Iean
Louis
de
la
Vallette
Duke
of
Espernon
Pair
and
Collond
Generall
of
Fraince
;
Gouuernour
and
Lieutenant
Generall
for
the
King
in
Guienne
,
the
Towne
and
Citadell
of
Mets
,
and
the
Country
of
Messin
,
etc.
THE
HISTORY
OF
THE
LIFE
OF
THE
Duke
of
ESPERNON
,
THE
GREAT
FAVOURITE
OF
FRANCE
.
ENGLISHED
BY
CHARLES
COTTON
,
Esq
In
Three
Parts
,
containing
Twelve
Books
.
Wherein
the
History
of
FRANCE
is
continued
from
the
Year
1598.
where
D'AVILA
leaves
off
,
down
to
our
own
Times
,
1642.
Orationi
,
&
Carmini
est
parva
gratia
,
nisi
Eloquentia
est
Summa
:
Historia
,
quoquo
modo
scripta
,
delectat
.
Plin.
LONDON
,
Printed
by
E.
Cotes
,
and
A.
Clark
,
for
Henry
Brome
,
at
the
Gun
in
Ludgate-street
,
at
the
West
End
of
St.
Pauls
,
MDCLXX
.
To
the
most
Reverend
Father
in
God
,
GILBERT
,
Lord
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
,
HIS
GRACE
,
Primate
of
All
England
,
and
Metropolitan
,
one
of
His
Majesties
Most
Honourable
PRIVY
COUNCIL
,
&c.
May
it
please
your
Grace
,
THAT
the
Vertues
of
Great
Persons
are
sometimes
dangerous
to
themselves
,
is
too
manifest
in
the
Liberty
I
have
taken
to
prefer
the
following
History
to
your
Graces
Patronage
,
your
own
Affability
,
and
Bounty
having
procur'd
you
that
Inconvenience
,
and
Encourag'd
me
to
a
Dedication
;
I
should
not
otherwise
,
and
at
a
greater
distance
of
Favour
,
have
presum'd
to
impose
upon
your
Protection
:
a
Truth
I
have
not
only
thought
fit
to
put
your
Grace
in
mind
of
,
the
better
to
excuse
my
Presumption
;
but
have
moreover
been
prompted
thereunto
by
an
honest
Vanity
I
have
,
the
World
should
take
notice
,
that
how
private
soever
my
Life
has
been
,
I
have
not
altogether
convers'd
with
Obscurity
:
but
that
I
have
had
the
Honour
to
be
sometime
known
unto
,
and
to
have
been
Favour'd
by
one
of
the
greatest
Prelates
,
and
the
best
Men
upon
Earth
.
Thus
(
my
Lord
)
by
my
own
ill
govern'd
,
though
otherwise
not
very
Criminal
Ambition
,
I
am
put
upon
a
necessity
of
seeming
to
accuse
that
Vertue
,
I
have
so
just
reason
to
magnifie
;
and
from
whence
I
have
deriv'd
so
many
advantages
,
to
colour
a
boldness
,
that
would
otherwise
admit
of
no
Excuse
.
Neither
will
this
I
fear
serve
me
against
the
Censures
of
the
Time
,
by
whom
I
expect
notwithstanding
to
be
accus'd
of
another
sort
of
Vanity
,
that
something
of
mine
may
be
worthy
your
Graces
Acceptation
;
which
if
I
should
absolutely
deny
,
the
Dedication
it self
would
then
convince
me
of
a
premeditated
injury
to
your
Name
.
I
cannot
therefore
avoid
confessing
I
think
this
History
so
fine
a
thing
in
it self
,
that
if
I
be
not
the
worst
Translator
that
ever
Writ
(
and
there
is
no
Triumph
due
to
the
best
)
it
may
very
well
endure
the
light
,
and
pass
amongst
good
natur'd
men
,
with
other
things
,
that
every
day
sally
from
the
Press
;
which
is
my
true
opinion
of
it
,
and
nothing
more
.
A
more
Illustrious
Image
of
Vertue
,
and
Honour
than
is
here
represented
in
the
Person
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
in
my
little
Reading
I
have
no
where
met
with
,
a
more
exemplary
Piety
,
a
braver
Courage
,
a
more
shining
and
unblemish'd
Loyalty
,
more
inviolate
Friendships
,
nor
a
nobler
Constancy
in
all
the
shocks
of
Fortune
;
so
that
I
have
sometimes
thought
,
had
there
not
been
a
little
mixture
of
Humane
Frailty
amongst
so
many
excellent
Qualities
as
he
was
Master
of
to
a
very
great
perfection
,
the
Story
would
have
look'd
like
an
Idea
of
an
Hero
only
,
and
rather
a
Character
of
what
a
Brave
man
should
be
,
than
what
any
man
ever
truly
was
.
There
are
indeed
some
Passages
in
his
History
,
that
are
not
altogether
to
be
justified
,
though
none
that
may
not
(
methinks
)
be
slipt
over
amongst
so
many
better
Pages
of
his
Life
,
like
a
Counterfeit
Piece
in
a
great
Summe
of
Current
Gold
.
If
(
my
Lord
)
I
have
been
so
successful
as
to
make
a
tolerable
Copy
of
this
brave
Original
,
and
that
my
endeavour
be
graciously
accepted
,
I
have
my
end
.
I
have
learn'd
that
the
Best
men
are
not
always
the
hardest
to
please
,
and
ever
the
aptest
to
forgive
;
which
being
granted
,
I
shall
appear
in
a
good
measure
justified
in
the
great
freedom
I
have
taken
to
recommend
my
Book
to
your
Graces
perusal
:
and
it
has
so
much
the
better
Title
to
your
Acceptance
,
as
it
is
the
Fruit
of
the
most
innocent
part
of
my
time
;
and
offer'd
with
a
Heart
as
grateful
for
the
many
Favours
I
have
receiv'd
from
your
Graces
Bounty
,
and
as
full
of
Honour
and
Reverence
for
your
Person
,
and
Dignity
as
any
Man
,
who
in
a
better
,
and
more
studied
stile
may
take
the
boldness
to
subscribe
himself
,
My
Lord
,
Your
Graces
Most
Humble
,
and
most
Obedient
Servant
Charles
Cotton
.
Beresford
,
this
30
th
.
of
October
,
1669.
The
Preface
.
HAving
about
three
Years
since
,
and
in
the
Vacancy
of
a
Country
Life
,
taken
this
Volume
in
hand
,
before
I
had
gone
through
the
three
first
Books
,
I
was
call'd
away
first
by
Employment
,
and
after
dismiss'd
from
that
,
taken
off
by
so
long
,
and
so
uncomfortable
a
Sickness
,
that
I
found
my self
utterly
unfit
for
any
undertaking
of
this
,
or
any
other
kind
,
and
consequently
had
almost
given
over
all
thoughts
of
proceeding
in
a
work
,
which
at
some
melancholy
times
I
believ'd
I
might
not
live
to
finish
.
Being
since
restor'd
to
a
better
state
of
Health
,
and
coming
to
review
my
Papers
,
either
the
dislike
of
what
I
had
already
done
,
the
shame
of
having
been
so
long
in
doing
it
,
the
indisposition
my
Disease
left
still
hanging
upon
me
,
the
bulk
of
what
I
had
undertaken
,
the
little
leisure
I
conceiv'd
I
might
have
wherewith
to
perform
it
,
or
all
together
,
had
almost
perswaded
me
to
hold
on
the
same
resolution
,
and
for
ever
to
let
it
alone
:
till
recollecting
my self
,
I
remembred
I
had
a
greater
Obligation
upon
me
(
which
nevertheless
I
do
not
think
fit
to
publish
in
this
place
)
to
go
through
with
what
I
had
already
begun
,
than
was
to
be
dissolv'd
by
any
truant
Humour
,
or
private
Aversion
of
my
own
.
I
therefore
reassum'd
my
former
purpose
,
and
some
months
since
took
the
Book
again
in
good
earnest
in
hand
,
which
when
I
have
said
,
any
ingenious
person
may
reasonably
wonder
,
how
a
man
in
good
earnest
,
and
that
has
so
little
to
do
in
the
world
as
I
have
,
could
be
all
this
tedious
time
about
such
a
piece
of
Work
as
this
:
To
which
(
if
what
I
have
already
said
will
not
serve
for
an
excuse
)
I
shall
answer
,
that
although
by
my
incapacity
,
my
ill
fortune
,
or
both
,
I
stand
excus'd
from
publick
Employment
,
I
have
notwithstanding
so
much
private
concern
of
my
own
to
divert
me
,
and
so
few
moments
to
bestow
upon
my self
,
that
I
wonder
't
is
done
so
soon
:
An
Apology
I
might
how●ver
have
spar'd
,
since
my
haste
will
I
fear
be
too
legible
in
every
Line
.
And
now
that
I
have
told
my
Reader
why
I
have
proceeded
so
slowly
in
the
work
,
I
conceive
it
time
(
as
men
in
Prefaces
usually
do
)
to
give
some
account
of
the
motives
that
induc'd
me
to
undertake
it
at
all
;
which
though
they
will
arise
to
no
better
reasons
than
what
other
men
usually
give
for
their
Follies
in
such
cases
,
will
nevertheless
serve
perhaps
to
satisfie
such
as
are
kindest
to
me
,
and
who
will
not
render
themselves
over-hard
to
be
satisfied
in
a
thing
wherein
I
presume
they
would
themselves
be
content
to
see
me
justified
.
It
was
not
therefore
out
of
any
ambition
I
had
to
be
again
in
Print
,
I
having
suffer'd
too
much
that
way
already
;
nor
to
be
reputed
a
good
Translator
,
the
best
whereof
sit
in
the
lowest
Form
of
Writers
,
and
no
one
can
be
proud
of
the
meanest
Company
;
neither
shall
I
pretend
to
be
put
upon
it
by
my
Friends
,
for
that
would
tacitly
imply
something
of
opinion
they
must
have
of
my
ability
that
way
,
and
I
must
be
so
just
to
〈◊〉
my
worthy
Acquaintance
,
as
to
dec●●re
them
men
of
better
judgments
,
than
to
be
so
deceiv'd
;
besides
the
greater
part
of
them
being
better
Frenchmen
,
than
I
pretend
to
be
,
such
as
have
read
the
Original
,
could
never
wish
to
see
it
blemish'd
by
so
unskilful
a
hand
:
neither
was
I
prompted
to
it
by
any
design
of
advantage
,
that
consideration
being
ever
very
much
below
my
thoughts
;
nor
to
oblige
the
world
,
that
being
as
much
above
my
expectation
:
but
having
an
incurable
humour
of
scribling
upon
me
,
I
believ'd
I
could
not
choose
a
braver
Subject
for
my
Friends
diversion
,
and
my
own
Entertainment
than
this
,
wherein
I
thought
at
least
I
discover'd
as
much
Variety
of
Revolution
,
and
accident
as
is
any
where
in
no
larger
a
Volume
to
be
found
;
besides
something
of
utility
,
here
being
a
general
account
of
the
most
important
Transactions
of
Europe
for
above
threescore
years
together
,
and
in
one
continued
series
of
Discourse
,
which
are
otherwise
only
to
be
pick'd
up
out
of
several
Authors
,
and
most
of
them
●mitted
in
all
:
but
that
which
gave
me
the
greatest
invitation
(
besides
the
Character
of
Honour
that
continues
throughout
the
whole
thred
of
his
Life
)
was
the
great
example
of
uncorrupted
Loyalty
the
Duke
of
Espernon
ever
retain'd
in
all
his
Exigencies
,
and
Disgraces
;
a
Vertue
which
though
none
of
the
Nobility
of
this
Kingdom
(
for
whom
this
is
chiefly
design'd
)
need
to
be
informed
in
,
't
is
nevertheless
a
glorious
Record
,
and
ought
to
be
in
History
,
that
succeeding
times
may
see
after
what
manner
a
good
Subject
(
●ow
powerful
soever
)
ought
to
behave
himself
,
how
;
or
how
unkindly
soever
his
Prince
shall
please
to
dispose
of
his
Person
,
and
Fortune
.
This
consideration
it
was
,
that
after
a
first
,
and
second
reading
of
this
brave
life
(
though
every
year
of
it
contains
variety
enough
to
furnish
out
a
History
)
which
I
must
confess
to
have
been
the
greatest
temptation
that
decoy'd
me
into
this
undertaking
,
especially
when
I
reflected
upon
the
times
we
our selves
have
too
lately
seen
,
when
Loyalty
was
not
very
much
in
fashion
,
or
not
to
be
owned
withou●
manifest
ruine
.
And
although
I
know
very
well
we
have
Examples
enow
of
Vertue
,
Bravery
,
Wisdom
,
Fidelity
,
and
Honour
in
persons
of
our
own
Nation
,
as
well
Kings
as
Subjects
,
Princes
of
the
Blood
,
Generals
,
Ecclesiasticks
,
and
Statesmen
,
both
of
Former
,
and
the
present
Age
,
and
the
meanest
of
those
Lives
sufficient
to
create
as
beautiful
a
Story
;
yet
of
those
the
Dead
are
many
of
them
already
recorded
beyond
my
imitation
,
and
to
Write
in
Praise
of
the
Living
(
besides
the
danger
of
standing
suspected
,
either
of
Flattery
,
or
Design
)
were
to
offend
the
modesty
natural
to
all
generous
minds
.
In
the
next
place
,
I
am
to
acquaint
my
Reader
,
that
the
Author
of
this
History
Monsieur
Girard
was
Secretary
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
and
a
very
extraordinary
person
in
himself
,
as
you
will
find
in
the
Texture
,
Disposition
,
and
Elegancy
of
the
whole
,
in
despight
of
my
ill
handling
;
by
which
advantages
he
must
doubtless
be
able
to
give
the
best
,
and
truest
account
of
any
w●●ever
,
both
of
his
Masters
private
Affairs
,
and
the
general
Transactions
of
that
time
,
he
being
(
especially
in
the
Duke's
later
Years
)
continually
employ'd
by
him
,
and
the
Duke
himself
being
so
eternally
upon
the
Scene
of
Action
,
that
we
shall
seldom
find
him
retir'd
,
and
alone
in
the
whole
course
of
his
Life
.
And
although
his
dependence
upon
this
great
person
may
render
his
testimony
suspected
to
some
,
he
is
however
so
generally
allow'd
by
the
most
Intelligent
,
and
such
as
are
best
read
in
the
Affairs
of
that
Kingdom
,
for
a
faithful
Historian
,
that
the
truth
of
the
Story
ought
to
Balance
any
other
defect
of
the
work
.
Lastly
,
in
the
behalf
of
my
Bookseller
Mr.
Brome
(
to
whose
Kindness
I
owe
more
,
than
I
can
pay
him
by
this
Impression
)
I
am
to
say
,
that
although
I
dare
not
answer
how
far
this
History
may
suffer
by
my
Oversights
,
or
Mistakes
,
or
by
the
Faults
escap'd
the
Press
,
which
(
I
know
not
by
what
accident
)
are
very
many
,
and
some
of
them
very
considerable
;
yet
I
dare
pronounce
it
one
of
the
best
things
I
have
seen
in
that
Language
,
I
do
not
mean
for
the
Excellency
,
or
Harmony
of
the
Stile
,
which
in
the
Original
it self
,
though
the
words
there
be
very
Significant
,
Elegant
,
and
admirably
well
chosen
,
is
notwithstanding
none
of
the
smoothest
I
have
read
:
but
for
the
importance
of
the
Subject
,
wherein
you
will
find
much
of
the
Policy
of
that
time
,
not
only
of
France
it self
,
but
moreover
of
the
Courts
of
England
,
Rome
,
Spain
,
Savoy
,
Germany
,
Sweeden
,
and
the
States
of
the
United
Provinces
,
together
with
a
Narrative
of
all
the
most
celebrated
Battles
,
Skirmishes
,
Rencounters
,
Combats
,
Sieges
,
Assaults
,
and
Stratagems
for
above
threescore
years
together
,
with
the
Descriptions
of
the
Strengths
,
Situations
,
and
distances
of
Cities
,
Towns
,
Castles
,
Cittadels
,
Forts
,
Rivers
,
Countries
,
Seigneuries
,
Iurisdictions
,
and
Provinces
,
and
all
this
collected
,
and
deliver'd
by
a
Iudicious
,
and
Impartial
Hand
,
an
ex●raordinary
effect
of
a
French
Pen
,
that
Nation
(
especially
in
Records
that
immediately
concern
their
own
Honour
)
having
been
commonly
observ'd
to
be
very
civil
to
themselves
:
So
that
methinks
the
Dignity
of
the
Subject
,
and
the
Ingenuity
of
the
Author
consider'd
,
a
work
how
unhappily
soever
perform'd
by
me
,
undertaken
nevertheless
meerly
for
the
common
benefit
,
and
delight
,
ought
not
to
be
discountenanc'd
,
nor
very
ill
receiv'd
.
Yet
do
I
not
(
though
in
the
foregoing
Paragraph
,
I
have
discover'd
something
of
the
Charlatan
in
the
behalf
of
my
Bookseller
)
hereby
intend
to
beg
any
favour
for
my self
,
or
by
these
large
promises
to
bribe
my
Reader
into
milder
Censures
;
neither
do
I
think
it
fit
to
provoke
him
by
a
defiance
;
for
that
were
to
be
an
ill
Man
,
as
well
as
an
ill
Writer
.
I
therefore
franckly
,
and
without
condition
expose
my self
to
every
mans
Iudgment
,
of
which
such
as
appear
civil
to
me
are
my
Friends
,
and
I
shall
owe
them
the
same
respect
,
when
it
shall
be
my
turn
to
Iudg
,
as
it
is
now
to
be
censur'd
:
Those
who
will
not
be
so
,
I
shall
threaten
no
further
,
than
to
put
them
in
mind
,
that
if
ever
they
attempt
any
thing
of
the
same
nature
,
they
will
then
lie
under
the
same
disadvantage
I
now
do
,
and
consequently
may
meet
with
the
same
Injustice
.
THE
AUTHORS
APOLOGY
.
I
Doubt
not
but
many
,
who
in
the
Front
of
this
Book
shall
meet
with
no
more
than
the
bare
title
of
the
Life
of
the
Duke
of
Esperson
,
will
be
very
much
surpriz'd
;
and
consequently
I
expect
to
be
by
them
condemn'd
for
having
burthen'd
the
Press
with
so
large
a
Volume
upon
no
other
account
,
than
the
meer
Narrative
of
one
particular
Life
:
but
if
such
shall
consider
that
this
Life
continued
for
almost
an
Age
,
and
that
it
was
continually
taken
up
in
the
greatest
and
most
remarkable
Transactions
of
all
that
time
,
that
consideration
will
doubtless
conquer
their
astonishment
,
and
it
may
then
perhaps
fall
out
,
that
instead
of
the
Imputation
I
have
so
much
apprehended
,
they
will
allow
me
some
Excuse
,
if
not
some
Commendation
,
in
that
I
have
not
been
sparing
of
a
few
words
,
to
the
end
so
many
brave
and
glorious
Actions
might
be
the
better
,
and
more
truly
known
.
In
treating
of
a
Person
so
highly
concern'd
as
the
Duke
of
Espernon
was
in
the
general
Affairs
of
the
Kingdom
,
I
have
been
constrain'd
to
tip
up
a
great
many
passages
already
upon
Record
,
and
so
ancient
,
as
near
an
hundred
years
ago
;
by
which
means
my
work
will
in
many
places
be
stript
of
that
grace
of
Novelty
,
which
of
it self
would
have
been
a
considerable
Ornament
to
it
:
but
having
observ'd
withal
that
many
of
the
things
already
publish'd
,
have
not
been
deliver'd
with
that
laudable
candour
,
and
indifferency
(
the
principal
Vertue
of
Historians
)
that
the
most
exact
have
omitted
many
circumstances
(
which
are
oft-times
preferable
to
the
main
scope
of
the
thing
it self
)
and
that
several
Exploits
,
the
Honour
where
of
was
absolutely
,
and
indisputably
due
to
him
,
whose
History
I
have
undertaken
,
have
been
either
disguis'd
,
or
unjustly
,
attributed
to
others
who
had
no
share
in
the
execution
,
I
conceiv'd
that
by
the
reverence
to
truth
I
stood
oblig'd
to
clear
those
mistakes
,
and
in
several
passages
to
vindicate
the
Duke's
honest
intentions
,
against
such
at
were
evidently
passionate
against
his
person
,
and
emulous
of
his
Honour
.
These
indeed
were
the
principal
inducements
that
have
sometimes
tempted
me
out
of
the
precise
limits
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
Life
,
and
that
have
administred
occasion
to
stretch
some
of
his
Actions
beyond
their
natural
extent
,
and
beyond
what
directly
touch'd
his
own
person
;
not
that
I
needed
notwithstanding
to
seek
matter
out
of
the
way
of
my
design
;
for
where
could
I
possibly
have
chosen
out
a
more
ample
or
a
more
illustrious
Subject
?
there
is
hardly
any
so
notable
event
,
or
so
high
performance
within
the
prospect
of
History
,
or
in
the
vicissitude
of
worldly
revolution
,
of
which
glorious
,
and
extraordinary
Examples
are
not
here
to
be
found
Could
any
thing
be
imagin'd
more
active
,
or
more
vigorous
in
his
prosperity
,
or
more
constant
,
and
even
in
all
the
disgraces
that
befel
him
,
than
this
great
man
was
?
Since
then
upon
these
two
principles
,
Valour
and
Fortitude
,
all
life
depends
,
and
that
from
the
manner
of
a
man's
Behaviour
in
Prosperities
,
and
his
manly
supporting
the
Adversities
of
Fortune
,
are
extracted
all
the
precepts
for
the
conduct
of
Humane
Life
,
what
utility
may
we
not
propose
to
our selves
,
from
the
great
examples
both
of
the
one
,
and
the
other
,
which
are
every
where
to
be
met
with
in
the
current
of
this
History
?
It
is
not
nevertheless
,
that
we
may
not
perhaps
sometimes
observe
some
flying
Clouds
in
this
Serene
Firmament
of
Vertue
,
that
constancy
so
much
celebrated
for
the
most
eminent
quality
in
him
,
of
whose
Actions
I
have
undertaken
to
give
an
account
,
having
not
always
been
acquitted
from
censure
.
He
has
been
sometimes
accus'd
of
too
severe
,
and
too
obstinate
a
humour
,
in
that
he
would
never
give
place
to
time
,
nor
accommodate
himself
to
the
necessity
of
Affairs
;
and
that
he
would
never
yield
,
not
even
then
when
he
saw
he
could
not
contend
,
but
to
his
own
manifest
Ruine
.
I
cannot
deny
,
but
that
in
this
particular
there
was
something
to
have
been
wish'd
,
if
men
would
have
the
Vertue
of
the
Great
confin'd
within
the
narrow
bounds
of
common
Prudence
:
but
were
it
not
in
the
mean
time
to
offer
violence
to
those
great
Souls
,
elevated
so
much
above
the
ordinary
condition
of
men
,
to
subject
their
actions
to
the
Rules
of
others
?
It
is
very
true
that
this
Duke
could
never
temporize
in
the
least
,
nor
ever
gave
way
to
any
thing
that
justled
his
Humour
;
that
on
the
contrary
he
has
often
pusht
things
on
to
the
last
extremes
,
and
that
from
very
trivial
and
light
beginnings
he
has
pull'd
upon
himself
many
,
and
great
Disgraces
:
but
if
in
this
particular
any
thing
may
be
found
wherewith
to
reproach
his
Conduct
,
what
Praises
are
not
due
to
his
Courage
,
that
could
never
bend
,
nor
bow
under
the
highest
Persecutions
?
Something
essential
would
have
been
wanting
in
his
Life
,
had
he
been
always
happy
;
and
he
contributed
no
little
to
his
glory
,
in
sometimes
promoting
his
own
Misfortunes
,
they
having
made
a
discovery
of
Qualities
in
him
,
which
in
a
continual
prosperity
would
have
been
totally
buried
,
and
conceal'd
.
So
brave
an
Argument
does
,
I
must
confess
,
deserve
a
far
better
Pen
than
mine
to
do
it
right
,
and
I
am
sufficiently
conscious
of
my
own
imperfection
,
to
think
my self
infinitely
below
the
dignity
of
my
Subject
;
neither
was
it
any
vain
design
of
publishing
my
own
Name
,
that
prompted
me
to
this
attempt
;
and
had
I
had
no
greater
a
reverence
to
the
Reputation
of
another
,
than
any
respect
to
my
own
,
I
had
never
embarqu'd
in
this
design
.
I
very
well
understand
to
what
a
man
exposes
himself
who
submits
to
a
publick
Judgment
;
but
I
have
consider'd
withal
,
that
it
were
a
very
great
weakness
to
decline
an
honourable
Undertaking
for
fear
of
a
little
Censure
.
I
do
herein
discharge
a
Debt
,
and
I
do
it
with
the
best
I
have
.
I
owe
all
things
to
him
whose
Life
I
have
here
Written
,
he
brought
me
up
from
my
younger
years
by
his
bounty
,
nourish'd
me
by
his
Favour
,
in
the
height
of
his
Disgraces
honour'd
me
with
his
confidence
,
and
trust
;
he
moreover
gratified
me
with
several
,
and
those
signal
Benefits
:
Is
it
not
just
then
,
that
at
least
I
should
manifest
my
gratitude
by
a
few
words
?
Yet
although
I
stand
prepossess'd
by
so
many
Obligations
,
I
am
nevertheless
more
certain
that
no
one
shall
find
me
out
of
that
Consideration
,
corrupted
in
my
Benefactors
Favour
;
who
having
undertaken
to
give
a
true
and
sincere
account
of
things
,
I
shall
by
no
means
impose
upon
the
publick
belief
:
Neither
do
I
indeed
design
his
Elegy
herein
,
but
meerly
to
give
an
exact
Narrative
of
his
Actions
,
wherein
the
native
truth
shall
be
the
only
part
of
History
he
shall
receive
from
my
Endeavour
;
all
the
rest
shall
be
wanting
,
and
I
have
had
no
little
ado
to
perswade
my self
to
give
my
Book
so
eminent
a
Title
,
knowing
what
Respect
is
due
to
that
great
Name
,
and
to
such
,
as
in
their
better
Writings
have
given
him
his
just
Character
of
Honour
.
I
have
not
throughout
my
whole
Work
spoken
to
the
disadvantage
of
any
one
person
,
either
out
of
Animosity
or
Design
;
and
if
m●
Passions
went
hand
in
hand
with
the
Interests
of
my
Master
in
the
time
of
his
Life
,
they
also
went
out
with
his
,
when
extinguish'd
by
the
hand
of
Death
.
I
do
not
nevertheless
pretend
to
have
been
so
dextrous
,
as
to
have
satisfied
all
those
of
whom
I
have
been
oblig'd
to
speak
in
the
order
of
the
following
Treatise
,
some
Historical
Truths
having
perhaps
slipt
in
,
which
may
not
be
very
acceptable
to
such
,
as
would
have
all
things
granted
to
them
,
and
will
not
allow
to
others
the
liberty
of
a
bare
recital
:
but
I
did
not
conceive
my self
oblig'd
to
submit
to
that
magisterial
Law
,
and
therefore
have
reserv'd
the
liberty
(
not
extending
to
injury
)
an
honest
man
ought
to
be
jealous
of
,
that
he
may
keep
himself
from
being
a
slave
to
other
mens
humours
by
a
mean
complacency
.
I
could
some
years
ago
have
deliver'd
this
work
to
the
Light
,
and
had
then
done
it
,
had
not
the
disorders
of
the
time
put
all
things
into
so
great
confusion
,
that
it
was
long
before
I
could
gather
my
Mesmoires
,
which
were
dispers'd
into
several
hands
,
together
again
.
Now
at
last
by
the
command
of
those
who
have
most
Authority
with
me
,
and
at
the
instance
of
my
Friends
,
I
here
present
them
to
your
view
.
I
wish
they
may
give
satisfaction
both
to
the
one
,
and
the
other
,
and
I
could
be
content
that
satisfaction
might
proceed
further
,
and
extend
to
the
generality
of
men
:
but
being
I
cannot
reasonably
expect
that
good
Fortune
upon
any
other
account
,
than
meerly
as
an
act
of
Favour
,
I
shall
make
no
difficulty
to
beg
that
grace
of
all
such
as
shall
have
the
Curiosiry
,
or
the
Patience
to
read
these
followng
Volumes
.
The
Reader
is
desir'd
to
look
over
the
Errata
,
and
to
correct
them
with
his
Pen
,
before
he
begin
to
read
the
Book
.
ERRATA
.
PAge
2.
Line
3.
r.
la
Valette
,
p.
3.
l.
4.
r.
Alarmes
,
p.
3.
l.
25.
r.
Armes
,
p.
5.
l.
3.
r.
Bellegarde
,
l.
15.
r.
Luxembourg
,
p.
11.
l.
1.
&
3.
r.
Rufes
l.
7.
r.
Rufec's
,
p.
12.
l.
7.
r.
the
merits
of
,
p.
14.
l.
16.
●
.
be
went
then
to
this
Siege
,
p.
16.
l.
14.
●
.
R●nfard
,
p.
19.
l.
7.
r.
Aul●is
,
p.
22.
l.
18.
r.
for
that
time
,
l.
38.
r.
to
mate
the
League
,
p.
25.
l.
29.
r.
with
a
medes●y
,
p.
28.
l
▪
37.
r.
〈◊〉
,
p.
30.
l.
5.
&
l.
37.
r.
Chiverny
,
p.
33.
l.
1.
r.
Requelaure
,
l.
18.
r.
concurring
,
p.
36.
l.
26.
r.
it
is
not
hard
to
judge
,
p.
37.
l.
31.
r.
with
a
more
absolute
,
p.
42.
l.
1.
r.
festering
,
p.
48.
l.
38.
r.
easily
to
succeed
,
p.
59.
l.
40.
r.
Count
de
Candalle
,
p.
62.
l.
1.
dele
and
,
p.
63.
l.
12.
r.
all
things
being
,
p.
64.
l.
13.
r.
their
own
Conf●●es
,
p.
70.
l.
1.
r.
after
this
there
,
p.
80.
l.
19.
r.
Lothes
,
p.
84.
l.
23.
r.
contented
,
p.
92.
l.
21.
1.
(
as
he
had
,
d.
93.
l.
26.
r.
Seguenic●
,
p.
94.
l.
17.
r.
of
chiefest
note
,
p.
108.
l.
13.
r.
lost
,
p.
119.
l.
1.
r.
than
a
delay
,
p.
125.
l.
20.
r.
Marth●nie
,
p.
134.
l.
20.
r.
Humieres
,
p.
13●
.
l.
29.
r
,
Campagne
,
p.
142.
l.
3.
r.
●elloc
,
l.
21.
r.
v●st
Levies
,
l.
3.
●
.
r.
Frans●
is
Redont
,
p.
145
,
l.
35.
r.
T●ulon
l.
42.
r.
seduc'd
p.
158
l.
39.
r.
and
a
,
p.
159.
l.
6.
1.
and
those
very
adva●tage●us
matches
,
p.
170.
l.
12.
r.
into
Languedoc
,
l.
15.
r
▪
Pr●ve●sal
.
and
so
throughout
the
whole
Impr●ssion
,
l.
35.
●
.
V●entadour
,
p.
173.
l.
19.
r.
seduc'd
,
p.
175.
l.
32.
r.
inveterat●
,
and
●●●●concilable
hatred
,
p.
183.
l.
42.
r.
since
the
taking
,
p.
184.
l.
3.
r.
60000.
Crowns
,
p.
185.
l.
20.
r.
favours
,
p.
186.
l.
12.
r.
●mus'd
,
p.
189
l.
20.
r.
with
his
reputation
,
p.
191.
l.
●
.
r.
as
has
been
said
,
p.
198
l.
2.
r.
instead
of
that
Pr●vence
,
l.
5.
r.
Commission
then
,
the
Duke
departed
,
p.
202
,
l.
13.
r.
would
often
break
out
,
p.
206.
l.
〈◊〉
r.
would
be
de
,
p.
211.
l.
8.
r.
inveterate
Iealous●e
,
p.
●12
.
l.
25.
r.
proceeding
to
,
p.
213.
l.
28.
r.
by
the
return
,
p.
215.
l.
15.
r.
of
the
Accommodati●●
,
p.
217.
l.
5.
dele
his
,
p.
218.
l.
39.
r.
and
wherein
if
the
,
p.
221.
l.
19.
r.
staid
to
expect
him
,
p.
227.
l.
11.
the
comma
tobe
plac'd
after
notwithstanding
,
p.
227.
l.
20.
r.
and
still
kep●
,
l.
28.
r.
in
the
Dukes
;
p.
229
l.
8.
r.
to
the
first
,
l.
31.
r.
begi●
to
grow
,
p.
231.
l.
2.
r.
further
instructed
,
p.
232.
l.
24.
r.
compel
the
King
,
p.
235.
l.
29.
r.
of
whom
after
having
got
▪
l.
34
r.
Treasury
,
p.
238.
l.
2.
r.
en●w
,
p.
243.
l.
6.
r.
inveterate
,
p.
245.
l.
15.
r.
intercepted
,
p.
246.
l.
21.
r.
and
power
,
p.
249.
l.
4.
&
5.
r.
to
mould
them
into
the
new
form
,
l.
13.
r.
restore
to
the
Republicks
,
p.
256.
l.
7.
r.
judging
.
p.
257.
l.
2.
●
.
Dr●üet
,
p.
267.
l.
10
,
r.
was
preparing
,
p.
268.
l.
6.
r.
to
be
cu●b'd
,
g.
269.
l.
15.
r.
●er
Regency
,
p.
270.
l.
18.
r.
to
repr●ach
him
,
p.
274.
l.
6.
r.
able
to
mate
,
p.
227.
l.
17.
&
●4
.
r.
Aulnis
,
p.
258.
l.
19.
r.
nor
any
intelligence
,
p.
29●
.
l.
12.
dele
how
,
p.
293.
l.
36.
r.
Sisters
falling
sick
,
p.
295.
l.
16.
r.
convoy'd
,
p.
297
l.
ul●
.
r.
opposer
,
p.
29●
.
l.
2.
r
Ch●stelseraut
&
l.
13.
a
comma
after
the
duke
,
p.
303
,
l.
34.
r.
Counter-Scarpe
,
p.
304.
l.
8
,
r.
easily
,
p.
315.
l.
28
,
r.
determine
of
him
,
p.
319.
l.
17.
●
.
Court
,
326.
l.
13.
r.
by
the
effect
of
,
p.
339.
l.
14.
r.
Arnaut
,
p.
343.
l.
21.
r
,
his
Voyage
,
p.
345.
l.
29.
●
.
Mont●●chard
,
p.
356
,
l.
26.
r.
Saluisse
,
l.
38.
r.
not
to
be
imagin'd
,
p.
364.
l.
37.
r.
to
recommend
him
.
p.
365.
l.
33.
r.
his
Kingdom
,
p
369.
l.
〈◊〉
.
r.
this
first
Essay
,
l
,
16.
r
,
Governments
,
p.
374
l.
19.
r.
and
with
a
submission
,
l.
20.
r.
to
giue
up
their
Arms
,
p.
386.
l.
23.
r.
in
his
desire
,
p.
400.
l.
7.
r.
upon
The
Draw-Bridge
,
p.
401.
l
,
17.
dele
and.
p.
40●
.
l.
42.
r.
Tho●●eins
,
p.
403.
l.
25.
r.
Aulnis
,
p
,
407.
l.
33.
r.
his
hands
.
p.
411.
l.
5
r.
companious
,
p.
414.
l.
27.
dele
and
,
p.
430.
l
,
16.
r.
so
many
important
,
p.
431.
l.
26.
r.
Sevebbes
,
p
434.
l.
9.
r.
Vair●n
,
l.
36.
r.
Malagu●t
l.
38.
r.
le
●ec
d'
Ambez
,
p.
441.
l
,
31.
r.
the
thirst
,
p.
450.
l.
●
.
r.
Olonne
.
p.
458.
l.
11.
r
,
lasting
repose
.
p.
459.
l
,
21.
r.
co●cur●ents
.
p
461
l.
31.
r.
●e
obtain'd
it
,
,
p.
464.
l.
26.
r.
at
this
time
,
p.
467.
l.
35.
r.
could
be
,
p.
469
l.
37.
dele
the
,
p
,
485.
l.
40
1.
Milla●t
,
p.
494.
l.
8.
r.
being
a
woman
,
p.
495.
l.
37.
r.
been
determin'd
,
p.
506.
l.
10.
r.
enclin'd
to
the
other
,
p.
507.
l.
6.
1.
R●ffec
,
p.
516.
l.
37.
r
,
any
extraordinary
Assembly
,
p.
525.
l.
39.
r.
be
ever
committed
,
p.
526.
l.
27.
r.
Cospian
,
p.
529.
l.
34.
r.
would
not
deny
,
p.
532.
l.
7.
r.
had
his
instructions
,
p.
534.
l.
13.
&
p.
538.
l.
33.
r.
d'
Aguesseau
,
p.
536.
l.
19.
r.
this
house
,
p.
541.
l.
30.
r.
companions
,
p.
545.
l.
17.
r.
started
p.
554.
l.
24.
r.
●eimar
,
p.
555.
l.
42.
dele
this
,
p.
556.
l.
29.
r.
granted
to
those
who
had
,
&c.
l.
ult.
r.
and
,
was
not
,
p.
562.
l.
35.
r.
he
fortunately
effected
,
p.
564.
l.
31.
dele
on
,
before
condition
,
p.
566.
l.
9.
r
,
this
couticus
,
p.
569.
l.
9.
r.
might
be
distedg'd
,
p.
570.
l.
28.
r.
examples
enow
,
p.
572.
l.
14.
r.
that
the
Cardinal
,
p.
573.
l.
15.
r.
Kings
,
31.
r.
did
him
,
p.
575.
l.
32.
r.
by
how
much
it
had
been
p.
578.
l
,
ult.
r.
Poyanne
,
p.
538.
l.
27.
r.
Maub●uge
.
p
,
592.
l.
6.
r.
These
desays
,
p.
601.
l.
penult
,
r.
indisposition
,
p.
61●
.
l
,
30.
r.
he
had
occastonality
only
,
p.
616.
l.
●8
.
r.
seen
,
p.
62●
.
l.
ult.
r.
and
to
go
away
,
p.
625.
l.
18.
r.
the
trial
of
this
p
,
626.
l.
19.
r.
to
chance
the
Garrison
,
p.
628.
l.
26
,
r.
the
Baron
of
Anton
,
p.
636.
l.
antepenult.
r.
ought
not
to
be
suspected
,
p.
637.
l.
●4
.
r.
but
proceedid
.
p.
641.
l.
1.
r.
the
Authors
of
this
calumay
,
p.
642
,
l.
21.
r.
Seniqoux
,
p.
644
,
l.
11.
r
,
escap'd
his
pen
,
p
646.
l.
8.
r.
Metivi
,
p.
647.
l.
10.
r.
what
was
to
be
so
done
,
well
,
&c.
l.
2.
r.
but
of
God
.
The
TABLE
.
A.
-
ABdy'd
Uzerche
in
Limousin
taken
by
Count
Schomberg
page
356
Accident
by
Lig
htning
597
-
Agen
Revolts
547
The
Sedition
there
appeas'd
by
President
du
Bernet
548
-
Aglimant
taken
by
Assault
by
the
Duke
de
Candalle
280
-
Aix
block'd
up
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
by
Forts
151
The
main
Fort
deliver'd
up
to
Lafin
,
169
Surpriz'd
from
him
by
Monsieur
I'Esdiguieres
,
171
Demolish'd
172
-
Alanson
D.
retires
from
Court
10
-
Aletz
surrendred
462
-
Ambergris
found
upon
the
Coast
of
Medoc
in
France
236
-
Amiens
surpriz'd
by
the
Spaniard
,
198
-
Again
besieg'd
by
Mareschal
Byron
,
199
-
Surrendred
to
the
King
200
-
Antibe
taken
by
Assault
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon
148
-
Archbishop
of
Tholouze
youngest
Son
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
promoted
to
the
Dignity
of
Cardinal
379
-
Arch-Duke
of
Austria
enters
upon
the
Government
of
Flanders
192
-
Ardres
surrendred
to
the
Arch-Duke
196
-
Arles
surrendred
to
the
Duke
●f
Espernon
147
-
Arquien
Governour
of
the
Cittadel
of
Metz
265
,
266
-
Arras
Petar'd
by
Mareschal
Byron
but
in
vain
201
-
Assassinate
attempted
upon
the
person
of
Monsieur
de
la
Valette
,
Father
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
5
-
Assembly
of
the
States
at
Roan
197
-
D'Autry
Intendant
de
la
Justice
390
B.
-
BAron
de
St.
Surin
,
Governour
of
Royan
399
-
Barricades
of
Bordeaux
543
-
Barricades
of
Paris
72
-
Baussonniere
Nephew
to
le
Plessis
Baussonniere
in
danger
about
the
Queen
Mothers
Escape
339
-
Bathes
of
Bannieres
487
-
Battel
of
Coutras
65
-
Battel
of
Dreux
7
-
Bayonne
Preserv'd
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon
566
-
Beaujeu
slain
before
Chartres
135
-
Bedossan
slain
194
-
Bellegarde
D.
a
Favourite
29
-
Bethune
Count
sent
to
Treat
with
the
Q.
Mother
354
-
Bergerac
surrender'd
to
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
580
-
Bezaudan
slain
in
cold
Blood
168
-
Byron's
Conspiracy
,
216
He
is
sent
Ambassadour
into
England
,
217
His
Death
226
-
Birth
of
Henry
de
Foix
the
D.
of
Espernon
's
eldest
Son
,
and
of
Bernard
de
Foix
,
and
de
la
Valette
his
second
Son
129
-
Birth
of
Lewis
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
the
Duke
of
Espernon
's
youngest
Son
130
-
Birth
of
the
Dolphin
,
now
King
of
France
,
595
-
Blumet
slain
before
Chartres
135
-
Bourg
reliev'd
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon
129
-
La
Boissiere
slain
at
Aglimant
280
-
Bravery
of
a
Cooper
545
-
Breach
betwixt
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
and
Rucellay
359
-
Briet
's
Coach-Horses
kill'd
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon
's
Order
500
-
De
la
Broue
an
excellent
Rider
275
-
Buckingham
D.
447
-
Bustle
betwixt
Arquien
,
and
Tilladet
,
in
the
Cittadel
of
Metz
267
-
Bustle
betwixt
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
and
Du
Vair
Garde
des
Sceaux
310
-
Le
Buysson
a
Counsellor
in
the
Parliament
of
Paris
334
-
Bishop
of
Luson
afterwards
Cardinal
de
Richelieu
comes
to
the
Queen
Mother
to
Angoulesme
3●0
-
Bishop
of
Paris
Monsieur
de
Ret●
created
Cardinal
309
C.
-
CAdillac
founded
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon
210
-
Caen
delivered
up
to
the
King
372
-
Cahors
surprized
by
the
King
of
Navarre
22
-
Callis
besieg'd
,
193
Taken
by
Assault
195
-
Calonges
Governour
of
Montpellier
his
Character
410
-
Cambray
besieg'd
by
the
Condè
de
Fuentes
176
-
Cambresis
taken
by
the
Duke
de
Candalle
,
and
the
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
583
-
Campagnol
carries
Relief
into
Callis
beyond
expectation
,
194
His
brave
behaviour
there
195
-
Cannes
surrender'd
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
149
-
La
Capelle
,
le
Catelet
,
and
Corbie
taken
by
the
Spaniards
561
-
Captains
fourteen
hang'd
at
Montauron
,
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon
145
-
Cardinal
Richelieu
in
disgrace
,
480
Restor'd
to
favour
,
482
He
revenges
himself
upon
his
Enemies
484
-
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
made
Governour
of
Anjou
,
488
His
Death
604
-
Cardinal
Richelieu
made
prime
Minister
of
State
,
428
His
ambitious
designs
,
501
His
first
distaste
against
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
503
Another
,
504
He
declares
himself
opposite
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
429
-
Cardinal
Richelieu
comes
to
Montauban
,
464
He
is
there
visited
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
465
His
expedition
into
Italy
472
-
Cardinal
de
Medicis
sent
Legate
into
France
197
-
Cardinal
Aldobrandino
sent
Legate
into
France
208
-
Carricks
of
Portugal
Shipwrack'd
upon
the
Coast
of
Medoc
●n
Guienne
441
,
442
-
Casal
besieg'd
by
the
King
of
Spain
,
and
the
Duke
of
Savoy
,
460
The
Seige
rais'd
461
-
Caumont
enters
into
Arms
,
and
rescues
his
Pather
in
a
Skirmish
near
Mauvasin
,
6
Goes
to
the
Siege
of
Rochelle
,
and
thence
to
Court
,
7
,
8
He
puts
himself
into
the
King
of
Navarre
's
dependence
,
and
accomp●nies
him
in
his
Escape
from
St.
Germaines
,
9
He
withdraws
himself
from
the
King
of
Navarre
's
Service
10
-
Caumonts
second
Iourney
to
Court
,
where
he
is
very
well
receiv'd
by
the
King
,
and
the
Queen
Mother
,
10
,
11
He
receives
the
first
bounty
from
the
King
,
13
He
follows
the
Duke
of
Alanson
in
the
War
,
14
He
is
sent
Ambassadour
into
Savoy
17
-
Caumont
Camp-Master
to
the
Regiment
of
Champag●e
at
the
Siege
of
la
Fere
23
-
Caumont
's
first
Suit
to
the
King
in
the
behalf
of
his
elder
Brother
,
and
his
high
Favour
24
-
Caumont
offers
to
fight
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
but
is
not
permitted
by
the
King
24
,
25
-
Caumont
advanc'd
to
the
Dignity
of
Duke
and
Peer
of
France
26
-
Challenge
from
the
Duke
of
Espernon
to
the
Mareschal
d'
Ornano
,
213
The
Quarrel
taken
up
by
the
King
214
-
Challenge
from
the
Duke
of
Guise
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
244
-
Challenge
carried
by
Marsillac
from
Balagny
to
the
Duke
of
Eguillon
283
-
Challenge
from
the
Prince
of
Joinville
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
244
-
Chartres
surrendred
to
the
King
114
,
135
-
Chasteau-Neuf
Garde
des
Sceaux
in
disgrace
507
-
Chastillon
slain
before
Chartres
135
-
Church
Lands
in
Bearn
restor'd
306
-
Cicutat
taken
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon
150
-
Cinque-Mars
Grand
Escuyer
of
France
634
-
Cisteron
taken
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
150
-
Cittadel
of
Xaintes
demolish'd
362
-
Civil
War
breaks
out
431
-
Commotion
of
the
Princes
of
the
Blood
to
hinder
the
Match
with
Spain
291
-
Comparison
betwixt
the
Duke
of
Espernon
and
●'Esdiguieres
405
-
Conspiracy
of
Angoulesme
,
87
&
sequentibus
-
Conspiracy
against
the
Queen
Mother
at
Angoulesme
363
-
Conspiracy
against
the
Duke
of
Espernon
180
,
181
-
Council
of
sixteen
,
and
their
practices
68
,
69
-
Count
de
Brenne
344
-
Count
de
Candalle
slain
at
the
storming
of
Sommieres
60
-
Count
de
Bethune
sent
to
treat
with
the
Queen
Mother
354
-
Count
de
Moret
slain
496
-
Count
de
Soissons
retires
from
Court
572
-
Count
de
Soissons
furiously
exasperated
against
the
Duke
of
Espernon
273
-
Crequi
made
Camp-Master
to
the
Regiment
of
Guards
228
-
La
Croix
sent
by
the
Duke
de
Luines
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
369
D.
-
DEath
of
the
Cardinal
of
Guise
106
-
Death
of
the
Dutchess
of
Espernon
158
-
Death
of
Pere
Ange
de
Joyeuse
248
-
Death
of
the
Duke
of
Cleves
250
-
Death
of
the
Duke
de
Luines
395
-
Death
of
the
Count
de
Soisso●s
slain
at
the
Battel
of
Sedan
628
-
Death
of
the
Dutchess
de
la
Valette
444
-
Death
of
the
Dutchess
of
Orleans
445
-
Defagues
Massacred
at
Bordeaux
538
-
Description
of
the
City
of
Metz
39
-
Difference
betwixt
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
and
the
Parliament
of
Paris
207
,
&
sequentibus
.
-
Difference
betwixt
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
and
Villeroy
Secretary
of
State
42
,
52
-
Difference
betwixt
Pope
Paul
the
Fifth
,
and
the
Republick
of
Venice
compos'd
by
the
King
of
France
246
-
Difference
betwixt
the
Duke
of
Espernon
and
the
Archbishop
of
Bordeaux
507
-
Disorders
of
the
Kingdom
284
-
Dispute
betwixt
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
and
the
Mareschal
d'
Ornano
,
210
,
211
Another
238
-
Dispute
betwixt
the
Dukes
of
Espernon
,
and
Guise
243
-
Dispute
betwixt
the
Prince
of
Joinville
and
the
Duke
of
Espernon
244
-
Dispute
betwixt
the
Duke
of
Espernon
and
the
Baron
de
la
Chastagneraye
274
-
Dispute
betwixt
the
Duke
of
Espernon
and
Cardinal
Richelieu
about
the
Portugal
Carricks
446
-
Disputes
betwixt
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
and
the
Parliament
of
Bordeaux
,
424
,
429
Continued
436
-
Duel
betwixt
two
Captains
170
-
Duel
betwixt
two
Souldiers
286
-
Duke
de
Candalle
discontented
at
his
Partage
given
him
by
his
Father
,
278
He
is
Married
to
the
Dutchess
of
Haluin
278
His
Voyage
into
the
Levant
,
280
He
misdemeans
himself
in
Xaintonge
,
294
He
comes
to
his
Father
to
Bordeaux
,
443
444
His
Death
600
E.
-
EDict
de
Crue
erected
557
-
Edict
of
the
Vnion
with
the
League
published
at
Roan
80
-
Education
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
's
Children
275
-
English
Land
in
the
Isle
of
Rhe
,
448
Are
Defeated
455
-
Engagement
betwixt
the
Duke
of
Espernon
and
I'Esdiguieres
165
-
Enterview
betwixt
the
King
and
the
Queen
Mother
at
Cousieres
366
-
L'
Esdiguieres
Created
Constable
of
France
405
-
Esgarrebaques
Governour
of
Toulon
,
172
-
Espernon
Duke
offer'd
by
the
King
his
Majesties
Sister-in-Law
in
Marriage
,
which
he
modestly
refuses
,
25
He
is
sent
to
Treat
with
the
King
of
Navarre
,
31
,
By
whom
he
is
offer'd
the
Princess
Katharine
the
King
's
only
Sister
in
Marriage
33
His
dangerous
fall
near
to
Lyons
,
34
,
35
He
is
offer'd
the
Duke
of
Guises
Daughter
,
since
Princess
of
Conty
in
Marriage
,
which
he
refuses
,
36
He
is
sent
with
an
Army
into
Provence
,
50
His
Exploits
there
51
-
Espernon
Duke
Married
to
Margaret
de
Foix
,
and
de
Candalle
59
&
sequ
.
-
Espernon
Duke
beats
up
a
Quarter
of
German
Horse
63
-
Espernon
Duke
invested
with
the
Offices
vacant
by
the
Death
of
the
Duke
of
Joyeuse
,
slain
at
the
Battel
of
Coutras
,
as
also
with
those
vacant
by
the
Duke
de
Bellegarde
,
slain
at
the
same
Battel
,
65
He
exposes
himself
to
very
great
danger
,
69
He
retires
from
Court
,
80
He
returns
to
Court
,
and
is
well
receiv'd
,
111
He
refuses
to
follow
Henry
the
Fourth
,
and
leaves
the
Army
,
119
,
121
He
is
shot
into
the
mouth
at
Pierre
Fonds
,
134
He
is
sent
Governour
,
and
Captain
General
of
all
the
Kings
Forces
into
Provence
,
141
,
142
His
miraculous
escape
before
Aix
,
156
He
is
forsaken
by
his
Friends
in
Provence
,
176
He
is
traduc'd
by
the
Cardinal
d'
Ossat
,
183
He
comes
to
the
King
to
Amiens
,
200
His
expedition
into
Limousin
240
-
Espernon
Duke
goes
to
the
Hostel
de
Ville
at
Paris
upon
the
Death
of
Henry
the
Fourth
,
258
And
to
the
Augustins
,
259
His
Harangue
there
,
ibid.
-
Espernon
Duke
re-establish'd
in
Metz
267
-
Espernon
Duke
generously
refuses
to
consent
to
the
Murther
of
the
Duke
of
Sully
,
though
his
Enemy
,
265
He
divides
his
Estate
amongst
his
three
Sons
,
277
He
rejects
the
proferr'd
Alliance
of
the
Mareschal
d'
Encre
,
282
He
falls
sick
at
Angoulesme
295
-
Espernon
Duke
in
Disgrace
297
-
Espernon
Duke
in
great
danger
,
298
He
retires
from
Court
,
299
He
presents
himself
before
Rochelle
303
-
Espernon
Duke's
preparation
in
order
to
the
Queen
Mothers
escape
from
Blois
,
332
His
Magnificence
,
364
His
Letter
to
the
King
365
-
Espernon
Duke
,
his
Expedition
into
Bearne
,
380
His
successes
there
,
383
His
Generosity
384
-
Espernon
Duke
his
Expedition
against
Rochelle
,
389
His
Actions
there
392
-
Espernon
Duke
goes
to
lay
Siege
to
Royan
398
-
Espernon
Duke
created
Governour
of
Guienne
,
403
He
takes
possession
of
his
Government
,
420
He
falls
sick
,
456
He
entertains
the
Queen
at
Cadillac
503
-
Espernon
Duke
stops
the
Progress
of
Rebellion
in
Guienne
,
486
And
thereupon
is
confi●'d
to
his
House
Plassac
,
528
He
is
Excommunicated
,
505
Absolv'd
,
532
He
falls
sick
536
-
Espernon
Duke
goes
against
the
Mutineers
of
Bordeaux
,
541
And
suppresses
them
550
-
Espernon
Duke
aspers'd
,
ibid.
He
receives
some
reparation
,
553
He
again
falls
sick
,
555
And
again
at
Bayonne
563
-
Espernon
Duke
in
the
greatest
Disgrace
,
598
He
is
depos'd
from
his
Government
,
and
cal●mniated
,
599
Whereupon
he
again
falls
sick
,
600
And
again
at
Plassac
618
-
Espernon
Duke
commanded
to
retire
to
Loches
,
and
upon
what
occasion
,
619
&
sequ
.
His
arrival
there
631
-
Espernon
Duke
falls
mortally
sick
,
644
His
good
disposition
to
dye
,
646
His
Death
650
-
Estampes
taken
by
Assault
114
-
D'Estampes
barbarously
slain
168
F.
-
FAmine
in
Guienne
480
-
Father
Arnoux
a
Iesuite
320
-
Favier
sent
to
Metz
as
a
spy
upon
the
Duke
of
Espernon
314
-
Faure
a
common
Souldier
receives
a
Cannon-shot
in
the
Belly
,
of
which
he
miraculously
escapes
402
-
La
Fere
surpriz'd
by
the
Prince
of
Condé
,
22
Surrendred
to
the
King
169
-
Fewd
betwixt
the
Princes
of
the
Blood
,
and
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
273
Wherein
the
Queen
Regent
is
favourable
to
the
Duke
274
-
Fontarabie
besieg'd
by
the
Prince
of
Condé
,
563
The
Prince
defeated
there
596
-
Fontrailles
634
-
Fort
of
Aix
demolish'd
172
-
Fort
at
Arras
taken
by
Assault
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon
201
-
Frejus
taken
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon
150
G.
-
GArde
des
Sceaux
du
Vair
310
-
Gergeau
taken
by
the
King
114
-
De
Gourgues
first
President
of
the
Parliament
of
Bordeaux
,
418
His
Letter
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
419
Which
begets
an
open
Rupture
betwixt
them
,
423
His
Death
and
Character
459
-
Grillon
189
,
190
-
Guines
surrender'd
to
the
Arch-Duke
of
Austria
196
-
Guise
Duke
retires
from
Court
,
and
breaks
into
Rebellion
,
29
He
approaches
with
his
Army
to
Paris
,
42
Comes
to
Court
,
81
His
Death
106
-
Guise
Duke
,
Son
to
the
late
Duke
of
Guise
,
created
Governour
of
Provence
,
174
He
goes
into
Provence
with
an
Army
against
the
Duke
of
Espernon
175
H.
-
HAM
surrendred
to
the
Arch-Duke
of
Austria
196
-
Harangue
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
in
the
Hostel
de
Ville
of
Paris
259
-
Henry
the
third
Proclaims
War
with
the
Hugonots
,
49
He
forbids
the
Duke
of
Guise
from
coming
to
Paris
,
70
Who
notwithstanding
comes
,
71
He
resolves
to
put
the
Duke
of
Guise
to
Death
105
-
Henry
the
Third
retires
to
Chartres
72
-
Henry
the
Third
together
with
the
King
of
Navarre
escape
narrowly
of
being
both
taken
at
Tours
110
-
Henry
the
Third
sl●in
at
St.
Clou
116
,
117
-
Henry
the
●ourth
turns
Roman
Catholick
160
-
Henry
the
Fourth
comes
to
the
Leaguer
before
Amiens
200
-
Henry
the
Fourths
Expedition
to
Sedan
245
-
Henry
the
Fourth
raises
a
mighty
Army
250
-
Henry
the
Fourths
Speech
to
the
Queen
in
the
Duke
of
Espernon
's
Favour
251
Henry
the
Fourth
slain
by
Ravillac
253
I.
-
JAne
Albret
Queen
of
Navarre
deny'd
entrance
into
Lietoure
by
Monsieur
de
la
Valette
3
,
4
-
La
Iliere
Governour
of
Loches
341
-
Joyeuse
rises
in
favour
,
15
He
is
shot
in
the
Face
at
the
Siege
of
la
Fere
,
23
Advanc'd
to
the
Dignity
of
Duke
,
and
Peer
of
France
,
26
He
is
slain
at
the
Battel
of
Coutras
65
-
Isle
of
Maran
surpriz'd
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon
394
K.
-
KAtharine
of
Bourbon
only
Sister
to
Henry
the
Fourth
,
Married
to
the
Duke
of
Bar
203
-
King
of
Navarre
advances
to
the
relief
of
the
D.
of
Espernon
at
Angoulesme
100
-
King
of
Sweeden
wins
the
Battel
of
Lipsick
490
-
King
of
Navarre
makes
his
escape
from
St.
Germanes
,
9
He
joyns
Forces
with
Henry
the
Third
of
France
,
110
His
First
aversion
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
augmented
at
the
Siege
of
Estampes
114
,
115
L.
-
LAfin's
Character
206
-
Laon
Besieg'd
230
-
League
take
up
Arms
,
38
Their
Exploits
,
41
They
publish
a
Manifesto
against
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
and
his
Brother
,
75
-
Lendrecis
taken
by
the
Duke
de
Candalle
583
-
Letter
from
the
Queen
Mother
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
323
Another
,
329
-
Another
,
330
Another
352
-
Letter
from
the
King
to
the
Q
Mother
ibid.
-
Letter
from
the
King
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
521
-
Letter
from
the
Queen
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
and
from
the
Cardinal
,
608
Answer
to
the
Cardinal
's
609
-
Letter
from
Lewis
the
Thirteenth
to
the
Queen
Mother
after
her
escape
from
Blois
354
-
Letter
from
Lewis
the
Thirteenth
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
622
The
Answer
623
-
Lewis
the
Thirteenth
resolves
to
arrest
the
Duke
of
Espernon
311
-
Lewis
the
Thirteenth
his
Expedition
into
Italy
,
461
He
falls
sick
at
Lyons
,
478
-
Recovers
480
-
Limoges
Rescu'd
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon
out
of
the
hands
of
the
League
125
-
Lorme
's
Treachery
334
,
&
sequ
.
Lorrain
Duke
makes
War
upon
France
471
Luines
the
great
Favourite
,
308
His
Quarrel
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
310
His
design
to
〈◊〉
him
,
311
Prevented
by
the
Duke's
retiring
312
M.
-
MAdaillan
calumniates
the
Duke
of
Espernon
635
-
Madam
the
Kings
Sister
falls
sick
of
the
Small
Pox
at
Poictiers
292
-
Marcelles
attempted
by
the
Duke
of
Esper
non
,
but
in
vain
153
-
Mareschal
Byron
sent
Ambassadour
into
England
,
217
And
into
Switzerland
,
218
-
Mareschal
Byron
arrives
at
Fountain
Bleau
,
222
He
is
beheaded
223
-
Mareschal
d'
Encre
takes
Arms
against
the
Prince
of
Condé
,
and
his
Faction
,
300
His
Death
307
-
Mareschal
de
Themines
his
difference
with
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
421
They
are
reconcil'd
423
-
Marquis
de
la
Valette
Marries
Madamoiselle
de
Vernevil
Marquis
de
la
Force
revolts
in
Bearne
379
-
Marquis
de
la
Valette
like
to
be
slain
by
a
Mine
401
-
Marsillac
slain
at
the
Siege
of
Privas
284
-
Mascaron
slain
before
Chartres
135
-
Match
with
the
Infanta
of
Spain
concluded
,
282
-
Matelet
defeated
attempting
to
relieve
Callis
195
-
Maubeuge
taken
by
the
Duke
de
Candalle
583
-
Mauzac
surrender'd
to
the
D.
of
Esp.
144
-
Mayenne
Duke
goes
with
a
great
Army
against
the
Queen
Mother
,
356
He
is
slain
by
a
Musket-sh●t
before
Montauban
395
-
Minieux
defeated
,
and
taken
Prisoner
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon
133
-
Miraculous
escape
182
-
Mirebeau
taken
by
the
Spaniard
562
-
Moissac
surrendred
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
144
-
Moncassin
wounded
at
Tours
110
-
Monserrat
describ'd
409
-
Monsieur
de
la
Valette
defeats
part
of
the
Forcin
Army
at
Lizere
66
-
Monsieur
Marries
the
Dutchess
of
Montpensier
439
-
Monsieur
retires
in
discontent
from
Court
,
471
He
returns
,
472
He
retires
again
from
Court
572
-
Monsieur
retires
into
Flanders
,
484
He
invades
the
Kingdom
〈◊〉
France
492
-
Monsieur
de
la
Valette
Brother
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
slain
at
the
Siege
of
Roquebrune
138
-
Montauban
reliev'd
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
144
Surrendred
464
-
Montauron
surrendred
to
Mercy
to
the
D.
of
Espernon
145
-
Montereau
Faut-Yonne
taken
by
Petarr
115
-
Montmelian
surrendred
to
the
King's
Army
208
-
Montmorency
D.
declares
in
favour
of
the
Monsieur
,
492
He
is
taken
Prisoner
,
497
He
is
brought
to
Tholouze
in
order
to
his
Trial
,
498
The
Duke
of
Espernon
intercedes
for
him
,
but
in
vain
,
499
He
is
beheaded
502
-
Montpellier
besieg'd
,
410
Surrendred
,
414
-
Montpensier
Duke
Marries
Katharine
de
Joyeuse
,
203
His
Death
247
-
Money
sent
by
the
Queen
Mother
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
in
order
to
her
escape
from
the
Castle
of
Blois
330
N.
-
NEgrepolisse
taken
by
assault
403
-
Nevers
D.
presents
himself
with
a
great
Army
before
Metz
358
,
359
-
La
Noue
,
his
attempt
and
Character
392
-
Noyon
surrendred
to
the
King
135
O.
-
OAth
Administred
to
the
Queen
Mother
320
-
Obeliske
erected
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon
in
the
Church
of
St.
Clou
to
the
Memory
of
his
Master
Henry
the
third
of
France
269
-
Obsequies
of
the
two
Kings
,
Henry
the
Third
,
and
Fourth
of
France
perform'd
at
one
,
and
the
same
time
269
-
Office
of
Colonel
General
of
France
erected
in
Favour
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
37
P.
-
PAris
besieg'd
116
-
Parliament
of
Bordeaux
draw
up
an
Information
against
the
Duke
of
Espernon
519
-
Peace
with
the
Hugonots
concluded
436
-
Peace
betwixt
the
King
and
the
Queen
Mother
concluded
at
Angoulesme
358
-
Peace
concluded
with
the
Prince
of
Condé
286
-
Peace
between
the
Crowns
of
France
and
Spain
concluded
at
Vervins
202
,
203
-
Peace
concluded
with
Savoy
209
-
Pedro
Medici
wounded
at
the
storming
of
Aglimant
in
Caramania
280
-
Perigueux
Revolts
,
but
the
Mutiny
is
appeas'd
by
Verthamont
Intendant
de
la
Justice
548
-
Peyroles
deserts
the
Duke
of
Espernon
177
-
Philip
Cospean
his
beginning
and
advancement
236
,
237
-
Pignerol
in
Savoy
taken
by
Cardinal
Richelieu
472
-
Fimentel
an
Italian
Gamester
comes
to
the
French
Court
235
-
Piviers
open
its
Gates
to
the
King
114
-
Plessis
Baussonniere
sent
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon
to
Mareschal
Byron
220
,
221
-
Plessis
Baussonniere
comes
to
the
Queen
Mother
to
Blois
,
343
,
344
His
Death
489
-
Pompeo
Targone
an
Italian
Engineer
393
-
Pont
de
Cé
assaulted
,
and
the
Pass
gain'd
372
-
Pontoise
surrendred
116
-
Princes
of
the
Blood
discontented
272
-
Prince
of
Condé
returns
to
Court
,
and
appears
dissatisfied
with
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
269
He
is
confin'd
269
-
Prince
of
Condé
offers
some
propositions
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
610
Which
are
rejected
by
the
Duke
612
-
Prince
of
Condé
made
Lieutenant
General
in
Guienne
,
and
some
other
adjoyning
Provinces
452
-
Prince
of
Condé
arrives
in
Guienne
590
-
Privas
taken
by
Assault
462
Q.
-
QVeen
Anne
of
Austria
arrives
at
Bordeaux
296
-
Queen
Elizabeth
of
England
sends
a
Complement
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
by
Mareschal
Byron
219
-
Queen
Mother
sent
to
Treat
an
Accommodation
with
the
Lords
of
the
League
,
47
Which
is
concluded
at
Nemours
49
-
Queen
Mother
sent
to
Treat
with
the
King
of
Navarre
54
,
55
-
Queen
Mother
Mary
de
Medici
attempts
to
recover
her
Liberty
,
316
She
addresses
her self
to
the
Duke
of
Bouillon
,
317
She
escapes
from
Blois
,
349
&
sequ
.
She
is
receiv'd
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
350
She
arrives
at
Loches
,
351
Her
Letter
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
352
Her
Letter
to
the
King
353
-
Queen
Mother
prepares
for
War
,
and
is
deserted
by
all
the
Nobility
,
excepting
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
354
She
departs
from
Angoulesme
to
go
to
court
366
-
Queen
Mother
begins
a
second
War
,
370
but
with
ill
success
,
372
Whereupon
an
Accommodation
ensues
373
-
Queen
Mother
professes
an
open
hatred
to
Cardinal
Richelieu
,
471
She
retires
into
Flanders
484
R.
-
RAmefort
deserts
the
Duke
of
Espernon
176
-
Ramée
a
common
Souldier
receives
a
strange
shot
before
Royan
,
of
which
he
as
strangely
recovers
402
-
Rèbellion
breaks
out
in
several
Provinces
of
France
,
577
Quieted
by
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
580
-
Reiters
enter
into
France
,
54
They
Article
,
and
retire
64
-
Three
Remarkable
Stories
616
,
617
-
Reply
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
to
the
King
240
-
Retreat
of
Houdan
made
by
Monsieur
de
la
Valette
father
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
3
-
Retreat
made
by
the
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
554
-
Revol
made
Secretary
of
State
106
-
Revolt
of
Montauban
431
-
Rhosne
a
Gentleman
of
Champagne
192
-
Richelieu
Brother
to
the
Cardinal
slain
by
the
Marquis
de
Themines
362
-
Rochefort
surpriz'd
by
the
Rochellers
301
-
Rochelle
surrendred
to
the
King
457
-
Rohan
Duke
takes
Armes
462
-
Royan
describ'd
,
398
,
399
The
Suburbs
taken
,
400
And
the
Town
by
assault
402
-
Rucellay
a
Florentine
,
317
He
arrives
at
Sedan
321
-
Rucellay
Treats
with
the
Duke
of
Espernon
about
the
Queen
Mothers
Escape
from
Blois
328
-
Rucellay
deserts
the
Queen
Mother
,
361
-
His
Gratitude
and
good
Offices
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
377
-
Rupture
betwixt
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
and
Villeroy
Secretary
of
State
,
42
Which
grows
wider
52
,
53
-
Rupture
betwixt
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
and
the
Duke
de
Luines
309
S.
-
SAlly
at
Aix
,
152
Two
others
157
-
St.
Affrick
besieg'd
by
the
Prince
of
Condé
,
454
But
with
ill
success
455
-
St.
Affrick
taken
,
and
dismantled
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon
486
-
St.
Blancart
created
Admiral
of
France
139
-
St.
Germains
surrendred
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
126
-
St.
Jean'd
Angeli
surrendred
,
and
preserved
from
being
sack'd
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon
388
-
St.
Jean
de
Luz
taken
by
the
Spaniard
565
-
St.
Luc's
Disgrace
,
with
the
reasons
of
it
19
,
20
-
St.
Tropes
taken
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
150
Retaken
by
Mesples
179
-
Savoy
practices
the
Mareschal
Byron
286
-
La
Sauvitat
taken
by
Assault
580
-
Sedition
of
Guienne
535
-
Siege
of
Perigueux
rais'd
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon
107
-
Sentence
of
Excommunication
against
the
Duke
of
Espernon
515
-
Separation
betwixt
the
Duke
de
Candalle
and
the
Dutchess
his
Wife
278
-
Sieurs
de
Vaous
Brothers
desert
the
Duke
of
Espernon
176
-
Skirmish
betwixt
the
Dukes
of
Espernon
and
Guise
179
-
Sobole
Deputy
Governour
of
Metz
,
230
His
ingratitude
,
231
He
is
depos'd
from
his
Government
232
-
Society
of
the
Iesuites
reestablish'd
in
Metz
233
-
Socoa
taken
by
the
Spaniard
565
-
Soubize
invades
the
Country
of
Medoc
,
434
He
is
defeated
435
-
Spain
and
Savoy
invade
the
Duke
of
Mantua
460
-
Spanish
Forces
invade
Picardy
,
561
And
Guienne
562
-
Spanish
Army
defeated
by
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
582
-
Speech
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
to
the
King
78
-
Speech
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
in
the
Council
30
-
Speech
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
to
his
Officers
,
153
Another
173
-
Speech
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
to
the
Queen
upon
the
Death
of
Henry
the
Fourth
of
France
254
-
Speech
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
to
the
Parliament
of
Paris
209
T.
-
De
Thou
involv'd
in
the
Ruine
of
Cinq-Mars
,
Grand
Escuyer
of
France
635
-
Tilting
at
Bordeaux
440
-
Toiras
sent
by
the
Duke
de
Luines
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
369
-
Truce
betwixt
Spain
,
and
the
United
Provinces
concluded
248
V.
-
VAlette
Duke
forces
le
Pas
de
Suze
,
461
He
is
in
disgrace
,
597
Flies
into
England
,
598
He
is
in
his
Absence
sentenc'd
to
Death
602
-
Varennes
621
-
Verneque
slain
in
the
Levant
280
-
Verthamont
Intendant
de
la
Justice
in
Guienne
473
-
Villandry
slain
at
Aglimant
280
-
Villebois
taken
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon
127
-
Villemur
reliev'd
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon
143
-
Vincentio
Ludovici
sent
from
the
Queen
Mother
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
322
W.
-
WAR
with
England
,
447
Whereupon
follows
a
Commotion
of
the
Hugonot
Party
in
France
451
-
War
with
Savoy
471
-
Worthy
Act
of
a
mean
Fellow
551
THE
HISTORY
Of
the
LIFE
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
The
First
Book
.
IOHN
Lewis
de
Nogaret
,
and
de
la
Valette
Duke
of
Espernon
,
whose
History
I
attempt
to
write
,
though
he
were
,
in
the
Progress
of
a
long
Life
,
for
the
most
part
the
Favourite
of
Fortune
,
stood
notwithstanding
no
less
oblig'd
to
Nature
for
the
advantages
he
came
into
the
world
withal
by
his
Noble
Extraction
.
The
Dukes
Extraction
.
He
was
descended
from
an
Illustrious
Family
in
the
Higher
Gascony
,
and
so
ancient
,
that
it
has
continued
above
five
hundred
years
from
Male
to
Male
,
without
intermission
;
a
truth
I
could
without
much
difficulty
prove
,
out
of
the
Records
,
and
Evidences
in
my
Custody
,
did
not
his
Genealogy
,
already
drawn
by
a
more
skilful
hand
,
render
that
pains
unnecessary
in
this
place
.
I
shall
therefore
only
undertake
a
Narrative
of
the
●rincipal
Actions
of
his
Life
,
without
troubling
my
Reader
,
or
my self
,
with
a
superfluous
Catalogue
of
his
Ancestors
.
The
matter
,
of
which
I
intend
to
treat
,
is
of
it self
so
ample
,
as
might
find
work
enough
for
a
better
Pen
;
and
although
birth
be
acknowledg'd
by
all
to
be
the
foundation
,
upon
which
all
superstructures
of
Fortune
do
ordinarily
erect
themselves
,
I
should
not
nevertheless
make
any
mention
of
this
Dukes
,
had
not
the
merit
and
vertue
of
Iohn
de
Valette
his
Father
such
a
relation
to
the
History
of
his
Son
,
as
will
not
permit
their
names
to
be
separated
without
manifest
injury
to
the
one
,
or
the
other
.
Finding
my self
then
oblig'd
to
look
a
little
back
,
and
to
say
something
of
his
Father
before
I
come
to
him
,
I
shall
tell
you
(
with
the
best
Historians
of
that
time
)
that
he
was
rank'd
amongst
the
greatest
Captains
of
this
Kingdom
;
and
that
by
the
meer
consideration
of
his
Prudence
,
and
Valour
,
without
any
advantage
of
Favour
,
he
was
made
Camp-Master
to
the
Light
Horse
of
France
,
and
the
Kings
Lieutenant
General
in
Guienne
;
a
Province
abounding
in
Nobility
,
and
Gentry
,
and
men
of
such
spirits
,
as
would
have
made
a
difficulty
of
their
Obedience
to
any
Superiour
,
where
there
had
not
been
an
indisputable
concurrence
of
Merit
,
and
Blood
.
But
these
two
qualities
,
happily
meeting
in
the
person
of
Mounsier
de
la
Valette
,
gave
him
so
great
an
interest
,
if
not
so
absolute
a
power
in
that
Countrey
,
that
notwithstanding
it
was
during
the
time
of
his
Government
unquiet
and
mutinous
in
many
places
,
and
in
some
even
to
a
contempt
of
the
Kings
Royal
Power
;
yet
his
Authority
,
never
received
in
those
very
places
the
least
affront
,
or
contradiction
.
He
commanded
Armies
in
chief
,
which
were
led
,
paid
,
arm'd
,
provided
for
,
and
kept
together
by
his
Conduct
and
Care
;
and
I
my self
have
seen
many
Acts
and
Monuments
of
that
time
which
sufficiently
discover
the
Power
and
Dignity
he
preserv'd
entire
,
even
in
the
most
difficult
functions
of
his
charge
.
It
was
he
,
who
in
the
Battels
of
Dreux
,
of
Iarnac
,
and
of
Moncountour
,
who
in
the
Ski●mishes
of
Iasennes
,
of
Rene
le
Duc
,
and
in
all
the
most
signal
actions
of
his
time
,
exercising
the
Office
of
Comp-Master
to
the
Light
Horse
,
by
his
courage
and
conduct
won
to
himself
a
principal
share
of
the
Honour
due
to
the
successes
of
the
Royal
Arms
;
and
chiefly
in
the
Battel
of
Iarnac
,
which
he
undertook
with
so
much
prudence
,
and
fought
it
with
so
much
bravery
,
that
[
](A42794-e13210-b)*
*
D'
Avila
.
they
who
write
the
Transactions
of
that
time
,
attribute
supereminently
to
him
the
reputation
of
that
dayes
Victory
.
It
was
he
that
made
the
brave
Retreat
of
Houdan
,
one
of
the
most
memorable
Exploits
of
that
Age
,
which
,
though
it
be
recorded
by
other
Writers
,
deserves
to
be
recited
here
;
and
the
circumstances
,
which
I
have
several
times
heard
repeated
to
the
Duke
his
Son
,
will
not
render
a
relation
suspected
that
stands
justified
by
our
own
[
](A42794-e13240-b)*
*
Mr.
De
Tho●
D'
A●bign●
.
Historians
.
The
Hugonot
Army
had
laid
siege
to
the
City
of
Chartres
,
and
that
of
the
King
was
dispos'd
to
relieve
it
;
but
that
being
a
work
of
greater
preparation
,
and
leisure
,
than
the
condition
of
the
besieged
could
well
admit
,
the
Royal
Party
conceiv'd
,
that
to
disturb
the
Enemies
Camp
with
frequent
Alarums
would
give
the
defendants
some
convenient
respite
,
till
a
sufficient
succour
might
be
made
ready
to
come
.
Mounsieur
de
la
Valette
was
he
that
would
take
upon
him
to
execute
this
design
,
Remarkable
exploits
of
Iohn
de
la
Valette
the
D●●e's
Father
.
and
accordingly
keeping
himself
for
the
most
part
on
Horseback
,
he
gave
so
good
an
account
of
what
he
had
undertaken
,
that
few
dayes
past
wherein
he
obtain'd
not
some
signal
advantage
over
the
Enemy
:
Now
beating
up
one
quarter
,
now
alarming
another
,
with
such
an
active
and
unwearied
diligence
,
as
put
the
Enemy
to
an
unintermitted
duty
,
and
forc'd
them
continually
to
stand
to
their
Arms.
The
Admiral
Coligny
,
who
commanded
at
this
Leaguer
under
the
Prince
of
Conde
,
nettled
at
the
inconveniences
his
Army
suffered
by
these
frequent
inroads
of
Mounsieur
de
la
Valette
,
meditatated
with
himself
a
revenge
,
and
to
lay
a
Trap
to
catch
him
:
to
which
purpose
he
stole
privately
from
his
Camp
with
3500
Horse
;
Mounsieur
de
la
Valette
having
but
500
in
all
,
lay
baiting
his
Horses
in
a
Wood
for
the
execution
of
his
enterprize
.
The
Admiral
,
who
had
observ'd
his
motion
,
surpriz'd
him
in
this
posture
,
set
upon
him
,
and
charg'd
him
,
almost
before
perceiv'd
:
notwithstanding
all
which
,
he
found
a
brave
resistance
,
and
Mounsieur
de
la
Valette
without
being
astonish't
,
●either
at
the
presence
of
so
great
a
Captain
,
or
the
inequality
of
their
Armies
,
having
given
his
Souldiers
time
to
mount
,
charg'd
him
several
times
with
advantage
,
and
made
good
his
Retreat
for
six
Leagues
together
in
the
open
Countrey
of
Beausse
,
the
Admiral
never
being
able
,
during
the
retreat
,
either
to
break
his
order
,
or
force
him
to
a
general
engagement
:
an
action
of
so
high
a
repute
,
that
there
are
few
Historians
who
have
not
set
a
particular
mark
upon
it
for
one
of
the
most
memorable
of
that
time
.
If
we
yet
pass
from
his
publick
actions
of
Command
,
to
enquire
into
the
private
engagements
of
his
single
person
,
I
can
perhaps
fit
you
with
as
remarkable
a
story
of
that
kind
as
you
have
read
.
Iane
Albret
Queen
of
Navarre
,
a
great
Fautress
to
those
of
the
Reformed
Religion
,
of
which
she
her self
also
made
publick
Profession
,
desirous
to
draw
all
places
within
her
demean
into
the
same
perswasion
,
presented
her self
before
Leitoure
to
be
there
receiv'd
.
A
Town
of
so
advantageous
a
situation
,
and
therefore
so
considerable
in
Guienne
,
that
the
successive
Governours
of
that
Province
have
ever
had
a
particular
regard
to
the
preservation
of
that
place
,
Mounsieur
de
la
Valette
who
had
received
private
Instructions
from
King
Charles
the
Ninth
,
to
have
an
eye
to
the
actions
of
this
Princess
,
and
to
frustrate
her
designs
;
but
with
all
outward
shew
of
respect
(
the
King
being
unwilling
to
break
openly
with
her
)
having
intelligence
,
that
she
meant
to
attempt
that
place
,
prevented
her
by
his
diligence
,
and
at
her
coming
refus'd
her
entrance
into
that
Town
.
The
Queen
highly
incens'd
at
this
affront
,
makes
her
complaint
to
the
King
,
who
,
to
satisfie
her
,
seem'd
in
publick
to
condemn
an
action
,
which
in
his
heart
he
highly
approv'd
,
commanding
him
to
go
as
far
as
Pau
,
where
the
Queen
then
resided
,
and
there
by
all
the
submissive
means
imaginable
to
make
his
excuse
.
Mounsieur
de
la
Valette
having
received
this
command
,
attended
only
by
one
Page
very
well
mounted
,
and
another
inferiour
servant
,
takes
his
journey
to
the
Queen
;
to
whom
he
humbly
offer'd
all
the
excuses
,
and
submissions
,
that
the
dignity
of
the
offended
party
could
reasonably
exact
from
a
meaner
offender
,
and
for
a
higher
of●ence
:
But
this
Princess
,
of
a
sex
and
condition
not
apt
to
forget
an
Injury
,
was
by
no
means
satisfied
with
whatever
he
could
say
to
appease
her
;
and
whether
it
were
,
that
she
discover'd
to
two
Gentlemen
of
her
Court
,
whereof
one
was
called
Pinsons
,
and
the
other
Bisquerre
,
that
nothing
but
the
death
of
Mounsieur
de
la
Valette
could
satisfie
her
;
or
that
they
of
themselves
(
as
Courts
ordinarily
produce
wicked
instruments
enough
to
execute
the
passions
of
the
Great
)
voluntarily
meditated
his
ruine
,
is
yet
to
be
discover'd
:
But
so
it
was
that
these
two
combin'd
together
to
lie
in
wait
for
him
by
the
way
he
was
to
return
,
and
to
dispatch
him
.
Mounsieur
de
la
Valette
having
taken
his
leave
of
Pau
,
without
being
able
with
all
the
submission
he
could
use
,
and
with
all
the
Interest
he
could
make
,
to
reconcile
himself
to
the
Queen
,
was
now
on
his
own
way
home
in
the
same
equipage
he
came
,
when
his
servant
,
looking
accidentally
back
,
perceiv'd
three
men
rush
out
of
a
Wood
hard
by
,
and
the
two
formost
(
who
were
arm'd
)
to
come
upon
the
spur
directly
towards
his
Master
,
the
third
it
seems
being
(
as
it
was
afterward
reported
)
one
of
the
Queens
Domesticks
,
sent
rather
to
be
a
witness
of
,
than
an
assistant
in
the
intended
assasinate
.
Mounsieur
de
la
Valette
at
the
first
sight
apprehending
them
for
what
indeed
they
were
,
and
their
business
for
what
really
it
was
,
immediately
commanded
his
Page
to
alight
,
and
having
mounted
his
Horse
,
spur'd
boldly
upon
them
,
with
so
much
gallantry
and
success
,
that
he
left
them
both
dead
upon
the
place
.
I
have
often
seen
the
Sword
he
made
use
of
in
this
occasion
,
and
have
often
heard
the
manner
of
the
action
related
to
the
Duke
in
the
very
same
terms
I
deliver
it
here
.
From
this
wise
and
valiant
Captain
(
the
Epithetes
with
which
all
the
Historians
of
that
time
have
honoured
the
Vertue
of
this
great
man
)
and
from
Iane
de
Saint
Lary
de
Bellegarde
,
Sister
to
the
Mareschal
de
Dellegarde
,
and
Niece
to
the
Mareschal
de
Termes
,
were
descended
Bernard
,
Iean
Louis
,
and
another
Iean
de
Nagaret
,
and
de
la
Valette
,
the
eldest
in
the
year
1553.
Iean
Louis
in
May
,
1554
,
and
the
youngest
died
almost
as
soon
as
born
.
They
had
likewise
issue
three
Daughters
,
Helene
,
Catharine
,
and
Mary
,
the
eldest
of
which
having
engaged
her
affection
,
before
her
Brother
rose
to
favour
,
with
the
Marquess
of
Rouillac
a
young
Gentleman
of
good
quality
in
the
Countrey
,
preferr'd
him
to
many
others
her
Brother
afterwards
offered
to
her
:
The
second
was
married
to
the
Count
de
Bouchage
Brother
to
the
Duke
of
Ioyeuse
fellow
Favourite
with
Iean
Louis
,
from
which
match
sprung
Catherine
de
Ioyeuse
now
Dutchess
of
Guise
.
The
last
married
the
Count
of
Brienne
,
of
the
House
of
Luxemberg
,
and
she
died
without
Issue
,
within
a
few
years
after
she
was
married
.
The
two
Brothers
Bernard
,
and
Iean
Louis
,
having
been
brought
up
in
their
Fathers
House
till
the
ages
of
thirteen
,
and
fourteen
years
,
were
from
thence
sent
to
the
Colledge
of
Navarre
at
Paris
,
there
to
continue
their
studies
;
where
,
amongst
other
instructions
,
they
had
particular
charge
often
to
see
,
and
diligently
to
observe
Mounsieur
de
Villeroy
,
then
Secretary
of
State
,
and
a
man
lookt
upon
as
an
extraordinary
person
in
that
imployment
.
Mounsieur
de
la
Valette
esteeming
him
for
his
intimate
,
and
assured
friend
,
hoped
in
him
to
establish
such
a
friendship
for
his
Children
in
their
greener
years
,
as
might
one
day
be
of
great
use
and
advantage
to
them
:
so
hard
it
is
,
even
for
the
wisest
to
foresee
the
events
of
things
,
this
very
man
proving
at
last
,
amongst
all
the
great
Ministers
,
that
govern'd
the
Affairs
of
that
time
,
the
only
,
or
the
greatest
enemy
to
their
Advancement
and
Fortune
.
After
some
years
continuance
of
their
studies
at
Paris
,
Anno
157●
.
the
report
of
a
War
,
spread
from
all
parts
,
so
enflam'd
the
noble
courages
of
these
two
young
Gentlemen
,
that
it
was
impossible
longer
to
restrain
them
from
the
exercise
of
Arms.
They
considered
Letters
now
as
an
obstacle
to
something
nobler
they
conceiv'd
themselves
oblig'd
to
profess
;
so
that
their
Governour
fearing
some
sally
of
youth
,
should
he
carry
too
rude
a
hand
over
them
,
was
constrain'd
to
give
Mounsieur
de
la
Valette
timely
notice
of
the
disposition
of
his
Sons
.
Their
Father
either
unwilling
to
cross
them
in
their
first
desires
,
or
loth
to
discourage
so
early
and
so
generous
resolutions
,
and
considering
the
maturity
of
their
age
,
now
grown
up
to
Man
,
and
fit
to
undergo
the
hardships
of
War
,
upon
the
first
intimation
call'd
them
home
,
to
place
them
by
his
own
side
,
there
to
share
with
him
the
fortune
of
War
,
which
chanc'd
to
be
about
the
beginning
of
the
troubles
that
happened
in
the
year
1570.
Mounsieur
de
la
Valette
,
having
by
the
great
services
he
had
done
the
King
in
his
Armies
attracted
the
envy
or
jealousie
of
the
other
Chiefs
,
who
were
more
diligent
at
Court
than
he
,
was
by
their
procurement
sent
away
into
his
Government
to
oppose
,
as
was
pretended
,
the
designs
and
enterprizes
,
that
those
of
the
Reformed
Religion
daily
practised
in
several
parts
of
that
Province
.
And
whether
this
were
effectively
the
true
,
or
but
the
pretended
cause
of
his
dispatch
into
Guienne
,
so
it
was
that
he
was
commanded
there
to
reside
,
which
he
accordingly
did
,
and
during
that
residence
perform'd
many
notable
exploits
,
to
the
advantage
of
his
Masters
Interest
:
amongst
which
I
cannot
omit
the
mention
of
one
,
that
particularly
relates
to
the
honour
of
his
second
Son
,
whose
History
I
have
undertaken
,
and
to
whom
his
Father
had
given
the
name
of
Caumont
,
The
first
Exploit
of
Iean
Louis
called
Caumont
.
by
which
we
shall
for
some
time
call
him
.
In
an
encounter
that
happened
near
to
Mauvasin
,
whether
Mounsieur
de
la
Valette
had
carry'd
his
two
Sons
,
he
charg'd
so
far
into
the
Enemies
Body
,
that
his
Horse
being
kill'd
under
him
,
he
was
himself
in
manifest
danger
of
his
life
,
when
Caumont
seeing
his
Father
in
that
peril
,
threw
himself
desperately
in
amongst
them
,
and
being
well
seconded
by
some
few
of
the
Troop
,
behav'd
himself
so
well
as
to
disengage
and
bring
him
off
;
paying
in
this
first
trial
of
his
Arms
,
by
an
act
of
no
less
Piety
than
Valour
,
part
of
the
obligation
due
to
him
from
whom
he
had
receiv'd
his
being
.
And
this
was
his
first
exploit
.
He
past
some
years
at
this
rate
under
his
Fathers
Discipline
,
Anno
1573.
but
a
Province
was
a
Theatre
too
narrow
for
the
acts
his
courage
was
likely
to
produce
,
ambition
began
already
to
make
him
aspire
to
greater
things
;
which
his
Father
perceiving
,
and
willing
to
encourage
so
generous
a
passion
,
resolv'd
to
send
him
,
together
with
his
elder
Brother
,
to
the
Siege
of
Rochelle
,
that
was
then
sitting
down
.
He
was
the
rather
enclin'd
to
send
them
to
that
place
,
because
he
himself
was
to
have
no
share
in
the
honour
of
that
action
,
prevented
by
the
jealousie
of
the
Mareschals
de
Byron
,
and
Bellegarde
,
who
although
they
were
both
of
them
his
near
relations
,
and
the
best
reputed
Captains
of
their
time
,
employ'd
nevertheless
their
utmost
interest
to
hinder
Mounsieur
de
la
Valette
,
from
serving
in
that
occasion
.
They
very
well
knew
his
merit
,
with
the
favour
,
and
esteem
,
he
had
with
the
Duke
of
Anjou
,
who
was
to
command
at
that
Siege
,
and
foreseeing
that
such
a
concurrent
,
as
he
,
was
likely
not
a
little
to
eclipse
the
glory
they
intended
to
engross
wholly
to
themselves
,
Anno
1574.
they
carried
on
their
design
with
that
dexterity
,
that
he
was
not
so
much
as
once
call'd
to
that
service
.
This
ill
office
was
so
much
the
more
sensible
to
him
,
as
it
made
him
lose
the
Mareschals
Staff
,
which
had
been
promis'd
him
before
;
an
injury
that
,
no
doubt
,
he
would
have
discover'd
,
how
highly
he
had
resented
,
had
he
not
been
prevented
by
Death
,
the
Arbiter
of
all
Humane
Controversies
.
All
he
could
at
that
time
do
(
to
let
them
see
he
understood
them
to
be
no
friends
of
his
)
was
to
forbid
his
Sons
to
see
them
,
or
to
be
presented
by
either
of
them
to
the
Duke
of
Anjou
;
desiring
rather
they
should
receive
that
favour
from
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
a
Prince
with
whom
he
had
acquir'd
a
great
interest
,
as
having
oftern
serv'd
under
his
Command
;
but
most
signally
at
the
Battel
of
Dreux
,
where
he
fought
at
the
head
of
the
Reserve
,
with
which
,
when
all
other
hopes
were
l●st
,
the
Duke
won
that
day
,
and
wholly
routed
the
Enemies
victorious
Army
.
To
him
therefore
he
commanded
his
Sons
to
address
themselves
,
for
their
access
to
the
Duke
,
an
occasion
the
Duke
of
Guise
embrac'd
with
so
much
fervour
,
and
presented
them
after
that
obliging
manner
,
with
that
honourable
mention
of
the
Fathers
great
Merit
,
and
the
great
hope
of
his
Sons
,
that
they
could
not
possibly
have
chosen
out
a
man
,
that
could
more
handsomly
,
more
obligingly
,
or
with
greater
integrity
have
perform'd
so
important
an
Office
.
The
infinite
civility
of
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
together
with
the
singular
,
and
natural
art
he
had
to
acquire
men
to
him
,
gain'd
Caumont
so
absolutely
to
his
service
,
that
it
was
with
no
little
reluctancy
,
that
he
afterwards
withdrew
himself
from
him
;
which
nevertheless
he
was
shortly
after
enforc't
to
do
,
the
divers
interests
that
sway'd
the
one
and
the
other
,
looking
so
several
wayes
,
that
it
was
not
possible
longer
to
continue
their
intelligence
.
Their
friendship
began
to
grow
cold
,
before
it
came
to
an
open
Rupture
;
Caumont
not
having
receiv'd
from
the
Duke
,
that
support
,
and
assistance
,
he
promis'd
to
himself
,
from
so
powerful
,
and
so
sincere
a
frined
,
as
he
took
him
to
be
:
But
that
which
strook
the
main
blow
was
this
:
The
death
of
Mounfieur
de
la
Valette
immediately
following
the
Siege
of
Rochelle
,
his
several
Employments
lay
vacant
by
his
decease
,
which
made
Caumont
repair
to
Court
,
in
hopes
by
the
Dukes
favour
at
least
to
obtain
the
charge
of
Camp-Master
to
the
Light
Horse
for
his
elder
Brother
,
(
neither
of
them
yet
presuming
by
reason
of
their
youth
to
pretend
to
the
Lieutenancy
of
Guienne
)
which
the
Duke
of
Guise
not
only
peremptorily
refus'd
to
intermeddle
in
,
but
withal
carried
on
the
interest
of
some
other
pretenders
,
with
so
much
vigour
and
efficacy
,
that
in
fine
he
excluded
both
the
Brothers
from
all
their
Fathers
employments
.
Upon
which
unexpected
unkindness
Caumont
retir'd
so
much
dissatisfied
with
the
Duke
,
that
since
that
time
,
neither
his
Brother
▪
nor
he
,
ever
had
any
complacency
for
the
house
of
Guise
.
The
Brothers
after
this
repulse
spent
some
time
at
home
in
order
to
a
settlement
of
their
own
private
affairs
,
which
the
quietness
of
that
time
(
a
general
Peace
being
before
concluded
)
gave
them
leisure
enough
to
do
.
But
Caumont
Caumonts
first
J●urney
to
Court
.
was
impatient
of
this
Countrey
life
,
and
seeing
there
was
now
no
more
employment
for
his
Armes
,
he
put
himself
into
an
equipage
to
go
to
Court
,
to
try
if
he
could
,
by
his
own
endeavours
,
obtain
that
for
himself
,
which
the
memory
of
his
Fathers
great
services
had
not
power
to
retain
to
his
forgotten
Family
.
It
was
about
the
end
of
the
Year
1574.
that
he
undertook
this
journey
,
King
Henry
the
Third
being
then
newly
return'd
from
Poland
,
a
Prince
in●●●nitely
enclin'd
to
Peace
,
and
to
that
,
Catharine
de
Medicis
his
Mother
being
also
wearied
out
with
the
former
troubles
,
they
bent
their
●oynt
endeavours
to
the
continuing
of
Affairs
in
the
same
quiet
posture
they
then
were
,
to
the
extinguishing
of
all
old
discontents
,
and
to
the
avoiding
all
possible
occasions
of
new
.
They
knew
very
well
that
none
had
power
to
beget
new
mischiefs
,
or
to
disturb
the
present
Peace
of
the
Kingdom
,
except
the
Duke
of
Alanson
,
or
the
King
of
Navarre
,
both
which
they
politickly
made
,
as
it
were
,
prisoners
to
the
Court
,
by
the
vigilancy
of
Spies
,
though
without
Guards
:
or
other
visible
marks
of
restraint
.
The
King
of
Navarre
,
as
he
whose
Courage
,
and
great
Qualities
were
more
to
be
suspected
,
had
the
stricter
eye
upon
him
;
and
although
he
profest
himself
a
Catholick
,
yet
his
Fortune
,
and
Confederates
,
obliging
him
to
the
contrary
Religion
,
they
were
in
a
perpetual
jealousie
,
lest
he
should
at
one
time
or
another
embrace
the
Profession
,
and
Party
of
those
with
whom
his
nearest
concerns
and
chiefest
interests
lay
.
The
Queen
Mother
,
one
of
the
most
experienc'd
Princesses
of
her
time
,
and
a
Woman
whose
Prudence
,
and
subtlety
extended
to
all
the
Arts
of
Government
,
knowing
as
well
how
upon
occasion
to
order
the
allurements
of
Peace
,
as
to
guide
and
govern
the
more
important
Affairs
in
the
Tumults
of
War
,
being
no
stranger
to
the
amorous
inclinations
of
the
King
of
Navarre
,
Anno
1575.
1576.
by
daily
invitations
to
Playes
,
Masques
,
Revels
,
and
other
entertainments
,
made
the
Court
continually
to
shine
in
all
the
lustre
and
temptation
of
Beauty
,
if
possible
to
divert
the
designs
,
and
to
soften
the
Martial
humour
of
this
Prince
,
in
the
more
delicate
delights
of
vacancy
and
peace
:
which
kind
of
life
,
it
may
easily
be
imagin'd
,
could
not
be
unpleasant
to
a
man
so
young
,
and
so
enclin'd
as
the
King
then
was
.
The
Court
being
now
nothing
but
jollity
,
the
whole
Nobility
of
France
had
nothing
else
to
do
,
but
to
divide
themselves
according
to
their
several
inclinations
into
the
Parties
,
and
Factions
of
these
two
young
Princes
;
amongst
which
Caumonts
particular
liking
,
and
Affection
to
his
person
,
and
great
vertues
having
enclin'd
him
to
the
King
of
Navarres
side
,
he
was
by
him
receiv'd
with
so
infinite
respect
and
kindness
,
that
in
a
very
short
time
he
stood
equal
to
the
best
in
the
highest
degree
of
Favour
,
and
trust
.
Of
which
the
King
could
not
give
him
a
greater
testimony
,
than
by
discovering
to
him
his
intended
escape
from
Court
,
and
by
commending
thereby
so
important
a
secret
to
his
fidelity
,
and
assistance
.
Our
Histories
have
glanc'd
at
the
grounds
upon
which
the
King
took
this
resolution
,
The
memoires
of
Queen
Mar.
which
he
shortly
after
executed
with
great
secresie
,
and
a
very
slender
train
;
For
pretending
to
go
hunt
in
the
Parks
of
Saint
Germains
,
he
thence
with
only
four
or
five
of
his
greatest
confidents
(
of
which
number
Caumont
was
one
)
made
his
escape
.
I
have
often
heard
him
say
,
that
he
thought
himself
so
oblig'd
by
that
favour
,
that
he
had
never
separated
himself
from
that
Prince
,
had
not
he
first
separated
himself
from
his
obedience
to
the
Church
.
He
accompanied
him
in
his
retirement
as
far
as
Alenson
,
Aubigné
.
whither
the
King
was
no
sooner
come
,
but
that
his
Physician
invited
him
to
be
God-father
to
one
of
his
Children
.
The
Ceremony
was
performed
in
the
Hugonot
Congregation
,
and
after
their
Directory
,
as
it
may
be
presum'd
,
it
was
beforehand
determined
it
should
be
.
Whereupon
Caumont
,
taking
the
usual
liberty
the
King
had
ever
till
that
time
freely
allow'd
him
,
converted
all
the
passages
of
that
Ceremony
into
Mirth
and
Laughter
:
But
the
King
,
afraid
no
doubt
lest
this
should
produce
some
effect
that
might
hinder
his
main
designs
,
secretly
chid
him
,
for
what
he
had
already
done
,
giving
him
caution
for
the
future
to
forbear
such
railleries
,
and
to
behave
himself
with
more
respect
in
occasions
wherein
he
himself
was
so
seriously
concern'd
.
Which
sharp
reproof
giving
Caumont
sufficiently
to
understand
,
that
although
the
King
did
not
as
yet
make
publick
profession
of
that
Religion
,
yet
that
he
was
notwithstanding
so
moderate
,
and
so
lukewarm
a
Catholick
,
that
he
only
wanted
a
handsome
opportunity
to
do
it
.
He
resolv'd
also
to
quit
his
service
upon
the
first
occasion
that
fairly
presented
it self
:
An
effect
(
besides
his
own
Devotion
to
the
Church
)
of
a
solemn
Promise
his
Brother
and
he
had
joyntly
made
to
their
dying
Father
,
never
to
serve
other
than
a
Catholick
Prince
.
From
thenceforward
therefore
,
he
sought
all
opportunities
,
civilly
to
disingage
himself
from
the
service
of
this
King
,
which
soon
after
a
light
Indisposition
of
body
gave
him
a
handsome
Pretense
to
do
;
for
finding
himself
not
very
well
,
and
continuing
fome
few
dayes
in
the
same
distemper
without
any
amendment
,
Caumont
.
withdraws
himself
from
the
King
of
Navarre
.
he
intreated
leave
to
retire
into
the
privacy
and
convenience
of
his
own
house
,
for
the
recovery
of
his
health
;
which
the
King
(
though
he
doubtless
well
enough
understood
the
meaning
of
that
request
)
without
any
difficulty
,
or
the
least
shew
of
unkindness
,
freely
permitted
him
to
do
.
France
began
now
to
see
it self
threatned
with
the
approaching
troubles
,
which
the
Duke
of
Alenson's
,
and
the
King
of
Navarre's
departure
from
Court
,
(
happening
much
about
the
same
time
)
shortly
after
produc'd
in
the
Kingdom
;
neither
could
the
Queen
Mother
,
notwithstanding
her
great
vigilancy
,
and
care
to
prevent
those
disorders
,
the
discontents
of
these
two
Princes
,
together
with
those
of
the
Hugonot
Faction
,
were
likely
to
bring
upon
the
State
,
with
all
her
industry
and
prudence
hinder
men
,
in
that
Crisis
of
Affairs
,
from
running
into
the
tumult
of
Armes
.
It
was
in
this
juncture
of
time
,
that
Caumont
prepar'd
himself
for
a
second
journey
to
Court
:
C●umont's
second
journey
to
Court
,
and
the
beginning
of
his
Favour
.
He
had
had
the
honour
to
be
known
to
the
King
,
first
at
the
Siege
of
Rochelle
,
and
afterwards
in
his
dependence
upon
the
King
of
Navarre
;
so
that
these
preceding
habitudes
and
acquaintance
,
made
him
resolve
to
go
,
and
tye
himself
directly
to
his
Majesties
person
and
service
.
Having
therefore
left
his
own
house
with
this
resolution
,
he
takes
his
journey
to
Burdeaux
,
where
the
Marquess
de
Villars
,
a
great
friend
and
an
old
companion
in
Armes
of
Mounsieur
de
la
Valette
his
Father
,
and
now
Governour
of
Guienne
,
then
resided
;
and
where
he
was
not
a
little
busie
to
provide
against
the
disorders
which
at
that
time
threatned
that
Province
.
Caumont
at
his
arrival
gives
him
a
visit
,
acquaints
him
with
the
true
design
of
his
journey
,
and
withal
offers
his
service
,
if
he
had
any
to
command
him
to
Court
Villars
readily
accepts
his
offer
,
charges
him
with
Letters
of
Credit
to
the
King
,
and
,
the
wayes
betwixt
Burdeaux
and
Poitiers
being
very
difficult
to
pass
by
reason
of
the
continual
inroads
of
the
Hugonot
party
,
he
informs
him
of
the
particular
state
of
the
Countrey
,
instructs
him
in
the
safest
wayes
he
was
to
pass
,
and
finally
gives
him
a
full
accompt
of
the
posture
wherein
his
Majesties
Affairs
then
stood
;
that
he
might
thereupon
receive
new
orders
from
the
King
and
Council
.
Caumont
,
being
glad
to
present
himself
to
their
Majesties
with
the
advantage
of
so
considerable
a
service
,
departs
,
throughly
instructed
in
all
the
Affairs
of
Guienne
,
from
Burdeaux
to
Angoubesme
;
where
he
further
discourses
about
his
Government
with
the
Marquess
of
Rufee
,
Governour
of
that
Town
,
and
Countrey
,
and
by
him
findes
matters
there
to
be
in
no
better
a
condition
,
than
those
of
Guienne
.
Rufee
had
made
a
late
denial
of
that
place
to
the
Heads
of
the
Hugonot
party
,
to
whom
by
the
Treaty
of
Champigny
,
made
with
the
Duke
of
Alenson
,
it
should
have
been
delivered
up
for
a
Cautionary
Town
.
He
informs
himself
of
the
reasons
of
Rufees
refusal
in
this
case
,
with
other
things
that
concern'd
the
Kings
Service
in
that
Countrey
,
and
continues
his
journey
from
thence
to
Poitiers
,
by
the
houses
of
Gentlemen
his
acquaintance
,
sometimes
with
Convoys
,
but
for
the
most
part
in
the
slender
guard
of
his
own
inconsiderable
train
.
At
last
by
short
and
wary
journeys
he
arrives
at
Court
,
which
was
then
at
Blois
,
though
with
infinite
difficulty
and
danger
;
such
was
the
disorder
,
and
confusion
,
that
rag'd
in
all
the
Provinces
through
which
he
was
to
pass
.
I
heard
him
a
few
dayes
before
his
death
relate
all
the
particulars
of
this
journey
,
without
omitting
the
least
circumstance
that
befel
him
by
the
way
;
not
without
admiration
,
that
a
man
after
threescore
and
odde
years
should
retain
so
perfect
a
memory
of
such
petty
accidents
(
if
such
ought
to
be
call'd
so
)
as
gave
a
beginning
to
the
establishment
of
so
prodigious
a
Fortune
.
Being
come
to
Court
,
Anno
1577.
he
presented
himself
to
the
King
,
deliver'd
the
several
dispatches
he
had
from
Villars
,
and
Rufee
,
giving
his
Majesty
a
particular
account
of
all
they
had
given
him
in
charge
.
The
King
immediately
commanded
him
to
address
himself
to
the
Queen
Mother
,
and
to
inform
her
fully
of
the
same
things
,
being
at
this
first
Conference
highly
satisfied
with
his
dexterity
,
and
judgement
,
and
mightily
taken
with
his
behaviour
,
and
the
gracefulness
he
observ'd
,
in
whatever
he
said
,
or
did
:
neither
indeed
could
there
be
a
more
accomplisht
Gentleman
,
than
he
was
at
that
age
of
two
and
twenty
,
as
I
have
heard
men
of
great
judgement
say
,
that
very
well
knew
him
in
those
times
.
His
Conference
with
the
Queen
Mother
prov'd
no
less
to
his
advantage
with
her
,
than
that
he
had
had
with
the
King
had
done
with
him
;
she
was
pleas'd
to
give
him
a
gracious
audience
,
and
to
take
a
great
liking
to
his
Person
;
so
that
the
King
coming
(
as
it
was
his
constant
custom
)
in
the
evening
to
confer
about
business
with
her
,
and
asking
her
if
she
had
seen
Caumont
,
and
what
her
opinion
was
of
him
?
the
Queen
made
answer
,
That
she
had
seen
,
and
discours'd
with
him
,
and
that
it
was
upon
men
of
his
condition
and
merit
,
that
his
Majesty
ought
to
repose
the
Trust
,
and
Confidence
of
his
most
important
Affairs
:
which
she
said
as
not
being
unwilling
(
to
the
end
she
might
still
keep
her
dominion
over
the
Kings
affections
)
that
Caumont
,
though
the
King
had
many
Favourties
already
,
should
yet
make
one
of
that
number
;
that
so
his
heart
,
being
divided
amongst
many
,
might
not
too
violently
encline
to
one
.
The
King
told
her
he
was
of
her
opinion
,
and
the
approbation
he
found
in
her
judgement
having
justified
his
own
inclinations
,
after
he
had
entertain'd
her
some
time
with
merits
of
the
Father
,
and
the
good
qualities
of
the
Son
,
he
from
thenceforward
took
a
resolution
to
receive
him
into
a
degree
of
favour
,
and
to
place
him
near
his
own
person
,
Yet
was
it
not
immediately
,
notwithstanding
this
auspicious
beginning
,
that
Caumont's
favour
began
to
appear
;
neither
did
he
on
his
part
cultivate
his
springing
fortune
with
an
assiduity
,
and
diligence
unbecoming
his
Spirit
,
and
Blood
,
for
whatever
testimonies
of
favour
and
esteem
the
King
daily
discover'd
to
him
,
there
was
nevertheless
no
occasion
of
action
,
which
he
did
not
greedily
embrace
,
and
for
which
he
did
not
continually
neglect
all
Court
Interest
,
preferring
his
Honour
and
Duty
before
all
other
Advantages
of
Fortune
.
At
his
return
from
one
of
these
expeditions
,
he
soon
discern'd
a
coldness
in
his
Majesty
towards
him
;
and
his
Court
Rivals
,
who
very
well
saw
how
precipitiously
the
Kings
Affections
were
bent
upon
him
,
had
not
fail'd
on
their
part
,
by
their
ill
offices
to
weaken
that
interest
during
his
absence
,
with
all
the
Art
,
and
Malice
they
had
:
but
his
brave
services
having
acquir'd
his
Masters
Esteem
,
he
soon
recovered
his
former
possession
of
Grace
,
and
at
last
settled
himself
so
firm
in
the
Kings
Bosom
,
that
the
favour
,
which
had
for
a
long
time
before
been
divided
amongst
many
pretenders
,
was
at
last
establish'd
without
reservation
in
Ioyeuse
,
and
him
,
though
he
had
still
the
greatest
share
.
I
have
already
observ'd
,
what
an
effect
Caumonts
negotiation
about
the
Affairs
of
Guienne
had
produc'd
with
the
King
and
Queen
;
neither
was
he
so
blind
to
his
own
interest
as
not
to
see
it
,
nor
so
negligent
as
not
to
improve
it
with
all
the
industry
he
had
.
Nor
was
his
diligence
less
effectual
with
the
Queen
Mother
,
who
bore
the
greatest
sway
of
Affairs
,
than
with
the
King
himself
,
she
ever
receiving
him
with
great
demonstration
of
Favour
,
and
Esteem
;
which
he
to
continue
,
or
to
encrease
,
contracted
great
Familiarities
with
some
of
the
Maids
of
Honour
of
chiefest
trust
about
her
,
and
from
their
Friendship
receiv'd
no
few
good
Offices
in
this
Foundation
of
his
Fortune
.
But
neither
these
good
Offices
,
nor
the
Favour
he
was
by
their
procurement
seated
in
,
had
yet
produc'd
any
thing
to
his
benefit
;
't
is
true
he
was
look'd
upon
with
an
Eye
of
Favour
,
the
King
would
often
speak
to
him
,
and
in
all
apparence
he
was
in
a
hopeful
way
,
but
still
this
was
hitherto
only
apparence
,
and
he
reap'd
no
other
advantage
by
it
until
the
Duke
of
Alenfon's
expedition
,
which
was
the
first
time
he
tasted
of
his
Masters
Bounty
.
After
the
Treaty
of
Champigny
,
which
was
a
little
before
this
time
,
the
King
having
design'd
absolutely
to
disingage
his
Brother
the
Duke
of
Alenson
from
the
Hugonot
Party
,
had
to
that
purpose
given
him
the
command
of
an
Army
against
them
.
Upon
which
occasion
Caumont
fail'd
not
to
prepare
himself
to
make
one
,
which
the
King
so
well
approv'd
of
,
that
coming
to
take
his
leave
,
his
Majesty
having
first
publickly
commended
his
generous
design
,
order'd
him
twelve
hundred
Crowns
of
Gold
,
The
King
's
first
Bounty
to
Caumont
.
out
of
his
privy
Purse
,
to
put
him
into
a
handsome
posture
:
A
largess
so
seasonable
as
enabled
him
to
put
himself
into
a
better
equipage
,
than
otherwise
he
could
conveniently
have
done
;
and
as
he
had
a
mind
above
his
present
Fortune
,
he
laid
out
all
the
Kings
Bounty
in
Horses
,
Arms
,
and
other
Furniture
:
but
above
all
,
he
bought
himself
the
finest
Tent
,
that
could
possibly
be
seen
.
The
Rendezvous
of
the
Army
being
appointed
to
be
at
Romorentin
,
the
King
and
Queen
Mother
,
being
then
at
Blois
,
would
themselves
see
it
;
and
there
dismiss
the
Duke
of
Alenson
,
with
all
possible
demonstration
of
Honour
,
and
Kindness
.
Caumont
fail'd
not
to
Muster
up
his
Equipage
,
upon
this
occasion
;
and
for
the
better
advantage
,
caus'd
his
Tent
to
be
set
up
in
that
part
of
the
Camp
,
that
lay
most
in
view
of
the
Queens
Lodgings
,
to
the
end
chiefly
,
that
her
Maids
of
Honour
might
more
conveniently
see
it
.
The
King
who
never
fail'd
(
as
I
have
observ'd
before
)
to
visit
his
Mother
once
a
day
,
as
he
was
one
day
leaning
with
her
in
her
Chamber
Window
,
took
particular
notice
of
this
Tent
,
which
being
for
its
fineness
remarkable
above
the
rest
,
the
King
and
Queen
both
fancied
it
to
be
Caumont's
;
and
the
better
to
be
satisfied
,
sent
one
purposely
to
enquire
;
at
whose
return
,
finding
it
to
be
so
indeed
,
his
gallantry
was
highly
commended
by
them
both
.
Soon
after
coming
to
take
his
leave
of
the
King
,
and
to
receive
his
Commands
,
he
was
dismist
with
so
high
testimonies
of
Affection
,
as
might
for
the
future
give
him
just
occasion
to
hope
for
greater
things
.
These
observations
may
perhaps
seem
light
to
some
upon
such
a
subject
;
but
since
Fortune
suffers
nothing
to
be
lost
to
happy
men
,
and
that
she
is
industrious
to
collect
,
and
improve
the
least
of
their
actions
to
make
them
succeed
to
their
advantage
,
I
thought
it
not
altogether
improper
,
by
her
example
,
to
make
mention
of
these
passages
;
which
,
how
inconsiderable
soever
in
themselves
,
have
been
nevertheless
the
steps
,
and
gradations
,
by
which
this
great
man
afterwards
rose
to
such
an
eminence
of
Fortune
.
The
Duke
of
Alensons
expedition
succeeded
according
to
the
Kings
desire
,
he
took
la
Charité
,
and
Issoire
,
and
the
Army
was
in
a
condition
to
perform
greater
things
,
had
not
the
over-strict
League
,
and
Friendship
betwixt
the
Duke
of
Alenson
,
Caumont
follows
the
Duke
of
Alenson
in
the
War
.
and
the
Duke
of
Guise
(
his
Lieutenant
General
in
this
Employment
)
begot
a
suspicion
in
the
King
.
To
break
then
this
Friendship
,
the
King
began
to
hearken
to
overtures
of
Peace
;
which
,
although
they
were
not
presently
concluded
,
yet
the
meer
proposition
was
pretense
enough
to
call
home
the
Duke
of
Alenson
,
and
to
give
Caumont
opportunity
to
return
to
Court.
At
his
coming
back
he
was
less
favourably
receiv'd
,
than
he
had
reason
to
expect
,
through
the
jealousie
of
those
who
had
been
more
industrious
to
improve
the
Kings
Favour
,
than
he
had
been
:
Yet
could
not
this
hinder
him
(
a
new
occasion
of
the
Siege
of
Brouage
He
goes
to
the
Siege
of
Brouage
.
presenting
it self
)
once
more
to
expose
,
and
abandon
,
his
springing
Favour
to
the
malicious
Offices
of
his
Court-Concurrents
.
He
went
to
this
Siege
,
where
he
behav'd
himself
so
well
(
as
he
had
done
before
at
la
Charit●
,
and
Issoire
)
that
in
all
these
expeditions
he
still
won
the
great
liking
,
and
approbation
of
his
Generals
;
who
,
being
just
to
his
merit
,
in
the
testimony
of
his
actions
,
confirm'd
the
King
more
and
more
in
the
opinion
,
he
had
before
conceiv'd
,
of
his
Worth
and
Valour
.
This
esteem
of
Caumont
took
at
last
so
deep
root
in
this
Princes
Breast
,
that
it
was
no
more
in
the
power
of
Envy
to
shake
it
;
and
he
had
him
in
so
high
consideration
,
that
he
never
us'd
him
with
the
least
severity
,
nor
ever
gave
him
the
least
injurious
word
;
an
indulgence
not
common
to
his
other
Favourites
,
who
were
often
subject
to
very
passionate
language
:
But
the
King
in
his
noble
nature
was
pleas'd
to
spare
a
heart
,
which
,
he
had
before
observ'd
,
was
too
stout
to
submit
to
Injuries
,
what
advantage
soever
might
accrue
by
such
a
patience
.
Of
which
(
now
we
are
upon
this
discourse
)
I
shall
give
you
an
instance
in
this
place
;
although
the
thing
happened
not
just
at
this
time
,
but
after
Caumont's
more
apparent
Favour
,
not
tying
my self
,
in
these
youthful
relations
of
him
,
so
much
to
the
order
of
time
,
as
to
the
truth
of
things
.
The
King
his
Master
being
an
infinite
lover
of
neatness
in
Cloaths
,
and
being
none
were
admitted
into
the
Bed-Chamber
without
his
white
Shooes
,
black
Velvet
Galoches
,
his
long
Stockings
,
and
other
Vestments
wherein
they
were
to
observe
a
punctual
Decorum
,
no
wonder
if
the
Favourties
,
who
were
continually
in
the
Kings
Eye
,
were
especially
ty'd
to
these
strict
rules
of
decency
.
Caumont
appearing
one
day
before
the
King
unbutton'd
,
his
Stockings
untied
,
and
in
a
greater
negligence
,
and
disorder
,
than
he
was
wont
to
be
,
receiv'd
a
sever
check
;
nay
his
chiding
proceeded
so
far
,
as
that
the
King
forbad
him
ever
to
appear
before
him
again
in
the
like
posture
.
Caumont
in
his
heat
interpreting
this
for
an
absolute
command
,
without
condition
,
immediately
withdraws
himself
,
resolv'd
(
as
I
have
since
heard
him
say
)
to
take
Post
,
and
for
ever
to
retire
himself
from
Court.
But
the
King
,
who
very
well
knew
what
an
impression
his
words
had
made
with
his
Favourite
,
and
fearing
lest
the
rashness
of
his
Youth
might
make
him
commit
a
fault
to
his
own
ruine
,
commanded
him
presently
to
be
call'd
back
;
saying
,
That
his
heat
and
folly
would
destroy
him
,
if
he
were
left
to
himself
;
but
that
he
had
in
him
withal
Qualities
,
of
which
good
use
might
be
made
:
and
,
that
he
would
therefore
have
an
eye
to
his
preservation
.
Upon
his
return
the
King
having
chang'd
his
Humour
,
Caumont
chang'd
his
Resolution
,
not
without
considering
upon
how
light
an
occasion
he
was
like
to
have
forfeited
his
Masters
Favour
,
and
to
have
destroyed
the
hopes
of
his
own
rising
Fortune
;
And
from
the
knowledge
of
his
fault
drew
this
advantage
,
to
become
less
hot
,
and
passionate
for
the
future
,
and
to
observe
such
an
elegancy
and
neatness
in
his
habit
,
even
to
an
extreme
old
age
,
as
might
serve
for
an
example
to
the
younger
sort
of
men
.
The
Surrender
of
Brouage
His
return
from
the
Siege
of
Brouage
to
Court
.
was
soon
succeeded
by
a
Peace
concluded
at
Bergerac
about
the
end
of
the
year
1577.
by
which
cessation
Caumont
had
liberty
to
return
to
Court
,
and
there
without
any
more
divertion
,
or
impediment
,
to
husb●nd
his
Masters
Royal
Inclinations
towards
him
.
But
as
he
had
many
Concurrents
in
the
same
Design
,
Anno
1578.
so
the
King
for
some
time
suspended
the
declaration
of
his
Favour
;
though
Caumont
was
one
of
those
to
whom
his
Majesty
shewed
a
particular
Inclination
,
and
whose
freedom
,
and
boldness
was
nothing
displeasing
to
him
:
His
Wit
,
fine
Fashion
,
and
a
particular
Grace
he
had
in
performing
all
his
exercises
,
gave
him
a
great
advantage
over
the
other
young
men
of
his
condition
;
which
he
managed
so
well
,
that
he
still
out-shone
all
his
equals
,
and
appear'd
the
true
Favourite
in
mens
opinion
,
though
his
Favour
was
not
yet
so
fully
manifest
.
All
this
year
1578.
past
in
this
deliberation
,
and
the
Court
was
in
suspense
which
of
all
the
pretenders
to
favour
would
prove
to
be
the
Favourites
indeed
,
when
at
last
the
King
in
the
beginning
of
the
year
1579.
Anno
1579.
at
the
Ceremony
of
the
institution
of
the
Knights
of
the
Order
of
the
Holy
Ghost
,
appearing
publick
with
Caumont
,
Darques
(
afterwards
Duke
of
Ioyeuse
)
St.
●uc
,
and
D'O
in
the
same
Livery
with
himself
,
there
was
then
no
further
dispute
of
their
favour
;
and
upon
this
discovery
,
all
the
Courtiers
according
to
their
inclinations
,
or
interest
,
divided
themselves
into
the
several
Parties
,
and
dependencies
of
these
four
great
men
.
We
have
now
brought
Caumont
upon
the
great
Theatre
of
the
World
,
expos'd
,
not
only
to
the
sight
,
but
also
to
the
censure
and
envy
of
most
men
.
We
shall
hereafter
see
how
he
disingag'd
himself
from
those
snares
,
and
designs
that
were
laid
by
his
Adversaries
to
undermine
his
greatness
,
during
the
space
of
threescore
and
ten
years
,
which
he
liv'd
after
his
first
rise
of
Favour
.
From
the
time
of
this
establishment
of
his
Fortune
,
he
had
the
good
hap
to
have
all
the
most
eminent
men
about
the
Court
,
either
for
Arts
or
Arms
,
to
apply
themselves
to
him
.
Mounsieur
du
Perron
,
one
of
the
greatest
Ornaments
of
his
Age
,
was
of
this
number
,
together
with
Rousard
,
Des
Portes
,
and
many
other
persons
of
great
Merit
,
and
Esteem
.
But
amongst
them
all
,
Caumont
taking
particular
notice
of
the
great
worth
of
Mounsieur
du
Perron
,
and
considering
his
Vertue
to
be
above
all
the
advantages
,
he
in
himself
was
able
to
procure
for
him
;
took
an
especial
care
to
prefer
him
to
the
Kings
knowledge
,
and
at
last
,
with
the
a●●iduity
and
recommendation
of
a
true
friend
,
plac'd
him
in
his
Majesties
chiefest
confidence
;
an
Office
which
he
afterwards
continued
with
so
constant
a
friendship
,
as
contributed
no
little
to
that
greatness
,
to
which
he
was
sometime
after
advanc'd
.
Saint
Blancard
since
Mareschal
of
France
,
and
Duke
de
Biron
,
with
the
greatest
part
of
the
Gascon
Nobility
that
then
follow'd
the
Court
,
put
themselves
also
into
his
dependence
:
his
Employments
,
and
the
great
credit
he
had
with
the
King
,
having
in
a
short
time
afforded
him
means
to
gratifie
a
number
of
gallant
Gentlemen
,
and
to
acquire
many
Friends
,
and
Servants
,
whose
Valour
and
Fidelity
contributed
much
to
the
preservation
of
his
Life
,
and
Fortune
.
But
his
youth
,
having
been
bred
up
in
the
rudeness
of
War
,
requir'd
some
necessary
improvements
,
the
better
to
fit
him
for
his
Masters
conversation
,
who
was
himself
the
most
accomplish'd
Prince
of
his
time
.
The
King
would
take
care
for
his
second
Education
,
that
he
might
be
the
more
proper
for
those
Employments
,
which
his
Majesties
confidence
in
him
,
and
the
necessity
of
the
present
times
,
were
shortly
to
call
him
to
;
and
to
that
purpose
commanded
Des
Portes
to
be
continually
about
his
Person
,
which
he
accordingly
obey'd
;
and
not
only
by
his
diligence
better'd
him
in
the
French
Tongue
,
which
then
first
began
to
purge
it self
from
the
Barbarism
of
past
Ages
:
but
having
withal
found
in
him
a
capacity
that
out-stript
his
Precepts
,
he
in
a
short
time
infus'd
into
him
such
general
notions
,
as
,
having
open'd
his
understanding
,
made
him
capable
of
those
important
negotiations
in
which
he
was
afterwards
imploy'd
.
The
same
affection
which
had
made
the
King
so
solicitous
to
embellish
his
Mind
,
made
him
no
less
careful
to
establish
his
Fortune
;
though
he
still
conceal'd
the
daily
progress
of
his
Bounty
from
him
,
not
being
willing
it
seems
that
he
should
so
much
as
trouble
himself
with
the
management
of
his
own
Domestick
Affairs
;
but
commanded
Fontenay
Mareuil
a
Gentleman
of
quality
,
and
of
whose
integrity
his
Majesty
had
a
particular
Esteem
,
to
take
upon
him
that
care
,
and
twice
a
week
to
bring
him
an
account
of
Caumonts
business
,
as
another
Person
of
Quality
did
of
that
of
Ioyeuse
.
From
these
two
Gentlemen
the
King
had
still
advice
,
of
all
Offices
,
and
Revenues
,
that
fell
vacant
;
out
of
which
his
Malesty
made
choice
of
such
for
his
two
Favourites
,
as
he
thought
most
proper
,
and
advantageous
for
them
,
and
commanded
their
dispatch
;
which
afterward
Caumont
,
and
Ioyeuse
were
to
solicit
,
but
without
the
least
dispensation
,
notwithstanding
their
Favour
,
from
the
due
and
customary
forms
of
Law
;
where
,
if
any
difficulty
,
or
opposition
chanc'd
to
arise
,
his
Majesty
ever
interpos'd
his
Justice
to
over-rule
them
,
if
justly
they
were
to
be
over-ruled
:
neither
did
they
ever
receive
any
Grace
,
or
Largess
,
which
did
not
either
first
pass
the
Seal
,
the
Chamber
of
Accounts
,
or
an
Act
of
Parliament
.
In
these
beginnings
,
the
two
young
Favourites
were
continually
call'd
to
all
the
Councils
,
not
to
give
their
advice
,
from
which
by
their
immaturity
,
and
inexperience
,
they
were
exempt
,
but
to
inform
,
and
to
inure
themselves
to
business
:
Which
the
better
to
exercise
them
in
,
the
King
himself
was
pleas'd
often
in
private
to
propose
weighty
questions
to
them
,
and
to
make
them
debate
them
before
him
,
without
exposing
their
early
Opinions
to
the
Experience
of
his
graver
Council
initiating
them
with
his
own
Precepts
,
and
forming
them
with
his
own
hand
;
and
that
rather
with
the
tenderness
and
indulgence
of
a
Father
to
his
Children
,
than
with
the
authority
of
a
Master
over
his
Servants
,
About
this
time
(
as
I
have
already
observ'd
)
the
Order
of
the
Holy
Ghost
was
instituted
,
and
the
first
Ceremony
was
already
past
:
where
,
although
Caumont
had
no
share
,
by
reason
of
his
Youth
,
but
was
deferred
to
the
next
Creation
,
which
happened
a
few
years
after
;
yet
his
Majesty
,
though
he
judg'd
him
too
young
to
be
admitted
into
that
honourable
Fraternity
,
thought
him
notwithstanding
sufficient
to
treat
with
Philibert
D.
of
Savoy
,
Caumont's
Embassy
to
Savoy
.
though
he
were
one
of
the
most
discreet
,
and
most
circumspect
Princes
of
his
time
.
This
Prince
had
rais'd
a
considerable
Army
,
which
he
intended
to
imploy
against
the
Genoveses
;
and
the
King
,
who
was
oblig'd
to
protect
them
,
dispatch'd
Caumont
to
the
Duke
to
disswade
him
from
that
enterprize
.
His
negotiation
in
this
Affair
met
with
great
difficulties
,
and
infinite
oppositions
,
both
from
the
House
of
Austria
,
the
League
,
and
the
Pope
;
which
nevertheless
he
overcame
with
that
dexterity
,
that
having
untied
all
those
knots
of
State
,
he
obtain'd
full
satisfaction
for
the
King
his
Master
,
and
acquir'd
so
much
Reputation
,
and
Esteem
with
the
Duke
,
as
at
the
same
time
to
obtain
a
signal
Favour
,
and
a
timely
assistance
for
himself
.
The
occasion
this
.
The
Mareschal
de
Bellegarde
his
Uncle
,
having
for
some
time
possest
the
Kings
Favour
,
was
at
last
,
through
the
ill
Offices
of
some
,
fallen
into
disgrace
,
and
had
thereupon
retir'd
himself
into
the
Marquisate
of
Saluzzo
,
of
which
Province
he
had
the
Government
;
and
whither
being
come
,
he
had
chas'd
Charles
Birague
,
the
Kings
Lieutenant
in
that
Marquisate
,
out
of
all
the
Places
and
strong
holds
he
had
formerly
possest
;
which
he
had
taken
upon
him
to
do
,
without
any
order
from
the
King
:
and
indeed
Bellegarde
unsatisfied
with
the
Court
,
rather
endeavour'd
to
fortifie
himself
,
and
to
secure
his
own
interest
,
than
to
stand
upon
the
niceties
,
and
punctillio's
of
his
duty
.
This
disorder
gave
a
hot
alarm
to
all
Italy
,
who
knew
not
to
what
Bellegardes
designs
might
tend
;
and
the
Queen
Mother
,
desirous
in
time
to
prevent
any
ill
consequence
,
had
her self
taken
a
Journey
to
accommodate
the
business
,
and
had
compos'd
it
to
the
Kings
satisfaction
,
and
seemingly
to
the
Mareschal's
too
,
who
had
receiv'd
a
ratification
of
whatever
he
had
done
:
but
the
Mareschal
was
no
sooner
return'd
into
his
Government
,
than
he
fell
immediately
sick
,
and
of
so
violent
a
distemper
,
as
in
few
dayes
carried
him
away
,
not
without
vehement
suspicion
of
poison
.
Many
being
perswaded
,
that
his
turbulent
spirit
having
given
the
Court
an
apprehension
,
that
a
discontented
man
of
his
Courage
,
would
be
hard
to
be
continued
in
the
due
limits
of
his
Obedience
,
they
thought
it
better
at
once
to
dispatch
him
out
of
the
way
,
than
to
be
at
the
continual
trouble
would
be
necessary
to
contain
him
in
his
duty
.
His
Son
,
whom
he
le●t
very
young
,
and
much
unsettled
in
his
Government
,
soon
found
himself
in
danger
to
be
turn'd
out
by
the
Faction
of
the
People
,
the
whole
Countrey
in
general
,
favouring
the
Biragues
,
Gentlemen
of
good
quality
,
and
Natives
of
that
Countrey
;
whom
doubtless
they
would
have
restor'd
to
the
Government
,
had
not
Caumont
,
in
the
time
of
his
Embassy
in
Savoy
,
obtain'd
some
Troops
from
the
Duke
for
his
Kinsman's
assistance
,
with
which
he
brought
him
so
opportune
,
and
so
effectual
a
succour
,
that
he
soon
supprest
the
Faction
,
plac'd
Bellegarde
secure
in
his
charge
,
and
left
him
strong
enough
to
defend
himself
;
until
the
King
,
whose
interest
requir'd
a
Minister
of
greater
Experience
in
that
Countrey
,
call'd
him
from
thence
to
place
la
Valette
,
Caumont's
elder
Brother
in
his
stead
,
giving
to
Bellegarde
in
recompense
the
Governments
of
Xaintonge
,
Angoumois
,
and
the
Countrey
of
Auluis
.
It
was
during
the
interim
of
this
Voyage
,
that
the
disgrace
of
St.
Luc
,
one
of
the
Favourites
,
was
concluded
.
D'
Aubigné
tell
us
that
he
learn'd
the
cause
of
this
disgrace
from
St.
Luc's
own
mouth
,
and
thereupon
tells
an
impudent
Story
:
but
they
who
well
consider
this
malevolent
Author's
way
of
writing
,
will
easily
judge
it
his
own
invention
,
to
bespatter
the
Kings
reputation
;
against
whom
(
besides
the
interest
of
his
Party
)
he
had
a
particular
spleen
,
having
been
ill
us'd
,
and
slighted
upon
many
occasions
.
Of
which
he
himself
cannot
forbear
to
complain
in
his
History
,
and
which
confession
in
it self
is
sufficient
to
discredit
all
the
calumnies
he
has
forg'd
against
the
Honour
of
this
Prince
.
Here
then
take
the
true
reason
of
his
disgrace
.
The
King
,
falling
in
love
with
a
Lady
of
great
Quality
,
St.
Luc's
disgrace
.
had
made
Caumont
,
and
St.
Luc
the
confidents
of
his
Passion
;
shortly
after
which
Caumont
was
sent
upon
the
Embassy
of
Savoy
,
spoke
of
before
:
and
St.
Luc
,
in
this
interval
of
his
absence
,
discovers
the
secret
of
the
King's
love
to
his
Wife
,
who
was
of
the
Family
of
Brissac
,
and
his
Wife
immediately
to
the
Queen
,
who
could
not
long
dissemble
her
discontent
to
the
King
her
Husband
;
but
reproach'd
him
with
his
Love
,
and
that
with
so
many
circumstances
,
that
in
effect
he
could
not
much
deny
it
.
The
King
infinitely
concern'd
at
the
infidelity
of
his
Confidents
,
to
whose
discretion
he
had
only
intrusted
that
secret
,
falls
upon
St.
Luc
,
Caumont
being
out
of
the
reach
of
his
anger
,
complains
how
basely
he
was
betray'd
,
and
in
fine
,
reproaches
him
with
the
discovery
.
St.
Luc
excuses
himself
,
and
,
that
he
might
do
it
with
the
better
colour
,
charges
Caumont
(
whose
absence
expos'd
him
to
that
ill
office
)
with
the
fault
;
but
the
King
,
who
had
before
begun
to
distaste
St.
Luc
,
ever
since
his
Marriage
with
a
Wife
,
who
was
very
partial
to
the
House
of
Guise
(
a
Family
whose
designs
were
every
day
more
and
more
suspected
to
him
)
was
still
in
his
own
Judgement
more
enclin'd
to
condemn
him
,
than
Caumont
of
the
Treachery
.
Yet
for
the
better
clearing
of
the
truth
,
which
he
was
impatient
to
know
,
he
addresses
himself
to
the
Queen
,
pressing
,
and
conjuring
her
,
to
tell
him
freely
,
from
whom
she
had
receiv'd
the
knowledge
of
his
Love
,
at
the
same
time
confessing
on
his
part
,
the
naked
,
and
undisguis'd
truth
,
the
more
to
oblige
her
to
deal
clearly
,
and
candidly
with
him
.
The
Queen
though
at
first
she
defended
her self
with
many
excuses
,
and
was
very
loath
to
betray
her
intelligence
,
was
at
last
(
as
there
are
few
secrets
which
are
not
communicative
betwixt
persons
of
so
near
relation
)
overcome
,
and
confest
that
it
was
from
St.
Luc's
Wife
she
had
receiv'd
that
secret
.
There
needed
no
more
to
confirm
the
King
in
the
prejudice
he
had
before
conceiv'd
against
St.
Luc:
and
his
Majesty
believing
there
was
more
of
design
,
than
levity
in
this
miscarriage
,
from
thenceforth
conceiv'd
a
mortal
animosity
against
him
,
and
was
resolute
to
his
ruine
;
yet
would
he
defer
the
discovery
of
his
displeasure
till
Caumont's
arrival
,
who
was
now
upon
return
,
that
he
might
first
know
,
how
ill
an
office
his
companion
,
and
friend
had
attempted
to
do
him
.
Caumont
was
no
sooner
return'd
,
than
the
King
ask't
him
what
opinion
he
had
of
St.
Luc's
friendship
?
who
answered
,
That
he
took
him
to
be
his
best
friend
,
as
he
knew
himself
to
be
his
;
and
that
there
was
a
particular
,
and
strict
friendship
betwixt
them
.
The
King
told
him
he
must
no
longer
continue
in
that
error
,
and
thereupon
acquainted
him
with
the
whole
story
,
and
with
the
resolution
he
had
taken
against
him
.
Caumont
(
notwithstanding
the
ill
Offices
he
had
receiv'd
)
fail'd
not
in
this
occasion
to
perform
all
the
duties
of
a
true
friend
,
but
employ'd
his
power
with
the
King
,
to
perswade
his
Majesty
into
milder
resolutions
:
but
not
being
able
with
all
he
could
say
to
prevail
against
the
just
indignation
he
had
conceiv'd
against
him
;
and
seeing
him
exasperated
to
such
a
height
,
as
was
like
enough
to
transport
him
to
the
greatest
extremities
,
he
gave
notice
to
St.
Luc
speedily
to
retire
from
Court
,
which
he
accordingly
did
,
and
fled
to
Brouage
.
This
is
the
true
story
of
his
disgrace
,
which
I
have
received
from
a
more
faithful
,
and
less
passionate
hand
than
that
of
Aubign●
.
It
was
at
this
same
time
of
Caumont's
return
from
Savoy
,
Anno
1580.
that
the
King
found
himself
engag'd
in
a
more
dangerous
Affair
,
than
this
before
related
.
The
Hugonot
Party
began
now
to
break
out
into
open
insurrection
:
and
their
Rebellion
was
of
so
much
the
greater
consequence
,
by
how
much
it
interrupted
,
and
overthrew
all
the
designs
he
had
laid
,
to
establish
the
peace
of
his
Kingdom
.
The
King
having
had
,
and
with
great
reason
,
the
greatness
of
the
House
of
Guise
long
suspected
to
him
,
had
determin'd
with
himself
,
but
insensibly
,
and
with
all
security
,
to
abate
that
growing
greatness
;
and
to
bring
his
designs
the
better
to
pass
,
and
with
the
least
noise
,
he
continually
dispos'd
all
the
great
employments
,
and
most
considerable
Offices
,
as
they
fell
void
,
into
the
hands
of
his
own
Creatures
,
without
distributing
any
part
into
the
power
of
the
Guises
,
or
of
any
that
he
knew
depended
upon
them
,
or
that
he
suspected
to
be
of
their
Faction
.
The
House
of
Guise
easily
enough
penetrating
into
the
depth
of
this
design
,
had
fortified
themselves
more
than
ever
,
in
their
Confederates
and
Friends
,
to
oppose
by
strong
hand
this
project
of
the
Kings
;
and
covering
with
the
pretence
of
the
Catholick
Religion
(
of
which
they
had
long
assum'd
to
themselves
the
titles
of
Protectors
,
either
their
Ambition
(
or
what
they
call'd
by
a
more
specious
name
)
the
necessity
of
their
Defence
,
were
ready
to
break
out
into
open
Arms.
The
King
,
advertis'd
of
their
designs
,
was
resolv'd
to
prevent
them
,
and
for
a
time
to
lay
aside
his
milder
Maxims
,
and
to
chastise
their
insolence
with
an
armed
hand
:
but
because
he
should
have
wanted
means
,
and
strength
,
if
at
the
same
time
,
he
should
undertake
the
House
of
Guise
,
the
Hugonot
Party
(
which
he
also
intended
to
cut
off
in
due
time
)
should
appear
in
Arms
,
he
tried
to
moderate
the
last
,
by
commanding
all
the
Edicts
that
had
been
made
in
their
Favour
,
to
be
strictly
,
and
inviolately
observ'd
.
He
granted
to
the
King
of
Navarre
all
he
could
reasonably
desire
,
treating
with
him
like
a
Prince
,
that
he
neither
thought
it
safe
to
raise
too
high
,
nor
that
he
had
a
desire
absolutely
to
subdue
.
A
proceeding
that
in
all
apparence
was
likely
to
continue
the
Peace
on
that
side
.
And
the
King
had
very
great
reason
to
hope
,
that
this
Prince
,
and
those
of
his
party
,
would
at
least
give
him
leisure
to
suppress
the
Family
of
Guise
,
who
as
they
were
dangerous
to
him
,
were
also
their
open
,
and
declared
Enemies
.
The
suppression
of
which
had
at
this
time
been
a
matter
easie
,
and
inevitable
,
had
Affairs
continued
in
this
posture
.
But
all
these
considerations
were
over-rul'd
,
and
overthrown
by
so
little
means
,
that
certainly
't
is
worthy
our
astonishment
to
consider
how
light
,
and
how
contemptible
things
will
pervert
the
ordinary
course
of
humane
prudence
.
The
Queen
of
Navarre
in
this
juncture
of
time
retir'd
from
Court
,
much
dissatisfied
with
the
King
her
Brother
,
as
she
her self
declares
in
her
own
Commentaries
;
and
as
she
was
a
Princess
of
a
dangerous
Wit
,
a
great
Spirit
,
and
one
that
conceiv'd
the
highest
point
of
generosity
to
consist
in
revenge
,
she
thought
she
could
not
do
the
King
her
Brother
a
more
sensible
injury
,
whose
designs
she
very
well
knew
;
nor
consequently
better
satisfie
her
own
revenge
,
than
by
stirring
up
the
King
her
Husband
against
him
.
Yet
thinking
her
own
interest
too
weak
of
it self
to
prevail
in
a
thing
of
this
consequence
,
she
thought
fit
to
assault
him
where
he
lay
most
open
to
her
,
and
where
he
had
the
least
power
to
defend
himself
.
Having
therefore
in
her
train
a
great
many
very
fine
women
,
and
such
as
were
well
disciplin'd
in
Love
Affairs
,
she
won
so
far
upon
their
obedience
;
as
that
they
behaving
themselves
according
to
her
instructions
towards
the
King
her
Husband
,
and
the
young
Nobility
about
him
,
soon
made
as
many
Lovers
,
Au●ig●é
.
as
there
were
Servants
attending
his
Person
:
and
by
that
means
seated
her self
absolute
Mistriss
of
that
Court
.
The
King
of
Navarre
pre-possest
with
these
ill
Councils
,
resolv'd
upon
taking
Armes
,
which
he
did
with
that
secresie
,
that
the
blow
was
given
before
the
noise
was
heard
.
The
design
was
great
,
and
vast
(
as
they
usually
are
in
all
commotions
)
but
when
it
came
to
execution
,
all
their
great
projects
ended
in
the
surprisal
of
two
important
places
.
The
first
was
Cahors
●etard
by
the
King
of
Navarre
,
the
other
la
●eré
,
by
the
Prince
of
Cond●
;
Mounsieur
Chatillon
,
in
Languedoc
,
nor
Mounsieur
Lesdiguieres
,
in
Dauphine
not
being
able
to
do
any
considerable
service
for
their
party
.
The
King
advertized
of
this
disorder
,
found
himself
necessitated
to
alter
his
first
resolutions
,
and
to
turn
his
thoughts
to
the
present
danger
;
so
that
instead
of
pursuing
the
suppression●
of
the
House
of
Guise
,
and
their
League
,
he
was
constrain'd
that
time
,
not
only
to
wink
at
their
Faults
,
but
to
employ
their
Persons
,
and
make
use
of
their
Interest●y
to
stop
this
unexpected
Rupture
.
In
which
he
carried
himself
with
that
wisdom
,
and
diligence
,
as
gave
no
little
astonishment
to
his
Enemies
,
when
they
saw
he
had
in
a
moment
set
three
great
Armies
on
foot
,
to
attend
their
motion
,
and
to
oppose
and
frustrate
their
attempts
.
They
had
principally
built
their
designs
upon
the
opinion
of
the
Kings
negligence
,
which
they
interpreted
cowardise
,
and
sloth
.
But
they
soon
perceiv'd
themselves
abus'd
in
that
belief
,
and
found
in
this
occasion
,
that
the
pleasure
and
ease
,
he
was
something
addicted
unto
,
had
not
unnerv'd
him
from
vigorous
action
,
when
his
Honour
and
Interest
call'd
him
abroad
.
There
is
one
thing
very
remarkable
in
this
occasion
,
which
is
rarely
observ'd
in
the
order
of
Humane
Affairs
,
that
all
things
succeeded
absolutely
according
to
the
Kings
Designs
;
and
Fortune
,
who
is
wont
to
delude
the
wisest
Counsels
,
submitted
here
to
the
Kings
Prudence
,
and
fore-sight
.
His
Majesty
had
great
reasons
not
to
oppress
the
King
of
Navarre
,
in
this
conjuncture
;
and
though
he
had
just
cause
to
be
angry
with
him
,
yet
,
he
had
more
to
preserve
him
,
to
the
end
that
he
might
in
his
person
maintain
a
Party
to
make
the
League
,
who
were
directly
opposite
to
him
.
He
therefore
sent
against
him
the
Mareschal
de
Biron
,
rather
to
spin
out
the
War
in
exploits
of
little
moment
,
than
to
end
it
at
one
blow
.
Into
Dauphine
,
where
there
was
little
,
or
nothing
to
be
done
,
no
more
than
in
Languedoc
,
he
dispatch'd
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
,
Affairs
being
at
this
time
in
such
a
condition
,
that
his
Majesty
was
constrain'd
to
serve
himself
with
some
of
those
Heads
of
the
League
,
who
were
already
sworn
to
it
:
but
he
did
it
withal
in
an
occasion
of
so
little
importance
,
that
the
Duke
was
therein
likely
to
acquire
no
great
reputation
to
himself
,
nor
no
great
advantage
to
his
Faction
.
But
on
the
contrary
,
for
what
concern'd
la
Feré
,
as
being
a
Town
near
to
Paris
,
and
in
Picardy
,
where
the
Hugonots
had
as
yet
no
other
footing
,
such
troublesome
neighbours
standing
highly
suspected
to
his
Majesty
,
he
dispatch'd
thither
the
Mareschal
de
Matignon
a
S●bject
of
great
Merit
,
and
approv'd
Fidelity
,
to
labour
in
good
earnest
the
recovery
of
that
place
.
In
this
Army
march'd
the
Favourites
,
of
which
Caumont
and
Ioyeuse
in
this
expedition
got
the
greatest
name
;
the
last
by
a
Harquebuss
shot
he
receiv'd
in
his
Face
,
and
the
other
by
the
taking
of
the
Town
;
of
which
success
the
Historians
of
that
time
attribute
to
him
the
chiefest
reputation
.
He
had
intreated
of
the
King
the
charge
of
Camp-Master
to
the
Regiment
of
Champagne
,
that
he
might
have
some
remarkable
employment
in
this
occasion
,
and
with
that
had
obtain'd
the
command
of
a
Quarter
;
so
that
,
nothing
necessary
being
wanting
to
the
advancement
of
his
work
he
rais'd
by
the
industry
of
an
●talian
Engineer
,
a
Cavalier
by
favour
of
which
,
having
planted
a
battery
,
Aubigné
.
that
look'd
directly
into
the
place
,
and
that
shot
into
the
Enemies
Defences
,
he
reduc'd
them
to
that
extremity
,
that
not
daring
to
shew
their
heads
upon
the
Walls
,
they
were
soon
forc'd
to
a
capitulation
.
The
first
overtures
of
Surrender
were
made
to
Caumont
,
who
most
prest
upon
them
;
which
the
Mareschal
de
Matignon
,
being
displeas'd
at
,
as
jealous
of
the
honour
they
had
done
him
,
to
the
prejudice
(
as
he
conceiv'd
)
of
the
command
he
had
at
that
Siege
,
he
immediately
granted
to
the
Deputies
,
which
Caumont
had
out
of
respect
wholly
referr'd
to
him
,
their
own
conditions
,
without
once
calling
Caumont
to
the
determination
;
an
injury
he
so
highly
resented
,
that
he
could
not
govern
his
passion
from
breaking
out
at
the
instant
,
but
smartly
continued
his
Battery
against
the
Town
(
notwithstanding
the
Articles
agreed
upon
,
and
sign'd
)
and
ceas'd
not
till
the
Kings
Troops
were
entred
into
it
.
But
he
shortly
after
had
a
better
revenge
:
for
departing
the
Camp
,
without
taking
leave
of
the
Mareschal
,
and
arriv'd
at
Court
,
he
obtain'd
from
the
King
the
Government
of
that
place
,
which
the
Mareschal
had
importunately
sued
for
,
and
kept
it
many
years
after
.
By
this
exploit
the
War
ended
,
which
having
been
undertaken
rather
out
of
a
capricious
humour
,
than
mature
deliberation
,
had
the
same
success
,
that
commonly
attends
precipitous
and
indigested
Counsels
.
The
Peace
that
follow'd
,
kept
Caumont
at
Court
,
where
his
favour
daily
encreas'd
,
till
it
came
to
such
a
height
,
that
there
was
no
employment
,
or
benefit
,
with
which
the
King
his
Master
was
not
highly
pleas'd
to
gratifie
him
.
Before
he
obtain'd
the
charge
of
Camp-Master
to
the
Regiment
of
Champagne
for
himself
,
he
had
procur'd
for
la
Valette
his
elder
Brother
,
that
of
Camp-Master
to
the
Light
Horse
;
an
Employment
that
had
been
so
worthily
discharg'd
by
their
Father
;
which
I
have
often
heard
him
say
,
was
the
first
grace
he
ever
begg'd
of
the
King
,
having
it
seems
a
desire
to
retrive
the
Offices
of
his
Family
for
his
Brother
,
and
to
give
him
the
first
advantages
of
his
Favour
,
reserving
nothing
,
save
future
hopes
for
himself
:
but
those
hopes
were
not
long
suspended
,
for
the
esteem
the
King
had
of
him
,
being
founded
upon
his
courage
,
and
fidelity
,
had
begot
in
his
Majesty
so
great
a
passion
for
him
,
C●umont's
high
Favo●r
.
that
his
thoughts
were
wholly
taken
up
with
the
contrivance
,
how
to
make
him
great
;
and
he
has
often
been
heard
to
say
,
he
would
raise
him
so
high
,
that
he
would
not
so
much
as
reserve
to
himself
the
power
to
pull
him
down
.
The
Historians
of
that
age
give
him
from
henceforward
an
advantage
over
Ioyeuse
in
the
Kings
Favour
,
and
would
make
us
believe
it
was
so
apparent
,
as
to
beget
a
jealousie
in
Ioyeuse
;
but
that
is
a
secret
I
never
learn'd
from
Caumont's
mouth
;
though
it
may
be
presum'd
that
his
carriage
,
and
conduct
,
was
more
likely
to
please
the
King
;
Ioyeuse
having
such
a
vanity
to
boast
,
and
make
a
shew
of
the
credit
he
had
with
his
Master
,
and
of
the
favours
and
liberalities
he
receiv'd
from
him
by
inordinate
profusions
,
and
expense
,
as
did
not
only
bring
many
inconveniences
upon
himself
,
but
great
murmurings
and
discontents
upon
the
King
:
whereas
Caumont
,
who
had
rather
be
powerful
and
esteem'd
in
effect
,
than
in
outward
shew
,
made
a
sober
,
and
profitable
use
of
the
interest
he
had
in
the
King
;
and
made
his
greatness
more
apparent
to
discerning
men
,
by
the
establish'd
constancy
that
ty'd
him
fast
to
his
duty
,
than
by
the
exterior
●opperies
of
pomp
,
which
are
but
the
faint
reflexions
of
a
true
shining
lustre
.
If
this
stability
of
his
was
commendable
in
any
thing
,
it
was
much
more
in
the
constant
aversion
he
had
to
the
League
,
to
which
nothing
could
ever
reconcile
him
;
nor
to
the
heads
of
that
Faction
:
but
on
the
contrary
he
took
all
occasions
publickly
to
exasperate
,
and
affront
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
without
regarding
the
reputation
of
so
great
a
man
,
or
fearing
the
danger
of
so
powerful
an
Enemy
;
his
animosity
carrying
him
so
far
,
as
several
times
to
beg
leave
of
the
King
,
that
he
might
fight
him
man
to
man
,
desiring
with
all
his
soul
to
hazard
his
own
life
,
that
he
might
by
an
honourable
way
deliver
his
Master
,
from
the
troubles
,
and
apprehensions
,
with
which
the
practices
of
this
Duke
perpetually
afflicted
him
,
though
his
Majesty
would
never
consent
to
it
.
But
Ioyeuse
liv'd
after
another
manner
,
maintaining
a
greater
intelligence
with
the
House
of
Guise
,
than
ought
to
have
been
betwixt
so
oblig'd
a
Servant
,
and
his
Master
's
open
,
and
declared
Enemies
;
which
doubtless
was
the
chief
cause
of
the
diminution
of
his
favour
,
and
in
truth
either
prompted
by
the
sole
ambition
of
seeing
himself
Brother-in-law
to
the
King
,
to
which
honour
he
thought
he
could
not
arrive
without
the
Duke
of
Guise's
assistance
,
or
by
the
desire
he
had
to
secure
his
Fortune
on
all
sides
,
which
is
very
often
a
ruinous
maxim
,
he
ever
industriously
labor'd
the
friendship
of
that
Family
.
Some
believe
that
he
at
first
treated
with
them
unknown
to
the
King
about
his
Marriage
with
a
Princess
of
their
House
,
and
Name
,
Sister
to
the
Queen
.
'T
is
true
he
had
afterwards
the
King's
permission
,
and
the
overture
,
being
once
made
,
was
prest
by
the
King
himself
to
a
consummation
of
it
:
but
it
was
his
part
to
have
foreseen
the
inconveniences
of
this
Alliance
,
and
to
have
consider'd
the
consequences
before
he
had
embark'd
himself
.
As
one
of
the
King
's
chiefest
cares
was
to
keep
such
an
equality
towards
his
Favourites
,
Anno
1581.
that
they
might
have
no
occasion
to
trouble
the
delight
he
took
in
their
conversation
,
with
complaints
,
or
differences
;
so
had
he
no
sooner
concluded
the
Marriage
of
his
Sister-in-law
to
the
Duke
of
Ioyeuse
;
but
that
he
would
bestow
another
call'd
Christina
,
upon
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
I
begin
here
to
give
him
the
title
of
Duke
,
A
proposition
of
Marriage
for
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
because
he
had
it
before
,
although
the
thred
of
this
discourse
permits
me
not
to
speak
of
his
promotion
to
this
dignity
,
till
the
following
page
.
A
temptation
delicate
enough
to
flatter
a
mind
so
great
,
and
so
ambitious
,
as
that
of
the
Duke
;
nevertheless
he
excus'd
himself
with
a
moderation
,
highly
to
be
commended
in
an
occasion
of
this
nature
;
neither
was
his
prudence
less
to
be
admir'd
,
than
his
moderation
:
and
all
the
world
have
believ'd
,
that
amongst
all
the
actions
of
his
life
,
this
was
of
greatest
importance
to
the
conservation
of
his
Fortune
.
Upon
this
refusal
of
his
,
divers
Judgments
were
made
,
all
actions
of
great
men
,
especially
Favorites
,
never
wanting
interpreters
:
such
as
were
justest
to
the
Duke
highly
approved
his
conduct
,
that
so
prudently
under
the
shadow
of
respect
,
had
rejected
an
advantage
,
that
in
it self
carried
only
noise
,
and
shew
;
though
otherwise
it
might
render
him
capable
of
pretending
to
more
solid
things
,
and
at
least
make
him
rival
the
extraordinary
honor
the
Duke
of
Ioyeuse
had
receiv'd
;
others
that
would
less
favourably
interpret
him
,
discommended
his
carriage
,
as
if
by
this
refusal
he
intended
tacitly
to
condemn
the
Duke
of
Ioyeuse
his
Vanity
,
and
Ambition
;
and
these
confirm'd
themselves
in
their
opinion
,
by
the
great
disproportion
they
saw
betwixt
the
moderate
expense
at
the
Marriage
of
the
Duke's
elder
Brother
,
and
the
prodigious
profusion
that
was
made
at
that
of
the
Duke
of
Ioyeuse
;
The
journal
of
Henry
the
third
.
where
the
expense
was
so
great
as
amounted
to
above
two
millions
of
Livers
,
an
immense
summe
in
those
days
,
and
especially
at
a
time
wherein
the
State
was
in
great
necessities
.
This
gave
a
great
occasion
of
murmure
,
not
only
to
the
well
and
ill
dispos'd
French
,
but
even
to
such
strangers
as
were
affectionate
to
the
Crown
of
France
;
whereas
that
of
Mounsieur
de
la
Valette
,
which
was
solemnized
at
the
same
time
with
Anne
de
Batarnay
,
was
past
over
with
very
little
noise
;
not
but
that
the
King
would
also
in
this
occasion
have
powr'd
out
his
liberality
:
but
the
two
Brothers
,
having
discreetly
avoided
an
unnecessary
expense
,
soberly
husbanded
their
Masters
purse
,
to
his
and
their
own
reputation
.
From
the
time
that
his
Majesty
had
determined
to
raise
his
two
Favourites
to
the
honour
of
his
Alliance
,
Anno
1582.
he
honoured
them
both
with
the
Dignity
of
Duke
,
and
Peer
;
and
purchas'd
in
Caumont's
name
the
Manour
of
Espernon
,
to
the
end
,
he
might
bear
that
Title
.
But
his
Letters
Patents
,
having
been
carried
to
the
Parliament
,
receiv'd
at
first
some
difficulty
in
their
verification
,
as
it
had
before
happened
,
in
the
case
of
Ioyeuse
:
which
difficulty
arose
from
the
place
the
King
had
given
in
those
Letters
to
the
two
new
Dukes
,
having
there
ranck'd
them
immediately
after
the
Princes
of
the
Blood
,
which
the
other
more
ancient
Dukes
,
The
two
Favourites
made
Dukes
and
Peers
of
〈◊〉
.
being
highly
displeas'd
at
,
oppos'd
;
and
had
so
wrought
the
Parliament
to
their
Favour
,
that
the
King
was
forc'd
to
send
them
a
peremptory
command
to
pass
over
all
oppositions
,
telling
them
(
amongst
other
terms
of
favour
)
that
having
chosen
Caumont
,
and
Ioyeuse
,
for
his
Brothers-in-law
,
and
intending
to
place
them
by
this
Alliance
so
near
his
own
person
,
he
could
not
endure
they
should
make
any
difficulty
of
receiving
them
into
the
degree
,
he
had
assign'd
for
them
;
that
Honour
being
far
inferiour
to
what
he
had
already
conferr'd
upon
them
by
that
choice
:
Upon
which
,
there
being
no
more
contest
,
the
thing
past
according
to
his
Majesties
pleasure
,
and
was
recorded
without
reservation
.
Though
the
King
seem'd
to
have
his
thoughts
wholly
taken
up
with
these
little
domestick
Affairs
,
Anno
1583.
and
to
intend
nothing
but
the
advancement
of
his
Favourites
;
yet
was
he
not
even
in
this
without
a
further
end
,
and
design
:
for
perceiving
himself
too
weak
by
fine
force
,
to
crush
the
two
powerful
Factions
,
that
divided
the
whole
Kingdom
,
he
try'd
to
accomplish
that
by
policy
,
which
he
could
not
effect
by
power
,
in
depriving
both
sides
of
all
kind
of
authority
and
trust
;
advancing
on
the
contrary
his
Favourites
,
and
such
as
he
had
confidence
in
,
to
all
the
Offices
,
and
Employments
he
possibly
could
;
neither
was
there
any
grace
,
or
favour
to
be
obtain'd
,
but
for
them
,
or
for
such
of
their
creatures
,
as
wholly
relied
upon
their
fortune
.
Neither
met
this
design
of
his
with
any
opposition
from
the
Hugonot
Party
;
who
,
the
more
they
were
his
open
and
declared
Enemies
,
the
less
were
they
in
his
way
,
and
gave
him
the
less
trouble
:
For
the
Court
being
suspected
to
the
King
of
Navarre
,
the
Prince
of
Cond●
,
and
the
other
Chiefs
of
their
party
,
kept
them
at
such
a
distance
,
as
depriv'd
them
of
the
means
to
sue
for
Governments
,
Offices
,
and
commands
of
places
;
nay
,
it
was
a
favour
to
let
them
enjoy
those
they
already
had
;
so
that
living
retir'd
,
and
at
ease
,
but
without
credit
,
or
consideration
,
their
interest
by
degrees
mouldred
away
,
and
grew
weak
of
it self
:
which
was
the
posture
the
King
would
have
them
in
.
But
the
heads
of
the
League
were
in
a
far
different
condition
,
they
had
for
many
years
upheld
their
credit
at
Court
,
had
discharg'd
successively
from
Father
to
Son
,
the
greatest
Offices
of
the
Crown
,
were
possest
of
many
important
Governments
,
and
very
considerable
places
,
and
by
the
greatness
of
their
Birth
,
and
Services
,
by
the
reputation
of
their
valour
,
and
other
eminent
qualities
they
were
Masters
of
,
endeavour'd
to
eclipse
the
Majesty
of
the
King
;
who
,
being
less
enclin'd
to
oftentation
,
liv'd
a
more
retir'd
life
than
they
.
It
was
necessary
to
abate
the
growing
greatness
of
those
powerful
,
The
state
of
Affairs
at
Court
,
and
the
Kings
cond●ct
.
and
dangerous
Subjects
;
to
effect
which
(
which
was
the
chief
and
most
important
Affair
of
State
)
the
King
first
exhibited
a
publick
and
general
prohibition
to
all
sorts
of
people
,
excepting
the
Queen
his
Mother
,
and
the
Queen
his
Wife
,
not
to
presume
to
ask
any
thing
of
his
Majesty
,
whether
Money
,
Offices
,
or
Commands
;
reserving
wholly
to
himself
the
disposition
of
all
such
things
,
and
that
of
his
own
voluntary
grace
,
and
bounty
,
and
upon
due
consideration
of
the
party's
Merit
.
And
to
the
end
that
the
over
free
access
to
his
person
,
might
not
give
occasion
to
those
he
most
suspected
to
exceed
the
limits
of
this
prohibition
,
he
seconded
that
with
another
.
That
no
person
of
what
quality
soever
,
should
come
into
his
Cabinet
,
without
he
were
call'd
:
but
from
this
general
rule
he
made
a
particular
exception
for
his
Favourites
,
whom
he
made
free
to
enter
at
all
hours
,
like
enough
on
purpose
to
nettle
the
House
of
Guise
;
though
they
were
not
the
only
men
offended
at
it
,
almost
all
the
great
men
about
the
Court
,
being
sensibly
concern'd
,
to
be
depriv'd
of
a
priviledge
,
that
was
now
only
reserv'd
for
five
or
six
of
his
Majesties
Creatures
.
The
Lords
of
the
House
of
Guise
,
being
by
this
means
excluded
from
all
hope
of
encreasing
their
power
by
new
acquisitions
of
trust
,
the
King
began
to
contrive
how
he
might
gently
withdraw
what
they
already
had
,
out
of
their
hands
;
and
carried
it
so
,
that
so
often
as
there
was
any
vacancy
,
by
the
decease
of
any
of
their
creatures
,
he
immediately
conferr'd
those
places
upon
some
of
his
own
;
and
if
at
any
time
any
of
their
Partizans
were
content
to
take
money
for
such
charges
,
as
they
were
seis'd
of
,
the
King
would
stick
at
nothing
that
might
satisfie
them
,
to
the
end
he
might
dispose
places
,
into
secure
,
and
faithful
hands
.
The
Duke
of
Ioyeuse
by
these
two
ways
,
that
is
by
the
King's
gift
when
a
Government
fell
void
,
or
otherwise
by
Contract
,
had
obtain'd
the
Government
of
Normandy
,
with
Haure
de
Grace
,
●aen
,
and
other
places
:
the
Government
of
Anjou
for
the
Compte
de
Bouchage
,
his
Brother
;
the
Lieutenancy
of
Languedoc
for
his
Father
,
with
many
other
important
Governments
and
Places
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon
had
also
the
Government
of
Metz
,
and
the
Messin
Countrey
,
that
of
Dauphine
,
Boulogne
,
Calice
,
la
Fere
,
Loches
,
the
Citadel
of
Lions
,
and
some
others
.
As
it
was
necessary
for
these
two
great
ment
to
find
out
assured
Friends
,
and
faithful
Servants
,
into
whose
hands
they
might
safely
commit
so
many
several
places
of
trust
,
as
the
King's
bounty
had
possest
them
of
;
so
was
it
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
care
to
provide
himself
of
such
persons
;
and
supposing
he
could
find
none
,
who
were
likely
to
be
more
faithful
to
him
,
than
those
of
his
own
Kindred
and
Relation
,
he
to
that
purpose
call'd
the
greatest
part
of
them
about
his
person
.
His
elder
Brother
had
by
his
recommendation
the
Government
of
Dauphine
,
The
Duke
advances
his
own
Relations
.
in
which
employment
he
behav'd
himself
so
well
,
that
he
preserved
that
Province
entire
in
his
Majesties
obedience
during
all
the
commotions
of
the
League
:
neither
were
his
Services
confin'd
within
the
bounds
of
his
Government
;
he
passed
over
several
times
into
Provence
,
and
secur'd
that
Countrey
against
the
attempts
of
the
said
League
,
when
assisted
both
by
Spain
and
Savoy
.
He
also
oppos'd
the
power
of
the
Hugonots
,
which
was
very
considerable
in
both
these
Provinces
;
so
that
France
has
to
him
only
the
obligation
,
that
Dauphin●
is
not
now
in
the
Savoyard's
hands
,
as
well
as
the
Marquisate
of
Saluzzo
.
Montcasin
the
Dukes
Cousin
was
put
into
Metz
,
Cajan
his
Brother
had
the
Regiment
of
Champagne
,
and
soon
after
the
Lieutenancy
of
Xaintogne
,
Angomois
,
and
the
Countrey
of
Aulins
.
And
many
other
places
were
dispos'd
into
the
hands
of
several
men
of
trust
,
and
quality
,
who
depended
upon
the
Duke
.
But
he
had
yet
a
Kinsman
in
Gascony
,
to
whom
,
next
to
his
Brother
,
he
had
a
particular
regard
above
all
others
,
which
was
Roger
,
afterwards
Duke
de
Bellegarde
,
Son
to
Mounsieur
de
Termes
,
the
Duke's
Uncle
by
the
Mothers
side
,
and
Heir
to
the
House
of
Bellegarde
.
This
young
Gentleman
,
being
bred
up
according
to
his
condition
,
to
all
the
exercises
becoming
a
person
of
his
Birth
and
Quality
,
was
by
the
Duke
brought
to
Court
;
where
he
continued
the
care
of
his
Education
in
his
own
House
,
keeping
him
still
to
his
Exercises
,
till
he
was
grown
excellent
in
them
all
:
but
the
Duke
was
not
content
to
oblige
,
him
only
in
this
,
he
further
employ'd
his
care
,
and
good
Offices
to
place
him
in
the
Kings
esteem
,
wherein
he
succeeded
perhaps
beyond
his
own
desire
;
Bellegarde
arriving
to
such
a
degree
of
Favour
,
as
grew
at
last
suspected
to
the
Duke
himself
.
Some
years
past
over
in
these
Court
practices
;
Anno
1584.
neither
from
the
time
of
the
Treaty
of
Peace
with
the
King
of
Navarre
,
in
the
Year
1580.
until
the
beginning
of
the
Year
1584.
were
there
any
Affairs
of
importance
,
save
those
of
the
Cabinet
.
The
King
constant
to
his
first
Maxims
,
continually
labour'd
the
ruine
of
the
League
,
and
of
the
Hugonot
Party
;
neither
was
he
,
in
his
own
nature
,
more
inclin'd
to
advance
those
he
had
a
kindness
for
,
than
he
was
bent
to
weaken
,
and
depress
those
who
were
suspected
to
him
.
The
Duke
of
Guise
,
The
first
commotion
of
the
League
.
the
Cardinal
his
Brother
,
their
Relations
,
and
Confederates
,
seeing
all
things
directed
to
this
end
,
and
not
being
able
to
endure
the
condition
of
private
persons
to
which
they
saw
the
King
endeavour'd
to
reduce
them
,
set
on
foot
great
practices
,
both
within
,
and
without
the
Kingdom
,
and
try'd
all
imaginable
ways
they
thought
might
help
to
fortifie
and
secure
themselves
.
And
as
they
had
hitherto
been
proceeded
against
without
violence
,
so
had
they
carried
on
their
practices
without
noise
:
but
at
last
finding
the
King
more
openly
labour'd
their
ruine
,
which
was
already
almost
inevitable
,
they
would
no
longer
forbear
to
unmask
themselves
,
nor
to
publish
their
long
premeditated
designs
by
an
open
Rupture
.
In
the
beginning
then
of
the
Year
1585.
Anno
1585.
the
Duke
of
Guise
retir'd
himself
to
Ioinville
,
and
there
receiv'd
into
his
House
the
King
of
Spain's
Deputies
,
together
with
the
Sieur
de
Meneville
Attorney
to
the
Cardinal
of
Bourbon
,
who
did
all
the
business
of
the
League
in
France
.
Where
also
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
his
Brother
,
and
divers
others
of
his
Partizans
,
repair'd
to
him
.
At
which
Assembly
it
was
resolv'd
to
break
out
suddenly
into
open
Arms
,
upon
such
conditions
,
as
the
Historians
of
that
time
have
already
declar'd
,
and
which
is
nothing
to
my
business
.
The
King
,
who
was
soon
advertiz'd
of
this
Conspiracy
(
which
was
now
no
longer
a
secret
)
to
hinder
it
from
taking
any
dangerous
effect
,
and
in
due
time
to
provide
for
the
safety
of
the
Kingdom
,
assembled
,
together
with
the
Queen
his
Mother
,
such
persons
as
were
of
chiefest
trust
about
him
,
and
whose
Counsels
he
ever
made
use
of
in
debates
of
greatest
importance
,
to
deliberate
,
and
advise
what
,
in
this
posture
of
Affairs
,
was
best
to
be
done
.
These
were
the
Dukes
of
Espernon
,
of
Joyeuse
,
and
of
Retz
,
the
Chancellour
Chiveruy
,
Bellieure
,
D'O
,
Villeroy
,
and
Villequier
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon
as
the
youngest
,
being
commanded
to
give
his
opinion
first
of
the
Proposition
in
hand
,
freely
Remonstrated
.
That
so
long
as
the
ambition
of
the
House
of
Guise
had
contain'd
it self
within
some
moderate
limits
of
respect
to
their
Sovereign
,
he
had
infinitely
commended
his
Majesties
Clemency
,
that
so
long
had
wink'd
at
their
faults
,
expecting
when
Subjects
of
their
quality
and
merit
should
come
to
themselves
,
and
see
their
own
error
.
That
in
the
beginning
of
great
Crimes
,
Patience
was
almost
a
necessary
Vertue
,
and
that
it
had
often
oblig'd
such
Offenders
into
their
duty
,
as
it
would
have
been
a
matter
of
some
difficulty
to
have
reduc'd
by
force
:
but
that
this
Patience
had
its
bounds
as
well
as
other
Vertues
,
and
that
the
excess
of
it
degenerated
into
Vices
,
of
all
other
most
pernicious
to
Princes
.
That
he
would
never
advise
his
Majesty
to
cruelty
,
because
it
was
dreadful
,
and
inhumane
,
though
it
often
begot
tht
Sovereign
power
a
more
absolute
respect
.
That
profuseness
begot
love
,
at
least
in
the
receivers
;
and
that
the
other
mistakes
of
Princes
were
seldom
altogether
unfruitful
;
whereas
an
excessive
toleration
render'd
them
contemptible
to
all
the
world
.
That
from
contempt
men
fell
into
hatred
,
and
from
hatred
ran
headlong
into
attempts
.
That
above
all
things
Princes
should
fear
being
despis'd
,
which
is
infallibly
destructive
to
Authority
;
as
on
the
contrary
,
Fear
and
Respect
supports
it
.
That
it
was
his
opinion
,
the
King
without
further
deliberation
should
have
recourse
to
Arms.
That
his
Enemies
not
having
yet
the
assistance
of
Strangers
,
and
the
Forces
they
expected
at
home
not
being
yet
united
,
would
be
easily
supprest
.
That
his
Majesty
ought
not
to
suspect
his
own
strength
in
this
occasion
;
that
so
good
a
cause
as
his
could
want
no
Souldiers
,
and
that
his
own
Royal
Courage
would
give
vigour
,
and
encouragement
to
all
true
Frenchmen
to
maintain
his
Authority
,
not
only
against
his
Rebellious
Subjects
,
but
against
all
the
World
.
The
Chancellour
Chiveruy
,
the
Duke
de
Retz
,
and
the
Marquis
D'O
,
were
of
this
opinion
,
and
the
King
himself
had
too
much
experience
,
and
too
much
judgement
,
not
to
be
of
the
same
;
but
the
Duke
of
Ioyeuse
,
Bellieure
,
Villeroy
,
and
Villequier
,
were
of
a
contrary
advice
:
to
whom
the
Queen
Mother
adhering
,
the
King
,
who
had
ever
a
great
deference
to
her
Councils
,
cool'd
in
the
inclination
he
had
to
that
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
and
was
over-rul'd
into
mildness
,
and
moderation
;
which
as
they
are
usually
,
the
ruine
of
all
Affairs
of
this
nature
,
so
they
prov'd
to
be
of
this
.
They
thenceforward
therefore
began
to
treat
about
this
War
,
and
that
by
propositions
not
like
those
of
a
Prince
to
his
Subject
;
but
such
as
were
more
proper
betwixt
enemy
,
and
enemy
,
that
stood
upon
equal
ground
.
The
King
,
before
he
would
resolve
upon
the
last
remedy
of
Arms
,
first
caus'd
the
Duke
of
Guise
to
be
sounded
,
to
try
,
whether
or
no
,
he
would
by
fair
means
be
prevail'd
with
to
leave
of
those
practices
his
Majesty
very
well
knew
he
entertain'd
against
his
Service
,
and
his
own
Duty
:
which
having
in
vain
attempted
,
and
finding
his
obstinacy
to
be
such
,
as
was
not
to
be
overcome
by
gentle
wayes
,
he
presently
dispatch'd
away
into
Germany
,
and
Switzerland
,
to
make
speedy
Leavies
both
of
Horse
and
Foot
;
and
conceiving
he
could
not
in
the
present
necessity
receive
so
prompt
,
and
so
certain
a
succour
from
any
,
as
from
the
King
of
Navarre
,
his
Majesty
would
try
if
he
could
not
gain
him
to
his
Interest
,
that
they
might
joyntly
oppose
the
first
fury
of
the
League
,
that
erected
it self
to
their
common
prejudice
.
In
which
deliberation
there
was
notwithstanding
an
almost
invincible
difficulty
,
namely
the
difference
of
Religion
;
for
the
King
,
what
need
soever
he
had
of
the
King
of
Navarre's
assistance
,
could
never
perswade
himself
to
joyn
with
him
in
Arms
,
if
he
were
not
first
a
Catholick
;
wherein
the
respect
to
his
Conscience
prevail'd
with
him
,
above
the
consideration
of
his
Fortune
,
and
Kingdom
.
This
point
therefore
,
The
King
sends
the
Duke
of
Espernon
to
treat
with
the
King
of
Navarre
.
upon
which
so
much
depended
,
was
to
be
discreetly
managed
:
and
the
Duke
of
Espernon
as
Supreme
in
the
Kings
confidence
,
was
,
before
all
others
chosen
to
treat
with
the
King
of
Navarre
about
this
great
Affair
;
which
,
that
it
might
be
carried
with
the
greater
secresie
,
the
Duke
pretended
a
visit
to
Madam
de
la
Valette
,
his
Mother
at
Caumont
,
whom
he
had
never
seen
since
his
advancement
to
favour
;
nor
whom
(
a
rare
example
of
Vertue
,
and
Moderation
in
a
person
of
her
Sex
,
and
Condition
)
he
could
ever
,
with
all
the
instance
he
could
use
,
prevail
with
,
to
come
to
Court
,
nor
perswade
to
leave
the
sweet
repose
of
her
own
House
,
nor
the
modesty
,
and
retiredness
of
her
former
life
.
Things
being
thus
ordered
,
the
Duke
began
his
Journey
from
Court
with
a
Train
,
and
Magnificence
;
that
is
still
remembred
in
all
the
places
,
through
which
he
past
.
He
had
above
500
Gentlemen
,
and
many
of
those
men
of
very
great
quality
in
his
attendance
:
so
great
authority
and
esteem
,
he
had
already
acquir'd
;
neither
did
that
authority
and
esteem
ever
decline
,
but
were
his
inseparable
Companions
during
his
whole
life
.
The
King
writ
to
all
the
places
,
through
which
he
was
to
pass
,
to
receive
him
with
the
same
respect
,
and
to
pay
him
the
same
honours
they
would
do
to
his
own
person
:
which
was
absolutely
obey'd
,
if
not
over-done
,
the
Duke
receiving
infinite
and
unusual
civilities
,
both
at
Orleans
,
Poitiers
,
Burdeaux
,
Tholouse
,
and
in
all
the
other
Cities
through
which
he
pass'd
.
At
last
he
arriv'd
at
Caumont
,
where
he
had
the
satisfaction
of
seeing
his
Mother
,
who
was
no
more
dazled
with
the
immediate
sight
of
her
Son's
greatness
,
than
she
had
been
before
elevated
with
the
report
of
it
.
She
discours'd
with
him
of
Affairs
of
State
,
and
of
the
advantages
of
his
own
Fortune
,
with
the
Gravity
and
Authority
of
a
Mother
,
but
of
a
Vertuous
and
Prudent
Mother
:
and
I
have
heard
him
say
,
That
he
receiv'd
more
safe
and
solid
Counsels
from
the
pr●dent
simplicity
of
that
good
Lady
,
than
from
the
subtlety
,
and
experience
,
of
the
most
practis'd
Courtiers
.
After
having
staid
some
days
in
her
company
,
and
his
chief
business
being
not
to
receive
a
dispatch
there
,
he
parted
thence
towards
the
King
of
Navarre
,
who
was
then
in
the
County
of
Foix.
The
King
did
him
the
honour
to
meet
him
as
far
as
Saverdun
,
where
they
had
the
first
Conference
.
The
second
was
at
Pamiers
,
in
the
same
County
of
Foix
,
whither
the
Duke
of
Espernon
(
who
could
by
no
means
avoid
the
great
crowd
of
Nobility
,
and
Gentry
that
came
from
all
parts
of
Guienne
,
and
Languedoc
to
see
him
)
came
so
extraordinarily
accompanied
;
that
the
King
of
Navarre
,
who
(
designing
to
continue
the
same
honour
to
him
)
intended
to
have
met
him
a
good
way
out
of
Town
,
was
advised
to
expect
him
on
foot
at
the
Gates
of
the
City
,
his
own
Friends
and
Retinue
,
being
too
few
to
make
up
a
number
,
that
might
hold
any
proportion
with
that
the
Duke
brought
along
with
him
.
In
these
two
Conferences
the
Duke
deliver'd
what
he
had
in
Commission
,
D'
A●●igné
.
fortifying
the
propositions
he
had
to
make
with
so
many
,
and
so
powerful
Arguments
;
that
the
King
of
Navarre
clearly
satisfied
of
his
own
good
,
discover'd
at
last
a
great
inclination
to
perform
what
the
King
desir'd
of
him
,
viz.
his
Conversion
to
the
Roman
Catholick
Religion
.
He
evidently
saw
the
eminent
danger
,
whereinto
this
great
conspiracy
of
the
League
was
likely
to
precipitate
him
;
with
the
advantages
he
might
have
by
running
the
same
fortune
with
the
King
,
of
defending
himself
,
and
his
Interest
,
by
his
Majesties
Authority
and
Power
.
Requelaure
,
and
many
other
persons
of
good
quality
about
him
,
fortifi'd
him
in
this
good
deliberation
;
but
he
was
disswaded
from
it
by
a
far
greater
number
of
the
other
opinion
,
who
represented
to
him
,
the
hard
usage
he
had
receiv'd
at
Court
,
the
hazards
he
had
run
in
his
own
person
,
and
the
persecution
those
of
the
Reform'd
Religion
,
who
were
his
Servants
,
and
Friends
,
had
suffer'd
from
thence
.
They
did
not
stick
further
absolutely
to
impute
all
the
hard
measure
the
Hugonot
Party
had
receiv'd
to
this
King
;
although
the
greatest
violencies
had
been
exercised
upon
them
in
the
Reign
of
Charles
the
Ninth
,
expressing
as
passionate
a
hatred
against
him
,
as
the
League
so
impudently
manifested
in
their
Rebellious
Actions
.
And
certainly
the
Misfortune
of
this
Prince
is
never
too
much
to
be
lamented
,
nor
the
unsteddiness
of
his
condition
too
much
to
be
wondered
at
;
having
his
Kingdom
divided
by
two
Factions
,
so
directly
opposite
to
one
another
that
he
could
never
serve
himself
by
the
one
,
to
defend
himself
from
the
other
;
and
both
sides
,
though
implacable
enemies
betwixt
themselves
,
concurr'd
nevertheless
always
in
this
,
that
they
both
equally
desired
his
Ruine
.
At
last
,
after
many
Conferences
,
the
King
of
Navarre
gave
the
Duke
his
final
Answer
at
Pau
,
whither
he
had
invited
him
to
come
,
to
this
effect
.
That
he
was
the
Kings
most
humble
Servant
,
that
he
would
justifie
himself
to
be
so
upon
all
occasions
,
and
that
he
would
never
separate
himself
from
his
Service
and
Interests
,
if
his
Majesty
did
not
constrain
him
to
it
,
by
condescending
too
much
to
his
Enemies
Counsels
:
but
that
he
could
not
,
for
any
consideration
of
Honour
,
Riches
,
or
any
other
advantages
that
could
be
propos'd
to
him
,
depart
from
the
Religion
he
had
embrac'd
,
and
was
so
firmly
establish'd
in
.
It
was
in
this
pleasant
Palace
of
Pau
,
and
amongst
the
magnificences
and
delights
,
that
place
then
abounded
in
,
that
the
Duke
had
first
the
honour
to
see
the
Lady
Catharine
,
the
King
of
Navarre's
only
Sister
,
since
Dutchess
of
Bar
;
in
whom
the
Duke's
Merit
,
who
was
then
in
the
flower
of
his
youth
,
and
the
meridian
of
his
favour
,
made
such
an
impression
,
that
she
began
from
that
time
to
honour
him
with
her
favour
,
which
she
continued
to
him
to
her
death
.
And
it
is
certain
that
the
King
her
Brother
(
who
perhaps
did
not
think
himself
so
near
that
height
of
fortune
,
to
which
he
soon
after
arriv'd
,
and
who
doubtless
would
have
been
glad
to
have
engag'd
the
Duke
absolutely
to
his
Interests
)
made
him
some
propositions
of
Marriage
with
this
Princess
;
but
the
condition
of
the
time
,
and
intervening
accidents
,
permitting
that
Treaty
to
pass
no
further
,
the
Duke
was
forc'd
to
content
himself
with
the
advantage
of
so
glorious
a
friendship
,
which
was
ever
after
dear
,
and
precious
to
him
,
the
whole
remainder
of
his
life
.
The
King
of
Navarre
to
multiply
still
more
entertainments
,
and
favours
upon
the
Duke
,
would
needs
have
him
yet
to
give
him
the
satisfaction
of
another
visit
at
Nerac
;
which
the
Duke
could
not
handsomely
deny
,
though
the
Kings
commands
were
something
pressing
for
his
return
to
Court
:
and
as
it
is
likely
the
King
of
Navarre
spun
out
the
time
,
that
he
might
more
maturely
deliberate
upon
an
Affair
of
so
great
importance
;
so
was
it
the
Duke's
interest
to
give
him
that
leisure
he
desired
,
if
possible
to
make
his
negotiation
succeed
according
to
the
King
his
Masters
desire
.
But
in
the
end
finding
he
could
not
overcome
those
traverses
,
and
difficulties
,
that
his
Majesties
enemies
still
strew'd
in
his
way
,
he
prepar'd
himself
for
his
departure
;
and
then
it
was
,
that
opening
the
last
,
and
most
secret
part
of
his
Commission
;
he
told
the
King
of
Navarre
,
That
though
he
had
denied
his
Majesty
the
satisfaction
he
desired
of
him
,
yet
that
the
King
nevertheless
considering
him
as
his
Kinsman
,
and
next
Heir
to
the
Crown
,
if
God
should
please
to
dispose
of
him
without
Issue
,
had
given
him
in
charge
to
let
him
know
,
that
he
would
be
well
pleas'd
,
he
should
use
his
best
endeauour
to
preserve
himself
in
a
condition
to
oppose
the
League
,
that
was
confederated
to
the
ruine
of
the
Royal
House
and
Line
.
That
since
they
could
not
unite
their
Arms
to
resist
their
common
Enemies
,
he
should
at
least
assure
himself
of
the
places
already
in
his
possession
;
which
his
Majesty
took
to
be
much
safer
,
and
much
more
at
his
devotion
in
his
hands
,
than
those
that
should
hereafter
be
possest
by
the
League
.
And
that
although
in
the
present
state
of
Affairs
he
could
not
openly
favour
his
designs
,
by
reason
of
their
difference
in
Religion
;
nor
avoid
being
instant
for
the
restitution
of
those
cautionary
places
,
that
had
been
granted
to
him
;
yet
that
he
should
nevertheless
be
very
well
satisfied
with
whatever
he
should
do
to
his
own
advantage
.
After
this
Declaration
,
which
was
receiv'd
by
the
King
of
Navarre
with
infinite
demonstrations
of
Obligation
and
Respect
,
the
Duke
took
post
for
the
Court
at
Lions
,
where
the
King
impatiently
expected
his
return
.
He
was
now
arriv'd
within
view
of
the
City
,
and
all
the
Court
were
mounted
to
honour
his
arrival
,
the
King
himself
having
much
ado
to
forbear
going
out
to
meet
him
;
when
a
strange
,
and
unexpected
Accident
was
like
to
have
turn'd
all
the
Honours
prepar'd
for
his
welcome
into
the
Funeral
Pomp
of
his
Obsequies
:
For
one
of
the
Gentlemen
,
who
came
out
to
meet
him
,
having
accidentally
intangled
the
Chape
of
his
Sword
in
the
Duke's
Bridle
,
the
Horse
took
such
a
fright
at
it
,
that
he
immediately
ran
away
with
his
Master
;
nor
could
the
Duke
stop
him
with
all
the
art
,
and
force
he
had
,
from
throwing
himself
,
and
his
Rider
headlong
into
a
dreadful
precipice
;
the
place
,
very
remarkable
by
the
greatness
of
the
fall
,
and
the
wonderful
escape
,
is
to
this
day
call'd
Espernons
Leap
;
neither
was
there
any
man
present
,
who
did
not
confidently
believe
the
Duke
certainly
bruis'd
to
pieces
:
an
opinion
so
firmly
grounded
in
every
one
,
that
the
report
of
his
Death
was
immediately
carried
to
Lions
,
which
made
as
many
several
impressions
in
mens
minds
,
as
their
inclinations
were
different
,
towards
him
.
But
the
King
was
afflicted
beyond
imagination
,
though
his
Majesty
was
not
long
in
that
error
:
For
some
of
the
company
,
having
immediately
descended
the
precipice
,
found
the
Horse
,
who
by
good
fortune
fell
plum
upon
his
feet
,
and
bore
the
whole
weight
of
the
fall
,
kill'd
stone
dead
;
but
the
Duke
miraculously
escap'd
,
with
only
a
slight
hurt
in
the
Shoulder
.
This
accident
set
all
the
Court
Wits
on
work
;
neither
was
there
any
,
who
did
not
write
something
upon
this
occasion
;
but
that
which
most
pleas'd
the
Duke
,
was
an
Emblem
,
that
was
presented
to
him
.
The
body
of
the
Emblem
was
a
figure
of
the
Duke
himself
,
hanging
upon
the
brow
of
a
precipice
;
so
as
that
he
seem'd
to
be
irrecoverably
falling
from
that
prodigious
height
;
when
Fortune
running
to
his
succour
,
withdrew
him
from
the
danger
,
with
this
Motto
in
Italian
,
the
first
words
thereof
expressing
his
name
,
Eper
non
lasciarti
mai
.
A
Motto
the
Duke
at
first
took
for
a
good
Omen
;
which
time
,
and
his
own
good
conduct
after
turn'd
into
a
kind
of
Prophesie
;
and
causing
it
to
be
grav'd
in
a
Cornelian
,
and
set
in
a
Ring
,
he
wore
it
many
years
upon
his
Finger
,
as
a
mark
of
his
gratitude
to
Fortune
,
or
rather
Providence
,
which
is
effectually
that
we
call
Fortune
;
to
which
he
ever
attributed
all
the
successes
of
his
life
,
rather
than
to
his
own
conduct
.
By
this
accident
the
Kings
affection
to
the
Duke
seem'd
to
be
augmented
,
The
League
makes
the
Duke
of
Esp●rnon's
Voyage
a
Pretense
to
stir
up
the
people
.
at
least
it
made
a
greater
shew
of
tenderness
,
than
in
former
occasions
,
his
Majesty
never
almost
departing
his
Chamber
during
the
time
he
was
constrain'd
to
keep
his
Bed
:
and
it
was
in
this
condition
that
he
gave
the
King
a
full
account
of
his
Journey
,
and
Negotiation
;
a
thing
that
furnish'd
the
League
with
a
sufficient
pretense
to
decry
the
Kings
actions
;
neither
did
the
Chiefs
of
that
Faction
fail
to
cause
it
proclaim'd
in
the
Pulpits
(
as
it
is
usual
to
make
Holy
Places
and
Religious
men
the
Scenes
,
and
Instruments
to
blemish
the
Actions
of
Princes
)
that
his
Majesty
was
strictly
united
with
Hereticks
:
and
that
this
slander
might
the
better
be
believ'd
,
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
Voyage
(
whom
they
endeavour'd
to
render
odious
to
the
people
,
by
calling
him
the
Abetter
of
that
Party
)
was
first
brought
upon
the
stage
;
they
publish'd
that
Negotiation
to
be
a
conspiracy
against
the
Catholick
Religion
,
which
was
no
way
to
be
oppos'd
,
but
with
their
Swords
in
their
hands
:
So
that
this
was
the
first
Pretense
they
made
use
of
,
to
colour
their
Rebellion
.
But
before
they
would
proceed
to
the
effects
of
so
violent
a
Rupture
,
The
Duke
of
Guise
attempts
to
win
the
Duke
of
Espernon
to
his
side
by
giving
him
his
Daughter
.
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
who
would
have
been
glad
to
have
won
the
Duke
of
Espernon
to
his
Party
,
by
that
means
to
remove
those
Obstacles
which
the
Dukes
Vigour
and
Fidelity
ever
had
,
and
were
still
likely
to
oppose
to
his
Designs
,
caus'd
him
to
be
treated
with
about
a
match
with
his
Daughter
,
since
Princess
of
Conty
:
a
Princess
that
for
the
beauty
of
her
person
,
the
vigour
of
her
mind
,
and
many
other
endowments
,
and
excellent
qualities
,
had
few
rivals
in
the
Kingdom
;
neither
was
the
Duke
of
Espernon
so
blind
,
as
not
to
see
the
honour
he
should
receive
by
this
alliance
,
had
it
been
propos'd
in
a
more
quiet
time
;
or
had
the
Duke
her
Father
been
upon
better
terms
with
the
King
:
but
knowing
he
must
by
such
a
match
abandon
his
duty
,
or
at
least
be
oblig'd
to
favour
designs
he
could
by
no
means
approve
,
the
last
consideration
so
absolutely
prevail'd
above
the
other
,
that
he
scarce
deliberated
upon
a
thing
that
was
likely
to
stagger
his
fidelity
;
and
how
dangerous
soever
it
were
to
declare
himself
an
open
enemy
to
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
which
he
must
of
necessity
do
by
refusing
his
alliance
;
he
rather
chose
to
run
that
hazard
,
than
to
faulter
in
the
least
in
the
duty
he
ow'd
to
his
Prince
and
Benefactor
.
It
is
hard
to
judge
,
what
passions
of
grief
,
and
despite
,
the
Duke
of
Guise
was
possest
withal
,
to
see
his
designs
so
frustrated
,
and
his
offer
so
despis'd
by
this
refusal
,
which
was
in
it self
no
light
offense
;
neither
did
he
afterwards
meditate
any
thing
more
,
than
his
revenge
;
and
how
to
destroy
him
he
could
neither
by
civilities
,
nor
by
threats
acquire
unto
him
:
but
his
fury
was
rais'd
to
the
height
by
a
new
Honour
the
Duke
and
conferr'd
upon
him
:
which
was
the
second
Pretense
the
League
took
hold
of
to
justifie
their
proceedings
.
The
second
pretense
of
the
League
.
The
King
had
some
time
before
this
bought
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
out
of
his
charge
of
Admiral
of
France
,
which
the
Duke
had
the
rather
laid
down
in
favour
of
the
Duke
of
Ioyeuse
;
and
his
Majesty
desirous
to
conferre
upon
the
Duke
of
Espernon
also
some
Office
of
the
Crown
(
to
continue
the
same
equality
he
had
ever
observ'd
in
their
Fortunes
)
propos'd
to
the
Duke
of
Guise
a
very
advantageous
recompense
in
lieu
of
his
Office
of
Grand-Maistre
to
the
Kings
Houshold
;
and
it
seem'd
probable
he
would
follow
the
example
of
his
Brother
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
,
who
doubtless
had
not
quitted
so
important
a
charge
without
his
elder
Brother's
advice
:
but
the
Duke
of
Guise
notwithstanding
would
never
comply
with
his
Majesties
desire
;
and
though
the
King
would
never
permit
him
to
exercise
any
function
of
his
charge
,
thereby
to
make
him
weary
of
it
;
yet
was
he
still
more
obstinately
bent
to
keep
it
,
nor
would
ever
consent
(
as
he
said
)
That
his
Enemy
should
possess
any
of
those
charges
he
had
exerciz'd
,
and
been
invested
withal
.
The
King
seeing
him
so
obstinate
,
and
perhaps
not
more
solicitous
to
advance
the
Fortune
of
his
Favourite
,
than
willing
to
spite
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
resolv'd
with
himself
to
erect
,
purposely
for
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
an
Office
,
so
honourable
,
and
so
great
,
as
should
by
its
authority
and
power
infinitely
surpass
all
other
the
highest
,
and
most
important
employments
both
of
the
State
and
Crown
:
The
Office
of
Colonel
General
of
France
erected
.
and
this
was
that
of
Colonel
General
of
France
;
an
Office
formerly
divided
into
two
,
on
this
side
,
and
on
that
side
the
Mountains
,
of
which
Andelot
had
possest
the
one
,
and
Strozzi
the
other
;
and
after
Andelot's
death
they
were
united
in
Strozzi
,
who
remain'd
sole
Colonel
.
After
Strozzi's
decease
,
the
King
having
by
an
Edict
re-united
these
two
Offices
into
one
,
made
it
an
Office
of
the
Crown
,
under
the
Title
of
Colonel
General
of
France
,
caus'd
that
Edict
to
be
ratified
in
Parliament
,
attributing
to
it
the
absolute
power
to
name
in
general
Officers
for
all
the
vacant
places
in
the
French
Militia
,
without
so
much
as
excepting
from
this
nomination
,
that
of
Camp-Master
to
the
Regiment
of
Guards
:
He
establish'd
for
the
Colonel
a
Sovereign
Court
of
Justice
,
or
Council
of
War
,
to
determine
of
the
Lives
and
Honours
of
Military
men
,
without
calling
any
other
to
it
,
than
his
own
Officers
;
adding
to
it
besides
several
Graunts
,
Priviledges
,
and
Pensions
,
and
finally
(
to
sum
up
all
his
bounty
)
his
Majesty
delivering
the
Commission
into
the
Dukes
hands
,
told
him
,
that
nothing
troubled
him
,
but
that
he
knew
not
how
to
invest
him
into
a
more
absolute
Authority
,
and
that
he
could
not
adde
a
part
of
the
Royal
Dignity
to
his
charge
.
And
it
is
certain
,
that
in
giving
the
Duke
the
Governments
of
Metz
,
Toul
,
and
Verdun
,
his
Majesty
would
have
given
them
in
Sovereignty
,
and
have
demis'd
to
him
the
Title
of
the
Crown
:
but
the
Duke
displeas'd
with
this
proposition
,
as
an
injury
offer'd
to
his
Obedience
and
Loyalty
,
complain'd
to
the
King
,
that
his
Majesty
,
honouring
him
with
so
noble
an
employment
,
should
go
about
to
deprive
him
of
the
dearest
Relation
he
had
,
which
was
that
of
his
Majesties
most
humble
,
and
obedient
Subject
,
an
honour
that
in
his
soul
he
preferr'd
before
all
titles
of
Sovereignty
,
and
all
the
advantages
of
Fortune
his
Majesty
could
prefer
him
to
;
and
thereupon
receiv'd
both
the
Governments
,
and
the
charge
of
Colonel
General
,
under
the
Kings
Authority
.
From
this
new
advancement
the
League
,
as
I
have
said
before
,
deriv'd
their
second
pretense
for
the
taking
of
Arms
;
they
look'd
upon
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
new
Honour
,
as
an
offence
to
their
whole
Party
;
and
the
Duke
of
Guise
took
it
for
a
particular
injury
to
himself
,
and
thereupon
openly
publish'd
.
That
there
were
now
no
more
Employments
,
The
Duke
of
Guise's
complaints
.
Riches
,
or
Honours
,
save
only
for
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
and
la
Valette
his
Brother
.
That
the
State
was
only
impoverish'd
by
profusions
made
in
their
favour
.
That
they
were
the
true
causes
of
the
peoples
oppression
.
That
the
Treasure
,
set
apart
for
the
extirpation
of
Heresie
,
was
by
them
perverted
to
their
own
uses
,
and
particular
profit
.
That
the
greatest
Dignities
,
the
most
important
Places
,
and
Governments
of
greatest
concern
,
were
too
many
advantages
for
their
ambition
.
That
whilst
the
Kings
good
Servants
were
neglected
,
and
kept
under
,
there
were
new
Offices
,
with
unheard
of
Priviledges
,
contriv'd
,
and
erected
for
them
.
That
if
the
power
they
had
over
the
King
were
longer
suffer'd
,
they
would
equally
ruine
the
State
,
and
Religion
.
That
the
Duke
of
Espernon
was
therefore
to
be
remov'd
from
Court
,
if
men
desir'd
to
see
an
end
of
publick
Miseries
.
That
his
Majesty
being
deliver'd
from
his
Counsels
,
which
were
equally
violent
,
and
interessed
,
would
doubtless
for
the
future
be
more
favourable
to
his
good
Subjects
,
and
better
inclin'd
to
the
Catholick
Cause
.
At
the
same
time
a
Manifesto
was
publish'd
by
the
Cardinal
of
Bourbon
,
who
was
the
declared
Head
of
that
Faction
,
containing
principally
the
foregoing
complaints
,
and
immediately
after
follow'd
the
rising
into
Arms.
The
League
takes
up
Arms.
The
first
design
of
the
League
was
upon
Metz
,
as
if
they
meant
to
strike
at
the
heart
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
Fortune
;
a
place
so
considerable
,
that
the
Duke
had
reason
to
look
upon
it
,
as
the
surest
foundation
of
his
greatness
:
neither
did
he
in
his
latter
years
condescend
to
any
thing
with
more
unwillingness
,
and
reluctancy
,
than
to
the
surrender
of
that
place
,
that
proposition
seeming
to
him
,
as
though
men
were
bent
to
the
total
ruine
of
his
House
;
nor
could
he
ever
have
been
perswaded
to
have
stript
himself
of
such
a
defense
,
upon
a
less
consideration
,
than
the
investiture
of
his
Son
the
Cardinal
of
la
Valette
into
that
Government
;
who
being
younger
by
forty
years
,
than
himself
,
he
might
reasonably
hope
,
it
would
continue
in
his
Family
at
least
during
his
life
:
but
God
was
pleased
to
dispose
it
otherwise
.
To
make
a
right
judgment
of
the
importance
of
this
place
,
it
will
be
necessary
to
consider
its
Site
,
and
condition
;
and
the
share
it
has
ever
had
in
the
Duke's
Fortune
does
indeed
require
it
should
be
something
insisted
upon
.
The
description
of
the
City
of
Metz
,
and
i●s
importance
.
Metz
then
is
a
City
something
bigger
than
Burdeaux
,
or
Orleans
;
that
is
to
say
,
one
of
the
greatest
,
and
the
fairest
in
the
Kingdom
,
full
of
Inhabitants
,
and
those
a
rich
and
industrious
people
;
to
whom
the
neighbourhood
of
Germany
gives
great
facility
,
to
an
advantageous
Commerce
.
She
was
in
former
times
thought
beautiful
enough
to
be
the
Metropolis
of
Austrasia
,
once
the
Inheritance
of
one
of
our
Kings
:
but
when
the
Empire
of
Germany
began
to
decline
,
and
that
the
Princes
who
were
Subject
to
it
began
to
withdraw
themselves
from
their
obedience
(
every
one
being
ambitious
to
be
Sovereign
in
his
own
Dominions
)
many
Cities
,
which
were
also
in
the
same
subjection
,
allur'd
by
the
tempting
sound
of
Liberty
,
follow'd
the
same
example
.
Of
these
Metz
was
one
,
who
for
many
years
took
leave
to
govern
her self
by
her
own
Laws
,
annually
creating
Sovereign
Magistrates
,
disposing
absolutely
of
the
Lives
and
Estates
of
her
Subjects
,
Coyning
Money
,
and
in
all
things
taking
upon
her
the
Authority
of
a
Sovereign
Jurisdiction
;
in
which
condition
she
maintain'd
her self
,
till
the
Year
1552.
that
the
Constable
Montmorency
,
passing
with
the
King's
Army
that
way
,
totally
freed
her
from
all
kind
of
Homage
to
the
Empire
,
and
settled
it
under
the
Protection
of
the
Crown
of
France
.
'T
is
true
that
King
Henry
the
Second
,
in
whose
Reign
this
Conquest
was
made
,
continued
to
this
City
her
ancient
priviledges
;
but
withal
to
assure
himself
of
his
possession
,
he
did
exceedingly
fortifie
it
,
establishing
a
Governour
of
his
own
,
and
causing
a
Citadel
to
be
built
,
which
was
mightily
cryed
up
,
for
one
of
the
best
,
and
most
exact
of
that
time
:
but
this
was
before
Sieges
were
turn'd
into
a
Science
,
and
that
the
industry
of
man
had
left
little
to
Fortune
,
in
this
kind
of
War
.
It
does
not
now
carry
that
Reputation
;
and
in
this
condition
it
was
when
the
Duke
entred
upon
his
Government
,
only
with
this
difference
,
that
what
it
s
own
Laws
had
formerly
perform'd
by
their
own
Virtue
,
during
its
independency
,
was
now
executed
by
his
order
,
under
the
Authority
of
the
Royal
Name
,
the
Duke
(
as
I
have
said
before
)
absolutely
refusing
to
accept
it
upon
other
terms
.
He
annually
appointed
,
and
created
the
Supreme
Magistrate
,
whom
they
call
[
](A42794-e19130-b)*
*
〈…〉
Sheriff
.
Maistre
Eschevin
,
and
appointed
him
his
Council
,
and
Judges
,
who
were
to
determine
in
Sovereignty
,
upon
the
Lives
,
Honours
,
and
Estates
of
all
the
Inhabitants
:
but
withal
the
Duke
had
Authority
upon
occasion
to
censure
them
,
had
power
to
remove
them
from
their
Magistracy
within
their
year
,
if
he
saw
cause
;
or
to
continue
them
beyond
their
term
,
if
he
thought
fit
.
It
is
then
no
wonder
if
he
were
infinitely
respected
in
a
place
,
where
all
things
so
absolutely
depended
upon
him
:
but
that
which
was
indeed
very
rare
,
and
very
commendable
,
was
,
that
in
so
unlimited
a
power
,
and
in
the
course
of
above
threescore
years
,
that
this
City
continued
in
his
Custody
,
he
behav'd
himself
with
that
Justice
,
and
Moderation
,
that
not
so
much
as
any
one
Citizen
ever
complain'd
of
his
administration
;
neither
is
there
any
now
living
,
that
do
not
yet
remember
,
with
a
kind
of
delight
,
the
indulgence
,
and
sweetness
of
his
Government
.
Whilst
the
Duke
stood
seiz'd
of
a
place
of
this
consequence
,
and
so
dispos'd
to
his
service
,
it
was
no
easie
matter
to
cut
him
off
;
such
a
retirement
being
a
sufficient
refuge
from
all
sudden
danger
:
neither
(
the
Town
being
intrusted
in
the
hands
of
valiant
,
and
faithful
friends
)
had
it
been
convenient
(
even
when
he
was
most
remote
from
it
)
to
provoke
him
;
lest
a
place
of
that
importance
,
should
have
taken
part
in
his
disgrace
,
and
follow'd
the
humour
of
his
discontents
.
It
was
therefore
by
the
taking
of
this
Town
,
that
the
League
would
begin
to
labour
the
Duke's
ruine
,
and
in
that
the
advancement
of
their
own
Affairs
.
The
most
considerable
Forces
,
the
League
had
then
on
foot
,
were
those
of
the
Duke
of
Lorain
;
a
Prince
who
having
till
this
time
contain'd
himself
Neuter
in
all
the
Affairs
of
France
,
upon
this
occasion
thought
fit
,
it
seems
,
to
declare
himself
partial
to
his
Family
,
in
hopes
nevertheless
to
joyn
Metz
,
Toul
,
and
Verdun
to
his
own
Dukedom
:
neither
was
his
design
unlikely
to
succeed
;
for
the
two
last
having
made
no
great
difficulty
of
receiving
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
he
had
reason
(
considering
the
intelligence
he
had
in
the
City
)
to
expect
the
same
from
Metz
,
had
not
the
Duke
of
Espernon
by
his
vigilancy
prevented
him
,
seasonably
re-inforcing
the
Garrison
,
with
divers
Gentlemen
his
particular
Servants
,
and
a
good
number
of
Souldiers
;
by
whose
coming
it
was
so
well
secur'd
,
that
the
League
thought
it
not
fit
to
attempt
it
.
This
great
storm
,
thus
blown
over
,
the
Duke
,
alarm'd
by
the
late
hazard
this
City
had
run
,
resolv'd
to
establish
himself
in
that
important
possession
,
so
as
that
for
the
future
it
might
be
secur'd
from
the
like
danger
;
and
to
that
purpose
some
of
his
friends
having
rendred
the
Governour
suspected
to
him
by
some
carriage
of
his
at
such
time
as
the
Army
of
the
League
were
approaching
towards
him
,
though
the
grounds
of
this
mistrust
were
not
in
the
Dukes
opinion
clear
enough
to
countenance
an
open
rupture
with
him
;
yet
were
they
sufficient
to
make
the
Duke
remove
him
from
that
trust
,
and
to
call
him
about
his
own
person
,
instituting
Sobole
,
who
before
was
only
Lieutenant
of
the
Cittadel
,
in
the
absolute
authority
both
of
the
City
,
Cittadel
,
and
Messin
Countrey
;
adding
withal
ten
thousand
Crowns
in
Gold
to
mend
his
Equipage
,
that
he
might
with
the
more
honour
support
the
honourable
charge
he
had
seated
him
in
;
a
bounty
we
shall
hereafter
see
how
Sobol●
requited
:
but
that
being
the
business
of
another
time
,
I
shall
refer
it
to
another
place
,
and
pursue
my
former
Subject
.
The
Leaguers
not
contenting
themselves
with
those
petty
successes
in
Lorain
,
The
Progress
of
the
League
.
and
being
made
wise
and
active
,
by
the
example
of
the
Kings
ruinous
supineness
,
who
sate
still
,
in
vain
expecting
the
arrival
of
his
Foreign
Forces
,
almost
at
the
same
time
by
the
several
Captains
they
had
dispos'd
into
divers
Provinces
,
surpriz'd
a
great
many
of
the
chief
Cities
of
the
Kingdom
,
and
made
no
light
attempts
upon
the
rest
.
The
Duke
of
Guise
after
the
taking
of
●oul
,
and
Verdun
,
(
which
I
have
spoke
of
before
)
possest
himself
yet
of
Meziere
,
by
which
he
assur'd
to
himself
the
whole
Countrey
of
Champagne
:
The
Duke
of
Mayenne
took
the
City
,
and
Castle
of
Dijon
,
which
made
him
Master
of
the
D●tchy
of
Burgundy
:
la
Chartre
seiz'd
of
Bourges
,
Entragues
of
Orleans
;
the
Count
de
Brisac
of
Angiers
,
and
many
other
Cities
of
that
Province
.
Vaillack
had
hop'd
to
have
done
as
much
by
Bordeaux
,
by
the
neighbourhood
of
Chasteau-Trompette
,
of
which
he
was
Governour
:
but
the
Mareschal
de
Matignon
broke
his
design
,
and
Mars●lles
,
by
the
Loyalty
of
her
good
Inhabitants
,
maintain'd
it self
against
the
Faction
of
some
who
labour'd
to
betray
it
into
the
power
of
the
League
:
but
the
enterprize
of
the
Cittadel
of
Lions
succeeded
better
with
Mandelot
,
who
was
Governour
of
the
City
,
and
one
of
the
Duke
of
Guise's
firmest
Adherents
;
who
having
been
formerly
awed
into
his
duty
by
the
Cittadel
,
in
which
le
Passage
had
been
plac'd
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
to
preserve
a
City
so
important
to
his
Majesties
Service
;
he
who
before-hand
had
been
made
privy
to
the
Duke
of
Guise's
Designs
,
as
soon
as
ever
he
heard
they
were
in
Arms
,
failed
not
suddenly
to
begirt
the
Cittadel
;
and
being
assisted
by
the
people
(
who
naturally
hate
to
be
bridled
by
a
Fortress
)
having
surpriz'd
le
Passage
,
who
little
suspected
any
such
thing
,
made
himself
Master
of
the
place
,
and
immediately
raz'd
it
to
the
ground
.
It
was
upon
this
occasion
that
the
ill
will
which
had
so
long
been
conceal'd
;
yet
had
continually
been
fostering
in
the
Bosoms
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
and
Mounsieur
de
Villeroy
,
broke
out
;
from
which
quarrel
,
in
the
succession
of
time
,
sprung
so
many
,
and
so
important
consequences
,
The
Rupture
betwixt
the
Duke
of
Espernon
and
Villeroy
.
as
do
not
only
take
up
a
large
share
of
the
Dukes
Life
,
but
also
make
up
a
considerable
part
in
the
general
History
of
that
time
;
which
obliges
me
in
this
place
to
discourse
,
both
what
I
have
receiv'd
from
the
Dukes
own
mouth
,
and
what
I
have
gather'd
from
the
Commentaries
of
Mounsieur
de
Villeroy
himself
.
Mounsieur
de
Villeroy
had
been
from
the
Dukes
infancy
Secretary
,
and
Minister
of
State
;
a
friend
to
Mounsieur
de
la
Valette
the
Father
,
and
a
man
of
great
Credit
,
and
Interest
,
in
the
King's
Council
;
he
had
seen
the
beginning
,
and
encrease
of
the
Dukes
Favour
,
at
which
he
ought
not
in
reason
to
repine
:
but
on
the
contrary
had
cause
to
believe
,
that
such
a
friend
as
he
,
would
fortifie
him
with
the
King
,
and
be
no
little
assisting
to
support
that
Trust
he
already
possest
in
the
management
of
Affairs
.
And
in
effect
the
Duke
had
a
true
affection
,
and
esteem
for
him
,
who
as
he
was
ever
very
respective
,
and
constantly
fix'd
to
all
his
Fathers
Interests
(
whose
memory
he
had
in
the
greatest
veneration
)
it
is
certain
had
a
particular
consideration
for
all
his
Friends
;
of
which
number
Mounsieur
Villeroy
being
one
,
the
first
years
of
the
Duke's
Favour
were
past
over
in
a
strict
correspondency
with
him
:
but
at
last
Villeroy
perceiving
the
Dukes
Credit
proceeded
so
far
,
as
wholly
to
possess
that
interest
in
the
Kings
Bosom
he
pretended
to
share
,
he
began
in
the
end
to
grow
jealous
of
a
Prosperity
,
he
ought
so
much
the
more
to
have
cherish'd
,
by
how
much
it
was
likely
to
be
more
useful
to
him
;
and
thenceforward
began
openly
to
thwart
all
his
opinions
in
Council
,
rais'd
up
a
party
against
him
,
to
lessen
his
Reputation
there
:
and
the
Queen
Mother
nettled
to
see
her
Authority
weakned
with
the
King
,
by
the
great
power
the
Duke
had
with
him
;
desiring
nothing
more
,
than
to
have
him
remov'd
,
that
she
might
recover
her
former
possession
,
could
find
no
one
so
ready
as
Mounsieur
de
Villeroy
to
second
her
Passion
,
and
the
animosity
she
had
conceiv'd
against
him
.
They
joyntly
advis'd
that
it
was
necessary
to
sacrifice
the
Duke
to
the
malice
of
the
League
;
and
that
the
King
ought
to
abandon
him
for
the
general
satisfaction
;
a
Counsel
that
had
been
voluntarily
follow'd
by
the
Duke
himself
:
and
I
have
heard
him
say
,
he
would
as
willingly
have
retir'd
then
from
Court
,
as
he
did
not
long
after
,
could
he
have
obtain'd
the
Kings
permission
:
but
his
Majesty
very
well
perceiving
that
his
Favourite
was
only
a
pretense
the
League
made
use
of
to
cover
their
own
ambition
,
that
it
was
the
Royal
Authority
they
aim'd
at
,
and
that
their
design
was
only
to
remove
so
good
a
Servant
,
with
less
difficulty
to
make
themselves
Maisters
of
Affairs
;
the
more
obstinately
they
insisted
upon
that
Article
,
the
more
resolute
his
Majesty
was
to
protect
him
.
The
Duke
very
well
inform'd
that
Villeroy
was
one
of
those
,
who
contributed
most
to
his
Persecution
,
and
seeing
how
publickly
he
profess'd
to
desire
his
ruine
,
resented
it
with
an
Animosity
proportionable
to
the
Injury
receiv'd
;
which
was
the
more
violent
,
by
how
much
the
offense
came
from
a
person
he
had
never
done
any
ill
Office
to
,
and
whom
he
had
ever
made
it
his
business
to
oblige
.
They
were
in
this
posture
of
unkindness
,
on
the
one
side
,
and
the
other
,
when
happned
the
taking
of
the
Cittadel
of
Lions
;
before
which
time
it
was
thought
,
Villeroy
had
secretly
treated
of
a
Marriage
betwixt
Alincourt
his
Son
,
and
Mandelot's
only
Daughter
;
not
having
dar'd
publickly
to
do
it
by
reason
of
the
intelligence
Mandelot
held
with
those
of
the
League
:
but
having
upon
this
occasion
taken
up
Mandelot's
Interests
against
le
Passage
;
that
is
to
say
,
against
the
Duke
himself
,
le
Passage
being
his
creature
,
he
offer'd
to
undertake
for
Mandelot's
fidelity
to
the
King
,
provided
his
Majesty
would
please
to
consent
to
the
Marriage
propos'd
,
and
settle
upon
Alincourt
the
Government
of
Lions
in
reversion
,
in
favour
of
the
match
;
which
the
King
,
being
reduc'd
to
the
necessity
of
taking
all
men
for
friends
,
who
were
not
actually
otherwise
,
was
forc'd
to
allow
of
,
and
to
ratifie
what
he
could
not
well
impeach
;
by
that
means
trying
to
draw
Mandelot
over
to
him
:
but
the
Duke
exasperated
to
the
last
degree
could
no
longer
smother
his
passion
,
nor
dissemble
his
animosity
against
Villeroy
;
but
spoke
freely
,
and
aloud
to
his
disadvantage
,
and
of
the
Correspondence
he
held
with
the
League
,
which
was
the
first
effect
of
their
open
,
and
declared
Hatred
.
The
end
of
the
first
Book
.
THE
HISTORY
Of
the
LIFE
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
The
Second
Book
.
AFter
the
Surrender
,
or
rather
the
Revolt
,
of
the
many
places
already
mentioned
,
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
conceiving
it
necessary
to
press
nearer
the
King
,
the
sooner
,
and
with
less
difficulty
to
obtain
his
ends
,
order'd
the
General
Rendezvous
of
his
Army
to
be
at
Chalons
.
Which
place
he
made
choice
of
for
two
Reasons
;
first
,
because
by
the
nearness
of
it
to
Paris
,
The
Duke
of
Guise
approaches
with
his
Army
near
Paris
.
(
being
but
three
little
days
Journey
from
thence
)
his
presence
would
be
apt
to
fortifie
the
Citizens
in
their
Devotion
to
him
,
and
secondly
,
the
number
of
his
Confederates
being
so
great
,
and
some
of
them
of
so
great
Authority
in
the
City
,
he
could
by
their
means
continually
infuse
into
the
people
such
dispositions
,
as
might
best
serve
his
purpose
:
hoping
by
this
means
,
either
to
incline
the
King
,
to
satisfie
all
his
demands
;
or
at
least
to
be
able
to
raise
such
mutiny
and
confusion
in
the
City
,
as
might
give
him
opportunity
,
at
one
time
,
or
another
,
to
effect
that
by
fine
Force
,
he
could
not
obtain
by
the
more
moderate
ways
of
Addresses
,
and
Treaty
.
Then
it
was
that
his
Majesty
perceiv'd
the
manifest
peril
his
Person
,
and
his
Affairs
were
in
,
and
then
would
he
take
up
Arms
for
his
own
defense
;
which
he
had
no
sooner
resolv'd
,
but
that
at
the
same
time
he
saw
it
was
too
late
,
and
impossible
to
be
done
.
The
Reiters
which
he
had
rais'd
in
Germany
could
not
come
to
him
,
(
the
Duke
of
Lorain
having
deny'd
them
a
passage
through
his
Countrey
)
and
all
the
Forces
within
the
Kingdom
were
either
engag'd
with
the
League
,
or
with
the
King
of
Navarre
;
so
that
the
King
was
left
utterly
naked
of
all
defense
,
save
of
those
few
Servants
he
had
about
his
own
person
:
Nay
even
those
who
,
in
the
beginning
of
these
troubles
,
would
with
all
their
hearts
have
assisted
him
to
punish
to
Duke
,
whilst
meerly
in
the
condition
of
a
Rebel
,
durst
not
,
now
he
was
grown
to
that
formidable
height
,
and
become
the
head
of
a
strong
Party
,
attempt
to
succour
a
weak
,
and
disfurnish'd
Prince
,
against
an
armed
and
prevailing
Subject
.
The
thoughts
of
War
then
being
altogether
fruitless
,
and
impossible
in
the
posture
the
King
then
was
,
he
must
of
necessity
have
recourse
to
the
Treaties
of
Peace
;
to
which
resolution
he
was
further
necessitated
by
the
King
of
Navarre's
breaking
into
Arms
,
at
the
same
time
,
which
I
should
not
however
have
mention'd
for
a
second
Motive
his
Majesty
had
to
satisfie
the
League
,
had
this
Prince
pretended
no
further
,
than
simply
to
defend
his
own
Fortune
with
those
Forces
he
had
already
had
in
France
;
for
then
his
designs
might
have
been
favourable
to
the
King
,
and
either
have
kept
the
Army
of
the
League
wholly
imploy'd
;
or
at
least
have
diverted
their
designs
:
but
he
fearing
at
once
to
be
opprest
by
the
Union
of
two
Catholick
Armies
,
had
recourse
to
strangers
for
aid
.
The
King
knew
he
had
treated
with
the
Queen
of
England
,
and
with
the
States
of
Holland
,
who
both
of
them
assisted
him
with
Men
,
and
Money
,
and
that
all
the
Protestant
Princes
of
Germany
,
made
extraordinary
Provision
to
send
him
a
powerful
succour
;
so
that
he
now
evidently
saw
,
he
must
in
good
earnest
close
with
the
League
,
and
joyn
with
one
of
the
Factions
,
to
preserve
himself
from
being
a
Prey
to
both
.
The
Queen
Mother
had
for
many
years
been
employ'd
Mediatrix
in
all
the
accomodations
of
Peace
that
had
been
concluded
in
France
;
The
Queen
Mother
sent
to
Treat
of
a
Peace
.
and
it
was
commonly
believed
,
she
was
not
then
altogether
without
such
an
Interest
in
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
as
might
have
establish'd
this
to
the
Kings
satisfaction
:
I
never
heard
the
Duke
of
Espernon
say
she
was
partial
to
that
Faction
;
and
though
he
receiv'd
several
ill
Offices
from
her
in
his
declining
Favour
,
he
notwithstanding
ever
retain'd
a
constant
Respect
for
so
great
a
Princess
,
who
was
his
Masters
Mother
,
and
ever
defended
her
Honour
against
all
the
calumnies
of
the
time
.
'T
is
true
he
thought
she
was
not
altogether
displeas'd
that
there
should
ever
be
a
party
on
foot
in
France
,
such
as
might
oblige
the
King
her
Son
to
make
use
of
her
Counsels
and
Mediation
;
her
great
,
and
ambitious
spirit
ill
digesting
the
calms
of
peace
;
and
worse
enduring
to
be
depriv'd
of
an
employment
;
in
which
she
had
ever
been
as
successful
as
necessary
.
Her
therefore
the
King
passionately
entreated
to
labour
an
Accommodation
with
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
an
Office
she
as
chearfully
undertook
,
and
two
dayes
after
began
her
Journey
towards
Espernay
,
where
she
had
appointed
the
Duke
to
meet
,
and
whither
he
accordingly
came
,
together
with
the
Cardinal
of
Bourbon
.
In
the
first
overtures
she
found
a
spirit
puft
up
with
success
,
and
wholly
averse
to
Peace
:
but
when
he
had
more
deliberately
consider'd
,
that
it
was
not
yet
time
to
weaken
the
King's
Authority
(
which
he
thought
was
absolutely
at
his
mercy
)
that
there
would
afterwards
remain
the
King
of
Navarre
a
powerful
,
active
,
and
diligent
Enemy
,
back'd
with
great
Forces
within
,
and
ready
to
receive
greater
from
without
the
Kingdom
;
he
conceiv'd
it
requisite
to
subdue
him
first
,
that
he
might
afterwards
dispose
of
the
Kings
Affairs
with
less
opposition
:
so
that
he
altogether
fell
from
the
extravagancy
of
his
first
demands
,
and
only
insisted
vpon
the
suppression
of
the
King
of
Navarre
,
which
he
call'd
the
extirpation
of
Heresie
;
though
it
was
in
effect
in
order
only
to
the
establishment
of
his
own
Power
.
The
King
had
so
openly
declared
himself
an
Enemy
(
as
effectively
he
was
)
to
this
new
Religion
;
and
it
so
much
imported
him
to
clear
himself
to
his
Subjects
from
those
aspersions
the
League
had
cast
upon
him
,
that
he
was
now
necessitated
to
declare
against
the
King
of
Navarre
in
the
most
severe
Form
,
the
League
could
themselves
invent
;
yet
was
it
not
without
the
greatest
reluctancy
imaginable
,
that
his
Majesty
was
constrain'd
to
that
extremity
against
a
Prince
,
whom
(
as
has
been
said
before
)
it
was
not
his
interest
wholly
to
suppress
:
but
having
lost
the
opportunity
he
once
had
,
whilst
they
were
weak
,
and
inconsiderable
,
of
chastising
the
Heads
of
the
League
,
he
saw
himself
now
necessitated
to
grant
them
that
,
he
could
no
longer
,
without
apparent
Ruine
,
refuse
.
His
Wisdom
then
prompting
him
to
submit
to
the
necessity
of
Affairs
,
he
made
a
show
of
complying
in
all
things
with
their
desires
;
and
that
he
might
with
less
difficulty
encline
the
Duke
of
Espernon
to
consent
to
a
resolution
he
had
ever
before
been
so
much
against
,
he
privately
told
him
,
That
he
did
not
consent
to
those
things
that
were
exacted
from
him
without
very
great
Aversion
,
but
that
he
hop'd
to
reap
from
thence
a
signal
effect
,
and
a
very
great
advantage
to
his
Affairs
;
that
the
Party
of
the
League
was
now
too
strong
to
be
supprest
by
force
:
that
they
had
brought
their
Armies
to
the
G●tes
of
Paris
,
and
that
Paris
it self
was
corrupted
in
their
Favour
:
That
he
very
well
saw
the
time
to
chastise
them
was
now
past
,
and
that
he
now
knew
(
but
too
late
)
what
he
had
lost
in
letting
the
occasion
slip
,
wherein
they
might
have
been
punish'd
,
when
he
had
advis'd
him
to
it
;
but
that
such
an
opportunity
would
certainly
return
again
,
and
that
then
his
evil
Counsellors
should
never
disswade
him
from
making
better
use
of
his
time
:
That
in
the
mean
time
it
was
necessary
to
dissemble
,
that
they
might
the
better
look
into
their
Enemies
Interests
,
to
discover
their
weakness
,
and
to
make
use
of
that
discovery
to
their
ruine
:
That
there
was
no
Party
so
strong
that
was
not
defective
somewhere
:
That
it
was
necessary
to
discover
where
that
defect
lay
,
and
that
it
was
impossible
to
make
that
discovery
,
without
engaging
with
,
and
being
interested
in
the
cause
they
meant
to
overthrow
:
That
being
Head
of
the
League
,
as
they
would
have
him
declare
himself
to
be
,
he
should
be
able
to
strew
such
difficulties
in
the
way
of
their
Designs
,
as
that
they
would
find
themselues
perplex'd
in
every
enterprize
they
should
undertake
.
Though
the
Duke
of
Espernon
had
much
rather
his
Majesty
would
have
defended
his
Honour
,
and
trampled
Authority
,
by
the
Arms
of
those
few
good
Catholick
Servants
he
had
,
and
to
have
joyn'd
with
the
King
of
Navarre
(
with
whom
he
did
not
think
an
accommodation
impossible
)
and
with
such
Foreign
Forces
,
as
were
affectionate
to
the
Crown
;
yet
seeing
it
was
now
expedient
to
submit
to
the
necessity
of
the
time
,
he
humbly
acquiesc'd
in
the
good
Pleasure
of
the
King
his
Master
.
In
this
posture
of
Affairs
the
King
writ
to
the
Queen
his
Mother
,
that
she
might
conclude
the
Treaty
upon
such
Conditions
,
as
she
thought
fit
;
and
,
for
a
further
testimony
of
his
Candour
,
and
sincere
intention
herein
,
sent
the
dispatch
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
whom
all
the
world
knew
to
have
the
greatest
power
with
him
,
and
the
greatest
Antipathy
for
the
League
;
to
the
end
that
the
Lords
of
Guise
might
not
in
the
least
doubt
the
observance
of
a
Treaty
,
that
was
ratifi'd
on
his
part
,
by
a
person
who
liv'd
in
so
eminent
a
degree
of
favour
with
him
.
This
employment
of
the
Duke's
,
though
it
was
only
intended
to
countenance
the
Queens
Negotiation
,
and
to
make
it
more
easily
succeed
,
did
nevertheless
incense
her
in
the
highest
degree
against
him
.
She
look'd
upon
his
interposition
,
as
proceeding
from
a
diffidence
the
King
had
in
her
,
and
not
daring
to
manifest
her
dissatisfaction
to
him
,
she
threw
it
wholly
upon
the
Duke
,
and
took
from
thence
a
new
occasion
to
augment
the
ill
will
she
had
formerly
conceiv'd
against
him
.
The
Treaty
was
notwithstanding
concluded
at
Nemours
,
wherein
the
Lords
of
Guise
had
the
full
of
their
own
demands
,
whether
against
those
of
the
Hugonot
Party
;
or
in
their
own
particular
favour
.
They
were
to
command
the
Armies
,
The
Treaty
concluded
at
Nemours
.
that
should
be
set
forth
against
the
Hugonots
;
and
over
and
above
the
great
,
and
advantageous
Governments
they
were
already
possest
of
,
the
King
delivered
over
twelve
,
or
fifteen
of
the
best
Cities
in
the
Kingdom
into
their
hands
;
together
with
vast
summes
of
money
:
And
then
it
was
,
that
men
were
undeceiv'd
,
and
that
all
men
plainly
saw
they
minded
more
their
own
private
Interest
,
and
the
establishment
of
their
own
greatness
,
than
they
regarded
the
advancement
of
the
Catholick
Religion
.
The
Treaty
then
being
concluded
,
the
Duke
of
Guise
came
to
kiss
the
Kings
Hands
at
St.
Maur
des
●aussez
,
his
Majesty
so
ordering
it
purposely
to
defeat
the
Duke
of
the
Parisians
applause
;
from
whence
after
the
Ratification
of
the
Articles
,
the
Duke
return'd
into
his
own
Government
of
Champagne
,
dismiss'd
with
some
feign'd
Demonstrations
of
Favour
,
which
was
also
on
his
part
receiv'd
with
the
same
dissimulation
.
From
thence
forward
the
King
began
with
great
artifice
to
spin
out
the
violent
designs
of
the
League
,
The
War
begun
by
the
King
against
the
Hugonots
.
manifesting
nevertheless
such
an
animosity
against
the
Hugonots
,
and
so
firm
a
resolution
vigorously
to
effect
what
had
been
concluded
against
them
,
as
he
conceiv'd
necessary
to
satisfie
a
people
jealous
of
his
sincerity
,
and
apt
to
take
up
new
suspicions
upon
every
instigation
of
their
own
corrupted
fansie
:
And
in
order
thereunto
he
went
to
the
Parliament
in
great
Formality
,
and
State
,
to
cause
an
Edict
to
pass
against
those
of
the
Reform'd
Religion
;
where
after
a
revocation
of
the
cautionary
Towns
,
of
the
Chambres
Mi-parties
,
Chambres
Mi-parties
were
Courts
of
Justice
establish'd
in
divers
▪
Cities
of
France
,
in
favour
of
the
Hugonots
,
of
which
Relig●on
the
one
half
were
,
and
the
other
half
Catholicks
.
of
the
liberty
of
Conscience
,
and
of
other
Concessions
that
had
formerly
been
granted
in
their
Favour
,
they
were
prescrib'd
by
a
day
prefix'd
,
either
to
abjure
their
Religion
;
or
to
be
declar'd
enemies
to
the
State
,
and
punishable
to
the
last
degree
.
This
first
Act
thus
play'd
,
his
Majesty
assembled
the
Provost
des
Marchands
,
and
the
Eschevins
of
Paris
to
demand
money
of
them
for
the
prosecution
of
the
War
they
had
so
ardently
desir'd
;
which
he
also
propos'd
to
the
Clergy
,
who
had
shewed
themselves
no
less
zealous
than
they
:
but
finding
both
the
one
,
and
the
other
equally
cold
in
the
business
,
after
he
had
reproach'd
them
with
their
unseasonable
violence
,
which
he
said
,
had
hinder'd
him
from
bringing
about
by
easie
,
and
infallible
ways
,
the
utter
extirpation
of
Heresie
(
a
thing
he
more
earnestly
desir'd
,
than
any
of
them
)
he
told
them
flatly
,
that
since
by
them
this
business
was
first
set
on
foot
,
it
was
reasonable
,
that
they
who
had
been
the
promoters
of
it
,
should
likewise
be
at
the
charge
of
the
War
.
His
Majesty
thought
by
grasping
thus
at
their
purses
to
take
off
their
edge
of
fighting
,
and
by
representing
to
them
the
charge
,
and
incommodities
of
War
,
he
should
at
the
same
time
imprint
in
them
a
hatred
,
and
aversion
to
it
.
But
what
reasons
can
prevail
with
a
pre-possess'd
,
and
exasperated
multitude
?
The
people
displeas'd
at
the
difficulties
the
King
laid
before
them
,
and
suf●ering
themselves
to
be
seduc'd
by
the
malepert
Preachers
of
the
League
,
who
by
their
seditious
Sermons
had
soon
perswaded
them
into
commotion
,
impos'd
upon
the
King
a
necessity
of
beginning
the
War
;
and
forgetting
the
respect
due
to
the
Majesty
of
their
Prince
,
gave
him
in
plain
terms
to
understand
,
that
he
should
not
be
safe
in
his
own
Louvre
,
if
he
did
not
forthwith
betake
himself
to
Arms.
The
condition
of
the
time
,
and
the
conditions
of
the
Treaty
lately
concluded
with
the
League
,
equally
obliging
the
King
to
fall
into
speedy
action
,
and
also
to
serve
himself
with
some
of
the
Heads
of
that
Party
in
this
Expedition
;
his
Majesty
to
comply
with
his
own
necessity
,
and
likewise
to
satisfie
that
Article
,
dispatch'd
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
into
Guienne
,
against
the
King
of
Navarre
,
the
Duke
of
Guise
himself
desiring
to
remain
in
his
Government
of
Champagne
,
to
guard
the
Frontiers
,
and
that
he
might
have
in
the
other
Armies
.
He
was
also
to
set
on
foot
such
persons
,
as
he
knew
were
faithful
to
him
:
He
sent
the
Mareschal
de
Biron
into
Xaintonge
against
the
Prince
of
Cond●
,
and
the
Duke
of
Ioyeuse
into
Languedoc
,
reserving
for
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
as
a
Servant
in
whom
he
repos'd
the
greatest
trust
,
the
Employment
of
Provence
:
The
Duke
of
Espernon
sent
with
an
Army
into
Provence
.
A
Government
which
being
a
little
before
left
vacant
by
the
Death
of
the
Grand
Prior
of
France
,
Bastard
of
Valois
,
had
been
conferr'd
upon
him
;
and
a
Province
wherein
(
of
all
other
)
his
Majesties
Authority
had
the
greatest
need
of
support
,
having
formerly
been
much
weakned
by
the
two
contrary
Factions
that
divided
the
State
:
Whereof
one
was
commanded
by
the
Sieur
de
Lesdiguieres
,
Head
of
the
Hugonot
Party
;
and
the
other
by
the
Sieur
de
Vins
,
the
Kings
Lieutenant
there
,
but
a
man
very
partial
to
the
League
.
His
Majesty
therefore
desiring
,
amidst
the
confusion
that
was
made
by
these
two
Parties
,
to
secure
the
Countrey
to
himself
,
sent
thither
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
with
a
good
Army
,
appointing
Mounsieur
de
la
Valette
his
Brother
,
for
his
Lieutenant
in
that
Service
;
neither
was
he
deceiv'd
in
his
choice
:
for
in
less
than
four
months
time
,
Province
,
and
Dauphiné
were
wholly
settled
in
his
obedience
,
the
only
part
almost
of
the
Kingdom
,
where
his
Majesty
was
effectively
,
and
truly
serv'd
;
and
had
he
had
many
more
such
Servants
to
employ
,
his
Affairs
had
certainly
,
and
in
a
very
little
time
,
chang'd
their
face
,
and
the
Royal
Authority
been
rescued
from
the
Rebellious
Insolence
,
that
trod
it
under
foot
in
most
Provinces
of
France
.
The
Office
of
Colonel
General
having
given
the
Duke
absolute
Authority
over
the
Infantry
,
there
was
great
contest
amongst
the
old
Regiments
,
which
should
be
preferr'd
to
follow
him
in
this
action
,
in
which
he
made
shift
to
satisfie
the
ambition
of
the
greatest
part
;
his
Majesty
(
who
gave
him
absolute
power
in
matters
of
greater
difficulty
)
being
content
,
that
his
best
Souldiers
should
serve
under
his
trustiest
Captain
:
so
that
he
drew
out
a
good
part
of
the
Regiment
of
Guards
,
of
that
of
Ficardy
,
and
Champagne
,
with
other
Companies
out
of
other
Regiments
,
to
the
number
of
ten
thousand
Foot
;
to
which
was
added
twelve
hundred
Horse
,
and
twelve
piece
of
Cannon
,
with
their
Equipage
.
The
Duke
,
Anno
1586.
having
about
the
end
of
Summer
led
his
Army
into
Provence
,
put
them
immediately
into
vigorous
Action
.
Vins
was
the
first
he
undertook
,
who
,
having
before
been
worsted
by
Lesdiguieres
,
was
in
no
condition
of
making
any
great
resis●ance
;
and
Lesdiguieres
,
though
victorious
over
the
League
,
finding
yet
himself
too
weak
to
oppose
the
King's
Army
,
conducted
by
so
experienc'd
Commanders
,
by
withdrawing
into
his
own
strength
,
gave
the
two
Brothers
liberty
to
make
themselves
Masters
of
Seynes
,
Breoules
,
Chorges
,
and
many
other
Considerable
places
as
well
in
Provence
,
as
Dauphiné
with
wonderful
expedition
:
so
that
by
these
successes
the
two
Factions
,
which
had
so
long
afflicted
those
two
good
Provinces
,
being
equally
supprest
,
the
Duke
had
leisure
to
return
to
Court
,
where
his
presence
was
not
a
little
necessary
to
countermine
such
Practices
(
of
which
Mounsieur
de
Villeroy
says
in
his
Mesmoires
the
Duke
suspected
him
to
be
Author
)
as
were
by
his
Enemies
set
on
foot
against
him
.
Neither
did
the
Duke
need
to
make
any
great
difficulty
of
retiring
from
Provence
,
considering
the
good
posture
he
had
brought
Affairs
into
,
and
that
he
left
his
second
self
upon
the
place
,
not
only
in
fidelity
,
and
zeal
to
the
King's
Service
,
but
also
in
valour
,
and
experience
;
namely
,
Mounsieur
de
la
Valette
his
Brother
:
a
man
whose
Vertues
had
acquir'd
so
great
a
Reputation
with
all
worthy
men
,
that
he
is
never
to
be
spoke
of
,
without
very
worthy
mention
,
and
the
highest
Characters
of
Honour
.
But
the
Duke
had
no
sooner
turn'd
his
back
of
Provence
,
and
taken
back
part
of
the
Army
with
him
,
than
the
contrary
Factions
,
encourag'd
by
this
Division
of
the
Army
,
made
head
anew
:
so
that
it
was
necessary
to
set
another
Army
on
foot
to
oppose
them
;
the
care
of
which
now
wholly
rested
upon
Valette
:
nor
did
there
need
a
more
active
and
experienc'd
Captain
.
His
principal
Exploits
were
against
the
League
,
to
whose
succour
the
Duke
of
Savoy
came
in
person
,
an
ambitious
Prince
,
and
one
that
watching
all
opportunities
of
enlarging
his
own
Dominion
,
had
from
the
Leagues
first
taking
Arms
,
joyn'd
himself
with
the
Countess
of
Saut
,
the
Sieur
d●
Vins
,
the
Compte
de
Carses
,
and
other
persons
of
Quality
of
that
side
;
neither
has
he
(
what
Treaties
of
Peace
soever
have
been
concluded
with
the
League
)
ever
desisted
from
his
first
design
of
keeping
that
Countrey
by
force
of
Arms.
But
la
Valette
after
having
won
from
him
the
so
celebrated
Battel
of
Vignon
,
did
so
uncessantly
press
upon
him
,
and
in
several
other
encounters
obtain'd
so
many
advantages
over
him
,
that
he
forc'd
him
to
retire
beyond
the
Alpes
,
and
to
let
Provence
alone
.
Neither
did
Dauphiné
escape
his
diligence
,
for
Lesdiguieres
finding
himself
too
weak
to
meet
him
in
the
Field
,
gave
him
opportunity
to
withdraw
Geyssens
from
the
Cittadel
of
Valence
,
which
he
held
in
the
name
of
the
League
,
having
been
plac'd
in
that
command
by
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
,
and
to
recover
Gap
into
the
King's
Obedience
.
So
that
the
two
Factions
,
that
of
the
League
,
and
that
of
the
Religion
,
being
equally
weakned
by
his
Valour
and
Conduct
;
he
then
so
establish'd
those
two
Provinces
in
their
duty
,
that
it
was
afterwards
no
hard
matter
for
him
to
continue
them
in
that
posture
of
Obedience
,
until
the
death
of
the
King
.
Whilst
Mounsieur
de
la
Valette
was
employ'd
about
these
brave
Services
for
the
Crown
,
Mounsieur
de
Villeroy
,
a
declar'd
Enemy
to
the
Duke
his
Brother
,
New
discontents
betw●xt
the
Duke
&
Mounsieur
de
Vill●r●y
.
was
no
less
busie
,
with
all
the
ill
Offices
he
could
contrive
,
to
ruine
both
their
Credits
with
the
King
:
Which
though
the
Duke
had
long
observ'd
,
and
as
long
forborn
to
take
notice
of
;
yet
could
he
at
last
no
longer
restrain
himself
from
breaking
out
to
a
high
,
and
publick
Rupture
with
him
.
It
was
at
St
,
Aignan
that
it
happened
,
at
the
time
the
Army
of
Reiters
were
preparing
to
enter
the
Kingdom
;
and
that
the
King
was
consulting
of
the
means
to
hinder
their
passage
.
I
have
already
given
an
account
of
the
Animosities
betwixt
these
two
great
Ministers
,
and
the
Causes
that
produc'd
them
,
which
perhaps
I
should
not
so
punctually
have
done
;
neither
should
I
now
do
it
,
had
not
D'Avila
an
Authour
of
great
Repute
for
the
History
of
that
time
enlarg'd
himself
more
thatn
ordinary
upon
this
Difference
,
as
upon
an
accident
very
considerable
,
and
of
great
importance
to
the
general
Affairs
that
were
then
in
agitation
.
The
Duke
then
,
and
Villeroy
being
upon
these
ill
terms
,
the
King
at
the
especial
instance
of
the
Duke
had
assigned
a
summe
of
20000
Crowns
only
,
for
the
entertainment
of
Mounsieur
de
la
Valette's
Army
,
a
proportion
very
inconsiderable
for
the
great
end
to
which
it
was
design'd
;
but
very
great
considering
the
necessities
the
State
was
then
in
:
which
mony
Villeroy
(
notwithstanding
his
Majesties
Order
)
having
diverted
to
the
Payment
of
the
Grand
Provost
,
and
his
Archers
,
the
Duke
discover'd
it
to
the
King
in
open
Council
,
complaining
that
a
summe
so
disproportionable
to
the
utility
of
his
Brothers
Services
should
be
diverted
to
another
use
.
To
which
Complaint
Villeroy
who
was
present
reply'd
aloud
in
his
Majesties
Presence
,
That
what
the
Duke
had
said
,
was
not
true
.
It
is
easie
to
judge
,
whether
the
Duke
,
who
was
then
rais'd
to
the
highest
degree
of
Favour
,
were
surpriz'd
with
so
tart
,
and
so
unexpected
an
Injury
.
I
have
heard
him
say
,
That
in
his
whole
life
,
he
was
never
so
sensibly
offended
;
nevertheless
he
had
so
much
power
over
himself
,
as
to
forbear
all
kind
of
violence
in
the
Kings
Presence
,
so
much
as
from
any
extravagancy
of
words
:
neither
made
he
other
reply
to
Mounsieur
de
Villeroy
but
this
,
That
the
Presence
of
the
King
which
had
encourag'd
him
to
give
that
Language
,
oblig'd
him
to
be
Silent
:
but
that
he
should
repent
it
.
The
King
both
disquieted
,
and
displeas'd
at
this
Quarrel
,
and
willing
to
interrupt
them
from
proceeding
further
,
went
immediately
out
of
the
Closet
,
expecting
the
Duke
should
follow
him
;
but
he
staying
behind
,
and
being
now
no
longer
aw'd
by
the
Reverence
due
to
his
Majesties
Person
,
fell
very
severely
upon
Mounsieur
de
Villeroy
for
the
words
past
:
some
say
he
proceeded
to
high
threats
,
that
he
had
his
hand
up
to
have
strook
him
,
and
that
he
gave
him
some
very
unhandsome
language
;
though
I
never
heard
the
Duke
confess
so
much
,
in
the
many
times
he
has
discours'd
of
that
business
:
But
Mounsieur
de
Villeroy
immediately
went
and
complain'd
to
the
King
of
the
Duke's
Threats
,
demanding
Assurance
,
and
Protection
from
him
;
where
receiving
no
very
satisfactory
answer
,
he
waited
time
,
and
opportunity
,
by
working
his
own
revenge
to
procure
his
own
Safety
,
which
happened
not
long
after
,
when
we
shall
see
the
Duke's
Valour
frustrate
all
his
Enemies
Designs
.
But
let
us
in
the
mean
time
return
to
the
general
Business
.
We
have
already
observ'd
,
that
from
the
first
insurrection
of
the
League
,
the
King
of
Navarre
not
doubting
,
but
that
all
their
preparations
were
chiefly
intended
against
him
,
had
earnestly
solicited
all
the
Confederates
of
his
Religion
,
not
only
at
home
,
but
in
Foreign
Parts
to
his
aid
:
but
when
he
understood
,
that
,
by
the
mediation
of
the
Queen
Mother
,
The
entry
of
the
Reiters
into
France
,
and
the
Kings
prudent
conduct
in
this
War
.
the
Treaty
of
Nemours
,
had
been
sign'd
by
the
King
himself
at
St.
Maur
;
he
,
then
foreseeing
the
storm
that
was
ready
to
break
upon
him
,
very
well
knew
,
that
he
should
infallibly
be
overwhelm'd
,
without
a
speedy
succour
.
He
therefore
again
press'd
his
Allies
immediately
to
send
their
Forces
,
if
they
desir'd
to
find
him
in
a
condition
to
receive
the
effects
of
their
Assistance
,
his
Enemies
so
passionately
precipitating
his
Ruine
.
The
German
Princes
spurr'd
on
by
this
new
Solicitation
,
and
having
yet
been
ancient
Allies
to
the
Crown
of
France
,
would
,
it
should
seem
,
proceed
with
some
shew
of
respect
,
and
thereupon
concluded
amongst
themselves
to
send
first
an
honourable
Embassy
to
the
King
,
before
they
would
engage
in
so
important
a
Quarrel
.
In
this
occurrence
all
the
Court
expected
some
Civil
Remonstrance
on
the
German
Princes
part
;
but
they
soon
found
themselves
deceiv'd
;
for
the
Ambassadours
either
prevail'd
upon
by
their
Confederates
in
France
,
or
transported
with
their
own
Zeal
to
Religion
,
and
the
passion
they
had
for
those
of
that
Party
,
having
publickly
reproach'd
the
King
with
his
breach
of
Faith
towards
his
Protestant
Subjects
,
it
evidently
appear'd
,
that
their
design
was
not
to
mediate
an
Accommodation
;
but
to
push
things
on
to
the
decision
of
Arms
,
by
giving
the
King
a
premeditated
Affront
.
I
have
heard
the
Duke
say
that
he
was
present
at
the
delivery
of
this
Oration
,
and
that
the
King
justly
nettled
at
so
saucy
an
Embassy
,
after
having
in
the
heat
,
and
apprehension
of
so
great
an
injury
,
spoken
with
greater
eloquence
,
than
ever
till
that
time
he
had
heard
him
do
,
he
positively
,
and
for
a
final
answer
,
return'd
the
lye
to
whoever
should
reproach
him
with
the
breach
of
his
Faith
.
The
Ambassadors
dismiss'd
after
this
manner
,
fail'd
not
at
their
return
home
,
to
exasperate
their
several
Princes
to
the
last
degree
;
who
,
being
before
resolv'd
upon
a
War
,
made
speedy
and
great
Leavies
,
and
soon
set
such
an
Army
on
foot
,
as
they
thought
,
joyn'd
to
that
the
King
of
Novarre
had
already
of
his
dependants
,
should
be
able
absolutely
to
subdue
the
Catholick
Party
in
France
.
The
King
,
as
he
very
well
foresaw
what
inconvenience
the
entry
of
such
a
multitude
of
strangers
must
of
necessity
bring
upon
his
Kingdom
,
so
did
he
by
all
imaginable
ways
try
to
prevent
their
coming
:
and
seeing
that
nothing
,
but
satisfying
the
King
of
Navarre
could
possibly
divert
that
mischief
,
he
once
more
try'd
by
the
means
of
the
Queen
his
Mother
,
if
possible
to
win
him
to
a
timely
accommodation
.
Which
being
by
her
undertaken
,
after
many
delayes
,
scruples
,
and
jealousies
on
both
sides
,
a
Conference
was
at
last
concluded
on
at
St.
Brix
,
a
private
house
seated
upon
the
Banks
of
Charente
near
Coynack
:
but
this
Conference
nevertheless
being
able
to
produce
no
good
effect
,
by
reason
of
that
invincible
difficulty
,
the
difference
of
Religion
,
and
the
German
Princes
hasting
away
their
Armies
into
France
,
his
Majesty
was
forc'd
to
prepare
himself
to
oppose
them
.
A
Resolution
that
he
effected
with
so
good
orders
,
and
so
prudent
a
Conduct
,
that
their
defeat
ought
to
live
for
a
perpetual
Monument
of
this
Princes
Wisdom
,
no
man
else
having
any
voice
in
that
deliberation
.
It
was
he
alone
who
by
his
own
Wise
Counsels
rendred
all
the
attempts
of
his
Enemies
fruitless
;
it
was
he
alone
that
overthrew
them
,
and
that
having
by
his
own
prudent
orders
made
them
suffer
those
incommodities
that
unnerved
them
,
and
put
them
out
of
all
defense
,
gave
the
Duke
of
Guise
an
opportunity
,
to
win
a
great
deal
of
Honour
,
with
little
trouble
,
and
danger
.
So
great
an
advantage
it
is
to
live
in
the
publick
opinion
.
The
King
having
employ'd
all
his
care
,
and
art
to
hinder
the
Reiters
from
entring
into
the
Kingdom
,
and
all
to
no
purpose
,
and
finding
all
Treaties
,
and
all
moderate
wayes
ineffectual
to
divert
the
blow
,
that
was
intended
against
him
,
he
at
last
put
on
his
wonted
resolution
,
and
determined
bravely
to
encounter
that
danger
,
he
then
plainly
saw
he
could
not
with
all
his
dexterity
prevent
.
Having
therefore
in
this
determination
assembled
his
Council
,
to
the
end
he
might
advise
with
his
principal
Ministers
,
about
an
Affair
of
this
important
consequence
;
and
having
there
laid
open
the
business
to
them
,
he
found
their
opinions
very
different
;
neither
is
it
strange
that
men
of
several
judgments
should
dissent
in
a
resolution
of
this
high
nature
:
some
advised
him
to
advance
with
his
Army
out
of
his
own
Con●ines
,
and
there
to
expect
,
and
fight
the
Enemy
:
others
were
of
a
contrary
opinion
;
neither
did
the
one
,
nor
the
other
want
reasons
,
or
example
to
justifie
their
advice
.
At
last
the
King
himself
deliver'd
his
own
opinion
,
which
was
,
To
permit
the
Enemy
quietly
to
enter
the
Kingdom
,
but
withal
to
make
them
pass
through
so
many
difficulties
,
and
to
suffer
so
many
necessities
,
that
they
should
be
already
as
good
,
as
overcome
,
before
they
should
come
to
fight
.
He
remonstrated
to
them
,
that
to
encounter
them
fresh
,
and
in
their
trim
,
as
they
came
out
of
their
own
Country
,
animated
to
War
by
the
Interest
of
Religion
,
and
by
the
compassion
of
their
Confederates
,
were
to
expose
things
to
a
doubtful
event
.
That
the
loss
of
a
Battel
,
in
the
flourishing
condition
those
of
the
Reformed
Religion
would
be
after
such
a
Victory
,
would
endanger
France
,
and
the
Catholick
Religion
.
That
he
had
a
desire
to
preserve
both
the
one
,
and
the
other
,
and
to
ruine
his
Enemies
more
leisurely
:
but
withal
more
surely
,
and
that
there
would
nevertheless
be
Honour
enough
in
the
Victory
,
provided
it
were
absolute
,
and
entire
.
This
being
then
the
final
Resolution
,
his
Majesty
gave
order
forthwith
,
that
his
Armies
should
be
all
ready
in
Iuly
following
,
to
appear
at
Meaux
,
which
he
assigned
for
the
general
Rendezvous
;
and
,
besides
the
present
Forces
that
he
intended
to
set
on
foot
,
he
commanded
that
in
every
Province
,
the
Nobility
,
and
[
](A42794-e21620-b)*
*
Arrierebans
,
which
upon
examination
I
find
to
be
in
effect
the
same
thing
with
our
Train-bands
Train-Bands
should
be
ready
to
march
at
the
first
Summons
.
He
dispatch'd
also
several
Commissions
for
new
Leavies
,
to
the
end
,
they
might
either
serve
to
fill
up
the
old
Troops
,
as
they
should
grow
thin
;
or
to
stand
for
a
reserve
in
case
any
thing
should
happen
amiss
to
the
main
Army
.
He
sent
Commissaries
on
purpose
to
beat
down
all
the
Ovens
,
and
Mills
that
were
in
his
Enemies
way
,
from
the
Frontier
,
as
far
as
the
place
he
had
appointed
for
his
own
Quarters
.
He
caus'd
all
the
Grain
of
the
▪
Country
to
be
fetch'd
in
,
and
stor'd
up
in
the
good
Towns
,
with
all
Artificers
,
and
Tradesmen
of
what
condition
soever
.
He
caus'd
all
the
defensible
Cities
to
be
fortified
with
Men
,
Victuals
,
and
Ammunition
;
and
on
the
contrary
,
demolish'd
all
such
places
as
were
not
tenable
,
nor
able
to
withstand
a
Siege
.
He
commanded
all
the
Bridges
to
be
broken
down
,
all
the
Fords
to
be
spoil'd
,
and
generally
all
things
to
be
destroy'd
,
that
might
any
way
contribute
to
his
Enemies
advantage
,
or
subsistance
.
He
further
sent
to
the
Duke
of
Lorain
,
that
it
stood
with
his
Interest
,
in
this
occasion
,
to
do
the
same
in
his
Territories
;
and
having
thus
dispos'd
all
things
,
and
the
Duke
of
Espernon
having
highly
applauded
what
he
had
done
,
he
told
the
King
with
his
wonted
freedom
,
that
there
was
one
thing
yet
left
undone
;
which
,
though
it
were
more
in
his
Majesties
Power
,
and
Royal
Disposition
,
than
all
the
rest
,
would
nevertheless
be
the
hardest
for
him
to
execute
.
