
them
a
Protection
against
Him
and
his
Instruments
.
In
the
fifth
year
of
King
John
,
Godfrid
Bishop
of
Winchester
deceasing
,
Petrus
de
Rupibus
,
a
Knight
and
great
Souldier
,
Vir
equestris
ordinis
,
&
in
rebus
bellicis
eruditus
procurante
Rege
Johanne
,
being
chosen
to
the
Bishoprick
,
succeeded
him
;
who
going
to
Rome
,
Vbi
magnis
zeniis
liberaliter
collatis
ad
Ecclesiam
Wintoniensem
,
maturavit
Episcopus
consecrari
.
This
year
the
Men
of
Holderness
refusing
to
pay
their
Traves
due
to
St.
John
of
Beverly
out
of
their
Ploughed-lands
to
the
Farmer
of
them
,
as
they
did
to
the
Provost
and
Chapter
before
;
the
King
issued
out
a
Writ
to
the
Sheriffs
of
York
to
seize
the
Persons
and
Goods
of
those
the
Provost
and
Chapter
should
excommunicate
,
and
detain
them
till
payment
,
since
He
and
his
Tenants
duly
paid
them
out
of
his
and
their
Demesnes
.
In
the
sixth
year
of
King
John
,
the
Bishop
,
Dean
,
and
Chapter
of
Durham
,
the
Dean
and
Chapter
of
York
,
with
sundry
other
Deans
and
Chapters
,
Abbots
and
Priors
within
the
Province
of
York
,
to
prevent
the
unjust
arbitrary
Excommunications
,
Suspensions
,
and
Interdicts
of
Geoffry
Archbishop
of
York
,
against
their
own
Tenants
,
Lands
and
Possessions
,
by
reason
of
some
differences
between
them
concerning
their
Jurisdictions
and
Ecclesiastical
Priviledges
,
which
they
complained
the
Archbishop
invaded
,
appearing
before
the
King
at
York
,
did
there
in
the
King
's
own
presence
appeal
him
before
the
See
of
Rome
,
prefixing
a
certain
day
,
to
which
the
King
by
his
Letters
Patents
gave
his
Royal
Testimony
and
Assent
,
they
not
daring
to
appeal
without
his
License
.
About
two
years
after
King
John
and
his
Nobles
meeting
at
Winchester
,
placing
his
hope
and
strength
in
his
Treasures
,
required
and
received
through
all
England
the
thirteenth
part
of
all
Movables
and
other
things
,
as
well
of
the
Laity
as
of
all
other
Ecclesiastical
Persons
and
Prelats
,
all
of
them
murmuring
at
it
,
and
wishing
an
ill
event
to
such
rapines
,
but
not
daring
to
contradict
it
.
Only
Geoffry
Archbishop
of
York
openly
contradicting
it
,
privily
departed
from
England
,
and
in
his
recess
,
Anathematis
sententia
innodavit
,
actually
excommunicated
all
Men
,
especially
within
his
Archbishoprick
,
making
this
rapine
,
and
levying
this
Tax
,
and
in
general
all
Invaders
of
the
Church
or
Ecclesiastical
things
,
for
non-payment
of
this
Tax
,
wherewith
this
King
was
so
highly
offended
,
that
he
seized
his
Temporalities
,
and
banished
him
the
Realm
till
his
death
about
seven
years
after
.
Anno
1205.
died
Hubert
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
.
Before
his
body
was
yet
committed
to
the
earth
,
the
younger
sort
of
the
Monks
elected
Reginald
their
Superiour
,
and
placed
him
in
the
Metropolitan
See
,
without
the
King's
License
and
knowledge
:
who
being
sent
unto
by
the
elder
sort
of
Monks
,
requiring
his
gracious
License
to
chuse
their
Archbishop
,
consented
thereunto
,
requiring
them
also
instantly
at
his
request
,
that
they
would
elect
John
Grey
,
Bishop
of
Norwich
,
into
that
See
;
which
they
also
did
.
And
the
King
sent
to
the
Pope
to
confirm
it
.
The
two
Suffragans
of
Canterbury
not
being
made
acquainted
with
the
matter
,
sent
speedily
to
Rome
,
to
have
both
the
Elections
stopped
,
whereupon
arose
a
great
tumult
:
for
the
Pope
condemning
both
their
Elections
,
created
Stephen
Langton
with
his
own
hand
in
the
high
Church
of
Viterbo
.
Upon
which
occasion
the
King
banished
sixty
four
of
the
Clergy
and
Monks
of
Canterbury
out
of
the
Land
,
Fox
Acts
and
Monuments
.
and
sharply
expostulated
with
the
Pope
,
for
that
he
had
chosen
Stephen
Langton
,
a
Man
brought
up
long
among
his
Enemies
in
France
;
besides
the
derogation
to
the
Liberties
of
his
Crown
;
threatening
,
except
he
would
favour
the
King
's
liking
of
the
Bishop
of
Norwich
,
he
would
cut
off
the
trade
to
Rome
,
and
the
profits
that
came
thither
from
the
Land
.
The
Pope
writeth
,
in
the
behalf
of
Stephen
Langton
,
a
froward
and
arrogant
Letter
,
and
not
long
after
sendeth
a
commandment
and
charge
into
England
to
certain
Bishops
,
that
if
the
King
would
not
yield
,
they
should
Interdict
his
Realm
.
For
the
execution
whereof
four
Bishops
were
appointed
,
viz.
William
Bishop
of
London
,
Eustace
Bishop
of
Ely
,
Mauger
Bishop
of
Worcester
,
and
Giles
Bishop
of
Hereford
,
who
pronounced
the
general
Interdiction
through
the
Realm
of
all
Ecclesiastical
service
,
saving
Baptism
of
Children
,
Confession
and
the
Eucharist
to
the
dying
in
case
of
necessity
.
No
sooner
had
they
interdicted
the
Kingdom
,
but
they
with
Joceline
,
Bishop
of
Bath
,
as
speedily
,
as
secretly
,
fled
out
of
the
Land
.
And
the
King
took
all
the
possessions
of
those
Bishops
into
his
hands
.
He
also
proclaimed
,
that
all
those
that
had
Church-living
,
and
went
over
the
Sea
,
should
return
at
a
certain
day
,
or
else
lose
their
Livings
for
ever
:
and
charged
all
Sheriffs
to
enquire
,
if
any
Church-man
received
any
Commandment
that
came
from
the
Pope
,
that
they
should
apprehend
them
,
and
bring
them
before
him
,
and
also
take
into
their
hands
for
the
King's
use
,
all
the
Church-lands
that
were
given
to
any
man
by
the
Archbishop
Stephen
,
or
by
the
Priors
of
Canterbury
from
the
time
of
the
election
of
the
Archbishop
.
England
remained
under
the
Interdict
six
years
,
three
months
and
an
half
,
whereby
not
only
the
King
and
his
Court
,
but
also
all
the
people
of
England
,
who
had
nothing
to
do
with
that
Quarrel
,
were
Excommunicated
.
In
that
long
time
how
many
thousands
of
men
died
in
England
,
who
by
the
Rules
of
the
Roman
Church
,
and
by
the
Pope's
Judgment
,
are
eternally
damned
?
and
that
but
for
a
Quarrel
between
the
King
and
the
Pope
about
some
Investitures
of
Churches
,
and
Collations
of
Benefices
,
and
Money-matters
.
Then
(
saith
Mathew
Paris
,
Matth.
Paris
.
who
was
an
eye-witness
of
all
that
disorder
)
All
the
Sacraments
of
the
Church
ceased
in
England
,
saving
only
the
Confession
,
and
the
Communion
of
the
Host
in
the
last
necessity
,
and
the
Baptism
of
Infants
.
The
dead
bodies
were
carried
out
of
the
Towns
,
as
if
they
had
been
the
bodies
of
Dogs
,
and
buried
by
the
High-wayes
,
and
in
Ditches
,
without
Prayers
,
and
without
service
of
Priests
.
By
the
same
Interdict
all
Masses
,
Vespers
,
all
publick
Service
and
ringing
of
Bells
was
forbidden
,
and
the
Kingdom
was
exposed
to
rapine
and
prey
,
and
given
to
any
that
would
conquer
it
:
Only
the
King
was
not
excommunicated
by
name
,
but
that
was
done
the
next
year
after
.
Next
,
Pope
Innocent
deposed
King
John
from
the
Kingdom
of
England
,
and
absolved
the
English
from
the
Oath
of
their
Allegiance
,
and
commanded
Philip
August
King
of
France
,
that
for
the
remission
of
his
sins
he
should
invade
the
Kingdom
of
England
with
force
of
Arms
,
giving
to
those
that
should
follow
the
King
in
that
Conquest
,
the
pardon
of
all
their
sins
,
and
the
same
Graces
and
Pardons
,
as
to
them
that
visit
the
holy
Sepulchre
.
Whereupon
the
said
King
Philip
,
partly
to
obtain
the
remission
of
his
sins
,
partly
to
make
himself
Master
of
England
,
raised
a
mighty
Army
,
whilst
Innocent
was
stirring
up
the
English
to
rise
against
their
King
.
This
moved
King
John
to
humble
himself
under
the
Pope
,
and
to
receive
such
Conditions
as
liked
him
best
.
The
Conditions
were
,
That
the
King
should
yield
unto
the
Pope
the
whole
right
of
Patronage
of
all
the
Benefices
of
his
Kingdom
.
That
to
obtain
Absolution
of
his
sins
,
he
should
pay
to
the
Clergy
of
Canterbury
,
and
to
other
Prelates
,
the
sum
of
eight
thousand
pounds
Sterling
.
That
he
should
satisfie
for
the
damages
done
to
the
Church
according
to
the
Judgment
of
the
Pope's
Legat.
That
the
said
King
should
resign
his
Crown
into
the
Pope's
hand
,
with
his
Kingdoms
of
England
and
Ireland
;
for
which
Letters
were
formed
and
given
to
Pandulphus
the
Pope's
Legat.
King
John
being
informed
that
his
Archbishops
,
Bishops
and
Clergy
,
intended
to
hold
a
Council
at
St.
Albans
by
the
command
of
Pope
Innocent
the
Third
,
about
the
payment
of
Rome-scot
against
custom
,
and
sundry
other
unusual
Exactions
,
to
the
great
destruction
of
the
whole
Realm
,
upon
complaint
thereof
by
his
Nobles
and
People
,
issued
out
a
Prohibition
to
them
,
expresly
forbidding
them
upon
their
Allegiance
,
not
to
hold
any
Council
there
,
by
the
Popes
or
any
other
Authority
,
nor
to
consult
or
treat
of
those
things
,
nor
to
act
or
ordain
any
thing
against
the
custom
of
the
Realm
,
as
they
tendered
his
Honour
,
or
the
tranquillity
of
the
Kingdom
,
until
he
conferred
with
the
general
Council
of
his
Realms
about
it
.
Thomas
Sprot
.
Speed
's
History
,
p.
571.
During
this
Interdict
,
Alexander
Cementarius
,
Abbot
of
the
Benedictines
at
Canterbury
,
Vir
corpore
Elegantissimus
,
facie
Venerabilis
,
literarum
plenitudine
imbutus
,
ita
ut
Parisiis
celebris
haberetur
,
Magister
et
Rector
,
et
Lector
in
Theologia
,
was
sent
by
King
John
unto
Rome
,
where
he
openly
pleaded
and
fomented
the
King's
Cause
against
the
Pope
.
He
maintained
there
,
That
there
is
no
Power
under
God
,
higher
than
a
King
;
and
That
the
Clergy
should
not
have
Temporal
government
.
He
proved
these
two
Articles
by
Scripture
and
Reason
,
and
by
testimony
of
Gregory
the
First
in
an
Epistle
to
Augustine
Bishop
of
Canterbury
.
Anno
1209.
in
the
tenth
year
of
King
John
,
Henry
.
Fitz-Alan
was
sworn
first
Mayor
of
London
,
and
Peter
Duke
with
Thomus
Neal
sworn
for
Sheriffs
:
And
London-bridge
began
to
be
built
with
Stone
;
and
St.
Saviours
in
Southwark
the
same
year
.
He
wrote
three
Books
against
the
Popes
Usurpations
and
Power
,
viz.
De
Cessione
Papali
,
De
Ecclesiae
potestate
,
De
potestate
Vicaria
,
in
defence
of
his
Sovereign
King
John
;
for
which
his
Loyalty
he
was
afterwards
,
by
the
Pope's
Power
,
deprived
of
all
his
Benefices
by
Pandulphus
the
Pope's
Legat
(
after
King
John's
surrender
of
his
Crown
)
and
enforced
to
beg
his
Bread
.
King
John
having
seized
and
detained
in
his
hands
the
Temporalties
of
the
Archbishoprick
of
Armach
in
Ireland
,
for
that
the
Bishop
was
elected
without
his
License
,
against
his
Will
and
Appeal
,
two
Monks
coming
to
him
,
proffering
him
three
hundred
Marks
in
Silver
,
and
three
Marks
a
year
in
Gold
,
for
to
have
the
Lands
,
Liberties
,
and
Rights
thereof
,
he
by
his
Writ
returned
them
to
his
Chief
Justice
there
,
to
do
what
was
fitting
in
it
.
John
Reumond
coming
from
Rome
to
lay
claim
to
a
Prebendary
in
Hastings
,
sued
to
the
King
for
his
License
and
safe
conduct
to
come
into
and
return
from
England
,
which
he
granted
upon
this
condition
,
that
upon
his
arrival
he
should
give
security
,
that
he
came
hither
for
no
ill
to
the
King
,
nor
for
any
other
business
but
that
Prebendary
.
The
like
License
he
granted
to
Simon
Langton
the
Archbishop's
Brother
,
upon
the
same
and
stricter
conditions
.
King
John
sent
a
memorable
Letter
to
the
Pope
by
special
Messengers
,
to
claim
and
justifie
this
ancient
and
undoubted
Right
which
He
and
his
Royal
Ancestors
enjoyed
;
to
provide
and
prefer
Archbishops
and
Bishops
to
the
See
of
Canterbury
,
and
all
other
Cathedrals
,
attested
by
the
Letters
of
the
Bishops
of
England
,
and
other
credible
persons
,
desiring
him
to
preserve
the
rights
of
the
Church
and
Realm
of
England
entire
and
inviolable
by
his
Fatherly
provision
.
Then
the
King
entred
into
a
League
with
Otho
the
Emperour
,
Mat.
Westminst.
and
forced
John
King
of
Scots
,
who
received
his
fugitive
Subjects
,
and
harboured
them
in
his
Kingdom
,
to
send
to
him
for
peace
,
to
pay
him
eleven
thousand
Marks
to
purchase
his
peace
with
him
,
and
to
put
in
Hostages
for
his
fidelity
without
any
Fight
between
them
.
Yea
,
the
the
Welch-men
themselves
,
formerly
rebellious
,
soon
after
his
return
from
Scotland
,
voluntarily
repaired
to
him
at
Woodstock
,
and
there
did
homage
to
him
.
After
which
,
Anno
1211.
he
entring
into
Wales
with
a
great
Army
as
far
as
Snowdown
,
Reges
omnes
&
Nobiles
sine
contradictione
subjugavit
,
de
subjectione
in
posterum
obsides
viginti
octo
suscepit
,
&
inde
cum
prosperitate
ad
Albani
Monasterium
remeavit
,
Lewellin
Prince
of
North-Wales
being
enforced
to
render
himself
to
mercy
,
without
any
Battel
at
all
.
When
the
Pope's
Absolution
of
the
Nobles
and
all
other
Subjects
from
the
King's
Allegiance
would
not
shake
his
magnanimous
resolution
,
nor
his
Peoples
loyalty
;
P●ynne's
History
.
Book
3.
ch.
3.
the
Pope's
Legats
,
Pandulphus
and
Durance
,
forged
new
devises
to
effect
their
designs
by
fraud
and
terror
;
to
which
purpose
they
procured
sundry
Letters
from
divers
Quarters
to
be
brought
unto
him
,
whilst
he
sate
at
dinner
at
Nottingham
,
intending
to
set
upon
the
Welch-men
with
a
potent
Army
(
whom
they
had
stirred
up
to
rebel
against
him
,
and
invade
England
)
to
divert
him
from
his
design
;
all
to
this
effect
,
That
there
was
a
secret
Plot
laid
to
destroy
him
.
He
marched
to
Chester
,
where
he
met
with
new
Letters
to
the
like
effect
:
which
caused
him
to
dismiss
his
Army
,
and
design
against
the
Welch-men
.
Besides
,
the
Popish
Priests
set
up
one
Peter
an
Hermite
,
a
counterfeit
Prophet
,
to
terrifie
the
King
,
and
alienate
the
peoples
hearts
from
him
by
his
false
Prophesies
.
This
counterfeit
Sooth-sayer
prophesied
,
That
King
John
should
reign
no
longer
than
the
Ascension-day
,
within
the
year
of
our
Lord
,
1213.
which
was
the
fourteenth
from
his
Coronation
;
and
this
(
he
said
)
he
had
by
Revelation
.
When
the
Ascension-day
was
come
,
the
King
commanded
his
Regal
Tent
to
be
spread
abroad
in
the
open
field
,
passing
that
day
with
his
noble
Council
and
Men
of
Honour
,
in
the
greatest
solemnity
that
ever
he
did
before
,
solacing
himself
with
musical
Songs
and
Instruments
,
most
in
sight
of
his
trusty
Friends
.
This
day
being
past
in
all
prosperity
and
mirth
,
the
King
commanded
,
that
Peter
the
Hermite
,
that
false
Prophet
,
should
be
drawn
,
and
hanged
like
a
Traitor
.
Now
behold
the
misery
of
King
John
,
perplexed
with
the
French
King
's
daily
preparation
to
invade
England
,
assisted
by
many
English
male-contents
,
and
all
the
exil'd
Bishops
.
Hereupon
he
sunk
on
a
sudden
beneath
himself
,
to
an
act
of
unworthy
submission
and
subjection
to
the
Pope
.
For
on
Ascension-Eve
,
May
15.
being
in
the
Town
of
Dover
(
standing
as
it
were
on
tiptoes
,
on
the
utmost
edge
,
brink
,
and
label
of
that
Land
,
which
now
he
was
about
to
surrender
)
King
John
by
an
Instrument
,
or
Charter
sealed
,
and
solemnly
delivered
in
the
presence
of
many
Prelats
and
Nobles
,
to
Pandulphus
the
Pope's
Legat
,
granted
to
God
and
the
Church
of
Rome
,
the
Apostles
Peter
and
Paul
,
and
to
Pope
Innocent
the
Third
and
his
Successors
,
the
whole
Kingdom
of
England
and
Ireland
.
Fuller's
Church
History
.
Book
3.
And
took
an
Estate
thereof
back
again
,
yielding
and
paying
yearly
to
the
Church
of
Rome
(
over
and
above
the
Peter-pence
)
a
thousand
Marks
Sterling
,
viz.
seven
hundred
for
England
,
and
three
hundred
for
Ireland
.
In
the
passing
hereof
,
the
King's
Instrument
to
the
Pope
was
sealed
with
a
Seal
of
Gold
,
and
the
Pope's
to
the
King
was
sealed
with
a
Seal
of
Lead
.
This
being
done
,
the
King
took
the
Crown
off
his
Head
,
and
set
it
upon
Pandulphus
his
Knees
(
at
whose
feet
he
also
laid
his
Scepter
,
Robe
,
Sword
and
Ring
,
his
Royal
Ensigns
,
as
John
de
Serres
relates
)
and
these
words
said
he
in
hearing
of
all
the
great
Lords
of
England
.
Here
I
resign
up
the
Crown
and
the
Realm
of
England
into
the
hands
of
Pope
Innocentius
the
Third
,
and
put
me
wholly
in
his
mercy
,
and
in
his
ordinance
.
Then
Pandulph
received
the
Crown
of
King
John
,
and
kept
it
five
dayes
in
his
hands
,
and
confirmed
all
things
by
his
Charter
.
Now
the
Pope's
next
design
was
,
how
to
take
off
,
and
pacifie
the
French
King
from
his
intended
Invasions
,
and
so
sent
the
Archbishop
and
his
Confederates
into
England
,
there
to
insult
over
King
John
,
as
they
had
done
abroad
.
Next
year
the
Interdict
was
taken
off
the
Kingdom
,
and
a
general
joy
was
over
the
Land
.
The
seventeenth
of
August
following
the
exiled
Bishops
landed
at
Dover
,
and
were
conducted
in
State
to
the
King
at
Winchester
?
the
King
's
extraordinary
humbling
to
,
and
begging
pardon
of
them
,
prostrating
himself
to
the
ground
at
their
feet
,
and
their
insolent
carriage
toward
him
,
is
related
by
Matthew
Paris
.
The
next
day
after
their
coming
to
Winchester
,
the
King
issued
out
Writs
to
all
the
Sheriffs
of
England
,
to
enquire
of
their
damages
.
There
were
other
Writs
sent
to
the
Kings
Judges
,
to
proceed
in
the
said
Inquisition
.
After
this
general
compliance
with
them
,
the
King
conceiving
he
had
given
them
full
content
,
and
setled
all
things
in
peace
,
resolved
to
pass
with
an
Army
into
Picardy
,
whither
the
Nobles
refused
to
follow
him
.
In
the
mean
time
the
Archbishop
,
Bishop
,
Nobles
,
meeting
at
St.
Albans
about
the
damages
to
be
restored
by
the
King
to
the
Prelates
,
during
their
exile
,
fell
to
demand
the
confirmation
of
their
Liberties
,
granted
by
his
Grandfather
King
Henry
the
first
,
which
the
King
condescended
unto
.
Soon
after
the
Archbishop
caused
all
the
Bishops
,
Abbots
,
Priors
,
Deans
,
and
Nobles
of
the
Realm
to
meet
together
at
London
,
upon
pretext
of
satisfying
his
and
the
exiled
Bishops
damages
,
but
in
verity
to
engage
in
a
new
Rebellion
against
the
Crown
,
and
confer
it
on
Lewis
the
French
King's
Son
,
as
they
did
in
the
conclusion
,
under
pretence
of
demanding
the
confirming
the
Charter
and
Liberties
granted
by
King
Henry
the
first
,
there
produced
by
the
Archbishop
,
which
the
King
had
but
newly
ratified
at
St.
Albans
.
Pandulphus
,
besides
his
former
insolencies
,
endeavoured
to
wrest
,
out
of
the
King's
hand
,
the
power
of
imprisoning
Clerks
for
Fellonies
,
that
so
they
might
be
at
his
own
disposal
,
and
act
any
villanies
with
impunity
.
King
John
being
thus
distressed
,
sent
a
base
and
unchristian-like
Ambassage
to
Admiralius
Murmelius
,
a
Mahometan
,
King
of
Morocco
,
then
very
potent
,
and
possessing
a
great
part
of
Spain
;
offering
him
,
if
he
would
send
him
succour
,
to
hold
the
Kingdom
of
England
as
a
Vassal
from
him
,
and
to
receive
the
Law
of
Mahomet
,
saith
Matthew
Paris
.
The
Moor
offended
at
his
offer
,
told
the
Ambassadours
,
That
he
lately
had
read
Paul's
Epistles
,
Modò
inspexi
l●brum
in
Graeco
scriptum
,
cuju●dam
Graeci
sapientis
,
&
Christiani
,
nomine
Pauli
;
cujus
actus
&
veroa
mihi
maximè
complacent
&
accepto
.
Vnum
tamen
de
ipso
mihi
displicet
,
quod
in
lege
sub
quâ
natus
est
non
stetit
;
sed
ad
alia
tāquam
transfuga
,
&
inconstans
avolvit
.
which
for
the
matter
liked
him
well
,
save
only
that
Paul
had
renounced
that
Faith
,
wherein
he
was
born
,
and
the
Jewish
profession
.
Wherefore
he
slighted
King
John
as
one
devoid
both
of
piety
and
policy
,
who
would
love
his
liberty
,
and
disclaim
his
Religion
.
A
strange
tender
,
if
true
.
But
Mr.
Prynne
proveth
it
to
be
a
most
scandalous
malitious
forgery
of
this
Monk
of
St.
Albans
against
the
King
for
sequestring
that
Abbey
.
Philip
King
of
France
,
together
with
his
Son
Lewis
,
and
his
Proctor
,
and
all
the
Nobles
of
France
,
Anno
1216.
with
his
own
mouth
protested
against
this
Charter
and
resignation
to
Walo
the
Pope's
own
Legat
,
(
when
purposely
sent
to
them
by
Pope
Innocent
,
to
disswade
them
from
invading
England
,
as
being
then
St.
Peter's
Patrimony
)
not
only
as
null
,
void
in
it self
for
several
Reasons
,
but
of
most
pernitious
example
.
King
John
out
of
his
piety
,
to
prevent
profanations
of
the
Lord's-day
,
removed
the
Market
of
the
City
of
Exeter
from
the
Lord's-day
,
whereon
it
was
formerly
kept
,
to
the
Monday
.
This
King
to
ingratiate
himself
with
the
Romish
Cardinals
and
Court
,
granted
them
annual
Pensions
out
of
his
Exchequer
,
the
Arrears
whereof
he
ordered
to
be
satisfied
in
the
first
place
,
and
likewise
gave
Benefices
or
Prebends
to
their
Nephews
and
Creatures
.
Moreover
to
gratifie
Stephen
Langton
,
his
great
Enemy
,
he
granted
the
Patronage
of
the
Bishoprick
of
Rochester
to
him
and
his
Successors
:
and
to
the
Bishop
of
Ely
he
granted
the
Patronage
of
the
Abbey
of
Torney
.
Mr.
Prynne
,
who
kept
the
Records
of
the
Tower
,
tells
us
,
that
upon
strictest
search
he
could
find
no
payment
of
the
foresaid
Annuity
,
or
Oblation
to
Pope
Innocent
by
King
John
himself
who
granted
it
,
but
only
for
one
year
before
hand
,
when
he
sealed
his
Charter
,
who
dying
about
three
years
after
,
during
which
time
his
Kingdom
was
infested
with
Civil
Wars
between
him
and
his
Barons
,
invaded
by
Lewis
of
France
,
who
was
made
King
by
the
Barons
in
his
stead
,
his
Lands
,
Rents
seized
,
his
Treasure
exhausted
,
and
the
People
every
where
miserably
plundered
,
it
is
probable
that
●here
neither
was
nor
could
be
expected
any
other
punctual
payment
of
it
.
The
Pope
and
his
Legat
Nicholas
,
having
in
a
manner
bereaved
King
John
of
his
Regal
Dignity
,
and
Authority
,
began
forthwith
to
play
Rex
:
they
usurped
the
Sovereign
Authority
both
in
Church
and
State
,
presenting
to
all
Bishopricks
,
Matth.
Paris
.
Hist.
Anglic.
p.
237
,
238.
Abbies
,
Spiritual
promotions
,
and
Benefices
then
void
,
without
the
Patrons
consent
,
by
way
of
Provision
and
Collation
,
to
the
prejudice
of
the
Crown
,
and
enthralling
of
the
Church
of
England
,
not
vouchsafing
to
consult
either
with
the
King
himself
,
the
Archbishop
,
or
Bishops
concerning
their
disposal
.
This
was
the
very
original
of
Pope's
Provisions
,
and
disposals
of
Bishopricks
,
Abbies
,
with
all
sorts
of
Spiritual
promotions
and
Benefices
in
England
:
no
Pope
presuming
to
confer
any
Bishoprick
,
Benefice
,
or
Prebendary
,
in
France
,
or
England
,
Vsque
ad
tempora
Domini
Innocentii
tertii
,
qui
primus
assumpsit
sibi
jus
istud
in
tempore
suo
,
as
the
French
Agent
remonstrated
to
Pope
Innocent
the
Fourth
.
These
Provisions
soon
overflowed
the
Church
of
England
(
and
France
too
)
for
many
succeeding
Ages
,
notwithstanding
all
oppositions
and
complaints
against
them
.
Which
the
Archbishop
and
Bishops
foreseeing
,
perceiving
withall
the
Legat
more
ready
to
gratifie
the
King
and
his
Clerks
in
the
disposal
of
Bishopricks
and
Ecclesiastical
preferments
than
themselves
,
meeting
together
at
Dunstaple
,
drew
up
an
Appeal
against
his
proceedings
,
which
he
slighting
and
sending
to
Rome
by
Pandulphus
,
together
with
King
John's
Charter
,
so
highly
magnified
the
King
,
and
made
such
complaints
to
the
Pope
against
the
Archbishop
and
Bishops
,
as
frustrated
their
Appeal
.
King
John
having
satisfied
and
secured
the
damages
of
the
Exiled
Bishops
and
Monks
before
the
Interdict
released
,
according
to
his
agreement
;
other
Abbots
,
Priors
,
Clergy-men
and
Lay-men
repaired
to
the
Legat
,
craving
full
satisfaction
also
for
their
damages
,
sustained
by
the
King's
proceedings
during
the
Interdict
,
though
never
insisted
on
before
.
The
King
issued
out
two
Writs
on
behalf
of
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
and
the
Bishop
of
Lincoln
,
to
restore
them
to
the
possession
of
their
Temporalties
in
the
Cinque-ports
,
and
other
places
.
Yet
on
the
contrary
,
all
the
Bishops
and
Clergy-men
,
who
faithfully
adhered
to
the
King
,
and
communicated
with
him
,
or
any
other
excommunicated
person
,
or
received
any
Benefices
from
them
during
the
Interdict
,
were
by
these
Prelates
(
now
made
their
Judges
)
and
Pope's
censures
,
ordered
to
be
suspended
from
all
their
Ecclesiastical
Offices
,
Benefices
,
Preferments
,
and
ordered
to
appear
personally
at
Rome
before
the
Pope
,
to
be
examined
,
ere
their
Suspensions
released
,
except
only
such
as
had
given
satisfaction
to
the
Church
for
this
offence
.
The
turbulent
Archbishop
stirred
up
the
Barons
to
a
new
Insurrection
,
against
the
King
,
about
their
Liberties
,
who
coming
all
to
the
King
after
Christmas
,
Anno
1215.
demanded
the
confirmation
of
their
Charter
,
who
craved
time
to
advise
thereon
till
after
Easter
,
the
Archbishop
and
two
more
becoming
his
Sureties
,
that
then
he
should
give
satisfaction
to
all
of
them
.
The
Barons
against
the
time
,
rather
preparing
themselves
for
a
Battel
,
than
Conference
with
the
King
,
assembled
together
at
Stamford
with
a
mighty
Army
,
having
Archbishop
Stephen
their
principal
Abettor
,
who
yet
seemed
to
side
with
the
King
,
and
was
most
assiduous
about
him
.
The
Barons
marching
as
far
as
Brackley
,
the
King
sent
the
Archbishp
to
treat
with
them
,
who
brought
back
a
Schedule
of
their
claimed
Liberties
,
with
this
Message
,
That
if
he
presently
confirmed
them
not
to
them
by
his
Charter
,
they
would
force
him
to
it
,
by
seizing
all
his
Castles
and
Provisions
.
Whereupon
the
King
replied
,
Why
do
they
not
also
demand
the
Kingdom
?
swearing
never
to
enslave
himself
to
such
a
concession
.
The
Archbishop
returning
with
this
peremptory
Answer
,
the
Barons
forthwith
seized
Bedford-Castle
,
and
were
admitted
into
London
,
the
Citizens
siding
with
them
.
Whereupon
the
King
appointed
to
treat
with
them
at
Running-mead
,
whither
the
Barons
came
with
armed
multitudes
from
all
parts
of
the
Realm
,
whereafter
some
parley
,
the
King
granted
them
their
desires
,
not
only
for
their
Liberties
specified
in
Magna
Charta
,
and
Charta
Forrestae
,
which
he
then
sealed
,
and
by
his
Writs
commanded
to
be
put
in
due
execution
,
but
also
that
twenty
five
Peers
elected
by
them
(
to
whom
all
were
sworn
to
obey
)
should
force
the
King
to
observe
these
Charters
(
if
ever
he
receded
from
them
)
by
seizing
all
his
Castles
.
Juratum
est
a
parte
Regis
;
Quod
Anglicana
Ecclesia
libera
sit
,
&c.
It
was
sworn
on
the
Kings
part
,
that
the
Church
of
England
is
free
,
and
all
men
of
our
Kingdom
,
have
and
do
hold
all
the
foresaid
Liberties
,
Rights
and
Customs
,
well
and
peaceably
,
freely
and
quietly
,
fully
and
wholly
to
themselves
and
their
Heirs
,
&c.
All
the
Barons
and
Commons
of
the
Realm
then
and
afterwards
taking
the
same
Oath
.
The
Archbishop
and
Barons
thrust
into
this
new
Charter
many
Articles
and
Clauses
,
for
their
own
,
the
Churches
,
and
Pope's
advantage
,
not
extant
in
the
Charter
of
King
Henry
the
First
,
as
may
be
seen
in
Matthew
Paris
his
History
.
This
Charter
(
though
it
saved
a
great
part
of
the
King's
Prerogative
to
petition
him
and
his
Heirs
for
Licenses
to
elect
,
and
for
his
Assent
)
gave
a
great
wound
to
his
Ecclesiastical
Supremacy
;
and
made
all
Chapters
,
Covents
,
Bishops
,
Monks
,
yea
Popes
and
their
Agents
to
slight
his
Regal
Authority
and
Licenses
too
,
insomuch
that
he
could
prefer
no
person
to
any
Bishoprick
,
Monastery
,
or
elective
Dignity
,
but
whom
the
Electors
pleased
to
make
choice
of
.
King
John
withdrawing
and
obscuring
himself
from
his
Bishops
and
Barons
in
the
Isle
of
Wight
,
sent
Messengers
secretly
to
Rome
,
to
complain
and
appeal
to
the
Pope
against
their
Treasons
,
Rebellions
,
and
the
Charters
forcibly
extorted
from
him
,
whilst
under
the
Pope's
protection
,
who
thereupon
vacated
the
Charters
.
Then
the
Archbishop
:
to
demonstrate
his
gratitude
to
King
John
,
for
the
Patronage
and
Royalty
of
the
Bishoprick
of
Rochester
,
newly
conferred
on
him
and
his
Successors
,
delivered
up
Rochester
Castle
,
with
all
the
Ammunition
therein
to
the
Barons
.
King
John
after
three
months
siege
took
it
,
by
force
,
out
of
the
Barons
hands
,
who
proceeding
in
their
Rebellions
against
the
King
,
the
Pope
excommunicated
them
The
Pope's
Agents
gave
the
Archbishop
a
personal
command
to
execute
the
Excommunication
,
which
he
delayed
to
do
,
whereupon
they
suspended
him
.
King
John
complained
to
the
Pope
of
the
Barons
obstinacy
,
and
how
the
Archbishop
refused
to
Excommunicate
them
.
Soon
after
there
was
a
General
Council
held
at
Rome
,
to
which
the
Archbishop
was
summoned
,
and
there
suspended
from
his
Archbishoprick
upon
the
King's
complaints
against
him
.
When
this
suspension
of
the
Archbishop
was
executed
,
the
Pope
commanded
all
his
Suffragans
and
Subjects
to
disobey
him
,
till
by
his
humiliation
,
and
giving
sufficient
caution
for
his
future
deportment
,
he
should
demerit
it
.
A
just
retaliation
inflicted
by
God's
providence
on
this
Arch-enemy
to
King
John
.
The
Archbishoprick
of
York
becoming
void
,
the
King
,
by
his
Letters
Patents
,
granted
the
Chapter
of
York
a
License
to
elect
a
new
Archbishop
,
in
the
presence
of
five
Commissioners
therein
specially
named
,
and
with
their
consents
,
to
prevent
the
Election
of
Simon
Langton
,
the
Archbishop's
Brother
,
this
being
the
first
License
after
his
forecited
Charter
to
the
Archbishop
and
Bishops
,
for
the
freedom
of
Elections
.
After
which
the
King
sent
his
Patent
of
Appeal
to
the
Chapter
of
York
,
in
general
termes
,
not
to
Elect
any
Person
for
their
Archbishop
,
suspected
to
be
an
enemy
to
him
,
to
avoid
all
misconstructions
of
his
former
Charter
for
freedom
of
Elections
.
He
also
secretly
prohibited
them
to
Elect
Simon
Langton
by
name
,
to
whom
he
would
never
give
his
Royal
Assent
.
This
Chapter
,
notwithstanding
the
King
's
and
Pope's
Inhibition
likewise
,
to
gratifie
Stephen
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
Elected
Simon
Langton
,
his
Brother
,
Archbishop
of
York
.
And
the
Canons
of
York
appearing
in
the
Council
at
Rome
,
justified
their
Election
,
and
presented
Simon
Langton
to
the
Pope
for
their
Archbishop
Elect
,
and
pressed
his
Confirmation
of
him
.
The
Covent
and
Monks
of
Durham
affronted
King
John
in
the
Election
of
their
Bishop
,
whereupon
he
was
enforced
to
make
use
of
the
Pope's
and
Legate's
power
,
and
yet
could
not
effect
his
ends
.
But
the
Pope
obtains
His
,
to
dispose
of
all
Elections
and
Bishopricks
at
his
pleasure
.
The
same
year
the
King
,
with
some
strugling
,
procured
R.
de
Marisco
,
to
be
Bishop
of
Winchester
.
Yet
we
find
not
,
in
any
of
our
Historians
,
that
he
was
ever
Consecrated
Bishop
of
Winchester
,
notwithstanding
his
Election
,
and
the
King's
approbation
,
and
Letters
to
the
Pope's
Legate
on
his
behalf
;
so
that
,
he
miscarried
in
this
design
,
as
he
did
in
that
of
Hugh
Foliot
to
St.
Davids
.
Neither
did
he
succeed
in
his
recommendation
of
three
several
Persons
to
the
Prior
and
Covent
of
Ramsey
.
Then
the
Monk's
of
Glastonbury
prevailed
,
with
Money
,
to
have
their
Abbey
severed
from
the
Bishoprick
of
Bath
and
Wells
,
and
to
be
governed
by
an
Abbot
as
formerly
,
parting
with
●o
less
than
four
Manors
,
and
the
Patronage
of
six
Benefices
to
Joceline
Bishop
of
Bath
and
Wells
,
and
his
Successors
,
by
way
of
composition
,
to
obtain
this
disunion
.
Then
the
Pope
exempted
King
John's
Chappels
from
Episcopal
Excommunication
and
Jurisdiction
,
without
the
Pope's
special
command
,
which
by
the
Lawes
of
the
Realm
were
exempted
from
them
long
before
.
The
Barons
and
the
Londoners
slighted
the
Pope's
Excommunication
,
and
so
doth
Lewis
of
France
,
the
Ini●ition
of
the
Pope
and
his
Legate
,
not
to
invade
England
.
In
the
mean
time
Lewis
his
Proctors
at
Rome
pleaded
,
that
King
John
had
no
good
Title
to
the
Crown
of
England
,
shewing
Lewis
his
Title
thereunto
:
which
put
Pope
Innocent
to
a
great
dilemma
.
But
the
Pope
himself
became
King
John's
Advocate
,
as
well
as
Judge
,
not
as
King
of
England
,
but
onely
because
he
was
his
Vassal
.
Then
was
England
miserably
wasted
by
Lewis
and
his
Army
in
the
East
and
South
,
and
by
King
John
in
the
West
and
North
,
whereupon
forty
of
the
Barons
became
sensible
of
their
error
in
rejecting
King
John
,
and
in
calling
in
and
Crowning
Lewis
for
their
King
;
and
being
likewise
informed
by
Viscount
Melun
on
his
death-bed
,
upon
his
Salvation
,
That
Lewis
,
and
XVI
.
others
of
his
chief
Barons
and
Earls
,
whereof
himself
was
one
,
had
taken
an
Oath
,
That
if
ever
the
Crown
of
England
were
quietly
setled
on
his
Head
,
he
would
condemn
to
perpetual
Exile
all
the
English
who
now
adhered
to
him
against
King
John
,
as
Traitors
to
their
Lawful
Sovereign
,
and
would
actually
extirpate
all
their
kindred
:
advising
them
timely
to
prevent
their
miseries
,
and
lock
up
his
words
under
the
Seal
of
secrecy
;
thereupon
addressed
themselves
with
their
Letters
of
submission
to
King
John
,
but
before
these
Letters
were
delivered
,
or
any
Answer
returned
,
the
King
was
poisoned
by
one
Simon
a
Monk
of
Swinshed-Abbey
in
Lincoln-shire
,
of
which
poison
he
died
.
When
he
saw
his
Death
approaching
,
he
with
penitent
Confession
of
his
sins
,
and
great
Devotion
,
received
the
holy
Eucharist
,
having
the
Abbot
of
Croxton
both
for
his
Bodily
and
Ghostly
Phisitian
;
and
then
not
onely
forgave
all
his
Mortal
Enemies
,
but
also
sent
Command
to
Henry
his
Son
to
do
the
like
,
to
whom
he
caused
all
present
to
Swear
Fealty
,
and
sent
Letters
to
all
his
Officers
abroad
to
assist
him
.
After
which
he
commended
his
Soul
to
God
,
and
his
Body
to
be
interred
in
the
Church
of
Worcester
:
Where
he
was
afterwards
solemnly
buried
near
the
Body
of
Bishop
Wolston
.
In
this
year
1216.
flourished
Walter
Mapez
,
Archdeacon
of
Oxford
,
a
very
Witty
Man
,
who
in
his
Verses
,
painted
forth
in
lively
Colours
the
Life
of
the
Pope
,
the
Affections
and
Rape
of
the
Court
of
Rome
,
the
Excess
and
Pride
of
the
Popish
Prelates
,
as
may
be
Read
in
his
Book
,
Entitled
,
Diverse
Poems
of
the
corrupt
state
of
the
Church
.
He
composed
a
Treatise
,
Entitled
,
Apocalypsis
Pontificis
Goliath
,
by
which
name
he
signified
,
that
Antichrist
was
revealed
in
the
Pope
.
Also
Praedicationem
Goliath
;
and
other
Treatises
against
the
Pope
and
his
Court
,
and
of
the
dayes
of
the
Court
of
Rome
.
Giraldus
Cambrensis
mentioneth
him
in
his
Mirror
of
the
Church
,
and
saith
,
That
he
was
a
Man
in
that
Age
in
great
estimation
.
His
Poetical
description
of
the
City
,
Popes
,
and
Court
of
Rome
,
I
shall
here
set
down
.
Roma
caput
mundi
,
sed
nil
caput
mundum
:
Quod
pendet
a
Capite
,
totum
est
immundum
.
Trahit
enim
vitium
primum
&
secundum
;
Et
de
fundo
redolet
,
quod
est
juxta
fundum
.
Roma
capit
singulos
,
&
res
singulorum
,
Romanorum
Curia
non
est
nisi
forum
:
Ibi
sunt
venalia
jura
Senatorum
,
Et
solvit
contraria
,
copia
numm●rum
.
In
hoc
consistorio
si
quis
causam
regat
,
Suam
vel
alterius
,
hic
inprimis
legat
:
Nisi
det
pecuniam
,
Roma
totum
negat
,
Qui
plus
dat
pecunia
,
melius
allegat
.
Romani
capitulum
habent
in
decretis
,
Vt
potentes
audiant
manibus
repletis
.
Dabis
,
aut
non
dabitur
,
potunt
quando
petis
,
Qua
mensura
seminas
,
eadem
tu
metis
.
Munus
&
petitio
currunt
passu
pari
,
Opereris
munere
,
si
vis
operari
.
Tullium
nec
timeas
,
si
velit
causari
,
Munus
Eloquentia
gaudet
singulari
.
Nummis
in
hac
Curia
non
est
qui
non
vacet
.
Crux
placet
,
Rotunditas
placet
,
totum
placet
,
Et
cum
ita
placeat
,
&
Romanis
placet
,
Vbi
munus
loquitur
,
&
lex
omnis
tacet
.
Cum
ad
Papam
veneris
,
habe
pro
constanti
:
Non
est
bonus
Pauperi
,
soli
favet
danti
.
Et
si
munus
praestitum
non
sit
aliquanti
,
Respondet
hic
tibi
sic
,
non
est
mihi
tanti
.
Papa
quaerit
,
Chartula
quaerit
,
Bulla
quaerit
,
P●rta
quaerit
,
Cardinal
quaerit
,
Cursor
quaerit
:
Sed
si
dares
omnibus
,
at
uni
deerit
;
Totum
mare
salsum
est
,
tota
causa
perit
.
About
that
time
Nigellus
Vireker
,
a
Learned
Monk
at
Canterbury
,
wrote
a
Book
,
De
abusu
rerum
Ecclesiae
,
and
sent
it
to
William
,
Bishop
of
Ely
,
Chancellor
of
England
.
In
this
Book
he
not
onely
rebuked
him
,
but
all
Teachers
under
the
Pope's
Tyranny
;
because
they
committed
the
Cure
of
Souls
unto
Children
,
Belly-gods
,
and
despisers
of
the
Sacred
Word
Henry
the
third
of
that
name
,
succeeded
his
Father
King
John
,
being
about
ten
years
old
,
and
was
Crowned
at
Glocester
by
a
part
of
the
Nobility
and
Clergy
(
upon
the
perswasion
of
William
Earl
Mareshall
,
Earl
of
Pembrook
,
a
Nobleman
of
great
Authority
)
the
rest
siding
with
the
French
Lewis
:
within
little
more
than
a
twelve
Moneth
he
recovered
the
entire
possession
of
his
Kingdom
.
In
Whitsun-week
the
Pope's
Legate
encouraged
the
King's
Army
to
fight
the
French
King's
Forces
at
Lincoln
:
and
after
a
sharp
conflict
they
routed
the
Barons
and
Lewis's
Forces
,
slew
and
took
many
of
them
Prisoners
,
with
the
loss
onely
of
three
Men
,
and
took
the
City
of
Lincoln
,
with
all
the
Treasure
and
baggage
of
the
Enemy
.
The
King's
Ships
watching
the
French
Fleet
at
Sea
,
transporting
Souldiers
and
supplies
unto
Lewis
,
took
Eustachius
a
Monk
,
their
Admiral
,
Prisoner
,
whose
Head
the
King's
Brother
Richard
cut
off
with
his
Sword
,
despising
the
great
sum
of
Money
which
he
proffered
for
his
Ransom
.
Soon
after
which
defeats
by
Land
and
Sea
,
both
Parties
had
a
conference
at
Stanes
,
and
came
to
an
Agreement
,
Septemb.
3.
and
Lewis
shamefully
departed
this
Realm
.
But
notwithstanding
this
Agreement
with
the
Barons
,
yet
the
Pope's
Legate
exempted
all
the
Bishops
,
Abbots
,
and
Clergy
,
out
of
this
Act
of
pacification
,
for
their
contempt
of
the
Pope's
Authority
,
that
he
might
dispose
of
their
Ecclesiastical
promotions
and
Benefices
to
his
Instruments
,
and
put
them
to
excessive
fines
at
the
present
,
to
fill
the
Pope's
and
his
own
Coffers
.
Claus
.
Anno
1.
H.
3.
m.
21.
&
Pat.
1.
H.
3.
m.
16.
intus
.
This
Legate
Gualo
did
bear
chief
sway
in
the
King's
Council
,
and
the
King
sealed
some
Letters
Patents
;
Sigillis
venerabilium
Patrum
,
Domini
Gualonis
Sancti
Martini
Presbyteri
Cardinalis
,
Apostolicae
sedis
Legati
,
&
Domini
Petri
Wintoniensis
Episcopi
;
and
sent
them
abroad
under
their
Seals
,
in
the
first
year
of
his
Reign
,
because
as
yet
he
had
no
Seal
.
The
Canons
of
Carlisle
contemning
both
the
Pope's
and
his
Legates
Authority
and
Censures
,
contumaciously
celebrating
Divine
Service
and
Sacraments
,
notwithstanding
their
Interdicts
,
adhering
and
Swearing
Fealty
to
the
King
of
Scots
,
King
Henrie's
and
the
Pope's
declared
enemy
;
yea
electing
an
interdicted
Clerk
for
their
Bishop
,
against
the
King's
and
Legate's
Wills
,
and
dividing
the
Revenues
of
the
Bishoprick
among
themselves
.
The
King's
Council
thereupon
sent
an
Epistle
to
Pope
Honorius
the
third
,
(
who
succeeded
Innocent
the
third
that
year
)
in
the
King's
name
,
totally
to
remove
these
Schismatical
Canons
,
and
place
Prebends
in
their
rooms
,
to
augment
the
Bishop's
Revenues
,
which
were
small
,
and
displace
the
intruded
Bishop
.
Upon
which
Letter
the
Pope
ordered
Gualo
his
Legate
,
by
the
King
's
Royal
assent
,
to
constitute
Hugh
Abbot
of
Beaulieu
,
Bishop
of
Carlisle
.
In
the
second
year
of
King
Henry
III.
the
Archbishop
of
Dublin
in
Ireland
,
and
other
Bishops
there
,
Usurping
upon
the
King's
Crown
and
Temporal
Courts
,
presumed
to
hold
pleas
,
in
their
Courts
Christian
,
of
Lay
fee
,
whereupon
there
issuing
Prohibitions
,
from
the
King's
Court
,
to
stay
these
Suits
,
they
proceeded
contemptuously
notwithstanding
,
upon
which
●here
issued
out
a
Writ
of
Attachment
against
them
,
to
appear
before
the
chief
Justice
of
Ireland
,
to
answer
the
contempt
.
In
the
third
year
of
King
Henry
the
third
,
the
Bishoprick
of
Leismore
(
united
formerly
to
the
Bishoprick
of
Waterford
,
by
the
Pope's
Legate
in
Ireland
,
while
the
Bishop
was
in
England
,
at
the
Consecration
of
the
Bishop
of
Carlisle
)
Macrobius
a
Canon
of
Leismore
,
procuring
an
election
from
the
rest
of
the
Canons
,
pretending
the
See
to
be
then
void
,
obtained
the
Legate's
and
King
's
Royal
assent
to
the
Election
and
Restitution
of
the
Temporalties
;
whereof
the
Bishop
of
Waterford
complaining
to
the
King
,
the
King
nulled
that
election
,
and
commanded
the
Bishop
to
be
put
in
possession
of
his
Temporalties
.
The
Bishop
of
Ely
going
into
France
,
after
Lewis
his
return
thither
,
reported
King
Henry
to
be
dead
,
and
laboured
to
stir
up
a
new
War
against
him
:
whereupon
the
King
wrote
to
the
Pope
to
deprive
him
,
and
bestow
his
Bishoprick
(
by
provision
)
upon
some
other
:
in
which
Letter
the
King
acknowledgeth
the
Pope's
great
favours
and
assistance
to
him
during
his
Infancy
,
puts
himself
and
his
Realms
under
the
protection
of
his
wings
,
and
(
by
way
of
Complement
)
stiles
them
the
Patrimony
of
the
Church
of
Rome
,
to
gain
the
Pope's
readier
protection
and
assistance
in
his
Suits
,
and
Wars
.
In
the
fourth
year
of
his
Reign
,
King
Henry
,
taking
notice
of
diverse
Usurpations
upon
the
right
of
his
Crown
in
Ireland
,
by
Covents
,
Deanes
,
and
Chapters
,
electing
Abbots
and
Bishops
as
they
became
void
,
and
the
chief
Justices
approving
them
without
his
Privity
,
License
,
or
Royal
assent
,
he
issued
out
a
Writ
to
his
chief
Justice
of
Ireland
to
reform
and
prevent
this
dangerous
Usurpation
for
the
future
.
This
year
the
Earl
of
Albemarle
refusing
to
deliver
up
,
to
the
King
,
some
of
his
Castles
and
Lands
committed
to
his
custody
,
for
which
he
was
Excommunicated
by
the
Bishop
of
Norwich
,
and
the
Pope's
Legate
,
thereupon
the
King
issued
out
a
prohibition
to
all
his
Barons
and
Subjects
in
Lancashire
,
and
five
Counties
more
,
not
to
Aid
him
or
his
complices
,
but
to
avoid
them
as
Excommunicated
Persons
,
till
they
had
submitted
to
the
King
.
Ecclesiastical
Censures
were
then
commonly
inflicted
in
that
Age
for
Temporal
Offences
and
Rebellions
,
to
reduce
Men
to
obedience
to
the
King
,
as
well
as
to
the
Church
and
Pope
.
At
last
the
Earl
came
to
the
King
under
the
conduct
of
Walter
Archbishop
of
York
,
and
by
the
mediation
of
Pandulphus
the
Legate
,
was
reconciled
to
him
.
Anno
Domini
1221.
The
King
being
under
the
Wardship
of
Peter
Bishop
of
Winchester
,
was
,
on
Whitsunday
,
Crowned
the
second
time
at
Winchester
by
Stephen
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
.
Soon
after
which
there
being
a
difference
concerning
the
Bishoprick
of
Ely
,
between
Galfridus
de
Burgo
,
Archdeacon
of
Norwich
,
and
Robert
of
York
,
the
Pope
at
last
nulled
both
their
Elections
,
and
●onferred
the
Bishoprick
upon
John
Abbot
of
Fontain
,
who
was
Consecrated
at
Westminster
.
The
same
year
and
day
,
Hugh
Bishop
of
Lincoln
was
Canonized
a
Saint
,
by
the
procurement
of
the
Archbishop
.
He
likewise
caused
his
Predecessor
Thomas
Becket
,
to
be
Translated
,
Enshrined
,
and
Adored
with
great
Solemnity
.
Most
of
the
English
,
many
of
the
French
Archbishops
,
Bishops
,
Abbots
,
Priors
,
Clergy
,
and
of
other
Countries
,
were
,
by
the
Archbishop's
invitation
,
present
at
Thomas
Becket's
Translation
.
The
translation
and
enshrining
of
Thomas
Becket
.
The
King
by
the
Legat's
,
and
his
Council's
advice
,
changed
the
Heathenish
,
and
long-continued
Trials
in
criminal
Causes
by
Fire
and
Water
,
into
other
ways
of
Trial
,
and
Punishments
,
by
Imprisonment
or
abjuring
the
Realm
Benedict
Bishop
of
Rochester
,
Richard
Bishop
of
Sarum
,
Hugh
Bishop
of
Lincoln
,
William
Bishop
of
Bath
and
Glastonbury
,
Richard
Bishop
of
Durham
,
Henry
Abbot
of
Ramsey
,
and
other
Clergy-men
,
were
all
made
Justices
Itinerants
this
year
.
Henry
Bishop
of
Landaff
dying
,
thereupon
Pandulphus
,
the
Pope's
Legate
,
conferred
it
upon
William
Prior
of
Goldcliff
.
William
de
Marisco
Bishop
of
London
,
of
his
own
accord
resigning
his
Bishoprick
,
Eustachius
de
Faucumberge
,
then
Treasurer
of
the
Exchequer
,
was
chosen
Bishop
of
London
,
whose
Election
was
confirmed
by
the
Legate
Pandulphus
.
This
Legate
sent
a
Letter
to
Peter
Bishop
of
Winton
,
and
Hugh
de
Burgh
,
to
prohibit
and
suppress
the
Usury
of
the
Jews
,
taken
from
Christians
,
and
to
stay
a
Suite
brought
by
a
Jew
against
the
Abbot
and
Covent
of
Westminster
before
the
Justices
of
the
Jews
,
wherein
he
exacted
usury
from
them
,
to
the
great
scandal
of
Christianity
,
and
the
King's
dishonour
,
and
to
joyn
some
discreet
Persons
with
the
Sheriff
in
each
County
for
the
collection
of
Amerciaments
,
to
prevent
their
Malice
and
Extortions
.
About
this
time
was
taken
an
Impostor
at
Oxford
having
five
wounds
in
his
Body
and
Members
,
sc.
in
his
Side
,
Hands
and
Feet
,
who
counterfeited
himself
to
be
Christ
,
with
two
Women
his
followers
,
counterfeiting
themselves
to
be
the
Virgin
Mary
,
the
Mother
of
Christ
,
and
Mary
Magdalen
.
They
were
immured
together
with
him
without
any
Victuals
,
and
starved
to
Death
.
Then
was
a
Council
held
at
Oxford
under
Archbishop
Stephen
,
where
many
Constitutions
were
made
,
most
of
them
being
very
useful
to
reform
Extortions
,
Abuses
,
Procurations
in
Visitations
,
the
taking
of
any
Fees
for
Letters
of
Order
,
Funerals
,
or
Administring
any
Sacrament
,
as
also
against
Pluralities
,
Non-residence
,
and
other
abuses
of
Clergy-men
.
Soon
after
this
,
the
Archbishop
and
the
Bishop
of
Lincoln
,
commanded
,
by
their
Injunctions
,
That
none
should
sell
any
victuals
to
the
Jews
,
nor
have
any
communion
with
them
;
of
which
the
Jews
complaining
,
the
King
issued
a
Writ
to
the
Majors
of
Canterbury
,
Oxford
,
and
Norwich
,
to
countermand
the
Bishop's
Injunctions
,
that
all
should
sell
victuals
and
other
necessaries
to
them
,
and
that
they
should
imprison
every
one
refusing
to
do
it
,
till
further
order
.
Then
the
Prior
of
St.
Patrick
of
Dune
in
Jreland
,
sent
a
Petition
to
the
King
to
grant
him
and
others
some
small
Cell
to
reside
in
,
in
England
,
their
Houses
in
Ireland
being
frequently
burnt
in
the
Wars
,
for
St.
Patrick's
,
and
other
Irish
Saints
sake
,
whose
Relikes
he
then
sent
to
the
King
for
a
present
.
The
King
to
satisfie
the
Archbishop
,
wrote
a
Letter
to
the
Pope
,
to
give
way
for
the
return
of
his
Brother
Simon
Langton
into
England
,
out
of
which
he
was
formerly
banished
(
as
well
as
Excommunicated
,
and
deprived
of
all
his
Ecclesiastical
Benefices
)
for
adhering
to
Lewis
,
and
contemning
the
Pope's
Excommunications
.
But
we
find
not
,
that
the
Pope
consented
to
this
request
.
Our
Kings
by
reason
of
their
manifold
Affairs
in
the
Court
of
Rome
,
relating
to
the
Pope
and
other
Forreign
States
,
usually
constituted
,
sometimes
general
,
otherwise
special
Proctors
,
by
their
Letters
Patents
,
to
implead
and
defend
in
their
Names
and
Rights
,
all
matters
there
depending
for
or
against
them
,
of
which
there
are
many
different
Formes
in
our
Records
.
King
Henry
standing
in
need
of
a
subsidy
from
the
Bishops
and
Clergy
,
Pope
Honorius
thereupon
sent
his
Bull
to
the
Archbishops
,
Bishops
,
Abbots
,
Priors
,
and
Clergy
,
entreating
them
to
grant
him
a
competent
subsidy
,
to
be
disposed
of
by
common
consent
onely
,
for
publick
benefit
of
the
Realm
,
leaving
the
grant
free
to
the
Bishops
and
Clergy
to
impose
and
proportion
it
.
This
year
(
sc.
1225.
)
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
and
his
Suffragans
,
instead
of
granting
the
King
a
subsidy
,
or
punishing
leacherous
Clearks
,
passed
severe
Decrees
against
their
Concubines
onely
,
principally
intended
against
the
Wives
of
Clergy
men
,
whom
they
stiled
Concubines
in
that
Age.
The
Bishop
of
Cork
in
Ireland
,
having
obtained
the
King's
Royal
assent
,
at
the
Pope's
request
,
to
be
Archbishop
of
Cassel
,
taking
a
journey
to
Rome
to
procure
it
,
received
his
Writ
for
the
restitution
of
his
Temporalties
after
his
return
.
Then
the
Pope
dispatched
Otto
his
Legate
into
England
,
with
Letters
to
the
King
,
for
his
own
filthy
lucre
.
The
King
assembling
a
Parliamentary
Council
of
his
Nobles
and
Prelates
,
Otto
read
the
Pope's
Letters
and
Proposals
,
wherein
the
detestable
Avarice
,
Extortion
,
and
Rapine
of
the
Pope
and
Court
of
Rome
were
clearly
discovered
,
related
by
Matthew
Paris
.
Matth.
Paris
.
Hist.
Angl.
Otto
pursuing
his
Rapines
in
England
,
by
exacting
Procurations
from
the
Clergy
,
was
by
the
Archbishop's
means
suddenly
recalled
thence
,
by
the
Pope
,
to
his
great
discontent
:
and
the
prosecuting
the
Pope's
former
proposals
committed
to
the
Archbishop
.
This
year
Pope
Honorius
the
third
,
sent
his
Bull
to
Geoffry
de
Lizimaco
the
King
's
sworn
Vassal
,
absolutely
subverting
all
Papal
dispensations
with
Subjects
just
Oaths
to
their
Sovereignes
.
The
Pope
also
sent
prohibitory
Letters
to
the
King
of
England
,
to
stop
his
intended
Military
Voyage
into
France
,
to
recover
his
just
Rights
.
Then
the
King
paid
ten
thousand
Marks
,
being
all
the
Arrears
of
the
sum
granted
by
King
John
to
the
Pope
by
his
Charter
.
Godwin
.
Catal.
of
Bish.
p.
515.516
.
Richard
de
Marisco
,
Bishop
of
Durham
,
dying
suddenly
at
Peter-borough-Abbey
,
as
he
was
posting
to
London
with
a
great
troop
of
Lawyers
,
to
prosecute
his
Suits
against
the
Monks
of
Durham
;
thereupon
they
bestowed
this
Epitaph
upon
him
.
Culmina
qui
cupi
tis
Est
sedata
si
tis
Qui
populos
regi
tis
Quod
mors
immi
tis
Vobis
praeposi
tis
Quod
sum
vos
eri
tis
Laudes
pompasque
siti
tis
.
Si
me
pensare
veli
tis
.
Memores
super
omnia
si
tis
.
Non
parcit
honore
poti
tis
.
Similis
fueram
,
bene
sci
tis
.
Ad
me
currendo
veni
tis
.
Upon
his
Death
there
grew
a
great
difference
between
King
Henry
the
third
,
and
the
Monks
of
Durham
,
about
the
election
of
a
Successor
.
There
was
an
Appeal
about
this
Election
,
pending
before
the
Archbishop
of
York
,
before
whom
the
King
constituted
his
Proctor
by
Patent
.
But
after
two
years
expensive
contests
,
the
Monks
election
of
William
Archdeacon
of
Worcester
,
a
Man
Learned
and
honest
,
saith
Matthew
Paris
,
was
cancelled
at
Rome
,
Luke
the
King's
Chaplain
put
by
;
and
Richard
Bishop
of
Salisbury
Elected
Bishop
by
the
Pope's
favour
;
the
Pope
onely
gaining
by
such
contests
.
The
Emperor
Frederick
the
third
,
being
justly
incensed
with
the
publication
of
divers
Libellous
,
and
Scandalous
Excommunications
of
Pope
Gregory
IX
.
against
him
,
in
England
,
and
all
other
Kingdoms
and
Churches
,
endeavoured
to
vindicate
himself
and
his
innocency
against
the
Pope's
calumnies
,
by
dispatching
Letters
into
all
parts
,
and
particularly
into
England
.
These
proceedings
of
the
Pope
against
the
Emperor
,
so
exasperated
the
Citizens
of
Rome
,
that
they
expelled
the
Pope
from
the
City
,
and
chased
him
to
Perusium
.
Anno
1228.
died
Stephen
Langton
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
after
whose
death
there
grew
a
new
contest
between
the
King
and
Monks
of
Canterbury
,
about
the
Election
of
a
new
Archbishop
.
The
Monks
chose
Walter
de
Hevesham
,
a
Monk
,
whom
the
King
refused
to
allow
of
,
resolving
to
make
Richard
,
his
Chancellor
,
Archbishop
.
Walter
posting
to
Rome
to
get
Confirmation
and
Consecration
from
the
Pope
,
and
the
King's
Proctors
there
excepting
against
him
,
pressing
the
vacating
of
his
Election
,
and
making
Richard
Archbishop
,
with
much
importunity
;
they
could
not
prevail
with
the
Pope
or
Cardinals
to
stop
Walter's
Confirmation
,
or
promote
Richard
;
till
they
had
promised
,
in
the
behalf
of
the
King
,
unto
the
Pope
,
the
tenths
of
all
things
moveable
,
from
both
his
Kingdomes
of
England
and
Ireland
.
Whereupon
the
Pope
and
Cardinals
forthwith
vacated
Walter's
Election
,
for
his
insufficiency
,
and
made
Richard
Archbishop
.
So
the
Pope
got
two
years
payment
of
his
annual
pension
,
granted
by
King
John
,
and
a
Tenth
in
promise
.
Yet
where
the
King
gave
his
Royal
assent
to
Bishops
duly
Elected
by
his
License
,
where
there
was
no
competition
,
the
Pope
interposed
not
.
This
Archbishop
Richard
going
to
Rome
,
to
complain
against
the
King
,
that
all
affairs
of
his
Kingdom
were
disposed
by
the
counsel
of
his
chief
Justice
Hubert
,
when
he
had
there
accomplished
his
designes
against
the
King
,
was
presently
taken
away
by
sudden
Death
.
Then
the
King
issued
out
a
prohibition
to
the
Monks
of
Canterbury
,
not
to
do
any
thing
prejudicial
to
the
rights
of
his
Crown
,
nor
to
elect
any
Person
Archbishop
,
without
his
special
License
,
nor
to
send
any
Monks
to
Rome
by
the
Pope's
command
,
to
Elect
an
Archbishop
there
.
The
Monks
in
pursuance
of
this
Prohibition
by
the
King's
License
,
elected
John
their
Prior
Archbishop
,
whom
the
King
by
his
Letters
Patents
approved
,
desiring
the
Pope
to
confirm
him
,
and
likewise
made
new
Proctors
in
the
Court
of
Rome
concerning
this
Election
.
And
the
King
to
promote
his
Affairs
the
better
in
the
Court
of
Rome
,
granted
Annuities
to
some
Cardinals
to
obtain
that
justice
from
them
by
such
Pensions
,
which
he
could
not
procure
without
them
.
But
yet
the
Pope
vacated
this
second
election
as
well
as
the
first
.
Hereupon
the
Monks
proceed
to
a
third
election
;
but
this
third
Person
was
also
cashiered
by
the
Pope
.
This
See
continued
three
years
after
Richard's
death
,
and
Edmond
_____
being
nominated
Archbishop
by
the
Pope
,
who
sent
him
a
Pall
,
was
consecrated
by
Roger
Bishop
of
London
in
April
,
Anno
1234.
the
King
being
present
with
thirteen
Bishops
,
in
Christ-Church
Canterbury
.
Fuller
Church-Histor
.
lib.
3.
In
the
year
1232.
the
Cavrsines
first
came
into
England
,
proving
the
bane
of
the
Land
.
These
were
Italians
by
birth
,
terming
themselves
the
Pope's
Merchants
,
driving
no
other
Trade
than
letting
out
of
Money
,
great
Banks
whereof
they
brought
into
England
,
differing
little
from
the
Jews
,
save
that
they
were
more
merciless
to
their
Debtors
.
Now
because
the
Pope's
Legat
was
altogether
for
ready
Money
,
when
any
Tax
by
Levy
,
Commutation
of
Vows
,
Tenths
,
Dispensations
,
&c.
were
due
to
the
Pope
,
from
Prelates
,
Convents
,
Priests
,
or
Lay-persons
,
these
Cavrsines
instantly
furnished
them
with
present
Coin
upon
their
solemn
Bonds
and
Obligations
.
These
Cavrsines
were
generally
hated
for
their
Extortions
.
Roger
Black
,
that
learned
and
pious
Bishop
of
London
,
once
excommunicated
these
Cavrssnes
for
their
oppression
:
but
they
appealing
to
the
Pope
,
their
good
friend
,
forced
him
after
much
molestation
to
desist
.
These
Cavrsines
were
commonly
known
by
the
name
of
Lombards
,
from
Lombardy
,
the
place
of
their
nativity
,
in
Italy
.
And
although
they
deserted
England
on
the
decaying
of
the
Pope's
power
and
profit
therein
;
yet
a
double
memorial
remaineth
of
them
:
one
of
their
Habitation
,
in
Lombard-street
in
London
:
the
other
of
their
Employment
;
a
Lombard
unto
this
day
signifies
a
Bank
for
Usury
,
or
Pawns
,
still
continued
in
the
Low-countries
and
elsewhere
.
See
here
the
Pope's
hypocrisie
,
forbidding
Usury
,
as
a
sin
so
detestable
,
under
such
heavy
penalties
in
his
Canon
Law
,
whilst
his
own
Instruments
were
the
most
unconscionable
practisers
thereof
without
any
controul
.
Elius
Rubeas
in
Semidali
.
Lib.
2.
c.
3.
&
4.
Elias
Rubeus
,
an
English-man
,
wrote
a
Book
,
wherein
he
said
,
That
the
Monks
had
converted
Religion
into
superstition
,
making
salvation
to
consist
in
things
,
of
themselves
,
vain
and
indifferent
:
that
there
was
no
kind
of
men
more
blind
in
concupiscence
,
or
infamous
for
uncleanness
,
than
the
Popish
Clergy
,
&c.
Certain
years
after
,
one
Laurence
,
an
English-man
,
in
a
Sermon
of
his
,
admonished
the
Church
,
That
a
great
danger
hung
over
her
head
by
the
Monks
,
that
they
were
seducers
,
and
the
Ministers
of
Anti-christ
.
Matthew
Paris
informs
us
,
That
Hubert
de
Burgo
,
Anno
1232.
being
chief
Justice
of
England
,
the
King
's
principal
faithful
Counsellor
,
the
greatest
opposer
of
the
Pope's
Usurpations
and
Extortions
,
was
,
by
the
power
of
the
Pope
,
and
of
Peter
Bishop
of
Winchester
,
suddenly
removed
from
all
his
Offices
,
and
impeached
of
several
Crimes
,
some
of
them
amounting
to
high
Treason
.
Hubert
,
to
prevent
the
rage
of
his
Enemies
,
fled
to
the
Church
of
Merton
,
and
there
took
Sanctuary
.
Whence
the
King
commanded
the
Mayor
of
London
by
his
Letters
(
the
Londoners
being
his
mortal
Enemies
)
to
pull
him
out
forcibly
,
and
bring
him
to
him
alive
or
dead
.
Which
the
Mayor
and
Citizens
readily
undertaking
,
and
marching
thither
with
great
Forces
,
the
King
,
by
the
advice
of
the
Earl
of
Chester
,
suddenly
countermanded
them
thence
to
their
great
discontent
.
After
which
Godfry
of
Cranecumb
(
whom
the
King
sent
to
apprehend
him
,
in
Essex
,
with
three
hundred
men
armed
)
finding
the
Chappel
doors
shut
,
violently
brake
them
open
,
apprehended
Hubert
,
and
carried
him
thence
,
bound
with
cords
,
a
prisoner
to
the
Tower
of
London
.
This
breach
of
Sanctuary
being
made
known
to
Roger
Bishop
of
London
,
(
whose
Diocess
it
was
)
he
tells
the
King
,
that
if
the
Earl
were
not
restored
to
the
Chappel
,
he
would
excommunicate
all
the
Authors
of
that
outrage
.
The
Earl
is
accordingly
restored
,
but
the
Sheriffs
of
Essex
and
Hertford
at
the
King's
command
,
with
the
Powers
of
their
Countreys
,
besiege
the
Chappel
so
long
,
that
at
last
the
Earl
was
compelled
to
come
forth
,
and
render
himself
,
bearing
his
affliction
patiently
.
Hubert
is
again
imprisoned
in
the
Tower
.
Nothing
could
appease
the
King's
Ire
,
but
that
Mass
of
Gold
and
other
Riches
,
which
the
Knights
Templers
had
in
their
custody
,
upon
trust
,
which
Hubert
willingly
yielded
up
.
This
mollified
the
King's
mind
toward
him
.
Hereupon
he
had
all
such
Lands
granted
unto
him
,
as
either
King
John
had
given
,
or
himself
had
purchased
.
There
undertook
for
him
as
Sureties
,
the
Earls
of
Cornwall
,
and
Warren
,
Marshal
and
Ferrars
;
and
himself
was
committed
to
the
Castle
of
Devizes
,
Speed's
Histor.
in
H.
3.
there
to
abide
in
free
Prison
under
the
custody
of
four
Knights
,
belonging
each
of
them
to
one
of
these
four
Earls
.
Afterwards
,
though
he
was
restored
to
the
King's
favour
,
yet
upon
new
accusations
of
his
Enemies
,
he
was
condemned
to
give
to
the
King
Blanch
Castle
,
Grosmount
in
Wales
,
Skenefrith
,
and
Hafield
,
and
then
also
was
deprived
of
Title
of
Earl
of
Kent
.
King
Henry
erected
a
special
Church
,
House
,
and
form
of
Government
for
the
Jews
converted
to
the
Christian
Religion
.
The
Bishops
meeting
together
at
Glocester
,
Anno
1234.
the
King
,
being
jealous
,
that
they
intended
to
consult
of
some
other
things
,
prejudicial
to
his
Crown
,
State
and
Dignity
,
sent
a
Writ
of
Prohibition
to
them
,
not
to
treat
of
any
thing
of
this
nature
.
After
this
,
the
King
and
Bishops
meeting
at
a
Conference
at
Westminster
,
the
King
charged
some
of
the
Bishops
with
a
design
to
deprive
him
of
his
Crown
,
which
they
denied
:
whereupon
one
of
them
,
in
a
great
rage
,
excommunicated
all
those
who
raised
such
a
report
of
them
.
Claus
.
18.
H.
3.
Memb.
16.
Then
the
King
commanded
all
common
Whores
and
Concubines
of
Priests
,
to
be
imprisoned
,
and
banished
out
of
the
University
of
Oxford
,
by
his
temporal
Officers
,
unless
they
had
Lands
therein
,
and
by
Oath
and
other
security
have
good
assurance
for
their
chast
and
honest
demeanour
for
the
future
,
and
not
to
resort
to
Clerks
Lodgings
.
If
a
Clerk
,
or
Beneficed
person
were
indebted
to
the
King
,
or
incurred
his
just
displeasure
,
the
King
commanded
the
Bishop
of
the
Diocess
to
sequester
all
his
Ecclesiastical
Benefices
,
till
his
debt
was
satisfied
,
his
displeasure
remitted
,
and
the
sequestration
discharged
by
special
Writ
.
The
Pope
was
grown
so
proud
in
this
Age
by
his
Usurpations
,
that
he
would
not
vouchsafe
to
hear
and
admit
the
King's
Proctors
and
Agents
,
sent
to
Rome
upon
his
urgent
Affairs
,
without
most
humble
suits
and
supplications
in
his
Letters
of
credence
and
procurations
.
The
King
made
a
Remonstrance
to
the
Pope
of
the
several
injuries
done
to
him
by
the
Earl
of
Britain
,
in
seizing
on
his
Castles
,
and
revolting
to
the
King
of
France
;
desiring
the
Pope
by
his
Ecclesiastical
censures
to
compel
him
to
restore
his
Castles
to
him
.
The
Pope
instead
of
excommunicating
this
treacherous
Earl
,
sent
for
him
to
Rome
,
and
made
him
General
of
the
Crossadoes
by
Sea
and
Land
against
the
Grecians
.
The
Pope
commanded
Peter
Bishop
of
Winchester
to
assist
him
both
with
his
purse
and
advice
in
his
Military
affairs
against
the
Grecians
and
Romans
.
The
Pope
,
as
he
encroached
upon
the
election
and
confirmation
of
the
Archbishops
and
Bishops
of
England
,
so
did
he
likewise
upon
the
election
and
confirmation
of
Abbots
,
who
must
go
to
Rome
to
attend
his
pleasure
for
their
approbation
and
confirmation
,
as
in
the
case
of
the
Abbot
of
St.
Albans
doth
appear
.
The
Pope
condescended
to
the
Abbot's
election
,
but
upon
this
condition
,
that
he
should
take
an
express
Oath
of
Fealty
to
the
Pope
and
Church
of
Rome
,
and
his
Successors
,
prescribed
in
his
Bull
,
directed
to
the
Bishops
,
which
Oath
suddenly
tendered
to
him
,
by
way
of
surprise
,
he
took
publickly
,
before
the
Covent
,
and
all
the
Clergy
and
People
,
at
his
Consecration
and
Instalment
,
related
by
Matthew
Paris
,
Matth.
Paris
.
p.
399.
a
Monk
of
this
Monastery
.
This
new
Oath
of
Allegeance
to
the
Pope
and
See
of
Rome
,
being
the
highest
encroachment
upon
the
King
's
Rights
and
Prerogative
,
making
all
who
take
it
the
Pope's
Subject
,
and
Vassals
,
not
the
King
's
,
was
concealed
both
from
the
King
and
Abbot
,
till
the
very
nick
of
his
Consecration
and
Benediction
,
for
fear
it
should
be
opposed
and
refused
.
The
Prior
of
the
preaching
Friers
presuming
to
arrest
and
imprison
some
persons
in
York-shire
,
pretended
to
be
Heretical
,
when
he
had
no
legal
power
to
arrest
or
imprison
such
,
the
King
thereupon
issued
a
Mandate
to
the
Sheriff
of
York-shire
,
to
arrest
and
imprison
all
Heretical
persons
,
till
his
further
order
therein
,
Anno
1236.
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
being
sued
by
the
Prior
and
Monks
of
Canterbury
,
for
certain
Advousons
of
Churches
,
Possessions
,
Rents
,
and
Services
in
the
Ecclesiastical
Court
,
Pryn.
claus.
20.
H.
3.
m.
12.
dorso
.
by
authority
of
the
Pope's
Letters
,
despising
the
remedy
of
the
King's
Court
,
where
they
ought
to
sue
for
them
,
thereupon
the
King
issued
forth
his
prohibition
to
the
Archbishop
,
prohibiting
him
,
in
his
Faith
and
Allegeance
to
him
,
not
to
answer
them
in
that
Court
,
it
being
prejudicial
to
his
Crown
and
Dignity
,
&c.
The
King
by
several
Writs
of
Prohibition
countermanded
the
Pope's
own
Bulls
and
Delegates
,
as
contrary
to
the
Rights
and
Dignities
of
his
Crown
,
and
prohibited
their
proceedings
,
which
gave
some
check
to
his
Usurpations
of
this
Kind
.
The
King's
Clerks
and
Houshold
Chaplains
in
those
dayes
wearing
long
Hair
and
Peruwigs
,
Pat.
21.
H.
3.
m.
3.
dorso
.
Long
Hair
and
Peruwigs
forbidden
in
the
Clergy
.
thereupon
the
King
to
reform
this
abuse
,
issued
out
a
Writ
to
William
de
Perecat
,
authorizing
and
strictly
commanding
him
to
cut
their
Hair
,
and
pull
off
their
yellow
Peruwigs
,
under
pain
of
being
shaven
and
polled
himself
.
The
Monks
and
Converts
of
the
Cistercian
Order
,
contrary
to
their
Vows
and
Rules
,
becoming
common
Merchants
,
buying
,
and
selling
again
,
Wools
and
Skins
,
to
the
prejudice
of
other
Merchants
,
and
scandal
of
their
Profession
,
the
King
,
for
redress
thereof
,
issued
out
a
Writ
of
Prohibition
to
all
the
Sheriffs
of
England
,
to
seize
the
Goods
and
Moneys
of
those
Monks
and
Converts
,
to
his
use
,
who
should
offend
therein
.
There
being
a
great
difference
between
the
Bishop
of
Clochor
in
Ireland
and
the
Archbishop
of
Armagh
,
and
their
Tennants
,
concerning
injuries
and
grievances
touching
their
Churches
;
the
Archbishop
of
Armagh
procuring
the
King's
Letters
to
his
Chief
Justice
by
misinformation
,
whilst
he
was
excommunicated
;
the
King
thereupon
revoked
his
former
Letters
,
and
commanded
his
Chief
Justice
in
Ireland
,
to
hear
and
determine
the
Controversies
between
them
.
Upon
the
death
of
Richard
Bishop
of
Durham
,
the
King
upon
the
Petition
of
the
Prior
and
Convent
,
granted
his
License
to
elect
a
new
Bishop
.
The
Bishop
of
Norwich
dying
this
year
,
the
Monks
elected
Simon
,
their
Prior
,
for
their
Bishop
,
whom
the
King
disapproving
,
made
a
special
Proctor
against
him
before
the
Archbishop
to
hinder
his
confirmation
,
and
to
appeal
against
him
to
the
See
of
Rome
,
if
it
were
expedient
,
where
he
likewise
constituted
his
Proctor
.
Then
the
Pope
upon
the
King's
request
,
under
a
pretext
to
rectifie
some
of
those
abuses
(
against
which
there
was
an
universal
complaint
)
sent
Ottobone
,
his
Legat
,
into
England
,
who
soon
proclaimed
himself
a
ravening
Wolf
,
as
well
as
his
Predecessors
.
Then
was
a
Council
called
by
the
Pope's
Legat
unto
St.
Paul's
Church
in
London
,
where
most
of
the
Prelates
,
Abbots
and
Priors
assembled
together
.
The
Canons
that
were
made
and
promulged
in
this
Council
who
so
please
,
may
peruse
at
leisure
in
Matthew
Paris
,
and
in
Johannes
de
Aton
,
his
Constitutiones
legitimae
Ecclesiae
,
totiusque
Ecclesiae
Anglicanae
,
ab
Legatis
a
latere
summorum
Pontificum
collectio
,
fol.
1.
ad
121.
with
his
Gloss
upon
them
.
The
first
Canon
was
for
the
Dedication
and
Consecration
of
Churches
,
many
Cathedral
as
well
as
Parish-churches
being
then
unconsecrated
.
The
second
and
third
concerning
Ecclesiastical
Sacraments
and
Baptism
.
Others
concerning
the
covetousness
of
Priests
,
their
hearing
Confessions
,
the
qualities
of
such
as
were
to
be
ordained
;
their
Farmers
and
Vicars
,
Presentations
to
Churches
;
not
dividing
one
Church
into
more
;
the
Residence
of
Bishops
and
Priests
;
Pluralities
;
the
Habit
of
Clerks
,
clandestine
marriage
of
Priests
,
Priests
Concubines
;
their
Sons
succession
in
their
Benefices
;
their
Judges
,
Procurations
,
undue
,
unjust
Citations
;
Exactions
by
Procurations
,
Registers
;
abuses
by
Proctors
and
Ecclesiastical
Judges
;
and
an
Oath
to
be
prescribed
to
them
,
to
prevent
the
like
abuses
for
the
future
.
In
this
Council
this
Legat
introduced
the
use
of
Oaths
in
Ecclesiastical
Courts
The
first
use
of
Oaths
in
Ecclesiastical
Courts
in
England
.
and
Causes
,
never
formerly
used
in
England
,
by
colour
whereof
other
Oaths
were
introduced
by
the
Popish
Prelates
,
against
the
Laws
and
Customs
of
the
Realm
,
till
the
King
,
by
his
Prohibition
,
restrained
these
Usurpations
.
Then
was
a
private
Letter
sent
from
Rome
to
the
Pope's
Legat
in
England
,
advising
him
to
moderation
,
to
prevent
a
total
rejection
of
the
Pope
and
See
of
Rome
.
In
the
22th
year
of
Henry
the
Third
,
the
Greek
Churches
renounced
all
obedience
to
,
and
communion
with
,
the
Church
of
Rome
:
which
made
the
Pope
and
his
Court
fear
the
like
Schism
and
revolt
in
England
,
occasioned
by
the
Legat's
violent
Extortions
,
and
advancement
of
Strangers
to
Benefices
;
whereupon
he
intended
to
recal
him
thence
to
prevent
these
ill
consequences
;
but
the
Legat
loth
to
depart
,
prevailed
with
the
King
and
others
to
sollicit
the
Pope
for
his
continuance
in
England
,
upon
pretence
of
publick
good
.
This
year
there
happening
a
difference
between
the
King
and
Monks
of
Durham
about
their
Bishop
elect
,
whom
the
King
would
not
approve
,
he
thereupon
issued
his
Letters
Patents
to
the
Archbishop
of
York
,
appointing
his
Proctors
to
appeal
to
the
See
of
Rome
against
this
election
,
only
for
delay
to
preserve
his
right
.
After
the
death
of
Henry
de
Sandford
,
Bishop
of
Rochester
,
the
Monks
of
Rochester
elected
Richard
Windeley
,
a
learned
Man
,
for
their
Bishop
,
who
being
presented
by
the
Monks
to
Edmond
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
for
his
confirmation
,
he
refused
to
admit
him
,
Vnde
Monachi
Domini
Papae
presentiam
appellarunt
.
Upon
this
Appeal
the
Pope
gave
Judgment
for
the
Monks
against
the
Archbishop
,
and
condemned
him
in
costs
of
suit
,
confirming
their
election
in
despite
of
the
Archbishop
,
with
whom
the
Pope
was
very
angry
for
opposing
his
intolerable
exactions
in
England
,
whereupon
this
Bishop
Elect
was
consecrated
at
Canterbury
in
St.
Gregory's
Church
by
the
Archbishop
,
the
Bishop
of
London
and
other
Bishops
.
Then
the
Monks
of
Coventry
chose
Nicholas
de
Fernham
for
their
Bishop
,
who
refused
to
accept
thereof
:
whereupon
at
last
they
chose
Simon
de
Pateshul
,
who
accepted
it
.
The
Pope
having
excommunicated
the
Emperour
Frederick
,
Otto
,
the
Pope's
Legat
,
was
very
diligent
to
see
the
Pope's
scandalous
Excommunications
and
Bulls
against
him
published
throughout
all
England
.
In
the
twenty
fourth
year
of
the
Reign
of
King
Henry
the
Third
,
the
Monks
of
Cambridge
having
apprehended
an
Heretick
(
as
he
was
called
)
the
King
thereupon
issued
forth
a
Precept
to
the
Sheriff
of
Cambridge
,
to
bring
this
Heretick
before
him
,
at
Westminster
,
to
be
examined
,
and
disposed
of
as
he
should
direct
.
Who
he
was
,
and
what
his
Heresies
were
,
Matthew
Paris
tells
us
,
saying
,
He
was
a
man
of
an
honest
and
severe
life
;
and
that
he
openly
asserted
,
that
Pope
Gregory
was
not
the
Head
of
the
Church
,
but
there
was
another
Head
of
the
Church
;
that
the
Church
was
profaned
,
the
Devil
was
let
loose
;
the
Pope
was
an
Heretick
:
that
Gregory
,
who
was
called
Pope
,
had
defiled
the
Church
,
and
the
world
too
.
This
and
divers
other
things
of
like
nature
,
he
spake
,
before
the
Pope's
Legat
,
in
the
hearing
of
many
.
Pope
Gregory
before
his
death
,
to
carry
on
his
Wars
against
the
Emperor
Frederick
,
Anno
1240.
intended
by
way
of
provision
to
confer
all
the
Benefices
in
England
(
especially
of
the
Clergy
)
on
the
Sons
of
Romans
,
and
other
Forreigners
,
upon
condition
to
assist
him
against
the
Emperour
,
sending
his
Bull
to
three
Bishops
,
to
confer
no
less
than
three
hundred
of
the
next
Benefices
,
that
fell
void
within
their
Diocess
,
on
these
Aliens
.
Anno
1241.
Otto
,
the
Pope's
Legat
,
having
long
pillaged
the
Realm
and
Church
of
England
,
was
sent
for
the
third
time
by
the
Pope
.
And
the
King
to
oblige
the
Legat
,
as
well
to
promote
his
Affairs
at
Rome
,
as
in
England
,
before
his
departure
hence
,
Knighted
and
conferred
an
Annual
pension
on
his
Nephew
,
feasted
the
Legat
publickly
at
Westminster
,
and
placed
him
at
the
feast
in
his
own
Royal
Throne
,
to
the
great
offence
of
his
Nobles
and
Subjects
.
Edmond
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
deceasing
,
the
King
commended
Boniface
(
his
Queen's
Uncle
,
a
Forreigner
,
and
every
way
unfit
for
such
a
trust
)
to
the
Monks
of
Canterbury
,
to
succeed
him
,
whom
they
accordingly
elected
.
There
being
a
great
contest
between
the
King
,
and
the
Prior
and
Monks
of
Winchester
,
about
the
election
of
their
Bishop
,
they
electing
first
William
de
Raley
,
Bishop
of
Norwich
,
whom
the
King
and
Pope
opposing
,
thereupon
they
Elected
Ralph
Nevil
,
whose
election
was
likewise
vacated
.
After
which
they
Elected
the
Bishop
of
Norwich
again
,
whose
election
was
suddenly
made
,
and
quickly
confirmed
at
Rome
.
Yet
the
King
commanded
the
Major
of
Winchester
to
forbid
the
new
Bishop
entrance
into
the
City
;
Matth.
Westin
.
which
he
did
;
who
thereupon
Excommunicated
him
for
his
labour
,
and
interdicted
the
whole
City
.
The
King
thereupon
so
persecuted
the
Monks
,
that
he
imprisoned
diverse
of
them
,
and
forced
the
Bishop
to
fly
the
Realm
,
and
pass
into
France
for
a
season
.
Then
there
arose
a
new
contest
,
between
the
Archbishop
and
Monks
of
Canterbury
,
about
Jurisdiction
and
Visitation
,
wherein
they
Excommunicated
one
the
other
;
and
yet
slighted
these
their
mutual
Anathemae's
,
as
ridiculous
nullities
.
The
King
being
in
France
,
sent
his
Writ
to
the
Archbishop
of
York
,
then
Custos
Regni
,
to
confer
Benefices
that
should
fall
void
on
such
Clerks
of
His
,
who
,
to
their
great
danger
and
expence
,
continued
with
him
,
and
incurred
many
various
casualties
,
in
his
services
,
beyond
the
Seas
,
commanding
them
all
in
general
,
and
one
of
them
onely
in
special
,
by
Name
,
to
be
first
provided
for
in
this
kind
.
Anno
1246.
Boniface
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
upon
a
feigned
pretext
,
that
his
Church
of
Canterbury
was
involved
in
very
great
debts
by
his
Predecessor
,
but
in
truth
by
himself
,
to
carry
on
Forreign
Wars
,
and
gratifie
the
Pope
,
procured
,
from
Pope
Innocent
,
a
grant
of
the
first
years
Fruits
of
all
Benefices
,
that
should
fall
void
within
his
Diocess
for
seven
years
space
,
till
he
should
raise
out
of
them
the
sum
of
ten
thousand
Marks
,
besides
two
thousand
Marks
yearly
out
of
the
Bishoprick
.
N.
B.
This
Grant
of
first-fruits
of
Benefices
to
Boniface
,
made
way
for
Popes
appropriating
first-fruits
,
and
Annats
to
themselves
soon
after
.
About
this
time
was
Edmond
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
Canonized
for
a
Saint
by
the
Pope
,
to
gratifie
the
King
,
and
facilitate
the
imposing
and
levying
of
his
Papal
exactions
upon
the
Clergy
and
Realm
.
The
Bishops
and
Clergy
of
the
Province
of
Canterbury
,
to
avoid
the
turbulent
visitation
and
exactions
of
Archbishop
Boniface
,
made
a
Tax
and
Collection
to
defray
the
expenses
of
their
Appeals
and
oppositions
against
him
in
the
Court
of
Rome
.
Some
Abbots
and
Convents
perceiving
that
Robert
Grosthed
,
and
other
Bishops
,
intended
to
vex
and
oppress
them
,
by
their
new
powers
to
visit
them
,
derived
from
the
Pope
,
combined
together
to
make
a
common
purse
to
oppose
and
withstand
them
by
Appeals
to
the
Pope
;
whom
they
hoped
would
back
them
for
Money
,
as
the
Bishops
combibined
together
to
withstand
the
Archbishop's
Visitation
in
his
Province
.
Notwithstanding
this
combination
,
the
Bishop
of
Lincoln
,
proceeded
to
Visit
both
the
Monasteries
and
Nunneries
in
his
Diocess
,
with
great
severity
and
Tyranny
.
But
although
Robert
Grosthed
at
first
was
a
great
stickler
for
the
Pope
,
and
an
oppressor
of
the
Nobility
and
Laity
of
his
Diocess
,
with
his
Visitations
;
appeals
to
Rome
,
and
Excommunications
;
yet
afterwards
he
opposed
the
Pope's
Provisions
directed
to
him
,
for
which
the
Pope
suspended
him
from
his
Bishoprick
:
Whereupon
he
sent
a
notable
Letter
to
Pope
Innocent
,
rendring
him
the
reasons
why
he
was
not
bound
to
obey
his
unjust
Letters
and
Provisions
,
as
most
contrary
to
the
Doctrine
and
Practice
of
Christ
and
his
Apostles
,
tending
to
the
ruine
of
Peoples
Souls
;
and
that
no
Bishop
or
other
Person
was
bound
to
obey
any
of
the
Pope's
Mandates
as
Apostolical
,
but
what
were
warranted
by
the
Doctrine
and
Practice
of
Christ
and
his
Apostles
.
The
Letter
is
to
be
seen
at
large
in
Mr.
Prynne's
late
History
of
Pope's
Usurpations
,
&c.
Tom.
2.
A
little
before
his
death
,
this
Robert
Grosthed
called
some
of
his
Clergy
to
him
,
and
by
strong
reasons
and
arguments
informed
them
,
That
the
Pope
was
Antichrist
,
because
he
was
a
destroyer
of
Souls
,
&c.
Matthew
Paris
gives
this
character
of
him
;
Migravit
ab
hujusmode
mundi
,
quem
nunquam
dilexit
,
exilio
,
sanctus
Lincolniensis
Episcopus
,
Robertus
secundus
,
apud
Bugedonam
,
manerium
suum
,
in
nocte
sancti
Dionysii
,
Papae
&
Regis
Redargutor
manifestus
,
Praelatorum
correptor
,
Monarchorum
corrector
,
Presbyterorum
director
;
Clericorum
instructor
,
Scholarium
sustentator
;
Populi
praedicator
;
Incontinentium
persecutor
;
Scripturarum
sedulus
perscrutator
diversarum
;
Romanorum
malleus
&
contemptor
;
in
mensa
refectionis
corporalis
dapsilis
,
copiosus
&
civilis
,
hilaris
&
affabilis
:
in
mensa
vero
spirituali
devotus
,
lacrymosus
&
contritus
:
in
officio
Pontificali
sedulus
,
venerabilis
,
&
indefatigabilis
.
He
died
Anno
1253.
Vide
Ranulph
Cestrens
.
Polychron
.
lib.
7.
ca.
36.
&
Heur
.
de
Knighton
de
eventib
.
Angliae
.
Lib.
2.
ca.
36.
Of
which
year
Matthew
Paris
gives
this
Character
,
Transiit
igitur
annus
ille
Papae
Papalibus
augurialis
.
The
Pope
being
much
incensed
against
Grosthed
,
wrote
a
Letter
to
the
King
of
England
,
to
cause
his
bones
to
be
digged
up
,
and
to
be
cast
out
of
the
Church
:
whereupon
the
Bishop's
ghost
appeared
unto
him
that
night
,
expostulated
with
him
,
pricked
him
in
the
side
,
and
haunted
him
till
his
death
.
The
Canons
of
Lincoln
chose
Henry
of
Lexinton
to
succeed
him
,
who
was
then
Dean
of
the
Church
of
Lincoln
;
the
King
approved
of
his
Election
,
being
Consecrated
soon
after
by
Bishop
Boniface
beyond
the
Seas
.
Then
the
King
issued
out
a
Writ
to
the
Bishop
of
Chichester
to
publish
throughout
his
Diocess
the
priviledges
he
had
granted
to
all
such
,
who
should
cross
themselves
for
the
holy
Land
,
being
the
same
in
termes
with
those
,
the
year
before
,
sent
to
the
Archbishop
of
York
to
publish
,
the
Writ
running
in
the
same
forme
.
In
the
38th
.
year
of
King
Henry
the
third
,
the
Archbishops
and
Bishops
having
agreed
to
grant
the
King
a
Disme
toward
the
relief
of
the
holy
Land
,
by
advice
of
the
King's
Council
in
Parliament
;
appointed
it
to
be
collected
by
the
Bishops
of
Norwich
and
Chichester
,
and
Abbot
of
Westminster
,
for
which
they
assigned
them
an
annual
stipend
.
In
August
following
,
the
King
issued
forth
Patents
to
the
Archbishops
,
Bishops
,
Abbots
,
&c.
in
Ireland
,
specially
to
promote
this
Croysado
and
Disme
in
Ireland
,
and
to
assist
those
sent
thither
to
promote
it
,
whereof
one
was
the
Pope's
Subdeacon
.
The
King
being
in
France
,
issued
his
precept
to
the
Barons
of
the
Exchequer
,
to
issue
Moneys
for
the
repair
of
the
Church
of
Westminster
,
which
he
intended
to
have
consecrated
before
his
voyage
to
the
holy
Land
.
Prynne's
Hist.
Tom.
2.
He
issued
Writs
to
enquire
of
the
real
values
of
the
Manors
,
Lands
,
Rents
,
and
Revenues
of
Religious
persons
(
in
nature
of
Dooms-day
Book
)
that
he
might
the
better
improve
them
when
they
fell
into
his
hand
by
vacancies
,
or
deaths
of
Abbots
and
Priors
,
towards
the
debts
he
contracted
by
his
forreign
Wars
.
Matth.
Paris
,
Hist.
Angl.
p.
835.
Matthew
Paris
tells
us
,
of
strange
forgeries
and
devices
set
on
foot
by
the
Pope
and
his
Agents
,
to
oppress
the
Clergy
of
England
,
and
involue
them
in
bonds
and
debts
to
the
Pope
and
King
(
who
served
each
others
turns
)
and
that
by
the
treachery
of
the
Bishop
of
Hereford
and
and
others
to
ingratiate
themselves
with
both
.
And
the
Bishop
of
Hereford
and
Rustand
,
the
Pope's
Legate
,
oppressed
the
Clergy
of
England
that
year
1254.
and
great
complaints
were
made
against
them
.
The
King
being
unable
by
his
absence
to
be
personally
present
at
the
Feast
of
St.
Edward
at
Westminster
,
which
he
annually
consecrated
,
constituted
several
persons
to
solemnize
this
Feast
,
and
make
Offerings
,
Processions
,
and
give
almes
in
his
stead
,
and
commanded
the
Parishoners
of
St.
Margaret
,
and
the
Londoners
to
go
to
Westminster
in
Procession
with
Wax
Tapers
,
and
other
formalities
for
the
honour
of
this
Saint
and
holy-day
.
The
King
in
the
39th
.
year
of
his
Reign
sent
a
pious
Writ
to
the
Cistercians
and
other
Abbots
in
their
general
Assembly
,
to
make
a
special
devout
Prayer
unto
God
for
him
,
his
Queen
and
Children
.
The
Bishop
Elect
of
Winton
having
forcibly
and
unjustly
by
his
power
deprived
the
Prior
of
Winton
,
and
thrust
another
into
his
place
without
his
due
Election
,
the
deprived
Prior
thereupon
Appealed
to
the
Pope
and
Court
of
Rome
,
where
he
expected
to
be
restored
with
great
confidence
:
but
to
shew
how
much
more
prevalent
Money
then
was
in
that
corrupt
Court
than
Justice
;
this
intruder
was
confirmed
,
and
he
returned
after
great
expence
frustrate
of
his
expectation
,
having
some
Manors
assigned
him
for
his
support
during
life
,
out
of
which
the
Pope
had
an
annual
pension
of
365.
Marks
to
support
his
Table
.
The
Jews
of
Lincoln
having
crucified
a
Christian
Child
,
to
the
great
dishonour
and
disgrace
of
Jesus
Christ
,
the
King
appointed
special
Justices
,
diligently
to
enquire
of
,
and
severely
to
punish
,
this
grand
offence
,
by
his
Patent
and
Commission
.
The
King
this
year
,
fearing
some
designs
against
him
from
Rome
,
issued
a
Writ
to
the
Barons
and
Bailiffs
of
Dover
,
and
to
the
Wardens
of
the
Cinque-ports
,
not
to
permit
any
Clerks
to
pass
out
of
their
respective
Ports
beyond
the
Seas
,
unless
he
would
first
take
an
Oath
,
that
if
he
went
to
the
Court
of
Rome
,
he
should
demand
nor
require
nothing
against
the
King's
Crown
and
Dignity
,
nor
the
Pope's
grant
or
Ordinance
concerning
the
Realm
of
Sicily
.
And
the
King
,
by
his
Letters
Patents
,
constituted
two
distinct
Proctors
in
the
Court
of
Rome
,
concerning
the
affairs
of
the
Kingdom
of
Sicily
,
and
other
occasions
there
to
be
transacted
.
The
Pope
had
a
greater
share
in
the
Disme
than
the
King
,
who
could
dispose
of
none
of
it
,
but
by
His
and
Rustand's
consents
.
He
likewise
issued
his
Mandate
to
the
Sheriff
of
Kent
,
to
provide
a
speedy
passage
at
Dover
for
Rustand
the
Pope's
Agent
,
and
to
defray
the
charges
of
it
,
which
should
be
allowed
him
.
The
King
understanding
the
Archbishop's
and
Bishops
designes
,
intended
to
be
prosecuted
in
a
Council
of
the
Bishops
of
his
Province
,
which
Archbishop
Boniface
had
convocated
,
against
his
Crown
,
Dignity
,
Courts
,
Judges
,
&c.
Prohibited
him
and
them
to
meet
therein
,
under
pain
of
forfeiting
their
Temporalties
.
The
Archbishop
and
Bishops
notwithstanding
these
Writs
,
met
and
proceeded
in
their
Convocation
,
in
a
very
presumptuous
manner
,
as
those
fifty
Articles
then
drawn
up
,
and
tendered
to
the
King
,
and
their
Papal
decrees
in
pursuit
of
them
,
will
most
evidently
demonstrate
.
They
were
tendered
to
the
King
,
by
the
Archbishops
and
Bishops
,
for
which
they
resolved
to
contend
to
the
uttermost
.
These
Constitutions
are
collected
and
Printed
in
John
de
Aton
,
quoting
Lindewood
,
who
cites
and
glosseth
upon
most
of
them
under
several
Titles
,
in
the
Margin
of
every
one
of
them
,
where
you
may
peruse
them
with
his
Canonical
gloss
.
These
were
made
Anno
Dom.
1261.
What
Procurations
the
Archbishop
of
Messana
(
arrived
in
England
this
year
,
as
the
Pope's
Legate
)
exacted
and
extorted
from
the
Bishops
and
Abbots
with
great
violence
and
what
injuries
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
did
to
the
Bishop
of
Rochester
,
you
may
read
in
Matthew
Paris
.
The
King
and
his
Council
resolving
to
banish
the
Poictovin
Clergy-men
out
of
the
Nation
,
and
not
to
imprison
them
in
England
,
issued
a
Writ
to
the
Constables
of
the
Castles
of
Winton
and
Dover
,
of
the
banishment
and
transportation
,
of
the
Archdeacon
of
Winton
,
out
of
the
Realm
,
and
to
see
he
carried
away
no
Moneys
with
him
.
In
the
42
year
of
this
King
,
the
Friers
Minorites
sent
a
Petition
to
King
Henry
to
confirm
their
intrusion
,
into
St.
Edmonds
,
by
his
second
Charter
,
not
deeming
the
Pope's
Bull
they
had
got
sufficient
,
which
the
Abbots
and
Monks
contemned
and
set
at
naught
.
The
King
to
satisfie
the
Pope's
demands
,
and
the
easier
to
get
in
the
Dismes
the
Pope
had
granted
him
to
gain
Sicily
,
which
the
Archbishop
,
Bishops
,
and
Religious
Persons
in
England
refused
to
pay
,
assigned
thirty
thousand
Marks
thereof
to
the
Pope
.
Godfry
de
Kimeton
,
Dean
of
York
,
was
elected
Archbishop
of
that
See
,
and
forced
to
travel
to
Rome
for
his
Confirmation
.
Fulco
Bishop
of
London
died
of
the
Plague
,
and
Wengham
then
Chancellor
of
England
,
notwithstanding
his
insufficiency
,
and
want
of
learning
and
Knowledge
,
in
Divinity
,
procured
Letters
Patents
from
King
Henry
by
advice
of
his
Council
(
in
imitation
of
the
Pope's
Commendae's
,
then
grown
very
common
)
to
hold
and
retain
all
his
former
Ecclesiastical
Dignities
and
Benefices
,
whereof
the
King
was
Patron
,
together
with
his
Bishoprick
,
for
so
long
time
as
the
Pope
should
please
to
grant
him
a
dispensation
:
whose
dispensation
alone
would
not
bar
the
King
to
present
to
those
Dignities
and
Benefices
,
being
all
void
in
Law
,
by
making
him
a
Bishop
.
He
had
the
like
Patent
to
retain
his
Benefices
and
Ecclesiastical
preferments
in
Ireland
.
This
is
the
first
Patent
of
a
Commenda
retinere
,
granted
by
the
King
to
any
Bishop
Elect
,
The
first
Patent
of
a
Commenda
retinere
,
granted
by
the
King
to
any
Bishop
elect
.
saith
Mr.
Prynne
,
being
made
by
the
advice
of
his
Lords
and
Judges
,
which
makes
it
more
considerable
.
The
King
in
the
44th
year
of
his
Reign
issued
a
Writ
to
the
Barons
of
Dover
,
and
other
Ports
,
to
search
for
,
and
apprehend
all
Italian
Clerks
and
Lay-men
,
and
all
others
that
should
bring
any
Bulls
from
Rome
,
prejudicial
to
him
and
his
Realm
,
and
not
to
permit
any
to
arrive
with
Horse
and
Armes
in
the
Realm
,
without
his
special
License
;
and
to
arrest
all
such
as
should
there
Land
,
till
they
received
further
order
from
him
The
Bishop
of
St.
David's
and
his
Clerks
complaining
to
the
King
how
much
the
priviledges
of
their
Churches
,
Monasteries
,
Houses
,
Goods
,
and
Persons
,
were
violated
in
Wales
,
in
an
hostile
manner
,
throughout
his
Diocess
,
issued
out
a
Writ
and
Prohibition
to
his
Officers
for
their
future
protection
and
indemnity
against
such
injuries
and
oppressions
.
Boniface
,
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
being
an
Alien
,
and
forced
to
fly
out
of
the
Kingdom
by
the
Barons
,
was
,
upon
a
Treaty
between
the
King
and
his
Barons
,
permitted
to
return
into
England
upon
certain
conditions
.
The
King
and
the
Barons
having
by
common
consent
,
entred
into
Articles
of
Agreements
under
their
hands
,
and
referred
themselves
therein
to
the
determination
of
the
French
King
,
or
the
Pope's
Legate
,
the
King
thereupon
constituted
three
Proctors
,
to
conclude
and
consent
on
his
behalf
,
to
whatever
should
be
therein
agreed
,
submitting
himself
to
the
Legate's
Ecclesiastical
Censures
and
Excommunication
to
compell
him
to
the
performance
thereof
.
During
the
Wars
between
the
King
and
his
Barrons
,
diverse
Vicars
and
Parsons
desirous
to
reside
upon
their
Cures
,
so
as
they
might
be
protected
from
violence
therein
,
the
King
thereupon
granted
protections
to
those
who
desired
them
.
An
Oxford
Jew
,
having
in
contempt
of
Christ
and
Christian
Religion
,
in
a
solemn
Procession
there
held
by
the
University
,
cast
down
and
broken
the
Crucifix
carried
before
them
,
and
escaping
;
and
the
Jews
not
producing
his
Body
as
the
King
ordered
them
;
the
King
thereupon
commanded
the
Sheriff
of
Oxford
,
by
several
Writs
to
seize
the
Bodies
and
Goods
of
all
the
Jews
in
Oxford
,
till
they
gave
sufficient
security
,
at
their
proper
costs
,
to
erect
a
beautifull
high
Marble
Cross
,
with
the
Images
of
Christ
on
the
one
side
,
and
the
Virgin
Mary
with
Christ
in
her
Armes
on
the
other
side
,
curiously
and
decently
guilt
,
and
the
cause
thereof
engraven
on
it
,
in
the
place
where
the
offence
was
committed
,
calling
the
Major
of
the
Town
and
Cofferers
of
the
Jews
to
his
assistance
;
and
till
they
made
and
delivered
to
the
Proctors
of
the
University
another
portable
Cross
of
Silver
handsomly
guilded
,
with
a
Spear
as
large
as
that
carried
before
the
Archbishop
to
be
carryed
before
the
Masters
and
Scholars
of
the
University
in
their
future
processions
.
And
because
diverse
Jewes
,
to
prevent
it
,
had
secretly
convayed
away
their
goods
to
others
,
to
enquire
diligently
after
such
goods
and
sell
them
;
that
the
work
might
be
speedily
effected
before
St.
Edwards
Feast
.
The
Money
hereupon
being
levyed
of
the
Jews
,
to
make
these
Crosses
,
and
the
King
being
informed
,
that
the
Marble-cross
could
not
be
erected
in
the
place
prescribed
,
without
damage
and
prejudice
to
some
Burgesses
of
Oxford
,
whereupon
they
purposed
to
erect
it
just
over
against
the
Jews
Synagogue
there
:
The
King
and
his
Council
conceiving
that
place
inconvenient
,
ordered
it
to
be
set
up
within
the
place
of
Merton
Colledge
,
near
the
Church
;
and
the
other
portable
Cross
to
be
delivered
to
the
Scholars
thereof
,
to
be
kept
in
their
House
,
and
carried
in
Processions
of
the
University
,
as
aforesaid
.
Of
the
Dismes
granted
to
the
King
by
the
Pope
,
Parker
.
Antiqu.
Eccles.
Britan.
p.
194.
the
King
had
usually
the
least
share
;
the
Pope
,
the
Cardinals
,
and
Legates
,
swallowing
up
the
greatest
part
of
them
,
as
the
Learned
Archbishop
Matthew
Parker
hath
observed
.
Boniface
,
the
Military
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
died
beyond
the
Seas
;
Anno
Dom.
1271.
when
he
had
reaped
the
profits
of
that
See
,
and
pillaged
that
Province
twenty
six
years
,
six
moneths
,
and
sixteen
dayes
;
most
of
which
he
spent
in
Wars
and
negotiations
beyond
the
Seas
,
and
never
Preached
one
Sermon
all
that
time
,
for
ought
we
find
.
That
year
there
was
so
great
an
inundation
of
Rain
at
Canterbury
,
such
Lightening
and
Tempest
,
as
had
not
been
seen
nor
heard
for
a
long
time
:
The
Thunder
was
dreadful
,
and
continued
a
whole
day
and
night
,
and
such
an
inundation
of
Water
followed
,
that
it
overthrew
Stones
,
Vines
,
and
Trees
,
Cattel
were
drowned
,
and
much
Corn
spoiled
;
and
the
City
was
so
over-flown
,
that
Men
nor
Horses
could
pass
.
After
this
Flood
,
there
followed
a
great
Famine
,
and
the
Plague
swept
away
many
in
the
City
and
Countrey
round
about
.
Mr.
Fox
relates
,
That
a
little
before
King
Henry's
death
,
there
fell
out
a
controversie
between
the
Monks
and
Citizens
of
Norwich
,
about
certain
Tallages
and
Liberties
,
that
after
much
altercation
and
wrangling
words
,
the
furious
rage
of
the
Citizens
so
much
encreased
,
that
they
set
upon
the
Abbey
and
Priory
,
and
burned
both
the
Church
and
Bishop's
Palace
.
At
the
last
King
Henry
calling
for
certain
of
his
Lords
and
Barons
,
sent
them
to
Norwich
,
that
they
might
punish
,
and
see
Execution
done
on
the
chiefest
Malefactors
;
some
of
them
were
condemned
and
burnt
;
and
some
were
drawn
by
the
heeles
with
Horses
through
the
Streets
of
the
City
,
and
so
in
much
misery
ended
their
lives
.
King
Henry
having
in
his
company
the
Bishop
of
Ro●hester
,
and
the
Earl
of
Glocester
,
followed
his
Justice
Thomas
Trivet
to
Norwich
.
The
Bishop
having
Excommunicated
all
who
consented
to
this
wickedness
,
and
the
Judge
Executed
the
nocent
;
the
King
condemned
the
Town
in
three
thousand
Marks
of
Silver
,
to
be
paid
by
a
day
,
toward
the
repairing
of
the
Church
so
burnt
,
and
also
to
pay
one
hundred
pounds
in
Silver
,
toward
the
repair
of
a
Cup
arising
to
twenty
pounds
in
Gold
.
He
returning
thence
towards
London
,
fell
grievously
sick
at
the
Abbey
of
St.
Edmonds
in
Suffolk
,
where
after
he
had
in
a
Religious
manner
acknowledged
his
sins
,
he
rendered
up
the
same
to
his
Redeemer
,
when
he
had
reigned
fifty
six
years
and
twenty
dayes
.
A
Prince
(
writes
Speed
)
whose
devotion
was
greater
than
his
discretion
,
as
we
see
,
in
permitting
the
depredation
of
himself
,
and
his
whole
Kingdom
,
by
Papal
overswayings
.
After
the
Death
and
Funeral
of
King
Henry
(
who
was
Buried
at
Westminster
Church
,
Founded
and
almost
finished
by
him
)
Prince
Edward
his
Son
,
being
at
that
time
in
the
holy
Land
,
where
he
obtained
many
notable
Victories
against
the
Saracens
:
Who
thereupon
suborned
an
Assassinate
to
kill
him
,
under
pretext
of
delivering
a
Message
to
him
from
the
Soldan
of
Babylon
,
who
stabbed
him
into
the
Body
with
a
poisoned
Knife
,
Thomas
Walsingham
.
Matth.
Westm.
to
the
hazard
of
his
Life
;
his
Nobles
notwithstanding
his
remote
absence
,
were
so
Loyal
as
to
Proclaim
him
King
,
and
Swear
Fealty
and
Allegiance
to
him
,
as
their
Sovereign
Lord
.
They
sent
out
Writs
whereby
they
Proclaimed
the
King's
peace
:
They
first
of
them
were
directed
to
all
the
Sheriffs
of
England
,
to
Proclaim
in
their
respective
Coun●ies
:
the
other
to
the
King
's
chief
Justice
of
Ireland
,
to
be
there
Proclaimed
,
who
,
with
others
,
was
authorized
likewise
to
receive
the
Fealty
,
as
well
of
all
the
Archbishops
,
Bishops
,
Abbots
,
Clergy
,
as
Nobles
and
other
Lay-subjects
in
Ireland
,
due
unto
him
as
their
King
and
Sovereign
Lord
.
In
the
third
year
of
this
King's
Reign
Walter
de
Merton
,
Bishop
of
Rochester
and
Chancellor
of
England
,
finished
the
Colledge
of
his
own
Name
in
Oxford
.
This
Walter
de
Merton
,
was
one
of
the
Guardians
of
the
Realm
in
the
King's
absence
.
A
Writ
was
issued
to
Lewellin
Prince
of
Wales
,
requiring
an
Oath
of
Fealty
from
him
to
King
Edward
,
as
his
Sovereign
Lord
;
and
two
Abbots
thereby
made
Commissioners
to
receive
his
Oath
,
who
refused
to
appear
,
or
give
any
answer
to
them
.
The
Abbots
made
a
special
return
of
their
proceedings
therein
to
the
Lord
Chancellor
.
The
first
thing
this
King
and
his
Council
did
,
was
to
make
a
publick
Declaration
and
Protestation
against
Pope
Clement
the
fifth
,
his
late
Usurpation
,
who
a
little
before
King
Henry
his
death
,
had
,
by
his
Papal
Provisions
,
conferred
the
Bishoprick
of
Winton
on
John
d●
Pontissera
,
and
the
Archbishoprick
of
Canterbury
upon
Robert
Kilwardby
,
without
the
King
's
precedent
License
,
or
Monks
Election
:
rejecting
William
de
Chilenden
(
duly
Elected
by
the
Monks
of
Canterbury
by
King
Henry's
License
)
that
so
he
might
Usurp
the
disposal
of
all
other
Bishopricks
by
these
and
other
former
like
Presidents
.
After
the
death
of
Pope
Clement
the
fourth
,
the
See
of
Rome
continuing
void
for
two
years
and
ten
moneths
,
by
reason
of
the
Cardinals
discord
about
a
Successor
:
at
last
they
Elected
Theobald
Archdeacon
of
Leige
,
Pope
,
who
was
with
King
Edward
the
first
,
in
the
holy
Land
:
of
him
these
two
Verses
were
made
.
Papatum
munus
tenet
Archidiaconus
unus
,
Quem
Patrem
Patrum
fecit
discordia
fratrum
.
Prince
Edward
in
his
return
from
the
holy
Land
,
repaired
to
this
new
Pope's
Court
,
his
late
Chaplain
,
and
fellow-souldier
,
who
,
at
his
request
,
Excommunicated
the
Murderers
of
his
kinsman
Henry
,
Son
and
heir
to
the
King
of
Germany
,
at
Viterbium
,
and
disinherited
some
of
them
by
his
Imperious
Decree
,
till
they
should
come
personally
to
Rome
,
to
purge
themselves
,
or
submit
to
his
absolute
order
in
all
things
.
This
new
Pope
Gregory
,
sent
a
special
Nuncio
into
England
,
under
pretext
to
compel
all
Ecclesiastical
Persons
to
pay
two
years
Dismes
of
their
Temporalties
,
and
Ecclesiastical
Livings
,
to
the
King
and
his
Brother
,
but
in
truth
to
himself
,
who
converted
most
of
it
to
his
own
use
:
whereupon
sundry
of
the
Abbots
and
Clergy
of
the
Realm
refused
to
pay
the
premised
Disme
,
notwithstanding
the
Pope's
Nuncio's
Excommunications
denounced
against
them
,
contemning
his
Ecclesiastical
Censures
:
whereupon
the
Nuncio
wrote
to
the
Chancellor
to
command
the
Sheriffs
to
assist
the
Collectors
of
it
by
their
secular
power
,
and
levy
it
by
force
where
there
was
need
.
Hereupon
the
Chauncellor
issued
Writs
to
all
the
Sheriffs
of
England
,
and
some
others
,
to
assist
the
Collectors
accordingly
.
It
seems
the
Bishop
of
Winton
compounded
,
and
paid
a
fine
of
five
hundred
Marks
for
his
two
years
Dismes
to
the
Pope's
Collector
.
At
the
same
time
the
King
wanting
Moneys
,
appointed
special
Collectors
of
the
Arrears
due
upon
the
Dismes
granted
to
his
Father
,
by
the
Pope
,
towards
the
relief
of
the
holy
Land
.
A
new
Archbishop
of
Dublin
,
being
elected
the
second
year
of
this
King's
Reign
,
who
resided
with
the
Queen
of
Scots
in
Scotland
,
the
King
,
at
her
special
request
,
granted
him
this
priviledge
,
to
make
Attorneys
to
appear
for
him
in
all
his
Courts
,
and
to
exempt
him
from
all
Amercements
,
for
not
appearing
personally
in
them
.
Pope
Gregory
the
tenth
,
usurping
the
Emperor's
Sovereign
authority
,
of
Summoning
general
Councils
,
sent
forth
general
Letters
through
every
Nation
,
concerning
the
gathering
together
a
Council
,
on
May
the
first
,
at
Lyons
.
Whence
it
was
said
of
him
.
Gregorius
denus
,
Colligit
omne
genus
.
Claus
.
2.
Ed.
1.
m.
13.
dorso
.
What
Archbishops
,
Bishops
,
Abbots
,
and
Clergy-men
repaired
to
this
Council
by
the
King
's
special
License
,
who
constituted
Attorneys
and
Proxies
for
them
in
the
King's
Courts
,
to
sue
and
be
sued
,
during
their
absence
,
may
be
seen
in
the
Records
mentioned
by
Mr.
Prynne
.
King
Edward
the
first
,
himself
sent
four
special
Proctors
to
this
General
Council
,
to
propound
,
assent
,
or
dissent
unto
in
his
Name
and
behalf
,
whatever
they
or
either
of
them
should
deem
fit
or
expedient
.
A
clear
evidence
,
that
He
and
his
Proxies
had
an
affirmative
and
negative
voice
in
General
Councils
.
Matthew
Westminster
renders
us
an
account
of
the
proceedings
in
this
Council
,
and
of
the
Greek
Emperors
,
Patriarcks
,
and
Bishops
acknowledgement
of
the
Supremacy
of
the
Pope
and
Church
of
Rome
,
over
all
other
Prelates
and
Churches
,
as
an
Article
of
their
Faith
,
which
they
never
before
assented
to
.
The
Executors
of
John
Maunsel
Treasurer
of
York
,
having
,
by
his
last
Will
,
assigned
to
the
Vicars
of
St.
Peter's
in
York
,
a
Messuage
of
His
in
York
,
to
maintain
an
Anniversary
for
his
Soul
,
of
which
they
were
afterwards
dispossessed
by
others
;
the
King
upon
complaint
thereof
,
issued
a
Writ
of
Inquisition
,
to
examine
the
truth
thereof
,
and
restore
the
said
Messuage
to
the
Vicars
,
to
maintain
the
Anniversary
for
the
salvation
of
John
Maunsel's
soul
.
The
next
year
the
King
issued
Commissions
for
the
apprehending
some
vagrant
and
Apostate
Friers
of
the
Order
of
St.
Augustine
,
who
had
deseted
their
Houses
and
Order
,
to
the
prejudice
of
their
Souls
,
and
scandal
of
their
Order
.
King
Edward
the
first
,
made
at
Westminster
at
his
first
Parliament
General
,
after
his
Coronation
,
Vide
Cokes
2.
Instit.
p.
156.
157.
on
Easter-Monday
in
the
third
year
of
his
Reign
,
many
exeellent
useful
Statutes
,
some
of
them
relating
to
the
Priviledges
and
Jurisdiction
of
the
Clergy
,
controlling
some
Canons
of
the
Pope
,
formerly
used
to
the
obstruction
of
publick
Justice
.
Soon
after
the
Council
of
Lions
,
Pope
Gregory
the
tenth
,
sent
Reymund
de
Nogeriis
,
his
Chaplain
,
as
his
Nuncio
into
England
,
Wales
,
Scotland
,
and
Ireland
,
for
certain
affairs
of
the
Church
,
especially
to
demand
and
receive
from
the
King
eight
years
Arrears
of
the
annual
Tribute
,
and
Peter-pence
,
then
due
to
the
Church
of
Rome
.
The
Abbot
and
Covent
of
Feversham
being
greatly
indebted
to
Merchants
and
others
(
by
their
expences
at
Rome
,
and
Papal
exactions
)
the
King
to
preserve
Them
and
their
House
from
ruine
,
took
them
,
and
all
their
Lands
,
Moneys
,
Goods
,
into
his
Protection
,
and
committed
them
to
the
management
of
certain
persons
for
discharge
of
their
debts
,
and
necessary
support
.
The
like
Protections
were
granted
,
in
the
same
form
,
to
the
Abbot
and
Covents
of
Bordesley
and
Byndon
the
same
year
;
and
to
the
Prior
and
Covent
of
Thornholm
;
but
the
custody
of
them
,
their
Lands
and
Goods
,
to
other
Persons
.
The
Chalices
,
Books
,
Ornaments
,
Goods
and
Lands
of
the
Hermitage
near
Cripple-gate
,
London
,
being
usually
imbezilled
for
want
of
good
Government
and
Regulation
,
the
King
being
Patron
thereof
committed
it
to
the
care
and
Government
of
the
Lord
Major
of
London
,
for
the
time
being
.
The
Chancellor
and
University
of
Oxford
,
having
at
their
proper
costs
founded
a
Chappelry
in
the
Church
of
St.
Maries
,
in
the
midst
of
the
Town
,
to
pray
for
the
safety
of
the
King
,
his
Queen
,
and
Children
,
Ancestors
,
and
all
their
Benefactors
;
the
King
highly
commending
their
Piety
therein
,
and
endeavouring
to
promote
it
,
wrote
to
all
the
Archbishops
and
Bishops
of
England
and
Ireland
,
to
grant
some
special
Indulgences
to
all
who
should
resort
to
this
Chappelry
to
hear
Mass
or
Prayers
.
The
King
upon
the
Petition
of
the
Prior
and
Covent
of
Bath
,
and
of
the
Dean
and
Chapter
of
Wells
,
granted
his
License
to
them
to
elect
a
new
Bishop
,
that
See
being
then
void
.
Upon
this
License
they
Elected
Robert
Burnel
.
This
Bishop
soon
after
his
Consecration
,
to
end
the
frequent
Controversies
between
the
King
,
Abbots
of
Glastonbury
,
and
Bishops
of
this
See
,
by
consent
of
the
Dean
and
Chapter
of
Wells
,
and
of
the
Prior
and
Covent
of
Bath
,
exchanged
the
Patronage
of
the
Abbey
of
Glastonbury
,
and
some
other
rights
therein
granted
to
him
by
former
Kings
Patents
,
for
the
City
of
Bath
.
In
pursuit
and
execution
of
which
exchange
,
the
King
issued
two
Parents
to
the
Citizens
of
Bath
,
and
others
,
to
make
Livery
and
Seisin
thereof
to
the
Bishop
.
The
King
gave
License
,
upon
the
Petition
of
the
Dean
and
Chapter
of
Hereford
,
to
Elect
a
new
Bishop
in
the
place
of
John
Breton
after
his
Decease
:
and
confirmed
their
Election
of
Thomas
de
Cantilupo
,
and
restored
the
Temporalties
to
him
after
his
Confirmation
by
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
Pat.
3.
Edw.
1.
without
the
Pope's
approbation
or
privity
.
This
King
in
the
fourth
year
of
his
Reign
,
to
prevent
the
ruine
of
the
Abbey
of
Redding
,
issued
Patents
of
protection
,
and
regulation
of
the
expences
of
it
,
and
of
the
Cell
belonging
to
it
,
founded
by
his
Ancestors
,
committing
it's
Revenues
to
certain
persons
to
defray
the
Debts
thereof
.
In
the
fifth
year
of
his
Reign
he
issued
a
Commission
,
to
enquire
of
all
Christians
,
who
used
usury
in
London
and
else-where
,
and
punish
them
according
to
Law
,
by
seizing
their
Goods
,
as
a
thing
unbeseeming
Christians
and
Christianity
.
About
the
same
time
Walter
Bronescomb
,
Bishop
of
Exeter
,
and
his
Officials
,
cited
sundry
of
the
King's
Subjects
,
and
Officers
,
into
his
Ecclesiastical
Courts
for
Debts
and
Chattels
,
that
concerned
not
Matrimony
or
Testament
,
Godwin
.
Catal.
of
Bish.
p.
326.327
.
and
for
Trespasses
,
Free-holds
,
and
other
things
,
of
which
they
had
no
legal
jurisdiction
,
Excommunicating
,
and
putting
them
to
pecuniary
Redemptions
,
and
grievous
penalties
,
and
withall
exacted
illegal
Oathes
and
obligations
from
them
:
the
King
upon
the
complaints
of
Edmond
,
Earl
of
Cornwall
,
and
his
Officers
,
and
of
the
whole
County
of
Cornwall
,
of
these
his
exorbitances
,
issued
a
speedy
Commission
,
in
the
sixth
year
of
his
Reign
,
to
some
Judges
,
to
enquire
of
,
hear
and
determine
these
his
Exorbitancies
and
Usurpations
,
before
whom
he
was
Prosecuted
at
the
King's
Suite
,
to
his
dammages
of
10000
l.
which
the
Bishop
denying
in
some
sort
,
appealed
to
the
King
,
Pope
,
and
Court
of
Rome
,
from
the
King's
Justices
:
for
which
his
high
affront
to
the
King's
Crown
and
Dignity
,
he
was
adjudged
undefended
,
ordered
to
satisfie
the
King
his
ten
thousand
pound
dammages
;
and
likewise
to
answer
his
contempt
for
this
his
enormous
Appeal
to
the
Pope
,
in
affront
of
the
King's
Crown
and
Dignity
,
before
the
King
and
his
Council
.
In
the
nineth
year
of
King
Edward
the
first
,
John
Peckham
,
Frater
Johan
.
Peckham
,
Cantuariensis
Episcopus
ne
nihil
fecisse
videretur
convocat
Concilium
apud
Lambeth
,
in
quo
non
Evangelii
Regni
Dei
praedicationem
imposuit
,
sed
Constitutiones
Othonis
&
Ottobonis
quondam
Legatorum
in
Angliâ
innovans
,
jussit
eas
ab
omnibas
servari
,
&c.
Thomas
Walsingham
in
Edw.
1.
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
held
a
Council
at
Lambeth
with
his
Suffragans
,
of
which
Thomas
Walsingham
,
and
others
,
render
us
this
account
.
Frier
John
Peckham
,
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
least
he
might
seem
to
have
done
nothing
,
calleth
a
Council
at
Lambeth
,
in
which
he
imposed
not
the
Preaching
of
the
Gospel
of
the
Kingdom
of
God
,
but
innovating
the
Constitutions
of
Otto
and
Ottobon
,
sometimes
Legates
in
England
,
commanded
them
to
be
observed
of
all
.
Moreover
,
he
made
sixteen
Ecclesiastical
Laws
,
which
are
contained
among
the
Provincial
Constitutions
.
The
King
suspecting
the
Archbishops
and
Bishops
Loyalty
,
and
proceedings
in
this
their
Council
,
sent
a
Writ
to
them
,
strictly
commanding
them
upon
their
Oaths
of
Fealty
they
had
all
taken
,
to
be
faithful
to
him
,
and
defend
his
Crown
and
Royal
Dignity
in
all
things
,
to
their
Power
;
to
observe
this
their
Oath
therein
with
all
diligence
,
and
not
to
act
,
agitate
,
or
assent
to
any
thing
against
him
,
or
the
ancient
Rights
of
the
Crown
enjoyed
by
his
Progenitors
,
under
pain
of
losing
all
their
Temporalties
.
But
how
far
this
Archbishop
and
his
Suffragans
were
from
obeying
this
Royal
Mandate
,
will
appear
by
the
Prologue
to
their
Canons
and
Constitutions
made
therein
,
wherein
they
highly
extol
Thomas
Becket
,
as
a
most
glorious
Martyr
,
for
opposing
the
antient
Rights
of
the
Crown
,
as
inconsistent
with
the
Churches
pretended
Liberties
,
and
revived
and
confirmed
the
Constitutions
of
Archbishop
Boniface
and
his
Suffragans
,
(
against
which
the
King
had
solemnly
Appealed
to
the
Pope
,
as
prejudicial
to
the
Rights
,
Priviledges
,
Customs
,
Liberties
of
his
Crown
)
by
several
Canons
made
therein
,
and
the
Excommunications
re-published
in
it
:
Vide
Pryn.
in
Edw.
1.
but
more
especially
by
the
Archbishop's
insolent
Epistle
to
the
King
,
in
answer
to
this
his
Royal
Inhibition
and
Mandate
sent
unto
them
.
Archbishop
Peckham
(
Magnus
&
robustus
Antichristi
satelles
,
as
John
Bale
not
improperly
stiles
him
)
in
his
Epistle
to
the
King
,
justifies
what
they
had
done
:
wherein
he
advanceth
the
Ecclesiastical
and
Papal
Jurisdiction
,
Power
,
Laws
,
Canons
,
far
above
the
Regal
,
to
which
all
Princes
and
Temporal
Laws
ought
to
submit
.
Sundry
Canons
and
Converts
of
the
Order
of
Sempingham
,
this
year
,
turning
Apostates
,
and
deserting
their
Houses
in
diverse
Priories
of
that
Order
,
to
the
scandal
of
their
Profession
,
the
King
upon
complaint
issued
a
Writ
to
apprehend
and
punish
them
for
it
,
and
to
deliver
such
of
them
who
were
then
apprehended
,
to
those
of
that
Order
to
be
chastised
.
The
King
to
prevent
the
imbezilling
of
the
Rents
,
Chalices
,
Books
,
Pat.
9.
Edw.
1.
Vestments
,
Images
,
Relikes
,
Charters
,
and
Bulls
of
the
Hermitage
by
Criple-gate
,
granted
the
custody
thereof
,
in
his
Name
,
to
the
Constable
of
the
Tower
for
the
time
being
.
This
year
the
King
recited
and
confirmed
the
antient
Charter
of
King
John
to
the
Nuns
of
Ambresbury
.
The
King
to
advance
Learning
,
and
for
the
good
of
the
Church
,
Priesthood
,
and
Common-wealth
,
gave
his
Royal
assent
for
translating
the
Friers
of
the
Hospital
of
St.
John
in
Cambridge
,
into
a
Colledge
of
Scholars
,
after
the
pattern
and
Rules
of
Merton
Colledge
in
Oxford
.
The
Archbishop
this
year
,
to
supply
,
his
occasions
,
entred
into
several
recognizances
to
the
Bishops
of
Bath
,
and
of
Coventry
and
Litchfield
,
two
wealthy
Prelates
and
great
Usurers
.
Pope
Nicholas
the
third
deceasing
,
Anno
1280.
and
Pope
Martin
the
fourth
succeeding
,
he
in
the
first
year
of
his
Papacy
sent
two
Friers
into
England
,
intending
by
his
Agents
,
and
Forreign
Merchants
,
to
export
or
return
out
of
England
the
six
years
Dismes
therein
collected
,
and
retained
for
Aid
of
the
holy
Land
,
granted
in
the
general
Council
of
Lyons
,
and
convert
them
to
his
own
or
other
uses
;
King
Edward
upon
notice
hereof
,
to
reserve
the
Moneys
for
his
Brother's
expedition
to
the
holy
Land
,
and
supply
the
present
exigences
for
defence
of
the
Kingdom
,
issued
out
a
Writ
to
prohibit
Merchants
,
or
others
,
under
pain
of
loss
of
Life
and
Member
,
and
all
their
Goods
and
Chattels
,
to
export
or
convay
the
said
Dismes
,
or
any
part
thereof
,
out
of
the
Realm
,
and
to
imprison
all
such
who
did
the
contrary
,
to
the
Pope's
great
disappointment
.
In
the
tenth
year
of
King
Edward
the
first
,
Pope
Martin
sent
a
Bull
to
the
King
,
to
require
his
Favour
to
,
and
Protection
of
the
Monks
of
the
Order
of
Cluny
,
whose
piety
he
highly
extolled
.
The
King
now
and
then
during
the
vacancy
of
Bishopricks
,
disposed
of
some
of
their
Stocks
to
others
.
The
Bishoprick
of
Durham
becoming
void
by
the
death
of
Robert
de
Insula
,
Anthony
Beck
being
elected
Bishop
by
the
King's
License
,
and
Confirmed
and
Consecrated
Bishop
thereof
by
Wickwane
Archbishop
of
York
,
Pat.
11.
Ed.
1.
in
St.
Peter's
Church
of
York
,
the
King
,
Queen
,
and
most
of
the
Nobles
of
England
being
present
;
the
King
issued
out
Writs
for
the
restitution
of
his
Temporalties
,
and
the
stock
thereon
,
which
he
bought
of
the
King
.
Richard
Swinsled
being
elected
and
Confirmed
Bishop
of
Hereford
,
by
the
King's
License
and
assent
,
he
issued
a
Writ
to
restore
his
Temporalties
.
John
Peckham
,
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
resolved
to
visit
all
his
Provinces
more
accurately
,
and
punish
offenders
more
severely
than
in
former
times
,
to
prevent
all
obstructions
by
Appeals
to
Rome
.
In
this
Visitation
(
saith
Mr.
Prynne
)
he
domineered
over
his
whole
Province
,
and
subjugated
it
to
his
arbitrary
Power
,
which
none
of
his
Predecessors
had
attempted
,
Vide
Spelm.
Concil.
Tom.
2.
p.
343.
much
less
effected
,
till
then
.
Having
visited
England
,
he
passed
by
Chester
into
Wales
,
Anno
1284.
to
reform
the
state
of
the
Church
.
In
this
Visitation
he
made
and
published
a
Decree
,
what
Ornaments
of
Churches
the
Parishoners
should
provide
and
pay
for
,
and
what
the
Priests
or
Incumbents
.
King
Edward
in
the
twelfth
year
of
his
Reign
issued
Warrants
for
the
payment
of
two
years
Arrears
of
1000
Marks
for
England
and
Ireland
,
granted
by
King
John
,
then
due
and
demanded
by
the
Pope
;
as
likewise
for
payment
of
seveal
arrears
of
pensions
he
had
granted
to
Cardinals
and
others
.
The
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
having
interdicted
some
of
the
Tenants
belonging
to
the
Abbey
of
Fiscan
in
England
,
the
Abbot
thereupon
Appealed
to
Rome
against
him
,
and
likewise
to
the
King
against
this
oppression
,
desiring
his
favour
,
that
no
Process
might
issue
out
of
his
Court
against
them
,
and
that
he
might
constitute
Attorneys
in
this
Case
,
since
he
could
not
come
into
England
without
great
damage
to
his
house
.
The
King
this
year
constituted
a
special
Proctor
for
three
years
,
by
Patent
,
to
defend
the
Rights
and
Liberties
of
his
free
Chappels
and
Crown
,
against
all
Papal
and
Episcopal
invaders
and
opposers
of
them
.
The
King
seizing
the
Advousons
of
several
Churches
in
Wales
,
as
forfeited
by
their
Patrons
Rebellions
against
him
,
gave
them
to
the
Bishop
of
St.
David's
,
with
power
to
appropriate
them
to
his
Church
of
St.
David's
,
and
Lekadeken
(
Lancaden
)
and
make
,
or
annex
them
to
Prebendaries
there
.
Hereupon
the
Bishop
of
St.
Davids
,
by
his
Charter
,
with
consent
and
approbation
of
the
King
,
and
his
Dean
and
Chapter
,
made
and
erected
a
new
Collegiate
Church
of
Canons
in
Lan
Caden
in
Wales
,
constituted
several
Canons
and
Prebendaries
therein
,
annexing
and
appropriating
the
forecited
Churches
thereunto
,
the
Patronages
whereof
were
granted
him
by
the
King
,
who
set
his
Seal
to
the
Bishop's
Charter
,
and
ratified
it
with
his
own
Charter
,
to
make
it
valid
in
Law
.
In
the
year
1285.
a
Parliament
at
Westminster
laid
down
the
limits
,
and
fixed
the
boundaries
,
betwixt
the
Spiritual
and
Temporal
jurisdictions
.
The
King
having
totally
subdued
the
Welsh
,
the
Archbishoprick
of
York
becomming
void
,
by
the
death
of
William
Wickwane
Archbishop
thereof
,
the
King
applied
the
profits
thereof
during
the
vacancy
,
towards
the
building
of
Castles
in
Wales
,
to
secure
it
.
This
year
Stephen
Bishop
of
Waterford
,
was
made
chief
Justice
of
Ireland
.
In
the
fifteenth
year
of
this
King
,
Henry
de
Branceston
was
elected
and
confirmed
Bishop
of
Sarum
.
The
King
granted
and
confirmed
to
the
Bishop
of
Bangor
,
and
his
Successors
,
all
the
Rights
,
Liberties
,
Possessions
,
and
Customes
,
they
had
formerly
used
and
enjoyed
.
In
the
sixteenth
year
of
this
King's
Reign
,
Gilbert
de
Sancto
Leofardo
,
was
elected
,
and
confirmed
Bishop
of
Chichester
,
by
the
King
's
Royal
assent
.
This
year
there
was
a
great
contest
between
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
and
the
Abbot
of
St.
Augustines
,
about
the
carrying
up
his
cross
.
First
,
The
Abbot
opposed
the
bearing
up
his
own
Cross
before
him
in
the
Monastery
of
St.
Augustines
,
even
within
his
own
Metropolis
and
See
of
Canterbury
,
when
specially
sent
for
thither
to
dine
with
the
King
.
Secondly
,
Observe
the
Archbishop's
pride
and
obstinacy
,
in
refusing
to
subscribe
such
a
Letter
,
as
the
King
directed
,
to
reconcile
this
difference
,
and
preserve
the
Abbot's
Privildges
,
or
repair
to
the
King
,
without
his
Cross
carried
before
him
;
together
with
his
malice
against
the
Abbot
and
Covent
,
for
not
admitting
him
to
carry
up
his
Cross
within
their
Monastery
.
Pat.
17.
Ed.
1.
Bishop
Godwin
observes
,
That
from
the
year
1284.
the
See
of
Salisbury
had
five
Bishops
within
the
space
of
five
years
,
whereof
William
de
Comer
(
as
he
stiles
him
)
was
the
fourth
.
But
Mr.
William
de
Corner
was
his
name
,
as
the
King
's
Writ
for
restoring
of
his
Temporalties
,
together
with
the
Patent
of
the
King
's
Royal
assent
to
his
election
,
assure
us
.
The
King
having
Conquered
Wales
,
confirmed
all
the
antient
Rights
,
Liberties
,
Possessions
,
and
Customes
of
the
Church
of
Asaph
,
to
the
present
Bishop
and
his
Successors
,
which
they
formerly
used
and
enjoyed
,
and
that
he
might
freely
make
his
Testament
.
Pope
Nicholas
the
fourth
,
being
setled
in
his
Pontifical
Chair
,
in
the
first
year
of
his
Papacy
,
sent
a
Bull
to
King
Edward
the
first
,
to
demand
five
years
Arrears
of
the
Annual
pension
of
one
thousand
Marks
,
granted
by
King
John
.
The
King
hereupon
,
the
better
to
promote
his
cousin
Charles
to
the
Realm
of
Sicily
,
and
expedite
his
own
affairs
in
the
Court
of
Rome
,
concerning
a
dispensation
for
his
Son
,
to
Marry
the
heir
of
the
Crown
of
Scotland
,
and
other
business
touching
Gascoign
and
France
(
for
which
he
had
then
sent
special
Ambassadors
to
Rome
,
with
Letters
both
to
the
Pope
and
Cardinals
)
issued
a
Writ
for
the
payment
of
these
five
years
Arrears
accordingly
.
Mr.
Prynne
saith
,
That
this
was
the
last
payment
made
by
King
Edward
the
first
,
of
this
Annual
pension
.
The
Pope
upon
receipt
hereof
,
granted
a
dispensation
to
the
King's
Son
,
Prince
Edward
,
to
Marry
with
the
heir
of
the
Crown
of
Scotland
,
thereby
to
unite
these
two
Crowns
and
Kingdomes
,
and
prevent
the
long
bloody
Wars
between
them
,
though
within
the
prohibited
degrees
of
Consanguinity
.
King
Edward
,
upon
the
receipt
of
this
Dispensation
,
sent
Letters
and
Proxies
to
Ericus
King
of
Norway
,
and
likewise
to
the
Guardians
of
the
Realm
of
Scotland
,
to
consummate
this
Marriage
,
upon
diverse
Articles
and
agreements
.
King
Edward
likewise
to
perfect
the
Marriage
between
his
Son
,
Prince
Edward
,
and
Margaret
Queen
of
Scots
,
with
the
general
approbation
of
the
Keepers
,
Nobles
,
and
Natives
of
that
Realm
,
granted
and
ratified
to
the
Nobles
and
People
of
Scotland
diverse
Articles
,
agreed
on
by
special
Commissioners
sent
on
both
sides
,
and
approved
by
him
,
by
Letters
,
under
his
great
Seal
,
which
he
took
an
Oath
to
observe
,
under
the
penalty
of
forfeiting
one
hundred
thousand
pounds
to
the
Church
of
Rome
,
towards
the
holy
Wars
,
Pat.
8.
Edw.
1.
m.
8.
and
subjecting
himself
to
the
Pope's
Excommunication
,
and
his
Kingdom
to
an
Interdict
,
in
case
of
Violation
,
or
Non-performance
,
as
the
Patent
attesteth
,
enrolled
both
in
French
and
Latine
.
The
King
,
after
this
,
appointed
the
Bishop
of
Durham
,
to
be
this
Queen
Margaret's
,
and
his
Son
Prince
Edward's
,
Lieutennant
in
Scotland
,
for
the
preservation
of
the
Peace
and
Government
thereof
.
At
which
time
he
and
his
Son
likewise
constituted
Proctors
to
Treat
with
the
King
of
Norway
in
his
,
and
his
Son
Edward's
,
Name
,
concerning
his
Sons
Marriage
,
and
Espousals
,
with
his
Daughter
Margaret
Queen
of
Scotland
.
To
facilitate
this
Marriage
,
the
Bishop
of
Durham
,
at
the
King's
request
,
obliged
himself
to
pay
four
hundred
pounds
by
the
year
,
to
certain
persons
in
Norway
;
to
discharge
which
annuity
,
the
King
granted
him
several
Manors
amounting
to
a
greater
value
.
But
the
sickness
and
death
of
this
Queen
,
in
her
voyage
toward
Scotland
and
England
,
frustrated
this
,
much
desired
,
Marriage
between
Prince
Edward
and
her
,
and
raised
new
questions
between
the
Competitors
for
the
Crown
.
Thomas
Walsingham
saith
,
That
about
this
time
(
the
Pope
requiring
it
)
the
Churches
of
England
were
taxed
according
to
their
true
value
,
to
raise
his
Dismes
and
exactions
higher
.
In
the
same
year
1290.
the
King
,
out
of
his
zeal
to
Christian
Religion
,
banished
all
the
Jews
out
of
England
,
by
a
publick
Act
in
Parliament
,
The
Jews
banished
out
of
England
by
Act
of
Parliament
.
and
Confiscated
all
their
Houses
and
Lands
,
for
their
Infidelity
,
Blasphemy
,
Crucifying
of
Children
,
in
contempt
of
Christ
Crucified
,
and
clipping
of
his
Coyn.