The
King
commanded
him
to
explain
himself
,
and
to
tell
him
what
that
thing
was
,
promising
withal
to
satisfie
him
in
it
;
whereupon
the
Duke
growing
more
serious
,
told
him
,
That
he
humbly
besought
his
Majesty
to
command
his
Army
in
Person
,
and
alone
without
a
Competitor
that
might
dispute
with
him
the
Honour
of
a
Victory
,
that
,
by
his
Prudent
disposition
of
Affairs
,
was
as
good
as
certain
to
him
.
Which
the
King
solemnly
promis'd
him
he
would
:
but
afterwards
,
according
to
his
custom
,
giving
too
much
ear
to
the
Counsels
of
others
,
and
not
enough
relying
upon
his
own
wisdom
,
he
alter'd
that
resolution
,
and
dividing
his
Army
into
two
,
gave
the
better
part
to
the
Duke
of
Guise
;
and
so
depriv'd
himself
of
the
whole
glory
of
that
Action
,
to
bestow
it
upon
another
.
The
Duke
of
Guise
expert
,
and
valiant
,
as
any
Prince
of
his
time
,
had
those
Forces
no
sooner
committed
to
his
charge
,
but
that
he
immediately
march'd
them
away
to
the
Frontiers
of
Champagne
,
to
observe
the
Enemies
motion
,
and
to
oblige
them
by
his
lying
so
near
to
march
close
together
;
which
,
considering
the
spoil
that
had
before
been
made
of
the
Country
,
was
as
great
an
inconvenience
as
they
could
suffer
.
The
Duke
of
Ioyeuse
had
also
an
Employment
against
the
King
of
Navarre
,
to
hold
him
in
play
in
Guienne
,
and
to
hinder
him
from
joyning
with
the
Foreign
Army
,
that
came
to
his
assistance
.
But
the
Duke
of
Espernon
was
reserv'd
by
his
Majesty
to
attend
upon
his
own
person
;
as
one
in
whom
he
repos'd
an
entire
confidence
,
and
as
a
man
whose
sole
and
utmost
aim
,
the
King
evidently
saw
,
was
equally
directed
to
his
Majesties
Honour
,
and
to
the
Kingdoms
safety
:
To
him
the
King
gave
the
command
of
the
Vantguard
of
his
own
Army
;
in
which
Employment
he
so
behav'd
himself
,
both
with
his
Valour
,
his
Advice
,
and
his
Experience
,
that
the
very
Historians
of
that
time
,
M●smoires
de
la
Ligue
.
though
envious
,
as
the
greater
part
of
men
are
,
of
the
greatness
of
Favourites
,
could
not
forbear
notwithstanding
to
attribute
to
him
a
very
considerable
share
in
the
success
of
that
memorable
Defeat
.
And
here
give
me
leave
without
being
blam'd
for
a
digression
from
my
Subject
,
Anno
1587.
and
that
upon
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
word
,
a
man
better
read
than
any
whosoever
in
the
business
of
that
time
,
to
oppose
his
Testimony
against
a
Scandal
D'Avila
has
publish'd
;
not
only
to
the
discredit
of
the
Duke
of
Ioyeuse
his
Favour
:
but
also
to
the
infinite
prejudice
of
his
Honour
.
He
says
that
the
King
,
at
the
Duke's
dismission
to
go
to
the
Army
his
Majesty
had
given
him
in
command
,
gave
him
this
reproach
.
Che
la
Corte
lo
teneua
in
concetto
di
poltrone
,
é
chegli
era
bene
di
levarsi
questo
fregio
dal
viso
:
which
is
to
say
,
That
the
Court
look'd
upon
him
as
a
Poltron
,
and
that
he
should
do
well
to
wipe
off
that
blemish
.
Towards
the
Dukes
latter
end
,
I
read
this
History
to
him
,
which
was
then
newly
publish'd
in
France
;
and
the
Duke
had
very
highly
commended
the
Author
,
though
in
many
particulars
he
had
not
spoken
very
favourably
of
him
:
above
all
he
infinitely
commended
the
exact
care
he
had
taken
to
inform
himself
of
the
secret
motives
,
by
which
the
several
interests
of
that
time
were
carried
on
;
of
which
he
does
in
truth
for
the
most
part
render
a
very
precise
,
and
very
often
,
a
very
true
accompt
:
But
when
he
heard
these
words
,
which
were
so
highly
injurious
to
the
Duke
of
Ioyeuse
,
he
could
not
forbear
crying
out
,
●
hat
D'Avila
was
a
lyar
,
that
he
himself
was
present
when
the
Duke
of
Joyeuse
took
his
leave
of
the
King
;
that
his
Majesty
could
never
have
had
so
great
a
kindness
for
a
man
of
whom
he
had
once
entertain'd
so
mean
an
opinion
;
that
on
the
contrary
be
esteem'd
him
to
be
as
valiant
,
and
as
brave
a
Gentleman
,
as
any
was
in
his
Kingdom
:
And
where
D'Avila
continues
to
say
that
he
was
become
burthensome
to
the
King
,
that
the
King
could
no
longer
bear
it
;
and
that
he
therefore
sent
him
upon
this
expedition
purposely
to
be
cut
off
:
the
Duke
of
Espernon
bore
witness
,
That
he
saw
the
King
weep
at
the
Duke
of
Joyeuse
his
departure
,
than
which
there
could
not
be
a
greater
evidence
of
his
tenderness
and
affection
to
him
.
That
had
the
King
had
a
mind
to
have
been
rid
of
him
,
and
to
have
expos'd
him
to
the
King
of
Navarre's
Forces
,
he
would
never
have
set
him
out
with
an
Army
,
almost
twice
as
strong
,
as
that
he
was
employ'd
against
,
and
made
up
of
as
good
Souldiers
as
any
were
in
the
Kingdom
:
so
that
if
he
lost
the
Battel
of
Coutras
,
it
was
rather
through
the
chance
of
War
,
or
through
the
Valour
,
and
good
fortune
of
the
King
of
Navarre
,
than
by
any
default
of
his
Army
.
And
to
answer
yet
further
to
what
has
been
writ
concerning
his
Favour
,
of
which
D'Aubigné
only
speaks
by
hear-say
,
making
stories
,
as
it
is
his
custom
at
the
random
of
his
own
passion
,
and
fancy
:
The
Duke
has
told
me
that
the
King
was
indeed
grown
colder
towards
the
Duke
of
Ioyeuse
,
than
he
had
formerly
observ'd
him
:
but
that
he
only
attributed
that
to
the
Alliance
the
Duke
had
contracted
with
the
House
of
Lorain
,
and
that
it
was
only
a
diminution
of
●avour
,
and
never
grew
to
a
disgrace
;
and
indeed
,
had
his
Majesty
conceiv'd
a
positive
aversion
to
him
,
would
he
have
given
such
publick
evidences
of
sorrow
for
his
Death
as
he
did
?
would
he
have
honour'd
his
dead
Body
with
that
excessive
Pomp
,
and
those
unusual
Obsequies
?
which
were
such
as
gave
all
the
Nobility
occasion
to
murmur
,
having
never
before
been
allow'd
to
any
,
save
to
the
Princes
of
the
Blood
,
and
to
the
Constables
of
France
,
exclusively
to
all
other
great
men
of
the
Kingdom
.
The
Historians
of
that
time
have
further
discours'd
of
the
jealousie
betwixt
the
two
Favourites
:
to
which
I
can
answer
on
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
behalf
,
that
I
could
never
find
by
any
thing
I
could
ever
gather
from
him
,
that
he
had
been
in
the
least
touch'd
with
that
passion
;
neither
is
it
very
likely
,
considering
the
advantage
the
Duke
visibly
had
in
the
Kings
Opinion
,
there
could
be
any
jealousie
on
his
part
;
but
if
there
had
formerly
been
any
such
thing
betwixt
them
(
as
it
is
hardly
possible
but
there
must
have
been
some
emulation
betwixt
two
concurrents
in
so
high
a
pretense
as
that
of
a
Kings
Favour
)
the
Death
of
the
Duke
of
Ioyeuse
,
and
a
long
series
of
time
having
worn
out
those
impressions
,
there
now
remain'd
nothing
more
in
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
memory
,
than
the
remembrance
of
their
near
Relation
,
and
former
Friendship
.
Some
time
before
the
Duke
of
Ioyeuse
his
Death
,
the
knot
of
that
Alliance
had
been
broken
by
the
death
of
Catherine
de
Nogaret
,
and
dela
Valett●
,
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
Sister
;
who
having
at
the
King's
motion
,
and
to
the
common
satisfaction
of
both
the
Favourites
been
married
to
the
Count
de
Bouchage
,
younger
Brother
to
the
Duke
of
Ioyeuse
;
after
they
had
for
four
or
five
years
only
liv'd
together
in
a
most
perfect
harmony
,
this
Vertuous
Lady
died
,
leaving
one
Daughter
only
behind
her
,
namely
Cathe●ine
de
Ioyeuse
,
the
same
,
who
having
formerly
been
Dutchess
of
Montpensier
,
is
now
Dutchess
of
Guise
;
a
Princess
of
undisputed
Vertue
,
and
such
as
has
ever
shone
equally
bright
,
throughout
the
prosperities
,
and
afflictions
that
have
divided
her
life
.
The
C●mpte
de
Bouchage
after
having
lost
his
Wife
,
finding
nothing
in
the
world
either
to
allure
him
,
or
to
comfort
him
,
retyr'd
himself
from
it
amongst
the
Father
Capuchins
;
where
he
took
upon
him
the
Habit
of
that
Order
,
and
there
continued
some
years
,
under
the
name
of
Father
Ange
de
Ioyeuse
.
'T
is
true
,
the
Pope
having
since
enjoyn'd
his
Superiours
to
perswade
him
abroad
again
,
to
the
end
he
might
be
Head
of
the
League
in
Languedoc
,
that
he
obey'd
his
command
:
but
it
was
to
return
afterwards
into
the
same
order
again
,
as
soon
as
Affairs
would
give
him
leave
,
where
he
continued
to
his
death
,
and
died
in
great
opinion
of
Sanctity
.
And
since
,
upon
occasion
,
I
have
been
drawn
aside
to
mention
this
Marriage
out
of
its
due
order
,
it
is
reasonable
that
I
now
speak
of
that
of
the
Duke
,
The
Marriage
betwixt
the
Duke
of
Espernon
and
Marguerite
de
Foix
,
and
de
Candalle
.
which
happened
at
this
time
.
The
Duke
therefore
having
been
offer'd
a
match
with
the
Sister-in-law
of
his
King
,
and
having
been
esteem'd
not
unworthy
to
marry
with
the
King
of
Navarre's
Sister
,
her
Brother
being
at
that
time
immediate
Heir
to
the
Crown
:
It
is
to
be
presum'd
he
might
reasonably
pretend
to
the
greatest
Fortune
whatsoever
in
France
but
amongst
the
many
were
propos'd
to
him
,
he
preferr'd
that
with
Marguerite
de
Foix
,
and
de
Candelle
,
Daughter
and
Heir
to
Henry
de
Foix
,
and
de
Candelle
,
and
to
Mary
de
Montmorency
,
before
all
the
rest
.
The
Father
,
and
Mother
of
this
Lady
died
both
young
,
her
Mother
of
Sickness
,
and
her
Father
at
the
Siege
of
Sommieres
.
For
the
Duke
de
Anville
his
Brother
in
law
,
having
undertaken
that
Siege
,
A●●igné
.
the
Compte
do
Candelle
rais'd
two
thousand
men
amongst
his
Tenants
in
Gascony
to
favour
his
Design
;
a
very
considerable
supply
in
the
weak
condition
the
Duke
de
Anville's
Army
then
was
;
where
being
come
,
and
finding
the
breach
already
made
,
and
the
assault
ready
to
be
given
,
he
intreated
the
Honour
of
the
first
Assault
might
be
conferr'd
upon
his
men
,
who
he
desir'd
might
give
immediate
proof
of
their
Valour
.
A
fatal
request
,
which
having
been
granted
to
him
,
his
men
went
on
with
very
great
courage
to
the
assault
;
where
,
being
as
resolutely
receiv'd
,
they
were
at
last
beaten
back
:
but
the
Compte
de
Candalle
,
not
being
able
to
endure
such
a
repulse
,
return'd
to
the
Assault
,
and
putting
himself
in
his
Doublet
only
at
the
head
of
his
men
,
he
repell'd
the
Enemy
,
and
won
the
top
of
the
Breach
;
when
being
now
upon
the
point
to
carry
the
Town
,
an
unfortunate
Musquet
shot
in
his
Throat
laid
him
dead
upon
the
place
.
An
accident
,
by
which
the
Town
,
already
as
good
as
taken
,
was
again
lost
with
the
life
of
the
Conquerour
.
By
the
death
of
this
Compte
,
his
Daughter
being
then
but
three
years
old
,
was
left
to
the
Tuition
of
Francis
de
Foix
,
and
de
Candalle
Bishop
of
Aire
,
her
Uncle
by
the
Father's
side
,
a
Prelate
who
,
having
to
the
dignity
of
his
Birth
,
added
a
singular
knowledge
in
the
profoundest
Sciences
,
and
chie●ly
in
the
Mathematicks
,
had
the
reputation
of
one
of
the
most
excellent
Men
,
not
only
of
his
own
time
,
but
also
of
all
Antiquity
;
Yet
did
not
his
diligence
in
study
,
though
he
were
immeasurably
addicted
to
it
,
hinder
his
due
care
of
his
Niece
,
either
as
to
the
Education
of
her
Person
,
or
as
to
the
management
of
her
Fortune
;
for
he
deliver'd
her
over
when
very
young
,
to
the
Connestable
de
Montmorency
her
Aunt
,
a
Lady
of
singular
Vertue
,
who
had
earnestly
desir'd
it
,
that
she
might
bring
her
up
,
as
one
of
her
own
Daughters
;
which
she
accordingly
did
:
and
under
her
excellent
Tuition
this
young
Lady
grew
up
to
so
great
a
perfection
in
all
vertuous
Qualities
,
that
she
won
the
general
Applause
,
and
was
admir'd
above
all
others
of
her
Quality
in
the
Kingdom
.
To
these
eminent
endowments
of
Mind
she
had
yet
the
advantage
of
her
Birth
,
and
the
reputation
of
her
Fortune
:
For
the
first
I
shall
need
to
say
no
more
,
than
that
she
was
ally'd
to
almost
all
the
Crowns
of
Europe
,
Tho●
.
and
that
from
her
Family
descended
the
House
of
Navarre
,
that
her
Family
had
oblig'd
Hungary
with
a
Queen
,
Bem●●
.
and
France
with
a
Gaston
de
Foix
,
with
other
Captains
of
so
incomparable
Valour
,
as
took
place
of
the
most
eminent
Leaders
of
their
time
.
Their
Estates
had
also
been
very
great
,
and
there
yet
remain'd
in
fair
demeasnes
to
the
value
of
above
fourscore
thousand
Livers
annual
Rent
;
though
to
say
truth
,
the
Affairs
of
that
Family
had
of
late
years
been
so
ill
managed
,
that
there
now
remain'd
but
a
very
small
part
of
that
vast
Revenue
clear
,
and
unincumbred
with
Debts
.
Her
Estate
therefore
requir'd
both
a
discreet
manager
to
husband
it
,
and
a
man
well
furnish'd
with
money
,
to
disengage
it
,
and
to
restore
it
to
that
Splendor
,
and
Reputation
,
in
which
it
had
formerly
been
:
And
if
the
Person
of
this
Lady
I
speak
of
,
was
not
endow'd
with
all
those
Criticisms
of
form
the
curious
will
have
concurre
to
the
making
up
of
a
rare
,
and
illustrious
Beauty
,
she
had
yet
so
much
,
and
that
set
off
with
so
graceful
,
and
so
winning
a
Fashion
,
as
oblig'd
the
Duke
to
become
her
Suitor
;
after
which
it
was
not
long
before
the
King
concluded
the
Marriage
.
The
Solemnity
was
held
at
Bois
de
Vincennes
,
the
7th
.
day
of
August
,
in
the
Year
1587.
the
King
being
then
going
against
the
Reiters
,
who
were
already
enter'd
the
Borders
of
France
.
It
is
not
long
since
I
saw
the
Articles
of
that
Contract
,
with
the
Inventories
of
the
Dukes
Estate
,
both
Personal
and
Real
,
then
taken
in
the
presence
of
the
Countess
de
Ryberac
,
and
a
Gentleman
sent
for
that
purpose
on
the
behalf
of
the
Bishop
of
Aire
,
and
by
his
Letter
of
Attorney
authoriz'd
to
manage
that
business
.
For
the
Bishop
,
what
hopes
soever
they
could
give
him
of
the
obtaining
of
a
Cardinals
Hat
,
if
he
would
come
to
Court
,
he
could
never
be
drawn
from
his
Books
,
nor
tempted
to
leave
his
Study
:
and
his
Ambition
lying
another
way
,
that
is
,
rather
to
search
into
the
solid
Truth
,
than
the
vain
Apparence
of
things
,
he
found
a
greater
contentment
of
mind
in
his
retirement
,
and
solitude
,
than
in
all
the
lustre
and
bustle
of
the
Court.
There
were
few
Writers
of
that
time
that
do
not
make
mention
of
the
Dukes
great
Riches
,
and
of
the
Kings
unlimited
liberalities
towards
him
;
and
yet
upon
this
occasion
there
was
only
found
in
Land
,
The
D●ke's
Estate
at
h●s
Marri●ge
.
Jewels
,
Plate
,
and
other
Furniture
,
to
the
value
of
thirteen
hundred
thousand
Crowns
;
which
if
a
man
consider
the
difference
berwixt
this
Fortune
,
and
those
of
many
others
,
that
we
have
since
known
,
not
only
Favourites
,
but
also
men
of
very
mean
beginnings
,
that
have
been
rais'd
to
far
greater
Riches
,
in
a
much
shorter
time
,
than
the
Duke
was
a
Favourite
,
will
appear
no
such
prodigious
proportion
.
His
Hostel
at
Paris
was
also
part
of
this
Estate
,
which
I
have
heard
the
Duke
say
,
was
then
the
best
House
next
to
the
Queen
Mothers
,
now
call'd
l'
Hostel
de
Soissons
,
and
so
little
inferiour
even
to
that
,
that
after
the
Queens
death
he
might
have
had
it
,
advancing
10000.
Crowns
,
in
exchange
for
his
own
.
I
have
made
this
observation
that
we
may
consider
to
what
a
degree
of
State
,
and
Beauty
the
Structures
of
these
latter
times
are
got
,
when
this
House
,
that
was
then
the
second
in
Paris
,
has
now
scarce
any
name
,
amongst
the
many
Structures
that
have
been
erected
since
.
Men
have
since
been
very
liberal
in
their
censure
of
the
Duke's
Oeconomy
,
and
which
many
unjust
to
his
Honour
,
and
not
very
kind
to
him
,
have
blemish'd
with
the
name
of
Avarice
:
I
cannot
deny
but
that
the
Oeconomy
of
his
House
was
great
,
neither
do
I
see
why
that
should
not
have
its
due
Honour
amongst
his
other
Vertues
;
he
being
in
this
as
much
a
Steward
for
the
publick
,
as
for
his
own
private
Interests
:
for
who
does
not
know
that
the
Profusions
of
Princes
,
and
the
Prodigalities
of
Favourites
,
are
ever
to
be
repair'd
by
the
Oppression
of
the
People
?
He
was
a
good
Husband
't
is
true
,
but
his
good
Husbandry
,
far
from
the
meanness
of
Avarice
,
serv'd
only
to
maintain
his
greatness
,
and
to
enable
him
the
better
to
support
the
lustre
of
his
Expense
without
being
chargeable
to
the
King
.
It
has
ever
been
such
,
that
from
his
first
rise
to
Favour
,
during
the
whole
course
of
his
life
,
no
man
ever
maintain'd
a
nobler
Table
at
Court
,
a
better
Stable
of
Horses
,
a
more
numerous
train
of
Attendants
,
and
those
men
of
Quality
,
and
good
Fashion
,
more
stately
Furniture
,
nor
a
greater
number
of
inferiour
Servants
than
the
Duke
did
.
His
expense
in
Building
infinitely
exceeded
all
others
of
his
condition
,
and
all
this
without
the
least
abatement
in
his
ordinary
way
of
living
,
without
any
visible
incommodity
in
his
Affairs
,
or
without
ever
importuning
the
King
his
Master
;
which
can
only
be
attributed
to
his
Oeconomy
,
and
the
prudent
government
of
his
Affairs
,
many
other
great
Persons
,
of
far
greater
Estates
than
he
,
having
never
been
able
to
do
such
things
,
as
he
did
with
great
ease
,
without
apparent
inconvenience
,
and
great
disorder
.
The
King
,
willing
upon
this
occasion
of
the
Dukes
Marriage
to
continue
his
Liberalities
,
made
him
then
a
gift
of
four
hundred
thousand
Crowns
:
but
the
Duke
had
never
other
advantage
by
it
,
than
the
bare
testimony
of
his
Masters
good
Inclinations
towards
him
:
For
the
Treasury
being
either
wholly
exhausted
,
or
containing
no
more
than
was
necessary
to
defray
the
immediate
War
,
the
money
could
no
ways
have
been
rais'd
,
but
by
a
new
Tax
upon
the
People
,
which
would
have
bred
new
Discontents
;
and
though
his
Majesty
notwithstanding
desir'd
such
an
Imposition
might
be
laid
;
the
Duke
a
truer
Servant
to
his
Masters
Interests
,
than
a
Friend
to
his
own
,
would
never
consent
,
but
obstinately
oppos'd
it
.
The
Papers
are
yet
to
be
seen
amongst
those
that
were
found
at
his
Death
,
for
an
eternal
monument
of
this
good
Masters
Affection
,
and
for
a
testimony
of
the
small
accompt
the
Servant
made
of
a
Benefit
,
that
must
be
exacted
with
the
clamours
of
the
People
,
and
that
was
likely
to
pull
down
a
popular
Odium
upon
his
Benefactor
.
Amongst
the
preparations
that
were
made
for
the
Duke's
Marriage
,
the
King
was
still
intent
upon
his
business
,
not
omitting
any
due
care
that
might
fit
his
Army
to
receive
the
strangers
;
who
were
now
upon
their
March
,
under
the
command
of
the
Baron
de
Dona
,
and
were
already
advanc'd
to
the
Frontiers
of
Lorain
.
The
Reiters
enter
into
France
.
There
it
was
that
the
Germans
first
began
to
be
sensible
of
those
inconveniences
his
Majesties
prudent
Conduct
had
strew'd
in
their
way
,
which
still
as
they
advanc'd
further
into
France
,
where
they
promis'd
to
themselves
a
great
abundance
of
all
things
(
upon
the
false
hopes
wherewith
their
Leaders
were
prepossest
,
that
the
whole
Court
favour'd
the
King
of
Navarre
,
and
that
they
had
only
the
Duke
of
Guise
to
wrestle
with
)
they
found
more
,
and
more
to
encrease
upon
them
,
all
things
remov'd
out
of
their
way
that
should
any
ways
contribute
to
the
support
of
so
great
a
Body
.
And
then
it
was
that
they
plainly
saw
the
vanity
of
those
aiery
promises
that
had
been
made
them
;
they
found
themselves
in
a
few
days
opprest
with
hunger
,
thirst
,
and
sickness
,
their
Arms
with
rust
dismounted
,
and
useless
,
their
Horses
unshod
,
and
themselves
expos'd
to
all
the
other
miseries
,
with
which
great
Armies
in
long
Marches
,
and
in
an
Enemies
Countrey
are
usually
afflicted
:
By
which
misfortunes
their
eyes
being
opened
,
they
began
to
fear
,
and
to
foresee
those
,
that
in
a
short
time
fell
upon
them
:
but
amongst
all
those
difficulties
,
that
which
troubled
them
the
most
,
was
their
encounter
with
the
Duke
of
Espernon
;
who
,
whilst
they
were
trying
to
find
a
pass
over
the
River
Loire
,
having
continually
coasted
them
,
and
attended
their
motion
with
eight
hundred
light
Horse
,
and
five
hundred
Harquebusses
on
Horseback
,
and
having
by
his
activity
,
The
Duke
Beats
up
a
Q●arter
of
the
German
Horse
.
and
vigilancy
found
an
opportunity
to
beat
up
a
Quarter
of
twelve
hundred
Light
Horse
,
and
to
take
the
Cornets
from
them
,
they
plainly
saw
by
that
action
what
they
were
likely
to
expect
;
for
they
had
been
made
to
believe
that
the
Duke
was
won
over
to
the
King
of
Navarre's
Party
,
a
slaunder
(
which
,
having
been
first
spread
abroad
by
the
League
)
those
of
the
Reformed
Religion
made
good
use
of
,
De
〈◊〉
de
Ligu●
.
to
encourage
the
strangers
to
enter
the
Kingdom
:
but
they
,
having
receiv'd
so
smart
a
proof
of
the
contrary
,
were
now
undeceiv'd
:
and
the
more
clearly
they
were
convinc'd
of
their
error
,
the
more
did
their
fears
encrease
;
which
begetting
at
first
private
mutterings
,
and
growing
on
to
publick
murmurs
,
proceeded
at
last
to
an
open
Mutiny
.
The
Duke
,
well
enform'd
of
this
disorder
in
the
Enemies
Camp
,
began
with
great
dexterity
to
manage
their
discontents
to
the
King's
advantage
;
he
treated
therefore
for
an
accommodation
,
both
with
the
Reiters
,
and
the
Swisse
:
the
latter
of
which
made
up
a
considerable
part
of
that
Army
,
all
their
Infantry
almost
being
rais'd
out
of
the
Swisse
Cantons
;
pressing
nevertheless
with
his
flying
Army
the
Rear
of
the
one
,
or
the
other
;
at
the
same
time
that
he
disturb'd
their
March
,
and
their
Quarters
with
his
Armies
entertaining
them
with
overtures
of
Agreement
,
putting
them
at
once
in
fear
of
the
King's
Force
,
and
in
hopes
of
his
clemency
:
by
which
different
ways
of
proceeding
to
one
and
the
same
end
,
the
two
Nations
,
equally
perplex'd
,
at
last
hearkned
to
an
Accommodation
:
which
notwithstanding
was
concluded
only
with
the
Swisse
at
that
time
,
and
with
them
the
Articles
were
agreed
upon
,
and
Sign'd
under
the
King
's
good
Pleasure
,
the
18.
of
November
1587.
Which
being
afterwards
ratified
by
his
Majesty
,
they
immediately
retir'd
into
their
Confines
.
This
great
body
thus
separated
from
the
Reiters
,
the
remaining
Army
was
in
such
perplexity
,
that
there
was
now
nothing
,
but
disorder
,
and
confusion
amongst
them
;
so
that
their
courages
being
abated
,
by
the
extreme
necessities
they
suffer'd
by
their
being
abandoned
by
their
Confederates
,
who
made
up
the
best
part
of
their
Army
,
and
by
the
fear
of
worse
michiefs
to
come
,
they
now
thought
of
nothing
more
,
than
of
retiring
from
the
extreme
danger
they
saw
themselves
envellop'd
in
:
and
then
it
was
that
they
hearkened
in
good
earnest
to
the
Propositions
which
were
then
offer'd
to
them
afresh
by
the
Duke
,
though
much
harder
than
the
former
;
neither
could
all
the
Intreaties
,
or
Authority
of
their
Leaders
,
as
well
French
,
as
those
of
their
own
Nation
,
prevail
any
thing
,
or
disswade
them
from
concluding
a
composition
,
and
from
retiring
at
last
into
their
own
Country
.
The
Reiters
come
to
Composition
,
and
retire
.
The
Articles
with
them
were
Sign'd
the
eighth
day
of
December
,
in
the
same
year
by
the
same
Duke
:
by
which
it
appears
,
that
his
courage
,
vigilancy
,
and
Wisdom
contributed
not
a
little
to
the
diversion
of
this
dangerous
storm
,
and
to
the
preservation
of
the
Kingdom
from
so
powerful
an
invasion
,
as
that
of
an
Army
consisting
of
forty
thousand
fighting
men
.
Yet
is
it
not
to
be
denyed
but
that
the
Duke
of
Guise
did
also
very
brave
service
in
this
occasion
;
he
defeated
great
numbers
of
them
both
at
Vilmory
,
and
at
Aulneau
:
but
in
the
condition
they
then
were
,
ruin'd
,
and
disarm'd
by
the
King
's
forecast
,
beaten
,
and
Disunited
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
Skirmishing
,
and
Practices
,
it
infinitely
much
facilitated
the
Duke
of
Guise
his
Victories
,
to
have
an
Enemy
reduc'd
to
such
streights
before
he
came
to
engage
them
.
But
if
the
War
was
carried
on
with
good
success
to
the
King
in
the
forementioned
engagements
,
things
succeeded
much
otherwise
on
his
Majesties
part
with
the
King
of
Navarre
:
for
the
Duke
of
Ioyeuse
having
precipitated
the
Battel
of
Coutras
,
the
advantage
of
his
Forces
having
blinded
him
even
to
a
Contempt
of
the
Enemy
(
an
ordinary
presage
of
Ruine
to
whoever
is
too
secure
of
his
Fortune
)
he
there
lost
the
Battel
,
The
loss
of
the
Battel
of
Coutras
.
with
his
Life
,
the
twentieth
of
October
,
in
the
same
year
;
together
with
as
considerable
a
number
of
Nobility
,
and
Gentry
,
as
have
almost
fallen
in
one
day
in
any
one
Battel
in
France
.
Some
have
believ'd
that
the
King
was
neither
so
much
displeas'd
at
the
loss
of
this
Battel
,
nor
conceiv'd
himself
so
much
prejudic'd
by
it
,
as
he
imagin'd
himself
eclips'd
by
the
Victory
he
soon
after
obtain'd
over
the
Strangers
;
a
deplorable
effect
of
this
Princes
misfortune
,
who
could
neither
be
afflicted
with
his
losses
,
nor
yet
absolutely
satisfied
with
his
success
.
We
have
already
told
you
the
Reasons
the
King
had
not
to
desire
the
King
of
Navarre's
Ruine
;
so
that
he
enjoyed
in
part
his
own
de●ire
in
the
loss
of
this
Battel
,
which
made
for
the
support
of
the
King
of
Navarre
,
and
his
Party
;
by
whose
assistance
he
thought
with
less
difficulty
to
mate
the
ambitious
Designs
of
the
League
:
Whereas
the
Victory
obtain'd
over
the
Reiters
,
only
serv'd
to
augment
the
Duke
of
Guise's
Glory
,
who
was
his
real
,
and
capital
Enemy
.
Hence
therefore
proceeded
his
disquiet
,
and
affliction
;
and
this
was
it
that
turn'd
even
the
prosperous
successes
of
his
Arms
to
his
vexation
,
and
trouble
.
His
Majesty
fearing
left
the
Duke
of
Guise
puft
up
with
the
vanity
of
the
popular
esteem
,
and
the
opinion
of
his
own
merit
,
should
take
upon
him
the
assurance
to
ask
some
of
the
Offices
,
which
were
vacant
by
the
Duke
of
Ioyeuse
his
Decease
,
conferr'd
them
all
immediately
upon
the
Duke
of
Espernon
;
who
was
in
one
day
made
Admiral
of
France
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon
gratified
with
all
the
Offices
vacant
by
the
Death
of
the
Duke
of
Ioyeuse
.
Governour
of
Normandy
,
Caen
,
and
Havre
de
Grace
:
and
the
dispatches
were
deliver'd
to
him
at
Gergeau
,
the
seventh
of
November
,
1587.
the
Death
of
the
Duke
of
Ioyeuse
hapning
but
in
the
end
of
October
the
same
year
.
Neither
was
this
the
only
advantage
the
Duke
reap'd
from
the
ill
success
of
this
Battel
;
for
his
Cousin
Bellegarde
,
Governour
of
Xaintonge
,
As
also
those
of
Bellegarde
kill'd
at
that
Battel
.
Angoumois
,
and
the
Country
of
Aulnis
,
having
there
receiv'd
a
mortal
Wound
,
and
dying
soon
after
,
the
Duke
had
also
the
Governments
vacant
by
his
decease
conferr'd
upon
him
:
which
,
as
we
shall
hereafter
see
,
at
his
departure
from
Court
afforded
him
the
benefit
of
a
secure
,
and
honourable
Retreat
.
Although
the
Victories
obtain'd
from
the
German
Army
were
very
great
,
and
of
great
moment
;
yet
were
not
the
Designs
of
the
Enemy
utterly
ruin'd
by
the
Defeat
,
and
Dissipation
of
those
Forces
beyond
the
Loire
.
For
the
Hugonot
Party
,
who
were
infinitely
solicitous
to
adde
all
the
vigour
and
encouragement
they
possibly
could
to
their
cause
,
were
principally
careful
to
re-inforce
Mounsieur
Lesdiguieres
,
who
was
effectually
a
very
brave
Commander
,
and
one
of
the
main
pillars
of
their
Faction
.
There
had
been
therefore
four
thousand
Swisse
drawn
out
of
the
main
Body
of
the
German
Army
,
Des
Memoires
de
la
Ligue
.
and
sent
away
into
Dauphine
to
assist
him
there
,
and
to
make
him
able
either
to
oppose
Mounsieur
de
la
Valette
,
or
(
if
Fortune
so
favour'd
their
Arms
)
absolutely
to
drive
him
out
of
that
Province
,
a
Force
,
like
enough
to
cut
out
a
great
deal
of
work
in
those
parts
:
But
la
Valette's
Fortune
being
here
constant
to
his
Valour
,
their
coming
only
administred
to
him
an
opportunity
,
wherein
to
share
with
the
Duke
his
Brother
the
Honour
that
was
to
be
acquir'd
in
the
Defeat
of
that
Foreign
Enemy
:
For
opposing
that
great
Body
with
only
two
thousand
Foot
,
and
three
hundred
Horse
,
he
cut
them
all
off
in
their
passage
over
the
River
Lizere
.
Mounsieur
de
la
Valette
Def●●●●
part
of
the
Fore●gn
Army
.
De
●hou
.
Mounsieur
de
Thou
says
that
there
were
not
fifty
Prisoners
remaining
;
so
that
this
may
be
reckoned
amongst
the
other
great
losses
that
Nation
sustain'd
in
this
Expedition
.
And
that
which
makes
it
yet
more
remarkable
,
is
,
that
Lesdiguieres
,
and
Chatillon
being
advanc'd
on
the
other
side
of
the
River
with
three
thousand
Foot
,
and
six
hundred
Horse
to
favour
their
passage
,
were
beaten
back
,
and
constrain'd
to
look
on
,
whilst
their
Confederates
were
all
cut
in
pieces
before
their
eyes
,
without
being
able
to
give
them
the
least
assistance
.
By
this
handsome
action
so
happily
perform'd
,
the
hopes
those
of
the
Religion
had
conceiv'd
,
of
reaping
any
signal
advantage
from
their
Victory
at
the
Battel
of
Coutras
,
and
by
uniting
with
the
Foreign
Army
,
were
utterly
frustrated
.
Neither
can
I
forbear
in
this
place
to
give
Colonel
[
](A42794-e23340-b)*
*
The
same
who
in
D'
Avila
is
called
Alphonso
Corso
.
Aphonso
,
afterward
Mareschal
d'
Ornano
,
his
due
share
of
honour
,
who
fought
it
with
singular
Valour
;
but
still
under
Mounsieur
de
la
Valette's
Conduct
,
and
by
his
directions
;
with
whom
no
man
can
dispute
the
absolute
honour
of
that
notable
Defeat
,
After
so
many
brave
exploits
atchiev'd
by
the
King
for
the
defense
of
his
Kingdom
,
Anno
1588.
and
after
so
considerable
services
perform'd
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
and
by
la
Valette
his
Brother
,
for
the
publick
safety
;
who
would
have
imagin'd
but
that
his
Majesty
should
have
been
welcom'd
home
with
a
thousand
blessings
of
his
people
,
and
that
so
good
Subjects
should
have
received
the
praises
due
to
their
Fidelity
,
and
Valour
?
Nevertheless
all
these
Victories
,
with
the
care
,
industry
,
and
hazards
that
produc'd
them
,
wrought
a
quite
contrary
effect
▪
through
the
blind
affection
the
giddy
multitude
had
violently
plac'd
upon
the
Duke
of
Guise
.
There
was
now
no
other
discourse
at
Paris
but
of
him
;
the
Pulpits
,
Courts
,
and
Publick
Assemblies
rung
with
his
Name
:
it
is
to
him
only
that
they
owe
their
Lives
,
and
Liberties
,
and
't
is
only
his
presence
they
desire
.
The
King
's
own
Person
,
and
those
of
his
most
faithful
Servants
,
are
become
odious
to
the
Parisians
.
They
talk
high
of
transferring
the
Regal
Dignity
to
the
Duke
of
Guise
.
They
scatter
up
and
down
Printed
Libels
,
wherein
from
railing
against
the
King
,
proceeding
on
to
the
King
of
Navarre
,
they
would
have
him
declar'd
incapable
of
succession
to
the
Crown
,
to
the
end
there
might
remain
no
title
to
dispute
the
Duke
of
Guise's
Possession
.
Nay
to
such
a
contempt
of
his
Person
and
Royal
Dignity
they
were
grown
at
last
,
that
these
discourses
were
frequent
,
and
loud
in
the
Kings
own
Family
;
his
most
oblig'd
Servants
not
daring
almost
to
reply
;
renouncing
by
that
poor
and
unmanly
toleration
,
their
own
interest
,
whilst
they
abandoned
that
of
their
Sovereign
and
Benefactor
.
Neither
was
there
any
,
save
only
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
a
man
that
slighted
his
own
danger
,
and
despis'd
the
malice
of
all
mankind
,
when
his
Masters
Honour
lay
in
the
Ballance
,
who
generously
expos'd
himself
upon
all
occasions
,
to
the
publick
violence
,
that
he
might
preserve
the
integrity
of
his
Duty
.
Of
which
to
give
you
an
instance
,
it
hapned
one
day
,
in
a
great
deal
of
company
,
that
the
Archbishop
of
Lions
,
a
Prelate
of
a
ready
Wit
,
and
great
Elocution
,
but
passionately
zealous
for
the
League
,
openly
maintain'd
,
That
the
Pope
had
Power
to
absolve
Subjects
from
their
Allegiance
to
their
lawful
Prince
:
To
which
the
Duke
highly
offended
,
as
he
had
reason
to
be
at
so
dangerous
an
Argument
,
made
answer
before
them
all
,
That
it
would
be
as
hard
to
perswade
him
to
that
,
as
to
make
him
believe
that
the
Pope
could
grant
a
Dispensation
to
a
Prelate
to
lie
with
his
own
Sister
:
Now
you
must
know
it
was
generally
believ'd
at
Court
,
that
this
Prelate
was
too
familiar
with
a
person
related
to
him
in
that
degree
;
and
as
injuries
make
the
deeper
impression
,
by
how
much
nearer
they
approach
to
truth
:
this
so
touch'd
him
to
the
quick
,
that
he
from
thenceforward
conceiv'd
against
the
Duke
a
mortal
,
and
implacable
hatred
.
Neither
was
he
long
in
finding
out
a
way
openly
to
express
it
;
for
his
Arms
being
his
Tongue
,
and
his
Pen
(
reputed
one
of
the
most
eloquent
of
his
time
)
he
employ'd
them
both
with
all
the
rancour
imaginable
,
to
blemish
the
Duke's
Honour
;
he
set
upon
him
with
a
thousand
injurious
Writings
;
nor
did
he
fail
,
for
so
much
as
in
him
lay
,
to
stir
up
a
popular
Fury
against
his
Life
.
Neither
did
the
Duke
of
Guise
labour
his
overthrow
with
less
vehemency
on
his
part
,
than
the
Bishop
did
on
his
:
and
as
he
knew
the
Duke's
Interest
to
be
very
great
,
and
his
spirit
inflexible
,
and
hardly
to
be
reconcil'd
;
so
was
he
not
content
to
endeavour
his
ruine
obliquely
,
and
underhand
,
but
openly
declar'd
himself
the
Author
of
what
he
did
,
the
better
to
effect
his
desire
.
And
see
the
means
he
persu'd
to
work
his
purpose
.
After
the
Reiters
were
driven
out
of
the
Kingdom
,
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
accompanied
with
the
principal
Heads
of
his
Party
,
retir'd
to
Nancy
;
where
seeing
the
great
Forces
he
had
about
him
,
and
promising
to
himself
wonders
from
the
precipitous
affection
of
the
People
,
he
resolv'd
to
prepare
some
Articles
,
which
should
be
presented
to
the
King
in
the
Name
of
the
League
:
Wherein
,
as
he
conceiv●d
himself
in
a
condition
to
carry
by
a
high
hand
,
whatsoever
he
should
propose
,
he
principally
insisted
upon
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
removal
from
Court
;
pretending
him
to
be
a
great
abettor
of
the
Hereticks
,
the
better
to
colour
the
persecution
he
intended
against
him
:
interpreting
after
this
sort
the
affection
the
Duke
had
for
the
King
of
Navarre
,
and
for
all
the
Royal
Family
,
though
grounded
upon
principles
far
distant
from
being
any
ways
interested
in
that
Princes
Religion
,
as
his
actions
ever
had
,
and
then
did
most
clearly
demonstrate
.
But
as
it
was
very
unlikely
that
the
King
to
satisfie
his
Enemies
,
should
consent
to
the
disgrace
of
his
beloved
Favourite
,
the
Leaguers
of
Paris
,
to
impose
upon
him
a
necessity
of
accomplishing
the
desires
of
their
Party
,
conspir'd
thenceforward
to
seize
upon
the
person
of
the
King
,
that
so
they
might
remove
all
future
difficulties
that
might
lie
in
the
way
of
their
Designs
:
neither
did
they
fail
much
of
executing
that
accursed
Resolution
.
The
Council
of
sixteen
was
at
that
time
first
set
up
in
Paris
;
neither
is
any
ignorant
what
that
Council
was
,
how
impudent
their
Proceedings
,
and
how
great
their
Authority
with
the
People
,
even
in
the
very
face
of
the
King
himself
.
In
this
Council
it
was
one
day
agreed
upon
to
seize
upon
the
King
as
he
came
from
hunting
from
the
Bois
de
Vencennes
;
D'
Avila
.
and
it
had
accordingly
been
executed
,
had
not
the
King
(
advertiz'd
of
their
purpose
)
doubled
his
Guards
at
his
return
.
That
Plot
therefore
failing
,
A
Conspiracy
of
the
sixteen
upon
the
Kings
Person
.
there
were
divers
other
Ambuscado's
laid
for
him
during
the
Carnival
,
that
often
put
him
in
great
danger
of
being
made
a
Prisoner
to
his
own
Subjects
;
which
being
all
happily
evaded
,
by
the
timely
information
of
one
Nicholas
Poulin
,
a
Lieutenant
in
the
Provosty
of
the
Isle
of
France
,
who
was
privy
to
all
these
Cabals
:
Many
of
the
Court
,
(
who
(
as
it
is
believ'd
)
favour'd
the
Designs
of
the
League
)
endeavour'd
to
render
Poulin's
Intelligence
suspected
,
that
the
King
discrediting
his
report
,
might
at
one
time
or
another
fall
into
his
Enemies
snare
:
But
the
Duke
of
Espernon
in
an
occasion
of
this
consequence
,
making
no
difficulty
of
hazarding
his
own
life
,
to
search
out
the
depth
of
these
practices
,
franckly
expos'd
himself
to
infinite
danger
,
that
so
he
might
discover
the
certainty
of
so
necessary
,
and
so
important
a
truth
.
Being
therefore
advertis'd
by
the
same
Poulin
,
that
the
sixteen
had
concluded
an
Assassinate
upon
him
himself
at
the
Fair
of
St.
Germains
,
whither
the
Duke
usually
repair'd
to
divert
himself
,
Du
journal
de
Henry
III.
with
the
entertainments
of
the
season
;
he
resolv'd
to
run
the
hazard
,
and
accordingly
went
.
The
Plot
was
to
have
been
executed
by
the
Scholars
,
under
whose
name
the
Inhabitants
of
the
Suburbs
of
St.
Germains
were
order'd
to
slip
in
to
fortifie
the
attempt
;
all
which
being
discover'd
to
the
Duke
,
it
was
certainly
a
dangerous
,
and
almost
desperate
adventure
,
he
thrust
himself
into
;
and
which
must
proceed
from
an
unparallel'd
affection
,
and
a
vertuous
care
he
had
of
his
Princes
safety
,
to
run
so
great
a
hazard
in
so
critical
a
time
,
when
even
the
Court
it self
was
corrupted
in
the
Conspirators
favour
.
And
the
Duke
might
excusably
enough
have
forborn
going
to
a
place
where
the
danger
was
immediately
directed
against
his
own
person
,
and
might
have
made
the
experiment
,
and
have
penetrated
into
the
bottom
of
this
Conspiracy
,
by
another
,
without
endangering
his
own
life
:
and
doubtless
he
had
done
so
,
had
he
had
only
his
own
Interest
to
consider
in
the
case
;
but
then
things
would
afterwards
have
been
left
doubtful
,
and
the
King's
life
had
been
still
expos'd
in
the
uncertainty
of
the
truth
of
those
cautions
had
been
given
him
;
which
the
Duke
resolv'd
by
all
wayes
imaginable
to
put
out
of
future
danger
.
He
went
therefore
to
the
place
where
he
knew
himself
to
be
threatned
with
death
;
but
that
could
not
affright
him
,
provided
he
might
secure
the
life
of
his
Master
;
and
being
thither
come
,
found
the
intelligence
had
been
given
him
,
to
be
punctually
true
:
neither
did
they
fail
much
of
effecting
their
design
;
for
a
sort
of
young
people
being
gather'd
about
him
,
began
to
murmur
,
and
from
murmuring
grew
lowder
into
clamours
,
making
shew
at
last
,
as
if
they
would
proceed
to
execute
what
they
threatned
:
whereat
the
Duke
not
frighted
with
their
noise
,
put
himself
into
a
posture
to
resist
the
violence
intended
against
him
;
by
which
resolute
carriage
,
having
with
as
much
courage
,
as
good
fortune
,
disingag'd
himself
,
he
leisurely
retyr'd
towards
the
Louvre
,
not
a
man
daring
to
attempt
any
thing
upon
him
,
as
if
even
his
Enemies
had
been
struck
with
a
kind
of
reverence
due
to
so
brave
,
and
so
honourable
an
Action
.
After
there
was
no
further
doubt
to
be
made
,
but
that
Poulin's
intelligence
was
true
;
and
by
how
much
the
King's
danger
still
encreas'd
,
by
so
much
the
greater
was
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
diligence
,
zeal
,
and
ardour
for
the
security
of
his
Majesties
Person
:
so
that
there
passed
not
a
night
,
wherein
sometimes
with
two
,
sometimes
with
three
,
or
four
Companies
of
the
Regiment
of
Guards
,
he
walk'd
not
the
Round
into
the
most
seditious
Quarters
of
the
City
:
and
if
at
any
time
he
had
notice
of
any
extraordinary
Assembly
,
thither
it
was
that
he
immediately
repair'd
with
a
stronger
Party
;
nor
did
he
ever
go
to
rest
,
till
he
had
first
settled
all
things
quiet
,
and
had
carefully
provided
for
his
Masters
safety
.
So
that
it
is
not
to
be
believ'd
how
many
of
the
Enemies
Conspiracies
against
the
King's
Person
,
were
countermin'd
,
and
frustrated
,
by
his
vigilancy
and
diligence
.
The
sixteen
seeing
their
Designs
thus
travers'd
,
and
fearing
to
be
prevented
(
for
they
now
no
longer
doubted
but
that
their
Treasons
were
discover'd
)
dispatch'd
away
in
all
haste
to
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
pressing
him
by
all
means
,
to
make
what
speed
he
could
to
Paris
;
hoping
by
his
arrival
in
the
first
place
to
be
sheltred
from
the
King's
Justice
,
and
in
the
next
to
reap
the
fruits
of
their
inordinate
desires
▪
Neither
was
the
Duke
long
deliberating
upon
this
Journey
;
the
time
as
he
conceiv'd
,
being
as
favourable
,
as
he
could
possibly
wish
,
for
him
to
raise
his
Fortune
to
that
prodigious
height
,
to
which
his
ambition
had
already
design'd
it
:
For
the
danger
of
the
Foreign
Army
being
already
blown
over
,
and
the
King
of
Navarre
so
depress'd
since
,
that
it
was
almost
impossible
for
him
ever
to
rise
again
,
he
thought
he
could
never
meet
with
so
happy
an
occasion
,
and
consequently
prepar'd
himself
without
further
delay
for
his
Journey
▪
Of
which
resolution
the
King
being
advertis'd
,
and
knowing
that
he
was
now
on
his
way
,
and
already
advanc'd
as
far
as
Soissons
,
he
dispatch'd
away
the
Sieur
de
Bellieure
to
meet
him
,
and
to
forbid
him
from
coming
to
Paris
;
a
command
that
added
spurs
to
his
desire
,
which
usually
in
great
spirits
grows
most
violent
,
where
it
meets
with
most
difficulty
,
and
is
most
eager
when
most
forbidden
.
But
by
this
message
the
Duke
presently
imagining
that
his
Designs
were
discover'd
,
and
doubting
that
if
he
did
longer
defer
to
drive
them
on
to
their
intended
end
,
he
was
in
danger
to
be
prevented
,
and
to
see
himself
involv'd
in
the
disaster
,
that
commonly
attends
men
who
deliberate
too
long
upon
the
execution
of
great
Enterprizes
,
he
made
all
the
haste
he
possibly
could
;
and
turning
aside
from
the
ordinary
Road
,
for
fear
of
meeting
another
command
,
which
notwithstanding
(
his
Ambition
still
presenting
to
him
the
image
of
that
greatness
to
which
he
aspir'd
)
he
was
resolute
not
to
obey
;
he
came
at
●ast
with
extraordinary
diligence
to
Paris
,
surprizing
all
men
with
his
sudden
and
unexpected
arrival
.
At
this
time
(
which
made
still
better
for
the
Duke
of
Guise
)
the
Duke
of
Espernon
was
gone
to
take
possession
of
his
Government
of
Normandy
:
where
he
had
been
receiv'd
with
great
acclamations
of
the
people
both
at
Rouen
,
Caen
,
and
the
other
principal
Cities
of
that
Province
;
so
that
all
places
there
continued
quiet
,
and
firm
in
the
King's
Obedience
,
Havre
de
Grace
only
excepted
,
which
alone
stood
out
for
the
League
▪
But
before
the
Duke's
departure
into
Normandy
,
the
King
having
(
as
it
was
his
custom
)
taken
him
one
day
in
his
company
to
●resne
,
his
Majesty
there
in
a
private
Conference
discover'd
to
him
the
trouble
,
and
disquiet
the
Duke
of
Guise's
Resolution
of
coming
to
Paris
had
put
him
into
,
with
the
danger
,
to
which
his
arrival
(
the
absolute
power
the
Duke
had
with
the
People
duly
consider'd
)
would
expose
both
his
Person
,
and
Affairs
;
and
there
his
mind
equally
possest
with
foresight
,
and
jealousie
,
making
him
penetrate
into
the
events
of
things
,
as
if
they
had
been
present
before
him
,
he
prophesied
to
the
Duke
almost
all
the
misfortunes
that
befel
him
in
a
few
days
after
.
Whereupon
the
Duke
freely
told
him
that
he
saw
only
one
way
to
avoid
those
mischiefs
his
Majesty
foresaw
,
and
that
was
to
cause
the
Duke's
Head
to
be
strook
off
,
even
in
the
Louvre
it self
,
should
he
be
so
impudent
as
to
come
to
Paris
contrary
to
his
Majesties
express
command
;
an
advice
which
he
fortified
with
so
many
reasons
,
that
the
King
bound
himself
with
an
Oath
to
do
it
;
though
when
it
came
to
the
test
,
his
resolution
appear'd
no
more
constant
in
this
than
it
had
done
before
in
other
occasions
,
as
we
shall
presently
see
.
But
if
things
were
thus
determin'd
on
the
King's
part
,
the
Duke
of
Guise
was
no
less
diligent
on
his
,
and
had
omitted
nothing
that
might
any
way
conduce
to
the
effecting
of
his
Designs
:
and
that
he
might
not
,
at
his
coming
to
Paris
,
lie
at
the
mercy
of
his
Enemies
,
he
had
secretly
,
and
by
several
ways
sent
thither
divers
of
his
best
Commanders
beforehand
,
with
order
to
prepare
all
those
of
his
Faction
in
readiness
to
appear
in
Arms
upon
the
first
occasion
:
and
having
thus
provided
for
his
safety
,
came
himself
to
the
City
the
ninth
of
May
,
in
the
year
1588.
and
attended
only
with
[
](A42794-e24040-b)*
*
D'
Avila
says
but
seven
,
De
S●rres
says
eight
.
twelve
,
or
fifteen
Gentlemen
alighted
at
the
Queen
Mothers
Lodgings
;
who
though
infinitely
surpriz'd
at
his
coming
,
went
immediately
along
with
him
to
the
King
:
by
whom
he
was
receiv'd
(
notwithstanding
that
his
Majesty
had
been
before
disswaded
from
his
first
resolution
)
with
so
great
a
disorder
in
his
countenance
,
as
plainly
denoted
the
contrary
passions
,
that
were
then
strugling
in
his
mind
.
Which
the
Queen
Mother
perceiving
,
and
knowing
what
a
determination
the
King
had
put
on
against
him
;
the
execution
of
which
she
perhaps
thought
neither
safe
,
nor
easie
;
or
perhaps
willing
to
preserve
the
Duke
,
she
took
the
King
aside
,
and
wrought
so
effectually
with
him
,
that
she
absolutely
chang'd
his
mind
(
which
was
then
wavering
,
and
irresolute
)
from
his
premeditated
purpose
.
Yet
could
she
not
so
qualifie
and
appease
him
,
but
that
he
gave
the
Duke
of
Guise
very
manifest
tokens
of
the
highest
Indignation
:
but
after
a
few
words
,
and
those
exceedingly
bitter
on
the
Kings
part
,
the
Duke
retyr'd
to
his
own
house
,
where
he
more
than
ever
continued
his
ambitious
Designs
,
and
seditio●s
Practices
.
For
his
vast
Courage
,
the
excess
of
which
had
rais'd
him
above
the
condition
,
and
debauch'd
him
from
the
obedience
of
a
Subject
,
would
(
as
it
is
believ'd
)
now
perfect
the
work
had
been
so
long
before
contriv'd
,
and
strike
home
to
the
main
Design
.
All
which
though
the
King
very
well
knew
,
and
though
he
endeavour'd
all
he
could
to
prevent
him
,
and
to
deprive
him
of
those
means
by
which
he
was
most
likely
to
effect
his
purpose
;
yet
those
his
Majesty
employ'd
,
proving
too
weak
to
divert
so
great
a
mischief
by
their
vain
oppositions
,
only
made
the
Torrent
to
swell
higher
,
which
soon
after
overflow'd
the
Banks
with
greater
violence
.
All
the
world
has
heard
of
the
Barricades
of
Paris
,
The
Barricades
.
a
day
of
all
others
the
most
infamous
to
the
French
Name
,
and
to
the
inviolate
respect
that
Nation
has
ever
born
to
their
natural
Princes
,
that
ever
hapned
since
the
first
foundation
of
that
Monarchy
.
Of
which
,
to
write
the
particulars
,
were
to
deviate
impertinently
from
my
Subject
:
It
shall
therefore
be
sufficient
to
say
,
that
the
Duke
of
Espernon
was
not
at
Paris
,
when
this
disorder
fell
;
but
they
there
found
his
richest
furniture
,
upon
which
the
hatred
,
and
avarice
of
the
people
wreak'd
their
utmost
spleen
,
and
extremest
rancour
.
This
storm
of
popular
fury
having
continued
the
space
of
three
days
without
intermission
,
or
abatement
;
and
the
King
,
after
the
disarming
of
his
Guards
,
and
some
other
Forces
he
had
then
in
Paris
,
having
now
no
means
left
to
defend
his
Person
,
which
he
saw
in
danger
every
moment
to
fall
into
his
Enemies
hands
;
the
multitude
preparing
on
every
side
to
beset
the
Louvre
,
he
made
a
vertue
of
necessity
:
and
to
evade
the
danger
that
still
encreas'd
upon
him
,
walking
out
at
the
back
Gate
of
the
Tuilleries
,
he
presently
took
Horse
in
the
Garden
near
to
the
Stables
,
and
,
attended
only
by
sixteen
Gentlemen
,
The
King
retires
to
Chartres
.
retir'd
with
all
possible
diligence
to
Chartres
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon
was
no
sooner
advertiz'd
of
this
disorder
,
but
that
he
presently
hasted
from
Rouen
(
where
the
news
was
first
brought
him
)
to
the
King
;
The
Duke
of
Espernon's
arrival
at
Chartr●s
.
and
as
he
did
believe
,
with
very
good
reason
,
that
his
Majesties
Enemies
would
not
satisfie
themselves
with
what
they
had
already
done
,
so
he
thought
it
fit
to
go
well
accompanied
;
neither
did
he
a
little
revive
the
Court
at
his
arrival
,
having
above
five
hundred
Gentlemen
in
his
Train
.
They
who
have
undertaken
the
History
of
that
time
,
variously
report
the
Duke's
Reception
at
this
place
:
D'
Avila
says
his
entertainment
was
very
cold
,
and
that
the
King
looking
upon
him
as
his
Enemies
Pretense
,
for
all
the
mischiefs
they
did
,
began
to
distaste
him
;
yet
he
says
soon
after
with
a
kind
of
contradiction
,
that
his
Majesty
never
went
less
in
his
affection
to
him
,
nor
in
the
confidence
he
repos'd
in
him
,
from
the
first
beginning
of
his
Favour
.
Contradictions
amongst
the
Historians
about
the
Duke's
Reception
at
Court
.
Others
write
that
he
was
receiv'd
with
great
demonstrations
of
Favour
and
Esteem
:
of
which
both
the
one
and
the
other
say
true
;
observing
the
due
order
of
that
little
space
betwixt
the
Dukes
Entertainment
at
his
first
arrival
,
and
that
he
receiv'd
after
he
had
been
two
hours
in
private
Conference
with
the
King
.
It
is
most
certain
that
this
Prince
afflicted
with
his
Misfortunes
,
and
reduc'd
more
than
ever
to
the
necessity
of
dissimulation
,
did
not
at
first
receive
him
with
that
excess
of
kindness
he
had
formerly
done
;
and
it
is
likewise
true
,
that
apprehending
at
first
sight
some
just
reproach
from
the
Duke
's
passionate
affection
to
his
Service
,
for
that
his
Majesty
had
not
put
in
execution
what
he
had
resolv'd
upon
at
Fresne
,
his
Majesty
put
on
an
unusual
gravity
at
his
arrival
:
But
after
he
had
talked
with
him
,
and
that
the
Duke
who
was
too
discreet
,
at
such
a
time
,
to
offer
the
least
syllable
that
might
afflict
his
Master
,
had
on
the
contrary
rais'd
his
Spirits
with
new
hopes
,
he
then
opened
his
Bosom
to
him
more
than
ever
;
and
having
receiv'd
his
wonted
good
Counsels
,
entertain'd
again
the
joy
,
and
vigour
,
which
seem'd
to
have
been
stifled
in
his
Misfortunes
,
and
began
to
meditate
the
means
,
and
that
with
good
hopes
of
success
,
of
restoring
his
Affairs
to
their
former
Condition
.
And
then
it
was
that
he
caress'd
the
Duke
with
his
accustomed
freedom
,
honouring
him
in
publick
with
as
high
demonstrations
of
Favour
,
as
ever
.
It
was
at
this
Conference
,
that
the
Duke
gave
his
Majesty
an
accompt
of
his
Voyage
,
of
the
good
condition
,
wherein
he
had
left
his
Government
,
and
what
his
Majesty
might
expect
from
thence
:
How
all
things
were
so
well
dispos'd
there
,
that
excepting
Havre
de
Grace
,
the
League
possess'd
nothing
in
that
Province
;
and
that
even
he
who
commanded
there
,
had
given
very
good
hopes
of
returning
shortly
to
his
Duty
:
That
the
Sieur
de
Cara●ges
,
Governour
of
Rouen
,
formerly
enclin'd
to
favour
the
League
,
was
made
firm
to
his
Majesties
Service
,
and
that
the
people
in
general
were
as
well
dispos●d
,
as
good
Subjects
could
possibly
be
:
An
Account
so
highly
satisfactory
to
the
King
,
that
he
presently
●esolv'd
upon
a
Journey
into
that
Province
;
it
seeming
to
him
neither
decent
,
nor
suiting
with
his
Honour
to
continue
at
Chartres
;
where
to
make
a
longer
stay
,
would
look
,
as
if
he
were
there
shut
up
,
and
forbidden
all
the
other
parts
of
his
Kingdom
.
Neither
was
it
without
design
,
that
the
Duke
spoke
so
advantageously
to
the
King
of
the
Forces
of
Normandy
:
And
he
could
have
wisht
his
Majesty
had
conceiv'd
the
same
opinion
of
all
his
other
Provinces
;
to
the
end
that
growing
confident
of
his
own
Power
,
he
might
entertain
the
thoughts
of
Arms
:
For
he
certainly
believ'd
,
that
should
his
Majesty
once
undertake
a
War
in
good
earnest
,
it
would
succeed
infinitely
to
his
advantage
;
that
he
would
soon
be
in
a
condition
to
re-establish
his
neglected
Authority
,
and
to
make
himself
fear'd
of
all
his
Subjects
.
But
the
King
had
already
form'd
other
Designs
,
and
the
Duke
of
Guise
seeming
to
him
so
strongly
supported
,
that
he
could
not
depress
him
by
open
force
,
without
endangering
at
once
himself
,
and
his
Kingdom
;
he
thought
it
safer
,
though
less
honourable
,
to
lull
him
asleep
with
the
hopes
of
Peace
,
than
by
open
War
to
provoke
his
already
approved
Power
.
The
Duke
of
Guise
also
seeing
the
King
escap'd
out
of
his
hands
,
and
that
he
could
no
more
impose
upon
him
those
conditions
he
had
propos'd
to
the
Queen
Mother
during
the
Barricades
,
was
likewise
not
averse
to
an
Accommodation
.
So
that
both
Parties
concurring
in
the
same
disposition
,
the
business
was
quickly
set
on
foot
by
the
Queen
Mother
;
who
as
she
had
been
of
the
first
,
was
now
the
Mediatrix
of
this
Peace
also
.
She
had
continued
at
Paris
after
the
King's
departure
,
and
had
not
fail'd
upon
all
occasions
to
possess
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
that
the
King
was
willing
to
be
reconcil'd
to
him
,
and
to
forgive
the
Parisians
upon
their
due
Submission
.
Whereupon
the
Duke
,
the
better
to
sound
the
King's
intention
herein
,
order'd
the
Parliament
to
attend
his
Majesty
at
Chartres
,
and
there
to
offer
him
the
first
excuses
for
a
fault
which
in
its
own
nature
admitted
none
:
But
the
Provost
des
Marchands
going
before
,
and
the
Eschevins
following
after
,
both
the
one
,
and
the
other
return'd
with
great
satisfaction
:
Which
the
Duke
of
Guise
seeing
,
and
interpreting
this
flexibility
in
the
King
to
an
effect
of
Fear
,
he
re●assum'd
his
former
hopes
,
and
again
set
on
foot
the
same
propositions
,
which
he
had
before
so
arrogantly
insisted
upon
;
to
wit
,
that
War
should
be
proclaim'd
against
the
King
of
Navarre
,
that
there
should
be
Convocation
of
the
States
General
,
and
that
the
Duke
of
Espernon
should
be
banish'd
from
Court
,
with
a
privation
of
all
his
Offices
:
Upon
which
last
Article
he
chiefly
insisted
,
openly
declaring
,
that
there
could
be
no
durable
Peace
,
nor
no
sincere
reconciliation
,
so
long
as
he
had
so
great
an
Enemy
as
the
Duke
in
the
Kings
Bosom
.
The
Queen
Mother
,
as
has
been
said
before
,
had
long
been
jealous
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
Power
,
with
the
King
her
Son
;
neither
indeed
could
she
well
brook
any
Favourites
,
but
those
who
stood
immediately
oblig'd
to
her
for
their
Fortune
;
an
humour
had
made
her
so
much
the
more
impatient
of
the
Duke's
greatness
,
because
it
was
an
advantage
for
which
he
was
indebted
to
none
,
but
to
his
Masters
bounty
.
She
had
often
therefore
prest
the
King
for
his
removal
,
as
the
only
means
to
satisfie
the
League
,
had
propounded
several
honourable
Employments
to
colour
his
disgrace
,
and
not
long
before
would
have
had
him
sent
Ambassadour
to
Rome
to
justifie
the
King
from
the
aspersions
,
the
League
had
cast
upon
him
to
the
Holy
Sea
:
but
his
Majesty
who
was
as
perfect
in
the
Nature
,
and
Designs
of
the
Queen
his
Mother
,
as
she
was
in
his
,
had
still
been
constant
to
his
Servants
Protection
;
and
the
Duke
,
having
been
bred
up
in
the
School
of
so
politick
a
Master
,
had
learn'd
so
much
cunning
,
as
had
hitherto
ever
rendred
all
those
Artifices
ineffectual
,
by
which
she
had
so
often
,
and
so
industriously
labour'd
his
Ruine
.
But
at
last
the
Queen
(
knowing
how
important
the
present
occasion
was
to
the
Kings
Repose
)
embrac'd
it
with
that
fervour
,
that
in
the
end
it
procur'd
the
Dukes
so
long
wish'd
for
removal
.
She
had
the
management
of
the
Treaty
in
hand
absolutely
committed
to
her
,
with
the
choice
of
any
two
of
the
King's
Council
to
assist
her
;
of
which
,
such
as
she
knew
were
affectionate
to
the
Duke
,
you
may
be
sure
msut
have
nothing
to
do
in
this
business
;
so
that
it
was
no
hard
matter
,
all
parties
concurring
in
the
same
design
to
conclude
his
disgrace
:
and
in
conclusion
,
the
King
was
plainly
told
,
that
it
was
absolutely
necessary
for
him
to
dismiss
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
if
his
Majesty
intended
to
have
that
Peace
,
he
seem'd
so
passionately
to
desire
.
To
the
same
end
there
was
then
Printed
a
Manifest
,
The
League
Print
a
Manifest
against
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
and
his
Brother
.
subscrib'd
by
the
Cardinal
of
Bourbon
,
as
Head
of
the
League
;
wherein
the
whole
Faction
were
very
importunate
for
the
Duke
's
total
Ruine
,
together
with
Mounsieur
de
la
Valette
his
Brother
;
his
bare
removal
from
Court
being
now
too
little
to
satisfie
their
Malice
:
the
League
in
this
sole
point
comprehending
the
suppression
of
the
Hugonot
Party
(
of
which
they
said
the
two
Brothers
were
the
Protectors
with
the
King
)
the
redress
of
the
people
(
opprest
to
enrich
them
)
and
the
satisfaction
of
the
great
ones
;
who
might
easily
be
contented
with
those
Offices
,
and
Governments
,
which
the
two
Brothers
now
possest
to
their
common
prejudice
.
The
Duke
who
very
well
foresaw
that
he
must
either
comply
with
the
time
,
or
reduce
the
King
to
a
necessity
of
taking
up
Arms
to
protect
him
(
which
would
have
made
him
responsible
to
his
Majesty
for
any
sinister
event
that
might
happen
)
chose
the
lesser
evil
;
The
Duke
resolves
to
give
way
to
the
time
,
and
to
retire
.
and
would
rather
alone
undertake
the
defense
of
his
own
Fortune
,
than
be
any
ways
the
occasion
of
so
great
a
mischief
.
He
saw
the
Kings
mind
perpetually
fluctuating
,
and
continually
alarm'd
with
the
Counsels
of
his
Enemies
;
which
,
in
his
Majesties
astonishment
,
grew
still
more
,
and
more
prevalent
with
him
;
he
saw
the
powerful
Faction
of
the
League
wholly
Arm'd
against
his
Person
;
neither
was
there
any
who
did
not
conclude
his
ruine
inevitable
in
so
dangerous
a
conjuncture
,
should
he
be
once
,
though
but
a
moment
,
remov'd
out
of
the
King's
Protection
:
but
he
had
courage
enough
to
run
the
hazard
,
and
his
undaunted
Spirit
(
notwithstanding
he
very
well
understood
his
danger
)
made
him
resolute
with
his
own
single
Interest
to
stand
the
shock
of
all
his
Adversaries
.
I
ought
here
to
adde
yet
another
Motive
the
Duke
had
to
retire
from
Court
,
a
thing
which
will
perhaps
hardly
be
believ'd
,
though
it
be
precisely
true
:
but
it
merits
a
due
place
in
the
Duke's
History
,
as
the
noblest
testimony
of
a
generous
heart
,
and
this
it
was
.
The
Duke
had
understood
something
of
the
King's
intention
to
cut
off
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
by
those
ways
by
which
it
was
afterwards
effected
at
Blois
;
and
not
being
able
to
divert
that
resolution
,
he
chose
rather
to
absent
himself
,
than
to
be
present
at
an
action
he
thought
so
unworthy
of
his
Masters
Authority
,
and
Greatness
,
though
it
redounded
to
his
own
particular
preservation
.
'T
is
true
,
that
in
the
first
motions
of
the
League
,
he
had
advis'd
the
King
to
take
up
Arms
,
to
chastise
him
;
that
he
had
afterwards
counsell'd
him
to
cut
off
his
Head
at
the
very
Gate
of
the
Louvre
,
when
the
Duke
came
in
contempt
of
his
command
to
raise
that
Commotion
in
Paris
;
and
that
he
had
offer'd
himself
to
fight
him
hand
to
hand
in
Duel
;
but
he
could
by
no
means
consent
that
his
Majesty
should
commit
an
Act
so
unworthy
of
his
Name
:
And
this
in
truth
was
as
powerful
a
Motive
as
any
,
to
oblige
him
to
retire
.
There
is
great
diversity
of
Opinions
amongst
the
Historians
of
that
time
about
this
retirement
of
the
Dukes
,
whether
,
or
no
,
it
were
franckly
;
and
of
his
own
motion
;
whether
he
were
dismist
with
the
King
's
good
Opinion
,
and
Favour
;
or
whether
he
went
not
away
in
a
real
disgrace
;
which
they
severally
report
,
Several
opinions
upon
the
Dukes
retirement
.
every
man
according
to
his
particular
passion
:
But
D'
Avila
much
better
inform'd
in
the
Affairs
of
the
Cabinet
,
than
the
rest
,
enclines
to
the
more
favourable
opinion
,
and
says
(
very
truly
)
that
the
Duke
resolv'd
upon
this
retirement
of
his
own
voluntary
inclination
,
and
that
to
the
King
's
great
grief
;
who
notwithstanding
,
compell'd
by
the
necessity
of
the
conditions
imposed
upon
him
in
the
Articles
of
Peace
,
consented
to
it
:
And
of
this
truth
there
are
two
evident
proofs
;
One
,
the
great
familiarity
,
and
privacy
the
Duke
had
with
the
King
some
days
before
his
departure
:
and
the
same
D'Avila
records
,
a
very
remarkable
,
and
a
very
true
passage
upon
this
occasion
.
That
the
night
preceding
this
separation
,
the
Abbot
del
Bene
,
a
great
confident
of
the
Duke's
,
and
a
man
in
great
esteem
with
the
King
,
for
his
excellent
parts
,
(
of
which
his
Majesty
made
continual
use
in
his
Politicks
,
a
study
in
which
he
was
strictly
regular
)
was
shut
up
alone
with
the
King
in
his
Cabinet
for
many
hours
;
not
so
much
as
the
Grooms
of
his
Majesties
Chamber
permitted
to
come
in
all
the
while
;
by
which
he
conjectures
,
and
very
rightly
,
that
his
Conference
was
in
order
to
some
Instructions
,
which
were
to
be
convey'd
by
the
Abbot
(
who
was
to
accompany
him
in
his
retirement
)
to
the
Duke
,
for
his
future
Conduct
,
during
the
time
of
his
absence
:
And
I
have
heard
the
Duke
say
,
that
he
never
in
all
his
life
receiv'd
so
many
Testimonies
of
his
Masters
Affection
,
as
he
did
at
this
time
.
His
Majesty
being
pleas'd
not
only
to
chalk
him
out
what
he
would
have
him
do
,
and
what
he
would
have
him
avoid
,
during
his
retirement
;
but
also
adding
a
thousand
Protestations
,
that
he
would
sooner
abandon
his
Crown
,
than
his
protection
;
and
that
he
had
not
consented
to
his
departure
,
but
with
a
resolution
to
recall
him
speedily
back
to
Court
with
greater
Honour
,
and
to
confer
upon
him
greater
advantages
,
than
he
had
ever
yet
done
:
Commanding
at
the
same
time
the
Abbot
del
Bene
,
not
to
stir
from
him
,
to
have
a
care
of
his
Person
,
and
to
be
assisting
to
him
with
his
Counsels
,
in
whatever
Accidents
might
happen
,
and
in
all
the
difficulties
,
and
dangers
he
well
foresaw
would
by
his
Enemies
be
prepar'd
against
him
.
The
other
proof
,
that
the
Duke
was
dismist
in
a
high
state
of
Favour
,
was
this
,
that
his
Majesty
made
him
at
his
departure
,
Generalissimo
of
his
Armies
in
the
Provinces
of
Anjou
,
Maine
,
Perche
,
Poictou
,
Xaintonge
,
Angoumois
,
and
the
Country
of
Aulnis
,
with
absolute
Power
to
command
:
which
certainly
he
would
never
have
done
,
had
his
disgrace
been
really
true
,
and
not
meerly
dissembled
to
satisfie
the
insolent
demands
of
the
League
,
and
to
comply
with
the
necessity
of
the
time
.
Things
being
thus
dispos'd
,
the
Duke
went
to
take
his
leave
of
the
King
,
and
to
receive
his
Majesties
final
Commands
;
where
,
his
affection
in
so
great
an
extremity
,
suggesting
to
him
the
honest
liberty
,
a
passionate
,
and
faithful
Subject
may
justly
take
,
he
freely
told
him
,
That
it
was
not
without
an
extraordinary
violence
upon
himself
,
that
he
came
to
beg
leave
of
his
Majesty
,
that
he
might
retire
into
his
Governments
,
where
he
hop'd
nevertheless
to
do
his
Majesty
better
service
,
than
if
he
should
continue
about
his
Person
.
That
to
his
extreme
grief
he
saw
of
late
his
Majesties
safest
Determinations
,
and
the
Counsels
of
his
most
faithful
Servants
perverted
by
the
Artifices
of
those
evil
Ministers
,
who
had
usurp'd
a
greater
share
in
his
Royal
Trust
,
and
Confidence
,
than
was
consistent
with
the
prosperity
of
his
Affairs
.
That
the
Queen
his
Mother
(
however
an
excellent
and
prudent
Princess
)
was
notwithstanding
abus'd
,
as
his
Majesty
himself
was
.
That
seeing
no
cure
for
this
evil
,
he
had
rather
chosen
to
deprive
himself
of
the
Honour
of
being
near
his
Majesties
Person
,
than
to
be
an
unprofitable
Spectator
of
those
inconveniences
into
which
his
evil
Counsellors
were
about
to
precipitate
his
Affairs
.
That
as
to
that
hour
no
man
could
reproach
him
that
any
of
his
Actions
had
been
contrary
to
his
Majesties
Service
;
so
he
would
not
for
the
future
,
by
a
toleration
unworthy
a
good
Subject
,
and
an
honest
Man
,
draw
any
jealousie
upon
his
Intentions
.
That
by
an
excess
of
bounty
,
and
oftentimes
contrary
to
his
own
desire
,
his
Majesty
had
enrich'd
him
with
so
many
Possessions
,
Honours
,
and
Offices
,
that
he
had
nothing
left
to
desire
of
Heaven
,
but
Moderation
in
a
Prosperity
rais'd
so
infinitely
beyond
his
Hopes
.
That
having
receiv'd
these
benefits
to
no
other
end
,
than
to
employ
them
in
his
Majesties
Service
,
he
should
be
ready
to
surrender
all
upon
command
,
if
by
his
Spoils
any
advantage
might
accrue
to
his
Majesties
Affairs
.
That
for
the
sum
of
all
Obligation
,
and
for
a
final
Testimony
of
his
Majesties
good
Inclinations
towards
him
,
he
had
only
two
Requests
to
make
:
the
first
,
That
his
Majesty
would
never
confer
any
of
his
Offices
upon
any
of
the
League
;
and
the
other
,
that
so
often
as
his
Enemies
should
by
their
Malice
seek
to
ruine
him
in
his
Majesties
Favour
,
he
would
please
to
recollect
the
infinite
Obligations
he
had
laid
upon
him
;
which
was
the
greatest
pledge
of
Fidelity
,
a
good
Servant
,
and
an
honest
Man
,
as
he
pretended
to
be
,
could
in
his
absence
possibly
leave
with
so
good
a
Master
.
The
King
though
already
prepar'd
for
the
Duke's
departure
,
yet
touch'd
with
so
sad
a
Farewel
,
could
not
refrain
from
Tears
;
and
his
friendship
producing
the
usual
effects
that
all
true
friendships
ordinarily
do
in
such
occasions
,
made
him
forget
the
conditions
he
was
bound
to
perform
,
and
once
more
to
reiterate
all
sorts
of
perswasion
to
make
him
stay
:
In
which
importunities
,
though
some
have
believ'd
there
was
more
of
dissimulation
,
than
real
truth
;
yet
it
is
certain
,
that
his
Majesty
in
this
proceeded
with
a
most
sincere
affection
,
and
that
looking
more
narrowly
into
the
condition
of
his
Affairs
,
and
considering
he
was
about
to
surrender
his
Person
into
the
hands
of
his
Enemies
,
by
whom
he
saw
himself
already
environed
,
he
could
have
been
content
to
have
retain'd
a
Servant
of
so
approved
Valour
,
and
Fidelity
about
him
.
But
the
Duke
having
so
often
try'd
,
and
so
often
found
it
impossible
to
settle
the
King's
mind
to
such
resolutions
as
were
most
proper
to
secure
his
Dignity
with
Honour
,
could
never
deliberate
to
look
on
,
and
see
the
continuation
of
those
evils
,
for
which
he
could
neither
see
,
nor
hope
for
any
possible
Remedy
.
Remaining
then
firm
in
his
resolution
to
depart
,
he
made
a
voluntary
surrender
of
his
Government
of
Normandy
into
the
King's
hands
,
which
was
as
soon
transferr'd
to
the
Duke
of
Montpensier
,
a
Prince
of
the
House
of
Bourbon
,
very
affectionate
to
the
King's
Service
,
and
Father
to
Henry
of
Bourbon
,
likewise
Duke
of
Montpensier
;
the
same
,
who
in
succession
of
time
came
to
be
the
Duke's
Nephew
by
a
Marriage
with
Catherine
de
Ioyeuse
his
Neece
,
she
,
who
(
as
we
have
said
before
)
is
now
Dutchess
of
Guise
.
And
this
,
of
all
those
Offices
the
Duke
stood
seiz'd
of
,
was
the
only
resignation
the
King
would
consent
to
,
whatever
D'
Auila
is
pleas'd
to
say
to
the
contrary
.
He
says
that
the
King
importun'd
the
Duke
to
make
a
surrender
of
all
his
Employments
at
once
,
excepting
his
Government
of
Provence
:
but
that
the
Duke
,
Who
was
a
man
of
exceeding
great
understanding
,
and
bred
up
by
the
King
himself
in
all
the
Stratagems
of
State
,
rais'd
so
many
difficulties
,
and
made
so
many
exceptions
against
the
persons
of
all
those
who
were
propos'd
to
succeed
him
,
that
suddenly
departing
,
before
any
thing
was
concluded
,
he
dexterously
disingag'd
himself
from
so
nice
,
and
so
dangerous
a
Proposition
.
It
is
certain
notwithstanding
that
the
Duke
was
never
press'd
to
lay
down
any
of
his
Offices
:
and
if
he
did
surrender
his
Government
of
Normandy
,
it
was
not
only
a
voluntary
act
,
but
founded
upon
mature
deliberation
,
and
great
judgment
,
as
a
Province
that
was
near
neighbour
to
Paris
,
separated
many
Leagues
from
all
the
rest
of
his
Governments
,
and
in
which
his
Enemies
had
so
great
Interest
,
that
his
Presence
would
be
necessary
to
secure
it
;
neither
considering
the
strong
Faction
they
had
within
,
was
it
certain
to
be
secur'd
.
So
that
not
being
able
amongst
so
many
persecutions
,
as
he
saw
prepar'd
against
him
,
to
maintain
all
his
Charges
at
once
,
he
rather
chose
to
part
with
that
he
was
not
likely
to
keep
,
at
least
without
exposing
all
the
rest
,
than
to
abandon
the
other
strong
Holds
,
and
Places
in
his
Possession
;
which
though
(
particularly
consider'd
)
they
seem'd
to
promise
less
,
than
so
important
a
Government
as
that
of
Normandy
;
yet
that
by
their
vicinity
to
one
another
were
more
likely
to
be
kept
,
and
to
be
more
serviceable
to
him
.
Thus
then
parted
the
Duke
of
Espernon
from
Court
in
Iune
1588.
and
retir'd
himself
to
Loches
,
though
far
otherwise
than
in
the
equipage
of
a
declining
Minister
,
or
attended
like
a
Favourite
laps'd
into
disgrace
;
but
with
a
numerous
train
of
above
three
hundred
Gentlemen
,
and
those
of
so
good
Quality
,
as
that
he
employ'd
the
most
of
them
for
the
raising
of
such
Forces
,
as
he
had
order
from
his
Majesty
speedily
to
set
on
foot
.
But
that
which
rendred
him
every
where
more
considerable
,
than
this
outward
shew
of
greatness
,
was
his
brave
,
and
unbated
Courage
,
of
which
he
had
given
so
many
signal
testimonies
in
his
Prosperity
,
that
there
was
nothing
left
,
but
such
a
disgrace
as
this
,
to
give
it
the
utmost
test
,
The
D●ke
re●●●●
into
his
Governments
.
and
the
last
tryal
of
a
noble
Constancy
.
Being
come
to
Lochis
,
he
presently
set
himself
to
look
into
the
state
of
those
Provinces
newly
committed
to
his
charge
;
where
by
establishing
such
order
as
he
thought
convenient
,
by
the
dispatch
of
his
Levies
,
and
by
disposing
his
men
into
the
most
important
places
,
he
prepar'd
himself
betimes
to
encounter
such
Accidents
,
as
the
severity
of
the
time
was
likely
to
produce
.
Soon
after
the
Duke's
departure
,
the
King
went
his
Journey
into
Normandy
:
where
the
greatest
Obstacle
,
being
now
remov'd
,
the
Treaty
of
Peace
went
on
without
any
further
impediment
,
and
was
presently
after
concluded
;
the
King
(
who
had
already
determin'd
how
to
dispose
of
the
Duke
of
Guise
)
making
no
great
difficulty
to
grant
him
what
he
was
resolv'd
he
should
not
long
enjoy
.
The
Peace
concluded
,
the
Edict
of
Union
was
publish'd
,
first
at
Rouen
,
and
then
in
all
parts
of
the
Kingdom
;
after
which
they
immediately
fell
to
the
raising
of
Arms
,
for
the
utter
suppression
of
the
King
of
Navarre
,
and
his
Party
.
But
above
all
things
,
the
King
was
careful
to
hasten
the
necessary
Dispatches
for
the
Convocation
of
the
States
General
at
Blois
,
in
the
beginning
of
October
next
ensuing
,
an
Assembly
equally
desir'd
by
the
King
,
and
the
Duke
of
Guise
;
but
to
different
ends
:
The
Duke
hoping
there
by
the
joynt
suffrages
of
the
several
Orders
of
the
Kingdom
to
see
himself
plac'd
in
that
degree
of
height
,
to
which
his
great
Spirit
,
and
vast
Ambition
,
had
so
long
aspir'd
;
and
the
King
resolving
there
,
and
at
that
time
to
quench
his
restless
and
inordinate
Ambition
in
a
torrent
of
his
own
Blood
.
Thus
do
we
often
see
the
purposes
of
the
greatest
Politicians
deluded
,
who
,
when
they
think
they
have
brought
their
Designs
by
the
most
infallible
Rules
,
and
Maxims
of
Humane
Prudence
to
an
almost
certain
Issue
,
find
themselves
deceiv'd
,
and
usually
meet
with
effects
quite
contrary
to
their
expectation
;
giving
us
to
understand
,
that
we
ought
not
to
commit
our
actions
to
the
blind
conduct
of
our
own
frail
and
erroneous
foresight
,
but
into
the
hands
of
Providence
,
that
governs
all
,
and
that
brings
all
things
to
their
determinate
end
.
The
Edict
of
Union
being
sworn
,
the
Duke
of
E●pernon
remov'd
from
Court
,
and
the
King
●atisfied
(
at
least
in
apparence
)
with
the
Duke
of
Guise's
,
and
the
Parisians
excuses
;
the
Duke
confident
in
the
Queen
Mother
,
The
D●ke
of
Guise
comes
to
Court
.
(
who
was
of
late
become
absolutely
powerful
with
the
KIng
)
had
nothing
now
to
hinder
his
coming
to
Court
;
so
that
upon
his
Majesties
return
out
of
Normandy
,
he
immediately
repair'd
to
him
,
and
having
found
him
at
Chartres
,
he
there
in
person
deliver'd
the
same
Apologies
,
he
had
not
long
before
presented
by
the
Mediation
of
others
.
All
which
his
Majesty
received
with
a
Dissimulation
,
that
was
not
only
natural
to
him
;
but
that
by
a
long
Practice
,
and
by
the
continual
traverses
,
and
difficulties
of
his
Reign
,
was
grown
to
such
a
habit
in
him
,
that
it
was
no
hard
matter
for
him
to
put
on
any
kind
of
Language
,
or
Behaviour
,
on
any
occasion
wherein
he
was
most
likely
to
be
surpriz'd
:
So
that
in
outward
shew
the
King
was
so
well
pleas'd
with
no
Company
(
as
indeed
it
was
almost
all
he
had
)
as
with
the
Duke's
,
his
Relations
,
and
Confederates
.
Amongst
which
the
Cardinal
of
Bourbon
,
who
was
now
also
come
to
Court
,
was
entertain'd
with
extraordinary
marks
of
Favour
,
and
Respect
;
neither
was
there
any
Commands
,
or
Offices
,
Military
or
Civil
,
granted
to
any
,
but
by
their
recommendation
:
insomuch
that
some
have
thought
the
Duke
of
Guise
by
winning
,
and
submissive
carriage
,
had
made
some
real
impression
upon
the
Kings
Inclinations
,
and
that
his
Majesty
was
dispos'd
really
to
love
him
,
as
he
had
formerly
done
,
if
he
could
have
moderated
his
Ambition
,
and
would
have
laid
aside
those
designs
which
rendred
him
suspected
to
him
.
In
a
conjuncture
so
favourable
to
their
Designs
,
neither
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
nor
those
of
his
Faction
slept
in
their
Business
;
but
with
all
possible
industry
,
still
more
,
and
more
labour'd
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
total
Ruine
,
as
a
thing
that
imported
most
of
all
to
the
confirmation
of
that
Authority
,
and
Trust
,
to
which
they
saw
themselves
by
his
removal
already
advanc'd
:
So
that
the
King
being
daily
afflicted
with
a
thousand
Accusations
against
him
,
and
wearied
by
their
importunities
,
was
at
last
so
far
overcome
,
as
to
consent
that
many
of
his
Offices
should
be
taken
away
,
being
not
yet
to
be
prevail'd
upon
for
his
absolute
Ruine
.
Whilst
the
Duke
was
present
,
he
continually
by
his
good
Services
fortified
his
Masters
mind
,
against
all
impressions
of
calumny
,
his
Enemies
could
invent
,
to
the
prejudice
of
his
Fidelity
,
and
Honour
,
and
had
ever
triumph'd
in
his
Majesties
good
Opinion
,
over
the
Envy
and
Malice
of
his
Detractors
:
but
he
was
no
sooner
remov'd
out
of
his
Eye
,
than
that
Confidence
began
to
stagger
,
his
detractors
representing
him
for
an
Enemy
to
the
Crown
,
a
Friend
to
the
King
of
Navarre
,
and
one
that
seducing
daily
all
the
Garrisons
in
his
Government
to
a
Revolt
,
was
upon
the
point
to
Proclaim
open
War
against
the
King
himself
.
In
the
mean
time
the
Duke
had
very
good
Intelligence
of
all
that
pass'd
at
Court
;
he
very
well
knew
that
his
Enemies
made
use
of
all
imaginable
ways
to
destroy
him
,
that
the
King
was
by
them
perpetually
socilited
against
him
;
and
that
consequently
it
concern'd
him
in
common
discretion
to
frustrate
their
Designs
,
and
to
provide
for
his
own
safety
in
the
strength
of
those
places
he
possess'd
:
Neither
was
he
much
surpriz'd
at
the
unexpected
news
of
what
the
King
had
consented
to
against
him
,
he
was
very
well
acquainted
with
the
constitution
of
the
Court
,
and
had
very
well
foreseen
what
would
certainly
be
attempted
against
him
;
but
he
could
hardly
perswade
himself
,
that
his
Majesty
could
ever
forget
his
Fidelity
,
and
good
Services
;
yet
did
he
not
for
all
that
neglect
his
own
preservation
,
that
he
might
live
to
do
him
one
day
more
,
and
better
Service
:
the
only
revenge
this
faithful
honest
Servant
meditated
for
the
ingratitude
of
his
Master
.
He
fell
therefore
presently
into
Consultation
with
his
Friends
,
what
course
he
were
best
to
take
;
a
Debate
wherein
Opinions
were
very
different
:
some
there
were
who
advis'd
him
to
return
to
Court
,
representing
that
his
presence
would
infallibly
disperse
all
those
shadows
of
mistrust
,
which
by
his
absence
his
Adversaries
had
had
opportunity
to
possess
the
King's
mind
withal
;
that
his
tried
Fidelity
would
soon
recover
its
former
place
in
his
Majesties
Opinion
,
and
that
then
he
would
soon
be
in
a
condition
to
return
the
mischiefs
had
been
intended
against
him
,
upon
the
heads
of
the
first
contrivers
.
Others
there
were
who
gave
him
counsel
to
put
himself
into
Metz
,
others
to
make
immediately
for
Provence
,
and
some
of
those
there
to
joyn
with
the
King
of
Navarre
;
That
to
that
purpose
he
should
first
go
into
Angoumois
,
whither
he
might
suddenly
,
and
with
great
facility
convey
himself
,
where
he
had
a
strong
City
to
retire
unto
,
and
where
he
would
be
in
a
Country
very
convenient
to
favour
his
Passage
into
Provence
,
by
the
way
of
Guienne
and
Languedoc
;
the
Friends
he
had
in
those
two
Provinces
being
enough
to
make
his
way
,
through
the
one
,
and
the
other
,
should
he
be
put
upon
a
resolution
of
retiring
thither
.
The
first
propositions
being
accompanied
with
great
,
and
almost
invincible
difficulties
,
the
Duke
wholly
adher'd
to
the
last
advice
,
and
so
far
follow'd
it
,
as
to
retire
to
Angoulesme
,
without
joyning
himself
nevertheless
(
though
infinitely
solicited
so
to
do
)
with
the
King
of
Navarre
.
A
thing
impossible
for
him
to
resolve
upon
,
had
he
been
so
enclin'd
,
for
two
Reasons
;
First
,
by
reason
of
that
Princes
Religion
,
and
secondly
,
because
being
a
declared
Enemy
to
the
King
his
Master
,
the
Duke
would
rather
have
perish'd
a
thousand
times
,
than
appear
to
favour
,
much
less
to
engage
with
such
,
as
he
knew
acted
positively
against
his
Majesties
Service
.
One
of
the
Duke
's
old
Servants
[
](A42794-e25430-b)*
*
De
Guez
was
Bal●●c's
Father
.
De
Guez
by
name
,
a
man
of
fourscore
and
eight
years
old
,
but
notwithstanding
so
entire
in
his
Judgment
as
discover'd
nothing
of
the
infirmities
of
Age
,
gave
me
not
long
since
a
full
Relation
of
all
these
Circumstances
.
He
was
at
this
time
about
the
Duke's
Person
,
and
(
as
one
of
his
principal
,
and
most
trusty
Servants
)
present
at
this
Deliberation
;
when
the
Duke
asking
his
particular
Opinion
of
all
had
been
propounded
to
him
,
De
Guez
told
him
,
that
he
believ'd
the
resolution
he
had
already
taken
,
to
be
without
all
dispute
the
best
,
provided
it
were
put
i●to
speedy
execution
:
but
that
it
was
to
be
fear'd
,
that
whilst
he
stood
deliberating
with
his
Friends
what
was
best
to
be
done
,
his
Enemies
,
who
were
very
powerful
,
and
already
resolv'd
what
to
do
,
might
effect
something
to
the
prejudice
of
his
Fortune
;
and
that
the
least
moments
were
to
be
husbanded
in
a
business
of
so
great
consequence
as
this
.
An
advice
that
being
soon
consider'd
of
by
the
Duke
,
he
immediately
commanded
that
every
one
should
make
himself
ready
to
depart
within
two
days
;
neither
did
he
longer
defer
it
,
but
accordingly
put
himself
upon
his
way
to
Angoulesme
,
and
that
very
seasonably
,
as
by
the
following
discourse
will
suddenly
appear
.
But
before
the
Duke
left
Loches
,
he
was
presented
with
a
discourse
,
by
way
of
Apology
in
the
behalf
of
himself
,
and
his
Brother
,
against
the
Calumnies
contain'd
in
the
forementioned
Manifest
,
of
the
League
:
a
piece
so
eloquently
couch'd
,
and
set
forth
with
so
many
powerful
,
and
so
pertinent
Arguments
,
that
it
is
certain
the
Leaguers
could
afterwards
have
wish'd
they
had
never
assaulted
the
Duke
by
the
way
of
writing
,
that
so
they
might
not
have
drawn
upon
themselves
so
tart
a
Reply
.
I
forbear
to
transcribe
it
in
this
place
,
because
it
would
swell
this
Volume
with
things
that
are
elsewhere
,
and
in
better
language
,
The
Duke
publishes
an
Answer
to
the
Manifest
of
the
League
.
than
I
should
perhaps
express
it
,
to
be
found
:
But
Mounsieur
de
Thou
,
one
of
the
most
celebrated
Historians
of
these
latter
times
,
thought
it
a
Discourse
worth
inserting
at
length
in
his
History
;
and
having
translated
it
out
of
the
Original
,
into
his
own
elegant
Latine
,
has
commended
it
to
all
the
Nations
of
Europe
,
where
his
works
are
read
with
an
universal
applause
.
And
although
the
Duke
never
thought
of
justifying
his
actions
that
way
,
and
that
he
had
so
little
a
share
in
this
answer
,
as
neither
then
,
nor
ever
since
,
to
know
his
name
,
who
undertook
his
Quarrel
and
Interest
with
so
friendly
a
Zeal
(
a
thing
somewhat
hard
to
believe
,
that
a
man
who
would
oblige
the
Duke
at
so
kind
a
rate
,
should
deprive
himself
of
the
thanks
justly
due
to
so
great
an
obligation
)
he
nevertheless
took
it
upon
him
,
and
publish'd
it
in
his
own
name
,
that
all
the
world
might
be
satisfied
both
with
his
and
his
Brothers
Innocency
:
and
certainly
it
wrought
upon
all
disinterested
spirits
impressions
very
disadvantageous
to
the
covert
practices
of
the
League
.
Having
caus'd
this
Declaration
to
be
publish'd
,
The
Duke
arrives
at
Angou●esme
.
he
departed
towards
,
Angoulesme
,
where
he
safely
arriv'd
in
Iuly
;
and
where
the
several
Orders
of
the
City
contented
with
great
emulation
,
which
should
give
the
greatest
testimony
of
joy
for
his
Arrival
.
Being
thither
come
,
the
Duke
would
needs
take
up
his
Lodging
in
the
Castle
;
which
although
it
was
only
a
rude
pile
of
stone
,
and
naked
of
all
defense
,
(
though
by
him
afterwards
fortified
,
and
made
more
con●iderable
)
and
though
there
was
in
the
same
City
a
Cittadel
,
much
stronger
,
and
more
commodious
,
commanded
by
the
Sieur
de
Bordes
,
a
particular
creature
of
the
Dukes
;
yet
to
shew
the
Inhabitants
how
entire
a
Confidence
he
repos'd
in
them
,
he
would
rather
choose
to
lie
in
the
other
,
and
that
with
so
much
civility
to
the
Town
,
as
that
he
permitted
not
one
of
the
Souldiers
he
brought
along
with
him
so
much
as
to
come
within
the
Walls
of
the
City
.
Two
days
after
his
Arrival
the
Sieurs
Nesmond
,
Chief
Justice
,
and
Normond
Consul
of
the
City
receiv'd
dispatches
from
the
King
,
Sign'd
by
Moun●ieur
Villeroy
,
wherein
his
Majesty
positively
commanded
them
,
The
King
commands
the
Inha●itants
of
the
City
not
to
receive
the
Duke
.
not
to
admit
any
whomsoexer
with
any
Forces
into
their
City
,
without
his
express
Order
;
whatever
they
might
pretend
,
or
what
Commissions
soever
they
should
produce
to
the
contrary
.
And
indeed
his
Majesty
had
been
so
importun'd
to
exclude
the
Duke
from
this
important
place
(
being
withal
made
to
believe
that
he
had
only
left
Loches
in
order
to
a
closing
with
the
King
of
Navarre
)
that
being
unwilling
to
have
that
Faction
strengthened
,
by
so
powerful
,
and
so
active
a
Confederate
,
he
had
consented
to
this
dispatch
:
but
the
Duke's
diligence
having
prevented
this
command
,
But
too
late
so
frustrated
the
execution
of
it
,
that
whereas
it
had
before
(
had
these
orders
come
in
time
)
been
a
very
easie
matter
to
have
kept
him
out
,
it
was
now
impossible
to
obey
the
Kings
desire
,
he
being
got
in
,
or
to
thrust
him
out
again
,
who
had
already
made
himself
Master
of
the
place
.
The
Consul
notwithstanding
communicated
the
Orders
he
had
receiv'd
to
some
of
his
Relations
,
and
most
intimate
Friends
;
where
the
greater
part
of
those
he
consulted
about
this
business
,
being
enclin'd
to
the
League
(
and
it
is
hardly
to
be
imagin'd
how
strangely
that
contagion
had
diffus'd
it self
throughout
the
whole
Kingdom
,
no
Family
almost
being
without
one
,
or
more
of
their
Party
;
no
City
without
some
notorious
Ring-leader
of
their
Faction
;
nor
no
Province
wherein
their
Interest
was
not
grown
to
a
formidable
height
)
it
was
soon
resolv'd
upon
,
that
(
since
the
Kings
pleasure
could
not
now
be
fulfill'd
in
the
precise
Form
his
Letters
prescrib'd
)
to
propose
to
his
Majesty
other
ways
,
by
which
(
as
they
conceiv'd
)
they
might
work
as
considerable
,
if
not
a
more
advantageous
effect
,
for
his
service
,
than
they
could
have
done
,
by
that
it
was
now
too
late
for
them
to
perform
.
The
Consul
therefore
dispatch'd
away
to
Court
one
Souch●t
his
Brother-in-Law
,
a
notable
Leaguer
,
and
a
bold
Factious
Fellow
,
to
acquaint
the
King
with
his
Design
;
which
was
,
to
seize
upon
the
Duke's
person
,
and
to
detain
him
Prisoner
in
the
City
,
till
his
Majesties
further
Order
:
who
accordingly
arriving
at
Court
,
and
addressing
himself
to
Mounsieur
de
Villeroy
,
made
this
Proposition
to
him
,
and
was
by
him
very
well
receiv'd
.
Villeroy
promising
to
acquaint
the
King
with
the
good
affection
of
the
Inhabitants
,
and
to
give
him
a
speedy
answer
.
I
shall
not
here
make
shie
of
delivering
plainly
what
I
have
receiv'd
from
the
Duke
's
own
mouth
upon
this
occasion
,
and
that
without
fear
of
reviving
Animosities
long
ago
extinct
;
the
Duke
,
an
Mounsieur
de
Villeroy
having
often
since
(
and
that
with
some
kind
of
delight
)
discours'd
themselves
into
a
better
intelligence
about
this
Subject
:
So
true
it
is
,
that
time
is
a
Sovereign
Remedy
for
the
most
violent
passions
,
no
former
unkindness
betwixt
these
two
great
Ministers
being
of
force
to
hinder
the
mutual
esteem
they
had
of
one
anothers
Vertue
in
their
later
years
,
from
ending
in
a
most
sincere
,
and
perfect
Friendship
.
The
King's
answer
to
Villeroy
was
,
that
he
should
be
glad
to
have
the
Duke
within
his
power
,
Anno
1558.
that
so
he
might
hinder
him
from
joyning
with
the
King
of
Navarre
;
but
withal
,
if
it
could
not
be
done
without
endangering
his
Person
,
that
they
should
by
no
means
attempt
in
,
his
Majesty
being
neither
willing
to
have
him
destroy'd
,
nor
exasperated
,
but
only
restrain'd
within
the
bounds
of
his
Duty
:
Which
were
the
very
words
his
Majesty
repeated
to
the
Duke
at
his
return
to
Court
,
graciously
adding
,
that
it
was
in
order
to
a
speedy
recalling
of
him
about
his
own
Person
,
where
he
intended
to
use
him
like
a
Son
(
a
title
by
which
his
Majesty
was
ever
pleas'd
to
Honour
him
in
his
Letters
,
and
ordinary
Discourse
)
as
hitherto
he
had
ever
done
.
But
this
was
too
nice
a
Commission
for
his
Enemies
to
work
upon
,
who
would
by
all
means
make
use
of
this
occasion
the
hair-brain'd
Citizens
presented
to
them
,
to
take
a
full
revenge
of
former
injuries
:
for
after
the
business
had
been
communicated
to
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
it
was
told
Souchet
by
Mounsieur
Villeroy
,
that
it
was
the
King's
desire
,
they
should
take
the
Duke
Prisoner
,
and
that
they
could
not
do
his
Majesty
a
more
acceptable
service
.
Whereupon
Souchet
having
reply'd
,
that
it
would
be
an
enterprize
hard
to
execute
so
,
as
to
meet
with
no
opposition
;
and
that
in
such
a
case
he
desir'd
to
know
how
they
were
to
behave
themselves
:
he
was
further
order'd
to
take
the
Duke
alive
,
or
dead
;
that
such
was
his
Majesties
intention
,
and
that
it
was
a
business
of
so
great
importance
,
that
both
he
,
and
all
others
,
who
should
be
employ'd
therein
,
might
certainly
expect
a
recompense
proportionable
to
the
merit
of
the
Action
.
Some
have
further
added
,
and
it
was
a
common
report
,
that
a
man
utterly
unknown
to
Souchet
was
disguis'd
in
his
Majesties
Cloaths
,
and
taught
to
pronounce
this
Command
,
as
if
it
had
come
from
the
King
's
own
mouth
:
but
however
it
were
carried
,
certain
it
is
that
Souchet
could
not
have
return'd
more
fully
perswaded
,
than
he
did
.
At
his
return
he
acquaints
the
Consul
with
his
Instructions
(
at
a
private
place
without
the
City
)
who
hoping
to
do
the
King
a
signal
Service
,
communicated
the
Order
he
had
receiv'd
to
forty
,
or
fifty
,
all
active
and
resolute
men
,
of
his
most
intimate
Friends
,
and
conferr'd
yet
further
with
some
Gentlemen
of
the
Duke
of
Guise's
Faction
about
it
;
so
that
having
made
himself
as
strong
as
he
could
,
and
having
writ
to
the
Vicount
Aubeterre
,
who
was
Head
of
the
League
in
that
Province
,
to
be
ready
to
assist
in
an
action
so
important
to
the
Service
of
the
King
,
and
the
Catholick
Union
,
he
at
last
receiv'd
the
Deputy
into
the
City
upon
St.
Laurence
Eve
,
the
day
following
without
further
delay
being
design'd
for
the
execution
of
the
Enterprize
.
There
are
few
Historians
of
any
note
,
of
those
times
,
who
have
not
given
a
full
description
of
this
days
business
,
The
Conspiracy
of
A●goules●●e
against
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
and
who
have
not
thought
it
(
though
only
relating
to
a
particular
person
)
an
action
for
the
Novelty
,
and
handsome
performance
of
it
,
worthy
to
be
recorded
amongst
the
general
Transactions
of
that
time
.
Mounsieur
de
Thou
,
D'
Aubigné
,
and
D'
Avila
,
have
all
made
long
Relations
of
it
;
and
there
were
many
Printed
Reports
of
it
current
in
France
immediately
after
the
thing
was
done
,
of
which
several
old
Copies
yet
remain
;
to
all
which
I
could
refer
my
Reader
,
and
spare
my self
the
pains
of
repeating
it
over
again
,
could
a
business
so
highly
important
to
the
Duke's
Honour
be
left
out
of
the
recital
of
his
Life
,
without
making
my self
guilty
of
an
omission
,
Posterity
might
justly
blame
me
for
.
Take
here
therefore
what
I
have
collected
,
both
from
the
Duke
's
own
mouth
,
and
from
some
of
his
Servants
;
who
,
as
they
shar'd
in
the
danger
of
this
Conspiracy
,
had
also
the
Honour
to
do
their
Master
signal
Service
in
so
memorable
an
Action
.
The
Duke
living
in
great
security
in
the
City
,
and
behaving
himself
very
obligingly
to
all
the
Inhabitants
in
general
,
but
more
particularly
to
those
he
saw
bore
the
greatest
sway
amongst
them
,
spar'd
no
kind
of
good
Entertainment
,
that
he
thought
might
win
the
Consul
over
to
his
Devotion
:
a
man
,
who
besides
the
addition
of
his
Authority
,
was
very
considerable
in
his
own
Person
,
as
being
descended
from
one
of
the
best
Families
in
the
City
,
and
a
man
of
great
sagacity
and
valour
.
The
morning
of
his
enterprize
therefore
being
St.
Laurence
day
,
he
going
early
,
as
it
was
usual
,
to
give
the
Duke
a
Visit
,
was
by
him
entertain'd
with
extraordinary
civility
;
the
Duke
not
suffering
him
to
depart
,
till
he
had
made
him
a
promise
to
come
again
to
Dinner
:
which
the
Consul
,
thinking
by
that
means
to
have
his
access
into
the
Castle
more
open
,
and
free
,
for
the
effecting
of
his
purpose
,
readily
engag'd
himself
to
do
:
And
in
the
mean
time
returning
home
,
he
found
Souchet
,
and
with
him
some
dozen
of
the
most
resolute
Fellows
,
and
fiercest
Leaguers
of
all
the
Town
,
got
thither
before
him
.
These
were
to
begin
the
work
,
and
the
others
to
the
number
of
five
and
forty
,
or
fifty
,
were
lodg'd
in
the
Houses
nearest
to
the
Castle
,
to
be
ready
to
second
them
,
when
they
had
given
the
first
Assault
.
Neither
were
these
all
in
the
Conspiracy
,
for
there
were
divers
others
dispos'd
into
the
several
Streets
of
the
City
to
alarm
the
rest
of
the
people
(
altogether
ignorant
of
the
Enterprize
)
by
telling
them
that
the
Hugonots
had
taken
the
Castle
,
by
the
Postern-gate
that
look'd
into
the
Park
,
and
to
make
them
by
this
device
run
to
their
Arms
to
repel
them
.
Things
being
thus
order'd
,
the
Consul
first
entred
the
Castle
,
taking
along
with
him
Souchet
Booted
,
and
Spurr'd
,
as
if
he
newly
arriv'd
from
Court
,
with
another
in
the
same
Equipage
;
and
being
come
into
the
Hall
,
where
he
met
with
some
of
the
inferiour
Servants
,
he
of
them
enquir'd
for
the
Duke
,
saying
,
He
had
there
two
Courriers
to
present
to
him
,
who
brought
him
good
news
from
Court
.
Whereupon
the
Servants
who
saw
him
every
day
with
the
Duke
,
and
receiv'd
with
great
Demonstrations
of
Favour
,
and
Respect
,
made
no
difficulty
to
tell
him
,
that
he
was
in
the
Wardrobe
:
But
whilst
they
were
thus
talking
,
six
more
of
the
Inhabitants
,
who
were
also
of
the
Plot
,
were
come
in
under
pretense
of
paying
their
Service
to
the
Duke
,
and
to
wait
his
coming
out
to
present
themselves
:
And
all
of
them
,
both
the
Consul
,
and
the
rest
,
Arm'd
under
their
Cloaks
with
Curasses
,
or
Coats
of
Mail
,
short
Swords
,
and
Pistols
.
The
three
first
having
pass'd
through
the
Hall
,
and
the
next
Chamber
,
without
giving
any
suspicion
,
came
into
the
Wardrobe
,
where
they
expected
to
find
the
Duke
,
who
by
good
Fortune
was
just
gone
into
his
Closet
,
having
taken
in
with
him
the
Abbot
d'
Elbene
,
and
the
Sieur
de
l'
Isle
Marivault
,
two
persons
in
whom
of
all
others
he
repos'd
the
greatest
Confidence
;
and
where
they
were
reading
a
Scandalous
[
](A42794-e26060-b)*
*
In
wh●ch
L●bel
the
Duke
of
Espernon
was
compared
to
Pierce
Gaveston
,
as
I●an
de
Serres
reports
.
Libel
,
publish'd
to
the
King's
dishonour
,
that
had
been
sent
the
Duke
that
morning
.
The
Conspirators
,
without
taking
notice
who
were
in
the
Wardrobe
,
vigorously
assaulted
the
first
they
met
;
and
at
their
first
entrance
letting
fly
their
Pistols
,
betook
themselves
to
their
Swords
,
crying
out
as
loud
as
they
could
,
Kill
,
Kill
:
At
this
noise
the
other
six
(
who
,
dazled
with
the
Cupboard
of
Plate
in
the
Hall
,
had
staid
behind
to
pilfer
)
ran
presently
to
their
Fellows
,
and
all
together
joyn'd
in
the
Assault
:
The
first
that
oppos'd
their
Fury
in
the
Wardrobe
,
was
Signior
Raphael
Girolami
,
a
Florentine
Gentlemen
,
and
Sorlin
the
Duke's
Chirurgion
;
the
two
Secretaries
,
who
were
also
in
the
Chamber
being
for
want
of
Arms
able
to
make
no
resistance
.
But
Sorlin
drawing
his
Sword
,
gave
the
Consul
a
slight
hurt
in
the
Head
;
and
Girolami
on
his
side
,
having
first
mortally
wounded
three
of
the
Assailants
,
was
at
last
by
a
Pistol
shot
laid
dead
upon
the
place
;
so
that
he
being
dispatch'd
,
and
Sorlin
desperately
wounded
,
the
Consul
and
the
rest
of
the
Conspirators
,
had
free
access
to
the
very
door
of
the
Closet
,
where
they
call'd
out
aloud
to
the
Duke
to
yield
,
or
otherwise
he
was
dead
.
The
Duke
had
already
at
the
first
uproar
,
not
knowing
by
whom
he
was
assaulted
,
nor
what
security
he
might
promise
to
himself
from
the
assistance
of
his
Domesticks
,
and
Friends
,
Barricado'd
up
the
Door
of
his
Closet
,
expecting
a
further
light
into
this
disorder
;
D'
Elbene
,
and
Marivault
,
who
were
both
with
him
,
having
perswaded
him
so
to
do
,
and
with-held
him
from
going
out
,
until
he
first
understood
the
cause
of
this
Tumult
,
which
was
yet
utterly
unknown
.
There
were
two
Doors
to
this
Closet
,
one
at
the
further
end
of
a
little
Gallery
,
which
was
open
;
but
there
was
no
way
to
the
second
,
but
through
this
Gallery
,
which
being
dark
,
and
so
narrow
as
only
to
admit
one
a
breast
,
made
the
access
to
the
inner
Door
very
difficult
,
and
dangerous
:
so
that
by
this
means
the
Duke
,
and
those
that
were
with
him
,
had
a
conveniency
of
making
some
kind
of
resistance
,
till
they
might
be
better
inform'd
of
the
business
.
And
I
have
heard
the
Duke
say
,
when
talking
sometimes
of
this
Mutiny
,
that
in
the
heat
of
the
Action
,
he
remov'd
with
one
hand
,
and
with
great
facility
,
unwieldy
Truncks
,
and
Chests
,
to
Barricado
up
the
Door
;
which
,
after
he
had
a
little
compos'd
himself
,
and
thought
it
necessary
to
go
out
,
they
could
not
scarce
all
three
,
with
all
their
strength
united
,
remove
again
to
their
places
.
At
the
same
time
that
the
Assault
began
,
the
[
](A42794-e26190-b)*
*
An
Al●rm
Bell
,
which
it
is
the
custom
in
France
to
ring
upon
any
T●mult
,
or
Insurrection
.
Tocquesain
rung
throughout
all
the
Churches
in
the
City
;
at
which
Signal
,
the
people
ran
on
all
sides
to
Arms
,
lodging
themselves
in
the
Houses
nearest
adjoyning
to
the
Castle
;
mov'd
so
to
do
by
the
outcry
of
the
Conspirators
,
dispers'd
into
the
several
quarters
of
the
Town
,
that
the
Hugonots
had
possest
themselves
of
the
Castle
.
In
the
mean
time
the
Conspirators
immediately
appointed
for
this
execution
,
and
who
were
order'd
to
follow
those
already
got
in
with
the
Consul
,
attempting
to
possess
themselves
of
the
Gate
of
the
Castle
,
that
they
might
let
in
the
people
,
who
came
running
in
Arms
from
all
parts
,
were
oppos'd
by
some
of
the
Duke's
Gentlemen
,
who
were
walking
without
in
the
base
Court
,
to
attend
his
going
abroad
;
of
which
the
chief
were
Ambleville
,
Beaurepaire
,
Sobole
the
elder
,
Lartigue
,
and
some
others
.
Neither
was
their
Design
prevented
without
fighting
;
for
Beaurepaire
being
kill'd
with
the
blow
of
an
Halbert
,
and
some
of
the
Guards
being
knock'd
down
by
him
,
other
of
the
Duke's
Gentlemen
,
who
were
walking
at
a
further
distance
from
the
Gate
,
perceiving
what
they
were
about
,
made
all
the
haste
they
could
,
and
came
time
enough
to
get
in
before
the
Gate
was
quite
shut
;
amongst
whom
were
the
Count
de
Brienne
,
the
Duke's
Brother-in-law
,
Miran
,
Gohas
,
la
Coste
,
and
Des
Emars
.
All
these
Gentlemen
being
joyn'd
together
,
and
having
with
much
ado
shut
the
outward
Gate
,
and
left
a
sufficient
Guard
to
defend
it
,
ran
up
the
Stairs
to
see
what
was
become
of
the
Duke
;
where
meeting
no
body
to
enquire
of
,
they
believ'd
him
to
be
certainly
dead
,
and
all
those
that
were
with
him
:
But
after
having
a
little
recollected
themselves
from
the
astonishment
so
strange
a
solitude
had
begot
in
them
,
and
having
gathered
together
such
other
Gentlemen
,
and
Souldiers
,
of
the
Duke's
Guard
,
as
they
could
find
in
the
Castle
,
they
resolv'd
to
set
upon
the
Consul
,
and
his
Associates
,
and
to
that
purpose
made
directly
towards
the
Duke's
Chamber
,
the
only
part
of
the
House
from
whence
any
noise
was
to
be
heard
.
The
Conspirators
seeing
themselves
alone
,
the
Gate
of
the
Castle
shut
,
the
Duke's
Friends
,
and
Servants
got
together
,
and
united
,
and
(
which
most
of
all
perplex'd
them
)
that
the
people
could
not
force
their
entrance
so
soon
as
was
requisite
for
their
safety
,
would
yet
try
by
the
same
Door
by
which
they
had
entred
,
to
recover
the
principal
Tower
of
the
Castle
,
and
to
make
that
good
,
till
they
might
be
reliev'd
from
without
:
But
the
passage
was
so
stoutly
maintain'd
by
the
Gentlemen
,
and
those
of
the
Guard
,
who
were
joyn'd
to
them
,
that
the
Consul
being
mortally
wounded
,
and
some
other
of
his
Complices
more
slightly
hurt
,
the
ardour
of
their
first
resolution
began
apparently
to
cool
,
their
Enemies
being
possest
of
the
only
pass
,
by
which
they
were
to
expect
a
prompt
,
and
necessary
succour
.
At
this
new
uproar
in
the
Wardrobe
,
the
Duke
having
,
amidst
so
great
a
confusion
of
voices
,
distinguish'd
some
of
them
to
be
his
own
people
,
sallied
out
of
his
Closset
with
the
Abbot
D'
Elbene
,
and
Marivalt
;
so
that
these
sallying
out
with
Sword
,
and
Pistol
,
by
the
Door
of
the
Closset
,
whilst
the
other
Door
towards
the
Hall
was
made
good
by
the
Duke's
Friends
,
the
Consul
and
his
Complices
found
themselves
beset
on
all
sides
;
and
seeing
no
hopes
of
safety
by
the
way
they
had
in
vain
,
and
with
many
wounds
attempted
to
pass
,
they
resolv'd
to
get
out
by
a
third
Door
of
the
same
Wardrobe
,
which
yet
remain'd
free
,
and
that
let
by
a
back
way
to
the
forementioned
Tower
;
and
accordingly
carrying
off
the
wounded
Consul
with
them
,
recover'd
a
little
pair
of
stone
Stairs
,
the
only
refuge
was
left
them
,
and
where
they
intended
to
defend
themselves
to
the
●ast
man
:
neither
wanted
they
means
so
to
do
;
for
being
all
arm'd
,
which
neither
the
Duke
nor
any
of
his
Followers
were
,
and
resolute
Fellows
,
as
they
had
sufficiently
made
it
appear
;
and
having
only
a
narrow
pair
of
Stairs
to
make
good
,
they
were
not
to
be
assaulted
,
but
with
infinite
hazard
,
in
a
place
of
so
great
advantage
:
which
made
the
Duke
resolve
upon
putting
fire
to
the
Stairs
,
to
the
end
he
might
there
,
as
it
were
besieg'd
,
keep
them
in
.
Whilst
these
things
were
doing
within
the
Castle
,
a
Maid
came
running
,
and
told
the
Duke
,
that
the
Consuls
Brother
,
with
a
great
number
of
armed
Men
,
were
upon
entring
by
a
hole
they
had
made
in
the
Wall
,
on
that
side
next
the
Curtain
;
which
made
him
immediately
repair
thither
,
as
where
his
presence
was
most
necessary
,
leaving
only
three
of
his
Guard
to
make
good
the
Stair-foot
,
where
the
Consul
and
his
Confederates
were
,
that
they
might
attempt
nothing
in
his
absence
.
At
his
coming
into
the
Court
he
found
the
Consul's
Brother
,
and
another
with
him
,
already
enter'd
the
place
,
who
both
of
them
strove
with
incredible
valour
,
to
make
way
for
the
rest
:
But
the
Duke
having
soon
kill'd
the
first
with
his
own
hand
,
the
other
being
no
better
handled
by
his
Followers
;
and
having
left
a
sufficient
Guard
upon
the
place
,
he
ran
presently
to
another
Alarm
,
no
less
dangerous
,
than
this
he
had
already
taken
so
good
order
in
:
For
the
Conspirators
without
having
(
as
we
have
said
before
)
been
able
to
force
the
great
Gate
,
by
reason
of
the
vigorous
resistance
they
had
met
there
,
were
run
to
another
little
Postern
,
that
no
body
dream'd
of
,
with
fire
to
burn
it
down
;
by
which
means
,
and
by
a
petard
they
had
also
got
to
blow
it
open
,
they
doubted
not
to
force
their
entrance
that
way
;
but
the
Duke
arriving
opportunely
upon
the
place
,
with
some
fifteen
he
had
rallied
together
,
after
a
dangerous
,
and
obstinate
Conflict
,
beat
back
the
Assailants
,
and
so
fortified
it
for
the
future
,
that
it
was
impossible
for
them
afterwards
to
force
that
pass
.
Whilst
the
Duke
was
thus
busie
without
,
those
who
were
with
the
Consul
upon
the
Stairs
,
seeing
the
passage
now
guarded
by
only
the
three
Souldiers
,
who
had
been
left
to
that
purpose
,
attempted
to
make
their
way
,
and
to
escape
,
which
they
hop'd
they
might
do
whilst
the
Duke
,
and
his
Servants
,
were
elsewhere
employ'd
,
intending
afterwards
to
force
some
of
the
Avenues
(
it
being
impossible
they
should
be
all
well
guarded
,
the
Duke
having
so
few
about
him
)
and
to
let
in
the
rest
of
their
Confederates
to
their
succour
:
But
the
Duke
,
with
marvellous
diligence
presenting
himself
in
all
places
where
there
was
any
suspicion
of
danger
,
coming
opportunely
in
,
when
they
were
already
disputing
it
with
his
Guards
;
and
having
,
by
the
death
of
one
of
the
Inhabitants
,
whom
he
dispatch'd
with
his
own
hand
,
beaten
back
the
rest
,
defeated
them
of
all
further
hopes
,
of
escaping
out
of
his
Power
.
In
which
encounter
he
ran
an
exceeding
great
hazard
,
for
the
Stairs
upon
which
they
fought
having
been
already
loosened
in
the
Joynts
by
the
heat
of
the
fire
,
and
moreover
shaken
by
the
agitation
of
the
Comba●ants
,
could
no
longer
support
it self
from
falling
down
with
a
sudden
ruine
,
the
step
whereon
the
Duke
stood
only
remaining
firm
,
who
without
so
miraculous
a
fortune
had
certainly
perish'd
in
the
fall
.
Miran
,
a
Gentleman
of
good
understanding
and
great
courage
,
told
me
some
years
ago
this
Story
:
in
which
as
he
had
himself
a
particular
share
,
so
has
he
often
assur'd
me
,
that
without
the
Duke
's
personal
courage
,
great
vigilancy
,
and
noble
resolution
he
did
believe
they
had
never
escap'd
that
eminent
peril
;
that
in
his
life
he
never
saw
a
man
so
constant
in
all
kinds
of
danger
;
and
that
as
they
who
had
faithfully
serv'd
him
in
this
occasion
had
doubtless
deserv'd
very
well
at
his
hands
,
so
stood
they
no
less
oblig'd
to
him
for
their
own
preservation
,
than
he
to
them
for
his
,
having
done
more
towards
it
in
his
own
single
person
,
than
almost
all
the
rest
,
all
their
endeavours
put
together
.
The
Inhabitants
,
who
had
this
while
possest
themselves
of
a
House
call'd
the
Queens
Castle
,
separated
only
from
that
wherein
the
Duke
was
assaulted
by
a
little
Court
,
and
of
equal
height
with
it
,
by
powring
continual
shot
in
at
the
Windows
,
which
were
very
large
,
and
high
,
did
not
a
little
incommodate
the
Duke
;
another
inconvenience
to
be
provided
against
,
as
it
speedily
was
,
and
(
as
that
had
already
done
for
the
other
defects
of
the
place
)
so
well
,
that
it
was
almost
impossible
by
strength
of
hand
to
force
him
.
The
toil
,
and
bustle
of
this
Action
having
been
sudden
,
and
violent
,
and
the
Fight
almost
unintermitted
from
the
beginning
,
the
Duke
and
those
with
him
found
themselves
so
weary
,
and
their
strength
so
abated
,
that
to
refresh
themselves
,
and
to
recover
a
little
breath
,
the
Duke
call'd
for
something
to
drink
;
but
upon
examination
there
were
but
four
Bottles
of
Wine
,
no
Water
at
all
,
and
very
little
,
and
that
course
Bread
,
to
be
found
in
all
the
Castle
;
neither
was
there
any
more
to
be
hop'd
for
,
the
Inhabitants
being
as
they
were
Masters
of
all
the
Kitchins
,
and
other
Offices
,
as
also
of
a
Well
in
the
back
Court
,
which
could
not
possibly
be
recover'd
from
them
,
an
irreparable
,
and
unexpected
inconvenience
to
the
Duke
and
his
Followers
,
who
saw
themselves
at
once
assaulted
with
Enemies
,
within
,
and
without
,
and
more
violently
with
hunger
,
and
thirst
;
two
Enemies
they
could
the
worst
defend
themselves
against
;
a
condition
in
which
they
continued
for
two
dayes
,
and
one
night
,
and
wherein
the
Duke's
constancy
is
no
less
to
be
admir'd
,
than
in
so
gallantly
defending
himself
against
the
violence
of
his
armed
Adversaries
,
the
necessities
of
Nature
being
much
harder
to
be
contended
withal
,
than
the
most
obstinate
attempts
of
the
most
resolute
Enemy
.
Hitherto
the
Duke
saw
no
signs
of
succour
;
Tagent
his
Cousin
,
and
Lieutenant
in
that
Government
was
at
Xaintes
,
with
the
Troops
,
and
the
Cittadel
,
wherein
he
had
a
trusty
Servant
,
had
made
no
shew
of
standing
for
him
,
having
not
so
much
as
made
one
Cannon
,
or
Musquet
shot
against
the
City
:
For
the
Consul
who
was
no
less
circumspect
than
valiant
,
having
,
when
he
first
plotted
the
Design
of
this
Enterprize
,
forgot
nothing
,
that
might
any
way
contribute
to
the
success
,
had
cunningly
drawn
Bordes
Governour
of
the
Cittadel
into
the
Town
,
under
colour
of
some
important
Business
he
was
to
communicate
to
him
,
and
had
there
seiz'd
of
his
Person
;
so
that
at
the
same
time
the
Duke
was
first
assaulted
in
the
Castle
,
they
who
had
Bordes
in
custody
,
brought
him
before
the
Cittadel
,
and
with
a
Dagger
at
his
Throat
commanded
him
to
yield
it
up
:
but
he
scorn'd
to
do
a
thing
so
unworthy
of
himself
in
so
great
an
exigency
,
and
his
Lieutenant
remain'd
also
firm
in
his
duty
,
though
it
be
true
that
the
regard
he
had
to
his
Captains
safety
made
him
forbear
to
shoot
,
till
the
last
extremity
.
As
if
the
Duke
in
so
eminent
a
peril
were
not
sufficiently
disquieted
with
his
own
troubles
,
he
had
yet
present
before
his
eyes
the
danger
to
which
the
Dutchess
his
Lady
was
expos'd
;
who
,
being
a
little
before
the
tumult
began
gone
out
of
the
Castle
towards
the
Iacobins
,
to
hear
Mass
,
was
seiz'd
upon
by
the
Inhabitants
,
as
she
was
retiring
towards
the
Cittadel
,
the
way
to
the
Castle
being
shut
up
:
Her
two
Gentlemen
Ushers
,
the
one
call'd
Piar
,
and
the
other
Seguencio
,
bravely
offer'd
to
make
some
resistance
,
but
were
both
wounded
to
death
,
whilst
they
held
her
by
the
Arms
;
so
that
their
Blood
flew
upon
her
Cloaths
:
Neither
was
the
Dutchess
alone
arrested
after
this
manner
,
many
of
the
Dukes
Gentlemen
who
were
abroad
in
the
Town
,
suspecting
nothing
,
being
also
taken
prisoners
;
of
which
la
Curée
,
since
Camp-Master
to
the
Light
Horse
of
France
,
was
one
,
with
St.
Mesme
,
Bleré
,
the
Baron
de
Cose
,
de
Ramel
,
and
many
others
.
In
these
extremities
,
to
which
the
Duke
was
reduc●d
,
he
let
a
Footman
by
a
Rope
down
the
Castle-Wall
,
on
that
side
towards
the
Park
,
to
carry
Tagent
intelligence
of
the
danger
he
was
in
:
but
the
Fellow
was
no
sooner
down
,
than
intercepted
by
the
Inhabitants
,
who
had
every
where
set
Guards
to
that
purpose
:
notwithstanding
which
,
two
of
the
Duke's
Gentlemen
,
being
gone
early
abroad
a
Hunting
,
and
upon
the
noise
of
the
Tocquesain
they
heard
from
the
City
,
being
return'd
upon
the
spur
up
to
the
very
Gra●●e
of
the
Cittadel
,
to
know
the
meaning
of
it
,
were
soon
enform'd
,
and
as
soon
turn'd
full
speed
to
carry
Tagent
the
news
,
who
by
them
receiv'd
the
first
intimation
of
the
Duke's
danger
.
Tagent
,
upon
the
arrival
of
these
two
Gentlemen
,
caus'd
the
Trumpets
immediately
to
sound
to
Horse
,
and
presently
mounting
with
what
Cavalry
he
had
,
arriv'd
with
all
possible
diligence
at
the
Gates
of
Angoulesme
:
It
was
in
a
time
when
the
Duke
could
hardly
hold
out
any
longer
against
hunger
and
thirst
,
which
for
two
whole
days
he
had
sustain'd
,
without
any
kind
of
refreshment
,
that
little
provision
before
mentioned
having
been
equally
divided
amongst
his
Friends
,
the
Duke
disdaining
to
preserve
his
own
life
longer
than
he
could
also
support
so
many
brave
persons
,
as
so
franckly
expos'd
themselves
to
all
hazards
for
his
safety
.
The
people
had
in
the
mean
time
continued
their
first
Fury
,
in
which
they
had
been
assisted
,
and
advis'd
by
several
Gentlemen
of
the
Countrey
,
who
took
part
with
the
League
;
whereof
those
of
chief
note
were
Meré
,
a
man
who
was
a
particular
Servant
to
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
and
who
had
been
bred
up
in
his
Family
;
la
Messeliere
,
Les-Bouchaux
,
de
Macqueville
,
and
some
others
who
were
drawn
into
that
Faction
,
by
the
specious
pretense
of
Religion
,
a
Colour
by
which
most
men
of
that
time
were
pre-possess'd
,
and
abus'd
.
These
having
invested
the
Castle
on
all
sides
,
had
summon'd
the
Duke
to
Surrender
,
with
offers
of
free
Quarter
,
and
Bag
,
and
Baggage
to
him
,
and
his
;
a
Summons
to
which
the
Duke
had
smartly
reply'd
,
That
he
would
rather
choose
to
die
,
than
to
receive
the
least
courtesie
at
their
hands
;
and
that
he
hop'd
e're
long
to
reduce
them
to
such
a
straight
,
that
they
should
be
glad
to
receive
conditions
at
his
.
It
should
seem
that
in
this
occasion
the
Duke's
Enemies
would
also
give
his
Dutchess
an
opportunity
wherein
to
manifest
her
generous
Spirit
,
that
she
might
share
with
her
Husband
in
the
Honour
of
so
handsome
an
Action
;
for
having
already
found
there
was
no
good
to
be
done
upon
the
Castle
by
any
violent
means
they
could
practise
against
it
,
they
threatned
the
Dutchess
,
that
unless
she
did
perswade
the
Duke
her
Husband
to
make
a
speedy
Surrender
,
they
would
make
her
serve
for
a
Gabion
before
the
place
,
whither
they
accordingly
led
her
;
such
were
the
Complements
wherewith
a
Lady
of
her
Birth
,
and
Quality
was
entertain'd
by
these
rude
people
:
but
she
,
without
being
mov'd
with
their
threats
,
made
answer
to
those
who
talk'd
so
impudently
to
her
,
That
did
the
Duke
her
Husband's
Resolution
stand
in
need
of
incouragement
,
she
should
her self
desire
to
be
presented
before
him
,
that
she
might
fortifie
him
to
persist
in
his
defense
:
but
that
being
altogether
unnecessary
,
their
menaces
to
her
were
much
more
impertinent
;
that
nevertheless
she
could
not
but
wonder
,
at
their
insolence
,
and
that
she
durst
venture
to
Prophesie
,
she
should
e're
long
make
them
repent
it
;
and
afterwards
turning
towards
Meré
,
who
of
all
others
had
been
the
most
uncivil
to
her
,
she
reproach'd
him
with
his
barbarous
carriage
,
in
so
handsome
Language
,
with
so
masculine
a
courage
,
and
so
graceful
an
indignation
,
as
if
she
had
foreseen
all
the
good
success
,
that
soon
after
hapned
in
this
business
,
contrary
to
all
humane
expectation
.
The
enterprize
of
which
we
are
now
speaking
had
been
carried
on
with
that
secresie
,
and
had
so
surpriz'd
the
Duke
,
and
his
Family
,
that
there
were
only
eight
of
his
Guards
to
be
found
in
the
Castle
,
when
this
business
began
,
all
the
rest
having
been
trapt
in
the
Town
;
which
small
number
were
notwithstanding
so
conveniently
dispos'd
into
places
of
most
danger
,
and
were
so
expert
in
the
use
of
their
fire
Arms
,
that
it
was
observ'd
they
never
shot
in
vain
;
a
dexterity
that
has
since
grown
to
such
a
habit
in
all
who
have
succeeded
in
that
employment
,
that
they
have
ever
signaliz'd
themselves
by
their
Activity
,
and
Valour
,
above
all
others
upon
all
occasions
,
and
by
those
qualities
acquir'd
so
great
a
reputation
;
that
the
late
King
intending
to
raise
a
Troop
of
Dragoons
(
as
he
did
)
for
the
guard
of
his
own
person
,
did
them
the
honour
to
choose
six
out
of
the
Duke's
company
,
to
settle
the
Order
,
and
Discipline
of
that
Troop
.
If
the
Duke
were
himself
vigorously
assaulted
without
,
he
no
less
importun'd
the
Consul
,
and
his
Complices
within
the
Castle
,
who
nevertheless
defended
themselves
with
great
resolution
;
but
seeing
themselves
press'd
upon
by
the
fire
,
that
by
little
and
little
still
encreas'd
upon
them
;
by
hunger
likewise
,
and
the
Sword
,
and
finding
themselves
weakned
by
their
wounds
to
the
last
extremity
,
their
Ring-leader
at
the
point
to
die
,
and
themselves
out
of
all
hopes
of
relief
,
they
let
one
of
their
company
by
cloath
cut
into
shreds
,
and
tied
together
,
down
into
the
Castle
Ditch
,
to
acquaint
the
Sub-Consul
,
whose
name
was
Corlieu
,
with
the
condition
they
were
in
;
who
presently
assembling
the
people
,
and
consulting
with
them
about
their
Friends
necessity
,
it
was
soon
resolv'd
upon
,
that
they
should
come
to
Propositions
of
accommodation
;
in
order
to
which
the
Sub-C●●sul
presented
himself
before
the
Castle
,
and
demanded
a
Conference
;
which
being
granted
,
the
Abbot
D'
Elbene
,
and
Ambleville
drew
near
to
parley
with
him
.
But
before
they
could
come
to
any
conclusion
,
the
Consul
,
and
those
with
him
being
reduc'd
to
a
final
necessity
,
had
surrendred
themselves
upon
the
Duke's
word
;
which
notwithstanding
he
punctually
observ'd
to
them
without
the
least
injury
,
or
violence
(
though
the
Consul
died
of
his
Wounds
before
the
end
of
the
Action
)
yet
as
soon
as
he
had
them
in
his
power
,
he
order'd
them
to
write
to
those
of
the
City
,
what
danger
their
lives
were
in
,
should
they
any
more
offer
to
assault
the
Castle
:
A
Policy
that
oblig'd
their
Relations
so
to
importune
the
Sub-Consul
to
conclude
the
Treaty
,
that
he
again
return'd
to
the
Castle
to
intreat
the
Duke
,
that
Ambleville
,
and
D'
Elbene
might
come
into
the
City
to
Treat
with
them
,
which
Ambleville
absolutely
refus'd
to
do
;
it
being
,
as
he
conceiv'd
,
inconsistent
with
his
Honour
,
to
abandon
the
Duke
in
a
time
of
so
great
danger
:
So
that
the
Abbot
(
sufficient
Hostages
being
first
deliver'd
in
for
his
security
)
was
fain
to
go
out
alone
,
and
was
immediately
conducted
to
the
Town-Hall
.
The
Abbot
had
by
his
dexterity
brought
things
to
so
good
a
forwardness
,
that
the
Accommodation
was
upon
the
point
to
be
concluded
,
to
the
Duke's
Honour
,
and
satisfaction
,
when
le
Meré
,
who
would
by
no
means
lose
so
fair
an
opportunity
of
sacrificing
the
Duke
,
to
his
Master
the
Duke
of
Guise's
hatred
,
broke
off
the
Treaty
,
by
promising
the
people
a
speedy
,
and
infallible
succour
from
the
Vicount
D'
Aubeterre
;
who
(
as
he
said
)
having
receiv'd
express
Orders
from
the
King
,
was
with
all
possible
diligence
coming
in
to
their
assistance
.
The
Abbot
then
must
return
to
the
Castle
,
which
he
did
,
not
without
some
danger
;
so
high
was
the
insolence
of
the
people
rais'd
by
this
little
beam
of
hope
,
though
false
,
and
impos'd
upon
them
.
Every
one
now
ran
again
to
his
Arms
,
which
they
employ'd
with
greater
violence
than
before
;
the
Drums
,
the
Tocquesain
,
and
the
clamours
of
the
Seditious
rabble
,
indifferently
compelling
,
as
well
the
Nobility
,
and
Gentry
,
as
the
Commons
,
as
well
those
who
were
averse
to
the
League
,
as
the
Leaguers
themselves
to
joyn
in
the
common
mischief
.
The
hop'd
by
a
Petard
which
they
intended
to
apply
to
a
part
of
the
Castle-Wall
,
they
knew
to
be
very
weak
,
to
make
a
sufficient
breach
to
enter
at
;
which
accordingly
playing
,
and
having
wrought
some
effect
,
the
Gentry
,
and
the
people
presented
themselves
with
great
courage
to
the
Assault
;
bu●●hey
found
greater
in
the
Defendants
,
who
,
though
very
few
in
comparison
of
the
Assailants
,
after
a
long
dispute
,
forc'd
them
to
retire
,
with
the
loss
of
a
great
many
very
resolute
men
.
The
next
day
about
three
of
the
clock
in
the
morning
,
the
Inhabitants
heard
the
Trumpets
of
the
Duke's
Cavalry
,
who
were
led
by
the
Sieur
de
Tagent
to
his
Relief
;
the
report
of
whose
arrival
having
put
life
into
the
Commanders
and
Souldiers
of
the
Cittadel
,
they
began
to
shoot
against
the
City
,
which
till
then
they
had
never
done
:
And
if
the
arrival
of
this
succour
encouraged
the
one
party
,
it
no
less
coold
the
fury
,
and
obstinacy
of
the
other
;
who
now
began
submissively
to
sue
for
a
conclusion
of
the
Treaty
,
which
they
had
so
insolently
broken
off
the
day
before
,
and
sent
again
to
entreat
that
the
Abbot
D'
Elbene
might
once
more
come
out
to
that
purpose
;
a
request
the
Duke
made
then
some
difficulty
to
grant
,
though
in
truth
he
had
the
greatest
reason
to
desire
it
.
The
Abbot
nevertheless
went
out
the
second
time
into
the
City
,
but
as
vainly
as
before
;
for
the
Baron
de
Touverae
,
with
many
other
Gentlemen
of
the
League
being
arriv'd
,
and
amongst
others
La-Caze
,
Quarter-Master
to
the
Vicount
D'
Aubeterre's
Company
of
Cuirassiers
,
put
new
vigour
into
the
Inhabitants
;
La-Caze
assuring
them
,
that
the
next
morning
the
Vicount
would
infallibly
come
to
their
succour
,
with
three
hundred
Horse
,
and
five
hundred
Foot
;
by
which
the
Citizens
being
re-assur'd
,
they
now
breath'd
nothing
but
War
,
the
common
people
being
ever
as
forward
to
entertain
rash
and
giddy
resolutions
,
as
they
are
usually
backwards
,
and
cowardly
in
the
execution
of
them
.
The
Abbot
was
therefore
again
to
recover
the
Castle
,
and
that
with
greater
danger
than
before
,
being
first
carried
to
the
Gates
of
the
Cittadel
,
and
there
constrain'd
with
a
Dagger
at
his
Throat
,
to
forbid
the
Souldiers
from
shooting
any
more
against
the
City
,
which
nevertheless
they
did
not
forbear
to
do
:
The
Duke
(
press'd
upon
now
more
than
ever
by
those
of
the
City
)
having
found
means
,
from
the
high
Tower
of
the
Castle
,
to
give
a
sign
to
the
Commanders
of
the
Cittadel
,
who
might
easily
see
it
,
to
shoot
continually
,
so
to
divert
the
fury
of
the
Enemy
,
that
so
violently
assaulted
him
;
a
Command
so
well
understood
,
and
so
readily
obey'd
,
that
the
confusion
was
now
far
greater
in
all
parts
of
the
City
,
than
hitherto
it
had
ever
been
.
Neither
had
it
ceased
so
soon
,
had
not
the
Sieur
de
Nesmond
,
chief
Justice
of
the
place
,
a
man
of
great
authority
amongst
them
,
and
no
less
considerable
for
his
quality
,
than
his
Employment
,
with
such
of
the
principal
Magistrates
,
as
had
not
consented
to
this
tumult
,
resolv'd
to
joyn
all
their
interests
together
to
put
an
end
to
the
business
.
To
that
purpose
therefore
they
assembled
at
the
Bishops
Palace
.
This
Prelate
Charles
de
Bony
by
name
,
an
Italian
by
birth
,
having
long
govern'd
that
Diocess
with
great
reputation
of
Vertue
,
and
Piety
,
could
not
without
infinite
sorrow
behold
these
confusions
,
though
authoriz'd
by
the
League
,
and
palliated
with
the
pretext
of
Religion
;
so
that
in
this
Assembly
,
he
,
the
Magistrates
,
and
some
well
dispos'd
Citizens
,
having
consider'd
the
peril
the
City
was
in
,
as
also
their
own
particular
danger
,
who
were
likely
to
be
involv'd
in
the
common
ruine
,
uniting
themselves
against
the
seditious
,
with
some
Gentlemen
of
Quality
of
the
Country
(
who
being
come
in
at
the
noise
of
this
disorder
,
had
stood
neuters
during
the
whole
Action
)
sent
two
of
the
most
eminent
amongst
them
to
the
Duke
,
to
entreat
him
,
that
he
would
please
to
consent
that
the
Capitulation
,
which
had
been
agreed
upon
the
day
before
with
the
Abbot
D'
Elbene
,
might
be
Sign'd
,
and
Ra●ified
by
Tagent
,
who
was
with
his
Cavalry
in
the
Suburbs
;
a
request
was
readily
granted
by
the
Duke
,
who
was
now
no
longer
in
a
condition
,
had
he
been
so
dispos'd
,
to
refuse
it
.
It
had
now
been
above
forty
hours
since
the
Duke
,
or
any
of
those
who
were
with
him
in
the
Castle
had
either
drank
,
or
eaten
;
their
powder
was
all
spent
,
the
men
for
the
most
part
wounded
,
and
those
who
were
not
,
so
worn
out
with
watching
,
fasting
,
and
continual
labour
,
that
it
was
their
courage
only
that
did
support
them
;
a
support
that
would
soon
have
fail'd
them
,
with
their
lives
,
had
the
Besiegers
known
their
necessities
,
which
were
such
as
flesh
and
blood
could
no
longer
endure
:
But
God
,
who
reserv'd
the
Duke
for
better
occasions
,
was
pleas'd
to
deprive
them
of
that
knowledge
,
and
so
to
order
things
,
that
the
impatience
of
two
short
hours
deliver'd
him
from
that
eminent
,
and
apparent
danger
.
The
Abbot
D'
Elbene
therefore
went
out
the
third
,
and
last
time
into
the
City
;
and
,
together
with
the
Inhabitants
repair'd
to
Tagent
;
who
,
to
the
Duke
's
great
astonishment
had
all
this
while
stood
an
idle
Spectator
,
without
once
endeavouring
to
enter
the
Town
to
his
succour
:
'T
is
true
,
he
sign'd
the
Capitulation
,
which
was
all
the
share
he
had
in
this
business
:
But
the
Articles
were
no
sooner
Sign'd
,
than
they
immediately
fell
to
breaking
down
the
Barricadoes
,
the
people
retir'd
every
one
to
their
own
Houses
,
and
the
Dutchess
of
Espernon
was
conducted
to
the
Castle
by
the
aforesaid
Abbot
.
Where
being
come
,
The
end
of
the
Action
.
after
she
had
given
the
Duke
her
Husband
some
tender
,
and
affectionate
testimonies
of
joy
for
his
deliverance
;
the
first
thing
she
did
,
in
return
of
the
barbarous
usage
she
had
receiv'd
,
was
to
mediate
their
Pardons
,
by
whom
she
had
been
so
ill
us'd
,
with
the
Duke
;
who
,
though
he
had
meditated
a
severe
Revenge
upon
them
,
who
had
committed
so
great
an
outrage
against
him
,
was
notwithstanding
content
to
surrender
his
Animosities
to
the
generous
intercession
of
this
Vertuous
Lady
.
He
moreover
set
those
he
had
taken
Prisoners
with
the
Consul
at
Liberty
,
consented
that
Meré
,
with
the
other
Gentlemen
of
his
Party
,
should
retire
to
their
own
Houses
,
giving
them
a
Convoy
of
Light
Horse
for
their
defense
;
and
by
a
notable
effect
of
Generosity
,
and
good
Nature
,
having
restor'd
the
dead
Bodies
of
the
Consul
,
and
his
Brother
to
their
Relations
,
and
Friends
,
he
permitted
them
to
be
buried
with
publick
Obsequies
.
Lastly
,
he
so
franckly
pardon'd
all
the
rest
of
the
Citizens
,
that
not
any
one
of
them
,
who
would
afterwards
live
in
Peace
,
could
ever
perceive
in
him
the
least
memory
of
any
former
unkindness
;
but
on
the
contrary
,
receiv'd
from
him
all
the
good
Offices
,
and
gentle
Usage
they
could
expect
from
a
man
,
they
had
never
offended
:
by
which
exceeding
Clemency
,
and
by
the
protection
both
the
City
and
Country
receiv'd
from
him
,
for
the
space
of
fifty
years
,
which
he
afterwards
held
that
Government
,
he
so
won
the
hearts
of
that
people
,
that
there
was
not
one
of
them
who
would
not
chearfully
have
ventur'd
Life
,
and
Fortune
for
his
Service
,
and
who
have
not
,
to
this
hour
,
his
memory
in
great
Veneration
,
as
the
Father
,
Protector
,
and
Restorer
of
their
Country
.
The
King
of
Navarre
,
The
King
of
N●varre
endeavours
to
draw
the
Duke
over
to
his
Party
.
who
was
ever
so
intent
upon
his
own
Affairs
,
as
to
let
no
occasion
slip
,
that
he
conceiv'd
might
any
way
serve
to
advance
them
;
foreseeing
that
after
the
Assembly
which
was
to
be
holden
at
Blois
,
he
should
certainly
have
all
the
Forces
both
of
the
King
,
and
the
League
bent
joyntly
against
him
,
had
not
fail'd
to
send
to
the
Duke
upon
his
retirement
from
Court
,
(
a
time
very
proper
to
have
taken
his
Resentments
in
the
heat
,
had
he
been
a
Male-content
)
with
offers
of
as
high
,
and
honourable
conditions
,
as
he
himself
could
possibly
have
propos'd
,
if
he
would
joyn
with
him
.
To
which
the
Duke
equally
firm
in
his
Religion
,
and
Loyalty
,
made
answer
,
that
he
did
beseech
his
Majesty
to
reflect
upon
the
infinite
obligations
he
had
to
the
King
his
Master
;
and
then
he
did
assure
himself
,
that
his
own
generosity
,
would
for
ever
condemn
him
of
ingratitude
,
The
Duke
excuses
himself
.
should
he
abandon
his
Service
for
any
persecution
his
Enemies
could
practice
against
him
:
After
which
,
and
many
humble
,
and
respective
thanks
for
his
gracious
offer
,
he
gave
him
plainly
,
and
freely
to
understand
,
that
he
would
rather
perish
;
than
to
live
oblig'd
to
any
other
for
his
protection
,
than
to
him
who
was
the
sole
Author
of
his
Fortune
.
But
this
Prince
not
checking
,
at
this
first
refusal
,
would
yet
try
if
in
the
business
of
Angoulesme
,
by
his
own
Actions
,
and
Presence
,
he
could
not
work
more
effectually
upon
the
Duke
,
than
by
the
mediation
of
Agents
,
he
had
hitherto
done
;
and
to
that
purpose
,
being
advertis'd
of
this
enterprize
(
though
at
a
time
when
he
was
upon
the
point
to
fall
upon
the
City
,
and
Castle
of
Clisson
,
in
the
lower
Poictou
,
very
considerable
places
,
and
which
in
all
apparence
he
was
likely
to
carry
)
he
nevertheless
gave
over
the
Design
,
to
come
to
the
Duke's
Relief
:
A
deliberation
that
some
have
believ'd
,
was
not
so
much
intended
to
rescue
the
Duke
from
the
danger
he
was
in
,
as
to
make
use
of
that
occasion
,
in
the
Confusion
the
City
then
was
,
to
seize
upon
it
to
his
own
use
,
and
to
reduce
so
considerable
a
place
into
the
hands
of
his
own
Party
:
But
whatever
his
Design
was
,
he
met
intelligence
by
the
way
,
that
the
Duke
had
already
disingag'd
himself
from
his
Enemies
,
and
was
settled
in
a
posture
of
safety
:
by
which
though
he
found
he
should
come
too
late
to
do
the
Duke
any
Service
,
unwilling
nevertheless
to
lose
the
thanks
of
his
good
intention
,
The
King
of
Navarre
tries
again
to
perswade
the
Duke
,
but
in
vain
.
he
sent
to
congratulate
with
him
for
his
happy
Deliverance
,
which
he
said
was
so
much
the
more
glorious
to
him
,
as
it
was
wrought
out
of
himself
,
and
effected
by
his
own
Valour
,
and
Constancy
;
advising
him
withal
to
consider
how
many
of
the
like
attempts
he
was
to
expect
from
his
Enemies
malice
;
withal
once
more
offering
to
joyn
his
Interests
with
his
,
and
to
run
the
same
Fortune
with
him
in
all
hazards
.
But
the
Duke
answering
still
with
the
same
civility
,
and
respect
he
had
done
before
,
without
suffering
himself
to
be
tempted
from
the
duty
he
ow'd
to
the
King
his
Master
,
continued
constant
in
his
Resolution
,
never
to
take
part
with
any
,
who
were
his
open
and
declared
Enemies
.
In
this
place
methinks
the
Duke
of
Espernon
is
chiefly
to
be
consider'd
,
to
make
thence
a
right
judgment
of
the
greatness
and
constancy
of
his
mind
:
He
had
scarce
been
seven
years
a
Favourite
,
when
he
saw
the
prodigious
Engine
of
the
League
ready
to
fall
upon
him
;
a
body
so
formidable
,
and
so
great
,
as
having
already
constrain'd
the
King
himself
to
bow
before
it
,
made
all
those
of
the
Reformed
Religion
to
tremble
at
its
motion
;
no
Authority
was
able
to
stop
it
,
no
Power
to
resist
it
,
yet
could
it
never
startle
this
young
Dukes
constancy
:
But
on
the
contrary
,
though
he
saw
himself
forsaken
by
the
King
,
and
expos'd
to
the
malice
of
his
Enemies
;
though
he
saw
the
people
,
in
his
own
Governments
,
rais'd
in
mutiny
against
him
,
and
all
things
as
it
were
conspiring
together
to
his
Ruine
;
yet
could
he
not
even
in
these
extremities
ever
submit
to
the
King
of
Navarre's
Protection
,
though
offer'd
,
and
so
handsomely
offered
to
him
:
but
though
alone
in
his
own
Quarrel
,
at
least
without
other
assistance
than
of
his
Friends
and
Servants
,
he
had
yet
the
courage
to
defend
his
own
Interests
,
and
the
Service
of
his
Prince
,
even
against
his
Prince
himself
,
who
was
now
become
General
of
his
own
Enemies
;
Yet
had
he
ever
so
excellent
a
Government
over
himself
,
as
to
do
nothing
contrary
to
his
Conscience
,
or
his
Duty
:
So
that
not
being
to
be
mov'd
either
by
the
Menaces
of
the
League
,
or
by
the
Hopes
he
might
reasonably
conceive
from
the
assistance
of
those
of
the
Reform'd
Religion
,
he
subdu'd
those
two
Passions
that
exercise
the
most
absolute
Empire
over
the
minds
of
men
,
and
that
bear
the
greatest
sway
in
all
Humane
Designs
.
The
end
of
the
Second
Book
.
THE
HISTORY
Of
the
LIFE
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
The
Third
Book
.
WHilst
the
Dukes
Enemies
exercis'd
his
Vertue
with
these
continual
troubles
,
The
Affairs
of
the
Court
during
the
Duke's
absence
.
they
were
themselves
no
less
afflicted
with
their
own
Ambition
.
The
Assembly
of
the
Estates
was
held
at
Blo●s
,
where
all
things
in
outward
shew
were
dispos'd
in
favour
of
the
Duke
of
Guise
:
but
still
as
he
approach'd
nearer
to
his
Object
,
the
greater
the
height
,
and
the
more
difficult
the
access
unto
the
place
,
to
which
he
aspir'd
,
appear'd
unto
him
:
That
one
remaining
step
he
was
to
climb
,
to
reach
the
height
of
his
desires
,
seeming
to
rise
still
further
from
him
,
as
oft
as
he
attempted
to
gain
it
.
So
that
tir'd
out
with
so
many
present
difficulties
,
and
apprehending
yet
more
those
which
were
to
come
,
The
Duke
of
Guise
in
suspense
,
whether
or
no
he
should
pursue
his
Designs
.
't
is
said
he
was
often
almost
resolv'd
to
leave
off
his
Designs
,
and
to
rely
upon
the
King's
Word
,
that
had
so
often
assur'd
him
the
enjoyment
of
his
present
greatness
,
wherein
also
he
doubted
not
without
any
great
difficulty
to
maintain
himself
.
The
Duke
of
Mayenne
,
either
jealous
(
as
some
have
thought
)
of
his
Brothers
Greatness
,
or
else
of
a
more
moderate
temper
,
than
the
rest
of
his
Family
,
had
often
advis'd
him
to
this
Resolution
;
but
the
Cardinal
their
Brother
,
and
the
Archbishop
of
Lyons
,
were
the
Incendiaries
,
that
rekindled
his
dying
Ambition
,
and
that
hurried
him
on
to
that
precipice
,
into
which
they
themselves
at
last
fell
with
him
:
They
represented
to
him
by
what
infinite
labours
,
and
industry
they
had
plac'd
him
in
that
height
to
which
he
was
already
arriv'd
;
That
if
he
ever
had
resolv'd
there
to
limit
his
desires
,
and
to
content
himself
with
a
competent
Fortune
,
he
ought
never
to
have
undertaken
those
pains
,
nor
to
have
undergone
those
dangers
he
had
so
gloriously
,
and
so
fortunately
overcome
;
That
the
merit
of
his
Ancestors
had
left
him
greatness
enough
to
satisfie
an
ordinary
Ambition
:
but
that
if
he
ever
had
the
thought
of
rising
above
them
,
as
doubtless
he
had
,
the
way
was
open
to
him
,
and
that
he
had
already
overcome
the
greatest
difficulties
:
That
the
greater
part
of
France
stood
for
him
,
and
that
almost
all
Foreign
Princes
,
and
States
were
favourable
to
him
:
That
God
himself
seem'd
to
take
his
part
,
by
giving
him
a
negligent
and
voluptuous
Prince
;
whose
nature
being
softned
,
and
unnerv'd
by
ease
,
and
sloth
,
had
laid
him
open
to
his
Designs
:
That
it
was
an
easie
matter
in
the
condition
himself
then
was
,
to
make
him
sure
:
That
not
suddenly
to
do
it
,
it
was
to
be
fear'd
the
King
might
recover
from
his
Lethargy
;
and
,
looking
into
himself
,
might
re-assume
his
former
vigour
,
and
recover
his
almost
lost
Authori●y
:
That
the
very
fear
the
King
then
liv'd
in
,
ought
to
be
highly
suspected
to
him
:
That
no
Counsels
were
so
violent
and
dangerous
,
as
those
that
proceeded
from
apprehension
,
or
extream
necessity
:
That
he
infinitely
deceiv'd
himself
,
if
he
thought
there
could
be
any
safety
for
him
(
what
promises
soever
the
King
might
make
)
in
that
height
to
which
he
had
already
rais'd
himself
:
That
the
Fortune
of
a
Subject
was
never
more
unstable
,
and
unsafe
,
than
when
it
rendred
him
suspected
to
his
Prince
:
That
he
must
boldly
therefore
step
out
of
the
quality
of
a
Subject
,
if
he
would
be
out
of
the
danger
of
a
Sovereign
.
They
further
remonstrated
to
him
what
Opinion
all
Europe
,
who
were
joyn'd
together
in
his
Favour
,
what
all
good
Frenchmen
,
who
were
passionate
in
his
cause
,
what
all
posterity
(
to
which
he
ought
to
have
a
greater
regard
,
than
to
the
present
)
could
have
of
his
courage
;
if
the
Duke
of
Guise
only
should
think
himself
unworthy
of
that
Dignity
,
to
which
all
the
world
besides
so
passionately
wish'd
he
might
arrive
:
That
he
ought
then
boldly
to
end
,
what
he
had
so
generously
begun
,
and
so
gloriously
pursu'd
;
and
that
though
death
it self
should
follow
(
which
was
not
in
the
least
to
be
doubted
)
it
were
notwithstanding
more
honourable
to
perish
in
so
brave
a
Design
,
than
to
survive
the
shame
of
not
daring
to
perform
it
.
The
Duke
of
Guise
,
The
Duke
of
Guise
confirm'd
●n
his
first
resolutions
.
whose
ambitious
and
unquiet
Spirit
was
apt
enough
to
take
fire
at
such
Counsels
,
as
these
haughty
,
and
mutinous
Prelates
were
fit
to
give
,
was
soon
perswaded
to
renew
his
former
practice
;
and
,
as
if
he
had
only
suspended
the
prosecution
of
his
Designs
to
take
a
little
breath
,
that
he
might
fall
on
with
greater
violence
,
he
presently
sent
new
dispatches
to
Rome
,
and
into
Spain
,
still
more
and
more
to
fortifie
himself
in
the
Authority
of
the
one
,
and
Strength
of
the
other
,
assuring
further
to
himself
at
the
same
time
,
either
by
promises
,
or
threats
,
by
himself
or
by
his
Adherents
,
almost
all
the
suffrages
of
the
several
Deputies
of
the
Assembly
:
which
the
King
,
to
whom
all
these
practices
were
very
well
known
,
being
enform'd
of
▪
and
then
seeing
the
manifest
danger
he
was
in
of
losing
both
his
Authority
,
and
his
Crown
,
The
King
resolves
upon
his
death
he
determined
to
prevent
the
Duke
by
Counsels
as
severe
and
bloody
,
as
his
own
were
rash
and
mutinous
,
and
to
cut
him
off
before
he
should
have
time
to
effect
what
he
had
so
politickly
,
and
so
dangerously
design'd●
A
resolution
which
,
●eing
soon
agreed
upon
with
some
of
the
Nobility
,
his
Majesty
knew
most
faithful
to
him
,
had
the
execution
of
it
without
further
delay
committed
to
eight
of
the
five
and
forty
.
These
five
and
forty
were
all
of
them
Gentlemen
of
approved
Valour
,
and
for
whose
fidelity
they
who
had
recommended
them
to
the
King
,
stood
themselves
engag'd
;
so
that
of
this
Company
(
to
which
the
number
had
given
the
name
)
his
Majesty
made
his
most
assured
Guard
(
the
greatest
part
of
his
Domesticks
being
become
suspected
to
him
)
and
as
it
were
wholly
entrusted
the
safety
of
his
Person
to
their
Fidelity
,
and
care
:
They
attended
him
where-ever
he
went
,
they
nightly
kept
Guard
in
his
Anti-Chamber
;
and
(
as
nothing
is
so
powerful
as
benefits
to
win
the
hearts
,
and
affections
of
men
)
there
was
not
one
of
them
,
who
,
besides
his
Salary
of
an
hundred
Crowns
of
Gold
a
month
(
which
was
very
much
in
those
times
)
had
not
over
and
above
either
receiv'd
,
or
had
not
very
good
reason
to
expect
,
great
recompenses
from
his
Royal
bounty
:
So
that
these
men
being
absolutely
ty'd
to
all
his
Majesties
Interests
,
it
was
no
hard
matter
to
induce
them
to
make
an
attempt
upon
the
Person
of
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
against
whom
the
King
had
conceiv'd
a
violent
,
and
implacable
Hatred
.
I
shall
here
say
nothing
of
the
manner
and
circumstances
of
the
Death
of
this
Duke
,
nor
of
that
of
the
Cardinal
of
Guise
his
Brother
,
who
at
the
same
time
came
to
the
same
violent
end
,
most
of
our
Historians
being
particular
in
that
Relation
:
but
I
can
bear
testimony
that
the
Duke
of
Espernon
did
neither
then
,
nor
ever
since
approve
of
that
execution
;
and
that
although
he
had
receiv'd
very
hard
measure
from
the
Duke
in
his
life
,
he
notwithstanding
had
his
great
qualities
in
high
esteem
after
his
death
.
And
indeed
he
had
so
often
,
and
so
generously
employ'd
those
rare
Endowments
for
the
safety
and
honour
of
the
Kingdom
,
that
his
Vertue
could
never
have
been
too
highly
commended
,
could
he
have
added
the
qualities
of
a
good
Subject
,
to
those
other
excellencies
which
rendred
him
one
of
the
greatest
men
of
his
time
.
A
little
before
the
Duke
of
Guise's
death
,
the
King
had
dismist
from
Court
the
High
Chancellor
Chiverny
,
and
the
●ieures
de
Believre
,
and
de
Villeroy
,
Secretaries
of
State
,
upon
considerations
that
were
then
variously
interpreted
;
though
the
King
would
have
the
Duke
of
Espernon
believe
,
that
the
chief
cause
of
Mounsieur
de
Villeroy's
disgrace
was
the
business
of
Angoulesme
,
which
his
Majesty
wholly
laid
to
his
charge
;
New
Ministers
chosen
after
the
Duke
of
Guise's
Death
.
and
that
the
Duke
might
the
better
be
confirm'd
in
this
opinion
,
the
Sieur
de
Révol
,
a
particular
creature
of
the
Dukes
,
one
that
was
,
under
him
,
Comptroller
of
the
Exchequer
of
Provence
,
and
that
had
no
interest
at
Court
saving
his
Protection
,
was
receiv'd
into
his
Place
.
His
Majesty
had
no
sooner
absolutely
determin'd
the
Duke
of
Guise's
Ruine
,
than
that
foreseeing
the
consequences
so
bloody
an
execution
was
likely
to
draw
after
it
,
he
dispatch'd
away
Colonel
Alphonso
Corso
,
afterwards
Mareschal
d'Ornano
,
to
seize
upon
the
Duke
of
Mayen●e
at
Lyons
,
where
he
then
resided
;
which
,
if
it
could
have
been
in
time
effected
,
his
Majesty
had
in
all
apparence
been
secur'd
from
the
greatest
part
of
those
mischiefs
which
this
action
afterwards
produc'd
:
but
the
Duke
,
having
receiv'd
the
news
of
his
Brothers
Deaths
some
hours
before
Alphonso's
arrival
,
was
already
in
great
diligence
got
to
Horse
,
and
fled
out
at
one
Gate
of
the
City
as
Ornano
entred
at
another
to
surprize
him
,
and
by
that
means
first
recovered
Dijon
,
and
afterwards
Paris
,
without
any
impediment
:
Where
he
was
no
sooner
arriv'd
,
than
that
laying
aside
that
moderation
he
had
euer
manifested
,
during
his
Brother's
Life
,
he
declar'd
himself
Head
of
that
Party
,
he
had
ever
till
then
,
to
his
great
Reputation
,
seem'd
to
condemn
;
and
drawing
together
all
the
Forces
of
the
League
that
lay
scatter'd
up
and
down
in
several
places
,
he
of
them
,
without
stirring
from
Paris
,
made
a
very
considerable
Army
.
His
Majesty
easily
judg'd
that
this
storm
would
suddenly
break
upon
him
,
and
fail'd
not
,
out
of
that
foresight
,
to
call
all
his
principal
Servants
about
him
,
which
nevertheless
made
up
but
an
inconsiderable
Body
,
and
such
as
could
no
ways
secure
him
from
any
attempt
of
the
Enemy
:
So
that
he
was
advis'd
to
send
once
more
to
the
King
of
Navarre
,
to
intreat
him
to
advance
with
his
Troops
to
his
succour
,
which
notwithstanding
the
King
not
being
able
to
perswade
himself
to
do
,
(
his
regard
to
Religion
,
and
the
〈◊〉
he
bore
to
the
Pope
,
opposing
that
Council
)
he
only
at
that
time
sent
Orders
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
who
had
then
a
considerable
Force
on
Foot
to
come
over
to
him
;
though
afterwards
,
and
after
many
deliberations
,
being
also
dispos'd
to
call
in
the
King
of
Navar●e
,
he
sent
to
the
Duke
,
that
before
he
put
himself
upon
his
march
,
he
should
first
go
to
this
Prince
,
to
make
the
first
overtures
of
this
business
to
him
.
The
Sieur
de
Beaujeu
was
purposely
dispatch'd
to
the
Duke
with
these
Orders
,
which
were
no
sooner
receiv'd
by
him
,
than
he
departed
from
Angoulesme
to
go
to
St
,
Iean
d'
Angely
,
where
the
King
of
Navarre
then
was
;
and
where
having
found
him
well
dispos'd
,
and
very
ready
to
do
his
Majesty
the
Service
he
desired
of
his
Person
,
and
Faction
,
he
immediately
made
himself
ready
to
go
to
the
King
;
The
Duke
call'd
back
to
Court
.
who
,
seeing
his
Enemies
now
ready
to
fall
upon
him
,
had
sent
a
new
,
and
instant
Express
to
the
Duke
in
all
haste
to
come
,
and
joyn
with
him
:
which
express
Order
to
satisfie
with
the
greatest
diligence
,
he
rather
chose
to
leave
the
Negotiation
he
had
already
so
successfully
begun
with
the
King
of
Navarre
,
to
the
Dutchess
of
Angoulesme
(
who
soon
after
brought
it
to
effect
)
than
one
moment
to
defer
his
attendance
on
his
Master
in
so
critical
a
time
,
and
on
so
urgent
an
occasion
.
All
these
great
transactions
hapned
at
Court
,
Anno
1589.
after
the
Duke
of
Espernon
had
retir'd
himself
from
thence
into
his
Governments
.
Neither
was
he
in
his
retirement
,
or
in
his
choice
of
the
place
he
retir'd
unto
,
either
unactive
in
himself
,
or
in
a
Scene
improper
for
his
Majesties
Service
;
for
he
was
no
sooner
disingag'd
from
the
enterprize
of
Angoulesme
,
but
that
he
put
himself
immediately
into
a
condition
to
awe
many
of
his
ill
Neighbours
in
the
adjoyning
Provinces
,
so
as
either
to
continue
them
in
,
or
to
make
them
return
unto
their
duty
:
Some
actions
of
the
Duke
during
his
retirement
.
For
which
purpose
having
increas'd
his
Forces
,
the
first
occasion
he
had
to
employ
them
was
against
those
of
the
Religion
;
who
having
be●ieg'd
Periguex
,
and
upon
the
point
to
make
themselves
Masters
of
the
place
,
at
the
Duke's
approach
rais'd
the
Siege
in
great
disorder
,
and
retir'd
not
without
some
considerable
loss
.
The
Duke
was
after
this
preparing
himself
for
greater
enterprizes
,
when
Beaujeu
brought
him
those
foremention'd
Orders
from
the
King
;
by
whom
having
understood
the
great
preparations
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
made
to
come
first
to
Blois
,
and
from
thence
to
Tou●s
,
whither
the
King
had
then
retir'd
himself
;
and
knowing
his
Majesty
almost
naked
of
all
defense
,
and
as
it
were
,
expos'd
to
the
violence
of
his
Enemies
,
he
thought
it
necessary
upon
the
instant
to
move
with
all
his
Forces
that
way
,
and
at
the
same
time
by
a
Gentleman
to
give
his
Majesty
notice
of
his
motion
,
that
he
might
receive
his
Majesties
Commands
upon
the
way
:
By
which
Gentleman
the
King
sent
him
presently
word
,
that
the
most
important
service
he
could
then
do
him
,
was
to
put
himself
into
Blois
.
For
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
having
resolv'd
to
make
his
first
attempt
upon
that
place
,
either
by
the
ruine
of
the
Castle
to
revenge
in
part
the
death
of
his
two
Brothers
,
who
there
last
their
lives
;
or
to
make
that
City
(
which
by
its
vicinity
to
Tours
,
was
very
proper
to
watch
all
advantages
against
the
King
)
his
seat
of
War
;
his
Majesty
conceiv'd
there
would
be
little
security
for
him
in
Tours
,
should
his
Enemy
possess
himself
of
that
Post
,
and
had
therefore
bent
all
his
care
,
and
endeavour
to
preserve
it
out
of
the
power
of
the
League
.
His
Majesty
would
have
put
the
Mareschal
de
Biron
into
that
place
,
and
afterwards
,
he
having
excus'd
himself
,
the
Mareschal
d'
Aumont
;
but
both
the
one
,
and
the
other
having
refus'd
the
danger
of
defending
,
and
with
unequal
Forces
,
a
place
,
that
being
in
it self
open
on
all
sides
,
was
not
well
to
be
defended
,
and
that
was
to
expect
the
first
fury
of
the
League
to
be
bent
against
it
,
his
Majesty
turn'd
his
thoughts
towards
the
Duke
of
Espernon
;
and
knowing
that
the
difficulty
of
the
undertaking
would
be
no
little
motive
to
make
the
Duke
embrace
it
,
his
Majesty
sent
him
word
,
that
the
Mareschals
de
Biron
,
and
d'
Aumont
had
both
of
them
already
excus'd
themselves
from
that
Employment
;
and
that
he
only
remain'd
,
from
whose
Valour
and
Fidelity
he
could
promise
to
himself
so
signal
,
and
so
honourable
a
Service
in
so
difficult
an
undertaking
,
and
in
so
dangerous
a
time
;
that
the
defense
of
that
City
was
of
pressing
,
and
immediate
concern
;
but
that
withal
he
should
be
infinitely
glad
to
see
him
,
and
that
he
therefore
left
it
to
his
own
free
choice
,
and
judgment
,
either
to
come
immediately
to
him
,
or
to
defer
giving
him
that
satisfaction
,
till
the
occasion
,
which
at
present
call'd
him
another
way
,
should
be
past
,
The
D●ke's
Forces
.
and
blown
over
.
The
Duke
had
then
in
his
Army
four
thousand
and
five
hundred
Foot
,
five
hundred
Light
Horse
,
and
three
hundred
Harquebusiers
on
Horse-back
,
besides
other
Levies
he
had
order'd
should
be
made
in
the
Country
,
which
accordingly
soon
after
came
to
him
;
of
which
he
detain'd
three
thousand
Foot
,
with
a
proportion
of
Horse
for
the
defense
of
Blois
,
and
the
rest
he
sent
away
to
the
King
under
the
command
of
Moncassin
and
〈◊〉
Curé●
;
from
which
Forces
his
Majesty
receiv'd
no
little
assistance
in
the
occasion
that
soon
after
hapned
before
Tours
.
The
Duke
in
the
mean
time
,
according
to
the
King's
Order
,
took
his
way
towards
Blois
,
and
interpreting
the
Liberty
his
Majesty
had
so
freely
given
him
,
(
either
presently
to
repair
to
Court
,
or
to
defer
it
〈◊〉
a
fitter
season
)
as
he
ought
to
do
;
he
conceiv'd
〈…〉
by
his
duty
,
●
rather
to
deprive
himself
of
that
present
Honour
,
and
Satisfaction
,
than
any
ways
to
neglect
that
Service
was
expected
from
him
.
Advancing
therefore
with
all
diligence
,
and
his
way
lying
through
Amboise
,
where
the
Arch-Bishop
of
Lyons
had
been
detain'd
Prisoner
,
A
generous
act
of
the
Duke
.
ever
since
the
death
of
the
Guises
;
he
(
although
the
Bishop
was
his
capital
Enemy
,
and
a
man
from
whom
of
all
others
he
had
receiv'd
the
most
sensible
injuries
)
would
nevertheless
go
give
him
a
visit
in
the
Castle
.
The
sad
estate
,
and
present
condition
of
this
Prelate
,
had
so
far
reconcil'd
the
Duke
unto
him
,
that
in
return
of
all
former
injuries
,
after
he
had
some
time
entertain'd
him
with
some
consolatory
Expressions
,
as
towards
his
present
Fortune
;
he
afterwards
made
him
a
promise
,
as
soon
as
ever
he
should
see
the
King
,
to
labour
with
all
his
Industry
,
and
Interest
,
for
his
Enlargement
;
as
after
he
did
,
it
being
one
of
the
first
Requests
he
made
,
and
obtain'd
,
after
his
return
to
Cou●t
.
From
thence
,
having
recover'd
Blois
,
he
presently
fell
to
fortifying
the
place
,
and
in
few
days
put
it
into
so
good
a
posture
of
Defense
,
that
it
would
be
no
easie
matter
to
force
it
.
He
also
put
into
St.
〈◊〉
,
a
little
Town
upon
the
Road
,
betwixt
that
,
and
Paris
,
the
Count
de
Brienne
,
his
Brother-in-law
,
and
the
Sieur
d'
Ambleville
,
with
eight
hundred
Men
,
the
most
part
Horse
;
which
he
did
,
not
so
much
out
of
design
to
keep
that
place
,
which
he
knew
was
not
to
be
defended
,
as
for
some
few
days
to
stop
the
progress
of
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
,
and
by
that
means
to
give
the
King
some
leisure
to
fortifie
himself
:
A
design
that
succeeded
accordingly
;
for
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
not
being
able
to
carry
this
place
by
assault
,
and
obstinate
in
the
taking
of
it
,
having
staid
to
lay
a
formal
Siege
,
D'
Avila●
although
he
took
it
in
the
end
,
and
in
it
the
Count
de
Brienne
,
Ambleville
,
and
some
other
Gentlemen
upon
composition
;
yet
having
lost
four
days
time
in
the
Action
,
he
gave
so
much
respite
to
the
King
,
who
had
very
great
need
of
it
,
to
prepare
himself
.
This
block
in
the
Duke
of
Mayen●e's
way
,
was
perhaps
none
of
the
least
things
that
concurr'd
to
the
preservation
of
the
Royal
Affairs
:
but
whether
it
were
or
no
,
the
Duke
was
however
infinitely
condemn'd
for
having
so
wilfully
set
himself
upon
an
Enterprize
of
so
little
moment
,
in
a
time
when
nothing
could
be
so
advantageous
as
diligence
to
the
execution
of
his
Designs
.
The
Duke
of
Mayenne
,
measuring
by
this
first
Essay
the
opposition
he
was
likely
to
meet
withal
from
the
Duke
of
Espernon
at
Blois
,
alter'd
his
design
of
attempting
that
place
,
and
resolv'd
without
further
delay
to
turn
the
torrent
of
his
Arms
upon
the
King
himself
,
and
against
the
City
of
Tours
,
where
his
Majesty
then
resided
.
The
King
of
Navarre
had
joyn'd
himself
with
his
Majesty
but
the
day
before
,
and
had
with
his
men
taken
up
his
Quarter
in
one
of
the
Suburbs
of
the
City
;
whom
his
Majesty
being
gone
to
visit
in
his
Quarters
,
and
walking
with
him
abroad
,
the
earnestness
of
their
discourse
had
unawares
drawn
them
so
far
out
of
the
Suburbs
,
that
the
Avant
Coureurs
of
the
Duke
of
Mayenne's
Army
mist
very
little
of
surprizing
them
both
,
and
consequently
of
making
an
end
of
the
War
,
almost
as
soon
as
begun
:
but
the
two
Kings
notwithstanding
being
happily
retir'd
within
their
strength
,
the
Skirmish
grew
hot
on
both
sides
,
and
then
it
was
that
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
Troops
signalized
themselves
.
For
Moncassin
long
,
M●●●sieur
〈◊〉
Tho●
.
and
bravely
defending
himself
in
the
very
face
,
and
against
the
first
fury
of
the
Enemy
,
was
there
wounded
in
the
presence
of
the
King
,
who
was
himself
Spectator
of
the
Fight
;
and
who
,
during
all
which
with
a
constancy
far
from
any
shew
of
that
effeminacy
his
Enemies
had
so
often
laid
to
his
charge
,
himself
gave
the
whole
direction
,
and
continued
in
the
danger
till
the
end
of
the
Action
.
The
Duke
of
Mayenne
being
frustrated
in
his
Design
upon
Blois
,
and
baffled
before
Tours
,
principally
through
the
Duke's
opposition
,
and
that
of
his
Forces
,
seeing
nothing
was
now
to
be
effected
,
resolv'd
to
retire
without
attempting
any
thing
further
at
that
time
;
upon
which
retreat
hapned
the
total
dissolution
of
his
Army
:
whereas
on
the
contrary
,
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
Forces
grew
still
greater
in
strength
,
and
reputation
;
who
having
lately
receiv'd
a
recruit
of
fifteen
hundred
foot
,
and
three
hundred
Dragoons
,
The
Duke
re-inforc'd
by
new
Supplies
.
the
Royal
Army
receiv'd
a
greater
increase
from
those
Regiments
he
had
brought
over
to
the
service
,
than
from
any
other
whatsoever
.
The
King
of
Navarre
had
not
yet
had
leisure
to
draw
his
Forces
together
,
they
being
dispers'd
into
several
parts
,
as
was
most
convenient
for
the
preservation
of
such
places
as
were
in
the
possession
of
the
Hugonot
Party
;
by
which
it
may
easily
be
imagin'd
,
the
King
could
have
no
very
considerable
Army
;
yet
was
it
necessary
to
make
use
of
the
disorder
the
Leaguers
were
then
in
,
which
oblig'd
the
King
upon
great
probabilities
,
and
almost
assurance
of
signal
advantages
to
be
reap'd
by
it
,
to
resolve
upon
leaving
●ours
;
and
to
make
directly
for
Paris
.
In
this
March
the
King
of
Navarre
commanded
the
Vant-Guard
of
the
Army
,
The
Command
of
the
Rear-guard
reserv'd
for
the
D●ke
of
Espernon
.
and
his
Majesty
himself
the
main
Battel
,
reserving
the
command
of
the
Rear
for
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
and
that
in
the
very
face
of
the
Mareschals
de
Biron
,
and
d'
Aumont
,
and
of
all
the
other
Nobility
who
were
then
about
his
Person
.
It
was
at
this
time
that
the
Duke
came
up
to
the
King
,
The
Duke's
arrival
at
the
Army
,
and
his
favourable
reception
.
by
whom
he
was
receiv'd
with
all
the
honour
,
and
kindness
he
could
expect
from
his
Majesties
old
Affection
to
him
,
now
newly
reviv'd
by
the
important
Services
he
had
so
lately
receiv'd
from
his
Fidelity
,
and
Valour
:
And
then
it
was
that
his
Majesty
,
never
thinking
he
could
sufficiently
evidence
the
esteem
he
had
for
him
,
endeavour'd
(
till
better
times
should
render
him
capable
of
a
better
acknowledgement
)
principally
to
satisfie
him
concerning
all
things
that
had
past
during
his
absence
from
Court
,
receiving
him
into
a
degree
of
greater
Privacy
,
and
trust
,
than
he
had
ever
been
in
,
in
his
highest
pitch
of
Favour
.
The
Duke
,
that
he
might
make
a
grateful
return
to
those
infinite
testimonies
he
receiv'd
of
the
King
his
Masters
great
affection
to
him
,
sought
on
his
part
all
occasions
to
please
him
in
all
things
;
and
knowing
very
well
he
could
not
give
him
a
greater
,
nor
a
more
signal
satisfaction
,
than
to
reconcile
himself
to
the
Mareschal
d'
Aumont
,
a
man
very
acceptable
to
,
and
in
great
esteem
with
his
Majesty
,
but
who
had
long
been
upon
ill
terms
with
the
Duke
;
he
went
one
day
franckly
to
his
Lodging
,
and
without
regarding
the
formalities
usual
in
such
Accommodations
,
there
made
him
offers
of
Reconciliation
,
and
Friendship
;
the
greatest
violence
imaginable
to
his
own
nature
,
of
it self
not
easie
to
be
reconciled
(
an
humour
in
which
he
has
ever
since
persisted
,
but
too
obstinately
for
the
advantage
of
his
own
Affairs
)
but
the
desire
he
had
to
gratifie
the
King
his
Master
overcame
that
difficulty
,
M●unsi●●●
de
〈◊〉
.
whose
great
Interest
it
was
,
that
those
few
Servants
,
who
continued
about
his
Person
,
and
were
faithful
to
him
,
should
live
in
perfect
intelligence
with
one
another
.
The
Duke
therefore
having
embrac'd
the
Mareschal
,
told
him
,
That
he
was
come
with
all
freedom
,
and
candour
,
to
desire
his
Friendship
,
as
also
to
make
him
a
tender
of
his
;
that
the
evil
intelligence
they
had
so
long
liv'd
in
could
not
but
be
prejudicial
to
his
Majesties
Service
,
which
they
both
so
zealously
desired
to
promote
;
That
there
had
no
o●●ense
past
betwixt
them
,
wherein
their
Honours
could
be
any
ways
concern'd
;
that
if
notwithstanding
he
had
entertain'd
some
little
discontents
,
he
desir'd
him
to
forget
them
;
as
for
his
part
,
and
that
sincerely
,
he
would
blot
out
all
memory
of
his
.
The
Mareschal
,
overcome
by
this
generous
,
and
unexpected
freedom
,
as
readily
met
the
Duke
in
his
courtesie
,
like
a
true
Frenchman
,
laying
open
his
bosom
to
the
reconciliation
with
more
sincerity
,
and
affection
than
ever
:
Whereupon
they
both
of
them
went
immediately
to
the
King
,
who
was
not
a
little
pleas'd
at
an
Accommodation
so
important
to
his
Service
;
and
having
been
particularly
inform'd
of
the
Duke's
manner
of
proceeding
,
gave
it
the
favourable
interpretation
due
to
so
noble
an
Action
;
so
that
still
more
,
and
more
encreasing
the
esteem
,
and
kindness
he
had
for
him
,
he
made
it
so
highly
,
He
enters
into
higher
favour
than
ever
.
and
so
publickly
appear
,
as
gave
D'Avila
occasion
to
say
,
he
was
re-establish'd
in
the
highest
degree
of
Favour
he
had
ever
been
,
as
it
was
effectually
true
,
whatever
D'
Aubigné
is
pleas'd
to
write
to
the
contrary
.
The
same
D'
Aubigné
,
a
man
very
perfect
in
calumny
,
and
with
which
he
continually
bespatters
all
the
King's
Actions
,
contrary
to
the
truth
known
and
receiv'd
by
all
the
world
,
says
further
,
That
they
had
much
ado
to
prevail
with
the
King
to
march
his
Army
out
of
Tours
towards
Paris
;
that
the
King
of
Navarre
was
forc'd
to
use
all
manner
of
perswasion
,
and
even
a
certain
kind
of
violence
to
bring
him
to
it
:
but
besides
that
all
our
Historians
are
contrary
to
him
in
this
,
the
King
was
observ'd
after
the
death
of
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
to
be
so
vigorous
in
all
his
actions
,
The
King
's
generous
Resolution
.
that
at
Court
they
would
ordinarily
say
,
he
had
now
re-assum'd
that
Lions
Courage
,
he
had
for
some
years
supprest
.
His
whole
discourse
was
nothing
,
but
of
reigning
with
Authority
,
and
of
chastising
such
as
would
not
acknowledge
him
in
their
obedience
,
which
his
actions
likewise
confirm'd
.
In
the
attempt
upon
the
Suburbs
of
Tours
,
Mounsieur
de
Thou
(
as
being
continually
with
the
King
,
and
particularly
all
that
day
)
gives
this
testimony
,
That
although
in
this
occasion
,
which
was
very
hot
,
his
Majesty
was
surpriz'd
in
his
Doublet
only
,
he
nevertheless
gave
orders
with
so
much
assurance
,
and
gave
so
evident
proofs
of
Valour
and
Constancy
in
so
great
a
danger
,
that
the
whole
Army
took
it
for
a
happy
Omen
,
and
every
man
by
his
Example
fortified
himself
with
Courage
and
Resolution
.
In
fine
(
whatever
men
may
say
of
this
Prince
)
't
is
most
certain
,
that
a
Martial
Disposition
govern'd
in
him
,
as
he
had
sufficiently
made
it
appear
in
his
Youth
,
when
he
was
meerly
led
by
his
own
natural
inclination
:
but
it
is
likewise
true
,
that
being
come
to
the
Crown
,
and
having
learn'd
by
the
miseries
of
War
,
that
Peace
is
the
greatest
good
with
which
a
Prince
can
gratifie
his
people
;
he
endeavour'd
by
all
means
(
and
doubtless
too
industriously
)
to
establish
that
happy
Government
in
his
Kingdom
.
To
this
end
were
all
his
Politicks
(
which
as
I
have
said
)
he
made
his
ordinary
,
and
regular
study
directed
:
but
at
last
incens'd
at
the
ill
success
of
so
good
a
Design
,
he
absolutely
resolv'd
upon
the
taking
Arms
,
never
to
lay
them
down
,
till
he
had
re-establish'd
his
Authority
,
and
that
in
the
highest
degree
any
of
his
Predecessors
had
ever
done
.
With
this
resolution
then
he
departed
from
Tours
in
the
beginning
of
May
,
1589.
The
King
marches
from
Tours
to
Paris
.
The
first
Town
upon
his
way
that
stood
for
the
League
was
Gergeau
,
and
this
little
Town
had
the
confidence
to
shut
their
Gates
against
the
Royal
Army
:
So
much
were
mens
minds
infatuated
with
zeal
to
their
Faction
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon
was
order'd
to
go
before
to
block
up
this
place
,
and
to
cast
up
the
first
earth
against
it
,
which
he
accordingly
did
;
and
the
whole
Army
being
a
few
days
after
come
up
to
the
Siege
,
the
King
of
Navarre
advanc'd
as
far
as
the
Trenches
,
to
see
what
progress
they
had
made
:
A
Prince
whose
Valour
and
Bravery
were
so
generally
known
,
as
that
his
Reputation
was
universally
receiv'd
,
and
establish'd
in
the
opinion
of
all
:
But
the
Duke
,
who
till
this
time
had
never
had
the
honour
to
be
near
him
in
any
occasion
of
this
kind
,
would
now
let
him
see
that
he
also
was
no
Novice
in
matters
of
Warre
:
'T
is
true
,
he
might
have
chosen
a
fitter
opportunity
of
giving
the
King
a
testimony
of
his
own
Valour
,
without
exposing
his
Person
to
so
great
a
danger
;
but
the
heat
of
Youth
transported
him
:
and
I
have
heard
him
discoursing
of
this
Action
,
and
(
alwayes
accusing
his
own
indiscretion
)
magnifie
to
the
highest
degree
,
the
King
of
Navarre's
courage
,
which
appear'd
in
great
lustre
upon
this
occasion
.
D'
Aubigné
,
who
was
himself
then
present
,
gives
this
Relation
of
it
;
and
I
shall
make
use
of
his
own
words
,
being
in
this
case
not
much
to
be
suspected
,
since
every
body
knows
he
was
never
very
partial
to
the
Duke
.
The
King
of
Navarre
(
says
he
)
being
gone
to
visit
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
Trenches
,
the
Duke
shewing
him-what
he
had
done
,
leads
him
through
the
middle
of
the
space
betwixt
the
Trenches
,
and
the
Town
,
in
his
Doublet
only
,
and
that
so
unconcern'd
,
and
so
open
to
the
Enemies
view
,
that
Houeilles
the
Duke's
Cousin
,
and
Camp-Master
,
as
also
another
of
his
people
fell
dead
at
their
feet
;
when
having
gain'd
a
Guard
commanded
by
Belangreuille
,
they
came
out
on
the
back
side
of
that
,
and
pass'd
within
forty
paces
of
the
Courtine
which
play'd
upon
them
all
the
while
,
and
laid
two
men
more
dead
upon
the
place
.
The
King
of
Navarre
,
and
the
Duke
having
at
last
gain'd
the
blind
of
a
Garden
Door
.
Frontenack
,
and
another
(
which
other
must
be
D'
Aubigné
himself
,
who
was
Gentleman
of
the
Horse
to
the
King
of
Navarre
)
earnestly
solicited
the
Duke
to
retire
,
which
he
was
about
to
do
by
a
way
,
perhaps
likely
to
engage
them
in
more
danger
than
before
,
when
the
King
of
Navarre
staid
him
by
the
Collar
of
his
Doublet
.
This
is
that
he
says
:
but
he
adds
after
a
thing
wherein
he
is
not
so
good
a
testimony
,
as
of
the
first
,
and
which
is
not
so
true
,
viz.
that
the
King
being
enform'd
of
this
Action
,
spoke
highly
against
the
Duke
,
and
in
terms
that
nothing
tasted
of
Favour
,
and
that
so
soon
as
he
saw
him
,
he
severely
reprehended
him
,
and
reproach'd
him
,
that
he
would
have
destroy'd
his
Brother
.
'T
is
true
that
his
Majesty
chid
the
Duke
for
his
rashness
,
telling
him
,
That
he
ought
to
reserve
his
Valour
for
better
occasions
,
and
not
so
lightly
to
expose
the
Person
of
the
King
of
Navarre
his
Brother
,
and
his
own
;
which
were
rather
words
of
tenderness
,
than
distaste
;
and
it
is
likewise
very
true
,
that
the
King
of
Navarre's
Servants
murmur'd
highly
at
it
,
endeavouring
to
possess
the
King
,
that
the
Duke
had
not
engag'd
him
in
this
danger
without
Design
:
nay
himself
manifested
something
at
his
coming
out
of
the
Trenches
;
for
it
was
told
the
Duke
that
he
should
say
to
some
of
his
people
,
The
King
of
Navarre's
first
aversion
for
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
I
think
this
man
would
be
content
to
lose
an
Arm
,
to
have
my
Brains
beaten
out
;
which
was
never
the
Duke's
intention
,
he
being
only
spurr'd
on
by
the
inconsiderate
heat
of
Youth
and
Bravery
,
without
any
other
Design
.
From
Gergeau
the
Army
advanc'd
towyrds
Piviers
,
which
immediately
open'd
its
Gates
,
as
also
the
City
of
Chartres
surrendred
at
the
first
summon
:
but
Estampes
stood
out
a
Siege
,
which
being
foon
after
taken
by
Assault
,
some
of
the
King
of
Navarre's
Souldiers
ran
on
in
their
prevailing
Fury
even
to
the
Church
of
that
Town
,
there
committing
all
sorts
of
insolence
;
which
the
Duke
being
advertis'd
of
,
by
the
Guards
he
had
plac'd
at
the
Doo●s
of
this
Church
(
wisely
foreseeing
that
the
King
of
Navarre's
people
,
who
for
the
greater
part
were
men
of
the
Reform'd
Religion
,
would
not
abstain
from
violation
even
of
Holy
things
)
he
ran
thither
himself
to
prevent
further
disorder
;
where
being
come
,
and
seeing
the
Chalices
,
and
other
Sacred
Ornaments
of
the
Altars
in
the
hands
of
the
rude
Souldier
,
not
being
able
to
endure
that
things
,
dedicated
to
so
Sacred
Use
,
should
be
profan'd
after
that
manner
,
he
furiously
drew
his
Sword
,
and
ran
the
first
Offender
in
his
way
quite
through
the
Body
;
which
by
chance
hapning
to
be
one
of
the
Dragoons
of
the
King
of
Navarre's
own
Guard
,
and
in
his
own
Livery
,
the
Complaint
was
immediately
carried
to
him
,
and
by
him
as
soon
to
the
King
;
of
which
the
Duke
having
also
notice
,
he
presently
repair'd
to
his
Majesties
Quarter
,
to
make
his
defense
.
There
being
come
,
and
his
Majesty
having
demanded
of
him
the
reason
for
what
he
had
done
,
he
gave
him
a
particular
accompt
of
the
whole
business
:
Whereupon
the
King
of
Navarre
told
him
with
some
bitterness
,
That
he
had
no
Authority
over
his
Souldiers
,
and
less
over
his
Domesticks
;
to
which
the
Duke
made
answer
with
a
respective
,
but
a
manly
boldness
,
That
the
trust
wherewith
the
King
was
pleas'd
to
honour
him
,
and
the
command
he
had
given
him
in
the
Army
,
invested
him
with
sufficient
Authority
to
chastise
Impious
,
and
Sacrilegious
Persons
;
and
that
moreover
every
good
man
ought
to
assume
that
Authority
in
Offenses
of
so
high
a
Nature
.
Their
Dispute
was
like
to
grow
into
hotter
terms
,
when
the
King
impos'd
silence
both
upon
the
one
,
and
the
other
,
not
condemning
the
Duke's
action
nevertheless
;
but
desiring
the
King
of
Navarre
to
take
care
for
the
future
,
that
there
might
be
no
more
offenses
committed
of
that
kind
.
Encrease
at
the
Siege
of
Estampes
:
Thus
by
little
and
little
secret
discontents
against
the
Duke
crept
into
the
King
of
Navarre's
bosom
,
which
many
,
envious
of
the
Duke's
greatness
,
endeavour'd
to
augment
:
neither
was
the
Duke
blind
on
that
side
,
nor
was
it
without
some
affliction
that
he
saw
himself
so
ill
requited
for
the
sincere
and
uninteressed
affection
he
had
ever
manifested
for
this
Princes
Service
in
his
greatest
adversity
:
but
having
found
by
sufficient
experience
,
that
the
best
Offices
are
not
always
the
best
recorded
,
he
contented
himself
with
the
conscience
of
his
own
integrity
,
and
ever
paying
the
respect
due
to
the
Birth
,
and
Vertues
of
this
excellent
Prince
,
in
all
other
concerns
of
his
command
he
exercis'd
his
Duty
to
the
utmost
height
of
Authority
he
had
ever
done
.
The
Army
advancing
daily
towards
Paris
,
The
taking
of
Mont●rea●
faut-yonne
.
the
Duke
had
order
to
make
an
attempt
upon
Montereau
faut-Yonne
,
which
he
carried
by
Petard
;
neither
was
it
a
service
of
light
importance
;
for
in
the
sequel
of
Affairs
,
that
which
the
Duke
won
in
a
few
hours
cost
the
King's
Enemies
many
months
,
and
many
good
men
to
recover
it
.
From
thence
the
Army
being
come
to
Pontoise
,
the
Duke
had
there
the
storming
of
a
Suburb
,
which
was
very
well
fortified
,
committed
to
him
;
and
which
notwithstanding
he
carried
,
though
with
as
much
hazard
as
ever
he
tempted
in
any
action
of
his
life
.
He
was
himself
the
first
that
leap'd
upon
the
Rampire
;
and
though
in
this
assault
he
had
above
a
hundred
men
laid
dead
at
his
feet
,
amongst
which
were
many
Persons
of
Quality
,
and
Command
,
he
nevertheless
resolutely
persisted
in
the
Enterprize
,
and
forc'd
the
Enemy
at
the
Swords
point
even
to
the
Gates
of
the
City
,
whither
he
compell'd
the●
to
retire
;
and
where
having
block'd
them
up
,
he
press'd
on
the
Siege
with
that
vigour
and
conduct
,
that
the
place
soon
after
surrendred
upon
composition
.
The
Surrender
of
Pontoise
.
Thus
did
the
King
find
all
things
give
place
to
his
Arms
,
as
if
Destiny
had
smooth'd
,
and
levell'd
for
him
all
the
paths
that
lead
to
Death
and
Ruine
;
and
in
this
prosperity
of
his
Affairs
,
his
Majesty
resolv'd
upon
the
Siege
of
Paris
.
Already
were
the
Swisse
,
The
Siege
of
Paris
,
and
the
death
of
Henry
the
Third
.
and
new
rais'd
Reiters
come
up
,
and
joyn'd
with
the
Body
of
the
Army
;
the
Officers
were
dispos'd
into
their
several
Quarters
,
and
the
King
had
taken
up
his
own
at
St
Clou
,
and
given
the
Guard
of
them
to
the
Duke
,
in
order
to
a
formal
Siege
.
His
Majesties
Lodging
in
this
narrow
Quarter
was
at
the
Hostel
de
Gondy
,
as
that
which
was
most
capable
to
receive
him
;
and
it
was
in
this
House
of
Gondy
that
(
whilst
this
great
Prince
was
forming
the
designs
of
restoring
his
despis'd
Authority
of
chastising
the
temerity
,
and
disobedience
of
his
evil
dispos'd
Subjects
,
of
rendring
his
name
venerable
to
all
his
Neighbours
,
and
of
establishing
the
Peace
of
his
Kingdom
,
having
already
almost
extinguish'd
all
the
sparks
of
Division
that
had
enflam'd
it
)
that
I
say
an
accursed
Pa●ricide
in
the
Meridian
of
all
his
Glory
,
and
in
the
Crisis
of
all
his
Designs
plung'd
a
murthering
Knife
into
his
Entrails
.
Every
one
has
heard
who
Iaques
Clement
was
,
and
the
black
story
of
his
Bloody
Assassinate
:
but
no
one
could
ever
yet
penetrate
so
far
as
to
discover
by
whom
he
was
prompted
on
to
this
execrable
Act.
The
King
feeling
himself
wounded
,
drew
the
Knife
immediately
from
the
Wound
,
and
strook
it
up
to
the
haft
in
the
Villains
Face
,
at
which
bustle
betwixt
them
,
one
of
the
Grooms
of
the
Wardrobe
,
who
guarded
the
Closet
Door
,
into
which
his
Majesty
was
withdrawn
to
give
this
wicked
wretch
a
more
private
audience
,
ran
in
to
them
,
as
also
did
several
Gentlemen
who
waited
in
the
outer
Room
,
who
all
of
them
drawing
their
Swords
,
by
an
imprudence
in
it self
criminal
,
if
not
excus'd
by
the
violence
of
their
Affections
,
gave
the
Caitiffe
an
hundred
Wounds
;
whereby
in
a
moment
he
vomited
out
a
life
,
that
ought
not
to
have
been
dismist
,
till
after
the
horror
of
a
thousand
torments
.
The
King
,
feeling
himself
Wounded
,
commanded
the
Duke
of
Espernon
to
be
immediately
sent
for
,
who
was
then
at
the
Post
nearest
to
the
City
,
putting
some
Troops
in
order
,
which
were
to
fall
into
the
Suburbs
of
Paris
;
but
at
this
sad
and
unexpected
news
he
ran
in
great
confusion
to
the
King's
Lodging
,
whom
he
yet
found
in
the
same
posture
wherein
he
had
receiv'd
his
hurt
,
with
his
hand
still
upon
the
Wound
:
At
which
sight
,
the
Duke
bursting
out
in
tears
,
as
fearing
a
sinister
event
,
his
Majesty
gave
him
comfort
,
by
telling
him
he
hop'd
the
Wound
would
not
prove
Mortal
;
and
saying
to
him
further
these
very
words
,
Thou
seest
here
(
my
Friend
)
the
effects
of
my
Enemies
Treachery
and
Malice
;
but
I
hope
God
will
shortly
enable
me
to
bring
them
to
condigne
punishment
.
To
which
the
Duke
returning
no
other
answer
,
than
his
tears
,
they
laid
his
Majesty
upon
a
bed
,
and
search'd
his
Wound
;
which
the
Chirurgeons
at
the
first
dressing
,
apprehended
not
to
be
so
dangerous
,
as
it
was
;
so
that
all
that
day
was
past
over
in
this
error
:
but
that
night
,
and
the
morning
following
,
the
dolours
of
his
Wound
encreasing
,
and
at
last
growing
to
be
extreme
,
it
was
then
judg'd
that
his
bowels
were
pierced
,
and
that
Death
must
necessarily
,
and
in
a
few
hours
ensue
.
The
King
of
Navarre
had
hasted
with
all
diligence
,
at
the
first
bruit
of
this
accident
,
and
being
come
to
his
bedside
,
his
Majesty
said
to
him
almost
the
same
things
,
he
had
said
before
to
the
Duke
;
and
talk'd
of
nothing
the
first
day
,
save
of
the
exemplary
punishment
he
would
inflict
upon
his
Enemies
:
but
his
Wound
being
at
last
judg'd
to
be
mortal
,
and
feeling
in
himself
that
he
drew
near
his
end
,
all
his
discourse
of
Punishment
,
and
Revenge
,
was
turn'd
into
that
of
Pardon
and
Oblivion
:
and
certainly
no
Prince
ever
made
a
more
Christian
,
or
a
more
constant
end
.
He
declar'd
upon
his
death-bed
the
King
of
Navarre
nearest
of
his
Blood
,
and
and
consequently
right
Heir
to
the
Crown
,
provided
he
were
a
Catholick
;
exhorting
him
at
the
same
time
to
abjure
his
own
Religion
,
and
to
reconcile
himself
to
the
Holy
Church
,
commanding
likewise
the
Duke
of
Espernon
(
whom
he
held
by
the
hand
)
to
serve
him
upon
that
condition
;
after
which
,
and
a
Pious
Resignation
of
himself
,
he
gave
up
his
last
breath
in
the
middle
of
his
victorious
Army
.
We
are
now
entring
upon
a
new
Reign
,
and
one
the
Duke
found
very
different
,
from
that
wherein
he
had
hitherto
liv'd
;
for
he
now
not
only
saw
himself
stript
of
all
kind
of
Favour
:
but
he
further
saw
the
envy
,
and
hatred
of
the
whole
Court
directed
against
him
.
He
was
now
no
more
call'd
to
Council
,
nor
any
longer
entrusted
with
his
Princes
secrets
;
but
on
the
contrary
every
one
labour'd
to
diminish
that
greatness
,
to
which
his
own
Vertue
,
and
his
Masters
Royal
bounty
had
already
rais'd
him
.
But
we
shall
see
how
he
overcame
all
these
difficulties
:
and
the
Justice
of
this
new
Prince
at
last
giving
the
Merits
and
Services
of
this
vertuous
man
their
due
,
we
shall
see
him
not
only
support
him
in
his
own
present
Fortune
,
but
also
encrease
it
by
his
daily
bounty
,
and
so
establish
it
in
him
,
as
to
empower
him
to
settle
it
in
his
own
Posterity
.
So
soon
as
the
King
was
dead
,
all
the
Roman
Catholicks
of
quality
in
the
Army
assembled
themselves
together
,
to
advise
what
in
this
occurrence
was
to
be
done
for
the
maintenance
of
the
Catholick
Religion
in
the
Service
of
this
new
King
:
And
here
their
opinions
were
split
into
three
several
Councils
;
Several
Propositions
about
the
new
King
amongst
the
Chiefs
of
the
Army
.
for
some
there
were
who
thought
it
fit
absolutely
to
acknowledge
the
King
without
condition
,
or
reservation
,
but
those
were
very
few
:
Others
there
were
who
would
absolutely
abandon
his
Service
,
and
joyn
with
the
League
;
and
those
were
fewer
than
the
first
:
But
the
third
proposition
,
and
that
which
was
concluded
on
by
the
most
principal
,
and
prudent
Lords
of
the
Army
;
amongst
which
were
the
Dukes
of
Longueville
,
of
Nevers
,
of
Espernon
,
and
of
Luxembourg
;
the
Mareschals
de
Biron
,
and
d'
Aumont
,
the
Marquis
of
Rambo●illet
,
and
many
others
,
was
to
serve
the
King
,
and
to
tye
themselves
wholly
to
his
Fortune
,
provided
his
Majesty
would
please
to
give
them
some
gracious
assurance
of
his
speedy
Conversion
.
The
Lords
Catholick
send
his
Majesty
their
Resolution
.
Which
being
deliver'd
to
his
Majesty
as
their
determinate
Resolution
,
and
the
condition
prescrib'd
as
it
were
,
by
the
King
his
Predecessor
,
he
wisely
chose
such
a
mean
as
seem'd
necessary
to
him
in
this
occasion
,
for
the
establishment
of
the
uncertain
state
of
his
Affairs
;
and
would
by
all
means
preserve
that
moderation
,
and
indifferency
betwixt
both
parties
,
as
should
by
an
equal
hope
in
them
both
,
keep
both
his
Catholick
and
Hugonot
Subjects
within
the
bounds
of
their
duty
.
His
Answer
therefore
was
,
His
Majesties
Answer
.
That
it
would
appear
to
all
the
world
very
easie
,
and
unhandsome
in
him
to
change
his
Religion
,
only
to
satisfie
his
Subjects
humour
,
and
to
receive
a
Law
from
them
in
a
thing
,
which
in
its
self
,
of
all
other
,
ought
to
be
most
free
:
That
he
desir'd
to
be
instructed
,
and
satisfied
in
his
Conscience
before
he
proceeded
so
far
,
as
to
change
his
Religion
:
That
to
this
purpose
he
promis'd
within
six
months
to
call
an
Assembly
of
men
of
known
Piety
and
Learning
,
and
if
occasion
were
,
a
National
Synod
,
to
whose
final
Decree
he
would
absolutely
submit
,
and
that
in
the
mean
time
he
would
be
careful
to
protect
,
and
maintain
the
Catholick
Religion
.
After
divers
Messages
of
Treaty
sent
to
,
The
major
part
of
the
Catholick
Lords
submit
to
the
King
.
and
fro
,
on
either
part
,
it
at
last
ended
in
this
,
that
many
of
the
Catholick
Lords
submitting
to
his
Majesties
first
Proposition
;
what
he
had
then
promis'd
by
word
of
mouth
,
was
now
only
more
formally
drawn
into
a
writing
interchangeably
deliver'd
betwixt
the
King
,
and
his
Catholick
Subjects
,
and
Sign'd
by
the
greatest
part
of
Men
of
Quality
,
that
were
then
in
the
Army
:
But
the
Duke
of
Espernon
believing
this
delay
of
six
months
propos'd
by
the
King
,
to
be
no
delay
,
intended
only
to
win
longer
time
,
and
that
at
last
their
hopes
,
and
expectations
would
be
deluded
,
demanded
some
further
assurance
,
The
Duke
of
Esperno●
stands
out
.
than
he
yet
saw
of
his
Majesties
conversion
;
neither
could
he
,
notwithstanding
the
importunities
of
all
the
Friends
he
had
,
be
drawn
upon
other
terms
to
seal
to
that
Writing
.
And
this
was
the
true
,
and
only
reason
of
his
refusal
,
and
not
what
both
Mounsieur
de
Thou
,
and
D'Avila
have
reported
of
it
.
They
say
that
the
thing
which
made
him
refuse
to
seal
to
that
Instrument
,
was
a
contest
which
hapned
betwixt
him
,
and
the
Mareschals
de
Biron
,
and
d'
Aumont
,
who
should
sign
first
;
these
as
Mareschals
of
France
,
and
in
immediate
command
in
the
Army
pretending
a
priority
;
and
he
claiming
a
precedence
as
Duke
,
and
Peer
:
a
difficulty
that
might
easily
have
been
overcome
,
had
that
been
all
.
But
the
cause
proceeded
from
a
principle
of
greater
moment
,
than
the
trivial
contest
of
a
●light
Ceremony
.
The
King
however
caus'd
him
by
several
hands
to
be
over
and
over
again
solicited
,
and
importun'd
,
to
satisfie
himself
as
other
good
Catholicks
had
done
;
and
as
the
Dukes
were
the
best
,
and
the
fullest
Regiments
of
the
Army
,
and
as
his
person
,
and
his
example
(
which
were
likely
to
be
follow'd
(
as
they
afterwards
were
)
not
only
by
those
under
his
own
command
,
but
by
many
others
of
good
quality
in
the
Army
)
altogether
render'd
him
very
considerable
:
So
did
his
Majesty
by
all
sorts
of
perswasions
and
promises
,
endeavour
to
detain
him
;
The
Duke
obstinate
to
leave
the
Army
.
but
all
to
no
purpose
.
'T
is
true
,
he
acknowledg'd
the
King
for
lawful
Successour
to
the
Crown
,
as
he
had
sufficiently
declar'd
in
a
time
when
the
greatest
persecutions
were
practis'd
against
him
,
and
when
he
was
only
King
of
Navarre
,
by
which
he
had
in
part
drawn
the
hatred
of
the
Duke
of
Guise
upon
him
.
And
it
is
also
true
,
that
he
had
all
the
reason
in
the
world
to
desire
that
Prince
should
now
become
his
Master
,
whom
he
had
all
his
life
labour'd
to
raise
to
that
Dignity
to
which
he
was
now
arriv'd
:
But
he
thought
the
Ruine
of
the
Catholick
Religion
inevitable
,
should
things
continue
in
the
posture
they
were
now
in
;
which
made
him
rather
choose
to
expose
himself
to
all
those
disgraces
he
knew
his
Enemies
were
preparing
for
him
,
than
to
serve
his
own
interests
(
whose
advancement
he
likewise
saw
infallible
in
so
favourable
a
juncture
)
to
the
reproach
,
and
prejudice
of
his
own
Conscience
.
Fortified
therefore
still
more
and
more
in
this
resolution
,
he
caus'd
his
Troops
to
be
made
ready
for
his
departure
:
these
,
at
his
first
coming
to
the
King
consisted
of
six
thousand
Foot
,
and
twelve
hundred
Horse
;
which
though
they
were
now
much
diminish'd
in
the
Service
,
yet
were
they
notwithstanding
in
such
a
condition
,
as
that
there
were
hardly
so
many
more
French
in
the
whole
Army
,
as
he
had
under
his
sole
command
.
The
Marquis
de
Rocquelaure
,
and
other
of
his
intimate
friends
labour'd
by
all
imaginable
means
,
to
disswade
him
from
his
ill
taken
up
resolution
;
but
not
being
able
to
prevail
,
his
Enemies
would
have
perswaded
the
King
,
The
K●ng
perswaded
to
cause
the
Duke
to
be
stab'd
.
to
have
met
his
obstinacy
with
a
Stab
,
a
Counsel
the
Duke
was
as
soon
enform'd
of
.
But
whether
it
was
,
that
he
thought
this
generous
Prince
,
not
to
be
perswaded
into
so
foul
an
action
;
or
that
he
thought
it
at
that
time
a
thing
not
easie
to
be
executed
,
he
had
the
assurance
,
notwithstanding
the
caution
had
been
given
him
,
to
go
take
his
leave
of
the
King
,
before
he
left
the
Army
,
and
to
excuse
his
departure
:
A
Ceremony
that
was
pass'd
over
in
few
words
;
and
I
have
often
heard
him
repeat
the
manner
of
it
to
be
thus
.
The
Duke
goes
to
take
his
leave
of
the
King
.
The
Duke
took
along
with
him
thirty
Gentlemen
of
his
Train
,
in
whom
he
repos'd
the
greatest
confidence
,
and
of
these
he
left
some
at
the
Doors
of
the
King's
Lodgings
,
and
others
upon
the
Stairs
,
to
facilitate
his
retirement
,
if
any
foul
play
should
be
offer'd
to
him
;
and
himself
with
only
two
more
in
his
company
enter'd
the
Gallery
.
The
last
Journey
he
made
to
Paris
,
he
hapned
to
lie
in
the
same
house
,
and
shew'd
ús
the
place
where
he
took
his
leave
of
the
King
.
This
house
did
at
that
time
belong
to
Mademoiselle
du
Tillet
,
his
old
,
and
intimate
Friend
;
a
Lady
illustrious
for
her
courage
and
constancy
,
and
passionate
for
the
Duke's
Interests
to
that
degree
,
that
he
has
had
few
friends
who
have
justified
their
affection
by
so
great
,
and
so
continued
a
fidelity
.
The
King
was
at
the
one
end
of
the
Gallery
,
when
the
Duke
appear'd
entring
at
the
other
;
whom
the
King
no
sooner
perceiv'd
,
but
that
coming
up
to
him
,
with
an
angry
countenance
,
and
striking
his
stick
with
some
vehemence
upon
the
floor
,
The
King
's
angry
Speech
to
the
Duke
.
he
said
.
What
Mounsieur
d'
Espernon
,
it
seems
you
have
refus'd
to
Sign
the
Writing
,
which
has
been
Sign'd
without
difficulty
by
most
persons
of
Quality
in
my
Army
,
as
good
Catholicks
as
your self
!
do
not
you
,
as
well
as
they
,
acknowledge
me
for
your
King
?
To
which
the
Duke
made
answer
,
That
he
was
his
Majesties
most
humble
Subject
,
and
Servant
;
That
there
was
not
a
person
in
his
Kingdom
,
who
had
more
ardently
desir'd
to
see
him
in
the
place
where
he
now
was
,
should
the
King
his
Master
die
,
than
himself
had
done
;
That
he
would
never
do
anything
contrary
to
his
Service
;
that
he
had
rather
die
,
than
once
to
entertain
so
dishonest
a
thought
:
but
that
he
did
humbly
beseech
his
Majesty
to
excuse
him
,
if
being
of
a
Religion
differing
from
that
his
Majesty
profess'd
,
he
could
not
attend
his
person
;
that
being
a
thing
he
could
not
do
,
without
offering
the
greatest
violence
to
his
own
Conscience
.
The
Duke
had
scarce
made
an
end
of
speaking
,
when
he
heard
a
noise
of
armed
men
behind
him
in
the
Gallery
;
and
then
it
was
that
he
certainly
believ'd
,
these
were
the
men
appointed
to
kill
him
,
as
he
had
been
pre-advis'd
:
but
he
was
soon
deliver'd
out
of
that
fear
,
when
he
saw
the
King
move
forward
with
a
smiling
countenance
to
embrace
them
.
These
were
two
Captains
of
the
King
's
Light
Horse
;
the
one
call'd
le
Baron
de
Sainte
Marie
du
Mont
,
a
Norman
;
the
others
name
I
have
forgot
:
who
,
having
upon
their
Guard
(
which
was
at
a
good
distance
)
receiv'd
intelligence
of
the
Death
of
Henry
III.
were
come
in
all
haste
to
congratulate
the
King
with
his
new
Advancement
▪
and
lighted
at
the
Door
of
his
Lodging
,
were
come
up
in
the
same
posture
the
news
had
surpriz'd
them
in
upon
their
Guard
to
present
their
Duty
:
The
Duke
taking
this
occasion
to
●etire
,
withdrew
himself
forthwith
to
his
own
Quarter
;
but
before
he
would
absolutely
depart
,
he
would
first
attend
the
Corps
of
the
King
his
Master
,
and
Benefactor
,
as
far
as
Compeigne
,
whither
they
were
carried
with
very
little
Ceremony
,
the
disorders
of
the
time
not
permitting
greater
;
and
where
having
paid
his
last
duty
,
he
return'd
to
overtake
his
Troops
,
which
were
now
marching
upon
the
Road
of
Loches
towards
Angoumois
.
The
example
of
the
Duke's
departure
was
followed
by
many
others
,
so
that
in
a
few
days
the
Army
was
grown
so
thin
,
that
the
King
had
scarce
any
save
strangers
left
in
his
Camp
,
and
even
they
in
the
end
,
for
want
of
pay
,
disbanded
as
well
as
the
rest
;
and
then
it
was
that
the
Duke's
Enemies
,
with
a
redoubled
malice
,
spoke
loudest
in
his
disgrace
,
and
did
all
they
possibly
could
to
animate
his
Majesty
in
the
highest
degree
against
him
.
There
had
already
pass'd
(
as
you
have
heard
)
some
secret
discontents
betwixt
the
King
,
and
the
Duke
,
during
the
life
of
the
late
King
;
amongst
which
the
business
of
Gergeau
,
and
that
of
Estampes
had
made
no
little
noise
;
but
to
these
many
have
added
,
and
likewise
some
endeavour'd
to
possess
the
King
,
that
the
Duke
ever
impatient
of
a
Rival
in
his
Master's
Favour
,
and
less
able
to
endure
his
Majesty
who
was
so
much
above
him
,
had
in
that
time
done
all
the
ill
offices
he
could
invent
to
beget
a
mis-understanding
betwixt
the
King
,
and
him
,
such
as
might
cause
a
separation
;
and
certainly
so
effectually
had
they
labour'd
with
him
,
as
to
make
him
believe
too
much
;
by
which
they
had
so
incens'd
his
Majesties
mind
against
him
,
that
doubtless
he
would
have
bent
his
whole
endeavour
to
the
Duke's
Ruine
,
upon
the
late
refusal
he
had
made
of
his
assistance
,
had
not
the
necessity
of
his
own
Affairs
diverted
his
designs
another
way
:
but
all
these
evil
dispositions
,
though
they
still
threatned
worse
consequences
,
could
not
hinder
the
Duke
from
persevering
in
his
resolution
to
retire
.
As
his
departure
was
of
infinite
importance
,
whether
we
consider
it
as
to
the
Fortune
of
the
King
,
and
Interest
of
the
State
;
or
as
to
the
Duke
's
own
particular
concern
,
and
that
there
are
few
Historians
of
that
,
or
later
times
,
who
have
not
taken
occasion
to
blame
the
Dukes
proceeding
herein
:
I
think
it
fit
to
say
something
here
in
his
vindication
,
and
to
discover
the
reasons
upon
which
he
built
that
resolution
;
which
having
receiv'd
from
his
own
mouth
in
the
same
terms
that
I
shall
faithfully
deliver
here
,
every
one
may
afterwards
〈◊〉
what
judgment
of
the
Action
he
shall
in
his
own
discretion
think
most
fit
.
He
told
me
that
a
little
before
his
departure
,
The
Remonstrances
of
the
Duke's
Friends
to
perswade
him
to
stay
.
many
of
his
intimate
friends
had
endeavour'd
to
disswade
him
from
his
Design
,
by
presenting
before
him
the
present
juncture
of
Affairs
,
so
favourable
(
as
they
said
)
to
the
support
of
his
immediate
condition
(
so
generally
envy'd
by
all
)
that
he
could
not
himself
have
wish'd
a
more
advantageous
conjuncture
:
That
as
it
was
principally
by
his
means
,
and
assistance
the
King
could
build
any
probable
hopes
of
effecting
what
he
desir'd
;
so
were
there
present
no
advan●ages
(
besides
an
indempnity
,
and
oblivion
of
all
pass'd
unkindnesses
,
a
thing
in
it self
highly
to
be
consider'd
)
to
which
he
might
not
reasonably
pretend
:
That
he
might
now
establish
his
own
greatness
in
so
sure
a
condition
,
that
it
would
be
no
hard
matter
to
maintain
himself
for
the
future
in
the
same
height
,
should
the
Kings
humour
chance
to
come
about
:
That
all
men
plainly
saw
how
much
upon
his
departure
,
or
stay
,
depended
the
standing
,
or
dissolution
of
the
Royal
Army
:
That
upon
his
concurrence
with
his
Majesty
,
depended
that
of
the
greatest
part
of
the
Catholicks
,
and
the
Ruine
of
the
League
,
wherein
were
his
most
capital
Enemies
:
That
by
his
assistance
men
might
yet
promise
to
themselves
the
reducing
of
Paris
,
and
in
that
the
peace
and
settlement
of
the
whole
Kingdom
:
That
having
in
his
hands
the
disposition
of
things
of
so
great
utility
to
the
publick
,
and
so
great
honour
to
himself
,
he
neither
ought
to
envy
his
Country
those
advantages
,
not
to
deprive
himself
of
the
glory
of
so
admirable
a
success
.
These
were
considerations
that
in
their
own
weight
,
and
laid
home
to
him
by
men
he
knew
to
be
his
Friends
,
were
not
unlikely
to
prevail
,
and
to
have
overcome
his
ob●●inacy
,
as
doubtless
they
had
done
,
had
the
Duke
look'd
no
further
,
than
his
own
Interest
;
and
so
he
told
his
Friends
,
who
had
so
freely
argu'd
with
him
:
He
told
them
that
he
was
not
so
little
acquainted
with
the
business
of
the
world
,
that
he
did
not
well
enough
discern
all
those
advantages
they
had
propos'd
,
as
relating
to
himself
:
That
he
did
very
well
believe
his
Majesty
,
assisted
by
his
Catholick
Subjects
,
might
reduce
his
Enemies
to
the
point
he
desir'd
;
but
that
from
thence
would
infallibly
ensue
the
subversion
of
the
Catholick
Religion
,
which
would
likewise
bring
on
the
ruine
of
the
State
:
That
instead
of
the
Peace
they
propos'd
to
themselves
,
after
the
League
were
reduc'd
to
their
obedience
,
they
would
see
themselves
engag'd
in
a
more
violent
,
and
obstinate
War
than
before
:
That
those
of
the
Reform'd
Religion
being
grown
more
strong
,
and
having
a
lawful
,
mighty
,
and
active
King
to
head
them
,
would
doubtless
establish
their
own
Religion
in
France
,
and
constrain
the
Catholicks
to
submit
to
whatever
Law
they
would
impose
upon
them
:
That
it
was
far
better
betimes
to
refuse
to
countenance
the
evil
,
which
lay
conceal●d
under
the
apparence
of
a
present
good
,
than
to
engage
himself
in
mischiefs
of
so
inevitable
consequence
,
and
to
forbear
a
while
the
fruits
of
a
specious
,
and
alluring
Peace
,
to
enjoy
it
at
better
leisure
,
more
permanent
and
secure
:
That
the
King
,
what
promises
soever
he
had
made
,
and
what
real
dispositions
soever
he
might
have
to
cause
himself
to
be
satisfied
within
six
months
,
had
nevertheless
been
prompted
by
those
of
his
own
perswasion
,
to
demand
that
respite
for
no
other
end
,
than
to
keep
the
Catholick
Forces
about
him
,
that
he
might
make
himself
Master
of
Paris
:
That
having
done
that
,
which
must
necessarily
put
an
end
to
the
War
,
and
being
wholly
possest
by
creatures
passionate
for
their
ill
receiv'd
and
new
opinions
,
he
would
certainly
be
continued
in
his
Error
by
their
restless
practice
:
That
there
was
a
necessity
of
a
prompt
,
and
sincere
Conversion
;
not
such
an
one
,
as
was
to
be
hop'd
for
no
man
knew
when
,
and
that
then
perhaps
would
be
luke-warm
,
and
unsound
:
That
whensoever
that
should
come
to
pass
,
they
should
see
him
stake
his
Fortune
,
his
Friends
,
and
his
Life
,
for
a
Prince
whom
he
did
ever
acknowledge
undoubted
Successour
to
the
Crown
:
That
in
the
mean
time
he
made
no
doubt
but
his
Enemies
(
as
they
use
to
do
)
would
lay
all
the
disorders
that
should
happen
,
at
his
door
,
and
hourly
incense
the
King
against
him
with
all
the
malice
,
and
artifice
they
could
invent
;
but
that
he
hop'd
his
Majesty
would
himself
one
day
commend
his
Zeal
to
Religion
,
which
ought
to
be
the
first
thing
in
every
good
man's
prospect
,
and
which
was
also
his
sole
object
in
that
resolution
,
wherein
he
would
live
and
die
:
That
he
was
retiring
into
his
Governments
,
where
his
Actions
should
justifie
the
integrity
of
his
heart
,
and
that
he
would
there
serve
the
King
to
his
utmost
power
,
by
making
Warre
upon
those
whom
he
knew
to
be
enemies
to
his
Service
.
This
was
the
Duke's
Declaration
to
his
private
Friends
,
to
which
his
Conduct
afterwards
was
so
conformable
,
as
sufficiently
demonstrated
to
all
the
world
,
that
he
was
possess'd
with
a
better
spirit
,
than
that
of
Ambition
.
'T
is
true
,
his
determination
was
in
it self
positive
,
and
bold
;
and
he
had
reason
in
all
apparence
to
apprehend
a
dangerous
issue
,
and
has
himself
ever
acknowledg'd
,
that
according
to
the
Maxims
of
humane
Prudence
,
he
herein
committed
a
dangerous
error
;
but
that
having
nothing
but
the
sole
interest
of
Religion
for
his
aim
,
he
had
reap'd
greater
advantages
by
it
,
than
he
durst
have
propos'd
to
himself
from
any
other
resolution
;
and
that
he
did
believe
it
was
from
this
fountain
he
since
deriv'd
all
the
successes
of
his
Life
;
of
which
the
most
signal
was
,
that
his
Majesty
himself
after
some
time
,
having
pierc'd
deeper
into
the
candour
of
his
intention
,
receiv'd
him
into
as
high
a
degree
of
Favour
,
as
any
of
his
other
Servants
:
but
it
was
not
until
he
had
first
receiv'd
many
infallible
,
and
continual
proofs
of
his
Loyalty
and
Affection
.
Having
after
this
manner
deserted
the
Army
,
he
soon
arriv'd
at
Angoulesme
;
where
the
first
thing
he
did
after
his
arrival
,
was
to
send
the
Pope
an
accompt
of
his
proceeding
,
and
that
he
had
been
constrain'd
to
quit
the
Army
,
being
bound
so
to
do
,
out
of
his
respect
to
the
Catholick
Religion
:
It
was
also
requisite
he
should
by
a
Declaration
purge
himself
from
the
Calumnies
cast
upon
him
by
the
League
,
who
had
deliver'd
him
to
the
people
for
a
grand
Confederate
with
the
Hereticks
:
But
other
particular
correspondencies
he
had
none
;
for
of
all
Foreign
Princes
,
the
Popes
were
only
they
with
whom
he
ever
held
any
intelligence
;
and
whatever
has
been
said
to
the
contrary
,
he
ever
preserv'd
his
fidelity
unspo●ted
from
the
practices
of
other
Princes
,
who
daily
tempted
him
with
no
contemptible
offers
to
an
intelligence
with
them
;
a
vertue
not
to
be
pass'd
over
in
this
part
of
his
Life
without
a
worthy
mention
,
it
being
in
a
time
when
few
of
the
great
ones
of
either
party
had
so
temperate
a
respect
for
their
duty
;
the
misfortunes
of
the
time
,
and
the
various
Factions
that
divided
the
Kingdom
,
seeming
as
it
were
,
to
give
every
one
liberty
to
fortifie
the
interests
of
his
own
party
,
by
all
the
Friends
,
and
Confederates
he
could
make
.
The
Duke
having
engag'd
himself
before
his
retirement
from
the
Army
to
serve
the
King
by
all
the
ways
he
could
,
would
now
sit
no
longer
idle
,
but
gave
immediate
order
for
the
recruit
of
his
Troops
;
and
the
experience
of
what
had
formerly
past
,
having
given
him
sufficiently
to
understand
what
confidence
was
to
be
●epos'd
in
the
people
,
he
was
now
resolv'd
no
longer
to
depend
upon
their
giddy
,
and
vol●ble
humour
;
nor
no
more
be
subject
to
such
commotions
,
as
his
Enemies
might
attempt
to
raise
amongst
that
credulous
,
and
mutinous
rabble
.
He
therefore
caus'd
a
considerable
Fortification
to
be
speedily
rais'd
at
the
Castle
of
Angoulesme
,
The
Duke
fortifies
the
Castle
of
Angoulesme
,
and
the
Cittadel
of
Xaintes
.
the
King
having
given
him
leave
so
to
do
,
as
also
to
raise
what
mony
was
necessary
to
the
perfecting
that
work
,
upon
the
Province
.
He
likewise
rais'd
another
at
Xaintes
,
so
that
in
a
short
time
he
secur'd
himself
from
all
Surprizes
,
like
that
of
St.
Laurence
:
but
he
had
scarce
time
to
settle
this
good
order
in
his
Governments
,
when
he
was
call'd
away
to
look
after
other
,
and
those
very
considerable
,
Affairs
,
that
immediately
concern'd
the
safety
of
the
Kingdom
.
All
the
Provinces
of
the
Kingdom
being
divided
betwixt
the
King
,
and
the
League
,
it
was
to
be
expected
that
the
great
Cities
would
likewise
●andy
within
their
own
Walls
,
and
stand
up
for
the
one
party
,
or
the
other
▪
as
mens
passions
,
or
judgments
enclin'd
them
to
the
cause
.
Of
this
number
was
the
City
of
Limoges
,
where
the
Bishop
,
who
was
of
the
Family
of
Marthoine
,
assisted
by
the
Sieurs
de
Pompadou
,
de
la
Gu●rche
,
de
Rastignac
,
de
la
Chappelle
Biron
,
and
many
other
Gentlemen
of
Quality
,
favour'd
also
by
many
of
the
Inhabitants
,
labour'd
all
he
could
to
make
the
Town
,
and
City
declare
for
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
,
and
his
Faction
,
wherein
nevertheless
he
at
first
met
some
difficulty
:
but
proceeding
from
perswasions
to
open
force
,
he
,
by
the
assistance
of
those
Gentlemen
,
made
himself
Master
of
the
City
,
and
was
upon
the
point
to
have
made
himself
also
Master
of
the
Town
,
when
the
Count
de
la
Voute
eldest
Son
to
the
Duke
of
Ventadour
,
put
himself
into
it
,
and
made
all
possible
resistance
to
preserve
it
out
of
their
hands
:
Yet
had
he
not
(
his
Party
being
so
much
the
weaker
)
been
able
long
to
have
held
out
,
had
not
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
advertis'd
of
this
disorder
,
come
in
to
his
timely
succour
:
The
D●ke
rescues
Limoges
out
of
the
hands
of
the
League
.
But
at
the
report
of
the
Duke's
arrival
,
the
Leaguers
immediately
dispers'd
themselves
,
abandoning
the
City
they
already
possess'd
,
as
he
afterwards
turn'd
all
suspected
persons
out
of
the
Town
,
and
settled
it
so
well
by
the
prudent
order
he
establish'd
there
,
that
it
never
after
started
from
its
duty
;
but
on
the
contrary
continued
so
firm
,
and
maintained
it self
so
well
,
that
it
was
almost
the
only
City
of
the
Kingdom
which
tasted
not
of
those
miseries
with
which
the
Civil
War
by
taking
,
re-taking
,
plunder
,
and
other
mischiefs
,
infested
all
other
Cities
of
France
;
a
happiness
that
place
principally
owes
to
the
timely
succour
it
receiv'd
from
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
vigilance
and
care
.
The
example
of
the
Capital
City
,
contain'd
almost
all
the
lesser
Cities
of
the
Province
in
his
Majesties
Obedience
;
neither
was
there
any
except
that
of
St.
Germain
which
refus'd
to
keep
within
the
limits
of
its
Duty
;
The
Du●e
〈◊〉
St.
Germ●n
,
which
surren●ers
.
but
that
,
declaring
for
the
League
,
constrain'd
the
Duke
to
turn
his
Forces
that
way
to
reduce
it
.
Puiferrat
,
a
Gentleman
of
the
Country
,
commanded
there
,
who
after
some
vollies
of
Cannon
shot
,
surrendred
upon
conditions
,
that
he
,
and
his
Souldiers
should
have
free
Quarter
,
and
march
away
with
Bag
,
and
Baggage
;
a
capitulation
notwithstanding
very
ill
observ'd
,
to
the
Duke
's
great
displeasure
;
who
having
appointed
the
elder
Sobole's
Troop
of
Light
Horse
for
their
Convoy
,
without
considering
their
Officer
had
been
kill'd
at
the
Siege
,
the
Cavaliers
,
incens'd
at
the
loss
of
their
Captain
,
reveng'd
his
Death
upon
these
miserable
people
,
and
cut
them
almost
all
to
pieces
.
A
cruelty
some
Authors
have
laid
to
the
Duke's
charge
,
though
very
unjustly
;
for
had
his
generous
heart
been
capable
of
committing
so
dishonourable
a
crime
,
what
advantage
could
he
have
propos'd
to
himself
,
from
so
●oul
a
treachery
▪
And
now
was
the
Duke
resolv'd
to
have
clear'd
all
that
Province
,
when
the
disorders
of
his
own
Government
call'd
him
back
to
look
after
his
own
immediate
concerns
.
We
have
already
given
a
Narrative
of
the
Enterprize
of
Angoulesme
,
The
D●ke
call'd
back
into
Angoumois
to
suppress
the
Leaguers
there
.
upon
St.
Laurence
day
,
and
further
an
accompt
of
the
Clemency
the
Duke
shew'd
to
those
who
had
treated
him
after
so
barbarous
a
manner
:
of
which
there
yet
remain'd
some
,
who
(
as
they
were
most
zealous
for
the
League
,
and
as
they
had
been
most
guilty
of
that
sedition
,
mistrusting
by
the
Conscience
of
their
own
Crimes
,
that
the
Duke
could
never
heartily
pardon
,
and
forget
them
)
chose
rather
,
leaving
the
security
and
peace
of
their
own
Houses
,
to
commit
their
safeties
to
the
guard
of
their
own
Arms
,
than
to
rely
upon
a
promise
they
knew
they
could
not
expect
in
reason
should
be
observ'd
.
The
Chavalier
d'
Aubeterre
,
one
of
the
principal
sticklers
for
the
League
in
that
Province
,
having
put
himself
in
the
Head
of
these
Mutineers
,
and
having
gather'd
together
some
other
discontented
people
of
the
Country
,
had
of
these
compos'd
a
Body
of
Light
Horse
,
and
some
Companies
of
Foot
,
with
which
in
this
time
of
the
Duke's
absence
,
he
committed
a
thousand
Insolencies
:
nay
,
to
that
confidence
were
they
grown
of
their
own
strength
,
having
committed
such
Riots
,
whilst
there
was
none
to
oppose
them
,
that
they
at
last
shut
up
themselves
in
the
Castle
of
Villebois
,
which
they
intended
should
serve
them
upon
all
occasions
for
a
secure
retreat
;
a
place
indeed
of
very
advantageous
situation
,
very
proper
for
close
Fight
,
and
that
had
all
the
Avenues
unto
it
of
so
difficult
access
,
that
Cannon
without
infinite
labour
was
not
to
be
brought
up
to
force
it
.
In
this
place
then
they
thought
to
remain
in
great
security
,
and
being
but
three
Leagues
distant
from
Angoulesme
,
did
by
their
continual
sallies
very
much
incommodate
that
City
.
The
Duke
call'd
now
home
by
their
insolencies
,
sent
them
presently
a
Summons
to
Surrender
;
to
which
they
return'd
so
haughty
,
and
so
impudent
an
answer
,
that
he
saw
he
must
be
forc'd
to
Besiege
them
,
as
he
soon
after
did
:
and
having
,
though
with
infinite
trouble
,
planted
two
pieces
of
Cannon
upon
the
Hill
where
the
Castle
stood
,
he
caus'd
them
immediately
to
begin
to
play
.
The
besieg'd
endur'd
above
two
hundred
shot
,
without
shewing
any
countenance
of
fear
:
but
at
last
seeing
a
breach
made
,
which
put
them
out
of
all
hopes
long
to
defend
themselves
,
their
insolence
was
turn'd
into
apprehension
,
and
astonishment
,
and
their
scornful
language
into
terms
of
intreaty
,
and
humble
supplication
,
submissively
b●gging
(
as
the
utmost
grace
they
could
expect
)
that
they
might
be
permitted
to
depart
with
the
assurance
of
their
lives
:
to
which
the
Duke
would
by
no
means
consent
,
nor
receive
them
on
other
terms
,
than
upon
discretion
;
to
which
,
after
many
difficulties
,
which
they
had
good
reason
to
make
,
they
were
in
the
end
constrain'd
to
submit
.
Their
Commander
in
Chief
,
Lieutenant
to
the
Chevalier
d'
Aubeterre
,
call'd
Maumont
,
knowing
very
well
,
that
both
by
the
Law
of
Arms
,
and
by
the
terms
of
the
Capitulation
,
he
was
to
expect
nothing
but
death
,
try●d
to
escape
with
the
soonest
,
by
causing
himself
to
be
let
down
by
Ropes
into
the
Grasse
of
the
Castle
:
but
being
pursu'd
,
and
overtaken
,
he
died
more
honourably
than
he
expected
,
being
dispatch'd
by
a
Pistol-shot
in
his
head
.
As
for
his
Complices
,
the
Duke
separated
those
who
had
been
concern'd
in
the
Conspiracy
of
Angoulesme
from
the
rest
,
whom
seeing
to
be
men
so
obstinate
in
their
malice
,
as
neither
reason
could
reduce
,
nor
mercy
reclaim
,
he
caus'd
eighteen
to
be
hang'd
up
before
the
Gates
of
the
Castle
,
and
pardon'd
all
the
rest
.
It
is
but
a
very
little
while
ago
,
that
an
old
man
of
fourscore
and
two
years
old
,
told
me
this
story
,
wherein
he
himself
had
been
no
little
concern'd
,
as
being
one
of
those
set
apart
for
the
Rope
;
for
having
before
made
one
in
the
business
of
Angoulesme
;
but
his
good
fortune
reserving
him
for
one
of
the
last
that
was
to
die
,
and
the
Marquise
de
Mezieres
who
was
at
that
time
Mistriss
of
the
Castle
of
Villebois
,
being
then
in
the
Country
,
and
by
some
of
the
poor
man's
Friends
apply'd
to
,
that
she
would
intercede
for
him
,
she
had
so
much
time
as
to
entreat
,
and
obtain
his
pardon
;
and
this
was
I
think
the
only
man
of
those
former
Offenders
,
who
escap'd
that
Execution
;
neither
indeed
could
such
a
mercy
have
been
better
plac'd
,
than
on
a
man
who
knew
so
well
how
to
husband
his
life
,
when
it
was
once
more
his
own
,
as
to
preserve
it
almost
an
age
after
.
This
Castle
with
the
demean
and
territory
belonging
to
it
(
one
of
the
fairest
of
that
Country
)
was
soon
after
purchas'd
by
the
Duke
,
and
since
advanc'd
into
a
Dutchy
,
and
Peerdom
,
under
the
Title
of
the
Dutchy
de
la
Valette
:
And
I
have
often
heard
the
Duke
lament
the
ruines
he
was
forc'd
to
make
of
this
Castle
,
being
before
a
delicate
Pile
of
Stone
,
and
very
capacious
;
but
never
after
wholly
repair'd
,
there
still
remaining
some
monuments
of
the
Rebellion
as
also
of
the
punishment
,
those
desperate
men
suffer'd
,
who
were
the
Commoters
of
it
.
This
execution
,
that
would
have
appear'd
more
like
an
example
of
Cruelty
,
than
Justice
,
had
the
Crimes
of
the
Offenders
been
less
,
or
not
repeated
,
strook
such
a
terror
into
the
rest
of
that
Party
,
that
they
were
not
now
so
hasty
to
appear
for
a
side
they
had
seen
so
roughly
handled
;
so
that
the
Duke
did
now
not
only
enjoy
the
repose
of
his
Government
,
but
gave
sanctuary
to
many
of
the
King's
Party
of
the
neighbouring
Provinces
,
who
were
overmatch'd
,
or
oppress'd
by
the
League
.
I
have
already
told
you
the
occasion
that
call'd
him
into
Limousin
,
and
I
shall
now
tell
you
of
another
of
the
same
nature
,
and
of
no
less
importance
,
though
it
made
not
so
great
a
noise
in
the
world
,
that
call'd
him
into
the
Government
of
Guyenne
.
The
Mareschal
de
Matignon
,
the
King's
Lieutenant
in
that
Province
,
had
his
hands
so
full
in
,
and
about
Bordeaux
,
that
the
impossibility
of
his
being
present
in
all
places
,
where
his
presence
was
requir'd
,
gave
opportunity
to
Lussan
,
the
Governour
of
Blaye
,
a
man
enclin'd
to
the
League
,
to
lend
some
Gentlemen
of
that
Party
some
Forces
,
in
order
to
the
taking
of
Bourg
;
two
little
Leagues
distant
only
from
Blaye
.
This
Town
,
though
of
a
very
little
circuit
,
is
notwithstanding
of
very
advantageous
situation
;
for
besides
that
it
stands
upon
an
eminence
of
very
difficult
access
,
it
absolutely
commands
the
River
of
Dordongne
,
as
it
also
at
least
awes
that
of
Garonne
,
being
not
above
a
quarter
of
a
League
from
the
Bec
d'
Ambez
,
where
these
two
Rivers
meet
to
make
the
Gironde
.
It
must
therefore
needs
be
of
great
advantage
to
the
League
to
possess
this
place
,
by
which
means
Bordeaux
would
be
absolutely
depriv'd
of
the
succour
of
two
so
considerable
Rivers
,
by
which
the
City
was
continually
,
and
abundantly
supply'd
.
The
Leaguers
therefore
,
spurr'd
on
by
these
considerations
,
had
laid
Siege
to
Bourg
,
and
were
by
the
favour
of
some
of
the
Inhabitants
of
their
Party
receiv'd
into
the
Town
,
without
any
opposition
;
but
la
Ioviziere
,
a
man
of
approved
Valour
,
who
commanded
in
the
Castle
,
defended
himself
so
well
,
The
D●ke
relieves
B●urg
.
notwithstanding
the
ill
condition
of
the
place
,
and
the
vigour
of
the
Assailants
;
who
press'd
hard
upon
him
,
that
he
gave
the
Duke
time
to
come
to
his
Relief
,
at
whose
first
appearance
,
the
Enemy
retir'd
;
when
the
Duke
having
publickly
commended
the
Governours
Valour
,
and
the
fidelity
of
some
honest
Inhabitants
who
had
stuck
stoutly
to
him
in
this
occasion
,
withdrew
the
Captain
into
his
own
Service
,
for
the
testimony
he
had
given
of
his
Valour
,
leaving
Campagno
,
after
Colonel
of
the
Regiment
of
Guards
,
and
since
Governour
of
Boulogne
,
with
a
good
Garrison
in
his
room
▪
as
judging
this
place
of
that
importance
,
that
it
ought
to
have
a
person
of
no
less
Authority
to
defend
it
against
any
attempt
from
the
Garrison
of
Blaye
,
so
near
,
and
so
dangerous
a
Neighbour
:
Yet
did
not
the
Duke
keep
it
long
in
his
possession
;
for
the
King
not
long
after
commanding
him
to
deliver
it
up
to
him
,
he
immediately
obey'd
,
though
he
had
in
a
mann●r
himself
made
a
conquest
of
it
:
Some
say
that
the
Mareschal
de
Matignon
,
jealous
of
so
considerable
a
neighbour
as
the
Duke
,
had
earnestly
importun'd
the
King
to
retrive
this
place
out
of
his
hands
.
The
Duke
having
by
these
successes
settled
all
his
Neighbours
in
peace
,
Anno
1591.
whilst
the
rest
of
the
Kingdom
was
in
trouble
,
it
was
but
reasonable
that
he
himself
should
share
in
that
felicity
,
wherein
his
Valour
and
Vigilancy
had
so
fortunately
establish'd
others
;
and
of
this
he
receiv'd
the
first
and
most
happy
fruits
by
the
Blessing
God
was
pleas'd
to
give
his
Marriage-Bed
;
for
having
been
already
three
years
Married
to
Marguerite
de
Foix
,
Countess
of
Candale
,
without
Issue
,
(
the
great
,
and
various
agitations
,
wherewith
he
had
been
continually
exercis'd
all
that
time
;
scarce
allowing
him
the
leisure
to
live
in
company
with
his
Wife
)
at
last
this
vertuous
Lady
in
March
1591.
was
at
Xaintes
brought
to
Bed
of
Henry
de
Foix
,
The
birth
of
Henry
de
Foix
,
and
de
la
Valette
▪
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
eldest
Son
.
and
de
la
Valette
his
eldest
Son
,
whom
we
have
since
seen
Duke
of
Candale
,
and
whose
Valour
has
manifested
it self
in
most
parts
of
Europe
,
where
he
acquir'd
the
Reputation
of
one
of
the
greatest
Captains
of
his
time
:
To
these
Military
Vertues
,
he
had
yet
the
addition
of
so
many
other
excellent
qualities
,
that
it
was
hard
to
say
,
which
was
to
be
most
admir'd
,
his
Valour
in
War
,
his
Sweetness
in
Conversation
,
or
his
Prudence
and
Dexterity
in
the
Management
,
The
birth
of
Bernard
de
F●ix
,
and
de
la
Valet●e
,
the
Duke's
second
Son
.
and
Conduct
of
the
most
weighty
Affairs
.
The
year
following
1592.
the
Duke
was
enrich'd
with
another
Son
,
Bernard
de
Foix
,
and
de
la
Valette
,
who
was
bo●●
at
Angoul●sme
,
and
who
is
now
the
sole
Heir
of
that
illustrious
Family
;
a
Prince
whose
Vertues
would
furnish
me
,
with
sufficient
matter
for
his
praise
,
did
not
his
modesty
impose
my
silence
.
The
Birth
of
Lewis
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
,
the
Duke's
youngest
Son
.
The
third
and
last
was
Lewis
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
,
born
at
Angoulesme
the
year
following
;
one
whom
the
Court
esteem'd
,
and
acknowledg'd
for
the
greatest
,
and
most
accomplish'd
Courtier
that
had
there
been
bred
for
many
years
.
He
render
,
d
himself
conspicuous
in
his
profession
whilst
he
continued
in
it
,
by
embellishing
,
and
adorning
an
excellent
natural
ingenuity
with
the
choicest
Flowers
of
Divine
and
Humane
Learning
;
and
doubtless
,
had
he
apply'd
himself
wholly
to
his
Book
,
might
have
gone
equal
to
the
most
famous
Church-men
of
this
latter
age
:
but
the
heat
of
his
Courage
having
tempted
him
,
out
of
the
bounds
of
his
Spiritual
Profession
,
he
prov'd
a
better
Captain
,
than
the
chance
of
War
would
give
him
leave
long
to
continue
;
for
the
Wars
of
Italy
wherein
he
serv'd
the
State
with
unparallel'd
Diligence
,
and
greater
Success
,
than
was
to
be
expected
from
so
few
Forces
,
as
he
commanded
,
spurr'd
on
his
untimely
Fate
,
as
also
his
elder
Brothers
,
who
both
of
them
in
less
than
four
months
space
,
lost
their
lives
in
the
same
Army
.
Whilst
the
Duke
had
been
employing
his
Power
,
Passages
at
Co●rt
in
the
Duke's
absence
.
and
Person
in
these
foremention'd
exploits
,
there
had
pass'd
much
important
action
about
the
Person
of
the
King
;
who
after
the
Skirmish
of
Arques
,
and
the
Battel
of
Y●ry
,
was
grown
to
such
a
height
of
Power
and
Reputation
,
as
had
put
him
into
a
condition
to
undertake
the
Siege
of
Paris
;
which
doubtless
he
might
then
have
taken
▪
if
on
the
one
side
his
Majesty
had
been
less
solicitous
to
preserve
the
City
(
which
would
have
been
utterly
destroy'd
should
his
Army
have
entred
by
storm
)
or
on
the
other
side
the
Citizens
had
been
less
obstinate
in
their
defense
:
but
their
despair
fortifying
,
and
hardning
them
against
their
necessities
,
which
in
truth
were
insupportable
,
they
gave
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
time
to
fetch
the
Duke
of
Parma
to
their
Relief
,
which
for
some
years
prorogu'd
the
entire
Victory
his
Majesty
might
then
,
but
for
his
Clemency
,
have
obtain'd
.
After
the
raising
of
this
Siege
,
the
King's
Army
being
much
decay'd
by
the
length
,
and
ill
success
thereof
,
all
the
Catholicks
who
had
thus
long
serv'd
his
Majesty
,
even
his
most
particular
Servants
,
took
the
liberty
,
highly
to
complain
of
his
slow
proceeding
towards
his
intended
Conversion
;
The
King
importun'd
to
hasten
his
Conversion
.
as
also
the
several
Societies
,
and
Companies
of
the
Kingdom
,
generally
sent
their
Deputies
humbly
to
beseech
his
Majesty
to
put
an
end
to
that
good
work
,
which
would
likewise
put
an
end
●o
all
his
own
troubles
,
and
be
the
only
means
to
preserve
his
Kingdom
;
nay
even
the
Court
it self
grew
importunate
in
the
same
〈◊〉
,
and
were
already
laying
the
design
of
a
third
Party
,
which
would
have
involv'd
the
King
in
a
new
difficulty
his
Majesty
had
then
no
need
of
;
but
to
prevent
all
inconveniencies
,
to
stop
mens
mouths
,
and
to
hinder
all
these
Court-practices
,
his
Majesty
saw
it
necessary
to
renew
the
War
with
new
vigour
,
and
by
some
notable
,
and
important
action
,
to
gain
a
reputation
to
his
Party
.
He
took
therefore
a
resolution
to
call
all
the
Nobility
he
could
win
over
to
him
,
about
his
person
,
and
that
not
so
much
to
re-inforce
his
Army
by
their
presence
,
as
to
hinder
them
(
being
at
distance
,
and
in
full
liberty
to
dispose
of
themselves
)
from
joyning
either
with
those
Factions
already
form'd
by
his
Enemies
,
or
such
as
were
now
(
even
by
those
who
had
hitherto
follow'd
his
Fortune
)
forming
against
him
.
Nevertheless
his
Majesty
knowing
very
well
,
that
the
major
part
of
those
,
who
had
separated
themselves
from
him
,
had
done
it
meerly
out
of
respect
to
Religion
,
and
that
they
would
not
easily
be
induc'd
to
return
,
unless
he
first
gave
them
some
hopes
,
as
to
that
particular
;
he
sent
to
assure
them
,
that
he
desir'd
nothing
more
ardently
,
than
to
be
instructed
in
the
Catholick
Religion
,
to
the
end
,
that
with
the
satisfaction
and
safety
of
his
Conscience
,
he
might
make
open
profession
of
it
to
all
the
world
.
Upon
this
assurance
of
his
speedy
Conversion
(
which
notwithstanding
was
not
accomplish'd
till
some
years
after
)
the
Duke
of
Nevers
,
with
many
other
persons
of
Quality
,
came
over
to
him
;
The
D●ke
of
Espernon
returns
to
Court
.
and
amongst
others
,
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
whom
his
Majesty
having
also
invited
to
his
Service
,
and
who
having
only
forsook
him
at
the
first
out
of
scruple
of
Conscience
,
that
being
now
overcome
by
the
resolution
his
Majesty
profess'd
to
have
taken
,
he
made
no
difficulty
to
return
,
and
with
a
Train
that
sufficiently
denoted
with
what
passion
he
embrac'd
his
Service
;
bringing
along
with
him
three
thousand
five
hundred
Foot
,
four
hundred
Light
Horse
,
and
four
hundred
Harquebusiers
,
on
horse-back
.
With
which
Forces
(
which
the
Duke
had
rais'd
at
his
own
charge
,
and
by
his
own
credit
)
his
Majesty
being
very
well
recruited
,
D'Avila
.
he
resolv'd
to
make
a
new
attempt
upon
Paris
it self
,
and
to
assault
it
in
four
places
at
once
:
A
Design
he
intended
to
execute
by
Ladders
,
and
Petards
,
and
to
lead
on
one
of
the
Divisions
to
the
Assault
in
his
own
person
,
in
which
the
Duke
of
Espernon
was
appointed
to
attend
him
;
and
indeed
of
his
men
chiefly
consisted
that
Body
his
Majesty
would
in
person
lead
on
to
the
Assault
.
A
Design
which
,
had
not
the
Parisians
had
timely
information
of
,
had
been
very
likely
to
have
taken
effect
:
but
the
preparation
of
Ladders
,
and
other
provisions
for
the
attempt
,
being
made
at
St.
Dennis
,
and
other
adjacent
places
,
almost
in
the
sight
of
Paris
,
the
King's
Forces
no
sooner
appear'd
,
than
the
Parisians
were
also
found
ready
upon
their
Walls
,
in
a
resolute
posture
of
defense
;
which
his
Majesty
perceiving
,
he
retir'd
without
making
a
fruitless
attempt
in
a
Design
which
could
not
possibly
,
but
in
case
of
a
surprize
,
succeed
:
So
that
this
Stratagem
failing
,
he
resolv'd
upon
the
Siege
of
Chartres
,
The
Siege
of
Chartres
,
which
in
the
end
he
took
,
but
not
without
much
difficulty
,
expense
of
much
time
,
and
the
loss
of
a
great
number
of
men
.
The
Duke
having
consider'd
that
he
might
now
have
a
fit
opportunity
during
this
Siege
to
go
to
Boulogne
,
of
which
he
had
enjoy'd
the
Government
during
his
time
of
Favour
,
to
settle
it
in
a
posture
of
safety
,
he
entreated
leave
of
his
Majesty
that
he
might
undertake
that
Journey
.
This
place
(
a
Town
of
great
importance
)
had
hitherto
been
commanded
by
the
Sieur
de
Bernay
,
whom
the
Duke
had
formerly
plac'd
Governour
there
,
and
in
whom
he
had
for
many
years
repos'd
an
intire
confidence
:
but
at
last
Bernay
,
having
by
some
odd
carriage
of
his
,
rendre●
himself
suspected
to
the
Duke
,
he
was
resolv'd
to
withdraw
him
from
that
trust
:
And
forasmuch
as
Picardy
,
in
the
utmost
borders
of
which
this
Town
was
seated
,
was
very
partial
to
the
Leaguers
,
who
were
possess'd
of
most
of
the
chief
Cities
of
that
Province
,
the
Duke
entreated
his
Majesty
,
The
Duke
goes
into
Picardy
.
that
he
might
take
five
hundred
of
those
Horse
he
had
brought
with
him
to
the
Service
,
for
his
Convoy
in
this
expedition
;
a
request
the
King
made
no
difficulty
to
grant
,
his
Majesty
having
no
great
use
of
Horse
in
this
Siege
:
So
that
departing
in
this
equipage
,
he
perform'd
his
Journey
without
the
least
opposition
,
or
shew
of
an
Enemy
,
withdrew
Bernay
from
Boulogne
,
and
plac'd
the
Marquis
de
Roüillac
,
his
Brother-in-law
,
in
his
stead
,
who
serv'd
many
years
after
in
that
employment
under
his
command
:
But
though
the
Duke
had
met
no
body
to
oppose
him
,
as
he
went
through
the
Country
;
the
Duke
d'
Aumale
,
Governour
general
for
the
League
in
Picardy
,
had
nevertheless
been
meditating
how
to
cut
him
off
in
his
return
,
and
to
that
purpose
had
call'd
Minieux
,
the
particular
Governour
of
Montreüille
,
into
his
Design
,
where
betwixt
them
it
was
agreed
,
that
Mini●ux
should
follow
the
Duke
in
the
Rear
,
till
he
had
dogg'd
him
within
sight
of
the
Duke
d'
Aumale's
Forces
;
so
that
being
charg'd
at
once
in
the
Rear
by
Minieux
▪
and
in
the
Front
by
the
Duke
of
Aumale
,
it
would
be
impossible
for
him
,
thus
beset
on
all
sides
,
and
by
Forces
double
to
his
own
,
to
disingage
himself
from
so
inevitable
a
danger
.
And
certainly
had
the
Order
been
as
well
observ'd
,
as
the
Design
was
well
laid
,
the
Duke
wou●d
have
had
very
much
ado
to
have
freed
himself
from
so
manifest
a
peril
:
his
good
fortune
nevertheless
deliver'd
him
from
it
by
an
accident
,
that
in
it self
had
been
like
enough
to
have
hastned
his
Ruine
.
An
attempt
●pon
the
Duke
of
Espernon
by
the
Duke
of
Aumale
.
This
Minieux
had
for
some
time
been
the
Duke's
particular
,
and
mortal
Enemy
;
and
upon
the
pretense
of
not
having
been
well
us'd
by
him
in
the
height
of
his
favour
,
had
with
great
impatience
watch'd
an
occasion
like
this
,
wherein
to
execute
his
Revenge
.
Wherefore
lying
in
Ambuscado
with
two
hundred
and
fifty
Light
Horse
,
upon
the
way
the
Duke
was
to
pass
,
and
the
Duke
of
Aumale
not
far
off
in
a
Wood
within
half
a
League
of
Pont
de
Douricé
with
seven
hundred
more
,
Minieux
impatient
to
be
at
it
,
and
either
fearing
to
lose
the
opportunity
of
his
revenge
,
or
hoping
to
gain
a
rich
Booty
of
the
Duke's
Baggage
,
could
not
contain
himself
;
but
appearing
sooner
,
than
he
should
have
done
,
he
follow'd
the
Duke
so
clo●e
,
till
he
was
advanc'd
within
almost
Musquet-shot
of
his
Rear
,
which
(
the
Bodies
being
so
near
)
occasion'd
many
light
Skirmishes
betwixt
them
;
until
at
last
the
Duke
nettled
to
see
himself
so
pursu'd
,
and
trifled
withal
by
his
Enemy
,
commanded
Montestruc
his
Kinsman
to
go
charge
them
with
forty
Horse
,
himself
at
the
same
time
seconded
by
the
Baron
de
Chasteliers
(
since
Baron
d'
Ars
)
by
Gohas
,
and
Miran
the
chief
Officers
of
his
Party
,
giving
so
brisk
a
Charge
into
the
Enemies
Body
,
that
they
were
instantly
put
to
rout
.
Minieux
routed
by
by
the
Duke
,
and
taken
prisoner
.
The
fight
was
not
very
obstinate
,
by
reason
the
Commanders
of
the
other
side
were
either
wounded
,
or
slain
in
the
first
Encounter
,
and
there
was
none
to
Rally
,
or
Command
▪
Minieux
and
his
Son
,
Conteval
his
Lieutenant
,
and
fifteen
,
or
twenty
of
the
chief
Commanders
were
trodden
under
foot
,
and
the
rest
betook
themselves
to
flight
.
The
Duke
,
who
would
not
engage
himself
too
far
into
a
Country
where
he
had
no
other
business
,
than
to
pass
through
it
,
thought
it
not
convenient
to
follow
the
pursuit
;
but
contenting
himself
with
those
prisoners
he
had
taken
upon
the
place
,
though
they
were
exceedingly
wounded
,
he
went
on
his
way
;
but
one
of
his
Gentlemen
(
Bois
Rufier
by
name
)
being
stragled
out
to
discover
the
Country
,
fell
into
the
Duke
of
Aumale's
Ambuscado
;
who
,
being
carried
by
those
had
taken
him
before
the
Duke
,
was
by
him
examin'd
of
his
quality
▪
and
who
he
was
for
?
who
answer'd
,
That
he
belong'd
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
shewing
him
at
the
same
time
the
Duke's
Vant-Guard
,
which
began
to
appear
upon
a
little
eminence
hard
by
.
The
Duke
then
further
demanded
of
him
,
if
he
had
seen
Minieux
?
to
which
he
answer'd
,
That
Minieux
was
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
Prisoner
,
and
withal
recounted
to
him
the
manner
of
his
Defeat
;
which
the
Duke
of
Aumale
was
no
sooner
enform'd
of
,
but
that
conceiving
it
was
not
convenient
,
to
engage
in
an
uncertain
Fight
,
where
he
had
promis'd
to
himself
a
certain
Victory
,
he
retyr'd
,
without
once
daring
to
attempt
any
thing
upon
the
Duke
,
highly
condemning
and
complaining
of
Minieux
,
who
by
his
rashness
and
impatience
,
had
ruin'd
so
hopeful
a
Design
.
The
Duke
,
having
thus
rid
his
hands
of
his
Enemies
,
went
to
put
himself
into
the
danger
of
his
Friends
;
at
least
those
who
ought
to
have
been
so
,
being
engag'd
in
the
same
Service
:
but
I
dare
not
here
publish
all
I
know
of
this
business
,
lest
I
should
revive
the
memory
of
an
Action
,
that
was
then
condemn●d
by
the
King
himself
,
and
that
cannot
be
approved
of
now
.
I
shall
only
tell
you
,
The
Duke
's
ill
usage
at
Corbie
.
that
the
Duke
having
carried
his
Prisoners
into
Corbie
,
they
were
there
peremptorily
demanded
of
him
,
and
upon
his
refusal
violently
taken
and
detained
from
him
:
A
dispute
that
was
on
both
sides
carried
on
with
such
heat
,
as
brought
the
Duke's
Person
,
who
could
not
with
any
thought
of
patience
endure
so
great
an
affront
,
into
very
great
danger
:
and
the
odds
against
him
was
so
great
,
that
nothing
could
have
been
expected
,
but
certain
death
,
had
not
the
Sieur
de
Humierres
the
King's
Lieutenant
in
the
place
,
and
the
Sieur
de
la
Boissiere
his
Brother-in-law
interposing
,
hinder'd
the
violence
was
preparing
against
him
,
and
mediated
an
Accommodation
;
which
,
though
it
could
not
obliterate
the
memory
of
the
offense
,
kept
matters
notwithstanding
from
proceeding
to
the
last
Extreams
.
Neither
was
this
the
last
danger
the
Duke
escap'd
in
his
return
:
for
as
he
proceeded
on
his
way
to
Chartres
,
where
the
Siege
still
continued
,
he
heard
the
Marquis
d'
O
his
old
friend
was
very
busie
at
the
Siege
of
Pierre
Fonds
,
which
he
had
undertaken
;
whom
the
Duke
going
to
visit
,
he
was
by
him
entreated
to
stay
there
a
few
days
,
and
by
his
Authority
,
and
those
Forces
he
had
then
with
him
,
to
help
him
to
bring
his
Enterprize
to
an
honourable
issue
;
which
the
Duke
as
franckly
consented
to
,
and
went
immediately
into
the
Trenches
,
to
take
a
view
of
the
order
of
the
Siege
:
where
presenting
himself
with
his
usual
bravery
to
open
view
of
the
Enemy
,
and
without
other
Arms
,
than
his
Corsset
only
,
The
Duke
shot
into
the
mouth
at
Pierre
Fonds
.
he
receiv'd
a
Harquebuss-shot
in
his
mouth
,
that
passing
through
one
of
his
cheeks
,
shatter'd
his
right
jaw
,
and
coming
out
at
his
chin
,
flatted
upon
his
Gorget
:
A
shot
that
every
one
believ'd
had
certainly
dispatch'd
him
.
But
being
carried
to
his
Lodging
,
and
his
Wound
search'd
,
it
was
found
to
be
nothing
dangerous
;
and
in
a
few
days
he
was
in
a
condition
to
mount
on
horse-back
.
After
all
these
good
and
evil
adventures
,
the
Duke
being
at
last
arriv'd
at
Chartres
,
he
went
presently
to
give
the
King
an
accompt
of
his
Voyage
,
The
Duke
returns
to
the
King
.
not
forgetting
to
make
his
complaint
of
the
injury
done
him
at
Corbie
,
withal
humbly
entreating
his
Majesty
would
be
pleas'd
to
do
him
Justice
;
which
the
King
had
in
part
already
done
,
having
order'd
his
prisoners
immediately
to
be
restor'd
:
but
their
Wounds
were
such
,
that
they
all
dy'd
of
them
,
soon
after
they
were
left
at
Corbie
;
so
that
they
who
had
committed
the
injury
not
long
surviving
,
the
Duke's
Quarrel
was
at
an
end
,
and
all
thoughts
of
revenge
were
soon
extinct
,
and
for
ever
buried
in
oblivion
.
The
Siege
of
Chartres
continued
yet
some
time
after
the
Duke's
return
,
which
la
Bourdaisiere
,
Governour
there
for
the
League
,
had
so
bravely
defended
,
as
often
made
the
King
to
repent
that
undertaking
,
having
lost
before
it
the
Sieur
de
Chastillon
,
eighteen
Camp-Masters
,
and
,
as
may
well
be
imagin'd
from
thence
,
a
great
number
of
common
Souldiers
:
Neither
did
those
Forces
the
Duke
of
Espernon
had
left
with
the
King
scape
better
than
the
rest
,
the
King
(
willing
to
husband
the
lives
of
his
own
Servants
in
whom
he
yet
repos'd
a
greater
trust
,
than
in
the
Duke
)
continually
exposing
them
to
the
greatest
danger
.
Of
these
Beaujeu
,
Mascaron
,
and
Blumet
,
three
Colonels
were
there
slain
,
and
also
many
other
Officers
;
by
whose
valour
,
amongst
the
rest
(
who
perhaps
had
better
fortune
)
the
place
was
at
last
(
notwithstanding
their
notable
resistance
)
reduc'd
to
the
necessity
of
a
surrender
.
From
thence
his
Majesty
pass'd
over
into
Picardy
,
Chartres
after
an
obstinate
Siege
surrendred
to
the
King
,
and
soon
after
Noyon
.
where
he
besieg'd
,
and
took
Noyon
,
and
secur'd
many
other
considerable
Cities
of
that
Province
to
his
obedience
:
when
having
after
all
made
a
little
digression
into
Champagne
,
the
year
,
and
that
Champagne
ended
together
;
it
being
necessary
to
dispose
the
Army
into
several
Garrisons
to
refresh
them
:
So
that
the
Duke
,
seeing
the
time
of
the
year
for
further
Service
was
now
past
,
ask'd
leave
of
the
King
to
retire
into
his
own
Government
to
recruit
his
Troops
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon
retires
into
his
own
Government
.
that
they
might
be
in
a
better
condition
to
serve
his
Majesty
the
year
to
come
:
to
which
his
Majesty
willingly
consented
,
dismissing
the
Duke
with
great
testimonies
of
an
entire
satisfaction
in
his
service
,
and
an
absolute
oblivion
of
all
past
unkindness
.
The
end
of
the
Third
Book
.
THE
HISTORY
Of
the
LIFE
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
The
Fourth
Book
.
THE
Duke
solicitous
by
his
Services
to
dispossess
the
King
of
those
evil
impressions
,
Anno
1592.
his
Majesty
had
,
through
the
ill
Offices
of
some
,
conceiv'd
against
him
,
to
the
prejudice
of
his
Loyalty
and
affection
;
The
Duke
prepares
to
return
to
the
King
.
did
now
resolve
to
raise
far
greater
Forces
,
than
before
,
for
the
Summer
to
come
.
Neither
had
his
Majesty
on
his
part
conceal'd
his
most
secret
Designs
from
the
Duke's
knowledge
;
but
on
the
contrary
had
invited
him
again
into
action
,
and
had
reserv'd
an
Employment
of
great
trust
,
Is
hindred
by
the
death
of
Mounsieur
de
la
Valette
hi●
Brother
.
and
Reputation
for
him
in
his
Army
.
The
Duke
also
was
prepar'd
to
go
,
and
expected
with
great
impatience
his
Majesties
Order
,
for
his
setting
out
;
when
he
receiv'd
the
sad
news
of
the
death
of
Mounsieur
de
la
Valette
his
Brother
.
This
Lord
,
after
he
had
beaten
the
Duke
of
Savoy
out
of
Provence
,
and
made
him
sustain
such
losses
,
Mounsieur
de
la
Valette
's
exploit●
in
Provence
,
and
〈◊〉
.
as
had
forc'd
him
to
retire
into
his
own
Dukedom
,
after
he
had
settled
Provence
and
Dauphiné
in
his
Majesties
Obedience
,
and
almost
rooted
out
all
the
seeds
of
the
League
in
those
two
Provinces
;
after
having
by
Treaties
carried
on
with
infinite
Conduct
,
and
Prudence
,
interested
the
Republick
of
Venice
,
the
Dukes
of
Florence
,
and
Mantua
in
his
Majesties
Quarrel
,
and
obtain'd
from
these
Princes
security
for
thirty
thousand
Crowns
a
month
,
to
transport
the
War
into
the
Dutchy
of
Savoy
it self
;
of
which
also
he
was
to
have
the
management
(
by
so
powerful
a
diversion
to
oblige
this
Ambitious
Prince
to
defend
his
own
Territories
instead
of
invading
his
Neighbours
:
)
Being
,
I
say
,
upon
the
point
to
execute
a
design
so
honourable
in
it self
,
and
so
important
to
the
Crown
,
he
would
yet
first
absolutely
cleanse
Provence
from
the
contagion
of
the
League
,
that
he
might
leave
no
Enemy
behind
to
beget
new
mischiefs
,
when
he
should
not
be
near
to
suppress
them
.
To
this
end
therefore
he
dr●w
his
Ar●y
into
the
Field
in
the
beginning
of
Ianuary
,
and
went
to
besiege
Roquebrune
,
that
stood
for
the
League
:
A
place
,
which
though
little
,
was
nevertheless
so
strong
,
that
Mounsieur
de
la
Valette's
Battery
,
having
plaid
upon
that
side
which
was
best
fortified
,
and
not
working
that
speedy
effect
he
desir'd
,
he
would
remove
〈…〉
other
side
;
and
in
〈◊〉
impatience
to
put
an
end
to
an
enterprize
so
much
inferiour
to
his
greater
designs
,
would
himself
help
to
remove
the
Cannon
to
a
more
advantageous
place
;
where
being
expos'd
to
the
Enemies
view
,
open
,
and
in
his
Doublet
only
〈…〉
lost
many
of
our
best
Captains
)
he
receiv'd
a
Musquet
shot
in
the
head
,
the
eleventh
day
of
Ianuary
;
of
which
within
thirteen
hours
after
he
died
.
All
the
Historians
of
his
time
celebrated
the
Vertues
of
this
〈…〉
highest
〈◊〉
of
Honour
;
Mounsi●ur
de
〈◊〉
the
King
himself
appear'd
infin●●ely
concern'd
a●
his
death
,
by
which
he
was
depriv'd
of
a
valiant
Captain
,
and
a
faithful
Subject
:
Nay
even
〈◊〉
Enemies
lamented
his
loss
(
so
great
an
interest
has
Vertue
in
generous
minds
:
)
but
the
Duke
hi●
Brother
was
afflicted
to
the
last
degree
.
He
had
ever
lov'd
him
to
an
example
of
Fraternal
Affection
,
had
never
made
any
distinction
betwixt
the
interests
of
so
good
a
Brother
,
and
his
own
;
he
had
invested
him
in
a
very
considerable
share
of
his
own
fortune
,
he
had
bestow'd
upon
him
the
Government
of
Provence
,
with
the
Office
of
Admiral
of
France
,
he
had
been
continually
assisting
to
him
with
his
Purse
and
Credit
,
and
had
ever
made
him
a
partaker
in
all
the
advantages
of
his
Master's
Favour
:
benefits
,
of
which
Mounsieur
de
la
Valette
had
,
on
his
part
,
made
so
modest
,
and
so
vertuous
an
use
,
that
he
thought
himself
oblig'd
(
having
no
posterity
to
provide
for
)
to
husband
them
for
the
Duke
his
Brother's
Service
:
Which
grati●●de
to
h●s
Benefactor
was
rewarded
by
a
good
fortune
to
himself
▪
for
having
little
frequented
the
Court
,
the
discontents
and
disgraces
which
sometimes
perplext
the
Duke
could
never●
reach
or
reflect
upon
him
,
who
had
continually
been
abroad
in
action
,
and
that
with
so
good
success
,
that
his
merit
made
him
by
every
one
thought
worthy
of
that
greatness
he
possess'd
;
so
that
he
was
favour'd
,
and
esteem'd
by
all
good
men
,
without
the
least
mixrure
of
hatred
,
or
envy
.
Neither
was
he
,
on
his
part
,
wanting
to
his
own
Reputation
and
Interest
;
but
ever
behav'd
himself
in
all
his
Employments
with
infinite
moderation
,
sweetness
,
liberality
,
and
noble
Courage
:
Vertues
that
establish'd
him
in
his
Government
with
such
Authority
,
and
that
rendred
him
so
considerable
to
the
Princes
bordering
upon
Provence
,
that
their
respect
to
him
begot
in
them
a
singular
regard
towards
the
Duke
his
Brother
;
whom
no
man
was
willing
(
upon
a
light
occasion
)
to
offend
,
left
this
(
whom
all
the
world
knew
to
be
so
kind
a
Brother
,
and
so
good
a
Friend
)
by
an
injury
offer'd
to
so
dear
a
Relation
,
might
be
tempted
into
extremities
,
that
usually
are
the
effects
of
so
just
a
resentment
.
It
appears
therefore
by
this
,
how
great
a
support
he
was
to
his
Family
:
but
this
unfortunate
blow
depriv'd
the
Duke
at
once
of
so
considerable
a
Fortune
,
of
so
powerful
an
Assistant
,
of
so
honourable
Employments
,
and
of
the
person
of
all
others
most
dearly
beloved
by
him
.
The
Office
of
Admiral
of
France
was
presently
,
and
that
by
the
Duke's
consent
,
conferr'd
upon
St.
Blancart
,
The
Office
of
Admiral
conferr'd
upon
St.
Blancart
.
since
Duke
and
Mareschal
de
Biron
,
his
Kinsman
,
and
intimate
Friend
;
who
(
as
we
have
already
observ'd
)
put
himself
into
the
Duke's
Service
in
the
beginning
of
his
Favour
:
but
who
afterwards
,
by
his
good
Services
had
advanc'd
himself
very
high
in
his
Majesties
esteem
.
Some
have
said
,
that
the
King
(
to
whom
the
Duke's
greatness
was
become
suspected
)
had
a
good
mind
,
at
the
same
time
,
to
have
dispos'd
of
the
Government
of
Provence
also
:
but
that
having
consider'd
most
of
the
principal
Cities
of
that
Province
were
in
the
custody
of
the
Duke's
Friends
,
or
their
Substitutes
,
who
had
serv'd
Volunteers
under
Mounsieur
de
la
Valette
;
that
the
Forces
,
there
residing
,
were
made
up
of
their
Creatures
,
such
as
only
serv'd
upon
the
two
Brothers
account
,
it
was
to
be
fear'd
the
Duke's
Discontents
would
be
humour'd
by
his
Friends
,
who
might
interest
themselves
in
his
Disgrace
:
So
that
his
Majesty
thinking
it
neither
convenient
,
nor
safe
,
as
Affairs
then
stood
,
directly
to
disoblige
the
Duke
,
was
forc'd
to
comply
with
the
necessity
of
the
time
,
and
to
consent
,
to
what
he
could
not
well
hinder
without
endangering
the
Affairs
of
that
Province
.
Mounsieur
de
la
Valette
was
no
sooner
dead
,
but
that
all
his
Officers
assembled
themselves
together
,
to
advise
,
what
,
upon
this
accident
,
they
were
best
to
do
;
where
,
without
much
debate
,
it
was
concluded
,
that
to
express
the
affection
,
they
had
ever
born
their
dead
General
,
and
the
respect
they
had
for
the
Duke
his
Brother
,
to
whom
they
would
that
affection
should
now
descend
,
it
was
fit
to
send
to
the
King
,
humbly
to
entreat
his
Majesty
,
that
he
would
send
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
to
command
them
in
the
place
of
Mounsieur
de
la
Valette
▪
declaring
freely
withal
,
that
under
the
command
of
any
other
they
should
not
so
chearfully
continue
those
services
,
they
had
for
the
time
past
so
successfully
perform'd
;
and
accordingly
with
this
Message
they
dispatch'd
away
the
●ieurs
d'
Esgarrebacques
,
and
de
Mespl●s
(
two
of
the
most
eminent
amongst
them
both
in
Valour
and
Condition
)
to
the
Court
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon
,
being
advertis'd
of
the
deputation
of
these
two
Gentlemen
to
the
King
,
by
the
Sieur
de
Peyroles
(
dispatch'd
to
him
at
the
same
time
by
the
Chief
Officers
of
Provence
)
sent
himself
also
to
solicite
his
Majesty
,
for
that
they
had
so
favourably
pursu'd
in
his
behalf
:
The
Duke
demands
of
the
King
the
Government
of
Provence
.
Representing
to
him
,
That
the
Government
of
Provence
could
not
be
reputed
vacant
,
whilst
he
was
living
,
who
had
put
it
into
his
Brothers
hands
,
upon
no
other
account
,
than
to
preserve
it
in
his
Majesties
Obedience
;
whilst
himself
,
with
such
as
depended
upon
him
,
expos'd
his
Life
,
and
Fortune
elsewhere
,
for
his
Service
.
That
the
first
,
and
true
title
,
to
that
Government
remain'd
in
him
,
and
that
since
he
was
so
unfortunate
as
to
survive
his
Brother
,
he
had
that
confidence
in
his
Majesties
Justice
,
that
he
would
not
add
to
his
affliction
by
depriving
him
of
an
Employment
,
he
had
only
transferr'd
to
another
,
that
he
might
himself
be
at
more
liberty
to
do
him
more
,
and
better
service
:
And
,
as
if
the
Duke
had
been
already
assur'd
of
his
Majesties
Favour
to
him
,
or
that
he
would
not
seem
in
the
least
to
suspect
it
,
he
publish'd
his
resolution
of
going
into
Provence
,
and
made
great
preparations
in
order
to
that
expedition
.
The
King
foreseeing
that
the
Duke
would
,
of
all
others
,
be
the
most
acceptably
receiv'd
by
that
people
,
and
knowing
also
,
that
in
the
confusion
the
Kingdom
then
was
,
the
Government
of
Provence
wherein
the
Duke
of
Savoy
,
and
the
League
had
made
a
dangerous
progress
since
the
death
of
Mounsieur
de
la
Valette
)
could
not
be
maintain'd
as
it
ought
,
otherwise
than
by
the
Duke's
●nterest
there
,
thought
fit
not
to
contradict
his
claim
;
and
consequently
,
about
the
end
of
March
the
same
year
,
sent
him
a
Commission
to
go
into
Provence
,
in
quality
of
Captain
General
of
all
his
Forces
there
,
without
revoking
the
title
of
Governour
,
which
had
been
granted
to
him
by
Henry
the
III.
as
also
without
any
confirmation
of
it
;
but
commanding
by
particular
dispatches
all
the
Cities
,
and
all
his
Servants
in
that
Province
to
acknowledge
,
and
obey
him
,
giving
the
Duke
in
this
some
seeming
satisfaction
,
till
he
might
find
a
time
and
opportunity
gently
to
withdraw
him
from
thence
.
The
Duke
,
having
thus
obtain'd
leave
of
the
King
,
prepar'd
himself
with
all
expedition
to
depart
from
his
Governments
of
Xaintonge
,
and
Angoumois
;
but
not
before
he
had
first
settled
his
Domestick
Affairs
;
the
chief
of
which
was
the
Inheritance
of
Mounsieur
de
la
Valette
,
who
,
some
days
before
his
Death
,
had
made
a
Will
,
wherein
,
't
is
true
,
he
had
made
the
Duke
his
Heir
;
but
with
so
little
advantage
to
him
,
that
the
very
particulars
of
the
Will
,
exceeded
the
value
of
his
Estate
.
He
had
given
great
Legacies
to
all
his
Friends
,
and
to
all
his
Servants
,
of
which
he
had
not
omitted
one
,
who
was
not
very
liberally
rewarded
.
He
had
moreover
given
many
pious
Legacies
for
publick
Buildings
,
Foundations
of
Convents
,
and
Hospitals
;
and
with
all
this
liberality
,
left
so
many
Debts
behind
him
,
that
the
Duke
was
advis'd
not
to
meddle
〈◊〉
the
Inheritance
,
as
a
thing
that
would
certainly
be
a
burthen
to
him
:
But
he
,
far
from
embracing
an
Advice
,
which
,
though
prudently
enough
given
,
he
thought
would
not
be
honourable
for
him
to
follow
,
could
not
think
his
Brothers
intention
sufficiently
fulfill'd
,
if
he
did
not
add
something
of
his
own
to
his
Liberalities
:
A
Resolution
he
so
peremptorily
executed
,
that
all
those
who
were
mentioned
in
the
Will
were
satisfied
,
before
the
Testator's
personal
Estate
could
be
priz'd
,
or
his
Revenue
gather'd
in
.
Having
thus
settled
this
business
,
whilst
his
Friends
were
busie
levying
such
Forces
,
as
he
intended
to
lead
into
Provence
,
he
had
now
nothing
left
to
do
,
but
to
begin
his
Journey
,
except
to
take
a
review
of
his
Army
:
Of
which
the
Cavalry
was
commanded
by
the
Sieurs
de
Chalais
,
d'
Ambleville
,
The
Forces
the
Duke
carried
with
him
into
Provence
.
d'
Ars
,
(
who
is
still
full
of
vigour
at
the
writing
of
this
History
,
and
I
think
the
only
Cavalier
remaining
of
all
the
Officers
of
that
Army
)
de
Touverac
,
de
Miran
,
de
Gohas
,
de
Bordes
,
d'
Estausan
,
de
Puygailliart
,
young
Masses
,
de
Boisseau
,
and
some
others
;
each
having
a
hundred
Light
Horse
in
his
Troop
.
The
Infantry
had
for
Camp
Masters
,
the
Baron
de
Mata
,
Bonnouvrier
,
Pernes
,
and
la
Rodérie
;
the
names
of
the
rest
I
could
not
learn
,
time
having
worn
out
their
Memories
:
But
the
Commanders
and
Souldiers
were
such
,
that
it
was
not
possible
to
see
any
where
a
more
complete
,
nor
a
more
spritely
Body
.
And
what
he
found
there
.
There
remain'd
in
Provence
of
those
who
had
kept
themselves
together
,
since
the
death
of
Mounsieur
de
la
Valette
,
his
own
Troop
of
Gens-d'Armes
,
and
that
of
the
Baron
de
Montaut
his
Cousin
,
consisting
each
of
two
hundred
Cuirassiers
,
with
that
of
the
Marquiss
de
Cadenot
,
consisting
of
one
.
The
Troops
of
Light
Horse
under
the
command
of
Belloe
,
of
Ramefort
,
of
Lyons
,
of
St.
Andiol
,
that
of
Buous
,
with
his
Regiment
of
Foot
,
commanded
by
the
Chevalier
de
Buous
his
Brother
,
with
the
Regiments
of
Merarques
,
and
de
Valaveyre
.
Soon
after
the
Duke's
Arrival
in
those
parts
,
he
was
yet
re-inforc'd
with
fifteen
hundred
Foot
,
which
the
Sieur
de
Gouvernet
brought
him
out
of
Dauphiné
;
and
the
Constable
his
Uncle
,
to
whom
he
gave
a
Visit
as
he
pass'd
through
Languedoc
,
furnish'd
him
with
three
hundred
Light
Horse
,
under
the
Command
of
the
Sieurs
de
Poyraux
,
de
Monteson
,
and
d'
Entragues
.
So
that
he
no
sooner
came
into
Provenc●
,
but
that
he
had
above
ten
thousand
Foot
,
besides
what
he
was
supply'd
withal
from
the
Garrisons
of
the
Country
,
which
made
up
three
thousand
more
,
and
at
least
fifteen
or
sixteen
hundred
Horse
.
The
Mareschals
de
Camp
,
to
those
Forces
he
had
rais'd
himself
,
were
the
Sieurs
de
Megrin
,
and
de
Bonnouvrier
,
and
of
those
in
Provence
,
Montaut
,
and
le
Passage
,
who
having
serv'd
in
the
same
quality
under
his
Brother
,
he
thought
,
by
no
means
fit
to
be
disoblig'd
.
So
many
,
and
so
vast
Leagues
,
made
at
the
Duke
's
own
charges
,
could
not
but
very
much
exhaust
his
purse
,
which
had
before
been
weakned
by
the
excessive
expense
he
had
been
at
for
the
Service
of
the
two
Kings
:
For
in
his
Voyage
to
Henry
the
III
at
Tours
,
he
had
(
as
has
been
said
)
rais'd
six
thousand
Foot
,
and
twelve
hundred
Horse
,
and
in
the
last
Campagne
,
he
had
brought
to
Henry
IIII.
four
thousand
Foot
,
and
eight
hundred
Light
Horse
,
which
could
not
be
rais'd
without
infinite
expense
:
So
that
it
is
no
wonder
,
if
he
was
now
reduc'd
to
borrowing
,
as
indeed
he
was
,
and
did
borrow
a
very
considerable
summe
at
Angoulesme
;
where
one
particular
man
,
Francois
Redout
by
name
,
Sieur
de
Nevillac
,
lent
him
,
at
his
departure
from
thence
,
fifty
thousand
Crowns
;
The
Duke
enforc'd
to
borrow
mony
.
and
which
more
oblig'd
the
Duke
(
a
thing
I
have
often
heard
him
speak
of
with
great
commendation
of
this
Gentlemans
proceeding
)
so
generously
,
that
he
would
not
so
much
as
accept
a
bond
for
his
Security
,
but
only
a
Memorandum
of
three
or
four
Lines
;
so
great
a
Confidence
he
had
in
the
Duke's
Integrity
:
Nor
was
he
deceiv'd
,
his
mony
being
punctually
repaid
at
the
appointed
day
.
Things
being
thus
order'd
,
The
Duke
departs
from
Angoul●sme
.
the
Duke
departed
from
Angoulesme
the
fifth
day
of
Iune
,
the
same
year
taking
his
way
through
Perigort
towards
Quercy
;
but
there
was
no
little
contest
betwixt
his
Honour
and
Affection
in
taking
leave
of
his
Dutchess
,
whom
her
Vertue
,
and
Fruitfulness
,
had
rendred
to
him
more
dear
than
ever
;
and
who
on
her
part
,
as
if
she
had
foreseen
this
parting
should
be
their
last
,
as
indeed
it
was
,
could
by
no
means
consent
to
this
separation
,
though
they
were
at
last
both
of
them
constrain'd
,
to
yield
to
the
necessity
,
his
Duty
and
Honour
impos'd
upon
him
.
There
accru'd
no
little
advantage
to
his
Majesties
Affairs
,
by
this
Armies
taking
the
way
of
Quercy
;
for
the
Marquis
de
Themines
,
since
Mareschal
of
France
▪
gave
the
Duke
notice
as
he
was
upon
his
March
,
that
the
Forces
the
League
had
in
Languedoc
,
under
the
command
of
the
Duke
de
Ioyeuse
,
had
besig'd
Villo●nur
,
which
though
a
little
Town
,
was
nevertheless
very
considerable
for
its
situation
upon
the
River
Tarn
,
and
for
its
vicinity
to
Tholouse
,
being
but
four
Leagues
distant
from
thence
.
R●nies
a
Gentleman
of
great
Valour
,
who
had
the
command
of
that
place
,
upon
the
first
Alarm
,
had
put
himself
,
with
about
fifteen
,
or
sixteen
Gentlemen
of
his
Friends
,
into
it
:
but
it
had
been
impossible
(
having
no
body
,
but
the
Inhabitants
to
assist
him
)
to
have
defended
it
long
without
relief
,
and
that
no
body
,
but
the
Duke
,
was
able
to
give
him
:
Which
Father
Ange
de
Ioyeuse
a
Capuchin
,
the
Duke's
Brother-in-law
,
and
then
at
Tholouse
,
fearing
he
would
do
,
and
having
intelligence
of
the
Duke's
motion
that
way
,
he
went
,
and
met
him
upon
his
March
,
where
he
not
only
endeavour'd
to
disswade
him
from
that
Design
;
but
also
by
all
manner
of
Arguments
to
draw
him
over
to
the
League
:
conjuring
him
by
all
the
ties
of
Friendship
,
and
by
the
most
instant
intreaties
he
could
use
,
neither
omitting
the
respect
due
to
Religion
,
nor
the
obligations
of
Friendship
,
and
Relation
,
to
divert
him
from
his
purpose
;
but
all
in
vain
:
for
the
Duke
setting
aside
all
those
interests
of
Friendship
,
The
Duke
relieves
Villemu●●
and
Alliance
when
they
came
in
competition
with
the
Duty
he
ought
to
his
Prince
,
was
deaf
to
all
Arguments
and
Entreaties
,
and
in
spite
of
them
,
and
him
,
advanc'd
directly
towards
the
place
:
But
upon
his
Arrival
,
the
Enemy
,
not
being
able
to
dispute
it
with
him
,
immediately
retir
▪
d
to
Tholoze
,
giving
the
Duke
,
by
that
means
,
free
liberty
to
fortifie
the
Town
;
which
he
did
so
well
,
as
soon
after
gave
the
King's
Party
opportunity
to
gain
in
that
place
a
very
signal
Victory
,
by
the
death
of
the
Duke
de
Ioyeuse
himself
,
and
the
absolute
defeat
of
his
Army
.
But
it
was
not
in
this
occasion
alone
that
the
Duke's
Armes
were
employ'd
in
that
Country
;
for
the
power
of
the
League
being
as
considerable
there
,
as
in
any
Province
of
the
Kingdom
,
their
Designs
were
not
●imited
to
the
reducing
of
Villemur
only
;
they
had
moreover
almost
block'd
up
Montauban
,
which
City
(
at
that
time
reputed
one
of
the
best
in
France
)
was
in
great
danger
,
if
not
speedily
reliev'd
,
to
be
lost
.
On
one
side
it
was
aw'd
by
Moissac
,
on
another
by
the
Castles
of
Monbeton
,
of
Mauzac
,
and
de
la
Court
,
besides
many
other
little
places
fortified
round
about
,
by
which
the
Garrison
,
and
Inhabitants
were
so
straightned
,
and
kept
in
,
that
they
were
reduc'd
to
great
extremity
,
and
scarcity
of
all
things
.
The
D●ke
relieves
Mantaubon
by
the
taking
in
several
Castles
from
the
League
.
This
,
the
Duke
being
advertis'd
of
,
and
being
also
solicited
by
the
Inhabitants
,
to
free
them
from
these
troublesome
Neighbours
,
he
presently
went
about
it
,
and
to
that
purpose
presented
himself
first
before
Moissac
,
which
surrendring
at
the
sight
of
the
Cannon
,
he
remov'd
from
thence
before
Mauzac
,
which
did
the
same
:
but
the
other
little
places
,
not
being
so
considerable
,
as
that
his
presence
was
necessary
to
reduce
them
,
he
left
that
part
of
the
work
to
the
Sieurs
de
St.
Megrin
,
and
de
Bonnouvrier
,
Mareschals
de
Camp
to
his
Army
;
himself
,
whilst
his
Forces
were
employ'd
about
those
petty
Enterprizes
,
making
a
step
into
Gascony
to
Visit
Madam
de
la
Valette
,
his
Mother
,
and
to
invite
his
Friends
in
that
Country
to
go
,
and
share
with
him
in
the
Honour
of
serving
his
Majesty
in
Provence
.
By
this
little
digression
into
Gascony
,
the
Duke
had
an
opportunity
yet
further
,
to
re-inforce
himself
with
some
particular
Servants
of
his
,
with
whom
,
having
rejoyn'd
his
Army
,
he
found
now
nothing
lest
to
do
,
that
might
impede
his
March
;
so
that
he
proceeded
without
longer
stay
,
on
his
Journey
to
Provence
,
where
being
arriv'd
,
and
appearing
with
so
gallant
,
and
so
numerous
an
Army
,
it
gave
no
small
reputation
to
his
Majesties
Affairs
;
nor
strook
no
small
astonishment
into
the
League
:
and
,
as
he
,
in
his
experience
very
well
knew
,
that
this
reputation
was
no
ways
to
be
kept
up
,
but
by
some
honourable
Exploit
,
he
undertook
divers
Sieges
at
his
first
Arrrival
(
notwithstanding
the
season
of
the
year
was
far
spent
,
it
being
now
October
)
whereof
that
of
Montauron
was
the
first
.
The
Siege
of
Montau●on
.
This
City
,
though
in
its
situation
and
strength
incapable
of
any
notable
defense
,
was
nevertheless
by
the
Commanders
,
(
who
had
eighteen
foot
Companies
there
,
which
the
Duke
of
Savoy
had
put
in
,
to
entertain
the
Duke
of
Espe●non
in
his
first
heat
)
thought
tenable
enough
,
and
that
the
number
of
their
men
,
which
were
nine
hundred
resolute
Souldiers
,
would
supply
the
defects
of
the
place
;
or
that
(
at
the
worst
)
the
Duke
of
Savoy
,
being
so
near
,
and
in
the
head
of
an
Army
,
they
might
defend
themselves
,
till
he
should
come
to
their
Relief
.
This
Garrison
the
Duke
of
Espernon
at
his
Arrival
presently
summon'd
to
a
surrender
,
at
the
same
time
representing
to
them
,
that
they
were
in
a
place
,
that
could
not
possibly
resist
the
Force
of
great
Shot
,
the
Houses
of
the
City
making
up
the
greatest
part
of
their
Wall
;
and
that
they
would
do
better
not
to
put
him
to
the
trouble
of
bringing
up
his
Artillery
,
than
by
doing
it
to
oblige
him
to
use
them
otherwise
,
than
like
Gentlemen
,
and
Souldiers
:
To
which
they
(
defying
him
,
and
despising
his
Admonitions
)
return'd
this
peremptory
answer
,
That
they
had
undertaken
to
defend
that
place
,
and
would
maintain
it
,
or
perish
,
and
make
it
good
with
their
lives
to
the
last
man
;
An
Answer
that
quickly
set
the
Duke
to
work
,
who
immediately
beleaguer'd
the
Town
;
where
the
Cannon
having
in
a
few
days
made
a
wider
breach
than
was
nece●sary
,
the
besieg'd
desir'd
they
might
Capitulate
.
To
whom
the
Duke
sent
word
,
There
was
now
no
Capitulation
to
be
granted
to
them
,
that
they
had
lost
that
priviledge
,
and
that
he
would
not
receive
them
upon
other
terms
,
than
upon
surrender
to
mercy
;
that
they
were
best
therefore
to
deliberate
,
whether
they
would
run
the
fortune
of
an
Assault
,
or
presently
submit
to
that
Condition
,
it
being
the
only
,
and
final
Favour
they
were
to
expect
.
Whilst
these
matters
were
in
agitation
,
the
Duke
of
Savoy
,
who
had
engag'd
these
men
in
this
desperate
place
,
and
knew
,
as
well
as
any
,
the
danger
they
were
in
,
was
advancing
with
three
thousand
Foot
,
and
five
hundred
Light
Horse
to
relieve
them
;
which
the
Duke
of
Espernon
was
no
sooner
enform'd
of
,
but
that
leaving
a
sufficient
Force
to
maintain
the
Siege
,
he
went
out
to
meet
him
,
and
bravely
offer'd
him
Battel
:
But
the
Savoyard
,
not
daring
to
run
so
great
a
hazard
,
retir'd
without
any
further
attempt
;
so
that
the
Besieg'd
,
being
out
of
all
hopes
of
Relief
,
were
forc'd
to
surrender
to
the
Duke's
discretion
,
where
their
Insolence
,
and
Rebellion
receiv'd
their
due
reward
,
and
that
in
as
high
a
degree
,
and
with
the
greatest
rigour
,
the
Law
of
Arms
does
permit
:
whereby
they
were
made
miserable
examples
of
the
greatest
cruelty
.
All
the
Captains
found
in
the
place
,
to
the
number
of
fourteen
,
The
Duke
of
Esp●rnon's
sever●ty
.
were
immediately
hang'd
up
,
and
five
hundred
common
Souldiers
sent
to
the
Gallies
at
Taulon
;
the
rest
either
escap'd
in
the
time
of
the
Capitulation
,
or
were
●lain
,
during
the
Siege
:
A
severity
that
ought
not
to
have
been
practis'd
,
upon
our
own
Nation
.
But
the
Duke
would
by
this
give
the
Duke
of
Savoy
to
understand
,
that
he
,
having
violated
the
publick
Faith
,
and
his
League
with
the
Kings
of
France
,
as
he
had
done
,
he
would
have
no
fair
Quarter
with
him
,
nor
use
him
otherwise
than
as
a
mortal
Enemy
to
the
Crown
,
and
Kingdom
.
After
this
Action
,
the
Duke
conceiving
himself
no
less
oblig'd
to
protect
his
Majesties
good
Subjects
,
than
to
suppress
his
Enemies
;
his
first
care
was
to
secure
the
Officers
of
the
Parliament
of
Provence
(
such
as
had
declar'd
for
the
King
from
the
beginning
,
and
had
retir'd
themselves
from
Aix
(
the
seat
of
Parliament
)
from
the
time
the
City
had
revolted
to
the
Duke
of
Savoy
)
in
some
place
of
safety
:
For
this
purpose
he
could
find
no
place
so
fit
for
strength
,
and
conveniency
as
Manosque
,
where
he
seated
them
in
great
security
,
and
honour
.
And
that
the
time
might
not
pass
away
without
some
shew
of
Action
,
whilst
the
season
would
not
give
him
leave
smartly
to
follow
the
War
;
he
in
this
dead
time
of
the
year
,
with
a
strong
party
of
Horse
scour'd
the
Country
all
over
the
whole
Province
.
Neither
was
this
an
unnecessary
,
or
an
unprofitable
diligence
,
by
which
he
confirm'd
those
Cities
,
already
declar'd
for
the
King
,
in
their
duty
;
and
also
frighted
those
inclining
to
a
Revolt
into
better
Resolutions
:
But
the
greatest
advantage
he
reap'd
by
it
was
,
that
by
this
means
,
he
inform'd
himself
,
upon
the
particular
places
themselves
,
of
the
general
estate
of
the
whole
Province
;
and
moreover
,
kept
his
men
in
action
,
like
a
Captain
that
very
well
understood
Order
and
Discipline
to
be
the
only
things
,
that
establish
,
and
support
an
Army
,
and
the
pest
of
great
Bodies
to
be
sloath
and
liberty
,
which
debauch
Souldiers
from
their
Duty
,
and
have
often
been
observ'd
to
dissolve
,
and
disperse
the
greatest
Armies
,
when
the
Souldier
has
been
suffer'd
to
enrich
himself
by
idleness
,
and
license
,
upon
the
plunder
of
his
Quarters
.
He
therefore
provided
for
the
subsistence
of
his
men
,
by
imposing
Contributions
upon
the
Province
,
which
nevertheless
was
not
done
without
the
advice
and
consent
of
the
Officers
of
Parliament
;
by
whose
Authority
,
as
well
as
his
own
,
he
order'd
a
certain
rate
of
all
things
in
the
Markets
,
and
that
at
so
indifferent
a
price
,
that
the
Commons
found
a
greater
convenience
in
the
Quartering
of
Souldiers
,
than
in
being
without
;
so
quick
a
return
they
had
for
their
Corn
,
and
other
Provisions
,
and
so
certain
was
their
pay
.
To
this
the
Assessments
,
design'd
to
defray
these
Provisions
,
were
so
equally
laid
upon
the
whole
Country
,
that
no
man
could
complain
he
was
opprest
:
nor
was
there
any
who
did
not
find
his
advantage
in
this
necessary
evil
.
In
fine
,
all
things
were
settled
so
much
to
the
general
conveniency
,
and
satisfaction
of
all
,
that
I
have
an
hundred
times
heard
the
Duke
wish
for
such
an
establishment
in
Guienne
:
but
the
contagion
was
there
already
spread
too
far
,
and
had
taken
too
deep
root
,
to
admit
so
happy
a
reformation
.
By
this
prudent
disposition
of
things
,
the
Souldier
found
himself
provided
of
his
share
of
all
things
necessary
where
ever
he
came
,
according
to
the
order
prescrib'd
:
Neither
was
he
to
exact
more
upon
pain
of
death
;
a
penalty
that
without
mercy
follow'd
the
offense
:
by
which
severe
Discipline
,
the
King's
Party
,
in
those
parts
,
were
in
a
short
time
observ'd
to
be
very
much
encreas'd
.
The
Duke
,
The
Siege
of
Arles
.
solicitous
to
maintain
this
Reputation
of
the
Royal
Arms
,
by
some
notable
enterprize
,
resolv'd
to
make
an
attempt
upon
the
City
of
Arles
;
neither
did
he
herein
make
an
ill
choice
,
it
being
one
of
the
most
considerable
places
of
Provence
,
seated
upon
the
Banks
of
Rosne
,
and
inhabited
by
above
three
hundred
Families
of
very
good
quality
,
who
here
made
their
ordinary
residence
;
besides
a
vast
number
of
Citizens
,
and
inferiour
people
.
This
City
,
like
all
others
which
are
situated
upon
Navigable
Rivers
,
and
daily
expect
to
be
supply'd
with
fresh
Provisions
,
kept
very
little
before-hand
in
store
;
which
the
Duke
being
well
enform'd
of
,
contented
himself
with
shutting
up
the
River
only
above
,
and
below
,
and
cutting
off
the
Succours
of
the
adjacent
Countrey
,
by
Quartering
several
Troops
on
both
sides
the
River
:
by
which
means
,
without
much
trouble
,
or
any
considerable
loss
in
a
month
,
or
five
weeks
time
,
this
strong
City
was
reduc'd
to
a
necessity
of
surrender
,
and
to
shake
hands
with
the
League
,
for
whom
they
had
hitherto
been
zealous
to
the
highest
degree
.
Arles
surrendred
.
They
came
therefore
to
a
Capitulation
,
in
which
the
Duke
was
content
to
accept
of
thirty
Hostages
for
their
future
good
behaviour
,
and
with
that
caution
to
ease
them
of
the
burthen
of
a
Garrison
;
which
in
truth
at
that
time
,
before
he
was
well
settled
in
his
Government
,
he
could
not
well
have
spar'd
,
nor
without
manifest
prejudice
to
his
Majesties
,
and
his
own
private
Affairs
.
Nevertheless
what
good
security
soever
the
Duke
thought
he
had
taken
to
bind
them
to
their
Duty
,
the
Inhabitants
made
no
scruple
afterwards
,
in
the
Revolt
of
the
Cities
of
Provence
,
by
their
Rebellion
to
expose
the
lives
of
so
many
men
of
Quality
,
who
had
generously
stak'd
their
persons
for
the
good
of
their
fellow
Citizens
,
to
the
Duke
's
just
indignation
;
though
he
by
a
clemency
much
more
extraordinary
,
than
the
severity
he
had
shew'd
at
Montauron
,
dismiss'd
the
Hostages
to
their
own
houses
,
without
so
much
as
putting
them
to
ransome
;
which
in
an
occasion
of
this
nature
is
no
usual
Favour
.
After
this
success
,
the
Duke
yet
undertook
the
Siege
of
Antibe
,
The
S●ege
of
A●tibe
.
a
place
wonderfully
well
fortifi'd
,
seated
upon
the
Sea
shore
,
and
favour'd
with
a
very
good
Port
;
which
the
Duke
of
Savoy
,
since
his
last
taking
of
it
,
to
assure
his
possession
,
had
so
fortified
,
and
mann'd
,
that
he
thought
it
impossible
to
be
taken
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon
notwithstanding
presented
himself
before
it
,
where
having
summon'd
the
Governour
to
a
surrender
,
and
his
Trumpet
being
sent
back
with
a
scornful
answer
,
he
proceeded
to
a
formal
Siege
,
advancing
by
T●enches
,
raising
of
Batteries
,
and
duly
observing
whatever
the
Method
,
and
Discipline
of
War
prescribe
in
the
most
difficult
attempts
.
The
Town
was
defended
for
a
while
,
but
the
Governour
in
the
end
retir'd
into
his
Fo●t
,
where
he
thought
he
should
be
in
a
condition
to
make
the
Duke
spend
his
time
,
and
consume
his
Army
unprofitably
,
and
to
no
purpose
.
This
place
had
besides
its
own
strength
,
A●bigné
.
and
advantageous
situation
,
this
further
convenience
,
that
every
night
,
by
the
Duke
of
Savoy's
order
,
a
Gally
set
out
from
Nice
,
that
brought
all
the
refr●shments
to
the
besieg'd
,
they
could
desire
,
carried
away
their
Sick
,
and
Wounded
,
brought
them
in
fresh
Souldiers
,
and
provided
all
things
necessary
for
them
;
which
so
continual
Succour
,
and
seasonable
Supplies
,
swell'd
the
Governour
with
an
opinion
,
that
the
Duke
could
never
force
him
:
Neither
was
the
Duke
displeas'd
at
his
confidence
,
hoping
that
this
security
of
his
would
at
one
time
or
another
contribute
to
the
success
of
his
Design
.
He
therefore
continued
his
approaches
,
and
try'd
all
ways
imaginable
to
effect
his
enterprize
;
when
at
last
his
Cannon
having
batterd
the
Curtain
in
a
place
not
much
frequented
,
he
perceiv'd
,
that
those
within
kept
no
guard
there
;
by
which
he
believ'd
they
had
not
observ'd
that
breach
,
and
immediately
resolv'd
to
make
his
advantage
of
that
negligence
.
To
this
purpose
therefore
he
sent
a
Serjeant
to
discover
the
breach
,
who
accordingly
having
gone
in
,
and
return'd
by
a
hole
big
enough
for
a
man
to
pass
at
his
●ase
,
he
made
his
report
to
the
Duke
,
that
there
was
so
little
order
in
the
place
,
that
no
one
so
much
as
thought
of
repairing
that
Breach
,
and
that
there
was
no
Guard
at
all
kept
there
.
Upon
this
intelligence
the
Duke
resolv'd
,
that
an
Assault
should
the
next
morning
be
made
,
on
that
side
the
Fortress
;
which
,
that
it
might
the
better
succeed
,
a
general
Assault
was
to
be
made
shew
of
,
that
the
Defendants
,
being
every
where
employ'd
,
whilst
they
were
deluded
by
false
Alarms
,
fi●ty
good
men
,
chosen
for
the
purpose
,
seconded
by
an
hundred
more
,
and
that
hundred
by
a
greater
number
,
might
creep
up
to
the
Curtain
,
and
slip
in
at
the
Breach
;
a
Design
that
took
effect
:
In
the
execution
of
which
,
the
Alarm
having
surpriz'd
the
Governour
in
Bed
,
and
he
running
out
in
his
Night-Gown
,
and
Slippers
▪
to
see
what
was
the
matter
,
Anti●e
taken
by
Assault
.
was
in
that
posture
taken
,
as
the
Fort
it self
was
by
Assault
.
And
here
,
though
by
the
Law
of
Arms
all
things
were
at
the
Conquerours
discretion
,
the
Duke
nevertheless
proceeding
in
that
moderate
way
he
had
taken
up
,
after
his
severity
at
Montauron
,
absolutely
forbad
all
unnecessary
slaughter
,
contenting
himself
with
detaining
the
Governour
,
and
some
of
his
Officers
,
prisoners
.
The
Duke
of
Savoy
,
who
had
made
this
place
his
chiefest
Arsenal
,
had
furnish'd
it
so
well
with
Artillery
,
that
the
Duke
there
found
thirty
brass
Pieces
,
of
which
fourteen
were
Royal
Culverines
,
or
Bastards
,
with
great
store
of
Ammunition
,
which
did
him
no
little
service
in
the
prosecution
of
that
War
,
against
the
Duke
of
Savoy
himself
.
The
Gally
from
Nice
fail'd
not
the
next
night
to
come
according
to
her
custom
;
and
,
if
it
had
been
thought
of
,
to
have
answer'd
her
Signal
by
the
usual
countersign
,
had
infallibly
been
taken
with
the
place
:
but
in
the
heat
of
the
Victory
,
no
body
having
remembred
it
,
she
retir'd
safe
to
Nice
,
those
who
were
in
her
,
by
the
omission
of
the
Signal
,
and
by
the
noise
and
confusion
they
heard
in
the
Town
,
concluding
the
Fort
,
and
all
,
to
be
certainly
taken
.
From
Antibe
the
Duke
went
to
Cannes
,
The
Surrender
of
Cannes
.
which
had
revolted
after
the
Death
of
Mounsieur
de
la
Valette
,
a
very
good
Port
Town
,
which
nevertheless
surrendred
at
the
first
Summons
:
So
that
hunting
,
and
every
where
unkennelling
the
Sav●yards
,
at
this
successful
rate
,
who
had
possess'd
themselves
of
most
of
the
best
Cities
of
Provence
,
he
gave
Mounsieur
de
l'
Esdiguieres
,
who
was
newly
entred
into
Savoy
,
and
who
was
deputed
for
that
Service
by
the
Treaty
,
made
a
little
before
betwixt
Mounsieur
de
la
Valette
,
and
the
foremention'd
Princes
of
Italy
,
great
opportunity
to
make
a
notable
progress
into
that
Dukedom
.
Neither
was
it
by
these
diversions
alone
that
he
favour'd
l'Esdiguiers
invasion
of
Savoy
,
but
by
a
more
important
assistance
:
for
when
the
Duke
of
Savoy
(
driven
out
of
Provence
on
the
one
side
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
and
call'd
home
on
the
other
to
the
defense
of
his
own
Dukedom
,
by
the
dangerous
progress
l'
Esdiguieres
had
there
already
made
)
return'd
upon
him
with
all
the
Forces
he
had
;
doubtless
Mounsieur
l'
Esdiguieres
had
been
in
apparent
danger
of
some
notable
Defeat
,
if
at
his
request
,
and
in
so
urgent
a
necessity
,
Mounsieur
de
Tho●
.
the
Duke
of
Espernon
had
not
assisted
him
with
twelve
hundred
Foot
,
and
three
hundred
Horse
;
w●ich
he
sent
him
under
the
command
of
the
Chavalier
de
Buous
,
and
to
make
the
obligation
the
greater
,
had
not
also
procur'd
him
from
the
Constable
(
with
whom
the
Duke
had
a
very
great
interest
)
almost
as
many
more
Forces
,
by
which
he
was
not
only
rescu'd
from
the
present
danger
,
but
likewise
put
into
a
capacity
of
attempting
greater
things
than
he
had
yet
done
.
A
courtesie
very
ill
requited
,
as
we
shall
see
in
the
following
Revolutions
of
Provence
;
the
Duke
having
afterwards
no
such
enemy
as
he
,
whom
he
had
so
seasonably
assisted
,
in
a
time
of
the
greatest
nece●sity
and
danger
.
The
success
that
hitherto
had
attended
the
Duke
,
Anno
1593.
gave
so
great
a
reputation
to
the
Royal
Arms
,
and
had
so
discountenanc'd
the
Enemy
,
that
there
scarce
remain'd
a
place
in
the
whole
Province
,
tha●
durst
shut
their
Gates
against
him
:
So
that
after
the
Duke
of
Savoy
was
retir'd
(
as
you
have
heard
)
into
his
own
Country
,
the
Duke
had
leisure
,
The
Duke
reduces
several
revolted
Towns
.
and
without
much
difficulty
,
to
recover
Frejus
,
Cicutat
,
Cisteron
,
St.
Tropes
,
with
many
other
important
places
that
had
revolted
after
the
death
of
Mounsieur
de
la
Val●tte
,
and
to
make
himself
Master
of
all
Provence
;
Aix
,
and
Marselles
,
only
excepted
.
These
two
were
the
Capital
Cities
of
the
Province
,
the
first
considerable
for
its
circuit
,
and
the
seat
of
Parliament
establish'd
there
;
and
the
other
,
for
its
greatness
also
,
and
for
the
number
of
Inhabitants
;
but
principally
for
the
Port
,
reputed
one
of
the
best
upon
the
Mediterranean
Sea
.
These
two
Cities
so
far
forgot
themselves
,
their
Duty
,
and
Allegiance
,
that
after
the
death
of
Henry
the
III.
(
animated
by
an
indiscreet
zeal
to
Religion
,
which
was
ever
the
Leaguers
Pretense
,
to
abuse
the
simplicity
of
the
people
)
they
rather
chose
to
create
an
Usurper
in
the
person
of
the
Duke
of
Savoy
,
and
to
submit
themselves
to
his
invasive
Government
,
than
to
acknowledge
,
and
obey
their
own
lawful
,
and
natural
Prin●e
.
At
the
instigation
therefore
of
the
Countess
de
Saut
,
of
the
Count
de
Carces
,
and
some
others
of
Quality
in
the
Country
,
who
were
fierce
for
the
League
,
they
sent
a
Deputation
to
this
Duke
,
as
far
as
Turin
;
where
,
by
the
mouths
of
two
Commissioners
of
Parliament
,
and
many
other
Officers
,
and
in
the
name
of
the
people
,
they
made
him
a
voluntary
tender
of
the
Principality
of
the
County
of
Provence
.
Whereupon
the
Duke
,
in
acknowledgment
of
so
free
,
and
unexpected
an
offer
,
had
not
only
receiv'd
them
into
,
and
promis'd
them
his
own
protection
;
but
likewise
that
of
the
King
of
Spain
his
Father-in-law
,
coming
himself
in
person
to
take
possession
of
his
new
Province
,
where
he
had
,
almost
in
all
places
,
been
receiv'd
with
all
the
honour
and
applause
he
could
possibly
expect
,
or
desire
.
An
act
becoming
a
giddy
and
rebellious
people
;
who
coming
afterwards
to
recollect
themselves
,
to
consider
what
they
had
done
,
and
how
great
a
fault
they
had
committed
against
their
Faith
and
Duty
,
were
yet
resolv'd
to
persist
in
their
Rebellion
,
and
by
taking
measure
of
their
own
offense
,
apprehending
no
possibility
of
pardon
,
determin'd
to
rely
upon
their
own
strength
;
and
creating
courage
out
of
despair
,
were
resolute
to
suffer
the
utmost
extremities
,
rather
than
to
recede
from
what
they
had
so
infamously
,
and
immaturely
done
.
All
which
,
although
it
was
very
well
known
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
and
likewise
what
resistance
was
to
be
expected
,
from
men
made
desperate
by
their
own
Crimes
:
yet
had
he
the
courage
to
make
an
attempt
upon
these
two
great
Cities
,
The
D●ke
makes
an
attempt
first
upon
Aix
,
a●d
after
upon
Marse●●es
.
if
possible
,
to
reduce
them
to
their
obedience
,
which
,
had
Fortune
contributed
any
thing
to
the
greatness
,
and
bravery
of
the
Design
,
had
certainly
taken
a
happy
effect
.
The
Duke
having
,
upon
mature
deliberation
,
resolv'd
upon
these
two
Enterprizes
,
would
begin
with
that
of
Aix
,
as
appearing
the
easier
to
be
accomplish'd
,
Aix
wanting
those
Succours
by
Sea
,
which
Marselles
,
upon
occasion
,
was
certain
to
have
:
But
his
Forces
,
being
too
few
to
form
a
regular
Siege
,
against
so
great
a
City
,
Forts
built
against
Aix
.
he
was
fain
to
supply
that
defect
by
erecting
many
Forts
against
it
;
which
,
shutting
up
the
Avenues
,
were
,
notwithstanding
his
want
of
men
,
sufficient
to
block
up
the
City
.
Betwixt
these
Forts
,
in
a
place
of
advantage
,
he
caus'd
a
Grand
to
be
erected
,
that
is
to
say
,
a
greater
Fort
,
after
the
form
of
a
new
City
,
opposite
to
,
and
within
a
Musquet-shot
of
the
old
;
where
the
greatest
part
of
his
Infantry
were
bestow'd
with
great
convenience
,
and
from
whence
the
Duke
could
so
perfectly
discover
,
whatever
could
be
practis'd
against
him
by
the
Enemy
,
that
it
was
impossible
so
to
surprize
him
,
but
that
he
would
be
ever
ready
to
relieve
any
of
his
Quarters
with
great
facility
,
should
any
thing
be
attempted
against
them
.
The
Cavalry
,
that
could
by
no
means
subsist
in
the
same
place
,
were
dispos'd
into
several
Garrisons
,
some
nearer
,
some
further
off
,
according
as
there
was
convenience
of
Quarters
,
of
which
those
under
the
command
of
Chastelliers
,
du
Passage
,
de
Buous
,
and
de
Ramefort
were
the
nearest
,
where
they
wanted
no
opportunities
of
signalizing
their
Vigilancy
,
and
Valour
:
An
order
so
admirably
establish'd
,
as
in
time
reduc'd
the
City
of
Aix
,
to
such
extremities
,
that
they
must
certainly
have
fall'n
into
the
Duke's
hands
,
had
not
the
Inhabitants
declar'd
a
resolution
of
submitting
themselves
to
none
,
but
the
King
;
where
notwithstanding
the
Duke
was
the
only
Author
of
their
submission
,
as
he
was
of
all
other
advantages
the
King
obtain'd
in
Provence
,
though
still
the
artifice
of
his
Enemies
so
skreen'd
his
merits
from
his
Majesties
observation
,
that
he
receiv'd
very
little
thanks
for
his
labour
.
The
Duke
began
to
build
his
Fort
in
Iune
1593.
The
Count
de
Carces
near
ally'd
to
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
(
being
Son
by
a
former
Husband
to
the
Dutchess
his
Wi●e
)
commanded
in
the
City
,
where
the
Inhabitants
under
his
command
,
back'd
by
some
Foot
Companies
belonging
to
the
Duke
of
Savoy
,
which
yet
remain'd
in
that
Country
,
were
so
brisk
,
as
,
at
the
Duke's
first
sitting
down
,
by
frequent
Sallies
to
disturb
his
Building
;
The
En●my
endeavours
by
frequent
sallies
to
hinder
the
Duke's
Works
.
but
were
ever
beaten
back
with
so
great
loss
,
that
they
were
at
last
content
to
sit
still
,
and
suffer
what
they
found
they
were
not
able
to
oppose
.
And
here
I
find
my self
upon
a
Scene
of
Honour
,
where
the
best
Pen
might
be
worthily
employ'd
:
where
notwithstanding
,
should
I
make
particular
mention
of
all
the
Skirmishes
,
Combats
,
and
brave
actions
that
hapned
upon
this
occasion
,
I
should
fall
into
the
error
,
which
of
all
others
I
most
pretend
to
shun
,
and
trouble
my
Reader
with
a
long
,
and
perhaps
a
tedious
Narrative
;
though
some
of
them
are
of
so
shining
a
Reputation
,
as
can
,
by
no
means
,
be
pass'd
over
in
silence
.
Whilst
the
Duke
therefore
was
very
busie
about
raising
his
Fort
,
the
Count
de
Carces
,
who
would
try
all
possible
ways
to
hinder
that
work
,
sallied
out
of
the
Town
at
broad
noon-day
with
400
Gentlemen
,
of
which
number
was
the
Count
de
Suze
,
Bezaudun
,
Camp-Mareschal
,
S.
Marcelin
,
and
Reglanette
,
with
many
more
Gentlemen
of
Quality
,
who
followed
by
2000
men
,
what
of
the
Inhabitants
,
and
what
of
the
Companies
in
Garrison
,
went
with
a
design
to
overthrow
the
Works
already
begun
,
and
if
possible
to
compel
the
Duke
to
retire
.
A
Design
,
that
as
it
was
brave
in
it self
,
so
was
the
time
wherein
it
should
be
executed
as
prudently
chosen
;
A
great
sally
made
by
the
besieged
for
at
so
unexpected
an
hour
most
part
of
the
Duke's
Souldiers
were
either
sleeping
in
their
Huts
,
or
gone
abroad
to
Forrage
so
that
the
Duke
had
very
few
about
him
:
Neither
,
if
the
Infantry
were
in
such
disorder
,
were
the
Horse
in
a
greater
readiness
,
which
constrain'd
the
Duke
,
who
had
mounted
at
the
first
noise
of
the
Alarm
,
being
able
to
get
but
very
few
together
,
with
those
few
to
expose
himself
to
withstand
the
first
fury
of
the
Enemy
.
Chastelier
(
whom
we
have
already
begun
to
call
the
Baron
d'
Ars
)
hearing
in
his
Quarters
a
noise
,
and
uproar
,
such
as
is
usually
occasion'd
by
tumultuous
Sallies
,
with
the
Sieur
de
Buous
,
were
the
first
,
who
with
their
Troops
came
in
to
the
Duke's
succour
,
whom
,
as
soon
as
come
,
he
commanded
to
charge
the
Enemy
;
whilst
himself
,
who
had
soon
rallied
all
who
were
in
a
condition
to
fight
,
following
them
close
at
the
heels
,
fell
so
furiously
into
the
Body
of
the
Assailants
as
made
all
give
way
before
him
.
The
Count
de
Carces
,
seeing
his
men
so
roughly
handled
,
endeavour'd
to
recover
an
Hospital
in
the
mid-way
,
betwixt
the
Fort
,
and
the
City
,
with
an
intent
there
to
rally
his
men
,
and
to
make
good
the
place
:
but
the
Duke
falling
in
pell-mell
amongst
them
,
forc'd
him
to
continue
his
flight
to
the
very
Graffe
of
the
City
,
where
many
of
his
men
were
slain
;
by
which
ill
success
the
Enemy
having
lost
above
400
men
,
they
were
for
the
future
better
advis'd
,
than
to
make
any
more
such
sallies
,
and
suffer'd
the
Duke
,
in
great
security
,
to
continue
his
work
under
their
noses
.
Whilst
every
one
thought
the
Duke
wholly
intent
upon
this
Design
of
Aix
,
and
that
mens
minds
were
suspended
in
expectation
of
the
event
of
that
enterprize
,
he
conceiv'd
there
was
an
advantage
to
be
made
of
this
general
belief
,
that
seem'd
to
falicitate
an
attempt
upon
Marselles
it self
;
which
,
as
it
was
very
improbable
by
open
force
to
take
any
good
effect
,
so
was
it
to
be
carried
on
with
great
prudence
,
and
secresie
,
to
make
it
succeed
:
He
therefore
gave
private
Instructions
to
all
such
Commanders
as
he
intended
to
make
use
of
in
this
Enterprize
,
to
make
ready
3000
chosen
Foot
,
and
400
Light
Horse
,
An
attempt
upon
Marselles
.
as
also
to
prepare
three
Petards
,
with
which
in
the
beginning
of
a
very
dark
night
,
he
silently
rose
from
his
Quarters
,
marching
his
men
the
direct
Road
to
Marselles
.
He
had
not
as
yet
discover'd
his
Design
to
any
,
when
being
advanc'd
about
half
a
League
on
his
way
,
and
thinking
it
now
high
time
to
put
his
Friends
out
of
suspense
,
who
knew
nothing
whither
they
were
to
go
,
he
call'd
all
the
Chief
Officers
of
his
Party
about
him
,
and
in
a
short
Harangue
,
told
them
,
That
if
he
had
not
sooner
discover'd
his
Design
unto
them
,
it
was
not
for
any
diffidence
he
had
of
their
fidelity
,
which
was
already
sufficiently
known
unto
him
;
that
after
the
many
testimonies
they
had
,
upon
all
occasions
,
given
him
,
of
their
Worth
,
and
Valour
,
he
had
more
reason
to
seek
opportunities
wherein
he
might
manifest
his
gratitude
,
than
to
expect
any
further
proof
from
them
:
but
that
as
secresie
was
the
great
promoter
of
all
Enterprizes
of
the
nature
of
this
,
wherein
he
now
intended
to
employ
them
,
he
would
not
,
should
any
disaster
happen
,
that
the
least
colour
of
blame
should
reflect
upon
any
of
them
;
but
much
rather
be
wholly
imputed
to
Fortune
:
but
nevertheless
all
things
being
so
well
order'd
,
as
he
conceiv'd
they
were
,
there
was
no
doubt
to
be
made
of
a
successful
issue
:
That
he
therefore
conjur'd
them
resolutely
to
undertake
an
action
of
the
greatest
advantage
to
the
King
,
to
his
Majesties
Affairs
,
and
to
their
own
particular
benefit
,
and
honour
,
that
could
possibly
be
propos'd
:
That
every
one
there
knew
Marselles
to
be
one
of
the
most
important
Cities
,
whether
consider'd
in
the
commodity
of
its
Haven
,
or
in
its
vicinity
to
Foreign
Countries
,
in
the
whole
Kingdom
:
That
this
City
reduc'd
by
the
King
of
Spain's
promises
,
and
the
Duke
of
Savoy's
together
,
had
already
put
her self
into
their
protection
;
and
persisting
in
her
obstinacy
,
was
ready
to
open
her
Gates
to
Strangers
,
to
receive
their
Garrisons
,
and
to
give
away
her
liberty
to
them
,
after
having
violated
her
Faith
,
and
Duty
to
her
lawful
Sovereign
:
That
should
strangers
once
get
entire
possession
of
that
City
,
it
would
be
lost
for
ever
,
and
that
there
would
be
no
hopes
ever
to
drive
them
from
so
advantageous
a
post
,
what
attempts
soever
could
be
made
,
against
a
place
so
strong
,
and
so
easie
to
be
reliev'd
:
That
next
to
the
publick
concern
he
consider'd
the
reducing
of
this
City
as
a
certain
and
firm
establishment
of
his
own
interest
in
Provence
;
and
that
they
themselves
ought
to
look
upon
it
as
a
pledge
,
whereby
that
fair
,
and
rich
Province
would
be
assur'd
unto
them
,
and
that
would
give
them
an
entire
authority
over
the
people
,
who
after
so
brave
an
exploit
,
would
no
more
be
able
to
vie
Merit
,
or
Valour
with
them
,
as
they
had
formerly
done
:
That
such
as
had
undertaken
Enterprizes
of
this
nature
were
wont
to
animate
their
companions
with
hopes
of
Booty
;
but
that
for
his
part
he
should
take
a
contrary
way
:
That
it
was
not
his
intent
to
ruine
Provence
,
nor
the
City
of
Marselles
,
but
to
preserve
both
the
one
,
and
the
other
for
the
King
,
to
establish
himself
there
in
order
to
his
Majesties
Service
,
and
to
procure
for
them
other
advantages
,
and
by
other
means
suiting
to
their
great
merit
,
and
the
service
they
had
perform'd
:
That
this
City
once
taken
there
could
be
no
more
fear
of
wanting
provisions
for
the
Army
,
the
conveniency
of
the
Port
bringing
in
all
things
necessary
in
great
abundance
,
that
the
evil-affectedness
of
the
people
would
for
the
future
be
able
to
produce
nothing
to
their
prejudice
,
they
having
in
their
own
hands
either
the
Keyes
of
the
Province
to
let
in
all
necessary
Succours
,
or
otherwise
the
Chains
that
would
tye
them
fast
to
their
duty
:
That
above
all
things
therefore
he
most
earnestly
desir'd
them
to
restrain
the
insolence
of
the
Souldier
,
whom
notwithstanding
he
did
not
thereby
intend
to
hinder
of
the
benefit
they
might
justly
make
of
the
Inhabitants
Estates
,
which
were
already
forfeited
to
them
by
by
their
Rebellion
,
and
of
which
they
should
soon
be
possess'd
by
the
Victory
:
but
that
he
desir'd
they
might
be
fairly
divided
amongst
them
,
that
they
might
the
longer
enjoy
what
they
got
,
and
not
lose
,
and
destroy
the
spoil
,
as
it
otfen
falls
out
in
the
sack
,
and
plunder
of
great
Cities
:
That
he
would
not
upon
this
occasion
suggest
unto
them
the
remembrance
of
their
accustomed
Valour
,
that
he
knew
by
good
experience
such
exhortations
were
altogether
unnecessary
to
them
in
bold
,
and
dangerous
attempts
;
and
that
he
only
conjur'd
them
to
follow
his
example
now
,
as
hitherto
they
had
follow'd
his
Person
,
and
Fortune
.
The
Duke
,
having
thus
prepar'd
his
Friends
for
the
Enterprize
,
continued
on
his
way
;
when
,
being
come
within
sight
of
the
place
,
he
himself
,
with
those
that
had
charge
of
the
Petards
,
advanc'd
up
to
the
Gate
:
Of
these
the
first
Petard
play'd
to
as
good
effect
,
as
was
to
be
expected
,
having
made
a
hole
in
the
Gate
wide
enough
for
a
man
easily
to
get
through
;
which
,
though
made
wider
by
the
second
,
yet
did
not
the
Gate
fall
down
,
being
supported
by
a
great
iron
Bar
behind
:
The
Duke
therefore
call'd
for
the
third
Petard
,
but
in
vain
;
no
Petard
being
to
be
heard
of
,
no
more
than
the
man
to
whose
trust
it
was
committed
;
which
made
them
try
to
break
the
Bar
with
Axes
,
that
they
might
have
the
passage
more
free
to
relieve
some
of
their
men
,
who
were
already
got
in
by
the
hole
of
the
Gate
:
But
the
Inhabitants
,
rouz'd
at
the
first
noise
of
the
Petards
,
running
to
their
Arms
,
made
a
stout
opposition
;
where
,
having
but
few
to
deal
withal
,
the
Assailants
were
with
great
ease
beaten
back
,
and
the
Gate
as
suddenly
Barricado'd
up
.
It
is
not
to
be
imagin'd
how
infinitely
the
Duke
was
afflicted
at
this
ill
success
,
and
the
more
,
because
he
thought
he
had
made
himself
,
as
it
were
,
Master
of
the
event
by
the
prudent
conduct
of
his
Design
;
though
he
has
since
thought
himself
happy
in
failing
of
his
purpose
(
so
much
should
men
susspect
their
own
desires
in
the
choice
of
things
that
concern
the
conduct
of
their
lives
)
it
being
to
be
fear'd
,
that
had
the
Duke
been
establish'd
in
the
power
t●e
winning
of
this
City
would
have
seated
him
in
,
and
receiv'd
those
affronts
,
and
that
ill
usage
from
Court
,
he
afterwards
did
in
the
revolutions
of
Provence
,
the
sense
of
those
injuries
might
have
prompted
him
to
do
things
no
ways
suiting
with
his
Duty
,
as
we
shall
see
he
was
soon
after
tempted
to
do
.
I
do
much
wonder
that
none
of
our
Historians
have
so
much
as
mention'd
this
Enterprize
,
who
have
some
of
them
been
very
particular
about
many
others
of
the
Duke
's
of
much
less
importance
;
whose
omission
of
this
has
engag'd
me
to
insist
longer
upon
it
,
than
otherwise
I
should
have
done
;
that
so
brave
an
Action
might
not
be
buried
in
oblivion
:
of
which
the
bare
Project
could
not
have
been
meditated
by
a
mean
courage
,
nor
the
Design
carried
on
so
far
by
an
ordinary
prudence
.
The
Duke
,
The
D●ke
returns
to
Aix
.
being
retir'd
to
his
Fort
very
much
discontented
at
his
evil
success
,
would
revenge
himself
of
that
disgrace
by
new
,
and
brisker
attempts
upon
the
City
of
Aix
:
Wherefore
having
intelligence
that
the
Inhabitants
already
began
to
feel
themselves
straightned
for
want
of
Victuals
,
he
,
to
take
from
them
all
future
hopes
of
supply
,
immediately
fell
to
destroying
all
the
Fruits
,
and
Corn
of
the
Country
round
about
;
and
,
not
content
to
do
them
this
mischief
without
,
plai'd
so
many
Cannon-shot
into
the
Town
,
that
not
a
man
durst
appear
in
the
streets
,
or
abide
in
the
upper
rooms
of
their
houses
:
But
the
besieg'd
,
ingenious
in
their
Revenge
,
contriv'd
a
way
to
pay
him
back
some
of
his
Balls
by
a
Counter-battery
from
the
great
Tower
of
the
Church
of
Nostredame
;
a
Pile
of
great
note
,
and
fame
,
as
well
for
its
exceeding
height
,
as
for
the
excellency
of
its
Architecture
,
and
Beauty
.
To
the
top
therefore
of
this
Tower
,
they
made
shift
to
crane
up
two
Culverines
,
and
had
a
Cannoneer
so
expert
,
as
not
only
levell'd
them
right
against
the
Fort
,
but
even
against
the
Duke's
own
Tent
within
it
,
where
he
made
the
strangest
shot
,
that
perhaps
ever
flew
from
such
an
Engine
.
This
Cannoneer
,
under
the
protection
of
some
little
Truce
(
of
which
there
happen
many
in
such
Sieges
,
either
for
the
carrying
off
their
Dead
,
or
some
other
occasion
)
had
,
unknown
,
crept
into
the
Fort
,
and
had
there
diligently
observ'd
every
part
of
the
Duke's
Quarter
:
He
had
also
discover'd
that
the
Duke
every
afternoon
us'd
to
play
at
Cards
in
the
Parlour
of
his
Tent
,
and
had
observ'd
so
much
as
the
place
where
his
Chair
was
constantly
set
.
Having
thus
inform'd
himself
of
all
these
circumstances
,
he
return'd
to
the
City
,
where
,
after
he
had
levell'd
his
two
Guns
to
his
own
desire
,
he
was
so
confident
of
his
skill
,
as
to
offer
odds
,
that
in
one
of
two
shots
he
was
about
to
make
,
he
would
either
kill
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
or
very
much
endanger
his
life
;
when
immediately
giving
fire
,
he
prov'd
in
part
as
good
as
his
word
,
the
shot
lighting
directly
into
the
place
,
to
which
it
had
been
by
his
eye
before
directed
.
The
Duke
was
at
this
time
playing
at
Primero
,
The
Duke
's
miraculous
escape
.
and
set
betwixt
two
Gentlemen
,
one
called
le
Po●y
;
the
others
name
I
could
not
learn
,
who
were
both
of
them
beaten
to
pieces
,
one
over
,
and
the
other
under
the
Duke
;
who
by
an
incredible
vigilancy
of
Fortune
,
being
at
that
instant
bow'd
down
upon
the
Table
,
to
draw
the
money
he
had
newly
won
upon
a
rest
,
escap'd
that
fatal
blow
;
yet
though
he
escap'd
death
,
it
was
not
without
two
great
wounds
,
one
by
a
piece
of
one
of
the
poor
Gentlemen's
Bones
,
that
pierc'd
deep
into
his
Belly
;
and
the
other
,
by
another
piece
of
a
Bone
,
in
his
hip
;
of
both
which
he
carried
the
marks
along
with
him
to
his
Grave
.
Those
of
the
Town
who
were
soon
aware
of
the
lucky
hit
their
Cannoneer
had
made
,
believing
the
effect
of
it
to
be
greater
,
than
indeed
it
was
,
would
not
let
slip
an
opportunity
,
wherein
they
conceiv'd
something
might
be
executed
to
their
own
advantage
:
wherefore
they
immediately
sent
out
St.
Romans
,
one
of
their
Mareschals
de
Camp
,
with
an
hundred
and
fifty
Light
Horse
at
one
Gate
,
The
Inhabitants
of
Aix
,
imagining
the
Duke
slain
,
make
another
sally
.
and
Bezaudun
with
the
like
number
at
another
,
to
try
,
if
in
the
confusion
they
heard
in
the
Fort
something
might
not
be
attempted
with
success
,
who
,
had
they
found
a
fit
advantage
,
were
to
have
been
seconded
by
the
entire
Forces
of
the
City
;
but
the
Duke
,
notwithstanding
the
pain
of
his
Wounds
,
omitting
nothing
of
his
usual
care
,
was
no
sooner
taken
up
from
the
ground
,
where
the
sho●
had
beaten
him
down
,
than
he
commanded
every
one
to
stand
to
his
Arms
;
by
which
means
the
Enemy
,
whose
design
it
was
to
have
come
upon
the
Surprize
,
seeing
the
Duke's
Forces
ready
to
receive
them
,
retir'd
without
fighting
,
being
soon
undeceiv'd
in
their
false
hopes
,
both
of
the
Duke's
death
,
and
of
the
Defeat
of
his
Army
.
The
Duke's
Wounds
,
which
every
one
at
first
judg'd
to
be
mortal
,
made
his
Chirurgeons
resolve
upon
removing
him
out
of
the
noise
,
and
tumult
of
the
Fort
,
into
a
Farm
hard
by
;
a
place
which
to
them
seem'd
to
be
very
secure
from
any
practice
of
the
Enemy
:
But
this
opinion
,
instead
of
giving
him
that
quiet
,
and
repose
they
kindly
intended
,
had
once
more
like
to
have
cost
him
his
life
;
The
Duke
in
a
new
danger
.
for
the
besieg'd
,
who
watch'd
all
opportunities
of
making
continual
attempts
upon
the
Duke's
person
,
having
observ'd
that
the
place
to
which
he
was
retir'd
,
although
covered
by
the
Fort
,
was
nevertheless
at
a
good
distance
from
his
Camp
,
and
only
guarded
by
a
small
party
of
Horse
,
resolv'd
to
try
,
either
to
take
him
alive
,
or
at
least
to
kill
him
in
his
Quarters
.
To
this
purpose
therefore
,
sallying
out
of
the
Town
with
400
of
their
best
Horse
,
they
furiously
set
upon
the
Duke's
Horse-Guard
;
who
were
all
presently
cut
to
pieces
,
and
Camseque
who
commanded
them
laid
dead
upon
the
place
.
D'
Ars
,
whose
duty
it
was
to
relieve
them
coming
fortunately
in
upon
their
Defeat
,
renew'd
the
Fight
,
where
he
so
bravely
withstood
the
Enemies
fury
,
that
after
his
Brother
Ceré
,
had
been
wounded
and
maim'd
with
infinite
Blows
,
and
himself
beaten
from
his
Horse
,
and
remounted
by
one
of
his
Compagnions
,
he
gave
du
Passage
,
one
of
the
Duke
's
Mareschals
de
Camp
,
time
to
come
in
to
his
succour
;
by
whose
assistance
the
Enemy
was
at
last
forc'd
to
retire
,
leaving
many
of
their
men
dead
upon
the
place
,
as
the
Baron
d'
Ars
in
this
conflict
lost
the
most
part
of
his
Troop
.
This
Cannon-shot
which
at
the
little
distance
of
200
paces
had
only
wounded
the
Duke
,
was
not
so
favourable
to
the
Dutchess
his
Wife
,
whom
it
kill'd
out-right
at
the
distance
of
200
Leagues
.
This
Lady
had
been
brought
to
bed
(
as
has
been
said
before
)
this
same
year
1593
of
Lewis
,
since
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
)
whom
the
grief
for
her
Husbands
absence
(
which
was
nothing
diminished
by
the
course
of
time
)
had
still
so
far
kept
back
from
the
recovery
of
her
former
strength
,
after
her
lying
in
;
that
what
was
only
a
little
indisposition
at
first
,
being
much
encreas'd
by
her
melancholy
,
grew
to
such
a
distemper
,
as
made
her
Friends
at
last
begin
to
apprehend
a
mortal
consequence
from
her
disconsolate
life
.
To
divert
this
ill
humour
therefore
,
they
often
perswaded
her
to
go
abroad
,
sometimes
to
Church
,
sometimes
on
Visits
;
when
being
gone
out
one
day
to
hear
Mass
,
at
her
return
she
espied
one
of
the
Duke's
Foot-men
,
who
,
unknown
to
him
,
had
been
,
by
some
of
his
Officers
dispatch'd
away
to
Angoulesme
,
on
purpose
to
prevent
any
false
rumors
,
that
might
there
be
spread
concerning
the
Duke's
accident
,
and
so
discreetly
to
acquaint
the
Dutchess
with
what
had
hapned
,
that
she
might
not
unseasonably
be
surpriz'd
with
the
news
of
his
mischance
;
an
honest
,
and
a
prudent
care
in
them
,
though
her
destiny
rendred
all
these
precautions
fruitless
,
and
vain
:
for
she
had
no
sooner
cast
her
eye
on
the
fellow
,
who
,
being
but
newly
arriv'd
,
had
as
yet
spoke
to
none
,
but
that
she
call'd
him
to
her
,
suddenly
demanding
of
him
her
Letters
from
the
Duke
:
to
whom
,
the
poor
Lacquy
surpriz'd
,
and
da●nted
at
her
demand
,
innocently
related
that
the
Duke
was
wounded
,
and
by
a
Cannon-shot
:
But
,
as
if
that
word
had
been
the
shot
it self
,
the
Dutchess
sunk
down
in
a
swoon
,
as
one
,
that
,
apprehending
a
Cannon
shot
could
be
no
less
than
mortal
,
would
not
survive
him
she
concluded
to
be
dead
,
and
who
was
far
dearer
to
her
,
than
her
own
life
.
In
which
condition
she
was
presently
taken
up
by
her
people
,
and
carried
home
;
where
all
possible
means
was
us'd
to
bring
her
to
her self
,
as
at
last
she
was
;
though
it
was
only
to
make
her
more
sensible
of
death
,
which
followed
the
ninth
day
after
she
had
heard
the
unhappy
news
.
Before
her
Death
she
made
a
Will
,
The
Death
of
the
Dutchess
of
Espernon
.
wherein
she
bequeath'd
whatever
was
in
her
gift
to
the
Duke
her
Husband
;
to
whom
,
recommending
her
Children
,
as
the
common
pledges
of
their
mutual
affection
,
she
conjur'd
him
,
for
their
sakes
,
never
to
marry
again
.
Thus
died
this
young
,
and
excellent
Lady
,
in
the
six
and
twentieth
Year
of
her
Age
,
after
having
manifested
an
indifferency
for
life
,
becoming
her
masculine
Courage
,
and
Resignation
unto
Death
,
worthy
her
great
Piety
,
and
Vertue
.
The
Sieur
du-Masses
,
Lieutenant
for
the
King
under
the
Duke
in
that
Government
,
dispatch'd
a
Courier
to
the
Duke
,
to
acquaint
him
with
his
loss
,
as
also
with
the
Dutchess
her
dying
request
unto
him
;
who
,
after
having
given
publick
testimonies
of
his
affliction
,
than
which
nothing
could
be
greater
,
he
vow'd
to
observe
what
she
expected
from
his
fidelity
to
the
last
hour
of
his
Life
:
A
promise
that
he
as
faithfully
observ'd
,
though
in
the
space
of
fifty
years
,
that
he
surviv'd
this
excellent
Lady
,
he
was
offer'd
many
and
great
advantageous
matches
,
which
he
still
refus'd
;
ever
professing
that
the
respect
he
bore
to
his
dead
Ladies
last
request
,
did
,
and
should
with-hold
him
from
embracing
a
new
Wife
,
and
f●om
embarquing
in
a
new
Fortune
.
Fortune
had
hitherto
so
favour'd
the
Duke
in
almost
all
his
Enterprizes
,
Anno
1594.
that
his
Affairs
had
been
carried
on
with
great
prosperity
and
success
,
and
the
Provisions
he
had
drawn
from
the
Province
,
or
bought
with
his
own
mony
,
had
kept
his
Army
in
so
good
Discipline
,
The
Provencials
Revolt
from
the
Duke
.
and
Obedience
,
that
the
Provencials
had
tasted
very
little
of
the
incommodities
of
War
:
Yet
wanted
there
not
some
unquiet
Spirits
,
who
,
enemies
to
the
peoples
peace
,
as
envious
of
the
Duke
's
good
Fortune
,
endeavour'd
by
all
imaginable
ways
to
debauch
from
him
the
respect
,
and
good
will
he
had
by
his
noble
carriage
acquir'd
from
the
greater
part
of
the
Country
,
and
from
the
better
sort
of
men
,
perswading
them
,
that
his
severe
and
hasty
humour
proceeded
from
a
purpose
he
had
to
usurp
an
absolute
Authority
over
them
;
and
,
rendring
his
best
intentions
so
suspected
to
the
people
,
as
made
them
at
last
refuse
to
pay
their
accustomed
Taxes
.
It
was
by
so
much
the
easier
to
corrupt
these
undiscerning
spirits
,
by
how
much
a
certain
emulation
has
ever
been
observ'd
to
be
betwixt
the
Provencials
and
Gascons
,
as
seems
to
have
been
hereditary
,
if
not
natural
,
to
those
two
people
:
So
that
the
Provencials
not
being
able
to
endure
the
dominion
of
those
with
whom
they
had
ever
disputed
the
prize
of
Glory
,
and
Valour
,
were
easily
tempted
to
shake
off
the
yoke
that
either
was
,
or
was
pretended
to
be
impos'd
upon
them
:
After
therefore
(
as
has
been
said
)
they
had
denied
the
Duke
those
Contributions
,
which
,
until
then
,
they
had
willingly
paid
,
most
of
the
Souldiers
of
the
Country
who
were
in
his
Army
retir'd
themselves
,
and
some
of
the
chief
Nobility
pretended
to
favour
at
Court
by
accusing
him
of
inordinate
Ambition
;
though
all
his
endeavour
to
make
himself
considerable
in
Provence
,
was
only
in
order
to
his
Majesties
Service
.
The
Duke
seeing
things
in
this
ill
condition
,
would
by
force
have
reduc'd
them
to
their
former
posture
:
but
this
remedy
(
which
was
by
no
means
proper
for
the
constitution
of
that
people
)
ripping
up
the
memory
of
the
severe
punishments
he
had
in
such
cases
inflicted
upon
several
men
in
divers
places
,
serv'd
only
to
make
them
desperate
in
their
disobedience
,
and
to
incen●e
them
to
the
last
degree
.
Thus
did
all
those
,
who
had
manifested
an
animosity
against
the
Duke
,
begin
to
apprehend
falling
into
his
power
,
amongst
which
the
Leaguers
were
in
the
greatest
fear
;
who
,
as
their
obstinate
Rebellion
had
made
their
fault
much
greater
,
than
theirs
,
who
like
Souldiers
had
defended
Montauron
,
so
did
they
fear
a
worse
punishment
,
if
worse
could
be
,
than
had
been
inflicted
upon
them
.
They
saw
their
City
of
Aix
reduc'd
to
the
last
extremity
;
neither
would
those
within
stay
till
they
could
come
to
their
Relief
.
The
Count
de
Carces
,
a
particular
Enemy
to
the
Duke
(
besides
the
hatred
that
diversity
of
interest
does
usually
beget
)
above
all
things
dreaded
to
fall
into
his
hands
:
so
that
Friends
,
and
Enemies
,
those
who
pretended
to
be
Royallists
,
and
Leaguers
conspiring
together
to
hinder
the
Duke's
further
advancement
,
he
saw
,
almost
in
a
moment
,
all
Provence
in
Mutiny
,
and
Insurrection
.
The
King
had
already
publickly
embrac'd
the
Catholick
Religion
,
King
Henry
the
IIII.
turns
Roman
Catholick
.
of
which
he
had
made
open
profession
at
St.
Dennis
,
the
five
and
twentieth
day
of
Iuly
this
same
year
:
whose
Conversion
having
taken
away
all
manner
of
pretense
from
such
as
had
declar'd
they
forsook
his
Majesties
Service
upon
no
other
accompt
,
than
the
Interest
of
Religion
;
the
Inhabitants
of
Aix
conceiv'd
they
could
now
no
longer
continue
in
their
Rebellion
,
without
manifesting
to
all
the
world
that
they
were
sway'd
by
other
considerations
,
than
those
they
had
already
declar'd
;
to
which
the
Count
de
Carces
(
making
use
of
this
time
,
and
occasion
)
adding
his
perswasions
,
one
while
representing
to
them
their
Duty
to
their
Prince
,
and
another
the
severity
they
were
to
expect
from
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
animated
,
as
he
must
of
necessity
be
,
by
the
hatred
they
had
in
this
Siege
express'd
against
his
Person
,
he
at
last
prevail'd
with
them
to
send
away
speedily
to
the
King
,
to
assure
his
Majesty
of
their
Fidelity
and
Obedience
.
Mounsieur
de
Thou
.
This
was
the
first
thing
that
discover'd
a
disunion
in
the
League
:
of
which
,
though
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
highly
complain'd
to
the
Count
de
Carces
,
reproaching
him
with
weakness
,
and
charging
him
with
all
the
miscarriages
that
should
after
happen
to
their
Faction
;
yet
was
he
deaf
to
his
reproaches
,
and
the
fear
of
falling
into
the
Duke's
hands
,
as
he
was
upon
the
point
to
do
(
the
City
of
Aix
,
not
being
able
longer
to
hold
out
)
being
more
prevalent
upon
him
,
than
the
respect
of
his
Alliance
,
he
resolutely
persisted
in
his
first
Design
.
But
the
Count
de
Carces
was
not
satisfied
with
hindering
the
Duke
from
making
himself
Master
of
the
City
of
Aix
only
,
the
hatred
he
implacably
bore
him
proceeding
yet
further
,
and
to
contrivances
of
more
dangerous
consequence
against
him
.
There
was
none
who
did
not
believe
the
King
had
a
jealousie
of
the
Duke's
Designs
;
amongst
whom
,
the
Count
de
Carces
,
Designs
o●
the
Count
de
Carces
against
the
Duke
.
who
understood
it
better
than
the
rest
,
easily
perswaded
himself
that
his
Majesty
would
not
suffer
the
Duke
to
encrease
his
Reputation
,
and
Power
in
Provence
,
by
the
taking
of
Aix
,
one
of
the
most
important
places
of
that
Province
:
And
he
further
knew
the
Duke
would
as
hardly
consent
to
have
his
Conquest
,
so
near
effected
,
forestall'd
,
and
the
prey
snatch'd
out
of
his
hands
:
So
that
in
this
diversity
of
pretensions
,
he
doubted
not
,
but
that
the
King's
aversion
to
the
Duke
,
as
also
his
mistrust
of
him
,
would
be
infinitely
encreas'd
;
which
in
the
end
succeeded
as
he
had
foreseen
,
and
projected
.
The
Estates
of
the
Country
,
assembled
at
Aix
,
appointed
Deputies
to
go
make
a
tender
to
the
King
of
the
obedience
of
their
City
,
provided
his
Majesty
would
please
to
protect
them
against
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
whose
power
,
they
said
,
was
grown
formidable
,
and
his
insolence
not
to
be
endur'd
.
'T
is
true
,
he
had
acted
vigorously
against
them
,
but
they
would
not
say
,
That
had
he
proceeded
with
greater
moderation
,
they
would
ever
have
return'd
to
their
obedience
,
or
departed
from
the
Faction
,
whose
interest
they
had
so
precipitously
,
and
rebelliously
embrac'd
.
The
Deputies
found
it
no
hard
matter
to
obtain
from
the
King
what
they
desir'd
,
Anno
1595.
as
to
the
acceptation
of
their
City
,
which
his
Majesty
was
very
glad
should
return
into
his
obedience
:
but
for
what
concern'd
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
against
whom
their
deputation
was
chiefly
directed
,
they
could
nothing
prevail
at
this
time
;
not
that
they
fail'd
on
their
parts
with
their
utmost
endeavour
,
and
eloquence
,
to
render
his
Actions
,
and
fidelity
suspected
,
to
set
the
Kings
heart
more
,
and
more
against
him
:
But
whether
it
were
that
his
Majesty
would
not
give
credit
to
so
partial
,
and
so
passionate
accusers
;
or
(
which
is
more
likely
)
that
in
the
present
posture
of
his
Affairs
,
not
yet
well
settled
,
he
thought
it
not
convenient
to
disoblige
the
Duke
to
such
a
degree
;
he
would
by
no
means
gratifie
them
in
that
part
of
their
deputation
,
that
pointed
at
the
Duke's
removal
from
his
Government
.
He
saw
him
powerful
in
the
Country
,
supported
with
great
Relations
,
and
possess'd
of
many
strong
holds
;
in
which
condition
it
had
been
dangerous
to
provoke
him
to
the
height
:
wherefore
he
thought
it
best
to
choose
a
mean
betwixt
these
extremes
,
and
to
give
the
Deputies
some
satisfaction
,
without
touching
the
Duke's
Authority
in
Provence
,
excepting
in
the
City
of
Aix
only
;
which
,
at
the
Deputies
request
his
Majesty
would
not
absolutely
leave
at
his
discretion
.
His
Maje●ties
Conversion
had
as
yet
produc'd
no
great
advantage
to
,
nor
no
great
alteration
in
his
Affairs
,
saving
that
he
had
thereby
assur'd
many
good
Catholicks
to
his
Service
,
who
before
were
a
little
distracted
in
their
Duty
,
and
suspended
betwixt
Loyalty
and
Religion
:
But
the
League
still
remain'd
in
the
same
vigour
,
and
the
Spaniards
hopes
were
yet
as
great
as
ever
to
carry
the
Election
of
their
Infanta
to
the
Crown
,
in
the
approaching
Assembly
of
the
counterfeit
Estates
of
the
League
at
Paris
.
All
propositions
of
Accommodation
with
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
had
prov'd
ineffectual
,
who
was
the
more
inflexible
to
Peace
,
by
how
much
his
Kindred
,
and
Confederates
(
the
Count
de
Carces
excepted
)
continued
firm
in
their
union
,
which
also
of
it self
was
not
very
likely
soon
to
dis●olve
,
where
there
were
so
many
pretenders
to
the
Crown
,
to
which
five
,
or
six
of
the
Family
at
once
aspir'd
.
In
this
conjuncture
of
Affairs
,
the
King
willing
to
make
much
of
those
few
Servants
h●
had
,
and
principally
of
the
Duke
,
that
he
might
win
time
to
order
him
at
a
better
advantage
,
when
the
State
should
be
settled
in
a
better
condition
,
wholly
referr'd
all
differences
depending
betwixt
the
Duke
,
and
the
Provencials
,
to
the
Constable
de
Montmoren●y's
Arbitration
:
A
man
of
all
others
,
the
most
●it
to
accommodate
those
Differences
,
who
being
a
near
Ally
,
and
a
passionate
Friend
to
the
Duke
,
and
his
Interests
,
could
no
ways
stand
●uspected
to
him
;
and
who
his
Majesty
knew
would
be
well
lik'd
of
by
the
Provencials
:
a
people
the
Constable
by
bordering
upon
them
had
had
many
opportunities
several
ways
to
oblige
.
Neither
did
his
Majesty
altogether
●o
trust
to
the
Referree
he
had
in
publick
honoured
with
that
Office
,
but
that
he
at
the
same
time
sent
private
instructions
to
Mounsieur
l'
Esd●guieres
,
and
to
Colonel
Alphonso
d'
Ornano
,
The
King
sends
secret
Orders
to
l'
Esdiguieres
,
and
Colonel
Alphonso
d'
Ornano
.
to
have
an
eye
to
the
Duke's
Actions
;
and
in
case
they
saw
him
obstinate
to
the
taking
the
City
of
Aix
,
or
that
the
Constable
should
in
his
Arbitration
be
partial
to
him
,
that
then
they
should
openly
undertake
the
protection
of
that
people
,
and
by
all
means
assure
to
his
Majesty
the
pos●es●ion
of
that
City
.
Yet
were
not
these
orders
,
how
secretly
soever
deliver'd
,
so
closely
carried
,
but
that
the
Duke
had
immediate
knowledge
thereof
;
at
which
unexpected
unkindness
being
infinitely
surpriz'd
,
and
wounded
to
the
quick
,
to
see
his
Services
,
and
good
Intentions
rewarded
by
so
apparent
a
mistrust
,
he
took
up
Resolutions
,
which
though
I
shall
by
no
means
pretend
to
justifie
,
yet
that
the
condition
,
and
misfortune
of
the
time
may
something
serve
to
excuse
:
There
was
scarce
a
great
man
of
that
Age
that
was
not
of
opinion
a
man
might
lawfully
defend
his
own
Fortune
,
even
against
his
Prince
,
an
error
with
which
the
Duke
also
,
having
been
pre-possess'd
,
and
therein
,
by
a
number
of
ill
examples
,
confirm'd
,
he
was
resolv'd
not
to
refer
the
Controversie
about
Aix
,
nor
the
interest
he
had
in
Provence
to
arbitration
;
but
to
maintain
himself
in
that
Interest
,
and
Authority
,
with
all
the
Force
,
and
Power
he
had
:
which
made
l'
Esdiguieres
,
who
was
soon
enform'd
how
little
the
Duke
was
dispos'd
to
submit
to
the
King's
order
,
after
having
conferr'd
with
Seignior
Alphonso
,
and
concluded
about
the
course
they
were
to
take
,
to
retire
into
Dauphiné
,
there
to
prepare
himself
to
pass
over
with
all
expedition
,
and
with
all
the
Force
he
could
make
into
Provence
.
Whilst
these
little
contests
in
Provence
had
been
thus
carried
on
,
which
had
taken
up
some
time
,
the
King's
Affairs
about
his
own
Person
were
advanc'd
into
a
much
better
condition
:
The
Deputies
of
Provence
had
been
dispatch'd
to
Court
in
Ianuary
,
at
which
time
the
League
being
at
their
height
,
his
Majesty
thought
it
not
convenient
to
give
the
Duke
any
publick
discontent
:
but
from
that
time
three
months
were
now
elaps'd
(
for
this
hapned
at
the
end
of
April
)
in
which
time
the
King
had
found
a
way
to
possess
himself
of
the
City
of
Paris
.
The
possession
of
this
great
and
populous
City
had
drawn
many
others
along
with
it
into
his
Majesties
Obedience
,
and
divers
persons
of
great
quality
had
follow'd
the
examples
of
those
Cities
:
the
Spaniard
now
was
possess'd
of
few
,
or
no
Towns
in
the
Kingdom
,
and
the
League
was
so
strangely
declin'd
,
as
to
be
only
now
almost
supported
by
the
single
Family
of
Lorain
,
which
was
it self
also
upon
the
point
to
disunite
;
so
that
the
King
being
no
longer
necessitated
to
dissemble
,
began
now
to
require
of
the
Duke
a
more
absolute
obedience
,
than
hitherto
he
had
done
;
when
having
rais'd
him
many
enemies
in
the
Country
,
and
appointed
l'
Esdiguieres
,
and
Ornano
with
great
Forces
to
make
head
against
him
,
he
did
not
now
so
much
fear
his
revolt
,
as
formerly
;
nor
consequently
so
much
care
to
disoblige
him
.
The
Duke
,
who
by
the
commotions
of
the
people
,
by
his
Majesties
positive
command
,
and
by
the
preparations
that
were
made
against
him
,
very
well
saw
what
he
was
to
expect
,
would
,
notwithstanding
how
great
soever
his
danger
seem'd
to
be
,
rather
choose
to
perish
in
Provence
in
the
defense
of
his
Honour
,
and
Command
,
The
Duke
is
resolute
to
maintain
himself
in
his
Government
.
than
to
go
to
Court
,
there
to
expose
himself
to
the
malicious
Offices
of
his
Enemies
.
He
very
well
saw
the
best
he
was
there
to
expect
,
was
to
be
stript
of
his
Government
;
to
which
he
conceiv'd
he
had
a
better
Title
,
than
to
any
other
member
of
his
Fortune
.
He
had
,
in
the
time
of
his
Favour
,
purg'd
that
Province
of
the
Factions
of
the
League
,
and
the
Reform'd
Religion
;
he
had
since
maintain'd
it
against
the
Duke
of
Savoy
,
and
the
League
combin'd
together
:
It
had
cost
him
his
Brother's
Life
,
much
of
his
own
Blood
,
and
many
of
his
Friends
,
and
Servants
:
so
that
what
propositions
soever
could
be
made
unto
him
,
he
intended
never
to
quit
claim
to
his
title
there
,
and
stood
resolute
to
bury
himself
in
Provence
,
rather
than
by
leaving
it
,
to
satisfie
his
Enemies
longing
,
who
were
hourly
importunate
with
his
Majesty
to
remove
him
thence
.
In
which
resolution
being
every
day
more
and
more
confirm'd
,
he
gave
the
Constable
(
who
as
I
have
said
was
to
mediate
the
differences
betwixt
the
Provencials
,
and
him
)
plainly
to
understand
his
determination
;
entreating
him
at
the
same
time
not
to
take
it
ill
,
if
he
did
not
submit
a
thing
to
Arbitration
,
which
he
could
by
no
means
ever
consent
to
part
withal
.
Neither
was
it
any
hard
matter
for
him
to
satisfie
the
Constable
who
was
infinitely
affectionate
to
his
person
,
and
who
had
much
rather
have
had
him
for
his
Neighbour
in
Provence
,
than
any
other
;
a
consideration
that
perhaps
especially
mov'd
the
King
to
call
the
Duke
from
that
Government
;
The
King
resolves
to
remove
the
D●ke
from
the
Government
of
Provence
.
his
Majesty
not
conceiving
it
convenient
,
that
two
persons
so
intimate
,
and
of
so
great
Reputation
as
they
both
were
,
should
possess
two
so
con●iderable
,
and
so
near
neighbouring
Provinces
.
Mounsieur
de
l'
Esdiguieres
observing
how
little
the
Duke
was
enclin'd
to
an
Accommodation
,
and
suspecting
that
the
Constable
forbore
to
press
him
to
it
,
only
to
give
the
Duke
more
time
to
make
himself
Master
of
Aix
,
began
to
march
with
three
thousand
five
hundred
Foot
,
and
eight
or
nine
hundred
Horse
towards
Provence
,
Mounsieur
de
l'
Esdiguieres
en●ers
with
an
Army
into
Provence
,
against
the
Duke
.
and
by
the
way
was
reinforc'd
with
some
Troops
that
had
serv'd
the
League
under
the
command
of
the
Count
de
Carces
,
and
who
were
exceeding
glad
to
be
employ'd
against
the
Duke
.
Lafin
(
since
famous
for
having
been
the
Instrument
of
the
Mareschal
de
Birons
Ruine
)
hapned
to
be
at
this
time
in
Provence
,
who
,
having
some
command
in
the
Country
,
and
having
frequently
convers'd
with
the
Duke
about
the
management
of
Affairs
,
had
a
great
Ambition
to
have
the
honour
of
composing
these
Differences
:
wherefore
knowing
Mounsieur
de
l●
Esdiguieres
to
be
upon
his
March
,
he
went
out
to
meet
him
;
to
whom
he
undertook
,
provided
he
would
advance
no
further
,
to
perswade
the
Duke
absolutely
to
submit
to
the
Constables
determination
:
But
Mounsieur
de
l'
Esdiguieres
,
supposing
that
to
shew
himself
with
his
Forces
upon
the
Frontiers
of
his
Government
,
would
sooner
encline
the
Duke
to
that
resolution
,
advanc'd
as
far
as
the
Banks
of
the
River
Durance
,
which
separates
Provence
from
Dauphiné
;
where
what
he
design'd
to
hasten
an
Accommodation
,
he
soon
saw
serv'd
only
to
put
things
into
a
worse
condition
,
and
to
make
the
Rupture
wider
than
before
.
There
had
been
of
old
a
certain
emulation
betwixt
these
two
great
men
,
and
their
Vertue
having
begot
in
each
of
them
a
great
esteem
for
the
other
,
they
had
long
,
and
equally
desir'd
an
occasion
,
wherein
they
might
make
a
decisive
trial
of
themselves
,
to
see
which
by
his
merit
could
get
the
start
in
the
race
of
Honour
,
and
stand
fairest
in
the
worlds
Opinion
:
A
noble
,
and
vertuous
jealousie
of
one
anothers
Reputation
;
yet
was
there
at
this
time
something
of
feud
in
the
case
,
the
Duke
complaining
that
he
had
not
receiv'd
from
Mounsieur
de
l'
Esdiguieres
the
return
,
nor
acknowledgement
he
expected
,
for
the
good
Offices
he
had
done
him
in
the
business
of
Savoy
;
to
which
were
also
added
the
Difference
in
Religion
,
and
the
Diversity
of
Interest
,
things
that
were
never
observ'd
to
promote
Accommodations
,
nor
to
unite
the
wills
,
and
inclinations
of
men
:
by
all
which
,
the
Duke
being
animated
against
Mounsieur
de
l'
Esdiguieres
,
perhaps
more
than
he
should
have
been
against
any
other
,
he
had
no
sooner
notice
of
his
motion
,
than
taking
his
approach
for
a
defiance
,
he
would
let
him
see
,
that
he
was
neither
astonish'd
at
his
Reputation
,
nor
daunted
with
the
Forces
he
brought
along
with
him
;
and
therefore
immediately
arose
from
his
Fort
of
Aix
;
The
Duke
goes
out
to
meet
Mounsieur
de
l'
Esdiguieres
.
where
nor
daring
,
as
it
was
not
fit
,
to
leave
his
Quarters
weakly
guarded
,
he
took
the
Field
with
only
3000
Foot
,
though
in
Horse
he
was
equal
to
Mounsieur
de
l'
Esdiguieres
,
and
with
these
small
Forces
bravely
fac'd
●im
;
who
having
already
pass'd
the
River
,
there
was
so
little
to
part
them
,
as
reduc'd
them
both
to
almost
a
necessity
of
fighting
.
In
this
little
Battel
therefore
the
Duke
advanc'd
to
begin
the
charge
,
which
though
it
was
of
no
great
continuance
,
ended
nevertheless
with
the
loss
of
many
men
on
both
sides
,
and
wherein
the
Duke
shew'd
himself
no
ways
inferiour
to
his
Adversary
either
in
Courage
,
or
Conduct
,
which
is
all
I
shall
say
,
that
I
may
not
appear
interested
,
and
partial
.
All
the
Historians
who
make
mention
of
this
Action
do
say
,
that
the
two
Armies
retreated
without
any
considerable
advantage
on
either
side
,
that
in
truth
the
Duke
of
Espernon
carried
away
many
prisoners
of
eminent
Quality
;
but
that
Mounsieur
de
l'
Esdiguieres
remain'd
Master
of
the
Field
;
by
which
report
they
seem
to
give
him
the
advantage
of
the
day
.
Mounsieur
de
Thou
writes
to
that
purpose
,
and
so
does
d'
Avila
;
though
it
be
nothing
strange
in
the
last
,
who
,
excepting
in
things
,
that
meerly
concern
the
Affairs
at
Court
,
does
,
as
to
the
rest
,
only
translate
the
other
,
and
wholly
follows
his
relation
in
what
concerns
the
business
of
the
Provinces
of
the
Kingdom
.
As
to
Mounsieur
de
Videl
who
has
writ
the
life
of
the
Constable
l'
Esdiguieres
exceedingly
well
,
and
paid
to
the
memory
of
a
good
Master
the
gratitude
of
a
passionately
affectionate
and
faithful
Servant
;
I
must
commend
him
for
writing
to
his
Benefactors
advantage
in
an
occasion
wherein
he
might
with
great
truth
do
his
memory
honour
:
but
to
make
a
right
judgment
of
this
action
,
it
will
be
convenient
to
relate
the
circumstances
of
it
,
after
which
it
will
be
easier
to
conclude
,
to
which
side
the
Victory
enclin'd
.
Mounsieur
de
l'
Esdiguieres
,
A
true
accompt
of
the
Action
.
having
pass'd
the
River
Durance
,
took
up
his
Quarters
at
Ourgon
,
and
the
circumjacent
Villages
,
where
the
fertility
of
the
Country
abundantly
provided
for
him
:
but
the
Duke
on
the
contrary
,
who
came
to
meet
him
,
being
constrain'd
to
Quarter
in
a
very
ill
Country
,
as
at
Eguiere
,
Sennas
,
Lambescq
,
and
other
places
thereabouts
,
his
men
suffer'd
great
want
,
and
inconvenience
;
A
consideration
that
besides
the
promptness
of
his
nature
,
made
him
eage●
to
come
to
the
trial
of
Arms
:
In
which
resolution
advancing
still
towards
the
Enemy
,
he
at
last
discover'd
him
,
standing
in
a
place
of
singular
advantage
behind
a
great
Ditch
,
which
the
torrent
of
Land
floods
had
worn
,
and
hollow'd
into
the
form
of
a
regular
entrenchment
.
L'
Esdiguieres
at
the
Duke's
first
appearance
immediately
drew
up
into
Battalia
behind
the
Ditch
,
sending
out
his
Vant-guard
only
to
fight
,
wherein
he
had
indeed
dispos'd
his
best
men
,
under
the
command
of
his
Nephew
Morges
,
in
whose
company
(
to
his
own
misfortune
)
was
Bezaudun
,
who
had
formerly
been
Mareschal
de
Camp
for
the
League
in
Provence
.
The
Duke
,
seeing
this
Vant-guard
come
up
with
a
countenance
to
fight
,
made
his
also
advance
to
meet
them
;
which
he
would
himself
in
person
lead
up
,
as
he
did
,
and
made
so
gallant
,
and
so
fortunate
a
charge
,
that
after
a
short
,
but
brisk
dispute
,
himself
bravely
fighting
at
the
head
of
his
men
,
they
totally
routed
the
party
,
and
drove
Morges
wounded
into
the
very
Ditch
,
that
parted
the
two
main
Bodies
,
kill'd
a
great
many
men
(
as
he
also
lost
some
)
and
carried
away
very
many
Prisoners
,
without
leaving
so
much
as
one
of
his
own
men
in
the
Enemies
hands
:
Yet
had
Mounsieur
l'
Esdiguieres
the
patience
all
this
while
to
see
his
men
beaten
,
and
trodden
under
foot
,
without
once
offering
to
come
out
of
his
Trench
;
or
,
though
he
made
some
light
skirmishes
about
the
skirts
of
the
Ditch
,
without
expressing
any
inclination
to
a
total
engagement
;
A
coldness
that
the
Duke
very
well
observing
,
and
satisfied
with
his
own
success
,
which
he
had
infinitely
hazarded
,
should
he
have
made
any
further
attempt
upon
the
Enemy
in
a
place
of
so
great
advantage
,
contented
himself
with
only
facing
some
hours
in
the
Field
,
to
try
if
l'
Esdiguieres
had
any
mind
to
repair
his
loss
;
but
to
no
purpose
,
he
still
keeping
the
●ame
station
,
and
being
by
no
provocation
to
be
●empted
,
out
of
the
advantage
of
his
Post.
And
this
is
the
truth
of
what
pass'd
at
this
occasion
,
as
I
received
it
from
honourable
,
and
not
to
be
suspected
,
testimony
,
who
were
present
at
the
engagement
,
and
who
impartially
related
the
story
:
though
the
sequel
it self
makes
it
plain
enough
;
for
had
Mounsieur
l'
Esdiguieres
had
the
least
imaginable
advantage
,
is
it
to
be
suppos'd
that
he
would
have
suffer'd
the
Duke
to
have
carried
away
so
many
,
and
so
considerable
Pris'ners
before
his
face
,
as
the
Historians
themselves
confess
to
be
taken
in
this
Battel
?
No
doubtless
!
neither
was
it
such
a
triumph
for
him
to
remain
Master
of
the
Field
,
the
Duke
never
intending
to
stay
upon
the
place
of
Battel
;
the
ill
Quarters
he
had
been
enforc'd
to
take
up
withal
,
upon
his
March
,
in
a
very
unfruitful
Country
,
not
permitting
him
to
stay
long
there
without
he
intended
to
destroy
his
men
:
to
which
consideration
was
also
added
,
that
he
was
in
danger
of
losing
his
Fort
at
Aix
,
left
but
slenderly
guarded
,
by
drawing
so
many
men
from
thence
upon
this
occasion
;
and
therefore
it
especially
concern'd
him
not
longer
to
expose
a
place
of
that
importance
,
which
was
indeed
the
main
cause
that
made
him
to
return
,
but
not
retreat
.
Amongst
the
Prisoners
taken
at
this
Battel
was
the
Mareschal
de
Camp
Bezaudun
,
whom
I
nam'd
but
now
;
a
Gentleman
for
his
Parts
and
Courage
of
high
repute
amongst
those
of
his
own
Faction
:
but
he
would
yet
make
himself
more
remarkable
,
by
professing
,
and
that
in
publick
,
an
implacable
hatred
to
the
Duke's
Person
;
neither
were
words
sufficient
to
express
his
Malice
,
nor
did
he
think
it
enough
that
he
had
by
divers
calumnies
bespatter'd
the
Duke's
Honour
,
The
Duke'●
Victory
fatal
to
Bezaudun
.
unless
he
made
his
injuries
more
publick
,
by
printing
several
Libels
,
of
which
he
declar'd
himself
to
be
the
Author
,
which
indeed
,
was
one
thing
that
had
cherish'd
in
the
Duke
an
animosity
against
him
:
but
there
was
yet
another
by
which
he
was
more
justly
provok'd
,
and
of
which
,
those
who
have
condemn'd
the
Duke
,
for
causing
him
to
be
,
as
they
say
,
unhandsomely
slain
,
have
made
no
mention
.
I
think
it
therefore
very
fit
to
insert
it
here
,
to
vindicate
the
Duke
from
the
aspersion
has
been
unjustly
cast
upon
him
,
about
this
Gentleman's
death
.
Bezaudun
,
formerly
in
some
engagement
had
the
fortune
to
take
a
Gentleman
Prisoner
,
whose
name
was
D'
Estampes
,
a
man
for
whom
the
Duke
had
an
exceeding
kindness
,
and
whom
in
the
beginning
of
his
restraint
Bezaudun
had
us'd
with
great
civility
;
but
suspecting
soon
after
,
and
perhaps
upon
too
light
grounds
,
that
his
Prisoner
had
not
observ'd
a
due
regard
to
the
honour
of
his
house
,
he
forthwith
resolv'd
to
take
a
severe
revenge
:
To
which
purpose
causing
himself
to
be
carried
in
a
Chair
into
the
Market-place
of
Aix
,
being
unable
to
walk
by
reason
of
some
Wounds
he
had
receiv'd
,
he
there
caus'd
his
Prisoner
to
be
brought
before
him
;
where
having
demanded
of
him
,
in
the
presence
of
a
great
many
people
,
whom
the
novelty
of
the
action
had
assembled
together
,
if
he
complain'd
of
his
usage
,
D'
Estampes
made
answer
,
that
he
was
so
far
from
complaining
,
that
he
had
highly
commended
it
,
and
should
do
so
as
long
as
he
had
life
.
You
should
not
then
have
given
me
cause
to
complain
of
you
,
says
Bezaudun
,
and
withal
cry'd
,
kill
him
;
which
inhumane
Sentence
was
scarce
pronounc'd
,
but
that
the
poor
Gentleman
was
,
by
some
Bezaudun
had
brought
along
for
that
purpose
,
immediately
run
through
,
and
through
,
and
laid
dead
upon
the
place
.
This
barbarous
act
,
that
possess'd
with
horror
all
such
as
beheld
it
,
being
soon
brought
to
the
Duke's
ear
,
he
then
made
a
vow
,
that
if
ever
the
Murtherer
fell
into
his
hands
he
should
receive
the
same
measure
:
And
such
was
Bezaudun's
ill
fortune
,
to
be
presented
to
the
Duke
in
a
time
when
the
murther
of
his
Friend
was
yet
fresh
in
his
memory
;
for
the
Prisoners
taken
in
the
Battel
,
being
immediately
,
and
upon
the
place
brought
before
him
,
and
amongst
the
rest
Bezaudun
,
completely
arm'd
,
with
his
Bever
down
;
and
the
Duke
asking
(
as
he
had
of
the
rest
)
who
he
was
,
the
Prisoner
himself
made
answer
,
that
he
was
Bezaudun
;
at
which
the
Duke
turning
aside
his
head
,
as
loathing
the
sight
of
a
man
so
odious
to
him
,
and
against
whom
he
had
so
often
publish'd
an
implacable
hatred
,
could
not
forbear
to
express
some
dissatisfaction
with
those
who
had
receiv'd
him
to
Quarter
:
whereupon
one
of
them
,
without
more
express
order
,
discharg'd
a
Pistol
in
his
head
,
by
which
he
was
laid
upon
the
ground
;
the
second
was
discharg'd
by
a
Brother-in-law
of
his
own
,
and
both
mortal
.
Thus
have
you
the
truth
of
this
business
;
which
,
had
it
been
carried
with
less
cruelty
,
had
doubtless
been
more
to
be
commended
,
though
the
many
offences
and
injuries
the
Duke
had
receiv'd
being
duly
consider'd
,
it
may
in
some
sort
pretend
to
an
excuse
;
especially
the
fact
having
been
committed
by
no
order
from
the
Duke
,
but
by
Servants
of
his
,
who
conceiv'd
it
would
be
an
acceptable
service
to
him
:
Neither
is
it
to
be
denied
,
but
that
the
War
has
produc'd
many
other
actions
of
this
nature
,
wherein
as
great
severity
has
been
practis'd
upon
far
less
provocation
,
The
Duke
after
this
Battel
perceiving
l'
Esdiguier●s
to
be
palpably
favour'd
by
almost
all
who
had
formerly
stood
for
the
League
in
Provence
,
(
many
of
them
having
listed
themselves
under
this
Hugonot
Captain
)
as
also
by
those
who
were
affectionate
to
the
King
,
seeing
an
Army
likewise
on
foot
against
him
twice
as
numerous
as
his
own
,
and
not
knowing
in
whom
he
might
confide
,
even
his
own
Friends
,
and
Servants
being
startled
,
to
see
the
King's
Authority
,
and
name
made
use
of
against
them
;
began
now
to
see
that
,
to
keep
those
few
friends
,
and
places
he
had
left
,
from
revolting
from
him
,
it
was
absolutely
necessary
to
submit
to
an
Accommodation
:
and
to
this
he
was
the
rather
induc'd
by
the
necessity
he
saw
of
abandoning
his
Fort
of
Aix
,
it
being
impossible
for
him
to
keep
that
,
without
putting
the
other
places
he
held
in
the
Province
to
manifest
hazard
,
his
Forces
being
too
few
to
defend
them
all
against
so
many
enemies
,
The
Duke
at
last
is
necessitated
to
an
Accommodation
.
as
were
conspir'd
to
his
ruine
.
He
therefore
at
last
hearkened
to
Lafin
,
who
from
the
beginning
had
made
himself
an
importunate
Mediator
for
an
Accommodation
,
and
in
conclusion
wholly
referr'd
himself
to
the
Constables
award
;
by
whose
determination
,
which
was
deliver'd
in
Iune
,
the
Duke
was
oblig'd
to
give
up
the
Fort
of
Aix
(
the
main
thing
in
contest
)
into
the
hands
of
Lafin
himself
,
by
whom
it
was
to
be
kept
with
400
men
,
to
be
sent
out
of
Languedoc
,
until
it
should
please
his
Majesty
further
to
signifie
his
Royal
Pleasure
,
as
to
the
maintaining
or
slighting
of
that
Fort
,
that
in
the
mean
time
there
should
be
a
general
suspension
of
Arms
in
Provence
,
during
which
all
things
should
continue
in
the
same
posture
they
then
were
.
The
Duke
submitting
absolutely
,
and
without
reserve
,
to
this
Decree
,
accordingly
deliver'd
up
the
Fort
of
Aix
unto
Lafin
,
who
enter'd
into
it
with
the
appointed
number
of
men
:
but
whether
it
were
through
the
Officers
foul
play
in
their
Musters
,
or
that
the
treachery
of
Lafin
himself
(
of
both
which
the
Duke
complain'd
)
made
him
neglect
to
keep
his
Garrison
in
its
full
appointment
,
so
it
was
that
in
a
few
days
they
were
reduc'd
to
half
their
number
;
neither
does
Mounsieur
l'
Esdiguieres
stick
to
confess
,
that
he
himself
had
a
hand
in
the
business
,
that
he
had
privately
supply'd
the
Fort
with
Souldiers
of
his
own
,
who
still
were
to
run
away
by
his
private
order
.
In
the
mean
time
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
under
the
assurance
of
this
Truce
,
liv'd
in
great
security
,
and
believing
that
nothing
was
to
be
suspected
to
the
prejudice
of
a
Treaty
,
argu●d
,
and
concluded
as
it
were
in
the
presence
of
all
men
,
took
this
opportunity
,
a
little
to
divert
,
and
repose
himself
,
after
the
continual
action
he
had
been
turmoil'd
in
since
his
first
arrival
in
Provence
,
and
to
that
purpose
took
a
Journey
into
Languedoc
,
either
as
he
himself
pretended
to
make
a
visit
to
the
Constable
;
The
Duke
goes
over
to
Languedoc
.
or
,
as
it
was
said
by
others
,
upon
an
amorous
accompt
to
visit
a
Lady
he
had
an
acquaintance
withal
in
that
Country
:
but
whatever
was
the
occasion
,
the
absence
of
their
Leader
,
together
with
his
example
,
made
most
of
his
Souldiers
to
take
the
same
liberty
,
rambling
every
one
a
several
way
:
an
advantage
that
Mounsieur
l'
Esdiguieres
very
well
knew
how
to
manage
;
neither
did
he
neglect
it
,
though
what
he
did
would
have
been
interpreted
breach
of
faith
,
had
less
than
the
King's
command
stept
in
to
excuse
it
.
In
this
Journey
to
Languedoc
,
there
hapned
a
very
remarkable
quarrel
betwixt
two
Officers
of
the
Duke's
Army
,
A
remarkable
Duel
betwixt
two
of
the
Duke's
Captains
.
who
went
along
to
attend
him
;
the
one
was
Lioux
,
a
Gascon
,
the
other
St.
Andiol
a
Provencial
,
both
of
them
Captains
of
Horse
,
and
equal
in
quality
,
and
esteem
;
though
in
this
occasion
the
chance
of
Arms
shewed
it self
partial
to
St.
Andiol's
side
.
These
two
Gentlemen
upon
some
slight
dispute
,
having
agreed
to
fight
,
went
out
of
the
Town
together
,
to
end
their
difference
;
where
St.
Andiol
being
the
stronger
man
,
after
some
wounds
given
,
and
receiv'd
on
both
sides
,
closing
with
his
Enemy
,
trip'd
up
his
heels
,
disarm'd
him
,
and
made
him
ask
his
life
;
which
being
done
,
he
was
so
far
from
the
insolence
of
a
conquerour
,
that
,
desiring
no
other
triumph
than
his
own
private
satisfaction
,
he
restor'd
Lioux
his
Sword
upon
the
place
,
with
all
the
complement
,
and
civility
usual
amongst
men
of
honour
upon
such
occasions
.
But
how
modest
soever
St.
Andiol
was
in
his
Victory
,
the
business
could
not
be
so
secretly
carried
(
they
returning
both
bloody
from
the
Field
)
that
their
friends
took
not
notice
of
what
they
had
been
about
,
who
as
soon
enform'd
the
Duke
thereof
;
desiring
withal
,
that
he
would
interpose
his
Authority
to
make
them
friends
:
But
the
Duke
,
out
of
respect
to
the
Constable
would
transfer
that
good
office
to
him
,
who
as
readily
undertook
it
,
and
who
having
his
two
Sons
in
Law
the
Count
de
Auvergne
(
since
Duke
of
Angoulesme
,
and
the
Duke
de
Vantadour
in
the
house
with
him
,
sent
for
them
,
and
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
to
be
present
at
the
reconciliation
,
Saint
Andiol
was
the
first
call'd
in
,
who
,
being
examin'd
what
had
pass'd
betwixt
Lioux
and
him
,
made
answer
,
That
it
was
true
,
some
little
dispute
had
hapned
betwixt
them
,
which
had
oblig'd
him
to
seek
the
satisfaction
of
a
Cavalier
;
but
that
it
was
already
determin'd
,
without
any
advantage
on
the
one
side
,
or
the
other
,
that
he
was
satisfied
that
he
must
ever
declare
Lioux
to
be
a
very
brave
Gentleman
,
and
that
he
was
his
Friend
,
and
humble
Servant
.
After
this
Declaration
,
every
one
concluded
it
would
be
a
matter
of
no
great
difficulty
to
reconcile
them
,
and
expected
Lioux
would
as
readily
embrace
his
adversaries
friendship
,
as
he
had
franckly
offer'd
his
,
Saint
Andiol
being
reputed
one
of
the
bravest
Gentlemen
in
the
Army
.
He
therefore
was
next
call'd
in
,
and
that
rather
to
hear
himself
commended
upon
Saint
Andiol's
testimony
of
his
Valour
,
than
to
be
question'd
about
a
thing
,
of
the
truth
whereof
they
thought
themselves
already
sufficiently
enform'd
.
They
therefore
,
upon
his
coming
in
,
told
him
,
that
Saint
Andiol
had
given
an
account
of
what
had
pass'd
betwixt
them
,
that
he
had
assur'd
them
,
they
parted
upon
equal
terms
,
that
he
was
his
Friend
and
Servant
,
and
that
therefore
nothing
now
remain'd
,
but
that
they
should
embrace
,
and
be
good
friends
.
To
which
Lioux
made
answer
,
That
before
they
proceeded
so
far
,
there
must
be
a
truer
relation
given
of
the
issue
of
their
dispute
,
than
,
for
as
much
as
he
yet
heard
,
he
could
consent
unto
.
An
answer
that
surpriz'd
the
whole
company
,
who
fear'd
it
might
beget
a
new
quarrel
;
when
Lioux
continuing
his
discourse
,
declar'd
how
every
thing
had
truly
pass'd
;
acknowledging
that
he
ow'd
his
life
to
his
enemies
courtesie
;
but
complaining
withal
,
that
Saint
Andiol
should
make
so
light
of
his
Victory
,
as
to
deprive
himself
of
the
due
honour
of
it
;
yet
magnifying
his
noble
behaviour
towards
him
after
so
ingenuous
a
manner
,
that
having
by
his
franck
,
and
generous
confession
wip'd
off
all
disesteem
,
that
usually
(
how
brave
soever
)
cleaves
to
the
losing
side
,
he
won
himself
,
by
his
handsome
carriage
,
as
great
a
reputation
,
as
if
he
had
been
more
fortunate
,
and
shar'd
in
the
glory
of
a
victory
had
been
obtain'd
in
single
dispute
over
his
own
person
.
From
the
time
that
the
Fort
of
Aix
had
been
deliver'd
into
Lafin's
hands
,
Mounsieur
de
l'
Esdiguieres
had
retir'd
himself
into
the
City
,
where
he
had
been
receiv'd
with
all
the
reputation
,
and
respect
due
to
the
Deliverer
of
a
people
,
as
they
look'd
upon
him
to
be
,
and
where
,
whilst
he
lay
watching
all
occasions
wherein
he
might
weaken
the
Duke's
power
,
or
lessen
his
repute
(
which
he
call'd
executing
his
Majestices
Orders
,
and
advancing
his
Service
)
he
had
intelligence
of
the
slender
,
and
careless
Guard
was
kept
by
Lafin
in
the
Fort
of
Aix
,
as
also
in
many
other
places
,
which
as
yet
were
in
the
Duke's
possession
:
The
Fort
of
Aix
surpriz'd
by
Mounsieur
l'
Esdiguieres
.
wherefore
making
use
of
this
negligence
,
and
pretending
some
of
the
Duke's
people
had
broken
the
Truce
(
in
having
(
as
he
said
)
taken
some
of
his
prisoners
)
he
took
the
Field
upon
the
sixth
of
Iuly
,
and
without
resistance
took
the
Fort
of
Aix
,
and
favouring
the
revolt
of
Frejus
,
St.
Paul
,
Troy
,
Mirabel
,
and
Cannes
,
gave
the
Inhabitants
of
all
those
Cities
opportunity
,
to
drive
out
the
Duke's
Garrisons
,
and
to
withdraw
themselves
wholly
from
his
Party
,
and
Obedience
.
As
for
the
Fort
of
Aix
,
it
was
no
sooner
in
Mounsieur
de
l'
Esdiguieres
hands
,
but
that
he
deliver'd
it
up
to
the
discretion
of
the
Inhabitants
,
who
were
so
diligent
in
the
demolishing
of
it
,
The
Fort
of
Aix
demolish'd
.
that
in
two
days
time
there
scarce
remain'd
any
footsteps
of
a
work
the
Duke
's
whole
Army
had
for
three
months
together
,
with
great
,
and
continual
labour
,
been
industrious
to
raise
.
Toulon
soon
after
follow'd
the
revolt
of
the
other
forenamed
places
,
Many
other
places
revolt
from
the
Duke
.
which
was
,
of
all
others
,
a
loss
of
the
greatest
importance
to
the
Duke
.
Esgarrebaques
was
Governour
of
the
place
,
a
man
that
had
long
serv'd
in
that
employment
,
both
under
Mounsieur
de
la
Valette
,
and
under
the
Duke
himself
in
great
esteem
of
Courage
,
and
Fidelity
:
but
at
last
the
alliance
he
had
contracted
with
the
House
of
Souliés
,
a
Family
that
were
nothing
kind
to
the
Duke's
Interests
,
having
given
his
Adversaries
,
or
rather
his
Envyers
a
pretense
to
render
him
suspected
to
the
Duke
,
he
,
to
secure
the
place
,
and
to
keep
Esgarrebaques
within
the
bounds
of
his
duty
,
caus'd
a
Cittadel
to
be
drawn
out
,
and
to
be
begun
in
his
own
presence
,
wherein
he
plac'd
Signac
,
the
Governours
Capital
,
and
Mortal
Enemy
,
with
a
sufficient
Garrison
both
to
secure
the
Cittadel
,
and
to
awe
the
City
:
But
Esgarrebaques
,
either
really
provok'd
by
this
ill
usage
,
or
else
in
this
declining
condition
of
the
Duke's
Affairs
,
willing
to
disingage
himself
from
his
Service
,
making
that
his
pretense
,
so
soon
as
the
Duke's
back
was
turn'd
,
assaulted
Signac
in
his
new
Cittadel
;
where
,
the
Fortifications
being
imperfect
,
and
the
access
open
,
and
easie
on
all
sides
,
he
without
much
opposition
took
the
Governour
prisoner
,
and
made
himself
master
of
the
place
;
putting
himself
immediately
after
into
Mounsieur
l'
Esdiguieres
protection
,
which
,
in
the
Language
of
the
Country
,
was
to
submit
himself
to
the
King
.
The
Duke
having
intelligence
of
these
disorders
,
of
which
his
own
absence
had
chiefly
been
the
cause
,
upon
the
first
report
thereof
left
Languedoc
,
and
made
all
the
haste
he
could
into
Provence
,
to
apply
,
if
possible
,
some
remedy
in
this
untoward
posture
of
Affairs
;
though
all
he
could
do
at
his
return
,
was
only
to
stop
the
Gangreen
from
going
further
,
The
Duke
returns
into
Provence
.
and
to
keep
the
Province
from
a
general
revolt
:
yet
either
not
believing
,
or
not
seeming
to
believe
,
that
his
Majesties
Order
was
in
any
of
these
transactions
,
he
began
to
prepare
himself
to
recover
by
force
of
Arms
,
what
by
treachery
and
surprize
had
been
taken
from
him
,
when
finding
his
Friends
and
Followers
startled
,
and
wavering
at
the
very
sound
of
the
Royal
Name
,
which
his
Enemies
had
made
use
of
in
all
their
designs
,
he
thought
it
necessary
,
before
he
fell
to
action
first
to
undeceive
them
,
and
to
clear
that
error
.
In
an
eloquent
Speech
therefore
he
briefly
laid
before
them
,
The
signal
Services
both
his
Brother
and
himself
had
done
for
the
King
in
the
conservation
of
that
Province
,
and
that
in
the
greatest
confusion
of
the
Kingdom
,
and
at
the
lowest
ebb
of
his
Majesties
Affairs
;
the
Obedience
he
had
manifested
to
all
his
Majesties
Orders
,
and
Commands
,
how
severe
soever
they
had
been
,
and
how
prejudicial
soever
to
his
own
private
Fortune
.
That
as
an
evidence
of
his
Duty
,
and
submission
to
his
Majesties
Royal
Pleasure
,
he
had
but
lately
surrendred
the
Fort
of
Aix
,
that
is
to
say
,
had
divested
himself
of
the
possession
of
that
fair
City
;
the
Conquest
of
which
,
was
,
by
their
Valours
made
certain
to
him
.
That
notwithstanding
so
many
,
and
so
recent
testimonies
of
his
Loyalty
and
Obedience
,
with
which
he
knew
his
Majesty
to
be
very
well
satisfied
,
his
Enemies
still
shrowding
their
malice
under
the
shadow
of
the
Royal
Name
,
the
better
to
effect
their
own
designs
,
had
debauch'd
,
and
reduc'd
from
him
most
of
the
places
he
had
lately
been
possess'd
of
.
That
this
affront
reflected
upon
them
,
indifferently
with
himself
,
since
it
had
been
with
their
Blood
,
together
with
his
Brothers
,
and
his
own
,
that
those
conquests
had
been
dearly
bought
.
That
therefore
the
injury
being
equal
both
to
him
,
and
them
,
he
hop'd
they
would
assist
to
revenge
them
,
and
to
maintain
his
Fortune
;
which
,
as
he
ow'd
it
in
part
to
their
Valour
,
so
did
he
not
so
passionately
desire
its
support
for
any
interest
of
his
own
,
as
to
have
means
thereby
to
shew
himself
grateful
to
those
who
had
been
constant
,
and
faithful
to
him
,
in
all
the
disgraces
he
had
fall'n
into
,
and
in
all
the
attempts
had
been
practis'd
against
him
.
His
Friends
being
by
this
short
speech
reassur'd
and
confirm'd
in
their
Fidelity
and
Obedience
,
and
having
thereupon
express'd
as
great
a
Devotion
to
his
Service
,
as
he
could
expect
from
men
who
had
long
been
affectionate
to
him
;
he
forthwith
took
the
Field
to
go
seek
out
l'
Esdiguieres
:
but
he
,
after
he
had
deliver'd
Aix
from
the
Fort
,
that
had
so
long
kept
them
in
subjection
,
and
clear'd
the
neighbouring
Campagne
by
the
revolt
he
had
procur'd
of
the
foremention'd
places
,
retir'd
into
his
Government
of
Dauphiné
,
without
engaging
himself
further
at
this
time
in
the
Affairs
of
Provence
;
by
whose
retreat
,
the
Duke
,
having
none
left
to
oppose
his
designs
,
seem'd
to
be
now
in
a
condition
not
only
to
redeem
his
late
losses
,
but
also
to
make
a
new
,
and
a
further
progress
into
the
Country
,
than
he
yet
had
done
;
and
doubtless
he
had
done
so
,
had
things
continued
in
this
posture
:
but
something
new
,
and
unforeseen
fell
out
,
which
gave
the
last
blow
to
the
ruine
of
his
Affairs
.
The
Duke
of
Guise
at
last
undeceiv'd
,
and
better
read
in
the
Spanish
artifice
,
which
had
so
long
abus'd
him
with
vain
proposions
of
Marriage
with
their
Infanta
so
soon
as
they
could
procure
his
Election
to
the
Crown
,
and
perceiving
also
the
declining
condition
of
the
League
,
which
every
day
went
less
in
reputation
,
was
in
the
end
,
with
his
Brothers
return'd
into
the
King's
Obedience
:
to
whom
his
Majesty
(
hoping
the
revolt
of
a
man
of
his
Authority
,
and
Condition
from
his
Enemies
Party
,
would
draw
the
greatest
part
of
those
who
had
set
up
their
rest
upon
the
Fortune
of
the
Duke
his
Father
,
over
to
his
own
)
had
granted
very
advantageous
conditions
;
and
be●ides
the
Cities
of
Rheims
,
Chalons
,
Rocroy
,
St.
Di●ier
,
Guise
,
and
other
places
,
which
had
formerly
been
settled
upon
his
Father
,
and
his
Uncles
,
conferr'd
particularly
the
Government
of
Provence
upon
him
.
The
Duke
of
Guise
made
Governour
of
Provence
.
The
Government
of
Champagne
had
formerly
been
in
the
possession
of
the
late
Duke
;
but
his
Majesty
,
having
since
his
advancement
to
the
Crown
,
gratified
the
Duke
of
Nevers
with
that
Office
,
he
rather
chose
to
dispossess
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
who
by
a
thousand
calumnies
had
been
rendred
suspected
to
him
,
than
to
di●oblige
the
Duke
of
Nevers
,
whom
himself
had
settled
in
that
trust
.
Neither
was
the
Duke
of
Guise
unsatisfied
with
the
exchange
,
who
(
besides
that
it
was
in
it self
at
least
equal
with
the
other
)
had
,
by
this
mutation
a
great
opportunity
,
under
the
shadow
of
the
Royal
Authority
,
to
depress
one
of
the
most
powerful
,
and
profess'd
enemies
of
his
House
,
and
Name
:
so
that
well
pleas'd
with
his
new
Employment
,
he
only
waited
his
Majesties
order
to
begin
his
Journey
into
Provence
,
and
by
assistance
of
the
Royal
Arms
to
put
himself
into
possession
of
his
new
,
and
well
lik'd
of
charge
:
But
his
Majesty
who
had
much
rather
by
little
and
little
to
have
withdrawn
the
Duke
of
Espernon
from
thence
,
than
to
kindle
a
new
War
in
that
Country
,
and
so
soon
again
to
put
a
Sword
into
the
Duke
of
Guise's
hand
,
who
was
so
lately
return'd
into
his
obedience
,
had
first
try'd
the
way
of
negotiation
(
as
you
have
heard
)
and
after
made
use
of
Arms
under
the
conduct
of
Mounsieur
l'
Esdiguieres
;
by
which
various
ways
having
found
he
could
neither
reduce
the
Duke
by
reason
,
nor
so
depress
him
by
force
,
but
that
he
was
still
in
a
condition
there
long
to
subsist
,
he
at
last
took
a
resolution
to
put
an
end
to
the
work
,
and
to
effect
that
by
fine
force
,
which
he
saw
was
neither
by
Treaty
,
nor
by
indifferent
Forces
to
be
brought
about
.
His
Majesty
had
in
the
beginning
of
this
year
proclaim'd
a
War
with
the
King
of
Spain
,
which
notwithstanding
,
before
he
would
begin
,
or
advance
into
the
Enemies
Country
,
he
would
first
settle
his
own
Affairs
at
home
,
and
visit
some
parts
of
his
Kingdom
,
which
as
yet
he
had
never
seen
since
they
were
reduc'd
to
his
Obedience
,
by
his
presence
to
encourage
and
confirm
them
in
their
duty
to
him
;
of
which
the
City
of
Lyons
was
one
,
and
thither
it
was
,
that
his
Majesty
,
after
having
chas'd
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
out
of
Burgundy
,
repair'd
,
and
where
he
arriv'd
in
September
,
1595.
To
this
place
Mounsieur
de
l'
Esdiguieres
being
also
come
to
kiss
his
Majesties
Hand
,
and
to
give
him
an
accompt
of
the
Affairs
of
Provence
,
he
was
thither
follow'd
by
the
Deputies
of
that
Parliament
,
and
of
some
other
Cities
of
that
Province
,
in
hopes
that
under
his
countenance
,
and
Interest
at
Court
,
their
complaints
against
the
Duke
of
Espernon
would
be
the
better
heard
,
by
which
his
Majesty
being
tyr'd
,
vext
at
the
continuations
of
these
troubles
,
and
animated
against
the
Duke
by
the
reiterated
ill
Offices
of
his
enemies
,
fearing
also
that
the
ill
usage
the
Duke
had
receiv'd
from
them
,
might
during
his
rupture
with
Spain
,
provoke
him
to
joyn
with
the
Spaniard
,
so
as
to
receive
them
into
those
Garrisons
he
held
in
Provence
,
he
then
took
up
that
final
resolution
to
suppress
him
by
Force
,
and
by
Arms
to
reduce
him
to
his
Duty
.
Of
this
War
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
The
Duke
of
Guise
,
and
Mounsieur
l'
Esdiguieres
go
against
the
D●ke
of
Espernon
.
as
Governour
of
Provence
,
was
to
have
the
conduct
,
whom
nevertheless
his
Majesty
judging
too
young
to
manage
,
without
the
assistance
of
some
more
experienc'd
Captain
(
especially
having
to
do
with
the
Duke
of
Espernon
)
he
made
choice
of
Mounsieur
l'
Esdiguieres
for
that
purpose
,
by
the
title
of
Lieutenant
General
in
Provence
,
under
the
Duke
of
Guise
.
Neither
could
his
Majesty
have
made
choice
of
two
Captains
more
animated
against
the
Enemy
they
were
to
undertake
,
the
first
being
prompted
on
,
besides
the
interest
of
his
establishment
in
that
Province
,
by
the
antiquated
and
irreconcilable
hatred
of
his
Family
,
the
other
by
his
jealousie
already
mention'd
,
and
by
the
conscience
of
those
recent
injuries
the
Duke
had
receiv'd
at
his
hands
.
And
here
,
though
every
one
might
reasonably
conclude
that
this
torrent
of
Arms
was
likely
to
overwhelm
the
Duke
beyond
all
possible
evasion
,
or
recovery
,
yet
was
his
courage
,
and
assurance
no
less
eminent
in
this
,
than
it
had
been
in
other
occasions
of
this
nature
.
'T
is
true
that
he
had
discreetly
endeavour'd
to
divert
it
,
by
going
to
present
himself
before
the
King
at
Lyons
;
where
he
doubted
not
to
clear
those
Accusations
his
Enemies
had
so
falsly
contriv'd
,
and
so
maliciously
preferr'd
against
him
:
But
such
was
his
ill
fortune
,
that
he
met
intelligence
upon
the
way
,
which
assur'd
him
his
Majesty
was
suddenly
,
and
unexpec●edly
call'd
thence
into
Picardy
,
by
the
inroads
the
Condé
de
Fuentes
had
made
into
that
Province
,
and
by
the
danger
the
City
of
Cambray
was
in
,
which
at
this
time
was
closely
besieg'd
by
the
Spanish
Forces
:
So
that
he
was
constrain'd
to
return
back
into
Provence
,
not
without
extreme
affliction
to
see
his
Majesty
so
positively
bent
to
his
ruine
,
with
this
hope
nevertheless
,
that
time
would
at
last
justifie
his
intentions
,
especially
if
he
could
in
the
interim
maintain
his
Affairs
in
any
tolerable
condition
:
a
consideration
that
made
him
resolute
to
defend
his
declining
fortune
more
vigorously
than
ever
;
The
Duke
resolute
to
stand
upon
his
de●ence
.
yet
not
with
any
design
to
do
any
thing
contrary
to
his
Majesties
Service
,
but
with
an
intent
,
if
things
came
to
the
last
push
,
rather
to
make
a
voluntary
surrender
of
his
Government
into
his
Majesties
own
hands
▪
(
as
he
afterwards
did
)
than
to
suffer
himself
tamely
to
be
stript
of
it
,
by
his
mortal
,
and
implacable
Enemies
.
The
Army
design'd
against
him
entred
into
Provence
in
November
1595.
where
the
Duke
had
Friends
,
and
strong
Holds
enough
to
have
held
them
long
in
play
,
had
they
,
to
whose
●idelity
he
had
entrusted
the
chiefest
of
his
Castles
and
Towns
observ'd
the
Faith
they
had
sworn
unto
him
:
but
their
revolt
soon
made
him
understand
,
the
influence
of
the
Royal
Name
,
and
how
unhappy
a
thing
it
is
,
to
have
that
appear
against
a
man
,
how
innocent
soever
his
intentions
may
be
,
and
how
well
soever
dispos'd
to
his
Princes
Service
:
for
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
and
Mounsieur
de
l'
Esdiguieres
no
sooner
appear'd
in
Provence
,
but
that
there
was
a
contest
amongst
the
Duke's
greatest
Confidents
,
who
should
first
go
over
to
them
.
Amongst
these
the
Sieurs
de
Buous
Brothers
,
the
men
of
all
others
in
that
Country
to
whom
the
Duke
had
given
the
highest
testimonies
of
Honour
,
The
Duke
abandoned
by
most
of
his
friends
.
and
Friendship
,
were
the
first
who
forsook
him
,
and
who
,
besides
the
prejudice
they
did
him
by
their
ill
example
,
carried
over
with
them
the
two
Regiments
they
commanded
in
his
Army
,
which
was
no
little
blow
to
his
Affairs
in
a
time
when
it
was
no
easie
matter
for
him
to
raise
new
Forces
.
The
next
in
order
that
follow'd
this
vertuous
example
was
Ramefort
,
one
who
had
been
of
longest
acquaintance
,
and
intimacy
with
the
Duke
,
and
whom
he
in
his
time
of
favour
had
oblig'd
by
many
benefits
,
and
had
since
in
Provence
committed
Cisteron
,
one
of
the
chiefest
places
he
held
there
to
his
trust
.
This
man
nevertheless
no
sooner
knew
the
Duke
of
Guise
to
be
come
into
the
Country
,
but
that
he
sent
to
treat
with
him
about
the
surrender
of
the
place
,
upon
condition
that
he
should
still
contitinue
Governour
there
for
the
King
.
Peyroles
did
the
same
for
his
Garrison
of
Riez
,
he
continuing
still
Governour
of
the
place
,
to
be
held
,
and
maintain'd
for
the
time
to
come
,
in
his
Majesties
name
,
as
Cisteron
was
by
Ramefort
.
The
loss
of
these
two
places
having
infinitely
surpriz'd
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
who
by
this
carriage
plainly
saw
how
little
assurance
he
could
promise
to
himself
from
the
rest
of
his
Friends
,
he
began
to
apprehend
an
universal
Revolt
;
The
Duke
of
Espernon
enters
into
a
general
mistrust
of
all
his
followers
.
and
in
this
apprehension
,
scarce
knowing
any
more
in
whom
he
might
confide
,
or
whom
he
might
reasonably
suspect
,
he
chiefly
began
to
mistrust
the
fidelity
of
Mesplés
the
Governour
of
Tropés
,
one
of
the
principal
places
that
remain'd
in
his
power
,
and
in
which
upon
the
worst
of
accidents
he
thought
to
find
his
chiefest
refuge
,
and
safety
.
This
Gentleman
a
Bearnois
by
Birth
,
and
a
man
of
singular
Valour
,
had
,
by
his
gallant
behaviour
in
several
occasions
,
wrought
himself
much
into
the
Kings
opinion
,
and
esteem
;
from
whence
the
Duke
apprehending
(
perhaps
too
lightly
)
that
possibly
he
might
quit
his
Interests
,
to
be
allur'd
over
to
his
Enemies
side
by
the
sound
of
the
Royal
Name
,
he
resolv'd
to
remove
him
from
that
command
,
as
he
presently
did
;
and
that
,
as
he
conceiv'd
,
without
any
injury
,
or
offense
,
having
done
it
without
noise
,
or
giving
the
least
evidence
that
his
Faith
was
any
way
suspected
to
him
:
but
Mesplés
(
perhaps
glad
of
so
good
a
pretense
to
abandon
the
Duke
,
whose
Affairs
he
saw
daily
declining
)
taking
his
unjust
suspicion
for
the
highest
injury
,
and
the
removing
him
from
his
Government
for
the
greatest
Affront
and
Indignity
he
could
po●sibly
receive
,
resented
both
at
so
high
a
rate
,
that
from
that
time
forwards
he
became
one
of
his
most
violent
and
implacable
enemies
.
He
went
upon
the
very
instant
to
seek
out
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
where
being
arriv'd
,
he
immediately
put
himself
into
his
Service
,
and
having
long
commanded
in
St.
Tropés
,
and
at
leisure
consider'd
all
the
weaknesses
of
the
place
,
advis'd
the
Duke
presently
to
besiege
it
,
assuring
him
that
it
would
infallibly
be
taken
;
which
the
Duke
giving
credit
to
,
immediately
order'd
him
Men
,
and
Cannon
,
to
force
the
place
,
whilst
he
himself
went
upon
the
enterprize
of
Marselles
,
which
he
likewise
brought
to
a
fortunate
issue
.
This
Design
upon
St.
Tropés
had
like
to
have
occasioned
betwixt
these
two
Dukes
a
memorable
engagement
;
for
the
Duke
of
Espernon
not
being
able
to
suf●er
such
a
place
to
be
lost
,
without
endeavouring
at
least
to
relieve
it
,
had
suddenly
gather'd
together
all
the
Forces
he
could
make
thereabouts
to
that
purpose
;
but
all
those
amounting
to
no
more
,
than
about
some
300.
Light
Horse
,
60.
of
his
Guards
,
and
betwixt
four
or
five
hundred
Foot
,
he
was
like
to
do
no
great
execution
;
yet
was
he
resolute
,
notwithstanding
the
infinite
danger
,
to
have
made
a
brave
attempt
;
when
those
about
him
,
seeing
that
only
the
desperate
condition
of
his
Affairs
prompted
him
to
that
precipitous
resolution
,
not
only
disswaded
him
from
his
purpose
;
but
in
a
manner
constrain'd
him
to
think
of
making
his
retreat
:
In
which
also
the
danger
was
exceeding
great
;
for
St.
Tropés
being
but
four
Leagues
distant
from
Marselles
,
whilst
Mesplés
was
busie
about
this
petty
Siege
,
the
Duke
of
Guise
had
made
himself
Master
of
that
great
,
and
populous
City
;
where
,
having
a
good
Army
at
his
Devotion
,
and
receiving
intelligence
from
Mesplés
,
that
the
Duke
of
Espernon
was
with
a
very
inconsiderable
Party
about
St.
Tropés
,
he
made
with
all
possible
diligence
to
find
him
out
,
and
to
fight
him
.
As
the
Duke
of
Guise
was
advancing
with
this
Design
,
the
Duke
of
Espernon
was
upon
his
Retreat
,
which
(
that
craggy
and
mountainous
Country
affording
him
no
other
passage
)
he
was
forc'd
to
make
by
the
same
way
,
by
which
the
Duke
of
Guise
was
coming
against
him
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon's
Forlorn-Hope
was
that
day
led
by
St.
Andr●e
,
who
,
so
soon
as
he
discover'd
the
Enemy
,
gave
the
Duke
present
notice
thereof
;
who
,
not
so
much
as
dreaming
of
any
such
Encounter
,
was
a
little
surpriz'd
,
and
in
some
perplexity
,
what
course
he
had
best
to
take
.
His
design
before
was
to
have
refresh'd
his
men
in
the
Village
Du
Val
;
but
that
being
now
possess'd
by
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
and
he
not
being
in
a
condition
to
dislodge
him
,
who
was
much
stronger
than
himself
,
he
was
forc'd
to
lay
aside
his
thoughts
of
repose
,
and
to
think
of
a
speedy
retreat
.
Neither
was
this
without
great
difficulty
to
be
effected
,
there
being
no
place
near
he
expected
should
receive
him
,
and
the
Enemy
being
already
in
sight
.
In
which
general
confusion
and
astonishment
,
a
Souldier
of
the
Country
who
was
then
with
the
Duke
,
advis'd
him
to
retire
towards
Berjau
,
undertaking
himself
at
the
same
time
,
to
be
his
Guide
.
Berjau
was
a
little
Town
in
the
Duke's
possession
,
but
it
was
four
long
Leagues
from
the
place
where
they
then
were
,
and
the
River
Argence
was
betwixt
them
and
it
,
which
was
no
where
passable
but
at
Pont
de
Carces
,
the
Lord
of
which
was
no
friend
to
the
Duke
,
as
may
be
gather'd
from
what
has
gone
before
:
Yet
was
the
Souldier's
proposition
nevertheless
embrac'd
(
for
in
extreme
necessities
and
dangers
,
the
first
Counsels
whatever
they
be
are
commonly
accepted
)
the
Guide
therefore
put
himself
in
the
Front
,
and
the
Duke
followed
after
,
leaving
the
Baron
d'
Ars
,
and
Miran
to
bring
up
the
Rear
.
In
the
mean
time
the
Duke
of
Guise
advertis'd
,
by
the
Avant-Coureurs
of
his
Army
,
that
the
Duke
of
Espernon
was
so
near
,
made
all
the
haste
he
could
to
overtake
him
;
which
notwithstanding
he
could
not
so
suddenly
do
,
but
that
the
Duke
had
already
pass'd
the
River
without
difficulty
,
or
danger
,
which
the
Duke
of
Guise
perceiving
,
and
attempting
to
follow
after
,
that
he
might
engage
him
before
he
could
put
his
men
into
order
,
A
Skirmish
betwixt
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
and
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
was
receiv'd
on
the
Duke's
part
by
a
counterfeit
charge
,
which
was
put
so
briskly
home
,
that
the
Duke
of
Guise's
Forces
,
who
were
not
half
got
over
the
Bridge
,
astonish'd
at
so
unexpected
a
resistance
,
fell
foul
upon
one
another
,
in
which
confusion
above
thirty
Troopers
threw
themselves
headlong
for
fear
into
the
River
,
and
were
there
drown'd
,
some
also
were
slain
;
and
certainly
had
the
Duke
engag'd
with
all
his
Forces
,
he
had
put
Mounsieur
de
Guise
into
a
very
great
disorder
:
but
he
conceiving
he
had
nothing
more
to
do
,
than
to
make
good
his
own
retreat
,
thought
it
sufficient
by
charging
,
and
amusing
the
Enemies
Van
,
to
win
time
for
those
few
Foot
he
had
to
get
the
start
;
wherein
if
the
Duke
committed
an
oversight
,
Mounsieur
de
Guise
committed
afterwards
a
greater
;
when
after
this
little
skirmish
,
having
without
opposition
march'd
over
the
rest
of
his
Army
,
it
had
been
no
hard
matter
for
him
,
had
he
made
any
haste
,
to
have
overtaken
the
Duke
,
who
march'd
no
faster
than
a
trot
;
whilst
following
leisurely
after
,
without
pressing
him
to
fight
,
he
gave
him
leave
to
make
his
retreat
in
great
security
without
the
loss
of
any
,
save
some
few
of
his
worst
mounted
men
.
Thus
the
Duke
of
Espernon
lost
at
once
both
the
Town
of
St.
Tropés
,
which
was
a
very
good
one
,
and
the
Governour
,
who
was
a
Gentleman
of
great
worth
and
merit
;
the
one
by
the
prevailing
Arms
of
▪
his
Enemies
,
and
the
other
perhaps
by
his
own
fault
:
he
was
at
least
condemn'd
by
his
Friends
,
and
Servants
,
for
entring
upon
too
light
grounds
into
a
jealousie
of
this
Gentleman's
faith
:
And
certainly
if
ever
we
should
make
head
against
our
diffidences
,
and
mistrusts
,
it
ought
chiefly
to
be
,
when
we
most
labour
under
affliction
and
disgrace
;
every
thing
at
those
times
being
suspected
to
us
,
and
our
judgments
,
weakned
by
grief
and
disaster
,
being
then
most
apt
to
be
impos'd
upon
by
the
lightest
impressions
.
After
the
taking
in
of
these
places
,
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
l'
Esdiguieres
,
the
Count
de
Carces
,
and
the
other
Chiefs
of
the
Enemies
Army
retir'd
themselves
to
Aix
,
there
to
deliberate
about
the
Affairs
of
Provence
,
and
of
the
means
by
which
they
were
to
work
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
absolute
,
and
final
ruine
.
He
had
at
this
time
upon
his
hands
at
once
the
Duke
of
Savoy
,
All
things
averse
to
the
Duke
in
Provence
.
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
the
League
,
l'
Esdiguieres
,
Ornano
,
the
Provencials
,
and
(
which
was
of
more
dangerous
consequence
than
all
these
known
,
and
declared
Enemies
)
his
own
Friends
and
Followers
were
wavering
and
uncertain
to
him
:
yet
,
as
if
all
these
,
who
were
all
men
of
great
quality
,
and
many
of
them
of
great
interest
,
and
reputation
in
the
Country
,
had
been
too
few
to
do
his
business
,
a
wretched
Fellow
,
bred
from
the
Lees
of
the
common
people
,
obscure
,
and
of
no
name
till
then
,
would
likewise
put
his
helping
hand
to
the
work
;
who
alone
,
and
contemptible
,
as
he
was
,
put
the
Duke
into
more
manifest
danger
of
his
life
,
than
so
many
,
and
so
powerful
enemies
arm'd
,
and
confederated
to
his
ruine
,
as
yet
had
ever
done
.
His
name
was
Bartholomew
Bigne
.
a
native
of
the
fore-mentioned
Village
du
Val
,
and
a
near
neighbour
to
Brignoles
;
whither
the
Duke
having
retir'd
himself
after
the
loss
of
the
before-mention'd
places
,
and
having
there
assembled
all
his
Forces
together
,
to
make
head
against
whatever
new
attempts
might
be
preparing
against
him
;
A
Plot
against
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
life
.
this
cursed
Villain
,
who
had
never
received
any
particular
injury
from
the
Duke
,
but
meerly
prompted
on
by
the
malignity
of
his
own
nature
,
and
a
national
hatred
against
him
,
having
long
deliberated
by
what
way
he
might
infallibly
destroy
the
Duke
,
bethought
himself
at
last
of
this
impious
,
and
abominable
mischief
.
He
shut
up
in
two
Chests
three
Quintals
of
Powder
,
A
Quintal
is
an
hundred
weight
.
to
purchase
which
he
had
laid
out
all
the
mony
he
had
,
or
could
procure
;
and
having
observ'd
the
place
where
the
Duke
usually
kneeled
at
Mass
in
the
Church
of
Brignoles
,
he
entreated
the
Curate
thereof
to
give
him
leave
to
bring
the
two
Chests
into
his
Church
,
wherein
he
pretended
he
had
lock'd
up
the
best
of
his
Goods
,
to
preserve
them
from
the
hands
of
the
Souldier
:
which
the
Curate
readily
promis'd
him
he
should
,
provided
he
might
first
search
them
,
to
see
what
they
contain'd
:
but
Bigne
finding
that
to
be
a
condition
,
that
by
no
means
suited
with
his
Design
,
left
off
the
Curate
,
and
seeing
some
other
way
was
to
be
found
out
to
bring
his
purpose
to
pass
,
fell
to
hammering
out
new
projects
;
which
were
the
less
hard
for
him
to
contrive
,
by
how
much
the
same
evil
spirit
,
who
had
suggested
to
him
the
heart
,
and
boldness
to
meditate
so
great
a
wickedness
,
was
now
also
ready
to
prompt
his
invention
,
and
to
instruct
him
how
to
execute
his
execrable
purpose
by
a
new
way
,
where
his
first
design
had
fail'd
.
Out
of
hopes
then
of
effecting
his
business
in
the
Church
,
he
by
the
means
of
the
Mistriss
of
the
House
where
the
Duke
lay
,
and
with
whom
Bigne
had
been
formerly
acquainted
,
wriggles
himself
into
the
company
of
the
Duke's
Baker
,
and
in
discourse
offers
him
three
Sacks
of
Corn
to
sell
,
where
betwixt
them
the
Bargain
was
soon
strook
up
,
and
that
being
done
,
the
Traytor
losing
no
time
,
the
next
day
brings
his
three
Sacks
to
the
Duke's
Lodgings
,
about
the
time
he
was
to
come
from
Mass
,
and
to
go
to
dinner
,
and
sets
them
in
a
little
place
under
the
Chamber
where
the
Duke
us'd
to
eat
.
Where
after
he
had
dispos'd
them
as
he
thought
most
conveniently
for
the
execution
they
were
to
do
,
he
goes
to
seek
out
the
Baker
to
come
look
upon
his
Bargain
.
In
every
one
of
these
Sacks
he
had
put
an
hundred
pound
of
powder
,
with
only
a
little
Corn
at
the
mouth
to
serve
for
shew
,
that
if
by
chance
the
first
Sack
that
was
open'd
should
fail
of
its
effect
,
no
discovery
might
be
made
of
the
Treason
;
but
that
they
might
go
to
the
next
.
Amongst
the
powder
in
every
Sack
he
had
convey'd
the
wheel-lock
of
a
Pistol
,
ready
wound
up
,
and
tyed
to
the
string
of
the
Sack
,
after
such
a
manner
,
that
it
was
impossible
to
open
any
one
without
pulling
down
the
spring
that
was
fastned
to
the
Cord
,
and
giving
fire
to
the
powder
;
the
three
Sacks
also
were
set
so
near
to
one
another
,
that
any
one
of
them
taking
fire
,
the
others
would
also
blow
up
,
and
so
the
three
Quintals
of
Powder
must
infallibly
play
at
once
.
Things
being
thus
order'd
,
Bigne
waits
near
to
the
Duke's
Lodging
,
untill
he
was
come
in
,
and
had
the
patience
to
stay
till
he
saw
him
set
down
to
dinner
;
when
having
him
now
in
the
Trap
,
and
that
the
Duke
,
as
he
thought
,
could
not
possibly
escape
,
he
then
went
to
seek
out
the
Baker
,
to
make
him
at
once
the
Traitor
,
and
the
betrayed
,
and
the
innocent
instrument
of
his
own
,
and
his
Master's
ruine
.
The
poor
Baker
was
not
hard
to
be
found
,
at
a
time
of
the
day
when
usually
all
the
Duke's
domesticks
met
together
;
so
that
having
presently
met
him
,
Bigne
goes
along
with
him
to
the
Mistriss
of
the
house
,
desiring
her
to
open
the
door
where
the
Corn
stood
;
which
she
accordingly
doing
,
and
he
seeing
things
now
brought
to
that
pass
,
that
the
effect
was
,
as
it
were
inevitable
,
himself
insensibly
,
and
unobserv'd
slips
out
of
the
House
,
and
got
into
the
Fields
,
making
with
all
diligence
for
Aix
.
The
Baker
in
the
mean
time
,
with
two
young
fellows
that
belong'd
to
him
in
his
Office
,
went
to
visit
the
Sacks
,
where
going
to
untye
the
first
,
he
had
scarce
toucht
the
string
,
but
he
was
immediately
consum'd
by
the
devouring
flame
:
Neither
did
his
men
escape
any
better
;
and
the
violence
of
the
powder
was
so
great
,
that
it
blew
up
the
floor
where
the
Duke
sat●
at
dinner
,
with
the
story
above
it
,
the
roof
of
the
house
only
remaining
firm
.
All
those
who
were
above
with
the
Duke
,
were
blown
up
to
the
roof
,
and
thence
tumbling
headlong
to
the
foundation
,
were
many
of
them
crush'd
to
pieces
under
the
ruines
,
the
Duke
only
by
a
miracle
of
Fortune
remaining
still
sitting
,
and
upright
in
the
midst
of
this
subversion
;
for
his
Chair
being
plac'd
upon
a
great
Beam
that
butted
upon
the
Chimney
of
the
Chamber
,
and
the
fire
not
having
force
enough
to
blow
up
that
,
which
at
both
ends
was
strongly
fastned
into
the
Wall
,
The
Duke
's
wonderf●l
escape
.
the
flame
only
burnt
his
hair
,
and
his
beard
,
without
any
further
harm
to
his
person
.
That
which
hindred
the
powder
from
doing
greater
execution
,
and
from
blowing
up
the
whole
house
,
as
in
all
probability
it
was
like
to
do
,
was
,
that
the
Windows
being
all
open
,
the
flame
found
a
passage
that
way
,
and
by
that
lost
much
of
its
force
within
;
otherwise
the
house
,
and
all
within
,
had
certainly
been
tost
into
the
Aire
,
and
consum'd
in
a
moment
.
Bigne
,
who
from
without
the
Town
had
seen
his
mine
play
,
believing
the
effect
to
be
infallibly
such
,
as
he
had
propos'd
to
himself
,
ran
in
all
hast
to
Aix
to
carry
the
news
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
certain
death
to
the
Duke
of
Guise
;
to
whom
withal
he
declared
at
large
the
whole
circumstance
of
his
design
,
not
without
the
amazement
and
horror
of
all
that
heard
him
,
that
any
man
could
be
guilty
of
so
barbarous
and
inhumane
a
fact
.
As
for
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
he
was
a
man
so
well
prepar'd
beforehand
against
all
the
accidents
of
fortune
,
that
he
soon
recover'd
the
astonishment
this
surprize
had
put
him
into
;
and
doubting
it
might
be
a
stratagem
of
the
Enemy
in
the
disorder
,
and
confusion
,
that
must
necessarily
attend
so
sudden
a
mischief
,
to
make
himself
Master
of
the
place
,
made
all
the
Souldiers
he
had
in
the
Town
immediately
to
repair
to
their
Arms
;
whilst
himself
mounted
on
Horseback
,
and
attended
by
some
Gentlemen
his
friends
,
went
to
visit
the
several
Posts
of
the
City
,
to
see
that
all
was
quiet
there
:
where
having
found
all
things
right
within
,
and
that
nothing
of
suspicion
appear'd
from
without
,
it
must
of
necessity
be
concluded
that
the
mischief
arose
,
and
that
the
Conspiracy
must
have
been
made
within
the
Walls
of
his
own
Lodgings
.
Diligent
search
was
there
therefore
presently
made
,
and
the
woman
of
the
house
examin'd
,
who
ingenuously
confess'd
the
bargain
about
the
Corn
betwixt
Bigne
and
the
Baker
by
her
means
:
whereupon
they
desir'd
to
see
the
place
where
the
Sacks
had
been
set
,
but
there
was
neither
Sacks
,
nor
the
men
who
had
open'd
them
to
be
seen
,
the
fire
having
so
consum'd
them
,
that
scarcely
their
bones
could
be
found
.
They
then
sent
to
Bigne's
house
,
who
was
fled
,
and
his
house
left
void
,
his
Goods
and
Family
being
remov'd
to
Aix
the
night
before
:
So
that
no
further
doubt
being
to
be
made
of
the
Author
of
the
Fact
,
the
Duke's
heart
began
to
be
at
rest
;
which
before
was
a
little
unquiet
with
the
suspicion
,
that
some
of
his
own
people
might
have
had
a
hand
in
the
Plot.
Some
who
have
made
reflections
upon
the
Duke's
life
,
and
the
many
Accidents
by
which
it
had
often
been
brought
into
extreme
danger
(
which
were
at
least
as
many
as
any
other
great
mans
of
his
time
)
have
sometimes
drawn
the
several
hazards
he
has
run
,
Reflections
upon
the
several
dangers
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
life
.
into
comparison
with
one
another
,
as
he
himself
amongst
his
private
friends
(
so
pleasant
is
the
memory
of
dangers
past
)
upon
occasion
delighted
to
do
;
though
he
ever
declar'd
the
conspiracy
of
Angoulesme
,
to
be
the
greatest
peril
he
had
ever
been
in
;
next
to
which
he
plac'd
that
of
Corbie
,
where
he
confest
his
fear
to
have
been
much
greater
,
than
in
the
former
,
though
the
business
never
arriv'd
at
that
degree
of
danger
,
that
was
manifest
in
the
other
accidents
of
his
life
.
As
for
the
precipice
of
Lyons
,
the
Cannon-shot
before
Aix
,
and
the
Mine
of
Brignoles
but
now
mention'd
,
though
he
acknowledg'd
his
danger
in
all
those
to
have
been
extreme
,
and
that
in
all
apperance
,
it
was
hardly
possible
he
could
escape
;
yet
the
suddenness
of
them
took
away
the
sense
,
and
his
good
fortune
,
opportunely
interposing
betwixt
him
and
those
mortal
accidents
,
prevented
his
apprehension
,
and
gave
him
no
time
to
fear
;
whereas
in
the
other
two
,
he
had
had
leisure
to
see
his
approaching
ruine
,
and
death
coming
upon
him
in
all
his
ugly
shapes
,
especially
in
the
business
of
Angoulesme
,
which
he
could
not
consider
as
one
,
but
a
concatenation
of
many
,
and
those
mortal
dangers
,
that
succeeded
one
another
for
above
forty
hours
together
.
At
this
very
time
,
Anno
1596.
and
in
the
height
of
these
untoward
occurrences
,
Mounsieur
d'
Ossat
,
since
Cardinal
(
a
person
equally
to
be
commended
for
the
integrity
of
his
life
,
and
the
excellency
of
his
learning
)
writ
very
bitter
things
to
the
prejudice
of
the
Duke's
Loyalty
and
Honour
;
which
,
though
by
the
care
of
some
of
the
Duke's
Friends
,
they
were
supprest
in
the
first
impression
of
his
Book
;
yet
having
since
been
added
in
a
particular
sheet
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon
traduc'd
by
the
Cardinal
d'
Oss●t
.
I
think
my self
oblig'd
not
to
suffer
the
publick
to
be
impos'd
upon
by
so
gross
calumnies
,
and
that
it
is
my
duty
to
interpose
the
truth
in
the
Duke's
defense
.
This
Prelate
then
,
after
having
writ
favourably
enough
to
the
King
concerning
the
Duke
,
in
his
Letter
of
the
22.
of
December
,
1594.
that
having
given
Pope
Clement
the
VIII
.
an
account
of
all
things
his
Majesty
had
given
him
in
charge
concerning
Mounsieur
de
Guise
,
and
the
Government
of
Provence
,
his
Holiness
sighing
,
replyed
,
And
what
will
they
do
with
the
Duke
of
Espernon
?
In
another
Letter
notwithstanding
to
Secretary
Villeroy
,
bearing
date
the
17.
of
Ianuary
,
1596
,
writes
thus
,
Marselles
puts
me
in
mind
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
concerning
whom
they
write
from
Lyons
,
that
after
the
taking
of
Cisteron
,
he
has
sent
to
the
King
to
make
a
tender
of
his
submission
,
and
obedience
:
but
they
do
not
know
that
at
the
same
time
he
he
sent
to
Turin
to
the
Duke
of
Savoy
,
and
to
Milan
to
the
Constable
of
Castile
,
of
whom
he
had
obtain'd
6000.
Crowns
,
that
is
to
say
,
5000.
down
,
with
which
his
Agents
buy
Horses
,
and
Arms
at
Milan
,
and
55000
more
by
Bill
of
Exchange
to
be
return'd
at
Genoa
;
which
is
said
to
be
two
months
advance
of
30000.
Crowns
a
month
,
given
him
by
the
Crown
of
Spain
,
for
being
a
good
Frenchman
,
as
he
writes
into
these
parts
,
he
will
be
so
long
as
he
has
life
,
causing
it
to
be
reported
that
the
mony
he
receives
at
Milan
is
mony
of
his
own
,
that
he
has
there
in
Bank
;
as
if
even
to
have
a
Bank
of
mony
in
a
Town
belonging
to
the
King
of
Spain
,
and
to
think
it
there
secure
,
were
not
a
sign
of
no
very
good
Frenchman
.
There
has
been
a
rumor
in
these
parts
for
some
days
that
he
has
promis'd
Boulogne
to
the
Spaniard
,
&c.
Thus
writes
the
Cardinal
d'
Ossat
,
with
many
other
things
of
the
like
injurious
nature
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon
saw
all
these
invectives
as
soon
almost
as
they
appear'd
in
Print
,
and
though
in
his
own
nature
he
was
a
man
not
much
enclin'd
to
Books
;
yet
the
quality
of
the
Author
having
given
a
great
reputation
to
this
,
he
had
a
great
desire
to
see
it
,
when
,
having
it
brought
before
him
,
and
the
place
being
turn'd
unto
wherein
he
himself
was
concern'd
,
it
could
not
be
perceiv'd
that
he
was
at
all
mov'd
at
the
many
reproaches
he
there
found
against
him
:
but
on
the
contrary
was
so
moderate
and
calm
as
to
say
,
That
he
could
by
no
means
blame
the
Cardinal
d'
Ossat
for
what
he
had
written
;
and
that
being
employ'd
,
as
he
was
,
by
the
King
in
the
most
weighty
Affairs
of
the
Court
of
Rome
,
he
had
done
no
more
,
than
his
duty
in
giving
his
Majesty
a
faithful
accompt
of
what
ever
was
reported
to
him
:
That
he
knew
very
well
many
others
at
the
same
time
talk'd
of
him
at
the
same
rate
,
some
out
of
spleen
,
and
others
perhaps
out
of
a
belief
the
common
bruit
his
Enemies
had
spread
amongst
the
people
had
begot
in
them
:
but
that
neither
the
one
nor
the
other
said
true
.
That
indeed
the
King
of
Spain
,
the
Duke
of
Savoy
,
and
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
(
measuring
his
discontents
by
the
provocations
he
had
received
)
had
all
of
them
often
sent
to
him
,
the
first
to
offer
him
his
protection
,
and
the
two
last
their
friendship
and
alliance
.
That
he
had
been
solicited
by
a
Religious
of
the
Order
of
St.
Francis
on
the
behalf
of
the
King
of
Spain
,
by
a
woman
of
quality
,
the
world
believ'd
had
a
great
interest
in
him
,
from
the
Duke
of
Savoy
,
and
by
the
Abbot
of
Cornac
,
since
Abbot
of
Ville-Loin
,
a
man
of
great
dexterity
,
and
prudence
,
from
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
:
but
he
dedeclar'd
,
and
bound
it
with
an
Oath
,
that
he
had
never
hearken'd
to
any
such
practice
;
That
in
truth
,
seeing
himself
press'd
by
his
own
particular
enemies
under
the
King's
Authority
,
and
in
his
name
,
and
that
alone
he
could
not
long
be
able
to
make
a
head
against
them
,
he
had
sometimes
been
in
suspense
what
he
should
do
;
and
a
little
tempted
by
the
advantageous
conditions
these
Princes
had
offer'd
to
him
:
but
that
notwithstanding
his
Fidelity
,
and
Duty
,
had
ever
so
stoutly
oppos'd
his
Interest
,
and
Passion
,
that
he
rather
chose
to
surrender
his
Right
to
the
Government
of
Provence
,
and
(
which
was
far
more
insupportable
unto
him
)
to
quit
the
Field
to
his
Enemies
,
than
to
make
a
longer
resistance
,
by
joyning
himself
with
Parties
,
and
Factions
,
contrary
to
his
Majesties
Service
,
and
Interest
.
All
which
in
the
end
he
made
so
evident
,
that
I
cannot
but
admire
,
after
so
manifest
a
justification
by
his
Actions
,
any
body
could
be
so
unjust
,
as
to
tax
him
with
any
intelligence
with
Spain
.
To
fortifie
which
so
odious
a
Calumny
,
they
ought
at
least
to
have
prov'd
,
that
he
had
receiv'd
from
thence
,
or
by
their
means
,
some
kind
of
Assistance
in
his
Affairs
;
by
whom
had
he
been
secretly
favour'd
,
would
they
have
husbanded
their
favour
so
ill
,
〈◊〉
not
to
have
drawn
from
him
some
effectual
acknowledgement
,
and
return
,
by
the
giving
up
some
one
at
least
of
those
places
in
his
custody
into
their
hands
?
The
same
Cardinal
says
that
he
had
promis'd
them
Boulogne
,
though
it
was
plain
enough
afterwards
,
how
far
he
was
from
any
such
purpose
;
that
he
had
receiv'd
mony
from
Spain
,
and
that
he
pretended
for
his
excuse
,
it
came
out
of
his
own
Bank
at
Milan
,
where
himself
had
before
laid
it
up
;
and
that
the
one
,
and
the
other
were
almost
equally
criminal
:
which
were
it
true
,
no
one
could
deny
it
to
be
a
Crime
.
But
to
answer
to
this
point
,
I
would
fain
know
what
he
did
contrary
to
his
Majesties
Service
,
after
he
receiv'd
this
mony
;
and
whether
he
was
afterwards
observ'd
to
favour
that
Faction
more
than
before
?
No
,
it
was
so
much
otherwise
,
that
almost
at
the
very
same
time
the
Cardinal
sent
this
intelligence
against
him
,
he
went
in
person
to
the
King
,
where
he
put
himself
into
his
Majesties
hands
,
without
Article
,
or
Reservation
,
to
be
absolutely
at
his
disposal
.
Would
the
Spaniard
have
been
thus
tamely
cheated
of
his
mony
,
without
speaking
,
had
he
parted
with
such
a
Sum
?
would
he
not
have
publish'd
to
all
the
world
the
Duke's
infidelity
,
and
unhandsome
carriage
?
and
would
he
not
at
least
have
seiz'd
upon
that
Bank
,
the
Cardinal
d'
Ossat
writes
of
at
Milan
,
for
his
reimbursement
?
Others
have
further
added
,
that
the
Duke
had
a
design
to
take
this
opportunity
of
the
Kingdoms
distraction
,
to
make
himself
a
Sovereign
Prince
in
Provence
:
but
let
any
one
consider
,
whether
after
having
conceiv'd
so
unjust
,
and
so
unruly
an
ambition
,
he
would
not
betimes
,
and
before
he
had
proceeded
to
matter
of
Fact
,
Other
Calumnies
against
the
Duke
.
have
fortified
himself
by
a
correspondency
,
and
intelligence
with
Foreign
Princes
,
to
have
justified
his
usurpation
?
or
whether
,
in
common
discretion
,
he
would
not
have
confederated
himself
with
those
Factions
at
home
that
already
brav'd
the
lawful
Authority
?
Yet
is
it
most
true
,
and
it
was
evident
to
all
the
world
,
that
instead
of
doing
the
one
,
or
the
other
,
he
fought
with
all
the
power
he
had
,
and
maintain'd
the
sharpest
War
he
could
possibly
maintain
,
both
against
the
Duke
of
Savoy
,
though
back'd
with
the
Spanish
Forces
,
and
also
against
the
League
,
of
it self
sufficient
to
have
amaz'd
man
of
less
conduct
and
resolution
.
It
is
very
true
,
that
he
would
fain
have
kept
,
and
maintain'd
his
Government
of
Provence
against
all
pretenders
,
had
it
stood
with
the
Kings
good
liking
;
and
that
he
was
the
longer
before
he
could
perswade
himself
to
give
it
up
,
hoping
at
some
time
or
other
,
that
his
Majesty
reflecting
upon
his
Services
,
might
think
him
as
worthy
as
any
of
that
Command
:
but
at
last
,
finding
his
expectation
vain
,
and
all
he
could
do
,
or
say
,
ineffectual
to
the
procuring
of
his
Royal
Consent
,
he
rather
chose
to
quit
claim
to
a
Title
his
Majesty
would
not
be
prevail'd
with
to
approve
,
than
by
a
longer
obstinacy
to
oppo●●
his
Masters
pleasure
to
the
prejudice
of
his
own
duty
.
Some
who
can
endure
no
truths
,
but
such
as
are
couch'd
in
the
worst
Characters
,
and
that
call
all
things
flattery
,
which
are
not
offence
,
may
perhaps
think
me
too
zealous
in
the
Duke's
justification
:
but
let
such
,
before
they
too
liberally
determine
,
examine
the
Arguments
I
have
us'd
in
his
behalf
,
whether
there
be
in
them
any
thing
forc'd
,
or
uneasie
to
an
unbyas'd
judgment
,
or
whether
any
thing
can
be
contradicted
in
all
I
have
said
.
It
has
been
an
observation
(
almost
to
a
rule
)
that
the
lives
of
great
Favourites
have
ever
been
the
objects
of
the
hatred
,
and
envy
of
their
own
times
;
an
injustice
that
descending
upon
the
Duke
,
not
only
in
the
usual
forms
of
Calumny
,
but
in
an
extraordinary
stile
,
and
with
greater
demonstrations
of
malice
to
him
,
and
his
reputation
,
than
to
any
other
of
this
,
or
of
almost
any
other
time
before
him
,
I
thought
it
a
duty
to
truth
,
to
him
,
and
to
posterity
(
now
that
time
has
laid
open
the
falsity
of
those
slanders
,
that
have
been
publish'd
against
him
)
to
discover
the
true
causes
,
and
reasons
why
he
so
long
persisted
in
the
defence
of
his
Government
;
and
as
far
as
I
am
able
,
at
least
to
rescue
those
actions
from
obloquy
,
which
all
disinterested
,
and
worthy
men
will
,
upon
mature
deliberation
,
think
worthy
of
all
commendation
and
honour
.
A
design
,
which
as
I
have
impartially
undertaken
,
so
have
I
not
herein
made
use
of
my
own
Arguments
but
only
made
a
faithful
report
of
what
I
have
learn'd
from
the
most
unsuspected
testimony
,
gather'd
out
of
the
best
Historians
,
or
receiv'd
from
the
Duke
's
own
mouth
,
who
must
of
necessity
know
the
truth
as
well
as
any
,
and
much
better
than
those
who
writ
at
random
of
affairs
:
Neither
do
I
apprehend
why
,
what
he
himself
reported
for
the
justification
of
those
actions
which
were
so
unhappily
interpreted
should
not
be
of
as
good
authority
for
him
,
as
what
was
publish'd
to
his
prejudice
by
men
who
were
profestly
haters
of
his
Person
,
and
apparently
emulous
of
his
Name
,
and
Fortune
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon
,
rejecting
all
offers
from
Savoy
,
Spain
,
and
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
submits
himself
to
the
King
.
having
(
as
has
been
said
)
rejected
all
propositions
made
him
by
those
who
were
enemies
to
the
King
,
would
accept
of
no
other
protection
,
than
what
he
expected
from
his
Majesties
Justice
,
and
Bounty
,
however
incens'd
against
him
.
In
which
resolution
having
set
up
his
rest
,
he
dispatch'd
away
Guez
his
principal
Secretary
to
the
King
,
to
carry
him
an
assurance
of
his
Fidelity
,
and
Obedience
;
who
being
arriv'd
at
Court
,
was
presented
to
his
Majesty
by
the
Marquiss
de
Roquelaure
;
a
man
who
in
the
Duke's
severest
persecution
,
and
when
the
tongue
of
calumny
was
most
bitter
against
him
,
had
ever
preserv'd
for
him
a
most
entire
,
and
constant
Friendship
,
and
who
had
made
no
difficulty
in
his
Majesties
greatest
Passions
(
a
time
of
all
other
the
most
dangerous
to
dispute
with
Princes
)
to
justifie
,
and
undertake
for
his
Friends
integrity
,
and
to
uphold
his
interest
with
an
admirable
,
and
never
enough
to
be
commended
constancy
.
Guez
then
was
by
him
no
sooner
brought
into
the
Kings
presence
,
than
his
Majesty
with
a
stern
look
presently
told
him
,
that
if
himself
to
whom
he
was
sent
had
no
greater
a
kindness
for
him
,
than
his
Master
had
,
who
had
sent
him
,
he
should
that
hour
cause
his
head
to
be
struck
from
his
shoulders
,
and
that
he
much
wonder'd
a
man
of
sense
,
as
he
was
,
durst
come
to
him
from
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
whom
he
himself
knew
very
well
to
hold
intelligence
with
his
Enemies
:
To
which
Guez
,
who
was
very
well
assur'd
of
the
contrary
,
reply'd
,
that
he
would
willingly
submit
to
the
punishment
his
Majesty
was
pleas'd
to
threaten
,
if
the
Duke
was
guilty
of
those
things
whereof
he
stood
accus'd
:
and
that
he
came
to
his
Majesty
on
the
behalf
of
a
Loyal
Subject
,
his
most
humble
,
and
faithful
Servant
,
who
had
rather
chosen
to
depend
upon
his
Majesties
Grace
,
and
Favour
,
and
to
throw
himself
at
his
feet
without
condition
,
than
to
accept
of
the
most
advantageous
offers
,
could
by
his
Majesties
Enemies
be
propos'd
unto
him
.
After
which
the
King
having
ask'd
him
if
he
might
rely
upon
his
word
,
and
Guez
having
by
many
protestations
confirm'd
,
what
he
before
had
said
,
his
Majesty
resolv'd
to
receive
the
Duke
into
his
favour
,
and
a
few
days
after
dispatch'd
away
Mounsieur
de
Roquelaure
himself
,
the
Duke's
most
intimate
Friend
,
to
give
him
assurance
,
that
he
might
with
all
freedom
come
to
Court
,
where
from
his
Majesty
he
should
receive
all
the
satisfaction
he
could
expect
,
or
desire
,
The
Duke
,
without
insisting
upon
greater
precaution
,
or
other
security
,
than
what
he
found
in
his
own
Conscience
,
took
his
journey
to
Court
,
and
that
with
so
absolute
a
confidence
in
his
Majesties
Royal
Word
,
that
he
would
not
so
much
as
open
the
Letters
Mounsieur
de
Roquelaure
brought
him
from
the
King
;
but
at
his
arrival
restor'd
them
to
his
Majesty
,
seal'd
up
as
they
were
sent
:
by
which
generous
behaviour
,
excuses
,
and
reasons
having
given
his
Majesty
full
satisfaction
in
all
things
,
he
receiv'd
him
into
an
honourable
degree
of
Favour
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon
receiv'd
into
Favour
.
and
soon
after
gave
him
the
Government
of
the
higher
,
and
lower
Limousin
,
in
recompense
of
that
of
Provence
:
A
charge
in
truth
that
held
no
proportion
with
the
other
;
but
that
nevertheless
bordering
upon
Xaintonge
,
Angoumois
,
and
the
Country
of
Aulins
,
which
the
Duke
already
had
,
lay
very
convenient
for
him
;
and
besides
,
by
being
newly
conferr'd
upon
him
,
gave
the
world
to
see
,
that
his
Majesty
did
not
look
upon
him
as
a
Rebel
.
The
King
gave
him
moreover
100000
Crowns
to
defray
part
of
the
expense
he
had
been
at
in
Provence
;
by
which
his
Majesty
seem'd
to
acknowledge
it
had
been
there
well
employ'd
,
and
it
was
assign'd
him
upon
the
Convoy
of
Bourdeaux
.
Thus
did
the
Duke
quit
all
his
pretenses
in
Provence
,
and
remain'd
at
Court
with
the
King
.
I
could
here
speak
of
the
enterprize
of
Marselles
without
danger
of
digression
,
it
having
been
executed
by
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
whilst
the
Duke
of
Espernon
was
yet
in
Provence
,
and
the
rather
because
the
Sieges
of
St.
Tropés
,
and
Oriol
,
which
were
then
in
his
possession
,
serv'd
much
to
palliate
the
Duke
of
Guise's
Design
:
but
having
no
need
to
seek
elsewhere
,
than
in
the
particular
actions
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
himself
,
to
swell
the
bulk
of
my
History
,
I
shall
,
how
great
and
shining
soever
that
action
was
,
forbear
to
make
a
further
mention
of
it
;
the
Historians
of
that
time
having
given
accompts
of
it
at
large
.
And
yet
,
whilst
I
omit
the
main
thing
so
pertinent
to
my
Story
,
I
cannot
forbear
to
mention
a
remarkable
circumstance
,
which
I
have
from
a
very
good
hand
,
and
that
I
doubt
not
will
be
acceptable
to
my
Reader
,
though
it
be
utterly
from
the
matter
of
my
Subject
.
After
the
Duke
of
Guise
had
put
an
end
to
his
enterprize
,
A
digression
upon
a
remarkable
passage
.
a
success
of
the
greatest
glory
to
himself
,
and
importance
to
the
State
,
that
could
possibly
have
hapned
at
that
time
;
he
thought
it
but
reasonable
to
enjoy
the
fruits
of
his
Victory
,
by
giving
himself
a
vacation
from
the
hardships
of
War
,
to
the
softer
delights
of
Liberty
and
Ease
;
which
made
him
seek
out
all
the
Diversions
the
Town
could
afford
,
that
any
way
suited
with
the
appetite
of
his
youth
and
pleasure
.
The
chiefest
of
which
was
the
frequentation
of
a
Gentlewoman
in
the
City
,
of
but
moderate
beauty
,
but
of
so
admirable
a
wit
,
as
gave
her
,
for
a
distinction
of
excellency
above
the
other
women
of
the
City
,
the
name
of
the
Marselles
.
This
Lady
had
formerly
been
a
Mistriss
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
,
and
was
at
this
time
highly
courted
by
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
with
whom
the
Duke
being
one
night
very
pleasant
in
her
Lodging
,
they
there
contriv'd
a
piece
of
mirth
,
which
in
the
issue
very
much
fail'd
their
expectation
.
Grillon
Camp-Master
to
the
Regiment
of
Guards
,
a
Gentleman
of
Provence
,
was
reputed
one
of
the
bravest
men
of
his
time
,
and
with
good
reason
,
the
signal
testimonies
he
had
in
a
thousand
occasions
given
of
his
Valour
approaching
nearer
to
the
vanity
of
a
Romance
,
than
to
the
truth
of
serious
History
.
This
Gentleman
,
after
the
recovery
of
Marselles
,
was
dismiss'd
from
the
King
to
the
Duke
of
Guise
to
be
assisting
to
him
in
his
reputation
,
advice
,
and
valour
,
for
the
conservation
of
that
place
:
for
his
Majesty
well
knowing
what
a
longing
,
and
watchful
eye
his
Enemies
had
upon
that
City
,
and
himself
also
being
very
tender
of
so
important
a
place
,
would
spare
no
cost
,
not
omit
no
care
to
preserve
i●
safe
,
from
any
designs
without
,
or
within
by
violence
,
or
practice
.
The
Duke
of
G●ise
then
in
the
height
of
his
mirth
calling
to
mind
that
Grillon
was
ordinarily
call'd
[
](A42794-e40090-b)*
*
The
man
without
fear
.
l'
homme
sans
peur
,
thinking
it
not
impossible
to
shew
the
world
he
was
capable
of
the
Passion
of
fear
as
well
as
other
men
,
and
to
make
him
lose
that
name
,
with
some
other
young
men
of
his
own
gay
humour
about
him
,
contriv'd
to
have
an
Alarm
suddenly
given
under
Grillon's
window
,
as
if
the
Enemy
had
entred
the
Town
,
and
at
the
same
time
causing
two
Horses
to
be
brought
to
the
door
of
his
Lodging
,
runs
himself
up
stairs
into
his
Chamber
,
where
with
a
counterfeited
distraction
he
hastily
told
him
that
all
was
lost
,
that
the
Enemy
had
made
himself
Master
of
the
Port
,
and
of
the
City
,
that
they
had
forc'd
the
Guards
,
dispers'd
and
beaten
all
that
could
make
head
against
him
;
and
that
no
more
resistance
being
to
be
made
,
he
thought
it
better
to
retire
,
than
to
add
to
their
Enemies
Victory
by
their
own
Ruine
:
that
therefore
he
was
come
to
call
him
out
,
that
they
might
make
their
retreat
together
;
to
which
purpose
two
Horses
waited
ready
at
the
door
of
his
Lodging
,
and
that
he
desir'd
him
to
make
hast
,
lest
they
should
be
surpriz'd
by
the
Enemy
before
they
could
find
means
to
escape
.
Grillon
,
though
he
had
been
fast
asleep
at
the
beginning
of
this
false
Alarm
,
and
was
yet
scarce
awake
when
the
Duke
of
Guise
told
him
this
story
;
yet
,
without
being
at
all
surpriz'd
,
he
call'd
for
his
cloaths
,
and
his
Arms
,
saying
withal
,
that
too
easie
credit
was
not
to
be
given
to
reports
in
the
tumult
,
and
confusion
of
Alarms
;
but
,
that
should
the
intelligence
prove
true
,
it
were
far
more
honourable
to
die
with
their
Swords
in
their
hands
,
than
to
survive
the
loss
of
such
a
City
:
which
being
all
the
Duke
of
Guise
could
get
from
him
,
he
not
being
to
be
perswaded
out
of
that
resolution
,
they
went
together
out
of
the
Chamber
;
when
being
in
the
middle
of
the
stairs
,
the
Duke
being
able
to
hold
no
longer
,
burst
out
into
laughter
:
by
which
Gr●llon
understanding
the
Raillery
,
with
a
furious
countenance
grasping
the
Duke
by
the
Arm
,
and
rapping
out
a
terrible
Oath
,
the
usual
preface
to
all
his
discourses
,
he
said
,
Young
man
,
never
make
it
your
sport
to
try
the
Courage
of
a
man
of
Honour
;
for
by
the
Death
,
hadst
thou
made
in
me
a
discovery
of
fear
,
or
surprize
,
I
would
have
stabh'd
my
Dagger
into
thy
heart
;
and
so
return'd
back
into
his
Chamber
,
without
more
words
.
This
Story
which
I
have
from
a
very
good
hand
,
a
person
of
Quality
,
who
had
it
from
the
Duke
of
Guise●s
own
mouth
,
I
thought
too
remarkable
to
be
overslipt
:
Neither
do
I
think
Grillon
to
be
less
esteem'd
for
this
●ally
of
fury
,
which
appears
however
to
be
wrap'd
up
in
very
good
sense
,
than
in
the
constancy
of
his
courage
,
that
would
not
consent
he
should
retire
from
,
or
out-live
the
loss
of
so
important
a
City
.
And
since
I
have
spoken
of
the
blasphemies
that
were
so
frequent
in
his
mouth
,
I
shall
tell
you
what
I
have
heard
the
Duke
of
Espernon
say
,
who
had
him
long
under
his
command
;
which
is
,
that
many
years
before
his
death
,
though
he
had
a
perfect
strength
and
vigour
in
all
his
other
parts
,
he
had
nevertheless
so
great
a
weakness
in
his
tongue
,
that
he
could
not
articulate
,
or
bring
out
one
word
that
any
body
could
understand
.
God
b●ing
doubtless
pleas'd
by
a
manifest
judgment
to
punish
him
in
that
part
,
which
by
so
many
Oaths
and
Blasphemies
had
so
often
offended
against
his
Divine
Honour
,
and
most
Holy
Name
.
The
end
of
the
First
Part.
THE
HISTORY
OF
THE
LIFE
OF
THE
Duke
of
ESPERNON
,
THE
GREAT
FAVOURITE
OF
FRANCE
.
ENGLISHED
BY
CHARLES
COTTON
,
Esq
The
Second
Part.
Nihil
est
aptius
ad
delectationem
Lectoris
,
quàm
temporum
varietates
,
fortunaeque
vicissitudines
:
quae
etsi
nobis
optabiles
in
experiendo
non
fuerunt
,
in
legendo
tamen
erunt
jucundae
.
Cic.
Epist.
12.
l.
5.
LONDON
,
Printed
for
Henry
Brome
,
MDCLXX
.
THE
HISTORY
Of
the
LIFE
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
THE
SECOND
PART
.
The
Fifth
Book
.
THE
Duke
of
Espernon
,
having
(
as
before
is
said
)
taken
his
leave
of
Provence
,
in
the
company
of
the
Marquiss
of
Roquelaure
,
soon
after
presented
himself
before
his
Majesty
at
Paris
,
who
was
then
but
newly
return'd
from
his
Voyage
of
Picardy
:
The
posture
of
Affairs
at
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
arrival
at
Court
.
an
expedition
wherein
he
had
met
with
very
various
success
,
Fortune
having
plaid
with
both
hands
in
the
distribution
of
Honour
and
Disgrace
.
She
had
indeed
shew'd
her self
favourable
to
him
in
the
Enterprize
of
la
Fere
,
a
place
,
that
being
one
of
the
most
important
upon
the
Frontier
,
and
having
by
the
League
been
put
into
the
Spaniards
hands
,
had
been
so
Fortified
and
Victualled
by
the
new
Possessors
,
that
the
King
judging
it
not
to
be
recover'd
by
fine
force
,
without
the
manifest
loss
of
an
infin●te
number
of
good
men
,
thought
it
better
to
streighten
it
at
a
distance
,
by
blocking
up
,
and
building
Forts
upon
all
the
Avenues
,
by
which
it
could
any
way
be
supply'd
,
or
reliev'd
,
than
to
hazard
his
men
by
a
nearer
and
more
regular
Siege
;
a
way
,
that
doubtless
was
the
safest
,
and
most
likely
in
the
end
to
succeed
:
but
as
no
Counsels
are
so
perfect
,
as
to
point
out
the
certain
event
of
things
,
this
way
of
proceeding
prov'd
so
slow
,
as
gave
the
Enemy
in
the
interim
time
and
opportunity
to
bring
about
other
designs
of
such
importance
,
as
made
the
King
sick
of
the
success
of
his
own
enterprize
,
even
before
it
took
effect
.
Albert
Arch-Duke
,
and
also
Cardinal
of
Austria
,
was
now
newly
enter'd
upon
the
Government
of
the
hereditary
Countries
of
Flanders
,
from
whence
the
King
of
Spain
had
lately
call'd
home
the
●ondé
de
Fuentes
;
●
Prince
,
that
stirr'd
〈◊〉
by
the
emul●tion
of
this
Predecessor's
exploits
(
who
the
year
before
had
won
●rom
France
le
Catelet
,
Dourlens
,
and
Cambray
)
had
put
on
a
resolution
to
do
things
,
that
should
as
far
out-shine
the
Conde's
less
atchievements
,
as
he
himself
,
in
Birth
,
and
Quality
was
superior
to
him
in
Name
,
and
Person
:
wher●fore
▪
at
his
entring
upon
h●s
command
,
having
found
the
King
set
down
before
la
Fere
,
he
thought
he
could
not
give
a
more
glorious
beginning
to
his
administration
,
than
by
force
or
policy
to
defeat
that
his
Majesties
design
.
An
undertaking
which
for
the
difficulty
and
danger
thereof
,
was
every
way
worthy
the
greatness
of
his
mind
;
for
the
King
having
foreseen
the
Spaniard
would
infallibly
attempt
a
relief
,
had
forgot
nothing
that
might
serve
to
frustrate
their
endeavours
.
His
Forces
were
great
,
his
works
about
the
place
compleat
,
and
perfect
,
and
almost
all
the
most
experienc'd
Captains
of
his
Kingdom
were
come
in
from
all
parts
,
to
attend
his
Majesties
Person
,
and
to
signalize
themselves
in
so
brave
an
occasion
:
all
which
being
very
well
known
to
the
Cardinal
of
Austria
,
he
durst
not
(
notwithstanding
his
earnest
desire
to
relieve
that
〈◊〉
)
engage
his
Army
in
▪
so
dangerous
an
attempt
,
but
rather
●earken'd
to
the
Counsels
of
such
as
more
warily
advis'd
to
raise
that
〈◊〉
▪
by
an
attempt
upon
some
other
place
of
a
greater
,
or
no
〈◊〉
●●portance
.
Amongst
the
many
opinions
that
were
deliver'd
in
the
Cardinals
Council
abovt
this
Affair
,
the
ill
Fortune
of
France
would
have
the
counsel
of
a
Frenchman
to
prevail
;
that
by
the
procurement
of
one
of
her
own
Sons
,
this
Kingdom
might
receive
the
greatest
dishonour
it
could
possibly
sustain
.
And
this
was
the
advice
of
Rhosne
a
Gentleman
born
in
Champagne
upon
the
Frontiers
of
Lorain
,
one
,
who
having
in
the
infancy
of
the
League
devoted
himself
to
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
and
done
him
many
signal
services
in
his
life
;
after
his
death
persevering
in
the
evil
cause
he
had
before
embrac'd
,
had
put
himself
under
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
,
and
so
far
his
too
violent
zeal
to
Religion
;
or
the
error
of
his
judgment
(
which
might
be
deluded
amongst
the
rest
)
were
rather
to
be
excus'd
,
and
pittied
,
than
his
carriage
absolutely
to
be
condemn'd
:
but
after
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
was
reduc'd
to
reason
,
and
had
given
up
his
cause
,
his
yet
engaging
himself
with
the
King
's
most
implacable
enemies
made
it
manifest
to
all
,
that
his
turbulent
spirit
would
stick
at
no
mischief
he
could
any
ways
effect
against
his
Prince
and
Country
.
This
man
then
discrediting
in
the
Cardinals
Council
all
the
diversions
had
been
there
propos'd
,
as
by
making
an
attempt
upon
St.
Quintin
,
Montreuille
,
Boulogne
,
or
Guise
,
gave
advice
to
fall
upon
Calice
,
at
the
same
time
offering
himself
to
be
the
man
that
would
undertake
,
and
accomplish
the
design
.
A
proposition
of
so
high
,
A
design
upon
Calice
.
and
generous
a
nature
,
that
the
Cardinals
ambition
,
which
was
bent
●pon
some
noble
atchievement
,
being
fir'd
thereby
,
he
was
afterwards
deaf
to
all
other
Counsels
,
and
so
wholly
bent
upon
an
enterprize
so
suitable
to
the
greatness
of
his
mind
,
that
without
further
delay
he
gave
immediate
order
to
dispose
all
things
for
the
execution
of
that
design
.
To
which
end
his
Army
was
forthwith
drawn
into
the
Field
,
and
there
divided
into
three
several
bodies
,
to
amuse
the
King
,
and
to
keep
him
in
doubt
of
the
course
he
intended
to
steer
:
a
policy
not
very
necessary
to
the
concealment
of
his
design
,
it
being
impossible
any
one
could
imagine
he
durst
so
much
as
meditate
the
thoughts
of
an
enterprize
,
which
,
to
all
mens
astonishment
,
he
so
suddenly
effected
,
that
the
King
had
no
sooner
intelligence
of
his
motion
,
but
that
withal
news
was
brought
him
of
the
loss
of
the
place
.
Bidossan
Governour
of
Calice
,
surpriz'd
with
so
unexpected
a
Siege
,
was
in
a
few
days
reduc'd
to
so
great
an
extremity
,
that
he
was
forc'd
to
dispatch
a
Post
to
the
King
,
to
acquaint
his
Majesty
with
the
Articles
of
his
capitulation
,
which
was
to
make
a
positive
surrender
,
if
within
six
days
he
was
not
reliev'd
:
at
which
unhappy
,
and
unexpected
news
,
his
Majesty
being
beyond
all
expression
afflicted
,
he
advanc'd
with
all
diligence
as
far
as
Boulogne
,
in
hope
that
the
convenient
vicinity
of
that
place
would
give
him
some
opportunity
or
other
to
send
in
some
relief
to
the
besieged
before
the
time
of
limitation
should
expire
:
neither
did
he
fail
to
try
all
possible
ways
by
which
he
conceiv'd
it
might
be
done
;
but
all
in
vain
,
the
contrary
winds
by
Sea
,
and
the
Enemies
vigilancy
by
Land
still
frustrating
what
ever
endeavour
he
could
use
:
when
one
sole
Servant
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
had
the
good
hap
beyond
all
humane
expectation
to
put
himself
into
the
place
,
Fortune
being
(
it
should
seem
)
resolv'd
by
the
performance
of
one
of
his
Servants
to
confer
upon
the
Master
,
though
absent
,
A
remarkable
action
of
Campag●●●
.
the
honour
of
the
bravest
exploit
that
pass'd
upon
this
occasion
.
The
man
whose
resolution
was
so
eminent
in
this
affair
,
was
commonly
call'd
the
black
[
](A42794-e40830-b)*
*
Or
younger
Brother
.
Cadet
,
a
Gentleman
of
the
house
of
Campagnol
,
who
bravely
undertook
,
and
as
bravely
perform'd
the
Action
.
His
elder
Brother
by
the
Duke's
Favour
,
was
preferr'd
to
be
Captain
of
a
Company
in
the
Regiment
of
Guards
,
and
his
own
Lieutenant
in
the
Government
of
Boulogne
,
as
this
also
had
a
Company
in
the
Regiment
of
Picardy
,
with
which
he
had
likewise
been
gratified
by
the
Dukes
Bounty
.
This
Gentleman
no
sooner
receiv'd
intelligence
of
the
Enemies
motion
towards
Calice
,
but
that
he
immediately
repair'd
to
his
Brother
at
Boulogne
,
where
he
was
at
his
Majesties
arrival
there
,
and
where
his
courage
not
permitting
him
to
sit
still
in
so
general
a
consternation
,
as
appear'd
in
all
persons
about
the
King
,
he
made
a
voluntary
offer
of
himself
to
pass
through
the
Enemies
Guards
into
the
Town
of
Calice
,
with
any
number
of
men
his
Majesty
would
please
to
commit
to
his
charge
,
or
to
perish
in
the
attempt
.
The
valour
of
the
man
was
so
well
try'd
,
and
known
,
that
the
King
doubted
not
in
the
least
of
his
performance
to
the
utmost
of
what
could
by
man
be
done
:
but
the
danger
was
such
,
[
](A42794-e40900-b)*
*
Cardinal
Bentiv●g●●o
De
Thou
.
that
his
Majesty
was
very
unwilling
to
expose
so
brave
a
Gentleman
to
so
manifest
a
ruine
;
yet
such
was
his
importunity
,
and
the
occasion
of
such
importance
,
that
at
last
three
hundred
men
only
were
assign'd
him
,
with
which
,
by
the
favour
of
the
night
,
and
his
own
good
conduct
,
he
arriv'd
safe
at
Calice
,
without
the
loss
of
so
much
as
any
one
man
;
so
that
certainly
had
he
carried
a
more
considerable
number
of
men
,
the
Town
had
been
sav'd
:
but
as
the
case
then
stood
the
must
content
himself
with
the
honour
of
his
own
bravery
,
without
reaping
any
other
benefit
from
the
success
of
his
attempt
.
The
term
of
six
days
being
expir'd
,
the
Enemy
sent
to
summon
the
Town
to
a
surrender
,
according
to
the
Articles
of
Capitulation
betwixt
them
;
to
which
summons
they
had
no
other
return
than
this
,
that
the
besieg'd
were
now
acquit
of
their
promise
,
and
that
they
had
receiv'd
a
relief
;
an
answer
at
which
R●osne
being
more
enrag'd
than
the
Arch-Duke
himself
,
he
presently
caus'd
the
Cannon
to
play
with
greater
fury
,
than
at
any
time
before
during
the
Siege
;
when
a
sufficient
breach
being
made
,
he
prepar'd
the
Army
for
a
general
assault
.
The
assault
was
accordingly
given
,
in
the
beginning
of
which
Bedossan
being
slain
,
Campagnol
took
upon
him
his
Authority
,
and
Command
,
giving
the
Enemy
after
two
hours
sharp
fight
a
brave
,
and
notable
repulse
which
notwithstanding
the
breach
was
so
wide
as
was
impossible
long
to
be
defended
,
by
so
few
men
as
he
had
left
;
which
made
the
Enemy
by
frequent
Messages
often
put
him
in
mind
of
what
he
himself
knew
as
well
as
they
,
by
representing
to
him
the
desperate
condition
the
place
was
in
,
and
his
own
inevitable
ruine
should
be
longer
persist
in
his
defense
;
offering
him
at
the
same
time
conditions
of
Honour
,
and
Advantage
if
he
would
deliver
up
the
Town
:
but
all
to
no
purpose
,
he
had
not
put
himself
into
that
place
with
so
much
hazard
of
his
life
to
depart
thence
in
so
great
security
:
the
assault
therefore
was
again
renew'd
,
and
the
Enemy
again
beaten
back
:
but
coming
up
the
third
time
with
greater
fury
than
ever
before
,
and
bringing
up
still
fresh
Companies
to
succeed
those
who
were
beaten
off
,
Campagnol's
men
were
in
fine
overcome
by
numbers
,
and
constrain'd
to
retire
;
a
thing
their
Captain
scorn'd
to
do
,
who
,
though
alone
and
abandon'd
by
all
,
still
fought
with
the
same
courage
,
and
vigour
,
when
his
resistance
,
how
brave
soever
,
being
too
weak
to
stop
the
torrent
of
a
victorious
crowd
,
he
was
at
last
rather
overwhelm'd
than
overcome
,
and
by
a
multitude
taken
prisoner
:
with
this
resemblance
nevertheless
betwixt
his
honour
and
disgrace
,
that
,
as
he
had
appear'd
single
in
the
defense
of
the
Town
,
so
was
he
also
alone
in
his
imprisonment
,
the
Enemy
killing
all
that
fled
before
them
without
humanity
,
or
respect
of
persons
,
excepting
of
his
,
who
had
so
undauntedly
stood
alone
in
his
defense
,
wherein
his
Vertue
was
his
refuge
.
D'
Avila
attributes
this
Action
to
the
Sieur
de
Matelet
,
whom
he
qualifies
Governour
of
Foix
,
although
Cardinal
Bentivoglio
in
his
description
of
this
Siege
,
Mounsieur
de
Thou
,
and
D'
Aubigné
make
no
mention
of
any
such
man
.
Yet
it
is
true
that
Matelet
had
so
great
a
share
in
the
business
,
as
ought
not
to
be
pass'd
over
without
its
due
report
of
honour
;
for
the
King
having
commanded
him
with
an
hundred
Gentlemen
of
his
Court
to
cut
his
way
through
the
Enemies
Army
during
the
heat
of
the
Assault
,
and
to
put
himself
into
the
Town
,
it
was
no
fault
of
his
that
his
Majesty
fail'd
of
his
desire
:
he
did
what
was
by
valour
to
be
done
,
though
he
was
not
so
fortunate
as
to
perform
his
Majesties
command
;
neither
was
the
Enemies
Army
so
thin
,
but
that
they
had
men
enough
to
maintain
the
Assault
,
and
at
the
same
time
to
intercept
such
petty
succours
as
those
:
so
that
those
hundred
Gentlemen
were
almost
all
cut
to
pieces
with
very
little
resistance
;
a
panick
fear
having
made
them
blind
to
their
own
safety
,
and
honour
,
excepting
Matelet
,
who
bravely
fighting
as
fortunately
escap'd
.
Thus
was
Calice
lost
,
the
King
himself
in
a
manner
looking
on
;
after
which
Guines
and
Ham
were
carried
without
resistance
:
successes
with
which
Rhosne
being
yet
unsatisfied
,
he
had
moreover
the
confidence
to
undertake
the
Siege
of
Ardres
,
which
the
same
day
that
la
Fere
was
surrendred
to
the
King
,
surrendred
also
to
him
;
as
if
he
had
been
in
fee
with
Fortune
,
and
that
she
had
been
oblig'd
to
give
him
all
the
respite
was
necessary
for
the
execution
of
his
Designs
:
for
in
effect
,
the
same
day
that
concluded
the
Cardinals
Conquests
,
had
in
all
probability
determin'd
of
his
honour
,
and
put
a
ruinous
period
to
all
his
Affairs
,
had
his
successes
gone
on
with
never
so
little
a
slower
pace
.
The
King
in
the
whole
course
of
his
life
,
Anno
1597.
was
never
perhaps
more
astonish'd
,
and
afflicted
,
than
at
these
disgraces
;
and
his
great
spirit
was
prone
enough
to
prompt
him
on
to
an
immediate
revenge
,
by
obstinately
settling
himself
to
the
recovery
of
the
Places
he
had
lately
lost
,
since
the
Cardinal
's
sudden
retreat
had
put
him
out
of
all
possibility
of
fighting
:
but
his
prudence
laying
before
him
the
difficulty
of
the
enterprize
,
he
rather
chose
to
give
his
Army
some
refreshment
,
which
had
been
tir'd
out
with
the
tedious
Siege
of
la
Fere
,
than
anew
to
expose
them
to
other
dangers
,
and
such
as
were
like
enough
to
be
the
ruine
of
them
all
.
Wherefore
having
distributed
them
into
the
most
commodious
quarters
upon
the
Frontier
,
to
be
in
readiness
against
the
next
fair
season
,
he
left
the
Mareschal
de
Biron
to
command
them
,
with
order
upon
the
first
opportunity
,
to
enter
into
the
Enemies
Country
,
and
to
make
them
feel
his
Majesties
Arms
,
whilst
himself
retir'd
to
Paris
,
to
consult
with
his
Subjects
,
about
the
means
he
was
to
pursue
in
the
vindication
of
his
own
,
and
the
Nations
honour
,
for
the
Attempts
the
Enemy
had
made
upon
his
Crown
,
and
Kingdom
.
The
King
being
come
to
Paris
,
and
either
not
expecting
,
or
not
finding
that
readiness
,
or
ability
he
expected
in
his
own
people
;
who
having
been
harrass'd
,
and
impoverish'd
with
past
mischiefs
,
were
now
very
unfit
to
supply
him
with
mony
,
proportionable
to
the
greatness
of
his
designs
:
he
saw
he
must
of
necessity
have
recourse
to
Strangers
,
his
ancient
Consederates
,
and
Allies
:
to
which
purpose
he
dispatch'd
away
Ambassadors
to
Elizabeth
Queen
of
England
,
to
the
States
of
Holland
,
and
to
some
Princes
of
Germany
;
during
which
Negotiations
,
the
Pope
,
who
from
the
month
of
September
,
1595.
had
given
the
King
Absolution
in
the
persons
of
Messieurs
du
Perron
,
and
d'
Ossat
,
his
Majesties
Agents
at
Rome
,
desiring
now
to
see
an
effectual
re-establishment
of
the
Catholick
Religion
in
France
,
and
a
reformation
of
such
abuses
as
were
crept
into
the
Church
,
during
the
disorders
of
the
Kingdom
,
resolv'd
upon
sending
a
Legat
at
this
time
,
to
appoint
what
was
necessary
to
be
done
for
his
entire
satisfaction
.
The
Pope
sends
his
Legat
into
France
.
Neither
was
this
the
only
,
though
the
principal
end
of
this
dispatch
,
this
good
,
and
holy
Pope
having
further
a
design
to
set
on
foot
a
Treaty
of
Accommodation
betwixt
the
two
Crowns
;
conceiving
he
did
not
fully
discharge
the
Duty
of
the
Common
Father
of
Christians
,
if
,
after
having
given
repose
to
the
King's
Conscience
,
he
did
not
also
procure
a
good
,
and
lasting
Peace
,
betwixt
two
the
greatest
Princes
of
the
Holy
Church
.
To
this
good
end
Cardinal
de
Medicis
the
Pope's
Legat
fail'd
not
,
according
to
his
Instructions
,
so
soon
as
he
arriv'd
in
France
,
to
offer
some
propositions
of
Reconciliation
betwixt
the
two
Crowns
;
which
,
though
well
receiv'd
by
the
King
,
yet
did
they
not
hinder
him
from
making
his
preparations
for
a
smart
,
and
vindictive
War
:
he
had
(
as
has
been
said
)
renew'd
his
Alliances
with
his
Confederates
,
and
had
further
call'd
an
Assembly
of
several
the
most
intelligent
persons
of
his
Kingdom
,
by
their
joynt
advice
to
find
out
the
most
easie
,
and
indifferent
ways
of
raising
mony
upon
his
people
for
the
prosecution
of
the
War
;
which
Assembly
,
by
reason
of
the
Plague
which
was
that
year
exceeding
rise
in
Paris
,
being
not
conveniently
there
to
be
Assembled
,
his
Majesty
transferr'd
it
to
Roan
,
An
Assembly
at
Roan
.
where
they
opened
their
Session
in
October
,
and
continued
it
to
the
beginning
of
the
ensuing
year
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon
had
the
honour
to
attend
his
Majesty
in
this
Voyage
,
and
was
also
made
privy
to
whatsoever
pass'd
in
the
Assembly
,
where
many
grave
directions
were
propos'd
for
the
Reformation
of
several
Abuses
that
were
practis'd
in
all
parts
of
the
Kingdom
;
but
very
little
satisfaction
to
the
King
concerning
mony
,
which
was
the
main
design
in
calling
that
Assembly
,
rather
than
reformation
of
abuses
:
which
notwithstanding
his
Majesty
wounded
with
the
grief
of
his
losses
,
what
by
husbanding
his
Revenue
,
what
by
lessening
his
Expense
,
by
augmentations
upon
his
Farms
,
and
other
extraordinary
ways
made
shift
to
get
up
such
a
stock
,
as
was
enough
to
set
a
powerful
Army
on
foot
,
and
such
a
one
as
should
be
sufficient
to
repair
all
his
former
disgraces
.
After
the
dissolution
of
this
Assembly
,
his
Majesty
retiring
himself
for
some
indisposition
into
the
Air
of
the
Country
,
the
Duke
of
Espernon
conceiv'd
he
could
not
take
a
fitter
opportunity
than
this
,
to
ask
leave
to
go
look
after
his
own
particular
Affairs
,
and
to
settle
his
Governments
in
a
posture
of
Security
,
and
Obedience
;
a
request
no
sooner
made
to
the
King
,
but
that
he
gave
his
free
consent
,
dismissing
the
Duke
with
all
demonstration
of
respect
and
kindness
;
and
then
it
was
that
his
Patent
was
seal'd
for
the
Government
of
Limousin
,
instead
of
Provence
,
and
dated
at
Folembray
,
a
house
of
Pleasure
,
to
which
his
Majesty
had
retir'd
himself
to
provide
for
his
health
at
greater
liberty
and
ease
.
With
this
new
Commission
the
Duke
then
departed
from
Court
towards
Angoulesme
,
where
his
Children
were
bred
,
which
he
had
scarce
seen
since
their
Birth
,
especially
the
youngest
whom
he
had
never
seen
;
a
motive
of
it self
sufficient
for
a
longer
Journey
:
but
neither
the
repose
the
Duke
intended
to
take
,
nor
the
vacation
his
Majesty
intended
to
give
,
were
of
any
long
continuance
;
for
he
was
scarce
arriv'd
at
Angoulesme
,
when
he
receiv'd
a
Dispatch
under
the
Kings
own
hand
(
his
Majesty
not
at
all
thinking
it
below
his
Greatness
,
that
his
Nobility
should
receive
the
Honour
of
his
Commands
immediately
from
himself
)
wherein
he
acquainted
him
with
the
surprizal
of
Amiens
,
as
also
of
his
resolution
suddenly
to
sit
down
before
it
,
for
the
recovery
of
so
important
a
place
:
at
the
same
time
conjuring
him
to
make
all
possible
haste
to
come
,
and
serve
him
in
so
glorious
an
occasion
.
I
shall
not
here
enlarge
my self
in
a
relation
of
this
surprize
,
it
being
an
action
that
made
so
much
noise
at
that
time
,
and
that
gave
to
great
a
reputation
to
[
](A42794-e41480-b)*
*
He
is
call'd
by
Iean
de
Serres
,
He●n●nl
〈◊〉
.
Hernando-Telles
Portocarrero
,
who
was
the
contriver
and
executor
of
it
,
that
there
is
scarce
any
Historian
of
our
own
,
or
any
other
Nation
,
who
has
not
particularly
insisted
upon
this
,
above
any
other
enterprize
of
the
like
nature
;
wherein
they
all
agree
that
it
was
a
design
the
best
contriv'd
,
the
braveliest
carried
on
,
and
the
most
fortunately
perform'd
of
any
whatever
of
that
kind
.
The
nearness
of
this
place
to
Paris
,
it
being
but
three
little
days
journey
from
thence
,
having
alarm'd
the
Parisians
to
such
a
degree
,
that
they
thought
the
Spaniard
already
at
their
Gates
,
begat
such
clamours
,
and
publick
complaints
amongst
the
people
,
that
every
one
made
very
bold
with
the
Royal
Name
,
accusing
the
King
,
as
if
he
had
held
intelligence
with
the
Enemy
,
and
as
if
he
alone
were
the
Author
of
this
mischance
:
so
that
as
if
his
Majesty
had
not
been
sufficiently
afflicted
with
the
loss
of
this
City
(
which
more
concern'd
him
,
than
them
all
)
he
must
also
endure
the
unjust
reproaches
of
his
Subjects
;
the
little
respite
he
had
taken
for
the
recovery
of
his
health
,
passing
,
in
minds
prepossess'd
with
fear
,
for
supineness
,
and
sloth
;
and
his
love
to
the
Dutchess
of
Beaufort
giving
every
one
occasion
to
censure
,
and
condemn
his
Passions
,
by
which
,
they
said
,
he
lay
buried
in
negligence
,
and
pleasure
,
whilst
the
Enemy
was
in
action
,
taking
,
and
surprizing
his
best
Towns
,
and
Cities
.
It
was
therefore
necessary
for
the
King
without
further
delay
to
betake
himself
again
to
Arms
,
and
that
(
equally
stirr'd
up
by
his
own
immediate
danger
,
and
the
clamours
of
his
people
)
he
should
abandon
the
care
of
his
health
,
to
go
expose
his
life
to
the
hazards
of
War
and
Sickness
.
It
was
upon
the
tenth
day
of
March
,
that
Amiens
had
been
surpriz'd
,
upon
notice
whereof
,
his
Majesty
without
loss
of
time
,
had
writ
to
the
Mareschal
de
Biron
,
(
who
(
as
has
been
said
)
he
had
left
upon
the
Frontier
)
that
he
should
with
all
expedition
,
gather
the
Army
together
,
and
to
sit
down
before
Amiens
to
begin
the
Siege
.
A
command
that
could
not
have
been
sent
to
a
more
diligent
,
a
braver
,
or
more
able
Souldier
;
and
one
,
who
so
well
knew
how
to
manage
such
Engines
,
and
provisions
of
War
,
as
the
King
(
who
himself
was
advanc'd
as
far
as
Corbie
)
had
taken
care
to
send
him
;
that
his
Majesty
a●
his
arrival
before
the
place
found
nothing
wanting
,
or
undone
,
he
could
at
a
distance
have
desir'd
;
or
have
order'd
himself
,
had
he
been
there
in
person
.
A
diligence
his
Majesty
did
highly
,
and
publickly
commend
,
giving
the
Mareschal
a
very
noble
Character
for
the
progress
he
had
made
in
his
works
,
and
approaches
,
which
could
not
have
been
perform'd
by
any
with
greater
care
,
courage
,
and
conduct
,
according
to
all
the
Rules
and
Discipline
of
War
.
Neither
is
it
to
be
denied
,
but
that
Biron
serv'd
the
King
as
bravely
,
as
is
to
be
imagin'd
upon
this
occasion
:
wherein
he
also
knew
well
enough
,
if
not
too
well
,
his
own
merit
;
his
brave
Service
in
this
,
and
other
occasions
having
rais'd
him
to
that
degree
of
presumption
,
and
insolence
,
that
he
afterwards
,
by
his
saucy
reproaches
to
the
King
his
Master
,
depriv'd
himself
of
those
Honours
,
and
Rewards
,
his
Valour
might
otherwise
,
with
great
justice
have
expected
;
and
his
vanity
converting
those
actions
,
which
modestly
carried
would
have
been
his
immortal
glory
,
into
the
instruments
of
his
disgrace
,
and
ruine
:
of
which
in
its
due
place
I
shall
give
a
more
full
accompt
,
as
also
of
every
circumstance
that
helpt
to
precipitate
him
into
those
misfortunes
whereinto
he
afterwards
fell
:
and
that
because
his
Interests
went
,
for
many
years
hand
in
hand
,
with
those
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
they
two
being
link'd
together
in
an
extraordinary
strict
League
of
Affection
,
and
Friendship
.
The
King
during
his
abode
at
Corbie
,
having
taken
care
to
send
such
numbers
of
men
,
as
the
Mareschal
de
Biron
stood
in
need
of
for
carrying
on
the
Siege
,
return'd
back
to
Paris
,
there
to
take
order
about
Artillery
for
the
Leaguer
,
and
mony
for
the
support
of
his
Army
;
when
all
things
being
ready
in
Iune
,
his
Majesty
accompanied
with
the
Duke
of
Montpensier
,
the
Count
de
Soissons
,
the
Constable
de
Montmorency
,
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
,
the
Prince
of
Ioinville
,
and
many
other
Lords
of
great
quality
,
advanc'd
himself
to
the
Siege
.
Cardinal
Bentivoglio
,
who
is
very
exact
in
the
description
of
this
Leaguer
,
has
,
amongst
the
rest
,
nam'd
the
Duke
of
Espernon
for
one
of
those
who
attended
his
Majesty
in
this
expedition
:
a
mistake
I
do
not
so
much
wonder
at
in
him
,
who
of
necessity
must
take
many
things
upon
trust
,
as
I
do
at
d'Avila
,
who
says
the
same
thing
,
and
yet
pretends
to
have
been
present
,
and
wounded
at
this
Siege
;
when
it
is
most
certain
the
Duke
was
not
there
.
I
would
not
willingly
deprive
him
of
any
honour
is
his
due
;
neither
would
I
attribute
to
him
contrary
to
the
known
truth
,
things
wherein
he
had
no
share
:
but
the
truth
is
,
the
Duke
was
so
long
in
making
his
preparation
,
and
would
come
in
so
handsome
an
equipage
to
the
Army
,
that
it
was
two
days
after
the
surrender
of
the
place
,
before
he
came
up
to
the
King
:
The
Duke
of
Espernon
comes
to
the
King
at
Amiens
.
perhaps
one
of
the
worst
occurrences
,
and
that
did
him
the
greatest
prejudice
of
any
that
befel
him
in
his
whole
life
;
it
being
certain
,
that
if
,
in
this
expedition
,
he
had
by
greater
diligence
express'd
to
his
Majesty
the
real
Passion
he
had
for
his
Service
,
he
had
so
blotted
out
of
his
memory
,
all
former
jealousies
,
and
discontents
,
that
no
ill
office
could
ever
after
have
done
him
harm
:
whereas
his
Enemies
took
now
occasion
to
possess
the
King
,
that
he
had
either
staid
to
expect
the
issue
of
this
Siege
,
to
make
his
own
use
of
such
disorders
in
the
State
,
as
must
necessarily
attend
any
ill
success
;
or
that
(
at
the
best
)
he
had
a
mind
the
Royal
Affairs
should
fall
into
the
last
necessity
,
by
that
means
to
put
a
greater
value
upon
his
own
Service
:
So
that
although
he
arriv'd
very
seasonably
for
the
recruit
of
the
Royal
Army
,
very
much
tir'd
,
and
worn
out
with
the
length
of
the
Siege
,
and
that
he
brought
along
with
him
300.
Horse
,
an
hundred
and
fifty
Harquebusiers
on
horseback
,
and
four
Regiments
of
Foot
,
as
well
equipt
as
men
could
be
:
yet
was
not
his
reception
such
,
as
he
had
good
reason
to
expect
,
his
zeal
to
the
Service
having
made
him
lose
the
honour
of
the
Service
it self
.
It
was
nevertheless
but
two
days
after
the
King's
entry
into
Amiens
,
that
the
Duke
came
up
to
the
Army
;
by
which
it
appears
he
did
not
in
his
Government
lie
expecting
the
event
of
the
Siege
,
having
been
a
month
upon
his
March
;
neither
did
he
long
lie
idle
after
he
was
come
,
for
ambitious
by
some
notable
Action
to
make
amends
for
his
former
default
,
A
surprize
design'd
upon
Arras
.
he
meditated
a
surprize
upon
Arras
;
an
enterprize
that
having
been
communicated
to
Mareschal
Biron
,
the
manner
of
it
was
soon
concluded
on
betwixt
them
,
and
as
soon
consented
to
by
the
King
,
who
by
his
own
presence
would
favour
the
success
.
His
Majesty
after
the
surrender
of
Amiens
staid
no
longer
there
than
was
requisite
for
the
ceremony
of
his
entry
,
but
put
himself
immediately
in
pursuit
of
the
Enemy
;
to
let
them
see
,
that
notwithstanding
he
had
been
so
drain'd
of
men
,
he
was
yet
strong
enough
to
remove
the
Scene
of
War
to
their
own
doors
;
when
,
being
advanc'd
with
his
Army
as
far
as
Arras
,
the
Duke
of
Espernon
took
those
Forces
he
had
brought
,
and
advanc'd
to
give
a
Scalado
to
a
Fort
,
that
was
a
little
separated
from
the
main
wall
of
the
City
;
which
he
assaulted
with
such
vigour
and
bravery
in
his
own
person
,
that
his
men
encourag'd
by
his
example
soon
made
themselves
masters
of
the
place
.
A
success
that
gave
the
Inhabitants
,
and
Garrison
of
Arras
so
great
an
Alarm
,
that
they
all
ran
to
that
side
to
beat
the
Duke
back
,
and
to
secure
that
part
of
their
Walls
;
where
betwixt
them
the
conflict
grew
so
hot
,
that
the
Mareschal
de
Biron
,
who
was
at
the
same
time
to
Petarre
one
of
the
Gates
of
the
City
,
had
all
leisure
to
perform
it
,
without
any
danger
from
the
Curtain
.
And
accordingly
his
first
Petard
play'd
,
and
to
so
good
effect
,
that
it
laid
all
flat
,
which
shut
up
the
Raveline
:
The
second
beat
down
the
Draw-Bridge
,
and
carried
away
the
bottom
of
the
Portcullice
it self
,
though
by
the
Petard's
being
fixt
too
low
,
the
perpendicular
Bars
remain'd
yet
long
enough
to
defend
the
passage
,
when
the
third
Petard
being
brought
up
(
which
doubtless
had
it
play'd
,
had
put
an
end
to
the
Dispute
)
and
the
Engineer
just
ready
to
give
fire
,
he
was
from
the
top
of
the
Gate
taken
upon
the
head
with
a
stone
;
by
which
blow
Man
and
Engine
were
both
beaten
headlong
into
the
Ditch
:
an
accident
by
which
they
were
put
to
look
out
for
another
,
but
in
vain
.
there
being
never
another
to
be
found
.
In
the
mean
time
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
who
was
still
fighting
with
the
Enemy
,
had
no
little
to
do
to
make
head
against
the
Forces
of
so
great
,
and
populous
a
City
;
which
nevertheless
he
bravely
did
until
the
Mareschal
de
Biron
sending
him
word
of
his
misfortune
,
desir'd
him
to
retire
,
as
himself
was
constrain'd
to
do
for
want
of
a
fourth
Petard
.
Aubigné
is
the
man
,
〈◊〉
.
of
all
our
Historians
that
makes
mention
of
this
Enterprize
,
where
he
adds
one
thing
that
is
very
remarkable
,
and
very
true
,
and
that
is
,
that
the
Mareschal
enrag'd
to
the
last
degree
,
at
the
miscarriage
of
so
brave
a
design
,
went
up
and
down
cursing
,
and
swearing
,
and
railing
at
the
King
before
all
the
Army
,
and
almost
to
his
own
face
,
that
he
had
made
him
fail
in
the
conquest
of
so
important
a
place
for
want
of
a
Petard
,
accusing
him
of
Avarice
,
where
his
Honour
and
Safety
were
concern'd
;
whilst
he
was
prodigiously
Profuse
in
the
entertainment
of
his
Mistrisses
,
and
in
the
procurements
of
his
own
desires
:
Language
,
that
,
how
indiscreetly
soever
spoken
,
was
maliciously
enough
soon
convey'd
to
the
King's
ear
,
and
which
I
have
heard
the
Duke
say
,
perhaps
sowed
the
first
seeds
of
hatred
in
his
Majesties
heart
against
him
:
Neither
did
the
Duke
fail
,
like
a
true
friend
,
to
conjure
him
into
a
better
government
of
his
passion
,
left
his
wild
tongue
might
at
some
time
or
other
,
be
the
instrument
of
his
own
ruine
;
although
whatever
power
he
might
have
with
him
in
other
things
,
(
as
with
a
man
that
still
mindful
of
the
Duke
's
past
obligations
,
when
his
favour
had
given
him
many
opportunities
to
express
his
affection
to
him
,
was
much
at
his
devotion
)
yet
could
he
never
so
govern
the
unbridled
fierceness
of
his
〈◊〉
;
but
that
he
would
break
often
out
into
extravagancies
of
that
kind
.
As
the
surprizal
of
Amiens
had
suspended
all
propositions
of
Peace
,
Anno
1598.
that
had
before
been
preferr'd
by
the
Pope's
Legat
,
so
did
the
retaking
of
it
(
almost
of
course
)
set
them
again
on
foot
;
for
the
Spaniard
seeing
he
had
not
been
able
to
keep
a
place
of
that
importance
when
he
had
it
in
his
hands
,
and
apprehending
by
that
,
the
King's
Power
(
which
had
been
sufficiently
manifested
at
this
Siege
)
would
now
extend
it self
into
their
own
Territories
,
to
the
danger
of
their
strongest
,
and
best
Towns
,
of
themselves
renew'd
the
interrupted
Treaty
of
Peace
;
in
order
whereunto
,
the
Deputies
of
both
Crowns
being
met
at
Vervins
,
it
was
there
,
to
their
common
satisfaction
happily
concluded
.
That
which
I
observe
to
be
most
remarkable
in
this
Peace
,
is
,
that
the
King
,
what
necessity
soever
there
was
upon
him
of
regulating
the
disorders
of
his
own
Kingdom
,
which
were
many
(
a
thing
neuer
to
be
well
done
in
the
confusions
of
War
)
would
notwithstanding
never
consent
his
Deputies
should
meet
to
Treat
,
till
first
the
King
of
Spain
had
given
him
assurance
,
that
all
the
places
had
been
taken
from
him
in
this
last
War
should
be
restor'd
:
His
Majesty
choosing
rather
to
expose
his
Person
,
and
Kingdom
to
the
uncertain
event
of
another
War
,
than
that
his
Crown
should
suffer
the
l●ast
prejudice
by
a
Treaty
of
Peace
;
〈◊〉
although
he
had
hitherto
been
the
loser
,
yet
did
●is
courage
〈◊〉
him
hope
so
well
of
his
Fortune
,
as
to
believe
he
should
in
the
end
bring
her
over
to
his
own
side
.
So
brisk
an
Article
as
this
at
first
dash
,
and
before
the
King
would
proceed
to
any
further
Treaty
,
it
is
to
be
suppos'd
would
startle
the
Spanish
Gravity
,
and
must
reasonably
meet
with
great
difficulty
,
as
it
did
in
the
Councils
of
War
,
and
Privy
Council
of
Spain
,
it
being
evident
that
,
in
this
demand
,
the
King
would
impose
upon
them
who
were
the
Conquerors
the
same
conditions
he
should
have
done
,
had
they
been
already
overcome
,
which
made
it
suffer
a
long
Debate
,
though
at
last
it
was
condescended
to
;
The
peace
concluded
〈◊〉
Vervins
.
and
that
being
granted
,
no
other
difficulties
were
likely
to
arise
:
so
that
this
happy
Peace
was
Concluded
,
and
Sign'd
by
the
Commissioners
on
both
sides
,
the
second
of
May
1598.
By
the
Articles
of
this
Treaty
the
King
was
to
restore
the
County
of
Charolois
,
to
the
King
of
Spain
,
to
be
by
him
held
of
the
Crown
of
France
;
who
in
exchange
restor'd
the
Towns
of
Calice
,
Ardres
,
Monthulin
,
Dourlens
,
la
Capelle
,
and
le
Catelet
in
Picardy
,
and
Blavet
in
Britanny
:
which
Articles
were
Ratifi'd
,
and
Sign'd
by
his
Majesty
the
eleventh
of
Iune
;
who
in
gayety
of
humour
,
at
so
happy
a
conclusion
,
told
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
That
with
one
dash
of
his
Pen
he
had
done
greater
things
,
than
he
could
of
a
long
time
have
perform'd
with
the
best
Swords
of
his
Kingdom
.
This
Peace
was
no
sooner
concluded
,
but
that
the
Court
put
on
a
Face
far
different
from
that
wherewith
it
had
appear●d
when
shaded
,
and
overcast
,
with
the
tumult
and
trouble
of
War
and
Business
:
nothing
now
was
to
be
seen
,
but
State
,
and
Lustre
;
nor
was
any
thing
now
thought
on
,
but
Feasting
,
and
Mirth
,
which
also
was
much
added
to
,
by
the
celebration
of
several
Marriages
,
which
were
at
this
time
consummate
betwixt
some
persons
of
the
greatest
quality
of
the
Kingdom
:
The
Marriage
of
the
Duke
of
Montpensur
with
Katharine
de
Ioyeuse
,
now
Dutchess
of
Guise
,
and
Niece
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
For
Katharine
the
King
's
only
Sister
was
Married
to
the
Duke
of
Bar
,
Son
to
the
Duke
of
Lorain
;
and
Henry
of
Bourbon
Duke
of
Montpensier
Married
Katharine
de
●oyeuse
,
with
many
other
Marriages
betwixt
Persons
of
great
Quality
,
that
were
also
solemniz'd
at
the
same
time
:
but
it
not
being
my
design
to
meddle
with
those
wherein
the
Duke
of
Espernon
was
not
immediately
concern'd
,
I
shall
only
insist
upon
that
of
the
Duke
of
Montpensier
who
contracting
himself
to
so
near
a
Relation
of
the
Duke's
,
that
he
,
in
a
manner
supply'd
the
place
of
a
Father
to
her
,
it
will
be
necessary
I
should
say
something
of
the
reasons
,
and
conclusion
of
this
particular
Match
.
The
King
since
the
Duke's
return
from
Provence
,
had
never
exceeded
to
him
the
favour
of
meer
justice
;
he
had
,
it
is
true
,
left
him
free
in
the
enjoyment
of
his
Offices
,
his
Estate
,
and
Degree
,
without
doing
him
any
the
least
injury
in
any
thing
that
was
his
just
,
and
immediate
right
:
But
as
to
the
rest
,
his
Majesty
not
being
able
to
forget
his
formention'd
discontents
against
him
,
he
thought
he
did
him
a
signal
favour
,
in
that
he
forbore
to
do
him
any
publick
disgrace
.
In
this
condition
,
the
Duke
,
who
saw
himself
seated
at
Court
in
a
station
far
inferiour
to
that
wherein
he
had
formerly
been
,
suffer'd
not
a
little
in
his
own
bosom
from
the
King's
coldness
,
and
indifferency
to
him
:
yet
concealing
his
discontent
with
the
true
respect
he
ought
to
pay
his
Prince
,
and
Master
,
he
avoided
,
at
least
,
all
occasions
(
the
only
refuge
of
a
suspected
Minister
)
that
might
any
way
bring
him
into
a
greater
disgrace
:
Yet
even
in
this
condition
his
fortune
would
not
forsake
him
,
who
,
when
all
other
means
seem'd
to
be
lost
,
that
could
probably
restore
him
to
any
degree
of
his
former
prosperity
,
sprung
him
a
new
tide
to
his
stranded
greatness
,
and
such
an
one
,
as
not
only
lifted
him
off
those
sands
wherein
he
was
like
to
sink
,
and
perish
,
but
rais'd
him
again
to
such
a
reputation
,
as
was
no
little
support
to
his
declining
name
,
and
power
.
Kat●arine
de
Ioyeuse
(
whom
I
have
already
nam'd
)
was
only
Daughter
and
Heir
to
the
Count
de
Bouchage
,
and
Katharine
de
Nogaret
,
and
de
la
Valette
,
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
Sister
;
a
young
Lady
,
that
besides
the
advantages
of
her
Birth
,
and
Beauty
,
was
also
Mi●tr●●●
of
very
great
possessions
,
having
to
her
paternal
Estate
added
that
of
the
great
Favourite
the
Duke
of
Ioyeuse
,
as
she
also
was
in
expectation
of
that
of
the
Cardinal
de
Ioyeuse
her
Uncle
;
which
reckon'd
altogether
must
needs
make
up
so
vast
an
estate
,
as
must
without
dispute
,
entitle
her
the
greatest
Fortune
of
France
.
The
Duke
of
Montpensier
likewise
,
as
born
a
Prince
of
the
Blood
,
was
also
in
high
consideration
,
wherein
the
advantage
of
his
Fortune
concurr'd
with
the
eminency
of
his
Birth
,
he
having
alone
a
greater
Revenue
,
than
all
the
other
Princes
of
the
Blood
:
to
which
his
Valour
,
Liberality
,
and
Courtesie
,
with
other
good
qualities
he
was
Master
of
,
had
rais'd
him
to
a
very
great
esteem
with
the
King
,
and
made
him
no
less
a
Favourite
to
the
People
:
so
that
he
was
not
only
the
Aim
and
Ambition
of
the
best
Matches
of
France
;
but
stood
also
in
the
prospect
of
some
Forein
Princes
:
Amongst
these
the
Duke
of
Lorain
proceeded
so
far
,
as
to
offer
him
his
Daughter
(
who
was
afterwards
Married
to
the
Duke
of
Cleve's
)
with
eight
hundred
thousand
Crowns
to
her
Dowry
:
a
proposition
that
,
being
debated
in
the
Duke
of
Montpensier's
Council
,
was
very
much
lik'd
of
by
some
of
his
Servants
,
who
advis'd
him
to
prefer
this
Match
to
the
other
Inheretrix
of
the
House
of
Ioyeuse
;
the
fortune
of
the
last
,
being
part
of
it
yet
depending
;
whereas
the
offers
of
the
Duke
of
Lorain
being
present
,
and
effectual
,
would
very
much
advance
his
Affairs
,
and
establish
his
greatness
at
great
liberty
and
ease
.
I
have
been
inform'd
,
and
that
by
a
person
of
Quality
,
who
was
consulted
about
this
business
,
that
one
main
reason
which
induc'd
this
Prince
to
prefer
Madam●iselle
de
Ioyeuse
before
the
other
,
was
the
consideration
of
the
Duke
of
Esperno●
,
because
in
marrying
her
,
he
conceiv'd
he
should
at
the
same
time
espouse
her
Uncles
Interests
;
from
whose
Authority
he
promis'd
to
himself
greater
assistance
,
and
support
,
than
from
any
other
Peer
of
the
Kingdom
.
A
consideration
that
,
prevailing
above
all
other
with
the
Duke
of
Montpensier
,
dispos'd
him
determinately
to
resolve
upon
this
Match
,
to
which
,
by
a
particular
li●ing
,
he
was
before
enclin'd
.
Wherefore
having
without
further
deliberation
caus'd
it
,
by
some
Friends
of
his
,
to
be
propos'd
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
the
motion
was
by
him
,
who
took
it
for
a
great
honour
,
receiv'd
with
all
imaginable
respect
,
and
as
readily
consented
to
;
by
which
the
Duke
being
encourag'd
,
proceeded
further
to
move
it
to
the
King
himself
;
not
without
some
apprehension
nevertheless
,
that
the
aversion
his
Majesty
daily
discover'd
to
the
Duke
might
raise
some
difficulties
at
the
first
overture
of
his
design
,
though
his
fear
prov'd
vain
:
for
his
Majesty
seeing
it
would
be
a
Match
of
considerable
advantage
to
his
Kinsman
,
and
in
his
heart
acknowledging
the
Duke
of
Espernon
to
be
a
Subject
of
great
merit
,
though
,
for
some
private
discontents
,
not
very
acceptable
to
himself
,
was
not
unwilling
to
oblige
both
the
one
,
and
the
other
,
by
giving
his
free
consent
.
By
this
Marriage
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
Affairs
were
not
a
little
improv'd
,
and
if
,
on
the
one
side
,
he
(
by
the
consideration
of
his
desert
)
had
preferr'd
his
Niece
before
the
Daughter
of
a
Sovereign
Prince
;
she
on
the
other
side
,
by
a
very
good
return
was
acquit
of
that
obligation
,
by
introducing
her
Uncle
into
the
relation
and
support
of
a
great
Prince
of
the
Blood
,
by
whose
means
he
was
soon
after
honour'd
with
a
very
near
alliance
to
the
Royal
Family
.
The
Feasting
,
Anno
1599.
and
other
entertainments
of
the
Court
,
did
not
so
wholly
take
up
the
King
,
that
his
Majesty
was
not
nevertheless
very
intent
upon
his
Affairs
,
he
had
a
mind
to
see
an
end
of
the
Treaty
with
Savoy
,
which
was
not
yet
dispatch'd
,
though
it
had
been
compriz'd
in
the
Peace
concluded
betwixt
the
two
Crowns
at
Vervins
:
The
Duke
of
Savoy
had
desir'd
some
respite
to
consider
before
he
would
Seal
;
which
having
been
granted
to
him
,
and
he
not
being
able
to
perswade
himself
to
the
restitution
of
those
places
he
had
,
contrary
to
the
publick
Faith
,
surpriz'd
during
the
disorders
of
the
State
,
as
by
the
Articles
of
the
Treaty
he
had
been
oblig'd
to
do
:
he
had
no
mind
,
to
put
a
thing
to
Arbitration
he
was
certain
that
way
never
to
obtain
,
and
that
he
was
likewise
resolv'd
never
to
part
withal
.
The
Pope
whom
himself
had
nam'd
Arbiter
of
all
differences
betwixt
the
King
,
and
him
,
was
so
far
disoblig'd
by
the
diffidence
he
had
manifested
of
his
equal
judgment
(
which
the
Duke
had
cunningly
published
to
that
end
)
that
his
Holiness
had
excus'd
himself
from
intermedling
any
more
betwixt
them
;
a
thing
that
having
fall'n
out
according
to
the
Duke
of
Savoy's
hearts
desire
,
he
resolv'd
now
upon
a
Journey
into
France
,
to
try
if
by
his
submissions
to
the
King
,
his
dexterity
with
his
Ministers
,
or
his
liberalities
in
his
Court
,
he
could
not
procure
,
or
purchase
that
,
to
which
he
could
with
no
shew
of
equity
otherwise
pretend
:
but
all
his
policy
prov'd
vain
,
and
his
hopes
were
deluded
,
as
they
were
like
to
be
in
a
Court
where
the
King
himself
was
alone
the
greatest
,
and
wisest
part
of
the
Council
;
he
must
first
corrupt
him
,
or
at
least
very
much
deceive
him
,
before
he
could
perswade
him
to
consent
to
any
thing
prejudicial
to
his
Crown
,
and
Honour
.
The
Duke
of
Savoy
then
,
being
able
to
effect
nothing
by
artifice
,
resolv'd
at
last
upon
returning
into
his
own
Dukedom
:
yet
,
that
his
Journey
might
not
be
altogether
without
fruit
,
he
first
caus'd
the
Mareschal
de
Biron
to
be
dealt
withal
,
a
man
whom
he
conceiv'd
his
many
discontents
had
laid
open
to
his
temptation
;
and
him
he
first
tasted
by
Lafin
,
the
same
who
had
made
himself
a
Mediator
betwixt
the
Duke
of
Espernon
and
l'Esdiguieres
in
Provence
,
The
Duke
of
Savoy
begins
to
practice
with
the
Mareschal
de
Biron
.
and
who
therein
had
abus'd
them
both
.
This
fellow
of
a
turbulent
unquiet
Spirit
,
and
one
of
those
who
had
rather
be
doing
mischief
,
than
not
to
be
doing
at
all
,
was
of
late
wrigled
into
the
Duke
of
Savoy's
Favour
,
and
had
tasted
of
his
bounty
;
by
which
he
was
qualified
to
offer
from
the
Duke
one
of
his
Daughters
to
the
Mareschal
de
Biron
in
Marriage
,
and
with
her
several
Seigniories
to
be
held
in
Sovereignty
,
with
the
assistance
of
the
Forces
both
of
Spain
,
and
Savoy
,
to
maintain
him
in
Burgundy
:
A
Province
contiguous
to
their
own
Territories
.
Allurements
so
fitted
to
Birons
ambitious
and
mutinous
nature
,
that
he
lent
a
willing
ear
to
those
dangerous
propositions
,
and
,
as
some
have
believ'd
,
engag'd
himself
without
much
Ceremony
in
the
Treason
,
which
prov'd
at
last
his
dishonour
and
ruine
.
This
practice
with
Biron
was
the
only
thing
the
Duke
of
Savoy
,
with
all
his
policy
,
effected
in
France
:
which
nevertheless
he
thought
to
be
of
such
moment
,
as
made
him
afterwards
refuse
to
give
the
King
that
satisfaction
he
had
promis'd
,
and
so
to
build
upon
the
confidence
of
Biron's
revolt
,
that
having
,
before
his
departure
from
Paris
,
engag'd
either
to
surrender
to
his
Majesty
the
Marquisate
of
Saluzzo
,
or
la
Bresse
,
with
other
Dominions
at
his
own
choice
in
lieu
thereof
,
and
within
three
months
time
to
perform
it
;
he
had
now
no
more
regard
to
his
word
:
neither
would
do
the
one
nor
the
other
,
which
oblig'd
the
King
to
seek
that
satisfaction
by
force
of
Arms
,
he
could
by
no
other
means
obtain
,
as
he
evidently
saw
by
the
delays
and
equivocations
of
this
subtle
Prince
.
His
Majesty
had
before
he
resolv'd
upon
this
expedition
been
sufficiently
enform'd
of
what
means
had
been
us'd
to
corrupt
the
Mareschal
de
Biron
:
but
whether
it
were
that
he
really
believ'd
the
Mareschal
had
been
deaf
to
all
such
propositions
;
or
that
by
the
testimony
of
an
entire
confidence
in
his
Loyalty
this
generous
Prince
would
oblige
a
Subject
to
continue
firm
in
his
duty
,
who
by
his
brave
Service
had
deserv'd
so
well
of
the
Crown
,
and
to
look
back
into
his
error
,
before
he
was
gone
too
far
;
he
gave
him
the
Command
of
an
Army
against
the
Duke
of
Savoy
himself
,
with
orders
to
enter
by
the
way
of
his
own
Government
of
Burgundy
into
Bress
;
in
which
employment
Biron
so
well
conceal'd
his
practice
,
and
so
smartly
pursu'd
the
War
,
that
no
action
of
his
confess'd
,
the
least
intelligence
with
the
Enemy
.
L'Esdiguieres
also
,
who
at
the
same
time
enter'd
by
the
way
of
Dauphiné
into
Savoy
,
by
his
Valour
,
and
conduct
made
so
considerable
advances
into
that
Dutchy
,
that
betwixt
them
in
few
days
all
the
Territories
the
Savoyard
possess'd
on
this
side
the
Alpes
,
were
over-run
by
the
Royal
Arms
,
except
Montmelian
,
which
was
not
but
by
Siege
to
be
reduc'd
.
It
was
in
this
occasion
of
Montmelian
that
the
Duke
of
Esperpernon
did
the
King
a
very
signal
service
:
A
place
reputed
so
strong
,
and
that
had
been
so
fortified
,
and
furnish'd
,
with
all
provisions
of
War
by
the
Duke
of
Savoy
,
that
he
was
nothing
startled
at
his
other
losses
,
as
supposing
this
City
to
be
an
inexpugnable
Bulwark
against
whatever
could
be
attempted
against
him
.
A
confidence
wherein
he
found
himself
very
much
mistaken
;
for
the
Duke
of
Espernon
having
the
command
of
one
quarter
at
this
Siege
,
as
Biron
and
L'
Esdiguieres
had
of
the
other
two
,
whilst
they
were
on
all
hands
busie
in
their
approaches
,
found
opportunity
sometimes
to
confer
with
the
Count
de
Brandis
Governour
of
the
place
,
interviews
,
that
being
frequent
,
and
allow'd
by
the
King
,
wrought
at
last
so
good
an
effect
,
that
the
Governour
promis'd
to
surrender
the
City
to
the
King
,
if
within
a
month
the
Duke
of
Savoy
did
not
raise
the
Siege
.
A
Capitulation
of
that
dangerous
importance
to
the
Duke
that
he
labour'd
by
all
possible
ways
,
during
the
limited
term
to
perswade
the
Governour
into
a
better
resolution
,
and
had
so
wrought
upon
him
,
what
by
entreaty
,
promises
,
and
threats
,
that
he
was
grown
infinitely
wavering
,
and
uncertain
what
to
do
;
which
notwithstanding
the
Duke
of
Espernon
who
had
drawn
the
first
plot
of
this
great
design
,
happily
brought
it
to
perfection
in
the
end
;
he
absolutely
confirm'd
by
his
perswasion
the
anxious
Count
in
the
terms
of
his
first
Treaty
,
and
thereupon
receiv'd
new
Hostages
from
him
:
by
which
dexterity
he
rendred
himself
the
principal
,
and
most
effectual
instrument
of
his
Majesties
victories
in
that
Country
,
as
also
of
the
Peace
which
immediately
follow'd
the
Surrender
of
this
important
City
.