In
August
they
were
commanded
to
depart
the
Land
,
with
their
Wives
and
Children
,
between
that
time
and
the
Feast
of
all
Saints
,
with
their
moveable
Goods
.
Their
number
was
said
to
be
sixteen
thousand
five
hundred
and
eleven
,
they
were
banished
,
never
to
return
again
into
England
.
There
hapning
many
contests
between
the
Bishop
of
Lincoln
,
and
the
Masters
and
Scholars
of
the
University
of
Oxford
,
concerning
the
Presentation
and
Confirmation
of
their
Chancellor
,
whether
he
ought
to
come
out
of
the
University
in
Person
to
the
Bishop
,
or
to
be
admitted
by
his
Proxies
:
the
King
by
his
Prerogative
to
advance
Learning
,
and
settle
Peace
between
them
,
made
a
friendly
accord
for
the
future
.
Pope
Nicholas
preferring
his
own
lucre
,
and
favour
of
King
Edward
and
his
Chaplains
,
before
God's
Service
,
or
Peoples
Souls
,
against
sundry
Canons
,
Licensed
twenty
of
the
King's
Clerks
imployed
in
his
service
,
which
he
should
nominate
to
be
Non-residents
from
their
Ecclesiastical
Benefices
for
ten
years
space
.
This
year
the
King
confirmed
the
grant
of
several
Tithes
,
Churches
,
and
Advousons
,
formerly
made
by
Robert
de
Candos
to
the
Monastery
of
Bek
and
Goldclive
.
Then
Peter
de
Divion
,
Abbot
of
Rewley
,
an
Alien
,
born
in
France
,
and
most
Abbots
and
Priors
that
were
Aliens
,
took
an
Oath
,
and
gave
sufficient
Pledges
for
their
Fidelity
and
true
Allegeance
to
the
King
in
that
Age
(
especially
in
time
of
War
)
and
not
to
send
the
Goods
of
their
Monasteries
out
of
the
Realm
,
which
they
frequently
did
to
the
Kingdoms
prejudice
.
The
King
issuing
a
Dedimus
potestatem
to
the
Abbot
of
Thame
to
take
this
Oath
of
Peter
de
Divion
,
the
Abbot
endorsed
this
return
thereon
.
Ego
Frater
Johannes
,
Abbas
de
Thame
,
virtute
istius
Mandati
,
recepi
Sacramentum
Dom.
Petri
de
Divione
,
Abbatis
de
Regali
loco
juxta
Oxon.
apud
Oxon.
Dominica
in
festo
Apostolorum
Simonis
&
Judae
:
&
etiam
recepi
Manucaptores
ipsius
Domini
Petri
Abbatis
de
Regali
loco
,
viz.
Johannem
de
Doclynton
Majorem
Villae
Oxon.
Johannem
de
Crokesford
Juniorem
,
Ricardum
Cary
,
Johannem
de
Fallee
,
&
Johannem
le
Peyntour
,
Burgensis
dictae
Villae
Oxon.
Qui
conjunctim
&
divisim
manuceperunt
dictum
Dom.
Petrum
Abbatem
de
Regali
loco
,
quod
idem
Abbas
bene
&
fideliter
erga
dominum
Regem
se
habebit
;
&
omnia
alia
in
Brevi
isto
contenta
perficiet
&
observabit
.
The
King
granted
two
hundred
pounds
to
the
Pope's
Chaplain
in
Scotland
for
his
expences
,
pains
,
and
labour
therein
taken
in
the
service
of
Queen
Margaret
deceased
.
The
same
year
William
de
Luda
was
elected
and
confirmed
Bishop
of
Ely
.
This
year
the
King
gave
several
sums
of
Money
to
buy
Books
and
Ornaments
for
Religious
Houses
,
that
were
burnt
in
Gascoign
and
England
.
The
King
converted
the
Profits
of
the
Archbishoprick
of
York
(
then
void
)
to
the
repairing
and
building
the
Castle
of
Carnarvan
in
Wales
,
after
his
Conquest
thereof
.
Parker
de
Antiqu.
Eccles.
Anglic.
f.
205.
Anno
1290.
Matthew
Parker
,
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
storieth
,
that
John
Peckham
,
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
this
year
,
after
the
visitation
and
subjugation
of
his
whole
Province
,
summoned
a
Council
of
his
Clergy
at
Reding
,
wherein
he
propounded
the
drawing
of
all
causes
concerning
Advousons
,
meerly
belonging
to
the
King
's
Temporal
,
to
their
Ecclesiastical
Courts
,
and
to
cut
off
all
Prohibitions
to
them
from
the
King's
Courts
in
personal
Causes
.
Which
the
King
hearing
of
,
expresly
commanded
them
by
special
Messengers
,
to
desist
from
it
,
whereupon
this
Council
was
dissolved
.
In
the
nineteenth
year
of
King
Edward
the
First
,
Queen
Eleanor
deceasing
in
December
,
the
King
thereupon
out
of
his
devotion
(
according
to
the
practice
of
that
blind
Age
)
on
January
the
fourth
,
issued
a
Writ
to
all
the
Religious
Houses
and
Monks
of
Cluny
in
England
,
to
sing
Masses
and
Prayers
for
her
Soul
,
to
purge
it
from
all
the
remaining
spots
of
sin
,
and
to
certifie
him
the
number
of
the
Masses
they
would
say
for
her
,
that
proportionably
he
might
thank
them
.
William
Thorn
saith
,
that
the
Prior
of
Christ-church
in
Canterbury
granted
to
the
King
,
in
the
Feast
of
the
Translation
of
St.
Edward
,
fifty
Hymns
,
and
two
thousand
three
hundred
and
fifty
Masses
for
the
Souls
of
his
Progenitors
,
and
Queens
of
England
,
as
a
great
extraordinary
Liberality
and
Spiritual
Alms.
The
Abbot
of
Condam
also
sent
a
Letter
to
the
King
,
to
inform
him
,
what
Prayers
,
Masses
,
and
Anniversaries
,
He
,
and
his
Monastery
,
had
ordered
for
the
Queens
speedy
translation
to
Heavenly
Joyes
.
Anno
1292.
died
John
Peckham
,
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
and
Pope
Nicholas
also
died
,
who
sate
four
years
,
one
month
,
and
eighteen
dayes
,
after
whose
death
,
one
delivered
this
Verse
for
an
Epitaph
.
Gloria
,
laus
,
speculum
fratrum
Nicolae
Minorum
,
Te
vivente
vigent
,
te
moriente
cadunt
.
The
Frier
Minors
pride
,
insolency
,
and
avarice
was
great
while
they
lived
,
who
were
both
of
their
Order
.
Archbishop
Peckham's
death
this
year
,
put
a
period
to
the
Contests
between
him
,
and
the
Abbot
of
St.
Augustines
.
King
Edward
in
the
twentieth
year
of
his
Reign
,
out
of
his
blind
devotion
,
and
love
to
his
late
deceased
Consort
,
Queen
Eleanor
,
instituted
a
solemn
Anniversary
to
be
kept
for
her
every
year
,
Issuing
sums
of
Money
,
and
granting
several
Manors
,
and
Lands
to
the
Abbot
and
Covent
of
Westminster
for
that
end
,
Claus
.
20.
Edw.
1.
wherein
he
prescribed
how
many
Tapers
,
and
of
what
weight
,
they
should
find
;
how
many
and
what
Masses
,
Dirges
,
Pater-nosters
,
Ave-Maries
they
should
sing
;
and
what
Alms
they
should
distribute
to
the
poor
for
her
Soul
;
obliging
the
Abbot
,
Prior
,
and
Monks
by
a
solemn
Oath
duly
to
perform
the
same
,
under
pain
of
forfeiting
all
their
Goods
,
Chattels
,
and
the
Lands
thus
given
to
them
for
this
end
.
Anthony
,
Bishop
of
Durham
,
erecting
the
Parish-Churches
of
Chester
,
and
Langechester
,
which
were
very
rich
and
large
,
into
a
Deanary
and
seven
Prebendaries
,
for
the
advancing
of
God's
Service
,
and
the
good
of
the
peoples
Souls
,
and
obliging
the
Dean
and
Prebends
by
Oath
,
to
personal
Residence
thereon
,
and
discharge
of
their
duties
and
God's
Service
therein
,
according
as
he
had
prescribed
by
his
Ordinances
and
Charters
.
The
King
to
promote
God's
Service
,
and
the
good
of
his
Peoples
Souls
,
ratified
the
Bishop's
Ordinances
by
two
Charters
which
recite
them
,
warranting
the
division
of
great
and
rich
Parishes
and
Bishopricks
into
many
;
and
obliging
the
Dean
,
Prebends
,
Ministers
,
Chaplains
thereof
,
by
Oath
,
to
personal
Residence
,
and
discharge
of
their
Duties
,
and
Divine
offices
therein
.
John
Lythgraines
,
and
Alice
his
Wife
,
erecting
a
Chappel
and
Chauntry
to
the
Virgin
Mary
in
their
Manor
of
Lasingby
,
consisting
of
one
Master
and
six
Chaplains
,
to
sing
Mass
for
their
Souls
,
and
the
Souls
of
their
Ancestors
,
and
of
King
Edward
and
his
Heirs
,
of
the
present
Bishop
of
Durham
and
his
Successors
,
and
of
all
faithful
Souls
deceased
,
prescribing
an
Oath
to
them
of
perpetual
Residence
,
and
discharge
of
the
particular
Divine
Services
,
and
trusts
reposed
in
them
,
procured
the
King
to
ratifie
this
his
Charter
,
Chart.
20
Ed.
1.
n.
5.
by
his
Royal
Charter
enrolled
in
the
Tower
.
King
Edward
the
First
,
in
the
twenty
one
year
of
his
Reign
,
as
Superiour
Lord
of
Scotland
in
that
Age
,
exercised
a
Soveraign
Authority
,
in
and
over
the
King
,
Clergy
,
and
Kingdom
of
Scotland
,
in
Causes
and
Inheritances
which
concerned
the
Church
,
Clergy
,
or
Religious
Persons
,
as
well
as
in
Secular
mens
cases
,
notwithstanding
any
Pretences
,
or
Appeals
to
Rome
,
where
Justice
was
delayed
,
or
refused
to
them
by
the
King
of
Scots
,
whereof
there
are
sundry
Presidents
in
the
Patent
,
and
Plea-Rolls
of
Scotland
in
this
and
succeeding
years
.
Robert
Winchelsey
,
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
was
no
sooner
consecrated
at
Rome
,
Vid.
Godw.
Catal.
p.
427.
but
he
procured
a
Bull
from
Pope
Celestine
the
Fifth
,
by
his
Papal
provision
to
confer
the
Bishoprick
of
Landaff
(
which
had
been
void
for
nine
years
space
,
and
thereby
devolved
to
the
Pope
by
lapse
,
as
he
pretended
)
on
any
Person
he
should
think
meet
for
that
employment
.
Whereupon
,
without
the
King
's
previous
Authority
,
he
conferred
it
,
by
way
of
provision
,
upon
John
de
Monmouth
.
Yet
the
King
was
not
forward
to
restore
the
Temporalties
of
the
Archbishoprick
of
Canterbury
to
this
Archbishop
,
or
of
Landaff
to
John
de
Monmouth
,
thus
intruded
into
it
against
his
Prerogative
,
but
detained
them
near
two
years
after
in
his
hands
as
vacant
,
receiving
the
profits
,
and
presenting
to
the
Benefices
belonging
to
them
.
Upon
the
death
of
Robert
Burnel
,
Bishop
of
Bath
and
Wells
,
the
King's
Chancellor
,
William
de
Marchia
(
then
Treasurer
of
England
)
was
elected
to
succeed
him
in
that
Bishoprick
.
This
year
John
de
Langton
succeeded
Robert
Burnel
in
the
Chancellors
Office
of
England
.
The
King
in
the
twenty
two
year
of
his
Reign
,
notwithstanding
a
Subsidy
granted
to
him
,
Matth.
Westm.
wanting
Moneys
,
searched
all
the
Monasteries
and
Churches
throughout
England
,
where
any
Moneys
were
deposited
by
Religious
persons
or
others
,
and
forcibly
carried
it
away
to
supply
his
occasions
,
by
the
advice
of
his
Treasurer
William
de
Marchia
,
Bishop
of
Bath
and
Wells
.
The
same
year
the
King
granted
Protections
to
divers
Abbots
and
Clergy-men
,
who
aided
him
with
their
Contributions
against
the
French
.
He
also
desired
the
assistance
of
their
devout
Prayers
unto
God
for
a
blessing
upon
him
and
his
Military
Forces
,
in
defence
of
his
Inheritance
against
their
armed
Powers
,
as
appears
by
his
Writs
,
under
his
Privy
Seal
,
issued
to
his
Bishops
,
and
other
Religious
persons
.
John
Duke
of
Brabant
(
the
King
's
dear
Friend
and
Kinsman
)
dying
this
year
,
the
King
issued
Writs
to
all
his
Bishops
,
and
sundry
Abbots
and
Priors
,
to
make
Prayers
,
and
chaunt
Masses
for
him
,
according
to
the
superstition
of
that
Age.
Then
the
Roman
See
(
through
the
Cardinals
divisions
)
continuing
void
about
three
years
and
three
months
after
the
decease
of
Pope
Nicholas
the
Fourth
,
the
Cardinals
at
last
elected
Peter
de
Murone
,
an
Hermite
,
and
Monk
of
the
Order
of
St.
Benedict
,
whom
they
named
Celestine
the
Fifth
.
He
,
during
his
short
continuance
in
the
Papacy
,
granted
our
King
Edward
the
First
a
Disme
for
seven
years
from
all
the
Clergy
of
England
,
out
of
zeal
to
the
relief
of
the
Holy
Land
.
But
his
Wars
with
the
French
,
Welch-men
and
Scots
,
wasted
all
these
Dismes
,
Pope
Celestine
in
the
month
of
September
created
twelve
Cardinals
,
among
whom
were
two
Hermits
.
But
the
Cardinals
being
weary
of
this
precise
,
reforming
Pope
,
perswaded
him
to
resign
his
Papacy
,
as
being
unfit
to
manage
it
without
the
Churches
ruine
,
and
his
own
destruction
.
So
after
he
had
sate
five
months
and
seven
dayes
,
he
resigned
the
Papacy
.
Then
Benedict
Cajetan
,
his
grand
Counsellor
,
was
chosen
Pope
,
and
called
by
the
name
of
Boniface
.
How
unsutable
,
yea
contradictory
,
his
actions
were
to
both
his
good
names
,
he
immediately
discovered
,
which
occasioned
this
Distich
to
be
made
of
,
and
applied
to
him
.
Audi
,
tace
,
lege
,
bene
dic
,
bene
fac
Benedicte
,
Aut
haec
perverte
,
male
dic
,
male
fac
,
Maledicte
.
Celestine
returned
to
his
Cell
,
from
whence
Boniface
drew
him
forth
,
and
cast
him
into
a
close
Prison
,
where
he
abode
till
his
death
;
whence
it
is
reported
,
that
Celestine
prophecied
of
him
,
Ascendisti
ut
Vulpes
,
Regnabis
ut
Leo
,
Morieris
ut
Canis
,
Thou
hast
ascended
into
the
Papacy
like
a
Fox
,
thou
shalt
reign
like
a
Lion
,
and
die
like
a
Dog
:
and
so
it
came
to
pass
.
This
Pope
Boniface
by
his
Bull
having
appropriated
the
Church
of
Wermington
to
the
Abby
of
Peterburgh
,
whereof
they
had
the
Patronage
,
the
King
authorized
them
accordingly
to
appropriate
it
to
them
and
their
Successors
,
against
him
and
his
Heirs
,
notwithstanding
the
Statute
of
Mortmain
.
This
Pope
sent
two
Cardinal
Legats
a
latere
,
first
to
the
King
of
France
,
and
from
him
to
the
King
of
England
,
then
engaged
in
Wars
against
each
other
,
under
a
specious
pretext
of
mediating
a
Truce
between
England
and
France
:
but
instead
thereof
these
Cardinals
did
twice
prey
upon
the
English
and
Irish
Churches
and
Clergy
,
and
transported
their
Treasure
into
France
,
to
enrich
themselves
and
the
King's
Enemies
there
.
Then
King
Edward
sent
Writs
to
his
Archbishops
,
Bishops
,
Abbots
,
and
others
,
to
make
Prayers
,
sing
Masses
,
and
do
other
Works
of
Piety
for
the
Soul
of
his
Brother
Edmond
,
and
after
that
of
Margaret
Queen
of
France
,
according
to
the
superstition
of
that
Age.
Tho.
Walsingh
.
Hist.
Angl.
p.
34.
In
the
twenty
fourth
year
of
King
Edward's
Reign
,
there
arose
a
great
Sedition
and
Combat
between
the
Scholars
and
Townsmen
in
the
University
of
Oxford
,
wherein
many
were
slain
on
both
sides
,
and
the
Goods
of
the
Scholars
plundered
and
carried
away
:
upon
complaint
whereof
to
the
King
by
the
Scholars
,
he
sent
his
Justices
thither
to
punish
the
Malefactors
,
and
repair
the
Scholars
damages
.
King
Edward
strenuously
opposed
Pope
Boniface's
Anti-monarchical
Constitution
,
against
demanding
or
imposing
Subsidies
on
the
Clergy
.
Robert
Winchelsey
,
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
was
stout
in
the
prosecution
of
the
Popes
Bull
which
he
had
procured
for
it
:
for
which
all
his
Tempoporalties
were
seized
;
and
he
being
forced
to
hide
his
head
,
and
reduced
to
great
extremities
,
was
restored
to
the
King's
favour
by
the
earnest
mediation
of
his
Suffragan
Bishops
on
his
behalf
.
Whereupon
the
King
issued
out
Writs
to
restore
his
Temporalties
,
with
all
his
Oxen
,
Goods
,
and
Chattels
formerly
seized
,
in
the
state
now
they
were
.
In
the
twenty
fifth
year
of
this
King's
Reign
,
Henry
de
Newark
being
elected
Archbishop
of
York
,
and
his
election
approved
by
the
King
,
his
Proctors
sent
to
Rome
,
procured
the
Pope's
confirmation
of
his
election
,
together
with
a
License
to
be
consecrated
in
his
own
Church
at
York
by
the
Bishop
of
Durham
.
The
King
,
upon
the
receipt
of
the
Pope's
Bull
,
issued
a
Writ
for
the
restitution
of
his
Temporalties
.
Pope
Boniface
having
confirmed
the
election
of
David
Martyn
to
the
Bishoprick
of
St.
Davids
in
Wales
,
the
King
upon
notice
given
accepted
thereof
.
The
Bishoprick
of
Ely
becoming
void
by
the
death
of
William
Luda
,
the
minor
part
of
the
Chapter
elected
John
their
Prior
,
but
the
better
John
de
Langten
,
the
King's
Chancellor
.
The
King
confirmed
the
election
of
his
Chancellor
.
The
King
,
by
his
Prerogative
,
having
granted
a
License
to
the
Bishop
of
Coventry
and
Litchfield
,
Anno
Reg.
26.
to
hold
the
Hospital
of
St.
Leonards
in
York
in
Commenda
with
his
Bishoprick
during
his
life
,
out
of
his
free
Gift
,
and
special
Grace
,
confirmed
it
by
his
Patents
,
so
as
this
Dispensation
should
not
prove
prejudicial
to
him
or
his
Heirs
.
The
Monks
of
Battel-Abbey
,
by
ancient
Charters
,
having
the
custody
of
the
Abby
and
Lands
,
during
the
vacancy
upon
their
Abbot's
death
,
the
King
issued
a
Writ
to
restore
them
to
their
custody
.
Mr.
Prynne
observeth
,
and
relateth
diverse
things
of
this
year
.
1.
That
the
Contests
between
the
Archbishop
,
Prynne's
Hist.
of
Popes
Usurpations
,
Tom.
3.
Abbots
and
Monks
of
Canterbury
,
about
Exemptions
,
Priviledges
,
and
Jurisdictions
,
was
a
great
cause
of
advancing
the
Pope's
usurped
Jurisdiction
over
them
both
,
and
over
the
Rights
,
Prerogative
of
the
Crown
and
Church
of
England
.
2.
The
Pope's
Insolency
in
exempting
the
Abbots
,
and
Monks
of
Canterbury
,
and
all
their
Lands
,
Hospitals
,
Churches
,
Impropriations
,
Priests
,
Tenants
,
from
all
Archiepiscopal
,
and
other
Ecclesiastical
Jurisdiction
,
and
subjecting
them
solely
to
the
See
of
Rome
:
as
likewise
in
subjecting
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
the
Bishops
of
London
and
Rochester
,
to
the
commands
and
censures
of
the
Abbots
of
Westminster
,
Waltham
,
and
St.
Edmond
.
3.
The
pride
of
the
Abbots
in
erecting
Deanaries
,
Officials
,
Ecclesiastical
Consistories
,
and
in
prescribing
Oaths
of
Canonical
obedience
upon
the
Priests
and
Curats
of
their
Churches
belonging
to
their
Monastery
.
4.
The
strange
injustice
and
contradiction
of
Popes
Bulls
,
nulling
,
repealing
each
other
by
Non
obstantes
,
with
all
former
Priviledges
granted
by
themselves
,
and
Contracts
made
or
ratified
by
others
through
bribery
and
corruption
.
CENT
.
XIV
.
IN
the
beginning
of
this
Century
King
Edward
the
First
waged
cruel
Wars
against
the
Scots
.
Then
Pope
Boniface
the
Eighth
sent
his
Letters
to
the
King
,
to
quit
his
claim
to
Scotland
,
to
cease
his
Wars
,
Fox
Acts
and
Monum
.
lib.
1.
p.
444
,
445.
and
release
his
Prisoners
of
the
Scotch
Nation
,
as
a
people
exempt
,
and
properly
belonging
to
his
own
Chappel
.
He
grounded
his
Title
thereunto
,
because
(
it
was
said
)
Scotland
was
first
converted
,
by
the
Relicks
of
S.
Peter
,
to
the
unity
of
the
Christian
Faith
.
Hereupon
King
Edward
called
a
Council
of
his
Lords
at
Lincoln
,
where
he
returned
a
large
Answer
to
the
Pope's
Letter
,
endeavouring
by
evident
Reasons
,
and
ancient
Precedents
to
prove
his
propriety
in
the
Kingdom
of
Scotland
.
This
was
seconded
by
another
from
the
English
Peerage
,
subscribed
with
all
their
hands
;
declaring
that
the
King
ought
by
no
means
to
answer
in
judgment
in
any
case
,
or
should
bring
his
Rights
into
doubt
,
and
ought
not
to
send
any
Proctors
or
Messengers
to
the
Pope
,
&c.
The
Pope
foreseeing
the
Verdict
would
go
against
him
,
wisely
non-suited
himself
.
Then
Pope
Boniface
sent
forth
a
Declaration
in
favour
of
the
Archbishop
,
and
proceeded
so
violently
against
the
Abbots
,
Monks
,
Chron.
Will
.
Thorn
.
col.
1997.
ad
2003.
and
their
Adherents
,
by
Excommunications
,
Interdicts
,
&c.
that
he
enforced
them
to
submit
,
and
sue
unto
him
for
Absolution
,
and
a
friendly
agreement
between
them
.
After
the
death
of
Henry
de
Newark
,
Thomas
Corbridge
being
elected
Archbishop
of
York
,
repaired
to
Rome
for
his
Confirmation
,
where
he
was
forced
to
resign
his
right
of
Election
into
the
Pope's
hands
,
and
to
receive
the
Archbishoprick
from
him
by
way
of
provision
,
who
thereupon
not
only
confirmed
,
but
consecrated
him
Archbishop
at
Rome
,
and
gave
him
his
Pall
;
and
the
King
restored
his
Temporalties
upon
receipt
of
the
Pope's
Bull.
Thomas
Stubs
tells
us
of
an
high
Contest
that
happened
soon
after
betwixt
the
King
and
him
,
about
the
Chappel
of
St.
Sepulchres
in
York
,
for
which
the
King
seized
his
Temporalties
,
and
detained
some
of
them
till
his
death
,
for
obeying
the
Pope's
Provision
and
Commands
before
the
King
's
Writ
,
in
refusing
to
admit
his
Clerk
to
this
Chappel
,
and
to
remove
the
Pope's
Clerk
,
whom
he
had
placed
therein
by
his
Papal
Provision
.
This
Archbishop's
Liberties
in
Beverley
were
seized
into
the
King's
hands
,
Anno
29.
of
his
Reign
,
for
a
contempt
committed
by
him
in
the
King's
presence
.
The
King's
Daughter
Mary
,
being
a
Nun
,
professed
at
Ambresbury
,
the
King
granted
her
forty
Oaks
each
year
,
twenty
tun
of
Wines
,
and
several
Manors
of
above
the
value
of
two
hundred
pounds
a
year
,
for
her
maintenance
.
In
the
thirtieth
year
of
the
Reign
of
King
Edward
,
the
French
King
Philip
,
with
all
the
Peers
,
Earls
,
Barons
,
Archbishops
,
Bishops
,
Abbots
,
Priors
,
Clergy
,
University
of
Paris
,
and
the
Cities
and
Commonalty
of
France
,
did
Appeal
,
and
Article
against
Pope
Boniface
the
Eighth
his
Person
,
Crimes
,
Interdicts
,
Excommunications
,
to
the
next
General
Council
,
in
the
ruffe
of
his
Papal
pride
,
as
a
most
detestable
Heretick
,
Simoniack
,
Adulterer
,
Sorcerer
,
and
Monster
of
Impiety
:
and
soon
after
seized
,
imprisoned
,
and
brought
him
to
a
shameful
Tragical
end
.
The
particular
Articles
are
recorded
by
Mr.
Fox
.
Fox
Acts
and
Monuments
.
Vol.
1.
p.
450
,
451.
Of
this
Pope
a
certain
Versifier
wrote
thus
.
Ingreditur
Vulpes
,
Regnat
Leo
,
sed
Canis
exit
.
Re
tandem
vera
,
si
sic
fuit
ecce
chimera
.
Alter
vero
sic
.
Vulpes
intravit
,
tanquam
Leo
Pontificavit
;
Exiit
utque
Canis
,
de
divite
factus
inanis
.
Then
was
the
Bishop
of
Ostia
created
Pope
,
and
called
Benedict
the
Eleventh
:
Of
whom
one
saith
,
A
te
nomen
habe
,
bene
dic
,
bene
fac
,
Benedicte
:
Aut
rem
perverte
,
maledic
,
malefac
,
Maledicte
.
The
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
Robert
Winchelsey
,
having
plotted
Treason
,
with
some
others
of
the
Nobility
,
against
the
King
,
projecting
to
depose
him
,
and
set
up
his
Son
Edward
in
his
Room
,
lurked
in
a
Covent
at
Canterbury
,
till
fourscore
Monks
were
,
by
the
King's
Command
,
thrust
out
of
their
places
,
for
relieving
him
out
of
their
Charity
,
and
were
not
restored
till
the
Archbishop
was
banished
the
Kingdom
.
In
the
year
1305.
the
King
sent
a
Letter
to
the
Pope
for
the
Canonizing
of
Thomas
de
Cantelupe
,
late
Bishop
of
Hereford
deceased
,
famous
for
sundry
Miracles
(
as
was
suggested
)
that
so
he
and
his
Realm
might
enjoy
the
benefit
of
his
Intercession
for
them
in
Heaven
,
according
to
the
Superstition
of
that
blind
Age.
After
the
death
of
Pope
Benedict
,
Pope
Clement
was
no
sooner
elected
,
and
enthroned
in
France
,
but
he
began
to
exercise
his
new
Rapines
in
England
,
by
complying
with
King
Edward
,
in
granting
him
a
two
years
Disme
from
his
Clergy
for
his
own
use
,
though
pretended
for
the
aid
of
the
Holy
Land
,
that
himself
might
more
easily
exact
the
First-fruits
of
vacant
Ecclesiastical
Benefices
to
fill
his
own
Coffers
,
though
out
of
his
Dominions
.
Which
occasioned
these
Satyrical
Verses
to
be
made
of
him
and
the
King
this
year
:
Ecclesia
navis
titubat
,
Regni
quia
navis
Errat
,
Rex
,
Papa
,
facti
sunt
unica
Capa
.
Hoc
.
faciunt
do
,
des
,
Pilatus
hic
,
Alter
Herodes
.
This
is
the
first
president
of
any
Pope's
reserving
,
or
exacting
Annates
,
or
First-fruits
When
First-fruits
were
first
brought
into
England
of
all
Ecclesiastical
Dignities
,
and
Benefices
throughout
England
,
extant
in
our
Histories
:
which
,
though
reserved
but
for
two
years
by
this
Pope
at
first
,
grew
afterwards
into
custom
by
degrees
,
both
in
England
and
elsewhere
.
As
this
Pope
thus
introduced
these
First-fruits
into
England
,
so
he
likewise
frequently
sent
abroad
his
Bulls
of
Provisions
for
Ecclesiastical
Benefices
and
Promotions
therein
for
his
Favourites
and
Clerks
,
which
were
then
void
,
or
should
afterwards
fall
void
by
death
,
or
otherwise
.
Manifold
were
the
Cautions
inserted
into
Pope's
Provisions
for
poor
Clerks
,
though
Learned
and
Honest
,
which
must
be
confined
to
an
Archbishop's
Living
in
one
Diocess
of
small
value
,
and
those
not
formerly
granted
to
any
others
,
and
they
bound
to
personal
residence
thereon
;
when
as
others
,
that
were
rich
,
and
more
able
to
pay
great
sums
for
them
,
were
not
clogged
with
so
many
Cautions
.
Many
Instruments
,
under
the
hands
of
publick
Notaries
,
these
poor
Clerks
must
procure
,
with
vast
sollicitation
,
travel
,
and
expence
,
before
they
get
the
least
hopes
of
enjoying
any
small
Prebend
,
or
Benefice
,
by
Popes
Bulls
,
and
yet
,
in
fine
,
not
enjoy
actual
possession
of
them
.
Many
of
the
Pope's
Provisions
to
every
small
,
as
well
as
great
,
Prebendary
,
nor
Benefice
,
were
granted
to
several
persons
,
in
possession
,
or
expectacy
,
by
sundry
Bulls
at
once
,
contradicting
,
repealing
each
other
by
Non
obstantes
,
engendring
infinite
Suits
,
and
Appeals
in
the
Pope's
Court
,
to
the
great
vexation
of
the
Patrons
,
Provisors
,
and
other
Competitors
,
and
neglect
of
the
Peoples
souls
,
during
su●h
Contests
concerning
them
.
The
King
granted
the
Tithes
and
Appropriations
of
all
his
new
Assarts
within
his
Forrest
of
Deane
,
which
were
extraparochial
to
the
Bishop
of
Landeff
,
to
augment
his
small
Bishoprick
,
and
maintain
a
Chauntry
in
the
Church
of
Newland
.
The
like
Grant
the
King
made
this
year
of
extraparochial
Tithes
,
within
the
Forrest
of
Sherwood
,
to
the
Prior
of
Felley
.
The
King
likewise
ordered
the
Tithes
of
all
his
Mills
in
Holderness
to
be
paid
to
the
Parsons
of
all
Parish-churches
,
wherein
they
were
,
as
the
Nobles
and
others
there
used
to
pay
them
.
Then
the
King
(
according
to
the
manner
of
that
Age
)
commanded
Prayers
and
Masses
to
be
made
for
the
Soul
of
Joan
,
late
Queen
of
France
,
and
for
Blanch
,
late
Dutchess
of
Austria
,
deceased
.
In
Scotland
there
arose
a
great
Rebellion
through
the
treachery
of
the
perjured
Archbishop
of
St.
Andrews
,
the
Bishop
of
Glasgo
,
and
Abbot
of
Schone
,
who
confederating
with
Robert
Brus
,
Earl
of
Carrick
,
and
others
of
the
Scottish
Nobility
,
resolved
to
make
and
Crown
Robert
King
of
Scotland
:
who
being
opposed
therein
by
John
Comyn
his
Cousin-German
,
a
man
of
great
power
in
Scotland
,
he
set
upon
and
murdered
the
said
John
Comyn
in
the
Church
of
Dunfrees
,
and
was
soon
after
crowned
King
by
the
premised
Bishops
and
Abbot
.
Pope
Clement
the
Sixth
,
being
informed
of
this
murder
of
John
Comyn
by
King
Robert
,
ordered
the
Archbishop
of
York
,
and
Bishop
of
Carlisle
to
excommunicate
him
,
and
his
Complices
,
with
sound
of
Bells
and
Candles
in
all
places
of
England
,
Scotland
,
Ireland
,
Wales
,
and
elsewhere
(
though
without
their
Diocess
)
and
to
Interdict
all
their
Lands
and
Castles
,
till
they
should
submit
themselves
.
This
Bull
was
executed
accordingly
.
King
Edward
sent
a
great
and
strong
Army
into
Scotland
against
Robert
Brus.
And
Aymery
de
Valence
,
Earl
of
Pembrook
,
put
to
flight
King
Robert
,
took
his
Wife
,
his
Brother
Nigellus
,
and
others
:
but
himself
escaped
into
the
utmost
Isles
of
Scotland
.
The
Earl
of
Athol
was
put
to
death
at
London
,
and
Nigellus
at
Barwick
.
The
Bishops
of
St.
Andrews
,
and
Glasgo
,
and
the
Abbot
of
Scone
,
were
put
in
Iron
chains
,
and
kept
close
prisoners
in
Porchester-castle
.
King
Robert
was
brought
to
such
misery
,
that
he
was
sometime
naked
,
and
hungry
,
without
meat
or
drink
,
save
only
water
and
roots
of
Herbs
,
and
his
life
alwayes
in
danger
.
Robert
Brus
came
forth
at
length
out
of
the
Scottish
Islands
,
with
such
forces
as
he
had
gotten
together
,
taking
the
Castles
of
Carrick
,
Innerness
,
and
many
other
.
To
put
an
end
to
all
which
trouble
,
King
Edward
Daniel's
Chron.
in
Edw.
1
appointed
a
great
Host
to
attend
him
at
Carlisle
,
three
weeks
after
Midsummer-day
.
There
he
held
his
last
Parliament
,
wherein
the
State
got
many
Ordinances
to
pass
,
for
reformation
of
the
abuses
of
the
Pope's
Ministers
,
and
his
own
former
exactions
,
wringing
from
the
elect
Archbishop
of
York
,
in
one
year
,
nine
thousand
five
hundred
Marks
.
And
Anthony
,
Bishop
of
Durham
,
to
be
made
Patriarch
of
Jerusalem
,
gave
the
Pope
and
his
Cardinals
mighty
sums
.
The
Pope
required
the
Fruits
of
one
years
revenue
,
of
every
Benefice
that
should
fall
void
in
England
,
Wales
,
and
Ireland
,
and
the
like
of
Abbies
,
Priories
,
and
Monasteries
.
King
Edward
in
July
enters
Scotland
with
a
fresh
Army
,
and
dyes
at
Burgh
upon
Sands
,
having
reigned
thirty
four
years
,
seven
months
,
aged
sixty
eight
.
This
King
had
founded
the
Abbey
of
Val-royal
,
in
Cheshire
,
for
the
Cistercians
,
and
by
Will
bequeathed
thirty
two
thousand
pounds
to
the
Holy
Land
.
He
was
obedient
,
not
servile
to
the
See
of
Rome
.
Edward
the
Second
,
his
Son
,
called
of
Caernarvan
,
succeeded
in
the
Kingdom
,
in
July
1307.
He
soon
caused
Walter
de
Langton
,
Bishop
of
Chester
,
Treasurer
of
England
,
and
principal
Executor
of
the
last
Will
of
the
deceased
King
,
to
be
arrested
by
Sir
John
Felton
,
Constable
of
the
Tower
,
and
imprisoned
in
Wallingford-castle
,
seizing
upon
all
his
Temporalties
,
till
afterwards
,
by
means
of
the
Papal
authority
,
he
was
restored
,
and
they
were
seemingly
reconciled
.
The
Bishop's
crime
was
a
good
freedom
which
he
used
in
the
late
King's
dayes
,
in
gravely
reproving
this
Prince
for
his
misdemeanours
,
and
shortening
his
wast
of
coin
by
a
frugal
moderation
.
All
the
Bishop's
Goods
he
gave
to
Piers
Gaveston
,
makes
a
new
Treasurer
of
his
own
;
removes
most
of
his
Father's
Officers
,
and
all
without
the
advice
and
consent
of
his
Council
.
The
King
was
married
to
Isabel
,
Daughter
of
Philip
the
fair
,
King
of
France
,
which
was
performed
magnificently
at
Boleign
.
Piers
Gaveston
was
the
King's
great
Favourite
,
who
filled
the
Court
with
Buffoons
,
Parasites
,
Minstrels
,
Stage-players
,
and
all
kind
of
dissolute
persons
.
King
Edward
the
Second
,
by
Letters
to
the
Pope
,
requested
,
that
Robert
Winchelsey
might
be
restored
to
his
Archbishoprick
,
which
was
done
accordingly
;
though
he
returned
too
late
to
Crown
the
King
,
which
solemnity
was
performed
by
Henry
Woodlock
,
Bishop
of
Winchester
.
Shortly
after
his
Coronation
,
all
the
Knights
Templers
The
Order
of
the
Knights
Templars
abolished
throughout
Christendom
.
throughout
England
were
at
once
arrested
,
and
committed
to
prison
.
In
the
General
Council
of
Vienna
,
this
Order
was
utterly
abolished
through
Christendom
.
The
French
King
caused
fifty
four
,
of
that
Order
,
together
with
their
great
Master
,
to
be
burnt
at
Paris
:
And
the
Pope
and
Council
annexed
their
possessions
to
the
Order
of
the
Knights
Hospitallers
,
called
commonly
Knights
of
the
Rhodes
.
But
in
England
the
Heirs
of
the
Donors
,
and
such
as
had
endowed
the
Templars
here
with
Lands
,
entred
upon
those
parts
of
the
ancient
Patrimonies
,
after
the
dissolution
of
the
Order
,
and
detained
them
,
until
not
long
after
they
were
by
Parliament
wholly
transferred
unto
the
Knights
of
Saint
John
of
Jerusalem
.
Guy
,
Guy
,
Earl
of
Warwick
surpriseth
Piers
Gaveston
,
and
causeth
him
to
be
beheaded
.
Earl
of
Warwick
,
surprised
Gaveston
,
carried
him
to
his
Castle
of
Warwick
,
wherein
a
place
called
Blacklow
(
afterwards
Gaveshead
)
his
head
was
stricken
off
,
at
the
commandment
,
and
in
the
presence
of
the
Earls
of
Lancaster
,
Warwick
,
and
Hereford
.
A
great
Battel
was
fought
,
between
the
English
and
Scots
,
at
Bannocks-borough
.
There
perished
in
this
Battel
Gilbert
Clare
,
Earl
of
Glocester
,
Robert
Lord
Clifford
,
the
Lord
Tiptoft
,
the
Lord
Marshal
,
the
Lord
Giles
de
Argenton
,
the
Lord
Edmond
de
Maule
,
and
seven
hundred
Knights
,
Esquires
,
and
Gentlemen
of
Quality
;
of
common
Souldiers
ten
thousand
.
There
were
taken
prisoners
,
Humphry
Bohun
,
Earl
of
Hereford
,
Ralph
de
Monthelmere
(
who
married
Joan
de
Acres
,
Countess
Dowager
of
Oxford
)
with
many
others
.
The
Earl
of
Hereford
was
exchanged
for
King
Robert's
Wife
,
who
was
all
this
while
detained
in
England
.
This
disaster
was
attended
with
Inundations
,
which
brought
forth
Dearth
;
Dearth
Famine
;
Famine
Pestilence
,
all
which
exceeded
any
that
ever
before
had
been
known
.
Anno
1313.
died
Robert
Winchelsey
,
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
in
whose
room
Robert
Cobham
was
elected
by
the
King
and
Church
of
Canterbury
.
But
the
Pope
did
frustrate
that
election
,
and
placed
Walter
Reynold
,
Bishop
of
Worcester
.
About
this
time
died
Pope
Clement
,
and
John
XXII
.
succeeded
,
who
sent
two
Legats
from
Rome
,
under
pretence
to
make
agreement
between
the
King
of
England
and
the
Scots
.
They
,
for
their
charges
,
required
of
every
Spiritual
person
four
pence
in
every
Mark
,
but
all
in
vain
:
for
the
Legats
,
as
they
were
in
the
North
parts
,
about
Derlington
,
with
their
whole
Family
and
Train
,
were
robbed
and
spoiled
of
their
Horses
,
Treasure
,
Apparel
,
and
whatsoever
else
they
had
,
and
so
retired
back
again
to
Durham
:
thence
they
returned
to
London
,
where
they
first
excommunicated
all
those
Robbers
,
Then
for
supply
of
those
losses
they
received
,
they
exacted
of
the
Clergy
,
to
be
given
unto
them
eight
pence
in
every
Mark
.
But
the
Clergy
would
only
give
them
four
pence
in
every
Mark
:
So
they
departed
to
the
Pope's
Court
again
.
This
King
Edward
refused
to
pay
the
Peter-pence
.
In
the
time
of
this
King
the
Colledge
in
Cambridge
,
called
Michael-house
,
was
founded
by
Sir
Henry
Staunton
Knight
.
King
Edward
the
Second
builded
two
Houses
in
Oxford
for
good
Letters
,
Orial
Colledge
,
and
St.
Mary
Hall
.
England
may
dare
all
Christendom
besides
,
to
shew
so
many
eminent
School-Divines
,
bred
within
the
compass
of
so
few
years
.
And
a
forreign
Writer
saith
,
Scholastica
Theologia
,
ab
Anglis
,
&
in
Anglia
sumpsit
exordium
,
fecit
incrementum
,
pervenit
ad
perfectionem
.
Of
these
School-men
Alexander
Hales
leads
the
way
,
Master
to
Thomas
Aquinas
,
and
Bonaventure
.
He
was
in
the
time
of
Henry
the
Third
.
At
the
command
of
Pope
Innocent
the
Fourth
,
he
wrote
the
Body
of
all
School-Divinity
in
four
Volumes
.
Roger
Bacon
succeeded
him
,
who
lived
in
the
time
of
King
Edward
the
First
;
he
was
excellently
skilled
in
the
Mathematicks
.
The
next
was
Richard
Middleton
,
entitled
Doctor
Fundatissimus
.
Then
flourished
John
Duns
Scotus
,
in
the
time
of
Edward
the
Second
:
he
was
Fellow
of
Merton-colledge
in
Oxford
.
He
was
called
Duns
by
abbreviation
for
Dunensis
,
that
is
,
born
at
Doun
,
an
Episcopal
See
in
Ireland
.
In
this
King's
Reign
Walter
Stapleton
,
Bishop
of
Exeter
,
founded
and
endowed
Exeter-colledge
in
Oxford
It
is
charged
on
this
King
Edward
the
Second
,
that
he
suffered
the
Pope
to
encroach
on
the
Dignity
of
the
Crown
.
His
Father
had
recovered
some
of
his
Priviledges
from
the
Papal
usurpation
;
which
,
since
,
his
Son
had
lost
back
again
.
About
that
time
an
English
Hermite
preached
at
Paul's
in
London
,
That
some
Sacraments
that
were
then
in
use
in
the
Church
,
were
not
of
Christ's
Institution
;
therefore
he
was
committed
to
prison
.
King
Edward
went
into
Scotland
with
another
great
Army
:
King
Robert
thought
so
great
an
Army
could
not
long
continue
,
therefore
he
retired
into
the
High-lands
.
King
Edward
wandred
from
place
to
place
,
till
many
died
for
hunger
,
and
the
rest
returning
home
half
starved
.
James
Douglas
followed
the
English
,
and
slew
many
of
them
;
and
King
Edward
himself
hardly
escaped
.
Then
a
Peace
was
concluded
at
Northampton
,
Anno
1327.
That
the
Scots
should
abide
in
the
same
estate
,
as
in
the
dayes
of
King
Alexander
the
Third
;
the
English
should
render
all
subscriptions
and
tokens
of
bondage
,
and
have
no
Land
in
Scotland
,
unless
they
shall
dwell
in
it
.
In
England
the
two
Spencers
ruled
all
things
,
till
the
Queen
and
her
Son
(
who
politickly
had
got
leave
to
go
beyond
the
Seas
)
returned
into
England
,
with
a
Navy
and
Army
,
landing
in
Suffolk
:
She
denounced
open
war
against
her
Husband
,
unless
he
would
presently
conform
to
her
desires
.
The
young
Spencer
was
taken
with
the
King
at
the
Abby
of
Neath
,
and
is
hanged
on
a
Gallows
fifty
foot
high
.
Many
Persons
of
Quality
were
sent
down
to
the
Parliament
,
then
sitting
,
to
King
Edward
,
to
Kenelworth-castle
,
to
move
him
to
resign
the
Crown
,
which
at
last
he
sadly
surrendered
:
and
Prince
Edward
,
his
Son
,
is
crowned
King
.
The
late
King
is
removed
from
Kenelworth
unto
Barkley-castle
,
where
he
was
barbarously
butchered
,
being
struck
into
the
Postern
of
his
Body
with
an
hot
Spit
,
as
it
is
commonly
reported
.
Among
the
Clergy
,
besides
Walter
Stapleton
,
Bishop
of
Exeter
,
whose
head
the
Londoners
caused
to
be
smitten
off
at
the
Standart
in
Cheapside
;
only
John
Stratford
,
Bishop
of
Winchester
,
heartily
adhered
to
him
.
Robert
de
Baldock
,
though
no
Bishop
,
yet
as
a
Priest
,
and
Chancellor
of
England
,
may
be
ranked
with
these
,
who
attended
the
King
,
and
was
taken
with
him
in
Wales
,
Hence
he
was
brought
up
to
London
,
and
committed
to
Adam
Tarlton
,
Bishop
of
Hereford
.
Many
of
the
Bishops
ungratefully
sided
with
the
Queen
against
her
Husband
,
and
their
Sovereign
.
Walter
Reynolds
,
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
led
their
Van
,
preferred
to
that
See
at
the
King
's
great
Importunity
,
and
by
the
Pope's
power
of
Provision
.
Henry
Burwash
,
Bishop
of
Lincoln
,
lately
restored
to
the
favour
of
King
Edward
:
yet
no
sooner
did
the
Queen
appear
,
in
the
field
,
with
an
Army
against
him
,
but
this
Bishop
was
the
first
who
publickly
repaired
to
her
.
Adam
Tarlton
,
Bishop
of
Hereford
,
was
the
grand
contriver
of
all
mischief
against
the
King
.
Witness
the
Sermon
preached
by
him
at
Oxford
before
the
Queen
(
then
in
hostile
pursuit
against
her
Husband
)
taking
for
his
Text
the
words
of
the
Son
of
the
sick
Shunamite
)
my
Head
,
my
Head
.
Thence
he
urged
,
That
a
bad
King
(
the
distempered
Head
of
a
State
)
is
past
cure
.
His
writing
was
worse
than
his
preaching
:
for
when
such
Agents
,
set
to
keep
King
Edward
in
Berkley-castle
,
were
(
by
secret
order
from
Roger
Mortimer
)
commanded
to
kill
him
,
they
by
Letters
addressed
themselves
for
advice
to
this
Bishop
(
then
not
far
off
at
Hereford
)
craving
his
counsel
what
they
should
do
in
so
difficult
and
dangerous
a
matter
.
He
returned
unto
them
a
ridling
Answer
unpointed
,
which
carried
in
it
Life
and
Death
,
yea
Life
or
Death
,
as
variously
construed
.
Life
and
Death
.
To
kill
King
Edward
you
need
not
to
fear
it
is
good
.
Life
.
To
kill
King
Edward
you
need
not
,
to
fear
it
is
good
,
Death
.
To
kill
King
Edward
you
need
not
to
fear
,
it
is
good
.
The
Body
of
King
Edward
,
without
any
Funeral
Pomp
,
was
buried
among
the
Benedictines
in
their
Abbey
at
Glocester
.
Edward
of
Windsor
,
called
King
Edward
the
Third
.
being
scarce
fifteen
years
of
age
,
took
the
beginning
of
his
Reign
on
January
the
twentieth
;
his
Throne
was
established
upon
his
Fathers
ruine
.
Anno
1327.
Upon
Candlemas-day
he
received
the
Order
of
Knighthood
by
the
hands
of
the
Earl
of
Lancaster
,
while
his
deposed
Father
lived
;
and
within
five
dayes
after
he
was
Crowned
at
Westminster
,
by
Walter
,
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
.
Twelve
men
were
appointed
to
manage
the
Affairs
of
the
Kingdom
during
the
King's
minority
:
the
Archbishop's
of
Canterbury
and
York
:
the
Bishops
of
Winchester
,
Hereford
,
and
Worcester
;
Thomas
Brotherton
Earl
Marshal
,
Edmond
Earl
of
Kent
,
John
Earl
Warren
,
Thomas
Lord
Wake
,
Henry
Lord
Piercy
,
Oliver
Lord
Ingham
,
and
John
Lord
Ross
:
but
the
Queen
,
and
Roger
Lord
Mortimer
,
usurped
this
charge
.
Adam
Tarlton
was
accused
of
Treason
in
the
beginning
of
the
Reign
of
this
King
,
and
arraigned
by
the
King's
Officers
,
when
in
the
presence
of
the
King
he
thus
boldly
uttered
himself
.
My
Lord
the
King
,
with
all
due
respect
unto
your
Majesty
,
I
Adam
,
an
humble
Minister
,
and
Member
of
the
Church
of
God
,
and
a
consecrated
Bishop
,
though
unworthy
;
neither
can
,
nor
ought
to
answer
,
unto
so
hard
Questions
,
without
the
connivance
and
consent
of
my
Lord
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
my
immediate
Judge
under
the
Pope
,
and
without
the
consent
of
other
Bishops
who
are
my
Peers
.
Three
Archbishops
were
there
present
in
the
place
,
Canterbury
,
York
,
and
Dublin
,
by
whose
Intercession
Tarlton
escaped
at
that
time
.
Not
long
after
he
was
arraigned
again
at
the
King's
Bench
:
whereupon
the
foresaid
Archbishops
set
up
their
Crosses
,
and
with
ten
Bishops
more
,
attended
with
a
numerous
Train
of
well-weaponed
Servants
,
advanced
to
the
place
of
Judicature
.
The
King's
Officers
frighted
at
the
sight
,
fled
away
,
leaving
Bishop
Tarlton
the
prisoner
alone
at
the
Bar
:
whom
the
Archbishops
took
home
into
their
own
custody
,
denouncing
a
Curse
upon
all
such
who
should
presume
to
lay
violent
hands
upon
him
.
The
King
offended
hereat
,
caused
a
jury
of
Lay-men
to
be
impannelled
,
and
to
enquire
according
to
form
of
Law
,
into
the
Actions
of
the
Bishop
of
Hereford
.
This
was
the
first
time
that
ever
Lay-men
passed
their
verdict
upon
a
Clergy-man
.
These
Jurors
found
the
Bishop
guilty
,
whereupon
the
King
seized
his
Temporalties
,
proscribed
the
the
Bishop
,
and
despoiled
him
of
all
his
moveables
.
But
afterwards
he
was
reconciled
to
the
King
,
and
by
the
Pope
,
made
Bishop
of
Winchester
,
where
he
died
.
The
former
part
of
this
King's
Reign
affordeth
but
little
Church-history
,
as
wholly
taken
up
with
his
Atchievements
in
France
and
Scotland
,
where
his
success
by
Sea
and
Land
was
to
admiration
.
He
had
both
the
Kings
he
fought
against
,
viz.
John
de
Valois
of
France
,
and
David
King
of
Scotland
,
his
prisoners
,
at
one
time
,
taken
by
fair
Fight
in
open
Field
.
There
was
granted
to
the
King
of
England
,
for
these
Wars
,
a
Fifteenth
of
the
Temporalty
,
a
Twelfth
of
Cities
and
Boroughs
,
and
a
Tenth
of
the
Clergy
,
in
a
Parliament
holden
at
London
.
And
afterwards
in
a
Parliament
at
Northampton
,
there
was
granted
him
,
a
Tenth
peny
of
Towns
and
Boroughs
,
a
Fifteenth
of
others
,
and
a
Tenth
of
the
Clergy
.
All
such
Treasure
as
was
committed
to
Churches
throughout
England
for
the
holy
War
,
was
taken
out
for
the
King's
use
in
this
.
The
next
year
after
,
all
the
Goods
of
three
Orders
of
Monks
,
Lombards
,
Cluniacks
,
and
Cicestercians
,
are
likewise
seized
into
the
King's
hands
,
and
the
like
Subsidy
as
before
,
granted
at
Nottingham
.
Now
the
Cavrsines
,
or
Lombards
,
did
not
drive
so
full
a
trade
as
before
:
whereupon
they
betook
themselves
to
other
Merchandise
,
and
began
to
store
England
with
Forreign
Commodities
,
but
at
unreasonable
rates
,
whilst
England
it self
had
as
yet
but
little
and
bad
Shipping
,
and
those
less
employed
.
About
this
time
the
Clergy
were
very
bountiful
in
contributing
to
the
King's
necessities
,
in
proportion
to
their
Benefices
.
Hereupon
a
Survay
was
exactly
taken
of
all
their
Glebeland
,
Fuller
.
Church
History
.
and
the
same
(
fairly
engrossed
in
Parchment
)
was
returned
into
the
Exchequer
,
where
it
remaineth
at
this
day
,
and
is
the
most
useful
Record
for
Clergy-men
(
and
also
for
Impropriators
as
under
their
claim
)
to
recover
their
right
.
It
was
now
complained
of
,
as
a
grand
grievance
,
that
the
Clergy
engrossed
all
places
of
Judicature
in
the
Land
.
Nothing
was
left
to
Lay-men
,
but
either
Military
commands
,
as
General
,
Admiral
,
&c.
or
such
Judges
places
,
as
concerned
onely
the
very
letter
of
the
Common
Law
,
and
those
also
scarcely
reserved
to
the
Students
thereof
.
As
for
Ambassies
into
Forreign
parts
,
Noblemen
were
employed
therein
:
when
Expence
,
not
Experience
was
required
thereunto
,
and
Ceremony
the
substance
of
the
Service
:
otherwise
when
any
difficulty
in
Civil
Law
,
then
Clergy-men
were
ever
entertained
.
The
Lord
Chancellor
was
ever
a
Bishop
,
yea
,
that
Court
generally
appeared
as
a
Synod
of
Divines
,
where
the
Clerks
were
Clerks
as
generally
in
Orders
.
The
same
was
also
true
of
the
Lord
Treasurer
,
and
Barons
of
the
Exchequer
.
Robert
Eglesfield
,
Chaplain
to
Queen
Philippa
,
Wife
to
King
Edward
the
third
,
founded
a
Colledge
on
his
own
ground
in
Oxford
,
by
the
name
of
Queens
Colledge
;
and
diverse
Queens
have
been
nursing
Mothers
to
this
Foundation
,
as
Queen
Philippa
,
Wife
to
King
Edward
the
third
;
Queen
Elizabeth
,
Wife
to
King
Edward
the
fourth
;
Queen
Mary
,
Wife
to
King
Charles
;
and
our
Virgin
Queen
Elizabeth
.
In
the
mean
time
the
Pope
bestirred
him
in
England
,
while
the
King
was
busied
about
his
Wars
in
France
:
so
that
before
Livings
were
actually
void
,
he
pre-provided
Incumbents
for
them
.
But
at
last
the
King
looking
into
it
,
this
Statute
of
Provision
was
made
,
whereby
such
forestalling
of
Livings
to
Forreigners
was
forbidden
.
Another
cause
of
the
King's
displeasure
with
the
Pope
,
was
,
that
when
the
Pope
created
twelve
Cardinals
at
the
request
of
the
King
of
France
,
he
denied
to
make
one
at
the
desire
of
the
King
of
England
.
The
Papal
party
(
notwithstanding
this
Law
of
Provision
)
strugled
for
a
time
,
till
the
King's
Power
overswayed
them
.
Indeed
this
grievance
continued
,
all
this
,
and
most
of
the
next
King's
Reign
,
till
the
Statute
of
praemunire
was
made
:
and
afterward
the
Land
was
cleared
from
the
encumbrance
of
such
provisions
.
Three
years
after
the
Statute
,
against
the
Pope's
Provisions
,
was
made
,
the
King
presented
unto
the
Pope
Thomas
Hatlif
,
to
be
Bishop
of
Durham
,
one
who
was
the
King's
Secretary
,
but
one
void
of
all
other
Episcopal
qualifications
.
However
the
Pope
confirmed
him
,
and
being
demanded
why
he
consented
to
the
preferment
of
so
worthless
a
person
,
he
answered
,
that
rebus
sic
stantibus
,
if
the
King
of
England
had
presented
an
Ass
unto
him
,
he
would
have
confirmed
him
in
the
Bishoprick
.
In
this
King's
Reign
were
diverse
Learned
Men
in
England
,
John
Baconthorp
,
a
Man
of
a
very
low
stature
,
of
whom
one
saith
,
Baleus
in
ejus
vita
.
Ingenio
magnus
,
Corpore
parvus
erat
.
His
wit
was
Tall
,
in
Body
small
.
Coming
to
Rome
,
he
was
hissed
at
in
a
publick
Disputation
,
for
the
badness
,
forsooth
,
of
his
Latin
and
pronunciation
:
but
indeed
,
because
he
opposed
the
Pope's
power
in
dispensing
with
Marriages
contrary
to
the
Law
of
God
.
He
wrote
on
the
Sentences
,
where
he
followeth
the
truth
in
many
things
;
especially
he
refuteth
the
subtilties
of
John
Scotus
,
as
Baptist
Mantuan
hath
marked
.
Iste
tenebrosi
damnat
vestigia
Scoti
,
Et
per
sacra
novis
it
documenta
viis
.
Hunc
habeant
quibus
est
sapientia
grata
,
redundat
Istius
in
sacris
fontibus
omne
sophos
.
Joh.
Bale
.
Cent.
4.
Sect.
82.
He
wrote
De
dominio
Christi
,
where
he
proveth
,
that
the
highest
Bishop
in
every
Kingdom
should
be
in
subjection
to
Princes
.
Richard
Primate
of
Ireland
(
alias
Armachanus
)
was
his
Disciple
,
and
taught
the
same
Doctrine
:
he
Translated
the
Bible
into
Irish
.
He
discovered
the
hypocrisie
of
Friers
,
in
that
though
they
professed
poverty
,
yet
they
had
stately
Houses
like
the
Palaces
of
Princes
,
and
more
costly
Churches
than
any
Cathedral
;
richer
Ornaments
than
all
the
Princes
,
&c.
William
Ockham
an
English
Man
sided
with
Lewis
of
Bavaria
against
the
Pope
,
maintaining
the
Temporal
Power
above
the
Spiritual
.
He
was
forced
to
fly
to
the
Emperor
for
his
safety
.
He
was
a
Disciple
of
John
Scotus
,
but
became
Adversary
of
his
Doctrine
.
He
was
the
Author
of
the
Sect
of
Nominales
.
He
was
a
follower
of
Pope
Nicholas
the
fourth
,
and
therefore
was
Excommunicated
by
Pope
John
.
This
Ockham
was
Luther's
chief
School-man
,
who
had
his
Works
at
his
finger's
end
.
Robert
Holcot
was
not
the
meanest
among
them
,
who
died
of
the
Plague
at
Northampton
,
just
as
he
was
reading
his
Lectures
on
the
seventh
of
Ecclesiasticus
.
About
that
time
a
Book
was
written
in
English
,
called
,
The
complaint
and
prayer
of
a
Plough-man
.
The
Author
of
it
is
said
to
have
been
Robert
Langland
,
a
Priest
.
After
a
general
complaint
of
the
Iniquity
of
the
time
,
the
Author
wrote
zealously
against
Auricular
Confession
,
as
contrary
to
Scripture
,
and
profit
of
the
publick
,
and
as
a
device
of
man
:
against
the
Simony
of
selling
Pardons
:
against
the
Pope
as
the
Adversary
of
Christ
.
He
complaineth
of
the
unmarried
Priests
committing
wickedness
,
and
by
bad
example
provoking
others
;
of
Images
in
Churches
as
Idolatry
;
of
false
Pastors
,
which
feed
upon
their
flocks
,
and
feed
them
not
,
nor
suffer
others
to
feed
them
.
He
wrote
also
against
Purgatory
.
In
this
King's
Reign
were
diverse
Archbishops
of
Canterbury
.
I
will
begin
with
Simon
Mepham
,
made
Archbishop
in
the
first
year
of
his
Reign
.
John
Stratford
was
the
second
,
Consecrated
first
Bishop
of
Winchester
.
The
third
was
Thomas
Bradwardine
,
Fellow
of
Merton
Colledge
in
Oxford
,
and
afterwards
Chancellor
of
London
,
and
commonly
called
The
profound
Doctor
.
He
had
many
disputes
with
the
School-men
against
the
errors
of
Pelagius
,
and
reduced
all
his
Lectures
into
three
Books
,
which
he
entitled
,
De
causa
Dei
.
He
was
Confessor
to
King
Edward
the
third
.
He
died
a
few
Months
after
his
Consecration
.
Simon
Islip
was
the
fourth
,
he
founded
Canterbury
Colledge
in
Oxford
.
This
Colledge
is
now
swallowed
up
in
Christ-Church
.
Simon
Langham
is
the
fifth
,
much
meriting
by
his
Munificence
to
Westminster-Abbey
.
William
Witlesee
succeeded
him
,
famous
for
freeing
the
University
of
Oxford
from
the
Jurisdiction
of
the
Bishop
of
Lincoln
,
formerly
the
Diocesan
thereof
.
Simon
Sudbury
was
the
last
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
in
this
King's
Reign
.
In
his
Reign
also
flourished
Nicholas
Trivet
,
a
black
Frier
,
born
in
Norfolk
,
who
wrote
two
Histories
,
and
a
Book
of
Annals
.
Richard
Stradley
,
born
in
the
Marches
of
Wales
,
a
Monk
and
a
Divine
,
who
wrote
diverse
excellent
Treatises
of
the
Scriptures
.
William
Herbert
,
a
Welchman
,
who
wrote
many
good
Treatises
in
Divinity
.
Thomas
Wallis
,
Sir
Rich.
Baker's
Chron.
a
Dominican
Frier
,
and
a
writer
of
many
excellent
Books
.
Walter
Burley
,
a
Doctor
in
Divinity
,
who
wrote
many
choise
Treatises
in
Natural
and
Moral
Philosophy
.
Roger
,
a
Monk
of
Chester
,
and
an
Historiographer
.
John
Burgh
,
a
Monk
,
who
wrote
an
History
,
and
also
diverse
Homilies
.
Richard
Aungervil
,
Bishop
of
Durham
,
and
Lord
Chancellor
of
England
.
Richard
Chichester
,
a
Monk
of
Westminster
,
who
wrote
a
good
Chronicle
,
from
the
year
449.
to
the
year
1348.
Matthew
Westminster
,
who
wrote
the
Book
,
called
,
Flores
Historiarum
.
Henry
Knighton
,
who
wrote
an
History
,
entitled
,
De
gestis
Anglorum
.
John
Mandevil
,
Knight
,
Doctor
of
Physick
,
a
great
Traveller
;
and
Sir
Geoffry
Chaucer
,
the
Homer
of
our
Nation
.
About
the
fortieth
year
of
his
Reign
,
there
was
a
Priest
in
England
,
called
William
Wickham
,
who
was
great
with
King
Edward
,
so
that
all
things
were
done
by
him
,
who
was
made
Bishop
of
Winchester
.
Towards
the
latter
end
of
this
King's
Reign
arose
John
Wickliff
,
a
Learned
Divine
of
Oxford
,
who
did
great
service
to
the
Church
in
promoting
Reformation
,
and
in
opposing
Papal
power
,
for
he
wrote
sharply
against
the
Pope's
authority
,
the
Church
of
Rome
,
and
diverse
of
their
Religious
Orders
.
Certain
Divines
,
and
Masters
of
the
University
entertained
his
Doctrine
,
viz.
Robert
Rigges
,
Chancellor
of
the
University
,
together
with
the
two
Proctors
,
and
many
others
.
He
not
onely
Preached
this
Doctrine
in
Oxford
,
but
also
more
publickly
in
London
:
At
the
Court
before
the
King
himself
,
the
Prince
of
Wales
,
his
Son
,
John
Duke
of
Lancaster
,
the
Lord
Clifford
,
the
Lord
Latimer
,
and
others
:
likewise
the
Lord
Montacute
,
who
defaced
Images
throughout
all
his
Jurisdiction
;
and
John
Earl
of
Sarum
,
who
at
the
point
of
death
refused
the
Popish
Sacrament
,
with
diverse
others
of
the
chiefest
Nobility
,
the
Major
of
London
,
with
diverse
other
worthy
Citizens
,
who
many
times
disturbed
the
Bishop's
Officers
,
who
were
called
for
the
suppressing
of
Wickliff
.
This
Man
being
much
encouraged
by
the
Duke
of
Lancaster
,
and
Sir
Henry
Piercy
,
Marshall
,
went
from
Church
to
Church
Preaching
his
Opinions
,
and
spreading
his
Doctrine
;
whereupon
he
is
cited
to
answer
before
the
Archbishop
,
the
Bishop
of
London
,
and
others
,
in
St.
Paul's
London
.
At
the
day
appointed
,
the
Duke
of
Lancaster
,
and
the
Lord
Marshall
,
go
to
conduct
him
:
there
the
Archbishop
and
Bishop
declared
the
Judgement
of
the
Pope
concerning
Wickliff's
Doctrine
.
The
Archbishop
sent
Wickliff's
Condemnation
to
Robert
Rigges
,
Chancellor
of
the
University
of
Oxford
,
to
be
divulged
.
Rigges
appointed
them
to
Preach
that
day
,
whom
he
knew
to
be
the
most
zealous
followers
of
Wickliff
;
and
among
others
he
ordered
one
Philip
Rippinton
,
a
Canon
of
Leicester
,
to
Preach
on
Corpus-Christi
day
,
who
concluded
his
Sermon
with
these
words
:
For
speculative
Doctrine
(
saith
he
)
such
as
is
the
Sacrament
of
the
Altar
,
I
will
set
a
bar
on
my
lips
,
while
God
hath
otherwise
instructed
,
or
illuminated
the
hearts
of
the
Clergy
.
King
Edward
the
third
,
died
June
21.
Anno
1377.
in
the
sixty
fift
year
of
his
Age
,
when
he
had
Reigned
fifty
years
four
Months
,
and
odd
dayes
,
whose
Body
was
solemnly
buried
at
Westminster
.
Richard
the
second
,
born
at
Burdeaux
,
the
Son
of
Edward
,
called
,
The
black
Prince
,
being
but
eleven
years
old
,
succeeded
his
Grandfather
in
the
Kingdom
.
In
the
first
year
of
his
Reign
Pope
Gregory
sendeth
his
Bull
,
by
the
hands
of
one
Edmund
Stafford
,
directed
to
the
Chancellor
and
University
of
Oxford
,
rebuking
them
sharply
for
suffering
so
long
the
Doctrine
of
John
Wickliff
to
take
root
.
At
the
same
time
also
he
directed
Letters
to
Simon
Sudbury
,
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
and
to
William
Courtney
,
Bishop
of
London
,
with
the
Conclusions
of
John
Wickliff
therein
enclosed
;
commanding
them
to
cause
the
said
Wickliff
to
be
apprehended
,
and
cast
into
prison
,
and
that
the
King
and
the
Nobles
of
England
should
be
admonished
by
them
,
not
to
give
any
credit
to
the
said
John
Wickliff
,
or
to
his
Doctrine
,
in
any
wise
.
Wickliff
was
summoned
personally
to
appear
before
the
Archbishop
,
and
the
rest
of
the
Bishops
,
at
his
Chappel
at
Lambeth
.
He
came
accordingly
:
when
in
comes
a
Gentleman
and
Courtier
,
named
Lewis
Clifford
,
on
the
very
day
of
examination
,
commanding
them
not
to
proceed
to
any
definitive
sentence
against
the
said
Wickliff
.
Linwood's
provinc
.
lib.
5.
fol.
183.
The
Bishops
affrighted
,
proceeded
no
farther
:
onely
the
Archbishop
summoned
a
Synod
at
London
,
in
which
he
made
four
Constitutions
,
three
whereof
concerned
Confession
,
grown
now
much
into
disuse
by
Wickliff's
Doctrine
.
The
Popish
Bishops
and
Monks
obtained
of
King
Richard
,
that
Wickliff
should
be
banished
out
of
England
.
He
therefore
repairing
into
Bohemia
,
brought
a
great
Light
to
the
Doctrine
of
the
Waldenses
,
where
John
Husse
,
being
but
yet
a
young
man
,
Comen.
histor.
Sclavon
.
Eccles.
had
diverse
Conferences
with
him
about
diverse
divine
matters
.
But
at
length
he
was
recalled
home
again
from
Exile
;
and
the
year
before
he
died
,
he
wrote
a
Letter
to
John
Husse
,
Encouraging
him
to
be
strong
in
the
grace
that
was
given
to
him
,
to
fight
as
a
good
Souldier
of
Jesus
Christ
,
both
by
word
and
work
,
Doctrine
and
conversation
,
&c.
John
Husse
hereby
took
heart
very
daringly
,
in
the
University
Church
at
Prague
,
to
inveigh
against
the
overflowing
abominations
of
the
times
;
and
not
onely
at
Prague
,
but
throughout
the
whole
Kingdom
of
Bohemia
,
did
he
Preach
against
them
.
The
same
year
Jerome
of
Prague
returning
out
of
England
,
and
carrying
Wickliff's
Books
with
him
,
rooted
up
the
[
then
]
prevailing
error
with
the
like
boldness
in
the
Schools
,
as
John
Husse
did
in
the
Church
.
Wickliff
died
the
last
of
December
1387.
and
was
buried
in
his
Church
of
Lutterworth
in
Leicester-shire
.
In
the
second
year
of
the
Reign
of
King
Richard
the
second
,
a
Parliament
was
called
at
Westminster
,
where
the
Laity
moved
,
That
no
Officer
of
the
Holy
Church
should
take
pecuniary
sums
,
more
or
less
,
of
the
people
,
for
correction
of
sins
;
but
onely
enjoyn
them
Spiritual
penance
,
which
would
be
more
pleasing
to
God
,
and
profitable
to
the
Soul
of
the
offender
.
The
Clergy
stickled
hereat
,
for
by
this
craft
they
got
their
gain
.
Ex
Rotulis
in
Turri
Lond.
But
here
the
King
interposed
,
That
Prelates
should
proceed
herein
as
formerly
,
according
to
the
Lawes
of
the
Holy
Church
,
and
not
otherwise
.
Yea
,
diverse
things
passed
in
Parliament
in
favour
of
the
Clergy
.
As
,
That
all
Prelates
and
Clerks
shall
from
hence-forth
commence
their
Suits
against
Purveyors
and
Buyers
disturbing
them
(
though
not
by
way
of
crime
)
by
actions
of
Trespass
,
and
recover
treble
damages
.
Also
,
That
any
of
the
King's
Ministers
arresting
people
of
the
Holy
Church
,
in
doing
Divine
Service
,
shall
have
imprisonment
,
and
thereof
be
ransomed
at
the
King's
will
,
and
make
gree
to
the
parties
so
arrested
.
In
the
Parliament
held
at
Glocester
the
same
year
,
the
Commons
complained
that
many
Clergy-men
,
under
the
notion
of
Sylva
caedua
,
lop-wood
,
took
Tithes
even
of
Timber
it self
:
requesting
,
that
in
such
cases
,
Prohibition
might
be
granted
,
to
stop
the
proceedings
of
Court
Christian
.
But
this
took
no
effect
.
Then
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
inveighed
as
bitterly
,
of
the
Franchises
infringed
of
the
Abbey-Church
of
Westminster
;
wherein
Robert
de
Hanley
Esquire
,
with
a
Servant
of
that
Church
,
were
both
horribly
slain
therein
,
at
the
High
Altar
,
even
when
the
Priest
was
singing
high
Mass
,
and
pathetically
desired
reparation
for
the
same
.
Complaints
were
also
made
against
the
extortion
of
Bishops
Clerks
;
to
which
(
as
to
other
abuses
)
some
general
Reformation
was
promised
.
In
the
next
Parliament
called
at
Westminster
,
one
of
the
greatest
grievances
of
the
Land
was
redressed
,
namely
,
Forreigners
holding
of
Ecclesiastical
Benefices
;
for
many
Italians
had
the
best
livings
in
England
by
the
Pope
collated
on
them
:
yea
many
great
Cardinals
resident
at
Rome
,
were
possessed
of
the
best
Prebends
and
Parsonages
in
the
Land
,
who
generally
farmed
out
their
places
to
Proctors
their
own
Countrey-men
;
and
by
this
means
the
wealth
of
the
Land
leaked
out
into
Forreign
Countries
,
to
the
great
impoverishing
of
this
Land
.
Therefore
the
King
and
Parliament
now
enacted
,
That
no
Aliens
should
hereafter
hold
any
such
preferments
,
nor
any
send
over
unto
them
the
Revenues
of
such
Benefices
.
Sir
Rich.
Baker's
Chron.
in
Rich.
2.
Then
burst
forth
the
dangerous
rebellion
of
Wat
Tyler
,
and
Jack
Straw
,
with
thousands
of
their
wicked
company
,
who
burnt
the
Savoy
,
the
Duke
of
Lancaster's
house
:
from
the
Savoy
they
went
to
the
Temple
,
where
they
burnt
the
Lawyers
lodgings
,
with
their
Books
and
Writings
:
also
the
house
of
St.
Johns
,
by
Smithfield
,
they
set
on
fire
,
which
burned
for
seven
days
together
.
Then
came
they
to
the
Tower
,
where
the
King
was
lodged
,
where
they
entred
,
and
finding
there
Simon
Sudbury
,
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
and
Lord
Chancellor
,
and
Sir
Robert
Hales
Lord
Treasurer
,
they
led
them
to
the
Tower-hill
,
and
there
in
most
cruel
manner
struck
off
their
Heads
,
as
also
of
diverse
others
.
Neither
spared
they
Sacred
places
,
for
,
breaking
into
the
Church
of
the
Augustine
Friars
,
they
drew
forth
thirteen
Flemmings
,
and
beheaded
them
in
the
open
Streets
,
as
also
seventeen
others
out
of
other
Churches
.
They
committed
outrages
afterwards
at
St.
Albans
,
cancelling
the
antient
Charters
of
the
Abbots
and
Monks
there
.
At
the
same
time
there
were
gathered
together
in
Suffolck
to
the
number
of
fifty
thousand
,
by
the
instigation
of
one
John
Wraw
,
a
lewd
Priest
.
These
destroyed
the
Houses
of
the
Lawyers
;
they
beheaded
Sir
John
Cavendish
the
Lord
Chief
Justice
of
England
,
and
set
his
Head
upon
the
Pillory
in
St.
Edmunds-bury
.
Then
Henry
Spencer
,
the
valiant
●ishop
of
Norwich
,
gathered
together
a
great
number
of
Men
Armed
,
with
which
he
set
upon
the
Rebels
,
discomfited
them
,
and
took
John
Littester
,
and
their
other
Chieftaines
,
whom
he
caused
all
to
be
Executed
:
and
by
this
means
the
Countrey
was
quieted
,
Jack
Straw
,
John
Kirkby
,
Alane
Tredder
,
and
John
Sterling
,
lost
their
Heads
;
Wat
Tyler
was
slain
by
William
Walworth
Lord
Mayor
of
London
.
These
had
to
their
Chaplain
a
wicked
Priest
,
called
John
Ball
,
Stowes
Chro.
in
Rich.
2.
who
counselled
them
to
destroy
all
the
Nobility
and
Clergy
,
so
that
there
should
be
no
Bishop
in
England
,
but
one
Archbishop
,
which
should
be
himself
:
and
that
there
should
nor
be
above
two
Religious
persons
in
one
house
;
and
their
possessions
should
be
divided
among
the
Lay-men
,
for
the
which
Doctrine
they
held
him
as
a
Prophet
.
But
he
was
executed
at
St.
Albans
.
William
Wickham
about
this
time
finished
his
beautiful
Colledge
in
Oxford
,
called
new
Colledge
,
which
giveth
the
Armes
of
Wickham
,
viz.
two
Cheverons
betwixt
three
Roses
,
each
Cheveron
alluding
to
two
beams
fastned
together
(
called
couples
in
building
)
to
speak
his
skill
in
Architecture
.
There
is
maintained
therein
,
a
Warden
,
seventy
Fellows
,
and
Scholars
,
ten
Chaplains
,
three
Clerks
,
one
Organist
,
sixteen
Choristers
,
besides
Officers
and
Servants
of
the
Foundation
,
with
other
Students
,
being
in
all
one
hundred
thirty
five
.
Within
few
years
after
the
same
Bishop
finished
the
Colledge
at
Winchester
,
wherein
he
established
one
Warden
,
ten
Fellows
,
two
Schoolmasters
,
and
seventy
Scholars
,
with
Officers
and
Servants
,
which
are
all
maintained
at
his
charge
:
out
of
which
School
he
ordained
should
be
chosen
the
best
Scholars
always
to
supply
the
vacant
places
of
the
Fellows
of
this
Colledge
.
Anno
1391.
There
was
a
Synod
in
England
,
which
(
because
many
were
vexed
for
causes
which
could
not
be
known
,
at
Rome
)
ordained
,
That
the
authority
of
the
Pope
of
Rome
should
stretch
no
farther
than
to
the
Ocean
Sea
;
and
that
who
so
Appealed
to
Rome
,
besides
Excommunication
,
should
be
punished
with
loss
of
all
their
goods
,
and
with
perpetual
imprisonment
.
Then
came
the
Parliament
wherein
was
Enacted
the
Statute
,
called
the
Statute
of
Praemunire
,
The
Statute
of
Praemunire
.
which
gave
such
a
blow
to
the
Church
of
Rome
,
that
it
never
recovered
it self
in
this
Land
.
The
Statute
of
Mortmain
put
the
Pope
into
a
sweat
,
but
this
put
him
into
a
Fever
.
That
concerned
him
onely
in
the
Abbies
,
his
darlings
;
this
touched
him
in
his
person
.
About
this
time
died
that
faithful
,
Learned
,
and
aged
Servant
of
God
,
John
de
Trevisa
born
at
Crocadon
in
Cornwal
,
a
Secular
Priest
,
and
Vicar
of
Berkley
,
painful
in
Translating
the
Old
and
New
Testament
into
English
,
with
other
great
Books
.
The
History
of
William
Swinderby
Priest
in
the
Diocess
of
Lincoln
,
whereunto
he
was
forced
by
the
Friars
:
the
Process
of
John
Tresnant
,
Bishop
of
Hereford
(
into
whose
Diocess
he
removed
)
had
against
him
,
in
the
cause
of
Heretical
pravity
,
as
the
Papists
call
it
:
the
Articles
that
were
exhibited
against
him
,
with
his
protestation
and
answer
to
the
same
.
The
Process
against
William
Swinderby
,
with
his
answer
and
declaration
to
certain
Conclusions
:
the
Bishop's
sentence
against
him
,
and
his
Appeal
from
the
Bishop
to
the
King
with
the
causes
thereof
,
together
with
Swinderby's
letter
to
the
Parliament
,
may
be
read
at
large
in
Mr.
Fox
his
Acts
and
Monuments
of
the
Church
.
Then
were
there
Articles
exhibited
against
Walter
Brute
,
of
the
Diocess
of
Hereford
,
a
Lay-man
and
Learned
,
touching
the
cause
of
Heresie
,
as
they
called
it
,
unto
the
Bishop
of
Hereford
;
his
examination
and
answer
is
also
largely
described
by
Mr.
Fox
.
Fox
.
in
Ric.
2.
Then
were
there
two
Bulls
sent
out
by
Pope
Boniface
the
ninth
,
one
against
the
Lollards
;
another
to
King
Richard
the
second
.
Queen
Anne
Wife
,
to
King
Richard
,
at
the
same
time
had
the
Gospels
in
English
,
with
four
Doctors
upon
the
same
.
King
Richard
wrote
a
notable
Letter
to
the
Pope
,
wherein
he
sheweth
,
That
the
election
of
the
Pope
was
not
as
before
,
comparing
the
Popes
to
the
Souldiers
that
crucified
Christ
.
That
Secular
Princes
are
to
bridle
the
outrages
of
the
Pope
;
and
seemeth
to
Prophecy
of
the
desolation
of
the
Roman
Pope
.
King
Richard
was
not
long
after
deposed
,
and
barbarously
murdered
at
Pomfret-castle
.
In
the
time
of
the
conspiracy
against
King
Richard
,
among
all
the
Bishops
,
onely
Thomas
Merks
Bishop
of
Carlisle
was
for
him
.
For
,
when
the
Lords
in
Parliament
,
nor
co●●●nt
to
depose
King
Richard
,
were
devising
more
mischief
against
him
,
up
steps
the
foresaid
Bishop
,
and
thus
expresseth
himself
.
There
is
no
man
here
worthy
to
pass
his
sentence
on
so
great
a
King
,
as
to
whom
they
have
obeyed
as
their
lawful
Prince
,
full
two
and
twenty
years
.
This
is
the
part
of
Traitors
,
Cut-throats
,
and
Thieves
:
None
is
so
wicked
;
none
so
vile
,
who
though
he
be
charged
with
a
manifest
crime
,
we
should
think
to
condemn
before
we
heard
him
.
And
you
,
do
ye
think
it
equal
to
pass
sentence
on
a
King
anointed
and
Crowned
,
giving
him
no
leave
to
defend
himself
?
How
unjust
is
this
?
But
let
us
consider
the
matter
it self
.
I
say
,
nay
openly
affirm
,
that
Henry
Duke
of
Lancaster
(
whom
you
are
pleased
to
call
your
King
)
hath
most
unjustly
spoiled
Richard
(
as
well
his
Sovereign
as
ours
)
of
his
Kingdom
.
More
would
he
have
spoken
,
but
the
Lord
Marshal
enjoyned
him
silence
:
and
the
other
Bishops
said
,
he
discovered
(
having
been
a
Monk
)
more
Covent-devotion
,
than
Court-discretion
,
in
dissenting
from
his
Brethren
:
yet
at
that
time
no
punishment
was
imposed
upon
him
.
But
the
next
year
1400.
when
some
discontented
Lord
's
arose
against
King
Henry
the
fourth
,
this
Bishop
was
taken
prisoner
,
and
judicially
arraigned
for
high
Treason
,
for
which
he
was
condemned
,
and
sent
to
St.
Albans
The
Pope
gave
unto
him
another
Bishoprick
in
Samos
,
a
Greek
Island
.
But
before
his
translation
he
died
.
CENT
.
XV.
KIng
Henry
Trassel
in
vit.
Henrici
.
IV.
the
fourth
,
held
a
Parliament
at
Westminster
,
during
which
Thomas
Arundel
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
had
convocated
a
Synod
,
which
was
held
in
St.
Paul
s
Church
,
to
whom
the
King
sent
the
Earls
of
Northumberland
,
and
Westmorland
,
who
declared
to
the
Clergy
,
That
they
were
from
the
King
to
acquaint
them
,
that
the
King
resolved
to
confirm
all
their
Priviledges
unto
them
,
and
to
joyn
with
them
as
they
should
desire
him
,
in
the
punishment
of
all
Hereticks
,
and
opposites
to
their
Religion
received
:
for
which
so
doing
he
craved
but
their
supplications
to
God
for
him
and
his
posterity
,
and
prosperity
of
the
Kingdom
,
which
was
by
all
there
present
religiously
promised
.
In
the
second
year
of
his
Reign
,
King
Henry
ordained
,
That
if
any
person
should
obtain
from
the
Bishop
of
Rome
,
any
provision
,
to
be
exempt
from
obedience
Regular
or
Ordinary
;
or
to
have
any
Office
perpetual
in
any
House
of
Religion
,
he
should
incur
the
pains
of
Praemunire
.
He
also
gave
authority
unto
Bishops
and
their
Ordinaries
,
to
imprison
and
fine
all
Subjects
who
refuse
the
Oath
ex
Officio
.
The
Statute
made
,
pro
Haeretico
comburendo
.
In
the
same
Parliament
it
was
ordained
,
That
all
Lollards
[
that
is
,
those
who
professed
the
doctrine
which
Wickliff
had
taught
]
should
be
apprehended
;
and
if
they
should
remain
obstinate
,
they
should
be
delivered
to
the
Bishop
of
the
Diocess
,
and
by
him
unto
the
secular
Magistrate
to
be
burnt
.
This
Act
was
the
first
in
this
Island
for
burning
in
case
of
Religion
,
and
began
to
be
put
in
execution
,
Anno
1401.
The
first
on
whom
his
cruel
Law
was
hanselled
,
was
William
Sautre
,
formerly
Parish-priest
of
St.
Margaret
in
the
Town
of
Lyn
,
but
since
of
St.
Osith
in
the
City
of
London
.
It
seemeth
,
he
had
formerly
abjured
those
Articles
(
for
which
he
suffered
death
)
before
the
Bishop
of
Norwich
.
Therefore
he
was
first
adjudged
to
be
degraded
and
deposed
,
which
was
in
order
,
as
followeth
.
From
the
Order
of
-
1.
Priest
,
-
2.
Deacon
,
-
3.
Subdeacon
,
-
4.
Acolyte
,
-
5.
Exorcist
,
-
6.
Reader
,
-
7.
Sexton
,
by
taking
from
him
,
-
1.
The
Patin
,
Chalice
,
and
plucking
the
Chasule
from
his
Back
.
-
2.
The
New
Testament
and
the
Stole
.
-
3.
The
Alb
and
the
Maniple
.
-
4.
The
Candlestick
,
Taper
,
Vrceolum
.
-
5.
The
Book
of
Constitutions
.
-
6.
The
Book
of
Church-Legends
.
-
7.
The
Key
of
the
Church-door
and
Surplice
.
How
many
steps
are
required
to
climb
up
to
the
top
of
Popish
Priesthood
!
how
many
trinkets
must
be
had
to
compleat
a
Priest
?
and
here
we
behold
them
solemnly
taken
asunder
in
Sautres
degradation
.
And
now
he
no
longer
Priest
,
but
plain
Lay-man
,
with
the
Tonsure
on
his
crown
rased
away
,
was
delivered
to
the
Secular
Power
,
with
this
complement
worth
the
noting
.
Beseeching
the
Secular
Court
,
that
they
would
receive
favourably
the
said
William
unto
them
thus
recommitted
.
But
see
their
hypocrisie
;
The
Popish
Bishops
at
the
same
time
(
for
all
their
fair
language
)
called
upon
the
King
to
bring
him
to
speedy
execution
.
Hereupon
the
King
in
Parliament
issued
out
his
Warrant
to
the
Mayor
and
Sheriff
of
London
,
that
the
said
William
,
being
in
their
custody
,
should
be
brought
forth
into
some
publick
place
within
the
liberty
of
the
City
,
and
there
really
to
be
burnt
to
the
great
horrour
of
his
offence
,
and
manifest
example
of
other
Christians
;
which
was
done
accordingly
.
After
this
,
Richard
Scroop
,
Archbishop
of
York
,
with
the
Lord
Moubray
,
Marshall
of
England
,
gathered
together
a
great
company
against
King
Henry
,
in
the
North
Countrey
,
to
whom
was
adjoyned
the
ayd
of
the
Lord
Bardolf
,
and
Henry
Piercy
,
Earl
of
Northumberland
.
They
drew
up
ten
Articles
against
the
said
King
,
and
fastened
them
upon
the
doors
of
Churches
and
Monasteries
,
to
be
read
of
all
men
in
English
.
The
Earl
of
Northumberland
,
and
the
Lord
Bardolf
were
slain
in
the
field
,
fighting
against
the
Kings
part
,
Anno
1408.
But
the
Archbishop
of
York
,
and
the
Lord
Moubray
were
taken
and
beheaded
.
Anno
1409.
Thomas
Badby
,
a
Tailor
,
was
by
Thomas
Arundel
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
condemned
for
the
Testimony
of
the
truth
.
He
was
brought
into
Smithfield
,
and
there
being
put
into
an
empty
barrel
,
was
bound
with
Iron
bars
fast
to
a
stake
,
and
dry
wood
put
to
him
,
and
so
burned
.
Some
Professors
of
the
Gospel
at
that
time
did
shrink
back
,
as
John
Purvey
,
who
wrote
many
Books
in
defence
of
Wickliff's
Doctrine
,
and
among
others
a
Commentary
upon
the
Apocalypse
,
wherein
he
declareth
the
Pope
of
Rome
to
be
that
great
Antichrist
.
He
recanted
at
Paul's
Cross
.
John
Edwards
Priest
revoked
at
the
Green-yard
at
Norwich
.
Richard
Herbert
,
and
Emmot
Willy
of
London
,
and
John
Beck
also
at
London
.
John
Seynons
of
Lincoln-shire
revoked
at
Canterbury
.
Then
was
William
Thorp
examined
before
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
who
rehearsed
his
belief
before
the
Archbishop
;
afterwards
he
was
committed
to
close
Prison
,
where
he
was
so
straitly
kept
,
that
either
he
was
secretly
made
away
,
or
else
there
he
died
by
sickness
.
John
Ashton
also
,
another
follower
of
Wickliff
,
who
,
for
the
same
Doctrine
of
the
Sacrament
held
by
Thorp
,
was
committed
to
close
Prison
,
after
he
was
condemned
,
where
he
continued
till
his
death
.
Philip
Rippington
was
made
Bishop
of
Lincoln
,
who
of
a
Professor
,
became
a
cruel
Persecutor
of
the
Gospel
.
Synods
of
the
Clergy
were
very
frequent
in
this
King's
Reign
;
but
most
of
these
were
but
Ecclesiastical
meetings
for
secular
Money
.
Sir
John
Tiptoff
(
made
afterwards
Earl
of
Worcester
)
put
up
a
Petition
to
the
Parliament
touching
Lollards
,
which
so
wrought
on
the
Lords
,
that
they
joyned
in
a
Petition
to
the
King
,
that
they
and
every
of
them
be
taken
,
and
put
in
Prison
,
without
being
delivered
in
Bail
,
or
otherwise
,
except
by
good
and
sufficient
mainprise
,
to
be
taken
before
the
Chancellor
of
England
,
&c.
The
Popish
Clergy
had
gained
Prince
Henry
(
set
as
a
Transcendent
by
himself
in
the
Petition
)
to
their
Side
,
entring
his
youth
against
the
poor
Wickliffists
:
and
this
earnest
engaged
him
to
the
greater
Antipathy
against
them
,
when
possessed
of
the
Crown
.
A
Petition
was
put
up
in
the
Parliament
,
That
the
King
might
enjoy
half
of
the
profits
of
any
Parson's
Benefice
,
not
resident
thereon
:
whereunto
the
King
answered
,
That
Ordinaries
should
do
their
duties
therein
,
or
else
he
would
provide
further
remedy
,
or
stay
their
pluralities
.
The
ninth
year
of
the
King's
Reign
,
the
Commons
desired
of
the
King
,
That
none
presented
be
received
by
any
Ordinary
,
to
have
any
Benefice
,
of
any
Incumbent
,
for
any
cause
of
privation
,
or
inhabitation
,
whereof
the
Process
is
not
founded
upon
Citation
made
within
the
Realm
:
and
also
that
such
Incumbents
may
remain
in
all
their
Benefices
,
untill
it
be
proved
by
due
Inquest
in
the
Court
of
the
King
,
that
the
Citations
whereupon
such
privations
,
and
inhabitations
are
granted
,
were
made
within
the
Realm
:
and
if
such
Ordinaries
do
,
or
have
presented
,
or
others
do
present
to
the
contrary
,
that
then
they
and
their
Procurators
,
&c.
incur
the
pain
contained
in
the
Statute
made
against
Provisoe's
,
Anno
13.
Ric.
2.
Also
that
no
Pope's
Collector
should
from
thence-forth
levy
any
Money
within
the
Realm
,
for
first
Fruits
of
any
Ecclesiastical
dignity
,
under
pain
of
incurring
the
Statute
of
Provisoe's
.
The
Commons
in
the
same
Parliament
put
up
a
Bill
to
the
King
to
take
the
Temporalties
out
of
the
Hands
of
the
Spiritualty
,
which
amounted
to
three
hundred
and
two
and
twenty
thousand
Marks
by
the
year
.
Then
came
the
Cardinal
of
Burges
into
England
,
being
sent
from
the
Colledge
of
Cardinals
,
to
inform
the
King
and
Clergy
of
the
unconstant
dealing
of
Pope
Gregory
.
Anno
1409.
〈◊〉
Chro.
〈◊〉
4.
After
the
Feast
of
the
Epiphany
,
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
Convocated
an
Assembly
of
the
Clergy
at
London
,
to
chuse
meet
persons
to
go
to
the
General
Council
holden
at
Pisa
:
whereunto
were
chosen
Robert
Holam
,
Bishop
of
Salisbury
;
Henry
Chisely
,
Bishop
of
St.
Davids
,
and
Thomas
Chillindon
,
Prior
of
Christ-Church
in
Canterbury
:
and
the
King
had
sent
before
,
Sir
John
Colvil
Knight
,
and
Nicholas
Rixton
Clerk
,
with
letters
to
be
given
to
them
.
A
letter
also
was
sent
unto
the
Pope
,
wherein
the
King
chargeth
him
with
Perjury
.
At
Pisa
there
assembled
a
great
number
of
Cardinals
,
Archbishops
,
Bishops
,
and
Mitred
Prelates
,
who
elected
a
new
Pope
,
viz.
Alexander
the
fifth
(
a
man
trained
up
at
Oxford
)
rejecti●●
the
two
〈◊〉
Schismatical
Popes
,
Gregory
and
Benedict
.
Thomas
Arundel
,
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
came
with
a
Pompous
train
to
Oxford
.
His
intent
was
Juridically
to
visit
the
University
,
expecting
to
be
solemnly
met
,
and
sumptuously
entertained
according
to
his
place
and
dignity
.
But
Richard
Courtney
,
the
Chancellor
of
Oxford
,
with
Benedict
Brent
,
and
John
Birch
,
the
two
Proctors
,
denied
the
Archbishop
entrance
into
the
University
under
the
notion
of
a
Visitor
.
The
Archbishop
angry
at
the
affront
,
fairly
retreated
,
re
infecta
to
London
.
King
Henry
at
the
joynt
instances
of
both
parties
,
summoned
them
to
Lamb●th
,
to
hear
and
determine
the
Controversie
:
where
the
King
pronounced
sentence
on
the
Archbishop's
side
.
Afterward
the
King
confirmed
the
same
,
with
the
consent
of
the
Lords
and
Commons
in
Parliament
;
as
in
the
Tower-Rolls
doth
plainly
appear
.
The
King
though
courteous
,
was
not
servile
to
the
Pope
,
and
the
Clergy
terrified
with
the
wavering
doubtfulness
of
the
King
,
granted
him
a
tenth
every
year
for
diverse
years
.
Fuller
.
Church
Hist.
of
Brit.
King
Henry
the
fourth
,
is
not
observed
(
as
all
English
Kings
before
and
after
him
)
to
have
erected
and
endowed
any
one
entire
house
of
Religion
,
as
first
or
sole-founder
thereof
,
though
a
great
Benefactor
to
the
Abby
of
Leicester
,
and
Colledge
of
Fothringhay
in
Northamptonshire
.
His
picture
is
not
so
well
known
by
his
Head
,
as
his
Hood
,
which
he
weareth
upon
it
in
an
odd
fashion
peculiar
to
himself
.
He
died
Anno
1413.
Henry
the
fifth
,
his
Son
,
succeeded
in
the
Kingdom
.
An
universal
Synod
of
all
the
Bishops
and
Clergy
was
called
at
London
,
where
,
among
other
weighty
matters
,
it
was
determined
,
That
the
day
of
St.
George
,
and
also
of
St.
Dunstan
,
should
be
a
double
Feast
in
holy
Church
.
At
the
Petition
of
the
Commons
in
Parliament
,
to
the
King
,
Rotul
.
in
Turri
Lond.
all
Irish
begging
Priests
,
called
Chamberdakyns
,
were
ordered
to
depart
the
Realm
by
Michaelmas
following
,
upon
pain
of
loss
of
goods
,
and
imprisonment
during
the
King's
pleasure
.
In
the
beginning
of
this
King's
Reign
arose
Sir
John
Oldcastle
,
Camd.
Brit.
in
Kent
.
who
Married
Joan
de
la
Pole
,
Baroness
of
Cobham
,
the
Lord
whereof
he
became
:
a
Man
(
saith
one
)
Regi
propter
probitatem
,
charus
&
acceptus
,
in
great
favour
with
King
Henry
the
fifth
,
for
his
honesty
,
and
likewise
renouned
for
his
valour
,
and
great
skill
i●●●a●s
of
Armes
:
who
sent
into
the
Diocesses
of
London
,
Roches●●
and
Hereford
,
some
to
publish
the
truth
of
the
Gospel
,
without
the
leave
and
License
of
the
Ordinaries
,
who
were
especially
in
their
Sermons
to
confute
the
Doctrine
of
Transubs●an●iation
,
the
Popish
●●crament
of
Penance
,
Peregrinations
,
worshipping
of
Images
;
the
Keys
usurped
by
the
Church
of
Rome
.
At
that
time
there
resorted
to
the
Synod
in
London
,
twelve
Inquisitors
for
Heresie
,
whom
they
appointed
at
Oxford
the
year
before
,
to
search
out
for
Hereticks
,
withall
Wickliff's
Books
;
who
brought
two
hundred
forty
six
Conclusions
,
which
they
had
collected
as
Heresies
out
of
the
said
Books
.
The
Names
of
the
Inquisitors
,
were
these
;
John
Witnam
,
a
Master
in
New
Colledge
.
John
Langdon
,
Monk
of
Christ-church
in
Canterbury
.
William
Vfford
,
Regent
of
the
Carmalites
;
Thomas
Clayton
,
Regent
of
the
Dominicks
;
Robert
Gilbert
,
Richard
Enthisdale
,
John
Luck
,
Richard
Sindisham
,
Richard
Fleming
,
Thomas
Rotborn
,
Robert
Rouberry
,
Richard
Grafdale
;
who
all
concluded
,
that
the
chief
favourers
of
Wickliff's
Doctrine
,
were
to
be
first
dealt
against
.
The
Lord
Cobham
was
complained
of
by
the
General
Proctors
,
to
be
the
chief
,
principal
abettor
of
suspected
Preachers
,
contrary
to
the
mind
of
the
Ordinaries
,
and
to
have
assisted
them
by
force
of
Armes
.
The
King
sent
for
the
Lord
Cobham
,
and
when
he
was
come
,
he
admonished
him
secretly
to
submit
himself
to
his
Mother
the
holy
Church
:
Unto
whom
he
made
this
Answer
.
You
most
Worthy
Prince
(
saith
he
)
I
am
always
ready
to
obey
,
forasmuch
as
I
know
you
a
Christian
Prince
,
and
the
Minister
of
God
,
bearing
the
Sword
to
the
punishment
of
evil
doers
,
and
safeguard
of
them
that
do
well
:
Vnto
you
(
next
unto
my
eternal
God
)
owe
I
most
reverence
,
and
submit
thereunto
(
as
I
have
done
ever
)
all
that
I
have
either
of
Nature
or
Fortune
,
ready
at
all
times
to
fulfill
whatsoever
You
in
the
Lord
command
me
.
But
as
touching
the
Pope
,
and
his
Spiritualty
,
I
owe
them
neither
Suit
nor
Service
,
forasmuch
as
I
know
him
by
the
Scriptures
to
be
the
Great
Antichrist
,
the
Son
of
Perdition
,
the
open
Adversary
of
God
.
The
King
having
heard
this
,
would
talk
no
longer
with
him
,
but
utterly
left
him
:
And
the
Archbishop
resorting
to
the
King
,
he
gave
him
authority
to
Cite
him
,
Examine
,
and
Punish
him
according
to
their
Decrees
.
The
Archbishop
Cited
him
to
appear
before
him
at
the
Castle
of
Leeds
in
Kent
,
and
because
he
appeared
not
,
he
Excommunicated
him
.
Then
the
Lord
Cobham
wrote
a
draught
of
the
Confession
of
his
Faith
,
and
Sealed
it
with
his
own
Hand
,
in
which
he
answered
the
four
chiefest
Articles
that
the
Archbishop
laid
against
him
;
and
that
done
,
he
took
the
Copy
with
him
,
and
went
therewith
to
the
King
,
who
would
not
receive
it
,
but
commanded
it
to
be
delivered
to
those
who
should
be
his
Judges
.
Then
he
desired
in
the
King's
presence
,
that
an
hundred
Knights
and
Esquires
might
be
suffered
to
come
,
as
upon
his
Purgation
,
which
he
knew
would
clear
him
of
all
Heresies
.
Moreover
,
he
offered
himself
,
after
the
Law
of
Armes
,
to
fight
for
Life
,
or
Death
,
with
any
man
living
,
Christian
,
or
Heathen
,
in
the
quarrel
of
his
Faith
,
the
King's
Majesty
and
the
Lords
of
his
Council
excepted
:
and
furthermore
protested
,
That
he
would
obey
all
manner
of
Laws
agreeable
to
the
Word
of
God
:
yet
for
all
this
,
the
King
suffered
him
to
be
summoned
personally
in
his
own
Privy-chamber
.
He
appeared
before
the
Archbishop
sitting
in
the
Chapter-house
of
Pauls
,
Joh.
Caepgrave
.
lib.
2.
de
nobi
.
lib.
Henricis
.
with
Richard
Clifford
,
Bishop
of
London
,
Henry
Bullinbrook
,
Bishop
of
Winchester
.
He
professed
,
That
the
Pope
was
true
Antichrist
,
That
he
is
his
Head
,
and
that
the
Popish
Bishops
were
his
Members
;
the
Friars
his
Tayl.
And
as
touching
the
other
Points
(
saith
he
)
they
are
Ordinances
of
the
Church
of
Rome
,
made
against
the
Scriptures
,
after
it
grew
rich
,
and
the
poison
had
dispersed
it self
therein
,
and
not
before
.
Another
Annalist
saith
,
That
he
had
openly
said
in
Parliament
,
that
it
would
never
be
well
in
England
,
till
the
Pope's
power
were
banished
beyond
the
Seas
.
The
Archbishop
read
a
Bill
of
Condemnation
against
him
,
after
which
Bill
read
,
the
Lord
Cobham
said
with
a
cheerful
countenance
,
Though
you
judge
my
Body
,
which
is
but
a
wretched
thing
,
yet
I
am
sure
ye
can
do
no
harm
to
my
Soul
,
no
more
than
Satan
could
do
to
the
Soul
of
Job
.
And
as
concerning
these
Articles
,
I
will
stand
to
them
to
the
very
death
by
the
grace
of
my
eternal
God
.
And
after
a
short
instruction
to
the
people
,
he
fell
down
upon
his
Knees
,
holding
up
his
Hands
and
Eyes
to
Heaven
,
And
prayed
God
to
forgive
his
Prosecutors
.
The
Lord
Cobham
was
condemned
to
dye
,
being
led
back
to
the
Tower
,
he
escaped
out
of
the
Tower
,
and
fled
into
Wales
,
where
he
continued
by
the
space
of
four
years
.
In
January
1414.
Sir
Roger
Acton
Knight
,
Mr.
John
Brown
,
and
John
Beverley
a
Minister
,
suffered
Martyrdom
in
the
Fields
of
St.
Giles
,
with
thirty
six
more
.
Some
say
,
that
Sir
Roger
Acton
was
hanged
naked
at
Tyburn
,
saving
that
certain
parts
of
him
were
covered
,
and
after
certain
dayes
,
a
Trumpetter
of
the
King
's
,
called
Thomas
Cliffe
,
galeave
of
the
King
to
take
him
down
,
and
bury
him
.
The
next
Month
after
the
Execution
of
these
Men
,
died
Thomas
Arundel
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
famished
to
Death
,
not
for
want
of
Food
,
but
of
a
Throat
to
swallow
it
:
such
the
swelling
therein
,
that
he
could
neither
speak
nor
eat
for
some
days
.
After
him
succeeded
Henry
Chichely
,
Godwin's
Catal.
of
Bish.
whose
mean
birth
interrupted
the
chain
of
Noble
Archbishops
,
his
two
Predecessors
and
Successors
being
Earls
Sons
by
Extraction
.
Although
many
Laws
had
been
made
against
the
Pope's
usurped
Authority
in
bestowing
Ecclesiastical
preferments
by
way
of
Provision
;
yet
durst
not
this
man
consent
unto
his
election
made
by
the
Covent
of
Canterbury
,
but
committed
the
matter
unto
the
Pope's
determination
,
who
first
pronounced
the
election
of
the
Monks
void
,
and
then
bestowed
the
Archbishoprick
upon
him
.
The
same
year
the
King
began
the
Foundation
of
two
Monasteries
:
one
of
the
Friars
observants
on
the
one
side
of
Thames
;
and
the
other
on
the
other
side
of
the
same
River
,
called
Shene
,
and
Sion
,
dedicated
unto
the
Charter-house
Monks
,
with
certain
Nuns
of
St.
Briget
,
to
the
number
of
sixty
,
dwelling
within
the
same
precinct
:
so
that
the
whole
number
of
these
,
with
Priests
,
Monks
,
Deacons
,
and
Nuns
,
should
equal
the
number
of
thirteen
Apostles
,
and
seventy
two
Disciples
.
These
were
to
eat
no
Flesh
,
to
touch
no
Money
,
to
wear
no
Linnen
.
The
King
held
a
Parliament
at
Leicester
,
in
which
the
Commons
put
up
their
Bill
again
,
which
was
put
up
,
Anno
11.
Henry
the
fourth
,
that
the
Temporalties
wasted
so
disorderly
by
the
Clergy
,
might
be
converted
to
the
use
of
the
King
,
and
of
his
Earls
,
and
Knights
,
&c.
In
fear
of
which
Bill
,
the
Clergy
put
him
upon
a
long
War
with
the
French
,
offering
to
him
in
behalf
of
the
Clergy
,
great
and
notable
sums
,
by
reason
whereof
the
Bill
was
put
off
again
.
The
Archbishop
,
Henry
Chichley
,
condemned
John
Claydon's
Books
,
and
condemned
him
,
and
shortly
after
he
was
burnt
in
Smithfield
with
Richard
Turning
,
Baker
,
Anno
1415.
The
next
year
the
said
Archbishop
,
in
his
Convocation
holden
at
London
,
made
sharper
Constitutions
,
than
were
before
,
against
the
Lollards
.
There
two
Priests
,
noted
for
Hereticks
,
were
brought
before
the
Bishops
,
the
one
John
Barton
,
the
other
Robert
Chappel
.
Barton
was
committed
to
Philip
,
Bishop
of
Lincoln
,
to
be
kept
in
prison
,
till
otherwise
it
were
determined
.
Chappel
submitted
himself
,
and
with
much
ado
received
pardon
:
and
was
(
in
stead
of
penance
)
enjoyned
certain
Articles
to
publish
at
Paul's
Cross
.
Then
divers
persons
were
forced
to
abjure
,
as
John
Tailer
of
the
Parish
of
St.
Maries
at
Quern
,
William
James
Physitian
,
who
had
long
lain
in
prison
.
John
Gourdley
of
Lincoln-shire
,
a
learned
man
,
John
Duerser
,
Katherine
Dertford
,
the
Parson
of
Higley
in
Lincoln-shire
,
named
Mr.
Robert
,
William
Henry
of
Tenterden
;
John
Gaul
,
a
Priest
of
London
,
Richard
Monk
,
Vicar
of
Chesham
in
Lincoln-shire
,
with
divers
others
.
During
the
time
of
the
Provincial
Convocation
,
Pope
Martin
had
sent
to
the
Clergy
of
England
for
a
Subsidy
to
maintain
the
Pope's
Wars
against
the
Lollards
of
Bohemia
.
Another
Subsidy
was
demanded
to
persecute
William
Clerk
,
Master
of
Arts
in
Oxford
,
who
sailing
out
of
England
,
was
at
the
Council
of
Basil
disputing
on
the
Bohemians
side
.
A
third
Subsidy
was
also
required
,
to
persecute
William
Russel
,
Warden
of
the
Grey-Friers
in
London
,
who
was
fled
,
having
escaped
out
of
prison
.
Ralph
Mungin
,
Priest
,
refusing
to
abjure
,
was
condemned
to
perpetual
prison
.
The
recantation
of
Thomas
Granter
,
and
Richard
Monk
,
Priests
,
was
read
openly
at
Paul
s
Cross
,
after
which
Granter
was
put
to
seven
years
imprisonment
,
under
the
custody
of
the
Bishop
of
London
.
Edmond
Frith
recanted
,
who
was
Butler
to
Sir
John
Oldcastle
.
Besides
these
,
many
other
Wicklivites
were
sore
vexed
in
Kent
,
in
the
Towns
of
Romney
,
Tenterden
,
Woodchurch
,
Cranbrook
,
Staplehurst
,
Bennenden
,
and
Rolvenden
;
where
Men
and
their
Wives
,
and
whole
Families
were
driven
to
forsake
their
Houses
,
and
Towns
,
for
fear
of
persecution
.
Among
whom
were
William
White
,
and
Thomas
Greensted
,
Priests
,
Bartholomew
Chronemonger
,
Joan
Waddon
,
Joan
his
Wife
,
Thomas
Evernden
,
Stephen
Robins
,
William
Chineling
,
John
Tame
,
John
Eacolin
,
William
Somer
,
Marian
his
Wife
,
John
Abraham
,
Robert
Munden
,
Laurence
Cook
:
which
persons
,
because
they
appeared
not
,
were
excommunicated
by
the
Archbishop
.
The
Lord
Cobham
,
having
lived
four
years
in
Wales
,
and
being
at
last
discovered
,
was
taken
by
the
Lord
Powis
:
yet
so
,
that
it
cost
some
blows
and
blood
to
apprehend
him
,
till
a
Woman
at
last
with
a
stool
broke
the
Lord
Cobham's
legs
,
whereby
being
lame
,
he
was
brought
up
to
London
in
an
Horse-litter
.
At
last
he
was
drawn
upon
an
Hurdle
to
the
Gallows
,
and
there
was
hanged
and
burnt
.
In
the
ninth
year
of
King
Henry
the
Fifth
,
he
suppressed
the
French
Houses
of
Religious
Monks
and
Friars
,
and
such
like
,
in
England
,
Stow's
Chron
,
in
Hen.
8.
because
they
spake
ill
of
the
King's
Conquest
over
France
.
Their
Lands
were
given
by
him
,
and
King
Henry
the
Sixth
,
to
Monasteries
,
and
Colledges
of
learned
men
.
King
Henry
died
in
France
,
and
was
brought
over
,
and
buried
at
Westminster
,
This
King
ordained
the
King
of
Heraulds
over
the
English
,
which
is
called
Garter
.
In
this
King's
Reign
Richard
Fleming
,
Bishop
of
Lincoln
,
founded
a
Colledge
,
named
Lincoln-colledge
in
Oxford
.
King
Henry
the
sixth
,
an
Infant
of
eight
months
old
,
succeeded
his
Father
in
the
Kingdom
of
England
,
Anno
1422.
In
the
eighth
year
of
his
Age
he
was
crowned
at
Westminster
,
and
in
the
tenth
year
crowned
King
at
Paris
;
Cardinal
Henry
,
Bishop
of
Winchester
,
being
present
at
them
both
.
The
Clergy
had
then
a
strong
party
in
the
Privy
Council
,
viz.
-
1.
Henry
Chicheley
,
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
.
-
2.
John
Kemp
,
Bishop
of
London
.
-
3.
Henry
Beauford
,
Bishop
of
Winchester
,
lately
made
Cardinal
.
-
4.
John
Wackaring
,
Bishop
of
Norwich
,
Privy-seal
.
-
5.
Philip
Morgan
,
Bishop
of
Worcester
.
-
6.
Nicholas
Bubwith
,
Bishop
of
Bath
and
Wells
,
Lord
Treasurer
.
In
the
first
year
of
this
King's
Reign
,
was
burned
a
faithful
Witness
of
God's
Truth
,
William
Tailor
,
a
Priest
,
under
Henry
Chichcley
,
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
March
1.
Anno
1423.
In
the
year
1424.
John
Florence
,
a
Turner
,
appeared
before
Will
.
Bernam
,
Chancellor
to
the
Bishop
of
Norwich
being
accused
for
holding
and
teaching
divers
Heresies
.
But
being
threatened
,
he
submitted
himself
,
and
abjured
:
and
for
his
penance
he
was
whipped
three
Sundayes
,
in
a
solemn
procession
,
in
the
Cathedral
Church
of
Norwich
,
before
all
the
people
.
The
like
also
was
done
about
his
Parish-church
of
Shelton
three
other
several
Sundayes
,
he
being
bare-headed
,
bare-footed
,
and
bare-necked
,
after
the
manner
of
a
publick
Penitentiary
,
his
body
being
covered
with
a
canvass
shirt
and
breeches
,
carrying
in
his
hand
a
Taper
of
a
pound
weight
.
In
the
same
year
John
Goddesel
of
Dichingham
,
Parchment
maker
,
abjured
and
was
set
at
liberty
till
the
year
1428.
Richard
Belward
of
Erisam
sware
,
that
he
would
neither
teach
nor
assist
any
against
the
Church
of
Rome
,
and
was
dismissed
.
The
like
happened
to
Hugh
Pie
,
Chaplain
of
Ludney
.
In
the
year
1428.
King
Henry
the
Sixth
sent
down
Letters
of
Commission
to
John
Exeter
,
and
Ja
olet
Germain
,
keeper
of
the
Castle
of
Colchester
,
for
the
apprehending
of
William
White
Priest
,
and
others
suspected
of
Heresie
.
John
Exeter
attached
six
persons
in
the
Town
of
Bungay
,
in
the
Diocess
of
Norwich
,
and
three
of
them
were
committed
to
the
Castle
of
Fremingham
,
belonging
to
the
Duke
of
Norfolk
,
namely
John
Waddon
of
Tenterden
in
Kent
;
Bartholomew
Monk
of
Ersham
,
and
William
Skutt
.
In
the
Towns
of
B●ckles
,
Ersham
and
Ludney
,
a
great
number
both
of
Men
and
Women
were
cast
into
prison
,
and
after
their
abjuration
brought
to
open
shame
in
Churches
and
Markets
by
the
Bishop
of
Norwich
,
and
his
Chancellor
William
Bernham
,
John
Exeter
being
Register
:
so
that
within
the
space
of
three
or
four
years
about
one
hundred
and
twenty
Men
and
Women
were
examined
,
and
suffered
great
vexation
for
the
profession
of
Christian
Faith
.
Some
taken
upon
suspition
only
,
more
easily
escaped
,
as
Robert
Skirring
of
Harlstone
,
William
Skirring
,
and
some
others
.
Some
were
burned
,
among
whom
special
mention
is
made
of
these
three
,
Father
Abraham
of
Colchester
,
William
White
,
and
John
Waddon
,
Priests
.
The
residue
abjured
,
and
suffered
penance
,
as
John
Beverley
,
J.
Wardon
,
John
Capper
,
Vicar
of
Tunstal
,
with
more
than
threescore
others
.
They
had
their
Doctrine
from
William
White
who
was
a
Scholar
and
follower
of
John
Wickliff
.
Anno
1428.
Such
was
the
Spleen
of
the
Council
of
Sienna
,
as
they
not
only
cursed
the
memory
of
John
Wickliff
,
as
dying
an
obstinate
Heretick
,
but
ordered
,
that
his
bones
should
be
taken
out
of
the
ground
,
and
thrown
far
off
from
any
Christian
burial
.
In
obedience
hereunto
,
Richard
Fleming
,
Bishop
of
Lincoln
,
Diocesan
of
Lutterworth
,
sent
his
Officers
to
ungrave
him
accordingly
,
who
took
his
bones
out
of
the
grave
,
and
burnt
them
to
ashes
,
and
cast
them
into
Swift
,
a
neighbouring
Brook
running
hard
by
.
Anno
1430.
R.
Hovedon
,
a
Wool-winder
,
and
Citizen
of
London
,
was
burnt
at
the
Tower-hill
for
the
Doctrine
of
Wickliff
.
The
year
following
Thomas
Bagley
,
a
Priest
,
Vicar
of
Monenden
besides
Malden
,
was
condemned
of
Heresie
at
London
,
about
the
midst
of
Lent
,
degraded
,
and
burned
in
Smithfield
.
At
St.
Andrews
in
Scotland
,
Anno
1431.
Paul
Craw
was
burnt
for
denying
that
the
substance
of
the
Bread
and
Wine
are
changed
in
the
Eucharist
;
Petries
Church
History
.
or
that
Confession
is
necessary
to
be
made
unto
Priests
,
or
Prayers
unto
Saints
departed
.
At
his
condemnation
they
put
a
Bull
of
Brass
in
his
mouth
,
to
the
end
he
should
not
speak
unto
the
people
,
nor
tell
for
what
he
was
burnt
.
Henry
Beauford
,
Bishop
of
Winchester
,
Cardinal
Sancti
Eusebii
,
Ex
Archiv●●
Turris
Lond.
was
by
consent
of
Parliament
made
one
of
the
King's
Council
,
with
this
condition
,
that
he
should
make
a
protestation
to
absent
himself
from
the
Council
,
when
any
matters
were
to
be
treated
betwixt
the
King
and
Pope
.
The
Cardinal
took
the
Protestation
,
and
promised
to
perform
it
.
The
Clergy
complained
to
the
King
in
Parliament
,
that
their
Servants
,
which
came
with
them
to
Convocations
,
were
often
arrested
,
and
they
prayed
that
they
might
have
the
same
Priviledge
,
which
the
Peers
and
Commons
of
the
Kingdom
have
,
which
are
called
to
Parliament
,
which
was
granted
accordingly
.
Great
at
this
time
was
the
want
of
Grammar-schools
,
and
the
abuse
of
them
that
were
even
in
London
it self
,
it
being
paenal
for
any
(
to
prevent
the
growth
of
Wicklivism
)
to
put
their
Children
to
private
Teachers
.
Hence
it
was
,
that
some
hundreds
were
compelled
to
go
to
the
same
School
,
where
(
to
use
the
words
of
the
Records
)
The
Masters
waxen
rich
in
money
,
and
Learners
poor
in
cunning
.
Whereupon
this
grievance
was
complained
of
by
four
eminent
Ministers
in
London
,
viz.
-
Mr.
William
Lichfield
,
Parson
of
Alhallowes
the
Great
.
-
Mr.
Gilbert
,
Parson
of
St.
Andrew's
Holborn
.
-
Mr.
John
Cote
,
Parson
of
St.
Peter's
Cornhil
.
-
Mr.
John
Neele
,
Master
of
the
House
of
St.
Thomas
Acre's
,
and
Parson
of
Colchirch
.
To
these
it
was
granted
,
by
the
advice
of
the
Ordinary
,
or
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
to
erect
five
Schools
(
Neele
having
a
double
License
for
two
places
)
in
their
respective
Parishes
.
Know
,
that
the
House
of
St.
Thomas
Acre's
was
where
Mercers
Chappel
standeth
at
this
day
.
Then
was
the
Lady
Eleanor
Cobham
(
so
called
from
the
Lord
Cobham
,
her
Father
,
otherwise
Eleanor
Plantagenet
by
her
Husband
,
Humfry
Duke
of
Glocester
)
and
Roger
Only
,
Priest
,
her
Chaplain
,
condemned
:
the
Dutchess
(
after
solemn
penance
,
and
carrying
a
Taper
barefoot
at
Paul's
Cross
)
to
perpetual
banishment
,
for
plotting
with
Only
(
say
Hall
and
Fabian
in
their
Chronicles
)
an
abominable
Necromancer
)
with
three
others
,
by
Witchcraft
to
destroy
the
King
,
so
to
derive
the
Crown
to
her
Husband
,
who
was
next
Heir
in
the
line
of
Lancaster
:
And
Roger
Only
was
burned
.
But
the
main
cause
of
their
condemnation
was
for
the
profession
of
the
Truth
,
although
Treason
was
pretended
against
them
.
Polydor
Virgil
makes
no
mention
thereof
otherwise
quick-lighted
enough
in
matters
of
this
nature
.
At
this
time
William
Heiworth
sate
Bishop
of
Coventry
and
Dichfield
,
being
translated
thither
from
being
Abbot
of
St.
Albans
.
Fuller's
Chur.
History
of
Britain
.
At
this
time
William
Lynwood
finished
his
industrious
and
useful
Work
of
his
Constitutions
.
He
was
bred
in
Cambridge
,
first
Scholar
of
Gonvil
,
then
Fellow
of
Pembrook-hall
.
His
younger
years
he
spent
in
the
Law
;
afterwards
he
became
Keeper
of
the
Privy-seal
unto
King
Henry
the
Fifth
,
who
employed
him
in
an
Embassie
into
Spain
and
Portugal
,
which
he
exactly
performed
.
After
the
King's
death
he
re-assumed
his
Official's
place
of
Canterbury
,
and
then
at
spare
hours
collected
and
digested
the
Constitutions
of
the
fourteen
latter
Archbishops
of
Canterbury
,
from
Stephen
Langton
unto
Henry
Chichley
,
unto
whom
he
dedicated
the
Work
,
a
worthy
Work
,
highly
esteemed
by
forreign
Lawyers
,
his
Comment
thereon
is
a
Magazine
of
the
Canon
Law
.
It
was
printed
at
Paris
,
Anno
1505.
(
but
at
the
cost
and
charges
of
William
Bretton
,
an
honest
Merchant
of
London
)
revised
by
the
care
of
Wolfangus
Hippolius
,
and
prefaced
unto
by
Iodocus
Badius
.
This
Linwood
was
afterwards
made
Bishop
of
St.
Davids
.
Anno
1434.
began
the
active
Council
of
Basil
,
to
which
our
Ambassadors
were
to
represent
both
their
Sovereign
,
and
the
English
Nation
,
where
they
were
received
with
honour
and
respect
.
This
was
a
troublesome
Council
,
and
continued
seventeen
years
.
In
this
Council
it
was
concluded
(
as
before
at
Constance
)
that
the
General
Councils
were
above
the
Pope
.
Fourteen
Ambassadors
were
sent
from
the
King
unto
Basil
.
One
Earl
(
not
that
he
was
to
vote
in
the
Council
,
but
only
behold
the
transactions
thereof
)
viz.
Edmond
,
Earl
of
Morton
.
Five
Bishops
,
viz.
Robert
,
Bishop
of
London
,
Philip
,
Bishop
of
Lisieux
,
John
,
Bishop
of
Rochester
John
,
Bishop
of
Baieux
,
and
Bernard
,
Bishop
of
Aix
.
Two
Abbots
,
Nicholas
,
Abbot
of
Glaston
,
William
,
Abbot
of
St.
Maries
in
York
.
One
Prior
,
William
,
Prior
of
Norwich
.
Two
Knights
,
Henry
Broumfleet
,
and
John
Colvil
.
Mr.
Thomas
Brown
,
Doctor
of
Laws
,
Dean
of
Sarum
.
Peter
Fitz-Maurice
,
D.
D.
and
Mr.
Nicholas
David
,
Archdeacon
of
Constance
,
and
Licentiate
in
both
Laws
.
John
,
Bishop
of
Rochester
,
here
mentioned
,
was
John
Langdon
,
intruded
by
the
Pope
into
that
Bishoprick
,
to
the
prejudice
of
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
.
But
he
was
indeed
a
Learned
man
,
and
died
this
year
in
his
Ambassy
at
Basil
.
This
Council
deposed
Pope
Eugenius
,
and
substituted
in
his
room
Amideus
,
the
most
devout
Duke
of
Savoy
,
who
was
called
Felix
the
Fifth
,
and
was
crowned
in
the
City
of
Basil
.
Anno
1437.
Henry
Chichley
,
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
founded
a
Colledge
in
Oxford
,
by
the
name
of
All-souls
,
for
a
Warden
,
and
forty
Fellows
:
which
number
,
by
Statute
,
was
never
to
be
augmented
,
or
impaired
;
and
all
void
places
(
by
death
or
otherwise
)
once
in
a
year
to
be
supplied
.
Six
years
did
he
survive
the
first
founding
of
this
Colledge
.
He
founded
another
Colledge
in
Oxford
,
called
Barnard-colledge
,
suppressed
by
King
Henry
the
Eighth
,
and
renewed
by
Sir
Thomas
White
,
who
named
it
St.
Iohn's-colledge
,
one
of
the
fairest
of
the
University
.
This
Archbishop
bestowed
much
money
in
repairing
the
Library
at
Canterbury
,
Goodwin's
Catal.
of
Bishops
.
and
then
replenished
the
same
with
a
number
of
goodly
Books
.
He
gave
unto
his
Church
many
rich
Ornaments
and
Jewels
of
great
price
,
and
built
a
great
part
of
the
Tower
,
called
Oxford-tower
,
in
the
said
Church
.
He
founded
a
goodly
Colledge
,
and
an
Hospital
,
at
Higham-ferries
,
where
he
was
born
,
for
eight
secular
Priests
,
Fellows
,
four
Clerks
,
and
six
Choristers
:
it
was
so
endowed
,
as
at
the
suppression
of
the
same
,
it
was
valued
at
156
pounds
per
annum
.
The
Hospital
was
for
poor
people
likewise
liberally
endowed
.
Iohn
Stafford
,
Son
unto
the
Earl
of
Stafford
,
succeeded
in
the
place
of
Henry
Chichley
deceased
.
Pope
Eugenius
the
Fourth
translated
him
from
Bath
and
Wells
.
About
the
year
1446.
King
Henry
the
Sixth
founded
Eaton
Colledge
,
incorporate
by
the
name
of
Praepositi
&
Collegii
Regaliis
,
Col.
Beatae
Maria
de
Eaton
juxta
Winsor
.
This
Colledge
consisteth
of
one
Provost
,
Fellows
,
a
School-master
and
Usher
;
besides
many
Oppidanes
maintained
there
at
the
cost
of
their
Friends
.
This
Eaton
is
a
Nursery
to
King's-colledge
in
Cambridge
.
Humfry
,
Duke
of
Glocester
,
the
King's
Uncle
,
at
a
packt
Parliament
at
Bury
,
was
condemned
of
High-treason
,
and
found
dead
in
his
Bed
,
not
without
rank
suspition
of
cruel
practices
upon
his
person
.
He
gave
to
the
Library
in
Oxford
many
pretious
voluminous
Manuscripts
.
He
was
buried
in
St.
Albans
,
to
which
Church
he
was
a
great
Benefactor
.
The
same
month
,
with
the
Duke
of
Glocester
,
died
Henry
Beaufort
,
Bishop
of
Winchester
,
and
Cardinal
.
He
was
a
man
of
such
Wealth
,
that
at
once
he
lent
King
Henry
the
Fifth
twenty
thousand
pounds
,
who
pawned
his
Crown
to
him
.
He
built
the
fair
Hospital
of
St.
Cross
,
near
Winchester
.
The
Clergy
moved
in
vain
against
the
recalling
of
the
Statute
of
Praemunire
:
About
the
year
1453.
began
the
broyls
to
break
out
out
between
the
two
Houses
of
Lancaster
and
York
,
so
mutually
heightened
,
that
scarce
a
County
betwixt
York
and
London
,
but
a
set
Battel
hath
been
fought
therein
,
besides
other
Counties
in
the
Marches
of
Wales
:
besides
many
other
Skirmishes
(
Corrivals
with
Battels
)
so
that
such
,
who
consider
the
blood
lost
therein
,
would
admire
England
had
any
left
.
And
such
as
observe
how
much
it
had
left
,
would
wonder
it
had
any
lost
.
In
the
midst
of
these
Civil
wars
,
William
,
Sirnamed
Patin
from
his
Parents
,
but
Wainfleet
,
from
the
place
of
his
Nativity
,
now
Bishop
of
Winchester
,
founded
the
fair
Colledge
,
dedicated
to
Mary
Magdalen
,
in
Oxford
,
for
one
President
,
forty
Fellows
,
thirty
Demies
,
four
Chaplains
,
eight
Clerks
,
and
sixteen
Choristers
.
This
William
Wainfleet
first
founded
Magdalen-hall
,
hard
by
,
and
afterwards
undertook
and
finished
this
most
stately
piece
of
Architecture
.
There
is
scarce
a
Bishoprick
in
England
to
which
this
Colledge
hath
not
afforded
one
Prelate
at
the
least
,
doubling
her
files
in
some
places
.
At
this
day
(
besides
those
forementioned
)
there
are
one
Schoolmaster
and
an
Usher
,
three
Readers
,
viz.
of
Divinity
,
Natural
and
Moral
Philosophy
,
besides
divers
Officers
and
Servants
of
the
foundation
,
with
other
Students
,
being
in
all
two
hundred
and
twenty
.
Iohn
Kemp
,
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
built
the
Divinity-School
in
Oxford
,
and
Paul's
Cross
.
King
Henry
being
conquered
in
a
fatal
Battel
at
Touton
in
Nottinghamshire
,
fled
with
his
Queen
into
Scotland
,
and
to
make
himself
the
more
welcome
,
resigned
Berwick
to
the
King
thereof
.
Edward
,
Duke
of
York
,
reigned
in
his
stead
.
This
King's
Reign
affordeth
very
little
Church-story
.
This
good
was
done
by
the
Civil
Wars
,
it
diverted
the
Popish
Prelates
from
troubling
the
Lollards
.
Thomas
Bourchier
(
Son
unto
Henry
Bourchier
,
Earl
of
Essex
)
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
kept
a
Synod
of
his
Clergy
at
London
.
The
Parliament
sitting
at
the
same
time
bestowed
many
priviledges
on
the
Clergy
.
In
the
time
of
this
Archbishop
,
Raynold
Peacock
,
Bishop
of
Chichester
,
was
afflicted
by
the
Popish
Prelates
for
his
Faith
and
profession
of
the
Gospel
,
after
he
had
laboured
many
years
in
translating
the
Holy
Scriptures
into
English
.
Sir
Rich.
Baker's
Chron.
He
was
accused
and
convicted
for
holding
and
publishing
certain
Opinions
,
at
that
time
held
Heretical
,
which
at
last
openly
at
Paul's
Cross
he
revoked
,
but
was
notwithstanding
deprived
of
his
Bishoprick
;
only
a
certain
Pension
was
assigned
him
to
live
on
in
an
Abby
,
where
soon
after
he
died
.
Fox
Acts
and
Monuments
Luke
8.3
.
About
the
year
1465.
there
was
here
in
England
one
Thomas
Holden
,
a
Carmelite
Friar
,
who
preached
in
Michaelmas
Term
at
Paul's
Cross
in
London
;
That
our
Lord
Iesus
Christ
was
in
poverty
,
and
did
beg
in
the
world
.
A
manifest
untruth
!
For
great
is
the
difference
betwixt
begging
,
and
taking
what
the
bounty
of
others
doth
freely
confer
,
as
our
Saviour
did
from
such
who
did
minister
unto
him
of
their
substance
:
This
Sermon
caused
a
great
stir
.
The
principal
Champions
on
both
sides
,
whose
Pens
publickly
appeared
,
were
For
Mendicants
.
-
1.
Henry
Parker
,
a
Carmelite
,
bred
in
Cambridge
,
living
afterward
in
Doncaster-Covent
,
imprisoned
for
preaching
.
-
2.
Iohn
Milverton
,
bred
in
Oxford
,
Carmelite
of
Bristol
,
being
excommunicated
by
the
Bishop
of
London
,
and
appealing
to
the
Pope
,
found
no
favour
,
but
was
kept
three
years
captive
in
St.
Angelo
.
Against
Mendicants
.
-
1.
Thomas
Wilson
,
Doctor
of
both
Laws
,
and
say
some
,
Dean
of
S.
Paul's
,
a
zealous
Preacher
and
Disputant
.
-
2.
William
Ivy
,
Canon
of
S.
Paul's
,
who
wrote
in
the
Defence
of
Richard
Hill
,
Bishop
of
London
,
who
Imprisoned
two
Mendicants
for
their
proud
Preaching
.
But
after
Pope
Paul
the
second
had
interposed
herein
,
concluding
that
this
ought
to
be
declared
in
all
places
for
a
dangerous
Doctrine
,
and
worthy
to
be
trodden
down
under
all
mens
feet
,
the
controversie
ceased
.
At
this
time
George
Nevil
,
brother
to
Richard
Nevil
,
the
Great
Earl
of
Warwick
that
set
up
and
pulled
down
Kings
at
his
pleasure
,
was
Archbishop
of
York
.
He
was
famous
for
a
prodigious
feast
made
at
his
Installation
,
unto
which
he
invited
,
as
Guests
,
all
the
Nobility
,
most
of
the
prime
Clergy
,
many
of
the
Great
Gentry
of
the
Land
.
The
Bill
of
Fare
may
be
read
in
Bishop
Godwins
Catalogue
of
Bishops
.
Seven
years
after
,
King
Edward
seized
on
all
his
Estate
,
to
the
value
of
twenty
thousand
pounds
,
among
which
he
found
so
rich
a
Mitre
,
that
he
made
himself
a
Crown
thereof
.
The
Archbishop
he
sent
over
prisoner
to
Callis
,
where
he
was
kept
bound
in
extreme
poverty
,
justice
punishing
his
former
prodigality
.
He
was
afterwards
restored
to
his
Liberty
and
Archbishoprick
,
but
went
drooping
till
the
day
of
his
death
.
It
added
to
his
sorrow
,
that
the
Kingdom
of
Scotland
,
Scotland
freed
from
the
See
of
York
.
with
twelve
Suffragan
Bishops
therein
(
formerly
subjected
to
his
See
)
was
now
,
by
Pope
Sixtus
,
freed
from
any
further
dependance
thereon
;
S.
Andrews
being
advanced
to
an
Archbishoprick
,
and
that
Kingdom
in
Ecclesiastical
matters
made
entire
within
it self
:
whose
Bishops
formerly
repaired
to
York
for
their
consecration
.
Anno
1473.
in
August
,
John
Goose
,
sole
Martyr
in
this
King's
Reign
was
condemned
and
burned
at
Tower-hill
.
This
man
;
when
ready
to
suffer
,
desired
meat
from
the
Sheriff
which
Ordered
his
Execution
,
and
had
it
granted
unto
him
.
I
will
eat
(
saith
he
)
a
good
competent
dinner
,
for
I
shall
pass
a
sharp
shower
,
ere
I
come
to
Supper
.
King
Edward
IV.
died
April
9.
1483.
In
his
Reign
flourished
Thomas
Littleton
,
a
Reverend
Judge
of
the
Common-pleas
,
who
brought
a
great
part
of
the
Law
into
method
,
which
lay
before
confusedly
dispersed
,
and
his
book
called
Littletons
Tenures
.
Then
John
Harding
Esquire
wrote
a
Chronicle
in
English
verse
.
John
Fortescue
a
Judge
,
and
Chancellor
of
England
,
wrote
divers
Treatises
concerning
the
Law
,
and
Politick
Government
.
Rochus
,
a
Charter-house
Monk
,
born
in
London
,
wrote
divers
Epigrams
.
William
Caxton
also
wrote
a
Chronicle
.
Miserable
King
Edward
V.
ought
to
have
succeeded
his
Father
,
but
he
,
by
the
wicked
practice
of
his
Unckle
Richard
Duke
of
Glocester
,
chosen
Protector
,
was
quickly
made
away
.
The
Protection
of
the
young
King's
Person
was
by
the
last
King
appointed
to
Earl
Rivers
the
Queen's
brother
,
and
by
the
mother's
side
Unckle
to
the
said
Prince
,
who
kept
his
Residence
and
Court
at
Ludlow
.
The
Queen
with
the
Earl
Rivers
,
her
brother
,
and
with
her
Son
Richard
Lord
Gray
,
and
other
Friends
,
being
guarded
with
a
strong
power
of
Armed
men
and
Souldiers
,
intended
to
bring
the
Young
King
from
Ludlow
to
London
to
be
Crowned
.
But
the
Duke
of
Glocester
wrought
so
cunningly
with
the
Queen
,
that
she
dispatched
messengers
to
her
Brother
and
Son
,
who
(
though
unwilling
)
upon
her
request
were
perswaded
to
Disband
and
Cashier
all
their
Souldiers
:
and
attended
only
with
their
own
Menial
Servants
,
they
set
forward
,
with
the
Young
,
King
towards
the
Queen
.
They
came
to
Northampton
;
and
soon
after
the
Dukes
of
Glocester
and
Buckingham
dismounted
themselves
in
the
Earls
Inn
,
being
accompanied
with
great
store
of
resolute
attendants
.
There
they
surprized
the
Earl
Rivers
,
and
committed
him
to
safe
Custody
.
Mart.
Chron.
in
Edw.
V.
Then
the
two
Dukes
rode
to
Stonystratford
,
where
the
King
then
was
.
There
they
seized
on
Richard
Lord
Grey
,
the
King's
half-brother
,
and
on
Sir
Richard
Vaugham
,
and
some
others
,
all
which
they
sent
under
a
strong
guard
to
Pomfret-castle
,
where
without
any
judicial
sentence
,
or
legal
trial
,
they
were
beheaded
upon
the
same
day
that
the
Lord
Hastings
,
(
who
conspired
in
that
action
with
the
two
Dukes
)
lost
his
head
.
The
Queen
with
the
rest
of
her
Children
enters
the
Sanctuary
at
Westminster
.
The
young
King
is
brought
to
London
,
and
the
Duke
of
Glocester
by
the
contrivement
of
the
Duke
of
Buckingham
is
made
Protector
of
the
King
and
Kingdom
,
by
the
Decree
of
the
Councel-Table
:
and
now
he
wickedly
plotteth
to
make
away
the
young
King
and
his
Brother
,
and
in
order
thereunto
he
laboureth
first
to
get
into
his
hands
the
Duke
of
York
,
the
King's
brother
;
And
to
that
end
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
was
employed
with
instructions
to
procure
the
Queen
to
part
with
her
younger
son
,
to
accompany
the
elder
.
The
Protector
having
gotten
both
the
brothers
into
his
hand
,
causeth
them
within
few
days
in
great
pomp
and
State
to
be
convayed
through
London
to
the
Tower
.
The
Sunday
following
he
caused
Doctor
Shaa
at
Paul's
cross
to
blazon
the
Honourable
birth
and
parentage
of
the
Protector
,
to
relate
his
vertues
,
to
commend
his
valour
,
to
weaken
the
Fame
and
Honour
of
the
deceased
King
Edward
,
by
reason
of
his
lascivious
wantonness
with
Shore's
wife
and
others
,
to
bastardize
all
his
Children
;
because
the
King
was
in
the
person
of
Richard
Earl
of
Warwick
(
before
his
said
marriage
)
affianced
unto
the
Lady
Bona
,
sister
to
the
wife
of
the
French
King
.
He
also
accused
the
Protector
's
own
mother
of
great
incontinency
.
When
King
Edward
,
and
George
Duke
of
Clarence
were
begotten
.
Then
setting
forth
the
worthiness
of
the
Protector
,
he
supposed
,
that
the
people
could
not
chuse
but
receive
him
for
their
King
.
Pynkney
the
Provincial
of
the
Augustinian
Friars
,
who
in
the
same
place
used
so
loud
adulation
,
lost
his
credit
,
conscience
,
and
voice
altogether
.
These
two
were
all
of
the
Clergy
,
who
engaged
actively
on
his
party
.
His
Coronation
was
performed
with
more
pomp
than
any
of
his
Predecessors
.
Soon
after
followed
the
murther
of
King
Edward
,
and
his
Brother
Richard
,
Duke
of
York
.
After
this
bloody
act
,
having
visited
his
Town
of
Glocester
,
which
he
endowed
with
ample
Liberties
and
Priviledges
,
he
took
his
journey
towards
York
.
At
a
certain
day
appointed
the
whole
Clergy
assembled
in
Copes
richly
vested
,
and
so
went
about
the
City
in
Procession
,
after
whom
followed
the
King
with
his
Crown
and
Scepter
,
apparrelled
in
his
Circot
Robe
Royal
,
accompanyed
with
many
of
the
Nobility
of
the
Realm
:
after
whom
marched
in
order
Queen
Anne
,
his
wife
,
Crowned
,
leading
in
her
left
hand
Prince
Edward
her
Son
,
Sir
Th.
Moores
History
of
King
Rich.
3.
having
on
his
head
a
demy-crown
appointed
for
the
degree
of
a
Prince
.
The
Northern
people
hereupon
extolled
and
praised
him
far
above
the
Stars
.
After
this
glorious
pomp
,
and
a
solemn
feast
,
having
done
all
things
discreet●y
,
he
returned
by
Nottingham
,
and
afterwards
came
to
London
,
whom
the
Citizens
more
for
fear
than
love
,
received
in
great
Companies
.
Now
King
Richard
made
good
Laws
in
that
sole
Parliament
kept
in
his
time
.
He
began
to
found
a
Colledge
of
an
hundred
Priests
,
which
foundation
with
the
founder
shortly
had
end
.
He
built
a
Monastery
at
Middleham
in
the
North
,
and
a
Colledge
at
Alhallows
Barking
hard
by
the
Tower
:
and
endowed
Queens-Colledge
in
Cambridge
with
five
hundred
marks
of
yearly
revenue
.
Soon
after
the
Duke
of
Buckingham
requireth
the
Earldom
of
Hereford
,
and
the
Hereditary
Constableship
of
England
,
laying
title
to
them
by
discent
.
The
King
rejected
the
Duke's
request
with
many
spiteful
and
minatory
words
.
Buckingham
storms
thereat
,
and
withdraws
to
Brecknock
in
Wales
,
with
his
Prisoner
John
Morton
Bishop
of
Ely
(
committed
to
him
by
the
King
on
some
distast
)
who
tampered
with
him
about
the
marriage
of
Henry
Earl
of
Richmond
with
the
eldest
daughter
of
King
Edward
IV.
But
the
Duke
was
surprized
by
King
Richard
,
and
beheaded
before
this
marriage
was
compleated
,
More
cunning
was
Bishop
Morton
to
get
himself
over
into
France
,
there
to
contrive
the
union
of
the
two
Houses
of
York
and
Lancaster
.
In
the
year
1485.
Henry
Earl
of
Richmond
landeth
with
small
Force
;
at
Milford-Haven
.
From
Milford
he
marcheth
North-East
through
the
bowels
of
Wales
,
and
both
his
Army
and
the
fame
thereof
encreased
by
marching
.
Into
Leicester-shire
he
came
,
and
in
the
navel
thereof
is
met
by
King
Richard
,
The
next
day
the
Armies
joyned
in
battel
.
The
scales
of
Victory
seemed
for
a
long
time
so
equal
,
that
none
could
discern
on
which
side
the
beam
did
break
.
At
length
the
coming
in
of
the
Lord
Stanley
with
three
thousand
fresh
men
,
decided
the
controversie
on
the
Earl's
side
King
Richard
fighting
valiantly
in
the
midst
of
his
enemies
was
slain
,
and
his
Corps
were
disgracefully
carried
to
Leicester
,
without
a
rag
to
cover
his
nakedness
.
The
Crown
ornamental
being
found
on
his
head
,
was
removed
to
the
Earl's
,
and
he
Crowned
in
the
field
and
Te
Deum
was
solemnly
sung
by
the
whole
Army
.
The
body
of
King
Richard
lay
for
a
spectacle
of
hate
and
scorn
by
the
space
of
two
days
bare
,
and
uninterred
.
At
last
without
solemn
funeral
pomp
,
scarce
with
ordinary
solemnity
,
by
the
charity
of
the
Gray-friers
he
was
inhumed
in
their
Monastery
there
.
King
Henry
Lord
Verul
.
Histor.
of
Henr.
VII
.
VII
.
coming
to
London
the
Mayor
and
Companies
received
him
at
Shored●tch
,
whence
with
great
Honourable
attendance
,
and
Troops
of
Noblemen
and
persons
of
quality
he
entred
the
City
,
himself
not
being
on
horseback
,
or
in
any
open
Chair
,
or
Throne
,
but
in
a
close
Chariot
,
as
one
that
chose
rather
to
keep
State
,
and
strike
a
reverence
into
the
people
than
to
fawn
upon
them
.
He
went
first
into
S.
Paul's
Church
,
where
he
made
offertory
of
his
Standards
,
and
had
Orizon
,
and
Te
Deum
again
sung
,
and
went
to
his
lodging
prepared
in
the
Bishops
palace
.
Thomas
Bourchier
,
Cardinal
,
and
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
Crowned
the
King
on
the
last
of
October
.
At
which
day
for
the
better
security
of
his
person
the
King
did
institute
a
band
of
fifty
Archers
under
a
Captain
to
attend
him
,
by
the
Name
of
Yeomen
of
his
Guard
.
The
Archbishop
also
Married
King
Henry
to
the
Lady
Elizabeth
,
eldest
daughter
to
King
Edward
the
fourth
.
And
then
having
sate
in
a
short
Synod
at
London
(
wherein
the
Clergy
presented
their
new
King
with
a
tenth
)
died
,
having
sate
in
his
See
two
and
thirty
years
.
He
gave
to
the
University
of
Cambridge
an
hundred
and
twenty
pounds
,
which
was
joyned
with
another
hundred
pound
;
which
Mr.
Billingforth
(
Master
of
Bennet-Colledge
)
had
some
years
before
given
to
the
said
University
.
John
Morton
,
born
at
S.
Andrews
Milbourn
in
Dorset-shire
,
succeeded
him
in
the
See
at
Canterbury
.
He
was
formerly
Bishop
of
Ely
,
and
appointed
by
King
Edward
IV.
one
of
the
Executors
of
his
will
,
and
on
that
account
hated
of
King
Richard
the
third
,
the
Executioner
thereof
▪
He
was
(
as
aforesaid
)
imprisoned
,
because
he
would
not
betray
his
trust
,
fled
into
France
and
returned
,
and
was
justly
advanced
by
King
Henry
,
first
to
be
Chancellor
of
England
,
and
then
to
be
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
He
was
also
created
Cardinal
of
S.
Anastasius
.
Now
began
the
Pope
to
be
very
busie
by
his
Officers
to
collect
vast
summs
of
money
in
England
,
presuming
at
the
King's
connivance
thereat
,
whom
he
had
lately
gratified
with
a
needless
dispensation
,
to
legitimate
his
marriage
with
the
Lady
Elizabeth
,
his
Cousin
so
far
off
,
that
it
would
half
pose
a
Herauld
to
recover
their
kindred
.
The
Pope
in
favour
of
the
King
,
and
indeed
of
equity
it self
,
ordered
concerning
Sanctuaries
.
1.
That
if
any
Sanctuary
man
did
by
might
,
or
otherwise
,
Lord
Verul
.
in
Henry
VII
.
get
out
of
Sanctuary
privily
,
and
commit
mischief
and
trespass
,
and
then
come
in
again
,
he
should
lose
the
benefit
of
Sanctuary
for
ever
after
.
2.
That
howsoever
the
Person
of
the
Sanctuary-man
was
protected
from
his
Creditors
,
yet
should
not
his
goods
out
of
Sanctuary
.
3.
That
if
any
took
Sanctuary
for
cause
of
treason
,
the
King
might
appoint
him
keepers
to
look
to
him
in
Sanctuary
.
The
King
Confined
the
Queen
Dowager
(
his
wives
mother
)
to
a
Religious
house
in
Bermondsey
,
because
three
years
since
she
had
surrendered
her
two
daughters
out
of
the
Sanctuary
at
Westminster
to
King
Richard
.
A
Synod
was
holden
by
Archbishop
Morton
at
London
,
Antiq.
Brit.
pag.
298.
wherein
the
Luxury
of
the
London
Clergy
in
Cloathes
,
with
their
frequenting
of
Taverns
was
forbidden
:
Such
Preachers
also
were
punished
,
who
inveighed
against
Bishops
in
their
absence
.
John
Giglis
,
an
Italian
,
about
this
time
employed
by
the
Pope
,
got
an
infinite
mass
of
money
,
having
power
from
the
Pope
to
absolve
people
from
all
crimes
whatsoever
,
saving
smiting
of
the
Clergy
,
and
conspiring
against
the
Pope
.
This
Giglis
gat
for
himself
the
rich
Bishoprick
of
Worcester
.
Yea
,
in
that
See
four
Italians
followed
each
other
,
-
1.
John
Giglis
.
-
2.
Silvester
Giglis
.
-
3.
Julius
Medices
,
afterwards
Pope
Clement
VII
.
-
4.
Hieronymus
de
Negutiis
.
The
Pope
gave
power
to
Archbishop
Morton
,
to
visit
all
places
formerly
exempt
from
Archiepiscopal
jurisdiction
;
and
to
dispence
his
pardons
where
he
saw
just
cause
.
Hereupon
Rochester-bridge
being
broken
down
,
the
Archbishop
bestowed
Remission
from
Purgatory
,
for
all
sins
whatsoever
committed
within
the
compass
of
fourty
dayes
,
to
such
as
should
bountifully
contribute
to
the
building
thereof
.
King
Henry
VII
.
desired
much
that
King
Henry
VI.
Camd.
Brit.
in
Surry
.
might
be
Canonized
.
But
Pope
Alexander
III.
delayed
,
and
in
effect
denyed
the
King's
desire
herein
.
The
reason
given
by
Mr.
Camden
,
was
the
Pope's
Covetousness
,
who
demanded
more
than
thirsty
King
Henry
would
allow
.
This
King
removed
the
Corps
of
Henry
VI.
from
Chertsey
in
Surrey
,
where
it
was
obscurely
interred
to
a
place
of
greater
note
,
viz.
Windsor
Chappel
.
But
the
Saintship
of
Anselm
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
was
procured
by
Archbishop
Morton
on
cheaper
terms
.
King
Henry
was
submissive
to
Pope
for
his
own
ends
,
never
servile
.
The
deserving
Clergy
he
employed
in
State
affairs
more
than
his
Nobility
.
To
the
vitious
Clergy
he
was
very
severe
,
ordaining
that
Clerks
Convict
should
be
burnt
in
the
hand
,
both
that
they
might
taste
a
Corporal
punishment
,
and
carry
a
brand
of
infamy
.
To
the
Lollard's
(
so
godly
men
were
called
)
he
was
more
cruel
than
his
Predecessors
:
for
he
not
only
in
the
beginning
of
his
Reign
connived
at
the
cruel
persecutions
which
John
Halse
Bishop
of
Coventry
and
Litchfield
raised
against
them
,
Anno
1494.
but
in
the
middle
and
towards
the
latter
end
of
his
Reign
he
appeared
very
bloody
to
them
.
An
Aged
old
man
was
burnt
in
Smithfield
,
and
one
Joan
Boughton
widow
,
mother
to
the
Lady
Young
(
who
was
afterward
Martyred
)
she
being
fourscore
years
of
Age
,
was
burnt
for
an
Heretick
.
In
the
year
1497.
Janu.
17.
being
Sunday
,
Richard
Milderal
,
and
James
Sturdy
bare
faggots
before
the
Procession
of
S.
Paul's
,
and
after
stood
before
the
Preacher
in
the
time
of
his
Sermon
.
And
the
Sunday
following
stood
other
two
men
at
Paul's
Cross
all
the
Sermon-time
;
one
garnished
with
painted
and
written
papers
,
the
other
having
a
Faggot
on
his
neck
.
Upon
Passion
Sunday
one
Hugh
Glover
bare
a
Faggot
before
the
Procession
of
S.
Paul's
,
and
after
with
the
Faggot
stood
before
the
Preacher
all
the
Sermon-while
.
And
on
the
next
Sunday
following
four
men
stood
,
and
did
their
open
penance
at
Paul's
Cross
,
and
many
of
their
books
were
there
burnt
before
them
.
Fox
Acts
and
Monum
.
p.
556
Anno
1498.
The
King
was
in
Canterbury
,
where
was
an
old
Priest
so
resolute
in
his
opinions
,
that
none
of
the
Clergy
there
could
convince
him
of
the
contrary
.
Some
say
the
King
,
by
what
Arguments
we
know
not
,
converted
this
Priest
,
and
then
presently
gave
Order
he
should
be
burnt
.
About
this
time
William
Smith
,
Bishop
of
Lincoln
,
began
the
foundation
,
of
Brason-nose
Colledge
in
Oxford
.
The
work
was
after
his
death
accomplished
by
Richard
Sutton
Esquire
.
It
maintaineth
a
Principal
,
twenty
Fellows
,
besides
Scholars
and
Officers
of
the
Foundation
in
all
amounting
to
one
hundred
eighty
six
.
In
the
year
1499.
a
constant
Martyr
of
Christ
,
named
Babram
,
was
burnt
in
Norfolk
.
In
the
year
1500.
died
John
Morton
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
at
his
Manour
of
Knoll
.
He
gave
much
to
good
uses
,
and
was
very
bountiful
to
his
Servants
.
CENT
.
XVI
.
HEnry
Dean
succeded
in
the
place
of
Archbishop
Morton
deceased
,
and
sate
but
two
years
in
that
See
.
His
Pall
was
sent
unto
him
by
Hadrian
de
Castello
the
Pope's
Secretary
,
and
delivered
by
the
Bishop
of
Coventry
in
these
words
:
Ad
honorem
Dei
omnipotentis
,
&
B.
Mariae
Virginis
,
ac
Bb.
Petri
,
&
Pauli
Apostolorum
,
&
D.
N.
Alexandri
P.
VI.
&
S.
Romanae
Ecclesiae
,
necnon
&
Cantuariensis
Ecclesiae
tibi
Commissae
,
tradimus
pallium
de
corpore
B.
Petri
sumptum
,
plenitudinem
viz.
Pontificalis
officii
;
ut
utaris
eo
infra
Ecclesiam
tuam
certis
diebus
qui
exprimuntur
in
privilegiis
ei
ab
Apostolica
sede
concessis
.
Having
received
his
Pall
,
he
was
to
take
his
Oath
unto
the
Pope
,
which
I
will
set
down
once
for
all
.
Ego
Henricus
Archiep
,
Godwins
Catal.
of
Bishop
.
Cantuar
ab
hac
hora
in
antea
fidelis
&
obediens
ero
B.
Petro
Sanctaeque
Apostolicae
Romanae
Ecclesiae
,
&
Domino
meo
Alexandro
P.
VI
suisque
successioribus
canonice
intrantibus
.
Non
ero
in
Consilio
aut
consensu
,
vel
facto
,
ut
vitam
perdant
vel
membrum
,
seu
capiantur
mala
captione
,
Concilium
vero
quod
mihi
credituri
sunt
,
per
se
aut
nuntios
ad
eorum
damnum
me
sciente
nemini
pandam
Papatum
Rom.
&
Regalia
S.
Petri
,
adjutor
ero
eis
ad
retinendum
&
defendendum
,
salvo
ordine
meo
,
contra
omnem
hominem
Legatum
sedis
Apostolicae
ineundo
&
redeundo
honorifice
tractabo
,
&
in
suis
necessitatibus
adjuvabo
.
Vocatus
ad
Synodum
veniam
,
nisi
praepeditus
fuero
Canonica
praepeditione
.
Apostolorum
limina
Rom.
Curiae
existente
citra
Alpes
singulis
annis
,
ultra
vero
montes
singulis
Bienniis
visitabo
,
aut
per
me
,
aut
per
meum
Nuntium
,
nisi
Apostolica
absolvar
licentia
.
Possessiones
vero
ad
mensam
mei
Archiepiscopatus
pertinentes
non
vendam
neque
donabo
,
neque
impignerabo
,
neque
de
novo
infeudabo
,
vel
aliquo
modo
alienabo
inconsulto
Romano
Pontifice
,
sicut
me
Deus
adjuvet
,
&c.
he
enjoyed
his
honour
but
two
years
,
and
left
it
to
William
Warham
.
Archbishop
Dean
bequeathed
to
his
Church
a
Silver
Image
of
fifty
one
ounces
weight
,
and
appointed
five
hundred
pounds
to
be
bestowed
on
his
funerals
.
He
built
the
most
part
of
Oxford-house
,
and
made
the
Iron-work
upon
the
coping
of
Rochester-bridge
.
Buckinghamshire
a
small
County
,
had
more
Martyrs
in
it
before
Luther's
time
,
than
all
the
Kingdom
besides
.
William
Tylsworth
was
burnt
at
Amersham
(
the
Rendezvous
of
God's
children
in
those
dayes
)
and
Joan
his
only
daughter
,
and
a
faithful
woman
was
compelled
with
her
own
hand
to
set
fire
to
her
dear
Father
.
At
the
same
time
more
than
sixty
Professors
did
bear
Faggots
for
their
penance
,
and
were
enjoyned
to
wear
on
their
right
sleeves
for
some
years
after
,
a
square
piece
of
cloth
,
as
a
badge
of
disgrace
to
themselves
,
and
difference
from
others
.
And
a
new
punishment
was
found
out
of
branding
them
in
the
cheek
.
The
manner
thus
,
Their
necks
were
tyed
fast
to
a
post
with
towels
,
and
their
hands
holden
that
they
might
not
stir
,
and
so
the
hot
Iron
was
put
to
their
cheeks
whether
branded
with
L.
for
Lollard
or
H.
for
Heretick
,
I
am
not
certain
;
but
this
is
sure
,
they
bare
in
their
bodies
the
marks
of
the
Lord
Jesus
.
Father
Reive
,
though
branded
at
that
time
,
did
afterwards
suffer
at
a
stake
.
One
Father
Roberts
was
burned
at
Buckingham
.
Father
Rogers
was
in
the
Bishop's
prison
fourteen
weeks
together
,
and
was
so
pinched
with
cold
,
hunger
,
and
Iron
,
that
after
his
coming
out
of
prison
he
was
so
lame
in
his
back
,
that
he
could
never
go
upright
,
as
long
as
he
lived
.
A●
.
1506.
Thomas
Chase
of
Amersham
,
(
was
after
other
sore
afflictions
)
strangled
in
the
prison
at
Wooburn
,
who
to
cover
their
cruelty
gave
it
out
that
he
had
hanged
himself
,
and
in
colour
thereof
caused
his
body
to
be
buried
by
the
High-way's
side
,
with
a
stake
knockt
into
his
grave
.
One
Thomas
Novice
was
burnt
at
Norwich
,
Anno
1507.
and
Laurence
Gleft
at
Sarum
,
at
whose
burning
William
Russel
was
burnt
in
the
Cheek
.
After
this
a
Godly-woman
was
burnt
at
Sadbury
by
the
Chancellor
of
Glocester
,
Doctor
Whittington
,
after
she
was
burned
,
as
the
people
were
returning
homeward
,
a
Bull
brake
loose
from
a
Butcher
that
was
in
hand
to
have
killed
him
,
and
singled
out
Doctor
Whittington
from
all
the
Company
;
and
(
hurting
neither
old
nor
young
)
took
him
alone
,
gored
him
thorough
and
thorough
,
carrying
his
guts
upon
his
horns
all
the
streets
over
,
to
the
great
amazement
of
the
people
.
All
the
Arrears
of
mony
due
to
the
Pope
for
pardons
in
the
year
of
Jubilee
,
five
years
since
were
fully
collected
,
and
safely
returned
to
Rome
by
the
Popes
Officers
:
the
money
which
was
sent
last
thither
,
came
soon
enough
to
be
received
there
.
This
payment
was
the
last
in
this
kind
which
Rome
did
generally
receive
out
of
England
.
Meantime
the
King
did
share
with
the
Pope
,
to
connive
at
the
rest
,
he
had
a
part
allowed
to
him
.
Sir
Rich.
Baker's
Chron.
King
Henry
VII
.
died
of
a
Consumption
at
his
palace
of
Richmond
,
April
22.
1508.
Of
our
own
Country
there
lived
in
his
time
,
George
Ripley
.
a
Carmelite
Friar
of
Boston
,
who
wrote
divers
Treatises
in
the
Mathematiques
.
John
Rouse
,
born
in
Warwick-shire
,
a
diligent
searcher
of
Antiquities
.
Thomas
Scroop
entred
into
diverse
Orders
of
Religion
,
and
after
withdrew
himself
to
his
house
,
where
for
twenty
years
he
lived
the
life
of
an
Anchoret
;
and
after
coming
abroad
again
was
made
a
Bishop
in
Ireland
,
and
went
to
Rhodes
in
Ambassage
;
from
whence
being
returned
he
went
barefooted
up
and
down
in
Norfolk
teaching
the
ten
Commandments
,
and
lived
till
near
an
hundred
years
old
.
Now
also
lived
Robert
Fabian
,
a
Sheriff
of
London
,
and
Historiographer
.
Edmond
Dudley
,
who
wrote
a
book
Entitled
,
Arbor
Reipublicae
.
John
Bockingham
,
an
Excellent
School-man
.
And
William
Blackney
D.D.
a
Carmelite
Friar
,
and
a
Necromancer
.
Henry
VIII
.
succeeded
his
Father
.
On
June
3.
He
was
Married
to
the
Lady
Katherine
Dowager
,
formerly
wife
to
his
brother
Prince
Arthur
deceased
.
Pope
Julius
by
his
dispensation
,
removed
all
obstructions
,
against
the
Laws
of
God
or
man
,
hindering
or
opposing
the
said
Match
.
Cruelty
still
increased
on
the
poor
Lollards
(
as
they
were
called
)
after
abjuration
forced
to
wear
the
fashion
of
a
Faggot
wrought
in
thread
,
or
painted
on
their
sleeves
as
long
as
they
lived
,
it
being
death
to
put
on
their
clothes
without
that
cognizance
.
Their
case
was
sad
,
if
they
put
it
off
,
they
must
be
burned
,
if
they
put
it
on
,
they
must
be
starved
;
for
none
generally
would
set
them
on
work
that
wore
that
badge
.
On
this
account
were
William
Sweeting
,
and
James
Brewster
re-imprisoned
.
In
vain
did
Brewster
plead
,
that
he
was
commanded
to
leave
off
his
badge
,
by
the
Controller
of
the
Earl
of
Oxford's
house
.
And
as
little
did
Sweeting's
plea
prevail
,
that
the
Parson
of
Mary
Magdalen's
in
Colchester
,
caused
him
to
lay
his
faggot
aside
.
Soon
after
they
were
both
burnt
together
in
Smithfield
,
Anno
1511.
One
John
Brown
,
who
had
born
a
faggot
before
in
the
days
of
King
Henry
the
Seventh
,
was
burned
at
Ashford
in
Kent
for
the
Profession
of
the
Truth
,
condemned
by
Archbishop
Warham
,
first
having
had
his
Feet
burned
to
the
Bones
,
to
compel
him
to
deny
the
Truth
.
Richard
Hunn
,
a
wealthy
Citizen
of
London
,
imprisoned
in
Lollards
Tower
,
for
adhering
to
Wickliff's
Doctrine
,
had
his
neck
therein
secretly
broken
.
To
cover
their
cruelty
,
they
gave
it
out
,
that
he
hanged
himself
on
December
20.
1514.
the
dead
Body
of
the
said
Richard
Hunn
was
burnt
in
Smithfield
Sixteen
days
after
he
was
murdered
.
But
the
matter
having
been
fully
examined
by
the
Council
and
Judges
,
and
Justices
of
the
Realm
,
it
was
evidently
proved
,
that
Dr.
Horsey
the
Chancellor
,
Charles
Joseph
the
Sumner
,
and
John
Spalding
the
Bel-ringer
had
committed
the
Murder
.
Thomas
Man
and
John
Stileman
,
were
also
burned
in
Smithfield
.
Thomas
Man
confessed
,
he
had
converted
Seven
hundred
from
Popery
to
the
Truth
.
Robert
Cosin
was
also
condemned
,
and
burned
at
Buckingham
,
for
holding
against
Pilgrimages
,
Confession
to
Priests
,
and
Worshipping
of
Image
.
Christopher
Shoomaker
was
burned
at
Newbery
upon
the
like
account
.
Cardinal
Bainbrigg
,
Archbishop
of
York
,
being
then
at
Rome
,
was
so
highly
offended
with
Rivaldus
de
Modena
,
an
Italian
,
his
Steward
,
that
he
cudgelled
him
:
but
being
soon
after
poisoned
,
his
Body
was
buried
in
the
English
Hospital
at
Rome
.
Fuller
.
Church
Hist.
Richard
Fox
,
Bishop
of
Winchester
,
Founded
and
Endowed
Corpus
Christi-Colledge
in
Oxford
,
bestowing
thereon
Lands
to
the
yearly
value
of
Four
hundred
and
one
pounds
,
eight
shillings
and
two
pence
.
There
are
maintained
in
it
a
President
,
Twenty
Fellows
,
Twenty
Scholars
,
Two
Chaplains
,
Two
Clerks
,
and
Two
Choristers
,
besides
Officers
and
Servants
of
the
Foundation
,
with
other
Students
.
Hugh
Oldham
,
Bishop
of
Exeter
,
was
a
great
Benefactor
to
this
Colledge
.
Petrits
Chur.
Hist.
Anno
1519.
died
John
Colet
at
Shene
in
Surrey
,
he
had
learned
humane
Sciences
at
home
,
and
travelled
into
France
and
Italy
:
when
he
returned
,
be
studied
the
Scriptures
,
and
expounded
St.
Paul's
Epistles
publickly
at
Oxford
.
Henry
the
Seventh
promoted
him
to
the
Deanry
of
Pauls
:
He
professed
to
distast
many
things
that
he
had
heard
in
Sorbon
.
He
called
the
Scotists
men
without
judgement
,
and
the
Thomists
arrogant
.
He
said
,
He
reaped
more
fruit
by
the
Books
which
the
Doctors
of
Sorbon
called
Heretical
,
than
by
their
Books
that
were
full
of
divisions
and
definitions
,
and
were
most
approved
of
them
He
never
married
,
and
yet
regarded
not
Monks
without
Learning
.
In
his
Sermons
he
said
,
Images
should
not
be
Worshipped
,
and
Clerks
should
not
be
Covetous
.
Two
Friars
,
viz.
Bricot
and
Standish
accused
him
for
Heresie
unto
Richard
Fitz-James
Bishop
of
London
;
and
He
unto
the
Archbishop
first
,
and
then
unto
King
Henry
the
Eighth
.
But
both
the
King
and
the
Archbishop
became
his
Patrons
.
He
was
the
eldest
,
and
sole
surviving
child
of
Sir
Henry
Collet
Mercer
,
twice
Lord
Mayor
of
London
;
who
with
his
ten
Sons
and
as
many
Daughters
,
Stow's
Survay
,
p.
265.
were
depicted
in
a
Glass-window
on
the
North-side
of
St.
Anthonie's
(
corruptly
St.
Antlin's
)
to
which
Church
he
was
a
great
Benefactor
.
His
Son
John
Founded
the
Free-school
of
St.
Pauls
;
in
it
are
One
hundred
fifty
and
three
Scholars
,
whereof
every
year
some
appearing
most
pregnant
,
have
salaries
allowed
them
for
Seven
years
,
or
untill
they
get
better
preferment
in
the
University
,
or
in
the
Church
.
William
Lily
was
the
first
School-master
thereof
,
by
Colet's
own
appointment
.
An
excellent
Scholar
,
born
at
Odiam
in
Hamp-shire
,
and
afterward
he
went
on
Pilgrimage
to
Jerusalem
.
In
his
return
through
Italy
,
he
applyed
himself
to
his
Studies
.
His
Teachers
and
Instructers
were
John
Sulpitius
,
and
Pomponius
Sabinus
,
two
eminent
Criticks
.
Returning
home
into
his
native
Countrey
well
accomplished
with
Latin
,
Greek
,
and
all
Arts
and
Sciences
,
he
set
forth
a
Grammar
,
which
still
goes
under
his
Name
,
and
is
generally
taught
over
all
England
.
Anno
1517.
Luther
wrote
against
Popish
Indulgences
,
shewing
the
abuses
of
them
.
King
Henry
the
Eighth
,
set
forth
a
Book
against
Luther
,
endeavouring
the
Confutation
of
his
Opinions
,
as
novel
and
unsound
.
To
require
his
pains
,
the
Pope
honoured
him
and
his
Successors
with
a
specious
Title
,
Defender
of
the
Faith
.
Luther
sharply
answered
that
Book
.
Cardinal
Wolsey
was
now
the
Pope's
Legat
de
latere
,
by
vertue
whereof
he
visited
all
Churches
and
Religious
houses
,
even
the
Friars
observants
themselves
,
notwithstanding
their
stoutness
and
stubbornness
that
first
opposed
him
.
Papal
and
Royal
power
met
in
him
,
being
the
Chancellor
of
the
Land
;
and
keeping
so
many
Bishopricks
in
Commendam
,
his
yearly
income
is
said
to
equal
,
if
not
exceed
the
Revenues
of
the
Crown
.
Being
to
found
two
Colledges
,
he
seized
on
forty
small
Monasteries
,
turning
their
Inhabitants
out
of
House
and
home
,
and
converting
their
means
principally
to
a
Colledge
in
Oxford
.
This
alienation
was
confirmed
by
Pope
Clement
the
Seventh
,
so
that
in
some
sort
the
Pope
may
thank
himself
for
the
demolishing
of
Religious
houses
in
England
.
His
Colledge
in
Oxford
did
thrice
change
it's
name
in
seven
years
,
first
called
Cardinals
Colledge
,
then
King's
Colledge
;
and
at
last
Christ-church
,
which
it
retaineth
at
this
day
.
King
Henry
took
just
offence
that
the
Cardinal
set
his
own
Arms
above
the
King
's
on
thy
Gate-house
,
at
the
entrance
into
the
Colledge
.
There
have
been
maintained
in
this
Colledge
,
one
Dean
,
eight
Canons
,
three
publick
Professors
of
Divinity
,
Hebrew
,
and
Greek
,
sixty
Students
,
eight
Chaplains
,
eight
Singing-men
,
an
Organist
,
eight
Choristers
,
twenty
four
Almes-men
:
at
this
present
Students
of
all
sorts
,
with
Officers
and
Servants
of
the
Foundation
,
to
the
number
of
two
hundred
twenty
three
.
John
Higdon
,
first
Dean
of
this
Colledge
,
was
a
great
Persecutor
of
Protestants
,
viz.
-
John
Clark
,
-
John
Frith
,
-
Henry
Sumner
,
-
Baley
,
-
†
John
Fryer
,
-
Goodman
,
-
†
Nicholas
Harmar
,
-
†
Michael
Drumme
,
-
William
Betts
,
Such
whose
names
are
noted
with
a
Cross
,
did
afterwards
turn
zealous
Papists
.
-
Lawney
,
-
Richard
Cox
,
-
Richard
Taverner
.
All
these
were
for
their
Religion
imprisoned
in
a
deep
Cave
under
ground
,
where
the
Salt-fish
of
the
Colledge
was
kept
.
Some
of
them
died
soon
after
with
the
stench
thereof
,
and
others
escaped
with
great
difficulty
.
Taverner
was
well-skilled
in
Musick
,
on
which
account
he
escaped
,
though
vehemently
accused
,
the
Cardinal
pleading
for
him
,
that
he
was
but
a
Musitian
,
though
afterward
he
repented
to
have
set
Tunes
to
so
many
Popish
ditties
.
The
example
of
Wolsey's
haughtiness
,
Martin's
Chr.
in
Henry
8.
made
the
English
Clergy
so
proud
and
insolent
,
that
their
labours
formerly
applyed
to
the
studies
of
moral
vertues
,
and
of
Divinity
,
were
now
employed
to
devise
curious
fashions
in
their
behaviour
,
in
their
apparrel
,
and
in
their
diet
.
In
the
fifteenth
,
sixteenth
,
and
seventeenth
year
of
King
Henries
Reign
,
this
proud
Cardinal
(
under
colour
of
the
King
's
partaking
with
the
Emperor
in
his
Wars
against
the
French
King
)
of
his
own
authority
,
and
wi●hout
the
King's
commandement
,
granted
forth
Commissions
,
under
the
Great
Seal
of
England
,
into
every
Shire
and
Province
of
the
Kingdome
,
and
directed
them
unto
the
chiefest
men
.
And
therein
every
man
was
required
to
depose
the
true
value
of
their
Estates
;
and
then
of
every
fifty
pounds
there
was
demanded
four
shillings
in
the
pound
.
And
in
London
he
made
himself
the
chief
Commissioner
,
The
like
Commissions
he
granted
forth
against
all
the
Clergy
of
the
Land
,
of
whom
he
demanded
four
shillings
in
the
pound
of
all
their
livings
.
These
things
grieved
the
Clergy
and
Common
People
at
the
heart
.
The
Cardinal
perceiving
this
,
recalled
those
Commissions
,
and
sent
forth
others
,
which
also
being
not
endured
,
the
King
by
his
Letters
directed
into
every
County
,
commanded
a
present
cessation
of
all
executions
of
the
said
Commissions
,
and
protested
they
were
granted
forth
without
his
knowledge
or
consent
.
But
,
if
they
would
by
way
of
a
Benevolence
,
of
their
own
accord
,
enlarge
themselves
towards
him
,
he
would
take
it
as
an
infallible
proof
of
their
love
toward
him
.
The
Cardinal
now
resolved
to
revenge
himself
on
the
Emperor
Charles
the
Fifth
,
for
not
doing
him
right
,
and
improving
his
power
in
preferring
him
to
the
Papacy
,
according
to
his
promises
,
and
intends
to
smite
Charles
through
the
sides
of
his
Aunt
,
Katharine
,
Queen
of
England
,
endeavouring
to
alienate
the
King's
affections
from
her
.
Wolsey
now
put
this
scruple
into
the
head
of
Bishop
Longlands
,
the
King's
Confessor
,
and
he
insinuated
the
same
into
the
King's
Conscience
.
King
Henry
greedily
resented
the
motion
;
and
principles
of
pure
Conscience
puts
him
upon
endeavours
of
a
divorce
.
The
business
is
brought
into
the
Court
of
Rome
,
there
to
be
decided
by
Pope
Clement
the
Seventh
.
But
the
Pope
at
this
time
was
a
prisoner
to
the
Emperor
,
who
constantly
kept
a
guard
about
him
:
Yet
after
some
delay
,
the
Pope
dispatched
a
Commission
to
two
Cardinals
,
Wolsey
and
Campegius
,
an
Italian
,
to
hear
and
determine
the
matter
at
London
.
The
Pope
draws
back
the
cause
unto
himself
,
and
the
King
being
impatient
,
having
the
consent
of
both
Universities
,
as
also
of
that
of
Paris
,
he
forsaketh
Katharine
,
and
Marrieth
Anna
Bolen
,
Anno
1533.
And
in
the
year
1534.
he
denieth
obedience
to
the
Pope
,
and
chargeth
all
his
Subjects
,
that
they
send
no
Money
unto
Rome
,
nor
pay
Peter-pence
unto
any
of
the
Collectors
,
which
vexeth
the
Roman
Court.
Then
he
published
an
Edict
,
whereby
he
declares
himself
under
Christ
,
The
supreme
Head
of
the
Church
of
England
,
and
chargeth
upon
pain
of
Death
,
that
no
man
ascribe
any
Power
to
the
Pope
within
England
,
and
commandeth
all
the
Collectors
of
Peter-pence
to
be
gone
.
These
things
were
confirmed
by
the
Parliament
,
who
also
enacted
,
That
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
should
invest
all
the
Bishops
of
England
,
and
that
the
Church-men
shall
pay
to
the
King
yearly
one
hundred
and
fifty
thousand
pounds
for
defence
of
the
Kingdom
.
Wolsey
was
accused
in
Parliament
for
exercising
his
power
Legantine
without
leave
,
to
the
prejudice
of
the
King's
Crown
and
dignity
.
Mr.
Cromwel
,
Servant
to
the
Cardinal
,
being
a
Burgess
,
defendeth
his
Master
:
yet
were
all
his
goods
of
inestimable
value
confiscated
to
the
King
,
and
he
outed
of
most
of
his
Ecclesiastical
promotions
.
His
enemies
get
the
King
to
command
him
away
to
York
,
leaving
him
the
whole
revenues
of
York-Archbishoprick
(
then
worth
little
less
than
four
thousand
pounds
yearly
)
besides
a
large
pension
paid
him
out
of
the
Bishoprick
of
Winchester
.
As
he
was
preparing
there
in
a
Princely
Equipage
for
his
Installation
,
he
is
Arrested
by
the
Earl
of
Northumberland
,
by
Commission
from
the
King
,
in
his
own
Chamber
at
Cawood
.
By
slow
and
short
Journeys
he
setteth
forward
toward
London
,
and
coming
to
Leicester
he
died
,
where
he
was
obscurely
buried
.
Then
John
Fisher
,
Bishop
of
Rochester
,
was
imprisoned
for
refusing
the
Oath
of
Supremacy
.
The
Clergy
in
the
Province
of
York
did
a
long
time
deny
the
King's
Supremacy
.
Edward
Lee
,
Archbishop
of
York
,
fomented
this
difference
.
He
was
a
virulent
Papist
,
one
that
wrote
against
Erasmus
,
and
a
persecutor
of
Protestants
,
witness
John
Bale
,
Convented
before
him
for
suspition
of
Heresie
,
who
in
vain
pleaded
Scripture
,
in
his
own
defence
,
till
at
last
he
casually
made
use
of
a
distinction
out
of
Scotus
,
which
the
Archbishop
more
valued
,
than
all
which
he
had
before
more
pertinently
alledged
out
the
Old
and
New
Testament
.
The
King
wrote
a
fair
and
large
Letter
to
the
Convocation
of
York
,
claiming
nothing
more
than
what
Christian
Princes
in
the
Primitive
times
assumed
to
themselves
in
their
own
Dominions
,
so
that
it
seems
he
wrought
so
far
on
their
affections
,
that
at
last
they
consented
thereunto
.
Soon
after
the
Clergy
in
the
Convocation
so
submitted
themselves
to
the
King
,
that
each
one
severally
promised
,
in
verbo
Sacerdotis
,
never
henceforth
to
presume
to
Alledge
,
Claim
,
or
put
in
ure
any
new
Canons
,
unless
the
King
's
most
Royal
assent
might
be
had
unto
them
;
and
soon
after
the
same
was
ratified
by
Act
of
Parliament
.
After
the
Statute
of
Praemunire
was
made
(
which
did
much
restrain
the
Papal
power
,
and
subject
it
to
the
Laws
of
the
Land
)
Archbishops
called
no
more
Convocations
by
their
sole
and
absolute
command
,
but
at
the
pleasure
of
the
King
,
as
oft
as
his
necessities
and
occasions
with
the
distresses
of
the
Church
did
require
it
.
Yea
now
their
meetings
were
by
vertue
of
a
Writ
or
Precept
from
the
King
.
For
,
it
was
Enacted
in
the
Parliament
of
the
twenty
fifth
,
of
Henry
the
Eight
,
L.
Herbert's
Hist.
of
Hen.
8.
That
all
Convocations
shall
be
thenceforth
called
by
the
King
's
Writ
,
and
that
in
them
nothing
shall
be
promulged
or
executed
without
his
Highness
Licence
,
under
pain
of
imprisonment
of
the
Authors
,
and
Mulct
at
the
King's
will
.
And
that
his
Highness
shall
,
at
his
pleasure
,
appoint
thirty
two
men
,
to
survay
the
said
Canons
or
Constitutions
,
for
the
Confirmation
or
Abolition
of
the
same
.
And
as
concerning
Appeals
,
they
shall
be
made
from
inferiour
Courts
to
the
Archbishop's
,
and
for
lack
of
Justice
there
,
to
the
King's
Majesty
in
his
Court
of
Chancery
.
Bishop
Fisher
was
Arraigned
of
high
Treason
,
I
will
insert
the
Sting
of
the
indictment
out
of
the
Original
.
Diversis
Domini
Regis
veris
subditis
,
false
,
malitiose
,
&
proditorie
loquebatur
,
&
propalabat
,
viz.
The
King
owre
Sovereign
Lord
is
not
Supreme
Hed
yn
erthe
of
the
Cherche
of
England
.
In
dicti
Domini
Regis
immund
.
despect
.
&
vilipendium
manifest
.
Of
this
he
was
found
Guilty
,
had
Judgement
,
and
was
remanded
to
the
Tower
.
The
King
by
the
advice
and
consent
of
the
Clergy
,
in
Convocation
,
and
Great
Council
in
Parliament
,
resolved
to
reform
the
Church
,
under
his
inspection
from
gross
abuses
crept
into
it
.
Thomas
Hitten
,
a
Preacher
at
Maidstone
,
for
the
Testimony
of
the
Truth
,
after
long
Torments
and
sundry
imprisonments
,
by
William
Warham
Bishop
of
Canterbury
,
and
John
Fisher
,
Bishop
of
Rochester
,
was
burned
at
Maidstone
for
the
Testimony
of
the
Truth
,
Anno
1530.
In
the
year
1531.
Thomas
Bilney
of
Cambridge
,
Professor
of
both
Laws
,
converted
Thomas
Arthur
,
and
Mr.
Hugh
Latimer
,
then
Cross-bearer
at
Cambridge
,
on
procession
days
.
Afterwards
Bilney
recanted
,
but
for
the
space
of
two
years
after
his
abjuration
,
Bilney
lived
in
great
anguish
of
mind
:
and
repenting
,
Preached
publickly
the
Doctrine
which
he
before
abjured
.
He
was
afterwards
taken
,
condemned
,
and
burned
without
Bishops-gate
,
in
a
low
Valley
,
called
the
Lollards
pit
,
under
St.
Leonard's
Hill
.
Going
to
Execution
,
one
of
his
friends
wished
him
to
stand
sure
and
constant
:
to
whom
he
answered
,
That
whatsoever
storms
he
passed
in
this
venture
,
yet
shortly
after
,
my
Ship
,
saith
he
,
shall
be
in
the
Haven
.
There
came
forth
in
print
a
Book
called
,
The
Supplication
of
Beggars
,
made
by
Simon
Fish
,
which
Book
,
the
Lady
Anna
Bolen
delivered
to
the
King
,
who
gave
him
his
protection
.
Sir
Thomas
Moor
wrote
an
Answer
to
that
Book
,
under
the
Title
of
,
Poor
silly
Souls
pewling
out
of
Purgatory
;
to
which
John
Frith
made
a
pithy
and
effectual
Reply
.
Tindal's
Translation
of
the
New
Testament
came
forth
in
English
.
Richard
Bayfield
suffered
for
the
truth
,
and
was
burned
in
Smithfield
.
He
was
sometime
a
Monk
of
Surrey
,
and
converted
by
Doctor
Barnes
.
After
him
John
Tewksbury
was
burned
in
Smithfield
.
Valentine
Freese
,
and
his
Wife
,
gave
their
Lives
at
one
Stake
for
the
testimony
of
the
Truth
.
Afterwards
,
the
Bishops
,
which
had
burned
Tindal's
Testaments
,
were
enjoyned
by
the
King
to
cause
a
new
Translation
to
be
made
,
but
they
did
nothing
at
all
.
And
on
the
contrary
,
the
Bishop
of
London
caused
all
the
translations
of
Tindal
,
and
many
other
Books
which
he
had
bought
,
to
be
burnt
in
Paul's
Church-yard
.
James
Bainham
,
a
Gentleman
of
the
Middle-Temple
,
was
put
in
a
Prison
in
Sir
Thomas
Moore
's
House
,
and
whipped
at
a
Tree
in
his
Garden
,
called
The
tree
of
Truth
,
and
was
by
him
afterward
sent
to
the
Tower
to
be
racked
:
by
racking
he
was
lamed
,
because
he
would
not
accuse
the
Gentlemen
of
the
Temple
of
his
acquaintance
,
nor
shew
where
his
Books
lay
.
He
abjured
,
had
his
liberty
,
but
he
asked
God
and
the
world
forgiveness
,
before
the
Congregation
in
those
dayes
,
in
a
Ware-house
in
Bow-lane
.
And
immediately
the
next
Sunday
after
,
he
came
to
St.
Austin's
,
with
the
New
Testament
in
his
hand
in
English
;
and
the
obedience
of
a
Christian-man
in
his
bosom
,
and
there
with
tears
declared
before
the
people
,
that
he
had
denied
God
,
and
prayed
the
people
to
forgive
and
beware
of
his
weakness
.
He
was
shortly
after
apprehended
,
Fox
Acts
and
Monuments
.
and
committed
to
the
Tower
of
London
,
and
after
three
appearances
,
he
was
condemned
,
and
burnt
in
Smithfield
.
About
this
time
John
Benet
,
a
Tailor
,
was
burnt
at
the
Devizes
in
Wilt-shire
,
for
denying
the
Sacrament
of
the
Altar
.
In
the
year
1532.
Robert
King
,
Nicholas
Marsh
,
and
Robert
Gardiner
,
men
of
Dedham
,
and
one
Robert
Debnam
,
had
overthrown
and
burned
the
Rood
of
Dover-court
,
ten
miles
from
Dedham
:
for
which
fact
,
half
a
year
after
,
they
were
hanged
in
Chains
.
King
at
Burchet
in
Dedham
,
Debnam
at
Cattaway-causey
,
Marsh
at
Dover-court
.
Gardiner
escaped
and
fled
.
Many
Images
were
cast
down
,
and
destroyed
in
many
places
.
As
the
Crucifix
by
Coggeshal
in
the
High-way
.
St.
Petronel
in
the
Church
of
Great
Horksleigh
;
St.
Christopher
by
Sudbury
;
St.
Petronel
in
a
Chappel
by
Ipswich
:
Also
John
Seward
,
of
Dedham
,
overthrew
a
Cross
in
Stokepark
,
and
took
two
Images
out
of
a
Chappel
in
the
same
Park
,
and
cast
them
into
the
water
.
John
Frith
,
who
was
first
a
Student
in
Cambridge
,
and
afteward
one
of
those
whom
Cardinal
Wolsey
gathered
together
to
furnish
his
new
Colledge
,
was
condemned
by
the
Bishop
of
London
,
and
was
burnt
in
Smithfield
.
Great
was
his
learning
,
gravity
and
constancy
,
though
but
six
and
twenty
years
of
age
.
With
Frith
was
Andrew
Hewet
burned
,
after
he
had
given
testimony
to
the
truth
.
Thomas
Benet
,
a
Schoolmaster
,
of
fifty
years
of
age
,
born
in
Cambridge
,
was
burned
at
Exeter
.
Divers
others
were
condemned
to
perpetual
prison
.
During
the
time
of
Queen
Anne
,
no
great
persecution
,
nor
abjuration
was
in
the
Church
of
England
.
Sir
Thomas
Moore
,
Doctor
Nicholas
Wilson
,
and
Bishop
Fisher
,
refused
the
Oath
to
the
Act
of
Succession
,
made
Anno
1534.
and
Sir
Thomas
Moor
,
and
Doctor
Wilson
,
were
also
sent
to
the
Tower
.
The
Doctor
dissembled
the
matter
,
and
so
escaped
,
but
the
other
two
remained
obstinate
.
On
November
the
third
this
Parliament
was
again
assembled
,
in
which
the
Pope
and
Cardinals
with
his
Pardons
and
Indulgences
,
were
wholly
abolished
:
to
the
abolition
of
which
,
and
to
the
ratifying
of
the
King's
Title
of
Supreme
Head
,
Stephen
Gardiner
gave
his
Oath
;
so
did
John
Stokesley
,
Bishop
of
London
,
Edward
Lee
,
Archbishop
of
York
,
Cuthbert
,
Bishop
of
Durham
,
and
all
the
rest
of
the
Bishops
in
like
sort
:
to
this
Title
also
agreed
the
sentence
of
the
University
of
Cambridge
.
Edmond
Bonner
,
then
Archdeacon
of
Leicester
,
was
also
of
the
same
judgment
.
To
this
also
agreed
the
whole
Clergy
of
the
Church
of
England
,
and
subscribed
with
the
hands
of
the
Bishops
,
and
other
learned
Men
,
to
the
number
of
forty
six
Doctors
of
Divinity
,
and
of
both
Laws
.
Polydor
Virgil
,
who
being
sent
into
England
,
had
been
the
Pope's
Collector
General
of
the
Peter-pence
,
exacting
them
in
the
notion
of
a
Rent
and
Tribute
due
to
the
Pope
his
Master
,
was
made
Archdeacon
of
Taunton
,
and
Dignitary
of
the
Cathedral
Church
of
Wells
,
on
the
Quire
whereof
he
bestowed
Hangings
flourished
with
the
Lawrel-tree
,
and
wrote
upon
them
.
Sunt
Polydori
munera
Virgilii
.
He
wrote
a
Latin
History
of
Britain
,
until
the
year
of
our
Lord
1533.
out
of
many
rare
Manuscripts
which
he
had
collected
together
.
Anno
1535.
John
Fisher
,
Bishop
of
Rochester
,
was
beheaded
,
soon
after
the
Pope
had
made
him
Cardinal
of
St.
Vitalis
.
He
was
Chaplain
and
Confessor
to
the
Lady
Margaret
,
Countess
of
Richmond
,
at
whose
Instance
,
and
by
whose
advice
,
she
founded
,
and
endowed
Christ's
and
St.
John's
Colledge
in
Cambridge
.
He
died
in
the
seventy
seventh
year
of
his
Age
,
on
June
22.
Sir
Thomas
Moor
was
beheaded
the
next
month
after
Bishop
Fisher
,
and
was
buried
at
Chelsey
.
He
was
a
great
Enemy
to
the
Protestants
.
On
June
the
eighth
began
a
Parliament
,
which
was
dissolved
on
July
the
eighteenth
following
.
A
parallel
Convocation
began
the
day
after
,
wherein
the
Lord
Cromwel
,
Prime
Secretary
,
sate
in
State
above
all
the
Bishops
,
as
the
King's
Vicar
,
or
Vicegerent
General
in
all
Spiritual
matters
.
Deformi
satis
spectaculo
(
saith
Bishop
Godwin
Godwin
●
Annals
.
Anno
1536.
)
indocto
Laico
caetui
Praesidente
Sacratorum
Antistitum
,
omnium
,
quos
ante
haec
tempora
Anglia
unquam
habuisset
,
doctissimorum
.
But
the
Lord
Cromwel
had
in
Power
and
Policy
what
he
wanted
in
Learning
.
In
that
Convocation
the
said
Lord
tendered
unto
them
an
Instrument
to
be
publickly
signed
by
all
the
Convocation
,
concerning
the
nullity
of
the
King's
Marriage
with
the
Lady
Anna
Bolen
.
Some
ten
dayes
before
Archbishop
Cranmer
had
pronounced
it
invalid
,
frustrate
,
and
of
none
effect
at
Lambeth
.
No
particular
cause
is
specified
in
that
sentence
.
Sure
I
am
!
there
is
no
dashing
on
the
credit
of
the
Lady
,
nor
any
the
least
insinuation
of
unchastity
in
that
Instrument
.
Praeclara
Domina
,
&
Serenissima
Regina
,
being
the
worst
Titles
that
are
given
her
therein
.
King
Henry
got
her
Divorce
confirmed
both
by
Convocation
and
Parliament
.
She
was
beheaded
May
19.
1536.
The
King
on
the
next
day
was
married
to
the
Lady
Iane
Seymour
.
Soon
after
by
little
and
little
began
the
ruine
of
the
Abbeys
and
Religious
Houses
,
for
all
Religious
Houses
,
whose
possessions
in
yearly
revenue
exceeded
not
the
sum
of
two
hundred
pounds
,
were
suppressed
and
dissolved
,
and
all
their
Sites
and
Possessions
whatsoever
were
given
for
ever
to
the
King
.
The
Clergy
also
at
the
same
time
,
of
their
own
accord
,
and
to
insinuate
themselves
into
grace
and
favour
with
the
King
,
composed
and
published
in
printed
Books
,
certain
Articles
,
for
the
ordering
and
governing
of
the
Church
,
in
which
mention
was
made
of
three
Sacraments
only
,
and
the
rest
of
them
(
which
former
times
did
superstitiously
receive
and
maintain
)
were
left
out
of
the
said
Books
.
These
proceedings
of
the
King
and
Clergy
against
the
Pope
and
Holy
Church
,
were
so
generally
disliked
by
the
rude
and
ignorant
people
,
that
they
openly
affirmed
,
that
the
King's
Council
irreligiously
directed
him
amiss
,
and
that
the
temporizing
Clergy
of
the
Land
practised
by
all
means
possible
,
to
extinguish
all
Devotion
,
and
utterly
to
subvert
all
the
ancient
Rites
,
Ceremonies
,
and
commendable
Government
of
the
Church
.
And
the
unruly
people
in
Lincoln-shire
,
to
the
number
of
twenty
thousand
,
assembled
themselves
in
Arms
,
taking
upon
themselves
to
frame
better
Orders
for
the
governing
of
the
Church
and
Common-wealth
.
But
the
King
approaching
near
them
with
an
Army
,
they
ran
away
,
and
Doctor
Mackarel
,
their
Ring-leader
,
with
some
others
,
were
shortly
after
apprehended
and
executed
.
Then
there
arose
another
Insurrection
in
the
No●●●
,
and
the
number
of
those
Rebels
exceeded
the
number
of
forty
thousand
men
,
who
termed
themselves
,
The
holy
Pilgrims
,
who
intended
nothing
,
but
the
establishing
of
true
Religion
,
and
the
reformation
of
great
abuses
,
which
defaced
the
Government
of
the
Church
.
The
King's
Army
drawing
near
(
upon
the
faithful
promise
of
the
Dukes
of
Norfolk
,
and
Suffolk
,
that
commanded
his
Army
,
that
the
King
should
pardon
them
)
the
Rebels
left
the
field
,
and
quietly
departed
to
their
own
houses
.
Now
the
King
waxed
more
absolute
in
his
Government
,
especially
concerning
his
Clergy
,
and
the
ordering
of
the
Church
.
William
Tindal
,
who
translated
the
New
Testament
in
English
,
and
the
five
Books
of
Moses
,
with
many
other
godly
Works
,
was
burned
at
the
Town
of
Filford
in
Flaunders
,
by
vertue
of
the
Emperors
Decree
,
made
in
the
Assembly
at
Ausburgh
.
He
was
first
strangled
,
and
after
consumed
with
fire
.
At
the
Stake
he
cried
with
a
loud
voice
,
Lord
open
the
King
of
England
's
eyes
.
The
King
began
with
a
little
Book
of
Articles
,
for
the
instruction
of
the
people
,
bearing
this
Title
,
Articles
,
devised
by
the
King's
Highness
,
to
establish
Christian
quiet
and
unity
among
the
people
.
It
contained
the
Creed
,
three
Sacramen●s
,
Baptism
,
the
Eucharist
,
and
Penance
,
how
Images
might
safely
be
worshipped
,
and
how
Saints
departed
ought
to
be
reverenced
;
that
the
Parsons
should
teach
their
people
,
that
Christ
is
their
only
Mediator
,
and
how
the
Ceremonies
of
holy
Water
,
holy
Bread
,
Candles
,
&c.
should
without
superstition
be
used
.
It
took
away
also
the
abuses
which
arose
upon
the
imagination
of
Purgatory
,
as
Masses
for
Souls
departed
,
Pardons
,
&c.
Not
long
after
these
Articles
,
certain
other
Injunctions
were
also
given
out
about
the
same
year
:
whereby
a
number
of
Holy-dayes
were
abrogated
,
especially
such
as
fell
in
Harvest-time
.
Other
Injunctions
were
also
given
out
by
the
King
concerning
Images
,
Relicks
,
and
blind
Miracles
:
for
abrogating
of
Pilgrimages
.
Also
for
the
Lord's
Prayer
,
Creed
,
and
ten
Commandements
,
and
the
Bible
to
be
done
into
English
.
Anno
1538
,
the
Parsons
of
Churches
,
and
the
Parishes
together
,
were
bound
to
provide
in
every
Parish
Church
a
Bible
in
English
.
Also
for
every
Parishioner
to
be
taught
by
the
Minister
,
to
understand
and
say
the
Lord's
Prayer
and
Creed
in
their
own
vulgar
tongue
,
with
other
necessary
Injunctions
,
as
for
the
free
preaching
of
the
Word
of
God
,
against
Images
,
Pilgrimages
,
Avies
,
Suffrages
of
Saints
,
&c.
and
for
a
Register-book
to
be
kept
in
every
Church
.
This
year
was
Friar
Forrest
burned
quick
,
hanging
in
Chains
in
Smithfield
,
for
denying
the
King's
Supremacy
:
with
this
Forrest
was
Darvel
Gatheren
,
an
abominable
Idol
of
Wales
,
burned
.
Great
was
the
King's
profit
at
this
time
from
the
Office
for
the
receipt
of
Tenths
and
First-fruits
,
The
First-fruits
Office
first
set
up
in
London
.
which
was
now
first
set
up
in
London
.
Such
moneys
were
formerly
paid
to
the
Pope
,
who
had
his
Collectors
in
every
Diocess
,
which
sometimes
by
Bills
of
Exchange
,
but
generally
in
specie
(
to
the
great
impoverishing
of
the
Land
)
yearly
returned
the
Tenths
and
First-fruits
of
the
English
Clergy
to
Rome
.
The
Pope
being
now
dead
in
England
,
the
King
was
found
his
Heir
at
Common
Law
,
as
to
most
of
the
power
and
profit
the
other
had
usurped
.
But
now
as
the
Clergy
had
changed
their
Landlord
,
so
their
Rents
were
new
rated
,
Commissioners
being
employed
in
all
Counties
(
the
Bishop
of
the
Diocess
being
alwayes
one
of
them
)
to
value
their
yearly
Revenue
,
that
so
their
Tenths
and
First-fruits
may
be
proportioned
accordingly
.
These
Raters
were
the
chiefest
in
all
Counties
under
the
degrees
of
Barons
.
These
Commissioners
were
impowred
by
the
King
,
to
send
for
the
Scribes
and
Notaries
of
all
Bishops
and
Archdeacons
,
to
swear
the
Receivers
,
and
Auditors
of
Incumbents
,
to
view
their
Register-books
,
Fuller
.
Church
history
.
Easter-books
,
and
all
other
Writings
,
and
to
use
all
other
wayes
to
know
the
full
value
of
Ecclesiastical
preferments
,
with
the
number
and
names
of
persons
enjoying
the
same
.
They
were
to
divide
themselves
by
Three
and
Three
,
allotting
to
every
number
so
many
Deaneries
,
and
to
enquire
the
number
and
names
of
all
Abbies
,
Monasteries
,
Priories
,
Brotherships
,
Sisterships
,
Fellowships
,
&c.
Houses
Religious
and
Conventual
,
as
well
CHARTER-HOVSE
as
others
(
these
Carthusians
being
specified
by
name
,
because
pretending
priviledge
of
Papal
exemption
)
and
meeting
together
to
certifie
into
the
Exchequer
(
at
the
time
limited
in
their
Commission
)
the
true
value
of
such
places
or
preferments
.
This
work
took
up
some
years
in
the
effecting
thereof
;
Devon-shire
and
Sommerset
were
done
in
the
twenty
seventh
;
Stafford-shire
,
and
many
other
Counties
,
in
the
thirty
fourth
year
of
King
Henry
the
Eighth
,
and
most
of
Wales
not
till
the
Reign
of
King
Edward
the
Sixth
.
In
Ireland
the
Commissioners
found
the
work
so
troublesome
,
that
they
never
came
into
the
County
of
Kerrey
,
the
South-West
extremity
of
that
Island
,
so
that
the
Clergy
thereof
are
put
into
their
Benefices
without
any
payments
.
But
in
England
all
were
unpartially
rated
,
and
Vicaridges
valued
very
high
,
according
to
their
present
Revenue
,
by
personal
Requisites
.
Idem
ibid.
In
that
Age
he
generally
was
the
richest
Shepherd
that
had
the
greatest
Flock
,
where
Oblations
from
the
living
,
and
Obits
for
the
dead
(
as
certainly
paid
as
predial
Tithes
)
much
advanced
their
Income
.
In
consideration
whereof
Vicaridges
(
mostly
lyinig
in
Market-Towns
and
populous
Parishes
)
were
set
very
high
,
though
soon
after
those
obventions
sunk
with
superstition
.
And
the
Vicars
,
in
vain
,
desired
a
proportionable
abatement
in
the
King's
Books
;
which
once
drawn
up
,
were
no
more
to
be
altered
.
Now
Queen
Mary
did
by
Act
of
Parliament
,
exonerate
,
acquit
,
and
discharge
the
Clergy
from
all
First-fruits
.
As
for
Tenths
,
the
same
Statute
ordered
them
to
be
paid
to
Cardinal
Pool
,
who
from
the
same
was
to
pay
the
Pensions
allowed
to
Monks
and
Nuns
by
her
Father
at
the
dissolution
of
Abbeys
:
yet
so
,
that
when
such
persons
,
who
were
but
few
and
aged
,
(
all
named
in
a
Deed
indented
)
should
decease
,
all
such
payments
of
the
Clergy
,
reserved
Nomine
Decimae
,
should
cease
,
and
be
extinct
for
ever
.
But
her
Sister
,
Queen
Elizabeth
,
Vide
Statut.
1
Eliz.
cap.
4.
succeeding
her
,
was
exact
to
have
her
Dues
from
the
Clergy
.
Sir
Christopher
Hatton
,
who
was
Master
of
this
First-fruits
Office
,
was
much
indebted
to
her
for
Moneys
received
.
All
which
Arrears
her
Majesty
required
so
severely
and
suddenly
from
him
,
that
the
grief
thereof
cost
him
his
life
.
I
say
,
this
Queen
,
in
the
first
of
her
Reign
,
resumed
First-fruits
and
Tenths
,
only
with
this
case
,
to
Parsonages
not
exceeding
ten
Marks
,
and
Vicaridges
ten
pounds
,
that
they
should
be
freed
from
First-fruits
.
In
the
months
of
October
and
November
,
Anno
1538.
the
Abbeys
and
Monasteries
in
England
were
dissolved
.
Cromwel
being
made
General
Visitor
,
employed
Richard
Layton
,
Thomas
Lee
,
William
Detre
,
Doctors
of
the
Law
,
Doctor
John
London
,
Dean
of
Wallingford
,
with
others
,
giving
them
instruction
,
in
eighty
six
Articles
,
for
visiting
Monasteries
every
where
,
by
which
they
were
to
enquire
into
the
government
,
behaviour
,
and
education
of
the
persons
of
both
Sexes
:
to
find
out
all
their
offences
,
and
to
this
purpose
give
them
encouragements
,
to
accuse
both
their
Governors
,
and
each
other
.
To
command
them
to
exhibit
their
Mortmains
,
Lord
Herbert
in
vit.
Henr.
8.
Evidences
,
and
Conveyances
of
their
Lands
:
to
produce
their
Plate
and
Money
,
and
give
an
Inventory
thereof
.
The
King
also
gave
forth
Injunctions
to
be
observed
,
some
tending
to
the
establishing
of
his
Supremacy
:
Some
touching
the
good
Government
of
the
Houses
.
As
that
no
Brother
go
out
of
the
Precinct
.
That
there
be
but
one
entrance
.
That
no
Woman
frequent
the
Monks
,
nor
any
Man
the
Nuns
,
&c.
And
some
for
Education
:
As
that
a
Divinity-lecture
be
every
where
read
and
frequented
.
That
the
Abbot
daily
expound
some
part
of
the
Rule
of
their
Order
,
shewing
yet
,
that
these
Ceremonies
are
but
Introductions
to
Religion
,
which
consisteth
not
in
Apparel
,
shaven
Heads
,
&c.
but
in
purity
of
mind
.
That
none
shall
profess
,
or
wear
the
Habit
,
till
twenty
four
years
of
age
.
That
no
feigned
Relicks
,
or
Miracles
be
shewed
:
no
Offerings
to
Images
,
&c.
Lee
,
and
the
rest
at
their
return
,
gave
that
account
of
their
feigned
Miracles
and
Relicks
,
as
well
as
sinful
and
sluggish
life
of
the
Religious
Orders
,
as
not
only
Cromwel
said
,
their
Houses
should
be
thrown
down
to
the
foundation
;
but
the
whole
Body
of
the
Kingdom
,
when
it
was
published
to
them
,
became
so
scandalized
thereat
,
as
they
resolve
,
if
the
King
ever
put
it
into
their
hands
,
to
give
remedy
thereunto
.
Yet
were
not
all
alike
criminal
,
for
some
Societies
behaved
themselves
so
well
,
as
their
life
being
not
only
exempt
from
notorious
faults
,
but
their
spare
times
bestowed
in
writing
Books
,
Painting
,
Carving
,
Graving
,
and
the
like
Exercises
,
their
Visitors
became
Intercessors
for
them
.
But
these
being
not
many
,
were
at
last
involved
in
the
common
fate
.
Not
long
after
this
,
the
King
caused
all
Colledges
,
Chantries
,
and
Hospitals
,
to
be
visited
,
not
omitting
to
take
a
particular
survey
of
all
the
Revenues
and
Dignities
Ecclesiastical
within
his
Kingdom
;
which
was
returned
to
him
in
a
Book
,
to
be
kept
in
the
Exchequer
.
Then
King
Henry
sent
Fox
,
Bishop
of
Hereford
,
to
the
Protestant
Princes
in
Germany
,
assembled
at
Smalcald
,
to
exhort
them
to
an
unity
in
Doctrine
,
wherein
he
offered
his
assistance
by
conference
with
their
Divines
.
Immediately
after
the
ruine
of
Monasteries
,
in
the
Month
of
November
followed
the
condemnation
of
John
Lambert
,
that
faithful
Servant
of
Christ
.
On
a
set
day
Lambert
was
brought
forth
,
where
he
had
not
only
the
King
's
fierce
countenance
against
him
,
but
also
ten
Disputers
against
him
,
from
twelve
of
the
clock
till
five
at
night
,
among
which
were
the
Archbishop
,
Stephen
Gardiner
,
C.
Tunstal
,
Bishop
of
Durham
,
and
J.
Stokesley
,
Bishop
of
London
.
Through
Winchester's
perswasion
,
to
gratifie
the
people
,
the
King
himself
condemned
Lambert
,
and
commanded
Cromwel
to
read
the
Sentence
.
He
was
burned
in
Smithfield
,
where
he
suffered
most
horrible
torments
before
he
expired
.
The
King
,
after
the
burning
of
many
Images
,
caused
the
bones
of
Thomas
Becket
,
Archbishop
in
the
time
of
Henry
the
Second
,
to
be
burned
.
He
also
seized
on
that
immense
Treasure
and
Jewels
that
were
offered
to
his
Shrine
;
there
being
few
,
since
the
time
of
Henry
the
Second
,
that
passed
to
Canterbury
,
that
did
not
both
visit
his
Tomb
,
and
bring
rich
Presents
to
it
.
Among
which
there
being
one
Stone
eminent
,
which
,
it
was
said
,
Lewis
the
Seventh
,
coming
hither
on
Pilgrimage
from
France
,
Anno
Dom.
1179.
bestowed
:
Our
King
wore
it
in
a
Ring
afterwards
.
The
number
of
Monasteries
,
first
and
last
,
suppressed
in
England
and
Wales
,
were
(
as
Mr.
Camden
Camd.
Erit
.
accounts
them
)
six
hundred
forty
five
;
whereof
these
had
voices
among
the
Peers
.
The
Abbot
of
St.
Albans
,
declared
the
first
Abbey
of
England
:
St
Peters
in
Westminster
,
St.
Bennet
of
Holm
,
Berdsey
,
Shrewsbury
,
Crowland
,
Abingdon
,
Evesham
,
Glocester
,
Ramsey
,
St.
Maries
in
York
,
Tewksbury
,
Reading
,
Battel
,
Winchcomb
,
Hide
by
Winchester
,
Cirencester
,
Waltham
,
Malmesbury
,
Thorney
,
St.
Augustine
in
Canterbury
,
Selby
,
Peterborough
,
St
John's
in
Colchester
,
Coventry
,
Tavestock
.
Of
Colledges
were
demolished
,
in
divers
Shires
,
ninety
.
Of
Chauntries
,
and
Fire-chappels
,
two
thousand
three
hundred
seventy
four
;
and
Hospitals
one
hundred
and
ten
;
the
yearly
value
of
all
which
were
,
one
hundred
sixty
one
thousand
,
one
hundred
pounds
,
being
above
a
third
part
of
all
our
spiritual
Revenues
,
besides
the
money
made
of
the
present
stock
of
Cattle
and
Corn
,
of
the
Timber
,
Lead
,
Bells
,
&c.
and
lastly
,
but
chiefly
of
the
Plate
and
Ornaments
,
which
was
not
valued
,
but
may
be
conjectured
by
that
one
Monastery
of
St.
Edmond's-bury
,
whence
was
taken
five
thousand
Marks
of
Gold
and
Silver
,
besides
Stones
of
great
value
.
But
the
King
not
only
augmented
the
number
of
the
Colledges
and
Professors
in
his
Universities
,
L.
Herbert's
Hist.
of
Hen.
8.
but
erected
,
out
of
the
Revenues
gotten
hereby
,
divers
new
Bishopricks
,
whereof
one
at
Westminster
,
one
at
Oxford
,
one
at
Peterborough
,
one
at
Bristol
,
one
at
Chester
,
and
one
at
Glocester
;
all
remaining
at
this
day
,
save
that
at
Westminster
:
which
being
revoked
to
its
first
Institution
,
by
Queen
Mary
,
and
Benedictines
placed
in
it
,
was
,
by
Queen
Elizabeth
afterward
,
converted
to
a
Collegiate-church
,
and
a
School
for
the
teaching
and
maintenance
of
young
Scholars
.
Besides
many
of
the
ancient
Cathedral-churches
,
formerly
possessed
by
Monks
only
,
were
now
supplied
with
Canons
,
and
some
new
ones
erected
and
endowed
;
the
Revenues
allotted
by
the
King
to
those
new
Bishopricks
,
and
Cathedrals
,
amounting
to
about
eight
thousand
pounds
per
Annum
.
Besides
,
the
King
in
demolishing
the
Abbies
,
did
not
only
prefer
divers
Learned
men
which
he
found
there
,
but
took
special
care
to
preserve
the
choicest
Books
of
their
well-furnished
Libraries
,
wherein
John
Leland
,
a
curious
searcher
of
Antiquities
,
was
employed
.
Martin's
Chronic.
in
Hen.
8.
These
Houses
,
Sites
,
Possessions
,
were
by
the
Parliament
setled
on
the
King
,
who
(
to
prevent
the
future
restoring
of
them
back
again
to
their
former
uses
)
exchanged
them
liberally
for
other
Lands
with
the
Nobles
and
Gentry
of
his
Realm
,
many
of
whose
Estates
at
this
day
do
wholly
consist
of
Possessions
of
that
nature
,
or
else
are
greatly
advanced
by
those
Lands
.
A
Match
being
made
up
betwixt
King
Henry
,
and
the
Lady
Anne
of
Cleeve
,
by
the
Lord
Cromwel's
contrivance
,
many
Dutch-men
flocked
into
England
,
whose
heads
were
busied
about
points
of
Divinity
,
whilst
their
hands
were
busied
about
their
Manufactures
.
Soon
after
they
broached
their
strange
Opinions
,
being
branded
with
the
general
name
of
Anabaptists
.
This
year
1539.
their
name
first
appears
in
our
English
Chronicles
:
Stow's
Chron.
p.
576.
for
I
read
,
that
four
Anabaptists
,
three
Men
,
and
one
Woman
,
all
Dutch
,
bear
Faggots
at
Paul's
Cross
,
and
three
dayes
after
a
Man
and
Woman
,
of
their
Sect
,
were
burnt
in
Smithfield
.
The
King
liked
not
Anne
of
Cleeve
,
who
was
a
very
vertuous
Lady
,
but
in
her
countenance
not
well
composed
,
fair
,
nor
lovely
.
Some
feminine
impotency
was
objected
against
her
,
though
only
her
precontract
with
the
Son
of
the
Duke
of
Lorrain
was
publickly
insisted
on
,
for
which
,
by
Act
of
Parliament
now
sitting
,
she
was
solemnly
divorced
.
And
the
Bishops
and
Clergy
of
this
Land
,
in
their
solemn
Convocation
,
published
an
authentical
Instrument
in
writing
,
under
the
Seals
of
the
two
Archbishops
,
That
the
King's
Marriage
with
the
said
Lady
Anne
of
Cleve
was
void
,
and
of
none
effect
.
From
thenc
forth
the
King
frowneth
upon
the
Lord
Cromwel
.
Then
the
six
Articles
,
called
by
some
,
The
bloody
Statute
,
by
others
,
The
Whip
with
six
strings
,
by
the
perswasion
of
Bishop
Gardiner
(
in
defiance
of
Archbishop
Cranmer
,
and
the
Lord
Cromwel
,
opposing
it
)
was
enacted
,
being
-
I.
That
in
the
Sacrament
of
the
Altar
,
after
Consecration
,
no
substance
of
Bread
or
Wine
remaineth
,
but
the
natural
Body
and
Blood
of
Christ
.
-
II.
That
the
Communion
in
both
kinds
is
not
necessary
,
ad
salutem
,
by
the
Law
of
God
to
all
persons
.
-
III.
That
Priests
,
after
Orders
received
,
may
not
marry
by
the
Law
of
God
.
-
IV.
That
Vows
of
Castity
ought
to
be
observed
.
-
V.
That
it
is
meet
and
necessary
,
that
private
Masses
be
admitted
and
continued
in
Churches
.
-
VI.
That
Auricular
confession
must
be
frequented
by
people
,
as
necessary
to
Salvation
.
The
Lord
Cromwel
was
soon
after
arrested
,
and
ten
dayes
after
his
Arrest
,
he
was
attainted
of
High-treason
in
Parliament
,
and
he
,
with
the
Lord
Hongerford
,
the
next
week
after
,
was
beheaded
on
Tower-hill
.
After
the
execution
of
the
Lord
Cromwel
,
the
Parliament
still
sitting
,
a
motly
Execution
happened
in
Smithfield
:
three
Papists
hanged
by
the
Statute
,
for
denying
the
King's
Supremacy
,
viz.
-
Edward
Powel
.
-
Thomas
Abley
.
-
Richard
Fetherston
.
And
as
many
Protestants
burned
at
the
same
time
and
place
,
by
vertue
of
the
six
Articles
,
viz.
-
Robert
Barnes
,
Doctor
of
Divinity
.
-
Thomas
Gerard
,
Batchelors
of
Divinity
.
-
William
Jerom
,
Batchelors
of
Divinity
.
This
was
caused
by
the
difference
of
Religions
in
the
King
's
Privy
Council
,
wherein
the
Popish
party
called
for
the
execution
of
these
Protestants
,
whilst
the
Protestant
Lords
in
the
Council
,
cried
as
fast
,
that
the
Laws
might
take
effect
upon
the
Papists
.
In
the
Parliament
a
Statute
was
made
,
A
Statute
made
for
the
recovery
of
Tithes
.
32
Hen.
8.
c.
7.
commanding
every
man
,
Fully
,
truly
,
and
effectually
to
divide
,
set
out
,
yield
,
or
pay
all
and
singular
Tithes
and
Offerings
,
according
to
the
lawful
customs
and
usages
of
the
Parishes
and
places
where
such
Tithes
,
or
Duties
,
shall
grow
,
arise
,
come
,
or
be
due
.
And
remedy
is
given
for
Ecclesiastick
persons
before
the
Ordinary
;
and
for
Lay-men
,
that
claimed
appropriated
Tithes
by
grant
from
the
Crown
,
in
the
secular
Courts
,
by
such
Actions
,
as
usually
Lay-possessions
had
been
subject
to
.
This
Statute
,
in
favour
of
Lay
impropriators
,
was
beneficial
to
the
Clergy
,
to
recover
their
Predial
Tithes
at
Common
Law
.
A
Statute
also
was
made
,
That
it
was
lawful
for
all
persons
to
contract
marriage
,
who
are
not
prohibited
by
the
Law
of
God
:
for
after
the
time
of
Pope
Gregory
,
other
Popes
did
not
only
forbid
the
marriage
of
Cousin-Germans
,
but
other
degrees
farther
off
,
thereby
to
get
money
for
Dispensations
.
This
Law
came
seasonably
to
comply
with
King
Henry's
occasions
,
who
had
the
first-fruits
thereof
,
and
presently
after
married
Katherine
Howard
,
Cousin-german
to
Anna
Bolen
,
his
second
Wife
,
which
by
the
Canon-law
formerly
was
forbidden
,
without
a
special
Dispensation
first
obtained
.
In
the
third
Session
of
the
Convocation
at
St.
Paul's
several
Bishops
were
assigned
to
peruse
several
Books
of
the
Translation
of
the
new
Testament
.
Cranmer
stickleth
for
the
Universities
approbation
.
The
Parliament
,
Anno
1544.
mitigated
the
six
Articles
;
for
it
was
required
,
that
all
Offenders
should
first
be
found
guilty
by
a
Jury
of
twelve
men
,
before
they
should
suffer
.
Anno
1545.
began
the
last
Parliament
in
this
King's
Reign
,
wherein
many
things
of
consequence
were
enacted
.
1.
Against
Usury
.
2.
For
Tithes
in
London
.
3.
For
an
exchange
of
Lands
betwixt
the
King's
Majesty
,
and
Thomas
Cranmer
,
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
Robert
Holgate
,
Archbishop
of
York
,
and
Edmond
Bonner
,
Bishop
of
London
;
which
the
King
annexed
to
the
Dutchy
of
Lancaster
.
4.
An
Act
for
union
of
Churches
,
not
exceeding
the
value
of
six
pounds
.
5.
That
Doctors
of
the
Civil
Law
might
exercise
Ecclesiastical
jurisdiction
.
At
this
time
also
,
by
the
King's
command
,
were
the
Stews
suppressed
.
The
Favourers
of
the
truth
among
the
Noblemen
were
,
Fox
.
Acts
and
Monuments
.
the
Earl
of
Suffolk
,
Viscount
Beauchamp
,
Viscount
Lisle
,
Lord
Russel
Treasurer
,
Lord
Awdley
Chancellor
,
Lord
Paget
,
and
Sadler
,
and
Thomas
Cranmar
Archbishop
of
Canterhury
.
The
Patrons
of
Popery
were
,
the
Bishop
of
Winchester
and
Durham
,
the
Duke
of
Norfolk
,
and
Earl
of
Southampton
,
Anthony
Brown
,
William
Pawlet
,
John
Baker
,
Richard
Chancellor
of
the
Augmentation
,
Winckfield
Vice-chancellor
.
Four
and
twenty
were
Executed
for
Traitors
,
in
the
time
of
King
Henry
,
for
the
cause
of
Supremacy
.
Adam
Damlip
,
who
before
had
escaped
,
and
lay
hid
in
the
West-countrey
,
teaching
a
School
about
a
year
or
two
,
by
the
miserable
Inquisition
of
the
six
Articles
,
was
again
taken
and
brought
up
to
London
,
where
he
was
by
Stephen
Gardiner
commanded
to
the
Marshal-sea
,
and
after
two
years
space
he
was
Condemned
and
Executed
for
Treason
.
One
Henry
was
burnt
at
Colchester
,
and
one
Kerby
at
Ipswich
,
for
the
Testimony
of
the
Truth
.
In
the
year
1546.
in
June
,
Anne
Ashcough
,
aliàs
Kyme
,
Daughter
of
Sir
William
Ashcough
of
Kelsey
in
Lincoln-shire
,
of
the
age
of
25.
years
,
whose
Wit
,
Beauty
,
Learning
and
Religion
,
procured
her
much
esteem
on
the
Queens
side
of
the
Court
,
and
as
much
hatred
from
the
Popish
Bishops
,
was
burned
for
the
profession
of
the
Truth
,
in
Smithfield
,
with
three
men
,
Nicholas
Belevian
,
Priest
of
Shrop-shire
,
John
Lacels
,
Gentleman
of
the
houshold
of
King
Henry
the
Eighth
,
and
John
Adams
a
poor
Tailor
of
London
.
Her
several
examinations
penned
by
her self
are
extant
in
Mr.
Fox
.
Then
began
the
troubles
of
Queen
Katherine
Parr
,
whom
the
King
had
married
some
two
years
since
.
She
was
one
of
great
piety
,
beauty
,
and
discretion
:
next
to
the
Bible
,
she
studied
the
King's
disposition
,
observing
him
to
her
utmost
:
yet
sometimes
she
would
presume
to
discourse
with
the
King
about
points
of
Religion
,
defending
the
Protestant
Tenets
by
Scripture
,
and
sometimes
would
hold
up
the
King
very
close
hard
at
it
.
This
displeased
him
,
who
loved
looseness
and
liberty
in
his
Clothes
,
Arguments
,
and
Actions
,
and
was
quickly
observed
by
Gardiner
,
and
others
,
the
Queen's
enemies
.
Hereupon
Gardiner
drew
up
Articles
against
her
,
and
got
them
subscribed
with
the
King
's
own
hand
,
to
send
her
to
the
Tower
.
But
Chancellor
Wriothesley
put
the
paper
of
those
Articles
in
his
own
bosom
,
which
casually
fell
out
,
was
taken
up
by
one
of
the
Queen's
Servants
,
and
brought
to
the
Queen
,
who
on
her
sickness
and
submission
to
the
King
,
obtained
his
Pardon
,
Signed
and
Sealed
unto
her
with
many
kisses
and
embraces
.
And
her
enemies
that
came
to
attach
her
,
were
sent
back
with
the
Taunts
and
Threats
of
the
enraged
King
against
them
.
King
Henry
made
his
Will
,
and
died
a
moneth
after
,
and
was
buried
at
Windsor
.
After
the
Death
of
King
Henry
,
succeeded
King
Edward
Sir
John
Hayward's
Hist.
of
K.
Edw.
6.
his
Son
,
being
scarce
ten
years
old
,
full
of
as
much
Worth
as
the
model
of
his
Age
could
hold
.
He
attained
not
onely
commendable
Knowledge
,
but
speech
in
the
Greek
,
Spanish
,
and
Italian
Languages
,
having
always
great
Judgment
in
measuring
his
Words
by
his
Matter
;
his
Speech
being
alike
,
both
fluent
and
weighty
,
such
as
best
beseemed
a
Prince
.
As
for
Natural
Philosophy
,
Logick
,
Musick
,
Astronomy
,
and
other
Liberal
Sciences
;
his
perfections
were
such
,
that
the
great
Italian
Philosopher
Cardan
,
having
tasted
him
by
many
Conferences
,
seemed
to
be
astonished
between
admiration
and
delight
,
and
divulged
his
abilities
to
be
miraculous
.
These
his
acquirements
,
by
industry
,
were
very
much
enriched
and
enlarged
by
many
excellent
Endowments
of
nature
;
for
in
disposition
he
was
mild
,
gratious
,
and
pleasant
,
of
an
heavenly
wit
;
in
Body
beautiful
,
but
especially
in
his
Eyes
,
which
seemed
to
have
a
Starry
liveliness
and
lustre
in
them
.
Generally
he
seemed
to
be
,
as
Cardan
reported
of
him
.
A
Miracle
of
Nature
.
Because
he
was
young
,
he
was
committed
to
sixteen
Governours
,
the
Lord
Edward
Seimour
,
Duke
of
Sommerset
,
his
Unckle
,
was
assigned
unto
him
Protector
,
by
whose
endeavour
the
six
bloody
Articles
forementioned
were
abolished
.
This
King
restored
the
holy
Scriptures
in
the
English
Tongue
,
he
abolished
Masses
,
and
such
as
were
banished
were
received
home
,
as
John
Hooper
,
Miles
Coverdale
,
&c.
He
changed
most
part
of
the
Bishops
of
Diocesses
,
and
compelled
dumb
Priests
to
give
place
to
those
that
would
Preach
:
he
suppressed
Idolatry
,
restored
the
Gospel
and
worship
of
God
,
encouraged
Godly
Preachers
,
sent
for
Eminent
Men
,
both
for
Learning
and
Piety
,
from
beyond
the
Seas
,
to
Teach
in
both
Universities
,
viz.
Peter
Martyr
in
Oxford
,
and
Martin
Bucer
,
and
Paulus
Fagius
in
Cambridge
,
and
was
a
Refuge
to
all
the
Godly
that
fled
for
Religion
out
of
other
Countries
;
and
therefore
is
called
by
Melchior
Adam
,
Melch.
Adam
.
in
vit.
Germ.
Theolog.
Summae
spei
Princeps
,
qui
omnibus
piis
&
doctis
,
Polanis
,
Germanis
,
Gallis
,
Scotis
,
Italis
,
Hispanis
,
hospitium
&
patrocinium
dederat
:
A
Prince
of
singular
hope
,
who
gave
protection
and
entertainment
to
all
Godly
and
Learned
Men
,
Polonians
,
Germans
,
French
,
Scots
,
Italians
,
Spaniards
.
In
consideration
whereof
an
eminent
Martyr
in
Queen
Maries
days
,
in
an
effectionate
Speech
of
His
,
before
a
Popish
Persecutor
,
cried
out
,
Blessed
be
God
for
King
Edward
.
This
King
was
much
enclined
to
Clemency
,
especially
in
matters
of
Blood
,
and
most
especially
if
it
were
for
Religion
,
insomuch
,
that
albeit
he
was
greatly
affected
to
that
Religion
wherein
he
had
been
brought
up
,
yet
none
were
executed
in
his
time
for
other
Religion
,
but
onely
two
blasphemous
Hereticks
,
Joan
Butcher
,
and
George
a
Dutch-man
.
And
when
Joan
Butcher
was
to
be
burned
,
all
the
Council
could
not
procure
him
to
set
his
hand
to
the
Warrant
:
wherefore
they
employed
Thomas
Cranmer
,
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
to
deal
privately
with
him
for
his
subscription
.
But
the
King
remained
firm
in
resolution
,
affirming
,
That
he
would
not
drive
her
headlong
to
the
Devil
.
The
Archbishop
was
violent
both
by
perswasions
and
entreaties
:
and
when
with
meer
importunity
he
had
prevaled
,
the
King
in
subscribing
his
name
said
,
That
he
would
lay
all
the
charge
thereof
upon
the
Archbishop
before
God
.
Then
the
Professors
of
the
Gospel
were
in
all
places
relieved
,
and
many
Prisoners
appointed
to
die
,
were
enlarged
and
preserved
:
Onely
Thomas
Dobby
,
Fellow
of
St.
John's
in
Cambridge
,
committed
to
the
Counter
in
Bred-street
,
and
condemned
for
speaking
against
the
Masse
,
died
of
a
natural
death
in
Prison
;
his
speedy
death
prevented
the
pardon
which
the
Lord
Protector
intended
to
send
him
.
The
Lord
Protector
ordered
all
in
Church
and
State
.
The
King
in
his
protection
,
took
speedy
order
for
Reformation
of
Religion
,
and
having
chosen
Wise
,
and
Learned
,
Men
to
be
his
Commissioners
in
that
behalf
,
divided
them
into
several
Diocesses
,
to
be
visited
,
appointing
likewise
unto
every
company
one
or
two
Godly
Learned
Preachers
,
to
instruct
the
people
at
every
Session
in
the
true
Doctrine
of
the
Gospel
.
To
those
Commissioners
were
delivered
thirty
six
Injunctions
,
and
Ecclesiastical
Laws
,
which
they
should
enquire
of
,
and
also
command
in
his
Majesties
name
and
behalf
,
all
tending
to
the
abolishing
of
Popish
superstition
,
and
establishing
the
Truth
of
the
Gospel
.
Besides
which
general
Injunctions
,
for
the
estate
of
the
whole
Realm
,
there
were
also
certain
others
particularly
appointed
for
the
Bishops
onely
;
whereby
they
were
enjoyned
to
see
the
other
put
in
Execution
;
besides
others
which
did
more
particulary
confirm
them
.
These
Injunctions
may
be
seen
at
large
in
the
first
Edition
of
the
Acts
and
Monuments
(
fol.
684.
Fuller
.
Church
History
,
p.
372
373.
)
and
you
may
read
them
in
a
smoother
Abstract
in
Fuller's
Church
History
.
Some
Homiles
were
left
with
the
Parish-Priests
,
which
the
Archbishop
had
composed
,
not
onely
for
the
help
of
unpreaching
Ministers
,
Dr.
P.
Helyns
History
of
K.
Edw.
6.
but
for
the
regulating
and
instructing
even
of
the
Learned
Preachers
.
Besides
the
points
contained
in
the
said
Injunctions
,
the
Preachers
,
above
mentioned
,
were
more
particulary
instructed
to
perswade
the
people
from
Praying
to
the
Saints
,
from
making
Prayer
for
the
Dead
,
from
Adoring
of
Images
,
from
the
use
of
Beads
,
Ashes
and
Processions
,
from
Mass
,
Diriges
,
Praying
in
unknown
Languages
,
and
from
other
such
like
things
,
whereunto
long
custom
had
brought
a
Religious
observation
.
All
which
was
done
to
this
intent
,
That
the
people
in
all
places
being
prepared
by
little
and
little
,
might
with
more
ease
and
less
opposition
,
admit
the
total
alteration
in
the
face
of
the
Church
,
which
was
intended
in
due
time
to
be
introduced
.
While
these
Commissioners
were
occupied
abroad
,
the
King
desirng
a
Reformation
,
appointed
a
Parliament
,
Novemb.
4.
in
the
first
year
of
his
Reign
,
Anno
1547.
wherein
all
Acts
made
before
against
the
Professors
of
the
Truth
were
Abrogated
.
In
the
same
Parliament
also
it
was
Decreed
,
That
the
Sacrament
should
be
ministred
to
all
under
both
kinds
.
Then
also
were
Candles
on
Candlemas-day
forbidden
,
and
Ashes
on
Ash-wednesday
,
according
to
the
Popish
custom
.
About
the
sa●
e
time
also
all
Images
were
taken
away
in
most
places
of
the
Kingdom
.
The
first
who
declared
his
aversness
to
the
King's
proceedings
,
was
Dr.
Stephen
Gardiner
,
Bishop
of
Winchester
,
who
stomaching
his
being
left
out
of
the
list
of
the
Council
,
appeared
more
Cross
to
all
their
doings
than
others
of
his
Order
:
for
which
being
brought
before
their
Lordships
,
they
sent
him
Prisoner
to
the
Fleet.
Albeit
Edmond
Bonner
,
Bishop
of
London
,
at
first
seemed
to
comply
,
yet
at
length
he
bewraied
himself
,
by
suffring
daily
to
be
Sung
the
Apostles
Mass
,
and
our
Ladies
Mass
,
&c.
in
diverse
of
his
Chappels
in
Pauls
,
cloaking
them
with
the
name
of
the
Apostles
,
and
our
Ladies
Communions
,
whereof
the
Council
being
informed
,
caused
him
to
reform
the
abuse
.
Sir
Anthony
Cook
,
and
Sir
John
Goodsale
,
Knights
;
John
Goodsal
,
and
Christopher
Nevinson
,
Doctors
of
the
Laws
,
and
John
Madew
,
Doctor
of
Divinity
,
the
King's
Commissioners
,
called
before
them
the
said
Edmond
Bonner
,
John
Royston
,
Polydor
Virgil
,
and
many
others
of
the
Dignitaries
of
the
said
Cathedral
,
to
whom
the
Sermon
being
done
,
and
their
Commission
openly
read
,
they
ministred
the
Oath
of
the
King's
Supremacy
,
according
to
the
Statute
of
thirty
one
of
King
Henry
the
eighth
,
requiring
them
withal
to
present
such
things
as
needed
to
be
reformed
.
Which
done
,
they
delivered
to
Bishop
Bonner
a
Copy
of
the
Injunctions
forementioned
,
together
with
the
Homilies
set
forth
by
the
King's
authority
,
received
by
him
with
protestation
,
That
he
would
observe
them
,
if
they
were
not
contrary
to
the
Law
of
God
,
and
the
Ordinances
of
the
Church
.
But
afterwards
he
revoked
his
protestation
,
and
humbly
submitted
himself
to
his
Majesties
pleasure
.
Yet
for
a
Terror
to
others
,
Bishop
Bonner
was
committed
to
the
Fleet.
During
the
short
time
of
his
restraint
(
viz.
Septemb.
18.
)
the
Litany
was
Sung
in
the
English
Tongue
in
St.
Paul's
Church
,
between
the
Quire
and
the
High
Altar
,
the
Singers
kneeling
half
on
the
one
side
,
and
half
on
the
other
.
And
the
same
day
the
Epistle
and
Gospel
was
also
read
at
the
High
Mass
in
the
English
Tongue
.
And
in
November
next
following
(
Bishop
Bonner
being
then
restored
to
his
former
liberty
)
the
Image
of
Christ
,
then
called
the
Rood
,
and
all
other
Images
in
that
Church
,
as
also
in
all
the
other
Churches
of
London
were
taken
down
.
And
in
speeding
of
this
work
,
as
Bishop
Bonner
,
together
with
the
Dean
and
Chapter
,
did
perform
their
part
in
the
Cathedral
of
St.
Paul
;
so
Bellassere
,
Archdeacon
of
Colchester
,
and
Doctor
Gilbert
Bourn
(
being
at
that
time
Archdeacon
both
of
London
and
Essex
)
were
no
less
diligent
in
doing
the
like
in
all
the
Churches
of
their
respective
Jurisdictions
,
according
to
the
charge
imposed
upon
them
by
his
Majestie
's
Visitors
.
The
first
Translation
of
the
Bible
was
set
forth
in
the
Reign
of
King
Henry
the
Eighth
,
Anno
1541.
with
a
Grave
and
Pious
preface
of
Archbishop
Cranmer
,
and
Authorized
by
the
King's
Proclamation
,
Dated
May
6.
Seconded
also
with
Instructions
from
the
King
.
It
was
called
the
Bible
of
the
greater
Volume
.
Few
Countrey-parishes
could
go
to
the
cost
of
them
,
though
Bishop
Bonner
caused
six
of
them
to
be
chained
in
the
Church
of
St.
Pauls
in
convenient
places
.
The
second
Translation
of
the
Bible
was
set
forth
in
the
Reign
of
King
Edward
the
Sixth
,
and
not
onely
suffered
to
be
read
by
particular
persons
,
but
ordered
to
be
read
over
yearly
in
the
Congregation
,
as
a
principal
part
of
Divine
Service
.
Two
Editions
there
were
thereof
,
one
set
forth
1549.
the
other
1541.
but
neither
of
them
divided
into
verses
.
The
third
Translation
of
the
Bible
was
set
forth
in
the
second
year
of
Queen
Elizabeth
.
Extant
in
Sir
Tho.
Colton
.
Library
.
The
last
Translation
was
again
reviewed
by
some
of
the
most
Learned
Bishops
(
appointed
thereunto
by
the
Queen's
Commission
)
whence
it
took
the
name
of
the
Bishops
Bible
,
and
by
the
Queens
sole
commandment
Reprinted
.
Then
diverse
Proclamations
were
issued
out
in
the
King's
name
,
relating
to
Ecclesiastical
matters
,
in
the
four
first
years
of
his
Reign
,
among
which
there
was
a
Proclamation
inhibiting
Preachers
,
Anno
secundo
,
Edwardi
sexti
,
whereof
this
was
the
occasion
.
Certain
Popish
Preachers
,
disaffected
to
the
King's
Government
,
in
their
Sermons
declared
,
That
the
King
intended
to
lay
strange
exactions
upon
the
people
.
To
prevent
further
mischief
,
the
King
ordered
by
Proclamation
,
That
none
should
Preach
except
Licensed
under
the
Seals
of
the
Lord
Protector
,
or
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
.
At
this
time
many
Popish
Pulpits
founded
the
Alarum
to
Kets
Rebellion
,
and
the
Devon-shire
Commotion
.
There
was
also
a
Proclamation
for
the
payment
of
the
late
Incumbents
of
Colledges
,
and
Chanteries
lately
dissolved
.
Anno
3.
Edwardi
sexti
,
A
Proclamation
also
for
the
Inhibition
of
Players
,
Aug.
6.
The
Parliament
not
long
before
,
passed
an
Act
for
Election
of
Bishops
,
and
what
Seals
and
styles
should
be
used
by
Spiritual
persons
:
in
which
it
was
Ordained
.
That
Bishops
should
be
made
by
the
King's
Letters
Patents
,
and
not
by
the
election
of
the
Deans
and
Chapters
.
That
all
their
Processes
and
Writings
should
be
made
in
the
King's
name
onely
,
with
the
Bishops
Teste
added
to
it
,
and
sealed
with
no
other
Seal
but
the
King
's
,
or
such
as
should
be
authorized
and
appointed
by
him
.
The
Intent
of
the
Contrivers
of
this
Act
(
saith
Dr.
Heylin
H●ylin
Hist.
Edw.
6.
)
was
to
weaken
the
authority
of
the
Episcopal
Order
,
by
forcing
them
from
their
strong-hold
of
Divine
Institution
,
and
making
them
no
other
than
the
King's
Ministers
onely
.
And
of
this
Act
such
use
was
made
,
that
the
Bishops
of
those
times
were
not
in
a
capacity
of
conferring
Orders
,
but
as
they
were
thereunto
impowered
by
special
License
.
The
Tenour
whereof
was
(
if
Sanders
may
be
believed
)
in
these
words
following
,
viz.
The
King
to
such
a
Bishop
,
Greeting
.
Where
as
all
and
all
manner
of
Jurisdiction
,
as
well
Ecclesiastical
as
Civil
,
flows
from
the
King
,
as
from
the
Supreme
Head
of
all
the
Body
,
&c.
We
therefore
give
and
grant
to
Thee
full
Power
and
License
,
to
continue
during
our
good
pleasure
,
for
holding
Ordination
within
thy
Diocess
of
N.
and
for
promoting
fit
persons
unto
holy
Orders
,
even
to
that
of
the
Priesthood
.
Queen
Mary
caused
this
Act
to
be
repealed
in
the
first
year
of
her
Reign
,
leaving
the
Bishops
to
depend
on
their
former
Claim
,
and
to
Act
all
things
which
belonged
to
their
Jurisdiction
in
their
own
Names
,
and
under
their
own
Seals
,
as
in
former
times
.
In
which
estate
they
have
continued
without
any
legal
interruption
from
that
time
to
this
.
Doctor
Nicholas
Ridley
was
promoted
to
the
See
of
Rochester
,
to
which
he
had
been
nominated
by
King
Henry
the
Eighth
,
a
man
of
great
Learning
,
and
well-studied
in
the
Fathers
,
and
an
excellent
Preacher
.
Doctor
Barlow
was
preferred
to
the
Bishoprick
of
Bath
and
Wells
.
The
Commissioners
authorized
to
take
away
Images
out
of
Churches
,
were
in
many
places
entertained
with
contempt
and
railing
,
and
the
farther
they
went
from
London
the
worse
they
were
handled
:
one
of
them
called
Body
,
as
he
was
pulling
down
Images
in
Cornwal
,
was
stabbed
in
the
body
by
a
Priest
.
Many
there
were
that
then
cried
down
all
the
observations
of
Days
and
Times
,
and
particularly
of
keeping
Lent
:
complaint
whereof
being
made
by
Bishop
Gardiner
in
a
Letter
to
the
Lord
Protector
,
a
Proclamation
was
sent
out
commanding
all
people
to
abstain
from
Flesh
in
the
time
of
Lent
,
and
the
King
's
Lenten
dyet
was
set
out
,
and
served
as
in
former
times
.
Hugh
Latimer
having
by
the
power
of
Cromwel
,
and
his
favour
with
the
King
,
been
made
Bishop
of
Worcester
,
Anno
1535.
continued
in
that
See
,
till
on
the
first
of
July
1539.
he
chose
rather
to
resign
the
same
,
than
to
have
any
hand
in
passing
the
six
Articles
,
then
agitated
in
the
Convocation
,
and
confirmed
by
Parliament
:
full
eight
years
he
betook
himself
to
the
retiredness
of
a
private
life
.
On
New-years
day
he
Preached
his
first
Sermon
at
Pauls
Cross
(
the
first
I
mean
after
his
re-admission
to
his
former
Ministry
)
and
two
Lords-days
after
again
in
the
same
place
,
and
on
January
25.
such
multitudes
flocked
to
hear
his
Sermon
,
that
being
to
Preach
before
the
King
the
first
Friday
in
Lent
,
a
pulpit
was
placed
in
the
King
's
privy
Garden
,
where
he
might
be
heard
of
four
times
as
many
Auditors
,
as
could
have
thronged
into
the
Chappel
.
Which
as
it
was
the
first
Sermon
that
was
Preached
in
that
place
,
so
afterward
a
fixed
and
standing
Pulpit
was
erected
for
the
like
occasions
,
especially
for
Lent-sermons
on
the
Sundays
in
the
Afternoon
,
and
hath
so
continued
ever
since
till
these
latter
times
.
At
the
return
of
the
King's
Commissioners
,
dispatched
throughout
the
Realm
,
to
take
a
Survay
of
all
Colledges
,
Free-chappels
,
Chanteries
,
and
Brotherhoods
,
in
the
first
place
(
as
lying
nearest
)
came
in
the
free
Chappel
of
St.
Stephen
,
originally
founded
in
the
Palace
at
Westminster
,
and
reckoned
for
the
Chappel
Royal
of
the
Court
of
England
.
The
whole
Foundation
consisted
of
thirty
eight
persons
,
viz.
one
Dean
,
twelve
Canons
,
thirteen
Vicars
,
four
Clerks
,
six
Choristers
,
besides
a
Verger
,
and
one
that
had
the
charge
of
the
Chappel
.
This
Chappel
hath
been
since
fitted
,
and
employed
for
an
house
of
Commons
in
all
times
of
Parliament
.
At
the
same
time
also
fell
the
Colledge
,
commonly
called
St.
Martins
le
Grand
,
near
Aldersgate
in
London
:
the
King
gave
the
same
,
with
the
Liberties
and
precincts
thereof
to
the
Church
of
Westminster
.
These
two
,
St.
Stephen's
and
St.
Martin's
,
were
the
richest
of
all
the
rest
.
Then
the
Lord
Protector
being
unfurnished
of
a
Palace
proportionable
to
his
Greatness
,
doubted
not
to
find
room
enough
upon
the
dissolution
of
the
Bishoprick
of
Westminster
lately
erected
,
to
raise
a
Palace
equal
to
his
vast
designs
.
Which
coming
to
the
ears
of
Benson
,
the
last
Abbot
,
and
first
Dean
of
Westminster
,
he
was
willing
to
preserve
the
whole
,
by
parting
for
the
present
with
more
than
half
of
the
estate
belonging
to
it
.
And
thereupon
a
Lease
is
made
of
seventeen
Mannors
,
and
good
Farmes
,
lying
almost
altogether
in
the
County
of
Glocester
,
for
the
Term
of
ninety
nine
years
,
which
was
presented
to
the
Lord
Thomas
Seymor
,
to
serve
as
an
addition
to
his
Mannor
of
Sudley
.
Another
present
of
almost
as
many
Mannors
,
lying
in
the
Counties
of
Glocester
,
Worcester
,
and
Hereford
,
was
made
for
the
like
Term
to
Sir
John
Mason
,
for
the
use
of
the
Lord
Protector
,
which
after
the
Duke's
fall
came
to
Sir
John
Bourn
,
principal
Secretary
of
Estate
,
in
the
time
of
Queen
Mary
.
The
Mannor
of
Islip
was
also
put
into
the
s●ale
,
conferred
upon
that
Church
by
King
Edward
the
Confessor
,
to
which
two
hundred
Tenants
owed
their
soile
and
service
,
and
being
one
of
the
best
wooded
things
in
those
parts
of
the
Realm
:
was
to
be
granted
also
without
impeachment
of
waste
,
as
it
was
accordingly
.
Thus
Benson
saved
the
Deanery
,
but
fell
into
great
disquiet
of
mind
,
and
died
a
few
moneths
after
.
To
whom
succeeded
Doctor
Cox
,
being
then
Almoner
to
the
King
,
Chancellor
of
the
University
of
Oxford
,
and
Dean
of
Christ-Church
.
Bishop
Latimer
Latimer
.
Ser.
p.
38.
71
,
91
,
114.
in
his
printed
Sermons
complaineth
,
That
the
Gentry
at
that
time
invaded
the
profits
of
the
Church
,
leaving
the
Title
onely
to
the
Incumbent
;
and
that
Chantery
Priests
were
put
by
them
into
several
Cures
,
to
save
their
pensions
;
that
many
Benefices
were
laid
out
in
Fee-farmes
,
and
for
making
of
Gardens
:
and
finally
,
that
the
poor
Clergy
being
kept
to
some
sorry
pittances
,
were
forced
to
put
themselves
into
Gentlemens
houses
,
and
there
to
serve
as
Clerks
of
the
Kitchin
,
Surveyours
,
Receivers
,
&c.
All
which
Enormities
,
were
generally
connived
at
by
the
Lords
and
others
,
who
onely
had
the
power
to
reform
the
same
,
because
they
could
not
question
those
who
had
so
miserably
invaded
the
Churches
patrimony
,
without
condemning
of
themselves
.
Stephen
Gardiner
,
Bishop
of
Winchester
,
having
long
lain
Prisoner
in
the
Fleet
was
enlarged
,
and
permitted
to
return
to
his
Diocess
,
where
contrary
to
the
promise
made
at
his
enlargement
,
he
shewed
himself
cross
to
the
King's
proceedings
in
case
of
Images
and
other
things
,
that
he
was
sent
Prisoner
to
the
Tower
,
where
he
abode
till
he
was
set
at
liberty
by
Queen
Mary
.
Notwithstanding
the
King's
great
care
to
set
forth
one
uniform
order
of
Administring
the
holy
Communion
in
both
kinds
,
yet
among
the
inferior
Priests
and
Ministers
of
Cathedral
and
other
Churches
in
this
Realm
,
there
arose
variety
of
Factions
in
Celebrating
the
Communion
Service
,
and
Administra●ion
of
the
Sacraments
,
and
other
Rites
of
the
Church
.
Some
followed
the
Order
of
the
King's
proceedings
:
others
patchingly
used
some
part
of
them
onely
:
but
many
causelesly
contemning
them
all
,
would
still
continue
in
their
former
Popery
.
Moreover
,
many
of
those
who
had
been
licensed
,
appeared
as
active
in
Preaching
against
the
King's
proceedings
,
as
any
of
the
unlicensed
Preachers
had
been
found
to
be
.
Which
being
made
known
to
the
King
,
and
the
Lords
of
the
Council
,
it
was
advised
,
that
a
publick
Liturgy
should
be
drawn
,
and
confirmed
by
Parliament
,
which
was
done
,
An.
1548.
and
in
the
next
year
a
penalty
was
imposed
by
Act
of
Parliament
on
such
who
should
deprave
,
or
neglect
the
use
thereof
.
The
King
caused
those
Godly
Bishops
,
and
other
Learned
Divines
(
whom
he
had
formerly
imployed
in
drawing
up
the
order
for
the
holy
Communion
)
to
frame
a
publick
Liturgy
,
containing
the
order
of
Morning
and
Evening
Prayer
,
together
with
a
Form
of
Ministring
the
Sacraments
,
and
for
the
celebrating
of
all
publick
Offices
in
the
Churches
.
This
was
done
acccordingly
:
Some
exception
being
taken
at
it
by
Mr.
Calvin
abroad
,
and
some
zealots
at
home
,
the
Book
was
brought
under
a
review
,
and
by
Statute
in
Parliament
,
it
was
appointed
,
it
should
be
faithfully
perused
,
explained
,
and
made
fully
perfect
.
And
here
take
notice
,
that
those
who
had
the
chief
stroke
in
this
Affair
,
were
before-hand
resolved
,
that
none
but
English
Heads
or
hands
should
be
used
therein
.
Calvin
offered
his
assistance
to
Archbishop
Cranmer
,
as
himself
confesseth
,
but
he
refused
the
offer
.
And
though
it
was
thought
necessary
,
for
the
better
seasoning
of
both
Universities
in
the
Protestant
Reformed
Religion
,
that
Martin
Bucer
,
and
Peter
Martyr
,
two
eminent
Divines
of
Forreign
Churches
,
should
be
invited
to
come
over
,
yet
had
the
Liturgy
passed
the
approbation
of
the
King
and
Council
,
if
not
both
Houses
of
Parliament
before
their
coming
.
Which
being
finished
,
they
all
subscribed
it
,
except
Doctor
Day
,
Bishop
of
Chichester
.
Then
in
Parliament
it
was
enacted
,
that
all
such
positive
Lawes
and
Ordinances
,
as
prohibited
the
marriages
of
Priests
,
and
pains
and
forfeitures
therein
contained
,
should
be
repealed
.
In
this
Parliament
also
it
was
enacted
,
that
no
person
should
from
thence-forth
take
,
or
carry
away
any
Tithe
or
Tithes
which
had
been
received
or
paid
within
the
space
of
fourty
years
next
before
the
date
thereof
,
&c.
under
the
pain
or
forfeiture
of
the
Treble
value
of
the
Tithes
so
taken
or
carried
away
.
To
which
a
clause
was
also
added
,
enabling
the
said
Parsons
,
Vicars
,
&c.
to
enter
upon
any
man's
Land
for
the
due
setting
out
of
his
Tithes
,
and
carrying
away
the
same
without
molestation
.
There
also
passed
another
Act
for
Abstinence
from
flesh
upon
all
such
days
,
as
had
been
formerly
taken
and
reputed
for
fasting-dayes
,
viz.
fall
Fridays
and
Saturdays
in
the
year
,
the
time
of
Lent
,
the
Ember-days
,
the
Eves
or
Vigils
of
such
Saints
,
as
had
been
anciently
used
for
Fasts
by
the
Rules
of
the
Church
.
On
Septemb.
5.
1548.
Doctor
Farrar's
was
consecrated
Bishop
of
S.
Davids
,
as
Doctor
Heylin
noteth
,
and
not
in
the
year
1547.
as
Mr.
Fox
makes
it
,
nor
in
1549.
as
Bishop
Godwin
saith
.
The
Lord
Protector
pulled
down
two
Churches
,
two
Chappels
,
and
three
Episcopal
Houses
for
the
materials
of
the
building
of
his
new
intended
Palace
,
called
Sommerset-house
.
About
this
time
there
arose
a
sort
of
men
,
who
were
termed
Gospellers
,
against
whom
Bishop
Hooper
inveigheth
,
in
the
Preface
to
his
Exposition
on
the
ten
Commandments
.
Some
Anabaptists
also
discovered
themselves
.
Some
of
the
Chiefs
of
them
were
convented
before
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
and
the
Bishop
of
Westminster
,
Doctor
Cox
Almoner
to
the
King
and
others
:
and
being
convicted
of
their
errours
,
some
of
them
were
dismissed
only
with
an
Admonition
,
some
sentenced
to
a
Recantation
,
and
others
(
among
which
I
find
one
Champney's
)
condemned
to
bear
their
Faggots
at
S.
Paul's
Cross
.
Then
brake
forth
two
dangerous
Rebellions
,
one
in
Devonshire
,
the
other
in
Norfolk
.
That
of
Devonshire
was
found
to
be
chiefly
raised
in
maintenance
of
their
old
Religion
.
On
Whitsun
Munday
,
being
next
day
after
the
first
exercising
of
the
publick
Liturgy
,
some
few
of
the
Parishioners
of
the
Parish
of
Sampford-Courtney
,
compelled
their
Parish-Priest
,
who
is
supposed
to
have
invited
them
to
that
compulsion
,
to
let
them
have
the
Latine
Mass
as
in
former-times
.
These
being
seconded
with
many
others
,
Henry
Arundel
Esquire
,
Governour
of
the
Mount
in
Cornwal
,
Winslade
and
Coffin
,
Gentlemen
,
headed
them
.
The
seditious
exceeding
the
number
of
ten
thousand
,
march
in
a
full
body
to
Exeter
.
They
send
their
demands
to
the
King
,
among
which
one
more
specially
concerned
the
Liturgy
.
It
was
demanded
by
the
Rebels
,
That
forasmuch
as
we
constantly
believe
,
that
after
the
words
of
Consecration
spoken
by
the
Priest
being
at
Mass
,
there
is
very
really
the
Body
and
Blood
of
our
Saviour
Jesus
Christ
God
and
man
,
and
that
no
substance
of
Bread
and
Wine
remaineth
after
,
but
the
very
self-same
body
that
was
born
of
the
Virgin
Mary
,
and
was
given
upon
the
Cross
for
our
Redemption
;
Therefore
we
will
have
Mass-Celebrated
as
it
was
in
times
past
without
any
man
Communicating
with
the
Priests
,
forasmuch
as
many
presuming
unworthily
to
receive
the
same
,
put
no
difference
between
the
Lord's
body
,
and
other
kind
of
meat
,
&c.
To
which
demand
of
theirs
the
King
thus
answered
,
viz.
that
for
the
Mass
I
assure
you
,
no
small
study
nor
Travel
hath
been
spent
,
by
all
the
Learned
Clergy
therein
:
and
to
avoyd
all
contention
,
it
is
brought
even
to
the
use
that
Christ
left
it
,
as
the
Apostles
used
it
,
as
the
Holy
Fathers
delivered
it
:
indeed
somewhat
altered
from
that
to
which
the
Popes
of
Rome
,
for
their
lucre
,
had
brought
it
.
And
although
(
saith
he
)
you
may
hear
the
contrary
from
some
Popish
evil
men
;
Yet
we
on
our
Honour
assure
you
,
that
they
deceive
,
abuse
you
,
and
blow
these
opinions
into
your
Heads
to
finish
their
own
purposes
.
But
this
answer
satisfying
not
,
they
marched
with
all
their
forces
to
the
siege
of
Exeter
,
carrying
before
them
in
their
march
the
Pix
or
Consecrated
Host
under
a
Canopy
,
with
Crosses
,
Banners
,
Candlesticks
,
Holy-bread
,
and
Holy-water
,
&c.
But
the
Lord
Gray
and
the
Lord
Russel
with
forces
conjoyned
,
so
strongly
charged
the
Rebels
,
that
they
beat
them
out
of
their
works
,
and
then
forced
them
with
great
slaughter
to
raise
their
siege
.
After
the
like
success
in
some
following
fights
,
the
Lord
Russel
enters
that
City
on
August
6.
where
he
was
joyfully
received
by
the
half-starved
Citizens
.
Miles
Coverdale
gave
publick
thanks
to
God
for
the
Victory
in
the
view
of
Exeter
,
and
soon
after
was
made
the
Bishop
thereof
.
Arundel
,
Berry
,
Winslade
,
and
Coffin
were
sent
to
London
,
and
there
executed
.
Six
Popish
Priests
were
hanged
,
and
the
Vicar
of
S.
Thomas
(
one
of
the
Grand
Incendiaries
)
hanged
on
the
top
of
his
own
Steeple
,
apparrelled
in
his
Popish
Weeds
,
with
his
Beads
at
his
Girdle
.
The
Norfolk
Rebellion
brake
forth
on
June
20.
and
that
especially
for
a
grievance
about
Enclosures
.
The
Rebels
had
gotten
one
Robert
Ket
,
a
rich
Tanner
of
Wimondham
for
their
Leader
,
and
were
grown
to
a
Body
of
twenty
thousand
,
seating
themselves
at
Moushold
near
Mount
Surrey
,
where
they
carried
a
face
(
as
it
were
)
of
Justice
and
Religion
,
for
they
had
one
Coniers
,
an
idle
fellow
,
to
be
their
Chaplain
,
who
read
solemn
Prayers
to
them
Morning
and
Evening
,
Sermons
also
they
had
often
.
And
as
for
Justice
,
they
had
a
bench
under
a
Tree
(
which
Tree
was
called
by
them
,
and
so
hath
ever
since
been
called
,
the
Tree
of
Reformation
)
where
Ket
usually
sate
,
and
with
him
two
Companies
of
every
Hundred
,
whence
their
Companies
had
been
raised
,
to
hear
complaints
,
and
give
judgement
.
They
sent
certain
complaints
to
the
King
,
requiring
he
would
send
a
Herrald
to
them
to
give
them
satisfaction
.
The
King
returned
this
answer
,
that
in
October
following
he
would
call
a
Parliament
,
wherein
their
complaints
should
be
heard
,
and
their
grievances
should
be
redressed
,
requiring
them
in
the
mean
time
to
lay
down
Arms
,
and
return
to
their
houses
,
and
thereupon
granting
them
a
general
pardon
.
But
this
not
satisfying
the
seditious
,
hereupon
they
first
assaulted
the
City
of
Norwich
,
took
it
,
and
made
Thomas
Cod
the
Mayor
of
Norwich
attend
them
as
their
servant
.
At
length
He
and
others
of
the
Gentry
detained
Prisoners
in
Ket's
Camp
,
were
admitted
to
the
Counsels
of
the
Rebels
for
the
better
credit
thereof
.
Doctor
Matthew
Parker
(
afterward
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
)
getting
up
into
the
Oak
of
Reformation
,
Preached
to
the
Rebels
of
their
Duty
and
Obedience
,
where
his
life
was
in
danger
,
many
Arrows
being
Shot
at
him
.
Conyers
set
the
Te
Deum
,
during
the
singing
whereof
the
Doctor
withdrew
,
and
went
to
his
own
house
.
William
Par
Marquess
of
Northampton
,
with
the
Lords
Sheffield
and
Wentworth
,
Sir
Anthony
Denny
,
Sir
Ralph
Sadler
and
other
persons
of
Honour
,
is
sent
to
quell
this
Rebellion
.
But
success
failed
them
:
the
Lord
Sheffield
was
barbarously
butchered
,
Sir
Thomas
Cornwallis
taken
prisoner
,
and
the
City
fired
by
the
Rebels
,
but
the
clouds
melting
into
tears
pittying
the
Cities
calamity
,
quenched
the
flames
,
and
the
Marquess
quitting
the
service
,
returned
to
London
.
Then
was
John
Dudley
,
Earl
of
Warwick
sent
to
undertake
the
task
,
and
was
attended
by
the
Marquess
of
Northampton
.
Coming
to
Norwich
he
easily
entred
the
City
,
and
entertained
the
Rebels
with
many
Sallies
with
various
success
,
but
generally
the
Earl
of
Warwick
came
off
with
the
better
.
The
Rebels
deserted
Moushold-hill
,
and
came
down
into
Dussing-dale
.
Here
their
superstition
fancied
themselves
sufficiently
fenced
by
the
vertue
of
an
old
prophecy
.
Hob
,
Dick
,
and
Hick
,
with
Clubs
,
and
Clouted
Shun
.
Sall
fill
uy
Dussindale
with
blood
of
slaughtred
bodies
soon
.
In
this
place
was
a
bloody
battel
:
two
thousand
of
the
Rebels
were
slain
in
the
fight
and
chase
,
the
Residue
of
them
scattered
all
over
the
Countrey
:
the
Principals
of
them
taken
,
and
Executed
:
Robert
Ket
hanged
on
Norwich-Castle
,
William
his
brother
,
on
the
Top
of
Wimondham
steeple
,
nine
of
his
followers
on
as
many
boughs
of
the
Oak
where
Ket
held
his
Courts
.
On
August
xxix
.
a
solemn
thanksgiving
was
made
to
God
for
their
deliverance
,
in
the
City
of
Norwich
,
and
is
Annually
observed
.
As
for
the
Rebellion
at
the
same
time
in
York-shire
,
it
was
soon
quelled
on
the
Execution
of
Omler
and
Dale
,
the
chief
promoters
thereof
.
These
things
quickned
the
Lords
of
the
Council
to
a
sharper
course
against
all
those
whom
they
suspected
not
to
advance
the
publick
Liturgy
.
Among
whom
none
was
more
distrusted
than
Bishop
Bonner
of
London
,
who
is
commanded
to
attend
the
Lords
of
the
Council
on
Aug.
11.
by
whom
he
was
told
,
that
by
his
negligence
not
only
many
people
within
his
Diocess
forgat
their
duty
to
God
in
frequenting
the
Divine
Service
than
by
Law
established
,
but
divers
others
despising
the
same
,
did
in
secret
places
often
frequent
the
Popish
Mass
.
Therefore
he
is
commanded
to
Preach
against
the
Rebels
at
Paul's
Cross
on
Septemb.
1.
and
there
to
shew
the
unlawfulness
of
taking
Arms
on
pretence
of
Religion
.
But
on
the
Contrary
,
he
spent
most
part
of
his
Sermon
in
maintenance
of
the
Cross
,
Carnal
and
Papistical
presence
of
Christ's
body
and
bloud
in
the
Sacrament
of
the
Eucharist
:
complaints
whereof
being
made
,
a
Commission
is
Issued
out
to
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
the
Bishops
of
Rochester
and
Peterborough
,
Sir
Thomas
Smith
,
and
Doctor
May
,
before
whom
he
was
convented
at
Lambeth
,
where
after
many
shifts
on
his
part
,
and
much
patience
,
on
theirs
,
he
is
taken
pro
confesso
,
and
in
the
beginning
of
October
deprived
of
his
Bishoprick
.
To
whom
succeeded
Doctor
Nicholas
Ridley
,
Bishop
of
Rochester
.
There
passed
an
Act
of
Parliament
in
the
following
Session
(
which
took
beginning
Novemb.
4.
)
for
taking
down
of
such
Images
,
as
were
still
remaining
in
the
Churches
,
as
also
for
the
bringing
in
of
all
Antiphonaries
,
Missals
,
Breviaries
,
Offices
,
Horaries
,
Primars
and
Processionals
,
with
other
Books
of
false
and
superstitious
worship
.
The
Tenour
of
which
Act
signified
to
the
Subject
by
the
King's
Proclamations
,
and
seconded
by
the
Missives
of
Archbishop
Cranmer
to
the
Suffragan
Bishops
,
requiring
them
to
see
it
diligently
put
in
execution
.
Also
the
Bishops
were
required
to
punish
all
those
that
refused
to
give
to
the
charge
of
bread
and
wine
for
the
Communion
.
Now
was
there
no
further
opposition
against
the
Liturgy
by
the
Romish
party
during
the
rest
of
the
King's
Reign
.
But
then
there
started
up
another
faction
,
as
opposite
to
the
publick
Liturgy
,
as
were
those
of
Rome
.
The
Archbishop
and
the
rest
of
Prelates
which
co-operated
with
him
in
the
work
of
Reformation
,
were
resolved
now
to
go
forwards
with
a
Reformation
in
point
of
Doctrine
.
And
therefore
Letters
were
directed
by
Archbishop
Cramner
to
Martin
Bucer
and
Peter
Martyr
,
two
eminent
Divines
.
Heylin
s
Hist.
Edw.
vi
.
Martyr
came
over
in
the
end
of
November
,
and
having
spent
sometime
with
the
Archbishop
in
his
house
at
Lambeth
,
was
dispatched
to
Oxford
,
where
he
was
made
the
King's
Professour
for
Divinity
,
and
about
two
years
after
made
Canon
of
Christ-Church
.
His
readings
were
so
much
disliked
by
some
of
that
University
,
that
a
publick
disputation
was
shortly
had
betwixt
him
,
and
some
of
those
that
disliked
his
doings
,
about
some
points
in
the
Sacrament
.
Doctor
Cox
,
Chancellour
of
the
University
,
assisted
by
Mr.
Morrison
a
right
learned
man
,
being
Moderators
,
declared
that
Martyr
had
sufficiently
answered
all
Arguments
which
were
brought
against
him
by
Chadsey
the
chief
of
the
opponents
,
and
the
rest
of
those
who
disputed
with
him
.
Bucer
came
not
over
till
June
,
and
,
being
,
here
receives
letters
from
Calvin
,
Mediis
consiliis
vel
Authorem
esse
vel
Approbatorem
,
Calvin
.
Epist.
ad
Bucer
.
by
which
he
was
advised
to
take
heed
of
his
old
fault
(
for
a
fault
he
thought
it
)
which
was
to
run
a
moderate
course
in
his
Reformations
.
The
first
thing
that
Bucer
did
after
his
coming
hither
,
was
to
acquaint
himself
with
the
English
Liturgy
,
translated
for
him
into
Latine
by
Alexander
Alesius
,
a
Learned
Scot
,
and
generally
well
approved
of
by
him
,
as
to
the
main
Frame
and
Body
of
it
.
Of
this
he
gives
an
ac●ount
to
Calvin
.
Having
received
a
courteous
entertainment
from
the
Lord
Protector
,
and
being
heartily
well-commed
by
Archbishop
Cranmer
,
he
is
sent
to
take
the
Chair
at
Cambridge
.
But
he
had
not
held
that
place
long
,
when
he
left
this
life
,
deceasing
on
January
19.
Anno
1550.
to
the
great
loss
and
grief
of
that
University
.
Calvin
writes
to
the
Protector
to
this
effect
,
That
the
Papists
would
grow
more
insolent
every
day
than
other
unless
the
difference
were
composed
about
the
Ceremonies
.
But
how
?
not
by
reducing
the
Opponents
to
Conformity
,
but
by
encouraging
them
rather
in
their
opposition
.
John
Rogers
,
Lecturer
in
S.
Paul's
,
and
John
Hooper
Vicar
of
S.
Sepulchres
were
founders
of
Non-conformity
.
The
Founders
of
Non-conformity
.
This
John
Hooper
was
bred
in
Oxford
,
well-skilled
in
Latine
,
Greek
,
and
Hebrew
,
and
afterwards
travelled
over
into
Switzerland
.
He
was
preferred
to
be
Bishop
of
Glocester
by
the
favour
of
his
Patron
,
John
Earl
of
Warwick
,
afterwards
Duke
of
Northumberland
.
But
when
Hooper
came
to
be
consecrated
Bishop
of
Glocester
,
he
scrupled
the
wearing
of
certain
Episcopal
Ornaments
(
Rochet
,
Chimere
,
Square
Cap
,
&c.
)
producing
a
letter
from
the
Earl
of
Warwick
,
that
he
might
be
favourably
dispensed
with
therein
.
The
King
also
thirteen
dayes
after
wrote
to
Archbishop
Cranmer
to
the
same
effect
.
All
would
not
do
,
Resolute
Bishop
Ridley
stood
stiffly
to
his
tackling
,
and
here
was
bandying
of
the
business
betwixt
them
,
and
arguments
urged
on
both
sides
.
The
Earl
of
Warwick
deserted
his
Chaplain
,
and
Hooper
was
sent
to
prison
,
and
kept
sometime
in
durance
,
till
he
condescended
to
conform
himself
in
his
habit
,
and
so
was
consecrated
Bishop
of
Glocester
.
After
this
,
Hooper
bare
a
great
grudge
against
Ridley
,
who
enforced
him
thereunto
:
but
God's
providence
sanctified
their
sufferings
afterwards
into
an
agreement
.
We
must
not
forget
,
that
this
earnest
contest
was
not
about
the
vocation
,
but
about
the
vestments
of
Bishops
.
Thus
we
have
the
first
beginning
of
that
opposition
,
which
hath
continued
ever
since
against
the
Liturgy
,
&c.
and
other
Rites
and
Usages
of
the
Church
of
England
.
About
this
time
John
a
Lasco
,
free
Baron
of
Lasco
in
Poland
,
with
his
Congregation
of
Germans
and
other
strangers
,
took
Sanctuary
this
year
in
England
,
hoping
that
here
they
might
enjoy
that
liberty
of
conscience
,
and
safety
for
their
goods
and
persons
,
which
their
own
Countrey
had
denyed
them
.
The
King
gratiously
vouchsafed
to
give
them
both
entertainment
and
protection
:
assigned
them
the
west
part
of
the
Church
,
belonging
to
the
late
dissolved
house
of
Augustine-friars
for
the
exercise
of
Religious
Worship
,
made
them
a
Corporation
,
consisting
of
a
Superintendent
,
and
four
other
Ministers
,
with
power
to
fill
the
vacant
places
by
a
new
Succession
,
whensoever
any
of
them
should
be
voyd
by
death
or
otherwise
,
the
parties
by
them
chosen
to
be
approved
by
the
King
and
Council
.
He
commanded
the
Lord
Mayor
of
London
,
the
Aldermen
and
Sheriff
;
thereof
,
as
also
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
and
all
other
Bishops
of
this
Realm
not
to
distrub
them
in
the
free
exercise
of
their
Religion
and
Ecclesiastical
Government
,
although
they
differed
from
the
government
and
forms
of
Worship
established
in
the
Church
of
England
.
All
which
he
granted
by
his
Letters
Patents
.
This
John
a
Lasco
quickly
publisheth
a
book
,
Entitled
,
Forma
&
Ratio
totius
Ecclesiastici
Ministerii
,
wherein
he
maintains
the
use
of
sitting
at
the
Holy
Communion
,
contrary
to
the
custom
of
the
Church
of
England
,
to
the
encouragement
of
those
who
impugned
her
Orders
.
A
controversie
moved
by
Bishop
Hooper
touching
the
Episcopal
Habit
,
was
presently
propagated
among
the
rest
of
the
Clergy
touching
Caps
and
Surplices
.
And
in
this
quarrel
John
a
Lasco
engageth
,
countenancing
those
that
refused
to
wear
them
,
Heylin's
Hist.
Edw.
vi
.
and
Writing
to
Martin
Bucer
,
to
declare
against
them
.
But
that
Moderate
and
Learned
Man
severely
reprehended
him
,
and
solidly
answered
all
his
Objections
.
Which
being
sent
to
him
in
the
way
of
letter
,
was
afterward
Printed
and
dispersed
for
keeping
down
that
opposite
humour
.
This
controversie
was
countenanced
by
Peter
Martyr
,
for
besides
his
judgement
which
he
gives
of
these
things
in
some
of
his
Epistles
about
things
of
this
nature
,
he
hath
told
us
of
his
own
practice
in
one
of
his
Epistles
,
Dated
at
Zurick
,
Novemb.
4.
1559.
being
more
than
five
years
after
he
had
left
this
Kingdom
.
That
he
had
never
used
the
Surplice
,
when
he
lived
in
Oxford
,
though
he
were
then
a
Canon
of
Christ-church
,
and
frequently
present
in
the
Quire
.
While
this
controversie
was
on
foot
between
the
Bishops
and
the
Clergy
,
John
Rogers
(
one
of
the
Prebends
of
S.
Paul's
,
and
Divinity
Reader
of
that
Church
then
newly
return'd
from
beyond
the
Seas
)
could
never
be
perswaded
to
wear
any
other
than
the
round
cap
when
he
went
abroad
.
And
being
further
pressed
unto
it
,
he
thus
declared
himself
:
That
he
would
never
agree
to
that
point
of
Conformity
,
but
on
this
condition
,
that
if
the
Bishops
did
require
the
Cap
and
Tippet
,
&c.
then
it
should
also
be
declared
,
that
all
Popish
Priests
(
for
a
distinction
between
them
and
others
)
should
be
constrained
to
wear
upon
their
sleeves
a
Chalice
with
an
Host
upon
it
.
Nay
,
such
peccancy
of
humour
began
then
to
break
out
,
that
it
was
Preached
at
Paul's
Cross
by
one
Steven
,
Curate
of
Katherine
Cree-Church
,
That
it
was
fit
the
names
of
Churches
should
be
altered
,
and
the
names
of
the
dayes
in
the
Week
changed
;
that
Fish-dayes
should
be
altered
,
and
the
Lent
kept
at
any
other
time
,
except
onely
between
Shrovetide
and
Easter
.
John
Stow
Stow's
Chro.
Edw.
vi
.
saith
,
that
he
had
seen
the
said
Steven
to
leave
the
Pulpit
,
and
Preach
to
the
People
out
of
an
high
Elm
,
which
stood
in
the
midst
of
the
Church-yard
,
and
that
being
done
,
to
return
into
the
Church
again
.
The
wings
of
Episcopal
Authority
had
been
so
clipped
,
that
it
was
scarce
able
to
fly
abroad
:
the
sentence
of
Excommunication
had
not
been
in
use
since
the
first
year
of
this
King
;
which
occasioned
not
onely
these
disorders
among
the
Ministers
of
the
Church
but
also
tended
to
the
great
encrease
of
vitiousness
in
all
sorts
of
men
.
So
that
it
was
not
without
cause
that
it
was
called
for
so
earnestly
by
Bishop
Latimer
in
a
Sermon
Preached
before
the
King
.
Bring
into
the
Church
of
England
(
saith
he
)
the
open
Discipline
of
Excommunication
,
that
open
sinners
may
be
stricken
withal
.
Then
upon
the
Complaint
of
Calvin
to
Archbishop
Cranmer
,
and
Peter
Martyr's
bemoaning
the
miserable
condition
of
the
Church
for
want
of
Preachers
,
it
was
ordained
by
the
advice
of
the
Lords
of
the
Council
,
that
of
the
King
's
six
Chaplains
,
which
attended
in
Ordinary
,
two
of
them
should
be
always
about
the
Court
,
and
the
other
four
should
travel
in
Preaching
abroad
.
About
this
time
Sermons
at
Court
were
encreased
also
.
Then
followed
the
taking
down
of
Altars
by
publick
Authority
.
This
being
resolved
on
,
a
Letter
cometh
to
Bishop
Ridley
in
the
name
of
the
King
,
subscribed
by
Sommerset
,
and
other
of
the
Lords
of
the
Council
,
concerning
the
taking
down
of
Altars
,
and
setting
up
Tables
in
the
stead
thereof
.
He
appointed
the
form
of
a
right
Table
to
be
used
in
his
Diocess
,
and
caused
the
wall
standing
on
the
back-side
of
the
Altar
in
the
Church
of
S.
Paul's
to
be
broken
down
for
an
example
to
the
rest
.
No
universal
change
of
Altars
was
there
into
Tables
in
all
parts
of
the
Realm
,
till
the
repealing
of
the
first
Liturgy
,
in
which
the
Priest
is
appointed
to
stand
before
the
midst
of
the
Altar
in
the
Celebration
;
and
the
establishing
of
the
second
,
(
in
which
it
is
required
,
that
the
Priest
shall
stand
on
the
North-side
of
the
Table
)
had
put
an
end
to
the
Dispute
.
About
this
time
David's
Psalms
were
Translated
into
English
metre
,
by
Thomas
Sternhold
,
Esq
and
of
the
Privy
Chamber
to
King
Edward
the
sixth
,
John
Hopkins
,
Robert
Wisdom
,
&c.
and
generally
permitted
to
be
Sung
in
all
Churches
.
Bishop
Gardiner
having
been
a
Prisoner
in
the
Tower
almost
two
years
,
the
Lord
Treasurer
,
the
Earl
of
Warwick
,
and
some
others
are
sent
with
certain
Articles
Signed
by
the
King
and
Lords
of
the
Council
unto
him
.
According
to
the
tenour
hereof
;
he
is
not
only
to
testifie
his
consent
to
the
establishing
the
Holy-dayes
and
Fasting-days
by
the
King's
Authority
,
the
allowance
of
the
publick
Liturgy
,
and
the
abrogating
of
the
Statute
for
the
six
Articles
,
but
to
subscribe
the
confession
of
his
fault
in
his
former
obstinacy
,
after
such
form
and
manner
as
was
there
required
.
To
which
Articles
he
subscribed
,
but
refused
to
put
his
hand
to
the
said
Confession
.
Then
a
Book
of
Articles
is
drawn
up
,
containing
all
the
alteration
made
by
the
King
and
his
Father
,
as
well
by
Act
of
Parliament
as
their
own
injunctions
,
of
all
which
doings
he
is
required
to
signifie
his
approbation
,
to
make
Confession
of
his
fault
with
an
acknowledgment
that
he
had
deserved
the
punishment
which
was
laid
upon
upon
him
:
but
no
such
submission
and
acknowledgment
being
made
as
was
required
,
on
Feb.
14.
1550.
he
was
deprived
,
and
so
remitted
to
the
Tower
.
Notwithstanding
this
severity
,
yet
some
of
the
Bishops
were
so
stiff
in
their
old
opinions
,
that
neither
terrour
nor
perswasions
could
prevail
upon
them
,
either
to
approve
of
the
King's
proceedings
,
or
otherwise
to
advance
the
King's
commands
.
And
some
complyed
so
coldly
with
the
King's
commands
,
as
that
they
were
laid
open
to
the
spoil
,
though
not
to
the
loss
of
their
Bishopricks
:
of
which
last
sort
were
Kitching
Bishop
of
Landaff
,
Salcot
Bishop
of
Salisbury
,
and
Sampson
of
Coventry
and
Lichfield
,
Heylin
.
Hist.
Edw.
vi
.
Heath
of
Worcester
,
Voysie
of
Exeter
,
Day
of
Chichester
,
and
Tonstal
of
Durham
would
not
any
way
comply
.
Voisy
made
such
havock
of
his
Lands
,
before
he
was
brought
under
a
deprivation
,
that
he
left
but
seven
or
eight
of
the
worst
mannours
,
and
those
let
out
into
long
Leases
and
those
charged
with
pensions
,
and
not
above
two
houses
,
both
bare
and
naked
.
He
was
deprived
a
few
moneths
after
Gardiner
,
but
lived
to
be
restored
again
(
as
Gardiner
also
was
)
in
the
time
of
Queen
Mary
.
Day
and
Heath
were
both
deprived
,
October
10.
and
were
both
restored
in
Queen
Maries
Reign
.
Tunstal
was
cast
into
the
Tower
,
December
20.
and
was
there
kept
until
the
dissolution
of
his
Bishoprick
by
Act
of
Parliament
.
To
Gardiner
,
in
the
See
of
Winchester
,
succeeded
Doctor
John
Poynet
,
Bishop
of
Rochester
.
To
Voisy
,
in
the
See
of
Exeter
,
succeeded
Doctor
Miles
Coverdale
,
one
who
had
formerly
assisted
Tyndal
in
translating
the
Bible
into
English
,
and
for
the
most
part
lived
at
Tubing
,
an
University
belonging
to
the
Duke
of
Saxony
,
where
he
received
the
degree
of
Doctor
.
Scory
being
Consecrated
Bishop
of
Rochester
,
in
the
place
of
Poynet
,
on
the
thirtieth
of
August
,
in
the
next
year
following
,
succeeded
Day
of
Chichester
.
Of
which
Bishoprick
he
was
deprived
in
the
time
of
Queen
Mary
,
and
afterwards
preferred
by
Queen
Elizabeth
to
the
See
of
Hereford
,
in
which
place
he
died
.
The
Bishoprick
of
Worcester
was
given
in
Commendam
to
Bishop
Hooper
.
The
Princess
Mary
,
having
been
bred
up
in
the
Romish
Religion
,
would
not
change
her
mind
.
And
although
the
King
and
the
Lords
of
his
Council
,
wrote
many
Letters
to
her
,
to
take
off
those
affections
which
she
bear
to
the
Church
of
Rome
,
yet
she
keeps
up
her
Mass
,
with
all
the
Rites
and
Ceremonies
belonging
to
it
,
and
suffers
divers
persons
(
besides
her
own
domestick
Servants
)
to
be
present
at
it
.
By
the
Emperor's
mediation
,
her
Chaplains
were
permitted
to
celebrate
the
Mass
,
but
with
this
Restriction
,
that
they
should
do
it
in
her
presence
only
.
For
the
transgression
of
which
bounds
,
Mallet
and
Barkley
,
her
two
Chaplains
were
imprisoned
.
Then
a
Plot
is
laid
to
convey
the
Princess
Mary
out
of
the
Realm
by
stealth
;
but
the
King
being
secretly
advertised
of
the
design
,
puts
a
stop
thereunto
.
She
is
brought
to
the
King
,
and
appointed
to
remain
with
him
,
but
none
of
her
Chaplains
permitted
to
have
any
access
unto
her
.
And
notwithstanding
the
mediation
of
the
Emperor
in
her
behalf
,
and
his
threatening
War
,
in
case
she
were
not
permitted
the
free
exercise
of
her
Religion
,
and
although
the
Lords
of
the
Council
generally
seemed
very
inclinable
thereunto
,
yet
the
King
would
not
be
perswaded
thereunto
.
And
when
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
and
the
Bishop
of
London
,
sent
by
the
Lords
to
the
King
,
used
divers
Arguments
to
perswade
him
,
he
declared
a
Resolution
rather
to
venture
life
,
and
all
things
else
that
were
dear
unto
him
,
than
to
give
way
to
any
thing
,
which
he
knew
to
be
against
the
Truth
.
Then
the
King
burst
forth
into
a
flood
of
tears
,
and
the
Bishops
,
on
sight
thereof
,
wept
as
fast
as
He.
The
Bishops
thereupon
withdrew
,
admiring
at
such
great
Abilities
in
so
young
a
King
,
and
blessed
God
for
giving
them
a
Prince
of
such
eminent
piety
.
Then
the
reviewing
the
Liturgy
,
and
the
composing
of
a
Book
of
Articles
,
were
brought
under
consideration
:
This
last
for
the
avoiding
diversities
of
Opinions
,
and
for
the
establishing
consent
touching
true
Religion
,
the
other
for
removing
such
offences
as
had
been
taken
by
Calvin
,
and
his
followers
,
at
some
parts
thereof
.
The
Liturgy
,
so
reviewed
,
was
ratified
by
Act
of
Parliament
in
the
year
following
.
By
the
learned
Writings
of
Erasmus
and
Melancthon
,
together
with
the
Augustan
Confession
(
a
Book
of
Articles
being
thought
necessary
to
be
composed
)
the
Composers
of
those
Articles
were
much
directed
,
using
them
as
subservient
Helps
to
promote
the
service
.
Now
followed
the
fatal
Tragedy
of
the
Duke
of
Sommerset
,
and
we
must
recoyl
a
little
to
fetch
forward
the
cause
thereof
.
Thomas
Seymour
,
Baron
of
Sudely
,
and
Lord
Admiral
,
the
Protector
's
younger
Brother
,
had
married
the
Lady
Katherine
Par
,
the
Relict
of
King
Henry
the
Eighth
.
A
contest
arose
between
their
Wives
about
place
.
The
Women's
discords
derived
themselves
into
their
Husbands
hearts
:
whereupon
,
not
long
after
,
followed
the
death
of
the
Lord
Thomas
Seymour
,
arraigned
for
designing
to
translate
the
Crown
to
himself
.
Soon
after
the
Lords
of
the
Council
accuse
the
Protector
of
many
high
offences
;
his
greatest
Enemy
and
Accuser
was
John
Dudley
,
Earl
of
Warwick
.
Hereupon
he
was
imprisoned
at
Windsor
,
yet
he
was
acquitted
,
though
outed
his
Protectorship
,
restored
,
and
continued
Privy
Counsellor
.
But
after
two
years
and
two
months
his
Enemies
assault
him
afresh
.
He
was
indicted
of
Treason
and
Felony
:
he
was
condemned
for
Felony
,
by
a
new
made
Statute
,
for
plotting
the
death
of
a
Privy
Counsellor
,
namely
,
the
Earl
of
Warwick
.
Here
a
strange
oversight
was
committed
,
that
he
craved
not
the
benefit
of
the
Clergy
,
which
could
not
legally
be
denied
him
.
Not
long
after
he
was
beheaded
on
Tower-hill
,
with
no
less
praise
for
his
piety
and
patience
,
than
pity
and
grief
of
the
beholders
.
In
the
beginning
of
the
year
1551.
happened
a
terrible
Earthquake
at
Croydon
,
and
some
other
Villages
thereabouts
,
in
the
County
of
Surrey
.
Afterwards
six
Dolphins
were
taken
up
in
the
Thames
,
three
at
Queenborough
,
and
three
near
Greenwich
,
the
least
as
big
as
any
Horse
.
Their
coming
up
so
far
,
beheld
by
States-men
,
as
a
presage
of
those
storms
and
Tempests
,
which
afterwards
befel
this
Nation
in
the
death
of
King
Edward
,
and
the
tempestuous
Reign
of
Queen
Mary
.
But
the
saddest
presage
of
all
was
,
the
breaking
out
of
a
Disease
,
called
the
Sweating-sickness
,
appearing
first
at
Shrewsbury
,
on
April
15.
and
afterwards
spreading
by
degrees
over
the
Kingdom
;
wherewith
,
if
any
man
were
attacqued
,
he
died
,
or
escaped
,
within
nine
or
ten
hours
:
if
he
slept
(
as
most
persons
desired
to
do
)
he
died
within
six
hours
:
if
he
took
cold
,
he
died
within
three
hours
.
Sir
Michael
Stanhop
,
Sir
Thomas
Arundel
,
Sir
Ralph
Vane
,
and
Sir
Miles
Partridge
,
were
arraigned
,
and
condemned
to
dye
.
The
two
first
were
beheaded
,
and
the
two
last
hanged
,
at
what
time
they
solemnly
protested
,
(
taking
God
to
witness
)
that
they
never
practised
Treason
against
the
King
,
&c.
Vane
adding
,
after
all
the
rest
,
that
his
Blood
would
make
the
pillow
of
the
Earl
of
Warwick
(
lately
made
Duke
of
Northumberland
)
uneasie
to
him
.
Then
fifty
six
Articles
are
drawn
up
against
Robert
Farrars
,
Bishop
of
St.
Davids
,
and
a
Commission
issued
March
9.
to
enquire
into
the
merit
of
those
Articles
charged
against
him
:
on
the
return
whereof
he
is
indicted
of
a
Praemunire
at
the
Assizes
at
Carmarthen
,
committed
thereupon
to
prison
,
where
he
remained
all
the
rest
of
King
Edward's
time
;
never
restored
to
liberty
till
he
came
to
the
Stake
in
Queen
Maries
Reign
.
On
the
twenty
ninth
of
January
,
1552.
The
Bishoprick
of
Westminster
was
dissolved
by
the
King's
Letters
Patents
,
by
which
the
County
of
Middlesex
,
which
had
before
been
laid
unto
it
,
was
restored
unto
the
See
of
London
.
The
Book
of
Articles
made
in
the
Synod
at
London
,
may
be
truly
said
to
be
the
work
of
that
Convocation
,
though
many
Members
of
it
never
saw
the
same
till
the
Book
was
published
:
in
regard
(
as
Mr.
Philpot
saith
)
that
they
had
a
Synodical
Authority
,
to
make
such
spiritual
Laws
,
Fox
Acts
and
Monuments
.
fol.
1282.
as
to
them
seemed
to
be
necessary
or
convenient
,
for
the
use
of
the
Church
.
Moreover
the
Church
of
England
,
for
the
first
five
years
of
Queen
Elizabeth
,
retained
these
Articles
and
no
other
,
as
the
publick
Tenents
of
the
Church
in
point
of
Doctrine
;
which
she
had
not
done
,
had
they
been
commended
to
her
by
a
less
Authority
than
a
Convocation
.
These
Articles
were
confirmed
and
published
for
such
,
by
the
King's
Authority
,
Regiâ
authoritate
in
lucem
editi
.
as
appears
further
by
the
Title
in
due
form
of
Law
.
And
so
it
is
resolved
by
Philpot
,
in
behalf
of
the
Catechism
which
came
out
,
Anno
1553.
with
the
approbation
of
the
said
Bishops
and
learned
Men.
The
Liturgy
being
setled
and
confirmed
in
Parliament
,
was
by
the
King's
command
translated
into
French
,
for
the
use
of
the
Isles
of
Guernsey
and
Jersey
,
and
such
as
lived
within
the
Marches
and
command
of
Calais
.
But
no
such
care
was
taken
for
Wales
,
till
the
fifth
year
of
the
Reign
of
Queen
Elizabeth
,
nor
of
the
Realm
of
Ireland
from
that
time
to
this
,
as
Doctor
Heylin
observeth
.
Then
that
which
concerns
as
well
the
nature
,
as
the
number
of
such
Feasts
and
Fasts
,
as
were
thought
fit
to
be
retained
,
were
determined
and
concluded
on
by
an
Act
of
Parliament
.
Which
Statute
(
though
repealed
in
the
first
of
Queen
Mary
,
and
not
revived
till
the
first
year
of
the
Reign
of
King
James
,
yet
)
in
effect
it
stood
in
force
,
and
was
more
punctually
observed
in
the
time
of
Queen
Elizabeth's
Reign
,
than
after
the
reviving
of
it
.
The
next
care
was
,
that
Consecrated
places
should
not
be
profaned
by
fighting
and
quarrelling
,
as
they
had
been
lately
since
the
Episcopal
Jurisdiction
,
and
the
ancient
Censures
of
the
Church
were
lessened
in
Authority
and
reputation
.
This
Parliament
ending
on
April
15.
the
Book
of
Common-prayer
was
printed
and
published
,
which
had
been
therein
authorized
.
And
the
time
being
come
which
was
set
for
the
officiating
it
,
there
appeared
much
alteration
in
the
outward
solemnities
of
Divine
service
,
to
which
the
people
had
formerly
been
so
long
accustomed
.
For
by
the
Rubrick
of
that
Book
,
no
Copes
,
or
other
Vestures
were
required
,
but
the
Surplice
only
,
whereby
the
Bishops
must
forbear
their
Crosses
,
and
the
Prebends
of
St.
Paul's
leave
off
their
Hoods
.
To
give
a
beginning
hereunto
,
Bishop
Ridley
,
then
Bishop
of
London
,
did
the
same
day
officiate
the
Divine
service
of
the
Morning
in
his
Rochet
only
,
without
Cope
or
Vestment
:
he
preached
also
at
St.
Paul's
in
the
afternoon
,
the
Lord
Mayor
,
Aldermen
,
and
Companies
in
their
best
Liveries
in
their
Companies
being
present
at
it
,
the
Sermon
tending
(
for
the
most
part
)
to
the
setting
forth
the
said
Book
of
Common-prayer
,
and
to
acquaint
them
with
the
Reasons
of
such
alterations
as
were
made
therein
.
On
the
same
day
the
new
Liturgy
was
executed
also
in
all
the
Churches
of
London
.
Not
long
after
,
the
upper
Quire
in
St.
Paul's
Church
,
where
the
high
Altar
stood
was
broken
down
,
and
all
the
Quire
thereabout
,
and
the
Communion-table
was
placed
in
the
lower
part
of
the
Quire
,
where
the
Minister
sang
the
daily
Service
.
Then
publick
care
was
had
for
the
founding
and
establishing
of
the
new
Hospital
in
the
late
dissolved
House
of
Gray-Friers
near
Newgate
in
London
,
and
that
of
St.
Thomas
in
the
Borough
of
Southwark
:
of
which
ye
are
to
know
,
that
the
Church
belonging
to
the
said
House
,
together
with
the
Cloysters
,
and
almost
all
the
publick
building
which
stood
within
the
liberties
and
precincts
thereof
,
had
the
good
hap
to
escape
that
ruine
,
which
generally
befell
all
other
Houses
of
that
nature
.