Whilst
the
King's
Designs
succeeded
at
this
fortunate
rate
in
this
little
Dukedom
,
the
Princes
of
Italy
apprehending
,
that
after
the
ruine
of
the
Duke
of
Savoy
,
the
sweetness
,
and
facility
of
that
Conquest
would
tempt
the
King
to
advance
further
into
the
Country
to
seek
new
Victories
,
were
instant
with
the
Pope
to
interpose
his
Authority
with
the
King
,
to
dispose
his
Majesty
to
accept
of
satisfaction
from
the
Duke
of
Savoy
for
what
had
past
,
that
an
Accommodation
might
ensue
:
to
which
his
Holiness
being
enclin'd
,
both
by
his
own
interests
(
which
could
by
no
means
admit
of
a
War
in
Italy
)
and
by
the
importunity
of
the
Princes
of
the
Country
,
The
Cardinal
Aldobrandino
sent
by
the
Pope
into
France
.
he
dispatch'd
away
Cardinal
Aldobrandino
his
own
Nephew
to
the
King
,
to
be
in
his
name
the
Mediator
of
this
Peace
,
as
the
Cardinal
de
Medicis
had
been
before
of
that
which
had
been
concluded
with
Spain
.
Never
Prince
came
from
that
Country
in
a
prouder
Equipage
,
nor
with
a
more
honourable
train
,
than
did
this
Cardinal
;
a
Magnificence
to
which
his
Majesty
being
willing
to
hold
proportion
,
both
in
regard
to
his
own
greatness
,
as
also
to
express
thereby
a
greater
respect
to
the
Pope
(
to
whom
he
was
highly
oblig'd
)
in
the
person
of
a
Kinsman
so
near
,
and
dear
unto
him
,
he
made
choice
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
amongst
all
the
other
Grandees
of
his
Court
,
to
be
the
man
should
receive
him
;
and
that
because
he
both
knew
him
to
be
a
person
very
acceptable
to
the
Holy
Sea
,
as
also
one
who
knew
as
well
how
to
behave
himself
for
his
Masters
honour
,
as
any
whoever
,
that
was
about
his
person
.
Neither
did
the
Duke
deceive
his
Majesty
in
his
choice
;
he
receiv'd
the
Cardinal
at
the
head
of
the
Army
,
which
before
had
been
drawn
up
into
Battalia
for
that
purpose
,
accompanied
with
the
most
sprightly
and
gay
Nobility
,
and
Gentry
of
the
Court
,
conducting
him
with
infinite
demonstrations
of
Honour
,
and
Respect
through
the
several
divisions
,
until
he
brought
him
into
the
presence
of
the
King
himself
;
and
though
I
must
tell
you
by
the
way
,
that
the
Duke
's
imperious
,
and
haughty
humour
was
naturally
very
averse
to
the
humility
of
Complement
,
and
the
submission
of
excessive
Civilities
;
yet
when
such
an
occasion
as
this
oblig'd
him
to
it
;
no
man
of
his
time
could
perform
such
a
Ceremony
with
a
better
grace
:
and
doubtless
,
if
at
ordinary
times
he
would
have
been
more
liberal
of
his
courtesie
,
and
have
added
that
to
those
other
excellent
qualities
,
which
made
him
admir'd
by
all
,
he
might
have
acquir'd
thereby
what
Friends
and
Servants
he
had
pleas'd
.
Soon
after
the
Legat's
arrival
the
Peace
of
Savoy
was
concluded
,
The
Peace
with
Savoy
concluded
.
wherein
a
Prince
,
whose
interest
it
was
to
recover
his
own
Dominions
almost
entirely
over-run
by
the
King
's
Victorious
Arms
,
was
now
to
redeem
his
own
with
what
he
had
surreptitiously
,
and
contrary
to
the
publick
Faith
snatch'd
from
the
King
,
during
the
disorders
of
his
Kingdom
,
and
which
his
Majesty
was
now
also
ready
to
force
from
him
,
as
he
had
already
done
the
greatest
part
of
his
own
hereditary
Territories
in
pursuit
of
that
Quarrel
:
So
that
the
Duke
of
Savoy
bought
his
Peace
at
a
cheap
rate
through
the
Pope's
timely
mediation
,
and
all
things
were
accommodated
that
were
in
dispute
betwixt
the
King
,
and
him
:
although
his
Majesty
,
who
very
well
knew
what
little
trust
was
to
be
repos'd
in
the
Faith
of
this
Prince
(
a
man
that
would
never
keep
his
word
when
it
was
for
his
advantage
to
break
it
)
would
by
no
means
be
perswaded
to
withdraw
his
Army
out
of
his
Dukedom
,
till
first
the
Articles
of
the
Treaty
were
perform'd
.
But
it
neither
suiting
with
decency
,
nor
the
dignity
of
his
Majesties
Royal
Person
himself
to
attend
the
execution
of
a
thing
already
concluded
,
he
return'd
into
France
,
leaving
the
command
of
his
Army
to
the
Count
de
Soissons
,
offering
at
the
same
time
the
command
of
Lieutenant
General
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
who
excus'd
himself
;
having
taken
up
a
resolution
never
to
serve
under
less
than
the
Person
of
a
King
;
as
hitherto
he
had
never
done
,
nor
ever
after
did
in
the
whole
course
of
his
life
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon
leaves
the
Court
to
go
into
Angoumois
,
and
goes
into
Guienne
.
He
therefore
went
back
with
the
King
,
whom
he
attended
as
far
as
Grenoble
;
from
whence
when
his
Majesty
departed
for
Lyons
to
consummate
his
Marriage
,
he
at
the
same
time
took
his
leave
to
return
again
into
his
Governments
of
Xaintonge
and
Angoumois
.
The
Duke's
journey
into
that
Country
gave
him
opportunity
to
pass
over
into
Gascony
to
view
the
Progress
of
his
Building
there
,
Anno
1600.
of
which
he
had
laid
the
foundation
at
Cadillac
in
the
year
1598.
For
the
King
,
after
he
had
concluded
the
Peace
with
Spain
,
from
that
time
forwards
,
not
only
wholly
bent
his
own
thoughts
to
the
Embellishment
of
his
Kingdom
(
in
which
his
principal
design
was
first
to
Build
his
Houses
,
and
to
Beautifie
Paris
with
many
great
and
noble
Structures
;
for
at
this
time
the
Buildings
of
the
Louvre
,
Fountain-bleau
,
and
other
Royal
Palaces
were
begun
;
as
also
the
designs
of
the
Pont-neuf
,
the
Place
Royal
,
with
other
proud
and
stately
AEdifices
were
continued
)
but
would
likewise
that
other
men
should
fall
in
love
with
the
same
humour
;
and
whether
it
were
that
his
Majesty
had
a
mind
his
greatest
Subjects
should
by
his
example
employ
themselves
in
the
same
designs
,
or
that
he
intended
(
as
some
have
suppos'd
)
insensibly
to
drein
their
purses
by
this
chargeable
employment
;
fearing
perhaps
that
too
great
abundance
of
wealth
might
make
them
more
apt
to
entertain
thoughts
,
and
practices
,
that
might
discompose
the
calm
of
Peace
his
Kingdom
was
now
settled
in
:
but
so
it
was
,
that
for
one
or
both
these
reasons
,
he
engag'd
the
greatest
part
of
his
Nobility
,
whom
he
knew
to
be
monied
men
,
in
vast
designs
of
this
kind
:
amongst
whom
his
Majesty
conceiving
the
Duke
of
Espernon
to
be
one
the
most
at
his
ease
,
he
was
so
importunate
with
him
,
as
to
cause
a
plot
for
Cadillac
to
be
design'd
in
his
own
Presence
,
order'd
the
charge
of
the
whole
to
be
cast
up
,
and
made
one
of
his
own
Architects
to
undertake
for
an
hundred
thousand
Crowns
to
begin
,
and
perfect
the
work
;
upon
which
assurance
the
Duke
(
as
has
been
said
)
in
the
year
1598
began
the
foundation
;
conceiving
that
such
a
summe
,
as
that
,
he
might
without
inconvenience
spare
to
gratifie
his
Masters
humour
;
though
time
afterwards
gave
him
to
understand
how
hard
a
thing
it
is
to
contain
a
man's
self
within
a
determinate
charge
,
after
he
has
once
set
his
hand
to
so
tempting
a
work
as
Building
:
this
Pile
,
before
it
was
finish'd
,
having
cost
him
above
two
millions
of
Livres
.
'T
is
very
true
,
(
and
which
seldom
happens
to
undertakers
of
such
vast
designs
)
that
with
this
infinite
expense
,
he
brought
the
greatest
,
and
most
stately
pile
of
Building
(
the
Royal
Houses
excepted
)
in
France
,
very
near
to
perfection
,
the
whole
body
of
the
Building
being
perfected
before
his
death
,
and
nothing
,
save
some
few
Ornaments
left
to
finish
;
neither
had
he
left
those
to
his
Successors
,
had
not
the
disgrace
of
being
withdrawn
from
his
Government
,
which
still
afflicted
him
,
diverted
his
thoughts
from
the
sole
care
of
that
design
.
The
Duke
(
as
has
been
said
)
being
come
into
Guienne
to
take
a
view
of
his
Building
,
A
dispute
betwixt
the
the
Duke
and
the
Mareschald'
Ornane
.
arriv'd
at
the
City
of
Bourdeaux
in
the
beginning
of
August
,
where
he
found
the
Mareschal
d'
Ornano
,
but
newly
there
establish'd
Lieutenant
for
the
King
by
the
decease
of
the
Mareschal
de
Matignon
,
who
died
of
an
Apoplexy
,
and
where
their
old
Animosities
,
though
great
,
were
nevertheless
on
both
sides
so
well
dissembled
,
as
not
to
hinder
a
mutual
Civility
betwixt
them
,
no
more
than
these
civilities
could
hinder
past
jealousies
from
breaking
out
upon
the
first
occasion
into
a
new
and
open
rupture
.
This
Mareschal
though
an
Alien
born
,
had
yet
by
his
Valour
and
Fidelity
acquir'd
so
great
a
reputation
in
France
,
as
in
the
Reign
of
Henry
the
III.
to
be
a
great
confident
to
that
Prince
;
to
whom
the
Duke
of
Espernon
having
been
a
principal
Favourite
,
it
is
nothing
strange
,
that
a
man
of
inferiour
credit
should
envy
another
in
a
higher
degree
of
Favour
:
neither
if
the
Mareschal
were
prepossess'd
with
this
antiquated
jealousie
,
was
the
Duke
on
his
part
insensible
of
the
recent
traverses
he
had
in
Provence
receiv'd
from
him
;
the
greatest
part
of
the
disgraces
he
had
met
with
in
that
Country
having
been
laid
in
his
way
by
the
opposition
of
l'
Esdiguieres
,
and
him
:
all
which
put
together
,
it
may
easily
be
imagin'd
were
likely
to
beget
no
very
good
blood
between
them
.
To
this
the
Mareschal
,
a
man
of
an
imperious
,
and
haughty
temper
,
and
who
only
under
a
forc'd
smoothness
conceal'd
a
natural
arrogance
,
could
with
no
patience
endure
a
Superiour
;
an
humour
that
made
him
with
great
anxiety
look
upon
the
Honours
,
which
at
the
Duke's
arrival
at
Burdeaux
,
he
receiv'd
from
the
Parliament
,
with
the
other
Orders
of
the
City
,
and
which
were
also
continued
to
him
by
the
Nobility
at
Cadillac
,
who
from
all
parts
came
in
to
do
him
Honour
:
But
if
his
impatience
were
great
before
,
it
was
rais'd
up
to
the
height
,
when
he
knew
the
Duke
(
who
well
enform'd
of
his
dissatisfaction
,
to
make
it
yet
more
)
had
invited
all
the
Nobility
,
and
Gentry
of
the
Country
to
Bordeaux
to
a
publick
running
at
the
Ring
;
a
solemnity
that
being
there
to
be
kept
where
he
was
in
Supreme
Command
,
the
Duke
knew
would
much
more
nettle
,
and
afflict
him
.
It
is
very
true
,
that
the
Duke
might
have
forborn
this
Bravado
to
a
man
,
whom
he
knew
to
be
so
tender
of
his
Honour
,
as
the
Mareschal
d'
Ornano
was
;
and
perhaps
it
was
not
well
done
to
offer
that
to
another
,
he
himself
would
never
have
endur'd
from
any
man
living
in
a
place
where
he
had
commanded
in
Chief
:
but
having
once
engag'd
in
the
business
,
his
great
spirit
(
whatever
might
succeed
)
would
by
no
means
give
him
leave
to
desist
,
especially
when
he
knew
the
Mareschal
was
resolv'd
by
open
force
to
oppose
him
.
This
was
that
,
which
made
what
was
before
only
a
private
discontent
,
to
break
out
into
open
quarrel
,
which
grew
so
high
that
the
Mareschal
address'd
himself
to
the
Parliament
;
where
,
in
the
presence
of
them
all
,
he
complain'd
what
a
commotion
the
Duke
went
about
to
stir
up
amongst
the
people
,
to
the
prejudice
,
as
he
pretended
,
of
his
Majesties
Affairs
;
acquainting
them
at
the
same
time
with
his
resolution
to
make
his
Garrison
stand
to
their
Arms
,
to
play
his
Cannon
,
and
in
fine
to
do
what
in
him
lay
,
with
all
the
power
,
and
authority
he
had
to
break
that
appointment
,
and
to
drive
the
Duke
from
the
City
.
This
declaration
from
a
man
of
his
furious
spirit
,
as
it
very
much
troubled
the
whole
Assembly
,
so
it
gave
the
first
President
D'
Affis
(
one
of
the
greatest
men
that
Society
ever
had
since
its
first
institution
,
and
a
particular
friend
of
the
Duke's
,
having
by
him
in
his
times
of
favour
been
rais'd
to
that
dignity
)
occasion
to
make
use
of
his
Eloquence
in
the
best
Arguments
he
could
contrive
to
disswade
the
Mareschal
from
that
determination
;
but
all
in
vain
,
he
had
already
given
out
his
orders
,
and
summon'd
the
Gentry
to
come
in
to
his
assistance
,
though
not
a
man
,
save
only
one
call'd
Ruat
,
would
appear
:
a
thing
,
which
though
perfectly
true
,
appears
almost
incredible
,
that
a
Governour
of
so
great
Authority
and
Repute
should
be
able
to
procure
no
more
than
one
single
man
,
to
serve
him
against
the
Duke
of
Espernon
in
his
own
Government
.
Neither
were
the
people
better
dispos'd
,
than
the
Nobility
and
Gentry
,
to
take
Arms
against
the
Duke
;
all
men
on
the
contrary
,
of
any
note
,
both
within
,
and
without
the
City
,
so
manifestly
appearing
for
him
,
that
the
Governour
was
forc'd
to
arm
his
Garrison
of
Corses
,
and
to
call
his
Company
of
Gens-d'Armes
out
of
their
Country
Quarters
into
the
Town
,
which
were
yet
apparently
too
weak
to
execute
the
Mareschal's
design
.
And
this
was
in
effect
the
main
cause
that
hindred
things
from
proceeding
into
a
greater
disorder
,
the
Duke
,
satisfied
with
the
advantage
every
one
plainly
saw
he
had
over
his
Enemy
,
being
the
more
easily
enclin'd
to
the
Parliaments
solicitations
;
who
had
sent
their
second
President
Nesmond
to
him
,
to
entreat
he
would
not
persist
in
his
first
resolution
:
at
whose
instance
,
and
being
loath
to
disturb
the
Peace
of
his
Country
,
as
also
to
expose
the
great
number
of
Gentlemen
of
Quality
,
who
were
about
him
against
a
Garrison
in
his
own
particular
quarrel
,
and
having
a
greater
inclination
to
decide
it
in
his
own
person
(
when
it
might
be
done
with
less
noise
and
tumult
)
with
the
Mareschal
man
to
man
,
he
was
content
to
let
things
rest
,
till
a
fitter
opportunity
,
and
quietly
departed
the
City
to
his
own
house
.
In
this
Journey
to
Cadillac
he
was
accompanied
with
President
Nesmond
,
a
Gentleman
of
great
merit
,
and
his
particular
friend
(
for
whom
after
the
death
of
President
D'
Affis
he
obtained
the
Dignity
of
first
President
during
the
Regency
of
the
Queen
Mother
)
with
many
other
Principal
Members
of
that
Parliament
and
City
;
whither
he
was
no
sooner
come
,
but
that
the
Gentry
of
the
Higher
Gascony
,
at
the
report
of
this
Quarrel
,
flock'd
to
him
in
so
great
a
number
,
that
scarce
any
occasion
could
have
hapned
,
wherein
his
interest
in
that
Country
could
have
been
more
manifestly
seen
.
And
here
the
Duke
,
environ'd
with
so
many
of
his
Friends
,
pass'd
his
time
in
that
jollity
and
mirth
,
and
appear'd
so
little
concern'd
at
any
thing
that
had
pass'd
betwixt
the
Mareschal
d'
Ornano
and
him
,
as
made
every
one
certainly
believe
all
had
been
absolutely
forgot
:
where
,
after
having
spent
some
days
,
and
his
company
being
retir'd
to
their
own
houses
,
he
himself
also
departed
to
go
visit
his
paternal
estate
,
and
from
thence
to
Tholouse
.
From
hence
it
was
,
that
whilst
every
one
thought
him
more
intent
upon
his
recreations
,
than
mindful
of
his
quarrel
,
he
dispatch'd
away
a
Page
of
his
call'd
Talanges
,
who
continued
long
after
in
his
Service
,
to
the
Mareschal
d'
Ornano
with
a
Challenge
,
which
I
will
here
present
my
Reader
word
for
word
,
as
I
transcrib'd
it
from
the
original
draught
under
the
Duke
's
own
hand
;
wherein
,
though
there
be
no
studied
stile
,
there
is
nevertheless
something
of
a
natural
,
and
easie
bluntness
,
that
methinks
sounds
better
,
than
if
it
had
been
couch'd
with
greater
care
and
art
:
the
words
are
these
.
Sir
,
I
make
no
doubt
,
but
that
,
when
the
toy
took
you
to
commit
the
action
,
and
to
make
the
bustle
you
did
against
me
at
Bordeaux
,
the
last
of
August
,
you
did
then
believe
,
knowing
me
for
such
,
as
the
men
of
Honour
of
this
Kingdom
know
me
to
be
,
that
that
Carriage
of
yours
must
needs
give
me
a
just
desire
to
talk
with
you
,
as
indeed
I
passionately
do
,
and
that
after
the
manner
commonly
practis'd
by
men
of
honour
of
my
Profession
;
which
is
the
reason
I
have
sent
this
Page
on
purpose
to
let
you
know
,
that
I
am
going
to
Court
,
where
I
shall
wait
four
months
in
expectation
,
either
by
return
of
this
Bearer
,
or
by
what
other
honourable
way
you
shall
think
fit
,
of
an
assignment
from
you
,
of
a
day
,
and
place
where
I
may
have
the
happiness
to
embrace
you
in
your
Shirt
,
with
the
Arms
of
a
Cavalier
,
which
are
a
Sword
,
and
Poignard
:
that
I
may
there
let
you
see
it
is
not
in
the
power
of
a
Corse
to
affront
a
Gentleman
of
France
,
who
remains
yours
to
serve
you
as
much
as
by
the
courtesie
you
have
shew'd
to
him
he
stands
oblig'd
.
From
Tholouse
the
7th
.
of
September
.
Sign'd
,
I.
Lewis
de
la
Valette
.
And
in
a
Postscript
,
I
do
assure
you
upon
my
Faith
,
that
no
one
living
knows
a
syllable
of
what
I
have
written
to
you
,
not
the
Page
himself
;
and
I
do
believe
you
to
be
so
much
a
man
of
Honour
,
as
to
carry
it
with
the
same
secresie
.
The
Page
arriv'd
in
a
disguise
at
Bordeaux
,
where
he
found
opportunity
to
deliver
his
Letter
,
and
,
without
being
discover'd
by
any
,
return'd
to
seek
out
his
Master
at
Paris
:
but
the
Mareschals
action
had
made
such
a
noise
,
that
(
what
secresie
soever
could
be
us'd
)
it
was
hardly
possible
,
but
it
must
come
to
the
King's
knowledge
;
and
accordingly
at
the
Duke's
arrival
at
Court
,
his
Majesty
question'd
him
about
it
,
when
,
although
the
Duke
made
a
shew
of
being
wholly
unconcern'd
,
yet
his
Majesty
having
had
intelligence
,
by
other
hands
,
than
either
by
the
Duke
,
or
any
of
his
people
of
the
Challenge
that
had
pass'd
,
positively
commanded
him
to
engage
his
word
that
things
should
proceed
no
further
;
promising
him
withal
,
that
he
should
have
all
satisfaction
he
could
himself
in
Honour
desire
:
a
thing
the
Duke
in
obedience
to
his
Masters
absolute
pleasure
could
by
no
means
refuse
;
though
by
some
Libels
that
came
out
after
in
the
Mareschals
name
,
he
was
infinitely
exasperated
,
and
desir'd
nothing
more
,
than
to
come
to
the
decision
of
Arms.
The
Mareschal
was
soon
after
summon'd
to
Court
,
Anno
1601.
where
being
arriv'd
,
and
his
Majesty
having
heard
both
parties
concerning
the
occasion
of
their
Quarrel
,
order'd
for
the
Duke
this
satisfaction
:
which
Writing
I
found
in
the
same
bundle
with
the
Challenge
.
That
which
was
said
by
the
Mareschal
d'
Ornano
in
the
presence
of
the
King
,
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
My
Lord
,
To
explain
my self
,
The
King
reconciles
the
Duke
and
the
Mareschal
.
and
to
satisfie
you
concerning
what
lately
pass'd
at
Bordeaux
,
I
shall
in
the
first
place
assure
you
,
that
I
never
knew
,
or
esteem'd
you
for
other
,
than
his
Majesties
most
faithful
Subject
,
and
Servant
;
that
such
I
ever
have
,
and
ever
shall
declare
you
to
be
.
It
is
very
true
that
a
jealousie
,
some
flying
rumours
,
which
I
too
easily
believ'd
,
possess'd
me
withall
,
made
me
do
things
,
which
having
found
those
reports
altogether
false
,
I
have
since
been
very
much
afflicted
at
,
I
never
having
any
intention
to
offend
you
;
and
I
could
wish
I
had
given
a
great
deal
I
had
never
done
them
:
I
do
therefore
entreat
you
to
excuse
me
,
and
to
believe
me
to
be
your
Friend
,
and
one
that
has
a
desire
to
do
you
Service
.
As
for
the
Manifesto
,
I
am
so
far
from
approving
any
such
thing
,
that
I
never
so
much
as
saw
it
,
never
caus'd
it
to
be
writ
;
and
ever
have
,
and
do
now
disown
the
man
that
did
it
.
This
was
that
which
was
said
in
the
presence
of
the
King
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon
to
the
Mareschal
d'
Ornano
.
Sir
,
Since
the
King
is
pleas'd
to
think
what
you
have
said
to
be
a
sufficient
satisfaction
,
that
you
entreat
me
to
forget
what
is
past
,
and
desire
my
friendship
,
I
rest
satisfied
;
and
shall
be
,
as
I
have
been
heretofore
your
friend
to
serve
you
.
At
St.
Germans
en
Laye
the
25.
of
March
,
1601.
Sign'd
Henry
,
and
below
Potier
.
It
was
not
without
many
difficulties
that
matters
were
thus
compos'd
betwixt
them
,
the
Duke
desiring
something
more
for
his
satisfaction
,
and
the
Mareschal
on
his
part
ill
digesting
the
distinction
the
King
had
made
betwixt
to
serve
you
,
and
to
do
you
service
:
but
that
which
touch'd
him
most
to
the
quick
was
,
that
his
Majesty
by
one
of
the
conditions
of
Accommodation
,
gave
the
Duke
,
liberty
when
ever
he
thought
fit
,
to
call
together
the
same
Assembly
in
Bordeaux
,
which
had
begot
the
former
dispute
;
commanding
the
Mareschal
not
to
oppose
it
:
A
Licence
without
which
the
Duke
conceiv'd
his
affront
could
not
be
wip'd
off
.
And
accordingly
he
some
time
after
return'd
to
Bordeaux
,
to
have
made
use
of
his
Priviledge
,
though
it
was
then
also
interrupted
by
an
accident
,
of
which
in
its
due
place
we
shall
give
a
further
accompt
.
This
satisfaction
the
King
order'd
for
the
Duke
,
though
very
sufficient
of
it self
,
was
not
however
the
only
testimony
his
Majesty
gave
him
of
his
Royal
Bounty
and
Justice
in
this
occasion
;
for
the
offence
having
been
publick
,
his
Majesty
thought
fit
that
beside
the
satisfaction
had
been
given
in
private
,
the
Mareschal
should
moreover
pay
the
Duke
some
publick
civilities
,
to
evidence
an
absolute
disowning
of
the
Act
:
it
was
therefore
order'd
,
that
the
Duke
going
to
Loches
,
as
it
was
determined
he
should
do
,
(
I
believe
for
that
purpose
)
the
Mareschal
,
who
at
the
same
time
was
upon
his
Journey
into
his
Government
,
should
give
him
a
visit
by
the
way
,
as
he
did●
;
by
whom
the
King
writ
a
very
obliging
Letter
to
the
Duke
,
wherein
he
commanded
him
to
entertain
the
Mareschal
as
His
Friend
;
a
command
that
was
also
on
the
Duke's
part
so
punctually
obey'd
,
that
the
visit
was
pass'd
over
with
great
civility
on
both
sides
:
wherein
the
justice
of
this
generous
,
and
excellent
Prince
was
eminently
manifest
,
who
would
use
a
man
at
this
obliging
rate
,
that
had
no
share
in
his
Royal
Favour
.
Not
long
after
this
Accommodation
,
the
11th
.
of
September
the
same
year
,
the
Court
was
wholly
possess'd
with
the
joy
all
good
Frenchmen
were
full
of
,
for
the
Birth
of
the
young
Dolphin
,
whom
we
have
since
seen
live
a
long
and
a
glorious
Reign
,
under
the
name
of
Lewis
the
XIII
,
The
birth
of
the
Dolphin
,
afterwards
Lewis
the
XIII
.
of
all
other
,
a
blessing
of
the
greatest
importance
that
could
at
that
time
possibly
have
hapned
to
the
King
,
and
Kingdom
:
in
him
all
pretense
of
past
disturbances
being
determined
,
as
the
publick
Peace
seem'd
to
be
for
ever
secur'd
.
There
was
now
no
mutinous
Subject
,
nor
no
ambitious
Neighbour
,
who
seeing
themselves
fall'n
from
their
unjust
,
and
imaginary
pretensions
to
the
Crown
,
did
not
covet
the
favour
,
and
friendship
of
a
Prince
so
apparently
favour'd
by
the
care
of
Heaven
:
but
if
on
that
side
the
Duke
with
other
vertuous
Subjects
of
his
condition
,
was
in
a
high
rapture
of
joy
,
there
hapned
to
him
soon
after
great
occasions
of
affliction
,
that
involv'd
him
in
no
few
,
not
no
little
inconveniencies
,
which
befel
him
by
the
discovery
of
the
Conspiracy
of
the
Mareschal
Biron
,
that
came
to
light
in
the
beginning
of
the
ensuing
year
;
wherein
we
shall
notwithstanding
see
,
that
although
this
business
begat
him
trouble
,
and
disgrace
in
the
beginning
,
yet
it
brought
him
honour
and
satisfaction
in
the
end
:
having
given
him
opportunity
at
once
to
express
his
constant
affection
to
his
friend
,
and
his
inviolate
Fidelity
to
the
King
his
Master
.
I
have
already
made
mention
of
the
great
friendship
that
was
contracted
betwixt
the
Duke
,
Anno
1602.
and
the
Mareschal
Biron
,
one
of
the
most
constant
,
The
Conspiracy
of
M●reschal
Biron
,
and
the
Duke's
carriage
in
that
business
.
and
sincere
I
have
known
,
their
interests
ever
being
one
,
and
the
same
,
and
their
affections
so
united
in
all
things
,
that
nothing
was
a
secret
betwixt
them
,
if
not
in
what
concern'd
the
interest
of
the
King
and
Kingdom
:
but
as
to
concerns
of
that
nature
,
what
confidence
soever
the
Mareschal
had
in
the
Duke's
friendship
it
is
certain
,
he
had
ever
so
great
a
respect
to
his
fidelity
,
and
did
believe
him
so
impossible
to
be
debauch'd
from
his
duty
,
that
he
never
communicated
to
him
the
least
syllable
of
any
thought
he
had
conceiv'd
to
the
prejudice
of
the
one
,
or
the
other
:
though
it
is
to
be
wish'd
,
for
the
preservation
of
so
brave
a
man
he
had
done
it
,
because
then
the
Duke
would
doubtless
have
perswaded
him
into
better
resolutions
.
The
King
,
who
was
very
well
acquainted
with
all
his
designs
,
would
himself
sometimes
talk
to
him
in
terms
easie
enough
to
be
understood
,
on
purpose
to
make
him
come
to
himself
,
to
see
his
error
,
and
to
reconcile
himself
sincerely
to
a
Prince
,
who
proceeded
with
that
tenderness
towards
him
,
and
who
was
pleas'd
in
his
behalf
to
moderate
the
absolute
Authority
,
the
knowledge
of
his
Crime
,
and
his
own
Royal
Power
gave
him
over
his
Life
,
and
Fortune
;
but
that
would
not
reclaim
him
:
That
way
then
failing
,
and
his
Majesties
obliging
language
to
him
wanting
force
to
make
that
impression
upon
his
obstinate
spirit
,
he
could
have
desir'd
,
his
Majesty
try'd
yet
further
to
overcome
him
by
testimonies
of
confidence
in
his
Loyalty
,
and
to
divert
him
from
criminal
thoughts
by
conferring
upon
him
his
employments
of
Trust
,
and
Honour
;
amongst
which
that
of
Ambassador
into
England
was
one
.
The
King
being
in
Picardy
,
receiv'd
a
Complement
from
Elizabeth
Queen
of
England
,
wherein
she
earnestly
solicited
the
King
for
an
enterview
betwixt
them
,
at
any
place
he
himself
would
appoint
;
a
request
that
his
Majesty
not
thinking
it
convenient
to
gratifie
her
in
,
he
dispatch'd
away
to
her
the
Mareschal
Biron
,
as
it
were
his
second
self
,
to
make
his
excuse
,
and
to
Treat
with
her
with
all
freedom
of
their
most
private
Affairs
.
An
employment
wherein
Biron
receiv'd
extraordinary
Honours
,
as
also
several
cautions
from
this
prudent
Princess
,
enough
to
have
diverted
him
from
his
evil
designs
,
had
not
his
destiny
already
blinded
his
judgment
,
and
rendred
him
incapable
of
counsel
.
She
often
laid
before
him
the
recent
,
and
sad
example
of
the
late
Earl
of
Essex
;
she
represented
unto
him
what
a
Subject
ought
to
apprehend
even
from
the
greatness
of
his
own
Service
,
and
Merit
,
if
his
Ambition
was
not
moderated
by
prudence
,
and
whether
it
were
that
she
had
had
some
inckling
(
as
many
have
believ'd
)
of
Biron's
designs
,
or
that
she
only
intended
by
such
discourses
to
justifie
the
execution
of
that
unfortunate
Earl
,
she
laid
before
him
a
perfect
image
of
his
own
unhappy
destiny
;
though
all
was
lost
to
a
man
obstinately
bent
to
his
own
ruine
.
This
Queen
also
having
heard
of
the
strict
friendship
betwixt
the
Mareschal
,
and
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
desir'd
him
at
parting
to
tell
the
Duke
from
her
,
that
if
,
of
his
three
Sons
(
which
she
own'd
for
her
Kinsmen
,
and
Princes
of
her
Kingdom
)
he
would
send
her
one
,
she
should
gladly
receive
him
upon
his
accompt
;
and
that
the
world
might
see
the
esteem
she
had
of
the
Fathers
Merit
,
would
not
deprive
his
Posterity
of
that
place
in
her
Kingdom
,
which
was
due
to
the
House
of
Candale
;
wherein
she
had
only
one
condition
to
make
,
which
was
,
that
the
Duke
should
give
way
,
that
a
Son
of
his
so
sent
,
should
be
bred
up
in
her
Religion
;
the
only
one
she
could
by
any
means
suffer
in
her
Kingdom
:
A
Complement
that
the
Duke
thinking
himself
oblig'd
to
take
notice
of
,
he
presented
her
Majesty
with
his
most
humble
thanks
for
the
Honour
she
was
pleas'd
to
do
him
,
and
his
Family
in
so
gracious
an
offer
;
but
that
he
should
ever
prefer
any
Fortune
or
Condition
his
Children
could
attain
unto
in
France
,
making
profession
of
the
Catholick
Religion
,
before
any
advantages
could
derive
to
them
in
a
belief
contrary
to
his
own
.
The
Mareschal
,
at
his
return
from
England
puff'd
up
more
than
ever
with
the
vanity
of
his
Ambition
,
and
big
with
the
Idea
of
those
imaginary
Principalities
,
the
Spaniard
,
and
the
Duke
of
Savoy
had
baited
their
practices
withal
to
catch
him
,
could
now
no
longer
contain
himself
within
the
simple
meditation
of
his
Treason
,
but
began
to
deal
with
some
persons
of
Quality
in
the
Kingdom
,
and
endeavour'd
to
raise
a
commotion
in
Perigort
,
where
the
best
part
of
his
Estate
,
his
Relations
,
and
chiefest
Friendships
lay
:
amongst
whom
the
Duke
de
Bouillion
is
said
to
be
invited
into
his
party
to
introduce
those
of
the
Reformed
Religion
into
that
Country
:
Intelligence
whereof
being
brought
to
the
King
,
his
Majesty
concern'd
at
the
importance
of
the
thing
,
and
justly
provok'd
at
the
Mareschals
ingratitude
,
immediately
took
the
Field
,
with
a
resolution
to
stifle
these
disorders
in
their
birth
;
when
considering
with
himself
,
that
if
he
should
fail
of
securing
the
Head
of
the
Faction
,
whatever
he
could
do
besides
,
would
signifie
nothing
to
the
remedy
of
the
disease
,
and
that
whilst
he
should
be
upon
his
March
,
his
own
promptitude
and
vigilancy
would
but
serve
to
alarm
Subjects
already
made
jealous
by
the
conscience
of
their
own
Crimes
;
he
broke
off
his
intended
expedition
,
and
return'd
back
again
to
Fountain-bleau
,
from
whence
he
had
before
departed
:
and
where
being
settled
,
he
wholly
bent
his
thoughts
how
to
get
the
Mareschal
into
his
power
;
who
being
in
Burgundy
(
the
neighbourhood
of
that
Province
to
Savoy
favouring
his
designs
)
did
at
great
ease
maintain
his
Correspondence
with
the
Confederate
Princes
.
Neither
was
this
a
thing
to
be
effected
without
great
conduct
,
that
a
person
of
his
merit
and
reputation
might
not
be
driven
to
the
last
extremities
of
despair
.
His
Majesty
therefore
,
that
he
might
effect
his
design
without
noise
,
spake
upon
all
occasions
in
publick
,
very
much
to
the
Mareschals
advantage
;
nor
was
that
all
,
he
gave
him
moreover
a
very
honourable
,
Bir●n
in
this
Journey
betwixt
Dijon
and
Montbelli●rd
,
was
for
four
hours
together
in
private
Conference
with
Wattevile
the
Duke
of
Savoy's
Age●t
.
D
▪
Serres
,
page
978.
and
a
very
important
Commission
,
to
go
renew
an
Alliance
with
the
Swisse
:
an
Affair
wherein
,
though
many
difficulties
arose
,
yet
the
King
who
would
by
no
means
have
Biron
baffled
in
his
Negotiation
,
by
sending
a
million
of
Livers
along
with
him
,
put
him
into
a
condition
of
making
all
things
succeed
according
to
his
Majesties
own
desire
.
This
was
the
last
Service
this
Mareschal
perform'd
for
the
Crown
,
wherein
he
acquitted
himself
very
much
to
his
Honour
,
and
wherein
the
reputation
of
his
Valour
prevail'd
much
upon
that
warlike
People
;
it
has
been
said
his
dexterity
did
no
less
.
And
here
I
shall
insert
by
the
way
,
that
those
who
have
believ'd
the
Mareschal
to
have
no
more
in
his
conduct
,
than
the
meer
brutality
of
a
rough
humourous
Souldier
,
were
not
at
all
acquainted
with
him
:
he
was
read
to
a
sufficient
knowledge
of
Latin
,
and
Greek
Letters
;
and
when
ever
he
would
make
use
of
his
Judgment
and
Eloquence
,
whether
in
Negotiations
,
or
Councils
,
in
War
or
Affairs
of
State
,
he
ever
express'd
himself
to
be
a
man
of
no
common
qualities
.
His
Majesty
had
thought
by
these
testimonies
of
his
trust
,
the
Mareschal
would
have
been
allur'd
to
Court
,
to
have
given
an
accompt
of
the
good
success
of
his
Negotiation
;
where
he
hop'd
,
without
further
trouble
,
he
might
easily
secure
his
Person
;
but
with
what
gentle
language
soever
the
King
could
flatter
his
vanity
,
it
was
impossible
to
perswade
him
into
that
Journey
,
so
many
Accusers
,
and
Witnesses
of
his
Guilt
he
found
in
his
own
Conscience
against
him
.
His
Majesty
therefore
not
being
able
to
bring
about
his
design
by
this
way
,
and
unwilling
to
live
any
longer
in
the
apprehensions
he
had
been
put
into
by
the
Mareschal's
practice
,
resolv'd
at
last
by
a
manifest
disobedience
to
extract
from
him
a
confession
of
his
fault
,
which
should
either
give
him
a
reasonable
colour
to
proceed
against
the
Mareschal
as
a
Criminal
,
and
a
Rebel
;
or
otherwise
oblige
him
to
come
,
and
deliver
himself
into
his
hands
.
He
therefore
first
dispatch'd
away
to
him
the
Sieur
d'
Escures
,
Quartermaster-General
of
his
Armies
;
a
man
very
acceptable
to
the
Mareschal
,
and
in
great
credit
with
him
,
for
having
long
serv'd
under
his
Command
,
and
immediately
after
President
Ianin
,
who
also
by
his
wisdom
,
and
experience
had
won
so
great
an
esteem
with
the
foresaid
Mareschal
,
that
he
would
seldom
undertake
any
business
of
any
great
moment
without
first
consulting
this
politick
Minister
.
These
two
were
sent
with
express
Orders
to
represent
to
Biron
part
of
the
ill
Offices
had
been
done
him
to
the
King
;
to
which
they
added
,
That
all
the
endeavour
of
his
best
Friends
could
not
so
justifie
his
actions
to
the
King
,
that
his
Majesty
had
not
his
fidelity
in
suspicion
,
until
he
should
receive
his
justification
from
his
own
mouth
:
that
since
only
himself
could
defend
himself
from
Calumny
,
there
was
nothing
to
be
deliberated
of
in
the
case
,
and
that
he
must
suddenly
resolve
,
either
to
give
an
accompt
of
his
actions
to
the
King
,
or
declare
himself
his
Majesties
open
Enemy
,
maintain
an
impudent
War
against
his
Prince
,
and
have
himself
and
his
Posterity
branded
with
the
durtiest
and
most
hateful
of
all
Crimes
,
to
wit
,
a
Traytor
to
his
Benefactor
,
King
,
and
Country
,
that
he
had
to
do
with
a
Prince
,
whose
Clemency
was
so
well
known
to
none
,
as
to
himself
,
who
had
his
great
Services
fresh
in
his
memory
,
who
expected
no
less
from
his
Courage
and
Fidelity
for
the
time
to
come
,
and
whose
interest
it
was
as
much
to
preserve
him
(
knowing
,
as
his
Majesty
very
well
did
,
the
utility
of
his
Service
)
as
it
was
to
preserve
himself
,
whose
authority
was
to
be
maintain'd
,
and
establish'd
by
men
of
his
Conduct
and
Valour
.
Remonstrances
from
men
he
lov'd
,
and
esteem'd
,
by
which
Biron
was
so
encourag'd
,
and
believing
that
Lafin
had
said
nothing
against
him
(
as
he
had
often
,
and
fasly
assur'd
him
)
that
he
resolv'd
upon
going
to
Court
;
in
order
whereunto
he
presently
set
forth
,
taking
the
Road
of
Paris
in
the
Company
of
President
Ianin
only
,
d'
Escures
having
been
sent
away
before
to
carry
news
of
his
coming
.
The
strict
,
and
inviolate
Friendship
that
all
the
world
knew
to
be
betwixt
the
Duke
,
and
the
Mareschal
,
soon
rendred
the
first
suspected
of
having
a
hand
in
the
other's
designs
;
neither
was
the
Duke
ignorant
that
his
Enemies
labour'd
with
all
the
Artifice
they
had
,
to
involve
him
in
his
Friends
Treason
;
but
how
perfect
soever
he
was
in
their
malicious
practice
,
and
how
clearly
soever
he
foresaw
the
dangerous
consequences
were
likely
to
attend
a
business
of
this
nature
,
he
was
resolute
nevertheless
,
with
a
generosity
hardly
to
be
parallel'd
in
so
critical
an
occasion
,
to
be
no
ways
wanting
to
his
friend
:
wherefore
having
notice
that
the
Mareschal
was
drawing
near
to
Paris
,
and
that
a
caution
,
which
would
now
come
too
late
to
divert
him
from
coming
to
the
King
(
a
thing
he
would
by
no
means
have
advis'd
him
from
)
might
perhaps
awake
his
judgment
,
and
make
him
appeal
to
his
Majesties
mercy
,
he
sent
the
Sieur
du
Plessis
Baussonniere
,
a
man
in
whom
he
had
an
absolute
confidence
,
to
meet
him
upon
the
way
.
This
Gentleman
had
put
himself
into
the
Duke's
dependence
in
his
younger
years
,
and
having
left
his
Studies
,
wherein
he
had
made
a
considerable
progress
,
had
follow'd
,
and
serv'd
him
in
Provence
,
commanding
the
Regiment
of
Pernes
his
Brother
in-law
,
all
the
while
the
Duke
was
there
in
action
;
after
which
,
during
the
whole
time
of
the
Duke's
life
,
which
was
very
long
,
he
was
by
him
continually
employ'd
in
his
greatest
,
and
most
important
Affairs
;
in
which
he
ever
gave
so
good
an
accompt
of
his
Conduct
,
and
Fidelity
,
that
there
was
scarce
any
Gentleman
of
his
time
in
a
higher
reputation
for
Valour
,
Prudence
,
and
Integrity
;
insomuch
that
I
have
often
heard
the
Duke
say
,
if
he
were
to
corrupt
le
Plessis
,
he
should
be
to
seek
on
which
side
to
assault
him
,
his
soul
was
so
bravely
fortified
throughout
.
This
le
Plessis
,
according
to
his
Masters
order
,
puts
himself
upon
his
way
to
go
meet
the
Mareschal
:
but
as
his
Errand
could
not
but
be
dangerous
both
for
the
Master
,
and
the
Servant
,
the
one
,
and
the
other
sufficiently
knowing
the
violent
suspicion
the
King
had
of
the
Mareschal's
proceeding
;
so
did
he
endeavour
with
all
imaginable
caution
,
if
possible
,
to
entertain
him
alone
.
I
have
often
heard
him
tell
the
story
,
and
do
very
well
remember
every
circumstance
,
which
put
altogether
will
make
this
appear
an
affair
of
the
greatest
difficulty
,
and
the
best
carried
on
,
that
perhaps
you
shall
meet
with
in
the
Duke
's
whole
History
;
and
wherein
the
generous
spirit
an
innocent
Servant
,
and
the
Clemency
and
Justice
of
a
good
Master
,
will
as
evidently
appear
.
Le
Plessis
,
perceiving
the
Mareschal's
Equipage
coming
at
a
pretty
distance
,
lighted
at
a
Barn
a
little
wide
of
the
High-way
,
where
,
having
with
him
one
of
the
Duke's
Footmen
without
a
Livery
,
he
commanded
him
to
call
the
first
of
the
Mareschal's
that
appear'd
upon
the
Road
;
which
he
having
done
,
and
le
Plessis
being
not
unknown
to
the
fellow
,
he
sent
him
to
tell
his
Master
in
his
ear
,
that
le
Plessis
staid
to
speak
with
him
a
word
or
two
in
private
.
The
Footman
accordingly
deliver'd
his
Message
,
whereupon
Biron
stragling
from
his
company
upon
some
pretense
or
other
,
came
to
the
place
where
le
Plessis
stood
to
expect
him
,
and
where
without
being
observ'd
by
any
,
he
had
all
liberty
to
discourse
at
leisure
.
Le
Plessis
had
in
charge
to
tell
him
,
That
the
Journey
he
was
now
upon
to
the
King
requir'd
his
most
serious
deliberation
,
and
that
he
was
now
in
good
earnest
to
reflect
upon
his
own
condition
:
That
if
he
came
with
a
confidence
,
some
possibly
might
have
possess'd
him
withal
,
that
Lafin
had
not
spoken
to
the
King
,
he
was
abus'd
:
That
the
Duke
of
Espernon
did
not
know
what
had
pass'd
betwixt
Lafin
and
him
;
neither
did
he
desire
to
inform
himself
:
but
that
he
might
be
assur'd
,
that
whatever
he
had
done
,
or
negotiated
with
him
,
or
by
him
,
was
every
tittle
discover'd
to
the
King
;
acquainting
him
with
the
several
times
and
places
,
and
how
oft
Lafin
had
been
in
private
Conference
with
him
:
That
he
was
herein
to
be
advis'd
by
his
own
Conscience
,
and
to
rely
upon
his
Majesties
Grace
,
and
Bounty
,
if
he
conceiv'd
there
was
any
thing
that
might
justly
be
condemn'd
in
his
former
Actions
;
there
being
much
better
to
be
hop'd
for
,
from
his
Majesties
Clemency
,
and
noble
nature
,
than
from
the
secresie
of
what
had
pass'd
betwixt
Lafin
and
him
.
This
obliging
and
prudent
advice
,
which
ought
to
have
been
receiv'd
by
the
Mareschal
with
so
much
the
greater
tenderness
,
by
how
much
it
was
preferr'd
with
the
infinite
hazard
of
him
that
sent
it
,
did
on
the
contrary
put
him
into
so
great
a
rage
,
that
I
have
heard
le
Plessis
say
,
he
never
in
his
life
saw
any
thing
in
so
extravagant
a
fury
.
Biron
ask'd
him
first
of
all
,
If
the
Duke
of
Espernon
esteem'd
him
for
other
,
than
an
honest
man
?
To
whom
du
Plessis
having
reply'd
,
That
had
he
had
any
other
opinion
of
him
,
he
would
not
have
persisted
in
his
Friendship
so
long
;
he
proceeded
to
tell
him
,
That
he
was
come
to
give
the
lye
,
and
to
be
the
death
of
all
those
,
who
durst
blemish
his
Actions
:
That
he
was
the
same
the
Duke
of
Espernon
and
he
Plessis
himself
had
ever
known
him
to
be
:
That
for
what
concern'd
him
,
Mounsieur
d'
Espernon
might
set
his
heart
at
rest
.
And
then
clapping
his
hand
upon
his
Sword
,
after
a
hundred
wild
postures
,
he
further
told
du
Plessis
,
That
if
any
one
durst
make
an
attempt
upon
his
Person
,
he
would
make
more
arms
and
heads
flie
,
than
would
stand
before
him
:
So
that
instead
of
making
use
of
his
Friend's
caution
,
and
good
advice
,
he
continued
his
way
in
his
first
obstinacy
,
and
the
same
night
arriv'd
at
Fountainbleau
.
At
his
arrival
the
King
spoke
to
him
of
the
business
himself
,
gently
admonishing
him
withal
to
make
an
ingenuous
confession
of
his
fault
:
a
thing
he
was
so
far
from
being
perswaded
to
do
,
that
he
seem'd
discontented
and
angry
at
the
motion
.
Soon
after
he
went
to
Paris
,
and
din'd
at
the
Hostel
d'
Espernon
,
when
the
King
returning
the
same
day
from
Fountain-bleau
,
the
Duke
and
he
went
together
in
the
afternoon
to
the
Louvre
,
to
attend
his
Majesty
;
who
having
notice
of
their
coming
went
to
the
Window
,
through
the
glass
to
observe
their
carriage
,
and
countenance
;
which
a
friend
of
the
Duke's
,
who
was
then
with
the
King
,
gave
the
Duke
timely
caution
of
,
to
the
end
he
might
comport
himself
so
,
as
that
his
Majesty
might
not
by
any
behaviour
of
his
be
fortified
in
those
evil
impressions
,
with
which
he
had
before
by
his
Enemies
been
prepossess'd
:
though
the
Duke
carried
himself
quite
contrary
to
his
advice
;
and
being
more
and
more
confirm'd
,
in
the
testimony
of
a
good
Conscience
,
and
full
of
a
just
and
generous
indignation
to
see
his
Fidelity
suspected
,
walk'd
with
his
face
erect
,
and
his
eyes
fix'd
upon
the
Window
where
he
knew
the
King
stood
:
A
carriage
the
King
very
well
observ'd
,
as
he
made
others
about
him
to
do
also
.
They
were
no
sooner
come
both
of
them
into
his
Majesties
Chamber
,
who
as
yet
had
express'd
no
publick
dissatisfaction
with
Biron
(
as
being
still
in
hope
to
regain
him
,
and
to
have
an
occasion
to
pardon
him
by
the
confession
of
his
fault
)
but
that
he
presently
made
a
Match
at
Tennis
,
wherein
the
King
and
the
Count
de
Soissons
were
to
play
against
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
and
the
Mareschal
:
and
upon
this
occasion
it
was
that
the
Historians
of
that
time
make
the
Duke
say
,
as
a
piece
of
wit
,
speaking
to
the
Mareschal
,
That
he
played
well
,
but
that
he
made
his
matches
ill
;
as
if
by
those
words
,
which
may
admit
of
a
double
interpretation
,
he
would
obliquely
condemn
Biron's
designs
,
which
never
came
into
his
thought
;
it
being
his
custom
when
ever
he
talk'd
with
the
Mareschal
about
that
business
,
not
to
do
it
in
such
ambiguous
terms
;
nor
so
out
of
season
,
but
seriously
and
plainly
,
and
in
a
secresie
,
the
safest
for
him
he
would
advise
.
He
several
times
represented
to
him
the
ill
Offices
he
had
receiv'd
,
he
confirm'd
to
him
the
same
thing
he
had
sent
him
word
of
before
concerning
Lafin
,
conjuring
him
not
to
rely
upon
his
Faith
,
which
would
certainly
deceive
him
:
But
these
second
admonitions
were
as
fruitless
as
the
first
;
and
the
King
seeing
that
he
could
neither
by
himself
,
nor
by
the
Count
de
Soissons
,
the
Mareschals
intimate
Friend
,
who
had
dealt
with
him
by
his
Majesties
absolute
command
,
and
in
his
name
,
reclaim
this
obstinate
spirit
,
nor
make
him
reconcile
himself
to
his
duty
,
by
acknowledging
his
offence
;
he
gave
him
over
at
last
to
the
rigor
of
Law
,
and
Justice
,
who
punish'd
his
Crime
,
by
the
forfeiture
of
his
Head
.
Whilst
they
were
drawing
up
the
Mareschal's
Charge
,
his
Majesty
well
enform'd
of
le
Plessis
Envoy
(
it
being
a
thing
hard
to
be
kept
secret
,
in
an
Affair
where
all
things
were
so
narrowly
observ'd
)
referr'd
the
intelligence
to
the
deliberation
of
his
Council
.
The
Cabinet
Council
at
that
time
consisted
of
the
Count
de
Soissons
,
de
Sillery
Keeper
of
the
Seal
,
Sully
superintendent
of
the
Exchequer
,
President
Ianin
,
Bellieure
,
and
Villeroy
:
In
which
Assembly
divers
conjectures
being
set
on
foot
,
to
fortifie
the
jealousies
his
Majesty
had
been
perswaded
into
against
the
Duke
,
it
was
by
the
major
part
voted
necessary
to
secure
his
person
,
or
at
least
to
make
sure
of
le
Plessis
,
and
to
put
him
to
the
wrack
,
that
from
a
confession
extorted
from
him
sufficient
evidence
might
be
drawn
to
convince
his
Master
:
A
result
so
approv'd
by
all
,
that
the
King
was
himself
almost
the
only
man
that
oppos'd
those
two
propositions
.
He
told
them
that
as
for
the
Duke
,
a
man
of
his
quality
was
never
to
be
arrested
,
unless
to
be
condemn'd
,
that
as
yet
there
was
nothing
but
suspicion
,
and
conjectures
against
him
;
which
should
they
prove
idle
,
and
vain
,
he
was
never
after
to
repose
any
trust
in
a
man
,
so
undeservedly
,
and
so
unjustly
offended
:
That
for
le
Plessis
he
was
no
more
to
be
meddled
withal
than
the
other
,
without
giving
a
manifest
distaste
to
his
Master
:
That
if
one
of
them
were
to
be
secur'd
,
he
should
rather
begin
with
the
Master
,
than
the
Servant
;
because
the
confinement
of
the
last
would
be
an
equal
injury
to
the
other
;
but
that
the
effect
would
by
no
means
be
the
same
,
being
the
Duke
,
if
he
knew
himself
guilty
,
would
by
the
seizing
of
le
Plessis
be
forwarn'd
to
make
his
escape
:
That
he
was
therefore
of
opinion
to
expect
if
in
the
Tryal
of
Mareschal
Biron
,
nothing
would
come
to
light
that
might
justly
bring
the
Duke
in
question
,
which
if
there
did
,
and
that
he
should
be
found
a
Complice
,
there
was
no
place
he
could
fly
to
so
remote
,
where
his
arm
would
not
be
long
enough
to
reach
him
.
If
the
King
had
intelligence
of
le
Plessis's
Envoy
to
the
Mareschal
Biron
,
the
Duke
was
no
less
faithfully
inform'd
of
what
had
pass'd
in
the
Cabinet
Council
concerning
him
;
by
which
he
understood
that
le
Plessis
Journey
was
not
so
great
a
secret
,
as
it
had
been
convenient
for
both
their
safeties
it
had
been
,
which
made
him
consult
with
le
Plessis
what
was
best
to
be
done
in
so
dangerous
an
occasion
.
The
Duke
was
not
secure
,
the
King
would
continue
so
constant
in
his
favour
,
that
his
Majesty
might
not
at
another
Council
be
over-rul'd
into
other
resolutions
,
and
perswaded
at
last
to
put
le
Plessis
to
the
question
;
a
doubt
that
made
him
think
it
expedient
he
should
retire
;
that
he
being
gone
,
no
evidence
might
appear
against
him
,
he
having
been
alone
entrusted
with
the
secret
of
this
Affair
:
but
le
Plessis
,
who
very
well
foresaw
his
flight
,
though
it
might
procure
his
own
particular
safety
,
would
certainly
be
his
Master's
ruine
,
could
by
no
means
consent
to
the
motion
.
He
rather
chose
to
run
the
hazard
of
the
Wrack
,
(
which
he
was
ready
to
undergo
,
and
of
which
,
I
have
heard
him
say
,
he
had
already
the
terrors
in
his
imagination
)
than
to
expose
the
Life
,
and
Honour
of
his
Master
,
which
,
after
so
strong
a
presumption
,
as
his
withdrawing
himself
must
of
necessity
give
,
would
be
in
an
apparent
danger
.
He
therefore
humbly
entreated
the
Duke
not
to
concern
himself
at
the
thought
of
any
thing
that
threatned
him
;
assuring
him
withal
,
that
as
he
had
done
nothing
contrary
to
his
Majesties
Service
,
so
all
the
Wracks
and
Tortures
in
the
world
could
never
force
him
to
say
any
thing
contrary
to
the
truth
.
Settled
then
in
this
resolution
,
from
which
I
do
believe
nothing
upon
earth
could
have
remov'd
him
,
his
wit
suggested
to
him
an
expedient
,
by
which
in
the
end
he
secur'd
both
his
Masters
Person
and
his
own
.
He
advis'd
the
Duke
to
prevent
his
Majesty
by
an
ingenuous
confession
of
the
truth
,
and
to
tell
him
himself
what
he
had
done
:
for
as
the
King
could
not
imagine
that
the
Duke
could
have
had
any
notice
of
that
secret
,
it
being
improbable
,
the
result
of
a
Council
held
but
that
morning
,
and
consisting
of
men
of
so
approv'd
Fidelity
and
Trust
,
could
be
so
suddenly
reveal'd
;
so
was
it
not
to
be
believ'd
,
that
the
Duke
's
voluntary
discovery
of
what
he
had
done
,
could
pass
in
his
Majesties
opinion
for
a
premeditated
thing
.
The
Duke
approving
of
this
advice
,
put
it
as
speedily
into
execution
;
and
the
King
intending
to
hunt
in
the
afternoon
,
he
mounted
on
horseback
,
as
he
us'd
to
do
,
to
attend
him
;
where
having
follow'd
and
observ'd
his
Majesties
motion
with
an
extraordinary
diligence
,
that
he
might
find
an
opportunity
for
his
purpose
,
they
light
by
chance
into
a
solitary
place
,
into
which
his
Majesty
being
insensibly
stragled
from
the
gross
of
his
Train
,
there
were
very
few
left
about
him
.
And
here
it
was
that
the
King
turning
towards
the
Duke
,
fell
upon
the
Discoure
of
Mareschal
Biron
,
who
was
now
in
the
heat
of
his
Tryal
,
complaining
how
ill
he
had
us'd
him
,
and
how
ungrateful
a
man
he
was
:
To
which
the
Duke
reply'd
,
That
as
a
Relation
,
and
a
Friend
to
the
Mareschal
,
he
could
not
without
great
affliction
see
so
evident
testimonies
of
his
guilt
,
that
he
had
been
at
first
very
unwilling
to
believe
he
could
be
guilty
of
so
foul
a
Crime
:
but
that
now
it
did
so
manifestly
appear
,
he
could
not
think
any
punishment
enough
to
chastise
so
foul
an
Offence
:
To
whom
the
King
having
return'd
,
What
,
it
seems
then
you
know
nothing
of
the
business
?
The
Duke
made
answer
,
Sir
,
I
knew
so
little
of
it
,
that
at
his
coming
to
this
Town
,
I
sent
le
Plessis
to
meet
him
,
and
to
welcome
him
to
Court
,
which
I
should
never
have
done
,
had
I
thought
him
guilty
.
At
which
words
,
which
touch'd
the
King
to
the
quick
,
his
Majesty
set
spurs
to
his
Horse
,
with
an
extravagance
not
very
natural
to
him
,
but
which
that
unexpected
answer
had
put
him
into
:
when
having
taken
a
Career
,
and
turning
again
to
the
Duke
,
with
a
countenance
that
sufficiently
express'd
that
he
was
angry
at
a
discovery
he
had
no
mind
should
have
come
from
the
Duke
's
own
mouth
.
It
seems
then
,
said
he
,
you
sent
to
Mareschal
Biron
without
my
knowledge
?
To
whom
the
Duke
reply'd
again
,
That
he
did
not
conceive
it
necessary
to
ask
his
Majestie
's
leave
to
send
a
meer
Complement
to
his
Friend
:
That
seeing
him
come
without
a
Guard
,
or
any
apparent
marks
of
disgrace
,
and
his
Majesty
treating
him
with
the
same
favour
he
us'd
to
do
,
he
had
on
his
part
us'd
him
at
the
same
rate
he
had
ever
done
:
That
it
had
been
a
custom
long
observ'd
betwixt
them
,
that
which
of
them
soever
had
been
any
time
absent
from
Court
,
was
at
his
return
by
some
Servant
of
trust
enform'd
by
the
other
of
all
the
little
passages
had
hapned
during
his
absence
:
That
it
was
true
,
he
had
in
this
occasion
continued
this
custom
:
That
he
humbly
besought
his
Majesty
to
believe
nothing
more
particular
had
pass'd
betwixt
them
,
and
that
he
had
rather
dye
,
than
once
conceive
a
thought
to
the
prejudice
of
his
Majesties
Service
,
or
his
own
duty
:
That
he
hop'd
the
event
would
more
clearly
evidence
the
integrity
of
his
actions
;
but
that
nevertheless
he
thought
it
fit
to
give
his
Majesty
that
security
in
hand
.
The
King
being
well
satisfied
with
the
Duke's
Reasons
,
but
much
more
with
the
Confidence
he
perceiv'd
him
to
repose
in
his
Justice
,
and
his
own
Innocency
,
all
jealousies
,
that
before
had
been
infus'd
into
him
,
to
the
prejudice
of
the
Duke's
Fidelity
,
and
Honour
,
vanish'd
away
,
and
he
with
the
greatest
care
and
assiduity
,
was
more
than
ever
about
his
Majesties
Person
.
His
Children
(
which
a
little
before
he
had
brought
to
Court
)
had
order
to
continue
about
the
young
Dolphin's
Person
,
to
be
as
it
were
Hostages
of
their
Father's
Innocence
,
and
the
Mareschal's
Tryal
being
at
last
over
,
all
Witnesses
and
Parties
examin'd
,
and
heard
without
the
least
mention
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
name
in
all
their
practice
,
his
Majesty
was
not
a
little
satisfied
with
himself
,
that
he
had
carried
things
with
that
moderation
towards
the
Duke
upon
this
occasion
.
This
untoward
business
was
soon
after
seconded
by
another
,
which
,
though
of
far
less
dangerous
consequence
,
bega●
the
Duke
nevertheless
as
much
trouble
as
the
first
.
The
Duke
as
he
was
ever
very
circumspect
in
his
duty
,
to
preserve
his
Fidelity
entire
to
the
King
,
so
was
he
no
less
solicitous
to
maintain
himself
in
all
advantages
deriving
to
him
as
particles
of
any
of
his
Commands
.
That
of
Colonel
therefore
having
been
conferr'd
upon
him
by
Henry
III.
with
extraordinary
priviledges
,
as
by
his
Patent
does
appear
,
he
could
not
endure
the
least
violation
of
his
Interest
;
but
with
a
stiffness
(
that
doubtless
would
have
offended
a
less
equitable
Prince
,
than
that
under
whom
he
had
the
honour
to
serve
)
was
ever
obstinate
to
maintain
every
punctilio
of
his
right
.
One
of
the
greatest
,
and
of
the
greatest
Honour
that
was
annex'd
to
this
Command
,
was
the
power
he
had
to
name
the
Camp-Master
to
the
Regiment
of
Guards
when
ever
that
place
should
be
void
;
and
it
hapned
now
that
Grillon
,
who
had
been
possess'd
of
this
Command
before
the
Duke
was
created
Colonel
,
was
fail'n
into
infirmities
,
that
rendred
him
incapable
of
his
Charge
:
Yet
had
his
former
Services
been
such
as
made
it
very
reasonable
he
should
however
make
his
best
advantage
of
it
,
as
his
Majesty
was
content
he
should
;
but
having
a
singular
,
and
a
very
just
respect
for
the
Mareschal
de
l'
Esdiguieres
,
and
a
very
great
affection
for
his
Son-in-law
Crequy
,
he
intended
the
latter
,
having
first
compounded
with
Grillon
,
should
be
preferr'd
to
that
Command
,
intending
perhaps
hereby
,
as
much
to
clip
the
wings
of
the
Duke's
Authority
,
which
he
had
as
Colonel
over
the
Regiment
of
Guards
,
as
altogether
to
oblige
Crequy
.
The
Duke
,
advertis'd
of
his
Majesties
purpose
,
could
not
forbear
giving
out
aloud
,
that
he
would
never
consent
to
it
,
and
the
King
on
the
contrary
was
resolv'd
his
pleasure
should
prevail
:
But
in
the
end
after
many
oppositions
(
which
this
good
Prince
was
pleas'd
to
endure
from
a
Servant
)
the
Duke
,
who
had
never
discover'd
his
mind
to
the
King
,
but
by
the
mediation
of
others
,
was
resolv'd
to
deliver
it
to
his
Majesty
with
his
own
mouth
,
as
accordingly
he
did
;
representing
to
him
with
a
liberty
(
which
to
his
Subjects
was
none
of
the
least
felicities
of
his
happy
Reign
)
the
Justice
of
his
Cause
.
All
which
,
notwithstanding
his
reasons
,
could
not
so
prevail
upon
his
Majesties
temper
,
but
that
he
remain'd
as
firm
as
ever
in
his
first
resolution
.
Which
the
Duke
seeing
,
and
conceiving
he
could
not
consent
to
his
Majesties
desire
,
without
going
less
in
the
dignity
of
his
place
,
he
rather
chose
to
absent
himself
from
Court
,
than
to
be
compell'd
by
an
express
,
and
positive
command
to
do
a
thing
so
much
to
the
prejudice
of
his
Authority
,
and
Honour
;
and
accordingly
very
much
dissatisfied
,
retir'd
himself
to
Angoulesme
.
The
King
,
who
was
not
yet
totally
cur'd
of
a
jealousie
,
still
kept
awake
by
the
practices
,
the
remainder
of
Biron's
Faction
(
not
quiet
extinct
)
yet
kept
on
foot
in
his
Kingdom
,
gave
manifest
signs
of
discontent
at
the
Duke's
departure
;
and
as
he
knew
the
alliance
the
Duke
of
Montpensier
had
contracted
with
his
Family
,
by
his
Match
,
had
begot
a
strict
friendship
betwixt
them
,
so
was
it
to
him
especially
that
he
spoke
of
it
with
the
greatest
freedom
,
and
in
terms
(
not
without
threats
)
of
the
highest
indignation
.
This
Prince
,
who
concern'd
himself
as
much
at
the
Duke's
Interest
,
as
his
own
,
dispatch'd
away
to
him
in
great
diligence
the
Sieur
de
la
Chetardie
,
in
whom
he
had
an
especial
confidence
,
to
let
him
understand
the
King's
displeasure
,
and
to
remonstrate
to
him
the
danger
he
would
expose
himself
unto
,
should
he
longer
persist
in
opposition
to
his
Majesties
pleasure
,
who
would
herein
be
absolutely
obey'd
:
A
caution
by
which
the
Duke
plainly
seeing
he
was
reduc'd
to
a
necessity
either
to
bow
,
or
break
;
he
indeed
chose
the
latter
,
though
not
without
high
complaints
of
the
injustice
was
done
him
,
which
were
neither
so
modest
,
nor
so
private
,
that
they
were
not
soon
carried
to
the
King's
ear
:
And
though
so
stubborn
an
opposition
in
the
Duke
might
reasonably
enough
have
more
exasperated
the
King
against
him
,
yet
such
was
the
noble
nature
of
this
great
Prince
,
that
it
would
not
suffer
him
long
to
bear
in
mind
the
memory
of
his
offense
;
for
the
Duke
had
no
sooner
given
his
consent
to
Crequy's
admission
,
but
that
his
Majesty
commanded
him
the
first
thing
he
did
,
to
take
a
Journey
a
hundred
Leagues
from
Paris
,
to
see
his
Colonel
,
to
take
his
Oath
betwixt
his
hands
,
to
obtain
his
hand
to
his
Commission
,
and
to
receive
his
Order
for
his
admission
into
his
place
:
Civilities
by
which
although
the
King
endeavour'd
to
give
the
Duke
all
satisfaction
;
yet
could
they
not
so
far
reconcile
him
,
but
that
at
Crequy's
arrival
,
he
made
him
wait
a
whole
day
together
at
his
Chamber
door
,
and
expect
some
days
after
before
he
would
receive
his
Oath
,
or
Sign
his
Commission
:
And
although
he
was
himself
very
sensible
that
so
many
manifest
aversions
were
sufficient
to
beget
new
distastes
in
the
King
against
him
;
yet
was
he
not
so
much
master
of
himself
,
nor
had
so
much
command
over
his
own
Nature
;
but
that
he
must
put
those
affronts
upon
Crequy
,
or
rather
upon
the
King
,
who
made
this
business
his
own
.
By
these
disputes
(
which
in
another
time
might
have
turn'd
very
much
to
the
Duke's
prejudice
)
he
got
nevertheless
this
advantage
,
that
the
King
to
satisfie
him
for
the
future
in
the
interests
of
his
Command
,
made
a
kind
of
agreement
with
him
(
if
a
largess
from
a
Master
to
his
Servant
may
be
so
call'd
)
which
was
,
That
his
Majesty
would
indeed
really
,
and
effectually
reserve
to
himself
the
nomination
of
Camp-Master
to
the
Regiment
of
Guards
;
Mounsieur
Crequy
made
Camp-Master
to
the
Regiment
of
Guards
.
as
also
to
the
other
old
Regiments
:
but
with
this
condition
,
that
the
Colonel
should
swear
them
,
that
they
should
be
conceiv'd
to
have
their
admission
from
him
,
without
which
they
were
not
to
be
receiv'd
into
the
employment
:
That
his
Majesty
having
provided
for
one
Company
in
the
Regiment
of
Guards
,
he
was
content
the
Duke
should
in
turn
do
the
same
for
the
next
at
his
own
appointment
:
That
of
all
the
Foot
Companies
of
the
other
Regiments
,
new
and
old
,
the
Duke
when
ever
any
should
be
vacant
,
should
have
the
naming
of
the
Captains
to
the
King
to
fill
them
up
;
and
that
no
Captain
soever
,
whether
of
the
Regiment
of
Guards
,
or
any
other
Regiment
should
be
admitted
into
,
or
establish'd
in
his
Command
till
first
his
Commission
was
Sign'd
by
the
Colonel
:
But
for
what
concern'd
those
Offices
,
that
depended
upon
the
Duke's
Command
,
as
Lieutenants
,
Ensigns
,
Colonel-Ensigns
,
Serjeants
,
and
Serjeant-Majors
,
Martials
,
Provost-Martials
,
Quarter-Masters
,
and
other
Officers
,
that
he
should
place
and
displace
them
by
his
sole
Authority
,
without
any
order
from
the
King
,
or
his
Majesties
taking
any
notice
thereof
.
According
to
which
Agreement
the
Duke
proceeded
so
regularly
,
and
undisturb'd
in
the
Priviledges
of
his
Command
,
that
there
was
never
after
,
during
this
Kings
Reign
,
the
least
Dispute
betwixt
them
,
saveing
once
,
that
the
King
thinking
it
fit
to
add
two
Companies
more
to
his
Regiment
of
Guards
,
and
having
appointed
their
Captains
,
the
Duke
interpos'd
his
Majesties
Royal
Promise
,
humbly
beseeching
him
to
do
him
right
:
an
Argument
so
powerful
to
this
equitable
Prince
,
that
of
two
Captains
he
had
nam'd
,
he
only
provided
for
one
,
which
was
the
Sieur
de
la
Courbe
,
who
had
but
the
second
Company
neither
:
the
first
being
given
to
the
Sieur
de
Bourdet
by
the
Duke's
Recommendation
,
whose
turn
it
was
to
name
the
first
vacant
Company
:
yet
did
not
the
business
pass
without
some
dispute
,
though
at
last
the
King
was
pleas'd
rather
to
give
way
to
his
Servant's
just
desires
,
than
to
fail
in
the
least
Article
of
his
Word
.
I
shall
here
add
(
since
I
am
upon
this
discourse
of
the
Office
of
Colonel
)
a
thing
that
time
has
sufficiently
justified
to
all
France
,
which
is
,
that
the
Duke
was
so
exceeding
cautious
in
the
dispensation
of
Commands
,
whether
meerly
depending
upon
his
own
Authority
,
or
in
his
nomination
only
,
that
his
Majesty
would
often
say
,
he
never
had
better
Foot
Officers
,
than
those
of
the
Duke's
preferring
.
And
in
truth
the
French
Infantry
,
whilst
the
Duke
was
permitted
to
execute
his
charge
,
were
kept
in
so
good
order
,
that
perhaps
no
Militia
in
Europe
were
better
Disciplin'd
,
nor
better
Officer'd
than
they
;
a
truth
to
this
hour
confirm'd
by
an
infinite
number
of
persons
yet
living
,
who
have
commanded
under
him
,
and
who
were
witnesses
of
his
conduct
.
To
which
I
shall
further
add
,
and
to
his
great
commendation
,
a
thing
not
to
be
contradicted
;
which
is
,
that
he
neither
directly
,
nor
indirectly
ever
made
the
least
benefit
of
any
Command
he
dispos'd
of
,
which
I
think
had
they
been
set
to
sale
would
,
in
the
long
course
of
his
life
,
have
amounted
to
above
two
Millions
of
Gold
,
after
the
rate
they
are
sold
now
adays
.
And
I
do
very
well
remember
,
that
towards
his
latter
end
,
when
he
saw
the
selling
of
Offices
began
to
grow
in
fashion
,
he
did
all
he
could
,
and
that
the
condition
of
the
time
would
permit
,
to
oppose
it
;
representing
to
the
King
,
with
very
convincing
Arguments
,
what
a
prejudice
such
an
abuse
would
be
to
his
Service
;
although
in
the
end
seeing
he
could
not
prevail
with
the
Council
to
alter
that
toleration
,
he
also
gave
some
of
his
own
Servants
,
though
very
few
,
leave
to
make
mony
of
the
Offices
he
had
conferr'd
upon
them
:
but
I
am
certain
,
that
for
his
own
particular
,
he
never
converted
any
the
least
employment
to
his
own
p●ofit
:
A
thing
perhaps
such
as
thought
him
solicitous
of
his
own
Interest
,
will
hardly
be
perswaded
to
believe
,
as
indeed
he
was
enclin'd
to
the
saving
side
,
and
wary
enough
when
it
was
fit
for
him
to
be
so
:
but
never
,
upon
any
occasion
where
his
Honour
was
concern'd
,
that
ever
taking
with
him
the
upperhand
of
all
other
considerations
.
The
business
of
Crequy
,
how
troublesome
,
and
how
hard
soever
to
digest
,
was
not
yet
the
last
of
the
same
nature
the
Duke
was
to
wrestle
withal
in
this
years
revolution
,
another
following
immediately
after
;
which
,
as
it
nearer
concern'd
him
,
pierc'd
deeper
to
the
quick
:
neither
had
it
so
happy
an
issue
as
the
first
.
The
Duke
having
in
the
year
1582.
been
by
King
Henry
the
III.
establish'd
in
the
Government
of
Metz
,
he
conferr'd
the
Lieutenancy
of
the
City
and
Country
upon
Moncassin
his
Kinsman
,
and
the
Command
of
the
Cittadel
upon
Sobole
:
but
in
process
of
time
,
which
hapned
in
the
year
1585.
having
withdrawn
Moncassin
from
this
employment
to
continue
about
his
own
person
:
Sobole
,
whom
he
had
bred
a
Page
,
and
in
whom
he
had
an
entire
confidence
,
was
by
his
bounty
rais'd
to
that
degree
,
that
he
conferr'd
upon
him
the
command
of
the
City
,
and
Country
,
together
with
that
of
the
Cittadel
also
;
which
was
effectually
one
of
the
bravest
entertainments
in
France
,
Metz
being
at
that
time
the
most
considerable
place
of
the
Kingdom
,
and
the
noblest
member
of
the
Duke's
Command
.
In
the
Year
1594.
the
King
undertook
the
Siege
of
Laon
,
to
which
,
as
to
an
occasion
wherein
he
expected
to
meet
with
great
difficulties
,
he
invited
many
of
his
Servants
of
the
neighbouring
Provinces
.
Amongst
these
Sobole
was
one
,
who
by
the
Authothority
the
Duke
had
given
him
in
Metz
,
having
got
a
great
interest
in
the
Country
,
might
with
great
facility
raise
a
considerable
party
of
Horse
,
as
he
did
,
and
at
the
Head
of
sixscore
Light-Horse
,
very
well
appointed
,
and
fourscore
Carabins
,
went
to
serve
his
Majesty
at
this
Siege
.
The
King
receiv'd
him
with
great
demonstrations
of
favour
,
and
not
being
well
satisfied
with
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
who
being
at
that
time
in
Provence
,
where
he
did
not
behave
himself
to
his
Majesties
liking
,
after
he
had
,
as
he
conceiv'd
,
cut
him
out
work
enough
there
,
he
took
occasion
to
raise
him
greater
difficulties
about
Metz
,
by
lessening
the
Authority
he
had
till
that
time
ever
had
over
Sobole
.
And
to
that
purpose
after
he
had
reduc'd
Laon
to
his
obedience
,
and
about
to
dismiss
those
Auxiliaries
who
had
come
in
to
serve
him
in
that
Action
,
his
Majesty
sent
Sobole
word
,
That
after
so
great
a
satisfaction
as
he
had
receiv'd
from
his
Services
,
he
was
as
well
dispos'd
to
gratifie
him
as
he
himself
could
desire
;
which
nevertheless
the
present
condition
of
his
Affairs
not
permitting
him
to
do
,
at
so
honourable
a
rate
,
as
he
could
wish
,
it
was
for
him
to
look
out
for
something
he
had
a
mind
to
,
which
should
be
as
readily
conferr'd
upon
him
.
Those
who
had
order
to
make
this
overture
to
Sobole
,
were
further
intrusted
to
represent
unto
him
,
That
being
Governour
of
Metz
meerly
by
the
Duke's
toleration
,
he
was
subject
upon
the
first
capricio
to
be
remov'd
;
after
which
from
the
honourable
condition
wherein
he
had
liv'd
for
many
years
,
he
would
find
himself
reduc'd
to
a
very
moderate
fortune
:
That
though
he
could
be
assur'd
the
Duke's
humour
would
continue
constant
to
him
,
yet
ought
the
declining
posture
of
his
Affairs
in
Provence
to
give
him
a
reasonable
Alarm
:
That
all
things
in
that
Country
were
so
averse
to
him
,
it
was
all
the
Duke
could
do
to
keep
his
head
above
water
;
and
that
his
Affairs
coming
to
an
absolute
ruine
,
as
they
evidently
declin'd
he
would
be
in
danger
to
be
left
in
Metz
,
without
any
support
,
or
any
colourable
claim
,
either
to
command
,
or
recompense
:
That
the
King
conceiving
a
Gentl●man
of
his
Valour
and
Merit
,
worthy
a
more
certain
fortune
,
did
voluntary
offer
to
make
him
his
own
Lieutenant
,
in
the
Government
of
the
Place
and
Country
,
under
the
Duke
;
whose
Authority
being
kept
inviolate
,
he
could
have
no
just
reason
to
reproach
him
;
for
seeking
to
establish
his
own
Fortune
,
without
doing
any
prejudice
to
his
.
It
was
no
hard
matter
to
perswade
Sobole
into
a
thing
he
believ'd
would
settle
his
Affairs
so
much
to
his
advantage
;
so
that
he
greedily
swallow'd
the
bait
,
and
receiving
a
new
Commission
from
the
King
,
retir'd
very
well
satisfied
with
his
Majesties
bounty
into
his
Government
:
But
as
the
first
step
into
a
fault
,
makes
men
subject
to
stumble
into
another
,
after
having
once
fail'd
in
his
Faith
,
he
had
now
no
more
regard
to
his
Duty
;
and
conceiving
he
had
good
title
for
the
future
to
Lord
it
over
the
Inhabitants
of
Metz
,
with
greater
Authority
than
he
had
formerly
done
;
he
grew
insolent
to
the
last
degree
.
Complaints
whereof
were
soon
brought
to
the
Duke
;
where
to
him
they
accus'd
Sobole
,
for
having
rais'd
mony
upon
them
by
his
own
private
Authority
,
and
to
have
committed
many
other
insolencies
against
them
.
The
Duke
was
at
this
time
disingag'd
from
the
trouble
of
his
Affairs
in
Provence
,
and
the
residence
he
had
since
that
time
made
at
Court
having
inform'd
him
of
Sobole's
deportment
,
he
was
questionless
possess'd
with
an
indignation
proportionable
to
the
offense
:
but
he
very
well
foresaw
,
that
the
King
,
who
had
in
design
rais'd
Sobole
against
him
,
would
doubtless
uphold
him
,
and
justifie
his
own
Commission
;
so
that
he
durst
by
no
means
act
any
thing
in
publick
against
him
,
not
go
about
by
open
force
to
displace
him
:
but
on
the
contrary
dissembled
as
much
as
in
him
lay
,
both
the
knowledge
,
and
the
trouble
of
his
fault
;
and
when
continually
importun'd
by
reiterated
complaints
from
the
Inhabitants
of
Metz
,
(
a
people
he
ever
had
in
great
consideration
)
he
only
admonish'd
him
to
behave
himself
with
greater
moderation
towards
them
:
but
Sobole
was
deaf
to
all
those
admonitions
,
and
so
far
from
slackning
his
hand
,
that
on
the
contrary
,
to
render
the
Duke's
good
Offices
fruitless
to
them
,
he
contriv'd
with
himself
to
accuse
many
of
the
principal
among
them
to
the
King
,
for
having
(
as
he
said
)
endeavour'd
to
betray
the
Town
,
and
Cittadel
of
Metz
to
Count
Mansfield
,
Governour
of
Luxenbourg
,
for
the
King
of
Spain
:
Which
he
did
,
to
the
end
that
his
Majesty
being
prepossess'd
with
so
black
an
accusation
,
no
one
,
not
so
much
as
the
Duke
himself
might
dare
to
speak
in
their
behalf
.
The
business
was
very
strictly
examin'd
,
and
in
the
end
discover'd
to
be
a
meer
calumny
,
which
made
all
the
world
conclude
it
had
been
inv●●●ted
by
Sobole
in
spite
to
deprive
the
Inhabitants
of
their
Lives
and
Estates
:
a
malice
so
notorious
,
that
the
Duke
could
no
longer
endure
a
people
,
whom
he
lov'd
,
and
had
ever
protected
,
should
be
so
ill
us'd
by
a
man
he
himself
had
appointed
to
govern
,
but
not
to
destroy
them
:
Which
made
him
openly
undertake
their
protection
against
Sobole's
violence
,
against
whom
the
hatred
the
people
had
conceiv'd
,
having
provok'd
them
into
arms
,
they
besieg'd
him
in
the
Cittadel
;
a
thing
the
Duke
was
not
sorry
for
,
hoping
this
would
counsel
the
King
to
remove
him
,
and
that
he
being
out
,
the
place
could
be
supply'd
by
none
,
from
whom
he
might
not
promise
to
himself
better
things
than
from
Sobole
.
What
the
Duke
had
so
prudently
foreseen
,
Anno
1603.
fell
out
exactly
,
as
he
imagin'd
it
would
;
for
the
King
alarm'd
at
the
danger
of
so
important
a
place
(
it
being
very
much
to
be
fear'd
his
ill
neighbours
would
take
the
advantage
of
the
evil
intelligence
betwixt
the
Governour
and
the
people
,
to
seize
the
Town
,
resolv'd
to
go
thither
in
person
;
and
accordingly
with
the
Queen
,
and
all
the
Court
set
forward
in
the
beginning
of
the
year
1603.
A
journy
in
which
the
Duke
of
Espernon
was
too
much
concern'd
to
stay
behind
;
and
in
the
issue
whereof
Sobole
was
depos'd
from
his
Government
with
a
pardon
for
all
that
was
pass'd
;
which
his
ill
carriage
had
made
the
reward
of
his
Service
,
and
all
the
recompense
he
receiv'd
for
so
brave
a
Command
.
After
his
departure
his
Majesty
resolv'd
himself
to
dispose
of
his
places
;
a
thing
wherein
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
interest
did
most
of
all
consist
,
who
till
that
time
had
ever
had
the
disposition
of
all
Offices
inferiour
to
his
own
in
that
Government
;
and
by
that
means
had
been
absolute
over
the
City
:
but
his
Authority
being
suspected
to
the
King
,
who
would
have
no
other
than
his
own
acknowledg'd
in
his
Kingdom
,
his
Majesty
gave
the
Duke
to
understand
,
that
Sobole
having
resign'd
unto
him
his
Lieutenancy
to
the
Government
of
the
City
,
and
Cittadel
of
Metz
,
and
the
Messin
Country
,
which
his
Majesty
had
formerly
seated
him
in
,
he
was
now
resolv'd
to
settle
men
of
Condition
,
and
approv'd
Fidelity
in
his
room
,
always
reserving
(
which
his
Majesty
would
by
no
means
diminish
)
for
the
Duke
his
Authority
in
the
place
;
that
in
order
thereunto
he
had
cast
his
eye
upon
the
two
Brothers
les
Sieurs
de
Montigny
,
and
d'
Arquien
;
to
the
first
of
which
he
would
give
his
Lieutenancy
to
the
City
,
and
Country
;
and
to
the
other
the
command
of
the
Cittadel
:
but
that
the
one
and
the
other
should
render
him
an
obedience
equal
to
his
own
person
.
The
Duke
,
having
well
enough
foreseen
how
things
would
be
,
had
nothing
to
oppose
against
his
Majesties
Royal
Pleasure
;
but
without
co●●●adiction
gave
way
to
necessity
,
and
with
patience
(
the
only
remedy
remain'd
)
was
content
to
expect
some
happy
opportunity
that
might
re-establish
him
in
the
possession
of
a
place
so
important
to
his
fortune
,
and
whereof
he
saw
himself
at
present
absolutely
depriv'd
.
During
his
Majesties
abode
at
Metz
,
the
Provincial
of
the
Fathers
Jesuits
was
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon
presented
to
him
;
where
the
proposition
preferr'd
by
the
Provincial
for
the
re-establishment
of
his
fraternity
in
France
,
was
so
promoted
by
the
Duke's
mediation
,
that
it
was
concluded
on
to
his
great
satisfaction
.
Neither
was
this
the
first
good
office
the
Duke
had
done
them
,
nor
the
sole
testimony
he
had
given
of
his
affection
,
and
respect
to
that
Society
;
he
having
ever
been
one
of
their
most
constant
,
and
most
powerful
Protectors
in
the
time
of
their
persecution
,
as
he
was
one
of
their
principal
benefactors
after
their
re-establishment
.
Metz
,
that
ever
till
then
had
made
many
,
and
almost
invincible
difficulties
of
ever
admitting
them
into
their
Corporation
,
receiv'd
them
upon
the
Duke
's
single
accompt
,
as
he
also
procur'd
their
admission
into
Angoulesme
before
he
left
that
Government
:
Their
Colledge
of
Xaints
has
no
other
foundation
than
what
he
bestow'd
upon
it
of
four
thousand
Livers
a
year
in
two
fair
Benefices
,
which
put
all
together
have
rendred
him
one
of
the
principal
Benefactors
of
that
Society
,
by
the
acknowledgment
,
and
testimony
of
the
most
ancient
,
and
most
eminent
men
of
the
Order
.
The
variety
of
accidents
,
The
state
of
Affairs
at
Court
during
the
Peace
.
and
business
that
had
befallen
the
King
in
these
last
years
,
were
yet
too
few
to
take
him
wholly
up
,
he
still
found
leisure
enough
for
his
delights
;
and
although
he
himself
took
a
particular
accompt
of
all
.
Affairs
,
and
was
ever
the
main
director
in
all
things
;
yet
his
abilities
(
which
nothing
was
too
big
for
)
rendred
him
so
excellent
at
dispatch
,
that
he
still
made
way
for
his
vacation
and
pleasure
.
The
Peace
concluded
with
all
his
Neighbours
,
and
his
domestick
troubles
extinguish'd
,
either
by
the
punishment
of
the
offenders
,
or
by
the
excess
of
his
own
clemency
,
gave
him
now
sufficient
leisure
to
look
after
the
reformation
of
such
abuses
as
were
crept
into
the
state
during
the
licence
of
War
;
an
employment
which
,
how
becoming
soever
his
Royal
care
,
and
how
profitable
soever
to
the
Kingdom
,
took
up
but
a
very
inconsiderable
part
of
his
time
,
the
rest
being
dedicated
to
the
Chace
,
to
play
,
and
to
the
diversions
of
Love
:
entertainments
that
(
as
the
passions
,
and
humours
of
Princes
(
who
are
the
great
examples
of
their
people
)
do
easily
insinuate
themselve●●nto
their
Subjects
Affections
,
or
at
least
their
imitation
)
were
grown
so
much
in
fashion
at
Court
,
that
there
was
scarce
any
talk
of
any
other
thing
;
and
if
they
had
,
during
this
Voyage
to
Metz
,
suffer'd
a
little
intermission
,
they
were
,
at
the
return
of
the
Court
to
Paris
,
more
than
ever
set
on
foot
.
It
has
been
believ'd
,
that
though
the
King
in
his
hunting
,
and
his
Mistrisses
altogether
follow'd
the
pro●●ivity
of
his
own
nature
;
yet
that
for
what
concern'd
play
,
he
had
in
that
as
much
design
at
least
,
as
inclination
.
I
have
already
told
you
,
that
his
Majesty
having
set
down
the
bringing
low
the
great
men
of
his
Kingdom
by
imperceptible
ways
,
to
render
them
more
obedient
,
for
a
Maxime
of
State
,
had
put
them
upon
the
humour
of
Building
,
to
drain
their
purses
:
and
doubtless
his
engaging
them
in
play
,
was
in
order
to
the
same
design
:
amongst
whom
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
who
already
felt
the
smart
of
the
first
,
and
that
very
well
understood
his
Majesties
meaning
in
the
latter
,
refus'd
not
nevertheless
to
make
one
for
his
Master's
satisfaction
:
but
if
he
did
it
at
first
meerly
out
of
compliance
,
his
ill
fortune
at
last
made
it
become
his
revenge
,
and
enclin'd
him
so
passionately
to
it
,
that
he
found
himself
in
the
end
engag'd
in
so
extraordinary
losses
,
as
were
no
little
inconvenience
to
him
.
His
Majesty
would
often
do
him
the
honour
to
play
at
his
house
,
ever
inviting
him
to
all
his
Matches
:
And
whether
he
retir'd
to
Zamet
,
or
to
any
other
place
to
evade
the
tumult
of
Majesty
and
Greatness
,
the
Duke
of
Espernon
was
always
the
first
invited
;
so
that
although
he
was
not
in
favour
,
he
was
nevertheless
in
great
esteem
:
of
which
one
of
the
most
signal
testimonies
he
could
receive
,
was
the
honour
the
King
did
him
in
permitting
him
to
enter
the
Louvre
in
his
Coach
;
a
favour
till
this
time
reserv'd
only
for
the
Princes
of
the
Blood
,
exclusively
to
all
other
persons
of
the
Kingdom
,
the
Duke
being
the
first
that
unlock'd
this
Priviledge
for
the
Dukes
,
and
Peers
,
though
he
enjoy'd
it
alone
during
the
King's
life
;
his
Majesty
,
though
o●ten
importun'd
by
others
of
the
same
quality
,
for
the
same
honour
,
never
consenting
to
have
it
drawn
into
example
.
'T
is
true
,
that
after
the
King's
death
,
the
Queen
Regent
,
to
accommodate
her self
to
the
time
,
was
content
to
abate
much
of
the
Royal
State
,
and
allow'd
the
Dukes
,
and
Peers
,
and
Officers
of
the
Crown
,
the
same
Priviledge
:
but
the
respect
to
the
Duke's
person
was
that
which
first
procur'd
them
that
indulgence
.
A
famous
Gamester
call'd
Pimentel
,
The
story
of
Pimentel
.
an
Italian
,
came
at
this
time
into
France
,
whose
dexterity
in
gulling
the
Court
was
such
▪
that
I
cannot
forbear
to
mention
him
in
this
place
.
'T
is
said
,
and
it
is
perfectly
true
,
that
this
Cavalier
hearing
what
an
humour
of
play
reign'd
at
the
French
Court
,
caus'd
great
number
of
false
Dice
to
be
made
,
of
which
he
himsel●
only
knew
the
high
,
and
the
low
runners
,
hiring
men
to
carry
them
into
France
,
where
after
they
had
bought
up
,
and
convey'd
away
all
that
were
in
Paris
,
he
supply'd
all
the
Shops
with
his
own
:
By
which
means
having
subjected
the
spirit
of
Play
,
and
ty'd
the
hands
of
Fortune
,
he
arriv'd
at
last
in
France
;
where
insinuating
himself
into
the
Court
,
he
was
by
some
of
his
own
Nation
,
who
had
great
interest
there
,
soon
brought
acquainted
with
the
King
.
Some
have
believ'd
his
Majesty
understood
the
man
well
enough
,
and
was
content
to
admit
him
for
a
Gamester
,
the
better
to
bring
about
his
own
design
of
impoverishing
the
Lords
of
his
Court
,
whose
Riches
grew
suspected
to
him
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon
was
one
from
whom
he
drew
the
most
considerable
summes
;
who
after
having
got
all
his
ready
mony
,
and
many
of
his
Jewels
,
he
moreover
won
of
him
a
piece
of
Ambergris
,
to
the
value
of
20000.
Crowns
,
the
greatest
that
ever
was
seen
in
Europe
;
and
which
the
Republick
of
Venice
,
to
whom
it
was
after
sold
,
preserve
to
this
day
in
their
Treasure
for
a
great
rarity
.
The
Duke
had
not
long
been
Master
of
it
;
a
Country
fellow
that
had
found
it
upon
the
Coast
of
Medoc
,
having
but
a
little
before
brought
it
to
him
,
as
a
thing
due
to
the
House
of
Candale
;
of
which
the
Duke
was
now
the
head
.
This
Ancient
and
illustrious
Family
,
are
possessors
of
many
goodly
Mannors
in
Guienne
,
and
principally
in
the
Country
of
Medoc
,
with
as
ample
priviledges
as
belong
to
any
of
the
greatest
Territories
of
the
Kingdom
;
of
which
one
of
the
most
honourable
is
that
of
the
Admiralty
,
which
might
also
have
been
one
of
the
most
profitable
,
had
the
Duke
when
the
Spanish
Carricks
suffer●d
Shipwrack
upon
that
Coast
in
the
year
1627
▪
been
countenanc'd
in
his
right
;
which
,
however
at
that
time
set
aside
,
derives
to
him
nevertheless
from
a
Title
of
above
300.
years
standing
,
to
all
the
wracks
that
should
happen
any
where
within
the
extent
of
above
fifty
Leagues
upon
the
Coast
that
bounds
this
Territory
.
But
how
just
soever
his
claim
might
be
,
it
was
impossible
for
him
to
justifie
his
title
against
the
Power
,
that
then
under
his
Majesties
name
exercis'd
a
more
than
Sovereign
Authority
.
The
Sea
of
Medoc
,
one
of
the
most
tempestuous
of
the
Ocean
,
famous
for
Shipwracks
,
and
for
that
reason
call'd
La
Mer
Sauvage
,
or
the
wild
Sea
,
hath
usually
in
stormy
weather
cast
up
Ambergris
,
and
the
best
in
the
world
,
upon
that
Coast
;
a
truth
I
can
with
confidence
aver
,
after
having
been
an
eye-witness
of
the
difference
betwixt
that
,
and
the
other
which
was
brought
from
the
Indies
in
the
Carricks
.
The
people
of
the
Country
,
by
the
profit
invited
to
this
search
,
never
fail
,
after
a
storm
to
rake
all
along
the
Shoar
for
this
Commodity
,
wherein
they
have
often
very
good
fortune
;
I
having
seen
in
my
time
a
piece
,
which
though
much
less
than
that
I
have
already
mention'd
,
weigh'd
above
twenty
pound
,
and
was
valued
at
above
20000.
Livers
,
found
by
a
Country
fellow
in
the
year
1625.
wherein
he
did
all
he
could
to
cheat
the
Lord
of
his
due
;
to
whom
two
thirds
of
the
thing
found
does
of
right
belong
,
and
the
third
to
the
finder
,
if
he
make
a
faithful
discovery
:
but
this
fellow's
fraud
being
found
out
,
the
Duke
was
by
justice
favour'd
in
his
claim
,
and
made
master
of
the
whole
.
Whilst
the
Duke
on
the
one
hand
lost
his
Mony
and
Jewels
at
play
,
his
liberality
at
the
same
time
acquir'd
a
Treasure
sufficient
to
recompense
those
losses
,
and
that
was
the
friendship
of
Messire
Philip
Cospean
,
The
advancement
of
Philip
Cospean
Bishop
of
Lizieux
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
means
.
first
Bishop
of
Aire
,
afterwards
of
Nantes
,
and
lastly
of
Lizieux
,
where
a
few
years
since
he
died
in
as
high
a
reputation
of
Sanctity
and
Learning
,
as
any
Prelate
of
his
time
.
This
good
Bishop
was
at
this
time
a
young
man
,
newly
arriv'd
from
Mons
in
Hainault
,
where
he
was
born
;
who
having
run
through
his
course
of
Study
at
Lovain
,
under
the
tuition
of
Iustus
Lipsius
,
with
great
applause
,
had
assurance
enough
to
trust
himself
upon
the
great
Theatre
of
Europe
,
and
resolv'd
upon
a
Journey
to
Paris
:
Thither
being
come
,
he
first
undertook
the
Education
of
Messieurs
de
Ramboüillet
,
and
du
Fargis
,
Pupils
worthy
of
so
excellent
a
Tutor
;
when
from
private
Precepts
,
proceeding
to
publick
Lectures
,
he
became
Philosophy
Reader
,
which
he
so
admirably
perform'd
,
that
he
soon
eclips'd
the
Reputation
of
the
most
famous
Doctors
of
his
time
.
Le
Plessis
Baussonniere
,
who
in
the
profession
of
Arms
retain'd
yet
a
great
inclination
to
Learning
,
being
invited
by
Cospean's
Reputation
to
his
Lectures
,
a
particular
friendship
was
soon
contracted
betwixt
them
;
under
the
priviledge
of
which
Le
Plessis
importun'd
Cospean
to
leave
the
Schools
,
and
to
mount
the
Pulpit
,
incouraging
his
modesty
with
the
applause
he
might
infallibly
promise
to
himself
from
the
equity
and
opinion
of
all
judicious
men
.
With
much
ado
Cospean
was
at
last
overcome
by
his
Friends
perswasions
,
so
that
he
preach'd
,
and
in
a
short
time
got
so
high
a
repute
,
that
le
Plessis
made
no
difficulty
to
invite
the
Duke
his
Master
to
hear
a
stranger
preach
,
that
had
no
name
at
Court
.
The
Duke
went
the
first
time
to
hear
him
upon
le
Plessis
account
,
where
being
highly
satisfied
with
the
Eloquence
of
this
new
Orator
,
he
afterwards
drew
most
of
the
Court
to
hear
him
,
where
Cospean
out-stripping
the
expectation
of
all
his
Auditories
,
arriv'd
in
a
short
space
to
such
a
degree
of
Reputation
,
that
he
became
the
model
of
queint
Preaching
;
and
doubtless
by
this
stranger
Eloquence
first
mounted
the
Pulpit
in
France
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon
,
not
content
only
to
countenance
the
Reputation
of
so
deserving
a
man
,
would
further
by
his
bounty
advance
a
Vertue
,
that
he
had
first
brought
into
the
light
;
wherefore
the
Bishoprick
of
Aire
having
been
some
time
vacant
by
the
decease
of
Francis
de
Foix
,
and
de
Candale
,
and
this
Dignity
being
at
his
dispose
,
he
preferr'd
the
Merit
of
his
Friend
,
to
the
consideration
and
respect
of
many
men
of
Quality
,
his
Relations
;
and
unknown
to
Cospean
,
dispatch'd
his
Mandamus
to
the
Bishoprick
,
procur'd
Bulls
from
Rome
at
his
own
Charge
,
and
gave
him
Furniture
and
Equipage
necessary
for
the
support
of
his
Dignity
,
which
would
otherwise
have
been
very
chargeable
to
him
.
A
bounty
this
good
Prelate
would
often
mention
to
me
in
the
story
of
his
Life
,
with
the
greatest
acknowledgment
;
and
never
was
man
more
grateful
for
a
Benefit
,
than
he
made
it
appear
he
was
for
this
all
the
days
of
his
life
.
Neither
if
he
,
upon
all
occasions
,
highly
magnified
the
Duke's
Liberality
,
was
the
Duke
less
satisfied
with
his
good
Fortune
,
that
had
given
him
so
happy
an
opportunity
to
oblige
so
excellent
a
man
;
from
whom
,
I
have
often
heard
him
declare
,
he
receiv'd
more
assistance
in
his
Affairs
,
more
sweetness
,
and
satisfaction
in
his
conversation
,
and
more
comfort
in
his
afflictions
,
than
from
all
the
advantages
he
had
deriv'd
from
Fortune
besides
,
during
the
whole
course
of
his
long
life
.
All
these
things
past
during
the
calm
the
Court
at
this
time
liv'd
in
,
a
tranquillity
wherein
the
King
,
who
by
the
sole
reputation
of
his
name
kept
all
things
quiet
abroad
,
and
who
had
very
little
to
do
at
home
,
began
seriously
to
think
of
improving
his
Revenue
,
and
of
filling
his
Treasure
;
his
great
,
and
noble
courage
suggesting
to
him
generous
designs
enough
of
employing
it
one
day
to
the
glory
of
his
own
name
,
and
to
the
advantage
of
his
Crown
and
Kingdom
.
A
time
wherein
the
presence
of
his
great
Ministers
being
not
very
necessary
at
Court
,
where
all
things
were
carried
on
by
his
Majesties
own
particular
conduct
,
every
man
had
leisure
to
look
after
his
own
private
affairs
.
It
was
after
the
foremention'd
transactions
that
hapned
in
the
Years
1602.
and
1603.
Anno
1604.
that
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
willing
to
share
in
the
liberty
of
the
time
,
departed
in
the
latter
end
of
the
last
into
his
Governments
of
Xaintonge
,
and
Angoumois
;
where
bearing
still
in
mind
the
affront
offer'd
him
by
the
Mareschal
d'
Ornano
,
A
ne●
q●arrel
like
to
rise
betwixt
the
Duke
o●
Espernon
▪
and
the
Mareschal
d'
Ornano
.
and
thinking
himself
not
clear
in
his
Reputation
,
unless
he
return'd
again
to
Bordeaux
to
renew
the
match
had
before
by
the
Mareschals
morosity
been
broken
off
,
he
went
again
to
Bordeaux
in
the
beginning
of
the
year
1604.
to
make
ready
for
a
Carnaval
;
to
which
he
had
invited
a
far
greater
number
of
Nobility
,
and
Gentry
than
before
,
and
where
the
preparation
for
Masques
,
Running
at
the
Ring
,
Balls
,
and
Feasting
,
were
made
with
great
pomp
,
and
vast
expense
.
But
the
Mareschal
,
notwithstanding
the
Orders
he
had
receiv'd
from
the
King
,
conceiving
this
business
,
what
gloss
soever
might
be
put
upon
it
,
would
be
interpreted
to
his
disgrace
,
and
would
pass
in
the
opinions
of
men
at
honour
for
a
Bravado
,
and
an
affront
to
him
in
his
Government
,
could
by
no
means
perswade
himself
to
digest
it
,
which
made
him
very
important
with
the
King
,
that
his
Majesty
would
please
to
absolve
him
from
so
injurious
a
condition
;
a
thing
the
King
(
who
had
him
in
great
esteem
)
would
as
willingly
have
done
:
But
his
Royal
Word
being
already
pass'd
to
the
Duke
,
whom
he
knew
to
be
as
obstinate
as
the
other
,
in
things
wherein
his
Honour
was
concern'd
,
and
not
knowing
how
at
once
to
satisfie
two
so
different
humours
,
matters
were
in
all
apparence
going
into
as
ill
terms
as
at
first
,
when
an
accident
fell
out
that
soon
took
the
Duke
off
all
thoughts
of
that
Solemnity
.
The
Dutchess
of
Bar
the
King
's
only
Sister
,
hapned
to
dye
at
this
time
which
gave
the
King
occasion
to
write
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
that
he
assur'd
himself
all
such
good
Subjects
and
Servants
,
as
he
was
,
would
rather
lament
with
him
for
the
loss
of
so
dear
a
Relation
,
than
to
think
of
Mirth
and
publick
Solemnities
of
Joy
,
at
so
unseasonable
a
time
;
a
command
so
much
the
easier
for
the
Duke
to
obey
,
by
how
much
he
himself
had
particular
reason
to
be
really
afflicted
at
the
death
of
that
excellent
Lady
.
So
that
by
this
accident
the
Mareschal
d'
Ornano
saw
himself
disingag'd
from
one
of
the
greatest
extremities
he
had
ever
found
himself
involv'd
in
,
it
having
been
otherwise
necessary
for
him
,
either
absolutely
to
disobey
the
King
,
which
he
could
not
have
done
without
incurring
his
disgrace
,
or
patiently
to
submit
to
an
affront
he
himself
had
declar'd
to
be
the
greatest
he
could
possibly
receive
;
and
that
(
't
is
said
)
he
was
resolv'd
to
have
avoided
by
laying
down
his
Commission
:
such
as
were
most
perfect
in
his
passionate
nature
being
confident
,
had
it
come
to
the
push
,
he
would
certainly
have
ransom'd
himself
from
that
submission
at
the
price
of
his
Fortune
.
The
Duke
continued
some
time
after
this
in
Guienne
,
and
from
thence
returned
into
Angoumois
,
where
he
spent
the
remainder
of
the
year
,
without
being
call'd
thence
upon
any
publick
occasion
.
All
things
(
as
has
been
said
)
were
quiet
,
and
the
King
seem'd
to
be
wholly
taken
up
,
with
the
care
of
husbanding
and
filling
his
Exchequer
;
wherein
though
some
believ'd
him
to
be
meerly
carried
on
by
a
natural
inclination
to
the
love
of
mony
;
yet
his
designs
which
a
few
years
after
disclos'd
themselves
gave
the
world
an
accompt
,
that
there
was
more
of
design
than
avarice
in
the
exact
care
he
took
to
moderate
the
excessive
expense
had
by
his
predecessor
been
introduc'd
into
the
Kingdom
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon
nevertheless
could
have
wish'd
his
Majesty
had
been
more
open
handed
to
the
Garrisons
in
his
Government
,
those
of
Angoulesme
,
and
Xaintes
being
so
ill
paid
that
they
could
hardly
subsist
;
which
putting
him
into
an
apprehension
,
that
those
places
(
become
now
as
it
were
Frontier
Towns
,
since
those
of
the
Reformed
Religion
had
made
a
kind
of
separation
in
the
State
,
of
which
Rochelle
seem'd
to
be
the
Metropolitan
City
)
might
be
lost
in
his
hands
,
he
continually
represented
to
the
King
the
danger
those
Cities
were
in
,
but
without
being
regarded
at
all
;
which
made
him
in
the
beginning
of
the
ensuing
year
resolve
upon
a
Journey
to
Court
,
to
try
,
if
in
person
,
and
by
word
of
mouth
he
could
not
prevail
more
,
than
by
continual
importunities
in
writing
he
had
hitherto
done
:
where
being
arriv'd
,
and
presenting
himself
before
the
King
,
his
Majesty
as'd
him
in
what
condition
he
had
left
his
Governments
?
to
whom
the
Duke
reply'd
,
That
they
could
not
possibly
be
in
a
worse
;
the
necessity
of
the
Souldiery
in
Garrison
being
so
great
that
he
durst
not
undertake
for
the
security
of
those
places
committed
to
his
charge
.
To
which
the
King
having
made
answer
,
That
they
were
us'd
as
others
were
:
The
Duke
(
who
very
well
knew
the
difference
his
Majesty
made
betwixt
his
Catholick
Garrisons
,
and
the
neighbouring
places
possess'd
by
those
of
the
Reform'd
Religion
)
took
the
liberty
to
tell
him
,
that
those
who
had
so
inform'd
his
Majesty
had
given
him
a
very
ill
accompt
of
his
Affairs
,
the
Garrisons
of
those
of
the
Religion
,
who
perhaps
were
arm'd
to
the
prejudice
of
his
Service
,
being
nothing
in
Arrear
,
whilst
the
Catholicks
who
were
firm
in
their
obedience
,
were
ready
to
perish
for
want
of
pay
.
The
King
nettled
at
so
tart
a
reply
,
and
angry
that
the
Duke
should
give
him
so
publick
a
reproach
in
the
discovery
of
a
truth
,
he
had
a
mind
,
for
many
reasons
,
should
have
been
conceal'd
,
suffer'd
himself
to
be
so
far
transported
by
his
passion
,
that
he
could
not
forbear
to
tell
the
Duke
,
He
was
perverse
,
and
importunate
:
That
he
sought
all
occasions
to
displease
him
:
That
he
would
have
done
him
a
greater
kindness
to
have
kept
still
at
the
distance
he
was
at
,
than
to
come
into
his
presence
only
to
offend
him
;
and
for
the
close
of
all
,
that
he
had
long
observ'd
he
did
not
love
him
.
To
which
the
Duke
without
being
thunder-struck
at
the
King's
anger
,
which
might
perhaps
have
surpriz'd
another
man
,
less
confident
of
his
Fidelity
than
he
,
insisting
upon
the
last
words
,
answered
coldly
,
but
after
a
serious
manner
,
Sir
,
your
Majesty
has
not
a
more
faithful
Subject
than
my self
in
your
Kingdom
,
and
I
had
rather
die
,
than
do
any
thing
contrary
to
the
least
particle
of
my
duty
:
A
bold
answer
from
the
Duke
to
the
King
,
well
receiv'd
,
and
turn'd
to
his
advantage
.
But
Sir
,
for
what
concerns
friendship
,
your
Majesty
knows
very
well
,
that
is
a
thing
not
to
be
acquir'd
but
by
Friendship
.
At
so
bold
,
and
generous
an
answer
,
there
was
none
who
was
not
astonish'd
at
the
Duke's
freedom
,
and
that
was
not
ready
to
condemn
his
rashness
;
though
the
King
himself
,
who
knew
how
to
put
a
just
value
upon
great
actions
,
and
how
to
interpret
language
of
this
nature
,
was
of
a
more
favourable
opinion
,
and
gave
no
reply
:
but
on
the
contrary
,
reflecting
upon
what
the
Duke
had
said
,
converted
his
indignation
into
esteem
;
and
interpreting
what
others
thought
temerity
,
for
an
effect
of
honest
liberty
,
proceeding
from
a
good
conscience
,
resolv'd
to
make
himself
belov'd
,
by
the
way
the
Duke
had
laid
him
down
,
and
from
that
time
forward
began
to
use
him
much
better
,
than
he
had
ever
done
.
Neither
was
the
Duke
wanting
on
his
part
,
but
perceiving
his
Majesties
good
disposition
towards
him
,
and
adding
the
spur
of
affection
to
what
he
had
formerly
perform'd
upon
the
meer
accompt
of
duty
,
he
at
last
obtain'd
so
great
a
share
in
his
Majesties
favour
,
and
good
opinion
,
that
before
his
death
he
receiv'd
as
many
testimonies
of
his
Royal
good
Will
and
Confidence
,
Anno
1605.
as
any
other
person
of
his
condition
whatsoever
in
the
Kingdom
.
This
confidence
began
soon
after
to
appear
,
The
Duke's
expedition
into
Limousin
.
by
the
command
the
King
was
pleas'd
to
give
the
Duke
over
the
Horse
and
Foot
he
sent
into
Limousin
;
when
tir'd
out
with
the
continual
disorders
,
the
excess
of
his
clemency
begat
every
day
in
his
Kingdom
,
he
was
resolv'd
to
take
order
once
for
all
,
and
by
a
severe
and
exemplary
punishment
to
quiet
the
Rebellion
some
of
Mounsieur
de
Boüillons
Servants
openly
maintain'd
after
his
departure
out
of
the
Kingdom
in
Perigord
,
Quercy
,
and
Limousin
.
The
Mareschal
de
Boüillon
was
seiz'd
of
many
very
fair
possessions
,
and
had
many
Friends
and
Servants
in
those
Provinces
;
where
the
Nobility
,
Gentry
,
and
Commons
being
also
naturally
inclin'd
to
Arms
,
it
was
no
hard
matter
to
perswade
them
into
commotion
.
The
King
had
been
given
to
understand
,
that
under
the
pretense
of
seeking
protection
only
from
the
Protestant
Princes
of
Germany
,
and
the
Swisse
Cantons
;
the
Mareschal
endeavour'd
to
interest
them
in
the
Quarrel
of
those
of
the
Religion
in
France
,
by
possessing
them
(
as
it
was
said
)
that
since
the
King's
Conversion
,
their
usage
was
far
different
from
what
it
had
formerly
been
,
and
the
liberty
of
Conscience
far
more
restrain'd
,
than
it
us'd
to
be
.
Neither
did
his
Majesty
doubt
,
but
that
all
of
his
opinion
in
his
Kingdom
,
would
easily
be
induc'd
to
follow
the
Duke
of
Boüillon's
discontent
,
who
had
acquir'd
an
absolute
reputation
among
them
.
He
farther
saw
that
many
Catholicks
made
no
scruple
to
joyn
with
him
,
to
the
end
they
might
re-enjoy
the
licence
of
War
,
which
would
by
no
means
be
allow'd
them
in
the
better
times
of
Peace
:
He
knew
that
great
summes
of
mony
were
distributed
for
the
raising
of
men
;
which
mony
was
suspected
to
come
from
Spain
,
from
whence
all
the
intestine
broils
of
his
Kingdom
had
ever
been
countenanc'd
,
and
promoted
.
Evil
dispositions
,
that
being
all
joyn'd
together
,
were
sufficient
to
produce
great
disorders
in
the
State
,
and
to
reduce
the
King
in
spite
of
his
heart
to
the
necessity
of
a
Civil
War
.
His
Majesty
therefore
thinking
it
very
convenient
to
prevent
all
these
disorders
,
and
to
suffocate
them
in
their
Birth
,
resolv'd
to
go
in
person
to
Limousin
,
either
by
his
Presence
to
appease
,
or
by
his
Authority
to
suppress
the
begun
Commotions
:
but
to
dispose
them
to
their
obedience
if
possible
before
his
arrival
,
to
chastise
some
Offenders
without
drawing
the
Odium
immediately
upon
himself
,
and
to
reduce
every
one
to
his
Duty
;
he
order'd
the
Duke
of
Espernon
to
go
before
with
six
Companies
only
of
his
Regiment
of
Guards
,
and
four
Troops
of
Horse
;
not
doubting
but
with
this
little
Body
,
together
with
the
Duke's
Interest
(
which
was
very
considerable
in
those
parts
,
of
which
some
places
were
under
his
own
Government
)
he
would
be
able
to
give
a
better
accompt
of
his
Expedition
,
than
another
perhaps
could
do
with
greater
Forces
.
And
to
the
end
that
his
Justice
might
accompany
his
Arms
,
he
joyn'd
to
the
Duke
Iean
Iaques
de
Mesmes
Segnieur
de
Roissy
,
Master
of
Requests
,
with
Commission
of
Oyer
and
Terminer
to
sit
upon
the
Life
,
and
Death
of
the
Offenders
.
This
was
he
so
famous
for
his
Integrity
,
and
Valour
,
that
was
afterwards
Doyen
to
the
Council
of
State
,
where
,
though
the
esteem
every
one
had
of
his
Vertue
was
very
great
;
yet
was
it
no
more
,
than
was
due
to
his
merit
;
although
afterwards
in
the
progress
of
a
long
life
,
he
had
this
honour
added
to
the
rest
he
enjoy'd
,
to
see
his
name
illustrated
by
a
noble
Posterity
;
not
any
man
scarce
of
his
condition
in
the
Kingdom
having
supply'd
the
State
with
so
great
and
able
Ministers
.
The
Duke
having
taken
his
leave
of
the
King
,
advanc'd
into
Limousin
;
where
he
would
have
Crequy
Camp-Master
to
the
Regiment
of
Guards
to
command
in
person
the
Forces
he
took
along
with
him
,
and
where
the
most
turbulent
spirits
,
at
his
unexpected
arrival
(
which
by
his
diligence
had
almost
got
the
start
of
any
intelligence
of
his
coming
)
medi●ated
nothing
less
than
their
defense
;
some
of
the
most
advis'd
fearing
to
have
to
do
with
the
Duke
,
or
de
Roissy
,
appeal'd
to
his
Majesties
mercy
,
and
by
the
acknowledgement
of
their
offense
,
obtain'd
their
Pardon
;
others
retir'd
themselves
to
the
Duke
de
Boüillon
to
Sedan
,
the
most
imprudent
,
or
the
most
unfortunate
only
falling
into
the
hands
of
Justice
.
Of
which
five
or
six
suffer'd
death
,
though
many
others
were
punish'd
by
more
moderate
ways
:
so
that
before
the
King's
arrival
at
Limoges
,
all
those
Countries
,
that
before
breath'd
nothing
but
Sedition
and
Disorder
,
were
now
so
calm
and
still
,
that
his
Majesty
had
nothing
to
do
,
but
by
his
Clemency
to
settle
Rebels
,
newly
reclaim'd
from
their
Disobedience
,
in
their
Duty
,
and
to
reward
his
faithful
Subjects
,
by
the
demonstrations
of
his
Grace
and
Favour
.
The
end
of
the
Fifth
Book
.
THE
HISTORY
Of
the
LIFE
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
The
Sixth
Book
.
THE
Affairs
of
Limousin
,
that
had
taken
up
the
Duke
of
Espernon
the
whole
year
,
having
been
compos'd
with
the
facility
you
have
heard
,
A
dispute
betwixt
the
Duke
of
Espernon
and
the
Duke
of
Guise
.
the
King
return'd
again
to
Paris
,
attended
by
the
Duke
,
who
had
now
nothing
left
to
do
behind
.
The
antiquated
enmity
,
that
so
many
years
had
been
nourish'd
betwixt
the
House
of
Guise
and
him
,
continued
still
,
which
was
ready
to
discover
it self
upon
every
light
occasion
,
and
almost
as
oft
as
they
met
to
come
to
a
bustle
betwixt
them
:
In
all
which
disputes
,
the
Duke
(
notwithstanding
that
that
Illustrious
Family
,
by
the
greatness
of
their
Birth
,
and
by
their
Offices
in
the
State
,
by
their
vast
possessions
in
the
Kingdom
,
and
above
all
by
the
great
number
of
generous
Princes
of
which
it
was
compos'd
,
as
also
by
the
potency
of
their
Alliances
,
made
up
a
great
part
of
the
Court
)
would
never
give
them
the
least
ground
,
but
ever
sustein'd
their
power
with
great
Spirit
,
and
Vigour
;
neither
did
he
want
such
a
number
of
Relations
,
and
Servants
,
as
might
secure
him
from
the
apprehension
of
the
greatness
of
any
.
He
had
sometime
before
this
had
a
brisk
dispute
with
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
the
King
being
at
Lyons
,
which
proceeded
so
far
,
that
the
Duke
of
Espernon
by
the
hands
of
la
Pierre
,
one
of
the
Duke's
Gentlemen
,
receiv'd
a
Challenge
from
him
,
though
the
Quarrel
had
been
so
publick
,
and
the
Duke
of
Guise
was
so
narrowly
watch'd
by
his
Friends
,
that
he
could
not
get
out
into
the
Field
;
wherein
the
Duke
of
Espernon
was
better
serv'd
by
his
,
who
permitted
him
to
go
out
of
the
City
with
Gohas
,
whom
he
took
with
him
for
his
second
:
but
being
call'd
back
by
the
King's
Command
,
who
would
himself
compose
their
difference
,
that
Quarrel
was
soon
at
an
end
.
There
hapned
at
this
time
another
,
betwixt
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
and
the
Prince
of
Ioinville
,
Another
quarrel
betwixt
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
and
the
Pri●ce
of
Ioinville
.
now
Duke
of
Chevreuse
,
and
Brother
to
the
Duke
of
Guise
;
for
this
Prince
having
staid
the
Coach
of
a
Woman
of
Quality
at
the
outer
Gate
of
the
Louvre
,
one
night
that
the
King
had
appointed
a
great
Dancing
at
Court
,
and
the
Duke
coming
out
,
with
the
Duke
of
Montensier
to
go
home
,
the
Ladies
Coach
so
stopt
the
Gate
,
that
the
Duke's
could
not
possibly
pass
;
wherefore
he
commanded
the
Coachman
to
make
way
:
But
the
Duke
of
Chevreuse
,
who
was
lean'd
upon
one
of
the
Boots
of
the
Coach
,
on
the
dark
side
where
he
could
not
be
perceiv'd
,
commanded
the
Coach-man
not
to
stir
,
seeking
(
as
it
was
plain
enough
)
out
of
youthful
bravery
,
an
occasion
to
quarrel
:
nor
did
the
Duke
fail
to
give
him
as
good
a
one
,
as
he
could
desire
;
for
not
being
able
longer
to
endure
the
insolency
of
so
base
a
fellow
,
he
cudgell'd
the
Coach-man
so
well
,
that
he
forc'd
him
at
last
to
give
back
.
The
Prince
de
Ioinville
,
who
perhaps
forbore
out
of
respect
to
the
Duke
of
Montpensier
,
appear'd
not
at
all
in
the
business
at
that
time
;
but
in
the
morning
sent
the
Gentleman
of
his
Horse
,
le
Comté
by
name
,
to
question
the
Duke
about
it
:
The
Duke
was
yet
in
his
bed
,
and
asleep
when
the
Gentleman
came
,
but
being
wak'd
by
the
Groom
of
his
Chamber
,
who
never
refus'd
admittance
to
any
,
he
sent
for
him
to
his
bed-side
;
where
being
come
,
the
Gentleman
told
him
that
he
was
sent
by
the
Prince
of
Ioinville
his
Master
,
to
know
,
if
when
he
beat
the
Coachman
over
night
,
he
did
it
to
affront
him
?
To
which
the
Duke
returning
no
answer
,
but
only
asking
him
where
his
Master
was
?
and
the
other
having
answered
that
he
staid
at
the
foot
of
Montmartre
with
a
good
Horse
,
and
a
good
Sword
to
expect
him
,
he
,
without
more
words
leap'd
out
of
his
Bed
,
drest
himself
in
the
Gentleman's
presence
,
and
having
led
him
into
his
Armory
,
took
out
thence
two
Swords
of
equal
length
;
whereof
he
gave
him
the
choice
;
by
which
time
the
Master
of
his
own
Horse
,
being
also
come
to
him
they
went
all
three
together
to
the
place
.
Being
there
come
,
the
Duke
found
the
Prince
de
Ioinville
ready
to
receive
him
,
their
Swords
were
already
drawn
,
and
they
were
just
going
to
't
;
when
the
Prince
,
who
had
his
face
towards
Paris
,
●eeing
a
Party
of
●orse
coming
that
way
,
and
suspecting
it
was
with
an
intent
to
prevent
them
,
shew'd
them
to
the
Duke
,
telling
him
withal
that
they
must
spur
to
gain
the
Bois
de
Boulogne
,
and
without
more
words
turn'd
his
Horse
that
way
.
The
Duke
,
who
by
the
distance
of
those
he
saw
,
conceiv'd
they
had
yet
time
enough
to
end
their
dispute
before
they
could
come
in
to
interrupt
them
,
had
a
great
mind
,
without
going
further
,
to
have
dispatch'd
the
business
there
:
but
being
necessitated
to
follow
the
Prince
,
who
was
already
upon
the
gallop
towards
the
Wood
,
he
spurr'd
after
,
though
they
could
not
make
such
haste
,
but
that
they
were
interrupted
before
they
could
come
there
,
and
by
their
Friends
carried
back
to
the
City
.
Where
the
King
,
having
notice
of
their
Quarrel
,
commanded
them
both
to
the
Louvre
,
and
there
took
up
the
bu●iness
,
making
them
embrace
in
his
presence
,
and
promise
to
be
good
friends
.
That
which
was
most
remarkable
on
the
Duke's
side
in
this
occasion
was
,
that
the
number
of
those
who
declar'd
themselves
of
his
Party
was
so
great
,
that
they
took
up
all
the
space
betwixt
the
Roule
,
to
the
Louvre
;
whilst
the
Duke
of
Ioinville
was
only
countenanc'd
by
those
of
his
own
Relation
,
whose
interest
in
Paris
was
at
this
time
very
much
declin'd
,
from
what
it
had
formerly
been
in
the
life
of
the
Duke
his
Father
.
Although
the
residence
of
this
great
City
was
very
pleasing
to
the
King
,
Anno
1606.
yet
could
not
the
delights
that
entertain'd
him
there
,
detain
his
Majesty
from
visiting
all
parts
of
his
Kingdom
,
where
he
conceiv'd
his
presence
to
be
necessary
for
the
advancement
of
his
Affairs
.
We
saw
him
the
last
year
in
Limousin
,
The
King
makes
an●
expedition
to
Se●n
,
wherein
the
command
of
t●e
V●nt-Guard
is
commit●ed
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
and
this
invited
him
into
Champagne
,
and
as
far
as
Sedan
,
to
reduce
the
Duke
of
Boüillon
to
his
duty
.
This
Duke
keeping
himself
still
at
a
distance
from
the
Court
,
and
refractory
to
several
Summons
his
Majesty
had
sent
him
to
make
his
appearance
,
and
by
justifying
himself
to
obtain
his
favour
,
it
was
plain
that
his
refusing
to
come
,
was
a
contempt
to
the
Sovereign
Authority
,
and
that
therefore
his
Majesty
in
the
vindication
of
his
own
honour
,
was
oblig'd
to
chastize
him
.
Neither
did
he
longer
defer
,
for
that
purpose
to
make
his
preparation
for
a
Journey
to
Sedan
.
In
this
expedition
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
whom
the
King
began
now
much
better
to
relish
,
and
whose
admirable
care
,
and
vigilancy
,
upon
all
occasions
,
gave
his
Majesty
infinite
satisfaction
,
had
the
command
of
the
Vant-Guard
committed
to
him
,
and
had
matters
proceeded
to
the
necessity
of
a
Siege
,
was
design'd
for
one
of
the
most
important
Quarters
against
the
Town
:
but
the
Duke
of
Boüillon
having
at
last
shut
himself
up
in
the
place
,
and
not
willing
to
pull
upon
himself
the
utmost
effects
of
the
King's
indignation
,
had
recourse
to
his
mercy
;
and
by
his
submissions
,
together
with
the
Queens
intercession
(
who
ordinarily
accompanied
the
King
in
all
his
Motions
)
obtain'd
of
his
Majesty
an
indempnity
for
all
things
past
,
upon
the
most
favourable
terms
he
could
himself
expect
,
or
desire
.
Whereupon
he
receiv'd
the
King
into
the
City
the
seventh
of
April
1606.
with
a
Garrison
of
300.
men
,
which
by
the
condition
of
the
Accommodation
were
to
remain
four
years
in
the
Castle
;
during
which
time
his
Majesty
would
make
tryal
of
this
new
Convert's
perseverance
in
his
duty
:
but
that
long
space
was
,
by
his
Majesties
favour
,
reduc'd
to
a
few
months
,
the
bounty
of
this
generous
Prince
ever
contracting
the
term
of
mens
disgraces
;
his
displeasure
being
short
liv'd
,
and
of
no
continuance
;
but
his
noble
nature
being
ever
constant
to
oblige
all
his
Subjects
.
Though
the
following
year
was
pass'd
over
without
any
disturbance
in
the
Kingdom
;
Anno
1607.
yet
did
his
Majesties
Name
,
and
Reputation
give
him
opportunity
,
and
by
his
Authority
,
Power
,
to
compose
one
of
the
most
dangerous
differences
,
that
could
possibly
have
hapned
amongst
Christian
Princes
,
and
that
was
the
falling
out
betwixt
the
Pope
Paul
the
V.
and
the
Republick
of
Venice
:
a
disorder
,
that
had
it
not
in
time
been
taken
up
,
would
infallibly
have
involv'd
all
Christendom
in
the
Quarrel
,
and
it
is
infini●ely
to
be
fear'd
,
have
given
the
Turk
opportunity
in
so
great
a
confusion
to
have
made
a
formidable
advance
into
the
very
heart
of
Europe
.
A
danger
that
his
Majesty
(
than
whom
none
was
clearer
sighted
)
very
well
forsaw
,
and
(
retaining
a
grateful
memory
of
the
obligations
he
had
receiv'd
,
both
from
the
Holy
Sea
,
and
that
Republick
at
his
advancement
to
the
Crown
)
as
soon
undertook
to
interpose
betwixt
those
two
powerful
adversaries
.
The
business
was
carried
on
by
the
mediation
of
the
Cardinal
de
Ioyeuse
,
and
Cardinal
Perron
;
wherein
the
one
,
and
the
other
proceeding
according
to
his
Majesties
wise
direction
,
their
endeavours
were
at
last
crown'd
with
success
,
and
all
things
concluded
to
the
satisfaction
of
both
parties
,
but
chiefly
to
the
Honour
of
France
;
which
now
appear'd
to
be
the
Arbiter
of
all
the
Estates
of
Europe
.
And
indeed
in
those
times
all
things
in
a
manner
were
sway'd
by
his
Majesties
will
;
his
desire
being
almost
a
rule
to
all
Princes
in
all
Affairs
:
Neither
was
there
in
the
whole
world
a
Kingdom
to
be
found
more
glorious
,
more
flourishing
,
or
more
happy
,
than
that
of
France
,
during
the
Reign
of
this
mighty
Prince
.
Yet
could
not
all
this
reputation
abroad
secure
him
from
afflictions
at
home
;
neither
could
his
greatness
and
bounty
exempt
him
from
the
power
of
Death
;
who
first
exercising
his
cruelty
upon
some
of
his
Family
,
discharg'd
in
the
end
his
whole
rage
and
fury
upon
his
own
person
.
The
precedent
year
had
ravish'd
from
him
one
of
the
Princes
his
Children
,
and
this
depriv'd
him
of
the
Duke
of
Montp●nsier
his
Cousin
;
The
de●th
of
the
Duke
of
Montp●nsier
.
a
Prince
for
whom
his
Majesty
had
as
great
a
kindness
,
as
for
any
whatsoever
of
his
Blood
,
as
he
made
it
appear
by
the
true
sorrow
he
manifested
for
his
death
:
but
the
Duke
of
Espernon
was
afflicted
beyond
all
expression
.
I
have
already
given
an
accompt
of
the
Alliance
betwixt
these
two
,
and
of
the
particular
Friendship
that
Alliance
begot
,
I
shall
now
further
say
,
they
were
inseparable
in
their
conversation
,
their
Interests
went
ever
hand
in
hand
with
one
another
,
and
it
will
be
hard
to
find
a
Friendship
so
pure
,
and
constant
betwixt
two
private
persons
,
as
they
ever
preserved
entire
,
in
the
corruptions
and
revolutions
of
the
Court
.
Neither
could
the
friendship
of
a
Prince
of
his
extraction
and
vertue
be
otherwise
than
of
great
importance
to
the
Duke
;
whose
prosperity
and
advancement
had
procur'd
him
so
much
envy
,
and
consequently
so
many
enemies
:
yet
was
he
constrain'd
to
submit
to
the
inevitable
necessity
of
death
,
and
to
bear
with
patience
a
loss
for
which
there
was
no
other
remedy
.
This
accident
was
yet
follow'd
by
another
the
ensuing
year
,
Anno
1608.
at
which
the
Duke
was
almost
equally
afflicted
:
Pere
Ange
de
Ioyeuse
,
Father-in-law
to
the
Duke
of
Montpensier
,
had
been
return'd
into
the
Order
of
Fathers
Capuchins
from
the
year
1599.
from
which
time
he
had
continued
in
the
austerity
of
his
Canon
with
so
great
zeal
and
sanctity
,
that
he
was
become
a
president
of
Vertue
,
and
Holy
Living
to
all
the
Religious
Men
of
his
Order
:
Yet
did
he
not
(
when
returning
to
the
observation
of
his
Vow
,
he
threw
off
all
worldly
vanities
,
and
desires
)
banish
from
his
breast
those
true
affections
which
Nature
and
Reason
had
planted
in
his
heart
:
but
on
the
contrary
had
ever
in
his
greatest
retirement
cherish'd
the
Duke's
friendship
,
as
if
he
had
been
his
true
Brother
in
Blood
,
as
he
was
in
Alliance
and
Affection
.
Neither
was
the
Duke
on
his
part
less
sedulous
to
improve
so
vertuous
an
Interest
,
ever
honouring
,
and
loving
him
,
even
in
his
penitential
Sack-cloath
,
at
as
high
a
rate
,
as
when
he
liv'd
in
the
greatest
Lustre
,
in
the
most
honourable
employments
;
and
applying
himself
with
greater
diligence
to
the
Interests
of
his
House
,
and
to
the
advancement
of
his
Daughter
,
than
when
he
himself
liv'd
upon
the
great
Theatre
of
the
busie
world
:
so
that
in
different
capacities
of
living
,
their
friendship
continued
still
one
,
and
the
same
,
till
death
came
to
cut
the
knot
,
The
death
of
Pere
Ange
de
Ioyeuse
the
Duke's
Brother-in-law
.
which
along
had
power
to
dissolve
it
.
This
Holy
man
died
at
Rivoly
in
Piedmont
,
in
his
return
from
Rome
,
in
great
reputation
of
Sanctity
and
Vertue
,
which
has
since
by
time
been
made
more
manifest
to
all
.
The
following
year
affords
so
little
considerable
to
be
said
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
in
particular
(
the
Court
being
at
this
time
wrap'd
in
so
great
a
calm
and
security
,
Anno
1609.
that
there
is
nothing
of
moment
to
be
reported
of
any
save
the
King
himself
)
that
it
might
well
enough
be
pass'd
over
in
silence
:
But
having
hitherto
found
out
something
or
other
to
record
in
the
foregoing
years
,
I
had
rather
travel
,
not
out
of
my
subject
only
,
but
also
out
of
the
affairs
of
the
Kingdom
,
than
to
omit
the
most
glorious
proof
his
Majesty
could
possibly
give
of
his
Authority
with
all
the
Princes
,
and
States
of
Christendom
in
the
conclusion
of
the
Truce
betwixt
the
Crown
of
Spain
,
and
the
States
of
the
United
Provinces
.
This
great
affair
had
been
fruitlesly
propos'd
almost
from
the
very
first
bustle
of
Arms
in
that
Country
;
neither
had
endeavours
been
wanting
even
in
the
heat
of
the
most
bloody
executions
(
that
the
fury
of
War
has
perhaps
produc'd
in
any
part
of
Europe
)
for
the
effecting
of
so
good
a
work
,
,
Treaties
of
Accommodation
having
every
year
,
during
those
troubles
been
constantly
by
some
or
other
set
on
foot
:
but
the
animosity
of
Factions
,
the
difference
of
Religions
,
and
the
variety
of
Events
,
that
had
ever
kept
Affairs
on
both
sides
as
it
were
in-equal
balance
,
had
so
exasperated
the
minds
of
men
,
that
scarce
any
proposition
of
Peace
would
be
endur'd
.
A
work
,
it
seems
,
reserv'd
to
be
an
additional
Ray
to
the
King's
Glory
,
The
Truce
betwixt
Spain
and
Holland
concluded
by
the
King's
mediation
.
whose
reputation
only
could
cut
the
knot
of
all
those
difficulties
.
Spain
had
great
need
of
Peace
,
which
having
often
,
without
interessing
the
King
in
the
Affair
,
sought
in
vain
,
he
was
in
fine
constrain'd
to
apply
himself
to
him
to
procure
it
,
and
wholly
to
submit
all
things
to
his
Arbitration
.
A
task
the
King
(
very
well
satisfied
with
so
high
,
and
publick
an
acknowledgment
of
his
power
)
as
readily
undertook
,
and
to
that
purpose
dispatch'd
away
President
Ianin
,
and
the
Sieur
de
R●issy
,
to
manage
the
Work
:
by
whose
prudent
conduct
,
fortified
by
their
Masters
Reputation
,
they
effected
that
by
the
weight
of
Authority
,
which
perhaps
their
dexterity
(
how
great
soever
)
without
great
labour
and
expence
of
much
time
,
could
not
otherwise
have
brought
to
pass
.
So
that
things
were
reduc'd
to
the
point
the
parties
concern'd
could
themselves
desire
;
from
whence
followed
an
universal
Peace
amongst
all
Christian
Princes
.
It
was
into
this
tranquille
condition
,
that
the
Affairs
of
Europe
were
first
to
be
wrought
,
Anno
1610.
before
the
King
could
begin
to
form
it
into
the
new
mould
he
had
long
design'd
;
for
this
great
Prince
,
born
to
reconcile
Monarchy
and
Justice
,
being
unable
to
endure
the
proud
Authority
,
with
which
the
Crown
of
Spain
lorded
it
over
all
her
Neighbours
,
and
more
impatient
that
by
the
expansion
of
his
Empire
the
Spaniard
should
reap
advantages
,
which
he
conceiv'd
were
more
justly
due
to
his
Birth
,
and
Valour
,
he
resolv'd
to
clip
the
wings
of
this
soaring
greatness
,
to
make
him
give
back
those
Territories
he
usurp'd
from
his
Neighbours
,
to
restore
the
Republicks
their
ancient
liberty
,
and
finally
to
reduce
his
power
to
the
limits
of
his
primitive
possession
.
This
in
short
is
all
that
can
be
said
of
the
King's
designs
,
and
all
that
such
as
conceiv'd
they
penetrated
deepest
into
his
most
private
thoughts
,
could
possibly
divine
;
it
being
most
certain
that
he
discover'd
the
bottom
of
his
design
to
none
,
which
had
it
been
communicated
to
any
,
the
Duke
of
Espernon
would
doubtless
in
this
conjuncture
have
participated
of
the
trust
:
The
King
makes
great
preparation
for
War
.
but
as
this
great
Prince
would
execute
all
things
in
his
own
person
,
so
did
he
here
reserve
to
himself
the
secret
of
his
resolutions
;
insomuch
that
though
his
Army
was
all
ready
drawn
into
the
Field
,
that
he
himself
was
immediately
to
come
up
to
them
,
and
that
in
all
probability
there
would
be
sudden
action
;
yet
durst
no
one
venture
positively
to
determine
whither
that
preparation
was
directed
,
or
who
was
to
feel
the
first
edge
of
his
Arms
:
neither
shall
I
presume
to
deliver
these
conjectures
for
truth
,
nor
suffer
my
curiosity
to
transgress
the
bounds
this
mighty
Prince
in
his
wisdom
prescrib'd
even
to
the
most
faithful
Ministers
of
his
Kingdom
.
This
brave
and
laudable
ambition
having
long
possess'd
his
generous
heart
,
he
had
from
the
first
Idea
of
his
design
wisely
laid
up
for
the
means
to
effect
it
,
that
it
might
succeed
to
his
glory
:
and
to
that
end
,
from
the
time
peace
was
first
settled
in
his
Kingdom
,
had
been
gathering
,
and
had
now
got
together
a
prodigious
Treasure
:
His
Artillery
and
Ammunitions
were
all
ready
,
and
in
equipage
fit
to
execute
his
vast
designs
.
France
was
able
to
furnish
him
with
an
infinite
number
of
old
Souldiers
;
neither
,
in
the
fair
weather
he
had
been
so
solicitous
to
maintain
at
home
,
had
he
forgot
to
take
a
particular
care
of
breeding
so
many
brave
Captains
,
and
good
Souldiers
in
the
Low-Country-Wars
,
as
were
sufficient
,
in
a
very
short
time
,
to
bring
such
raw
men
as
should
be
rais'd
,
into
very
good
discipline
.
Besides
the
Forces
of
his
own
Kingdom
,
he
had
made
a
League
with
all
the
neighbouring
Princes
:
The
Duke
of
Savoy
,
the
Republick
of
Venice
,
the
Duke
of
Florence
,
and
almost
all
the
Princes
of
Italy
,
the
Prince
of
Orange
,
and
most
of
the
Princes
of
Germany
,
with
the
Hanse-Towns
of
the
Empire
were
engag'd
to
joyn
with
him
:
And
the
King
of
England
had
made
great
preparation
in
favour
of
his
designs
;
so
that
in
all
apparence
,
what
,
and
how
great
soever
these
designs
might
be
,
they
were
very
likely
to
succeed
.
Nothing
then
being
wanting
,
but
a
pretense
to
give
colour
to
his
action
,
the
death
of
the
Dukes
of
Cléves
,
soon
supply'd
him
with
one
as
good
as
he
could
desire
;
for
after
his
death
,
the
succession
to
his
Dukedom
being
pretended
to
by
all
his
Brothers-in-law
,
who
were
five
,
the
Marquis
of
Brandebourg
,
the
Duke
of
N●whourg
,
the
Count
Palatine
,
the
Duke
of
Deux
Ponts
,
and
the
Marquis
of
Burgau
;
all
these
Princes
agreed
to
appeal
to
the
King
,
and
to
stand
to
his
Arbitration
:
but
whilst
they
were
pleading
their
titles
in
the
Court
of
France
,
the
Emperour
(
pretending
all
vacant
Jurisdictions
to
be
Fiefs
of
the
Empire
,
and
that
for
want
of
Heirs
Males
,
he
had
right
to
seize
them
in
trust
)
had
there
establish'd
the
Arch-Duke
Leopold
his
Cousin
,
as
his
Deputy
and
Governour
,
for
,
and
under
him
:
in
order
to
which
delegation
the
Arch-Duke
had
already
,
by
the
assistance
of
the
Austrian
Forces
,
possess'd
himself
of
the
best
part
of
the
Dutchy
by
the
taking
of
Iuliers
;
notwithstanding
that
the
King
had
publickly
declar'd
,
he
desir'd
things
might
remain
suspended
,
till
every
man's
Title
was
examin'd
,
and
the
true
Heir
could
be
known
.
And
this
was
in
effect
,
all
the
reason
could
be
given
for
this
mighty
preparation
,
though
an
Army
consisting
of
forty
thousand
French
Foot
,
ten
thousand
Swisse
,
ten
thousand
Horse
,
and
fifty
pieces
of
Cannon
,
with
their
Equipage
;
together
with
the
Leavies
the
confederate
Princes
were
still
,
on
all
hands
preparing
to
joyn
with
him
;
giving
all
the
world
to
understand
,
that
so
great
Forces
were
design'd
for
some
other
end
,
than
only
for
the
Accommodation
of
a
particular
Quarrel
,
all
men
were
in
suspense
,
and
in
great
expectation
of
what
the
event
would
be
.
The
Army
then
being
in
the
Field
,
and
the
King
ready
to
depart
from
Paris
,
his
Majesty
would
yet
first
take
so
good
order
to
secure
the
interior
Peace
of
his
Kingdom
,
that
he
might
not
,
when
at
a
great
distance
,
and
in
the
heat
of
his
Enterprizes
,
be
call'd
back
by
Domestick
troubles
:
A
consideration
that
made
him
determine
to
devolve
his
Royal
Power
to
the
Queen
,
and
to
cause
her
to
be
declar'd
Regent
in
his
absence
;
and
knowing
that
how
good
soever
her
intentions
were
,
and
how
sincere
soever
her
administration
might
be
;
yet
that
the
sovereign
Authority
he
left
her
invested
withal
,
would
require
the
Fidelity
,
Courage
,
and
Prudence
of
some
great
and
experienc'd
Minister
to
support
it
,
he
cast
his
eye
upon
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
to
confer
upon
him
that
great
Trust
and
Honour
.
In
this
resolution
therefore
,
having
one
day
call'd
for
the
Duke
,
and
causing
him
to
come
into
his
Closet
,
where
he
was
then
with
the
Queen
alone
;
the
Duke
was
not
a
little
surpriz'd
at
the
favourable
,
and
obliging
Character
,
his
Majesty
was
then
pleas'd
to
give
of
him
to
the
Queen
,
on
so
unexpected
an
occasion
.
He
told
her
,
That
being
upon
the
point
to
go
out
of
the
Kingdom
,
the
Government
whereof
he
had
,
during
his
absence
,
committed
to
her
care
,
he
had
consider'd
how
necessary
it
would
be
for
her
to
have
a
faithful
Servant
about
her
person
,
upon
all
occurrences
that
might
happen
,
and
,
in
occasions
where
the
modesty
of
her
Sex
would
not
permit
her
to
act
in
her
own
person
,
to
be
assisting
to
her
with
his
Wis●om
,
and
Valour
:
That
having
to
that
end
severally
weigh'd
the
abilities
of
all
the
chief
Officers
of
his
Crown
,
he
had
found
none
,
in
whom
the
qualities
necessary
for
so
great
an
employment
,
were
more
eminent
than
in
the
person
of
the
Duke
of
[
](A42794-e49240-b)*
*
De
Serres
says
the
King
intended
to
leave
the
Constable
,
and
the
Chancellor
in
tha●
trust
.
Espernon
there
present
:
That
having
had
a
long
experience
of
his
Fidelity
,
Wisdom
,
and
Valour
,
he
had
determin'd
to
deprive
himself
of
his
Service
,
though
infinitely
necessary
to
him
in
the
prosecution
of
his
designs
,
and
to
send
him
back
to
her
upon
the
first
sally
of
his
Arms.
That
she
might
repose
an
entire
and
perfect
confidence
in
him
,
as
he
himself
also
did
,
who
knew
him
to
be
a
man
of
approv'd
Fidelity
,
and
Honour
:
That
he
was
going
to
execute
designs
,
wherein
he
was
likely
to
meet
with
many
difficulties
,
and
perhaps
some
danger
;
but
that
whatever
should
happen
,
he
desir'd
her
to
rest
secure
in
the
Duke's
vigilancy
,
and
care
,
for
which
he
would
undertake
both
to
himself
and
to
her
.
After
which
,
turning
to
the
Duke
,
he
told
him
,
That
he
did
not
require
from
him
any
confirmation
by
new
promises
,
of
those
things
whereof
he
had
assur'd
the
Queen
in
his
behalf
:
That
he
had
had
so
many
proofs
of
his
Vertue
,
in
the
integrity
of
his
former
Actions
,
it
was
not
now
to
be
suspected
,
that
he
conjur'd
him
by
the
esteem
,
and
affection
he
had
for
him
,
to
justifie
his
expectation
,
to
serve
the
Queen
,
and
the
Princes
his
Children
,
with
the
same
Fidelity
he
had
serv'd
him
,
and
to
promise
to
himself
for
his
reward
,
all
the
acknowledgement
he
could
reasonably
expect
from
a
grateful
Prince
,
and
a
good
Master
.
The
Duke
a
little
out
of
countenance
at
what
the
King
had
said
in
his
favour
,
made
answer
in
few
words
,
That
he
did
humbly
acknowledge
his
obligation
to
his
Majesty
for
so
high
a
Character
,
and
for
the
unexpected
Honour
he
was
pleas'd
to
confer
upon
him
,
which
in
the
nature
of
it
was
far
above
all
others
,
he
had
till
then
receiv'd
from
his
Royal
bounty
;
and
that
if
he
had
a
thousand
lives
he
would
willingly
lay
them
all
at
his
feet
to
express
his
gratitude
for
so
signal
a
favour
:
That
he
did
humbly
beseech
their
Majesties
to
retain
that
favourable
opinion
of
him
,
and
to
conclude
him
the
most
unworthy
of
all
their
Subjects
,
and
the
worst
of
all
men
,
if
he
ever
fail'd
in
the
least
part
of
his
Duty
.
After
this
the
King
told
him
he
could
not
leave
him
at
present
with
the
Queen
,
having
occasion
for
him
to
command
the
Vant-Guard
of
his
Army
,
till
the
Prince
of
Orange
should
come
up
to
him
,
for
whom
he
had
reserv'd
that
employment
.
A
thing
the
Duke
knew
before
,
as
also
that
the
King
intended
him
the
honour
of
that
important
command
in
the
mean
time
:
But
the
election
of
his
person
in
that
great
employment
of
sitting
at
the
Helm
,
did
not
a
little
displease
,
and
increase
the
envy
of
many
of
the
greatest
men
of
the
Kingdom
,
who
had
long
look'd
a
squint
upon
the
Duke's
Prosperity
and
Favour
;
though
his
Majesty
,
having
maturely
,
and
upon
very
good
grounds
proceeded
to
that
choice
,
was
not
for
any
consideration
,
or
by
any
arguments
whatsoever
to
be
disswaded
from
that
resolution
.
I
know
not
how
some
,
who
envy
the
Duke's
name
,
and
memory
,
may
entertain
a
relation
so
much
to
his
advantage
;
though
were
I
put
to
prove
the
truth
of
what
I
report
,
I
could
bring
a
great
many
persons
of
Honour
,
and
Quality
to
attest
it
;
the
Queen
Mother
,
in
the
first
Letter
she
writ
to
the
King
after
her
escape
from
Blois
,
makes
particular
mention
of
it
;
than
whom
no
one
could
be
better
inform'd
in
this
Affair
,
and
has
also
several
times
since
declar'd
by
word
of
mouth
,
what
she
then
publish'd
in
writing
:
neither
was
it
a
secret
at
that
time
,
no
more
than
I
hope
it
will
be
suspected
in
this
,
where
so
many
persons
are
living
of
Reputation
enough
to
give
it
Authority
,
should
it
be
contradicted
by
any
,
who
perhaps
are
not
so
well
inform'd
.
The
King
having
,
as
has
been
said
,
taken
order
to
secure
all
things
that
were
likely
in
his
absence
,
to
disturb
the
peace
of
his
Kingdom
,
prepar'd
himself
to
be
gone
:
The
Queen
had
been
Crown'd
at
St.
Dennis
the
thirteenth
of
May
,
and
her
entry
into
Paris
was
design'd
to
have
been
,
on
Sunday
the
sixteenth
,
and
on
the
seventeenth
his
Majesty
intended
,
without
further
delay
,
to
set
out
towards
the
Army
.
Nothing
was
now
to
be
seen
in
Paris
,
but
great
preparations
of
joy
,
and
triumph
,
to
honour
the
remaining
Ceremony
of
the
Queens
Coronation
;
nothing
but
demonstrations
of
the
Kings
Magnificence
,
and
of
the
felicity
of
his
Reign
,
himself
being
most
diligent
in
giving
the
Orders
necessary
for
the
state
of
that
Solemnity
;
when
this
Great
and
Illustrious
Prince
,
the
terror
of
his
Enemies
,
and
the
love
and
delight
of
his
people
,
going
abroad
upon
the
fourteenth
of
the
same
month
,
to
view
the
preparation
of
those
Magnificences
,
was
in
a
stop
he
〈◊〉
upon
the
way
in
the
street
de
la
Ferronnerie
,
by
Saint
Innocents
Church
,
The
Death
of
Henry
the
IIII.
with
three
stabs
of
a
Villain
's
Knife
,
laid
dead
in
his
Coach
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon
had
the
honour
to
be
seated
by
the
King
in
the
hinder
part
of
the
Coach
,
upon
whom
his
Majesty
was
leaning
to
whisper
something
in
his
ear
;
the
Duke
of
Monbazon
,
with
the
Mareschal
de
la
Vardin
,
was
in
one
of
the
Boo●s
,
[
](A42794-e49450-b)*
*
Who
were
the
Mareschal
de
Roquelaure
,
the
M●rquis
de
la
Force
,
the
Sieur
de
Liencourt
,
and
the
Marquis
de
Mire●eau
.
and
other
persons
of
great
Quality
took
up
the
rest
:
at
the
first
stab
the
King
cried
out
,
I
am
hurt
;
at
which
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
who
saw
the
next
blow
coming
,
holding
up
his
arm
to
divert
it
,
receiv'd
part
of
it
in
the
[
](A42794-e49520-b)*
*
De
S●rres
says
by
a
mistake
the
Duke
of
Monbazon
●eceiv'd
the
●●ab
in
the
right
sleeve
of
his
Do●blet
.
sleeve
of
his
Doublet
,
that
was
strook
through
,
though
the
King's
Destiny
would
not
suffer
him
to
receive
it
all
;
nor
permit
,
that
at
the
peril
of
his
own
life
,
he
should
save
that
of
his
Master
,
as
with
all
his
soul
he
would
have
done
.
The
cursed
Parricide
proceeded
yet
to
a
third
stab
,
of
which
the
two
last
were
mortal
,
and
with
the
second
the
King
tumbled
dead
upon
the
Duke
,
who
receiv'd
him
in
his
Arms
,
his
blood
boiling
in
great
quantities
out
of
his
mouth
.
After
this
execrable
act
,
the
cursed
Assassinate
was
soon
discover'd
,
against
whom
those
who
attended
the
King
,
and
amongst
them
Saint
Michel
,
one
of
his
Gentlemen
in
ordinary
,
prompted
by
a
just
fury
,
had
already
drawn
his
Sword
to
dispatch
him
;
when
the
Duke
,
calling
to
mind
,
how
much
those
Gentlemen
had
been
condemn'd
who
kill'd
Iaques
Clement
upon
the
Murther
of
Henry
the
III.
by
whose
imprudent
zeal
,
a
further
discovery
from
the
wretches
own
mouth
of
the
Authors
of
that
abominable
Treason
,
was
prevented
,
he
cried
out
to
Saint
Michel
,
and
to
the
Footmen
,
who
had
drawn
their
Swords
to
the
same
purpose
,
to
hold
,
and
upon
pain
of
death
not
to
kill
him
,
but
only
to
seize
kis
person
,
that
he
might
be
deliver'd
into
the
hands
of
Iustice
.
A
caution
that
serv'd
not
a
little
to
the
vindication
of
an
infinite
number
of
worthy
men
;
on
whom
,
without
all
doubt
,
the
various
Factions
that
after
broke
out
in
the
Kingdom
,
would
according
to
their
several
Animosities
,
have
laid
the
blame
of
that
detested
Fact
,
to
serve
for
a
pretense
to
their
Insurrection
.
The
Duke
having
given
this
first
order
,
commanded
the
Coach
man
to
turn
back
to
the
Louvre
,
and
having
spied
in
the
King's
Train
,
the
Marquis
de
Monferrant
his
particular
Friend
and
Servant
,
he
intreated
him
to
go
before
,
and
from
him
to
command
the
Foot
Companies
that
were
upon
the
Guard
before
the
Louvre
,
to
stand
immediately
to
their
Arms
,
and
to
secure
all
the
Gates
,
to
prevent
any
disorder
in
the
King's
Houshold
:
In
the
execution
of
which
command
,
and
in
the
distraction
the
sight
of
so
horrid
,
and
so
unexpected
an
accident
might
reasonably
put
him
into
,
Monferrant
met
the
Chancellour
de
Sillery
,
then
going
to
Council
in
the
Louvre
;
who
asking
him
the
reason
of
that
hurly burly
,
and
of
the
Souldiers
running
to
their
Arms
,
Monferrant
told
him
the
King
was
dead
;
at
which
the
Chancellour
amaz'd
,
and
in
suspense
how
to
believe
it
,
grasping
him
by
the
arm
,
and
saying
how
's
that
Mounsieur
de
Monferrant
!
do
you
know
what
you
say
?
the
Coach
arriv'd
with
the
Curtains
drawn
,
out
of
which
the
King
without
any
motion
was
carried
up
in
a
Cloak
,
and
laid
upon
the
Bed
in
his
Wardrobe
.
The
Duke
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon's
signal
services
to
the
State
after
the
Death
of
the
King
.
after
he
had
paid
this
last
Office
to
his
dead
Master
,
though
surpriz'd
to
the
degree
may
be
imagin'd
at
so
tragical
an
accident
,
was
not
long
nevertheless
,
before
he
recollected
himself
;
when
considering
that
the
greatest
testimony
he
could
give
of
his
gratitude
to
his
dead
Prince
,
was
to
serve
those
he
had
left
to
succeed
him
,
he
began
to
pay
the
Queen
those
services
,
he
had
but
a
few
days
before
in
the
King's
Closet
engag'd
himself
to
perform
;
though
the
Orders
he
there
receiv'd
were
not
intended
to
have
been
executed
so
soon
,
nor
upon
so
fatal
an
occasion
.
The
rumout
of
the
King's
death
had
already
spread
it self
,
not
only
throughout
the
Louvre
,
but
also
over
all
Paris
;
at
which
the
Queen
,
being
beyond
all
imagination
afflicted
,
and
dissolving
her self
into
tears
,
without
any
other
thought
,
than
how
to
humour
,
and
satisfie
her
own
grief
;
the
Duke
of
Espernon
came
into
her
Chamber
,
and
after
some
expressions
of
sorrow
,
which
as
a
true
Frenchman
,
a
good
Subject
,
and
an
oblig'd
Servant
he
could
not
forbear
for
the
loss
of
so
good
a
Master
,
he
there
told
her
:
That
he
did
not
come
to
her
Majesty
in
hope
to
stop
the
current
of
her
tears
,
the
cause
of
her
sorrow
being
too
great
to
admit
of
any
present
consolation
;
but
that
she
would
ever
have
leisure
enough
to
weep
,
when
perhaps
she
might
not
always
have
opportunity
to
provide
for
the
Fortune
of
her
Children
,
and
the
Safety
of
the
Kingdom
,
which
in
effect
were
one
,
and
the
same
thing
:
That
her
Majesty
might
better
judge
than
any
,
what
envy
the
King's
prosperity
had
drawn
upon
him
,
from
all
the
neighbouring
Princes
;
and
how
much
it
was
to
be
fear'd
lest
his
own
Servants
,
no
longer
now
restrain'd
by
the
presence
of
this
great
Prince
,
might
in
hope
of
novelty
be
debauch'd
from
their
duty
,
if
some
good
,
and
prudent
order
,
for
the
settlement
of
Affairs
,
were
not
suddenly
taken
:
That
to
keep
things
in
the
quiet
posture
they
then
were
,
her
Majesty
must
speedily
,
and
in
the
first
place
,
secure
the
Domestick
Peace
of
the
Kingdom
,
by
continuing
Pa●is
in
the
serenity
,
and
calm
of
obedience
,
it
then
was
:
That
the
single
strength
of
the
Kingdom
,
if
united
,
and
in
good
intelligence
within
it self
,
was
of
it self
sufficient
to
frustrate
the
designs
of
any
that
should
attempt
any
thing
against
the
Crown
of
France
:
That
for
his
own
part
,
who
had
taken
upon
him
the
boldness
to
give
her
Majesty
this
first
advice
,
he
there
from
his
heart
made
her
an
humble
tender
of
his
Life
,
his
Fortune
,
and
his
Friends
to
do
her
Service
;
that
therefore
she
was
only
to
command
,
what
she
would
please
should
be
done
,
and
that
he
would
perish
,
or
cause
her
Royal
will
to
be
obey'd
.
The
Queen
awak'd
by
so
prudent
a
Counsel
,
and
fortified
by
the
resolution
of
so
generous
,
and
so
considerable
a
Subject
,
told
him
:
That
she
wholly
reserr'd
all
things
to
his
Vigilancy
,
and
Conduct
,
to
be
order'd
,
as
he
should
in
his
wisdom
think
most
fit
;
wherein
she
recommended
to
his
Fidelity
,
the
care
of
her
Children
,
much
more
than
any
concern
of
her
own
,
and
that
she
should
rest
very
well
satisfied
with
whatever
he
should
do
,
knowing
as
she
very
well
did
,
his
prudence
,
and
affection
to
be
equally
so
great
,
that
nothing
was
to
be
added
to
them
.
The
Duke
without
losing
more
time
,
went
immediately
out
of
the
Louvre
;
where
the
first
thing
he
did
in
order
to
the
Queens
commands
,
was
to
bid
the
Officers
of
the
Regiment
of
Guards
,
to
put
their
men
suddenly
into
Arms.
This
great
body
consisting
of
four
thousand
effective
men
,
and
those
of
the
best
,
and
the
best
Disciplin'd
in
Europe
,
did
not
a
little
awe
the
Parisians
,
from
leaping
over
the
bounds
of
their
Duty
:
a
strength
that
as
it
was
absolutely
at
the
Duke's
command
,
so
did
he
upon
this
occasion
know
so
well
,
how
to
dispose
it
into
the
most
convenient
Quarters
of
the
Town
,
that
without
all
doubt
,
it
was
by
vertue
of
those
Forces
,
he
secur'd
the
peace
of
that
Seditious
City
,
and
kept
the
multitude
from
tumult
and
insurrection
.
Arquien
,
whom
(
as
has
been
said
)
the
King
had
put
into
the
Cittadel
of
Metz
,
in
the
year
1604.
was
Lieutenant
Colonel
to
the
Regiment
of
Guards
,
and
consequently
in
the
absence
of
Crequy
,
who
was
Camp-Master
to
the
said
Regiment
(
and
who
was
already
gone
up
to
the
Army
,
with
the
greatest
part
of
the
Nobility
of
the
Court
)
was
under
the
Authority
of
the
Duke
to
command
it
.
Him
therefore
the
Duke
speedily
sent
for
to
have
given
him
orders
,
but
he
was
no
where
to
be
found
;
for
from
the
instant
that
the
King's
death
was
certain
,
imagining
the
Duke
would
infalliby
take
the
advantage
of
the
time
,
and
his
own
Authority
,
to
remove
him
from
Metz
,
he
had
taken
post
to
put
himself
into
the
Cittadel
,
hoping
there
he
should
be
able
to
maintain
his
ground
:
But
the
Duke
who
in
the
care
of
publick
affairs
,
did
not
altogether
neglect
his
own
,
which
his
Affection
and
Fidelity
to
the
Crown
,
rendred
one
,
and
the
same
with
the
other
,
judged
by
Arquiens
absence
what
his
design
might
be
,
dispatch'd
Mun
de
Sarlaboust
Captain
to
one
of
the
Companies
of
the
Guards
,
immediately
after
him
,
if
possible
to
prevent
him
,
or
at
least
to
follow
him
so
close
,
that
he
might
arrive
at
Metz
before
Arquien
could
have
time
to
practice
any
thing
to
his
disadvantage
.
The
Duke
had
in
Metz
,
besides
the
ordinary
Garrison
of
eight
Companies
(
of
which
he
had
compos'd
a
Regiment
,
call'd
the
Old
Garrison
)
two
Companies
of
the
Regiment
of
Guards
commanded
by
Tilladet
,
and
Fromigieres
,
since
Grand
Prior
of
Tholouze
;
all
which
were
so
absolutely
at
his
devotion
,
and
their
Captains
so
link'd
to
his
Interests
,
their
Fortunes
wholly
depending
upon
his
Favour
,
as
they
had
been
rais'd
by
his
bounty
,
that
not
a
man
of
them
but
was
ready
upon
all
occasions
to
be
absolutely
commanded
by
him
.
To
this
he
was
confident
of
the
Inhabitants
good
affection
towards
him
,
who
by
the
moderation
of
his
Government
,
and
by
the
protection
with
which
he
had
sheltred
them
from
Sobole's
Insolence
,
were
wholly
acquir'd
unto
him
:
which
interests
,
joyn'd
together
,
made
the
Duke
confident
he
should
not
want
Forces
sufficient
to
hinder
Arquien
from
being
receiv'd
into
the
Cittadel
,
if
Mun
could
get
thither
before
him
;
or
even
there
to
force
him
,
should
he
happen
to
put
himself
into
it
,
before
his
Orders
could
arrive
.
And
indeed
all
things
succeeded
to
his
desire
,
as
shall
in
its
due
place
be
declar'd
.
But
we
must
first
return
to
Paris
,
which
at
this
time
was
the
Scene
of
the
most
,
and
the
most
important
Affairs
.
The
Regiment
of
Guards
being
in
the
absence
of
Arquien
drawn
together
by
Saint
Coulombe
,
What
ways
the
Duke
proceeded
in
to
cause
the
Queen
Mother
to
be
decl●r'd
Regent
.
the
eldest
Captain
,
the
Duke
sent
them
order
to
advance
;
which
being
done
,
he
appointed
part
thereof
for
the
Guard
of
the
Louvre
,
with
the
Regiment
of
Swisse
which
he
(
extending
the
Authority
the
Queen
had
given
him
,
as
French
Guards
over
that
Nation
also
)
had
likewise
commanded
into
Arms
:
The
other
part
were
dispos'd
upon
the
Pont-Neuf
towards
la
rüe
Dauphine
,
and
upon
the
principal
avenues
that
lead
to
the
Convent
des
Augustins
.
He
further
intreated
Mounsieur
de
Liancourt
Governour
of
Paris
speedily
to
assemble
the
[
](A42794-e50130-b)*
*
O●
Lord
Mayor
of
Paris
.
Prevos●
des
Marchands
,
and
the
[
](A42794-e50160-b)*
*
Sheriffs
Eschevins
in
the
[
](A42794-e50180-b)*
*
〈…〉
Hostel
de
Ville
offering
him
withal
a
sufficient
Guard
to
secure
them
;
as
accordingly
he
he
sent
five
hundred
of
the
Regiment
of
Guards
,
under
the
command
of
Captain
Dnoüet
who
remain'd
there
two
days
together
upon
Duty
.
These
Orders
being
given
,
the
Duke
himself
mounted
on
Horseback
,
went
towards
the
Pont-Neuf
to
go
to
the
Cloistre
Nostre
dame
,
there
to
confer
with
President
Seguier
,
without
whose
advice
he
resolv'd
to
proceed
no
further
.
This
man
whose
integrity
,
judgment
,
and
affection
,
the
Duke
had
in
equal
esteem
,
had
ever
even
in
the
time
of
his
Favour
,
and
in
the
greatest
difficulties
of
his
Affairs
,
been
with
his
Counsel
assisting
to
him
;
neither
didt
he
Duke
at
this
time
,
or
since
,
resolve
almost
upon
any
thing
(
whether
of
general
,
or
particular
concern
)
without
first
communicating
the
business
to
him
,
and
consulting
his
Advice
.
There
was
at
this
time
none
of
the
Princes
of
the
Blood
at
Court
,
for
the
Prince
of
Cond●
had
some
time
before
the
King's
death
retir'd
into
Flanders
,
and
was
at
this
time
at
Milan
;
and
the
Count
de
Soissons
was
at
his
house
at
Champigny
;
so
that
no
body
being
at
Court
considerable
enough
to
make
a
party
,
the
Duke
at
his
going
out
of
the
Louvre
,
found
almost
all
the
Lords
,
and
Gentlemen
,
who
were
then
in
Paris
(
and
whom
the
suddenness
and
great
concern
of
that
bloody
Accident
had
assembled
together
)
at
the
Gate
ready
to
attend
him
.
Being
upon
the
way
with
this
great
Train
,
he
had
not
gone
far
before
he
met
with
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
whom
he
found
also
very
well
accompanied
,
though
with
a
Train
far
inferiour
to
his
own
.
These
two
Dukes
,
nor
their
Families
,
were
not
as
yet
so
well
united
(
the
paternal
hatred
having
been
rather
fomented
by
the
quarrels
the
Duke
had
lately
had
with
both
the
Sons
,
notwithstanding
his
Majesties
endeavour
to
reconcile
them
)
but
that
there
was
greater
expectation
this
meeting
should
beget
some
new
disorder
,
than
that
men
so
disunited
betwixt
themselves
should
concur
so
suddenly
,
and
happily
in
the
publick
Service
;
insomuch
that
their
followers
on
both
sides
seem'd
only
to
expect
a
signal
from
their
Leaders
to
fall
to
blows
:
when
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
having
with
great
civility
saluted
the
Duke
,
ask'd
him
how
that
sad
misfortune
had
hapned
?
to
whom
the
Duke
in
short
related
the
manner
of
the
King's
death
,
with
what
had
after
pass'd
betwixt
the
Queen
and
him
,
and
the
Order
he
was
by
her
Majesties
Command
going
to
take
to
prevent
any
tumult
in
the
City
:
Whereupon
the
Duke
of
Guise
asking
him
,
if
there
were
not
something
for
him
to
do
in
the
Queens
Service
also
?
the
Duke
reply'd
,
That
since
he
ask'd
his
advice
,
he
conceiv'd
he
might
do
both
the
Queen
and
the
Kingdom
a
signal
Service
,
by
only
shewing
himself
in
the
streets
of
Paris
:
Th●t
the
people
aw'd
within
their
duty
,
by
the
presence
of
a
man
of
his
condition
,
would
be
less
apt
to
be
seduc'd
into
commotion
;
and
that
by
the
calm
which
would
by
that
means
be
preserv'd
in
the
City
,
they
might
doubtless
more
effectually
proceed
to
the
establishment
of
such
good
orders
,
as
would
for
the
future
secure
the
peace
of
the
whole
Kingdom
.
A
counsel
the
Duke
of
Guise
as
readily
follow'd
,
and
the
good
Fortune
of
France
,
having
upon
the
instant
extiguish'd
all
particular
Animosities
,
betwixt
these
two
great
Persons
,
so
as
to
make
them
,
beyond
all
expectation
,
joyn
in
the
common
Service
of
the
State
.
This
happy
union
,
and
concurrence
was
of
no
little
importance
to
the
conservation
of
the
Peace
in
that
mutinous
City
.
The
Duke
after
continued
his
way
to
the
President
's
House
,
to
whom
having
communicated
his
designs
,
he
found
them
to
be
generally
approv'd
by
him
;
insomuch
that
before
they
parted
it
was
concluded
betwixt
them
,
that
that
very
day
,
and
as
soon
as
it
was
possible
,
the
Parliament
should
be
intreated
to
Assemble
:
the
management
of
which
being
undertaken
by
the
President
,
the
Duke
went
in
the
mean
time
to
provide
for
the
rest
.
He
began
with
the
Hostel
de
Ville
,
The
Duke
goes
to
the
Hostel
de
Ville
:
where
having
found
the
Prevost
des
Marchands
,
the
Eschevins
,
and
Burgesses
met
together
,
after
he
had
first
given
them
an
accompt
in
brief
of
the
sad
Accident
had
hapned
,
he
proceeded
to
exhort
them
,
To
confirm
to
his
Majesties
Successors
the
Love
and
Obedience
they
had
paid
to
him
during
his
happy
Reign
.
He
told
them
that
by
persevering
in
their
Duty
,
they
might
secure
their
own
Lives
,
and
Estates
,
which
would
otherwise
be
certainly
expos'd
to
the
violence
and
licence
of
Seditious
men
:
That
the
least
disorder
of
this
nature
,
that
should
happen
in
the
City
,
would
put
the
whole
Kingdom
into
Confusion
:
That
he
therefore
intreated
them
to
cause
all
their
Gates
to
be
shut
,
to
the
end
that
no
one
might
be
permitted
,
either
to
go
out
,
or
to
come
in
,
who
were
either
thought
able
,
or
likely
,
to
breed
any
disturbance
in
the
publick
peace
,
to
give
order
to
the
Capains
of
the
Train'd-Bands
to
have
their
Companies
in
readiness
upon
any
occasion
might
happen
,
and
to
walk
themselves
the
round
of
the
City
,
the
better
by
their
Presence
and
Authority
to
keep
every
one
in
his
Duty
.
He
further
gave
them
notice
,
that
he
had
already
caus'd
the
Regiment
of
Guards
both
French
,
and
Swisse
,
to
stand
to
their
Arms
,
on
purpose
to
suppress
those
who
should
first
make
the
least
shew
of
Insurrection
;
but
that
he
hop'd
their
wisdoms
would
prevent
a
confusion
,
which
would
not
so
easily
be
compos'd
,
if
once
grown
to
a
head
,
as
it
might
be
suppress'd
in
the
beginning
.
A
Remonstrance
,
that
,
being
deliver'd
with
great
plainness
,
and
vigour
,
wrought
so
good
an
effect
,
that
all
the
Magistrates
unanimously
engag'd
to
do
their
utmost
endeavours
for
the
conservation
of
the
publick
Peace
;
as
they
accordingly
did
:
which
was
none
of
the
weakest
links
that
curb'd
the
head-strong
multitude
of
that
unruly
City
.
From
the
Hostel
de
Ville
,
The
Duke
goes
to
the
Augustins
,
where
he
advises
the
Parliament
to
declare
the
Q●een
Regent
.
the
Duke
went
to
the
Augustins
,
where
that
Session
of
Parliament
had
by
the
King
been
appointed
to
be
kept
;
the
Palace
having
been
before
furnish'd
,
for
the
Ceremony
of
the
Queens
Coronation
,
and
where
by
the
diligence
of
President
Segnier
,
he
found
them
already
Assembled
.
The
Regiment
of
Guards
had
already
possess'd
themselves
of
the
Pont-Neuf
,
and
stood
in
order
all
along
the
Rüe
Dauphine
,
to
guard
,
according
to
the
Duke's
command
,
all
the
passes
round
about
the
Convent
des
Augustins
;
a
precaution
,
which
though
by
the
Duke
meerly
intended
for
the
Parliaments
security
,
was
nevertheless
misinterpreted
by
some
to
be
rather
design'd
to
compel
them
to
execute
his
own
particular
Counsels
,
than
that
every
man
at
greater
liberty
might
have
freedom
to
deliver
his
own
Opinion
;
neither
were
the
most
prudent
,
and
best
dispos'd
sorry
(
as
has
been
said
)
that
the
world
should
conceive
there
was
some
necessity
upon
them
of
a
speedy
resolution
in
the
present
juncture
of
Affairs
,
forasmuch
also
as
some
,
who
were
prepossess'd
in
their
judgments
,
would
be
oblig'd
to
concur
with
them
,
and
disappointed
,
either
from
opposing
,
or
deferring
to
declare
the
Queen
Mother
Regent
during
the
King's
Minority
,
which
was
the
only
thing
then
to
be
debated
.
The
Duke
being
come
into
the
Hall
where
the
Parliament
was
set
with
his
Sword
in
his
hand
,
though
not
drawn
,
and
in
some
disorder
both
in
his
Cloaths
,
and
Countenance
,
began
his
Speech
with
some
excuses
;
For
appearing
in
that
honourable
Assembly
in
so
undecent
a
posture
;
after
which
he
told
them
that
his
Sword
was
yet
in
the
Scabbard
(
his
own
words
)
but
that
if
before
he
went
thence
there
was
not
order
taken
,
for
the
security
of
the
City
,
and
Kingdom
,
by
declaring
the
Queen
Regent
,
he
foresaw
(
to
his
great
grief
)
he
must
be
compell'd
to
draw
it
against
the
Enemies
of
the
Crown
,
and
to
fill
the
City
with
Bl●od
,
and
Confusion
:
That
he
knew
there
were
some
amongst
them
who
would
ask
respite
to
deliberate
upon
the
things
propos'd
;
but
that
he
must
tell
them
beforehand
,
nothing
was
so
dangerous
as
delay
:
That
in
many
great
occurrences
it
was
wisdom
,
not
to
be
too
precipitous
,
and
to
proceed
slowly
,
and
by
degrees
to
a
final
determination
;
but
that
here
it
was
quite
otherwise
,
it
being
necessary
in
this
Crisis
of
Affairs
to
cut
off
all
difficulties
,
and
immediately
to
resolve
upon
the
thing
propounded
:
That
what
might
to
day
be
concluded
without
danger
,
could
not
be
done
to
morrow
without
Blood
and
Slaughter
;
and
indeed
what
pretense
could
any
man
have
to
ask
respi●e
in
this
case
?
what
was
requir'd
of
them
out
of
the
rule
of
Equity
,
and
nature
?
To
whom
was
the
King's
Fortune
more
properly
to
be
intrusted
,
than
to
her
who
brought
him
into
the
world
,
or
to
whose
care
the
safety
of
the
Kingdom
,
than
to
her
,
who
for
the
space
of
ten
years
,
had
with
the
late
King
been
a
Coadjutrix
in
raising
it
to
that
degree
of
height
,
and
reputation
,
wherein
it
now
stood
.
He
told
them
that
the
Queen
was
a
Princess
for
whom
his
Majesty
from
the
hour
of
his
Marriage
had
never
had
any
reservation
in
his
most
weighty
and
most
●ecret
Affairs
:
That
he
had
made
her
his
Companion
in
all
his
Expeditions
:
That
he
had
already
deputed
the
Regency
of
the
Kingdom
during
his
absence
into
her
hands
;
a
preordination
after
which
he
could
not
believe
any
one
would
dare
to
contradict
the
Judgment
of
a
Prince
so
great
in
himself
,
and
so
solicitous
of
the
good
and
welfare
of
his
Kingdom
:
That
therefore
the
most
effectual
means
to
preserve
the
Peace
and
Tranquillity
wherein
France
had
been
happy
many
years
,
was
to
concur
in
the
King's
Judgment
,
and
to
justifie
his
Election
:
That
the
discontents
,
which
govern'd
in
the
minds
of
many
men
of
very
eminent
condition
,
were
very
well
known
to
all
:
That
those
persons
(
it
might
easily
be
believ'd
)
wanted
no
adherents
:
That
the
impatient
humour
of
the
French
,
in
hopes
to
make
their
advantage
of
any
disorder
in
the
State
,
would
be
apt
to
create
more
Mutineers
,
if
things
were
not
settled
in
due
season
:
That
there
was
no
time
so
fruitful
in
Sedition
,
nor
so
proper
for
mischief
,
as
when
mutinous
spirits
were
in
suspense
whom
to
obey
:
That
if
ever
this
evil
disposition
was
to
be
fear'd
it
was
chiefly
now
,
when
all
the
Forces
of
the
Kingdom
were
on
foot
:
That
they
would
doubtless
soon
be
practis'd
on
all
hands
;
so
that
if
by
the
prudence
of
that
Assembly
such
temptations
were
not
prevented
,
those
noble
Troops
design'd
for
the
enlargement
of
the
Borders
of
France
,
and
for
the
glory
of
the
French
name
,
would
by
an
unhappy
,
and
a
sad
revolution
be
seen
to
employ
their
Arms
to
the
ruine
of
their
own
Country
:
That
they
were
therefore
to
take
time
whilst
things
remain'd
yet
inviolate
,
and
capable
of
the
best
impressions
,
to
mould
them
into
the
best
form
,
which
depended
upon
their
immediate
Election
:
That
he
had
put
the
Regiment
of
Guards
,
all
the
King's
Servants
,
and
his
own
particular
Friends
into
Arms
,
that
they
might
at
convenient
liberty
,
and
security
deliberate
of
what
he
then
propos'd
that
he
knew
very
well
what
he
now
advis'd
them
to
,
was
without
President
;
but
that
he
hop'd
an
Act
of
so
great
utility
and
importance
to
the
publick
good
,
would
one
day
obtain
the
Authority
of
Example
,
and
add
to
the
Dignity
and
Reputation
of
that
Honourable
Body
;
a
priviledge
,
by
so
much
the
more
their
due
,
by
how
much
they
had
never
till
then
possess'd
it
:
That
they
did
not
need
to
apprehend
herein
their
Authority
should
be
prostituted
to
Arbitration
,
or
be
disputed
by
any
;
but
that
,
how
high
and
generous
soever
their
results
might
be
,
they
should
infallibly
be
executed
,
and
that
he
,
and
all
his
Friends
were
ready
to
lose
their
lives
,
or
to
cause
them
to
be
inviolably
obey'd
.
The
Duke's
Oration
being
ended
,
the
whole
Assembly
remain'd
in
a
profound
silence
,
and
being
equally
astonish'd
at
the
Accident
had
hapned
,
and
surpriz'd
at
the
Proposition
was
made
,
not
a
man
on
the
sudden
,
durst
either
by
word
,
or
action
express
his
thoughts
:
only
President
Harlay
in
few
words
Gave
the
Duke
thanks
for
the
affection
he
had
manifested
to
the
Service
of
the
Kingdom
,
and
to
the
Honour
of
that
Assembly
;
exhorting
him
to
persevere
in
a
passion
so
worthy
of
his
Vertue
,
and
so
becoming
the
place
and
honour
he
possess'd
amongst
them
.
Whereupon
the
Duke
perceiving
their
silence
still
to
continue
,
and
unwilling
to
give
them
occasion
to
complain
that
by
his
presence
he
had
extorted
from
them
a
resolution
contrary
to
their
sense
and
opinion
,
he
retir'd
himself
:
But
at
his
departure
,
that
they
might
understand
there
was
something
of
necessity
in
the
case
,
he
told
them
aloud
,
That
what
he
had
propounded
was
the
best
course
they
could
take
,
and
that
they
were
therefore
absolutely
,
and
suddenly
to
resolve
upon
it
.
Upon
which
last
words
the
Sieur
de
la
Guesle
the
Attorny
General
taking
hold
,
began
in
a
short
Speech
to
break
the
Ice
,
by
representing
to
the
Assembly
,
That
though
what
had
been
propounded
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
seem'd
by
the
respect
wherewith
it
had
been
deliver'd
to
be
a
thing
wherein
they
were
free
to
determine
;
yet
that
what
he
had
last
said
imply'd
a
kind
of
necessity
:
but
a
necessity
by
so
much
the
more
,
just
,
and
honourable
,
by
how
much
the
Peace
of
the
Kingdom
would
not
only
be
secur'd
thereby
;
but
also
a
great
advantage
to
their
Body
would
certainly
accrue
:
That
it
was
therefore
in
his
opinion
better
immediately
,
and
voluntarily
to
declare
the
Regency
to
be
in
the
Queen
,
than
to
stay
till
their
consent
should
be
wrested
from
them
upon
compulsion
,
and
perhaps
in
a
season
,
when
they
should
have
no
thanks
for
their
labour
.
Which
being
said
,
the
whole
Assembly
forthwith
concluded
upon
the
business
,
by
that
Act
not
only
securing
the
Peace
of
the
Kingdom
,
but
also
introducing
a
great
example
to
pitch
upon
the
same
,
and
an
equally
salutiferous
resolution
in
our
days
,
when
out
great
Queen
Anne
of
Austria
was
settled
in
the
Regency
,
by
virtue
of
the
same
Election
.
I
have
often
heard
the
Duke
discourse
of
this
Transaction
,
The
reasons
that
mov'd
the
Duke
to
press
the
Queen
Mother
should
be
declared
Regent
.
wherein
though
he
acknowledg'd
his
proceeding
to
be
by
an
unusual
,
and
something
an
irregular
way
;
Yet
that
the
Queens
Regency
being
as
yet
not
authorized
by
the
Suffrages
of
any
of
the
Princes
of
the
Blood
(
whose
arrival
also
should
it
have
been
expected
,
would
probably
have
put
all
things
into
Confusion
)
he
thought
it
necessary
to
have
it
ratified
by
the
consent
of
the
people
:
That
to
procure
their
consents
,
there
was
no
way
so
plausible
and
consonant
to
Law
,
as
therein
to
interest
all
the
Parliaments
of
France
,
by
prevailing
with
that
of
Paris
,
whose
whose
Act
would
be
a
kind
of
Warranty
to
the
rest
:
That
should
they
have
staid
the
coming
of
the
Count
de
Soissons
,
he
would
by
his
presence
infallibly
have
sway'd
all
things
,
according
to
his
inclination
:
That
the
Prince
of
Condé
coming
after
would
have
been
impatient
at
his
younger
Brother's
getting
the
start
of
him
in
an
Affair
where
the
priority
of
Vote
in
the
Election
was
in
him
:
by
which
means
the
variety
of
their
interests
not
permitting
them
to
concur
in
an
Act
,
wherein
each
of
them
would
be
ambitious
to
precede
,
a
fraction
betwixt
them
must
of
necessity
ensue
:
That
for
that
reason
he
had
us'd
all
diligence
in
pressing
the
Parliament
to
a
speedy
resolution
in
favour
of
the
Queen
.
In
the
carrying
on
of
which
Affair
,
it
is
in
my
opinion
something
hard
to
determine
,
whether
the
Stars
of
France
,
or
the
Duke's
Prudence
did
most
prevail
:
It
is
not
to
be
denied
but
that
both
the
one
and
the
other
contributed
very
much
to
the
happy
performance
of
this
great
work
:
But
it
is
likewise
most
certain
that
the
business
had
never
been
so
fortunately
effected
,
if
the
Duke
had
less
prudently
foreseen
what
was
likely
to
ensue
,
or
had
proceeded
with
less
diligence
and
vigour
to
the
establishment
of
this
Election
,
to
the
general
benefit
of
the
Kingdom
:
wherein
if
he
perform'd
a
signal
Service
to
the
State
,
he
did
no
less
for
the
Prince
,
who
would
have
met
with
no
little
impediments
to
his
rising
greatness
,
had
he
at
his
return
,
found
the
Count
de
Soissons
settled
,
as
it
were
a
Co-partner
in
the
Government
,
by
being
possess'd
of
some
of
the
most
important
Employments
of
the
Kingdom
.
Thus
was
this
business
carried
on
,
France
being
,
from
the
highest
step
of
her
Glory
,
precipitated
into
the
greatest
extream
of
her
Misfortune
;
and
the
King's
Triumphs
being
in
a
moment
overcast
with
the
Funeral
Black
of
his
Obsequies
:
but
the
re-establishment
of
the
State
,
overthrown
by
so
great
,
and
so
tragick
a
Revolution
,
and
the
publick
happiness
in
an
instant
secur'd
without
one
drop
of
Blood
;
was
it
not
an
afternoons
work
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
?
and
can
so
great
a
success
without
injustice
,
be
attributed
to
any
thing
but
to
his
prudent
Conduct
?
In
the
Narrative
whereof
I
have
not
added
one
syllable
more
than
the
truth
:
and
doubtless
there
are
many
yet
alive
that
can
justifie
all
I
have
said
.
I
know
very
well
that
the
Historians
of
that
time
have
not
mention'd
all
the
particularities
I
have
,
as
material
to
my
purpose
,
insisted
upon
,
and
that
those
who
have
been
most
exact
have
recorded
but
very
few
in
their
Relations
;
which
is
in
part
the
reason
why
I
have
more
willingly
enlarg'd
my self
in
this
discourse
,
that
I
might
impartially
render
,
what
is
so
justly
due
to
Truth
,
and
Virtue
.
The
sad
accident
of
the
King's
Death
was
so
suddenly
spread
all
over
Europe
,
The
return
of
the
Count
de
Soissons
to
Court
.
that
it
seem'd
,
as
if
his
person
,
rais'd
to
the
highest
pitch
of
Honour
to
which
man
can
arrive
,
had
fall'n
in
the
sight
of
all
the
world
.
The
Prince
of
Condé
,
who
(
as
has
been
said
)
resided
then
at
Milan
,
receiv'd
the
first
news
of
it
from
the
Condé
de
Fuentes
,
which
was
immediately
after
confirm'd
by
a
Courrier
dispatch'd
purposely
to
him
from
the
Queen
Regent
,
to
invite
him
back
into
France
.
The
Count
de
Soissons
,
who
was
but
two
little
days
journey
from
Paris
,
was
much
sooner
inform'd
,
and
at
the
same
instant
in
all
diligence
repair'd
thither
,
to
see
what
this
accident
might
produce
;
where
he
arriv'd
the
sixteenth
of
May
,
two
days
only
after
the
King's
Death
;
but
late
enough
notwithstanding
to
find
all
things
dispatch'd
to
his
hand
.
So
that
matters
being
already
concluded
,
the
Queens
Authority
establish'd
,
the
Parliament
,
People
,
Souldiery
,
and
whole
City
settled
in
their
Duty
,
and
nothing
lest
for
him
to
do
,
but
to
approve
what
was
already
done
(
and
which
he
could
no
ways
hope
to
overthrow
,
had
he
dislik'd
it
)
he
was
fain
whether
sincerely
,
or
otherwise
to
concur
in
the
Election
,
and
thereupon
went
to
present
himself
to
the
Queen
,
where
he
assur'd
her
Majesty
of
his
Faith
and
absolute
Obedience
.
The
Count
at
his
arrival
at
Court
,
observing
the
Duke
of
Espernon
to
be
seated
in
that
degree
of
Favour
and
Reputation
,
to
which
by
his
signal
,
and
recent
Services
to
the
Queen
,
he
might
justly
pretend
,
he
forthwith
resolv'd
to
contract
a
strict
connexion
with
him
,
as
accordingly
by
making
him
a
tender
of
his
Friendship
and
assistance
against
all
whomsoever
,
he
endeavour'd
to
do
:
neither
did
he
do
it
but
upon
very
good
consideration
;
for
foreseeing
that
the
Prince
of
Condé
returning
to
Court
(
as
he
soon
after
did
)
would
infallibly
take
upon
him
the
preeminence
,
and
degree
due
to
his
Quality
,
and
Birth
,
he
would
by
that
means
labour
so
to
establish
himself
before
his
arrival
,
that
it
should
not
be
in
the
Princes
Power
to
shake
him
.
To
which
end
he
could
pitch
upon
none
so
proper
to
support
his
Interest
,
as
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
who
was
,
at
that
time
,
the
most
considerable
person
in
the
Kingdom
.
The
Queen
had
appointed
him
Lodgings
in
the
Louvre
,
not
conceiving
her self
secure
(
as
she
was
pleas'd
to
say
)
but
under
his
Vigilancy
and
Valour
;
all
dispatches
were
communicated
to
him
;
his
Orders
and
Advice
were
in
all
things
follow'd
and
observ'd
,
so
that
would
he
have
stretch'd
his
Authority
to
the
utmost
,
or
had
he
been
ambitious
of
favour
,
he
might
doubtless
with
great
facility
have
made
himself
sole
Master
of
Affairs
:
but
so
far
was
he
from
desiring
to
appear
necessary
(
though
effectually
so
)
to
the
excluding
those
who
had
right
to
the
Council
,
that
on
the
contrary
he
entreated
the
Queen
to
call
,
and
admit
into
it
,
all
such
as
either
by
the
priviledge
of
their
Birth
,
or
by
the
repute
of
their
capacities
,
might
reasonably
pretend
to
that
Honour
;
coveting
no
greater
advantage
,
than
to
have
a
concurrence
with
worthy
men
for
the
publick
Safety
;
and
seeing
he
could
not
,
without
drawing
great
envy
upon
himself
,
possess
alone
that
preeminence
in
the
Administration
,
to
which
the
King
had
design'd
him
,
he
was
content
with
the
rest
to
share
that
part
,
which
could
not
equitably
be
denied
to
his
approv'd
Fidelity
and
Wisdom
.
Though
the
Count
de
Soissons
had
the
foremention'd
reasons
to
seek
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
friendship
,
he
had
yet
therein
a
further
and
a
more
important
design
,
and
that
was
by
the
Duke's
assistance
to
procure
a
Match
betwixt
Madamoiselle
●de
Montpen●ier
the
Duke's
Niece
,
and
his
own
Son
Lewis
of
Bourbon
,
since
Count
de
Soissons
:
neither
was
the
Duke
so
ill
read
in
this
Princes
intention
,
that
he
did
not
very
well
perceive
at
what
part
he
took
his
aim
,
which
made
him
,
though
he
receiv'd
the
offer
of
his
friendship
with
the
respect
due
to
a
Prince
of
the
Blood
,
nevertheless
accept
it
with
such
a
gravity
,
and
reservation
as
should
no
ways
engage
him
to
any
partiality
in
his
favour
,
nor
in
the
least
restrain
the
liberty
of
his
proceeding
in
that
concern
.
A
coldness
that
so
much
disgusted
the
Count
de
Soissens
,
who
expected
a
greater
complacency
and
freedom
from
him
,
that
his
affection
so
violently
begun
,
was
not
likely
long
to
last
.
The
first
opposition
he
met
with
in
the
Duke
to
his
desires
,
was
in
the
proposal
he
made
him
to
give
way
that
he
might
cause
the
Duke
of
Sully
to
be
stab'd
in
the
Louvre
.
He
was
their
common
Enemy
,
and
the
sole
cause
of
all
the
trouble
had
befall'n
this
Prince
,
and
of
his
retirement
from
Court
,
wherein
the
inury
he
had
receiv'd
was
such
,
that
although
the
King
had
laid
upon
him
his
positive
command
to
be
reconcil'd
,
he
had
notwithstanding
rather
chosen
to
abandon
the
Court
,
than
to
do
it
.
The
Duke
had
also
receiv'd
from
the
Duke
of
Sully
(
a
great
Creature
of
the
late
King
's
)
all
the
ill
Offices
could
possibly
have
been
done
by
the
most
implacable
Enemy
;
which
being
not
unknown
to
the
Count
de
Soissons
,
he
doubted
not
to
have
met
an
Animosity
in
the
Duke
against
him
as
great
as
his
own
,
and
to
have
found
him
as
prompt
to
his
revenge
:
but
he
was
deceiv'd
,
the
Duke
excusing
himself
by
telling
the
Count
he
could
by
no
means
permit
so
great
a
violence
to
be
offer'd
in
the
King's
Palace
;
beseeching
him
to
consider
,
that
the
Guards
which
he
had
the
honour
to
command
,
being
principally
design'd
to
preserve
the
respect
due
to
his
Majesties
Person
,
and
Presence
inviolate
;
and
such
as
it
ought
to
be
,
he
should
commit
an
irreparable
offense
to
his
Duty
,
should
he
consent
to
favour
an
act
of
so
dangerous
Example
.
An
answer
at
which
the
Count
,
a
man
of
a
furious
,
and
cholerick
temper
,
was
infinitely
mov'd
;
yet
his
interest
not
permitting
him
to
break
with
the
Duke
,
he
for
that
time
with
an
extraordinary
patience
made
the
best
shift
he
could
to
dissemble
his
discontent
.
During
these
transactions
at
Court
,
there
was
something
pass'd
also
at
Metz
,
wherein
the
Duke
was
no
little
concern'd
:
you
have
already
heard
how
Arquien
,
Lieutenant
Colonel
to
the
Regiment
of
Guards
,
had
immediately
upon
the
King's
Death
taken
post
to
retire
himself
into
the
Cittadel
,
of
which
he
was
Governour
,
af●●●
whom
the
Duke
had
sent
Mun
,
to
spoil
his
Design
;
so
that
Mun
,
who
was
much
the
younger
man
,
having
posted
in
great
diligence
,
overtook
him
some
six
Stages
short
of
Metz
;
where
he
found
him
so
bruis'd
with
riding
,
that
he
was
scarce
in
a
condition
to
perform
the
rest
of
his
Journey
:
When
Arquien
who
saw
himself
likely
to
be
prevented
,
and
in
danger
to
be
deny'd
admittance
into
Metz
,
by
the
Duke's
Servants
,
plainly
told
Mun
,
That
he
made
no
doubt
,
but
that
his
Journey
was
occasion'd
by
a
just
suspicion
the
Duke
had
conceiv'd
of
his
sudden
departure
without
his
Order
,
and
Command
;
that
therein
he
must
needs
confess
he
had
been
to
blame
;
but
that
he
had
been
prompted
to
that
diligence
by
a
jealousie
the
Duke
might
perhaps
have
detain'd
him
by
force
in
Paris
,
with
an
intent
to
deprive
him
of
his
command
in
the
Cittadel
:
That
he
therefore
had
undertaken
that
journey
simply
,
and
for
no
other
end
,
than
to
keep
his
possession
of
that
place
,
which
was
the
most
considerable
member
of
his
Fortune
,
and
the
only
reward
of
his
Service
,
but
with
no
design
to
disserve
the
Duke
:
That
he
was
his
Servant
;
neither
did
he
desire
to
govern
so
much
as
in
the
Cittadel
,
but
under
his
Authority
,
and
Command
:
That
for
a
testimony
of
his
Candour
,
and
good
intention
herein
,
he
promis'd
Mun
,
if
he
would
slack
his
diligence
,
and
let
them
go
together
,
not
to
enter
the
Cittadel
,
till
first
he
should
by
the
consent
of
the
Duke
's
own
Creatures
be
permitted
so
to
do
,
submitting
moreover
,
till
it
should
be
by
them
determin'd
,
that
the
Garrison
there
should
be
divided
betwixt
them
.
A
proposition
that
Mun
conceiving
to
be
as
fair
as
the
Duke
could
himself
desire
,
he
condescended
to
the
condition
,
and
accordingly
in
his
company
perform'd
the
rest
of
the
Journey
,
arriving
both
together
at
the
City
.
Where
being
come
,
they
immediately
assembled
the
Duke's
Friends
and
Servants
,
which
were
Tilladet
,
and
Fromigieres
Captains
of
the
two
Companies
of
the
Guards
,
who
were
in
Garrison
at
Metz
,
and
Momas
Camp-Master
to
the
old
Garrison
;
amongst
whom
it
was
concluded
,
that
Tilladet
the
elder
Captain
should
with
an
hundred
men
only
of
his
Company
enter
the
Cittadel
,
till
the
Duke's
further
pleasure
could
be
known
:
a
number
that
to
the
Duke's
Friends
seem'd
sufficient
to
make
good
their
Quarter
,
should
Arquien
intend
any
thing
but
fair
;
as
Arquien
thought
his
would
be
able
to
maintain
his
Authority
,
and
to
over-power
the
other
,
should
the
Duke
be
obstinately
bent
to
exclude
him
absolutely
from
his
Command
.
Things
then
being
thus
concluded
,
Arquien
,
whilst
yet
in
the
City
,
sent
order
to
his
Lieutenant
to
receive
Tilladet
into
the
Cittadel
,
with
such
Souldiers
as
he
should
bring
alon●
with
him
,
not
naming
any
number
,
as
not
suspecting
any
foul
play
;
a
negligence
which
the
Duke's
Servants
making
use
of
to
his
advantage
,
they
caus'd
above
fifty
more
,
and
those
the
best
men
they
could
chuse
out
of
all
the
Companies
,
to
be
added
to
the
hundred
,
that
by
Article
were
to
be
admitted
;
who
being
all
without
any
difficulty
receiv'd
into
the
Cittadel
it
soon
appear'd
Arquien's
was
not
the
strongest
Party
,
and
that
the
advantage
he
had
in
number
(
his
Garrison
consisting
of
two
hundred
men
)
being
balanc'd
by
the
quality
of
the
Souldiers
,
Tilladet
was
rather
in
a
condition
to
give
,
than
to
receive
the
Law
from
him
.
Arquien
having
thus
,
by
an
excess
of
faithful
dealing
,
perform'd
his
promise
,
went
himself
last
of
all
into
the
Cittadel
,
where
he
was
no
sooner
come
,
but
that
his
Lieutenant
at
the
first
word
told
him
he
was
no
longer
Master
of
the
place
;
to
whom
Arquien
having
reply'd
,
that
an
hundred
men
could
not
dispute
his
Authority
there
,
the
Lieutenant
gave
him
to
understand
,
that
almost
twice
so
many
were
already
got
in
,
which
he
had
not
dar'd
but
to
receive
,
not
knowing
the
precise
number
of
those
he
was
to
admit
;
at
which
Arquien
,
now
sensible
of
the
oversight
he
had
committed
,
was
so
enrag'd
that
he
would
presently
revenge
himself
upon
Tilladet
,
and
was
ready
to
fall
on
,
Tilladet
also
on
his
part
preparing
for
the
Encounter
;
when
the
Friends
of
both
parties
,
who
were
in
the
City
,
came
in
at
the
first
noise
of
the
disorder
.
At
their
first
coming
they
found
the
Gates
of
the
Cittadel
shut
;
but
being
opened
in
the
end
to
such
as
pretended
to
endeavour
an
Accommodation
,
it
was
with
much
ado
concluded
,
that
for
Arquiens
satisfaction
,
Tilladet
,
to
whom
he
chiefly
laid
the
blame
,
as
contriver
of
the
Treachery
,
and
Surprize
,
should
depart
the
place
;
but
that
those
Souldiers
,
already
enter'd
,
should
continue
there
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon's
Authority
re-establish'd
in
Metz.
and
that
Fromigieres
should
come
in
to
command
them
.
Thus
ended
this
dispute
,
and
thus
was
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
absolute
Authority
,
though
with
some
trouble
,
re-establish'd
in
Metz
,
which
from
the
time
of
Sobole's
dereliction
,
until
now
,
he
had
altogether
lost
.
Fromigieres
being
receiv'd
into
the
Cittadel
was
still
more
and
more
fortified
by
new
Souldiers
,
which
the
Duke's
friends
continually
slipt
in
from
the
City
;
so
that
Arquien
seeing
himself
in
a
lost
condition
,
and
also
stung
with
the
conscience
of
his
own
fault
,
he
return'd
in
all
haste
back
to
Paris
,
at
once
to
beg
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
pardon
,
and
to
implore
the
Queen
Regents
Justice
.
Where
being
come
,
and
finding
the
Duke
inflexible
to
his
submissions
,
and
positively
resolute
to
hold
what
he
had
,
seeing
he
was
to
expect
no
good
accompt
from
him
,
he
thought
fit
,
as
his
last
refuge
to
appeal
to
the
Queen
.
Neither
did
he
want
interest
at
Court
to
support
,
and
countenance
his
cause
,
where
besides
de
Montigny
his
Brother
(
a
man
of
great
merit
and
esteem
,
and
afterwards
Mareschal
of
France
)
he
had
many
Relations
,
and
Friends
,
together
with
the
Duke's
Enemies
,
who
could
not
,
without
great
heart-burning
,
see
him
re-settled
in
so
considerable
a
command
.
Of
this
number
were
the
Lords
of
the
House
of
Guise
,
and
their
Family
,
who
made
up
a
great
part
of
the
Court
,
and
who
being
all
averse
to
the
Duke's
greatness
,
endeavour'd
by
possessing
the
Queen
,
that
the
action
of
Metz
was
an
intolerable
affront
to
her
Authority
,
to
make
her
restore
Arquien
to
his
Command
.
They
represented
to
her
that
this
was
an
Affair
by
the
late
King
conceiv'd
to
be
of
such
importance
to
the
State
,
that
his
Majesty
had
made
no
difficulty
to
make
a
Journey
thither
in
person
,
and
on
purpose
to
retrive
this
place
out
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
hands
:
That
his
Fidelity
ought
at
this
time
to
be
much
the
rather
suspected
,
by
how
much
his
Ambition
was
more
inordinate
,
and
less
easie
to
be
cur'd
:
That
having
,
under
pretense
of
some
trivial
Services
to
her
Majesty
in
the
beginning
of
her
Administration
,
committed
a
violence
of
this
high
nature
,
he
made
it
plain
that
his
sole
aim
was
in
this
new
face
of
Affairs
to
establish
his
own
particular
greatness
:
and
that
,
instead
of
endeavouring
to
continue
Subjects
in
their
Duty
,
by
the
example
of
a
Subjects
Obedience
,
he
had
himself
committed
the
greatest
insolence
imaginable
against
the
Sovereign
Power
,
by
dispossessing
one
of
the
most
ancient
and
faithful
Servants
of
the
Crown
,
from
a
place
wherein
he
had
serv'd
,
without
the
least
blemish
,
or
reproach
.
It
is
certain
that
the
Queen
,
how
well
satisfied
soever
with
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
was
notwithstanding
something
stagger'd
in
her
resolution
at
this
Remonstrance
:
but
the
Duke
having
also
given
his
reasons
,
and
represented
to
her
of
what
importance
it
was
to
have
his
Majesties
Authority
in
the
City
and
Cittadel
of
Metz
,
conjoyn'd
in
one
man
,
that
the
emulation
of
two
Governours
might
not
produce
mutiny
,
such
as
would
endanger
the
introducing
of
Forein
Power
into
the
place
;
with
how
long
,
and
with
what
Fidelity
he
had
serv'd
his
Kings
in
that
Government
,
the
Authority
being
united
in
his
Person
;
he
found
the
Queen
so
well
dispos'd
to
accept
of
his
justification
,
that
she
was
absolutely
satisfied
:
so
that
from
that
time
forward
,
nothing
was
more
thought
of
in
that
business
,
save
only
how
to
content
Arquien
,
in
finding
out
for
him
some
other
command
,
that
might
hold
proportion
with
that
Employment
.
In
the
transaction
of
this
Affair
,
Fortune
,
as
upon
other
occasions
,
would
needs
interest
her self
to
appear
in
the
Duke's
Favour
.
De
Vic
Governour
of
Calice
was
one
of
the
principal
Mediators
in
this
difference
,
who
on
the
one
side
making
profession
of
great
respect
to
the
Duke's
Service
,
and
on
the
other
of
a
strict
friendship
with
Arquien
,
labour'd
with
extraordinary
passion
,
and
diligence
to
satisfie
both
parties
in
their
pretense
,
and
had
brought
matters
to
so
good
an
issue
,
that
nothing
remain'd
to
their
mutual
satisfaction
,
save
only
to
find
out
a
Government
for
Arquien
,
equal
to
that
whereof
he
was
now
divested
:
but
there
was
none
at
this
time
vacant
of
equal
value
,
which
was
the
only
knot
in
the
Affair
.
At
last
this
poor
Gentleman
prov'd
both
the
Mediator
,
and
the
price
of
their
Accommodation
,
who
had
acted
so
vigorously
in
the
Treaty
,
that
,
with
posting
to
and
again
in
the
most
violent
heats
of
Summer
,
he
was
surpriz'd
with
a
Pleurisie
;
whereof
in
six
days
he
dy'd
.
With
his
Government
Arquien
was
recompens'd
,
who
after
that
quit
claim
to
the
Cittadel
of
Metz
,
leaving
the
Duke
absolute
Master
of
it
,
as
before
;
a
possession
he
afterwards
kept
,
till
that
a
few
years
before
his
death
he
demised
it
in
favour
of
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
his
Son
.
Amidst
these
many
important
Affairs
,
the
Duke
was
not
unmindful
of
his
particular
Duties
;
whereof
one
,
and
to
which
he
conceiv'd
himself
most
particularly
oblig'd
,
was
to
manifest
his
gratitude
to
Henry
the
III.
his
Master
,
and
Benefactor
.
He
had
formerly
after
his
death
attended
his
Body
to
Compiegne
,
where
the
misfortunes
of
War
,
and
the
confusion
of
Affairs
,
not
permitting
at
that
time
a
performance
of
his
Funeral
Rites
;
and
the
Queen
now
resolving
to
begin
the
Regency
with
those
of
the
late
King
,
he
humbly
begg'd
of
her
to
give
him
leave
to
make
use
of
that
opportunity
for
the
interment
of
Henry
the
III.
wherein
her
Majesty
,
doing
an
Act
worthy
her
Piety
,
would
add
little
or
nothing
to
the
expense
she
was
already
resolv'd
to
make
.
The
Queen
readily
consented
to
his
request
;
so
that
the
Duke
,
accompanied
with
a
great
number
of
Lords
and
Gentlemen
,
went
to
fetch
the
Body
from
Compiegne
,
from
whence
he
convey'd
it
to
St.
Denis
,
where
it
was
deposited
in
the
ancient
Sepulchre
of
the
Kings
of
France
.
Neither
was
this
the
sole
testimony
the
Duke
gave
of
his
gratitude
to
his
old
Master
,
the
Records
of
his
Bounty
and
Favour
being
so
impress'd
in
his
memory
,
that
they
perish'd
not
,
but
in
his
Grave
,
where
all
things
are
buried
in
Oblivion
.
A
little
before
his
death
,
causing
a
Marble
Pillar
,
one
of
the
most
celebrated
pieces
of
Architecture
of
these
late
times
,
to
be
carried
,
and
set
up
in
the
Church
of
St.
Clou
;
wherein
he
was
so
curious
,
as
to
make
it
be
wrought
in
his
own
House
,
and
almost
in
his
own
sight
;
his
design
being
to
found
a
Revenue
of
a
thousand
Livers
yearly
for
the
Service
of
the
Chappel
where
it
was
erected
;
which
was
also
adorn'd
with
Pictures
,
and
pav'd
with
Marble
at
his
own
charge
:
but
some
difficulties
arising
about
the
settlement
of
that
Foundation
,
which
could
not
be
clear'd
before
his
death
,
the
thing
(
to
his
great
grief
)
remain'd
imperfect
.
The
Ceremony
of
these
Obsequies
,
The
Prince
of
Condé
returns
to
Court
,
where
he
appears
displeas'd
at
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
perform'd
in
the
end
of
Iune
,
was
immediately
follow'd
by
the
return
of
the
Prince
of
Condé
to
Court
,
where
he
arriv'd
in
Iuly
,
and
where
all
the
men
of
condition
contended
who
should
give
him
the
greatest
testimonies
of
joy
for
his
return
.
Amongst
whom
,
although
the
Duke
of
Espernon
was
none
of
the
latest
,
yet
was
he
not
the
best
receiv'd
.
The
Duke
of
Sully
,
who
had
great
need
of
this
Princes
Protection
,
had
prevented
others
in
the
possession
of
his
Favour
,
and
conceiving
he
should
make
himself
more
acceptable
by
rendring
the
affection
of
other
Grandees
suspected
to
him
;
he
had
(
amongst
others
)
pointed
out
the
Duke
of
Espernon
for
one
of
those
of
whom
he
had
most
reason
to
complain
.
An
ill
Office
,
that
having
at
first
preferr'd
in
general
terms
,
he
afterwards
pursu'd
by
particular
circumstance
,
telling
the
Prince
that
the
Duke
had
doubled
the
Guards
of
the
Louvre
at
his
arrival
,
and
put
all
the
King's
Family
into
Arms
,
as
they
had
been
to
defend
it
against
a
common
Enemy
.
Which
impression
the
Prince
was
more
apt
to
receive
,
by
how
much
he
believ'd
,
that
the
Duke
being
already
in
a
great
degree
of
Favour
with
the
Queen
,
and
very
intimate
with
the
Count
de
Soissons
,
must
needs
be
jealous
of
his
return
,
which
he
could
not
consider
,
but
as
a
great
power
directly
opposite
to
all
his
concerns
;
which
made
him
at
the
first
interview
receive
him
,
not
only
with
apparent
coldness
,
but
also
,
not
able
to
dissemble
his
dissatisfaction
,
reproach
him
for
having
endeavour'd
to
possess
the
Queen
with
some
suspicions
to
his
prejudice
.
The
Duke
,
surpriz'd
at
so
unexpected
an
entertainment
and
so
groundless
a
reproach
(
he
having
alter'd
nothing
in
the
usual
Guards
that
had
been
kept
in
the
Louvre
since
the
King's
Death
)
and
nettled
with
the
sense
of
so
injurious
an
Office
,
gave
aloud
the
Lye
to
all
those
who
had
branded
him
with
so
false
a
Calumny
.
Yet
would
not
this
publick
and
generous
profession
of
the
truth
so
satisfie
and
appease
the
Prince
,
that
there
was
not
still
some
remains
of
discontent
in
his
mind
against
the
Duke
.
He
did
not
think
him
so
affectionate
to
him
,
as
to
the
Count
de
Soissons
;
and
seeing
him
advanc'd
to
that
height
of
Reputation
with
the
Queen
,
could
not
expect
he
should
be
favourable
to
him
,
in
the
design
he
had
to
assume
that
place
in
Court
,
and
to
share
that
Authority
in
the
management
of
Affairs
,
which
were
due
to
his
Birth
and
Greatness
.
So
that
here
the
Court
was
divided
,
the
Prince
of
Condé
having
his
Faction
,
and
the
Count
of
Soissons
his
,
amongst
whom
the
Duke
of
Espernon
was
the
chief
,
and
most
considerable
member
.
Yet
did
not
this
diversity
of
Interests
produce
any
sudden
ill
effect
,
The
state
of
Affairs
at
Court
,
during
the
Queens
Regency
.
the
Princes
paying
a
due
respect
to
the
Queen
,
and
being
by
her
admitted
into
the
debate
of
Affairs
,
though
the
most
important
were
carried
on
by
other
hands
.
The
Cabinet
Council
at
this
time
consisted
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
the
Chancellour
de
Sillery
,
President
Ianin
,
and
Mounsieur
de
Villeroy
;
wherein
the
Duke's
Vote
had
the
greatest
sway
,
and
his
Opinions
did
usually
prevail
;
by
whom
it
being
conceiv'd
necessary
for
the
honour
of
the
Nation
,
and
the
memory
of
the
late
King
to
pursue
the
Enterprize
of
Iuliers
,
which
had
been
the
pretense
of
his
Majesties
Arms
,
he
propounded
,
and
got
it
to
be
concluded
that
the
Mareschal
de
la
Chasire
,
with
an
Army
of
10000
Foot
,
and
1200.
Horse
,
should
be
sent
to
assist
the
interested
Princes
in
the
restitution
of
this
Place
.
The
issue
of
which
expedition
was
as
succesful
as
could
be
wish'd
;
the
places
possess'd
by
the
Arch-Duke
Leopold
were
restor'd
into
the
hands
of
the
Marquis
of
Brandebourg
,
and
the
Duke
of
Newbourg
;
so
that
Affairs
on
that
side
remain'd
in
as
good
a
forwardness
as
could
be
desir'd
to
be
shortly
compos'd
(
as
they
were
)
to
the
satisfaction
of
the
German
Princes
.
As
in
the
occasion
we
spoke
of
last
things
were
carried
on
for
the
honour
,
so
was
it
no
less
necessary
for
the
safety
of
the
Kingdom
to
give
some
satisfaction
,
and
assurance
to
those
of
the
Reform'd
Religion
in
the
beginning
of
this
new
Reign
;
it
being
very
much
to
be
fear'd
this
Faction
(
which
at
this
time
was
very
powerful
)
pretending
a
violation
of
the
Edicts
formerly
publish'd
in
their
toleration
,
might
run
into
insurrection
,
to
the
ruine
of
the
publick
peace
.
Wherein
the
Duke
was
of
opinion
to
prevent
either
the
real
jealousie
,
or
else
the
evil
intentions
of
those
who
were
likely
to
breed
any
Commotion
,
by
Declarations
to
confirm
the
ancient
Edicts
granted
in
their
favour
.
It
is
very
true
,
that
he
had
no
kindness
for
their
Religion
;
but
he
thought
it
nevertheless
unfit
to
violate
the
publick
Faith
,
where
what
he
did
then
for
reason
of
State
,
he
has
ever
since
observ'd
in
his
own
particular
administration
;
so
that
though
an
enemy
to
new
opinions
,
he
was
notwithstanding
ever
very
solicitous
to
maintain
the
professors
of
them
within
his
Governments
in
peace
,
and
safety
;
and
it
has
been
observ'd
,
that
although
at
Metz
the
best
Families
of
the
City
were
of
that
perswasion
,
that
they
abounded
in
Xaintongue
,
and
Angoumois
,
and
that
Guienne
was
not
free
,
it
could
never
be
perceiv'd
,
that
he
made
any
distinction
betwixt
them
and
other
the
Kings
Subjects
,
except
where
he
found
them
refractory
and
disobedient
to
his
Commands
.
These
precautions
,
so
seasonably
apply'd
in
this
turn
of
State
,
secur'd
the
Peace
of
the
Kingdom
both
within
,
and
without
to
so
fortunate
a
degree
,
that
a
more
happy
Government
could
not
possibly
have
been
wish'd
.
Which
certainly
if
we
consider
the
great
number
of
discontents
within
,
before
the
King's
death
,
the
distastes
many
persons
of
great
Quality
had
taken
,
who
breath'd
nothing
but
revenge
,
with
the
Ambition
that
reigns
in
all
Courts
able
to
overthrow
the
surest
foundations
,
is
infinitely
to
be
wondred
at
.
To
which
may
be
added
the
envy
of
neighbouring
Princes
,
who
could
not
without
anxiety
,
and
apprehension
suffer
the
height
of
prosperity
to
which
France
was
already
advanc'd
;
together
with
the
Artifices
of
such
as
usually
in
the
troubles
of
a
State
seek
to
repair
the
ruines
of
their
own
desperate
Fortunes
:
all
which
evil
dispositions
could
not
,
according
to
humane
imagination
have
found
a
more
favourable
juncture
,
than
during
a
Regency
,
to
have
produc'd
their
fatal
effects
;
and
yet
never
was
France
at
greater
peace
within
it self
,
nor
more
respected
of
her
Neighbours
,
than
in
all
the
whole
time
of
the
Queens
administration
.
Wherein
though
I
dare
not
,
I
confess
,
attribute
the
whole
reputation
of
the
good
Government
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
alone
(
who
having
call'd
the
most
prudent
and
experienc'd
Ministers
of
the
latter
Reign
into
his
Councils
,
they
ought
also
to
share
in
the
praise
)
yet
can
I
not
in
equity
deny
him
the
first
place
of
Honour
,
he
having
(
without
dispute
,
the
greatest
Authority
,
and
consequently
having
ever
carried
the
greatest
sway
in
the
results
of
the
most
important
Affairs
.
This
Power
and
Reputation
being
the
ordinary
objects
of
envy
even
amongst
men
of
equal
condition
,
Anno
1611.
it
is
no
wonder
if
the
Princes
of
the
Blood
were
jealous
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
greatness
;
The
beginning
of
the
Princes
discontent
.
who
(
as
they
said
)
unknown
to
them
dispos'd
the
greatest
Affairs
of
the
Kingdom
,
wherein
they
particulary
complain'd
,
that
he
had
perswaded
the
Queen
to
resolve
upon
a
match
,
betwixt
the
King
and
the
Infanta
of
Spain
;
a
thing
which
in
his
Minority
was
not
to
be
done
without
the
consent
of
the
Princes
of
the
Blood
,
by
reason
of
the
interest
which
,
by
virtue
of
their
proximity
,
they
had
in
his
Majesties
Person
.
But
the
Duke
was
so
well
read
in
their
Priviledges
,
that
it
is
not
to
be
suppos'd
he
could
commit
so
great
an
error
;
and
he
had
divers
times
propos'd
this
Marriage
to
them
,
for
the
most
honourable
,
and
most
advantageous
match
could
be
found
out
for
the
King
in
all
Europe
:
although
the
Princes
who
began
to
suffer
themselves
to
be
led
away
by
the
perswasions
of
those
who
could
no
longer
contain
themselves
within
those
bounds
,
which
the
virtue
of
Peace
prescrib'd
to
their
Ambition
,
had
ever
oppos'd
that
proposition
,
and
would
never
consent
unto
it
.
The
Duke
nevertheless
,
as
if
he
had
foreseen
the
happiness
would
accrue
to
the
State
by
this
Alliance
,
ceas'd
not
continually
to
fortifie
the
Queen
Mother
in
the
resolution
she
had
taken
to
pursue
that
Treaty
,
and
to
bring
it
to
a
conclusion
;
which
,
because
it
was
carried
on
without
their
consents
,
they
pretended
it
to
be
without
their
knowledge
:
and
this
was
all
the
ground
of
their
complaint
.
In
this
point
the
Count
de
Soissons
concurr'd
with
the
Prince
of
Condé
;
he
was
already
broken
off
with
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
Anno
1612.
and
that
to
such
a
degree
,
that
he
appear'd
now
more
implacable
in
his
hatred
,
than
he
had
before
seem'd
violent
in
his
love
.
I
have
already
said
,
that
amongst
the
reasons
which
induc'd
him
to
seek
the
Duke's
friendship
,
the
chiefest
was
the
Marriage
of
Madamoiselle
de
Montpensier
with
the
Prince
his
Son
:
A
Princess
,
who
had
been
so
far
honour'd
by
the
late
King
,
that
he
had
cast
his
eye
upon
her
for
a
Match
betwixt
her
,
and
the
Duke
of
Orleans
,
his
second
Son
,
and
had
spoke
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
to
that
purpose
;
so
that
it
cannot
appear
strange
in
him
,
if
after
being
prepossess'd
with
the
hope
of
so
glorious
a
fortune
for
his
Niece
,
and
so
great
an
honour
to
his
whole
Family
he
could
not
easily
condescend
to
the
Count's
motion
,
wherein
nevertheless
he
excus'd
himself
with
all
imaginable
Civility
and
Respect
:
But
this
Prince
,
of
a
hot
and
violent
nature
,
taking
for
injury
the
least
contradiction
to
his
will
,
was
so
highly
transported
with
fury
at
this
refusal
,
that
there
was
no
extreme
to
which
he
would
not
hurry
his
revenge
,
publickly
threatning
to
assault
the
Duke
in
the
Streets
,
in
the
Louvre
,
nay
in
his
own
House
.
Thus
do
we
see
the
Duke
at
once
oppress'd
with
the
open
hatred
of
two
of
the
Princes
of
the
Blood
;
upon
which
occasion
,
although
he
very
well
understood
the
deference
due
to
their
persons
,
and
upon
that
accompt
declar'd
he
would
ever
give
them
way
,
and
retire
before
them
;
yet
did
he
not
conceive
it
convenient
to
have
the
same
respect
,
and
consideration
for
such
as
under
their
countenance
and
protection
should
make
any
attempts
upon
him
.
And
it
was
in
this
occurrence
,
that
the
Reputation
and
interest
he
had
at
Court
did
most
evidently
appear
;
so
many
persons
,
who
by
his
bounty
he
had
oblig'd
(
principally
in
the
dispensation
of
those
offices
depended
upon
his
own
of
Colonel
)
so
many
others
who
expected
their
advancement
from
him
,
so
many
Lords
of
great
Quality
,
who
either
by
Relation
or
Friendship
were
united
to
him
;
and
so
many
others
out
of
the
sole
regard
of
his
Virtue
flocking
about
his
Person
,
that
he
has
often
been
seen
in
the
streets
of
Paris
with
seven
or
eight
hundred
Gentlemen
waiting
upon
him
:
And
I
have
heard
many
of
very
good
quality
,
who
in
those
times
declar'd
themselves
his
Friends
and
Servants
,
affirm
,
that
when
he
has
gone
on
foot
to
the
Louvre
,
as
he
would
sometimes
purposely
do
,
his
attendance
,
marching
in
order
,
have
taken
up
all
the
space
betwixt
the
Hostel
d'
Espernon
,
and
the
Court
,
which
is
at
least
2000
paces
;
insomuch
that
the
Van
of
his
Train
has
reach'd
the
Barriers
of
the
Louvre
,
before
almost
the
Rear
was
out
of
his
own
Gates
.
Which
(
how
strange
soever
it
may
appear
)
is
nothing
more
than
truth
;
as
an
infinite
number
of
persons
yet
living
can
witness
.
Neither
was
the
Queen
(
who
had
great
interest
in
the
preservation
of
a
man
had
merited
so
highly
from
her
)
sorry
to
see
him
in
so
good
a
posture
,
conceiving
it
of
no
little
moment
to
her
service
,
to
have
a
person
at
Court
able
to
make
a
Power
,
that
might
otherwise
have
been
turn'd
against
her
,
and
her
Authority
:
and
indeed
it
was
upon
him
she
principally
rely'd
,
as
the
chief
of
all
her
Servants
,
and
the
most
considerable
person
of
her
Party
.
The
Queen
made
this
most
manifestly
appear
in
a
very
remarkable
occasion
that
hapned
at
this
time
;
The
favours
the
Duke
receiv'd
from
the
Queen
upon
the
feuds
betwixt
him
and
t●e
Princes
.
of
which
take
here
the
true
story
.
The
Baron
de
la
Chastagneraye
after
the
Service
he
had
so
fortunately
done
the
Queen
in
recovering
her
out
of
the
River
Seine
,
at
the
passage
of
the
Port
de
Neully
(
relations
of
which
you
will
find
at
large
in
many
of
our
French
Histories
)
had
been
gratified
for
that
action
with
the
command
of
Captain
of
her
Majesties
Guard
,
and
was
moreover
very
graciously
receiv'd
by
the
Queen
;
advantages
that
creating
him
much
envy
,
either
her
Majesties
Favour
,
or
his
own
Spirit
,
or
both
,
engag'd
him
in
many
Disputes
with
several
persons
of
the
most
eminent
condition
at
Court
;
amongst
which
he
had
principally
one
with
Mounsieur
le
Grand
Escuyer
,
since
Duke
de
Bellegarde
;
wherein
his
passion
one
day
transporting
him
so
far
,
as
to
speak
unhandsomly
of
him
in
the
Queens
presence
,
and
before
the
Duke
of
Espernon
who
was
his
Cousin
German
,
the
Duke
conceiv'd
himself
oblig'd
to
say
something
in
the
behalf
of
so
near
a
Relation
,
and
thereupon
gave
la
Chastagneraye
some
smart
reply
,
which
he
,
unable
to
endure
,
as
briskly
return'd
upon
the
Duke
himself
;
who
with-held
by
the
reverence
of
the
place
,
said
to
him
only
this
,
That
her
Majesties
presence
which
had
encourag'd
him
to
that
offensive
language
,
ty'd
his
hands
,
and
oblig'd
him
from
taking
any
further
notice
of
it
;
resolving
within
himself
to
let
the
Quarrel
alone
at
that
time
,
and
to
call
him
to
an
accompt
at
fitter
leisure
:
but
the
Queen
both
to
satisfie
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
and
to
do
her self
right
,
la
Chastagneraye
having
violated
the
respect
due
to
her
Person
and
Presence
,
committed
him
immediately
to
the
Bastile
;
from
whence
though
he
was
the
next
day
enlarg'd
,
yet
the
sense
of
his
disgrace
having
wounded
him
to
the
quick
,
the
common
bruit
went
that
he
would
revenge
himself
upon
the
Duke's
person
,
and
that
he
was
countenanc'd
in
that
resolution
by
the
protection
of
the
Princes
.
A
thing
which
above
all
other
men
he
was
the
most
fit
to
undertake
,
both
for
his
courage
which
was
very
well
known
;
and
also
having
the
command
of
the
Queens
Guards
,
he
had
better
opportunity
than
any
to
execute
his
design
,
and
to
practice
upon
the
Duke
in
the
very
Louvre
it self
,
than
in
any
other
place
,
who
never
went
accompanied
in
her
Majesties
presence
,
as
he
did
in
all
other
places
.
The
first
intimation
of
this
design
the
Duke
receiv'd
from
the
Queens
own
mouth
,
who
,
by
a
favour
never
before
,
or
since
granted
to
any
,
permitted
him
to
take
a
number
of
select
Souldiers
in
his
own
Livery
for
the
Guard
of
his
Person
,
to
attend
him
in
all
places
,
so
much
as
into
the
Louvre
it self
;
which
favour
was
highly
improved
to
him
,
when
for
his
greater
security
,
she
moreover
gave
way
that
he
should
chuse
some
Gentlemen
of
Quality
of
his
most
confident
Friends
to
enter
with
him
arm'd
,
even
into
her
own
Cabinet
.
Those
whom
the
Duke
made
choice
of
for
this
purpose
were
Chetin
,
Brother
to
the
Mareschal
de
St.
Geran
,
Sauue-Baeuf
,
Bonneval
,
the
Count
de
Maillé
,
Castelbaiart
,
and
Marillac
,
all
men
of
approved
Valour
:
a
Grace
which
though
it
gave
great
jealousie
and
distaste
to
the
Princes
and
Grandees
of
the
Court
,
who
were
the
Duke's
Adversaries
,
her
Majesty
thought
it
fit
notwithstanding
,
to
give
him
leave
to
defend
his
own
life
against
whomsoever
would
make
any
attempt
against
it
.
Amongst
these
many
and
great
disputes
wherein
the
Duke
saw
himself
involv'd
,
The
Education
of
the
Dukes
three
Sons
.
he
forgot
not
the
care
of
his
Childrens
Education
;
whom
he
brought
up
to
the
most
laborious
Exercises
,
and
for
whom
after
a
foundation
of
Letters
,
not
only
of
a
bare
knowledge
in
the
Latine
Tongue
,
but
in
the
Principles
of
Philosophy
also
,
he
took
care
to
provide
the
greatest
man
,
without
contradiction
,
in
Europe
,
for
the
Exercises
of
the
Body
,
especially
that
of
Riding
,
which
was
the
Sieur
de
la
Bro●e
formerly
in
the
Constable
de
Montmorencies
entertainment
;
after
whose
Death
,
the
Duke
gain'd
him
to
himself
by
so
great
Benefits
,
that
he
gave
him
at
one
clap
ten
thousand
Crowns
in
Gold
,
with
an
Annuity
of
a
thousand
Crowns
issuing
out
of
the
Hostel
de
Ville
of
Paris
,
the
most
certain
Revenue
at
that
time
in
France
:
Neither
did
he
here
limit
his
Bounties
.
Under
this
Gentleman's
excellent
Discipline
,
his
two
eldest
Sons
arriv'd
to
such
a
perfection
in
their
exercises
,
that
no
young
Lords
of
their
condition
in
the
Kingdom
went
before
them
.
When
they
had
acquir'd
as
much
by
precept
as
seem'd
necessary
,
he
conceiv'd
it
time
they
should
establish
that
knowledge
by
experience
,
and
by
observing
the
manners
and
ways
of
living
of
other
Countries
;
to
which
purpose
having
put
them
into
an
Equipage
suiting
their
quality
,
he
sent
them
into
Germany
,
to
the
end
that
by
the
different
Governments
of
the
several
little
Republicks
of
which
the
vast
body
of
that
Empire
is
compos'd
,
they
might
be
better
enabled
to
judge
of
good
and
evil
customs
,
and
extract
a
more
certain
knowledge
for
their
own
future
conduct
in
the
Employments
to
which
they
were
by
him
design'd
.
They
arriv'd
in
that
Country
in
a
very
troublesome
time
,
when
all
ways
were
very
difficult
,
and
unsafe
;
but
the
illustrious
name
of
the
Father
,
in
greater
repute
in
any
part
of
Europe
,
than
in
France
it self
(
present
vertues
being
for
the
most
part
less
consider'd
)
did
not
only
open
all
ways
,
and
secure
all
passes
to
them
;
but
made
them
also
receiv'd
with
great
respect
,
and
honour'd
with
many
civilities
,
and
favours
by
all
the
Princes
,
and
Republicks
of
both
parties
.
After
having
staid
some
time
in
Germany
,
and
visited
at
leisure
the
Cities
,
and
most
eminent
places
there
,
they
went
from
thence
into
Italy
;
where
they
made
a
considerable
stay
,
and
where
for
the
greatest
part
they
made
their
residence
at
Rome
,
continuing
still
their
Exercises
;
from
whence
they
went
to
visit
the
most
eminent
Cities
of
that
sweetest
part
of
Europe
;
where
having
made
an
acquaintance
with
most
of
the
Princes
and
Lords
of
that
Nation
,
they
return'd
into
France
.
Whilst
the
two
eldest
were
thus
forming
their
minds
and
bodies
to
such
qualities
as
were
either
necessary
,
or
at
least
becoming
their
condition
;
Lewis
the
youngest
of
the
three
,
design'd
for
the
Church
,
was
with
no
less
care
brought
up
in
the
knowledge
of
Letters
;
whom
so
soon
as
the
Duke
his
Father
conceiv'd
to
be
of
a
fit
age
,
he
sent
him
to
La
Flesche
to
the
Colledge
of
the
Father
Jesuits
,
where
the
discipline
requisite
for
the
profession
he
was
to
take
upon
him
,
was
in
very
great
repute
.
He
there
continued
several
years
,
and
came
not
thence
till
he
had
first
run
through
all
the
degrees
,
by
which
men
climb
to
the
highest
pitch
of
knowledge
;
and
in
effect
,
when
he
was
call'd
thence
to
come
to
Court
,
he
had
made
so
happy
a
progress
,
that
Cardinal
Perron
,
a
great
friend
of
his
Fathers
,
having
been
by
him
intreated
to
discourse
with
his
Son
,
had
an
exceeding
great
opinion
of
him
,
and
believ'd
him
likely
to
make
one
of
the
greatest
men
of
that
age
,
if
he
proceeded
in
his
profession
with
a
diligence
proportionable
to
the
great
parts
wherewith
he
enter'd
into
it
.
The
three
Brothers
arriving
almost
all
at
the
same
time
at
Court
,
the
Duke
their
Father
began
to
think
of
establishing
the
greatness
of
his
Family
upon
the
surest
foundation
;
and
thereupon
consider'd
each
of
them
by
himself
,
for
the
dividing
his
Estate
amongst
them
:
wherein
though
they
were
all
embellish'd
with
so
many
excellent
qualities
,
that
it
could
hardly
be
discern'd
which
had
the
greatest
merit
;
yet
the
Duke
having
design'd
to
confer
his
own
name
upon
the
second
,
that
consideration
enclin'd
him
a
little
more
to
him
than
the
other
two
.
By
Article
at
his
Marriage
with
Margaret
de
Foix
,
Countess
of
Candale
,
his
eldest
Son
was
to
carry
the
name
of
Foix
,
and
to
inherit
his
Mothers
Estate
,
clear'd
,
and
augmented
by
the
Duke's
mony
:
and
his
own
name
was
also
so
great
,
what
by
the
vertue
of
his
Ancestors
,
and
what
by
his
own
,
that
he
would
not
leave
him
on
whom
it
was
conferr'd
,
inferiour
either
in
Reputation
,
or
Estate
to
any
whomsoever
of
his
condition
,
in
the
Kingdom
.
He
had
already
by
his
Service
obtain'd
from
the
Queen
Regent
the
Reversion
of
all
his
Offices
;
viz.
of
that
of
Colonel
General
of
the
Infantry
of
France
;
of
first
Gentleman
of
the
Bed-Chamber
,
an
Office
he
had
ever
kept
since
his
first
Favour
;
of
Governour
of
the
City
,
and
Cittadel
of
Metz
and
of
the
Messin
Country
;
of
the
Provinces
,
Cities
,
and
Castles
of
Xaintes
,
and
Angoulesme
;
of
the
City
and
Government
of
Rochelle
,
the
Country
of
Aulins
,
with
the
higher
and
lower
Limousin
;
of
the
City
,
Castle
,
and
Territory
of
Boulogne
,
and
of
the
City
,
Country
,
and
Castle
of
Loches
:
all
which
he
at
this
time
thus
divided
amongst
his
three
Sons
.
To
his
eldest
,
the
Count
of
Candale
,
he
assign'd
in
present
(
causing
him
forthwith
to
be
admitted
into
it
)
the
Office
of
first
Gentleman
of
the
Bed-Chamber
,
with
the
Governments
of
Angoumois
,
Xaintonge
,
Aulins
,
and
Limousin
in
Remainder
;
to
which
he
added
the
whole
Estate
of
the
House
of
Candale
,
amounting
to
above
fourscore
thousand
Livers
yearly
revenue
in
goodly
Lordships
;
as
also
the
Dutchy
of
Espernon
,
with
the
Earldom
of
Montfort
,
together
with
other
Lands
arising
to
above
fifty
thousand
Crowns
a
year
:
to
which
the
Duke
having
obtain'd
an
assurance
of
a
Mareschal's
Staff
for
this
Son
,
so
soon
as
a
more
mature
age
and
experience
should
render
him
capable
of
that
Employment
,
he
conceiv'd
that
a
high
Spirit
,
as
his
was
,
ought
to
rest
very
well
satisfied
with
so
fair
a
Fortune
.
To
the
Marquis
de
la
Valette
,
his
second
Son
,
he
assign'd
his
Office
of
Colonel
,
and
the
Government
of
Metz
in
reversion
,
with
the
rest
of
his
Estate
whether
hereditary
or
purchas'd
;
which
made
up
a
Revenue
equal
to
the
first
,
together
with
his
share
of
the
Rents
,
and
personal
Estate
.
For
his
third
Son
also
he
provided
to
the
value
of
fifty
thousand
Crowns
a
year
at
least
in
Church
preferments
;
of
which
he
was
not
content
only
to
put
him
into
present
possession
,
but
gave
him
moreover
a
years
Revenue
advance
,
that
he
might
have
wherewithal
to
maintain
a
port
suitable
to
his
condition
:
to
which
he
further
added
the
survivancy
of
the
Government
of
Boulogne
,
and
Loches
,
with
the
Office
of
chief
Almoner
to
the
King
,
which
was
a
leading
step
to
that
of
great
Almoner
of
France
.
In
this
distribution
of
his
Fortune
,
the
Duke
's
paternal
care
and
liberality
,
might
(
a
man
would
have
thought
)
have
amply
satisfied
the
most
aspiring
Ambitions
,
and
the
most
avaritious
Natures
;
neither
could
the
two
youngest
enough
magnifie
the
bounty
of
so
good
a
Father
,
who
by
his
Industry
,
and
his
Blood
had
rais'd
them
to
such
a
height
of
Riches
and
Honour
:
but
some
malevolent
Spirits
,
enemies
to
the
peace
and
happiness
of
the
eldest
,
by
a
violence
upon
his
nature
,
perswaded
him
he
had
not
been
kindly
us'd
in
this
partition
;
that
therein
his
younger
Brother
had
the
best
,
and
most
solid
Employments
assign'd
to
him
;
whereof
[
](A42794-e53300-b)*
*
Mea●●ng
that
〈◊〉
Colone●
.
one
was
a
Command
of
it self
sufficient
to
oblige
all
the
Gentlemen
of
France
,
together
with
a
Frontier
much
more
considerable
,
than
the
best
Province
of
the
Kingdom
;
whereas
what
was
consign'd
to
him
,
was
only
an
Office
of
little
value
,
and
no
great
repute
at
Court
,
with
the
expectation
of
a
Mareschal's
Staff
,
considerable
't
was
true
,
but
a
great
way
off
;
and
that
for
his
Governments
,
they
lay
so
in
the
heart
of
the
Kingdom
,
that
his
Authority
would
be
very
little
,
or
nothing
at
all
;
by
which
means
making
him
at
first
undervalue
the
benefits
he
had
receiv'd
,
they
so
debauch'd
his
gratitude
at
last
,
as
to
make
him
publickly
complain
of
his
Fathers
proceeding
,
and
to
despise
all
he
had
,
seeing
he
had
not
all
he
desir'd
.
The
Duke
,
advertis'd
of
his
Sons
discontent
,
labour'd
all
he
could
to
reclaim
him
,
and
make
him
see
his
error
,
which
he
afterwards
did
;
neither
could
any
thing
be
more
grateful
,
and
obedient
,
than
he
ever
carried
himself
,
so
oft
as
he
suffer'd
himself
to
be
govern'd
by
his
own
natural
inclination
.
Even
before
the
King's
death
,
the
Fortune
and
Greatness
of
the
Father
,
with
the
merit
,
and
Riches
of
the
Sons
,
had
rendred
their
Alliances
so
considerable
,
that
there
were
few
persons
of
great
Quality
at
Court
,
who
had
not
been
offer'd
to
the
Duke
in
Marriage
with
them
;
but
amongst
the
several
Matches
propos'd
for
the
Count
de
Candale
,
his
eldest
Son
,
the
Duke
preferr'd
that
with
the
Dutchess
of
Haluin
,
Grand-child
to
the
Duke
of
Haluin
,
and
Daughter
to
the
Marquis
de
Megnelay
,
The
Marriage
of
the
Count
d●
〈◊〉
the
Duk●●eldest
Son
.
the
inheritrix
of
a
rich
and
illustrious
Family
,
before
all
the
rest
,
Whereupon
a
Marriage
betwixt
them
shortly
ensu'd
,
though
discontents
soon
after
arising
,
grew
at
last
to
that
height
,
that
in
a
few
years
they
came
to
an
absolute
separation
.
Those
who
had
the
power
to
sow
division
in
the
Marriage-Bed
,
had
the
same
to
perswade
the
Count
de
Candale
into
an
open
breach
with
the
Duke
his
Father
;
the
grief
whereof
(
the
most
sensible
of
any
he
had
ever
met
with
in
the
whole
course
of
his
life
)
as
it
was
the
cause
of
infinite
others
,
which
befel
him
afterwards
,
had
like
to
have
brought
him
to
his
Grave
.
Yet
did
the
Duke
(
as
if
he
had
already
foreseen
what
did
after
fall
out
)
all
an
indulgent
Father
could
possibly
do
,
to
reconcile
himself
to
his
Son
,
and
his
Son
to
his
Duty
:
wherein
though
Le
Plessis
(
the
usual
mediator
of
all
differences
in
that
Family
)
did
as
much
as
could
be
expected
from
an
extraordinary
prudence
,
and
a
sincere
affection
,
it
proved
all
to
no
effect
;
the
Count
either
unable
to
support
the
injury
he
believ'd
had
been
done
him
in
the
partition
of
the
Offices
,
or
not
well
enduring
the
presence
of
a
Father
,
he
was
conscious
to
himself
he
had
not
kindly
us'd
,
being
resolv'd
by
a
voluntary
Exile
,
to
seek
some
repose
for
his
troubled
mind
.
He
determin'd
therefore
to
forsake
France
,
but
the
end
of
his
Travel
was
not
simply
for
diversion
;
neither
could
he
satisfie
himself
with
the
meer
exercise
of
some
Vertues
only
to
be
practis'd
in
the
obscurity
of
retirement
,
and
in
the
privacy
of
a
Closet
;
it
was
by
painful
,
and
perillous
actions
,
and
by
exposing
his
life
to
the
uncertain
event
of
great
Enterprizes
,
that
he
would
qualifie
and
sweeten
his
discontents
.
Spurr'd
on
therefore
by
this
generous
resolution
,
he
took
the
second
time
the
way
of
Italy
,
where
arriving
at
the
Court
of
the
great
Duke
of
Tuscany
,
at
a
time
when
he
was
equipping
some
Gallies
for
the
Levant
,
he
entreated
that
Prince
to
permit
him
with
his
friends
to
put
himself
aboard
those
Vessels
.
There
had
not
any
person
of
his
condition
,
for
many
years
,
gone
out
of
the
Kingdom
with
so
honourable
a
Train
of
Gentlemen
,
and
those
in
so
handsome
an
Equipage
,
as
the
Count
did
;
having
above
fifty
Gentlemen
of
good
quality
in
his
company
,
whom
either
their
respect
to
the
Father
,
or
the
esteem
of
his
own
person
,
had
prevail'd
upon
to
run
the
same
fortune
with
him
:
Loziere
,
de
Themines
,
Monberaut
,
Calonges
,
Magnas
,
the
two
Brothers
de
la
Tour
,
Villandry
,
Cipierre
,
Vernegue
,
Monplaisir
,
de
Vic
,
la
Boissiere
,
with
many
other
Gentlemen
of
note
,
were
of
this
number
;
when
the
Duke
his
Father
,
how
afflicted
soever
at
his
resolution
,
yet
unwilling
he
should
be
expos'd
to
so
infinite
,
and
almost
inevitable
dangers
,
without
some
prudent
and
faithful
person
to
stand
by
him
in
all
hazards
,
permitted
Le
Plessis
likewise
,
who
had
been
very
useful
to
him
in
his
former
Travels
,
to
attend
him
in
this
sally
also
;
not
doubting
but
he
would
by
his
conduct
be
as
serviceable
to
him
in
his
military
undertakings
,
as
he
had
formerly
been
by
his
dexterity
in
other
Affairs
.
The
Duke
of
Florence
having
consented
that
the
Count
de
Candale
with
his
Companions
should
embarque
in
his
Gallies
,
they
cours'd
up
and
down
the
Coasts
of
the
Levant
,
performing
some
exploits
by
Sea
,
The
Count
de
Candale's
Voyage
into
the
Levant
.
and
making
some
attempts
by
Land
,
and
always
with
good
success
:
but
the
particular
design
of
this
expedition
being
upon
the
Fortress
of
Aglimant
,
the
most
important
of
all
Caramania
,
they
were
to
steer
their
course
that
way
,
and
to
prepare
themselves
to
assault
it
.
This
Fortress
,
favour'd
by
a
good
Harbour
,
was
man'd
with
six
hundred
Turks
,
and
moreover
furnish'd
with
Artillery
,
Ammunition
,
and
all
things
necessary
for
its
defense
;
which
,
as
it
lay
expos'd
to
the
inroads
of
the
Christians
,
those
who
had
the
Guard
of
it
,
were
so
vigilant
to
its
preservation
,
that
there
could
be
no
hope
of
effecting
any
thing
by
surprize
.
Neither
could
the
Admiral
of
the
Tuscan
Gallies
(
Signior
Enguerrany
by
name
)
who
was
to
answer
for
any
miscarriage
in
the
Enterprize
,
resolve
to
hazard
an
attempt
,
in
which
he
evidently
saw
so
many
,
and
almost
invincible
difficulties
:
but
the
Count
de
Candale
,
having
generously
desir'd
the
greatest
danger
might
be
conferr'd
upon
him
,
and
his
,
his
noble
resolution
cut
off
all
disputes
,
and
the
assault
was
forthwith
concluded
.
If
in
the
proposition
of
this
Enterprize
the
Count
had
evidenc'd
the
bravery
of
his
Spirit
,
he
made
it
in
the
execution
more
manifestly
appear
.
Don
Pedro
Medici
of
the
Duke
's
own
Family
,
having
resolv'd
to
make
one
in
this
Voyage
,
would
do
the
Count
de
Candale
the
Honour
to
fight
in
his
Squadron
,
which
having
had
the
precedency
in
landing
,
had
the
same
deference
continued
to
them
throughout
the
whole
Action
;
which
so
succeeded
to
the
Count's
glory
,
that
after
a
stout
resistance
he
forc'd
the
place
by
Petards
,
and
took
it
;
yet
not
without
the
loss
of
some
Christians
,
whereof
some
Gentlemen
of
Quality
in
his
own
Squadron
there
lost
their
lives
.
Pedro
Medici
was
himself
desperately
wounded
,
Le
Plessis
more
slightly
;
as
also
Monberaut
,
and
some
others
:
but
Villandry
,
la
Boissiere
,
and
Vernegue
were
laid
dead
upon
the
place
A
loss
however
soon
recompens'd
by
that
of
the
Turks
,
who
had
above
300.
men
slain
in
the
Fight
,
with
two
hundred
and
fifty
of
them
made
slaves
,
as
two
hundred
and
forty
Christians
were
set
free
:
So
that
the
Florentine
General
having
seiz'd
of
all
the
spoil
,
the
Count
de
Candale
contented
himself
with
the
bare
Honour
of
the
Victory
.
The
Fortress
was
set
on
fire
,
and
in
a
short
space
totally
consum'd
;
the
chiefest
the
●urk
had
upon
that
Frontier
,
and
that
serv'd
as
a
Port
to
being
but
five
Leagues
distance
thence
.
This
action
carried
on
with
so
great
prudence
,
and
perform'd
with
so
admirable
Valour
,
was
crown'd
with
an
universal
applause
:
So
that
the
Count
de
Candale
return'd
into
France
loaded
with
Glory
and
Praise
,
and
Le
Plessis
having
whilst
he
was
abroad
sweetned
his
temper
,
and
given
him
a
better
taste
of
his
Fathers
Affection
,
at
his
return
home
,
he
also
return'd
into
his
Duty
and
filial
Obedience
;
which
made
the
Duke
with
an
excess
of
joy
receive
him
with
open
arms
into
his
bosom
;
a
re-union
that
continuing
some
years
,
the
Count
liv'd
at
Court
in
great
Honour
,
and
as
high
Reputation
as
any
Gentleman
of
his
condition
in
the
Kingdom
.
At
this
time
there
likewise●
hapned
an
absolute
and
perfect
reconciliation
betwixt
the
Duke
and
the
House
of
Guise
;
for
as
the
refusal
of
the
Marriage
of
Madamoiselle
de
Montpensier
had
lost
him
the
Count
de
Soissons
friendship
,
so
did
the
consummation
of
that
of
the
Dutchess
of
Montpensier
her
Mother
with
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
acquire
him
that
of
that
Duke
,
and
all
his
Family
.
This
great
Alliance
in
the
revolutions
,
that
after
hapned
,
was
of
no
little
importance
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
The
favour
of
Concino
Concini
Marquis
d'
Encre
began
at
this
time
to
shew
it self
,
and
to
appear
out
of
the
conceal●dness
,
and
ob●curity
,
where
it
had
till
now
lain
hid
,
and
to
raise
it self
to
such
a
prodigious
stature
,
as
drew
upon
the
Marquis
the
envy
of
the
whole
Court
.
I
do
not
here
pretend
to
speak
of
the
Birth
of
this
Favour
,
nor
of
the
degrees
by
which
it
rose
to
that
excessive
height
,
to
which
it
was
so
suddenly
advanc'd
.
I
shall
only
say
that
this
Marquis
,
finding
himself
too
weak
to
bear
the
great
weight
of
Envy
with
which
he
found
himself
oppress'd
,
sought
the
friendship
and
support
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
;
who
he
knew
was
alone
sufficient
to
protect
him
against
all
the
rest
,
and
to
whom
,
how
ambitious
soever
he
might
be
in
his
own
nature
,
he
made
no
difficulty
to
submit
.
He
had
in
the
spring
of
his
favour
receiv'd
several
good
Offices
from
him
,
in
acknowledgment
of
which
,
or
to
interest
the
Duke
further
in
his
preservation
,
he
caus'd
the
Marriage
of
his
only
Daughter
with
the
Marquis
de
la
Valette
the
Duke's
second
Son
,
to
be
propos'd
unto
him
;
offering
with
her
in
Dowry
the
Office
of
Constable
for
the
Duke
himself
,
so
soon
as
the
King
should
come
out
of
his
Minority
,
of
which
the
time
was
near
at
hand
;
and
for
the
Marquis
,
Mony
and
Offices
,
as
much
,
and
as
many
as
they
could
expect
by
the
means
,
and
through
the
mediation
of
a
Favourite
,
who
,
through
his
Wife
,
possess'd
an
absolute
Empire
over
the
Queen
Regents
will
.
Would
the
Duke
have
taken
the
advice
of
many
of
his
Servants
,
he
had
not
perhaps
,
as
he
did
,
rejected
this
p●oposal
▪
but
he
would
never
suffer
himself
to
be
overcome
,
either
by
the
importunity
of
his
Friends
,
or
the
consideration
of
his
own
peculiar
interest
,
The
Mareschal
d'
Encre
seeks
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
Alliance
,
and
is
rejected
.
as
to
that
motion
;
insomuch
that
instead
of
receiving
so
advantageous
offers
with
some
shew
of
civility
and
respect
,
he
fail'd
little
of
rejecting
them
with
injury
,
and
contempt
,
as
he
did
with
great
disdain
:
nay
he
express'd
great
offense
,
and
unkindness
against
those
who
press'd
him
to
it
.
An
obstinacy
that
I
have
often
heard
condemn'd
by
some
,
who
believ'd
the
Duke
had
never
fall'n
into
those
disorders
,
whereinto
he
saw
himself
afterwards
plung'd
by
the
Marquis
d'
Encres
excessive
favour
,
had
he
made
himself
Moderator
,
that
is
Master
of
Affairs
,
as
he
might
with
great
ease
have
done
:
but
as
he
would
pretend
to
no
favour
himself
,
so
could
he
endure
no
other
Favourites
;
insomuch
that
he
would
rather
make
it
his
business
to
pull
this
down
,
than
by
his
interest
to
serve
himself
in
doing
his
own
work
.
Though
by
this
repulse
the
Marquis
d'
Encre
(
upon
whom
all
things
depended
at
that
time
)
was
infinitely
cool'd
towards
the
Duke
;
yet
did
he
not
manifest
any
disgust
at
all
:
The
Duke
was
so
necessary
at
Court
,
the
Queen
could
not
be
without
him
;
he
had
propounded
,
and
caus'd
the
Match
with
Spain
to
be
resolv'd
upon
,
contrary
to
the
opinion
of
the
Princes
of
the
Blood
,
and
divers
others
of
great
condition
,
who
follow'd
their
interests
;
yet
could
not
the
busines
be
carried
on
to
the
Queen
satisfaction
,
if
he
did
not
remain
at
Court
,
to
fortifie
such
in
their
first
resolution
,
as
otherwise
might
perhaps
be
taken
off
by
the
consideration
of
the
great
power
of
those
,
who
so
stiffly
oppos'd
it
.
It
was
therefore
necessary
to
make
use
of
him
in
this
occasion
for
the
accomplishment
of
what
had
been
first
propounded
by
him
:
and
in
the
end
the
conditions
of
the
two
Marriages
having
been
mutually
accepted
of
in
both
Courts
,
there
was
great
demonstration
of
joy
in
both
Kingdoms
,
France
particularly
pouring
out
it self
in
magnificences
to
a
degree
almost
of
profusion
,
could
too
much
gratitude
have
been
express'd
for
a
blessing
that
has
already
produc'd
so
much
happiness
,
and
that
is
likely
to
bring
much
more
to
the
Kingdom
.
Whilst
the
Court
was
busie
about
the
preparation
for
these
solemnities
,
the
Prince
of
Condé
,
and
the
Count
de
Soissons
,
suddenly
withdrew
from
Court
;
whose
retirement
,
together
with
some
discontent
those
of
the
Religion
made
shew
of
at
the
same
time
,
gave
great
apprehension
,
that
matters
were
likely
to
come
to
a
speedy
rupture
:
but
the
wisdom
of
the
Queens
Council
having
apply'd
seasonable
remedies
to
this
disorder
,
if
they
did
not
absolutely
take
away
the
effect
of
what
they
fear'd
,
they
at
least
deferr'd
deferr'd
it
;
so
that
the
publick
Peace
was
for
this
time
secur'd
.
The
Queen
caus'd
the
Princes
to
be
treated
with
,
who
were
at
last
content
to
return
to
Court
,
and
to
sign
the
conditions
of
the
Marriage
;
and
those
of
the
Religion
,
having
by
this
little
disorder
procur'd
some
inconsiderable
concessions
,
referr'd
to
a
fitter
opportunity
the
design
they
had
to
interrupt
the
main
work
,
which
they
conceiv'd
would
be
infinitely
prejudicial
to
their
Interest
,
and
Safety
.
I
cannot
in
this
place
forbear
another
digression
from
my
Subject
,
Anno
1613.
to
speak
of
the
acquisition
the
Duke
made
at
this
time
of
one
of
the
principal
Servants
he
ever
had
in
his
Family
,
and
one
whose
merit
made
him
afterwards
very
eminent
at
Court
,
where
he
obtain'd
no
little
Favour
and
Esteem
with
the
King
himself
;
and
this
was
the
Sieur
de
Marsillac
,
a
Gentleman
of
as
great
valour
,
and
as
graceful
a
presence
as
any
whatsoever
of
his
time
.
This
man
had
formerly
had
a
dependence
upon
Balagny
(
call'd
the
Brave
of
the
Court
)
whom
Balagny
had
taken
out
of
the
Regiment
of
Guards
,
where
he
trail'd
a
Pike
,
to
put
him
upon
one
of
the
boldest
,
and
most
honourable
Actions
a
Gentleman
of
his
condition
could
possibly
undertake
,
A
Challenge
carried
by
Marsillac
from
Balagni
to
the
Duke
of
Eguillon
.
and
that
was
to
carry
a
Challenge
to
the
Duke
of
Eguillon
,
since
Duke
of
Mayenne
.
This
business
hapned
in
the
Reign
of
Henry
the
great
,
who
did
not
condemn
him
for
it
;
and
,
though
it
was
the
first
of
this
nature
that
perhaps
had
ever
been
known
in
France
,
gave
notwithstanding
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
his
Father
no
satisfaction
therein
,
what
complaints
soever
he
could
make
.