And
standing
undemolished
till
the
last
times
of
King
Henry
,
it
was
given
by
him
,
not
many
dayes
before
his
death
,
to
the
City
of
London
,
together
with
the
late
dissolved
Priory
,
called
Little
St.
Bartholomews
.
In
which
Donation
there
was
reference
had
to
a
double
end
:
The
one
for
the
relieving
the
poor
out
of
the
Rents
of
such
Messuages
and
Tenements
,
as
in
the
Grants
thereof
are
contained
and
specified
.
The
other
for
constituting
a
Parish-church
in
the
Church
of
the
said
dissolved
Grey-friers
,
not
only
for
the
use
of
such
as
lived
within
the
precincts
of
the
said
two
Houses
,
but
for
the
Inhabitants
of
the
Parish
of
St.
Nicholas
in
the
Shambles
,
and
of
St.
Edwin's
,
situate
in
Warwick-lane
,
near
Newgate-market
.
Which
Churches
,
with
all
the
Rents
and
profits
belonging
to
them
,
were
given
to
the
City
at
the
same
time
also
,
and
for
advancing
the
same
ends
,
together
with
five
hundred
Marks
per
annum
for
ever
:
The
Church
of
the
Gray-friers
to
be
from
thence-forth
called
Christ-church
,
founded
by
King
Henry
the
Eight
.
All
which
was
signified
to
the
City
,
in
a
Sermon
Preached
at
Paul's
Cross
,
by
the
Bishop
of
Rochester
,
on
January
13.
being
but
a
fortnight
before
his
death
:
Mass
was
said
in
this
Church
by
the
Parishoners
that
resorted
to
it
according
to
the
King's
donation
.
After
which
(
in
the
first
year
of
King
Edward
)
followed
the
taking
down
of
the
said
two
Churches
,
and
building
several
Tenements
on
the
ground
of
the
Churches
and
Church-yards
,
the
Rents
thereof
to
be
employed
about
the
further
maintenance
and
relief
of
the
Poor
,
Living
and
Loytering
,
in
and
about
the
City
.
But
these
things
being
not
sufficient
to
carry
on
the
work
to
the
end
desired
,
it
hapned
that
Bishop
Rialey
,
Preaching
before
King
Edward
,
insisted
much
upon
some
constant
course
for
relief
of
the
poor
:
which
Sermon
wrought
so
far
upon
him
,
that
having
sent
for
the
Bishop
,
he
gave
him
great
thanks
for
his
good
Exhortation
,
whose
advice
was
,
that
Letters
should
be
written
to
the
Lord
Mayor
and
Alderman
.
By
whom
it
was
agreed
,
that
ageneral
contribution
should
be
made
by
all
rich
and
well-affected
Citizens
,
toward
the
advancement
of
a
work
so
necessary
for
the
publick
good
.
Every
man
subscribed
according
to
his
ability
,
and
Books
were
drawn
in
every
ward
of
the
City
,
containing
the
sum
of
that
Relief
which
they
had
contributed
:
Which
being
delivered
to
Sir
Richard
Dobbs
,
Lord
Mayor
of
London
,
were
by
him
tendred
to
the
King's
Commissioners
,
February
17.
The
buildings
in
the
Gray-friers
were
forthwith
repaired
:
The
like
reparation
was
also
made
of
the
ruinous
buildings
belonging
to
the
late
dissolved
Priory
of
St.
Thomas
in
Southwark
,
which
the
Citizens
had
then
newly
bought
of
the
King
,
to
serve
for
an
Hospital
for
such
Sick
,
Wounded
,
and
Impotent
persons
,
as
were
not
fit
to
be
intermingled
with
the
sound
:
on
November
23.
the
Sick
and
Maimed
people
were
taken
into
the
Hospital
of
St.
Thomas
;
and
into
Christ-church
Hospital
,
to
the
number
of
four
hundred
Children
;
all
of
them
to
have
Meat
,
Drink
,
Lodging
and
Clothes
,
at
the
charge
of
the
City
;
till
other
means
could
be
provided
for
their
maintenance
.
On
April
10.
this
King
gave
for
ever
to
the
City
his
Palace
of
Bridewel
(
erected
by
King
Henry
the
Eighth
)
to
be
employed
for
such
Vagabonds
and
thriftless
poor
,
as
should
be
sent
thither
to
receive
chastisement
,
and
be
forced
to
labour
.
He
caused
the
Master
and
Brethren
of
the
Hospital
in
the
Savoy
,
founded
by
King
Henry
the
Seventh
,
to
resign
the
same
into
his
hands
,
with
all
the
Lands
and
Goods
thereunto
belonging
:
out
of
which
he
presently
bestowed
the
yearly
rent
of
seven
hundred
Marks
,
with
all
the
Beds
,
Bedding
,
and
other
Furniture
found
therein
toward
the
maintenance
of
the
said
Work-house
,
and
the
Hospital
of
St.
Thomas
in
Southwark
;
The
Grant
whereof
he
confirmed
by
his
Letters
Patents
,
adding
thereunto
a
Mortmain
for
enabling
the
City
to
purchase
Lands
to
the
value
of
four
thousand
Marks
per
annum
,
for
the
better
maintenance
of
those
and
the
other
Hospitals
.
Thus
he
was
entitled
to
the
Foundation
of
Bridewel
,
St.
Bartholomews
,
and
St.
Thomas
,
without
any
charge
to
himself
.
Nothing
else
memorable
about
this
time
,
but
the
coming
of
Cardan
,
the
death
of
Leland
,
and
the
preferment
of
Doctor
John
Tailor
to
the
See
of
Lincoln
.
Then
for
raising
Money
,
a
Commission
was
speeded
into
all
parts
of
the
Kingdom
,
under
pretence
of
selling
such
of
the
Lands
and
Goods
of
Chanteries
as
remained
unsould
,
but
in
plain
truth
(
saith
Dr.
Heylin
)
to
seize
upon
all
Hangings
,
Altar-clothes
,
Fronts
,
Parafronts
,
Copes
of
all
sorrs
,
with
all
manner
of
Plate
,
which
was
to
be
found
in
any
Cathedral
or
Parochial
Church
.
Certain
Instructions
were
likewise
given
to
the
Commissioners
,
by
which
they
were
to
regulate
themselves
in
their
proceedings
.
This
was
done
generally
in
all
parts
of
the
Realm
,
into
which
the
Commissioners
began
their
Circuits
in
the
moneth
of
April
;
which
general
seizure
being
made
,
they
were
to
leave
one
Chalice
,
with
certain
Table-clothes
for
the
use
of
the
Communion-table
,
as
the
said
Commissioners
should
think
fit
;
the
Jewels
,
Plate
,
and
ready
Money
,
to
be
delivered
to
the
Master
of
the
King's
Jewels
,
in
the
Tower
of
London
;
the
Copes
of
cloth
of
Gold
,
and
Tissue
to
be
brought
into
the
King's
Wardrobe
;
the
rest
to
be
turned
into
ready
Money
,
and
that
Money
to
be
paid
to
Sir
William
Peckham
the
King's
Cofferer
,
for
the
defraying
the
charges
of
his
Majesties
houshold
.
But
some
there
were
,
who
were
as
much
before
hand
with
the
Kings
Commissioners
in
embezeling
the
Plate
,
Jewels
,
and
other
Furnitures
,
as
the
Commissioners
did
intend
to
be
with
the
King
,
in
keeping
all
or
most
part
to
themselves
.
The
King
grew
Sick
,
and
weak
in
B●●y
,
in
which
Estate
Duke
Dudley
so
prevailed
upon
him
,
that
he
consented
to
a
transposition
of
the
Crown
,
from
his
natural
Sisters
,
to
the
Children
of
the
Dutchess
of
Suffolk
.
His
dying
Prayer
,
as
is
was
taken
from
his
mouth
,
was
in
these
words
following
.
Lord
God
,
deliver
me
out
of
the
miseries
of
this
wretched
and
sinful
life
,
and
take
me
among
thy
chosen
.
Howbeit
,
not
my
will
,
but
thy
will
be
done
,
Lord
,
I
commit
my
Spirit
to
Thee
.
O
Lord
,
thou
knowest
,
how
happy
it
were
for
me
to
be
with
Thee
;
yet
for
thy
chosens
sake
send
me
life
and
health
,
that
I
may
truly
serve
Thee
.
O
my
Lord
God
,
bless
thy
people
,
and
save
thine
inheritance
.
O
Lord
God
,
save
thy
chosen
people
of
England
.
O
my
Lo●d
God
,
defend
this
Realm
from
Papistry
,
and
maintain
thy
true
Religion
,
that
I
and
my
people
may
truly
praise
thy
Name
for
Jesus
Christ
his
sake
.
Thus
endeth
the
Reign
of
that
good
King
Edward
the
Sixth
,
sufficiently
remarkable
for
the
progress
of
Reformation
,
but
so
distracted
unto
Sides
and
Factions
,
that
in
the
end
the
King
himself
became
a
prey
to
the
strongest
party
,
which
(
saith
Dr.
Heylin
)
could
not
otherwise
be
safe
but
in
his
destruction
,
contrived
on
purpose
(
as
it
was
generally
supposed
)
to
smooth
the
way
to
the
advancement
of
the
Lady
Jane
Gray
(
newly
married
to
Guilford
Dudley
,
fourth
Son
to
Duke
Dudley
)
to
the
Royal
Throne
.
King
Edward
being
dead
,
the
Princess
Mary
hearing
of
her
Brothers
death
,
and
knowing
her
own
right
,
writeth
to
the
Lords
of
the
Council
,
●nd
challengeth
them
for
their
doing
,
making
her
claim
to
the
Crown
.
To
whom
the
Council
writeth
again
,
as
to
a
Subject
,
requiring
her
to
rest
so
contented
:
The
Lady
Jane
was
on
the
same
day
that
these
Letters
were
dispatched
,
brought
by
Water
to
the
Tower
,
attended
by
a
Noble
Train
of
both
Sexes
,
from
Durham-house
in
the
Strand
,
where
she
had
been
entertained
,
as
part
of
Dudley's
Family
,
ever
since
her
Marriage
:
When
she
came
into
the
presence
of
the
two
Dukes
,
her
Father
and
Father
in
Law
,
it
was
signified
to
Her
by
the
Duke
of
Northumberland
,
that
the
King
was
dead
,
and
that
he
had
declared
her
for
his
next
Successor
in
the
Crown
.
After
a
pithy
speech
,
the
poor
Lady
found
her self
in
a
great
perplexity
.
But
being
wearied
at
last
with
their
importunities
,
and
overcome
by
the
entreaties
of
her
Husband
whom
she
dearly
loved
,
she
submitted
unto
that
necessity
which
she
could
not
vanquish
.
Hereupon
the
two
Dukes
,
with
all
the
rest
of
the
Lords
of
the
Council
,
swore
Allegiance
to
he●
.
And
on
the
same
day
about
five
a
Clock
in
the
afternoon
,
they
solemnly
caused
her
to
be
Proclaimed
Queen
of
England
,
France
and
Ireland
,
&c.
in
many
of
the
principal
Streets
of
London
;
and
after
by
degrees
,
in
most
of
the
chief
Cities
,
Towns
,
and
places
of
greatest
concourse
.
In
which
Proclamation
it
was
signified
,
That
by
the
Letters
Patents
of
the
late
King
Edward
,
the
Lady
Jane
Gray
,
eldest
Daughter
to
the
Dutchess
of
Suffolk
,
had
been
declared
,
to
be
his
true
and
lawful
Successor
to
the
Crown
of
England
,
the
same
to
be
enjoyed
after
her
decease
by
the
heirs
of
her
Body
,
&c.
Which
Proclamation
,
though
it
was
published
in
the
City
with
all
due
solemnities
,
and
that
the
concourse
of
the
people
was
great
,
yet
their
acclamations
were
few
.
The
next
day
the
Lords
were
advertised
,
that
many
persons
of
quality
were
drawn
together
at
Kenning-hall
Castle
in
Norfolk
,
to
offer
their
service
and
assistance
to
the
Princess
Mary
;
as
the
Earl
of
Bath
,
Sir
Thomas
Wharton
,
Son
of
the
Lord
Wharton
,
Sir
John
Mordant
,
Son
of
the
Lord
Mordant
,
Sir
William
Drury
,
Sir
John
Shelton
,
Sir
Henry
Beddingfield
,
Sir
Henry
Jerningham
,
Sir
John
Sulierd
,
Mr.
Richard
Higham
of
Lincolns-Inne
.
It
was
advertised
also
,
that
the
Earl
of
Sussex
,
and
his
Son
,
were
coming
towards
her
with
their
Forces
.
Therefore
they
perswade
Duke
Dudley
to
take
the
conduct
of
some
Forces
,
that
might
scatter
those
small
companies
before
they
grew
unto
an
Head
.
Swelled
with
vain-glory
,
he
suffered
himself
to
be
entreated
to
an
action
of
such
fame
and
merit
as
that
which
they
presented
to
him
.
So
the
Duke
with
the
Marquess
of
Northampton
,
the
Lord
Gray
,
and
divers
others
of
note
,
on
July
14.
1553.
set
forward
with
eighth
thousand
Foot
,
and
two
thousand
Horse
.
The
Duke's
March
was
slow
.
In
the
mean
time
,
Edward
Hastings
,
the
Earl
of
Huntingdon's
Brother
,
having
an
Army
of
four
thousand
Foot
,
committed
to
him
by
the
Duke
of
Northumberland
,
left
his
party
,
and
went
to
the
Lady
Mary
.
And
six
great
●hips
which
lay
before
Yarmouth
to
intercept
her
,
if
she
should
attempt
to
fly
,
now
at
the
perswasion
of
Mr
Jerningham
,
came
to
her
aid
.
Upon
news
hereof
,
the
Lords
themselves
assembled
at
Baynards
Castle
:
first
the
Earl
of
Arundel
,
then
the
Earl
of
Pembrook
,
fell
to
Invectives
against
Northumberland
,
and
then
all
the
Lords
consenting
with
them
,
they
called
for
the
Lord
Mayor
,
and
in
London
Proclaimed
the
Lady
Mary
Queen
.
She
was
also
Proclaimed
by
divers
other
Lords
and
Knights
in
divers
other
Counties
;
which
the
Duke
(
being
then
at
Bury
)
hearing
of
,
he
returneth
to
Cambridge
,
and
there
himself
Proclaimeth
the
Lady
Mary
Queen
:
but
the
next
morning
he
was
arrested
by
Henry
Fitz-Alan
,
Earl
of
Arundel
,
by
Order
from
Queen
Mary
.
Together
with
the
Duke
,
his
three
Sons
,
John
,
Ambrose
,
and
Henry
,
the
Earl
of
Huntingdon
,
Sir
Andrew
Dudley
,
the
two
Gates
,
Sir
Thomas
Palmer
,
and
Doctor
Sands
,
were
committed
to
the
Tower
:
and
the
next
day
the
Marquess
of
Northampton
,
the
Lord
Robert
Dudley
,
and
Sir
Robert
Corbet
.
Before
which
time
,
the
Duke
of
Suffolk
,
entring
his
Daughter
the
Lady
Janes
Chamber
,
told
her
,
she
must
now
put
off
her
Royal
robes
,
which
she
willingly
did
.
Doctor
Nicholas
Ridley
,
Bishop
of
London
,
was
also
sent
to
the
Tower
,
on
July
27.
Sir
Roger
Cholmley
,
Chief
Justice
of
the
King's
Bench
;
and
Sir
Edward
Mountague
,
Chief
Justice
of
the
Common
Pleas
;
the
Duke
of
Suffolk
,
were
sent
also
to
the
Tower
;
Sir
John
Cheek
,
on
the
morrow
after
,
bringing
up
the
Reer
:
But
the
Duke
of
Suffolk
(
Father
to
the
Lady
Jane
)
was
released
within
three
days
after
.
The
Duke
of
Northumberland
,
together
with
John
Earl
of
Warwick
,
his
eldest
Son
,
and
William
,
Marquess
of
Northampton
,
were
brought
to
their
Trial
,
on
August
8.
before
Thomas
Duke
of
Norfolk
,
then
sitting
as
Lord
High
Steward
in
Westminster
Hall
:
they
all
confessed
the
Indictment
,
and
received
Judgment
in
the
usual
form
.
The
like
Judgement
passed
on
the
morrow
after
,
on
Sir
John
Gates
,
Sir
Henry
Gates
,
Sir
Andrew
Dudley
,
and
Sir
Thomas
Palmer
.
The
Duke
was
on
August
22.
beheaded
,
and
professed
himself
a
Papist
at
his
death
,
whose
Recantation
the
Papists
published
abroad
with
great
rejoycing
,
with
him
died
also
Sir
John
Gates
,
and
Sir
Thomas
Palmer
:
which
Palmer
confessed
the
Faith
he
learned
in
the
Gospel
,
and
lamented
that
he
had
not
lived
more
as
became
the
Gospel
.
The
Queen
had
dissolved
her
Camp
at
Farmingham
,
consisting
of
fourteen
thousand
men
,
and
prepared
for
her
journey
toward
London
.
Being
met
on
the
way
by
the
Princess
Elizabeth
,
her
Sister
,
attended
with
a
thousand
Horse
,
she
entred
London
on
the
third
of
August
.
Taking
possession
of
the
Tower
,
she
was
first
welcommed
thither
by
Thomas
,
the
old
Duke
of
Norfolk
,
Anne
Dutchess
of
Sommerset
,
Edward
Lord
Courtney
,
eldest
Son
to
the
late
Marquess
of
Exceter
,
and
Dr.
Stephen
Gardiner
,
Bishop
of
Winchester
,
all
which
she
lifted
from
the
ground
,
called
them
her
Prisoners
,
gratiously
kissing
them
,
and
restoring
them
shortly
after
to
their
former
liberty
.
Taking
the
Great
Seal
from
Dr.
Goodrick
,
Bishop
of
Ely
,
within
two
days
after
she
gave
it
for
the
present
to
Sir
Nicholas
Hare
,
whom
she
made
Master
of
the
Rolls
,
and
afterwards
committed
it
together
with
the
Title
of
Lord
Chancellor
to
the
said
Bishop
of
Winchester
,
then
actually
restored
to
that
See
.
Having
performed
the
obsequies
of
her
Brother
,
on
the
ninth
and
tenth
,
she
removes
her
Court
to
Whitehal
;
on
September
she
passeth
thence
to
the
Tower
by
Water
,
attended
by
her
Sister
,
and
a
great
Train
of
Noble
Ladies
,
and
made
her
return
through
the
principal
Streets
of
the
same
City
,
on
the
last
of
the
same
moneth
,
in
a
most
stately
manner
:
and
the
next
day
proceeded
in
like
pomp
to
the
Abbey-Church
at
Westminster
,
where
she
was
met
by
the
Silver
Crosses
,
Dr.
P.
Heylins
History
of
Queen
Mary
.
and
eighty
Singing-men
,
all
in
rich
Coaps
(
so
sudden
a
recruit
was
made
of
these
sacred
Vestments
)
among
whom
went
the
new
Dean
of
Westminster
,
Dr.
Weston
,
and
diverse
Chaplains
of
her
own
,
each
of
them
bearing
in
their
hand
some
ensign
or
other
.
After
them
marched
ten
Bishops
(
which
were
all
as
remained
of
her
perswasion
)
with
their
Miters
,
rich
Coaps
,
and
Crosier-staves
.
The
Sermon
was
preached
by
Doctor
Day
,
whom
she
had
restored
to
the
See
of
Chichester
.
The
solemnity
of
the
Coronation
was
performed
by
the
Bishop
of
Winchester
,
the
new
Lord
Chancellor
.
Cranmer
,
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
being
then
committed
to
the
Tower
.
Till
this
time
none
was
more
dear
to
her
than
her
Sister
,
the
Lady
Elizabeth
,
but
after
her
Coronation
she
estranged
her self
from
her
.
She
preferred
Henry
Ratcliff
,
Earl
of
Sussex
,
to
the
society
of
the
Garter
,
which
honour
she
conferred
on
his
Son
Thomas
after
his
decease
,
and
to
be
covered
in
her
presence
at
all
times
and
places
,
according
to
the
custom
of
the
Grandees
in
the
Realm
of
Spain
.
She
also
advanced
the
Earl
of
Arundel
,
to
the
Office
of
Lord
Steward
.
She
made
Sir
Edward
Hastings
Master
of
the
Horse
,
and
Knight
of
the
Carter
,
and
afterwards
Lord
Chamberlain
of
the
Houshold
,
and
Lord
Hastings
of
Loughborough
.
She
honoured
Sir
John
Williams
,
with
the
Title
of
Lord
Williams
of
Thame
.
She
preferred
Sir
Henry
Jerningham
,
to
be
Captain
of
her
Guard
:
and
afterwards
Sir
Thomas
Tresham
was
created
Lord
Prior
of
the
Order
of
St.
John
of
Jerusalem
.
She
preferred
her
old
Servants
,
Hopton
,
her
old
Chaplain
,
to
the
See
of
Norwich
,
Rochester
,
to
be
Comptroller
of
her
Houshold
,
Inglefield
to
be
Master
of
the
Wards
,
and
Walgrave
to
be
Master
of
the
Wardrobe
.
Sir
John
Gage
(
a
zealous
Papist
)
was
made
Lord
Chamberlain
of
her
Houshold
,
when
she
came
first
to
the
Tower
.
Bishop
Bonner
was
discharged
of
the
Marshalsey
,
and
Bishop
Tunstal
from
the
King's
Bench
,
within
two
days
after
.
Bonner
is
restored
to
his
See
of
London
,
and
Tunstal
to
Durham
,
and
an
Act
of
Parliament
procured
for
the
restoring
of
the
Church
of
Durham
to
all
its
Lands
,
and
Jurisdictions
,
of
which
it
stood
divested
by
the
late
Act
of
Dissolution
,
made
in
the
last
year
of
the
deceased
King
.
Coverdale
was
displaced
from
the
See
of
Exeter
,
Scory
from
that
of
Chichester
,
and
Hooper
from
the
Commendatory
of
the
See
of
Worcester
:
to
which
Sees
Voisy
,
Day
,
and
Heath
,
were
again
restored
.
The
like
course
also
followed
for
the
depriving
of
all
Deans
,
Dignitaries
,
and
Parochial
Ministers
,
who
had
succeeded
into
any
of
those
preferments
,
during
the
Reign
of
the
two
last
Kings
.
Doctor
Cox
was
on
August
5.
brought
to
the
Marshalsey
,
and
spoiled
of
his
Deaneries
of
Christ-church
and
Westminster
,
to
make
room
for
Doctor
Richard
Marshal
in
the
one
,
and
Doctor
Hugh
Weston
in
the
other
.
Peter
Martyr
coming
from
Oxford
to
London
,
where
for
a
time
he
was
commanded
to
keep
his
House
,
but
was
soon
after
suffered
to
return
into
his
own
Countrey
.
A
Letter
was
sent
at
the
same
time
to
the
Mayor
of
Coventry
,
to
set
at
liberty
Hugh
Simons
,
if
he
would
recant
his
Sermon
,
or
else
to
stay
him
.
A
little
before
Mr.
Bradford
,
Mr.
Vernon
,
and
Mr.
Beacon
,
Preachers
were
committed
to
the
Tower
:
A
Letter
was
sent
to
the
Sheriffs
of
Buckingham
and
Bedford
,
for
the
apprehending
Mr.
Fisher
,
Parson
of
Amersham
:
Another
Letter
was
sent
to
the
Bishop
of
Norwich
,
not
to
suffer
any
to
Preach
or
Expound
openly
the
Scriptures
,
without
special
License
from
the
Queen
.
Mr.
John
Rogers
,
Preacher
,
was
confined
to
his
own
house
.
Hooper
and
Coverdale
being
cited
to
appear
before
the
Lords
of
the
Council
,
did
appear
.
Hooper
was
committed
to
the
Fleet
,
and
Coverdale
commanded
to
attend
the
pleasure
of
the
Lords
.
Fisher
of
Amersham
,
and
Hugh
Sanders
,
Vicar
of
St.
Michaels
in
Coventry
,
appeared
also
before
the
Council
.
Hugh
Latimer
appeared
also
,
and
was
committed
to
the
Tower
.
Doctor
Bourn
,
Archdeacon
of
London
,
Preaching
at
Pauls
Cross
,
in
favour
of
Bishop
Bonner
(
there
present
at
the
Sermon
)
inveighed
against
some
proceedings
in
the
time
of
the
late
King
Edward
,
:
which
so
incensed
the
people
,
that
a
great
tumult
arose
upon
it
,
some
pelting
with
Stones
,
others
crying
aloud
,
Pull
him
down
;
and
one
(
who
could
never
be
known
)
flinging
a
Dagger
at
his
Head
,
which
after
was
found
sticking
in
a
post
of
the
Pulpit
.
The
Preacher
with
difficulty
was
secured
in
a
School
adjoyning
:
By
reason
of
which
tumult
the
Lords
of
the
Council
with
the
Lord
Mayor
and
Aldermen
,
took
order
,
that
every
Housholder
should
cause
their
Children
and
Apprentices
to
keep
their
own
Parish-churches
upon
Holidays
:
order
was
taken
for
preventing
the
like
Tumult
on
the
Sunday
following
.
A
Sermon
was
Preached
at
the
Cross
by
Doctor
Watson
,
who
(
afterwards
was
Bishop
of
Lincoln
)
for
whose
security
many
Lords
of
the
Council
were
there
present
,
and
Jerningham
,
Captain
of
the
Guard
with
two
hundred
of
his
Yeomen
,
standing
round
about
the
Pulpit
with
their
Halberts
.
Then
care
was
taken
,
that
nothing
should
be
Preached
in
private
Churches
,
contrary
to
the
Doctrine
which
was
,
and
should
be
Taught
at
the
Cross
,
by
them
which
were
appointed
to
it
.
It
was
further
ordered
,
that
every
Alderman
in
his
Ward
should
send
for
the
Curates
of
every
Church
within
their
Liberties
,
and
warn
them
not
onely
to
forbear
Preaching
themselves
,
but
also
not
to
suffer
any
other
to
Preach
,
or
make
any
open
reading
of
Scripture
in
their
Churches
,
unless
the
said
Preachers
were
severally
Licensed
by
the
Queen
.
For
eight
weeks
after
the
Proclaiming
of
Mary
Queen
,
Protestantism
and
Popery
were
together
set
on
foot
,
the
former
hoping
to
be
continued
,
the
latter
labouring
to
be
restored
.
Seeing
by
the
fidelity
of
the
Norfolk
and
Suffolk
Protestant
Gentry
,
the
Queen
was
much
advantaged
for
the
speedy
recovering
of
her
Right
,
they
conceived
,
that
as
she
by
them
had
regained
the
Crown
,
so
they
under
her
should
enjoy
their
Consciences
.
The
Papists
put
their
Ceremonies
in
execution
,
presuming
on
the
Queens
private
practice
,
and
publick
countenance
.
The
Queen
on
August
18.
puts
forth
a
Proclamation
,
declaring
her self
for
the
Popish
Religion
,
which
she
resolves
to
observe
for
her self
,
wishing
her
Subjects
to
follow
her
example
,
yet
that
she
mindeth
not
to
compel
any
thereunto
,
until
such
time
as
further
order
by
common
Assent
may
be
taken
therein
:
forbidding
all
her
Subjects
to
move
Seditions
at
their
perils
;
and
the
Printing
of
any
Book
,
Rhyme
,
Enterlude
,
or
Treatise
,
without
her
special
License
for
the
same
:
and
likewise
to
Preach
,
or
by
way
of
reading
in
Churches
,
or
other
publick
or
private
places
(
except
in
Schools
of
the
Universities
)
to
Interpret
or
Teach
any
Scripture
,
or
any
points
of
Doctrine
concerning
Religion
.
Hereupon
many
of
the
people
in
divers
places
,
received
their
old
Religion
,
erected
again
their
Altars
,
and
used
the
Mass
,
and
Latin
Service
,
as
was
wont
to
be
in
King
Henrie's
time
.
In
Cambridge
the
Vice-chancellor
chalenged
one
Peirson
,
on
Octob.
3.
for
officiating
the
Communion
,
in
his
own
Parish
Church
,
in
the
English
Tongue
:
and
on
the
26.
displaced
Doctor
Madew
,
Master
of
Clare-hall
,
for
being
Married
.
In
like
manner
,
some
of
the
Popish
party
in
King's
Colledge
,
on
the
28th
of
the
same
moneth
,
officiated
the
Divine
Service
in
the
Latin
Tongue
.
At
Oxford
,
John
Jewel
was
chosen
to
pen
the
first
gratulatory
Letter
to
the
Queen
,
in
the
name
of
the
University
,
an
Office
imposed
on
him
by
his
Enemies
.
Doctor
Tresham
,
a
Van-currier
,
before
authority
,
repaired
the
great
Bell
in
Christ-church
and
named
it
Mary
.
Harley
,
Bishop
of
Hereford
,
and
Taylor
of
Lincoln
(
two
of
the
last
of
King
Edward's
Bishops
)
were
present
at
the
opening
of
the
Parliament
,
Octob.
10.
But
no
sooner
was
the
Mass
begun
(
though
not
then
restored
by
any
Law
)
than
they
left
the
Church
.
For
which
the
Bishop
of
Lincoln
,
being
first
examined
,
and
making
profession
of
his
Faith
,
prevented
the
malice
of
his
enemies
by
a
timely
Death
.
And
Harley
(
upon
information
of
his
Marriage
)
was
presently
excluded
from
the
Parliament-house
,
and
not
long
after
from
his
Bishoprick
also
.
Hereupon
Bishop
Barlow
of
Wells
,
and
Scory
of
Chichester
,
passed
beyond
the
Seas
,
followed
not
long
after
by
Bishop
Poinet
of
Winchester
.
On
November
3.
Archbishop
Cranmer
was
arraigned
at
the
Guild-hall
in
London
,
with
the
Lord
Guilford
Dudley
,
the
late
Queen
Jane
,
his
Wife
,
and
others
,
all
of
them
being
attainted
and
condemned
of
Treason
.
After
Peter
Martyr
had
quit
the
Realm
,
his
Wive's
Body
having
been
buried
in
the
Church
of
St.
Frideswid
,
was
afterward
by
publick
order
taken
out
of
the
Grave
,
and
buried
in
a
common
dunghill
.
John
a
Lasco
,
was
forced
to
dissolve
his
Congregation
,
and
He
with
his
Strangers
to
quit
the
Countrey
:
The
like
hast
made
the
French
Protestants
also
.
At
which
time
many
of
the
English
(
as
well
Students
as
others
)
departed
also
.
The
principal
of
those
were
Katherine
,
the
last
Wife
of
Charles
Brandon
,
Duke
of
Suffolk
,
Robert
Berty
Esq
Husband
to
the
Dutchess
,
the
Bishops
of
Winchester
and
Wells
(
as
before
was
said
)
Sir
Richard
Morison
,
Sir
Anthany
Cook
,
and
Sir
John
Cheek
,
Doctor
Cox
,
Doctor
Sands
,
and
Doctor
Grindal
.
The
News
of
Queen
Maries
succeeding
her
Brother
to
the
Crown
of
England
,
posted
to
Rome
,
and
was
very
welcome
to
Pope
Julius
the
Third
,
because
it
gave
him
some
assurance
of
his
re-admission
into
the
Power
and
Jurisdiction
of
his
Predecessors
in
the
Realm
of
England
;
in
pursuance
of
which
hopes
,
it
was
resolved
,
that
Cardinal
Pool
should
be
sent
Legate
into
England
,
who
being
of
the
Blood-royl
,
and
a
man
of
eminent
Learning
and
of
exemplary
life
,
was
looked
on
as
the
fittest
Instrument
to
reduce
that
Kingdom
.
The
Parliaments
first
Act
was
to
take
away
all
Statutes
passed
by
the
two
last
Kings
,
wherein
certain
Offences
had
been
made
High
Treason
,
and
others
brought
within
the
compass
of
a
Pramunire
.
This
was
done
especially
for
Pool's
security
;
that
neither
He
by
exercising
his
authority
,
nor
the
Clergy
by
submitting
to
it
,
might
be
entangled
in
the
like
snares
,
as
Cardinal
Wolsey
,
and
the
whole
Clergy
of
his
time
had
before
been
caught
.
Then
an
Act
was
passed
for
repealing
certain
Statutes
of
King
Edward
:
thereby
they
took
away
all
former
Statutes
for
administring
the
Sacraments
in
both
kinds
,
for
establishing
the
first
and
second
Liturgy
,
&c.
In
a
word
!
by
this
one
blow
the
Queen
cut
down
all
that
had
been
done
in
the
Reformation
in
seven
years
before
.
And
then
for
want
of
Canonical
Ordination
on
the
one
side
,
and
under
colour
of
Uncanonical
Marriages
on
the
other
,
there
was
presently
such
a
remove
among
the
Bishops
and
Clergy
,
as
it
is
not
any where
to
be
paralelled
in
so
short
a
time
.
An
Act
was
passed
likewise
,
Entitled
,
An
Act
against
offenders
of
Preachers
,
&c
which
two
Acts
were
seconded
by
the
Queen
,
with
two
Proclamations
,
December
5.
By
one
of
which
it
was
declared
,
that
all
Statutes
made
in
the
time
of
the
late
King
Edward
,
which
concerned
Religion
,
were
repealed
by
Parliament
:
and
therefore
that
the
Mass
should
be
said
as
formerly
,
to
begin
on
the
twentieth
of
that
moneth
.
And
by
the
other
it
was
commanded
,
that
no
person
should
dare
from
thenceforth
to
disturb
any
Priests
in
saying
Mass
,
or
executing
any
other
Divine
Office
.
Accordingly
the
Mass
was
publickly
officiated
in
all
parts
of
the
Kingdom
,
and
so
continued
during
the
Reign
of
the
Queen
without
interruption
.
Another
Act
was
passed
,
wherein
it
was
Enacted
,
That
the
Marriage
between
King
Henry
the
Eighth
,
and
Queen
Katherine
,
his
first
Wife
,
was
lawful
,
and
to
stand
with
God's
Laws
and
his
Holy
Word
,
&c.
That
the
Decree
of
Divorce
heretofore
passed
between
the
said
King
Henry
,
and
the
said
Queen
,
by
Thomas
Cranmer
,
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
should
be
reputed
to
be
void
and
null
,
with
a
Repeal
of
all
such
Statutes
,
wherein
the
Queen
had
been
declared
to
be
Illegitimate
.
There
also
past
another
Act
,
in
which
there
was
a
clause
for
the
invalidating
of
all
such
Commissions
as
had
been
granted
in
the
time
of
the
late
Queen
Jane
,
and
one
in
confirming
the
Attainders
of
the
late
Duke
of
Northumberland
,
Thomas
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
&c.
Together
with
this
Parliament
the
Queen
summoned
a
Convocation
,
that
all
matters
of
Religion
might
first
be
debated
and
concluded
in
a
Synodical
way
,
before
they
were
offered
to
the
Parliament
.
In
the
Writs
of
which
Summons
,
Heylin
.
Hist.
of
Q.
Mary
.
she
retained
the
Title
of
Supreme
Head
on
Earth
of
the
Church
of
England
,
&c.
the
want
whereof
in
those
of
the
present
Parliament
occasioned
dispute
among
some
of
the
Members
;
Whether
they
might
lawfully
proceed
,
or
not
,
in
such
publick
business
as
were
to
be
propounded
to
them
in
that
Session
.
The
Presidentship
of
the
Convocetion
was
transferred
upon
Bishop
Bonner
,
priviledged
in
respect
of
his
See
to
preside
in
all
such
Provincial
Synods
,
which
were
either
held
during
the
vacancy
of
the
See
of
Canterbury
,
or
in
the
necessary
absence
of
the
Metropolitan
.
The
lower
House
of
the
Clergy
also
was
fitted
with
a
Prolocutor
of
the
same
affections
,
Doctor
Hugh
Weston
,
Dean
of
Westminster
,
in
the
place
of
Doctor
Cox
.
So
partially
had
the
elections
been
returned
from
the
several
Diocesses
,
that
we
find
none
of
King
Edward's
Clergy
among
the
Clerks
;
and
but
six
of
the
Deans
and
Dignitaries
to
have
suffrage
in
the
Convocation
,
viz.
James
Haddon
,
Dean
of
Exeter
;
Walter
Philips
,
Dean
of
Rochester
;
John
Philpot
,
Archdeacon
of
Winchester
;
John
Elmer
,
Archdeacon
of
Stow
,
in
the
Diocess
of
Lincoln
;
Richard
Cheiney
,
Archdeacon
of
Hereford
;
one
more
mentioned
by
Mr.
Fox
,
without
a
name
,
joyned
himself
to
the
other
five
in
the
disputation
.
The
Prolocutor
would
admit
of
no
more
,
though
desired
by
Philpot
,
that
some
of
the
Divines
which
had
the
passing
of
the
Book
of
Articles
,
in
King
Edward's
time
,
might
be
assembled
with
them
in
the
defence
thereof
.
The
main
point
in
debate
,
concernded
the
manner
of
Christ's
presence
in
the
Sacrament
:
It
was
not
denied
by
Philpot
,
and
his
Brethren
,
That
Christ
was
present
in
the
Sacrament
rightly
administred
,
according
to
his
Institution
,
but
onely
that
He
was
not
present
in
the
gross
and
carnal
manner
,
which
They
of
the
Popish
party
had
before
subscribed
unto
.
Six
dys
the
disputation
lasted
,
but
to
little
effect
At
length
Weston
put
an
end
to
the
dispute
,
saying
,
It
is
not
the
Queen's
pleasure
,
that
we
should
spend
any
longer
time
in
these
debates
,
and
yet
are
well
enough
already
:
For
you
(
saith
He
)
have
the
Word
,
and
we
have
the
Sword
.
After
the
end
of
the
Evensong
on
St.
Katherine's
day
,
Bonner
caused
the
Quire
of
St.
Paul's
to
go
about
the
Steeple
,
singing
with
lights
after
the
old
custom
.
And
on
St.
Andrew's
day
,
next
following
,
he
began
the
Procession
in
Latin
himself
,
with
many
Parsons
and
Curates
,
and
the
whole
Quire
,
together
with
the
Lord
Mayor
and
divers
of
the
Aldermen
,
the
Prebendaries
of
the
Church
,
attired
in
their
old
gray
Amises
(
as
they
used
to
call
them
)
in
which
manner
they
continued
it
for
three
days
after
:
on
January
14.
he
restored
the
solemn
Sunday's
procession
about
the
Church
,
with
the
Mayor
and
Aldermen
,
the
Preacher
taking
his
Benediction
in
the
midst
of
the
Church
,
according
to
the
antient
custom
;
likewise
he
sent
out
his
Mandates
to
all
Parsons
and
Curates
within
his
Diocese
;
for
taking
the
names
of
all
such
as
would
not
come
the
Lent
following
to
Auricular
Confession
,
and
receive
at
Easter
:
he
likewise
enjoyned
the
blotting
out
of
all
such
paintings
,
and
sentences
of
holy
Scripture
,
as
had
been
pensiled
on
the
Church-walls
in
King
Edward's
days
.
Mr.
Jewel
continued
some
weeks
in
Broad-gates
Hall
,
whither
his
Scholars
repaired
unto
him
,
whom
he
instructed
in
Learning
and
Religion
:
He
had
not
long
lived
there
,
Fuller
.
Church
History
of
Q.
Mary
.
but
being
perswaded
by
the
Popish
Inquisitors
to
subscribe
,
he
took
a
pen
in
his
Hand
,
and
smiling
said
,
Have
you
a
mind
to
see
how
well
I
can
write
?
and
thereupon
under-writ
their
Opinions
.
The
Papists
trusted
him
not
any
whit
the
more
for
this
his
subscription
.
His
life
being
way-laid
for
,
with
great
difficulty
he
escaped
into
Germany
.
But
on
a
Sunday
after
his
Forenoon-sermon
(
by
the
advice
of
Dr.
Edwin
Sandys
,
afterwards
Archbishop
of
York
,
Mr.
Chambers
,
and
Mr.
Sampson
,
his
bosom
Friends
)
in
the
Congregation
of
Franckfort
,
he
bitterly
bewailed
his
fall
,
and
heartily
requested
pardon
from
God
and
his
people
,
whom
thereby
he
he
had
offended
.
On
November
20.
the
Mayor
of
Coventry
sent
up
to
the
Lords
of
the
Council
,
one
Baldwin
Cleark
,
John
Careless
,
Thomas
Wilcocks
,
and
Richard
Estlin
;
Careless
and
Wilcocks
were
committed
to
the
Gate-house
,
and
Cleark
and
Estlin
to
the
Marshalsey
.
In
the
moneth
of
December
the
Parliament
broke
up
,
in
which
there
was
a
Communication
of
Marriage
betwixt
the
Emperor's
Son
Philip
,
and
the
Queen
.
In
th
mean-while
Cardinal
Pool
hasteneth
toward
England
.
The
Emperor
invites
him
to
come
into
Germany
by
his
way
,
and
entertains
him
with
great
shew
of
Honour
,
Petri.
Church
Hist.
Cent.
16.
untill
by
his
Ambassador
he
had
finished
a
Contract
of
Marriage
between
his
Son
Philip
and
Queen
Mary
.
This
match
was
generally
distasted
.
To
hinder
it
Sir
Thomas
Wyat
,
a
Kentish
Knight
,
took
Armes
with
a
great
party
assisting
him
.
But
albeit
he
wanted
neither
,
Wit
,
Wealth
,
Learning
,
yet
all
were
ill-employed
about
him
.
Wyat
demandeth
the
Person
of
the
Queen
,
the
Tower
of
London
to
be
committed
unto
him
,
with
power
to
displace
evil
Counsellors
;
his
demands
were
refused
with
scorn
.
Queen
Mary
came
to
Guildhall
,
and
there
made
a
long
Oration
,
which
secured
the
affections
of
the
Citizens
unto
her
.
Wyat
came
up
to
London
.
He
was
taken
at
Temple-bar
,
carried
thence
be
examined
,
and
thence
to
the
Tower
to
be
committed
.
Some
days
after
,
he
suffered
penitently
and
patiently
on
the
Scaffold
,
condemning
his
own
Act.
Of
his
complices
were
hanged
fifty
persons
,
and
four
hundred
more
led
through
the
City
with
halters
about
their
necks
to
Westminster
,
where
they
were
all
pardoned
in
the
Tilt-yard
by
the
Queen
.
Doctor
Crome
,
for
his
Preaching
without
License
on
Christmas
day
,
was
committed
to
the
Fleet
;
Thomas
Wotton
Esquire
,
was
for
matters
of
Religion
committed
also
to
the
Fleet.
The
Duke
of
Suffolk
,
Father
to
the
Lady
Jane
,
but
lately
pardoned
of
life
in
the
midst
of
the
Kentish
tumult
,
secretly
departeth
into
Leicester
and
Warwick-shires
,
instigating
the
people
to
withstand
the
Queen's
Marriage
agreed
upon
with
Philip.
Speeds
Chron.
in
Q.
Mary
.
The
Duke
was
betrayed
by
one
Vnderwood
,
his
Servant
,
in
Ashley-park
,
with
his
Brother
John
Lord
Gray
,
unto
the
Earl
of
Huntington
,
whence
they
were
by
him
convayed
prisoners
to
the
Tower
of
London
.
This
seemed
to
hasten
the
death
of
the
Lady
Jane
and
the
Lord
Guilford
her
Husband
,
who
were
both
beheaded
,
February
12.
1554.
he
was
beheaded
on
a
Scaffold
on
Tower-hill
,
and
she
upon
the
Green
within
the
Tower
.
Two
days
before
her
death
Mr.
Fecknam
was
sent
unto
her
,
by
the
Queen
,
to
reduce
her
to
the
Popish
Religion
,
whom
she
constantly
,
and
with
great
power
of
God's
Spirit
,
resisted
.
Eleven
days
after
,
her
death
,
her
Father
the
Duke
of
Suffolk
,
was
beheaded
on
Tower-hill
.
And
on
April
23.
his
Brother
,
the
Lord
Thomas
Gray
suffered
death
in
the
same
place
.
Now
for
putting
the
Affairs
of
the
Church
into
a
posture
,
Articles
are
sent
into
every
Diocese
,
and
Letters
writ
unto
their
several
and
respective
Bishops
on
the
third
of
March
,
to
see
them
carefully
put
in
execution
:
the
substance
whereof
were
,
-
1.
That
the
Ecclesiastical
Laws
of
King
Henry
the
Eighth
,
should
be
put
in
practice
,
being
not
directly
against
the
Laws
and
Statutes
of
the
Realm
.
-
2.
That
no
Bishop
do
use
the
Clause
(
in
any
of
their
Ecclesiastical
writings
)
Regia
authoritate
fulcitus
.
-
3.
That
no
Sacramentary
be
admitted
to
Benefice
.
-
4.
That
all
Bishops
do
labour
to
suppress
Heresies
,
especially
in
the
Clergy
.
-
5.
That
they
should
suppress
all
unlawfull
Books
and
writings
.
-
6.
The
next
Article
was
against
Priests
Marriages
,
and
that
such
as
would
depart
from
their
Wives
,
should
be
admitted
to
the
same
function
.
-
7.
That
for
want
of
Priests
,
one
Priest
should
serve
two
places
.
-
8.
That
Processions
be
used
.
-
9.
That
Holy-days
and
Fasts
be
frequented
.
-
10.
That
the
Ceremonies
be
used
,
and
Confirmation
of
Children
be
put
in
practice
.
In
the
same
moneth
of
March
the
Lord
Courtney
(
whom
the
Queen
at
her
first
entry
delivered
out
of
the
Tower
)
and
the
Lady
Elizabeth
also
,
the
Queen's
Sister
,
were
both
(
by
the
suggestion
of
Stephen
Gardiner
,
Bishop
of
Winchester
)
suspected
to
have
been
of
Wyat's
Conspiracy
,
and
for
the
same
were
apprehended
and
sent
to
the
Tower
,
although
Wyat
at
his
death
cleared
them
both
,
as
unacquainted
with
the
matter
.
Many
trains
were
laid
to
ensnare
the
Lady
Elizabeth
;
And
being
on
a
time
asked
,
what
she
thought
of
the
swords
of
Christ
,
This
is
my
Body
;
whether
she
thought
,
it
is
the
true
Body
of
Christ
?
it
is
said
,
that
after
some
pausing
,
she
thus
Answered
.
Christ
was
the
Word
that
spake
it
,
Sir
Richard
Bakers
Chron.
He
took
the
Bread
,
and
brake
it
:
And
what
the
Word
did
make
it
,
That
I
Believe
,
and
take
it
.
One
Elizabeth
Crofts
,
about
eighteen
years
old
,
was
by
practice
put
into
a
Wall
(
and
therefore
called
,
The
Spirit
in
the
Wall
)
who
with
a
whistle
made
for
that
purpose
,
whistled
out
many
Seditious
words
against
the
Queen
,
the
Prince
of
Spain
,
the
Mass
,
Confession
,
&c.
for
which
she
did
Penance
,
standing
upon
a
Scaffold
at
Pauls
Cross
,
all
the
Sermon-time
,
where
she
made
open
Confession
of
her
fault
.
Queen
Mary
altereth
her
stile
,
leaving
out
the
latter
part
of
her
Title
,
which
is
,
Supreme
Head
of
the
Church
of
England
and
Ireland
,
because
in
this
Parliament
holden
at
Westminster
in
April
,
the
Supremacy
being
given
away
from
the
Crown
of
England
to
the
Pope
,
thereupon
this
Parcel
of
the
Title
was
also
taken
away
.
Then
followed
a
communication
between
Bishop
Ridley
,
and
Secretary
Bourn
,
Mr.
Fecknam
and
others
at
the
Lieutenants
Table
in
the
Tower
,
(
described
at
large
by
Mr.
Fox
)
touching
the
Sacrament
.
On
April
10.
Archbishop
Cranmer
,
Bishop
Ridley
,
and
Latimer
were
sent
down
to
Oxford
by
the
Lord
Williams
of
Thame
,
there
to
dispute
with
the
Divines
of
both
Universities
,
about
the
presence
,
substance
,
and
sacrifice
of
the
Sacrament
.
Of
Oxford
,
Dr.
Weston
prolocutor
,
Dr.
Tresham
,
Dr.
Cole
,
Dr.
Oglethorp
,
Doctor
Pie
,
Doctor
Harpsfield
,
Mr.
Fecknam
.
Of
Cambridge
,
Dr.
Young
Vice-Chancellor
,
Doctor
Glyn
,
Dr.
Seaton
,
Dr.
Watson
,
Dr.
Sedgwick
,
Dr.
Atkinson
.
The
Questions
whereon
they
should
Dispute
,
were
these
,
1.
Whether
the
natural
body
of
Christ
be
really
in
the
Sacrament
after
the
words
of
Consecration
be
spoken
by
the
Priest
?
2.
Whither
any
substance
do
remain
after
the
words
,
saving
the
body
and
blood
?
3.
Whither
the
mass
be
a
sacrifice
propitiatory
?
The
order
and
manner
of
the
disputation
against
these
three
worthy
Martyrs
,
the
disordered
usage
of
the
University
men
,
the
rude
tumult
of
the
multitude
,
the
fierceness
and
interruption
of
the
Doctors
,
the
full
pith
and
ground
of
all
their
Arguments
the
Censure
of
the
Judges
,
the
railing
Language
of
the
Prolocutor
,
with
his
blast
of
triumph
in
the
latter
end
,
is
set
forth
fully
by
Mr.
Fox
The
disputation
being
ended
,
on
April
20.
they
were
again
brought
upon
the
stage
,
and
then
demanded
,
whether
they
would
persist
in
their
opinion
,
or
else
recant
?
And
affirming
that
they
would
persist
,
they
were
all
Three
adjudged
Hereticks
,
and
condemned
to
the
fire
,
but
their
execution
was
respited
to
a
longer
time
.
May
19.
the
Lady
Elizabeth
was
brought
out
of
the
Tower
,
and
committed
to
the
custody
of
the
Lord
of
Thame
,
who
gently
entreated
her
:
afterwards
she
was
had
to
Woodstock
,
and
there
committed
to
the
keeping
of
Sir
Henry
Bennefield
,
who
dealt
hardly
with
her
.
Prince
Philip
arriveth
at
Southampton
,
July
20.
1554.
and
on
the
twenty
third
came
to
Winchester
,
where
the
Queen
met
him
,
and
on
the
twenty
fifth
day
the
marriage
between
them
there
was
openly
Solemnized
.
At
which
time
the
Emperour's
Ambassadour
presented
to
the
King
a
donation
of
the
Kingdoms
of
Naples
and
Sicily
,
which
the
Emperour
,
his
Father
had
resigned
unto
him
.
Which
presently
was
signified
,
and
the
Titles
of
the
King
and
Queen
Proclaimed
by
sound
of
Trumpet
in
this
following
Style
.
Philip
and
Mary
by
the
Grace
of
God
,
King
and
Queen
of
England
,
France
,
Naples
,
Jerusalem
,
Ireland
,
Defenders
of
the
Faith
,
Princes
of
Spain
and
Sicily
,
Archdukes
of
Austria
,
Dukes
of
Milan
,
Burgundy
and
Brabant
,
Counts
of
Auspurg
,
Flanders
,
and
Tirrol
,
&c.
At
the
Proclaiming
of
which
Style
(
which
was
performed
in
French
,
Latine
and
English
)
the
King
and
Queen
shewed
themselves
hand
in
hand
with
two
Swords
born
before
them
for
the
greater
State
,
or
in
regard
of
their
distinct
capacity
in
the
Publick
Government
.
From
Winchester
they
removed
to
Basing
,
and
so
to
Windsor
,
where
Philip
on
August
the
fifth
was
Installed
Knight
of
the
Garter
:
On
the
eleventh
of
the
same
Moneth
they
made
a
Magnificent
Passage
through
the
Principal
Streets
of
the
City
of
London
.
The
King
prevailed
with
the
Queen
for
discharge
of
such
Prisoners
as
stood
committed
in
the
Tower
,
either
for
matter
of
Religion
,
or
on
the
account
of
Wyat's
Rebellion
,
or
for
engaging
in
the
practice
of
the
Duke
of
Northumberland
:
which
was
done
accordingly
,
among
which
were
the
Arcbishop
of
York
,
ten
Knights
,
and
many
other
persons
of
name
and
quality
.
He
also
procured
the
enlargement
of
the
Lady
Elizabeth
,
and
of
the
Earl
of
Devonshire
,
who
travelled
through
France
into
Italy
,
and
died
at
Padua
,
Anno
1556.
the
eleventh
and
last
Earl
of
Devonshire
of
that
Noble
Family
of
the
Courtneys
.
Marriage
and
Heresie
were
the
crimes
of
Holgate
,
Archbishop
of
York
,
for
which
being
deprived
during
his
imprisonment
in
the
Tower
,
Dr.
Nicholas
Heath
succeeded
him
in
the
See
of
York
,
and
leaves
the
Bishoprick
of
Worcester
to
Doctor
Richard
Pates
,
who
had
been
nominated
by
King
Henry
VIII
.
Anno
1534.
and
having
spent
the
intervening
twenty
years
in
the
Court
of
Rome
,
returned
a
true
servant
to
the
Pope
.
Goodrick
of
Ely
died
April
.
10.
leaving
that
Bishoprick
to
Dr.
Thomas
Thurlby
,
Bishop
of
Norwich
.
And
Dr.
John
Hopton
is
made
Bishop
of
Norwich
,
Doctor
Gilbert
Bourn
,
Heylin's
Hist.
of
Q.
Mary
.
Archdeacon
of
London
,
is
made
Bishop
of
Wells
,
Harley
of
Hereford
is
succeeded
by
Purefay
of
S.
Asaph
;
Old
Bush
of
Bristol
,
and
Bird
of
Chester
(
the
two
first
Bishops
of
those
Sees
)
were
deprived
also
.
The
first
succeeded
to
by
Holiman
,
once
a
Monk
of
Reading
:
the
last
by
Coles
,
Master
of
Baliol
Colledge
in
Oxford
.
Dr.
Randolph
Bayn
,
who
had
been
Hebrew
Reader
in
Paris
in
the
time
of
King
Francis
,
was
Consecrated
Bishop
of
Coventry
and
Litchfield
.
The
Parliament
began
Novemb.
12.
where
a
way
was
opened
for
Cardinal
Poole's
Reception
by
preparing
a
Bill
,
whereby
he
was
to
be
discharged
of
the
Attainder
which
had
passed
upon
him
,
Anno
1539.
restored
in
Blood
,
and
rendred
Capable
of
all
those
Rights
and
Priviledges
,
of
which
he
had
stood
possessed
in
this
Kingdom
.
This
Bill
was
quickly
passed
into
an
Act
,
and
on
Novemb.
24.
the
Cardinal
came
first
to
London
.
Then
it
was
concluded
,
by
both
Houses
of
Parliament
,
that
a
petition
should
be
made
in
the
name
of
the
Kingdom
,
wherein
should
be
declared
,
how
sorry
they
were
,
that
they
had
withdrawn
their
obedience
from
the
Apostolick
See
,
and
consenting
to
the
Statutes
made
against
it
,
promising
to
endeavour
hereafter
,
that
the
said
Lawes
and
Statutes
should
be
repealed
,
beseeching
the
King
and
Queen
to
intercede
with
his
Holiness
for
their
Absolution
.
Then
the
Cardinal
having
read
his
Authority
given
him
from
the
Pope
,
they
all
kneeled
upon
their
knees
,
and
imploring
the
mercy
of
God
,
received
Absolution
for
themselves
and
the
rest
of
the
Kingdom
;
Which
Absolution
was
pronounced
in
these
words
Our
Lord
Jesus
Christ
,
which
with
his
most
pretious
blood
hath
redeemed
us
from
all
our
sins
,
&c.
and
whom
the
Father
hath
appointed
Head
over
all
his
Church
,
absolve
you
.
And
we
by
Apostolick
Authority
given
unto
us
(
by
the
most
holy
Lord
Pope
Julius
the
third
,
His
Vicegerent
here
on
earth
)
do
absolve
and
deliver
you
,
and
every
of
you
,
with
the
whole
Realm
and
the
Dominions
thereof
,
from
all
heresie
and
schism
,
and
from
every
judgement
,
censure
,
and
pain
,
for
that
cause
incurred
.
And
also
we
do
restore
you
again
unto
the
unity
of
Our
Mother
the
Holy
Church
.
In
the
name
of
the
Father
,
the
Son
and
the
Holy
Ghost
.
Which
words
of
His
being
seconded
with
a
loud
Amen
,
by
such
as
were
present
,
he
concluded
the
dayes
work
with
a
solemn
Procession
to
the
Chappel
,
for
rendring
thanks
to
God
.
Then
did
the
Cardinal
dispence
with
much
irregularity
in
several
persons
,
confirming
the
Institution
of
Clergy-men
in
their
Benefices
,
legitimating
the
Chi●dren
of
forbidden
Marriages
,
ratifying
the
processes
and
sentences
in
matters
Ecclesiastical
:
and
his
dispensations
were
confirmed
by
Acts
of
Parliament
.
Then
was
Anthony
Brown
,
Viscount
Montacute
,
Thursby
Bishop
of
Ely
,
and
Sir
Edward
Carn
,
sent
on
a
gratulatory
Embassie
to
Pope
Paul
IV.
to
tender
England's
thanks
for
the
favours
conferr'd
thereon
.
The
Convocation
that
then
was
held
,
knew
that
the
Cardinal
was
to
be
entreated
,
not
to
insist
upon
the
restoring
of
Church-lands
,
rather
to
confirm
the
Lords
and
Gentry
in
their
present
possessions
.
And
to
that
end
a
Petition
is
presented
to
both
their
Majesties
,
Heylin
.
Hist.
of
Q.
Mary
.
that
they
would
be
pleased
to
intercede
with
the
Cardinal
concerning
it
:
Which
Petition
was
offered
to
the
Legate
in
the
name
of
the
whole
Convocation
by
the
Lord
Chancellor
,
the
Prolocutor
,
and
six
others
of
the
Lower
House
.
Concerning
which
the
Legate
was
not
ignorant
,
that
a
Message
had
been
sent
to
the
Pope
in
the
name
of
the
Parliament
,
to
desire
a
confirmation
of
the
Sale
of
all
the
Lands
belonging
to
Abbies
,
Chanteries
,
&c.
or
otherwise
to
let
him
know
,
that
nothing
could
be
granted
on
his
behalf
.
And
it
is
likely
,
they
received
some
fair
promises
to
that
effect
,
in
regard
that
on
New-years
day
next
following
,
the
Act
for
restoring
the
Pope's
Supremacy
was
passed
in
both
Houses
of
Parliament
.
The
whole
matter
being
transacted
to
the
content
of
all
parties
(
the
poor
Protestants
excepted
only
)
on
January
25.
there
was
a
solemn
procession
throughout
London
,
to
praise
God
for
their
Conversion
to
the
Catholick
Church
:
wherein
were
ninety
Crosses
,
an
hundred
and
Sixty
Priests
and
Clerks
,
each
of
them
attired
in
his
Cope
,
and
after
them
eight
Bishops
in
their
Pontificalibus
,
followed
by
Bonner
carrying
the
Popish
Pix
under
a
Canopy
,
and
attended
by
the
Lord
Mayor
and
Companies
in
their
several
Liveries
.
Which
Procession
being
ended
,
they
all
returned
to
S.
Paul's
Church
,
where
the
King
and
Cardinal
,
together
with
all
the
rest
,
heard
Mass
,
and
the
next
day
the
Parliament
and
Convocation
were
dissolved
.
The
English
Ambassadours
came
to
Rome
on
the
first
day
of
the
Papacy
of
Pope
Paul
IV.
and
in
the
first
consistory
after
his
Inauguration
they
were
brought
before
him
,
who
granted
the
pardon
desired
,
and
lovingly
embraced
the
Ambassadours
,
and
as
an
over
plus
,
the
Pope
conferred
the
Title
of
King
's
of
Ireland
on
their
Majesties
.
In
his
private
discourses
with
the
Ambassadours
,
he
said
that
the
Church-goods
ought
to
be
wholly
restored
,
saying
also
that
his
Authority
was
not
such
,
as
to
profane
things
dedicated
unto
God
.
He
also
told
them
,
that
the
Peter-pence
ought
to
be
paid
as
soon
as
might
be
,
and
that
according
to
the
custom
,
he
would
send
a
collector
for
that
purpose
.
He
closed
his
discourse
with
this
,
that
they
could
not
hope
,
that
S.
Peter
would
open
to
them
the
Gates
of
Heaven
,
as
long
as
they
usurped
his
goods
on
earth
.
A
rumour
was
spread
of
the
Queen's
being
with
Child
,
and
that
she
was
quick
,
and
thereupon
Letters
were
sent
from
the
Lords
of
the
Council
to
Bonner
Bishop
of
London
,
that
prayers
and
thanksgivings
should
be
made
in
all
Churches
.
The
Parliament
also
while
it
was
sitting
,
passed
an
Act
,
desiring
the
King
that
if
the
Queen
should
fail
,
he
would
be
pleased
to
take
upon
him
the
Education
of
the
Child
.
Set
forms
of
prayer
were
also
made
for
her
safe
delivery
.
Great
preparations
were
also
made
of
all
things
necessary
against
the
time
of
her
delivery
.
And
upon
a
sudden
rumour
of
her
being
delivered
,
the
Bells
were
rung
,
and
Bonfires
made
in
most
parts
of
London
.
But
it
proved
in
fine
that
the
Queen
neither
was
with
Childe
for
the
present
,
nor
had
any
hopes
of
being
so
for
the
time
to
come
.
A
Gun
was
shot
at
one
Doctor
Pendleton
,
as
He
Preached
at
Paul's
Cross
,
June
10.
1554
,
the
pellet
whereof
went
very
neer
him
,
but
the
Gunner
was
not
to
be
heard
of
.
Upon
which
the
Queen
published
a
Proclamation
prohibiting
the
shooting
with
hand-guns
,
and
the
bearing
of
weapons
.
A
little
before
this
,
some
had
caused
a
Cat
to
be
hanged
upon
the
Gallows
,
near
the
Cross
in
Cheapside
,
with
her
head
shorn
,
the
likeness
of
a
vestment
cast
upon
her
,
and
her
two
feet
tyed
together
,
holding
between
them
a
piece
of
Paper
,
in
form
of
a
Wafer
,
tending
to
the
disgrace
of
the
Popish
Religion
.
Then
were
some
Antient
Statutes
revived
that
were
made
in
the
time
of
King
Richard
the
second
,
Henry
the
fourth
,
and
Henry
the
fifth
,
for
the
severe
punishment
of
obstinate
Hereticks
,
even
to
death
it self
,
and
an
Act
was
passed
for
that
purpose
.
Hereupon
followed
,
that
Inquisition
for
Blood
,
which
raged
in
London
,
and
more
or
less
was
exercised
in
most
parts
of
the
Kingdom
.
Mr.
John
Rogers
,
a
Learned
man
,
and
a
great
companion
of
that
Tyndal
,
by
whom
the
Bible
was
translated
into
English
in
the
time
of
King
Henry
,
after
whose
Martyrdom
,
he
retired
to
Wittenberg
in
the
Dukedome
of
Saxony
,
where
he
abode
till
King
Edward's
coming
to
the
Crown
,
and
was
by
Bishop
Ridley
presented
to
the
Lecture
of
S.
Paul's
,
and
made
one
of
the
Prebendaries
.
He
was
convented
,
and
condemned
,
and
publickly
burnt
in
Smithfield
on
Feb.
4
He
was
the
first
Martyr
in
Queen
Mary's
dayes
:
On
the
nineth
day
of
which
moneth
John
Hooper
late
Bishop
of
Glocester
,
was
burnt
in
that
City
.
The
like
course
was
taken
with
Bishop
Farrar
,
Bishop
of
S.
David's
,
but
that
I
do
not
find
him
restrained
from
speaking
his
mind
unto
the
people
as
the
other
was
.
He
was
cast
into
prison
by
the
Protestants
in
King
Edward's
days
.
Being
continued
in
prison
in
Queen
Mary's
dayes
,
and
called
before
Bishop
Gardiner
,
he
gave
such
offence
,
that
he
was
sent
back
again
to
prison
,
and
being
sent
back
into
his
own
Diocess
,
he
there
received
the
sentence
of
condemnation
at
the
hand
of
Morgan
,
who
had
supplanted
and
succeeded
him
in
the
See
of
S.
David's
.
He
desisted
not
till
he
had
brought
him
to
the
Stake
.
On
Feb.
8.
Laurence
Saunders
,
an
excellent
preacher
,
was
burnt
at
Coventry
,
where
he
had
spent
the
greatest
part
of
his
Ministry
.
On
Feb.
9.
Anno
1555.
Doctor
Rowland
Tailor
was
burned
at
Hadley
,
the
Town
whereof
he
was
Pastor
,
where
calling
on
the
name
of
God
,
he
endured
the
Torment
,
till
one
Soice
with
an
Halbert
struck
him
on
the
Head
,
that
the
brains
fell
out
;
and
the
dead
Corpse
fell
into
the
fire
.
Thomas
Tomkins
on
March
16.
suffered
in
Smithfield
.
William
Hunter
an
Apprentice
of
nineteen
years
of
age
was
burnt
at
Burntwood
in
Essex
.
Speeds
Chron.
of
Q.
Mary
.
Within
the
compass
of
less
than
four
years
there
died
for
the
testimonial
of
their
conscience
for
the
truth
,
no
less
than
two
hundred
seventy
and
seven
persons
.
In
the
heat
of
the
fire
were
consumed
five
Bishops
,
one
and
twenty
Divines
,
eight
Gentlemen
,
eighty
four
Artificers
,
one
hundred
Husband-men
and
Labourers
;
twenty
six
Married-women
,
twenty
widows
,
nine
Virgins
,
two
Boys
,
and
two
Infants
,
one
of
them
whipped
to
death
by
Bishop
Bonner
,
and
the
other
springing
out
of
his
mother's
womb
from
the
stake
as
she
burned
,
was
by
the
Serjeants
thrown
again
into
the
fire
.
Ridley
and
Latimer
were
both
degraded
on
Octob.
15.
and
brought
unto
the
stake
in
the
Town-ditch
in
Oxford
,
over
against
Baliol-colledge
on
the
morrow
after
,
where
with
great
courage
and
constancy
they
endured
that
death
,
to
which
they
had
been
precondemned
before
they
were
heard
.
Cranmer
was
a
prisoner
at
that
time
in
the
North-gate
of
the
City
,
called
Bocardo
,
from
the
top
whereof
he
beheld
that
most
doleful
Spectacle
,
and
casting
himself
down
on
his
Knees
,
he
humbly
entreated
the
Lord
to
give
them
strength
of
faith
and
hope
,
which
he
also
desired
for
himself
,
whensoever
he
should
Act
his
part
on
that
bloody
Theater
.
When
Ridley
understood
Hooper
(
before
his
Execution
)
to
have
been
marked
out
for
the
slaughter
,
he
remembred
that
controversie
which
had
been
between
them
in
the
time
of
King
Edward
about
the
Episcopal
Habit
,
and
thought
it
not
enough
if
he
left
not
to
the
world
some
testimony
of
their
mutual
Charity
,
as
well
as
their
consent
in
Doctrine
.
Concerning
which
he
wrote
to
him
in
this
manner
following
.
My
dear
brother
,
forasmuch
as
I
understand
by
your
Books
,
that
we
throughly
agree
,
and
wholly
consent
together
in
the
substantial
points
of
our
Religion
,
against
which
the
world
now
so
furiously
rageth
,
however
in
times
past
in
certain
circumstances
of
Religion
your
wisdom
and
my
simplicity
(
I
must
confess
)
have
a
little
jarred
,
each
of
us
following
the
abundance
of
his
own
spirit
.
Now
(
I
say
)
be
assured
,
that
even
with
my
whole
heart
(
God
is
my
witness
)
in
the
bowels
of
Christ
,
I
love
you
in
the
Truth
,
and
for
the
Truth
's
sake
which
abideth
in
us
,
as
I
am
perswaded
,
and
by
the
Grace
of
God
shall
abide
in
us
for
evermore
.
And
because
the
world
,
as
I
perceive
,
Brother
,
ceaseth
not
to
play
his
pageant
,
and
buisily
conspireth
against
Christ
our
Saviour
,
with
all
possible
force
and
power
,
exalting
high
things
against
the
knowledge
of
God
:
let
us
joyn
hands
together
in
Christ
,
though
we
cannot
overthrow
,
yet
to
our
power
,
and
as
much
as
in
us
lieth
,
let
us
shake
those
high
Altitudes
,
not
with
carnal
,
but
with
spiritual
weapons
:
and
withal
(
brother
)
let
us
prepare
our selves
to
the
day
of
dissolution
,
by
that
which
after
the
short
time
of
this
bodily
affliction
by
the
Grace
of
our
Lord
Jesus
Christ
we
shall
triumph
together
with
him
in
eternal
glory
.
Comforted
with
Reciprocal
Letters
of
this
holy
nature
,
they
both
prepared
themselves
for
death
,
in
which
Hooper
had
the
honour
to
lead
the
way
,
as
hath
been
shewn
.
It
is
memorable
,
that
the
same
day
in
which
Bishop
Ridley
,
and
Latimer
were
burnt
at
Oxford
,
Stephen
Gardiner
Bishop
of
Winchester
,
would
not
go
to
dinner
till
four
oClock
in
the
afternoon
,
though
the
old
Duke
of
Norfolk
was
come
to
dine
with
him
.
The
reason
was
,
because
he
would
first
hear
of
their
being
burnt
.
And
as
soon
as
word
of
that
was
brought
unto
him
,
he
presently
said
,
now
let
us
go
to
dinner
:
where
sitting
down
,
and
eating
merrily
,
upon
a
sudden
he
fell
into
such
extremity
,
that
he
was
fain
to
be
taken
from
the
Table
,
and
carried
to
his
bed
,
where
he
continued
fifteen
dayes
without
voyding
any
thing
by
Urine
,
or
otherwise
,
which
caused
his
Tongue
to
swell
in
his
Mouth
.
He
died
at
Whitehall
,
November
the
twelfth
,
from
whence
conveyed
by
water
to
his
house
in
Southwark
,
his
body
was
first
lapt
in
Lead
,
kept
for
a
season
in
the
Church
of
St.
Saviours
and
afterwards
solemnly
interred
,
under
a
fair
and
goodly
Monument
,
in
his
Cathedral
.
The
custody
of
the
Great
Seal
,
with
the
Title
of
Lord
Chancellor
,
was
,
upon
New-years-day
,
conferred
upon
Doctor
Nicholas
Heath
,
Archbishop
of
York
.
But
the
Revenues
of
the
Bishoprick
were
appropriated
to
the
use
of
the
Cardinal-Legat
.
But
Doctor
John
White
,
Bishop
of
Lincoln
,
having
been
born
at
Winchester
,
and
educated
in
that
School
,
of
which
he
was
afterward
chief
Master
,
and
finally
Warden
of
that
Colledge
,
so
far
prevailed
,
by
his
Friends
at
Court
,
that
,
on
the
promise
of
an
annual
Pension
of
a
thousand
pounds
,
to
the
use
of
the
Cardinal
,
he
was
permitted
to
enjoy
the
Title
,
with
the
rest
of
the
profits
.
But
he
was
not
actually
translated
till
the
next
year
following
.
Voisy
,
Bishop
of
Exeter
dies
,
and
Doctor
James
Turbervil
succeedeth
him
.
Queen
Mary
caused
that
clause
of
Prayer
[
That
God
would
deliver
the
Kingdom
from
sedition
,
Thuan●
Histor.
lib.
13.
and
tyranny
of
the
Church
of
Rome
]
to
be
blotted
out
of
the
Litany
:
and
would
not
suffer
her
Father's
name
to
be
mentioned
in
publick
Prayers
,
because
he
had
made
Apostasie
from
the
Church
.
She
restored
all
Ecclesiastical
Livings
,
assumed
to
the
Crown
,
saying
,
That
she
set
more
by
the
salvation
of
her
Soul
,
than
she
did
by
ten
Kingdoms
.
And
shortly
after
John
Fecknam
,
late
Dean
of
St.
Paul's
,
was
made
Abbot
of
Westminster
,
and
had
possession
delivered
him
,
and
with
him
fourteen
Monks
received
the
Habit
at
the
same
time
.
Doctor
Henry
Cole
was
made
Dean
of
St.
Paul's
.
Besides
those
that
suffered
in
the
flames
for
the
Gospel
,
in
this
Queens
dayes
,
sixty
four
more
were
persecuted
for
their
Faith
and
Profession
,
whereof
seven
were
whipped
,
Fuller
.
Church
History
.
sixteen
perished
in
prison
,
and
were
buried
in
dunghils
:
many
lay
in
captivity
condemned
,
but
were
released
by
the
happy
entrance
of
Queen
Elizabeth
,
and
many
fled
the
Land
in
those
dayes
of
distress
;
among
whom
were
many
persons
of
Quality
,
as
Katharine
,
Dutchess
of
Suffolk
,
last
Wife
of
Charles
Brandon
,
Duke
of
Suffolk
,
with
her
Husband
,
Richard
Berty
Esquire
,
Sir
John
Cheeke
,
Sir
Richard
Morison
,
of
Caishobury
in
Hertford-shire
,
Sir
Francis
Knollys
,
afterwards
Privy
Counsellor
to
Queen
Elizabeth
;
Sir
Anthony
Cook
,
Father-in-law
to
Cecil
,
after
Lord
Burghley
,
and
famous
for
his
learned
Daughters
;
Sir
Peter
Carew
,
renowned
for
his
Valour
in
Ireland
,
where
he
died
,
Anno
1576.
Sir
Thomas
Wroth
,
of
Middlesex
,
the
Lady
Dorothy
Stafford
,
afterwards
of
the
Bed-chamber
to
Queen
Elizabeth
,
and
the
Lady
Elizabeth
Berkley
.
Some
of
the
English
Exiles
seated
themselves
at
Emden
in
East-Frizland
,
a
Staple
Town
of
English
Merchants
.
John
Scory
,
late
Bishop
of
Chichester
,
was
Superintendent
of
the
English
Congregation
in
Emden
.
Some
setled
themselves
at
Weasel
,
then
in
the
Dominions
of
the
Duke
of
Cleve
,
but
bordering
on
the
Low
Countries
in
the
King
of
Spain's
possession
:
but
they
quickly
left
this
place
:
some
of
them
went
to
Arrow
,
a
small
City
in
Switzerland
,
on
the
banks
of
the
River
Arrola
,
belonging
to
Bern.
The
most
eminent
English
seated
themselves
at
Strasburgh
,
as
James
Haddon
,
Edwyn
Sandys
,
Edmond
Grindal
,
John
Huntington
,
Guido
Eaton
,
John
Geoffry
,
John
Peader
,
Thomas
Eaton
,
Michael
Raymuger
,
Augustine
Bradbridge
,
Arthur
Saule
,
Thomas
Steward
,
Christopher
Goodman
,
Thomas
Lakin
,
Humfrey
Alcocson
,
Thomas
Crafton
.
Some
went
to
Zuric
,
stiled
the
Students
at
Zuric
,
viz.
Robert
Horn
,
Richard
Chambers
,
Thomas
Leaver
,
Nicholas
Carvil
,
John
Mullings
,
Thomas
Spencer
,
Thomas
Bentham
,
William
Cole
,
John
Parkhurst
,
Roger
Kelk
,
Robert
Beaumont
,
Laurence
Humfrey
,
Henry
Cockcraft
,
John
Pretio
.
At
Franckford
on
the
Meine
was
the
most
conspicuous
English
Church
beyond
the
Seas
,
consisting
of
John
Bale
,
Edmond
Sutton
,
John
Makebray
,
William
Whittingham
,
Thomas
Cole
,
William
Williams
,
George
Chidley
,
William
Hammon
,
Thomas
Steward
,
Thomas
Wood
,
John
Staunton
,
William
Walton
,
Jasper
Swift
,
John
Geoffry
,
John
Gray
,
Michael
Gill
,
John
Fox
,
Laurence
Kent
,
William
Kethe
,
John
Hollingham
,
John
Samford
,
John
Wood
,
Thomas
Sorby
,
Anthony
Carier
,
Hugh
Alford
,
George
Whetnal
,
Thomas
Whetnal
,
Edward
Sutton
.
Besides
these
(
the
first
Founders
of
these
Congregations
)
many
additional
persons
,
coming
afterward
out
of
England
,
joyned
themselves
thereunto
.
Now
followed
the
sad
troubles
of
Frankford
,
rending
these
Exiles
into
divers
Factions
:
The
English
had
a
Church
granted
unto
them
in
coparcenie
with
the
French
Protestants
,
they
one
day
,
and
the
English
another
.
Which
was
granted
them
with
this
proviso
,
That
they
should
not
dissent
from
the
French
in
Doctrine
or
Ceremony
,
lest
thereby
they
should
minister
occasion
of
offence
.
The
English
constituted
their
new
Church
,
chusing
a
Minister
and
Deacons
for
a
time
,
and
,
out
of
conformity
to
the
French
,
abrogated
many
things
,
formerly
used
by
them
in
the
Church
of
England
.
1.
They
concluded
there
should
be
no
answering
aloud
after
the
Minister
.
2.
That
the
Litany
,
Surplice
,
&c.
should
be
omitted
.
3.
Instead
of
the
English
Confession
,
they
used
another
,
framed
according
to
the
state
and
time
.
4.
The
same
ended
,
the
people
sang
a
Psalm
in
metre
in
a
plain
tune
.
5.
That
done
,
the
Minister
prayed
for
the
assistance
of
God's
Spirit
,
and
so
proceeded
to
the
Sermon
.
6.
After
Sermon
a
general
Prayer
for
all
States
,
and
particularly
for
England
was
devised
.
7.
Then
followed
a
Rehearsal
of
the
Articles
of
Belief
,
which
ended
,
the
people
sang
another
Psalm
.
8.
Lastly
,
The
Minister
pronounced
the
Blessing
,
and
so
the
people
departed
.
Thus
setled
in
their
Church
,
they
write
Letters
to
all
the
English
Congregations
at
Strasburgh
,
Zuric
,
Emden
,
&c.
to
invite
them
with
all
convenient
speed
to
joyn
with
them
at
Franckford
.
This
occasioned
several
reiterated
Letters
from
Franckford
,
requiring
those
of
Zurich
,
to
weigh
the
necessity
of
joyning
themselves
in
one
Congregation
.
Those
of
Zurich
,
by
many
dilatory
Letters
,
excused
themselves
from
coming
thither
.
But
the
main
reason
was
,
those
of
Zurich
were
resolved
to
recede
no
whit
from
the
Liturgy
used
in
England
under
King
Edward
the
sixth
;
and
unless
,
coming
thither
they
might
be
assured
,
they
should
have
the
full
and
free
use
thereof
,
they
utterly
refused
any
Communion
with
their
Congregation
.
Then
came
Mr.
John
Knox
from
Geneva
,
and
was
chosen
by
the
Congregation
at
Frankford
for
their
Pastor
.
At
which
time
Mr.
Chambers
,
and
Mr.
Edmond
Grindal
,
came
thither
as
Agents
,
with
a
Letter
from
the
Congregation
of
Strasburgh
.
Troubles
of
Frankford
.
p.
24.
These
made
a
motion
,
that
they
might
have
the
substance
of
the
Common-prayer-book
,
though
such
Ceremonies
,
and
things
,
which
the
Country
could
not
bear
,
might
well
be
omitted
.
But
Knox
and
Whittingham
were
as
much
bent
against
the
substance
of
the
Book
,
as
against
any
of
the
Circumstantials
which
belonged
to
it
.
Hereupon
Grindal
and
Chambers
return
back
again
to
Strasburgh
.
Knox
,
and
others
in
Frankford
,
drew
up
,
in
Latin
,
a
platform
of
the
English
Liturgy
,
and
sent
it
to
Geneva
,
tendring
it
to
the
judgment
of
Mr.
John
Calvin
:
who
answereth
,
that
in
the
English
Liturgy
he
had
observed
multas
tolerabiles
ineptias
,
many
tolerable
fooleries
,
adding
,
that
there
wanted
that
purity
which
was
to
be
desired
in
it
,
that
it
contained
many
Relicks
of
Popish
dregs
;
that
seeing
there
was
no
manifest
impiety
in
it
,
it
had
been
tolerated
for
a
season
,
because
at
first
it
could
not
otherwise
be
admitted
.
But
howsoever
!
though
it
was
lawful
to
begin
with
such
beggarly
rudiments
,
yet
it
behoved
the
learned
,
grave
,
and
godly
Ministers
of
Christ
,
to
endeavour
further
,
and
set
forth
something
more
refined
from
filth
and
rustiness
.
This
being
sent
unto
Knox
and
Whittingham
,
those
who
formerly
approved
,
did
afterwards
dislike
the
English
Liturgy
.
But
in
the
end
it
was
agreed
on
,
that
a
mixt
form
,
consisting
partly
of
the
order
of
Geneva
,
and
partly
of
the
Book
of
England
,
should
be
digested
,
and
received
till
the
first
of
April
.
In
this
condition
of
affairs
,
Doctor
Richard
Cox
,
the
late
Dean
of
Christ-church
,
and
Westminster
,
first
School-master
,
and
afterward
Almoner
to
King
Edward
the
Sixth
,
putteth
himself
into
Frankford
,
March
13.
accompanied
with
many
English
Exiles
.
Being
a
man
of
great
learning
,
of
great
authority
in
the
Church
,
and
one
that
had
a
principal
hand
in
drawing
up
the
Liturgy
by
Law
established
,
he
could
not
patiently
bear
these
innovations
in
it
.
He
thereupon
first
begins
to
answer
the
Minister
,
contrary
to
the
order
there
agreed
on
,
and
the
next
Lord's-day
after
causeth
one
of
his
company
to
go
into
the
Pulpit
,
and
read
the
Litany
.
Against
which
doings
of
his
Knox
,
in
a
Sermon
the
same
day
,
inveigheth
most
bitterly
,
affirming
many
things
in
the
English
book
to
be
imperfect
,
and
superstitious
:
for
which
he
is
both
rebuked
by
Cox
,
and
forbidden
to
preach
.
Hereupon
Whittingham
procureth
an
Order
from
the
Magistrates
,
requiring
that
the
English
should
conform
themselves
to
the
Rules
of
the
French
.
Cox
his
party
being
depressed
,
they
accuse
Knox
to
the
State
,
for
high
Treason
against
the
Emperor
,
in
an
English
book
of
his
,
entitled
,
An
Admonition
to
all
Christians
,
first
privately
preached
in
Buckinghamshire
,
and
now
publickly
printed
to
the
world
,
wherein
he
called
the
Emperor
no
less
an
enemy
to
Christ
,
than
Nero.
Hereupon
the
State
of
Frankford
willed
Knox
to
depart
the
City
,
who
on
March
25.
to
the
great
grief
of
his
Friends
,
left
the
Congregation
,
and
retireth
himself
to
Geneva
.
Whittingham
and
the
rest
of
his
party
were
commanded
to
receive
the
Book
of
England
,
against
which
Order
Whittingham
,
for
a
time
,
opposeth
,
encouraged
therein
by
Goodman
;
but
finding
Cox
and
his
party
too
strong
for
them
,
they
also
left
Franc●ford
shortly
after
.
Then
Doctor
Cox
and
his
Adherents
proceed
to
elect
Officers
in
the
Congregation
.
Mr.
Whitehead
is
chosen
their
Pastor
,
yet
so
,
as
two
Ministers
,
four
Elders
,
and
four
Deacons
were
joyned
to
assist
him
.
And
because
this
was
then
an
University
,
as
●ell
as
a
Congregation
,
of
the
English
,
Mr.
Robert
Horn
was
chosen
to
be
Hebrew
Reader
,
Mr.
Mullings
to
read
the
Greek
Lecture
,
and
Mr.
Trahern
the
Lecture
in
Divinity
.
Here
a
moderate
motion
was
made
,
that
the
difference
might
be
compremised
,
and
referred
to
Arbitrators
;
which
should
be
equally
chosen
on
both
sides
.
To
this
Doctor
Cox
his
party
would
in
no
wise
consent
,
and
lost
much
reputation
by
the
refusal
.
The
Names
of
those
who
separated
themselves
from
this
Congregation
were
as
followeth
.
-
William
Williams
.
-
William
Whittingham
.
-
Anthony
Gilby
.
-
Christopher
Goodman
-
Thomas
Cole
.
-
John
Fox
.
-
Thomas
Wood.
-
William
Kethe
.
-
John
Kelk
.
-
John
Hilton
.
-
Christopher
Scothous
.
-
Nicholas
Purfote
.
-
John
Escot
.
-
Thomas
Grafton
.
-
William
Walton
.
-
Laurence
Kent
.
-
John
Hellingham
.
-
Anthony
Carier
.
Of
these
Mr.
Fox
,
with
a
few
more
,
went
to
Basil
:
the
rest
setled
themselves
at
Geneva
,
where
they
made
choice
of
Knox
and
Goodman
for
their
constant
Preachers
,
under
which
Ministry
they
reject
the
whole
frame
and
fabrick
of
he
Reformation
made
in
England
,
conformed
themselves
wholly
to
the
fashions
of
the
Church
of
Geneva
.
It
was
not
long
after
the
setling
of
the
Liturgy
at
Franckford
,
before
Whitehead
left
the
Ministry
of
the
English
Congregation
,
which
Cox
obtained
for
Mr.
Horn.
That
being
done
,
he
withdrew
himself
to
Strasburg
,
there
to
enjoy
the
company
of
Peter
Martyr
,
with
whom
he
was
well
acquainted
,
while
he
lived
in
Christ-church
.
By
Doctor
Cox
his
departure
a
new
gap
is
open
for
another
dissention
.
Some
words
had
passed
,
at
a
Supper
,
between
Horn
the
Pastor
,
and
Ashley
,
a
Gentleman
of
note
,
intended
rather
for
increase
of
charity
,
than
breach
of
friendship
.
Ashley
is
three
dayes
after
cited
to
appear
at
the
house
of
one
of
the
Elders
,
to
answer
for
some
words
he
had
spoken
in
contempt
of
the
Ministry
.
But
,
from
the
Elders
,
he
appeals
to
the
Congregation
,
among
whom
he
prevails
so
far
,
that
they
send
a
Message
,
by
two
of
their
company
,
to
the
Pastor
,
and
Elders
,
to
proceed
no
further
in
the
cause
.
Horn
being
backed
by
Chambers
,
the
publick
Treasurer
,
excepts
against
thi●●essage
,
as
not
decreed
by
the
whole
Congregation
,
and
resolves
to
maintain
that
authority
,
which
had
been
conferred
on
him
and
the
rest
o●
the
Elders
,
Ashley
,
and
his
party
,
on
the
other
side
,
protest
against
the
Pastor
and
Elders
,
as
an
adverse
party
,
and
therefore
not
in
a
capacity
to
sit
as
Judges
in
the
present
case
,
and
do
consult
about
the
making
of
a
Book
of
Discipline
for
the
curbing
the
exorbitant
power
(
for
so
they
thought
it
)
of
the
Pastors
and
Elders
.
Thereupon
the
Pastor
and
Elders
forsake
their
Offices
,
and
on
the
next
day
of
publick
meeting
take
place
among
the
rest
as
private
persons
.
The
Congregation
full
,
but
the
Pulpit
empty
,
which
put
the
rest
upon
a
humour
of
electing
others
to
take
the
Pulpit
charge
upon
them
.
The
noise
of
these
disorders
awakens
the
Magistrates
,
who
command
Horn
and
Chambers
to
forbear
the
Congregation
until
further
order
,
and
afterwards
restoring
them
to
their
former
authority
,
by
publick
edict
,
were
contradicted
in
it
by
Ashley's
party
,
who
,
having
got
some
power
into
their
hands
,
were
resolved
to
hold
it
.
In
the
mean
time
a
Book
of
Discipline
had
been
drawn
,
and
tendred
to
the
Congregation
,
according
to
the
Rules
,
whereof
the
Supreme
power
,
in
all
Ecclesiastical
causes
,
was
put
into
the
hands
of
the
Congregation
,
Heylin's
Hist.
of
Q.
Mary
.
and
the
disposing
the
publick
moneys
committed
to
the
trust
of
certain
Officers
,
by
the
name
of
Deacons
.
This
makes
the
breach
wider
than
before
.
The
Magistrates
write
their
Letters
to
Strasburg
,
desiring
Doctor
Cox
,
Doctor
Sandys
,
together
with
Robert
Berty
Esquire
,
to
undertake
the
closing
of
the
present
Rupture
.
To
their
arbitrament
each
party
is
content
to
submit
the
controversie
.
In
the
end
a
form
of
Reconciliation
is
drawn
up
by
some
of
the
English
,
who
really
sought
the
peace
of
the
Church
.
But
those
,
who
stood
for
the
new
discipline
,
refused
to
submit
themselves
to
any
establishment
,
by
which
the
power
of
the
diffusive
body
of
the
Congregation
might
be
called
in
question
.
Whereupon
Horn
and
Chambers
depart
to
Strasburg
,
from
whence
Chambers
writ
his
Letters
to
them
twice
,
but
to
no
effect
.
They
had
before
elected
some
new
Ministers
,
and
though
Horn
,
and
his
party
,
opposed
it
,
yet
they
concluded
it
for
the
present
,
and
now
they
mean
to
stand
to
the
conclusion
,
let
Horn
and
Chambers
go
or
tarry
,
as
best
pleased
themselves
.
Such
were
the
troubles
and
disorders
in
the
Church
of
Frankford
,
occasioned
first
by
a
dislike
of
the
publick
Liturgy
,
before
which
they
preferred
the
nakedness
and
simplicity
of
the
French
and
Genevian
Churches
,
(
saith
Doctor
Heylin
)
and
afterwards
continued
by
the
opposition
made
by
the
general
body
of
the
Congregation
,
against
such
who
were
appointed
to
be
Pastors
and
Rulers
over
them
.
And
now
it
is
time
to
return
to
England
,
and
look
back
upon
Cranmer
,
who
had
been
cited
to
the
Court
of
Rome
;
for
nothing
could
be
done
against
the
person
of
a
Metropolitan
,
before
the
Pope
had
taken
cognisance
of
the
cause
,
and
eighty
dayes
had
seemingly
been
given
to
Cranmer
,
for
making
his
appearance
in
the
Court
of
Rome
.
And
though
the
Pope
knew
well
enough
,
as
well
the
Archbishop's
readiness
to
appear
before
him
,
if
he
were
at
at
liberty
,
as
the
impossibility
of
making
any
such
appearance
,
as
the
case
then
stood
;
yet
at
the
end
of
the
said
eighty
dayes
he
is
pronounced
by
the
Pope
,
to
be
contumacious
,
and
for
his
contumacy
to
be
degraded
,
excommunicated
,
and
finally
delivered
over
to
the
secular
Magistrate
.
According
unto
which
Decree
a
Commission
is
directed
unto
Edmond
Bonner
,
Bishop
of
London
,
and
Thomas
Thurlby
,
Bishop
of
Ely
,
to
proceed
in
the
Degradation
of
the
said
Archbishop
,
who
caused
him
to
be
degraded
.
After
this
,
and
before
his
death
,
great
pains
was
taken
by
a
Spanish
Frier
,
in
the
University
,
to
perswade
him
to
a
retraction
of
his
former
Opinions
,
by
whom
it
was
suggested
to
him
,
How
acceptable
it
would
be
to
the
King
and
Queen
,
how
gainful
to
himself
,
in
regard
both
of
his
foul
and
of
his
temporal
being
,
putting
him
in
good
hope
,
that
he
should
not
only
have
his
life
,
but
be
restored
again
to
his
ancient
Dignity
,
&c.
if
he
would
but
subscribe
his
name
to
a
piece
of
Paper
,
which
was
made
ready
for
his
hand
.
By
these
and
the
like
alluring
temptations
he
was
prevailed
upon
to
sign
the
Writing
,
in
which
were
briefly
comprehended
the
chief
points
of
Doctrine
defended
in
the
Church
of
Rome
,
and
by
him
formerly
condemned
,
both
in
publick
and
in
private
.
But
all
this
could
not
save
him
from
being
made
a
Sacrifice
to
revenge
and
avarice
.
The
Queen
had
still
a
vindicative
spirit
against
him
,
for
the
injury
which
she
conceived
had
been
done
to
her
Mother
:
and
the
Cardinal
(
who
hitherto
had
enjoyed
the
profits
of
the
See
of
Canterbury
as
an
Usufructuary
)
was
altogether
as
solicitous
for
getting
a
right
and
title
to
them
as
sole
proprietary
.
No
way
to
pacifie
one
,
and
to
satisfie
the
desires
of
the
other
,
but
by
bringing
him
(
when
he
least
looked
for
it
)
to
the
fatal
Stake
.
And
thither
they
brought
him
;
and
first
he
retracts
his
retraction
,
and
after
punisheth
that
hand
which
had
subscribed
it
,
by
holding
it
forth
into
the
flame
,
and
suffering
it
to
be
consumed
before
the
rest
of
his
body
had
felt
the
fire
.
The
residue
of
his
body
being
burnt
to
ashes
,
his
heart
was
found
entire
and
untouched
in
the
midst
of
the
cinders
:
which
possibly
may
serve
as
a
witness
for
him
,
that
his
heart
stood
fast
unto
the
Truth
,
though
with
his
hand
he
had
subscribed
some
Popish
errors
.
Cardinal
Pool
received
Consecration
to
the
See
of
Canterbury
,
the
very
next
Sunday
after
Cranmer's
death
.
No
fewer
than
two
hundred
are
reported
to
have
been
burnt
by
bloody
Bonner
,
the
most
eminent
of
all
which
number
was
Mr.
John
Philpot
,
Archdeacon
of
Winchester
,
who
,
though
of
Gardiner's
Diocess
,
was
condemned
by
Bonner
,
Gardiner
being
well
enough
contented
to
find
out
the
Game
,
and
leave
it
to
be
followed
by
that
bloody
Hunter
.
Dr.
John
Christopherson
,
Bishop
of
Chichester
,
is
recorded
to
have
burnt
ten
in
one
fire
at
Lewis
;
and
seventeen
others
at
several
times
in
sundry
places
,
among
which
was
Richard
Woodman
,
of
Warbleton
in
Sussex
,
that
notable
Martyr
,
and
four
at
Mayfield
,
viz.
John
Hart
,
Thomas
Ravensdal
,
a
Shoomaker
,
and
a
Collier
.
Harpfield
,
Archdeacon
of
London
,
and
Thornton
,
the
Suffragan
of
Dover
,
are
said
to
have
poured
out
blood
like
water
.
The
same
is
said
of
Griffin
of
Rochester
,
and
Downing
,
Chancellor
of
Norwich
.
The
same
character
is
given
of
Bishop
Bayn
of
Coventry
and
Litchfield
,
who
burned
many
faithful
Ministers
and
others
.
In
all
the
Province
of
York
I
find
none
brought
to
the
Stake
but
George
Marsh
of
Chester
,
condemned
thereto
by
Bishop
Coles
.
Besides
the
burning
of
Bishop
Farrar
,
at
Carmarthen
,
by
Bishop
Morgan
,
and
of
Rawlins
,
and
White
,
at
Cardiff
,
by
Bishop
Kitching
:
No
great
cruelty
seems
to
have
been
acted
in
the
four
Welsh
Diocesses
.
In
the
Diocess
of
Exeter
,
Wells
,
Peterborough
,
and
Lincoln
(
though
this
last
the
greatest
in
the
Kingdom
)
I
find
mention
but
of
one
a
piece
:
of
two
in
that
of
Ely
,
and
of
no
more
than
three
apiece
in
that
of
Bristol
,
and
Sarisbury
;
for
at
Newbury
were
burnt
that
famous
Julius
Palmer
,
with
two
others
.
Doctor
Tunstal
,
Bishop
of
Durham
,
was
in
Queen
Maries
time
no
great
persecutor
,
his
Bishoprick
had
dayes
of
quiet
under
him
.
When
Mr.
Russel
,
a
Preacher
was
brought
before
him
,
and
Doctor
Himner
,
his
Chancellor
,
would
have
had
him
examined
more
strictly
,
the
Bishop
stayed
him
,
saying
,
Hitherto
we
have
had
a
good
report
among
our
Neighbours
,
I
pray
you
bring
not
this
mans
blood
upon
my
Head
.
The
Bishop
of
Carlisle
also
was
a
man
of
a
moderate
temper
.
The
Pope
had
published
a
Bull
in
print
,
Anno
1556.
in
which
he
threatened
excommunication
to
all
persons
that
kept
any
Church-lands
unto
themselves
,
as
also
all
Princes
and
Magistrates
,
that
did
not
put
the
same
in
execution
.
Which
though
it
did
not
edifie
much
in
the
Realm
of
England
,
yet
it
found
more
obedience
in
that
of
Ireland
,
in
which
a
Parliament
being
called
,
in
June
1557.
there
passed
an
Act
for
repealing
of
Statutes
,
Articles
,
and
Provisions
made
against
the
See
of
Rome
,
since
the
twentieth
year
of
King
Henry
the
Eighth
,
and
for
abolishing
of
several
Ecclesiastical
possessions
,
conveyed
to
the
Laity
,
as
also
for
the
extinguishment
of
First-fruits
and
Twentieth
parts
(
no
more
than
the
yearly
payment
of
the
Twentieth
part
,
having
been
laid
by
Act
of
Parliament
upon
the
Clergy
of
Ireland
)
in
the
first
and
last
clause
whereof
,
as
they
followed
the
example
of
the
Realm
of
England
,
so
possibly
they
might
have
given
a
dangerous
example
to
it
in
the
other
point
,
if
by
the
Queens
death
,
which
followed
shortly
after
,
King
Philip
,
and
the
Popes
,
had
not
lost
all
their
power
and
influence
on
the
English
Nation
;
by
means
whereof
there
was
no
farther
progress
in
the
Restitution
of
the
Abbey-lands
,
no
more
re-edifying
the
old
Religious
houses
,
and
no
intention
for
the
founding
any
new
.
Cardinal
Poole
,
having
visited
his
own
Diocess
,
and
given
out
divers
printed
Articles
,
to
shew
his
great
care
for
the
suppressing
the
growth
of
Heresie
,
sent
his
Commissioners
to
Cambridge
,
who
interdicted
the
two
Churches
,
wherein
Martin
Bucer
,
and
Paulus
Fagius
,
had
been
interred
;
and
the
Writ
being
taken
out
de
comburendo
Haeretico
,
and
being
come
down
,
and
sent
to
the
Mayor
of
Cambridge
,
on
February
6.
the
two
dead
Bodies
were
taken
out
of
their
Graves
,
and
being
laid
in
their
Coffins
,
on
mens
shoulders
,
were
carried
to
the
Market-place
with
a
guard
of
men
,
well
armed
and
weaponed
,
chained
unto
several
posts
,
as
if
still
alive
,
the
wood
and
fire
put
to
them
,
and
their
Bodies
burned
,
together
with
so
many
of
their
Books
as
could
be
gotten
,
which
were
cast
into
the
same
flames
also
.
Queen
Mary
now
engageth
in
her
Husband's
quarrel
,
and
King
Philip
having
made
up
an
Army
of
thirty
five
thousand
Foot
,
and
twelve
thousand
Horse
,
besides
a
thousand
Horsemen
,
four
thousand
Footment
,
and
two
thousand
Pioners
sent
out
of
England
,
under
the
command
of
the
Earl
of
Pembrook
,
sate
down
before
St.
Quintin
,
the
chief
Town
of
Piccardy
.
On
August
the
tenth
the
Battels
joyn
,
in
which
the
French
were
vanquished
,
and
their
Army
routed
,
the
Constable
of
France
,
the
Prince
of
Mantua
,
the
Duke
of
Montpensier
and
Longueville
,
with
six
others
of
the
prime
Nobility
,
and
many
others
of
less
note
,
being
taken
prisoners
.
The
Duke
of
Anguien
,
the
Viscount
Turin
,
most
of
the
Foot-Captains
,
and
the
common
Souldiers
,
to
the
number
of
two
thousand
five
hundred
,
were
slain
upon
the
place
.
King
Philip
stormed
St.
Quintin
on
the
eighteenth
day
.
After
which
service
,
the
English
finding
some
neglect
from
King
Philip
,
desired
to
be
dismissed
into
their
Country
,
which
was
indulged
unto
them
.
By
whose
dismission
King
Philip
could
do
no
action
of
importance
in
the
rest
of
the
War
.
But
the
Queen
shall
pay
dearly
for
this
Victory
.
The
English
were
then
possessed
of
the
Town
of
Calais
,
with
many
other
Forts
thereabout
,
as
Guisness
,
Hames
,
Ardres
,
&c.
together
with
the
whole
Territory
,
a
Town
situate
on
the
mouth
of
the
English
Chanel
,
opposite
to
Dover
,
and
distant
not
above
twenty
five
miles
from
it
.
King
Edward
the
Third
,
after
a
Siege
of
more
than
eleven
months
,
became
Master
of
it
,
Anno
1347.
by
whom
it
was
first
made
a
Colony
of
the
English
Nation
,
and
after
one
of
the
Staple-Towns
for
the
sale
of
Wooll
:
kept
with
great
care
by
his
Successors
,
who
,
as
long
as
they
had
it
in
their
hand
,
were
said
to
carry
the
Keys
of
France
at
their
Girdle
:
a
Town
which
,
for
more
than
two
hundred
years
had
been
in
possession
of
the
English
.
The
Queen
had
broke
the
peace
with
France
,
and
taken
no
care
to
fortifie
this
place
in
this
time
of
War
.
Then
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
one
of
the
best
Souldiers
of
that
Age
,
now
called
back
out
of
Italy
,
being
informed
by
the
Governor
of
Bulloign
,
that
the
Town
was
neither
so
well
fortified
,
nor
so
strongly
garrisoned
,
but
that
it
might
easily
be
taken
,
on
New-years-day
sate
down
before
it
,
and
on
Twelfth-day
had
it
surrendred
up
unto
him
,
by
the
Lord
Deputy
Wentworth
,
who
had
the
chief
government
of
it
.
Guisnesse
,
Hames
,
and
all
the
other
Forts
in
the
County
of
Oye
were
reduced
under
the
power
of
the
French
within
few
dayes
after
.
The
Pope
is
displeased
with
Cardinal
Pool
,
by
whose
perswasion
,
it
was
thought
,
that
the
Queen
had
broke
her
League
with
France
,
to
take
part
with
her
Husband
:
therefore
he
deprives
Pool
of
the
Legantine
power
,
confers
the
same
upon
Friar
Peitow
,
an
English-man
by
birth
,
and
of
good
descent
,
whom
he
designs
also
to
the
See
of
Sarisbury
,
then
void
by
the
death
of
Capon
.
Karn
,
the
Queens
Agent
with
the
Pope
,
advertiseth
her
of
these
secret
practices
.
Pool
layes
by
the
Cross
of
his
Legation
,
and
abstains
from
the
exercise
of
his
Bulls
and
Faculties
.
Peitow
,
the
new
Cardinal-Legat
,
puts
himself
on
the
way
to
England
,
when
the
Queen
commandeth
him
,
at
his
peril
,
not
to
adventure
to
set
foot
on
English
ground
.
Peitow
died
in
April
following
,
the
rupture
was
made
up
again
,
and
Pool
was
confirmed
in
the
possession
of
his
former
powers
.
And
thereupon
followed
the
burning
divers
persons
in
the
Diocess
of
Canterbury
,
whereof
two
suffered
at
Ashford
,
and
six
in
his
own
Metropolitan
City
.
These
Godly
Martyrs
,
in
their
prayers
which
they
made
before
their
Martyrdom
,
desired
God
,
that
their
blood
might
be
the
last
that
should
be
shed
,
and
so
it
came
to
pass
.
The
number
of
prohibited
Books
increasing
every
day
more
and
more
,
a
Proclamation
was
set
forth
on
June
the
sixth
,
to
hinder
the
continual
spreading
of
so
great
a
mischief
.
Which
Proclamation
,
though
it
were
very
smart
,
yet
not
so
full
of
rigour
as
another
,
which
came
out
at
the
burning
of
seven
persons
in
Smithfield
,
published
both
at
Newgate
,
where
they
were
imprisoned
,
and
at
the
Stake
where
they
were
to
suffer
,
whereby
it
was
straitly
charged
and
commanded
,
That
no
man
should
either
pray
for
,
or
speak
to
them
,
or
once
say
,
God
help
them
.
Which
Proclamation
notwithstanding
,
Bentham
,
the
Minister
of
one
of
the
London
Congregations
,
seeing
the
fire
set
to
them
,
turning
his
eyes
unto
the
people
,
and
cried
,
We
know
they
are
the
People
of
God
,
and
therefore
we
cannot
chuse
but
wish
well
to
them
,
and
say
,
God
strengthen
them
.
And
so
he
said
,
Almighty
God
,
for
Christ's
sake
strengthen
them
.
With
that
all
the
people
,
with
one
consent
,
cried
,
Amen
,
Amen
.
It
was
very
admirable
,
that
the
Protestants
should
have
a
Congregation
under
Bonner's
nose
,
yet
so
it
was
:
and
in
one
of
those
Congregations
,
whereof
Bentham
was
Minister
,
there
assembled
seldom
under
forty
,
many
times
an
hundred
and
more
:
the
Ministers
whereof
successively
were
Mr.
Edward
Scambler
,
after
Bishop
of
Peterborough
,
Mr.
Thomas
Foule
,
Mr.
John
Rough
,
convented
and
condemned
by
Bonner
,
and
burnt
for
the
Truth
.
After
whom
followed
Mr.
Augustine
Bernher
,
a
moderate
and
learned
man
,
and
finally
Mr.
Thomas
Bentham
forementioned
,
who
continued
in
that
charge
till
the
death
of
Queen
Mary
,
and
was
by
Queen
Elizabeth
preferred
to
the
Sea
of
Lichfield
,
Anno
1589.
And
notwithstanding
all
the
care
of
the
Queens
Inquisitors
,
many
good
Books
of
true
Christian
Consolation
,
and
good
Doctrine
,
did
either
find
some
Press
in
London
,
or
were
sent
over
to
their
Brethren
by
such
learned
men
as
had
retired
themselves
to
their
several
Sanctuaries
.
Then
raged
a
contagious
Fever
in
most
parts
of
the
Land
,
and
no
former
Plague
was
thought
to
have
destroyed
a
greater
number
,
so
that
divers
places
were
left
void
of
Justices
,
and
men
of
worth
,
to
govern
the
Kingdom
.
At
which
time
died
also
so
many
Priests
,
that
a
great
number
of
Parish-Churches
,
in
divers
places
,
were
unserved
,
and
no
Curates
could
be
gotten
for
money
.
Much
corn
was
also
lost
in
the
field
for
want
of
Workmen
to
get
it
in
.
Physitians
died
as
well
as
the
Patients
,
two
of
the
Queens
Doctors
dying
of
it
a
little
before
the
death
of
the
Queen
.
It
spared
the
Prelat
no
more
than
the
Priest
,
insomuch
,
that
within
less
than
the
space
of
twelve
months
almost
one
half
of
the
English
Bishops
had
made
void
their
Sees
.
Now
God
put
an
end
to
those
calamities
of
his
Children
by
the
death
of
Queen
Mary
,
who
died
of
a
Dropsie
,
November
the
seventeenth
,
1558.
Within
few
hours
after
her
death
,
died
Cardinal
Pool
,
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
.
He
procured
of
the
Queen
the
Patronage
of
nineteen
Benefices
unto
his
See
,
promised
,
and
intended
,
to
repair
the
Palace
at
Canterbury
.
He
was
buried
in
his
own
Cathedral
,
with
this
short
and
modest
Epitaph
upon
his
plain
Monument
,
DEPOSITVM
CARDINALIS
POLI.
The
Parliament
sate
at
Queen
Maries
death
,
after
which
they
only
continued
so
long
,
as
joyntly
and
publickly
to
proclaim
Elizabeth
Queen
,
and
then
they
were
dissolved
:
Queen
Maries
body
was
enterred
in
the
Chappel
of
King
Henry
the
Seventh
,
in
the
Isle
on
the
North
side
thereof
.
ELIZABETH
,
the
only
Child
then
living
of
King
Henry
the
Eighth
,
succeeded
her
Sister
in
the
Throne
,
on
November
the
seventeenth
,
Anno
1558.
She
was
proclaimed
by
the
King
at
Arms
,
first
before
Westminster-hall
door
,
in
the
presence
of
the
Lords
and
Commons
,
and
,
not
long
after
,
at
the
Cross
in
Cheapside
,
and
other
places
in
the
City
,
in
the
presence
of
the
Lord
Mayor
,
Aldermen
,
and
principal
Citizens
,
to
the
great
joy
of
all
peaceable
and
well-affected
people
.
The
news
whereof
,
being
brought
unto
her
by
some
of
the
Lords
,
she
removes
from
Hatfield
on
the
nineteenth
of
that
month
,
and
with
a
great
and
royal
Train
sets
forward
to
London
.
At
Highgate
(
four
miles
from
the
City
)
she
was
met
by
all
the
Bishops
then
living
,
who
presented
themselves
before
her
upon
their
knees
.
In
which
address
,
as
she
expressed
no
small
contentment
,
so
she
gave
to
each
of
them
particularly
her
hand
to
kiss
,
except
only
unto
Bonner
of
London
.
At
her
first
coming
to
the
City
,
she
took
her
lodging
in
the
Charter-house
,
where
she
staid
some
dayes
,
till
all
things
in
the
Tower
might
be
fitted
for
her
reception
.
Attended
by
the
Lord
Mayor
and
Aldermen
,
with
a
stately
Train
of
Lords
and
Ladies
,
she
entreth
by
Cripple-gate
into
the
City
,
passeth
along
the
Wall
till
she
came
to
Bishops-gate
,
where
all
the
Companies
of
the
City
,
in
their
several
Liveries
waited
her
coming
,
in
their
proper
and
distinct
ranks
,
reaching
from
thence
until
the
further
end
of
Mark-lane
,
where
she
was
entertained
with
a
peal
of
great
Ordinance
from
the
Tower
.
At
her
entrance
into
which
place
she
rendred
her
most
humble
thanks
to
Almighty
God
,
for
the
great
and
wondrous
change
of
her
condition
,
in
bringing
her
from
being
a
prisoner
in
that
place
,
to
be
the
Ruler
of
her
people
,
and
now
to
take
possession
of
it
as
a
Royal
Palace
.
Here
she
,
emained
till
December
the
fifth
,
then
next
following
,
and
from
thence
removed
by
water
to
Sommerset-house
.
In
each
remove
she
found
such
infinite
throngs
of
people
,
which
flocked
from
all
parts
to
see
her
,
both
by
land
and
water
,
and
testified
their
publick
joy
,
by
such
loud
acclamations
,
as
much
rejoyced
her
heart
to
hear
,
and
could
not
but
express
it
in
her
words
and
countenance
.
As
she
passed
through
London
,
the
Bible
was
presented
to
her
at
the
little
Conduit
in
Cheapside
,
which
she
received
with
both
her
hands
;
and
kissing
it
,
laid
it
to
her
breast
,
saying
,
That
the
same
had
ever
been
her
delight
,
and
should
be
the
rule
by
which
she
meant
to
frame
her
Government
.
She
was
crowned
by
Owen
Oglethorp
,
Bishop
of
Carlisle
,
Camden's
Hist.
of
Q.
Elizab.
on
January
the
fourteenth
,
for
that
the
Archbishop
of
York
,
and
the
rest
of
the
Bishops
refused
to
perform
that
office
,
suspecting
her
Religion
,
who
had
been
first
bred
in
the
Protestants
Religion
,
and
also
for
that
she
had
very
lately
forbidden
the
Bishop
,
in
saying
Mass
to
lift
up
the
Host
to
be
adored
,
and
permitted
the
Li●any
,
with
the
Epistle
and
Gospel
,
to
be
read
in
the
vulgar
tongue
.
For
the
first
six
weeks
things
stood
in
their
former
state
,
without
the
least
alteration
.
She
being
now
twenty
five
years
of
age
,
and
taught
by
Experience
and
Adversity
,
had
gathered
wisdom
above
age
;
the
proof
whereof
she
gave
in
chusing
her
Counsellors
,
which
were
as
follow
.
-
Nicholas
Heath
,
Archbishop
of
York
.
-
William
Pawlet
,
Marquess
of
Winchester
,
Lord
Treasurer
.
-
Henry
Fitz-Alan
,
Earl
of
Arundel
.
-
Francis
Talbot
,
Earl
of
Shrewsbury
.
-
Edward
Stanley
,
Earl
of
Darby
.
-
William
Herbert
,
Earl
of
Pembrook
.
-
Edward
,
Lord
Clinton
,
Lord
Admiral
of
the
Sea
.
-
William
,
Lord
Howard
of
Effingham
,
Lord
Chamberlain
.
-
Sir
Thomas
Cheiney
.
-
Sir
William
Peter
.
-
Sir
John
Mason
.
-
Sir
Richard
Sackvill
.
-
Nicholas
Wotton
,
Dean
of
Canterbury
.
All
these
were
Papists
,
and
of
Queen
Maries
Council
.
To
these
she
joyned
of
her
own
,
-
William
Par
,
Marquess
of
Northampton
.
-
Francis
Russel
,
Earl
of
Bedford
.
-
Edward
Rogers
.
-
Ambrose
Cave
.
-
Francis
Knollys
.
-
William
Cecil
,
who
had
been
Secretary
to
King
Edward
the
Sixth
,
and
soon
after
Nicholas
Bacon
,
whom
she
made
Lord
Keeper
of
the
Great
Seal
.
All
these
were
of
the
Protestants
Religion
,
and
had
been
in
no
place
under
Queen
Mary
.
Proclamations
came
forth
,
that
Preachers
should
abstain
from
questions
controverted
in
Religion
.
Then
care
was
taken
for
sending
new
Commissions
unto
such
Ambassadors
,
as
resided
in
the
Courts
of
several
Princes
,
both
to
acquaint
them
with
the
change
,
and
to
assure
those
Princes
of
the
Queen's
desire
to
maintain
all
former
leagues
between
them
and
the
Crown
of
England
.
To
her
Agent
in
the
Court
of
Spain
,
it
was
given
in
charge
,
to
represent
to
the
King
the
dear
remembrance
which
she
kept
of
those
many
Humanities
received
from
him
in
the
time
of
her
Troubles
.
Instructions
are
sent
also
to
Sir
Edward
Karn
,
the
late
Queen's
Agent
with
the
Pope
,
and
now
confirmed
by
her
in
the
same
employment
,
to
make
the
Pope
acquainted
with
the
death
of
Queen
Mary
,
and
her
succession
to
the
Crown
,
not
without
some
desire
,
that
all
good
Offices
might
be
reciprocally
exchanged
between
them
.
But
the
Pope
answered
,
Heylin
.
Hist.
of
Q.
Elizab.
An.
Reg.
1.
That
the
Kingdom
of
England
was
held
in
Fee
of
the
Apostolick
See
:
That
she
could
not
succeed
,
being
Illegitimate
.
That
He
could
not
contradict
the
declaration
of
Clement
the
Seventh
,
and
Paul
the
Third
.
That
it
was
a
great
boldness
to
assume
the
Name
,
and
Government
of
it
,
without
him
:
yet
being
desirous
to
shew
a
Fatherly
affection
,
if
she
would
renounce
her
pretensions
,
and
refer
her self
wholly
to
his
free
disposition
,
He
will
do
whatsoever
may
be
done
with
the
Honour
of
the
Apostolick
See
.
The
new
Queen
having
performed
this
office
of
Civility
to
him
,
as
she
did
to
others
,
expected
no
answer
,
nor
took
much
thought
of
it
when
she
heard
it
.
Many
who
were
imprisoned
for
Religion
,
she
restored
to
liberty
at
her
first
coming
to
the
Crown
:
which
occasioned
Rainsford
,
a
Gentleman
of
the
Court
,
to
make
a
sute
to
her
in
the
behalf
of
Matthew
,
Mark
,
Luke
and
John
,
who
had
been
long
imprisoned
in
a
Latin
Translation
,
that
they
also
might
walk
abroad
(
as
formerly
)
in
the
English
Tongue
.
To
whom
she
made
answer
,
That
he
should
first
endeavour
to
know
the
minds
of
the
prisoners
,
who
perhaps
desired
no
such
liberty
as
he
demanded
.
King
Philip
fearing
least
he
should
lose
the
strength
and
title
of
the
Kingdom
of
England
,
and
that
the
Kingdom
of
England
,
Scotland
,
and
Ireland
,
would
by
Mary
Queen
of
Scots
be
annexed
unto
France
,
dealt
seriously
with
Queen
Elizabeth
,
about
a
Marriage
to
be
contracted
with
her
,
promising
to
procure
a
special
dispensation
from
the
Bishop
of
Rome
.
The
Queen
weighing
in
her
mind
the
unlawfulness
of
such
a
Marriage
,
puts
off
King
Philip
by
little
and
little
,
with
a
modest
answer
,
but
indeed
out
of
scruple
of
Conscience
.
And
now
she
thought
nothing
more
pleasing
to
God
,
than
that
Religion
should
be
forthwith
be
altered
.
Thereupon
the
care
of
correcting
the
Liturgy
,
was
committed
to
Doctor
Matthew
Parker
,
Bill
,
May
,
Grindal
,
Whitehead
,
and
Pilkinton
,
Learned
and
moderate
Divines
,
and
to
Sir
Thomas
Smith
Knight
;
the
matter
being
imparted
to
no
man
,
but
the
Marquess
of
Northampton
,
the
Earl
of
Bedford
,
Sir
John
Grey
of
Pyrgo
,
and
Sir
William
Cecil
.
A
Parliament
was
summoned
to
begin
on
January
25.
which
opened
with
an
Eloquent
and
Learned
Sermon
,
Preached
by
Dr.
Cox
.
In
the
House
of
Commons
there
were
some
furious
Spirits
,
who
eagerly
opposed
all
propositions
,
which
seemed
to
tend
unto
the
prejudice
of
the
Church
of
Rome
.
Of
which
number
none
so
violent
as
Scory
,
Doctor
of
the
Laws
,
and
a
Great
Instrument
of
Bonner's
Butcheries
in
Queen
Mary's
Reign
:
who
being
questioned
for
the
cruelty
of
his
Executions
,
declared
himself
to
be
sorry
for
nothing
more
,
That
instead
of
lopping
off
some
few
boughes
and
branches
,
he
did
not
lay
his
Ax
to
the
Root
of
the
Tree
:
Yet
passed
He
unpunished
for
the
present
,
though
Divine
Vengeance
brought
him
in
the
end
to
his
just
reward
.
In
this
Parliament
passed
an
Act
for
recognizing
the
Queen's
just
Title
to
the
Crown
,
but
without
any
Act
for
the
validity
of
her
Mother's
Marriage
,
on
which
her
Title
most
depended
.
There
passed
an
Act
also
for
restoring
the
Tenths
,
and
first
Fruits
,
to
the
Crown
;
first
setled
thereon
in
the
time
of
King
Henry
the
Eighth
,
and
afterwards
given
back
by
Queen
Mary
to
the
Pope
.
They
passed
an
Act
also
for
the
dissolution
of
all
such
Monasteries
,
Convents
,
and
Religious
Orders
,
as
had
been
Founded
and
established
by
Queen
Mary
.
By
vertue
of
which
Act
Queen
Elizabeth
was
repossessed
of
all
those
Lands
,
which
had
been
granted
by
her
Sister
,
to
the
Monks
of
Westminster
and
Shen
,
the
Knights
Hospitallers
,
the
Nuns
of
Sion
,
together
with
the
Mansion
houses
re-edified
for
the
Observants
of
Greenwich
,
and
the
Black-friers
in
Smithfield
.
In
passing
the
Act
of
the
Supremacy
there
was
some
trouble
;
it
seemed
to
be
a
thing
even
abhorrent
in
Nature
and
Polity
,
that
a
Woman
should
be
declared
to
be
the
Supreme
Head
on
Earth
of
the
Church
of
England
.
But
the
Queen
declined
the
Title
of
Head
,
and
assumed
the
name
of
Governor
of
the
Church
of
England
.
This
Act
having
easily
passed
the
House
of
Commons
,
found
none
of
the
Temporal
Lords
in
the
House
of
Lords
to
oppose
it
,
save
onely
the
Earl
of
Shrewsbury
,
and
Anthony
Brown
Viscount
Montacute
.
As
for
the
Bishops
,
there
were
but
fourteen
,
and
the
Abbot
of
Westminster
,
then
alive
:
of
whom
four
being
absent
,
the
rest
could
not
make
any
considerable
opposition
.
In
the
Convocation
of
the
Clergy
there
passed
certain
Articles
of
Religion
,
which
they
tendered
to
the
Parliament
,
which
were
these
.
-
I.
That
in
the
Sacrament
of
the
Altar
,
by
the
vertue
of
Christ
assisting
,
after
the
word
is
duly
pronounced
by
the
Priest
,
the
natural
Body
of
Christ
,
conceived
by
the
Virgin
Mary
is
really
present
,
under
the
Species
of
Bread
and
Wine
,
also
his
natural
Blood
.
-
II.
That
after
the
Consecration
,
there
remains
not
the
substance
of
Bread
and
Wine
,
nor
any
other
substance
,
save
the
substance
of
God
and
Man
.
-
III.
That
the
true
Body
of
Christ
,
and
his
true
Blood
is
offered
a
propitiatory
Sacrifice
for
the
quick
and
dead
,
-
IV.
That
the
supreme
power
of
feeding
and
governing
the
Militant
Church
of
Christ
,
and
of
confirming
their
Brethren
,
is
given
to
Peter
the
Apostle
,
and
to
his
lawful
Successors
in
the
See
Apostolick
,
as
unto
the
Vicars
of
Christ
.
-
V.
That
the
Authority
to
handle
and
define
such
things
which
belong
to
Faith
,
the
Sacraments
,
and
Discipline
Ecclesiastical
,
hath
hitherto
ever
belonged
,
and
onely
ought
to
belong
unto
the
Pastors
of
the
Church
,
whom
the
Holy
Spirit
hath
placed
in
the
Church
of
God
,
and
not
unto
Lay-men
.
This
Remonstrance
exhibited
by
the
lower
house
of
Convocation
to
the
Bishops
,
was
,
according
to
their
Requests
,
presented
by
Edmond
Bonner
,
Bishop
of
London
,
to
the
Lord
Keeper
of
the
Broad-seal
of
England
in
the
Parliament
.
Both
Universities
did
concur
to
the
truth
of
the
foresaid
Articles
,
the
last
onely
excepted
.
This
Declaration
of
the
Popish
Clergy
hastened
the
disputation
appointed
on
the
last
of
March
,
in
the
Church
of
Westminster
,
wherein
these
Questions
were
debated
.
-
I.
Whether
Service
and
Sacraments
ought
to
be
celebrated
in
the
vulgar
Tongue
?
-
II.
Whether
the
Church
hath
not
power
to
alter
Ceremonies
?
-
III.
Whether
the
Mass
be
a
propitiatory
Sacrifice
for
the
living
and
the
dead
.
Popish
Disputants
.
-
White
Bishop
of
Winchester
.
-
Watson
Bishop
of
Lincoln
.
-
Baynes
Bishop
of
Coventry
and
Litchfield
.
-
Scot
Bishop
of
CHESTER
.
Protestant
Disputants
.
-
John
Scory
late
Bishop
of
Chichester
.
-
David
Whitehead
.
-
Robert
Horn.
-
Edmond
Gwest
.
-
Edwyn
Sandys
.
-
John
Elmer
.
-
Edmond
Grindal
.
-
John
Juel
.
Moderators
.
Nicholas
Heath
,
Archbishop
of
York
,
Sir
Nicholas
Bacon
,
Lord
Keeper
of
the
Great
Seal
.
Besides
the
Disputants
,
there
were
present
many
of
the
Lords
of
the
Queens
Council
,
with
other
of
the
Nobility
,
as
also
many
of
the
lower
House
of
Parliament
.
For
the
manner
of
their
conference
,
it
was
agreed
it
should
be
performed
in
writing
,
and
that
the
Bishops
should
deliver
their
Reasons
in
writing
first
.
Many
differences
arose
between
them
,
so
that
the
conference
broke
off
,
and
nothing
was
determined
.
The
Bishops
of
Lincoln
and
Winchester
thought
meet
,
that
the
Queen
and
the
Authors
of
this
defection
from
the
Church
of
Rome
,
should
be
Excommunicated
,
who
for
this
cause
were
imprisoned
.
Then
a
Peace
being
made
,
was
Proclaimed
over
all
England
,
betwixt
the
Queen
of
England
,
the
King
of
France
,
the
Daulphin
,
and
the
Queen
of
Scots
.
The
Parliament
being
dissolved
,
by
Authority
of
the
same
the
Liturgy
was
forthwith
brought
into
the
Churches
in
the
Vulgar
Tongue
;
the
Oath
of
Supremacy
offered
to
the
Popish
Bishops
,
and
others
of
the
Ecclesiastical
profession
,
which
most
of
them
had
sworn
unto
,
in
the
Reign
of
King
Henry
the
Eighth
.
All
the
Bishops
refused
,
except
Anthony
Bishop
of
Landaff
.
As
many
as
refused
,
were
turned
out
of
their
Livings
,
Dignities
,
Bishopricks
.
In
the
Sees
of
the
Prelates
removed
were
placed
Protestant
Bishops
:
Matthew
Parker
was
made
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
who
was
Consecrated
by
three
that
formerly
had
been
Bishops
,
namely
,
William
Barlow
of
Bath
and
Wells
,
John
Scory
of
Chichester
,
and
Miles
Coverdale
of
Exeter
.
And
being
Consecrated
himself
,
he
afterward
Consecrated
Edmond
Grindal
Bishop
of
London
,
Richard
Cox
Bishop
of
Ely
,
Edwyn
Sandys
Bishop
of
Worcester
,
Rowland
Merick
Bishop
of
Bangor
,
Thomas
Young
Bishop
of
St.
David's
,
Nicholas
Bullingham
Bishop
of
Lincoln
,
John
Juel
Bishop
of
Salisbury
,
Richard
Davis
Bishop
of
St.
Asaph
,
Edward
Guest
Bishop
of
Rochester
,
Gilbert
Barkley
Bishop
of
Bath
and
Wells
,
Thomas
Bentham
Bishop
of
Coventry
and
Litchfield
,
William
Alley
Bishop
of
Exeter
,
John
Parkhurst
Bishop
of
Norwich
,
Robert
Horn
Bishop
of
Winchester
,
Richard
Cheiney
Bishop
of
Glocester
,
Edmond
Scambler
Bishop
of
Peterborough
,
William
Barlow
Bishop
of
Chichester
,
John
Scory
Bishop
of
Hereford
,
Thomas
Young
Archbishop
of
York
,
James
Pilkinton
Bishop
of
Durham
,
John
Best
Bishop
of
Carlile
,
and
William
Dounham
Bishop
of
Chester
.
Nicholas
Health
Archbishop
of
York
,
lived
privately
many
years
in
his
Mannor
of
Chobham
in
Surrey
,
never
restrained
to
any
one
place
,
and
died
in
great
favour
with
the
Queen
,
who
bestowed
many
gratious
visits
upon
him
,
during
his
retirement
.
Tonstal
of
Durham
spent
the
remainder
of
his
time
with
Archbishop
Parker
,
by
whom
he
was
kindly
entertained
,
and
honourably
buried
.
The
like
civility
was
afforded
to
Thurlby
Bishop
of
Ely
in
the
same
house
,
and
unto
Bourn
of
Wells
,
by
the
Dean
of
Exon
,
in
which
two
houses
they
both
died
about
ten
years
after
.
White
,
though
at
first
imprisoned
for
his
faults
,
after
some
cooling
himself
in
the
Tower
of
London
,
was
suffered
to
enjoy
his
liberty
,
and
to
retire
himself
to
what
friend
he
pleased
:
Which
favour
was
vouchsafed
unto
Turbervil
also
,
who
being
a
Gentleman
by
extraction
,
wanted
not
friends
to
give
him
good
entertainment
.
Watson
of
Lincoln
,
after
a
short
restraint
,
spent
the
remainder
of
his
time
with
the
Bishops
of
Rochester
and
Ely
;
till
having
practised
against
the
State
,
he
was
shut
up
in
the
Castle
of
Wisbich
,
where
at
last
he
died
.
Oglethorp
died
soon
after
his
deprivation
,
of
an
Apoplexy
,
Bayn
of
the
Stone
,
and
Morgan
in
December
following
.
Pool
enjoyed
the
like
freedom
,
and
died
in
a
good
old
age
.
Christopherson
lived
on
his
Estate
.
Bonner
alone
was
doomed
to
a
perpetual
imprisonment
;
the
prison
proving
to
that
wretch
(
saith
Dr.
Heylin
)
his
greatest
Sanctuary
,
whose
horrid
Butcheries
had
otherwise
exposed
him
to
the
popular
fury
.
We
find
no
more
to
have
been
deprived
of
their
preferments
,
than
fourteen
Bishops
,
six
Abbots
,
Priors
,
and
Governors
of
Religious
Orders
,
twelve
Deans
,
and
as
many
Archdeacons
,
fifteen
Presidents
or
Masters
of
Colledges
,
fifty
Prebendaries
of
Cathedral
Churches
,
and
about
eighty
Parsons
or
Vicars
.
The
whole
number
not
amounting
to
two
hundred
men
,
which
in
a
Realm
consisting
of
nine
thousand
Parishes
,
and
twenty
six
Cathedral
Churches
,
could
be
no
great
matter
.
But
there
was
not
a
sufficient
number
of
Learned
men
to
supply
the
Cures
,
which
filled
the
Church
with
an
Ignorant
Clergy
,
Dr.
P.
Heylins
History
of
Queen
Eliz.
whose
Learning
went
no
further
than
the
Liturgy
,
or
the
Book
of
Homilies
,
but
otherwise
conformable
(
which
was
no
small
felicity
)
to
the
Rules
of
the
Church
.
And
on
the
other
side
many
were
raised
to
great
preferments
,
who
having
spent
their
time
of
exile
in
such
Forreign
Churches
as
followed
the
platform
of
Geneva
;
returned
so
disaffected
to
Episcopal
Government
,
unto
the
Rites
here
by
Law
established
,
as
not
long
after
filled
the
Church
with
most
sad
disorders
:
On
which
account
we
find
the
Queens
Professor
in
Oxford
,
among
the
Non-conformists
,
and
Cartwright
the
Lady
Margaret's
in
Cambridge
.
Whittingham
the
Ring-leader
of
the
Franckfort
dividers
,
was
preferred
to
the
Deanery
of
Durham
:
Sampson
to
the
Deanery
of
Christ-church
,
and
within
few
years
after
turned
out
for
a
rigid
Non-conformist
.
Hardiman
,
one
of
the
first
twelve
Prebendaries
of
the
Church
of
Westminster
,
deprived
soon
after
for
throwing
down
the
Altar
,
and
defacing
the
Vestments
of
the
Church
.
Whether
it
were
by
the
Pope's
instigation
,
or
by
by
the
ambition
of
the
Daulphin
who
had
then
Married
the
Queen
of
Scots
,
the
Scottish
Queen
assumeth
unto
her self
the
Style
and
Title
of
Queen
of
England
,
quartereth
the
Armes
thereof
upon
all
her
Plate
,
and
in
all
Armories
and
Eschutcheons
as
she
had
occasion
.
A
folly
that
Queen
Elizabeth
could
never
forget
nor
forgive
;
and
this
engaged
her
the
more
resolutely
in
that
Reformation
so
happily
begun
.
And
to
that
purpose
she
sets
out
by
advice
of
her
Council
a
certain
Body
of
Injunctions
,
accommodated
to
the
temper
of
the
present
time
:
wherein
severe
course
was
taken
about
Ministers
Marriages
,
the
use
of
Singing
,
and
the
Reverence
in
Divine
Worship
to
be
kept
in
Churches
;
the
posture
of
the
Communion-table
,
and
the
Form
of
Prayers
in
the
Congregation
.
By
the
Injunctions
,
she
made
way
to
her
Visitation
,
Executed
by
Commissioners
in
their
several
Circuits
,
and
regulated
by
a
Book
of
Articles
printed
and
published
for
that
purpose
.
Proceeding
by
which
Articles
,
the
Commissioners
removed
all
carved
Images
out
of
the
Church
,
which
had
been
abused
to
Superstition
,
defacing
also
all
such
Pictures
,
Paintings
,
as
served
for
the
setting
forth
feigned
Miracles
.
They
enquired
also
into
the
life
and
doctrine
of
Ministers
,
their
diligence
in
attending
their
several
Cures
;
the
decency
of
their
apparel
,
the
respect
of
the
Parishioners
toward
them
;
Heylin's
Hist.
of
Q.
Elizab.
the
reverent
behaviour
of
all
manner
of
persons
in
God's
Worship
,
&c.
by
means
whereof
the
Church
was
setled
and
confirmed
in
so
good
an
Order
,
that
the
work
was
made
more
easie
to
the
Bishops
,
when
they
came
to
Govern
,
than
otherwise
it
could
have
been
.
In
London
,
the
Visitors
were
Sir
Richard
Sackvil
,
Father
to
Thomas
Earl
of
Dorset
;
Robert
Horn
,
soon
after
Bishop
of
Winchester
;
Doctor
Huick
,
a
Civilian
;
and
one
Salvage
,
a
Common
Lawyer
;
who
calling
before
them
divers
Persons
of
every
Parish
,
gave
them
an
Oath
to
enquire
and
present
upon
such
Articles
and
Injunctions
as
were
given
unto
them
.
In
pursuance
whereof
they
burnt
in
St.
Paul's
Church-yard
,
Cheapside
,
and
other
places
of
the
City
,
all
the
Roods
and
other
Images
which
had
been
taken
out
of
the
Churches
.
And
in
some
places
the
Copes
,
Vestments
,
Altar-cloathes
,
Books
,
Banners
,
Sepulchres
,
and
Rood-lofts
were
burned
altogether
.
A
Peace
being
concluded
betwixt
England
and
France
,
although
Queen
Elizabeth
had
just
cause
to
be
offended
with
the
young
King
Francis
the
Second
,
for
causing
the
Queen
of
Scots
his
Wise
,
to
take
upon
her self
the
Title
and
Armes
of
England
,
yet
she
resolved
to
bestow
a
Royal
obsequy
upon
the
King
deceased
,
which
was
performed
in
St.
Paul's
Church
on
the
eighth
and
nineth
of
September
in
most
solemn
manner
.
Kellison
the
Jesuite
,
and
Parsons
from
him
,
slaunderously
affirmed
,
That
Archbishop
Parker
was
consecrated
at
the
Nags-head
Tavern
in
Cheapside
.
This
slaunder
was
raised
on
this
occasion
:
In
order
to
his
Consecration
,
the
first
thing
to
be
done
after
the
passing
the
Royal
Assent
for
ratifying
the
election
of
the
Dean
and
Chapter
,
was
the
confirming
it
in
the
Court
of
the
Arches
,
according
to
the
usual
form
in
that
behalf
;
Mason's
Consecration
of
Bishops
in
the
Church
of
England
,
lib.
3.
cap.
4.
Which
being
accordingly
done
,
the
Vicar
General
,
the
Dean
of
the
Arches
,
the
Proctors
and
Officers
of
the
Court
,
whose
presence
was
required
at
this
Solemnity
,
were
entertained
at
a
Dinner
provided
for
them
at
the
Nags-head
Tavern
in
Cheapside
,
for
which
though
Archbishop
Parker
paid
the
shot
,
yet
shall
the
Church
be
called
to
an
after-reckoning
.
But
the
Records
of
the
Archbishoprick
declare
,
that
he
was
Consecrated
in
the
Chappel
,
within
his
Mannor
of
Lambeth
.
These
slaunderers
knew
right
well
,
that
nothing
did
more
justifie
the
Church
of
England
in
the
eye
of
the
World
,
than
that
it
did
preserve
a
Succession
of
Bishops
,
and
consequently
of
all
other
sacred
Orders
in
the
Ministration
;
without
which
as
they
would
not
grant
it
to
be
a
Church
,
so
could
they
prove
it
to
be
none
by
no
stronger
Argument
,
than
that
the
Bishops
(
or
the
pretended
Bishops
rather
in
their
Opinion
)
were
either
not
Consecrate
at
all
,
or
not
Canonically
Consecrated
as
they
ought
to
be
.
And
now
we
may
behold
the
face
of
the
Church
of
England
,
as
it
was
first
setled
and
established
under
Queen
Elizabeth
.
The
Government
of
the
Church
by
Archbishops
and
Bishops
.
These
Bishops
nominated
and
elected
according
to
the
Statute
in
the
twenty
sixth
of
King
Henry
the
Eighth
,
and
Consecrated
by
the
Ordinal
,
confirmed
by
Parliament
,
in
the
fifth
and
sixth
year
of
King
Edward
the
Sixth
,
never
appearing
publickly
but
in
their
Rotchets
,
nor
Officiating
otherwise
than
in
Copes
of
the
Altar
:
the
Priests
not
stirring
out
of
doors
in
their
square
Caps
,
Cowns
,
or
Canonical
Coats
,
nor
Executing
any
Divine
Service
but
in
their
Surplice
.
Heylin
.
Hist.
of
Q.
Elizab.
The
Doctrine
of
the
Church
reduced
unto
it's
antient
purity
,
according
to
the
Articles
agreed
upon
in
Convocation
,
Anno
1552.
The
Liturgy
conform
to
the
Primitive
paterns
.
The
Festivals
preserved
in
their
former
dignity
,
observed
with
their
distinct
Offices
peculiar
to
them
;
the
weekly
Fasts
,
the
time
of
Lent
,
the
Embring
weeks
,
and
Rogation
severely
kept
,
not
now
by
vertue
of
the
Statute
,
as
in
the
time
of
King
Edward
,
but
as
appointed
by
the
Church
in
her
publick
Calendar
before
the
Book
of
Common-Prayer
.
The
Sacrament
of
the
Lord's
Supper
celebrated
in
a
Reverend
manner
,
the
Table
seated
in
the
place
of
the
Altar
.
In
the
Court
the
Liturgy
was
officiated
every
day
,
both
Morning
and
Evening
,
not
onely
in
the
publick
Chappel
,
but
the
private
Closet
,
celebrated
in
the
Chappel
with
Organs
,
and
other
Musical
Instruments
,
and
the
most
excellent
voices
both
of
men
and
children
that
could
be
got
in
all
the
Kingdom
.
The
Gentlemen
and
Children
in
their
Surplices
,
and
the
Priests
in
Copes
as
oft
as
they
attended
the
Divine
Service
at
the
Altar
.
The
Altar
furnished
with
rich
Plate
,
two
fair
gilt
Candlesticks
with
Tapers
in
them
,
and
a
Massy
Crucifix
in
midst
thereof
:
Which
last
remained
there
for
some
years
.
The
antient
Ceremonies
customably
observed
by
the
Knights
of
the
Garter
in
their
Adoration
toward
the
Altar
were
by
this
Queen
retained
as
formerly
in
her
Father's
time
.
The
solemn
Sermons
Preached
upon
each
Wednesday
,
Friday
,
and
Lords-day
in
the
time
of
Lent
,
Preached
by
the
choycest
of
the
Clergy
,
she
devoutly
heard
,
attired
in
black
,
according
to
the
custom
of
her
Predecessors
.
The
Bishoprick
of
Carlile
was
first
profered
to
Bernard
Gilpin
,
Fuller
.
Church
History
of
Britain
Rector
of
Houghton
in
the
North
,
but
Mr.
Gilpin
refused
the
offer
,
not
that
he
had
any
disaffection
to
the
Office
,
but
because
he
had
so
much
kinred
about
Carlile
,
at
whom
He
must
either
connive
in
many
things
,
not
without
hurt
to
himself
,
or
else
deny
them
,
not
without
offence
to
them
.
It
was
afterward
given
to
Dr.
John
Best
,
as
was
shewed
before
.
As
for
Miles
Coverdale
,
formerly
Bishop
of
Exeter
,
he
hever
returned
to
his
See
,
but
remained
a
private
Minister
to
the
day
of
his
death
.
Such
of
the
Scots
as
desired
a
Reformation
of
Religion
,
taking
advantage
by
the
Queen's
abscence
,
and
want
of
power
in
the
Queen
Regent
to
suppress
their
practices
,
had
put
themselves
into
a
Body
.
Headed
by
some
of
the
Nobility
,
they
take
unto
themselves
the
name
of
the
Congregation
,
managing
their
own
Affairs
apart
from
the
rest
of
the
Kingdom
.
They
petition
the
Queen
Regent
,
and
the
Lords
of
the
Council
,
that
the
Sacrament
of
the
Lord's
Supper
might
be
administred
in
both
kinds
.
That
divine
Offices
might
be
celebrated
in
the
vulgar
Tongue
,
and
that
they
might
have
the
choice
of
their
own
Ministers
.
The
chief
of
the
party
well
backed
by
the
common
people
,
put
themselves
into
Perth
,
the
news
whereof
occasioneth
Mr.
Knox
to
leave
Geneva
,
and
joyn
himself
to
the
Lords
of
the
Congregation
.
At
Perth
he
Preacheth
against
Images
,
Idolatry
,
and
other
Superstitions
of
the
Church
of
Rome
so
bitterly
,
that
the
people
in
a
popular
fury
deface
all
the
Images
in
that
Church
,
and
presently
demolish
all
Religious
Houses
in
that
City
.
Those
of
Couper
hearing
of
it
,
forthwith
destroyed
all
Images
,
and
pulled
down
the
Altars
in
that
Church
also
.
The
like
was
done
after
his
Preaching
at
Craile
and
St.
Andrews
,
in
those
places
.
They
burnt
down
the
rich
Monastery
of
Scone
,
and
ruined
that
of
Cambuskenneth
,
demolished
all
the
Altars
,
Images
,
and
Covents
of
Religious
persons
in
Sterling
,
Lithgow
,
Glascough
,
Edenburgh
,
which
last
they
possess
,
and
put
up
their
own
Preachers
into
all
the
Pulpits
of
that
City
,
not
suffering
the
Queen
Regent
to
have
the
use
of
one
Church
onely
for
her
own
devotions
.
They
alse
deprive
the
Queen
Regent
of
all
place
and
power
in
the
publick
Government
.
But
she
gathering
Forces
recovereth
Edenborough
,
and
the
chief
key
of
all
that
Kingdom
garisoned
by
the
French
.
In
their
extremity
Maitland
and
Melvin
being
dispatched
to
the
Court
of
England
,
imploring
aid
from
Queen
Elizabeth
.
And
an
Army
is
sent
into
Scotland
of
six
thousand
Foot
and
three
thousand
Horse
,
commanded
by
the
Lord
Gray
.
Some
Ships
were
also
sent
to
block
up
the
haven
,
and
hinder
all
Relief
which
might
come
by
Sea
to
the
Town
of
Leith
.
At
length
after
divers
Articles
signed
and
confirmed
for
both
Kingdoms
,
the
French
take
their
leave
of
Scotland
,
and
the
English
Army
was
disbanded
at
Berwick
.
As
the
Congregation
was
by
the
Queen
put
upon
a
present
confidence
of
going
vigorously
on
in
their
Reformation
,
so
it
concern'd
them
to
proceed
so
carefully
in
pursuance
of
it
,
as
might
comply
with
the
dependance
which
they
had
upon
her
.
First
,
Therefore
they
bound
themselves
by
their
subscription
to
embrace
the
Liturgy
,
with
all
the
Rites
of
the
Church
of
England
,
which
for
a
time
remained
the
onely
form
of
Worship
for
the
Kirk
of
Scotland
.
In
the
next
place
,
They
cause
a
Parliament
to
be
called
in
the
moneth
of
August
:
for
the
Boroughs
there
appeared
the
accustomed
number
,
but
of
the
Lords
Spiritual
no
more
than
six
Bishops
of
thirteen
,
with
thirteen
Abbots
and
Priors
:
and
the
Temporal
Lords
to
the
number
of
ten
Earls
,
and
as
many
Barons
.
Three
Acts
were
passed
to
the
advantage
of
the
Reformation
.
The
first
,
was
for
the
abolishing
the
Pope's
Jurisdiction
and
Authority
within
the
Realm
.
The
second
,
for
annulling
all
Statutes
made
in
former
times
for
maintenance
of
Idolatry
and
Superstition
.
The
third
,
for
the
punishing
the
Sayers
and
Hearers
of
the
Mass
.
To
this
Parliament
also
some
of
the
Ministers
presented
a
Confession
of
the
Faith
and
Doctrine
to
be
believed
and
professed
by
the
Protestants
of
the
Kirk
of
Scotland
:
which
being
put
to
the
Vote
,
was
opposed
but
by
three
of
the
Temporal
Lords
.
The
Popish
Prelates
were
silent
in
it
:
which
being
observed
by
the
Earl
Marshal
,
he
broke
out
into
these
words
,
Seeing
(
saith
He
)
that
my
Lords
the
Bishops
,
who
by
their
Learning
can
,
and
for
the
zeal
they
should
have
to
the
Truth
,
ought
,
as
I
suppose
,
to
gainsay
any
thing
repugnant
to
it
,
say
nothing
against
the
Confession
we
have
heard
,
I
cannot
think
but
that
it
is
the
very
Truth
of
God
,
and
that
the
contrary
of
it
is
false
Doctrine
.
The
Queen
was
now
as
active
in
advancing
the
Reformed
Religion
in
Ireland
,
as
she
had
been
in
either
of
the
other
Kingdoms
.
A
Parliament
is
therefore
held
on
January
12.
where
past
an
Act
restoring
to
the
Crown
the
ancient
Jurisdiction
over
all
Ecclesiastical
and
Spiritual
Persons
.
By
which
Statute
were
established
both
the
Oath
of
Supremacy
,
and
the
High
Commission
,
as
before
in
England
.
There
past
also
an
Act
for
the
Uniformity
of
Common-Prayer
,
Heylin's
Hist.
of
Q.
Elizab.
&c.
with
a
permission
for
saying
the
same
in
Latin
,
in
those
Churches
where
the
Minister
had
not
the
knowledge
of
the
English
Tongue
.
The
people
by
that
Statute
are
required
,
under
several
penalties
,
to
frequent
their
Churches
,
and
to
be
frequent
at
the
reading
the
English
Liturgy
,
which
they
understand
as
little
as
the
Mass
;
by
which
means
the
Irish
were
kept
in
ignorance
,
as
to
the
Doctrines
and
Devotions
of
the
Church
of
England
.
There
also
past
another
Statute
for
restoring
to
the
Crown
the
first-fruits
,
and
twenty
parts
of
all
Ecclesiastical
promotions
within
that
Realm
,
as
also
of
all
Impropriate
Parsonages
.
The
like
Act
passed
for
restoring
all
such
Lands
belonging
to
the
Knights
of
St.
John
of
Jerusalem
.
An
Act
was
also
past
for
the
recognition
of
the
Queen
's
just
Title
to
the
Crown
,
as
before
in
England
.
The
Queen
left
the
prosecution
of
the
work
to
her
Bishops
and
Clergy
:
But
they
so
dissipated
the
Revenues
of
their
several
Bishopricks
,
by
long
Leases
,
Fee-farmes
,
and
plain
Alienations
,
that
to
some
of
their
Sees
they
left
no
more
than
a
Rent
of
five
Marks
per
annum
,
to
others
a
bare
yearly
Rent
of
forty
shillings
,
to
the
great
dishonour
of
God
,
disservice
of
the
Church
,
and
the
perpetual
Ignominy
of
themselves
.
Now
Return
we
again
to
England
,
where
we
find
Reverend
Jewel
,
newly
consecrated
Bishop
of
Salisbury
,
to
have
Preached
a
Sermon
at
Paul's
Cross
,
on
1
Cor.
11.23
.
That
which
I
delivered
to
you
,
I
received
of
the
Lord
,
&c.
on
March
30.
1560.
There
he
published
that
memorable
Challenge
,
which
so
much
exercised
the
Pens
and
Studies
of
the
Romish
Clergy
.
Bishop
Jewel's
Chalenge
.
If
any
Learned
man
of
our
Adversaries
,
or
all
the
Learned
men
that
be
alive
,
be
able
to
bring
any
one
sufficient
sentence
,
out
of
any
old
Catholick
Doctor
,
or
Father
,
or
General
Council
,
or
Holy
Scripture
,
or
any
one
Example
in
the
Primitive
Church
,
whereby
it
may
be
clearly
and
plainly
proved
,
during
the
first
six
hundred
years
.
-
I.
That
there
was
at
that
time
any
private
Mass
in
the
World
.
-
II.
Or
that
there
was
then
any
Communion
ministred
unto
the
people
in
one
kind
.
-
III.
Or
that
the
People
had
their
Common-Prayer
in
a
strange
Tongue
.
-
IV.
Or
that
the
Bishop
of
Rome
was
then
called
the
Head
of
the
Vniversal
Church
.
-
V.
Or
that
the
People
were
then
taught
to
believe
,
that
Christ's
Body
is
really
,
Substantially
,
Carnally
,
Corporally
or
Naturally
in
the
Sacrament
.
-
VI.
Or
that
his
Body
is
or
may
be
in
a
thousand
places
or
more
at
one
time
.
-
VII
.
Or
that
the
Priest
did
then
hold
up
the
Sacrament
over
his
head
.
-
VIII
.
Or
that
the
People
did
then
fall
down
and
Worship
it
with
godly
honour
.
-
IX
.
Or
that
the
Sacrament
was
then
,
and
now
ought
to
be
hanged
up
under
a
Canopy
.
-
X.
Or
that
in
the
Sacrament
,
after
the
words
of
Consecration
,
there
remained
onely
the
accidents
and
shews
,
without
the
substance
of
Bread
and
Wine
.
-
XI
.
Or
that
then
the
Priests
divided
the
Sacrament
into
three
parts
,
and
afterwards
received
Himself
all
alone
.
-
XII
.
Or
that
whosoever
had
said
the
Sacrament
is
a
Figure
,
a
Pledge
,
a
Token
,
or
a
Remembrance
of
Christ's
Body
,
had
therefore
been
judged
for
an
Heretick
.
-
XIII
.
Or
that
it
was
lawful
then
to
have
thirty
,
twenty
,
&c.
Masses
said
in
one
day
.
-
XIV
.
Or
that
Images
were
then
set
up
in
the
Churches
to
the
intent
the
people
should
worship
them
.
-
XV.
Or
that
the
Lay-people
were
then
forbid
to
read
the
Word
of
God
in
their
own
Tongue
.
-
XVI
.
Or
that
it
was
then
lawful
for
the
Priest
to
pronounce
the
words
of
Consecration
closely
,
or
in
private
to
Himself
.
-
XVII
.
Or
that
the
Priest
had
then
authority
to
offer
up
Christ
unto
his
Father
.
-
XVIII
.
Or
to
receive
the
Sacrament
for
another
as
they
do
.
-
XIX
.
Or
to
apply
the
vertue
of
Christ's
death
to
any
man
by
the
means
of
the
Mass
.
-
XX.
Or
that
it
was
then
thought
a
sound
Doctrine
to
teach
the
People
,
that
Mass
,
Ex
opere
operato
,
is
able
to
remove
any
part
of
our
sin
.
-
XXI
.
Or
that
any
Christian
man
called
the
Sacrament
of
the
Lord
,
his
God
.
-
XXII
.
Or
that
the
People
were
then
taught
to
believe
,
that
the
Body
of
Christ
remaineth
in
the
Sacrament
as
long
as
the
Accidents
of
Bread
and
Wine
remain
there
without
corruption
.
-
XXIII
.
Or
that
a
Mouse
,
or
any
other
Worm
or
Beast
,
may
eat
the
Body
of
Christ
.
-
XXIV
.
Or
that
when
Christ
said
,
Hoc
est
corpus
meum
,
the
word
[
Hoc
]
pointed
not
the
Bread
,
but
Individuum
Vagum
,
as
some
of
them
say
.
-
XXV
.
Or
that
the
Accidents
,
Formes
,
or
Shews
of
Bread
and
Wine
,
be
the
Sacrament
of
Christ's
Body
and
Blood
,
and
not
rather
the
very
Bread
and
Wine
it self
.
-
XXVI
.
Or
that
the
Sacrament
is
a
Token
,
or
sign
of
the
Body
of
Christ
that
lieth
underneath
it
.
-
XXVII
.
Or
that
Ignorance
is
the
Mother
and
Cause
of
true
devotion
.
The
Conclusion
is
,
That
then
I
shall
be
content
to
yield
and
subscribe
.
This
Chalenge
being
published
in
so
great
an
Auditory
startled
the
English
Papists
both
at
home
and
abroad
.
The
business
was
first
agitated
by
the-
exchange
of
friendly
Letters
betwixt
Bishop
Jewel
,
and
Dr.
Henry
Cole
,
the
late
Dean
of
St.
Pauls
;
more
violently
followed
in
a
Book
of
Rastals
;
followed
therein
by
Dorman
and
Marshal
:
Dorman
was
well
answered
and
foiled
by
Nowel
,
and
the
other
by
Calfhil
.
But
the
main
encounter
was
between
the
Chalenger
himself
and
Dr.
John
Harding
,
who
had
the
better
of
the
day
will
easily
appear
to
any
that
consults
their
Writings
:
But
these
Discourses
came
not
out
till
some
years
after
.
Pope
Paul
the
Fourth
dying
,
Pope
Pius
the
Fourth
succeedeth
him
,
who
being
moved
to
Excommunicate
Queen
Elizabeth
,
by
the
Count
of
Feria
,
takes
a
more
moderate
course
,
by
sending
Vincent
Parpalia
,
Abbot
of
St.
Saviour's
,
with
courteous
Letters
unto
her
.
Parpalia
was
instructed
to
offer
in
the
Name
of
the
Pope
,
That
the
English
Liturgy
should
be
confirmed
,
the
use
of
the
Communion
in
both
kinds
allowed
of
:
And
that
all
sentences
passed
,
in
the
Court
of
Rome
,
against
her
Mother
should
be
rescinded
,
upon
condition
she
would
own
the
Pope's
Primacy
,
and
cordially
unite
her self
to
the
Catholick
Church
:
yea
some
thousands
of
Crowns
(
but
all
in
vain
)
were
promised
to
the
effecters
thereof
.
But
for
all
this
the
Abbot
came
no
nearer
than
Bruxels
with
his
Bulls
and
Faculties
,
not
being
suffered
to
set
Foot
on
English
ground
.
Now
another
Enemy
quarrels
at
the
Rites
and
Extrinsecals
of
the
Church
:
Those
that
for
Religion
fled
to
Frankford
in
Queen
Marie's
days
,
after
her
death
hastened
into
England
:
followed
not
long
after
by
the
Brethren
of
the
Separation
,
which
retired
from
thence
unto
Geneva
.
Some
Friends
they
had
about
the
Queen
,
and
Calvin
make
's
use
of
all
his
power
and
credit
,
both
with
the
Queen
and
Cecil
(
as
appears
by
his
Letters
unto
both
)
to
advance
their
ends
.
And
he
was
seconded
therein
by
Peter
Martyr
.
But
the
Queen
resolved
to
keep
up
the
Church
in
such
outward
splendor
,
as
might
make
it
every
way
considerable
in
the
eye
of
the
World
:
when
therefore
they
saw
the
Liturgy
imposed
by
Act
of
Parliament
,
and
so
many
Episcopal
Sees
supplied
with
able
Pastors
,
they
began
to
revive
the
quarrels
raised
in
King
Edward's
time
,
about
Caps
,
and
Surplices
,
&c.
saith
Dr.
Heylin
.
And
herein
they
were
seconded
(
as
before
in
King
Edward's
time
)
by
the
same
Peter
Martyr
,
as
appears
by
his
Letters
to
a
nameless
friend
,
bearing
date
at
Zurich
,
November
5.
1560.
to
which
he
added
his
dislike
in
another
of
his
Letters
,
touching
the
Cap
,
the
Episcopal
Habit
,
the
Churche's
Patrimony
:
the
manner
of
proceeding
to
be
held
against
Papists
;
the
Perambulation
used
in
the
Rogation
week
,
&c.
in
which
his
judgement
was
desired
.
But
these
helps
being
too
far
off
,
another
project
was
set
on
foot
.
Gryndal
,
the
new
Bishop
of
London
,
was
known
to
have
a
great
respect
to
Calvin
;
the
business
therefore
is
so
ordered
,
that
by
Calvin's
Letters
to
Gryndal
,
and
the
friends
they
had
about
the
Queen
,
way
should
be
given
to
such
of
the
French
Nation
,
as
had
repaired
hither
,
to
enjoy
the
freedom
of
their
own
Religion
,
to
have
a
Church
unto
themselves
,
and
in
that
Church
not
onely
to
erect
the
Genevian
Discipline
,
but
to
set
up
a
Form
of
Prayer
(
saith
Dr.
Heylin
)
which
should
hold
no
conformity
with
the
English
Liturgy
.
This
was
effected
.
And
now
there
is
another
Church
in
London
,
as
different
from
the
Church
of
England
in
Government
and
Forms
of
worship
,
as
that
of
John
Alasco
was
in
the
Augustine
Friars
.
Upon
the
news
of
which
success
,
divers
both
French
and
Dutch
came
into
England
,
planted
themselves
in
the
Sea-Towns
,
and
openly
professed
the
Reformed
Religion
.
But
some
of
them
proved
to
be
Anabaptists
,
and
others
infected
with
corrupt
Opinions
of
as
ill
a
nature
;
which
being
made
known
to
the
Queen
,
she
commands
them
all
by
Proclamation
to
depart
the
Kingdom
,
whether
they
were
Aliens
,
or
natural-born
English
,
within
twenty
days
upon
pain
of
imprisonment
,
and
loss
of
all
their
goods
;
yet
notwithstanding
many
of
them
lurked
in
England
without
fear
of
discovery
,
especially
after
the
erecting
of
so
many
French
and
Dutch
Churches
in
the
Maritime
parts
.
The
French
and
Dutch
Churches
in
London
were
infected
with
their
frenzies
;
and
such
disputes
were
among
them
on
that
account
,
that
Peter
Martyr
interposed
his
Authority
with
them
,
to
the
composing
of
those
differences
which
had
grown
among
them
:
for
which
see
his
Letter
bearing
date
at
Zurich
,
on
February
15.
next
following
after
the
date
of
the
said
Proclamation
(
which
seemeth
to
have
been
about
September
16.
)
and
superscribed
,
Vnto
the
Church
of
Strangers
in
the
City
of
London
.
By
another
Proclamation
she
labours
to
restrain
a
sacrilegious
kind
of
people
,
which
under
pretence
of
abolishing
Superstition
,
demolished
antient
Tomb●s
,
razed
the
Epitaphs
,
and
Coat-armors
of
most
Noble
Familes
,
and
other
Monuments
of
venerable
Antiquity
,
took
the
Bells
out
of
Churches
,
and
pluckt
off
the
Lead
from
the
Church-roofs
.
The
Abbey
of
Westminster
,
most
renouned
for
the
Inauguration
of
the
Kings
of
England
,
their
Sepulture
,
and
the
keeping
of
the
Regal
Ensignes
,
she
converted
to
a
Collegiat
Church
:
and
there
she
instituted
a
Dean
,
twelve
Prebendaries
,
a
School-master
,
an
Usher
,
forty
Scholars
(
called
the
Queen's
Scholars
,
whereof
six
or
more
are
preferred
every
year
to
the
Vniversities
)
Petit
Canons
and
others
of
the
Quire
to
the
number
of
thirty
,
ten
Officers
belonging
to
the
Church
,
and
as
many
Servants
belonging
to
the
Colledge-diet
,
and
twelve
Almes-men
,
besides
many
Officers
,
Stewards
,
and
Collectors
for
keeping
Courts
,
and
bringing
in
of
their
Revenue
.
The
principal
of
which
(
called
the
High
Steward
of
Westminster
)
hath
ever
since
been
one
of
the
prime
Nobility
.
The
Dean
intrusted
with
keeping
the
Regalia
,
honoured
with
a
place
of
necessary
service
at
all
Coronations
,
and
a
Commissioner
for
the
peace
within
the
City
of
Westminster
,
and
the
liberties
of
it
by
Act
of
Parliament
.
The
S
holars
annually
preferred
by
election
either
to
Christ-church
in
Oxford
,
or
Trinity
Colledge
in
Cambridge
.
Since
this
new
Foundation
of
it
,
it
hath
given
breeding
and
preferment
to
four
Archbishops
,
two
Lord
Keepers
of
the
Great
Seal
of
England
,
twenty
two
Bishops
,
and
thirteen
Deans
of
Cathedral-churches
,
besides
Archdeacons
,
Prebendaries
,
and
other
Dignitaries
in
the
Church
to
a
proportionable
number
.
The
death
of
Francis
the
second
,
the
young
King
of
France
,
who
had
married
Mary
Queen
of
Scots
,
encouraged
the
Scots
to
proceed
boldly
with
their
Reformation
.
The
Duke
of
Guise
laboured
with
the
Pope
to
fulminate
his
Excommunications
against
Queen
Elizabeth
,
as
one
that
had
renounced
his
authority
,
apostatized
from
the
Catholick
Religion
,
and
utterly
exterminated
the
profession
of
it
out
of
her
Dominions
.
But
the
Duke
sped
no
better
in
his
negotiation
than
the
Count
of
Feria
did
before
.
About
this
time
one
Geoffrys
was
committed
Prisoner
to
the
Marshalsey
in
Southwark
,
and
More
to
the
house
of
Mad-men
(
commonly
called
Bethlem
)
without
Bishop's-g●●
in
London
.
More
professed
himself
to
be
Christ
:
Geoffrys
believed
him
to
be
such
,
and
reported
him
so
.
Having
remained
a
whole
year
in
prison
,
without
shewing
any
sign
of
their
repentance
,
Geoffrys
was
whipt
,
on
April
10.
1561.
from
the
said
Marshalsey
to
Bethlem
,
with
a
paper
bound
about
his
head
,
which
signified
,
That
this
was
William
Geoffrys
,
a
most
blasphemous
Heretick
,
who
denied
Christ
to
be
in
Heaven
At
Bethlem
he
was
whipt
again
in
the
presence
of
More
,
till
the
lash
had
extorted
from
him
a
confession
of
his
damnable
error
.
After
which
More
was
stript
and
whipt
in
the
open
Streets
,
till
he
had
made
the
like
acknowledgment
,
confessing
Christ
to
be
in
Heaven
,
and
Himself
to
be
a
vile
,
sinful
man
.
Which
being
done
,
they
were
again
remitted
to
their
several
prisons
for
their
further
cure
.
On
June
the
fourth
,
a
lamentable
fire
about
four
a
Clock
in
the
afternoon
,
first
shewed
it self
near
the
top
of
the
Steeple
of
St.
Paul's
Church
in
London
,
and
from
thence
burnt
down
the
Spire
,
to
the
Stone-work
and
Bells
,
and
raged
so
terribly
,
that
within
the
space
of
four
hours
the
Timber
and
Lead
of
the
whole
Church
,
and
whatsoever
else
was
combustible
in
it
,
was
miserably
consumed
,
to
the
great
terror
of
all
Beholders
:
Which
Church
said
to
be
the
largest
in
all
the
Christian
World
for
all
dimensions
,
contains
in
length
seven
hundred
and
twenty
foot
,
in
breadth
one
hundred
and
thirty
foot
,
and
in
height
from
the
pavement
to
the
top
of
the
roof
one
hundred
and
fifty
foot
.
The
Steeple
from
the
ground
to
the
Cross
or
Weather-cock
,
contained
in
height
five
hundred
and
twenty
foot
,
of
which
the
square
Tower
onely
amounted
to
two
hundred
and
sixty
,
the
Pyramide
or
Spire
to
as
many
more
;
which
Spire
being
raised
of
massy
Timber
,
and
covered
over
with
sheets
of
Lead
,
as
it
was
the
more
apt
to
be
enflamed
,
so
was
the
mischief
more
incapable
of
a
present
remedy
.
The
Queen
hereupon
directed
her
Letters
to
the
Lord
Mayor
and
City
of
London
to
take
care
therein
.
In
obedience
to
whose
Royal
Pleasure
the
Citizens
granted
a
Benevolence
,
and
three
Fifteens
to
be
speedily
paid
,
besides
the
great
bounty
of
particular
persons
,
&c.
The
Queen
also
sent
in
a
thousand
Marks
in
ready
money
,
and
Warrants
for
one
thousand
load
of
Timber
to
be
served
out
of
Her
Majesties
Woods
.
The
Clergy
of
the
Province
of
Canterbury
contributing
to
this
work
the
fortieth
part
of
their
Benefices
which
stood
charged
with
first-fruits
,
and
the
thirtieth
part
of
those
which
had
paid
the
same
.
The
Clergy
of
the
Diocess
of
London
bestowed
the
thirtieth
part
of
such
of
their
livings
as
were
under
the
burden
of
that
payment
,
and
the
twentieth
part
of
those
which
were
not
.
To
which
the
Bishop
added
at
several
times
the
sum
of
nine
hundred
pound
one
shilling
eleven
pence
,
the
Dean
and
Chapter
one
hundred
thirty
six
pound
thirteen
shillings
four
pence
.
By
all
which
,
and
some
other
little
helps
,
the
work
was
carried
on
so
fast
,
that
before
the
end
of
April
1566.
the
Timber-work
of
the
Roof
was
not
onely
fitted
,
but
compleatly
covered
.
And
now
the
Pope's
Nuncio
being
advanced
already
in
his
way
to
England
as
far
as
Flanders
,
expecteth
the
Queen's
pleasure
touching
his
admittance
:
for
the
Pope
could
not
be
taken
off
from
sending
his
Nuncio
to
the
Queen
,
with
whom
he
conceived
himself
to
stand
upon
termes
of
Amity
.
But
the
Queen
persevered
in
her
first
intent
,
affirming
she
could
not
treat
with
the
Bishop
of
Rome
,
whose
authority
was
excluded
out
of
England
by
consent
of
Parliament
.
The
greatest
obstacle
to
the
Nuncio's
coming
was
partly
laid
by
the
indiscretion
of
some
Papists
in
England
,
and
partly
by
the
precipitancy
of
the
Pope's
Ministers
in
Ireland
;
for
sundry
ill-disposed
persons
upon
the
noise
of
the
Nuncio's
coming
,
not
onely
brake
the
Laws
made
against
the
Pope
and
his
Authority
,
but
spread
abroad
slaunderous
reports
,
that
the
Queen
was
at
the
point
to
change
her
Religion
,
and
alter
the
government
of
the
Realm
.
Some
also
had
practised
with
the
Devil
by
Conjurations
,
Charms
,
and
casting
of
Figures
,
to
be
informed
in
the
length
of
her
Majesties
Reign
.
And
on
the
other
side
the
Pope's
Legate
being
at
the
same
time
in
Ireland
,
joyned
himself
to
some
desperate
Traitors
,
who
stirred
up
rebellion
there
,
and
as
much
as
in
him
was
had
deprived
the
Queen
of
all
Right
and
Title
to
that
Kingdom
.
Upon
which
grounds
it
was
carried
clearly
at
the
Council-boord
against
the
Nuncio
,
notwithstanding
the
Intercession
of
the
French
,
the
Spaniard
,
or
the
Duke
of
Alva
.
Yet
notwithstanding
the
Emperor
Ferdinand
sends
to
perswade
the
Queen
to
return
to
the
old
Religion
,
at
least
that
she
would
set
apart
some
Churches
to
the
use
of
the
Catholicks
.
To
whom
she
answered
,
That
she
had
setled
her
Religion
on
so
sure
a
Bottom
,
that
she
could
not
easily
be
changed
,
And
for
granting
Churches
to
the
Papists
,
it
did
not
consist
with
the
Polity
and
good
Laws
of
the
Land
.
Then
divers
abuses
arising
in
the
Church
,
Archbishop
Parker
found
it
necessary
to
have
recourse
unto
the
power
which
was
given
to
him
by
the
Queen's
Commission
,
and
by
a
clause
of
the
Act
of
Parliament
,
For
the
Vniformity
of
Common-Prayer
and
service
in
the
Church
,
&c.
As
one
of
the
Commissioners
for
causes
Ecclesiastical
,
he
was
authorized
with
the
rest
of
his
Associates
,
To
reform
,
redress
,
order
,
correct
and
amend
all
such
Errors
,
Heresies
,
Schismes
,
Abuses
,
Offences
,
Contempts
,
and
Enormities
whatsoever
,
as
might
from
time
to
time
arise
in
the
Church
of
England
.
And
in
the
passage
of
the
Act
forementioned
it
was
provided
,
That
all
such
Ornaments
of
the
Church
and
the
Ministers
thereof
should
be
retained
,
as
were
in
the
Church
of
England
,
by
Authority
of
Parliament
,
in
the
second
year
of
King
Edward
the
Sixth
,
untill
further
order
should
be
taken
therein
from
the
Queen's
Majesty
,
&c.
And
also
if
there
shall
happen
any
contempt
or
irreverence
to
be
used
in
the
Rites
of
the
Church
,
by
the
misusing
of
the
Orders
of
the
said
Book
of
Common-Prayer
,
the
Queen
might
by
the
advise
of
the
Commissioners
or
Metropolitan
,
ordain
or
publish
such
further
Ceremonies
or
Rites
,
as
should
be
most
for
the
advance
of
God's
glory
,
the
edifying
the
Church
,
&c.
Hereupon
the
Archbishop
,
by
the
Queen's
consent
,
and
the
advice
of
some
of
the
Bishops
,
sets
forth
a
certain
Book
of
Orders
to
be
diligently
observed
,
and
executed
by
all
persons
whom
it
might
concern
.
Heylin
.
Hist.
of
Q.
Elizab.
An.
Reg.
3.
In
which
it
was
provided
,
That
no
Parson
,
Vicar
,
or
Curate
of
any
exempt
Church
,
should
from
thenceforth
attempt
to
conjoyn
,
by
solemnization
of
Matrimony
,
any
not
being
of
his
or
their
Parish-church
,
without
good
Testimony
of
the
Bains
being
ask'd
in
the
several
Churches
where
they
dwell
,
or
otherwise
were
sufficiently
Licensed
.
That
no
other
days
should
be
observed
as
Holy-days
and
Fasting-days
,
but
onely
such
as
be
expressed
in
the
Calendar
,
lately
set
forth
by
the
Queen's
Authority
.
That
neither
the
Curates
or
Parents
of
Children
which
are
brought
to
Baptism
,
should
answer
for
them
at
the
Font
,
but
that
the
antient
use
of
Godfathers
and
Godmothers
should
still
be
retained
;
and
that
in
all
such
Churches
in
which
the
steps
to
the
Altar
were
not
taken
down
,
the
said
steps
should
remain
as
before
they
did
.
That
the
Communion-Table
should
be
set
in
the
said
place
where
the
steps
then
were
,
or
had
formerly
stood
:
and
that
the
Table
of
the
Decalogue
should
be
fixed
upon
the
wall
over
the
said
Communion-Table
.
This
year
the
Merchants
Tailors
School
in
London
was
founded
,
first
by
the
Master
,
Wardens
,
and
Assistants
,
of
the
Company
of
Merchants
Tailors
,
whence
it
had
the
name
,
and
by
them
founded
for
a
Seminary
to
St.
John's
in
Oxford
,
built
and
endowed
at
the
sole
costs
of
one
of
their
Livery
.
But
of
a
far
more
private
nature
was
the
Foundation
of
another
Grammar
School
in
the
Town
of
Sandwich
,
built
at
the
charge
of
Sir
Roger
Manwood
,
and
endowed
with
forty
pound
per
annum
.
The
Council
of
Trent
being
now
opened
,
it
was
said
in
that
Council
,
that
i●
was
good
to
let
the
Protestants
alone
,
and
not
name
them
,
alledging
the
danger
of
moving
ill
humors
in
a
Body
which
was
then
quiet
.
To
give
a
safe
conduct
to
the
English-men
,
which
neither
They
nor
any
of
them
did
require
,
were
a
great
indignity
.
They
were
content
it
should
be
given
to
the
Scots
,
because
their
Queen
would
demand
it
,
but
so
as
that
the
demand
should
first
be
made
.
But
the
English
Protestant
Bishops
would
not
venture
themselves
into
that
Council
on
such
weak
assurance
,
considering
how
ill
the
safe
conduct
had
been
formerly
kept
to
John
Hus
,
and
Jerom
of
Prague
,
at
the
Council
of
Constance
.
And
the
Queen
kept
the
Papal
party
safe
from
gadding
thither
.
Then
Scipio
,
a
Venetian
Gentleman
(
formerly
acquainted
with
Master
Jewel
,
whil'st
he
was
a
Student
at
Padua
)
wrote
now
an
expostulating
Letter
unto
him
,
being
lately
made
Bishop
of
Sarisbury
,
in
which
he
much
admireth
,
that
England
should
send
no
Ambassador
,
nor
Letter
,
nor
Message
,
to
excuse
their
Nation
's
absence
from
the
General
Appearance
of
Christianity
in
that
Council
,
&c.
Bishop
Jewel
returned
him
such
an
Answer
,
that
neither
Scipio
himself
,
nor
any
other
of
that
party
durst
reply
upon
him
.
The
Answer
is
to
be
found
at
large
at
the
end
of
the
History
of
this
Council
,
Translated
by
Sir
Nathanael
Brent
.
At
this
time
it
was
advised
,
by
Lewis
Prince
of
Conde
,
the
Cardinal
Chastilion
,
and
other
principal
leaders
of
the
Protestant
party
in
France
,
that
they
should
put
themselves
under
the
protection
of
the
Queen
of
England
,
who
had
not
long
before
so
seasonably
relieved
the
Scots
in
the
like
distress
.
The
Queen
had
been
secretly
advertised
of
all
passages
there
by
Sir
Nicholas
Throgmorton
,
her
Majestie
's
Resident
in
that
Kingdom
.
It
being
agreed
on
between
them
,
that
the
Queen
should
supply
the
Prince
of
Conde
,
and
his
Associates
with
a
sufficient
quantity
of
Money
,
Corn
,
and
Ammunition
,
for
the
service
of
the
French
King
,
against
the
practices
of
the
House
of
Guise
,
and
that
the
Town
of
New-haven
should
be
put
into
her
Majestie
's
hands
,
to
be
garrisoned
by
English
Souldiers
.
Immediately
a
manifest
was
published
in
the
name
of
the
Queen
,
wherein
was
declared
,
that
she
had
observed
,
how
the
Guisian
Faction
,
in
the
names
of
the
Queen-Mother
of
France
,
and
the
young
King
,
had
endeavoured
to
root
out
the
Professors
of
the
Reformed
Religion
,
and
what
massacres
had
been
made
at
Vassey
,
Paris
,
Sene
,
Tholouse
,
Bloys
,
Touers
,
Angier
,
and
other
places
;
that
there
were
thought
to
be
Butchered
no
less
than
an
hundred
thousand
of
the
natural
Franch
,
between
the
first
of
March
and
the
twentieth
of
August
then
last
past
:
that
with
the
like
violence
they
had
caused
to
be
spoiled
and
imprisoned
such
of
her
Majestie
's
Subjects
as
Traded
in
the
Ports
of
Bretaign
,
and
such
as
sought
to
preserve
themselves
,
to
be
killed
,
their
goods
and
Merchandize
to
be
seized
,
without
charging
any
other
crime
upon
them
but
that
they
were
Hugonots
;
and
that
in
consideration
of
the
premises
she
could
do
no
less
than
endeavour
the
preserving
the
Reformed
Religion
,
from
an
universal
destruction
,
and
the
maintaining
her
own
Subjects
and
Dominions
in
peace
and
safety
.
The
ayd
amounting
to
six
thousand
men
,
was
divided
into
two
equal
parts
,
of
which
the
one
was
destined
to
the
defence
of
Roven
and
Deep
,
then
being
in
the
hands
of
the
Confederates
,
the
other
to
take
possession
of
the
Town
of
New-haven
,
which
by
the
Inhabitants
was
joyfully
surrend●ed
to
the
English
.
The
Lord
Ambrose
Dudley
,
the
eldest
Son
then
living
of
the
late
Duke
of
Northumberland
,
she
sent
to
command
that
place
,
whom
on
Decemb.
26.
She
had
created
Lord
Lisle
,
and
Earl
of
Warwick
,
where
he
was
solemnly
received
with
a
peal
of
Ordnance
.
A
petit
Rebellion
hapned
in
Merton-colledge
in
Oxford
.
The
Wardenship
of
that
house
being
voyd
by
the
death
of
Gervase
,
one
Man
is
chosen
to
the
place
;
one
Hall
and
his
Popish
faction
opposed
his
admission
,
and
raised
such
a
persecution
,
that
it
was
poenal
for
any
to
be
a
Protestant
.
Archbishop
Parker
hearing
of
it
,
summoneth
Hall
to
appear
before
him
,
but
the
seal
of
the
citation
was
torn
off
by
some
of
that
party
.
Hereupon
the
Archbishop
made
a
solemn
visitation
of
that
Colledge
,
wherein
all
were
generally
examined
,
Man
confirmed
Warden
,
Hall
justly
expelled
,
his
party
publickly
admonished
;
the
young
Scholars
relieved
,
Papists
curbed
and
suppressed
,
Protestants
countenanced
,
and
encouraged
in
the
whole
University
.
Now
many
strange
whispers
were
abroad
,
and
no
small
hopes
conceived
by
those
of
the
Popish
faction
,
for
suppressing
the
Protestants
in
all
parts
of
the
Kingdom
,
and
setting
up
their
own
Religion
as
in
former
times
:
of
the
plot
were
Arthur
Pool
,
younger
brother
to
Reginald
Pool
the
late
Cardinal
Legate
,
and
Geoffry
Fortescue
,
who
had
married
his
sister
,
and
others
.
The
substance
of
their
charge
was
,
a
design
of
levying
War
against
the
Queen
,
&c.
with
a
particular
intention
of
advancing
the
Queen
of
Scots
to
the
Crown
of
England
,
and
Pool
himself
unto
the
Title
of
Duke
of
Clarence
.
All
which
they
Confessed
upon
the
Indictment
,
and
did
all
receive
the
sentence
of
death
;
but
were
all
afterwards
pardoned
by
the
Queen
,
out
of
that
great
respect
which
she
bare
to
their
Royal
Extraction
.
Then
was
that
elegant
discourse
published
by
Bishop
Jewel
,
Entitled
,
The
Apology
of
the
Church
of
England
,
first
writ
in
Latine
,
translated
presently
into
English
,
French
,
Italian
,
Dutch
,
and
at
last
in
Greek
,
to
the
publishing
whereof
he
was
much
encouraged
by
Peter
Martyr
,
with
whom
he
had
spent
the
greatest
part
of
his
time
when
he
lived
in
exile
.
But
Martyr
lived
onely
to
see
the
Book
which
he
so
much
longed
for
,
dying
at
Zurich
on
the
twelfth
of
November
following
,
and
laid
into
his
grave
by
the
Magistrates
and
people
of
that
City
with
a
solemn
funeral
.
The
five
Bishopricks
erected
by
King
Henry
the
eighth
,
were
so
impoverished
in
this
Queen's
Reign
that
the
new
Bishops
were
necessitated
to
require
the
benevolence
of
their
Clergy
at
their
first
coming
to
them
,
to
furnish
their
Episcopal
houses
,
and
to
enable
them
to
maintain
some
tolerable
degree
of
Hospitality
in
their
several
Diocesses
.
The
Parliament
called
January
12.
1562.
passed
an
Act
for
Assurance
of
the
Queen
's
Royal
power
over
all
Estates
and
Subjects
in
her
Dominions
.
In
which
it
was
provided
,
That
no
man
Residing
in
the
Queen's
Dominions
,
should
from
thence-forth
either
by-word
or
writing
,
&c.
endeavour
willingly
to
maintain
the
power
and
jurisdiction
of
the
Bishop
of
Rome
heretofore
usurped
within
this
Realm
.
It
was
also
enacted
,
that
none
should
be
admitted
unto
Holy
Orders
,
or
to
any
Degree
in
either
of
the
Universities
,
or
to
be
Barrester
,
or
Bencher
in
any
of
the
Inns
of
Court
,
or
to
Practise
as
an
Attourney
,
&c
,
till
He
or
They
should
first
take
the
Oath
of
Supremacy
on
the
Holy
Evangelists
;
with
a
power
given
to
every
Archbishop
and
Bishop
within
this
Realm
and
the
Dominions
of
the
same
,
to
Minister
the
said
Oath
to
all
and
every
Spiritual
Person
in
their
proper
Diocesses
,
as
well
in
places
exempt
as
els-where
;
It
had
been
declared
by
the
Bishops
and
Clergy
assembled
at
the
same
time
in
their
Convocation
,
To
be
a
thing
plainly
repugnant
to
the
word
of
God
,
and
the
Custom
of
the
Primitive
Church
,
to
have
publick
Prayer
in
the
Church
,
or
to
administer
the
Sacraments
in
a
Tongue
not
understood
by
the
People
:
therefore
it
was
Enacted
,
That
the
Bishops
of
Hereford
,
S.
David's
,
Bangor
,
Landaff
and
S.
Asaph
,
should
take
care
for
Translating
the
whole
Bible
with
the
Common-prayer
book
,
into
the
Welch
Tongue
:
The
like
care
was
also
taken
for
Translating
the
Books
of
Homilies
.
Then
were
the
Nine
and
thirty
Articles
(
composed
in
the
Convocation
at
London
)
published
soon
after
both
in
English
and
Latine
with
this
following
Title
,
The
39.
Articles
compiled
in
Convocation
.
viz.
Articles
agreed
upon
by
the
Archishops
and
Bishops
of
both
Provinces
,
and
the
whole
Clergy
in
the
Convocation
holden
at
London
,
Anno
1562.
for
the
avoyding
of
Diversities
of
opinions
,
and
establishing
consent
touching
true
Religion
.
These
Articles
came
forth
much
about
the
time
that
the
Decrees
of
the
Council
of
Trent
were
published
.
Many
of
which
Decrees
begin
with
lying
,
and
all
end
with
Cursing
,
threatening
Anathema's
to
all
dissenters
.
Anno
1571.
the
Parliament
confirmed
these
Articles
so
far
,
that
every
Clerk
should
before
Decemb.
25.
next
following
subscribe
the
same
.
And
hereafter
every
person
promoted
to
an
Ecclesiastical
living
,
should
within
a
time
prefixed
,
in
the
time
of
Divine
Service
publickly
read
and
profess
his
consent
to
the
same
,
on
pain
of
deprivation
ipso
facto
,
if
omitted
.
This
subscription
was
extended
only
to
men
of
Ecclesiastical
Function
.
After
the
return
of
the
Queen
of
Scots
out
of
France
into
Scotland
,
Besides
the
Ratifying
the
Act
of
Oblivion
,
(
formerly
condescended
to
in
the
Treaty
at
Edenburgh
)
there
were
also
past
some
other
Acts
,
viz.
one
Act
for
repairing
and
upholding
Parish
Churches
,
and
the
Church-yards
of
the
same
for
burial
of
the
dead
.
Another
against
letting
Parsonages
,
Gleabes
,
or
Houses
,
into
long
Leases
or
Fee
.
But
on
the
other
side
no
safety
or
Protection
could
be
found
for
the
Queen
's
own
Religion
,
no
not
so
much
as
the
Chappel
Royal
,
or
the
Regal
City
.
In
contempt
whereof
a
force
was
violently
committed
in
the
moneth
of
August
in
the
Chappel
of
the
Palace
of
Holy-rood
house
,
where
certain
of
the
Queen's
servants
were
assembled
for
their
own
devotions
,
the
doors
broke
open
,
some
of
the
Company
haled
to
the
next
prison
,
and
the
rest
dispersed
,
the
Priest
escaping
with
difficulty
by
a
private
passage
,
the
Queen
being
then
absent
in
the
North.
In
France
the
City
and
Castle
of
Cane
besieged
by
the
confederate
forces
both
French
and
English
,
was
finally
surrendred
to
the
Admiral
Chastilion
to
the
use
of
the
Princes
.
After
which
followed
the
surrendry
of
Baieux
,
Faleise
,
S.
Lod's
,
and
divers
other
Towns
and
Castles
.
The
Town
of
Hareflew
on
the
Seine
was
gallantly
taken
by
the
help
of
the
English
of
Newhaven
on
the
tenth
of
March
,
and
garrisoned
by
such
Souldiers
and
Inhabitants
as
were
sent
from
thence
.
These
successes
amazed
the
Guisian
faction
,
that
they
agreed
,
unto
an
Edict
of
Pacification
,
by
the
which
the
French
forces
were
restored
to
the
King's
Favour
,
the
Hugonots
to
the
free
exercise
of
their
own
Religion
.
But
they
must
buy
this
happiness
by
betraying
the
English
,
whom
they
had
brought
into
the
Countrey
,
and
joyn
their
forces
with
the
rest
to
drive
them
out
of
New-haven
,
if
they
would
not
yield
it
on
demand
.
The
French
closely
besiege
the
Town
,
and
the
Plague
raging
sore
among
the
English
,
they
capitulate
,
and
leave
the
Town
to
the
French
on
July
the
twenty
ninth
,
and
carry
the
Plague
with
them
into
England
.
The
Pope
was
so
incensed
against
Queen
Elizabeth
,
that
he
dispatched
a
commission
to
the
Fathers
of
Trent
,
Hist.
Concil.
Trident.
to
proceed
to
an
excommunication
of
the
Queen
of
England
.
But
the
Emperour
Ferdinand
wrote
Letters
both
to
the
Pope
and
to
the
Legates
,
in
which
he
signified
unto
them
,
That
if
the
Council
would
not
yield
that
fruit
which
was
desired
,
at
least
they
should
not
give
occasion
to
the
Hereticks
to
unite
themselves
more
;
which
certainly
they
would
do
,
in
case
they
proceeded
so
against
the
Queen
of
England
,
by
means
whereof
they
would
undoubtedly
make
a
league
against
the
Catholicks
.
Hereupon
the
Pope
desisted
at
Rome
;
and
revoked
his
Commission
sent
before
to
the
Legates
at
Trent
.
The
Plague
brought
out
of
France
by
the
Garrison
Souldiers
of
New-haven
,
had
so
dispersed
it self
,
and
made
such
desolation
in
many
parts
of
England
,
that
it
swept
away
above
twenty
thousand
of
the
City
of
London
,
which
was
the
greatest
at
that
time
which
any
man
living
could
remember
.
Soon
after
this
the
Queen
makes
peace
with
France
.
Then
the
Queen
went
in
progress
to
take
the
pleasures
of
the
Countrey
,
and
visited
the
University
of
Cambridge
,
where
being
with
all
kinds
of
honour
received
by
the
Students
,
and
delighted
with
Comedies
,
Tragedies
,
and
Scholastical
disputations
,
she
survayed
every
Colledge
:
and
in
a
Latine
Oration
takes
her
leave
of
Cambridge
,
giving
them
encouragement
to
pursue
their
Studies
.
The
English
Bishops
being
impowered
by
their
Canons
,
began
to
shew
their
Authority
in
urging
the
Clergy
of
their
Diocesses
,
to
subscribe
to
the
Liturgy
,
Rites
,
and
discipline
of
the
Church
;
and
such
as
refused
the
same
were
branded
with
the
name
of
Puritans
.
The
Non-conformists
in
this
Age
were
divided
into
two
Ranks
:
some
mild
and
moderate
,
contented
onely
to
enjoy
their
own
conscience
.
Others
fierce
and
fiery
,
to
the
disturbance
of
Church
and
State
,
saith
Fuller
.
Among
the
former
was
Father
John
Fox
(
for
so
Queen
Elizabeth
termed
him
)
summoned
to
subscribe
by
Archbishop
Parker
.
The
old
man
produced
the
New
Testament
in
Greek
,
To
this
(
saith
he
)
will
I
subscribe
.
But
when
a
subscription
to
the
Canons
was
subscribed
of
him
,
he
refused
it
,
saying
;
I
have
nothing
in
the
Church
save
a
Prebend
at
Salisbury
:
and
much
good
may
it
do
you
,
if
you
will
take
it
away
from
me
.
However
such
respect
did
the
Bishops
(
most
formerly
his
fellow-exiles
)
bear
to
his
Age
,
parts
,
and
pains
,
that
he
continued
his
place
till
the
day
of
his
death
.
With
Mr.
Fox
we
may
joyn
his
dear
friend
Laurence
Humfery
,
who
was
Regius
Professor
of
Divinity
in
Oxford
.
But
such
w●s
his
quiet
carriage
,
that
notwithstanding
his
non-subscribing
,
he
kept
his
Professors
place
,
and
Deanery
of
Winchester
as
long
as
he
lived
.
A
second
sort
of
Non-conformists
were
fierce
sticklers
against
Church-discipline
,
we
will
begin
with
Anthony
Gilby
bred
in
Christ's
Colledge
in
Cambridge
.
His
fierceness
against
the
Ceremonies
take
from
his
own
pen
,
They
are
(
saith
he
)
known
Liveries
of
Antichrist
,
accursed
leaven
of
the
blasphemous
popish
Priest-hood
,
cursed
patches
of
Popery
and
Idolatry
&c.
William
Whittingham
succeeds
,
who
after
his
return
from
his
exile
in
Germany
,
was
made
Dean
of
Duxham
.
Christopher
Goodman
is
the
third
,
who
wrote
a
book
stuffed
with
much
dangerous
Doctrine
,
wherein
he
maintained
,
That
Sir
Thomas
Wait
was
no
Traitor
,
that
his
cause
was
God's
,
&c.
These
three
(
saith
Mr.
Fuller
)
were
the
Antesignani
of
the
fierce
Non-conformists
:
for
David
Whitehead
is
not
mentioned
with
them
.
Yet
find
we
none
of
them
silenced
;
Onely
we
meet
with
Thomas
Sampson
Dean
of
Christ-church
in
Oxford
,
who
was
displaced
out
of
his
Deanery
for
his
Non-conformity
.
This
Deanery
was
then
conferred
on
Dr.
Thomas
Godwin
,
Chaplain
in
Ordinary
to
the
Queen
who
was
after
advanced
to
the
Bishoprick
of
Bath
and
Wells
,
who
was
Father
to
Francis
Godwin
,
late
Bishop
of
Landaff
,
the
Author
of
the
Catalogue
of
the
English
Bishops
.
Bullinger
and
Gualter
,
two
Divines
of
Switzerland
,
men
eminent
in
all
points
of
Learning
being
sollicited
by
some
zealous
brethren
to
signifie
their
judgement
in
the
present
controversie
about
the
Habit
of
the
Clergy
,
return
an
approbation
of
it
,
but
send
the
same
enclosed
to
Sandy's
,
Horn
,
and
Grindal
.
Now
the
Queen
thought
fit
to
make
a
further
signification
of
Her
Royal
Pleasure
,
legally
declared
by
Her
Commissioners
for
causes
Ecclesiastical
,
according
to
the
Acts
and
Statutes
made
in
that
behalf
.
The
Archbishop
is
thereupon
required
to
consult
together
with
such
Bishops
and
Commissioners
as
were
next
at
hand
upon
the
making
of
such
Rules
and
Orders
as
they
thought
necessary
for
the
peace
of
the
Church
,
with
reference
to
the
present
estate
thereof
.
Which
being
accordingly
performed
,
presented
to
the
Queen
,
and
by
her
approved
,
the
said
Rules
and
Orders
were
set
forth
,
and
published
in
a
certain
Book
Entitled
,
Advertisements
,
partly
for
due
Order
in
the
publick
Administration
of
the
Common-prayers
,
and
using
the
holy
Sacraments
;
and
partly
for
the
Apparel
of
all
Persons
Ecclesiastical
,
by
vertue
of
the
Queen's
Majestie
's
Letters
Commanding
the
same
,
January
fifteenth
,
&c.
In
this
year
1564.
died
the
Emperour
Ferdinand
,
and
Mr.
John
Calvin
.
What
Peter
Lombard
was
esteemed
to
be
in
the
Schools
at
Rome
,
the
same
was
Calvin
reckoned
to
be
in
all
those
Churches
which
were
Reformed
according
to
the
Zuinglian
Doctrine
in
the
point
of
the
Sacrament
.
Heylin's
Hist.
of
Q.
Elizab.
Yet
the
Royal
and
Prelatical
Divines
conceived
otherwise
of
him
(
saith
Dr.
Heylin
)
and
the
learned
Adrian
Seravia
(
though
by
birth
a
Dutchman
)
Yet
being
once
preferred
in
the
Church
of
England
,
could
not
endure
to
be
called
Calvinian
.
About
the
middle
of
February
the
Lord
Darly
came
to
the
Court
of
Scotland
,
who
being
not
fully
twenty
years
old
,
of
lovely
person
,
sweet
behaviour
,
and
a
most
ingenuous
disposition
,
exceedingly
prevailed
in
short
time
on
the
Queen's
affections
.
About
the
middle
of
July
the
Marriage-Rites
were
celebrated
in
the
Royal
Chappel
by
the
Dean
of
Restalrig
,
and
the
next
day
(
the
Queen
having
made
him
before
Earl
of
Rosse
,
and
Duke
of
Rothsay
)
the
new
Duke
was
proclaimed
King
by
sound
of
Trumpet
,
and
declared
to
be
associated
with
the
Queen
in
the
publick
government
.
The
news
whereof
being
brought
unto
Queen
Elizabeth
,
she
seemed
more
offended
than
indeed
she
was
.
But
never
was
marriage
more
calamitous
to
the
parties
themselves
,
or
more
dishonourable
to
that
nation
,
or
finally
more
scandalous
to
both
Religions
:
in
nothing
fortunate
but
in
the
birth
of
James
the
sixth
,
born
in
the
Palace
of
Edenburgh
on
July
19.
Anno
1566.
Solemnly
Crowned
King
of
the
Scots
on
the
same
day
of
the
Month
,
Anno
1567.
and
joyfully
received
to
the
Crown
of
England
on
March
14.
1602.
Of
such
a
temper
were
the
devotions
of
the
Church
of
England
at
this
time
,
that
generally
the
English
Papists
,
L.
Coke's
charg
given
at
Norwich
Assizes
,
1606.
and
the
Ambassadours
of
Forreign
Princes
still
resorted
to
them
.
For
the
first
ten
years
of
Her
Majestie
's
Reign
,
the
Papists
in
general
came
to
our
Churches
.
In
the
beginning
of
the
eleventh
year
of
her
Reign
,
Cornwallis
,
Beddingfield
and
Selyard
were
the
first
Recusants
.
Now
we
are
come
to
the
setling
the
Episcopal
Government
by
as
good
Authority
as
could
be
given
to
it
by
the
Lawes
of
the
Land
.
By
a
Statute
made
in
the
last
Parliament
for
keeping
Her
Majestie
's
Subjects
in
their
due
obedience
,
a
power
was
given
unto
the
Bishops
to
tender
and
receive
the
Oath
of
Supremacy
of
all
manner
of
persons
residing
and
dwelling
in
their
several
Diocesses
.
Bonner
was
then
Prisoner
in
the
Marshalsey
,
which
being
within
the
Borough
of
Southwark
,
brought
him
within
the
Jurisdiction
of
Horn
Bishop
of
Winchester
,
by
whose
Chancellor
the
Oath
was
tendred
to
him
.
On
the
refusal
of
which
Oath
he
i●
Indicted
at
the
King's
Bench
upon
the
Stature
,
to
which
he
appeared
in
some
Term
in
the
year
foregoing
,
and
desires
that
Council
be
assigned
to
plead
his
cause
.
The
Court
assigns
him
Christopher
Wray
,
afterwards
Chief-justice
of
the
Common-Pleas
,
that
famous
Lawyer
Edmond
Ploydon
,
and
one
Mr.
Lovelace
.
But
the
business
came
under
consideration
in
the
following
Parliament
;
which
began
on
September
thirty
,
where
the
Legality
of
Horn's
Episcopacy
(
which
was
objected
against
in
the
behalf
of
Bonner
)
was
cleered
by
Statute
,
by
which
the
Parliament
did
only
publish
,
notifie
,
and
declare
the
Legal
Authority
of
the
English
Bishops
,
whose
call
and
Consecration
to
their
place
was
formerly
performed
.
In
the
year
1566.
Queen
Elizabeth
came
to
Oxford
,
Honourably
attended
with
Robert
Dudley
,
lately
made
Earl
,
of
Leicester
,
and
Chancellor
of
Oxford
,
the
Marquess
of
Northampton
,
the
Lord
Burleigh
,
and
the
Spanish
Ambassadour
.
She
was
lodged
in
Christ-Church
,
where
many
Comedies
were
acted
before
Her
.
Many
Acts
were
kept
before
Her
in
Philosophy
,
and
one
most
eminent
in
Divinity
.
She
concluded
all
with
a
Latine
Oration
,
which
you
may
read
in
Fuller's
Church
History
,
as
it
was
taken
by
Dr.
Laurence
Humfrey
,
and
by
him
Printed
in
the
Life
of
Bishop
Jewel
.
Having
stayed
seven
dayes
,
she
took
Her
leave
of
the
University
.
Anno
1567.
Another
Generation
of
Active
Non-conformists
succeeded
the
former
.
Of
these
Coleman
,
Button
,
Benson
,
and
Halingham
,
were
the
chief
,
inveighing
against
the
established
Church-discipline
,
endeavouring
to
conform
the
English
Church
in
all
things
to
that
of
Geneva
.
To
these
three
more
may
be
added
,
viz.
William
White
,
Thomas
Rowland
,
Robert
Hawkins
,
all
Beneficed
within
the
Diocese
of
London
.
This
year
these
three
were
cited
to
appear
before
Edmond
Grindal
Bishop
of
London
:
one
who
was
not
very
forward
to
press
Conformity
.
The
Bishop
asked
them
this
question
,
Have
we
not
a
godly
Prince
?
speak
is
she
evil
?
To
which
they
made
their
several
answers
in
manner
following
.
William
White
.
]
What
a
question
is
that
?
the
fruits
do
shew
.
Thomas
Rowland
.
]
No
,
but
the
servants
of
God
are
persecuted
under
Her
.
Robert
Hawkins
.
]
Why
,
this
question
the
Prophet
answereth
in
the
Psalms
,
How
can
they
have
understanding
that
work
iniquity
,
spoiling
my
people
,
and
that
extol
vanity
?
The
Queen
proceeded
severely
against
some
of
them
,
commanding
them
to
be
put
in
prison
,
though
still
their
party
daily
encreased
.
And
now
to
strengthen
the
Romish
party
,
two
most
Active
fugitive
Papists
,
Thomas
Harding
,
and
Nicholas
Saunders
,
return
into
England
.
Very
earnest
they
were
in
advancing
the
Catholick
Cause
,
and
perverted
very
many
to
their
own
erroneous
opinions
.
A
moneth
or
two
after
the
Prince
of
Scotland's
baptizing
,
the
King
her
Husband
in
the
one
and
twentieth
year
of
his
age
was
in
the
dead
time
of
the
night
,
by
bloody
&
barbarous
hands
,
was
strangled
in
his
bed
,
and
thrown
forth
into
an
Orchyard
,
the
house
being
blown
up
with
Gun-powder
.
The
Queen
afterwards
marrieth
Earl
Bothwel
,
but
he
is
forced
to
fly
out
of
Scotland
.
And
the
Queen
is
thrust
in
prison
at
Loch-levin
.
But
what
should
be
done
with
Her
the
Conspirators
could
not
agree
among
themselves
.
At
length
they
extort
from
her
a
resignation
of
her
Kingdom
to
her
Son
,
who
was
scarce
thirteen
moneths
old
.
But
she
being
ill-used
at
home
by
her
own
Subjects
,
made
an
escape
into
England
,
and
landed
at
Wirkington
in
Comberland
,
and
the
same
day
wrote
a
letter
in
French
to
Queen
Elizabeth
.
The
Countess
of
Lenox
complaineth
against
her
to
Queen
Elizabeth
,
〈…〉
●list
.
Cent.
〈◊〉
.
and
besought
her
,
that
she
might
be
brought
to
her
trial
for
the
murther
of
her
Son
.
The
Queen
of
Scots
wrote
a
letter
to
the
Pope
,
to
manifest
her
devotion
to
the
See
of
Rome
,
written
from
Castle
Boulton
,
Novemb.
30.
1568.
Then
Thomas
Piercy
Earl
of
Northumberland
,
and
Charles
Nevil
Earl
of
Westmorland
brake
out
into
open
Rebellion
against
the
Queen
.
Their
first
valour
was
to
fight
against
the
English
Bible
and
Service-book
in
Durham
,
tearing
them
to
pieces
.
They
set
up
Mass
in
most
places
where
they
came
,
Richard
Norton
an
aged
Gentleman
carrying
the
Cross
before
them
,
and
others
bearing
in
their
banners
the
five
wounds
of
Christ
,
or
a
Chalice
,
according
to
their
different
devices
.
But
the
Earl
of
Sussex
advancing
out
of
the
South
with
an
Army
to
oppose
them
,
they
fled
Northwards
,
and
mouldered
away
to
nothing
.
Northumberland
fled
into
Scotland
,
lurked
there
awhile
,
was
betrayed
to
Earl
Murrey
,
sent
back
into
England
,
and
beheaded
at
York
.
Westmorland
fled
into
Flanders
,
where
he
long
lived
very
poor
,
on
a
small
pension
.
Many
were
executed
by
Sir
Seorge
Bowes
Knight
Marshal
,
in
every
Market-town
betwixt
New-castle
and
Witherby
.
Leonard
Dacres
the
next
year
laboured
to
raise
a
New
Rebellion
,
but
by
the
valour
and
vigilancy
of
the
Lord
Hunsdon
,
his
de●●●
was
seasonably
defeated
.
Commissioners
were
appointed
by
Queen
Elizabeth
to
take
cognizance
of
the
cause
of
the
Queen
of
Scots
,
Murrey
cometh
to
York
being
the
City
appointed
for
that
purpose
,
and
with
him
seven
of
his
Inwardest
friends
as
Delegates
for
the
Infant-King
;
and
for
the
Queen
of
Scots
Delegates
also
appeared
.
After
Lidington's
admonition
to
the
Scots
,
and
the
Scots
Protestation
,
the
Delegates
for
the
Queen
delivered
a
Declaration
in
Writing
.
Some
few
dayes
after
Murrey
the
Regent
,
and
the
Delegates
for
the
Infant-King
gave
in
their
Answer
.
To
this
the
Queen
of
Scots
Delegates
renewing
again
their
former
Protestation
,
opposed
their
Replication
.
Murrey
refuseth
to
yield
reasons
for
deposing
the
Queen
.
Then
were
the
English
Commissioners
Revoked
,
and
their
Authority
abrogated
to
the
great
rejoycing
of
the
Duke
of
Norfolk
,
who
had
ever
favoured
the
Queen
of
Scots
Title
to
the
Succession
to
the
Crown
of
England
.
New
Commissioners
were
appointed
to
hear
and
examine
the
matter
:
but
the
matter
cometh
to
nothing
.
Murrey
propoundeth
to
Norfolk
a
Marriage
with
the
Queen
of
Scots
,
yet
spreadeth
rumours
against
her
.
The
Queen
of
Scots
was
committed
to
the
Earl
of
Shrewsbury
.
Camden's
Hist.
of
Q.
Elizab.
Queen
Elizabeth
relieveth
the
Protestants
in
France
,
Edicts
being
published
there
,
whereby
the
exercise
of
the
Reformed
Religion
was
utterly
forbidden
,
the
Professors
thereof
removed
from
Publick
Offices
,
and
the
Ministers
of
the
word
commanded
to
depart
the
Realm
within
a
prefixed
time
.
She
also
gratiously
received
the
Netherlanders
,
of
whom
a
great
multitude
had
withdrawn
themselves
into
England
as
into
a
Sanctuary
,
from
the
cruelty
of
the
Duke
of
Alva
.
John
Story
,
Doctor
of
the
Lawes
,
a
great
persecutor
in
Queen
Mary's
dayes
,
being
allured
by
a
wile
into
a
Ship
,
which
was
reported
to
have
brought
over
English
Merchandises
and
Heretical
Books
,
the
Master
of
the
Ship
presently
set
Sail
,
and
brought
him
into
England
,
where
afterwards
he
was
executed
as
a
Traytor
to
his
Countrey
,
at
Tyburn
.
Then
were
the
English
Merchants
in
the
Netherlands
and
Spain
,
drawn
into
the
Inquisition
,
and
condemned
to
the
Galleys
,
and
their
goods
confiscate
.
The
old
store
of
Papists
in
England
began
now
much
to
diminish
,
prisons
consumed
many
,
Age
more
of
their
Priests
,
and
they
had
no
place
in
England
whence
to
recruit
themselves
.
Hereupon
they
resolved
to
erect
Colledges
beyond
the
Seas
for
English
youth
to
have
their
education
therein
.
This
project
begun
Anno
1569.
was
so
effectually
prosecuted
,
that
within
the
compass
of
fifty
years
nine
Colledges
were
by
them
founded
,
and
furnished
with
Students
,
and
they
with
maintenance
.
Doway-colledge
in
Flanders
was
founded
1569.
by
Philip
the
second
King
of
Spain
;
all
the
Recusants
in
E●gland
were
Benefactors
to
it
.
The
first
Rec●●r
was
William
Allen
,
afterwards
Cardinal
He
died
Anno
1594.
The
second
Thomas
Worthington
,
Rector
Anno
1609.
The
third
Matthew
Kellison
,
Rector
1624.
Whereas
the
government
of
all
other
English
Colledges
belongs
to
Jesuites
;
this
onely
is
ruled
by
Secular
Priests
.
The
second
Colledge
was
at
Rome
,
founded
Anno
1579.
Pope
Gregory
the
thirteenth
exhibited
maintenance
,
first
to
six
,
then
to
fourteen
,
at
last
to
threescore
Scholars
therein
,
to
the
yearly
value
of
four
thousand
Crowns
.
The
Welch
Hospital
in
Rome
,
founded
and
endowed
many
hundred
years
since
by
Cadwallader
King
of
Wales
for
Welch
Pilgrims
,
with
the
Rich
Lands
thereof
,
were
conferred
by
the
said
Pope
on
this
Colledge
.
Now
whereas
Anno
1576.
there
were
but
thirty
old
Priests
remaining
in
this
Realm
,
these
two
Colledges
alone
within
two
years
sent
above
three
hundred
Priests
into
England
.
The
first
Rector
was
Dr.
Maurice
.
The
second
Ferdinando
,
a
Neapolitan
Jesuite
.
The
third
Robert
Parsons
.
The
fourth
Thomas
Fitz-herbert.
1623.
The
third
Colledge
was
founded
by
Philip
the
second
,
King
of
Spain
at
Valladolit
in
old
Castile
.
Donna
Luysa
de
Caravaial
,
a
rich
Widow
Lady
in
Spain
,
gave
all
her
estate
(
being
very
great
)
to
this
Colledge
,
and
came
over
into
England
,
where
she
died
.
Father
Walpool
by
pretending
to
have
gained
Mr.
Pickering
Wotton
(
Son
and
Heir
to
the
Lord
Wotton
)
to
the
Romish
Church
,
got
above
five
hundred
pounds
to
this
Colledge
.
Sir
Francis
Inglefield
,
Privy
Counsellor
to
Queen
Mary
,
forsaking
his
fair
estate
in
Berk-shire
in
the
first
year
of
Queen
Elizabeth
,
was
a
bountiful
Benefactor
to
this
Colledge
.
The
fourth
Colledge
was
of
Sivil
,
founded
by
Philip
the
second
,
King
of
Spain
,
Anno
1593.
The
fifth
was
at
S.
Omers
in
Artois
,
founded
1596.
by
Philip
the
second
,
who
gave
them
a
good
Annuity
,
for
whose
soul
they
say
every
day
a
Mass
,
and
every
year
an
Obitum
.
Their
Rector
generally
is
a
Fleming
,
though
this
Colledge
be
of
English
only
.
The
sixth
Colledge
is
at
Madrid
,
in
new
Castile
,
founded
1606.
Joseph
Creswel
,
the
Jesuite
,
with
money
of
the
two
Colledges
,
of
Valladolit
and
Sivil
,
bought
an
House
here
,
and
built
a
Colledge
thereon
.
The
seventh
,
a
Colledge
of
Lovain
in
Brabant
,
founded
1606.
by
Philip
the
third
,
King
of
Spain
,
who
gave
a
Castle
,
with
a
Pension
,
to
the
English
Jesuits
,
to
build
them
a
Colledge
therewith
.
The
eighth
Colledge
was
at
Liege
in
Lukeland
,
founded
1616.
The
Archbishop
of
Collen
(
being
at
this
time
also
Bishop
of
Liege
)
gave
them
a
Pension
to
live
on
,
and
leave
to
build
a
fair
Colledge
here
.
Many
of
the
English
Nobility
and
Gentry
,
under
pretence
of
passing
to
the
Spaw
to
recover
their
healths
,
dropped
here
much
of
their
Gold
by
the
way
.
The
ninth
Colledge
was
of
Gaunt
in
Flanders
,
founded
1624.
by
Philip
the
Fourth
,
who
gave
them
a
Pension
.
The
Colledge
of
St.
Omers
generally
is
for
Boyes
to
be
taught
in
Grammar
:
Rome
for
Youths
studying
the
Arts
;
All
the
rest
for
Men
(
Novices
or
professed
Jesuits
)
save
that
Doway
is
for
any
,
of
what
age
or
parts
soever
.
It
is
incredible
what
a
mass
of
money
was
yearly
made
over
out
of
England
for
the
maintenance
of
these
Colledges
:
having
here
their
Provincials
,
Sub-provincials
,
Assistants
,
Agents
,
Coadjutors
,
Familiars
,
&c.
who
collected
vast
sums
for
them
.
The
solemn
Oath
which
each
Student
(
arrived
at
man's
estate
)
ceremoniously
sweareth
,
when
admitted
into
one
of
these
Colledges
is
as
followeth
:
I
A.
B.
one
bred
in
this
English
Colledge
,
Continuation
of
Sanders
de
Schismat
.
Anglicano
.
p.
116.
considering
how
great
benefits
God
hath
bestowed
upon
me
,
but
then
especially
when
he
brought
me
out
of
my
own
Countrey
so
much
infected
with
Heresie
,
and
made
me
a
member
of
the
Catholick
Church
,
as
also
desiring
with
a
thankful
heart
to
improve
so
great
a
mercy
of
God
,
have
resolved
to
offer
up
my self
wholly
to
Divine
service
,
as
much
as
I
may
,
to
fulfil
the
end
for
which
this
our
Colledge
was
founded
.
I
promise
therefore
,
and
swear
,
in
the
presence
of
Almighty
God
,
that
I
am
prepared
,
from
my
heart
,
with
the
assistance
of
Divine
grace
,
in
due
time
to
receive
holy
Orders
,
and
to
return
into
England
,
to
convert
the
Souls
of
my
Countrey-men
and
Kinred
,
when
,
and
as
often
,
as
it
shall
seem
good
to
the
Superior
of
this
Colledge
,
&c.
Now
Pope
Pius
the
Fifth
thunders
out
his
Excommunication
against
Queen
Elizabeth
,
and
the
Hereticks
(
as
he
calleth
them
)
adhering
to
her
:
wherein
also
her
Subjects
are
declared
absolved
from
the
Oath
of
Allegiance
,
and
every
other
thing
due
unto
her
whatsoever
:
and
those
,
which
from
henceforth
obey
her
,
are
innodated
with
the
Anathema
.
The
news
thereof
flying
over
into
England
,
variously
affected
the
Catholicks
,
according
to
their
several
dispositions
.
John
Felton
,
who
fastened
the
Pope's
Bull
to
the
Palace
of
London
,
being
taken
,
and
refusing
to
fly
,
was
hanged
on
a
Gibbet
before
the
Pope's
Palace
.
Then
Hugh
Price
,
Doctor
of
the
Civil
Law
,
procured
the
foundation
of
Jesus
Colledge
in
Oxford
,
on
a
Ground
where
White
hall
had
been
formerly
situated
;
which
with
Edifices
and
Gardens
thereto
belonging
,
being
then
in
the
Crown
,
Queen
Elizabeth
gave
to
so
pious
an
use
,
and
therefore
is
stiled
the
Foundress
in
this
Mortmain
.
In
the
year
1570.
Murray
sueth
to
have
the
Queen
of
Scots
delivered
unto
him
.
But
soon
after
he
was
shot
with
a
leaden
Bullet
,
beneath
the
Navil
,
at
Lithguo
,
as
he
rode
in
the
street
.
Hamilton
,
the
murtherer
,
escaped
into
France
.
Then
Matthew
Lenox
,
the
young
King's
Grandfather
,
was
made
Regent
of
Scotland
.
Now
began
Popery
to
encrease
,
and
the
word
[
Recusant
]
to
be
born
and
bred
in
mens
mouths
.
A
Parliament
sate
at
Westminster
,
which
acted
against
Papists
,
That
to
write
,
print
,
preach
,
or
affirm
,
that
the
Queen
was
an
Heretick
,
Schismatick
,
&c.
should
be
ad●udged
Treason
.
Also
,
That
it
should
be
so
accounted
,
and
punished
,
to
bring
,
and
put
in
execution
,
any
Bulls
,
Writings
,
Instruments
,
&c.
from
the
See
of
Rome
from
the
first
of
July
following
.
A
severe
Act
was
made
also
against
Fugitives
(
who
being
natural
born
Subjects
of
this
Realm
,
departed
the
same
without
license
.
Against
Non
conformists
it
was
provided
,
That
every
Minister
should
,
before
December
the
twenty
fifth
next
following
,
in
the
presence
of
his
Diocesan
,
or
his
Deputy
,
declare
his
assent
to
all
the
Articles
of
Religion
,
agreed
on
in
the
Convocation
1562.
upon
pain
of
deprivation
on
his
refusal
thereof
.
Against
covetous
Conformists
it
was
provided
,
That
no
Spiritual
person
,
Colledge
,
or
Hospital
shall
let
,
lease
,
other
than
for
the
term
of
one
and
twenty
years
,
or
three
lives
;
the
usual
rent
,
or
more
,
reserved
payable
yearly
,
during
the
said
Term.
Now
began
Queen
Elizabeth's
favour
to
decline
toward
the
Queen
of
Scots
,
principally
for
practising
with
the
Pope
and
forreign
Princes
.
Anno
1571.
Queen
Elizabeth
went
in
Royal
state
to
see
a
most
beautiful
Burse
,
which
Sir
Thomas
Gresham
Knight
,
Citizen
of
London
,
had
built
for
the
use
of
Merchants
,
and
by
the
voice
of
the
Crier
,
and
the
sound
of
Trumpets
,
as
it
it
were
by
way
of
Dedication
,
she
named
it
,
The
Royal
Exchange
.
A
little
before
that
,
Florentine
Ridolpho
,
who
had
for
the
space
of
fifteen
years
exercised
Merchandise
at
London
,
secretly
conveyed
Letters
from
the
Pope
to
the
Queen
of
Scots
,
wherein
he
promiseth
all
kindness
,
and
aid
for
advancing
the
Catholick
Religion
,
and
Her
,
&c.
Ridolph●
also
,
by
his
own
Letters
apart
,
prayeth
the
Queen
to
acquaint
the
Duke
of
Norfolk
with
these
things
,
&c.
Anno
1572.
died
William
Alley
,
Bishop
of
Exeter
,
a
diligent
Preacher
,
and
John
Jewel
,
Bishop
of
Satisbury
.
The
Canons
made
in
1563.
were
not
for
nine
years
after
confirmed
by
Act
of
Parliament
:
but
now
being
ratified
by
Parliamentary
Authority
,
the
Bishops
began
the
urging
of
them
more
severely
than
before
;
which
many
dissenters
keep
their
private
meetings
in
Woods
,
Fields
,
their
Friends
Houses
,
&c.
And
now
Thomas
Cartwright
(
chief
of
the
Non-conformists
)
presents
the
Parliament
with
a
Book
called
,
An
Admonition
.
This
was
seconded
with
another
more
importunate
to
the
same
effect
.
Great
bandying
there
was
of
Books
between
two
eminent
Authors
of
opposite
parties
.
-
1.
The
Admonition
first
and
second
made
by
Mr.
Cartwright
.
-
2.
The
Answer
to
the
Admonition
by
Doctor
John
Whitgift
.
-
3.
The
Reply
to
the
Answer
,
by
Mr.
Thomas
Cartwright
.
-
4.
The
Defence
of
the
Answer
,
by
Doctor
John
Whitgift
.
This
last
kept
the
field
,
and
received
no
solemn
refutation
.
The
Non-conformists
,
after
the
dissolution
of
the
Parliament
,
The
first
Presbytery
in
England
.
presumed
to
erect
a
Presbytery
at
Wandsworth
in
Surrey
.
Eleven
Elders
were
chosen
therein
,
and
their
Offices
,
and
general
Rules
(
by
them
to
be
observed
)
agreed
upon
,
and
described
,
as
appears
by
a
Bill
endorsed
with
the
hand
of
Mr.
Field
,
Lecturer
(
it
is
supposed
)
of
that
place
,
but
living
in
London
:
Mr.
Smith
of●
Micham
,
and
Mr.
Crane
of
Roughampton
,
are
mentioned
for
approving
all
passages
therein
.
This
was
the
first-born
of
all
Presbyteries
in
England
.
Here
were
two
sorts
of
Ministers
.
First
Mr.
-
1.
Field
.
-
2.
Wilcox
.
-
3.
Standen
.
-
4.
Jackson
.
-
5.
Bonham
.
-
6.
Seintloe
.
-
7.
Crane
.
-
8.
Edmonds
.
Afterwards
Mr.
-
1.
Chark
.
-
2.
Travers
.
-
3.
Barber
.
-
4.
Gardiner
.
-
5.
Cheston
.
-
6.
Crook
.
-
7.
Egerton
.
The
former
of
these
were
principally
against
Ministers
Habits
,
and
the
Common-prayer-book
.
The
latter
endeavouring
the
modelling
of
a
new
Discipline
.
But
it
was
not
long
before
both
Streams
uniting
together
,
Non-conformity
began
to
bear
a
great
Channel
in
the
City
of
London
.
Then
Ross
,
the
Queen
of
Scots
Ambassador
,
and
the
Duke
of
Norfolk
,
were
sent
to
the
Tower
,
for
plotting
against
Queen
Elizabeth
.
The
Duke
of
Norfolk
was
arraigned
and
condemned
by
his
Peers
,
and
beheaded
on
Tower-hill
.
This
year
happened
a
cruel
Massacre
in
Paris
,
the
Queen
of
Navar
,
and
all
the
choicest
of
the
Protestants
being
bidden
thither
to
a
Marriage
,
between
Henry
of
Navar
,
and
Madam
Margarite
,
the
King's
Sister
.
No
sooner
was
the
Marriage
solemnized
,
but
there
followed
bloody
Butcherings
,
committed
upon
men
of
all
estates
,
throughout
all
the
Cities
of
France
.
And
Admiral
Coligny
(
the
Pillar
of
the
Reformed
Church
)
was
slain
in
his
Bed
on
Bartholomew-eve
.
In
November
following
a
new
Star
was
seen
in
the
Constellation
of
Cassiopeia
,
which
continued
full
sixteen
months
,
being
carried
about
with
the
daily
motion
of
the
Heaven
,
Theodor
,
Beza
wittily
applyed
it
to
that
Star
,
which
shone
at
the
Birth
of
Christ
,
and
to
the
murthering
of
the
Infants
under
Herod
,
and
warned
Charles
the
ninth
,
King
of
France
,
who
had
confessed
himself
to
be
the
Author
of
the
Massacre
at
Paris
,
to
beware
,
in
this
Verse
.
Camden's
History
of
Queen
Eliz.
Tu
Vero
Herodes
sanguinolente
cave
.
And
look
thou
,
bloody
Herod
,
to
thy self
.
And
he
was
not
altogether
deceived
in
his
belief
:
for
the
fifth
month
,
after
the
vanishing
of
this
Star
the
said
Charles
,
after
long
and
grievous
pains
,
died
of
exceeding
bleeding
.
Now
begin
the
Anabaptists
to
encrease
in
England
:
On
Easter-day
was
disclosed
a
Congregation
of
Dutch
Anabaptists
,
without
Aldgate
in
London
,
whereof
twenty
seven
were
taken
,
and
imprisoned
,
and
four
bearing
Faggots
at
Paul's-cross
,
solemnly
recanted
their
Opinions
.
In
the
next
month
one
Dutch-man
,
and
ten
Women
,
were
condemned
:
of
whom
one
Woman
renounced
her
errors
;
eight
were
banished
the
Land
:
Two
more
so
obstinate
,
that
command
was
issued
out
for
their
burning
in
Smithfield
,
where
they
died
in
great
horror
,
with
crying
and
roaring
.
Anno
1573.
one
Peter
Burchet
,
who
had
perswaded
himself
,
that
it
was
lawful
to
kill
any
that
had
opposed
the
truth
of
the
Gospel
,
drew
his
Dagger
upon
Hawkins
,
that
famous
Navigator
,
in
the
open
street
,
and
wounded
him
,
supposing
him
to
be
Hatton
,
who
was
then
in
great
favour
with
the
Queen
,
whom
he
had
heard
to
be
one
of
the
Innovators
.
Being
cast
into
the
Tower
of
London
,
he
slew
one
of
his
Keepers
with
a
Billet
,
which
be
snatched
up
out
of
the
Chimney
,
for
which
he
was
condemned
of
murther
,
had
his
right
hand
cut
off
,
and
nailed
to
the
Gallows
,
and
then
he
was
hanged
.
In
the
year
1574.
certain
Ministers
of
London
were
deluded
by
a
Maid
,
which
counterfeited
her self
to
be
possessed
of
the
Devil
.
So
powerful
was
the
party
of
the
Non-conformists
grown
at
this
time
,
that
Doctor
Humfrey
,
then
President
of
Maudlins
,
and
Mr.
John
Fox
himself
(
both
which
scrupled
subscription
in
some
particulars
)
were
deserted
by
them
as
luke-warm
and
remiss
in
the
cause
.
Coleman
,
Burton
,
Hallingham
,
Benson
,
out-did
all
of
their
own
Opinions
.
Then
died
Matthew
Parker
,
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
an
excellent
Antiquary
,
a
great
Benefactor
to
Bennet-colledge
in
Cambridge
,
on
which
he
bestowed
many
Manuscripts
.
Edmond
Grindal
succeeded
him
in
his
place
.
Not
long
after
died
James
Pilkinton
,
Bishop
of
Durham
.
He
was
(
as
appeareth
by
many
of
his
Letters
)
a
great
conniver
at
Non-conformity
.
The
same
year
died
Edward
Deering
,
an
eminent
Divine
,
born
of
an
ancient
Family
in
Kent
,
bred
Fellow
of
Christ's-colledge
in
Cambridge
,
a
pious
and
painful
Preacher
,
but
disaffected
to
Bishops
and
Ceremonies
Rowland
Jenkes
,
a
Popish
Bookseller
,
was
indicted
,
at
the
Summer-Assizes
in
Oxford
,
for
dispersing
of
scandalous
Pamphlets
,
defamatory
to
the
Queen
and
State
.
Then
the
Queen
laboureth
to
compound
the
Netherland
differences
;
but
it
had
little
effect
.
She
relieveth
the
Estates
and
the
Prince
of
Orange
with
twenty
thousand
pounds
of
English
money
,
upon
condition
they
should
neither
change
their
Religion
,
nor
their
Prince
,
nor
receive
the
French
into
the
Netherlands
.
Then
one
Cuthbert
Mayn
,
a
Priest
,
was
drawn
,
hanged
,
and
quartered
at
Launston
in
Cornwal
,
for
his
obstinate
maintaining
of
the
Papal
power
:
and
Trugion
,
a
Gentleman
of
that
Countrey
,
which
had
harboured
him
,
was
turned
out
of
his
Estate
,
and
condemned
to
perpetual
imprisonment
.
In
this
year
1577.
died
Nicholas
Bullingham
,
Bishop
of
Worcester
.
And
the
same
year
died
William
Bradbridge
,
Bishop
of
Exeter
,
and
Edmond
Guest
,
Bishop
of
Salisbury
.
Anno
1579.
died
Richard
Cheiney
,
Bishop
of
Bristol
.
Robert
Horn
,
Bishop
of
Winchester
,
succeeded
.
Thomas
Centham
,
Bishop
of
Coventry
and
Litchfield
,
followed
him
.
And
not
long
after
died
Richard
Cox
,
Bishop
of
Ely
.
Now
the
Sect
(
called
The
Family
of
Love
)
began
to
grow
so
numerous
,
that
the
Privy
Council
thought
fit
to
endeavour
their
suppression
.
They
perswaded
their
followers
,
That
those
only
were
elected
,
and
to
be
saved
,
which
were
admitted
into
that
Family
,
and
all
the
rest
Reprobates
,
and
to
be
damned
:
and
that
it
was
lawful
for
them
to
deny
,
upon
their
Oath
,
before
a
Magistrate
,
whatsoever
they
list
.
Of
this
Fanatical
vanity
they
dispersed
Books
among
their
followers
,
translated
out
of
the
Dutch
Tongue
into
English
,
which
they
entitled
,
The
Gospel
of
the
Kingdom
;
Documental
Sentences
;
The
Prophesy
of
the
Spirit
of
Love
;
The
publishing
of
Peace
upon
Earth
:
The
Author
was
Henry
Nicholas
of
Leyden
,
who
blasphemously
said
,
That
he
did
partake
of
God
,
and
God
of
his
Humanity
.
This
Man
came
over
into
England
in
the
Reign
of
King
Edward
the
Sixth
,
joyned
himself
to
the
Dutch
Congregation
in
London
,
where
he
seduced
many
Artificers
,
and
silly
Women
,
among
whom
two
Daughters
of
one
Warwick
(
to
whom
he
dedicated
an
Epistle
)
were
his
principal
Perverts
.
The
Abjuration
may
be
read
in
Fu●ler
.
church
Hist.
ad
An.
1580.
Mr.
Martin
Micronius
,
and
Mr.
Nicholas
Charineus
,
then
the
Ministers
of
the
Dutch
Congregation
,
zealously
confuted
his
errors
,
but
it
seems
their
Antidotes
pierced
not
so
deep
as
his
Poysons
.
The
Privy
Council
now
tendred
unto
them
an
Abjuration
;
but
with
what
success
we
find
not
.
The
Queen
commanded
by
Proclamation
,
That
the
Civil
Magistrate
should
be
assistant
to
the
Ecclesiastical
,
for
the
timely
suppressing
of
them
,
and
that
their
Books
should
be
burnt
.
Then
divers
Seminary
Priests
were
sent
forth
into
several
parts
of
England
and
Ireland
,
to
administer
(
as
they
pretended
)
the
Sacraments
of
the
Romish
Religion
,
and
to
preach
.
But
the
Queen
,
and
her
Council
found
,
that
they
were
sent
under-hand
,
to
withdraw
the
Subjects
from
their
Allegiance
,
and
Obedience
,
due
to
their
Prince
,
to
bind
them
,
by
Reconciliation
,
to
perform
the
Pope's
Commandements
,
to
raise
intestine
Rebellion
under
the
Seal
of
Confession
,
and
flatly
to
execute
the
Sentence
of
Pope
Pius
the
Fifth
against
the
Queen
.
To
these
Seminaries
,
for
as
much
as
there
were
sent
daily
out
of
England
,
from
the
Papists
,
very
many
Boys
,
and
young
Men
of
all
sorts
,
and
admitted
into
the
same
,
making
a
Vow
to
return
;
and
others
from
thence
crept
secretly
into
England
,
there
came
forth
a
Proclamation
in
the
month
of
June
,
That
whosoever
had
Children
,
Pupils
,
Kinsmen
,
or
others
,
in
the
parts
beyond
the
Seas
,
should
,
after
ten
dayes
,
deliver
their
names
to
the
Ordinary
;
and
to
those
which
returned
not
,
they
should
not
directly
,
or
indirectly
;
supply
any
money
.
That
no
Man
should
entertain
in
his
house
,
or
lodge
,
Priests
sent
forth
of
the
Seminaries
,
and
Jesuits
,
or
cherish
and
relieve
them
:
And
whosoever
did
the
contrary
,
should
be
accounted
a
favourer
of
Rebels
,
&c.
Camden's
Hist.
of
Queen
Eli.
Anno
1580.
But
Robert
Parsons
,
and
Edmond
Campian
,
Jesuits
,
living
at
Rome
,
obteined
of
the
Pope
license
to
come
over
into
England
.
Parsons
was
born
in
Sommerset-shire
,
of
Baliol-colledge
in
Oxford
,
a
man
of
a
fierce
nature
,
and
rude
behaviour
,
he
professed
openly
the
Protestants
Religion
,
until
he
was
,
for
his
dishonesty
,
expelled
the
University
,
then
fled
he
to
the
Papists
.
Campian
was
born
in
London
,
and
bred
in
St.
John's-colledge
in
Oxford
,
one
of
a
sweet
nature
,
and
fluent
tongue
.
These
two
notably
advanced
the
Roman
cause
,
travelling
up
and
down
the
Countrey
secretly
,
and
,
to
Popish
Gentlemens
houses
,
in
disguised
habit
,
sometimes
of
Souldiers
;
sometimes
of
Gentlemen
;
sometimes
of
Ministers
of
the
Word
;
sometimes
of
Apparitors
.
Campian
,
by
a
Writing
set
forth
,
challenged
the
Ministers
of
the
English
Church
to
a
Disputation
,
and
published
a
Book
in
Latin
,
of
ten
Reasons
,
for
maintenance
of
the
Doctrine
of
the
Church
of
Rome
;
and
Parsons
another
virulent
Book
,
in
English
,
against
Chark
,
who
had
written
soberly
against
Campian's
challenge
.
But
to
Campian's
Reasons
Whitaker
answered
soundly
.
He
was
taken
a
year
after
,
and
put
to
the
rack
,
and
afterwards
being
brought
forth
to
dispute
,
hardly
maintained
the
expectation
raised
of
him
.
Parsons
hardly
escaping
at
Norwich
in
Cheshire
,
politickly
returneth
to
Rome
.
This
year
Edmond
Grindal
,
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
groaning
under
the
Queens
displeasure
,
was
forbidden
access
to
the
Convocation
.
But
a
Petition
was
drawn
up
,
in
the
name
of
the
whole
Convocation
,
for
the
restitution
of
the
Archbishop
,
by
Toby
Matthew
,
Dean
of
Christ-church
.
This
Petition
,
after
delayes
,
ended
in
a
final
denial
;
it
being
daily
suggested
to
the
Queen
,
that
Grindal
was
a
great
Patron
of
Prophecyings
(
now
set
up
in
several
parts
of
the
Land
)
which
,
if
permitted
,
would
in
fine
prove
the
bane
of
the
Church
and
State
.
These
Prophecyings
were
thus
modelled
.
1.
The
Ministers
of
the
same
Precinct
,
by
their
own
appointment
,
Fuller
.
Church
Hist.
An.
1580.
met
at
the
principal
place
therein
.
2.
The
Junior
Divine
went
first
into
the
Pulpit
,
and
for
about
half
an
hour
treated
upon
a
portion
of
Scripture
,
formerly
by
a
joynt
agreement
assigned
unto
him
.
After
him
four
or
five
more
observing
their
seniority
,
successively
dilated
on
the
same
Text.
3.
At
last
a
Grave
Divine
made
the
closing
Sermon
,
somewhat
larger
than
the
rest
,
praising
the
pains
of
such
who
best
deserved
it
,
and
mildly
reproving
the
mistakes
of
such
of
those
,
if
any
were
found
in
their
Sermons
.
Then
all
was
ended
(
as
it
was
begun
)
with
a
solemn
Prayer
.
And
at
a
publick
refection
of
those
Ministers
,
together
(
with
many
of
the
Gentry
repairing
to
them
)
the
next
time
of
their
meeting
was
appointed
,
Text
assigned
,
Preachers
deputed
,
a
new
Moderator
elected
,
or
the
one
continued
,
and
so
all
were
dissolved
.
But
some
incoveniences
were
seen
,
and
more
foreseen
,
if
these
Prophecyings
might
generally
take
place
in
the
Land
.
However
the
Archbishop
,
to
vindicate
himself
,
wrote
a
large
Letter
to
the
Queen
.
But
all
in
vain
,
for
the
Earl
of
Leicester
had
so
filled
the
Queens
ears
with
complaints
against
him
,
that
there
was
no
room
to
receive
his
Petition
.
Indeed
Leicester
cast
a
covetous
eye
on
Lambeth-house
,
and
maliced
him
,
because
he
stoutly
opposed
the
alienating
this
his
principal
Palace
.
Now
began
Priests
and
Jesuits
to
flock
faster
into
England
than
ever
before
,
having
exchange
of
clothes
,
names
,
and
professions
.
Hereupon
the
Parliament
,
now
met
at
Westminster
,
enacted
severe
Laws
against
them
.
John
Pain
,
a
Priest
,
was
executed
at
Chelmsford
,
Thomas
Ford
,
John
Shert
,
and
Robert
Johnson
,
Priests
,
were
executed
at
London
.
This
year
died
Gilbert
Berkley
,
Bishop
of
Bath
and
Wells
.
The
Presbyterian
party
met
at
Cockfield
(
Mr.
Knewstub's
Cure
)
in
Suffolk
,
even
sixty
Ministers
of
Norfolk
,
Suffolk
,
and
Cambridge-shire
,
to
confer
of
the
Common-prayer-book
,
what
might
be
tolerated
,
and
what
refused
in
every
point
of
it
,
apparel
,
matter
,
form
,
dayes
,
fastings
,
injunctions
,
&c.
whilst
the
severity
of
the
State
was
at
this
time
great
against
Jesuites
,
some
lenity
of
course
fell
to
the
share
of
the
Non-conformists
.
The
City
of
Geneva
being
now
reduced
to
great
extremities
by
the
Duke
of
Savoy
,
Beza
addressed
himself
by
Letters
to
Mr.
Walter
Travers
,
one
of
the
chief
of
the
Presbyterian
party
,
then
Chaplain
to
the
Lord
Treasurer
:
in
which
Letter
may
be
seen
much
of
the
secret
sympathy
betwixt
England
and
Geneva
about
Discipline
;
Geneva
helping
England
with
her
Prayers
,
England
aiding
Geneva
with
her
purse
.
The
Duke
of
Anjou
came
into
England
,
and
was
an
earnest
Suitor
to
Queen
Elizabeth
.
A
Book
was
set
forth
against
the
Marriage
,
entitled
,
The
Gulps
wherein
England
will
be
swallowed
by
the
French
Marriage
.
The
Queen
,
by
open
Proclamation
,
commended
the
Duke
of
Anjou's
affection
towards
her
,
and
the
Protestants
Religion
,
sorrowed
that
so
great
an
injury
was
offered
to
so
high
a
Prince
,
she
condemned
the
Author
of
the
Book
,
as
a
publisher
of
Sedition
,
and
commanded
the
Book
to
be
burnt
before
the
Magistrates
face
.
From
this
time
she
began
to
be
more
incensed
against
the
Innovators
,
from
whom
she
believed
that
these
things
proceeded
.
And
within
few
dayes
after
,
John
Stubs
,
of
Lincolns-Inn
,
(
whose
Sister
Mr.
Cartwright
,
formerly
mentioned
,
had
married
)
the
Author
of
this
Book
,
William
Page
,
who
dispersed
the
Copies
,
and
Singleton
,
the
Printer
,
were
apprehended
.
Stubs
and
Page
had
their
right
hands
cut
off
with
a
Cleaver
driven
through
the
wrist
with
the
force
of
a
Beetle
,
upon
a
Scaffold
,
in
the
Market-place
at
Westminster
.
The
Printer
was
pardoned
.
Stubs
having
his
right
hand
cut
off
,
put
off
his
hat
with
his
left
,
and
said
with
a
loud
voice
,
God
save
the
Queen
.
The
Queen
also
,
to
take
away
the
fear
which
had
possessed
many
mens
minds
,
that
Religion
would
be
altered
,
and
Popery
tolerated
,
permitted
that
Edmond
Campian
,
Jesuite
,
Ralph
Sherwin
,
Luke
Kirby
,
and
Alexander
Briant
,
Priests
,
should
be
arraigned
they
were
condemned
and
executed
for
Treason
.
This
was
done
during
the
abode
of
Anjou
in
England
.
The
Earl
of
Leicester
improved
his
power
(
at
this
time
very
great
with
the
Queen
)
to
obtain
great
Liberty
for
the
Non-conformists
.
Hence
it
was
,
that
many
Bishops
active
in
pressing
subscription
in
their
Diocess
,
when
repairing
to
Court
,
were
checked
by
this
great
Favourite
,
to
their
great
discouragement
.
Hereupon
the
Brethren
(
who
hitherto
had
no
particular
platform
of
Discipline
among
themselves
,
The
form
of
Discipline
by
the
Brethren
considered
of
in
a
solemn
Synod
with
the
Decrees
thereof
,
may
be
read
in
Fuller
.
church
Hist.
Cent.
16.
Anno
1582.
as
universally
practised
by
their
party
)
began
,
in
a
solemn
Council
held
by
them
,
to
conclude
on
a
certain
form
,
as
may
be
seen
in
their
Decrees
,
faithfully
translated
out
of
their
Latin
Copy
.
The
Title
thereof
,
These
be
the
things
that
(
do
seem
)
may
well
stand
with
the
peace
of
the
Church
.
This
year
died
three
that
seemed
Pillars
in
the
Romish
Church
.
Frist
Richard
Bristow
,
born
in
Worcester-shire
,
bred
at
Exeter-colledge
in
Oxford
,
whence
he
fled
beyond
the
Seas
,
and
by
Cardinal
Allen
was
made
Overseer
of
the
English
Colledge
,
first
at
Doway
,
then
at
Rhemes
.
For
the
recovery
of
his
health
,
he
returned
into
his
native
Land
,
and
died
quietly
near
London
.
The
second
Nicholas
Harpsfield
,
bred
first
in
Winchester-school
,
then
in
New-colledge
in
Oxford
,
where
he
proceeded
Doctor
of
Law
,
and
after
became
Archdeacon
of
Canterbury
:
Under
King
Edward
the
Sixth
he
banished
himself
:
Under
Queen
Mary
he
returned
,
and
was
advanced
:
Under
Queen
Elizabeth
imprisoned
,
for
denying
her
Supremacy
.
Yet
such
was
his
mild
usage
in
his
Restraint
,
that
he
wrote
much
therein
and
among
the
rest
his
Ecclesiastical
History
.
He
wrote
also
six
Dialogues
in
favour
of
his
own
Religion
.
He
set
it
forth
under
the
name
of
Alan
Cope
.
Yet
caused
he
these
Capital
letters
to
be
engraven
at
the
end
of
his
Book
.
A.
H.
L.
N.
H.
E.
V.
E.
A.
C.
Hereby
mystically
meaning
.
Auctor
Hujus
Libri
Nicolaus
Harpfeldus
.
Edidit
Vero
Eum
Alanus
Copus
.
The
third
Gregory
Martin
,
born
at
Mayfield
in
Sussex
,
bred
with
Campian
at
St.
John's-colledge
in
Oxford
,
Tutor
to
Philip
,
Earl
of
Arundel
,
eldest
Son
to
Thomas
,
Duke
of
Norfolk
.
Afterwards
he
went
over
beyond
Sea
,
and
became
Divinity
Professor
in
the
Colledge
of
Rhemes
,
and
died
there
.
Now
as
touching
the
Controversie
of
Church-government
,
the
Ministers
of
Kent
,
having
been
called
to
subscribe
to
certain
Articles
propounded
to
them
by
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
se●d
their
Petition
to
the
Privy
Council
:
Subscribed
thus
;
Your
Honours
daily
and
faithful
Orators
,
the
Ministers
of
Kent
,
which
are
suspended
from
the
execution
of
their
Ministry
.
The
Lords
of
the
Council
sent
this
Petition
,
with
another
Bill
of
complaint
,
exhibited
unto
them
,
against
Edmond
Freak
,
Bishop
of
Norwich
,
unto
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
.
What
his
Answer
was
thereunto
,
may
be
seen
at
large
in
Fuller's
Church
History
.
Doctor
John
Whitgift
was
now
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
Anno
1583.
who
wrote
a
Letter
to
the
Lord
Treasurer
,
complaining
of
Mr.
Beal
,
Clerk
of
the
Council
,
who
brought
these
Letters
to
him
,
his
insolent
carriage
towards
him
.
Now
that
the
Presbyterian
party
were
befriended
at
the
Council-board
,
who
endeavoured
to
mittigate
the
Archbishop's
proceeding
against
them
,
appeareth
also
from
the
Privy
Counsellors
Letter
to
the
Archbishop
,
in
favour
of
the
Non-conformists
.
Signed
W.
Burleigh
,
G.
Shrewsbury
,
A
Warwick
,
R.
Leicester
,
C.
Howard
,
J.
Croft
,
Ch.
Hatton
,
Fr.
Walsingham
.
But
albeit
Sir
Chr.
Hatton
subscribed
among
the
Privy
Counsellors
for
moderation
to
Non-conformists
,
yet
that
he
was
a
great
countenancer
of
Whitgift's
proceedings
against
them
,
appeareth
in
an
immediate
Address
of
the
Archbishop
unto
him
.
As
for
the
Lord
Burghleigh
,
he
was
neither
so
rigid
,
as
to
have
Conformity
prest
to
the
height
,
nor
so
remiss
,
as
to
leave
Ministers
at
their
own
liberty
:
He
would
argue
the
case
,
both
in
D●scourse
and
Letters
,
with
the
Archbishop
;
and
one
Letter
he
wrote
to
the
Archbishop
for
some
Indulgence
to
the
Ministers
;
Mr.
Travers
seems
to
have
an
hand
in
all
this
,
who
being
the
Lord
Burghleigh's
Chaplain
,
by
him
much
respected
,
and
highly
affected
to
the
Geneva
Discipline
,
was
made
the
mouth
of
the
Ministers
,
to
mediate
to
his
Lord
in
their
behalf
.
But
the
Archbishop's
unmoveableness
appeared
by
his
Letter
sent
to
the
Lord
Treasurer
,
at
some
passages
whereof
he
took
exception
,
and
sends
a
smart
Letter
to
the
Archbishop
.
That
which
concerneth
the
Non-conformists
therein
is
this
.
I
deny
nothing
that
your
Grace
thinketh
meet
to
proceed
in
,
with
those
whom
you
call
factious
;
and
therefore
there
is
no
controversie
between
you
and
me
,
expressed
in
your
Letter
:
the
controversie
is
passed
in
your
Graces
Letter
in
silence
,
and
so
I
do
satisfie
.
Your
Grace
promised
me
to
deal
,
I
say
only
with
such
as
violated
Order
,
and
to
charge
them
therewith
,
which
I
allow
well
of
.
But
your
Grace
not
charging
them
with
such
faults
,
seeketh
,
by
examination
,
to
urge
them
to
accuse
themselves
;
and
then
,
I
think
,
you
will
punish
them
.
I
think
your
Grace's
proceeding
is
,
I
will
not
say
rigorous
or
captious
,
but
I
think
it
is
scant
charitable
,
&c.
If
I
had
known
the
fault
of
Brown
,
I
might
be
blamed
for
writing
for
him
;
but
when
by
examination
only
it
is
to
sift
him
with
twenty
four
Articles
,
I
have
cause
to
pity
the
poor
man
.
Your
Grace's
as
friendly
as
any
W.
Burghleigh
.
The
Archbishop
writes
a
calm
Letter
in
answer
to
the
Lord
Treasurer's
Letter
,
sending
him
enclosed
therein
certain
Reasons
to
justifie
the
manner
of
his
proceedings
,
praying
his
Lordship
not
to
be
carried
away
,
either
from
the
cause
,
or
from
the
Archbishop
himself
,
upon
unjust
surmises
,
and
clamours
,
lest
he
be
the
occasion
of
that
confusion
which
hereafter
he
would
be
sorry
for
.
Professing
that
in
these
things
he
desired
no
further
defence
,
neither
of
his
Lordship
,
nor
of
any
other
,
than
Justice
and
Law
would
yield
unto
him
.
Sir
Francis
Walsingham
was
a
good
Friend
to
Non-conformists
,
he
wrote
a
Letter
to
the
Archbishop
,
to
qualifie
him
for
a
Semi-Non-conformist
,
one
Mr.
Leverwood
.
Grindal
being
sensible
of
the
Queens
displeasure
,
had
desired
to
resign
his
place
,
and
confine
himself
to
a
yearly
Pension
.
This
place
was
proffered
to
Whitgift
,
but
he
,
in
the
presence
of
the
Queen
,
refused
it
:
yet
what
he
would
not
snatch
,
suddenly
fell
into
his
hands
by
Grindal's
death
,
who
out
of
his
contempt
of
the
world
,
left
not
much
wealth
behind
him
.
That
little
he
had
,
as
it
was
well
gotten
,
was
well
bestowed
in
pious
uses
in
Oxford
and
Cambridge
,
with
the
building
and
endowing
of
a
School
at
St.
Bees
in
Cumberland
,
where
he
was
born
:
yea
he
may
be
held
as
a
Benefactor
to
this
Nation
,
by
bringing
in
Tamarix
first
over
into
England
,
that
Plant
being
very
excellent
in
mollifying
the
hardness
of
the
Spleen
.
Now
Robert
Brown
,
a
Cambridge-man
,
and
young
Student
in
Divinity
(
of
whom
the
Separatists
in
those
dayes
,
and
long
after
,
were
called
Brownists
)
born
in
Rutland-shire
of
an
ancient
Family
,
near
allied
to
the
Lord
Treasurer
Cecil
,
began
,
with
one
Richard
Harison
,
a
Schoolmaster
,
to
vent
their
Opinions
.
They
set
forth
Books
in
Zealand
,
whither
they
travelled
.
Brown
returning
home
,
disperseth
these
Books
all
over
England
.
But
their
Books
were
suppressed
by
the
Queens
Authority
,
confuted
by
Learned
men
;
and
two
of
his
followers
were
executed
one
after
another
at
St.
Edmonds-bury
.
Brown
coming
to
Norwich
,
there
infected
both
Dutch
and
English
,
for
which
he
was
confined
.
The
Lord
Treasurer
writes
a
Letter
to
the
Bishop
of
Norwich
in
his
behalf
.
Brown
being
thus
brought
up
to
London
,
was
wrought
to
some
tolerable
compliance
,
and
being
discharged
by
the
Archbishop
,
was
by
the
Lord
Treasurer
sent
home
to
his
Father
,
Anthony
Brown
,
at
Tolethorp
in
Rutland
Esquire
.
But
,
it
seems
,
Brown's
errors
were
so
inlaid
in
him
,
no
conference
with
Divines
could
convince
him
to
the
contrary
,
whose
incorrigibleness
made
his
own
Father
weary
of
his
company
.
He
,
and
Harison
,
inveighed
against
Bishops
,
Ecclesiastical
Courts
,
Ceremonies
,
Ordination
of
Ministers
,
fancying
here
on
earth
a
platform
of
a
perfect
Church
.
Doctor
Fulk
learnedly
proveth
,
that
the
Brownists
were
,
in
effect
,
the
same
with
the
ancient
Donatists
.
Nicholas
Saunders
(
more
truly
Slanders
)
died
this
year
1583.
being
starved
to
death
among
the
Bogs
and
Mountains
in
Ireland
.
Near
the
same
time
one
John
Lewis
was
burnt
at
Norwich
for
denying
the
Godhead
of
Christ
,
and
holding
other
detestable
Heresies
.
At
this
time
the
Jesuites
set
forth
many
slaunderous
libels
against
her
Majesty
;
one
of
their
principal
Pamphlets
,
was
a
Treatise
of
Schism
.
William
Carter
,
the
Stationer
,
was
executed
at
Tyburn
for
publishing
it
.
Soon
after
five
Seminaries
,
John
Fen
,
George
Haddock
,
John
Munden
,
John
Nutter
,
and
Tho.
Hemmerford
,
were
hanged
,
bowelled
,
and
quartered
for
Treason
at
Tyburn
,
and
many
others
about
the
same
time
executed
in
other
places
.
Yet
at
the
same
time
the
Queen
by
one
Act
of
Grace
pardoned
seventy
Priests
,
some
of
them
actually
condemned
to
die
,
all
legally
deserving
death
.
Among
these
were
,
1.
Gasper
Haywood
,
Son
to
that
eminent
Epigrammatist
,
the
first
Jesuite
that
ever
set
foot
in
England
.
2.
James
Bosgrave
.
3.
John
Hart
a
zealous
disputant
.
4.
Edward
Rushton
,
an
ungrateful
wretch
,
who
afterwards
railed
on
the
Queen
in
Print
,
who
gave
him
his
life
.
In
the
year
1584.
Two
conferences
were
kept
at
Lambeth
,
about
the
Discipline
and
Ceremonies
of
the
Church
.
For
the
same
were
the
Archbishops
of
Canterbury
and
York
,
and
Cooper
,
Bishop
of
Winchester
.
Unconforming
Ministers
against
it
.
The
Lords
of
the
Privy
Council
,
and
some
other
Honorable
persons
,
Auditors
thereof
.
This
conference
effected
nothing
on
the
Disputants
as
to
the
altering
their
Opinions
.
Some
of
the
Lords
afterwards
secretly
acted
against
the
Archbishop
in
favour
of
the
other
party
.
The
Archbishop
now
take's
another
course
,
enjoyning
all
admitted
to
the
Ecclesiastical
Orders
and
Benefices
,
the
subscription
of
the
following
Articles
.
-
I.
That
the
Queen
had
supreme
Authority
over
all
persons
born
within
her
Dominions
,
of
what
condition
soever
they
were
.
And
that
no
other
Prince
,
Prelate
,
or
Potentate
,
hath
,
or
ought
to
have
,
any
Jurisdiction
,
Civil
or
Ecclesiastical
,
within
her
Realms
,
or
Dominions
.
-
II.
That
the
Book
of
Common-Prayer
,
and
the
Ordination
of
Bishops
,
Priests
,
and
Deacons
,
containeth
nothing
contrary
to
the
Word
of
God
,
but
may
lawfully
be
used
;
and
that
they
will
use
that
,
and
none
other
.
-
III.
That
the
Articles
of
Religion
agreed
in
the
Synod
holden
at
London
,
Anno
1562.
and
published
by
the
Queens
Authority
they
did
allow
of
,
and
did
believe
them
to
be
consonant
to
the
word
of
God
.
Now
came
forth
the
Rhemish
Translation
of
the
New
Testament
,
every
where
bespeckled
with
hard
words
,
which
transcend
common
capacities
;
taxed
by
our
Divines
as
full
of
abominable
errors
.
Secretary
Walsingham
soliciteth
Mr.
Thomas
Cartwright
to
undertake
to
refute
this
Rhemish
Translation
;
and
sent
him
an
hundred
pounds
out
of
his
own
purse
,
the
better
to
enable
him
for
the
work
.
Walsingham's
Letters
,
to
Cartwright
,
were
seconded
by
another
from
the
Doctors
and
Heads
of
Houses
(
and
Dr.
Fulk
among
the
rest
)
at
Cambridge
,
besides
the
importunity
of
the
Ministers
of
London
,
and
Suffolk
,
to
the
same
purpose
.
Cartwright
prepares
for
the
work
.
But
Archbishop
Whitgift
having
notice
thereof
,
prohibiteth
his
further
proceeding
therein
.
Cartwright
hereupon
desisted
.
But
some
years
after
,
encouraged
by
an
honourable
Lord
,
he
resumed
the
work
,
but
prevented
by
death
,
he
perfected
no
further
than
the
fifteenth
Chapter
of
the
Revelation
.
Many
years
lay
this
worthy
work
neglected
,
and
the
Copy
thereof
Mouse-eaten
in
part
,
at
last
came
forth
(
though
late
Anno
1618.
a
Book
to
which
the
Rhemists
never
durst
return
the
least
answer
.
But
whilst
Cartwrights
work
lay
retarded
,
Dr.
William
Fulk
,
Master
of
Pembrook-hall
in
Cambridge
,
entred
the
list
against
the
Rhemists
,
and
Judiciously
and
Learnedly
performed
his
undertaking
therein
.
This
year
came
forth
the
Exposition
of
Mr.
Thomas
Rogers
,
on
the
Articles
of
the
Church
of
England
;
not
onely
the
two
extremes
,
Papists
and
Schismaticks
,
but
many
Protestants
of
a
middle
temper
were
offended
thereat
.
Mr.
Rogers
his
restrictive
Comment
,
shut
out
such
from
their
concurrence
with
the
Church
of
England
,
which
the
discreet
laxity
of
the
Text
admitted
thereunto
.
On
November
23.
1585.
The
Parliament
was
begun
and
holden
at
Westminster
,
wherein
the
Statute
against
Jesuites
and
Priests
,
their
departing
out
of
England
,
and
not
returning
thither
,
was
made
,
with
penalty
for
relieving
them
.
A
Convocation
was
kept
in
St.
Pauls
Church
in
London
;
and
from
hence
removed
to
St.
Peter's
in
Westminster
,
where
William
Redman
D.
D.
was
chosen
and
presented
Prolocutor
.
An
Assembly
of
Ministers
met
at
the
same
time
:
but
the
certain
place
of
their
meeting
not
known
,
being
Clandestine
,
Arbitrary
,
and
changeable
,
as
advised
by
their
Conveniences
.
Some
Agents
for
them
were
all
day
at
the
door
of
the
Parliament-house
,
and
some
part
of
the
night
in
the
Chambers
of
Parliament-men
,
effectually
solliciting
their
business
with
them
.
What
impression
was
made
by
the
Agents
of
the
Ministers
,
may
appear
by
an
ensuing
Letter
sent
to
her
Majesty
,
by
Archbishop
Whitgift
,
wherein
he
complaineth
of
several
Bills
that
had
,
the
day
before
the
dating
of
his
Letter
,
passed
in
the
House
of
Commons
,
in
favour
of
the
Non-conformists
,
about
Marrying
at
all
times
in
the
year
,
concerning
Ecclesiastical
Courts
,
and
Episcopal
Visitations
,
which
(
saith
he
)
may
reach
to
the
overthrow
of
Ecclesiastical
Jurisdiction
,
and
study
of
the
Civil
Law
.
But
the
Queen
would
alter
nothing
material
to
Church-government
.
The
Parliament
being
dissolved
,
the
Convocation
ended
the
next
day
after
,
having
effected
nothing
of
moment
,
save
that
in
the
ninth
Session
thereof
John
Hilton
Priest
,
made
a
solemn
Abjuration
of
his
blasphemous
Heresies
.
The
Non-conformists
now
missing
their
mark
,
abated
much
of
their
former
Activity
;
insomuch
as
that
Mr.
Cartwright
began
to
make
by
the
mediation
of
the
Earl
of
Leicester
(
who
now
design'd
to
make
him
Master
of
his
new-built
Hospital
in
Warwick
)
compliance
with
the
Archbishop
,
though
he
not
over-fond
of
his
friendship
,
warily
kept
him
at
distance
,
as
appears
by
the
Earl
of
Leicester's
Letter
to
the
Archbishop
,
in
Cartwright's
behalf
,
and
the
Archbishop's
answer
thereto
.
Now
the
Earl
of
Leicester
went
over
into
the
Low
Countries
,
commanding
a
great
Army
,
with
the
Title
of
General
of
the
Auxiliaries
of
the
Queen
of
England
;
and
the
Non-conformists
lost
their
best
friend
in
Court
.
And
afterwards
the
Archbishop
being
sworn
one
of
the
Privy
Council
,
it
fared
worse
with
them
.
Three
Protestant
Bishops
died
this
year
,
viz.
Richard
Curteys
,
Bishop
of
Chichester
;
Nicholas
Robinson
,
Bishop
of
Bangor
;
and
John
Scory
,
Bishop
of
Hereford
.
The
same
year
also
died
John
Fecknam
,
late
Abbot
of
Westminster
.
The
Jesuites
began
now
to
possess
their
English
Proselites
,
with
high
Opinions
of
the
Spanish
power
,
as
the
Nation
designed
by
God's
providence
to
work
their
restitution
in
England
:
and
they
sent
into
England
(
as
Pasquier
saith
)
one
Samier
,
a
man
of
their
Society
,
to
draw
Noblemen
,
and
Gentlemen
to
the
Spaniards
party
,
and
to
thrust
forward
the
Queen
of
Scots
to
dangerous
practices
,
by
telling
her
,
That
if
she
were
refractory
,
neither
She
nor
her
Son
should
Reign
:
and
by
exciting
the
Guises
her
kinsmen
to
new
stirs
,
against
the
King
of
Navar
and
the
Prince
of
Conde
,
that
they
might
not
be
able
to
ayd
her
.
In
the
year
1586.
a
firm
League
of
Amity
was
concluded
and
ratified
betwixt
the
Queen
of
England
and
James
King
of
Scotland
.
A
dangerous
conspiracy
against
the
Queen
of
England
(
begun
by
John
Savage
,
but
prosecuted
by
Anthony
Babington
and
others
)
was
discovered
.
The
chief
discover
of
this
Conspiracy
was
one
Gifford
,
a
Gentleman
of
a
good
house
at
Chellington
in
Stafford-shire
,
not
far
from
Chartley
,
where
the
Queen
of
Scots
was
kept
prisoner
.
He
was
sent
by
the
English
fugitives
in
France
,
under
the
counterfit
name
of
Luson
,
to
put
Savage
in
mind
of
the
vow
which
he
had
made
,
to
kill
Queen
Elizabeth
,
and
to
convey
Letters
between
them
and
the
Queen
of
Scots
.
Gifford
revealed
the
plot
to
Secretary
Walsingham
,
who
sent
him
down
into
Stafford-shire
to
do
the
work
he
had
undertaken
.
Here
Gifford
bribing
the
Brewer
of
the
house
where
the
Queen
of
Scots
lay
,
so
contrived
the
matter
with
him
,
that
by
a
hole
in
the
wall
,
in
which
a
loose
stone
was
put
,
he
should
give
in
,
and
receive
forth
Letters
,
the
which
,
by
Messengers
purposely
laid
by
the
way
,
came
ever
to
Walsingham's
hands
,
who
broke
them
open
,
copied
them
out
,
and
by
the
cunning
of
Thomas
Philips
,
found
out
the
meaning
of
the
private
Cyphers
:
and
by
the
Art
of
Arthur
Gregory
sealed
them
up
again
,
so
neatly
,
that
no
man
could
have
imagined
them
to
be
opened
,
and
ever
sent
them
to
the
parties
to
whom
the
superscription
directed
them
.
In
like
manner
were
the
former
Letters
from
the
Queen
of
Scots
to
Babington
intercepted
;
as
also
other
Letters
written
at
the
same
time
to
Mendoza
the
Spanish
Ambassador
,
Charles
Paget
,
the
Lord
Paget
,
the
Archbishop
of
Glasco
,
and
Francis
Englefied
.
Then
Ballard
was
apprehended
.
Babington
seeks
to
escape
,
and
is
taken
.
The
Queen
of
Scots
hath
her
Closets
broken
open
,
and
her
Boxes
searched
.
Fourteen
of
the
Conspirators
were
Arraigned
,
Condemned
of
High-treason
and
executed
.
Afterwards
in
the
Star-chamber
sentence
was
pronounced
against
the
Queen
of
Scots
.
And
in
a
Parliament
presently
following
,
the
Lords
petition
the
Queen
,
that
the
sentence
passed
against
her
may
presently
be
promulged
.
The
King
of
Scots
and
the
King
of
France
sollicit
for
her
life
.
But
when
this
would
not
prevail
,
L'
Aubespine
,
the
French
Ambassador
thinks
no
way
so
effectual
,
for
saving
the
Queen
of
Scots
life
,
as
to
take
away
the
life
of
Queen
Elizabeth
.
The
plot
was
discovered
.
And
at
length
the
Sentence
against
the
Queen
of
Scots
was
put
in
execution
,
and
she
ended
her
doleful
life
at
Fothringhay
Castle
.
She
was
buried
in
the
Quire
of
Peterborough
,
and
Doctor
Wickham
Bishop
of
Lincoln
Preached
her
Funeral-sermon
.
Some
twenty
yaars
after
King
James
caused
her
Corps
to
be
solemnly
removed
from
Peterborough
to
Westminster
,
where
in
the
South-side
of
the
Chappel
of
King
Henry
the
Seventh
,
he
erected
a
stately
Monument
to
her
Memory
.
The
Earl
of
Leicester
having
raised
great
offence
,
is
called
home
again
into
England
by
the
Queen
,
giveth
over
his
Government
,
and
the
free
Administation
of
his
Government
is
left
to
the
States
.
Now
Conformity
was
pressed
to
the
height
.
Fuller
.
Church
Hist.
in
An.
1587.
The
power
of
the
High
Commission
began
to
extend
far
,
and
penalties
to
fall
heavy
on
offenders
:
whereupon
the
favourers
of
Non-conformists
much
opposed
it
in
their
Printed
Books
;
some
questioning
the
Court
as
not
warranted
by
Law
;
others
taxing
their
proceedings
,
as
exceeding
their
Commission
.
But
the
most
general
exception
against
the
High
Commission
was
this
,
That
proceeding
,
Ex
Officio
mero
,
by
way
of
enquiry
against
such
whom
they
suspected
,
they
tendred
unto
them
an
Oath
,
which
was
conceived
unjust
,
that
in
cases
criminal
a
party
should
be
forced
to
discover
what
might
be
penal
to
himself
.
The
lawfulness
of
which
Oath
was
learnedly
canvassed
with
arguments
on
both
sides
.
Because
many
did
question
the
Legality
and
Authority
of
the
High
Commission
,
Archbishop
Whitgift
so
contrived
the
matter
,
that
the
most
sturdy
Non-conformists
(
especially
if
they
had
any
visible
Estates
)
were
brought
into
the
Star-chamber
,
the
power
whereof
was
above
dispute
;
where
some
of
them
besides
imprisonment
,
had
very
heavy
fines
imposed
on
them
.
And
because
most
of
the
Queens
Council
were
present
at
the
Censures
,
this
took
off
the
odium
from
the
Archbishop
.
This
year
died
Mr.
John
Fox
,
the
Industrious
compiler
of
the
Acts
and
Monuments
of
the
Church
,
and
was
buried
at
St.
Giles
near
Cripplegate
in
London
.
It
is
said
he
foretold
the
destruction
of
the
Invincible
(
so
called
)
Spanish
Armado
,
in
the
year
1588.
which
came
so
to
pass
though
he
survived
not
to
see
the
performance
of
his
own
prediction
.
Camd
Brit.
in
Kent
.
About
this
time
Mr.
William
Lambert
finished
his
Hospital
at
Greenwich
,
founded
and
endowed
by
him
for
poor
people
.
He
was
the
first
Protestant
who
erected
a
charitable
house
of
that
nature
,
saith
Camden
:
But
King
Edward
the
Sixth
,
founded
Christ-church
and
St.
Thomas
Hospital
.
Now
the
sticklers
against
the
Hierarchy
appeared
more
vigorous
,
though
for
a
time
they
had
concealed
themselves
.
The
Parliament
now
sitting
at
Westminster
,
the
House
of
Commons
presented
to
the
Lords
a
petition
,
complaining
how
many
Parishes
,
especially
in
the
North
of
England
and
Wales
,
were
destitute
of
Preachers
,
and
no
care
taken
to
supply
them
.
Sixteen
were
the
particulars
,
whereof
the
six
first
were
against
in
sufficient
Ministers
.
Of
all
the
particulars
the
House
fell
most
fiercely
on
the
debate
of
pluralities
,
and
Non-residents
.
The
Arch-bishop
pleads
for
Non-residency
in
divers
cases
.
He
affirmed
(
whatever
was
pretended
to
the
contrary
)
that
England
then
flourished
with
able
Ministers
,
more
than
ever
before
,
yea
had
more
than
all
Christendom
besides
.
The
Lord
Grey
rejoyned
to
this
Assertion
,
saying
,
That
England
had
more
able
Ministers
than
all
the
Churches
in
Christendom
,
was
onely
to
be
attributed
to
God
,
who
now
opened
the
hearts
of
many
to
see
into
the
truth
,
and
that
the
Schools
were
better
observed
.
The
Lord
Treasurer
seemed
to
moderate
betwixt
them
.
Matters
flying
thus
high
,
the
Archbishop
with
the
rest
of
the
Clergy
Petition
the
Queen
:
To
the
Petition
were
annexed
a
Catalogue
of
those
inconveniences
to
the
State
present
,
State
to
come
,
Cathedral
Churches
,
Universities
,
to
her
Majesty
,
to
Religion
,
in
case
pluralities
were
taken
away
.
Nothing
was
effected
in
relation
to
this
matter
,
but
things
left
,
in
statu
quo
prius
,
at
the
dissolution
of
this
Parliament
.
This
year
died
Richard
Barnes
Bishop
of
Durham
.
In
the
year
1588.
when
there
was
a
Treaty
of
Peace
between
England
and
Spain
,
out
cometh
their
Invincible
Navy
and
Army
,
perfectly
appointed
for
both
Elements
,
Land
and
Water
,
to
Sayl
and
March
compleat
in
all
Warlike
Equipage
:
but
that
great
Fleet
was
wonderfully
defeated
by
the
English
,
and
dissipated
by
stormy
Winds
:
and
many
of
the
Spaniards
were
Barbarously
butchered
by
the
Irish
.
For
the
happy
success
of
this
action
Queen
Elizabeth
appointed
Prayers
and
Thanksgivings
over
all
the
Churches
in
England
:
and
she
with
a
great
Train
of
the
Nobility
came
into
St.
Pauls
Church
,
(
where
the
Banners
taken
from
the
Enemy
were
placed
in
view
)
and
there
in
most
humble
manner
gave
thanks
to
Almighty
God
the
giver
of
all
Victory
.
About
this
time
many
Papists
were
committed
to
custody
in
Wisbych
Castle
.
At
this
time
many
Libels
flew
abroad
,
thus
named
.
-
1.
The
Epitome
.
-
2.
The
Demonstration
of
Discipline
.
-
3.
The
Supplication
.
-
4.
Diotrephes
.
-
5.
The
Minerals
.
-
6.
Have
ye
any
work
for
the
Cooper
.
-
7.
More
work
for
the
Cooper
.
-
8.
Martin
Senior
Mar-prelate
.
-
9.
Martin
Junior
Mar-prelate
.
The
main
drift
of
these
Pamphlets
was
to
defame
the
English
Prelates
,
scoffing
at
them
for
their
Garb
,
Gate
,
Apparel
,
Vanities
of
their
Youth
,
natural
Defects
,
and
personal
Infirmities
.
It
is
strange
how
secretly
they
were
Printed
,
how
speedily
Dispersed
,
how
generally
Bought
,
how
greedily
Read
,
how
firmly
Believed
,
especially
of
the
Common
sort
.
Some
precise
men
of
that
side
,
thought
these
jeering
pens
well
employed
:
but
these
Books
were
disclaimed
by
the
more
descreet
and
devoutsort
of
men
.
And
how
highly
the
State
distasted
these
Books
,
will
appear
,
by
the
heavy
censures
inflicted
on
such
as
were
but
accessary
thereunto
.
To
pass
by
John
Vdal
and
John
Penry
Ministers
accused
for
making
some
of
them
,
together
with
the
Printers
,
and
Humfry
Newman
a
Cobler
,
chief
disperser
of
them
.
The
Star-chamber
deeply
fined
Sir
Richard
Knightly
,
and
Sir
_____
Wigston
,
for
entertaining
and
receiving
the
press
Gentlemen
.
But
upon
their
submission
they
had
their
liberty
,
and
were
eased
of
their
fines
.
A
Synod
of
the
Presbyterians
of
the
Warwick-shire
Classis
was
called
at
Coventry
,
wherein
the
questions
brought
the
last
year
from
the
Brethren
of
Cambridge-Synod
,
were
thus
resolved
.
-
Bp.
Bancroft's
Book
,
called
,
Englands
Scotizing
for
Discipline
by
practice
.
I.
That
private
Baptism
was
unlawful
.
-
II.
That
it
is
not
lawful
to
read
Homiles
in
the
Church
.
-
III.
That
the
sign
of
the
cross
is
not
to
be
used
in
Baptism
.
-
IV.
That
the
faithful
ought
not
to
communicate
with
unlearned
Ministers
,
although
they
may
be
present
at
their
service
,
&c.
-
V.
That
the
calling
of
Bishops
is
unlawful
.
-
VI.
That
as
they
deal
in
Causes
Ecclesiastical
,
there
is
no
duty
belonging
unto
,
nor
any
publickly
to
be
given
them
.
-
VII
.
That
it
is
not
lawful
to
be
Ordained
Ministers
by
them
,
or
to
denounce
either
Suspensions
,
or
Excommunications
sent
from
them
.
-
VIII
.
That
it
is
not
lawful
to
rest
in
the
Bishop's
deprivation
of
any
from
the
Ministry
,
&c.
-
IX
.
That
it
is
not
lawful
to
appear
in
a
Bishop's
Court
,
but
with
protestation
of
their
unlawfulness
.
-
X.
That
Bishops
are
not
to
be
acknowledged
either
for
Doctors
,
Elders
,
or
Deacons
,
as
having
no
ordinary
calling
.
-
XI
.
That
touching
the
restauration
of
their
Ecclesiastical
Discipline
,
it
ought
to
be
taught
to
the
people
as
occasion
shall
serve
.
-
XII
.
That
(
as
yet
)
the
people
are
not
to
be
solicited
(
publickly
)
to
the
practice
of
the
Discipline
,
(
till
)
they
be
better
instructed
in
the
knowledge
of
it
.
-
XIII
.
That
men
of
better
understanding
are
to
be
allured
privately
to
the
present
embracing
of
the
discipline
,
and
practice
of
it
,
as
far
as
they
shall
be
well
able
,
with
the
peace
of
the
Church
.
Likewise
in
the
same
Assembly
,
the
aforesaid
Book
of
Discipline
was
approved
to
be
a
draught
essential
and
necessary
for
all
times
.
And
certain
Articles
(
devised
in
approbation
,
and
for
the
manner
of
the
use
thereof
)
were
brought
forth
,
treated
of
,
and
subscribed
unto
by
Master
Cartwright
and
others
,
and
afterwards
tendred
far
and
near
to
the
several
Classes
for
a
general
ratification
of
all
the
brethren
.
After
a
solemn
humiliation
of
the
Ministers
at
Northampton
,
one
Mr.
Johnson
,
formerly
a
Non-conformist
,
but
afterwards
falling
from
that
side
,
discovered
many
passages
to
their
disadvantage
in
the
High-commission
Court
.
Watson
.
Quod●ibus
.
This
year
also
the
Popish
Clergy
set
forth
a
Book
,
called
the
Admonition
,
d●spersed
among
the
Papists
,
and
much
cried
up
.
But
the
Spanish
Navy
presently
miscarying
after
it's
publishing
,
Parsons
procured
the
whole
impression
to
be
burnt
(
save
some
few
sent
abroad
aforehand
to
his
friends
)
that
it
might
not
remain
a
monument
of
their
falshood
.
This
year
died
Edwyn
Sandys
,
Archbishop
of
York
,
an
excellent
Preacher
,
and
of
a
pious
Life
:
and
Dr.
Laurence
Humfrey
,
President
of
Magdalen
Colledge
.
On
September
1.
1596.
Mr.
Cartwright
was
brought
before
the
Queen's
Commissioners
,
there
to
take
his
Oath
,
and
give
in
his
positive
answer
to
divers
Articles
objected
against
him
.
The
Articles
were
tendred
to
him
in
the
Consistory
of
St.
Paul's
before
John
Elmar
Bishop
of
London
,
the
two
Lord
Chief
Justices
,
Justice
Gawdy
,
Serjeant
Puckering
,
(
afterward
Lord
Keeper
)
and
Attorney
General
Popham
.
The
Commissioners
assured
him
on
their
credits
,
that
by
the
Laws
of
the
Realm
he
was
to
take
his
Oath
,
and
to
answer
as
he
was
required
.
But
Mr.
Cartwright
pleaded
,
That
he
thought
he
was
not
bound
by
the
Laws
of
God
so
to
do
.
Hereupon
he
was
sent
to
the
Fleet
unto
the
rest
of
his
Brethren
.
Now
the
main
pillars
of
the
Presbyterian
party
,
being
some
in
Prison
,
more
in
Trouble
,
all
in
Fear
,
applied
themselves
by
their
secret
solicitors
to
James
King
of
Scotland
,
and
procured
his
Letter
to
the
Queen
in
their
behalf
.
But
this
Letter
prevailed
little
.
But
Archbishop
Whitgift
,
on
Mr.
Cartwright's
general
promise
to
be
quiet
,
procured
his
dismission
out
of
the
Star-chamber
and
prison
wherein
he
was
confined
.
And
henceforward
Mr.
Cartwright
became
very
peaceable
.
Then
one
Hacket
,
born
at
Owndle
in
Northampton-shire
undertook
to
be
a
discoverer
of
,
and
Informer
against
Recusants
,
a
confident
Fellow
,
one
that
was
great
with
Wigginton
and
that
Faction
.
Always
Inculcating
,
that
some
extraordinary
course
must
be
presently
taken
with
the
obstructors
of
the
Genevian
discipline
.
Once
he
desperatley
took
his
dagger
,
and
violently
struck
it
into
the
picture
of
the
Queen
.
He
pretended
also
Revelations
,
Immediate
Raptures
,
and
Discourses
with
God
,
as
also
to
Buffetings
of
Satan
,
attesting
the
truth
thereof
with
most
direful
Oathes
and
Execrations
.
He
raised
also
against
Archbishop
Whitgift
,
and
Chancellor
Hatton
,
with
other
privy
Counsellors
,
pretending
himself
sent
from
Heaven
to
reform
Church
and
State
.
He
gave
it
out
,
that
the
principal
Spirit
of
the
Messias
rested
in
him
,
and
had
two
Attendants
.
Edmond
Coppinger
(
the
Queen's
Servant
,
and
one
of
good
descent
)
for
his
Prophet
of
Mercy
.
And
Henry
Arthington
,
a
York-shire
Gentleman
,
for
his
Prophet
of
Judgment
.
These
Proclaimed
in
Cheap-side
,
That
Christ
was
come
in
Hacket
,
with
his
fan
in
his
hand
,
to
purge
the
godly
from
the
wicked
,
&c.
They
cried
Repent
,
Repent
,
&c.
The
next
day
all
three
were
sent
to
Bridewel
.
Hacket
was
arraigned
,
drawn
,
hanged
,
and
quartered
,
continuing
even
at
his
death
his
blasphemous
assertions
.
Coppinger
starved
himself
to
death
in
prison
,
Arthington
made
his
Recantation
in
a
publick
writing
,
and
became
the
object
of
the
Queen's
mercy
.
This
accident
was
unhappily
improved
against
the
Non-conformists
,
and
rendred
them
so
hated
at
Court
,
that
for
many
months
together
,
no
favourite
durst
present
a
petition
in
their
behalf
to
the
Queen
,
being
loth
to
lose
himself
to
save
others
.
Fuller
.
Church
Hist.
Cent.
16.
l.
9.
The
same
day
wherein
Hacket
was
executed
,
Mr.
Stone
,
Parson
of
Warkton
in
Northampton-shire
,
by
vertue
of
an
Oath
tendred
him
the
day
before
by
the
Queen's
Attorney
,
and
solemnly
taken
by
him
,
was
examined
by
the
Examiner
for
the
Star-chamber
in
Grays
Inn
,
from
six
a
clock
in
the
morning
untill
seven
at
night
,
to
answer
unto
thirty
three
Articles
,
but
could
onely
effectually
depose
to
some
of
them
:
but
by
his
confession
he
discovereth
the
meetings
of
the
Brethren
,
with
the
circumstances
thereof
,
the
Classes
more
formally
setled
in
Northampton-shire
,
than
any
where
else
in
England
.
When
the
news
of
Mr.
Stone
's
answer
was
brought
abroad
,
he
was
generally
censured
by
most
of
his
party
:
So
that
he
found
it
necessary
,
in
his
own
vindication
,
to
impart
the
reasons
of
his
Confession
to
such
as
condemned
him
,
if
not
for
a
Traitor
,
at
least
for
a
coward
in
the
cause
.
What
satisfaction
this
gave
to
his
party
I
know
not
.
Certainly
the
Bishop
till
his
dying
day
beheld
him
as
an
ingenuous
man
,
carrying
his
conscience
with
the
reason
thereof
in
his
own
breast
.
He
was
permitted
peaceably
to
possess
his
Parsonage
(
being
none
of
the
meanest
)
though
he
continued
a
stiff
Non-conformist
,
onely
quietly
enjoying
his
own
opinion
.
He
died
an
old
man
at
Warkton
,
Anno
1617.
Stone
's
discovery
marred
for
the
future
all
their
formal
meetings
,
as
Classically
or
Synodically
methodized
.
Then
began
the
foundation
of
an
University
in
Dublin
in
Ireland
.
Henry
Vsher
,
then
Archdeacon
of
Dublin
(
afterwards
Archbishop
of
Armagh
,
and
Unckle
to
James
Vsher
late
Archbishop
thereof
)
took
a
journey
into
England
,
and
procured
the
Mortmain
from
Queen
Elizabeth
,
who
graciously
granted
it
,
naming
the
corporation
,
Collegium
Sanctae
ac
Individuae
Trinitatis
,
ex
fundatione
Reginae
Elizibethae
,
juxta
Dublin
.
The
Lord
Burgley
is
appointed
first
Chancellor
of
the
University
.
Sir
William
Fitz-Williams
,
Lord
Debuty
of
Ireland
,
issued
out
his
Letters
to
all
the
Counties
in
Ireland
to
advance
so
good
a
design
.
The
Irish
Papists
were
very
bountiful
thereunto
.
The
Mayor
and
Aldermen
of
Dublin
:
Sir
Warham
St.
Leger
,
Sir
Francis
Shane
,
Robert
D'eureux
Earl
of
Essex
,
afterwards
Lord
Lieutenant
of
Ireland
,
and
second
Chancellor
of
this
University
,
were
Benefactors
to
it
.
King
James
confirmed
the
revenues
of
this
Colledge
in
perpetuum
,
endowing
it
with
good
Lands
in
the
Province
of
Vlster
.
Adam
Loftus
,
Archbishop
of
Dublin
,
and
Chancellor
of
Ireland
,
was
the
first
Master
of
the
Colledge
.
Mr.
Luke
Chaloner
received
and
disbursed
the
moneys
,
had
the
oversight
of
the
Fabrick
,
which
he
faithfully
procured
to
be
finished
.
The
first
stone
in
this
foundation
was
laid
,
March
13.
1591.
and
in
the
year
1593.
Scholars
were
first
admitted
:
and
the
first
of
them
James
Vsher
,
since
Bishop
of
Armagh
,
that
mirrour
of
Learning
and
Religion
.
Now
began
a
sad
contest
betwixt
Mr.
Richard
Hooker
,
Master
,
and
Mr.
Walter
Travers
,
Lecturer
of
the
Temple
.
Hooker
was
born
in
Devonshire
,
bred
in
Oxford
,
Fellow
of
Corpus
Christi
Colledge
:
one
of
a
solid
Judgment
,
and
great
Reading
.
A
great
defender
both
by
Preaching
and
Writing
of
the
Discipline
of
the
Church
of
England
,
yet
never
got
(
nor
cared
to
get
)
any
eminent
dignity
therein
.
Mr.
Travers
was
bred
up
in
Trinity
Colledge
in
Cambridge
.
Travers
travelling
to
Geneva
,
contracted
familiarity
with
Beza
,
and
other
forreign
Divines
.
Then
returned
He
,
and
commenced
Batchelor
of
Divinity
in
Cambridge
,
and
after
that
went
beyond
Sea
again
,
and
at
Antwerp
was
ordained
Minister
by
the
Presbytery
there
,
where
he
continued
some
years
and
Preached
(
with
Mr.
Cartwright
)
unto
the
English
Factory
of
Merchants
,
untill
at
last
he
came
over
into
England
,
and
for
seven
years
together
became
Lecturer
in
the
Temple
(
refusing
all
presentative
preferment
to
decline
subscription
)
and
lived
Domestick
Chaplain
in
the
house
of
the
Lord
Treasurer
Cecil
,
being
Tutor
for
a
time
to
Robert
,
his
Son
,
afterwards
Earl
of
Sarisbury
.
Yea
now
so
great
grew
the
credit
of
Mr.
Travers
,
that
(
by
the
advice
of
Mr.
Andrew
Melvin
)
he
and
Mr.
Cartwright
were
solemnly
sent
for
,
to
be
Divinity-professors
in
the
University
of
St.
Andrews
.
This
proffer
being
joyntly
refused
,
Travers
quietly
continued
Lecturer
in
the
Temple
,
till
Mr.
Hooker
became
the
Master
thereof
.
Mr.
Hooker's
voice
was
low
,
stature
little
,
gesture
none
at
all
,
standing
still
in
the
Pulpit
.
His
stile
was
long
and
pithy
,
so
that
when
the
copiousness
of
his
stile
met
not
with
proportionable
capacity
in
his
Auditors
,
it
was
unjustly
censured
for
tedious
and
obscure
.
His
Sermons
were
for
the
most
part
on
Controversies
,
and
deep
points
of
School-divinity
.
Mr.
Travers
his
utterance
was
graceful
,
gesture
plausible
,
matter
profitable
,
and
method
plain
.
But
these
two
Preachers
acted
with
different
Principles
,
and
clashed
one
against
another
:
so
that
what
Mr.
Hooker
delivered
in
the
Fore-noon
,
Mr.
Travers
confuted
in
the
After-noon
.
Here
Archbishop
Whitgift
interposed
his
power
,
and
silenced
Travers
from
Preaching
in
the
Temple
or
any
where
else
;
Travers
Petitions
the
Lords
of
the
Council
:
his
Petition
is
publickly
extant
in
Print
,
with
Master
Hoooker's
answer
thereunto
.
But
Mr.
Travers
,
notwithstanding
his
friends
at
Court
,
was
over-born
by
the
Archbishop
.
Adam
Loftus
,
Archbishop
of
Dublin
,
and
Chancellor
of
Ireland
,
invited
him
over
to
be
Provost
of
Trinity
Colledge
in
Dublin
.
Embracing
the
motion
,
he
accepted
the
place
,
and
continued
some
years
therein
,
till
for
fear
of
their
Civil
Wars
he
returned
into
England
,
and
lived
here
many
years
after
very
obscurely
.
In
the
year
1592.
In
London
more
than
ten
thousand
died
of
the
Plague
,
and
among
them
Reverend
Mr.
Richard
Greenham
.
He
was
one
that
always
bitterly
inveighed
against
Non-residents
,
he
ended
his
days
at
Christ
Church
in
London
.
Mr.
Vdal
was
indicted
,
and
arraigned
at
Croidon
,
for
defaming
the
Queen
her
Government
,
in
a
Book
by
him
written
and
entitled
,
A
Demonstration
of
the
Discipline
which
Christ
hath
prescribed
in
his
Word
for
the
Government
of
his
Church
in
all
times
and
places
unto
the
World's
end
.
But
the
mortal
words
(
as
they
may
be
termed
)
are
in
the
Preface
of
the
Book
,
written
,
To
the
supposed
Governours
of
the
Church
of
England
,
Archbishops
,
Bishops
,
&c.
and
are
inserted
in
the
Body
of
his
indictment
.
To
this
Indictment
he
pleaded
Not
guilty
,
denying
himself
to
be
the
Author
of
the
Book
.
Next
day
he
was
cast
by
the
Jury
,
but
was
remanded
to
the
Marshalsey
;
March
following
he
was
brought
again
to
the
bar
before
the
Judges
,
to
whom
he
had
privatelp
presented
a
Petition
with
all
advantage
,
but
it
found
no
entertainment
,
insomuch
that
in
this
moneth
of
March
,
he
at
the
Assizes
held
in
Southwark
,
was
there
condemned
to
be
executed
for
a
Felon
.
Various
were
mens
Censures
on
these
proceedings
against
him
.
The
proof
was
not
pregnant
(
saith
Mr.
Fuller
)
and
it
is
generally
believed
,
that
he
made
onely
the
Preface
,
out
of
which
his
indictment
was
chiefly
framed
)
and
not
the
body
of
the
Book
laid
to
his
charge
.
But
without
any
other
sickness
,
save
heart-broken
with
sorrow
,
he
died
peaceably
in
his
bed
.
The
Ministers
of
London
flocked
to
his
Funeral
,
and
he
was
decently
interred
in
the
Church-yard
of
St.
George
in
Southwark
,
not
far
from
Bishop
Bonner's
grave
.
He
was
Father
to
Ephraim
Vdal
,
a
pious
and
solid
Divine
,
but
in
point
of
Discipline
differing
in
Opinion
from
his
Father
.
Anno
1593.
Henry
Barrow
Gentleman
,
and
John
Greemood
Clerk
,
were
condemned
,
and
executed
at
Tyburn
,
for
writing
certain
Seditious
Pamphlets
.
And
not
long
after
,
John
Penry
,
a
Welch-man
,
was
arraigned
and
condemned
of
Felony
,
at
the
King's
Bench
Bar
,
for
being
a
principal
penner
,
and
publisher
of
a
Libellous
Book
,
called
Martin-mar-prelate
,
and
executed
at
St.
Thomas
Waterings
.
Sir
John
Haringt
.
addit
.
supply
to
Bish.
Godwin
.
p.
134.
This
year
Queen
Elizabeth
took
her
last
farewel
of
Oxford
,
where
a
Divinity-Act
was
kept
for
her
.
Next
day
her
Highness
made
a
Latin
Oration
to
the
Heads
of
Houses
,
in
which
she
gave
a
check
to
Dr.
Rainolds
for
his
Non-conformity
.
The
same
year
died
John
Piers
,
Archbishop
of
York
,
highly
esteemed
by
Queen
Elizabeth
:
,
whose
Almoner
he
was
many
years
;
and
John
Elmar
,
Bishop
of
London
.
He
was
one
of
a
low
stature
,
but
stout
spirit
,
a
witty
man
,
a
stiff-champion
of
the
Church-discipline
,
on
which
account
none
was
more
mocked
by
Ma
tin-mar-prelat
,
or
hated
by
Non-conformists
.
Of
the
Papists
died
,
Anno
1594.
two
principal
pillars
beyond
the
Seas
:
first
William
Rose
,
bred
in
Winchester-school
,
then
in
New-colledge
in
Oxford
.
He
went
to
Rome
,
and
there
solemnly
abjured
the
Protestant
Religion
:
from
Rome
he
removed
to
Rhemes
in
France
,
where
he
became
Professor
of
Divinity
and
Hebrew
in
the
English
Colledge
:
He
died
at
Antwerp
in
the
fiftieth
year
of
his
Age
,
as
he
was
making
a
Book
,
called
Calvino-Turcismus
,
which
after
by
his
dear
friend
,
William
Gifford
,
was
finished
,
set
forth
,
and
dedicated
to
Albert
Duke
of
Austria
.
Cardinal
William
Allen
died
also
the
same
year
.
The
King
of
Spain
bestowed
on
him
an
Abbey
in
the
Kingdom
of
Naples
,
and
nominated
him
to
be
Archbishop
of
Machlin
:
but
he
died
,
Pitraeus
de
illustr.
Angl.
script
.
p.
793.
and
was
buried
in
the
Church
of
the
English
Colledge
at
Rome
.
His
loss
was
much
lamented
by
the
Catholicks
:
for
he
had
done
many
good
offices
in
composing
the
grudgings
which
began
to
grow
between
the
Secular
Priests
and
Jesuites
.
Untill
this
time
the
prime
Catholicks
in
Wisbich
Castle
,
had
lived
there
in
restraint
,
with
great
concord
.
And
the
Papists
do
brag
,
that
then
and
there
the
English
Church
was
most
visible
,
untill
one
Father
Weston
,
a
Jesuite
coming
thither
,
erected
a
Government
among
them
,
making
certain
Sanctions
and
Orders
,
which
all
were
bound
to
observe
,
claiming
a
superiority
over
all
the
Catholicks
there
.
Besides
those
of
his
own
society
,
many
of
the
Secular
Priests
submitted
unto
him
,
though
the
greatest
number
and
Learned
sort
of
the
Secular
Priests
resisted
his
superiority
.
If
any
Order
might
pretend
to
this
Priority
,
it
was
most
proper
for
the
Benedictines
,
extant
in
England
above
a
thousand
years
ago
:
one
might
admire
why
Father
Weston
should
so
earnestly
desire
so
silly
a
Dominion
,
having
his
power
,
as
well
as
his
own
person
confined
within
the
walls
of
Wisbich
Castle
.
Anno
1595.
Began
throughout
England
the
more
solem
and
strict
observation
of
the
Lord's
day
,
occasioned
by
a
Book
then
set
forth
by
P.
Bound
.
D.
D.
and
enlarged
with
additions
.
Anno
1606.
Hereupon
the
Lord's
day
(
especially
in
Corporations
)
began
to
be
precisely
kept
,
people
forbearing
such
sports
as
yet
by
Statute
permitted
;
yet
Learned
men
were
much
divided
in
their
Judgments
about
the
Sabbatarian
Doctrines
.
The
first
that
publickly
opposed
Dr.
Bounds
Opinions
,
was
Mr.
Thomas
Rogers
of
Horninger
in
Suffolk
,
in
his
Preface
to
the
Book
of
Articles
:
yet
notwithstanding
were
these
Sabbatarian
Doctrines
published
more
generally
than
before
.
The
price
of
the
Doctor
's
Book
began
to
be
doubled
,
as
commonly
Books
are
then
most
called
on
,
when
called
in
.
Yea
six
years
after
Bounds
book
came
forth
,
with
enlargements
publickly
sould
.
Now
also
began
some
Opinions
about
Predestination
,
Free-will
,
Perseverance
,
which
much
troubled
the
Schools
and
Pulpit
.
Wherein
Archbishop
Whitgift
caused
a
solemn
meeting
of
many
Learned
Divines
at
Lambeth
,
where
(
besides
the
Archbishop
)
Richard
Bancroft
,
Bishop
of
London
;
Richard
Vaughan
,
Bishop
of
Bangor
;
Humfrey
Tyndal
,
Bishop
of
Ely
;
Dr.
Whitaker
,
Queen's
Professor
in
Cambridge
,
and
others
were
assembled
.