I
have
heard
Marsillac
himself
tell
the
story
:
He
adventur'd
a
poor
younger
Brother
as
he
was
,
to
go
execute
his
Commission
even
in
the
Duke
d'
Eguillon's
own
Bed-Chamber
,
whose
generosity
and
freedom
he
could
never
sufficiently
commend
,
he
doing
him
the
honour
to
go
out
with
him
alone
to
give
his
friend
satisfaction
,
without
other
caution
,
than
his
own
bare
word
,
though
he
could
by
no
means
prevail
with
him
,
to
let
him
be
further
concern'd
in
the
Quarrel
,
being
resolute
to
end
the
dispute
without
a
Second
;
the
only
thing
whereof
he
could
complain
in
the
Duke's
behaviour
towards
him
;
though
he
gave
him
at
the
same
time
as
much
reason
,
to
magnifie
the
extraordinary
,
and
noble
care
he
took
to
conceal
the
action
from
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
his
Fathers
knowledge
.
He
was
in
the
house
when
the
Challenge
was
brought
,
and
has
often
been
heard
to
say
,
that
had
he
known
his
temerity
,
he
would
have
caus'd
Marsillac
to
have
been
tost
out
of
the
Windows
,
to
have
taught
him
what
it
was
to
bring
a
Message
of
that
nature
to
a
Prince
,
from
a
private
Gentleman
:
and
doubtless
he
would
have
been
as
good
as
his
word
,
he
was
so
highly
incens'd
at
the
affront
;
which
perhaps
serv'd
for
an
example
shortly
after
to
the
Baron
of
Luz
,
in
his
challenge
to
the
Chevalier
de
Guise
.
As
for
Marsillac
after
the
death
of
Balagny
(
who
was
kill'd
in
a
Quarrel
)
being
entertain'd
into
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
Service
,
he
obtain'd
under
him
in
the
command
of
his
Guard
,
which
he
bestowed
upon
him
,
so
high
a
reputation
,
and
esteem
,
that
he
was
at
last
desir'd
by
the
King
;
where
his
Majesty
gave
him
a
Company
in
his
own
Guards
,
and
his
deserts
were
infallibly
raising
him
to
a
much
higher
fortune
,
if
at
the
same
time
the
King
express'd
the
greatest
esteem
and
affection
for
him
,
he
had
not
at
the
Siege
of
Privas
receiv'd
a
Musquet●shot
in
his
head
,
which
as
it
determin'd
his
hopes
,
was
also
the
reward
of
all
his
Service
.
We
here
with
a
new
year
enter
upon
a
new
disorder
,
Anno
1614.
of
which
the
immoderate
greatness
of
Conchini
was
either
the
effectual
,
or
at
least
the
pretended
cause
;
New
disorders
in
the
Kingdom
.
and
doubtless
his
favour
and
insolence
were
rais'd
to
that
excess
,
as
rendred
him
intolerable
;
either
of
which
are
sufficiently
odious
in
whomsoever
they
happen
to
befound
;
but
being
united
in
him
,
pull'd
upon
him
the
hatred
,
or
●nvy
of
all
sorts
of
men
.
The
most
part
of
the
great
ones
seeing
themselves
excluded
from
all
knowledge
of
Affairs
(
neither
is
it
possible
to
satisfie
all
who
will
pretend
to
that
priviledge
)
cast
their
eyes
upon
the
Prince
of
Condé
,
to
interest
him
in
their
discontents
;
and
the
Hugonot
Faction
not
being
able
without
great
jealousie
to
see
the
Marriage
accomplish'd
,
was
no
less
ready
than
those
Grandees
to
break
into
open
arms
:
The
one
and
the
other
then
being
in
such
a
disposition
,
had
joyntly
by
the
negotiation
of
the
Duke
of
Boüillon
recourse
to
the
Prince
of
Condé
,
perswading
him
to
oppose
himself
to
Conchini's
greatness
,
to
demand
punishment
for
those
evils
of
which
he
had
been
the
cause
,
and
a
Reformation
in
the
State
;
the
old
and
common
pretense
of
all
such
as
would
infest
the
publick
peace
.
The
Prince
had
ever
since
the
death
of
the
Count
de
Soissons
been
in
high
consideration
,
not
only
by
reason
of
his
quality
as
first
,
but
also
as
it
were
sole
Prince
of
the
Blood
;
to
which
his
admirable
endowments
rendred
him
no
less
conspicuous
,
than
did
the
preeminence
of
his
Birth
:
He
was
knowing
,
dexterous
,
and
intelligent
in
all
sorts
of
business
,
beyond
what
could
be
expected
from
his
age
:
notwithstanding
all
which
great
qualities
,
something
yet
being
wanting
,
that
some
conceiv'd
was
requir'd
in
a
person
of
his
eminent
condition
,
they
had
not
allow'd
him
that
share
in
the
management
of
Affairs
he
either
merited
,
or
at
least
desir'd
;
an
injury
that
he
very
much
resneting
,
and
moreover
animated
by
the
perswasions
not
of
the
Duke
de
Boüillon
only
,
but
also
by
the
Dukes
of
Longueville
,
Mayenne
,
Nevers
,
and
Luxe●bourg
,
who
had
every
one
a
particular
pretext
for
his
defection
,
made
him
suddenly
depart
from
Court
,
and
retire
himself
to
Mezieres
in
Champagne
,
from
whence
,
should
he
be
smartly
laid
to
,
he
might
conveniently
retreat
to
Sedan
.
To
this
place
he
was
follow'd
by
all
the
other
discontented
Lords
:
as
for
the
Duke
of
Vendosme
,
who
had
likewise
promis'd
to
do
the
same
,
not
being
able
to
get
clear
of
the
Court
so
soon
as
he
intended
(
having
been
detain'd
prisoner
in
a
Chamber
of
the
Louvre
)
he
nevertheless
finding
means
to
deceive
his
Guards
,
escap'd
soon
after
to
his
Government
of
Bretagne
,
where
he
did
what
he
could
to
fortifie
the
Faction
by
the
interest
he
had
in
that
Province
.
This
great
number
of
discontents
put
the
Court
into
strange
disorder
,
the
old
Ministers
of
State
,
who
had
seen
nothing
of
a
Civil
War
for
many
years
,
apprehending
this
would
certainly
involve
the
Kingdom
in
a
desperate
confusion
:
but
the
Duke
of
Espernon
having
consider'd
that
the
Princes
for
the
most
part
had
neither
mony
,
nor
credit
at
home
,
nor
no
intelligence
abroad
,
few
places
to
retire
unto
,
and
fewer
friends
amongst
the
people
,
whom
the
serenity
of
the
present
Government
had
rendred
very
well
satisfied
with
their
condition
,
was
of
a
quite
contrary
opinion
.
The
Duke
〈…〉
.
He
therefore
advis'd
the
Queen
Regent
to
cause
them
by
the
Regiments
of
French
,
and
Swisse
Guards
,
with
such
Horse
as
were
ready
at
hand
to
be
suddenly
pur●●●d
;
assuring
her
,
that
if
the
King
would
please
to
put
himself
into
the
head
of
this
little
Body
,
he
might
with
the
greatest
ease
imaginable
,
and
without
resistance
suppress
a
faction
that
had
inconsiderately
engag'd
in
a
Rebellion
without
other
ground
than
the
meer
instigation
of
some
mutinous
spirits
,
and
no
other
support
at
all
.
Not
followed
,
to
the
great
disadvantage
of
the
Royal
Affairs
.
It
was
the
same
advice
he
had
formerly
given
Henry
the
III.
in
the
time
of
his
favour
,
and
in
the
first
commotions
of
the
League
;
which
not
having
then
been
hearkened
to
,
had
cost
the
King
and
the
whole
Kingdom
so
dear
:
but
the
same
Counsel
had
here
the
same
success
,
the
wisdom
of
the
Ministers
of
State
could
not
give
ear
to
an
advice
,
wherein
they
apprehended
so
great
a
danger
;
so
that
for
want
of
having
observ'd
what
the
presence
of
a
King
does
in
a
Kingdom
,
where
the
respect
to
the
Sovereign
Authority
has
ever
been
so
inviolate
,
as
that
it
seems
to
be
a
quality
inherent
to
that
people
,
they
lost
the
most
favourable
opportunity
to
have
secur'd
the
present
peace
,
and
to
have
prevented
the
mischiefs
that
ensu'd
,
could
possibly
have
been
wish'd
.
An
oversight
that
the
Prince
of
Condé
very
well
observing
,
as
I
have
heard
him
say
himself
,
he
of
that
observation
(
as
we
shall
see
hereafter
)
made
a
great
advantage
for
the
King's
Service
in
the
Queen
Mothers
Affairs
.
The
advice
of
taking
Arms
being
thus
rejected
,
the
Duke
of
Espernon
refus'd
to
have
any
hand
in
the
insuing
Treaty
,
wherein
he
saw
they
were
to
purchase
a
Peace
he
neither
thought
honourable
,
nor
likely
long
to
continue
.
It
was
nevertheless
soon
concluded
,
and
the
Princes
having
at
this
time
found
no
disposition
in
the
people
to
follow
the
humour
of
their
priuate
discontents
;
nor
being
able
of
themselves
to
raise
any
considerable
force
,
made
no
great
difficulty
of
selling
a
Peace
,
they
would
undoubtedly
,
have
bought
at
any
price
,
had
they
once
been
made
to
feel
the
smart
of
War
.
But
for
this
they
had
great
summes
of
mony
,
that
furnish'd
them
for
another
Rebellion
,
with
some
other
conditions
,
as
that
there
should
be
a
Convocation
of
the
Estates
General
for
regulating
such
disorders
as
(
they
said
)
were
introduc'd
into
the
Kingdom
.
And
this
was
that
call'd
the
Peace
of
Saint
Menehou
,
according
to
the
Articles
of
which
,
there
follow'd
after
a
Convocation
of
the
Estates
,
but
not
till
the
Declaration
of
the
King's
Majority
had
first
been
ratified
in
the
Parliament
of
Paris
;
that
Act
having
been
thought
convenient
to
precede
the
Assembly
,
to
the
end
that
whatever
they
should
there
conclude
,
might
be
more
authentick
,
and
admit
of
no
dispute
for
the
time
to
come
.
During
this
Session
of
the
Estates
,
and
in
the
sight
as
it
were
of
all
France
,
which
in
the
persons
of
their
Deputies
seem'd
to
be
then
present
at
Paris
,
the
Duke
did
an
action
which
made
a
great
bustle
,
and
noise
in
the
beginning
;
but
that
in
the
issue
,
through
the
high
consideration
and
esteem
of
his
Authority
and
Vertue
,
was
pass'd
over
well
enough
.
I
have
already
said
,
when
speaking
of
the
erection
of
the
Duke's
command
of
Colonel
General
in
Title
of
an
Office
of
the
Crown
,
that
the
King
annex'd
thereto
a
Sovereign
Justice
,
or
Court
Martial
over
all
the
French
Infantry
.
In
any
difference
betwixt
Souldier
and
Souldier
,
the
Duke
,
together
with
the
Officers
of
that
Body
to
which
the
Souldier
did
belong
,
was
absolute
and
sovereign
Judge
of
the
Offense
;
but
if
the
difference
hapned
to
be
betwixt
a
Souldier
and
a
Citizen
,
there
he
was
to
call
some
Officers
of
Justice
,
together
with
the
Officers
of
the
Regiment
to
assist
him
.
Rules
that
,
being
enter'd
amongst
the
Statutes
of
the
Crown
,
are
at
this
day
part
of
the
Law
,
as
they
make
up
the
most
noble
part
of
that
brave
command
.
It
hapned
that
at
this
time
,
two
Souldiers
of
the
Regiment
of
Guards
fighting
a
Duel
in
the
Pré-au-Clercs
,
a
place
within
the
Jurisdiction
of
the
Abby
of
Saint
Germans
,
the
one
being
slain
,
the
other
was
taken
,
and
delivered
into
the
hands
of
the
Prevost
of
Saint
Germans
,
who
detain'd
him
in
the
Prison
belonging
to
the
Abby
.
Whereupon
the
Duke
conceiving
this
had
been
ignorantly
done
by
the
Officer
,
who
perhaps
might
not
know
how
far
in
this
case
his
Authority
did
extend
,
sent
the
Prevost-Martial
of
the
Regiment
to
the
Bailiff
to
make
him
understand
the
right
the
Duke
had
to
demand
his
Prisoner
,
and
withal
civilly
to
entreat
him
to
deliver
him
up
,
that
he
might
be
brought
to
his
Trial
:
But
this
entreaty
was
answer'd
with
a
surly
and
positive
denial
,
which
being
,
in
the
terms
it
was
deliver'd
,
carried
back
to
the
Duke
,
made
him
infinitely
impatient
,
that
the
Laws
establish'd
in
favour
of
his
command
,
should
suffer
so
great
a
contempt
:
neither
could
he
on
the
other
side
submit
to
pursue
all
the
due
Forms
,
by
which
he
was
by
order
of
Law
and
Justice
to
retrive
his
man
.
Thinking
it
therefore
the
most
expedite
way
to
make
use
of
his
own
Authority
in
the
case
,
he
commanded
the
Lieutenant
of
the
Company
of
which
the
Prisoner
was
,
to
take
a
Squadron
along
with
him
,
and
by
fair
means
or
foul
to
bring
him
away
;
which
was
accordingly
executed
:
and
upon
a
second
refusal
the
Prison
of
Saint
Germans
broke
open
,
and
the
Souldier
carried
away
to
be
punish'd
according
to
the
rigour
of
the
Law
,
but
by
those
nevertheless
who
were
his
proper
and
natural
Judges
.
Hereupon
the
Bailiff
goes
to
the
Parliament
to
complain
of
the
contempt
had
been
offer'd
to
the
Court
by
a
violence
upon
their
inferiour
Officers
:
upon
which
complaint
,
and
an
Indictment
Viva
voce
preferr'd
by
the
Bailiff
himself
;
the
Parliament
issued
out
a
Warrant
to
apprehend
the
Lieutenant
for
executing
his
Colonels
Order
,
with
a
Citation
of
personal
appearance
against
the
Colonel
himself
:
A
proceeding
,
that
as
it
could
not
certainly
be
approv'd
by
all
,
surpriz'd
and
nettled
the
Duke
to
the
last
degree
.
He
complain'd
of
it
to
the
King
,
representing
at
the
same
time
his
reasons
to
justifie
the
Act
,
and
not
being
able
to
support
the
contempt
he
conceiv'd
was
cast
upon
his
person
,
by
a
body
he
had
ever
honour'd
,
and
sometimes
oblig'd
,
he
would
give
the
world
an
accompt
it
was
no
easie
matter
to
serve
a
Process
upon
him
.
That
from
the
Parliament
had
been
granted
out
the
sixteenth
of
November
,
and
on
the
ninteenth
the
Duke
went
thither
in
person
,
accompanied
with
five
,
or
six
hundred
Gentlemen
,
besides
whom
there
also
crowded
as
many
more
young
Souldiers
of
the
Regiment
of
Guards
into
the
Palace
;
insomuch
that
all
the
Base-Court
,
Galleries
,
and
the
very
Hall
it self
was
full
of
them
.
The
Duke
pretended
he
went
to
present
himself
in
obedience
to
the
Process
had
been
issued
out
against
him
,
though
no
one
could
believe
he
went
in
such
a
posture
with
any
intent
of
submission
:
So
that
the
Parliament
advertiz'd
of
his
coming
with
so
great
a
Train
,
and
not
knowing
his
design
,
nor
to
what
his
passion
might
transport
him
,
suddenly
adjourn'd
,
retiring
every
man
his
own
way
before
their
usual
time
.
As
it
is
hard
to
govern
a
confus'd
,
and
unruly
multitude
,
a
sort
of
young
hair-brain'd
fellows
,
who
attended
the
Duke
,
offer'd
some
indignities
,
and
affronts
to
some
of
the
inferiour
Officers
of
the
Court
;
and
being
most
of
them
in
Boots
,
purposely
intangled
their
Spurs
in
the
Ushers
,
and
Proctors
Gowns
,
thinking
thereby
the
more
to
oblige
the
Duke
,
as
they
appear'd
more
sensible
of
his
offense
.
An
insolence
that
infinitely
aggravated
the
business
,
which
without
that
had
been
foul
enough
of
it self
.
A
great
complaint
whereof
was
made
against
the
Duke
,
as
responsible
for
all
that
hapned
at
the
Palace
,
every
one
believing
that
,
in
the
design
he
had
to
brave
the
Parliament
,
all
things
were
done
by
his
order
,
which
had
pass'd
in
his
presence
.
If
the
Duke
had
manifested
a
resentment
of
the
injury
he
had
receiv'd
from
the
Parliament
,
the
Parliament
express'd
no
less
for
what
the
Duke
had
done
to
the
contempt
of
their
Dignity
;
yet
did
they
make
no
complaint
thereof
to
the
King
;
but
remaining
in
a
profound
silence
(
the
truest
sign
of
a
violent
affliction
)
order'd
a
cessation
of
Justice
,
with
a
determinate
resolution
never
to
meet
again
,
till
first
a
publick
and
solemn
reparation
should
be
made
.
This
business
,
proceeding
to
such
a
height
,
put
the
King
and
Queen
into
a
very
great
confusion
;
they
thought
it
neither
convenient
nor
safe
in
this
juncture
of
Affairs
,
which
seem'd
to
threaten
some
sudden
mischief
,
to
disoblige
the
Duke
of
Espernon
;
neither
did
they
think
it
an
easie
matter
to
perswade
him
to
pay
the
Parliament
any
great
submissions
;
who
,
on
the
other
side
,
would
in
such
a
case
as
this
accept
of
no
ordinary
satisfaction
.
At
last
the
King
sent
the
Duke
de
Vantadour
to
the
Palace
,
to
tell
the
Parliament
from
him
,
That
by
their
Body
his
person
being
represented
,
all
the
injury
they
pretended
to
have
receiv'd
from
the
Duke
of
Espernon
reflected
immediately
upon
him
:
That
his
Majesty
also
took
it
to
himself
,
to
whom
it
did
belong
,
to
vindicate
his
own
Honour
,
which
he
should
be
sufficiently
able
to
do
without
any
necessity
upon
them
of
espousing
his
Quarrel
:
but
that
because
the
business
had
made
some
noise
,
that
might
perhaps
have
given
some
offense
to
the
publick
,
he
therefore
desir'd
they
should
receive
a
publick
satisfaction
,
and
such
a
one
as
should
satisfie
the
world
of
the
great
respect
he
had
to
Justice
.
That
in
order
thereunto
it
was
his
pleasure
the
Prisoner
should
be
return'd
to
the
same
place
from
whence
he
had
been
taken
,
and
by
the
same
person
by
whom
he
had
been
fetch'd
away
;
and
as
for
what
concern'd
the
Duke
,
who
protested
he
had
no
intention
to
offend
the
Parliament
in
what
he
had
done
,
he
should
be
desir'd
in
his
own
person
to
make
the
same
protestation
before
them
.
Things
being
thus
order'd
,
the
Duke
of
Espernon
the
nine
and
twentieth
of
the
same
month
went
to
the
Palace
;
when
,
though
with
no
extraordinary
Train
about
his
person
,
so
many
nevertheless
of
his
Friends
had
convey'd
themselves
into
the
Palace
,
as
were
sufficient
to
make
head
against
his
Enemies
,
should
they
,
by
taking
advantage
of
the
place
,
or
by
pretending
to
do
a
right
to
the
Assembly
,
have
attempted
any
thing
against
him
.
Being
come
into
the
great
Chamber
,
and
having
taken
his
accustomed
seat
,
he
,
speaking
with
his
hat
on
,
in
few
words
Remonstrated
:
That
having
never
had
other
intent
,
than
to
pay
all
due
respect
to
an
Assembly
in
which
he
had
had
the
honour
for
many
years
to
have
some
place
,
he
could
not
but
admire
they
should
interpret
what
was
an
effect
of
that
due
honour
and
respect
,
for
a
premeditated
offense
:
That
he
was
not
altogether
so
unthrifty
of
his
own
Interest
,
as
to
offer
an
injury
to
them
,
which
he
could
not
but
know
would
rebound
upon
himself
:
That
he
had
,
for
two
and
thirty
years
past
,
been
a
Member
of
that
Honourable
Body
;
during
all
which
time
there
had
not
been
perhaps
a
man
of
his
condition
,
more
passionate
for
their
Service
,
than
himself
in
the
Kingdom
:
That
he
had
set
down
amongst
the
good
fortunes
of
his
life
,
the
opportunity
he
had
happily
met
withal
of
expressing
his
good
Affection
to
the
Dignity
of
that
Assembly
,
when
after
the
death
of
Henry
the
Great
,
of
Glorious
Memory
,
he
had
first
advis'd
them
to
make
use
of
their
own
Authority
in
providing
for
the
Regency
of
the
Kingdom
:
That
he
had
tendred
them
his
Service
upon
that
occasion
,
which
had
not
been
altogether
ineffectual
to
the
putting
them
in
possession
of
a
priviledge
which
would
doubtless
be
taken
notice
of
in
ages
yet
to
come
:
That
if
any
indiscreet
persons
had
made
use
of
his
name
,
either
for
the
pretense
of
their
insolencies
,
or
in
the
prosecution
of
their
own
private
revenge
,
he
seriously
demanded
their
Justice
,
as
the
person
most
concern'd
in
the
offense
:
That
he
very
well
knew
his
enemies
would
lay
hold
of
that
occasion
,
to
make
him
appear
in
all
the
fault
;
but
that
he
did
humbly
beseech
them
to
judge
more
favourably
of
his
intentions
,
and
that
all
things
past
might
be
forgot
(
concluding
his
speech
with
these
very
words
)
That
he
di●
intreat
to
be
excus'd
,
if
in
a
rude
and
unpolish'd
discourse
,
he
had
not
given
that
satisfaction
he
could
have
wish'd
to
their
Learned
Ears
,
who
having
been
all
his
life
a
Captain
of
Foot
,
had
ever
made
it
more
his
study
to
do
,
than
to
speak
well
.
To
which
the
first
President
Verdun
,
after
having
gather'd
the
Votes
of
the
Assembly
,
return'd
this
Answer
:
That
since
the
King
was
graciously
pleas'd
to
incline
more
to
Clemency
than
Rigour
,
the
Court
by
his
Majesties
express
Command
,
and
in
consideration
of
his
many
brave
Services
,
as
also
willing
to
make
the
best
interpretation
of
what
had
pass'd
,
accepted
of
his
excuse
;
hoping
thereby
for
the
future
,
to
engage
both
himself
and
his
Sons
to
pay
those
Services
to
the
King
and
Kingdom
to
which
they
were
in
gratitude
oblig'd
;
and
to
that
Court
the
Honour
and
respect
was
due
unto
them
.
Of
which
he
never
after
fail'd
;
neither
at
the
hour
of
his
death
,
was
there
any
person
of
his
condition
in
the
Kingdom
,
who
had
more
friends
than
he
in
that
honourable
Assembly
,
nor
that
had
more
reason
upon
several
occasions
to
magnifie
their
Justice
.
The
end
of
the
Sixth
Book
.
THE
HISTORY
Of
the
LIFE
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
The
Seventh
Book
.
SOon
after
the
forementioned
dispute
betwixt
the
Parliament
,
Anno
1615.
and
the
Duke
,
the
Assembly
of
Estates
broke
up
;
which
,
instead
of
the
happy
Reformation
was
expected
to
ensue
,
was
immediately
follow'd
by
a
War
;
upon
which
the
Council
(
after
having
long
waver'd
in
the
uncertainty
of
the
Peace
so
lately
and
so
dearly
bought
)
saw
it
necessary
at
last
to
resolve
.
The
Commotion
of
the
Princes
to
hinder
the
Marriage
with
Spain
.
The
discontents
of
the
Prince
of
Condé
was
again
the
cause
of
this
,
as
it
had
been
of
the
late
Commotion
;
and
those
discontents
again
founded
upon
the
greatness
of
Conchini
,
now
advanc'd
to
the
honour
of
Mareschal
of
France
.
The
Mareschal
therefore
finding
the
Prince
had
conceiv'd
an
implacable
animosity
against
him
,
and
very
well
foreseeing
,
that
unless
he
freed
himself
from
the
difficulties
he
would
eternally
strew
in
his
way
,
he
could
never
raise
himself
to
that
pitch
of
greatness
,
to
which
he
did
aspire
;
he
resolv'd
to
come
to
a
publick
Rupture
with
him
,
and
to
remove
him
from
the
King's
Presence
by
a
War
that
should
for
a
sufficient
time
secure
himself
from
those
obstacles
he
was
otherwise
certain
to
receive
from
so
powerful
an
Enemy
.
The
Prince
was
already
retir'd
in
great
discontent
from
Court
;
having
as
before
,
taken
the
way
of
Champagne
,
that
he
might
be
near
Sedan
,
his
surest
refuge
,
should
he
be
overmatch'd
by
the
Royal
Power
:
where
after
Conchini
had
long
amus'd
him
with
the
hope
of
some
advantageou●
Accommodation
he
at
one
blow
cut
him
off
that
expectation
,
by
causing
a
Summons
to
be
sent
him
to
be
in
readiness
to
attend
the
King
in
his
Progress
into
Guienne
,
whither
his
Majesty
was
resolv'd
shortly
to
take
a
Journey
for
the
consummation
of
his
Marriage
;
an
Affair
that
having
ever
been
oppos'd
by
the
Prince
,
he
very
well
understood
the
meaning
of
that
Summons
,
and
now
plainly
saw
how
he
was
to
trust
in
the
strength
of
his
own
Arms.
He
had
ever
since
the
last
breach
been
so
solicitous
to
continue
his
intelligence
,
and
to
maintain
the
League
he
had
contracted
with
the
Lords
of
his
Party
the
precedent
year
,
that
it
was
no
hard
matter
for
him
to
engage
them
in
this
n●w
Quarrel
:
the
Dukes
of
Longu●ville
,
Mayenne
,
Vendosme
,
and
Nevers
declar'd
highly
in
his
favour
,
and
the
Duke
of
Boüillon
(
whose
interest
carried
the
whole
Hugonot
Faction
along
with
it
)
did
the
same
;
so
that
all
things
were
apparently
dispos'd
for
an
intestine
War
,
in
all
the
best
Provinces
of
the
Kingdom
.
So
many
discontented
persons
,
and
those
so
considerable
in
themselves
,
put
the
Court
into
no
little
disorder
;
the
Kings
Journey
in
order
to
his
Marriage
had
been
resolv'd
upon
,
and
the
time
with
the
Spanish
Agents
concluded
;
which
was
every
where
so
publickly
known
,
that
the
Honour
of
the
King
and
the
Queen
Mother
was
not
a
little
concern'd
in
the
consummation
of
a
thing
,
to
which
they
were
so
solemnly
engag'd
:
but
there
was
scarce
any
who
durst
undertake
to
overcome
the
difficulties
were
prepar'd
to
hinder
that
great
Affair
.
For
after
the
retirement
of
all
the
forenam'd
Princes
,
there
was
not
any
remain'd
at
Court
,
except
the
Dukes
of
Guise
and
Espernon
,
who
were
capable
of
serving
the
King
in
so
dangerous
an
occasion
;
and
of
these
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
though
in
shew
well
enough
with
the
Queen
,
stood
nevertheless
so
suspected
to
her
,
that
she
durst
not
trust
an
Army
in
his
hands
,
lest
by
joyning
with
the
discontented
Princes
(
whereof
the
greater
part
were
his
Kindred
,
or
nearly
ally'd
to
him
)
his
Majesties
Person
might
be
left
wholly
to
their
discretion
;
and
although
she
had
not
the
same
jealousie
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
(
no
body
doubting
his
Fidelity
)
yet
could
not
that
command
be
conferr'd
upon
him
,
without
giving
offense
to
the
Duke
of
Guise
.
In
this
anxiety
then
how
she
might
satisfie
them
both
,
the
Duke
of
Espernon
went
one
day
to
attend
the
Queen
,
where
he
made
it
his
humble
request
to
her
Majesty
,
The
Du●e
of
Espernon's
Service
upon
this
occasion
.
she
would
not
in
the
least
consider
his
particular
satisfaction
in
this
occurrence
:
Telling
her
he
should
ever
be
very
well
satisfied
,
provided
their
Majesties
were
serv'd
as
they
ought
to
be
:
That
he
did
hope
they
would
,
and
that
he
was
doing
something
in
order
to
securing
their
Journey
so
far
as
Bordeaux
;
wherein
he
nevertheless
pretended
to
no
other
Command
,
than
barely
to
ride
in
the
head
of
those
Friends
,
which
he
should
make
ready
for
that
Service
:
That
perhaps
a
greater
Authority
might
give
distaste
to
some
,
who
at
this
time
were
by
no
means
to
be
disoblig'd
:
That
for
what
concern'd
the
Princes
,
a
good
Army
interpos'd
betwixt
them
,
and
Paris
,
under
the
command
of
some
man
of
Quality
and
Experience
would
be
sufficient
:
and
that
for
any
thing
could
be
apprehended
from
those
of
the
Religion
,
whose
greatest
strength
were
in
Poitou
,
Xaintongue
,
and
Rochelle
upon
the
way
to
Bordeaux
,
he
himself
would
undertake
;
his
Governments
in
those
parts
giving
him
sufficient
power
so
to
do
.
The
Queen
Mother
,
by
this
assurance
being
confirm'd
in
her
first
design
,
●
told
the
Duke
that
she
absolutely
resign'd
the
King's
Person
,
and
her
own
to
his
care
and
protection
;
that
she
therefore
desir'd
him
to
order
all
things
,
as
should
seem
to
him
the
most
convenient
,
as
she
absolutely
left
them
to
his
Valour
and
Wisdom
:
A
Commission
the
Duke
had
no
sooner
receiv'd
,
but
that
seeing
himself
authorized
so
to
do
,
he
caus'd
the
King's
departure
the
seventeenth
of
August
to
be
proclaim'd
,
perswading
the
Queen
to
confer
the
Command
of
the
Army
which
was
to
attend
the
Princes
motion
upon
the
Mareschal
de
Bois-Dauphin
;
advising
her
Majesty
further
,
and
in
the
first
place
to
provide
for
the
security
of
Paris
,
that
the
Princes
Servants
,
who
had
great
Authority
in
the
City
,
might
raise
no
commotion
there
in
their
Majesties
absence
.
After
therefore
that
had
been
taken
order
for
,
by
the
securing
of
some
eminent
and
suspected
persons
,
the
Court
departed
from
Paris
,
happily
arriving
in
a
few
days
at
Poictiers
:
and
had
not
Madam
the
King's
Sister
fallen
sick
of
the
Small
Pox
delayed
their
Journey
,
their
Majesties
had
been
upon
their
return
before
the
Princes
could
have
got
their
Forces
together
;
but
that
unhappy
accident
,
having
constrain'd
them
to
stay
near
two
months
at
Poictiers
,
gave
their
Enemies
leisure
to
put
them
into
great
apprehensions
:
which
was
also
the
only
harm
they
received
from
this
insurrection
.
At
the
same
City
of
Poictiers
there
hapned
another
disorder
at
this
time
,
wherein
had
not
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
who
was
principally
concern'd
in
the
Affair
,
rendred
himself
unusually
tractable
,
another
obstacle
to
that
Progress
had
infallibly
ensu'd
.
The
Duke
of
Guise
,
from
the
time
of
his
Marriage
with
the
Dutchess
of
Montpensier
,
had
pretended
to
the
Wardship
of
Madamoiselle
her
Daughter
;
who
was
Inheritrix
to
such
a
Fortune
,
as
might
reasonably
induce
any
man
to
covet
the
management
of
so
brave
an
Estate
,
which
nevertheless
he
could
not
obtain
,
without
the
consent
of
the
Duke
who
was
great
Uncle
to
the
young
Princess
:
and
he
,
having
very
good
reason
to
believe
the
Duke
of
Guise
did
in
this
claim
,
more
consider
his
own
interest
,
than
that
of
the
Dutchess
of
Montpensier
his
Niece
,
would
never
gratifie
him
in
that
particular
.
But
the
Duke
of
Guise
conceiving
his
Service
to
be
altogether
necessary
at
this
time
,
took
this
opportunity
to
importune
the
Queen
,
either
to
cause
the
Duke
of
Espernon
to
satisfie
him
in
this
point
,
or
to
give
him
leave
to
retire
.
Whereupon
the
Queen
spoke
of
it
to
the
Duke
,
whom
she
found
very
averse
to
any
such
motion
;
he
humbly
entreating
her
Majesty
to
dispose
absolutely
of
all
his
own
concerns
,
but
not
to
command
him
to
neglect
his
Nieces
interests
:
though
in
the
end
,
the
Queen
,
who
could
promise
to
her self
no
good
issue
of
that
Journey
,
without
a
good
intelligence
betwixt
these
two
great
persons
,
so
far
prevail'd
upon
the
Duke
,
that
he
was
content
to
satisfie
the
Duke
of
Guise
;
by
which
means
their
friendship
upon
the
point
for
ever
to
be
dissolv'd
,
upon
this
little
occasion
,
grew
greater
and
more
firm
than
ever
.
As
it
had
been
no
hard
matter
to
foresee
how
advantageous
the
long
Sickness
of
Madam
,
and
their
Majesties
stay
at
Poictiers
would
be
to
the
designs
of
those
of
the
Religion
,
and
others
who
were
engag'd
in
the
Princes
Quarrel
:
So
had
the
Duke
of
Espernon
omitted
nothing
that
might
any
way
serve
to
divert
the
dangerous
effects
of
that
untoward
accident
.
And
herein
he
had
been
especially
solicitous
to
put
his
Governments
of
Xaintonge
,
and
Angoumois
into
a
posture
fit
for
his
Majesties
Service
,
upon
that
the
security
of
that
Voyage
chiefly
depending
.
To
this
purpose
therefore
he
had
sent
thither
the
Duke
of
Candale
,
his
eldest
Son
(
already
establish'd
in
the
succession
of
those
Governments
)
to
keep
them
in
Obedience
:
Nevertheless
what
he
did
for
so
good
an
end
,
succeeded
otherwise
than
he
expected
,
news
being
brought
him
,
that
this
Son
had
entertain'd
resolutions
much
contrary
to
his
own
,
and
having
suffer'd
himself
to
be
misled
by
certain
ungovern'd
passions
,
was
fall'n
off
from
his
duty
to
embrace
new
Counsels
,
and
to
follow
new
Designs
.
Whether
it
were
the
sense
of
this
miscarriage
in
his
Son
(
which
also
occasion'd
a
new
,
and
a
wider
breach
betwixt
them
)
or
the
apprehension
of
being
by
this
means
made
incapable
of
performing
his
word
with
the
King
and
Queen
,
that
put
his
mind
into
that
disorder
whereinto
he
soon
after
fell
;
so
it
was
that
he
fell
sick
of
so
violent
a
grief
,
as
every
one
expected
would
carry
him
to
his
grave
.
Things
nevertheless
succeeded
in
his
Government
according
to
what
he
had
undertaken
;
their
Majesties
after
the
recovery
of
Madam
,
having
left
Poictiers
,
proceeded
in
great
security
to
Angoulesme
;
neither
there
,
nor
in
any
other
place
throughout
the
whole
Journey
meeting
with
any
impediment
at
all
.
But
the
Duke
wounded
to
the
soul
with
the
violent
sorrow●
of
his
Sons
untoward
carriage
was
now
no
longer
able
to
bear
it
out
;
but
having
convey'd
their
Majesties
to
the
utmost
bounds
of
his
Government
(
that
is
to
say
out
of
all
danger
,
they
there
entring
upon
Guienne
,
where
the
way
was
clear
to
Bordeaux
)
fell
suddenly
into
so
great
a
weakness
,
that
he
was
carried
back
for
dead
to
Angoulesme
:
The
Duke
of
Espernon
falls
desperately
sick
.
He
lay
above
forty
hours
(
a
very
extraordinary
thing
)
without
speech
,
pulse
,
or
any
kind
of
motion
;
insomuch
that
not
a
person
about
him
,
but
concluded
him
absolutely
dead
:
but
at
last
his
Spirits
,
which
had
been
so
long
overcome
with
grief
,
and
his
strength
weakned
by
a
very
long
abstinen●e
,
being
stirr'd
up
by
a
glass
of
Water
(
his
ordinary
and
best
Remedy
,
and
which
he
ever
made
use
of
in
all
distempers
)
he
began
a
little
to
come
to
himself
,
with
so
great
an
astonishment
nevertheless
,
that
he
continued
a
great
while
without
any
kind
of
knowledge
;
his
sighs
,
which
were
the
issue
of
his
grief
,
being
the
only
evidence
almost
he
gave
that
he
was
yet
alive
.
Yet
could
he
not
,
in
this
great
and
total
neglect
of
himself
,
forget
the
care
of
his
Masters
Affairs
,
he
being
no
sooner
return'd
to
a
new
life
,
but
that
he
dispatch'd
away
the
Marquis
de
la
Valette
,
who
had
continued
about
him
,
during
his
Sickness
,
to
attend
the
King
,
and
Queen
;
that
the
Friends
he
had
engag'd
in
this
Voyage
,
having
himself
as
it
were
present
with
them
,
in
the
person
of
so
dear
a
part
of
himself
,
might
continue
more
diligent
in
their
duty
.
The
Duke
had
the
honour
,
during
this
Sickness
,
to
be
visited
by
several
persons
sent
purposely
by
the
King
and
Queen
to
see
him
,
by
whom
he
receiv'd
very
obliging
Letters
,
under
their
Majesties
own
hands
;
and
when
something
recover'd
,
others
of
the
same
stile
and
kindness
.
Mounsieur
de
Villeroy
also
,
after
their
old
animosities
,
being
become
his
very
great
friend
,
writ
very
often
to
him
;
wherein
he
still
gave
him
an
accompt
of
all
Affairs
,
conjuring
him
to
make
all
the
haste
he
could
to
Court
,
where
he
said
his
Presence
and
Service
was
never
more
necessary
than
at
this
time
.
Two
of
which
Letters
I
have
seen
,
bearing
date
the
twentieth
,
and
four
and
twentieth
,
of
October
1615.
Not
that
the
Duke
was
nevertheless
upon
so
good
terms
at
Court
,
as
he
had
formerly
been
:
neither
did
those
Letters
imply
any
such
thing
,
it
being
hardly
to
be
expected
he
could
be
in
any
eminent
degree
of
favour
with
the
Queen
Mother
(
upon
whom
,
at
that
time
,
all
things
depended
)
being
out
with
the
Mareschal
d'
Encre
,
whose
Wife
had
so
strange
an
ascendent
over
her
Majesties
inclinations
;
but
that
his
Service
could
,
in
this
juncture
,
by
no
means
be
spar'd
:
neither
did
he
,
how
evidently
soever
he
saw
his
favour
decline
,
fail
,
out
of
that
consideration
,
in
any
part
of
his
Duty
,
being
resolute
rather
to
perish
,
than
that
their
Majesties
should
suffer
the
least
inconvenience
.
So
soon
therefore
as
he
was
able
to
Travel
,
he
went
to
Bordeaux
,
where
he
arriv'd
the
twelfth
day
of
November
,
and
a
few
days
after
attended
the
King
to
Castres
,
a
little
Village
upon
the
great
Road
from
Bayonne
to
that
City
;
where
the
King
would
t●e
first
time
see
the
Queen
his
Spouse
,
and
where
the
Duke
,
who
was
very
perfect
in
the
Spanish
Tongue
,
had
the
honour
to
entertain
her
at
the
Boot
of
her
Coach
,
whilst
his
Majesty
,
in
a
crowd
of
some
young
Lords
and
Gentlemen
on
Horseback
pass'd
by
incognito
to
view
her
.
The
young
Queen
,
Queen
Anne
of
Austria
arrives
at
Bordeaux
.
arriving
at
Bordeaux
the
25th
.
of
November
,
found
the
Court
in
a
very
great
Alarm
at
the
news
of
the
Princes
being
advanc'd
on
this
side
the
River
Loire
;
whose
Forces
being
by
this
time
united
,
and
moreover
re●inforc'd
with
some
Forein
Troops
,
were
likely
to
make
their
Majesties
return
to
Paris
very
difficult
,
and
dangerous
.
An
occasion
wherein
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
Services
were
again
of
very
great
moment
,
who
,
during
his
abode
at
Angoulesme
,
after
his
recovery
,
had
made
many
Levies
,
which
were
all
ready
at
Ville-Bois
;
a
recruit
that
consisting
of
5000.
Foot
,
and
400.
Light
Horse
,
and
joyn'd
to
the
Forces
their
Majesties
already
had
,
absolutely
secur'd
their
return
through
the
Countries
of
Xaintonge
,
and
Poictou
,
possess'd
by
those
of
the
Religion
,
and
without
any
difficulty
made
good
their
way
to
Poictiers
,
and
so
to
Tours
,
notwithstanding
whatever
the
Princes
could
do
to
oppose
them
.
In
this
return
of
the
King
to
Paris
,
the
Duke
of
Guise
was
made
General
of
the
Army
,
which
had
hitherto
serv'd
under
the
Mareschal
de
Bois-Dauphin
,
and
the
Duke
of
Espernon
had
also
the
absolute
Authority
of
their
Majesties
Conduct
conferr'd
upon
him
;
who
,
for
fear
of
distasting
the
Duke
of
Guise
would
never
till
then
pretend
to
any
command
:
an
undertaking
wherein
he
so
acquitted
himself
,
as
might
give
him
reasonable
expectation
of
a
grateful
return
:
But
who
can
promise
to
himself
any
fruits
of
his
services
,
especially
at
Court
,
where
the
best
are
usually
rewarded
with
hatred
,
or
envy
?
nor
had
the
Duke
's
a
better
acknowledgment
,
when
having
perform'd
all
that
could
be
expected
from
a
Loyal
Subject
,
and
a
brave
Gentleman
,
and
that
their
Majesties
by
his
vigilancy
and
valour
were
once
settled
in
safety
,
there
was
nothing
more
thought
of
,
than
how
to
revenge
the
Mareschal
d'
Encre
,
even
at
the
price
of
so
good
,
and
so
faithful
a
Servant
.
The
first
evidence
the
Duke
met
withal
of
any
manifest
disgrace
,
The
beginning
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
disgrace
.
was
upon
the
occasion
of
a
vacancy
that
hapned
in
the
Company
of
la
Courbe
,
one
of
the
Captains
in
the
Regiment
of
Guards
:
a
Gentleman
that
having
serv'd
long
,
and
with
great
Reputation
in
that
Command
,
and
hapning
to
die
in
this
Journey
;
and
his
Son
a
young
and
hopeful
Cavalier
,
having
before
his
Fathers
death
been
admitted
Ensign
to
that
Company
,
the
Duke
,
who
had
been
a
great
lover
of
the
Father
(
whose
brave
and
late
Services
seem'd
likewise
to
plead
in
behalf
of
the
Son
)
had
mov'd
their
Majesties
in
his
Favour
,
that
that
Command
might
be
conferr'd
upon
him
.
Since
the
death
of
the
late
King
,
nor
of
long
before
,
had
the
Duke
ever
appear'd
zealous
in
any
request
he
had
not
,
without
any
great
difficulty
,
obtain'd
;
neither
had
he
less
,
but
more
reason
now
,
than
ever
to
expect
the
same
favour
,
his
recent
Services
having
been
of
that
importance
to
the
Kings
Affairs
:
all
which
nevertheless
being
either
not
regarded
,
or
forgot
;
and
the
design
had
before
been
concluded
to
disoblige
him
,
prevailing
above
the
merits
of
the
Father
,
the
pretenders
Right
,
and
the
Duke's
Interest
who
interceded
for
him
,
la
Besne
,
Lieutenant
to
the
same
Company
,
was
preferr'd
before
young
la
Courbe
,
how
displeas'd
soever
the
Duke
seem'd
to
be
at
that
Election
.
Yet
did
he
not
resent
this
ill
usage
so
high
as
to
leave
the
Court
,
satisfying
himself
at
present
with
manifesting
his
discontents
bymany
and
publick
complaints
,
though
in
vain
,
the
Court
now
no
more
caring
to
offend
him
:
but
on
the
contrary
taking
this
occasion
to
exclude
him
from
the
Council
,
where
his
candid
,
and
unbyass'd
opinions
did
nothing
relish
with
such
as
would
have
all
things
give
way
to
their
own
private
interests
(
and
doubtless
had
he
at
this
time
in
the
least
bandied
with
his
enemies
,
they
would
immediately
have
attempted
upon
his
person
)
that
the
Mareschal
d'
Encre
,
and
his
Wife
might
by
so
powerful
an
opposes
be
no
longer
travers'd
in
their
designs
.
The
Duke's
Affairs
were
in
this
posture
,
when
their
Majesties
having
first
recover'd
Poictiers
,
and
afterwards
Chastellerant
(
where
the
Peace
concluded
at
Loudun
was
sign'd
)
arriv'd
in
the
end
at
Tours
;
neither
did
the
Duke
there
fail
,
how
ill
soever
he
saw
himself
entertain'd
,
continually
to
pay
all
due
reverence
to
the
Queen
,
when
coming
one
day
into
her
Chamber
with
a
great
many
other
Lords
and
Gentlemen
,
one
of
the
beams
that
supported
the
floor
suddenly
broke
;
insomuch
that
all
that
side
of
the
Room
fell
down
with
a
sudden
ruine
,
overwhelming
all
those
that
stood
upon
it
,
to
their
exceeding
great
peril
.
Many
persons
of
very
eminent
quality
were
engag'd
in
the
danger
of
this
fall
,
amongst
whom
the
Count
de
Soissons
,
then
very
young
,
was
one
,
as
also
the
Duke
Bassompierre
,
The
Du●e
in
great
danger
.
Villeroy
,
and
some
others
:
The
Duke
being
always
very
well
attended
,
his
Servants
suddenly
leap'd
into
the
midst
of
the
ruines
,
to
relieve
him
,
where
,
though
himself
was
dangerously
engag'd
,
and
very
much
hurt
in
several
places
,
especially
in
one
shoulder
,
he
nevertheless
call'd
out
to
his
Friends
to
run
and
save
the
Count
,
himself
also
assisting
as
much
as
in
him
●ay
to
disingage
him
from
the
rubbish
,
and
to
put
him
out
of
danger
by
the
Window
of
a
low
Parlour
;
being
much
more
solicitous
of
this
Prince's
safety
than
his
own
:
who
,
being
by
his
own
,
and
his
Servants
diligence
secur'd
,
he
afterwards
disingag'd
himself
from
the
ruines
,
and
wounded
,
as
has
been
said
,
was
convey'd
to
his
own
Lodgings
.
The
Queen
Mother
,
who
,
by
good
fortune
had
escap'd
the
danger
(
that
part
of
the
Chamber
where
she
sate
,
being
supported
by
the
more
faithful
strength
of
the
other
Beam
that
remain'd
entire
)
sent
very
graciously
to
visit
all
the
persons
of
Quality
,
who
had
receiv'd
any
hurt
by
this
accident
,
the
Duke
only
(
who
was
design'd
for
the
worst
usage
)
excepted
.
It
is
not
to
be
doubted
,
but
that
the
Duke
must
needs
highly
resent
so
manifest
a
preterition
,
by
which
he
evidently
perceiv'd
they
intended
to
make
him
sensible
of
his
disgrace
;
so
that
fearing
,
should
he
continue
at
Court
after
so
clear
a
testimony
of
disfavour
,
something
of
a
ruder
nature
might
be
put
upon
him
,
he
forthwith
resolv'd
to
retire
himself
,
as
he
did
,
but
with
high
and
publick
complaints
of
the
injustice
was
done
him
,
and
of
the
unworthy
recompense
he
received
for
all
his
Service
.
He
spent
two
days
before
his
departure
in
visiting
,
and
taking
leave
of
his
friends
,
forbearing
nevertheless
that
Ceremony
to
all
he
conceiv'd
not
to
be
such
,
in
what
degree
of
favour
soever
they
might
be
at
Court
;
he
either
having
never
understood
,
or
having
never
been
willing
to
learn
those
mean
Court
Maxims
that
oblige
men
to
dissemble
their
resentments
,
and
to
give
thanks
for
injuries
receiv'd
:
declaring
on
the
contrary
to
all
the
world
,
that
he
went
away
with
the
dissatisfaction
an
honest
man
ought
to
have
for
the
loss
of
his
time
,
and
service
.
Notwithstanding
at
last
,
taking
his
leave
of
their
Majesties
,
he
was
by
the
King
and
Queen
very
civilly
dismist
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon
retires
from
Court
.
though
the
Queen
Mother
receiv'd
his
last
complements
with
the
usual
coldness
she
had
already
begun
to
discover
upon
several
occasions
.
After
this
manner
the
Duke
retir'd
back
to
Angoulesme
,
his
old
,
and
ordinary
refuge
,
in
all
his
disgraces
,
whilst
their
Majesties
continued
their
Journey
to
Paris
,
where
they
arriv'd
in
Iune
;
and
whither
the
Prince
of
Condé
also
(
imagining
he
had
by
the
Treaty
.
of
Loudon
establish'd
his
Affairs
in
so
sure
a
condition
,
that
it
was
not
in
the
power
of
event
to
work
any
alteration
to
his
disadvantage
)
came
presently
after
;
but
he
soon
found
that
nothing
is
more
unstable
,
than
a
power
,
how
great
soever
,
that
depends
meerly
upon
its
own
strength
,
the
sole
name
of
a
King
(
though
a
Child
,
and
the
publick
administration
managed
by
a
man
hateful
to
all
)
being
sufficient
to
arrest
him
in
the
very
arms
of
all
his
Confederates
,
The
Prince
of
Condé
confin'd
.
and
even
in
the
City
of
Paris
,
where
he
believ'd
his
person
,
through
the
affections
of
the
people
in
greater
security
,
than
in
any
other
place
of
the
Kingdom
.
All
the
Princes
,
and
Lords
,
not
only
those
then
present
at
Court
,
and
who
had
engag'd
with
the
Prince
in
the
late
commotions
,
but
also
all
the
rest
of
their
party
,
astonish'd
at
so
extraordinary
a
proceeding
,
and
believing
that
after
an
example
like
this
,
neither
respect
of
persons
,
nor
any
security
in
general
was
to
be
expected
,
they
suddenly
retir'd
from
Court
;
to
whom
the
rest
almost
as
suddenly
re-united
themselves
for
their
common
safety
.
The
Mareschal
,
who
thought
that
by
securing
the
Head
of
the
Faction
,
he
had
likewise
secur'd
himself
from
the
danger
of
the
rest
,
was
infinitely
surpriz'd
when
he
saw
them
now
united
in
more
formidable
numbers
than
before
,
and
that
the
Lords
of
the
House
of
Guise
also
absented
themselves
upon
this
occasion
;
wherein
nevertheless
he
had
this
hope
,
that
so
many
persons
of
equal
quality
would
not
long
agree
together
,
especially
if
press'd
home
by
the
Royal
Arms
:
An
opinion
that
made
him
resolve
to
set
immediately
such
Forces
on
foot
,
as
should
be
sufficient
to
encounter
,
and
suppress
them
in
several
places
at
once
.
Neither
did
he
care
to
reduce
any
by
Treaty
,
save
only
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
conceiving
an
Accommodation
with
him
would
be
more
easily
effected
,
than
with
any
of
the
other
,
by
how
much
he
had
ever
observ'd
a
greater
moderation
in
him
,
and
his
Brothers
towards
himself
,
than
the
rest
;
to
which
likewise
the
complacency
the
Duke
had
ever
manifested
for
the
Queen
in
other
occasions
,
gave
him
greater
assurance
of
a
flexibility
in
him
to
her
Majesties
desires
in
this
,
and
that
without
much
difficulty
a
good
intelligence
might
be
establish'd
betwixt
them
;
as
there
afterwards
was
,
the
Guises
,
having
receiv'd
caution
for
their
security
,
being
content
to
return
to
Court
.
This
little
negotiation
being
so
happily
dispatch'd
,
The
M●reschal
d'
Encre
takes
arms
against
the
,
Prince
of
Condé's
Par●●z●ns
.
the
Mareschal
immediately
betook
himself
to
Arms
,
and
so
vigorously
,
that
in
a
very
few
days
,
three
great
Armies
were
set
on
foot
,
whereof
one
was
sent
against
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
,
who
was
retir'd
to
Soissons
;
another
against
the
Duke
of
Nevers
in
Champagne
;
and
the
third
against
the
Dutchess
of
Nevers
,
who
with
a
generosity
(
something
extraordinary
in
her
delicate
Sex
)
was
resolute
to
defend
the
Dutchy
of
Nivernois
,
which
was
the
Inheritance
of
the
Duke
her
Husband
.
In
this
disorder
of
Affairs
,
Anno
1616.
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
apprehending
that
the
hatred
the
Mareschal
had
conceiv'd
against
him
,
was
no
less
than
that
he
manifested
against
the
rest
,
and
that
he
would
infallibly
fall
upon
him
,
so
soon
as
he
had
dispatch'd
with
them
,
he
had
no
mind
to
be
surpriz'd
,
nor
to
suffer
himself
tamely
to
be
oppress'd
;
considering
therefore
that
alone
he
should
not
long
be
able
to
resist
the
power
of
the
King
,
whose
name
his
enemy
had
usurp'd
in
all
his
Affairs
,
he
address'd
himself
to
the
Duke
of
Montmorency
,
to
engage
him
in
his
Quarrel
;
by
whose
mediation
he
made
no
doubt
to
draw
over
l'
Esdiguieres
also
.
The
Duke
knew
those
two
to
be
no
better
satisfied
with
the
present
Government
than
himself
;
who
,
although
they
were
not
openly
persecuted
as
he
was
,
yet
the
example
of
the
other
persons
of
the
same
condition
,
making
them
reasonably
to
apprehend
for
themselves
,
what
they
already
saw
others
suffer
;
he
doubted
not
,
but
that
without
much
difficulty
they
would
be
perswaded
to
embrace
the
union
;
neither
was
he
mistaken
herein
,
the
Duke
of
Montmorency
,
as
also
l'
Esdiguieres
,
absolutely
engaging
with
him
.
So
that
these
three
Confederates
,
having
opportunity
to
concur
in
the
work
,
through
the
mediation
,
and
by
the
assistance
of
several
powerful
friends
the
Duke
had
in
Guienne
,
nothing
could
hinder
them
from
uniting
,
in
so
necessary
a
defense
,
and
so
just
a
Quarrel
.
The
Duke
,
Anno
1617.
notwithstanding
he
had
thus
wisely
play'd
his
game
,
and
that
he
was
certain
to
receive
very
great
assistance
from
his
Confederates
,
did
nevertheless
very
well
understand
,
that
as
he
was
nearest
to
the
approaching
danger
,
so
it
would
be
very
necessary
for
him
to
put
himself
soonest
into
a
posture
of
defense
,
that
the
Mareschal
might
not
surprize
him
.
His
thoughts
therefore
were
fully
intent
upon
the
resolution
of
Arms
;
but
he
wanted
not
only
a
cause
,
but
even
a
pretense
to
colour
his
preparation
;
without
which
only
to
go
about
it
,
was
to
make
himself
Criminal
in
the
highest
degree
:
neither
(
the
Court
Minion
being
absolutely
his
enemy
)
could
he
reasonably
hope
,
either
for
a
Commission
from
thence
for
the
raising
of
men
in
the
King's
name
,
and
at
his
expense
;
or
so
much
as
to
be
permitted
to
do
it
at
his
own
charge
.
In
this
strait
and
anxiety
,
what
course
to
take
,
the
Rochellers
gave
him
as
fair
a
pretense
,
as
he
could
possibly
desire
,
to
do
that
under
the
vail
of
Duty
,
and
Obligation
,
which
he
could
not
otherwise
have
undertaken
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon's
pretense
for
the
taking
of
Arms.
without
incurring
the
highest
censure
.
They
had
at
this
time
surpriz'd
a
little
Castle
,
near
to
their
City
,
and
situate
upon
the
Sea-coast
,
call'd
Rochefort
;
an
enterprize
condemn'd
by
all
the
world
for
the
most
sensless
,
and
unadvis'd
,
that
could
possibly
have
been
undertaken
,
to
begin
a
War
by
an
action
of
so
little
importance
,
in
a
time
when
themselves
,
and
their
whole
party
were
priviledg'd
by
so
absolute
,
and
inviolate
a
Peace
.
The
Duke
,
who
had
been
at
so
great
a
loss
before
,
and
that
could
not
then
have
wish'd
for
a
more
specious
pretense
,
it
may
easily
be
imagin'd
was
very
ready
to
lay
hold
of
this
occasion
now
;
neither
did
he
fail
herein
to
aggravate
the
misdemeanour
to
the
height
:
but
repeating
all
the
Accusations
he
had
formerly
preferr'd
against
the
Ambition
,
and
Infidelity
of
those
of
the
Reformed
Religion
,
and
particularly
against
those
of
Rochelle
,
he
of
them
drew
up
a
kind
of
Manifesto
,
which
he
caus'd
to
be
publish'd
in
all
parts
of
the
Kingdom
.
In
this
Declaration
he
forgot
not
to
reckon
up
the
several
insurrections
those
of
that
Faction
had
broke
into
,
to
make
their
advantage
of
every
disorder
,
had
at
any
time
hapned
in
the
Kingdom
,
notwithstanding
all
satisfaction
had
been
given
them
by
the
inviolate
observation
of
●everal
Edicts
granted
in
their
favour
:
That
they
had
been
observ'd
for
many
years
to
call
together
Assemblies
in
Rochelle
,
without
either
his
Majesties
Order
,
or
Royal
Assent
;
from
which
such
unjust
and
unreasonable
Propositions
,
and
demands
were
usually
sent
to
the
King
,
as
made
it
appear
they
did
not
Treat
with
his
Majesty
in
the
quality
of
Subjects
,
but
like
Free-States
that
were
nothing
ally'd
to
his
Sovereign
Power
:
That
by
such
a
behaviour
it
was
plain
enough
,
the
City
was
arriv'd
to
the
utmost
degree
of
Licence
,
and
that
the
Rochellers
could
never
satisfie
their
Ambition
,
till
they
had
introduc'd
a
popular
Government
amongst
them
:
That
if
hitherto
his
Majesties
Council
had
(
contrary
to
his
Judgment
,
and
Advice
)
wink'd
at
the
progress
of
so
dangerous
a
design
;
that
nevertheless
he
,
to
whom
the
Government
of
their
City
was
entrusted
,
and
who
therefore
was
more
concern'd
,
than
any
other
to
keep
such
in
their
obedience
,
as
were
committed
to
his
care
,
was
resolv'd
to
chastise
their
insolence
;
which
he
nothing
doubted
,
but
by
the
assistance
of
his
own
friends
he
should
be
able
to
do
,
and
to
make
them
know
they
had
hitherto
been
only
strong
in
the
weakness
of
our
own
Counsels
.
This
had
in
truth
ever
been
his
saying
,
and
the
effects
made
it
appear
he
had
made
a
right
judgment
;
so
that
under
this
pretense
he
took
Arms
;
which
,
as
it
was
colour'd
by
a
design
that
immediately
pointed
at
his
Majesties
Service
,
so
did
he
not
scruple
to
make
use
of
the
King's
mony
in
the
Levies
he
made
upon
this
occasion
.
With
these
summes
,
though
very
small
,
and
some
mony
of
his
own
,
he
rais'd
four
Regiments
of
Foot
,
consisting
of
above
four
thousand
five
hundred
men
,
and
betwixt
five
and
six
hundred
Horse
;
to
which
were
added
sixscore
Guards
on
Horseback
in
his
own
Livery
:
a
force
,
which
though
not
very
considerable
for
their
number
,
were
yet
such
as
he
conceiv'd
sufficient
to
keep
the
Field
against
any
he
had
a
mind
to
offend
.
The
Rochellers
(
who
formerly
had
by
many
injuries
highly
incens'd
the
Duke
)
no
sooner
saw
him
resolv'd
,
and
ready
to
advance
in
a
posture
of
War
,
even
to
the
Gates
of
their
City
,
but
they
began
now
to
examine
their
Forces
,
which
they
had
not
so
well
consider'd
before
the
danger
,
and
which
the
more
they
examin'd
,
the
weaker
they
found
them
to
be
:
This
City
the
Capital
of
a
powerful
Faction
,
and
that
had
so
often
disputed
the
King's
Authority
,
enrich'd
by
an
extraordinary
Traffick
,
and
confederated
with
all
the
Protestant
Princes
of
Europe
,
finding
it self
in
so
weak
a
condition
,
that
it
could
not
in
this
necessity
muster
2000.
men
,
to
sally
out
of
their
Walls
;
utterly
without
Horse
,
or
the
least
assistance
from
any
of
their
Confederates
and
Friends
:
So
that
converting
their
usual
Rhodomantades
,
and
Menaces
into
the
most
submiss
terms
of
Humble
Supplication
,
addressing
themselves
by
their
Deputies
to
the
King
,
they
humbly
,
and
with
all
importunity
besought
his
Majesty
to
interpose
his
Royal
Authority
betwixt
the
Duke
of
Espernon
and
them
,
that
he
might
not
commence
a
War
against
them
.
Had
the
Rochellers
made
this
confession
of
their
weakness
at
another
time
,
it
would
doubtless
have
very
well
pleas'd
the
Council
;
and
't
is
likely
the
Duke
of
Espernon
would
have
been
countenanc'd
in
his
design
,
to
the
end
that
City
might
have
been
made
to
know
,
what
they
were
one
day
to
apprehend
from
their
Prince's
indignation
:
but
the
Mareschal
d'
Encre
unable
to
endure
that
his
Capital
Enemy
should
be
in
Arms
,
and
consequently
in
a
posture
fit
to
frustrate
the
design
he
had
long
projected
of
his
ruine
,
made
the
Council
resolve
to
dispatch
away
Boissize
,
one
of
the
Council
of
State
,
to
the
Duke
with
a
positive
command
to
lay
down
his
Arms.
Boissize
at
his
arrival
found
the
Duke
with
his
Forces
,
quarter'd
at
Surgeres
,
but
four
Leagues
only
distant
from
Rochelle
,
and
ready
to
march
up
to
the
City
;
neither
did
he
fail
with
all
the
Rhetorick
he
had
to
disswade
him
from
that
resolution
:
Representing
to
him
the
danger
of
what
he
was
about
,
lest
the
noise
of
the
enterprize
in
hand
should
alarm
the
whole
Hugonot
Party
,
whom
the
King
would
by
no
means
should
be
provok'd
;
and
in
which
case
,
of
a
particular
Quarrel
,
he
would
be
the
cause
of
a
general
War
.
With
which
commands
from
the
King
,
and
Queen
,
he
moreover
mix'd
menaces
of
their
highest
indignation
,
should
he
disobey
;
with
many
promises
on
the
contrary
of
all
satisfaction
from
the
Court
,
and
the
Rochellers
if
he
would
desist
;
all
which
,
wanting
force
to
divert
him
from
his
purpose
,
the
Duke
gave
order
in
the
presence
of
Boissize
to
sound
to
Horse
,
and
nettled
to
the
last
degree
,
at
the
difficulties
he
saw
strew'd
in
the
way
of
his
designs
,
march'd
directly
towards
Rochelle
.
Boissize
seeing
his
endeavours
altogether
ineffectual
,
and
that
the
Duke
was
obstinate
in
his
first
determination
,
after
having
highly
protested
against
his
proceeding
,
went
,
and
put
himself
into
the
Town
,
giving
the
Inhabitants
thereby
to
understand
,
that
their
Majesties
had
no
hand
in
the
Duke's
Enterprize
,
that
it
was
absolutely
contrary
to
their
order
,
and
that
therefore
they
were
at
full
liberty
to
arm
themselves
for
their
own
defense
.
But
this
consent
,
though
it
warranted
their
Arms
,
gave
them
nevertheless
no
other
power
,
so
that
they
were
to
suffer
whatever
the
Duke
was
pleas'd
to
inflict
upon
them
:
He
quarter'd
his
men
in
their
best
Farms
,
made
his
approaches
up
to
the
very
Gates
of
their
City
,
and
defeated
some
who
(
under
the
protection
of
their
Counterscape
)
attempted
to
oppose
him
;
till
in
the
end
,
after
having
maintain'd
his
Army
,
for
almost
a
month
,
at
their
charge
,
and
that
his
fury
was
a
little
abated
by
that
little
revenge
he
had
taken
in
some
inconveniencies
he
had
put
them
to
,
he
grew
more
flexible
to
a
new
Order
he
receiv'd
from
Court
,
and
was
at
last
content
to
let
them
alone
.
It
was
by
Vignoles
,
that
the
Duke
receiv'd
this
last
Command
,
a
man
for
many
years
,
well
known
,
and
highly
esteem'd
by
him
,
which
rendred
the
Duke
more
flexible
to
a
Treaty
with
him
,
than
the
other
;
from
whose
mouth
having
receiv'd
his
Majesties
pleasure
,
he
made
answer
;
That
having
now
made
a
discovery
to
the
whole
Kingdom
of
the
Rochellers
weakness
,
the
dis-union
of
their
Faction
,
and
with
how
much
ease
they
were
to
be
reclaim'd
when
ever
his
Majesty
should
think
fit
,
he
was
content
to
let
them
rest
in
peace
:
but
that
,
if
the
King
had
pleas'd
,
he
might
at
this
time
have
punish'd
their
insolence
,
as
it
was
in
his
power
easie
to
do
,
he
could
without
much
trouble
have
done
his
Majesty
a
very
important
Service
;
but
he
saw
(
to
his
great
affliction
)
his
Enemies
,
who
were
prevalent
with
his
Majesty
,
envy'd
him
the
honour
of
this
Action
;
but
that
he
must
however
give
place
to
their
malice
in
obedience
to
his
Royal
pleasure
,
though
in
a
thing
very
prejudicial
to
his
Majesties
own
peculiar
Interest
:
That
therefore
he
would
retire
so
soon
as
the
Rochellers
should
surrender
the
Castle
of
Rochefort
into
his
Majesties
hands
and
;
that
after
that
act
of
their
Obedience
,
having
no
other
particular
concern
,
he
had
nothing
more
to
desire
of
his
Majesty
for
his
own
private
satisfaction
,
than
that
his
Majesty
would
please
to
assert
,
and
avow
what
he
had
only
undertaken
for
his
Service
in
the
past
occasion
.
Which
being
accordingly
in
another
dispatch
brought
him
by
Vignoles
,
and
all
those
who
had
assisted
,
and
serv'd
him
in
this
occasion
compriz'd
,
he
rose
from
before
Rochelle
;
dismissing
his
Army
nevertheless
in
such
sort
that
most
of
the
Commanders
(
most
of
them
having
relation
to
him
)
might
be
ready
upon
the
least
warning
to
re-unite
in
the
same
equipage
as
before
.
What
the
Duke
had
express'd
to
Vignoles
of
his
discontents
by
word
of
mouth
,
did
not
nevertheless
save
him
the
labour
of
writing
to
Court
in
such
a
style
,
as
manifested
he
still
retain'd
the
honest
liberty
his
great
spirit
had
ever
suggested
to
him
,
during
the
Reigns
of
his
two
former
Masters
.
He
therefore
sent
a
Letter
to
the
King
,
in
the
beginning
whereof
having
excus'd
himself
in
that
he
had
not
paid
so
prompt
an
Obedience
to
their
Majesties
first
Orders
,
deliver'd
by
Boissize
,
and
given
reasons
for
it
,
that
directly
pointed
at
the
Honour
of
the
King
himself
,
which
as
he
said
he
conceiv'd
to
be
very
much
concern'd
in
the
business
of
Rochelle
,
he
continued
in
these
words
:
I
have
hitherto
,
Sir
,
preserv'd
my
Hands
clean
,
my
Conscience
uncorrupt
,
my
Reputation
entire
,
and
my
Fidelity
without
reproach
;
I
have
never
conspir'd
but
to
do
you
Service
,
neither
do
I
find
my self
guilty
of
the
least
thought
disconsonant
to
the
Duty
I
owe
to
your
Majesty
,
and
your
Crown
:
And
although
I
am
not
us'd
with
that
Equity
,
nor
rewarded
with
that
Gratitude
,
that
(
without
presumption
)
I
conceive
I
have
deserv'd
,
and
that
every
day
I
find
something
attempted
upon
my
Offices
,
by
the
diminution
,
and
cutting
off
their
just
,
and
lawful
priviledges
(
which
were
ever
preserv'd
inviolate
to
me
during
the
Reign
of
the
late
King
your
Father
)
yet
nothing
,
Sir
,
can
prevail
with
me
above
my
Duty
:
neither
is
there
any
so
ill
usage
,
nor
so
sensible
unkindness
,
that
can
hinder
me
from
persevering
to
do
well
,
being
resolv'd
to
the
last
hour
of
my
life
to
conquer
whatever
just
resentments
I
may
have
,
and
to
forget
all
those
injuries
,
for
which
I
can
obtain
no
satisfaction
,
but
at
the
publick
expense
.
A
resolution
,
Sir
,
in
which
I
am
infinitely
fortified
,
by
the
firm
belief
I
have
,
that
all
the
disgraces
I
receive
,
and
all
the
foul
play
is
continually
practis'd
against
me
,
proceed
from
no
dis-affection
your
Majesty
has
conceiv'd
against
my
person
.
I
know
,
Sir
,
that
being
naturally
quick
sighted
,
to
distinguish
betwixt
your
false
Servants
and
your
true
,
you
have
ever
honour'd
me
with
your
favour
:
But
I
have
this
obligation
to
those
who
are
enemies
to
your
Crown
,
that
they
have
,
upon
all
occasions
discover'd
themselves
to
be
particularly
so
to
me
;
and
have
endeavour'd
by
their
artifice
,
to
represent
things
otherwise
to
your
Majesty
,
than
they
really
are
,
to
restrain
the
liberty
of
your
own
Royal
disposition
,
from
obeying
the
natural
inclination
you
have
to
love
,
and
cherish
good
men
;
that
as
much
as
in
them
lies
,
they
may
alienate
your
Majesties
good
opinion
from
such
,
as
by
their
long
and
faithful
Services
have
deserv'd
the
best
room
in
your
heart
.
I
hope
,
Sir
,
nevertheless
,
that
truth
will
one
day
prevail
in
your
Royal
Breast
over
those
little
Arts
,
and
that
your
Majesty
will
then
be
pleas'd
to
distinguish
your
true
and
faithful
Servants
from
such
,
as
Authorized
by
your
Name
and
presence
,
oppress
your
People
,
invade
your
own
Authority
,
and
continually
disturb
your
Majesties
Peace
by
their
inordinate
and
unruly
Ambition
.
From
Surgere
the
25.
of
Feb.
1617.
I
have
the
rather
inserted
the
express
words
of
this
Letter
,
that
you
may
see
after
what
manner
the
Duke
took
his
disgrace
,
and
how
he
behav'd
himself
towards
his
Enemies
,
notwithstanding
they
carried
the
whole
favour
,
and
sway
of
the
Court
:
the
Marescbal
d'Encre
being
manifestly
pointed
at
in
this
dispatch
.
We
have
since
liv'd
in
a
time
,
when
to
speak
our
discontents
so
plain
,
and
loud
,
would
perhaps
have
been
out
of
season
:
but
in
that
wherein
the
Duke
writ
this
Letter
,
men
were
at
least
permitted
to
complain
;
and
oftentimes
those
complaints
procur'd
a
relief
,
to
such
,
as
like
the
Duke
,
had
the
spirit
,
and
power
to
accompany
those
complaints
,
with
the
effects
of
a
vigorous
resentment
.
After
this
manner
ended
the
Enterprize
of
Rochelle
,
which
gave
some
jeering
companions
of
that
party
,
occasion
to
say
,
for
a
piece
of
wit
,
whatd
'
Aubigne
has
recorded
since
,
That
the
Duke
of
Espernon
was
come
to
make
h●●
Entry
before
Roch●ll●
:
though
it
has
been
thought
this
entry
before
gave
the
King
from
that
time
forward
to
understand
,
it
might
also
be
made
within
,
and
that
the
Enterprize
was
not
above
his
power
to
effect
.
We
have
since
seen
him
bring
about
that
glorious
design
;
and
it
is
certain
that
this
action
brought
that
present
benefit
along
with
it
,
What
advantage
accru'd
to
the
King
,
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
Enterprize
upon
Roch●le
.
that
the
Council
ever
after
look'd
with
greater
contempt
upon
the
Hugonot
Party
,
and
the
strength
of
the
Rochellers
,
than
before
:
They
now
discover'd
the
weakness
of
these
by
the
dis-union
of
all
the
rest
,
and
from
thence
judg'd
aright
,
that
it
being
impossible
for
the
separate
Forces
of
this
Faction
without
great
difficu●y
suddenly
to
unite
for
their
common
defense
,
one
party
might
be
suppress'd
in
one
Province
,
before
any
of
the
rest
could
put
themselves
in
a
posture
in
another
to
relieve
them
.
This
opinion
(
that
in
the
sequel
prov'd
true
)
made
the
Council
the
bolder
by
their
Arrest
of
the
23
of
Iune
,
1617.
to
order
the
restitution
of
the
Church
Lands
in
Bearne
;
an
Affair
that
had
for
three
years
together
been
depending
in
the
Council
,
and
so
long
fruitlesly
solicited
by
the
Deputies
of
the
Clergy
of
France
.
Not
that
the
Council
did
not
conceive
it
very
just
,
but
they
look'd
upon
it
as
a
thing
so
highly
important
to
the
peace
of
the
Kingdom
,
that
they
durst
never
till
now
give
them
that
satisfaction
.
But
the
Duke's
Enterprize
cut
off
all
difficulties
,
by
which
the
Rochellers
having
been
constrain'd
publickly
to
confess
their
own
weakness
,
it
was
conceiv'd
the
King's
presence
would
have
as
much
Authority
in
Bearne
,
as
the
Duke
's
had
had
in
the
Country
of
Aunis
.
I
have
heard
several
persons
of
Quality
,
and
those
men
of
imployment
at
that
time
(
as
Mounsieur
de
Roussy
and
others
)
say
,
that
the
Service
the
Duke
did
the
Kingdom
in
this
very
occasion
,
was
never
duly
consider'd
,
he
having
thereby
first
discover'd
the
weakness
of
the
Hugonot
Party
,
and
perhaps
chalk'd
out
the
way
to
their
extirpation
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon
having
openly
declar'd
himself
an
enemy
to
the
Mar●schal
d'
Encre
,
and
already
made
some
preparation
in
order
to
〈◊〉
defense
of
his
Person
,
and
Fortune
,
many
persons
who
were
afraid
of
persecution
fled
to
him
,
settling
themselves
at
A●g●ulesme
under
his
protection
:
Amongst
whom
Bulion
,
at
that
time
a
Counsellor
of
State
,
and
since
Sur-Intendant
of
the
Finances
,
was
one
;
where
he
long
continued
in
the
Duke's
Family
,
and
who
ever
after
retain'd
a
grateful
memory
of
that
obligation
,
as
he
had
good
reason
to
do
,
the
Duke
receiving
him
into
his
Arms
in
so
critical
a
time
,
as
he
was
threatned
with
no
less
than
death
,
had
he
fall'n
into
the
Mareschal's
power
.
Guron
,
who
was
likewise
another
of
the
proscrib'd
,
with
many
others
,
came
to
seek
the
same
refuge
;
all
whom
the
Duke
made
no
difficulty
to
receive
into
his
protection
.
The
Duke
having
(
as
has
been
said
)
settled
the
Friends
he
had
in
his
Governments
in
such
a
readiness
,
as
upon
any
occasion
to
make
head
against
his
Enemy
,
took
a
Journey
into
Guienne
,
his
native
Country
,
in
that
great
Province
to
get
together
what
numbers
of
Friends
and
Souldiers
he
could
,
for
the
better
defense
of
his
Fortune
;
in
which
Voyage
he
increas'd
his
Forces
to
such
a
degree
,
that
being
all
joyn'd
together
,
they
were
able
to
make
up
a
Body
of
8000.
Foot
,
and
1200.
Horse
.
The
extremity
he
knew
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
to
be
reduc'd
unto
in
Soissons
,
and
the
Duke
of
Nevers
in
the
places
whereunto
he
had
retyr'd
,
made
him
very
well
see
,
that
the
Torrent
would
suddenly
break
in
upon
himself
:
notwithstanding
how
reasonable
soever
his
apprehensions
were
,
and
how
necessary
soever
to
put
himself
with
the
soonest
into
a
posture
of
defense
,
it
might
be
,
he
could
not
however
forbear
to
prefer
the
last
Duty
he
ow'd
to
a
good
,
and
vertuhus
Mother
,
before
his
own
particular
preseruation
.
This
Lady
having
been
dead
from
the
year
1610.
in
an
exceeding
old
age
,
and
lamented
by
the
Duke
,
as
if
she
had
been
more
immaturely
ravish'd
from
him
,
he
had
ever
had
a
great
desire
to
pay
her
memory
the
last
office
of
her
Obsequies
:
But
the
great
and
important
Affairs
,
which
had
detain'd
him
at
Court
having
hitherto
frustrated
that
pious
design
,
he
no
sooner
now
found
himself
in
this
little
interval
of
repose
,
The
Du
makes
a
great
Funeral
for
his
Mother
.
but
that
he
resolv'd
without
further
delay
to
satisfie
that
Obligation
:
Assembling
therefore
together
at
his
paternal
House
of
Caumont
above
300.
Gentlemen
of
Quality
of
his
Relations
and
Friends
,
he
there
by
a
magnificent
expense
,
manifested
his
gratitude
to
a
person
so
near
and
dear
unto
him
.
The
Ceremony
of
this
Funeral
was
no
sooner
perform'd
,
but
that
the
Duke
departed
from
Caumont
to
Bordeaux
,
and
from
thence
was
also
upon
the
point
to
return
into
Angoumois
,
there
to
draw
all
his
Forces
together
,
with
a
resolution
to
defend
himself
to
the
last
,
and
rather
to
die
with
his
Sword
in
his
hand
,
than
to
suffer
himself
tamely
to
be
oppress'd
;
when
by
le
Chalart
,
Secretary
to
the
Mareschal
de
Roquelaure
,
his
intimate
friend
,
he
receiv'd
intelligence
of
the
death
of
the
Mareschal
d'
Encre
.
The
death
of
the
Mareschal
d'
Encre
,
slain
by
a
shot
in
the
L●uvr●●
This
Mareschal's
death
hapned
the
24.
of
April
,
1617.
and
the
news
by
an
extraordinary
diligence
came
the
27.
to
the
Duke
;
which
how
welcome
it
was
to
a
man
who
saw
himself
deliver'd
from
so
powerful
and
so
implacable
an
Enemy
may
easily
be
imagin'd
.
He
had
very
well
foreseen
,
that
with
the
assistance
of
all
his
Confederates
and
friends
,
he
could
not
long
be
able
to
resist
the
Power
and
Authority
of
the
King
;
with
both
which
his
enemy
would
have
been
arm'd
against
him
:
and
on
the
other
side
,
the
King
himself
being
by
this
execution
become
,
as
it
were
,
the
revenger
of
his
particular
wrongs
,
all
his
past
actions
would
be
justified
in
the
exemplary
punishment
his
Majesty
had
inflicted
upon
the
person
of
Conchini
.
In
this
excess
of
joy
he
departed
from
Bordeaux
to
Angoulesme
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon
goes
to
Court
.
and
from
thence
soon
after
to
Court
,
there
to
make
a
new
tender
of
his
Fidelity
and
Obedience
to
the
King
,
and
to
try
in
this
new
face
of
Affairs
,
what
foundation
he
could
lay
to
his
own
future
peace
.
He
was
in
this
Journey
attended
by
his
two
younger
Sons
,
(
his
own
misfortune
,
and
miscarriages
having
banish'd
the
eldest
from
his
favour
,
and
presence
,
ever
since
his
Majesties
Voyage
to
Angoulesme
)
and
at
his
arrival
receiv'd
by
the
King
with
all
the
demonstration
of
favour
and
affection
,
he
could
possibly
expect
,
or
desire
:
to
which
Luines
the
new
Favourite
(
willing
to
be
supported
in
his
rising
greatness
by
so
powerful
a
friend
)
highly
sought
,
and
importun'd
his
friendship
,
which
also
by
some
good
Offices
he
endeavour'd
to
acquire
.
One
of
the
things
the
Duke
was
most
earnest
with
him
for
,
and
that
Luines
did
most
faithfully
promise
was
a
Cardinal's
Hat
for
the
Archbishop
of
Tholouse
his
youngest
Son
,
at
the
first
promotion
:
as
for
himself
he
was
at
the
very
first
restor'd
to
the
full
,
and
absolute
Function
of
all
his
employments
,
having
satisfaction
given
for
all
the
retrenchments
had
been
made
upon
his
offices
,
and
commands
,
or
any
of
their
perquisits
and
rights
,
and
in
fine
stood
in
a
very
good
degree
of
favour
.
Yet
did
not
this
continue
long
,
and
whether
it
were
the
too
prodigious
favour
of
Luines
,
(
grown
up
on
a
sudden
to
a
greater
height
,
than
that
of
the
Mareschal
d'
Encre
had
ever
been
)
that
stir'd
up
the
Duke
's
old
aversion
he
had
ever
had
for
Court
Mignions
;
or
that
his
own
private
emulators
,
by
their
ill
Offices
had
render'd
his
humour
suspected
to
Luines
:
but
the
Duke
soon
perceiv'd
him
to
be
quite
another
man
from
what
he
had
been
at
first
:
At
which
causless
alteration
,
being
highly
nettled
,
and
preferring
(
according
to
his
custom
)
a
free
,
and
profess'd
enmity
,
before
a
faint
,
and
dissembled
friendship
,
he
inveigh'd
publickly
,
and
highly
against
the
new
Favourite
;
by
which
means
,
and
by
cohering
with
other
persons
of
condition
,
no
better
satisfied
than
himself
with
Luine's
promotion
,
he
drew
upon
himself
alone
the
hatred
,
and
jealousie
that
ought
to
have
been
common
to
them
all
.
The
first
thing
the
Duke
de
Luines
did
to
disoblige
him
,
Anno
1618.
was
the
breaking
his
word
,
who
contrary
to
what
he
had
promis'd
,
and
made
him
expect
,
concerning
the
Cardinal's
Hat
in
favour
of
his
Son
,
A
Rupture
betwixt
the
Duke
of
Espernon
and
the
Duke
de
L●●nes
.
had
preferr'd
Mounsieur
de
Retts
Bishop
of
Paris
,
and
openly
assisted
him
in
the
pursuit
of
that
dignity
:
To
which
was
added
,
that
they
began
afresh
to
intrench
upon
his
command
of
Colonel
,
some
Foot
employments
having
been
dispos'd
without
the
Duke's
consent
;
by
which
being
further
exasperated
,
he
highly
complain'd
to
some
of
the
chief
Ministers
:
amongst
whom
Mounsieur
du
Vair
[
](A42794-e57690-b)*
*
Or
Lord
Keeper
.
Garde
des
Sceaux
,
one
of
the
greatest
Authority
,
having
given
him
no
satisfaction
,
but
on
the
contrary
new
matter
of
discontent
,
he
was
not
long
before
he
took
an
occasion
to
let
him
see
how
sensible
he
was
of
the
offense
.
It
was
upon
Easter-day
in
the
year
1618.
and
in
the
Church
of
St.
Germain
de
l'
Auxerrois
,
that
the
Duke
took
occasion
to
quarrel
with
him
.
The
Dukes
and
Peers
who
were
then
at
▪
Court
offended
at
the
place
the
Garde
des
Sceaux
du
Vair
▪
not
only
in
the
Council
,
but
also
in
all
other
both
publick
and
private
Assemblies
,
would
assume
above
them
,
had
generally
address'd
themselves
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
as
to
the
eldest
of
their
Order
,
to
interest
him
in
their
discontent
.
It
was
also
suspected
that
the
Chancellor
Syllery
,
(
ill
digesting
that
a
man
so
inferiour
to
him
in
Dignity
,
should
usurp
upon
him
in
State
)
was
willing
enough
to
promote
a
business
of
this
nature
against
him
;
and
that
being
upon
very
good
terms
(
as
he
had
ever
been
)
with
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
he
had
also
help'd
to
blow
the
fire
.
However
it
was
,
or
by
whose
suggestion
soever
it
first
came
into
the
Dukes
head
,
little
perswasion
would
serve
turn
to
make
him
passionately
undertake
a
business
,
wherein
he
conceiv'd
his
own
Honour
and
Dignity
to
be
so
much
concern'd
.
It
was
therefore
resolv'd
betwixt
the
Duke
of
Moutmorency
(
of
all
others
the
most
incens'd
against
du
Vair
)
the
Dukes
de
Monbazon
,
de
Retz
,
d'
Vsez
and
some
others
of
the
same
quality
,
that
he
should
be
affronted
upon
the
first
occasion
,
should
he
again
offer
to
take
place
above
them
.
Wherein
though
it
was
a
business
of
danger
enough
,
to
affront
a
Minister
so
powerful
by
the
favour
of
his
Prince
,
and
so
violent
in
his
own
nature
,
the
Duke
of
Espernon
nevertheless
made
no
difficulty
to
undertake
it
;
not
having
(
it
should
seem
)
consented
to
the
first
proposal
,
with
an
intent
to
leave
the
execution
of
it
to
any
other
,
than
himself
.
Upon
Easter
day
therefore
(
as
has
been
said
)
the
King
and
all
the
Court
being
in
Ceremony
at
Saint
Germain
de
l'
Auxerrois
,
and
the
Garde
des
Sceaux
having
,
according
to
his
custom
,
taken
his
place
above
all
the
Dukes
and
Peers
,
the
Duke
of
Espernon
violently
pull'd
him
from
his
seat
,
and
compell'd
him
to
retire
.
It
may
easily
be
suppos'd
an
action
of
this
kind
could
not
pass
without
some
untoward
language
;
neither
were
those
words
thrown
away
upon
a
man
insensible
of
offense
;
the
Garde
des
Sceaux
going
immediately
out
of
the
Church
,
and
expecting
with
great
impatience
the
end
of
the
Ceremony
,
that
he
might
complain
to
the
Duke
de
Luines
of
the
affront
he
had
receiv'd
:
Wherein
nevertheless
he
did
not
reflect
upon
what
had
pass'd
,
as
an
injury
meerly
respecting
his
own
person
,
But
as
a
Party
,
and
a
Faction
form'd
,
and
made
in
the
Court
,
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
who
had
seduc'd
all
the
Dukes
and
Peers
under
the
colour
of
an
imaginary
pretense
,
to
interest
them
in
his
own
private
discontents
:
That
this
ambitious
spirit
so
long
inur'd
to
Government
,
and
Command
,
thought
himself
depriv'd
of
his
lawful
possession
,
if
remov'd
from
the
absolute
sway
of
the
most
important
Affairs
:
That
it
was
through
the
sides
of
a
Garde
des
Sceaux
,
that
the
fortune
of
the
Favourite
was
levell'd
at
;
and
that
it
was
only
a
tryal
,
by
attempting
upon
his
creatures
,
what
opposition
they
were
to
expect
when
they
should
immediately
fall
upon
his
own
person
:
That
it
therefore
highly
imported
him
,
whilst
he
had
power
to
do
it
,
betimes
to
secure
an
enemy
,
that
would
not
spare
him
,
if
he
once
got
him
into
his
hands
.
An
advice
that
made
so
much
the
deeper
impression
upon
the
Duke
de
Luines
,
by
how
much
he
was
before
well
enough
satisfied
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
hatred
so
highly
manifested
,
by
what
he
had
publickly
declar'd
against
him
.
He
therefore
went
immediately
with
the
Garde
des
Sceaux
to
the
King
;
where
being
come
,
he
insisted
not
much
upon
the
scuffle
betwixt
the
Duke
and
du
Vair
,
endeavouring
on
the
contrary
all
he
could
to
disguise
that
action
from
looking
like
a
particular
Quarrel
;
but
qualified
it
with
the
name
of
the
most
impudent
and
audacious
practice
that
could
possibly
be
introduc'd
into
a
State
,
that
a
Duke
of
Espernon
in
the
face
,
and
presence
,
and
in
defiance
of
his
King
▪
should
dare
to
make
a
combination
with
persons
of
the
greatest
quality
in
the
Kingdom
,
to
affront
the
Royal
Authority
.
The
King
was
so
highly
incens'd
at
a
Remonstrance
preferr'd
to
him
by
two
persons
in
whom
he
had
so
entire
a
confidence
,
that
immediately
,
and
without
reserving
to
himself
so
much
as
the
liberty
to
consider
the
interest
he
himself
particularly
had
in
the
Duke
of
Espernons
ruine
,
or
to
call
to
memory
the
long
and
faithful
Services
he
had
paid
to
the
Crown
,
he
in
this
case
absolutely
resign'd
over
his
own
Authority
to
them
;
insomuch
that
at
that
very
time
(
●
't
is
said
)
it
was
r●solv'd
upon
to
arrest
him
.
Nothing
then
remain'd
but
a
fit
opportunity
to
effect
their
design
,
The
King
resolves
to
Arre●●
the
D●ke
of
Espernon
.
which
it
was
also●
requi●●te
should
be
such
,
as
might
seem
●o
warrant
the
success
of
the
Enterprize
,
it
being
very
unsafe
●o
offend
a
man
of
his
spirit
by
halves
;
who
having
power
,
places
,
friends
,
and
mony
to
improve
all
those
to
the
be●●
,
and
withal
a
very
high
discontent
upon
him
,
migh●
do
more
mi●chief
tha●
any
other
person
whatever
of
his
condition
in
●rance
To
which
may
be
added
that
from
the
time
of
his
dispute
with
Mou●●sieur
du
Vair
,
the
Dukes
and
Peers
at
Court
were
scarcely
ever
absent
from
him
,
especially
the
Duke
of
Montmo●●ncy
,
who
was
no
〈◊〉
dear
to
him
(
not
only
out
of
respect
to
the
alliance
betwixt
them
,
but
also
by
the
particular
love
he
bore
him
,
and
the
esteem
he
had
for
him
)
than
one
of
his
own
Children
,
was
inseparably
with
him
:
They
eat
,
went
to
Court
,
and
made
all
their
visits
together
,
the
Duke's
two
Sons
also
continually
attending
upon
him
;
so
that
it
was
no
easie
matter
to
attempt
four
persons
of
their
courage
(
and
who
were
not
without
many
Friends
,
and
Servants
of
great
Fidelity
and
Valour
to
serve
them
upon
all
occa●ions
)
at
once
.
To
all
which
,
the
Regiment
of
Guards
were
so
made
up
of
the
Duke's
Creatures
,
that
he
seem'd
to
be
stronger
in
the
King
's
own
Palace
than
at
home
:
to
avoid
all
which
difficulties
it
was
concluded
to
surround
him
by
night
in
his
own
House
,
and
to
seize
upon
his
Person
.
If
the
Duke
had
many
,
and
those
powerful
Adversaries
,
his
vertue
had
on
the
other
side
acquir'd
him
so
many
Friends
,
and
some
of
those
so
careful
of
him
upon
this
occasion
,
that
he
had
timely
notice
of
the
design
in
hand
,
some
say
by
the
Princess
of
County
,
others
by
the
Chancellor
de
Syll●ry
;
but
by
what
means
soev●r
it●
came
to
his
knowledge
,
upon
the
first
r●mou●
of
it
(
which
(
as
it
did
here
)
commonly
fore●runs
a
more
certain
intelligence
)
he
had
taken
a
resolution
to
withdraw
himself
,
to
defeat
the
effects
of
what
was
threatned
,
and
contriv'd
against
him
:
wherein
though
he
was
so
far
cautious
as
to
prevent
the
intended
mischief
;
yet
could
he
not
forbear
so
unseasonable
an
of●entation
of
the
little
fear
he
had
in
a
place
where
so
much
was
to
be
apprehended
;
as
doubtloss
prompted
his
enemies
sooner
to
push
l●ome
to
the
intended
business
.
He
was
for
five
or
six
days
together
continually
seen
riding
through
the
streets
of
Paris
with
so
extraordinary
a
Train
,
under
colour
of
taking
leave
of
several
of
his
friends
,
and
acquaintance
,
that
those
who
had
before
premeditated
his
ruine
,
interpreting
all
for
contumacy
,
and
done
on
purpose
to
brave
them
,
resolv'd
in
the
end
upon
a
positive
night
,
wherein
with
four
Companies
of
Swisse
to
surprize
him
in
his
own
house
,
and
to
carry
him
away
.
All
which
the
Duke
being
likewise
inform'd
of
from
so
good
a
hand
,
The
D●ke
of
Espernon
leaves
the
Court.
as
that
the
intelligence
was
no
ways
to
be
suspected
,
he
presently
put
himself
upon
his
preparation
,
to
make
his
best
use
of
that
advice
.
This
caution
therefore
being
sent
him
upon
the
sixth
of
May
at
night
,
and
the
surprizal
being
design'd
the
night
following
,
he
had
so
little
time
to
lose
,
that
he
immediately
dispers'd
Tickets
to
all
his
most
assured
Friends
,
and
Servants
to
be
in
a
readiness
by
break
of
day
to
mount
to
Horse
;
according
to
which
appointment
,
he
found
above
300
▪
ready
at
the
precise
hour
to
attend
him
,
who
after
having
convoy'd
him
to
his
House
of
Fontenay
in
Brie
(
where
they
conceiv'd
him
lodg'd
in
a
place
of
safety
)
most
of
them
retir'd
to
follow
their
own
affairs
.
This
retirement
of
the
Duke's
being
but
ten
little
Leagues
from
Paris
was
so
far
from
frustrating
the
design
of
his
surprize
,
that
on
the
contrary
it
made
the
bufiness
seem
more
likely
to
succeed
:
the
Duke
de
Luines
therefore
having
consider'd
,
that
in
this
solitude
he
would
have
far
fewer
friends
about
him
,
than
in
Paris
,
the
former
order
was
only
one
day
deferr'd
,
and
the
Swisse
commanded
to
march
away
the
day
following
,
being
the
8.
of
May
,
together
with
some
Brigades
of
Cuirassiers
,
and
Light-Horse
to
invest
Fontenay
.
But
the
same
persons
who
had
given
the
Duke
the
first
intelligence
,
being
no
less
vigilant
of
his
preservation
now
than
before
,
gave
him
also
as
seasonable
notice
of
this
,
as
of
the
other
design
;
giving
him
to
understand
that
his
danger
was
not
yet
over
,
and
that
it
concern'd
him
with
all
diligence
to
convey
his
person
into
some
place
of
greater
safety
:
Which
advice
having
made
the
Duke
resolve
to
get
again
to
Horse
,
so
soon
as
all
the
Family
had
sup'd
,
and
that
every
one
thought
of
retiring
to
his
rest
,
he
(
having
in
the
mean
time
with
great
secresie
provided
all
things
necessary
for
a
tedious
journy
)
commanded
his
Trumpets
to
sound
to
Horse
;
his
necessity
enforcing
him
so
to
do
at
that
unseasonable
hour
,
(
though
he
was
certain
to
undergo
all
the
inconveniencies
of
a
very
dark
,
The
Duke
takes
his
way
towards
Metz.
and
turbulent
night
)
to
get
clear
of
the
manifest
,
and
approaching
danger
;
at
that
time
therefore
he
set
out
towards
Metz
,
the
place
to
which
at
his
departure
from
Paris
he
had
taken
a
resolution
to
retire
.
By
break
of
day
the
Duke
,
and
all
his
company
,
arriv'd
at
Sezanne
in
Brie
,
where
both
himself
,
and
the
Horse
that
were
with
him
,
were
so
weary
,
the
rain
,
the
dirt
,
and
all
other
incommodities
of
an
ill
journy
having
equally
toil'd
out
,
and
dejected
horse
and
man
,
that
he
had
a
great
desire
,
and
very
great
need
there
to
stay
,
and
take
some
repose
;
though
his
Servants
,
conceiving
him
to
be
yet
in
danger
,
were
so
importunate
with
him
,
that
they
got
him
to
mount
again
,
making
him
to
continue
on
horseback
all
that
day
,
and
the
night
following
;
when
arriving
the
next
day
at
Montmirel
,
he
found
himself
so
weary
,
and
spent
,
with
riding
,
watching
,
and
the
indisposition
of
Age
,
which
now
began
to
grow
upon
him
,
that
he
was
ready
to
faint
;
but
being
laid
upon
a
bed
,
and
refresh'd
by
sleep
,
he
soon
found
himself
well
enough
to
proceed
in
his
journy
,
though
with
nothing
so
much
precipitation
as
before
.
Through
so
many
traverses
and
difficulties
it
was
,
that
the
Duke
of
Espernon
waded
to
the
foundation
of
the
most
glorious
Act
of
his
life
,
and
which
,
in
my
opinion
,
ought
to
be
plac'd
on
the
highest
Pyramis
of
his
Fame
;
I
mean
the
Queen
Mothers
escape
from
Blois
:
The
Treaty●
for
the
Queen
Mothers
escape
from
Bloi●
set
on
foo●
at
this
time
.
of
which
the
treaty
began
soon
after
the
Duke's
coming
to
Metz
,
where
he
arriv'd
about
the
20.
of
the
same
month
of
May
,
having
departed
the
6th
.
from
Paris
.
And
then
it
was
that
the
Duke
de
Luines
highly
,
and
openly
declar'd
himself
an
enemy
to
the
Duke
,
giving
his
friends
plainly
to
understand
,
he
could
in
no
wise
repute
them
to
be
his
,
if
they
did
not
totally
abandon
the
Duke's
interest
;
offering
them
at
the
same
time
his
favour
and
protection
,
if
they
would
do
it
,
and
thundering
out
great
threats
against
such
as
would
not
embrace
his
Quarrel
:
wherein
the
constancy
of
the
Duke's
friends
is
highly
to
be
commended
;
who
notwithstanding
the
greatness
of
the
Favourite
they
had
to
deal
withal
,
the
great
promises
wherewith
he
endeavour'd
to
allure
them
,
and
the
implacable
hatred
he
publickly
profess'd
against
their
Friend
,
and
Master
,
would
scarce
any
one
of
them
be
debauch'd
from
the
fidelity
they
had
profess'd
;
whereas
some
on
the
contrary
were
so
generous
as
to
carry
him
intelligence
of
Luines
his
proceeding
so
far
as
Metz
,
and
of
the
offers
he
had
made
to
withdraw
them
from
the
Service
,
and
Friendship
they
had
promis'd
,
and
sworn
unto
him
.
The
Duke
very
well
judging
by
what
had
pass'd
at
Court
before
his
departure
thence
,
and
by
the
continuation
of
those
practices
since
,
that
his
enemies
intended
to
give
the
last
blow
to
his
ruine
,
began
anew
to
consider
of
the
means
to
defend
himself
.
He
was
very
confident
they
would
never
offer
to
attempt
any
thing
against
him
by
open
force
in
Metz
,
neither
would
they
be
easily
induc'd
to
provoke
him
to
the
utmost
extreme
,
the
consequence
being
of
two
dangerous
importance
:
but
doubted
wisely
withal
,
that
no
artifice
would
be
spar'd
,
nor
no
covert
practice
unattempted
against
him
which
were
by
so
much
the
more
dangerous
,
by
how
much
a
man
is
oftentimes
surpriz'd
with
the
effect
,
before
he
is
aware
of
the
cause
.
There
were
in
the
City
divers
ill
affected
and
seditious
persons
,
whom
he
could
never
disgust
,
and
whom
Luines
fail'd
not
to
deal
withal
to
put
in
for
a
Party
in
Metz
,
who
being
in
themselves
of
too
little
authority
for
any
thing
of
that
kind
,
their
malice
converted
to
Spies
upon
the
Duke's
Actions
,
to
send
continual
intelligence
to
Court
,
whether
false
,
or
true
,
and
by
their
Artifice
possess'd
the
Duke
de
Luines
with
jealousies
,
and
fears
,
about
things
that
were
altogether
uncertain
,
and
vain
.
To
make
therefore
a
better
discovery
of
the
truth
,
and
to
the
end
he
might
penetrate
with
more
certainty
into
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
intentions
,
Favier
a
Counsellor
of
State
,
and
a
man
of
great
sagacity
in
Affairs
,
was
sent
away
under
the
shadow
of
a
Commission
,
to
reside
sometime
in
Metz
,
and
to
try
if
by
his
dexterity
he
could
better
guess
at
the
Duke's
designs
;
though
all
those
endeavours
were
equally
fruitless
to
the
Favourite
,
who
had
to
do
with
a
man
not
easie
to
be
pry'd
into
,
nor
surpriz'd
.
After
Favier's
return
to
Court
,
there
hapned
so
pleasant
a
thing
at
Metz
,
as
I
hope
,
though
mix'd
amongst
more
serious
Affairs
,
will
not
much
importune
my
Reader
,
and
that
was
this
:
The
Duke
de
Luines
continually
expressing
a
great
desire
to
have
constant
intelligence
of
what
was
done
at
Metz
,
A
pleasant
Story
.
and
few
being
willing
to
undertake
a
thing
the
Duke's
severe
humour
made
appear
so
full
of
difficulty
,
and
danger
,
one
fellow
,
a
Courtier
,
and
who
thought
by
such
an
undertaking
to
advance
himself
highly
into
favour
,
made
a
voluntary
,
and
brisk
tender
of
himself
for
that
employment
,
offering
publickly
to
go
to
Metz
,
and
there
to
serve
(
as
he
said
)
Mounsieur
de
Luines
,
against
the
Duke
of
Espernon
:
Which
generous
offer
of
his
was
as
kindly
receiv'd
,
and
as
readily
accepted
;
so
that
with
good
store
of
Crowns
in
his
pocket
to
defray
his
journy
,
he
was
presently
dispatch'd
away
upon
that
design
;
yet
not
so
soon
,
but
that
before
his
departure
from
Paris
,
the
Duke
had
notice
of
what
a
Mounsieur
was
coming
to
brave
him
in
his
own
Government
.
In
a
few
days
my
Gentleman
arrives
at
the
Gates
of
Metz
,
where
at
his
first
coming
he
was
made
to
undergo
all
the
severities
usually
observ'd
in
Frontier
Towns
;
they
made
him
dance
attendance
a
good
while
at
the
Gate
,
where
after
having
been
sufficiently
abus'd
,
hiss'd
,
and
hooted
at
,
he
was
by
four
Souldiers
of
the
Garrison
conducted
to
his
Inn
,
who
(
it
may
be
imagin'd
)
were
not
commanded
to
use
him
with
overmuch
respect
.
But
if
this
first
part
of
his
entertainment
surpriz'd
him
,
he
was
much
more
,
when
his
Host
coming
to
him
at
night
,
demanded
his
Name
,
Surname
,
Country
,
Quality
,
and
Age
,
with
many
other
interrogatories
,
as
if
he
had
been
upon
the
[
](A42794-e58580-b)*
*
Selette
,
that
for
which
we
have
no
word
,
because
no
such
thing
;
it
signifying
a
low
stool
,
on
which
Criminals
in
France
are
plac'd
to
be
examin'd
.
Selette
.
From
all
,
or
most
of
these
questions
,
he
for
some
time
defended
himself
,
till
being
threatned
if
he
would
not
answer
,
to
be
proceeded
against
as
a
Spy
,
he
was
at
last
constrain'd
to
do
it
;
when
as
his
answers
came
from
him
,
he
saw
them
recorded
in
a
great
Book
(
order'd
for
that
purpose
amongst
other
ancient
rules
establish'd
for
the
defense
of
the
place
)
though
he
conceiv'd
that
under
the
protection
of
the
Royal
Name
,
which
he
had
ready
to
produce
,
he
ought
to
have
been
dispens'd
from
that
Ceremony
.
He
was
scarce
recover'd
from
his
first
astonishment
,
when
he
saw
four
of
the
Duke's
Guards
(
at
that
time
call'd
les
Simons
,
a
name
very
famous
at
Court
)
entring
his
Chamber
.
Their
first
Complements
(
it
may
be
suppos'd
)
were
none
of
the
most
obliging
:
neither
did
they
long
forbear
to
tell
the
new
come
Gallant
,
That
they
were
order'd
by
the
Duke
their
Master
,
to
have
an
eye
upon
his
actions
:
That
the
Duke
very
well
knew
upon
what
pretense
he
came
to
Metz
,
but
that
the
true
cause
of
his
coming
was
to
him
much
better
known
,
which
was
to
do
a
di●●ervice
to
the
King
,
to
observe
the
weaknesses
of
the
place
,
and
to
give
intelligence
thereof
to
his
Majesties
enemies
:
That
therefore
they
were
not
to
leave
him
,
and
that
they
very
well
knew
how
to
prevent
him
from
executing
his
malicious
designs
:
That
in
the
mean
time
it
would
concern
him
to
have
a
care
how
he
behav'd
himself
,
since
no
mercy
was
to
be
expected
,
if
the
least
thing
was
discover'd
in
him
contrary
to
his
Majesties
Service
.
At
this
declaration
the
poor
man
was
put
into
a
most
terrible
fear
,
he
knew
the
Dukes
Authority
to
be
absolute
in
Metz
,
and
that
whatever
he
should
determine
,
though
it
should
reach
to
his
life
,
and
under
what
pretense
soever
it
might
be
,
would
infallibly
be
executed
upon
him
:
Whereupon
he
ask'd
his
Guards
if
there
were
no
possibility
of
safety
for
him
?
to
which
they
reply'd
,
that
doubtless
yes
,
provided
he
attempted
nothing
against
the
Crown
.
After
which
they
entertain'd
him
with
stories
of
how
many
they
had
Bastinado'd
at
Paris
,
and
after
what
manner
the
Duke
us'd
to
chastise
several
fool-hardy
fellows
,
who
had
imprudently
attempted
upon
his
Honour
.
If
he
went
out
of
one
Chamber
into
another
,
they
were
continually
at
his
heels
,
and
if
●e
went
to
sleep
,
they
lay
down
by
him
;
never
ceasing
day
nor
night
to
afflict
him
:
insomuch
that
after
having
two
days
endur'd
this
usage
,
such
a
terror
seiz'd
him
at
last
,
that
he
fell
down
at
his
Guards
feet
;
weeping
,
praying
,
and
conjuring
them
to
assure
the
Duke
that
he
was
his
most
humble
Servant
,
that
he
acknowledg'd
his
fault
,
begg'd
his
pardon
,
and
did
humbly
intreat
he
would
give
him
leave
to
depart
the
City
.
At
which
,
though
his
Guards
seem'd
to
comfort
and
assure
him
,
advising
him
not
to
fear
,
and
protesting
that
the
interest
of
his
Majesties
Service
only
excepted
,
they
were
there
to
no
other
end
,
than
to
do
him
Service
:
yet
were
all
their
consolations
vain
,
so
invincible
a
fear
had
possess'd
him
,
and
so
wholly
was
he
taken
up
with
the
desire
to
escape
from
the
danger
,
whereinto
he
saw
he
had
so
precipitously
engag'd
himself
.
The
Duke
,
after
he
had
a
few
days
made
himself
merry
with
mortifying
his
Gull
,
let
him
at
last
depart
;
who
,
as
he
had
been
before
at
Metz
,
became
afterwards
the
Fable
of
the
Court.
Yet
did
not
the
Duke
spend
his
time
altogether
in
diversion
,
having
serious
business
enough
to
take
up
his
thoughts
with
something
of
more
concern
,
and
those
were
the
Affairs
of
the
Queen
Mother
.
This
Princess
after
the
death
of
the
Mareschal
d'
Encre
;
having
been
constrain'd
to
leave
the
Court
(
where
Luines
could
not
suffer
a
person
of
her
Authority
,
and
offended
to
the
degree
she
had
been
,
to
reside
)
had
the
Castle
of
Blois
appointed
by
the
King
for
her
retreat
.
To
which
place
accordingly
the
Queen
,
(
in
this
change
of
her
Fortune
,
being
allow'd
to
keep
very
few
of
her
Servants
about
her
)
departed
with
a
very
slender
Train
.
The
Bishop
of
Luçon
since
Cardinal
of
Richelieu
)
who
had
been
Secretary
of
State
during
the
favour
of
the
Mareschal
d'
Encre
,
was
one
of
those
who
follow'd
her
in
her
disgrace
,
as
Chanteloube
also
was
another
:
but
the
Abbot
Rucellary
and
Italian
,
and
very
affectionate
to
her
Service
,
was
,
as
a
person
altogether
unnecessary
about
her
Majesty
,
sent
back
into
one
of
his
Abbies
:
neither
did
the
Bishop
of
Luçon
remain
long
without
another
Order
of
the
same
kind
,
by
which
he
was
first
oblig'd
to
reside
in
his
own
Diocess
,
and
soon
after
to
retire
into
Avignon
.
The
Queen
Mother
,
The
Queen
Mother
attempts
to
recover
her
liberty
.
from
the
time
of
her
departure
from
Court
,
had
meditated
nothing
so
much
,
as
how
to
recover
her
lost
Authority
,
and
to
overthrow
that
of
the
new
Favourites
;
wherein
,
though
she
had
communicated
something
to
Messieurs
de
Luçon
,
de
Rucellay
,
and
de
C●anteloube
,
men
of
the
greatest
Fidelity
and
Conduct
about
her
:
and
though
they
had
taken
some
pains
for
her
satisfaction
,
yet
could
they
discover
no
possibility
of
effecting
her
Designs
:
Neither
were
they
permitted
long
to
consider
of
the
means
,
the
entire
confidence
the
Queen
was
discover'd
to
repose
in
them
,
being
suspected
at
Court
,
having
soon
procur'd
the
banishment
of
the
two
first
(
as
has
been
said
before
)
of
which
that
of
Luçon
had
rendred
him
utterly
uncapable
of
all
manner
of
correspondence
with
her
:
But
Rucellay
a
man
of
great
courage
,
vivacity
,
and
ambition
,
having
for
some
time
conceal'd
himself
about
Blois
,
and
having
from
time
to
time
in
disguise
taken
opportunity
to
consult
with
the
Queen
,
was
(
after
having
rejected
several
propositions
)
at
last
of
opinion
,
that
she
should
address
her self
to
the
Duke
of
Boüillon
,
to
try
,
if
with
the
party
of
those
of
the
Religion
,
who
were
absolutely
at
his
dispose
,
he
might
be
induc'd
to
declare
himself
of
her
side
,
and
to
attempt
something
in
her
favour
.
The
Queen
being
very
well
pleas'd
with
this
proposition
,
The
Q●een
〈◊〉
her
〈◊〉
to
the
D●ke
of
〈◊〉
Rucellay
as
chearfully
undertook
to
make
the
first
overture
of
it
to
the
Duke
of
Boüillon
at
Sedan
.
I
have
often
heard
this
Abbot
(
during
five
,
or
six
weeks
that
I
was
continually
with
him
in
order
to
the
Queen
Mothers
dispatches
,
which
all
pass'd
through
his
hands
after
her
escape
)
tell
the
whole
story
of
this
negotiation
;
so
that
I
am
able
to
say
something
of
my
own
knowledge
,
bot●
as
to
the
qualities
of
his
person
,
and
the
circumstances
of
that
Treaty
,
which
perhaps
will
not
be
altogether
unpleasant
to
my
Reader
.
Rucellay
then
was
a
Gentleman
of
Florence
,
A
Character
of
Rucellay
.
descended
from
a
Father
,
who
by
the
Correspondence
he
had
maintain'd
with
Za●et
,
Bandiny
,
Cenamy
,
and
some
other
active
men
of
that
Nation
(
who
in
those
times
play'd
their
game
so
wisely
,
as
to
keep
in
with
all
parties
of
the
Kingdom
)
had
made
himself
a
Fortune
in
France
.
Amongst
other
advantages
he
had
there
made
to
himself
,
he
had
got
the
possession
of
several
Abbeys
,
arising
in
all
to
a
Revenue
of
above
ten
thousand
Crowns
a
year
;
amongst
which
that
of
Signy
in
Champaigne
not
far
from
Sedan
was
most
considerable
.
His
eldest
Son
(
which
was
he
of
whom
I
am
now
speaking
)
as
most
eldest
Sons
of
the
best
Families
of
Itlay
(
that
education
making
them
capable
of
the
greatest
Dignities
of
the
Court
of
Rome
)
was
bred
up
to
the
Church
:
neither
had
he
been
wanting
in
his
industry
to
acquire
all
those
qualities
that
were
most
likely
to
recommend
him
to
the
highest
Preferment
.
He
had
studied
much
,
and
particularly
been
diligent
to
learn
to
speak
,
and
write
accurately
in
his
own
Language
;
wherein
he
succeeded
so
well
,
that
his
own
fine
parts
,
together
with
the
plentiful
Fortune
he
was
Master
of
(
he
having
no
less
in
Secular
Revenue
,
than
in
Spiritual
Entertainment
)
procur'd
him
so
great
a
Reputation
in
the
Court
of
Rome
,
that
he
there
obtain'd
the
Office
of
[
](A42794-e59060-b)*
*
Clerc
de
Id
Cham●re
,
a
kind
of
Secretary
.
Clerk
of
the
Chamber
.
Pope
Paul
the
Fifth
,
under
whose
Papacy
he
was
there
admitted
,
look'd
upon
him
with
a
very
gracious
eye
,
and
though
a
young
man
,
intrusted
his
discretion
with
many
secrets
of
State
,
not
seldom
making
use
of
his
Pen
in
Affairs
of
greatest
importance
;
and
often
saying
,
by
way
of
favour
,
that
he
discover'd
something
in
him
of
Signior
de
la
Casa
his
great
Uncle
.
All
which
favours
having
possess'd
the
Cardinal-Nephews
with
a
great
jealousie
towards
Rucellay
(
as
himself
said
)
or
he
perhaps
having
fail'd
on
his
part
,
in
a
fit
complacency
to
oblige
them
,
he
was
by
them
persecuted
to
that
degree
,
that
he
was
forc'd
to
quit
the
Court
of
Rome
,
and
to
retire
into
France
.
A
good
part
of
his
Estate
lay
in
that
Country
,
the
Mareschal
d'
Encre
a
Florentine
,
as
he
was
,
commanded
all
there
,
and
those
of
his
own
Nation
having
ever
been
well
receiv'd
in
that
Kingdom
,
it
appear'd
he
could
not
make
choice
of
a
safer
,
nor
a
more
honourable
retreat
.
He
was
thirty
years
of
age
,
or
thereabouts
when
he
arriv'd
in
France
,
where
he
was
at
first
very
kindly
receiv'd
by
the
Mareschal
d'
Encre
,
and
soon
after
in
great
esteem
with
the
whole
Court
,
where
with
twenty
thousand
Crowns
a
year
,
that
he
had
coming
in
,
he
liv'd
in
so
extraordinary
a
degree
of
splendor
,
as
equall'd
,
if
not
out-went
the
greatest
Nobility
of
the
Kingdom
:
no
Table
was
so
neatly
serv'd
,
nor
so
plentifully
furnish'd
,
as
his
;
no
man
more
nobly
,
nor
more
handsomly
attended
than
he
;
to
which
the
presents
he
continually
made
of
all
the
Curiosities
wherewith
Italy
so
abounds
,
as
by
her
overflow
to
oblige
all
other
Nations
,
were
so
many
,
and
so
considerable
,
as
that
single
way
of
expense
seem'd
alone
to
exceed
his
Revenue
.
Neither
did
he
win
less
upon
the
Ladies
by
his
liberalities
,
and
extraordinary
fine
fashion
,
than
he
did
upon
the
men
by
his
more
considerable
qualities
;
insomuch
that
he
obtain'd
the
favour
and
applause
of
all
.
And
although
the
Mareschal
d'
Encre
had
not
as
yet
fix'd
him
in
any
settled
employment
in
the
management
of
Affairs
,
yet
was
he
with
him
in
so
eminent
a
degree
of
favour
,
as
was
a
fair
step
(
in
the
height
the
Court
Favourite
then
stood
)
to
the
greatest
Offices
of
the
Kingdom
.
The
death
of
the
Mareschal
therefore
,
as
it
had
put
a
period
to
all
Rucellay's
future
hopes
,
so
did
it
possess
him
with
such
a
grief
,
as
was
not
to
be
comforted
,
but
by
the
last
effects
of
an
implacable
animosity
he
had
conceiv'd
against
those
who
had
been
the
instruments
of
his
ruine
:
And
this
spirit
of
Revenge
it
was
that
prompted
him
to
be
one
of
those
who
animated
the
Queen
against
the
new
Favourites
;
though
such
Counsels
were
not
necessary
to
her
,
who
of
her self
was
sensible
enough
;
the
particular
injuries
she
had
receiv'd
,
having
already
incens'd
her
to
such
a
height
,
that
she
was
very
easily
dispos'd
to
employ
him
in
a
Treaty
with
the
Duke
de
Boüillon
,
on
her
behalf
.
In
this
Journy
Rucellay
was
to
undergo
much
trouble
,
and
very
great
danger
,
he
never
daring
to
Travel
,
but
by
night
,
and
in
disguise
for
the
most
part
alone
,
and
always
without
any
Equipage
;
for
how
circumspect
soever
he
had
been
in
his
intelligencies
to
the
Queen
,
he
could
not
however
send
them
in
so
secret
a
manner
,
but
that
,
she
being
continually
,
and
narrowly
watch'd
on
all
sides
by
spies
set
over
her
by
Luines
to
that
purpose
,
some
of
his
practices
had
been
discover'd
:
insomuch
that
I
have
heard
him
say
,
he
had
notice
given
him
,
that
several
of
his
Pictures
were
sent
to
the
Magistrates
,
and
other
inferiour
Officers
,
that
they
might
know
,
and
apprehend
him
in
any
of
their
respective
Jurisdictions
.
Yet
could
not
all
these
difficulties
fright
him
from
undertaking
this
Negotiation
,
and
if
he
had
before
given
several
testimonies
of
his
wit
,
and
bravery
upon
other
occasions
,
he
manifested
no
less
in
this
of
the
constancy
of
his
Courage
,
his
Wisdom
,
and
Fidelity
,
which
were
very
eminent
,
and
of
great
use
in
the
conduct
of
this
Affair
.
The
main
thing
he
apprehended
in
this
undertaking
was
the
infirmity
of
his
own
tender
,
and
delicate
constitution
;
who
whilst
he
had
liv'd
in
the
calms
of
peace
,
the
delights
of
Rome
,
or
the
effeminacies
of
the
Courts
of
France
,
had
ever
been
so
impatient
of
the
Sun
,
and
Evenings
Dew
,
Heat
,
and
Cold
,
that
the
least
intemperance
of
the
Air
would
usually
cause
strange
alterations
in
his
health
;
which
notwithstanding
he
was
no
sooner
in
Action
,
but
that
he
found
those
little
inconveniencies
left
behind
,
as
if
he
had
had
no
leisure
to
be
sick
.
Whether
it
were
that
the
Favourites
only
guess'd
at
the
Queen
Mothers
discontents
,
by
the
offense
they
had
given
her
,
or
that
they
had
some
more
certain
knowledge
thereof
,
than
meer
conjecture
,
they
were
however
very
vigilant
to
frustrate
her
Designs
:
To
which
purpose
soon
after
her
Majesties
arrival
at
Blois
,
and
the
Banishment
of
the
Bishop
of
Luçon
,
they
had
sent
to
her
Mounsieur
de
Roissy
,
under
colour
of
a
Council
for
the
management
of
her
Affairs
.
A
man
that
in
truth
at
another
season
would
have
been
acceptable
enough
:
but
in
this
juncture
of
time
,
and
preferr'd
to
her
by
her
enemies
,
could
not
but
stand
highly
suspected
to
her
.
Neither
had
he
without
great
reluctancy
taken
upon
him
an
employment
of
that
nature
;
the
principal
end
of
his
Commission
being
,
as
it
was
,
to
discover
the
Queens
practices
and
designs
;
though
neither
his
unwillingness
could
excuse
him
from
going
,
nor
all
his
art
and
observation
hinder
the
Queen
from
conferring
sometimes
in
private
with
those
of
her
Servants
in
whose
fidelity
she
repos'd
the
greatest
trust
,
when
he
was
there
.
Of
which
Luines
being
advertis'd
,
and
willing
not
only
to
give
himself
some
present
repose
,
but
also
to
live
in
greater
security
for
the
time
to
come
,
he
resolv'd
to
take
Religion
into
his
assistance
,
and
by
a
principle
of
conscience
to
engage
the
Queen
in
an
absolute
dependance
on
his
Majesties
good
will
,
and
pleasure
.
To
this
end
therefore
he
would
exact
from
her
an
Oath
in
the
presence
of
God
,
and
his
Holy
Angels
(
the
very
words
of
the
Declaration
she
was
to
make
)
That
she
neither
now
had
,
The
extraordinary
precaution
of
the
Duke
de
Luines
,
to
make
himself
sure
of
the
Queen
Mother
,
fruitless
.
nor
for
the
time
to
come
would
entertain
other
thought
,
and
desire
than
what
should
tend
to
the
prosperity
,
and
advancement
of
the
King's
Majestie
's
affairs
:
That
she
would
,
so
long
as
she
had
life
,
pay
all
the
Duty
and
Obedience
to
his
Majesty
due
,
as
to
her
Sovereign
Lord
,
and
absolutely
resign
her
Will
into
his
Royal
power
:
That
she
would
have
no
correspondence
neither
within
,
nor
without
the
Kingdom
in
any
thing
whatsoever
to
the
prejudice
of
his
Service
,
his
Crown
,
and
Dignity
;
but
did
,
and
would
disown
all
persons
of
what
quality
,
or
condition
soever
,
that
in
her
name
should
contrive
any
practice
,
or
conspiracy
,
contrary
to
his
Majesties
pleasure
:
That
she
would
moreover
discover
all
Propositions
and
Addresses
inconsistent
with
his
Service
,
together
with
the
persons
themselves
so
addressing
,
and
proposing
,
should
any
be
so
inconsiderate
,
as
to
offer
any
such
thing
;
and
impeach
,
and
make
known
whoever
should
be
so
evilly
affected
;
and
that
she
would
never
desire
to
return
to
Court
,
till
the
King
should
be
pleas'd
to
order
her
so
to
do
.
Which
protestation
was
accordingly
made
betwixt
the
hands
of
Father
Arnoux
a
Jesuit
Confessor
in
ordinary
to
the
King
,
who
had
been
expresly
dispatch'd
to
the
Queen
to
receive
it
.
Wherein
we
may
discover
the
short-sightedness
of
humane
Wisdom
;
when
this
great
Minister
,
thinking
by
this
expedient
to
settle
himself
in
the
security
he
so
much
desir'd
,
engag'd
himself
(
even
by
his
own
precaution
)
in
new
,
and
greater
difficulties
than
before
.
For
as
on
the
one
side
Luines
thought
,
that
,
through
the
perswasions
of
the
King's
Confessor
,
he
had
captivated
the
Queen
under
the
Empire
of
Religion
,
she
on
the
other
side
,
satisfied
to
the
contrary
by
Father
Suffran
her
own
Chaplain
,
and
of
the
same
Society
,
conceiv'd
she
did
not
violate
her
Oath
,
by
attempting
all
ways
to
recover
her
freedom
;
insomuch
that
making
use
of
her
enemie's
credulity
,
she
pursu'd
her
business
at
greater
convenience
,
than
otherwise
she
could
have
done
.
Neither
was
this
the
only
benefit
she
receiv'd
by
this
declaration
;
another
signal
advantage
arising
thence
,
which
was
a
very
gracious
Letter
under
the
King
's
own
hand
;
wherein
,
to
manifest
how
absolute
a
confidence
he
repos'd
in
her
Word
,
and
Oath
,
he
gave
her
leave
to
go
whither
she
pleas'd
within
his
Kingdom
:
which
Letter
serv'd
afterwards
as
a
pretense
for
her
going
from
Blois
,
as
we
shall
see
when
we
come
to
speak
of
that
Affair
.
Whilst
at
Blois
the
Court
Agents
were
thus
diligent
to
cheat
themselves
,
Rucellay
was
arriv'd
safe
at
Sedan
;
where
he
had
acquainted
the
Duke
de
Boüillon
with
his
Commission
,
and
wherein
he
fail'd
not
with
his
best
Rhetorick
to
induce
him
to
undertake
the
Queens
deliverance
.
But
the
Duke
,
R●cellary
arrives
at
Sedan
,
and
treats
with
the
Duke
of
Boüillon
,
who
refuses
to
engage
in
the
business
.
who
had
no
mind
to
stir
from
Sedan
,
where
he
thought
himself
so
secure
,
who
was
already
wearied
out
with
his
late
troubles
,
who
in
the
conduct
of
those
troubles
had
run
so
great
a
hazard
of
his
life
,
and
liberty
,
and
who
likewise
foresaw
many
great
,
and
almost
invincible
difficulties
in
the
business
propos'd
,
would
by
no
means
be
perswaded
to
engage
in
that
Affair
.
Contented
therefore
to
serve
the
Queen
Mother
with
his
advice
,
instead
of
that
real
assistance
was
expected
from
him
,
he
gave
Rucellay
this
answer
,
That
being
old
,
and
infirm
,
as
he
was
,
well
satisfied
with
his
present
condition
,
and
upon
so
good
terms
at
Court
,
as
to
apprehend
no
ill
usage
from
thence
,
it
would
be
a
great
indiscretion
in
him
to
deprive
himself
of
the
peace
he
now
enjoy'd
,
by
engaging
in
a
new
Quarrel
,
full
of
trouble
and
danger
:
That
he
was
notwithstanding
the
Queen
Mothers
most
humble
Servant
,
of
which
truth
the
best
testimony
he
could
at
present
give
,
was
to
point
out
to
her
Majesty
a
Neighbour
of
his
,
a
man
of
a
vigorous
Constitution
,
though
in
a
declining
age
,
Wise
,
Valiant
,
Rich
,
Strong
in
a
posterity
of
men
capable
of
great
things
,
that
was
withal
possess'd
of
many
very
considerable
places
,
both
in
the
Heart
,
and
upon
the
Frontiers
of
the
Kingdom
;
and
(
which
was
more
to
be
consider'd
than
all
)
who
was
so
nettled
with
the
ill
usage
he
had
receiv'd
at
Court
,
that
there
was
no
doubt
to
be
made
,
but
he
would
readily
embrace
any
overture
,
that
would
direct
him
to
a
just
revenge
.
In
the
conclusion
of
which
Character
he
nam'd
to
him
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
Rucellay
was
not
so
ill
read
in
Affairs
,
The
Duke
of
Boüillon
advises
the
Queen
Mother
to
treat
with
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
but
that
he
very
well
knew
the
person
the
Duke
of
Boüillon
had
propos'd
,
was
of
all
other
the
most
likely
to
do
the
Queens
business
:
but
besides
that
he
had
no
order
to
address
himself
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
there
had
moreover
in
the
time
of
his
being
at
Court
,
some
difference
hapned
betwixt
the
Marquis
de
Roilhac
,
the
Duke's
Nephew
,
and
himself
;
wherein
the
Duke's
Authority
having
protected
Roilhac
,
Rucellay
had
not
receiv'd
that
satisfaction
,
he
might
otherwise
reasonably
have
expected
,
for
injuries
of
no
ordinary
kind
.
These
injuries
therefore
,
being
still
fresh
in
his
memory
,
made
him
very
averse
to
any
Treaty
with
the
Duke
:
neither
was
he
ignorant
how
ill
the
Queen
had
us'd
him
,
at
his
departure
from
Court
,
after
the
many
,
and
great
Services
,
that
during
her
Regency
she
had
receiv'd
at
his
hands
,
which
altogether
put
him
into
a
very
great
confusion
.
All
these
considerations
nevertheless
laid
aside
,
either
out
of
the
desire
he
had
to
serve
the
Queen
,
or
to
be
reveng'd
of
the
Favourites
,
or
to
re-establish
himself
at
Court
,
which
he
hop'd
would
put
on
a
new
face
in
the
change
of
the
Queens
Fortune
,
he
dispatch'd
away
to
her
with
all
diligence
to
acquaint
her
how
the
Duke
of
Boüillon
had
excus'd
himself
,
and
of
the
advice
he
had
given
concerning
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
that
he
might
thereupon
receive
her
Majesties
further
Command
.
This
posting
to
and
fro
took
up
so
much
time
,
that
the
Queens
Letters
of
Credit
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
could
not
come
to
Rucellay's
hands
,
till
towards
the
latter
end
of
Iuly
,
nor
he
send
them
to
the
Duke
till
the
month
following
;
I
say
send
them
,
Rucellay
having
no
mind
to
sound
the
Foard
himself
,
nor
to
make
the
first
overtures
of
that
Treaty
in
his
own
person
,
for
the
foremention'd
reasons
.
He
therefore
employ'd
herein
one
Vincentio
Ludovici
,
a
man
in
whom
he
repos'd
an
absolute
trust
,
Rucellay
sends
Vincentio
Lud●vici
to
the
Duke
of
Espern●n
.
and
one
,
who
having
formerly
been
chief
Secretary
to
the
Mareschal
d'
Encre
,
after
a
long
,
and
very
severe
imprisonment
he
had
suffred
since
the
death
of
his
Master
,
had
retir'd
himself
to
Signy
,
and
put
himself
into
Rucellay's
protection
.
Where
living
in
expectation
of
some
considerable
employment
,
Rucellay
propos'd
this
negotiation
to
him
,
who
as
readily
undertook
it
;
and
having
receiv'd
full
instructions
,
together
with
the
Queens
Letters
of
Credence
,
came
to
Metz
,
where
at
the
Moors-Head
he
took
up
his
Inn
,
and
from
thence
sent
to
le
Plessis
(
whom
all
the
world
knew
to
be
the
man
in
greatest
trust
about
the
Duke
)
to
entreat
him
that
he
would
take
the
pains
to
come
see
one
of
his
old
acquaintance
,
without
further
discovering
himself
.
I
have
heard
le
Plessis
say
,
that
by
this
Complement
he
presently
guess'd
what
the
business
might
be
,
that
brought
this
man
,
whoever
he
was
,
to
Town
;
yet
would
he
not
appear
upon
this
first
Summons
:
but
having
a
Valet
de
Chambre
in
his
dependence
,
that
he
had
bred
from
a
Boy
,
in
whom
he
durst
confide
,
and
of
whose
dexterity
,
and
discretion
,
he
had
often
made
tryal
upon
several
occasions
,
he
commanded
him
to
go
to
the
Moors-Head
,
to
see
who
it
was
desir'd
to
speak
with
him
,
and
to
observe
if
it
were
a
face
he
had
formerly
seen
,
or
one
that
was
altogether
a
stranger
to
him
.
This
man's
name
was
Cadillac
,
which
I
insert
here
,
because
we
shall
shortly
find
him
a
principal
Agent
in
this
Affair
.
Cadillac
accordingly
comes
to
the
Inn
,
where
his
eye
had
soon
found
out
his
man
;
he
observ'd
him
,
spoke
to
him
,
and
by
his
accent
soon
discover'd
him
to
be
a
stranger
,
of
which
he
presently
carried
back
a
report
to
his
Master
;
giving
him
withal
a
description
of
his
person
.
Le
Plessis
confirm'd
by
this
accompt
in
his
former
opinion
,
would
by
no
means
confer
with
him
till
he
had
first
acquainted
the
Duke
:
but
having
receiv'd
his
Order
,
takes
his
way
towards
the
Inn.
Thither
being
come
in
the
confusion
,
and
hurry
that
usually
happens
in
those
houses
of
publick
entertainment
,
he
soon
found
out
the
man
he
sought
for
,
runs
to
him
,
and
embraces
him
,
as
if
they
had
been
the
greatest
friends
in
the
world
,
though
they
had
never
seen
one
another
before
,
enquiring
of
him
aloud
of
their
friends
in
Xaintonge
,
where
this
stranger
had
never
been
;
who
,
nevertheless
very
well
understanding
le
Plessis
meaning
,
deliver'd
him
the
services
of
several
persons
they
neither
of
them
both
knew
:
after
which
le
Plessis
drawing
him
aside
,
and
entring
into
more
particular
conference
with
him
,
receiv'd
from
his
mouth
the
first
overtures
of
his
Treaty
,
which
he
also
undertook
to
carry
back
to
the
Duke
.
No
sooner
therefore
was
he
parted
from
Vincentio
,
but
that
he
went
to
find
out
the
Duke
at
the
Haute
Pierre
(
the
place
where
the
Governours
of
Metz
ordinarily
reside
)
where
he
gave
him
an
accompt
of
the
strangers
business
;
together
with
the
humble
request
he
made
to
be
admitted
to
a
further
Conference
with
his
own
person
.
Whereupon
the
Duke
call'd
for
his
two
Sons
,
the
Marquis
de
la
Valette
,
and
the
Archbishop
of
Tholouze
,
since
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
(
it
appearing
very
reasonable
they
should
participate
of
the
Counsel
,
who
were
to
have
so
great
a
share
in
the
execution
of
the
design
)
where
amongst
them
it
was
concluded
,
that
the
Duke
should
the
next
day
give
audience
to
this
Envoy
in
the
Abby
of
St.
Vincent
in
Metz
,
belonging
to
the
Archbishop
of
Tholouze
.
According
to
which
determination
the
stranger
was
early
the
next
morning
conducted
thither
,
by
the
foresaid
Cadillac
;
whither
the
Duke
coming
presently
after
,
under
colour
of
a
visit
to
the
Abbot
,
he
went
to
seek
out
Vincentio
in
the
Chamber
before
appointed
for
him
,
where
he
gave
him
his
first
audience
in
the
presence
of
le
Plessis
only
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon
receives
a
Letter
from
the
Queen
Mother
,
by
Vincentio
Lud●vici
.
and
where
Vincentio
deliver'd
him
a
Letter
from
the
Queen
Mother
that
contained
these
words
.
Cousin
,
I
entreat
you
not
to
doubt
the
Fidelity
of
the
person
that
shall
deliver
you
this
Letter
,
but
to
believe
whatever
he
shall
tell
you
;
leaving
it
however
to
your
own
choice
,
either
to
return
your
answer
by
him
,
or
by
any
other
you
shall
think
fit
,
to
the
earnest
request
he
shall
make
you
in
my
behalf
:
promising
you
withal
that
he
shall
propose
nothing
to
you
contrary
in
the
least
to
the
Service
of
the
King
my
Son
,
who
shall
himself
one
day
give
you
thanks
for
the
assistance
you
shall
now
give
me
in
this
occasion
,
wherein
you
may
also
oblige
me
whilst
I
live
to
be
Your
very
good
Cousin
,
Marie
.
From
Blois
this
18th
.
of
Iuly
,
1618.
This
Letter
being
read
,
and
the
Duke
having
ask'd
the
Bearer
what
he
had
more
to
say
,
He
represented
to
him
the
many
and
signal
Services
he
had
formerly
perform'd
for
the
Queen
,
first
in
promoting
her
Interest
when
she
was
declar'd
Regent
,
and
afterwards
throughout
the
whole
course
of
her
Administration
:
telling
him
withal
how
infinitely
her
Majesty
was
afflicted
:
That
she
had
not
acknowledg'd
those
Services
at
so
just
a
rate
,
as
the
quality
of
them
did
truly
deserve
:
That
nevertheless
she
having
shew'd
her self
ready
to
gratifie
him
in
several
things
of
some
importance
to
him
,
she
doubted
not
,
but
that
a
generous
heart
,
as
his
was
,
would
be
apter
to
record
those
testimonies
of
her
Favour
and
Affection
to
him
,
than
some
little
discontents
,
that
could
not
so
justly
be
imputed
to
her
,
as
to
the
necessity
of
the
time
,
and
the
occurrences
that
imposed
them
:
That
he
very
well
knew
the
late
King
her
Lord
,
and
Husband
had
a
few
days
before
his
death
(
as
if
he
had
foreseen
the
persecution
was
preparing
against
her
)
recommended
her
Interests
to
his
care
and
protection
,
wherein
he
had
already
in
part
so
worthily
perform'd
the
Trust
that
great
Prince
had
repos'd
in
his
Vertue
,
that
she
had
reason
to
believe
he
would
continue
to
oblige
her
for
ever
:
That
she
was
now
reduc'd
to
such
a
condition
by
the
violence
of
her
Enemies
;
as
after
being
depriv'd
of
her
liberty
,
to
think
her self
in
great
peril
of
her
life
:
That
the
King
her
Son
,
though
his
constraint
was
less
apparent
,
was
not
himself
however
exempt
from
the
tyranny
they
exercis'd
upon
her
person
:
That
it
was
in
his
power
to
redeem
them
both
from
the
slavery
they
were
in
;
wherein
,
although
she
doubted
not
,
but
that
the
King
would
one
day
acknowledge
a
Service
of
this
nature
to
such
a
degree
,
as
the
importance
of
it
would
justly
deserve
;
she
in
the
mean
time
would
notwithstanding
take
all
the
obligation
upon
her self
,
and
engage
to
make
him
see
the
effects
of
such
a
gratitude
,
as
he
might
reasonably
expect
from
a
Princess
,
who
conceiv'd
her self
oblig'd
to
his
generosity
for
her
liberty
,
And
hearkens
to
the
Proposition
.
and
her
life
.
The
Duke
having
made
answer
to
this
discourse
in
such
terms
of
submission
,
and
respect
,
as
befitted
a
Subject
to
a
Princess
of
her
condition
,
the
Mother
of
his
King
,
and
one
from
whom
,
amongst
some
little
unkindnesses
he
had
receiv'd
many
benefits
,
and
signal
favours
,
proceeded
without
more
ceremony
to
the
negotiation
;
in
the
progress
whereof
,
Vincentio
in
the
Queens
name
promis'd
so
many
men
,
and
places
,
and
such
summes
of
mony
,
proposing
withal
so
great
and
so
advantageous
conditions
for
the
Duke
,
as
made
him
conceive
the
proposition
worth
the
thinking
of
,
and
to
promise
him
in
a
few
days
a
positive
answer
.
He
was
no
sooner
therefore
parted
from
Vincentio
,
but
that
he
sent
for
his
Sons
to
deliberate
with
them
about
this
Affair
,
in
whom
he
met
with
young
spirits
,
full
of
heat
,
and
courage
,
that
presently
advis'd
him
confidently
to
embrace
that
motion
,
wherein
they
said
there
was
no
question
to
be
made
,
but
that
the
issue
would
be
glorious
for
him
,
advantageous
to
the
State
,
and
easie
to
be
effected
in
it self
,
through
the
concurrence
he
would
certainly
find
in
most
of
the
great
men
of
the
Kingdom
,
who
were
apparently
dissatisfied
with
the
present
Government
,
which
was
also
no
extraordinary
thing
in
the
best
,
and
most
happy
Reigns
.
The
Duke
on
the
contrary
by
a
long
experience
become
more
circumspect
could
not
suffer
himself
so
easily
to
be
overcome
;
but
considering
he
was
about
to
expose
his
Life
and
Fortune
,
his
Children
,
Friends
,
B●t
without
engaging
himself
at
this
time
.
and
Family
for
a
Princess
who
had
not
at
other
times
been
over
mindful
of
his
former
Services
,
he
had
some
reason
to
fear
he
should
receive
no
better
an
acknowledgement
of
this
,
than
he
had
done
of
the
rest
.
Besides
he
knew
very
well
that
he
should
no
sooner
appear
in
Arms
in
order
to
the
design
in
hand
,
but
that
the
Kings
whole
Power
,
and
his
Person
would
immediately
be
upon
him
;
and
seeing
no
visible
Forces
sufficient
to
resist
that
Torrent
,
he
could
not
clear
his
mind
from
those
apprehensions
wherewith
it
was
involv'd
.
He
represented
therefore
to
his
Sons
,
that
all
those
Confederates
they
seem'd
to
rely
upon
,
should
they
joyn
in
the
Quarrel
,
would
most
of
them
vanish
at
the
very
sound
of
the
Royal
Name
:
That
the
most
discontented
of
them
would
be
reconcil'd
to
their
Duty
by
the
least
satisfactions
should
be
given
them
,
and
that
then
he
alone
should
do
the
work
of
all
the
other
great
men
of
the
Kingdom
,
at
the
price
of
his
own
particular
ruine
.
So
that
after
having
again
and
again
consider'd
of
this
proposal
,
he
could
not
perswade
himself
to
condescend
to
the
importunities
of
his
Sons
,
and
le
Plessis
,
who
was
present
at
this
deliberation
,
all
they
could
say
being
able
to
prevail
no
further
upon
him
at
that
time
,
than
that
Vincentio
might
in
his
name
assure
the
Queen
,
he
had
a
passionate
desire
to
serve
her
,
provided
it
would
please
her
Majesty
to
enable
him
so
to
do
,
by
letting
him
know
what
persons
of
quality
she
had
won
over
to
her
party
,
with
what
summes
of
mony
she
could
make
for
carrying
on
the
War
,
until
when
he
humbly
desir'd
he
might
reserve
to
himself
the
liberty
of
his
promise
,
with
an
assurance
of
his
Secrecy
and
Fidelity
in
the
mean
time
.
Vincentio
,
after
having
staid
eight
days
at
Metz
,
went
back
with
this
answer
to
Rucellay
,
who
with
great
impatience
expected
his
return
;
and
who
having
receiv'd
this
accompt
of
the
business
,
thought
they
had
done
enough
at
this
first
push
,
in
prevailing
with
the
Duke
to
hearken
only
to
the
proposal
:
neither
did
he
doubt
,
but
that
the
difficulties
he
had
represented
,
though
very
rational
in
themselves
,
would
in
the
end
be
overcome
by
the
success
of
those
things
,
whereof
the
Duke
,
before
he
would
give
a
determinate
answer
,
desir'd
to
be
assur'd
.
He
therefore
in
all
haste
signified
to
the
Queen
the
Duke's
disposition
to
serve
her
,
assuring
her
withal
of
the
Duke
de
Boüillon's
Concurrence
with
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
provided
the
last
would
undertake
the
Service
.
Whereupon
her
Majesty
,
secure
of
her
Interest
with
the
Dukes
of
Guise
,
and
Montmorency
,
and
many
other
persons
of
great
quality
;
and
nothing
fearing
also
,
but
she
should
be
able
to
raise
a
great
mass
of
mony
,
what
by
borrowing
,
what
upon
her
Jewels
,
and
what
by
the
Revenue
of
those
Provinces
would
be
engag'd
with
her
,
sent
the
same
Vincentio
a
month
after
to
the
Duke
,
to
give
him
full
assurance
of
all
things
he
desir'd
.
Upon
which
second
dispatch
,
the
Duke
conceiving
he
might
confide
in
the
Q●eens
word
,
engag'd
himself
(
though
not
without
some
reluctancy
)
to
declare
openly
in
her
Quarrel
,
dismissing
his
little
Ambassadour
with
a
much
better
accompt
,
than
before
,
and
delivering
him
a
Cypher
for
his
future
Correspondence
with
the
Queen
;
after
which
,
and
a
particular
answer
to
the
Letter
her
Majesty
had
honour'd
him
with
by
Vincentio
the
first
time
,
he
launch'd
so
far
into
the
Affair
,
that
it
was
afterwards
impossible
for
him
to
retire
.
Rucellay
having
pump'd
the
whole
secret
of
this
Negotiation
out
of
Vincentio
,
Rucellay
takes
himself
the
Treaty
in
hand
.
and
having
no
mind
he
should
carry
away
the
Reputation
of
an
Affair
of
that
importance
,
and
so
successfully
begun
,
resolv'd
for
the
time
to
come
to
undertake
the
Treaty
himself
,
and
laying
aside
his
former
aversions
,
with
all
other
respects
(
which
he
likewise
conceiv'd
were
not
of
so
high
a
nature
,
as
ought
to
stand
in
competition
with
the
Affair
in
hand
)
would
treat
with
the
Duke
in
his
own
person
.
In
order
whereunto
he
advanc'd
as
far
as
Pont
a
Moulins
,
a
little
Village
about
a
League
distance
from
Metz
;
either
unwilling
,
or
not
daring
to
venture
himself
in
the
City
,
till
he
first
knew
how
the
Duke
was
dispos'd
to
receive
him
.
From
this
place
therefore
he
immediately
sent
away
for
Cadillac
(
the
same
le
Plessis
had
sent
the
first
time
to
Vincentio
)
not
doubting
but
he
would
be
the
first
should
be
sent
to
discover
who
he
was
▪
Cadillac
thus
sent
for
by
he
knew
not
whom
,
would
not
go
out
to
him
without
first
receiving
his
Masters
Order
,
nor
his
Master
give
it
him
,
till
he
himself
had
first
receiv'd
an
Order
from
the
Duke
:
Neither
could
the
Duke
suddenly
consent
to
this
intelligence
,
who
,
although
he
did
not
know
the
stranger
to
be
Rucellay
,
yet
suspecting
him
to
be
some
new
Negotiator
,
and
unwilling
to
have
so
many
intrusted
with
a
business
,
upon
the
secrefie
whereof
depended
his
Life
and
Fortune
,
he
waver'd
long
before
he
would
give
way
to
an
enterview
betwixt
le
Plessis
,
and
this
new
Agent
.
He
was
at
last
notwithstanding
content
he
should
go
:
but
if
he
had
at
first
made
some
difficulty
of
allowing
this
Conference
,
before
he
knew
Rucellay
to
be
the
man
he
was
to
confer
withal
,
he
was
so
out
of
all
patience
when
he
knew
the
secret
was
committed
to
an
Italian
,
his
enemy
,
and
disoblig'd
by
him
,
that
he
was
many
times
upon
the
point
to
have
recall'd
his
word
,
and
absolutely
to
give
over
the
design
.
Le
Plessis
was
then
forc'd
to
return
back
to
Rucellay
with
a
very
unsatisfactory
answer
;
who
,
without
being
much
out
of
countenance
at
this
repulse
(
the
Duke
refusing
to
admit
him
into
the
Treaty
)
or
the
seeing
the
civility
he
had
advanc'd
so
far
towards
a
reconciliation
rejected
,
told
le
Plessis
coldly
,
That
since
the
Duke
had
a
mind
to
do
the
business
without
him
,
he
might
,
if
he
pleas'd
,
in
good
time
proceed
;
but
that
in
the
mean
time
he
was
to
understand
,
that
it
was
to
him
the
Queen
had
intrusted
the
secret
of
that
Affair
,
and
not
to
the
other
,
who
had
hitherto
appear'd
in
it
,
who
was
but
his
substitute
,
and
by
him
sent
to
make
the
first
overtures
to
the
Duke
,
presuming
his
own
person
might
not
be
so
acceptable
to
him
;
but
that
he
had
seen
the
Duke
of
Boüillon
,
and
treated
with
him
:
That
Vincentio
had
given
him
an
accompt
of
all
he
had
done
at
Metz
,
and
had
deliver'd
a
Cypher
to
him
:
That
he
knew
very
well
that
he
le
Plessis
in
the
Canting
of
that
Cypher
was
call'd
Floze
,
the
Duke
by
another
name
,
and
his
Sons
by
others
.
After
which
explanation
he
desir'd
him
to
consider
whether
a
man
so
well
inform'd
in
,
and
able
ot
give
so
good
an
accompt
of
the
business
,
was
fit
to
be
laid
aside
:
That
he
could
not
but
wonder
the
Duke
of
Espernon
should
continue
to
use
him
so
ill
,
who
had
never
given
him
any
offense
;
but
on
the
contrary
had
been
highly
offended
by
him
,
and
his
;
that
having
so
many
and
just
inducements
to
revenge
those
injuries
,
he
had
now
sufficient
means
to
do
it
,
were
not
his
honour
far
dearer
,
than
his
ill
usage
was
sensible
to
him
:
but
that
he
would
tread
all
those
considerations
under
foot
,
to
preserve
his
Fidelity
to
the
Queen
his
Mistriss
,
provided
he
should
not
be
urg'd
on
to
the
last
extremes
.
This
Declaration
,
though
something
high
from
an
Enemy
,
and
very
rough
from
a
man
that
pretended
he
came
to
Treat
,
carried
nevertheless
so
much
sting
with
it
,
and
threatned
so
much
to
the
ruine
of
the
design
in
hand
,
that
the
Duke
saw
it
necessary
either
to
admit
him
into
the
Council
,
or
to
dispatch
him
out
of
the
way
:
the
latter
of
which
being
too
cruel
for
him
to
consent
unto
,
and
on
the
other
side
it
appearing
of
better
advantage
to
treat
with
a
man
of
the
Quality
Rucellay
was
,
than
with
Vincentio
,
who
could
do
nothing
,
but
as
he
receiv'd
Orders
from
him
;
the
Duke
resolv'd
upon
the
first
:
So
that
Rucellay
being
upon
these
terms
admitted
into
the
negotiation
,
Rucellay
with
much
difficulty
admitted
into
the
Treaty
.
he
came
by
night
to
Metz
,
and
in
disguise
(
as
he
always
went
)
was
conducted
to
the
Haute
Pierre
,
where
he
had
a
Chamber
made
ready
for
him
in
the
Duke
's
own
Lodgings
;
out
of
which
he
never
stirr'd
for
a
whole
month
together●
Being
there
receiv'd
,
he
had
Cadillac
appointed
to
attend
him
,
as
also
one
of
the
Duke
's
own
Valet's
de
Chambre
,
whom
he
knew
was
to
be
trusted
,
order'd
to
bring
him
all
necessaries
from
the
Kitchin
,
and
other
Offices
,
without
any
bodies
being
able
to
guess
who
this
person
might
be
,
that
was
so
carefully
,
and
diligently
attended
.
The
Duke
went
almost
every
day
to
see
him
,
his
Sons
very
often
,
and
le
Plessis
ofter
than
them
all
;
by
which
regular
visits
in
the
Duke
,
and
by
the
great
care
was
taken
to
seek
out
the
best
water
(
for
Rucellay
drank
nothing
else
,
and
was
very
delicate
in
that
)
it
was
suspected
some
Woman
of
Pleasure
was
kept
private
in
the
house
:
A
suspicion
that
perhaps
contributed
something
to
his
better
concealment
,
and
to
the
restraint
of
a
further
curiosity
in
such
▪
as
possibly
otherwise
would
have
been
more
inquisitive
into
the
truth
of
the
business
,
had
they
not
entertain'd
this
mistake
for
the
truth
it self
.
Resolutions
taken
betwixt
the
D●ke
of
Espernon
and
Rucellay
.
During
this
time
of
Rucellay's
stay
at
Metz
,
things
were
fully
concluded
amongst
them
;
where
above
all
things
,
it
was
though
necessary
,
that
a
strict
League
should
be
contracted
betwixt
the
two
Dukes
of
Espernon
,
and
Boüillon
,
that
things
might
the
better
succeed
.
There
had
indeed
some
former
Jealousies
hapned
to
the
discomposure
of
these
two
great
men
,
but
such
as
had
rather
begot
a
coldness
,
than
any
disaffection
betwixt
them
;
which
Rucellay
undertook
to
reconcile
,
as
by
the
assistance
of
the
Vicount
de
Sardiny
(
a
very
particular
Servant
to
the
Duke
of
Boüillon
,
and
a
man
absolutely
devoted
to
the
Queen
)
he
afterwards
did
,
though
it
wrought
not
that
good
effect
,
was
expected
from
it
,
as
shall
in
its
due
place
be
made
to
appear
.
The
Queen
having
heard
no
news
of
Rucellay
,
during
his
abode
at
Metz
,
though
she
had
taken
care
to
send
to
him
,
and
in
such
an
impatience
to
know
how
her
Affairs
succeeded
,
as
may
be
imagin'd
in
the
condition
she
then
was
,
writ
a
Letter
to
the
Duke
in
a
borrowed
hand
(
I
think
Chanteloube's
,
he
being
then
the
only
man
of
trust
about
her
)
and
in
a
●ustian
style
;
the
Queen
here
taking
upon
her
the
quality
of
a
Merchants
Wife
of
Saverne
,
absent
from
her
Husband
:
of
which
these
were
the
words
.
Sir
,
since
the
Sieur
Artus
(
meaning
Rucellay
)
parted
hence
to
seek
you
out
,
I
have
heard
no
news
either
of
him
,
or
you
;
which
so
much
afflicts
me
,
that
I
must
entreat
you
to
write
to
me
by
this
bearer
,
who
I
am
told
by
a
friend
of
mine
will
soon
be
back
,
he
being
to
ride
post
upon
some
business
of
a
Gentlemans
,
whose
name
I
have
forgot
.
If
no
accident
have
befallen
Sieur
Artus
,
he
is
much
to
blame
to
leave
me
so
long
in
suspense
,
without
giving
me
some
accompt
,
whether
he
have
paid
you
the
mony
I
deliver'd
him
,
or
no
;
which
though
it
be
no
great
summe
,
I
should
be
very
sorry
you
had
not
receiv'd
.
Oblige
me
therefore
so
far
,
as
to
send
me
word
what
the
matter
is
,
as
also
of
the
state
of
your
health
,
which
I
wish
may
be
such
,
as
you
your self
desire
.
I
forgot
to
tell
you
that
the
Armourer
(
meaning
the
Duke
de
Luines
)
with
whom
we
have
the
business
you
know
of
,
has
sought
to
me
for
an
Agreement
;
though
I
know
not
what
to
say
to
it
without
my
Husbands
advice
,
for
whom
I
have
so
much
respect
,
as
to
do
nothing
,
but
what
he
shall
think
fit
:
if
he
refer
it
to
me
to
do
what
I
think
best
,
I
shall
make
no
agreement
with
him
.
The
Iudges
,
who
are
to
determine
our
controversie
,
will
,
I
doubt
,
not
very
well
understand
who
has
the
wrong
,
and
that
our
cause
is
good
;
God
also
being
always
for
the
right
,
I
hope
we
shall
have
as
good
an
issue
as
we
can
desire
.
I
shall
tro●●le
you
no
further
,
than
to
conjure
you
to
write
me
word
,
when
I
may
hope
to
be
so
happy
as
to
see
you
;
if
your
Affairs
would
permit
,
I
could
wish
you
were
ready
to
begin
your
Iourney
to
morrow
:
however
I
shall
refer
that
to
your
discretion
,
humbly
entreating
you
to
believe
,
that
I
shall
honour
you
all
the
days
of
my
life
,
as
I
ought
to
do
,
and
shall
pray
to
God
to
keep
you
in
his
Holy
Protection
,
and
preserve
you
as
long
in
health
as
I
desire
.
Sir
,
Your
humble
,
and
very
obedient
Wife
,
and
Servant
,
Sign'd
X.
It
appears
by
this
Letter
,
that
Affairs
were
now
in
a
very
good
forwardness
,
some
mony
having
been
sent
by
the
Queen
to
Metz
,
which
,
Mony
sent
to
Metz
by
the
Queen
.
as
it
was
the
most
important
place
of
her
Party
,
and
wherein
the
Duke
had
resolv'd
to
leave
the
Marquis
de
la
Valette
his
Son
,
he
would
not
he
should
be
left
without
some
mony
in
his
greatest
necessity
to
assist
him
.
He
very
well
foresaw
that
after
the
Queens
escape
he
should
be
the
first
assaulted
,
and
expos'd
(
as
he
afterwards
was
)
to
the
fury
of
the
Royal
Arms
,
and
that
upon
the
preservation
of
Metz
depended
,
in
part
,
the
life
of
the
whole
Action
:
but
of
how
great
moment
soever
this
place
might
be
to
the
design
in
hand
,
the
summes
nevertheless
were
very
moderate
,
that
were
there
left
for
its
defense
,
arising
to
no
more
in
all
,
than
an
hundred
thousand
Crowns
,
carried
thither
by
Wagon
from
Saverne
;
of
which
summe
Vincentio
receiv'd
an
hundred
thousand
Livers
for
the
use
of
the
Duke
of
Boüillon
,
who
was
to
take
Arms
in
favour
of
the
Queen
,
a
part
of
the
remainder
only
being
left
at
Metz
,
for
the
raising
of
men
necessary
for
the
defense
of
the
Town
,
and
to
buy
Ammunition
.
The
Duke
having
found
by
this
mony
coming
in
,
The
Duke
resolves
to
go
serve
the
Queen
.
some
,
though
very
little
effect
of
those
promises
,
had
been
made
him
by
the
Queen
,
did
from
thence
conclude
her
Servants
had
provided
so
carefully
for
the
rest
,
that
nothing
would
be
wanting
of
all
those
things
whereof
they
had
given
him
before
so
ample
assurance
:
In
which
belief
he
set
himself
wholly
upon
his
preparation
to
be
gone
;
of
which
also
having
given
notice
to
the
Queen
,
her
Majesty
,
whose
condition
was
much
worse
than
his
,
to
quicken
his
haste
,
sent
him
another
Letter
in
the
same
Canting
style
.
Sir
,
I
shall
make
use
of
Magurin's
,
A
second
Letter
from
the
Queen
in
the
same
style
with
the
first
.
one
of
our
Factors
Pen
(
meaning
Chan●eloube
)
to
let
you
know
,
that
I
was
never
more
overjoy'd
in
my
life
,
than
when
I
receiv'd
the
Letter
you
did
me
the
honour
to
send
;
wherein
you
give
me
assurance
of
your
constant
love
,
which
is
so
great
a
comfort
to
me
,
that
what
affliction
soever
God
shall
be
pleas'd
to
lay
upon
me
,
I
shall
notwithstanding
rejoyce
in
this
,
that
my
Husband
loves
me
,
and
that
I
shall
shortly
have
the
happiness
to
see
him
.
Neither
do
I
doubt
of
his
affection
,
who
has
so
good
a
soul
,
that
I
know
he
can
never
forget
her
,
who
in
this
world
most
honours
and
loves
him
;
and
that
so
soon
as
he
has
settled
all
our
Affairs
where
he
now
is
,
he
will
come
to
take
order
about
those
we
have
in
these
parts
,
which
praised
be
God
,
are
already
in
a
very
hopeful
way
.
But
I
am
in
great
pain
to
know
the
place
where
you
are
pleas'd
I
shall
expect
you
;
for
if
you
think
it
better
that
I
go
to
our
own
house
,
than
to
stay
longer
here
,
send
me
word
,
and
I
shall
do
what
possibly
I
can
to
overcome
the
incommodities
of
the
season
to
obey
you
;
but
if
it
should
fall
out
that
I
cannot
stir
from
hence
,
write
me
word
how
I
may
meet
you
upon
the
way
;
and
provided
I
be
not
put
to
rise
too
early
,
I
shall
do
wonders
.
I
expect
therefore
your
Commands
,
which
I
shall
faithfully
observe
,
beseeching
you
to
give
me
your
instruction
concerning
all
our
other
Affairs
,
that
I
may
do
nothing
may
turn
to
our
prejudice
;
it
being
impossible
I
should
ever
fail
in
obeying
whatever
Commands
you
will
lay
upon
Your
humble
,
and
very
obedient
Wife
,
and
Servant
.
And
in
a
Postscript
,
This
shall
be
the
last
Letter
I
shall
write
,
wherefore
I
conjure
you
to
remember
to
give
me
notice
of
your
setting
out
,
that
accordingly
I
may
prepare
my self
G.
G.
And
for
the
Superscription
,
as
upon
that
before
,
A
Monsieur
,
Monsieur
Fabert
,
being
at
this
present
at
Saverne
.
This
Letter
,
which
,
betwixt
persons
so
well
read
in
one
anothers
designs
,
might
with
great
ease
be
explain'd
,
was
by
the
Duke
presently
put
into
deliberation
;
first
,
that
a
day
might
be
resolv'd
upon
for
his
departure
,
and
next
that
something
might
be
concluded
about
the
order
was
to
be
observ'd
in
going
to
receive
the
Queen
.
To
this
Consultation
the
Dukes
two
Sons
,
Rucellay
,
and
le
Plessis
,
were
only
admitted
,
where
(
as
it
usually
falls
out
)
the
nearer
they
approach'd
to
the
execution
of
their
design
,
Some
difficulties
arise
about
the
execution
of
the
design
.
the
harder
it
seem'd
to
be
effected
.
From
the
time
the
Duke
had
first
engag'd
his
word
to
the
Queen
,
he
had
been
very
instant
at
Court
,
to
obtain
liberty
to
go
into
his
Governments
of
Xaintonge
and
Angoumois
,
very
well
foreseeing
,
that
without
such
a
formal
leave
,
he
should
meet
difficulties
enough
in
the
very
Journey
it self
,
had
he
had
no
design
to
favour
the
Queens
escape
;
but
the
more
importunate
he
had
been
to
procure
that
Licence
,
the
more
obstinate
he
had
found
them
to
be
in
the
denial
.
They
look'd
upon
him
,
as
it
were
mew'd
up
in
Metz
,
and
were
resolv'd
to
keep
him
in
a
manner
a
prisoner
to
his
own
Government
,
in
that
remote
part
of
the
Kingdom
.
So
that
the
Duke
in
despair
of
procuring
that
priviledge
,
and
seeing
that
under
the
colour
of
some
very
inconsiderable
excuses
,
the
King
had
a
mind
to
make
his
presence
at
Metz
appear
altogether
necessary
to
his
Service
,
he
sent
his
Majesty
a
very
full
Remonstrance
of
the
urgency
of
his
Affairs
in
those
parts
,
with
a
repeated
supplication
,
that
he
would
please
to
permit
him
to
go
:
Not
that
he
expected
a
better
success
in
this
than
in
his
former
applications
,
he
had
lost
that
hope
:
but
by
this
new
Address
to
lull
the
Duke
de
Luines
asleep
,
who
ought
in
reason
to
believe
,
that
this
reiterated
importunity
pre-suppos'd
an
expectation
in
the
Duke
to
prevail
in
his
request
;
and
that
consequently
he
would
not
depart
from
Metz
,
till
that
were
first
obtain'd
.
This
Letter
was
writ
by
the
Sieur
de
Balzac
,
and
is
,
in
my
opinion
one
of
the
best
pieces
has
flow'd
from
his
admirable
Pen
;
which
notwithstanding
I
have
not
inserted
here
,
forasmuch
as
the
Reader
may
find
it
printed
amongst
the
rest
of
his
excellent
Works
.
By
this
Letter
it
was
,
The
D●ke
of
Espernon's
preparation
,
and
the
policy
he
made
use
of
to
cover
his
design
.
that
,
whilst
he
was
making
preparation
for
his
departure
,
the
Duke
endeavour'd
to
conceal
his
Design
;
wherein
his
policy
was
of
infinite
use
,
and
this
that
follows
of
no
less
.
He
had
a
mind
to
send
away
before
his
Stable
of
manag'd
Horses
,
consisting
of
thirty
,
what
Gennets
,
and
Barbs
,
the
finest
,
and
best
in
France
,
and
equipage
he
had
ever
been
very
curious
to
maintain
,
as
he
continued
to
the
last
hour
of
his
life
.
These
horses
that
had
been
very
unfit
to
travel
such
Journeys
,
as
he
must
of
necessity
take
,
had
they
staid
to
go
along
with
him
,
and
that
could
not
in
the
mean
time
be
convey'd
out
of
Metz
,
without
much
notice
taken
,
to
hinder
that
observation
,
and
to
del●de
such
as
were
too
clear-sighted
,
and
too
prying
into
all
his
actions
,
the
Duke
caus'd
,
for
fifteen
days
together
,
bridled
,
sadled
,
and
in
all
their
equipage
as
they
had
been
to
go
a
long
Journey
,
to
be
led
out
at
several
Gates
of
the
City
:
wherein
though
it
was
given
out
by
the
Grooms
,
as
done
only
to
air
them
,
left
they
should
become
useless
by
standing
continually
still
;
yet
for
a
few
of
the
first
days
they
were
seen
to
go
out
in
that
manner
,
no
body
believ'd
other
than
that
they
were
the
Dukes
forerunners
,
who
intended
himself
soon
after
to
follow
.
An
opinion
that
made
the
people
crowd
in
multitudes
to
gaze
upon
the
sight
,
every
one
certainly
concluding
at
first
,
what
was
effectually
the
Duke's
real
design
:
but
in
the
end
,
seeing
them
,
after
a
walk
of
four
or
five
hours
,
continually
brought
back
at
night
,
and
that
which
at
first
surpriz'd
them
by
its
novelty
,
being
grown
familiar
by
the
continuation
of
it
,
even
the
most
penetratingly
inquisitive
began
to
grow
weary
of
their
suspicion
,
letting
them
at
last
pass
to
and
again
without
any
regard
at
all
.
And
then
it
was
that
the
Duke
commanded
the
Sieur
de
Campels
the
Gentleman
of
his
Horse
,
who
,
till
that
time
had
been
as
ignorant
as
the
rest
,
at
his
next
ordinary
sally
,
to
ride
clear
away
,
and
to
go
to
a
House
near
Sanserra
,
and
upon
the
Banks
of
the
River
Loire
,
call'd
Rezé
,
belonging
to
le
Puigeolet
his
Lieutenant
in
the
Regiment
of
Champagne
,
there
to
expect
him●
which
was
accordingly
perform'd
without
the
least
notice
taken
,
or
any
noise
at
all
.
This
part
being
thus
perform'd
,
le
Leige
,
Major
to
Rembure's
Regiment
,
a
Gentleman
very
expert
in
the
Geographical
Cart
,
and
an
excellent
Quarter-Master
for
the
lodging
of
an
Army
,
came
back
to
Metz
,
whom
the
Duke
had
sent
a
few
days
before
to
discover
all
the
ways
,
by
which
he
was
to
pass
into
Angoumo●s
;
by
whose
extraordinary
diligence
,
the
way
was
already
chalk'd
out
,
and
divided
into
Journeys
,
the
Fords
all
sounded
,
and
the
whole
thing
exactly
drawn
into
a
Map
.
After
all
which
precautions
,
the
Duke
still
living
at
Metz
,
as
if
he
never
had
design
to
part
from
thence
,
and
having
concluded
with
his
Sons
,
Rucellay
,
and
le
Plessis
the
day
of
his
setting
out
to
be
the
22.
of
Ianuary
the
ensuing
year
,
all
things
were
thenceforward
prepar'd
with
the
greatest
secre●ie
,
and
diligence
imaginable
,
to
be
ready
against
the
time
to
come
.
The
Queen
Mother
had
,
as
you
have
heard
,
signified
in
her
last
dispatch
,
that
she
was
in
hope
she
might
convey
her
person
to
any
place
the
Duke
should
think
fit
to
name
,
thinking
that
the
Letter
she
had
receiv'd
from
the
King
(
after
the
Protestation
she
had
made
to
Father
Arnoux
)
would
priviledge
her
so
to
do
,
she
having
full
liberty
given
her
therein
to
go
whither
she
pleas'd
into
any
part
of
the
Kingdom
:
but
because
that
it
was
probable
the
design
of
that
Letter
was
rather
to
comfort
her
in
her
solitude
,
and
to
swee●en
her
captivity
,
than
intended
to
give
her
absolute
liberty
to
dispose
of
her
person
;
it
was
moreover
thought
impossible
so
to
order
the
time
,
that
she
could
at
a
certain
and
punctual
hour
transfer
her self
to
a
place
where
she
might
be
free
to
dispose
of
her self
at
her
own
choice
:
Especially
considering
that
all
those
who
were
about
her
,
the
major
part
at
least
,
were
Servants
made
,
and
corrupted
by
the
Court
Minion
.
Which
sole
difficulty
appearing
invincible
,
it
was
at
last
resolv'd
,
that
,
to
avoid
all
suspicion
,
her
Majesty
should
not
stir
from
Blois
,
Anno
1619.
but
that
the
Duke
,
or
some
other
trusty
person
by
him
appointed
should
advance
thither
,
to
receive
,
and
convey
her
first
to
Loches
,
The
Archbishop
of
Tholouze
,
afterwards
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
,
departs
from
Metz
before
the
Duke
his
〈◊〉
.
and
from
thence
to
Angoulesme
.
This
resolution
being
taken
,
the
Archbishop
of
Tholouze
,
attended
only
by
his
own
ordinary
Train
,
parted
from
Metz
eight
days
before
the
Duke
his
Father
,
to
go
into
Angoumois
.
The
pretense
of
this
Journey
was
to
try
to
raise
mony
upon
their
Territories
in
those
parts
for
their
better
support
,
they
having
not
(
as
was
pretended
)
wherewithal
to
defray
their
necessary
expense
,
the
Duke's
Offices
being
now
no
longer
paid
him
since
his
dispute
with
the
Garde
des
Sceaux
;
though
indeed
the
true
cause
of
his
going
was
to
confirm
the
Servants
the
Duke
had
in
his
Governments
there
in
their
Duty
,
and
to
secure
the
strong
Holds
he
had
in
Xaintonge
and
Angoumois
,
by
a
seasonable
prevention
of
any
practice
from
Court
.
There
was
also
at
the
same
time
a
dispatch
sent
to
the
Queen
Mother
,
to
acquaint
her
with
their
resolutions
,
that
she
might
make
her self
ready
against
the
day
prefix'd
;
the
charge
whereof
Rucellay
having
taken
upon
himself
,
he
intrusted
it
to
a
young
fellow
whose
name
was
Lorme
,
one
whom
he
had
bred
up
of
a
Page
,
and
by
whom
he
had
in
truth
been
very
faithfully
serv'd
at
Court
,
in
some
affairs
of
no
ordinary
nature
;
though
in
this
,
and
in
the
most
critical
time
for
the
ruine
of
the
Enterprize
in
hand
,
he
play'd
fowl
,
and
stumbled
into
the
foulest
Treachery
in
the
world
.
He
had
often
been
employ'd
to
and
fro
upon
this
occasion
,
wherein
he
had
ever
acquitted
himself
with
great
sincerity
and
discretion
:
but
now
,
though
he
had
not
penetrated
into
the
depth
of
the
design
,
yet
guessing
by
the
secresie
had
been
enjoyn'd
him
,
that
it
must
necessarily
be
of
very
great
importance
,
what
recompenses
soever
he
had
been
promis'd
by
his
Master
,
he
chose
rather
by
his
infidelity
to
obtain
them
,
than
by
a
vertuous
action
to
deserve
them
.
Instead
therefore
of
going
to
Blois
,
and
from
thence
to
Confolant
in
Angoumois
(
where
he
was
order'd
to
expect
the
Duke
,
after
he
should
be
dismiss'd
by
the
Queen
,
from
whom
he
was
to
bring
an
accompt
of
the
precise
day
of
her
escape
)
he
went
directly
to
Paris
,
where
he
address'd
himself
to
some
of
the
Duke
de
Luines
his
Servants
,
to
be
by
them
presented
to
their
Master
;
to
whom
he
said
,
provided
he
might
be
secur'd
of
a
good
reward
,
he
would
discover
something
of
more
than
common
concern
.
The
whole
design
in
great
danger
to
be
ruin'd
,
through
the
infidelity
of
one
of
Ruc●llay's
Servants
.
To
this
desperate
pass
was
the
state
of
Affairs
reduc'd
,
when
Fortune
by
a
strange
and
unexpected
accident
set
the
Machine
again
on
work
upon
its
own
proper
Base
.
Those
to
whom
Lorme
had
apply'd
himself
for
admission
to
Luines
,
looking
upon
him
as
an
Impostor
,
either
made
no
mention
of
him
to
the
Duke
at
all
,
or
,
if
they
did
,
represented
him
for
such
a
fellow
,
as
they
themselves
took
him
to
be
,
making
him
wait
at
the
Gates
for
three
whole
days
together
,
without
giving
him
either
admittance
,
or
answer
.
In
the
interval
of
which
three
days
le
Buisson
,
a
Counsellor
in
the
Parliament
of
Paris
,
heard
by
chance
that
Lorme
,
Rucellay's
man
was
in
Town
;
which
he
had
from
one
of
his
own
people
,
who
,
being
of
Lorme's
acquaintance
,
had
met
him
accidentally
in
the
street
.
At
which
intelligence
le
Buisson
(
a
man
passionately
devoted
to
the
Queen
Mother
,
privy
to
her
designs
,
and
an
affectionate
Servant
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
,
by
reason
of
a
Brother
of
his
,
a
Lieutenant
in
the
Regiment
of
Guards
,
who
was
one
of
the
Duke's
domesticks
,
being
infinitely
surpriz'd
;
forasmuch
as
Lorme
had
at
other
times
ever
been
directed
immediately
to
him
,
and
not
being
able
to
comprehend
the
cause
of
this
alteration
,
began
presently
to
suspect
there
was
some
knavery
in
the
wind
.
He
therefore
presently
took
order
to
have
my
companion
narrowly
watch'd
,
and
was
by
his
spies
as
faithfully
inform'd
of
his
being
continually
seen
waiting
at
the
Duke
de
Luines
his
Gate
;
by
which
discovery
judging
aright
at
what
he
was
about
,
and
foreseeing
what
mischief
the
sight
of
those
Letters
,
he
knew
he
had
about
him
,
would
produce
,
he
undertook
a
dangerous
,
but
a
very
necessary
act
,
and
that
indeed
prov'd
the
safety
of
the
whole
design
.
By
a
supposititious
hand
,
one
that
took
upon
him
to
be
a
Servant
to
the
Duke
de
Luines
,
he
caus'd
five
hundred
crowns
to
be
paid
down
to
Lorme
by
virtue
of
which
he
retriv'd
the
Packet
out
of
his
hands
,
disposing
so
of
Lorme
himself
,
that
he
was
never
seen
or
heard
of
after
;
by
which
means
this
great
design
in
the
greatest
danger
imaginable
to
be
discover'd
,
and
lost
,
was
again
restor'd
to
its
former
condition
.
The
Duke
,
who
as
yet
was
totally
ignorant
of
Lorme's
treachery
,
and
▪
who
knew
nothing
of
it
of
above
a
month
after
,
put
himself
in
the
mean
time
upon
his
Journey
;
the
order
whereof
at
his
setting
out
,
and
which
he
also
continu'd
during
the
whole
Voyage
,
The
D●ke's
prudent
conduct
in
the
manner
of
his
departure
from
Metz.
I
shall
here
present
you
.
Wherein
we
shall
observe
so
admirable
a
conduct
,
that
we
cannot
forbear
(
notwithstanding
the
Duke's
modesty
)
who
ever
gave
Fortune
too
great
a
share
in
all
his
performances
)
to
attribute
the
whole
success
of
this
enterprize
immediately
to
his
own
prudence
.
No
body
knew
of
his
resolution
,
till
the
night
before
his
departure
,
when
all
the
Gates
of
the
City
being
shut
,
which
at
Metz
(
as
at
all
other
Frontier
Towns
)
was
commonly
betimes
,
he
commanded
every
one
to
make
ready
for
their
departure
the
next
morning
.
He
had
some
time
before
this
caus'd
eight
thousand
Pistols
(
his
whole
stock
at
that
time
)
to
be
sowed
up
in
Girdles
of
Leather
(
which
were
all
found
in
his
Truncks
at
his
death
in
the
same
condition
they
were
at
his
departure
from
Metz
)
such
as
a
man
might
,
without
much
trouble
,
wear
about
him
,
which
he
distributed
to
fifteen
Gentlemen
of
his
Family
(
whom
he
knew
to
be
the
most
faithful
,
and
that
were
the
best
mounted
)
to
take
care
of
,
with
orders
to
follow
him
wherever
he
went
,
should
any
cross
accident
befal
him
in
the
way
.
His
Jewels
also
,
which
were
lock'd
up
in
a
little
iron
Chest
,
and
carried
in
a
Male
,
was
committed
to
a
Valet
de
Chambre
of
approv'd
fidelity
,
who
had
likewise
order
not
to
stir
from
his
person
.
He
had
fifty
Gentlemen
only
in
his
company
,
every
one
arm'd
with
a
Case
of
Pistols
,
and
a
Carabine
,
forty
Guards
,
with
each
one
a
Musket
,
and
a
case
of
Pistols
,
fifteen
Sumpter
Mules
,
the
ordinary
Officers
of
his
Houshold
,
with
several
common
Servants
.
With
this
Troop
amounting
in
all
not
to
above
an
hundred
good
Horse
(
and
that
would
have
been
too
little
had
he
gone
upon
the
accompt
of
a
private
quarrel
only
)
the
Duke
of
Espernon
adventur'd
upon
a
Journey
,
contrary
to
the
King
's
express
Order
,
from
one
extremity
of
the
Kingdom
to
another
,
and
thence
to
return
back
again
into
the
very
heart
of
the
same
Kingdom
,
there
to
assist
the
Queen
Mother
;
resolv'd
(
contrary
to
the
King's
will
)
to
make
her
escape
from
a
place
,
to
which
she
had
been
,
by
his
Majesty
in
the
nature
of
a
Prison
,
confin'd
;
and
without
certainly
knowing
by
whom
he
was
to
be
assisted
in
his
design
,
undertook
to
change
the
face
of
a
mighty
State
,
so
quiet
,
and
so
united
within
it self
,
as
that
it
seem'd
impossible
either
at
home
or
abroad
to
be
threatned
with
the
least
danger
,
or
trouble
:
Wherein
,
if
the
attempt
was
bold
,
we
shall
find
the
execution
no
less
worthy
to
be
admir'd
.
He
must
alone
make
an
end
of
what
he
had
alone
begun
,
his
good
Fortune
,
it
seems
,
to
his
Glory
,
ordering
it
so
,
that
not
one
great
man
of
the
Kingdom
(
either
envying
,
or
astonish'd
at
so
daring
a
design
)
would
be
drawn
to
embark
in
an
action
the
honour
and
success
whereof
could
derive
to
none
but
the
Duke
of
Espernon
:
Memoires
de
Monsieur
de
Rohan
.
So
that
they
were
content
to
let
him
bustle
it
out
alone
,
whilst
themselves
sate
idle
spectators
of
this
haughty
and
noble
Enterprize
;
though
it
was
certainly
reported
,
and
believ'd
,
that
many
of
them
had
engag'd
themselves
to
the
Queen
to
serve
her
upon
this
occassion
.
The
Duke
having
thus
order'd
his
little
Train
,
and
not
being
able
to
separate
himself
from
the
Marquis
de
la
Valette
his
most
beloved
Son
,
without
taking
his
leave
,
he
call'd
him
aside
,
where
embracing
him
with
the
tenderness
of
an
affectionate
Father
,
he
told
him
;
That
the
greatest
testimony
he
could
possibly
give
him
of
his
Affection
and
Esteem
,
was
(
as
he
now
did
)
to
commit
to
his
Vigilancy
,
and
Valour
the
Custody
of
Metz
,
it
being
the
principal
member
of
his
Fortune
;
and
to
the
conservation
of
which
he
ought
to
be
the
more
awake
,
as
it
concern'd
himself
much
more
than
it
did
him
,
who
having
but
a
short
time
to
live
,
could
expect
but
a
few
years
possession
:
That
he
might
assure
himself
,
he
should
with
the
soonest
be
beleaguer'd
with
all
the
Forces
the
King
could
make
;
and
that
no
better
was
to
be
expected
from
the
Inhabitants
,
how
well
affected
soever
they
might
pretend
to
be
;
to
oppose
both
which
,
much
prudence
and
constancy
would
be
requir'd
:
That
upon
the
success
of
the
Action
,
wherein
they
were
now
engag'd
,
depended
not
only
their
Fortunes
,
but
their
Reputations
also
;
which
if
it
succeeded
well
,
they
should
be
loaded
with
Honour
;
but
if
otherwise
,
be
look'd
upon
as
Criminals
,
and
Traytors
:
That
therefore
they
were
to
put
on
a
Resolution
rather
to
dye
,
than
to
fall
into
that
disgrace
;
but
that
it
was
much
better
to
live
,
and
to
overcome
,
as
his
heart
assur'd
him
they
should
honourably
,
and
fortunately
do
.
By
which
few
words
the
Marquis
,
being
confirm'd
in
the
generous
resolution
he
before
had
taken
,
humbly
besought
the
Duke
his
Father
to
be
confident
he
would
never
do
any
thing
unworthy
his
own
Birth
,
or
his
expectation
;
when
his
tears
having
stop'd
all
further
expression
,
he
by
that
tenderness
gave
a
much
better
testimony
of
his
courage
than
otherwise
,
and
at
a
greater
liberty
of
speech
,
his
own
modesty
would
perhaps
have
permitted
him
to
do
.
The
Duke
was
no
sooner
parted
from
his
Son
,
The
Duke
goes
out
of
Metz.
but
that
he
presently
went
to
Horse
to
begin
his
Journey
,
it
being
Monday
the
two
and
twentieth
of
Ianuary
,
as
had
been
before
appointed
.
The
Gates
of
the
City
had
not
been
opened
since
the
evening
before
,
and
then
only
that
by
which
the
Duke
was
to
sally
;
which
was
also
shut
again
so
soon
as
he
(
who
would
himself
be
the
last
man
)
was
gone
out
:
Neither
of
three
days
after
his
departure
was
any
one
opened
at
all
,
the
Duke
having
moreover
(
lest
any
Tickets
might
be
thrown
over
the
Walls
,
or
any
persons
let
down
,
who
might
carry
intelligence
of
his
motion
to
Court
)
left
order
with
Paul
,
Lieutenant
to
a
Company
of
Carabines
,
belonging
to
the
Garrison
of
Metz
,
night
and
day
to
scour
the
Road
to
Paris
,
and
to
intercept
,
and
stop
all
that
should
travel
that
way
;
a
precaution
of
so
good
use
,
that
the
last
news
the
Court
receiv'd
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
departure
,
came
from
Metz
,
so
well
had
all
the
Avenues
been
guarded
on
that
side
.
The
Duke
,
being
now
out
of
the
City
,
pursu'd
his
way
with
great
diligence
,
taking
as
long
Journeys
as
the
heaviness
of
his
Sumpter-Mules
would
permit
,
which
,
though
they
ty'd
him
to
one
stage
a
day
,
yet
was
that
stage
always
nine
or
ten
Leagues
at
least
;
and
his
good
Fortune
was
such
,
that
at
this
season
,
commonly
the
most
turbulent
of
all
the
year
,
the
weather
was
so
exceedingly
favourable
and
fair
,
that
there
fell
not
one
drop
of
rain
all
the
way
;
insomuch
that
he
not
only
could
foard
all
the
Rivers
,
but
mounting
every
morning
so
soon
as
the
Sun
was
up
,
both
he
and
all
his
company
rid
without
their
Cloaks
all
the
day
long
,
as
it
had
been
the
warmest
time
in
Summer
.
The
fourth
day
after
his
departure
from
Metz
,
he
pass'd
by
the
Trenches
of
Dijon
,
where
the
Duke
of
Bellegarde
his
Cousin
being
Governour
both
of
the
Castle
,
and
Province
,
and
having
the
Sieur
de
Mun
his
Lieutenant
in
the
Castle
,
the
Duke
sent
for
him
,
who
being
it
seems
at
that
time
out
of
the
way
,
Fouqueroles
Ensign
to
the
Duke's
Life-Guard
came
out
in
his
stead
to
receive
the
Duke's
commands
.
Of
whom
the
Duke
having
enquir'd
of
the
Duke
his
Master
,
he
entreated
him
,
so
soon
as
he
should
write
,
to
present
his
Service
to
him
,
and
to
acquaint
him
with
his
motion
,
but
that
nevertheless
that
complement
requir'd
no
such
haste
,
that
he
was
oblig'd
to
do
it
otherwise
,
than
by
the
ordinary
way
of
the
Messenger
(
the
Packet
Office
being
at
that
time
not
erected
in
France
)
as
he
desir'd
he
would
not
do
;
adding
withal
,
that
having
been
starv'd
out
of
Metz
,
he
was
constrain'd
to
go
into
Xaintonge
,
and
Angoumois
to
live
there
upon
his
own
Estate
:
Wherein
,
though
Fouqueroles
promis'd
to
obey
his
Orders
,
yet
he
was
not
so
good
as
his
word
,
he
dispatching
away
an
express
Currier
the
next
morning
to
the
Duke
de
Bellegarde
,
to
acquaint
him
with
the
Duke's
motion
;
by
which
means
it
was
that
the
King
had
the
first
intelligence
of
his
departure
from
Metz
,
though
it
was
not
before
he
had
been
eight
days
upon
the
Road
,
and
that
it
was
now
too
late
to
stop
him
.
It
is
not
to
be
imagin'd
how
strangely
this
news
alarm'd
the
whole
Court
,
The
news
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
motion
carried
to
Court
.
the
King
openly
saying
,
that
he
ever
thought
if
the
Duke
of
Espernon
could
not
obtain
the
leave
he
desir'd
,
he
would
infallibly
take
it
:
but
the
Duke
de
Luines
,
conceiving
that
(
in
all
probability
)
the
Duke
would
never
have
done
such
a
thing
without
some
design
,
thought
fit
to
try
if
he
could
not
effect
that
by
fair
means
,
he
saw
was
not
to
be
done
by
foul
;
and
to
that
end
dispatch'd
away
le
Maine
(
otherwise
call'd
(
Chabans
)
to
the
Duke
,
with
a
Letter
from
the
King
to
Authorize
his
Voyage
,
together
with
all
assurance
of
satisfaction
in
his
Affairs
,
as
also
a
particular
complement
,
that
he
would
accept
of
his
Service
,
and
that
all
things
pass'd
might
be
no
more
remembred
betwixt
them
.
Which
Envoy
we
shall
in
due
time
find
upon
his
way
.
Dijon
being
pass'd
,
the
Duke
continu'd
his
Journey
without
intermission
,
baiting
,
or
staying
near
the
great
Towns
,
till
he
had
pass'd
the
River
Loire
at
Port
de
Vichi
;
from
whence
he
sent
a
new
dispatch
to
the
King
,
to
give
him
notice
of
his
Voyage
into
Xaintonge
,
and
Angoumois
;
where
he
had
(
as
he
said
)
no
other
design
,
than
to
live
under
his
Majesties
obedience
.
With
this
dispatch
Baussonniere
Nephew
to
le
Plessis
,
(
a
Gentleman
of
as
good
Parts
,
and
as
much
Valour
,
as
any
other
of
his
time
)
was
sent
away
to
Paris
,
where
at
his
arrival
he
was
very
well
receiv'd
;
but
hapning
to
be
still
at
Court
,
soliciting
an
answer
to
his
dispatch
,
when
the
news
was
brought
of
the
Queen
Mothers
escape
,
he
ran
a
very
great
hazard
of
his
life
,
his
head
being
often
brought
into
debate
,
that
in
his
person
they
might
punish
the
high
Offense
done
to
the
King
by
the
Duke
his
Master
.
Two
days
Journey
short
of
this
Port
de
Vichi
,
the
Duke's
Quarter-Masters
(
who
always
carried
Rucellay
along
with
them
in
disguise
,
and
who
,
the
better
to
conceal
him
,
us'd
him
with
no
other
respect
,
An
Encounter
by
the
way
.
than
as
a
Comrade
)
discover'd
two
Parties
of
Horse
standing
in
a
Field
,
a
little
distance
from
them
,
which
at
the
first
sight
they
apprehended
to
be
two
Troops
,
where
of
mention
had
been
made
to
the
Duke
,
one
of
Light-Horse
belonging
to
the
Queen
,
and
another
of
Carabines
commanded
by
Arnout
;
which
he
had
been
inform'd
were
dispos'd
in
Garrison
near
this
part
of
the
River
(
out
of
an
opinion
had
for
some
time
been
entertain'd
at
Court
,
that
the
Duke
(
whether
his
Majesty
would
consent
or
no
)
would
infallibly
undertake
this
Journey
into
G●ienne
)
to
obstruct
his
passage
.
And
indeed
those
Troops
had
wai●ed
some
time
thereabouts
;
but
whether
it
were
that
they
had
accidentally
only
been
Quarter'd
there
,
or
that
they
had
been
tyr'd
out
with
expecting
,
or
that
the
coming
of
the
Duke
's
great
Horses
towards
Sanserra
,
(
for
they
were
now
march'd
that
way
)
had
made
them
alter
their
design
:
but
so
it
was
that
the
Duke
receiv'd
not
the
least
impediment
from
them
.
His
people
notwithstanding
,
something
surpriz'd
at
the
sight
of
these
two
Troops
,
return'd
upon
the
spur
to
give
the
Duke
notice
of
what
they
had
seen
;
at
which
intelligence
,
as
at
a
thing
that
requir'd
some
consideration
,
he
made
a
little
halt
,
when
immediately
with
a
chearful
and
confident
countenance
,
he
said
to
those
who
were
with
him
.
We
are
now
come
too
far
my
Masters
,
to
return
back
again
,
we
must
either
thorow
,
or
dye
.
Which
being
said
whilst
he
was
drawing
up
to
charge
,
he
sent
to
discover
who
they
were
;
when
having
word
back
,
that
they
were
two
Gentlemen
,
who
,
being
at
Suits
,
had
rais'd
men
on
both
sides
to
take
possession
of
a
House
in
dispute
betwixt
them
,
he
continu'd
on
his
way
,
this
being
the
only
Alarm
he
receiv'd
throughout
the
whole
Journey
.
But
almost
in
the
same
place
,
Another
Encounter
with
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
miss'd
b●t
a
few
ho●rs
.
at
least
at
the
Pass
of
Briare
,
which
is
not
far
from
it
,
the
Duke
miss'd
very
little
of
an
Encounter
of
far
greater
importance
;
which
was
that
with
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
who
was
retiring
,
dissatisfied
enough
with
the
Court
,
into
his
Government
of
Provence
.
Neither
had
he
been
gone
above
two
hours
before
the
Duke
arriv'd
at
this
Pass
:
whereas
had
he
had
the
fortune
to
have
come
a
little
sooner
,
the
Duke
of
Guise
would
doubtless
have
had
much
ado
to
perswade
the
Court
,
that
so
pat
an
Encounter
had
not
been
before
compl●tted
betwixt
them
.
A
jealousie
that
the
known
friendship
betwixt
the
Duke
and
him
would
have
rendred
so
plausible
to
all
,
that
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
not
seeing
a
possibility
of
jnstifying
himself
against
so
violent
a
presumption
,
could
hardly
have
avoided
engaging
on
the
Queens
Party
,
seeing
he
must
inevitably
stand
highly
suspected
to
the
other
;
though
the
Duke
of
Espernon
concluding
him
absolutely
engag'd
in
the
same
design
,
did
not
much
care
to
send
after
him
,
for
fear
of
giving
the
Court
too
great
a
discovery
before
Affairs
were
yet
ripe
:
So
that
by
this
means
,
and
from
the
very
business
it self
,
wherein
he
was
thought
to
be
so
deeply
concern'd
,
as
perhaps
he
was
,
the
Duke
of
Guise
took
occasion
to
make
his
own
Game
at
Court
,
and
to
reconcile
himself
to
the
King
,
and
the
Favourites
,
he
sending
thither
,
seal'd
up
,
as
he
receiv'd
them
from
the
Queen
,
the
Packets
wherein
she
made
her
application
to
him
,
to
engage
him
in
her
designs
.
The
twentieth
day
after
the
Duke's
departure
from
Metz
,
he
arriv'd
at
Confolant
in
Angoumois
;
where
his
Son
,
the
Archbishop
of
Tholouze
,
together
with
the
Sieur
d'
Ambleville
,
the
King's
Lieutenant
in
the
Province
,
and
the
Duke's
most
faithful
friend
,
and
about
three
hundred
Gentlemen
more
,
came
to
wait
upon
him
.
And
here
it
was
that
the
Duke
was
infinitely
astonish'd
and
surpriz'd
;
he
had
all
the
way
expected
to
find
Lorme
there
,
with
the
Queens
instructions
about
the
manner
of
her
escape
:
but
his
treachery
(
as
yet
unknown
to
the
Duke
)
having
turn'd
him
quite
another
way
,
gave
the
Duke
reason
to
believe
,
either
that
the
Queen
Mother
had
alter'd
her
resolution
,
The
Duke
and
his
party
in
a
great
confusion
.
or
that
otherwise
she
had
been
betray'd
,
and
that
the
whole
design
had
been
discover'd
:
The
one
or
the
other
of
which
had
been
equally
ruinous
to
him
,
who
must
either
way
be
certainly
expos'd
single
,
and
naked
to
his
enemies
discretion
.
And
as
one
mischief
never
comes
alone
,
it
fell
out
,
that
in
the
heighr
of
this
confusion
,
he
was
assaulted
by
another
of
no
less
moment
,
and
that
consequently
added
very
much
to
the
perplexity
he
was
in
before
.
The
man
of
the
house
where
Rucellay
,
and
le
Plessis
lay
,
was
one
of
the
[
](A42794-e62810-b)*
*
Or
Cuirassiers
.
Gend'arme
of
the
King
's
own
Troop
,
whose
name
was
Betison
.
This
man
discoursing
with
Cadillac
le
Plessis's
Servant
about
the
Affairs
of
the
time
(
the
common
talk
of
that
kind
of
people
)
innocently
told
him
,
amongst
other
things
,
that
there
was
a
bruit
in
the
Country
,
as
if
the
Duke
were
come
to
carry
away
the
Queen
Mother
from
Blois
.
It
could
never
be
found
out
from
whence
this
rumour
should
arise
,
for
it
was
so
great
a
secret
in
the
Duke
's
own
Family
,
that
the
very
persons
who
were
continually
employ'd
in
it
,
had
not
the
least
inckling
thereof
.
Insomuch
that
Cadillac
,
who
was
himself
as
ignorant
as
the
rest
,
told
his
Master
this
story
for
a
ridiculous
thing
:
but
le
Plessis
,
who
took
it
after
another
manner
,
and
that
on
the
contrary
was
astonish'd
to
the
last
degree
,
that
an
affair
which
had
been
carried
on
with
the
greatest
secresie
imaginable
,
should
become
the
discourse
of
the
people
,
went
immediately
to
acquaint
Rucellay
with
what
he
had
heard
;
who
being
no
less
surpriz'd
,
than
he
,
they
went
both
together
to
the
Duke
,
who
was
yet
the
most
amaz'd
of
the
three
,
and
who
by
this
was
still
more
confirm'd
in
his
former
belief
,
that
he
was
abandoned
,
and
betray'd
,
wherein
also
the
appearances
were
so
great
,
that
his
opinion
was
not
indeed
much
to
be
contradicted
.
Le
Plessis
,
who
had
waded
very
deep
into
this
Affair
,
could
by
no
means
perswade
himself
that
the
Queen
had
any
ways
alter'd
her
resolution
,
yet
did
he
not
know
what
to
say
to
her
silence
;
He
saw
his
Master's
Enterprize
was
no
more
a
secret
,
and
that
consequently
he
could
not
,
without
eminent
danger
make
a
longer
stay
at
Confolant
,
his
residence
in
that
little
place
giving
too
manifest
evidence
of
some
secret
design
.
The
consideration
whereof
made
him
resolve
generously
to
expose
himself
to
search
out
the
truth
of
the
business
,
and
to
clear
those
doubts
the
Duke
was
in
at
the
hazard
of
his
own
life
.
Le
Plessis
takes
a
journey
to
discover
how
Affairs
stood
.
In
the
close
of
the
evening
therefore
he
departed
from
Confolant
upon
his
own
Horses
,
to
go
take
post
at
Chastelloraut
,
and
from
thence
to
Loches
;
where
,
as
he
pass'd
by
he
was
to
make
sure
of
la
Iliere
,
Governour
of
that
place
under
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
This
Gentleman
,
however
faithful
,
and
affectionate
to
the
Duke
his
Master
and
Benefactor
,
was
nevertheless
at
the
first
proposal
very
much
surpriz'd
with
the
greatness
of
this
design
,
and
to
such
a
degree
that
he
could
not
on
the
sudden
prevail
upon
himself
to
embark
in
an
Affair
,
wherein
he
discover'd
so
eminent
,
and
inevitable
danger
:
Insomuch
that
le
Plessis
not
being
able
to
overcome
his
apprehensions
,
and
aversions
,
at
this
first
Conference
,
durst
proceed
no
further
in
his
Journey
,
it
being
above
all
things
necessary
to
make
sure
of
Loches
.
In
the
inte●im
he
saw
he
lost
a
great
deal
of
time
,
and
the
Queen
he
knew
,
if
she
continu'd
in
her
first
resolution
,
must
needs
be
in
great
anxiety
,
and
suspense
.
He
had
moreover
great
reason
to
believe
that
the
news
of
the
Duke's
Voyage
was
by
this
time
arriv'd
at
Court
,
and
that
then
all
possible
diligence
would
be
us'd
(
whatever
they
might
be
)
to
prevent
his
designs
.
In
which
perplexity
,
not
daring
to
depart
from
Loches
,
without
having
first
made
Iliere
firm
to
their
purpose
;
or
at
least
till
the
Archbishop
of
Tholouze
(
who
was
to
follow
presently
after
him
)
should
come
to
secure
the
place
,
that
being
design'd
for
the
Queens
first
retreat
,
he
found
a
necessity
upon
him
of
committing
the
secret
of
this
great
and
important
Affair
to
Cadillac's
fidelity
and
discretion
:
Calling
him
therefore
to
him
,
entreating
,
and
conjuring
him
to
be
faithful
,
with
great
promises
of
reward
,
he
deliver'd
him
Letters
for
the
Queen
,
with
two
or
three
words
to
the
Count
de
Brenne
,
that
he
might
by
his
favour
be
admitted
to
her
Majesties
presence
.
The
Count
had
hitherto
,
't
is
true
,
been
entrusted
with
no
syllable
of
the
design
;
but
le
Plessis
knew
him
to
be
very
faithful
to
the
Queen
his
Mistriss
,
and
that
they
had
usually
apply'd
themselves
to
him
to
obtain
Access
,
for
several
private
Messengers
that
had
been
sent
to
her
Majesty
about
this
Affair
.
Cadillac
acquitted
himself
very
well
in
his
dispatch
,
he
came
to
Blois
,
presented
his
Letter
to
the
Count
de
Brenne
,
and
was
by
him
that
very
night
presented
to
the
Queen
,
who
entertain'd
him
some
time
alone
in
her
Cabinet
;
and
who
after
having
heard
the
humble
request
he
made
in
his
Masters
behalf
,
that
her
Majesty
would
please
to
send
some
trusty
person
to
Montis
(
a
post
stage
distant
only
from
Blois
)
with
whom
he
might
the
next
day
confidently
confer
.
She
made
answer
that
she
had
no
soul
about
her
whom
she
durst
trust
;
but
that
he
should
immediately
back
to
le
Plessis
,
to
tell
him
from
her
,
that
without
staying
at
Montis
,
he
should
come
on
as
far
as
the
Suburbs
of
Blois
,
where
at
the
little
Moor
he
should
hear
further
from
her
.
Cadillac
accordingly
return'd
,
riding
all
night
back
again
towards
his
Master
,
to
acquaint
him
with
the
Queens
desire
,
whom
at
his
arrival
at
Montis
,
he
found
got
thither
before
him
:
La
lliere
(
who
had
never
faultred
in
his
duty
,
and
whom
the
fear
of
his
Master's
safety
,
rather
than
any
consideration
of
his
own
,
had
made
a
little
shie
at
first
)
being
upon
better
deliberation
now
resolute
to
run
the
Duke's
fortune
,
having
it
should
seem
set
le
Plessis
at
liberty
to
pursue
his
Journey
:
wherein
nevertheless
he
light
upon
an
Encounter
by
the
way
,
that
had
again
almost
overthrown
the
whole
design
;
and
that
had
certainly
done
it
,
had
he
not
by
his
dexterity
,
and
the
vivacity
of
his
judgment
,
manag'd
it
in
such
sort
,
as
to
make
it
in
the
end
contribute
much
to
the
good
success
of
the
Affair
in
hand
.
You
have
already
heard
that
upon
the
first
intelligence
the
Court
receiv'd
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
departure
from
Metz
,
An
unexpected
and
important
Encounter
upon
the
way
.
Luines
had
dispatch'd
away
le
Maine
to
him
with
an
approbation
of
his
Journey
from
the
King
;
and
it
now
fell
out
that
this
Gentleman
in
pursuance
of
that
dispatch
,
hapned
to
meet
le
Plessis
upon
the
Road
betwixt
Ambois
,
and
Blois
;
an
Encounter
that
did
not
a
little
surprize
le
Plessis
,
who
knew
him
to
be
a
subtle
man
,
and
no
very
good
friend
to
the
Duke
,
by
whom
he
conceiv'd
he
had
not
been
so
well
us'd
,
as
he
deserv'd
to
be
.
Neither
was
there
any
possibility
of
passing
by
him
unknown
,
they
had
been
too
long
acquainted
at
Court
for
that
;
and
it
was
much
to
be
fear'd
,
lest
the
meeting
of
le
Plessis
upon
this
Road
might
make
le
Maine
penetrate
into
the
truth
of
his
design
,
and
consequently
endeavour
to
obstruct
it
.
In
this
apprehension
,
I
have
heard
le
Plessis
say
,
That
he
was
once
in
mind
to
have
kill'd
him
;
though
considering
that
an
act
of
that
nature
was
likely
to
draw
after
it
consequences
that
might
utterly
overthrow
the
Affair
he
had
in
hand
,
he
quickly
alter'd
that
resolution
;
conceiving
it
therefore
better
not
to
avoid
his
Encounter
,
he
went
chearfully
up
to
him
,
where
after
he
had
some
time
entertain'd
him
with
great
demonstrations
of
intimacy
,
and
friendship
,
he
so
order'd
the
matter
,
that
he
(
without
discovering
the
true
intent
of
his
own
)
got
out
of
le
Maine
the
business
of
his
Journey
,
which
was
,
that
he
was
sent
by
the
King
,
and
the
Duke
de
Luines
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
to
let
him
know
that
his
Majesty
was
very
well
satisfied
with
his
expedition
,
and
that
Luines
desir'd
to
be
his
Servant
.
In
order
whereunto
,
having
further
enquir'd
of
le
Plessis
where
he
might
find
the
Duke
,
he
made
answer
,
that
certainly
at
Angoulesme
,
where
he
arriv'd
two
days
before
he
came
from
thence
.
After
this
manner
did
le
Plessis
disingage
himself
from
this
dangerous
encounter
,
diverting
le
Maine
from
the
way
to
Loches
,
whither
before
he
was
going
,
to
go
enquire
upon
the
Post
Road
some
more
certain
news
of
the
Duke
:
Whereas
had
he
held
on
his
way
,
and
met
him
at
Loches
,
as
infallibly
he
had
,
the
Queens
Affairs
had
yet
been
in
very
great
danger
,
le
Maine
returning
in
all
diligence
to
Court
,
having
had
leisure
enough
to
give
Luines
time
,
either
to
prevent
the
Queen
Mothers
escape
,
or
at
least
to
have
taken
her
upon
the
way
,
had
she
been
gone
from
thence
,
Loches
being
but
one
days
Journey
Post
from
Paris
.
This
untoward
accident
thus
shuffled
off
,
L●
Plessis
c●ming
to
Blois
,
is
secretly
admitted
into
the
Queens
Chamber
.
and
le
Plessis
being
inform'd
by
Cadillac
of
the
Queen
Mothers
order
for
him
to
come
into
the
Suburbs
of
Blois
,
he
fail'd
not
to
execute
her
commands
;
where
he
was
no
sooner
arriv'd
,
but
that
the
Count
de
Brenne's
Steward
came
to
seek
him
,
to
guide
him
to
the
Castle
,
and
to
lodge
him
in
the
Anti-Chambre
of
the
Count
his
Master
.
Night
therefore
being
come
,
he
was
accordingly
by
him
conducted
thither
,
when
,
so
soon
as
every
body
was
retir'd
,
and
the
Queen
left
at
liberty
,
and
alone
,
she
sent
for
him
into
her
Chamber
,
to
consult
with
him
what
remain'd
to
be
done
;
where
after
he
had
in
few
words
given
her
an
accompt
of
the
long
,
and
dangerous
Voyage
his
Master
had
undertaken
,
out
of
the
sole
,
and
passionate
desire
he
had
to
serve
her
,
and
that
she
had
acknowledged
that
obligation
in
the
handsomest
manner
she
could
by
words
express
,
le
Plessis
proceeded
to
represent
to
her
Majesty
the
many
dangers
that
attended
this
delay
,
remonstrating
to
her
:
That
it
was
now
a
great
while
since
the
Duke's
departure
from
Metz
:
That
he
had
already
waited
four
or
five
days
in
a
Village
,
in
expectation
of
her
Majesties
Commands
in
order
to
her
escape
:
That
the
true
design
of
the
Duke's
Journey
(
though
he
believ'd
it
had
no
other
ground
than
meer
suspicion
)
was
already
become
the
common
discourse
of
the
people
:
That
he
had
met
le
Maine
going
towards
the
Duke
,
upon
the
intelligence
had
already
been
carried
to
Court
of
his
departure
from
Metz
;
and
that
therefore
it
was
very
requis●te
her
Majesty
should
make
immediate
use
of
the
present
occasion
,
which
perhaps
might
in
two
days
be
irrecoverably
lost
.
To
which
the
Queen
made
answer
:
That
she
was
of
his
opinion
,
and
that
therefore
they
were
then
instantly
to
resolve
upon
the
order
,
and
the
the
means
of
her
escape
.
Whereunto
le
Plessis
having
reply'd
,
That
that
depended
chiefly
upon
some
man
of
Trust
:
The
Queen
made
answer
again
:
That
she
had
not
one
about
her
(
Chanteloube
the
only
man
of
all
her
domesticks
,
to
whom
she
had
entrusted
the
secret
of
that
Affair
,
being
dispatch'd
away
to
the
Princes
,
and
Lords
,
which
she
either
conceiv'd
already
were
,
or
soon
would
be
engag'd
in
her
Quarrel
)
in
whom
she
durst
confide
.
Whereupon
,
le
Plessis
conceiving
there
might
be
something
of
the
humour
of
her
Sex
,
or
Nation
,
in
so
general
a
distrust
,
of
his
own
accord
propos'd
to
her
the
Count
de
Brenne
;
who
,
he
said
,
had
sufficiently
manifested
his
fidelity
in
those
Services
he
had
already
perform'd
.
A
proposition
the
Queen
did
not
seem
absolutely
to
reject
,
saying
(
which
are
her
own
very
words
)
,
That
't
was
true
she
believ'd
the
Count
to
be
a
man
of
honour
,
but
that
notwithstanding
she
thought
him
very
young
for
the
conduct
of
so
important
an
Affair
.
Which
scruple
being
satisfied
by
le
Plessis
,
undertaking
to
make
him
capable
enough
;
and
seeing
it
was
necessary
to
trust
some
one
of
the
Queens
domesticks
,
he
thought
a
man
of
his
condition
,
her
Majesties
Gentleman
of
the
Horse
,
and
Brother
to
the
Marquis
de
Mony
,
a
most
passionate
Servant
of
hers
,
was
the
most
proper
of
all
others
to
be
made
use
of
in
this
occasion
.
And
accordingly
,
though
it
was
then
very
far
in
far
in
the
night
,
went
immediately
to
talk
with
him
about
it
;
to
whom
(
after
he
had
felt
his
pulse
a
while
,
and
found
him
very
ready
to
undertake
any
thing
for
her
Majesties
Service
●
he
at
last
declar'd
the
resolution
had
been
taken
,
to
deliver
the
Queen
Mother
out
of
her
captivity
:
a
design
,
that
he
told
him
was
to
be
executed
by
a
person
of
very
great
quality
,
concealing
however
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
name
)
who
had
drawn
great
Forces
together
in
his
Government
,
to
favour
her
Majesties
retreat
;
and
in
conclusion
,
that
therefore
he
was
the
very
next
day
to
take
order
for
Ladders
,
to
get
the
Coaches
ready
,
and
to
lay
in
fresh
Horses
,
with
all
the
secresie
he
in
his
own
discretion
should
think
fit
,
to
the
end
that
the
night
following
without
further
delay
her
Majesty
might
be
restor'd
to
her
former
Freedom
.
Not
forgetting
withal
to
recommend
to
his
consideration
,
what
he
might
expect
from
the
gratitude
of
a
Mistriss
,
restor'd
again
to
the
whole
sway
of
Affairs
,
her
due
Authority
,
and
Greatness
;
besides
the
honour
he
would
infallibly
acquire
to
himself
in
so
glorious
an
occasion
.
The
Count
thus
prepar'd
and
instructed
,
Preparation
for
the
Q●eens
escape
.
accordingly
made
provision
of
all
things
necessary
for
the
design
;
and
le
Plessis
himself
remaining
conceal'd
in
the
Queens
Cabinet
(
either
to
be
,
as
it
were
,
a
Hostage
for
his
Master's
fidelity
,
or
to
be
present
with
his
directions
in
the
execution
of
the
design
)
sent
Cadillac
only
back
to
the
Archbishop
of
Tholouze
,
to
acquaint
him
with
the
Queens
readiness
,
the
night
following
to
make
her
escape
.
The
Archbishop
,
who
was
to
part
from
Confolans
immediately
after
le
Plessis
,
had
order
to
advance
no
further
than
Loches
(
that
place
being
design'd
for
the
Queens
first
reception
)
only
to
clear
the
Road
in
order
thereunto
:
but
le
Plessis
by
Cadillac
intreated
him
to
advance
as
far
as
Montrichart
,
which
was
half
way
betwixt
Blois
and
Loches
;
assuring
him
that
the
Queen
would
infallibly
come
thither
the
night
following
,
which
hapned
to
be
the
22.
of
Feb.
an
exact
month
to
a
day
after
the
Duke's
departure
from
Metz.
Cadillac
therefore
posted
with
extraordinary
diligence
back
again
to
Loches
to
meet
the
Archbishop
there
;
where
being
come
,
he
found
not
only
the
Son
,
but
the
Father
also
,
entring
together
the
Suburbs
of
the
City
.
The
reason
of
which
was
,
that
though
it
had
been
at
first
resolv'd
,
the
Son
should
go
before
with
twenty
or
thirty
Gentlemen
only
,
to
make
the
less
noise
,
and
give
the
less
suspicion
;
yet
could
not
the
Duke
his
Father
,
when
it
came
to'●
,
consent
to
let
him
go
so
slenderly
attended
,
where
he
apprehended
the
peril
to
be
so
manifest
,
and
great
.
He
knew
not
,
in
the
anxiety
and
doubt
wherewith
he
was
involv'd
,
what
to
think
of
the
Queens
silence
,
of
whom
he
had
hitherto
heard
no
news
at
all
,
to
which
the
rumour
that
was
already
spread
abroad
of
his
real
design
,
having
more
encreas'd
his
apprehension
,
nature
would
not
permit
him
to
expose
his
Son
to
so
great
an
adventure
,
chusing
much
rather
to
run
the
whole
hazard
together
with
him
,
than
that
he
alone
should
tempt
the
danger
,
whilst
himself
lay
idle
and
secure
.
Cadillac
,
The
Duke
of
〈◊〉
hears
from
the
Queen
.
having
discover'd
them
at
distance
,
spur'd
up
to
them
,
transported
with
joy
of
the
good
news
he
brought
;
where
he
gave
them
a
full
relation
of
what
had
pass'd
betwixt
the
Queen
,
and
himself
,
and
of
what
he
had
in
Commission
from
his
Master
,
together
with
her
Majesties
readiness
to
depart
,
and
the
secresie
that
had
hither
to
been
preserv'd
in
the
Queens
Houshold
:
but
he
could
give
them
no
accompt
,
why
they
had
heard
nothing
from
her
Majesty
at
Confolans
,
she
having
deny'd
to
le
Plessis
that
Lorm●
had
ever
been
with
her
,
as
it
was
too
true
;
or
that
she
had
ever
heard
●
syllable
from
the
Duke
,
since
his
departure
from
Metz
,
which
she
said
had
put
her
into
no
little
fear
.
And
here
I
cannot
but
wonder
at
the
infirmities
of
men
,
and
the
●isproportion
we
may
sometimes
observe
in
the
bravest
and
most
heroick
minds
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon
had
for
six
months
together
been
continually
projecting
this
design
,
had
foreseen
all
the
accidents
could
happen
,
was
come
from
Metz
for
no
other
end
,
an●
had
wish'd
for
nothing
more
than
to
see
things
at
the
pass
they
now
were
:
notwithstanding
all
which
he
was
strangely
astonish'd
at
this
news
,
and
the
immediate
sight
of
the
object
representing
to
his
imagination
at
once
,
what
●
he
had
only
consider'd
by
particulars
before
,
he
seem'd
to
stagger
in
his
resolution
whether
he
should
proceed
any
fu●ther
or
no
in
an
Enterprize
,
the
last
Act
whereof
could
only
crown
all
the
rest
,
and
secure
him
for
what
was
already
done
.
He
made
Cadillac
repeat
above
an
hundred
times
in
less
than
half
an
hour
,
what
the
Queen
,
and
what
his
Master
had
said
,
with
what
he
had
himself
observ'd
:
when
suddenly
,
and
of
himself
,
grown
generously
resolute
in
his
first
design
,
he
commanded
Cadillac
to
return
immediately
to
le
Plessis
,
and
to
assure
him
,
that
the
night
following
,
the
Archbishop
his
Son
with
fifty
Light-Horse
should
infallibly
be
ready
at
Montrichart
,
and
that
the
next
day
after
himself
would
follow
with
the
rest
of
his
party
,
to
receive
the
Queen
,
and
to
secure
her
retreat
,
should
any
thing
upon
the
way
be
attempted
against
her
.
The
end
of
the
Seventh
Book
.
THE
HISTORY
Of
the
LIFE
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
The
Eighth
Book
.
IF
the
Duke
had
on
his
part
been
alarm'd
with
these
jealousies
and
mistrusts
,
The
Queen
prepares
for
her
escape
.
the
Queens
Servants
on
the
other
side
were
in
no
less
diffidence
and
fear
.
These
were
upon
this
occasion
reduc'd
to
a
very
contemptible
number
;
wherein
I
cannot
but
admire
,
that
in
so
plentiful
a
fortune
,
as
this
Princess
was
Mistriss
of
(
notwithstanding
her
disgrace
)
there
was
so
little
fidelity
to
be
found
amongst
her
people
,
that
she
durst
entrust
the
secret
of
this
Affair
to
but
four
of
her
domesticks
only
.
Of
these
the
Count
de
Brenne
was
the
chief
,
the
others
were
Mazure
,
and
du
Lion
[
](A42794-e64160-b)*
*
Exempts
des
Gardes
are
old
Souldiers
of
the
Royal
Guards
,
who
as
a
recompense
for
their
long
Services
are
priviledg'd
and
exempt
from
Duty
,
Taxes
,
and
Imposts
,
common
to
the
rest
of
the
people
.
Exempts
of
her
Guards
,
and
Katherine
one
of
the
women
of
her
Chamber
,
an
Italian
,
and
exceeding
faithful
.
These
being
all
strangers
to
le
Plessis
(
and
the
Duke
of
Espernon
being
not
as
yet
declar'd
undertaker
of
the
Enterprize
)
disputed
very
stiffly
against
her
Majesties
resolution
,
as
being
very
unwilling
to
consent
she
should
commit
her
safety
to
persons
altogether
unknown
.
The
debate
whereof
was
very
hot
in
the
Queens
Closet
,
whilst
in
the
mean
time
her
Cabinets
were
packing
up
with
her
choicest
Jewels
,
where
though
they
could
not
very
well
approve
of
the
thing
,
yet
had
they
not
however
neglected
to
fix
the
Ladders
;
and
Cadillac
who
had
set
out
of
Loches
by
eight
of
the
clock
that
evening
,
was
got
betwixt
twelve
and
one
,
upon
the
Bridge
of
Blois
,
to
give
the
last
blow
to
the
design
.
He
was
here
staid
by
the
Count
de
Brenne's
Gentleman
of
his
Horse
,
and
one
of
the
Queens
Footmen
,
who
had
been
to
convey
the
Coach
out
of
Town
,
and
who
had
orders
to
suffer
one
Currier
only
to
pass
;
which
,
though
this
were
the
man
intended
in
that
direction
,
yet
would
they
not
permit
him
to
pass
upon
his
own
word
,
but
would
themselves
go
along
with
him
to
the
Castle
,
though
he
had
taken
so
exact
observation
before
of
the
way
from
without
the
City
,
to
the
Ladders
that
he
serv'd
for
a
guide
to
those
,
who
pretended
to
conduct
him
.
In
the
heat
therefore
of
this
diligence
,
he
was
not
long
e're
he
recover'd
the
first
Ladder
,
by
which
having
mounted
the
Terrass
,
he
went
to
the
second
,
which
from
the
Terrass
lead
up
to
the
Queens
Closet
Window
,
by
which
she
was
to
come
out
.
Being
got
up
to
the
Window
,
which
he
found
shut
,
he
there
heard
the
noise
the
Queens
Servants
made
in
their
Debate
;
who
were
not
yet
to
be
perswaded
out
of
the
apprehensions
they
had
conceiv'd
of
her
Majesties
person
,
and
safety
.
Which
first
fears
had
been
infinitely
augmented
,
by
the
recovery
of
the
Packet
entrusted
to
Lorme
,
and
retriv'd
by
le
Büisson
,
which
the
Queen
had
but
that
very
night
,
and
almost
at
the
same
instant
receiv'd
:
by
which
,
though
they
were
satisfied
the
treachery
had
fail'd
of
its
effect
,
that
knowledge
was
nevertheless
so
far
from
making
them
secure
,
that
on
the
contrary
it
awak'd
their
jealousie
,
and
by
rendring
them
more
apprehensive
of
others
which
they
doubted
might
succeed
,
made
them
more
circumspect
than
before
:
Wherein
though
the
Queen
appea●'d
the
least
surpriz'd
,
yet
did
she
not
think
it
as
yet
convenient
to
discover
the
person
who
was
to
assist
her
in
this
escape
.
Whilst
they
were
in
this
suspense
,
Cadillac
knock'd
at
the
Window
,
who
brought
news
that
would
satisfie
all
their
doubts
.
The
Window
was
presently
open'd
to
Floze
his
man
(
that
being
the
phrase
)
who
was
no
sooner
within
the
Cabinet
,
but
that
transported
with
joy
,
to
see
things
so
well
prepar'd
,
he
threw
himself
at
her
Majesties
feet
,
telling
her
,
that
now
all
things
were
in
as
good
a
posture
,
as
her
Majesty
could
her self
desire
;
that
Monsieur
d'
Espernon
was
at
Loches
,
Monsieur
de
Tholouze
at
Montrichart
,
and
with
them
three
hundred
Gentlemen
ready
to
serve
,
and
attend
her
Majesty
,
whithersoever
she
should
be
pleas'd
to
go
.
This
was
the
first
time
the
Duke
of
Espernon
had
been
mention'd
in
all
this
Affair
,
whose
name
was
no
sooner
heard
by
the
Queens
domesticks
,
but
that
it
clear'd
them
of
their
former
apprehensions
,
no
one
after
that
once
offering
to
oppose
their
Mistrisses
resolution
.
They
making
no
doubt
,
but
that
a
man
whose
wisdom
and
power
were
so
generally
known
,
had
taken
order
for
all
things
necessary
for
the
Queens
,
and
his
own
particular
safety
.
Here
then
was
a
sudden
change
of
faces
,
not
a
person
in
the
Cabinet
,
who
discover'd
not
alacrity
and
satisfaction
in
their
looks
;
especially
the
Queen
,
who
without
losing
more
time
,
her self
gathering
up
her
Gown
,
that
she
might
at
better
convenience
get
out
of
the
Window
,
The
Queen
goes
out
of
the
window
of
her
Cab●●et
.
gave
the
Count
de
Brenne
her
hand
,
who
went
out
before
her
,
her
Majesty
following
next
,
le
Plessis
the
third
,
and
after
him
all
the
rest
.
The
Queen
had
found
so
much
difficulty
,
and
trouble
in
this
first
descent
,
that
she
had
no
mind
to
make
use
of
the
Ladder
,
to
go
down
from
the
Platform
into
the
street
of
the
Suburb
,
chusing
rather
(
the
earth
being
mouldred
down
in
many
places
,
by
reason
the
Terrass
was
not
yet
fac'd
with
stone
)
to
sit
upon
a
Cloak
,
which
being
leisurely
drawn
down
,
convey'd
her
to
the
bottom
with
very
great
ease
.
The
rest
,
either
by
the
same
way
,
or
by
the
Ladder
suddenly
follow'd
,
when
the
Queen
being
immediately
taken
by
the
arms
by
the
Count
de
Brenne
,
and
le
Plessis
.
as
they
were
leading
her
along
the
Suburbs
,
they
chanc'd
to
meet
some
of
her
own
Officers
;
who
seeing
a
woman
led
betwixt
two
without
a
Torch
,
concluded
her
to
be
a
Wench
;
which
she
hearing
,
said
laughing
to
le
Plessis
,
They
take
me
for
a
good
one
.
Yet
did
not
these
encounters
hinder
them
from
suddenly
recovering
the
Bridge
,
where
they
were
to
take
Coach
;
but
being
come
where
they
expected
to
find
it
,
there
was
no
Coach
to
be
seen
,
nor
any
body
left
to
tell
them
which
way
't
was
gone
.
So
that
here
they
were
in
a
new
disorder
.
The
Queen
knew
not
what
to
think
of
her
people
,
nor
le
Plessis
what
to
imagine
of
the
thing
:
they
began
to
suspect
one
another
,
and
(
as
it
happens
in
all
dangerous
occasions
)
every
one
was
so
intent
upon
their
own
particular
concern
,
that
no
one
had
reserv'd
so
much
judgment
as
to
advise
what
was
best
to
be
done
.
In
this
general
jealousie
,
and
consternation
,
comes
one
of
the
Queens
Footmen
,
to
guide
them
to
the
Coach
;
which
they
had
convey'd
into
a
little
blind
lane
out
of
the
way
,
that
it
might
not
be
taken
notice
of
by
such
as
should
have
occasion
to
go
over
the
Bridge
.
This
fear
then
being
then
blown
over
,
all
past
jealousies
and
apprehensions
now
vanish'd
,
and
were
forgot
.
The
Queen
put
her self
into
the
Coach
,
with
the
Count
de
Brenne
,
le
Plessis
,
and
Katherine
,
the
rest
had
all
Horses
ready
to
mount
;
the
Queens
Cabinets
also
were
all
thrown
into
the
Coach
,
one
excepted
,
which
by
oversight
was
left
upon
the
place
;
but
being
miss'd
,
before
they
had
gone
two
hundred
paces
,
was
sent
back
for
,
and
found
;
and
it
was
worth
the
labour
,
having
in
it
Jewels
,
to
the
value
of
above
an
hundred
thousand
Crowns
.
And
this
was
the
last
alarm
.
They
went
out
of
the
Suburbs
,
the
Torches
were
lighted
,
and
the
Queen
held
on
her
Journey
towards
Montrichart
,
without
any
further
adventure
worth
repeating
.
It
hath
already
been
said
,
that
the
Archbishop
of
Tholouze
had
taken
with
him
fifty
Gentlemen
to
advance
as
far
as
Montr●chart
,
to
secure
that
little
Town
;
of
which
party
Rucellay
was
one
.
They
had
over
night
possess'd
themselves
of
the
Gates
,
to
be
Masters
of
the
Bridge
,
which
affords
passage
over
the
River
,
that
almost
environs
the
Town
;
neither
were
they
ordered
to
stir
from
thence
:
but
le
●lessis
,
fearing
the
Queen
should
meet
any
accident
,
or
receive
any
fright
by
the
way
,
dispatch'd
again
Cadillac
in
all
diligence
to
the
Archbishop
,
to
give
him
notice
of
her
Majesties
coming
;
and
withal
to
desire
him
to
send
out
twelve
,
or
fifteen
Gentlemen
to
meet
her
for
her
further
assurance
:
which
was
presently
done
,
and
Rucellay
would
needs
command
the
Troop
,
whilst
the
Archbishop
staid
behind
to
guard
the
Pass
;
which
,
should
it
have
been
obstructed
,
would
infallibly
have
overthrown
the
whole
design
.
Not
long
after
Rucellay's
departure
,
The
Queen
Mother
is
receiv'd
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
the
Queen
arriv'd
at
Montrichart
,
where
she
was
complemented
by
the
Archbishop
,
and
whence
(
staying
no
longer
there
,
than
fresh
Horses
could
be
put
into
the
Harness
)
she
continued
her
Journey
towards
Loches
,
better
attended
than
hitherto
she
had
been
.
About
a
League
on
this
side
the
City
,
she
was
met
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
with
a
hundred
and
fifty
Horse
(
what
Gentlemen
,
and
what
of
his
own
Guards
)
he
having
dismiss'd
most
of
the
Gentry
,
as
not
necessary
upon
this
occasion
.
At
this
meeting
the
Queen
deliver'd
the
most
passionate
expressions
of
Obligation
,
together
with
the
largest
promises
of
a
grateful
return
,
a
Princess
of
her
condition
could
possibly
make
to
a
Servant
who
had
so
highly
merited
from
her
;
which
the
Duke
having
receiv'd
with
all
becoming
respect
,
he
was
by
the
Queen
commanded
to
come
into
the
Coach
;
where
being
seated
,
she
began
to
tell
him
of
Lorme's●
treachery
,
of
which
till
this
instant
he
knew
nothing
;
proceeding
to
acquaint
him
with
greater
liberty
,
than
by
Letter
before
she
durst
do
,
with
her
designs
;
naming
to
him
the
persons
she
conceiv'd
she
had
won
over
to
her
party
,
and
giving
him
hopes
of
several
things
which
notwithstanding
succeeded
not
according
to
her
expectation
.
The
Queens
escape
had
been
carried
with
that
secresie
,
that
not
a
soul
in
the
Castle
had
perceiv'd
it
;
so
that
it
was
far
in
the
morning
,
when
the
domesticks
appointed
for
the
Service
of
her
Majesties
person
(
seeing
themselves
not
call'd
to
their
ordinary
employments
,
and
not
knowing
what
to
think
of
so
profound
a
sleep
)
resolv'd
to
venture
into
the
Queens
Chamber
:
Where
being
enter'd
,
and
not
seeing
the
Queen
,
they
look'd
for
Katherine
,
who
likewise
was
no
where
to
be
found
.
Every
one
therefore
being
amaz'd
at
so
strange
a
Solitude
,
they
sought
,
and
call'd
,
but
all
in
vain
:
neither
could
they
imagine
which
way
they
could
be
gone
;
the
Ladders
,
by
which
the
Queen
had
gone
down
,
having
been
thrown
into
the
River
,
the
better
to
conceal
the
manner
of
her
escape
.
At
last
having
been
some
time
in
suspense
,
they
had
some
news
of
the
Queens
motion
,
which
begot
a
new
astonishment
amongst
them
,
though
proceeding
from
several
motives
.
The
most
faithful
and
affectionate
were
glad
she
had
recover'd
her
liberty
;
whereas
those
who
had
been
corrupted
by
the
Favourite
(
which
were
very
many
)
fearing
on
the
one
side
they
should
stand
suspected
at
Court
,
to
have
been
assisting
to
the
Queen
in
her
design
,
and
on
the
other
,
lest
her
Majesty
(
well
inform'd
of
their
infidelity
)
should
punish
the●
according
to
their
desert
,
knew
not
which
way
to
turn
,
nor
what
to
do
.
Whilst
they
were
in
this
confusion
,
her
Majesty
writ
to
the
Marquise
de
Guercheville
her
Lady
of
Honour
,
to
let
her
and
the
rest
of
her
women
know
of
her
arrival
at
Loches
;
The
Queen
Mother
arrives
at
L●ches
.
where
she
would
stay
two
days
to
expect
them
,
and
where
both
they
,
and
her
other
Servants
,
who
had
a
mind
to
come
to
her
should
be
welcome
,
excepting
five
and
forty
,
or
fifty
which
(
as
suspected
to
her
)
she
gave
order
should
be
turn'd
away
;
withal
that
such
as
could
not
come
time
enough
to
Loches
,
might
find
her
at
Angoulesme
,
whither
she
was
design'd
to
go
.
The
Queen
no
sooner
saw
her self
at
full
liberty
,
but
that
she
began
to
meditate
of
the
means
to
defend
her self
from
the
Favourite's
persecution
,
which
in
all
probability
was
likely
to
be
violent
enough
;
The
Queen
begins
to
fall
to
her
business
,
and
in
the
first
place
endeavours
to
justifie
her
escape
.
as
also
to
give
the
Duke
the
best
colour
she
could
,
to
justifie
what
he
had
done
.
To
this
purpose
therefore
she
deliver'd
him
the
original
of
the
Letter
the
King
had
sent
her
under
his
own
hand
;
whereby
she
was
permitted
to
go
whither
she
would
,
into
any
part
of
the
Kingdom
:
Which
Letter
she
also
accompanied
with
another
from
her self
to
the
Duke
,
a
few
days
antidated
,
and
after
the
time
of
his
arrival
at
Confolans
;
wherein
she
entreated
his
assistance
in
the
prosecution
of
her
design
.
By
which
means
the
Duke
was
clear'd
of
the
imputation
the
Court
laid
to
his
charge
,
that
he
had
taken
away
the
Queen
by
force
,
and
against
her
will
;
which
had
been
a
crime
as
well
towards
the
Mother
,
as
the
Son
.
The
two
Letters
were
these
.
The
King's
Letter
to
the
Queen
under
his
own
hand
.
Madam
,
Having
understood
you
have
an
intention
to
visit
some
Religious
places
,
I
am
infinitely
satisfied
with
the
news
,
and
shall
be
much
more
,
if
for
the
future
you
would
resolve
to
stir
,
and
travel
more
abroad
,
than
hitherto
you
have
done
;
as
I
conceive
it
may
conduce
much
to
your
health
,
which
is
exceeding
dear
unto
me
.
If
my
Affairs
would
permit
,
I
would
with
all
my
heart
accompany
you
in
my
own
person
,
as
I
shall
do
with
my
Letters
to
the
places
where
you
go
;
to
the
end
you
may
be
receiv'd
,
respected
,
and
honour'd
equally
to
my self
,
who
am
,
more
than
can
be
express'd
,
Madam
,
Your
most
humble
,
and
obedient
Son
Lovis
.
From
Paris
this
last
of
October
1618.
The
Queen
Mothers
Letter
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
deliver'd
to
him
with
the
former
.
Cousin
,
I
stand
oblig'd
to
represent
to
the
King
my
Son
,
the
general
Discontents
of
his
people
at
the
ill
management
of
his
Affairs
,
and
the
troubles
,
which
by
reason
of
his
Nobilities
being
absent
from
him
,
I
apprehend
will
ensue
,
to
the
prejudice
of
his
Crown
and
Kingdom
.
A
duty
,
which
as
all
good
men
inform
me
it
is
particularly
mine
,
I
resolve
to
perform
,
though
I
were
certain
to
lose
thereby
that
little
remains
to
me
both
of
liberty
,
and
life
.
Both
which
you
may
secure
by
permitting
me
to
this
effect
to
retire
my self
first
to
Loches
,
and
then
to
Angoulesme
,
and
by
assisting
me
in
my
way
with
your
company
,
and
advice
:
wherein
if
neither
the
necessity
,
nor
the
justice
of
my
intentions
can
prevail
upon
you
;
yet
the
reading
this
inclosed
from
the
King
my
Son
ought
to
do
it
:
by
which
you
will
see
he
permits
me
to
to
travel
whither
I
think
fit
,
expressing
a
desire
that
his
Subjects
should
,
in
all
places
where
I
go
,
pay
me
all
honour
,
and
respect
equal
to
his
own
person
:
though
I
intend
to
make
no
other
use
of
it
,
than
what
shall
be
consistent
with
the
good
of
his
own
Service
.
Which
,
being
perform'd
,
I
do
promise
,
and
protest
●nto
you
,
that
when
his
own
good
nature
shall
be
as
free
,
as
my
word
is
now
,
he
himself
shall
thank
you
for
the
assistance
you
have
given
me
in
an
occasion
so
important
to
him
,
and
his
own
particular
Affairs
.
The
rest
I
will
commit
to
the
fidelity
of
this
bearer
,
that
is
,
as
to
the
time
and
manner
of
my
removal
,
wherein
I
conjure
you
not
to
fail
:
without
nevertheless
enjoyning
you
,
either
secrefie
,
or
care
,
which
your
own
wisdom
will
inform
you
to
be
very
requisite
:
Only
I
shall
tell
you
,
that
by
this
you
will
eternally
oblige
me
to
you
and
yours
.
So
praying
God
to
inspire
you
with
this
good
deliberation
,
and
to
give
you
all
the
satisfaction
I
desire
.
I
rest
,
Your
very
good
Cousin
,
Marie
.
From
Blois
the
14.
of
February
,
1619.
This
Letter
of
Rucellay's
style
(
who
now
(
although
a
stranger
)
undertook
nevertheless
to
serve
the
Queen
in
the
nature
of
a
Secretary
)
being
dispatch'd
,
it
was
necessary
they
should
think
also
of
writing
to
the
King
,
to
give
his
Majesty
notice
of
the
Queens
removal
,
and
of
the
design
she
had
to
retire
her self
to
Angoulesme
:
In
which
Letter
she
represented
,
The
Queen
Mothers
Letter
to
King
.
The
ill
usage
she
had
for
some
time
suffer'd
at
Blois
,
doubtless
without
his
Majesties
intention
;
but
through
the
sole
Tyranny
of
some
about
his
person
,
who
exercis'd
no
less
Authority
over
his
Majesties
own
Royal
disposition
;
whose
insolence
,
and
cruelty
descending
from
her
upon
most
of
the
great
men
of
the
Nation
,
she
had
very
great
reason
to
fear
,
that
so
many
men
of
quality
being
discontented
,
and
those
discontents
concurring
with
the
dissatisfaction
of
the
people
,
oppress'd
by
all
sorts
of
violence
,
would
,
in
the
end
,
be
the
ruine
of
his
Kingdom
.
That
therefore
she
had
put
her self
into
liberty
,
that
she
might
at
greater
convenience
represent
to
his
Majesty
matters
of
so
high
importance
to
him
,
and
his
Affairs
;
and
had
chosen
to
retire
her self
into
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
Governments
,
by
so
much
the
rather
,
by
how
much
his
fidelity
,
and
good
affection
to
the
Crown
,
had
never
suffer'd
the
least
dispute
:
That
the
late
King
her
Lord
,
and
Husband
,
out
of
the
testimonies
he
had
receiv'd
of
his
Vertue
,
and
Integrity
,
had
,
but
a
few
days
before
his
death
,
advis'd
her
to
repose
her
confidence
in
him
,
above
all
other
great
Ministers
of
the
Kingdom
,
and
that
therefore
she
conceived
she
could
not
erre
in
following
the
advice
of
so
mighty
a
Prince
,
and
in
committing
her self
to
the
conduct
of
so
faithful
a
Servant
.
From
Loches
the
25th
.
of
Feb.
1619.
The
King
had
no
sooner
receiv'd
this
Letter
,
but
that
the
Favourites
began
to
study
an
answer
;
which
,
though
it
were
in
shew
respective
enough
to
the
Queen
,
The
King's
answer
to
the
Queen
Mother
.
was
yet
full
of
threats
towards
the
Duke
.
Wherein
after
his
Majesty
had
express'd
to
the
Queen
his
astonishment
at
the
violence
the
Duke
of
Espernon
had
committed
upon
her
person
,
he
went
on
with
great
heat
to
declare
:
That
of
all
others
he
could
never
have
suspected
an
offense
of
that
nature
,
believing
there
had
not
been
that
man
in
the
world
,
who
,
in
a
profound
and
inviolate
peace
,
had
had
the
impudence
(
which
were
the
express
terms
of
the
Letter
)
not
only
to
execute
,
but
even
to
meditate
a
resolution
to
attempt
upon
the
liberty
of
the
Mother
of
his
King
.
From
whence
his
Majesty
proceeding
to
menaces
of
the
most
severe
,
and
exemplary
punishment
,
he
in
the
end
justified
those
about
his
person
from
the
ill
usage
whereof
she
complain'd
;
as
having
been
done
by
his
own
order
,
and
that
with
as
much
favour
and
respect
as
any
Son
of
a
much
inferiour
Birth
,
could
pay
to
a
Mother
:
declaring
withal
,
that
he
was
resolv'd
to
take
Arms
,
thereby
to
put
her
in
full
possession
of
that
liberty
,
her
enemies
had
taken
from
her
;
and
to
cause
the
honour
,
and
respect
to
be
paid
her
which
was
due
to
her
person
.
The
rest
was
committed
to
the
Count
de
Bethune
,
The
Count
de
Bethune
sent
to
the
Queen
to
tre●t
with
her
.
who
was
sent
away
with
this
dispatch
,
and
who
was
to
reside
with
the
Queen
to
treat
with
her
about
an
Accommodation
;
a
Treaty
his
Majesty
immediately
set
on
foot
,
not
thinking
it
fit
,
till
that
way
had
first
been
try'd
,
to
commence
a
War
,
wherein
the
Queen
his
Mother
would
be
head
of
the
adverse
party
:
A
respect
that
did
not
long
continue
.
Whilst
Bethune
with
this
Commission
took
the
way
to
Angoulesme
,
the
Queen
Mother
,
who
departed
from
Loches
the
same
day
that
she
sent
her
Letter
to
Court
,
The
Q●een
prepares
for
a
War
.
was
there
arriv'd
.
It
was
upon
the
first
of
March
,
1619.
that
she
enter'd
the
City
;
where
she
was
no
sooner
come
,
but
that
she
dispatch'd
away
to
all
parts
,
to
dispose
those
who
had
promis'd
to
engage
in
her
quarrel
,
to
declare
now
in
her
favour
.
Most
of
the
Grandees
of
the
Kingdom
were
at
this
time
retir'd
from
Court
,
and
almost
all
dissatisfied
with
the
present
Government
;
yet
whether
it
were
(
as
I
have
said
)
that
seeing
the
Duke
of
Espernon
had
already
so
engross'd
the
entire
honour
of
the
Action
,
they
could
not
in
reason
expect
to
share
with
him
,
who
had
alone
executed
the
most
glorious
,
and
dangerous
part
of
the
design
;
The
whole
burden
whereof
falls
upon
the
Duke
of
●spernon
.
or
that
they
had
been
taken
off
by
the
Favourites
promises
(
who
in
this
juncture
had
not
neglected
to
prevent
the
effect
of
their
discontents
)
however
it
was
,
they
were
glad
to
do
their
own
work
at
the
Duke's
expense
,
and
as
they
had
had
no
hand
in
the
action
,
would
not
in
the
least
appear
in
the
Queens
behalf
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon
therefore
▪
with
such
Friends
,
and
Servants
as
he
had
,
must
alone
stand
the
brunt
of
the
Royal
Arms
,
and
undergo
the
utmost
effect
of
his
Majesties
indignation
.
The
Queen
't
is
true
granted
out
several
Commissions
,
and
disburst
some
money
,
not
considerable
,
for
Leavies
;
all
which
,
though
it
signified
little
to
the
work
,
yet
had
she
betwixt
five
and
six
thousand
foot
,
and
betwixt
eight
and
nine
hundred
Horse
,
that
were
rais'd
in
the
Duke's
Governments
by
his
own
interest
.
He
had
from
the
beginning
of
the
Queens
Regency
made
provision
of
Arms
for
ten
thousand
Foot
,
and
six
hundred
Horse
,
which
were
now
taken
out
,
and
of
so
great
use
,
that
could
the
Friends
he
had
in
Guienne
have
assisted
him
according
to
their
affections
,
he
had
upon
his
own
accompt
rais'd
a
very
considerable
Army
:
But
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
,
who
was
Governour
of
that
Province
,
having
in
this
occasion
been
prepossess'd
by
the
Favourite
,
(
by
whom
the
command
of
the
Army
that
was
to
go
against
the
Queen
,
was
conferr'd
upon
him
)
it
was
not
likely
he
should
suffer
those
Troops
to
go
out
of
his
Government
,
which
were
to
be
employ'd
against
him
;
yet
did
not
the
Duke
fail
however
of
a
very
considerable
succour
from
thence
;
so
great
an
affection
,
and
esteem
they
had
for
him
in
that
Countrey
:
the
Marquis
de
Montferrant
,
and
Foncaude
Brothers
,
the
Count
de
Calonges
,
and
some
other
Gentlemen
of
quality
,
all
considerations
laid
apart
,
exposing
themselves
freely
to
the
persecutions
of
the
Court
,
and
the
displeasure
of
a
powerful
Governour
,
to
pay
that
duty
they
ow'd
,
and
had
sworn
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
though
having
opportunity
to
draw
away
their
men
by
Files
only
,
and
that
with
great
difficulty
and
danger
,
they
could
not
serve
him
so
effectually
as
they
desir'd
.
Is
the
Queen
found
her self
thus
weak
in
the
place
where
she
was
in
person
,
her
party
was
in
no
better
a
condition
in
other
parts
of
the
Kingdom
.
The
Duke
of
Boüillon
himself
,
of
whom
the
Marquis
de
la
Valette
thought
himself
secure
,
refu●ing
so
much
,
as
to
declare
for
the
Queen
,
who
having
long
expected
what
the
first
success
of
Arms
,
and
the
issue
of
the
Queens
Declarations
would
be
,
and
seeing
neither
the
one
,
nor
the
other
(
which
novelty
often
renders
vigorous
,
and
considerable
)
had
produc'd
any
signal
effect
;
he
was
content
to
sit
neuter
and
to
attend
the
event
:
by
whose
example
,
some
other
persons
of
condition
,
who
had
engag'd
to
take
Arms
in
Champagne
,
●icardie
,
and
the
neighbouring
Provinces
,
and
that
had
been
made
to
believe
the
Duke
of
Boüillon
would
head
them
,
refus'd
likewise
to
stir
,
all
the
most
zealous
,
and
affectionate
to
the
Queens
Service
could
do
,
being
to
come
in
in
their
own
persons
,
which
signified
no
great
matter
.
Of
which
number
were
the
Marquis
de
Môny
,
Breauté
,
Bourbonne
,
Bethancourt
,
and
some
others
.
The
Marquis
de
Themines
came
in
also
of
another
side
,
though
the
Mareschal
his
Father
was
on
the
contrary
party
;
but
it
was
only
to
command
the
Queens
Guards
,
of
which
he
was
Captain
;
so
that
in
effect
the
whole
weight
of
the
business
lay
still
upon
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
The
Favourites
were
in
a
far
better
condition
,
The
Favourites
powerfully
arm
themselves
.
who
after
they
had
on
all
sides
prepossess'd
the
minds
of
the
great
ones
,
and
perverted
the
inclinations
they
might
have
had
in
favour
of
the
Queen
Mother
,
had
powerfully
arm'd
themselves
,
rather
indeed
against
the
Duke
than
her
.
The
Duke
of
Mayenne
was
in
the
head
of
ten
thousand
Foot
,
and
twelve
hundred
Horse
(
for
the
most
part
,
old
Souldiers
)
ready
to
enter
into
Angoumois
.
The
Count
de
Schomberg
,
the
Kings
Lieutenant
under
the
Duke
in
Limousin
,
had
receiv'd
order
to
make
Leavies
,
to
impede
those
the
Duke
was
making
in
that
Countrey
;
which
having
done
,
he
soon
employ'd
them
in
an
Enterprize
of
greater
noise
,
than
moment
,
though
very
disadvantageous
to
the
Queens
Interest
.
The
Abbey
d'
Vzerche
in
Limousin
stood
for
the
Queen
,
where
some
of
her
party
had
fortified
themselves
;
and
the
Count
de
Schomberg
sate
down
before
it
;
whereof
the
Duke
of
Espernon
having
intelligence
,
he
went
in
all
haste
to
relieve
them
.
His
diligence
herein
was
notwithstanding
fruitless
,
for
the
playing
of
a
[
](A42794-e65540-b)*
*
A
fire
Engine
cover'd
with
Leather
like
unto
,
but
much
bigger
than
a
Salsisse
having
put
them
out
of
all
possible
defense
,
they
were
forc'd
to
surrender
before
he
came
.
Neither
was
the
place
any
thing
considerable
,
though
,
in
the
beginning
of
a
War
the
first
successes
being
of
great
importance
,
the
Duke
would
willingly
have
prevented
this
disaster
;
which
,
seeing
he
could
not
come
time
enough
to
do
,
he
set
himself
to
repair
that
little
loss
,
by
some
signal
advantage
,
The
Duke
of
Mayenne
enters
with
his
Army
into
Angoum●is
.
he
might
with
great
facility
have
obtain'd
over
the
Count
,
when
he
receiv'd
intelligence
from
the
Queen
,
of
the
Duke
of
Mayenne's
being
entred
with
his
Army
into
Angoumois
.
Which
Army
,
though
it
was
indeed
a
good
one
,
and
the
coming
of
it
very
well
foreseen
;
yet
its
greatness
being
made
more
formidable
by
report
,
it
is
not
imagin'd
to
what
a
degree
the
Queen
,
and
those
about
her
were
terrified
with
its
approach
.
The
Duke
had
taken
along
with
him
for
this
expedition
of
Limousin
but
very
few
Forces
;
but
the
life
and
soul
of
the
Queens
party
consisting
in
his
person
,
and
experience
,
her
Majesty
dispatch'd
away
to
him
Post
after
Post
,
with
so
much
importunity
,
that
he
was
in
the
end
constrain'd
to
quit
all
his
designs
in
Limousin
,
to
return
back
to
Angoulesme
.
Before
the
Duke's
return
,
the
Archbishop
of
Tholouze
,
his
Son
,
who
had
staid
behind
to
command
those
Forces
,
had
been
left
with
the
Queen
,
having
intelligence
of
the
Duke
of
Mayenne's
motion
towards
Cognac
,
was
jealous
he
might
attempt
something
upon
that
little
Town
,
the
situation
whereof
rendred
it
very
considerable
,
there
being
a
stone
Bridge
over
the
River
Charente
:
though
otherwise
very
weak
in
it self
,
and
without
any
fortification
at
all
.
All
which
notwithstanding
the
Archbishop
,
with
two
thousand
men
,
went
,
and
put
himself
into
it
with
a
resolution
either
to
preserve
it
,
or
dye
.
So
that
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
,
advancing
to
view
it
,
was
entertain'd
with
so
brisk
a
charge
,
that
he
had
no
hope
of
doing
any
good
upon
men
so
well
prepar'd
for
their
defense
.
Not
therefore
to
waste
time
to
no
purpose
,
he
went
on
,
and
took
up
his
quarters
at
Chasteu-Neuf
within
three
Leagues
of
Angoulesme
;
where
the
Duke
of
Espernon
being
now
return'd
,
presented
himself
,
and
his
Forces
,
to
oppose
him
;
so
disposing
them
into
places
of
most
advantage
,
that
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
could
make
no
further
progress
into
the
Countrey
:
He
made
indeed
some
light
Skirmishes
,
but
such
as
won
no
great
reputation
to
the
one
side
,
or
the
other
,
whilst
the
Peace
was
in
Treating
by
the
Count
de
Bethune
.
It
was
doubtless
by
no
ordinary
conduct
,
that
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
with
so
few
Forces
as
he
had
about
him
kept
so
considerable
an
Army
as
the
King
's
in
play
,
and
to
manage
the
several
sorts
of
people
he
had
with
him
,
with
that
dexterity
as
to
keep
them
from
Mutiny
,
and
Disorder
:
Such
as
have
been
engag'd
in
parties
where
the
Royal
Name
has
been
oppos'd
against
them
,
and
who
have
commanded
men
,
who
have
had
no
less
to
apprehend
from
the
Sword
of
Justice
,
than
from
those
of
the
Enemy
,
will
easily
conceive
,
the
Duke
had
never
greater
use
of
his
Prudence
,
and
Valour
,
than
upon
this
occasion
;
it
being
certain
,
that
had
his
Authority
susser'd
by
the
least
accident
of
that
kind
,
he
had
infallibly
been
deserted
by
the
greatest
part
,
and
consequently
expos'd
to
his
enemies
discretion
.
If
the
King's
Forces
were
thus
powerful
in
Angoumois
against
the
Duke
,
The
Duke
of
Nevers
with
a
great
Army
against
the
M●rquis
de
la
Valette
at
Metz.
they
were
every
whit
as
considerable
in
the
Messin
Countrey
,
against
the
Marquis
de
la
Valette
.
The
Duke
of
Nevers
had
there
an
Army
,
nothing
inferiour
to
that
of
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
;
to
which
outward
Force
he
had
also
added
secret
practices
within
the
City
,
and
the
Inhabitants
whose
affections
were
warp'd
with
the
fortune
of
the
Duke's
Family
(
which
every
one
believ'd
to
be
so
depress'd
,
as
never
to
rise
again
)
were
not
the
least
part
of
the
enemies
power
.
In
which
extremity
(
which
could
hardly
be
greater
)
the
Marquis
de
la
Valette
having
reinforc'd
his
Garrison
,
The
Marquis
de
la
Valette
defends
Metz
,
which
was
faithful
to
him
,
with
some
Leavies
that
came
to
him
out
of
Lorraine
(
where
he
found
very
good
Friends
)
he
so
secur'd
the
place
,
that
the
Duke
of
Nevers
from
that
time
forwards
lost
all
hopes
of
doing
any
good
upon
it
.
It
is
not
to
be
believ'd
what
good
effects
the
conservation
of
Metz
,
And
by
that
preserves
the
whole
Party
.
by
the
vigilancy
and
bravery
of
the
Marquis
de
la
Valette
,
produc'd
to
the
advantage
of
the
Queen
Mothers
Affairs
,
which
was
no
sooner
perceiv'd
impossible
to
be
taken
from
the
Duke
,
but
that
they
began
to
think
it
unsafe
to
urge
him
to
the
last
necessity
,
lest
an
extreme
despair
might
prompt
him
to
desperate
resolutions
;
The
Peace
concluded
.
so
that
the
Court
began
now
to
be
more
facile
,
and
flexible
to
the
conclusion
of
a
Peace
;
the
resolution
whereof
had
hitherto
been
so
highly
debated
,
and
in
so
great
suspense
.
The
Treaty
of
this
Peace
receiv'd
,
it
may
be
imagin'd
,
many
difficulties
,
and
delays
,
when
the
Count
de
Bethune
,
having
open'd
the
first
proposals
in
the
beginning
of
March
,
things
were
not
fully
concluded
at
the
end
of
May.
He
had
with
his
Commission
receiv'd
express
instructions
,
by
all
means
if
possible
to
perswade
the
Queen
Mother
to
exclude
the
Duke
of
Espernon
from
the
Articles
of
that
Accommodation
,
with
power
,
that
being
granted
,
to
promise
her
all
the
satisfaction
she
could
her self
desire
;
wherein
I
have
often
heard
the
Duke
highly
commend
not
only
the
Queens
constancy
,
The
Q●een
Mothers
generous
proceeding
,
as
also
the
Count
de
Bethune's
.
who
would
never
hearken
to
that
proposition
,
but
the
Count
de
Bethune's
generosity
also
,
who
being
himself
a
man
of
great
worth
,
and
honour
,
could
never
countenance
so
unhandsome
an
advice
.
But
what
one
of
the
King's
Ministers
,
commanded
,
and
authoriz'd
by
him
,
and
importun'd
by
the
Duke's
enemies
,
was
asham'd
to
insist
upon
,
was
nevertheless
with
great
eagerness
pursu'd
by
a
person
he
had
very
highly
oblig'd
.
It
is
of
Rucellay
I
speak
,
who
ambitious
,
and
puft
up
with
a
vain
opinion
of
himself
,
and
the
Services
he
had
perform'd
for
the
Queen
,
was
impatient
,
that
any
one
should
rival
him
in
the
Queens
favour
,
or
take
the
freedom
to
oppose
his
Counsels
:
And
it
will
be
imagin'd
by
such
as
have
consider'd
the
former
passages
of
the
Duke's
life
,
he
was
not
of
an
humour
to
be
justled
,
either
in
the
one
,
or
the
other
by
a
man
upon
all
accompts
so
inferiour
to
him
.
This
disparity
therefore
both
in
their
persons
,
and
judgments
,
which
at
first
begot
a
coldness
only
in
the
Duke
(
who
was
very
unwilling
(
having
lov'd
,
and
esteem'd
Rucellay
at
a
very
particular
rate
)
to
withdraw
his
friendship
totally
from
him
)
proceeded
at
last
(
as
it
commonly
falls
out
in
such
cases
)
to
a
final
and
absolute
rupture
betwixt
them
.
It
was
at
this
time
,
and
upon
this
occasion
,
that
I
withdrew
my self
from
Rucellay
.
Le
Plessis
,
thereunto
mov'd
by
the
old
affection
he
had
born
my
Father
,
had
taken
me
from
my
studies
,
to
place
me
with
this
man
,
in
hopes
that
one
time
or
another
I
might
by
his
favour
be
introduc'd
into
the
Queens
Family
;
A
breach
betwixt
the
Duke
and
Rucellay
.
but
finding
that
after
this
breach
I
was
become
suspected
to
him
,
and
that
he
look'd
upon
me
,
as
one
of
the
Duke's
creatures
,
for
having
only
been
born
in
his
Government
,
and
recommended
to
him
by
one
of
his
domesticks
,
I
acquainted
le
Plessis
with
my
discontent
,
and
the
desire
I
had
to
withdraw
my self
from
his
Service
;
who
approving
my
resolution
,
and
speaking
of
me
to
the
Duke
,
he
was
thereupon
pleas'd
to
receive
me
into
his
dependence
,
from
whom
I
never
after
parted
till
his
death
;
nothing
but
that
inevitable
necessity
having
the
power
to
separate
me
from
him
,
which
was
not
however
till
after
three
and
twenty
years
,
without
intermission
,
I
had
the
honour
to
live
in
his
Service
.
I
shall
therefore
henceforward
be
able
to
speak
more
regularly
,
than
hitherto
I
have
done
,
of
the
Duke
,
and
his
Affairs
,
as
having
been
an
eye-witness
of
the
rest
;
though
I
can
almost
with
the
same
certainty
aver
the
truth
of
what
I
have
already
deliver'd
,
the
testimony
of
so
many
famous
Authors
,
and
what
I
receiv'd
from
persons
of
great
repute
,
now
living
,
who
have
been
assisting
to
me
in
this
undertaking
,
having
no
less
authority
with
me
,
than
what
I
have
seen
with
my
own
eyes
,
and
collected
out
of
my
own
obseruation
.
The
Duke
was
inform'd
by
the
Queen
Mother
her self
of
the
importunity
wherewith
Rucellay
had
press'd
her
to
seize
upon
the
Castle
of
Angoulesme
,
demonstrating
to
her
at
the
same
time
with
how
great
facility
it
might
be
effected
.
Her
Majesty
went
sometimes
to
walk
in
the
Park
belonging
to
the
Castle
,
where
being
admitted
,
as
she
ever
was
,
without
the
least
scruple
,
or
distrust
,
she
might
,
he
said
,
without
the
least
opposition
,
thrust
out
the
Baron
d'
Anton
,
the
Duke's
Nephew
,
and
under
his
Authority
Governour
of
the
place
;
which
being
done
,
she
would
,
he
told
her
,
be
Mistriss
of
the
Duke's
Fortune
;
whereas
one
might
now
(
with
much
more
reason
,
than
at
Blois
)
declare
her
a
Prisoner
,
being
as
she
was
at
the
discretion
of
her
Vassal
:
Endeavouring
moreover
to
render
the
Duke
odious
to
her
,
by
making
his
free
humour
,
and
some
complaints
(
the
non-performance
of
some
things
,
had
been
promis'd
by
the
Queen
,
had
perhaps
extorted
from
him
)
appear
like
affronts
,
and
indignities
to
her
Person
,
and
Honour
.