These
after
a
serious
debate
,
resolved
on
the
now
following
Articles
.
-
Fuller
.
Church
Hist.
An.
1595.
I.
God
from
eternity
hath
Predestinated
certain
men
unto
life
,
&c.
-
II.
The
moving
cause
of
Predestination
unto
life
,
is
not
Faith
and
good
Works
foreseen
,
&c.
but
onely
the
good
will
and
pleasure
of
God
.
-
III.
There
is
predetermined
a
certain
number
of
the
predestinate
,
&c.
-
IV.
Those
who
are
not
predestinated
to
Salvation
,
shall
be
necessarily
damned
for
their
sins
.
-
V.
A
true
,
living
,
justifying
Faith
,
&c.
is
not
extinguished
,
vanisheth
not
away
in
the
elect
either
finally
or
totally
.
-
VI.
A
man
truly
faithful
,
i.
e.
such
a
one
who
is
endued
with
justifying
Faith
,
is
certain
with
the
full
assurance
of
Faith
of
the
Remission
of
his
sins
,
and
of
his
everlasting
Salvation
by
Christ
.
-
VII
.
Saving
Grace
is
not
given
,
granted
,
communicated
to
all
men
,
by
which
they
may
be
saved
if
they
will
.
-
VIII
.
No
man
can
come
unto
Christ
,
Vnless
it
shall
be
givenll
unto
him
,
and
unless
the
Father
shall
draw
him
.
And
as
men
are
not
drawn
by
the
Father
,
that
they
may
come
to
the
Son
.
-
IX
.
It
is
not
in
the
will
or
power
of
every
one
to
be
saved
.
Matthew
Hutton
,
Archbishop
of
York
,
did
also
fully
and
freely
in
his
judgement
concur
with
those
Divines
,
as
appeareth
by
a
Letter
of
his
sent
to
a
most
Reverend
Prelate
.
Mountague
in
his
Appeal
.
p.
55.56
,
71
,
72.
When
these
Articles
came
abroad
into
the
World
,
some
had
an
high
Opinion
of
them
;
others
valued
them
at
a
low
rate
.
Some
flatly
condemned
both
the
Articles
and
the
Authors
of
them
.
One
affirmeth
,
that
these
Articles
were
forbidden
by
publick
Authority
,
but
when
,
where
,
and
by
whom
,
he
saith
nothing
.
Forreign
Divines
raised
,
or
decryed
,
the
esteem
of
these
Articles
just
as
they
were
biassed
in
judgment
.
Some
Printed
,
set
forth
,
and
cited
them
,
as
the
sence
of
the
Church
of
England
;
others
as
fast
slighted
them
as
the
narrow
positions
of
a
few
private
and
partial
persons
.
Although
those
Learned
Divines
be
not
acknowledged
as
competent
Judges
to
pass
definitive
sentence
in
those
points
,
yet
their
testimony
is
an
infallible
evidence
,
what
was
the
general
and
received
Doctrine
of
England
,
in
that
Age
,
about
the
forenamed
Controversies
.
This
year
died
first
Dr.
William
Wickham
,
bred
in
King's
Colledge
in
Cambridge
,
first
Bishop
of
Lincoln
,
after
of
Winchester
.
Secondly
,
Worthy
Dr.
William
Whitaker
.
And
among
the
Romanists
,
Daniel
Halesworth
.
More
infamous
was
the
death
of
Robert
Southwel
,
a
Jesuite
,
who
was
executed
for
a
Traitor
at
London
.
In
the
year
1596.
died
Bishop
Fletcher
of
London
,
who
died
suddenly
,
and
John
Coldwel
,
Bishop
of
Sarisbury
.
About
this
time
also
died
Doctor
Laurence
Humfrey
,
a
moderate
Non-conformist
,
Dean
of
Winchester
,
and
Master
of
Magdalen
Colledge
in
Oxford
.
Master
Baltazar
Zanchez
,
a
Spaniard
,
born
in
Estremadura
,
founded
an
Almes-house
at
Totnam-Highcross
in
Middlesex
,
for
eight
single
people
,
allowing
them
competent
maintenance
.
Thomas
Stapleton
this
year
ended
his
life
at
Lovain
:
he
was
born
at
Henfield
in
Sussex
,
and
was
a
Learned
assertor
of
the
Romish
Religion
.
This
year
also
died
Richard
Cosins
,
Doctor
of
the
Law
,
and
Dean
of
Arches
,
one
of
the
greatest
Civilians
which
our
Nation
hath
produced
.
The
death
of
Robert
Turner
was
now
much
lamented
by
the
Papists
.
He
was
born
at
Barstable
in
Devonshire
,
bred
for
awhile
in
Oxford
,
whence
flying
beyond
the
Seas
,
he
became
Canon
of
Breslaw
in
Silesia
,
and
at
the
same
time
Privy
Councellor
to
the
Duke
of
Bavaria
.
Ferdinand
of
Gratz
(
afterwards
Emperor
)
took
him
from
the
Duke
to
be
his
own
Secretary
in
the
Latin
Tongue
.
He
lieth
buried
at
Gratz
under
a
handsom
Monument
.
In
the
year
1599.
died
Richard
Hooker
,
of
whom
largely
before
.
He
was
much
lamented
by
Protestants
.
Anno
1600.
died
two
eminent
Roman
Catholicks
;
John
Saunderson
,
born
in
Lancaster
,
bred
in
Trinity
Colledge
in
Cambridge
,
from
whence
he
fled
to
Cambray
in
Artois
.
The
other
Thomas
Case
of
St.
Johns
in
Oxford
,
Doctor
of
Physick
;
always
a
Papist
in
heart
,
but
never
expressing
the
same
,
till
a
little
before
his
Death
.
CENTURY
XVII
.
THe
difference
betwixt
the
Seculars
and
the
Jesuites
still
continuing
and
encreasing
,
Bishop
Bancroft
afforded
the
Seculars
countenance
and
maintenance
in
London-house
,
furnishing
them
with
necessaries
to
write
against
their
Adversaries
,
hoping
the
Protestants
might
assault
the
Romish
cause
with
the
greater
advantage
,
by
the
breach
made
to
their
hands
by
the
others
own
dissentions
.
Archbishop
Whitgift
founded
and
endowed
an
Hospital
at
Croydon
in
Surrey
,
for
a
Warden
and
twenty
eight
Brethren
:
as
also
a
free
School
with
liberal
maintenance
for
the
training
up
of
Youth
.
Sir
Rich.
Bakers
Chron.
The
Queen
and
Her
Council
finding
both
the
Jesuites
and
the
Secular
Priests
dangerous
to
this
Common
Wealth
both
the
one
and
the
other
,
commandeth
them
to
depart
out
of
the
Kingdom
presently
.
The
last
Parliament
in
this
Queen's
Reign
was
now
begun
at
Westminster
,
and
dissolved
the
Moneth
next
following
.
In
this
Parliament
it
was
Enacted
,
That
overseers
of
the
poor
should
be
nominated
yearly
in
Easter-week
under
the
Hand
and
Seal
of
two
Justices
of
peace
,
and
that
these
with
the
Church-wardens
should
take
care
of
the
poor
,
binding
out
of
Apprentices
,
&c.
As
also
,
That
the
Lord
Chancellor
should
award
Commissions
under
the
great
Seal
into
any
part
of
the
Realm
(
as
cause
should
require
)
to
the
Bishop
of
every
Diocess
,
and
his
Chancellor
,
&c.
to
enquire
by
oathes
of
twelve
men
,
into
the
misemployment
of
any
lands
or
goods
given
to
pious
uses
.
Francis
Godwin
,
D.
D.
Subdean
of
Exeter
,
son
of
Thomas
Godwin
Bishop
of
Bath
and
Wells
,
was
made
Bishop
of
Landaff
.
He
was
born
in
the
fourth
year
of
Queen
Elizabeth
,
and
was
made
a
Bishop
within
Her
Reign
,
Anno
1601.
Now
came
forth
a
notable
book
against
the
Jesuites
,
written
Scholastically
by
Watson
a
secular
Priest
,
consisting
of
ten
Quodlibets
,
each
whereof
is
subdivided
into
as
many
Articles
,
which
discovereth
the
Jesuites
in
their
Colours
.
Anno
1602.
died
Herbert
Westphaling
,
Bishop
of
Hereford
,
being
the
first
Bishop
of
that
foundation
,
a
man
very
pious
,
and
of
such
gravity
,
that
he
was
scarce
ever
seen
to
laugh
.
There
died
also
Alexander
Nowel
,
D.
D.
and
Dean
of
S.
Paul's
in
London
.
He
fled
into
Germany
in
the
Reign
of
Queen
Mary
,
and
was
the
first
of
English
exiles
that
returned
in
the
days
of
Queen
Elizabeth
:
an
holy
and
Learned
Man
.
He
bestowed
two
hundred
pound
a
year
rent
on
Brazen-nose
Colledge
,
wherein
he
was
educated
,
for
the
maintenance
of
thirteen
Students
.
He
died
at
ninety
years
of
age
,
a
single
man
,
fresh
in
his
youthful
Learning
;
his
eyes
were
not
dim
,
nor
did
he
ever
make
use
of
Spectacles
.
Mr.
William
Perkins
who
was
born
in
the
first
,
died
also
in
the
last
year
of
Queen
Elizabeth
.
Gregory
Sayer
also
,
and
William
Harris
,
two
Popish
Writers
,
bred
the
one
at
Cambridge
,
the
other
at
Oxford
,
died
this
year
beyond
the
Seas
.
At
this
time
the
City
of
Geneva
was
in
a
low
estate
;
for
the
Duke
of
Savoy
,
addicted
to
the
Spanish
faction
had
banished
all
Protestants
of
his
Dominions
.
By
the
Liberal
example
of
Archbishop
Whitgift
large
summes
of
Money
were
Collected
,
and
seasonably
sent
over
for
the
Relief
of
Geneva
.
Queen
Elizabeth
,
the
mirrour
of
her
Sex
and
Age
,
died
having
Reigned
over
this
Kingdom
above
fourty
years
.
Her
Corps
were
Solemnly
interred
under
a
fair
Tomb
in
Westminster
Abbey
.
Now
the
Defenders
both
of
Episcopacy
and
Presbitery
,
with
equal
hopes
of
success
,
make
(
besides
private
and
particular
Addresses
)
publick
and
visible
Applications
to
King
James
,
the
first
to
continue
,
the
last
to
set
up
their
Government
.
Dr.
Thomas
Nevil
,
Dean
of
Canterbury
sent
by
Archbishop
Whitgift
to
his
Majesty
in
the
name
of
the
Bishops
and
Clergy
of
England
,
brought
back
a
well-come
answer
,
which
was
to
uphold
the
Government
of
the
Late
Queen
,
as
she
left
it
setled
.
Then
Watson
a
Secular
Priest
with
William
Cleark
another
of
his
Profession
,
having
fancied
a
notional
Treason
,
impart
it
to
George
Brook
.
These
break
it
to
Brook's
brother
,
the
Lord
Cobham
,
to
the
Lord
Gray
of
Wilton
,
and
Sir
Walter
Rawleigh
besides
some
other
discontented
Knights
.
Watson
devised
an
Oath
of
secrecy
for
them
all
.
The
ends
they
propounded
to
themselves
were
to
kill
the
King
,
raise
Rebellion
,
alter
Religion
,
and
procure
a
Forreign
invasion
,
&c.
The
treason
was
discovered
.
The
two
Priests
alone
with
G.
Brook
were
executed
,
the
rest
were
pardoned
.
No
sooner
was
King
James
setled
on
the
English
throne
,
but
Mr.
Cartwright
presented
unto
him
his
Latine
Comment
on
Ecclesiastes
:
and
died
soon
after
.
Mr.
Dod
Preached
his
funeral
Sermon
.
Now
there
being
a
general
expectation
of
a
Parliament
to
succeed
;
the
Presbterian
party
went
about
to
get
hands
of
the
Ministers
to
a
petition
which
they
intended
seasonably
to
present
to
the
King
and
Parliament
.
A
conference
was
appointed
at
Hampton-Court
,
which
began
on
January
14.
1603.
The
names
of
the
Persons
which
were
employed
therein
,
are
as
follow
.
For
Conformity
.
-
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
Whitgift
.
-
Bishops
of
-
London
-
Durham
-
Winchester
-
Worcester
-
S.
David's
-
Chichester
-
Carlile
-
Peterborow
-
Bancroft
.
-
Mathew
.
-
Bilson
.
-
Babington
.
-
Rudd
.
-
Watson
.
-
Robinson
.
-
Dove
.
-
Deans
of
-
The
Chappel
.
-
Christ-Church
.
-
Worcester
.
-
Westminster
.
-
S.
Paul's
.
-
Chester
.
-
Sarisbury
.
-
Windsor
.
-
Doctor
-
Field
.
-
King
.
Against
Conformity
.
-
Doctor
-
Reinolds
.
-
Sparks
.
-
Master
-
Knewstubs
.
-
Chadderton
.
-
Moderator
-
Spectators
-
King
James
.
-
All
the
Lords
of
the
Privy
Council
.
On
the
first
dayes
Conference
the
Bishops
and
five
of
the
Deans
were
called
in
severally
by
themselves
,
then
the
King
reduceth
some
special
points
wherein
he
desireth
to
be
satisfied
,
to
three
Heads
.
1.
Concerning
the
Book
of
Common
Prayer
,
&c.
used
in
the
Church
.
2.
Excommunication
in
Ecclesiastical
Courts
.
3.
The
providing
of
fit
and
able
Ministers
for
Ireland
.
In
the
Common-prayer-book
he
required
satisfaction
about
three
things
,
-
1.
About
Confirmation
.
-
2.
Absolution
.
-
3.
Private
Baptism
.
Touching
Confirmation
,
he
said
he
abhorred
the
abuse
wherein
it
was
made
a
Sacrament
,
or
Corroboration
to
Baptism
,
As
for
Absolution
,
he
said
he
had
heard
it
likened
to
Pope's
Pardons
.
And
Concerning
Private
Baptism
,
he
would
be
satisfied
,
if
called
private
from
the
place
,
or
if
so
termed
that
any
besides
a
Lawful
Minister
may
Baptize
,
which
he
disliked
.
Concerning
excommunication
he
offered
two
things
to
be
considered
of
,
-
1.
The
Matter
.
-
2.
The
Persons
.
For
the
first
,
whether
it
were
executed
in
light
Cases
,
which
causeth
the
undervaluing
thereof
,
For
the
persons
,
he
would
be
resolved
,
why
Chancellors
and
Commissaries
being
lay
men
should
do
it
,
and
not
rather
the
Bishops
themselves
,
&c.
As
for
providing
Ministers
for
Ireland
;
he
said
he
would
refer
it
in
the
last
dayes
Conference
to
a
Consultation
.
The
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
answered
,
that
Confirmation
hath
been
used
in
the
Catholick
Church
ever
since
the
Apostles
.
The
Bishop
of
London
.
That
it
is
an
Apostolical
Institution
,
named
in
express
words
.
Heb.
6.2
.
The
Bishop
of
Carlile
Learnedly
urged
the
s●me
.
And
the
Bishop
of
Durham
urged
something
out
of
S.
Mathew
,
for
the
Imposition
of
hands
on
Children
.
The
Conclusion
was
this
,
for
the
fuller
explanation
,
that
we
make
Confirmation
neither
a
Sacrament
,
nor
a
Corroboration
thereof
,
their
Lordship
should
consider
whether
it
might
not
without
alteration
,
be
entitled
an
Examination
with
a
Confirmation
.
As
for
Absolution
,
the
Archbishop
told
His
Majesty
that
it
is
clear
from
all
Superstition
as
it
is
used
in
the
Church
of
England
,
as
will
appear
on
the
Reading
both
of
the
Confession
and
Absolution
following
it
,
in
the
beginning
of
the
Communion-book
.
Here
the
King
perused
both
,
liked
and
approved
them
.
The
Particular
and
Personal
Absolution
in
the
Visitation
of
the
sick
,
was
also
Read
by
the
Dean
of
the
Chappel
,
and
approved
by
the
King
.
The
Conclusion
was
this
,
That
the
Bishops
should
Consult
,
whether
unto
the
Rubrick
of
the
General
Absolution
,
these
words
[
Remission
of
sins
]
might
not
be
added
for
explanation-sake
.
To
the
point
of
Private
Baptism
,
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
said
,
the
Administration
thereof
by
women
and
Lay-persons
is
not
allowed
in
the
Practice
of
the
Church
,
&c.
The
King
answered
,
the
words
of
the
Book
cannot
but
intend
a
permission
of
such
persons
to
Baptise
.
The
Bishop
of
Worcester
said
,
that
the
Compilers
of
the
book
did
not
so
intend
them
,
as
appeareth
by
their
contrary
practice
.
The
Bishop
of
London
said
,
those
men
intended
a
permission
of
private
persons
to
baptise
but
in
case
of
necessity
.
Here
he
spake
much
of
the
necessity
of
Baptism
.
The
King
answered
,
this
necessity
of
Baptism
I
so
understand
,
that
it
is
necessary
to
be
had
,
if
lawfully
to
be
had
,
i.
e.
Ministred
by
lawful
M●nisters
,
by
whom
alone
,
and
no
private
person
in
any
case
it
may
be
administred
.
The
result
was
this
,
To
consult
,
whether
in
the
Rubrick
of
Private
baptism
;
●●ese
words
[
Curate
,
or
lawful
Minister
]
may
not
be
inserted
.
For
the
point
of
Excommunication
,
His
Majesty
propounded
,
whether
in
causes
of
lesser
moment
the
name
might
not
be
altered
,
and
the
same
censure
retained
.
Secondly
,
whether
in
place
thereof
another
coertion
equivalent
thereunto
might
not
be
invented
.
Which
all
sides
yielded
unto
,
and
so
was
an
end
of
the
first
dayes
conference
.
On
Monday
January
16.
they
all
met
in
the
same
place
with
all
the
Deans
and
Doctors
aforementioned
(
Patrick
Galloway
Minister
of
Perth
in
Scotland
,
admitted
also
to
be
there
)
and
Prince
Henry
sate
on
a
Stool
by
his
Father
.
After
the
King
had
made
a
pithy
speech
to
the
four
opposers
of
conformity
.
He
willed
them
to
begin
.
Then
Dr.
Rainolds
said
,
All
things
disliked
,
or
questioned
,
may
be
reduced
to
these
four
heads
.
-
I.
That
the
Doctrine
of
the
Church
might
be
preserved
in
purity
according
to
God's
word
.
-
II.
That
good
Pastors
might
be
planted
in
all
Churches
to
preach
the
same
.
-
III.
That
the
Church-government
might
be
sincerely
Ministred
according
to
God's
word
.
-
IV.
That
the
book
of
Common-prayer
might
be
fitted
to
more
encrease
of
Piety
.
For
the
first
,
he
desired
,
that
the
book
of
Articles
of
Religion
concluded
on
1562.
might
be
explained
where
obscure
,
enlarged
where
defective
,
viz.
Art.
16.
where
it
is
said
,
After
we
have
received
the
Holy
Ghost
,
we
may
depart
from
Grace
,
Those
words
may
be
explained
,
with
this
addition
,
yet
neither
totally
nor
finally
.
He
propounded
also
,
that
the
nine
Assertions
concluded
on
at
Lambeth
,
might
be
inserted
into
the
Book
of
Articles
.
Some
other
things
also
he
added
.
The
Bishop
of
London
speaks
passionately
against
Dr.
Rainolds
:
for
which
the
King
reproveth
him
.
As
for
Private
Baptism
,
His
Majesty
said
,
he
had
already
with
the
Bishops
taken
order
for
the
same
.
Then
came
they
to
Confirmation
.
And
after
some
debate
thereon
betwixt
Dr.
Rainolds
,
and
the
Bishops
of
London
and
Winchester
,
his
Majesty
said
,
he
intended
not
to
take
confirmation
from
the
Bishops
which
they
had
so
long
enjoyed
;
seeing
as
great
reason
that
none
should
confirm
,
as
none
should
Preach
without
the
Bishop's
License
.
Dr.
Rainolds
said
,
It
were
well
,
if
this
proposition
might
be
added
to
the
book
of
Articles
;
The
Intention
of
the
Minister
is
not
of
the
Essence
of
the
Sacrament
.
He
urged
again
,
that
the
nine
Orthodoxal
Assertions
concluded
at
Lambeth
may
be
generally
received
.
The
King
thought
it
unfit
to
thrust
into
the
book
of
Articles
every
position
Negative
,
which
would
swell
the
book
into
too
great
a
volume
.
And
as
to
the
nine
Assertions
,
his
Majesty
said
,
he
knew
not
what
they
were
.
The
Bishop
of
London
told
the
King
the
occasion
of
them
.
He
answered
,
the
better
course
would
be
to
punish
the
broachers
of
false
Doctrine
than
to
multiply
Articles
.
Then
Dr.
Rainolds
requested
,
that
one
Uniform
Catechism
may
be
made
,
and
none
other
generally
received
.
His
Majesty
thought
the
Doctor
's
request
very
reasonable
,
yet
so
,
that
the
Catechism
may
be
made
in
the
fewest
,
and
plainest
affirmative
terms
that
may
be
:
And
herein
(
said
he
)
I
would
have
two
Rules
to
be
observed
.
1.
That
curious
and
deep
questions
be
avoided
in
the
fundamen●al
instruction
of
a
people
.
2.
That
there
should
not
be
so
general
a
departure
from
the
Papists
,
that
every
thing
should
be
accounted
an
errour
wherein
we
agree
with
them
.
Dr.
Rainolds
said
,
Great
is
the
profanation
of
the
Sabbath
day
,
and
contempt
of
your
Majestie
's
Proclamation
which
I
earnestly
desire
may
be
Reformed
.
This
motion
found
an
unanimous
consent
.
Then
the
Doctor
desired
that
the
Bible
be
New
Translated
,
&c.
His
Majesty
answered
,
that
he
never
yet
saw
a
Bible
well-translated
in
English
;
and
he
wished
some
special
pains
were
taken
for
an
Uniform
Translation
,
which
should
be
done
by
the
best
Learned
in
both
Universities
;
then
reviewed
by
the
Bishops
,
presented
to
the
Privy
Council
,
lastly
ratified
by
Royal
Authority
to
be
read
in
the
Church
,
and
none
other
.
Dr.
Rainolds
moved
also
,
that
unlawful
and
Seditious
Books
be
suppressed
.
The
Lord
Cecil
,
that
these
had
done
much
mischief
,
but
especially
one
,
called
Speculum
Tragicum
.
His
Majesty
said
,
that
was
a
dangerous
book
indeed
.
Concerning
the
planting
of
Learned
Ministers
in
every
Parish
,
His
Majesty
said
he
had
consulted
with
his
Bishops
about
it
;
whom
he
found
willing
and
ready
herein
.
The
Bishop
of
London
moved
,
that
there
might
be
a
praying
Ministry
among
us
,
saying
,
that
men
now
thought
it
is
the
onely
duty
of
Ministers
to
spend
their
time
in
the
Pulpit
.
His
Majesty
well
liked
his
motion
.
His
second
motion
was
,
that
until
Learned
men
may
be
planted
in
every
Congregation
,
Godly
Homilies
may
be
read
therein
.
The
King
liked
this
motion
,
especially
where
the
living
is
not
sufficient
to
maintain
a
Learned
Preacher
.
Also
where
were
multitudes
of
Sermons
,
he
would
have
Homilies
read
divers
times
.
The
Plaintiffs
confessed
,
A
Preaching
Ministry
is
best
;
but
where
it
may
not
be
had
,
Godly
Prayers
and
exhortations
do
much
good
.
The
Bishop's
last
motion
was
,
that
Pulpits
may
not
be
made
pasquils
,
wherein
every
discontented
person
may
traduce
his
Superiors
.
His
Majesty
approved
thereof
.
Then
Dr.
Rainolds
came
to
Subscription
,
as
a
great
impeachment
to
a
Learned
Ministry
,
and
therefore
entreated
it
might
not
be
exacted
as
heretofore
,
for
which
many
good
men
are
kept
out
,
though
otherwise
willing
to
subscribe
to
the
Statutes
of
the
Realm
,
Articles
of
Religion
,
and
the
King's
Supremacy
.
He
objected
against
the
enjoyning
of
the
Apocrypha
Books
to
be
read
in
the
Church
,
some
Chapters
therein
containing
manifest
errours
repugnant
to
Scripture
.
His
Majesty
said
,
he
would
not
have
all
Canonical
books
read
in
the
Church
,
nor
any
Chapter
out
of
the
Apocrypha
,
wherein
any
errour
is
contained
.
The
next
scruple
against
Subscription
was
,
because
it
was
twice
set
down
in
the
Common-prayer-book
,
Jesus
said
to
his
Disciples
,
when
by
the
Text
in
the
Original
it
is
plain
,
that
he
spake
to
the
Pharisees
.
His
Majesty
answered
,
let
the
word
[
Disciples
]
be
omitted
,
and
the
words
[
Jesus
said
]
be
Printed
in
a
different
Character
.
Mr.
Knewstubs
took
exceptions
at
the
Cross
in
baptism
,
and
said
,
it
is
questionable
whether
the
Church
hath
power
to
institute
an
outward
significant
sign
.
The
Bishop
of
London
answered
,
The
Cross
in
Baptism
is
not
used
otherwise
than
a
Ceremony
.
His
Majesty
desired
to
be
acquainted
about
the
Antiquity
of
the
use
of
Cross
.
Dr.
Rainolds
said
,
it
hath
been
used
ever
since
the
Apostles
time
,
but
the
question
is
,
how
Ancient
the
use
thereof
hath
been
in
Baptism
.
The
Bishop
of
Winchester
said
,
in
Constantine's
time
it
was
used
in
Baptism
.
His
Majesty
replied
,
if
so
,
I
see
no
reason
but
we
may
continue
it
.
Mr.
Knewstubs
said
,
put
case
the
Church
may
add
significant
signs
,
it
may
not
add
them
where
Christ
hath
already
ordained
them
;
which
is
as
Derogatory
to
Christ's
Institution
,
as
if
one
should
add
to
the
great
Seal
of
England
.
His
Majesty
answered
,
the
case
is
not
alike
,
seeing
the
Sacrament
is
fully
finished
,
before
the
use
of
the
Cross
.
Mr.
Knewstubs
demanded
then
,
how
far
the
Ordinance
of
the
Church
bindeth
without
impeaching
Christian
Liberty
?
The
King
answered
,
I
will
have
one
Doctrine
,
one
Discipline
,
one
Religion
in
substance
,
and
in
Ceremony
.
Never
speak
more
to
that
point
,
how
far
ye
are
bound
to
obey
.
Doctor
Rainolds
wished
,
that
the
Cross
(
being
Superstitiously
abused
in
Popery
)
were
abandoned
,
as
the
Brazen-serpent
was
stamped
to
powder
by
Hezekiah
,
because
abused
to
Idolatry
.
His
Majesty
answered
,
Inasmuch
as
the
Cross
was
abused
to
Superstition
in
time
of
Propery
,
it
doth
plainly
imply
,
that
it
was
well
used
before
.
He
said
,
he
detested
their
courses
,
who
peremptorily
disallow
of
all
things
which
have
been
abused
in
Popery
,
and
know
not
how
to
answer
the
Objections
of
the
Papists
,
when
they
charge
us
with
Novelties
,
but
by
telling
them
,
we
retain
the
Primitive
use
of
things
,
and
onely
forsake
their
Novel
corruptions
.
Secondly
,
no
resemblance
between
the
Brazen-Serpent
(
a
material
visible
thing
)
and
the
sign
of
the
Cross
made
in
the
Air.
Thirdly
,
Papists
did
never
ascribe
any
spiritual
grace
to
the
Cross
in
Baptism
.
Lastly
,
material
Crosses
to
which
people
fell
down
in
time
of
Popery
(
as
the
Idolatrous
Jews
to
the
Brazen-serpent
)
are
already
demolished
,
as
you
desire
.
Mr.
Knewstubs
proceeded
,
excepting
at
the
wearing
of
the
Surplice
,
a
kind
of
garment
(
said
he
)
used
by
the
Priests
of
Isis
.
His
Majesty
answered
,
he
did
not
think
till
of
late
,
it
had
been
borrowed
from
the
Heathen
,
because
commonly
called
a
Rag
of
Popery
.
And
seeing
we
border
not
upon
Heathens
,
&c.
I
see
no
reason
(
said
he
)
but
for
comeliness
sake
it
may
be
continued
.
Dr.
Rainolds
said
,
I
take
exception
at
these
words
in
Marriage
,
With
my
body
I
thee
worship
.
His
Majesty
answered
,
I
find
it
an
usual
English
Term
,
A
Gentleman
of
Worship
:
and
it
agreeth
with
the
Scriptures
,
Giving
honour
to
the
wife
The
Dean
of
Sarum
said
,
some
take
exception
at
the
Ring
in
Marriage
.
Dr.
Rainolds
said
,
he
approved
it
well
enough
.
Then
said
he
,
some
take
exceptions
at
the
Churching
of
women
by
the
name
of
Purification
.
His
Majesty
said
,
I
allow
it
very
well
.
Unto
Doctor
Rainolds
his
last
exception
against
committing
Ecclesiastical
censures
to
Lay-chancellors
,
His
Majesty
answered
,
that
he
had
conferred
with
the
Bishops
about
that
point
,
and
such
order
should
be
taken
therein
as
was
Convenient
.
Doctor
Rainolds
desired
,
That
according
to
certain
Provin●ial
Constituions
the
Clergy
may
have
meetings
every
three
weeks
.
1.
In
Rural
Deaneries
,
therein
to
have
prophecying
,
as
Archbishop
Grindal
,
and
other
Bishops
,
desired
of
her
late
Majesty
.
2.
That
such
things
as
could
not
be
resolved
on
there
,
might
be
referred
to
the
Archdeacons
Visitations
.
3.
And
so
to
the
Episcopal
Synod
,
to
determine
such
points
before
not
decided
.
His
Majesty
answered
.
If
you
aim
at
a
Scottish
Presbytery
,
it
agreeth
as
well
with
Monarchy
,
as
God
and
the
Devil
.
Then
Jack
and
Tom
,
&c.
shall
meet
,
and
censure
me
and
my
Council
.
Then
the
King
asked
the
Doctor
,
whether
they
had
any
thing
else
to
say
?
He
answered
,
No
more
,
if
it
please
your
Majesty
.
If
this
be
all
your
party
have
to
say
,
said
the
King
,
I
will
make
them
conform
,
or
else
I
will
harry
them
out
of
the
Land
,
or
do
worse
.
Thus
ended
the
second
dayes
Conference
.
The
third
began
on
the
Wednesday
following
,
many
Knights
,
Civilians
,
and
Doctors
of
the
Law
,
being
admitted
thereunto
,
because
the
High-commission
was
the
principal
matter
in
debate
.
His
Majesty
thus
began
I
understand
,
that
the
parties
named
in
the
High-commission
are
too
many
,
and
too
mean
,
and
the
matters
they
deal
with
,
base
,
such
as
Ordinaries
might
censure
in
their
Courts
at
home
.
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
.
]
Were
not
their
number
many
,
I
should
oftentimes
sit
alone
.
I
have
often
complained
of
the
meanness
of
matters
handled
therein
,
but
cannot
remedy
it
:
for
though
the
offence
be
small
,
that
the
Ordinary
may
,
yet
the
Offender
oft-times
is
so
great
,
that
the
Ordinary
is
forced
to
crave
help
at
the
High-commission
to
punish
him
.
A
nameless
Lord
said
,
The
proceedings
in
that
Court
are
like
the
Spanish
Inquisition
,
wherein
men
are
urged
to
subscribe
more
than
Law
requireth
;
and
by
the
Oath
Ex
officio
,
forced
to
accuse
themselves
,
being
examined
upon
many
Articles
on
a
sudden
,
and
for
the
most
part
against
themselves
.
The
Lord
Chancellor
said
,
There
is
necessity
,
and
use
of
the
Oath
Ex
officio
,
in
divers
Courts
and
Causes
.
His
Majesty
said
,
That
it
is
requisite
that
same
and
scandals
be
looked
unto
in
Courts
Ecclesiastical
,
and
yet
great
moderation
is
to
be
used
therein
.
And
here
he
soundly
described
the
Oath
Ex
officio
for
the
ground
thereof
,
the
wisdom
of
the
Law
therein
,
the
manner
of
proceeding
thereby
,
and
profitable
effect
from
the
same
.
After
much
discourse
between
the
King
,
the
Bishops
,
and
the
Lords
,
about
the
quality
of
the
Persons
,
and
Causes
,
in
the
High-Commission
,
rectifying
Excommunications
in
matters
of
less
moment
,
punishing
Recusants
,
providing
Divines
for
Ireland
,
Wales
,
and
the
Northern
borders
,
the
four
Preachers
were
called
in
,
and
such
alterations
in
the
Liturgy
were
read
unto
them
,
which
the
Bishops
,
by
the
King's
advice
,
had
made
,
unto
which
,
by
their
silence
,
they
seemed
to
consent
.
Then
the
King
said
to
Doctor
Rainolds
,
and
his
Associates
,
I
expect
obedience
and
humility
from
you
(
the
marks
of
honest
and
good
men
)
and
that
you
would
perswade
others
abroad
by
your
example
.
Doctor
Rainolds
answered
,
We
here
do
promise
to
perform
all
duties
to
Bishops
,
as
Reverend
Fathers
,
and
to
joyn
with
them
,
against
the
common
Adversary
,
for
the
peace
of
the
Church
.
Thus
ended
the
three
dayes
Conference
.
Doctor
Sparks
soon
after
set
forth
a
Treatise
of
Unity
and
Uniformity
.
This
Conference
produced
some
alterations
in
the
Liturgy
;
Womens
baptising
formerly
frequent
,
hereafter
forbidden
;
in
the
Rubrick
of
Absolution
,
Remission
of
sins
inserted
,
Confirmation
termed
also
an
Examination
of
Children
,
and
some
words
altered
in
the
Dominical
Gospels
,
with
a
resolution
for
a
new
translation
of
the
Bible
.
Henceforward
many
,
that
wavered
before
,
for
the
future
quietly
digested
the
Ceremonies
of
the
Church
.
About
this
time
a
Petition
,
called
the
Millenary
Petition
for
Reformation
,
was
solemnly
presented
to
his
Majesty
,
in
the
name
of
the
Ministers
of
the
Church
of
England
,
desiring
Reformation
of
certain
Ceremonies
and
abuses
of
the
Church
.
Subscribed
,
Your
Majesties
most
humble
Subjects
,
the
Ministers
of
the
Gospel
,
that
desire
not
a
disorderly
Innovation
,
but
a
due
and
godly
Reformation
.
The
Episcopal
party
gave
this
Petition
a
lash
,
some
with
their
Pens
,
more
with
their
Tongues
.
The
Universities
were
justly
netled
thereat
.
Cambridge
passed
a
Gr●ce
in
their
Congregation
,
That
whosoever
,
in
their
Vniversity
,
should
by
word
,
or
writing
,
oppose
the
received
Doctrine
,
and
Discipline
,
of
England
,
or
any
part
thereof
,
should
be
suspended
from
their
former
,
and
excluded
from
all
future
Degrees
.
Oxford
followed
,
making
a
sharp
and
strong
confutation
of
the
Petition
.
After
his
Majesty
had
discountenanced
it
,
some
of
the
opposite
party
maintained
,
That
now
the
property
thereof
was
altered
,
from
a
Petition
to
a
Libel
.
Soon
after
died
Archbishop
Whitgift
of
the
Palsey
,
and
was
buried
at
Croidon
,
the
Earl
of
Worcester
,
and
Lord
Zouch
,
his
Pupils
attending
his
Herse
;
and
Bishop
Babington
(
his
Pupil
also
)
made
his
Funeral
Sermon
.
Richard
Bancroft
,
Bishop
of
London
,
brought
up
in
Jesus
colledge
,
succeeded
him
in
the
Archbishoprick
.
Now
a
Parliament
was
assembled
,
in
which
it
was
enacted
,
That
neither
the
King
himself
,
nor
his
Successors
,
should
be
capable
of
any
Church-land
,
to
be
conveyed
unto
them
,
otherwise
than
for
three
lives
,
or
twenty
one
years
.
Thus
the
King
was
pleased
to
bind
himself
for
the
liberty
of
the
Church
:
and
hereby
he
eased
himself
of
many
troublesome
Suitors
.
In
the
Convocation
many
Canons
were
made
.
A
Book
of
Canons
was
compiled
,
not
only
being
the
sum
of
the
late
Queens
Articles
,
Orders
of
her
Commissioners
,
Canons
of
1571.
and
1597.
which
were
in
use
before
,
but
also
many
more
were
added
,
the
whole
number
amounting
unto
141
An
explanation
was
made
in
one
of
the
Canons
of
the
use
of
the
Cross
in
Baptism
.
Bishop
Rudd
,
of
St.
Davids
,
opposed
the
Oath
of
Simony
.
Anno
1664.
the
Family
of
Love
presented
a
tedious
Petition
to
King
James
,
wherein
,
by
fawning
expressions
,
they
seek
to
insinuate
themselves
into
his
Majesties
good
opinion
.
We
find
not
what
effect
this
Petition
produced
.
This
year
died
two
Romanists
beyond
Sea
much
lamented
,
one
Richard
Hall
,
bred
in
Christ's-colledge
in
Cambridge
,
whence
he
ran
over
to
Rome
,
and
after
died
Canon
and
Official
at
St.
Omers
Cathedral
.
The
other
Humfrey
Ely
,
born
in
Hereford-shire
,
Fellow
of
St.
John's-colledge
in
Oxford
;
whence
going
beyond
Sea
,
at
Rome
he
commenced
Doctor
of
Law
,
and
afterwards
died
Professor
thereof
,
in
the
University
of
Ponta
Mousan
in
the
Dutchy
of
Lorrain
.
Now
the
Romish
Cotholicks
despairing
of
getting
any
free
and
publick
exercise
of
their
Religion
,
some
of
them
entred
into
a
devilish
Conspiracy
to
blow
up
the
Parliament
House
with
Gunpowder
.
In
this
Plot
were
engaged
.
-
Robert
Catesby
.
-
Thomas
Piercy
.
-
Sir
Everard
Digby
.
-
Francis
Tresham
.
-
Thomas
Winter
.
-
John
Wright
.
-
Christopher
Wright
.
-
Ambrose
Rookwood
.
-
Robert
Keys
.
-
Robert
Winter
.
-
John
Grant
.
-
Thomas
Bates
,
Catesbies
man
.
-
Guido
Faux
.
The
principal
Contriver
of
this
Plot
was
Robert
Catesby
,
a
Gentleman
of
good
account
in
Northampton-shire
,
who
drew
in
many
other
Papists
to
assist
him
.
Gerard
tyeth
them
together
with
an
Oath
of
secrecy
.
Garnet
and
Tismond
encourage
the
design
.
But
here
an
important
scruple
was
injected
,
how
to
part
their
Friends
from
their
Foes
in
the
Parliament
.
Here
Garnet
,
instead
of
untying
,
cut
this
knot
asunder
.
That
in
such
a
case
as
this
it
was
lawful
to
kill
Friend
and
Foe
together
.
Now
though
these
Plotters
intended
at
last
,
with
honour
,
to
own
the
Action
,
when
success
had
secured
all
things
;
yet
they
purposed
,
when
the
blow
was
first
given
,
to
father
the
fact
upon
those
that
were
called
Puritans
.
But
for
the
discovery
of
this
Plot
,
God's
Providence
so
ordered
it
,
that
a
Letter
was
framed
,
and
sent
to
the
Lord
Mounteagle
,
brought
him
by
one
of
his
Footmen
,
which
he
received
from
an
unknown
man
in
the
street
,
in
manner
following
My
Lord
,
out
of
the
love
I
bear
to
some
of
your
Friends
,
I
have
a
care
of
your
preservation
.
Therefore
,
I
would
advise
you
,
as
you
tender
your
life
,
to
forbear
your
attendance
at
this
Parliament
:
for
God
,
and
man
,
have
concurred
to
punish
the
wickedness
of
this
time
.
And
think
not
slightly
of
this
advertisement
,
but
retire
your self
into
your
Countrey
,
where
you
may
expect
the
event
in
safety
:
for
,
though
there
be
no
appearance
of
any
stir
,
yet
,
I
say
,
they
shall
receive
a
terrible
blow
this
Parliament
,
and
yet
they
shall
not
see
who
hurts
them
,
This
counsel
is
not
to
be
contemned
,
because
it
may
do
you
good
,
and
can
do
you
no
harm
,
for
the
danger
is
past
as
soon
as
you
have
burnt
the
Letter
.
And
,
I
hope
,
God
will
give
you
the
grace
to
make
use
of
it
,
to
whose
holy
protection
I
commend
you
.
The
Lord
Mounteag●e
communicates
the
Letter
to
the
Earl
of
Sarisbury
,
He
to
the
King
,
who
on
the
second
perusal
expounded
the
mystical
blow
meant
therein
,
must
be
by
Gunpowder
,
and
gives
order
for
searching
the
Rooms
under
the
Parliament
House
.
The
first
search
,
about
evening
,
discovered
nothing
but
Percie's
Cellar
full
of
Wood
,
and
Johnson
his
man
(
under
that
name
was
Faux
disguised
)
attending
therein
.
At
midnight
a
more
strict
and
secret
search
was
made
by
Sir
Thomas
Knevet
,
Gentleman
of
his
Majesty's
Privy
Chamber
,
and
others
,
Fuller
.
Church
Hist.
in
the
Vault
under
the
Parliament
House
.
There
was
quickly
discovered
,
a
pile
of
fewel
,
faced
over
with
Billets
,
lined
under
with
thirty
six
Barrels
of
Powder
,
besides
Iron
bars
to
make
the
force
of
the
fire
more
effectual
.
Guido
Faux
was
apprehended
in
the
outward
room
,
with
a
dark
Lanthorn
in
his
hand
,
and
three
Matches
ready
to
give
fire
to
the
Train
.
Mean-time
Catesby
,
Percy
,
Rookwood
,
both
the
Wrights
,
and
Thomas
Winter
,
were
hovering
about
London
,
to
attend
the
issue
of
the
matter
.
They
,
and
their
Servants
,
post
down
into
the
Countrey
,
through
Warwick-shire
,
Worcester-shire
,
into
Stafford-shire
;
Sir
Richard
Verney
,
High
Sheriff
of
Warwick-shire
,
chased
them
from
thence
,
and
Sir
Robert
Walsh
,
Sheriff
of
Worcester-shire
,
overtook
them
at
Holbeck
in
Stafford-shire
,
the
House
of
Mr.
Stephen
Littleton
,
where
,
upon
their
resistance
,
the
two
Wrights
were
killed
,
Rockwood
,
and
Thomas
Winter
,
grievously
wounded
.
Percy
,
and
Catesby
,
setting
back
to
back
,
fought
desperately
against
all
that
assaulted
them
;
after
many
Swords
drawn
upon
them
,
they
were
both
slain
with
one
shot
of
a
Musquet
.
Francis
Tresham
was
taken
about
the
Court
,
and
sent
to
the
Tower
,
where
he
confessed
all
,
and
within
a
few
dayes
after
died
of
the
Strangury
.
The
rest
were
solemnly
arraigned
,
convicted
,
condemned
at
London
.
Jan.
30.
First
Sir
Everard
Digby
,
Robert
Winter
,
Grant
,
and
Bates
,
were
hanged
,
drawn
,
and
quartered
at
the
West-end
of
St.
Paul's
.
Three
of
them
(
but
especially
Sir
Everard
Digby
)
died
very
penitently
.
Grant
expressed
most
obstinacy
at
his
death
.
The
next
day
Thomas
Winter
,
Ambrose
Rookwood
,
Keys
,
and
Faux
,
were
executed
,
as
the
former
,
in
the
Parliament-yard
in
Westminster
.
Keys
followed
Grant
in
his
obstinacy
:
and
Faux
shewed
more
penitency
than
all
the
rest
.
On
March
twenty
eight
following
,
Henry
Garnet
,
Provincial
of
the
English
Jesuites
,
was
arraigned
in
Guild-hall
,
for
concealing
the
foresaid
Treason
,
where
he
had
judgment
to
be
hanged
,
drawn
,
and
quartered
,
and
accordingly
,
on
May
the
third
,
was
drawn
from
the
Tower
to
the
West-end
of
Paul's-church
,
and
there
executed
.
At
his
death
he
confessed
his
fault
,
asked
forgiveness
,
and
exhorted
all
Catholicks
never
to
plot
any
Treason
against
King
or
State
,
as
a
course
which
God
would
never
prosper
.
The
memory
of
this
deliverance
was
perpetuated
by
Act
of
Parliament
Anno
1605.
died
that
Religious
Prelat
,
Matthew
Hutton
,
Archbishop
of
York
:
one
of
the
last
times
●e
preached
in
his
Cathedral
was
on
this
occasion
:
The
Papists
in
York-shire
were
commanded
,
by
the
Queens
Authority
,
to
be
present
at
three
Sermons
,
and
at
the
two
first
were
so
uncivil
,
that
some
of
them
were
forced
to
be
gagged
before
they
would
be
quiet
.
The
Archbishop
preached
the
last
Sermon
most
gravely
and
solidly
,
taking
for
his
Text
,
John
8.47
.
He
that
is
of
God
,
beareth
God's
Word
:
ye
therefore
hear
them
not
,
because
ye
are
not
of
God
.
Nor
long
after
died
John
young
,
Bishop
of
Rochester
,
and
Anthony
Watson
,
Bishop
of
Chichester
.
The
Parliament
enacted
many
things
for
the
discovering
and
repressing
of
Popish
Recusants
.
Whereof
none
was
more
effectual
,
than
that
Oath
of
Allegiance
,
which
every
Catholick
was
commanded
to
take
.
The
Pope
hereupon
dispatched
two
Breves
into
England
,
prohibiting
all
Catholicks
to
take
this
Oath
,
so
destructive
to
their
own
souls
,
and
the
See
of
Rome
,
exhorting
them
to
suffer
persecution
,
and
manfully
to
endure
Martyrdom
.
Notwithstanding
all
which
,
this
Oath
being
tendred
to
,
was
generally
taken
by
Catholicks
,
without
any
scruple
.
And
particularly
,
George
Blackwell
,
Archpriest
of
the
English
,
being
apprehended
,
and
cast
into
prison
,
by
taking
this
Oath
wrought
his
own
enlargement
.
This
Oath
was
ministred
immediately
after
the
putting
forth
of
a
Proclamation
,
which
commanded
all
Seminaries
and
Jesuits
to
depart
the
Land
.
Now
the
Alarm
being
given
,
whether
this
Oath
was
lawful
or
no
,
both
parties
,
of
Protestants
and
Papists
,
wrote
against
each
other
.
King
James
wrote
an
Apology
for
the
Oath
of
Allegiance
,
together
with
a
Premonition
to
all
most
mighty
Monarchs
,
Kings
,
free
Princes
,
and
States
of
Christendom
,
effectually
confuting
the
Pope's
Breves
.
Bishop
Andrews
wrote
against
Bellarmine
,
Bishop
Barlow
against
Parsons
,
Doctor
Morton
,
Doctor
Robert
Abbot
,
Doctor
Buckeridge
,
Doctor
Collins
,
Doctor
Burrel
,
Mr.
Tomson
,
Doctor
Peter
Du-moulin
,
maintain
the
legality
of
the
Oath
against
Suarez
,
Eudaemon
,
Becanus
,
Coftetus
,
Peleterius
,
and
others
.
Anno
1607.
That
Religious
design
of
King
James
,
for
a
new
Translation
of
the
Bible
,
was
now
effectually
prosecuted
;
and
the
Translators
being
forty
and
seven
in
number
,
were
digested
into
six
companies
,
and
several
Books
were
assigned
them
,
according
unto
the
several
places
wherein
they
were
to
meet
,
confer
,
and
consult
together
;
so
that
nothing
should
pass
without
a
general
consent
.
Westminster
X.
The
Pentateuch
;
the
Story
from
Joshua
to
the
first
Book
of
the
Chronicles
exclusively
.
-
Doctor
Andrews
,
then
Dean
of
Westminster
,
after
Bishop
of
Winchester
.
-
Doctor
Overal
,
then
Dean
of
St.
Pauls
,
after
Bishop
of
Norwich
.
-
Doctor
Saravia
.
-
Doctor
Laifield
,
Rector
of
St.
Clement
Danes
:
Being
skilled
in
Architecture
,
his
judgment
was
relyed
on
for
the
fabrick
of
the
Tabernacle
and
Temple
.
-
Doctor
Leigh
,
Archdeacon
of
Middlesex
,
Parson
of
Alhallows-Barking
.
-
Mr.
Burley
.
-
Mr.
King
.
-
Mr.
Tompson
.
-
Mr.
Bedwel
,
Vicar
of
Tottenham
,
nigh
London
.
Oxford
VII
.
The
four
great
Prophets
,
with
the
Lamentations
,
and
the
twelve
lesser
Prophets
.
-
Doctor
Harding
,
President
of
Magdalen
Colledge
.
-
Doctor
Rainolds
,
President
of
Corpus
Christi
Colledge
.
-
Doctor
Holland
,
Rector
of
Exeter
Colledge
,
and
Regius
Professor
.
-
Doctor
Kilby
,
Rector
of
Lincoln
Colledge
,
and
King's
Professor
.
-
Mr.
Smith
,
after
D.
D.
and
Bishop
of
Glocester
.
-
Mr.
Brett
,
of
Quainton
in
Buckingham-shire
.
-
Mr.
Fairclough
.
Cambridge
VIII
.
From
the
first
of
the
Chronicles
,
with
the
rest
of
the
Story
and
the
Hagiographa
,
viz.
Job
,
Psalms
,
Proverbs
,
Canticles
,
Ecclesiastes
.
-
Mr.
Edward
Lively
.
-
Mr
Richardson
,
after
D.
D.
Master
first
of
Peter-house
,
then
of
Trinity
Colledge
.
-
Mr.
Chaderton
,
after
D.
D.
and
Master
of
Emmanuel
Colledge
.
-
Mr.
Dillingham
of
Christ's
Colledge
.
-
Mr.
Andrews
,
after
D.
D.
Brother
to
the
Bishop
of
Winchester
,
and
Master
of
Jesus
Colledge
.
-
Mr.
Harison
,
Vice-master
of
Trinity
Colledge
.
-
Mr.
Spalding
,
Fellow
of
St.
John's
in
Cambridge
,
and
Hebrew
Professor
therein
.
-
Mr.
Bing
,
Fellow
of
Peter-house
in
Cambridge
,
and
Hebrew
Professor
therein
.
Cambridge
VII
.
The
Prayer
of
Manasseh
,
and
the
rest
of
the
Apocrypha
.
-
Doctor
Duport
,
Master
of
Jesus
Colledge
.
-
Doctor
Branthwait
,
after
Master
of
Gonvil
and
Caius
Colledge
.
-
Doctor
Radclyffe
,
a
Senior
Fellow
of
Trinity
Colledge
.
-
Mr.
Ward
,
after
D.
D.
Master
of
Sidney
Colledge
,
and
Margaret
Professor
.
-
Mr.
Downes
,
Greek
Professor
.
-
Mr.
Boys
,
Fellow
of
St.
John's
Colledge
,
Parson
of
Boxworth
in
Cambridge-shire
.
-
Mr.
Ward
,
Regal
,
after
D.
D.
Rector
of
Bishop's
Waltham
in
Hampshire
.
Oxford
VIII
.
The
four
Gospels
,
Acts
of
the
Apostles
,
Apocalypse
.
-
Doctor
Ravis
,
Dean
of
Christ-church
,
after
Bishop
of
London
.
-
Doctor
George
Abbot
,
Master
of
Vniversity
Colledge
,
afterwards
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
.
-
Doctor
Eedes
.
-
Mr.
Tompson
.
-
Mr.
Savil.
-
Doctor
Peryn
.
-
Doctor
Ravens
.
-
Mr.
Harmer
.
Westminster
VII
.
The
Epistles
of
St.
●aul
,
the
Canonical
Epistles
.
-
Doctor
Barlow
,
of
Trinity-hall
in
Cambridge
,
after
Bishop
of
Lincoln
.
-
Doctor
Hutchinson
.
-
Doctor
Spencer
.
-
Mr.
Fenton
.
-
Mr.
Rabbet
.
-
Mr.
Saunderson
.
-
Mr.
Dakins
.
The
King's
Instructions
to
the
Translators
were
these
following
.
I.
The
ordinary
Bible
read
in
the
Church
,
to
be
followed
,
and
as
little
altered
,
as
the
Original
will
permit
.
Fuller
.
Church
History
.
Anno
1607.
II.
The
names
of
the
Prophets
,
and
the
holy
Writers
,
with
the
other
names
in
the
Text
,
to
be
retained
as
near
as
may
be
,
accordingly
as
they
are
vulgarly
used
.
III.
The
old
Ecclesiastical
words
to
be
kept
,
&c.
IV.
When
any
word
hath
divers
significations
,
that
to
be
kept
which
hath
been
most
commonly
used
by
the
most
eminent
Fathers
,
being
agreeable
to
the
propriety
of
the
place
,
and
the
Analogy
of
Faith
.
V.
The
division
of
the
Chapters
to
be
altered
,
either
not
at
all
,
or
as
little
as
may
be
,
&c.
VI.
No
Marginal
notes
at
all
to
be
affixed
,
but
only
for
the
explanation
of
the
Hebrew
,
or
Greek
words
,
which
cannot
without
some
circumlocution
,
so
briefly
and
fitly
be
expressed
in
the
Text.
VII
.
Such
Quotations
of
places
to
be
marginally
set
down
,
as
shall
serve
for
the
fit
reference
of
one
Scripture
to
another
.
VIII
.
Every
particular
man
,
of
each
company
,
to
take
the
same
Chapter
,
or
Chapters
;
and
having
translated
or
amended
them
severally
by
himself
,
where
he
thinks
good
,
all
to
meet
together
,
confer
what
they
have
done
,
and
agree
for
their
part
what
shall
stand
.
IX
.
As
any
one
company
hath
thus
dispatched
any
one
Book
,
they
shall
send
it
to
the
rest
,
to
be
considered
of
seriously
and
judiciously
.
X.
If
any
company
,
upon
the
review
of
the
Book
so
sent
,
shall
doubt
,
or
differ
upon
any
places
,
to
send
them
word
thereof
,
note
the
places
,
and
therewithall
send
their
Reasons
:
to
which
,
if
they
consent
not
,
the
difference
to
be
compounded
at
the
General
meeting
;
which
is
to
be
of
the
chief
persons
of
each
company
at
the
end
of
the
work
.
XI
.
When
any
place
of
special
obscurity
is
doubted
of
,
Letters
to
be
directed
by
Authority
,
to
send
to
any
learned
in
the
Land
for
his
judgment
in
such
a
place
.
XII
.
Letters
to
be
sent
from
every
Bishop
to
the
rest
of
his
Clergy
,
&c.
to
move
and
charge
as
many
as
,
being
skilful
in
the
Tongues
,
have
taken
pains
in
that
kind
,
to
send
his
particular
Observations
to
the
company
,
either
at
Westminster
,
Cambridge
,
or
Oxford
.
XIII
.
The
Directors
in
each
Company
to
be
the
Deans
of
Westminster
,
and
Chester
,
for
that
place
;
and
the
King's
Professors
in
the
Hebrew
and
the
Greek
in
each
University
.
XIV
.
These
Translations
to
be
used
,
when
they
agree
better
with
the
Text
,
than
the
Bishops
Bible
ordinarily
read
in
the
Church
:
Viz.
-
Tindals
.
-
Mathews
.
-
Coverdales
.
-
Whitchurch
.
-
Geneva
.
Three
or
four
of
the
most
grave
Divines
in
either
of
the
Universities
,
not
employed
in
translating
,
to
be
assigned
by
the
Vice-Chancellor
,
upon
Conference
with
the
rest
of
the
Heads
,
to
be
Overseers
of
the
Translations
,
as
well
Hebrew
as
Greek
.
The
untimely
death
of
Mr.
Edward
Lively
(
much
weight
of
the
Work
lying
on
his
Skill
in
the
Oriental
Tongues
)
happening
about
this
time
,
much
retarded
their
proceedings
.
On
May
21.
1607.
died
Doctor
John
Rainolds
,
King's
Professor
in
Oxford
,
and
one
of
those
Translators
of
the
Bible
.
So
great
was
his
Memory
,
that
he
could
readily
turn
to
all
material
passages
in
every
Leaf
,
Page
,
Volume
,
Paragraph
,
in
all
his
voluminous
Books
.
A
man
of
a
solid
Judgment
,
and
great
Humility
.
His
disaffection
to
the
established
Discipline
was
not
so
great
,
as
some
Bishops
did
suspect
,
or
as
more
Non-conformists
did
believe
.
He
desired
the
abolishing
of
some
Ceremonies
for
the
ease
of
others
Consciences
,
to
which
,
in
his
own
practise
,
he
did
willingly
submit
,
kneeling
at
the
Sacrament
,
and
constantly
wearing
Hood
and
Surplice
.
On
his
death-bed
he
desired
Absolution
,
according
to
the
form
of
the
Church
of
England
,
and
received
it
from
Doctor
Holland
.
Doctor
Featly
made
his
Funeral
Oration
in
the
Colledge
,
Sir
Isaac
Wake
in
the
University
.
In
this
year
died
Richard
Vaughan
,
D.
D.
successively
Bishop
of
Bangon
,
Chester
,
and
London
:
Mr.
Thomas
Brightman
died
the
same
year
.
He
was
born
in
the
Town
of
Nottingham
,
bred
in
Queens
Colledge
in
Cambridge
,
where
a
constant
opposition
,
in
point
of
Judgment
,
about
Ceremonies
,
was
maintained
betwixt
him
and
Doctor
Meryton
,
afterwards
Dean
of
York
.
He
died
suddenly
(
according
to
his
desire
)
and
was
buried
at
Haunes
in
Bedford-shire
,
whereof
he
had
been
Minister
fifteen
years
,
Doctor
Bulkley
preaching
his
Funeral
Sermon
.
King
James
founded
a
Colledge
at
Chelsey
,
and
bestowed
on
the
same
,
by
his
Letters
Patents
,
the
Reversion
of
good
Land
in
Chelsey
,
then
in
possession
of
Charles
Earl
of
Nottingham
.
Doctor
Matthew
Sutcliffe
,
Dean
of
Exeter
,
bestowed
on
this
Colledge
,
The
Farms
of
-
Kingston
,
-
Hazzard
,
-
Appleton
,
-
Kramerland
,
In
the
Parish
of
-
1.
Staverton
.
-
2.
Harberton
.
-
3.
Churchton
.
-
4.
Stoke-rivers
.
All
in
the
County
of
Devon
,
and
put
together
worth
300
l.
per
Annum
.
Besides
these
,
by
his
Will
he
bequeathed
unto
Doctor
John
Prideaux
,
and
Doctor
Clifford
(
as
Feoffees
in
trust
to
settle
the
same
on
the
Colledge
)
the
benefit
of
the
extent
on
a
Statute
of
four
thousand
pounds
,
acknowledged
by
Sir
Lewis
Steukly
,
&c.
Here
we
will
insert
the
number
and
names
of
the
Provost
and
first
Fellows
.
-
Matthew
Sutcliff
,
Dean
of
Exceter
,
Provost
.
-
1.
John
Overal
,
Dean
of
St.
Paul's
.
-
2.
Thomas
Morton
,
Dean
of
Winchester
.
-
3.
Richard
Field
,
Dean
of
Glocester
.
-
4.
Robert
Abbot
.
Doctor
of
Divinity
.
-
5.
John
Spencer
.
Doctor
of
Divinity
.
-
6
Miles
Smith
.
Doctor
of
Divinity
.
-
7.
William
Cevit
.
Doctor
of
Divinity
.
-
8.
John
Hewson
.
Doctor
of
Divinity
.
-
9.
John
Layfield
,
Doctor
of
Divinity
.
-
10.
Benjamin
Carrier
,
Doctor
of
Divinity
.
-
11.
Martin
Fotherby
,
Doctor
of
Divinity
.
-
12.
John
Boys
,
Doctor
of
Divinity
.
-
13.
Richard
Bret.
Doctor
of
Divinity
.
-
14.
Peter
Lilie
.
Doctor
of
Divinity
.
-
15.
Francis
Burley
.
Doctor
of
Divinity
.
-
16.
William
Hellier
,
Archdeacon
of
Barstable
.
-
17.
John
White
,
Fellow
of
Manchester
Colledge
.
-
William
Camden
,
Clarenceaux
,
Historians
.
-
John
Haywood
,
Doctor
of
Law
,
Historians
.
To
promote
this
Work
,
his
Majesty
sent
his
Letters
to
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
to
stir
up
all
the
Clergy
in
his
Province
to
contibute
to
so
pious
a
Work
.
The
Archbishop
sent
his
additional
Letter
to
his
Clergy
to
the
same
intent
:
yet
for
all
these
endeavours
,
and
Collections
in
all
the
Parishes
of
England
,
slow
and
small
were
the
sums
of
money
brought
in
to
this
Work
,
Many
things
obstructed
those
hopeful
proceedings
,
especially
the
untimely
death
of
Prince
Henry
,
the
chief
Author
of
this
design
,
as
some
conceived
.
At
this
present
it
hath
but
little
of
the
case
,
and
nothing
of
the
Jewel
,
for
which
it
was
intended
.
Almost
rotten
before
ripe
,
and
ruinous
before
it
was
finished
.
Anno
1609.
died
William
Overton
,
Bishop
of
Coventry
and
Litchfield
,
Martin
Heton
,
Bishop
of
Ely
,
and
Thomas
Ravis
,
successively
Bishop
of
Glocester
,
and
London
.
Anno
1610.
Gervas
Babington
,
Bishop
of
Worcester
,
ended
his
pious
life
.
The
same
year
expired
Bishop
Bancroft
,
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
.
He
bequeathed
his
Library
,
the
confluence
of
his
own
Collections
,
with
his
Predecessors
,
Whitgift
,
Grindal
,
Parker
,
to
Chelsey
Colledge
:
and
if
that
took
not
effect
,
to
the
publick
Library
in
Cambridge
,
where
at
this
day
they
remain
.
George
Abbot
succeeded
him
in
the
See
of
Canterbury
.
Now
after
long
expectation
,
and
great
desire
,
came
forth
the
new
Translation
of
the
Bible
,
most
beautifully
printed
,
by
a
select
and
competent
number
of
Divines
,
appointed
for
that
purpose
;
whose
Industry
,
Skilfulness
,
Piety
,
and
Discretion
,
hath
therein
bound
the
Church
unto
them
in
a
debt
of
thankfulness
,
as
Mr.
Fuller
well
noteth
.
The
Romanists
take
exceptions
at
the
several
sences
of
words
noted
in
the
Margin
.
And
some
Brethren
complained
of
this
Translation
,
for
lack
of
the
Geneva
Annotations
.
But
those
Notes
could
no
way
be
fitted
to
this
new
Edition
of
the
Bible
.
And
as
some
perchance
over-valued
the
Geneva
Notes
,
out
of
that
special
love
they
bear
to
the
Authors
,
and
place
whence
it
proceeded
;
so
on
the
other
side
,
some
without
cause
did
slight
,
or
rather
uncharitably
did
slander
the
same
:
for
about
this
time
(
Anno
1611.
Fuller
.
Church
History
.
Anno
1611.
)
a
Doctor
in
Oxford
publickly
,
in
his
Sermon
at
St.
Maries
,
accused
them
as
guilty
of
misinterpretation
touching
the
Divinity
of
Christ
,
and
his
Messias-ship
,
as
if
symbolizing
with
Arrians
and
Jews
against
them
both
;
for
which
he
was
afterwards
suspended
by
Doctor
Robert
Abbot
,
Propter
conciones
publicas
minus
orthodoxas
,
&
offensionis
plenas
.
This
year
King
James
was
careful
for
the
seasonable
suppression
of
the
dangerous
Doctrines
of
Conradus
Vorstius
.
This
Doctor
had
lived
about
fifteen
years
a
Minister
at
Steinford
,
within
the
Territories
of
the
Counts
of
TECLENBVRG
,
BENTHAM
,
&c.
the
Counts
whereof
were
the
first
in
casting
off
the
Romish
yoke
,
and
ever
since
continuing
Protestants
.
This
Vorstius
had
written
to
,
and
received
Letters
from
certain
Samosatenian
Hereticks
in
Poland
,
and
became
infected
therewith
.
Hereupon
he
set
forth
two
Books
;
the
one
entitled
,
IRACTATVS
THEOLOGICVS
DE
DEO
,
dedicated
to
the
Land-grave
of
HESSEN
:
the
other
EXEGESIS
APOLOGETICA
,
dedicated
to
the
States
,
both
of
them
stuffed
with
many
dangerous
Positions
concerning
the
Deity
.
This
Wretch
debased
the
Purity
of
God
,
assigning
him
a
material
body
,
confining
his
Immensity
,
as
not
being
every
where
,
shaking
his
Immutability
,
as
if
his
Will
were
subject
to
change
;
darkening
his
Omnisciency
,
as
uncertain
in
future
contingents
,
with
many
more
monstrous
Opinions
.
Notwithstanding
all
this
,
the
said
Vorstius
was
chosen
by
the
Curators
of
the
University
of
Leyden
,
to
be
their
publick
Divinity-Professor
,
in
the
place
of
Arminius
lately
deceased
;
and
to
that
end
the
States
General
,
by
their
Letters
sent
,
and
sued
to
the
Count
of
TECKLENBOVRGH
and
obtained
of
him
,
that
Vorstius
should
come
from
Steinford
,
and
become
publick
Professor
in
Leyden
.
King
James
being
this
Autumn
in
his
hunting
Progress
,
did
light
upon
,
and
perused
the
aforesaid
Books
of
Vorstius
;
he
observed
the
dangerous
Positions
therein
,
determining
speedily
to
oppose
them
.
Hereupon
he
presently
dispatched
a
Letter
to
Sir
Ralph
Winwood
,
his
Ambassador
,
Resident
with
the
States
,
requiring
him
to
let
them
understand
,
how
highly
he
should
be
displeased
,
if
such
a
Monster
as
Vorstius
,
should
be
advanced
in
their
Church
.
This
was
seconded
with
a
large
Letter
of
his
Majesties
to
the
States
,
dated
October
the
sixth
,
to
the
same
effect
.
But
the
States
entertain
not
the
motion
of
King
James
against
Vorstius
,
according
to
expectation
.
They
said
,
That
if
Vorstius
had
formerly
been
faulty
in
offensive
expressions
,
he
had
since
cleared
himself
in
a
new
Declaration
.
For
lately
he
set
forth
a
Book
,
entitled
,
A
Christan
and
modest
Answer
,
but
he
gave
no
satisfaction
in
his
new
Declaration
.
King
James
therefore
gave
Instructions
to
his
Ambassador
,
to
make
publick
protestation
against
their
proceedings
,
which
Sir
Ralph
Winwood
most
solemnly
performed
.
And
after
his
Majesties
Request
,
Letter
,
and
Protestation
,
had
missed
their
desired
effect
;
he
wrote
in
French
a
Declaration
against
Vorstius
,
which
since
,
by
his
leave
,
hath
been
translated
into
English
,
among
his
other
Works
.
Vorstius
his
Books
were
also
,
by
the
King's
Command
,
publickly
burnt
at
St.
Paul's-cross
in
London
,
and
in
both
Universities
.
The
same
year
,
in
March
,
Bartholomew
Legate
,
an
Arrian
,
was
burnt
in
Smithfield
,
for
denying
the
Deity
of
the
Son
of
God
,
and
holding
,
that
there
are
no
Persons
in
the
Godhead
,
with
many
other
damnable
Tenets
.
In
the
next
month
Edward
Wightman
,
of
Burton
upon
Trent
,
was
burnt
at
Litchfield
,
for
holding
ten
several
Heresies
,
viz.
those
of
Ebion
Cerinthus
,
Valentinian
,
Arrius
,
Macedonius
,
Simon
Magus
,
Manes
,
Manicheus
,
Photinus
,
and
of
the
Anabaptists
.
Only
a
Spanish
Arrian
,
who
was
condemned
to
die
,
was
notwithstanding
suffered
to
linger
out
his
Life
in
Newgate
,
where
he
ended
the
same
.
This
year
died
Richard
Sutton
,
the
Founder
of
Charter-house
Hospital
,
Esquire
.
The
Manors
which
in
several
Counties
he
setled
,
for
the
maintenance
of
this
Hospital
,
were
these
.
-
1.
Balsham
Mannor
in
Cambridge-shire
.
-
2.
Blastingthorp
Mannor
in
Lincoln-shire
.
-
3.
Black-grove
Mannor
in
Wilt-shire
.
-
4.
Broad-Hinton
Land
in
Wilt-shire
.
-
5.
Castle-Camps
Mannor
in
Cambridge-shire
.
-
6.
Chilton
Mannor
in
Wilt-shire
-
7.
Dunby
Mannor
in
Lincoln-shire
.
-
8.
Elcomb
Mannor
and
Park
in
Wilt-shire
.
-
9.
Hackney
Land
in
Middlesex
.
-
10.
Hallingbury-Bouchers
Mannor
in
Essex
.
-
11.
Missunden
Mannor
in
Wilt-shire
.
-
12.
Much-Stanbridge
Mannor
in
Essex
.
-
13.
Norton
Mannor
in
Essex
.
-
14.
Salthrop
Mannor
in
Wilt-shire
.
-
15.
South-minster
Mannor
in
Essex
.
-
16.
Tottenham
Land
in
Middlesex
.
-
17.
Vfford
Mannor
in
Wilt-shire
.
-
18.
Watelscot
Mannor
in
Wilt-shire
.
-
19.
Westcot
Mannor
in
Wilt-shire
.
-
20.
Wroughton
Mannor
in
Wilt-shire
.
Anno
1612.
On
November
the
sixth
,
died
Prince
Henry
of
a
burning
Fever
.
He
was
generally
lamented
of
the
whole
Land
,
both
Universities
publishing
their
Verses
in
print
.
Prince
Henry's
Funerals
are
followed
with
the
Prince
Palatine's
Nuptials
,
solemnized
with
great
state
.
Anno
1613.
Nicholas
Wadham
Esquire
,
of
Merrifield
in
the
County
of
Sommerset
,
bequeathed
,
by
his
Will
,
four
hundred
pounds
per
annum
,
and
six
thousand
pounds
in
Money
,
to
the
building
of
a
Colledge
in
Oxford
,
leaving
the
care
of
the
Whole
to
Dorothy
his
Wife
:
This
year
the
same
was
finished
,
built
in
a
place
where
formerly
stood
a
Monastery
of
the
Augustine
Friars
.
This
year
Anthony
Rudd
,
Bishop
of
St.
Davids
ended
his
Life
,
Some
three
years
since
(
on
the
death
of
King
Henry
the
Fourth
)
Isaac
Causabon
,
that
learned
Critick
,
was
fetcht
out
of
France
by
King
James
,
and
preferred
Prebendary
of
Canterbury
.
Presently
he
wrote
,
First
to
Fronto
Duraeus
,
his
learned
Friend
;
then
to
Cardinal
Perron
,
in
the
just
vindication
of
our
English
Church
.
After
these
he
began
his
Exercitations
on
Baronius
his
Ecclesiastical
Annals
,
which
more
truly
may
be
termed
,
The
Annals
of
the
Church
of
Rome
.
He
died
,
and
was
buried
in
the
South-Isle
of
Westminster-Abby
.
His
Monument
was
erected
at
the
cost
of
Thomas
Morton
,
Bishop
of
Durham
.
Anno
1614.
Mr.
John
Selden
set
forth
his
Book
of
Tithes
,
wherein
he
Historically
proveth
,
that
they
were
payable
jure
humano
,
and
not
otherwise
.
Many
wrote
in
answer
to
his
Book
.
Anno
1616.
Mr.
Andrew
Melvin
was
freed
from
his
imprisonment
in
the
Tower
,
whither
he
had
been
committed
for
writing
some
Satyrical
Verses
against
the
Ornaments
on
the
Altar
in
the
King's
Chappel
.
He
afterwards
became
a
Professor
at
Sedan
,
in
the
Duke
of
Bovillon's
Country
.
Here
he
traduced
the
Church
of
England
,
against
which
he
wrote
a
Scroll
of
Saphicks
,
entitled
,
TAMI-CHAMI-CATEGERPA
.
When
first
brought
into
the
Tower
,
he
first
found
Sir
William
Seymour
(
afterwards
Marquess
of
Hertford
,
and
Duke
of
Sommerset
,
)
there
imprisoned
for
marrying
the
Lady
Arabella
,
so
nearly
allyed
to
the
Crown
,
without
the
King's
consent
:
To
whom
Melvin
sent
this
Distick
.
Causa
mihi
tecum
communis
carceris
,
Ara
Regia
,
Bella
tibi
,
Regia
sacra
mihi
.
Anno
1615.
died
Thomas
Bilson
,
Bishop
of
Winchester
,
a
profound
Scholar
,
well
read
in
the
Fathers
.
Anno
1616.
Marcus
Antonius
de
Dominis
,
Archbishop
of
Spalato
,
came
over
into
England
.
The
same
year
King
James
went
into
Scotland
,
with
a
Princely
Train
,
to
visit
his
native
Country
.
This
year
died
Doctor
William
James
,
Bishop
of
Durham
.
Two
other
prime
Prelats
also
followed
him
,
viz.
Doctor
Henry
Robinson
,
Bishop
of
Carlisle
,
and
Robert
Bennet
,
Bishop
of
Hereford
,
termed
(
saith
Mr.
Fuller
)
Eruditus
Benedictus
.
Doctor
Mocket
,
Warden
of
All-Souls
in
Oxford
,
set
forth
a
Book
in
pure
Latin
,
containing
,
-
The
Apology
of
the
Church
of
England
.
-
The
greater
and
lesser
Catechism
.
-
The
nine
and
thirty
Articles
.
-
The
Common-prayer
.
-
The
Ordination
of
Bishops
,
Priests
and
Deacons
.
-
The
Polity
,
or
Government
of
the
Church
of
England
.
He
epitomized
the
Homilies
into
certain
Propositions
faithfully
extracted
.
The
Book
fared
the
worse
for
the
Author
;
the
Author
had
for
his
Patron
the
Archbishop
,
against
whom
many
Bishops
began
then
to
combine
.
Dr.
Mocket's
Book
was
censured
to
be
burnt
,
which
was
done
accordingly
:
soon
after
he
ended
his
life
.
Anno
1617.
died
Robert
Abbot
,
Bishop
of
Salisbury
,
he
died
of
the
Stone
,
and
was
much
lamented
by
the
University
of
Oxford
.
About
this
time
William
Perry
,
a
Boy
dweling
at
Bilson
in
Stafford-shire
,
not
full
fifteen
years
of
Age
,
was
practised
on
by
some
Jesuites
(
repairing
to
the
House
of
Mr.
Gifford
,
in
that
County
)
to
dissemble
himself
possessed
.
But
the
Boy
having
gotten
a
habit
of
counterfeiting
,
leading
a
lazy
life
thereby
,
to
his
own
ease
and
Parents
profit
,
would
not
be
undeviled
by
all
their
Exorcismes
so
that
the
Priests
raised
up
a
Spirit
which
they
could
not
allay
.
At
last
by
the
Industry
of
Dr.
Morton
,
then
Bishop
of
Coventry
and
Litchfield
,
the
jugling
was
laid
open
to
the
World
by
the
Boys
own
confession
and
repentance
.
All
this
King's
Reign
was
scattered
over
with
Cheaters
in
this
kind
.
Some
Papists
,
some
Sectaries
;
some
neither
.
Papists
.
-
Sarah
Williams
.
-
Grace
Sourbuts
of
Salmisbury
in
Lancashire
.
-
Mary
and
Amy
two
Maids
of
Westminster
.
-
Edward
Hance
,
a
Popish
Priest
.
No
Papists
.
-
Richard
Heydock
,
Fellow
of
New
Colledge
in
Oxford
,
Preached
in
his
dreams
Latin
Sermons
against
the
Hierarchy
.
He
recanted
,
and
lived
long
after
in
Sarum
,
practising
Physick
,
being
also
a
good
Poet
,
Limner
,
and
Engraver
.
-
Anne
Gunt●r
,
a
Maid
of
Windsor
,
had
strange
exratick
phrensies
,
and
gave
out
she
was
possessed
of
a
Devil
.
-
A
Maid
at
Standon
in
Hertford-shire
,
so
personated
a
Demoniack
,
that
she
deceived
many
.
The
King
having
the
last
year
in
his
progress
,
into
Scotland
,
through
Lancashire
,
observed
,
that
by
the
strictness
of
some
Magistrates
and
Ministers
,
in
several
places
,
people
were
hindered
from
their
recreations
on
the
Sunday
,
the
Papists
being
thereby
perswaded
that
no
recreation
was
tolerable
in
our
Religion
;
whereupon
the
Court
being
at
Greenwich
,
he
set
forth
a
Declaration
for
liberty
on
the
Lord's
day
:
When
this
Declaration
came
abroad
,
many
were
offended
at
it
.
But
no
Minister
was
enjoyned
to
read
the
Book
in
his
Parish
,
wherewith
they
had
so
affrighted
themselves
.
Yet
many
conceived
,
that
the
Declaration
came
forth
seasonably
,
to
suppress
the
endeavour
of
such
,
who
now
began
to
broach
the
dregs
of
Judaism
,
whereof
John
Thrask
was
a
principal
,
who
asserted
,
That
the
Lord's
day
was
to
be
observed
with
the
same
strictness
by
Christians
,
as
it
was
by
Jews
,
and
that
all
meats
drinks
forbidden
in
the
Levitical
Law
bound
Christians
to
the
same
observance
,
thereby
opening
the
door
to
led
in
the
rabble
of
all
Ceremonies
.
He
seduced
many
souls
with
his
Tenets
,
and
his
own
wife
among
many
others
.
For
these
he
was
censured
in
the
Star-chamber
,
but
afterwards
recanted
his
Opinions
.
He
afterwards
relapsed
,
not
into
the
same
,
but
other
Opinions
.
Sclater
.
Exposit.
in
1
Thes.
ch.
1.
v.
4.
He
asserted
,
That
one
may
know
Another's
Election
:
or
,
That
one
that
is
the
child
of
God
may
infallibly
know
the
Election
and
Regeneration
of
Another
.
Dr.
William
Sclater
,
saith
,
That
for
his
outragious
behaviour
he
received
publick
stigmatical
punishment
.
At
this
time
began
the
troubles
in
the
Low
Countries
about
matters
of
Religion
,
heightned
between
two
opposit
parties
;
Remonstrants
,
and
Contra-remonstrants
.
Their
controversies
being
chiefly
reducible
to
five
points
,
Of
Predestination
and
Reprobation
,
of
the
latitude
of
Christ's
death
;
of
the
power
of
Man's
free-will
,
both
before
and
after
his
conversion
;
and
of
the
Elect's
perseverance
in
Grace
.
To
decide
these
difficulties
,
The
States
of
the
Vnited
Provinces
,
resolved
to
call
a
National
Synod
at
Dort
,
desiring
some
forreign
Princes
to
send
them
the
aid
of
their
Divines
for
so
pious
a
Work
.
Especially
,
they
requested
our
King
of
Great
Britain
,
to
contribute
his
assistance
thereunto
,
who
out
of
his
Princely
wisdom
made
choice
of
,
-
George
Carleton
,
D.
D.
then
Bishop
of
Landaff
,
and
afterwards
Bishop
of
Chichester
.
-
Joseph
Hall
,
D.
D.
then
Dean
of
Worcester
,
and
after
Bishop
of
Exeter
and
Norwich
.
-
John
Davenant
,
D.
D.
then
Margaret-Professor
,
and
Master
of
Queens
Colledge
in
Cambridge
.
-
Samuel
Ward
,
D.
D.
then
Master
of
Sidney
Colledge
in
Cambridge
,
and
Archdeacon
of
Taunton
.
These
repairing
to
his
Majesty
at
New-market
,
received
Instructions
from
him
concerning
their
behaviour
in
the
Synod
;
on
October
27.
they
came
to
the
Hague
,
where
they
kissed
the
hand
of
his
Excellency
,
Grave
Maurice
,
to
whom
the
Bishop
made
a
short
speech
,
and
by
whom
they
were
all
courteously
entertained
.
Hence
they
removed
to
Dort
,
where
November
3.
the
Synod
began
.
Every
one
at
his
first
entrance
taking
an
admission
Oath
.
These
four
Divines
had
allowed
them
by
the
week
threescore
and
ten
pounds
;
weekly
Intelligence
was
communicated
to
the
King
from
his
Divines
.
On
December
to
Walter
Dalcanqual
B.
D.
and
Fellow
of
Pembrook-hall
,
came
into
the
Synod
,
being
added
to
the
four
English
Colleagues
in
the
name
of
the
Church
of
Scotland
.
Dr.
Hall
finding
that
Air
not
agreeing
with
his
health
,
on
his
humble
request
,
obtained
his
Majestie
's
leaue
to
returne
whereupon
with
a
Latin
speech
gravely
delivered
,
he
publickly
took
his
solemn
farewell
of
the
Synod
,
and
returned
into
his
own
Countrey
.
On
January
7.
Dr.
Thomas
Goad
,
Chaplain
to
George
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
came
into
the
Synod
,
sent
thither
by
his
Majesty
of
Great
Britain
.
April
the
twentieth
,
the
Belgick
Confession
was
brought
into
the
Synod
,
containing
matter
both
of
Doctrine
and
Discipline
,
and
the
publick
consent
thereunto
was
required
.
Here
Bishop
Carleton
,
in
the
name
of
the
rest
,
approved
all
the
points
of
Doctrine
.
But
as
for
matter
of
Discipline
,
that
his
own
Order
,
and
his
Mother-church
,
might
not
suffer
therein
,
and
he
seem
by
silence
to
betray
the
cause
thereof
,
a
Protest
was
entred
by
him
as
mouth
for
the
rest
,
to
preserve
the
same
.
These
things
he
professed
himself
to
have
hinted
,
not
to
offend
those
Churches
therewith
,
but
to
defend
their
own
Church
of
England
.
To
this
Interpellation
of
the
British
Divines
,
nothing
at
all
was
answered
.
And
such
as
desire
further
satisfaction
herein
,
may
peruse
the
joynt
Attestation
which
those
English
Divines
did
set
forth
,
Anno
1626.
to
justifie
their
proceedings
therein
.
On
April
29.
the
Synod
ended
.
The
States
to
express
their
gratitude
,
gave
to
the
English
Divines
two
hundred
pounds
at
their
departure
,
to
bear
their
charges
in
their
return
;
besides
a
Golden
Medal
of
good
value
was
given
to
every
one
of
them
,
wherein
the
sitting
of
the
Synod
was
artificially
represented
.
When
their
work
was
ended
,
they
viewed
the
most
eminent
Cities
in
the
Low
Countries
,
and
at
all
places
were
bountifully
received
,
Fuller
.
Church
Hist.
Ad.
An.
1618.
Leiden
onely
excepted
:
for
the
Great
ones
of
that
University
,
at
this
time
being
Remonstrants
,
were
disaffected
to
the
decisions
of
the
Synod
.
This
gave
occasion
to
that
passage
in
the
speech
of
Sir
Dudley
Carleton
,
the
English
Ambassador
,
when
in
the
name
of
his
Master
he
tendred
publick
thanks
to
the
States
for
their
Great
respects
to
the
English
Divines
,
using
words
to
this
effect
,
That
they
had
been
entertained
at
Amsterdam
,
welcommed
at
the
Hague
,
cheerfully
received
at
Rotterdam
,
kindly
embraced
at
Utrecht
,
&c.
and
that
they
had
seen
Leiden
.
How
high
an
esteem
the
STATES
GENERAL
,
had
of
our
English
Divines
will
appear
by
their
Letters
which
they
sent
to
King
James
,
written
in
Latin
.
With
which
Letters
they
came
over
into
England
,
and
presented
themselves
to
the
King
at
Court
,
where
after
courteous
entertaining
of
them
,
he
favourably
dismissed
them
,
Removing
Bishop
Carleton
to
Chichester
,
preferring
Dr.
Davenant
to
the
Bishoprick
of
Salisbury
,
and
bestowing
the
Mastership
of
the
Savoy
upon
Balcanqual
.
The
decisions
of
this
Synod
have
been
since
approved
,
applauded
,
Joh.
Goodwin
.
in
his
Redemption
Redeemed
,
c.
15.
parag.
24.
magnified
by
some
;
vilified
,
condemned
by
others
.
Of
such
as
dislike
the
Synod
,
none
falls
heavier
upon
it
,
than
Mr.
John
Goodwin
,
charging
the
Synodians
to
have
taken
a
previous
Oath
to
condemn
the
opposite
party
on
what
termes
soever
.
Mr.
Fuller
desirous
to
be
rightly
informed
herein
,
wrote
a
Letter
to
Bishop
Hall
,
who
was
pleased
to
return
him
this
answer
.
Whereas
you
desire
from
me
a
just
relation
of
the
carriage
of
the
business
of
the
Synod
of
Dort
,
and
the
conditions
required
of
our
Divines
there
,
at
,
or
before
their
Admission
to
that
Grave
and
Learned
Assembly
;
I
,
whom
God
was
pleased
to
employ
,
as
an
unworthy
Agent
in
that
great
work
,
and
to
reserve
still
upon
Earth
,
after
all
my
Reverend
and
Worthy
Associates
;
do
,
as
in
the
presence
of
that
God
,
to
whom
I
am
now
daily
expecting
to
yield
up
my
account
,
testifie
to
you
,
and
(
if
you
will
)
to
the
World
,
that
I
cannot
without
just
indignation
read
that
slaunderous
Imputation
which
Mr
,
Goodwin
,
in
his
Redemption
Redeemed
,
reports
to
have
been
raised
,
and
cast
upon
those
Divines
,
eminent
both
for
Learning
and
Piety
:
That
they
suffered
themselves
to
be
bound
with
an
Oath
,
at
,
or
before
their
Admission
into
that
Synod
,
to
vote
down
the
Remonstrants
howsoever
;
so
as
they
came
deeply
preingaged
to
the
decision
of
those
unhappy
differences
.
All
th●●ath
that
was
required
of
us
was
this
,
After
that
the
Moderator
,
Assistents
,
and
Scribes
were
chosen
,
and
the
Synod
formed
,
and
the
several
members
allowed
,
there
was
a
solemn
Oath
required
to
be
taken
by
every
one
of
that
Assembly
,
which
was
publickly
done
in
a
grave
manner
,
by
every
person
in
their
order
,
standing
up
,
and
laying
his
Hand
upon
his
heart
,
calling
the
great
God
of
Heaven
to
witness
,
that
he
would
unpartially
proceed
in
the
judgement
of
these
Controversies
,
which
should
be
laid
before
him
,
onely
out
of
,
and
according
to
the
written
Word
of
God
,
and
no
otherwise
;
so
determining
of
them
,
as
he
should
find
in
his
Conscience
most
agreeable
to
the
holy
Scriptures
.
Which
Oath
was
punctually
agreed
to
be
thus
taken
by
the
Articles
of
the
States
,
concerning
the
Indiction
,
and
ordering
of
the
Synod
,
as
plainly
appeareth
in
their
tenth
Article
;
and
this
was
all
the
Oath
that
was
either
taken
or
required
,
&c.
The
same
year
died
Dr.
James
Mountague
,
the
worthy
Bishop
of
Winchester
,
son
to
Sir
Edward
Mountague
of
Boughton
in
Northamptonshire
,
highly
favoured
by
King
James
,
preferring
him
to
the
Bishoprick
first
of
Bath
and
Wells
,
then
to
Winchester
.
In
Bath
he
lies
buried
under
a
fair
Tomb
,
though
the
whole
Church
be
his
Monument
,
which
his
Bounty
repaired
.
Anno
1619.
died
John
Overal
,
Bishop
of
Norwich
,
accounted
one
of
the
most
Learned
Controversial
Divines
of
those
days
.
Anno
1620.
the
Protestant
States
of
the
Upper
and
Lower
Austria
,
upon
the
approach
of
the
Bavarian
Army
,
seeing
nothing
but
manifest
ruin
,
renounce
their
Confederacy
with
the
Bohemians
,
and
submit
to
the
Emperor
,
Rushworth
.
Histor.
Collections
.
saving
to
themselves
their
Rights
and
Priviledges
in
Religion
.
And
the
Elector
of
Saxony
assists
the
Emperor
,
and
executes
the
Ban
against
the
Palatine
.
King
James
soon
after
receives
the
news
of
the
Palsgrave's
overthrow
.
After
the
Assembly
at
Segenbergh
,
,
the
Palatine
and
his
Princess
took
their
journey
into
Holland
,
where
they
found
a
refuge
,
and
noble
entertainment
with
the
Prince
of
Orange
.
The
Ambassage
of
Weston
and
Conway
prevailed
little
.
More
Princes
of
the
union
reconcile
themselves
to
the
Emperor
.
The
Imperial
Protestant
Towns
,
Strasburgh
,
Worms
,
and
Norembergh
,
subscribe
to
conditions
of
Peace
.
The
reconciled
Princes
and
States
intercede
for
the
Elector
Palatine
,
but
in
vain
.
In
England
the
Parliament
petition
the
King
for
the
due
execution
of
Laws
against
Jesuites
,
Seminary
Priests
,
and
Popish
Recusants
.
On
July
10.
1621.
John
Williams
D.
D.
and
Dean
of
Westminster
,
was
sworn
Keeper
of
the
Great
Seal
of
England
.
Then
the
King
was
sollicited
from
Spain
and
Rome
,
to
enlarge
his
favours
to
Popish
Recusants
.
The
House
of
Commons
presented
to
the
King
a
petition
and
Remonstrance
,
which
laid
open
the
distempers
of
those
times
,
with
their
Causes
and
Cures
.
They
Represented
to
Him
,
-
I.
The
Vigilancy
and
Ambition
of
the
Pope
of
Rome
,
and
his
dearest
Son
,
the
one
aiming
at
as
large
a
Temporal
Monarchy
,
as
the
other
at
a
Spiritual
Monarchy
.
-
II.
The
devilish
Doctrines
whereon
Popery
is
built
,
and
taught
with
Authority
to
their
followers
,
for
advancement
of
their
Temporal
ends
.
-
III.
The
miserable
estate
of
the
professors
of
true
Religion
in
forreign
parts
.
-
IV.
The
disastrous
accidents
to
his
Majestie
's
children
abroad
,
&c.
-
V.
The
strange
confederacy
of
Popish
Princes
,
&c.
-
VI.
The
interposing
of
forreign
Princes
and
their
Agents
in
the
behalf
of
Popish
Recusants
,
&c.
-
VII
.
Their
usual
resort
to
the
Houses
and
Chappels
of
forreign
Ambassadors
.
-
VIII
.
Their
more
than
usual
concourse
to
the
City
,
and
their
frequent
Conventicles
and
conferences
there
.
-
IX
.
The
education
of
their
Children
in
several
Seminaries
and
Houses
of
their
Religion
in
forreign
parts
,
appropriated
to
the
English
fugitives
.
-
X.
The
licentious
Printing
and
dispersing
of
Popish
and
Seditious
Books
,
even
in
the
time
of
Parliament
.
-
XI
.
The
swarms
of
Priests
and
Jesuites
dispersed
in
all
parts
of
the
Kingdom
.
From
these
Causes
they
offered
to
his
Majesty
,
what
dangerous
Effects
,
they
foresaw
,
would
follow
.
-
I.
The
Popish
Religion
is
incompatible
with
ours
,
in
respect
of
their
positions
.
-
II.
It
draws
with
it
an
unavoidable
dependancy
on
forreign
Princes
.
-
III.
If
once
it
get
but
a
connivency
,
it
will
press
for
a
Toleration
,
&c.
Then
they
propounded
Remedies
against
these
,
some
whereof
were
,
That
for
securing
the
peace
at
home
,
his
Majesty
would
be
pleased
to
review
the
parts
of
their
petition
formerly
delivered
to
him
,
and
to
put
in
execution
,
by
the
eare
of
choice
Commissioners
to
be
thereunto
appointed
,
the
Laws
already
,
and
hereafter
to
be
made
,
for
preventing
of
dangers
by
Popish
Recusants
.
That
the
Children
of
the
Nobility
,
and
Gentry
,
of
this
Kingdom
,
and
of
others
,
suspected
in
their
Religion
,
now
beyond
the
Seas
,
may
be
forthwith
called
home
.
That
the
Children
of
Popish
Recusants
,
&c.
be
brought
up
during
their
minority
with
Protestant
School-masters
.
That
his
Majesty
will
be
pleased
to
revoke
all
former
Licenses
for
such
Children
to
travel
beyond
the
Seas
,
and
not
grant
any
such
License
hereafter
,
&c.
The
House
had
sufficient
Cause
to
set
forth
the
danger
of
true
Religion
,
when
besides
the
great
wound
made
in
Germany
,
and
the
cruelties
of
the
prevailing
House
of
Austria
,
the
Protestants
in
France
were
almost
ruined
by
Lewis
the
Thirteenth
;
being
now
besieged
in
Montauban
by
the
King
,
and
in
Rochel
by
Count
Soisons
,
and
the
Duke
of
Guise
.
And
for
their
Relief
the
King
of
England
prevailed
nothing
by
sending
of
Sir
Edward
Herbert
,
since
Baron
of
Cherbury
,
and
after
him
the
Viscount
Doncaster
,
Ambassador
for
Mediation
.
About
this
time
a
sad
misfortune
befel
George
Abbot
,
Lord
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
for
shooting
at
a
Deer
with
a
Cross-bow
in
Bramshil
.
Park
,
belonging
to
the
Lord
Zouch
;
he
casually
killed
the
Keeper
.
The
King
made
choice
of
the
Lord
Keeper
,
the
Bishop
,
of
London
,
Winton
,
Rochester
,
St.
Davids
,
and
Exeter
,
Sir
Henry
Hobart
,
Justice
Dolleridge
,
Sir
Henry
Martin
,
and
Doctor
Stuart
,
to
inform
him
of
the
nature
of
this
cause
,
and
the
scandal
that
might
arise
thereupon
,
whether
to
an
Irregularity
,
or
otherwise
.
However
this
consultation
was
managed
,
the
Archbishop
was
not
deprived
.
In
this
business
,
Bishop
Andrews
proved
the
Archbishop's
great
friend
.
The
Archbishop
gave
twenty
pound
a
year
to
the
man's
Widow
.
He
kept
a
monethly
fast
on
a
Tuesday
,
as
the
day
whereon
this
casualty
befell
.
About
this
time
young
Merick
Casaubon
set
for
t
a
Book
in
defence
of
his
deceased
Father
,
against
Herbert
Roswed
a
Jesuite
;
and
Andrew
Schoppius
a
notorious
railer
,
Julius
Caesar
Bullinger
,
and
Andrew
Eudemono
Joannes
.
He
thought
it
his
duty
to
assert
his
Father's
memory
,
and
to
give
a
brief
account
of
his
life
and
conversation
.
Upon
the
remove
of
Richard
Milborn
to
Carlile
,
Doctor
William
Laud
,
President
of
St.
John's
Colledge
in
Oxford
,
was
made
Bishop
of
St.
David's
.
He
founded
in
Oxford
a
Professor
in
the
Arabick
Tongue
.
This
year
died
John
King
,
Bishop
of
London
.
He
was
sworn
first
Chaplain
to
King
James
,
who
commonly
called
him
,
The
King
of
Preachers
.
And
Sir
Edward
Coke
,
said
of
him
,
He
was
the
best
speaker
,
in
Star-chamber
,
in
his
time
.
When
Bishop
of
London
,
unless
hindred
by
sickness
,
he
omitted
no
Lord's
day
,
wherein
he
did
not
visit
some
Pulpit
in
London
,
or
near
it
.
The
Papists
raised
a
false
aspersion
upon
him
,
That
at
his
death
he
was
reconciled
to
the
Church
of
Rome
:
but
this
was
sufficiently
confuted
by
those
eye
and
ear-witnesses
,
present
,
at
his
pious
departure
.
George
Mountain
,
Bishop
of
Lincoln
succeeded
him
in
his
See
.
The
same
year
died
William
Cotton
Bishop
of
Exeter
,
whom
Valentine
Carew
,
Dean
of
St.
Paul's
,
succeedeth
.
Robert
Townson
Bishop
of
Sarisbury
dieth
,
whom
John
Davenant
succeedeth
.
Therein
also
expired
Dr.
Andrew
Willet
,
a
man
of
great
judgement
and
Industry
,
one
that
had
a
large
soul
in
a
narrow
estate
.
The
same
year
died
also
Richard
Parry
,
Bishop
of
St.
Asaph
.
We
will
conclude
this
year
with
the
death
of
Mr.
Francis
Mason
,
who
wrote
that
worthy
Book
,
De
Ministerio
Anglicano
.
Anno
1622.
Multitudes
of
Priests
and
Popish
Recusants
then
imprisoned
,
Rushw
.
Hist.
Collect.
were
released
,
which
the
Spaniards
professed
to
be
a
great
demonstration
of
the
King
's
sincere
affection
,
to
confirm
the
amity
between
the
Crowns
.
But
a
General
offence
was
taken
at
this
Indulgence
to
Papists
.
The
next
year
began
with
the
end
of
that
arrant
Apostata
in
this
Land
,
M.
Antonius
de
Dominis
,
Anno
1622.
Archbishop
of
Spalato
,
and
his
fair
riddance
out
of
it
.
He
had
fourteen
years
been
Archbishop
of
Spalato
in
Dalmatia
,
under
the
State
of
Venice
,
and
had
now
been
five
years
in
England
.
Conscience
in
shew
,
and
Covetousness
indeed
,
caused
his
coming
hither
.
He
wrote
sharply
against
the
Pope
,
Fuller
.
Church
Hist.
An.
1622.
out
of
a
particular
grudge
against
Pope
Paul
,
who
had
ordered
him
to
pay
a
yearly
pension
of
five
hundred
Crowns
out
of
his
Bishoprick
,
to
one
Audrentius
,
a
Suffragan
Bishop
,
which
this
Archbishop
refused
to
do
.
The
matter
was
brought
to
the
Court
of
Rome
,
where
the
Archbishop
,
angry
that
he
was
cast
in
his
Cause
,
posts
out
of
Italy
,
through
Germany
into
the
Low
Countries
,
and
thence
came
over
into
England
.
Here
multitudes
of
people
flocked
to
behold
this
old
Archbishop
,
now
a
new
Convert
.
Prelates
and
Peers
presented
him
with
gifts
of
high
valuation
.
He
was
Feasted
wheresoever
he
came
,
and
both
the
Universities
(
when
he
visited
them
)
highly
honoured
him
.
But
above
all
King
James
was
most
munificent
to
him
.
The
King
consigned
him
to
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
for
his
present
entertainment
,
and
as
an
earnest
of
his
bounty
sent
him
to
Lambeth
,
a
fair
Bason
and
Boll
of
Silver
,
Misit
mihi
Rex
Magnae
Britanniae
polubrum
argenteum
ad
abstergendas
sordes
Romanae
Ecclesiae
,
&
poculum
argenteum
,
ad
imbibendam
Evangelii
puritatem
.
which
Spalato
received
with
this
complement
,
The
King
of
Great
Britain
hath
sent
me
a
Silver
Bason
,
to
wash
from
me
the
filth
of
the
Roman
Church
;
and
a
Silver
Cup
to
mind
me
to
drink
the
purity
of
the
Gospel
.
Preferment
is
quickly
conferred
upon
him
,
as
the
Deanery
of
Windsor
,
and
the
Master-ship
of
the
Hospital
of
the
Savoy
,
with
a
good
Parsonage
at
West-Ilsey
in
Berk-shire
,
being
a
peculiar
belonging
to
the
Episcopal
jurisdiction
of
the
Dean
of
Windsor
,
which
Parsonage
he
collated
on
himself
.
He
improved
the
profits
of
his
place
to
the
utmost
,
and
had
a
design
to
question
all
his
Predecessors
Leases
at
the
Savoy
,
and
began
to
be
vexatious
to
his
Tenants
:
for
which
he
was
gravely
and
sharply
reproved
by
Dr.
King
,
then
Bishop
of
London
.
Spalato
complained
to
King
James
,
who
in
some
choler
said
,
Extraneus
,
extraneus
es
,
relinque
res
sicut
eas
invenisti
;
You
are
a
Stranger
,
you
are
a
stranger
,
leave
things
as
you
found
them
.
He
would
passionately
perswade
others
unto
bounty
to
the
poor
,
though
he
would
give
nothing
himself
.
He
now
perfects
his
Books
,
the
Collections
whereof
were
made
by
him
at
Spalato
.
His
works
(
being
three
fair
Folio's
,
De
Republica
Ecclesiastica
)
give
ample
testimony
of
his
abilities
.
He
delighted
in
jeering
;
one
of
his
Sarcasms
he
unhappily
bestowed
on
Count
Gondomar
,
the
Spanish
Ambassador
,
telling
him
,
That
three
turns
at
Tyburn
,
was
the
onely
way
to
cure
his
Fistula
.
Gondomar
hereupon
meditates
revenge
,
and
tells
King
James
,
That
his
charity
abused
his
Judgment
,
in
conceiving
Spalato
a
true
Convert
,
who
still
in
heart
remained
a
Roman
Catholick
.
The
Ambassador
writes
to
the
King
of
Spain
,
He
to
Pope
Gregory
the
Fifteenth
,
that
Spalato
might
be
pardoned
,
and
preferred
in
the
Church
of
Rome
,
which
was
easily
obtained
.
Letters
are
sent
from
Rome
to
Count
Gondomar
,
written
by
the
Cardinal
Millin
,
to
impart
them
to
Spalato
,
informing
him
of
his
pardon
at
Rome
,
and
that
upon
his
return
the
Pope
would
prefer
him
to
the
Bishoprick
of
Salerno
in
Naples
,
worth
twelve
thousands
pounds
by
the
year
;
and
also
that
a
Cardinal's
Hat
should
be
bestowed
upon
him
.
And
if
Spalato
with
his
hand
subscribed
to
this
Letter
would
renounce
what
formerly
he
had
Printed
,
an
Apostolical
Breve
,
with
pardon
,
should
solemnly
be
sent
him
to
Bruxels
.
Spalato
embraceth
the
motion
,
recanteth
his
Opinions
largely
,
subscribes
solemnly
,
and
thanketh
the
Pope
affectionately
for
his
favour
:
Gondomar
carrieth
his
subscription
to
King
James
,
who
is
glad
to
behold
the
Hypocrite
unmasked
.
Now
died
Toby
Mathew
,
Archbishop
of
York
;
presently
posts
Spalato
to
Theobalds
,
becomes
an
Earnest
Petitioner
to
the
King
for
the
vacant
Archbishoprick
,
and
is
as
flatly
denied
.
Spalato
offended
at
this
repulse
,
requests
his
Majesty
by
his
Letter
to
grant
him
his
good
leave
to
depart
the
Kingdom
.
Five
days
after
the
Bishops
of
London
and
Durham
,
with
the
Dean
of
Westminster
,
by
his
Majestie
's
direction
,
repaired
to
Spalato
,
propounding
unto
Him
sixteen
Queries
,
all
arising
out
of
his
own
Letter
,
and
requiring
him
to
give
the
explanation
of
five
of
the
most
material
under
his
hand
,
for
his
Majestie
's
greater
satisfaction
,
which
he
did
accordingly
:
yet
not
so
clearly
,
but
that
it
occasioned
a
second
meeting
,
wherein
more
interrogatories
were
propounded
unto
him
,
to
all
which
he
gave
his
answers
.
He
pretended
many
reasons
for
his
return
.
In
pursuance
of
which
his
desire
,
he
wrote
a
second
Letter
to
King
James
.
At
length
Spalato
appears
before
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
the
Bishops
of
Lincoln
,
London
,
Durham
,
Winchester
,
at
Lambeth
,
where
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
in
a
long
Latin
Speech
,
recapitulated
the
many
misdemeanors
of
Spalato
,
principally
insisting
on
his
changing
of
Religion
,
as
appeared
by
his
purpose
of
returning
to
Rome
:
and
that
contrary
to
the
Laws
of
this
Realm
,
he
had
held
correspondency
with
the
Pope
,
without
the
privity
of
the
King's
Majesty
.
To
which
charge
when
Spalato
had
made
a
shuffling
excuse
,
rather
than
a
just
defence
,
the
Archbishop
in
his
Majestie
's
name
commanded
him
to
depart
the
Kingdom
within
twenty
days
,
and
never
to
return
again
.
To
this
he
promised
obedience
,
protesting
,
he
would
ever
justifie
the
Church
of
England
for
Orthodox
in
Fundamentals
,
even
in
the
presence
of
the
Pope
,
or
whomsoever
,
though
with
the
loss
of
his
life
.
However
,
he
was
loth
to
depart
,
and
secretly
deals
with
his
Friends
in
the
English
Court
,
that
his
Majesty
would
permit
him
to
stay
.
But
in
vain
,
and
therefore
within
the
time
appointed
,
he
went
over
in
the
fame
Ship
with
Count
Swartenzburgh
,
the
Emperor's
Ambassador
,
rerurning
hence
into
Flanders
.
Being
come
to
Bruxels
,
he
recants
his
Religion
,
and
rails
bitterly
on
the
English
Church
.
Here
he
stayed
six
moneths
for
the
Pope's
Breve
,
which
at
last
was
utterly
denied
him
.
Now
he
desperately
adventures
to
Rome
,
barely
presuming
on
promises
,
and
the
Friendship
of
Pope
Gregory
the
Fifteenth
,
then
Pope
,
formerly
his
Colleague
,
and
Chamber-fellow
.
He
lived
at
Rome
not
loved
,
and
died
unlamented
.
He
was
clapt
into
prison
,
his
study
seized
on
,
wherein
many
papers
were
found
speaking
Heresie
enough
,
his
Adversaries
being
admitted
sole
Interpreters
thereof
.
He
died
some
moneths
after
,
and
after
his
death
his
Excommunicated
Corps
were
put
to
publick
shame
,
and
solemnly
proceeded
against
,
in
the
Inquisition
,
for
relapsing
into
Heresie
since
his
return
to
Rome
.
Fuller
.
Church
Hist.
Ad.
Ar.
1622.
Several
Articles
of
Heresie
are
charged
upon
him
,
and
he
found
convict
thereof
,
is
condemned
to
have
his
body
burnt
by
the
publick
Executioner
in
the
Field
of
Flora
,
which
was
performed
accordingly
.
The
Spanish
Match
was
now
the
Discourse
general
,
but
at
last
it
brake
off
:
Heaven
forbidding
the
Banes
(
saith
Mr.
Fuller
)
even
at
the
third
and
last
asking
thereof
.
King
James
falls
off
,
and
for
a
condition
of
the
Marriage
,
demands
the
Restitution
of
the
Palatinate
.
The
Prince
returns
from
Spain
.
Then
was
there
a
conference
entertained
between
Dr.
White
,
and
Dr.
Featly
,
Protestants
;
Father
Fisher
,
and
Father
White
,
Jesuites
:
Now
hapned
the
fatal
Vespers
at
Black-friers
in
London
,
Father
Drury
a
Jesuite
,
of
excellent
Morals
,
Preached
there
in
a
great
upper-room
,
next
to
the
House
of
the
French
Ambassador
,
where
three
hundred
persons
were
assembled
.
His
Text
Matth.
18.32
.
O
thou
ungratious
servant
,
I
forgave
thee
all
the
debt
,
because
thou
desiredst
me
,
shouldst
not
Thou
also
have
had
compassion
on
thy
fellow-servant
?
In
application
whereof
he
bitterly
inveighed
against
the
Protestants
.
About
the
middle
of
his
Sermon
,
and
the
day
declining
,
on
a
sudden
the
Floor
fell
down
where
they
were
assembled
;
many
were
killed
,
more
bruised
,
all
frightted
.
Ninety
five
persons
were
slain
,
among
whom
Mr.
Drury
,
Mr.
Rodiat
,
Priests
,
with
the
Lady
Webb
,
were
of
the
chiefest
note
.
Twenty
of
the
poorer
sort
were
buried
hard
by
in
one
Grave
,
and
the
rest
bestowed
by-their
friends
in
several
places
of
Sepulture
.
Yet
notwithstanding
this
sad
Accident
,
The
Letter
may
be
read
at
large
in
Rushworth's
Collect.
and
Fuller
.
Church
History
.
the
Papists
were
very
insolent
towards
all
true
English
men
,
the
rather
,
because
it
was
generally
reported
,
That
his
Majesty
intended
a
Toleration
of
Religion
:
which
made
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
in
a
serious
Letter
,
to
present
the
King
with
his
apprehensions
;
beseeching
the
King
to
consider
,
Lest
by
this
Toleration
,
and
discountenancing
of
the
true
profession
of
the
Gospel
,
wherewith
God
hath
blessed
us
,
and
this
Kingdom
hath
so
long
flourished
under
it
,
God's
heavy
wr●th
be
not
drawn
upon
this
Kingdom
,
&c.
What
effect
this
Letter
took
is
unknown
,
sure
it
is
,
all
mens
mouths
were
filled
with
a
discourse
of
a
Toleration
,
for
,
or
against
it
:
yea
the
Pulpits
are
loud
against
Toleration
.
Now
because
the
peoples
mouths
were
open
,
and
some
Preachers
were
two
busie
,
the
King
gave
directions
for
the
regulation
of
the
Ministry
,
in
his
Letters
directed
to
the
Lord
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
:
for
many
shallow
Preachers
handled
the
profound
points
of
Predestination
,
&c.
Sermons
were
turned
into
Satyrs
against
Papists
,
and
Non-conformists
.
The
King
revived
the
primitive
and
profitable
order
of
Catechizing
in
the
after-noon
.
Various
censures
were
passed
on
the
King's
Letters
.
But
these
Instructions
from
his
Majesty
were
not
pressed
with
equal
rigour
in
all
places
.
Both
the
Palatinates
were
now
lost
,
the
Vpper
seized
on
by
the
Emperor
;
the
Nether
by
the
King
of
Spain
;
the
City
of
Heidelberg
taken
and
plundered
,
and
the
inestimable
Library
of
Books
therein
carried
over
the
Alpes
on
Mules
backs
to
Rome
.
Now
those
Books
are
placed
in
the
Pope's
Vatican
.
The
Duke
of
Bavaria
was
invested
in
the
upper
Palatinate
.
Anno
1624.
The
match
with
France
was
concluded
,
and
in
November
the
Articles
were
sworn
unto
by
King
James
,
Prince
Charles
,
and
the
French
King
.
The
Articles
for
Religion
were
not
much
short
of
those
for
Spanish
match
.
Count
Mansfield
was
at
this
time
in
England
,
and
the
Forces
raised
in
the
several
parts
of
the
Kingdom
for
the
recovery
of
the
Palatinate
,
were
put
under
his
command
.
Dover
was
the
place
assigned
for
their
Rendezvous
,
where
the
Colonels
and
Captains
were
to
receive
their
several
Regiments
and
Companies
,
from
the
Conductors
employed
by
those
several
Counties
where
the
men
were
raised
.
These
being
long
pent
up
in
their
Ships
,
suffered
the
want
of
all
necessaries
,
by
which
means
a
Pestilence
devoured
many
of
them
,
so
that
scarce
a
Third
part
of
the
men
were
landed
;
the
which
also
afterwards
mouldred
away
,
and
the
design
came
to
nothing
.
At
this
time
upon
the
death
of
William
,
Titular
Bishop
of
Calcedon
,
most
of
the
English
Secular
Priests
did
petition
the
Pope
,
that
another
Bishop
might
be
sent
over
into
England
,
there
to
ordain
Priests
,
give
Confirmation
,
and
exercise
Episcopal
jurisdiction
.
Among
others
Matthew
Kellison
,
and
Richard
Smith
,
were
presented
.
Not
long
after
Pope
Vrban
the
Eighth
,
created
Richard
Smith
,
Bishop
of
Calcedon
,
and
sent
him
into
England
with
Episcopal
Authority
over
the
Priests
within
the
English
Dominions
.
King
James
,
after
he
had
been
troubled
with
a
Tertian
Fever
four
weeks
at
Theobalds
,
called
unto
him
his
onely
Son
,
Prince
Charles
,
to
whom
he
recommended
the
protection
of
the
Church
of
England
,
&c.
and
died
on
the
seven
and
twentieth
day
of
March
.
He
Reigned
twenty
two
years
and
three
days
.
The
sad
news
of
King
James
his
death
was
brought
to
White-hall
,
when
Dr.
Laud
,
Bishop
of
St.
David's
,
was
Preaching
therein
.
This
caused
him
to
break
off
his
Sermon
in
the
midst
thereof
,
out
of
civil
compliance
with
the
sadness
of
the
Congregation
.
And
the
same
day
was
King
Charles
Proclaimed
at
Whitehall
.
Shortly
after
,
King
James
his
death
,
Bishop
Land
delivered
to
the
hands
of
the
Duke
of
Buckingham
,
brief
memorables
of
the
Life
and
Death
of
King
James
.
On
May
fourteenth
following
,
King
James
his
Funerals
were
performed
very
solemnly
in
the
Collegiate-church
at
Westminster
.
King
Charles
in
his
own
person
mournfully
attended
the
Funerals
of
his
Father
.
Dr.
Williams
,
Lord
Keeper
,
and
Bishop
of
Lincoln
,
Preached
the
Sermon
,
taking
for
his
Text
,
2
Chron.
9.29
,
30
,
and
part
of
vers.
31.
containing
the
happy
Reign
,
quiet
Death
,
and
stately
Burial
of
King
Solomon
.
In
this
Sermon
he
made
a
parallel
between
two
peaceable
Princes
,
King
Solomon
and
King
James
,
adding
,
that
Solomon's
vices
could
be
no
blemish
to
King
James
,
who
resembled
him
onely
in
his
choycest
vertues
.
Doctor
Preston
still
continued
,
and
increased
in
the
favour
of
the
King
,
and
the
Duke
of
Buckingham
.
Then
a
Book
came
forth
,
called
Apello
Caesarem
,
made
by
Mr.
Mountague
,
then
Fellow
of
Eaton
,
upon
this
occasion
.
He
had
lately
written
Satyrically
enough
against
the
Papists
,
in
confutation
of
The
Gagger
of
the
Protestants
.
Now
two
Divines
of
Norwich
Diocese
,
Mr.
Yates
,
and
Mr.
Ward
,
inform
against
him
for
deserting
our
Cause
,
instead
of
defending
it
.
Mr.
Mountague
in
his
own
Vindication
writes
a
second
Book
licensed
by
Francis
White
,
Dean
of
Carlile
,
finished
,
and
partly
Printed
in
the
Reign
of
King
James
.
Many
bitter
passages
in
this
his
Book
gave
great
exception
.
At
that
time
a
Schedule
was
delivered
to
the
Duke
wherein
the
names
of
Ecclesiastical
persons
were
written
,
under
the
letters
of
O
,
and
P
,
Rushw
.
Collect
.
An.
1625.
O
standing
for
Orthodox
,
and
P.
for
Puritans
:
for
the
Duke
commanded
that
the
names
of
eminent
persons
to
be
presented
unto
the
King
should
be
thus
digested
under
that
partition
.
On
Sunday
June
12.
Queen
Mary
landed
at
Dover
:
Next
day
the
King
coming
from
Canterbury
,
met
her
at
Dover
,
Thence
his
Majesty
conducted
the
Queen
to
Canterbury
,
and
the
same
Evening
the
Marriage
was
there
consummated
.
On
June
16.
the
King
and
Queen
came
both
to
London
.
A
Chappel
at
Sommerset-house
was
built
for
the
Queen
and
her
Family
,
with
conveniences
thereto
adjoyning
for
Capuchin
Friers
,
who
were
therein
placed
,
and
had
permission
to
walk
abroad
in
their
Religious
habits
.
Then
began
a
Parliament
at
London
,
wherein
the
first
Statute
agreed
upon
was
for
the
more
strict
observation
of
the
Lord's
day
.
Sir
Edward
Coke
went
to
the
House
of
Peers
with
a
message
from
the
Commons
,
desiring
their
concurrence
in
a
petition
concerning
Religion
,
and
against
Recusants
,
which
being
agreed
to
,
and
presented
to
the
King
,
his
Majesty
answered
,
That
he
was
glad
,
that
the
Parliament
was
so
forward
in
matters
of
Religion
;
and
assured
them
,
they
should
find
him
as
forward
.
Mr.
Richard
Mountague
was
brought
to
the
Bar
of
the
Commons
House
,
for
his
Book
fore-mentioned
,
which
was
Printed
,
and
dedicated
to
King
Charles
.
But
the
King
rescued
him
from
the
House
of
Commons
,
by
taking
Mr.
Mountague's
business
into
his
own
hand
.
The
Plague
increasing
in
London
,
the
Parliament
removed
to
Oxford
,
where
Doctor
Chalenor
died
of
that
infection
.
The
Parliament
to
prevent
the
growth
of
Popery
,
presented
a
petition
to
his
Majesty
,
containing
sixteen
particulars
,
to
which
they
received
a
satisfactory
answer
from
the
King
.
Mr.
Mountagues
cause
was
recommended
to
the
Duke
of
Buckingham
,
by
the
Bishops
of
Rochester
,
Oxford
,
and
St.
Davids
,
as
the
cause
of
the
Church
of
England
.
They
affirm
boldly
,
that
they
cannot
conceive
,
what
use
there
can
be
of
Civil
Government
in
the
Common-wealth
,
or
of
external
Ministry
in
the
Church
,
if
such
fatal
Opinions
as
some
are
,
which
are
opposite
to
those
of
Mr.
Mountague
,
be
publickly
taught
and
maintained
.
But
other
Learned
men
were
of
a
different
judgement
.
At
Oxford
in
a
late
Divinity
disputation
held
upon
this
Question
,
Whether
a
Regenerate
man
may
fall
away
totally
and
finally
from
Grace
?
The
Opponent
urging
the
Appeal
to
Caesar
,
the
Doctor
of
the
Chair
handled
the
Appellator
very
roughly
,
saying
,
That
he
was
a
man
that
studied
phrases
more
than
matter
;
That
he
understood
neither
Articles
nor
Homilies
,
or
at
least
perverted
both
;
That
he
attributed
,
he
knew
not
what
vertue
to
the
sign
of
the
Cross
;
and
concluded
with
an
Admonition
to
the
Juniors
,
That
they
should
be
wary
of
reading
that
and
the
like
Books
.
The
King
according
to
his
late
answer
to
the
Parliament
at
Oxford
,
issued
out
a
Commission
to
the
Judges
,
to
see
the
Law
against
Recusants
put
in
Execution
.
This
was
read
in
all
the
Courts
of
Judicature
at
Reading
(
where
Michaelmas
Term
was
kept
)
and
a
letter
directed
to
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
to
take
special
care
for
the
discovery
of
Jesuites
,
Seminary
Priests
,
&c.
within
his
Province
.
In
this
and
the
next
year
many
Books
from
persons
of
several
abilities
and
professions
,
were
written
against
Mr.
Mountague
,
by
Dr.
Sutcliff
Dean
of
Exeter
;
Mr.
Henry
Burton
;
Mr.
Yates
,
a
Minister
of
Norfolk
,
his
Book
he
entitled
,
Ad
Caesarem
ibis
.
Dr.
Carleton
,
Bishop
of
Chichester
;
Anthony
Wotton
,
Divinity-professor
in
Gresham
Colledge
,
and
Mr.
Francis
Rowse
,
a
Lay-man
.
His
Majesty
sensible
of
his
Subjects
great
distast
at
Mr.
Mountague's
Book
,
resolved
to
leave
him
to
stand
or
fall
according
to
the
justness
of
his
Cause
.
The
Duke
imparted
as
much
to
the
Bishop
of
St.
David's
,
who
conceived
it
of
such
ominous
concernment
,
that
he
entred
the
same
in
his
Diary
,
viz.
I
seem
to
see
a
cloud
arising
,
and
threatning
the
Church
of
England
,
God
for
his
mercy
dissipate
it
.
The
King
issued
forth
a
Proclamation
,
Whereby
he
commanded
the
return
,
within
limited
time
,
of
all
such
Children
of
Noble-men
,
and
other
his
natural
Subjects
,
who
were
now
breeding
up
in
Schools
and
Seminaries
,
and
other
Houses
of
the
Popish
Religion
beyond
the
Seas
.
That
their
Parents
,
Tutors
,
and
Governors
,
take
present
order
to
recal
them
home
,
and
to
provide
,
that
they
return
by
the
day
prefixt
,
at
the
utmost
severity
of
his
Majestie
's
Justice
.
He
commanded
further
,
That
no
Bishop
,
Priest
,
or
any
other
person
,
having
taken
Orders
under
any
Authority
derived
from
the
See
of
Rome
,
do
presume
to
confer
Ecclesiastical
Orders
,
or
exercise
Ecclesiastical
Function
,
or
Jurisdiction
toward
any
of
his
Natural
Subjects
,
in
any
of
his
Dominions
,
&c.
On
Candlemas-day
King
Charles
was
Crowned
,
Bishop
Laud
had
the
chief
hand
in
compiling
the
form
of
the
Coronation
,
and
had
the
honour
to
perform
this
Solemnity
,
instead
of
the
late
Lord
Keeper
Williams
,
who
(
through
the
King's
di●favour
)
was
sequestred
from
this
service
,
which
belonged
to
his
place
,
as
he
was
Dean
of
Westminster
.
Dr.
Senhouse
,
Bishop
of
Carlile
,
Preached
at
the
Coronation
.
The
Coronation
Oath
was
tendred
to
the
King
by
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
.
The
Ceremonies
of
the
Coronation
being
ended
,
the
Regalia
were
offered
at
the
Altar
by
Bishop
Laud
,
in
the
King's
Name
,
and
then
reposited
.
Bishop
Williams
fallen
into
disgrace
,
by
the
displeasure
of
the
Duke
of
Buckingham
,
besought
his
Majesty
,
That
he
would
mitigate
the
Duke's
causeless
anger
towards
him
;
and
that
in
his
absence
in
the
Parliament
,
no
use
might
be
made
of
his
Majestie
's
sacred
Name
to
wound
the
Reputation
of
a
poor
Bishop
,
&c.
On
Monday
,
February
the
sixth
,
began
the
second
Parliament
of
the
King's
Reign
.
The
House
of
Commons
began
where
they
left
at
Oxford
,
with
matters
of
Religion
and
publick
grievances
.
They
made
strict
enquiry
into
what
abuses
had
been
of
the
King's
grace
,
since
that
time
,
and
who
were
the
Authors
and
Abbertors
thereof
;
for
they
had
been
informed
of
many
Pardons
and
Reprieves
to
Priests
and
Jesuites
.
An
Act
was
tendred
against
scandalous
Ministers
.
It
was
moved
,
that
some
provision
might
be
made
against
scandalous
Livings
,
as
well
as
against
scandalous
Ministers
.
A
Committee
was
named
concerning
Religion
,
and
the
Growth
of
Popery
,
and
Mr.
Mountague's
[
Appeal
to
Caesar
]
was
again
brought
in
question
,
This
Book
the
Commons
referred
to
the
Committee
for
Religion
,
the
contents
whereof
were
reported
from
Mr.
Pym
to
the
House
,
and
the
House
passed
their
Votes
thereupon
;
That
Mr.
Mountague
endeavoured
to
reconcile
England
to
Rome
,
and
to
alienate
the
King's
affections
from
his
well-affected
Subjects
.
Divers
Articles
were
exhibited
by
the
Commons
against
Mr.
Mountague
.
They
prayed
,
That
the
said
Mr.
Mountague
might
be
punished
according
to
his
Demerits
,
and
that
the
Book
aforesaid
might
be
suppressed
and
burnt
.
Many
resorting
to
hear
Mass
at
Durham
house
,
in
the
Lodgings
of
a
Forreign
Ambassador
,
the
Bishop
of
Durham
was
required
to
apprehend
such
of
the
King's
Subjects
as
should
be
present
at
the
Mass
,
and
to
commit
them
to
prison
.
There
was
also
a
Letter
sent
from
the
Attorney
General
,
to
the
Judges
of
the
circuits
,
to
direct
their
proceedings
against
Recusants
.
Fuller
.
Church
Hist.
An.
1626.
During
the
sitting
of
this
Parliament
,
at
the
procurement
of
Robert
Rich
,
Earl
of
Warwich
,
a
conference
was
kept
in
York
house
,
before
the
Duke
of
Buckingham
and
other
Lords
,
betwixt
Dr.
Buckeridge
Bishop
of
Rochester
,
and
Dr.
White
Dean
of
Carlile
,
on
the
one
side
;
and
Dr.
Morton
Bishop
of
Coventry
and
Dr.
Preston
on
the
other
,
chiefly
,
About
the
possibility
of
one
elected
to
fall
from
grace
.
The
passages
of
which
conference
are
variously
reported
.
Soon
after
a
second
conference
was
in
the
same
place
,
on
the
same
points
,
before
the
same
persons
,
betwixt
Dr.
White
Dean
of
Carlile
,
and
Mr.
Mountague
on
the
one
side
,
and
Dr.
Morton
Bishop
of
Litchfield
,
and
Dr.
Preston
on
the
other
.
But
these
conferences
rather
increased
the
differences
,
than
abated
them
.
An
old
Hall
in
Oxford
,
formerly
called
Broad-gates-Hall
,
was
this
year
turned
into
a
new
Colledge
,
and
called
Pembrook
Colledge
,
partly
in
respect
to
William
Earl
of
Pembrook
,
then
Chancellor
of
the
University
.
This
Colledge
consisteth
of
a
Master
,
ten
Fellows
,
and
ten
Scholars
,
with
other
Students
and
Officers
to
the
number
of
one
hundred
sixty
nine
.
Now
Dr.
Preston
decline's
in
the
Duke's
favour
,
and
the
Duke
betakes
himself
to
the
opposit
Interest
.
This
year
died
Arthur
Lake
,
Bishop
of
Bath
and
Wells
;
and
Lancelot
,
Andrews
,
who
had
been
Dean
of
Westminster
,
Bishop
of
Chichester
,
Ely
,
and
at
last
,
of
Winchester
.
Doctor
Nicholas
Felton
,
Bishop
of
Ely
,
died
some
days
after
Bishop
Andrews
.
About
this
time
the
Marshal
of
Middlesex
petitioned
to
the
Committee
of
the
House
of
Commons
touching
his
resistance
in
seizing
of
Priests
goods
.
A
Warrant
was
made
by
Mr
Attorney-General
to
John
Tendring
Marshal
of
Middlesex
,
and
all
other
therein
named
,
to
search
the
prison
of
the
Clink
,
and
to
seize
all
Popish
and
superstitious
matters
there
found
.
A
Letter
also
was
directed
to
Sir
George
Paul
,
a
Justice
of
Peace
in
Surrey
,
to
pray
him
to
take
care
in
expediting
that
service
.
Upon
search
four
several
Priests
were
found
in
the
Clink
,
viz.
Preston
,
Candon
,
Warrington
,
Prator
,
Preston
was
committed
to
the
Clink
about
sixteen
years
since
,
and
discharged
of
his
imprisonment
about
seven
years
ago
,
yet
remained
there
in
the
Prison
still
,
attended
with
two
Women
servants
,
and
one
Man
servant
,
who
as
it
was
suspected
,
had
continued
with
him
ever
since
the
Gunpowder-Treason
.
Rushw
.
Collec
.
Anno
1626.
Anno
1605.
He
kept
there
by
himself
apart
from
the
Keeper
of
the
prison
,
and
had
for
his
lodging
part
of
the
Bishop
of
Winchester's
house
,
into
which
there
was
a
passage
made
through
the
prison-yard
.
There
were
found
in
his
Chamber
five
or
six
Cart-loads
of
Books
set
up
with
shelves
,
as
in
a
Library
,
or
Book-seller's
shop
,
supposed
to
be
worth
two
thousand
pounds
at
least
:
besides
which
it
was
affirmed
by
the
Keeper
of
the
prison
,
that
he
had
a
greater
Library
abroad
.
There
were
also
found
two
Altars
ready
furnished
for
Mass
;
one
more
publick
in
an
upper
Chamber
,
the
other
more
private
,
in
a
Study
,
many
rich
Copes
,
Surplices
,
Wax-candles
,
Crosses
,
Crucifixes
very
rich
,
Beads
,
Jewels
,
Chaines
,
Chalices
of
Silver
and
of
Gold
;
five
or
six
bags
of
money
which
were
not
opened
,
and
loose
money
to
the
quantity
of
an
hundred
pound
thrown
up
and
down
in
his
Desk
;
abundance
of
Manuscripts
,
and
a
pacquet
of
Letters
bound
up
together
with
a
thread
.
In
Candon's
Chamber
was
found
an
Altar
ready
furnished
with
many
Plates
,
Jewels
,
rich
Pictures
and
Manuscripts
,
Wax-candles
,
&c.
with
many
Books
in
a
Study
.
In
another
Study
of
his
many
curious
Tools
and
Engines
,
three
Rapiers
,
one
Pistol
,
and
a
Fowling
piece
,
the
pictures
of
Queen
Elizabeth
,
King
James
,
Queen
Anne
,
and
King
Charles
.
He
had
also
in
his
custody
all
the
Keeper's
Warrants
for
committing
of
his
prisoners
,
which
were
found
in
his
Chamber
,
together
with
some
store
of
Plate
,
which
he
said
he
kept
for
the
Keeper's
wife
.
In
Warrington's
Chamber
were
found
Books
,
Beads
,
Boxes
of
Oyl
for
extreme
Unction
,
&c.
But
the
wall
thereof
was
broken
down
into
another
house
adjoyning
to
the
Prison
,
through
which
it
is
conceived
the
rest
of
Warrington's
stuffe
was
convaied
away
in
the
Interim
of
the
search
made
in
the
two
former
Chambers
.
Prator
was
first
committed
to
Glocester
Gaol
,
but
a
Warrant
was
procured
by
the
Papists
for
his
remove
to
the
Clink
,
where
he
was
found
a
prisoner
.
But
a
countermand
was
brought
from
the
Archbishop
,
and
Mr.
Atturney
,
whereby
the
proceeding
of
that
business
was
staid
,
and
the
Marshal
prohibited
to
remove
,
or
take
any
thing
,
so
much
as
a
paper
.
The
Keeper
and
his
Wife
,
and
the
Priests
did
grievously
threaten
the
Marshall
and
all
his
Assistants
,
with
very
high
terms
,
especially
wi
h
Arrests
and
Imprisonments
for
this
action
.
The
Marshall
also
informed
the
Committee
,
that
upon
the
twenty
second
of
March
last
,
by
a
like
Warrant
from
the
Lord
Conway
,
he
searched
the
Bishop's
prison
,
called
the
New
prison
in
Maid●n-lane
in
London
,
where
he
found
six
several
Priests
in
several
Chambers
,
an
Altar
with
all
furniture
thereto
belonging
,
&c.
as
much
as
three
Porters
could
carry
away
,
it
being
in
the
hands
of
the
Lord
Conway
.
The
House
of
Commons
agreed
upon
a
petition
to
his
Majesty
concerning
Recusants
,
That
he
would
give
order
to
remove
from
all
places
of
Authority
and
Government
,
all
such
persons
,
as
are
either
Popish
Recusants
,
or
justly
to
be
suspected
.
Here
they
named
many
Lords
,
Knights
,
and
Esquires
,
in
divers
Counties
of
England
.
But
this
Parliament
was
soon
after
dissolved
.
A
general●
Fast
was
observed
,
July
5.
in
the
Cities
of
London
and
Westminster
,
and
places
adjacent
,
and
on
the
second
of
August
,
throughout
the
Kingdom
,
to
implore
a
blessing
upon
the
endeavours
of
the
State
,
and
the
diverting
of
those
judgments
which
the
sins
of
the
Land
deserved
and
threatned
.
Divers
Lords
of
the
Council
were
appointed
to
repair
into
their
several
Countries
,
for
the
advancement
of
a
Loan
to
the
King
.
This
business
occasioned
a
complaint
to
the
Lords
of
the
Council
against
the
Bishop
of
Lincoln
,
for
publickly
speaking
words
concerning
it
,
which
was
conceived
to
be
against
the
King
and
Government
.
Whereupon
Sir
John
Lamb
,
and
Dr.
Sibthorp
,
informed
the
Council
to
this
purpose
,
That
many
were
grieved
to
see
the
Bishop
of
Lincoln
give
place
to
unconformable
Ministers
,
when
he
turned
his
back
to
those
that
were
conformable
,
and
how
the
Puritans
ruled
all
with
him
,
&c.
The
Informations
given
against
the
Bishop
of
Lincoln
being
transmitted
to
the
Council-Table
,
were
ordered
to
be
sealed
up
,
and
committed
to
the
custody
of
Mr.
Trumbal
,
one
of
the
Clerks
of
the
Council
:
nevertheless
the
Bishop
of
Lincoln
got
a
copy
of
them
.
Dr.
Sibthorp
published
a
Sermon
in
Print
,
Preached
by
him
at
Northampton
,
February
22.
1626.
at
Lent
Assizes
,
entitled
;
Apostolick
Obedience
.
This
Book
was
Licensed
by
the
Bishop
of
London
,
who
approved
thereof
.
It
was
dedicated
to
the
King
;
it
was
brought
forth
upon
his
Majesties
Commission
for
raising
of
moneys
by
way
of
Loan
.
Dr.
Roger
Manwaring
promoted
the
same
business
in
two
Sermons
Preached
before
the
King
and
Court
at
Whitehall
.
The
Papists
at
this
time
were
very
liberal
on
this
occasion
,
that
it
was
then
said
,
That
in
the
point
of
Allegiance
then
in
hand
,
the
Papists
were
exceeding
Orthodox
,
and
the
Puritans
were
the
onely
Recusants
.
1627.
Archbishop
Abbot
having
been
long
slighted
at
Court
,
now
fell
under
the
King
's
high
displeasure
,
for
refusing
to
License
Dr.
Sibthorp's
Sermon
forementioned
,
and
not
long
after
was
suspended
from
his
Office
and
confined
to
his
House
at
Ford
in
Kent
,
and
a
Commission
was
granted
to
the
Bishops
of
London
,
Durham
,
Rochester
,
Oxford
,
and
Doctor
Laud
Bishop
of
Bath
and
Wells
,
to
execute
Archiepiscopal
Jurisdiction
.
The
occasion
of
this
Commission
was
not
discovered
otherwise
than
by
what
was
expressed
in
the
Commission
it self
,
viz.
That
the
said
Archbishop
could
not
at
that
present
in
his
own
person
attend
those
services
,
which
were
otherwise
proper
for
his
cognisance
and
jurisdiction
;
and
which
as
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
he
might
and
ought
in
his
own
Person
have
performed
and
Executed
.
The
Archbishop
for
a
memorial
of
these
proceedings
left
to
posterity
a
Narrative
penned
with
his
own
hand
.
The
City
of
London
was
filled
with
the
report
of
his
Confining
,
and
divers
men
spake
diversly
of
it
.
The
Papists
in
Ireland
proffer
to
pay
five
thousand
men
,
if
they
might
but
enjoy
a
toleration
.
But
that
motion
was
crushed
by
Bishop
Downham's
Sermon
in
Dublin
,
on
Luke
1.74
.
After
this
,
the
King
being
resolved
upon
the
calling
of
a
Parliament
,
Archbishop
Abbot
,
the
Earl
of
Bristol
,
and
the
Bishop
of
Lincoln
,
notwithstanding
the
cloud
they
are
under
,
are
had
in
consideration
by
the
King
and
Council
,
and
Writs
are
Ordered
to
be
sent
unto
them
to
sit
in
the
House
as
Peers
in
the
ensuing
Parliament
.
A
little
before
the
Parliament
assembled
,
a
Society
of
Recusants
was
taken
in
Clarkenwel
.
Divers
of
them
were
found
to
be
Jesuites
,
and
the
house
wherein
they
were
taken
was
designed
to
be
a
Colledge
of
that
Order
.
Vid.
Rushw
.
Collects
.
Ad
Anno
1627.
Among
their
Papers
was
found
a
Copy
of
a
Letter
written
to
their
Father
Rector
at
Bruxels
discovering
their
designs
upon
this
State
,
and
their
judgement
of
the
temper
thereof
,
with
a
conjecture
of
the
success
of
the
ensuing
Parliament
.
A
Parliament
assembleth
March
17.
which
proveth
full
of
troubles
.
Money
came
from
them
heavily
to
the
supply
of
the
King's
necessities
:
the
rather
,
because
they
complained
of
Doctrines
destructive
to
their
Propriety
Preached
at
Court
.
For
towards
the
end
of
the
Session
of
this
Parliament
Mr.
Rouse
brought
in
a
charge
against
Dr.
Manwaring
,
which
some
days
after
was
seconded
with
a
Declaration
.
He
was
severely
censured
for
two
Sermons
he
had
Preached
and
Printed
about
the
power
of
the
King's
Prerogative
.
Four
days
after
,
it
was
ordered
by
the
House
of
Lords
against
him
.
-
I.
To
be
imprisoned
during
the
pleasure
of
the
House
.
-
II.
To
be
fined
a
thousand
pounds
.
-
III.
To
make
his
submission
at
the
Bar
in
this
House
.
-
IV.
To
be
suspended
from
his
Ministerial
function
three
years
.
-
V.
To
be
disabled
for
ever
hereafter
from
Preaching
at
Court
.
-
VI.
To
be
uncapable
of
any
Secular
Office
.
-
VII
That
his
Books
are
worthy
to
be
burnt
,
and
His
Majesty
to
be
moved
that
it
may
be
so
in
London
.
But
much
of
this
Censure
was
remitted
,
in
Consideration
of
the
performance
of
his
humble
submission
at
both
the
Bars
in
Parliament
,
Where
he
appeared
on
June
the
three
and
twentieth
following
,
and
on
his
knees
before
both
Houses
submitted
himself
with
much
outward
expression
of
sorrow
.
On
Thursday
May
26.
1628
.
ended
this
Session
of
Parliament
,
wherein
divers
abuses
of
the
Lord's
day
restrained
.
All
Carriers
,
Carters
,
Waggoners
,
Wainmen
,
Drovers
of
Cattle
,
forbidden
to
travel
therein
;
on
the
forfeit
of
twenty
shillings
for
every
offence
,
&c.
A
Law
was
also
made
,
that
whosoever
goeth
himself
or
sendeth
others
beyond
the
seas
,
to
be
trained
up
in
Popery
,
&c.
shall
be
disabled
to
sue
,
&c.
and
shall
lose
all
his
goods
,
and
forfeit
all
his
lands
for
life
.
On
July
20.
died
D.
Preston
of
a
Consumption
,
and
was
buried
at
Fawsley
in
Northampton-shire
,
Mr.
Dod
Preaching
his
Funeral-sermon
:
an
Excellent
Preacher
;
a
subtil
Disputant
,
and
good
Polititian
.
About
this
time
George
Carleton
,
that
grave
and
godly
Bishop
of
Chichester
,
ended
his
Pious
life
.
He
was
bred
and
brought
up
under
that
holy
man
M.
Bernard
Gilpin
(
whose
life
he
wrote
in
gratitude
to
his
memory
)
and
retained
his
youthful
and
Poetical
studies
,
fresh
in
his
old
age
.
Mr.
Richard
Mountague
,
one
of
a
differing
judgement
succeeded
in
his
See
.
At
the
same
time
the
Rich
Parsonage
of
Stanford-rivers
in
Essex
was
conferred
on
Dr.
Manwaring
,
as
voyd
by
Bishop
Mountague's
preferment
.
A
Proclamation
came
forth
declaring
the
King's
pleasure
for
proceedings
with
Popish
Recusants
,
and
directions
to
his
Commissioners
for
making
Compositions
for
two
parts
of
three
of
their
estates
,
which
by
Law
were
due
to
His
Majesty
.
Nevertheless
(
for
the
most
part
)
they
got
off
upon
easie
terms
by
reason
of
compositions
at
undervalues
.
Dr.
Barnaby
Potter
is
now
made
Bishop
of
Carlile
.
This
was
seconded
with
another
Proclamation
,
commanding
,
that
diligent
search
be
made
for
all
Priests
and
Jesuites
(
particularly
the
Bishop
of
Calcedon
)
and
others
that
have
taken
Orders
by
Authority
from
the
See
of
Rome
,
that
they
be
apprehended
,
and
committed
to
the
Gaol
of
that
County
where
they
shall
be
found
.
Smith
the
titular
Bishop
of
Calcedon
hereupon
conveyed
himself
over
into
France
,
where
he
became
a
confident
of
Cardinal
Richlieu's
.
This
year
died
Toby
Mathew
Archbishop
of
York
.
George
Mountain
succeeded
him
,
but
died
a
few
moneths
after
.
During
the
sitting
of
the
Parliament
,
one
Dr.
Leighton
a
Scottish
man
presented
a
Book
unto
them
,
exciting
the
Parliament
and
people
to
kill
all
the
Bishops
,
and
to
smite
them
under
the
fifth
Rib.
He
bitterly
inveighed
against
the
Queen
,
calling
her
a
Daughter
of
Heth
,
a
Canaanite
and
Idolatress
:
and
Zions
plea
was
the
specious
title
of
his
Pamphlet
,
for
which
he
was
sentenced
in
the
Star-chamber
to
be
whipt
and
stigmatized
,
to
have
his
ears
cropt
,
and
nose
slit
;
which
censure
was
inflicted
on
him
.
On
August
23.
1628.
The
Duke
of
Buckingham
was
Murthered
at
Portsmouth
by
one
Lieutenant
Felton
.
After
the
death
of
the
Duke
,
the
King
highly
favoured
Dr.
Laud
Bishop
of
London
,
to
whom
he
sent
many
gratious
messages
.
Some
three
years
since
,
certain
Feoffees
were
legally
setled
in
trust
to
purchase
in
Impropriations
with
their
own
and
other
well-disposed
persons
money
,
and
with
their
profit
to
set
up
and
maintain
a
constant
Preaching
Ministry
in
places
of
greatest
need
,
where
the
word
was
most
wanting
.
The
Feoffes
were
twelve
in
number
diversly
qualified
,
-
William
Gouge
Doctor
in
Divinity
,
-
Richard
Sibbs
Doctor
in
Divinity
,
-
Charles
Off-spring
.
-
John
Davenport
.
-
Ralph
Eyre
of
Lincolns
Inne
.
-
Sa.
Brown
of
Lincolns
Inne
.
-
C.
Sherland
of
Grays
Inne
.
-
John
Whitè
of
the
Middle
Temple
.
-
John
Gearing
Citizen
.
-
Richard
Davis
Citizen
.
-
Geo.
Harwood
Citizen
.
-
Francis
Bridges
Citizen
.
It
is
incredible
,
what
large
summs
were
advanced
in
a
short
time
toward
so
laudable
a
work
.
In
March
Bishop
Davenant
preaching
his
course
on
a
Sunday
in
Lent
at
White-hall
before
the
King
and
Court
;
In
his
Sermon
he
was
conceived
to
fall
on
some
forbidden
points
,
insomuch
that
his
Majesty
manifested
much
displeasure
thereat
:
for
which
he
is
convented
before
the
Council
,
where
Dr.
Harfenet
,
Archbishop
of
York
,
aggravated
his
offence
.
His
answer
was
,
that
he
had
delivered
nothing
but
the
received
Doctrine
of
our
Church
established
in
the
seventeenth
Article
,
and
that
he
was
ready
to
justifie
the
truth
of
what
he
had
then
taught
.
Their
answer
was
the
Doctrine
was
not
gain-said
,
but
his
Highness
had
given
Command
these
questions
should
not
be
debated
;
and
therefore
he
took
it
more
offensively
that
any
should
be
so
bold
,
as
in
his
own
hearing
to
break
his
Royal
Commands
.
Here
the
Archbishop
of
York
aggravated
the
offence
from
many
other
Circumstances
.
His
Reply
was
onely
this
,
That
he
never
understood
that
his
Majesty
had
forbid
a
handling
of
any
Doctrine
comprised
in
the
Articles
of
our
Church
,
but
onely
raising
of
new
questions
,
or
adding
of
new
sense
thereunto
,
which
he
had
not
done
,
nor
ever
should
do
.
Anno
1630.
died
Thomas
Dove
,
Bishop
of
Peterborough
.
The
Non-conformists
complained
of
his
severity
in
asserting
Ecclesiastical
discipline
.
He
was
an
aged
man
,
being
the
onely
Queen
Elizabeth's
Bishop
that
died
in
the
Reign
of
King
Charles
.
Fuller
.
Church
Hist.
An.
1631.
Anno
1631.
began
great
discontents
to
grow
in
the
University
of
Oxford
.
Many
conceived
that
Innovations
(
defended
by
others
for
Renovations
,
and
now
onely
reduced
as
used
in
the
primitive
times
)
were
multiplied
in
Divine
Service
.
Whereat
offended
,
they
,
in
their
Sermons
,
brake
forth
into
(
what
was
interpreted
)
bitter
invectives
.
Dr.
Smith
Warden
of
Wadham-colledge
convented
Mr
Thorn
of
Baliol-colledge
,
and
Mr.
Ford
of
Magdalen-hall
,
as
offenders
against
the
King's
Instructions
,
and
ordered
them
to
bring
in
the
Copies
of
their
Sermons
.
Bishop
Laud
procured
the
cause
to
be
heard
before
the
King
at
Woodstock
;
and
1.
The
Preachers
complained
of
were
expelled
the
University
.
2.
The
Proctors
were
deprived
of
their
place
for
accepting
their
Appeal
.
3.
Dr.
Prideaux
and
Dr
Wilkinson
were
shrewdly
checked
for
engaging
in
their
behalf
.
The
expulsion
of
these
Preachers
encreased
the
Differences
in
Oxford
.
This
year
died
that
eminent
Preacher
Mr.
Arthur
Hildersam
.
After
he
had
entred
into
his
Ministry
,
he
met
with
many
troubles
.
He
was
silenced
by
the
High
Commission
in
June
Anno
1590.
and
restored
by
the
High
Commission
in
January
1591.
He
was
silenced
by
Bishop
Chaderton
.
April
24.
1605.
restored
by
Bishop
Barlow
in
January
1608.
Silenced
by
Bishop
Neile
in
November
1611.
restored
by
Dr.
Ridley
June
20.
1625.
Silenced
by
the
Court
at
Leicester
Mar.
4.
1630.
restored
by
the
same
Court
1631.
He
was
Minister
of
Ashby
de
la
Zouch
forty
and
three
years
.
The
same
year
died
Robert
Bolton
Minister
of
Broughton
in
Northampton-shire
,
an
Authoritative
Preacher
.
Now
a
Bill
was
exhibited
in
the
Exchequer-chamber
by
Mr.
Noy
the
Attourney-general
against
the
Feoffees
for
Impropriations
.
It
was
charged
against
them
,
that
they
diverted
the
Charity
wherewith
they
were
intrusted
,
to
other
uses
.
That
they
generally
preferred
Non-conformists
to
the
Lectures
of
their
erection
.
The
Court
condemned
their
proceedings
as
Dangerous
to
the
Church
and
State
,
pronouncing
the
Gifts
,
Feoffments
,
and
contrivances
made
to
the
use
aforesaid
,
to
be
illegal
,
and
so
dissolved
the
same
,
confiscating
their
money
to
the
King's
use
.
About
this
time
died
Samuel
Harsenet
Archbishop
of
York
.
He
lies
buried
at
Chigwel
Church
in
Essex
,
where
he
built
a
School
.
Now
the
Sabbatarian
controversie
began
to
be
revived
.
Theophilus
Bradburn
,
a
Minister
of
Suffolk
,
had
five
years
before
set
forth
a
book
,
Entitled
.
A
defence
of
the
most
ancient
and
Sacred
Ordinance
of
God
,
the
Sabbath-day
.
Francis
White
now
Bishop
of
Ely
was
employed
by
his
Majesty
to
confute
Mr.
Bradburn's
erroneous
opinion
.
In
the
writing
whereof
many
strict
people
were
offended
at
some
expressions
dropping
from
his
pen.
Hereupon
many
Books
were
wrote
,
and
controversies
on
this
subject
were
multiplied
.
These
were
distinguished
into
three
several
opinions
.
-
Sabbatarians
.
-
Moderate
men
.
-
Anti-sabbatarians
.
In
Sommerset-shire
some
of
the
Justices
were
offended
at
the
keeping
of
Wakes
,
Church-ales
,
&c.
on
the
Lord's
day
,
which
occasioned
many
disorders
to
be
committed
.
They
moved
the
Lord
Chief-justice
Richardson
,
and
Baron
Denham
then
in
their
circuit
in
the
Lent-vacation
to
make
some
order
therein
.
These
in
compliance
with
their
desire
,
make
an
Order
to
suppress
such
Revels
,
in
regard
of
the
manifold
inconveniences
daily
arising
thereby
,
Sir
.
Rich.
Baker's
Chro.
enjoyning
the
Constables
to
deliver
a
Copy
thereof
to
the
Minister
of
every
Parish
,
who
on
the
first
Sunday
in
Feburary
,
and
likewise
the
two
first
Sundays
before
Easter
,
was
to
pub
ish
the
same
every
year
.
This
was
looked
upon
by
the
Bishops
as
an
Usurpation
of
Ecclesiastical
jurisdiction
,
and
they
therefore
procured
a
Commission
directed
to
the
Bishop
of
Bath
and
Wells
,
and
other
Divines
,
and
to
enquire
into
the
manner
of
publishing
this
Order
,
and
the
carriage
of
the
Judges
in
the
Business
.
Notwithstanding
which
,
the
Chief-justice
at
the
next
Assizes
gave
strict
charge
against
the
Revels
,
requiring
an
account
of
the
pub
ication
and
execution
of
the
former
order
,
punishing
some
persons
for
the
breach
thereof
.
This
Order
was
af
erward
revoked
;
And
hereupon
,
the
Justices
of
that
County
made
an
humble
supplication
to
the
King
for
suppressing
the
foresaid
Assemblies
.
In
this
juncture
of
time
a
Declaration
for
sports
on
the
Lord's
day
,
published
in
the
Reign
of
King
James
,
was
revived
,
and
enlarged
.
This
gave
great
distast
to
many
,
and
some
Ministers
were
suspended
,
and
some
deprived
ab
officio
&
beneficio
;
and
more
vexed
in
the
High-commission
.
All
Bishops
urged
not
the
reading
of
the
Book
with
rigour
alike
,
nor
punished
the
refusal
with
equal
severity
.
The
thickest
complaints
came
from
the
Diocess
of
Norwich
,
and
of
Bath
and
Wells
.
Much
was
the
Archbishop's
moderation
in
his
own
Diocese
,
silencing
but
three
(
in
whom
also
a
concurrence
of
other
Non-conformities
)
through
the
whole
extent
thereof
.
Here
it
is
much
to
be
lamented
,
that
such
who
at
the
time
of
the
Sabbatarian
controversie
were
the
strictect
observers
of
the
Lord's
day
,
are
now
become
(
in
another
extreme
)
the
greatest
neglecters
,
yea
contemners
thereof
.
Now
such
Irish
Impropriations
as
were
in
the
Crown
,
were
by
the
King
restored
to
the
Church
,
to
the
great
Diminishing
of
the
Royal
Revenue
.
And
Archbishop
Laud
was
a
worthy
Instrument
in
moving
the
King
to
so
pious
a
work
.
A
Convocation
(
concurrent
with
a
Parliament
)
was
called
,
and
held
at
Dublin
in
Ireland
,
wherein
the
Nine
and
thirty
Articles
of
the
Church
of
England
were
received
in
Ireland
for
all
to
subscribe
to
.
Dr.
William
Juxon
Bishop
of
London
,
was
made
Lord
Treasurer
of
England
,
whose
carriage
was
so
discreet
in
that
place
,
that
it
procured
a
general
love
to
him
.
Anno
1635.
Archbishop
Laud
kept
his
Metropolitical
Visitation
,
and
hence-forward
Conformity
was
more
vigorously
pressed
than
before
:
Now
many
differences
about
Divine
Worship
began
to
arise
,
and
many
Books
were
written
pro
and
con
.
One
controversie
was
about
the
Holyness
of
our
Churches
.
Another
about
Adoration
towards
the
Altar
.
A
Controversie
was
also
started
about
the
posture
of
the
Lord's
Boord
,
Communion-table
,
or
Altar
.
This
last
controversie
was
prosecuted
with
much
needless
animosity
.
Indeed
if
moderate
men
had
had
the
managing
of
these
matters
,
the
accommodation
had
been
easie
.
In
June
Anno
1636.
Mr.
Prynne
,
Dr.
Bastwick
,
and
Mr.
Burton
,
were
sentenced
in
the
High-commission-court
.
Some
three
years
since
Mr.
Pyrnne
set
forth
a
Book
,
called
Histrio-mastrix
,
for
which
he
was
censured
to
lose
his
ears
on
the
Pillory
,
and
for
a
long-time
(
after
two
removals
to
the
fleet
)
Imprisoned
in
the
Tower
:
whence
he
dispersed
New
Pamphlets
,
against
the
established
Discipline
of
the
Church
of
England
,
for
which
he
was
indited
in
the
Star-chamber
.
Dr.
John
Bastwick
set
forth
a
Book
,
Entitled
Flagellum
Pontificis
,
&
Episcoporum
latialium
,
in
a
fluent
Latine
Style
.
He
was
accused
in
the
High-commission
,
committed
to
the
Gate-house
,
where
he
wrote
a
second
Book
,
taxing
the
injustice
of
the
proceedings
of
the
High-commission
,
for
which
he
was
indited
in
the
Star-chamber
.
Mr.
Burton
Preached
a
Sermon
on
the
last
fifth
of
November
.
On
Prov.
24.21
.
My
son
,
fear
thou
the
Lord
and
the
King
,
and
meddle
not
with
them
that
are
subject
to
change
.
This
Sermon
was
afterwards
Printed
,
charging
the
Prelats
for
Introducing
several
Innovations
in
Divine
Worship
,
for
which
as
a
Libel
,
he
was
indited
in
the
Star-chamber
.
Mr.
P●ynne's
Plea
is
rejected
,
and
his
answer
refused
;
so
is
Dr.
Bastwick's
:
and
Mr.
Burton's
is
cast
out
for
imperfect
.
The
Censure
of
the
Court
was
,
that
they
should
lose
their
ears
in
the
Palace-yard
at
Westminster
,
fining
them
also
five
thousand
pounds
a
man
to
his
Majesty
,
and
perpetual
Imprisonment
in
three
remote
places
.
The
Lord
Finch
added
to
Mr.
Prynne's
Censure
,
that
he
should
be
branded
in
each
Cheek
with
S.
L.
for
a
slanderous
Libeller
,
to
which
the
whole
Court
agreed
.
Two
days
after
,
three
Pillories
were
set
up
in
Palace-yard
;
or
one
double
one
,
and
a
single
one
at
some
distance
,
for
Mr.
Prynne
,
as
the
chief
offender
.
Mr.
Burton
first
suffered
,
making
a
long
speech
in
the
Pillory
,
not
entire
;
but
interrupted
with
occasional
expressions
;
His
ears
were
cut
so
close
,
that
the
Head-artery
being
cut
,
the
blood
abundantly
streamed
down
upon
the
Scaffold
,
at
which
he
did
not
shrink
at
all
Dr.
Bastwick
succeeded
him
.
His
friends
highly
commended
the
erection
of
his
mind
over
pain
and
shame
.
Others
conceived
,
that
anger
in
him
acted
the
part
of
patience
,
as
to
the
stout
undergoing
of
his
sufferings
.
The
Censure
was
with
all
rigour
executed
on
Mr.
Prynne
,
commended
more
for
his
kindly
patience
than
either
of
his
Predecessors
in
that
place
.
Not
long
after
they
were
removed
,
Mr.
Prynne
to
Carnarvan-castle
in
Wales
;
Dr.
Bastwick
and
Mr.
Burton
,
the
one
to
Lancaster-castle
;
the
other
to
Lanceston
in
Cornwal
.
The
two
latter
again
were
removed
,
one
to
the
Isle
of
Scilly
;
the
other
to
the
Isle
of
Gernezey
,
and
Mr.
Prynne
to
Mount-orguile-castle
in
Jersey
.
Next
came
the
Bishop
of
Lincoln
to
be
Censured
in
the
Star-chamber
.
The
Bishop
of
Lincoln
censured
.
After
the
great
Seal
some
ten
years
since
taken
from
him
,
he
retired
himself
to
Bugden
in
Huntington-shire
,
where
he
lived
very
hospitably
,
and
had
great
concourse
.
Among
others
,
Sir
John
Lamb
,
Dean
of
the
Arches
,
formerly
a
favourite
of
the
Bishop
of
Lincoln
(
fetcht
off
from
being
prosecuted
in
Parliament
,
and
Knighted
by
his
means
)
with
Dr.
Sibthorp
,
Allen
and
Burden
,
two
Proctors
,
came
to
visit
him
:
and
being
at
dinner
with
him
there
was
much
discourse
about
Non-conformists
.
The
Bishop
knowing
these
to
be
busie
men
in
the
prosecution
of
such
,
advised
them
to
take
off
their
heavy
hand
from
them
,
informing
them
,
that
the
King
intended
to
use
them
hereafter
with
more
mildness
&c.
adding
that
He
had
communicated
this
unto
him
by
his
own
mouth
.
A
few
years
after
Sir
John
Lamb
upon
some
difference
with
the
Bishop
,
informed
against
him
for
revealing
the
King's
secrets
;
whereupon
an
Information
was
put
in
against
him
in
the
Star-chamber
,
unto
which
Bishop
Williams
by
good
advice
of
Counsel
did
plead
and
demurre
,
as
containing
no
matter
fit
for
the
Cognisance
of
that
Court
,
as
concerning
words
spoken
of
matters
done
in
Parliament
,
and
secrets
pretended
to
be
revealed
by
him
,
a
Privy-counsellour
,
and
Peer
of
Parliament
,
and
therefore
not
to
be
heard
but
in
that
high
Court
.
The
Demurrer
being
rendred
useless
in
the
Bishop's
Defence
,
he
put
in
a
strong
plea
,
which
likewise
being
argued
and
debated
in
open
Court
,
came
at
last
to
the
same
fate
with
the
demurrer
,
as
referred
to
Judge
Richardson
,
and
smothered
by
him
in
a
Chamber
.
This
plea
thus
over-ruled
,
the
Bishop
put
in
a
special
answer
to
the
Information
,
declaring
,
how
all
was
grounded
by
a
Combination
of
the
persons
named
in
the
Bill
,
out
of
an
intent
to
advance
themselves
,
&c.
To
this
special
answer
,
Attourney
Noy
rejoyned
in
issue
,
admitting
the
Bishop
to
prove
his
special
matters
by
his
Witnesses
.
After
a
while
,
the
Attorney
being
somewhat
remiss
in
the
prosecution
,
one
Richard
Kilvert
,
became
the
Bishop's
Prosecutor
,
who
had
found
out
,
that
one
John
Prigion
,
a
Register
of
Lincoln
and
Leicester
,
was
a
most
material
Witness
in
the
Bishop's
defence
,
the
credit
of
whose
testimony
he
desired
to
invalidate
,
by
charging
him
with
getting
a
Bastard
on
one
Elizabeth
Hodson
.
This
Bastard
was
by
the
Sessions
at
Lincoln
,
ordered
to
be
kept
by
Prigion
,
as
the
reputed
Father
thereof
,
but
at
a
Sessions
following
,
the
order
was
reversed
,
and
the
Child
fathered
on
one
Bourn
,
and
Prigion
acquitted
;
and
at
a
third
Sessions
it
is
returned
upon
Prigion
again
.
This
last
Order
of
Sessions
was
again
dissolved
as
illegal
,
by
the
Judges
of
the
King's
Bench
,
and
Prigion
cleared
from
the
Child
charged
on
him
:
in
the
doing
whereof
it
was
said
,
that
Powel
and
Owen
,
two
Agents
of
the
Bishops
,
did
menace
,
and
tamper
,
with
the
Witnesses
.
Hence-forward
Kilvert
let
fall
his
first
information
in
the
Star-chamber
,
and
employed
all
his
power
on
the
proof
of
Subornation
,
and
therein
he
succeeded
.
The
Bishop
was
fined
eight
thousand
pounds
,
and
a
thousand
marks
to
Sir
John
Munson
,
with
Suspension
ab
Officio
,
&
Beneficio
,
and
to
be
imprisoned
during
the
King's
pleasure
.
All
his
Preferments
in
the
Church
were
sequestred
to
the
use
of
the
King
;
and
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
as
Archbishop
of
the
Province
,
exercised
all
kind
of
Ecclesiastical
Jurisdiction
throughout
the
Diocess
of
Lincoln
,
not
only
as
an
Ordinary
of
that
Diocess
,
but
as
Visitor
of
all
those
Colledges
,
which
had
any
dependance
on
that
See
.
At
the
same
time
were
fined
,
with
the
Bishop
,
George
Walker
,
his
Secretary
,
Cadwallader
Powel
,
his
Steward
,
at
three
hundred
pounds
a
piece
,
and
Thomas
Lund
,
the
Bishop's
Servant
,
at
a
thousand
marks
,
all
as
Defendants
in
the
same
Cause
;
yet
none
of
them
was
imprisoned
,
save
Lund
for
a
few
weeks
,
and
their
fine
never
called
upon
to
this
day
.
About
four
years
after
,
viz.
1640.
when
this
Bishop
was
fetcht
out
of
the
Tower
,
and
restored
a
Peer
in
Parliament
he
therein
presented
several
grievances
,
concerning
the
prosecution
of
this
Cause
against
him
.
And
the
Parliament
ordered
all
the
Records
of
that
Suit
in
the
Star-chamber
to
be
obliterated
.
Sir
Rich.
Baker
s
Chron.
In
the
year
1616.
King
James
had
obtained
an
Act
of
the
General
Assembly
at
Aberdeen
,
for
the
compiling
a
Liturgy
,
which
was
to
be
first
presented
to
the
King
,
and
,
after
his
approbation
,
universally
received
throughout
the
Kingdom
.
This
Book
was
framed
,
and
sent
up
to
the
King
,
who
himself
perused
,
revised
it
,
referring
it
also
to
the
consideration
of
others
,
in
whom
he
much
confided
.
And
after
his
own
and
their
Observation
,
Additions
,
Expunctions
,
Mutations
,
&c.
he
returned
it
to
Scotland
,
to
be
commended
to
that
Church
:
but
before
a
period
was
put
to
that
business
,
the
King
died
.
King
Charles
understanding
his
Father's
intention
,
in
composing
a
Liturgy
for
the
Church
of
Scotland
,
ordereth
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
the
Bishop
of
Ely
,
together
with
divers
other
Bishops
of
both
Nations
,
to
revise
and
correct
(
as
they
should
think
meet
)
the
Liturgy
compiled
in
his
Father's
life-time
(
which
very
little
differeth
from
that
of
England
)
ordereth
it
to
be
sent
to
the
Council
in
Scotland
,
to
be
made
use
of
there
.
On
July
twenty
three
,
1637.
as
the
Dean
of
Edenborough
began
to
read
the
Book
in
St.
Giles
his
Church
,
Lambert
Wood
of
the
Life
and
Reign
of
King
Charles
.
a
sudden
uproar
began
by
the
women
,
and
baser
sort
of
people
.
The
Bishop
appointed
to
preach
,
goes
into
the
Pulpit
,
hoping
to
convince
them
of
their
irreverent
carriage
which
nothing
prevailed
;
for
they
were
the
more
insolent
,
flinging
stools
,
stones
,
and
whatever
else
came
next
to
hand
,
at
him
,
so
that
he
hardly
escaped
with
life
.
Divers
other
Churches
were
infested
with
the
like
fury
:
but
by
the
Industry
of
the
Archbishop
of
St.
Andrews
,
Lord
Chancellor
,
and
other
Magistrates
,
the
tumult
was
appeased
,
some
were
afterwards
apprehended
,
and
endeavours
made
to
find
out
the
first
beginner
.
But
not
long
after
,
a
great
concourse
of
people
,
from
all
parts
of
that
Kingdom
,
came
to
Edinborough
,
which
occasioned
the
Lords
of
the
Council
to
put
forth
several
Proclamations
to
prevent
the
like
disorders
,
but
they
nothing
prevailed
.
For
,
the
next
day
,
the
Bishop
of
Galloway
,
going
to
the
Council
,
was
followed
by
a
great
multitude
reviling
him
until
he
came
to
the
Council-door
,
where
he
was
no
sooner
entred
,
but
they
beset
the
House
with
very
great
numbers
,
threatening
destruction
to
all
that
were
within
.
The
Council
require
aid
of
the
Provost
,
and
other
Magistrates
of
the
City
,
who
return
answer
,
that
they
were
in
the
like
danger
.
The
tumult
still
increasing
,
they
of
the
City
were
forced
,
for
the
safeguard
of
their
own
lives
,
to
subscribe
as
followeth
.
-
1.
To
joyn
in
opposition
to
the
Service-book
,
and
to
petition
against
it
,
-
2.
To
restore
Ramsey
and
Rollock
,
two
silenced
Ministers
.
-
3.
To
receive
in
Mr.
Henderson
,
formerly
silenced
.
Which
being
signed
,
the
Council
thought
was
a
good
step
to
suppress
the
tumult
.
But
entring
into
the
High-street
,
the
Lord
Treasurer
,
and
other
Lords
,
were
fresh
assaulted
,
trodden
underfoot
,
and
brought
back
by
violence
to
the
Council-house
;
where
being
in
great
danger
,
they
require
aid
of
divers
Noble-men
,
disaffected
to
the
Common-prayer-book
,
who
promised
,
what
aid
they
possibly
could
,
and
in
the
end
returned
home
safe
.
In
the
afternoon
Proclamation
was
made
at
the
Cross
at
Ebenborough
,
to
prevent
the
like
disorders
,
but
to
small
effect
:
some
Citizens
demanding
the
Restitution
of
the
Ministers
,
and
the
performance
of
what
was
subscribed
.
Suddenly
two
Petitions
were
presented
against
the
Common-prayer-book
,
and
the
Composers
and
Abettors
of
it
;
which
Petitions
were
sent
to
the
King
(
with
the
narrative
of
the
whole
)
who
immediately
sent
Instructions
for
adjourning
the
Term
to
Sterling
,
Lamb.
Wood.
History
King
Charles
.
a
strong
place
,
and
to
make
Proclamation
of
severe
penalties
to
be
inflicted
on
the
breakers
of
the
peace
,
which
was
no
sooner
proclaimed
,
but
the
Lord
Hume
,
Lindsey
,
and
divers
others
,
protest
against
it
,
and
in
contempt
of
Authority
compell'd
the
Heraulds
to
hear
the
Protest
,
or
Covenant
read
.
These
troublesome
beginnings
,
did
afterward
occasion
the
solemn
League
and
Covenant
,
whereby
the
greatest
part
of
the
Nation
united
themselves
to
defend
their
Priviledges
,
as
was
pretended
,
and
which
laid
the
foundation
of
a
long
and
woful
War
in
both
Kingdoms
.
They
erected
a
new
Government
among
themselves
,
which
consisted
of
four
Tables
for
the
four
Orders
of
the
State
,
Heylin
on
the
life
of
Archbishop
Laud
,
part.
2.
viz.
the
Noblemen
,
Barons
,
Burgesses
,
and
Ministers
,
These
fixed
themselves
in
Edenborough
,
leaving
the
Lords
of
Council
and
Session
to
make
merry
at
Sterling
,
where
they
had
little
else
to
do
than
to
follow
their
pleasures
.
The
Tables
being
formed
,
they
resolved
upon
renewing
the
ancient
Confession
of
that
Kirk
,
with
a
Band
thereunto
subjoyned
,
but
accommodated
to
the
present
occasion
,
which
had
been
signed
by
King
James
on
January
28.
Anno
1580.
And
by
this
Band
they
entred
Covenant
for
maintenance
of
their
Religion
then
professed
,
and
his
Majesty's
person
;
but
aiming
at
the
contrary
.
And
to
this
Covenant
they
required
an
Oath
of
all
the
Subjects
,
which
was
as
great
an
Usurpation
of
the
Regal
power
,
as
they
could
take
upon
themselves
,
for
confirming
their
own
authority
,
and
the
peoples
obedience
,
in
any
project
whatsoever
,
which
should
afterwards
issue
from
those
Tables
.
Return
we
now
to
England
,
where
we
shall
find
things
in
a
better
condition
,
at
least
to
outward
appearance
.
And
now
the
Metropolitical
visitation
having
been
carried
into
all
parts
of
the
Realm
of
England
,
and
Dominion
of
Wales
,
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
began
to
cast
his
eye
upon
the
Islands
of
Guernsey
and
Jersey
,
two
Islands
lying
on
the
Coast
of
Normandy
,
to
the
Dukedom
whereof
they
once
belonged
,
and
in
the
Right
of
that
Dukedom
to
the
Crown
of
England
.
As
parts
of
Normandy
they
were
subject
in
Ecclesiastical
matters
to
the
Bishops
of
Constance
in
that
Dukedom
,
Heylin's
Hist.
of
Archbishop
Laud.
Ad
An.
1637.
and
so
continued
till
the
Reformation
of
Religion
here
in
England
,
and
were
then
added
to
the
Diocess
and
Jurisdiction
of
the
Bishops
of
Winchester
.
But
the
Genevian
Discipline
being
more
agreeable
to
such
Preachers
as
came
to
them
from
France
,
they
obtained
the
exercise
thereof
in
the
eighth
year
of
Queen
Elizabeth
,
Anno
1565.
The
whole
Goverment
distinguished
into
two
Classes
,
both
meeting
in
a
Synod
every
second
or
third
year
,
according
to
the
order
of
their
Book
of
Discipline
(
digested
by
Snape
and
Cartwright
)
in
a
Synod
held
at
Guernsey
,
June
28.
1576.
In
this
manner
they
continued
till
King
James
his
time
,
when
the
Churches
in
the
Isle
of
Jersey
,
falling
into
some
disorder
,
and
being
under
an
immediate
Governor
,
who
was
no
great
friend
to
Calvin's
Platform
,
they
were
necessitated
,
for
avoiding
a
great
mischief
,
to
cast
themselves
into
the
Arms
of
the
Church
of
England
.
The
principal
Ecclesiastical
Officer
,
whilst
they
were
under
the
Bishops
of
Constance
,
had
the
Title
of
Dean
,
for
each
Island
one
;
the
several
powers
,
both
of
the
Chancellor
and
Archdeacon
,
being
united
in
his
Person
.
This
Office
is
restored
again
,
his
Jurisdiction
marked
out
,
his
Fees
appointed
,
his
Revenue
setled
;
but
made
accountable
for
his
Administration
to
the
Bishop's
of
Winchester
.
The
English
Liturgy
is
translated
also
into
French
,
to
be
read
in
their
Churches
:
Instructions
first
,
and
afterwards
a
Body
of
Canons
framed
,
for
regulating
both
Ministers
and
people
in
their
several
duties
.
Now
it
was
resolved
,
that
the
Metropolitical
visitation
should
be
held
in
each
of
them
at
the
next
opening
of
the
Spring
.
And
the
Archbishop
had
designed
a
Person
for
his
principal
Visitor
,
who
had
spent
some
time
in
either
Island
,
and
was
well
acquainted
with
the
Bailiffs
,
Ministers
,
and
Men
of
special
note
among
them
.
But
the
Affairs
of
Scotland
growing
worse
,
this
Council
was
laid
by
.
But
these
Islands
were
not
out
of
his
mind
.
The
Islanders
used
to
breed
such
of
their
Sons
,
as
they
designed
for
the
Ministry
,
either
at
Saumur
,
or
Geneva
,
from
whence
they
returned
well-seasoned
with
Calvinism
.
Therefore
to
allure
the
people
to
send
their
Children
to
Oxon
,
or
Cambridge
,
he
thought
of
providing
some
preferment
for
them
in
our
Universities
.
It
now
happened
,
that
one
Hubbard
,
the
Heir
of
Sir
Miles
Hubbard
,
Citizen
and
Alderman
of
London
,
died
,
to
whom
,
upon
an
Inquisition
taken
after
his
death
in
due
form
of
Law
,
no
Heir
was
found
,
which
could
lay
claim
to
his
Estate
.
Which
so
unexpectedly
fallen
to
the
Crown
,
and
being
a
fair
Estate
withall
,
the
Archbishop
perswaded
his
Majesty
to
bestow
some
small
part
thereof
upon
pious
uses
.
And
so
much
was
allotted
out
of
it
,
as
,
for
the
present
,
served
sufficiently
to
endow
three
Fellowships
,
for
the
perpetual
education
of
so
many
of
the
Natives
of
Guernsey
and
Jersey
.
These
Fellowships
to
be
founded
in
Exeter
,
Jesus
,
and
Pembrook
Colledges
,
that
being
disperst
into
several
Houses
,
there
might
be
an
increase
both
of
Fellows
,
and
Revenues
of
the
said
Foundations
.
By
means
whereof
he
did
(
as
Doctor
Heylin
observeth
)
both
piously
and
prudently
provide
for
those
Islands
,
and
the
advancement
of
Conformity
among
them
for
the
future
.
It
is
not
to
be
thought
,
that
the
Papists
were
all
this
while
asleep
.
Pancani
arriving
in
England
,
An.
1636.
brought
with
him
many
pretended
Relicks
of
Saints
,
Medals
and
pieces
of
Gold
,
with
the
Pope's
Picture
stamped
upon
on
them
,
to
be
distributed
among
those
of
the
Party
,
but
chiefly
to
the
Ladies
of
the
Court
;
and
Countrey
,
to
whom
he
made
the
greatest
part
of
his
Applications
.
Then
he
practised
upon
some
of
the
principal
Lords
,
and
used
his
best
endeavours
to
be
brought
into
the
acquaintance
of
the
Lord
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
.
But
his
Grace
neither
liked
the
Man
,
nor
the
Message
he
came
about
,
and
admitted
him
neither
to
complement
,
nor
communication
.
However
!
the
Popish
faction
multiplying
in
some
numbers
about
the
Court
,
resorted
more
openly
to
the
Masses
at
Sommerset-house
,
where
the
Capuchins
had
obtained
both
a
Chappel
and
Convent
.
Of
this
none
bears
the
blame
but
the
Archbishop
,
who
is
traduced
in
Libels
,
and
common
talk
,
for
the
principal
Architect
in
the
plot
,
and
the
contriver
of
the
mischief
.
Awakened
by
so
many
Alarms
,
he
had
good
cause
to
look
about
him
,
but
more
at
the
great
noise
not
long
after
raised
about
the
seduceing
of
the
Countess
of
Newport
,
to
the
Church
of
Rome
,
effected
by
the
practices
of
Walter
Mountague
,
a
younger
Son
of
the
Earl
of
Manchester
,
and
the
importunities
of
Toby
Mathews
(
an
undeserving
Son
of
a
worthy
Father
.
)
Con
interposing
in
it
as
he
found
occasion
.
Wherefore
he
passionately
besought
the
King
,
that
they
might
be
barred
,
either
from
coming
into
the
Court
at
all
,
or
to
give
no
offence
and
scandal
to
their
misbehaviours
.
Hereupon
Mountague
,
and
Mathews
,
were
discharged
the
Court
,
the
one
betaking
himself
to
his
Countrey-practice
,
the
other
for
a
time
to
his
former
Travels
in
France
and
Italy
.
The
next
year
he
moved
for
a
Proclamation
,
for
the
calling
in
of
a
Popish
Book
,
written
in
French
by
Francis
Sales
,
Bishop
of
Geneva
,
translated
into
English
,
entitled
an
Introduction
to
a
holy
life
.
The
Printer
was
thereupon
apprehended
,
and
the
Translator
diligently
sought
for
to
be
brought
to
Justice
.
His
Majesty
caused
the
said
Book
to
be
called
in
,
and
as
many
as
could
be
seized
on
,
to
be
publickly
burned
.
But
that
which
did
most
generally
vindicate
the
Archbishop's
reputation
,
was
the
enlarging
and
re-printing
of
his
Conference
with
Fisher
the
Jesuite
,
even
then
when
the
Libellers
were
most
fierce
against
him
,
to
which
he
had
been
moved
by
some
private
friends
,
and
afterwards
advised
to
it
by
the
King
himself
at
the
Council-Table
.
Now
as
he
laboured
by
these
means
to
preserve
the
Church
of
England
from
the
growth
of
Popery
,
so
he
took
care
for
preventing
the
subversion
of
it
by
the
spreading
of
Socinian
Heresies
.
He
also
procured
a
Decree
to
pass
in
Star-chamber
,
to
regulate
the
Trade
of
Printing
,
and
prevent
all
abuses
of
that
Excellent
Art
to
the
disturbance
of
the
Church
.
Many
Lecturers
,
who
had
been
super-inducted
into
other
Men's
Cures
,
had
deserted
their
Stations
,
Heylin's
Hist.
of
Archbish.
Laud.
because
they
would
not
read
the
Common-prayer
in
their
Hoods
and
Surplices
.
And
as
for
the
position
of
the
Communion-Table
,
it
was
no
longer
left
to
private
Instructions
,
as
it
was
at
the
first
.
It
now
began
to
be
more
openly
avowed
in
the
Visitation
Articles
of
several
Bishops
and
Archdeacons
.
The
people
in
many
trading
Towns
,
which
were
near
the
Sea
,
having
been
long
discharged
of
the
bond
of
Ceremonies
,
no
sooner
came
to
hear
of
the
least
noise
of
a
Conformity
,
but
they
spurn
at
it
.
And
finding
that
they
had
lost
the
comfort
of
their
Lecturers
,
and
that
their
Ministers
began
to
shrink
at
the
name
of
a
Visitation
,
it
was
no
hard
matter
for
those
Ministers
,
and
Lecturers
,
to
perswade
them
to
remove
their
dwellings
,
and
transport
their
Trades
.
Among
the
first
which
separated
upon
this
account
,
were
Goodwyn
,
Nye
,
Burroughs
,
Bridge
,
and
Symson
,
who
taking
some
of
their
followers
with
them
,
betook
themselves
unto
Holland
.
Goodwyn
and
Nye
retired
to
Arnheim
,
a
Town
of
Gelderland
;
Symson
and
Bridge
fixed
at
Rotterdam
:
where
Burroughs
placed
himself
I
am
yet
to
seek
.
These
men
embraced
Robinson's
moddel
of
Church-government
in
their
Congregations
,
consisting
of
a
co-ordination
of
several
Churches
for
their
mutual
comfort
,
not
a
subordination
of
one
to
the
other
in
the
way
of
direction
or
command
.
Hence
came
that
name
of
Independents
,
continued
unto
those
among
us
,
who
neither
associate
themselves
with
the
Pre●byterians
,
nor
embrace
the
frenzies
of
the
Anabaptists
But
Rotterdam
grew
too
narrow
a
place
for
Bridge
and
Symson
,
and
Symson
was
forced
to
leave
it
,
and
Ward
,
who
succeeded
him
,
tarried
not
long
.
More
unity
there
was
at
Arnheim
.
But
the
Brethren
of
the
Separation
in
England
,
desiring
elbow-room
,
cast
their
eye
chiefly
on
New-England
,
a
Countrey
first
discovered
,
to
any
purpose
,
by
Captain
Gosnold
,
Anno
1602.
and
in
the
next
year
surveyed
more
perfectly
by
some
of
Bristol
;
afterwards
granted
by
King
James
,
Anno
1606.
unto
a
Corporation
of
Knights
,
Gentlemen
,
and
Merchants
,
to
be
planted
and
disposed
of
for
the
Publick
,
under
the
direction
of
Chief
Justice
Popham
,
by
whom
a
Colony
was
sent
thither
in
the
year
next
following
,
at
what
time
they
built
St.
George's
Fort
to
secure
their
Haven
.
It
never
setled
into
form
till
the
building
of
New-Plinmouth
,
Anno
1620.
New-Bristol
,
New-Boston
,
and
New-Barnstable
,
being
quickly
added
to
the
other
.
De
Laet
lib.
3.
ca.
8.
De
Laet
,
a
good
Chorographer
,
informeth
us
,
in
his
Description
of
America
,
that
the
first
Planters
,
and
those
which
followed
after
them
,
were
altogether
of
that
Sect
,
which
in
England
were
called
Brownists
,
many
of
which
had
formerly
betaken
themselves
to
Holland
,
but
afterwards
departed
thence
to
joyn
with
their
Brethren
in
New-England
.
In
this
estate
they
stood
,
Anno
1633.
when
John
de
Laet
gave
that
character
of
them
.
Whatsoever
were
the
causes
of
their
separation
,
Doctor
Heylin
saith
,
the
crime
was
laid
on
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
:
and
among
the
Articles
of
his
Impeachment
by
the
House
of
Commons
,
we
find
this
for
one
,
viz.
That
in
his
own
person
,
and
his
Suffragans
,
Visitors
,
Chancellors
,
&c.
he
had
caused
divers
learned
,
pious
,
and
orthodox
Preachers
of
God's
Word
to
be
silenced
,
susppended
,
deprived
,
excommunicated
,
or
otherwise
grieved
,
and
vexed
without
any
just
cause
,
&c.
and
caused
divers
of
his
Majesties
Subjects
to
forsake
the
Kingdom
.
Hereupon
(
saith
Doctor
Heylin
)
so
is
the
Judge
to
be
accused
for
all
those
mischiefs
,
which
the
condemned
Malefactors
,
when
they
once
break
prison
,
may
design
,
and
execute
.
And
(
saith
my
Author
further
)
the
principal
Bell-weathers
of
these
Flocks
were
Cotton
,
Chauncy
,
Wells
,
Hooker
,
and
perhaps
Hugh
Peters
.
It
was
once
under
consultation
to
send
a
Bishop
over
to
them
,
for
their
better
government
,
and
back
him
with
some
Forces
to
compel
,
if
he
he
were
not
otherwise
able
to
perswade
,
obedience
.
But
this
design
was
strangled
in
the
first
conception
,
by
the
violent
breakings
out
of
the
Troubles
in
Scotland
,
where
the
Covenanters
now
began
to
raise
Arms
,
levy
Souldiers
,
invite
home
their
Commanders
abroad
,
impose
Taxes
upon
the
people
,
seize
some
of
the
King's
Castles
,
raise
Fortifications
,
prepare
for
a
War
,
and
chose
old
David
Lesley
for
their
General
.
Saunderson
of
the
Reign
of
King
Charles
.
To
pacifie
these
distempers
,
Hamilton
is
designed
for
the
King's
High-Commissioner
into
Scotland
.
The
Bishops
,
and
others
,
advised
the
King
to
have
delegated
the
Marquiss
of
Huntley
for
his
High-Commissioner
,
to
manage
the
Affairs
of
Scotland
.
Hamilton
trifleth
away
the
time
from
July
32.
1637.
until
June
6.
1638.
with
Declarations
,
Proclamations
,
Messages
,
Letters
,
while
the
Scots
raised
Officers
,
Arms
,
Ammunition
from
abroad
:
four
months
more
in
vain
Disputes
,
and
three
Journeys
to
the
King
,
and
back
again
,
with
the
expence
of
so
much
money
as
might
have
reduced
them
by
reward
,
or
power
.
On
May
26.
he
sets
forward
for
Scotland
,
and
coming
to
Edenborough
,
puts
himself
into
Holy-Rood-house
,
where
the
first
thing
he
did
was
,
the
waving
of
his
attendance
at
the
reading
of
the
English
Liturgy
.
Then
he
published
the
King's
gratious
Proclamation
for
the
nulling
of
Service-book
and
High-Commission
,
promising
an
Assembly
to
be
held
at
Glascow
,
November
21.
1638.
and
a
Parliament
at
Edenborough
,
May
15.
1639.
But
nothing
satisfied
.
But
before
the
Assembly
at
Glascow
was
indicted
,
the
Covenanters
had
so
laid
the
plot
,
that
none
but
those
of
their
own
party
should
have
suffrage
in
it
,
not
suffering
the
Archbishops
and
Bishops
to
sit
as
Moderators
in
their
Presbyteries
,
where
the
Elections
were
to
pass
;
and
citing
them
to
appear
as
Criminal
persons
at
the
said
Assembly
.
The
Archbishops
,
and
Bishops
,
in
the
name
of
themselves
and
of
all
their
Adherents
,
prepared
their
declinator
,
or
protestation
against
the
said
General
Assembly
,
and
all
the
Acts
and
Conclusions
of
it
,
as
being
void
and
null
in
Law
to
all
intents
and
purposes
whatsoever
:
The
day
being
come
,
Hamilton
marcheth
to
the
place
appointed
for
the
Session
,
in
the
equipage
of
an
High-Commissioner
,
the
Sword
and
Seal
being
carried
before
him
,
&c.
The
reading
of
his
Commission
,
the
putting
in
and
rejecting
of
the
declinator
,
the
chusing
of
Henderson
to
be
Moderator
of
the
Assembly
,
the
constituting
of
the
Members
of
it
,
and
some
debates
touching
Votes
and
Suffrages
,
challenged
by
Hamilton
for
such
as
were
Assessors
to
him
,
took
up
all
their
time
,
betwixt
their
first
meeting
and
their
dissolution
,
which
was
by
proclamation
solemnly
declared
on
the
twenty
ninth
of
the
same
month
.
But
notwithstanding
the
said
dissolution
,
the
Members
of
the
said
Assembly
continued
their
Session
,
and
therein
passed
many
Acts
for
the
utter
overthrow
of
the
Polity
and
Government
of
the
Church
.
They
not
only
excommunicated
the
Bishops
and
their
Adherents
,
but
condemned
the
very
Function
it self
to
be
Antichristian
,
and
utterly
to
be
abolished
out
of
the
Church
.
The
like
censure
also
they
passed
on
the
Service-book
and
the
Canons
,
with
the
five
Articles
of
Perth
,
and
all
the
Arminian
Tenets
in
case
of
Predestination
,
and
declared
all
men
subject
to
excommunication
,
and
all
other
censures
of
the
Church
,
who
should
refuse
to
yield
obedience
to
all
their
determinations
.
And
albeit
his
Majesty
,
by
the
same
Proclamation
,
had
commanded
all
his
Subjects
not
to
yield
obedience
to
any
of
their
Acts
and
Ordinances
,
yet
those
of
the
Assembly
were
resolved
to
maintain
their
Authority
:
and
not
only
the
Bishops
and
Clergy
,
but
also
as
many
of
the
Laity
as
had
refused
to
subscribe
to
the
Acts
thereof
,
were
deprived
of
their
Offices
and
Preferments
,
banished
their
Country
,
and
forced
to
fly
into
England
,
or
other
places
,
the
King
being
unable
to
protect
them
from
the
power
and
malice
of
their
Adversaries
.
The
King
now
thinks
of
raising
an
Army
against
the
Scots
:
Sir
Rich.
Baker's
Chron.
and
a
Loan
,
for
the
King's
assistance
against
the
Scots
,
is
subscribed
by
many
Lords
of
the
Council
,
and
Bishops
,
&c.
Cardinal
Richlieu
was
no
small
Incendiary
in
this
business
betwixt
the
King
and
Scots
,
who
sent
his
Chaplain
,
and
Almoner
,
Mr.
Thomas
Chamberlain
,
a
Scotch-man
,
to
assist
the
Confederates
in
advancing
the
business
,
and
to
attempt
all
wayes
of
exasperation
,
and
not
to
depart
from
them
till
he
might
return
with
good
news
in
this
project
.
About
the
latter
end
of
this
year
died
John
Spottiswood
,
Archbishop
of
St.
Andrews
,
at
London
,
and
was
buried
near
unto
King
James
in
the
Abbey-church
of
Westminster
.
The
King
began
his
journey
towards
the
North
on
March
twenty
seven
,
his
Army
being
advanced
before
,
the
chief
command
whereof
was
committed
to
the
Earl
of
Arundel
.
The
Scots
presented
a
Petition
to
the
King
at
his
Camp
near
Berwick
.
And
Commissioners
being
on
both
sides
appointed
,
they
came
at
last
to
this
conclusion
,
on
June
17.
viz.
first
,
That
his
Majesty
should
confirm
whatsoever
his
Commissioner
hath
already
granted
in
his
Majesties
name
,
and
that
from
thenceforth
all
matters
Ecclesiastical
should
be
determined
by
the
Assemblies
of
the
Kirk
,
and
all
matters
civil
by
the
Parliament
:
and
to
that
end
a
General
Assembly
to
be
indicted
on
the
sixth
of
August
,
and
a
Parliament
on
the
twentieth
of
the
same
month
,
in
which
Parliament
an
Act
of
Oblivion
was
to
pass
for
the
common
peace
and
satisfaction
of
all
parties
:
that
the
Scots
,
upon
the
publication
of
the
accord
,
should
within
forty
eight
hours
disband
all
their
Forces
,
discharge
all
pretended
Tables
and
Conventicles
,
restore
unto
the
King
all
his
Castles
,
Forts
,
and
Ammunition
of
all
sorts
:
the
like
restitution
to
be
made
to
all
his
good
Subjects
of
their
liberties
,
lands
,
goods
,
&c.
taken
and
detained
from
them
,
since
the
late
pretended
General
Assembly
at
Glascow
:
that
thereupon
the
King
should
presently
recal
his
Fleet
,
and
retire
his
Land-forces
,
and
cause
restitution
to
be
made
to
all
persons
of
their
goods
detained
,
and
arrested
,
since
the
first
of
February
.
But
as
for
the
proceedings
of
the
Assembly
at
Glascow
,
they
seem
to
have
been
left
in
the
same
condition
in
which
they
stood
before
his
Majesties
taking
Arms.
And
the
King
doing
nothing
to
the
abrogating
of
them
,
when
he
was
in
the
Head
of
a
powerful
Army
,
he
could
not
expect
,
that
the
Scots
could
yield
to
any
such
abrogation
,
when
he
had
no
such
Army
to
compel
obedience
.
And
this
immediately
appeared
on
his
Majesties
signing
the
Agreement
,
and
discharging
his
Army
thereupon
.
For
the
Covenanters
,
upon
the
declaration
of
this
accord
,
produced
a
Protestation
.
First
,
Of
adhering
to
their
late
General
Assembly
at
Glascow
,
and
to
all
the
proceedings
there
,
especially
the
sentences
of
Deprivation
,
and
Excommunication
,
of
the
sometimes
pretended
Bishops
of
that
Kingdom
,
as
they
were
termed
.
Secondly
,
Of
adhering
to
their
solemn
Covenant
,
and
declaration
of
the
Assembly
,
whereby
the
Office
of
Bishops
is
abjured
.
Thirdly
,
That
the
Bishops
have
been
malitious
Incendiaries
of
his
Majesty
against
this
Kingdom
by
their
wicked
calumnies
;
and
that
if
they
return
to
this
Kingdom
,
they
be
esteemed
,
and
used
,
as
accursed
,
&c.
Fourthly
,
That
all
the
entertainers
of
the
excommunicated
Bishops
should
be
orderly
proceeded
against
with
Excommunication
,
conform
to
the
Acts
and
Constitutions
of
this
Kirk
.
They
continued
their
Meetings
,
and
Consultations
,
as
before
they
did
,
maintained
their
Fortifications
at
Leith
,
the
Port-town
to
Edenborough
,
and
kept
their
Officers
and
Commanders
in
continual
pay
.
His
Majesty
hereupon
sent
for
some
of
the
Chiefs
of
them
to
come
unto
him
to
Berwick
,
but
was
refused
in
his
Commands
.
The
Earls
of
Kinnoul
,
and
Traquair
,
Chief
Justice
Elphinston
,
and
Sir
James
Hamilton
,
all
Privy
Counsellors
,
were
pulled
violently
out
of
their
Coach
,
on
a
suspition
that
some
Bishops
were
disguised
among
them
;
that
the
King
might
have
some
cause
to
suspect
,
that
there
could
be
no
safety
for
him
in
such
a
place
,
and
among
people
so
enraged
,
notwithstanding
his
great
clemency
toward
them
in
the
pacification
.
In
this
condition
of
Affairs
his
Majesty
returned
toward
London
in
the
end
of
July
1639.
Heylin's
Hist.
of
Archbish.
Laud.
part.
2.
leaving
the
Scots
to
play
their
own
game
as
they
listed
;
having
first
nominated
Traquair
,
as
his
High-Commissioner
,
for
managing
both
the
Assembly
and
the
following
Parliament
.
In
the
first
meeting
of
the
two
,
they
acted
over
all
the
parts
they
had
plaid
at
Glascow
,
to
the
utter
abolition
of
Episcopacy
,
and
the
ruine
of
all
that
adhered
to
it
,
their
actings
in
it
being
confirmed
in
his
name
by
the
High-Commission
.
The
news
whereof
caused
the
King
to
send
for
the
Lord
Wentworth
out
of
Ireland
,
who
was
presently
made
Lord
Lieutenant
of
Ireland
,
and
not
long
after
,
with
great
solemnity
,
created
Earl
of
Strafford
in
the
County
of
York
.
As
Lord
Lieutenant
he
had
power
to
appoint
a
Deputy
,
that
he
might
the
better
attend
the
service
here
without
any
prejudice
to
that
Kingdom
:
which
Office
he
committed
to
Wansford
,
a
York-shire
Gentleman
,
whom
he
had
took
along
with
him
into
Ireland
at
his
first
going
thither
.
His
Majesty
was
pleased
to
commit
the
conduct
of
the
Scottish
Affairs
to
a
Juncto
of
three
,
namely
,
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
the
Earl
of
Strafford
,
and
the
Marquiss
of
Hammilton
.
These
three
move
his
Majesty
to
call
a
Parliament
:
and
it
was
concluded
,
that
a
Parliament
should
be
called
on
April
13.
1640.
In
the
mean
time
the
Lord
Lieutenant
held
a
Parliament
in
Ireland
,
and
so
governed
the
affair
,
that
an
Army
of
eight
thousand
Horse
and
Foot
was
speedily
raised
,
and
money
granted
by
the
Parliament
to
keep
them
in
pay
,
to
furnish
them
with
Ammunition
,
Arms
,
and
all
other
necessaries
.
And
the
Lords
of
the
Council
here
subscribed
largely
for
the
carrying
on
of
the
War
,
until
such
time
as
the
Parliament
should
convene
.
The
Scots
being
informed
of
the
King's
preparation
for
a
War
,
sent
the
Earl
of
Dumferling
,
the
Lord
London
,
Sir
William
Douglas
,
and
Mr.
Barkham
,
to
represent
the
Affairs
of
their
transactions
,
which
were
received
by
the
King
in
a
friendly
manner
.
Some
dayes
being
unprofitably
spent
in
these
debates
,
the
Archbishop
,
and
the
rest
of
the
Committee
delegated
for
this
business
,
made
a
report
of
the
whole
business
to
the
rest
of
the
Council
,
who
came
to
this
result
,
That
since
the
Scots
could
not
be
reclaimed
to
their
obedience
by
other
means
,
they
were
to
be
reduced
by
force
.
Therefore
the
Scots
as
much
bestirred
themselves
on
the
other
side
.
Part
of
the
walls
of
Edenborough-castle
,
with
all
the
Ordnance
upon
it
,
had
fallen
down
on
the
nineteenth
of
November
last
,
being
the
Anniversary
day
of
his
Majesties
birth
,
for
the
repair
whereof
they
would
neither
suffer
Timber
,
nor
other
Materials
,
to
be
carried
to
it
:
but
on
the
contrary
,
they
began
to
raise
Fortifications
against
it
,
with
an
intent
to
block
it
up
,
and
render
it
unuseful
to
his
Majesties
service
.
Neither
would
they
suffer
the
Souldiers
to
come
into
the
Market
to
recruit
their
victuals
.
They
made
provisions
of
great
quantity
of
Artillery
,
Munition
,
and
Arms
,
from
forreign
parts
;
laid
Taxes
of
ten
Marks
in
the
hundred
upon
all
the
Subjects
;
scattered
abroad
many
seditious
Pamphlets
,
for
justifying
themselves
,
and
seducing
others
;
some
of
which
were
burnt
,
in
England
,
by
the
hand
of
the
Hangman
;
fortified
Inchgarvy
,
and
other
places
;
imprisoned
the
Earl
of
Southesk
,
and
other
Persons
of
Quality
,
for
their
fidelity
to
the
King
:
took
to
themselves
the
government
of
Edenborough
;
and
employed
their
Emissaries
in
England
,
to
sollicit
them
to
aid
them
in
maintaining
the
War
against
their
Sovereign
.
But
their
chief
corespondence
was
with
France
,
and
Ireland
.
In
France
they
had
made
sure
of
Cardinal
Richlieu
,
who
governed
all
Affairs
in
that
Kingdom
.
In
Ireland
they
had
a
strong
party
of
natural
Scots
,
planted
in
Vlster
by
King
James
,
upon
the
forfeited
Estates
of
Tir-Owen
,
Tir-Connel
,
Odighirty
,
&c.
But
Wentworth
crushed
them
in
the
beginning
of
the
combination
,
seizing
upon
such
Ships
and
Men
as
came
thither
from
Scotland
,
imprisoning
some
,
fining
others
,
and
putting
an
Oath
upon
the
rest
.
By
which
Oath
they
were
bound
to
abjure
the
Covenant
,
not
to
aid
the
Covenanters
against
the
King
,
nor
to
protest
against
any
of
his
royal
Edicts
,
as
their
Brethren
in
Scotland
use
to
do
:
for
the
refusing
of
which
Oath
,
he
fined
one
Sir
Henry
Steward
,
and
his
Wife
,
at
no
less
than
five
thousand
pound
apiece
,
two
of
their
Daughters
,
and
one
James
Gray
of
the
fame
confederacy
,
at
the
sum
of
three
thousand
pound
apiece
,
committing
them
to
prison
for
not
paying
the
fines
imposed
on
them
.
Some
Scots
having
endeavoured
to
betray
the
Town
and
Castle
of
Carick
fergus
to
a
Noble-man
of
that
Countrey
,
the
principal
Conspirator
was
executed
.
Finally
,
The
Lord
Lieutenant
gave
a
power
to
the
Bishop
of
Down
and
Connor
,
and
other
Bishops
of
that
Kingdom
,
and
their
several
Chancellors
,
to
attach
the
bodies
of
all
such
of
the
meaner
sort
,
who
either
should
refuse
to
appear
before
them
upon
citation
,
or
to
perform
all
lawful
Decrees
,
and
Orders
,
made
by
the
said
Bishops
,
&c.
and
to
commit
them
to
the
next
Gaol
,
till
they
should
conform
,
or
answer
the
contempt
at
the
Council-Table
.
By
means
whereof
the
poorer
sort
became
very
obedient
to
their
several
Bishops
.
In
the
mean
time
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
is
intent
on
the
preservation
of
the
Hierarchy
,
and
the
Church
of
England
against
the
practices
of
the
Scots
,
and
Scotizing
English
:
and
no
less
busied
in
digesting
an
Apology
for
vindicating
the
Liturgy
commended
to
the
Kirk
of
Scotland
.
He
took
order
for
translating
the
Scottish
Liturgy
into
the
Latin
Tongue
,
that
being
published
with
the
Apology
which
he
had
designed
,
it
might
give
satisfaction
to
the
world
of
his
Majesties
Piety
,
and
his
own
great
care
,
the
orthodoxy
and
simplicity
of
the
Book
it self
,
and
the
perverseness
of
the
Scots
in
refusing
all
of
it
.
Which
Work
was
finished
,
and
left
with
him
:
the
present
distemper
of
the
times
,
and
the
troubles
which
fell
heavily
on
him
,
putting
an
end
to
it
in
the
first
beginning
.
He
recommended
to
Doctor
Hall
,
then
Bishop
of
Exon
,
the
writing
of
a
Book
in
defence
of
the
Divine
right
of
Episcopacy
,
in
opposition
to
the
Scots
and
their
Adherents
.
Exeter
having
undertaken
it
,
sent
the
first
delineations
of
the
Pourtracture
to
Lambeth
in
the
end
of
October
,
which
were
generally
well
approved
of
by
the
Metropolitan
:
who
having
made
some
alterations
,
sent
them
back
with
many
kind
expressions
of
a
fair
acceptance
.
And
such
was
the
freedom
he
used
in
declaring
his
judgment
in
the
case
;
and
such
the
Authority
which
his
Reasons
carried
along
with
them
,
that
the
Bishop
of
Exon
found
good
cause
to
correct
his
Opinon
according
to
the
Rules
of
these
Animadversions
;
agreeable
unto
which
the
Book
was
writ
,
and
published
not
long
after
,
under
the
name
of
Episcopacy
by
Divine
right
,
&c.
Whilst
the
Archbishop
laboured
to
support
Episcopacy
on
the
one
side
,
some
of
the
adverse
party
laboured
as
much
to
suppress
it
,
by
lopping
off
the
branches
first
,
and
afterwards
by
laying
the
Axe
to
the
root
of
the
Tree
.
Bagshaw
,
a
Lawyer
of
some
standing
,
of
the
Middle-Temple
,
began
to
question
the
Bishop's
place
and
vote
in
Parliament
,
their
Temporal
power
,
and
the
authority
of
the
Commission
.
For
being
chosen
Reader
,
by
that
House
for
the
Lent-vacation
,
he
first
selected
for
the
Argument
of
his
discoursings
,
the
Statute
of
25
Edw.
3.
cap.
7.
His
main
design
was
intended
chiefly
for
the
defence
of
such
Prohibitions
,
as
formerly
had
been
granted
by
the
Courts
in
Westminster-hall
,
to
stop
the
proceedings
of
the
Court-Christian
,
and
specially
of
the
High-Commission
,
and
in
the
next
place
to
deny
the
Authority
of
the
Commission
it self
,
as
before
was
noted
.
Hereupon
the
Archbishop
informs
his
Majesty
both
of
the
Man
and
of
his
design
,
how
far
he
had
gone
in
justifying
the
proceedings
of
the
Scottish
Covenanters
,
in
decrying
the
temporal
power
of
Church-men
,
and
the
undoubted
right
of
Bishops
to
their
place
in
Parliament
:
his
Majesty
hereupon
gives
order
to
Finch
,
the
new
Lord
Keeper
,
to
interdict
all
further
Reading
on
those
points
.
Hereupon
it
was
soon
found
,
that
nothing
could
be
done
therein
without
leave
from
the
King
,
and
no
such
leave
to
be
obtained
without
the
consent
of
the
Archbishop
.
To
Lambeth
therefore
goes
the
Reader
,
where
he
found
no
admittance
till
the
third
Address
,
and
was
then
told
,
That
he
was
fallen
upon
a
Subject
neither
safe
nor
seasonable
,
which
should
stick
closer
to
him
then
he
was
aware
of
.
Whereupon
Bagshaw
hasteneth
out
of
Town
.
Short
view
of
the
life
and
reign
of
King
Charles
,
p.
77.
The
Parliament
came
together
on
April
13.
1640.
instead
of
acting
any
thing
for
his
Majesties
service
,
they
were
at
the
point
of
passing
a
Vote
for
blasting
his
War
against
the
Scots
.
To
prevent
which
,
his
Majesty
was
forced
to
dissolve
them
on
May
5.
the
Convocation
still
continuing
,
who
granted
him
a
Benevolence
of
four
shillings
in
the
pound
for
all
their
Ecclesiastical
promotions
,
to
be
paid
six
years
together
then
next
ensuing
.
The
Convocation
sate
after
the
breaking
up
of
the
Parliament
.
A
new
Commission
was
brought
from
his
Majesty
,
by
vertue
whereof
they
were
warranted
to
sit
still
,
not
in
the
capacity
of
a
Convocation
,
but
of
a
Synod
,
to
prepare
their
Canons
for
the
Royal
assent
thereunto
.
But
Doctor
Brewnrigg
,
Doctor
Hacket
,
Doctor
Holdsworth
,
Mr.
Warmstrey
,
with
others
,
to
the
number
of
thirty
six
(
the
whole
House
consisting
of
about
sixscore
)
protested
against
the
continuance
of
the
Convocation
.
To
satisfie
these
,
an
Instrument
was
brought
into
the
Synod
,
signed
with
the
hands
of
the
Lord
Privy-seal
,
the
two
chief
Justices
,
and
other
Judges
,
justifying
their
so
fitting
in
the
nature
of
a
Synod
,
to
be
legal
according
to
the
Laws
of
the
Realm
.
Now
their
disjoynted
meeting
being
set
together
again
,
they
consulted
about
new
Canons
.
I
shall
set
down
the
number
,
and
titles
,
of
the
several
Canons
.
-
1.
Concerning
the
Regal
power
.
-
2.
For
the
better
keeping
of
the
day
of
his
Majesties
Inauguration
.
-
3.
For
suppressing
of
the
growth
of
Popery
.
-
4.
Against
Socinianism
.
-
5.
Against
Sectaries
.
-
6.
An
Oath
enjoyned
for
the
preventing
of
all
Innovations
in
Doctrine
and
Government
,
-
7.
A
Declaration
concerning
some
Rites
and
Ceremonies
,
-
8.
Of
preaching
for
Conformity
.
-
9.
One
Book
of
Articles
of
enquiry
to
be
used
at
all
Parochial
visitations
.
-
10.
Concerning
the
Conversation
of
the
Clergy
.
-
11.
Chancellors
Patents
.
-
12.
Chancellors
alone
not
not
to
censure
any
of
the
Clergy
in
sundry
cases
.
-
13.
Excommunication
,
and
Absolution
,
not
to
be
pronounced
but
by
a
Priest
.
-
14.
Concerning
the
Commutations
,
and
the
disposing
of
them
.
-
15.
Concerning
some
Concurrent
Jurisdictions
.
-
16.
Concerning
Licenses
to
marry
.
-
17.
Against
vexatious
Citations
.
The
Oath
it self
I
shall
set
down
,
as
I
find
it
in
the
Life
of
Archbishop
Laud
,
written
by
Doctor
Heylin
,
in
this
form
following
,
viz.
I
A.
B.
do
swear
,
That
I
do
approve
the
Doctrine
,
and
Discipline
,
or
Government
established
in
the
Church
of
England
,
as
containing
all
things
necessary
to
salvation
;
And
that
I
will
not
endeavour
by
my self
,
or
any
other
,
directly
,
or
indirectly
,
to
bring
in
any
Popish
doctrine
,
contrary
to
that
which
is
so
established
.
Nor
will
I
ever
give
my
consent
to
alter
the
Government
of
this
Church
by
Archbishops
,
Bishops
,
Deans
,
and
Archdeacons
,
&c.
As
it
stands
now
established
,
and
as
by
right
it
ought
to
stand
;
nor
yet
ever
subject
it
to
the
usurpations
and
superstitions
of
the
See
of
Rome
.
And
all
these
things
I
do
plainly
and
seriously
acknowledge
and
swear
,
according
to
the
plain
and
common
sence
and
understanding
of
the
same
words
,
without
any
equivocation
,
or
mental
evasion
,
or
secret
reservation
whatsoever
.
And
this
I
do
heartily
,
willingly
and
truly
,
upon
the
faith
of
a
Christian
.
So
help
me
God
in
Jesus
Christ
.
Toward
the
close
of
the
Convocation
,
Doctor
Griffith
made
a
motion
,
that
there
might
be
a
new
Edition
of
the
Welsh
Church-bible
,
some
sixty
years
first
translated
into
Welsh
by
the
endeavours
of
Bishop
Morgan
,
but
not
without
many
mistakes
and
omissions
of
the
Printer
.
The
matter
was
committed
to
the
care
of
the
Welsh
Bishops
,
but
nothing
was
effected
therein
.
Near
the
ending
of
the
Synod
Godfrey
Goodman
,
Bishop
of
Glocester
,
privately
acquainted
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
that
he
could
not
in
his
Conscience
subscribe
the
new
Canons
.
The
Archbishop
being
present
with
the
Synod
in
King
Henry
the
Seventh
his
Chappel
,
said
unto
him
,
My
Lord
of
Glocester
,
I
admonish
you
to
subscribe
:
and
presently
after
,
My
Lord
of
Glocester
,
I
admonish
you
the
second
time
to
subscribe
:
and
immediately
after
,
I
admonish
you
to
subscribe
.
To
all
which
the
Bishop
pleaded
Conscience
,
and
returned
a
denial
.
Some
dayes
after
he
was
committed
to
the
Gate-house
.
Soon
after
the
same
Canons
were
subscribed
at
York
,
and
on
the
last
of
June
following
the
said
Canons
were
publickly
printed
,
with
the
Royal
assent
affixed
thereunto
.
Fuller
.
Church
History
.
ad
An.
1640.
Various
were
mens
censures
upon
these
Canons
.
But
most
took
exception
against
that
clause
in
the
Oath
,
We
will
never
give
any
consent
to
alter
this
Church-governmet
,
as
if
the
same
were
intended
to
abridge
the
liberty
of
King
and
State
in
future
Parliaments
,
and
Convocations
,
if
hereafter
they
saw
cause
to
change
any
thing
therein
.
Yet
others
with
a
favourable
sence
endeavoured
to
qualifie
this
suspitious
clause
,
whereby
the
taker
of
this
Oath
was
tied
up
from
consenting
to
any
alteration
,
saying
,
that
these
words
,
[
We
will
never
give
any
consent
to
alter
]
are
intended
here
to
be
meant
only
of
a
voluntary
and
pragmatical
alteration
,
when
men
conspire
and
endeavour
to
change
the
present
Government
of
the
Church
,
in
such
particulars
as
they
do
dislike
,
without
the
consent
of
their
Superiors
.
Bishop
Goodman
,
on
July
the
tenth
,
made
acknowledgment
of
his
fault
before
the
Lords
of
the
Council
,
and
took
the
Oath
enjoyned
in
the
sixth
Canon
,
for
preserving
the
Doctrines
and
Discipline
of
the
Church
of
England
,
against
all
Popish
doctrines
which
were
thereunto
repugnant
.
Upon
the
doing
whereof
he
was
restored
,
by
his
Majesty
,
to
his
former
liberty
.
Yet
in
the
time
of
his
last
sickness
,
it
is
said
,
that
he
declared
himself
to
be
a
Member
of
the
Church
of
Rome
,
and
caused
it
so
to
be
expressed
in
his
last
Will
and
Testament
.
On
December
27.
1639.
at
night
,
and
the
night
following
,
there
was
such
a
violent
Tempest
,
that
many
of
the
Boats
,
which
were
drawn
to
Land
at
Lambeth
,
were
dashed
one
against
the
other
,
and
were
broke
to
pieces
:
Heylin's
Hist.
of
Archbishop
Laud.
ad
An.
1640.
and
that
the
shafts
of
two
Chimneys
were
blown
down
upon
the
roof
of
the
Archbishop's
Chamber
,
and
beat
down
both
the
Lead
and
Rafters
upon
his
Bed
,
in
which
ruine
he
must
needs
have
perished
,
if
the
roughness
of
the
Water
had
not
forced
him
to
keep
his
Chamber
at
White-hall
.
A
like
mischance
happened
the
same
night
at
Croydon
(
a
retiring
place
belonging
to
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
)
where
one
of
the
Pinacles
fell
from
the
Steeple
,
beat
down
the
Lead
and
Roof
of
the
Church
above
twenty
foot
square
.
But
that
which
was
more
remarkable
than
either
of
these
,
was
that
which
happened
the
same
night
at
Canterbury
,
in
the
Metropolitical
Church
,
where
one
of
the
Pinacles
upon
the
top
of
the
Belfrey-Tower
,
which
carried
a
Vane
with
this
Archbishop's
Arms
upon
it
,
was
violently
struck
down
,
but
born
a
good
distance
from
the
Steeple
,
to
fall
upon
the
Roof
of
the
Cloyster
,
where
the
Armes
of
the
Archiepiscopal
See
it self
were
ingraven
in
Stone
:
which
Armes
being
broke
to
pieces
by
the
fall
of
the
other
:
on
Friday
night
,
January
24.
1639.
he
dreamed
,
that
his
Father
(
who
died
46.
years
before
)
came
to
him
,
being
to
his
thinking
seemingly
well
and
cheerful
,
that
his
Father
asked
him
,
what
he
did
there
:
that
after
some
speech
,
he
demanded
of
his
Father
how
long
he
would
stay
there
;
and
that
his
Father
made
this
answer
,
he
would
stay
till
he
had
him
along
with
him
.
Which
made
such
an
impression
on
him
,
that
he
thought
fit
to
remember
this
in
his
Breviate
.
A
brute
being
spread
abroad
,
That
the
late
Parliament
had
been
dissolved
by
his
procurement
;
a
paper
was
pasted
up
at
the
Exchange
,
by
John
Lilburn
,
animating
the
Apprentices
to
sack
his
House
at
Lambeth
,
on
the
Monday
following
,
and
that
night
we
was
assaulted
by
five
hundred
of
the
Rabble
,
who
strove
to
force
an
entrance
,
but
were
repulsed
.
And
having
fortified
his
House
with
some
pieces
of
Canon
,
he
with-drew
to
his
Chamber
at
Whitehall
till
the
Rage
of
the
people
was
blown
over
.
Some
of
the
principal
Actors
in
this
Sedition
being
apprehended
and
committed
to
the
Goal
in
Southwark
,
were
forcibly
delivered
by
others
of
their
Accomplices
,
who
brake
open
that
and
all
other
Prisons
in
that
precinct
,
for
which
one
Benstead
,
one
of
the
Ring
,
leaders
was
retaken
,
arraigned
,
condemned
,
hanged
,
drawn
and
quartered
,
on
May
21.
Yet
for
all
this
,
Libels
were
scattered
against
the
Archbishop
in
most
parts
of
the
City
.
And
his
Majesty
being
then
newly
gone
in
person
with
an
Army
against
the
Scots
,
about
the
end
of
August
a
paper
was
dropt
in
Covent-garden
,
encouraging
the
Souldiers
and
Apprentices
to
fall
upon
him
,
yet
was
there
no
tumult
raised
upon
it
.
Then
he
gave
order
,
that
the
High-commission
should
be
kept
at
St.
Paul's
:
and
the
Commissioners
sitting
there
,
on
October
22.
were
violently
assaulted
by
a
mixt
multitude
of
Sectaries
,
to
the
number
of
two
thousand
,
crying
out
,
They
would
have
no
Bishops
,
nor
High
Commission
.
In
which
tumult
having
frighted
away
the
Judges
,
Advocates
,
and
Officers
of
the
Court
,
they
brake
down
all
the
seats
and
benches
which
they
found
in
the
Consistory
;
so
that
a
guard
was
set
upon
that
Church
,
as
before
at
Westminster
,
not
onely
at
the
next
sitting
of
the
said
Commissioners
,
but
at
the
first
meeting
of
the
Convocation
,
which
soon
after
followed
.
The
Scots
were
now
entred
the
Realm
in
hostile
manner
:
and
having
put
by
his
Majesties
Forces
at
a
place
called
Newbourn
,
they
passed
over
the
Tine
,
and
presently
made
themselves
Masters
of
the
strong
Town
of
New-castle
,
his
Majesties
Forces
not
very
far
distant
.
Many
of
the
King
's
own
Souldiers
in
their
marchings
through
the
Countrey
,
brake
into
Churches
,
pulled
up
the
Rayles
,
threw
down
the
Communion
Tables
,
defaced
the
Common-Prayer
Books
,
tore
the
Surplices
,
&c.
The
Scots
set
forth
a
Remonstance
,
wherein
it
was
declared
,
That
their
Propositions
and
desires
could
find
no
access
unto
the
ears
of
the
Gratious
King
,
by
reason
of
the
powerful
Diversion
of
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
and
the
Deputy
of
Ireland
,
&c.
who
did
onely
side
in
all
matters
of
Temporal
and
Spiritual
Affairs
,
&c.
This
Remonstrance
was
seconded
with
another
Pamphlet
,
called
,
The
Intention
of
the
Army
.
They
signified
therein
,
that
they
had
no
design
to
wast
the
goods
of
the
People
of
England
,
or
spoil
their
Countrey
;
but
onely
to
become
petitioners
to
his
Majesty
to
call
a
Parliament
,
and
to
bring
the
said
Archbishop
and
Lord
Lieutenant
to
their
condign
punishments
.
And
that
the
English
might
the
better
see
whom
they
chiefly
aimed
at
,
a
Book
was
published
by
the
name
of
Laudensium
Autocatacrisis
,
or
the
Canterburians
self-conviction
.
Heylin
.
Hist.
of
Archbish.
Laud.
Upon
this
his
Majesty
was
assaulted
by
a
Petition
from
some
Lords
in
the
South
,
wherein
complaint
was
made
of
the
many
inconveniences
which
had
been
drawn
on
this
Kingdom
,
by
the
King's
ingagings
against
the
Scots
,
as
also
of
the
growth
of
Popery
;
of
the
pressing
of
the
present
payment
of
Ship-money
;
the
dissolving
of
former
Parliaments
,
Monopolies
,
Innovations
,
and
some
other
grievances
,
among
which
the
Canons
which
were
made
in
the
late
Convocation
,
could
not
be
omitted
.
For
remedy
whereof
,
His
Majesty
is
desired
to
call
a
Parliament
,
&c.
Subscribed
by
divers
of
the
Nobility
,
presented
to
the
King
at
York
on
September
3.
and
seconded
by
another
from
the
City
of
London
to
the
same
effect
.
The
King
therefore
resolves
to
hold
a
Parliament
,
and
on
November
3.
1640.
that
long
lasting
Parliament
began
.
A
Letter
was
writ
to
the
A●chbishop
of
Canterbury
,
advertising
,
That
the
Parliament
of
the
twentieth
year
of
King
Henry
the
Eighth
,
which
began
in
the
fall
of
Cardinal
Wolsey
,
continued
in
the
Diminution
of
the
Power
and
Priviledges
of
the
Clergy
,
and
ended
in
the
dissolution
of
the
Abbies
and
Religious
Houses
,
was
begun
on
the
third
day
of
November
:
and
therefore
that
,
for
good-luck-sake
,
he
would
move
the
King
to
respite
the
first
si●ting
of
it
for
a
day
or
two
longer
.
But
the
Archbishop
hearkned
not
to
this
advertisement
,
and
the
Parliament
began
at
the
time
appointed
.
On
the
morrow
after
began
the
Convocation
at
St.
Paul's
Church
,
hand
selled
at
their
first
meeting
by
the
news
of
the
Decease
of
Dr.
Neile
,
Archbishop
of
York
:
But
litle
was
done
in
this
Convocation
,
but
that
a
motion
was
made
by
Mr.
Warmstrey
(
a
Clerk
for
Worcester
)
That
they
should
endeavour
(
according
to
the
Levitical
Law
)
to
cover
the
pit
which
they
had
opened
,
and
to
prevent
their
Adversaries
intention
,
by
condemning
such
offensive
Canons
as
were
made
the
last
Convocation
.
But
they
were
loth
to
confess
themselves
guilty
before
they
were
accused
.
Soon
after
Mr.
Prynne
,
Dr.
Bastwick
,
and
Mr.
Burton
were
discharged
out
of
prison
,
and
brought
with
great
Triumph
into
London
.
Bishop
Williams
and
Mr.
Osbaston
,
being
remitted
their
fines
,
were
restored
to
their
Livings
and
Liberty
.
Doctor
Pocklington
,
and
Doctor
Bray
were
censured
;
the
former
for
Preaching
and
Printing
,
the
latter
for
Licensing
two
Books
,
one
called
Sunday
no
Sabbath
:
the
other
The
Christian
Alter
.
Not
many
days
after
the
Earl
of
Strafford
was
impeached
of
High
Treason
,
by
Mr.
Pym
,
in
fourteen
Articles
.
The
Earl
was
forthwith
Sequestred
the
House
,
and
committed
to
the
Black
Rod
,
and
sent
not
long
after
to
the
Tower
.
December
18.
Archbishop
Laud
,
and
Bishop
Wren
,
were
voted
by
the
Commons
,
Guilty
of
High
Treason
,
and
a
charge
was
immediately
brought
in
against
Bishop
Laud
,
upon
the
Reading
of
which
on
March
1.
he
was
sent
to
the
Tower
.
The
same
moneth
Alderman
Pennington
,
with
a
great
multitude
out
of
London
,
petitioned
the
House
against
Episcopal
Government
,
and
the
Rites
and
Ceremonies
of
the
Church
.
A
Committee
was
appointed
to
consider
of
matters
of
Religion
,
setled
in
the
Upper
House
of
Parliament
.
Ten
Earls
,
ten
Bishops
,
ten
Barons
.
At
the
same
time
the
Lords
appointed
a
Sub-committee
,
to
prepare
matters
fit
for
their
cognizance
(
the
Bishop
of
Lincoln
having
the
Chair
in
both
)
authorized
to
call
together
divers
Bishops
and
Divines
,
to
consult
together
for
correcting
what
was
amiss
,
and
to
settle
peace
,
viz.
-
The
Archbishop
of
Armagh
.
-
The
Bishop
of
Durham
.
-
The
Bishop
of
Exeter
.
-
Dr.
Samuel
Ward
.
-
Dr.
William
Twisse
.
-
Dr.
Robert
Sanderson
.
-
Dr.
Daniel
Featley
.
-
Dr.
Ralph
Brownrigg
.
-
Dr.
Richard
Holdsworth
.
-
Dr.
John
Hacket
.
-
Dr.
Cornelius
Burgesse
.
-
Mr.
John
White
.
-
Mr.
Stephen
Marshall
.
-
Mr.
Edmond
Calamy
.
-
Mr.
Thomas
Hill
.
The
place
of
their
meeting
was
Jerusalem-chamber
in
the
Dean
of
Westminster's
house
,
where
they
had
solemn
debates
six
several
days
.
First
they
consult
on
innovations
in
Doctrine
.
Then
they
enquire
into
Preter-canonical
conformity
,
and
innovations
in
Discipline
;
and
concerning
the
Common-Prayer
.
Lastly
,
they
entred
on
the
Regulating
of
Ecclesiastical
Government
,
which
was
not
brought
in
,
because
the
Bishop
of
Lincoln
had
undertaken
the
draught
thereof
,
but
not
finished
it
,
as
employed
at
the
same
time
in
many
weighty
matters
of
State
.
This
consultation
continued
till
the
middle
of
May.
But
the
B●ll
against
Deans
and
Chapters
,
put
such
a
distance
between
the
foresaid
Divines
,
that
never
their
Judgments
(
and
scarce
their
persons
)
met
after
together
.
The
Canons
made
in
the
late
Convocation
were
condemned
in
the
House
of
Commons
,
as
being
against
the
King's
Prerogative
,
the
Fundamental
Laws
of
the
Realm
,
the
Liberty
and
Property
of
the
Subject
,
and
containing
divers
other
things
tending
to
Sedition
,
and
of
dangerous
consequence
.
Many
things
were
charged
against
the
Archbishop
by
the
Scots
Commissioners
,
viz.
That
he
had
pressed
upon
that
Kirk
,
many
Innovations
in
Religion
,
contained
in
the
Liturgy
and
Book
of
Canons
,
contrary
to
the
Liberties
and
Laws
thereof
.
That
he
had
required
Ballentine
,
Bishop
of
Dumblane
,
and
the
rest
of
the
Bishops
to
be
present
at
the
Divine
Service
in
their
Whites
,
and
blamed
the
said
Bishop
for
his
negligence
in
it
,
&c.
That
he
gave
order
for
the
taking
down
Stone-walls
and
Galleries
in
the
Churches
of
Edenborough
,
to
no
other
end
but
for
the
setting
up
of
Altars
,
and
Adoration
toward
the
East
.
That
for
their
Supplicating
against
these
Novations
,
they
were
declared
Rebels
in
all
the
Parish-Churches
of
England
;
and
a
War
kindled
against
them
by
his
Arts
and
Practices
.
That
their
Covenant
by
him
was
called
ungodly
,
and
that
divers
Oathes
were
imposed
upon
their
Countrey-men
to
abjure
the
same
.
That
he
in
the
presence
of
the
King
spared
not
to
rail
against
the
General
Assembly
held
at
Glascow
,
and
put
his
hand
to
a
Warrant
for
imprisoning
some
of
those
Commissioners
sent
from
the
Parliament
of
Scotland
,
for
the
Peace
of
both
Nations
.
That
when
the
late
Parliament
could
not
be
moved
to
assist
in
the
War
against
them
;
he
had
caused
the
same
to
be
dissolved
,
and
continued
the
Convocation
,
to
make
Canons
against
them
and
their
Doctrines
,
&c.
Such
was
the
charge
exhibited
by
the
Scots
Commissioners
,
in
which
many
thought
there
was
nothing
criminal
enough
to
deserve
Imprisonment
,
much
less
to
menace
him
with
death
.
The
Bishop
of
Ely
was
impeached
for
many
reputed
misdemeanours
in
the
See
of
Norwich
.
That
he
deprived
or
banished
,
within
the
space
of
two
years
,
fifty
Godly
,
Learned
,
Painful
Ministers
.
His
placing
the
Communion-Table
Altar-wise
,
and
causing
a
Rayl
to
be
set
before
it
.
The
practising
of
Superstition
in
his
own
person
,
his
bowing
toward
it
;
Consecrating
the
Bread
and
Wine
at
the
West-side
of
the
Table
,
with
his
back
toward
the
people
,
and
elevating
the
same
above
his
Head
,
that
the
people
might
see
it
,
causing
the
seats
in
all
places
to
be
so
contrived
,
that
the
people
must
of
necessity
kneel
towards
the
East
.
Appointing
no
Prayers
to
be
used
by
Preachers
before
their
Sermons
,
but
that
prescribed
by
the
Canon
,
&c.
In
the
midst
of
these
troublesom
times
died
Dr.
John
Davenant
,
Bishop
of
Salisbury
.
A
little
before
his
death
he
prayed
emphatically
for
half
a
quarter
of
an
hour
.
Among
many
heavenly
passages
therein
,
He
thanked
God
for
this
his
fatherly
correction
,
because
in
all
his
life-time
he
never
had
any
one
heavy
affliction
,
which
made
him
often
much
suspect
with
himself
,
whether
he
was
a
true
child
of
God
or
no.
Deans
and
Chapters
being
now
opposed
by
Parliament
,
the
Cathedral-men
endeavour
to
preserve
their
Foundations
;
and
by
their
friends
obtain
leave
to
be
admitted
into
the
House
of
Commons
,
and
to
be
heard
what
they
could
alledge
in
their
own
behalf
.
They
made
choice
of
Doctor
John
Hacket
,
Prebendary
of
St.
Pauls
to
be
the
mouth
for
all
the
rest
.
He
shewed
,
Fuller
.
Church
Hist.
Cent.
17.
lib.
11.
that
to
supply
the
defects
of
Prayer
committed
by
private
men
,
the
publick
duty
thereof
should
be
constantly
performed
in
some
principal
place
(
in
imitation
of
the
Primitive
practice
)
and
this
is
done
in
Cathedrals
.
He
spake
much
also
in
praise
of
Church-musick
,
when
moderated
to
Edification
.
He
took
occasion
to
resell
that
slaunder
,
which
some
cast
on
Lecture-preachers
,
as
an
upstart
Co●poration
,
alledging
,
that
the
local
Statutes
of
most
,
or
all
Cathedral
Churches
,
do
require
Lectures
on
the
week-days
.
And
in
the
name
of
his
Brethren
,
he
requested
that
Honourable
House
,
that
godly
and
profitable
Preaching
might
be
the
more
exacted
.
Then
he
insisted
on
the
advancement
of
Learning
,
as
the
proper
use
and
convenience
of
Cathedrals
,
each
of
them
being
a
small
Academy
for
the
Champions
of
Christ's
cause
,
against
the
Adversaries
,
by
their
Learned
pens
.
Here
he
proffered
to
prove
by
a
Catalogue
of
their
Names
and
Works
,
which
he
could
produce
,
that
most
excellent
labours
in
this
kind
(
excepting
some
few
)
have
preceeded
from
persons
preferred
in
Cathedrals
:
Now
what
a
disheartning
would
it
be
to
young
Students
,
if
such
promotions
were
taken
away
.
He
alledged
also
,
that
the
antient
and
genuine
use
of
Deans
and
Chapters
;
was
as
Senatus
Episcopi
,
to
assist
the
Bishop
in
his
jurisdiction
.
He
said
,
that
Cathedral-Churches
were
the
first
Monuments
of
Christianity
in
England
.
From
things
he
passed
to
persons
,
and
began
with
the
multitude
of
such
members
,
as
had
maintenance
from
Cathedrals
,
the
total
amounting
to
many
thousands
;
All
which
by
the
dissolution
of
Deans
and
Chapters
must
be
exposed
to
poverty
.
Next
,
he
instanced
in
their
Tenants
,
who
holding
Leases
from
Deans
and
Chapters
,
are
sensible
of
their
own
happiness
(
as
enjoying
six
parts
of
seven
in
pure
gain
)
and
therefore
have
petitioned
the
House
to
continue
their
Antient
Landlords
.
Moreover
,
such
Cities
wherein
Cathedrals
stand
(
if
Maritime
)
being
very
poor
in
Trade
,
are
enriched
by
the
hospitality
of
the
Clergy
,
and
the
frequent
resort
of
Strangers
unto
them
.
Then
he
shewed
,
that
divers
of
low
degree
,
but
generous
Spirits
,
would
labour
by
qualifying
themselves
by
Industry
and
Vertue
,
to
attain
a
share
of
Cathedral
endowments
,
as
the
common
possession
of
the
Realm
,
&c.
He
trusted
their
Honours
would
account
it
reasonable
,
that
the
Clergy
had
in
some
sort
a
better
maintenance
than
in
neighbouring
reformed
Churches
,
and
not
with
Jeroboam's
Priests
to
be
the
basest
of
the
people
.
Then
he
instanced
in
some
famous
forreign
Protestants
,
who
had
found
relief
by
being
installed
Prebendaries
in
our
Cathedral
and
Collegiate
Churches
,
as
Dr.
Saravia
preferred
by
Queen
Elizabeth
,
Dr.
Casaubon
(
Father
and
Son
)
by
King
James
,
Dr.
Primrose
,
Mr.
Vossius
,
in
the
reign
of
King
Charles
,
and
Dr.
Peter
Du-Moulin
.
And
to
destroy
Deans
and
Chapters
would
highly
gratifie
Rome
;
for
Sanders
himself
seemeth
to
complain
,
that
Queen
Elizabeth
had
left
Provosts
,
Deans
,
Canons
,
and
Prebendaries
in
Cathedral
and
Collegiate
Churches
,
because
he
foresaw
such
Foundations
would
conduce
to
the
stability
of
Religion
.
He
went
forward
to
shew
how
such
Lands
paid
greater
sums
to
the
Exchequer
for
First-fruits
,
tenths
and
subsidies
,
according
to
the
proportion
,
than
any
other
Estates
and
Corporations
in
the
Kingdom
.
He
implored
to
find
the
antient
and
honourable
Justice
of
the
House
unto
his
Brethren
,
who
were
not
charged
,
much
less
convicted
of
any
Scandalous
faults
justly
for
the
same
to
forfeit
their
estates
.
At
last
he
set
before
them
the
Honour
of
God
,
to
whose
worship
and
service
such
Fabricks
and
Lands
were
dedicated
,
and
barred
all
alienations
with
(
which
he
said
,
is
termenda
vox
)
curses
and
imprecations
.
He
minded
them
of
the
censures
of
Korah
and
his
Complices
,
pronounced
hallowed
,
because
pretended
to
do
God
service
therewith
.
He
added
that
of
Solomon
,
Prov.
20.25
.
It
is
a
snare
to
a
man
that
devoureth
that
which
is
holy
.
He
added
also
that
smart
question
of
St.
Paul
,
Thou
that
abhorrest
idols
,
dost
thou
commit
Sacriledge
?
and
concluded
,
that
on
the
ruines
of
the
rewards
of
Learning
,
no
structure
can
be
raised
but
ignorance
,
and
upon
the
Chaos
of
ignorance
,
nothing
can
be
built
but
Profaneness
and
Confusion
.
This
speech
was
generally
well-resented
,
and
wrought
much
on
the
House
for
the
present
.
In
the
afternoon
Dr.
Cornelius
Burgesse
made
a
vehement
Invective
against
Deans
and
Chapters
,
&c.
He
aggravated
the
debauchedness
of
Singing
men
,
not
onely
useless
,
but
hurtful
by
their
Vicious
conversation
:
Yet
he
concluded
with
the
utter
unlawfulness
to
convert
such
endowments
to
any
private
person's
profit
.
Then
was
a
Bill
brought
up
from
the
Commons
to
the
Lords
against
Bishops
and
Clergy-men
:
and
it
was
Voted
.
-
I.
That
they
should
have
no
Votes
in
Parliament
.
-
II.
That
they
should
not
be
in
the
Commission
of
the
Peace
,
nor
be
Judges
in
Temporal
Courts
.
-
III.
Nor
sit
in
the
Star-chamber
,
nor
be
Privy
Counsellors
.
The
last
branches
of
this
Bill
passed
by
general
consent
,
not
above
two
dissenting
.
But
the
first
branch
was
Voted
by
the
Lords
in
the
negative
.
But
at
last
it
was
wholly
cast
out
.
The
Archbishop
advised
the
drawing
of
a
Petition
to
both
Houses
of
Parliament
in
the
name
of
the
University
of
Oxford
,
not
onely
for
the
preservation
of
Episcopal
Government
,
but
of
those
Foundations
,
as
being
both
the
encouragements
and
rewards
of
Learning
.
In
which
petition
having
spoken
,
in
few
words
,
of
the
Antiquity
and
Succession
of
Bishops
,
from
the
Apostles
themselves
,
they
insist
more
at
large
upon
such
suggestions
as
might
best
justifie
and
endear
the
cause
of
Cathedral
Churches
.
The
like
petition
came
from
Cambridge
,
as
much
concern'd
in
this
common
cause
as
Oxon.
At
a
solemn
Fast
,
not
long
after
,
the
Temporal
Lords
took
precedence
of
the
Bishops
,
contrary
to
the
custom
of
their
Predecessors
in
all
times
foregoing
:
which
being
observed
by
the
Lord
Spencer
,
Is
this
,
said
he
,
a
day
of
humiliation
,
wherein
we
shew
so
great
a
pride
,
in
taking
place
of
those
to
whom
it
was
allowed
by
all
our
Ancestors
?
The
Bill
against
the
High-commission
Court
,
was
the
third
time
read
in
the
House
of
Lords
,
and
passed
,
which
some
days
after
was
confirmed
by
his
Majesty
.
The
Bishop
of
Lincoln
brought
up
a
Bill
to
regulate
Bishops
and
their
jurisdiction
.
This
Bill
was
but
once
read
in
the
House
,
and
no
great
matter
made
thereof
.
The
Bishops
that
were
impeached
for
making
Canons
,
craved
time
till
Michaelmas
Term.
This
was
vehemently
opposed
by
some
Lords
,
and
two
questions
were
put
.
-
I.
Whether
the
Bishops
should
fit
still
in
the
House
,
though
without
voting
(
to
which
themselves
consented
)
whilst
the
circumstance
of
time
for
their
answer
was
in
debate
.
-
II.
What
time
they
should
have
for
their
answer
.
The
first
of
these
was
carried
for
them
by
one
present
voice
,
and
four
Proxies
;
and
for
the
second
,
time
was
allowed
them
till
the
tenth
of
November
,
and
Councel
was
permitted
unto
them
.
Bishop
Warner
of
Rochester
is
chosen
by
joynt
consent
to
solicit
the
cause
,
sparing
neither
care
nor
cost
therein
.
Mr.
Chute
drew
up
a
Demurrer
in
their
behalf
,
that
their
offence
in
making
Canons
could
not
amount
to
a
Praemunire
:
and
now
the
cause
sunck
in
silence
.
But
the
main
matter
was
,
that
the
Bishops
were
denied
all
medling
even
in
the
Commission
of
preparatory
examinations
concerning
the
Earl
of
Strafford
,
Causa
sanguinis
;
and
they
as
men
of
mercy
not
to
deal
in
the
condemning
of
any
person
.
The
Bishops
against
the
perswasions
of
the
Lord
Kimbolton
,
and
the
Earl
of
Essex
,
resolved
to
keep
possession
of
their
Votes
,
till
a
prevalent
power
outed
them
thereof
.
No
day
passed
,
wherein
some
petition
was
not
presented
to
the
Parliament
against
the
Bishops
,
who
durst
not
come
to
the
Parliament
by
Land
for
fear
of
the
Apprentices
,
who
were
gathered
together
in
great
numbers
to
Westminster
.
The
Bishops
therefore
intended
to
come
to
Parliament
by
water
in
Barges
:
but
as
they
thought
to
come
to
Land
,
they
were
so
pelted
with
Stones
,
and
frighted
at
the
sight
of
such
a
company
of
them
,
that
they
were
rowed
back
,
and
went
away
to
their
places
.
The
next
day
twelve
of
the
Bishops
repaired
to
Jerusalem
Chamber
,
in
the
Dean's
lodgings
,
and
drew
up
a
Protestation
,
directed
thus
,
To
the
King
's
most
excellent
Majesty
,
and
the
Lords
and
Peers
now
assembled
in
Parliament
.
This
Instrument
they
delivered
to
Bishop
Williams
,
now
Archbishop
of
York
,
who
at
the
next
opportunity
presented
it
to
his
Majesty
;
who
wholly
remitted
the
matter
to
the
Parliament
.
The
next
morning
a
Privy
Counsellor
brought
this
Protestation
into
the
House
:
and
the
twelve
subscribers
are
impeached
of
High
Treason
,
and
Voted
to
be
committed
to
the
Tower
,
save
that
Bishop
Morton
of
Durham
,
and
Bishop
Hall
of
Norwich
,
found
some
favour
,
so
that
they
alone
were
sent
to
the
custody
of
the
Black
Rod.
Now
was
the
Bill
against
the
Bishops
sitting
in
Parliament
brought
up
into
the
House
of
the
Lords
,
and
the
matter
agitated
so
eagerly
on
both
sides
.
The
Lord
Viscount
Newark
(
afterwards
Earl
of
Kingston
)
made
two
notable
speeches
in
the
House
,
in
defence
of
Episcopacy
,
which
confirmed
those
of
the
Episcopal
party
,
making
the
Lords
very
zealous
in
Bishops
behalf
.
There
were
in
the
House
many
other
defenders
of
Episcopacy
,
as
William
Lord
Marquis
of
Hartford
;
the
Earl
of
South-hampton
;
the
Earl
of
Bristol
,
and
the
Lord
Digby
his
Son
;
and
that
learned
Lord
,
William
Earl
of
Bath
,
and
many
other
Lords
voted
for
them
.
About
this
time
died
Richard
Mountague
Bishop
of
Norwich
,
and
Doctor
Joseph
Hall
succeeded
him
in
his
See
.
Doctor
John
Prideaux
,
Regius
Professor
in
Oxford
,
was
made
Bishop
of
Worcester
.
Doctor
Thomas
Winniff
,
Dean
of
St.
Pauls
,
was
made
Bishop
of
Lincoln
.
Doctor
Ralph
Brownrigg
,
made
Bishop
of
Exeter
.
Doctor
Henry
King
,
made
Bishop
of
Chichester
.
Doctor
John
Westfield
,
made
Bishop
of
Bristol
;
he
died
not
long
after
.
These
were
as
likely
persons
to
have
kept
up
Episcopacy
,
if
God's
providence
had
so
appointed
,
as
any
could
have
been
culled
out
of
England
.
The
Bill
was
again
brought
in
against
Bishops
Votes
in
Parliament
,
and
it
was
clearly
carried
in
the
Negative
,
that
Bishops
never
more
should
Vote
as
Peers
in
Parliament
.
The
King
was
very
unwilling
to
consent
to
it
,
but
at
last
,
with
much
importunity
,
he
signed
the
Bill
,
as
he
was
,
in
St.
Augustines
in
Canterbury
,
passing
with
the
Queen
towards
Dover
,
then
undertaking
her
voyage
into
the
Low
Countries
.
Ten
of
the
eleven
Bishops
formerly
subscribing
their
Protestation
to
the
Parliament
,
were
after
some
moneths
durance
(
upon
good
bale
given
)
released
.
These
now
at
liberty
severally
disposed
themselves
.
Some
went
home
to
their
own
Diocess
,
as
the
Bishops
of
Norwich
,
Oxford
,
&c.
The
Bishop
of
Durham
continued
in
London
.
Some
withdrew
themselves
into
the
King's
quarters
,
as
Archbishop
Williams
,
&c.
Bishop
Wren
within
few
moneths
after
he
was
discharged
from
the
Tower
,
was
seized
on
by
a
party
of
Souldiers
at
his
house
at
Downham
,
and
brought
back
again
to
the
Tower
,
where
he
continued
till
the
end
of
the
year
1659.
As
for
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
as
he
first
took
possession
of
that
fatal
lodging
before
any
of
the
rest
came
to
him
,
so
he
continued
there
after
their
dismission
,
without
hope
of
finding
his
passage
out
of
it
by
any
other
door
than
the
door
of
death
:
which
as
he
did
not
look
for
before
it
came
;
so
when
it
came
he
did
not
fear
it
,
saith
Doctor
Heylin
.
On
October
23.
in
the
year
foregoing
,
the
House
of
Peers
sequestred
his
Jurisdiction
from
him
,
conferring
it
on
Sir
Nathanael
Brent
,
and
others
of
his
under-officers
,
and
ordered
,
That
He
should
bestow
none
of
the
Benefices
within
his
Gift
,
without
acquainting
them
with
the
name
and
quality
of
the
party
whom
he
intended
to
prefer
,
leaving
to
them
the
approbation
if
they
saw
cause
for
it
.
And
on
October
15.
1642.
(
for
so
long
he
remained
without
further
disturbance
)
it
was
resolved
upon
the
Question
,
That
the
Fines
,
Rents
,
and
Profits
of
Archbishops
,
and
Bishops
,
should
be
Sequestred
for
the
use
and
service
of
the
Common-wealth
.
On
the
ninth
of
November
following
,
the
Archbishops
house
at
Lambeth
was
forcibly
possessed
by
a
party
of
Souldiers
,
to
keep
it
for
the
Publick
service
;
and
seventy
eight
pounds
of
his
Rents
as
forcibly
taken
from
some
of
his
Officers
,
by
an
order
under
the
hands
of
some
of
the
Lords
.
But
upon
his
petition
shortly
after
,
Heylin
.
Hist.
of
Archbish.
Laud.
he
had
an
order
for
securing
of
his
Books
and
Goods
.
Another
order-came
to
bar
him
from
any
conference
with
any
of
the
other
prisoners
;
or
speaking
with
any
other
,
but
in
the
presence
of
the
Warder
,
who
was
appointed
to
attend
him
;
and
from
having
the
liberty
of
the
Tower
;
or
from
sending
any
of
his
servants
into
the
City
,
but
on
occasion
of
providing
victuals
,
and
other
necessaries
.
The
Souldiers
brake
open
the
doors
of
his
Chappel
in
Lambeth
house
,
and
began
to
spoil
the
Organs
there
:
but
their
Captain
put
a
stop
to
their
fury
.
On
December
21.
his
saddle-horse
was
seized
on
by
order
from
some
members
in
the
House
of
Common
;
and
on
the
23.
Dr.
Leighton
,
who
had
before
been
sentenced
in
the
Star-chamber
for
his
libellous
Pamphlets
,
came
with
an
order
from
that
House
to
dispossess
the
Souldiers
of
their
quarters
there
,
and
turn
his
House
into
a
Prison
:
his
Wood
and
Coals
seized
on
,
without
any
permission
to
make
any
use
of
them
for
himself
.
In
the
beginning
of
May
the
windows
in
his
Chappel
were
defaced
,
and
the
steps
torn
up
;
his
Books
and
Goods
seized
on
by
Leighton
,
and
some
others
.
And
on
the
sixteenth
of
the
same
moneth
he
was
served
with
an
order
of
both
Houses
,
debarring
him
from
bestowing
any
of
his
Benefices
,
which
either
were
or
should
be
vacant
for
the
time
to
come
.
And
on
the
thirty
first
,
an
order
was
directed
unto
Prynne
and
others
,
to
seize
on
all
his
Letters
and
Papers
,
to
be
perused
by
such
as
should
be
Authorized
to
that
end
and
purpose
.
The
entertaining
of
many
petitions
by
the
Houses
of
Parliament
visibly
tending
to
the
abolition
of
Episcopal
government
,
made
it
appear
most
necessary
in
the
eyes
of
those
who
wisht
well
to
it
,
to
hasten
the
publishing
of
such
petitions
,
as
had
been
presented
to
the
King
in
behalf
thereof
,
and
by
his
Majesty
had
been
ordered
to
be
published
accordingly
.
Among
which
none
did
plead
the
cause
with
greater
fervency
,
than
that
which
was
tendred
in
the
name
of
the
Gentry
and
Clergy
of
the
Diocess
of
Canterbury
.
To
which
petition
there
subscribed
no
fewer
than
twenty
four
Knights
and
Baronets
;
Esquires
and
Gentlemen
of
note
,
above
three
hundred
;
Divines
one
hundred
and
eight
;
Freeholders
and
Subsidy
men
eight
hundred
:
Many
petitions
of
like
nature
came
from
other
Counties
,
where
the
people
were
at
any
liberty
to
speak
their
own
sence
.
All
which
,
with
some
of
those
which
had
led
the
way
unto
the
rest
,
were
published
by
order
from
his
Majesty
,
bearing
date
May
20.
1642.
under
the
Title
of
A
collection
of
the
petitions
of
divers
Countries
,
&c.
Which
petitions
being
drawn
together
,
besides
many
which
were
presented
after
this
Collection
,
amounted
to
nineteen
in
all
,
that
is
to
say
,
two
from
the
County
of
Chester
,
two
from
Cornwall
,
one
from
the
University
of
Oxford
,
and
another
from
the
University
of
Cambridge
;
one
from
the
Heads
of
Colledges
and
Halls
.
This
from
the
Diocess
of
Canterbury
;
another
from
the
Diocess
of
Exeter
;
one
from
the
six
Counties
of
North-wales
;
and
one
a
piece
from
the
Counties
of
Nottingham
,
Hereford
,
Huntington
,
Somerset
,
Rutland
,
Stafford
,
Kent
,
Oxford
,
and
Lancaster
.
These
petitions
came
from
thousands
of
the
most
eminent
subjects
of
the
Realm
.
But
nothwithstanding
the
importunity
of
the
Petitioners
on
the
one
side
,
and
the
moderation
of
the
King's
answer
on
the
other
,
the
prevailing
party
in
both
Houses
had
long
since
resolved
upon
the
Question
,
which
afterwards
they
declared
by
their
publick
Votes
:
for
on
the
eleventh
of
September
the
Vote
passed
in
the
House
of
Commons
,
for
abolishing
Bishops
,
Deans
and
Chapters
;
celebrated
by
the
Citizens
with
Bells
and
Bonfires
,
the
Lords
not
coming
in
till
the
end
of
January
,
when
it
past
there
also
.
The
War
now
begins
to
open
.
The
Parliament
had
their
Guards
already
,
and
the
affront
which
Hotham
had
put
upon
the
King
at
Hull
,
prompted
the
York-shire
Gentlemen
to
become
a
guard
to
his
Person
.
Both
Houses
presently
Vote
this
to
be
a
levying
War
against
the
Parliament
,
for
whose
defence
not
onely
the
Trained
bands
of
London
must
be
in
a
readiness
,
and
the
Good
people
of
the
Countrey
required
to
put
themselves
into
a
posture
of
Armes
;
but
Regiments
of
Horse
and
Foot
are
listed
,
a
General
appointed
,
great
sums
of
money
raised
.
Hereupon
the
King
hastens
from
York
to
Nottingham
,
where
he
sets
up
his
Standard
,
inviting
all
his
good
Subjects
to
repair
unto
him
,
for
defence
of
their
King
,
the
Laws
and
Religion
of
their
Countrey
.
And
marching
with
great
Forces
he
was
encountred
at
Edge-hill
by
the
Parliaments
Forces
,
where
five
thousand
men
on
both
sides
were
slain
on
the
place
,
among
which
was
the
King's
General
.
Yet
the
King
kept
the
field
,
and
made
his
way
open
,
forced
Banbury
Castle
,
and
entred
triumphantly
into
Oxford
with
an
hundred
and
twenty
Colours
taken
in
the
Fight
.
The
King
resolves
on
his
advance
towards
London
,
and
goes
forward
as
far
as
Brainford
,
out
of
which
he
beats
two
of
their
best
Regiments
,
takes
five
hundred
prisoners
and
sinks
their
Ordnance
.
But
understanding
that
the
Earl
of
Essex
joyning
with
the
London-Auxiliaries
lay
in
way
before
him
at
Turnham-Green
near
Chiswick
,
he
retreated
toward
Oxford
,
where
he
receives
Propositions
of
Peace
from
the
Houses
of
Parliament
.
Among
which
I
find
this
for
one
.
That
his
Majesty
would
be
pleased
to
give
his
Royal
Assent
,
for
taking
away
superstitious
Innovations
;
and
to
the
Bill
for
the
utter
abolishing
and
taking
away
all
Archbishops
,
Bishops
,
their
Chancellors
,
Commissaries
,
Deans
,
Subdeans
,
Deans
and
Chapters
,
Archdeacons
,
Deacons
,
Canons
and
Prebandaries
;
and
all
Chantors
,
Chancellors
,
Treasurers
,
Sub-treasurers
,
Succentors
and
Sacrists
,
and
all
Vicars
Choral
and
Choristers
,
old
Vicars
,
or
new
Vicars
of
any
Cathedral
or
Collegiate
Church
,
and
all
other
their
under-officers
out
of
the
Church
of
England
.
To
the
Bill
against
scandalous
Ministers
:
To
the
Bill
against
pluralities
:
And
to
the
Bill
for
consultation
to
be
had
with
Godly
,
Religious
,
and
Learned
Divines
:
That
his
Majesty
would
be
pleased
to
pass
such
other
Bills
for
setling
of
Church-government
,
as
upon
consultation
with
the
Assembly
of
the
said
Divines
shall
be
resolved
on
by
both
Houses
of
Parliament
,
and
by
them
to
be
presented
to
his
Majesty
.
Which
Proposition
with
the
rest
,
being
presented
to
him
on
Candlemas-day
,
he
referred
to
the
following
Treaty
to
be
held
at
Oxford
,
but
the
Commissioners
were
so
tyed
to
their
Instructions
,
that
nothing
could
be
yielded
by
them
.
Heylin
.
Hist.
of
Archbishop
Laud.
But
the
Parliament
had
now
entred
on
the
Rents
and
profits
of
all
the
Episcopal
Sees
and
Capitular
Bodies
,
which
were
within
the
power
of
their
Armies
,
and
sequestred
the
Benefices
of
many
under
the
common
notion
of
scandalous
Ministers
:
who
if
they
had
transgressed
the
Laws
of
the
Realm
,
by
the
same
Laws
were
to
have
been
proceeded
against
;
that
so
being
legally
deprived
,
the
vacant
Churches
might
be
left
to
be
filled
by
the
Patrons
with
more
deserving
Incumbents
.
But
this
consisted
not
with
the
present
design
.
Most
of
the
silenced
Lecturers
and
Ministers
,
which
within
ten
years
past
had
left
the
Kingdom
for
Inconformity
,
were
put
into
these
sequestred
Benefices
:
with
which
his
Majesty
being
made
acquainted
,
he
presently
signified
his
dislike
of
it
by
his
Royal
Proclamation
,
bearing
date
May
15.
1643.
In
which
he
complains
,
That
divers
of
the
Pious
and
Learned
Clergy
were
forced
from
their
Cures
and
Habitations
,
or
otherwise
silenced
,
&c.
for
no
other
reason
,
but
because
(
contrary
to
the
Laws
of
the
Land
,
and
their
own
Consciences
)
they
would
not
pray
against
Him
,
and
his
Assistants
,
or
refused
to
publish
any
Illegal
orders
for
fomenting
the
War
raised
against
him
,
but
conformed
themselves
according
to
the
Book
of
Comon-Prayers
,
and
preached
God's
Word
according
to
the
purity
thereof
,
without
any
mixture
of
Sedition
.
Next
,
That
many
Factious
and
Schismatical
persons
were
intruded
into
them
,
to
sow
Sedition
,
and
seduce
his
good
Subjects
from
their
Obedience
,
contrary
to
the
Word
of
God
,
and
the
Laws
of
the
Land
,
amp
;
c.
And
thereupon
he
straitly
commandeth
all
his
good
Subjects
to
pay
their
Tythes
to
the
several
and
respective
Incumbents
,
or
their
Assignes
without
guile
or
fraud
,
notwithstanding
any
Sequestration
,
pretended
Orders
,
or
Ordinances
whatsoever
,
from
one
or
both
Houses
of
Parliament
,
&c.
Requiring
all
Church-wardens
and
Sides-men
to
be
assistant
in
gathering
and
receiving
their
Tythes
,
Rents
,
and
Profits
;
and
to
resist
all
such
persons
(
as
much
as
in
them
lay
)
which
were
intruded
into
any
of
the
Benefices
or
Cures
aforesaid
.
But
this
rather
served
to
declare
his
Majesties
piety
,
than
to
stop
the
course
of
those
proceedings
.
Then
an
infamous
Pamphlet
is
dispersed
,
Licensed
by
John
White
,
Chair-man
of
the
Committee
for
Religion
,
called
,
The
Committee
for
plundred
Ministers
,
under
the
Title
of
,
The
first
Century
of
Scandalous
and
Malignant
Priests
,
&c.
Their
Commissioners
were
no
sooner
returned
from
Oxford
,
but
they
called
an
Assembly
of
Divines
by
their
own
Authority
,
who
met
at
Westminster
in
King
Henry
the
Seventh
his
Chappel
.
These
were
of
four
several
natures
.
First
,
Men
of
Episcopal
perswasion
,
as
the
most
Reverend
James
Vsher
,
Archbishop
of
Armagh
:
Doctor
Ralph
Brownrigg
,
Bishop
of
Exeter
:
Doctor
Westfield
,
Bishop
of
Bristol
:
Doctor
Daniel
Featly
,
Doctor
Richard
Holdsworth
,
&c.
Secondly
,
Such
who
in
their
judgements
favoured
the
Presbyterian
Discipline
,
&c.
among
whom
we
take
special
notice
of
these
.
Doctor
Hoyle
Divinity
Professor
in
Ireland
.
Cambridge
.
-
Dr.
William
Gouge
in
Black-friers
.
-
Dr.
Peter
Smith
.
-
Mr.
Oliver
Bowles
.
-
Mr.
Thomas
Gataker
.
-
Mr.
Henry
Scudder
.
-
Mr.
Anthony
Tuckney
.
-
Mr.
Stephen
Marshall
.
-
Mr.
John
Arrow-Smith
.
-
Mr.
Herbert
Palmer
.
-
Mr.
Thomas
Thorowgood
.
-
Mr.
Thomas
Hill
.
-
Mr.
Nathanael
Hodges
.
-
Mr.
John
Gibbon
.
-
Mr.
Timothy
Young
.
-
Mr.
Richard
Vines
.
-
Mr.
Thomas
Coleman
.
-
Mr.
Matthew
Newcomen
.
-
Mr.
Jeremiah
Whitaker
.
-
Mr.
John
Lightfoot
.
&c.
Oxford
.
-
Dr.
William
Twisse
.
-
Dr.
Cornelius
Burgesse
.
-
Dr.
Edmond
Stanton
.
-
Mr.
John
White
of
Dorchester
.
-
Mr.
Harris
of
Hanwel
.
-
Mr.
Edward
Reynolds
.
-
Mr.
John
Maynard
.
-
Mr.
Charles
Herle
.
-
Mr.
Corbert
of
Merton
Colledge
.
-
Mr.
Conant
.
-
Mr.
Francis
Cheynel
.
-
Mr.
Obadiah
Sedgewick
.
-
Mr.
Cartar
Senior
.
-
Mr.
Cartar
Junior
.
-
Mr.
Joseph
Caryl
.
-
Mr.
Strickland
.
-
Mr.
Thomas
Baily
.
&c.
Thirdly
,
Some
who
formerly
disliking
Conformity
,
removed
themselves
beyond
the
Seas
,
now
returned
home
at
the
beginning
of
this
Parliament
.
These
afterward
proved
dissenting
Brethren
to
some
transactions
in
the
Assembly
,
as
Thomas
Goodwin
,
Philip
Nye
,
Sidrach
Symson
,
Jeremiah
,
Burronghes
,
William
Bridge
.
Fourthly
,
Some
Members
of
the
Lords
and
Commons
were
mingled
among
them
,
and
Voted
joyntly
in
their
Consultations
;
as
the
Earl
of
Pembrook
,
the
Lord
Say
:
The
most
Learned
Antiquary
Mr.
Selden
,
Mr.
Francis
Rouse
,
Mr.
Bulstrode
Whitlock
,
&c.
Commissioners
from
Scotland
were
also
joyned
with
them
,
as
the
Earl
of
Lothian
,
the
Lord
Lauderdale
,
the
Lord
Warriston
,
of
the
Nobility
;
others
of
the
Clergy
,
as
Mr.
Alexander
Henderson
,
Mr.
Gelaspy
,
&c.
Fuller
.
Church
Hist.
.
Ad
An.
1643.
Doctor
Twisse
Preached
the
first
Sermon
,
at
the
meeting
of
the
Assembly
,
though
the
Schools
,
not
the
Pulpit
,
was
his
proper
Element
(
witness
his
Controversal
writings
)
and
in
his
Sermon
he
exhorted
them
Faithfully
to
discharge
their
high
calling
to
the
glory
of
God
,
and
honour
of
his
Church
.
He
much
bemoaned
,
That
the
Royal
Assent
was
wanting
to
give
encouragement
to
them
:
yet
he
hoped
,
That
by
the
efficacy
of
their
fervent
Prayers
it
might
in
due
time
be
obtained
,
and
that
a
happy
union
might
be
procured
betwixt
him
and
the
Parliament
.
Sermon
ended
,
the
Ordinance
was
read
,
by
which
was
declared
the
Cause
,
Ground
,
and
Intent
of
their
Convention
;
namely
to
consult
with
the
Parliament
for
the
setling
of
Religion
and
Church-government
.
Of
an
hundred
twenty
elected
,
but
sixty
nine
appeared
.
And
of
the
first
of
Royalists
,
Episcopal
in
their
judgements
,
very
few
appeared
,
and
scarce
any
continued
any
time
in
the
House
,
save
Doctor
Daniel
Feately
,
alledging
privately
several
reasons
for
their
departure
.
Dr.
Twisse
,
is
now
chosen
Prolocutor
,
and
Mr.
Henry
Robrough
,
and
Mr.
Adoniram
Bifield
,
their
Scribes
and
Notaries
:
And
now
their
good
success
(
next
to
the
Parliament's
)
is
publickly
prayd
for
by
the
Preachers
in
the
City
,
and
Books
dedicated
unto
them
,
under
the
Title
of
the
most
Sacred
Assembly
;
and
four
shillings
a
day
sallary
was
allowed
them
:
and
the
Chamber
of
Jerusalem
,
the
fairest
in
the
Deans
lodgings
(
where
King
Henry
the
Fourth
died
)
was
the
place
where
these
Divines
did
daily
meet
together
.
His
Majesty
looks
on
this
as
a
strange
and
unparallell'd
encroatchment
on
his
Royal
Prerogative
,
to
which
alone
the
calling
of
such
Assemblies
did
belong
by
the
Laws
of
the
Realm
.
And
thereupon
by
his
Proclamation
of
June
22
1643.
being
just
ten
days
after
the
date
of
the
Ordinance
by
which
the
Assembly
was
indicted
.
Bibl.
Regia
.
p.
331.
He
inhibits
all
and
every
person
named
in
that
Ordinance
(
under
several
pains
)
from
assembling
together
for
the
end
and
purpose
therein
set
down
,
declaring
the
Assembly
to
be
illegal
,
and
that
the
Acts
thereof
ought
not
to
be
received
by
any
of
his
good
Subjects
,
as
binding
them
,
or
of
any
Authority
with
them
.
Which
Prohibition
notwithstanding
,
most
of
the
Members
authorized
by
that
Ordinance
assembled
,
as
was
before
declared
.
One
of
the
first
publick
Acts
which
they
performed
,
was
the
humble
presenting
of
a
petition
to
both
Houses
,
for
the
appointing
of
a
solemn
Fast
to
be
generally
observed
.
And
presently
a
Fast
is
appointed
,
and
accordingly
kept
on
the
following
Friday
,
Master
Bowles
,
and
Master
Newcomen
,
(
whose
Sermons
were
after
Printed
)
Preaching
on
the
same
.
The
King
summons
the
Lords
and
Commons
to
Oxford
,
to
attend
there
on
January
22.
then
next
following
.
Being
come
,
scarce
were
they
setled
in
their
several
Houses
,
when
they
were
entertained
with
an
hot
Alarum
,
made
by
the
coming
in
of
the
Scots
with
a
puissant
Army
.
The
Scots
had
thrived
so
well
by
the
former
service
,
as
made
them
not
unwilling
to
come
under
the
pay
of
such
bountiful
Masters
.
And
knowing
well
in
what
necessity
their
dear
Brethren
in
England
stood
of
their
assistance
,
they
were
resolved
to
husband
that
necessity
to
their
best
advantage
.
The
English
must
first
enter
into
Covenant
with
them
,
for
conforming
of
this
Church
with
that
,
&c.
In
the
first
branch
of
it
,
it
was
to
be
Covenanted
between
the
Nations
,
That
all
endeavours
should
be
used
for
the
preservation
of
the
Reformed
Religion
in
the
Church
of
Scotland
,
both
in
Doctrine
,
Discipline
,
and
Government
;
Directory
for
worship
and
Catechizing
.
And
in
the
second
,
That
in
like
manner
they
endeavour
without
any
respect
of
persons
,
the
extirpation
of
Popery
,
Prelacy
,
that
is
,
Church
Government
by
Archbishops
,
Bishops
,
their
Chancellors
and
Commissaries
,
Deans
,
Deans
and
Chapters
,
Archdeacons
,
and
all
other
Ecclesiastical
Officers
depending
on
that
Hierarchy
,
&c.
But
by
whomsoever
it
was
framed
,
his
Majesty
saw
that
it
aimed
at
the
subversion
of
the
present
Government
.
Therefore
looking
on
it
as
a
dangerous
combination
against
himself
,
the
established
Religion
;
and
the
Laws
of
this
Kingdom
,
for
the
bringing
in
of
Forreign
Forces
to
subvert
them
all
(
saith
Doctor
Heylin
)
interdicted
all
his
Subjects
from
imposing
,
or
taking
the
same
,
as
they
would
answer
the
contrary
at
their
perils
.
Which
Proclamation
bearing
date
on
October
9.
came
out
too
late
to
hinder
the
taking
and
enjoying
of
this
Covenant
,
where
the
restraint
thereof
had
been
most
necessary
:
for
it
had
been
solemnly
taken
by
all
the
Members
of
the
House
of
Commons
,
and
the
Assembly
of
Divines
at
St.
Margarets
in
Westminster
,
on
September
25.
and
within
two
days
after
it
was
Administred
with
no
less
solemnity
to
divers
Lords
,
Knights
,
Gentlemen
,
Colonels
,
Officers
,
Souldiers
,
and
others
;
residing
in
and
about
the
City
of
London
;
a
Sermon
being
Preached
by
Mr.
Coleman
,
to
justifie
the
piety
and
legality
of
it
:
and
finally
enjoyned
to
be
taken
on
the
Sanday
following
,
in
all
Churches
and
Chappels
of
London
,
within
the
lines
of
Communication
;
as
afterwards
by
all
the
Kingdom
in
convenient
time
.
No
sooner
was
this
Covenant
taken
,
but
to
let
the
Scots
see
that
they
were
in
earnest
,
a
further
impeachment
,
consisting
of
ten
Articles
,
were
prepared
against
the
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
.
In
the
Assembly
of
Divines
some
concurred
not
with
the
major
part
,
and
were
therefore
stiled
,
Dissenting
Brethren
,
These
men
crave
a
Toleration
to
be
indulged
them
(
who
since
their
return
out
of
the
Low-countries
had
fallen
upon
gathering
of
Congregations
in
or
about
the
City
of
London
)
and
they
excused
for
being
concluded
by
the
votes
of
the
Assembly
.
But
the
Presbyterians
highly
opposed
their
Toleration
;
they
tax
the
dissenting
Brethren
for
Singularity
;
and
some
moved
their
ejection
out
of
the
Assembly
,
except
in
some
convenient
time
they
would
comply
therewith
.
The
Dissenters
seasonably
presented
an
Apologetical
Narrative
to
the
Parliament
,
stiled
by
them
,
The
most
sacred
refuge
or
Asylum
for
mistaken
and
misjudged
innocence
.
Herein
they
petitioned
pathetically
for
some
favour
,
whose
conscience
could
not
joyn
with
the
Assembly
in
all
particulars
,
concluding
with
that
pityful
close
,
That
they
pursued
no
other
Interest
or
design
,
but
a
subsistence
(
be
it
the
poorest
and
meanest
)
in
their
own
land
,
as
not
knowing
where
else
with
safety
,
health
,
and
livelyhood
to
set
their
feet
on
earth
,
and
subscribed
their
names
,
-
Thomas
Goodwin
.
-
Philip
Nye
.
-
Sidrach
Symson
.
-
Jeremiah
Burroughs
.
-
William
Bridge
.
These
Petitioners
found
such
favour
with
some
potent
persons
in
Parliament
,
that
they
were
secured
from
farther
Trouble
,
and
afterwards
grew
able
,
not
onely
to
encounter
,
but
invade
all
opposers
;
yea
to
open
and
shut
the
door
of
preferment
to
others
.
Dr.
William
Twisse
their
Prolocutor
died
,
and
Mr.
Charles
Herle
,
Fellow
of
Exeter-colledge
succeeded
him
in
his
place
.
The
Assembly
met
with
many
difficulties
;
some
complained
that
Mr.
Selden
that
Great
Antiquary
,
advantaged
by
his
skill
in
Antiquity
,
and
the
Oriental
Tongues
,
studied
rather
to
perplex
than
inform
the
Members
thereof
,
as
appeared
by
the
fourteen
Queries
he
propounded
;
whose
intent
was
,
to
give
a
check
to
the
design
of
those
who
held
Presbytery
to
be
Jure
Divino
.
More
trouble
was
caused
to
the
Assembly
by
the
opinions
of
the
Erastians
.
And
divers
Parliament
men
hearing
their
own
power
enlarged
thereby
,
made
use
of
the
Erastians
for
a
check
to
such
who
pressed
Conformity
to
the
Scotch
Kirk
in
all
particulars
.
Indeed
the
Major
part
of
the
Assembly
endeavoured
the
setling
the
Scotch
Government
in
all
particulars
:
and
this
was
laboured
by
the
Scotch
Commissioners
with
all
Industry
and
probable
means
to
obtein
the
same
.
But
it
could
not
be
effected
,
nor
was
it
ever
setled
by
Act
of
Parliament
,
who
kept
the
coercive
power
in
their
own
hands
,
so
that
the
power
of
Excommunication
was
not
intrusted
with
them
,
but
ultimately
resolved
into
a
Committee
of
eminent
persons
of
Parliament
.
On
January
10.
1644.
William
Laud
,
Lord
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
was
beheaded
on
Tower-hill
,
after
he
had
been
kept
four
years
a
prisoner
in
the
Tower
.
His
charge
was
a
constructive
treason
under
several
Heads
,
reducible
into
two
particulars
.
-
I.
For
endeavouring
of
the
subversion
of
the
Laws
of
the
Land
.
-
II.
And
a
like
endeavour
to
overthrow
the
Protestant
Religion
.
His
trial
was
at
the
Lords
bar
,
and
Mr.
William
Prynne
,
was
his
Prosecutor
,
but
notwithstanding
all
that
could
be
said
,
nothing
that
did
amount
to
Treason
could
be
proved
against
him
.
But
the
Scots
who
were
at
that
time
very
prevalent
would
not
be
satisfied
,
unless
he
were
put
to
death
,
Heylin's
Hist.
of
the
life
of
K.
Charles
,
1.
pag.
113.
to
manifest
thereby
their
zeal
against
the
Episcopal
Hierarchy
,
to
usher
in
the
Presbyterian
Government
at
the
approaching
Treaty
:
so
that
by
an
Ordinance
of
Lords
and
Commons
he
was
adjudged
guilty
of
High
Treason
,
though
at
the
passing
thereof
in
the
House
of
Peers
,
there
were
but
seven
present
.
In
pursuance
of
several
messages
from
the
King
for
a
Treaty
,
it
was
assented
to
by
the
Parliament
,
and
at
Vxbridge
Commissioners
met
for
the
King
on
one
part
,
and
for
the
Parliament
of
England
,
and
the
Parliament
of
Scotland
on
the
other
.
Master
Christopher
Love
(
waiting
on
the
Parliaments
Commissioners
in
a
general
Relation
)
gave
great
offence
to
the
Royalists
in
his
Sermon
,
shewing
the
impossibility
of
an
agreement
.
With
the
Commissioners
on
both
sides
certain
Clergy-men
were
sent
,
in
their
presence
to
debate
the
point
of
Church-government
.
For
the
King
.
-
Doctor
Sheldon
.
-
Doctor
Steward
.
-
Doctor
Benjamin
Laney
.
-
Doctor
Henry
Hammond
.
-
Doctor
Henry
Ferne.
For
the
Parliament
.
-
Master
Stephen
Marshal
.
-
Master
Richard
Vines
.
These
,
when
the
Commissioners
were
at
leasure
from
Civil
affairs
,
were
called
to
a
conference
before
them
.
But
this
Treaty
proved
ineffectual
.
The
King
complained
of
what
came
to
pass
,
the
fruitless
end
of
this
Treaty
,
that
his
Commissioners
offered
full-measured
reasons
,
and
the
other
Commissioners
have
stuck
rigidly
to
their
dem●nds
,
&c.
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
Chap.
18
The
Treaty
at
Vxbridge
(
saith
he
)
gave
the
fairest
hopes
of
an
happy
composure
,
had
others
applyed
themselves
to
it
with
the
same
moderation
as
he
did
,
he
was
confident
the
war
had
been
ended
.
To
return
to
the
Assembly
,
the
Monuments
which
they
have
left
to
posterity
of
their
meeting
,
are
a
new
form
of
worship
by
the
name
of
a
Directory
,
Articles
of
Religion
drawn
up
by
them
,
and
a
double
Catechism
,
one
the
lesser
,
the
other
the
greater
.
This
Assembly
dwindled
away
by
degrees
,
though
never
legally
dissolved
.
Many
of
them
after
the
taking
of
Oxford
returning
to
their
own
Cures
,
and
others
living
in
London
absented
themselves
,
as
disliking
the
managing
of
matters
.
Anno
1645.
died
Mr.
John
Dod
,
a
passive
Non-conformist
,
as
Mr.
Fuller
calleth
him
,
a
man
much
esteemed
among
men
of
his
own
perswasion
,
one
that
loved
not
any
one
the
worse
for
difference
in
judgement
about
Ceremonies
,
but
all
the
better
for
their
unity
of
affections
in
grace
and
goodness
.
He
used
to
retrench
some
hot
spirits
when
inveighing
against
Bishops
,
telling
them
how
God
under
that
Government
had
given
a
marvellous
encrease
to
the
Gospel
,
and
that
Godly
men
might
comfortably
comport
therewith
,
under
which
Learning
and
Religion
had
so
manifest
an
Improvement
.
He
was
an
excellent
Scholar
,
and
an
exquisite
Hebrician
,
who
with
his
Society
and
directions
in
one
Vacation
taught
that
Tongue
unto
Mr.
John
Gregory
,
that
rare
Linguist
,
and
Chaplain
of
Christ-Church
,
who
survived
him
but
one
year
,
Mr.
Dod
was
buried
at
Fausly
in
Northampton-shire
.
Saunderson's
Hist.
of
King
Charles
.
Now
comes
strange
news
,
Dr.
Williams
,
Archbishop
of
York
,
is
no
less
suddenly
than
strangely
Metamorphosed
from
a
zealous
Royalist
into
an
active
Parliamentarian
:
and
desirous
to
make
his
peace
with
the
Parliament
,
he
betakes
himself
to
his
house
at
Purin
neer
Aberconway
in
Wales
,
put
a
garrison
therein
,
and
fortified
the
same
,
protesting
against
the
King's
party
,
and
disswading
the
County
from
paying
Contribution
to
the
King
.
And
wrote
to
Colonel
Mitton
(
of
the
Parliament's
party
)
to
assist
him
against
the
Lord
Byron
,
who
understanding
of
his
Revolt
,
had
sent
a
party
from
Aber-conway
to
besiege
him
.
At
length
he
lays
siege
to
the
Town
and
Castle
of
Aber-conway
,
reduceth
them
to
the
Service
of
the
Parliament
,
&
much
of
the
Town
to
his
own
possession
.
Hereby
he
saved
his
estate
from
Sequestration
.
But
by
his
last
complyance
he
lost
his
old
friends
at
Oxford
,
and
in
Lieu
of
them
finding
few
new
ones
at
London
.
He
expended
much
on
the
repair
of
Westminster
Abby-church
.
And
when
pressed
by
Archbishop
Laud
to
a
larger
contribution
to
S.
Paul's
,
he
answered
he
would
not
rob
Peter
to
pay
Paul
.
The
Library
of
Westminster
was
the
effect
of
his
bounty
,
and
so
was
a
Chappel
in
Lincoln-Colledge
in
Oxford
.
At
S.
John's
in
Cambridge
he
founded
two
fellowships
,
built
a
fair
Library
,
and
furnished
it
with
Books
.
To
a
grave
Minister
coming
to
him
for
Institution
in
a
living
,
be
thus
expressed
himself
.
I
have
(
saith
he
)
passed
through
many
places
of
honour
and
trust
,
both
in
Church
and
State
,
more
than
any
of
my
Order
in
England
these
seventy
years
before
,
But
were
I
but
assured
,
that
by
my
preaching
I
had
but
converted
one
soul
to
God
,
I
should
take
therein
more
spiritual
joy
and
comfort
,
than
in
all
the
Honours
and
Offices
which
have
been
bestowed
upon
me
.
He
died
on
March
.
25.
1649.
Now
I
will
present
the
Reader
with
a
list
of
the
Principal
Ordinances
of
the
Lords
and
Commons
which
respected
Church-matters
,
and
to
make
this
History
the
more
entire
,
must
go
a
little
backward
in
time
.
November
8.
1644.
An
Ordinance
of
the
Lords
and
Commons
in
Parliament
,
for
the
payment
of
Tythes
by
every
person
within
the
Realm
of
England
and
Wales
December
13.
1644.
An
Ordinance
for
the
Ordination
of
Ministers
pro
tempore
within
the
County
of
Lancaster
,
according
to
the
Ordinance
of
the
second
of
October
for
the
Ordination
of
Ministers
.
April
12.
1645.
An
Ordinance
for
the
Regulating
the
Vniversity
of
Cambridge
,
and
for
the
removing
of
scandalous
Ministers
in
the
seven
Associated
Counties
.
April
23.
1645.
An
Ordinance
appointing
Ministers
for
certain
Churches
and
Lectures
,
Hughe's
Abridgement
of
ordinances
of
Parlament
.
Part
2.
viz.
Philip
Goodwin
to
be
Vicar
of
the
Church
of
Watford
in
Hartfordshire
:
and
to
receive
to
himself
all
Tythes
,
Oblations
,
&c.
thereunto
belonging
,
during
his
life
.
And
Dr.
Cornelius
Burgess
to
have
yearly
allowance
of
four-hundred
pounds
paid
unto
him
by
the
Lord
Mayor
of
the
City
of
London
,
and
the
Court
of
Aldermen
,
to
be
paid
quarterly
out
of
the
Houses
,
Rents
,
Revenues
of
the
Dean
,
Dean
and
Chapter
of
the
Church
of
S.
Paul's
for
and
during
the
term
of
his
life
,
he
performing
the
Lectures
in
the
said
Church
,
as
by
the
Lords
and
Commons
he
was
Ordered
to
do
.
April
26.
1645.
An
Ordinance
,
that
no
person
be
permitted
to
Preach
,
who
is
not
Ordained
a
Minister
,
either
in
this
or
some
other
Reformed
Church
;
except
such
as
intending
the
Ministry
,
shall
be
allowed
for
the
trial
of
their
gifts
by
those
who
shall
be
appointed
thereunto
.
August
19.
1645.
Directions
of
the
Lords
and
Commons
(
after
advice
had
with
the
Assembly
of
Divines
)
for
the
electing
and
chusing
of
Ruling
Elders
,
in
all
the
Congregations
,
And
in
the
Classical
Assemblies
for
the
Cities
of
London
and
Westminster
,
and
the
several
Counties
of
the
Kingdom
;
for
the
speedy
setling
of
the
Presbyterial
government
.
August
21.
1645.
Ordained
,
that
the
Knights
and
Burgesses
of
Parliament
of
the
several
Counties
of
England
and
Wales
,
shall
send
Printed
books
of
the
Directory
of
God's
Worship
fairly
bound
up
in
Leather
to
the
Committees
of
Parliament
residing
in
the
several
Counties
,
who
shall
send
or
cause
the
same
to
be
delivered
to
the
several
Ministers
of
every
Parish
,
&c.
October
20.
1645
,
An
Ordinance
of
the
Lords
and
Commons
,
together
with
Rules
and
Directions
concerning
suspension
from
the
Sacrament
of
the
Lord's
Supper
,
in
cases
of
Ignorance
and
Scandal
.
Also
the
names
of
such
Ministers
and
others
,
that
are
appointed
Tryers
and
Judges
of
the
Ability
of
Elders
in
the
twelve
Classes
within
the
Province
of
London
.
January
7.
1645.
An
Ordinance
for
making
Covent-garden
Parochical
:
and
that
the
new
erected
Church
within
the
Precinct
of
the
said
new
intended
Parish
shall
be
a
Parish-Church
for
the
said
Precinct
,
and
that
William
Earl
of
Bedford
,
his
Heirs
and
Assigns
for
ever
shall
have
the
Patronage
of
the
said
Church
,
&c.
March
14.
1645.
An
Ordinance
for
keeping
of
scandalous
Persons
from
the
Sacrament
of
the
Lord's
Supper
,
the
enabling
of
the
Congregation
for
the
choyce
of
Elders
,
and
supplying
of
defects
in
former
Ordinances
,
and
Directions
of
Parliament
concerning
Church-government
.
June
5.
1646.
An
Ordinance
for
the
present
setling
(
without
further
delay
)
of
the
Presbyterial
government
in
the
Church
of
England
.
August
28.
1646.
An
Ordinance
for
the
Ordination
of
Ministers
by
the
Classical
Presbyters
within
their
respective
bounds
for
the
several
Congregations
in
the
Kingdom
of
England
.
January
29.
1647.
An
Ordinance
for
the
speedy
dividing
and
setling
of
the
several
Counties
of
this
Kingdom
into
distinct
Classical
Presbyteries
,
and
Congregational
Elderships
.
February
9.
1647.
An
Ordinance
for
Reparation
of
Churches
,
and
paying
of
Church-duties
.
April
3.
1648.
An
Ordinance
for
union
of
Churches
in
the
City
of
Glocester
,
and
maintenance
for
Preaching
Ministers
there
.
May
2.
1648.
An
Ordinance
for
punishing
Blasphemies
and
Heresies
.
The
King
on
April
17.
1646.
In
disguise
went
out
of
Oxford
,
attended
by
Mr.
John
Ashburnham
,
and
one
more
.
On
May
6.
His
Majesty
came
to
the
Scots
Army
which
occasioned
the
Scotch
Commissioners
to
write
to
the
Parliament
about
it
.
May
19.
the
Scots
came
with
the
King
to
New-castle
.
A
great
dispute
was
between
the
King
and
Mr.
Alexander
Henderson
about
Church-matters
,
S●●underson's
Hist.
of
King
Charles
p.
904.
where
after
several
Discourses
and
meetings
,
many
writings
passed
between
them
till
July
16.
concerning
these
matters
by
Authority
of
the
Fathers
,
and
Practice
of
the
Primitive
Church
.
His
Majesty
concludeth
,
that
to
him
it
is
incredible
,
that
any
custome
of
the
Catholick
Church
be
erroneous
,
which
was
not
Contradicted
by
Orthodox
Learned
men
in
the
times
of
their
first
practice
,
as
is
easily
perceived
that
these
defections
were
which
Henderson
mentions
.
And
finally
,
that
albeit
He
never
esteemed
any
Authority
equal
to
the
Scriptures
,
yet
he
thinks
the
unanimous
consent
of
the
Fathers
,
and
the
Universal
practice
of
the
Primitive
Church
,
to
be
the
best
and
Authentical
Interpreters
of
God's
word
,
and
consequently
the
fittest
Judges
between
him
and
Henderson
,
until
better
may
be
found
.
These
disputes
were
afterwards
published
in
Print
;
to
the
everlasting
Honour
of
His
Majesty
and
his
Cause
.
On
February
6.
1646.
the
Scots
,
according
to
agreement
,
quitted
New-castle
,
and
the
English
possessed
it
.
The
Parliament
voted
the
King's
remove
to
Holdenby-house
,
with
respect
to
the
safety
of
His
Person
.
And
the
Commissioners
appointed
for
receiving
the
King's
Person
came
to
Newcastle
on
June
22.
The
King
desireth
two
of
his
Chaplains
to
be
with
him
,
which
was
denied
him
,
at
which
he
is
much
troubled
.
His
Majesty
resolves
to
keep
every
Friday
a
day
of
Solemn
Fasting
and
Humiliation
.
After
His
Majesty
had
been
neer
five
moneths
at
Holdenby
,
near
a
Thousand
Souldiers
commanded
by
Cornet
Joyce
came
to
Holdenby
to
the
King
,
and
told
him
,
that
they
were
come
by
command
from
the
Army
to
remove
him
from
that
place
.
His
Majesty
demanded
,
whether
they
would
offer
any
violence
to
his
Person
.
They
all
cried
,
None
.
He
also
desired
,
that
his
Trunks
and
Papers
might
not
be
Riffled
and
tumbled
.
They
promised
to
set
a
guard
on
them
.
Thirdly
,
he
required
such
servants
to
attend
him
,
against
whom
there
was
no
just
exceptions
.
They
answered
,
he
should
.
Lastly
he
desired
,
that
nothing
be
imposed
on
him
contrary
to
his
Conscience
.
They
answered
,
it
was
not
their
judgement
to
force
any
thing
against
Conscience
upon
any
one
,
much
less
on
His
Majesty
.
So
at
one
of
the
Clock
His
Majesty
went
along
with
them
.
On
June
28.
1647.
His
Majesty
was
brought
to
Hatfield
,
the
Duke
of
Richmond
attending
him
,
and
others
:
and
from
thence
came
to
Casam
.
At
this
time
the
Parliament
was
jealous
of
the
King
and
the
Army
,
lest
they
should
treat
without
the
consent
of
the
Parliament
.
And
the
Army
likewise
devised
as
many
jealousies
and
fears
of
a
private
engagement
,
and
Subscribing
in
the
City
of
London
,
and
against
the
Army
.
Then
the
Parliament
Order
their
Votes
of
the
Militia
in
the
hands
of
the
City
to
be
Null
,
&c.
The
Apprentices
clamour
at
the
Houses
,
and
gather
together
in
Westminster-hall
in
such
multitudes
,
that
the
Commons
were
forced
to
unvote
and
null
their
last
Orders
.
Then
the
Army
marcheth
nearer
London
.
Both
Speakers
and
some
Members
fly
the
Army
.
On
August
7.
the
General
and
the
Army
march
in
Triumph
through
the
City
.
Sir
Thomas
Fairfax
is
made
Constable
of
the
Tower
:
and
Titchburn
:
is
made
Lieutenant
of
the
Tower
.
The
King
is
brought
first
to
Oatelands
,
and
afterward
to
Hampton
court
,
and
his
Children
Ordered
to
be
with
him
.
September
28.
1647.
The
Commons
considered
of
several
Propositions
to
send
to
His
Majesty
,
That
about
Religion
being
the
main
thing
.
They
also
Vote
,
that
His
Majesty
be
desired
to
give
His
consent
to
such
Act
or
Acts
of
Parliament
,
as
shall
be
presented
for
setling
of
Presbyterian
Government
,
according
to
the
matter
of
several
Ordinances
of
Parliament
,
for
the
Directory
,
or
Church-government
to
continue
for
the
space
of
three
years
from
the
time
that
the
King
shall
give
his
consent
to
such
Acts.
They
likewise
voted
the
Common-prayer
book
shall
not
be
used
in
Private
.
November
11.
1647.
the
King
escaped
from
Hampton-court
,
and
lest
on
the
Table
three
Papers
,
one
to
the
Parliament
,
one
to
the
Commissioners
,
a
third
to
Colonel
Whaley
.
On
October
15.
Information
was
brought
to
the
House
,
that
His
Majesty
was
safe
at
the
Isle
of
Wight
,
and
had
put
himself
into
the
Protection
of
Colonel
Hammond
,
then
Governour
of
the
Island
.
Come
we
now
to
the
Church-part
of
the
Treaty
in
the
Isle
of
Wight
.
Here
appeared
of
the
Divines
chosen
by
the
King
,
James
Vsher
,
Archbishop
of
Armagh
,
Brian
Duppa
Bishop
of
Sarum
,
Dr.
Sheldon
,
Dr.
Sanderson
,
Dr.
Fern.
On
the
other
side
Mr.
Stephen
Marshall
,
M.
Richard
Vines
,
Mr.
Lazarus
Seaman
,
and
Mr.
Joseph
Caryl
,
were
there
present
by
appointment
of
the
Pa
liament
.
All
things
were
transacted
in
scriptis
.
His
Majesty
consulted
with
his
Chaplains
when
he
pleased
.
The
King's
writings
were
publickly
read
before
all
by
Mr.
Philip
Warwick
:
and
Mr
Vines
read
the
Papers
of
his
Fellow-divines
.
As
for
the
difference
between
Primitive
Episcopacy
and
present
Hierarchy
,
urged
by
the
Parliament
Divines
,
his
Majesty
did
not
conceive
,
that
the
Additions
granted
by
the
favour
of
His
Royal
Progenitors
for
the
enlarging
the
power
and
priviledges
of
Bishops
,
did
make
the
Government
substantially
to
differ
from
what
it
was
,
no
more
than
Arms
and
Ornaments
make
a
Body
really
different
from
it self
,
when
it
was
naked
and
devested
of
the
same
.
Whereas
they
besought
His
Majesty
to
look
rather
to
the
Original
than
to
the
succession
of
Bishops
,
he
thought
it
needful
to
look
at
both
,
the
latter
being
the
best
Clue
in
such
intrinsick
cases
to
find
out
the
former
.
Lastly
,
he
professed
himself
unsatisfied
in
their
answer
,
concerning
the
perpetual
and
unalterable
substantials
of
Church-government
,
as
expecting
from
them
a
more
particular
Resolution
therein
,
than
what
he
had
received
.
Eleven
days
after
the
Parliament
Divines
put
in
their
answer
to
his
Majesties
last
paper
.
Herein
they
affirmed
,
they
saw
not
by
what
warrant
the
Writ
of
Partition
of
the
Apostles
Office
was
taken
forth
,
that
the
Governing
part
should
be
in
the
hands
of
the
Bishops
,
the
Teaching
and
Sacramentizing
in
the
Presbyters
.
They
also
said
that
some
Fathers
acknowledged
,
that
Bishops
were
different
from
Presbyters
onely
in
matter
of
Ordination
.
They
also
returned
,
that
His
Majestie
's
Definition
of
Episcopal
Government
,
is
extracted
out
of
the
Bishops
of
later
date
than
Scriptu●e-time
.
The
darkness
of
the
History
of
the
Church
in
the
times
succeeding
the
Apostles
(
said
they
)
had
an
influence
on
the
Catalogue
makers
,
Fuller's
Chur.
Hist.
who
derived
the
Series
of
succession
of
Bishops
,
taken
much
from
Tradition
and
Reports
.
And
it
is
a
great
blemish
of
their
evidence
,
that
the
nearer
they
come
to
the
Apostles
times
(
wherein
this
should
be
most
clear
to
establish
the
succession
at
the
first
)
they
are
most
doubtful
and
contradictory
one
to
the
other
.
They
granted
,
that
a
succession
of
men
to
feed
and
govern
those
Churches
,
by
Ecclesiastical
writers
in
compliance
with
the
Language
of
their
own
times
,
were
called
Bishops
,
but
not
distinct
from
Presbyters
.
So
that
if
such
a
succession
from
the
Primitive
times
,
Seriatim
were
proved
,
they
would
either
be
found
more
than
Bishops
,
as
Apostles
and
extraordinary
persons
;
or
less
,
as
meerly
first
Presbyters
,
not
having
the
three
Essentials
of
Episcopal
government
insisted
on
by
His
Majesty
.
They
humbly
moved
His
Majesty
,
that
the
Regiments
of
Humane
testimonies
on
both
sides
might
be
discharged
the
field
,
and
the
point
of
dispute
tried
alone
by
dint
of
holy
Scripture
.
They
affirmed
also
,
that
the
power
of
Episcopacy
under
Christian
and
Pagan
Princes
is
one
and
the
same
,
though
the
exercise
be
not
but
acknowledging
the
subordination
thereof
to
the
Sovereign
Power
,
with
their
accountableness
to
the
Laws
of
the
Land
.
They
conclude
with
thanks
to
His
Majestie
's
Condescension
in
vouchsafing
them
the
Liberty
and
Honour
in
examining
his
Learned
Reply
,
praying
God
,
that
a
Pen
in
the
Hand
of
such
Abilities
might
ever
be
employ'd
in
a
subject
worthy
thereof
.
Some
dayes
after
His
Majesty
returned
His
last
paper
,
wherein
he
not
onely
acknowledgeth
the
great
pains
of
these
Divines
to
inform
his
judgement
,
according
to
their
perswasions
,
but
also
took
special
notice
of
their
Civilities
of
the
Application
,
both
in
the
Beginning
and
Body
of
their
supply
.
However
he
told
them
,
they
mistook
his
meaning
about
a
Writ
of
Partition
,
as
if
His
Majesty
had
Cantoned
out
the
Episcopal
Government
,
one
part
to
the
Bishops
,
another
to
the
Presbyterians
alone
:
whereas
his
meaning
was
,
that
the
Office
of
Teaching
is
common
to
both
alike
;
but
the
other
of
Governing
peculiar
to
Bishops
alone
.