But
the
Queen
(
as
has
been
said
)
nobly
rejecting
so
unhandsome
a
proposition
,
her self
gave
the
first
intimation
of
it
to
the
Duke
;
who
incens'd
,
as
he
had
just
cause
,
at
a
practice
so
foul
,
and
an
advice
so
pernicious
to
his
Affairs
,
from
that
time
forwards
forbore
any
more
,
either
to
speak
to
,
or
to
treat
with
Rucellay
;
though
he
could
by
no
means
consent
his
Servants
,
and
particularly
Marsillac
the
Captain
of
his
Guard
,
should
revenge
the
injury
by
any
outrage
upon
Rucellay's
person
,
which
he
absolutely
,
and
expresly
forbad
,
as
to
my
knowledge
it
was
high
time
.
In
the
heat
of
these
disorders
in
the
Queens
Court
,
The
Bishop
of
Lucon
since
Cardinal
de
Richelie●
comes
to
Ang●ulesme
.
and
in
the
greatest
difficulty
of
Affairs
,
the
Bishop
of
Luçon
,
afterwards
Cardinal
Richelieu
,
came
to
Angoulesme
;
neither
could
he
possibly
have
arriv'd
in
a
better
time
for
himself
:
The
Queen
Mother
was
grown
weary
of
Rucellay's
violent
Counsels
,
and
was
moreover
dissatisfied
with
some
undecent
liberties
he
had
taken
in
her
presence
;
to
which
the
Duke
of
Espernon
was
also
highly
animated
against
him
,
desiring
nothing
more
,
than
his
removal
,
or
at
least
some
notable
disgrace
;
and
to
all
this
the
Treaty
of
Accommodation
was
then
upon
the
point
to
be
concluded
;
so
that
the
Bishop
of
Luçon
coming
at
so
opportune
a
season
,
could
not
fail
of
thanks
on
all
sides
,
both
from
the
King
,
and
Queen
,
how
little
soever
he
contributed
to
the
work
,
and
in
the
mean
time
of
being
infallibly
well
receiv'd
at
the
Queen
Mothers
Court
.
Which
in
my
opinion
was
a
pretty
criticisme
in
his
good
fortune
,
and
from
whence
he
,
in
the
revolution
of
time
,
deriv'd
all
those
other
advantages
,
that
preferr'd
him
at
last
to
that
●eight
of
greatness
,
to
which
he
afterwards
arriv'd
.
At
his
coming
he
first
alighted
at
the
Duke's
lodgings
,
protesting
he
would
not
enter
the
City
,
'till
he
were
first
satisfied
,
whether
,
or
no
,
it
stood
with
his
good
liking
;
and
afterwards
entreating
he
would
please
to
give
him
leave
to
make
his
first
Addresses
to
the
Queen
in
his
Company
.
He
was
by
the
Duke
(
for
●
my self
was
present
at
their
meeting
)
receiv'd
with
the
greatest
freedom
,
and
friendship
,
he
could
possibly
expect
or
desire
;
and
soon
after
they
went
together
to
the
Queens
Lodgings
,
where
her
Majesty
was
at
that
time
perswaded
by
the
Duke
to
give
him
her
Seal
,
which
'till
then
she
had
entrusted
to
none
,
and
to
admit
him
the
first
in
her
Council
,
which
accordingly
was
the
next
day
perform'd
.
Rucellay
nettled
to
the
quick
,
The
reason
of
Rucellay's
retiring
from
A●goulesme
.
that
a
new
comer
should
in
one
day
be
possess'd
of
what
he
could
not
by
so
many
signal
Services
obtain
,
and
impatient
,
that
he
at
so
great
ease
should
reap
the
fruits
of
all
his
care
and
pains
,
from
that
time
forwards
began
to
think
of
retiring
himself
from
the
Queens
Court
,
to
go
put
himself
into
the
King's
.
Yet
was
it
not
without
highly
complaining
of
the
ill
usage
he
had
receiv'd
;
nor
perhaps
without
repenting
his
carriage
towards
the
Duke
,
who
had
been
his
very
good
friend
,
so
long
as
he
behav'd
himself
civilly
to
him
.
A
resolution
that
being
known
to
the
Queen
(
however
her self
at
that
time
in
great
distress
for
mony
)
she
sent
to
present
him
with
thirty
thousand
Crowns
,
as
an
acknowledgement
of
the
pains
he
had
taken
in
her
behalf
;
though
he
seeming
to
be
more
offended
at
that
than
all
the
rest
,
that
the
Queen
should
think
any
one
could
set
a
price
upon
his
Services
,
scornfully
refus'd
it
,
and
went
to
put
himself
into
the
Duke
de
Luines
his
protection
;
where
he
was
by
that
Favourite
at
first
receiv'd
with
great
civility
and
respect
,
and
afterwards
into
a
very
eminent
degree
of
favour
,
and
trust
,
both
as
to
private
,
and
publick
Affairs
.
The
Marquis
de
Môny
,
Rucellay's
intimate
friend
,
had
some
days
before
preceded
him
in
this
defection
;
the
occasion
of
whose
discontent
was
,
that
he
had
not
obtain'd
the
Government
of
Angers
,
which
had
been
granted
to
the
Bishop
of
Luçon
,
for
his
Brother
Richelieu
Camp-Master
to
the
Regiment
of
Piedmont
,
at
the
Duke's
Recommendation
,
who
was
as
solicitous
of
all
the
interests
of
that
Family
,
as
his
own
.
The
departure
of
these
two
Gentlemen
,
Several
●●orders
in
the
Queen
Mothers
Court
.
both
of
them
of
so
great
consideration
in
the
Queen
Mother's
Court
,
soon
begot
very
great
disorders
there
;
which
(
as
his
profession
more
expos'd
him
to
his
enemies
revenge
,
than
that
of
the
Bishop
his
Brother
did
him
)
fell
wholly
at
last
upon
Richelieu
.
The
Marquis
de
Themines
,
a
very
intimate
friend
of
Rucellay's
(
though
as
ill
satisfied
as
the
rest
)
could
not
however
leave
the
Queens
Court
,
as
being
ty'd
there
by
the
obligation
of
his
Command
:
A
consideration
that
forcing
him
to
continue
there
,
he
would
nevertheless
let
his
absent
friend
see
,
how
much
he
interested
himself
in
his
disgrace
,
by
quarrelling
with
those
he
conceiv'd
had
most
contributed
to
it
:
Wherein
his
malice
must
of
necessity
be
directed
against
the
Bishop
of
Luçon
,
and
those
of
his
party
.
Neither
did
the
excessive
favours
they
all
receiv'd
from
the
Queen
,
a
little
add
to
the
jealousie
,
and
envy
of
her
other
Domesticks
,
and
Servants
,
they
having
alone
obtain'd
all
the
Governments
of
Anjou
,
granted
to
the
Queen
in
this
Accommodation
;
neither
indeed
was
any
thing
granted
,
but
to
them
,
or
at
their
request
,
who
alone
absolutely
dispos'd
of
all
Affairs
.
Themines
therefore
,
having
resolv'd
to
take
upon
himself
the
revenge
of
all
the
rest
,
took
occasion
to
require
an
explanation
from
Richelieu
of
some
things
,
of
very
little
moment
,
which
in
the
heat
of
the
Debate
(
as
it
commonly
falls
out
)
grew
at
last
to
an
absolute
quarrel
betwixt
them
:
Wherein
having
several
times
been
prevented
from
fighting
,
sometimes
by
the
friends
of
the
one
party
,
and
sometimes
of
the
other
,
one
day
the
Marquis
de
Themines
mounted
upon
a
little
pad
Nag
met
Richelieu
in
the
open
street
;
whereupon
alighting
from
his
Horse
,
they
talk'd
together
,
but
not
long
before
their
Swords
were
out
;
when
the
Marquis
stooping
to
get
under
Richelieu's
Sword
,
which
was
longer
than
his
,
receiv'd
a
thrust
,
which
running
all
along
his
back
,
rip'd
up
the
skin
only
;
whilst
at
the
same
time
he
ran
Richelieu
quite
through
the
heart
,
Richelieu
slain
by
the
Marquis
de
Themines
.
who
fell
stone
dead
upon
the
place
,
without
being
able
to
utter
one
word
.
I
hapned
(
amongst
some
others
)
accidentally
to
be
a
spectator
of
this
Duel
;
by
which
unfortunace
thrust
,
how
many
future
Offices
and
Commands
were
made
vacant
?
and
what
might
not
this
unhappy
man
have
pretended
to
,
and
expected
from
the
infinite
power
of
a
Brother
,
so
affectionate
to
him
,
had
he
liv'd
to
see
him
in
that
height
of
greatness
to
which
he
afterwards
arriv'd
?
Some
days
before
this
accident
the
Peace
had
been
concluded
to
both
their
Majesties
mutual
satisfaction
;
The
conditions
of
the
Peace
.
wherein
the
Queen
(
as
has
been
said
)
had
granted
to
her
the
Government
of
Anjou
,
with
the
Castles
of
Angers
,
Chinon
,
Pont
de
Cé
,
with
the
other
places
of
that
Province
,
being
promis'd
withal
that
she
should
see
the
King
(
as
she
did
)
and
from
his
Majesties
own
mouth
be
assur'd
,
that
when
ever
she
pleas'd
,
she
might
go
to
Court
.
As
for
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
after
having
receiv'd
a
ratification
from
the
Queen
of
those
Services
he
had
done
for
her
,
he
at
last
sued
out
his
Pardon
from
the
King
,
the
only
Pardon
he
ever
stood
in
need
of
in
all
his
life
;
as
having
never
(
excepting
here
in
the
Queen
Mothers
quarrel
)
had
a
hand
in
any
commotion
whatsoever
.
Both
he
and
the
Marquis
his
Son
were
restor'd
to
all
their
Estates
,
Offices
,
and
Honours
,
in
the
same
condition
they
were
before
the
War
,
one
thing
only
excepted
which
he
could
by
no
means
obtain
,
and
that
was
the
Cittadel
of
Xaintes
;
which
,
that
it
might
not
be
put
into
an
enemies
hand
,
he
was
forc'd
to
consent
it
should
be
demolish'd
.
During
the
time
of
this
Treaty
,
the
Council
had
generally
been
held
in
the
Duke's
Lodgings
,
where
the
Bishop
of
Luçon
was
ever
very
diligent
:
he
came
continually
to
the
Duke's
Table
,
waiting
very
often
in
the
Parlour
,
and
in
his
Bed-Chamber
,
his
vacancies
,
and
leisure
,
an
as●iduity
,
and
respect
that
promis'd
for
the
future
,
an
inviolate
love
and
friendship
;
the
Duke
also
on
his
part
was
infinitely
obliging
to
him
,
espousing
all
his
Interests
,
and
declaring
himself
upon
all
occasions
,
highly
partial
,
and
affectionate
to
him
:
notwithstanding
all
which
,
we
shall
in
time
see
so
strange
an
alteration
in
them
both
,
and
so
antartick
to
those
good
dispositions
betwixt
them
,
as
will
sufficiently
inform
us
▪
how
little
dependence
there
is
upon
the
humours
of
men
,
when
an
inconsiderate
passion
,
a
little
interest
,
or
(
which
is
more
light
than
either
)
a
meer
jealousie
,
has
power
in
a
moment
to
overthrow
the
greatest
and
most
inviolate
friendship
.
Whilst
this
Treaty
was
in
agitation
,
there
hapned
yet
another
untoward
accident
,
though
no
great
matter
was
made
of
it
,
and
that
was
this
.
A
little
before
the
conclusion
of
the
Treaty
,
A
conspiracy
against
the
Queen
Mother
at
Angoulesme
discover'd
.
a
Powder-maker
of
Limousin
came
,
and
made
an
offer
of
his
person
to
such
,
as
he
very
well
knew
were
enemies
both
to
the
Queen
,
and
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
undertaking
to
insinuate
himself
into
the
Castle
of
Angoulesme
,
and
to
fire
the
Powder
in
the
Magazine
;
the
quantity
whereof
was
so
great
,
as
must
infallibly
have
blown
up
the
whole
Town
,
with
the
Castle
,
and
have
reduc'd
them
both
to
ashes
:
Which
fellow
,
though
taken
in
the
manner
,
and
upon
the
point
to
execute
his
cursed
determination
,
had
nevertheless
no
greater
punishment
for
his
crime
,
than
bare
imprisonment
,
and
that
of
a
few
days
only
,
the
Queen
,
it
should
seem
,
desiring
no
other
satisfaction
,
than
that
of
having
escap'd
the
danger
,
nor
permitting
he
should
so
much
as
be
put
to
the
[
](A42794-e66740-b)*
*
viz.
The
Wrack
.
Question
,
that
she
might
not
be
oblig'd
to
an
animosity
against
those
who
had
either
suggested
to
him
the
thought
,
or
encourag'd
him
in
the
execution
of
so
damnable
a
design
:
So
that
the
Treaty
receiv'd
no
interruption
by
this
practice
,
Bethune
by
his
dexterity
,
and
prudence
,
bringing
it
in
the
end
to
a
happy
conclusion
.
All
things
therefore
being
resolv'd
upon
,
the
King
(
desiring
that
those
assurances
,
had
been
given
to
the
Queen
his
Mother
by
his
Agent
,
should
be
further
confirm'd
to
her
by
some
person
of
eminent
condition
and
Authority
,
sent
to
her
on
his
behalf
)
dispatch'd
away
the
Cardinal
de
la
Rochefoucault
,
whom
he
knew
to
be
a
man
of
great
conduct
,
and
exceedingly
acceptable
to
her
.
The
Duke
,
beginning
from
this
time
forward
to
live
after
the
rate
of
a
man
reconcil'd
to
his
Prince
,
would
do
all
the
Honour
he
could
to
his
Ministers
;
and
therefore
treated
the
Cardinal
,
and
Bethune
with
a
magnificence
that
tasted
nothing
of
the
incommodities
of
the
late
War
:
The
Duke
de
Luines
also
desirous
to
regain
the
Queens
favour
,
The
Queen
Mother
complemen●ed
from
Court
.
And
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
and
to
satisfie
her
that
he
intended
for
the
future
really
to
become
her
Servant
,
sent
to
her
Brantes
his
younger
Brother
,
and
since
Duke
of
Luxembourg
,
to
assure
her
thereof
;
by
whom
he
also
sent
very
civil
,
and
obliging
Letters
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
:
to
which
the
Marriage
that
was
celebrated
at
this
time
betwixt
the
Prince
of
Piedmont
since
Duke
of
Savoy
,
and
Madam
Christina
of
France
,
having
given
this
Prince
,
together
with
Prince
Thomas
his
Brother
,
accasion
also
to
come
pay
their
respects
to
the
Queen
;
her
Court
seem'd
,
in
that
little
place
,
little
inferiour
to
the
Kings
at
Paris
.
The
change
of
her
fortune
invited
moreover
every
day
new
Servants
over
to
her
,
every
one
now
appearing
as
zealous
to
obtain
her
favour
,
as
they
had
before
been
shie
,
and
cold
in
embracing
her
interest
,
and
engaging
in
her
quarrel
.
Upon
which
occasion
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
though
very
much
incommodated
with
the
expense
of
this
War
(
maintain'd
almost
throughout
at
his
cost
,
and
by
his
interest
)
endeavour'd
nevertheless
all
he
could
to
turn
the
best
side
outward
,
pouring
out
himself
in
so
many
magnificences
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon's
magnificence
.
as
perhaps
he
never
had
,
in
his
most
flourishing
condition
,
so
fair
an
opportunity
of
shewing
the
greatness
of
his
mind
,
and
fortune
.
After
having
lodg'd
the
Princes
of
Savoy
in
the
Palace
belonging
to
the
Bishop
of
Angoulesme
,
furnish'd
throughout
with
his
own
rich
Hangings
,
emboss'd
with
Silver
and
Gold
,
he
entertain'd
them
with
the
pleasure
of
hunting
a
Stag
,
presenting
them
with
two
very
beautiful
Coursers
,
he
had
supply'd
them
with
for
that
Chace
.
After
which
he
treated
them
three
several
times
with
so
much
splendour
,
and
magnificence
,
that
it
could
hardly
have
been
greater
at
Paris
.
The
Tables
which
were
forty
times
cover'd
,
were
at
every
covering
serv'd
with
five
several
Courses
;
neither
was
the
profusion
less
at
the
entertainment
of
the
Cardinal
de
la
Rochefoucault
,
and
Brantes
,
wherein
if
the
excess
made
the
Duke's
liberality
highly
esteem'd
,
it
gave
no
less
reputation
to
that
little
Countrey
,
which
could
of
it self
furnish
all
sorts
of
provision
in
so
great
abundance
.
It
was
not
by
the
Cardinal
de
la
Rochefoucault
alone
that
the
Queen
Mother
was
complemented
from
the
King
,
and
assur'd
of
his
good
inclinations
,
and
affection
to
her
;
Luines
who
had
a
desire
so
soon
as
was
possible
to
allure
her
from
Angoulesme
,
sending
moreover
thither
le
Pere
Berulle
,
at
that
time
General
of
the
Congregation
of
the
Oratory
,
and
since
Cardinal
,
to
settle
her
mind
in
a
full
confidence
,
and
security
.
This
Father
,
a
man
of
great
Vertue
,
and
no
less
Capacity
,
was
very
acceptable
to
the
Queen
,
and
in
no
less
esteem
with
the
Duke
;
to
whom
he
had
another
quality
of
it self
sufficient
to
commend
him
,
which
was
his
near
relation
to
President
Seguier
,
the
Duke's
most
intimate
friend
.
After
this
person
had
dispos'd
the
Queen
,
so
soon
as
she
could
,
to
come
to
the
King
,
he
afterwards
treated
at
great
liberty
,
and
freedom
with
the
Duke
in
the
behalf
of
the
Favourite
,
from
whom
he
deliver'd
him
other
Letters
full
of
affectionate
expressions
;
promising
him
withal
in
his
name
all
sorts
of
good
Offices
,
and
Service
;
to
which
the
Duke
having
answer'd
with
the
same
civility
,
the
Queen
was
in
all
apparence
likely
to
be
very
secure
,
and
the
Duke
very
well
us'd
for
the
time
to
come
,
whose
discontents
,
as
they
had
been
the
occasion
of
the
War
,
their
satisfaction
ought
in
all
probability
to
have
settled
the
Peace
of
the
Kingdom
;
though
notwithstanding
this
fair
outside
of
Affairs
we
shall
see
things
fall
out
quite
contrary
in
the
ensuing
year
.
But
to
go
on
with
the
Subject
in
hand
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon
sends
a
dispatch
to
the
King
by
the
Archbishop
of
Tholouze
.
the
Duke
,
seeing
all
things
now
perfectly
reconcil'd
,
conceiv'd
it
very
fit
for
him
to
write
to
the
King
,
to
excuse
what
was
pass'd
;
which
he
accordingly
did
,
and
indeed
in
terms
of
very
great
submission
,
and
respect
,
though
nevertheless
far
from
any
meanness
,
or
so
much
as
any
acknowledgment
of
the
least
offense
:
Wherein
he
represented
to
his
Majesty
,
that
having
obey'd
the
Queen
his
Mother
,
whom
he
had
ever
known
passionately
solicitous
of
the
Kingdoms
prosperity
,
he
never
so
much
as
imagin'd
,
that
the
reverence
he
should
pay
to
a
person
so
nearly
related
to
him
could
be
reputed
for
a
Crime
:
That
although
in
the
very
act
of
taking
Arms
(
to
which
he
found
himself
oblig'd
by
an
inevitable
necessity
)
he
might
possibly
have
given
his
Majesty
some
distaste
,
he
nevertheless
conceiv'd
he
had
by
his
behaviour
therein
so
amply
justified
his
good
intention
,
that
no
impression
ought
to
remain
in
his
Royal
Breast
,
but
what
should
be
to
his
advantage
:
That
he
could
confidently
say
,
that
without
so
much
as
ever
reflecting
upon
his
own
grievances
,
and
disgrace
,
he
had
govern'd
his
passion
from
resolutions
that
might
evidently
enough
have
succeeded
;
wherein
he
had
sufficiently
manifested
the
Reverence
he
bore
to
his
Majesties
Name
,
and
Arms
,
though
in
the
hands
of
his
own
particular
enemies
:
That
he
call'd
all
good
Frenchmen
to
the
test
,
whether
ever
his
own
interest
,
or
animosity
had
transported
him
to
any
action
contrary
to
his
duty
;
and
whether
he
had
not
ever
preserv'd
his
fidelity
unspotted
,
and
pure
,
during
all
the
disorders
of
this
Kingdom
:
That
he
had
now
remaining
but
a
short
time
to
live
,
and
that
he
should
himself
conclude
he
had
already
liv'd
too
long
,
could
he
find
himself
guilty
of
the
least
thought
contrary
to
his
Majesties
Service
,
and
his
own
Duty
:
That
his
Conscience
being
clear
in
that
particular
,
he
demanded
no
other
recompense
for
his
Services
pass'd
,
than
only
a
little
repose
in
his
old
age
;
expecting
an
occasion
wherein
he
might
honourably
dye
for
his
Majesties
Service
:
which
was
the
conclusion
of
his
Letter
.
Dated
at
Angoulesme
the
7th
.
of
Iune
,
1619.
The
Archbishop
of
Tholouze
his
Son
was
dismiss'd
away
with
this
dispatch
,
who
had
also
another
Letter
for
the
Duke
de
Luines
,
in
answer
to
those
the
Duke
had
receiv'd
before
.
The
Queen
in
the
mean
time
was
preparing
for
her
departure
,
but
her
equipage
being
not
to
be
made
ready
so
soon
as
was
desir'd
at
Court
,
where
she
was
with
great
impatience
expected
,
the
Duke
de
Monbazon
,
Father-in-law
to
Luines
,
had
yet
time
to
come
kiss
her
Majesties
hands
,
which
was
nevertheless
,
by
giving
her
new
and
greater
assurances
of
all
the
good
usage
she
could
desire
,
to
press
her
with
the
soonest
to
part
from
Angoulesme
,
The
Queen
Mother
departs
from
Angoulesme
to
go
towards
the
King
.
and
to
separate
her self
from
the
Duke
.
In
the
beginning
of
August
therefore
,
according
to
the
Favourites
desire
,
she
departed
from
Angoulesme
;
in
which
Voyage
the
Duke
only
attended
her
to
the
borders
of
his
own
Government
,
not
caring
to
engage
himself
nearer
to
a
Court
,
to
which
he
was
so
lately
reconcil'd
;
where
the
Queen
at
his
taking
leave
,
after
many
gracious
expressions
of
the
infinite
obligation
she
had
to
him
,
The
Queens
parting
with
the
Duke
,
her
complements
,
and
Present
.
presented
him
with
a
Ring
of
very
great
value
;
together
with
a
request
that
he
would
continually
wear
it
for
her
sake
,
as
he
did
almost
to
his
death
:
This
Ring
was
a
Diamond
cut
into
a
heart
,
and
is
at
this
day
reputed
one
of
the
finest
and
cleanest
for
its
size
in
France
;
and
this
was
all
the
Recompense
he
receiv'd
for
his
Service
he
had
done
the
Queen
,
and
for
above
two
hundred
thousand
Crowns
he
was
out
of
purse
upon
that
accompt
,
which
nevertheless
was
more
than
he
expected
in
the
condition
she
then
was
;
having
propos'd
to
himself
in
the
undertaking
no
other
acknowledgment
,
and
reward
,
than
the
honour
to
serve
her
effectually
,
and
well
upon
this
occasion
.
The
Queen
after
her
departure
from
Angoumois
,
arriv'd
in
a
few
days
at
Cousieres
in
Touraine
,
a
house
belonging
to
the
Duke
of
Monbazon
;
where
Luines
(
accompanied
(
like
a
Favourite
)
with
many
persons
of
very
great
quality
)
came
first
to
wait
upon
her
,
complementing
her
with
the
greatest
civility
,
and
respect
imaginable
,
as
he
was
also
very
graciously
receiv'd
.
And
here
the
Queen
,
who
had
no
mind
to
be
kept
any
longer
at
a
distance
from
the
King
her
Son
,
endeavour'd
with
Luines
(
and
that
with
all
the
insinuation
,
and
artifice
her
haughty
and
imperious
nature
would
permit
)
to
remove
those
difficulties
,
which
,
as
they
had
been
the
causes
of
their
former
separation
,
were
most
likely
to
oppose
their
concurrence
now
.
The
next
day
after
her
arrival
,
The
King
and
Queen
Mother
come
to
an
enterview
.
the
King
with
all
his
Royal
houshold
came
also
to
Cousieres
,
where
at
their
first
enterview
there
was
nothing
but
mutual
manifestations
of
great
affection
,
and
tenderness
on
both
sides
:
from
whence
their
Majesties
went
the
same
day
to
Tours
,
where
for
some
days
they
continued
together
;
but
in
the
end
,
after
all
this
dissembled
kindness
,
the
King
returning
towards
Paris
,
left
the
Queen
more
dissatisfied
to
see
her self
oblig'd
to
go
to
Angers
,
after
so
many
assurances
that
had
been
given
her
she
should
no
more
depart
from
Court
,
From
whence
she
departs
dissatisfied
.
than
she
had
been
before
pleas'd
with
these
demonstrations
of
Honour
and
Respect
,
wherewith
they
had
endeavour'd
to
deceive
her
credulity
,
and
to
flatter
her
sincere
intention
.
From
thenceforward
therefore
she
so
far
resented
L●ines
his
ill
usage
,
The
Queen
Mother
dispos'd
to
a
new
War
.
as
to
meditate
a
revenge
,
and
how
by
a
second
War
to
procure
,
what
by
this
first
Peace
,
she
saw
,
she
could
not
obtain
;
neither
was
the
Bishop
of
Luçon
(
become
now
absolute
with
her
)
sorry
to
see
her
so
dispos'd
:
He
consider'd
,
that
whilst
his
Mistriss
remain'd
thus
excluded
from
Court
,
her
power
being
so
small
,
his
could
not
consequently
be
very
great
;
a
consideration
that
made
this
aspiring
spirit
,
who
already
had
propos'd
to
himself
no
less
than
the
Government
of
the
Kingdom
,
suffer
,
if
possible
,
with
greater
impatience
,
than
the
Queen
her self
,
those
obstacles
that
he
saw
were
oppos'd
to
the
level
of
his
haughty
Ambition
,
and
vast
designs
.
Animated
therefore
with
these
reflections
,
he
began
to
labour
a
good
intelligence
betwixt
such
,
as
he
knew
were
dissatisfied
with
the
present
Government
,
to
re-unite
them
in
the
Queens
Interest
,
as
discontented
as
they
:
Neither
was
it
any
hard
matter
to
win
many
over
to
her
side
,
the
happy
issue
the
Duke
of
Espernon
had
single
,
and
alone
,
procur'd
to
this
Princesses
Affairs
,
having
got
him
so
great
a
reputation
,
that
the
major
part
of
the
great
ones
of
the
Kingdom
made
no
great
difficulty
of
engaging
in
a
cause
,
they
had
seen
so
easily
,
and
by
so
little
means
to
succeed
.
Of
this
number
was
the
Count
de
Soissons
,
and
the
Countess
his
Mother
,
the
Dukes
of
Longueville
,
and
Vandosme
,
the
Grand
Prior
of
France
,
the
Dukes
of
Mayenne
,
and
Retz
,
with
many
other
Princes
,
and
Lords
of
very
eminent
condition
.
Had
the
Duke
of
Espernon
not
been
concern'd
in
the
first
business
,
he
could
never
have
been
drawn
into
this
;
so
many
confederates
of
almost
equal
quality
,
giving
him
to
apprehend
more
from
their
ill
intelligence
betwixt
one
another
,
than
he
could
reasonably
hope
from
their
union
:
but
the
Queen
,
who
repos'd
her
chiefest
confidence
in
him
,
who
had
already
made
trial
of
his
Service
,
and
found
it
so
successful
to
her
,
did
so
ply
him
with
reiterated
favours
,
and
entreaties
,
that
he
could
not
handsomly
avoid
engaging
in
her
behalf
.
Neither
had
he
so
long
stood
off
,
that
he
had
fewer
particular
grievances
than
the
rest
;
but
having
engag'd
his
Faith
to
the
Duke
de
Luines
,
it
would
have
been
almost
impossible
to
have
perswaded
him
to
break
his
word
,
had
not
Luines
himself
given
the
first
example
:
and
on
that
side
it
was
,
that
the
Queen
assaulted
the
Duke
,
by
representing
to
him
the
non-performances
of
those
things
had
been
promis'd
,
and
that
as
it
had
been
principally
through
his
assistance
she
had
obtain'd
all
that
had
been
granted
to
her
,
she
expected
he
should
see
the
Articles
of
the
Treaty
fulfill'd
;
endeavouring
to
perswade
him
,
that
his
own
honour
was
no
less
interested
therein
,
than
her
satisfaction
.
And
that
he
might
the
better
taste
her
reasons
,
she
fail'd
not
to
prepossess
him
with
all
sorts
of
civilities
,
and
favour
,
honouring
him
with
some
presents
,
whereof
one
was
a
very
fine
Watch
,
set
all
over
with
Diamonds
,
and
very
curiously
wrought
;
which
she
accompanied
with
a
Letter
as
kind
,
as
could
possibly
be
writ
upon
such
an
occasion
,
wherein
,
amongst
other
obliging
expressions
she
told
him
:
That
the
Diamonds
,
wherewith
it
was
embellish'd
,
were
not
more
firm
than
her
affection
,
and
that
he
might
assure
himself
the
Services
she
had
receiv'd
from
his
generosity
,
should
ofter
come
into
her
memory
,
than
the
hand
of
that
Watch
should
point
out
hours
every
day
:
To
which
words
(
which
were
,
it
seems
,
the
way
of
writing
at
that
time
,
and
none
of
my
invention
)
I
have
neither
added
,
nor
diminish'd
:
But
by
this
complement
,
and
several
other
testimonies
of
affection
,
and
esteem
,
the
Queen
having
awak'd
the
passion
the
Duke
had
to
give
her
always
all
satisfaction
,
The
Queen
Mother
reengages
the
Duke
of
Espernon
in
her
quarrel
.
she
gave
him
consecutively
a
full
accompt
of
her
determination
,
of
all
the
persons
of
quality
she
had
made
to
her
party
,
and
of
the
powerful
means
she
intended
to
make
use
of
to
re-instate
her self
in
that
degree
of
honour
,
which
was
due
to
her
Person
,
and
Dignity
:
Whereupon
the
Duke
considering
this
second
action
,
as
dependent
upon
the
first
,
solemnly
engag'd
himself
,
and
made
an
absolute
promise
,
once
more
to
serve
her
.
If
the
Queen
was
thus
diligent
to
form
,
Anno
1620.
and
redintegrate
her
party
,
Luines
,
on
the
other
side
,
was
no
less
industrious
now
,
than
he
had
been
before
,
The
Duke
de
Luin●s
endeavours
to
gain
him
first
by
la
Croix
le
Bleré
.
to
break
and
disunite
it
.
He
very
well
knew
the
Queen
to
be
discontent
,
which
she
had
her self
so
publickly
profess'd
;
that
could
be
no
secret
:
He
was
moreover
inform'd
,
that
most
of
the
great
persons
in
the
Kingdom
had
engag'd
with
her
;
and
though
he
doubted
not
,
but
that
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
from
whom
she
had
for
the
time
pass'd
receiv'd
so
many
good
Offices
,
continued
still
his
ancient
fidelity
to
her
;
yet
would
he
notwithstanding
feel
his
pulse
by
la
Croix
de
Bleré
,
whom
he
dispatch'd
away
to
him
to
that
purpose
.
This
Gentleman
therefore
comes
to
the
Duke
to
Angoulesme
,
in
the
time
of
the
Carnaval
;
where
he
found
him
taken
up
with
entertainments
,
that
nothing
relish'd
of
the
meditation
of
an
approaching
War
,
making
merry
with
the
Company
of
the
Town
,
which
at
this
Festival
was
increas'd
with
several
Families
of
the
neighbouring
Gentry
.
La
Croix
,
who
would
by
all
means
make
use
of
his
dexterity
,
to
sound
the
Duke's
intention
,
met
with
a
person
in
him
,
that
was
not
easie
to
be
pry'd
into
;
so
that
the
Duke
,
after
having
discours'd
with
him
,
in
general
terms
,
of
the
Queen
Mothers
Interests
and
Affairs
;
and
having
return'd
a
civil
answer
to
Luines
his
Complement
,
dismiss'd
his
Ambassadour
,
perfectly
instructed
of
what
he
conceal'd
from
none
,
and
of
what
he
did
not
care
Luines
himself
should
know
.
The
first
Essay
having
given
the
Favourite
no
great
satisfaction
,
who
already
saw
,
that
Affairs
began
to
grow
hot
,
with
the
season
;
that
the
Count
de
Soissons
,
with
the
Countess
his
Mother
,
had
left
the
Court
,
that
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
had
done
the
same
,
and
that
the
Duke
of
Longueville
,
and
the
Brothers
of
Vandosme
were
already
in
their
Government
in
actual
Arms
:
He
would
therefore
be
no
longer
in
suspense
,
what
he
was
to
expect
from
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
who
of
all
others
he
had
the
greatest
mind
to
withdraw
from
the
Queen
Mothers
Interest
;
well
enough
foreseeing
,
that
if
the
youth
and
inexperience
of
most
of
the
other
Lords
were
not
govern'd
by
his
prudence
,
they
would
be
easie
enough
to
deal
withal
.
And
afterwards
by
T●iras
,
He
therefore
dispatch'd
away
Toiras
(
since
Mareschal
of
France
)
to
treat
with
him
obout
this
Affair
.
The
Duke
was
then
at
his
house
of
Plassac
in
Xaintonge
(
since
famous
for
his
disgraces
)
making
private
Leavies
,
by
the
assistance
of
his
Friends
;
to
whom
he
had
given
instructions
to
make
sure
of
their
own
people
,
without
nevertheless
telling
them
what
they
were
to
be
employ'd
about
,
till
his
further
order
.
Toiras
had
here
in
Commission
to
tell
him
:
That
the
Duke
de
Luines
,
absolutely
relying
upon
his
friendship
since
their
late
reconciliation
,
could
not
give
credit
to
some
reports
he
had
heard
to
the
contrary
;
that
since
that
time
he
had
not
●ail'd
the
least
in
any
of
the
good
Offices
the
Duke
had
requir'd
at
his
hands
;
that
all
his
Commands
,
Pensions
,
and
Assignments
of
Offices
,
had
been
in
part
already
paid
,
and
should
suddenly
be
fully
discharg'd
:
That
for
the
future
he
should
be
maintain'd
in
all
their
functions
,
and
priviledges
more
advantageously
,
than
hitherto
he
had
ever
been
:
That
if
yet
all
this
fair
dealing
was
too
little
to
satisfie
him
,
let
him
but
say
what
he
would
have
,
and
that
Monsieur
de
Luines
would
endeavour
to
procure
it
for
him
:
That
in
the
mean
time
he
only
conjur'd
him
to
separate
himself
from
the
Queen
Mothers
Interest
,
with
whom
he
had
now
no
reasonable
pretense
to
engage
:
That
he
had
already
serv'd
her
so
well
,
and
so
worthily
acquitted
himself
of
all
he
had
undertaken
in
her
behalf
,
as
thereby
to
acquire
the
esteem
,
and
commendation
of
even
his
greatest
enemies
:
That
therefore
he
ought
not
to
expose
a
reputation
,
wherein
he
had
no
rival
,
to
the
hazard
of
being
overthrown
,
and
blemish'd
by
some
sinister
disgrace
:
That
all
things
had
been
perform'd
,
had
been
promis'd
the
Queen
in
the
Treaty
of
Angoulesme
;
but
that
nothing
could
satisfie
some
ambitious
spirits
about
her
,
who
doubtless
possess'd
her
,
she
was
not
well
us'd
,
if
not
permitted
to
rule
in
Chief
.
The
Duke
having
given
Toiras
audience
for
two
days
together
,
without
declaring
himself
,
and
having
entertain'd
him
by
intervals
with
shewing
him
some
Garden
Instruments
,
an
employment
wherein
he
said
he
intended
to
pass
away
the
remainder
of
his
life
,
he
at
last
drew
him
aside
,
where
he
told
him
:
That
he
was
too
brave
a
Gentleman
to
be
otherwise
dealt
withal
,
than
with
a
free
,
and
open
heart
:
That
in
truth
he
had
some
reason
in
his
own
particular
(
whatever
might
be
said
to
the
contrary
)
to
complain
of
not
having
receiv'd
,
both
as
to
his
own
,
and
his
friends
concerns
,
that
satisfaction
,
whereof
they
had
been
so
amply
assur'd
;
instancing
in
some
things
,
and
amongst
others
the
refusal
of
a
Cardinals
Hat
for
the
Archbishop
of
Tholouze
his
Son
:
but
that
he
call'd
God
to
witness
)
his
own
Interest
should
never
tempt
him
into
Arms
:
That
he
very
well
knew
the
mischiefs
,
and
disorders
attended
a
Civil
War
,
which
he
had
ever
had
in
great
horror
;
but
that
the
Queen
Mother
having
done
him
the
honour
to
command
his
assistance
in
her
removal
from
Blois
,
and
having
further
honour'd
him
by
making
use
of
his
person
,
and
those
of
his
friends
for
the
recovery
of
her
Dignity
,
the
violation
of
those
things
had
been
granted
to
her
,
must
necessarily
reflect
as
much
upon
him
,
if
not
more
,
than
upon
her
Majesty
her self
:
That
notwithstanding
he
demanded
nothing
in
his
own
behalf
,
let
them
only
contrive
how
to
satisfie
the
Queen
,
and
that
being
done
,
he
promis'd
Mounsieur
de
Luines
to
be
his
friend
,
and
Servant
as
much
,
and
as
inviolably
as
any
person
in
the
world
.
But
in
vain
.
With
this
frank
declaration
he
dismiss'd
●oiras
,
not
however
without
entertaining
a
very
good
opinion
of
his
person
,
and
parts
,
which
he
discover'd
under
a
very
profound
silence
▪
and
reservation
;
I
never
,
to
my
remembrance
,
having
observ'd
any
man
to
speak
so
little
as
this
Gentleman
.
After
his
departure
,
The
Q●een
Mothers
second
War
.
the
Duke
having
intelligence
,
that
the
rest
who
were
engag'd
in
the
Queens
party
were
already
in
Arms
,
he
follow'd
their
example
,
and
brought
his
Troops
also
into
the
Field
:
but
all
their
Forces
being
now
on
foot
there
was
no
little
debate
in
the
Queens
Council
,
how
they
should
dispose
of
her
Majesties
person
.
The
Duke
of
Mayenne
,
who
had
a
very
good
Army
in
Guienne
,
mov'd
with
great
fervency
,
that
she
might
retire
her self
into
his
Government
,
where
he
had
gather'd
together
above
eighteen
hundred
effective
men
:
but
the
Duke
of
Espernon
understanding
his
design
was
to
be
Master
of
the
Queens
person
,
the
better
at
her
expense
,
and
the
Lords
of
her
Party
to
make
his
own
conditions
,
would
by
no
means
allow
of
that
proposition
;
neither
had
there
been
no
jealousie
in
the
case
,
could
he
have
approv'd
that
counsel
;
he
consider'd
that
the
Queen
Mothers
absence
,
and
departure
from
Angers
in
so
critical
a
juncture
,
would
be
interpreted
a
flight
,
which
would
very
much
discredit
her
Affairs
,
and
by
which
occasion
,
besides
the
loss
of
reputation
(
wherein
commonly
consists
the
event
of
War
)
she
would
infallibly
lose
all
the
Provinces
betwixt
the
Rivers
of
Loire
,
and
Garonne
,
which
were
now
wholly
at
her
devotion
,
and
might
be
disputed
a
great
while
.
For
which
reasons
he
concluded
it
much
better
,
and
more
advantageous
to
the
Queens
Service
,
to
unite
those
Forces
he
had
,
with
those
of
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
,
and
to
march
them
away
to
Angers
to
joyn
with
the
Queen
,
who
being
re-inforc'd
with
five
and
twenty
thousand
men
at
least
,
that
they
were
able
to
make
up
betwixt
them
,
would
be
in
a
capacity
to
reduce
the
Duke
de
Luines
to
reason
;
which
ought
to
be
the
true
intent
of
their
Arms
,
and
not
the
particular
Interests
of
particular
men
;
who
,
as
they
had
only
taken
them
up
in
her
name
,
were
to
use
them
only
for
her
Service
.
Doubtless
had
this
latter
advice
been
receiv'd
,
the
King's
Army
would
have
found
enough
to
do
:
But
the
Bishop
of
Luçon
,
who
had
no
mind
to
have
persons
of
the
Duke's
condition
,
and
capacity
,
so
near
the
Queen
,
for
fear
of
falling
from
the
place
he
had
in
her
confidence
,
and
esteem
,
could
by
no
means
consent
either
that
she
should
depart
from
Angers
,
or
that
the
Duke
of
Espernon
should
go
thither
to
her
.
The
knowledge
he
had
of
the
Duke
's
free
and
unbyass'd
humour
,
made
him
apprehend
,
he
should
be
by
him
sometimes
contradicted
in
his
opinions
,
and
by
that
means
be
no
more
absolute
Master
of
the
Queens
Counsels
:
so
that
dextrously
spinning
out
the
time
,
without
coming
to
any
positive
resolution
,
the
Duke
grew
weary
of
these
delays
,
and
unwilling
to
let
his
Forces
unprofitably
moulder
away
in
Xaintonge
,
and
Angoumois
(
Countreys
that
yet
smarted
with
the
last
years
War
)
he
departed
thence
to
quarter
them
more
commodiously
in
Limousin
,
where
better
provision
was
to
be
made
both
for
Horse
and
Man
.
Whilst
in
the
Queen
Mothers
Council
they
consum'd
the
time
in
debates
,
without
resolving
what
to
do
,
the
King
,
on
the
other
side
by
the
Prince
of
Condé's
advice
,
The
Q●eens
affairs
have
ill
succe●s
.
put
his
deliberations
into
prompt
execution
.
The
Duke
de
Luines
very
well
inform'd
of
the
Queen
Mothers
discontents
,
after
the
interview
at
●ours
,
and
satisfied
,
that
,
after
the
offense
he
had
there
given
her
,
he
was
no
more
to
expect
her
favour
,
resolv'd
to
secure
himself
under
this
Prince's
Protection
;
wherein
he
thought
he
was
so
much
the
more
safe
from
the
Queens
revenge
,
by
how
much
the
Prince
had
himself
reason
to
complain
of
the
ill
usage
he
had
receiv'd
under
her
administration
;
during
whose
Regency
,
Conchini
had
clap'd
him
up
in
prison
;
from
whence
Luines
,
presently
after
the
King
's
coming
to
Paris
,
got
him
releas'd
:
An
obligation
,
which
,
as
it
was
great
in
it self
,
was
soon
after
repaid
with
as
grateful
a
return
.
The
Prince
had
found
by
his
own
experience
,
what
an
influence
the
Royal
name
has
upon
all
parts
of
the
Kingdom
,
very
well
remembring
how
easie
it
had
been
for
his
Majesty
to
have
suppress'd
him
,
when
he
retir'd
from
Court
to
Soissons
,
whither
had
the
King
follow'd
him
in
person
,
with
no
more
than
the
Regiment
of
his
Guards
only
,
he
had
infallibly
reduc'd
him
to
a
necessity
,
either
of
submitting
to
his
mercy
,
or
of
leaving
the
Kingdom
:
out
of
which
observation
he
advis'd
the
King
,
suddenly
to
mount
to
Horse
,
and
to
go
in
person
to
Caen
,
which
was
the
nearest
of
the
revolted
Cities
;
wherein
what
the
Prince
had
so
judiciously
foreseen
,
as
happily
succeeded
,
Caen
surrendring
almost
without
any
resistance
,
Prudent
,
who
commanded
there
for
the
Grand
Prior
Vandosme
,
delivering
it
up
almost
so
soon
as
summon'd
into
his
Majesties
hands
.
This
little
success
having
frighted
all
the
other
places
of
Normandy
,
that
made
any
countenance
of
revolt
,
into
their
Duty
,
his
Majesty
immediately
departed
thence
,
to
advance
towards
Angers
;
when
being
met
by
some
Troops
upon
the
way
,
and
by
them
his
Regiments
of
the
French
and
Swisse
Guards
being
re-inforc'd
,
he
caus'd
le
Pont
de
Cé
,
to
be
assaulted
in
his
own
presence
;
where
almost
in
a
moment
,
and
after
a
very
light
dispute
,
all
the
Queens
Forces
ran
away
,
leaving
the
pass
to
the
Enemy
:
by
which
disaster
those
who
were
about
the
Queens
person
saw
the
error
they
had
committed
,
in
not
calling
the
Duke
of
Espernon
to
her
succour
;
it
being
not
to
be
doubted
,
but
that
had
she
had
a
Captain
of
his
experience
and
valour
,
to
command
upon
that
occasion
,
he●
interests
would
have
been
much
better
defended
.
The
Queen
,
after
this
blow
being
in
the
fright
may
be
imagin'd
,
was
fit
to
reject
no
overtures
of
Peace
.
She
had
indeed
before
this
engagement
made
some
demands
,
and
propos'd
some
conditions
;
but
after
this
baffle
her
Army
had
receiv'd
,
she
was
now
to
submit
to
what
law
the
Conqueror
would
impose
upon
her
:
The
Q●een
accepts
a
Peace
without
condi●ion
.
Wherein
all
those
who
had
engag'd
in
her
Party
were
abandoned
to
the
King's
mercy
;
but
as
for
her self
,
she
was
permitted
to
come
to
Court
.
And
that
was
as
much
as
the
Bishop
of
Luçon
desir'd
,
which
gave
some
occasion
to
say
,
that
he
held
intelligence
,
and
had
contracted
with
the
enemy
before
he
came
,
that
he
had
oppos'd
the
uniting
of
her
Forces
,
and
diverted
such
as
were
capable
of
command
from
coming
to
serve
her
,
as
being
beforehand
assur'd
to
obtain
the
sole
condition
he
aim'd
at
;
which
being
granted
,
he
car'd
not
to
leave
the
rest
of
her
Majesties
Servants
to
shift
for
themselves
:
but
this
I
shall
not
take
upon
me
to
affirm
,
though
it
was
the
common
discourse
at
that
time
.
The
Duke
had
notice
by
a
Gentleman
,
the
Queen
Mother
purposely
dispatch'd
away
to
him
,
of
her
Reconciliation
with
the
King
;
who
finding
him
at
St.
Clau
a
Frontier
of
Limousin
,
to
which
place
he
was
advanc'd
with
his
Forces
,
he
presently
thereupon
,
without
staying
a
more
express
Order
from
Court
,
or
so
much
as
thinking
of
any
Capitulation
for
himself
,
dismiss'd
all
his
Troops
;
insomuch
that
the
Currier
who
afterwards
brought
him
an
express
from
the
King
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon
la●s
down
his
Arms.
to
lay
down
his
Arms
,
found
that
,
out
of
an
entire
confidence
in
his
Majesties
Royal
Bounty
,
he
had
already
prevented
his
command
,
and
put
himself
into
a
posture
of
absolute
dependence
upon
his
Grace
,
and
Favour
.
Neither
did
the
Duke
think
this
act
of
his
own
particular
obedience
enough
,
And
the
Marquis
de
la
Valette
,
by
the
command
of
the
Duke
his
Father
.
unless
he
further
commanded
the
Marquis
de
la
Valette
his
Son
(
who
had
never
stirr'd
from
Metz
)
to
do
the
same
.
Upon
the
breaking
out
of
this
second
War
,
as
in
the
first
,
he
had
been
there
invested
with
a
very
considerable
Army
;
neither
had
they
fail'd
,
as
before
,
to
stir
up
the
Inhabitants
(
whose
inclinations
commonly
change
with
the
fortune
of
those
that
command
them
)
to
mutiny
against
him
.
Of
which
practice
the
Marquis
having
intelligence
on
all
hands
,
that
the
people
had
a
design
upon
his
person
,
and
that
despising
his
weakness
,
(
who
to
spare
their
purses
,
and
to
win
their
affections
,
had
forbore
to
quarter
any
Souldiers
upon
them
)
they
talk'd
loud
of
opening
their
Gates
,
and
letting
the
King's
Army
into
the
City
;
he
was
constrain'd
by
the
truth
,
and
importance
of
this
advice
,
to
deal
with
some
Captains
of
the
old
Regiments
of
that
very
Army
that
came
against
him
:
In
the
old
body
of
which
Army
there
were
very
few
Officers
who
were
not
the
Duke
his
Fathers
Creatures
,
and
who
stood
not
oblig'd
to
him
for
their
Fortune
,
and
Commands
;
whereof
some
fifteen
or
twenty
deserted
the
Royal
Arms
,
to
go
serve
him
in
this
extremity
of
danger
;
some
sending
him
in
Squadrons
by
their
Serjeants
,
and
others
bringing
over
their
whole
Companies
:
so
that
by
an
act
of
honourable
gratitude
(
the
example
whereof
is
not
nevertheless
to
be
altogether
approv'd
)
they
brought
him
over
in
one
night
above
fifteen
hundred
men
of
the
best
Souldiers
in
the
Army
.
With
this
relief
(
seeing
the
Town
upon
the
point
of
a
total
Revolt
)
he
attempted
,
by
disarming
the
Inhabitants
,
to
secure
his
own
Fortune
,
which
he
accordingly
perform'd
,
and
that
without
any
notable
violence
;
for
having
dispos'd
his
men
into
the
most
advantageous
Posts
of
the
City
,
he
made
Proclamation
that
at
the
beat
of
Drum
,
upon
a
penalty
impos'd
,
every
one
should
bring
their
Arms
into
the
Bishops
Palace
;
After
having
preserv'd
Metz
by
disarming
the
Inhabitants
.
which
order
being
given
,
he
himself
accompanied
with
some
five
and
twenty
or
thirty
Gentlemen
,
mounted
on
horseback
to
be
ready
in
such
places
,
where
he
had
information
,
some
bustle
was
like
to
be
;
a
precaution
that
was
not
altogether
necessary
,
the
people
being
so
daunted
at
his
resolution
,
as
with
a
stupid
silence
,
and
sheepish
tameness
,
with
a
submission
greater
now
,
than
their
insolence
had
been
before
,
quietly
giving
up
their
Arms
;
by
which
means
they
remain'd
incapable
of
executing
any
mischief
,
at
least
if
(
as
it
was
evident
enough
)
they
yet
retain'd
a
will
to
do
it
.
Yet
would
not
the
Duke
of
Espernon
make
any
other
advantage
of
this
success
,
The
Duke
of
Mayenne
refuses
to
accept
the
Peace
,
and
endeavours
to
engage
the
Duke
,
of
Espernon
in
his
discontents
.
than
thereby
the
better
to
manifest
to
the
King
his
submission
,
and
the
confidence
he
repos'd
in
his
Royal
Goodness
;
resigning
himself
up
wholly
into
his
hands
:
but
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
would
not
do
so
,
who
on
the
contrary
fearing
lest
the
Duke
de
Luines
,
whom
he
had
highly
provok'd
,
having
him
at
his
mercy
,
should
take
some
notable
revenge
of
the
injuries
,
he
had
done
him
,
could
not
so
soon
resolve
to
lay
down
his
Arms.
He
could
much
rather
have
been
content
to
have
possess'd
the
Duke
with
the
same
apprehensions
,
and
to
have
engag'd
him
with
him
in
some
violent
extreme
,
thereby
to
procure
their
own
conditions
:
to
which
purpose
he
also
sent
to
sound
his
inclination
,
and
to
represent
to
him
their
common
danger
,
if
they
did
not
provide
for
the
security
of
their
lives
,
and
fortunes
,
before
they
parted
with
their
Swords
out
of
their
hands
:
but
the
Duke
sent
him
word
again
,
Who
refuses
to
stir
.
That
his
resolution
was
already
taken
,
and
that
as
he
had
taken
up
arms
for
no
particular
interest
of
his
own
,
so
he
had
laid
them
down
so
soon
as
he
knew
the
Queen
was
satisfied
:
That
he
hop'd
his
Majesties
Clemency
would
easily
extend
it self
to
all
his
Subjects
,
who
should
not
obstinately
persist
in
their
disobedience
:
That
therefore
he
could
give
Monsieur
de
Mayenne
no
other
advice
,
than
that
he
had
taken
himself
;
which
,
though
it
should
not
succeed
well
with
him
,
he
had
rather
be
ill
us'd
whilst
he
could
justifie
himself
innocent
,
than
after
having
committed
a
fault
that
would
render
him
criminal
beyond
all
excuse
.
By
which
answer
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
seeing
he
had
set
up
his
rest
in
this
determination
,
and
finding
himself
too
weak
alone
to
wrestle
with
the
King's
Name
and
Power
,
he
was
in
the
end
fain
to
submit
,
and
to
return
to
his
Duty
:
wherein
nevertheless
his
Majesty
,
who
knew
after
what
manner
both
the
one
,
and
the
other
proceeded
,
as
highly
commended
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
as
he
blam'd
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
.
One
would
have
said
that
this
great
disorder
in
the
Queen
Mothers
Affairs
,
wherein
so
many
persons
,
and
those
of
so
eminent
condition
were
engag'd
,
only
hapned
to
set
a
greater
value
,
and
lustre
upon
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
conduct
.
In
the
first
War
,
alone
,
and
unassisted
by
any
,
he
so
manag'd
the
few
Forces
he
had
,
as
without
giving
ground
to
his
adversaries
,
he
ever
kept
himself
in
a
posture
to
resist
them
,
and
so
as
in
the
end
to
obtain
reasonable
Conditions
,
not
only
for
the
Queen
,
but
also
for
himself
,
and
his
friends
,
without
ever
submitting
to
his
enemies
discretion
;
whereas
in
this
there
was
no
reservation
for
any
,
insomuch
that
of
all
the
great
men
who
were
engag'd
in
this
last
business
,
there
was
not
one
who
lay
not
open
,
and
expos'd
to
the
utmost
severity
of
the
King's
justice
,
had
he
been
pleas'd
to
have
proceeded
against
them
.
'T
is
true
notwithstanding
that
his
Majesty
in
his
Clemency
pardon'd
every
one
;
but
it
was
meerly
an
effect
of
his
own
goodness
,
without
any
obligation
upon
him
,
either
by
writing
,
or
the
least
promise
at
all
.
The
King
assur'd
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
obedience
,
and
finding
by
his
late
signal
advantages
,
how
much
his
own
presence
had
contributed
to
the
success
of
his
own
Affairs
,
taking
his
measures
from
thence
,
what
he
might
promise
to
himself
by
the
same
method
in
other
occurrences
,
he
resolv'd
for
the
future
to
appear
in
his
own
Person
upon
all
occasions
of
importance
,
the
better
thereby
to
establish
his
Royal
Authority
in
all
parts
of
his
Kingdom
.
The
King
goes
into
Guienne
and
Bearne
.
The
Affairs
of
Bearne
therefore
being
of
such
a
nature
,
as
that
his
presence
seem'd
to
be
very
necessary
there
,
he
determin'd
to
move
that
way
,
and
even
to
go
over
into
it
,
if
occasion
should
be
.
In
order
whereunto
being
advanc'd
from
P●ictou
,
as
far
as
Xaintonge
,
he
was
pleas'd
to
permit
that
the
Duke
of
Espernon
should
come
to
him
to
make
his
Apology
for
what
had
pass'd
upon
the
borders
of
his
own
Government
.
His
Majesty
therefore
was
no
sooner
come
to
Chizay
,
but
that
the
Duke
de
Be●legarde
(
who
was
very
well
at
Court
,
and
exceedingly
solicitous
of
the
Duke
his
Kinsmans
Interest
)
came
to
see
the
Duke
at
Aunay
,
to
assure
him
he
might
be
very
kindly
receiv'd
by
the
King
.
The
Duke
had
never
so
much
as
desir'd
any
such
security
,
so
confident
he
had
been
in
the
King's
bounty
,
and
his
own
deportment
;
nevertheless
confirm'd
in
the
hope
of
so
gracious
a
reception
,
from
so
good
a
hand
,
they
departed
together
from
the
Duke's
Lodgings
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon
presents
himself
to
the
King
,
and
asks
his
pardon
.
to
go
directly
to
the
King
's
:
Where
the
Duke
was
no
sooner
seen
to
enter
,
but
all
the
Court
flock'd
to
the
novelty
;
so
that
I
have
heard
the
Duke
say
,
that
seeing
the
crowd
there
was
to
observe
his
reception
,
and
to
hear
what
he
would
say
for
his
excuse
,
he
strain'd
his
voice
much
louder
than
he
us'd
to
do
,
to
satisfie
the
curiosity
of
the
standers
by
;
telling
the
King
in
few
words
:
That
he
never
thought
it
a
disservice
to
his
Majesty
to
serve
the
Queen
his
Mother
;
but
that
since
he
had
been
so
unhappy
,
as
to
have
incurr'd
his
Majesties
displeasure
,
he
most
humbly
begg'd
his
Pardon
;
protesting
that
the
Grace
he
should
be
pleas'd
to
grant
him
upon
this
occasion
,
should
be
the
last
of
this
nature
he
would
ever
ask
of
him
,
so
long
as
he
had
life
,
there
being
no
pretense
,
nor
consideration
whatsoever
,
that
should
ever
have
the
power
to
separate
him
from
any
interest
,
wherein
he
should
see
his
Majesties
name
,
and
person
engag'd
.
A
promise
that
he
from
that
time
forward
inviolably
observ'd
,
as
we
shall
hereafter
see
.
The
Duke
was
kneel'd
down
when
he
first
began
to
speak
,
but
the
King
raising
him
at
the
first
word
,
and
embracing
him
at
the
end
of
this
short
speech
;
his
Majesty
reply'd
:
That
he
was
confident
he
would
be
as
good
as
his
word
,
And
is
very
well
receiv'd
.
receiving
him
with
great
demonstrations
of
favour
,
and
esteem
:
When
after
having
entertain'd
him
some
time
,
his
Majesty
dismist
him
that
he
might
go
visit
the
Duke
de
Luines
;
betwixt
whom
at
their
meeting
there
pass'd
great
civilities
on
both
sides
,
with
many
assurances
of
reciprocal
affection
.
And
that
very
day
the
Duke
executed
his
command
of
Colonel
in
the
King's
Lodgings
,
receiving
orders
from
the
King
's
own
mouth
to
carry
them
to
the
Regiment
of
Guards
.
The
next
day
his
Majesty
commanded
him
to
go
prepare
his
entry
into
St.
Iean
d'
Angely
,
a
City
in
his
Government
,
but
held
by
those
of
the
Religion
,
and
into
which
he
had
never
till
now
been
receiv'd
;
so
that
he
saw
himself
at
the
same
time
,
not
only
restor'd
to
his
old
Commands
,
but
also
by
a
particular
favour
from
his
Majesty
,
authoriz'd
in
places
,
where
,
as
yet
he
had
never
been
.
The
Duke
was
surpriz'd
at
so
extraordinary
,
and
so
unexpected
favours
but
much
more
when
he
understood
it
was
in
part
,
through
Rucellay's
good
Offices
,
that
he
receiv'd
them
;
who
though
they
had
not
parted
very
kindly
(
as
you
may
have
observ'd
)
could
not
nevertheless
forbear
upon
all
occasions
to
magnifie
the
Duke's
generosity
and
vertue
,
and
to
manifest
the
desire
he
had
to
be
reconcil'd
to
his
good
opinion
.
Rucellay
had
great
interest
at
Court
,
the
Duke
de
Luines
repos'd
●
great
confidence
in
him
,
and
was
the
rather
enclin'd
to
credit
all
the
good
things
he
said
of
the
Duke
,
by
how
much
his
testimony
(
upon
the
terms
they
then
stood
)
was
no
ways
to
be
suspected
.
The
Duke
anticipated
by
so
many
good
Offices
,
was
as
careful
to
let
Rucellay
know
how
exceeding
kindly
he
took
them
at
his
hands
;
so
that
from
a
violent
feud
,
their
hot
spirits
being
re-united
in
a
very
particular
friendship
,
the
Duke
receiv'd
very
great
assistance
from
Rucellay
,
in
an
Affair
wherein
he
was
very
highly
concern'd
.
And
that
was
the
re-establishment
of
those
Captains
,
who
had
forfeited
their
Commands
by
putting
themselves
into
Metz
with
the
Marquis
de
la
Valette
.
The
Court
could
not
suffer
an
act
of
that
dangerous
example
to
escape
unpunish'd
;
and
on
the
contrary
the
Duke
press'd
an
oblivion
of
that
Affair
with
greater
fervency
than
he
had
ever
done
any
concern
of
his
own
;
wherein
I
have
often
heard
him
acknowledge
his
obligation
to
Rucellay
,
by
whose
solicitation
he
at
last
obtain'd
his
desire
:
Courbon
,
Reals
,
Verdelin
,
Boussonniere
,
and
some
others
of
very
great
merit
were
restor'd
to
their
Commands
,
though
it
was
but
to
deprive
the
Duke
the
sooner
of
so
many
worthy
friends
;
who
were
scarce
re-establish'd
in
their
Commands
,
when
willing
to
make
amends
for
the
fault
they
had
committed
by
some
notable
testimony
of
their
fidelity
,
and
valour
upon
the
first
occasion
should
present
it self
,
they
unfortunately
perish'd
in
that
brave
design
,
leaving
the
Duke
infinitely
afflicted
,
that
he
could
not
oblige
them
,
but
to
their
ruine
.
From
Xaintonge
the
King
pass'd
over
into
Guienne
,
wherein
though
his
Majesty
had
no
resolution
of
proceeding
so
far
as
Bearne
;
yet
was
it
necessary
he
should
advance
to
Bordeaux
,
to
dissolve
the
powerful
Faction
was
form'd
in
that
Province
in
favour
of
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
,
which
had
sufficiently
discover'd
it self
in
the
great
Leavies
,
and
Provisions
of
War
,
The
Duke
receives
a
promise
of
his
Majesties
coming
to
his
house
at
Cadillas
.
that
had
there
been
made
.
In
this
Voyage
the
Duke
had
hopes
of
seeing
his
Majesty
at
his
house
of
Cadillac
,
and
indeed
the
Duke
of
Luines
had
promis'd
him
he
should
;
a
favour
he
ought
so
much
the
more
to
covet
,
as
it
would
manifest
to
all
the
world
his
perfect
reconciliation
with
the
King
his
Master
:
So
that
he
whom
every
one
the
year
before
concluded
utterly
lost
in
the
Queen
Mothers
Affairs
,
seeing
him
now
restor'd
to
a
greater
degree
of
reputation
,
and
favour
,
than
perhaps
he
had
ever
been
,
could
not
but
admire
his
Conduct
,
and
attribute
as
much
to
his
Prudence
,
as
his
Fortune
;
which
,
it
should
seem
,
had
only
strew'd
those
difficulties
in
his
way
,
that
they
might
by
him
be
the
more
gloriously
overcome
.
His
Majesty
con●nuing
his
way
through
Guienne
,
took
occasion
to
call
at
Blaye
;
from
whence
he
remov'd
Lussan
,
Vicount
de
Aubeterre
,
to
recompense
him
with
the
staff
of
a
Mareschal
of
France
;
placing
Brantes
(
since
Duke
of
Luxembourg
in
the
right
of
his
Wife
)
in
his
stead
.
Whilst
these
things
were
in
doing
,
the
Duke
of
Espernon
(
who
attended
his
Majesty
in
this
Voyage
)
took
the
opportunity
to
go
prepare
his
house
for
his
reception
;
Where
he
is
ma●nificently
entertain'●
.
wherein
he
order'd
all
things
so
admirably
well
,
and
with
such
magnificence
,
that
his
Majesty
could
hardly
have
been
better
entertain'd
in
any
part
of
the
Kingdom
.
The
noble
Furniture
,
wherewith
this
house
did
abound
,
was
now
all
brought
out
:
The
Kings
Apartment
hung
round
with
Hangings
emboss'd
all
over
with
Gold
,
as
also
ten
Chambers
more
were
furnish'd
with
the
same
,
to
which
the
Beds
of
Cloth
of
Gold
and
Embroidery
were
richly
suited
;
neither
was
the
delicacy
,
rarity
,
or
plenty
of
provisions
inferiour
to
this
outward
Pomp.
All
the
Favourites
Ministers
,
and
others
of
the
greatest
quality
at
Court
,
were
commodiously
lodg'd
in
this
stately
House
,
and
the
Provisionary
Officers
there
found
what
was
not
elsewhere
to
be
seen
in
the
Kingdom
;
which
was
a
vast
series
of
Offices
under
ground
,
so
large
,
and
so
well
fitted
with
lights
,
that
they
were
astonish'd
at
so
prodigious
an
extent
of
Accommodations
;
which
are
indeed
,
if
not
the
chiefest
ornament
,
at
least
the
greatest
convenience
of
a
Building
.
After
his
Majesty
had
ftaid
two
days
at
Cadillac
,
The
King
departs
from
Cadillac
to
go
into
Bearne
.
where
his
whole
Court
had
been
magnificently
treated
,
he
parted
thence
to
continue
his
Journey
towards
Bearne
.
He
was
made
to
believe
,
that
the
Council
of
this
little
Countrey
would
think
fit
to
submit
to
his
Royal
pleasure
,
without
obliging
him
to
perform
that
Voyage
;
to
quicken
which
resolution
his
Majesty
had
pass'd
the
River
of
Garonne
,
which
,
though
when
on
the
other
side
he
was
advanc'd
no
more
than
a
League
only
beyond
Cadillac
,
he
thought
nevertheless
he
had
done
a
great
deal
in
passing
so
great
a
River
with
an
Army
,
and
all
the
equipage
of
his
Court
▪
The
Ministers
,
who
had
a
great
aversion
to
this
ugly
journey
,
would
have
been
very
glad
,
that
Affairs
might
have
been
concluded
there
without
going
any
further
:
but
in
the
end
how
averse
soever
they
were
to
it
,
they
must
undergo
the
trouble
.
The
King
went
thither
,
where
his
presence
produc'd
the
same
effect
it
had
done
in
other
places
;
he
overran
all
this
little
Province
,
seizing
as
he
pass'd
of
Navarrens
,
And
reduces
that
Province
to
their
obedience
.
the
strongest
place
in
it
,
as
he
did
also
of
Ortez
,
and
Olleron
,
principal
Cities
of
that
Countrey
;
he
subverted
all
their
ancient
customs
,
restor'd
the
Bishop
,
and
other
Ecclesiasticks
to
their
Estates
,
and
Dignities
;
took
away
the
administration
of
the
Affairs
of
the
Country
from
those
of
the
Reform'd
Religion
,
and
re-establish'd
his
own
Authority
:
but
he
left
the
Government
of
the
Province
in
the
hands
of
the
Marquis
de
la
Force
since
Mareschal
of
France
;
who
,
impatient
to
see
his
Authority
cut
so
short
by
these
alterations
,
could
hardly
forbear
till
the
King
was
got
back
to
Paris
,
from
reducing
things
again
to
the
same
posture
they
were
in
before
.
He
was
very
confident
that
his
Majesty
,
who
had
already
try'd
the
ill
ways
of
Bearne
,
would
never
be
advis'd
by
his
Ministers
to
undertake
a
second
Journey
into
that
Countrey
,
for
the
resettlement
of
his
Affairs
.
He
knew
that
the
Hugonot
Faction
were
ready
to
find
his
Majesty
enough
to
do
nearer
home
,
and
did
not
believe
,
that
without
his
immediate
presence
they
could
compel
him
to
any
thing
he
had
not
a
mind
to
in
his
own
Government
,
where
his
Authority
was
establish'd
not
only
by
a
long
habitude
he
had
there
contracted
;
but
much
more
by
a
passionate
concurrence
of
the
whole
Body
,
and
of
all
the
Orders
of
the
Province
,
who
agreed
with
him
in
the
same
Religion
.
He
therefore
labour'd
all
Winter
to
drive
out
the
Garrisons
of
Ortez
,
Which
nevertheless
continue●
but
a
short
space
.
and
Olleron
;
so
that
excepting
Navarrens
,
that
was
kept
by
the
Marquis
de
Poianne
,
whom
the
King
had
left
Governour
there
,
he
overthrew
whatever
his
Majesty
had
done
,
shuffling
all
things
again
into
their
former
confusion
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon
pass'd
away
the
same
Winter
in
Guienne
,
and
the
greatest
part
thereof
in
the
County
of
Esparre
,
which
he
had
purchas'd
from
the
Heirs
of
the
late
Mareschal
de
M●tignon
,
a
Territory
in
truth
of
great
beauty
,
and
vast
extent
;
though
the
Revenue
was
but
small
,
by
reason
the
Estate
was
not
well
understood
:
to
remedy
which
the
Duke
caus'd
it
to
be
survey'd
in
his
own
presence
,
a
good
husbandry
,
that
was
not
unprofitable
to
him
,
though
this
Domestick
advantage
was
not
the
only
satisfaction
he
receiv'd
in
that
Country
.
In
the
beginning
of
the
ensuing
year
he
there
receiv'd
news
of
the
promotion
of
the
Archbishop
of
Tholouze
his
Son
to
the
Dignity
of
a
Cardinal
:
Anno
1621.
For
as
the
refusal
of
this
favour
had
caus'd
the
former
breach
betwixt
him
,
The
Archbishop
of
Tholouz●
,
made
Cardinal
.
and
the
Duke
de
Luines
,
so
did
the
Favourite
conceive
that
the
surest
tye
by
which
he
could
bind
the
Duke
to
his
friendship
,
would
be
to
procure
him
that
Addition
;
wherein
he
was
nothing
deceiv'd
,
it
being
impossible
he
could
any
way
oblige
him
more
.
The
Duke
look'd
upon
this
,
as
the
supreme
height
,
and
accomplishment
of
all
the
prosperities
he
had
left
to
desire
;
he
had
already
by
his
Merit
,
and
Services
,
united
a
considerable
number
of
the
greatest
Honours
,
and
bravest
Commands
of
the
Kingdom
in
his
own
person
,
which
he
had
moreover
procur'd
in
survivance
for
his
Posterity
:
so
that
nothing
remain'd
to
render
him
fully
satisfied
with
his
Fortune
,
save
only
to
obtain
one
of
the
chiefest
Dignities
of
the
Church
for
him
he
had
design'd
to
that
profession
.
Yet
was
not
this
the
sole
testimony
of
favour
,
The
Duke's
expedition
into
Bear●●
.
the
Duke
receiv'd
by
this
reconciliation
with
the
Court
Mignion
;
who
being
at
a
loss
for
some
person
of
great
Quality
,
and
Reputation
to
reduce
Bearne
(
which
the
Marquis
de
la
Force
had
excited
to
new
Commotions
)
to
their
Duty
,
and
Obedience
,
and
casting
his
eye
upon
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
as
a
disinterested
person
,
and
capable
of
the
greatest
undertaking
,
he
propos'd
him
to
the
King
for
this
employment
;
who
well
approving
of
his
choice
,
the
charge
of
this
expedition
(
wherein
his
Majesty
seem'd
more
than
ordinarily
concern'd
)
was
forthwith
committed
to
his
care
.
Neither
,
The
Duke
receives
his
Commission
.
if
his
Majesty
conferr'd
herein
a
signal
honour
upon
the
Duke
,
can
it
be
deny'd
,
but
that
he
made
as
fortunate
a
choice
for
himself
,
and
for
the
advantage
of
his
Affairs
.
The
Duke
receiv'd
his
Order
at
Cadillac
by
la
Saludie
,
which
was
only
in
paper
,
without
any
assignation
either
of
men
,
or
money
,
wherewithal
to
begin
the
work
,
but
a
great
clutter
of
Commissions
,
and
dispatches
only
;
so
that
the
whole
weight
of
the
King's
design
lean'd
absolutely
upon
his
Interest
and
Wisdom
;
which
it
was
happy
were
so
considerable
,
things
had
not
else
succeeded
as
they
did
:
but
the
Duke
had
so
great
a
desire
to
confirm
the
King
in
the
good
opinion
he
had
already
entertain'd
of
his
Loyal
Intentions
,
that
there
was
nothing
he
would
not
attempt
,
to
let
his
Majesty
see
,
he
was
neither
unworthy
of
this
present
Favour
,
nor
unmindful
of
his
former
Grace
,
and
Goodness
.
Having
therefore
wisely
consider'd
,
that
diligence
must
strike
the
greatest
stroke
in
this
Affair
,
and
that
should
he
give
the
Marquis
de
la
Force
leisure
to
gather
together
the
Forces
of
the
Hugonot
Faction
,
who
were
already
preparing
to
joyn
in
their
common
defense
,
he
should
engage
himself
in
a
long
,
and
difficult
War
;
he
departed
from
Cadillac
six
days
after
he
had
receiv'd
the
King's
Command
.
The
Duke
begins
his
Journey
.
The
first
day
(
accompanied
only
with
the
Servants
of
his
own
Family
)
he
went
to
lie
at
Langon
,
another
of
his
own
Demeasnes
,
from
whence
he
proceeded
without
stay
as
far
as
Mont
de
Marsan
,
where
he
had
appointed
the
Rendezvous
for
those
he
had
invited
to
serve
his
Majesty
upon
this
occasion
.
He
had
before
he
departed
from
his
own
house
writ
to
divers
persons
in
Guienne
,
and
in
his
own
Governments
of
Xaintonge
,
and
Angoumois
to
joyn
with
him
;
of
which
so
few
fail'd
to
come
in
,
that
at
the
Rendezvous
,
a
handsomer
,
nor
a
more
numerous
body
of
Gentlemen
Volunteers
to
follow
a
Subject
,
and
serving
out
of
his
own
Government
,
has
hardly
been
seen
:
A
great
number
of
Gentlemen
come
in
to
follow
the
Duke
of
Esp●rnon
in
this
expedition
.
Insomuch
that
I
have
heard
the
Quarter-Masters
say
they
had
in
their
Muster-Roll
at
least
fourteen
hundred
Gentlemen
:
by
which
it
may
be
guess'd
,
what
a
number
of
Attendants
so
many
Masters
must
necessarily
bring
in
with
them
.
But
that
which
is
most
remarkable
herein
,
is
,
that
most
of
these
were
of
Guienne
,
where
the
Duke
had
nothing
to
do
,
and
liv'd
only
in
the
quality
of
a
private
person
;
and
that
though
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
(
who
could
not
without
an
eye
of
Envy
see
so
many
Forces
drawn
out
of
his
Government
to
serve
under
any
other
than
himself
)
did
(
it
may
be
imagin'd
)
all
he
could
to
disswade
people
from
going
in
;
the
conflux
was
nevertheless
so
great
,
that
it
seem'd
the
Province
had
sent
all
the
brave
Gentlemen
it
could
make
to
attend
the
Duke
in
this
expedition
.
And
these
were
indeed
almost
all
the
Forces
he
had
;
neither
had
he
so
many
Foot
,
as
Gentlemen
in
his
Army
:
'T
is
true
that
Camp-Master
Vignoles
,
who
commanded
some
Troops
in
Guienne
,
had
orders
to
bring
them
over
to
him
;
and
that
himself
(
as
has
been
said
)
had
Commissions
in
his
hands
,
for
the
raising
new
Leavies
;
but
his
diligence
supply'd
the
place
of
a
good
Army
,
by
which
he
also
effected
more
,
than
he
could
have
done
with
greater
preparations
:
all
the
other
Forces
he
made
use
of
,
being
only
ten
Companies
of
the
Regiment
of
Picardy
,
that
he
found
Quarter'd
about
Ortez
:
so
that
it
is
no
less
to
be
wonder'd
at
he
should
undertake
so
hard
a
task
,
with
so
small
means
to
effect
it
,
than
that
he
did
so
gloriously
bring
about
his
design
.
The
Marquis
de
la
Force
no
sooner
had
intelligence
that
the
Duke
was
coming
against
him
,
The
Ma●quis
de
la
Force
sends
to
●●vert
the
Duke
●●om
com●ing
into
Bearne
.
but
that
(
surpriz'd
to
have
an
Enemy
of
his
experience
to
deal
withal
,
and
much
more
at
the
diligence
wherewith
he
saw
him
hasten
to
execute
his
Commission
,
by
which
he
also
saw
his
designs
would
be
overthrown
)
he
sent
the
Baron
of
Arros
,
To
entreat
him
not
to
be
too
precipitous
in
the
execution
of
the
King's
Commands
,
and
to
remonstrate
to
him
,
that
he
was
ready
to
do
whatever
his
Majesty
should
please
to
appoint
:
That
he
had
already
sent
a
dispatch
to
the
King
to
that
effect
,
and
that
he
hop'd
the
Court
would
be
so
satisfied
with
his
submissions
,
as
to
spare
him
the
trouble
of
a
tedious
Journey
,
his
friends
a
great
deal
of
inconvenience
,
and
the
people
the
disturbance
,
and
oppression
a
War
must
of
necessity
bring
upon
them
;
adding
withal
the
ancient
friendship
,
and
alliance
betwixt
them
:
To
which
the
Duke
(
who
was
already
advanc'd
far
on
his
way
)
return'd
answer
:
That
having
undertaken
that
Voyage
upon
no
other
accompt
than
his
Majesties
command
,
he
should
be
very
ready
to
return
upon
the
first
orders
he
should
receive
:
That
except
what
concern'd
the
interest
of
his
Majesties
Service
,
he
was
Monsieur
de
la
Force's
Friend
,
and
Servant
:
That
he
had
not
sought
that
employment
against
him
,
and
that
he
should
be
exceeding
glad
to
hear
his
Majesty
was
satisfied
with
his
submissions
:
But
that
till
then
he
should
not
delay
a
minute
the
execution
of
the
Orders
he
had
receiv'd
;
no
consideration
either
of
his
own
,
his
friends
,
or
any
other
person
under
the
Sun
,
being
of
force
to
divert
him
in
the
least
from
his
Duty
.
This
first
Embassy
having
therefore
taken
no
effect
,
it
was
soon
seconded
by
another
,
of
which
one
Charles
the
principal
Minister
of
Bearne
was
the
Bearer
.
This
person
,
in
the
quality
of
a
Deputy
from
the
Countrey
,
was
sent
to
represent
to
him
the
sterility
of
the
Countrey
,
the
poverty
of
the
Inhabitants
,
and
difficulty
of
the
ways
,
and
the
resolution
of
the
people
to
make
a
smart
resistance
,
should
they
(
who
were
at
present
in
as
good
a
disposition
as
could
be
desir'd
)
be
urg'd
to
the
last
extremes
:
but
the
Duke
having
flatly
told
him
,
that
the
end
of
his
expedition
was
to
cause
the
King
to
be
obey'd
,
and
to
chastise
all
those
that
should
rebel
against
him
:
He
was
sent
back
very
much
astonish'd
at
so
brisk
a
reply
.
The
Marquis
de
la
Force
that
perhaps
expected
no
better
a
success
from
his
deputations
(
having
been
well
enough
acquainted
with
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
to
know
he
was
not
a
man
easie
to
be
impos'd
upon
)
would
therefore
make
what
preparation
he
could
to
oppose
him
:
but
he
found
so
general
a
fear
,
and
astonishment
among
the
people
,
that
he
evidently
saw
it
was
to
hazard
his
own
ruine
,
should
he
expect
the
Duke's
coming
into
his
Government
.
The
sudden
terror
of
the
Bearnois
.
The
Bearnois
had
no
sooner
heard
the
Duke's
name
,
but
that
they
gave
themselves
for
lost
;
their
haughty
,
and
declar'd
insolence
,
with
which
they
had
a
few
days
before
overthrown
the
King's
Order
,
and
trodden
his
Authority
under
foot
,
and
their
high
Vaunts
,
that
they
would
defend
their
Religion
,
and
their
Countreys
liberty
to
the
last
man
,
were
converted
into
a
Panick
terror
;
so
that
on
a
sudden
whole
Cities
were
left
desolate
,
men
of
the
best
quality
among
them
,
with
their
Wives
,
and
Families
,
seeking
their
safety
in
their
flight
,
out
of
a
just
apprehension
of
all
the
punishments
an
offended
Prince
might
reasonably
inflict
upon
a
mutinous
,
and
disobedient
people
.
In
this
general
consternation
of
the
Bearnois
the
Duke
drew
near
to
Ortez
,
the
first
City
in
Rebellion
he
met
upon
his
way
;
the
Castle
whereof
was
of
it self
very
strong
,
and
had
of
late
been
moreover
fortified
,
and
furnish'd
with
all
necessaries
of
War
,
As
also
of
the
Souldiery
.
which
also
shut
up
the
pass
of
the
whole
Countrey
,
and
was
of
so
advantageous
a
situation
,
as
was
very
easie
to
be
defended
:
but
those
within
,
what
countenance
soever
they
had
before
put
on
of
a
resolute
defense
,
no
sooner
heard
the
Duke
had
sent
for
Cannon
from
Navarrens
to
force
them
,
but
they
presently
surrendred
without
staying
till
they
could
be
brought
up
.
This
success
was
of
no
little
importance
to
the
Duke
,
who
,
had
he
met
with
much
opposition
in
this
first
enterprize
,
having
but
ten
Foot
Companies
wherewith
to
form
a
Siege
,
no
Officers
to
serve
his
Artillery
,
little
Ammunition
,
no
Victual
,
Money
,
or
any
other
means
to
subsist
four
days
in
a
place
;
had
been
in
great
danger
of
being
stop'd
from
making
any
further
progress
into
the
Countrey
.
All
which
difficulties
though
he
had
beforehand
very
well
consider'd
,
and
foreseen
,
he
would
notwithstanding
try
the
experiment
,
knowing
very
well
,
that
in
matters
of
War
,
all
was
not
always
to
be
expected
from
an
enemy
,
he
either
could
,
or
should
do
.
And
from
this
success
he
took
his
measures
of
what
he
might
promise
to
himself
in
reducing
the
other
Garrisons
;
nothing
doubting
from
that
time
forwards
,
but
he
should
bring
all
his
other
enterprizes
to
an
honourable
and
successful
issue
.
As
the
business
of
Ortez
had
given
the
Duke
very
good
hopes
of
his
expedition
,
so
it
totally
overthrew
those
of
the
Marquis
de
la
Force
,
who
no
sooner
had
intelligence
of
the
surrender
of
this
place
,
but
that
he
made
haste
to
be
gone
,
that
he
might
not
be
hemm'd
in
with
the
Duke's
Forces
;
whilst
the
Duke
on
the
other
side
,
to
make
his
advantage
of
the
astonishment
the
Marquis
his
flight
must
of
necessity
leave
the
whole
Country
in
,
advanc'd
with
all
diligence
from
Ortez
to
Olleron
,
where
some
fortifications
had
lately
been
made
,
which
were
also
at
his
appearing
deserted
,
without
the
least
shew
of
opposition
.
An
unfortunate
fellow
,
a
Souldier
,
and
a
Provençal
,
had
been
the
main
director
in
this
work
,
where
he
suffred
himself
to
be
surpriz'd
;
so
that
the
Duke
,
who
was
oblig'd
to
make
some
example
,
was
not
sorry
this
wretch
should
expiate
for
all
the
rest
,
as
accordingly
he
did
,
being
condemn'd
by
a
Council
of
War
,
and
hang'd
at
his
own
Barricado
,
where
the
poor
fellow
at
his
death
lamented
the
ill
fortune
he
had
to
be
born
a
Provençal
;
declaring
he
was
sacrific'd
to
the
Duke's
antiquated
hatred
to
those
of
his
Countrey
,
and
that
his
Bitth
was
his
greatest
Crime
,
though
it
was
nevertheless
altogether
untrue
.
After
this
there
being
neither
judgment
to
be
pass'd
,
nor
execution
to
be
done
,
The
Duke
quiets
Bearne
in
a
very
short
time
.
the
Duke
went
to
Nay
,
to
Salies
,
to
Sauveterre
,
and
lastly
to
Pau
;
where
the
fear
of
his
severity
,
that
had
before
frighted
every
one
from
his
habitation
,
being
converted
into
an
absolute
confidence
in
his
Clemency
,
and
Goodness
,
every
one
return'd
to
his
own
home
.
The
Cities
,
which
at
his
coming
had
been
almost
totally
deserted
,
were
on
a
sudden
re
inhabited
;
insomuch
that
from
that
time
forward
all
the
Duke
had
to
do
,
was
only
to
receive
the
tenders
,
and
protestations
of
their
obedience
,
and
to
set
down
some
Rules
for
their
Civil
Regiment
;
which
was
order'd
with
so
much
Justice
,
and
Wisdom
,
or
so
fortunately
at
least
,
the
equality
of
all
things
was
so
entirely
preserv'd
,
and
he
took
such
care
to
reconcile
the
Interests
of
Religion
(
wherein
the
incompatibility
had
been
so
great
before
,
and
had
with
so
much
heat
fomented
their
divisions
)
that
both
parties
were
satisfied
with
the
equal
shares
he
divided
betwixt
them
in
the
publick
administration
;
since
which
time
there
has
been
no
revolt
,
nor
commotion
in
that
Province
,
it
having
ever
since
continued
in
peace
and
obedience
,
under
the
Justice
of
the
Duke's
Discipline
,
which
is
there
inviolately
observ'd
to
this
day
.
And
all
this
was
perform'd
in
less
than
three
weeks
time
,
his
Journey
thither
,
his
stay
there
,
and
his
return
thence
,
being
in
all
not
two
months
expedition
;
neither
did
it
cost
the
King
twelve
thousand
Livers
,
And
at
very
little
expense
.
I
having
seen
the
Accompt
of
the
Army
,
which
did
not
in
all
arise
to
that
little
summe
.
'T
is
true
withal
that
the
Duke
reckon'd
nothing
upon
his
own
account
,
contenting
himself
with
causing
some
Officers
to
be
paid
,
that
at
his
instance
had
serv'd
upon
this
occasion
.
So
that
,
by
the
influence
of
his
own
name
only
,
he
so
settled
this
Province
in
his
Majesties
obedience
,
that
it
is
at
this
time
,
however
the
most
remote
,
perhaps
the
most
quiet
,
and
obedient
Member
of
his
Kingdom
.
If
the
Duke
was
careful
to
keep
his
own
hands
clean
,
in
what
concern'd
the
King's
Interest
,
he
was
no
less
solicitous
to
keep
others
from
embezzeling
the
Marquis
de
la
Force's
Goods
;
who
had
fled
from
Pau
in
so
great
haste
,
that
he
had
left
his
Wardrobe
,
Cabinets
,
A
generous
act
of
the
D●ke
of
Espern●n
.
and
Papers
at
random
;
of
all
which
the
Duke
took
care
to
have
an
inventory
taken
,
leaving
them
safe
,
seal'd
up
in
the
custody
of
a
person
in
whom
he
knew
the
Marquis
repos'd
an
entire
trust
:
Which
being
done
,
he
return'd
loaden
with
glory
,
and
applause
;
but
nothing
enrich'd
,
either
with
the
King's
Money
,
or
the
Estates
of
the
people
,
not
so
much
as
of
any
of
those
his
Majesty
had
declar'd
to
be
his
enemies
,
and
consequently
were
lawful
prey
.
His
Majesty
thought
the
Duke
to
be
most
busie
in
the
Affairs
of
Bearne
,
when
he
receiv'd
news
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon
returns
out
of
Bearne
to
the
Siege
of
St.
Ie●n
de
Angely
.
that
he
had
already
done
his
work
,
and
was
about
to
return
.
Neither
could
the
Duke
,
knowing
his
Majesty
was
already
grappled
with
those
of
the
Religion
,
and
had
laid
Siege
to
St.
Iean
d'
Angely
,
take
any
rest
,
till
he
had
travell'd
from
the
remotest
part
of
the
Kingdom
,
to
expose
his
life
for
his
Service
,
in
those
occasions
wherein
he
saw
his
Majesties
Person
,
and
Honour
so
far
engag'd
:
The
Leaguer
had
been
near
a
month
set
down
,
when
the
Duke
arriv'd
,
and
the
King's
Forces
were
so
much
cool'd
in
their
first
ardour
,
that
in
all
apparence
the
enterprize
was
not
over-suddenly
to
be
effected
;
when
the
Duke's
arrival
very
much
chang'd
the
face
of
Affairs
:
Nor
do
I
add
this
to
attribute
any
thing
to
him
,
that
is
not
justly
his
due
;
he
has
so
much
honour
besides
,
I
do
not
need
to
forge
so
small
an
addition
to
his
Fame
:
neither
on
the
other
side
,
the
thing
being
perfectly
true
,
ought
he
to
be
depriv'd
of
any
particle
of
his
right
.
The
Duke
having
at
his
arrival
receiv'd
from
the
King
the
applause
due
to
his
conduct
in
this
expedition
of
Bearne
,
and
a
Declaration
from
his
own
mouth
of
his
Majesties
high
satisfaction
,
whereof
he
had
before
receiv'd
very
favourable
testimonies
in
the
several
dispatches
had
been
sent
him
:
He
humbly
entreated
his
Majesty
,
that
he
might
for
the
future
have
the
honour
to
serve
in
his
own
Army
,
and
attending
upon
his
own
Person
;
and
that
he
would
further
be
pleas'd
,
wherein
his
Majesty
should
vouchsafe
to
employ
his
Service
,
that
he
might
have
the
priviledge
to
receive
his
Commands
immediately
from
his
own
mouth
:
a
favour
that
he
easily
obtain'd
.
Now
the
reason
why
the
Duke
made
this
request
,
was
,
because
a
little
before
the
Kings
departure
from
Paris
,
The
King
's
great
favour
and
justice
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
at
his
return
from
his
expedition
of
Bearne
.
the
Duke
de
Luines
(
as
Favourite
,
not
being
satisfied
with
his
Fortune
,
unless
he
rais'd
it
above
all
the
other
great
men
of
the
Kingdom
)
had
made
suit
to
be
honour'd
with
the
Dignity
of
Constable
of
France
:
to
arrive
at
which
degree
(
which
he
might
well
foresee
would
create
him
much
envy
)
having
had
occasion
to
make
use
of
the
Duke
de
l'
Esdiguieres
,
he
would
manifest
his
Gratitude
for
the
good
Offices
he
had
receiv'd
at
his
hands
upon
that
occasion
,
by
dividing
with
him
the
Employments
of
this
brave
Command
;
wherein
reserving
to
himself
the
honour
and
emoluments
of
the
place
:
The
Duke
de
l'
Esdiguieres
,
under
the
Title
of
Mareschal
General
de
Camp
,
executed
all
the
Functions
,
and
trouble
of
it
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon
therefore
,
finding
at
his
coming
to
this
Siege
so
many
Commanders
in
Chief
,
represented
to
his
Majesty
:
That
since
he
had
first
had
the
honour
to
be
in
Armies
,
he
had
never
been
commanded
by
any
but
the
Kings
his
Masters
,
nor
had
ever
receiv'd
Orders
,
but
from
them
:
That
therefore
iin
the
age
he
now
was
,
he
should
be
very
froward
,
and
refractory
,
to
lose
that
advantage
,
and
to
be
subjected
to
the
Mareschal
de
l'
Esdiguieres
,
whose
worth
,
though
he
had
in
high
honour
and
esteem
,
he
believ'd
nevertheless
,
that
the
Mareschal
himself
would
not
pretend
to
be
above
him
:
That
he
was
both
an
older
General
,
an
older
Officer
of
the
Crown
,
and
of
much
longer
standing
,
than
the
other
,
in
all
the
Dignities
to
which
they
had
both
been
advanc'd
;
and
that
therefore
he
assur'd
himself
his
Majesty
would
not
deprive
him
of
a
preeminence
due
to
his
age
,
whereunto
the
Kings
his
Predecessors
had
rais'd
him
,
and
wherein
they
had
so
long
maintain'd
him
,
which
was
the
only
thing
he
had
to
desire
of
his
Majesty
,
that
he
might
live
satisfied
in
his
Service
.
Neither
did
the
King
●tick
franckly
to
gratifie
him
in
his
request
,
which
was
also
allowed
to
be
so
reasonable
by
all
,
that
even
those
whose
interest
it
had
been
to
dispute
it
,
chearfully
acquiesc'd
in
his
design
.
After
this
the
Duke
going
to
view
the
Leaguer
,
he
especially
staid
at
that
Post
,
where
the
Marquis
de
la
Valette
his
Son
(
who
had
one
of
the
approaches
committed
to
his
Conduct
)
commanded
in
Chief
,
and
where
not
being
able
to
contain
himself
within
the
discretion
of
a
Superficial
Survey
,
the
present
danger
calling
up
his
wonted
Valour
,
and
the
frost
of
old
Age
,
not
being
of
force
to
freeze
his
natural
heat
,
he
had
no
sooner
spy'd
in
the
Trenches
one
of
the
eldest
Captains
of
the
Regiment
of
Guards
,
but
that
calling
him
to
him
,
he
made
him
mount
with
him
upon
the
Parapet
,
at
open
view
of
the
Enemy
,
to
consider
the
strength
,
and
situation
of
the
place
with
the
order
of
the
Siege
.
Those
who
were
with
him
,
were
not
a
little
troubled
to
see
him
without
any
necessity
expose
himself
to
so
manifest
a
peril
;
neither
did
they
fail
(
though
they
from
the
Town
sufficiently
shew'd
him
that
,
by
the
numerous
Musquet-shot
they
made
at
him
)
to
represent
to
him
several
times
the
danger
he
was
in
:
but
he
,
taking
no
notice
of
them
that
press'd
him
in
vain
to
retire
,
continued
still
his
discourse
with
the
Captain
,
shewing
him
here
and
there
what
he
observ'd
to
be
well
,
or
ill
dispos'd
in
the
order
of
the
Leaguer
,
with
as
much
indifferency
,
as
he
had
been
in
the
securest
place
in
the
world
:
a
piece
of
bravery
,
't
is
said
,
the
old
Souldier
could
have
been
well
content
to
have
been
excus'd
from
;
it
being
,
as
he
conceiv'd
,
very
much
out
of
season
:
when
the
Duke
having
told
him
in
the
end
,
that
it
was
fit
they
should
let
the
young
people
see
,
their
white
Beards
were
not
to
be
frighted
away
with
noise
,
he
came
down
at
last
,
to
the
astonishment
of
all
in
the
Trenches
,
who
saw
the
action
,
that
he
could
carry
it
with
that
unconcernedness
,
and
strange
security
,
in
so
desperate
a
place
.
The
Duke
,
having
thus
taken
a
view
of
the
Town
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon
applye●
himself
to
the
S●ege
.
gave
himself
instructions
for
their
further
proceeding
in
their
Works
;
which
the
Marquis
his
Son
executed
with
so
extraordinary
diligence
,
that
they
had
soon
made
their
approaches
to
the
very
graff
of
the
City
,
and
had
nothing
left
to
do
,
but
to
open
their
Trench
.
We
were
in
those
times
very
raw
in
Sieges
,
and
the
way
of
opening
a
Trench
was
so
new
,
that
very
few
knew
which
way
to
go
about
that
kind
of
Service
;
wherein
the
Duke
highly
manifested
his
courage
and
experience
,
and
to
such
a
degree
,
that
all
the
rest
,
who
had
hitherto
had
the
ordering
of
the
Siege
,
seem'd
only
Spectators
of
his
conduct
,
all
the
other
works
either
totally
ceasing
,
or
being
but
negligently
carried
on
,
and
his
only
going
forward
;
as
indeed
it
was
on
that
part
that
the
Town
was
taken
.
Having
therefore
set
a
time
for
the
opening
the
Trench
,
which
was
St.
Iohn's
Eve
,
the
Duke
went
that
morning
very
early
to
the
Trenches
;
and
having
the
night
before
prepar'd
all
things
ready
for
his
design
,
and
amongst
other
things
given
order
to
the
O●ficers
of
the
Artillery
,
to
play
their
Cannon
by
break
of
day
to
beat
down
the
defenses
of
the
City
,
he
was
by
the
noise
of
this
Battery
call'd
up
from
his
Quarters
.
The
Enemy
on
the
other
side
,
having
intelligence
of
what
was
intended
against
them
,
had
prepar'd
to
make
a
resolute
resistance
;
so
that
though
the
Cannon
,
which
,
from
two
Batteries
rais'd
upon
the
very
edge
of
the
Graffe
,
had
in
two
hours
time
by
near
upon
five
hundred
shot
made
great
ruines
in
the
Walls
,
yet
had
they
not
prevail'd
so
far
,
but
there
were
still
two
Flanckers
remaining
,
which
cut
the
Duke
off
a
great
many
very
worthy
men
,
as
well
of
his
own
Domestick
Servants
,
The
Marquis
de
la
Valette
,
receives
a
Musquet-shot
before
St.
Iean
d●
▪
A●gely
.
as
others
his
very
particular
Friends
The
Marquis
de
la
Valette
(
who
shar'd
with
his
Father
in
the
glory
of
this
action
)
was
at
the
opening
this
Trench
wounded
by
a
Musquet-shot
which
broke
his
ankle
bone
all
in
pieces
:
Carbonnié
Captain
of
the
Guard
to
the
late
Duke
de
Biron
,
a
man
of
great
Valour
,
and
a
particular
Servant
of
the
Duke
's
by
a
Musquet-shot
in
the
head
was
there
slain
:
Brignemont
the
Gentleman
of
the
Duke's
Horse
,
and
Brother
to
the
Count
de
Maillé
,
receiv'd
another
in
his
thigh
,
of
which
he
died
a
few
hours
after
;
as
also
many
others
were
either
slain
out-right
,
or
dangerously
wounded
:
which
hapned
by
an
inconvenience
for
which
there
was
no
remedy
,
which
was
,
that
the
Graffe
of
the
City
being
exceeding
deep
,
the
Trench
could
not
be
carried
on
so
low
,
but
that
they
were
necessitated
to
leap
from
a
great
height
into
it
;
by
which
means
most
of
those
,
who
had
thrown
themselves
into
that
danger
,
receiv'd
this
disadvantage
,
before
the
Ditch
could
be
fill'd
up
with
Bavins
:
but
how
great
soever
the
danger
was
,
the
Duke
never
stirr'd
from
the
mouth
of
the
Trench
,
but
stood
open
,
and
expos'd
,
and
in
his
Doublet
only
,
till
he
had
seen
the
Quarter
made
,
which
by
l'
Encheres
,
and
le
Roc
two
Aides
de
Camp
,
was
at
last
brought
to
perfection
;
the
last
of
which
was
slain
in
the
attempt
,
the
other
came
more
happily
off
,
though
it
was
only
soon
after
in
a
very
handsome
action
,
to
meet
the
same
misfortune
.
The
day
after
,
the
Duke
having
renewed
his
Batteries
,
and
by
them
made
the
two
Flanckers
useless
,
which
rendred
that
Post
very
unsafe
;
the
besieg'd
fell
into
so
great
a
fear
,
that
seeing
our
men
already
lodg'd
at
the
foot
of
their
Walls
,
and
that
the
Miners
were
about
to
sappe
,
St.
Iean
de
Angely
surrendred
.
they
sued
to
be
admitted
to
Capitulation
,
attributing
by
common
consent
the
whole
honour
of
the
Siege
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
as
indeed
by
his
conduct
it
was
evidently
two
months
advanc'd
.
For
the
rest
,
as
the
Duke
had
most
contributed
to
the
reducing
this
place
,
or
because
it
was
a
member
of
his
Government
,
or
that
his
Authority
was
more
absolute
with
the
Souldier
than
any
of
the
rest
,
or
out
of
deference
to
his
Command
as
Colonel
,
or
out
of
the
respect
his
age
,
and
merit
had
acquir'd
him
above
all
others
:
upon
some
,
or
all
these
considerations
it
was
so
order'd
,
that
he
himself
was
the
first
man
that
enter'd
into
the
Town
.
And
happy
it
was
for
that
poor
City
he
did
so
;
for
some
French
and
Swisse
Foot
,
having
got
over
the
ruines
of
the
Breach
(
whilst
those
within
were
intent
about
letting
such
as
were
appointed
to
enter
into
the
Gates
)
were
already
upon
the
spoil
,
and
principally
busie
about
plundering
the
Ministers
house
,
The
Duke
of
Esp●rnon
preserves
the
Town
of
St.
Iean
de
Angely
from
being
sack'd
by
the
Souldier
.
which
the
Duke
having
notice
of
,
he
ran
himself
immediately
to
the
place
,
where
he
caus'd
all
that
had
been
taken
away
to
be
restor'd
,
drave
away
the
rest
from
the
other
houses
,
and
set
all
things
in
order
;
a
care
in
him
whereof
I
was
a
witness
,
and
without
which
the
King
had
had
the
dishonour
to
have
seen
his
faith
violated
before
his
own
eyes
:
but
the
Duke
by
this
action
made
it
plain
,
that
if
he
knew
how
to
conquer
,
he
knew
as
well
how
to
provide
for
the
safety
of
those
he
had
overcome
.
All
the
Commotions
of
those
of
the
Religion
having
taken
birth
from
the
Rochellers
obstinacy
to
continue
the
Assembly
they
had
called
together
in
their
City
,
in
defiance
of
the
King
's
express
Command
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon's
employment
before
R●ch●●le
.
and
that
they
still
continued
to
uphold
to
the
prejudice
of
his
Royal
Authority
;
his
Majesties
Council
conceiv'd
it
more
than
a
little
concern'd
his
reputation
,
to
make
this
mutinous
people
feel
the
smart
,
their
contumacy
,
and
disobedience
had
so
highly
deserv'd
.
The
ill
example
of
this
City
had
so
corrupted
the
other
parts
of
the
Kingdom
,
and
had
begot
so
many
disturbances
to
the
publick
peace
,
as
had
necessitated
his
Majesty
in
his
own
person
to
run
up
and
down
to
so
many
several
places
to
suppress
them
,
that
in
the
beginning
he
could
never
be
at
leisure
to
sit
down
before
Rochelle
,
the
living
source
of
all
those
mischiefs
;
as
he
did
some
years
after
,
and
that
with
a
success
posterity
will
hereafter
look
upon
,
as
a
prodigy
of
Fortune
,
and
Conduct
.
But
for
an
undertaking
of
that
difficulty
,
and
importance
,
it
was
necessary
his
Majesty
should
make
choice
of
some
Subject
of
great
Valour
,
and
approv'd
Fidelity
,
and
such
a
one
as
could
no
way
be
suspected
to
have
intelligence
,
either
with
the
Rochellers
themselves
,
or
any
others
of
their
party
:
qualities
that
appear'd
so
eminent
in
the
person
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
as
that
they
seem'd
to
be
in
him
united
to
no
other
end
,
than
to
point
him
out
for
this
Employment
.
To
which
may
be
added
,
that
as
being
Governour
of
the
Country
of
Aulnis
,
where
Rochelle
stood
,
as
also
of
the
bordering
Provinces
of
Xaintonge
,
and
Angoumois
;
he
could
for
a
need
upon
the
single
accompt
of
his
own
Interest
,
and
Authority
,
draw
so
great
Forces
from
those
places
to
his
assistance
,
that
his
Majesty
should
not
in
the
least
be
necessitated
to
slacken
the
vigour
and
progress
of
his
other
Victories
,
for
any
accident
that
could
happen
on
that
side
.
Upon
these
considerations
his
Majesty
resolv'd
to
confer
upon
him
the
Command
of
the
Army
before
Rochelle
,
The
Duke
receives
the
command
of
the
Army
at
Cognac
.
the
dispatches
whereof
were
Sign'd
at
Cognac
the
4th
of
●uly
,
and
at
the
end
of
the
same
month
,
the
Duke
presented
himself
before
Rochelle
;
so
diligent
he
was
in
the
execution
of
his
Charge
.
He
had
only
four
thousand
Foot
,
and
six
hundred
Horse
,
wherewithal
to
block
up
this
great
City
,
whereof
the
Regiment
of
Estissac
(
which
soon
after
fell
to
the
Count
de
Bury
)
of
the
old
,
but
one
of
the
least
of
the
old
Regiments
,
was
one
;
the
others
were
all
new
rais'd
men
,
and
commanded
by
le
Chevalier
de
la
Valette
,
Chasteliers
,
Barlot
,
Castelbayart
,
and
Saint
Geme
.
The
Horse
were
indeed
exceeding
sprightly
,
and
good
,
and
those
compos'd
of
the
Company
of
the
Queens
Gens
d'
Armes
,
commanded
by
the
Baron
de
Chantal
.
of
that
of
the
Camp
Master
to
the
Light-Horse
,
commanded
by
Viantais
,
of
the
Company
of
the
Duke
's
Gens-d'Armes
,
and
some
other
very
good
Troops
.
He
had
for
Mareschaux
de
Camp
,
d'
Auriac
Cousin
to
the
Duke
de
l'
Esdiguieres
,
a
Gentleman
of
great
valour
and
experience
,
Biron
Brother
to
the
late
Mareschal
of
France
,
Sauve●oeuf
,
and
le
Massé
,
Lieutenant
to
the
Company
of
Gens-d'Armes
.
The
Duke
finding
he
should
stand
in
great
need
of
an
Intendant
de
Iustice
to
ease
him
in
part
of
the
trouble
,
He
obtains
of
the
King
Monsieur
d'
A●try
now
Chancellor
of
France
,
for
Int●ndant
de
Iustice
in
this
expedition
.
and
care
of
his
command
,
he
cast
his
eye
upon
Monsieur
de
Autry
,
Nephew
to
President
Seguier
his
very
intimate
friend
,
for
that
purpose
,
whom
he
recommended
to
the
King
,
pa●sionately
beseeching
his
Majesty
to
invest
him
with
that
Employment
:
a
person
that
we
have
since
seen
rais'd
to
the
supreme
Dignity
of
Chancellor
of
France
;
an
Office
that
he
does
at
this
day
discharge
with
so
unblemish'd
a
repute
,
as
is
nothing
inferiour
to
the
greatest
men
of
those
who
have
preceded
him
in
that
charge
;
though
at
this
time
he
had
been
but
lately
admitted
into
the
Council
in
the
quality
of
Master
of
Requests
.
He
had
not
long
continued
with
the
Duke
,
before
he
gave
as
favourable
a
Character
of
his
worth
,
and
merit
,
as
could
possibly
belong
to
a
man
of
his
condition
,
judging
him
thence
forward
worthy
,
and
capable
of
all
the
great
preferments
a
man
of
his
Robe
,
and
Profession
,
could
reasonably
expect
,
or
pretend
unto
.
So
soon
as
the
Troops
appointed
for
this
Service
could
be
drawn
together
,
the
Duke
appointed
the
Rendezvous
to
be
about
Surgeres
,
a
house
belonging
to
the
Baron
de
Montendre
,
which
he
took
up
for
his
own
Quarter
,
and
,
without
giving
the
Enemy
further
respite
,
brought
them
two
days
after
before
the
City
,
to
try
if
the
Rochellers
,
who
had
had
time
enough
to
prepare
themselves
,
would
be
so
brave
,
as
to
receive
him
in
the
Field
;
though
they
contented
themselves
with
bestowing
upon
him
some
Volleys
of
their
great
shot
only
(
which
did
no
body
any
hurt
at
all
)
without
once
offering
to
stir
out
of
their
Walls
.
At
his
return
from
this
little
piece
of
bravery
,
the
Duke
came
to
take
up
his
Quarters
in
two
great
Burroughs
,
a
quarter
of
a
League
distant
from
one
another
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon
takes
up
his
Quarters
before
Rochelle
.
whereof
that
he
made
choice
of
for
his
own
Post
was
called
la
Iarrie
,
and
the
other
Croix-Chapeau
,
where
he
dispos'd
the
rest
of
his
Army
(
as
eldest
Camp-Master
)
under
the
command
of
d'
Auriac
.
The
distance
of
the
Quarters
from
the
City
was
a
League
,
or
thereabouts
,
far
enough
to
discover
the
Enemy
a
great
way
,
should
he
attempt
to
disturb
him
,
and
not
so
far
neither
as
to
leave
him
too
much
liberty
of
the
Field
.
Having
thus
settled
his
Quarters
,
he
began
to
plant
Garrisons
upon
all
the
Avenues
of
the
City
,
as
well
to
keep
the
Enemy
in
,
as
also
to
cut
off
from
them
all
Commerce
with
the
adjacent
Countrey
:
In
such
places
as
he
found
either
Castles
,
or
Churches
he
lodg'd
them
there
,
making
shift
elsewhere
with
Mills
,
and
private
houses
.
Which
Garrisons
in
some
places
consisted
of
an
hundred
,
in
others
of
fifty
men
:
but
scarce
any
above
an
hundred
.
To
these
he
gave
particular
instructions
to
take
especial
notice
of
all
things
within
the
observation
of
their
own
Quarter
;
to
stop
all
such
as
would
either
offer
to
go
into
,
or
come
out
of
the
City
;
and
to
hinder
the
Enemy
from
gathering
in
their
Harvests
of
Corn
and
Wine
.
The
Foot
being
thus
order'd
,
he
caus'd
the
third
part
of
the
Cavalry
to
mount
every
day
to
Horse
to
scour
the
Field
,
even
to
the
very
Gates
of
Rochelle
:
So
that
should
any
thing
by
chance
pass
by
the
Foot
,
it
was
almost
impossible
to
escape
the
Horse
:
by
which
means
those
few
Forces
being
carefully
provided
for
,
and
so
advantageously
quarter'd
,
did
in
a
few
months
so
incommodate
the
Rochellers
,
that
they
found
themselves
absolutely
depriv'd
of
all
manner
of
Relief
by
Land
;
insomuch
that
had
any
Shipping
at
the
same
time
been
employ'd
to
block
up
the
Channel
,
they
could
not
,
without
all
doubt
,
long
have
wrestled
with
those
necessities
they
must
have
apparently
fallen
into
:
but
this
was
a
Victory
too
glorious
to
be
reserv'd
for
any
other
than
the
King
himself
.
Of
all
these
little
Garrisons
(
which
(
though
they
had
drawn
no
lines
of
Communication
)
made
shift
nevertheless
to
make
up
the
Circumvallation
of
the
City
)
there
was
never
any
one
forc'd
by
the
Enemy
:
't
is
very
true
that
they
had
attempted
upon
some
of
them
,
both
by
day
,
and
by
night
:
but
the
Duke
having
ever
been
seasonably
alarm'd
,
alwayes
came
in
time
enough
to
relieve
his
own
men
,
and
to
make
the
Enemy
with
loss
to
retire
:
Losses
that
were
at
last
so
frequent
,
and
considerable
,
as
that
it
is
most
certain
they
lost
in
several
engagements
,
betwixt
twelve
,
and
fifteen
hundred
men
:
Whereof
some
of
those
Skirmishes
had
been
so
brisk
,
as
that
therein
sometimes
two
,
sometimes
three
hundred
men
were
left
dead
upon
the
place
;
besides
a
great
number
of
Citizens
,
and
Officers
of
note
taken
Prisoners
,
whose
Ransomes
were
very
considerable
.
The
Duke
every
week
duly
twice
,
sometimes
thrice
mounted
on
horseback
in
his
own
person
to
visit
his
Quarters
;
which
could
not
be
done
,
without
coming
very
near
the
Town
:
and
this
commendation
is
due
to
the
Rochellers
,
that
they
never
saw
the
Duke's
Horse
approach
their
City
,
without
sallying
out
to
Skirmish
:
but
it
is
also
as
true
,
that
they
never
return'd
with
the
least
advantage
.
They
were
sometimes
so
bold
,
as
to
attempt
upon
the
Duke
's
own
Quarters
;
but
they
were
no
more
fortunate
in
assaulting
,
than
when
they
were
themselves
assaulted
.
I
shall
not
undertake
a
Narrative
of
all
the
several
actions
that
pass'd
in
the
beginning
of
this
Siege
,
Several
actions
before
Rochelle
,
betwixt
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
and
the
besieged
.
though
very
remarkable
in
themselues
;
forasmuch
as
they
did
not
determine
the
business
:
There
was
one
great
engagement
at
la
Moulinette
,
another
at
la
Font
,
another
at
Tadon
,
and
so
many
others
that
the
Duke
,
and
the
Marquis
de
la
Valette
his
Son
(
who
alwayes
made
one
upon
all
occasions
)
ran
very
often
very
great
hazard
of
their
lives
.
The
first
whereof
had
the
brims
of
his
Hat
bor'd
through
with
a
Musquet-shot
in
one
Encounter
,
and
the
truncheon
he
carried
in
his
hand
broke
all
to
pieces
with
another
Musquet-shot
in
another
;
the
Marquis
had
one
of
his
Stirrop●leathers
carried
away
,
and
his
Horse
kill'd
under
him
with
such
another
shot
:
but
the
Enemy
having
in
these
Skirmishes
lost
a
great
number
of
their
best
men
,
and
many
of
their
Citizens
(
a
loss
at
which
they
were
more
concern'd
,
than
for
the
Gentlemen
of
the
best
quality
of
their
party
)
they
at
la●t
resolv'd
to
make
no
more
Sallies
,
contenting
themselves
for
the
future
,
with
defending
the
circuit
of
their
own
Walls
,
and
preserving
their
City
from
the
practices
and
intelligence
the
Duke
maintain'd
with
some
of
the
Inhabitants
;
which
was
gone
so
far
,
that
those
he
had
dealt
withal
,
were
upon
the
point
to
deliver
him
up
one
of
the
Gates
of
the
City
;
when
upon
several
conjectures
,
the
Magistrates
having
found
out
the
truth
at
last
,
they
expos'd
the
parties
(
whom
they
call'd
Traytors
)
to
the
violence
of
the
people
,
by
whom
they
were
all
torn
to
pieces
.
After
the
Rocbellers
had
taken
a
resolution
no
more
to
hazard
their
Forces
in
the
Field
,
some
active
spirits
in
the
City
impatient
of
lying
idle
,
and
immur'd
,
laid
several
designs
to
go
further
off
to
make
trial
of
their
Valour
:
amongst
whom
la
Noüe
was
one
of
the
first
,
and
most
eager
,
though
not
the
most
fortunate
in
the
execution
of
his
design
.
This
Gentleman
upon
the
intelligence
he
had
receiv'd
,
that
the
Count
de
la
Rochefoucaust
was
parted
from
his
Government
of
Poictou
,
on
purpose
to
come
visit
the
Duke
at
la
Iarrie
,
had
laid
himself
in
ambush
in
the
Forest
of
Benon
to
surprize
him
;
but
the
Duke
advertiz'd
of
his
March
by
the
Countrey
people
(
who
(
to
preserve
their
Houses
from
firing
,
and
themselves
from
punishment
)
never
fail'd
diligently
to
inform
of
whatever
they
could
discover
of
the
Enemies
designs
)
sending
out
his
Company
of
Gens-d'Armes
,
took
la
Noüe
in
his
own
Ambuscado
;
where
,
after
he
had
made
all
the
resistance
could
be
expected
from
a
very
gallant
man
,
he
was
at
last
constrain'd
to
give
way
to
his
ill
fortune
,
and
to
yield
.
He
was
therefore
brought
prisoner
to
the
Duke
,
who
for
sometime
entertain'd
him
in
his
Camp
with
all
imaginable
civility
;
giving
him
leave
moreover
upon
his
parole
to
go
see
his
Mother
in
Poicto●
:
of
which
the
King
being
inform'd
,
his
Majesty
gave
the
Duke
to
understand
he
was
infinitely
dissatisfied
with
that
favourable
proceeding
towards
a
man
,
by
whom
he
had
been
so
often
,
and
so
highly
offended
;
commanding
withal
that
he
should
forthwith
send
him
to
the
Prison
belonging
to
the
Parliament
of
Bordeaux
,
that
he
might
there
be
brought
to
his
Trial.
La
Noüe
in
the
mean
time
had
surrendred
his
person
to
the
Duke
to
disingage
his
word
;
whom
the
Duke
(
who
could
now
no
longer
allow
him
the
liberty
of
his
Camp
)
sent
away
by
two
of
his
Guard
to
the
Castle
of
Angoulesme
.
La
Noüe
in
this
condition
,
and
advertis'd
of
the
express
and
reiterated
Orders
the
King
had
sent
to
the
Duke
,
to
use
him
no
longer
as
a
prisoner
of
War
,
but
as
a
Criminal
,
and
a
Rebel
,
began
to
apprehend
he
should
at
last
be
deliver'd
up
into
the
hands
of
Justice
indeed
:
and
consequently
thence
forward
began
to
think
of
making
his
escape
;
as
in
the
end
,
either
through
the
negligence
,
or
connivance
of
his
Keepers
he
did
;
by
that
means
delivering
the
Duke
from
the
perplexity
he
was
in
,
either
of
offending
the
King
by
insisting
too
long
against
his
Majesties
pleasure
for
this
Gentlemans
preservation
,
or
of
giving
his
consent
and
assistance
to
the
ruine
of
a
man
of
his
condition
,
which
he
could
very
hardly
have
ever
perswaded
himself
to
do
.
Whilst
the
Duke
lay
before
this
place
,
The
first
propositions
that
were
made
to
the
Duke
for
the
blocking
up
the
Harbour
of
R●chelle
.
he
had
several
propositions
made
to
him
,
about
the
shutting
up
of
the
Haven
;
for
such
of
his
Majesties
Vessels
as
were
commanded
to
lie
in
the
mouth
of
this
Channel
,
finding
they
were
not
able
to
hinder
the
en●rance
into
it
to
any
that
had
a
mind
to
go
in
;
some
other
way
was
to
be
try'd
to
deprive
the
besieg'd
of
the
benefit
of
this
Pass
.
Pompeo
Targone
therefore
,
an
Italian
Engineer
of
great
repute
,
and
that
had
long
serv'd
in
the
King
of
Spain's
Armies
in
●landers
,
was
sent
to
view
the
disposition
of
the
place
,
and
to
consider
of
the
means
by
which
the
Port
was
to
be
rendred
useless
:
In
order
whereunto
having
long
consider'd
the
nature
of
the
Channel
,
he
propounded
at
last
a
Machine
,
which
was
an
Estacade
,
or
kind
of
floating
Fort
;
though
the
Duke
could
never
relish
that
proposition
,
always
disputing
it
must
be
some
solid
body
that
could
block
up
the
mouth
of
this
Harbour
,
and
demonstrating
withal
which
way
it
was
to
be
done
:
The
very
same
in
truth
they
were
at
last
fain
to
resolve
upon
,
after
having
made
a
vain
and
fruitless
trial
of
all
the
rest
.
I
have
yet
by
me
a
Copy
of
what
he
afterwards
writ
to
the
Duke
of
Angoulesme
upon
this
very
subject
,
when
that
Duke
commanded
before
the
place
:
So
that
I
may
confidently
say
,
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
what
by
his
own
proper
Forces
(
as
in
his
first
expedition
before
Rochelle
)
what
by
his
conduct
of
the
King's
(
as
upon
this
occasion
)
and
what
by
his
advice
(
as
we
shall
hereafter
see
)
did
no
little
contribute
to
the
glorious
reducement
of
this
place
.
The
Duke
did
yet
another
thing
before
he
quitted
his
Command
,
which
was
not
a
little
conducing
to
this
great
success
.
The
Isle
of
Maran
was
of
so
great
importance
to
the
execution
of
this
Enterprize
,
that
it
has
ever
been
thought
,
whilst
the
Rochellers
should
have
it
at
their
dispose
,
a
thing
almost
impossible
to
take
that
City
,
The
surprizal
of
the
Isle
of
Maron
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
by
reason
of
the
communication
this
Island
gave
them
with
Poictou
,
from
whence
they
might
at
great
ease
,
and
without
any
impediment
at
all
,
supply
themselves
at
any
time
,
with
all
sorts
of
Relief
.
The
Baron
de
Chandolan
,
a
man
of
great
quality
,
and
merit
,
who
at
this
time
shew'd
himself
very
affectionate
to
the
King's
Service
,
was
Governour
of
this
Isle
,
but
he
was
notwithstanding
of
the
Rochellers
Religion
:
so
that
the
fidelity
of
a
man
,
who
having
Religion
for
his
pretense
might
,
whenever
he
pleas'd
,
and
without
any
blemish
to
his
reputation
,
separate
himself
from
his
Majesties
interest
,
was
not
in
reason
altogether
to
be
rely'd
upon
;
and
the
Duke
also
fear'd
lest
he
might
be
perswaded
into
a
thing
he
might
do
with
great
security
,
and
almost
without
reproach
.
He
therefore
took
up
a
resolution
to
possess
himself
of
this
Isle
,
to
prevent
any
inconvenience
for
the
time
to
come
;
and
having
receiv'd
his
Majesties
command
to
do
it
by
the
best
means
he
could
contrive
,
he
rose
from
his
Quarters
one
of
the
coldest
nights
in
Winter
;
a
time
when
all
the
Ditches
of
the
Island
were
frozen
up
,
and
which
the
Duke
therefore
chose
,
as
it
rendred
his
access
more
easie
for
the
execution
of
his
design
.
He
therefore
commanded
some
Foot
Companies
to
steal
over
silently
,
and
by
single
Files
,
who
that
very
night
possess'd
themselves
of
all
the
Avenues
;
and
in
the
morning
,
having
caus'd
the
Ice
to
be
broken
,
that
he
might
himself
pass
over
with
his
Horse
,
he
made
himself
Master
of
the
Island
without
the
least
opposition
:
an
action
that
nevertheless
he
undertook
with
great
reluctancy
,
so
great
an
affection
and
esteem
he
had
for
the
Governour
:
but
his
Duty
ever
carried
it
with
him
above
all
considerations
.
The
Chevalier
de
Valette
was
therefore
establish'd
in
this
Isle
,
and
very
opportunely
;
for
had
not
the
Duke
taken
this
course
,
and
that
the
Rochellers
who
had
a
design
to
seize
it
,
had
once
got
footing
there
,
great
force
,
and
vast
expense
must
have
been
employ'd
to
remove
them
:
but
the
Duke
by
this
foresight
sav'd
the
King
that
charge
,
and
labour
.
Certainly
never
was
War
carried
on
at
greater
convenience
for
the
Souldier
,
than
in
this
Countrey
,
which
by
its
situation
,
and
vicinity
to
the
Provinces
of
Poictou
,
Xaintonge
,
and
Angoumois
,
lay
so
exceeding
conveniently
for
the
bringing
in
of
all
sorts
of
Provision
,
and
other
necessaries
,
that
they
were
scarce
to
be
had
in
greater
abundance
,
or
at
cheaper
rates
in
the
best
Cities
of
the
Kingdom
,
than
they
were
in
the
Camp
continually
to
be
sold
;
as
also
the
people
came
in
with
their
commodities
with
as
great
confidence
,
and
security
,
as
to
the
publick
and
ordinary
Markets
:
and
they
might
do
so
,
the
least
violence
to
any
Higler
,
Sutler
,
or
other
Provisionary
Person
,
being
a
crime
so
capital
,
as
never
escap'd
unpunish'd
.
By
which
we
may
judge
how
much
the
continuation
of
our
civil
dissentions
has
impair'd
the
flourishing
condition
the
Kingdom
was
then
in
,
and
how
much
the
constitution
of
War
by
being
grown
older
,
is
alter'd
from
what
it
us'd
to
be
in
those
better
times
.
Whilst
the
Duke
thus
bravely
acquitted
himself
of
his
Command
before
Rochelle
,
his
Majesty
had
also
with
extraordinary
vigour
prosecuted
his
designs
in
Guienne
;
where
he
had
compell'd
most
of
the
places
possess'd
by
those
of
the
Religion
in
that
Province
to
submit
to
his
Authority
and
Power
.
Of
which
he
had
reduc'd
Bergerac
,
Saint
Foy
,
Puimirol
,
Tournon
,
Monflanquin
,
The
King's
exploits
in
Guienne
.
with
several
others
;
besieg'd
,
and
taken
Clerac
,
and
at
last
laid
Siege
to
Montauban
,
though
herein
he
had
not
been
so
successful
,
as
in
his
other
enterprizes
:
so
that
the
year
ending
with
this
variety
of
Events
,
his
Majesty
was
constrain'd
to
return
to
Paris
,
to
let
the
stormy
quarter
blow
over
,
that
he
might
in
a
more
favourable
season
recommence
the
interrupted
progress
of
his
Arms.
In
his
Majesties
return
to
Paris
,
a
little
paltry
place
situated
upon
the
banks
of
the
River
Garonne
,
call'd
Monhurt
,
had
the
impudence
to
stand
out
against
the
Royal
Army
;
an
insolence
which
though
it
receiv'd
its
due
reward
,
prov'd
notwithstanding
fatal
to
the
Duke
de
Luines
,
The
death
of
the
Duke
de
Luines
.
who
by
a
burning
Feaver
there
ended
his
days
:
by
whose
decease
both
the
place
he
possess'd
in
the
King's
favour
,
as
also
the
Office
of
Constable
of
France
became
void
:
The
Duke
of
Mayenne
had
likewise
a
few
days
before
left
a
vacancy
in
the
principal
Government
of
the
Kingdom
,
which
was
that
of
Guienne
,
by
a
Musquet-shot
he
receiv'd
in
his
head
before
Montauban
;
by
the
fall
of
which
two
great
Ministers
the
King
(
as
we
shall
hereafter
see
)
had
means
to
recompense
the
Services
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
and
the
Mareschal
de
l'
Esdiguieres
,
two
of
the
eldest
,
and
best
deserving
Servants
of
his
Crown
.
The
Winter
was
no
sooner
a
little
abated
of
its
fury
,
but
that
those
of
the
Religion
,
more
elevated
with
the
raising
of
the
Siege
of
Montaubon
,
than
they
had
been
dejected
with
the
loss
of
so
many
other
places
,
as
the
King
had
taken
from
them
,
took
the
field
to
give
his
Majesty
a
new
,
and
greater
provocation
than
before
.
Of
these
Soubize
was
the
first
that
fell
in
his
Majesties
way
,
who
having
fortified
himself
in
the
Isle
of
Reé
,
and
some
other
Islands
of
Poictou
,
thought
the
difficulty
of
their
access
would
protect
him
from
the
Royal
Power
:
but
he
soon
found
that
all
places
are
firm
Land
to
Kings
;
when
his
Majesty
overcoming
all
difficulties
,
that
oppos'd
his
way
,
pass'd
over
the
Marshes
,
and
his
own
Fortifications
within
them
,
to
fall
upon
him
;
where
he
gave
him
so
notable
a
defeat
,
that
he
could
not
of
a
long
time
after
recover
that
blow
,
nor
put
himself
again
into
any
tolerable
posture
of
War
.
So
soon
as
the
Duke
of
Espernon
had
intelligence
of
the
King's
motion
towards
those
Provinces
,
Anno
1622.
where
he
had
the
honour
to
command
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon
goes
to
the
King
at
Poictiers
.
he
design'd
a
Journey
to
his
Majesty
,
to
give
him
an
accompt
of
those
discoveries
he
had
made
whilst
he
lay
before
Rochelle
,
that
were
of
greatest
importance
to
his
design
:
a
desire
he
had
no
sooner
acquainted
his
Majesty
withal
,
but
that
he
gave
him
leave
to
come
to
him
to
Poictiers
;
where
he
accordingly
arriv'd
in
the
beginning
of
the
year
1622.
He
could
not
possibly
desire
a
more
favourable
reception
,
than
his
Majesty
was
here
pleas'd
to
give
him
,
who
openly
declar'd
himself
infinitely
satisfied
with
his
Service
:
neither
indeed
could
it
by
any
one
have
been
perform'd
with
greater
fidelity
,
or
to
better
effect
:
so
that
the
King
being
resolutely
bent
to
punish
the
Rochellers
disobedience
,
had
a
great
desire
,
that
the
Duke
should
still
pursue
the
Siege
,
as
he
had
begun
:
But
the
Count
de
Soissons
a
young
Prince
of
great
courage
and
expectation
,
having
been
prompted
by
his
friends
to
ask
some
employment
,
he
was
not
handsomly
to
be
denied
any
thing
almost
he
could
demand
,
every
thing
he
would
pretend
to
seeming
justly
due
to
his
Birth
,
and
merit
.
Amongst
all
the
Commands
of
the
Kingdom
,
that
the
Duke
had
before
Rochelle
was
,
without
all
dispute
,
the
most
honourable
;
and
the
Duke
had
notice
given
him
a
few
days
after
his
return
to
his
Camp
,
of
the
importunate
suit
the
Count
de
Soissons
made
to
have
the
Command
of
the
Army
under
his
charge
conferr'd
upon
him
;
an
intelligence
that
perhaps
the
informer
presum'd
would
have
been
very
unwelcome
to
him
:
but
if
the
Duke
knew
how
to
stand
upon
his
punctilio
,
and
to
hold
his
own
amongst
his
equals
,
he
also
better
understood
than
any
man
of
the
Kingdom
,
what
deference
was
due
to
the
Princes
of
the
Blood
.
He
was
therefore
no
sooner
advertis'd
of
the
Count's
desire
,
but
that
he
was
himself
the
first
man
to
second
it
;
representing
to
his
Majesty
in
his
dispatches
how
much
it
stood
him
upon
to
favour
the
inclinations
of
this
young
Prince
,
that
he
might
the
sooner
be
made
capable
of
performing
those
Services
his
Majesty
was
one
day
to
expect
from
his
Valour
and
Conduct
.
He
also
renew'd
the
same
instances
by
word
of
mouth
,
when
his
Majesty
came
a
few
days
after
out
of
Poictou
into
Xaintonge
;
though
when
all
was
done
he
himself
would
never
be
prevail'd
upon
to
serve
any
more
in
this
Army
under
this
new
General
.
Monsieur
d'
Herbaut
Secretary
of
State
,
his
old
and
particular
friend
,
was
commanded
by
the
King
to
speak
to
him
about
it
,
who
represented
to
him
:
That
his
Majesties
intention
herein
,
was
not
in
the
least
to
diminish
his
Authority
in
the
Army
,
nor
to
cut
him
off
in
the
least
from
the
exercise
of
his
Command
:
That
if
they
took
from
him
the
vanity
of
a
Title
only
,
they
added
much
more
to
his
effectual
power
:
That
the
Army
being
augmented
by
one
half
(
as
it
was
to
be
)
there
was
no
honourable
exploit
he
might
not
be
able
to
perform
by
such
an
addition
of
Forces
,
since
with
so
few
,
as
he
had
hitherto
commanded
,
he
had
,
to
so
glorious
a
pitch
,
advanc'd
his
Majesties
designs
:
That
his
Majesty
intended
all
things
should
be
order'd
by
his
wisdom
,
and
that
this
Prince's
youth
might
be
govern'd
by
his
experience
;
to
the
end
that
under
●o
excellent
a
Discipline
,
he
might
betimes
be
train'd
up
to
the
profession
of
Armes
.
The
Count
also
either
of
his
own
accord
,
or
by
the
King's
order
sent
him
the
same
complement
at
the
same
time
;
but
the
Duke
persisting
never
to
have
dependence
upon
other
than
Kings
(
from
whom
he
said
,
and
from
no
other
,
all
things
by
men
of
his
condition
,
were
to
be
expected
)
he
humbly
besought
his
Majesty
to
excuse
him
from
this
employment
,
entreating
Monsieur
d'
Herbaut
to
tell
the
King
from
him
:
That
he
did
not
think
himself
Souldier
enough
to
instruct
this
young
Prince
so
well
,
as
he
ought
to
be
;
but
that
he
likewise
thought
himself
too
old
to
begin
to
learn
of
any
whomsoever
.
After
the
Duke
had
sent
the
King
this
answer
by
Monsieur
d'
Herbaut
,
and
that
he
knew
it
had
been
well
receiv'd
,
he
went
himself
the
same
day
to
his
Majesty
,
where
he
told
him
:
That
he
could
never
enough
commend
the
good
resolution
his
Majesty
had
taken
in
the
Count's
favour
:
That
he
did
with
all
his
heart
resign
into
his
Majesties
hands
those
Forces
he
had
done
him
the
honour
to
entrust
him
withal
,
without
diminution
of
number
,
and
some
encrease
of
Reputation
:
That
of
all
the
other
Services
he
had
heretofore
perform'd
for
his
Majesty
,
and
the
Kings
his
Predecessors
,
in
the
long
course
of
his
life
,
he
had
ever
expected
his
reward
from
their
bounty
,
without
importuning
them
with
his
demands
:
but
that
he
should
not
do
so
here
,
being
resolv'd
to
take
upon
him
the
boldness
to
make
one
request
;
which
as
it
would
neither
incommodate
his
Majesties
Affairs
,
nor
impair
his
treasure
,
he
hop'd
would
not
be
deny'd
,
and
that
was
only
,
that
his
Majesty
would
give
him
leave
to
serve
about
his
own
person
in
the
simple
condition
of
a
Volunteer
:
That
his
Governments
of
Xaintonge
,
and
Angoumois
,
being
secure
,
whilst
an
Army
should
lie
before
Rochelle
,
his
presence
would
be
altogether
unnecessary
there
;
and
that
therefore
he
humbly
begg'd
he
might
partake
of
those
dangers
,
to
which
his
Majesty
was
about
to
expose
his
own
person
;
and
that
though
he
was
now
grown
old
,
he
found
he
had
nevertheless
strength
,
and
vigour
enough
remaining
to
dye
in
some
glorious
day
,
with
a
Pike
in
his
hand
,
at
his
Majesties
stirrop
.
Which
being
said
,
his
Majesty
embracing
him
in
his
arms
,
return'd
this
answer
:
That
he
did
very
freely
grant
him
that
recompense
,
and
that
if
he
had
many
Servants
on
whom
to
bestow
the
like
,
and
who
knew
so
well
how
to
make
use
of
it
,
he
should
think
himself
a
much
greater
Prince
than
he
was
:
That
notwithstanding
he
did
not
receive
him
in
the
quality
of
a
Volunteer
,
as
he
desir'd
,
but
that
he
might
assure
himself
he
would
ever
afford
him
such
a
place
in
his
Armies
,
as
that
therewith
he
himself
should
be
very
well
content
.
And
accordingly
his
Majesty
having
a
desing
upon
Royan
,
he
dismiss'd
the
Duke
with
part
of
his
Forces
to
begin
the
Siege
.
In
this
sort
the
Duke
quitted
his
employment
at
the
Siege
of
Rochelle
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon
sent
to
lay
Sie●e
to
R●yan
.
after
having
lain
before
it
eight
months
compleat
:
during
which
time
the
Army
had
receiv'd
five
Musters
,
and
yet
complain'd
of
being
ill
us'd
;
though
I
believe
now
adays
they
would
be
very
well
content
to
be
so
paid
.
The
Duke
being
approach'd
near
Royan
,
mounted
on
Horseback
to
view
the
place
.
This
Royan
was
a
little
City
built
upon
a
very
high
Rock
by
the
Sea-side
,
inaccessible
on
that
side
towards
the
Water
;
the
height
whereof
breaking
off
the
impetuosity
of
the
Winds
,
at
the
foot
of
the
precipice
afforded
a
very
secure
Harbour
to
so
many
Vessels
as
it
could
contain
.
This
Harbour
was
defended
by
an
antient
Castle
rais'd
upon
the
eminence
of
the
Rock
,
and
in
the
midst
of
it
a
little
way
was
levell'd
,
that
lead
to
the
Harbour
by
one
of
the
Gates
of
the
City
.
On
that
side
towards
the
Land
the
situation
was
more
even
;
but
there
also
so
well
fortified
,
that
in
the
opinion
of
all
who
view'd
it
either
before
,
or
after
the
Siege
,
it
was
one
of
the
most
tenable
places
,
for
its
circuit
in
France
.
To
which
it
had
moreover
this
advantage
,
that
it
was
almost
without
danger
to
be
defended
;
forasmuch
as
after
their
out-works
should
be
taken
(
which
could
not
be
till
after
a
long
Siege
)
the
convenience
of
the
Sea
,
and
the
vicinity
of
Rochelle
,
rendred
their
retreat
at
any
time
so
easie
,
and
so
secure
,
that
it
was
to
be
defended
to
the
last
extreme
.
The
Baron
de
Saint
Surin
,
a
Hugonot
,
and
a
Gentleman
of
great
quality
,
and
valour
,
though
very
young
,
had
in
the
beginning
of
these
commotions
surpriz'd
this
place
from
la
Chesnaye
,
one
of
the
King
's
Domesticks
of
the
same
Religion
;
but
infinitely
zealous
for
his
Majesties
Service
:
neither
was
he
ignorant
of
the
advantages
of
the
place
;
he
knew
what
reputation
he
might
gain
amongst
those
of
his
own
party
,
and
what
recompense
from
the
King
himself
,
after
a
long
and
obstinate
resistance
:
but
la
Mote
Saint
Surin
his
Brother
,
the
Count
de
Marennes
his
Brother-in-law
,
and
Navailles
his
Cousin
,
having
been
taken
prisoners
at
the
Isle
of
Rheé
,
and
the
King
threatning
to
deal
with
them
after
another
manner
than
with
ordinary
prisoners
of
War
,
gave
Saint
Surin
to
understand
,
that
upon
his
determination
depended
the
safety
of
his
Allies
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon
,
who
had
instructions
from
the
King
to
manage
this
Affair
with
Saint
Surin
,
had
to
the
King's
menaces
added
so
many
advantageous
propositions
for
the
Governour
in
his
own
particular
,
as
had
altogether
brought
the
business
to
that
pass
,
that
Saint
Surin
,
who
had
a
great
respect
for
the
Duke
,
of
whom
he
was
also
very
much
esteem'd
,
and
entirely
belov'd
,
touch'd
with
a
tenderness
towards
his
friends
,
and
moreover
very
ill
satisfied
with
the
ill
usage
men
of
his
condition
receiv'd
from
those
of
their
own
party
(
who
were
eternally
expos'd
to
the
capricious
humour
of
the
most
abject
rabble
of
Rochelle
)
had
made
him
an
absolute
promise
to
surrender
the
place
.
The
day
was
set
,
the
hour
concluded
,
and
all
things
prepar'd
for
the
execution
,
the
King's
Forces
were
advanc'd
towards
the
Town
to
receive
it
,
and
the
Duke's
Guards
appointed
to
guard
the
Gates
of
the
City
;
when
Saint
Surin
,
more
confident
of
his
Garrison
,
than
he
ought
to
have
been
,
made
no
difficulty
to
go
out
of
the
place
to
settle
some
Articles
with
the
Duke
he
had
not
thought
on
before
.
'
●
is
true
he
had
left
his
Lieutenant
,
whom
he
had
made
firm
to
his
own
resolution
,
in
the
Castle
;
a
Fort
that
rendred
him
absolutely
Master
of
the
City
,
having
a
back
Gate
by
which
the
King's
Forces
might
at
any
time
be
introduc'd
,
notwithstanding
any
endeavour
of
the
City
to
hinder
his
design
:
but
Favas
,
Saint
Ravy
,
Moulines
,
and
some
other
Gentlemen
of
Command
,
upon
the
rumour
was
spread
at
Rochelle
of
this
Treaty
,
ran
thither
in
all
diligence
;
where
finding
the
Governour
gone
out
,
and
his
Lieutenant
call'd
l'
Arnaudiere
,
being
so
senseless
as
to
come
open
the
draw
Bridge
of
the
Castle
to
talk
with
them
in
too
great
security
,
Saint
Ravy
,
assisted
by
one
Poyanne
,
gave
him
a
Pistol-shot
in
the
head
,
by
which
he
was
laid
dead
upon
the
place
;
which
being
done
,
they
forthwi●h
cry'd
to
Armes
,
when
the
City
immediately
revolting
from
Saint
Surin
,
his
own
Garrison
follow'd
the
same
example
;
whereupon
on
a
sudden
such
a
noise
was
heard
within
,
as
sounded
nothing
of
the
expected
surrender
.
The
Duke
in
his
approach
to
Royan
had
taken
up
his
Quarters
in
a
house
call'd
Saint
Pierre
de
Royan
,
which
was
within
Cannon
shot
of
the
City
and
before
which
was
a
little
Green
,
which
overlooking
the
City
,
had
drawn
thither
a
great
number
of
persons
to
behold
,
as
from
a
Scaffold
,
the
surrender
of
this
place
.
The
Duke
himself
was
there
,
where
Monsieur
d'
Autry
had
been
long
discoursing
with
him
,
and
they
were
still
walking
together
;
when
this
cloud
of
people
having
invited
those
within
to
level
all
the
Iron
,
and
Brass
Pieces
they
had
at
that
eminence
,
there
was
heard
on
a
sudden
,
one
shot
overtaking
another
,
a
Volley
of
eighteen
pieces
of
Ordnance
,
which
all
plaid
into
this
little
place
.
And
certainly
after
an
example
like
this
all
Cannon-shot
are
to
be
despis'd
,
when
had
they
shot
with
a
design
to
do
no
harm
,
they
could
hardly
have
been
so
exact
in
their
aim
,
as
to
miss
so
great
a
crowd
of
people
,
yet
was
not
any
one
touch'd
;
so
that
excepting
the
fear
,
that
made
some
of
the
over-timorous
lay
themselves
flat
upon
the
ground
,
it
prov'd
matter
of
laughter
to
all
the
rest
.
The
Duke
was
still
talking
,
whilst
the
Cannon
play'd
from
the
City
,
with
the
same
indifferency
,
as
if
there
had
been
no
noise
at
all
;
neither
did
he
once
break
off
his
discourse
,
though
the
Bullets
flew
very
thick
about
his
ears
:
but
the
tumult
being
over
,
conceiving
these
to
be
no
Volleys
of
Triumph
,
and
that
it
was
necessary
,
before
the
Enemy
could
have
time
to
look
about
them
,
to
take
all
possible
advantage
of
this
confusion
;
he
caus'd
his
men
to
betake
themselves
to
their
Arms
,
himself
immediately
going
down
into
the
Suburbs
;
which
though
very
well
Barricado'd
,
was
nevertheless
by
reason
of
their
disorder
●o
weakly
guarded
,
that
he
carried
it
at
the
first
assault
,
with
little
or
no
resistance
:
a
thing
that
in
many
days
,
and
without
the
loss
of
a
great
many
good
men
,
had
he
slipt
this
opportunity
,
he
could
not
have
done
.
Saint
Surin
surpriz'd
at
so
unexpected
an
alteration
,
and
not
being
able
almost
to
believe
his
own
eyes
,
went
down
to
demand
the
cause
of
this
confusion
;
where
all
the
answer
he
could
get
,
was
to
bid
him
begone
,
his
Souldiers
yet
retaining
so
much
respect
for
his
person
,
as
not
to
shoot
at
him
,
though
they
would
not
receive
him
;
and
then
it
was
that
he
saw
the
error
his
youth
,
and
want
of
experience
,
had
made
him
to
commit
.
He
therefore
return'd
back
to
the
Duke
to
justifie
himself
,
who
more
compa●sionate
of
his
disgrace
,
than
troubled
at
his
own
disappointment
,
receiv'd
,
and
comforted
him
with
great
civility
,
and
friendship
;
entertaining
him
in
his
own
Quarters
,
and
giving
him
opportunity
by
the
Services
he
perform'd
during
this
Siege
,
to
wipe
off
the
imputation
of
his
ill
conduct
,
and
to
give
the
world
high
proofs
of
his
bravery
,
and
valour
.
His
good
qualities
after
the
War
was
over
,
and
no
more
to
do
at
home
,
carried
him
to
seek
his
destiny
in
Holland
,
and
by
that
means
depriving
France
of
one
of
the
most
accomplish'd
Gentlemen
to
all
purposes
,
and
in
all
qualifications
commendable
in
a
man
of
his
condition
,
of
his
time
.
As
to
this
business
,
the
Duke
having
undertaken
his
interests
,
against
the
ill
offices
of
many
who
were
emulous
of
his
desert
,
not
only
prevail'd
with
the
King
to
accept
his
excuses
,
but
as
a
recompense
for
the
Passion
he
had
observ'd
in
him
to
his
Majesties
Service
,
moreover
procur'd
the
enlargement
of
his
friends
;
ordering
it
so
,
that
his
Piety
was
not
rendred
fruitless
by
his
misfortune
,
and
that
what
would
have
been
punish'd
in
the
person
of
another
,
was
rewarded
in
him
.
The
Suburbs
of
Royan
being
thus
taken
,
they
were
now
to
proceed
regularly
in
their
approaches
for
the
taking
of
the
Town
,
wherein
though
the
Duke
had
made
choice
of
that
part
,
where
it
was
with
greatest
difficulty
to
be
assaulted
;
yet
did
he
ply
his
business
so
well
,
that
a
Mine
was
brought
up
under
the
Bastion
he
had
undertaken
.
The
King's
Army
in
the
mean
time
advanc'd
to
favour
the
Siege
,
when
his
Majesty
coming
after
to
view
the
Trenches
,
resolv'd
at
last
upon
an
assault
.
The
order
therefore
being
given
,
and
all
things
prepar'd
for
the
design
,
the
Marquis
de
la
Valette
put
himself
in
the
head
of
his
men
,
seconded
by
the
Guards
of
the
Duke
his
Father
,
where
he
engag'd
himself
so
far
in
the
danger
,
that
he
was
buried
up
to
the
middle
in
a
Counter-Mine
sprung
by
the
besieg'd
,
and
where
he
had
run
a
great
hazard
of
his
life
,
had
not
Montigny
the
Gentleman
of
his
Horse
,
a
tall
,
and
very
strong
man
,
help'd
to
disingage
him
.
The
Guards
that
follow'd
avoided
the
danger
of
the
Mine
,
but
they
found
nevertheless
so
smart
an
opposition
at
a
work
the
besieg'd
had
cast
up
within
the
Bastion
,
that
of
five
and
forty
,
whereof
that
Company
consisted
,
two
only
escap'd
without
wounds
.
Fourteen
were
there
slain
outright
,
all
the
rest
being
hurt
more
or
less
;
but
the
three
Officers
,
Marsillac
,
la
Roche
,
and
Larcan
,
Brother
to
the
Baron
of
Esclignac
,
who
lead
them
on
to
the
assault
,
were
all
so
desperately
wounded
,
that
there
was
small
hope
of
their
recovery
.
The
Baron
de
Mat●a
,
who
had
accompanied
the
Duke
in
this
occasion
,
was
slain
upon
the
Bastion
by
a
great
shot
,
as
also
several
Gentlemen
of
the
Duke's
houshold
;
but
the
rest
,
resolute
to
overcome
all
difficulties
,
lodg'd
themselves
at
last
in
the
Bastion
.
The
Mareschal
de
Vitry
who
was
present
at
this
assault
,
Royan
taken
,
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
great
●onour
.
and
who
in
this
,
as
in
all
other
occasions
signaliz'd
himself
with
extraordinary
valour
,
gave
them
the
glory
of
this
performance
,
principally
the
Chevalier
de
la
Valette
,
who
did
wonders
in
his
own
person
,
from
the
beginning
to
the
end
of
the
action
.
Thus
by
the
Duke
's
admirable
conduct
,
and
the
valour
of
his
followers
this
Siege
was
brought
to
an
end
in
fewer
weeks
,
than
months
would
have
been
allow'd
him
,
had
he
carried
it
on
with
less
prudence
,
or
resolution
.
In
this
,
as
it
oft
falls
out
upon
other
occasions
of
this
nature
,
so
strange
Wounds
Strange
Wounds
.
were
observ'd
,
as
,
their
cures
defeating
all
the
rules
of
Art
,
pass'd
for
miraculous
.
One
of
the
Souldiers
of
the
Duke's
Guards
call'd
Faure
receiv'd
a
Cannon-shot
in
his
Belly
,
which
pass'd
quite
through
,
leaving
an
orifice
bigger
than
a
Hat
Crown
;
so
that
the
Chirurgeons
could
not
imagine
,
though
it
were
possible
the
Bowels
should
remain
unoffended
that
nature
could
have
supply'd
so
wide
a
breach
,
which
notwithstanding
she
did
;
and
to
that
perfection
,
that
the
party
found
himself
,
as
well
as
before
.
Another
of
the
same
condition
call'd
Rameé
,
and
of
the
same
place
(
they
being
both
Natives
of
St.
Iean
de
Angely
)
receiv'd
a
Musquet-shot
,
which
entring
at
his
mouth
,
came
out
of
the
nape
of
his
neck
,
who
was
also
perfectly
cur'd
:
which
two
extravagant
wounds
being
reported
to
the
King
,
his
Majesty
took
them
both
into
his
own
particular
dependence
,
saying
those
were
men
that
could
not
die
,
though
they
afterwards
both
ended
their
dayes
in
his
Service
.
This
place
being
reduc'd
to
the
King's
obedience
,
The
march
of
the
Kings
Army
into
Guienne
,
and
their
progress
there
.
there
remain'd
nothing
more
in
Xaintonge
worthy
his
Majesties
Arms
,
so
that
he
was
at
liberty
to
advance
with
all
his
Forces
into
Guienne
.
The
Prince
of
Condé
had
been
sent
thither
before
with
the
Vant-guard
of
the
Army
;
where
at
his
Majesties
arrival
he
found
Monravet
taken
by
the
Duke
d'
Elboeuf
,
and
Themeins
,
after
a
long
and
obstinate
resistance
,
surrendred
to
the
same
Duke
.
Saint
Foy
also
,
Clerac
,
le
Mont
de
Marsan
,
with
several
other
considerable
places
,
were
reduc'd
to
his
obedience
,
by
the
Marquis
de
la
Force
,
de
Lusignan
,
and
de
Castelnau
de
Chalosse
,
who
had
taken
them
in
;
so
that
his
Majesty
finding
little
to
do
in
Guienne
,
pass'd
speedily
thence
into
Languedoc
.
Negrepolisse
,
a
little
paltry
●own
upon
his
way
,
was
so
impudent
as
to
stand
a
Siege
;
but
it
was
soon
taken
by
assault
;
and
St.
Antonin
having
after
a
Siege
surrendred
to
mercy
,
their
temerity
having
put
the
King
upon
making
some
examples
,
the
neighbouring
places
thought
it
convenient
to
fly
to
his
Majesties
Clemency
,
to
evade
the
trial
of
his
victorious
Arms.
Whilst
the
King
was
taken
up
with
these
little
exploits
,
the
Duke
of
Espernon
had
taken
opportunity
to
look
into
his
own
Domestick
Affairs
,
the
better
to
fit
himself
to
follow
,
and
serve
his
Majesty
in
his
main
expedition
;
which
he
had
so
dispatch'd
,
as
to
come
before
the
King
to
Tholouze
;
who
arriving
there
a
few
days
after
,
the
Army
mov'd
towards
the
higher
Languedoc
by
the
way
of
Ca●cassonne
,
Beziers
,
Narbonne
,
and
other
good
Cities
;
and
the
seven
and
twentieth
of
August
the
whole
Court
arriv'd
at
la
Verune
,
a
little
Town
in
Languedoc
:
where
the
Duke
receiv'd
the
honour
of
a
Patent
for
Governour
,
and
his
Majesties
Lieutenant
General
in
Guienne
,
and
for
the
particular
Governments
of
Chasteau
,
Trompette
,
as
also
of
the
City
,
and
Cittadel
of
Bergerac
,
with
the
City
and
Castle
of
Nerac
,
in
lieu
of
his
Governments
of
Angoumois
,
Xaintonge
,
Aulins
,
and
Limousin
.
From
the
time
of
their
being
together
at
Tholouze
,
the
Prince
of
Condé
having
converted
the
animosities
he
had
conceiv'd
against
the
Duke
,
during
the
Regency
of
the
Queen
Mother
into
a
particular
esteem
;
he
was
the
first
man
that
thought
of
this
Command
in
the
Duke's
favour
:
and
though
he
had
himself
been
Governour
of
that
Province
,
yet
thinking
it
no
prejudice
to
his
Birth
and
Dignity
,
to
be
succeeded
by
a
man
of
his
Merit
,
he
first
propos'd
him
to
the
King
.
His
Majesty
understood
as
well
as
any
the
importance
of
this
Command
,
and
having
a
little
before
experimented
in
the
person
of
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
,
what
a
Governour
of
Guienne
could
do
,
when
debauch'd
from
his
Duty
,
had
been
at
great
debate
with
himself
,
upon
whom
to
confer
the
honour
of
this
great
Employment
.
At
the
first
mention
notwithstanding
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
he
very
favourably
gave
his
consent
,
and
the
constant
testimonies
he
had
always
receiv'd
of
the
Duke's
fidelity
seeming
to
be
security
for
him
for
the
time
to
come
,
he
gave
the
Prince
order
to
speak
to
him
about
it
,
and
to
let
him
know
he
had
thoughts
of
conferring
upon
him
the
honour
of
that
command
.
But
all
we
who
were
of
the
Duke's
Family
,
can
witness
there
was
not
the
same
facility
in
the
Duke
to
receive
this
favour
,
there
had
been
in
his
Majesty
to
confer
it
:
Not
that
he
wanted
ambition
,
●or
that
his
spirit
did
not
prompt
him
with
great
confidence
in
himself
to
aspire
to
the
highest
employments
:
but
this
ambition
also
was
not
blind
,
and
if
on
the
one
side
he
consider'd
how
great
an
honour
it
would
be
to
succeed
the
late
King
Henry
the
great
of
happy
memory
,
who
had
maintain'd
himself
in
this
Government
,
till
he
came
to
the
Crown
with
other
first
Princes
of
the
Blood
,
and
to
have
his
Authority
rais'd
to
that
height
in
his
own
native
Countrey
:
he
wisely
weigh'd
on
the
other
side
,
that
amongst
so
many
advantages
he
should
meet
with
much
trouble
,
and
many
difficulties
to
balance
the
lustre
of
that
Dignity
,
with
many
occurrences
that
he
foresaw
would
be
very
cross
and
untoward
.
His
present
condition
't
was
true
was
not
so
shining
,
but
it
was
also
more
calm
;
and
his
Authority
was
so
establish'd
in
his
own
Governments
,
that
there
was
none
who
was
not
acquainted
with
his
Justice
,
and
who
from
the
Infancy
of
his
Administration
,
had
not
paid
so
inviolate
a
respect
to
his
person
,
that
the
reverence
those
Countreys
had
for
him
,
seem'd
to
be
a
natural
quality
in
the
people
committed
to
his
charge
.
The
Gentry
and
Populacy
were
equally
obedient
to
him
,
and
he
liv'd
amongst
them
as
free
from
trouble
,
as
envy
:
whereas
in
Guienne
,
where
his
Government
would
be
shut
up
betwixt
two
Parliaments
,
he
conceiv'd
that
in
the
administration
of
his
charge
it
would
be
almost
impossible
to
avoid
many
disputes
,
with
the
members
of
the
one
or
the
other
Body
.
Whilst
he
had
only
had
to
do
with
them
in
the
quality
of
a
friend
,
he
had
found
them
exceedingly
obliging
,
and
all
the
Gentry
of
the
Province
had
ever
paid
him
a
very
great
respect
:
but
he
very
much
doubted
whether
in
such
a
degree
of
Authority
he
could
preserve
the
friendship
,
and
affection
of
so
many
persons
of
quality
as
would
be
subjected
to
him
.
These
reasons
made
him
long
deliberate
upon
this
Affair
,
and
he
was
often
tempted
to
refuse
it
:
but
he
was
so
importun'd
by
his
friends
,
and
particularly
by
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
who
came
to
wait
upon
the
King
in
Languedoc
,
that
he
at
last
resolv'd
to
embrace
his
Majesties
gracious
offer
:
though
I
heard
him
say
then
,
and
he
has
often
confirm'd
it
since
,
that
he
would
never
have
been
perswaded
to
do
it
,
had
he
not
been
before
divested
of
the
Cittadel
of
Xaintes
;
assuring
us
,
that
could
he
have
kept
that
in
the
condition
he
had
once
put
it
,
he
would
not
have
exchang'd
those
Governments
he
was
already
seiz'd
of
,
for
any
the
best
in
France
.
Having
therefore
long
deliberated
before
he
could
resolve
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon
receives
his
Patent
for
the
Government
of
Guienne
.
he
at
last
went
to
receive
from
the
King
's
own
hand
his
Patent
for
Governour
of
Guienne
,
dated
from
the
Camp
of
la
Verune
the
27.
of
August
1622.
the
news
whereof
was
no
sooner
spread
abroad
,
but
that
all
Guienne
was
as
much
over-joyed
at
their
good
Fortune
,
to
be
govern'd
by
a
Lord
of
their
own
Countrey
,
and
one
that
had
already
laid
so
many
obligations
upon
it
(
there
being
few
Families
of
the
Gentry
,
that
had
not
been
enrich'd
by
his
bounty
)
as
the
Provinces
that
saw
themselves
depriv'd
of
him
,
were
afflicted
,
and
disconsolate
at
his
loss
.
A
privation
the
miseries
they
afterwards
endur'd
made
them
very
sensible
of
a
long
time
after
;
though
they
have
at
last
found
a
remedy
in
the
person
of
the
Marquis
de
Montauzier
,
the
present
Governour
there
;
who
by
his
generous
,
and
prudent
administration
,
after
having
procur'd
them
all
the
ease
and
comfort
,
the
condition
of
the
time
will
permit
has
either
so
confirm'd
them
in
,
or
so
reduc'd
them
to
their
obedience
to
the
King
,
as
has
secur'd
them
from
many
inconveniences
,
into
which
,
by
the
ill
example
of
their
Neighbours
,
they
would
otherwise
have
been
seduc'd
.
The
Duke
de
l'
Esdiguieres
was
at
the
same
time
promoted
to
the
Office
of
Constable
of
France
:
A
comparison
betwixt
the
Dukes
of
Espernon
and
l'
Esdiguieres
,
with
some
reflections
upon
the
different
ways
of
their
advancement
.
and
since
Fortune
seems
to
have
made
choice
of
these
two
Lords
(
the
most
eminent
of
their
time
)
to
manifest
what
she
can
do
,
when
dispos'd
to
favour
men
of
extraordinary
merit
,
it
will
not
perhaps
be
altogether
impertinent
to
consider
the
several
ways
by
which
she
rais'd
them
to
that
infinite
pitch
of
Honour
.
They
were
indeed
very
different
both
in
the
one
and
the
others
promotion
:
In
the
advancement
of
the
Duke
de
l'
Esdiguieres
,
she
was
observ'd
to
proceed
with
order
,
leading
him
through
all
the
degrees
of
his
profession
,
and
from
the
quality
of
a
private
Souldier
,
raising
him
step
by
step
,
in
revolution
of
time
to
the
Dignity
of
Constable
of
France
.
He
had
never
been
preferr'd
from
a
less
command
to
a
greater
,
without
having
first
been
concluded
worthy
of
it
;
wherein
Envy
(
which
has
seldom
been
known
to
be
reconcil'd
to
Vertue
)
never
appear'd
his
adversary
;
insomuch
that
he
ever
possess'd
all
the
advantages
of
the
one
,
without
once
proving
the
malignity
of
the
other
,
and
by
a
favour
particular
to
him
alone
,
was
so
constantly
fortunate
,
that
his
happiness
was
never
travers'd
with
the
least
disturbance
.
He
never
undertook
any
thing
,
how
dangerous
soever
,
where
Fortune
did
not
still
smooth
his
way
,
and
level
all
difficulties
before
him
,
to
favour
his
success
,
even
beyond
his
own
expectation
:
and
no
less
solicitous
of
his
person
,
than
partial
to
his
Affairs
,
was
ever
so
ready
to
defend
him
from
the
least
mischance
,
that
whatever
he
acquir'd
of
Greatness
,
Wealth
,
or
Honour
,
scarce
cost
him
so
much
as
one
drop
of
blood
.
It
is
in
truth
very
much
to
rise
by
so
honourable
,
and
so
easie
a
gradation
,
to
such
a
place
of
greatness
:
but
yet
methinks
it
must
appear
more
strange
,
as
it
is
more
rarely
found
,
to
see
a
young
man
at
twenty
years
old
rais'd
to
the
highest
pitch
,
to
which
Fortune
,
and
Favour
,
when
combin'd
,
could
possibly
advance
him
:
That
a
man
envy'd
of
every
one
,
justled
by
all
parties
,
abandon'd
by
his
own
Benefactor
,
and
persecuted
by
a
mighty
King
his
Successor
,
should
keep
himself
still
upright
,
against
all
those
violent
assaults
.
We
have
seen
him
wounded
in
several
Engagements
,
blown
up
by
Mines
,
and
swallow'd
in
Precipices
;
notwithstanding
all
which
he
overcame
all
difficulties
by
a
vigorous
resistance
,
triumphing
at
last
over
Envy
it self
:
so
that
if
the
one
obtain'd
from
the
world
a
favourable
opinion
by
his
Conduct
,
the
other
forc'd
it
by
his
Vigour
;
constraining
all
France
to
confess
,
that
those
Offices
,
and
Honours
which
at
first
had
prevented
his
desert
,
fell
at
last
very
much
short
of
his
Vertue
.
Insomuch
that
if
we
find
the
one
worthy
of
Esteem
,
the
other
is
no
less
worthy
of
Admiration
;
if
the
one
was
promoted
by
ordinary
means
,
the
other
rose
to
all
his
Advancements
by
extraordinary
ways
;
if
the
one
leisurely
,
and
by
degrees
arriv'd
at
greatness
,
there
was
a
kind
of
impetuosity
in
the
promotion
of
the
other
;
and
yet
his
foot
never
slipt
back
:
and
if
the
one
supported
his
Fortune
erected
upon
sure
Foundations
,
the
other
(
which
is
very
strange
)
even
without
any
foundation
at
all
,
has
rais'd
his
to
that
prodigious
height
,
as
to
carry
it
almost
out
of
sight
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon
,
The
Duke
resolves
to
attend
the
King's
person
in
his
expeditions
.
though
he
had
merited
well
enough
from
the
Crown
,
to
expect
an
acknowledgement
like
this
wherewith
the
King
thought
fit
to
gratifie
his
desert
,
did
yet
receive
it
rather
as
a
new
obligation
for
new
,
and
greater
Services
,
than
as
a
recompense
for
what
he
had
already
done
;
and
conceiving
that
those
he
should
perform
in
his
Majesties
own
view
,
would
best
manifest
his
Gratitude
;
he
deferr'd
till
a
fitter
season
,
the
taking
possession
of
his
new
Government
,
that
he
might
not
loss
such
opportunities
,
as
the
War
was
likely
to
offer
him
whilst
he
should
continue
about
the
person
of
the
King
.
He
therefore
attended
his
Majesty
to
Narbonne
,
where
some
overtures
being
set
on
foot
by
the
Constable
de
l'
Esdiguieres
,
and
the
Duke
de
Rohan
in
order
to
an
Accommodation
:
he
thought
he
might
conveniently
make
use
of
the
interval
of
this
Treaty
,
for
the
accomplishment
of
a
vow
he
he
had
formerly
made
to
our
Lady
of
Monserrat
.
The
Duke's
design
was
to
go
this
Journey
Incognito
,
to
avoid
the
trouble
of
many
complements
he
was
sure
would
be
put
upon
him
,
if
he
should
travel
in
his
ordinary
State
,
in
all
places
through
which
he
was
to
pass
;
and
to
that
end
had
reduc'd
his
Train
to
a
very
small
number
,
setting
forwards
almost
so
soon
as
he
had
taken
leave
of
the
King
,
that
he
might
prevent
any
rumor
of
his
motion
:
but
he
soon
found
it
was
far
easier
for
him
to
reduce
his
attendance
,
than
to
obscure
his
reputation
,
which
had
already
so
far
got
the
start
of
his
preparation
,
and
had
so
fill'd
the
neighbouring
Kingdoms
with
the
reverence
of
his
name
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon
takes
a
Journy
into
Catalognia
.
that
he
was
no
sooner
enter'd
into
the
King
of
Spain's
Dominions
,
but
he
was
receiv'd
in
all
places
with
infinite
respect
,
and
extraordinary
honours
.
He
was
in
this
Voyage
accompanied
by
the
Marquis
de
Varennes
(
made
Governour
of
Aiguemortes
at
his
return
)
the
Vicount
de
Fontrailles
,
the
Count
de
Maillé
,
the
Sieur
de
la
Iliere
Governour
of
Loches
,
six
Gentlemen
of
his
houshold
,
as
many
of
his
Guards
,
and
a
necessary
number
of
Officers
;
yet
could
he
not
,
with
all
his
care
to
contract
his
Equipage
,
order
it
so
,
that
he
had
not
above
fifty
persons
in
his
Train
:
so
troublesome
a
thing
is
Greatness
.
He
lay
the
first
night
at
la
Palme
,
a
private
house
belonging
to
one
of
the
Gentlemen
who
went
along
with
him
,
and
the
next
day
pass'd
close
by
the
Castles
of
Laucate
,
and
de
Salses
,
two
little
Fortresses
which
at
that
time
divided
the
Kingdoms
of
France
,
and
Spain
;
by
the
distance
of
which
from
our
Frontiers
as
they
now
stand
,
it
may
be
seen
how
far
our
Conquests
have
extended
the
limits
of
our
own
Kingdom
.
Two
days
after
he
came
to
Perpignan
.
Here
it
was
that
the
Duke
first
perceiv'd
how
fruitless
all
his
caution
to
conceal
his
person
had
been
,
The
Duke's
reception
in
all
the
Cities
through
which
he
pass'd
.
he
finding
at
his
arrival
there
the
Garrison
already
drawn
out
to
receive
him
;
and
the
Governour
so
soon
as
he
was
alighted
coming
to
his
Lodging
to
kiss
hands
,
and
to
offer
him
admittance
into
the
Cittadel
;
though
the
Duke
making
no
other
advantage
of
his
Complement
,
than
in
such
a
case
he
ought
to
do
,
after
having
return'd
his
thanks
in
the
most
civil
terms
so
obliging
an
invitation
requir'd
,
would
still
remain
in
the
Town
.
He
parted
thence
the
next
morning
before
day
,
it
being
necessary
to
avoid
the
excessive
heats
of
the
Countrey
,
and
the
season
,
to
end
his
Journey
by
six
of
the
clock
in
the
morning
,
and
to
repose
himself
the
rest
of
the
day
.
And
here
he
was
likewise
constrain'd
,
either
for
fear
of
wanting
forage
for
Horse
,
or
with
less
difficulty
to
pass
the
Mountains
and
Rocks
,
to
leave
his
Horses
,
and
to
mount
upon
Mules
.
The
Gates
were
set
open
for
him
at
the
appointed
hour
,
and
two
Troops
of
the
Garrison
Horse
were
found
ready
to
convoy
him
two
Leagues
from
the
City
:
he
was
moreover
saluted
by
all
the
Artillery
at
his
departure
.
A
complement
so
loud
,
as
the
adjacent
Countrey
being
thereby
given
to
understand
,
that
so
unusual
an
honour
was
not
paid
to
a
person
of
ordinary
condition
,
he
found
at
Stelrie
,
at
Girone
,
at
la
Roque
,
and
the
other
places
through
which
he
pass'd
,
that
the
Spanish
pride
hindred
not
their
gravity
from
paying
all
due
honour
,
and
respect
to
Vertue
.
He
came
at
last
to
Barcelona
,
where
the
Duke
de
Alcala
Vice-Roy
of
Catalognia
,
so
soon
as
he
heard
of
his
arrival
,
came
in
person
to
visit
him
,
excusing
himself
in
that
he
had
not
had
timely
notice
of
his
coming
,
that
he
might
have
come
out
to
meet
him
,
and
to
receive
him
without
the
City
,
as
he
said
,
he
had
order
from
the
King
his
Master
to
do
.
Being
return'd
home
,
it
was
not
long
before
he
sent
the
Duke
his
Coach
of
Ceremony
,
drawn
by
six
great
and
very
beautiful
Gennets
,
for
him
to
go
abroad
,
and
take
the
Aire
.
A
sight
at
which
the
Duke
(
who
had
ever
been
,
and
who
continued
to
his
death
a
great
lover
of
the
Horses
of
Spain
)
was
almost
impatient
,
that
so
noble
Creatures
should
be
subdu'd
to
so
mean
a
use
:
nevertheless
(
so
great
is
the
contagion
of
example
,
especially
where
the
glory
of
emulation
seems
to
be
concern'd
)
that
he
was
afterwards
himself
the
first
who
show'd
such
another
set
of
Horses
in
France
;
he
being
a
few
years
after
,
very
often
observ'd
in
the
Cours
at
Paris
in
a
very
rich
Coach
,
drawn
by
six
dapple-Gray
Spanish
Horses
;
to
which
I
could
add
that
it
was
in
the
company
of
Ladies
too
,
and
that
at
the
age
of
threescore
and
ten
,
he
was
content
to
be
seen
playing
the
young
man
,
upon
the
greatest
Theatre
of
Europe
.
He
staid
two
whole
days
at
Barcelona
,
during
which
time
he
view'd
at
leisure
the
greatness
,
and
beauty
of
the
City
.
The
Viceroy
invited
him
to
his
Palace
,
where
he
had
assembled
the
best
company
of
men
to
wait
upon
him
,
and
the
finest
women
in
the
Town
to
entertain
him
,
which
was
a
very
extraordinary
favour
.
This
civility
was
moreover
attended
with
a
Ball
,
a
Comedy
,
and
a
noble
Banquet
:
and
from
hence
the
Viceroy
carried
him
to
the
Cours
,
which
extends
it self
in
very
great
length
upon
the
Sea-shore
,
and
where
we
could
not
but
wonder
at
the
delicacy
of
that
people
,
the
Ghing
of
all
the
Gallies
in
the
Harbour
being
drawn
out
every
night
to
water
this
Cours
,
which
is
above
two
thousand
paces
long
.
We
at
first
thought
it
an
extraordinary
thing
,
done
only
in
favour
of
the
Duke
:
but
we
were
soon
dispossess'd
of
that
error
,
when
we
understood
that
the
Inhabitants
,
to
defend
themselves
from
the
dust
,
and
to
qualifie
the
excessive
ardours
of
the
Sun
,
had
impos'd
this
new
task
as
an
addition
to
the
other
intolerable
labours
of
their
miserable
slaves
.
From
Barcelona
the
D●ke
went
at
last
to
Monserrat
,
where
he
continued
three
days
entire
at
his
Devotion
,
not
without
admiring
the
excellent
Oeconomy
observ'd
in
this
Abby
,
where
there
are
ordinarily
above
two
thousand
five
hundred
persons
provided
for
every
day
;
for
which
all
the
provisions
so
much
as
wood
,
and
water
must
be
fetch'd
a
great
way
off
upon
Mules
,
the
Rock
being
so
dry
,
and
unfruitful
,
as
neither
to
afford
the
one
,
nor
the
other
of
these
,
much
less
the
other
necessa●ies
of
life
.
The
Duke
presented
the
Abby
with
many
very
rich
,
and
noble
Ornaments
,
adding
to
his
Presents
an
Almes
of
five
hundred
Crowns
of
Gold
,
for
three
thousand
Masses
,
and
so
return'd
into
France
.
The
Religious
Governours
of
this
Abby
never
take
any
mony
for
their
Hospitality
,
which
they
in
Charity
bestow
upon
all
Pilgrims
indifferently
of
what
condition
soever
for
three
days
together
:
but
they
also
never
refuse
how
much
soever
any
one
is
dispos'd
to
give
for
Masses
.
During
the
Duke's
abode
in
this
place
,
those
of
his
followers
who
were
nimblest
of
Foot
,
had
the
curiosity
to
climb
the
top
of
the
Mountain
to
see
the
Hermitages
,
which
,
being
thirteen
in
number
,
are
situated
upon
the
most
inaccessible
precipices
of
the
Rock
,
and
inhabited
by
so
many
devout
persons
,
who
subsist
upon
almost
no
other
nourishment
than
Herbs
,
and
Fruit.
Though
we
met
with
great
difficulty
,
and
danger
in
this
attempt
,
and
had
very
much
ado
to
satisfie
our
desires
;
we
saw
nevertheless
,
that
one
of
the
most
unwieldy
,
and
unready
footed
Animals
,
that
is
to
say
,
a
Mule
went
twice
a
week
the
same
way
,
alone
,
and
without
being
guided
,
to
carry
these
good
people
their
allowance
,
and
could
with
great
security
set
his
four
feet
in
very
narrow
paths
,
where
we
had
much
ado
to
dispose
of
our
two
;
so
great
a
priviledge
has
Custom
:
but
what
we
thought
the
most
strange
of
all
,
was
,
to
see
Birds
of
all
sorts
,
and
of
those
kinds
which
with
us
are
the
most
wild
,
and
untractable
,
so
familiar
with
these
Holy
men
,
as
to
peck
meat
out
of
their
mouths
,
and
suffer
themselves
to
be
handled
,
living
in
as
great
security
with
them
,
as
amongst
us
those
of
more
docile
natures
,
which
we
have
reclaim'd
,
and
made
tame
with
the
greatest
diligence
,
and
art
.
At
his
return
from
this
Voyage
,
The
D●ke
of
Espernon
returns
out
of
Catalognia
the
Duke
found
the
Treaty
absolutely
broken
off
,
and
the
King
ready
to
sit
down
before
Unel
;
an
Enterprize
wherein
his
Majesty
was
pleas'd
to
make
use
of
the
Duke's
person
,
and
particular
Servants
,
as
he
did
afterwards
at
the
Siege
of
Somnieres
,
at
both
which
Leaguers
the
Duke
lost
many
Gentlemen
of
great
Valour
and
Desert
.
Of
which
number
P●igeolet
a
Captain
in
the
Regiment
of
Guards
,
and
who
had
but
lately
quitted
a
Lieutenancy
in
the
Regiment
of
Piedmont
,
for
this
preferment
,
was
one
,
as
also
Courbon
,
l'
Enchere
,
Brouls
,
and
some
other
Officers
of
name
who
depended
upon
him
.
These
two
places
having
given
but
a
very
little
stop
to
the
progress
of
the
Royal
Arms
,
The
Siege
of
Montpelli●r
.
and
his
Majesty
still
pursuing
the
Chase
of
Victory
,
he
resolv'd
to
lay
Siege
to
Montpellier
;
a
design
of
so
high
a
nature
,
as
requir'd
the
condition
of
the
place
should
be
exactly
▪
and
maturely
consider'd
,
before
they
ought
to
come
to
a
determinate
resolution
.
It
had
in
one
year
been
fortified
to
a
miracle
,
even
in
the
opinion
of
those
who
were
best
read
in
Forti●ication
;
which
if
it
had
not
been
,
the
defects
of
the
place
would
notwithstanding
have
been
sufficiently
recompens'd
in
the
Valour
of
the
Governour
,
that
had
been
very
considerable
in
an
open
Village
.
It
was
the
Sieur
de
Calonges
of
whom
I
speak
,
a
Gentleman
equally
to
be
esteem'd
for
his
wit
,
and
bravery
;
qualities
that
made
him
look'd
upon
so
long
,
as
he
liv'd
,
for
an
extraordinary
person
in
his
own
Province
,
whither
he
at
last
retir'd
himself
,
as
full
of
honour
,
as
empty
of
ambition
,
to
end
his
days
,
after
having
perform'd
many
signal
Services
for
his
Prince
,
by
dying
to
expiate
the
glorious
fault
he
committed
against
his
Majesty
in
his
gallant
behaviour
at
this
Siege
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon
having
long
been
acquainted
with
this
Gentlemans
vertues
,
who
had
formerly
out
of
his
own
affection
ty'd
himself
to
his
Service
,
and
even
in
his
disgraces
paid
him
a
respect
at
Court
above
all
other
great
men
of
the
Kingdom
,
gave
such
a
Character
of
him
to
the
King
,
as
prov'd
too
true
in
the
revolution
of
this
Siege
.
The
Constable
de
l'
Esdiguieres
,
by
the
prerogative
of
his
place
,
having
the
principal
command
of
the
Army
,
would
(
with
good
Title
)
go
to
view
the
place
,
and
the
Duke
,
who
disputed
nothing
with
him
,
but
who
also
receiv'd
no
more
orders
from
him
now
he
was
Constable
,
than
when
he
was
only
Mareschal
General
de
Camp
,
was
also
commanded
by
the
King
to
do
the
same
.
The
Constable
went
out
first
,
accompanied
with
a
strong
party
of
Horse
,
as
the
Duke
also
was
with
some
Gentlemen
:
but
he
forgot
not
to
take
his
Guards
along
,
who
prov'd
very
serviceable
to
him
,
and
also
to
the
Constable
in
this
occasion
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon
had
not
advanc'd
far
in
order
to
his
discovery
,
before
he
was
fir'd
upon
by
some
Musqueteers
of
the
City
planted
in
the
hedges
,
in
which
Volley
the
Count
de
Maillé
who
was
talking
with
him
,
receiv'd
a
Musquet-shot
in
the
face
,
which
put
him
in
great
danger
of
his
life
:
some
others
were
also
hurt
,
and
the
mischief
would
have
been
greater
,
had
not
the
Duke
commanded
la
Roche
the
Lieutenant
of
his
Guard
with
his
Companies
,
to
alight
,
and
beat
the
Enemy
from
their
Post
;
which
he
having
without
much
difficulty
perform'd
,
and
the
Duke
conceiving
that
Monsieur
de
l'
Esdiguieres
would
meet
with
the
same
entertainment
,
he
dispatch'd
away
la
Roche
to
do
the
same
Service
for
him
,
if
occasion
should
require
.
Neither
could
he
have
arriv'd
in
a
better
time
,
for
the
Constable
having
taken
no
Foot
with
him
(
as
the
Duke
had
very
well
observ'd
)
the
Horse
that
attended
him
,
at
the
rattle
of
the
Musqu●t-shot
,
began
to
face
about
,
the
craggy
,
and
difficult
passes
not
permitting
them
to
come
up
to
charge
the
Enemy
,
who
in
great
security
fir'd
very
thick
upon
them
;
insomuch
that
the
Constable
,
abandon'd
by
his
men
,
would
perhaps
have
been
himself
oblig'd
shamefully
to
retire
,
had
not
the
Duke's
Guards
come
opportunely
in
to
clear
his
way
.
But
meeting
,
after
this
little
brush
with
no
further
opposition
,
he
soon
after
joyn'd
himself
with
the
Duke
near
Pont
Iuvenel
,
where
they
both
alighted
,
and
where
after
the
Duke
had
a
little
rallied
him
about
his
disorder
,
they
continued
a
great
while
in
consultation
to
consider
a
Plot
of
the
place
presented
before
them
,
and
went
afterwards
together
to
the
King's
Quarter
to
make
their
report
.
Immediately
upon
their
return
,
the
King
call'd
a
Council
of
War
,
to
resolve
upon
the
manner
of
carrying
on
the
Siege
,
where
the
Duke
did
not
only
propose
,
but
did
moreover
with
many
powerful
Arguments
maintain
,
that
they
were
especially
to
possess
themselves
of
the
Hill
Saint
Denis
;
an
eminence
near
the
City
,
from
whence
the
inside
of
all
their
Fortifications
were
so
easily
discover'd
,
A
prudent
counsel
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
which
,
not
being
follow'd
,
cost
the
lives
of
a
great
many
very
brave
men
.
that
it
was
impossible
(
that
post
being
well
secur'd
,
and
furnish'd
with
good
Artillery
)
for
the
Enemy
,
either
to
go
from
the
Town
,
to
the
defense
of
their
out-works
,
or
to
remain
secure
within
.
But
this
prudent
advice
,
that
being
follow'd
had
in●allibly
made
the
King
,
within
fifteen
days
,
master
of
the
place
,
and
sav'd
the
lives
of
as
many
persons
of
Quality
,
and
Valour
,
as
ever
his
Majesty
lost
in
any
one
Enterprize
of
this
kind
,
wa●
contradicted
by
Chabans
,
the
same
that
has
been
mention'd
be●or●
in
the
Queen
Mothers
Affair
.
This
man
had
,
during
the
time
of
the
Duke
de
Luines
his
favour
,
obtain'd
some
employment
at
Court
,
where
,
being
a
man
of
sense
,
and
very
well
read
in
the
busine●s
of
the
●ime
,
he
had
rais'd
himself
very
considerable
friends
to
support
him
:
So
that
those
who
were
enemies
to
the
Duke
(
which
were
ever
a
very
sufficient
number
)
prompted
Chabans
to
dispute
his
opinion
in
the
Council
,
not
considering
the
King's
Service
,
and
Interest
,
when
they
came
in
competition
with
the
injury
,
and
affront
they
intended
against
the
Duke
;
which
Chabans
so
effectually
perform'd
,
as
to
cause
a
determination
quite
contrary
to
what
the
Duke
had
advis'd
,
to
be
resolv'd
upon
.
A
thing
I
observ'd
the
Duke
at
his
return
from
the
Council
very
much
nettled
at
,
and
heard
him
give
Chabans
some
very
bitter
language
about
it
:
but
the
oversight
was
already
committed
,
and
the
more
unhappily
,
by
how
much
it
was
never
to
be
repair'd
:
of
so
great
importance
it
is
to
husband
the
opportunities
of
War
,
where
a
moment's
neglect
draws
after
it
an
irreparable
loss
.
Immediately
upon
the
breaking
up
of
the
Council
,
they
fell
to
work
on
all
hands
to
advance
the
Siege
.
The
Trenches
were
opened
,
when
those
within
soon
perceiving
of
how
great
importance
the
foremention'd
eminence
was
to
their
common
conservation
,
they
there
cast
up
a
little
Work
,
and
left
some
Souldiers
to
Guard
it
.
Which
Guard
was
no
sooner
planted
there
,
but
that
our
Commanders
eyes
being
opened
,
they
saw
the
error
they
had
committed
in
not
possessing
themselves
of
that
Post
whilst
it
might
have
been
done
without
any
opposition
.
They
therefore
now
resolv'd
to
fo●ce
it
,
and
succeeded
in
the
attempt
;
for
assaulting
it
by
night
,
and
the
besieg'd
not
daring
to
sally
out
of
the
Town
in
the
dark
to
relieve
their
men
,
they
suffer'd
it
to
be
taken
,
the
Guards
giving
our
Souldiers
leave
to
make
themselves
masters
of
their
Works
,
almost
without
any
resistance
:
But
(
as
it
often
falls
out
)
the
facility
of
this
little
Victory
having
made
our
people
as
negligent
to
its
conservation
,
as
if
it
never
ought
more
to
be
disputed
with
them
,
they
took
no
care
at
all
to
perfect
the
Works
,
that
to
their
hands
had
already
been
begun
:
Neither
was
this
the
sole
over-sight
was
committed
in
this
Affair
;
for
the
Duke
of
Espernon
(
as
true
in
his
predictions
,
as
unhappy
in
prevailing
with
these
good
counsels
his
long
experience
suggested
to
him
)
had
advis'd
that
a
sufficient
Guard
of
Horse
should
be
planted
near
to
the
Fort
,
to
beat
back
any
that
should
dare
to
sally
out
of
the
Town
,
to
drive
our
men
from
their
post
.
He
knew
very
well
that
the
enemy
had
few
,
or
no
Horse
,
and
that
therefore
they
durst
not
without
infinite
danger
hazard
their
Foot
to
come
to
us
,
the
space
between
being
large
enough
to
give
our
Cavalry
room
to
come
to
charge
,
and
to
cut
them
in
pieces
before
they
could
come
to
the
Fort
that
we
kept
;
and
Calonge
has
since
confess'd
to
me
,
that
had
his
counsel
been
follow'd
,
he
should
never
have
dar'd
to
sally
out
,
it
being
not
to
be
done
without
manifest
ruine
,
and
that
consequently
within
ten
dayes
he
must
have
been
necessitated
to
a
surrender
:
Another
prudent
advice
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
rejected
.
but
this
second
advice
was
rejected
as
well
as
the
first
,
through
the
opposition
of
some
who
car'd
not
to
overthrow
the
King's
Affairs
,
provided
they
could
thereby
discredit
the
Duke's
conduct
,
or
traverse
his
designs
.
All
these
over-sights
of
ours
being
taken
notice
of
by
Calonges
,
he
would
no
longer
defer
to
re-possess
himself
of
what
had
been
taken
from
him
;
especially
considering
,
that
he
could
not
otherwise
preserve
the
place
;
to
render
therefore
his
action
more
illustrious
by
the
light
,
and
to
put
a
greater
infamy
upon
our
confusion
,
he
sallied
out
at
high
noon
,
at
the
head
of
five
hundred
Foot
,
seven
and
twenty
Cuirassiers
,
fourteen
Carabins
,
and
two
Trumpets
:
with
which
small
party
he
fell
so
vigorously
upon
the
Fort
,
that
it
was
abandoned
to
him
with
little
or
no
resistance
.
The
noise
of
this
sally
at
so
unexpected
an
hour
,
and
the
place
where
the
action
was
perform●d
(
by
its
height
expos'd
to
the
view
of
the
whole
Army
)
soon
call'd
all
the
King's
Forces
to
the
relief
of
their
Friends
;
insomuch
that
many
Lords
of
very
great
quality
,
and
a
great
number
of
Gentlemen
,
who
hapned
to
be
at
that
time
in
the
King's
Lodgings
,
mounted
upon
little
pad
Nags
,
most
of
them
without
Boots
,
or
other
Arms
than
their
Swords
,
to
signalize
their
Valour
in
the
sight
of
their
Prince
,
who
was
himself
spectator
of
the
Action
.
Of
these
the
Duke
of
Fronsac
,
a
young
Prince
of
great
expectation
was
one
,
the
Duke
of
Montmorency
another
,
the
Marquis
de
Beuuron
,
Hocque●ot
(
Lieutenant
of
the
Gendarmes
to
the
Prince
)
Cambalet
,
Fabregues
,
with
many
other
Gentlemen
of
note
;
of
all
which
not
one
escap'd
,
excepting
the
Duke
of
Montmorency
;
and
he
with
two
thrusts
of
a
Pike
in
his
Breast
:
so
that
this
unfortunate
succour
serving
only
to
augment
our
loss
,
and
to
condemn
those
who
had
contradicted
the
Duke's
opinion
▪
he
receiv'd
,
to
his
great
grief
,
a
publick
reparation
,
which
he
could
have
been
heartily
glad
to
have
fail'd
of
,
rather
than
it
should
have
been
purchas'd
at
the
price
of
so
much
noble
Blood
,
and
so
notable
a
disadvantage
to
the
Royal
Armes
.
Le
Plessis
Baussonniere
,
Mareschal
de
Batta●le
of
the
King's
Armes
,
bravely
fighting
escap'd
in
this
first
occasion
,
though
he
was
therein
desperately
engag'd
:
but
he
was
not
so
fortunate
in
another
that
●ollow'd
soon
after
,
at
the
storming
a
Half-moon
;
where
after
having
given
his
orders
for
the
assault
,
and
put
himself
(
as
his
custom
was
)
in
the
head
of
the
Assailants
,
encouraging
as
well
by
his
example
as
his
voice
those
he
led
on
to
fight
,
he
lost
an
eye
by
a
Musquet-shot
,
which
soon
after
occasion'd
the
loss
of
his
life
.
After
so
much
blood
spilt
,
the
difficulties
of
the
Siege
daily
encreasing
,
the
Duke
de
Rohan
was
glad
to
make
use
of
a
juncture
,
wherein
his
party
had
some
little
advantage
,
to
procure
a
more
favourable
Peace
;
The
Peace
concluded
before
Montpelli●r
.
which
was
accordingly
sign'd
before
Montpellier
the
22
of
October
,
1622.
and
Calonges
surrendred
up
the
place
into
his
Majesties
hands
;
who
if
he
had
by
his
Courage
won
himself
a
great
reputation
in
the
Siege
,
he
obtain'd
no
less
by
his
ingenuity
in
the
handsome
manner
of
his
submission
to
the
King
.
The
day
after
the
Peace
was
concluded
,
the
King
made
his
entry
into
the
City
,
when
after
his
Majesty
had
taken
order
for
the
defense
of
the
Town
,
he
took
the
way
to
Paris
by
Prov●●c●
,
Avignon
,
Dauphiné
,
and
Lionnois
;
so
that
the
Duke
of
Esp●●●on
,
who
never
parted
from
him
in
all
this
Journey
,
attended
his
Majesty
into
his
old
Government
of
Provence
.
There
had
formerly
been
(
as
you
may
have
observ'd
)
various
dispositions
towards
the
Duke
in
that
Countrey
,
as
well
friends
as
enemies
;
but
time
(
which
is
the
sovereign
cure
of
all
untoward
passions
)
had
reconcil'd
them
all
by
this
time
to
one
sense
.
All
Animosities
were
now
converted
into
a
general
esteem
of
his
Vertue
;
insomuch
that
I
have
not
observ'd
him
to
have
a
greater
reputation
in
any
Province
of
the
Kingdom
,
nor
to
be
any
where
receiv'd
with
greater
respect
and
applause
.
All
mischiefs
whether
publick
or
particular
,
occasion'd
by
the
former
War
,
were
buried
in
oblivion
,
and
the
people
,
after
having
seen
the
King
,
enquir'd
aloud
for
the
Duke
of
Espernon
;
which
his
Majesty
taking
notice
of
,
fail'd
not
so
often
as
he
met
a
crowd
upon
the
way
,
to
shew
them
the
Duke
they
were
so
inquisitive
after
,
and
when
asking
them
some
pleasant
questions
,
about
their
past
disorders
,
even
their
former
miseries
were
at
this
time
turn'd
into
delight
.
The
King
at
his
departure
out
of
Provence
,
The
King
returns
towards
Paris
.
pass'd
by
Avignon
,
where
his
Majesty
was
visited
by
the
Duke
of
Savoy
.
This
Prince
seeing
almost
none
of
the
old
Court
,
save
the
Duke
of
Espernon
(
for
whom
he
had
ever
had
a
very
great
esteem
,
though
he
had
been
notably
disappointed
by
him
in
all
his
designs
upon
France
,
as
has
been
said
before
)
was
particularly
,
and
infinitely
civil
to
him
.
He
came
very
frequently
to
his
Lodgings
,
ever
carrying
himself
with
great
familiarity
,
and
very
obliging
fashion
,
living
in
the
King
of
France
his
Court
with
as
much
liberty
and
freedom
,
as
he
had
been
all
the
while
in
his
own
.
His
aspect
,
which
was
gracious
,
open
,
and
full
of
Majesty
,
giving
evidences
(
though
under
a
very
moderate
stature
)
of
the
great
and
generous
soul
he
was
really
master
of
.
From
Auignon
his
Majesty
pass'd
through
Dauphiné
,
where
arriving
about
the
end
of
the
year
,
he
there
found
the
Queens
,
who
by
his
order
were
thither
come
to
attend
him
.
And
here
it
was
that
the
Duke
of
Espernon
receiv'd
a
new
honour
in
the
person
of
the
Marquis
de
la
Valette
his
Son
,
The
King
comes
to
Lyons
,
where
the
Marriage
is
celebrated
betwixt
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
,
and
M●d●moiselle
de
Verneüil
.
and
which
he
preferr'd
,
with
good
reason
,
before
all
the
rest
he
had
hitherto
receiv'd
from
his
Majesties
bounty
.
The
King
had
a
little
before
(
as
you
have
heard
)
honour'd
him
with
the
Government
of
Guienne
,
had
by
his
Grace
and
bounty
establish'd
,
and
confirm'd
him
in
all
the
Offices
,
and
Dignities
,
he
had
been
invested
withal
,
as
the
rewards
of
his
Service
:
but
now
for
the
Crown
of
all
his
Favours
,
the
King
would
yet
honour
him
with
his
Alliance
,
and
make
him
Father-in-law
to
Gabrielle
a
legitimated
Daughter
of
France
,
one
of
his
own
natural
Sisters
,
being
Daughter
to
Henry
the
Great
,
by
the
Marquise
de
Verneüil
,
and
half
Sister
to
Monsieur
de
Metz.
This
young
Princess
exceeding
fair
,
and
as
finely
bred
as
any
person
of
her
condition
in
the
Kingdom
,
had
been
the
ambition
of
most
of
the
great
men
of
the
Court
:
but
the
Duke
of
Espernon
was
preferr'd
before
all
.
The
Queens
had
brought
her
along
with
them
to
Lyons
,
and
her
inclination
,
as
well
as
her
duty
,
having
ty'd
her
particularly
to
the
Queen
,
the
excellency
of
her
Wit
,
and
Nature
,
the
most
acceptable
,
the
sweetest
,
and
most
accomplish'd
of
her
time
,
having
acquir'd
her
a
very
good
share
in
this
Princess
affection
,
she
stood
do●btless
at
that
time
possess'd
of
the
highest
place
in
her
Majesties
favour
.
So
many
advantageous
conditions
,
and
so
many
admirable
qualities
having
rendred
this
Lady
one
of
the
most
considerable
matches
in
France
,
his
Majesty
would
yet
make
her
overweight
,
by
giving
her
himself
two
hundred
thousand
Crowns
in
Dowry
;
assigning
her
the
County
of
Senlis
(
a
Member
of
his
Crown
Lands
)
to
enter
upon
for
payment
of
part
of
the
summe
;
to
which
the
Marquise
de
Verneüil
her
Mother
added
a
hundred
thousand
more
.
The
Ceremony
of
this
Marriage
was
perform'd
in
the
Marquis
de
Saint-C●aumont's
House
,
the
Kings
Lieutenant
in
the
Government
of
Lionnois
;
but
the
Magnificences
at
the
Duke
's
own
Lodgings
,
where
the
Feast
was
honour'd
with
the
presence
of
the
King
,
both
the
Queens
,
and
all
the
great
persons
of
the
Court.
From
such
an
illustrious
Marriage
what
could
be
expected
less
than
what
we
now
see
?
a
Son
,
and
a
Daughter
Inheritors
of
their
Mothers
Vertue
,
and
good
Qualities
,
as
imitators
of
the
Fathers
,
and
Grandfathers
Bravery
,
and
Wisdom
;
whose
youth
is
in
so
great
esteem
with
all
the
Court
,
that
if
the
Courage
,
and
Merit
of
the
Son
(
which
have
already
been
●ignaliz'd
in
many
honourable
occasions
)
have
got
him
a
reputation
throughout
all
France
;
the
Daughter
(
who
was
nothing
inferiour
in
all
the
qualities
becoming
her
Sex
)
has
obtain'd
an
equal
share
of
opinion
with
all
that
knew
her
:
but
the
world
was
unworthy
to
possess
her
long
,
and
the
Solitude
she
made
choice
of
amongst
the
Carmelites
has
manifested
to
us
,
that
nothing
but
God
alone
could
be
the
object
of
so
elevated
a
mind
,
and
so
devout
a
spirit
.
The
end
of
the
Second
Part.
THE
HISTORY
OF
THE
LIFE
OF
THE
Duke
of
ESPERNON
,
THE
GREAT
FAVOURITE
OF
FRANCE
.
ENGLISHED
BY
CHARLES
COTTON
,
Esq
The
Third
Part.
Vivos
interdum
Fortuna
,
saepe
invidia
,
fatigat
:
ubi
anima
Naturae
cessit
,
demptis
obtrectationibus
ipsa
se
Virtus
,
magis
,
magisque
extollit
.
Salust
.
de
Rep.
ord.
Orat.
2.
LONDON
,
Printed
for
Henry
Brome
,
MDCLXX
.
THE
HISTORY
Of
the
LIFE
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
THE
THIRD
PART
.
The
Ninth
Book
.
WE
are
now
entring
upon
the
third
,
Anno
1623.
and
last
part
of
the
life
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
;
and
if
in
the
preceding
two
you
have
met
with
great
Actions
,
you
will
meet
no
fewer
here
,
though
perhaps
not
altogether
so
shining
as
the
first
.
He
had
much
to
do
,
and
no
little
to
suffer
;
his
Government
of
a
vast
extent
,
and
fruitful
in
Novelty
,
would
never
suffer
him
to
be
long
at
rest
;
and
the
hatred
of
the
great
Minister
Cardinal
Richelieu
gave
him
now
occasion
as
amply
to
manifest
his
constancy
,
as
he
had
before
in
more
favourable
occurrences
manifested
his
other
Vertues
;
as
you
shall
see
in
the
pursuit
of
his
History
.
Soon
after
the
accomplishment
of
the
Marriage
of
his
Son
the
Marquis
de
la
Valette
,
their
Majesties
took
their
way
towasds
Paris
;
when
the
Duke
of
Espernon
having
left
the
new
married
couple
,
together
with
his
Son
the
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
,
to
attend
the
Court
,
took
his
leave
of
the
King
,
to
retire
into
his
own
Government
.
In
which
Journey
it
was
necessary
for
him
to
pass
through
Angoumois
,
The
D●ke
of
Espernon
,
goes
●owards
Guienne
.
to
take
order
for
the
transportation
of
his
Furniture
,
Arms
,
and
Equipage
,
in
the
Castle
of
Angoulesme
;
which
he
had
there
in
so
great
quantity
,
as
requir'd
no
little
time
,
nor
no
few
hands
to
remove
them
:
though
he
found
it
a
greater
trouble
to
part
with
the
Friends
and
Servants
he
had
in
that
Countrey
;
it
being
hardly
possible
to
see
in
any
particular
Family
,
upon
the
saddest
occasion
,
so
many
real
tears
,
as
were
shed
by
the
people
in
general
at
this
separation
.
From
Angoulesme
he
went
to
Coignac
,
and
from
thence
to
Xaintes
,
which
was
yet
one
of
the
principal
Cities
of
his
Government
,
and
where
he
had
too
dear
a
concern
not
to
give
her
a
visit
before
his
departure
.
And
this
was
Marguarite
de
Foix
,
Abbess
of
Xaintes
,
a
Virgin
illustrious
for
her
Sanctity
,
and
Vertue
,
and
in
so
great
a
●epute
amongst
the
Sisters
of
her
Order
,
tha●
he
●example
serves
to
this
day
for
a
Model
to
all
those
who
aim
at
perfection
in
that
way
of
devout
living
.
The
Duke
,
before
he
departed
from
this
place
,
would
first
return
an
answer
to
a
Letter
he
had
receiv'd
a
few
days
before
from
Marc
Antonie
de
Gourgues
,
first
President
of
the
Parliament
of
Bordeaux
.
The
Father
of
this
man
had
had
several
very
profitable
employments
under
the
Mareschal
de
Matignon
,
The
begi●ning
of
the
ill
intelligence
betwixt
the
Duke
,
and
the
first
President
de
Go●rgues
.
in
the
time
of
his
being
the
King's
Lieutenant
General
in
Guienne
,
which
had
enrich'd
him
so
,
as
that
he
had
provided
very
plentifully
for
his
posterity
;
of
which
this
Marc
Antonie
being
his
eldest
Son
,
he
had
by
the
help
of
the
wealth
his
Father
left
him
,
advanc'd
himself
to
some
publick
employments
,
and
being
a
man
of
notable
wit
,
and
understanding
,
his
parts
,
together
with
his
fortune
,
recommended
him
so
as
to
be
receiv'd
into
the
Family
of
Seguieres
,
a
Daughter
of
which
he
married
,
Sister
to
the
Chancellor
of
France
now
being
,
who
in
those
days
went
by
the
name
of
Autry
;
and
in
the
end
through
the
interest
of
his
Wives
Relations
was
preferr'd
to
the
Dignity
of
first
President
in
his
Countrey
.
This
Gourgues
in
the
time
of
his
being
at
Court
had
made
great
professions
of
particular
honour
and
service
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
who
also
either
out
of
respect
to
his
Allies
,
or
to
himself
,
had
given
him
reciprocal
testimonies
of
no
ordinary
affection
:
So
that
this
kindness
having
pass'd
beforehand
betwixt
them
,
the
Duke
expected
that
at
his
coming
into
his
Government
,
he
should
meet
with
a
sincere
friend
at
the
head
of
the
most
illustrious
Body
of
the
Province
,
whose
mediation
in
occurrences
,
that
might
happen
,
would
be
able
to
qualifie
many
little
discontents
,
that
the
jealousie
of
Authority
usually
begets
in
great
Commands
:
but
at
the
sight
of
this
first
Letter
he
was
of
a
contrary
opinion
,
Which
begets
that
betwixt
the
Duke
and
the
Parliament
.
from
which
those
divisions
sprung
betwixt
him
and
the
Parliament
,
that
hardly
ended
,
but
with
the
Duke's
death
;
though
they
were
begun
even
before
he
was
receiv'd
into
his
Administration
.
The
Letter
of
which
I
am
speaking
,
after
having
treated
of
some
Affairs
of
little
importance
,
that
respected
the
general
concern
of
the
Province
,
gave
the
Duke
at
last
plainly
to
understand
:
That
a
difficulty
having
been
started
in
the
Parliament
about
the
manner
of
his
reception
,
they
had
determin'd
to
moderate
the
excessive
honours
had
formerly
been
paid
to
the
Sons
of
France
,
or
the
first
Princes
of
the
Blood
,
who
had
been
Governours
of
the
Province
,
in
going
to
receive
them
in
their
Scarlet
Robes
;
a
punctilio
that
though
it
was
true
,
it
had
been
wav'd
in
deference
to
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
,
it
had
nevertheless
been
done
meerly
out
of
respect
to
the
high
favour
wherein
he
was
,
when
advanc'd
to
the
Government
of
Guienne
:
but
that
at
this
time
they
were
resolv'd
to
be
more
reserv'd
.
I
never
in
my
life
saw
the
Duke
more
surpriz'd
,
than
at
this
news
,
who
,
jealous
of
his
Honour
and
Dignity
to
the
highest
degree
,
would
rather
never
have
enter'd
Bordeaux
,
than
to
suffer
the
least
diminution
of
what
had
been
granted
to
the
Duke
of
Mayenne
.
He
therefore
return'd
an
answer
to
this
Letter
,
dated
the
27.
of
Ianuary
1623.
wherein
after
having
briefly
answer'd
what
concern'd
the
general
Affairs
,
he
insisted
with
great
vehemency
upon
the
denial
of
those
honours
had
been
paid
to
his
Predecessor
;
telling
him
amongst
other
things
:
That
if
they
had
never
appear'd
in
their
Scarlet
Robes
,
but
in
honour
of
the
Sons
of
France
,
or
the
Princes
of
the
Blood
,
he
so
well
understood
the
respect
due
to
them
,
as
they
were
in
a
capacity
of
succeeding
to
the
Crown
,
as
not
to
desire
a
new
example
in
his
favour
;
but
that
he
had
not
the
same
consideration
for
others
.
The
whole
Letter
being
writ
with
his
own
hand
,
he
commanded
me
to
take
a
Copy
of
it
,
from
whence
I
have
taken
the
very
words
I
present
you
here
.
The
Duke
,
not
yet
satisfied
with
delivering
his
sense
of
this
Affair
in
writing
,
would
moreover
dispatch
away
Constantin
the
Comptroller
of
his
House
to
Bordeaux
to
communicate
his
resolution
to
several
Members
of
that
Parliament
,
who
were
his
particular
friends
;
wherein
he
succeeded
according
to
his
own
desire
,
and
his
reception
was
concluded
in
the
same
form
his
Predecessors
had
been
receiv'd
,
some
of
the
Company
totally
disowning
all
the
first
President
had
writ
concerning
this
business
:
by
which
the
Duke
having
just
reason
to
believe
him
the
Author
of
this
scruple
,
he
conceiv'd
he
had
a
mind
to
oblige
the
Society
at
the
price
of
his
Friends
Honour
:
so
that
being
offended
to
the
last
degree
,
that
he
should
so
much
as
bring
a
thing
into
dispute
,
that
was
his
apparent
due
;
he
from
thenceforward
entertain'd
very
sinister
impressions
of
his
friendship
:
neither
was
it
long
before
he
made
him
sensible
of
it
.
Whilst
these
things
were
in
agitation
,
The
Duke
arrives
in
Guienne
.
the
Duke
was
still
advancing
towards
Cadillac
,
where
he
intended
at
leisure
,
from
the
Parliaments
proceedings
to
take
his
measures
,
what
he
was
to
do
about
his
entry
into
Bordeaux
.
He
was
here
visited
by
all
the
Nobility
of
the
Province
,
by
several
of
the
Parliament
men
in
particular
,
and
by
an
infinite
conflux
of
Gentry
,
who
came
to
attend
him
at
his
entry
,
which
was
concluded
to
be
upon
the
last
of
February
1623.
Whilst
he
here
waited
in
expectation
of
the
appointed
day
,
he
dispos'd
of
the
Governments
of
those
places
committed
to
his
charge
;
whereof
that
of
Chasteau-Trompette
was
given
to
Plessis
,
Nerac
to
the
Count
de
Maillé
but
Bergerac
,
which
was
a
command
of
the
greatest
profit
,
and
the
most
important
place
,
was
put
into
the
hands
of
the
Chevalier
de
la
Valette
,
the
Duke
's
natural
Son
,
who
by
his
bravery
had
infinitely
gain'd
upon
his
love
and
opinion
.
The
King
had
besides
these
places
,
moreover
assign'd
him
two
Regiments
in
constant
pay
,
viz.
That
of
the
said
Chevalier
de
la
Valette
,
and
that
of
Castelbayart
,
together
with
his
Company
of
Gens-d'Armes
;
so
that
his
Authority
supported
by
these
Forces
,
was
much
more
considerable
,
than
any
of
his
Predecessors
had
ever
been
.
The
Duke
,
The
Duke's
reception
at
Bordea●x
.
having
thus
settled
the
Governments
of
these
places
,
would
now
no
longer
defer
his
entry
,
but
came
to
Frans
,
a
house
belonging
to
a
private
Gentleman
,
about
half
a
League
only
distant
from
the
City
,
and
upon
the
Banks
of
the
River
Garonne
;
where
the
[
](A42794-e75690-b)*
*
Iura●s
de
Bordeaux
are
the
same
with
the
Sheriff●
in
other
C●ties
Iurates
of
Bordeaux
came
to
receive
him
in
a
Boat
they
had
prepar'd
for
that
purpose
.
He
was
by
them
convey'd
by
water
to
a
place
call'd
Port
du
Caillau
,
where
he
was
met
without
the
Gate
,
by
all
the
Companies
of
the
Town
,
excepting
the
Parliament
,
who
in
their
Scarlet
Robes
receiv'd
him
at
the
entry
of
the
City
.
I
shall
not
here
undertake
to
describe
every
circumstance
of
this
Ceremony
,
nor
the
Magnificence
,
respect
,
or
applause
observable
in
the
solemnity
of
this
reception
;
it
being
sufficient
to
say
,
that
therein
nothing
was
omitted
,
or
diminished
of
what
had
formerly
been
paid
to
his
illustrious
Predecessors
,
and
that
the
old
affection
,
both
the
City
,
and
Province
had
for
his
Person
,
and
Name
,
produc'd
a
greater
,
and
more
general
joy
at
his
arrival
,
than
had
amongst
that
great
people
been
observ'd
of
many
years
before
.
There
was
only
the
Mareschal
de
Themines
,
A
difference
betwixt
the
Duke
,
and
the
Mareschal
de
Themines
,
the
Kings
Lieutenant
in
Guienne
.
the
King's
Lieutenant
in
the
Province
,
who
neither
paid
him
honour
,
nor
civility
,
either
by
Letter
,
or
Visit
,
a
man
,
who
although
he
had
ever
till
this
time
had
the
Duke's
person
,
and
friendship
in
very
high
esteem
;
yet
having
been
constituted
the
King's
Lieutenant
in
that
Province
,
sometime
before
the
Duke
was
promoted
to
the
Government
,
he
could
not
without
infinite
impatience
see
himself
absolutely
depriv'd
of
all
the
functions
of
his
Command
.
He
knew
very
well
the
Duke
would
be
so
active
on
his
part
,
that
very
little
would
be
left
for
him
to
do
;
whereas
he
pretended
this
Lieutenancy
had
been
conferr'd
upon
him
with
a
promise
,
that
if
a
Governour
should
happen
to
be
set
over
him
,
it
should
be
no
other
than
a
Prince
of
the
Blood
,
who
should
never
continue
upon
the
place
,
and
that
consequently
,
by
his
absence
,
would
leave
him
the
absolute
command
of
the
Province
:
and
in
truth
the
Mareschals
,
de
Matignon
,
and
d'
Ornano
,
had
formerly
enjoy'd
it
after
that
manner
:
so
that
the
seeing
himself
by
this
usage
defeated
of
that
expectation
,
was
,
as
he
himself
declar'd
,
the
subject
of
his
discontent
.
The
Duke
was
very
much
surpriz'd
at
this
proceeding
;
he
had
,
as
there
was
just
cause
,
ever
had
the
Mareschal
in
very
high
esteem
,
and
could
have
been
glad
he
would
by
gentle
means
have
been
reconcil'd
to
his
duty
,
that
he
might
not
have
been
oblig'd
to
make
use
of
those
remedies
the
authority
of
his
Command
put
into
his
hands
:
which
that
he
might
not
do
,
he
consented
that
some
who
were
friends
to
them
both
should
treat
with
him
about
a
better
understanding
betwixt
them
;
he
being
unwilling
,
what
provocation
soever
he
had
,
to
have
recourse
to
violence
:
wherein
perhaps
he
was
more
temperate
,
than
ever
in
his
life
before
:
but
in
the
end
,
seeing
his
patience
serv'd
only
to
make
the
Mareschal
more
obstinate
in
his
unkindness
,
laying
aside
all
those
considerations
that
had
hitherto
withheld
him
,
he
would
no
longer
defer
to
make
him
sensible
of
the
difference
betwixt
a
Governour
and
a
Lieutenant
of
Guienne
.
He
therefore
began
imperiously
to
cancel
and
overthrow
all
his
Orders
.
A
Consul
of
Agen
,
who
had
been
created
so
at
his
recommendation
,
was
displac'd
by
the
Duke's
command
,
for
no
other
reason
,
but
because
he
had
been
preferr'd
at
his
request
;
such
of
the
Gentry
,
or
the
People
,
as
were
known
to
be
affectionate
to
the
Mareschal
were
certain
to
obtain
little
favour
with
the
Governour
:
if
any
order
was
presented
him
sign'd
by
the
Mareschal
,
he
would
presently
issue
out
another
to
supersede
the
first
;
whatever
carried
the
name
of
Themines
,
was
invalid
,
and
whatever
he
own'd
as
his
act
must
signifie
nothing
at
all
.
And
moreover
to
let
him
see
he
had
the
same
Authority
over
him
in
his
own
particular
Countrey
,
he
had
in
other
places
;
the
Duke
prepar'd
himself
to
go
to
Cahors
,
whither
the
Mareschal
was
retir'd
,
and
accordingly
went
.
The
Mareschal's
House
stood
near
this
City
,
he
was
moreover
invested
with
the
[
](A42794-e75930-b)*
*
Or
chief
Jurisdiction
.
Seneschalsy
of
the
Countrey
,
his
chiefest
Relations
,
Friends
,
and
Acquiantance
inhabited
there
:
notwithstanding
all
which
,
at
the
Duke's
arrival
the
Mareschal
quitted
him
the
place
,
and
retir'd
to
his
own
house
;
where
seeing
himself
as
it
were
shut
up
,
without
Reputation
,
without
Authority
,
and
almost
without
Friends
,
he
began
,
though
something
with
the
latest
,
to
see
the
error
he
had
committed
.
He
then
plainly
saw
himself
so
overmatch'd
,
that
he
could
not
contend
,
but
to
his
ruine
;
nor
longer
stand
out
to
other
purpose
,
than
thereby
to
make
the
advantages
of
his
Superior
more
manifestly
appear
;
and
then
it
was
that
he
rendred
himself
more
facile
to
his
friends
perswasions
,
who
had
before
been
fruitlesly
importunate
with
him
,
to
reconcile
himself
to
his
Duty
,
to
acknowledge
the
Duke's
Authority
,
and
to
seek
his
friendship
.
He
therefore
sent
to
the
Duke
to
make
an
Apology
for
what
had
pass'd
,
and
to
let
him
know
,
that
if
he
had
hitherto
fail'd
of
paying
the
respect
due
to
his
Quality
,
and
Command
,
it
had
not
proceeded
from
any
dislike
he
had
of
his
person
,
which
he
had
in
as
high
reverence
,
and
esteem
,
as
any
man
living
;
and
that
he
should
have
look'd
upon
it
as
a
very
great
honour
to
obey
him
,
had
not
the
sweetness
of
some
years
Authority
wherein
he
had
commanded
in
Chief
,
and
the
assurances
had
been
given
him
he
should
do
so
still
,
blinded
his
Judgment
from
seeing
his
duty
:
That
he
did
therefore
beseech
him
,
he
might
be
permitted
to
come
tender
his
excuses
for
what
had
pass'd
,
and
to
assure
him
of
his
obedience
for
the
time
to
come
.
The
Duke
was
very
well
pleas'd
to
find
to
this
Lord
,
a
man
full
of
years
,
and
honour
,
in
so
good
a
disposition
;
neither
had
he
begun
to
justle
him
,
till
after
having
expected
the
return
of
his
good
humour
with
the
extremest
patience
;
so
that
he
sent
him
word
he
should
be
infinitely
glad
to
see
him
,
An
Accommodation
betwixt
the
Duke
and
the
Mareschal
Themines
.
and
that
he
might
be
confident
for
the
future
of
as
civil
usage
,
as
he
had
hitherto
found
rough
,
and
perverse
dealing
in
the
exercise
of
his
Command
.
A
day
for
their
interview
being
agreed
upon
by
their
friends
,
the
Duke
would
by
no
means
suffer
it
to
be
in
the
Capital
City
of
his
Government
,
being
unwilling
to
expose
the
Age
,
and
Person
of
the
Mareschal
to
so
publick
a
satisfaction
;
but
appointed
it
to
be
at
Saint-Foy
,
whither
he
himself
accordingly
came
,
accompanied
with
many
persons
of
Quality
of
the
Province
;
thither
the
Mareschal
also
came
to
wait
upon
him
,
when
coming
into
the
Duke's
Lodgings
,
he
receiv'd
him
without
stirring
out
of
his
Chamber
,
for
which
he
made
his
being
surpriz'd
at
Play
his
excuse
.
It
had
been
concluded
that
the
Mareschal
at
their
meeting
should
say
(
as
he
did
)
My
Lord
,
I
am
yo●r
very
humble
Servant
,
and
am
come
to
give
you
an
assurance
that
I
am
so
,
and
that
I
shall
be
proud
of
any
opportunity
●herein
I
may
by
a
better
testimony
manifest
it
to
you
,
and
therein
satisfie
the
King's
Command
,
and
my
own
Duty
.
To
which
the
Duke
return'd
for
answer
in
as
few
words
,
which
had
also
been
set
down
in
writing
:
Sir
,
you
oblige
me
with
your
Friendship
;
you
and
I
are
both
of
us
in
a
capacity
of
advancing
his
Majesties
Service
in
this
Province
;
I
shall
gladly
concur
with
you
in
any
thing
that
may
be
conducing
to
it
,
and
embrace
any
occasion
wherein
I
may
let
you
see
,
that
I
have
ever
had
an
esteem
for
your
Valour
,
and
Merit
,
and
that
I
am
your
Servant
.
This
first
visit
continued
but
very
little
longer
,
when
the
Mareschal
taking
his
leave
,
the
Duke
brought
him
only
to
the
top
of
the
●tairs
,
without
going
any
further
,
by
which
he
would
let
him
see
,
that
he
both
understood
his
place
,
and
knew
how
to
keep
it
.
The
Mareschal
,
having
after
this
first
complement
,
continued
two
days
at
Saint-Foy
in
perfect
intelligence
with
the
Duke
,
at
last
frankly
told
him
:
That
he
had
us'd
him
according
to
his
desert
;
that
he
had
made
●im
know
his
duty
;
and
that
he
took
it
for
a
greater
honour
to
be
subservient
to
him
,
than
to
any
other
person
of
France
.
And
in
truth
he
afterwards
continued
,
both
whilst
he
staid
in
the
Government
,
and
when
he
was
made
Governour
of
Brittany
(
which
hapned
a
few
years
after
)
to
render
him
so
much
honour
,
and
respect
,
and
to
give
him
so
many
testimonies
of
friendship
,
that
I
do
not
think
the
Duke
had
a
truer
friend
in
the
Kingdom
:
Yet
did
not
all
this
pass
in
the
order
it
is
here
set
down
,
there
having
been
some
years
of
interval
,
betwixt
their
coldness
,
and
their
reconciliation
:
But
I
chose
rather
to
record
these
passages
all
together
,
than
to
disperse
them
into
several
pages
of
my
History
;
conceiving
such
a
division
would
more
have
intangled
the
thred
of
my
discourse
,
than
would
have
been
recompens'd
by
the
order
,
in
a
more
exact
observation
of
the
succession
of
time
.
This
Quarrel
with
the
Mareschal
de
Themines
was
not
yet
compos'd
,
The
Duke
co●es
to
a●
open
rup●●re
with
the
first
President
.
when
the
Duke
(
who
had
never
enough
to
do
)
resolv'd
to
come
to
an
open
rupture
with
the
first
President
de
Gourgues
,
without
dissembling
any
longer
his
resentment
of
the
ill
Offices
he
had
receiv'd
at
his
hands
.
I
have
already
given
an
accompt
of
the
Injury
,
which
was
the
Presidents
proposing
a
diminution
of
Honours
at
the
Duke's
reception
;
a
thing
that
,
bearing
with
it
a
shew
of
contempt
,
pass'd
in
the
Duke's
opinion
for
an
irreparable
offense
.
Neither
could
he
forbear
at
his
first
visit
,
to
give
him
some
hints
of
his
displeasure
,
nor
from
manifesting
a
little
reservedness
towards
him
:
and
(
as
heated
spirits
never
want
occasion
of
new
offense
)
his
passion
making
the
lightest
pretenses
,
to
pass
for
reason
,
and
just
causes
,
there
soon
after
fell
out
new
accidents
,
which
animated
the
Duke
against
the
first
President
to
the
last
degree
.
This
man
▪
subtle
and
dextrous
as
the
best
,
very
well
foreseeing
,
that
without
the
concurrence
of
his
Brethren
,
he
should
never
be
able
to
withstand
the
power
of
the
Duke
he
had
so
highly
provok'd
,
Who
engages
the
company
in
●is
quarrel
.
began
betimes
to
think
of
interesting
his
Fraternity
in
the
Quarrel
,
to
the
end
that
under
the
protection
of
the
whole
Body
,
he
might
the
better
defend
his
own
particular
interest
.
Neither
did
he
herein
fail
to
use
some
artifice
,
which
he
manag'd
so
,
that
in
putting
finister
interpretations
upon
the
Duke's
best
intentions
,
he
possess'd
the
whole
Company
with
a
jealousie
,
that
the
Duke
labour'd
to
encroach
upon
the
Authority
of
their
Estate
:
A
part
wherein
all
Societies
of
men
are
so
sensible
,
and
tender
,
as
that
from
the
least
shadows
,
the
highest
divisions
are
very
frequently
observ'd
to
arise
.
And
here
,
though
the
Duke
labour'd
to
clear
their
suspicion
,
by
laying
the
truth
before
them
;
yet
the
first
impressions
were
so
deep
,
and
the
President
knew
so
well
how
to
manage
their
mis-apprehension
,
that
it
was
impossible
to
dis-unite
him
from
his
Colleagues
.
The
Duke
exasperated
,
as
he
had
just
cause
,
at
the
mis-understanding
Gourgues
fomented
betwixt
the
Parliament
and
him
,
would
not
give
him
altogether
the
advantage
of
an
Aggressor
;
but
speedily
sought
out
all
occasions
to
vex
him
,
and
to
assault
him
both
in
his
Reputation
and
Fortune
.
He
was
therefore
by
his
order
disputed
with
about
some
priviledges
,
he
pretended
to
,
and
usurp'd
(
as
was
said
)
to
the
prejudice
of
the
City
of
Libourne
,
near
unto
which
he
had
a
dwelling
house
:
but
he
gave
him
a
more
sensible
blow
,
by
prohibiting
the
Post-Master
of
Bordeaux
in
his
absence
any
more
to
carry
the
Couriers
,
that
came
through
the
City
,
to
the
first
Presidents
house
,
though
for
some
time
it
had
been
their
custom
so
to
do
;
pretending
that
it
was
without
any
right
at
all
,
and
that
consequently
he
might
by
his
Authority
overthrow
that
custom
,
as
a
new
thing
,
and
that
depended
absolutely
upon
his
Command
.
It
is
most
certain
,
that
had
matters
rested
here
,
the
President
would
have
receiv'd
a
notable
affront
;
his
most
intimate
friends
having
generally
blam'd
him
,
for
applying
himself
much
more
to
Politick
,
than
to
Judicial
Affairs
,
and
for
that
by
doing
more
,
than
he
was
concern'd
to
do
in
the
one
,
he
left
himself
no
leisure
to
perform
what
he
was
oblig'd
to
do
in
the
other
.
The
first
President
being
a
crafty
man
,
as
has
been
said
,
dextrously
taking
hold
of
this
occasion
,
as
suddenly
remonstrated
to
the
Company
:
That
if
in
this
Affair
,
as
in
the
other
of
Libourne
,
there
had
been
nothing
,
but
what
pointed
at
his
own
private
interest
,
he
should
not
have
been
concern'd
in
the
least
;
but
that
it
aim'd
directly
at
the
honour
,
and
dignity
of
the
whole
Body
,
of
which
he
was
much
more
tender
,
than
of
any
concern
of
his
own
.
That
the
dispatch
of
the
Posts
did
no
more
respect
him
in
particular
,
than
the
other
Officers
of
Parliament
,
he
having
therein
only
the
priviledge
of
priority
,
without
having
any
power
limited
to
his
person
:
That
in
his
absence
,
he
who
was
next
in
order
in
the
Company
,
had
the
same
right
to
examine
the
Couriers
,
to
enquire
of
their
new●
,
and
●o
dismiss
them
:
That
therefore
since
the
Injury
was
common
to
them
all
,
and
that
the
Duke
made
it
manifest
enough
,
he
endeavour'd
to
destroy
the
Authority
of
Parliament
,
it
was
necessary
they
should
unanimously
concur
with
him
in
the
support
of
their
own
Dignity
and
Power
:
That
if
they
did
not
vigorously
oppose
this
first
attempt
upon
them
,
they
would
see
themselves
insensibly
depriv'd
of
all
their
Priviledges
;
and
that
the
Sovereign
Authority
,
they
were
invested
withal
,
would
in
the
end
be
less
considerable
,
than
that
of
their
subalternate
Judges
:
That
though
in
this
Affair
he
was
meerly
animated
by
the
common
interest
,
he
nevertheless
freely
offer'd
himself
alone
,
to
stand
the
shock
of
the
Duke
's
utmost
Indignation
;
wherein
though
he
should
perish
,
and
be
crush'd
under
the
weight
of
his
Power
,
he
should
nevertheless
be
proud
of
so
glorious
a
Fate
,
as
to
be
sacrific'd
for
the
honour
of
that
Assembly
.
It
is
not
to
be
imagin'd
how
strange
an
impression
this
Harangue
made
upon
the
minds
of
this
Fraternity
,
the
whole
body
almost
being
thereby
betray'd
into
the
Animosity
of
their
head
,
some
few
only
of
the
eldest
,
and
most
affectionate
to
the
Duke
,
endeavour'd
to
qualifie
the
heat
of
this
dispute
,
but
in
vain
;
it
being
impossible
for
them
to
stop
the
violence
of
the
Torrent
:
so
that
the
Duke
,
who
thought
he
had
only
one
enemy
to
deal
withal
,
found
above
an
hundred
rais'd
up
in
mutiny
against
him
.
Nay
their
impatience
was
such
,
that
they
would
not
defer
a
moment
the
passing
of
an
Act
,
at
that
very
sitting
,
in
opposition
to
the
command
he
had
given
concerning
the
Couriers
:
it
is
indeed
true
,
that
there
was
after
some
propositions
of
Accommodation
tendred
:
but
after
this
Thunder-clap
from
the
Parliament
,
the
Duke
was
deaf
to
all
overtures
of
agreement
,
his
invincible
spirit
,
that
had
ever
been
inflexible
in
all
the
undertakings
of
his
life
,
suggesting
to
him
,
that
it
would
be
an
eternal
blemish
to
his
honour
,
should
he
in
the
least
moderate
his
first
resentment
,
for
all
the
great
number
of
enemies
that
were
declar'd
against
him
.
The
beginnings
of
this
Feud
were
so
light
,
and
trivial
in
themselves
,
that
I
should
not
have
been
so
particular
in
the
relation
of
them
,
had
they
not
brought
on
those
greater
disputes
,
that
since
hapned
betwixt
the
Duke
,
and
this
Parliament
:
and
this
is
so
unwilling
a
Record
,
that
I
could
heartily
wish
all
that
is
further
to
be
said
of
this
Affair
,
might
be
totally
raz'd
out
of
the
Duke's
life
,
that
the
memory
thereof
might
for
ever
be
extinct
.
Neither
the
Parliament
,
nor
he
got
any
advantage
by
it
:
the
publick
was
the
greatest
loser
,
as
it
will
ever
fall
out
in
such
dissentions
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon's
mind
was
not
so
wholly
taken
up
with
these
divisions
,
The
Duke
settles
his
Domestick
Affairs
.
but
that
he
had
a
care
of
the
settlement
of
his
own
Domestick
Affairs
,
which
the
Queen
Mothers
escape
from
Blois
,
the
War
that
succeeded
,
the
several
expeditions
he
afterterwards
undertook
for
the
King's
Service
,
and
his
chargeable
Journeys
whilst
he
attended
the
Court
,
had
brought
into
very
great
disorder
.
He
was
at
this
time
above
seven
hundred
thousand
Livers
in
debt
,
that
he
had
taken
up
at
Paris
upon
a
Rent-Charge
;
which
one
of
his
Domesticks
,
that
had
been
brought
up
in
his
Family
,
undertook
to
acquit
him
of
,
shew'd
him
which
way
it
was
to
be
done
,
and
perform'd
what
he
had
undetaken
:
and
this
was
the
foremention'd
Constantin
,
Comptroller
of
his
House
;
who
as
he
could
by
no
better
way
express
his
Gratitude
to
his
Benefactor
,
than
by
doing
him
so
important
a
piece
of
Service
,
he
,
without
any
visible
diminution
of
the
Duke
's
ordinary
way
of
living
,
manag'd
the
business
so
,
that
his
Master
in
a
few
years
had
the
satisfaction
of
seeing
himself
disingag'd
from
that
prodigious
Debt
Which
,
as
I
have
said
,
was
effected
without
any
other
inconvenience
than
the
retrenchment
of
some
superfluous
expenses
only
(
which
his
distance
from
the
Court
(
where
he
was
resolv'd
no
more
to
reside
)
rendred
altogether
unnecessary
.
So
great
a
blessing
is
an
intelligent
,
and
faithful
Servant
.
But
to
establish
the
order
which
for
the
future
was
to
be
observ'd
in
reference
to
this
work
,
the
Duke
was
upon
the
matter
oblig'd
to
make
a
Journey
to
Paris
,
to
examine
the
Accompts
of
his
Agents
there
;
he
therefore
sent
to
the
King
to
entreat
his
Majesty
,
whilst
the
peace
of
the
Kingdom
,
and
the
good
condition
he
had
settled
his
Government
in
,
rendred
his
presence
less
necessary
there
,
to
give
him
leave
so
to
do
.
His
request
was
easily
granted
,
and
he
accordingly
departed
from
Bordeaux
in
the
latter
end
of
November
1623.
The
Duke
of
Esp●rnon
goes
to
Court
.
and
came
to
Paris
about
the
end
of
December
following
.
Some
have
suppos'd
he
did
not
so
much
desire
this
Journey
,
for
any
thing
that
concern'd
his
Domestick
Affairs
,
as
to
see
if
any
benefit
was
to
be
made
of
the
Queen
Mothers
good
inclinations
towards
him
,
and
to
try
the
grateful
return
she
made
him
to
expect
for
the
signal
Services
he
had
done
her
in
the
time
of
her
disgrace
.
She
was
of
late
years
become
all
in
all
at
Court
,
and
many
of
her
Servants
,
that
had
not
so
well
merited
from
her
,
as
the
Duke
had
done
,
had
receiv'd
very
great
rewards
:
but
he
could
not
perceive
the
same
dispositions
towards
him
,
nor
discover
the
gratitude
she
had
promis'd
him
,
when
she
was
in
the
worst
condition
to
express
it
:
on
the
contrary
,
as
if
with
her
Fortune
she
had
chang'd
her
Nature
,
and
as
if
by
being
become
happy
,
and
powerful
,
she
had
been
no
more
the
same
Princess
the
Duke
had
so
well
serv'd
,
when
she
was
under
persecution
,
and
had
no
power
at
all
:
she
no
more
remembred
him
,
she
was
oblig'd
to
have
recompens'd
,
by
all
sorts
of
benefit
and
favour
.
The
Duke
came
to
Paris
so
well
attended
,
that
of
many
years
before
,
there
had
not
been
seen
any
person
of
his
condition
enter
the
City
with
so
numerous
a
Train
.
Arrives
at
Paris
.
Many
persons
of
very
eminent
quality
went
out
as
far
as
Chastre
to
meet
him
,
and
his
coming
was
very
remarkable
by
the
solitude
was
observ'd
in
the
Louvre
,
where
there
scarce
remain'd
any
,
save
the
King
's
own
Domestick
Servants
:
A
thing
his
Majesty
very
well
observ'd
,
and
was
nothing
displeas'd
at
it
:
but
on
the
contrary
,
having
that
day
taken
notice
of
some
Gentlemen
in
the
Presence
,
who
had
dependence
upon
the
Duke
,
he
merrily
said
to
them
,
How
comes
it
to
pass
you
are
not
gone
out
to
meet
the
Duke
of
Espernon
?
he
'l
talk
with
you
for
this
when
he
comes
.
So
ready
his
Majesty
was
to
cause
that
honour
to
be
paid
him
that
was
justly
his
due
.
He
was
receiv'd
at
his
coming
by
the
King
,
Anno
1624.
and
the
Queens
,
with
very
great
kindness
;
and
falling
to
his
business
presently
after
his
arrival
,
Mauroy
a
Councellor
of
State
,
and
one
of
his
Agents
,
a
man
of
great
vertue
,
and
very
good
at
business
,
gave
him
up
his
Accompts
exactly
just
and
right
;
but
Valliech
his
old
Secretary
having
employ'd
some
people
under
him
,
who
had
either
been
not
very
careful
,
or
not
very
honest
,
A
generous
act
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
fell
short
above
fifty
thousand
Livers
,
which
this
good
Master
franckly
forgave
him
,
his
noble
nature
,
it
should
seem
,
not
being
able
to
con●ent
that
even
so
great
a
fault
as
his
negligence
should
ruine
the
Affairs
of
his
own
Family
.
All
his
Accompts
,
and
the
other
Affairs
that
most
requir'd
his
presence
at
Paris
,
were
in
less
than
four
months
dispatch'd
;
so
that
towards
the
latter
end
of
April
he
began
to
think
of
his
return
into
Guienne
.
The
Court
was
then
at
Compiegne
,
whither
the
Duke
went
to
receive
the
King's
Commands
,
supposing
this
should
be
the
last
leave
he
was
to
take
;
and
not
expecting
that
his
Age
,
which
was
now
very
far
advanc'd
(
he
being
at
this
time
near
upon
threescore
,
and
ten
years
old
)
would
permit
him
to
make
another
Journey
eight
years
after
,
as
he
did
in
a
marvellous
health
,
and
vigour
.
Whilst
the
Duke
staid
at
Compiegne
,
the
King
who
would
have
been
very
glad
to
have
the
mis-understanding
betwixt
him
and
the
Parliament
compos'd
,
caus'd
d'
Herbaut
,
Secretary
of
State
,
to
treat
with
him
about
it
:
wherein
the
Duke
express'd
himself
very
willing
to
an
Accommodation
,
and
so
far
as
to
consent
to
the
Act
about
the
Couriers
,
which
was
,
in
his
own
presence
,
by
the
Council
determin'd
in
the
Parliaments
favour
:
He
was
moreover
satisfied
with
the
Order
the
King
sent
to
suspend
the
Election
of
the
Maire
of
Libourne
(
which
was
another
main
thing
in
dispute
)
till
his
return
into
the
Province
:
But
the
first
President
was
not
so
well
dispos'd
to
peace
;
he
conceiv'd
this
Accommodation
would
infinitely
lessen
the
Authority
he
had
got
amongst
his
Brethren
during
these
controversies
;
and
therefore
without
any
regard
either
to
the
King's
Command
,
or
the
Duke's
Order
precipitated
the
Election
of
the
Maire
,
whom
the
Duke
found
establish'd
at
his
arrival
;
from
whence
arose
a
new
,
and
higher
quarrel
than
before
:
So
that
if
in
truth
the
Duke
was
herein
to
be
condemn'd
for
having
in
the
beginning
prosecuted
things
with
too
much
heat
,
the
President
cannot
,
in
my
opinion
,
be
excus'd
,
for
thus
urging
them
to
the
last
extremes
,
without
ever
yielding
to
such
a
reconciliation
,
as
might
,
being
timely
apply'd
,
have
prevented
the
ensuing
mischiefs
.
The
Duke
having
thus
settled
those
of
his
Domestick
Affairs
,
The
Duke
goes
from
Paris
.
that
requir'd
his
presence
at
Paris
,
and
done
his
part
to
provide
as
well
for
the
future
quiet
of
his
Government
,
departed
first
from
Compiegne
,
and
soon
after
from
Paris
to
return
into
Guienne
.
He
would
in
this
Journey
take
Espernon
in
his
way
,
that
he
might
touch
at
Chartres
,
Cardinal
Richelieu
created
chief
Minister
of
State
.
in
order
to
some
Devotions
.
Whither
Cartier
,
whom
he
had
left
at
Court
,
to
solicit
his
Affairs
in
the
place
of
Valliech
,
dispatch'd
an
express
Courier
to
him
to
let
him
know
that
Cardinal
Richelieu
was
since
his
departure
created
prime
Minister
of
State
.
I
was
present
when
the
Duke
receiv'd
this
news
,
at
which
he
was
the
more
surpriz'd
,
forasmuch
as
he
had
discover'd
nothing
of
that
design
in
the
time
of
his
being
at
Court
;
though
he
had
been
very
frequent
with
the
Queen
Mother
,
who
had
also
constrain'd
her self
to
dissemble
a
little
forc'd
shew
of
particularity
,
and
confidence
in
him
;
by
which
he
evidently
saw
he
was
not
upon
so
good
terms
with
her
,
as
they
had
a
mind
to
make
him
believe
he
was
:
he
notwithstanding
said
no
more
at
present
but
this
:
That
the
Cardinal
was
indeed
a
man
of
great
dexterity
;
but
that
he
would
very
much
change
the
face
of
Affairs
,
should
he
long
continue
at
the
Helme
.
Upon
the
instant
he
,
according
to
his
custom
,
sent
him
a
Complement
upon
his
new
promotion
,
which
doubtless
was
not
very
acceptable
to
the
Cardinal
,
there
being
scarce
any
space
left
at
the
top
of
the
Letter
,
and
nothing
more
than
,
Your
very
humble
Servant
,
subscrib'd
at
the
bottom
;
a
style
that
he
continued
a
great
while
,
and
perhaps
too
long
for
the
interest
of
his
Affairs
,
though
it
was
indeed
no
other
than
what
he
ever
us'd
to
all
other
Cardinals
.
After
having
dispatch'd
this
Complement
,
he
continued
his
Journey
towards
Guienne
;
where
he
arriv'd
in
the
beginning
of
Iuly
,
and
where
the
first
thing
he
did
after
his
arrival
was
to
commit
the
pretended
Maire
of
Libourne
to
prison
,
he
having
been
advanc'd
to
that
Magistracy
in
contempt
of
the
King's
Order
.
The
first
President
had
herein
his
hearts
desire
;
New
differences
betwixt
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
and
the
Parliament
of
Bordeaux
.
neither
did
he
fail
to
make
use
of
this
occasion
,
to
interest
the
whole
Body
in
the
affront
,
which
he
said
was
the
greatest
violence
imaginable
upon
their
Authority
;
a
high
Complaint
whereof
was
immediately
sent
away
to
the
Council
.
The
King
though
very
much
dissatisfied
with
the
first
President
,
would
not
nevertheless
absolutely
countenance
the
Duke
in
the
Justice
he
had
executed
in
his
own
behalf
;
but
writ
to
him
to
set
the
Prisoner
at
liberty
,
though
that
Letter
could
not
prevail
,
the
Duke
pretending
to
believe
that
this
Command
had
been
procur'd
either
at
the
importunity
of
some
of
the
interested
party
,
or
negligently
granted
,
as
many
times
a
Letter
under
the
Privy
Seal
was
not
hard
to
obtain
.
But
the
Cardinal
become
now
(
as
has
been
said
)
all
powerful
in
Affairs
,
having
undertaken
to
establish
his
Majesties
absolute
Authority
(
which
was
in
effect
the
establishment
of
his
own●
upon
the
contempt
of
this
order
,
caus'd
a
positive
sentence
to
be
pass'd
in
the
Council
,
bearing
date
the
12th
.
of
August
,
wherein
it
was
order'd
:
That
the
Prisoner
should
immediately
be
enlarg'd
.
The
Card●nal
Richelieu
opposite
to
the
Duke
.
By
which
magisterial
proceeding
,
it
was
then
believ'd
,
as
it
was
very
likely
,
that
the
Cardinal
would
exercise
this
severity
towards
the
Duke
,
that
his
will
might
no
more
be
disputed
;
not
doubting
but
that
after
an
example
like
this
all
the
other
great
men
of
the
Kingdom
would
acquiesce
in
his
Commands
.
This
Arrest
was
directed
to
the
Chief
Justice
d'
Autry
,
to
cause
it
to
be
put
into
speedy
execution
,
without
so
much
as
forbearing
to
hear
any
Reasons
the
Duke
could
represent
to
justifie
the
demur
he
had
given
to
his
Majesties
first
Order
.
His
Sons
who
were
at
Court
,
and
le
Plessis
(
whom
he
had
sent
thither
not
long
before
upon
several
accompts
)
us'd
their
utmost
endeavour
,
that
the
sending
away
of
this
Arrest
,
so
highly
prejudicial
to
the
Duke's
Honour
,
might
be
some
time
deferr'd
;
they
were
vehemently
importunate
with
the
Queen
Mother
,
and
the
Cardinal
to
that
purpose
;
but
all
to
no
effect
,
the
Queen
in
so
light
,
though
nevertheless
so
sensible
an
Affair
,
totally
abandoning
the
Duke's
Interest
,
who
had
so
passionately
embrac'd
hers
in
so
important
occasions
,
and
the
Cardinal
being
obstinate
in
his
resolution
,
all
the
favour
they
could
obtain
in
this
business
,
was
from
d'
Autry
himself
,
who
was
perswaded
not
to
produce
the
Order
:
but
it
was
upon
condition
the
Duke
should
enlarge
the
Prisoner
,
as
he
immediately
did
,
and
that
too
the
Court
would
have
him
understand
to
be
a
special
Grace
.
After
this
manner
then
they
began
to
reward
the
Duke's
,
and
his
Sons
Services
,
they
gave
them
things
of
no
moment
,
for
the
highest
obligations
,
and
most
current
pay
:
they
were
continually
us'd
at
this
rate
,
and
it
is
not
to
be
believ'd
what
prejudice
these
inconsiderable
things
were
to
the
Duke
's
more
important
Affairs
,
nor
what
encouragement
it
gave
little
people
frequently
to
offend
him
.
It
had
therefore
been
to
have
been
wish'd
,
either
that
he
could
have
supported
these
affronts
in
his
Administration
,
with
a
better
temper
,
or
totally
have
retir'd
himself
out
of
their
way
:
but
his
great
spirit
that
had
never
encountred
any
difficulty
it
had
not
overcome
,
was
impatient
to
be
resisted
by
men
,
who
as
they
were
single
incapable
of
contesting
with
him
,
being
embodied
,
would
neither
relent
,
nor
obey
.
The
Cardinal
,
stung
no
doubt
,
with
the
Conscience
of
having
in
so
trivial
a
thing
,
disoblig'd
a
man
,
who
had
formerly
been
serviceable
to
him
in
so
many
important
occasions
,
would
make
himself
Mediator
betwixt
the
Duke
and
the
Parliament
,
and
consequently
dispatch'd
away
Guron
to
Bordeaux
for
that
end
;
with
Instructions
that
joyntly
with
d'
Autry
,
he
should
labour
an
Accommodation
betwixt
them
.
By
Guron
the
Cardinal
writ
to
the
Duke
,
that
his
Journey
was
absolutely
upon
his
accompt
,
and
in
his
favour
,
offering
withal
his
Service
in
this
,
and
in
all
other
occasions
:
but
these
Complements
were
accompanied
with
no
marks
of
honour
and
respect
,
the
Cardinal
(
doubtless
nettled
,
at
the
little
Ceremony
the
Duke
had
observ'd
with
him
in
his
congratulatory
Letter
at
his
promotion
to
the
Ministry
)
leaving
by
his
example
,
but
a
very
little
space
above
the
first
line
,
and
concluding
his
Letter
with
only
Your
affectionate
Servant
.
Before
Guron's
arrival
the
difference
had
been
already
compos'd
by
the
mediation
of
d'
Autry
:
but
the
Duke
touch'd
to
the
quick
at
the
ill
usage
he
had
receiv'd
from
Court
,
was
not
to
be
appeas'd
with
so
light
a
satisfaction
;
and
I
have
ever
thought
that
the
injury
he
apprehended
upon
this
occasion
,
was
perhaps
the
first
,
if
not
the
only
motive
,
that
totally
alienated
his
heart
from
the
Cardinal's
Interests
,
which
(
as
you
may
have
observ'd
)
he
once
had
in
as
high
consideration
as
his
own
.
The
Peace
that
had
been
concluded
before
Montpellier
,
Anno
1625.
in
the
year
1622.
had
hitherto
continued
the
Affairs
of
the
Kingdom
in
some
repose
,
and
though
those
of
the
Reform'd
Religion
express'd
great
dispositions
to
a
new
Commotion
,
there
was
as
yet
no
manifest
breach
;
so
that
men
rather
liv'd
in
expectation
of
fresh
Alarms
,
than
in
any
disorder
of
open
War
:
When
Soubize
,
by
an
attempt
he
made
upon
the
King
's
Shipping
at
Blavet
,
began
first
to
break
the
Ice
.
A
new
War
.
All
the
rest
of
the
Party
broke
into
Arms
at
the
same
time
,
and
the
Duke
of
Rohan
,
who
had
long
been
known
to
be
the
head
of
that
Faction
,
infecting
all
parts
of
the
Kingdom
which
were
affectionate
to
his
cause
,
with
his
discontents
,
stirr'd
them
into
Insurrection
,
without
ever
moving
from
Sevenues
,
and
without
meeting
the
least
contradiction
▪
A
promptitude
in
his
Partizans
so
much
the
more
to
be
wondred
at
,
as
he
commanded
a
sort
of
people
,
whose
obedience
was
only
voluntary
,
and
from
which
every
one
conceiv'd
himself
to
be
dispens'd
by
all
,
both
Divine
,
and
Humane
Laws
.
Montauban
was
one
of
the
Cities
not
only
of
Guienne
,
The
Revolt
of
Montauban
.
but
also
of
the
whole
Kingdom
,
that
engag'd
the
deepest
in
this
Revolt
,
the
Inhabitants
whereof
by
having
had
a
Siege
rais'd
from
before
their
Walls
,
and
by
having
baffled
a
Royal
Army
,
even
when
animated
by
the
presence
of
the
King
himself
,
being
elevated
to
such
a
degree
of
Vanity
,
as
to
think
themselves
invincible
,
and
their
City
a
place
not
to
be
taken
.
A
presumption
that
it
was
nevertheless
very
necessary
should
be
corrected
,
and
the
people
by
some
exemplary
Punishment
made
sensible
of
their
Crimes
.
It
should
seem
that
the
Duke
of
Espernon
was
by
his
Destiny
call'd
into
Guienne
only
for
this
end
;
he
had
formerly
subdu'd
the
pride
of
Rochelle
:
neither
did
the
King
doubt
but
that
he
would
be
as
successful
at
Montauban
,
and
that
his
Vertue
(
which
had
ever
been
fatal
to
the
Capital
Cities
of
those
of
the
Religion
)
assisted
by
his
powerful
Arms
,
would
also
cause
his
Authority
to
be
acknowledg'd
and
obey'd
here
,
as
it
had
done
in
other
places
.
He
sent
order
therefore
to
the
Duke
to
take
Arms
,
and
to
wast
the
Countrey
all
about
Montauban
;
in
order
whereunto
(
though
the
King
in
his
own
judgment
thought
it
an
Enterprize
of
great
difficulty
)
he
notwithstanding
allow'd
him
no
more
than
3000.
men
,
in
three
new
rais'd
Regiments
,
to
wit
,
that
of
St.
Croix
,
d'
Ornano
,
Foncaude
,
and
Maillé
,
wherewithal
to
effect
it
.
He
receiv'd
a
Command
withal
to
make
some
Leavies
;
his
own
Company
of
Gens-d'Armes
,
and
four
more
of
Light
Horse
were
also
drawn
into
the
Field
for
this
Expedition
.
With
these
Forces
he
departed
from
his
House
Cadillac
,
The
Duke's
Forces
.
to
advance
to
Moissac
,
a
little
Town
about
four
Leagues
distant
from
Montauban
,
the
appointed
Rendezvous
for
the
Volunteer-Troops
,
and
Gentry
;
of
the
latter
whereof
,
the
number
was
so
great
,
that
there
was
an
appearance
of
above
six
hundred
Gentlemen
.
It
was
said
that
there
had
hardly
been
seen
so
great
a
conflux
of
Gentry
,
under
any
Governour
,
as
frequently
attended
this
,
he
having
never
any
occasion
to
mount
to
Horse
,
for
his
Majesties
Service
,
that
there
was
not
more
complaints
of
unkindness
taken
,
that
they
had
not
been
summon'd
to
their
Duty
,
than
excuses
made
because
they
did
not
come
.
It
will
perhaps
seem
strange
,
that
the
Duke's
humor
enclin'd
rather
to
austerity
than
sweetness
should
acquire
him
so
many
lovers
,
and
friends
;
for
certainly
he
was
serv'd
out
of
affection
,
it
being
impossible
that
fear
could
ever
have
drawn
after
him
so
many
free
,
and
voluntary
persons
.
Such
as
have
before
me
reflected
upon
this
observation
,
have
conceiv'd
that
this
universal
love
was
deriv'd
from
his
Justice
,
of
all
others
the
most
popular
vertue
(
as
in
truth
the
Duke
was
a
man
of
most
unblemish'd
equity
)
or
that
it
might
proceed
from
the
infinite
number
of
Employments
,
Offices
,
and
Benefits
he
had
,
dispers'd
throughout
the
whole
Province
of
Guienne
;
wherein
there
were
very
few
Families
of
any
note
,
that
stood
not
highly
oblig'd
,
either
immediately
to
him
,
or
to
his
Interest
for
some
signal
favour
.
To
which
they
have
moreover
added
the
generous
disposition
he
had
to
do
all
good
offices
for
his
Friends
,
who
although
he
was
not
apt
to
be
familiar
,
was
nevertheless
very
civil
,
constant
in
his
friendships
,
and
always
the
same
;
insomuch
that
one
good
word
from
his
mouth
,
or
one
gracious
undissembled
look
,
prevail'd
more
upon
those
who
receiv'd
those
petty
favours
,
than
the
larger
promises
,
and
more
winning
behaviour
of
some
others
,
who
in
two
days
would
no
more
know
the
very
man
,
to
whom
they
had
so
lately
before
vow'd
the
Friendship
of
their
whole
lives
.
The
Duke
came
to
Moissac
in
Iune
,
and
removed
thence
towards
Montauban
in
the
beginning
of
Iuly
,
with
a
Commission
equally
extending
as
well
into
Languedoc
,
as
Guienne
,
by
reason
that
City
,
which
is
situated
upon
the
Confines
of
both
those
Provinces
,
has
a
great
part
of
its
Territory
lying
in
Languedoc
.
He
took
up
his
Quarters
at
Montleigh
,
and
Castelsarrazin
,
from
whence
,
as
occasion
serv'd
,
The
Countrey
about
Montauban
laid
waste
.
advancing
with
his
Forces
still
nearer
the
City
,
he
executed
the
King's
Command
whereever
he
went
with
so
much
vigour
,
and
severity
,
that
the
footsteps
of
this
expedition
were
to
be
seen
a
long
time
after
.
Yet
was
not
this
perform'd
without
great
resistance
,
those
of
Montauban
had
had
early
intelligence
of
the
preparations
against
them
;
neither
had
they
neglected
any
thing
that
might
conduce
to
the
defense
of
their
fruits
,
or
to
the
support
of
the
Reputation
they
had
acquir'd
in
the
preceding
War
.
Besides
the
great
number
of
warlike
Inhabitants
,
they
had
within
their
City
,
they
were
moreover
reinforc'd
with
a
strong
Garrison
without
,
commanded
by
Montbrun
,
a
Gentleman
of
great
Quality
in
Dauphiné
,
and
a
man
of
very
great
Valour
,
sent
thither
for
that
purpose
by
the
Duke
of
Rohan
;
to
which
they
had
also
call'd
in
several
of
their
Neighbours
to
their
assistance
;
so
that
the
Duke
never
approach'd
their
Walls
(
which
notwithstanding
he
did
almost
every
day
)
but
that
there
follow'd
very
smart
Engagements
,
with
great
loss
of
men
on
the
Enemies
side
:
In
some
whereof
there
were
left
sometimes
200.
sometimes
more
dead
upon
the
place
;
wherein
certainly
the
numerous
Gentry
,
that
attended
the
Duke
in
this
expedition
,
were
of
infinite
great
use
;
for
the
place
being
environ'd
almost
on
all
sides
with
Plains
of
very
large
extent
,
Those
of
the
Religion
make
a
vigorous
resistance
.
and
the
Enemy
having
many
more
,
and
much
better
Foot
,
than
the
Duke
,
had
not
those
brave
Troops
of
Horse
continually
repell'd
them
,
it
had
been
to
be
fear'd
,
that
Victory
would
not
always
have
been
so
partial
to
the
Royal
side
.
The
Duke
perhaps
never
expos'd
his
person
more
,
than
in
these
frequent
Engagements
;
the
precincts
of
the
City
were
so
great
,
that
they
requir'd
above
a
months
time
totally
to
destroy
their
fruits
,
of
all
which
time
few
days
pass'd
,
as
has
been
said
,
without
an
Encounter
,
and
in
all
those
Encounters
the
Duke
was
ever
in
person
,
at
the
head
of
his
Troops
,
encouraging
his
men
,
not
so
much
by
his
voice
,
as
by
his
example
.
How
great
soever
the
faults
of
those
of
Montauban
might
be
,
it
was
not
nevertheless
without
great
reluctancy
,
that
the
Duke
executed
his
Majesties
Order
upon
the
fruits
of
the
Countrey
with
so
great
severity
,
and
certainly
he
must
have
had
a
very
obdurate
heart
,
that
would
not
have
been
touch'd
with
compassion
at
the
sight
of
so
many
lamentable
objects
,
as
were
every
where
to
be
seen
.
I
remember
that
from
Pickqueros
(
a
place
famous
for
having
been
the
King's
Quarter
during
the
Siege
of
Montauban
,
and
from
whence
the
whole
Plain
betwixt
the
Rivers
Tarn
,
and
Vaïran
lay
open
to
the
view
)
so
soon
as
the
obscurity
of
the
night
gave
colour
to
the
Fire
that
had
been
kindled
by
day
;
one
might
see
a
thousand
Fires
at
once
:
the
Corn
,
Fruit-Trees
,
Vines
,
and
Houses
were
the
Aliments
that
nourish'd
this
Flame
:
a
sadder
sight
I
never
saw
;
neither
can
I
imagine
that
the
horrors
of
War
can
be
represented
in
a
more
dreadful
form
.
Yet
was
not
this
severity
altogether
unprofitable
,
even
to
those
upon
whom
it
was
inflicted
;
I
having
heard
several
of
them
since
confess
,
that
nothing
so
much
dispos'd
them
to
the
acceptation
of
Peace
,
as
this
austere
usage
;
and
they
were
indeed
the
first
that
embrac'd
it
,
and
who
serv'd
for
a
leading
example
to
the
other
rebellious
Cities
of
their
Party
to
do
the
same
.
While
the
Duke
was
thus
taken
up
at
Montauban
,
Soubiz●
endeavo●rs
to
divert
the
Duke
.
Soubize
thinking
either
to
divert
him
from
his
Enterprize
,
or
to
make
use
of
his
absence
,
and
the
great
number
of
Gentry
,
who
were
gone
along
with
him
,
for
the
effecting
some
notable
exploit
in
the
lower
Gascony
,
was
landed
with
three
thousand
five
hundred
Foot
,
and
some
few
Horse
in
the
Countrey
of
M●doc
.
This
little
Countrey
,
which
is
almost
all
the
Duke's
,
environs
a
great
part
of
the
Metropolis
of
Bordeaux
,
extending
it self
to
the
very
Gates
of
the
City
;
many
of
the
richest
Inhabitants
whereof
having
possessions
there
,
and
Soubize
having
a
design
to
draw
from
the
City
a
large
Contribution
,
he
threatned
the
Citizens
to
destroy
their
Houses
and
Fruits
in
the
Countrey
(
of
which
he
thought
himself
without
contradiction
the
absolute
Master
)
if
they
did
not
speedily
ransome
them
with
a
very
considerable
Summe
.
As
he
himself
press'd
the
City
on
the
one
side
,
he
had
of
another
caus'd
Verger
Malagnet
a
Gentleman
of
his
party
,
to
come
ashore
at
a
little
point
of
Land
,
in
the
River
of
Bordeaux
,
that
divides
the
Rivers
of
Garonne
,
and
Dordongne
,
call'd
Bec-Dambez
,
hoping
by
that
means
to
cut
off
the
Commerce
of
those
two
Rivers
from
the
City
,
and
by
streightning
it
both
by
Land
,
and
by
Water
,
the
sooner
to
perswade
the
Inhabitants
to
give
him
his
demand
.