The
Lords
and
Commons
vote
their
Commissioners
return
from
the
Treaty
.
The
Commons
debate
of
his
Majesties
Propositions
,
and
agree
.
-
I.
That
he
be
in
Honour
,
Safety
,
and
Freedom
,
according
to
the
Lawes
.
-
II.
That
he
have
his
Revenue
as
before
,
excepting
the
Dedications
of
such
Forts
and
Garrisons
,
as
were
of
old
accustomed
to
be
allowed
maintenance
.
-
III.
That
he
have
compensation
for
the
Court
of
Wards
.
-
IV.
That
an
Act
of
Oblivion
be
past
.
The
King
having
granted
the
Parliament
to
dispose
of
all
great
Offices
for
ten
years
,
they
vote
it
satisfactory
.
On
November
26.
was
presented
a
Declaration
of
the
Army
to
the
House
of
Commons
,
which
was
the
day
before
subscribed
by
the
General
;
it
contained
twenty
six
sheets
of
paper
,
shewing
(
as
they
termed
it
)
the
misgoings
of
King
and
Parliament
severally
,
also
in
all
Treaties
betwixt
them
,
especially
,
that
they
are
now
in
.
They
desire
,
that
the
Parliament
would
reject
those
demands
of
the
King
,
especially
concerning
his
Restitution
,
and
coming
to
London
,
with
Freedom
,
Honour
and
Safety
,
and
that
they
proceed
against
the
King
in
way
of
Justice
,
&c.
The
Army
on
December
2.
enter
the
lines
of
Communication
,
and
at
Whitehall
quartereth
the
General
,
and
the
rest
of
the
Army
at
the
Mews
,
St.
James's
,
York-house
,
and
divers
other
places
about
the
City
.
The
King
is
taken
from
Newport
,
convay'd
to
Hurst-castle
:
on
December
6.
the
Trained
bands
are
discharged
the
Guard
to
the
Parliament
,
and
and
Pride's
and
Riche's
Regiments
take
it
upon
them
.
Many
of
the
Members
coming
to
the
House
are
seized
and
kept
in
custody
by
the
General
's
command
in
the
Queen's
Court
,
and
Court
of
Wards
.
These
were
removed
to
the
King's-Head
Inn
near
Charing-Cross
,
and
to
the
Swan
Inn
in
the
Strand
under
Guards
of
Souldiers
.
The
Army
put
forth
a
new
Representative
,
called
,
The
Agreement
of
the
People
.
The
King
is
brought
up
to
London
,
arraigned
before
a
select
Committee
for
that
purpose
,
called
An
High
Court
of
Justice
,
indicted
;
and
upon
his
refusal●
to
own
their
Authority
;
finally
condemned
.
Having
,
received
the
sentence
of
death
,
Dr.
Juxon
,
Bishop
of
London
,
Preached
privately
before
him
at
St.
James's
on
the
Sunday
following
:
his
Text
Romans
2.16
.
Next
Tuesday
being
the
day
of
his
dissolution
,
in
the
morning
alone
he
received
the
Communion
from
the
hands
of
the
said
Bishop
.
At
which
time
he
read
for
the
second
Lesson
the
27th
chapter
of
St.
Matthew
,
containing
the
History
of
the
death
and
passion
of
our
Saviour
.
Sermon
ended
,
the
King
heartily
thanked
the
Bishop
for
selecting
so
seasonable
and
comfortable
a
portion
of
Scripture
,
seeing
all
Humane
hope
and
happiness
is
founded
on
the
sufferings
of
our
Saviour
:
The
Bishop
answered
,
He
had
done
it
meerly
following
the
direction
of
the
Church
of
England
,
whose
Rubrick
appointeth
that
Chapter
the
second
Morning-lesson
for
the
thirtieth
of
January
.
At
ten
of
the
Clock
,
in
the
forenoon
,
he
is
brought
on
Foot
from
St.
James's
Palace
over
the
Park
to
Whitehall
,
guarded
with
a
Regiment
of
Foot-souldiers
,
part
before
,
and
the
rest
behind
him
,
with
Colours
flying
,
and
Drums
beating
,
his
private
Guard
of
Partizans
about
him
,
and
Doctor
Juxon
Bishop
of
London
,
next
to
him
on
one
side
,
and
Colonel
Tomlinson
on
the
other
.
He
bid
them
go
faster
,
saying
,
That
he
now
went
before
them
,
to
strive
for
an
Heavenly
Crowns
,
with
less
sollicitude
,
than
he
had
oftentimes
bid
his
Souldiers
to
fight
for
an
earthly
Diadem
.
Then
passeth
he
to
the
Scaffold
,
where
he
defendeth
his
Innocency
:
howbeit
he
acknowledgeth
God's
justice
,
pardons
his
enemies
,
takes
pity
on
the
Kingdom
.
He
shews
the
Souldiers
how
much
they
are
out
of
the
way
,
and
tells
them
,
They
would
never
go
right
,
till
they
give
God
his
due
,
the
King
his
due
,
and
the
people
their
due
.
You
must
(
said
he
)
give
God
his
due
,
by
restoring
his
worship
and
Church
rightly
regulated
(
which
is
now
out
of
order
)
according
to
his
Word
.
And
a
National
Synod
freely
called
,
freely
debating
among
themselves
,
must
settle
this
,
when
every
Opinion
is
freely
and
clearly
heard
.
For
the
King
,
said
he
,
(
that
is
my
Successor
)
Indeed
I
will
not
,
the
Laws
of
the
Land
will
clearly
instruct
you
for
that
:
For
the
People
,
I
must
tel
you
,
That
their
liberty
and
freedom
consists
in
having
Government
under
those
Laws
by
which
their
Lives
and
Goods
may
be
most
their
own
.
It
is
not
in
having
a
share
in
the
Government
,
that
pertains
not
to
them
.
A
Sovereign
and
a
Subject
are
two
different
things
.
He
prayed
God
,
they
might
take
those
courses
that
are
best
for
the
good
of
the
Kingdom
,
and
their
own
Salvation
.
Then
having
declared
,
That
he
died
a
Christian
according
to
the
profession
of
the
Church
of
England
,
as
the
same
was
left
him
by
his
Father
;
He
said
,
I
have
a
good
Cause
,
and
a
gracious
God
;
and
gave
his
George
to
the
Bishop
,
bidding
him
,
Remember
to
give
it
to
the
Prince
.
Then
,
said
He
,
I
go
from
a
Corruptible
to
an
Incorruptible
Crown
,
where
no
disturbance
can
be
,
but
peace
and
joy
for
evermore
.
Then
lifting
up
his
eyes
and
hands
to
Heaven
,
having
prayed
secretly
,
stooping
down
to
the
block
,
he
received
the
fatal
stroak
.
On
the
Wednesday
sennight
after
,
his
Corps
embalmed
,
and
Coffined
in
Lead
,
was
delivered
to
the
care
of
some
of
his
Servants
to
be
buried
at
Windsor
.
That
night
they
brought
the
Corps
to
Windsor
.
The
Vault
being
prepared
,
a
scarff
of
Lead
was
provided
,
some
two
foot
long
,
and
five
inches
broad
,
therein
to
make
an
Inscription
,
which
was
KING
CHARLES
1648.
The
Plummer
souldred
it
to
the
Coffin
,
about
the
Breast
of
the
Corpse
.
Then
was
the
Corpse
brought
to
the
Vault
,
being
born
by
the
Souldiers
of
the
Garrison
:
Over
it
a
black
Velvet
Herse-cloth
,
the
four
Labels
whereof
the
Duke
of
Richmond
,
the
Marquess
of
Hertford
,
the
Earls
of
South-hampton
,
and
Lindsey
,
did
support
.
The
Bishop
of
London
stood
weeping
by
.
Then
was
it
deposited
in
silence
and
sorrow
in
the
vacant
place
in
the
Vault
,
near
to
the
Coffin
(
as
it
was
thought
)
which
contained
the
Corps
of
King
Henry
the
Eighth
(
the
Herse-cloth
being
cast
in
after
it
)
about
three
of
the
Clock
in
the
afternoon
:
and
the
Lords
that
night
(
though
late
)
returned
to
London
.
Prince
Charles
eldest
Son
to
King
Charles
the
first
,
by
unquestionable
right
succeeded
to
the
Crowns
of
England
,
Scotland
,
and
Ireland
,
in
the
eighteenth
year
of
his
age
.
Proclamation
and
Coronation
could
not
now
have
their
due
course
.
The
Ruling
part
of
the
House
of
Commons
,
who
usurped
the
Government
with
violence
on
the
person
of
the
late
King
,
immediately
published
an
Act
even
against
Kingly
Government
.
Yet
this
Inhibition
did
not
deter
many
Loyal
Subjects
from
doing
their
duty
:
and
on
February
2.
a
Proclamation
in
the
name
of
the
Noblemen
,
Judges
,
Knights
,
Lawyers
,
Gentlemen
,
Free-holders
,
Merchants
,
Citizens
,
Yeomen
,
Seamen
,
and
other
Freemen
of
England
,
did
Proclaim
Prince
Charles
King
of
England
.
The
Proclamation
was
Printed
,
and
scattered
about
the
Streets
of
London
.
The
House
of
Peers
continued
yet
sitting
,
and
in
regard
the
Commissions
of
the
Judges
were
determined
by
the
death
of
the
King
,
they
send
to
the
Commons
for
a
Conference
about
it
,
and
other
matters
relating
to
the
setling
of
the
Government
.
But
Monarchy
and
the
House
of
Lords
are
declared
useless
by
the
Commons
.
The
Peers
in
general
resent
these
indignities
put
upon
them
by
a
small
part
of
the
House
of
Commons
;
they
assert
their
own
Priviledges
,
and
the
Fundamental
Laws
of
the
Nation
;
and
disclaim
and
protest
against
all
Acts
,
Votes
,
Orders
,
or
Ordinances
of
the
said
Members
of
the
Commons
House
,
for
erecting
of
new
Courts
of
Justice
,
to
try
or
execute
the
King
,
or
any
Peer
or
Subject
of
the
Realm
;
for
altering
the
Government
,
Laws
,
Great
Seal
,
&c.
Hereupon
the
Army
set
a
Guard
upon
the
door
of
the
House
of
Lords
,
and
in
further
prosecution
of
the
late
Votes
of
Commons
against
Monarchy
.
An
Act
was
passed
by
that
House
for
the
Exhaeredation
of
the
Royal
Line
,
the
Abolishment
of
Monarchy
in
this
Kingdom
,
and
the
setting
up
of
a
Common-wealth
,
which
they
ordered
to
be
published
and
Proclaimed
in
all
parts
of
the
Kingdom
.
But
Alderman
Reinoldson
,
then
Lord
Mayor
of
London
,
refused
to
publish
this
Act
in
London
,
and
He
with
three
of
the
Aldermen
of
his
Judgment
were
sent
prisoners
to
the
Tower
.
But
on
February
3.
the
King
was
Proclaimed
at
the
Cross
at
Edinburgh
In
the
beginning
of
March
,
the
Duke
of
Hamilton
,
the
Earls
of
Holland
and
Norwich
,
the
Lord
Capel
,
and
Sir
John
Owen
,
were
tried
and
condemned
by
an
High
Court
of
Justice
erected
for
that
purpose
:
of
which
the
Duke
of
Hamilton
,
the
Earl
of
Holland
,
and
the
Lord
Capel
,
were
executed
March
9.
but
the
Earl
of
Norwich
,
and
Sir
John
Owen
were
pardoned
.
The
Commons
set
forth
a
Declaration
to
justifie
their
proceedings
.
They
promise
the
establishment
of
a
firm
and
safe
Peace
,
the
advancement
of
the
true
Protestant
Religion
,
the
liberal
maintenance
of
a
godly
Ministry
,
&c.
They
pass
an
Act
for
propagating
the
Gospel
in
Ireland
,
March
8.
April
10.
1649.
An
Act
was
passed
by
the
Commons
for
the
sale
of
Deans
and
Chapters
Lands
,
and
for
the
abolishing
of
Deans
,
Deans
and
Chapters
,
Canons
,
Prebends
,
&c.
and
Tithes
of
or
belonging
to
any
Cathedral
or
Collegiate
Church
in
England
and
Wales
:
but
it
was
provided
,
That
this
should
not
extend
to
the
Colledge
of
St.
Mary
in
Winchester
,
nor
to
the
Colledge
of
Eaton
;
nor
to
any
of
the
Mannors
,
Lands
,
Tenements
,
and
Hereditaments
to
them
belonging
.
June
2.
1649
An
Act
was
passed
for
the
better
maintenance
of
Preaching
Ministers
,
and
School-masters
(
out
of
the
Lands
of
Deans
and
Chapters
)
throughout
England
and
Wales
,
in
such
places
where
maintenance
is
wanting
,
and
for
other
good
uses
to
the
advancement
of
true
Religion
,
Piety
,
and
Learning
.
And
the
Commissioners
of
the
Great-Seal
of
England
issued
forth
Commissions
under
the
Great
Seal
,
into
all
the
Counties
of
England
and
Wales
,
to
such
persons
as
by
the
Parliament
were
nominated
,
giving
them
power
by
the
Oathes
of
good
and
lawful
men
,
&c.
to
find
out
the
true
value
of
all
Parsonages
and
Vicarages
presentative
,
and
all
other
Ecclesiastical
Livings
,
with
care
of
Souls
within
such
Cities
and
Counties
,
and
to
certifie
into
the
Chancery
what
each
of
them
were
really
worth
per
Annum
;
the
names
of
the
Incumbents
,
Proprietors
,
and
Possessors
thereof
,
and
of
such
as
receive
the
profits
;
who
supplies
the
Cure
,
what
he
hath
for
his
Sallary
;
how
many
Chappels
are
belonging
to
one
Parish
,
and
how
situate
,
and
fit
to
be
united
:
and
how
the
Churches
and
Chappels
are
supplied
by
Preaching
Ministers
,
that
so
a
course
be
taken
for
the
providing
both
for
Preaching
and
maintenance
,
where
the
same
should
be
found
to
be
needful
.
About
this
time
some
Dissenters
in
the
Army
called
Levellers
,
drew
together
five
thousand
Horse
and
Foot
at
Burford
.
Colonel
Reinolds
fell
in
upon
them
with
a
greater
Body
than
they
had
,
and
routed
them
,
taking
nine
hundred
Horse
,
and
four
hundred
Foot
prisoners
:
whereof
one
Thomson
and
two
more
principal
Leaders
,
were
immediately
shot
to
death
,
who
died
resolutely
.
Cornet
Den
,
an
Army-preacher
,
Flageilum
,
or
the
life
and
death
of
O.
C.
p.
83.
expressing
his
grief
and
sorrow
,
was
reprieved
at
the
Instant
of
execution
,
which
their
Fellows
beheld
from
the
leads
of
the
Church
.
The
Rest
by
Cromwells
mediation
were
all
pardoned
,
and
sent
home
to
their
own
houses
.
This
proved
the
utter
suppression
of
that
faction
,
and
rendred
the
Army
entirely
at
his
Command
:
so
that
they
presently
submitted
to
the
lot
which
Regiments
should
be
sent
to
Ireland
,
then
almost
reduced
to
the
King's
obedience
by
the
Marquess
of
Ormond
.
Cromwell
was
ordained
Commander
in
chief
of
the
Forces
appointed
for
Ireland
,
and
tituladoed
with
the
style
of
Lord
Governour
of
Ireland
,
while
the
Lord
Fairfax
was
left
here
to
attend
the
Parliament
.
He
with
a
potent
Army
landed
at
Dublin
.
The
Marquess
of
Ormond
had
besieged
Dublin
,
but
the
siege
was
raised
by
Colonel
Michael
Jones
,
Governour
of
Dublin
,
with
the
utter
defeat
of
the
Marquesses
Army
.
And
the
siege
of
London-derry
was
raised
by
Sir
Charles
Coot
sallying
out
of
the
Town
.
Cromwel
takes
Drogheda
by
Storm
,
and
puts
all
in
it
to
the
Sword
.
After
this
,
in
less
than
a
year
most
of
the
Cities
and
Towns
in
Ireland
were
taken
,
and
that
whole
Kingdom
in
a
manner
subdued
to
the
power
of
the
Common-Wealth
of
England
;
and
the
Marquess
of
Ormond
,
and
all
that
oppose
their
Authority
,
withdrew
themselves
.
But
a
little
before
,
Colonel
Rich
received
a
Brush
from
my
Lord
Broghil
in
the
County
of
Cork
,
where
the
Bishop
of
Rosse
being
taken
was
hanged
.
July
19.
1649.
An
Act
was
passed
by
the
Parliament
of
the
Common-wealth
of
England
,
for
the
promoting
and
propagating
the
Gospel
of
Christ
in
New
England
.
And
a
general
Collection
was
made
in
and
through
all
the
Counties
,
Cities
,
Towns
,
and
Parishes
of
England
and
Wales
,
as
the
foundation
for
so
pious
an
undertaking
,
&c.
King
Charles
the
Second
being
now
at
Jersey
,
part
of
the
English
Fleet
was
sent
to
attacque
that
Island
,
which
put
the
King
upon
a
speedy
remove
from
thence
into
France
,
where
he
resided
till
the
time
appointed
for
the
Treaty
at
Breda
,
which
drew
near
,
and
then
he
repaired
thither
.
The
Committee
of
the
Estates
of
Scotland
having
concluded
with
the
King
at
Breda
,
all
correspondence
with
the
English
was
by
Proclamation
forbidden
,
and
all
manner
of
provision
stopped
from
being
carryed
into
England
,
though
the
Juncto
at
Westminster
had
used
all
Artifices
to
keep
the
Scots
from
closing
with
the
King
.
1650.
During
the
Treaty
at
Breda
,
the
Marquess
of
Montrosse
landed
in
the
Isles
of
Orkney
with
fifteen
hundred
Armes
,
and
five
hundred
German
Souldiers
:
and
after
he
had
gathered
more
strength
,
he
was
defeated
by
Colonal
Straughan
,
taken
,
and
brought
to
Edinburgh
,
where
he
is
brought
to
his
Trial
,
condemned
and
executed
.
The
rigorous
prosecution
of
the
Marquess
of
Montrosse
in
that
violent
manner
,
was
chiefly
from
the
instigation
of
the
Kirk
,
by
which
long
before
he
had
been
Excommunicated
.
Concerning
which
he
spake
to
the
people
in
this
manner
upon
the
Scaffold
.
What
I
did
in
this
Kingdom
,
was
in
obedience
to
the
most
just
Commands
of
my
Sovereign
,
for
his
defence
in
the
day
of
his
distress
,
against
those
that
rose
up
against
him
.
I
fear
God
,
and
honour
the
King
,
according
to
the
Commandments
of
God
,
and
the
Law
of
Nature
and
Nations
,
&c.
It
is
objected
against
me
by
many
,
even
good
people
,
that
I
am
under
the
censure
of
the
Church
:
this
is
not
my
fault
,
since
it
is
onely
for
doing
my
duty
,
by
obeying
my
Prince's
most
just
Commands
,
for
Religion
,
his
Person
,
and
Authority
:
yet
am
I
sorry
they
did
Excommunicate
me
;
and
in
that
which
is
according
to
God's
Laws
,
without
wronging
my
Conscience
or
Allegiance
,
I
desire
to
be
relaxed
.
If
they
will
not
,
I
appeal
to
God
,
who
is
the
Righteous
Judge
of
the
World
:
and
who
must
and
will
,
I
hope
,
be
my
Judge
and
Saviour
-
The
King
was
much
troubled
at
the
Scots
severity
against
this
Noble
Marquess
.
After
this
the
King
lands
in
Scotland
,
and
is
Proclaimed
King
at
Edinburgh
Cross
.
But
his
Majesty
had
not
been
long
among
the
Scots
,
but
they
began
(
according
to
their
usual
manner
of
Kirk
Authority
and
Discipline
)
to
obtrude
upon
the
King
such
curbing
conditions
,
as
but
ill-suited
with
Regal
dignity
.
Then
the
Common-wealth
of
England
sent
an
Army
against
Scotland
,
and
Cromwel
is
made
General
of
the
Parliament's
Forces
instead
of
Lord
Fairfax
:
and
about
the
end
of
June
he
marched
towards
Berwick
in
order
to
his
advance
into
Scotland
.
The
Scots
raise
an
Army
,
and
in
the
mean-time
send
many
Expostulatory
Letters
to
Sir
Arthur
Haslerigg
then
at
Newcastle
,
urging
the
breach
of
Covenant
,
and
the
union
between
the
two
Nations
,
which
availed
nothing
.
The
Scots
having
been
routed
at
Muscleburgh
,
they
came
to
a
Battel
at
Dunbar
,
where
the
whole
Army
was
defeated
by
Cromwel
:
of
the
Scots
there
were
slain
in
the
Battel
four
thousand
,
and
nine
thousand
were
taken
prisoners
,
with
all
their
Ammunition
,
bag
and
baggage
,
and
ten
thousand
Armes
.
The
Scots
after
this
loss
quitted
Leith
and
Edinburgh
,
whereof
the
next
day
Cromwel
took
possession
,
and
the
King
retired
to
St.
Johnstons
,
where
the
Committee
of
Estates
were
assembled
.
The
Scots
ascribed
this
overthrow
of
the
Army
to
their
admitting
the
King
into
Scotland
,
before
he
had
given
full
satisfaction
to
the
Kirk
in
what
they
required
of
him
;
and
began
very
much
to
impose
upon
him
,
and
remove
from
his
Person
the
most
Faithful
and
Loyal
of
his
Servants
.
The
King
departs
secretly
from
St.
Johnstons
in
discontent
to
the
Lord
Dedup's
house
near
Dundee
.
The
Estates
at
St.
Johnstons
send
Major
General
Montgomery
to
fetch
the
King
back
:
the
King
returns
with
him
to
St.
Johnstons
,
where
a
grand
Convention
is
held
,
and
divers
of
the
Royal
Nobility
are
received
into
the
favour
of
this
Assembly
.
Cromwel
fortifieth
Lieth
,
and
lays
close
siege
to
Edinburgh
Castle
.
Mr.
John
Guthry
,
Mr.
Patrick
Gelespy
,
Mr.
Samuel
Rutherford
,
with
many
other
Ministers
,
withdrew
from
the
Assembly
at
St.
Johnstons
,
and
in
print
remonstrated
,
in
the
name
of
themselves
and
the
Western
Churches
,
against
the
present
proceedings
;
and
with
these
Colonel
Ker
,
Straughan
the
Laird
of
Warreston
,
Sir
John
Chiesly
,
and
Sir
James
Stuart
,
and
others
,
Confederated
.
By
this
division
Cromwel's
Conquest
was
made
very
easie
:
and
his
fomenting
that
Rent
in
their
Church
,
made
their
subjection
to
his
Authority
more
lasting
than
otherwise
it
would
have
been
.
The
King
was
desirous
to
compose
this
disorder
,
or
(
at
least
)
to
prevent
the
dividing
so
great
a
Force
,
as
was
under
Ker
and
Straughan
from
his
Service
:
and
to
that
end
the
Earl
of
Cassels
,
the
Lord
Broody
,
and
Mr.
Robert
Douglas
the
Minister
,
were
sent
to
treat
with
them
;
but
they
were
somewhat
averse
to
a
composure
;
yet
they
declared
against
any
conjunction
with
Cromwel
,
professing
equally
against
Malignants
(
as
they
called
the
King
's
Loyal
Subjects
)
and
Sectaries
.
Soon
after
Colonel
Ker
,
being
defeated
,
was
taken
prisoner
by
Major
General
Lambert
.
Mr.
Rutherford
wrote
divers
consolatory
Letters
to
him
during
his
imprisonment
both
in
Scotland
and
in
England
.
Edinburgh
Castle
was
surrendered
,
by
Dundasse
the
Governor
,
Son
in
Law
to
old
Leven
,
upon
conditions
,
unto
Cromwel
,
on
December
24.
1650.
Shortly
after
all
the
Forts
on
this
side
of
Sterling
were
taken
by
the
English
.
The
King
was
solemnly
Crowned
at
Scoone
,
near
unto
St.
Johnstons
(
the
accustomed
place
of
the
Coronation
of
the
Kings
of
Scotland
)
his
Coronation
being
celebrated
with
loud
Acclamations
,
Bonfires
,
shooting
off
of
Guns
,
and
with
as
much
pomp
and
Ceremony
as
the
present
State
of
things
would
permit
.
About
the
beginning
of
June
the
Parliament
of
Scotland
ended
,
Addition
to
Sir
Ric.
Baker●
Chron.
having
before
their
dissolution
given
large
Commissions
and
Instructions
for
the
pressing
of
men
in
all
parts
of
the
Kingdom
beyond
Fife
,
and
in
the
Western
parts
for
a
new
Army
,
which
was
to
consist
of
15000
Foot
,
and
3000
Horse
and
Dragoons
.
Then
was
the
intended
rising
in
Lancashire
unfortunately
disapointed
,
Anno
1651
by
the
taking
of
a
Ship
at
Ayx
in
Scotland
,
which
had
been
bound
to
the
Earl
of
Darby
in
the
Isle
of
Man
,
and
the
seizing
of
Mr.
Berkinhead
an
Agent
in
the
business
,
by
whose
Letters
all
was
detected
;
and
thereupon
were
apprehended
Mr.
Thomas
Cook
of
Grays-Inn
,
Mr.
Gibbons
a
Tailor
,
and
Mr.
Potter
an
Apothecary
,
together
with
Mr.
Christopher
Love
,
Mr.
William
Jenkin
,
Mr.
Thomas
Case
,
Dr.
Roger
Drake
,
and
some
other
Presbyterial
Ministers
,
who
were
brought
before
a
High
Court
of
Justice
,
and
tried
for
their
lives
,
and
about
the
latter
end
of
July
,
Potter
,
Gibbons
,
and
Mr.
Love
,
were
sentenced
to
death
;
and
a
while
after
,
Gibbons
and
Love
were
executed
.
After
the
defeat
of
Sir
John
Brown
by
Lambert
,
and
the
taking
of
Brunt-Island
and
Inchgarvy-Castle
by
the
English
;
Cromwel
resolved
to
set
upon
St.
Johnstons
,
which
after
one
days
siege
he
gained
.
Hereupon
the
King
leaves
Scotland
,
and
enters
England
with
his
Army
by
the
way
of
Carlile
,
on
August
6.
1651.
At
his
first
entrance
upon
English
ground
he
was
Proclaimed
King
of
G●eat
Britain
,
at
the
Head
of
the
Army
,
with
great
Acclamations
,
and
shooting
off
the
Canons
,
on
August
22.
he
came
to
Worcester
.
The
Earl
of
Darby
coming
with
Forces
to
the
King
,
was
routed
by
Colonel
Lilburn
.
Cromwel
having
with
the
conjunction
of
the
Militia
of
divers
Counties
,
drawn
together
an
Army
of
fifty
thousand
men
,
surroundeth
the
City
of
Worcester
.
Duke
Hamilton
(
who
behaved
himself
with
undaunted
courage
)
received
a
shot
on
his
thigh
,
whereof
presently
after
he
died
.
The
King's
Army
being
over-powred
,
they
were
forced
to
retreat
into
the
City
,
and
many
of
Cromwel's
Army
got
in
with
them
.
About
seven
at
night
the
Cromwellians
gained
the
Fort
Royal
,
at
which
time
his
Majesty
left
the
City
,
passing
out
at
St.
Martin's
gate
,
accompanied
with
about
Sixty
Horse
of
the
chiefest
of
his
Retinue
.
The
Town
was
taken
,
and
miserably
plundered
.
There
were
slain
in
the
Field
,
in
the
Town
,
and
in
Pursuit
some
two
thousand
;
and
about
eight
thousand
were
taken
prisoners
in
several
places
;
most
of
the
English
common
men
escaping
by
their
Shibboleth
.
But
at
Newport
there
were
taken
in
the
pursuit
,
the
Earls
of
Lauderdale
,
Rothes
,
Carnworth
,
Darby
,
Cleveland
,
Shrewsbury
;
the
Lord
Spyne
,
Sir
John
Pakington
,
Sir
Ralph
Clare
,
Sir
Charles
Cunningham
,
Colonel
Graves
,
Mr.
Richard
Fanshaw
,
Secretary
to
the
King
,
and
many
others
:
Six
Colonels
of
Horse
,
eight
Lieutennant
Colonels
of
Foot
,
six
Majors
of
Horse
,
thirteen
Majors
of
Foot
,
thirty
seven
Captains
of
Horse
,
seventy
two
Captains
of
Foot
,
fifty
five
Quarter-masters
,
eighty
nine
Lieutenants
.
There
were
taken
also
some
general
Officers
with
seventy
six
Cornets
of
Horse
,
ninety
nine
Ensignes
of
Foot
,
ninety
Quarter-masters
,
eighty
of
the
King's
Servants
,
with
the
King's
Standard
,
which
he
had
set
up
when
he
summoned
the
Countrey
,
the
King's
Coach
and
Horses
,
and
Collar
of
S
S.
but
the
King's
person
God
wonderfully
preserved
,
delivering
him
from
the
Hand
of
all
his
Enemies
,
and
after
many
difficulties
he
is
safely
transported
,
from
Bright-helmston
in
Sussex
,
into
France
,
by
Tattersall
.
Cromwel
comes
with
his
prisoners
to
London
,
and
having
left
Lieutennant
General
Monk
in
Scotland
,
Sterling
with
the
Castle
was
surrendred
unto
him
,
and
Dundee
was
taken
by
Storm
;
and
soon
after
St.
Andrews
,
Aberdeen
,
with
other
Towns
,
Castles
,
and
Strong
places
,
either
voluntarily
submitted
,
or
rendred
upon
summons
.
The
Earl
of
Darby
was
beheaded
at
Bolton
in
Lancashire
.
The
Isles
of
Man
and
Jersey
,
&c.
are
surrendred
to
the
Parliament
.
The
Isle
of
Barbadoes
is
yielded
up
to
Sir
George
Ascough
.
Now
the
Parliament
of
England
resolves
upon
an
union
of
England
and
Scotland
,
and
an
incorporating
of
both
Nations
into
one
Common-wealth
.
This
was
much
opposed
and
remonstrated
against
by
the
Scotch
Kirk
,
but
in
vain
.
Anno
1652.
began
the
War
with
Holland
:
An
Act
was
passed
,
entitled
,
An
Act
against
unlicensed
and
scandalous
Books
and
Pamphlets
,
and
for
the
better
regulating
of
Printing
.
Anno
1653.
The
Officers
of
the
Army
consult
about
change
of
Government
:
on
April
20.
Cromwel
,
Lambert
,
Harison
,
and
eight
Officers
more
of
the
Army
,
entred
the
House
of
Commons
,
and
after
a
short
speech
made
by
Cromwel
,
shewing
some
reasons
for
the
necessity
of
their
dissolution
,
he
declared
them
dissolved
,
and
required
them
to
depart
:
but
the
Speaker
would
not
leave
the
Chair
till
Harison
pulled
him
out
by
the
Arm.
Then
Cromwel
commanded
the
Mace
to
be
taken
away
,
and
no
more
to
be
carried
before
him
.
Then
they
caused
the
doors
of
the
Parliament
House
to
be
locked
up
,
and
placed
a
Guard
thereon
to
prevent
the
reassembling
of
the
Members
.
The
first
thing
done
after
this
change
,
was
to
constitute
a
Council
of
State
of
the
chief
Officers
of
the
Army
.
These
agreed
upon
the
several
persons
all
over
England
to
form
a
new
Representative
,
and
a
summons
was
sent
to
every
one
of
them
in
the
name
of
Oliver
Cromwel
,
Captain
General
of
all
the
Forces
,
&c.
to
take
upon
them
the
trust
to
which
they
were
summoned
,
and
to
meet
at
Whitehall
,
on
July
5.
These
assembled
at
the
time
appointed
,
and
went
to
the
Parliament
House
,
and
chose
Mr.
Rouse
(
made
by
the
late
Parliament
Provost
of
Eaton
)
to
be
their
speaker
.
This
mock-Parliament
,
called
by
some
the
little
Parliament
,
aimed
at
the
new
modelling
both
of
Magistracy
and
Ministry
:
but
the
Ministry
and
the
maintenance
thereof
by
Tithes
,
they
arraigned
as
an
Antichristian
Constitution
.
Having
passed
an
Act
ab●ut
Marriages
,
Births
,
and
Burials
,
on
December
12.
Rouse
the
Speaker
told
the
House
,
That
their
sitting
was
no
longer
necessary
;
and
presently
went
out
of
the
House
with
the
Mace
before
him
,
and
(
many
others
following
him
)
he
came
to
White-hall
,
and
there
resigned
to
Cromwell
the
Instrument
by
him
formerly
delivered
to
them
at
their
first
sitting
.
About
four
dayes
after
the
Officers
of
the
Army
had
prepared
an
Instrument
,
or
Systeme
of
Government
,
on
which
the
foundation
of
a
new
Dominion
was
to
be
erected
,
and
they
entreated
Oliver
Cromwell
to
accept
of
the
Government
under
the
Title
of
Protector
of
the
Common-wealth
of
England
,
Scotland
,
and
Ireland
.
He
accepted
it
,
and
was
that
day
,
at
one
of
the
clock
in
the
afternoon
,
Installed
at
Westminster
.
The
Protector
's
Council
being
chosen
and
established
,
he
makes
a
peace
with
the
Dutch
,
and
with
the
Queen
of
Sweden
;
Spain
,
Portugal
,
and
France
,
seek
Cromwel's
friendship
.
As
to
the
state
of
Religion
at
this
time
in
England
,
one
thus
describes
it
.
Flagellum
,
or
the
life
and
death
of
O.
C.
p.
144.
The
Orthodox
Protestants
were
wholly
suppressed
,
and
yet
some
Reverend
persons
,
as
Doctor
Usher
,
Archbishop
of
Armagh
,
and
Doctor
Brownrigg
,
the
Bishop
of
Exeter
,
received
some
shews
of
respect
and
reverence
from
the
Protector
,
which
he
more
manifestly
declared
afterward
in
the
Funeral-expence
of
the
Learned
Archbishop
Usher
,
and
this
to
captate
a
reputation
of
his
love
to
Scholars
,
and
the
meek
,
modest
,
and
vertuous
Clergy
.
The
Presbyterian
was
rather
tolerated
than
countenanced
,
and
yet
such
of
them
as
would
comply
with
his
Court-greatness
became
his
Favourites
,
for
others
of
them
he
cared
not
,
pleasingly
expressing
himself
,
how
he
had
brought
under
the
pride
and
arrogance
of
that
Sect
,
making
those
that
would
allow
no
liberty
to
others
,
to
sue
for
it
themselves
.
The
Independents
,
and
Anabaptists
,
he
loved
,
and
preferred
by
turns
,
and
was
most
constant
to
them
,
as
the
men
that
would
support
his
Vsurpation
.
Only
he
could
by
no
means
endure
the
Fifth
Monarchy-men
,
though
by
their
dotages
he
had
raised
himself
to
this
height
.
Therefore
Feak
and
Rogers
,
Preachers
,
were
by
him
committed
to
prison
,
Feak
to
Windsor
,
and
Rogers
to
Carisbrook
in
the
Isle
of
Wight
.
But
it
is
said
,
he
set
Mr.
Kiffin
,
the
Anabaptist
(
whom
he
had
taken
out
of
design
into
his
favour
with
the
party
)
at
variance
with
Feak
,
to
the
raising
of
a
fewd
between
them
;
the
ballance
of
his
security
in
the
Gov●rnment
.
The
like
he
did
between
the
Presbyterian
and
the
Independent
,
a
subdivided
Schism
from
the
Church
of
England
,
as
the
other
were
from
Independency
.
And
it
was
observed
,
that
in
most
great
Towns
and
Cities
in
England
,
he
placed
an
Independant
Minister
,
and
a
Presbyterian
together
,
that
the
one
might
ballance
the
other
.
The
Kirk
of
Scotland
at
this
time
had
the
wings
of
her
Authority
very
much
clipped
,
if
not
quite
taken
away
by
the
dissolution
of
the
General
Assembly
,
which
was
done
by
Colonel
Morgan
at
Aberdeen
,
where
they
were
assembled
;
Mr.
Andrew
Cant
,
and
the
rest
of
them
in
vain
protesting
against
the
Action
.
The
like
disturbance
they
had
afterwards
at
Edenburgh
from
Lieutenant
Colonel
Cotterel
.
The
Marquess
of
Argyle
,
to
keep
up
his
Reputation
with
the
Church
of
Scotland
,
seemed
much
troubled
at
this
proceeding
against
the
Assemblies
,
and
interceded
with
the
Protector
for
the
liberty
of
the
Church
,
wherein
he
had
good
success
:
and
the
Church
of
Scotland
was
indulged
with
the
exercise
of
Religion
,
and
a
great
part
of
their
Jurisdiction
and
Discipline
.
They
were
restrained
in
little
more
than
the
power
of
keeping
General
Assemblies
(
their
Presbyteries
being
permitted
to
convene
)
and
the
rigour
of
Excommunication
;
for
whereas
before
persons
excommunicated
were
not
only
excluded
from
the
communion
of
the
Kirk
,
but
had
all
their
Estates
confiscated
till
their
reconciliation
This
latter
part
was
not
now
to
be
executed
;
but
to
please
the
Ministers
for
the
restraint
of
their
power
,
the
maintenance
of
Scholars
in
Universities
of
Scotland
was
encreased
,
and
many
priviledges
were
granted
to
them
.
The
Government
and
security
of
the
Kingdom
of
Ireland
was
the
next
care
of
the
Protector
,
and
his
Son-in-law
,
Lieutenant
General
Fleetwood
,
is
made
Deputy
of
Ireland
.
About
this
time
an
Ordinance
was
published
for
the
Trial
and
Approbation
of
Ministers
,
wherein
Doctor
Thomas
Goodwyn
,
Philip
Nye
,
Hughes
Abridgement
of
all
Acts
and
publick
Ordinances
.
part.
2.
Hugh
Peters
,
Mr.
Manton
and
divers
others
were
named
Commissioners
.
It
was
ordained
,
That
every
person
who
should
after
March
25.
1654.
be
presented
,
nominated
,
chosen
,
or
appointed
to
any
Benefice
(
called
a
Benefice
with
cure
of
Souls
)
or
to
preach
any
publick
Lecture
in
England
or
Wales
,
should
before
he
be
admitted
to
such
Benefice
or
Lecture
,
be
adjudged
and
approved
of
by
the
Persons
forenamed
,
to
be
a
Person
for
the
Grace
of
God
in
him
,
his
holy
and
unblameable
Conversation
,
and
also
for
his
knowledge
and
utterance
,
able
and
fit
to
preach
the
Gospel
.
And
that
after
the
said
twenty
five
of
March
,
no
person
,
but
such
as
should
upon
such
approbation
be
admitted
by
the
said
persons
,
should
take
any
publick
Lecture
,
having
a
stipend
legally
annexed
thereunto
,
or
take
or
receive
any
such
Benefice
as
aforesaid
,
or
the
profits
thereof
.
On
June
the
twenty
third
following
,
by
the
Protector
,
with
the
advice
of
his
Council
,
it
was
further
ordained
,
That
in
case
any
person
,
who
since
April
the
first
,
1653.
hath
been
proved
in
any
publick
Benefice
or
publick
Lecture
,
should
not
before
the
twenty
fourth
of
June
,
1654.
obtain
approbation
and
admittance
in
manner
as
in
the
said
Ordinance
is
expressed
,
that
then
the
person
,
or
persons
,
who
have
right
thereunto
,
should
and
might
present
and
nominate
some
other
fit
person
to
that
place
.
It
was
ordained
also
,
That
tho
said
Commissioners
in
that
Ordinance
be
authorized
to
give
approbation
and
admittance
to
any
person
concerned
in
that
clause
of
the
said
Ordinance
,
at
any
time
before
the
twenty
third
day
of
July
,
1654.
and
that
in
the
mean
time
no
person
should
present
,
or
nominate
,
any
person
to
any
Benefice
,
or
publick
Lecture
,
in
the
place
of
any
such
person
,
for
the
want
of
such
approbation
by
the
time
aforesaid
.
But
if
such
approbation
and
admittance
should
not
be
by
the
said
twenty
third
of
July
obtained
by
the
said
persons
therein
concerned
,
then
such
person
,
or
persons
,
as
have
right
thereunto
,
might
present
or
nominate
some
other
fit
person
to
such
place
,
according
to
the
said
Ordinance
.
August
the
sixteenth
,
1654.
an
Ordinance
was
passed
against
ignorant
and
scandalous
Ministers
,
in
all
the
respective
Counties
within
England
and
Wales
:
in
which
it
was
declared
.
1.
That
such
Ministers
,
and
Scholars
,
should
be
accounted
scandalous
in
their
lives
,
as
should
be
proved
guilty
for
holding
such
blaspemous
and
Atheistical
Opinions
,
as
are
punishable
by
an
Act
of
Parliament
,
entitled
,
An
Act
against
several
Atheistical
,
Blasphemous
,
and
Execrable
Opinions
,
derogatory
to
the
Honour
of
God
,
and
destructive
to
Humane
society
:
or
guilty
of
cursing
,
swearing
,
or
subornation
of
perjury
.
2.
Such
as
hold
,
or
teach
any
of
those
Popish
opinions
,
required
in
the
Oath
of
abjuration
,
to
be
abjured
:
or
be
guilty
of
adultery
,
fornication
,
drunkenness
,
&c.
carding
,
dicing
,
profaning
of
the
Lord's
day
,
or
allow
the
same
in
their
Families
.
3.
Such
as
have
publickly
,
and
frequently
received
and
used
the
Common-prayer-book
,
since
the
first
of
January
last
,
or
shall
at
any
time
hereafter
do
the
same
.
4.
Such
as
do
encourage
,
or
countenance
,
by
word
,
or
practice
,
any
Whitsun-ales
,
Wakes
,
Morris-dances
,
May-poles
.
5.
Such
as
have
declared
,
or
shall
declare
,
by
writing
,
preaching
,
or
otherwise
,
their
disaffection
to
the
Government
.
6.
Such
Ministers
were
to
be
accounted
negligent
;
as
omit
the
publick
Exercises
of
Preaching
,
and
Praying
,
on
the
Lord's-day
(
not
being
hindered
by
necessary
absence
,
or
infirmity
of
sickness
)
or
that
are
or
shall
be
non-resident
.
7.
Such
School-masters
should
be
accounted
negligent
,
as
absent
themselves
from
their
Schools
,
and
do
wilfully
neglect
their
duties
in
teaching
their
Scholars
.
8.
Such
Ministers
,
and
School-masters
,
should
be
accounted
ignorant
,
and
insufficient
,
as
should
be
so
declared
,
and
adjudged
,
by
the
said
Commissioners
,
five
or
more
of
them
,
together
with
five
,
or
more
,
of
the
Ministers
particularly
named
in
the
Ordinance
for
the
several
and
respective
Counties
of
England
and
Wales
,
Assistants
to
the
said
Commissioners
.
August
the
thirtieth
,
1654.
It
was
ordained
,
That
Sir
Hugh
Owen
Baronet
,
and
divers
other
persons
,
particularly
named
in
the
Ordinance
for
all
the
several
Counties
in
the
Dominion
of
Wales
,
be
Commissioners
in
their
several
limits
,
and
that
the
said
Commissioners
,
or
any
three
of
them
,
therein
are
authorized
by
their
Warrants
under
their
hands
and
seals
to
call
before
them
all
such
persons
,
who
by
authority
and
colour
of
an
Act
of
Parliament
,
made
February
the
twenty
second
,
1649.
entitled
[
An
Act
for
the
better
Propagation
,
and
Preaching
of
the
Gospel
in
Wales
,
&c.
]
have
intermedled
in
the
receiving
,
keeping
,
and
disposing
the
said
rents
,
issues
,
and
profits
of
all
or
any
of
the
Rectories
,
Vicarages
,
portion
of
Tenths
,
and
other
Ecclesiastical
livings
,
Impropriations
,
and
Glebe-lands
within
the
said
Counties
:
and
to
give
a
true
and
perfect
account
upon
Oath
(
which
Oath
the
Commissioners
are
impowred
to
administer
)
of
all
such
rents
,
issues
,
and
profits
,
which
they
,
or
any
of
them
,
have
received
.
And
if
any
of
them
shall
refuse
to
give
a
true
account
,
to
commit
him
,
or
them
,
so
refusing
to
the
Gaol
of
the
County
,
there
to
remain
,
till
they
conform
themselves
.
The
moneys
found
in
their
hands
to
be
paid
into
the
hands
of
such
Treasurer
as
the
respective
Commissioners
should
nominate
and
appoint
for
that
purpose
:
which
Treasurer
should
within
three
months
pay
in
the
same
into
the
Exchequer
.
Se●tember
the
second
,
1654.
It
was
ordained
,
That
the
Ordinance
,
entitled
,
An
Ordinance
for
bringing
in
the
publick
Revenue
of
this
Common-wealth
into
one
Treasury
,
to
be
paid
into
the
Receipt
of
the
Exchequer
;
nor
any
thing
therein
contained
,
shall
extend
,
or
be
construed
to
extend
to
any
the
Rents
,
Profits
,
or
Revenues
,
by
Acts
of
Parliament
,
of
Rectories
impropriate
,
appropriate
Tythes
,
&c.
or
any
of
them
setled
in
the
Trustees
in
the
said
Acts
named
.
That
all
and
every
the
Rectories
,
Impropriations
,
Tithes
a●propriate
,
Donatives
,
Oblations
,
Obventions
,
First-fruits
,
Tenths
,
Pensions
,
Portions
of
Tiths
by
the
said
recited
Acts
vested
in
the
Trustees
,
and
not
ex●osed
to
sale
by
an
Act
,
entitled
,
[
An
Act
for
the
sale
of
Mannors
,
of
Rectories
,
and
Glebe-lands
,
belonging
to
Archbishops
,
Bishops
,
Deans
,
Deans
and
Chapters
]
shall
from
henceforth
be
setled
in
the
possession
and
seizin
of
W.
Steele
,
Serjeant
at
Law
,
and
other
persons
particularly
named
in
the
Ordinance
,
Survivor
and
Survivors
of
them
,
and
their
Heirs
,
to
the
uses
,
and
upon
the
Trusts
in
the
said
Acts
expressed
,
&c.
That
they
shall
sue
for
,
recover
,
collect
,
and
gather
the
Rents
,
Issues
,
and
Profits
thereof
,
as
Owners
in
Trust
,
and
manage
the
Revenue
in
such
way
and
manner
as
shall
be
most
advantageous
for
the
carrying
on
of
this
service
.
That
the
said
Trustees
shall
ha●e
power
to
make
unions
of
two
Parishes
,
or
more
,
into
one
,
and
the
whole
Ecclesiastical
Revenues
,
Tithes
,
and
Profits
belonging
to
the
said
Parishes
so
united
,
to
be
supplied
for
a
provision
for
one
godly
and
painful
Minister
,
to
preach
in
such
of
the
said
Parish
charge
,
where
such
union
shall
be
made
,
as
the
said
Trustees
shall
judge
convenient
.
The
said
Trustees
also
shall
appoint
,
where
the
meeting
of
both
the
said
Parishes
,
for
the
worship
of
God
,
shall
be
,
&c.
The
said
Trustees
also
shall
have
power
to
sever
and
divide
Parishes
,
where
they
shall
conceive
it
needful
,
and
fix
such
maintenance
out
of
the
profits
of
the
said
Church
,
so
to
be
divided
,
as
they
shall
think
fit
,
to
be
approved
of
by
the
Parliament
,
and
in
the
Intervals
of
Parliament
by
the
Protector
and
his
Council
,
&c.
This
year
died
that
famous
and
learned
Antiquary
,
Mr.
John
Selden
,
and
was
buried
in
the
Inner-Temple
Church
in
London
.
Addition
to
Sir
Rich.
Bakers
Chron.
Anno
1655.
the
Duke
of
Savoy's
Souldiers
having
committed
many
cruel
outrages
upon
the
Protestants
in
Piedmont
,
Cromwel
took
this
occasion
to
ingratiate
himself
with
the
Protestants
abroad
,
and
appointing
a
solemn
day
of
Humiliation
to
be
kept
,
he
caused
a
large
contribution
to
be
gathered
for
them
throughout
the
Nation
,
and
sent
his
Agents
abroad
to
mediate
for
them
.
Alderman
Viner
and
Pack
were
made
Treasurers
for
this
Money
,
which
amounted
to
a
very
large
fum
:
but
how
much
came
to
the
hands
of
those
for
whom
it
was
pretended
to
be
collected
,
I
know
not
.
The
French
King
accommodated
the
business
,
the
Duke
of
Savoy
refusing
to
admit
Cromwel's
mediation
.
Upon
the
tendring
of
certain
Proposals
,
to
the
Protector
,
by
Manasseh
Ben-Israel
,
a
Jewish
Merchant
,
in
the
behalf
of
his
Hebrew
Nation
,
for
their
free
admission
to
Trade
,
and
exercise
of
their
Religion
in
England
,
a
Conference
was
held
about
it
,
several
dayes
at
White-hall
,
by
the
Members
of
the
Council
,
and
certain
Divines
of
the
greatest
note
among
them
:
and
many
Arguments
being
urged
pro
and
con
,
those
against
their
admission
so
far
prevailed
,
that
the
Proposals
took
no
effect
.
Mr.
Prynne
wrote
a
Book
,
at
the
same
time
,
against
their
admission
.
Then
was
an
Ordinance
made
by
the
Protector
,
with
the
advice
of
his
Council
,
for
the
Relief
of
Ministers
put
into
sequestred
Livings
,
against
Molestations
,
and
Suits
,
by
Parsons
sequestred
and
ejected
.
On
September
the
seventeeth
,
1656.
a
Parliament
assembled
at
Westminster
,
and
chose
for
their
Speaker
Sir
Thomas
Widdrington
.
Now
The
Humble
Petition
and
Advice
was
framed
,
which
was
a
Module
of
Government
,
with
which
they
several
times
waited
on
the
Protector
at
White-hall
,
to
desire
him
to
take
the
chief
Government
of
the
Nations
upon
him
,
with
the
Title
of
King
;
of
which
the
power
he
already
had
;
the
name
only
he
wanted
.
He
finding
his
Officers
averse
to
it
,
at
last
returned
answer
,
That
he
could
not
take
the
Government
upon
him
with
that
Title
.
Now
was
James
Nailor
,
the
great
Ring-leader
of
the
Sect
called
Quakers
,
brought
to
his
Trial
,
who
having
spread
his
Doctrine
,
and
gained
many
Proselites
to
it
in
divers
parts
of
the
Nation
,
was
more
especially
taken
notice
of
at
Exeter
,
Wells
,
and
Bristol
,
and
from
Bristol
was
brought
up
to
London
,
attended
by
several
Men
and
Women
of
his
Opinion
,
who
all
the
way
they
came
strewed
Gloves
and
Handkerchiefs
in
his
way
,
and
sang
Hosannah's
to
him
,
and
(
blasphemously
)
are
said
to
have
used
the
same
kind
of
expressions
toward
him
,
as
anciently
the
people
of
the
Jews
did
to
our
Saviour
,
when
he
rode
in
triumph
to
Jerusalem
.
Nailor
being
convented
before
the
Parliament
,
was
charged
of
Blasphemy
,
for
assuming
to
himself
Divine
honours
,
and
such
Attributes
as
were
due
to
Christ
only
.
He
was
sentenced
by
the
House
to
be
(
first
at
London
)
publickly
whipt
,
pillored
,
and
stigmatized
,
and
bored
through
the
Tongue
with
a
red
hot
Iron
,
as
a
Blasphemer
:
then
to
be
conveyed
to
Bristol
,
there
to
be
also
whipt
;
lastly
,
to
be
brought
back
to
London
,
to
remain
in
Bridewel
during
pleasure
;
which
Sentence
was
inflicted
upon
him
.
At
this
time
the
viperous
brood
of
Sects
,
and
Heresies
,
swarmed
through
all
parts
of
the
Nation
.
Then
the
Ranters
began
to
multiply
,
and
the
Socinians
,
who
denied
the
Divinity
of
Christ
;
and
one
Biddle
was
infamous
for
these
Opinions
;
and
Erbury
,
formerly
a
Minister
in
Cardiff
in
Wales
,
degenerated
unto
Ranting
.
The
Compiler
of
this
Treatise
once
heard
this
Erbury
speak
in
a
publick
Congregation
,
near
Bath
in
Sommerset-shire
,
of
a
threefold
Dispensation
of
God
to
his
Church
and
People
.
There
hath
been
(
said
he
)
a
twofold
discovery
of
God
to
his
People
,
or
a
two-fold
Dispensation
,
namely
,
the
Dispensation
of
the
Law
and
the
Gospel
,
and
God
discovered
himself
to
his
People
in
both
Dispensations
diversly
.
Vnder
the
Law
God
discovered
himself
to
his
people
in
a
way
of
fear
:
therefore
God
was
called
the
great
and
fearful
God
,
and
the
delivery
of
the
Law
to
Moses
was
in
a
fearful
manner
.
Now
when
the
Apostle
speaks
of
the
Ministry
of
the
Gospel
,
he
saith
,
You
have
not
received
the
spirit
of
bondage
again
to
fear
,
but
the
Spirit
of
Adoption
,
&c.
that
is
(
said
he
)
now
when
the
Gospel
came
,
men
knew
God
to
be
a
Father
,
and
they
in
the
Spirit
of
Adoption
cried
,
Abba
,
Father
.
He
added
,
That
under
the
Law
God
was
known
as
a
Lord
,
and
Master
,
to
keep
his
People
in
work
,
and
as
they
had
their
work
,
so
they
had
their
wages
;
and
if
they
did
not
work
,
they
had
terrors
upon
their
spirits
to
affright
them
.
But
under
the
Gospel
,
God
was
discovered
to
be
a
Father
full
of
Light
and
Love
,
so
that
now
we
converse
with
God
in
a
loving
manner
,
and
serve
him
as
a
Son
serveth
his
Father
.
—
He
proceeded
to
tell
us
,
That
there
is
a
third
Dispensation
yet
to
come
in
the
last
dayes
,
wherein
God
will
discover
himself
in
a
more
fearful
way
,
and
yet
in
a
way
more
full
of
light
and
love
than
in
former
times
.
He
added
,
That
then
there
will
be
a
fuller
discovery
of
God
,
than
hath
been
both
under
the
Law
and
Gospel
:
and
the
ignorance
of
this
(
he
said
)
hath
been
the
cause
of
all
the
confusions
,
and
contentions
,
among
the
People
of
God
.
He
said
,
That
the
Apostles
waited
for
this
Dispensation
,
another
state
more
glorious
than
any
they
had
yet
attained
unto
.
This
glorious
Dispensation
(
he
told
us
)
St.
Paul
calls
,
The
Glory
to
be
revealed
in
us
,
the
glorious
liberty
of
the
Sons
of
God
;
and
that
St.
Peter
calls
it
,
The
new
Heaven
,
and
new
Earth
,
and
St.
John
,
The
new
Jerusalem
.
He
said
,
That
the
Mystery
of
the
Gospel
,
which
was
preached
by
the
Apostles
,
was
hid
from
men
;
they
knew
not
the
mystery
of
it
:
but
the
time
will
come
,
that
this
mystery
of
the
Gospel
will
come
forth
in
a
fuller
discovery
than
hath
been
heretofore
made
known
.
But
I
shall
trouble
the
Reader
no
further
with
him
.
On
April
the
nineteenth
,
1657.
at
a
certain
House
in
Shoreditch
,
were
apprehended
a
discontented
party
,
formerly
in
the
Army
,
that
went
under
the
name
of
Fifth
Monarchy-men
,
such
as
taking
upon
them
to
be
the
Champions
of
Christ's
Monarchy
on
Earth
,
renounced
all
Monarchy
besides
:
the
chief
of
whom
were
Thomas
Venner
,
a
Wine-Cooper
,
Predicant
,
Ashton
,
Hopkins
,
Gowler
,
and
Gray
their
Scribes
.
They
had
appointed
to
have
rendezvouz
that
night
at
Mile-end-Green
,
and
thence
to
have
marched
into
some
other
Counties
to
joyn
with
others
of
their
party
,
that
were
ready
to
shew
themselves
upon
the
first
opportunity
.
There
was
taken
with
them
a
great
quantity
of
Arms
,
and
certain
printed
Papers
that
were
to
be
dispersed
,
and
a
Standard
with
a
Lion
couchant
,
Gules
,
in
a
Field
Argent
,
having
this
Motto
,
Who
shall
rouze
him
up
?
There
was
also
taken
Major
General
Harison
,
Captain
Lawson
,
late
Vice-Admiral
,
Colonel
Rich
,
Carew
and
Courtney
,
and
Major
Danvers
;
whereof
the
first
was
committed
to
the
Serjeant
at
Armes
,
and
the
rest
were
sent
to
remote
Castles
and
Prisons
.
General
Monk
had
order
to
seize
Major
General
Overton
,
and
the
Majors
Bramston
and
Holmes
,
and
cashier
them
after
Fines
and
good
Security
for
their
behaviour
.
Overton
was
sent
up
to
the
Tower
,
and
his
Regiment
conferred
on
Colonel
Morgan
:
Colonel
Okey's
Regiment
was
also
taken
from
him
,
and
given
to
a
sure
Confider
:
and
one
Major
Wildman
,
a
great
Leveller
,
was
taken
at
Marleborough
,
enditing
and
drawing
Declarations
against
the
Protector
;
so
the
danger
from
the
Army
was
soon
suppressed
.
About
the
same
time
a
Book
was
published
,
called
Killing
no
Murther
,
wherein
it
was
urged
,
That
it
was
most
lawful
,
just
,
necessary
,
and
honourable
to
kill
the
Protector
;
and
this
printed
with
the
name
of
one
Allen
,
a
disbanded
Leveller
,
but
so
politely
written
,
that
it
intimated
a
more
exact
and
curious
hand
that
framed
it
.
Whosoever
was
the
Author
,
it
scared
Cromwel
almost
out
of
his
Wits
.
This
made
him
most
suspitiously
fearful
,
so
that
he
began
to
dread
every
person
,
or
strange
face
he
saw
,
(
which
he
would
anxiously
,
and
intently
,
view
)
for
an
Assassinate
,
that
Book
perpetually
running
in
his
mind
.
It
is
said
,
it
was
his
constant
custom
to
shift
and
change
his
Lodging
,
to
which
he
passed
through
twenty
several
Locks
,
and
out
of
which
he
had
four
or
five
wayes
to
avoid
pursuit
.
June
iwenty
six
,
1657.
Then
followed
the
Protector
's
Instalment
,
in
a
more
solemn
manner
,
in
Westminster-hall
,
than
before
:
and
the
Speaker
of
the
Parliament
,
Sir
Thomas
Widdrington
,
in
the
name
of
the
Parliament
,
presented
to
him
a
Robe
of
Purple-velvet
,
a
Bible
,
Sword
,
and
a
Scepter
,
and
having
made
a
Speech
thereupon
,
the
Speaker
took
the
Bible
,
and
gave
the
Protector
his
Oath
.
Mr.
Manton
,
Minister
then
of
Covent-Garden
,
made
a
Prayer
,
wherein
he
recommended
the
Protector
,
Parliament
,
Council
,
the
Forces
by
Sea
and
Land
,
Government
,
and
People
of
the
three
Nations
,
to
the
protection
of
God
.
Which
being
ended
,
the
Heraulds
by
Trumpets
proclaimed
Cromwell
Protector
of
England
,
Scotland
,
and
Ireland
,
and
the
Dominions
thereunto
belonging
,
requiring
all
persons
to
yield
him
due
obedience
.
Then
were
the
attempts
of
the
Royal
Party
,
in
behalf
of
his
Majesty
,
betrayed
,
and
discovered
to
the
Protector
,
and
Sir
Henry
Slingsby
,
Doctor
Huet
,
Minister
of
St.
Gregories
by
Pauls
in
London
,
Mr.
Mordant
,
and
others
are
imprisoned
,
and
brought
to
trial
before
an
High
Court
of
Justice
,
set
up
under
the
Presidentship
of
Commissioner
Lisle
.
Sir
Henry
,
and
the
Doctor
,
were
the
two
first
that
were
brought
to
trial
,
and
both
of
them
sentenced
to
die
as
Traitors
:
the
first
upon
the
bare
testimony
of
those
three
men
,
who
had
so
treacherously
circumvented
him
,
which
in
vain
he
pleaded
:
the
other
,
as
a
Mute
,
disowning
the
Authority
of
the
Court
,
and
thereupon
denying
to
plead
.
On
the
eighth
of
June
,
1658.
they
were
beheaded
on
Tower-hill
.
Afterwards
,
on
July
the
seventh
,
Colonel
Edward
Ashton
,
and
John
Bettley
,
were
hanged
and
quartered
,
the
first
in
Tower-street
,
the
other
in
Cheapside
.
Cromwell
was
now
again
adorned
with
another
success
,
and
triumph
,
by
the
defeat
of
the
Spanish
Army
,
and
surrender
of
Dunkirk
into
his
hands
,
Lockart
his
Kinsman
,
and
General
of
the
English
Forces
,
being
made
Governor
thereof
.
In
August
.
1658.
the
Protector
was
taken
sick
at
Hampton-court
,
having
not
been
well
in
mind
some
time
before
(
troubled
with
the
last
distracted
words
of
his
beloved
Daughter
Cleypole
,
who
died
on
the
sixth
day
of
August
)
which
went
near
to
his
heart
.
After
a
weeks
time
his
Disease
began
to
shew
very
desperate
symptomes
:
wherefore
he
was
removed
to
White-hall
,
where
his
Chaplains
kept
Fasts
for
his
recovery
:
but
having
declared
his
Son
Richard
his
Successor
,
he
died
on
Friday
,
September
the
third
,
at
three
of
the
Clock
in
the
Afternoon
.
The
deceased
Protector
's
Will
,
concerning
his
Successor
,
being
imparted
to
the
Council
,
and
chief
Officers
of
the
Army
,
they
all
consent
to
the
election
of
his
Son
Richard
,
and
the
President
,
and
whole
Council
,
went
at
once
to
congratulate
him
,
and
to
condole
his
Fathers
death
,
Then
was
he
proclaimed
by
the
City
of
London
,
and
chief
Officers
of
the
Army
.
After
the
Proclamation
,
the
Lord
Mayor
presented
his
Sword
to
him
,
which
he
presently
returned
:
and
after
some
Ceremonies
passed
,
(
the
Council
,
and
many
Officers
of
the
State
,
and
of
the
Army
being
present
)
Nathanael
Fiennes
,
one
of
the
Commissioners
of
the
Great
Seal
,
administred
an
Oath
unto
him
.
A
Gentleman
was
sent
into
Ireland
,
who
was
chief
Governor
of
that
Kingdom
,
to
acquaint
Henry
Cromwell
with
the
present
posture
of
Affairs
in
England
:
and
Mr.
Thomas
Clarges
was
sent
into
Scotland
,
to
General
Monk
,
to
see
how
he
stood
affected
to
Richard's
advancement
.
Then
Addresses
were
made
to
the
Protector
from
all
parts
of
the
Nation
:
and
the
Army
of
Scotland
submit
to
what
was
was
done
in
England
.
Addresses
were
also
made
to
the
young
Protector
from
all
the
Regiments
of
the
Army
in
England
,
Scotland
,
and
Ireland
,
and
other
parts
.
After
the
pompous
solemnity
of
the
Funerals
of
the
late
Protector
,
the
new
Protector
summoned
a
Parliament
,
to
meet
at
Westminster
,
on
January
twenty
seven
,
he
endeavours
to
new
model
his
Council
;
but
the
Army
grows
jealous
of
him
,
and
censure
him
,
and
the
factious
part
of
the
Army
had
many
seditious
meetings
,
and
he
is
perswaded
to
resign
the
command
of
the
Army
to
Fleetwood
,
which
he
refuseth
.
The
General
Council
of
Officers
(
as
they
called
themselves
)
met
in
Fleetwood's
House
,
where
they
acted
with
as
much
formality
,
as
if
they
had
been
the
supreme
Legislators
of
the
three
Kingdoms
.
At
length
things
came
to
this
issue
,
the
young
Protector
was
forced
to
sign
a
Commission
to
Commissioner
Fiennes
,
for
the
dissolving
of
the
Parliament
,
and
a
Proclamation
came
forth
,
in
the
Protector
's
name
,
to
publish
the
dissolution
of
the
Parliament
.
Soon
after
,
whilst
many
of
the
Superiour
Officers
of
the
Army
met
at
Wallingford-house
,
in
further
consideration
of
a
Module
of
Government
,
Supplem
.
to
Sir
Rich.
Baker's
Hist.
the
inferiour
Officers
being
the
most
numerous
,
assembled
in
the
Chappel
at
St.
Jame's
,
having
Doctor
Owen
,
and
other
Independent
Ministers
,
to
assist
at
their
Devotion
,
and
at
last
declared
their
forwardness
to
restore
the
latter
part
of
the
long
Parliament
,
and
to
restore
Lambert
,
and
the
rest
of
the
Officers
to
their
Commands
,
who
had
been
displaced
by
Oliver
Cromwel
for
disaffection
to
him
.
Several
Colonels
were
removed
from
their
Regiments
,
and
others
put
in
their
rooms
;
as
likewise
Governours
of
Towns
and
other
Officers
.
Lambert
being
thus
brought
again
into
the
Army
,
recovereth
much
of
his
former
power
.
Then
a
Declaration
of
the
Officers
of
the
Army
was
drawn
up
,
which
invited
the
Members
of
the
long
Parliament
,
who
had
sate
till
April
the
twentieth
,
1653.
to
return
to
the
exercise
and
discharge
of
their
trust
.
They
accept
of
the
Invitation
,
and
take
their
places
in
the
House
.
General
Monk
seems
to
consent
to
what
was
done
in
England
.
They
publish
their
Intentions
by
Declaration
,
viz.
That
they
are
resolved
,
by
God's
assistance
,
to
endeavour
to
secure
and
establish
the
property
and
Liberties
of
the
people
,
without
a
single
Person
,
Kingship
,
or
House
of
Peers
:
and
shall
vigorously
endeavour
the
carrying
on
of
Reformation
,
so
much
desired
:
to
the
end
there
may
be
a
godly
and
faithful
Magistracy
,
and
Ministry
upheld
and
maintained
in
the
Nations
,
&c.
The
Officers
of
the
Army
presented
an
humble
Address
to
the
Remnant
Parliament
,
on
May
12.
1659.
by
Lambert
and
others
.
Richard
,
the
late
Protector
,
sends
his
submission
to
the
Parliament
.
All
Commissions
to
the
Officers
of
the
Army
are
ordered
to
be
signed
by
the
Speaker
:
and
Henry
Cromwell
is
called
from
the
Government
of
Ireland
.
Fleetwood
,
Lambert
,
and
others
,
receive
their
Commissions
in
the
House
from
the
Speaker
.
The
Governour
of
Dunkirk
submits
also
to
the
change
of
our
Government
.
General
Monk
likes
not
the
Juncto's
designs
of
modelling
his
Army
,
and
useth
his
utmost
industry
to
obstruct
it
.
Commissioners
are
appointed
for
the
Goverment
of
Ireland
.
In
the
mean
time
Captain
Titus
,
and
others
,
sent
as
Commissioners
from
the
King
,
are
active
for
his
Majesties
service
in
London
,
and
in
the
Countrey
.
Sir
George
Booth
,
with
several
others
,
appear
in
a
considerable
Body
;
they
take
possession
of
Chester
City
,
but
the
Castle
holds
out
against
them
.
Chirk-Castle
is
delivered
to
them
by
Sir
Thomas
Middleton
.
Collonel
Ireland
,
and
several
others
,
at
the
same
time
declare
for
them
at
Leverpool
,
and
Mr.
Brooks
,
one
of
the
Members
of
the
House
of
Commons
.
Lambert
is
sent
against
Sir
George
Booth
.
Mr.
Nicholas
Monk
,
a
Minister
,
and
the
only
Brother
to
General
Monk
,
is
sent
into
Scotland
from
Sir
Hugh
Pollard
,
Sir
Thomas
Stukeley
,
and
other
of
his
Majesties
Friends
in
the
West
of
England
;
He
sollicits
his
Brother
to
embrace
his
Majesties
Interest
.
The
King
wrote
a
Letter
to
General
Monk
,
and
another
to
Sir
John
Greenvill
,
concerning
the
owning
his
Cause
,
Major
General
Massey
was
active
in
Glocester-shire
,
and
the
Lord
Herbert
,
Son
to
the
Marquess
of
Worcester
,
and
others
.
The
Lord
Herbert
was
taken
:
so
was
Major
General
Massey
,
with
others
:
but
all
the
rest
of
the
Prisoners
,
except
the
Lord
Herbert
,
and
Massey's
Servant
,
make
an
escape
.
Lambert
marcheth
against
Sir
George
Booth
,
and
Sir
George
is
defeated
by
Lambert
,
and
soon
after
was
seized
at
Newport-pannel
,
in
a
disguise
,
as
he
was
riding
to
London
.
After
this
defeat
General
Monk
sends
a
Letter
to
the
House
,
signifying
his
willingness
to
be
dismissed
from
his
Command
.
The
Army
begin
to
contrive
the
recovery
and
advancement
of
their
power
.
The
Officers
of
the
Army
,
promoted
by
Lambert
,
dislike
some
proceedings
of
the
Juncto
.
They
conclude
to
draw
up
their
desires
in
a
Petition
.
Sir
Arthur
Haslerig
vehemently
opposeth
the
Armies
proceedings
:
and
incenseth
the
House
against
them
and
Lambert
.
Fleetwood
endeavours
to
justifie
the
Officers
of
the
Army
,
but
in
vain
.
Ashfield
,
Cobbet
,
and
Duckenfield
,
presented
the
Petition
of
the
Army
to
the
House
,
thus
dirrected
.
To
the
Supreme
Authority
of
these
Nations
,
the
Parliament
of
the
Commonwealth
of
England
,
&c.
The
humble
Petition
,
and
Proposals
,
of
the
Officers
under
the
Command
of
the
Right
Honourable
the
Lord
Lambert
,
in
the
late
Northern
Expedition
.
The
House
signifie
their
displeasure
,
and
vote
against
the
effect
of
the
Petition
.
Then
the
Officers
resolve
upon
more
moderate
Proposals
.
Another
Petition
is
brought
into
the
Council
of
Officers
more
high
than
the
former
.
General
Monk
writes
his
sence
of
it
in
a
Letter
to
Fleetwood
;
and
offers
himself
to
march
into
England
,
to
the
assistance
of
the
Parliaments
Party
.
October
the
fifth
,
Colonel
Desborow
,
with
many
other
Officers
of
the
Army
,
present
a
Representation
,
and
Petition
of
the
Officers
of
the
Army
to
the
Parliament
;
who
at
first
dissemble
their
distaste
of
these
proceedings
of
the
Army
.
The
Council
of
Officers
perceiving
,
that
the
Parliament
labour
to
alter
the
Constitution
of
the
Army
,
labour
to
get
Subscriptions
to
their
Representation
,
and
Petition
.
They
send
a
Letter
to
General
Monk
concerning
their
Representation
.
He
resolves
to
admit
of
no
Subscriptions
in
Scotland
.
General
Monk
is
courted
by
the
Parliament
,
and
complemented
by
Letters
,
with
gratulatory
Expressions
for
his
good
service
.
The
House
takes
the
Armies
debates
into
consideration
,
and
answers
them
one
by
one
Mr.
Nicholas
Monk
arrives
from
Scotland
with
private
Orders
from
the
General
to
Mr.
Clarges
.
The
house
ordereth
,
That
the
Commissions
of
Lambert
,
and
others
be
made
void
.
They
appoint
Commissioners
for
governing
the
Army
,
and
remove
Fleetwood
from
the
chief
command
thereof
.
Colonel
Morley
,
and
Mosse
,
are
ordered
with
their
Regiments
to
guard
the
House
.
But
Lambert
,
with
the
Regiments
that
adhere
to
him
,
stop
the
passages
to
the
Parliament
House
,
and
having
enforced
the
Speaker
to
return
,
they
dissolve
the
Remnant
Parliament
,
by
hindring
the
Members
from
coming
into
the
House
.
The
next
day
divers
of
the
chief
Officers
of
the
Army
met
at
Whitehall
,
and
chose
ten
Army-Officers
to
be
managers
of
the
State
Affairs
pro
tempore
.
They
agree
,
that
Fleetwood
should
be
Commander
in
chief
of
all
the
Armies
,
and
that
Lambert
should
be
the
next
chief
Officer
under
him
,
and
Colonel
Desborow
Commissary
General
of
the
Horse
;
and
that
all
the
Officers
to
be
constituted
in
the
Army
,
should
be
nominated
by
Sir
Henry
Vane
,
Fleetwood
,
Lambert
,
Desborow
,
Ludlow
,
and
Berry
.
They
dispatch
Colonel
Cobbet
to
General
Monk
with
a
large
Narrative
of
the
Reasons
of
their
proceedings
.
Now
was
Mr.
Armoror
sent
by
the
Lord
Mordant
to
the
King
,
to
inform
him
how
matters
went
in
England
.
The
Council
of
Officers
consult
about
a
frame
of
Government
.
They
nominate
twenty
three
persons
to
take
upon
them
the
Government
,
under
the
Title
of
The
Committee
of
Safety
;
and
they
invite
them
to
sit
,
giving
them
Powers
and
Instructions
.
General
Monk
writes
to
Fleetwood
,
and
Lambert
,
complaining
of
their
violation
of
Faith
to
the
Parliament
,
declaring
his
resolution
to
endeavuor
to
restore
them
to
their
power
,
against
all
opposition
whatsoever
.
Mr.
Clarges
is
dispatched
away
into
Scotland
by
the
Grandees
of
the
Army
,
together
with
Colonel
Talbot
,
to
sollicit
General
Monk
to
a
Treaty
.
Monk
keeps
in
all
the
displaced
Officers
in
their
respective
Commands
,
which
causeth
them
to
adhere
unto
him
,
and
removes
those
whom
himself
distrusteth
.
He
signifies
his
resolution
to
several
of
his
Officers
to
march
into
England
,
to
re-establish
the
Parliament
,
and
hath
their
consent
and
encouragement
.
He
marcheth
to
Edinborough
,
and
there
orders
all
things
to
his
best
advantage
.
Captain
Johnston
secures
Berwick
;
Captain
Witter
takes
possession
,
for
the
General
,
of
the
Cittadel
of
St.
Johnstons
,
and
is
made
Major
of
the
Regiment
.
Robson
gets
possession
of
the
Cittadel
at
Ayre
,
and
is
made
Colonel
of
the
Regiment
.
Smith's
Regiment
at
Innerness
is
given
to
Colonel
Man
.
The
General
marcheth
to
Leith
to
settle
the
Cittadel
and
Regiment
there
.
Captain
Hatt
and
Dennis
bring
off
Cobbet's
Regiment
to
the
General
;
and
Cobbet
was
detained
prisoner
at
Berwick
;
as
he
was
coming
into
Scotland
with
his
Regiment
,
he
was
brought
with
a
Guard
to
Edenborough
Castle
,
and
kept
there
.
At
Linlithgow
,
at
a
Council
of
Officers
,
it
was
advised
,
that
some
way
should
be
used
to
draw
off
the
Independent
Churches
in
England
from
favouring
the
English
Army
,
which
would
have
much
weakened
that
party
,
if
it
had
succeeded
;
for
most
of
the
Inferiour
Officers
were
of
that
perswasion
.
For
the
effecting
of
this
,
a
Declaration
was
framed
,
agreed
to
,
published
and
dispersed
all
over
England
:
and
at
the
same
time
another
Declaration
was
also
made
to
satisfie
the
Kingdom
in
general
with
his
proceedings
.
General
Monk
invite's
Ludlow
in
Ireland
to
a
Conjunction
with
him
.
Colonel
Lilburn
at
York
with
what
forces
he
could
draw
together
,
makes
all
possible
opposition
against
General
Monk
,
and
intercepts
the
General
's
Letters
to
Major
General
Morgan
.
Talbot
and
Clarges
come
to
Edinburgh
Novem.
2.
and
are
well-received
by
the
General
.
General
Monk
take's
hold
,
for
his
advantage
,
of
Lambert's
overture
for
a
Treaty
.
Colonel
Clobery
,
Colonel
Wilks
,
and
Major
Knight
,
are
chosen
to
be
the
General
's
Commissioners
in
this
Treaty
.
They
meet
Lambert
at
York
,
who
opposeth
the
proposal
touching
the
restitution
of
the
Parliament
.
The
Army
of
Horse
and
Foot
with
Lambert
amounted
to
neer
twelve
thousand
,
and
Monk
had
not
above
half
the
number
:
but
General
Monk
paid
all
his
men
,
which
the
other
did
not
.
Major
General
Morgan
take's
his
journey
into
Scotland
to
General
Monk
,
and
his
joyning
with
the
General
was
a
matter
of
great
importance
.
He
privately
delivers
a
Letter
to
the
General
from
Mr.
Bowles
a
Minister
of
York
a
very
eminent
man
of
those
parts
,
and
of
great
credit
with
the
Lord
Fairfax
.
Mr.
Clarges
is
sent
to
the
Lord
Fairfax
,
Colonel
Rossiter
,
and
others
,
to
engage
them
to
General
Monk
.
Colonel
Talbot
is
prevailed
upon
by
Lambert
to
take
part
with
him
.
Colonel
Whaley
,
Colonel
Goffe
,
Captain
Dean
,
and
Mr.
Caryl
the
Minister
,
are
sent
by
Fleetwood
to
General
Monk
.
Fleetwood
by
Letters
Court's
Monk
to
side
with
him
.
The
ruling
Faction
in
Ireland
declare
their
resolution
not
to
joyn
with
General
Monk
.
But
Sir
Charles
Coot
,
Sir
Theophilus
Jones
,
and
a
considerable
part
of
the
Army
resolve
to
assist
him
.
Mr.
Clarges
returns
from
Scotland
,
and
secretly
confers
with
Mr.
Bowels
at
York
,
to
whom
he
brought
a
letter
of
Credit
.
Bowels
negotiates
with
the
Lord
Fairfax
,
Colonel
Bethel
,
and
others
in
General
Monk's
behalf
,
who
promise
to
assist
him
.
In
the
mean-time
the
Commissioners
for
the
Independent
Churches
,
which
were
sent
into
Scotland
,
were
sollicitous
to
divert
Monk
from
the
prosecution
of
the
War
:
there
was
a
conference
appointed
with
them
at
Holy-rood-house
,
where
were
present
to
treat
with
them
General
Monk
,
Colonel
Fairfax
,
Colonel
Syler
,
Dr.
Barrow
,
the
Judge
Advocate
of
the
Army
,
and
Mr.
Gumble
one
of
the
General
's
Chaplains
,
and
Mr.
Collins
(
who
had
been
one
of
the
Preachers
to
the
late
Council
in
Scotland
)
was
admitted
to
be
present
there
as
a
Newter
.
Mr.
Caryl
was
the
first
that
spake
,
and
said
,
That
they
all
came
,
not
to
declare
their
own
sence
of
the
General
's
proceedings
,
but
the
sence
of
the
Churches
(
for
so
upon
every
occasion
he
called
the
Independent
Congregations
.
The
effect
of
Mr.
Caryl's
speech
in
the
name
of
the
Independent
Churches
.
)
That
the
Churches
had
not
given
them
Commission
to
enter
into
the
merits
of
the
cause
,
nor
to
debate
whether
Lambert's
Action
of
turning
out
the
Parliament
were
justifiable
or
not
,
but
onely
to
present
it
to
his
Lordship
,
as
their
opinion
,
That
though
that
Action
could
not
be
justified
,
yet
his
Lordship
had
not
a
call
to
appear
against
it
in
that
manner
that
he
then
did
,
That
his
Lordship
had
onely
in
charge
to
keep
Scotland
in
quiet
,
and
was
not
bound
to
take
notice
of
any
differences
in
England
.
He
proceeded
to
show
reasons
why
the
General
should
proceed
no
further
,
telling
him
,
that
it
would
put
a
strife
among
those
that
hitherto
had
been
Brethren
engaged
all
along
in
the
same
cause
,
partakers
in
the
same
dangers
,
and
the
same
successes
,
among
those
that
still
in
their
Papers
and
all
their
Addresses
,
called
and
owned
one
another
for
Brethren
;
and
that
at
a
very
unseasonable
time
,
whilst
the
Canaanites
and
Perizzites
were
in
the
Land
.
He
insisted
on
all
the
advantages
the
King
and
his
Party
would
reap
by
this
quarrel
,
and
all
the
dangers
the
people
of
God
(
for
so
he
called
his
own
party
)
might
run
into
.
At
last
he
told
the
General
,
that
what
Inconveniences
soever
should
happen
would
be
laid
at
his
door
,
in
regard
he
would
appear
to
have
been
the
beginner
of
the
War
.
At
this
the
General
interrupted
him
,
shewing
that
the
war
was
already
begun
by
Lambert
and
his
party
,
who
had
offered
violence
to
those
from
whom
they
had
all
received
their
Commissions
:
not
sparing
largely
to
lay
open
their
restless
Instability
,
which
would
not
suffer
the
three
nations
to
enjoy
any
setled
Government
at
all
,
but
kept
them
in
a
perpetual
circumvolution
,
till
they
were
in
danger
to
be
brought
to
utter
ruine
;
and
Declaring
,
That
if
they
continued
in
that
course
,
he
was
resolved
to
oppose
them
to
the
uttermost
,
and
would
(
to
repeat
his
own
words
)
lay
them
on
their
backs
.
The
Treaty
ended
between
the
Commissioners
of
the
two
Armies
,
who
came
to
an
agreement
,
which
consisted
of
nine
Articles
,
on
Novem.
15.
1659.
But
General
Monk
consults
how
he
might
,
with
the
most
handsome
pretence
,
refuse
his
Assent
to
these
Articles
.
And
it
was
proposed
by
Dr.
Barrow
,
and
agreed
to
by
the
General
and
the
rest
,
That
they
should
not
declare
a
positive
dissent
to
what
their
Commissioners
had
done
,
but
urge
,
that
there
was
something
untreated
of
,
further
to
be
agreed
upon
,
&c.
and
that
therefore
it
should
be
desired
,
that
two
more
might
be
allowed
to
be
added
to
their
Commissioners
,
to
meet
a
like
number
of
theirs
to
be
thereunto
authorized
,
to
put
a
more
absolute
period
to
their
differences
.
Mr.
Atkins
and
Colonel
Markham
are
sent
by
the
General
with
a
Letter
to
the
City
of
London
,
which
so
much
incensed
the
Committee
of
Safety
,
that
the
Gentlemen
who
delivered
it
are
Imprisoned
.
On
November
19.
Nine
of
the
Old
Counsellors
of
State
privately
meet
in
London
,
and
sent
one
Captain
Elmes
,
with
Horton
,
a
servant
of
Sir
Arthur
Hazlerig's
with
a
letter
into
Scotland
to
General
Monk
.
This
was
a
great
encouragement
to
the
Officers
in
Scotland
.
Colonel
Whetham
at
Portsmouth
generously
declared
for
General
Monk
with
that
Garrison
,
after
the
Council
of
State
had
framed
a
Commission
,
wherein
they
Constituted
General
Monk
Commander
in
Chief
of
all
the
Armies
in
England
and
Scotland
,
which
was
dated
November
24.
sealed
with
their
seal
,
and
left
in
the
hands
of
Mr.
Clarges
,
till
a
safe
messenger
might
be
sent
with
it
unto
him
.
Hurst-castle
,
and
the
Isle
of
Wight
are
kept
for
the
Parliament
.
Commissioners
from
the
several
Shires
and
Burroughs
of
Scotland
wait
upon
the
General
at
Berwick
,
and
the
General
and
they
part
with
a
mutual
respect
.
The
General
prepares
to
make
defence
against
Lambert
,
if
occasion
were
.
There
were
many
great
differences
between
the
City
of
London
,
and
Lambert's
party
there
.
The
Souldiers
are
affronted
by
the
Apprentices
not
without
some
bloodshed
.
Oppositions
from
all
parts
encrease
against
Lambert's
faction
.
Lambert
was
daily
alarum'd
with
the
success
of
the
Commissioners
at
Portsmouth
,
and
his
party
dayly
decrease
.
Fleetwood
submits
,
and
desires
the
Members
of
Parliament
to
sit
again
.
They
take
their
Seats
again
in
the
Parliament
House
;
and
Order
seven
Commissioners
for
the
management
of
the
Army
.
Colonel
Morley
upon
this
change
had
his
Regiment
restored
,
and
with
it
the
Government
of
the
Tower
conferred
on
him
.
The
Irish
Brigade
was
brought
off
to
General
Monk
by
Redman
and
Bret.
Dublin-castle
is
surprized
:
and
Sir
Charles
Coot
reduceth
all
Connaught
to
a
compliance
with
the
present
Design
.
The
Lord
Fairfax
,
and
several
of
Monk's
party
joyning
with
him
,
rise
in
York-shire
.
Now
General
Monk
begins
his
march
into
England
.
By
that
time
he
came
to
Morpeth
,
he
was
informed
that
Lambert's
whole
party
was
of
themselves
dispersed
into
several
quarters
in
submission
to
the
Parliament's
Orders
.
There
he
receive's
an
Address
from
the
City
of
London
by
Mr.
William
Man
,
their
Sword-bearer
,
as
likewise
from
the
Gentry
of
the
Countrey
in
all
parts
as
he
marched
along
.
The
new
restored
Members
on
January
2.
name
31.
Counsellors
of
State
,
passing
an
Act
for
their
Constitution
,
and
several
Instructions
for
them
to
Act
by
:
among
which
it
was
provided
,
that
●one
should
sit
,
but
such
as
should
take
an
Oath
of
Abjuration
of
the
King
,
His
family
,
and
Government
.
The
Oath
was
opposed
by
divers
of
the
House
.
Scot
and
Robinson
are
sent
from
the
House
to
complement
and
attend
General
Monk
upon
his
journey
.
Mr.
Clarges
gives
him
an
account
how
affairs
stand
at
London
:
he
sends
a
letter
by
Mr.
Clarges
to
the
House
from
St.
Albans
.
Several
addresses
are
made
to
him
in
his
March
,
pleading
for
a
free
Parliament
.
He
marcheth
with
his
forces
into
the
City
of
London
.
Being
come
to
the
Council
of
State
,
the
Oath
of
Abjuration
was
tendred
to
him
,
which
he
refuseth
to
take
.
He
is
conducted
with
much
Ceremony
into
the
House
,
where
he
receives
the
gratulations
of
the
House
.
The
City
continued
malecontent
,
whereupon
the
General
is
Ordered
by
the
Council
of
State
to
march
into
the
City
,
and
pull
down
the
Gates
and
Percullices
of
the
City
,
which
he
unwillingly
caused
to
be
done
.
The
same
day
a
Factious
party
of
Citizens
presented
a
Petition
to
the
House
by
one
Praise-God
Barebone
to
countenance
the
Action
.
The
General
sends
a
letter
to
the
House
signed
by
Himself
and
several
Officers
,
complaining
against
the
admission
of
Ludlow
and
others
into
the
House
,
that
had
been
by
Sir
Charles
Coot
accused
of
high
Treason
:
and
that
they
had
countenanced
too
much
a
late
Petition
,
to
exclude
the
most
sober
and
conscientious
both
Ministers
and
others
by
Oaths
,
from
all
employment
and
maintenance
:
he
requested
them
,
that
by
Friday
next
they
should
Issue
out
Writs
to
fill
up
their
House
,
and
when
filled
,
should
rise
in
some
short
time
,
to
give
place
to
a
full
and
free
Paliament
.
Scot
and
Robinson
are
sent
from
the
House
to
the
General
with
their
answer
to
his
letter
.
The
General
excuseth
his
late
proceedings
in
the
City
before
the
Lord
Mayor
and
Common
Council
of
the
City
.
He
tells
them
what
he
had
written
to
the
House
touching
a
free
Parliament
:
The
City
joyfully
receives
the
news
of
a
free
Parliament
.
The
Council
of
State
write
to
him
to
desire
his
presence
with
them
:
but
he
excuseth
his
stay
in
the
City
for
some
longer
time
,
till
the
minds
of
the
Citizens
were
more
composed
.
The
City
,
and
Chief
Officers
of
his
Army
disswade
him
from
going
to
White-hall
.
The
General
is
sollicited
from
all
parts
to
admit
the
secluded
Members
.
He
admits
of
a
conference
before
him
,
of
the
sitting
with
some
of
the
secluded
Members
.
The
Officers
of
the
Army
consent
to
the
admission
of
the
secluded
Members
upon
certain
conditions
:
The
General
and
the
Officers
at
length
agree
upon
their
admission
:
and
on
the
Tuesday
morning
following
they
were
guarded
to
the
House
,
and
took
their
places
in
the
Parliament
.
Then
was
a
letter
signed
by
the
General
and
his
Chief
Officers
drawn
up
,
and
Copies
of
it
sent
to
all
the
Regiments
and
Garrisons
in
England
,
and
to
the
Commanders
in
Chief
of
the
Armies
in
England
,
Scotland
,
and
Ireland
to
acquaint
them
with
what
he
had
done
.
The
Parliament
repealed
the
Act
for
the
Council
of
State
and
the
Oath
of
Abjuration
,
and
passed
an
Act
for
another
Council
,
consisting
of
one
and
thirty
persons
,
most
of
them
men
of
integrity
,
and
well-affected
to
Kingly-government
.
Then
the
General
sends
Colonel
Fairfax
to
take
possession
of
Hull
,
and
Colonel
Overton
submits
to
his
Orders
.
The
Army
in
Scotland
were
well-satisfied
with
the
General
's
Actions
.
About
the
thirteenth
of
March
the
Parliament
abrogated
the
Engagement
appointed
formerly
to
be
taken
by
each
Member
of
Parliament
,
in
these
words
,
viz.
[
I
do
declare
and
promise
,
That
I
will
be
true
and
faithful
to
the
Common
Wealth
of
England
,
as
the
same
is
now
established
without
King
,
or
House
of
Lords
,
]
and
appointed
it
should
be
taken
off
the
file
,
and
made
Null
.
The
Common
Wealth
Faction
desire
the
General
rather
to
take
the
Government
upon
himself
,
than
to
bring
in
the
King
;
and
treat
with
him
about
it
.
The
General
refuseth
their
offer
.
Then
the
Republicans
attempt
to
make
a
mutiny
in
the
Army
.
The
long
Parliament
was
now
dissolved
.
The
King
removes
to
Breda
.
The
Council
of
State
appointed
by
the
late
Parliament
set
forth
a
Proclamation
for
the
preventing
of
tumults
.
Lambert
escape's
out
of
the
Tower
.
Colonel
Ingoldsby
and
Colonel
Streater
march
against
Lambert
,
defeat
his
party
,
and
take
him
prisoner
.
Colonel
Lambert
,
Colonel
Cobbet
,
and
Major
Creed
,
are
sent
prisoners
to
the
Tower
.
Hereupon
several
seditious
Pamphlets
were
published
in
Print
,
and
dispersed
to
deprave
the
mindes
of
the
people
;
and
Tickets
were
thrown
into
the
Courts
of
Guard
in
the
night
to
divide
the
Souldiers
.
But
none
of
them
was
penned
with
more
virulency
and
malice
,
than
that
suppositious
paper
,
carrying
in
it's
Frontispiece
,
A
letter
from
Bruxels
,
&c.
Several
letters
were
also
sent
to
the
General
from
unknown
hands
.
Then
came
forth
a
Declaration
of
the
Nobility
and
Gentry
that
adhered
to
the
late
King
,
residing
in
and
about
the
City
of
London
.
A
new
Parliament
met
at
Westminster
,
April
25.
1660.
The
Lords
chose
the
Earl
of
Manchester
to
be
their
Speaker
;
and
the
House
of
Commons
Sir
Harbottle
Grimston
.
On
April
27.
Sir
John
Greenvil
presents
the
General
with
a
Commission
from
His
Majesty
,
to
Constitute
him
Captain
General
of
all
the
Armies
of
England
,
Scotland
,
and
Ireland
;
and
a
letter
for
the
Council
of
State
.
The
Letter
had
a
Declaration
in
it
,
which
were
both
read
in
the
House
.
After
the
reading
thereof
the
House
of
Lords
voted
,
That
according
to
the
Antient
and
fundamental
Laws
of
this
Kingdom
,
the
Government
is
,
and
ought
to
be
,
by
King
,
Lords
,
and
Commons
.
The
Officers
of
the
Army
present
an
Address
to
the
General
in
compliance
with
His
Majestie
's
Letter
and
Declaration
:
it
is
read
by
the
Commons
,
and
approved
.
Commissary
Clarges
is
appointed
by
the
General
to
wait
upon
the
King
with
this
Address
.
Six
of
the
Lords
and
of
the
Commons
,
and
divers
Aldermen
,
and
divers
Episcopal
and
Presbyterial
Divines
,
and
some
other
eminent
Citizens
are
sent
to
attend
on
his
Majesty
at
Breda
.
His
Majestie
's
Letter
and
Declaration
to
the
Fleet
,
by
the
diligence
of
General
Mountague
,
had
the
same
success
there
,
as
that
in
the
Army
,
being
gratefully
received
by
all
the
Commanders
in
the
Fleet.
Three
days
after
,
the
Lords
and
Commons
having
agreed
upon
a
Proclamation
to
that
purpose
,
His
Majesty
was
Proclaimed
with
great
solemnity
in
the
Cities
of
London
and
Westminster
,
the
Lords
and
Commons
,
and
the
Lord
Mayor
and
Aldermen
of
London
being
present
.
Mr.
Clarges
carrieth
the
happy
tidings
hereof
with
a
Letter
from
the
General
to
His
Majesty
at
Breda
.
Thereupon
M.
Clarges
is
Knighted
by
His
Majesty
.
The
Parliament's
and
Cities
Commissioners
have
their
audience
from
His
Majesty
at
the
Hague
.
The
King
afterwards
landed
at
Dover
with
the
Dukes
of
York
and
of
Glocester
,
and
many
Noblemen
and
Gentlemen
.
There
the
General
met
him
,
upon
whose
motion
for
His
going
to
Canterbury
,
the
King
hastned
to
His
Coach
,
in
His
passage
to
which
he
was
met
by
the
Mayor
and
Aldermen
of
the
Town
,
with
Mr.
Reading
the
Minister
,
who
presented
His
Majesty
with
a
large
Bible
with
Golden
Clasps
.
At
His
entrance
into
Canterbury
,
he
was
met
by
the
Mayor
and
Aldermen
,
and
Mr.
Lovelace
the
Recorder
,
who
made
an
eloquent
speech
to
Him
:
the
Mayor
also
presented
Him
with
a
Tankard
of
Massie
Gold
,
and
then
conducted
Him
to
the
Palace
,
where
He
remained
till
Monday
.
From
Canterbury
He
marcheth
magnificently
attended
to
London
.
When
he
came
to
S.
George's
fields
,
the
Lord
Mayor
and
Aldermen
on
their
Knees
Reverenced
His
Majesty
,
and
the
Lord
Mayor
presented
His
Sword
unto
Him
,
which
His
Majesty
gave
back
to
him
:
from
thence
He
was
in
a
Triumphant
and
Glorious
manner
attended
and
conducted
through
the
City
of
London
to
White-hall
,
On
May
29.
1660.
being
His
birth-day
.
The
Lord
Mayor
having
taken
leave
of
Him
,
He
went
to
the
Lords
,
where
He
was
entertained
with
a
grave
and
eloquent
speech
of
the
Earl
of
Manchester
;
and
from
thence
to
the
Banquetting-house
,
where
the
whole
House
of
Commons
attending
Him
,
the
Speaker
in
their
names
expressed
the
joyful
sence
they
all
had
to
behold
His
Majesty
return'd
in
safety
,
and
thereby
an
end
was
put
to
that
Tyranny
and
Slavery
His
good
people
had
endured
.
His
Majesty
in
brief
expresseth
his
gracious
intentions
to
them
.
Then
His
Majesty
gave
thanks
to
God
in
His
Presence
chamber
,
for
all
His
deliverances
and
mercies
toward
him
.
May
31.
He
sets
forth
a
Proclamation
against
debauchery
and
profaneness
.
The
Chief
Officers
of
State
,
and
of
the
King's
Houshold
,
and
the
Lords
of
His
Majestie
's
Privy
Council
,
are
constituted
.
The
Commons
set
upon
the
Act
of
General
Pardon
.
On
June
4.
the
Oaths
of
Supremacy
and
Allegiance
were
taken
by
both
Houses
of
Parliament
,
the
King's
Servants
,
and
Officers
of
His
Houshold
.
His
Majestie
's
arrival
is
congratulated
by
the
People
from
all
parts
of
the
Nation
,
and
by
several
of
the
Nobility
and
Gentry
both
of
Scotland
and
Ireland
.
The
King
on
July
5.
is
magnificently
entertained
with
the
Dukes
of
York
and
Glocester
,
the
Lords
of
the
Privy-council
,
the
two
Houses
of
Parliament
,
and
the
Chief-officers
of
State
,
by
the
Lord
Mayor
and
the
Grandees
of
the
City
.
General
Monk
was
created
Duke
of
Albemarle
,
General
Mountague
made
Earl
of
Sandwich
,
and
the
Marquess
of
Ormond
made
Duke
of
Ormond
.
The
Chief
Ministers
of
State
are
constituted
in
Scotland
.
Notwithstanding
the
late
unanimous
concurrence
of
the
people
at
Edinborough
(
as
well
as
other
places
)
in
the
publick
Proclaiming
of
His
Majesty
;
yet
soon
after
there
began
to
discover
it self
a
spirit
of
discontent
among
many
Scotch
Ministers
,
some
of
the
principal
sticklers
of
the
Kirk-party
,
as
appeared
by
their
meeting
together
at
a
place
appointed
for
the
drawing
up
a
Remonstrance
concerning
things
wherein
they
thought
themselves
aggrieved
:
which
the
Committee
of
Estates
having
notice
of
,
sent
forthwith
to
apprehend
them
,
and
clapt
them
up
in
Prison
;
and
for
the
prevention
of
the
like
disturbances
for
the
future
,
set
forth
a
Proclamation
against
all
unlawful
meetings
,
and
seditious
Papers
.
The
Marquess
of
Argyle
,
notwithstanding
he
came
to
Court
with
others
of
the
Nobility
and
Gentry
of
Scotland
,
under
pretence
of
tendring
his
service
to
His
Majesty
,
yet
was
he
charged
with
high
Treason
,
and
sent
prisoner
to
the
Tower
:
and
together
with
him
were
committed
the
Marquess
of
Antrim
,
Sir
Henry
Vane
,
and
Sir
Arthur
Hazlerig
,
with
several
others
that
followed
.
Sir
Arthur
died
soon
after
of
a
Fever
in
the
Tower
.
Argyle
was
sent
back
into
Scotland
,
and
their
tried
,
condemned
,
and
beheaded
.
On
August
19.
among
other
Acts
,
an
Act
was
passed
by
the
King
and
Parliament
for
a
perpetual
Anniversary
Thanksgiving
on
May
29.
the
day
of
His
Majestie
's
Nativity
and
Restauration
.
An
Act
also
was
passed
for
a
general
Pardon
,
Indempnity
,
and
Oblivion
,
in
which
among
other
things
that
were
excepted
,
all
accounts
of
the
Revenues
of
Churches
in
Wales
and
Monmouth-shire
,
and
all
Judgements
of
discharge
,
or
Quietus
est
thereupon
had
.
This
Exception
as
to
the
Churches
in
Wales
,
was
inserted
by
the
Parliament
in
this
Act
,
upon
information
,
that
some
factious
people
had
,
in
the
time
of
the
late
usurpation
,
procured
to
themselves
an
Authority
to
Sequester
all
those
Revenues
,
upon
pretence
to
employ
them
more
equally
to
illiterate
Preachers
,
for
the
better
propagation
of
the
Gospel
in
those
parts
,
but
kept
the
greatest
part
to
their
own
use
,
leaving
most
of
the
Churches
unsupplied
.
All
offences
also
done
by
any
Popish
Priest
,
Seminary
,
or
Jesuite
,
contrary
to
the
Statute
of
the
27
Eliz.
were
excepted
.
Many
of
the
late
King's
judges
were
excepted
from
pardon
.
All
Trustees
in
a
pretended
Act
made
Anno
1649.
concerning
Tithes
appropriate
Fee-farm
rents
,
and
First-fruits
,
&c.
and
their
heirs
,
were
to
be
accomptable
for
such
of
the
same
as
had
not
been
employed
according
to
the
said
Act
:
nevertheless
,
no
Minister
or
School-master
,
or
other
person
,
for
whose
benefit
the
said
Act
was
made
,
were
to
be
accomptable
.
The
King
on
September
13.
1660.
came
to
the
House
of
Lords
,
and
signed
fourteen
private
,
and
eight
publick
Acts
,
among
which
one
was
an
Act
for
the
Confirming
and
Restoring
of
Ministers
.
This
Act
stopt
the
clamours
of
many
Ecclesiastical
Persons
that
had
defective
titles
to
their
Cures
:
and
the
goodness
of
His
Majesty
was
very
much
celebrated
by
His
consent
to
it
.
It
enacts
,
That
every
Ecclesiastical
Person
,
or
Minister
,
ordained
by
any
Ecclesiastical
Persons
before
the
twenty
fifth
of
December
last
past
,
and
was
then
in
possession
,
and
received
the
profits
,
being
in
the
King's
gift
,
or
of
His
Father
,
or
of
any
Archbishop
,
Bishop
,
Dean
and
Chapter
,
Prebend
,
Archdeacon
,
Body
Politick
or
Corporate
,
or
other
Person
,
other
than
such
hereby
restored
,
is
declared
lawful
Incumbent
.
Every
Voluntary
Resignation
of
a
Benefice
to
the
Patron
,
or
any
Pretended
Power
since
the
said
first
day
of
January
,
to
be
good
,
as
if
made
to
the
Competent
Ordinary
.
No
presentation
is
to
be
construed
to
be
an
usurpation
in
Law
,
to
the
prejudice
of
any
that
shall
have
right
to
present
.
Every
Ecclesiastical
Person
formerly
Sequestred
or
ejected
after
Lawful
presentation
and
reception
of
the
profits
,
that
hath
not
subscribed
any
petition
to
bring
the
late
King
to
Trial
;
or
by
any
Act
endeavoured
or
justified
the
murther
of
the
said
King
,
or
declared
his
judgement
against
Infant-baptism
,
by
Preaching
,
Writing
,
Printing
,
or
constant
refusal
to
Baptize
,
shall
be
restored
to
the
possession
thereof
,
at
or
before
the
twenty
fifth
day
of
December
next
ensuing
;
and
every
Ecclesiastical
person
to
be
removed
,
may
enjoy
the
profits
to
that
day
.
On
December
29.
following
,
on
which
day
the
Parliament
was
dissolved
,
32
Acts
more
were
passed
by
the
King
.
Among
which
one
was
an
Act
for
Confirmation
of
Marriages
during
the
time
of
the
late
Usurpations
.
Another
was
for
making
the
Precinct
of
Covent-garden
Parochial
.
And
an
Act
for
the
disappropriating
of
the
Rectory
appropriate
of
Preston
,
and
uniting
and
consolidating
of
the
said
Rectory
,
and
of
the
Vicarage
of
the
Church
of
Preston
,
and
for
the
assuring
of
the
Advouson
and
right
of
Patronage
of
the
same
unto
the
Master
,
Fellows
,
and
Scholars
of
Immanuel-colledge
in
Cambridge
.
And
an
Act
for
Confirmation
of
Grants
and
Leases
from
Colledges
and
Hospitals
.
Now
some
sixty
Fifth-monarchy
men
under
the
conduct
of
one
Thomas
Venner
,
a
Cooper
,
broke
forth
into
Rebellion
.
This
Venner
was
a
Preacher
to
a
Conventicle
of
that
opinion
in
Coleman-street
in
London
.
Such
was
the
madness
of
these
men
,
that
they
believed
,
that
They
and
the
rest
of
their
judgement
were
called
by
God
to
reform
the
world
,
and
make
all
the
earthly
powers
(
which
they
called
Babylon
)
subservient
to
the
Kingdom
of
Jesus
:
and
in
Order
thereunto
never
to
sheath
their
swords
,
till
the
carnal
powers
of
the
world
were
subdued
.
They
were
taught
and
believed
,
that
one
of
them
should
subdue
a
Thousand
,
making
account
when
they
had
done
their
work
in
England
,
to
go
into
France
,
Spain
,
Germany
,
and
other
parts
of
the
world
,
there
to
prosecute
their
pretended
holy
design
.
The
place
where
they
plotted
and
continued
their
conspiracy
was
the
meeting-place
for
their
devotion
,
and
thither
they
had
at
several
times
convayed
arms
.
On
Sunday
January
6.
which
was
the
day
before
their
excursion
,
they
were
very
late
at
their
Assembly
,
which
made
one
Martin
,
the
Landlord
of
the
House
,
inquisitive
after
their
doings
.
He
peeping
through
a
chink
in
their
door
,
saw
them
arming
themselves
with
Back
,
breast
,
and
head-piece
,
and
thereupon
immediately
gave
notice
to
the
next
Officers
.
Half
an
hour
after
they
came
down
,
and
first
marched
to
S.
Thomas
the
Apostle
,
to
call
some
of
their
party
,
from
thence
to
Bishops-gate
,
and
after
to
White-cross-street
.
They
escaped
to
S.
John's
Wood
,
and
from
thence
to
Cane-wood
,
betwixt
High-gate
and
Hampsted
.
On
Wednesday
morning
the
Rebels
came
again
into
London
,
and
divided
themselves
into
two
parties
,
one
whereof
about
five
or
six
in
the
morning
appeared
about
Leaden-hall
,
and
from
thence
marched
to
little
East-cheap
,
where
they
fought
desperately
,
but
were
dispersed
by
the
trained
bands
.
Venner
,
and
another
party
came
to
my
Lord
Mayor's
house
,
thinking
to
have
taken
him
Prisoner
,
but
missing
him
they
marched
into
Woodstreet
,
where
Colonel
Corbet
and
nine
of
his
party
charged
through
the
Rebels
,
and
broke
them
.
They
fought
with
admirable
courage
,
and
if
they
had
not
been
hindred
from
encreasing
their
numbers
,
a
Thousand
men
so
resolved
might
have
done
much
mischief
.
Venner
himself
was
much
wounded
before
he
was
taken
,
and
about
five
or
six
were
killed
that
refused
quarter
.
About
eight
or
ten
dayes
after
Venner
with
about
sixteen
or
seventeen
of
the
most
notorious
,
were
arraigned
at
Justice-hall
in
the
old
Baily
,
found
guilty
and
executed
in
several
parts
of
London
.
About
this
time
there
was
a
conference
at
the
Savoy
between
divers
Episcopal
and
Presbyterian
Divines
about
the
Church
discipline
,
but
to
little
effect
.
A
new
Parliament
was
called
,
which
assembled
at
Westminster
,
May
8.
1661.
In
the
first
Session
whereof
an
Act
was
passed
,
Entitled
,
An
Act
for
disenabling
all
Persons
in
Holy
Orders
to
exercise
any
temporal
jurisdiction
or
Authority
,
Repealed
.
The
Bishops
were
brought
to
sit
again
as
Peers
in
the
House
of
Lords
,
and
their
Ecclesiastical
jurisdiction
restored
to
them
.
The
Parliament
explained
a
clause
contained
in
an
Act
of
Parliament
,
made
in
the
seventeenth
year
of
King
Charles
the
first
,
Entitled
,
An
Act
for
Repeal
of
a
branch
of
a
Statute
Primo
Elizabethae
,
concerning
Commissioners
for
causes
Ecclesiastical
.
At
the
second
Session
of
this
Parliament
,
an
Act
was
made
against
Quakers
,
and
others
,
denying
to
take
a
Lawful
Oath
,
with
several
penalties
to
be
inflicted
on
them
for
several
offences
.
An
Act
was
also
passed
for
Uniformity
of
publick
Prayers
,
and
Administration
of
Sacraments
,
and
other
Rites
and
Ceremonies
;
and
of
ordering
,
and
consecrating
Bishops
,
Priests
and
Deacons
in
the
Church
of
England
.
The
King's
Majesty
according
to
his
Declaration
of
the
25th
of
October
1660.
had
granted
his
Commission
under
the
Great
Seal
of
England
,
to
several
Bishops
and
other
Divines
,
to
review
the
Book
of
Common-Prayer
,
and
to
prepare
such
additions
and
alterations
,
as
they
thought
fit
to
offer
.
And
afterwards
the
Convocations
of
both
the
Provinces
of
Canterbury
and
York
,
being
by
His
Majesty
called
and
assembled
;
His
Majesty
was
pleased
to
Authorize
and
require
the
Presidents
of
the
said
Congregation
,
and
other
the
Bishops
and
Clergy
of
the
same
,
to
review
the
said
Book
of
Common-Prayer
,
and
the
Book
of
the
Form
and
manner
of
making
and
Consecrating
of
Bishops
,
Priests
,
and
Deacons
,
&c.
Since
which
time
upon
full
and
mature
deliberation
,
they
the
said
Presidents
,
Bishops
,
and
Clergy
of
both
Provinces
having
accordingly
reviewed
the
same
Books
,
and
made
some
alterations
which
they
thought
fit
to
be
inserted
to
the
same
;
and
some
additional
Prayers
to
be
used
upon
proper
and
emergent
occasions
;
and
having
presented
the
same
unto
His
Majesty
in
Writing
,
in
one
Book
,
entitled
,
The
Book
of
Common-Prayer
,
and
other
Rites
and
Ceremonies
of
the
Church
,
according
to
the
use
of
the
Church
of
England
,
together
with
the
Psalter
or
Psalms
of
David
,
pointed
as
they
are
to
be
sung
or
said
in
Churches
;
and
the
form
and
manner
of
making
,
Ordaining
,
and
Consecrating
of
Bishops
,
Priests
,
and
Deacons
.
All
which
His
Majesty
having
duly
considered
,
fully
approved
and
allowed
the
same
,
and
recommended
to
this
present
Parliament
(
then
sitting
and
yet
continuing
to
sit
)
that
the
said
Book
of
Common-Prayer
,
&c.
be
the
Book
which
shall
be
appointed
to
be
used
by
all
that
officiate
in
all
Cathedral
and
Collegiate
Churches
and
Chappels
,
and
in
all
Chappels
,
or
Colledges
and
Halls
in
both
the
Universities
,
and
the
Colledges
of
Eaton
and
Winchester
,
and
in
all
Parish-Churches
and
Chappels
within
the
Kingdom
of
England
,
Dominion
of
Wales
,
and
Town
of
Berwick
upon
Tweed
,
and
by
all
that
make
,
or
consecrate
Bishops
,
Priests
,
or
Deacons
,
in
any
of
the
said
places
under
such
sanctions
and
penalties
as
the
Houses
of
Parliament
shall
think
fit
.
And
accordingly
it
was
Enacted
by
the
King's
Majesty
and
both
Houses
of
Parliament
,
That
Morning
and
Evening
Prayers
in
the
said
Book
contained
,
should
upon
every
Lord's
day
,
and
upon
all
other
days
and
occasions
,
and
at
the
times
therein
appointed
,
be
openly
and
solemnly
read
by
all
and
every
Minister
and
Curate
,
in
every
Church
,
Chappel
,
or
other
place
of
publick
worship
within
this
Realm
of
England
,
and
places
aforesaid
.
It
was
also
Enacted
by
the
Authority
aforesaid
,
That
every
Parson
,
Vicar
,
or
other
Minister
whatsoever
,
who
then
had
and
enjoyed
any
Ecclesiastical
Benefice
,
or
Promottion
,
within
this
Realm
of
England
,
&c.
should
in
the
Church
,
Chappel
,
or
place
of
publick
worship
belonging
to
his
said
Benefice
or
Promotion
,
upon
some
Lord's
day
before
the
Feast
of
St.
Bartholomew
,
which
should
be
in
the
year
of
our
Lord
God
,
one
thousand
six
hundred
sixty
two
,
openly
,
publickly
,
and
solemnly
read
the
Morning
and
Evening
Prayer
,
appointed
to
be
read
by
and
according
to
the
said
Book
of
Common-Prayer
,
at
the
times
thereby
appointed
,
and
after
such
reading
thereof
,
openly
and
publickly
before
the
Congregation
there
assembled
,
declare
his
unfeigned
Assent
and
Consent
to
the
use
of
all
things
in
the
said
Book
contained
and
prescribed
,
in
these
words
and
no
other
.
I
A.
B.
do
here
declare
my
unfeigned
Assent
and
Consent
to
all
and
every
thing
contained
,
and
prescribed
in
,
and
by
the
Book
entitled
,
The
Book
of
Common
Prayer
and
Administration
of
the
Sacraments
,
and
other
Rites
and
Ceremonies
of
the
Church
,
according
to
the
use
of
the
Church
of
England
,
together
with
the
Psalter
,
or
Psalmes
of
David
,
pointed
as
they
are
to
be
sung
or
said
in
Churches
;
and
the
form
or
manner
of
making
,
Ordaining
and
Consecrating
of
Bishops
,
Priests
,
and
Deacons
.
And
that
all
and
every
such
Person
,
who
should
(
without
some
lawful
impediment
to
be
allowed
and
approved
of
by
the
Ordinary
of
the
place
)
neglect
or
refuse
to
do
the
same
within
the
time
aforesaid
,
&c.
should
within
one
moneth
be
deprived
,
ipso
facto
,
of
his
spiritual
promotions
:
and
that
thenceforth
it
should
be
lawful
to
and
for
all
Patrons
,
and
Donors
of
all
and
singular
the
said
spiritual
Promotions
,
or
of
any
of
them
,
according
to
their
respective
Rights
and
Titles
,
to
present
,
or
collate
to
the
same
,
as
though
the
person
or
persons
so
offending
were
dead
.
And
it
was
further
Enacted
,
That
every
Person
henceforth
to
be
promoted
to
any
Ecclesiastical
Benefice
,
should
read
the
Common-Prayer
,
and
declare
his
Assent
and
Consent
thereto
within
two
moneths
next
after
that
he
shall
be
in
actual
possession
of
the
said
Ecclesiastical
Benefice
or
Promotion
:
and
upon
neglect
or
refusal
to
be
deprived
as
aforesaid
.
And
that
Incumbents
of
Livings
,
keeping
Curates
,
shall
read
the
same
once
every
moneth
,
upon
pain
to
forfeit
the
sum
of
five
pounds
to
the
use
of
the
poor
of
the
Parish
for
every
offence
.
It
was
also
Enacted
,
That
every
Dean
,
Canon
,
and
Prebendary
of
every
Cathedral
,
or
Collegiate
Church
,
and
all
Masters
and
other
Heads
,
Fellows
,
Chaplains
and
Tutors
of
,
or
in
any
Colledge
,
Hall
,
Hospital
:
and
every
publick
Professor
and
Reader
in
either
of
the
Universities
,
and
in
every
Colledge
else-where
;
and
every
Parson
,
Vicar
,
Curate
,
Lecturer
,
&c.
and
every
School-master
keeping
any
publick
or
private
School
;
and
every
person
instructing
or
teaching
any
youth
in
any
House
or
private
family
,
as
a
Tutor
or
School-master
,
&c.
should
before
the
Feast
of
St.
Bartholomew
in
the
year
aforesaid
,
subscribe
the
Declaration
following
,
scilicet
.
I
A.
B.
do
declare
,
that
it
is
not
lawful
upon
any
pretence
whatsoever
,
to
take
up
Arms
against
the
King
:
and
that
I
do
abhor
that
traiterous
position
of
taking
Arms
by
his
Authority
against
his
person
;
or
against
those
that
are
Commissioned
by
him
:
and
that
I
will
conform
to
the
Liturgy
of
the
Church
of
England
,
as
it
is
now
by
Law
established
:
and
I
do
declare
,
that
there
lies
no
obligation
upon
me
,
or
on
any
other
person
,
from
the
Oath
commonly
called
the
Solemn
League
and
Covenant
,
to
endeavour
any
change
or
alteration
of
Government
either
in
Church
or
State
:
and
that
the
same
was
in
it self
an
unlawful
Oath
,
and
imposed
upon
the
Subjects
of
this
Realm
against
the
known
Laws
and
liberties
of
this
Kingdom
.
The
penalty
for
failing
in
subscribing
,
was
for
Deans
,
Vicars
,
School-masters
to
be
deprived
of
their
Ecclesiastical
promotions
,
Schools
and
Lectures
to
be
void
,
as
if
such
person
so
failing
were
naturally
dead
.
Provided
always
,
That
from
and
after
the
25th
day
of
March
,
which
shall
be
in
the
year
of
our
Lord
God
,
1682.
there
shall
be
omitted
in
the
said
declaration
so
to
be
subscribed
,
and
read
(
it
being
enjoyned
to
be
openly
and
publickly
read
by
every
Minister
,
&c.
upon
some
Lords
day
within
three
moneths
after
his
subscription
in
the
presence
of
the
Congregation
there
assembled
)
these
words
following
,
scil.
And
I
do
declare
,
that
I
do
hold
,
there
lies
no
obligation
upon
me
,
or
on
any
other
person
,
from
the
Oath
commonly
called
the
Solemn
League
and
Covenant
,
to
endeavour
any
change
or
alteration
of
Government
either
in
Church
or
State
,
and
that
the
same
was
in
it self
an
unlawful
Oath
,
and
imposed
upon
the
Subjects
of
this
Realm
against
the
known
Laws
and
liberties
thereof
.
So
as
none
of
the
persons
aforesaid
,
shall
from
thenceforth
be
at
all
obliged
to
subscribe
,
or
read
any
part
of
the
said
declaration
or
acknowledgement
.
It
was
further
Enacted
,
That
persons
not
ordained
Priests
or
Deacons
,
according
to
Episcopal
ordination
,
shall
not
hold
any
Ecclesiastical
promotion
:
nor
shall
consecrate
and
administer
the
holy
Sacrament
of
the
Lord's
Supper
,
upon
pain
to
forfeit
for
every
offence
the
sum
of
one
hundred
pounds
;
one
moyety
thereof
to
the
King
,
the
other
moyety
thereof
to
be
equally
divided
between
the
poor
of
the
Parish
where
the
offence
shall
be
committed
.
It
was
also
Enacted
,
That
no
other
Form
,
or
Order
of
Common-Prayers
,
Administration
of
Sacraments
,
Rites
or
Ceremonies
should
be
used
openly
in
any
Church
,
Chappel
,
or
publick
place
:
And
it
was
further
Enacted
,
That
if
any
person
who
is
by
this
Act
disabled
to
Preach
any
Lecture
or
Sermon
,
shall
,
during
the
time
that
he
shall
continue
and
remain
so
disabled
,
Preach
any
Sermon
or
Lecture
,
that
then
for
every
such
offence
,
the
Person
and
Persons
so
offending
shall
suffer
three
moneths
imprisonment
in
the
common
Goal
,
without
Bayl
or
Mainprize
.
It
was
also
Provided
,
That
at
all
and
every
time
and
times
when
any
Sermon
or
Lecture
is
to
be
Preached
,
the
Common-Prayers
and
Service
,
in
and
by
the
said
Book
appointed
to
be
read
for
that
time
of
the
day
,
shall
be
openly
,
publickly
,
and
solemnly
read
by
some
Priest
or
Deacon
,
in
the
Church
,
Chappel
,
or
place
of
publick
worship
,
where
the
said
Sermon
or
Lecture
is
to
be
Preached
:
and
that
the
Lecturer
then
to
Preach
shall
be
present
at
the
reading
thereof
.
It
was
further
Enacted
,
That
the
Laws
and
Statutes
formerly
made
for
Uniformity
of
Common-Prayer
should
continue
to
be
in
force
,
and
to
be
executed
for
punishing
offendors
against
this
Law
.
Hereupon
many
hundred
Ministers
,
with
divers
Lecturers
and
School-masters
,
left
their
places
,
refusing
to
conform
.
Another
Act
was
also
passed
for
restoring
of
all
such
Advousons
,
Rectories
,
Impropriate
Glebe-lands
and
Tithes
to
his
Majesties
loyal
Subjects
as
were
taken
from
them
,
and
making
void
certain
charges
imposed
on
them
,
upon
their
compositions
for
delinquency
by
the
late
usurped
Power
.
Another
Act
was
passed
for
preventing
Abuses
,
in
printing
Seditious
,
Treasonable
,
and
Unlicensed
Books
and
Pamphlets
,
and
for
regulating
of
Printing
,
and
Printing-presses
.
Pamphlets
and
Books
prohibited
to
be
Printed
,
Published
,
or
Sold
,
were
Heretical
,
Seditious
or
Shismatical
Books
or
Pamphlets
;
wherein
any
Christian
Doctrine
or
Opinion
shall
be
asserted
or
maintained
which
is
contrary
to
Christian
Faith
,
or
to
the
Doctrine
or
Discipline
of
the
Church
of
England
;
or
which
shall
or
may
tend
,
or
be
to
the
scandal
of
Religion
,
or
the
Government
or
Governours
of
the
Church
,
State
,
or
Common-wealth
,
or
of
any
Corporation
,
or
particular
person
,
or
persons
whatsoever
:
none
shall
import
,
publish
,
sell
,
or
dispose
any
such
Book
or
Books
,
or
Pamphlets
;
nor
shall
cause
or
procure
any
such
to
be
published
or
put
to
sale
,
or
to
be
bound
,
stitched
or
sewed
together
.
In
the
fifteenth
year
of
his
Majestie
's
Reign
,
an
Act
was
passed
for
relief
of
such
persons
,
as
by
Sickness
,
or
other
Impediment
,
were
disabled
from
subscribing
the
Declaration
in
the
Act
of
Uniformity
,
and
explanation
of
part
of
the
said
Act.
In
the
sixteenth
year
of
his
Majestie
's
Reign
,
an
Act
was
passed
for
suppression
of
Seditious
Conventicles
,
under
pretence
of
exercise
of
Religion
.
Wherein
it
was
Enacted
,
That
if
any
person
being
of
the
age
of
sixteen
years
and
upwards
,
being
a
Subject
of
this
Realm
,
at
any
time
after
the
first
day
of
July
1664.
shall
be
present
at
any
Assembly
,
Conventicle
,
or
Meeting
,
under
colour
or
pretence
of
any
exercise
of
Religion
,
in
any
other
manner
than
is
allowed
by
the
Liturgy
or
practice
of
the
Church
of
England
,
in
any
place
within
the
Kingdom
of
England
,
Dominion
of
Wales
,
&c.
at
which
Conventicle
,
Meeting
,
or
Assembly
,
there
shall
be
five
persons
or
more
assembled
together
,
over
and
above
those
of
the
same
Houshold
:
then
it
shall
and
may
be
lawful
to
,
and
for
any
two
Justices
of
the
Peace
of
the
County
,
limit
,
division
,
or
liberty
wherein
the
said
offence
aforesaid
shall
be
committed
,
&c.
and
they
are
hereby
required
and
enjoyned
upon
proof
to
him
or
them
respectively
made
of
such
offence
,
either
by
confession
of
the
party
,
or
Oath
of
witness
,
or
notorious
evidence
of
the
fact
,
to
make
a
Record
of
every
such
offence
under
their
hands
and
seals
respectively
.
And
that
thereupon
the
said
Justices
,
&c.
shall
commit
every
such
offender
so
convicted
,
as
aforesaid
,
to
the
Gaol
,
or
house
of
Correction
,
there
to
remain
for
three
moneths
without
Bayl
or
Mainprize
,
unless
the
said
offender
shall
pay
down
to
the
said
Justices
or
chief
Magistrate
such
sum
of
money
not
exceeding
five
pounds
,
as
the
said
Justices
or
Chief-magistrate
(
who
are
hereby
thereunto
authorized
and
required
)
shall
fine
the
said
offender
at
,
for
his
or
her
said
offence
:
which
money
shall
be
paid
to
the
Church-wardens
,
for
the
relief
of
the
poor
of
the
Parish
,
where
such
offender
did
last
inhabit
.
Upon
every
second
offence
the
offender
to
be
imprisoned
six
moneths
,
and
to
be
fined
ten
pounds
.
And
upon
the
third
offence
,
the
offender
to
be
transplanted
beyond
the
Seas
to
any
of
his
Majesties
Forreign
Plantations
(
Virginia
and
New
England
onely
excepted
)
there
to
remain
seven
years
.
It
was
further
Enacted
,
That
the
Lieutennants
,
or
Deputy-lieutennants
,
or
any
Commissioned
Officers
of
the
Militia
,
or
any
other
of
his
Majestie
's
Forces
,
with
such
Troops
,
or
Companies
of
Horse
and
Foot
:
and
also
the
Sheriffs
,
Justices
of
Peace
,
and
other
Magistrates
and
Ministers
of
Justice
,
or
any
of
them
joyntly
or
severally
,
within
any
of
the
Counties
or
places
within
this
Kingdom
of
England
Dominion
of
Wales
,
&c.
shall
repair
unto
the
place
where
such
Conventicles
are
held
,
and
by
the
best
means
they
can
,
shall
dissolve
,
and
dissipate
,
or
prevent
all
such
unlawful
meetings
,
and
take
into
their
custody
such
of
those
persons
so
unlawfully
assembled
,
as
they
shall
judge
to
be
the
leaders
and
seducers
of
the
rest
,
and
such
others
as
they
shall
think
fit
to
be
proceeded
against
according
to
Law
for
such
offences
.
Every
person
who
shall
willingly
suffer
any
such
Conventicle
,
to
be
held
in
his
or
her
house
,
out-house
,
barn
,
yard
,
&c.
shall
incur
the
same
penalties
and
forfeitures
,
as
any
other
offender
against
this
Act
ought
to
be
proceeded
against
.
In
the
seventeenth
year
of
His
Majestie
's
Reign
,
an
Act
was
passed
for
restraining
Non-conformists
from
inhabiting
in
Corporations
.
Herein
it
was
Enacted
,
That
all
Parsons
,
Vicars
,
Curates
,
Lecturers
,
and
other
persons
in
holy
Orders
,
or
pretended
holy
Orders
,
&c.
who
have
not
declared
their
unfeigned
assent
and
consent
as
aforesaid
,
and
subscribed
the
Declaration
aforesaid
,
and
shall
not
take
and
subscribe
the
Oath
following
.
I
A.
B.
do
swear
,
that
it
is
not
lawful
upon
any
pretence
whatsoever
,
to
take
Armes
against
the
King
;
and
that
I
do
abhor
that
traiterous
position
of
taking
Armes
by
his
Authority
against
his
person
,
or
against
those
that
are
Commissioned
by
him
,
in
pursuance
of
such
Commissions
:
And
that
I
will
not
endeavour
at
any
time
any
alteration
of
Government
,
either
in
Church
or
State
.
And
all
such
persons
,
as
shall
take
upon
them
to
Preach
in
any
unlawfull
Assembly
,
Conventicle
,
or
Meeting
,
under
colour
or
pretence
of
any
exercise
of
Religion
,
contrary
to
the
the
Lawes
and
Statutes
of
this
Kingdom
,
shall
not
at
any
time
from
and
after
the
24th
of
March
1665.
unless
onely
in
passing
upon
the
Road
,
come
or
be
within
five
miles
of
any
City
,
or
Town
Corporate
,
or
Borough
,
that
sends
Burgesses
to
the
Parliament
,
within
His
Majesties
Kingdom
of
England
,
Principality
of
Wales
,
&c.
or
within
five
miles
of
any
Parish
,
Town
,
or
Place
,
wherein
He
or
They
have
been
,
since
the
Act
of
Oblivion
,
Parson
,
Vicar
,
Curate
,
Lecturer
,
&c.
or
taken
upon
them
to
Preach
in
any
unlawful
Assembly
,
&c.
under
colour
or
pretence
of
any
exercise
of
Religion
,
&c.
before
He
or
They
have
subscribed
or
taken
the
Oath
aforesaid
before
the
Justices
of
the
Peace
at
their
quarter
Sessions
to
be
holden
for
the
County
or
division
next
unto
the
said
Corporation
,
City
or
Borough
,
place
or
Town
,
in
open
Court
(
which
said
Oath
the
said
Justices
are
thereby
impowred
there
to
administer
)
upon
forfeiture
for
every
such
offence
the
sum
of
forty
pounds
of
lawful
English
money
:
the
one
third
part
to
his
Majesty
and
his
Successors
;
the
other
third
part
to
the
use
of
the
poor
of
the
Parish
,
where
the
offence
shall
be
committed
;
and
the
other
third
part
thereof
to
such
person
or
persons
as
shall
or
will
sue
for
the
same
by
Action
of
Debt
,
Plaint
,
Bill
,
or
Information
,
in
any
Court
of
Record
at
Westminster
,
or
before
any
Justices
of
Assize
,
Oyer
and
Terminer
,
or
Gaol-delivery
,
&c.
Provided
also
,
That
it
shall
not
be
lawful
for
any
person
or
persons
restrained
from
coming
to
any
City
,
Town
Corporate
,
Borough
,
&c.
or
for
any
other
person
or
persons
as
shall
not
first
take
and
subscribe
the
said
Oath
,
and
as
shall
not
frequent
Divine
Service
established
by
the
Laws
of
this
Kingdom
,
and
carry
him
or
her self
reverently
,
decently
and
orderly
there
,
to
teach
any
publick
or
private
School
,
or
take
any
Boarders
or
Tablers
that
are
taught
or
instructed
by
him
or
her self
,
or
any
other
,
upon
pain
for
every
such
offence
to
forfeit
the
sum
of
forty
pounds
,
to
be
recovered
and
distributed
as
aforesaid
.
The
offender
also
to
be
committed
for
six
moneths
to
prison
,
by
two
Justices
of
the
Peace
of
the
respective
County
,
without
Bayl
or
Mainprize
,
unless
upon
or
before
such
commitment
,
he
shall
,
before
the
said
Justices
of
the
Peace
,
swear
and
subscribe
the
aforesaid
Oath
and
Declaration
.
An
Act
was
also
passed
for
uniting
Churches
in
Cities
and
Towns
Corporate
;
which
was
judged
necessary
by
reason
of
the
great
ruine
of
many
Churches
and
Parishes
in
the
late
ill
times
,
and
otherwise
.
The
Parishes
to
remain
distinct
as
to
all
Rates
,
Taxes
,
Parochial
rights
,
charges
and
duties
,
and
all
other
Priviledges
,
Liberties
,
and
respects
whatsoever
,
notwithstanding
any
such
union
to
be
made
by
vertue
hereof
.
It
was
Enacted
,
That
the
Patrons
of
such
Churches
and
Chappels
so
united
,
shall
present
by
turns
onely
to
that
Church
which
shall
remain
and
be
presentative
from
time
to
time
,
&c.
Provided
,
That
Parishes
having
an
hundred
pounds
maintenance
per
Annum
,
may
not
be
united
.
Incumbents
of
such
united
Parishes
must
be
Graduates
in
some
University
.
Owners
of
Impropriations
may
bestow
and
annex
maintenance
to
the
Churches
where
they
lye
,
and
settle
it
in
trust
for
the
benefit
of
the
said
Parsonage
or
Vicarage
,
without
any
license
of
Mortmain
.
It
was
further
Enacted
,
That
if
the
setled
maintenance
of
such
Parsonage
,
Vicarage
,
Churches
and
Chappels
so
united
,
&c.
shall
not
amount
to
the
full
sum
of
one
hundred
pounds
per
Annum
,
clear
and
above
all
charges
and
reprizes
,
that
then
it
shall
be
lawful
for
the
Parson
,
Vicar
and
Incumbent
of
the
same
,
and
his
Successors
,
to
take
,
receive
,
and
purchase
to
him
and
his
Successors
,
Lands
,
Tenements
,
Rents
,
Tithes
,
or
other
Hereditaments
,
without
any
license
of
Mortmain
;
any
Law
or
Statute
to
the
contrary
notwithstanding
.
This
year
1665.
was
a
great
Plague
in
London
and
in
the
Suburbs
thereof
;
of
which
there
died
above
an
hundred
thousand
persons
.
Anno
1666.
On
September
2d
.
a
Great
●ire
arose
in
London
,
which
consumed
a
great
part
of
the
City
,
whereby
her
beauty
was
defaced
,
and
her
glory
stained
:
yea
the
Houses
of
God
themselves
became
a
heap
of
ruines
,
and
a
sad
spectacle
of
desolation
.
The
Citizens
had
not
been
long
returned
to
their
Houses
which
the
late
devouring
Plague
had
driven
them
from
,
but
now
the
fire
swalloweth
up
all
their
habitations
:
and
they
that
had
so
lately
escaped
the
grave
,
do
now
see
the
City
it self
(
as
it
were
)
buried
in
it's
own
ruines
.
In
October
1667.
a
Judicature
was
erected
for
determination
of
differences
,
touching
Houses
burned
or
demolished
,
by
reason
of
the
late
fire
which
hapned
in
London
.
An
Act
was
passed
for
Re-building
the
City
of
London
.
And
that
the
said
Citizens
and
their
Successors
for
all
the
time
to
come
,
may
retain
the
memorial
of
so
sad
a
desolation
,
and
reflect
seriously
upon
their
manifold
iniquities
,
which
are
the
unhappy
causes
of
such
Judgments
.
It
was
Enacted
,
That
the
second
of
September
(
unless
the
same
happen
to
be
the
Lord's
day
,
and
it
so
,
then
the
next
day
following
)
be
yearly
for
ever
hereafter
observed
,
as
a
day
of
publick
Fasting
and
Humiliation
within
the
said
City
and
Liberties
thereof
,
to
implore
the
mercies
of
Almighty
God
upon
the
said
City
,
to
make
devout
Prayer
and
Supplication
unto
him
,
to
divert
the
like
calamity
for
the
time
to
come
.
And
the
better
to
preserve
the
memory
of
this
dreadful
visitation
;
It
was
further
Enacted
,
That
a
Column
,
or
Pillar
of
Brass
,
or
Stone
,
be
erected
on
,
or
as
near
unto
the
place
where
the
said
Fire
so
unhappily
began
,
as
conveniently
may
be
,
in
perpetual
remembrance
thereof
,
with
such
Inscription
thereon
,
as
hereafter
by
the
Mayor
and
Court
of
Aldermen
be
directed
.
It
was
also
further
Enacted
,
That
the
Parish-churches
to
be
Re-builded
within
the
said
City
of
London
,
in
lieu
of
those
which
were
demolished
by
the
late
fire
,
should
not
exceed
the
number
of
thirty
nine
,
to
be
set
out
and
appointed
by
and
with
the
advice
and
consent
of
the
Lord
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
and
Bishop
of
London
for
the
time
being
.
It
was
also
Provided
,
That
the
Sites
and
Materials
of
such
Churches
as
by
this
Bill
are
not
to
be
rebuilt
,
together
with
the
Church-yards
belonging
to
such
Churches
,
shall
be
,
and
are
hereby
vested
in
the
Lord
Mayor
and
Aldermen
of
the
City
of
London
,
for
the
time
being
,
to
the
end
so
much
of
the
said
ground
,
as
shall
not
,
upon
the
re-building
of
the
said
City
,
be
laid
into
the
Streets
,
be
sold
and
disposed
of
by
the
Lord
Mayor
and
Aldermen
,
or
the
Major
part
of
them
,
with
the
consent
of
the
said
Archbishop
and
Bishop
of
London
for
the
time
being
:
and
the
money
raised
by
such
sale
,
shall
be
,
by
the
said
Mayor
and
Aldermen
,
or
the
major
part
of
them
,
with
the
consent
of
the
said
Archbishop
and
Bishop
,
disposed
of
,
and
employed
for
and
towards
the
rebuilding
of
such
Parish-Churches
as
by
this
Act
are
intended
to
be
rebuilt
,
and
for
no
other
use
or
purpose
whatsoever
.
Provided
always
,
That
any
thing
in
this
Act
contained
,
shall
not
extend
,
or
be
taken
to
vest
,
or
settle
the
Church
of
St.
Pauls
,
and
St.
Faiths
,
or
any
part
thereof
,
or
the
Church
of
St.
Gregory
by
St.
Pauls
,
or
any
of
them
,
or
the
Church-yards
to
any
of
them
belonging
or
appertaining
,
in
the
Mayor
,
Aldermen
,
and
Commons
of
the
City
of
London
,
or
any
of
them
,
any
thing
in
this
Act
notwithstanding
.
An
additional
Act
was
also
made
for
the
rebuilding
the
City
of
London
,
uniting
of
Parishes
,
and
rebuilding
of
the
Cathedral
and
Parochial
Churches
within
the
said
City
.
An
Imposition
was
charged
upon
every
Tun
or
Chaldron
of
Coales
;
and
it
was
provided
,
That
three
fourth
parts
of
all
the
moneys
,
which
from
and
after
the
first
day
of
May
1670.
and
before
the
24th
day
of
June
1677.
shall
be
raised
or
payable
upon
the
receipt
of
the
said
imposition
of
two
shillings
for
every
Chaldron
or
Tun
of
Coals
;
or
in
case
of
concealment
thereof
,
shall
be
employed
,
and
disposed
for
,
and
towards
the
rebuilding
,
erecting
or
repairing
of
the
said
Parish-Churches
respectively
,
according
to
such
order
and
direction
,
as
by
the
Lord
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
the
Lord
Bishop
,
and
Lord
Mayor
of
London
for
the
time
being
,
or
any
two
of
them
,
shall
be
given
in
that
behalf
:
and
the
same
shall
from
time
to
time
be
issued
out
,
and
paid
accordingly
unto
such
person
and
persons
,
as
they
or
any
two
of
them
shall
,
by
Warrant
under
their
hands
and
seals
for
that
purpose
,
direct
and
appoint
.
And
that
one
moyety
of
all
the
moneys
which
from
and
after
the
said
24th
day
of
June
1677.
shall
be
raised
,
or
payable
upon
the
Imposition
of
three
shillings
the
Chaldron
or
Tun
of
Coales
,
or
in
case
of
concealment
thereof
as
aforesaid
,
shall
be
employed
for
and
by
such
order
and
direction
&c.
It
was
also
Enacted
,
That
it
shall
and
may
be
lawful
for
the
Lord
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
the
Lord
Bishop
of
London
,
and
the
Lord
Mayor
for
time
being
,
&c.
to
employ
or
dispose
,
for
and
towards
the
building
,
repairing
the
Cathedral
Church
of
St.
Paul
,
one
fourth
part
of
the
money
by
this
Act
given
and
appointed
for
the
building
,
erecting
or
repairing
the
Parish-Churches
.
The
profits
of
the
impositions
may
be
engaged
to
raise
a
present
stock
of
money
,
to
any
persons
that
will
advance
any
sums
of
money
upon
that
security
.
All
which
moneys
so
to
be
borrowed
shall
be
employed
for
and
towards
the
rebuilding
,
and
erecting
or
repairing
of
the
said
Cathedral
and
Parish-Churches
respectively
according
to
the
true
intent
and
meaning
of
this
Act.
It
was
also
further
Enacted
,
That
the
number
of
Parishes
to
be
setled
,
and
of
Parish-Churches
to
be
rebuilded
within
the
said
City
of
London
,
shall
be
fifty
one
.
The
foresaid
Act
or
any
thing
therein
contained
to
the
contrary
,
notwithstanding
.
The
same
Parish-Churches
shall
be
rebuilt
according
to
the
modules
appointed
by
the
Lord
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
Lord
Bishop
and
Lord
Mayor
of
London
,
with
the
King's
approbation
.
The
Parishes
of
Alhallows
Lumbard-street
,
St.
Bartholomew-Exchange
,
St.
Brides
,
Bennet-Fink
,
St.
Michaels
Crooked-lane
,
St.
Christophers
,
St.
Dionis
Back-Church
,
St.
Dunstans
in
the
East
,
St.
James
Garlick-hithe
,
St.
Michael
Cornhil
,
St.
Bassishaw
,
St.
Margaret
Loathbury
,
St.
Mary
Aldermanbury
,
St.
Martin
Ludgate
,
St.
Peter's
Cornhil
,
St.
Stephens
Coleman-street
,
and
St.
Sepulchers
,
shall
remain
and
continue
,
as
heretofore
they
were
.
And
the
respective
Parish-Churches
to
each
of
the
said
Parishes
belonging
shall
be
rebuilded
,
and
continued
for
the
use
of
the
said
Parishes
,
and
the
other
Parishes
shall
be
respectively
united
,
two
Parishes
into
one
;
that
is
to
say
,
the
Parishes
of
Alhallows
Bred-street
,
and
St.
John
Evangelist
,
shall
be
united
into
one
Parish
,
and
the
Church
heretofore
belonging
to
the
Parish
of
Alhallows
Bred-street
,
shall
be
rebuilded
,
and
shall
be
the
Parish-Church
of
the
Parishes
so
united
.
The
Parishes
of
St.
Albans
Wood-street
,
and
St.
Olaves
Silver-street
,
shall
be
united
into
one
Parish
;
and
the
Church
heretofore
belonging
to
St.
Albans
Wood-street
,
shall
be
the
Parish-Church
of
the
said
Parishes
so
united
.
The
Parishes
of
St.
Austin's
and
St.
Faiths
,
shall
be
united
into
one
Parish
,
and
the
Church
of
St.
Austins
shall
be
the
Parish-Church
of
the
said
Parishes
so
united
.
The
like
order
is
to
be
observed
in
all
the
rest
of
the
Parish-Churches
that
are
to
be
united
.
It
was
further
Enacted
,
That
any
Plate
and
Goods
heretofore
belonging
to
any
of
the
Church-Wardens
of
any
of
the
Parishes
burnt
down
,
which
are
not
to
be
rebuilt
,
shall
be
enjoyed
by
the
Church-Wardens
of
those
and
their
successors
of
the
respective
Parishes
of
such
Churches
to
be
rebuilded
,
whereunto
the
said
other
Churches
burnt
down
,
are
united
by
this
Act.
Provided
,
That
the
Sites
of
the
Churches
to
be
demolished
,
and
the
Church-yards
belonging
to
the
same
,
shall
be
enclosed
with
Brick
or
Stone-walls
for
burial
,
for
the
Parishes
formerly
belonging
to
the
same
,
and
the
Parishes
to
which
they
are
united
〈◊〉
aforesaid
,
and
not
used
or
employed
to
any
other
purpose
whatsoever
;
excepting
such
of
the
Sites
and
Church-yards
,
or
parts
of
Sites
and
Church-yards
of
the
said
Parish-Churches
so
demolished
as
aforesaid
,
as
are
already
laid
into
the
Streets
and
Market-places
set
out
for
that
purpose
,
&c.
Notwithstanding
the
union
,
yet
the
Parishes
to
all
Rates
,
Charges
,
and
Priviledges
,
are
to
remain
distinct
.
The
present
Incumbents
of
Churches
not
to
be
rebuilded
,
shall
not
be
deprived
of
the
Tithes
,
or
other
profits
heretofore
belonging
to
their
respective
Churches
,
so
long
as
they
shall
assist
in
serving
the
Cure
;
and
other
offices
belonging
to
their
duty
in
the
Parish-Church
,
whereunto
their
respective
Parishes
shall
be
united
,
and
annexed
by
this
Act
according
direction
of
the
Ordinary
,
&c.
saving
to
the
King's
Majesty
,
his
heirs
to
the
and
successors
,
the
Tenths
and
First-fruits
of
all
such
Parish-Churishes
as
by
force
of
this
present
Act
shall
be
united
and
consolidated
,
&c.
Yet
the
said
Parsons
and
Vicars
are
hereby
indemnified
from
the
payment
of
all
First-fruits
,
Tenths
,
and
Pensions
due
,
and
which
shall
be
due
to
his
Majesty
:
and
from
all
dues
to
the
Ordinary
and
Archdeacon
,
and
all
other
dues
whatsoever
chargeable
upon
them
respectively
,
untill
such
time
as
they
shall
receive
the
profits
arising
from
the
same
,
as
formerly
.
And
no
Process
shall
be
issued
out
of
any
Court
whatsoever
,
against
the
persons
aforesaid
,
for
their
non-payment
of
First-fruits
,
Tenths
,
Pensions
,
or
any
other
the
dues
aforesaid
,
&c.
They
are
indemnified
for
not
reading
the
39.
Articles
,
or
not
doing
other
things
enjoyned
by
Law
,
untill
such
time
as
the
said
Churches
be
re-edified
,
or
made
fit
for
publick
worship
.
The
said
Parsons
and
Vicars
are
impowered
to
let
Leases
of
their
Glebe-lands
,
with
the
consent
of
the
Patron
and
Ordinary
,
for
any
Term
not
exceeding
forty
years
,
and
at
such
yearly
rents
,
without
fine
,
as
can
be
obtained
for
the
same
:
and
that
no
lapses
incurred
upon
any
non-presentation
in
due
time
of
any
of
the
Patrons
of
the
said
livings
since
the
said
fire
,
shall
any
ways
prejudice
,
or
make
void
the
Presentations
that
the
said
Patrons
have
since
made
,
whereupon
any
Incumbent
is
since
instituted
and
inducted
,
any
Law
or
Statute
to
the
contrary
in
any
wise
notwithstanding
.