This
design
(
which
was
not
ill
projected
,
if
it
had
been
as
well
executed
)
alarm'd
both
the
Parliament
,
and
the
people
to
such
a
degree
,
that
a
greater
confusion
was
hardly
any
where
to
be
seen
:
they
knew
not
which
way
to
turn
them
for
their
defense
;
and
though
they
had
but
too
many
Forces
within
themselves
to
defend
their
City
from
the
threatned
mischief
,
yet
had
they
no
mind
to
examine
their
own
strength
,
that
they
might
not
be
oblig'd
to
put
them
to
the
Test
▪
In
this
extremity
the
first
President
(
though
upon
no
very
good
terms
with
the
Duke
,
notwithstanding
the
late
Accommodation
)
made
no
difficulty
to
have
recourse
to
him
,
to
implore
his
Assistance
,
for
this
time
laying
aside
all
Animosities
,
and
Aversions
:
but
it
was
only
to
assume
them
again
,
when
the
Duke
had
deliver'd
him
from
this
fear
,
as
will
hereafter
appear
.
At
the
first
intelligence
the
Duke
receiv'd
of
Soubize
his
landing
in
Medoc
,
though
he
could
not
himself
leave
the
work
he
had
begun
,
without
infinite
prejudice
to
the
King's
Service
;
yet
would
he
not
omit
his
care
to
the
preservation
of
the
principal
City
in
his
Government
.
He
therefore
in
all
haste
dispatch'd
away
le
Plessis
to
Bordeaux
,
to
advise
with
the
Parliament
what
course
was
to
be
taken
,
for
the
relief
of
the
City
,
and
Countrey
,
against
Soubize
his
attempts
;
giving
him
order
withal
to
draw
out
part
of
the
Garrison
of
Bergerac
,
and
to
raise
new
Forces
within
his
own
Territories
,
to
serve
himself
withal
upon
this
occasion
;
writing
moreover
to
his
Friends
and
Servants
in
the
Countrey
to
joyn
with
him
,
and
to
Toiras
who
lay
in
the
Isle
of
Ré
;
entreating
him
to
advance
with
all
the
men
he
could
conveniently
draw
out
of
the
Regiment
of
Champagne
,
of
which
he
had
the
Command
.
Instructions
that
were
so
well
observ'd
by
le
Plessis
,
and
he
so
well
seconded
by
the
Parliament
and
Iuratts
(
who
were
very
ready
to
concur
in
an
Affair
that
so
much
concern'd
their
common
safety
)
that
all
things
were
in
a
short
time
put
into
a
very
good
Posture
:
By
which
means
the
Duke
,
without
suffering
himself
to
be
diverted
from
the
employment
he
had
before
Montauban
,
not
only
frustrated
the
Enemies
design
,
but
also
extracted
thence
the
opportunity
of
obtaining
the
honour
of
a
second
Victory
.
Soubize
being
shamefully
repuls'd
,
his
Forces
routed
,
the
few
that
escap'd
the
Victors
hands
,
and
with
much
ado
,
recover'd
their
Ships
,
leaving
their
Dead
,
Arms
,
Artillery
,
and
Baggage
,
as
infallible
testimonies
of
a
total
Defeat
.
The
War
was
carried
on
in
all
places
,
so
much
to
the
disadvanvantage
of
the
Hugonot
Party
,
that
the
principal
Heads
,
and
best
Cities
of
their
party
apprehending
a
continuation
of
those
evils
they
had
already
suffer'd
,
thought
fit
to
sue
to
the
King
for
Peace
.
Which
was
accordingly
granted
them
;
but
upon
conditions
far
different
from
those
they
were
us'd
to
insist
upon
in
former
times
;
Rochelle
if
self
not
being
in
this
Treaty
able
to
obtain
,
that
they
might
be
freed
from
the
slavery
of
Fort-Loüis
:
but
on
the
contrary
,
The
Peace
concluded
.
for
an
augmentation
of
their
grief
constrain'd
by
the
Articles
to
admit
of
a
Chief
Justice
set
over
them
by
the
King
,
oblig'd
to
slight
all
their
new
Fortifications
,
to
receive
his
Majesty
with
all
due
honor
,
and
respect
,
so
oft
as
he
should
please
to
honor
them
with
his
Presence
,
and
to
keep
no
more
Ships
of
War
in
their
Haven
.
The
Rochellers
would
never
have
submitted
to
these
hard
Conditions
,
had
not
the
other
Cities
of
their
party
,
and
above
all
the
rest
Montauban
positively
declar'd
they
would
no
more
expose
themselves
to
those
Miseries
they
had
suffer'd
in
the
burning
up
of
their
Countrey
:
so
that
if
we
will
consider
the
Duke's
conduct
throughout
the
whole
business
,
we
shall
find
it
more
than
a
little
conducing
to
the
general
Peace
the
King
granted
upon
conditions
so
disadvantageous
to
his
Hugonot
Subjects
.
But
this
Peace
,
Anno
1626.
to
the
acceleration
of
which
the
Duke
had
so
highly
contributed
,
begot
a
new
War
betwixt
the
Parliament
and
him
;
and
upon
this
following
accompt
.
The
King's
Declaration
in
favour
of
the
Hugonots
,
was
by
his
Majesty
sent
to
the
Duke
to
cause
it
to
be
publish'd
,
with
express
order
nevertheless
not
to
do
it
till
after
those
of
Montauban
had
accepted
the
Grace
in
all
due
forms
of
Submission
;
which
were
the
very
words
of
the
Dispatch
,
A
new
breach
betwixt
the
Duke
and
the
Parliament
of
Bordeaux
.
dated
the
18.
of
February
,
1626.
But
the
first
President
having
receiv'd
a
Copy
of
the
same
Declaration
,
without
ever
acquainting
the
Duke
,
who
was
come
no
further
than
Cadillac
,
caus'd
the
Peace
to
be
openly
proclaim'd
,
and
that
with
so
much
precipitation
,
that
he
would
not
forbear
so
long
as
till
he
could
hear
from
Montauban
,
to
know
whether
they
had
there
accepted
the
Peace
or
no.
This
impatience
the
Duke
could
not
but
interpret
purposely
put
on
to
affront
him
;
't
is
true
,
that
,
had
no
unkindness
pass'd
betwixt
him
and
the
President
before
,
the
business
was
of
it self
so
light
,
that
it
might
well
enough
have
pass'd
without
any
great
notice
taken
:
but
the
preceding
Differences
giving
him
to
understand
,
that
it
must
needs
be
done
out
of
design
,
he
not
only
complain'd
of
it
to
those
Friends
he
had
in
the
Parliament
,
but
moreover
writ
about
it
to
Court
,
and
gave
the
President
plainly
to
understand
,
that
he
would
no
more
suffer
such
Contempts
.
This
proceeding
of
the
first
President
's
was
by
no
means
approv'd
at
Court
;
it
was
there
look'd
upon
as
an
occasion
of
noise
and
bustle
,
maliciously
and
unseasonably
sought
,
and
for
which
he
receiv'd
a
little
rebuke
:
but
this
spirit
not
much
delighted
with
rest
,
having
met
with
another
that
was
never
tir'd
out
either
in
War
,
or
Business
;
it
was
almost
necessary
that
successive
differences
should
continually
arise
betwixt
them
.
This
at
the
last
proceeded
so
far
,
Which
grows
to
a
very
great
height
.
that
the
publick
Peace
was
therein
no
little
concern'd
:
the
Parliament
pass'd
many
Acts
,
and
the
Duke
as
many
Ordinances
to
contradict
those
Acts.
From
Acts
,
and
Ordinances
they
proceeded
to
Invectives
,
and
from
words
to
some
untoward
effects
.
Some
of
the
Presidents
Servants
were
ill
us'd
,
and
himself
threatned
;
whereupon
the
Palace
was
shut
up
,
and
a
cessation
of
Justice
decreed
.
The
Duke's
Friends
and
Servants
fear'd
to
fall
into
the
Parliaments
hands
,
and
those
who
were
affectionate
to
the
Parliament
,
were
not
well
us'd
by
the
Governour
;
many
Decrees
by
reason
of
the
dissention
betwixt
the
two
parties
remain'd
unexecuted
,
for
not
being
justified
by
Power
,
which
gives
life
to
Justice
.
Such
as
were
the
most
moderate
,
and
best
dispos'd
of
the
Company
,
could
not
without
great
grief
behold
these
confusions
;
but
those
were
not
the
prevailing
part
:
so
that
things
being
every
day
more
and
more
exasperated
,
it
was
infinitely
to
be
fear'd
they
would
in
the
end
shoot
up
to
the
last
extreme
,
though
they
were
already
grown
to
a
sufficient
height
.
The
King
inform'd
of
this
strange
confusion
,
dispatch'd
away
Leon
Brulart
Leon
Br●lart
sent
to
Bordeaux
,
to
labour
an
Accommodat●on
.
(
one
of
the
Council
of
State
,
and
a
man
who
,
having
manifested
his
prudence
in
many
great
employments
,
had
acquir'd
himself
a
great
reputation
both
within
,
and
without
the
Kingdom
)
to
oppose
his
Royal
Authority
to
the
Torrent
of
these
disorders
.
This
man
arriv'd
at
Bordeaux
,
in
the
month
of
Iune
,
and
labour'd
with
great
sincerity
,
and
diligence
betwixt
the
parties
till
September
following
;
but
all
in
vain
:
Wherein
he
does
not
succeed
.
his
dexterity
that
had
unravell'd
many
great
intricacies
,
and
overcome
the
greatest
difficulties
in
his
former
employments
,
could
not
be
so
successful
here
,
the
Animosities
were
too
great
,
and
the
parties
too
stiff
to
admit
of
any
Reconciliation
;
yet
did
he
well
enough
discover
that
the
greatest
aversions
to
it
were
not
in
the
Duke
,
as
he
satisfied
the
Court
at
his
return
;
to
which
both
parties
at
last
were
forc'd
to
appeal
,
and
to
submit
unto
a
severe
,
and
definitive
Determination
,
after
they
had
rejected
all
rational
,
and
moderate
ways
.
This
Quarrel
was
on
both
sides
carried
on
with
extraordinary
heat
,
the
first
President
himself
was
deputed
by
the
Parliament
to
maintain
their
cause
before
the
Council
;
to
whom
President
du
Bernett
,
a
man
of
great
esteem
,
and
approved
wisdom
(
and
then
thought
very
worthy
,
one
day
to
possess
the
first
place
in
that
Company
,
as
he
afterwards
did
)
was
also
joyn'd
.
The
Duke
also
on
his
part
dispatch'd
away
first
le
Plessis
,
and
after
him
Magnac
his
Kinsman
;
a
Gentleman
of
great
Courage
,
of
an
excellent
Wit
,
and
very
great
Learning
.
All
these
Deputies
were
several
times
heard
in
open
Council
,
The
business
is
referr'd
to
the
Council
,
who
make
an
Award
prejudicial
to
both
parties
.
where
after
having
long
,
and
with
great
reverence
pour'd
out
themselves
in
eloquent
Orations
,
a
Regulation
ensu'd
,
at
which
both
parties
were
equally
displeas'd
.
And
then
it
was
that
all
the
world
plainly
saw
,
and
chiefly
those
who
were
immediately
concern'd
,
that
they
were
not
sorry
at
Court
at
the
continuation
of
these
dissentions
;
and
that
the
design
being
already
laid
to
diminish
all
the
Authorities
of
the
Kingdom
,
to
unite
them
in
one
single
person
,
they
were
glad
to
see
them
insensibly
put
their
own
hands
to
their
own
destruction
.
These
little
disorders
were
not
yet
fully
compos'd
,
A
disorder
at
Court
.
when
another
of
much
greater
importance
began
to
disclose
it self
at
Court
,
which
occasion'd
the
death
of
Chalais
,
and
the
imprisonment
of
the
Duke
,
and
the
Grand
Prior
of
Vandosme
.
They
would
also
have
involv'd
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
,
who
at
this
time
retir'd
to
Metz
,
in
this
Affair
;
and
to
that
end
tempted
him
by
la
Louviere
,
the
Confident
of
Chalais
,
to
receive
the
Duke
of
Orleans
into
that
City
:
but
they
had
to
do
with
a
man
so
well
fortified
in
his
Duty
to
his
Prince
,
that
all
la
Louviere
could
obtain
of
the
Duke
was
only
a
civil
repulse
in
these
terms
:
That
the
place
was
none
of
his
:
That
he
was
only
a
substitute
to
the
Duke
his
Father
:
That
he
was
therefore
to
apply
himself
to
him
,
and
that
for
his
part
he
should
do
whatever
his
Father
would
please
to
command
him
.
He
could
not
have
serv'd
the
King
more
faithfully
,
than
by
retaining
this
respect
to
the
Duke
his
Father
,
whose
principles
he
knew
to
be
perfectly
Loyal
,
and
himself
inseparably
ty'd
to
his
Majesties
Service
;
yet
was
not
the
Court
satisfied
with
this
proceeding
:
but
the
Duke
,
who
had
also
been
tamper'd
withal
from
the
same
part
,
through
the
Negotiation
of
the
Abbot
d'
Aubazine
,
by
the
candour
of
his
deportment
,
so
clearly
justified
their
common
intentions
,
that
both
the
one
and
the
other
had
all
the
satisfaction
they
could
themselves
desire
.
Yet
was
this
satisfaction
in
words
only
,
and
the
Duke
was
notwithstanding
very
ill
us'd
in
several
occasions
;
of
which
ill
usage
he
could
not
forbear
highly
to
complain
:
neither
in
his
complaints
were
the
Queen
Mother
,
as
powerful
as
she
was
,
nor
the
Cardinal
himself
excepted
:
The
hard
measure
he
receiv'd
under
their
Administration
being
so
much
the
more
sensible
to
him
,
by
how
much
he
had
infinite
reasons
(
as
may
be
gather'd
out
of
the
former
passages
)
to
expect
they
should
have
been
altogether
partial
to
his
Interests
:
but
though
his
great
and
advantageous
services
had
been
so
lately
perform'd
,
the
memory
of
them
was
notwithstanding
totally
worn
out
,
and
the
Cardinal
was
already
exasperated
,
though
by
occasions
of
so
little
moment
,
as
scarce
ought
to
have
been
taken
notice
of
:
Neither
doubtless
would
they
have
been
,
had
he
been
in
another
condition
:
but
as
great
Authorities
are
usually
very
tender
,
in
the
great
height
of
State
,
and
Power
he
then
stood
,
they
carried
,
in
his
opinion
the
quality
of
most
high
injuries
,
which
thenceforward
dispos'd
his
heart
to
those
strange
Animosities
,
which
we
shall
see
in
time
break
out
.
After
the
death
of
Chalais
,
The
Marriage
betwixt
the
Monsi●ur
and
the
Dutch●ss
of
Montp●nsi●r
.
and
the
removal
of
such
of
the
Monsieur
's
Creatures
,
as
were
suspected
by
their
evil
Counsels
to
debauch
his
good
Nature
,
and
to
alienate
the
affection
he
had
to
the
King
,
and
the
prosperity
of
the
Kingdom
;
it
was
no
hard
matter
to
dispose
him
to
a
Marriage
with
Madamoiselle
Marie
de
Bourbon
,
Dutchess
of
Montpensier
.
This
match
had
been
thought
worthy
of
him
by
Henry
the
Great
his
Father
,
and
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
who
had
the
honour
to
be
great
Uncle
to
this
Princess
,
prepossess'd
with
the
hopes
of
so
great
a
Fortune
for
his
Niece
,
and
so
great
an
honour
both
to
himself
,
and
his
whole
Family
,
had
made
no
difficulty
to
expose
himself
to
the
hatred
of
the
late
Count
de
Soissons
,
in
refusing
him
(
as
you
may
have
observ'd
before
)
this
Lady
in
Marriage
for
Lewis
his
Son
.
And
truly
what
rubs
soever
had
hapned
in
the
way
of
this
Match
,
the
Duke
notwithstanding
never
lost
the
hope
,
nor
the
ambition
to
see
it
one
day
brought
to
effect
.
It
is
not
therefore
to
be
doubted
,
but
that
the
accomplishment
of
a
thing
by
him
so
ardently
coveted
,
must
be
highly
pleasing
to
him
.
The
first
news
he
heard
of
the
consummation
of
these
Nuptials
was
by
a
Gentleman
dispatch'd
away
purposely
to
him
by
Madame
,
the
day
after
her
Marriage
,
wherein
the
high
Dignity
,
to
which
she
was
arriv'd
,
nothing
hindred
her
from
paying
the
Duke
the
respect
that
decency
,
and
proximity
exacted
from
her
;
she
writ
to
him
therefore
with
her
own
hand
,
and
the
express
words
of
the
Letter
were
these
.
Uncle
,
I
doubt
not
but
you
will
receive
as
much
joy
,
and
satisfaction
,
〈◊〉
Letter
to
the
D●ke
of
Espernon●●
●er
great
U●cle
.
as
any
person
,
at
the
happy
accomplishment
of
my
Marriage
;
the
news
whereof
I
would
no
longer
delay
to
send
you
,
assuring
my self
you
will
look
upon
it
as
a
very
great
Honour
,
and
good
Fortune
,
to
one
who
is
so
near
and
dear
unto
you
.
I
think
my self
the
more
happy
therein
,
as
I
hope
to
be
in
a
better
capacity
of
letting
you
see
the
great
esteem
I
have
ever
had
of
your
friendship
,
which
I
desire
to
preserve
by
manifesting
how
much
I
am
,
Uncle
,
Your
very
good
Niece
,
Marie
.
From
Nantes
the
7
th
.
of
August
,
1626.
There
was
a
strange
and
sudden
alteration
in
Madames
style
,
before
her
Marriage
it
had
us'd
to
be
Monsieur
my
Uncle
,
and
her
Letters
always
ended
with
Your
most
humble
,
and
most
affectionate
Servant
:
but
one
sole
night
had
so
rais'd
her
above
her
former
condition
(
though
very
illustrious
before
)
that
there
was
now
very
little
difference
betwixt
her
style
,
and
that
us'd
by
the
Queen
,
and
Queen
Mother
;
neither
was
the
Duke
,
it
may
be
suppos'd
,
displeas'd
to
be
so
us'd
,
and
the
advancement
of
so
near
a
Relation
,
being
in
part
his
own
;
that
which
seem'd
a
little
to
lessen
him
in
this
new
way
of
writing
,
he
conceiv'd
to
be
amply
recompens'd
in
the
honour
of
this
Alliance
.
The
Dutchess
of
Guise
also
accompanied
this
Letter
of
Madame
her
Daughter
with
another
from
her self
;
wherein
she
made
an
excuse
for
not
having
written
to
the
Duke
before
the
Marriage
,
as
it
had
been
her
Duty
to
do
:
Telling
him
they
had
met
with
so
many
difficulties
in
the
business
,
that
she
could
never
believe
it
would
take
effect
,
till
she
saw
it
absolutely
done
,
which
uncertainty
had
occasion'd
that
neglect
.
The
King
presently
after
did
him
the
same
honour
,
as
also
the
two
Queens
,
the
Monsieur
himself
,
with
the
rest
of
his
new
,
and
illustrious
Allies
:
but
before
he
receiv'd
the
honour
of
these
last
Complements
,
the
Duke
had
sent
the
Count
de
Maillé
to
Court
to
prevent
them
,
and
with
all
humble
respect
to
let
them
know
,
how
infinitely
satisfied
he
was
,
to
see
his
Family
,
by
his
Majesties
Royal
Bounty
,
rais'd
to
such
an
eminent
degree
of
honour
,
as
it
was
by
this
Marriage
.
The
Peace
of
the
Kingdom
,
Anno
1627.
the
success
of
the
Marriage
of
Madame
,
and
the
news
of
the
Dutchess
de
la
Vallette's
being
great
with
child
,
hapning
almost
at
the
same
time
,
had
altogether
so
overcharg'd
the
Duke
of
Espernon
with
an
excess
of
joy
,
that
it
must
of
necessity
overflow
:
He
would
therefore
communicate
part
of
his
own
satisfaction
to
the
publick
;
and
as
all
his
Passions
would
ever
break
out
after
an
extraordinary
manner
,
so
this
of
so
excessive
a
joy
,
gave
him
a
new
occasion
of
shewing
the
world
the
largeness
of
his
heart
.
The
Duke
appo●nts
a
Tilting
at
Borde●ux
.
He
therefore
design'd
a
Tilting
at
Bordeaux
,
wherein
instead
of
the
vain
,
unprofitable
,
and
fabulous
representations
that
are
usually
exhibited
upon
such
occasions
,
he
would
make
the
people
with
delight
,
and
in
security
to
see
the
various
faces
of
War
,
and
in
the
midst
of
peace
would
divert
himself
with
the
exercises
of
his
own
profession
.
To
this
entertainment
he
invited
all
the
persons
of
Quality
of
both
Sexes
in
the
Province
;
and
the
Duke
de
la
Val●tte
came
purposely
from
Metz
,
to
supply
the
Duke
his
Father's
place
in
all
these
noble
exercises
,
wherein
he
acquitted
himself
so
well
,
that
he
was
not
the
least
Ornament
of
that
great
Solemnity
.
As
the
expense
of
this
Festival
was
exceeding
great
,
the
Assembly
continuing
for
above
fifteen
days
together
;
so
Fortune
would
seem
to
contribute
something
to
this
profusion
:
but
she
did
only
seem
to
do
it
,
when
after
having
presented
the
Duke
with
Millions
,
and
brought
them
almost
to
his
own
door
,
she
rather
chose
to
bury
them
in
the
Sea
,
than
to
make
good
what
she
had
so
fairly
promis'd
.
It
is
of
the
wrack
of
the
Carricks
that
I
am
about
to
speak
,
which
hapned
at
this
time
;
and
having
had
a
Relation
of
so
remarkable
an
accident
from
the
Master's
Mate
,
of
that
of
those
two
great
Vessels
,
The
Shipwrack
of
the
Portugal
Carricks
.
which
perish'd
upon
the
Coast
of
Medoc
,
I
ought
not
,
I
conceive
to
pass
by
so
memorable
a
misfortune
▪
and
of
which
I
am
able
to
give
so
true
an
accompt
.
After
the
Conquest
the
King
of
Spain
had
made
of
the
Kingdom
of
Portugal
,
the
same
Custom
the
Portugals
had
formerly
paid
to
their
natural
Princes
,
for
the
Liberty
of
their
East
India
Trade
,
devolv'd
of
course
to
the
King
of
Spain
:
but
with
this
condition
nevertheless
,
that
the
Portugals
should
not
be
oblig'd
to
unlade
their
Merchandize
in
any
other
part
of
the
Catholick
King
's
Dominions
,
than
that
of
Lisbon
only
,
for
a
Mark
of
the
antient
Right
those
of
their
Nation
had
ever
had
to
that
Traffick
with
the
Indies
.
This
priviledge
was
the
loss
of
those
two
Carricks
;
they
had
set
sail
from
Goa
the
fourth
of
March
,
1626
laden
with
Merchandize
of
very
great
price
,
as
Diamonds
,
and
other
Stones
;
Amber-gris
,
Besoar
,
Spices
,
Drugs
,
Silks
,
and
other
rarities
both
of
the
Indies
,
and
the
Kingdom
of
China
,
to
the
value
of
above
two
Millions
and
a
half
of
Gold
at
least
in
either
bottom
.
They
had
been
mann'd
out
with
above
four
hundred
and
fifty
,
what
Mariners
,
and
Souldiers
,
besides
several
Gentlemen
,
and
other
persons
of
condition
,
that
either
by
the
curiosity
of
Travail
,
or
thirst
of
Gain
,
had
been
tempted
into
those
remote
parts
of
the
world
.
All
these
together
made
up
above
six
hundred
persons
,
and
one
might
indeed
more
properly
have
call'd
these
prodigious
Hulks
(
which
were
each
of
them
of
two
thousand
Tun
)
floating
Cities
,
rather
than
Ships
built
for
Navigation
;
they
having
in
them
all
sorts
of
Artizans
,
establish'd
Markets
,
Victuallers
,
and
almost
all
sorts
,
and
conditions
of
men
,
with
the
same
policy
,
and
civil
Regiment
,
that
is
usually
observ'd
in
the
greatest
,
and
most
populous
Cities
.
These
two
great
Vessels
that
seem'd
to
be
Sovereigns
of
the
Sea
,
and
that
despising
any
thing
of
a
Storm
,
fear'd
nothing
but
Quick
sands
,
Fire
,
and
Rocks
,
after
a
prosperous
Voyage
,
were
surpriz'd
in
the
Road
of
Lisbon
with
foul
weather
,
and
driven
back
to
Coruna
a
very
good
Port
,
upon
the
Coast
of
Galicia
in
Spain
.
Where
the
storm
continuing
very
long
,
the
Captains
of
the
Carricks
were
by
those
of
the
Town
importun'd
to
unlade
their
Goods
in
that
Harbour
,
and
no
more
to
expose
so
great
Riches
acquir'd
with
so
much
peril
,
and
pains
,
to
the
dangers
of
the
Sea
:
but
they
were
deaf
to
that
motion
,
and
on
the
contrary
highly
insisting
upon
their
priviledge
,
the
King
of
Spain
at
last
gave
way
to
their
obstinacy
;
commanding
only
the
Admiral
of
the
Portugal
Navy
,
Don
Manuel
de
Menezes
,
with
six
of
the
best
Gallions
of
his
Squadron
to
put
to
Sea
,
and
to
Convoy
them
safe
to
Lisbon
,
though
this
precaution
only
serv'd
to
augment
his
loss
.
The
Gallions
came
up
to
the
Carricks
,
to
which
the
Admiral
gave
express
order
,
not
to
stir
thence
till
a
calmer
season
.
But
what
good
Counsel
can
prevent
Mischance
?
the
Carricks
contrary
to
all
order
and
advice
,
upon
the
first
little
Truce
of
the
Tempest
(
which
,
as
it
often
falls
out
at
Sea
,
only
retir'd
to
return
with
greater
fury
)
weigh'd
Anchor
,
and
put
out
to
Sea
:
but
they
had
no
sooner
committed
their
Carricks
to
the
mercy
of
the
winds
,
but
that
they
found
themselves
engag'd
in
the
greatest
stress
of
weather
,
that
perhaps
has
at
any
time
been
seen
;
and
after
a
Tempest
of
two
and
twenty
days
,
without
any
intermission
,
they
came
at
last
to
suffer
Shipwrack
,
one
at
Cap-Breton
,
near
to
Bayonne
,
and
the
other
two
days
after
upon
the
Coast
of
Medoc
;
in
which
exigent
of
Fortune
the
Gallions
were
so
faithful
to
them
,
as
to
bear
them
company
in
ruine
:
so
that
three
attending
either
Carrick
,
the
loss
was
equal
in
both
places
.
The
Duke
receiv'd
the
first
news
of
this
accident
from
the
Common
Bruit
,
and
that
not
till
three
days
after
it
had
hapned
;
and
indeed
the
rains
that
had
fall'n
,
during
this
tempestuous
weather
,
had
so
overflow'd
the
ways
,
that
although
this
Coast
be
no
more
than
ten
or
twelve
Leagues
distant
from
Bordeaux
only
,
it
had
been
impossible
sooner
to
have
pass'd
:
but
it
is
likewise
true
,
that
the
Inhabitants
of
the
Countrey
,
a
barbarous
and
inhumane
people
(
as
generally
Sea-borderers
are
)
and
inur'd
to
the
spoil
of
Wracks
,
were
not
over
hasty
to
acquaint
the
Duke's
Officers
with
this
,
that
they
might
not
be
disturbed
whilst
busie
ravening
after
Booty
.
At
last
,
and
whilst
preparing
for
the
approaching
solemnity
,
he
heard
of
this
misfortune
,
and
that
a
great
number
of
Spaniards
,
who
deliver'd
themselves
for
men
of
Quality
,
preserv'd
out
of
a
greater
number
that
perish'd
,
were
upon
their
way
coming
to
implore
his
assistance
;
and
accordingly
the
next
day
this
miserable
company
,
consisting
of
two
hundred
,
or
thereabouts
,
were
seen
to
enter
the
City
,
in
the
lamentable
plight
may
be
imagin'd
of
men
,
that
had
been
expos'd
to
the
fury
of
a
Wrack
.
The
Duke
took
care
to
lodge
them
in
the
City
,
furnish'd
them
with
Victuals
,
took
order
for
Cloaths
for
them
,
and
reliev'd
them
with
money
;
when
being
by
some
of
them
inform'd
of
the
great
Riches
that
was
in
the
Carrick
he
mounted
to
Horse
to
hinder
the
Pillage
,
and
Disorder
,
which
had
already
continued
five
or
six
days
together
without
intermission
;
it
was
nevertheless
impossible
for
him
to
get
to
the
shoare
,
the
ways
were
so
impassible
;
so
that
he
was
constrain'd
to
return
back
,
to
begin
his
Triumph
.
The
Solemnity
was
begun
,
with
a
Skirmish
of
sixscore
Cuirassieres
,
divided
into
two
Troops
,
and
arm'd
Cap-a-pie
;
the
next
day
they
ran
the
Ring
in
the
same
Equipage
they
fought
:
after
which
they
ran
disarm'd
with
Vizors
,
and
afterwards
ran
at
Tilt
,
for
five
or
six
days
together
,
doing
all
the
Exercises
that
are
to
be
perform'd
on
Horseback
.
The
Horse
Exercises
being
gone
through
,
they
must
now
come
to
a
representation
of
Foot
Service
,
that
the
angry
trade
of
War
might
be
set
forth
in
all
its
Forms
.
In
a
spacious
place
therefore
,
at
one
of
the
Extremities
of
the
City
,
the
Duke
caus'd
two
regular
Forts
to
be
built
,
and
fortified
according
to
all
the
Maxims
of
Art
.
These
Forts
were
mann'd
with
arm'd
Souldiers
to
defend
them
,
they
were
batter'd
with
Cannon
,
assaulted
,
and
in
the
end
taken
,
so
much
to
the
delight
of
the
beholders
,
as
made
it
appear
,
there
can
be
no
so
dreadful
Original
,
from
whence
pleasant
Copies
are
not
to
be
taken
.
The
Combat
of
the
Forts
was
follow'd
by
a
noble
Masque
,
and
a
Ball
,
and
those
by
a
Combat
at
Barriers
,
which
concluded
the
Solemnity
;
the
last
Act
of
which
was
set
out
with
infinite
Expense
,
and
very
great
Art
.
There
were
in
it
seven
Entries
,
and
all
those
usher'd
in
with
great
Machines
,
contriv'd
by
the
principles
of
the
several
parties
,
who
were
all
persons
of
eminent
Quality
.
I
shall
not
however
undertake
a
description
of
all
the
remarkable
passages
therein
,
there
having
been
then
a
collection
taken
of
them
that
made
up
a
Volume
of
it self
,
and
I
having
no
need
to
swell
this
with
unnecessary
relations
.
It
was
no
little
addition
to
the
Duke
's
particular
joy
,
The
Duke
de
Cand●le
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
eldest
Son
comes
to
t●e
Solemnity
.
and
to
the
general
satisfaction
of
the
whole
Assembly
,
to
find
it
honour'd
with
the
presence
of
the
Duke
de
Candale
,
the
Duke's
eldest
Son
.
It
had
now
been
ten
years
complete
,
that
their
common
misfortune
had
caus'd
a
separation
betwixt
them
;
wherein
though
the
Father
had
high
causes
of
Discontent
,
yet
had
the
gallant
behaviour
of
the
Son
been
such
,
and
had
so
far
prevail'd
upon
his
natural
affection
,
that
at
this
time
without
all
doubt
he
had
an
equal
share
with
his
Brothers
in
the
Duke's
Favour
.
Neither
indeed
could
the
Heroick
Son
have
better
spent
these
years
of
his
disgrace
,
who
seeing
he
could
not
honourably
live
in
his
own
Countrey
,
whilst
out-law'd
in
his
Fathers
Favour
,
went
to
exercise
his
profession
of
Arms
in
Holland
,
at
that
time
the
most
conspicuous
Theatre
of
War
in
all
Europe
:
He
had
not
there
long
continued
,
before
by
his
brave
deportment
he
so
far
won
the
opinion
of
Count
Maurice
Prince
of
Orange
(
acknowledg'd
by
all
the
world
to
be
one
of
the
greatest
Captains
of
his
time
)
that
he
doubtless
possess'd
the
highest
place
in
his
confidence
,
and
esteem
.
A
short
Truce
being
concluded
in
that
Countrey
,
he
went
from
thence
to
Venice
,
where
he
commanded
some
of
the
Venetian
Militia
in
the
Valtoline
;
and
in
process
of
time
,
having
gain'd
the
favourable
opinion
of
that
Serene
Republick
,
he
was
at
last
honour'd
with
one
of
their
principal
Commands
,
and
made
General
of
all
their
Land-Forces
;
an
Employment
wherein
he
serv'd
upon
so
many
brave
occasions
,
as
would
deserve
a
particular
History
;
when
at
last
more
ardently
desir'd
,
than
well
us'd
by
France
his
native
Countrey
,
he
came
to
end
his
days
in
his
own
Princes
Service
,
and
in
the
Command
of
one
of
his
chiefest
Armies
.
The
Duke
his
Father
,
when
sometimes
speaking
of
him
,
would
say
,
that
he
could
hardly
wish
his
Son
had
never
done
amiss
,
since
he
had
done
so
glorious
a
Penance
for
his
faults
,
and
by
so
many
Heroick
Actions
expiated
the
afflictions
he
had
brought
upon
him
.
The
arrival
of
this
long
absent
Son
,
was
not
yet
the
utmost
bound
of
the
Duke's
satisfaction
;
he
receiv'd
another
at
the
same
time
,
that
touch'd
his
heart
with
a
more
sensible
joy
,
than
any
thing
that
has
been
mention'd
before
:
and
doubtless
it
would
have
been
greater
now
,
than
it
was
then
,
had
God
been
pleas'd
to
have
prolong'd
his
life
till
these
days
,
that
he
might
have
seen
the
fruits
of
the
just
expectation
he
had
conceiv'd
at
the
Birth
of
as
hopeful
an
Heir
,
as
he
could
possibly
have
wish'd
.
I
have
already
told
you
,
that
the
news
of
his
Daughter-in-law
the
Dutchess
de
la
Valette's
being
great
with
child
,
was
one
of
the
occasions
that
caus'd
this
Publick
rejoycing
,
and
that
Assembly
was
scarce
broke
up
,
when
he
receiv'd
by
a
Courier
,
dispatch'd
away
for
that
purpose
certain
news
of
her
being
brought
to
bed
of
a
Son
:
The
Birth
of
the
Duke
of
Candale
,
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
G●andchild
.
a
Blessing
he
had
more
zealously
begg'd
of
Almighty
God
,
than
any
other
thing
in
this
world
;
and
that
he
had
the
most
reason
to
desire
,
that
he
might
see
his
succession
continued
in
a
hopeful
Heir
:
But
as
this
was
the
richest
Present
,
this
young
Princess
could
possibly
make
him
,
so
it
was
(
God
knows
)
the
last
;
she
ten
days
only
surviving
the
Birth
,
who
being
deliver'd
upon
the
fourteenth
of
April
,
and
dying
the
four
and
twentieth
after
,
left
her
noble
Husband
a
Widower
,
and
all
France
her
mourners
.
The
Duke
receiv'd
this
sad
news
as
he
was
upon
his
return
from
Medoc
,
to
which
place
the
Wrack
of
the
Carrick
had
oblig'd
him
to
make
a
second
Journey
,
and
where
,
now
that
the
season
gave
him
leave
to
come
nearer
to
the
Sea
,
we
saw
a
most
incredible
thing
;
which
was
the
Relicks
of
this
mighty
Vessel
,
several
pieces
whereof
were
to
be
seen
,
for
above
a
quarter
of
a
League
together
,
along
the
shoar
,
and
in
so
great
number
,
that
whoever
had
seen
those
floating
Spoils
,
would
rather
have
judg'd
them
the
ruines
of
some
demolish'd
City
,
than
the
remains
of
one
single
Ship
.
The
Duke
with
much
ado
recover'd
twelve
great
brass
Pieces
,
that
were
buried
in
the
Sands
,
which
were
also
all
that
could
be
sav'd
,
of
an
hundred
and
eight
,
or
ten
,
that
were
aboard
,
either
the
Carrick
,
or
the
Gallions
that
Convoy'd
her
.
Upon
his
return
from
this
short
Journey
,
the
Duke
receiv'd
intelligence
of
the
Death
of
the
Dutchess
de
la
Valette
,
The
death
of
the
D●tchess
de
la
Va●ette
.
at
which
,
though
his
Affliction
seem'd
to
be
so
great
,
that
nothing
could
be
more
,
it
was
nevertheless
exceeded
by
that
of
the
Husband
;
who
having
staid
behind
at
Bordeaux
,
during
this
Journey
into
Medoc
,
knew
nothing
of
his
misfortune
,
till
the
return
of
the
Duke
his
Father
:
but
then
all
the
comfort
they
were
capable
of
,
was
,
their
mutual
Affliction
,
wherein
,
as
a
more
just
occasion
of
sorrow
could
not
possibly
arrive
,
so
could
it
not
possibly
be
express'd
with
more
,
or
with
more
unfained
tears
.
Upon
this
sad
occasion
both
the
Father
,
and
the
Son
receiv'd
many
Complements
of
Consolation
from
the
whole
Court
,
the
King
,
the
Queens
,
the
Monsieur
,
and
Madame
,
with
all
the
other
Princes
,
and
Princesses
;
and
almost
all
of
any
eminent
condition
at
Court
,
manifested
their
interest
in
this
dire
misfortune
.
But
they
had
scarce
wip'd
off
the
tears
for
this
first
disaster
,
when
it
was
succeeded
by
another
of
almost
equal
concern
;
for
I
remember
that
the
Gentleman
sent
by
the
Monsieur
,
and
Madame
upon
this
consolatory
Envoy
,
〈…〉
was
scarce
departed
from
B●rdeaux
,
when
they
receiv'd
the
intelligence
at
once
,
of
the
happy
delivery
of
Madame
,
and
the
deplorable
accident
of
her
death
:
an
occasion
by
which
they
were
oblig'd
(
to
their
great
grief
)
to
make
a
quick
return
of
the
Monsi●ur's
Complement
,
and
to
recommence
a
new
showr
of
tears
,
even
before
the
first
storm
was
overblown
.
In
this
variety
of
good
,
and
evil
events
but
(
as
it
usually
falls
out
in
the
course
of
humane
life
)
such
as
had
more
in
them
of
evil
than
good
,
the
Duke
saw
himself
necessitated
to
engage
in
a
Dispute
with
the
Cardinal
,
and
upon
this
occasion
.
The
rumour
that
had
been
spread
abroad
of
the
infinite
Riches
the
shipwrack'd
Carrick
carried
in
her
,
had
allur'd
the
Cardinal
,
to
put
in
that
title
to
the
spoil
,
New
occa●●ons
of
misunderstanding
betwixt
the
Duke
,
and
Cardinal
Richeli●u
about
the
wrack
of
the
C●rrick
.
which
he
pretended
his
Office
of
Superintendent
of
the
Navies
(
with
which
he
had
also
confounded
that
of
Admiral
)
gave
him
to
all
the
wracks
that
should
happen
upon
the
Coasts
of
France
.
Wherein
doubting
nevertheless
that
the
ordinary
Officers
he
had
establish'd
at
Bordeaux
,
as
in
all
other
parts
and
Havens
of
the
Kingdom
,
would
not
be
sufficient
to
justifie
his
Claim
against
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
who
was
upon
the
place
,
and
whom
he
knew
to
be
a
man
,
that
would
not
easily
be
baffled
out
of
his
Right
;
he
caus'd
a
Commission
to
be
directed
to
one
Fortia
a
young
Master
of
Requests
,
The
Cardinals
pretensions
.
that
under
the
Authority
of
the
Royal
Name
he
might
with
greater
facility
obtain
his
own
desires
.
This
business
was
at
first
debated
with
great
civility
and
moderation
,
and
the
Duke
was
very
willing
to
satisfie
the
Commissioner
of
his
Right
,
and
Title
,
The
Duke's
Title
.
by
shewing
him
Evidences
of
above
three
hundred
years
standing
,
by
which
his
Ancestors
had
ever
been
maintain'd
in
their
Title
to
all
the
Wracks
that
hapned
upon
the
Coast
of
Medoc
,
exclusively
not
only
to
the
Officers
of
the
Admiralty
,
but
even
to
the
King
himself
:
by
whose
predecessors
it
had
been
formerly
demis'd
in
free
gift
to
the
Lords
of
Candale
for
ever
.
After
which
he
moreover
deliver'd
him
Copies
of
those
Evidences
,
clearing
to
him
by
several
Authentick
Writings
and
Records
,
his
antient
,
and
lawful
Right
;
which
he
desir'd
him
to
prefer
to
the
Council
,
together
with
his
Reasons
,
and
the
equity
of
his
cause
.
But
this
was
not
the
thing
was
desir'd
at
Court
,
and
Fortia
was
blam'd
for
having
taken
cognisance
of
the
Duke's
Title
,
and
for
having
receiv'd
Copies
of
his
Deeds
,
as
if
he
had
a
mind
to
bring
a
business
to
the
issue
of
a
Suit
,
and
Tryal
,
wherein
they
intended
that
Authority
should
stand
for
Law
.
Fortia
therefore
having
receiv'd
this
check
,
would
for
the
future
endeavour
by
violence
to
repair
,
what
he
had
by
moderation
,
and
respect
to
Equity
overthrown
;
and
to
that
end
began
to
talk
to
the
Duke
in
other
terms
,
than
he
had
us'd
at
first
;
wherin
meeting
with
a
Spirit
that
was
not
to
be
frighted
with
the
menaces
of
the
Court
,
the
heat
of
their
disputes
grew
at
last
to
an
open
Quarrel
betwixt
them
.
Whereupon
the
Commissary
,
either
unwilling
,
or
not
daring
to
have
any
more
to
do
with
the
Duke
,
desir'd
to
be
recall'd
,
as
he
was
;
and
it
is
not
to
be
doubted
at
his
return
to
the
Cardinal
fail'd
not
to
lay
all
the
evil
success
of
his
own
ill
carriage
at
the
Duke's
door
,
by
whose
ill
offices
the
former
discontents
were
not
likely
to
be
any
thing
qualified
,
much
less
appeas'd
.
The
Duke
had
in
the
mean
time
dispatch'd
away
le
Plessis
to
the
King
,
to
beseech
his
Majesty
that
he
would
please
to
send
to
the
Parliament
of
Paris
,
to
do
him
right
in
his
lawful
claim
;
giving
him
moreover
instructions
to
go
to
the
Cardinal
,
and
in
his
name
to
conjure
him
to
sue
forth
his
Title
,
by
such
of
his
own
Council
as
he
should
himself
think
fit
;
The
Duke
offers
●o
〈◊〉
to
a
reference
,
which
is
refus'd
by
the
Cardinal
.
and
that
he
for
his
part
would
willingly
stand
to
their
award
:
but
the
Duke's
case
was
too
clear
for
the
Cardinal
to
submit
his
to
reference
.
He
had
already
seen
his
Title
,
which
was
such
as
he
knew
nothing
but
the
Sovereign
Authority
could
supersede
,
and
that
made
him
deaf
to
any
thing
of
Arbitration
.
He
chose
therefore
rather
to
continue
his
pretense
under
the
protection
of
the
Royal
Name
,
and
to
that
purpose
procur'd
Monsieur
Servient
,
another
Master
of
Requests
,
to
be
put
into
Commission
to
prosecute
his
Title
in
Fortia's
stead
;
a
man
that
by
his
dexterity
and
handsome
carriage
prevail'd
so
far
upon
the
Duke's
inclination
,
and
esteem
,
that
he
obtain'd
that
from
him
,
and
in
a
very
few
days
,
which
the
other
had
been
constrain'd
to
give
over
,
as
a
hopeless
thing
,
and
impossible
to
be
effected
.
The
Duke
in
fine
condescended
so
far
,
Monsieur
Servient
employ'd
in
the
business
,
who
reconc●les
the
difference
.
as
to
consent
that
all
the
Goods
sav'd
from
the
Wrack
,
should
be
deposited
in
the
hands
of
two
sufficient
Citizens
;
of
which
Goods
there
were
seven
or
eight
thousand
little
rough
Diamonds
,
valued
generally
at
forty
or
fifty
[
](A42794-e79680-b)*
*
Sous
,
a
peny
,
the
Sous
de
Paris
,
or
Sol
Marque
is
peny
●arthing
English
.
Sous
a
piece
,
some
pieces
of
Amber-gris
,
(
or
rather
black
Amber
,
for
it
was
of
that
colour
,
and
nothing
near
so
good
as
ours
)
several
Bezoar
Stones
,
and
some
other
Merchandize
,
of
no
great
value
;
and
this
was
all
that
was
recover'd
of
the
rich
lading
of
this
prodigious
Carrick
,
the
rest
being
either
buried
in
the
Sea
,
or
pilfred
away
by
the
Countrey
people
,
though
all
put
together
was
but
a
very
small
part
of
this
mighty
loss
.
Servient
therefore
by
a
gentle
,
and
insensible
violence
,
having
(
as
has
been
said
)
won
upon
the
Duke
's
inflexible
temper
,
obtain'd
all
the
satisfaction
he
could
desire
,
and
in
exactly
observing
his
Commission
,
acquir'd
the
Duke
withal
for
his
friend
,
performing
therein
what
is
only
reserved
for
men
of
extraordinary
Conduct
,
which
was
to
reconcile
so
opposite
Interests
,
and
yet
to
disoblige
neither
party
.
The
differences
,
thus
moderated
by
the
prudence
of
Servient
,
were
soon
totally
hush'd
up
by
the
noise
of
a
War
with
England
,
which
at
this
time
unexpectedly
broke
out
.
The
Duke
of
[
](A42794-e79760-b)*
*
〈◊〉
my
A●thour
cal●'d
the
Duke
de
〈◊〉
Buckingham
,
Favourite
to
Charles
King
of
Great
Britain
,
as
(
by
an
extraordinary
priviledge
of
Fortune
)
he
had
been
before
to
King
Iames
his
Father
,
was
(
as
it
was
said
)
highly
press'd
by
some
of
the
House
of
Lords
,
of
the
Parliament
of
England
to
give
an
account
of
the
Treasure
,
that
(
as
they
pretended
)
had
been
imbezzeld
during
the
Reign
of
the
late
King
:
upon
which
occasion
,
the
Severity
natural
to
that
Nation
in
such
Inquisitions
,
making
him
justly
to
apprehend
the
issue
of
an
Enquiry
;
wherein
perhaps
it
had
been
impossible
for
any
man
living
to
have
satisfied
their
Judgments
,
or
their
Malice
;
he
chose
rather
to
withdraw
himself
from
the
inconvenience
of
such
a
Trial
,
and
to
put
himself
into
a
posture
of
standing
upon
his
own
Guard
,
than
to
run
the
hazard
of
a
Sentence
that
he
could
not
expect
should
be
favourable
to
him
,
from
men
that
were
envious
of
his
Favour
and
Fortune
:
and
this
has
been
said
to
have
been
one
motive
to
this
Invasion
.
Another
,
and
which
was
no
less
prevalent
with
the
Duke
(
as
some
have
deliver'd
,
who
pretended
to
be
very
privy
to
his
thoughts
)
was
the
jealousie
he
had
of
the
Cardinal's
greatness
,
of
whom
he
had
been
so
ill
satisfied
in
a
late
Embassy
into
this
Kingdom
,
Our
English
Authors
,
that
as
they
must
needs
be
better
inform'd
of
the
motives
of
this
War
,
are
likely
better
to
inform
us
,
give
a
far
different
accompt
.
Vide
Bakers
Chronicle
.
as
thenceforward
to
conceive
either
so
mortal
a
hatred
to
his
Person
,
or
at
least
so
high
an
emulation
of
his
Power
,
as
it
is
believ'd
by
many
prompted
him
to
undertake
this
War
with
France
;
from
whence
it
may
be
judg'd
,
how
light
the
causes
commonly
are
,
that
bring
on
the
ruine
of
Nations
,
and
the
desolation
of
Kingdoms
.
But
the
better
to
perswade
the
English
to
approve
of
this
expedition
(
it
being
no
easie
matter
to
raise
money
there
for
any
preparation
of
this
kind
without
the
consent
of
the
people
)
his
pretense
was
to
succour
the
Rochellers
,
that
were
infinitely
oppress'd
,
and
the
Protestant
Party
,
which
he
said
,
since
the
last
Peace
,
was
very
much
weakned
in
France
.
Having
with
this
pretext
palliated
either
his
Animosity
,
The
English
▪
land
in
the
Isle
of
Ré
.
or
his
Ambition
,
with
a
Fleet
consisting
of
a
hundred
and
fifty
Sail
,
upon
which
he
had
Ship'd
[
](A42794-e79950-b)*
*
Six
thousand
our
Historians
say
.
ten
thousand
men
,
he
presented
himself
before
the
Isle
of
Ré
in
Iuly
1627.
This
Enterprize
,
which
in
all
probability
was
likely
to
be
favour'd
with
an
Insurrection
of
those
of
the
Reform'd
Religion
at
home
(
who
were
not
depress'd
to
that
degree
,
but
that
they
were
yet
very
considerable
)
put
the
whole
Court
into
a
very
great
Alarm
:
wherein
the
Cardinal
,
who
very
well
understood
this
affront
,
to
be
particularly
directed
against
him
,
look'd
upon
it
as
his
own
immediate
concern
:
neither
did
he
fail
on
his
part
of
his
utmost
endeavour
to
frustrate
his
Adversaries
Design
,
and
to
maintain
himself
in
the
advantages
of
his
Princes
Favour
.
The
Cardinals
Orders
to
oppose
the
English
.
He
sent
dispatches
therefore
to
all
parts
of
the
Kingdom
,
for
the
raising
of
new
Forces
,
and
caus'd
a
Commission
to
be
issued
out
to
the
Duke
of
Angoulesme
,
to
call
together
such
as
were
already
on
foot
,
with
them
to
go
to
the
defense
of
Fort-Loüis
,
built
before
Rochelle
,
upon
which
it
was
likely
the
English
would
make
their
first
attempt
,
and
therein
also
to
endeavour
to
curb
Rochelle
it self
,
which
yet
retain'd
a
mutinous
disposition
,
under
a
dissembled
shew
of
Obedience
,
and
Duty
.
Le
Plessis
hapned
in
this
juncture
of
time
to
be
at
Court
,
whither
(
as
has
been
said
)
he
had
been
before
dispatch'd
by
the
Duke
his
Master
to
solicit
his
Interest
about
the
Wrack
of
the
Carrick
.
This
Gentleman
was
so
generally
esteem'd
by
all
both
for
his
Valour
,
and
his
Experience
in
matters
of
War
,
and
principally
by
the
Cardinal
(
who
had
been
a
witness
of
his
behaviour
throughout
the
Queen
Mother's
Affairs
,
and
had
in
those
times
contracted
a
strict
League
of
Friendship
with
him
)
that
he
immediately
apply'd
himself
to
him
in
this
urgent
necessity
;
neither
did
he
herein
forget
any
promises
that
might
induce
him
,
or
omit
any
endearments
that
might
oblige
him
to
render
the
Duke
his
Master
favourable
to
his
designs
,
and
himself
to
accept
of
an
Employment
,
upon
this
important
occasion
:
Le
Plessis
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
Domestick
Servant
,
has
the
command
of
a
Regiment
●on●err'd
upon
him
,
upon
this
occasion
.
Assuring
him
withal
,
that
no
more
mention
should
be
made
of
the
Carrick
,
or
of
any
other
cross
Affair
he
had
been
perplex'd
withal
,
and
had
now
depending
at
Court
.
Upon
this
assurance
Le
Plessis
departed
from
Court
,
provided
with
ten
Commissions
for
the
raising
of
a
Regiment
in
his
own
name
,
and
with
all
the
civil
Language
,
and
fair
Promises
could
be
desir'd
for
the
Duke
his
Master
,
whose
assistance
was
exceedingly
considerable
,
by
reason
of
the
short
cut
by
Sea
,
betwixt
Bordeaux
,
and
Rochelle
.
Le
Plessis
arriv'd
in
Guienne
in
the
beginning
of
August
,
where
he
first
gave
the
Duke
an
accompt
of
his
own
Affairs
,
and
afterwards
acquainted
him
with
the
Commission
he
had
receiv'd
for
himself
;
who
was
so
assisting
to
him
in
the
raising
of
his
Regiment
,
that
it
was
one
of
the
first
that
was
ready
for
this
Service
.
The
Duke
no
sooner
saw
Le
Plessis
Companies
compleat
,
but
that
he
fell
to
making
ready
the
Succours
were
requir'd
of
him
for
the
Fort
of
the
Isle
of
Ré
,
already
besieg'd
by
the
English
Forces
,
though
I
must
confess
it
was
(
contrary
to
his
custom
in
other
occasions
)
exceeding
slowly
:
not
that
he
did
not
heartily
desire
to
see
Rochelle
reduc'd
to
the
King's
Obedience
,
but
he
could
have
been
glad
that
the
Cardinal
,
whom
he
had
no
reason
to
love
,
might
have
had
no
share
in
the
honour
of
this
great
Enterprize
;
as
if
he
had
then
foreseen
that
the
addition
of
Reputation
,
and
Greatness
,
he
must
infallibly
derive
from
that
success
,
would
one
day
prove
fatal
to
him
.
Yet
in
this
distraction
of
thoughts
he
fail●d
not
nevertheless
to
prefer
his
Duty
before
all
other
respects
,
that
regarded
either
his
own
Passion
,
or
Interest
;
and
in
effect
the
great
Succours
that
were
drawn
together
upon
Olome
Sands
,
and
by
which
the
Isle
was
preserv'd
,
consisted
principally
of
those
Forces
he
sent
away
from
Bordeaux
.
Yet
was
not
this
the
only
thing
wherein
the
Duke
was
highly
serviceable
upon
this
important
occasion
,
Anno
1628.
his
instructions
contributing
as
much
at
least
to
the
taking
of
Rochelle
,
as
any
other
means
whatsoever
:
for
it
was
he
,
without
all
contradiction
that
gave
the
first
advice
for
the
bringing
up
a
Cawsey
to
block
up
the
Harbour
,
and
who
rejected
all
the
propositions
of
Pompeo
Targone
,
as
frivolous
,
and
of
no
use
;
and
indeed
the
success
of
those
floating
Forts
,
and
Bridges
contriv'd
by
this
Italian
Engineer
,
proving
such
,
as
the
Duke
had
prophesied
it
would
be
,
they
were
fain
when
all
was
done
to
follow
his
advice
.
A
Copy
of
which
advice
I
here
present
you
,
as
it
was
written
by
his
own
hand
to
the
Duke
of
Angoulesme
,
before
the
Cardinal
came
before
Rochelle
;
the
Duke
rather
choosing
(
it
should
seem
)
to
communicate
his
opinion
to
this
Prince
,
than
to
any
other
of
the
Commanders
of
the
King's
Army
,
as
he
had
his
person
in
much
greater
esteem
.
SIR
,
I
should
have
been
glad
of
an
occasion
wherein
by
some
signal
Service
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon's
Letter
of
advice
to
the
Duke
of
Angoulesme
.
rather
than
by
fruitless
,
and
ill
couch'd
words
to
have
manifefested
my
Affection
to
you
:
But
since
my
good
Fortune
will
not
so
far
gratifie
my
ambition
,
I
must
content
my self
with
what
I
have
,
and
make
it
the
business
of
these
lines
to
give
you
an
assurance
of
the
great
obligation
you
have
conferr'd
upon
me
in
sending
Captain
Marsillac
with
the
Relation
of
the
Relief
my
Lord
the
Duke
of
Orleans
has
happily
put
into
the
Fort
St.
Martin
.
I
doubt
not
,
Sir
,
but
your
Wisdom
has
contributed
much
to
this
great
performance
;
the
success
whereof
makes
me
believe
,
that
at
his
Majesties
arrival
,
the
glory
of
chasing
the
English
shamefully
out
of
his
Kingdom
,
is
assur'd
,
and
consequently
that
of
reducing
Rochelle
to
the
last
necessity
of
absolutely
submitting
to
his
obedience
;
for
the
design
of
blocking
it
upon
the
Land-side
by
Forts
,
and
Redoubts
,
with
lines
of
communication
,
is
an
infallible
course
:
it
is
indeed
somewhat
a
tedious
way
,
but
in
a
year
or
two
at
most
the
place
must
inevitably
fall
into
the
King's
hands
,
without
loss
of
men
,
and
less
expense
of
money
:
but
the
Port
must
of
necessity
be
shut
up
,
which
is
not
to
be
done
,
but
by
some
solid
materials
;
and
whosoever
will
undertake
to
do
it
by
a
floating
Bridge
,
will
find
himself
mistaken
,
at
least
my
opinion
tells
me
so
;
for
the
impetuosity
of
the
Winds
,
and
the
force
of
the
Tides
,
will
break
whatever
swims
above
water
,
there
being
no
stability
in
floating
bodies
to
resist
them
.
Several
other
reasons
might
be
given
,
which
would
be
too
long
for
a
Letter
;
and
besides
it
would
be
a
great
presumption
in
me
to
think
my
opinion
ought
to
have
any
place
amongst
so
many
great
,
and
prudent
persons
,
as
you
are
in
the
King's
Army
,
&c.
From
Cadillac
the
4
th
.
of
October
1628.
The
Duke
of
Angoulesme
signified
to
him
,
how
much
he
approv'd
of
his
opinion
,
by
the
answer
he
sent
him
the
21.
of
the
same
month
,
in
these
terms
.
My
Lord
,
The
new
assurances
you
are
pleas'd
to
give
me
of
your
affection
together
with
your
prudent
advice
,
The
Duke
of
Angoulesme's
answer
.
have
given
me
an
equal
satisfaction
,
and
desire
,
to
pursue
the
course
you
conceive
most
conducing
to
the
happy
issue
of
the
Enterprize
in
hand
.
I
do
assure
you
,
I
am
absolutely
of
your
opinion
,
and
I
think
my self
very
fortunate
in
it
:
but
the
diversity
of
Judgments
amongst
us
,
producing
variety
of
counsels
,
I
fear
may
be
ruinous
to
a
design
;
the
beginning
whereof
might
otherwise
promise
a
successful
event
,
&c.
And
elsewhere
he
writes
him
word
:
That
he
submits
to
his
advice
,
as
to
a
thing
that
ought
to
stand
for
a
Law
,
and
a
Rule
;
as
well
out
of
respect
to
the
great
Wisdom
upon
which
all
his
opinions
were
grounded
,
as
to
the
perfect
knowledge
he
had
of
all
things
,
that
might
prejudice
,
or
advance
the
design
of
Rochelle
.
And
in
truth
from
the
year
1621.
that
he
had
been
employ'd
before
this
place
,
he
had
meditated
nothing
more
,
than
how
to
reduce
it
into
his
Majesties
obedience
.
So
that
I
have
seen
in
his
hands
at
one
time
thirty
several
designs
for
the
shutting
up
of
the
Port.
Pompeo
Targone
(
as
has
been
said
)
came
thither
at
that
time
to
view
the
place
,
and
the
Duke
call'd
in
several
other
Engineers
to
advise
about
it
:
but
in
the
end
concluded
upon
the
Cawsey
,
as
the
only
thing
that
could
possibly
block
up
the
Channel
.
The
sitting
down
before
Rochelle
soon
stirr'd
the
whole
Hugonot
party
into
Commotion
;
The
Commotion
of
the
whole
Hugonot
▪
Pa●ty
.
and
although
most
of
the
other
Cities
of
their
Faction
,
utterly
disclaim'd
having
any
hand
in
the
English
Invasion
,
and
seem'd
to
condemn
Soubize
for
having
call'd
them
in
:
yet
was
there
not
one
of
them
nevertheless
that
in
the
conclusion
did
not
joyn
with
them
,
or
that
refus'd
to
be
involv'd
in
the
ruine
of
that
Rebellious
City
.
It
was
impossible
the
root
of
this
Faction
could
be
so
violently
shaken
,
and
the
incorporate
branches
remain
insensible
of
the
motion
:
so
that
the
extremest
members
thereof
,
foreseeing
a
certain
,
and
general
ruine
in
the
fall
of
Rochelle
(
which
was
,
as
it
were
,
the
body
where
the
soul
of
their
Interest
did
inhabit
)
they
no
sooner
saw
it
threatned
by
these
mighty
preparations
:
but
that
the
common
safety
made
them
concur
in
the
common
defense
,
and
break
into
open
Arms
in
all
parts
of
the
Kingdom
.
In
Languedoc
,
the
Sevennes
,
and
Guienne
they
were
excited
by
the
instigation
of
the
Duke
of
Rohan
:
Montauban
follow'd
the
example
of
the
rest
,
And
of
Montauban
.
and
what
Protestations
soever
the
Inhabitants
of
that
City
had
made
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
that
they
would
continue
firm
in
their
duty
,
their
destiny
notwithstanding
over-rul'd
all
those
temperate
resolutions
,
and
the
hour
was
now
come
,
that
the
King's
Victories
must
(
in
spight
of
their
own
endeavours
to
oppose
it
)
establish
them
in
a
happier
degree
of
Peace
,
and
Safety
,
than
till
this
time
they
had
ever
enjoy'd
,
even
in
the
greatest
prosperity
of
their
Affairs
.
It
was
no
fault
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
,
that
they
did
not
obtain
this
benefit
better
cheap
,
and
by
better
ways
,
and
that
they
were
not
at
once
both
happy
,
and
innocent
:
he
often
by
Letters
put
them
in
mind
of
their
duty
,
and
of
the
promises
they
had
so
faithfully
made
him
,
to
continue
firm
therein
,
and
,
for
a
final
testimony
of
the
zeal
he
had
to
their
preservation
,
sent
to
them
one
of
the
most
powerful
instruments
he
could
possibly
make
choice
of
for
so
good
a
work
.
And
this
was
Morin
,
a
Councellor
in
the
[
](A42794-e80820-b)*
*
Chambre
de
l'
Edict
,
and
Chambre
Me-partie
is
all
one
,
it
being
(
as
has
been
said
elsewhere
)
a
Court
erected
in
favour
of
those
of
the
Religion
,
consisting
the
one
half
of
Catholicks
,
and
the
other
of
those
of
their
own
party
.
The
Prince
of
Condé
made
the
Lieutenant
General
in
Guienne
,
and
some
other
adjoyning
Province●
.
Chambre
de
l'
Edict
of
Guienne
,
a
man
of
admirable
Wit
,
and
great
Eloquence
,
to
perswade
them
to
their
own
good
,
had
they
been
capable
to
understand
it
;
and
one
the
Duke
conceiv'd
the
more
proper
for
this
imployment
,
as
being
one
of
their
own
perswasion
,
who
had
born
Arms
amongst
them
with
great
Reputation
and
Valour
,
and
who
having
upon
very
good
considerations
reconcil'd
himself
to
this
Duty
,
was
the
more
fit
to
perswade
them
to
do
a
thing
,
wherein
he
had
himself
been
a
leading
example
.
So
soon
as
these
,
and
the
rest
of
their
Party
had
declar'd
,
the
King
seeing
the
War
kindled
in
almost
all
the
Provinces
of
his
Kingdom
,
sent
away
the
Prince
of
Condé
into
Languedoc
,
in
the
quality
of
Lieutenant
General
of
his
Armies
,
not
only
in
Languedoc
,
and
Guienne
,
but
likewise
in
some
other
adjoyning
Provinces
;
to
whom
he
also
deliver'd
two
Commissions
of
Lieutenant
Generals
under
him
,
for
the
Dukes
of
Montmorency
,
and
Espernon
.
The
latter
of
these
had
no
sooner
intelligence
of
the
Prince's
arrival
at
Tholouze
,
but
that
he
immediately
posted
thither
to
pay
him
the
respect
due
to
a
Prince
of
the
Blood
,
and
from
his
own
mouth
to
receive
his
Majesties
Commands
.
He
was
there
receiv'd
by
the
Prince
with
all
the
tenderness
,
and
manifestation
of
entire
confidence
he
could
possibly
expect
,
or
desire
:
but
how
kindly
soever
he
took
this
entertainment
,
he
could
not
nevertheless
force
his
complacency
so
far
as
to
accept
of
the
Commission
the
Prince
had
to
give
him
of
Lieutenant
General
under
his
Command
.
He
at
first
defended
himself
from
it
by
several
very
civil
,
and
respective
excuses
;
telling
him
,
amongst
other
things
:
That
being
his
most
humble
Servant
(
and
he
was
effectually
so
)
no
condition
whatever
could
more
subject
him
to
his
Commands
,
than
the
respect
he
had
for
his
Quality
and
Person
had
already
done
,
and
that
for
any
thing
else
,
the
power
he
had
as
Governour
of
Guienne
,
giving
him
of
it self
sufficient
Authority
to
cause
him
to
be
obey'd
in
whatever
he
should
please
to
command
within
that
Province
,
he
did
not
stand
in
need
of
any
further
Commission
for
that
end
.
But
at
last
(
the
Prince
unwilling
to
understand
his
excuses
,
and
still
pressing
him
to
receive
it
)
the
Duke
with
his
usual
liberty
franckly
told
him
:
That
from
his
youth
till
that
time
he
had
ever
been
honour'd
with
such
Commands
immediately
under
the
King
's
his
Masters
,
without
having
ever
accepted
that
quality
under
any
other
than
themselves
;
and
that
he
did
therefore
beseech
him
he
would
please
to
permit
him
in
this
last
Act
of
his
Life
,
to
retain
a
priviledge
he
had
for
so
many
years
,
and
under
so
many
glorious
Masters
enjoy'd
.
After
so
candid
a
Declaration
,
the
Prince
would
no
more
importune
him
;
neither
did
he
discover
the
least
offense
,
or
unkindness
,
at
the
Duke's
refusal
;
which
he
had
the
more
reason
to
be
satisfied
withal
,
as
he
very
well
knew
he
had
formerly
rejected
the
same
Employment
under
the
Count
de
Soissons
.
The
Duke
had
no
sooner
taken
leave
of
the
Prince
,
but
that
he
return'd
back
in
all
diligence
towards
Bordeaux
,
to
take
order
for
the
raising
of
such
Forces
,
as
he
was
to
set
on
foot
.
He
had
at
present
no
more
,
than
the
same
Regiments
of
Foot
,
and
the
same
Troops
of
Horse
,
that
had
serv'd
before
in
the
like
occasion
,
and
those
the
Marquis
de
Monferrat
(
whom
he
had
lately
made
Lieutenant
of
his
own
Company
of
Gens
d'-Armes
)
had
order
to
draw
into
the
field
:
but
these
small
Forces
were
scarce
ready
when
the
Duke
receiv'd
intelligence
that
a
little
Town
call'd
Caussade
,
near
to
Montauban
,
had
had
the
confidence
to
declare
for
the
Hugonot
Party
.
Upon
this
news
the
just
apprehension
he
had
,
lest
the
other
Cities
of
his
Government
,
that
were
inclin'd
this
way
,
should
follow
this
ill
example
;
and
lest
in
the
end
,
instead
of
Montauban
alone
,
he
should
find
thirty
good
Cities
oppos'd
against
him
,
made
him
hasten
that
way
to
chastize
these
first
Rebels
:
but
he
was
hardly
there
arriv'd
,
when
he
understood
both
by
several
Letters
from
the
Prince
,
and
by
other
pressing
intelligence
from
the
Court
it self
,
that
the
Duke
of
Rohan
had
gather'd
together
a
considerable
body
of
an
Army
in
Sevennes
,
where
he
was
still
rallying
so
many
other
Forces
of
his
Party
,
that
of
them
he
doubted
not
to
make
up
such
an
Army
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon
opposes
himself
to
the
Duke
of
Rohan
,
who
was
moving
with
an
Army
to
the
relief
of
Rochelle
.
as
would
be
able
by
some
notable
attempt
to
divert
the
King
from
the
Enterprize
of
Rochelle
.
It
was
therefore
necessary
for
him
to
strive
with
all
his
endeavour
to
obstruct
his
passage
,
wherein
consisted
the
main
concern
of
the
whole
Affair
,
and
accordingly
he
went
about
it
,
though
not
without
great
reluctancy
,
that
he
should
approach
so
near
to
Caussade
,
and
not
stay
to
besiege
it
:
but
on
the
other
side
he
durst
not
do
it
,
lest
whilst
he
should
be
taken
up
with
an
Enterprize
of
so
little
importance
,
the
Duke
of
Rohan
might
take
that
opportunity
to
execute
his
design
.
I
heard
many
of
his
Servants
murmur
,
that
he
was
not
more
eager
of
this
Siege
,
and
he
himself
knew
very
well
,
that
the
Prince
had
writ
something
unhandsomely
of
him
to
the
Court
about
it
:
but
he
was
nothing
moved
at
all
that
noise
,
and
having
good
reason
for
what
he
did
,
nothing
had
power
to
alter
his
determination
.
Whilst
he
was
thus
vigilant
about
Montauban
to
obstruct
the
Duke
of
Rohan's
passage
,
the
Prince
of
Condé
,
who
had
made
a
very
considerable
progress
in
Languedoc
,
by
the
taking
of
Pamieres
,
Realmont
,
and
several
other
places
,
resolv'd
to
pursue
his
Victories
into
Guienne
.
There
was
a
little
corner
in
the
lower
Roüergue
,
and
bordering
upon
the
Sevennes
,
that
had
never
yet
felt
the
power
of
the
Royal
Arms
;
it
was
therefore
agreed
upon
betwixt
the
Prince
and
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
that
the
Army
should
advance
that
way
,
their
design
herein
being
,
either
to
disunite
this
little
Countrey
from
the
Duke
of
Rohan's
Interests
,
or
at
least
by
this
Enterprize
to
divert
him
from
the
design
he
had
of
moving
towards
Rochelle
;
it
being
very
unlikely
he
should
think
of
that
,
whilst
the
Cities
of
his
party
should
be
so
dangerously
engag'd
in
the
most
advantageous
Post
he
had
upon
any
occasion
to
retire
himself
unto
.
The
Prince
of
Condé
who
was
very
punctual
in
all
his
designs
,
The
Prince
of
Condé
lays
Siege
to
St.
Afrique
.
at
the
appointed
day
,
which
was
in
the
latter
end
of
May
,
presented
himself
in
sight
of
Vâbres
,
an
Episcopal
Sea
,
and
almost
the
only
Catholick
City
of
all
that
Countrey
;
to
whom
the
Duke
also
the
next
day
joyn'd
himself
with
his
Forces
.
Their
design
was
suddenly
to
clap
down
before
Saint
Afrique
,
a
Town
very
considerable
in
those
parts
,
and
exceedingly
well
fortified
:
but
the
success
of
this
Enterprize
did
by
no
means
answer
their
expectation
,
they
being
after
a
very
brisk
assault
,
vigorously
sustain'd
by
those
within
,
constrain'd
to
raise
the
Siege
;
after
which
the
Prince's
Forces
being
very
much
decreas'd
in
the
preceding
Service
,
With
ill
success
.
and
infinitely
dejected
with
this
repulse
,
as
the
Duke
's
also
were
,
it
was
necessary
to
dispose
them
into
several
Garrisons
to
refresh
them
.
It
seem'd
as
if
this
baffle
at
Saint
Afrique
had
hapned
for
no
other
end
,
but
to
justifie
the
Duke
about
the
business
of
Caussade
,
wherein
the
miscarriage
of
the
one
caus'd
his
wisdom
to
be
highly
magnified
for
not
having
attempted
the
other
;
whereas
before
both
the
Court
,
and
the
whole
Kingdom
talk'd
a
little
odly
of
his
proceeding
;
so
ready
is
ill
natur'd
mankind
to
censure
the
bravest
Spirits
upon
the
least
shadow
of
occasion
,
though
after
having
perform'd
in
the
sight
of
all
the
world
innumerable
actions
that
ought
the
least
of
them
to
defend
the
Author's
name
from
Calumny
,
upon
any
accident
of
Fortune
.
The
King
lay
at
this
time
before
Rochelle
,
and
le
Plessis
,
who
had
serv'd
in
the
Isle
of
Ré
at
the
defeat
of
the
English
with
marvellous
reputation
,
continued
to
serve
with
his
Regiment
at
this
Siege
;
where
being
upon
the
great
Scene
of
Affairs
,
and
hearing
what
was
said
of
the
Duke
his
Master
,
he
fail'd
not
to
let
him
know
what
censure
the
world
pass'd
upon
him
concerning
the
business
of
Caussade
,
and
how
he
had
been
represented
to
the
King
:
insomuch
that
the
Duke
finding
it
necessary
to
give
his
Majesty
an
accompt
of
what
had
pass'd
upon
this
occasion
,
he
dispatch'd
away
Monsieur
Fabert
,
The
Duke
sent
Monsieur
Fabert
to
Court
.
who
was
then
in
his
entertainment
,
to
Court
,
to
that
effect
.
This
Monsieur
Fabert
was
a
Gentleman
of
whose
education
the
Duke
had
had
so
particular
a
care
,
that
he
had
ever
been
either
under
his
own
eye
,
or
with
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
his
Son
;
and
having
observ'd
in
him
,
in
a
very
green
youth
,
great
courage
,
and
understanding
,
and
an
extraordinary
assiduity
,
and
application
to
matters
of
his
profession
;
and
thence
conceiving
the
hopes
of
those
rare
fruits
we
now
see
,
had
ever
honour'd
him
(
which
was
not
ordinary
with
him
to
young
people
)
with
great
demonstrations
of
particular
favour
and
esteem
.
Fabert
being
arriv'd
at
Court
,
presently
acquainted
the
King
with
the
occasion
of
his
coming
,
presenting
with
all
his
Letters
of
Credence
to
the
Cardinal
,
wherein
he
acquitted
himself
so
well
,
that
his
Majesty
remain'd
highly
satisfied
with
the
Duke's
Conduct
;
and
as
touching
the
Cardinal
,
le
Plessis
,
who
had
an
old
establish'd
familiarity
with
him
,
writ
to
the
Duke
in
a
Letter
dated
from
Perigny
the
24
th
.
of
September
,
1628.
in
these
terms
:
Before
the
arrival
of
Monsieur
Fabert
,
there
were
various
discourses
of
your
proceeding
at
Caussade
;
wherein
,
though
some
were
prompted
by
their
malice
,
yet
even
the
most
moderate
,
and
who
spoke
neither
out
of
Envy
,
nor
Disaffection
,
could
not
absolutely
acquit
your
Reputation
:
but
since
his
coming
,
all
men
unanimously
applaud
your
Wisdom
;
insomuch
that
Cardinal
Richelieu
himself
,
who
before
in
obscure
language
would
sometimes
give
me
private
touches
of
reproach
(
to
which
I
could
return
no
other
answer
,
than
to
entreat
he
would
suspend
his
Judgment
,
till
you
writ
to
Court
)
has
confess'd
to
me
since
,
that
had
you
engag'd
in
that
Siege
,
Monsieur
de
Rohan
had
doubtless
pass'd
by
,
as
he
had
promis'd
the
Rochellers
;
and
that
you
had
been
so
long
in
possession
of
well
doing
,
that
it
was
henceforward
impossible
for
you
to
do
amiss
.
After
the
raising
of
the
Siege
of
Saint
Afrique
,
they
were
now
to
think
of
a
second
devastation
of
Montauban
,
and
to
make
the
innocent
Countrey
suffer
for
the
Crimes
of
that
rebellious
City
:
to
effect
which
,
the
Duke
had
only
two
Regiments
remaining
of
three
that
he
had
rais'd
;
the
third
which
was
that
of
Saint
Croix
d'
Ornano
,
having
by
the
Prince
been
taken
into
the
Body
of
his
own
Army
:
yet
did
he
not
for
all
this
refuse
to
undertake
this
difficult
Enterprize
,
which
nevertheless
I
do
verily
believe
he
could
never
have
been
able
to
execute
,
without
the
assistance
of
a
great
number
of
gallant
Gentlemen
Volunteers
,
to
whose
Valour
(
as
has
been
already
said
)
he
stood
oblig'd
for
most
of
the
Services
he
perform'd
for
the
King
in
that
Province
.
The
business
was
therefore
perform'd
with
very
good
success
,
not
that
the
Enemy
did
not
make
a
stout
Opposition
,
and
did
not
daily
engage
the
Duke's
small
Forces
:
but
it
was
ever
to
their
own
loss
.
Whilst
matters
went
thus
prosperously
on
,
the
continual
toil
wherewith
the
Duke
had
been
exercis'd
during
this
whole
Campagne
,
had
so
overcome
his
spirits
,
that
the
fell
dangerously
sick
at
Castelsarrazin
;
The
Duke
of
Espernon
falls
●●ck
.
where
,
how
importunate
soever
his
Physician
was
with
him
to
retire
from
the
ill
air
of
that
Countrey
,
corrupted
no
doubt
by
the
excessive
heats
,
and
the
length
of
the
War
,
which
had
there
continued
for
almost
five
years
together
without
intermission
,
he
was
notwithstanding
obstinate
to
continue
in
his
Camp
,
and
would
by
no
perswasions
be
drawn
to
forsake
his
Army
.
Neither
,
though
his
indisposition
confin'd
him
to
his
bed
,
could
it
hinder
his
indefatigable
mind
from
still
working
upon
his
business
:
he
would
have
his
people
to
bring
him
an
hourly
accompt
of
all
that
pass'd
,
and
his
Genius
inspiring
his
followers
with
the
same
good
Fortune
had
ever
attended
him
in
all
his
designs
,
he
(
even
in
the
most
violent
height
of
his
distemper
)
gave
himself
Orders
,
the
execution
whereof
made
him
ever
victorious
.
But
after
having
long
strugled
with
his
Disease
,
he
must
at
last
give
way
to
its
violence
;
and
his
strength
by
the
agitation
of
his
mind
visibly
impairing
,
made
his
Physician
begin
to
apprehend
a
more
dangerous
issue
of
his
distemper
,
than
was
at
first
suspected
.
They
were
therefore
constrain'd
whether
he
would
or
no
to
force
him
from
his
Camp
,
and
to
carry
him
aboard
a
Boat
,
in
which
he
was
convey'd
upon
the
River
Garonne
,
and
the
next
day
brought
to
his
own
House
Cadillac
;
where
he
was
scarcely
arriv'd
,
The
Duke
recovers
.
but
that
the
change
of
air
produc'd
a
manifest
alteration
in
his
health
,
which
in
a
few
days
was
succeeded
by
a
perfect
recovery
.
The
waste
having
been
made
about
Montauban
,
it
was
still
necessary
to
leave
some
Forces
thereabouts
,
to
hinder
the
excursions
of
those
of
the
City
;
which
Forces
,
though
very
few
,
were
notwithstanding
so
conveniently
dispos'd
,
that
the
Enemy
could
never
make
any
advantage
of
their
own
numbers
.
The
Marquis
de
Monferrant
(
who
together
with
the
Lieutenancy
of
the
Duke
's
Gens
d'-Armes
,
had
at
his
recommendation
moreover
obtain'd
the
Office
of
Mareschal
de
Camp
)
was
left
to
command
them
;
an
employment
wherein
he
so
well
discharg'd
himself
,
as
besides
the
honour
he
deserv'd
for
having
with
so
few
men
bridled
the
Licence
of
so
populous
a
City
,
he
further
acquir'd
that
of
having
kept
those
men
in
so
admirable
a
Discipline
,
that
there
was
never
the
least
complaint
made
of
any
disorder
,
or
the
least
insolence
committed
by
any
of
his
party
.
Whilst
in
Languedoc
,
and
Guienne
the
King's
Forces
were
taken
up
with
these
petty
Enterprizes
,
his
Majesty
in
his
own
person
continued
to
streighten
Rochelle
both
by
Sea
and
Land
;
carrying
on
the
Siege
with
so
much
vigour
,
and
conduct
,
that
after
having
made
the
besieg'd
suffer
extremities
,
far
beyond
what
we
read
of
with
horror
in
the
most
sensless
obstinacies
of
other
desperate
Cities
;
he
at
last
reduc'd
them
to
a
necessity
of
submitting
to
his
Royal
Mercy
.
In
which
Surrender
,
Rochelle
surrendred
to
the
King
.
though
the
wilful
blindness
wherewith
the
Rochellers
had
been
so
long
possess'd
,
had
kept
them
from
looking
into
their
own
miserable
condition
,
till
they
had
consum'd
not
only
all
provisions
fit
for
the
use
of
man
;
but
also
all
that
the
extremest
hunger
could
compel
the
uncleanest
creatures
to
convert
to
food
:
they
yet
found
they
had
not
exhausted
the
King's
Royal
goodness
,
who
had
enough
left
to
pardon
the
miserable
remains
of
those
wretched
people
,
the
length
,
and
sufferings
of
the
Siege
had
yet
left
alive
,
preserving
so
those
that
had
try'd
,
and
had
not
been
able
to
effect
their
own
destruction
,
and
exercising
his
Clemency
,
upon
such
as
had
no
compassion
of
themselves
.
To
conclude
he
made
himself
Master
of
Rochelle
,
that
is
to
say
,
absolute
King
of
France
,
which
,
till
this
City
was
reduc'd
,
he
could
not
properly
have
been
said
to
be
.
This
glorious
year
was
concluded
by
this
happy
Victory
,
Anno
1629.
a
success
by
which
all
the
occasions
of
those
civil
discords
,
which
the
difference
of
Religions
had
hitherto
almost
continually
fomented
,
were
so
totally
rooted
up
,
as
gave
us
for
the
future
leisure
to
prosecute
our
Forein
designs
;
wherein
we
have
since
been
so
fortunate
,
as
by
the
success
of
our
Arms
to
be
secur'd
of
a
firm
,
and
last
repose
for
the
time
to
come
,
if
we
can
continue
this
good
union
,
and
intelligence
amongst
our selves
;
the
breach
whereof
can
alone
encourage
our
Neighbours
to
attempt
upon
our
Peace
.
The
King
being
yet
before
Rochelle
,
and
the
Town
upon
the
point
of
Surrender
,
his
resolution
was
absolutely
bent
upon
reducing
the
remaining
Cities
of
the
Hugonot
Party
to
the
same
obedience
;
in
order
whereunto
his
Majesty
sent
a
Letter
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
to
acquaint
him
with
so
much
of
his
design
as
concern'd
the
Province
where
he
had
the
honour
to
Command
;
a
Dispatch
that
was
sent
away
by
Servient
,
who
was
to
be
both
the
Bearer
of
this
Missive
,
and
the
Interpreter
of
his
Majesties
further
Intentions
.
The
Employment
this
Gentleman
had
been
upon
into
that
Countrey
the
preceding
year
,
about
the
business
of
the
Carrick
,
and
the
dexterity
,
and
prudence
he
had
discover'd
in
the
management
of
that
Affair
,
had
made
him
by
the
King
thought
worthy
of
,
and
sufficient
for
the
Office
of
Intendant
de
la
Iustice
,
&
Police
in
Guienne
,
with
which
he
was
at
this
time
invested
:
but
that
being
such
a
Commission
as
is
hardly
to
be
executed
in
Provinces
,
that
have
Parliaments
of
their
own
,
without
intrenching
upon
,
or
at
least
,
giving
offense
unto
their
Authority
,
soon
begot
a
feud
betwixt
the
Parliament
of
Bordeaux
and
him
;
which
grew
at
last
to
such
a
height
,
that
Servient
was
fain
to
prefer
a
complaint
to
the
Council
of
some
affronts
he
had
receiv'd
from
that
Assembly
;
whereupon
he
had
granted
him
a
Sentence
of
Prohibition
,
together
with
a
Citation
of
personal
appearance
against
the
first
President
de
Gourgues
,
and
some
other
Members
of
that
Court
.
They
must
therefore
of
necessity
appear
,
and
accordingly
the
first
President
came
in
at
the
appointed
time
;
where
presenting
himself
before
the
King
,
to
justifie
the
proceeding
that
had
occasion'd
this
Citation
,
his
reception
was
a
little
severe
.
The
King
,
dissatisfied
with
him
,
as
was
said
,
upon
other
accompts
,
commanded
him
to
speak
kneeling
;
which
the
President
making
some
difficulty
to
do
,
as
an
unusual
form
▪
the
King
,
rising
from
his
seat
,
pull'd
him
by
the
Robe
to
compel
him
to
it
.
'T
is
said
,
that
even
in
this
very
act
,
and
the
confusion
the
face
of
an
incens'd
Prince
might
reasonably
have
put
any
man
into
,
the
President
immediately
recollecting
himself
,
spoke
of
the
violence
was
offer'd
to
him
,
with
an
Efficacy
,
and
Eloquence
that
astonish'd
all
that
heard
him
,
and
that
was
so
powerful
,
as
to
extract
some
gentle
and
satisfactory
expressions
even
from
the
King
himself
:
but
this
was
also
the
last
lightning
of
his
Wit
,
and
he
seem'd
to
have
mustred
all
his
Forces
for
this
one
piece
of
Service
,
ending
his
Life
almost
as
soon
as
his
Oration
;
who
though
of
a
contemptible
stature
,
and
an
infirm
constitution
,
but
of
a
strange
vivacity
,
and
courage
,
was
so
wounded
with
the
sense
of
the
King's
severity
,
that
he
was
never
after
to
be
comforted
;
but
retiring
,
already
●ick
,
The
death
of
〈◊〉
Chief
President
de
Gourgues
.
out
of
his
Majesties
presence
,
dyed
a
very
few
days
after
.
He
had
this
obligation
to
the
Duke
of
Espernons
unkindness
,
that
it
discover'd
in
him
a
great
many
excellent
qualities
,
that
would
otherwise
have
been
buried
in
his
Ashes
;
for
had
he
in
truth
had
nothing
more
to
do
,
than
meerly
to
have
exercis'd
the
ordinary
functions
of
his
place
,
he
would
even
in
that
capacity
have
met
with
concurrences
enough
to
have
disputed
that
honour
with
him
:
but
having
had
opportunity
to
manifest
his
courage
in
so
mighty
,
and
dangerous
a
dispute
,
his
Eloquence
in
so
many
Illustrious
Assemblies
,
and
his
Zeal
for
the
dignity
,
and
honour
of
his
Fraternity
,
in
so
many
notable
,
and
important
occasions
,
has
left
behind
him
so
fair
a
memory
,
that
he
does
at
this
day
pass
,
in
the
opinions
of
all
that
knew
him
,
for
one
of
the
greatest
men
that
ever
presided
in
that
Court
.
If
the
King's
success
in
the
reducing
of
Rochelle
gave
a
high
reputation
to
the
Royal
Arms
,
the
quick
dispatch
of
that
Siege
was
of
no
less
utility
to
his
other
Affairs
;
for
every
one
imagining
this
Victory
would
have
cost
as
many
years
,
as
he
was
months
about
it
,
that
opinion
was
so
generally
receiv'd
,
and
concluded
for
so
infallible
a
truth
by
all
the
neighbouring
Princes
,
that
there
was
hardly
one
,
who
had
not
propos'd
to
himself
some
advantage
,
or
other
from
this
long
diversion
;
either
to
the
prejudice
of
his
Majesties
Reputation
,
or
to
that
of
his
Affairs
.
The
King
of
Spain
therefore
,
the
King
of
England
,
the
Dukes
of
Savoy
,
and
Lorain
,
entred
into
a
powerful
League
,
that
every
one
might
make
his
benefit
of
this
Civil
War
:
Wherein
Spain
and
Savoy
doubted
not
,
without
any
resistance
,
to
possess
themselves
of
the
Territories
of
the
Duke
of
Mantua
,
an
Ally
,
and
a
Vassal
to
this
Crown
:
The
design
of
the
English
was
not
only
to
relieve
and
reestablish
the
remains
of
the
Reform'd
Religion
in
France
;
but
also
to
revenge
themselves
for
the
losses
they
had
sustain'd
in
the
business
of
the
Isle
of
Ré
,
and
the
Duke
of
Lorain
(
an
ambitious
,
and
offended
Prince
)
propos'd
to
himself
,
and
that
without
much
difficulty
,
the
usurpation
of
the
three
Bishopricks
of
Metz
,
Toul
,
and
Verdun
,
which
,
as
they
were
naturally
members
of
it
,
would
bring
an
equal
addition
of
benefit
,
and
honour
to
his
own
Dukedom
.
The
last
of
the
foremention'd
Princes
not
daring
to
begin
the
quarrel
,
staid
expecting
when
the
other
Confederates
should
break
the
Ice
,
in
the
mean
time
concealing
his
designs
under
a
dissembled
shew
of
Friendship
;
and
the
King
of
England
,
not
well
recover'd
of
the
late
Blow
,
had
no
mind
to
declare
without
the
concurrence
of
the
Duke
of
Lorain
:
so
that
whilst
these
two
Princes
sate
still
in
mutual
expectation
,
which
should
lead
the
Field
,
the
King
of
Spain
,
and
the
Duke
of
Savoy
,
falling
smartly
to
work
,
Spain
and
Savoy
invade
Mantua
.
had
by
Arms
so
far
advanc'd
their
designs
,
that
they
had
already
possess'd
themselves
of
most
of
the
Duke
of
Mantua's
Cities
,
and
excepting
Casal
,
and
Mantua
it self
,
were
masters
of
the
whole
Dutchy
.
The
King
,
justly
incens'd
at
so
great
an
injury
offer'd
to
him
in
the
person
of
his
Ally
,
might
reasonably
enough
have
reveng'd
himself
by
the
same
way
,
by
which
he
had
been
offended
;
but
retaining
,
it
should
seem
,
a
greater
respect
for
the
Duke
of
Savoy
,
than
he
had
done
for
him
,
he
dispatch'd
an
Ambassadour
to
him
to
complain
That
without
denouncing
of
War
,
and
to
the
violation
of
their
former
Treaties
,
he
had
taken
Arms
against
a
Prince
,
whom
as
an
Ally
he
was
oblig'd
in
honour
to
protect
;
advising
him
in
the
conclusion
,
either
to
restore
things
to
the
condition
wherein
he
had
found
them
,
or
to
prepare
himself
to
withstand
the
utmost
power
of
his
Arms
,
which
he
was
resolv'd
to
employ
for
the
vindication
of
his
own
Honour
,
and
the
protection
of
his
Friends
,
and
Allies
.
If
the
Duke
of
Savoy
(
a
Prince
truly
great
in
all
things
)
had
not
yet
been
more
ambitious
,
than
he
was
great
,
it
had
been
no
hard
matter
for
him
to
have
found
out
such
a
remedy
,
as
might
easily
have
prevented
the
ensuing
War
;
but
being
big
with
the
hope
of
taking
Monferrat
,
he
was
not
to
be
perswaded
to
give
over
an
Enterprize
,
which
he
thought
as
good
as
certain
to
him
.
He
could
not
imagine
that
the
King's
Army
tir'd
out
,
as
it
was
,
with
the
incommodities
of
a
tedious
Siege
,
could
be
in
any
condition
of
coming
to
trouble
his
designs
;
neither
did
he
believe
that
the
King
himself
,
who
had
been
expos'd
to
the
same
inconveniences
his
Army
had
suffer'd
,
could
be
so
soon
able
in
his
own
person
to
undertake
so
troublesome
a
Journey
▪
which
being
presuppos'd
,
nothing
could
have
power
to
hinder
his
Affairs
;
so
that
endeavouring
to
hold
his
Majesty
in
hand
,
without
giving
his
Ambassadour
any
positive
answer
,
or
absolutely
engaging
his
word
,
he
still
continued
his
Usurpation
.
The
King
impatient
of
this
injury
to
his
own
person
,
and
more
of
the
injustice
done
to
the
Duke
of
Mantua
,
with
a
Resolution
as
generous
in
it self
,
as
the
execution
prov'd
glorious
to
his
Name
,
concluded
the
following
February
,
to
cross
the
Alpes
,
and
through
all
the
difficulties
of
Snow
,
and
Ice
,
to
force
his
way
to
the
defense
of
his
Honour
,
The
King
goes
into
Italy
.
which
in
Italy
was
so
highly
engag'd
.
An
Expedition
that
the
Duke
of
Savoy
finding
he
could
not
with
all
his
dexterity
prevent
,
he
resolv'd
by
Arms
to
guard
the
Entry
into
his
own
Dukedom
:
and
to
that
end
he
caus'd
the
passage
of
Suze
(
a
pass
nature
her self
had
made
inaccessible
(
if
any
thing
could
be
so
to
Valour
)
to
be
strangely
fortified
:
The
Duke
de
la
Valette
forces
le
pas
de
Suze
.
but
this
strong
Post
the
King
made
no
difficulty
to
assault
,
in
which
Service
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
Colonel
of
the
Foot
,
putting
himself
in
the
head
of
the
Forlorn
Hope
,
drawn
out
of
the
Regiment
of
Guards
,
first
mounted
the
Enemies
Works
,
and
shewing
himself
as
much
Superiour
to
his
Followers
in
bravery
,
as
he
was
in
Command
,
in
a
few
hours
overcame
all
difficulties
,
both
of
Mountains
,
and
men
that
oppos'd
his
way
.
The
Duke
of
Savoy
after
this
defeat
,
not
knowing
what
to
oppose
against
the
King's
victorious
Arms
,
since
his
best
Forces
,
when
fortified
in
a
Post
of
so
great
advantage
,
had
not
been
able
to
withstand
them
,
began
to
see
his
danger
,
and
to
perceive
he
had
no
way
left
but
by
an
Accommodation
to
defend
himself
from
manifest
and
apparent
ruine
;
which
made
him
sue
to
the
King
for
Peace
,
and
obtain'd
it
upon
condition
,
the
Duke
should
favour
the
passage
of
his
Army
to
the
relief
of
the
Duke
of
Mantua
so
unjustly
invaded
:
An
Accommodation
with
Savoy
being
thus
concluded
,
the
Spaniard
,
who
despair'd
of
being
able
to
make
good
his
ground
in
the
open
Field
,
against
an
Army
that
had
with
so
great
facility
forc'd
the
Duke
of
Savoy's
people
in
their
own
Trenches
,
thought
fit
to
accept
of
the
same
conditions
;
and
accordingly
not
only
rose
from
before
Casal
,
but
moreover
restor'd
all
the
places
they
had
already
taken
in
the
Duke
of
Mantua's
Dominions
,
wisely
choosing
rather
to
give
way
to
the
King's
Fortune
,
than
to
run
the
hazard
of
a
Battel
,
the
event
whereof
they
fear'd
would
be
fatal
to
them
:
though
this
discretion
only
serv'd
to
defer
for
a
time
the
Victories
heaven
had
destin'd
for
us
over
that
insolent
,
and
implacable
Nation
.
Doubtless
had
the
King
pleas'd
to
have
made
use
of
this
occasion
,
and
the
power
he
had
to
effect
any
design
he
would
have
undertaken
,
he
might
at
this
time
with
great
facility
have
given
the
Spanish
Forces
such
a
blow
,
that
they
would
not
of
many
years
after
have
been
in
any
condition
to
have
brav'd
him
again
in
Italy
:
but
his
Majesty
,
contenting
himself
with
having
rescu'd
his
Ally
from
the
oppression
of
those
two
mighty
Enemies
,
would
not
in
his
own
person
seem
to
violate
that
Equity
and
Justice
he
had
travell'd
so
far
to
defend
.
If
the
Forein
Princes
had
taken
a
wrong
measure
in
the
belief
they
had
entertain'd
of
the
length
of
the
Siege
of
Rochelle
,
the
Duke
of
Rohan
was
no
less
mistaken
in
the
Expedition
of
Italy
;
wherein
he
doubted
not
his
Majesty
would
meet
with
so
many
great
,
and
tedious
difficulties
,
that
he
hop'd
himself
(
who
was
the
soul
of
his
whole
Party
)
might
in
the
mean
time
,
and
in
the
interval
of
the
King's
absence
,
infuse
so
much
vigour
into
his
declining
cause
,
as
that
they
would
be
in
a
condition
for
some
time
at
least
,
to
defend
themselves
.
He
had
therefore
taken
Arms
in
the
Sevennes
,
The
Duke
of
〈◊〉
takes
Arms
whilst
the
King
is
in
Italy
.
and
with
the
assistance
of
the
Cities
of
Montauban
,
Nismes
,
Millaut
,
Castres
,
Privas
,
Vsetz
,
and
some
others
,
had
got
such
a
body
of
an
Army
together
,
as
therewith
he
hop'd
to
maintain
himself
in
that
little
angle
of
the
Kingdom
,
and
either
presently
to
obtain
some
advantageous
conditions
,
or
to
expect
a
more
favourable
time
for
the
reestablishment
of
his
depressed
party
.
In
the
mean
time
he
treated
secretly
with
Spain
,
from
whence
he
had
also
obtain'd
a
promise
of
some
supply
of
money
:
but
the
King
,
who
had
intelligence
of
his
practice
,
returning
with
the
same
celerity
out
of
Italy
into
France
,
in
the
most
violent
heats
of
Summer
,
with
which
he
had
pass'd
out
of
France
into
Italy
in
the
greatest
extremity
of
Winter
,
presented
himself
before
Privas
(
one
of
the
Rebel
Cities
)
in
Iune
,
which
also
at
his
first
coming
he
carried
by
assault
:
after
which
Aletz
,
another
of
the
same
principles
,
surrendred
without
any
resistance
.
The
Duke
of
Rohan
,
observing
what
a
t●rror
the
taking
of
these
two
places
had
infus'd
into
his
whole
Faction
;
and
knowing
on
the
other
side
that
a
Peace
with
Italy
,
and
England
was
already
concluded
,
began
to
apprehend
at
last
he
should
be
totally
deserted
by
all
his
Confederates
,
and
Friends
,
and
left
alone
to
bear
the
shock
of
his
Majesties
victorious
Arms
;
which
made
him
in
time
seriously
to
apply
himself
to
his
mercy
,
to
avoid
the
severe
effects
of
his
Justice
.
One
of
the
most
powerful
motives
that
induc'd
him
to
sue
for
this
Peace
,
was
doubtless
the
blocking
up
of
Monta●ban
,
and
the
waste
that
,
now
the
third
time
by
express
order
from
the
King
,
was
made
round
about
that
City
.
The
Duke
of
Rohan
had
plac'd
his
latest
refuge
in
the
strength
of
this
place
,
and
had
ever
hop'd
,
whilst
it
could
maintain
it self
in
a
condition
to
sustain
a
tedious
Siege
,
that
resistance
would
infallibly
put
him
into
a
capacity
of
obtaining
very
good
Conditions
:
but
the
King
,
who
had
foreseen
this
design
,
writ
to
the
Prince
of
Condé
to
joyn
himself
with
the
Duke
of
Espernon
(
to
whom
he
also
writ
at
the
same
time
to
the
same
effect
)
to
deprive
Montauban
,
by
destroying
their
Fruits
,
of
all
possibility
of
subsistance
,
and
therein
the
Duke
of
Rohan
of
the
assistance
he
promis'd
to
himself
from
thence
in
the
last
extremity
of
his
declining
Affairs
.
The
Prince
would
himself
be
the
bearer
of
this
Dispatch
,
dated
from
Suze
the
27
th
.
of
April
,
and
accordingly
arriv'd
at
Bordeaux
in
the
latter
end
of
May
;
where
betwixt
him
,
and
the
Duke
,
all
things
were
soon
concluded
on
for
the
execution
of
his
Majesties
Commands
:
an
Enterprize
,
that
although
the
Duke
had
neither
competent
Forces
,
nor
other
means
wherewithal
to
perform
it
,
that
no
order
had
been
sent
either
for
money
to
raise
men
,
to
furnish
ammunitions
of
War
,
or
to
buy
provisions
for
the
support
of
the
Army
;
his
affection
to
the
Service
notwithstanding
supplying
all
other
defects
,
he
soon
put
himself
into
a
condition
to
second
the
Princes
desires
;
wherein
he
was
indeed
necessitated
almost
alone
to
undertake
the
business
,
how
difficult
soever
he
knew
it
to
be
:
For
the
Prince
being
oblig'd
by
his
Command
to
have
an
especial
eye
to
the
higher
Languedoc
,
his
presence
was
there
very
requisite
,
and
almost
continually
requir'd
:
but
the
Duke
fail'd
not
,
for
any
other
consideration
,
according
to
his
custom
,
to
acquit
himself
very
exactly
of
his
share
of
the
work
.
Whilst
the
Duke
was
in
the
heat
of
this
execution
,
the
Peace
was
concluded
with
the
Duke
of
Rohan
in
Iuly
,
which
all
the
other
Cities
of
his
Faction
likewise
accepted
,
excepting
Montauban
which
for
some
days
stood
out
;
not
that
they
did
not
desire
it
equally
with
the
rest
,
they
had
suffer'd
too
much
,
and
were
reduc'd
to
too
necessitous
a
condition
to
oppose
their
own
quiet
:
but
the
Duke
(
whatsoever
those
of
Montauban
could
pretend
)
to
wit
,
That
having
suffer'd
so
much
by
his
Arms
they
could
not
consent
to
allow
him
the
honour
of
having
subdu'd
them
)
very
well
understood
that
all
those
excuses
were
suggested
to
them
by
the
Cardinal
,
who
ambitious
to
have
the
honour
of
totally
suppressing
that
party
attributed
to
himself
,
did
especially
desire
,
that
this
City
(
which
after
the
surrender
of
Rochelle
was
become
the
Metropolis
of
the
Faction
)
should
be
deliver'd
up
into
his
hands
.
He
had
therefore
acquainted
the
principal
of
the
Inhabitants
,
that
it
was
from
him
alone
they
were
to
expect
whatever
advantages
they
could
propose
to
themselves
from
this
Accommodation
,
and
that
it
would
therefore
concern
them
to
reserve
themselves
entirely
for
him
,
to
be
the
more
worthy
of
his
protection
,
from
whence
they
might
derive
a
greater
support
,
than
from
all
other
powers
upon
earth
.
The
Duke
nettled
at
this
usage
,
and
unable
in
the
interests
of
Honour
to
give
place
to
any
whomsoever
,
retir'd
himself
to
his
House
Cadillac
,
with
a
resolution
seeing
the
Cardinal
would
by
his
Authority
ravish
from
him
an
honour
,
he
had
by
his
Services
so
highly
de●erv'd
,
not
to
pay
him
so
much
as
the
civility
of
a
Visit
in
his
Government
,
into
which
he
was
now
coming
,
to
take
possession
of
Montauban
,
The
Cardinal
come
;
to
Mont●ub●n
.
as
if
he
had
been
the
man
had
reduc'd
it
:
But
the
Cardinal
,
whose
design
it
was
(
as
has
been
said
)
to
engross
to
himself
the
whole
reputation
of
this
War
,
thought
nothing
would
so
much
illustrate
his
Triumph
,
as
to
receive
a
Visit
from
the
Duke
of
Espernon
in
one
of
the
principal
Cities
of
his
own
Government
,
and
conceiving
such
a
Complement
would
pass
in
the
opinion
of
all
the
world
for
an
absolute
testimony
of
an
entire
submission
,
he
was
infinitely
desirous
to
have
him
won
to
that
complacency
;
which
being
he
could
not
handsomely
try
to
do
directly
from
himself
,
he
caus'd
him
to
be
very
highly
importun'd
to
that
purpose
,
by
some
of
the
Duke
's
own
peculiar
friends
,
who
were
at
that
time
about
his
person
.
These
Gentlemen
therefore
,
and
amongst
others
particularly
Mareschal
Bassompierre
represented
to
the
Duke
,
that
all
this
time
an
enterview
betwixt
the
Cardinal
and
him
was
highly
necessary
to
the
good
of
his
own
Affairs
,
without
which
he
could
not
possibly
avoid
giving
a
mortal
Affront
to
a
man
become
absolute
at
Court
by
the
ruine
of
a
Faction
,
which
alone
had
hitherto
serv'd
for
an
allay
to
the
excess
of
his
power
.
An
advice
that
was
so
well
seconded
by
le
Plessis
,
who
of
all
others
had
the
greatest
sway
with
the
Duke
,
and
fortified
with
so
many
powerful
Arguments
,
that
at
last
he
resolv'd
upon
this
Visit.
Yet
do
I
very
well
remember
with
how
great
reluctancy
it
was
,
and
with
how
strange
a
violence
upon
his
own
humour
,
and
haughty
spirit
,
that
he
suffer'd
himself
to
be
overrul'd
in
this
particular
,
and
how
unwillingly
he
set
out
towards
Montauban
.
Though
the
Cardinal
was
very
much
press'd
by
his
own
Interests
to
go
in
all
diligence
after
the
King
,
who
had
taken
the
way
to
Paris
immediately
upon
the
conclusion
of
the
Treaty
,
it
is
notwithstanding
most
certain
,
that
he
waited
two
whole
days
together
the
Duke's
coming
to
Montauban
;
where
when
he
came
,
he
receiv'd
him
with
extraordinary
kindness
,
and
respect
,
and
though
many
things
had
pass'd
upon
leveral
occasions
that
might
reasonably
enough
beget
ill
blood
betwixt
them
,
The
D●ke
gives
the
Cardinal
a
vis●●
at
Montau●an
〈◊〉
,
and
is
very
well
receiv'd
by
him
.
the
Cardinal
by
an
excess
of
freedom
,
and
civility
,
gave
manifest
testimonies
,
that
he
retain'd
no
memory
of
any
former
unkindness
:
but
on
the
contrary
protested
,
that
he
would
value
the
Duke's
friendship
preferrably
to
any
other
persons
in
the
Kingdom
,
which
was
his
own
expression
;
and
upon
an
intimation
the
Duke
gave
him
,
that
he
had
occasion
to
make
a
Journey
to
Court
,
promis'd
him
,
that
soo
soon
as
he
should
see
the
King
,
he
would
procure
him
leave
so
to
do
;
a
thing
,
which
with
all
the
importunities
he
could
make
,
the
Duke
had
before
not
been
able
to
obtain
:
Neither
did
the
Cardinal
limit
his
offers
here
,
he
assuring
him
moreover
,
that
he
would
serve
him
in
all
things
,
and
if
he
would
give
him
leave
,
supply
the
place
of
a
fourth
Son
to
him
,
wherein
he
would
contend
with
the
other
three
,
which
should
pay
him
the
greatest
honour
,
which
were
the
express
terms
of
his
Complement
.
The
next
day
after
his
arrival
,
the
Cardinal
treated
him
in
his
own
Lodgings
,
where
he
gave
him
the
chief
place
of
honour
at
the
Table
,
notwithstanding
the
Duke
of
Montmorency
was
there
present
,
omitting
no
civility
that
might
beget
a
strict
League
of
Friendship
betwixt
them
:
so
that
it
is
most
certain
,
could
the
Duke
have
bow'd
a
little
,
and
discretly
have
husbanded
these
good
dispositions
,
he
might
have
improv'd
them
infinitely
much
to
his
own
advantage
:
but
according
to
his
custom
,
either
as
if
he
hd
repented
the
having
done
too
much
;
or
as
if
he
had
a
mind
to
blot
out
what
any
one
could
lay
to
his
charge
for
having
condescended
too
low
in
this
visit
,
by
retaining
a
kind
of
a
grum
reservednes
in
the
rest
of
his
Actions
,
he
overthrew
in
a
moment
all
the
good
his
friends
expected
he
should
reap
from
this
complacency
:
insomuch
that
I
have
often
heard
le
Plessis
wish
he
had
never
advis'd
him
to
it
.
After
they
were
risen
from
the
Table
,
the
Duke
being
withdrawn
to
a
Window
in
the
Room
where
they
had
din'd
to
entertain
the
Duke
of
Montpensier
in
private
;
the
Cardinal
,
who
had
the
Archbishop
of
Bordeaux
in
very
high
consideration
,
came
to
present
him
to
the
Duke
to
reconcile
him
to
him
.
This
Pr●late
had
apply'd
himself
particularly
to
the
Cardinal's
Service
,
and
by
a
great
complacency
in
all
things
,
having
adapted
himself
to
his
humour
,
and
by
that
means
got
into
a
high
degree
of
favour
with
him
,
had
entreated
the
Cardinal
by
his
Interest
to
put
him
upon
good
terms
with
the
Duke
;
there
having
since
the
Archbishop's
advancement
to
that
Dignity
(
which
fell
to
him
by
the
death
of
the
Cardinal
de
Sourdis
his
Brother
)
some
differences
hapned
betwixt
the
Duke
,
and
him
,
that
had
begot
a
little
distance
betwixt
them
.
I
was
present
at
this
Dinner
(
led
thither
by
my
curiosity
as
some
others
were
)
and
(
if
it
may
be
call'd
one
)
consequently
at
this
Reconciliation
:
When
the
Cardinal
,
who
had
already
prepar'd
the
Duke
for
the
busienss
,
and
thought
he
had
conquer'd
his
animosity
,
coming
to
him
to
the
Window
,
where
he
stood
,
said
to
him
these
words
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon
gives
Cardinal
Richelieu
new
cause
of
oftense
.
My
Lord
,
I
here
present
you
the
Archbishop
of
Bordeaux
,
who
is
resolv'd
to
be
your
Servant
;
and
I
therefore
intreat
you
to
be
his
friend
upon
my
accompt
:
to
which
the
Duke
scornfully
turning
that
way
,
coldly
reply'd
,
My
Lord
the
Archbishop
and
I
know
one
another
very
well
:
After
which
,
and
a
salute
as
cold
as
his
complement
,
he
turn'd
again
without
more
Ceremony
towards
the
Duke
of
Montpensier
,
and
follow'd
on
his
discourse
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon
had
no
friend
,
nor
Servant
there
,
that
could
not
heartily
have
wish'd
this
action
had
pass'd
after
a
more
obliging
fashion
:
but
that
was
all
could
be
got
from
him
.
It
is
not
to
be
doubted
but
that
this
indifferency
highly
disoblig'd
the
Cardinal
,
Which
is
nevertheless
dissembled
by
the
Card●nal
.
who
found
by
that
he
had
not
yet
acquir'd
so
great
an
Empire
over
the
Duke
's
haughty
spirit
,
as
by
his
great
civilities
he
hop'd
he
had
gain'd
upon
him
:
he
nevertheless
retir'd
into
his
Chamber
without
taking
any
more
notice
at
all
,
and
conquering
his
own
passion
,
chose
rather
to
attribute
that
odd
carriage
to
the
Duke
's
imperious
humour
(
which
he
had
practis'd
so
long
,
as
to
be
well
enough
acquainted
with
it
)
than
to
lose
the
earnest
he
had
already
given
towards
the
purchase
of
his
friendship
.
He
continued
therefore
to
use
him
with
the
same
respect
he
had
hitherto
done
,
and
was
yet
so
highly
civil
to
him
,
that
the
next
day
when
he
departed
from
Montauban
to
go
towards
the
Court
,
accompanied
with
the
Duke
of
Montpensier
,
Mareschal
Bassompierre
,
and
several
other
persons
fo
very
great
quality
,
that
follow'd
his
Litter
on
Horseback
;
he
was
so
highly
respective
to
the
Duke
,
that
he
would
not
offer
to
go
into
it
,
so
long
as
the
Duke
staid
with
him
,
which
was
nevertheless
half
a
League
at
least
from
the
City
,
but
entertain'd
him
all
the
way
on
Horseback
,
though
so
soon
as
he
took
his
leave
he
went
into
his
Litter
,
without
retaining
the
same
respect
to
any
of
the
rest
.
I
cannot
,
before
I
proced
any
further
,
omit
an
observation
I
made
at
the
Entertainment
,
of
which
we
are
now
speaking
,
and
of
which
the
several
misfortunes
of
the
most
eminent
persons
there
have
often
put
me
in
mind
.
There
was
scarce
any
body
at
the
Cardinal's
Table
,
excepting
the
Dukes
of
Montmorency
,
and
Espernon
,
the
Mareschal
Bassompierre
,
and
Marillac
;
three
of
which
were
the
Cardinal
's
most
intimate
friends
,
and
he
would
needs
ranck
the
fourth
in
that
degree
:
from
whence
,
if
we
consider
what
advantage
,
he
amongst
them
all
,
that
was
the
best
us'd
in
succession
of
time
,
reap'd
from
his
friendship
;
we
shall
understand
upon
how
tickle
,
and
dangerous
a
point
,
all
Court-favour
depends
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon
was
no
sooner
resolv'd
upon
a
Journey
to
Court
.
The
Duke
acquaints
the
Prince
of
Condé
with
his
resolution
of
going
to
Court
.
but
that
he
would
in
the
first
place
acquaint
the
Prince
of
Condé
with
his
purpose
,
and
therein
consult
his
advice
;
the
respect
he
bore
to
this
Prince
,
and
the
confidence
he
repos'd
in
his
Friendship
being
such
,
as
would
not
permit
him
to
settle
the
least
resolution
,
without
making
him
privy
to
his
design
:
wherein
there
was
nothing
of
dissimulation
,
for
he
was
effectually
the
Princes
Servant
,
and
to
such
a
degree
,
that
it
must
have
been
a
service
of
a
very
foul
nature
,
he
would
not
chearfully
have
undertaken
for
him
.
He
therefore
dispatch'd
away
his
Secretary
to
him
,
to
acquaint
him
with
his
determination
,
and
thereupon
to
beg
his
advice
.
The
Prince
was
at
this
time
at
Rabastens
in
[
](A42794-e83460-b)*
*
A
Countrey
in
Langu●d●●
.
Albigeois
,
where
after
the
Secretary
had
deliver'd
what
was
given
him
in
charge
from
the
Duke
his
Master
,
the
Prince
with
great
civility
return'd
this
answer
:
That
he
concern'd
himself
very
much
in
all
the
Duke's
interests
:
That
in
another
time
,
and
during
the
favour
of
the
Luines
,
he
might
have
been
capable
of
giving
him
such
advice
,
as
he
durst
have
answer'd
would
have
been
serviceable
to
him
,
they
having
been
men
of
so
candid
dispositions
,
as
that
their
intentions
might
have
been
perfectly
discover'd
;
but
that
at
present
he
was
so
totally
in
the
dark
,
as
to
any
understanding
in
the
designs
of
those
who
were
now
at
the
Helm
:
That
he
durst
not
adventure
to
give
the
Duke
any
counsel
,
lest
something
might
happen
as
prejudicial
to
his
advice
,
as
contrary
to
his
desire
;
only
he
had
very
good
intelligence
that
the
Garde
des
Sceaux
had
been
very
busie
,
and
inquisitive
in
making
a
collection
of
what
Warrant●
the
Duke
had
issued
out
,
for
the
subsistence
of
such
Forces
as
had
serv'd
in
his
Government
:
That
indeed
he
could
not
tell
to
what
end
he
had
done
it
;
but
he
could
not
imagine
it
would
be
to
any
good
intent
,
and
that
therefore
the
Duke
might
,
if
he
pleas'd
,
consider
of
it
.
With
which
uncertain
answer
the
Secretary
was
dismiss'd
.
The
Duke
,
who
was
very
secure
of
his
own
innocency
(
and
it
is
to
be
wish'd
he
had
been
as
cautious
,
and
moderate
to
his
own
good
,
as
he
was
perfectly
honest
to
the
King
)
did
not
,
for
all
this
caution
,
desist
from
still
earnestly
soliciting
his
leave
,
which
in
the
end
,
after
the
Cardinal's
arrival
at
Court
,
he
obtain'd
,
by
a
very
favourable
dispatch
from
the
King
himself
to
that
effect
.
The
Duke
no
sooner
receiv'd
this
permission
,
but
that
he
made
all
the
haste
he
could
to
Court
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon
arrives
at
Court
,
and
is
very
well
receiv'd
.
to
avoid
the
inconvenience
of
a
Winter
Journey
;
which
he
did
by
coming
to
Paris
before
All-Saints
.
At
his
arrival
(
as
at
other
times
)
he
was
welcom'd
with
a
great
number
of
persons
of
Quality
,
who
came
out
to
meet
him
,
and
to
attend
him
to
the
Louvre
;
where
he
first
alighted
,
and
where
he
was
by
his
Majesty
much
better
receiv'd
,
than
he
expected
,
by
reason
of
several
ill
offices
he
knew
had
been
done
him
to
the
King
.
It
was
indeed
chiefly
to
justifie
himself
from
those
aspersions
,
that
he
had
been
so
passionately
importunate
for
leave
to
come
to
Court
;
and
he
had
express'd
so
much
in
his
Letters
,
which
was
perhaps
the
thing
that
made
his
permission
so
hard
to
obtain
;
Princes
being
commonly
no
better
dispos'd
to
admit
of
excuses
,
than
they
are
to
make
them
.
From
the
Louvre
he
went
to
wait
upon
the
Cardinal
,
to
whom
he
stood
oblig'd
,
not
only
for
his
leave
to
come
,
but
also
for
his
Majesties
gracious
reception
now
he
was
come
,
and
was
by
him
also
receiv'd
after
a
most
infinitely
obliging
manner
,
the
Cardinal
still
improving
his
civilities
,
and
again
making
him
a
new
tender
of
his
service
upon
all
occasions
,
as
indeed
from
that
time
forward
he
began
to
distinguish
him
by
his
respect
,
from
all
other
great
persons
of
the
Kingdom
.
Already
either
the
multiplicity
of
business
with
which
the
Cardinal
was
continually
taken
up
,
Anno
1630.
or
the
design
he
had
to
render
his
person
more
venerable
,
and
more
authoritative
,
by
communicating
it
to
few
,
had
put
him
upon
that
stately
way
of
living
,
that
he
was
very
rarely
to
be
seen
:
insomuch
that
the
Dukes
,
and
Peers
of
France
,
the
Officers
of
the
Crown
,
the
blue
Garters
,
and
whoever
of
the
highest
quality
of
the
Kingdom
,
made
no
difficulty
to
wait
below
in
the
Hall
,
amongst
a
promiscuous
crowd
of
Clients
,
and
Suitors
,
the
hours
of
his
leisure
,
whether
they
came
only
to
visit
,
or
to
speak
with
him
about
their
Affairs
:
nay
and
were
glad
to
go
sometimes
twice
,
sometimes
more
,
before
they
could
get
access
to
his
person
:
Extraordinary
civilities
of
the
Cardinal
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
But
the
Cardinal
,
who
was
well
enough
acquainted
with
the
Duke's
temper
to
know
,
that
such
a
repulse
would
not
need
to
fright
him
for
ever
coming
again
to
see
him
,
entreated
him
beforehand
,
never
to
give
himself
the
trouble
of
coming
to
see
him
,
without
first
giving
him
notice
,
that
he
might
always
be
at
liberty
to
receive
him
:
a
rule
the
Duke
on
his
part
so
well
observ'd
,
that
he
never
came
,
but
all
the
Gates
were
open'd
to
him
;
his
Coach
admitted
into
the
Court
,
and
himself
to
all
the
freedom
he
could
desire
;
when
oftentimes
persons
of
very
great
condition
could
hardly
be
admitted
at
the
Wicket
.
It
has
however
been
believ'd
that
all
these
extraordinary
civilities
began
at
Montauban
,
and
continued
to
this
time
,
were
not
altogether
without
design
.
Some
have
thought
that
the
Cardinal
,
who
evidently
perceiv'd
that
the
Queen
Mother
(
who
had
suffered
her self
to
be
wrought
upon
by
some
ill
offices
had
been
done
him
in
his
absence
)
to
be
grown
cold
in
her
affection
to
him
,
would
have
been
glad
to
have
made
the
Duke
his
friend
.
He
was
powerful
in
himself
,
and
much
more
in
his
Sons
;
so
that
being
secur'd
of
their
friendship
(
which
the
whole
Court
knew
to
be
faithful
and
inviolate
where
they
once
took
)
he
thought
he
could
receive
no
so
violent
an
assault
of
Fortune
,
he
should
not
be
able
,
whilst
back'd
with
so
powerful
a
Family
to
withstand
.
There
was
great
probability
in
this
conjecture
,
and
the
Duke
himself
(
as
clear-sighted
as
any
)
was
perhaps
of
the
same
opinion
;
but
if
on
the
one
side
the
Cardinal
courted
the
Duke's
friendship
for
this
reason
,
the
Duke
on
the
other
side
would
by
no
means
go
directly
opposite
to
the
Queen
Mothers
inclinations
.
He
had
ever
honour'd
her
,
though
he
had
not
always
been
well
us'd
by
her
;
and
,
having
ever
imputed
to
the
Cardinal
himself
the
greatest
part
of
those
unkindnesses
he
had
receiv'd
from
this
Princess
,
was
more
dissatisfied
with
him
,
than
the
Queen
Mother
for
the
ill
returns
of
his
Service
.
But
another
reason
which
made
him
so
reserv'd
in
the
acceptation
of
this
precipitous
friendship
,
was
the
imperious
superiority
the
Cardinal
pretended
to
over
all
the
other
great
men
of
the
Kingdom
;
which
the
Duke
could
never
allow
him
over
himself
to
the
degree
that
he
desir'd
,
as
still
retaining
a
memory
how
much
he
had
known
him
inferious
to
him
.
All
these
considerations
together
rendred
him
less
complacent
,
than
could
have
been
wish'd
for
the
prosperity
of
his
own
Affairs
:
I
shall
not
nevertheless
herein
take
upon
me
to
censure
the
Duke's
conduct
,
nor
attempt
to
pass
so
liberal
a
judgment
upon
a
person
I
am
,
for
so
many
respects
,
oblig'd
to
honour
;
though
the
event
made
it
plain
,
that
had
he
carried
things
otherwise
,
he
had
done
better
.
In
short
the
Duke
was
so
much
the
more
reserv'd
to
the
Cardinal
,
than
he
expected
he
should
be
,
that
the
ardour
of
his
sudden
affection
cooling
by
degrees
every
day
more
and
more
,
degenerated
at
last
into
a
perfect
hatred
,
and
from
thence
to
persecution
,
as
we
shall
hereafter
,
in
due
order
of
time
,
and
the
occurrences
of
Affairs
,
make
more
evidently
to
appear
.
All
things
that
had
hitherto
pass'd
betwixt
the
Duke
,
and
the
Cardinal
were
well
enough
understood
;
and
this
good
intelligence
continued
till
the
Cardinals
departure
for
Italy
,
the
Duke
being
(
as
has
been
said
)
ever
treated
by
him
with
extraordinary
kindness
,
and
respect
far
different
from
what
he
shew'd
to
all
other
persons
of
the
same
condition
;
yet
could
not
the
Duke
(
whose
humour
was
impatient
of
any
thing
that
touch'd
him
)
sometimes
forbear
lashing
out
into
very
free
expressions
(
giving
the
Cardinal
thereby
very
often
to
understand
,
that
he
was
not
to
expect
any
mean
,
or
submiss
toleration
from
him
)
of
which
I
shall
here
present
you
one
example
.
The
Cardinal
either
presuming
upon
the
authority
of
his
favour
with
the
King
,
or
the
affection
he
pretended
to
have
for
the
Duke
,
took
one
day
the
libetry
to
give
him
some
advice
concerning
his
deportment
;
whereupon
falling
into
discourse
of
his
severe
humour
,
and
giving
him
counsel
to
correct
it
,
he
did
it
merrily
in
the
Duke
's
own
broad
Gascon
accent
(
from
which
,
how
long
a
habitude
soever
he
had
had
at
Court
,
he
could
never
totally
wean
himself
)
which
interweaving
with
some
very
civil
expressions
,
he
seriously
desir'd
him
in
the
end
not
to
take
it
ill
,
if
he
had
made
a
little
bold
with
him
in
imitating
his
own
way
of
speaking
:
to
which
this
untractable
spirit
(
highly
offended
at
a
raillery
something
too
familiar
for
his
humour
)
briskly
reply'd
:
A
smart
r●ply
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
to
the
Cardina●
.
Why
should
I
take
that
ill
from
you
,
which
I
suffer
from
Marais
,
who
every
day
acts
me
in
your
presence
?
This
Marais
was
one
of
the
Grooms
of
the
Chamber
to
the
King
,
a
pleasant
fellow
,
and
a
Buffoon
,
that
had
a
marvellous
faculty
of
imitation
,
who
by
his
faces
,
and
tricks
would
make
folks
laugh
;
and
when
acting
before
the
King
,
and
the
Cardinal
,
would
make
a
bold
with
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
as
other
people
.
It
cannot
be
imagin'd
,
but
that
without
all
doubt
this
comparison
must
needs
displease
the
Cardinal
;
neither
were
the
Duke's
Servants
,
and
Friends
,
to
whom
he
related
this
passage
at
his
coming
home
,
much
better
satisfied
with
it
:
but
the
words
were
already
out
of
his
mouth
,
and
were
no
more
to
be
recall'd
.
Every
one
apprehended
this
liberty
would
draw
upon
him
the
hatred
of
him
that
was
all
powerful
at
Court
;
yet
did
nothing
at
present
appear
:
so
that
if
the
Cardinal
was
really
distasted
at
it
,
he
nevertheless
deferr'd
his
revenge
till
a
fitter
season
.
And
indeed
he
had
at
this
time
something
else
to
do
,
New
stirs
at
Court
,
occasion'd
by
the
discontents
of
the
Queen
Mother
,
and
the
Monsi●●r
.
than
to
stand
upon
a
particular
Quarrel
with
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
so
many
other
Affairs
of
very
high
concern
falling
upon
him
at
once
,
and
at
the
same
instant
,
that
perhaps
in
his
life
he
never
had
so
hard
a
Game
to
play
.
The
Queen
Mother
had
long
been
very
much
dissatisfied
with
his
proceeding
;
and
her
ill
will
,
grown
now
to
a
greater
degree
than
ever
,
she
could
no
longer
forbear
to
profess
an
open
,
and
implacable
hatred
against
him
.
She
could
not
endure
that
a
man
who
was
her
Creature
,
and
rais'd
by
her
bounty
,
should
get
the
start
of
her
in
the
confidence
of
the
King
her
Son
,
wherein
by
all
the
reasons
in
the
world
she
ought
to
be
preferr'd
,
The
Queen
Mother
professes
an
open
hatred
to
the
Cardinal
.
and
that
made
her
directly
oppose
all
his
Counsels
,
which
how
well
soever
they
succeeded
,
she
still
found
matter
enough
to
render
them
suspected
to
the
King
,
and
to
discredit
them
by
sinister
interpretations
.
So
great
a
power
as
this
hitherto
entire
,
and
fortified
by
all
the
considerations
of
duty
,
and
nature
,
was
not
easily
to
be
baffled
by
a
Servant
,
and
who
had
no
other
support
,
than
the
affection
of
his
Master
,
of
it self
mutable
and
uncertain
;
so
that
the
Cardinal
seeing
himself
assaulted
by
so
passionate
,
and
so
powerful
an
Enemy
,
might
reasonably
enough
apprehend
being
crush'd
to
nothing
under
the
weight
of
her
Authority
,
and
Power
:
but
as
mischiefs
seldom
come
alone
,
several
Forein
troubles
also
concurr'd
with
this
disorder
at
home
:
The
Duke
of
Savoy
was
grown
by
this
time
sensible
of
the
dishonourable
peace
he
had
concluded
at
Suze
:
to
which
the
loss
of
Montferrat
stuck
mainly
in
his
stomack
:
The
War
with
Sav●y
.
He
had
reckon'd
himself
sure
of
the
conquest
of
this
place
,
and
indeed
had
not
the
King
interpos'd
,
that
Countrey
had
by
this
time
been
wholly
in
his
possession
:
He
had
therefore
more
firmly
than
ever
confederated
himself
with
the
House
of
Austria
,
to
the
end
they
might
joyntly
invade
the
Duke
of
Mantua
;
the
rumour
of
which
preparation
was
already
spread
abroad
,
and
they
were
already
in
Arms
;
in
which
condition
this
desolate
Prince
had
no
body
to
fly
to
for
protection
,
save
only
the
King
of
France
.
His
interests
,
that
could
not
without
infamy
be
abandoned
,
put
the
Cardinals
Affairs
into
very
great
danger
;
who
,
as
on
the
one
side
he
very
well
knew
that
Court
divisions
,
which
are
the
issue
of
ease
,
and
rest
,
are
ordinarily
smother'd
in
employment
,
and
of
all
other
in
that
of
War
:
So
he
also
saw
that
this
War
being
to
be
undertaken
by
his
Counsels
,
to
which
the
Queen
Mother
was
directly
opposite
,
he
should
become
responsible
for
the
event
,
and
that
the
least
disafter
that
should
happen
would
infallibly
be
laid
at
his
door
.
Yet
,
as
if
all
these
difficulties
had
been
too
few
to
perplex
him
,
another
of
no
less
importance
fell
out
at
the
same
time
,
which
was
the
discontent
of
the
Monsieur
,
The
Monsi●ur
discontented
.
and
his
sudden
retirement
from
Court
;
to
which
also
another
succeeded
,
and
that
was
the
Duke
of
Lorain's
taking
Arms
,
The
Duke
of
Lor●in
takes
Arms
▪
to
joyn
with
the
Emperour
;
who
having
a
design
to
possess
us
with
some
jealousie
of
our
Frontier
of
Lorain
(
thereby
to
give
the
Confederate
Princes
more
leisure
to
make
a
Progress
in
Italy
)
seem'd
to
threaten
Metz
,
by
advancing
that
way
with
his
Army
,
and
fortifying
all
the
places
upon
that
Frontier
.
In
this
conflux
of
untoward
accidents
,
the
Cardinal
,
The
Cardinal●
dexterity
in
compo●ing
these
Affairs
.
though
he
could
work
nothing
upon
the
implacable
spirit
of
the
Queen
Mother
,
he
found
means
nevertheless
to
appease
the
Monsieur
,
and
to
bring
him
back
to
Court
,
by
obtaining
for
him
from
the
King
,
whatever
he
could
either
for
himself
,
or
in
the
behalf
of
his
friends
,
demand
or
desire
.
He
sent
moreover
into
Lorain
to
sound
the
Duke's
intentions
,
who
for
this
time
dissembling
his
designs
,
protested
he
had
taken
Arms
for
no
other
end
,
than
to
serve
the
King
,
by
opposing
the
Emperours
designs
;
who
,
he
said
,
could
attempt
nothing
upon
his
Countrey
,
that
must
not
infallibly
redound
to
the
prejudice
of
France
.
So
that
by
this
means
the
Cardinal
having
either
compos'd
,
diverted
,
or
at
least
deferr'd
part
of
those
mischiefs
that
most
immediately
press'd
upon
him
,
he
would
himself
undertake
the
expedition
of
Italy
;
whilst
the
King
should
totally
reclaim
the
Monsieur
his
Brother
,
and
satisfie
all
his
discontents
,
by
the
performance
of
those
things
that
had
been
promis'd
to
him
.
The
Cardinal
was
no
sooner
arriv'd
in
Savoy
,
The
Cardinals
expedition
into
Italy
.
but
that
he
sent
to
feel
the
pulse
of
that
Duke
,
whom
finding
still
constant
to
his
old
State
Maxims
(
which
was
by
fair
words
,
and
large
promises
to
amuse
such
,
as
were
likely
to
hinder
his
designs
,
whilst
he
in
the
mean
time
was
still
intent
upon
his
business
)
he
fell
so
briskly
to
work
,
that
having
taken
from
him
Pignerol
,
and
some
other
strong
places
,
the
Savoyard
was
at
last
constrain'd
to
return
again
to
his
first
Treaty
.
The
King
awak'd
by
this
good
success
of
his
Arms
,
and
unwilling
the
glory
they
seem'd
to
assure
should
derive
to
a
Servant
,
resolv'd
upon
a
Journey
into
Italy
to
command
his
Army
in
his
own
person
;
neither
though
the
Cardinal
was
ambitious
to
the
height
,
was
he
at
this
time
sorry
,
he
should
come
to
eclipse
his
honour
,
since
he
must
leave
Paris
to
do
it
,
where
he
knew
all
ill
offices
were
perpetually
done
him
.
The
interest
of
his
conservation
therefore
prevail'd
here
with
the
Cardinal
over
his
insatiate
thirst
of
Glory
:
but
the
Queen
Mother
stifly
oppos'd
this
Voyage
,
by
representing
to
the
King
the
interests
of
his
health
,
and
safety
;
to
which
she
forgot
not
to
add
the
Cardinals
inordinate
ambition
,
The
King
resolves
upon
a
Voyage
into
Italy
.
who
she
said
car'd
not
to
expose
both
the
one
,
and
the
other
for
his
own
particular
vanity
.
But
all
these
remonstrances
prov'd
in
the
end
too
weak
to
prevail
;
so
that
the
appetite
of
Honour
prevailing
above
all
other
considerations
,
and
his
Majesty
being
not
to
be
staid
at
home
:
the
Queen
Mother
to
give
the
Cardinal
less
time
to
reestablish
himself
with
the
King
(
who
had
after
much
importunityconsented
at
last
to
his
banishment
)
was
resolv'd
to
follow
the
King
her
Son
to
Lyons
,
to
try
if
she
could
,
whilst
he
was
in
this
good
disposition
,
obtain
the
effects
of
his
promise
.
The
King
then
in
April
set
forwards
from
Paris
towards
Italy
,
the
glorious
success
of
which
second
Expedition
,
making
up
one
of
the
most
illustrious
parts
of
General
History
,
it
ought
not
to
be
contracted
within
the
narrow
bounds
of
a
particular
Life
;
wherein
the
Duke
of
Espernon
having
also
had
no
share
,
I
should
not
have
waded
so
far
as
I
have
done
into
these
secret
Affairs
of
Court
,
had
they
not
at
last
proceeded
to
involve
him
further
therein
,
than
he
had
himself
intended
to
engage
.
Before
the
King's
departure
from
Paris
,
the
Duke
especially
solicitous
of
his
Service
within
the
Precincts
of
his
own
Government
,
intreated
his
Majesty
to
appoint
him
an
Intendant
de
la
Iustice
;
he
having
at
his
coming
out
of
Guienne
left
there
neither
Lieutenant
,
nor
Intendant
in
his
absence
to
look
after
his
Majesties
Affairs
in
that
Province
:
a
request
that
the
King
being
very
willing
to
grant
,
as
it
principally
concern'd
himself
,
he
gave
the
Duke
liberty
to
choose
whom
he
should
think
fit
out
of
his
Council
.
The
Employment
,
being
one
of
the
greatest
honour
,
was
covered
by
several
persons
of
very
great
desert
;
but
the
Duke
preferring
above
all
those
who
made
suit
for
it
,
one
of
the
Council
,
that
perhaps
least
dream'd
of
any
such
thing
,
entreated
Monsieur
de
Verthamont
Master
of
Requests
to
accept
it
.
This
person
of
approved
honesty
,
and
equal
capacity
,
had
,
in
several
Employments
of
very
great
importance
,
given
very
good
proofs
both
of
the
one
,
and
the
other
:
but
these
qualities
how
eminent
soever
,
were
yet
accompanied
with
another
that
serv'd
no
less
to
recommend
him
to
the
Duke's
Election
;
and
that
was
the
great
friendship
betwixt
him
and
Monsieur
d'
Autry
,
at
that
time
President
Seguier
,
and
since
Gard
des
Sceaux
,
and
Chancellor
of
France
;
with
whose
good
conduct
in
the
same
Commission
,
the
Duke
had
been
so
highly
satisfied
,
that
he
desir'd
nothing
more
,
than
one
that
would
imitate
his
Vertue
to
succeed
him
:
and
he
hop'd
to
find
in
this
Gentleman
,
what
he
had
already
prov'd
in
his
Predecessor
;
neither
was
he
deceiv'd
in
his
Judgment
,
he
found
his
expectation
answer'd
to
the
full
.
And
for
ten
years
together
that
Verthamont
serv'd
the
King
in
the
Duke's
Government
,
he
gave
the
Duke
so
many
testimonies
of
his
integrity
,
and
vertue
,
and
in
return
receiv'd
from
the
Duke
so
high
,
and
so
just
applause
,
that
I
dare
be
bold
to
affirm
,
there
was
never
observ'd
the
least
dissent
,
or
contrariety
betwixt
them
.
The
end
of
the
Ninth
Book
.
THE
HISTORY
Of
the
LIFE
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
The
Tenth
Book
.
AT
the
same
time
that
Verthamont
departed
for
Guienne
,
the
Duke
of
Espernon
was
preparing
to
go
to
Metz
,
there
to
expose
his
person
for
the
defense
of
so
important
a
place
.
A
Journey
to
which
he
was
continually
press'd
by
the
constant
intelligence
he
receiv'd
from
thence
,
that
the
Emperours
Forces
every
day
increas'd
,
that
he
was
fortifying
Moyenvic
,
a
very
considerable
place
near
that
City
;
Upon
the
bruit
that
the
Imperialists
design'd
an
attempt
upon
Metz
,
the
Duke
of
Espernon
puts
himself
in●o
the
place
▪
and
that
the
Duke
of
Lorain
(
notwithstanding
all
his
fair
pretenses
)
was
certainly
confederated
with
the
House
of
Austria
,
to
the
prejudice
of
the
Kingdom
of
France
.
The
Duke
de
la
Valette
his
Son
had
,
by
his
Majesties
Command
,
been
sent
away
befoe
,
upon
the
first
jealousie
the
Court
had
conceiv'd
of
the
Emperours
,
and
the
Duke
of
Lorains
designs
:
but
the
Duke
,
prudently
considering
,
that
a
Frontier
of
so
great
importance
could
not
be
too
carefully
provided
for
,
went
with
some
of
his
friends
to
put
himself
into
it
,
having
moreover
engag'd
several
other
persons
of
condition
(
who
had
staid
behind
at
Paris
after
the
King's
departure
)
if
occasion
were
,
to
come
,
and
joyn
themselves
with
him
,
for
the
defense
of
the
place
:
So
that
had
it
ever
come
to
a
Siege
,
the
respect
that
several
worthy
men
bore
to
the
Duke's
person
would
,
without
all
doubt
,
have
invited
a
great
many
persons
of
great
quality
,
and
approv'd
valour
,
to
serve
in
so
honourable
an
occasion
.
But
there
hapned
to
be
no
need
of
any
such
thing
;
and
perhaps
the
presence
of
the
Duke
,
and
the
prudent
care
he
,
together
with
the
Duke
his
Son
,
took
for
the
preservation
of
that
City
,
made
the
Emperour
alter
his
design
,
by
putting
him
out
of
all
hopes
to
effect
it
.
The
Duke
arriv'd
at
Metz
the
first
of
May
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon
comes
to
Metz.
where
he
was
receiv'd
with
manifestations
of
an
universal
joy
in
the
people
,
becoming
their
gratitude
,
and
his
own
desert
.
In
his
way
thither
he
had
call'd
to
see
the
Mareschal
de
Marillac
,
who
as
he
was
at
this
time
(
at
least
in
outward
appearance
)
in
greatest
repute
with
the
Cardinal
,
so
had
he
the
principal
charge
of
the
Affairs
of
that
Countrey
committed
to
his
care
;
wherein
doubtles●
this
unfortunate
Gentleman
labour'd
to
his
own
ruine
,
and
to
the
Sentence
of
Death
that
not
long
after
pass'd
upon
him
:
He
visits
the
Mar●schal
de
Marillac
.
for
the
Duke
found
him
busie
fortifying
the
Cittadel
of
Verdun
,
preparing
provisions
,
and
other
necessaries
for
the
Army
of
Champagne
,
and
performing
several
other
Services
,
which
after
pass'd
for
Crimes
,
that
were
judg'd
worthy
of
no
less
than
Death
.
The
Duke
was
by
him
receiv'd
with
all
sorts
of
honour
,
and
noble
entertainment
;
to
which
the
Mareschal
soon
after
added
a
visit
at
Metz
,
where
they
consulted
long
together
of
what
was
best
to
be
done
for
the
King's
Service
upon
that
Frontier
,
continuing
ever
after
in
a
more
strict
correspondence
than
before
.
The
Duke
was
no
sooner
arriv'd
at
Metz
,
The
Duke's
orders
for
the
defense
of
Me●z
.
but
that
he
forthwith
fell
to
work
about
the
repair
of
the
old
Fortifications
of
the
City
,
and
to
the
designing
of
new
;
he
sent
moreover
to
solicit
the
Duke
of
Orleans
(
left
Regent
during
the
King's
absence
)
for
a
supply
of
some
Ammunitions
of
War
:
but
he
had
first
sent
a
dispatch
to
the
King
to
acquaint
him
with
his
motion
towards
the
Frontier
:
with
which
his
Majesty
in
his
answer
of
the
23.
of
May
declar'd
himself
to
be
highly
satisfied
;
sending
him
word
,
That
his
being
in
those
parts
,
would
secure
his
fears
for
what
concern'd
the
safety
of
the
whole
Frontier
of
Lorain
;
exhorting
him
to
continue
his
vigilancy
,
and
care
for
the
conservation
of
so
importanct
a
place
;
assuring
him
withal
of
his
good
will
,
and
affection
,
and
of
the
esteem
he
had
of
his
person
,
justly
grounded
upon
his
merit
,
and
old
Services
for
the
Crown
.
Which
were
in
part
the
express
words
of
that
Dispatch
.
In
the
mean
time
the
rumor
daily
increasing
that
Wallest●in
was
advancing
with
his
Army
to
waste
the
Countrey
about
Metz
,
and
afterwards
to
block
it
up
by
Forts
,
and
the
Duke
conceiving
that
the
King
would
be
so
taken
up
in
Savoy
,
that
he
could
not
come
to
relieve
him
,
should
he
chance
to
be
reduc'd
to
any
great
straight
;
he
saw
it
was
necessary
for
him
to
make
use
of
his
own
Credit
,
Money
,
and
Friends
,
therewithal
to
serve
his
Majesty
upon
this
occasion
.
He
writ
therefore
to
the
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
his
Son
,
who
was
then
with
the
King
,
to
tell
his
Majesty
,
the
Queen
Mother
,
and
the
Cardinal
,
That
foreseeing
how
hard
a
thing
it
would
be
for
his
Majesty
in
the
heat
of
his
Enterprizes
,
to
provide
for
the
necessities
of
the
place
,
and
Frontier
,
where
he
had
the
honour
to
serve
him
,
he
franckly
offer'd
,
The
D●ke
offers
the
King
to
raise
an
Army
upon
his
own
interest
.
if
his
Majesty
would
give
him
leave
,
upon
his
own
credit
,
to
raise
and
arm
ten
thousand
Foot
,
and
five
hundred
Horse
for
the
defense
of
the
City
of
Metz
,
and
the
Messine
Countrey
.
An
offer
that
the
King
,
with
high
commendation●
of
his
worth
,
as
freely
accepted
,
writing
him
a
very
obliging
Letter
thereupon
;
and
the
Cardinal
in
his
dispatch
dated
from
St.
Iean
de
Morienne
the
25
th
.
of
Iuly
,
expressing
himself
thus
:
Which
is
accepted
.
As
concerning
the
offer
you
have
made
the
King
,
to
advance
money
for
the
Levies
you
desire
to
set
on
foot
,
his
Majesty
looks
upon
it
with
such
an
eye
of
acknowledgement
,
as
the
quality
of
so
generous
an
offer
does
justly
deserve
;
knowing
,
as
he
does
,
the
zeal
you
have
to
the
success
of
his
Affairs
,
and
the
power
you
have
,
as
heretofore
,
to
serve
him
for
the
time
to
come
,
The
Duke
to
add
effects
to
this
promise
,
departed
from
Metz
about
the
end
of
Iuly
,
to
return
to
Paris
,
there
to
raise
money
for
his
Leavies
,
and
to
provide
himself
of
such
men
of
Command
,
as
were
willing
to
take
employments
upon
this
occasion
;
but
the
threats
of
the
Imperialists
by
little
,
and
little
,
vanishing
at
last
to
nothing
,
they
satisfied
themselves
with
having
fortified
Moyenvic
,
which
was
soon
after
taken
,
and
demolish'd
by
the
King's
Army
:
and
the
Duke
of
Lorain
,
not
daring
at
this
time
wholly
to
discover
his
evil
intention
,
staid
to
expect
a
fitter
season
,
which
also
was
not
far
off
,
wherein
to
do
it
;
as
he
afterwards
did
,
but
with
very
ill
success
,
as
will
in
its
due
place
appear
.
The
Duke
being
thus
return'd
to
Paris
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon
returns
to
Paris
.
deliver'd
of
those
apprehensions
he
had
been
possess'd
withal
concerning
Metz
,
and
satisfied
with
his
present
conditon
,
sate
still
,
calmly
expecting
,
without
any
disquiet
in
his
own
particular
concerns
,
the
issue
of
the
great
Contests
at
this
time
on
foot
in
the
Court
at
Lyons
;
where
,
it
was
said
,
the
Queen
Mothers
animosity
against
the
Cardinal
was
increas'd
to
such
a
degree
,
that
in
the
greatest
height
of
the
King's
sickness
,
which
at
this
time
was
exceeding
violent
,
she
omitted
no
opportunity
of
incensing
his
Majesty
against
him
,
The
King
falls
sick
at
Lyons
.
as
the
sole
author
of
his
Disease
;
wherein
her
importunities
were
so
great
,
as
at
last
to
obtain
a
solemn
promise
from
the
King
,
that
so
soon
as
the
War
of
Italy
was
at
an
end
,
he
would
give
her
the
satisfaction
she
desir'd
,
by
removing
this
great
Minister
from
the
Administration
of
Affairs
.
Though
the
peril
the
Cardinal
was
now
in
,
was
very
great
,
and
that
the
Duke
had
continual
intelligence
of
all
that
pass'd
at
Court
,
yet
did
he
notwithstanding
still
continue
towards
him
the
same
civility
,
and
respect
;
he
writ
to
him
very
often
,
and
in
truth
so
long
as
that
great
cloud
of
disgrace
hung
over
his
head
,
the
Duke
would
have
been
really
sorry
,
that
it
should
have
broke
upon
him
:
though
he
had
by
his
dexterity
no
sooner
clear'd
the
sky
of
Favour
,
but
that
the
Duke
,
who
could
not
brook
his
excess
of
Authority
,
and
Power
,
converted
all
his
former
complacency
into
testimonies
of
hatred
;
that
fail'd
very
little
,
as
we
shall
hereafter
see
,
of
rebounding
back
upon
himself
,
to
his
own
ruine
.
Which
till
it
shall
more
plainly
appear
,
I
shall
only
say
this
by
the
way
,
that
the
Duke
had
doubtless
a
very
great
esteem
for
the
Cardinal
,
never
speaking
of
him
,
so
much
as
in
private
,
but
with
a
Character
of
Honour
,
and
respect
;
so
that
,
had
he
not
expected
from
his
friends
an
over
servile
,
and
submiss
regard
,
I
do
verily
believe
the
Duke's
friendship
would
have
been
constant
,
and
inviolate
to
him
:
but
a
civility
that
went
very
far
with
the
haughty
humour
of
the
one
,
appearing
nothing
to
the
excessive
ambition
of
the
other
,
the
Cardinal
enduring
no
equal
,
and
the
Duke
hardly
admitting
of
any
superior
;
it
was
impossible
so
to
compose
things
betwixt
two
so
aspiring
spirits
,
but
that
they
would
at
last
break
out
into
an
open
feud
.
Whilst
the
Court
at
Lyons
was
agitated
with
this
Tempest
of
Division
,
of
which
we
are
now
speaking
,
the
Duke
of
Espernon
in
the
greatest
calm
,
and
serenity
of
repose
,
enjoy'd
at
Paris
the
honour
,
and
applause
,
that
his
well
known
,
and
long
continued
vertue
,
had
acquir'd
to
his
person
,
and
name
;
insomuch
that
,
as
his
Coach
pass'd
through
the
streets
,
we
had
continually
the
pleasure
of
seeing
the
people
flock
together
in
crowds
from
all
parts
of
the
City
to
gaze
upon
him
;
considering
with
admiration
so
vigorous
a
health
in
so
great
an
extremity
of
age
,
pursuing
him
with
acclamations
wherever
he
went
;
and
the
old
hatred
,
that
the
former
Factions
had
stirr'd
up
against
him
,
being
now
converted
into
love
,
and
esteem
,
gave
us
to
understand
,
that
envy
is
not
always
the
concomitant
of
Vertue
;
but
that
there
is
a
certain
pitch
,
to
which
the
one
,
being
once
arriv'd
,
is
got
clear
out
of
sight
of
the
other
,
which
of
a
mean
and
earthy
composition
cannot
shoot
its
darts
so
far
as
to
reach
the
Station
,
where
Supreme
Vertue
is
enthron'd
.
In
this
great
,
and
undisturbed
leisure
,
that
the
Duke
enjoy'd
at
Paris
,
he
who
was
himself
a
great
lover
of
Building
,
could
find
no
better
entertainment
wherewithal
to
divert
himself
,
than
by
going
abroad
to
see
the
Houses
,
in
and
about
the
City
,
which
were
then
erecting
,
with
the
magnificence
that
we
now
admire
in
our
proud
and
stately
Structures
.
Amongst
others
,
going
one
day
in
very
good
company
to
the
Hostel
de
Luxembourg
,
that
the
Queen
Mother
was
then
finishing
,
they
entred
the
Gallery
,
where
she
had
caus'd
the
manner
of
her
escape
from
Blois
(
as
the
most
remarkable
passage
of
her
life
)
to
be
painted
in
Story
.
One
of
the
most
apparent
evidences
the
Duke
could
possibly
receive
,
that
that
service
of
his
was
no
more
regarded
,
was
,
that
he
,
who
had
been
the
sole
Authour
of
the
whole
Action
,
was
no
where
represented
in
that
painting
,
though
so
much
as
the
very
Footmen
that
opened
the
Boots
of
her
Coach
had
not
been
omitted
.
He
had
heard
before
of
this
injustice
that
had
been
done
him
;
but
though
it
had
touch'd
him
very
near
,
had
never
manifested
the
least
discontent
:
neither
do
I
believe
he
would
have
said
any
thing
upon
this
occasion
,
if
the
company
who
were
with
him
,
had
not
provok'd
him
to
it
:
But
every
one
asking
him
questions
of
a
thing
whereof
they
knew
he
was
able
to
give
them
the
best
accompt
,
at
last
some
one
freer
than
the
rest
,
ask'd
him
how
it
came
to
pass
that
he
was
only
left
out
of
the
story
?
to
which
the
Duke
modestly
reply'd
:
A
sudden
answer
of
the
Duke
of
Espersion
to
a
very
nice
q●est
on
.
That
he
did
not
know
who
had
done
him
that
wrong
;
but
that
whoever
they
were
that
intended
to
disoblige
him
in
it
,
had
doubtless
therein
more
offended
the
Queen
,
than
him
:
That
he
was
very
certain
(
however
excluded
the
story
)
that
no
one
could
condemn
him
for
having
any
ways
fail'd
in
the
action
,
or
in
any
thing
he
had
undertaken
for
the
Queen
upon
that
occasion
,
his
carriage
of
that
business
being
too
generally
known
for
that
;
neither
did
he
believe
they
would
much
magnifie
her
,
for
having
deny'd
him
so
poor
an
acknowledgement
.
If
the
Duke
was
very
well
pleas'd
to
see
himself
in
such
a
degree
of
reputation
and
esteem
,
A
Famine
in
G●ienne
.
upon
one
of
the
most
conspicuous
Theatres
of
Europe
;
he
was
no
less
afflicted
at
the
ill
news
he
daily
receiv'd
from
his
Government
,
where
their
Corn
Harvest
had
prov'd
this
year
so
thin
,
that
thereupon
a
great
,
and
deplorable
Famine
ensu'd
throughout
the
whole
Province
of
Guienne
.
Neither
did
the
Duke
fail
in
this
exigent
to
try
all
possible
ways
to
relieve
them
;
for
after
having
given
order
for
the
distribution
of
all
the
Grain
that
could
be
gather'd
in
his
own
.
Territories
,
he
moreover
dealt
with
some
Merchants
of
Paris
,
who
undertook
,
that
provided
they
might
have
Commission
from
the
King
,
out
of
Picardy
,
and
Britanny
,
to
make
sufficient
provision
wherewithal
to
supply
that
Province
.
They
had
no
sooner
made
this
proposition
to
the
Duke
,
but
that
he
immediately
dispatch'd
away
an
express
Courrier
to
the
King
to
obtain
that
leave
,
which
was
accordingly
granted
;
upon
the
return
of
which
dispatch
those
,
who
had
so
largely
promis'd
,
did
indeed
perform
something
;
but
nothing
near
what
they
had
made
the
Duke
expect
:
so
that
nothing
could
so
divert
the
Judgment
Almighty
God
was
pleas'd
to
inflict
upon
this
delicate
part
of
France
;
but
that
in
less
than
six
months
space
above
forty
thousand
persons
miserably
dy'd
for
want
of
bread
;
a
number
that
had
in
all
probability
yet
been
much
greater
,
had
the
Duke's
care
to
their
preservation
been
less
,
by
which
the
evil
was
at
least
moderated
,
though
it
could
not
be
totally
overcome
.
In
the
mean
time
the
King's
health
was
so
miraculously
restor'd
at
Lyons
,
that
his
Majesty
resolv'd
to
return
back
to
Paris
;
during
which
Voyage
't
is
said
the
Cardinal
employ'd
all
manner
of
industry
,
and
offer'd
all
sorts
of
submission
to
the
Queen
Mother
to
reconcile
himself
to
her
favour
;
but
all
in
vain
,
she
was
still
so
implacably
bent
against
him
,
that
the
Peace
of
Italy
being
already
concluded
,
and
consequently
the
time
come
wherein
the
King
had
promis'd
her
to
remove
the
Cardinal
,
they
were
no
sooner
arriv'd
at
Paris
,
but
that
pursuing
this
Affair
with
the
same
vehemency
she
had
begun
,
and
so
as
if
she
had
already
foreseen
all
those
evils
she
justly
had
to
fear
,
she
was
importunately
instant
with
the
King
for
the
accomplishment
of
his
Royal
Word
.
What
repugnancy
soever
the
King
might
have
to
deprive
himself
of
a
Servant
he
had
found
very
useful
to
him
in
the
management
of
his
Affairs
,
yet
the
respect
to
a
Mother
,
and
the
obligation
of
Nature
had
so
prevailing
a
power
over
his
own
interest
,
and
delight
,
that
the
Order
was
at
last
sign'd
for
the
Cardinal's
removal
;
when
the
King
to
avoid
either
the
Ceremony
,
Cardinal
Rich●lieu
in
disgrace
.
or
Complaints
of
a
Favourites
farewel
,
return'd
upon
that
,
and
no
other
accompt
to
Versaille
,
from
whence
he
was
come
but
a
few
days
before
.
Doubtless
had
the
Queen
Mother
gone
along
with
the
King
this
little
Journey
,
she
had
made
her self
absolute
Mistriss
of
Affairs
,
and
there
had
been
an
end
of
the
Cardinal
:
But
she
thinking
the
work
already
done
,
though
she
had
but
begun
it
(
a
common
oversight
)
and
out
of
that
belief
stopping
short
in
the
heat
of
her
persecution
,
gave
the
Cardinal
by
that
means
leisure
to
reestablish
himself
with
the
King
,
and
totally
to
subvert
the
power
,
that
had
been
employ'd
to
his
ruine
.
Yet
was
it
not
by
his
own
prudence
,
and
conduct
,
that
he
was
thus
suddenly
restor'd
,
who
on
the
contrary
had
set
up
his
●est
,
and
was
content
to
submit
to
his
Fortune
by
withdrawing
himself
from
Court
;
a
resolution
wherein
he
had
been
so
precipitous
,
that
he
went
the
very
evening
of
his
disgrace
to
lye
at
Pointoise
,
from
thence
to
continue
his
journey
to
Havre
de
Grace
,
the
place
he
had
made
choice
of
for
his
retirement
.
His
equipage
was
already
prepar'd
,
already
he
was
by
the
most
of
his
friends
(
the
first
,
and
most
ordinary
effect
of
disgrace
)
slighted
,
and
forsaken
,
and
nothing
but
solitude
remain'd
in
his
House
;
when
the
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
,
Cardinal
Richeli●u
restores
himself
with
the
King
,
by
the
advice
of
the
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
.
prompted
by
a
design
more
generous
in
it self
,
than
advantageous
to
,
or
perhaps
expedient
for
the
concerns
of
his
own
Family
,
rousing
up
the
subdu'd
spirit
of
his
dejected
Friend
,
made
him
by
force
of
Arguments
recollect
himself
,
and
see
his
error
.
He
remonstrated
to
him
,
as
it
is
sufficiently
known
to
all
the
Kingdom
(
though
so
long
as
the
Cardinal
lived
no
one
durft
record
it
)
That
he
could
not
assume
a
more
dangerous
resolution
,
than
to
think
of
retiring
himself
:
That
such
as
had
once
rais'd
their
fortunes
to
that
height
to
which
his
was
now
arriv'd
,
had
no
steps
left
them
by
which
again
to
descend
:
That
he
had
no
way
to
maintain
himself
in
the
height
he
then
was
,
but
by
aspiring
higher
,
that
therein
the
way
before
him
was
honourable
and
secure
;
but
that
there
was
nothing
but
precip●ce
behind
him
,
which
upon
the
least
motion
of
retiring
would
give
him
such
a
fall
,
that
he
would
never
be
able
to
rise
again
:
That
he
deceiv'd
himself
,
if
he
thought
his
adversaries
would
satisfie
themselves
with
what
they
had
already
done
;
it
being
plain
that
they
must
still
apprehend
the
recovery
of
his
power
,
which
would
be
so
much
the
more
formidable
to
them
,
as
he
had
been
by
them
more
justly
provok'd
:
That
he
was
therefore
to
go
boldly
to
the
King
,
whilst
the
memory
of
his
Services
was
yet
recent
,
and
whilst
his
enemies
(
blinded
with
their
good
success
)
had
left
a
passage
open
to
him
,
through
which
he
might
at
great
ease
,
and
with
great
safety
,
travel
to
the
ruine
of
their
designs
:
That
he
would
himself
accompany
him
to
run
his
share
of
the
danger
(
if
any
could
be
)
in
the
execution
of
what
he
did
advise
;
and
that
having
made
him
a
promise
of
his
friendship
,
he
would
preserve
it
inviolate
to
him
in
the
one
,
and
the
other
Fortune
.
What
might
not
a
friend
have
reasonably
expected
in
acknowledgement
of
so
prudent
,
and
so
generous
a
counsel
,
and
that
was
crown'd
with
so
favourable
a
success
?
we
shall
nevertheless
in
a
short
time
see
a
sad
return
of
that
seasonable
kindness
.
Cardinal
Richelieu
fortified
by
this
advice
,
The
two
Cardinals
go
together
to
the
King
to
Versaille
,
where
whilst
the
Queen
Mother
remains
at
Paris
they
overthrow
all
her
designs
.
instead
of
taking
his
way
towards
Havre
de
Grace
,
went
directly
to
Versaille
,
where
addressing
himself
to
the
King
,
and
being
better
acquainted
than
any
with
all
the
little
Labyrinths
of
his
Majesties
humour
,
he
soon
,
by
the
charms
of
his
Eloquence
,
overthrew
whatever
his
Enemies
thought
they
had
establish'd
by
more
powerful
ways
.
In
the
mean
time
the
Queen
Mother
,
dreaming
of
nothing
less
than
so
sudden
a
change
,
already
reign'd
in
Paris
,
behaving
her self
to
all
that
came
near
her
person
like
one
who
was
now
got
to
be
the
Sovereign
Arbitress
of
all
Affairs
;
no
more
caring
either
to
improve
,
or
retain
her
Interest
with
persons
whose
Service
she
conceiv'd
for
the
future
unnecessary
to
the
support
of
her
Power
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon
hapned
(
to
his
good
Fortune
)
to
be
one
of
these
,
he
had
the
day
preceding
the
Thunder-clap
against
the
Cardinal
,
and
of
a
long
time
before
,
receiv'd
all
kind
of
civil
respect
from
this
Queen
;
but
after
his
dismission
presenting
himself
before
her
as
he
us'd
to
do
,
she
had
so
little
regard
for
him
,
as
before
his
face
to
hold
discourse
an
hour
together
with
people
of
far
inferiour
quality
,
without
so
much
as
vouchsafing
him
one
word
.
A
neglect
which
if
it
was
resented
by
the
Duke
(
as
it
was
to
the
last
degree
)
it
was
notwithstanding
of
no
little
advantage
to
him
:
for
the
Cardinal
,
who
knew
how
solicitous
the
Queen
Mother
had
been
to
win
him
to
her
party
before
his
disgrace
,
who
was
not
ignorant
of
the
strong
connexion
he
had
with
the
House
of
Guise
,
and
above
all
of
the
great
intimacy
that
was
betwixt
the
Princess
of
Conty
and
him
;
and
who
had
been
moreover
inform'd
that
the
night
preceding
his
disfavour
,
he
had
been
long
in
secret
Conference
with
the
Mareschal
de
Bassompierre
one
of
his
most
passionate
enemies
,
had
from
all
these
knowledges
conceiv'd
a
violent
presumption
,
that
the
Duke
must
of
necessity
be
deeply
engag'd
in
his
enemies
interests
,
and
designs
.
But
the
Queen's
indifferency
did
in
part
justifie
him
from
that
suspicion
,
An
alteration
in
Affairs
at
Court
.
though
some
have
believ'd
that
that
alone
would
not
have
been
sufficient
absolutely
to
have
clear'd
him
from
the
Cardinal's
jealousie
,
nor
to
have
secur'd
him
from
imprisonment
at
least
,
if
the
late
merits
of
the
Cardinal
his
Son
had
not
rescu'd
him
from
that
danger
.
It
was
in
truth
very
necessary
some
body
else
should
have
that
care
of
him
,
he
being
so
far
from
contributing
in
the
least
to
his
own
preservation
,
that
on
the
contrary
after
the
face
of
Affairs
was
wholly
chang'd
,
that
the
Queen
Mother
was
fallen
as
well
from
her
hopes
,
All
people
address
themse●ves
to
the
Cardinal
.
as
her
credit
with
the
King
,
that
the
Princess
of
Conty
was
confin'd
to
her
own
House
,
that
the
Garde
des
Sceaux
Marillac
was
under
the
same
restraint
,
that
Mareschal
Bassompierre
was
clapt
up
Prisoner
in
the
Bast●le
,
and
that
an
Order
was
granted
out
to
call
the
Mareschal
Marill●c
from
the
command
of
an
Army
to
undergo
an
infamous
Execution
:
In
fine
after
the
fatal
day
call'd
la
journée
des
Dupes
had
produc'd
so
many
dire
effects
,
that
not
only
all
the
men
of
Quality
,
but
almost
all
of
any
name
at
Court
,
went
to
visit
the
Cardinal
,
to
dispossess
him
of
the
opinion
,
that
they
might
have
been
any
way
inimical
to
him
:
Except
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
the
Duke
of
Espernon
was
perhaps
the
only
man
that
would
not
go
to
see
him
,
nor
once
offer
to
justifie
himself
from
the
jealousie
he
might
reasonably
enough
conceive
of
his
disaffection
,
and
that
purposely
the
more
to
manifest
it
to
him
.
He
went
't
is
true
to
Versaille
,
where
he
saw
the
King
,
and
had
the
honour
to
talk
with
him
;
but
he
would
never
be
prevail'd
upon
to
go
into
the
Cardinal's
Chamber
,
though
very
near
the
King
's
,
to
pay
him
the
least
civility
,
or
respect
.
I
saw
le
Plessis
the
same
night
infinitely
afflicted
at
this
carriage
;
this
Gentleman
who
was
very
discreet
,
well
vers'd
in
Affairs
,
and
much
more
passionate
for
his
Masters
interests
,
than
for
any
thing
that
concern'd
himself
,
had
importun'd
him
to
give
the
Cardinal
a
Visit
;
but
according
to
his
custom
,
the
more
he
represented
to
him
the
danger
of
not
doing
it
,
the
more
obstinate
he
was
not
to
do
it
,
his
haughty
,
and
undaunted
spirit
,
rather
choosing
to
transgress
the
Maxims
of
Policy
,
and
Prudence
▪
than
those
of
Bravery
and
Honour
.
It
is
indeed
true
that
he
went
two
days
after
to
see
him
,
where
the
Cardinal
knowing
every
tittle
of
what
had
pass'd
)
it
may
be
imagin'd
how
he
was
receiv'd
;
though
the
Duke
,
without
being
concern'd
at
his
cold
entertainment
,
said
to
those
who
spoke
to
him
of
it
:
That
he
had
done
as
he
ought
to
do
;
that
every
one
did
not
understand
the
distinction
that
ought
to
be
made
betwixt
the
Master
and
the
Servant
;
that
those
were
respects
so
different
in
themselves
,
as
they
ought
not
to
be
slightly
confounded
;
and
that
he
was
old
enough
to
carry
the
authority
of
Example
.
Of
all
the
means
that
can
be
propos'd
for
the
establishment
of
a
prodigious
power
,
Anno
1631.
there
is
none
so
certain
as
attempts
that
are
vainly
made
to
suppress
it
;
it
appearing
that
whatever
is
imperfect
in
the
one
,
does
ever
give
increase
to
the
other
;
neither
can
there
be
any
so
imprudent
,
or
so
dangerous
a
resolution
,
as
to
offend
a
great
Minister
by
halves
;
since
by
making
him
sensible
of
the
power
he
has
to
revenge
himself
,
you
give
him
at
the
same
time
a
pretense
to
do
it
with
some
colour
of
Justice
.
It
fell
out
so
in
the
violent
,
but
fruitless
endeavours
the
Cardinal's
Enemies
made
use
of
to
work
his
ruine
;
by
which
being
made
to
understand
the
interest
he
had
in
the
King's
bosom
,
and
employing
that
interest
under
the
sole
pretense
of
retorting
the
injuries
he
had
visibly
receiv'd
,
he
found
his
Majesty
so
much
the
more
inclin'd
to
take
his
part
,
as
he
saw
there
was
a
kind
of
equity
in
the
case
:
wherein
he
would
not
do
his
business
by
halves
,
as
his
enemies
had
done
;
but
vigorously
pressing
them
,
who
either
had
already
fall'n
foul
upon
him
,
or
who
had
yet
the
power
to
do
it
;
he
put
himself
by
that
means
into
a
condition
of
living
not
only
in
security
,
The
Cardinal
falls
foul
upon
his
enemies
.
but
also
in
repose
for
the
time
to
come
,
by
removing
all
such
as
were
likely
,
either
to
molest
his
Peace
,
or
to
trouble
his
Affairs
.
As
the
Monsieur
was
the
person
whose
power
of
all
others
(
after
having
publickly
declar'd
himself
his
Enemy
in
his
own
House
)
the
Cardinal
had
most
cause
to
fear
;
no●
sparing
the
Monsieur
,
so
was
he
the
first
he
took
occasion
to
fright
from
Court
,
by
causing
him
to
be
possess'd
,
that
his
person
was
not
there
very
secure
:
the
Queen
Mother
nor
the
Queen
Mother
.
also
was
by
the
same
device
perswaded
to
depart
from
Compeigne
to
retire
into
Flanders
:
So
that
these
two
being
remov'd
out
of
the
way
,
and
all
the
Queens
adherents
being
either
clapt
up
in
prison
,
or
confin'd
to
their
own
Houses
,
nothing
remain'd
that
could
bring
any
obstacle
to
his
designs
,
or
stop
the
swing
of
his
Fortune
,
that
now
sail'd
with
all
her
Canvas
a
trip
in
the
full
Tide
of
Favour
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon
was
yet
at
Court
in
the
midst
of
this
Tempest
,
who
judging
by
the
example
of
the
wrack
of
these
great
Fortunes
,
what
power
the
Cardinal
would
have
over
him
,
unless
he
did
wholly
submit
himself
to
his
pleasure
,
he
chose
rather
calmly
,
and
without
disorder
,
to
retire
into
his
own
Government
,
than
to
preserve
himself
by
submitting
to
so
unhandsome
,
and
so
dishonourable
a
compliance
.
He
departed
then
from
Paris
in
Iune
1631.
to
return
into
his
Government
of
Guienne
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon
retires
into
his
Government
of
Guienne
,
which
he
finds
in
a
most
deplorable
condition
.
where
being
arriv'd
he
found
that
miserable
Province
in
the
most
desolate
condition
that
can
possibly
be
imagin'd
:
the
Famine
had
there
been
succeeded
by
a
Plague
;
and
if
by
his
Wisdom
,
and
good
conduct
,
he
had
not
deliver'd
them
from
the
third
Judgment
,
which
was
that
of
the
Sword
,
by
keeping
those
Regiments
quiet
,
that
,
after
the
Peace
was
concluded
,
had
been
sent
thither
to
be
refresh'd
,
there
had
been
an
end
of
that
pleasant
part
of
France
:
but
his
good
Discipline
in
restraining
the
licence
of
the
unruly
Souldiers
,
that
were
quarter'd
in
the
Countrey
;
the
good
order
he
took
for
bringing
in
the
relief
of
Corn
;
and
the
care
he
had
,
that
he
Magistrates
,
and
Officers
of
Health
,
perform'd
their
duty
in
endeavouring
to
stop
the
progress
of
the
Contagion
in
the
City
,
were
to
so
good
effect
;
that
without
all
doubt
,
both
Bordeaux
,
and
the
whole
Province
stand
eternally
oblig'd
to
his
vigilancy
and
care
.
After
having
taken
the
best
order
he
could
for
the
preservation
of
the
Capital
City
,
he
departed
thence
with
a
resolution
to
continue
some
time
at
his
house
Cadillac
;
but
he
could
not
make
so
long
a
stay
there
,
as
he
intended
.
This
little
place
being
in
a
manner
necessitated
by
its
situation
so
near
to
Bordeaux
,
and
lying
upon
the
same
River
,
to
have
continual
intercourse
,
and
Commerce
with
the
principal
City
,
had
thence
caught
the
Infection
,
which
,
for
ten
or
twelve
days
that
the
Duke
made
his
abode
there
,
made
miserable
havock
among
them
;
yet
was
it
only
upon
the
Inhabitants
of
the
Town
,
as
if
it
had
had
a
respect
to
his
Family
:
insomuch
that
although
he
never
refused
to
admit
any
of
the
people
into
his
house
,
that
he
went
himself
frequently
to
visit
the
sick
in
their
Cabins
,
and
that
so
numerous
a
Train
as
his
,
could
not
long
continue
in
so
little
a
place
,
without
having
some
communication
with
infected
persons
;
yet
was
there
(
which
was
a
kind
of
Miracle
)
a
continual
health
throughout
his
whole
Family
.
At
last
at
the
importunity
of
his
Domesticks
,
who
were
much
more
solicitous
of
him
,
than
he
was
of
himself
,
he
resolv'd
to
leave
the
lower
,
and
infected
,
to
go
seek
out
a
better
air
,
in
the
higher
,
and
more
healthful
Gascony
.
The
Duke
goes
into
the
higher
Gascony
.
He
went
therefore
first
to
Nerac
,
where
he
met
intelligence
of
a
Rebellion
newly
broken
out
at
Saint-Afrique
.
This
City
,
elevated
to
a
strange
degree
of
presumption
,
by
having
a
Siege
rais'd
from
before
it
,
of
which
we
have
already
spoken
in
the
year
1628.
receiv'd
order
at
this
time
to
quarter
seven
Foot
Companies
belonging
to
the
Regiment
of
Phalsbourg
,
the
same
that
has
since
long
serv'd
by
the
name
of
the
Regiment
of
Chamblay
:
upon
the
receipt
of
which
Order
,
the
Inhabitants
had
betaken
themselves
to
open
Arms
,
shut
up
their
Gates
,
and
deny'd
entrance
to
those
Companies
.
Neither
was
this
all
,
they
proceeded
from
words
to
some
untoward
effects
,
some
Souldiers
were
kill'd
from
the
Walls
of
the
City
;
neither
did
these
seditious
people
fail
of
their
endeavours
to
engage
Millant
,
and
some
other
neighbouring
Cities
of
their
Religion
,
in
the
same
Revolt
:
but
the
Duke
having
upon
the
first
notice
of
this
disorder
presently
transferr'd
himself
to
Montauban
,
with
a
resolution
to
proceed
further
if
occasion
should
require
,
by
his
presence
,
prevented
further
mischief
,
which
otherwise
might
have
grown
up
to
something
of
greater
importance
.
The
Inhabitants
of
Saint-Afrique
,
seeing
themselves
left
alone
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon
stops
the
progress
of
a
new
Rebellion
by
dismanteling
several
strong
Cities
of
the
Hugonot
party
.
abandon'd
by
all
their
old
Confederates
,
and
Friends
,
and
moreover
besieg'd
by
old
Souldiers
that
had
lodg'd
themselves
under
their
Walls
,
resolv'd
in
the
end
to
open
their
Gates
to
the
Garrison
,
as
they
accordingly
did
;
giving
the
Duke
thereby
an
opportunity
,
he
would
by
no
means
let
slip
,
of
tying
them
for
ever
fast
to
their
duty
.
Making
a
right
use
therefore
of
the
astonishment
,
and
consternation
they
were
then
in
,
he
commanded
the
Inhabitants
to
be
disarm'd
,
and
the
Walls
of
their
City
to
be
demolish'd
,
according
to
the
Articles
of
the
last
Peace
granted
to
those
of
the
Reform'd
Religion
.
Verthamont
Intendant
de
la
Iustice
took
upon
him
the
charge
of
seeing
it
perform'd
,
who
,
together
with
his
Office
of
Intendant
,
was
moreover
qualified
with
a
Commission
for
the
dismantling
of
several
Cities
of
that
Province
,
which
had
engag'd
with
the
Duke
of
Rohan
in
the
late
Commotion
.
So
that
the
Walls
of
Millant
,
one
of
the
strongest
Holds
of
that
Party
,
were
soon
seen
levell'd
with
the
ground
,
as
also
those
of
Saint-Afrique
,
of
Pont
de
Camarés
,
of
Saint-Rome
,
Tarn
,
and
several
other
places
.
Wherein
so
good
order
was
taken
,
that
there
was
no
more
fear
this
little
Countrey
,
one
of
the
hardest
to
be
reclaim'd
in
the
whole
Kingdom
,
and
that
had
been
likewise
one
of
that
last
,
that
had
return'd
to
its
obedience
,
should
for
the
future
commit
any
more
offenses
,
or
be
guilty
of
any
new
Commotion
.
The
Inhabitants
of
Montauban
cannot
in
this
part
of
my
story
,
without
great
injustice
,
be
deny'd
the
due
praise
of
behaving
themselves
exceedingly
well
upon
this
occasion
;
The
Inhabitants
of
Montauban
behave
themselves
very
well
upon
this
occasion
.
who
no
sooner
heard
the
Duke
design'd
to
come
into
their
Countrey
,
but
that
they
dispatch'd
away
some
of
the
chiefest
amongst
them
,
to
beseech
him
,
that
he
would
honour
their
City
with
his
presence
.
An
invitation
wherein
some
scruple
might
reasonably
have
been
made
,
and
would
the
Duke
have
been
govern'd
by
the
advice
of
many
of
his
Servants
,
he
had
not
perhaps
so
easily
given
up
himself
to
the
discretion
of
a
people
,
that
it
had
not
been
in
his
power
sometimes
to
useso
kindly
as
he
desir'd
.
To
this
consideration
the
present
juncture
of
Affairs
,
rendred
their
complement
much
more
suspected
,
Saint-Afrique
(
a
Town
of
the
Hugonot
Party
)
was
already
revolted
,
and
had
solicited
all
the
other
Cities
of
the
same
Religion
to
concur
with
them
in
the
maintenance
(
as
they
call'd
it
)
of
that
little
Liberty
,
they
had
left
remaining
;
but
the
Duke
by
his
generosity
overcoming
all
these
jealousies
(
sufficient
of
them-themselves
to
have
made
a
loss
daring
man
lose
the
opportunity
of
performing
that
Service
for
the
King
,
he
then
did
him
)
accepted
their
invitation
,
and
went
confidently
to
Montauban
;
where
,
if
those
of
the
Town
had
really
any
evil
intention
(
which
did
nevertheless
no
ways
appear
)
having
by
his
presence
dissolv'd
that
ill
humour
,
he
thereby
rendred
the
mutinous
designs
of
Saint-Afrique
so
inconsiderable
,
that
they
fell
at
last
upon
the
heads
of
them
,
who
had
been
the
contrivers
of
the
mischief
.
The
Duke
at
first
had
intended
to
have
continu'd
for
some
time
at
Montauban
,
believing
that
the
Commotion
of
Roüergue
would
not
so
soon
have
been
appeas'd
;
but
having
by
his
prudent
care
compos'd
things
sooner
than
he
expected
,
he
in
a
few
days
found
himself
at
liberty
to
go
as
far
as
the
Frontier
to
the
Baths
at
Banieres
.
The
Duke
goes
to
the
Baths
of
Banieres
.
This
Countrey
,
abounding
with
Gentry
equally
to
any
other
of
the
Kingdom
,
had
been
the
Nursery
from
whence
Monsieur
de
la
Valette
his
Father
,
the
Admiral
his
Brother
,
and
himself
had
continually
drawn
out
most
of
the
brave
men
with
which
they
had
so
gloriously
serv'd
their
Kings
,
and
maintain'd
their
own
Fortunes
;
as
it
was
also
out
of
them
,
that
he
had
constantly
chosen
most
of
his
Officers
for
Foot
Commands
.
The
acknowledgment
therefore
of
his
former
favours
,
being
by
no
better
way
to
be
express'd
,
than
by
the
great
conflux
of
those
he
had
oblig'd
,
they
came
to
wait
upon
him
in
so
great
numbers
,
and
so
handsomely
attended
,
that
he
could
hardly
have
been
better
accompanied
in
any
other
part
of
his
Government
.
They
here
pass'd
away
the
time
,
as
people
usually
do
in
the
Bathing
season
,
in
all
sorts
of
innocent
Recreations
,
to
which
the
good
Company
there
had
invited
the
Ladies
,
as
well
as
the
Gentlemen
of
the
Countrey
:
when
the
Duke
,
after
having
bestow'd
more
of
his
time
upon
his
friends
,
than
to
the
consultation
of
his
own
health
(
which
at
so
great
an
age
continued
in
a
marvellous
vigour
)
would
return
back
towards
the
lower
Gascony
,
to
see
the
miserable
condition
of
that
part
of
the
Province
,
still
groaning
under
the
same
heavy
judgments
,
wherewith
at
his
first
coming
from
Court
he
had
found
it
afflicted
.
Whilst
the
Duke
was
preparing
for
his
return
,
he
receiv'd
news
of
the
Grace
his
second
Son
had
receiv'd
from
the
King
,
who
had
lately
conferr'd
upon
him
the
honour
of
Duke
,
and
Peer
;
The
Marquis
de
la
Valette
takes
his
Oath
for
Duke
and
Peer
of
France
.
he
had
long
before
receiv'd
his
Patent
for
that
Dignity
,
which
has
made
me
so
often
in
the
preceding
discourse
,
give
him
that
Title
;
but
he
had
neither
taken
his
Oath
,
nor
assum'd
his
place
in
Parliament
till
this
time
.
The
Territory
of
Ville-Bois
settled
upon
him
by
the
Duke
his
Father
at
his
Marriage
,
was
also
honour'd
with
the
Title
of
a
Dutchy
,
by
that
means
leaving
its
former
denomination
,
to
take
that
of
its
Lord
,
and
Owner
.
That
which
rendred
this
new
Dignity
more
remarkable
was
,
that
Cardinal
Richelieu
(
at
this
time
advanc'd
to
the
greatest
height
a
Subject
can
be
capable
of
)
would
at
the
same
Session
be
installed
in
the
same
degree
of
honour
;
so
that
they
were
both
receiv'd
together
in
Parliament
,
and
both
their
Letters
Patents
the
same
day
verified
,
and
confirmed
.
The
Duke
,
though
at
present
ill
enough
dealt
withal
at
Court
,
and
inwardly
not
over-well
satisfied
with
former
passages
,
could
not
however
,
but
acknowledge
this
for
a
favour
;
so
that
,
once
in
his
life
accommodating
himself
to
the
time
,
he
writ
a
Letter
of
Complement
to
the
Cardinal
:
to
which
he
soon
after
return'd
an
answer
obliging
enough
;
wherein
,
after
he
had
reply'd
to
the
Duke's
civility
concerning
his
Sons
promotion
,
he
proceeded
to
acquaint
him
that
the
Cardinal
his
youngest
Son
had
been
lately
created
Governour
of
Anjou
.
The
Card●nal
de
la
Val●tte
made
Governour
of
Anjou
.
A
news
at
which
the
Duke
was
highly
pleas'd
:
but
as
joy
seldom
arrives
without
some
mixture
of
bitterness
;
this
was
soon
follow'd
by
one
of
the
most
just
,
and
most
sensible
afflictions
that
could
almost
arrive
,
which
was
the
Death
of
le
Plessis
his
beloved
,
and
faithful
Servant
.
This
Gentleman
,
equally
wise
,
and
valiant
,
dextrous
,
and
faithful
,
and
who
had
all
these
qualities
eminent
in
him
,
to
a
very
conspicuous
degree
had
been
so
happy
,
that
the
Services
which
had
been
acceptable
to
the
Father
,
were
no
less
pleasing
to
his
Sons
;
insomuch
that
not
one
of
them
but
was
passionate
for
his
advancement
,
and
ambitious
to
contribute
something
to
his
Fortune
;
a
thing
he
himself
so
little
considered
,
that
had
he
not
met
with
Masters
liberal
in
their
own
Natures
,
his
deserts
had
been
the
worst
rewarded
of
any
mans
of
his
time
:
but
such
was
the
acknowledgment
they
all
paid
to
his
merit
,
that
the
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
was
no
sooner
provided
of
the
Government
of
Anjou
,
but
that
he
cast
his
eye
upon
le
Plessis
,
to
bestow
upon
him
one
of
the
best
and
principal
Commands
of
that
Province
,
which
was
that
of
the
Castle
of
Angers
.
He
had
already
that
of
Chasteau
Trompette
of
Bordeaux
;
neither
would
the
Duke
consent
to
be
totally
depriv'd
of
his
Service
,
all
that
he
could
condescend
unto
to
satisfie
his
Son
,
being
to
share
with
him
in
this
good
Servant
,
and
to
give
way
that
he
should
serve
at
the
Castle
of
Angers
,
still
keeping
the
command
of
Chasteau
Trompette
.
Le
Plessis
having
therefore
taken
his
leave
of
the
Duke
at
Condom
to
go
to
take
possession
of
his
new
Government
staid
by
the
way
to
keep
his
Christmas
at
Bordeaux
,
with
an
intention
after
the
Holy
days
were
pass'd
,
to
continue
his
Journey
to
Angers
:
but
his
Devotion
making
him
commit
a
violence
upon
his
health
,
at
this
time
something
impair'd
,
by
an
indisposition
that
began
to
grow
upon
him
,
his
Disease
increas'd
to
such
a
degree
at
midnight
Mass
,
that
the
conclusion
of
his
Prayers
was
almost
the
end
of
his
Life
.
He
went
out
of
the
Church
seiz'd
with
a
Catarre
,
The
death
of
le
Plessis
Baussonniere
the
Duke's
principal
Servant
.
by
which
his
breathing
being
stop'd
,
and
all
sense
and
memory
taken
away
,
he
was
in
a
few
hours
totally
suffocated
.
He
could
not
certainly
by
a
more
Christian
,
nor
a
more
easie
death
have
finish'd
a
very
excellent
life
:
but
the
Duke
of
Espernon
could
not
of
a
long
time
after
be
comforted
for
his
loss
;
neither
indeed
could
a
greater
almost
have
befallen
him
,
he
having
scarce
any
other
Servant
left
,
that
was
allow'd
the
liberty
to
tell
his
Master
,
what
he
conceiv'd
was
best
for
the
good
of
his
Service
:
the
Duke
,
who
would
never
slacken
the
severe
hand
he
ever
held
over
all
his
Servants
,
not
enduring
that
any
of
them
should
presume
to
advise
him
:
this
only
by
the
prerogative
of
his
Age
,
and
approv'd
Fidelity
,
was
dispens'd
from
that
Law
;
a
dispensation
that
he
notwithstanding
ever
made
use
of
with
so
great
modesty
,
as
to
make
it
appear
it
was
rather
a
Priviledge
granted
by
the
Master's
bounty
,
than
any
Empire
usurp'd
by
the
Servant
over
his
Masters
affections
.
The
life
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
Anno
1632.
and
his
particular
actions
,
have
so
great
a
connexion
with
the
publick
interest
,
that
his
story
is
no
where
to
be
long
continued
without
putting
the
writer
upon
a
necessity
of
interweaving
something
of
the
general
concerns
of
the
Kingdom
;
which
obliges
me
in
this
place
to
resume
the
gross
of
Affairs
,
and
with
the
year
to
enter
into
transactions
of
very
great
importance
,
wherein
the
Duke
had
so
eminent
a
share
that
his
greatest
enemies
,
and
such
as
were
most
emulous
of
his
glory
,
cannot
but
do
him
that
right
as
to
confess
that
he
strook
the
greatest
stroke
in
the
success
of
the
Royal
Arms.
The
Queen
Mother
and
the
Monsieur
Troubles
arise
upon
the
retirement
of
the
Queen
Mother
,
and
the
Monsieur
.
being
retir'd
out
of
the
Kingdom
,
it
was
not
likely
,
but
that
two
so
great
persons
,
being
open
,
and
profess'd
enemies
to
the
Cardinal
(
whom
they
had
publickly
declar'd
to
be
the
Author
of
their
discontents
)
would
do
their
utmost
endeavours
to
make
him
feel
the
effects
of
their
indignation
:
but
it
appearing
that
the
King
was
in
a
manner
oblig'd
in
honour
to
protect
his
Minister
,
and
that
he
was
not
consequently
to
be
assaulted
without
offending
his
Majesty
himself
,
they
were
to
expect
a
great
,
and
vigorous
opposition
,
to
whatever
attempts
they
should
make
upon
the
Cardinal's
Fortune
.
These
two
discontented
Princes
therefore
,
well
foreseeing
this
difficulty
,
willingly
accepted
the
offers
made
them
by
the
Emperour
,
the
King
of
Spain
,
and
the
Duke
of
Lorain
,
to
take
Arms
in
their
favour
:
but
as
it
was
impossible
these
separate
Forces
should
unite
,
and
move
at
the
same
time
,
whereas
those
of
the
King
embodied
,
and
acting
by
one
sole
authority
,
The
Emperour
,
the
King
of
Spain
,
and
the
Duke
of
Lorain
,
engage
in
their
quarrel
.
could
in
a
moment
produce
the
effects
of
all
their
power
:
it
was
no
hard
matter
for
the
Cardinal
to
frustrate
the
attempts
of
all
these
Forein
Princes
,
and
to
repel
even
upon
them
themselves
,
who
were
most
active
to
destroy
him
,
the
designs
they
had
projected
for
his
ruine
.
If
the
Cardinal's
wisdom
was
of
great
use
to
him
(
as
questionless
it
was
)
upon
this
occasion
,
it
must
likewise
be
confess'd
that
Fortune
did
no
little
contribute
to
his
safety
,
who
from
the
extremities
of
the
North
,
rais'd
him
up
a
Prince
,
one
of
the
most
eminent
,
and
great
in
all
qualities
both
Military
,
and
Civil
,
that
latter
ages
have
produc'd
,
and
that
was
the
great
Gustavus
Adolphus
King
of
Sweden
.
This
Prince
(
in
truth
inconsiderable
enough
,
had
not
his
single
Person
,
and
Valour
in
themselves
,
been
worth
the
greatest
Armies
)
undertook
to
invade
Germany
,
and
to
assault
the
Emperour
in
the
heart
of
his
own
Dominions
;
notwithstanding
that
this
mighty
Prince
,
who
had
already
subdu'd
all
the
powers
that
were
opposite
to
him
,
possess'd
that
Empire
(
compos'd
of
many
Kingdoms
)
in
a
greater
degree
of
Sovereignty
,
than
any
of
his
Predecessors
,
who
had
sway'd
that
Scepter
for
many
Ages
before
him
,
had
ever
done
.
These
difficulties
,
sufficient
to
have
discourag'd
,
and
withheld
the
mightiest
powers
serv'd
only
for
Spurs
to
the
ambition
of
this
generous
,
and
magnanimous
Prince
.
He
entred
then
into
Germany
,
where
at
his
coming
he
proclaim'd
liberty
to
all
the
Princes
,
and
People
;
a
great
allurement
indeed
,
but
his
large
promises
without
some
advantageous
effects
were
not
of
force
to
draw
many
Partizans
over
to
his
side
.
He
sought
therefore
with
great
eagerness
an
occasion
wherein
to
make
tryal
of
his
Arms
,
which
he
knew
was
the
only
way
to
win
himself
Reputation
,
and
Friends
;
and
the
Emperour
,
who
had
no
less
Interest
to
stop
the
impetuosity
of
an
Invader
who
came
to
brave
him
in
the
heart
of
his
own
Empire
,
oppos'd
to
this
Torrent
(
and
that
under
the
command
of
the
best
,
and
most
fortunate
Leaders
he
had
)
his
Army
hitherto
victorious
over
all
the
Forces
they
had
met
in
the
Field
:
but
the
glory
of
all
those
Victories
serv'd
only
to
render
that
of
the
King
of
Sweden
more
illustrious
,
which
he
obtain'd
over
these
Conquerours
at
the
Battel
of
Lipsick
;
by
which
great
,
and
famous
action
,
having
rendred
his
name
(
till
then
almost
unknown
)
formidable
throughout
the
whole
Empire
,
he
ran
from
one
extremity
thereof
to
the
other
,
almost
without
any
resistance
,
at
least
without
meeting
any
impediment
that
could
stop
his
way
.
The
Cardinal
(
as
he
had
good
reason
)
rendred
himself
very
facile
,
and
favourable
to
this
Prince
,
who
seem'd
to
be
come
out
of
his
Rocks
,
and
Desarts
for
no
other
end
save
only
to
defend
his
quarrel
.
He
assisted
him
therefore
in
the
beginning
with
some
few
men
,
and
a
little
money
;
which
though
not
very
considerable
,
the
Swede
nevertheless
gave
so
important
a
diversion
to
the
House
of
Austria
,
that
having
their
hands
more
than
full
of
their
own
Affairs
,
they
were
far
from
being
in
any
capacity
of
traversing
their
Neighbours
designs
.
If
the
Emperour
had
enough
to
do
at
home
,
the
King
of
Spain
had
no
less
need
of
all
his
Forces
at
the
Siege
of
Mastrick
;
and
the
Duke
of
Lorain
depriv'd
of
the
support
of
these
two
great
Princes
,
under
whose
shadow
,
and
protection
he
had
taken
Arms
,
being
of
himself
unable
to
withstand
the
King's
Power
,
was
necessitated
(
as
he
had
done
some
time
before
)
to
fly
to
his
Majesties
mercy
.
By
the
Treaty
of
Vic
,
concluded
in
the
beginning
of
the
year
,
he
had
d●liver'd
Marsal
to
the
King
by
way
of
caution
for
the
performance
of
his
word
;
and
for
this
second
of
Liverdune
,
he
moreover
assign'd
to
him
Stenay
,
Iamets
,
and
Clairmont
;
upon
which
good
security
his
Majesty
having
granted
him
peace
,
he
was
constrain'd
to
observe
it
,
though
it
was
only
not
long
after
to
break
it
:
from
whence
ensu'd
the
loss
of
his
whole
Dukedom
.
The
Monsieur
seeing
himself
thus
defeated
of
all
hopes
of
any
Forein
assistance
,
his
Servants
assay'd
to
procure
that
for
him
at
home
,
they
saw
was
not
elsewhere
to
be
expected
;
to
which
end
Letters
from
the
Queen
Mother
,
and
himself
were
presented
to
the
Parliament
of
Paris
,
to
try
if
by
that
application
they
could
interest
that
Assembly
in
their
grievances
,
and
inveagle
the
Parisians
into
a
good
opinion
of
their
cause
:
but
all
in
vain
;
they
practis'd
moreover
several
discontented
persons
,
whose
assistance
consisting
only
of
a
very
few
men
,
was
also
of
no
great
effect
;
the
remains
of
the
Hugonot
party
were
likewise
tamper'd
withal
;
but
besides
that
they
were
reduc'd
to
such
a
low
condition
,
that
they
had
greater
need
of
some
Potent
Prince
to
protect
them
,
than
that
they
were
in
any
capacity
to
repair
the
fortune
of
a
great
Prince
declin'd
;
there
was
so
good
order
taken
to
hold
them
in
,
in
all
parts
of
the
Kingdom
,
that
not
a
man
amongst
them
durst
once
offer
to
stir
.
The
Cardinal
having
from
the
beginning
of
the
year
foreseen
,
that
the
discontents
of
the
Queen
Mother
,
and
the
Monsieur
exasperated
,
and
fomented
by
strangers
,
would
infallibly
bring
a
War
upon
the
Kingdom
,
had
omitted
no
manner
of
precaution
that
might
serve
to
frustrate
their
designs
:
he
had
caus'd
the
Kings
standing
Regiments
both
of
Horse
and
Foot
to
be
reinforc'd
,
had
put
sufficient
Garrisons
into
all
the
important
Cities
,
had
by
very
severe
prohibitions
forestall'd
all
such
as
were
likely
to
engage
with
the
Enemy
;
and
those
of
the
Religion
,
though
already
upon
the
matter
subdu●d
,
being
yet
in
some
sor●
,
even
in
their
impotency
to
be
suspected
,
he
had
taken
a
particular
care
to
make
sure
of
them
upon
this
occasion
.
What
difficulties
soever
the
punctual
execution
of
these
Orders
had
strew'd
in
the
way
of
the
Monsieur
's
designs
,
and
notwithstanding
that
he
saw
himself
abandoned
by
his
Forein
friends
,
sufficiently
taken
up
with
their
own
particular
Affairs
,
he
thought
nevertheless
that
the
sole
interest
of
the
Duke
of
Montmorency
,
who
was
absolutely
at
his
Devotion
,
would
of
it self
enable
him
to
execute
his
revenge
for
the
injuries
he
had
receiv'd
.
The
Monsieur
enters
the
Kingdom
.
Upon
which
assurance
he
entred
the
Kingdom
in
Iune
,
accompanied
only
with
two
thousand
Horse
,
pick'd
up
of
several
Nations
,
and
two
thousand
Foot
,
or
thereabouts
,
taking
his
way
through
Burgundy
,
without
making
any
discovery
into
what
part
of
France
he
intended
to
retire
:
and
then
it
was
that
the
King's
Orders
,
and
dispatches
were
redoubled
,
and
sent
with
great
diligence
into
all
parts
of
the
Kingdom
,
to
which
it
was
probable
those
Forces
would
direct
their
March
.
They
seem'd
principally
to
threaten
either
Languedoc
,
or
Guienne
;
the
Governours
of
which
two
Provinces
having
no
great
reason
to
be
very
well
satisfied
with
the
Court
,
the
Cardinal
did
not
well
know
what
to
think
of
them
,
nor
what
to
promise
to
himself
from
their
Fidelity
in
so
critical
a
time
.
Of
these
the
Duke
of
Montmorency
,
the
more
reason
the
Court
had
to
be
jealous
of
his
behaviour
,
the
more
industrious
he
was
(
as
guilty
men
usually
are
)
to
wipe
off
all
shadow
of
suspicion
they
might
justly
conceive
;
insomuch
that
't
is
said
he
dispatch'd
post
after
post
to
the
King
to
give
him
assurance
of
his
Loyalty
;
a
thing
that
afterwards
prov'd
one
of
the
most
dangerous
circumstances
of
his
offense
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon
did
not
promise
so
much
,
and
perform'd
much
more
,
he
only
sending
the
Sieur
de
Camp●ls
,
Gentleman
of
his
Horse
,
to
assure
the
King
of
his
Fidelity
,
and
was
so
punctual
in
the
performance
of
his
word
,
that
he
fail'd
not
in
the
least
Article
of
his
duty
.
After
the
Duke
of
Montmorency
had
kept
the
Court
sufficiently
in
suspense
of
what
he
resolv'd
to
do
,
he
at
last
declar'd
himself
by
taking
open
arms
in
favour
of
the
Monsieur
;
The
Duke
of
Montmor●ncy
declare●
in
favour
of
the
Monsieur
.
who
was
now
come
into
Languedoc
,
where
he
caus'd
several
Cities
he
had
made
firm
for
his
purpose
,
to
revolt
,
and
moreover
debauch'd
many
Gentlemen
of
very
eminent
quality
,
whom
either
the
respect
,
and
affection
to
his
person
,
or
the
hope
of
change
had
allur'd
over
to
his
Party
.
If
the
Monsieur's
designs
,
before
the
Duke
of
Montmorency
declar'd
in
his
Quarrel
,
had
amus'd
the
whole
Court
,
their
astonishment
was
infinitely
augmented
,
after
he
had
betaken
himself
to
Arms
,
who
having
immediately
thereupon
publish'd
several
causes
of
his
discontent
,
many
at
that
time
allow'd
them
to
be
very
just
,
though
no
one
could
approve
the
course
he
took
to
manifest
his
resentment
.
The
news
of
his
defection
surpriz'd
the
Duke
of
Espernon
at
Agen
,
it
surpriz'd
him
indeed
,
who
expected
nothing
less
than
to
see
himself
engag'd
in
a
party
contrary
to
the
dearest
friend
he
had
in
the
world
;
The
Duke
of
Espernon
a●v●nces
towar●s
Languedoc
.
though
that
friendship
,
as
all
his
other
friendships
had
ever
done
,
must
here
give
place
to
his
duty
.
Upon
the
first
Orders
therefore
he
receiv'd
from
the
King
,
after
the
Monsieur
's
entry
into
the
Kingdom
,
he
immediately
departed
from
Cadillac
,
to
advance
into
the
center
of
the
Province
,
which
was
Agen
,
to
the
end
that
from
that
prospect
,
he
might
observe
what
parts
of
his
Government
stood
most
in
need
of
his
presence
.
There
was
no
dispute
(
the
Duke
of
Montmorency
having
declar'd
)
but
that
he
must
of
necessity
advance
towards
Languedoc
,
to
secure
Montauban
,
that
being
the
nearest
City
of
importance
to
the
revolted
Province
:
but
the
difficulty
was
,
how
to
do
it
so
,
that
Montauban
might
not
rather
secure
him
,
who
had
only
his
own
Guards
about
his
person
,
with
ten
Companies
of
the
Regiment
of
P●alsbourg
,
that
remain'd
of
twenty
he
had
had
in
Guienne
,
the
rest
being
a
few
days
before
sent
away
to
joyn
with
the
Mareschal
de
Schomberg
.
The
Mareschal
arriving
in
Languedoc
,
had
sent
to
borrow
these
Forces
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
perhaps
out
of
a
design
,
rather
to
weaken
him
(
of
whose
resolutions
they
were
yet
uncertain
)
than
to
strengthen
himself
;
which
though
the
Duke
could
at
that
time
very
ill
have
spar'd
,
who
was
to
go
to
expose
himself
in
a
place
,
where
he
had
great
reason
to
suspect
his
own
safety
,
yet
would
he
not
refuse
the
Mareschal
upon
his
first
demand
;
by
that
freedom
sufficiently
manifesting
with
what
integrity
and
candour
he
proceeded
in
the
Kings
Interest
.
This
proceeding
,
The
Court
in
〈◊〉
of
the
D●●e
of
Esp●rnon's
resolutions
.
how
franck
and
generous
soever
,
could
not
nevertheless
so
satisfie
the
Court
,
that
they
were
not
yet
in
great
anxiety
,
and
suspense
,
what
his
resolution
might
be
:
the
hereditary
friendship
,
and
strict
alliance
,
betwixt
the
House
of
Montmorency
,
and
him
,
were
sufficiently
known
;
neither
were
they
ignorant
that
the
tender
,
and
passionate
affection
he
had
for
the
person
of
this
Duke
,
was
equal
to
that
he
had
for
his
own
Children
▪
they
knew
moreover
that
two
days
before
the
Duke
had
declar'd
,
the
Marchioness
of
Montferrant
of
the
House
of
Montmorency
,
widow
to
the
Baron
de
Montaut
the
Duke's
Cousin
German
,
and
now
Wife
to
one
of
the
most
intimate
friends
he
had
in
the
Province
,
had
parted
from
the
Dutchess
of
Montmorency
,
to
return
into
Guienne
to
her
Husband
who
was
then
with
the
Duke
of
Espernon
:
so
that
this
Lady
,
a
woman
capable
of
the
greatest
Affairs
,
above
what
is
usual
in
persons
of
her
Sex
,
there
were
few
who
did
not
conclude
,
she
had
been
purposely
sent
by
the
Duke
her
Kinsman
to
labour
an
intelligence
with
the
Duke
his
ally
;
though
in
truth
there
was
no
such
thing
.
In
fine
,
the
good
or
ill
success
of
Affairs
depending
without
all
doubt
absolutely
upon
him
,
the
Court
had
all
the
reason
in
the
world
to
be
in
some
fear
of
what
his
determination
would
be
.
All
the
Gentry
of
his
Government
were
wavering
,
those
of
the
Reform'd
Religion
who
had
been
constrain'd
to
accept
of
an
incommodious
Peace
,
in
all
apparence
,
waited
only
expecting
a
fit
opportunity
to
begin
a
new
War
;
thereby
to
obtain
more
advantageous
conditions
,
than
those
that
had
been
impos'd
upon
them
;
and
the
people
oppress'd
more
than
ordinary
by
new
Taxes
,
desir'd
nothing
more
than
trouble
,
and
confusion
,
which
they
conceiv'd
to
be
the
best
,
and
only
remedy
for
their
present
calamities
.
These
evil
dispositions
were
not
only
in
Guienne
,
but
Angoumois
also
;
Xaintonge
,
Limousin
,
and
Poictou
,
panted
with
the
same
thirst
of
Innovation
:
so
that
in
all
these
Provinces
(
where
the
Duke
had
long
govern'd
)
they
yet
retain'd
for
him
so
great
a
love
,
and
respect
,
that
what
resolution
soever
he
had
taken
,
would
without
contradiction
have
been
follow'd
by
them
for
the
best
.
Neither
had
he
needed
to
have
made
any
great
ado
,
to
procure
a
great
deal
of
mischief
;
since
by
only
sitting
still
,
and
conniving
never
so
little
at
those
who
were
ready
for
Commotion
,
he
might
have
wrought
matters
into
such
a
confusion
,
as
would
infallibly
have
put
the
Kingdom
into
very
great
disorder
;
and
then
the
Mareschal
de
Schomberg
,
shut
up
betwixt
the
Forces
of
Languedoc
,
and
Guienne
,
would
have
been
irrecoverably
lost
.
But
this
good
Frenchman
,
what
aversion
soever
he
might
have
to
the
Cardinal
's
immeasurable
greatness
,
what
affection
soever
for
the
Duke
of
Montmorency
,
or
what
advantage
soever
he
might
reasonably
propose
to
himself
from
the
alteration
of
Affairs
(
the
face
whereof
he
might
doubtless
have
chang'd
)
he
still
preferr'd
the
Service
of
his
Prince
,
and
the
good
of
his
Countrey
,
before
any
particular
Interest
of
his
own
,
and
remain'd
unshaken
in
his
duty
,
notwithstanding
all
the
overtures
had
been
made
,
and
the
importunities
had
been
us'd
to
debauch
him
.
The
Duke
acting
with
this
sincerity
and
candour
,
thought
it
very
requisite
to
confirm
the
King
in
the
assurances
he
had
formerly
given
his
Majesty
,
of
his
fidelity
,
and
truth
,
which
he
did
by
sending
away
the
Count
de
Maillé
to
that
effect
:
and
proceeding
from
words
to
actions
,
after
he
was
arriv'd
at
Montauban
,
his
first
care
was
speedily
to
dispatch
away
two
Gentlemen
throughout
the
whole
Province
,
to
summon
in
to
him
all
the
persons
of
quality
,
whom
he
had
most
reason
to
suspect
.
There
were
very
few
who
did
not
promptly
obey
this
Summons
,
which
being
deliver'd
them
by
men
of
Repute
,
they
could
not
make
any
excuse
,
that
they
had
not
receiv'd
his
Commands
;
and
it
was
no
hard
matter
for
the
Duke
when
he
had
them
so
near
his
person
,
to
keep
them
there
,
and
so
narrowly
to
watch
them
,
that
they
were
not
conveniently
to
be
practis'd
;
by
which
means
,
besides
this
advantage
,
which
was
none
of
the
most
inconsiderable
,
he
from
this
way
of
proceeding
,
deriv'd
another
of
exceeding
great
moment
,
which
was
insensibly
,
and
as
it
were
almost
without
design
,
to
fortifie
himself
in
a
City
,
where
he
was
very
weak
,
and
the
disposition
whereof
was
as
yet
very
uncertain
.
It
is
not
to
be
believ'd
how
great
an
effect
these
prudent
precautions
produc'd
to
the
security
of
Affairs
,
nor
how
much
several
persons
were
disabus'd
thereby
,
who
otherwise
might
have
suffer'd
themselves
to
have
been
deceiv'd
by
false
impressions
of
the
Duke
,
and
such
as
were
utterly
contrary
to
his
intention
:
but
his
fidelity
was
so
legible
throughout
the
whole
order
of
his
conduct
,
and
he
gave
so
little
hopes
to
those
who
were
seditiously
affected
,
of
being
to
be
tempted
to
embrace
any
disloyal
motion
,
that
in
so
great
a
disposition
to
evil
,
and
in
so
favourable
an
occasion
to
do
it
,
there
was
not
one
man
of
quality
of
Guienne
,
excepting
Saint
Croix
d'
Ornano
,
who
was
one
of
the
Monsieur
's
Domestick
Servants
,
that
went
out
of
the
Province
to
joyn
with
him
;
the
Duke
's
good
Example
,
and
Exhortations
,
so
containing
all
the
rest
within
the
bounds
of
their
Duty
,
that
the
King
had
a
very
good
issue
of
an
Affair
,
his
Majesty
himself
thought
would
not
so
easily
have
determin'd
.
It
was
after
all
these
important
services
,
that
it
was
justly
said
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
that
In
doing
nothing
●e
had
done
all
;
for
in
effect
,
without
stirring
from
the
place
,
without
arming
any
other
than
his
own
Guards
,
without
having
spilt
one
drop
of
blood
,
or
spent
six
pence
of
the
King's
money
,
he
procur'd
his
Majesty
,
without
danger
,
or
expense
,
a
Victory
that
settled
the
whole
Kingdom
in
repose
.
The
King
,
inform'd
by
the
Duke's
dispatches
of
the
good
order
he
had
taken
in
his
Government
,
by
very
gracious
Letters
(
which
the
Count
de
Maillé
brought
back
at
his
return
)
signified
to
him
how
highly
he
was
satisfied
with
his
conduct
;
The
King
writes
very
graciously
,
and
the
Cardinal
very
kindly
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
in
acknowledgment
of
his
good
Service
.
wherein
,
amongst
other
things
,
his
Majesty
acquainted
him
with
his
intention
to
leave
Paris
,
and
to
take
the
way
of
Lyons
,
there
to
command
his
Army
in
his
own
person
(
a
thing
the
Council
would
never
consent
unto
,
till
they
were
secure
of
the
Duke's
intentions
)
and
the
Cardinal
,
in
his
Letters
bearing
the
same
date
with
the
King
's
,
writ
to
him
in
these
express
terms
:
I
shall
content
my self
with
giving
you
this
assurance
,
that
nothing
can
possibly
be
added
to
the
infinite
satisfaction
his
Majesty
has
receiv'd
in
the
Zeal
you
have
manifested
to
the
good
of
his
Service
in
the
present
occasion
;
and
that
I
shall
with
great
diligence
seek
all
opportunities
that
may
contribute
to
the
desire
I
have
to
let
you
see
,
that
no
one
is
more
really
than
my self
,
Your
,
&c.
To
these
during
the
King's
Expedition
,
he
receiv'd
several
other
Dispatches
,
of
the
same
obliging
style
,
which
I
forbear
to
copy
here
,
that
I
may
not
importune
my
Reader
,
But
how
great
soever
the
Duke's
Merits
and
Services
were
,
and
how
large
soever
the
promises
,
that
had
been
made
him
,
the
memory
of
those
Services
was
notwithstanding
so
short
liv'd
,
that
even
before
the
storm
was
well
over
,
they
sought
an
occasion
to
quarrel
with
him
,
thinking
it
,
belike
,
better
cheap
to
cavil
at
some
little
passages
,
(
which
ought
rather
to
be
imputed
to
his
humour
,
than
his
intention
)
than
to
stand
oblig'd
to
him
for
this
Service
.
I
should
never
have
done
should
I
undertake
to
relate
all
the
particularities
(
though
remarkable
enough
in
themselves
)
or
should
I
so
much
as
insist
upon
the
more
eminently
considerable
passages
that
hapned
upon
this
occasion
,
which
makes
me
omit
many
things
,
that
perhaps
would
not
be
altogether
unpleasant
,
The
Engagement
of
Castelnaudary
,
wherein
the
Caunt
de
Moret
was
slain
,
and
the
Duke
of
Montmorency
taken
prisoner
;
from
which
disaster
the
ruine
of
the
Monsieur
's
party
ensues
.
to
come
to
the
main
business
of
all
,
which
is
the
defeat
of
of
the
Duke
of
Montmorency
,
and
his
being
taken
prisoner
.
'T
is
well
enough
known
after
what
manner
this
unfortunate
Lord
precipitously
,
and
almost
alone
,
engag'd
himself
against
a
whole
Army
;
a
rashness
by
which
he
became
the
principal
instrument
of
his
enemies
Victory
:
insomuch
that
had
he
combin'd
with
them
against
himself
,
he
could
not
more
blindly
,
and
wilfully
have
run
upon
his
own
destruction
.
He
compell'd
the
Mareschal
de
Scomberg
to
fight
against
his
intention
,
and
to
overcome
him
against
his
will
;
he
had
not
,
't
is
true
full
fifty
men
slain
in
this
Engagement
,
which
will
yet
appear
a
great
number
,
considering
that
he
had
not
above
an
hundred
,
that
charg'd
with
him
upon
this
occasion
.
The
Count
de
Moret
,
a
young
Prince
of
great
merit
,
and
much
greater
expectation
,
was
so
unfortunate
as
to
lose
his
life
without
the
Trenches
that
separated
the
Monsieur
's
Army
from
that
of
the
Mareschal
;
some
other
persons
of
quality
ran
also
the
same
Fortune
:
but
although
this
loss
was
small
in
respect
to
the
number
of
men
,
the
taking
of
the
Duke
of
Montmorency
made
it
nevertheless
so
highly
considerable
,
that
every
one
concluded
the
ruine
of
the
whole
party
infallible
.
For
the
Monsieur
having
upon
him
repos'd
his
whole
confidence
for
the
command
of
the
Army
,
the
Cities
and
Forces
of
Languedoc
being
wholly
ty'd
to
his
person
,
and
interest
,
and
all
things
absolutely
depending
upon
him
;
he
was
no
sooner
taken
,
but
that
the
Cities
revolted
,
and
the
Army
disbanded
:
so
that
in
a
few
days
the
Monsieur
saw
himself
so
totally
deserted
,
that
what
attempt
soever
he
had
a
desire
to
make
to
rescue
the
Duke
of
Montmorency
out
of
the
enemies
hands
,
and
yet
to
dispute
the
Victory
,
he
had
so
few
left
wherewith
to
execute
his
desire
,
and
those
few
so
dejected
with
the
late
misfortune
,
that
he
was
reduc'd
to
a
necessity
of
relying
upon
the
faith
of
a
Treaty
for
the
preservation
of
a
Servant
,
who
contrary
to
his
order
had
lost
himself
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon
advertis'd
of
this
accident
,
by
a
dispatch
from
the
Mareschal
de
Scomberg
,
dated
the
second
of
September
,
which
was
the
next
day
after
the
fight
,
was
afflicted
beyond
expression
at
the
Duke
of
Montmorency's
misfortune
.
He
gave
him
at
the
first
for
lost
,
and
being
very
well
acquainted
with
the
severe
Maxims
of
that
time
,
together
with
the
implacable
hatred
the
great
Minister
had
conceiv'd
against
him
,
did
forthwith
conclude
,
that
this
first
Offense
would
also
be
the
last
he
was
ever
likely
to
commit
.
Yet
not
to
fail
upon
this
event
in
any
of
his
respects
,
he
wrote
to
the
King
to
signifie
to
his
Majesty
the
joy
he
conceiv'd
for
the
prosperity
of
his
Arms
;
he
sent
likewise
the
same
Complement
to
the
Mareschal
de
Scomberg
,
and
to
the
Marquis
de
Brezé
,
who
had
behav'd
himself
very
gallantly
upon
this
occasion
:
but
he
also
manifested
to
the
Duke
of
Montmorency
,
his
great
grief
for
his
misfortune
.
It
was
by
a
Gentleman
dispatch'd
on
purpose
to
that
end
(
and
before
the
liberty
of
receiving
his
friends
addresses
,
was
taken
from
him
)
that
he
sent
to
assure
this
Duke
of
whatever
without
reservation
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon
sends
a
Complement
to
the
Duke
of
Montmorency
in
Prison
.
he
could
expect
from
the
passion
,
he
had
ever
had
,
and
was
oblig'd
ever
to
have
for
his
Service
.
He
did
not
write
to
him
,
but
he
writ
to
the
Mareschal
de
Scomberg
,
to
intreat
he
would
permit
him
to
pay
his
friend
in
so
great
an
extremity
,
what
their
mutual
Affection
exacted
from
his
duty
:
a
request
in
the
granting
whereof
,
the
Mareschal
was
so
exceeding
civil
,
as
to
cause
the
Duke's
Gentleman
(
which
was
Naugas
the
Lieutenant
of
his
Guards
)
to
be
forthwith
conducted
to
the
Duke
of
Montmorency's
Chamber
.
Naugas
had
there
full
liberty
to
deliver
all
he
had
in
charge
from
the
Duke
his
Master
;
whereupon
this
unfortunate
Lord
,
who
had
ever
honour'd
the
Duke
,
as
if
he
had
been
his
Father
,
touch'd
with
the
sense
of
this
seasonable
manifestation
of
a
Friendship
,
which
he
knew
to
be
unfeigned
,
would
needs
upon
the
instant
return
an
acknowledgment
of
the
timely
kindness
,
by
a
word
in
writing
under
his
own
hand
,
though
very
much
weakened
with
ten
great
wounds
,
and
roul'd
up
with
Lints
and
Plaisters
.
Wherein
he
briefly
told
him
according
to
his
ordinary
way
of
writing
,
That
he
acknowledg'd
himself
infintely
oblig'd
for
the
favour
he
had
done
him
:
That
he
would
not
however
in
return
offer
him
his
[
](A42794-e88030-b)*
*
Not
otherwise
to
be
rendred
without
spoiling
the
sense
.
good
Graces
,
which
,
at
this
time
were
none
of
the
best
(
intimating
thereby
his
wounded
face
)
but
that
,
if
it
should
please
God
to
restore
him
to
his
health
,
he
would
imploy
that
,
with
his
life
in
his
Service
.
To
which
he
added
by
word
of
mouth
,
several
passionate
expressions
of
the
Affection
he
bore
to
the
Duke
;
not
then
dreaming
without
doubt
that
he
should
so
soon
be
depriv'd
of
all
means
whereby
to
make
it
appear
.
All
which
,
being
brought
back
by
Naugas
,
only
serv'd
to
augment
the
Duke's
Affliction
,
who
was
the
more
compassionate
of
his
friends
condition
,
by
how
much
he
himself
was
ignorant
of
his
own
misfortune
,
and
insensible
of
his
danger
.
The
news
of
this
defeat
having
met
the
King
at
Lyons
,
who
with
new
Forces
was
following
his
other
Armies
,
his
Majesty
no
more
doubted
,
but
that
all
the
Monsieur
's
Party
would
suddenly
dissolve
,
as
in
a
few
days
it
did
;
so
that
having
nothing
more
to
do
,
save
only
to
settle
what
had
been
discompos'd
by
the
late
Commotion
,
he
mov'd
with
so
great
deliberation
towards
Tholouze
,
The
Duke
advances
to
Tholouze
.
that
he
arriv'd
not
there
till
the
22.
of
the
month
following
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon
in
the
mean
time
,
seeing
there
was
now
nothing
that
could
oblige
him
to
make
any
longer
stay
either
at
Montauban
,
or
upon
the
Frontier
of
Languedoc
,
went
to
the
waters
of
Encausse
,
a
journey
he
rather
undertook
to
divert
himself
,
whilst
he
waited
in
expectation
of
the
King
's
coming
,
The
Duke
of
Montmorency
brought
to
Tholouze
,
and
his
Tryal
begun
.
than
for
any
great
business
he
had
there
in
order
to
his
health
.
The
King
being
(
as
has
been
said
)
arriv'd
at
Tholouze
the
22.
of
October
,
there
was
present
order
given
for
the
bringing
thither
of
the
Duke
of
Montmorency
,
who
accordingly
arriving
there
,
was
,
as
soon
as
brought
,
committed
into
the
custody
of
two
Judges
of
the
Parliament
:
a
proceeding
by
which
his
Relations
and
Friends
,
being
given
to
understand
,
that
they
aim'd
directly
at
his
life
,
there
was
not
one
of
them
who
was
not
ready
to
serve
him
,
with
the
hazard
of
his
own
;
but
yet
not
one
of
them
durst
be
so
bold
,
as
to
speak
for
him
to
the
King
.
His
Majesty
seem'd
to
have
bolted
the
door
against
all
manner
of
intercession
,
by
denying
his
pardon
to
the
Monsieur
,
who
had
not
(
as
it
was
said
)
sign'd
the
Articles
of
the
Treaty
upon
any
other
accompt
,
save
only
to
preserve
him
.
The
Princess
of
Condé
was
moreover
forbidden
to
enter
into
Tholouze
,
by
that
means
being
rendred
incapable
of
paying
so
beloved
,
and
so
noble
a
Brother
any
other
duty
than
that
of
her
fruitless
sighs
,
and
tears
.
In
this
general
consternation
,
whilst
the
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
,
was
using
his
utmost
interest
,
and
endeavour
with
Cardinal
Richelieu
,
the
Duke
of
Espernon
was
no
less
importunate
with
the
King
,
he
being
the
only
man
that
had
the
courage
to
speak
directly
in
the
behalf
of
the
Duke
of
Montmorency
,
and
to
be
the
Orator
of
his
other
Friends
,
wherein
if
his
success
was
not
such
,
as
he
did
heartily
desire
;
yet
ought
he
not
in
this
place
to
be
deny'd
the
testimony
of
his
vertuous
endeavour
for
the
preservation
of
so
precious
a
life
.
He
address'd
himself
therefore
boldly
to
the
King
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon
intercedes
for
the
Duke
of
Montmorency
.
when
being
kneel'd
down
,
with
greater
submission
to
prefer
his
most
humble
Suit
,
the
King
was
pleas'd
to
raise
him
up
,
and
to
give
him
leave
to
say
:
That
he
did
not
throw
himself
at
his
Majesties
feet
to
justifie
the
Duke
of
Montmorency
in
the
least
,
nor
by
excuses
to
extenuate
the
greatness
of
his
offense
:
That
he
did
acknowledge
him
to
be
guilty
,
his
Crime
being
too
high
,
and
manifest
to
admit
of
any
excuse
;
but
that
if
it
were
less
,
it
would
be
less
worthy
of
his
Majesties
mercy
:
That
that
Vertue
truly
Royal
,
never
appear'd
in
so
great
lustre
,
as
when
employ'd
upon
great
Subjects
,
and
after
great
Offenses
:
That
his
Majesty
would
hardly
meet
with
another
occasion
,
wherein
it
would
be
so
conspicuously
eminent
,
as
in
this
,
all
Europe
having
at
this
time
their
eyes
fix'd
upon
him
,
to
observe
what
he
would
please
to
determine
of
so
illustrious
a
Head
:
That
he
was
the
bolder
to
sue
to
his
Majesty
for
this
pardon
,
by
how
much
having
in
his
own
person
,
and
upon
almost
the
like
occasion
,
receiv'd
the
same
Grace
from
his
Majesties
bounty
,
he
flatter'd
himself
to
be
so
happy
as
that
his
Majesty
had
never
repented
himself
of
that
favour
:
That
he
was
not
the
only
person
amongst
his
Servants
,
who
stood
oblig'd
to
his
Clemency
for
the
same
benefit
,
but
that
Monsieur
,
the
Cardinal
de
Richelieu
was
equally
concern'd
:
That
they
had
both
of
them
engag'd
in
the
Queen
Mothers
interest
in
a
time
when
his
Majesties
Royal
Name
was
oppos'd
against
them
,
though
they
had
therein
no
other
intention
,
than
to
do
him
service
;
and
that
if
in
that
juncture
his
Majesty
had
left
them
to
the
severity
of
Law
and
Justice
,
he
had
depriv'd
himself
of
the
great
services
of
the
one
,
and
the
gratitude
of
the
other
:
That
the
youth
of
Monsieur
de
Montmorency
deserv'd
no
less
to
be
excus'd
,
than
their
good
intentions
:
That
his
person
being
in
his
Majesties
power
,
he
would
be
secur'd
from
doing
any
thing
to
the
preujudice
of
his
Service
;
but
that
his
preservation
might
serve
eternally
to
his
glory
:
That
he
did
humbly
beseech
his
Majesty
to
consider
,
that
the
great
name
of
Montmorency
was
now
only
surviving
in
his
single
person
:
That
the
merit
of
his
Ancestors
(
who
by
a
long
succession
extended
their
race
almost
to
the
first
foundation
of
the
French
Monarchy
)
pleaded
so
highly
for
his
Pardon
,
that
one
rash
Act
ought
not
to
forfeit
so
brave
a
Gentleman
to
the
severity
of
his
Majesties
Justice
.
That
if
he
should
be
so
fortunate
as
to
obtain
a
second
life
for
his
friend
,
he
would
with
all
his
heart
become
his
Security
,
that
for
the
future
it
should
never
be
employ'd
,
but
in
his
Majesties
Service
,
and
that
his
Blood
should
serve
for
no
other
use
,
than
to
wash
away
the
Stain
,
and
for
ever
to
obliterate
the
memory
of
his
Offense
.
The
King
with
great
patience
,
and
without
once
offering
to
interrupt
him
,
gave
the
Duke
free
liberty
to
continue
his
discourse
to
the
end
,
seeming
moreover
to
hearken
to
him
with
some
kind
of
hopeful
attention
:
but
that
favourable
audience
was
also
the
only
fruit
of
his
address
;
for
his
Majesty
having
from
the
beginning
of
the
Duke's
Speech
fix'd
his
eyes
upon
the
ground
,
never
lifted
them
from
thence
so
much
as
once
to
look
upon
the
Duke
who
was
speaking
to
him
;
neither
when
he
had
concluded
did
he
answer
him
one
word
:
by
which
silence
the
Duke
perceiving
the
ruine
of
his
friend
to
be
absolutely
decreed
,
he
spoke
again
,
and
said
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon
not
being
able
to
prevail
with
the
Ki●g
in
the
behalf
of
he
Duke
of
M●ntmorency
begs
leave
to
retire
,
and
obtains
it
.
Sir
,
since
I
am
so
unhappy
as
not
to
hope
to
obtain
your
Majesties
Pardon
for
Monsieur
de
Montmorency
,
I
humbly
beg
leave
that
I
may
retire
:
When
though
the
King
had
been
dumb
to
the
first
,
he
found
words
to
make
answer
to
this
last
request
,
by
telling
him
,
Yes
,
you
have
free
leave
;
neither
do
I
intend
my self
to
stay
long
in
this
City
.
Whereupon
the
Duke
afflicted
to
the
last
degree
,
that
he
had
been
able
to
obtain
nothing
more
(
though
indeed
he
had
not
expected
much
better
success
)
presently
withdrew
himself
to
go
wait
upon
the
Princess
of
Condé
in
the
Suburbs
of
Tholouze
(
to
which
place
she
was
retir'd
)
there
to
condole
with
her
their
common
misfortune
.
He
found
at
his
coming
thither
that
Cardinal
Richelieu
was
but
newly
parted
thence
,
whose
visit
,
by
giving
her
no
satisfaction
,
having
put
her
into
the
last
despair
,
the
Duke
's
hapned
to
be
exceeding
seasonable
for
the
composing
of
her
mind
agitated
with
so
violent
a
Passion
.
Though
the
Duke
from
that
very
day
prepar'd
himself
for
his
departure
,
yet
had
he
time
enough
before
he
went
,
totally
to
reject
a
proposition
made
to
him
on
the
Cardinal's
behalf
,
presently
after
the
King's
arrival
at
Tholouze
.
He
had
caus'd
the
Duke
to
be
treated
withal
to
quit
the
Government
of
Metz
in
his
favour
;
offering
him
in
exchange
the
survivancy
of
that
of
Guienne
,
for
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
his
Son
,
who
was
already
seiz'd
of
that
of
Metz
in
reverson
.
Bullion
,
newly
created
Sur-Intendant
des
Finances
,
was
chosen
by
the
Cardinal
,
as
a
person
most
acceptable
to
the
Duke
to
make
to
him
this
Overture
:
a
proposition
at
which
the
Duke
,
having
serv'd
the
King
so
well
as
he
had
done
in
the
last
occasion
,
was
not
a
little
surpriz'd
;
and
the
rather
because
his
Services
having
been
of
great
●●portance
to
the
Cardinal's
Fortune
(
which
was
much
more
strook
at
in
the
late
Rebellion
,
than
any
thing
that
concern'd
either
the
King
or
the
Kingdom
)
he
had
reason
,
besides
the
satisfaction
the
King
had
been
pleas'd
to
manifest
of
his
performance
,
to
expect
also
a
very
grateful
return
from
the
Cardinal
himself
.
It
was
the
belief
of
many
at
that
time
,
that
the
Cardinal's
design
was
,
to
accommodate
himself
with
the
Bishoprick
of
Metz
,
together
with
five
or
six
great
Abbeys
in
that
City
of
above
an
hundred
thousand
Livers
a
year
Revenue
,
besides
the
Bishoprick
which
was
worth
twice
as
much
,
and
to
add
thereunto
the
Government
of
the
City
,
and
Countrey
,
with
those
of
the
Cities
and
Cittadels
of
I
houl
and
Verdun
;
Cordinal
Richeli●u's
amoitio●s
de●●gns
.
to
the
end
that
by
providing
for
himself
so
certain
,
and
secure
a
retreat
,
he
might
in
time
be
arm'd
against
all
disgrace
;
to
which
others
have
added
an
opinion
,
that
he
had
a
project
to
reunite
all
the
Provinces
that
had
formerly
been
members
of
the
Kingdom
of
Austratia
in
his
own
person
,
to
hold
them
in
the
quality
of
a
Sovereign
Prince
,
whereof
Lorain
,
and
Alsatia
,
which
were
in
his
Majesties
possession
,
together
with
the
three
forenamed
Bishopricks
of
Metz
,
Toul
,
and
Verdun
,
made
up
the
greatest
part
;
it
had
been
a
matter
of
no
great
difficulty
for
the
Cardinal
to
have
possess'd
himself
of
this
Estate
,
by
any
title
he
would
have
desir'd
of
the
King
:
So
that
,
if
he
ever
had
this
thought
,
it
is
not
to
be
wondred
at
,
if
he
was
sensibly
offended
that
the
Duke
refus'd
to
treat
and
to
comply
with
him
in
a
thing
,
he
had
set
his
heart
upon
for
the
establishment
of
his
Fortune
.
However
it
was
,
it
is
concluded
by
all
,
that
this
Affair
made
the
Cardinal
take
up
a
resolution
absolutely
to
break
with
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
whom
he
saw
to
be
too
stiff
to
stoop
to
his
Authority
,
and
look'd
upon
as
the
only
person
of
the
Kingdom
,
who
had
either
the
power
,
or
the
spirit
to
mate
his
greatness
.
Wherein
nevertheless
though
the
Duke
appear'd
to
be
very
averse
,
yet
did
he
not
absolutely
reject
the
Cardinal's
proposal
;
but
conceiving
he
did
not
offer
enough
,
demanded
moreover
a
Mareschal's
Staff
for
the
Duke
de
Candale
his
eldest
Son
.
This
was
a
Dignity
that
could
not
indeed
be
deny'd
to
his
merit
,
though
it
had
never
been
laid
in
the
balance
against
the
Government
of
Metz
:
but
if
the
Duke
had
a
kindness
for
this
Son
,
the
Cardinal
had
no
less
aversion
,
who
(
it
was
said
)
having
been
wounded
to
the
quick
with
some
smart
touches
of
the
Duke
de
Candale's
Wit
(
as
pleasant
a
one
indeed
as
any
of
his
time
,
but
withal
as
tart
,
as
pleasant
)
he
could
by
no
means
forget
it
,
but
would
rather
choose
to
leave
a
thing
of
so
great
importance
to
the
establishment
of
his
Fortune
imperfect
,
than
to
be
instrumental
to
the
advancement
of
a
person
by
whom
he
conceiv'd
himself
so
highly
offended
.
Having
therefore
broke
off
with
the
Duke
upon
these
terms
,
it
is
to
be
presum'd
,
he
only
for
the
future
waited
an
occasion
,
or
at
least
a
pretense
wherewithal
to
colour
his
revenge
.
Wherein
though
the
Duke's
haughty
humour
was
likely
enough
to
furnish
him
with
as
good
as
he
could
desire
,
it
appear'd
nevertheless
that
fortune
(
who
will
ever
have
a
hand
in
all
humane
Affairs
)
seconding
the
Cardinal's
passion
,
produc'd
him
one
much
sooner
,
than
he
expected
.
It
was
in
truth
,
at
this
time
,
contrary
to
the
Duke's
intention
,
who
,
although
he
would
not
discover
a
weakness
in
condescending
below
his
own
Dignity
,
had
no
desire
notwithstanding
to
provoke
the
Cardinal's
Almighty
power
,
by
insisting
upon
any
thing
he
might
irreproachably
do
.
After
that
,
by
the
death
of
the
Duke
of
Montmorency
,
the
King
thought
he
had
absolutely
appeas'd
the
storm
in
Languedoc
,
his
Majesty
thought
of
nothing
more
,
than
by
the
nearest
way
,
and
with
a
very
slender
train
,
of
returning
back
to
Paris
.
The
Queen
,
who
was
attended
by
the
Council
,
and
all
the
Court
,
two
days
after
the
King's
departure
,
began
her
Journey
towards
Bordeaux
,
at
greater
conveniency
to
send
away
her
equipage
down
the
River
Garonne
,
where
being
arriv'd
,
her
Majesty
was
pleas'd
to
honour
the
Duke
of
Espernon
so
far
,
as
to
cross
the
River
,
to
go
see
him
in
his
House
Cadillac
.
The
Queen
goes
to
Cadill●c
.
The
Vertue
,
Generosity
,
and
other
excellent
qualities
this
Queen
was
Mistriss
of
,
had
acquir'd
the
Duke
absolutely
to
her
Service
;
who
also
in
return
,
receiv'd
infinite
testimonies
of
her
love
and
esteem
;
so
that
it
is
not
to
be
doubted
,
but
he
was
overjoy'd
to
have
so
favourable
an
Opportunity
,
wherein
to
manifest
,
in
some
measure
,
his
Gratitude
for
her
Grace
,
and
Favour
.
Nothing
therefore
was
spar'd
to
that
end
,
and
the
Duke
,
having
a
few
days
preceded
her
Majesties
coming
,
had
made
so
plentiful
provision
of
all
things
,
and
she
was
receiv'd
at
his
House
after
so
splendid
a
manner
,
that
as
on
the
one
side
it
was
impossible
for
him
fully
to
satisfie
his
Duty
,
and
Affection
;
so
could
he
on
the
other
very
hardly
have
done
more
,
than
he
did
,
or
have
added
any
thing
to
the
Splendour
,
and
Magnificence
of
this
Entertainment
.
The
Duke
's
ill
Fortune
would
have
it
that
Cardinal
Richelieu
came
this
Journey
with
the
Queen
;
who
since
he
had
fortified
Broüage
to
such
a
degree
,
that
it
is
at
this
day
reputed
one
of
the
strongest
places
in
France
,
had
never
been
there
,
and
would
now
therefore
for
all
the
money
he
had
laid
out
upon
it
(
which
was
a
vast
Summe
)
give
himself
the
satisfaction
of
taking
a
view
of
his
Work
.
The
Duke
was
not
sorry
for
this
Resolution
;
but
on
the
contrary
,
no
public
unkindness
having
hitherto
hapned
betwixt
them
,
The
Cardinal
comes
to
Cadill●●
,
where
he
takes
new
offense
at
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
he
invited
the
Cardinal
to
his
House
,
hoping
the
good
Entertainment
he
intended
him
there
,
might
thaw
the
former
Coldness
:
but
it
fell
out
quite
otherwise
,
and
two
untoward
Accidents
that
hapned
in
this
Journey
making
the
discontents
,
which
had
so
long
been
hatching
in
the
Cardinal's
Bosom
,
to
disclose
themselves
,
occasion'd
soon
after
the
first
Disorder
the
Duke
had
ever
receiv'd
in
his
Fortune
.
Of
these
Accidents
the
first
was
this
.
The
Queen
being
to
pass
the
River
betwixt
Cadillac
,
and
Bordeaux
,
to
come
to
the
House
,
the
Duke
had
prepar'd
Coaches
ready
to
receive
her
Majesty
,
at
her
landing
;
giving
order
withal
to
some
of
his
Servants
to
reserve
one
for
the
Cardinal
,
that
he
might
have
no
cause
to
complain
of
any
want
of
respect
towards
him
:
an
Order
nevertheless
so
ill
observ'd
,
that
the
Queen
first
landing
,
and
the
Coaches
design'd
for
her
Train
proving
too
few
to
contain
them
all
,
they
also
made
bold
with
that
,
which
was
intended
for
the
Cardinal
.
The
C●rdinal's
first
complaint
.
At
the
Queens
coming
ashore
,
the
Duke
,
having
paid
her
the
respect
that
was
most
justly
due
,
by
attending
her
Majesty
to
her
apartment
,
that
first
duty
perform'd
,
went
back
in
all
haste
to
receive
the
Cardinal
upon
the
River
,
himself
taking
a
Coach
along
with
him
for
that
purpose
;
but
for
all
his
diligence
he
came
too
late
,
meeting
the
Cardinal
already
advanc'd
a
pretty
way
towards
the
House
on
Foot
;
where
,
though
the
Duke
made
him
all
imaginable
Excuses
for
the
fault
had
been
committed
contrary
to
his
Order
;
they
were
not
nevertheless
of
force
to
dispossess
him
of
the
distaste
he
had
taken
,
that
he
had
not
been
so
well
us'd
as
he
ought
to
be
:
so
that
though
he
receiv'd
them
with
some
shew
of
satisfaction
,
his
actions
nevertheless
sufficiently
manifested
his
discontent
,
he
being
not
to
be
perswaded
to
make
use
of
the
Coach
the
Duke
had
brought
him
;
and
although
already
seiz'd
with
the
beginning
of
a
distemper
,
of
which
a
few
days
after
at
Bordeaux
,
he
had
like
to
have
dy'd
,
he
was
nevertheless
obstinate
to
finish
the
remaining
part
of
his
way
on
foot
,
though
with
great
trouble
and
inconvenience
,
till
he
came
to
the
Lodgings
that
were
made
ready
for
him
.
This
was
the
first
cross
accident
the
Duke
met
with
upon
this
occasion
,
and
in
this
every
impartial
Judge
must
of
necessity
acquit
him
.
The
second
hapned
soon
after
at
Bordeaux
,
wherein
,
though
it
be
true
,
that
there
was
something
more
of
the
Duke
's
haughty
humour
,
yet
was
his
intention
nevertheless
infinitely
wide
of
the
sinister
interpretations
were
put
upon
it
.
The
Queen
,
having
staid
two
whole
days
at
Cadillac
,
caus'd
her self
to
be
convey'd
thence
back
to
Bordeaux
,
in
order
to
the
continuation
of
her
Journey
,
where
at
the
same
time
the
Cardinal
also
arriv'd
:
but
his
Disease
was
by
this
time
so
much
increas'd
,
that
finding
himself
then
in
excessive
pain
,
within
a
very
few
days
they
began
to
despair
of
his
life
;
and
in
truth
without
the
assistance
of
a
Chirurgeon
of
Bordeaux
,
he
had
then
infallibly
dy'd
of
a
suppression
of
Vrine
.
The
Cardinal
's
second
complaint
.
Whilst
he
lay
in
this
extremity
,
the
Queen
resolv'd
upon
leaving
Bordeaux
,
to
advance
towards
Paris
,
by
taking
Rochelle
nevertheless
in
her
way
;
a
place
she
would
by
all
means
take
this
opportunity
to
see
,
as
an
eternal
Monument
of
the
Kings
Victory
.
The
Duke
very
well
understanding
what
respect
was
due
to
his
Queen
,
and
Mistriss
,
whilst
her
Majesty
staid
in
the
City
,
had
caus'd
his
Guards
to
lay
aside
their
Liveries
,
and
Muskets
;
divesting
himself
moreover
of
all
other
Marks
,
and
Functions
of
a
Governour
in
her
presence
:
but
so
soon
as
she
was
gone
,
and
that
he
had
had
the
honour
to
attend
her
to
her
Boat
,
he
did
not
conceive
himself
oblig'd
to
retain
the
same
respect
for
the
Cardinal
.
He
therefore
immediately
after
the
Queens
departure
commanded
his
Guards
again
to
put
on
their
Cassocks
,
and
to
take
their
Arms
;
and
very
well
attended
,
presented
himself
at
the
Cardinals
Lodgings
,
who
continued
yet
very
ill
,
though
something
better
than
before
.
Upon
this
occasion
,
that
was
interpreted
for
a
premeditated
Violence
,
which
was
only
intended
for
a
Civility
,
and
Respect
;
and
those
of
the
Cardinals
Servants
,
who
saw
him
come
to
the
House
so
accompanied
,
ran
to
alarm
their
ster
,
by
telling
him
that
the
Duke
of
Espernon
was
coming
to
attempt
something
upon
his
person
.
Whereupon
follow'd
a
Hubub
throughout
the
whole
Family
,
every
one
was
agast
,
and
betook
themselves
confusedly
to
their
Arms.
In
the
mean
time
the
Duke
enters
the
House
,
where
not
knowing
what
to
think
of
the
general
Disorder
,
and
astonishment
he
observ'd
in
every
face
he
met
,
he
went
on
to
the
Cardinal's
Chamber
door
,
follow'd
by
very
few
(
having
forbidden
his
Guards
to
set
so
much
as
one
foot
upon
the
stairs
)
where
after
having
enquir'd
of
the
Cardinals
health
,
and
having
been
answer'd
,
he
was
exceeding
ill
,
and
in
such
a
condition
that
he
intreated
to
be
excus'd
,
he
could
not
see
him
,
he
return'd
back
in
the
same
posture
he
came
,
there
being
neither
more
nor
less
in
this
Affair
.
This
is
indeed
the
naked
truth
of
the
Story
:
but
it
was
not
so
represented
to
the
Cardinal
;
those
who
were
about
him
on
the
contrary
to
insinuate
into
his
Favour
,
and
to
make
him
believe
they
had
done
him
a
notable
piece
of
Service
,
assuring
him
that
without
their
extraordinary
care
,
and
the
good
posture
they
had
put
themselves
into
to
oppose
the
Duke
,
he
had
infallibly
been
lost
.
The
Cardinal's
animosity
against
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
fomented
by
the
Archbishop
of
Bordeaux
.
The
Duke
was
afterwards
inform'd
,
and
had
it
from
very
good
hands
,
that
the
Archbishop
of
Bordeaux
was
one
of
those
who
possess'd
the
Cardinal
with
this
belief
;
so
that
the
Duke
,
and
he
not
having
been
(
as
you
may
have
observ'd
)
very
good
friends
before
,
an
Office
like
this
could
not
but
incense
him
anew
,
and
the
more
justly
,
by
how
much
his
Honour
was
therein
so
highly
concern'd
.
He
was
impatient
to
think
they
should
represent
him
for
a
man
that
would
harbour
violent
Designs
against
the
person
of
a
Cardinal
,
and
a
Priest
;
which
certainly
was
the
thing
that
most
contributed
to
the
great
Disputes
,
that
hapned
betwixt
them
the
ensuing
year
;
of
which
you
will
have
a
suddain
accompt
,
and
such
a
one
as
will
take
up
a
great
part
of
this
last
Volume
.
The
Duke
who
neither
then
,
nor
of
some
time
after
,
knew
any
thing
of
the
ill
impressions
the
Cardinal
had
been
possess'd
withal
,
continued
to
use
him
at
the
same
rate
he
had
begun
;
his
Guards
attended
him
where-ever
he
mov'd
;
he
never
went
abroad
but
extraordinarily
well
accompanied
,
and
many
Gentlemen
of
the
Country
,
who
had
come
in
to
him
upon
the
Queens
arrival
,
still
continuing
about
his
person
:
The
day
that
the
Cardinal
departed
for
Broüage
,
the
Duke
,
thinking
thereby
to
pay
him
a
greater
Civility
,
and
respect
,
follow'd
by
his
Guards
,
and
Friends
,
conducted
him
to
his
Boat
.
By
which
new
Complement
he
so
reviv'd
his
former
Apprehension
,
that
some
have
since
said
,
the
Cardinal
had
a
mind
to
make
the
world
believe
,
he
had
avoided
a
very
eminent
danger
,
by
escaping
out
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
hands
.
The
Duke
could
never
perswade
himself
that
the
Cardinal
could
have
any
such
apprehension
,
he
being
a
man
of
too
great
judgment
not
to
see
,
that
had
he
had
any
design
upon
his
person
,
nothing
could
have
hindred
him
from
the
execution
of
that
design
.
He
had
been
,
without
dispute
,
the
strongest
in
the
Cardinal's
Lodgings
,
when
he
took
the
first
alarm
,
and
during
the
whole
time
of
his
stay
at
Bordeaux
,
the
favour
of
the
people
being
nothing
inclin'd
to
him
,
his
Domesticks
alone
had
not
been
able
to
have
made
any
resistance
against
those
of
the
Duke
,
especially
fortified
,
as
he
was
,
by
such
a
number
of
his
Friends
of
the
Province
.
It
is
therefore
evident
,
that
the
Duke
never
had
any
intention
to
hurt
him
,
forasmuch
as
he
did
not
do
it
:
but
he
had
nevertheless
an
opinion
,
(
and
that
opinion
was
grounded
upon
great
probabilities
)
that
the
Cardina'ls
ambitious
spirit
was
offended
to
the
last
degree
,
that
he
had
not
paid
the
same
respect
to
his
Person
,
he
had
done
to
that
of
the
Queen
;
and
that
,
being
he
could
not
handsomly
publish
the
true
cause
of
his
discontent
,
he
had
palliated
it
with
this
pretense
,
to
have
the
more
plausible
colour
of
revenging
himself
upon
the
Duke
,
as
upon
an
enemy
,
who
had
plotted
against
his
life
.
The
Cardinal
was
no
sooner
got
to
Broüage
,
The
Cardinal
arrives
at
Broüage
.
but
that
(
whether
it
was
the
change
of
Air
,
or
the
joy
to
see
himself
in
a
place
of
safety
that
produc'd
this
good
effect
)
his
health
began
visibly
to
improve
;
when
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
ignorant
as
yet
of
the
ill
impressions
he
had
been
possess'd
withal
,
concerning
his
former
Visits
,
dispatch'd
a
Gentleman
to
him
to
enquire
of
his
amendment
.
It
was
by
the
return
of
this
Envoy
,
that
he
was
acquainted
with
all
the
former
story
,
of
which
the
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
his
Son
,
who
had
never
departed
from
Cardinal
Richelieu
,
during
the
whole
time
of
his
sickness
,
gave
him
a
full
accompt
.
This
suspicion
so
lightly
grounded
,
and
so
much
contrary
to
his
intention
,
did
much
more
offend
,
than
any
way
incline
the
Duke
to
offer
anything
in●his
own
justification
:
And
although
he
very
well
foresaw
that
a
jealousie
of
this
nature
,
whether
feign'd
,
or
true
,
threatned
him
with
some
great
,
and
sudden
mischief
;
it
was
nevertheless
so
far
from
rendring
him
more
flexible
,
or
more
complacent
,
that
he
chose
rather
to
expose
himself
to
the
worst
effects
of
the
Cardinal
's
unresisted
power
,
than
to
recede
in
the
least
from
his
ordinary
way
of
living
.
This
Journey
of
the
Cardinal
's
to
Bordeaux
,
Anno
1633.
and
the
morosity
of
his
distemper
there
,
was
not
fatal
to
the
Duke
alone
;
the
disgrace
of
the
Garde
des
Sceaux
,
de
Chast●au-Neuf
,
The
disgrace
of
Chasteau-Neuf
Garde
des
Sceaux
.
being
(
as
has
been
said
)
resolv'd
upon
at
the
same
time
;
the
reasons
of
which
disgrace
are
to
this
day
a
secret
,
though
the
thing
it self
was
soon
enough
publickly
known
:
for
the
Cardinal
had
no
sooner
seen
the
King
,
but
that
Chasteau-Neuf
had
Orders
sent
him
to
retire
to
Ruffee
in
Angoumois
,
who
being
upon
his
way
in
Obedience
to
that
command
,
a
second
Order
overtook
him
,
by
which
he
was
carried
away
Prisoner
to
the
Castle
of
Angoulesme
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon
,
who
stood
highly
oblig'd
to
this
Gentleman's
friendship
,
for
several
acts
of
Favour
in
his
Affairs
,
and
who
had
moreover
his
Vertue
,
and
Integrity
in
very
great
esteem
,
was
very
much
afflicted
at
his
misfortune
;
yet
did
he
even
from
the
accident
it self
derive
such
a
consolation
,
as
serv'd
very
much
to
sweeten
his
discontent
.
And
that
was
the
choice
the
King
had
made
of
President
Seguier
,
President
Seguier
made
Garde
des
Sceaux
.
on
him
to
confer
the
Seal
;
one
that
was
the
Duke's
intimate
and
very
faithful
Friend
,
and
of
whom
from
his
first
Employments
,
he
had
made
so
advantageous
a
judgment
,
that
he
conceiv'd
there
was
no
advancement
how
high
soever
in
his
Profession
,
to
which
he
might
not
justly
pretend
,
if
his
Vertues
once
came
to
be
sufficiently
known
.
But
if
the
Duke
began
the
year
,
with
so
great
an
occasion
of
joy
,
Fortune
,
who
never
suffers
the
Affairs
of
this
world
to
continue
long
in
the
same
posture
,
did
also
not
long
defer
to
poyson
his
content
,
by
one
of
the
rudest
Assaults
he
had
met
withal
in
the
whole
course
of
his
life
;
and
since
the
Archbishop
of
Bordeaux
was
the
Instrument
by
which
she
wrought
this
disgrace
,
it
will
not
be
impertinent
to
give
a
brief
accompt
of
that
which
kindled
their
first
Divisions
,
and
the
ensuing
causes
,
that
occasion'd
this
last
Disorder
.
This
Prelate
,
Brother
to
the
Cardinal
de
Sourdis
,
had
immediately
upon
the
death
of
his
elder
Brother
succeeded
him
in
the
Archbishoprick
of
Bordeaux
,
but
not
in
the
good
intelligence
had
been
betwixt
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
The
difference
betwixt
the
D●ke
of
Espernon
and
the
Archbishop
of
Bordeaux
.
and
him
;
not
that
the
Duke
had
not
this
mans
merit
,
which
was
very
great
,
in
high
consideration
also
,
he
had
Wit
,
Courage
,
Dexterity
,
and
many
other
good
qualities
,
which
had
formerly
acquir'd
his
esteem
:
but
the
intimacy
he
had
with
Cardinal
Richelieu
,
rendred
his
friendship
so
suspected
to
him
,
that
he
could
not
confide
in
a
person
,
he
saw
engag'd
in
so
strict
a
League
with
another
he
did
not
love
.
As
for
the
Cardinal
de
Sourdis
,
who
had
no
such
connexion
,
the
Duke
had
ever
liv'd
with
him
in
so
perfect
an
Intelligence
,
as
has
rarely
been
observ'd
,
betwixt
two
persons
of
so
eminent
condition
,
to
have
been
maintain'd
so
inviolate
,
and
sincere
:
Yet
was
it
not
without
the
admiration
of
all
that
knew
their
Humours
;
they
were
both
in
the
one
,
and
the
other
haughty
,
and
fierce
,
there
was
much
of
fire
and
ambition
,
in
both
their
natures
;
and
little
would
have
serv'd
to
have
kindled
a
fewd
betwixt
them
:
but
perhaps
knowing
one
another
to
be
so
Subject
to
Heat
,
they
would
not
interfere
,
foreseeing
that
whoever
should
begin
,
would
doubtless
in
his
adversary
meet
with
a
vigorous
Opposition
.
This
Cardinal
had
formerly
had
great
Disputes
both
with
the
Parliament
,
and
the
Governours
of
the
Province
,
which
Disputes
had
begot
him
much
trouble
;
so
that
his
more
mature
,
and
more
temperate
Age
,
having
cool'd
the
violent
Ardours
of
his
more
ungovern'd
,
and
inconsiderate
Youth
,
he
began
to
relish
the
conveniency
of
Peace
,
choosing
rather
to
busie
himself
about
the
well
ordering
of
his
Diocess
(
which
he
did
equally
with
any
Prelate
of
the
Church
,
about
laying
Foundations
of
Monasteries
,
Hospitals
,
and
other
Actions
of
great
Lustre
,
and
Example
,
than
to
spend
his
Spirits
,
and
consume
his
time
in
fruitless
and
unprofitable
Quarrels
.
The
Duke
also
on
the
other
side
,
who
had
his
share
of
Contention
with
the
Parliament
,
found
himself
sufficiently
perplex'd
with
them
,
without
drawing
new
inconveniencies
upon
him
▪
by
forcing
a
man
of
the
Cardinal's
condition
to
his
Adversaries
side
;
so
that
as
to
any
thing
else
,
these
two
Lords
observing
a
great
Correspondency
in
their
Complements
,
Visits
,
and
all
other
Punctilio's
of
mutual
respect
,
this
former
consideration
serv'd
not
a
little
to
the
continuance
of
this
good
Intelligence
betwixt
them
.
In
fine
,
whether
it
were
their
Interests
,
or
the
sole
respect
of
their
common
Vertue
,
that
begot
this
friendship
they
had
for
one
another
,
it
could
hardly
have
been
greater
:
but
after
the
death
of
this
Cardinal
,
his
Brother
having
(
as
has
been
said
)
been
promoted
to
that
See
,
the
Duke
did
not
pay
him
the
same
Honour
,
he
had
done
his
elder
Brother
;
who
on
the
other
side
impatient
of
that
distinction
,
joyn'd
himself
with
the
Parliament
,
at
this
time
high
in
contest
with
the
Duke
,
and
supporting
the
interests
of
that
Assembly
,
with
the
Credit
he
had
with
the
Cardinal
(
which
was
very
great
)
procur'd
some
determinations
in
their
favour
,
concerning
the
things
so
highly
controverted
betwixt
the
Duke
,
and
them
.
In
acknowledgment
of
these
Obligations
,
the
Parliament
augmented
in
his
Person
the
Honours
that
had
usually
been
paid
to
his
Predecessors
,
and
the
Duke
on
the
contrary
cut
off
some
of
those
he
had
formerly
paid
even
to
him
himself
;
an
usage
which
the
Archbishop
publickly
resenting
,
oblig'd
the
Duke
(
who
never
engag'd
in
a
quarrel
,
but
to
push
it
home
)
to
be
more
obstinately
bent
,
not
to
give
him
the
least
satisfaction
in
any
of
his
complaints
:
So
that
he
still
persisted
,
not
only
to
use
him
,
as
he
had
begun
:
but
to
this
abatement
of
Ceremony
,
added
moreover
some
disobliging
effects
.
All
this
had
preceded
the
Accommodation
made
at
Cardinal
Richelieu's
being
at
Montauban
;
but
this
Reconciliation
having
satisfied
neither
the
interested
persons
,
nor
him
who
had
interpos'd
to
reconcile
them
,
they
rather
remain'd
in
a
disposition
to
do
one
another
a
Spight
upon
the
first
occasion
that
should
present
it self
,
than
to
live
in
the
good
Intelligence
could
have
been
wish'd
for
their
common
repose
.
Since
that
time
the
Duke
had
been
advertis'd
,
that
it
was
principally
the
Archbishop
of
Bordeaux
,
who
had
exasperated
the
Cardinal
against
him
,
and
who
had
rendred
his
Visit
at
Bordeaux
(
when
he
went
to
see
him
,
attended
by
his
Guards
)
suspected
to
him
.
A
thing
that
had
offended
him
to
the
last
degree
,
and
he
had
publickly
complain'd
of
that
proceeding
(
for
his
Passions
were
never
conceal'd
)
which
was
also
reported
to
the
Archbishop
who
was
at
this
time
oblig'd
to
come
into
his
Diocess
to
make
some
Residence
there
.
He
departed
therefore
from
Court
,
and
took
the
way
of
Guienne
.
Some
have
believ'd
that
it
was
by
the
express
Order
of
Cardinal
Richelieu
,
that
he
undertook
this
Journey
,
who
having
upon
the
late
distastes
he
had
taken
at
the
Duke
,
summon'd
all
his
old
animosities
to
his
remembrance
,
had
sent
the
Archbishop
of
Bordeaux
,
whom
he
knew
the
Duke
did
not
love
to
brave
him
,
his
spirit
being
the
better
known
to
him
,
as
he
had
made
tryal
of
it
,
upon
other
occasions
,
and
found
it
bold
,
and
capable
of
the
highest
resolutions
.
I
shall
not
however
take
upon
me
here
to
interpose
my
judgment
in
any
of
these
Transactions
;
I
shall
only
report
things
true
,
and
as
they
were
,
without
disguise
,
hatred
,
or
envy
,
any
of
which
it
would
certainly
very
much
mis-become
me
to
retain
after
the
Duke's
death
,
whose
desire
it
was
they
might
be
buried
with
him
,
that
being
one
of
the
most
express
commands
he
gave
his
Family
at
the
last
hour
of
his
Life
.
The
Archbishop
being
upon
his
way
towards
Bordeaux
,
turn'd
a
little
out
of
the
ordinary
Road
to
go
into
a
Territory
belonging
to
his
Bishoprick
,
call'd
Monravel
;
where
being
arriv'd
,
he
was
inform'd
,
that
one
of
the
Duke's
Guards
had
been
assisting
in
the
execution
of
some
Acts
of
Justice
,
wherein
he
was
himself
immediately
conce●n'd
,
and
which
would
otherwise
perhaps
have
met
with
some
opposition
.
He
would
therefore
take
this
occasion
to
send
a
Gentleman
to
the
Duke
,
to
return
his
thanks
for
so
opportune
a
kindness
:
who
having
found
the
Duke
at
Berdeaux
,
The
Archbishop
of
Bordeaux
sends
to
complement
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
told
him
from
the
Archbishop
his
Master
,
That
he
took
the
assistance
one
of
his
Guards
had
given
some
of
his
people
to
the
support
of
his
interests
,
and
in
the
time
of
his
absence
for
a
singular
favour
,
and
obligation
;
and
that
he
had
therefore
commanded
him
to
come
kiss
his
hands
,
and
to
return
him
his
hearty
thanks
.
Some
have
drawn
a
consequence
from
this
way
of
proceeding
,
that
the
Archbishop
did
not
come
with
any
design
to
offend
the
Duke
,
it
being
unlikely
,
that
had
he
had
any
such
intention
,
he
would
have
sent
to
him
to
have
sought
his
friendship
,
by
the
acknowledgment
of
an
obligation
receiv'd
.
others
(
and
perhaps
too
critically
)
have
believ'd
,
that
it
was
only
artifice
to
make
the
Duke
appear
more
in
fault
,
and
that
the
Archbishop
,
knowing
the
Duke's
humour
had
made
no
difficulty
in
making
this
dissembled
Application
,
to
the
end
,
that
it
being
rejected
,
as
he
expected
it
should
be
,
the
Duke
might
be
more
universally
condemn'd
,
even
when
being
provok'd
,
he
should
break
out
into
just
and
necessary
resentments
.
Whatever
the
design
of
this
Complement
might
be
,
it
was
very
ill
receiv'd
,
and
so
ill
,
that
if
the
Archbishop
had
therein
any
clandestine
end
,
to
extract
from
it
some
new
cause
of
offense
,
he
could
hardly
better
have
succeeded
.
The
Duke
made
answer
to
the
Gentleman
who
came
from
the
Archbishop
,
That
thanks
were
neither
necessary
,
nor
due
to
a
person
,
who
had
no
design
to
oblige
:
That
if
any
thing
by
his
orders
had
been
perform'd
to
his
Masters
advantage
,
it
had
been
done
upon
no
other
account
than
the
meer
consideration
of
Justice
,
without
any
respect
to
his
Friendship
:
and
so
dismiss'd
him
.
The
Duke
observing
all
his
people
surpriz'd
at
so
slight
,
and
so
crude
an
answer
,
to
satisfie
them
in
some
measure
,
told
them
,
That
they
ought
not
to
wonder
if
he
had
made
a
rude
return
to
the
Archbishop's
Complement
:
That
it
was
without
doubt
no
other
than
a
feign'd
Civility
in
Monsieur
de
Bordeaux
,
who
he
very
well
knew
did
not
love
him
,
to
seek
an
advantage
against
him
:
That
he
would
be
glad
under
a
colour
of
seeming
Courtesie
,
to
lay
a
weakness
at
his
door
,
and
to
make
the
world
believe
,
that
he
had
first
sought
his
Friendship
:
That
had
the
Bishop
sent
to
him
by
the
way
of
a
simple
How
d'
ee
only
,
he
should
have
receiv'd
his
Visit
with
the
respect
due
to
a
man
of
his
condition
;
but
having
added
terms
of
thanks
,
which
presuppos'd
a
favour
receiv'd
,
he
would
not
the
world
should
believe
,
that
he
had
made
the
first
application
to
a
man
he
did
not
take
to
be
his
Friend
.
The
Archbishop
might
very
well
judge
by
this
first
repulse
,
that
he
should
have
a
very
hard
game
to
play
with
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
which
made
him
hover
very
near
a
month
about
Bordeaux
,
before
he
could
resolve
to
enter
the
City
.
It
is
most
certain
,
that
in
the
mean
time
he
sent
to
Court
to
acquaint
the
Cardinal
with
what
had
pass'd
betwixt
the
Duke
and
him
,
and
to
receive
Instructions
from
him
,
how
he
was
to
behave
himself
,
if
matters
should
grow
to
a
greater
height
betwixt
them
.
To
which
the
Cardinals
answer
was
(
as
it
was
a
few
days
after
Publish'd
)
that
he
assur'd
him
of
a
powerful
Protection
,
and
such
a
one
as
he
had
promis'd
him
before
his
departure
;
whereupon
the
Archbishop
made
no
difficulty
to
engage
in
the
Affair
,
to
such
a
height
,
as
even
to
be
himself
the
Aggressor
,
as
at
the
first
dash
,
by
giving
the
Duke
very
sensible
,
and
very
publick
Affronts
,
he
manifestly
appeared
to
be
.
The
first
was
,
when
upon
his
arrival
at
the
City
,
he
did
not
find
the
Jurats
(
that
is
the
Magistrates
)
upon
the
River
,
ready
to
receive
him
at
his
Landing
;
which
he
pretended
to
be
a
Ceremony
due
to
his
Place
,
and
Dignity
,
as
having
formerly
been
paid
him
:
but
the
Jurats
,
who
declar'd
to
have
sometimes
done
it
only
upon
Courtesie
,
and
without
any
intention
to
draw
it
into
Example
,
would
by
no
means
consent
,
that
what
had
been
perform'd
meerly
in
the
nature
of
a
Civility
,
should
become
a
Right
.
This
therefore
he
would
interpret
for
a
hainous
offense
,
not
only
from
the
Jurats
,
but
also
from
the
Duke
,
who
he
believ'd
(
with
some
reason
)
to
have
been
the
cause
,
that
Honour
had
been
deny'd
him
.
So
that
without
longer
dissembling
his
Discontent
,
the
Jurats
having
deputed
two
of
their
Corporation
to
Harangue
him
so
soon
as
he
should
be
alighted
at
his
own
Palace
,
he
answer'd
them
in
these
very
words
.
Gentlemen
,
I
have
reason
at
my
arrival
to
be
satisfied
with
the
people
of
Bordeaux
,
who
have
behav'd
themselves
civilly
towards
me
;
and
I
look
upon
it
as
a
continuation
of
the
good
affection
,
they
have
formerly
had
for
the
late
Cardinal
de
Sourdis
my
Brother
:
but
I
have
reason
to
be
dissatisfied
with
the
Magistrates
of
your
City
,
and
cannot
but
believe
,
that
if
those
,
who
put
the
words
you
have
deliver'd
me
into
your
mouths
,
had
given
you
leave
to
pay
me
the
respect
you
ought
to
have
done
,
you
would
have
done
it
after
the
accustomed
manner
,
and
in
the
usual
place
:
but
by
having
made
your selves
slaves
to
your
Offices
,
and
by
having
forfeited
your
Liberties
in
so
doing
,
you
have
committed
this
neglect
.
I
must
needs
think
this
proceeding
would
have
been
against
the
sense
of
the
People
,
might
they
have
been
allow'd
the
freedom
of
their
Voices
,
and
consequently
can
take
nothing
ill
from
them
:
and
as
to
your
particular
,
I
shall
also
pardon
you
;
forasmuch
as
I
know
what
you
have
done
,
was
by
the
Instigation
of
others
,
and
not
upon
your
own
account
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon
was
too
evidently
glanc'd
at
in
this
Discourse
,
to
be
insensible
of
the
Injury
was
done
him
,
and
consequently
sought
nothing
more
than
an
occasion
wherein
to
manifest
his
Resentment
.
It
was
nevertheless
contrary
to
the
advice
of
all
the
Friends
and
Servants
he
had
about
him
,
that
he
took
up
that
Resolution
;
there
being
none
of
them
who
did
not
very
well
foresee
,
that
having
to
do
with
a
man
of
the
Archbishops
condition
,
and
upheld
as
he
was
,
by
the
most
powerful
Protection
of
the
Kingdom
,
he
must
of
necessity
put
his
Affairs
into
very
great
disorder
.
I
would
omit
nothing
of
what
pass'd
upon
this
occasion
,
this
being
the
first
occurrence
whereby
the
Duke's
Fortune
was
really
wounded
;
the
others
that
had
pass'd
before
had
only
rippled
up
the
skin
,
and
hitherto
he
had
bravely
overcome
all
the
difficulties
had
been
oppos'd
against
him
.
Since
therefore
the
Scene
is
now
to
be
chang'd
,
and
that
a
new
prospect
of
his
Affairs
will
be
presented
to
your
view
,
it
should
not
methinks
be
impertinent
to
repeat
every
Circumstance
,
that
contributed
to
this
Alteration
:
but
on
the
other
side
I
must
,
in
being
so
particular
,
descend
to
such
little
things
,
as
I
fear
will
importune
my
Reader
.
I
shall
however
do
the
best
I
can
to
avoid
that
inconvenience
,
by
touching
at
every
thing
;
but
with
so
much
brevity
,
as
shall
be
no
durable
penance
,
even
to
those
who
are
least
delighted
with
such
recitals
.
The
Duke
,
nettled
to
the
quick
with
the
Archbishops
Speech
to
the
Jurats
,
began
rather
by
trifling
Peccadillo's
,
than
by
downright
Injury
to
manifest
his
resentment
:
for
it
must
needs
be
confess'd
,
that
never
man
was
more
ingenious
than
he
,
to
offend
such
as
he
did
not
love
;
so
that
he
set
all
Engines
on
work
,
little
Affronts
,
as
well
as
high
Abuses
,
and
spar'd
nothing
that
might
any
way
contribute
to
his
Revenge
.
Having
therefore
found
the
Archbishop
so
sensible
of
this
first
Assault
,
he
persisted
to
wound
him
deeper
by
new
and
more
legible
Offenses
.
He
had
in
propriety
,
as
Lord
of
the
Mannor
of
Puipaulin
,
the
Royalty
of
the
Clie
of
Bordeaux
(
which
is
the
Fish-Market
there
)
so
as
that
he
might
lawfully
forbid
the
entrance
thereinto
to
any
,
he
had
no
mind
to
admit
:
He
therefore
commanded
the
Archbishops
Officers
one
Fish-day
to
be
excluded
,
to
the
end
they
might
be
necessitated
to
take
their
Fish
without
the
Bar
,
with
the
rest
of
the
people
.
These
men
refused
to
receive
it
after
that
manner
,
and
otherwise
they
could
not
have
it
;
neither
was
the
Duke
content
with
doing
this
alone
;
but
,
knowing
it
would
be
brought
in
from
other
places
,
caus'd
his
Guards
moreover
to
watch
all
the
avenues
to
hinder
it
;
by
whom
some
were
turn'd
back
,
who
would
have
done
the
Archbishop
that
Service
,
and
in
the
end
some
of
his
own
Domesticks
very
roughtly
handled
.
Upon
this
occasion
it
was
,
that
the
clandestine
Animosities
,
they
had
hitherto
in
some
measure
smother'd
in
their
Bosoms
,
flam'd
out
to
an
open
Feud
betwixt
them
;
and
from
this
beginning
all
the
Disorders
we
shall
hereafter
see
ensue
,
took
their
rise
and
being
.
The
Archbishop
by
Publick
Declarations
complain'd
of
the
Violence
had
been
offer'd
to
him
by
a
sort
of
men
set
on
purposely
to
do
it
,
describing
them
by
the
name
of
the
Russet
Cassocks
,
which
was
the
Duke's
Livery
;
demanding
of
the
Magistrate
protection
,
and
assistance
to
oppose
them
,
and
protesting
to
Retire
with
his
Clergy
,
if
they
would
not
provide
for
his
Safety
.
Whilst
the
Archbishop
was
thus
busie
to
vindicate
himself
by
Forms
of
Law
,
the
Duke
,
conceiving
it
very
unbecoming
the
Authority
he
had
in
the
Province
,
to
proceed
by
the
same
ways
,
would
try
to
do
his
business
by
other
means
:
He
therefore
commanded
the
Lieutenant
of
his
Guards
,
the
next
day
after
the
Archbishop
had
exhibited
this
injurious
Bill
,
against
his
Guards
,
to
go
with
all
his
Souldiers
to
present
himself
before
him
,
and
to
ask
of
him
,
If
amongst
all
those
he
knew
any
one
man
who
was
likely
to
commit
an
unhandsome
action
?
The
Lieutenant
did
as
he
was
commanded
,
and
waited
near
to
the
Archbishop
Palace
his
return
from
the
City
;
when
seeing
him
come
in
his
Coach
,
he
presented
himself
to
speak
to
him
:
It
was
about
Dinner
time
,
when
the
Archbishop
seeing
so
many
Souldiers
attending
the
Lieutenant
,
and
not
imagining
they
could
come
after
that
manner
for
any
civil
end
,
he
commanded
his
Coach-man
to
drive
on
.
The
Lieutenant
was
still
earnest
with
him
,
and
(
with
his
Hat
nevertheless
in
his
hand
)
beseeches
the
Archbishop
he
would
be
pleas'd
to
hear
him
;
assuring
him
withal
he
had
nothing
to
say
,
that
could
any
way
offend
him
:
but
all
was
in
vain
,
the
Coachman
was
still
call'd
to
to
drive
on
;
when
the
Lieutenant
fearing
to
lose
the
opportunity
of
executing
what
he
had
in
charge
(
and
having
on
the
other
side
not
much
studied
the
[
](A42794-e89870-b)*
*
Siquis
suadente
Diabolo
,
&c.
Canon
,
wherein
so
many
persons
by
this
Contest
have
since
been
made
perfect
)
call'd
in
the
end
to
one
of
his
Companions
to
lay
hold
of
the
Reins
,
and
to
stop
the
Horses
:
which
being
accordingly
done
,
the
Archbishop
came
immediately
out
of
his
Coach
,
crying
out
there
was
violence
offer'd
to
his
person
,
and
so
retir'd
himself
into
his
house
.
The
Duke
,
inform'd
by
the
Lieutenant
of
his
Guards
how
all
things
had
pass'd
,
perceiv'd
by
the
manner
of
it
,
that
the
Archbishop
had
been
put
into
a
terrible
fright
;
which
was
the
only
thing
he
had
intended
,
and
so
turn'd
the
whole
business
into
Mirth
,
and
Laughter
.
But
the
Archbishop
did
not
so
;
but
having
on
the
contrary
the
afternoon
of
that
very
same
day
,
being
the
29
th
.
of
October
,
summon'd
in
all
the
Orders
,
and
Societies
of
Ecclesiasticks
in
the
City
,
he
there
expos'd
before
them
the
open
Violence
he
pretended
had
been
offer'd
to
him
,
rendring
the
action
as
foul
as
he
could
possibly
make
it
,
and
omitting
nothing
he
thought
would
conduce
to
the
interessing
the
whole
Body
of
the
Clergy
in
his
Quarrel
.
Wherein
he
succeeded
so
well
,
that
at
the
very
instant
most
of
the
Assistants
,
fir'd
by
his
Eloquence
,
concluded
upon
an
Excommunication
;
some
notwithstanding
there
were
,
more
moderate
than
the
rest
,
who
a
little
allaying
the
fury
of
this
first
Sentence
,
perswaded
them
in
the
end
to
resolve
upon
a
Deputation
to
the
Duke
,
to
complain
to
him
of
the
ill
usage
their
Prelate
had
receiv'd
since
his
arrival
,
and
therein
chiefly
of
the
in●olence
committed
by
the
Lieutenant
of
his
Guards
,
and
to
demand
his
Justice
.
This
Complaint
was
preferr'd
to
the
Duke
the
30
th
.
of
October
,
at
which
he
was
a
little
surpriz'd
;
and
now
better
considering
what
this
Affair
,
by
the
interest
all
the
Ecclesiasticks
would
take
in
it
,
might
produce
;
would
,
it
was
conceiv'd
,
have
been
glad
that
things
might
have
continued
in
the
same
posture
they
then
were
,
without
running
on
into
greater
extremes
;
neither
would
he
upon
the
suddain
return
any
precise
Ans●er
.
He
therefore
told
the
Canon
,
who
had
been
deputed
to
him
in
the
behalf
of
the
whole
Clergy
:
That
the
Speech
he
had
made
to
him
consisted
of
several
Heads
of
great
importance
:
That
he
was
old
,
and
his
memory
so
ill
,
that
it
would
be
hard
for
him
to
remember
all
he
had
said
:
That
he
therefore
desir'd
he
might
have
it
in
writing
,
and
that
then
he
would
consider
of
it
,
and
return
his
Answer
in
writing
also
.
The
Duke
thought
that
during
this
respit
he
desir'd
,
the
Archbishop
would
suspend
the
Publication
of
his
Censures
,
and
that
in
the
mean
time
,
what
had
pass'd
might
by
the
mediation
of
Friends
,
in
some
amicable
Treaty
be
hush'd
,
and
taken
up
:
but
he
did
not
in
his
Adversary
meet
with
a
spirit
so
flexible
to
an
Accommodation
,
who
on
the
contrary
was
so
obstinately
deaf
to
all
overtures
of
Agreement
,
that
upon
All-Saints
day
he
thundred
out
his
Excommunication
against
the
Lieutenant
of
the
Guards
,
and
all
those
who
accompanied
him
,
at
the
[
](A42794-e89970-b)*
*
The
Prosnes
are
the
Publilications
of
the
Feasts
,
and
Fasts
of
the
Church
,
Banes
of
M●tr●mony
,
Excommunications
,
&c.
Prosnes
of
all
the
Parish
Churches
of
the
City
.
Neither
did
he
therein
spare
the
person
of
the
Duke
himself
,
of
whom
in
his
Act
he
spoke
in
these
terms
:
And
although
the
Authors
of
this
attempt
be
compriz'd
in
the
same
censures
;
nevertheless
,
Th●
Archb●shop
pronounces
a
Sentence
of
Excommun●cation
against
the
Lieuten●nt
of
the
D●ke
of
Espernon's
G●ard
,
and
tac●tly
against
the
D●ke
himself
.
considering
●ow
many
persons
are
oblig'd
to
frequent
them
for
the
Service
of
the
King
,
and
the
good
of
the
Province
,
we
would
not
;
neither
will
we
make
the
same
Declaration
,
and
Denuntiation
against
them
:
but
reposing
our
trust
in
the
mercy
of
Almighty
God
,
who
strikes
the
most
obdurate
hearts
,
and
thence
draws
tears
of
saving
Repentance
,
we
have
appointed
,
and
ordained
,
and
do
hereby
appoint
,
and
ordain
,
Prayers
of
forty
hours
upon
Sunday
the
6
th
.
of
November
in
the
Church
of
St.
Michael
of
this
City
,
to
implore
the
assistance
of
the
Divine
Goodness
for
the
Conversion
of
Sinners
,
&c.
Given
at
Bordeaux
this
Monday
the
last
of
October
1633.
Here
you
have
the
first
Action
that
pass'd
betwixt
these
two
great
persons
,
which
could
not
possibly
have
been
push'd
on
by
either
side
with
greater
heat
,
or
violence
,
there
being
not
a
day
,
nay
hardly
a
minute
lost
betwixt
them
;
but
all
things
hurried
on
with
that
vehemency
,
and
precipitation
,
that
whoever
had
observ'd
the
impetuosity
wherewith
these
two
Enemies
ran
against
one
another
,
might
very
well
have
foreseen
,
that
the
shock
at
their
meeting
,
must
of
necessity
bear
one
of
them
to
the
ground
.
This
business
made
a
mighty
noise
at
Court
,
whither
the
Archbishop
had
writ
in
great
diligence
,
and
where
the
Cardinal
interested
himself
in
his
cause
,
as
it
had
been
his
own
Affair
:
but
,
although
he
was
from
that
time
forward
resolv'd
to
push
things
to
the
last
extreme
,
and
from
this
Quarrel
to
derive
an
occasion
wherein
to
revenge
himself
of
the
Duke
,
for
all
his
former
discontents
;
he
had
nevertheless
the
Duke
,
and
the
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
,
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
Sons
in
so
high
consideration
,
that
he
surrendred
all
his
Animosity
to
the
respect
he
had
to
them
.
He
would
therefore
take
a
moderate
course
to
compose
this
Disorder
by
an
Accommodation
;
Cardinal
Richeli●u
endeavour●
an
Accommod●t
on
betwixt
them
,
the
agitation
whereof
was
committed
to
Villemontée
,
one
of
the
Council
of
State
,
and
Intendant
de
la
Iustice
in
Poictou
,
Xaintonge
,
and
Angoumois
,
a
man
of
great
esteem
with
the
Cardinal
,
and
the
whole
Council
.
This
Gentleman
therefore
departed
with
this
Commission
,
to
transfer
himself
in
all
haste
to
Bordeaux
;
but
notwithstanding
all
the
diligence
he
could
use
,
the
Animo●ity
betwixt
these
two
haughty
Spirits
was
so
great
,
as
had
,
before
he
could
arrive
there
,
B●t
in
vain
.
shuffled
matters
into
so
strange
a
confusion
,
that
it
was
utterly
impossible
to
find
out
any
way
to
compose
them
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon
exasperated
to
the
last
degree
,
that
the
little
respit
he
had
so
modestly
desir'd
,
should
be
denyed
him
,
and
to
find
that
the
Archbishop
would
not
a
little
bend
by
his
example
;
from
that
time
forward
excluded
all
thoughts
of
Reconciliation
,
and
for
the
future
only
meditated
how
no
settle
his
Conscience
in
repose
,
by
paying
the
respect
,
and
submission
that
was
due
to
the
Church
.
To
this
end
therefore
he
call'd
an
Assembly
of
several
Learned
Divines
in
his
own
House
,
to
consult
about
the
Excommunication
had
been
pronounc'd
against
the
Lieutenant
of
his
Guards
,
and
implicitely
against
himself
.
In
this
Debate
there
were
very
few
who
did
not
conclude
it
altogether
groundless
;
of
particular
Opinions
therefore
they
drew
up
a
Publick
Act
,
which
being
subscribed
by
all
the
Doctors
,
to
the
number
of
more
than
thirty
,
was
publish'd
throughout
the
City
,
to
the
end
,
they
said
,
that
all
Scandal
and
Scruple
might
be
taken
away
,
which
the
Archbishops
Excommunication
might
have
rais'd
,
and
begot
in
the
minds
of
the
people
.
But
that
which
was
design'd
for
so
good
an
end
,
produc'd
,
as
we
shall
see
,
a
very
different
effect
.
Amongst
the
Doctors
,
the
Duke
had
Assembled
,
there
were
several
Religious
,
and
other
Ecclesiasticks
,
who
were
under
the
Archbishops
Jurisdiction
;
this
Prelate
therefore
being
strangely
incens'd
,
to
be
abandoned
by
his
own
Party
,
in
a
Cause
wherein
the
Church
was
so
highly
concern'd
,
and
impatient
to
have
the
Lye
given
him
,
by
those
very
men
,
by
whose
advice
(
or
the
greatest
part
of
them
at
least
)
he
had
Publish'd
his
Censures
,
would
once
more
call
them
together
;
his
design
therein
being
either
to
make
them
retract
from
what
they
had
subscribed
to
in
the
Duke's
favour
,
or
to
punish
them
for
having
submitted
themselves
to
a
Secular
Power
.
He
therefore
cited
them
to
appear
before
him
,
by
the
publication
of
an
Ordinance
,
bearing
date
the
10
th
.
day
of
November
1633.
The
Doctors
,
surpriz'd
at
this
citation
,
were
very
much
afraid
of
their
Metropolitan's
Indignation
,
and
some
severe
Chastisement
,
that
would
be
inflicted
on
them
.
This
apprehension
made
them
fly
to
the
Duke's
Protection
,
who
,
to
secure
them
,
the
same
day
issued
out
another
Ordinance
,
wherein
he
prohibited
all
sorts
of
persons
,
of
what
quality
,
condition
,
or
profession
soever
,
to
meet
in
an
extraordinary
Assembly
,
either
in
the
Archbishops
Palace
,
or
elsewhere
,
without
his
especial
Licence
;
excepting
nevertheless
the
Religious
,
and
Ecclesiasticks
immediately
belonging
to
the
Archbishop's
Congregation
,
and
whose
Councils
he
customarily
made
use
of
,
for
the
better
ordering
the
Discipline
of
his
Diocess
.
The
Doctors
,
not
yet
believing
themselves
sufficiently
secur'd
by
this
Edict
,
entreated
the
Duke
that
he
would
moreover
place
the
Archers
of
the
Watch
of
the
City
upon
all
the
Avenues
,
and
Gates
of
the
Archbishops
Palace
,
to
hinder
such
as
would
pretend
to
obey
the
Bishops
Summons
.
A
request
the
Duke
as
readily
granted
,
conceiving
himself
so
far
oblig'd
in
honour
to
protect
them
,
that
whatsoever
could
be
represented
to
him
,
to
hinder
that
determination
,
the
consequences
whereof
,
were
in
all
probability
like
to
be
exceedingly
untoward
,
it
was
notwithstanding
,
impossible
to
divert
him
.
The
Archbishop
had
no
sooner
notice
,
that
the
Captain
of
the
Watch
,
with
his
Archers
,
had
planted
himself
at
his
Gates
;
but
that
immediately
putting
on
his
Pontifical
Robes
,
and
causing
himself
to
be
follow'd
by
some
Ecclesiasticks
,
together
with
what
people
he
had
about
him
,
he
went
on
foot
out
of
the
House
,
crying
out
in
the
Streets
as
he
pass'd
along
,
To
me
my
people
,
there
is
no
more
Liberty
for
the
Church
.
In
this
posture
he
went
to
several
Religious
Houses
of
the
City
,
gathering
after
him
a
great
number
of
people
(
who
ran
from
all
parts
to
the
Novelty
)
as
he
went
along
,
and
in
the
end
return'd
back
towards
his
own
Palace
,
without
effecting
any
thing
more
,
or
being
able
to
raise
any
Commotion
in
the
City
.
Whilst
all
these
things
were
in
doing
,
the
Duke
was
at
the
Capuchins
,
in
one
of
the
remotest
parts
of
the
City
,
where
having
news
brought
him
by
two
Presidents
of
the
Parliament
of
what
had
pass'd
,
and
of
the
danger
there
was
,
lest
the
Archbishop
should
stir
up
any
Mutiny
to
the
prejudice
of
the
common
Safety
;
he
was
at
last
by
them
intreated
to
interpose
his
Authority
,
and
Wisdom
,
for
the
conservation
of
the
Publick
Peace
.
In
the
heat
therefore
this
sudden
intelligence
had
put
him
into
,
the
Duke
speedily
mounted
his
Coach
,
commanding
they
should
drive
that
way
he
heard
the
Archbishop
was
gone
.
He
had
in
company
with
him
the
Count
de
Maillé
,
and
the
Commendator
de
la
Iustice
,
both
of
them
men
of
very
eminent
Vertue
,
and
in
whom
he
had
a
particular
confidence
:
but
in
this
sudden
passion
their
Counsels
could
by
no
means
prevail
.
The
Duke
made
his
Coach-man
still
drive
on
,
and
through
all
,
till
he
came
near
the
Archbishops
Palace
,
whither
he
heard
he
was
upon
his
return
,
and
where
he
overtook
him
.
The
Bishop
thus
overtaken
,
still
continued
on
his
pace
,
when
the
Duke
having
staid
him
by
the
Arm
,
and
demanded
of
him
by
what
Authority
he
stirr'd
up
this
Commotion
in
his
Government
,
he
was
by
the
Archbishop
interrupted
,
who
cry'd
out
aloud
,
Strike
Tyrant
,
thy
blows
will
be
to
me
Flowers
,
and
Roses
,
thou
art
Excommunicated
.
In
the
heat
of
this
bustle
,
the
Duke
catching
him
by
the
hand
,
lifted
it
up
twice
,
or
thrice
,
and
set
it
against
his
Breast
:
but
in
the
end
,
the
Archbishop
still
provoking
him
with
injurious
Language
,
and
with
his
Hat
on
,
the
Duke
with
a
Cane
he
had
in
his
hand
,
touch'd
the
Brim
of
his
Hat
,
and
thrust
it
off
his
head
to
the
ground
,
telling
him
at
the
same
time
,
he
did
not
know
the
respect
he
ought
him
;
but
if
the
Reverence
to
his
Profession
did
not
restrain
him
,
he
would
make
him
know
it
.
Something
worse
might
perhaps
have
pass'd
,
had
not
the
Count
de
Maillé
,
and
the
Commendator
de
la
Iustice
interpos'd
,
who
stepping
in
betwixt
them
,
put
an
end
to
this
untoward
bustle
,
very
much
unbecoming
both
the
one
,
and
the
other
.
After
this
action
had
thus
pass'd
,
the
Duke
return'd
to
his
own
House
,
and
although
he
very
well
knew
no
good
issue
could
attend
it
,
manifested
notwithstanding
no
shew
of
apprehension
,
or
repentance
,
discoursing
of
it
with
his
Friends
(
who
were
more
in
suspense
than
he
himself
appear'd
to
be
,
of
what
would
be
the
event
)
as
of
a
thing
of
an
indifferent
nature
,
and
a
just
resentment
of
an
Affair
wherein
his
Honour
was
concern'd
.
The
Archbishop
was
no
sooner
disingag'd
from
the
Duke
,
but
that
he
fortwith
repair'd
to
his
Church
,
where
he
pronounc'd
his
Sentence
of
Excommunication
,
The
Sentence
of
Excommunication
pronounced
against
the
D●ke
of
Espernon
.
both
against
him
,
and
all
those
who
had
been
in
company
with
him
,
prohibiting
Divine
Service
in
all
the
Churches
of
the
City
,
and
also
in
that
of
Cadillac
,
by
a
publick
Act
,
I
shall
forbear
to
Copy
in
this
place
,
that
I
may
not
importune
my
Reader
.
This
first
Spiritual
Thunder-bolt
having
been
darted
by
the
Archbishop
,
he
had
moreover
recourse
to
the
Temporal
Authority
,
very
well
foreseeing
,
that
if
that
did
not
justifie
the
Blow
he
had
already
levell'd
at
the
Duke
,
it
would
be
no
very
hard
matter
for
him
to
evade
it
,
and
to
frustrate
any
mortal
effect
by
very
pertinent
,
and
powerful
Reasons
.
He
sent
away
a
dispatch
therefore
to
Court
,
wherein
he
gave
Cardinal
Richelieu
an
account
of
the
Violence
had
been
offer'd
to
him
;
at
which
the
Cardinal
was
so
highly
incens'd
that
nothing
now
had
power
to
appease
him
.
He
therefore
talk'd
no
more
of
attempting
an
Accommodation
,
Villemontée's
Commission
(
who
had
been
sent
away
upon
their
first
difference
to
that
purpose
)
was
at
an
end
,
even
before
he
could
arrive
at
the
place
;
so
that
nothing
now
was
thought
of
,
save
how
by
the
Kings
Authority
to
enquire
into
the
Riots
contain'd
in
the
Archbishops
Complaint
:
and
his
Majesty
as
Protector
,
and
eldest
Son
of
the
Church
,
was
counsell'd
by
the
Cardinal
(
particularly
concern'd
in
the
Affair
,
by
the
interest
of
his
profession
,
which
he
would
render
inviolable
)
to
make
a
signal
example
of
his
Piety
and
Justice
,
in
the
Person
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
It
is
believ'd
,
that
if
the
Duke
had
taken
the
same
course
,
the
Archbishop
did
,
and
had
sent
to
Court
in
time
to
give
his
Reasons
for
what
he
had
done
,
he
had
infinitely
discredited
his
Adversaries
Cause
;
but
it
was
for
some
days
impossible
to
prevail
with
him
to
do
it
.
He
still
carried
on
the
business
with
the
same
indifferency
,
saying
to
such
as
urg'd
him
to
that
course
(
with
a
generosity
something
out
of
season
at
this
time
)
That
he
was
not
to
give
an
account
of
his
Actions
to
any
,
but
the
King
himself
,
which
he
was
ready
to
do
when-ever
his
Majesty
should
please
to
call
him
to
it
:
That
he
very
willingly
gave
the
start
to
such
,
as
were
diffident
either
of
themselves
,
or
their
Cause
;
and
that
he
had
done
nothing
,
but
what
he
ought
to
do
,
for
the
maintenance
of
the
King's
Authority
entrusted
with
him
.
So
that
carrying
himself
at
the
same
careless
rate
,
it
is
not
to
be
imagined
how
much
he
fortified
his
Enemies
side
by
his
own
negligence
,
nor
how
many
advantages
he
gave
him
,
which
he
would
otherwise
perhaps
never
have
obtain'd
,
had
not
he
himself
contributed
to
them
.
In
the
end
notwithstanding
for
fashions
sake
,
he
dispatch'd
away
one
of
the
Souldiers
of
his
Guards
to
Court
,
but
it
was
not
of
four
days
after
the
bustle
;
and
then
he
did
it
after
such
a
manner
,
as
made
it
appear
it
was
rather
out
of
complacency
to
his
Friends
,
who
were
importunate
with
him
to
that
effect
,
than
out
of
any
respect
to
his
own
Interests
.
His
Sons
,
who
before
this
Courriers
arrival
knew
not
what
to
oppose
to
the
Archbishops
Complaints
,
The
Court
〈◊〉
with
the
Archbishop
.
had
now
something
to
say
in
their
Fathers
behalf
:
but
it
was
impossible
for
them
to
alter
the
Resolutions
already
taken
,
or
to
suspend
the
blow
the
King
(
who
had
his
hand
already
up
)
was
ready
to
discharge
upon
him
.
Whilst
Affairs
were
debated
with
this
heat
at
Court
,
they
were
carried
on
with
no
less
violence
at
Bordeaux
.
And
the
Parl●ament
o●
Bordeaux
also
,
who
draw
〈◊〉
In●orma●●●n
against
him
▪
The
Parliament
there
had
taken
cognizance
of
the
Quarrel
,
and
though
the
Duke
had
several
very
good
Friends
in
that
Assembly
,
yet
the
number
of
those
who
were
not
so
prevailing
,
and
the
news
that
came
every
day
from
Court
,
to
the
Duke's
disadvantage
,
having
given
mens
minds
very
ill
impressions
of
the
success
of
his
Affairs
;
the
Company
could
not
be
disswaded
from
sending
a
Deputation
to
the
Archbishop
,
to
let
him
know
how
highly
they
interested
themselves
in
his
Offense
,
and
to
make
him
a
tender
of
all
the
good
Offices
,
they
were
capable
to
do
him
upon
this
occasion
.
After
which
,
from
Offers
,
going
on
to
Effects
,
they
began
to
fall
to
fall
to
work
,
about
drawing
up
an
Information
against
the
Duke
,
and
notwithstanding
he
made
several
Protestations
to
appeal
from
the
Parliament
,
as
a
Court
prohibited
in
all
his
Causes
,
nothing
could
stop
the
Torrent
of
their
proceeding
;
but
they
would
perfect
what
they
had
begun
,
as
they
did
,
and
so
exactly
for
the
Court
Palat
,
that
they
would
hear
talk
of
no
other
Information
.
Villemontée
,
who
had
heard
nothing
before
his
departure
of
this
last
business
,
was
gone
,
according
to
his
Orders
to
Accommodate
the
first
,
and
was
by
this
time
arriv'd
at
Bordeaux
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon
knew
him
not
,
on
the
contrary
he
had
been
rendred
suspected
to
him
,
by
having
been
represented
for
a
great
Creature
of
the
Cardinals
,
and
that
was
consequently
like
to
be
very
partial
to
the
Archbishops
side
;
but
the
Duke
,
having
at
their
first
Conference
,
found
him
much
more
sway'd
by
his
Duty
,
than
all
other
Respects
,
he
made
no
difficulty
to
repose
his
entire
Confidence
in
this
man's
Vertue
,
and
to
give
him
a
full
account
of
the
whole
action
,
to
the
end
that
he
might
draw
up
his
answer
in
due
Form
of
Law
,
The
Duke
Signs
his
Answer
,
wherein
he
gives
a
true
Relation
of
●he
whole
business
.
The
Duke
was
so
generous
,
as
herein
to
cause
every
thing
that
had
pass'd
to
be
laid
open
at
length
,
and
without
disguise
;
to
which
he
would
moreover
add
his
Seal
to
confirm
it
;
and
although
it
was
often
represented
to
him
,
by
very
unde●standing
men
,
that
so
ingenious
a
Confession
was
not
necessary
,
in
an
occasion
wherein
he
saw
his
Adversaries
prosecute
with
so
much
heat
,
and
that
in
this
case
,
his
single
Confession
would
more
prejudice
his
Cause
,
than
the
Depositions
of
all
the
Witnesses
could
be
produc'd
against
him
;
yet
those
Remonstrances
were
not
of
force
to
disswade
him
,
he
sma●tly
replying
:
That
he
had
not
done
an
action
to
disavow
it
,
and
that
whatever
the
issue
might
be
,
it
would
be
much
more
supportable
to
him
,
than
the
shame
of
being
reduc'd
to
the
necessity
of
disowning
any
Act
of
his
life
.
It
was
in
truth
upon
this
single
confession
of
the
Duke's
,
after
the
Parliaments
Information
had
been
sufficiently
canvas'd
,
that
the
Cardinal
pronounc'd
the
Excommunication
to
be
valid
,
and
right
;
and
that
the
King
was
oblig'd
both
in
Equity
,
and
Honour
,
to
repair
the
Injury
committed
by
one
of
his
Officers
of
that
condition
,
against
the
Person
,
and
Dignity
of
a
Prelate
,
and
the
whole
Church
.
The
first
reparation
was
a
command
the
Duke
received
in
a
Dispatch
from
the
King
,
to
depart
out
of
his
Government
,
and
to
retire
to
his
House
of
Plassac
,
which
was
in
these
words
.
Cousin
,
Having
seen
a
Declaration
of
several
Riots
,
whereof
the
Archbishop
,
and
the
Clergy
of
Bordeaux
highly
complain
to
Us
;
We
have
thereupon
thought
fit
to
send
you
this
Letter
,
The
D●ke
receives
a
Command
from
the
King
to
depart
out
of
his
Government
.
which
will
be
delivered
you
by
the
Sieur
de
Varennes
,
one
of
our
Gentlemen
in
ordinary
,
to
tell
you
,
We
desire
that
immediately
upon
sight
hereof
you
retire
to
your
House
of
Plassac
,
and
there
remain
till
our
further
Pleasure
.
We
do
also
send
to
the
Archbishop
,
to
signifie
to
him
,
that
it
is
our
desire
he
come
to
us
,
to
the
end
we
may
be
fully
inform'd
of
the
truth
of
what
has
pass'd
;
purposing
in
the
mean
time
to
send
one
of
our
Council
,
to
our
said
City
of
Bordeaux
,
to
enquire
into
,
and
to
bring
Us
thence
a
perfect
Accompt
of
the
business
.
The
rest
we
refer
to
the
said
Sieur
de
Varennes
to
communicate
to
you
,
whom
you
are
in
all
things
to
believe
;
praying
God
Cousin
,
&c.
At
St.
Germain
en
Laye
this
18
th
.
of
November
1633.
Sign'd
Lovis
,
And
below
Philipeaux
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon's
Friends
at
Court
,
being
inform'd
of
the
severe
contents
of
this
Dispatch
,
were
not
a
little
in
doubt
after
what
manner
he
would
receive
it
.
They
fear'd
his
great
Spirit
,
full
of
those
generous
Maxims
,
which
had
for
so
many
years
,
and
in
so
many
froward
occurrences
supported
his
Reputation
,
and
Fortune
,
would
with
great
difficulty
submit
to
Laws
,
so
different
from
what
they
had
been
in
former
times
.
Amongst
these
the
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
(
a
man
as
well
read
in
the
Court
,
as
any
whatever
of
his
time
)
upon
this
occasion
laid
aside
the
complacency
of
a
Son
,
to
assume
the
austerity
of
a
faithful
Adviser
,
and
writ
to
him
to
this
effect
,
That
he
did
beseech
him
to
look
upon
this
Affair
,
as
one
of
the
greatest
Difficulty
and
Importance
he
had
met
withal
in
the
whole
course
of
his
life
:
That
to
avoid
any
inconveniences
might
befal
him
,
he
must
immediately
submit
to
the
King's
Pleasure
,
and
Command
,
and
refer
the
business
wholly
,
and
without
reservation
to
the
Cardinal
,
which
was
the
only
way
to
put
a
good
end
to
this
Dispute
.
Monsieur
de
Seguier
Garde
des
Sceaux
,
the
Duke
's
intimate
friend
,
and
a
man
that
appeared
more
for
his
Interest
,
than
the
condition
of
the
time
seem'd
conveniently
to
permit
,
did
the
same
,
writing
him
word
,
That
a
prompt
and
absolute
Obedience
was
the
only
way
whereby
a
cause
,
his
Enemies
Favour
rendred
generally
disapprov'd
,
might
be
brought
to
a
successful
issue
;
but
that
without
that
,
it
was
utterly
impossible
for
his
Friends
,
and
Servants
,
to
do
him
those
Offices
were
necessary
for
the
bringing
of
matters
to
any
tolerable
conclusion
.
All
the
Duke
's
other
Friends
having
confirm'd
the
same
thing
,
he
evidently
saw
,
that
he
must
of
necessity
obey
;
yet
was
it
not
withour
an
incredible
violence
upon
his
own
Humour
,
and
great
Spirit
.
He
had
at
other
times
resisted
the
greatest
powers
of
the
State
,
when
arm'd
against
him
with
the
King's
Authority
,
and
Forces
,
whereas
now
he
saw
himself
reduc'd
to
submit
to
four
lines
of
Paper
;
they
made
him
indeed
to
depart
out
of
his
Government
:
And
though
it
be
true
,
that
in
these
latter
Times
,
the
Royal
Authority
was
rais'd
to
a
more
illustrious
height
,
than
formerly
it
had
ever
been
;
yet
I
do
not
know
that
any
one
has
observ'd
a
greater
example
of
his
Power
,
than
upon
this
occasion
.
All
France
acknowledg'd
the
Duke
,
for
the
eminent
qualities
he
was
master
of
,
to
be
a
man
of
the
greatest
Reputation
of
his
Age
;
he
was
possess'd
of
the
greatest
,
and
most
important
Governments
of
the
Kingdom
,
powerful
in
Riches
,
Commands
,
Places
,
Servants
,
and
much
more
in
his
Children
.
His
three
Sons
had
all
of
them
great
Offices
,
and
great
Employments
,
and
yet
with
all
these
advantages
he
was
not
able
to
resist
four
words
;
and
then
it
was
,
that
he
plainly
saw
a
Subject
had
no
way
to
support
himself
in
his
Fortune
,
and
Reputation
,
but
by
Obedience
;
and
that
the
Power
of
a
King
,
manag'd
as
it
ought
to
be
,
can
meet
no
difficulties
,
nor
impediments
,
it
cannot
easily
master
,
and
overcome
.
He
had
seen
a
time
,
when
by
making
a
shew
of
Resolution
,
or
Discontent
,
men
had
sometimes
obtain'd
part
of
what
they
desir'd
,
or
at
least
defended
themselves
from
what
they
had
not
a
mind
to
do
.
Under
the
Reign
of
Henry
the
III
,
the
diversity
of
Factions
,
which
then
divided
the
State
,
had
so
weakened
the
Authority
of
the
Sovereign
,
that
he
durst
scarce
pretend
to
more
than
a
voluntary
Submission
from
his
People
:
And
Henry
the
Great
his
Successor
,
by
an
excess
of
Bounty
and
good
Nature
,
had
continued
to
do
,
what
the
other
had
been
constrain'd
to
by
inevitable
Necessity
.
This
Mighty
Prince
was
of
so
noble
a
Disposition
,
that
he
would
destroy
none
;
so
that
,
excepting
the
Mareschal
de
Biron
,
who
would
have
no
compassion
of
himself
,
almost
all
the
great
men
of
the
Kingdom
,
were
either
actually
Rebels
,
or
highly
Disobedient
,
without
ever
feeling
either
the
Sword
,
or
so
much
as
the
Hand
of
Justice
.
The
Regency
of
Queen
Mary
de
Medici
,
was
equally
moderate
,
and
gentle
,
and
the
Tempests
that
arose
in
her
time
,
being
appeas'd
with
money
,
men
did
not
only
offend
securely
,
but
made
moreover
a
profit
of
their
Crimes
.
The
Mareschald'
Encre
try'd
to
change
those
milder
into
rougher
Maxims
;
but
he
lost
himself
in
the
practice
of
this
premature
severity
.
In
the
Ministry
of
the
Duke
de
Luines
,
there
was
no
more
of
violence
,
than
in
the
preceding
Reigns
:
the
good
success
notwithstanding
the
Royal
Arms
,
always
had
in
all
Enterprizes
,
during
the
time
of
his
favour
,
made
it
plain
,
that
there
was
nothing
his
Majesty
could
not
with
great
facility
effect
in
his
own
Kingdom
.
He
had
with
great
ease
supprest
the
Queen
Mothers
Insurrection
;
he
had
invaded
the
Party
of
the
Religion
with
very
great
success
,
wherein
having
found
their
weakness
by
their
disunion
amongst
themselves
,
he
was
by
that
discovery
encourag'd
to
undertake
their
total
ruine
;
and
the
Cardinal
entring
into
the
Ministry
in
so
favourable
a
juncture
of
Affairs
,
press'd
the
declining
Faction
so
home
,
that
in
a
very
short
time
he
remov'd
all
Obstacles
,
which
could
any
ways
oppose
the
Royal
Authority
,
or
impede
the
establishment
of
his
own
.
The
Party
of
the
Religion
was
totally
suppress'd
,
the
House
of
Austria
infinitely
weakened
;
all
the
other
Princes
who
were
ill
affected
to
the
Crown
,
reduc'd
to
a
necessity
of
complying
with
whatsoever
was
impos'd
upon
them
;
and
those
of
the
Nobility
who
were
so
bold
,
as
to
oppose
the
King's
will
,
had
been
so
roughly
handled
,
that
not
a
man
durst
any
more
expose
himself
to
the
punishment
they
all
knew
would
inevitably
follow
the
least
forfeiture
of
their
Duty
.
It
had
been
but
of
very
late
years
,
that
this
new
form
of
Government
had
been
introduc'd
into
the
Kingdom
,
and
the
Duke
was
grown
old
in
the
practice
of
other
Maxims
:
It
is
not
then
to
be
doubted
,
but
that
it
must
needs
be
with
great
repugnancy
,
and
unwillingness
,
that
he
could
Accommodate
himself
to
a
thing
so
unusual
and
severe
;
he
did
notwithstanding
do
it
,
and
without
delaying
time
,
or
spending
any
more
than
was
requisite
for
the
making
of
some
few
Visits
,
and
taking
leave
of
his
Friends
,
he
departed
out
of
his
Government
,
suspended
from
his
Functions
,
Excommunicated
from
the
Church
,
and
reduc'd
to
the
conversation
of
his
own
Domesticks
only
.
Though
in
a
condition
so
different
from
what
it
had
formerly
been
,
and
so
contrary
to
his
ordinary
way
of
living
,
he
could
not
but
be
very
much
afflicted
,
he
nevertheless
so
well
conceal'd
his
grief
,
that
he
was
not
observ'd
to
be
either
more
melancholy
,
or
dejected
,
than
at
other
times
;
and
he
had
so
great
a
command
over
his
own
passions
,
as
not
to
utter
so
much
as
one
word
unbecoming
either
his
courage
,
or
his
piety
,
ever
retaining
in
all
things
the
devout
Reverence
due
to
the
Holy
Church
.
So
oft
as
any
one
writ
him
word
from
Paris
,
that
his
Friends
could
have
wish'd
he
had
retain'd
a
greater
moderation
,
and
respect
towards
the
person
of
a
Prelate
,
he
would
still
maintain
,
That
in
repelling
an
injury
done
to
the
Royal
Power
,
he
had
done
no
more
than
it
was
his
Duty
to
do
:
That
the
King
himself
might
prostitute
his
Authority
as
he
pleased
;
but
that
as
for
him
who
was
oblig'd
in
his
Majesties
Right
to
maintain
all
the
Priviledges
of
his
Command
;
he
neither
could
,
nor
ought
to
have
done
otherwise
,
than
he
did
,
and
that
he
would
ever
do
it
,
though
he
was
thereby
certain
to
forfeit
,
not
only
his
Offices
,
and
his
Estate
,
but
also
his
Life
.
So
soon
as
the
Duke
was
arriv'●
at
Plassac
,
,
The
Du●e
comes
to
Plassac
,
where
he
observes
his
Excommunication
.
he
began
to
observe
his
Excommunication
,
though
he
wanted
not
the
advice
of
several
very
Learned
Divines
,
who
maintain'd
it
to
be
invalid
,
and
unjust
;
wherein
his
submission
appear'd
to
all
so
much
the
more
to
be
commended
,
in
that
he
was
willing
to
undergo
the
punishment
of
an
Offense
,
he
was
not
convinc'd
he
had
committed
.
Thus
banish'd
to
a
Countrey
House
,
where
his
only
consolation
should
have
been
to
have
convers'd
with
his
God
,
even
there
also
the
doors
of
his
Church
were
bolted
against
him
;
so
that
he
assisted
no
more
at
Masses
as
he
had
formerly
ever
done
;
And
submits
to
the
Church
.
he
moreover
deprived
himself
of
the
participation
of
all
the
Sacraments
:
but
he
omitted
nothing
withal
that
might
any
ways
serve
to
manifest
his
respect
to
the
Holy
Church
,
and
her
Ministers
.
He
made
all
the
Protestations
that
could
be
prevailing
to
the
vindication
of
the
integrity
of
his
Obedience
,
and
to
that
purpose
sent
away
an
express
dispatch
to
Cardinal
Bichi
,
the
Pope's
Nuntio
in
France
;
he
sent
also
to
Poictiers
,
where
he
knew
the
Archbishop
of
Bordeaux
had
call'd
together
an
Assembly
of
Prelates
,
to
make
the
same
Declarations
;
but
it
was
all
in
vain
:
and
it
was
decreed
he
should
undergo
all
,
and
all
the
severest
Forms
of
Penance
,
before
he
should
receive
his
Absolution
.
But
as
the
Spiritual
Authority
was
not
arm'd
against
him
alone
,
and
that
it
was
not
that
(
though
he
had
it
in
the
highest
reverence
)
he
had
the
greatest
reason
to
apprehend
;
it
was
also
necessary
for
him
to
employ
his
principal
care
,
and
endeavour
,
to
divert
the
Fury
of
the
Royal
Power
,
which
was
already
display'd
against
him
.
The
D●ke
sends
a
D●spatch
to
the
King
.
To
that
effect
therefore
he
dispatch'd
away
the
Count
de
Maillé
to
the
King
,
with
instructions
especially
to
solicite
,
that
the
Commissioners
his
Majesty
had
made
him
hope
for
in
his
Dispatch
,
might
be
sent
away
,
that
by
the
return
of
their
Report
,
his
Majesty
might
be
fully
inform'd
of
the
truth
of
his
Actions
:
but
after
the
Information
of
the
Parliament
of
Bordeaux
,
which
was
altogether
favourable
to
the
Archbishop
,
the
Court
had
no
ear
left
open
,
either
to
his
Prayers
,
or
Complaints
;
and
the
Cardinal
having
solemnly
espous'd
the
Quarrel
,
and
made
it
his
own
,
was
so
far
from
permitting
the
Duke's
Friends
to
dispute
his
Will
with
their
best
Arguments
,
and
Reasons
,
that
he
would
not
so
much
as
endure
any
one
should
dare
to
propose
them
.
How
great
soever
the
Cardinal's
passion
was
herein
,
or
how
great
soever
his
Credit
with
the
King
,
they
were
not
however
such
as
could
hinder
the
Duke
,
and
the
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
from
paying
(
with
equal
Generosity
,
and
good
Nature
)
the
respect
which
by
all
sorts
of
Obligation
,
they
so
justly
ow'd
to
the
Duke
their
Father
.
The
first
of
which
had
no
sooner
notice
of
the
Dispute
his
Father
had
with
the
Archbishop
,
but
that
he
departed
from
Metz
,
to
come
first
to
Court
,
there
to
observe
the
disposition
of
things
,
and
from
thence
to
go
to
Plassac
,
either
to
comfort
the
Duke
his
Father
in
his
Affliction
;
or
to
give
him
his
best
advice
in
his
Affairs
.
As
for
the
Cardinal
his
Brother
,
what
dependence
soever
he
had
at
Court
,
he
very
often
expos'd
all
that
Interest
,
to
perform
his
Duty
,
and
so
far
as
to
engage
sometimes
in
so
hot
Disputes
with
the
Cardinal
Richelieu
,
that
it
was
often
believ'd
,
they
would
never
again
be
so
fully
reconcil'd
,
that
there
would
not
still
remain
a
Core
in
the
bosom
of
the
one
or
the
other
.
So
soon
as
the
Archbishop
had
got
his
Information
perfected
,
The
Archbishop
of
Bordeaux
goes
to
Paris
.
and
so
well
to
his
liking
,
that
he
conceiv'd
his
proofs
could
admit
of
no
Dispute
,
he
departed
from
Bordeaux
to
go
to
Paris
.
Plassac
the
place
to
which
the
Duke
was
retir'd
,
was
in
truth
in
his
way
,
but
not
so
,
that
he
might
not
without
any
inconvenience
have
balk'd
it
;
and
all
the
world
believ'd
he
would
have
been
so
civil
to
the
Dukes
Disgrace
as
to
have
done
it
:
he
did
not
nevertheless
,
but
on
the
contrary
,
pass'd
along
by
the
Park
Wall
after
so
braving
a
manner
,
that
he
made
the
noise
of
his
Equipage
rattle
against
the
very
Walls
of
the
Duke's
House
.
And
then
indeed
it
was
,
that
the
Duke
felt
himself
most
sensibly
wounded
,
and
that
this
Bravado
had
like
to
have
transported
him
to
something
that
might
have
made
the
Archbishop's
Cause
better
than
it
was
,
by
offering
to
him
some
signal
Violence
.
I
was
my self
a
witness
how
much
ado
he
had
to
forbear
;
but
his
Friends
and
Servants
representing
to
him
the
importance
of
the
Action
he
was
about
,
he
in
the
end
gave
way
to
their
Reason
,
though
I
do
believe
with
the
greatest
violence
he
committed
upon
himself
,
and
his
great
Spirit
,
throughout
the
whole
progress
of
this
troublesome
Affair
.
The
Archbishop
was
no
sooner
arriv'd
at
Court
,
Anno
1634.
but
that
all
the
Prelates
,
who
were
then
in
Paris
,
assembled
after
an
unusual
manner
,
to
deliberate
amongst
themselves
what
was
best
to
be
done
in
the
bebalf
of
their
Brother
;
which
Convocation
the
Duke
of
Espernon
had
no
sooner
notice
of
;
but
continuing
to
do
,
as
he
had
formerly
done
,
he
sent
to
them
his
Protestations
of
an
absolute
submission
to
the
Holy
Church
.
The
Duke
de
la
Valette
therefore
,
who
was
return'd
back
to
Court
,
demanded
Audience
in
the
Assembly
,
in
the
name
of
the
Duke
his
Father
;
which
being
granted
,
he
there
laid
down
his
Reasons
before
them
,
with
so
much
efficacy
,
and
elocution
,
that
of
five
and
twenty
Prelates
who
were
there
present
,
thirteen
were
of
opinion
to
take
upon
them
the
quality
of
Judges
,
under
the
good
pleasure
of
the
Pope
,
and
the
King
,
the
Duke
having
absolutely
submitted
himself
to
their
Determination
:
but
this
resolution
was
not
for
the
gust
of
the
Court
;
by
this
way
the
business
would
have
been
too
soon
decided
,
and
it
was
resolv'd
the
Duke
should
pay
much
dearer
for
his
re-establishment
in
his
Offices
and
Commands
.
The
next
day
therefore
what
had
been
agreed
upon
the
day
before
,
was
totally
overthrown
,
and
Messieurs
the
Prelates
would
by
no
means
accept
the
high
degree
of
Judges
,
the
Duke
had
so
submissively
offer'd
,
but
would
humble
themselves
to
the
qualities
of
simple
Parties
only
.
They
assembled
then
again
at
the
Archbishop
of
Bordeaux
his
Palace
,
and
from
thence
sent
a
Deputation
to
the
King
,
wherein
the
Archbishop
of
Arles
was
to
speak
for
the
rest
.
All
that
(
they
say
)
was
observable
in
the
Bishop's
Oration
,
was
only
an
excessive
vehemency
;
in
the
heat
whereof
he
made
use
of
all
the
odious
terms
he
could
invent
,
to
allure
his
Majesties
Indignation
,
and
to
possess
him
with
the
highest
sense
of
the
Duke's
Misdemeanour
.
Upon
which
occasion
it
was
that
Caspian
Bishop
of
Nantes
,
one
of
the
greatest
,
and
most
vertuous
Prelates
of
his
time
,
cry'd
out
,
That
if
it
were
possible
for
the
Devil
to
submit
himself
to
God
Almighty
,
to
such
a
degree
as
the
Duke
did
,
he
would
infallibly
obtain
pardon
for
all
his
Offenses
;
and
that
notwithstanding
the
Church
deny'd
this
Pardon
to
a
Christian
,
who
had
ever
serv'd
God
and
his
Church
.
But
neither
this
true
Remonstrance
,
nor
any
other
whatsoever
that
could
be
offer'd
in
the
Duke's
behalf
,
could
produce
any
good
effect
to
the
composing
of
this
Affair
.
He
had
very
good
intelligence
of
all
the
Severity
was
practis'd
to
his
prejudice
;
for
although
the
greatest
Powers
were
declar'd
against
him
,
he
had
notwithstanding
friends
in
the
Assembly
,
that
were
sway'd
by
no
other
consideration
,
save
only
the
pure
interest
of
Piety
and
Justice
.
Of
this
number
were
the
Archbishops
of
Sens
,
and
of
Tholouze
,
the
Bishop
of
Nantes
;
before
mention'd
,
that
of
Mans
,
of
Beauvais
,
and
some
others
.
These
Prelates
acknowledg'd
by
the
whole
Kingdom
for
men
of
great
Merit
,
and
Example
,
no
sooner
had
intelligence
of
what
the
rest
of
their
Order
were
contriving
against
the
Duke
,
but
that
they
came
in
all
haste
to
Paris
,
to
do
him
all
the
good
Offices
,
the
condition
of
the
time
would
permit
:
but
there
was
an
over
ruling
power
,
that
rendred
all
their
endeavours
fruitless
;
so
that
after
having
long
sustain'd
the
Torrent
of
Authority
,
that
opposed
their
Reason
,
they
were
constrain'd
at
last
to
give
way
to
force
,
that
ever
gives
the
Law
to
the
best
Arguments
.
Upon
the
Complaints
of
the
Clergy
preferr'd
to
the
King
,
by
the
mouth
of
the
Archbishop
of
Arles
,
his
Majesty
commanded
that
the
Informations
of
the
Parliament
of
Bordeaux
should
be
put
into
the
hands
of
Lauzon
,
Master
of
Requests
,
to
make
his
Report
.
Villemontée
,
who
was
also
at
the
same
time
at
Court
,
was
likewise
order'd
to
give
in
his
Answer
;
after
which
,
and
that
the
Depositions
of
the
Witnesses
,
had
been
sufficiently
canvas'd
,
the
Cardinal
,
who
was
present
at
the
Council
,
was
of
opinion
,
That
upon
the
Duke
's
single
Confession
contain'd
in
his
Answer
,
A
Sentence
against
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
he
ought
to
be
reputed
Excommunicate
,
and
as
so
,
that
the
King
ought
to
declare
him
laps'd
from
all
his
Offices
,
and
Dignities
,
till
by
vertue
of
his
Absolution
he
should
be
re-united
to
the
Church
.
Though
the
King's
Sentences
were
by
the
Duke
himself
obey'd
with
all
manner
of
submission
;
his
Friends
,
and
Servants
nevertheless
did
not
forbear
,
even
in
the
face
of
the
Court
,
with
many
powerful
Arguments
to
move
for
his
Quietus
est
;
of
which
Arguments
there
were
enow
of
themselves
,
to
make
an
entire
Volumn
:
but
I
have
nothing
to
do
to
transcribe
them
here
,
both
in
regard
they
were
of
no
advantage
to
the
Duke
at
that
time
,
and
that
his
intention
remains
sufficiently
justified
,
by
his
Respect
,
and
Submissions
to
the
Church
.
The
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
fail'd
not
however
to
urge
,
and
dispute
those
Reasons
,
as
he
had
ever
done
;
but
not
having
been
able
to
prevail
,
that
the
Clergy
might
themselves
be
Judges
of
his
Father's
Cause
;
nor
that
the
King
would
please
to
take
off
the
punishment
he
had
impos'd
upon
him
,
till
after
he
should
be
absolv'd
;
The
Duke
was
constrain'd
to
apply
himself
to
the
Court
of
Rome
,
first
to
obtain
the
repose
of
his
Conscience
,
and
after
his
Restauration
to
his
Offices
,
and
Commands
.
His
Secretary
was
therefore
dismiss'd
from
Plassac
to
go
to
Rome
,
The
Duke
sends
a
Dispatch
to
Rome
to
procure
his
Absolution
.
furnish'd
with
several
Dispatches
directed
to
several
of
the
principal
persons
of
that
Court
.
The
Duke's
name
,
famous
in
all
parts
of
Europe
,
was
with
his
Holiness
in
very
great
esteem
;
he
had
had
the
honour
to
be
acquainted
with
him
in
the
time
of
his
Nuntiature
in
France
,
and
he
was
then
reputed
no
ill
Catholick
.
His
Holiness
therefore
very
graciously
receiv'd
his
Submissions
,
and
,
contrary
to
the
c●stom
of
that
Court
,
where
delays
are
very
usual
(
chiefly
when
the
Authority
of
the
Apostolick
See
in
any
Debate
of
Consequence
,
is
concern'd
)
cutting
off
a
great
many
of
the
tedious
Forms
,
caus'd
the
Expeditions
necessary
for
the
Duke's
satisfaction
to
be
dispatch'd
,
and
sent
them
away
to
Cardinal
Bichi
,
his
Nuntio
in
France
.
So
that
,
had
the
Resolutions
of
the
Court
of
Rome
at
that
time
had
less
dependence
upon
those
of
France
,
the
Duke
had
from
thence
obtain'd
a
speedy
,
and
full
satisfaction
.
But
so
many
rubs
were
on
this
side
the
Alpes
laid
in
the
way
,
that
four
whole
months
were
laps'd
,
before
the
Duke
could
receive
his
Absolution
,
which
when
it
came
,
was
no
other
neither
than
,
Ad
Reincidentiam
,
a
term
us'd
by
those
who
treat
of
such
matters
,
when
it
is
not
a
plenary
Absolution
.
Who
is
it
that
,
reading
the
progress
of
this
Dispute
,
but
must
admire
that
a
little
Complement
ill
receiv'd
,
and
a
few
words
ill
interpreted
,
should
grow
to
be
one
of
the
most
important
Affairs
of
two
of
the
greatest
Courts
of
Europe
?
I
was
very
unwilling
to
have
been
so
tedious
in
being
so
particular
:
but
others
having
related
it
so
as
they
knew
would
please
the
Great
Ones
of
that
time
,
who
were
no
Friends
to
the
Duke
,
I
thought
my self
oblig'd
to
render
here
an
account
of
things
as
they
truly
pass'd
:
which
if
it
will
not
here
absolutely
excuse
the
Duke
for
being
in
his
sudden
passion
too
violently
transported
against
an
Ecclesiastical
Person
,
it
will
at
least
serve
to
manifest
the
respect
he
bore
to
the
Church
,
and
to
a
Dignity
he
ever
had
in
the
highest
Reverence
,
and
Esteem
.
From
this
time
forward
the
Duke's
Affairs
began
to
appear
with
a
much
better
face
at
Court
,
The
Duke's
Affairs
begin
to
discover
a
better
face
.
his
Sons
having
by
their
diligence
,
and
discretion
so
moderated
Cardinal
Richelieu's
heat
,
that
nothing
remain'd
to
do
,
save
only
how
to
contrive
a
durable
Reconciliation
,
and
from
this
breach
(
as
it
often
falls
out
)
to
derive
an
occasion
of
inseparably
uniting
their
two
Families
The
Cardinal
notwithstanding
would
first
have
his
Will
:
he
had
(
as
has
been
said
)
in
the
Year
1632.
desir'd
that
the
Duke
would
demise
his
Government
of
Metz
in
his
favour
;
wherein
,
having
not
met
with
that
complacency
he
expected
,
he
must
now
be
satisfied
.
Neither
would
promises
serve
the
turn
,
the
laying
down
the
Government
of
this
place
must
also
precede
the
Absolution
,
the
Cardinal
being
by
no
means
to
be
perswaded
to
consent
,
that
the
Duke
should
be
allow'd
to
be
a
Christian
to
God
,
and
his
Church
,
whilst
he
continued
a
Rebel
to
him
.
Yet
was
it
not
nevertheless
at
this
time
to
make
any
private
advantage
of
this
Demission
,
he
had
alter'd
that
design
;
and
the
possession
of
Metz
seeming
to
be
superfluous
,
in
the
assurance
he
had
of
the
King's
Favour
,
which
he
thought
he
had
absolutely
acquir'd
by
the
necessity
of
his
Service
,
the
sole
end
,
he
could
in
all
apparence
propose
to
himself
herein
,
was
,
to
let
the
world
see
,
that
no
one
was
thenceforward
to
contend
with
him
,
and
by
an
example
of
this
nature
to
establish
his
Authority
over
all
the
other
great
men
of
the
Kingdom
.
The
place
however
only
chang'd
the
hand
without
going
out
of
the
Family
,
it
being
transferr'd
to
the
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
;
An
Alliance
with
the
〈…〉
.
as
the
Duke
his
Brother
was
made
choice
of
by
a
Marriage
wholly
to
piece
up
,
what
the
late
Disorders
had
disunited
.
And
then
it
was
that
they
began
in
good
earnest
to
treat
about
a
plenary
Absolution
,
of
the
satisfactions
were
to
be
made
to
the
Church
,
and
other
things
that
were
of
course
to
precede
the
Duke's
Restauration
to
his
Offices
,
and
Commands
.
But
before
I
proceed
to
the
conclusion
of
this
Affair
,
it
will
not
I
conceive
be
impertinent
,
to
give
an
account
of
two
passages
,
which
will
render
the
Duke's
constancy
,
and
generosity
highly
considerable
,
even
in
the
greatest
cloud
of
his
Disgrace
;
the
first
whereof
was
this
.
In
the
time
that
the
Court
Persecutions
were
most
violent
against
the
Duke
,
many
of
his
Enemies
,
both
of
the
Parliament
of
Bordeaux
,
and
other
parts
of
the
Province
,
out
of
a
vanity
of
Generosity
,
would
needs
offer
themselves
to
be
reconcil'd
to
him
,
believing
that
in
such
a
time
of
affliction
he
would
be
more
flexible
to
an
Accommodation
,
and
that
seeing
how
many
Enemies
he
had
to
deal
withal
,
he
would
be
glad
to
leslen
their
number
;
at
least
they
doubted
not
but
he
would
receive
into
his
Favour
,
and
good
Opinion
,
those
who
in
so
malignant
a
Juncture
should
,
out
of
the
sole
respect
to
his
Person
,
and
Vertue
,
offer
their
Service
to
him
:
but
he
on
the
contrary
apprehending
,
that
to
appear
facile
to
Reconciliations
in
a
time
of
disgrace
,
would
be
interpreted
weakness
,
and
want
of
Spirit
,
sent
them
word
,
That
he
could
not
deny
his
Friendship
to
such
as
should
desire
it
of
him
,
in
a
time
when
he
should
be
in
a
capacity
to
oblige
them
;
but
that
he
would
never
reconcile
himself
to
receive
any
good
Offices
from
any
,
who
had
not
been
his
Friends
.
And
he
remain'd
so
constant
to
this
resolution
,
that
he
was
never
to
be
perswaded
to
alter
it
,
what
prudent
considerations
soever
could
be
laid
before
him
to
that
effect
.
The
other
thing
was
a
Proposition
made
to
him
by
a
Letter
from
Paris
,
writ
by
an
unknown
hand
,
Seal'd
with
an
unknown
Seal
,
and
without
Superscription
.
In
this
Letter
there
was
propounded
to
him
an
infallible
way
to
cut
off
Cardinal
Richelieu
,
his
worst
,
and
implacable
Enemy
,
and
bent
to
his
ruine
(
which
were
the
express
terms
of
the
Letter
.
)
He
who
was
the
Author
of
this
design
deliver'd
himself
to
be
a
Gentleman
of
Lorain
,
and
an
Engineer
;
who
for
this
piece
of
Service
would
demand
no
more
,
but
six
hundred
Pistols
only
,
three
hundred
in
hand
,
and
the
rest
when
he
had
done
his
business
.
The
Duke
had
the
very
thought
of
so
great
a
wickedness
in
the
greatest
horror
,
and
detestation
;
and
what
cause
soever
of
unkindness
,
or
offense
he
might
have
against
the
Cardinal
,
he
had
his
person
notwithstanding
in
very
great
esteem
;
which
had
it
been
less
,
or
that
his
Animosity
had
been
greater
,
it
is
most
certain
,
that
he
would
never
have
chosen
so
base
a
way
to
his
Revenge
.
He
therefore
burnt
the
Letter
without
speaking
a
word
of
it
to
any
,
save
one
of
his
Domesticks
only
,
though
the
Proposition
was
thrice
repeated
.
The
Servant
the
Duke
was
pleas'd
to
entrust
with
this
secret
,
observing
with
what
obstinacy
the
Villain
persever'd
in
his
damnable
resolution
,
did
very
rightly
judg
,
that
it
was
not
to
the
Duke
alone
he
would
discover
his
treacherous
intent
,
well
foreseeing
he
would
say
as
much
to
all
the
great
men
of
the
Kingdom
,
that
he
thought
to
be
discontented
,
and
that
in
the
end
he
would
be
trap'd
,
as
it
fell
out
.
That
if
then
he
should
accuse
the
Duke
to
have
hearkened
three
times
to
his
Proposition
,
without
making
any
discovery
of
it
,
his
silence
in
such
a
case
might
pass
,
in
the
Cardinal's
Opinion
,
for
a
tacit
consent
.
He
was
therefore
of
advice
that
the
Duke
should
acquaint
the
Cardinal
with
it
;
but
it
was
impossible
to
perswade
him
to
that
resolution
,
whilst
he
was
in
disgrace
.
He
always
profess'd
that
he
would
never
consent
to
the
death
of
an
Enemy
by
so
infamous
a
way
:
but
that
withal
he
would
not
give
him
that
advantage
,
to
perswade
himself
that
he
had
invented
this
Artifice
(
he
not
being
able
to
produce
the
Author
)
by
that
pittiful
way
to
seek
his
Favour
.
The
business
then
rested
in
this
posture
,
till
after
the
Duke's
return
to
Bordeaux
,
that
he
was
restor'd
to
his
Government
;
when
the
same
person
,
persisting
in
the
same
wicked
design
,
and
importuning
the
Duke
to
accept
his
offer
,
without
securely
sleeping
(
which
were
his
own
words
)
under
the
dissembled
shew
of
a
counterfeit
Reconciliation
,
he
then
yielded
to
the
advice
of
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
his
Son
,
who
was
now
with
him
,
and
at
his
perswasion
resolv'd
in
the
end
to
send
his
Letters
to
the
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
,
to
communicate
them
to
Cardinal
Richelieu
.
And
they
could
not
have
been
sent
in
a
better
time
,
for
the
same
proposals
that
had
been
made
to
the
Duke
,
having
also
been
tendred
to
the
Dutchess
of
Lorain
,
she
had
discover'd
them
to
the
Cardinal
,
who
,
being
alarm'd
with
the
conformity
of
these
Intelligences
,
set
spies
upon
the
actious
of
him
that
propos'd
them
.
He
was
therefore
Arrested
upon
the
marks
he
had
given
of
himself
in
his
Letters
;
neither
was
there
any
thing
,
how
daring
soever
,
that
might
not
be
expected
from
the
temerity
of
this
man
.
He
was
known
to
have
been
formerly
a
Servant
to
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
,
and
for
one
of
the
most
resolute
fellows
of
his
time
;
of
which
at
his
being
taken
he
gave
notable
proof
,
having
kill'd
two
men
of
seven
that
came
to
apprehend
him
,
and
dangerously
wounded
two
more
;
but
in
the
end
,
gor'd
with
Wounds
,
he
was
taken
,
and
had
life
enough
left
to
end
his
days
upon
a
Gibbet
.
Some
of
these
things
having
hapned
before
the
overtures
of
Agreement
,
we
are
now
to
continue
the
thred
of
our
Discourse
,
where
it
was
broke
off
before
.
The
Alliance
concluded
with
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
.
The
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
therefore
pursu'd
the
conclusion
of
this
Treaty
with
great
vigour
,
and
so
as
that
he
had
concluded
the
Marriage
of
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
his
Brother
,
with
the
eldest
Daughter
of
the
Marquis
de
Pont-Chasteau
,
a
match
that
was
to
be
the
main
tye
of
this
Accommodation
.
This
Lady
,
who
was
Neece
to
the
Cardinal
,
and
one
of
the
best
Families
in
Britany
,
equally
considerable
,
both
for
the
rare
Endowments
of
her
Person
,
and
the
advantages
of
her
Condition
,
was
sought
after
by
all
the
great
men
of
the
Court
;
but
the
Cardinal
her
Uncle
,
having
long
had
a
design
to
engage
the
Duke
,
and
his
,
in
the
Interests
of
his
own
Fortune
,
and
Greatness
,
preferr'd
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
above
all
other
persons
that
pretended
to
her
.
So
soon
as
this
Affair
,
which
put
an
end
to
all
the
rest
with
Honour
,
and
cut
off
all
difficulties
whatever
,
was
agreed
upon
,
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
,
who
had
been
sent
for
to
Court
to
conclude
it
,
return'd
back
again
to
the
Duke
his
Father
,
to
ask
his
consent
.
The
Duke
gave
it
him
't
is
true
,
but
that
also
was
all
:
and
although
this
Match
had
been
made
for
no
other
end
,
than
meerly
to
disingage
him
from
those
troubles
wherewith
he
was
involv'd
,
he
would
notwithstanding
grant
no
more
,
than
his
complacency
only
,
nothing
more
being
to
be
obtain'd
of
his
severe
,
and
untractable
humour
,
but
a
generous
denial
.
He
said
,
That
he
had
esteem
enough
for
the
person
,
who
was
to
enter
into
his
Alliance
,
to
gratifie
her
with
a
good
share
of
his
Estate
,
which
in
due
time
he
would
also
do
;
but
that
he
had
much
rather
continue
in
the
posture
he
then
was
all
the
days
of
his
life
,
than
that
it
should
be
said
he
had
redeem'd
himself
by
his
money
,
or
by
Bribes
been
restored
to
his
Command
.
What
offense
soever
the
Cardinal
took
at
this
disobliging
carriage
of
the
Duke
,
he
proceeded
notwithstanding
to
the
accomplishment
of
the
intended
Match
;
which
being
done
,
he
dispatch'd
away
the
Abbot
de
Coursan
,
one
of
the
Ecclesiasticks
in
his
dependence
,
with
Orders
from
the
King
to
end
all
Differences
.
Wherein
the
Archbishop
had
order
to
give
the
Duke
his
Absolution
,
as
the
Duke
also
had
his
,
about
what
he
was
to
observe
in
the
receiving
of
it
.
The
Duke's
Absol●tion
res●lved
upon
.
The
Cardinal
had
a
desire
that
the
Ceremony
might
have
been
perform'd
in
the
Chappel
of
his
Castle
of
Coutras
,
that
his
House
might
have
been
rendred
famous
by
so
memorable
an
action
:
but
the
Archbishop
would
never
consent
to
have
it
done
there
;
on
the
contrary
obstinately
insisting
,
that
he
would
have
it
at
the
Gates
of
the
Parish
Church
of
that
place
,
and
in
the
face
of
all
the
people
;
wherein
although
Caspian
at
that
time
Bishop
of
Nantes
,
and
de
Esprüet
▪
now
Bishop
of
Saint
Papoul
,
who
were
the
Mediators
of
the
Duke's
Interests
with
the
Archbishop
,
endeavour'd
all
they
could
to
conquer
this
resolution
,
it
was
all
in
vain
.
The
Duke
,
who
,
for
a
nicity
like
that
,
would
not
defer
the
accomplishment
of
an
Affair
,
which
through
so
many
difficulties
had
been
brought
on
to
the
pass
it
then
was
,
conquering
his
own
humour
,
submitted
in
the
end
to
all
the
Archbishop
could
desire
.
But
it
was
withal
an
odd
beginning
of
a
Reconciliation
,
the
two
Parties
before
they
parted
from
the
place
,
being
perhaps
more
dissatisfied
with
one
another
,
than
they
had
been
before
.
The
day
for
the
Absolution
being
appointed
,
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
attended
by
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
,
and
several
persons
of
quality
,
went
to
Coutras
;
where
being
come
,
the
Archbishop
,
who
was
already
there
,
accompained
with
his
Ecclesiasticks
,
went
first
to
the
Church
,
where
the
Duke
following
after
,
and
presenting
himself
before
him
,
kneel'd
down
upon
a
Velvet
Cushion
,
laid
ready
for
that
purpose
.
In
this
posture
,
and
in
the
presence
of
five
Councellors
of
the
Parliament
of
Bordeaux
,
who
were
,
by
the
King's
Order
to
be
assisting
at
this
Ceremony
,
the
Archbishop
pronounc'd
his
Absolution
in
these
words
.
Et
Ego
Autboritate
Ecclesiae
,
The
Absolution
.
&
●â
quâ
fungor
,
absolvo
te
vinculo
Excommunicationis
,
quam
incurristi
;
quia
immunitatem
Ecclefiae
meae
Metropolitanae
perfregisti
;
manum
armatam
militum
,
ut
me
currumque
meum
in
via
sisterent
,
misisti
;
Statione
dispositâ
Palatium
nostrum
vallasti
;
Iurisdictionem
Ecclesiasticam
violasti
,
eámque
tibi
arrogasti
;
Nos
,
Clerumque
nostrum
insignibus
,
&
indignis
contumeliis
affecisti
:
In
nomine
Patris
,
&
Filij
,
&c.
Though
the
Duke
was
no
great
Latinist
,
he
had
nevertheless
so
much
,
as
to
understand
many
words
of
this
Absolution
,
by
which
he
observ'd
,
they
were
not
according
to
the
ordinary
style
of
the
Church
;
so
that
(
as
he
afterwards
said
)
he
was
once
going
to
interrupt
the
Archbishop
,
as
he
was
speaking
:
but
being
unwilling
to
do
any
thing
that
might
either
look
like
an
Irreverence
to
the
Church
,
or
retard
the
satisfaction
he
hop'd
for
,
both
as
to
his
Conscience
and
Affairs
after
the
business
was
done
,
he
permitted
him
to
proceed
,
choosing
rather
to
pass
for
an
indifferent
Clerk
,
than
to
play
the
Doctor
out
of
time
,
and
to
his
own
prejudice
The
Absolution
being
pass'd
,
there
were
mutual
Visits
to
be
paid
,
wherein
the
Duke
in
Obedience
to
the
King's
Order
,
began
first
,
and
went
to
give
the
Archbishop
thanks
for
his
Absolution
;
a
civility
that
was
soon
return'd
by
the
Archbishop
:
but
with
so
much
coldness
on
both
sides
,
that
it
was
easie
to
judg
this
Reconciliation
was
likely
to
beget
no
very
good
intelligence
betwixt
them
.
In
plain
truth
the
Duke
could
not
digest
the
Severities
the
Archbishop
had
made
him
undergo
,
which
he
interpreting
to
be
done
out
of
a
premeditared
design
to
provoke
him
to
something
that
might
either
hinder
,
or
de●er
his
Absolution
,
he
was
much
more
sensible
of
those
publick
Manifestations
of
his
ill
will
,
than
of
any
obligation
for
the
invol●ntary
Grace
he
had
imparted
to
him
.
There
ensu'd
therefore
,
and
that
immediately
upon
the
Absolution
,
high
complaints
on
both
sides
;
of
which
upon
the
instant
great
Relations
were
made
,
and
whereof
those
of
the
Duke
were
justified
by
the
testimony
of
the
Abbot
de
Coursan
,
who
,
by
seeing
how
hardly
he
had
been
dealt
withal
,
was
become
altogether
of
his
Party
:
But
whilst
these
Remonstrances
were
upon
their
way
to
Court
,
the
Duke
,
to
divert
himself
,
took
a
turn
into
his
Territories
of
Angoumois
,
beginning
now
to
make
use
of
that
liberty
,
which
,
by
his
Reconciliation
to
the
Church
,
was
once
more
his
own
.
At
his
return
from
this
little
Journey
,
by
an
express
Courrier
from
Court
,
he
receiv'd
his
Majesties
Orders
to
return
into
Guienne
:
neither
could
they
have
been
couch'd
in
more
obliging
terms
,
there
being
therein
not
one
syllable
of
any
thing
that
had
pass'd
;
and
the
King's
Letter
,
without
speaking
of
any
re-establishment
,
which
would
have
presuppos'd
a
former
Suspension
,
containing
only
these
words
.
Cousin
,
Having
consider'd
how
much
your
presence
may
be
necessary
in
my
Province
of
Guienne
▪
that
you
may
have
an
eye
to
such
Occurrences
as
may
happen
there
,
I
have
thought
fit
to
write
you
this
Letter
,
to
let
you
know
,
that
I
desire
,
and
shall
be
well
pleas'd
that
you
go
thi●her
,
to
the
end
you
may
there
continue
the
Functions
that
belong
to
the
Authority
of
your
Command
,
as
you
have
formerly
done
;
and
to
take
care
that
all
things
be
continued
in
the
good
condition
they
ought
to
be
▪
for
the
safety
,
and
conservation
of
the
said
Province
in
my
Obedience
.
Wherein
being
assur'd
you
will
acquit
your self
,
with
your
accustomed
vigilancy
,
and
care
,
and
resting
secure
in
the
absolute
confidence
,
I
have
ever
repos'd
in
your
Fidelity
,
and
good
Affection
,
I
shall
say
no
more
,
but
only
assure
you
of
my
Affection
.
Praying
God
,
&c.
From
Saint
Germain
en
Laye
this
first
of
October
,
1634.
With
this
there
were
other
Dispatches
sent
,
directed
,
both
to
the
first
President
d'
Agnesseau
,
that
he
might
acquaint
the
Assembly
with
his
Majesties
intention
,
and
also
to
the
Jurats
of
the
City
;
which
the
Duke
having
sent
away
some
days
before
his
departure
from
Plassac
,
The
Duke
of
Espern●●
returns
into
Guienne
.
he
himself
followed
soon
after
,
and
return'd
into
his
Government
,
more
honour'd
,
and
esteem'd
,
for
having
so
handsomely
disingag'd
himself
from
this
troublesome
Affair
,
than
if
it
had
never
been
.
Men
(
as
it
usually
happens
)
soon
forgot
all
the
Disgraces
he
had
undergone
,
to
consider
how
great
his
Credit
must
necessarily
be
;
who
of
all
the
Great
Persons
of
the
Kingdom
,
whose
Fortunes
had
been
so
rudely
assaulted
,
alone
kept
himself
upright
,
and
entire
,
in
spight
of
all
his
Enemies
,
or
all
they
could
contrive
against
him
.
All
those
,
who
had
been
unkind
to
him
,
sued
to
be
reconcil'd
to
his
Favour
;
and
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
,
who
would
by
no
means
leave
him
,
till
all
things
were
absolutely
settled
to
his
own
desire
,
became
their
Mediator
;
by
that
means
re-establishing
matters
in
so
good
a
posture
,
that
for
the
future
there
was
more
repose
to
be
expected
for
the
Duke
his
Father
,
than
he
had
ever
yet
enjoy'd
,
since
he
had
first
taken
possession
of
the
Government
of
Guienne
.
The
End
of
the
Tenth
Book
.
THE
HISTORY
Of
the
LIFE
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
The
Eleventh
Book
.
IT
was
not
fortunate
to
the
Duke
alone
,
Anno
1635.
but
as
much
at
least
to
the
Province
,
and
the
whole
Kingdom
,
that
he
was
at
this
time
restor'd
to
his
Command
;
the
first
whereof
,
without
his
Valour
,
and
Wisdom
,
had
been
in
manifest
danger
,
and
the
other
embroyl'd
in
no
contemptible
disorders
:
but
by
his
Prudence
and
generous
Conduct
,
he
brought
them
both
so
brave
,
and
so
reasonable
a
relief
,
that
what
we
are
now
about
to
deliver
,
makes
up
no
small
part
of
the
principal
Actions
of
his
Life
.
He
was
no
sooner
arriv'd
in
Guienne
,
The
Seditions
of
Guienne
,
their
birth
and
progres●●
but
that
several
Complaints
were
presented
to
him
,
of
the
Insolence
some
Officers
who
Farm'd
the
Crown
Revenues
of
that
Province
exercis'd
over
the
King's
Subjects
.
The
people
were
no
longer
able
to
support
their
Exactions
,
and
their
Poverty
,
which
is
ordinarily
accompanied
with
despair
,
had
so
stirr'd
them
up
,
that
they
were
ready
to
rush
into
Arms
▪
and
to
shuffle
all
things
into
confusion
.
The
Duke
could
have
been
glad
,
the
Court
would
have
order'd
some
moderation
in
these
Impositions
to
have
prevented
those
mischiefs
,
which
are
usually
the
issue
of
general
Discontent
,
and
the
certain
effects
of
popular
fury
;
and
to
that
end
had
made
so
many
several
Remonstrances
to
the
Council
,
and
urg'd
them
so
home
,
that
what
he
did
for
a
good
,
that
as
much
respected
the
King's
Service
,
as
the
Publick
Interest
,
was
in
the
end
so
misinterpreted
,
as
to
turn
to
his
own
disgrace
:
Seeing
therefore
he
could
by
his
Prayers
,
and
Importunities
,
prevail
nothing
with
the
Court
,
he
was
necessitated
to
make
use
of
the
Authority
he
had
in
the
Province
,
to
prevent
a
total
Revolt
,
to
which
the
generality
of
men
were
too
visibly
inclin'd
.
Wherein
his
conduct
was
guided
by
so
admirable
discretion
,
that
what
by
convincing
such
by
Reason
,
as
were
capable
of
it
,
by
feeding
such
by
Hopes
,
as
would
be
satisfied
with
them
,
and
threatning
Punishment
to
those
,
who
would
be
satisfied
with
neither
,
he
for
a
long
time
continued
all
things
in
a
pretty
quiet
condition
.
He
practis'd
these
gentle
and
easie
Remedies
,
during
the
course
of
a
very
troublesome
Disease
he
had
fall'n
into
presently
after
his
return
from
Plassac
.
His
abode
,
and
solitude
in
his
House
,
together
with
the
hard
measure
he
had
receiv'd
,
had
not
lighted
upon
a
heart
insensible
of
wrong
;
nor
had
committed
no
ordinary
violence
upon
his
generous
spirit
:
and
although
,
by
a
wonderful
Victory
over
his
own
Passions
,
he
had
suppress'd
his
discontent
from
breaking
out
to
the
discovery
of
those
about
him
;
it
is
notwithstanding
to
be
believ'd
,
that
the
more
he
smothered
his
fire
,
the
more
it
must
of
necessity
burn
him
within
,
and
discompose
his
natural
Constitution
.
The
D●ke
of
〈◊〉
falls
〈◊〉
.
He
suffer'd
therefore
by
the
heat
of
Urine
so
intolerable
,
and
so
unintermitted
pains
,
as
scarce
gave
him
any
truce
of
repose
;
in
which
Distemper
,
that
which
was
most
remarkable
was
,
the
Remedies
they
made
use
of
for
his
Recovery
;
●or
of
eighteen
days
together
,
that
his
Infirmity
continued
,
he
drank
nothing
but
cold
water
,
and
of
that
so
prodigious
a
quantity
,
that
I
do
not
think
any
stomach
in
the
world
,
but
his
,
could
have
digested
so
much
crudity
:
He
was
moreover
very
often
put
into
cold
Baths
;
so
that
all
the
art
,
and
industry
of
his
Physicians
was
wholly
employ'd
to
qualifie
the
ebullient
Blood
of
a
young
man
of
fourscore
and
four
years
old
.
He
was
scarcely
deliver'd
of
his
pain
,
when
he
was
forc'd
to
attend
the
Affairs
of
his
Government
with
greater
diligence
,
and
care
than
at
any
time
before
.
The
King
,
from
the
beginning
of
the
year
having
taken
a
resolution
to
fall
out
with
Spain
,
would
not
however
engage
in
that
War
,
before
he
had
well
,
and
particularly
examin'd
the
condition
and
strength
of
his
Kingdom
;
to
be
therefore
well
inform'd
of
the
State
of
Guienne
,
the
greatest
,
and
best
of
all
his
other
Provinces
,
he
writ
to
the
Duke
in
March
,
to
send
him
a
true
account
of
what
number
of
men
he
could
for
time
of
need
draw
out
of
his
Government
,
and
how
many
men
of
Command
he
might
relye
upon
to
bear
Office
in
his
Armies
:
to
which
the
Duke
return'd
Answer
,
that
,
although
within
eight
months
time
above
eighteen
thousand
men
had
been
sent
out
of
the
Province
,
as
by
the
Muster
Rolls
annex'd
to
his
Dispatch
,
his
Majesty
might
perceive
;
there
might
yet
be
a
very
great
number
rais'd
,
provided
the
Affections
of
the
People
were
discreetly
manag'd
by
some
good
usage
;
that
his
Majesty
would
also
find
a
great
many
Gentlemen
of
Quality
,
An
account
of
the
Forces
o●
Gu●enne
.
and
capable
of
Command
,
(
of
which
he
sent
a
List
of
above
sixscore
)
but
that
the
greatest
part
of
them
were
so
necessitous
,
that
(
to
his
great
grief
)
he
durst
not
promise
to
himself
from
their
inability
,
all
that
his
Majesty
might
expect
from
their
good
will
:
by
which
Abstract
let
any
one
judg
of
the
Forces
of
the
Kingdom
,
and
what
a
King
of
France
may
propose
to
himself
,
having
the
Love
,
and
Affection
of
his
Subjects
.
The
Duke
,
who
knew
by
a
long
experience
,
what
strange
effects
the
good
will
of
the
people
was
able
to
produce
,
never
ceas'd
importuning
the
King
to
husband
it
,
by
granting
some
redress
to
their
Oppressions
;
which
though
he
always
did
,
after
the
most
humble
,
and
respective
manner
could
be
imagin'd
,
it
notwithstanding
wrought
no
effect
,
but
to
his
own
prejudice
:
insomuch
that
,
without
receiving
any
Answer
to
his
real
Remonstrances
,
he
was
often
press'd
by
very
severe
dispatches
,
to
be
assisting
in
the
execution
of
several
Edicts
.
Amongst
all
those
that
were
set
forth
at
this
time
,
The
Exc●se
noon
the
Victuallers
begets
a
Sedition
in
Bordeaux
.
the
lightest
,
and
most
inconsiderable
was
,
that
of
the
Excise
upon
the
Victuallers
;
it
brought
in
very
little
profit
to
the
King
,
and
was
no
burthen
to
the
gross
of
the
people
;
none
but
the
Victuallers
themselves
were
concern'd
in
it
:
this
sort
of
men
nevertheless
,
having
not
much
to
save
,
did
so
much
the
less
care
to
hazard
the
losing
of
all
.
Some
therefore
of
the
most
Seditious
amongst
them
having
upon
the
fourteenth
of
May
put
themselves
in
the
Head
of
an
unruly
Rabble
,
gather'd
together
at
the
first
of
all
a
Body
of
betwixt
four
and
five
hundred
men
.
Some
persons
of
note
endeavour'd
to
oppose
this
first
Disorder
;
but
these
being
too
few
to
extinguish
the
flame
,
serv'd
only
to
make
it
mount
to
a
greater
,
and
more
formidable
height
.
The
first
effects
of
the
Pop●lar
〈◊〉
.
Desaigües
a
particular
Servant
of
the
Duke's
,
and
of
one
of
the
best
Families
in
the
City
,
bore
the
first
brunt
of
the
peoples
fury
;
he
had
attempted
by
threats
to
have
brought
them
to
a
sence
of
their
Duty
;
but
these
Bruits
incapable
of
Reason
,
were
so
exasperated
at
the
very
name
of
Punishment
,
that
they
ran
immediately
to
Arms
,
when
having
forc'd
●
Hostel
de
Ville
,
whither
Desaigües
had
retir'd
himself
,
they
there
in
the
first
place
Massacred
him
;
neither
was
he
the
only
man
that
tasted
of
their
violence
,
an
Archer
belonging
to
the
[
](A42794-e92640-b)*
*
Pr●vost
de
Hostel
,
an
Offi●er
belonging
to
the
King's
Houshold
,
that
set
▪
rates
upon
Victualler●
;
the
same
I
suppose
with
one
of
our
Officers
of
the
Green-cloth
.
A
Clerk
of
the
Market
.
Prevost
de
l'
Hostel
,
that
the
Partners
had
substituted
,
for
the
gathering
in
of
this
Impost
,
with
five
,
or
six
other
persons
concern'd
in
the
same
Employment
,
had
the
same
measure
.
The
Jurats
at
the
first
rumour
of
this
Tumult
,
had
caus'd
the
Captains
of
the
City
to
take
Arms
for
the
defence
of
l'
Hostel
de
Ville
,
which
the
people
threatned
to
assault
,
who
accordingly
did
indeed
put
themselves
into
some
posture
of
defence
:
but
being
presently
besieg'd
,
and
hem'd
in
on
all
sides
,
by
the
multitude
,
soon
capitulated
,
and
retir'd
.
This
first
success
having
by
the
easiness
thereof
,
increas'd
the
insolence
of
these
rascally
people
,
they
in
a
moment
over-ran
the
whole
City
;
so
that
in
less
than
two
hours
time
,
they
had
got
together
betwixt
four
,
and
five
thousand
people
.
So
soon
as
the
Parliament
saw
the
Sedition
increase
to
such
a
formidable
height
,
they
endeavour'd
to
stop
the
progress
of
it
,
by
issuing
out
an
Act
for
the
suppression
of
the
Edict
:
but
the
Mutineers
believing
(
as
it
was
true
)
that
nothing
,
but
the
sole
terror
which
had
possess'd
all
the
Orders
of
the
City
,
had
procur'd
this
Arrest
in
their
favour
,
raising
their
Impudence
higher
,
upon
the
presumption
of
this
Fear
,
would
not
so
much
as
suffer
it
to
be
Publish'd
;
and
the
Multitude
was
seen
to
hurry
up
and
down
the
Streets
after
that
audacious
and
threatning
manner
,
as
very
much
affrighted
all
the
well
dispos'd
Inhabitants
of
the
City
.
At
the
beginning
of
this
uproar
the
Duke
was
at
Cadillac
in
a
course
of
Physick
,
for
the
confirmation
of
his
health
,
which
he
had
not
yet
perfectly
recover'd
;
where
he
was
very
much
surpriz'd
to
see
in
the
close
of
the
evening
a
Courrier
come
in
,
that
the
first
President
d'
Agnesseau
,
had
caus'd
to
steal
privately
out
of
the
City
,
to
bring
him
the
first
news
of
this
Insurrection
,
of
which
he
writ
him
a
Letter
in
these
terms
.
My
Lord
,
I
write
you
this
Ticket
in
haste
from
the
Palace
(
where
I
now
am
with
some
other
Members
of
the
Parliament
,
and
a
Jurat
,
and
from
whence
I
am
advis'd
by
my
Friends
not
to
stir
)
to
give
you
notice
of
the
Sedition
is
rais'd
in
the
City
,
about
the
establishment
the
Sieur
de
la
Forest
Archer
to
the
Grand
Prevost
was
about
to
make
of
an
Excise
upon
the
Victuallers
.
To
stop
the
torrent
of
which
Disorder
,
though
the
Parliament
have
granted
out
an
Arrest
of
Suspension
,
it
is
notwithstanding
so
violent
,
that
way
will
do
no
good
.
So
that
we
are
here
in
very
great
danger
,
which
makes
me
send
you
this
express
Messenger
,
humbly
to
beseech
you
with
all
possible
speed
to
interpose
his
Majesties
Authority
,
and
your
own
to
appease
this
tumult
.
A
favour
that
I
in
my
own
particular
have
some
reason
to
hope
for
from
you
,
being
as
I
am
,
My
Lord
,
&c.
Bordeaux
,
May
14.
1635.
at
three
of
the
Clock
in
the
afternoon
.
The
Duke
had
no
sooner
receiv'd
this
Dispatch
,
but
that
he
order'd
Letters
to
be
sent
forthwith
to
some
Gentlemen
thereabouts
,
whilst
himself
took
order
for
the
raising
some
men
amongst
his
own
Tenants
to
accompany
him
the
next
day
to
the
City
.
In
the
mean
time
he
dispatch'd
away
la
Roche
the
Captain
of
his
Guards
the
same
night
to
the
first
President
,
to
assure
him
of
the
speedy
relief
he
was
preparing
for
him
,
and
to
inform
himself
more
particularly
of
the
state
of
the
City
.
Whilst
he
was
busie
about
this
preparation
,
he
had
news
brought
,
that
the
Rebels
drunk
with
Wine
,
and
tir'd
with
the
work
of
the
day
,
were
in
the
evening
retir'd
every
man
to
his
own
house
,
with
a
resolution
to
be
quiet
,
provided
no
notice
might
be
taken
of
what
was
pass'd
.
Had
things
remain'd
in
this
condition
,
their
offence
,
though
very
great
,
might
have
had
some
colour
of
excuse
:
but
these
people
at
their
awaking
,
puff'd
up
with
the
success
of
their
last
days
temerity
,
The
Progress
of
the
Sedition
.
broke
out
again
the
next
morning
into
new
,
and
greater
Fury
than
before
.
In
which
heat
they
drew
up
a
List
of
above
four
hundred
of
the
best
Families
of
the
City
,
under
the
Title
of
Gabellers
:
In
which
List
many
of
the
principal
Members
of
the
Parliament
were
compriz'd
,
and
the
rest
were
all
Citizens
of
the
best
quality
;
all
which
the
night
following
they
intended
to
Massacre
,
and
to
rifle
their
Houses
.
The
Duke
had
present
notice
of
this
design
.
The
Officers
of
Parliament
,
The
Parliament
sends
to
the
Duke
to
quicken
his
haste
.
astonish'd
at
the
extreme
danger
they
saw
themselves
expos'd
unto
,
had
dispatch'd
to
him
in
all
haste
Lacheze
,
and
Boucaut
,
two
young
Counsellors
whom
they
knew
to
be
acceptable
to
him
,
to
beseech
him
to
make
haste
to
the
City
.
These
Gentlemen
gave
him
an
account
of
the
condition
the
Town
,
and
the
infinite
peril
all
good
men
were
in
;
declaring
withal
that
their
Lives
,
and
Fortunes
depended
upon
his
Presence
,
and
Protection
.
These
two
Deputies
found
the
Duke
just
ready
to
set
out
,
as
they
came
;
he
therefore
took
them
into
his
Coach
,
and
his
House
being
but
five
Leagues
distant
from
the
City
,
arriv'd
there
the
same
day
,
which
was
the
16
th
.
in
very
good
time
.
The
Authority
and
Power
,
The
Duke's
presence
appeases
the
tumult
.
that
the
esteem
of
an
extraordinary
Vertue
exercises
over
the
minds
of
men
,
is
hardly
any
where
more
remarkable
,
than
upon
this
occasion
;
there
being
not
one
,
even
of
the
most
Seditious
,
who
did
not
manifest
shame
,
and
repentance
for
his
past
offences
.
They
were
no
more
the
same
men
,
who
had
determin'd
to
cut
throats
,
and
to
plunder
the
richest
houses
the
ensuing
night
;
insomuch
that
even
the
very
Incendiaaries
themselves
came
,
mix'd
with
the
honestest
Burgers
of
the
Town
,
to
meet
,
and
receive
their
Governour
,
a
great
way
without
the
Gates
of
the
City
,
with
Acclamations
that
sounded
nothing
but
Obedience
,
and
Submission
.
With
this
general
applause
,
the
Duke
went
to
alight
at
the
Host●l
de
Ville
,
which
was
in
his
way
,
and
which
he
found
in
a
miserable
plight
,
the
Gates
b●●nt
down
,
the
Inscriptions
defac'd
,
the
Windows
broken
,
the
Prisons
set
open
,
and
all
things
as
in
the
desolation
of
a
City
taken
and
sack'd
by
a
Forein
Enemy
.
After
having
taken
the
best
order
he
could
for
the
securing
the
Hostel
de
Ville
,
he
retir'd
himself
to
his
own
House
;
and
thus
far
all
things
look'd
well
:
but
afterwards
his
design
being
to
proceed
about
the
late
tumult
,
rather
by
moderate
,
and
gentle
,
than
by
severe
and
exemplary
ways
,
(
the
first
being
at
this
time
the
safest
,
and
best
,
if
they
could
succeed
)
the
Mutineers
began
to
gather
heart
from
their
impunity
,
and
to
believe
they
were
fear'd
.
Nothing
therefore
being
so
sweet
,
and
tempting
,
as
Dominion
,
and
Power
,
to
those
who
are
not
acquainted
with
it
,
these
men
would
by
no
means
so
soon
lay
down
,
that
which
they
had
so
rebelliously
taken
up
,
and
which
they
thought
with
their
great
numbers
,
they
could
so
easily
maintain
.
They
began
then
to
assemble
themselves
anew
,
giving
out
terrible
threats
of
what
strange
things
they
would
do
;
by
which
the
Duke
judging
they
would
from
high
words
,
doubtless
proceed
to
some
mischievous
effects
;
he
sent
the
Court
an
account
of
all
the
evil
dispositions
he
had
observ'd
,
not
only
in
the
spirits
of
the
Inhabitants
of
the
City
,
but
also
of
the
whole
Province
;
desiring
withal
the
assistance
of
such
Forces
,
as
might
be
sufficient
to
remedy
the
evil
he
saw
was
already
as
good
as
concluded
.
But
all
his
Remonstrances
were
neglected
,
they
thought
he
only
made
this
his
pretence
to
Arm
,
and
fortifie
himself
in
his
own
Government
;
and
the
design
of
the
Court
being
to
keep
him
weak
,
and
disarm'd
,
they
rather
chose
to
expose
the
Province
to
the
danger
of
popular
Sedition
,
than
to
enable
him
with
Honour
to
maintain
the
King's
Authority
,
and
Interest
.
The
Duke
seeing
himself
thus
naked
,
and
alone
,
did
very
well
judg
he
should
not
in
this
posture
be
able
to
suppress
the
Faction
;
so
that
their
insolence
daily
more
and
more
increas'd
,
till
in
the
end
either
stirr'd
up
with
the
fear
of
being
made
examples
,
prompted
on
with
the
avarice
of
booty
,
The
people
run
into
open
Arm●
.
or
allur'd
with
the
sole
appetite
of
ill
doing
,
without
danger
of
punishment
(
which
to
abject
minds
is
no
small
temptation
)
they
betook
themselves
openly
to
Arms
;
and
after
many
insolent
Discourses
,
and
several
Tickets
scatter'd
up
and
down
the
Streets
,
to
excite
the
people
to
Sedition
,
they
canton'd
,
and
fortified
themselves
in
one
part
of
the
City
,
whereof
they
possess'd
themselves
of
the
half
,
and
,
by
making
great
Barricado's
upon
all
the
Avenues
,
made
themselves
absolute
Masters
of
it
.
Within
this
Precinct
there
were
five
Gates
,
several
Churches
,
with
some
Towers
,
and
Fortifications
which
were
joyn'd
to
the
City
;
all
which
they
had
carefully
provided
for
,
and
were
therein
so
well
accommodated
,
that
it
seem'd
to
them
impossible
they
should
be
forc'd
,
having
many
more
men
than
were
necessary
to
defend
their
Works
.
This
disorder
hapned
the
15
th
.
of
Iune
,
it
began
about
ten
of
the
Clock
in
the
morning
,
and
the
Duke
had
notice
of
it
presently
after
Dinner
;
upon
which
Intelligence
judging
that
a
Sedition
of
this
high
nature
,
and
premeditated
as
this
was
,
was
not
to
be
tolerated
without
manifest
danger
both
of
the
City
,
and
the
whole
Province
,
and
a
very
great
diminution
both
of
the
King's
Authority
,
and
his
own
;
he
forthwith
commanded
those
Gentlemen
he
had
about
him
to
mount
to
Horse
,
and
la
Roche
the
Captain
of
his
Guards
to
put
himself
in
the
head
of
his
Companies
on
Foot
;
The
D●ke
a●most
alone
goes
out
against
them
.
with
which
inconsiderable
number
himself
,
without
further
deliberation
,
went
out
about
one
in
the
afternoon
,
to
execute
one
of
the
boldest
actions
he
ever
undertook
in
his
whole
life
.
Neither
would
he
herein
so
much
as
consider
his
own
weakness
,
or
the
temerity
,
and
number
of
those
he
was
to
encounter
,
that
the
disproportion
of
their
Forces
might
not
divert
him
from
his
design
.
He
had
not
with
him
above
two
and
twenty
Horse
,
and
six
and
twenty
of
his
Guards
on
Foot
,
whereas
no
less
than
the
one
half
of
the
City
were
already
in
Arms
against
him
,
and
little
better
to
be
expected
from
the
rest
.
For
the
greater
part
of
the
Inhabitants
look'd
upon
these
Mutineers
,
as
the
Champions
of
their
Liberty
;
so
that
those
of
the
bet●er
sort
,
and
some
few
honest
Citizens
excepted
,
the
rest
were
prepossess'd
with
so
strange
a
blindness
,
that
there
were
very
few
,
who
did
not
at
least
contribute
their
wishes
to
the
prosperity
of
so
Lewd
a
Cause
.
In
fine
,
had
not
his
promptitude
and
courage
(
and
that
beyond
all
probality
)
procur'd
him
the
success
of
this
Action
,
there
had
been
an
end
of
the
City
of
Bordeaux
,
and
the
whole
Province
of
Guienne
;
and
an
invading
Enemy
could
not
have
wrought
a
greater
desolation
,
than
had
been
justly
to
be
fear'd
from
the
wild
Fury
of
a
people
,
puff'd
up
with
the
success
of
the
least
Victory
they
could
have
obtain'd
.
He
therefore
indeed
hazarded
a
great
deal
to
prevent
so
dire
a
mischief
,
and
to
preserve
the
whole
:
but
there
was
also
a
necessity
upon
him
,
that
he
should
do
so
;
neither
would
the
evil
have
been
less
,
if
he
had
rendred
his
Authority
contemptible
by
his
Toleration
:
of
two
extremes
he
therefore
made
choice
of
that
,
wherein
,
't
was
true
,
there
was
more
danger
;
but
that
gave
him
withal
opportunity
,
either
suddenly
to
suppress
the
Commotion
,
or
to
end
his
Life
with
Honour
in
the
Service
of
his
Prince
and
Countrey
.
So
soon
as
the
Duke
was
on
Horseback
,
the
first
place
he
went
to
was
the
Lodgings
of
the
Premier
President
,
to
secure
his
person
from
danger
;
which
he
did
,
by
prevailing
with
him
to
retire
himself
to
his
House
,
and
from
thence
advanc'd
towards
the
Barricado's
.
The
Hostel
de
Ville
was
comprehended
in
the
Circuit
,
the
Mutineers
had
possess'd
themselves
of
;
but
they
were
not
Masters
of
the
place
:
he
would
therefore
,
before
he
advanc'd
any
further
,
make
some
stay
there
to
encourage
the
Guards
,
he
had
before
there
plac'd
in
Garrison
,
in
their
Duty
.
As
he
was
upon
his
March
thither
,
at
the
entry
into
the
Market
place
,
he
found
all
the
Chains
up
,
and
several
of
the
Inhabitants
in
Arms
,
resolute
to
defend
the
pass
.
Whereupon
la
Roche
by
the
Duke's
Order
,
commanded
them
to
make
way
,
and
retire
;
when
perceiving
them
in
suspence
what
to
do
,
whether
to
obey
,
or
stand
upon
their
defence
,
la
Roche
wisely
taking
advantage
of
their
irresolution
,
leapt
upon
the
Barricado
,
disarm'd
those
who
were
more
advanc'd
,
and
forc'd
the
rest
to
retire
,
without
any
other
violence
to
any
.
Though
the
little
respect
these
first
opposers
manifested
for
the
Age
and
venerable
Person
of
their
Governour
,
gave
him
very
well
to
understand
he
was
to
expect
no
better
from
the
rest
,
he
desisted
not
nevertheless
to
go
on
.
He
alighted
therefore
at
the
Hostel
de
Ville
,
where
,
after
he
had
taken
the
best
Order
he
could
,
for
the
security
of
the
place
,
and
put
it
into
a
condition
to
send
him
some
assistance
if
occasion
were
,
he
commanded
la
Roche
to
assault
a
Barricado
that
was
made
at
the
entry
of
the
Street
call'd
la
Rüe
Saint
Michel
.
Those
who
defended
this
pass
were
too
many
to
keep
any
good
order
;
they
indeed
made
shew
of
great
resolution
,
and
receiv'd
the
Guards
with
several
Musket
shot
,
but
confusedly
made
,
and
at
random
:
but
how
irregularly
soever
,
before
any
shot
was
fir'd
against
them
,
they
wounded
one
of
the
Duke's
Guards
to
death
,
The
Duke
,
though
stoutly
opposed
,
forces
the
first
B●rricade
.
with
a
Musket
Bullet
in
his
Breast
.
The
Duke
had
expressly
commanded
his
people
not
to
shoot
till
the
last
extremity
,
and
as
much
as
was
possible
to
spare
the
Blood
of
the
people
,
whose
blindness
he
much
more
lamented
,
than
he
was
with
their
temerity
and
insolence
offended
:
but
after
this
first
Volly
,
his
Guards
having
discharg'd
theirs
almost
at
the
Muzzle
of
the
Musket
,
it
was
soon
seen
how
much
Valour
can
prevail
over
Numbers
,
and
what
Experience
,
and
Discipline
can
do
against
Brutality
,
and
Disorder
,
They
shot
so
right
,
and
to
so
good
effect
,
that
few
gave
fire
,
who
did
not
carry
his
man
;
insomuch
that
nine
were
kill'd
out-right
at
this
first
Volle●
,
and
twelve
more
wounded
that
were
in
little
bett●r
condition
;
so
brisk
a
Charge
having
a
little
startled
those
who
were
formost
,
la
Roche
with
his
Companions
fell
presently
to
work
upon
the
Barricado
to
break
it
down
,
where
they
yet
met
with
some
opposition
,
and
where
a
Gentleman
call'd
la
Serre
,
who
would
fight
on
foot
with
the
Duke's
Guards
,
amongst
whom
he
had
long
born
Arms
,
in
mounting
the
Barricado
,
was
by
a
thrust
with
a
Halbert
run
quite
through
the
shoulder
,
as
some
others
were
also
more
slightly
wounded
:
And
breaks
through
with
his
Horse
.
but
in
the
end
,
the
Duke
who
seconded
his
Guards
,
himself
on
Horseback
at
the
head
of
his
Troop
,
breaking
in
at
the
passage
they
had
open'd
for
him
,
forc'd
the
Defendants
to
retire
.
Yet
was
it
not
nevertheless
to
retreat
very
far
,
the
squander'd
party
soon
recovering
the
other
Barricades
that
were
along
the
same
street
,
and
that
call'd
la
Rüe
de
Faures
,
leading
towards
the
Port
de
la
Grave
.
There
were
three
strong
Barricado's
in
this
Quarter
,
which
were
all
so
obstinately
defended
,
that
at
every
one
there
were
men
slain
on
both
sides
.
The
D●ke
forces
t●ree
other
〈◊〉
,
wherein
several
of
his
men
are
slain
,
and
wounded
.
The
Duke
there
lost
a
young
Gentleman
of
the
House
of
Montagne
,
whom
he
had
bred
up
a
Page
,
and
whom
but
a
few
days
before
he
had
made
to
take
a
Cassock
in
his
Guards
,
which
unfortunate
Youth
came
to
fall
dead
at
his
feet
:
Another
of
the
same
condition
call'd
le
Poüy
receiv'd
his
Deaths
wound
by
a
Musket
shot
that
broke
his
shoulder
,
five
or
six
more
were
also
wounded
,
what
with
Muskets
and
Pikes
;
and
the
Duke
had
moreover
a
Gentleman
shot
behind
him
on
Horseback
;
all
which
opposition
notwithstanding
,
every
thing
must
give
way
to
the
valour
of
this
little
Party
;
and
la
Roche
,
seeing
his
Master
engag'd
in
so
manifest
a
danger
of
his
life
,
so
bravely
expos'd
both
his
own
,
and
his
fellows
for
his
preservation
,
that
nothing
was
able
to
withstand
them
.
The
five
first
Barricado's
being
forc'd
,
The
Duke
goes
into
another
quarter
of
the
City
,
which
was
also
in
mutiny
,
and
Barricado'd
.
and
taken
,
the
Duke
was
inform'd
,
that
in
that
part
of
the
Town
towards
St.
Croix
,
there
were
several
others
,
some
perfected
,
and
others
only
begun
:
upon
which
intelligence
he
thought
it
very
requisite
to
make
use
of
the
astonishment
his
first
successes
might
possibly
have
imprinted
in
the
minds
of
the
people
,
and
to
go
immediately
to
this
second
occasion
.
He
met
in
truth
with
less
resistance
at
these
,
than
the
former
,
there
was
notwithstanding
something
every
where
to
do
,
and
he
had
also
here
some
men
wounded
:
but
it
is
not
to
be
believ'd
what
infinite
hazards
he
ran
that
day
in
his
own
person
;
for
being
on
Horseback
at
the
head
of
his
Troop
,
and
very
remarkable
by
his
gray
Beard
,
and
Head
,
he
seem'd
to
be
the
mark
at
which
all
the
Musket-shot
,
Pistols
,
and
Stones
were
directed
.
Neither
was
he
only
to
apprehend
those
that
were
shot
at
him
from
the
Barricado's
,
his
greatest
danger
being
from
the
Windows
,
and
so
much
the
more
,
by
reason
the
Streets
being
exceeding
narrow
,
took
from
him
all
possibility
of
avoiding
the
shot
,
that
was
pour'd
perpendicular
upon
him
.
Even
the
women
put
him
into
no
small
danger
,
one
of
which
fail'd
but
little
of
braining
him
with
a
Flower-pot
,
which
came
so
near
as
to
fall
upon
his
Horses
Crupper
;
and
a
man
through
a
Casement
,
with
his
Musket
couch'd
at
his
Cheek
,
was
about
to
let
fly
at
him
,
at
no
more
than
ten
paces
distance
,
had
he
not
been
prevented
by
one
of
the
Duke's
Guard
call'd
Caudere
,
who
espied
,
and
kill'd
him
.
The
Duke's
danger
.
A
greater
resolution
,
than
this
day
appear'd
in
the
people
,
has
hardly
at
any
time
been
observ'd
;
which
was
such
,
that
even
when
the
Duke's
followers
had
made
themselves
Masters
of
the
Barricades
,
they
had
much
ado
to
make
them
retire
;
and
when
either
they
had
taken
their
Arms
from
them
,
or
that
themselves
in
despair
had
thrown
them
away
,
they
cry'd
out
,
and
intreated
,
rather
to
be
dispatch'd
than
permitted
to
live
to
see
the
Gabelle
impos'd
upon
them
:
So
hard
a
thing
is
it
to
cure
the
minds
of
the
people
,
when
prepossess'd
with
false
impressions
.
They
could
not
nevertheless
either
by
their
obstinacy
,
or
the
ill
will
they
had
so
violently
manifested
to
the
Duke's
person
,
provoke
him
to
consent
to
more
Blood
,
or
greater
Slaughter
,
than
what
had
inevitably
pass'd
in
the
heat
of
the
action
:
he
continually
calling
out
to
save
the
lives
of
the
people
;
The
Duke's
Clemency
.
neither
was
there
above
five
and
twenty
,
or
thirty
persons
kill'd
upon
the
place
,
and
some
few
wounded
:
one
of
which
did
a
thing
worthy
a
better
Cause
,
and
a
more
conspicuous
Theatre
.
A
Cooper
that
had
put
himself
in
the
head
of
a
crew
of
Rakels
of
his
own
profession
,
of
which
there
are
very
many
in
this
City
,
having
at
the
defence
of
a
Barricade
receiv'd
a
Musket
shot
that
broke
his
Arm
,
being
a
strong
lusty
fellow
,
without
being
daunted
at
the
shatter'd
limb
,
that
hu●●
down
only
by
a
little
piece
of
skin
,
he
went
to
the
next
Chirurgion's
;
where
having
caus'd
it
to
be
totally
cut
off
,
and
a
Plaster
to
be
apply'd
to
it
,
he
return'd
immediately
to
another
Barricade
,
which
he
again
defended
with
great
bravery
,
and
resolution
,
till
in
the
end
being
taken
,
and
presented
to
the
Duke
,
with
an
account
of
his
action
,
he
commanded
him
to
be
carried
back
to
his
own
house
,
and
that
care
should
be
taken
for
his
cure
:
but
his
life
was
not
to
be
saved
;
for
this
unluchy
fellow
,
by
his
obstinacy
opposing
the
Grace
the
Duke
had
shew'd
him
,
a
new
Sedition
a
few
days
after
arising
(
for
this
was
not
the
last
)
he
start
out
of
his
Bed
at
the
first
noise
of
it
,
to
put
himself
again
in
the
head
of
his
Comrades
;
which
second
agitation
having
put
him
into
a
continued
Fever
,
he
dy'd
a
few
days
after
.
The
Duke
having
scour'd
this
great
quarter
of
the
City
,
and
forc'd
above
three
thousand
persons
to
lay
down
their
Arms
,
who
had
taken
them
up
in
this
Commotion
,
carrying
off
with
him
his
dead
,
and
wounded
,
return'd
back
to
the
Hostel
de
Ville
,
to
give
his
men
a
little
breath
,
who
were
almost
tired
out
,
and
spent
with
the
heat
,
and
continuation
of
the
Fight
:
But
it
was
only
to
take
a
very
short
repose
;
for
he
was
scarce
alighted
from
his
Horse
,
when
he
was
advertis'd
,
that
near
to
the
Port
de
Saint
Iulien
,
which
is
one
of
the
principal
Gates
of
the
City
,
eight
or
nine
hundred
men
were
intrench'd
,
within
five
great
Barricades
,
that
shut
up
all
the
Avenues
,
The
D●ke
prepares
to
go
to
a
new
occasion
,
which
he
effects
without
fighting
.
by
which
there
was
any
way
to
come
to
them
.
These
Mutineers
had
a
design
to
make
themselves
Masters
of
this
Gate
,
which
had
been
no
hard
matter
for
them
to
do
,
by
that
means
to
have
let
in
the
Country
people
thereabouts
to
their
assistance
;
which
they
from
without
the
Walls
mainly
cry'd
out
for
,
that
they
might
share
in
the
Plunder
of
the
City
,
which
they
had
already
swallow'd
in
their
imagination
,
and
look'd
upon
it
as
a
certain
,
and
infallible
Prey
.
The
Duke
was
a
little
surpriz'd
to
find
he
was
to
enter
into
new
engagements
,
before
he
was
well
clear
of
the
former
:
he
knew
very
well
that
the
small
number
of
men
he
had
left
,
would
be
too
few
to
undertake
this
second
Enterprize
;
yet
would
he
not
leave
an
action
imperfect
,
which
unless
it
was
carried
on
to
an
absolute
,
and
total
Victory
,
he
must
of
necessity
lose
the
fruits
of
what
he
had
already
perform'd
with
so
much
Bravery
and
success
.
He
resolv'd
therefore
to
draw
fifty
men
out
of
the
Garrison
of
Chasteau-Trompette
,
all
that
could
possibly
be
spar'd
from
thence
,
and
some
small
Field-pieces
to
force
those
Entrenchments
with
less
danger
,
than
he
had
done
the
other
Barricado's
before
.
He
had
no
sooner
made
his
preparation
,
and
was
ready
to
go
against
these
people
,
when
either
a
pannick
terror
,
or
the
consideration
of
their
Duty
,
or
the
Respect
to
their
Governours
person
,
whom
they
saw
so
freely
to
expose
himself
for
the
publick
Safety
,
touch'd
the
hearts
of
some
honest
Burgers
of
that
part
of
the
City
;
who
had
,
it
should
seem
,
so
much
credit
with
the
Seditious
,
as
to
make
them
capable
of
Reason
,
and
sensible
of
their
Duty
,
so
far
as
to
prevail
with
them
,
without
staying
to
be
compell'd
unto
it
,
to
send
the
Duke
a
Protestation
that
they
would
return
to
their
Obedience
;
which
they
accordingly
did
,
at
the
same
time
falling
to
work
to
open
their
Barricado's
:
So
that
the
Duke
,
presently
advancing
to
see
what
condition
they
were
in
,
caus'd
them
to
be
totally
beaten
down
in
his
own
presence
.
Whilst
on
this
side
of
the
Town
the
Duke
went
on
at
this
prosperous
rate
,
there
was
new
work
cutting
out
for
him
in
the
other
part
of
the
City
,
had
he
been
less
successful
here
:
For
although
that
Quarter
call'd
du
Chapeau
Rouge
,
The
whole
City
upon
the
point
to
run
into
Sedition
,
was
inhabited
with
a
great
many
persons
of
very
good
quality
,
who
were
heartily
concern'd
at
these
disorders
;
there
were
also
very
many
who
had
been
so
prepossess'd
with
false
opinions
,
that
they
were
much
more
enclin'd
to
joyn
with
the
Seditious
,
than
any
ways
to
help
to
suppress
them
.
These
were
doubtless
the
greater
party
,
and
these
had
been
put
into
Arms
under
the
Captains
of
the
City
,
if
occasion
had
been
to
have
gone
to
the
Duke's
succour
:
but
by
good
fortune
he
stood
in
no
need
of
so
dangerous
a
Relief
;
it
being
almost
certain
that
they
would
have
turn'd
to
the
other
side
,
and
,
had
never
so
little
misfortune
befall'n
him
,
their
Captains
would
have
had
very
much
ado
to
have
with-held
them
;
But
are
with-held
by
the
Duke's
success
.
but
his
success
prevented
their
evil
purpose
:
So
that
seeing
him
return
Victorious
with
so
few
Forces
,
their
Fury
was
turn'd
into
admiration
;
and
they
for
that
time
satisfied
themselves
with
muttering
some
discontent
at
their
Companions
defeat
,
without
farther
manifesting
their
malevolent
designs
by
any
considerable
effects
.
Though
this
Action
,
that
had
had
so
violent
a
beginning
,
and
so
miraculous
a
conclusion
,
had
made
the
Duke's
generosity
,
and
good
conduct
admir'd
by
all
;
it
had
nevertheless
withal
made
the
people
sensible
of
his
weakness
,
by
the
few
that
came
into
his
defence
,
in
a
time
of
so
great
,
and
manifest
danger
.
The
Seditious
therefore
taking
from
thence
a
●●uer
measure
of
their
own
Forces
,
and
comparing
their
numbers
with
his
,
doubted
not
,
should
they
come
to
a
second
Tryal
,
to
do
their
work
with
greater
facility
:
So
that
prepossess'd
with
the
hope
of
their
cursed
advantages
,
they
highly
,
and
publickly
threatned
what
they
would
do
;
and
doubtless
,
had
not
the
sole
respect
to
the
Duke's
person
with-held
them
,
they
had
again
betaken
themselves
to
Arms
,
and
he
would
have
been
in
very
great
danger
to
have
perish'd
by
the
hands
of
the
people
,
and
to
have
suffer'd
the
most
unfortunate
death
could
possibly
have
arriv'd
to
any
person
of
his
condition
.
Press'd
therefore
by
the
hourly
intelligence
he
receiv'd
of
the
evil
disposition
that
still
continued
in
the
minds
of
the
people
,
The
D●ke
〈◊〉
the
K●ng
an
Account
of
the
lat●
Insurrection
.
he
resolv'd
to
dispatch
away
Magnas
in
all
speed
to
Court
,
to
let
the
King
understand
the
estate
of
the
City
,
and
Province
,
and
to
beseech
his
Majesty
to
provide
for
the
present
●vils
,
and
against
those
that
were
reasonably
to
be
fear'd
for
the
time
to
come
.
In
this
Dispatch
he
,
above
all
things
,
was
importunate
that
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
his
Son
might
be
sent
away
to
him
,
that
he
might
be
assisted
by
a
second
self
in
occasions
where
the
whole
burthen
of
Affairs
were
to
depend
upon
his
Fidelity
,
and
care
.
In
the
mean
time
he
writ
to
some
Gentlemen
of
the
Country
to
come
speedily
in
to
him
,
and
moreover
gave
order
for
the
raising
some
Forces
in
such
of
his
own
Territories
,
as
lay
nearest
to
the
City
.
He
had
from
thence
often
drawn
out
to
the
number
of
above
two
thousand
good
men
,
by
which
he
had
been
exceedingly
well
serv'd
upon
several
important
occasions
:
but
at
this
time
(
which
will
appear
very
strange
,
and
at
which
I
observ'd
him
to
be
more
aftonish'd
,
than
at
any
thing
that
had
hapned
during
the
whole
disorder
)
he
could
not
get
so
much
as
one
man
:
so
great
was
either
their
terror
,
or
their
correspondence
with
the
Mutineers
.
There
came
in
indeed
some
Gentlemen
,
but
with
much
ado
,
and
with
very
great
danger
,
occasion'd
by
the
new
disorder
,
The
whole
Province
of
Guienne
.
except
Montauban
,
break
into
Sedition
.
which
we
shall
now
see
;
for
Magnas
was
no
sooner
departed
from
him
,
but
that
most
of
the
most
considerable
Cities
of
the
Province
,
by
the
example
of
their
Metropolis
revolted
;
insomuch
that
there
was
scarce
any
,
save
Montauban
only
,
that
contain'd
it self
within
the
limits
of
its
Duty
,
the
rest
breaking
out
into
open
Arms
,
and
committing
every
where
all
the
barbarous
acts
of
an
inhumane
fury
.
Amongst
all
these
horrid
Riots
,
those
which
were
committed
at
Agen
were
the
most
extreme
.
[
](A42794-e93550-b)*
*
A
Sovere●gn
Court
wherein
all
ca●●es
that
concern
the
Aid●
,
or
Ta●les
,
that
is
T●x●s
,
or
〈◊〉
are
●ear'd
,
and
determ●n'd
▪
La
Cour
des
Aides
was
at
this
time
establish'd
in
this
City
;
and
it
was
upon
the
Officers
of
this
Court
,
that
they
exercis'd
the
most
notable
violence
,
all
that
the
people
could
meet
withal
being
miserably
burnt
,
or
Massacred
(
for
in
popular
furies
we
seldom
read
of
ordinary
executions
)
the
[
](A42794-e93570-b)*
*
Eleus
,
A●sessors
,
or
Collector●
of
the
Kings
S●bsidies
.
President
du
Bernet
opposes
the
Sedition
of
Agen.
Aud
Monsieur
de
Vert●mont
that
of
Perigueux
.
Eleus
were
handled
after
the
same
manner
,
many
honest
Burgers
were
by
their
Enemies
put
into
the
number
of
Gabellers
,
and
had
the
same
measure
:
So
that
had
not
President
du
Bernet
(
who
was
President
of
the
Chambre
de
l'
Edict
,
that
had
its
seat
in
the
same
City
)
oppos'd
this
Torrent
of
popular
fury
,
with
greater
vigour
than
was
to
be
expected
from
a
man
of
his
profession
,
it
is
certainly
believ'd
,
that
not
one
man
of
condition
would
have
been
left
alive
,
in
the
whole
City
.
Neither
had
the
disorder
been
less
at
Perigueux
,
had
it
not
been
for
the
presence
of
Vertamont
,
Intendant
de
la
Iustice
;
for
the
Duke
knowing
the
humour
of
this
people
,
enclin'd
to
Licence
,
had
entreated
Vertamont
to
go
thither
,
under
colour
of
some
Commission
of
his
Intendancy
;
where
he
was
scarcely
arriv'd
,
when
the
people
rose
in
Commotion
,
as
in
other
places
,
falling
upon
some
Officers
of
the
Election
,
and
other
innocent
persons
,
to
make
a
horrid
Massacre
:
And
then
it
was
,
that
Vertamont
,
abandoning
the
care
of
his
own
person
,
encourag'd
the
Magistrates
boldly
to
oppose
the
popular
Fury
,
and
putting
himself
in
the
head
of
them
,
made
no
difficulty
to
re●cue
some
poor
people
,
who
were
going
to
be
sacrific'd
to
their
barbarous
cruelty
,
out
of
the
hands
of
the
insolent
rabble
:
So
that
with
an
extraordinary
fortune
,
the
effect
of
his
generous
resolution
,
he
contain'd
this
City
in
its
Obedience
,
giving
in
himself
at
the
same
time
,
a
great
Example
of
Justice
,
and
Moderation
in
so
dangerous
an
occurrence
.
Though
the
Duke
had
enough
to
do
in
the
City
of
Bordeaux
,
The
Duke
sends
his
Orders
into
all
parts
of
the
Province
,
yet
did
he
not
fail
however
,
even
in
the
midst
of
these
confusions
,
with
incredible
diligence
,
and
care
,
to
disperse
his
Orders
throughout
all
parts
of
the
Province
;
in
the
remotest
parts
whereof
,
the
report
being
spread
,
that
all
things
continued
quiet
at
Bordeaux
by
the
respect
to
the
Dukes
Authority
,
and
Person
;
Which
a
little
calms
the
Sedition
.
the
other
Cities
that
had
taken
Arms
by
the
example
of
this
,
quieted
themselves
also
by
the
same
consideration
;
by
which
means
the
Licence
of
the
people
was
kept
within
some
moderate
bounds
;
a
moderation
nevertheless
that
hung
by
so
slender
a
thred
,
that
upon
the
least
occasion
worse
,
and
more
dangerous
Commotions
were
to
be
expected
.
The
Duke
had
no
Forces
,
neither
was
any
to
be
hop'd
for
out
of
any
part
of
the
Province
;
and
it
was
a
matter
of
extraordinary
difficulty
to
send
him
any
from
any
other
place
;
so
that
he
was
constrain'd
in
so
great
an
exigency
,
to
have
recourse
to
other
means
,
and
to
cause
some
of
the
promoters
of
this
Sedition
to
be
treated
withal
,
for
the
bringing
about
of
that
,
which
he
saw
no
other
possible
way
to
effect
:
Wherein
he
also
succeeded
so
well
,
that
these
people
allur'd
by
promises
of
Indemnity
,
and
some
hopes
of
reward
,
gave
themselves
up
absolutely
to
his
dispose
;
so
that
it
was
by
this
politick
way
of
proceeding
he
in
the
end
totally
secur'd
both
the
City
of
Bordeaux
,
and
the
whole
Province
of
Guienne
.
The
disorder
had
continued
so
long
,
and
with
so
much
noise
,
that
there
was
few
of
the
Incendiaries
,
who
were
not
in
every
quarter
particularly
known
,
of
which
there
were
very
many
who
had
formerly
born
Arms
in
the
King's
Regiments
of
Foot
;
and
who
,
being
grown
weary
of
that
profession
,
were
return'd
again
to
their
old
Trades
.
These
men
wrought
upon
by
the
Duke's
Exhortations
,
and
the
greatest
part
of
them
moreover
touch'd
with
the
sence
of
the
moderation
he
had
exercis'd
towards
them
,
notwithstanding
the
greatness
of
their
offences
,
promis'd
him
,
that
nothing
should
pass
amongst
the
people
,
of
which
he
should
not
have
continual
notice
;
and
they
were
as
good
as
their
words
,
giving
him
by
their
constant
intelligence
,
means
and
opportunity
to
prevent
those
evils
,
which
otherwise
would
infallibly
have
given
the
last
blow
to
the
publick
Peace
.
The
Commotions
of
the
City
were
no
sooner
in
some
measure
appeas'd
,
but
that
the
madness
diffus'd
it self
into
the
Villages
of
the
adjacent
Country
.
The
Boor●
M●tiny
.
These
people
having
in
the
time
of
one
of
the
foremention'd
Mutinies
,
taken
occasion
to
rifle
some
Houses
of
the
City
,
were
return'd
with
their
Booty
to
their
own
homes
;
by
whose
ill
example
,
their
Neighbours
were
so
excited
to
Rapine
,
that
in
a
moment
all
the
Boors
threw
away
the
instruments
of
their
labour
,
and
betook
themselves
to
Arms.
In
this
posture
they
rob'd
the
Country
houses
,
they
assembled
themselves
in
great
numbers
in
all
the
Suburbs
of
Bordeaux
,
and
would
attempt
to
make
their
way
into
the
City
it self
;
where
they
were
so
much
desired
by
the
basest
of
the
people
,
that
they
did
their
endeavours
also
to
let
them
in
.
The
greatest
appearance
of
them
was
in
the
Suburb
de
Saint
Surin
,
to
which
place
the
Duke's
house
was
near
enough
for
him
to
hear
their
clamours
,
and
hideous
yells
,
and
from
his
Chamber
Window
that
look'd
into
the
Fields
to
see
the
Fire
they
had
kindled
in
several
houses
,
of
which
the
greatest
part
were
miserably
consum'd
.
The
Duke
of
Esperno●●
goes
on●
again●t
them
,
At
the
sight
of
these
barbarous
Riots
,
it
was
impossible
to
detain
him
;
but
,
although
he
was
at
last
fall'n
into
an
almost
unintermitted
indisposition
,
he
got
out
of
his
bed
,
mounted
to
Horse
by
night
,
and
with
forty
or
fifty
Gentlemen
,
his
Guards
,
and
some
of
the
Town
Companies
,
went
out
towards
these
Mutineers
.
They
had
fortified
themselves
in
several
places
of
the
Suburb
,
had
Barricado'd
the
Church
,
and
made
a
countenance
of
resolution
to
defend
themselves
;
nevertheless
at
the
Duke's
arrival
,
they
almost
all
disbanded
,
and
ran
away
,
none
saving
those
in
the
Church
making
any
resistance
,
who
also
at
the
first
Volley
was
discharg'd
upon
them
,
fled
after
their
fellows
;
when
the
Cavalry
putting
themselves
in
pursuit
of
those
who
had
recover'd
the
Fields
,
And
disperses
them
.
some
forty
or
fifty
of
them
were
miserably
slain
.
It
is
not
to
be
imagin'd
how
strangely
the
Duke
was
afflicted
at
the
death
of
these
wretched
people
:
This
little
evil
nevertheless
conduc'd
very
much
to
a
far
greater
good
;
for
the
report
of
this
Execution
dispersing
it self
in
a
moment
,
throughout
the
whole
Province
,
the
other
Country
people
who
sate
,
expecting
the
good
,
or
evil
success
of
their
fellows
,
made
themselves
,
for
this
year
,
wise
by
the
example
of
their
misfortune
;
and
without
engaging
in
the
folly
of
the
greater
Cities
,
were
content
to
sit
spectators
of
their
Tumults
,
and
Disorders
.
There
were
indeed
hardly
any
more
after
this
action
;
for
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
coming
presently
after
to
the
Duke
his
Father
,
they
bent
their
joynt
endeavours
to
the
healing
of
some
secret
discontents
that
yet
remain'd
in
the
minds
of
the
people
;
when
having
,
by
gentle
and
obliging
ways
,
made
them
sensible
of
their
late
miscarriages
,
and
of
their
Duty
,
and
Obedience
for
the
time
to
come
,
From
whence
a
calm
ensues
.
they
soon
after
,
by
the
King's
Order
,
publish'd
an
Act
of
Oblivion
for
all
things
that
were
pass'd
;
a
Grace
his
Majesty
had
been
pleas'd
to
grant
to
their
intercession
,
and
at
their
humble
request
.
Who
could
have
imagin'd
that
so
many
brave
Actions
of
the
Duke's
(
whether
consider'd
in
the
dangers
to
which
he
was
so
often
oblig'd
to
expose
his
Person
;
The
Duke
●soers'd
after
all
his
brave
Service
.
the
great
conduct
wherewith
they
were
carried
on
,
or
the
utility
that
deriv'd
from
them
to
the
publick
repose
)
that
those
Actions
I
say
ought
to
have
serv'd
for
a
pretence
to
the
blackest
,
and
most
hateful
calumny
,
that
could
possibly
have
been
invented
to
the
prejudice
of
his
Honour
?
It
was
nevertheless
the
fruit
,
and
reward
of
his
brave
Service
,
after
which
no
man
certainly
is
ever
again
to
repine
at
Detraction
,
or
complain
of
Envy
.
Briet
,
a
Counsellor
in
the
Parliament
of
Bordeaux
,
openly
profess'd
himself
to
be
no
friend
to
the
Duke
,
and
secretly
nourish'd
in
his
bosom
an
implacable
hatred
,
both
to
his
Person
and
Name
;
instigated
therefore
with
this
accursed
passion
,
he
writ
to
the
Archbishop
of
Bordeaux
(
who
was
no
better
inclin'd
to
the
Duke
)
that
it
was
to
be
prov'd
,
the
Duke
himself
had
been
the
Author
of
all
these
Commotions
;
that
it
was
he
who
had
so
long
fomented
them
,
and
that
he
would
again
revive
them
whenever
he
thought
it
convenient
so
to
do
,
for
the
promoting
of
his
own
Authority
in
the
Province
,
and
to
get
himself
a
Reputation
at
Court
.
He
had
not
always
writ
after
this
manner
,
but
on
the
contrary
,
after
the
action
of
the
Barricades
,
the
15
of
Iune
,
compell'd
to
it
by
the
vertue
of
Truth
,
which
will
dart
her
Rays
through
the
darkest
Clouds
of
Malevolence
and
Envy
,
he
had
writ
to
Monsieur
de
la
Vrilliere
,
Secretary
of
State
,
with
whom
he
had
a
particular
Familiarity
and
Correspondence
,
a
Letter
that
was
sent
to
the
Duke
,
containing
these
words
.
SIR
,
If
you
be
curious
to
know
what
pass'd
here
upon
Friday
last
,
I
send
you
this
short
,
and
true
Account
of
it
,
as
I
could
inform
my self
from
the
best
hands
.
This
Action
of
our
Governour
was
very
great
,
and
perform'd
with
great
Bravery
,
Judgment
,
and
Fortune
:
had
any
sinister
Action
befallen
him
,
we
had
all
been
lost
,
and
for
my
part
I
cannot
but
highly
esteem
him
.
I
have
nothing
more
at
present
,
but
that
,
&c.
From
Bordeaux
the
18
th
.
of
Iune
1635.
But
if
he
had
in
the
beginning
so
highly
applauded
this
Action
,
he
had
with
no
less
malignity
censur'd
the
sequel
of
it
,
and
the
sinister
interpretation
he
put
upon
the
Duke
's
good
intentions
,
wrought
so
much
the
greater
effect
,
by
how
much
they
fell
upon
a
spirit
dispos'd
of
old
,
and
of
it self
to
convert
to
ill
,
what
god
soever
could
come
from
the
Duke's
side
.
The
Archbishop
therefore
with
open
Arms
embrac'd
this
new
occasion
of
doing
him
a
new
mischief
;
he
spoke
of
it
to
Cardinal
Richelieu
,
of
whom
he
easily
obtain'd
order
to
write
to
Briet
,
as
he
also
did
,
that
he
might
promise
both
impunity
,
and
reward
to
such
as
should
prove
the
Duke
of
Espernon
to
be
the
Author
of
these
Disorders
.
The
Archbishop's
Letters
to
Briet
,
which
were
intercepted
,
spoke
in
these
terms
,
and
in
others
far
more
odious
than
these
.
Briet
having
receiv'd
this
Order
,
caus'd
the
Host
of
the
Petit
More
,
the
first
,
and
one
of
the
chiefest
Ring-leaders
,
that
had
appear'd
in
this
Sedition
,
to
be
temper'd
withal
,
causing
him
to
be
often
spoken
to
,
and
tempted
by
one
of
his
own
Domesticks
,
who
was
very
familiar
with
him
:
but
the
Fellow
,
what
promises
soever
they
could
make
him
,
The
honesty
of
one
of
the
Mutineers
.
would
never
be
corrupted
into
so
foul
a
practice
;
and
the
Duke
's
good
Fortune
would
have
it
,
that
there
was
honesty
enough
in
this
man
to
secure
him
from
those
dangers
,
wherein
persons
of
a
much
more
eminent
condition
would
otherwise
have
involv'd
him
.
The
Duke
as
yet
knew
nothing
of
the
Mischief
that
was
brewing
against
him
;
but
on
the
contrary
,
relying
upon
the
merit
of
his
Services
,
and
the
acknowledgment
the
King
had
made
him
hope
for
in
all
his
dispatches
,
he
had
never
liv'd
at
greater
ease
in
his
Government
,
than
he
thought
he
might
expect
to
do
for
the
time
to
come
.
In
his
Majesties
Dispatch
of
the
last
of
Iune
,
he
writ
to
the
Duke
these
words
.
Cousin
,
I
understand
by
your
Letters
of
the
17
th
.
and
nineteenth
instant
,
and
by
the
Relation
annex'd
unto
them
,
besides
the
Account
I
receiv'd
from
the
Sieur
de
Magnas
,
the
Disorders
that
have
hapned
in
my
City
of
Bordeaux
;
whose
ill
example
has
also
produc'd
the
like
Insurrections
in
several
other
Cities
,
and
places
of
my
Province
of
Guienne
:
which
I
conceive
to
be
of
so
high
importance
,
that
,
had
not
powerful
and
speedy
Remedies
been
seasonably
applyed
,
worse
and
more
dangerous
Consequences
were
yet
to
be
fear'd
;
as
it
had
doubtless
fall'n
out
in
my
said
City
of
Bordeaux
,
if
by
your
wonted
Bravery
,
and
Wisdom
,
you
had
not
oppos'd
the
Torrent
of
that
Mutinous
People
.
And
as
all
the
Accounts
have
been
given
me
of
that
business
,
as
well
by
the
Principal
Officers
of
my
said
City
,
as
other
my
Servants
agree
in
this
,
That
your
Valour
,
together
with
your
Zeal
and
Affection
to
my
Service
,
have
been
equally
eminent
upon
this
occasion
;
so
can
I
not
omit
to
assure
you
,
that
I
am
so
highly
satisfied
with
your
behaviour
,
that
no
opportunity
shall
ever
present
it self
,
wherein
I
may
manifest
my
sence
of
your
good
Service
in
this
Affair
,
by
the
effects
of
my
Favour
and
Affect
on
,
but
you
shall
find
me
very
ready
to
embrace
it
:
which
the
Sieur
de
Magnas
shall
the
more
expressly
confirm
to
you
on
my
behalf
,
&c.
The
Duke
's
other
performances
upon
this
occasion
receiv'd
from
his
Majesty
the
same
Approbation
,
and
Applause
,
and
in
all
apparence
he
ought
to
rest
very
well
satisfied
with
the
Acknowledgment
his
Majesty
was
pleas'd
to
profess
;
when
on
a
sudden
,
and
without
dreaming
in
the
least
of
any
such
matter
,
he
saw
himself
reduc'd
to
the
necessity
of
a
Justification
.
He
did
not
however
do
it
after
the
submiss
and
abject
manner
of
a
guilty
man
;
but
on
the
contrary
,
confident
in
the
security
of
a
good
Conscience
,
he
had
no
sooner
notice
of
the
aspersion
had
been
cast
upon
him
;
but
that
he
sent
away
immediately
to
the
King
,
to
demand
his
Majesties
Justice
,
and
writ
to
the
Cardinal
himself
,
complaining
,
that
some
persons
had
made
use
of
his
name
to
suborn
false
Witnesses
,
to
the
prejudice
of
him
,
and
his
Honour
.
The
King
granted
him
his
desire
,
permitting
him
to
prosecute
his
satisfaction
on
in
the
Parliament
of
Paris
;
and
the
Cardinal
,
after
having
utterly
deny'd
the
giving
of
any
Order
to
the
prejudice
of
the
Duke's
Interests
,
or
that
he
ever
doubted
of
his
Candour
,
and
the
sincerity
of
his
intentions
,
writ
him
an
answer
in
these
words
.
My
Lord
,
I
have
receiv'd
the
Letter
you
was
pleas'd
to
send
me
,
Cardinal
Richelieu's
civil
Letter
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
and
conferr'd
with
Mounsieur
de
Magnas
,
about
the
occasion
of
his
Journey
;
in
answer
whereunto
I
have
nothing
to
return
,
but
this
,
that
neither
the
King
,
nor
any
of
his
Servants
,
have
ever
doubted
in
the
least
of
the
sincerity
of
your
affection
to
his
Service
,
or
of
your
passion
to
the
prosperity
of
his
Affairs
;
or
that
you
had
in
the
late
business
of
Guienne
,
any
other
,
than
the
same
desires
with
his
Majesty
,
and
his
Council
;
for
which
I
shall
ever
very
willingly
be
your
Caution
.
If
any
persons
have
reported
otherwise
,
they
must
have
done
it
meerly
out
of
design
to
vex
you
,
and
not
that
they
could
themselves
believe
it
;
it
being
not
to
be
imagin'd
,
that
any
one
can
be
so
sensless
,
who
knowing
what
has
hapned
at
Bordeaux
,
and
how
you
have
behav'd
your self
in
those
disorders
,
can
possibly
doubt
,
that
you
did
not
upon
that
occasion
contribute
all
that
in
you
lay
,
or
that
could
be
expected
from
your
Vigilancy
,
and
Valour
to
the
security
of
the
Province
.
I
do
therefore
conjure
you
to
set
your
heart
at
rest
,
for
any
thing
of
that
kind
;
and
to
believe
that
neither
the
King
,
nor
any
of
his
Servants
,
who
have
the
honour
to
be
about
him
,
can
possibly
either
upon
this
,
or
any
other
occasion
,
entertain
the
least
thought
to
your
prejudice
.
His
Majesty
has
caus'd
the
Sieur
de
Briet
to
be
sent
unto
to
come
speedily
hither
,
&c.
The
Cardinal
could
not
in
truth
have
writ
to
the
Duke
after
a
more
obliging
manner
,
or
have
carried
himself
more
civilly
to
him
,
than
he
did
at
the
beginning
of
this
Affair
;
permitting
Justice
to
be
executed
upon
the
fellow
Briet
had
employ'd
to
corrupt
the
Petit
More
,
who
by
Sentence
of
Parliament
was
condemn'd
to
make
the
Duke
honourable
satisfaction
,
and
with
a
Torch
in
his
hand
,
and
a
Halter
about
his
Neck
in
his
Shirt
,
to
be
Carted
through
the
City
of
Bordeaux
,
The
Duke
receives
some
satisfaction
.
and
to
serve
ten
years
in
the
Gallies
,
which
was
accordingly
executed
upon
him
:
but
when
it
came
to
the
business
of
Briet
himself
,
who
had
reason
to
apprehend
the
issue
of
his
cause
,
since
he
who
had
only
been
the
Instrument
of
the
Mischief
,
whereof
he
had
been
the
Contriver
,
had
been
so
roughly
handled
,
the
Cardinal
interpos'd
his
Interest
with
the
Parliament
in
his
behalf
;
who
having
once
appear'd
in
his
favour
,
his
Power
had
so
great
an
Ascendant
over
all
other
Powers
,
how
great
soever
in
the
Kingdom
,
that
it
was
impossible
upon
this
occasion
to
obtain
Justice
contrary
to
his
will
and
pleasure
;
so
that
the
Duke
notwithstanding
all
the
Importunities
he
could
after
use
,
could
never
obtain
from
Briet
the
least
Reparation
.
But
not
full
.
If
the
Duke
was
wounded
to
have
this
Justice
deny'd
him
,
in
so
publick
and
so
sensible
a
wrong
,
he
was
no
less
afflicted
at
the
Order
he
soon
after
receiv'd
,
to
permit
that
Briet
might
come
,
and
execute
the
Functions
of
his
Office
in
Parliament
,
in
all
security
and
freedom
:
He
had
expected
at
least
that
he
should
be
detain'd
at
Paris
,
and
that
his
Majesty
would
have
had
that
complacency
to
his
just
indignation
,
as
to
have
remov'd
so
hateful
an
object
from
his
sight
.
But
he
saw
very
plainly
,
that
the
Cardinal
was
the
Author
of
this
Command
:
He
knew
also
very
well
,
how
dangerous
a
thing
it
was
,
either
to
contradict
,
or
provoke
him
.
But
how
great
soever
his
Credit
might
be
,
the
violent
effects
whereof
he
had
already
felt
,
he
would
notwithstanding
never
submit
to
his
will
,
nor
lay
down
the
Animosity
he
had
justly
taken
up
against
a
person
from
whom
he
had
receiv'd
so
irreparable
an
Offence
.
Whilst
the
Duke
was
perplex'd
with
these
troublesome
Affairs
,
The
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
sent
at
the
head
of
a
great
Army
into
Germany
.
both
in
his
own
Government
,
and
at
Court
,
the
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
his
Son
had
been
employ'd
in
the
conduct
of
the
greatest
Army
his
Majesty
had
at
that
time
on
foot
;
the
Command
whereof
was
equally
divided
betwixt
Duke
Veimar
and
him
.
And
if
the
Jealousie
of
our
Confederates
(
who
had
oblig'd
our
two
Generals
to
enter
a
good
way
into
Germany
to
their
Succour
)
had
not
bounded
their
Conquests
,
it
is
most
certain
they
had
made
a
very
considerable
progress
into
this
mighty
Empire
.
But
those
who
had
implor'd
their
assistance
,
choosing
rather
to
be
left
weak
,
as
they
were
,
than
to
see
the
French
Name
rais'd
to
a
greater
height
of
Glory
,
and
Reputation
,
by
the
Victories
they
would
infallibly
have
obtain'd
over
those
of
their
own
Nation
,
it
was
impossible
to
perswade
them
to
joyn
their
Forces
with
ours
.
By
which
tergiversation
,
if
(
as
they
did
)
they
depriv'd
our
Generals
of
the
advantages
they
might
reasonably
expect
,
it
was
also
to
make
them
acquire
the
honour
of
so
brave
a
Retreat
,
as
might
justly
be
rank'd
with
the
most
famous
Victories
.
Our
Army
,
being
advanc'd
a
great
way
into
Germany
,
had
all
the
Forces
of
the
Emperour
pour'd
upon
them
;
in
which
condition
they
had
not
only
the
Rhine
,
but
several
other
Rivers
also
,
and
difficult
passes
to
go
over
,
A
brave
Retreat
of
the
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
.
and
break
through
,
before
they
could
return
into
their
own
Countrey
.
Which
notwithstanding
they
did
,
with
their
Swords
in
their
hands
;
neither
the
incommodities
of
the
ways
,
nor
the
interposition
of
the
Enemy
,
being
able
to
stop
them
:
so
that
they
fought
eight
days
together
almost
without
intermission
,
leaving
the
ways
,
by
which
they
made
their
retreat
,
much
more
remarkable
by
the
blood
of
their
Enemies
,
than
by
that
of
their
own
Souldiers
.
Though
the
mouths
of
all
men
were
full
of
the
praise
of
this
Action
,
that
the
Court
appear'd
to
be
infinitely
satisfied
with
it
,
and
that
the
Duke
himself
from
all
parts
receiv'd
congratulatory
applauses
of
so
great
an
exploit
in
the
person
of
his
Son
;
The
Duke
dissatisfied
that
the
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
his
Son
should
follow
the
profession
of
Arms.
he
had
notwithstanding
much
rather
this
Son
,
advanc'd
into
the
Church
by
his
Learning
,
Birth
,
and
Fortune
to
so
eminent
a
degree
of
Dignity
,
and
Reputation
,
should
wholly
have
apply'd
himself
to
her
Service
,
than
that
he
should
expose
so
dear
a
Life
to
so
dangerous
a
Profession
.
He
ever
apprehended
it
would
be
fatal
to
him
,
and
therefore
had
done
all
he
could
to
disswade
him
from
it
,
employing
to
that
end
the
endeavours
of
several
his
most
intimate
Friends
and
Servants
:
but
all
in
vain
,
either
the
humour
of
the
Time
,
the
inclination
of
his
Son
,
the
necessity
of
his
Destiny
,
or
all
together
still
prevailing
with
him
,
above
the
fears
or
foresight
of
so
affectionate
a
Father
.
The
Duke
arriv'd
now
at
an
extreme
old
Age
,
worn
out
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon
falls
dangerously
sick
.
and
spent
with
the
labours
he
had
undergone
during
these
Commotions
,
and
the
Vexations
that
had
succeeded
,
was
again
in
the
beginning
of
Winter
seiz'd
by
a
very
troublesome
,
and
very
violent
Disease
.
This
season
,
for
several
years
,
had
never
pass'd
over
,
without
producing
strange
alterations
in
his
health
;
insomuch
that
he
would
often
say
,
he
perceiv'd
in
the
end
it
would
do
his
business
,
and
that
he
could
not
long
defend
himself
against
two
Winters
at
once
,
that
of
Age
,
and
that
of
the
Season
;
as
it
indeed
fell
out
.
At
this
time
every
one
despair'd
of
his
Life
,
and
the
report
of
his
Death
,
that
was
spread
in
all
parts
,
follow'd
a
few
days
after
with
the
certain
news
of
his
Recovery
;
having
astonish'd
all
the
world
,
that
now
scarce
pass'd
any
longer
for
raillery
,
which
had
so
pleasantly
been
said
,
That
he
had
out-liv'd
the
Age
of
dying
.
In
truth
all
Forein
Parts
,
having
for
the
space
of
threescore
and
eight
,
or
threescore
and
ten
years
been
continually
full
of
the
great
Name
of
Espernon
,
finding
him
still
in
their
Gazetts
,
one
while
taking
Towns
,
another
in
the
head
of
Armies
;
now
Triumphing
,
and
again
in
Disgrace
:
but
ever
in
some
great
and
illustrious
Occasion
;
Strangers
conceiv'd
of
him
,
that
this
must
be
the
Grand-child
of
that
Duke
of
Espernon
,
who
had
been
the
Favourite
of
Henry
the
III.
of
France
,
and
could
not
perswade
themselves
that
the
lives
of
two
men
could
furnish
this
History
with
so
many
important
Actions
.
The
Duke
,
whilst
he
was
yet
sick
,
Anno
1636.
and
even
in
the
worst
of
his
Sickness
,
had
an
inckling
of
some
designs
the
Spaniard
had
upon
several
Frontiers
of
this
Kingdom
,
and
particularly
upon
those
of
his
own
Government
;
of
which
to
be
better
assur'd
,
he
was
careful
to
send
thither
such
persons
,
The
Spaniard
m●kes
preparation
to
invade
Guienne
.
as
were
capable
of
discovery
,
and
as
he
durst
trust
,
to
bring
him
true
intelligence
of
what
pass'd
amongst
our
Neighbours
abroad
.
By
these
Spies
he
understood
that
all
the
Frontiers
of
Arragon
,
Biscay
,
Guipuscoa
,
and
other
finitimous
Provinces
of
Spain
,
had
order
to
make
Preparation
of
Arms
,
and
were
to
set
out
a
certain
number
of
Souldiers
by
an
appointed
day
:
That
to
these
Provincial
Forces
they
would
moreover
adde
several
standing
Regiments
,
and
of
both
together
to
make
up
a
considerable
Body
.
Of
all
which
the
Duke
was
so
precisely
inform'd
,
that
he
did
not
only
know
the
number
of
men
,
but
even
the
names
of
all
the
Captains
who
were
to
Command
them
.
Neither
did
he
fail
to
send
the
King
an
Account
of
the
Intelligence
he
had
receiv'd
:
The
Co●rt
neglects
the
Duke's
Intelligence
,
but
our
great
Ministers
were
so
taken
up
with
other
nearer
,
and
more
immediate
Affairs
,
that
they
were
not
much
concern'd
at
a
danger
two
hundred
Leagues
from
Paris
.
They
therefore
contented
themselves
with
writing
to
the
duke
,
that
he
should
cause
Bayonne
(
the
place
that
was
principally
threatned
)
to
be
fortified
at
the
Charge
of
the
Inhabitants
;
and
as
to
the
rest
,
that
he
was
by
his
Wisdom
,
and
Interest
,
to
provide
for
all
things
within
the
Precincts
of
his
Command
.
These
Orders
so
general
,
and
of
so
vast
a
Latitude
,
had
formerly
been
the
fullest
Commissions
the
Romans
were
wont
to
give
their
Generals
in
the
greatest
necessities
of
Publick
Danger
:
but
they
were
in
our
times
the
narrowest
,
and
the
most
limited
that
could
possibly
be
granted
,
who
had
the
King's
Interest
committed
to
their
Trust.
There
were
,
already
others
establish'd
by
Law
,
which
no
one
without
being
Criminal
was
to
exceed
,
and
those
were
,
That
no
one
should
make
Leavies
,
either
of
Men
,
or
Mony
,
without
Order
by
Letters
Patents
from
the
Council
:
That
no
one
should
mount
Artillery
,
or
take
necessary
Arms
out
of
the
Arsenals
,
without
special
Order
so
to
do
.
So
that
all
the
Power
of
the
Kingdom
,
residing
in
the
persons
of
the
Prime
Ministers
,
no
Governour
could
make
use
of
his
own
,
without
incurring
the
danger
of
Censure
.
The
Duke
knowing
,
that
in
the
evil
disposition
the
Court
then
was
as
towards
him
,
this
was
only
a
device
to
make
him
run
into
some
error
,
that
might
draw
the
King's
Indignation
upon
him
,
wisely
fear'd
to
be
involv'd
in
those
Calamities
,
under
which
,
for
Causes
light
enough
in
themselves
,
he
had
seen
men
of
great
Quality
,
and
Merit
to
perish
,
was
not
easie
to
be
trap'd
that
way
.
He
therefore
again
writ
to
the
King
for
more
precise
Orders
in
occurrences
that
might
happen
,
and
in
those
dangers
he
had
humbly
represented
to
him
;
and
in
the
end
,
with
much
importunity
,
And
provides
very
slenderly
●or
the
defence
of
the
Frontiers
.
obtain'd
Order
to
send
an
Engineer
to
Bayonne
,
to
see
it
fortified
as
far
as
forty
thousand
Livers
would
extend
;
the
one
half
whereof
was
to
be
rais'd
out
of
his
Majesties
Revenue
,
and
the
other
upon
the
Inhabitants
of
the
place
.
The
Duke
,
seeing
he
could
obtain
no
more
,
did
as
he
was
commanded
,
and
began
some
Fortifications
,
which
the
want
of
money
caus'd
to
be
left
imperfect
,
and
by
that
means
the
Town
left
in
a
weaker
condition
,
than
if
nothing
had
been
done
at
all
.
This
Affair
,
which
at
this
time
was
the
only
one
of
moment
in
the
Province
,
being
put
into
this
forwardness
,
the
Duke
conceiv'd
he
had
now
leisure
to
look
a
little
after
the
recovery
of
his
own
health
;
which
that
he
might
do
at
better
convenience
,
and
greater
vacancy
,
from
the
perpetual
distraction
of
the
Affairs
of
the
Province
,
he
humbly
intreated
the
King
to
give
him
leave
for
a
few
days
to
retire
himself
to
Plassac
,
to
the
end
he
might
at
greater
liberty
make
use
of
those
remedies
,
that
were
proper
for
his
Disease
.
The
King
without
any
difficulty
,
and
in
very
favourable
terms
,
granted
his
so
just
request
:
whereupon
he
accordingly
in
the
beginning
of
May
came
to
his
House
of
Plassac
,
but
it
was
to
make
a
very
short
stay
,
he
being
scarcely
there
arriv'd
,
but
that
he
receiv'd
Order
to
return
speedily
into
Guienne
,
to
look
after
the
Affairs
,
that
very
much
requir'd
his
Presence
there
.
The
great
Preparations
that
were
every
where
making
by
the
Enemies
of
France
,
to
invade
it
,
obliging
him
to
provide
also
for
his
defence
;
as
he
did
,
and
that
so
well
,
as
in
the
end
turn'd
all
their
designs
to
their
own
confusion
.
There
never
perhaps
in
this
Kingdom
had
been
more
to
do
for
the
great
men
of
it
,
than
at
this
time
;
and
as
the
Government
of
Guienne
by
its
vast
extent
,
made
up
one
of
the
most
important
,
and
considerable
Members
of
the
State
;
so
did
it
consequently
produce
for
its
Governour
,
so
many
,
and
so
various
Affairs
,
that
it
is
to
be
wondred
at
,
a
man
of
so
extreme
an
Age
could
undergo
so
many
,
and
so
continual
labours
.
The
first
thing
the
Duke
did
after
his
return
into
the
Province
(
which
was
in
the
latter
end
of
May
)
was
to
execute
an
Express
Commission
had
been
directed
to
him
from
the
King
,
for
the
enrolling
the
[
](A42794-e95010-b)*
*
A
Statute
of
Augmentation
.
Edict
de
Cr●e
,
newly
pass'd
by
his
Majesty
,
for
the
addition
of
one
President
,
and
twelve
Counsellors
to
the
Parliament
of
Bordeaux
.
This
Affair
could
not
pass
without
encountring
several
Difficulties
,
all
the
other
Parliaments
of
France
were
charg'd
with
the
same
Augmentations
proportionably
to
the
extent
of
their
several
Jurisdictions
;
this
being
therefore
a
common
interest
amongst
so
many
men
of
condition
,
it
begat
also
a
great
correspondency
amonst
them
to
oppose
it
.
The
King
having
foreseen
,
and
expected
all
these
obstacles
from
the
Parliament
of
Bordeaux
,
thought
fit
to
invest
the
Duke
with
as
much
Authority
,
as
he
could
himself
desire
to
overcome
them
;
wherein
his
Majesty
,
and
those
of
his
Council
doubted
not
,
but
that
he
would
with
great
alacrity
put
all
his
Orders
into
severe
Execution
:
they
knew
very
well
that
there
had
been
perpetual
feuds
betwixt
him
,
and
that
Assembly
,
and
,
as
it
usually
falls
out
,
design'd
to
make
their
own
advantage
of
those
Divisions
:
but
the
Duke
taking
a
quite
contrary
course
in
this
Affair
,
than
what
they
had
expected
at
Court
,
satisfied
himself
with
only
giving
the
Parliament
to
understand
what
,
should
it
come
to
the
push
,
he
had
power
to
do
,
in
case
the
King
should
not
be
obey'd
;
exhorting
them
withal
by
their
Wisdoms
to
prevent
,
what
he
for
his
part
would
avoid
,
as
far
as
was
consistent
with
his
Duty
;
and
remonstrating
to
them
,
that
in
a
concern
of
this
kind
,
they
should
not
find
him
any
ways
to
act
by
his
own
particular
passion
;
neither
would
he
either
use
,
or
abuse
the
King's
Name
to
satisfie
his
own
Resentments
.
This
discreet
,
and
moderate
way
of
proceeding
,
having
in
time
wrought
upon
some
spirits
,
that
a
more
violent
course
might
perhaps
have
provok'd
into
more
untoward
resolutions
,
succeeded
so
well
,
that
by
this
means
he
procur'd
a
very
considerable
assistance
to
the
advancement
of
his
Majesties
Affairs
;
and
that
even
with
the
good
will
,
and
free
consent
of
the
Company
,
whose
interests
in
return
he
husbanded
,
upon
this
occasion
,
with
the
same
tenderness
,
and
care
,
as
if
they
had
effectually
been
his
own
.
At
the
same
time
that
these
Affairs
were
in
agitation
in
Guienne
,
the
Enemy
,
who
had
been
long
preparing
for
some
notable
Enterprize
,
was
now
ready
on
all
sides
to
invade
the
Kingdom
;
to
provide
therefore
for
the
necessary
expence
in
so
critical
an
occasion
(
all
ordinary
,
and
extraordinary
ways
besides
having
been
found
to
fall
short
)
the
King
was
constrain'd
to
lock
up
his
Treasure
from
all
other
Expences
,
which
did
not
directly
respect
the
War
:
so
that
all
the
great
men
of
the
Kingdom
saw
themselves
excluded
from
all
possibility
of
extracting
from
thence
their
Entertainments
,
Pensions
,
or
other
Assignments
of
right
belonging
,
and
annex'd
unto
their
several
Offices
,
and
Commands
.
To
supply
which
defect
,
part
of
these
expences
were
thrown
upon
the
people
;
they
began
at
least
to
impose
upon
them
the
Entertainments
of
the
Governours
of
Provinces
to
be
Leavied
upon
them
,
by
Commissions
of
the
[
](A42794-e95080-b)*
*
Taxes
,
or
Imposts
.
Taille
.
Bullion
,
Sur-Intendant
of
the
Finances
,
who
profess'd
a
particular
Friendship
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
and
pretended
to
be
very
solicitous
of
his
Interests
,
offer'd
him
one
of
these
Impositions
for
the
payment
of
his
Salary
;
advising
him
moreover
,
that
out
of
this
stock
he
should
pay
himself
●everal
Arrears
that
were
due
to
him
:
but
the
Duke
rejected
the
proposition
,
with
a
generosity
never
enough
to
be
commended
;
sending
him
word
,
That
having
for
above
threescore
years
serv'd
the
Kings
of
France
,
A
rare
example
of
the
Duke's
love
to
the
people
.
without
ever
touching
peny
of
the
Assignations
they
had
pleas'd
to
think
him
▪
worthy
of
,
excepting
what
came
immediately
out
of
the
Exchequer
,
he
would
not
begin
towards
his
latter
end
,
to
extract
a
subsistence
out
of
the
poor
and
miserable
people
,
he
saw
every
day
perish
before
his
eyes
for
want
of
Bread
:
That
being
plac'd
in
his
Government
to
serve
the
King
,
and
to
govern
his
People
,
it
was
from
the
Master
he
serv'd
,
and
not
from
those
he
commanded
,
that
he
was
to
expect
his
Reward
:
That
he
had
much
rather
be
reduc'd
to
the
bare
Revenue
of
his
own
Estate
,
than
to
see
his
Name
in
the
Excise
Office
,
or
his
Table
furnish'd
out
at
the
price
of
the
Poor
.
Such
as
solicited
his
business
for
him
at
Court
,
to
render
him
more
facile
to
their
perswasions
,
represented
to
him
the
example
of
all
the
other
great
men
of
the
Kingdom
,
as
well
Princes
as
others
,
who
they
said
received
now
not
one
farthing
any
other
way
:
But
all
would
not
prevail
;
he
returning
answer
,
That
he
did
not
take
upon
him
to
condemn
any
one
for
so
doing
,
but
that
he
did
not
nevertheless
conceive
himself
oblig'd
to
follow
the
Examples
of
any
whomsoever
;
and
that
he
had
much
rather
undergo
the
imputation
of
Singularity
,
in
doing
a
thing
he
thought
to
be
just
,
than
to
do
the
contrary
in
imitation
of
all
the
world
besides
.
And
indeed
he
continued
to
the
last
so
constant
in
this
noble
,
and
generous
Resolution
,
that
he
never
after
receiv'd
one
peny
of
any
of
his
Assignments
,
not
so
much
as
of
those
that
were
due
for
the
year
before
:
So
that
at
his
Death
he
had
near
upon
seven
years
Arrears
due
to
him
,
amounting
to
above
five
hundred
thousand
Livers
:
By
which
it
may
be
judg'd
how
much
his
strongest
inclinations
(
for
I
cannot
deny
but
that
he
was
exceedingly
close
handed
in
very
many
things
)
gave
place
to
Interests
,
wherein
his
Honour
was
concern'd
,
If
in
this
particular
he
was
so
solicitous
of
easing
the
King's
Subjects
that
were
under
his
Government
,
even
to
the
prejudice
of
his
own
Interests
;
he
was
no
less
careful
to
keep
them
within
the
just
limits
of
their
Obedience
,
and
Duty
.
The
gathering
in
of
the
Tailles
was
at
this
time
a
matter
of
so
great
difficulty
,
that
in
several
neighbouring
Provinces
,
as
in
Poictou
,
Xaintonge
,
and
in
Angoumois
,
the
people
were
in
manifest
Rebellion
.
The
Duke
determinately
oppos'd
himself
against
this
ill
example
,
and
would
never
tolerate
the
least
Disobedience
to
his
Majesties
Royal
Pleasure
;
a
strictness
that
being
for
their
licencious
Constitutions
,
or
at
least
in
their
Opinions
too
severe
,
made
the
people
no
less
murmur
at
him
,
for
being
too
rough
,
than
he
was
censur'd
at
Court
for
being
too
indulgent
:
But
he
was
no
more
mov'd
with
Complaints
of
the
one
,
than
the
Jealousie
of
the
other
;
and
his
own
satisfaction
being
his
only
Object
,
he
did
not
much
regard
any
other
,
than
what
he
found
in
his
own
Conscience
.
Though
the
Duke's
mind
was
taken
up
with
so
many
Affairs
of
great
difficulty
,
and
trouble
,
he
had
yet
so
much
room
left
there
,
as
to
allow
something
to
his
own
particular
resentments
,
which
would
ever
upon
occasion
crowd
in
for
a
place
with
the
Publick
Concerns
.
The
Duke
for
all
the
injuries
he
had
receiv'd
of
Briet
,
would
take
no
other
revenge
,
but
only
to
put
him
into
a
fright
.
The
impunity
of
Briet
,
and
the
liberty
had
been
granted
to
him
again
to
execute
his
Office
in
the
Parliament
of
Bordeaux
,
before
his
face
,
and
as
it
were
in
defiance
of
him
,
was
insupportable
to
such
a
spirit
,
as
that
he
was
possess'd
withal
;
so
that
,
what
command
soever
the
King
had
been
pleas'd
to
lay
upon
him
,
to
permit
him
so
to
do
,
it
was
impossible
for
him
to
pay
his
Majesty
that
chearful
Obedience
in
this
,
he
did
in
all
other
occasions
.
To
which
indigestive
humour
of
his
,
his
Animosity
(
but
too
just
in
it self
)
being
every
day
exasperated
more
,
and
more
by
new
Provocations
;
he
,
in
the
end
,
was
no
longer
able
so
to
conquer
his
passion
;
but
that
his
patience
,
being
wounded
to
the
last
degree
,
must
of
necessity
overflow
all
bounds
of
moderation
,
and
proceed
to
some
effects
of
Revenge
;
so
disproportionate
nevertheless
to
the
Injuries
he
had
receiv'd
,
that
if
on
the
one
side
he
was
frugal
of
his
own
Conscience
in
sparing
the
Blood
of
an
Enemy
,
he
was
not
however
excus'd
from
the
blame
of
undertaking
,
and
that
with
great
bustle
and
noise
,
a
thing
of
little
,
or
no
moment
,
and
that
notwithstanding
had
like
to
have
turn'd
very
much
to
his
own
prejudice
.
After
therefore
the
Duke
had
rejected
the
proposal
of
one
of
his
own
Souldiers
,
who
offer'd
to
stab
Briet
,
and
to
do
it
after
such
a
manner
,
that
he
could
never
be
suspected
for
the
Murther
;
he
commanded
four
of
his
Foot●
men
to
kill
his
Coach-Horses
in
the
open
Street
.
This
Command
was
executed
one
day
,
that
Briet
was
returning
out
of
the
City
to
his
own
House
;
when
his
Coach-man
being
assaulted
by
these
four
Foot-men
,
they
first
pull'd
him
out
of
his
Coach-box
,
and
afterwards
thrust
their
Swords
into
the
Flancks
of
the
Horses
;
whereupon
the
poor
Beasts
enrag'd
with
the
smart
of
their
Wounds
,
ran
away
full
speed
,
hurrying
the
Coach
,
and
their
Master
in
it
three
or
four
hundred
paces
along
the
Streets
,
till
at
last
,
at
one
and
the
same
instant
,
upon
the
pavement
they
fell
down
,
and
dy'd
.
Briet
,
who
had
at
first
been
terribly
frighted
with
the
sight
of
the
Swords
,
was
not
much
less
afraid
of
his
Horses
precipitous
Career
,
which
was
also
all
the
harm
he
receiv'd
;
the
Coach
stop'd
,
and
overturn'd
at
the
death
of
the
Horses
,
giving
him
time
to
come
out
,
half
dead
with
Fear
,
and
to
retire
to
his
own
House
.
The
Parliament
of
Bordeaux
interest
themselves
in
the
affront
offer'd
to
Bri●t
.
The
Relation
of
this
business
was
immediately
carried
to
the
Duke
,
which
shadow
of
Revenge
was
to
him
matter
of
entertainment
,
and
laughter
for
an
hour
after
:
But
the
Parliament
took
it
after
a
quite
contrary
manner
,
who
offended
to
the
height
at
the
Injury
done
to
one
of
their
Robe
,
the
next
day
assembled
their
several
Chambers
,
to
enquire
into
the
Fact
:
There
was
none
of
them
who
were
not
very
well
satisfied
with
the
Justice
of
the
Duke's
resentment
,
and
who
would
not
have
approv'd
of
his
Revenge
,
had
it
proceeded
a
great
deal
further
:
but
there
was
also
hardly
any
one
of
them
,
who
did
not
interest
himself
in
the
offence
offer'd
after
so
publick
a
manner
to
the
Dignity
,
and
Honour
of
the
Assembly
.
Without
doubt
the
business
would
have
gone
very
ill
with
the
Duke
,
had
matters
continued
upon
these
terms
,
and
those
of
the
Parliament
after
having
declar'd
themselves
Parties
,
remaining
still
Judges
,
would
neither
have
spar'd
the
Duke's
Footmen
,
nor
any
other
could
have
been
prov'd
concern'd
in
the
Action
;
they
had
already
prepossess'd
the
Cardinal
,
by
representing
to
him
,
that
neither
the
King's
Aut●ority
,
nor
that
of
his
Eminency
,
had
been
sufficient
to
protect
an
Officer
in
the
Execution
of
his
Duty
,
in
the
most
honourable
Body
of
the
Province
:
but
besides
that
the
Cardinal
(
ever
very
ill
satisfied
with
the
Duke
,
who
on
his
part
also
did
not
much
study
to
please
him
)
was
of
himself
sufficiently
dispos'd
to
do
him
a
mischief
,
had
not
the
occurrences
of
the
time
involv'd
the
Court
in
the
greatest
disorder
,
wherein
perhaps
it
had
ever
been
.
The
Enemy
,
after
having
long
threatned
the
Kingdom
,
was
in
the
end
with
a
powerful
Army
entred
into
Picardy
;
and
at
their
first
coming
had
carried
la
Capelle
,
and
le
Catelet
,
assaulted
Corbie
,
which
they
also
took
,
and
alarm'd
Paris
it self
to
such
a
degree
,
as
is
sufficiently
known
to
all
.
They
were
likewise
enter'd
into
Burgundy
,
and
were
preparing
for
the
like
attempt
upon
Languedoc
:
and
Guienne
was
not
to
be
spar'd
;
neither
was
it
a
little
while
after
:
So
that
the
great
Minister
,
wholly
taken
up
with
concerns
of
so
high
importance
,
had
no
leisure
to
look
after
the
Duke's
Affairs
;
neither
did
he
think
it
convenient
to
nettle
him
,
in
a
time
when
his
services
were
so
necessary
to
the
Kingdom
;
and
the
Chancellor
who
still
retain'd
his
old
affection
to
the
Duke's
Interests
,
seeing
himself
absolute
Master
of
this
business
,
concealing
it
from
the
Parliaments
knowledge
,
referr'd
it
to
the
ordinary
Justice
,
where
being
animated
with
very
little
passion
,
it
soon
fell
of
it self
.
At
this
time
of
all
others
the
Greatness
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
seems
especially
to
appear
,
The
great
Employments
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
Family
.
by
the
important
Employments
,
and
Commands
wherewith
his
whole
Family
were
invested
.
The
Duke
de
Candale
his
eldest
Son
was
Generalissimo
to
the
Armies
of
the
Republick
of
Venice
,
an
Ally
to
this
Crown
.
The
Duke
de
la
Valette
his
second
Son
,
was
in
the
Army
of
Picardy
,
wherein
though
he
had
not
in
truth
the
Principal
Command
(
the
Count
de
Soissons
being
General
there
)
yet
had
he
the
honour
to
be
chosen
out
by
the
King
,
to
infuse
life
,
and
vigour
into
that
Army
,
the
Souldiers
whereof
,
by
some
ill
successes
had
befall'n
them
,
being
exceedingly
dejected
,
which
were
the
express
terms
wherewith
his
Majesty
allur'd
him
to
that
Service
.
The
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
was
also
employ'd
against
Galas
in
Burgundy
,
into
which
Province
the
Enemy
being
entred
with
a
formidable
Army
,
had
already
made
some
Conquests
before
his
arrival
there
.
Mirebeau
had
been
taken
,
Saint
Iean
de
Laonne
was
besieg'd
,
and
the
best
Cities
of
the
Country
were
highly
threatned
;
the
fear
there
was
exceeding
great
,
and
the
danger
had
been
no
less
,
if
the
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
,
by
opposing
himself
to
their
designs
,
had
not
stop'd
the
progress
of
their
Arms.
He
fought
them
with
advantage
in
five
or
six
several
Engagements
,
and
without
ever
being
able
to
tempt
them
to
a
Battel
with
all
the
provocation
he
could
use
,
forc'd
them
in
the
end
to
retire
,
with
the
ruine
,
and
dissolution
of
their
whole
Army
,
that
unprofitably
mouldred
away
to
nothing
.
As
for
the
Father
,
his
business
lay
in
Guienne
,
a
Province
,
that
as
it
made
up
a
principal
part
of
the
Kingdom
,
of
how
great
utility
must
the
Service
necessarily
be
,
that
preserv'd
it
from
disorder
in
so
critical
a
time
?
A
thing
nevertheless
fortunately
effected
,
by
his
Wisdom
so
moderating
the
discontents
of
the
people
,
as
to
keep
them
in
so
dangerous
a
Juncture
of
Affairs
,
from
lashing
into
those
extremes
,
whereinto
by
their
former
behaviour
,
it
might
reasonably
be
apprehended
,
should
they
find
an
opportunity
of
this
nature
,
they
would
precipitously
run
.
This
was
indeed
one
of
the
most
important
,
The
〈…〉
Guienne
.
but
not
the
only
Service
he
did
the
King
upon
this
occasion
.
The
Spanish
Council
having
(
as
has
been
said
)
determin'd
to
invade
the
Kingdom
in
several
places
at
once
,
principally
hasted
to
enter
into
Guienne
;
to
come
to
which
Province
,
they
were
to
pass
through
the
Country
of
Labourt
(
which
is
that
of
Biscaye
)
and
by
the
way
highly
threatned
the
City
of
Bayonne
.
They
knew
very
well
the
Duke
of
Espernon
had
no
Forces
to
send
into
that
Country
;
neither
had
he
had
them
,
durst
he
indeed
have
done
it
,
without
the
consent
of
the
Inhabitants
;
lest
,
being
a
cholerick
,
and
impatient
people
,
as
they
naturally
are
,
any
thing
he
should
do
of
that
kind
,
out
of
care
to
preserve
them
,
should
put
them
upon
desperate
resolutions
,
and
make
them
wilfully
lose
themselves
.
They
had
before
they
came
so
despis'd
the
Enemies
Forces
,
that
they
would
not
endure
any
one
should
think
of
contributing
to
their
preservation
;
a
security
that
did
nor
a
little
afflict
the
Duke
,
who
had
been
of
old
acquainted
with
the
humour
of
this
people
,
and
knew
them
to
be
as
timorous
,
and
dejected
when
any
danger
was
near
at
hand
,
as
they
were
stout
and
haughty
,
when
it
was
remote
,
and
out
of
the
prospect
of
their
fear
.
Not
daring
therefore
to
rely
upon
the
valour
,
and
Fidelity
of
such
a
people
in
an
Affair
of
so
high
importance
,
and
moreover
importun'd
by
the
intelligence
he
receiv'd
from
all
parts
,
that
the
Enemy
was
ready
to
enter
the
Country
,
he
departed
from
Bordeaux
the
6
th
.
of
October
,
arriv'd
the
tenth
at
Nerac
,
and
the
sixteenth
a●
Bayonne
;
with
a
diligence
so
much
above
the
strength
of
a
man
of
his
Age
,
that
at
his
arrival
there
he
was
surpriz'd
with
a
sharp
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon
falls
●ick
at
Bayonne
.
and
a
dolorous
distemper
,
so
violent
a
Fever
accompanying
his
pain
,
that
for
some
days
his
Friends
,
and
Servants
knew
not
,
what
to
hope
would
be
the
issue
of
his
Disease
.
Though
the
Duke
had
with
him
no
other
Forces
,
save
only
his
Company
of
Gens
d'
Armes
,
his
Guards
,
and
an
hundred
or
sixscore
Gentlemen
Volunteers
,
he
notwithstanding
stuck
not
,
boldly
to
expose
his
Person
,
for
the
security
of
that
Frontier
,
in
the
preservation
whereof
consisted
the
safety
of
the
whole
Country
.
He
was
scarcely
there
arriv'd
,
when
the
people
came
running
in
crowds
with
news
that
the
Enemy
was
upon
the
point
to
enter
;
who
also
on
their
part
follow'd
the
intelligence
so
close
,
that
there
was
scarce
any
interval
betwixt
the
report
of
their
coming
,
and
their
being
come
.
The
Spanish
Army
enters
into
Biscay
.
The
Duke
,
though
exceedingly
ill
,
would
by
no
means
,
that
in
an
Affair
of
this
Consequence
they
should
conceal
any
thing
from
his
knowledge
;
neither
did
he
upon
the
first
intimation
fail
to
take
order
for
all
things
with
as
much
diligence
,
and
care
,
as
if
he
had
been
in
the
greatest
vigour
of
health
:
wherein
his
instructions
were
also
such
,
as
had
they
been
duly
executed
,
and
observ'd
,
the
Enemy
would
have
met
with
greater
difficulties
than
they
did
;
and
their
Entry
into
this
little
Country
,
though
open
on
all
sides
,
would
have
cost
them
,
both
more
time
,
and
more
blood
,
then
they
laid
out
upon
this
occasion
.
But
what
he
had
order'd
with
so
much
prudence
,
and
foresight
,
was
very
ill
obey'd
;
and
the
people
of
the
Country
no
sooner
saw
the
Enemy
appear
,
than
they
fled
before
them
,
none
of
their
Leaders
being
able
to
prevail
with
them
to
stand
,
or
so
much
as
once
to
face
about
in
any
place
of
what
advantage
soever
.
The
Duke
sometime
before
he
advanc'd
towards
this
Frontier
,
foreseeing
what
work
and
trouble
the
invasion
of
a
Forein
Army
was
likely
to
create
him
,
had
intreated
the
King
to
send
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
his
Son
,
who
also
had
the
Government
of
Guienne
settled
upon
him
in
reversion
,
to
his
assistance
;
who
accordingly
came
to
him
to
Bayonne
,
The
Duke
de
la
Valette
comes
to
his
Father
to
Bayonne
.
the
same
day
the
Enemy
entred
the
Country
,
and
who
having
,
as
he
pass'd
by
Bordeaux
,
heard
of
the
Sickness
of
the
Duke
his
Father
,
was
by
that
ill
news
oblig'd
to
take
Post
,
and
was
but
newly
alighted
when
intelligence
was
brought
,
that
the
Enemy
was
entring
,
and
that
thereupon
had
followed
a
great
confusion
amongst
our
own
people
.
The
Duke
at
this
news
was
not
a
little
distracted
,
betwixt
two
contrary
Passions
,
by
which
he
was
at
one
,
and
the
same
time
assaulted
,
either
of
paying
the
assistance
to
which
he
was
in
Nature
,
and
Duty
bound
,
to
a
good
and
languishing
Father
,
or
of
pursuing
what
his
Honour
,
and
Bravery
exacted
from
him
,
for
the
Service
of
his
Prince
,
and
Master
:
But
that
debate
betwixt
his
Piety
,
and
Honour
was
soon
determin'd
by
the
Father
himself
;
and
the
mutual
tenderness
they
had
for
one
another
was
soon
overcome
,
by
the
Affection
they
both
had
to
their
common
duty
.
It
was
in
the
close
of
the
Evening
when
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
arriv'd
at
Bayonne
,
and
the
night
was
no
sooner
pass'd
,
when
mounting
on
Horseback
with
some
persons
of
on
Condition
,
who
had
there
waited
in
expectation
of
his
coming
,
he
went
out
to
discover
the
Countenance
of
the
Enemy
:
but
neither
his
Presence
,
Exhortations
,
nor
Example
could
work
any
effect
upon
the
common
people
;
whose
Spirits
had
by
the
first
days
fright
been
so
strangely
subdu'd
,
that
it
was
impossible
to
raise
them
the
next
,
to
any
tolerable
degree
of
resolution
:
so
that
in
this
general
Consternation
,
all
he
could
possibly
do
was
to
retreat
without
disorder
,
which
also
was
not
to
be
done
without
a
very
great
deal
of
danger
.
The
Duke
de
la
Valette
engag'd
his
Person
so
far
to
make
good
this
Retreat
,
and
to
preserve
the
little
Honour
he
had
to
manage
in
this
Encounter
,
that
he
very
often
ran
a
very
great
hazard
of
his
life
,
and
certainly
expos'd
himself
more
,
than
he
was
any
way
oblig'd
to
do
,
when
being
in
the
end
retir'd
(
himself
always
the
last
man
)
he
commanded
la
Roche
Captain
of
the
Duke
his
Fathers
Guards
,
and
also
of
his
own
,
to
make
good
the
Bridge
(
which
separates
the
Bourg
of
Siboure
,
from
that
of
Saint
Iean
de
Luz
)
against
the
Enemy
that
follow'd
very
close
in
his
Rear
.
This
Order
was
not
to
be
executed
without
infinite
danger
,
but
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
well
enough
knew
,
that
he
,
to
whom
it
was
given
,
would
not
bely
his
former
Actions
;
neither
did
la
Roche
deceive
his
expectation
,
who
with
forty
Musketeers
only
which
he
had
under
his
Command
,
stop'd
the
torrent
of
a
Victorious
Army
,
and
after
having
kill'd
two
hundred
of
their
men
upon
the
place
,
amongst
whom
were
eight
or
ten
of
their
best
Officers
,
and
having
by
that
means
given
our
Foot
time
to
put
themselves
into
a
place
of
safety
,
after
he
had
sufficiently
manifested
his
own
Conduct
,
with
the
Valour
and
Dexterity
of
his
Souldiers
,
he
drew
up
the
Draw-Bridge
that
lay
over
the
middle
of
the
River
,
and
with
very
little
loss
retir'd
to
the
Duke
de
la
Valette's
Troop
,
who
staid
to
make
good
his
Retreat
.
After
this
manner
the
Spanish
Forces
possess'd
themselves
of
the
Country
of
Labourt
,
The
Spaniards
make
themselves
Masters
of
the
Country
of
Labourt
▪
and
take
the
Fort
of
Soc●a
without
resistance
.
and
our
men
were
no
sooner
retir'd
on
this
side
Saint
Iean
de
Luz
,
but
that
the
Enemy
seiz'd
it
,
and
the
same
day
presented
themselves
before
Socoa
.
This
Socoa
was
a
little
point
of
Land
,
jetting
out
into
the
Sea
,
convenient
,
and
proper
enough
for
Fortification
;
but
those
of
the
Country
would
never
consent
to
have
it
fortified
.
Which
notwithstanding
the
place
of
it self
was
of
so
advantageous
a
situation
,
that
they
had
ventur'd
to
put
into
it
two
hundred
Souldiers
;
who
having
had
leisure
to
cast
up
some
Works
,
made
a
countenance
before
the
arrival
of
the
Spanish
Army
,
there
bravely
to
defend
themselves
:
but
their
Resolution
was
of
no
long
continuance
,
the
fear
of
the
people
soon
infected
the
Souldier
;
and
some
Gentlemen
who
upon
other
occasions
had
given
testimony
of
their
Valour
,
having
been
appointed
to
command
them
,
were
so
unhappy
as
not
to
preserve
the
same
Reputation
here
.
So
that
to
be
short
,
contrary
to
the
opinion
of
the
two
Dukes
,
the
Father
,
and
the
Son
,
and
of
all
the
men
of
Command
about
them
,
the
place
was
deliver'd
up
without
the
least
resistance
,
and
the
Enemy
at
the
same
instant
there
fortified
themselves
.
It
is
not
to
be
believ'd
what
a
terror
the
entry
of
the
Spaniards
,
and
the
taking
of
Socoa
,
A
panick
fear
in
the
City
of
Bayonne
.
it
being
but
three
Leagues
distant
from
their
City
,
strook
into
the
Inhabitants
of
Bayonne
;
and
,
as
all
the
Passions
of
the
Populacy
are
extreme
,
they
in
a
moment
converted
the
absolute
assurance
,
wherewith
they
had
hitherto
flatter'd
themselves
into
a
most
infamous
,
and
immoderate
Fear
;
insomuch
that
had
not
the
Duke
been
present
in
the
City
,
it
had
doubtless
been
in
very
great
danger
to
be
lost
:
wherein
nevertheless
,
if
the
Kingdom
of
France
stood
highly
indebted
to
him
for
working
by
by
his
presence
so
good
an
effect
;
they
stood
little
less
oblig'd
to
the
Spanish
Gravity
,
and
Circumspection
,
whose
deliberate
way
of
proceeding
made
them
run
into
an
error
,
usually
committed
by
such
,
as
perswade
themselves
their
Enemies
are
provided
against
all
sorts
of
Accidents
.
For
his
cautious
Enemy
,
forbearing
out
of
this
belief
to
present
themselves
before
Bayonne
,
unfurnish'd
of
all
things
necessary
for
its
defence
,
gave
the
Duke
time
by
that
means
to
make
the
Inhabitants
reassume
their
former
courage
;
and
that
to
such
a
degree
,
as
from
the
despair
of
being
able
to
defend
themselves
,
being
grown
to
a
confidence
of
doing
it
with
honour
,
and
advantage
,
they
were
soon
in
a
condition
to
repel
any
thing
the
Enemy
could
attempt
against
them
.
The
Duke
seeing
them
in
this
good
disposition
,
They
are
encourag'd
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
caus'd
a
Review
to
be
made
of
all
such
as
were
able
to
bear
Arms
,
which
upon
examination
were
found
to
be
nine
hundred
only
;
and
which
notwithstanding
he
so
encourag'd
,
what
by
the
consideration
of
their
Duty
,
and
their
own
Interest
(
an
Argument
as
prevalent
at
least
as
any
whatever
in
the
minds
of
men
)
that
they
all
unanimously
swore
to
him
,
to
live
and
dye
in
the
defence
of
their
City
.
Such
as
were
not
capable
of
bearing
Arms
,
were
employ'd
at
the
Fortifications
which
were
yet
imperfect
;
a
labour
wherein
the
more
delicate
Sex
would
no
more
be
spar'd
than
the
men
;
by
which
means
the
work
was
follow'd
on
all
hands
with
so
unwearied
a
Diligence
,
that
what
remain'd
to
be
done
,
was
perfected
in
fewer
days
,
than
months
would
have
been
requir'd
before
the
Enemies
approach
.
This
being
thus
provided
for
,
they
proceeded
in
the
next
place
to
examine
what
Grain
was
in
the
City
;
of
which
search
Vertamont
,
Intendant
de
la
Iustice
had
the
charge
committed
to
his
care
:
The
order
taken
by
the
Duke
of
Espernon
for
the
conservation
of
the
p●ace
.
and
in
this
they
found
the
greatest
defect
,
which
was
such
,
that
in
three
days
the
place
must
infallibly
have
been
lost
,
had
the
Enemy
presently
clap'd
down
before
it
;
for
there
was
very
little
Corn
to
be
found
,
and
no
Flower
at
all
,
all
the
Mills
were
without
the
City
,
and
the
nearest
of
them
a
League
distant
.
This
defect
was
therefore
of
all
things
to
be
supply'd
,
which
alone
renders
all
sorts
of
Provision
,
how
great
soever
the
Store
,
altogether
useless
:
that
therefore
in
a
few
days
was
accordingly
done
;
and
being
the
City
,
which
is
divided
from
the
rest
of
the
Kingdom
by
the
Doux
,
a
great
and
deep
River
,
was
not
to
be
reliev'd
but
on
that
side
:
The
Duke
was
especially
solicitous
to
secure
the
wodden
Bridge
that
affords
the
City
communication
with
the
Suburb
du
St.
Esprit
,
and
from
thence
with
the
rest
of
France
,
by
the
County
of
Lannes
.
To
that
end
therefore
he
caus'd
two
good
Forts
to
be
trac'd
out
in
his
own
presence
upon
two
Eminences
that
commanded
that
Bridge
;
and
made
the
Work
to
be
so
diligently
follow'd
,
that
they
were
in
a
few
days
put
into
a
condition
of
defence
.
They
also
by
his
order
hastened
the
Leavies
for
some
Recruits
that
were
raising
in
Guienne
,
that
they
might
be
put
into
those
two
Forts
,
by
which
means
they
were
sufficiently
man'd
.
He
moreover
put
three
months
Provision
into
the
City
,
gave
order
for
the
perfecting
of
the
Fortifications
,
wholly
reassur'd
the
Inhabitants
,
and
put
the
place
into
so
good
a
condition
,
that
nothing
for
the
future
,
but
by
a
regular
Siege
,
was
to
be
effected
against
it
.
After
having
thus
provided
for
the
safety
of
this
City
,
he
prepar'd
himself
to
go
take
order
for
the
defence
of
the
other
Cities
,
that
were
upon
this
Frontier
,
which
were
also
in
no
little
danger
;
yet
was
it
not
before
he
had
further
supply'd
the
necessities
of
the
Inhabitants
of
Bayonne
,
who
complaining
to
him
that
their
Corporation
was
reduc'd
to
so
great
poverty
,
that
it
would
be
impossible
for
them
to
provide
against
a
thousand
little
Accidents
that
might
happen
to
them
,
mov'd
at
their
entreaties
,
he
left
with
them
all
the
money
he
had
left
of
the
Expence
of
his
House
,
arising
to
four
and
twenty
thousand
Livers
,
which
was
owing
to
him
at
his
Death
,
and
was
the
only
money
he
ever
lent
upon
Security
,
and
at
Interest
in
the
whole
time
of
his
Life
.
The
Spaniards
knew
nothing
of
the
ill
condition
of
this
place
,
A
remarkable
oversight
in
the
Spaniard
.
till
after
it
was
fortifi'd
,
and
supply'd
in
such
manner
,
as
you
have
heard
;
and
then
the●
saw
the
error
they
had
committed
,
but
it
was
then
too
late
.
They
declar'd
however
,
to
the
Duke's
Glory
,
and
in
their
own
Vindication
,
That
they
did
not
repent
them
of
their
wary
manner
of
proceeding
;
but
that
if
it
were
to
do
again
,
they
should
do
the
same
,
and
that
they
could
never
think
a
place
ill
Fortified
,
that
had
a
Duke
of
Espernon
to
defend
it
.
The
Duke
,
what
testimonies
soever
they
so
highly
,
and
publickly
gave
,
of
the
esteem
they
had
of
his
Vertue
,
was
not
notwithstanding
so
to
be
charm'd
with
the
Harmony
of
their
Praises
:
but
that
being
inform'd
the
Enemy
,
despairing
for
the
future
of
being
able
to
effect
any
thing
upon
Bayonne
by
force
,
was
determin'd
to
pass
the
River
Doux
,
to
fall
upon
Dacqs
,
by
that
means
to
cut
off
all
Relief
that
could
be
put
into
Bayonne
;
The
Duke
of
Espernon
goes
from
Bayonne
to
Dacqs
.
to
the
end
,
that
of
it self
,
and
without
the
expence
of
a
Siege
,
it
might
fall
into
their
hands
;
he
departed
thence
with
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
his
Son
,
his
faithful
Companion
in
all
the
cares
and
troubles
of
this
Expedition
,
to
take
order
for
the
defence
of
this
little
place
,
which
they
also
in
six
days
that
they
made
their
abode
there
,
what
by
their
Vivacity
,
and
good
Conduct
,
and
partly
at
their
own
expence
,
put
into
so
good
a
posture
of
safety
,
And
from
thence
sends
a
Dispatch
to
the
King
.
that
it
was
out
of
all
danger
of
Surprize
.
Having
thus
provided
for
the
security
of
the
most
Important
Places
,
they
dispatch'd
away
a
Gentleman
to
the
King
,
to
give
his
Majesty
an
Account
of
what
they
had
done
for
his
Service
,
and
to
receive
his
Commands
,
what
they
were
to
do
for
the
time
to
come
.
From
Dacqs
they
went
to
Mont
de
Marsan
,
where
they
yet
made
some
stay
,
as
well
in
reference
to
the
securing
that
place
,
as
also
to
be
better
satisfied
concerning
an
intimation
had
been
given
them
,
that
the
Spanish
Army
was
resolv'd
to
pass
the
River
in
order
to
some
notable
Attempt
.
To
this
end
Captain
la
Roche
was
sent
to
discover
nearer
hand
the
depth
of
the
Enemies
Designs
;
who
soon
perceiv'd
by
the
Works
they
had
begun
at
Socoa
,
that
they
had
no
thoughts
of
making
any
further
progress
into
the
Country
that
Winter
.
Having
therefore
at
his
return
given
his
Masters
this
assurance
,
upon
his
Report
,
which
they
found
afterwards
to
be
very
true
,
they
continued
on
their
way
towards
Bordeaux
.
The
Spaniards
on
the
other
side
applying
themselves
to
their
Fortifications
,
labour'd
more
successfully
,
than
they
imagin'd
,
to
the
Glory
which
was
reserv'd
for
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
in
their
Defeat
the
ensuing
year
;
and
having
in
the
mean
time
lost
all
hopes
of
advancing
further
into
the
Country
by
force
of
Arms
,
fell
to
Caballs
,
and
practices
to
seduce
the
Inhabitants
of
Labourt
over
to
their
side
.
They
promis'd
them
Peace
,
freedom
,
Security
,
and
all
other
advantages
they
could
desire
,
if
they
would
cohabit
with
them
;
they
offer'd
Protection
to
all
such
as
would
continue
Neuters
in
their
own
Houses
:
but
they
threatned
no
little
punishments
to
those
,
who
should
retire
into
France
.
All
which
Artifice
nevertheless
prevail'd
nothing
with
the
Biscains
,
there
being
not
so
much
as
any
one
Family
,
that
did
not
prefer
a
voluntary
Exile
,
before
any
Benefit
,
or
Immunity
that
could
derive
from
the
bounty
of
invading
Neighbours
:
An
exemplary
Fidelity
in
the
Inhabitants
of
Biscay
.
So
that
if
they
were
in
the
beginning
condemn'd
by
some
,
for
having
manifested
too
little
heat
at
the
Enemies
first
coming
in
,
every
one
in
the
end
applauded
their
Fidelity
,
who
would
rather
choose
to
abandon
their
Country
,
and
Fortunes
,
than
to
enjoy
them
in
the
greatest
quiet
,
and
security
,
under
the
usurpation
of
a
Forein
and
invasive
Power
.
As
it
was
evident
enough
both
by
the
number
of
the
Enemy
,
Anno
1637.
and
the
good
condition
wherein
they
had
had
the
leisure
to
fortifie
themselves
,
that
it
was
impossible
to
attempt
any
thing
against
them
,
but
by
means
proportionable
to
the
greatnes
of
their
Forces
;
the
Duke
sate
still
at
Bordeaux
in
expectation
of
Orders
from
Court
for
their
future
proceeding
.
But
they
waited
not
long
,
Haumont
,
which
was
the
Gentleman
they
had
dispatch'd
thither
,
returning
to
Bordeaux
almost
as
soon
as
they
,
furnish'd
with
several
very
favourable
Dispatches
;
wherein
after
the
King
had
highly
magnified
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
Conduct
,
who
by
so
little
means
had
preserv'd
that
Frontier
,
his
Majesty
proceeded
to
let
him
know
,
he
infinitely
desir'd
the
Enemy
might
be
disoblig'd
from
the
places
they
had
already
possess'd
;
promising
in
order
thereunto
Men
,
Provisions
,
Ammunition
,
a
Train
of
Artillery
,
and
what
was
necessary
to
the
execution
of
so
great
a
design
:
All
this
notwithstanding
remain'd
in
terms
of
a
bare
promise
only
,
without
ever
coming
to
the
least
effect
;
nay
,
there
was
not
so
much
money
to
be
had
,
as
would
serve
for
the
raising
of
two
Regiments
of
Foot
,
and
four
Troops
of
Horse
;
though
the
Duke
had
not
so
much
as
one
Souldier
in
the
Province
:
a
Summe
,
which
though
it
amounted
not
to
above
fifty
thousand
Livers
,
yet
the
Exchequers
of
the
several
Provinces
,
and
the
King
's
other
Bancks
being
totally
exhausted
,
there
was
a
necessity
for
the
Duke
to
advance
it
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon
raises
Forces
with
his
own
money
.
out
of
his
own
private
Stock
,
which
he
also
was
willing
to
do
;
and
though
it
went
something
hard
with
him
,
had
much
rather
in
this
urgency
of
his
Majesties
Affairs
,
lay
out
the
money
of
his
own
private
Revenue
(
for
of
two
years
he
had
not
touch'd
one
peny
of
the
King's
)
than
that
the
Country
the
Enemy
had
invaded
should
be
left
unto
them
,
which
also
was
not
to
be
preserv'd
,
but
by
the
opposition
of
some
considerable
Forces
.
While
the
Frontier
of
Bayonne
found
work
enough
for
the
two
Dukes
,
the
Royal
Arms
were
employ'd
for
the
recovery
of
Corbie
;
that
being
almost
the
only
place
of
importance
,
the
Enemy
had
made
a
Conquest
of
,
with
all
their
long
,
aud
mighty
preparation
.
In
the
beginning
of
this
Siege
,
there
was
scarce
any
who
did
not
believe
the
Fortune
of
the
Cardinal
depended
upon
the
event
of
that
Enterprize
,
and
that
,
should
the
King
happen
to
be
baffled
before
it
,
his
Majesty
weary
of
maintaining
the
Quarrels
of
his
Minister
(
for
such
were
all
the
Wars
of
Europe
at
that
time
time
reputed
)
at
so
vast
an
expence
of
Treasure
,
and
with
so
much
disquiet
to
his
Kingdom
,
would
infallibly
sacrifice
him
to
the
Animosities
of
Strangers
,
and
the
Discontents
of
the
Great
Ones
of
his
own
people
,
who
equally
desir'd
his
Ruine
:
But
the
success
of
this
Leaguer
,
more
speedy
,
and
fortunate
than
was
to
be
expected
,
having
reconcil'd
the
Cardinal
to
the
Kings
opinion
,
and
astonish'd
all
those
who
had
prophesied
an
alteration
in
his
Fortune
,
every
one
was
strook
with
admiration
at
a
prosperity
so
beyond
all
example
,
insomuch
that
even
those
who
had
most
thirsted
after
his
Ruine
,
were
the
first
to
congratulate
him
for
the
good
success
.
'T
is
said
that
of
those
there
were
some
,
who
,
that
they
might
with
greater
Elegancy
shrowd
themselves
from
any
jealousie
the
Cardinal
might
entertain
against
them
,
made
no
difficulty
to
prostitute
their
own
Fidelity
,
and
Honour
,
in
discovering
the
Secrets
either
of
their
Masters
,
or
Friends
,
to
him
who
was
their
common
Enemy
.
It
was
by
that
sort
of
people
(
as
is
believ'd
)
that
the
Cardinal
had
intelligence
of
a
Plot
,
wherein
the
Monsieur
,
and
the
Count
de
Soissons
had
conspir'd
against
him
,
with
whom
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
was
also
deliver'd
to
him
for
one
,
who
had
a
great
hand
in
this
Affair
;
The
fi●st
cause
of
the
D●ke
de
la
Va●ette's
Disgrace
.
and
it
is
most
certain
that
from
thence
the
Cardinal
laid
the
design
to
persecute
his
Families
and
his
own
particular
Fortune
to
the
last
extreme
;
so
that
from
that
time
forward
,
there
was
neither
bound
,
nor
moderation
in
the
implacable
Hatred
he
conceiv'd
against
him
upon
this
very
account
.
How
far
the
Duke
de
la
Valette's
Resentments
might
transport
him
towards
the
Cardinal
,
I
cannot
tell
;
but
I
am
well
enough
inform'd
in
the
ill
usage
he
receiv'd
from
him
,
as
well
in
the
person
of
the
Duke
his
Father
,
as
his
own
,
to
be
bold
to
say
,
that
h●
had
all
the
r●ason
in
the
world
to
be
offended
to
a
very
high
degree
:
but
this
Affair
having
been
(
as
has
been
said
)
either
the
occ●sion
,
or
at
least
the
pretence
of
all
the
great
Persecutions
of
this
Family
,
it
will
not
perhaps
be
impertinent
to
take
things
from
the
beginning
,
that
they
may
be
the
better
understood
.
The
Duke
de
la
Valette
being
(
as
we
have
observ'd
)
entred
into
the
Alliance
of
Cardinal
Richelieu
,
The
manner
of
the
Duke
de
la
Valett's
Conduct
after
he
entred
into
Cardinal
Richelieu's
A●liance
.
had
examples
enough
of
several
persons
of
very
great
Quality
before
his
eyes
,
to
make
him
stoop
to
extraordinary
Applications
,
and
respects
towards
him
:
but
nothing
could
ever
induce
him
to
bend
below
the
terms
of
decency
,
and
his
own
condition
;
so
that
he
only
paid
him
what
respect
was
due
,
and
nothing
more
:
a
way
of
living
that
by
no
means
satisfied
the
Cardinal
,
who
would
exact
from
all
conditions
of
men
,
a
Reverence
without
all
reserve
.
A
vanity
of
his
,
that
although
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
was
very
perfect
in
,
yet
did
not
that
knowledge
make
him
alter
his
resolution
,
choosing
rather
to
live
with
him
in
a
less
degree
of
Favour
,
than
to
beg
Offices
and
Employments
at
the
price
of
his
own
Honour
.
Many
secret
discontents
arising
from
this
first
cause
,
it
must
of
necessity
follow
,
Discontents
arise
betwixt
them
.
that
these
two
Spirits
having
been
so
long
dissatisfied
with
one
another
,
and
so
equally
dispos'd
to
a
final
Rupture
,
would
at
one
time
or
another
produce
their
ordinary
effect
.
An
occasion
presented
it self
at
the
Enemies
entring
into
Picardy
,
and
about
the
taking
of
la
Capelle
.
The
Baron
du
Bec
was
Governour
of
this
place
,
which
this
Gentleman
very
well
known
to
,
and
entirely
belov'd
by
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
,
had
surrendred
sooner
,
than
the
Cardinal
could
have
wish'd
,
for
want
(
as
he
pretended
)
of
Provision
.
The
Cardinal
,
who
by
an
example
of
high
severity
,
would
oblige
the
Governours
of
other
places
to
hold
out
to
the
last
extremities
;
or
perhaps
by
that
means
to
justifie
himself
to
the
King
,
from
any
censure
he
might
undergo
,
as
Prime
Minister
of
State
,
in
not
having
sufficiently
provided
for
the
necessities
of
so
important
a
place
,
caus'd
an
Honourable
Council
immediately
to
be
Assembled
.
This
Council
consisted
of
all
the
Officers
of
the
Crown
,
who
were
then
to
be
found
in
Paris
,
together
with
some
Counsellors
of
State
,
whose
business
it
must
be
to
condemn
the
Baron
du
Bec
,
as
convict
of
Cowardise
,
and
Treachery
,
to
a
privation
of
his
Life
and
Honour
.
The
Duke
de
la
Valette
was
amongst
the
rest
summon'd
to
this
Assembly
,
wherein
as
he
saw
he
was
not
call'd
to
it
to
deliver
his
free
Opinion
,
that
the
Gentleman
was
beforehand
mark'd
out
for
Ruine
,
and
that
Sentence
of
Death
must
consequently
ensue
;
so
did
he
endeavour
with
all
the
art
he
had
to
decline
having
any
thing
to
do
in
that
business
:
but
it
was
altogether
in
vain
.
The
Cardinal
would
admit
of
no
excuses
,
but
after
having
sent
three
times
to
his
House
to
seek
him
,
Chavigni
,
Secretary
of
State
,
went
the
fourth
time
to
tell
him
plainly
,
he
must
either
satisfie
,
or
absolutely
break
with
the
Cardinal
.
This
express
,
and
positive
Declaration
prevail'd
in
the
end
with
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
to
go
to
the
Council
;
but
it
was
not
nevertheless
to
comply
in
the
least
with
the
animosities
of
others
.
The
Baron
du
Bec's
Affair
was
laid
open
in
the
Presence
of
the
King
,
and
the
Cardinal
,
and
the
greater
part
of
the
Judges
concluded
the
Crimes
laid
to
his
charge
,
sufficient
to
condemn
the
party
accus'd
:
but
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
did
not
think
himself
oblig'd
to
be
of
that
opinion
,
and
consequently
could
not
consent
to
his
Condemnation
.
If
the
Cardinal
had
manifested
something
of
vehemency
,
in
importuning
the
Duke
to
come
to
the
Council
,
he
express'd
yet
a
far
greater
indignation
to
find
him
of
a
judgment
so
far
dissenting
from
his
own
,
insomuch
that
at
his
coming
out
of
the
Council
,
taking
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
aside
,
he
could
not
contain
himself
from
breaking
into
very
unhandsome
Language
,
proceeding
to
so
bitter
,
and
so
injurious
expressions
,
that
the
Duke
was
not
able
to
forbear
giving
a
very
smart
Reply
,
the
Reverence
due
to
the
place
where
they
then
were
permitting
him
at
that
time
to
do
no
more
;
though
such
as
were
acquainted
with
his
temper
,
will
easily
judg
,
that
he
would
omit
no
occasion
of
manifesting
a
higher
resentment
.
In
the
heat
of
this
Discontent
he
receiv'd
the
Command
of
which
I
have
already
spoken
,
to
go
joyn
himself
with
the
Count
de
Soissons
in
Picardy
;
and
then
the
Cardinal
could
find
some
expressions
of
Civility
,
and
Complement
,
to
smooth
him
withal
,
at
his
departure
;
but
an
Offence
being
much
harder
to
be
repair'd
,
than
committed
,
the
Wound
the
Duke
carried
along
with
him
in
his
Bosom
,
was
not
to
be
clos'd
by
so
slender
a
Remedy
.
It
was
presently
after
this
that
the
Cardinal
was
inform'd
,
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
had
hearkened
to
the
Propositions
had
been
made
to
him
by
the
Count
d●
Soissons
,
for
the
Revenge
of
their
common
Injuries
,
and
that
the
Monsieur
was
also
consenting
with
them
.
At
the
time
the
Cardinal
receiv'd
this
intimation
,
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
,
The
Monsieur
,
and
the
Count
de
Soissons
retire
from
Court
,
to
his
good
Fortune
,
was
as
far
off
as
Bayonne
;
but
the
Monsieur
,
and
the
Count
de
Soissons
,
being
both
at
Paris
,
escap'd
but
a
very
few
hours
of
being
both
Arrested
,
having
nevertheless
time
enough
to
withdraw
themselves
,
they
departed
suddenly
from
Paris
:
when
,
though
they
scarce
knew
which
way
to
fly
for
refuge
from
the
power
of
their
Enemy
;
yet
hoping
that
either
the
danger
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
ran
equally
with
them
;
or
that
the
Generosity
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
(
who
on
the
other
side
was
himself
not
very
well
satisfied
with
the
Court
)
might
induce
him
to
receive
them
into
Guienne
:
And
send
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
to
engage
him
in
their
Quarrel
.
they
dispatch'd
away
thither
first
the
Count
de
Bourdeille
,
and
after
him
the
Count
de
Montresor
his
Brother
;
of
which
both
the
one
and
the
other
had
instructions
to
address
themselves
to
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
,
that
by
his
perswasions
the
Father
might
be
rendred
more
favourable
to
their
desires
:
But
this
Duke
,
who
had
much
rather
be
alone
expos'd
to
the
Cardinal
's
whole
stock
of
hatred
,
than
to
disquiet
the
old
Age
of
the
Duke
his
Father
,
by
interessing
him
in
his
Quarrels
,
freely
told
them
,
That
the
Monsieur
,
and
the
Count
were
to
expect
nothing
from
his
Mediation
in
this
Affair
:
That
he
was
indeed
resolv'd
to
follow
his
Fathers
Resolutions
;
but
that
he
would
never
prompt
him
to
any
thing
that
might
trouble
his
repose
.
Montresor
,
who
came
last
,
and
who
would
not
depart
without
a
positive
resolution
,
finding
no
hopes
of
concurrence
in
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
,
desir'd
to
talk
in
private
with
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
He
was
accordingly
admitted
into
his
Chamber
,
at
ten
of
the
Clock
at
night
,
after
all
his
Servants
were
retir'd
,
where
he
represented
to
him
,
The
immediate
danger
wherein
two
great
Princes
of
the
Blood
were
at
this
time
engag'd
by
the
violence
of
Cardinal
Richelieu
,
their
,
and
his
particular
Enemy
:
That
in
securing
their
lives
he
might
also
establish
his
own
Fortune
,
and
that
of
his
Family
:
That
he
knew
very
well
how
great
was
the
number
of
discontented
persons
,
how
violent
the
despair
of
the
people
,
and
how
intolerable
the
oppression
of
all
the
several
Orders
of
the
Kingdom
:
That
all
these
favourable
dispositions
wanted
only
some
considerable
heads
,
to
work
their
common
safety
by
the
ruine
of
the
Cardinals
Affairs
:
That
there
was
not
a
person
in
the
Kingdom
,
who
would
not
be
ready
speedily
to
joyn
with
these
Princes
,
seeing
their
good
intention
for
the
Redress
of
the
Publick
,
should
their
cause
be
supported
by
his
prudent
Conduct
:
That
this
Act
would
crown
all
the
other
actions
of
his
life
,
for
ever
establish
the
Fortune
of
his
own
Family
,
and
render
oblig'd
to
him
for
their
Lives
,
and
Honour
,
two
Princes
,
the
one
the
Son
,
and
Brother
of
the
King
his
Master's
,
his
own
Nephew
,
and
Friend
;
and
the
other
so
passionately
enamour'd
of
his
Vertue
,
that
he
would
with
all
his
heart
lay
aside
his
condition
,
to
obey
his
Orders
in
the
conduct
of
those
things
they
were
to
pursue
for
their
common
safety
.
All
these
Reasons
,
how
plausible
soever
in
themselves
,
and
how
handsomly
soever
laid
before
him
,
were
not
yet
of
force
to
shake
a
man
so
firm
,
and
so
confirm'd
in
his
Duty
,
as
the
Duke
of
Espernon
;
who
,
although
he
very
well
knew
,
and
that
it
was
no
hard
matter
for
him
to
judg
by
the
Example
of
these
Princes
,
and
of
most
of
the
great
men
of
the
Kingdom
,
that
the
Cardinal
would
not
long
hold
his
hand
from
striking
at
his
Fortune
,
which
was
the
only
one
almost
that
remain'd
unshaken
,
would
nevertheless
rather
choose
to
lie
expos'd
to
this
danger
,
than
to
secure
himself
,
by
being
the
promoter
of
a
Civil
War
.
Who
exe●ses
himse●●
.
He
therefore
answer'd
Montresor
,
That
he
was
the
Monsieur's
most
humble
Servant
,
that
he
was
the
Count's
also
:
That
they
did
a
great
deal
of
Honour
in
reposing
so
great
a
confidence
in
him
,
as
to
communicate
so
much
of
their
Interests
,
and
Designs
:
That
they
could
not
do
it
to
one
that
was
a
more
faithful
Servant
both
to
the
King
,
and
to
them
,
or
more
passionate
for
their
good
:
That
the
greatest
testimony
he
could
possibly
give
them
of
that
passion
,
was
,
humbly
to
beseech
,
and
(
if
he
durst
be
so
bold
)
to
advise
them
,
to
have
speedy
recourse
to
his
Majesties
Bounty
,
and
Royal
Favour
:
That
for
what
concern'd
himself
,
he
was
very
sensible
of
all
the
ill
usage
he
receiv'd
from
Court
;
but
that
he
did
by
no
means
impute
it
to
the
King
:
That
seeing
also
he
could
not
do
himself
right
,
without
offending
him
,
he
rather
chose
still
to
support
the
oppression
under
which
he
now
suffer'd
,
than
to
revenge
himself
of
his
particular
Enemies
,
by
troubling
the
Peace
of
the
Kingdom
,
and
by
adding
the
mischief
of
a
Civil
War
to
those
miseries
wherewith
the
poor
people
were
already
afflicted
:
That
he
did
most
humbly
conjure
these
Princes
by
the
name
,
and
quality
they
bore
,
and
by
the
Interest
they
had
in
the
Good
of
the
Kingdom
,
to
do
the
same
,
and
to
surrender
all
their
Animosities
,
and
Discontents
to
the
Publick
,
leaving
to
Heaven
,
which
was
just
,
the
Revenge
of
their
Wrongs
:
That
as
to
the
rest
,
they
might
assure
themselves
the
Secret
they
had
been
pleas'd
to
entrust
him
withal
,
should
be
faithfully
lock●d
up
in
his
heart
,
and
that
he
would
suffer
all
sorts
of
Extremities
,
rather
than
revel
it
.
Montresor
being
able
to
obtain
nothing
more
of
the
Duke
,
return'd
with
this
answer
back
to
the
Monsieur
his
Master
;
who
either
prevail'd
upon
by
the
Duke's
advice
,
or
obeying
the
natural
affection
he
had
to
the
good
of
the
Kingdom
,
very
readily
embrac'd
the
first
overtures
of
Accommodation
that
were
from
the
Court
presented
to
him
:
But
the
Count
de
Soissons
,
not
thinking
it
convenient
to
trust
the
Cardinal
,
what
faithful
,
and
sincere
reconciliation
soever
could
be
promis'd
to
him
,
retir'd
himself
to
Sedan
,
from
whence
he
never
more
return'd
.
As
there
is
no
secret
that
time
does
not
in
the
end
discover
,
the
advice
the
Duke
had
given
the
Monsieur
,
upon
the
Propositions
he
had
sent
him
,
was
not
long
conceal'd
from
the
knowledge
of
the
Court
.
I
am
certain
the
discovery
was
neither
made
by
the
Duke
,
nor
by
any
of
his
,
the
Fidelity
,
and
Secresie
he
observ'd
towards
these
Princes
,
giving
on
the
contrary
the
Chancellour
Seguier
occasion
to
complain
of
him
.
This
true
Friend
of
his
having
understood
his
Prudent
,
and
Loyal
Conduct
,
in
this
so
important
Affair
,
writ
to
him
,
after
other
things
,
in
these
terms
,
Give
me
leave
to
assure
you
that
the
King
is
infinitely
satisfied
with
your
Behaviour
:
I
was
ever
confident
,
and
have
ever
said
,
that
the
Princes
solicitations
would
never
prevail
with
you
,
who
can
entertain
no
overture
,
nor
embrace
no
Proposition
inconsistent
with
your
Masters
Service
.
I
have
learn'd
this
excellent
Maxim
from
your self
,
and
your
Actions
have
ever
been
so
pure
from
any
blemish
of
that
kind
,
that
your
Fidelity
,
which
will
stand
for
a
President
to
succeeding
Ages
,
was
never
in
any
possibility
of
being
suspected
;
and
did
you
stand
in
need
of
any
one
to
undertake
for
you
in
this
case
,
I
should
offer
my self
to
be
the
man
.
I
hope
the
Answer
you
sent
this
great
Prince
will
make
him
see
his
own
good
,
and
consider
that
of
the
Kingdom
:
We
here
expect
his
Resolution
,
which
we
doubt
not
but
will
be
very
good
;
forasmuch
as
all
things
he
has
desir'd
of
his
Majesties
Bounty
are
granted
to
him
,
&c.
The
Duke
,
who
little
expected
such
a
Complement
as
this
,
and
that
had
not
given
the
Monsieur
this
counsel
with
any
intent
to
obtain
thereby
a
thanks
from
the
King
,
return'd
the
Chancellour
a
very
civil
Answer
;
but
sent
him
word
withal
,
That
if
he
had
observ'd
him
in
those
times
wherein
they
had
serv'd
the
King
together
wholly
intent
upon
his
Majesties
Interests
,
he
was
so
far
from
having
lost
any
thing
of
that
Zeal
,
and
Affection
,
that
on
the
contrary
those
years
which
had
pass'd
over
his
head
,
had
only
serv'd
to
confirm
him
in
his
Duty
;
but
that
he
was
infinitely
surpriz'd
to
hear
the
Court
should
be
inform'd
that
he
should
have
us'd
any
Arguments
to
the
Monsieur
concerning
the
present
Affairs
,
of
force
to
make
him
consider
what
he
did
owe
to
the
Service
of
the
King
,
the
good
of
the
Kingdom
,
or
his
own
preservation
:
That
he
could
assure
him
since
his
Highness
depa●ted
last
from
Court
he
had
not
seen
him
,
nor
any
one
employ'd
by
him
;
neither
had
he
directly
,
or
indirectly
heard
from
him
at
all
:
That
the
discourse
therefore
which
had
done
him
this
good
Office
with
the
King
,
must
be
something
he
might
perhaps
have
said
in
publick
without
other
design
,
than
the
vanity
he
had
upon
all
occasions
to
manifest
his
passion
to
his
Majesties
Service
,
and
to
exhort
all
men
to
continue
firm
in
that
Duty
,
&c.
The
Chancellour
was
by
no
means
satisfied
with
this
Answer
,
it
seeming
to
him
that
the
Duke
was
therein
more
reserv'd
,
than
became
their
old
acquaintance
,
or
the
entire
confidence
he
might
safely
repose
in
his
Friendship
:
but
the
Duke
,
who
would
by
no
means
do
the
Monsieur
the
least
ill
office
,
or
fail
in
his
Fidelity
to
him
,
chose
rather
to
give
his
friend
this
little
discontent
,
which
he
also
knew
would
soon
be
forgot
,
than
to
fail
in
his
Faith
,
which
would
be
an
eternal
blemish
to
him
,
and
so
great
a
forfeit
to
Honour
,
as
he
could
never
have
forgiven
himself
,
as
it
had
been
impossible
for
him
ever
to
repair
.
Although
the
Cardinal
prepossess'd
with
the
ill
Offices
had
been
done
by
the
Duke
de
le
Valette
had
conceiv'd
that
high
distaste
against
him
,
he
usually
manifested
in
such
cases
;
he
nevertheless
made
shift
to
smother
it
upon
this
occasion
.
The
Cardinal
dissembles
his
dissatisfaction
with
the
Dukes
of
Espernon
,
and
de
la
Valette
.
He
had
at
this
time
great
use
both
of
the
Father
,
and
the
Son
,
in
the
Affairs
of
Guienne
,
upon
their
shoulders
(
he
being
sufficiently
taken
up
with
troubles
nearer
home
)
to
lay
the
burthen
of
the
care
of
that
Province
;
so
that
he
treated
with
them
in
terms
of
greater
confidence
,
than
ever
,
writing
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
after
this
manner
,
My
Lord
,
You
will
find
by
the
King's
Dispaches
,
that
his
Majesty
is
unmindful
of
nothing
he
conceives
necessary
for
the
driving
his
Enemies
out
of
your
Government
,
and
does
assure
himself
you
will
upon
this
occasion
give
him
a
testimony
of
your
Valour
and
Experience
,
equally
advantageous
to
the
Reputation
of
his
Majesties
Arms
,
and
your
own
particular
Glory
.
This
Action
will
crown
all
the
rest
of
your
Life
,
which
makes
me
confident
you
will
undertake
it
,
with
the
ardour
both
the
King
himself
has
reason
to
expect
from
your
zeal
to
his
Service
,
and
amongst
other
his
Majesties
most
passionate
Servants
,
one
who
honours
you
at
the
rate
I
do
,
who
am
,
&c.
The
like
Complement
was
also
sent
to
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
,
And
puts
them
joyntly
in
Commission
for
the
Affairs
of
Guienne
.
which
is
a
little
too
long
to
be
inserted
here
,
and
wherein
his
Majesty
sent
a
List
,
or
form
of
a
gallant
Army
,
wherein
were
to
be
three
Cnmpanies
of
Gens-d'Armes
,
twelve
Troops
of
Light
Horse
,
seven
Regiments
of
Foot
consisting
of
twenty
Companies
each
,
and
three
of
ten
,
with
Equipage
for
the
Artillery
,
and
other
things
necessary
for
the
execution
of
a
great
Design
.
Had
any
part
of
these
large
promises
been
perform'd
,
the
two
Governours
would
have
needed
little
perswasion
to
undertake
the
Enemy
in
what
posture
soever
they
had
been
:
but
the
whole
Winter
almost
being
laps'd
in
vain
expectation
,
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
conceiving
,
that
,
if
he
did
not
do
something
of
himself
,
the
Enemy
might
be
so
establish'd
upon
the
Frontier
,
that
it
would
be
afterwards
a
matter
of
extraordinary
difficulty
to
dislodge
him
,
advanc'd
with
the
sole
Regiments
of
Guienne
,
and
of
Mun
,
compos'd
of
the
Duke
his
Father's
Servants
,
and
his
own
,
and
rais'd
at
their
own
charge
.
He
found
upon
the
place
their
Company
of
Gens-d'Armes
,
and
two
Troops
of
Light-Horse
,
with
which
small
Forces
he
undertook
to
oppose
the
progress
of
an
Enemy
three
times
as
strong
as
himself
in
number
of
men
;
he
forc'd
them
from
some
posts
of
Advantage
they
had
fortified
in
the
Country
;
and
so
straitned
their
Quarters
,
and
constrain'd
them
to
lie
so
close
in
their
Trenches
,
that
he
thenceforwards
made
them
begin
to
feel
necessities
,
which
in
succession
of
time
gave
him
a
Victory
beyond
all
humane
hope
or
expectation
.
Whilst
he
was
taken
up
with
this
Employment
,
which
of
it self
was
but
too
great
for
the
small
means
he
had
wherewith
to
effect
so
great
a
Design
;
the
Discontents
that
had
so
long
lain
hatching
in
the
minds
of
the
people
,
produc'd
at
this
time
the
Mischief
had
so
long
been
fear'd
,
and
soreseen
,
and
on
a
sudden
clos'd
one
of
the
most
formidable
Revolts
,
that
ever
perhaps
appear'd
in
the
Kingdom
.
This
disorder
began
first
in
Perigort
,
from
whence
it
suddenly
crept
into
Quercy
,
and
thence
in
a
moment
diffus'd
it self
into
Agenois
,
and
Bourdelois
;
A
formidab●e
Rebell
on
breaks
out
in
several
Provinces
of
France
.
nay
,
even
the
Provinces
of
Angoumois
,
Xaintonge
,
and
Poictou
also
,
which
but
a
little
before
had
been
quieted
by
the
Wisdom
of
Villemontée
Intendant
de
la
Iustice
in
that
Country
,
being
not
yet
well
settled
in
their
Obedience
,
stirr'd
up
by
the
ill
example
of
their
Neighbours
,
ran
into
new
,
and
more
dangerous
Commotions
,
than
before
:
so
that
these
joyning
in
the
common
mischief
with
the
rest
before
mentioned
,
the
Contagion
spread
it self
almost
as
far
as
the
River
Loire
.
That
which
render'd
the
Sedition
of
Guienne
the
more
considerable
was
,
that
those
who
ran
into
Arms
were
not
unhandy
Peasants
,
but
old
Souldiers
of
the
most
Warlike
Provinces
of
the
Kingdom
,
who
having
long
follow'd
the
Profession
of
Arms
,
and
not
being
able
so
soon
to
reduce
themselves
to
their
former
condition
,
would
in
the
disorders
of
popular
Insurrection
seek
out
that
licence
,
the
sweets
whereof
they
had
sometime
tasted
,
when
their
Riots
had
been
in
some
measure
justified
by
their
Arms.
Most
Commotions
of
this
nature
have
been
observ'd
to
proceed
by
certain
degrees
,
and
the
forming
of
the
design
has
usually
been
discover'd
,
before
the
clap
of
Thunder
has
been
heard
;
they
commonly
advance
step
by
step
,
and
proceed
from
one
gradation
to
another
,
to
their
determinate
end
:
but
this
at
its
very
birth
appear'd
in
that
excessive
and
formidable
height
,
that
like
great
Conflagrations
which
have
long
been
smothering
before
they
have
broken
out
,
it
cast
out
flames
in
a
moment
,
which
were
hardly
possibly
to
be
extinguish'd
.
The
number
of
the
Rebels
,
The
first
Intelligence
the
Duke
of
Espernon
receiv'd
of
this
accident
,
was
,
that
there
were
already
above
thirty
thousand
men
in
Arms
,
and
it
was
true
:
amongst
whom
many
Gentlemen
of
good
Quality
were
so
indiscreet
as
to
engage
;
who
though
none
of
them
was
able
to
govern
so
unruly
,
and
so
confus'd
a
rabble
,
they
nevertheless
made
choice
of
a
Gentleman
a
Borderer
of
Perguex
,
call'd
la
Mothe-la-Forest
to
be
their
General
,
enforcing
him
to
accept
of
that
unhappy
Command
.
This
poor
Gentleman
finding
himself
the
first
day
oppress'd
with
so
great
a
burthen
,
after
having
in
vain
tty'd
all
ways
to
disingage
himself
,
was
fain
in
the
end
to
undertake
to
Head
them
;
wherein
the
most
prudent
thing
he
did
,
was
to
reduce
this
great
multitude
to
regular
number
,
by
choosing
out
of
the
best
Souldiers
,
and
such
as
were
best
Arm'd
,
ten
thousand
good
men
,
and
dismissing
the
rest
home
to
their
own
houses
with
order
to
be
ready
to
March
upon
the
first
Summons
.
And
their
progress
.
This
crew
of
Rakehells
,
made
indeed
in
a
few
days
a
very
considerable
progress
;
but
it
was
without
any
manner
of
opposition
;
the
people
generally
having
so
great
a
kindness
for
the
Rebellion
,
that
there
was
scarce
a
City
in
the
Province
,
which
they
might
not
conclude
to
be
their
own
.
They
were
receiv'd
into
Bergerac
,
and
had
possess'd
themselves
of
the
Stone-Bridge
which
is
upon
the
River
Dordogne
;
they
were
moreover
so
confident
as
to
fall
upon
Saint
Foy
,
and
had
not
the
Duke
fortified
the
honest
Inhabitants
,
against
the
licence
of
the
baser
sort
of
people
,
by
sending
first
Coderé
a
Souldier
of
his
Guards
,
a
brave
,
and
understanding
fellow
,
and
after
him
one
of
his
Gentlemen
call'd
Friget
,
with
an
hundred
●nd
fifty
Foot
,
rais'd
amongst
his
own
Vassals
,
the
place
had
infallibly
been
lost
.
It
was
a
Town
of
no
little
importance
at
this
time
;
for
beside
the
advantage
of
its
situation
,
all
the
Arms
the
Mareschal
de
St.
Luc
,
the
King's
Lieutenant
of
the
Province
,
and
particular
Governour
of
this
place
,
had
formerly
taken
away
from
Broüage
when
he
left
that
Government
,
were
in
the
Cittadel
,
as
also
some
pieces
of
Cannon
,
which
would
have
supply'd
the
Rebels
with
such
a
conveniency
,
as
would
have
encourag'd
,
and
enabled
them
to
attempt
the
best
Cities
of
the
Province
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon
having
in
this
extremity
no
more
,
than
three
very
weak
Regiments
,
which
had
been
lately
reform'd
,
and
that
by
little
and
little
,
were
drawing
together
in
the
Province
,
to
go
towards
the
Frontier
,
the
Service
to
which
they
were
design'd
;
writ
to
St.
Torse
Aide
de
Camp
,
who
commanded
them
,
to
draw
them
out
against
the
Mutineers
:
but
that
Gentleman
,
more
discreet
,
and
circumspect
,
than
the
Duke
could
have
wish'd
upon
so
urgent
an
occasion
,
chose
rather
betimes
to
abandon
his
Quarters
to
the
Rebels
,
than
to
do
them
the
honour
to
dispute
them
by
any
the
least
opposition
.
The
Duke
after
this
seeing
no
means
left
to
suppress
this
dangerous
Faction
,
which
every
day
increas'd
to
a
more
formidable
height
,
and
startled
with
the
news
he
receiv'd
from
all
parts
,
that
some
of
the
best
Cities
were
ready
to
revolt
,
and
only
expected
the
approach
of
the
Rebels
to
receive
them
;
writ
in
all
haste
to
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
to
come
speedily
to
the
Relief
of
the
Province
with
some
of
those
Forces
he
had
with
him
upon
the
Frontier
,
since
those
in
the
Lower
Gascony
were
not
able
to
make
head
against
the
mischief
already
grown
too
great
to
be
withstood
.
The
Duke
at
this
Summons
,
without
deliberating
upon
the
Duke
his
Father's
Command
,
immediately
put
himself
upon
his
March
;
but
yet
so
that
the
Forein
Enemy
still
continued
shut
up
within
their
Trenches
by
the
Marquis
de
Poganne
Mareschal
de
Camp
,
with
whom
during
his
absence
he
left
the
Command
of
the
Army
,
whilst
himself
came
to
do
the
King
,
the
Kingdom
,
and
particularly
the
Province
,
one
of
the
most
important
Services
,
could
possibly
be
desir'd
in
so
dangerous
a
time
.
Being
come
to
Cadillac
,
where
his
Father
expected
him
sick
(
for
he
was
at
last
constrain'd
to
faint
under
the
Burthen
〈◊〉
Affairs
,
and
the
affliction
wherewith
these
untoward
occurrences
had
overcome
his
Spirits
)
and
having
from
him
receiv'd
such
Instructions
,
as
he
was
at
that
time
in
a
condition
to
give
,
he
early
the
next
morning
took
Horse
to
go
in
all
haste
to
Marmanda
.
The
Duke
his
Father
had
already
there
caus'd
some
Troops
to
be
gather'd
together
under
the
Command
of
the
Marquis
de
Monferrant
Mareschal
de
Camp
,
and
Lieutenant
of
his
own
Company
of
Gens-d'Armes
;
where
the
Duke
was
no
sooner
arriv'd
,
but
he
understood
that
at
la
Sauvetat
,
a
little
Town
about
four
Leagues
off
,
there
was
a
considerable
Body
of
the
Rebels
,
who
had
there
fortified
themselves
,
and
made
shew
of
a
resolute
Defence
;
an
information
that
made
him
immediately
March
his
Forces
that
way
to
go
to
assault
them
.
All
the
strength
he
had
with
him
were
no
more
than
two
thousand
five
hundred
Foot
;
but
the
Enemy
were
very
many
more
,
which
notwithstanding
he
made
no
difficulty
himself
to
go
view
the
place
.
At
the
first
sight
he
apprehended
the
danger
of
assaulting
them
without
Cannon
,
fortified
as
they
were
on
every
side
either
with
Walls
,
or
strong
Barricado's
;
and
many
of
the
Officers
about
him
were
of
opinion
,
he
should
stay
for
some
Field-Pieces
,
he
had
order'd
to
follow
after
:
but
having
consider'd
,
that
to
dally
with
these
kind
of
people
only
,
were
to
give
them
greater
encouragement
,
and
to
augment
their
Insolence
;
he
gave
order
upon
the
instant
to
go
on
to
the
Assault
.
I
have
heard
several
who
were
present
at
,
and
had
a
share
in
this
Action
,
say
,
that
the
Assault
was
as
vigorously
given
,
and
as
obstinately
sustaind
,
as
any
they
had
ever
seen
,
though
they
had
been
in
many
very
memorable
occasions
,
and
that
they
should
eternally
lament
,
that
what
was
there
on
both
sides
perform'd
,
had
not
been
done
against
the
Enemies
of
the
Crown
;
since
doubtless
whatever
they
had
undertaken
must
have
succeeded
to
their
immortal
Glory
.
The
Duke's
men
fir'd
no
further
off
than
at
the
Muzzle
of
the
Musket
,
and
the
other
party
did
the
same
;
The
Rebels
suppress'd
by
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
.
so
that
on
either
side
a
great
many
men
,
with
some
Officers
of
the
Duke's
Regiments
were
slain
:
and
the
slaughter
had
questionless
been
much
greater
,
had
the
besieg'd
been
furnish'd
with
Pikes
,
to
their
Fire
Arms
;
but
being
destitute
of
that
sort
of
Defence
,
they
were
constrain'd
,
after
they
had
discharg'd
their
Muskets
,
to
abandon
their
Barricado's
,
and
to
retire
.
Madaillan
who
commanded
the
Rebels
gave
the
first
example
of
a
cowardly
,
and
shameful
flight
,
whom
they
pursu'd
as
far
as
Quercy
,
to
which
place
he
fled
for
refuge
:
but
having
escap'd
the
hands
of
the
pursuers
,
he
sav'd
himself
out
of
the
Kingdom
,
from
whence
he
return'd
not
but
to
execute
one
of
the
most
detesta●●e
Villanies
against
the
Duke
of
Espernon
that
could
ever
have
entred
into
the
imagination
of
an
accursed
Villain
.
The
fatal
and
unhappy
circumstances
whereof
,
we
shall
soon
present
before
you
,
wherein
this
wicked
,
and
abominable
wretch
will
appear
to
be
both
the
instrument
,
and
the
cause
of
the
Duke's
approaching
Death
,
and
Ruine
.
The
forcing
of
this
place
was
presently
follow'd
by
the
Surrender
of
Bergerac
;
the
Mutineers
had
there
made
a
countenance
of
defending
themselves
:
but
the
example
of
their
Complices
being
taken
by
Assault
,
render'd
them
more
facile
to
the
perswasions
of
their
General
,
who
was
otherwise
averse
to
War
,
than
as
he
was
compell'd
to
it
by
the
unbridled
Fury
of
some
of
the
more
violent
Spirits
,
who
as
they
prompted
their
fellows
to
greater
mischief
,
would
also
urge
him
on
to
the
greatest
extremes
.
These
two
places
being
thus
reduc'd
to
their
Obedience
,
secur'd
all
the
other
Cities
of
the
Province
;
so
that
although
some
few
of
the
people
continued
still
on
foot
,
they
were
rather
thought
fit
to
be
undertaken
by
the
ordinary
[
](A42794-e98150-b)*
*
Des
Prevosts
.
Officers
of
Justice
,
than
worth
the
pains
,
or
notice
of
men
of
Arms.
The
report
of
this
Defeat
soon
spread
it self
into
Angoumois
,
Xaintonge
,
and
Poictou
,
whither
the
Duke
de
Valette
also
sent
some
few
Forces
,
of
those
which
were
now
supernumerary
after
this
success
,
and
where
the
people
,
through
fear
of
punishment
,
remain'd
in
a
posture
of
Obedience
;
by
that
means
delivering
the
Court
of
one
of
the
greatest
,
and
most
troublesome
apprehensions
wherewith
the
minds
of
the
great
Ministers
could
possibly
be
possess'd
.
This
Victory
was
by
the
Marquis
de
Duras
judg'd
of
importance
enough
to
deserve
the
pains
of
a
Journey
to
Court
,
to
carry
news
of
it
to
the
King
;
who
as
he
had
by
his
own
Valour
contributed
very
much
to
the
good
success
,
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
who
had
him
in
very
great
esteem
,
was
also
very
willing
that
he
should
give
his
Majesty
an
account
of
the
Action
.
Being
therefore
there
arriv'd
,
The
Court
〈◊〉
the
news
of
t●e
〈◊〉
de
〈◊〉
Valett's
Victory
,
very
coldly
.
he
omitted
nothing
that
might
any
ways
recommend
the
merit
of
the
Service
:
but
he
did
not
find
the
Court
dispos'd
to
receive
things
that
came
from
the
Duke
's
at
so
favourable
a
rate
,
as
in
themselves
they
did
justly
deserve
;
they
looking
upon
all
that
had
been
perform'd
as
good
as
nothing
,
and
imposing
upon
them
the
assault
of
the
Forts
the
Spaniard
had
erected
upon
the
Frontier
upon
pain
of
his
Majesties
Indignation
,
which
was
the
first
recompence
of
their
Service
.
Already
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
had
taken
the
way
to
his
ordinary
Post
,
and
was
arriv'd
at
his
Quarters
,
which
he
had
●ortified
opposite
to
the
Spanish
Trenches
;
when
the
Duke
his
Father
receiv'd
his
Dispatches
from
Court
,
wherein
he
had
order
,
and
express
power
to
serve
himself
with
the
King's
money
,
and
strength
of
the
Province
;
and
moreover
to
lay
what
Impositions
they
should
together
think
fit
upon
the
people
,
for
the
execution
of
his
Majesties
Designs
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon
very
well
judg'd
what
was
to
be
expected
from
these
kind
of
Leavies
,
he
knew
with
what
difficulties
,
and
delays
the
King
's
own
Revenue
was
gather'd
in
:
He
was
also
not
ignorant
of
the
little
kindness
they
had
for
him
at
Court
:
He
knew
very
well
that
his
Obedience
herein
might
be
converted
to
a
Crime
,
all
Leavies
of
money
being
expressly
forbidden
,
excepting
such
Taxes
as
should
be
impos'd
by
the
King
himself
:
all
which
being
duly
consider'd
by
him
,
made
him
resolve
to
write
to
his
Majesty
,
That
both
himself
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon
refuses
to
〈◊〉
money
by
Impositions
upon
the
people
.
and
his
Son
were
very
ready
franckly
to
expose
their
Lives
for
the
execution
of
his
Majesties
Commands
,
provided
something
of
what
was
necessary
might
be
added
to
their
Endeavours
,
that
they
might
attempt
to
execute
his
Orders
with
some
possibility
of
success
:
but
that
he
should
ever
impose
a
Tax
upon
his
Majesties
Subjects
,
he
most
humbly
beg'd
to
be
dispens'd
from
any
such
Employment
,
and
that
his
Majesty
would
be
pleas'd
,
since
hitherto
he
had
kept
his
hands
clean
from
any
thing
of
that
kind
,
he
might
still
preserve
his
Reputation
without
exposing
it
to
the
Clamour
of
his
miserable
Subjects
,
whose
Necessities
were
to
him
already
too
well
known
.
These
last
words
wrought
the
most
dangerous
effect
imaginable
against
him
,
the
Court
perswading
themselves
that
he
affected
Popularity
,
and
sought
this
way
to
ingratiate
himself
with
the
people
,
to
the
end
that
he
might
by
their
assistance
be
able
to
maintain
himself
in
his
Government
,
and
was
in
effect
the
principal
Cause
,
if
not
the
only
Motive
,
that
caus'd
him
to
be
remov'd
from
thence
the
ensuing
year
,
Whilst
the
Duke
of
Espernon
was
engag'd
in
these
troublesome
Disputes
with
the
Court
,
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
continued
the
War
with
the
Enemy
,
after
the
same
manner
he
had
begun
,
keeping
them
close
mew'd
up
in
their
Trenches
,
without
permitting
them
to
receive
any
relief
from
the
Country
,
or
so
much
as
to
taste
of
the
Air
of
the
Field
,
where
they
never
presented
themselves
without
some
notable
disadvantage
.
This
way
of
making
War
having
continued
for
two
whole
months
together
,
had
reduc'd
the
Spaniard
to
Necessities
were
no
longer
to
be
endur'd
;
they
were
necessitated
to
have
all
their
Provisions
out
of
their
own
Country
,
and
those
to
be
brought
to
them
by
Sea
,
with
infinite
hazard
,
and
inconvenience
,
and
at
an
intolerable
expence
.
The
Duke
de
la
Valette
was
very
well
inform'd
of
the
ill
condition
to
which
they
were
reduc'd
,
their
Necessities
had
bred
an
infinite
number
of
Diseases
in
their
Camp
,
and
the
number
of
six
thousand
men
which
they
were
at
first
,
was
diminish'd
to
that
degree
,
that
not
above
half
of
them
were
left
alive
.
In
this
condition
he
prepar'd
to
make
some
attempt
upon
them
,
and
to
that
end
caus'd
those
Forces
,
which
by
reason
of
the
late
Commotions
,
he
had
been
oblig'd
to
leave
in
the
Lower
Gascony
,
to
advance
toward
the
Frontier
;
not
doubting
but
at
this
time
to
effect
that
,
which
they
would
have
had
him
some
time
before
have
attempted
with
almost
certain
,
and
apparent
ruine
:
but
the
Enemy
inform'd
of
his
resolution
,
by
a
shameful
,
and
precipitous
flight
(
which
was
the
highest
acknowledgment
of
their
weakness
he
could
possibly
desire
)
prevented
his
design
.
They
embark'd
therefore
all
their
Artillery
,
their
Equipage
,
and
their
Sick
by
night
;
the
Port
of
Socoa
(
which
they
were
Masters
of
)
affording
them
conveniency
so
to
do
,
by
the
same
way
,
and
with
so
little
noise
drawing
off
the
rest
of
their
Forces
,
that
their
design
was
not
discover'd
,
till
they
were
all
aboard
.
The
Duke
de
la
Valette
was
no
sooner
inform'd
of
their
flight
,
The
Duke
de
la
Valette
defeats
the
Spanish
Army
without
Fighting
.
but
that
he
drew
up
to
the
Fort
,
which
was
surrendred
to
him
without
resistance
:
But
it
is
not
to
be
imagin'd
how
many
several
Objects
of
Misery
were
to
be
seen
in
their
Camp
;
nor
to
what
extremities
,
by
his
long
perseverance
,
they
had
been
reduc'd
.
They
then
quitted
him
their
Forts
,
giving
him
thereby
the
most
absolute
,
and
most
happy
Victory
could
possibly
be
desir'd
;
so
that
he
had
the
good
fortune
almost
without
men
(
at
least
with
Forces
not
half
so
great
as
the
Enemies
)
without
money
(
having
never
touch'd
a
peny
of
the
King's
)
almost
without
Victuals
(
having
had
none
save
what
by
the
industry
,
and
providence
of
Vertamont
Intendant
de
la
Iustice
had
been
convey'd
to
the
Frontier
)
and
without
the
loss
of
any
one
man
of
note
,
to
ruine
an
entire
Army
of
an
invading
Enemy
,
to
make
them
spend
ten
months
time
in
vain
,
to
consume
Provisions
sufficient
for
the
plentiful
subsistence
of
the
greatest
Army
,
and
to
leave
three
thousand
of
their
men
behind
them
,
for
a
testimony
of
their
Defeat
.
Yet
how
great
,
and
of
what
utility
soever
this
Victory
might
be
,
to
the
Kingdoms
Honour
,
and
Safety
,
the
Court
was
notwithstanding
dissatisfied
with
the
success
;
who
seeing
he
had
done
more
,
than
any
one
durst
propose
to
himself
,
and
outstrip'd
the
hopes
,
and
expectation
of
those
who
were
emulous
of
his
Vertue
,
and
would
have
been
glad
some
disaster
had
befall'n
him
,
were
by
no
means
satisfied
with
this
performance
;
as
if
he
had
not
done
enough
in
doing
so
much
with
so
little
means
,
and
with
so
great
safety
,
and
reputation
to
his
own
Person
,
and
Name
.
Had
he
been
at
this
time
in
a
state
of
Favour
,
what
recompence
might
he
not
reasonably
have
expected
for
two
Services
of
so
high
importance
,
and
both
perform'd
in
one
Campagne
?
Which
though
he
fail'd
of
through
the
ill
Offices
of
some
,
that
blinded
by
Animosity
could
not
discern
his
Merit
;
yet
such
as
will
make
a
right
Judgment
of
things
,
must
maugre
the
ingratitude
,
and
injustice
of
the
Age
,
set
a
right
Value
upon
them
.
Which
nevertheless
is
but
coldly
receiv'd
at
Court
.
I
know
very
well
(
without
mentioning
the
Defeat
of
the
Spanish
Army
,
which
speaks
sufficiently
for
it self
)
that
the
other
exploit
has
been
highly
magnified
by
disinterested
persons
,
that
had
at
that
time
the
principal
Command
of
Poictou
,
and
Xaintonge
;
who
have
declar'd
that
all
the
Provinces
on
this
side
the
River
Loire
,
had
run
an
extreme
danger
,
had
the
general
disorder
,
to
which
the
people
were
apparently
,
and
absolutely
enclin'd
,
not
been
suppress'd
by
the
vigour
and
celerity
,
wherewith
the
Duke
acted
upon
this
occasion
.
If
the
King's
Affairs
had
the
good
success
you
have
heard
,
under
the
Conduct
of
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
in
Guienne
,
they
succeeded
no
less
fortunately
upon
the
Frontier
of
Picardy
,
The
Duke
de
Candale
,
and
the
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
command
the
Army
in
Picardy
.
under
the
command
of
the
Duke
de
Candale
,
and
the
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
his
Brothers
.
These
two
Generals
joyntly
commanded
the
King's
Army
in
those
parts
,
and
so
well
,
that
they
had
in
a
short
time
retaken
the
Castle
of
Cambresis
,
Maugbeuge
,
and
Lendrecies
in
the
end
.
That
which
was
most
remarkable
in
the
Siege
of
this
last
place
,
was
,
that
they
employ'd
fewer
days
to
take
it
,
than
the
Emperour
Charles
the
Fifth
had
formerly
squander'd
away
months
to
go
without
it
;
who
after
a
six
months
Leaguer
,
had
been
constrain'd
ingloriously
to
quit
the
Siege
:
And
all
these
things
were
done
in
the
very
face
of
the
Cardinal
Infanta
,
who
having
been
baffled
in
two
signal
Engagements
,
durst
no
more
make
trial
of
our
Generals
Arms.
The
Duke
of
Espernon
victorious
in
two
extremities
of
the
Kingdom
,
by
the
Valour
of
his
three
Sons
,
and
hoping
that
the
utility
of
these
important
Services
for
the
Crown
,
would
at
least
secure
the
repose
of
his
old
Age
,
thought
of
nothing
more
,
than
by
a
gentle
hand
to
compose
the
Affairs
of
his
own
Government
,
and
so
to
order
all
things
by
his
Moderation
,
and
Justice
,
that
the
people
committed
to
his
Charge
,
might
enjoy
the
sweets
of
Peace
,
even
in
the
greatest
tumults
of
War
.
To
this
end
therefore
he
with
great
generosity
,
and
constancy
,
rejected
the
offer
that
was
made
to
him
,
of
the
Command
of
a
great
Army
wherewithal
to
invade
the
Enemies
Country
,
proposing
to
himself
a
greater
glory
in
maintaining
that
little
part
of
the
Kingdom
entrusted
to
his
care
,
in
security
,
and
peace
,
than
in
all
the
Pomp
that
was
laid
before
his
eyes
to
allure
him
.
How
great
a
happiness
had
it
been
if
he
could
have
effected
this
good
design
,
and
by
that
means
have
spun
out
the
remainder
of
his
exceeding
old
Age
in
the
calms
of
Vacancy
,
and
repose
?
neither
was
the
fault
his
,
that
he
did
not
bring
this
vertuous
intention
to
the
desired
end
:
but
some
ambitious
,
and
interested
Spirits
,
having
infatuated
the
Court
with
propositions
of
vain
and
imaginary
Conquests
,
prevail'd
so
far
with
the
great
Minister
,
that
it
was
determinately
resolv'd
,
the
Scene
of
the
War
should
be
transferr'd
into
Spain
,
and
that
by
the
Siege
of
Fontarabie
it
should
be
begun
.
The
Enterprize
was
of
no
small
difficulty
,
as
it
has
since
been
prov'd
;
which
the
Cardinal
also
was
very
perfect
in
,
as
having
long
before
caus'd
the
place
to
be
consider'd
by
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
himself
,
who
had
then
diverted
him
from
that
design
:
upon
this
occasion
however
he
would
no
more
remember
the
reasons
by
which
he
had
sometimes
suffer'd
himself
to
be
over-rul'd
;
but
having
premeditated
to
engage
both
the
Father
,
and
the
Son
in
an
Enterprize
,
wherein
he
resolved
they
should
both
perish
,
he
sent
them
positive
word
,
that
they
must
either
absolutely
undertake
this
War
,
and
advance
so
much
money
,
as
was
necessary
to
begin
it
,
or
that
the
King
would
send
the
Prince
of
Condé
to
command
his
Arms
in
Guienne
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon
,
accustomed
of
old
to
the
ill
usage
of
the
Court
,
was
nothing
surpriz'd
with
these
Threats
;
but
on
the
contrary
what
was
laid
before
him
in
the
nature
of
a
Penalty
,
being
conformable
to
his
own
desire
,
he
gave
the
Court
to
understand
,
that
he
should
ever
esteem
it
a
great
Honour
,
to
have
this
Prince
a
Judg
of
his
Actions
;
and
that
he
should
be
very
glad
the
King
would
please
to
give
him
a
Command
in
his
Government
.
He
wanted
not
Servants
about
him
,
to
disswade
him
from
sending
such
a
Message
,
and
to
represent
to
him
the
danger
of
inviting
a
greater
person
than
himself
into
a
place
where
his
Authority
was
absolute
,
and
where
he
had
no
rival
to
dispute
it
with
him
;
laying
before
him
withal
many
more
examples
of
such
as
had
repented
the
having
submitted
their
Power
to
a
Superiour
,
than
of
such
as
in
so
doing
had
found
their
expectation
answer'd
by
the
event
:
But
the
Duke
was
so
confident
in
the
Affection
the
Prince
of
Condé
had
manifested
to
him
in
these
latter
times
,
that
he
could
not
possibly
entertain
the
least
distrust
,
and
moreover
seeing
it
was
absolutely
determin'd
,
that
the
Province
of
Guienne
should
bear
the
burthen
of
the
War
with
Spain
,
he
had
much
rather
the
Expences
of
the
War
should
be
stated
by
a
great
Prince
,
who
by
his
Quality
was
priviledg'd
from
all
Forms
,
than
that
he
by
imposing
them
should
be
constrain'd
to
submit
to
the
severity
of
an
Inquisition
,
and
be
brought
by
his
Enemies
to
an
Account
.
But
that
which
most
of
all
confirm'd
him
in
this
Resolution
,
was
the
advantage
that
would
thereby
accrue
to
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
his
Son
,
who
having
nothing
to
do
in
Military
Affairs
,
but
to
execute
the
Prince's
Orders
only
,
would
by
that
means
be
nothing
accountable
for
any
event
of
the
War
;
and
as
to
any
thing
else
,
he
was
very
well
assur'd
,
that
what
Employment
soever
should
be
conferr'd
upon
him
,
he
would
ever
so
behave
himself
,
as
to
deserve
no
other
,
than
the
greatest
honour
and
applause
.
Upon
these
prudent
Considerations
it
was
that
the
Duke
resolv'd
to
write
to
the
Prince
of
Condé
,
to
entreat
he
would
please
to
accept
the
Command
that
was
offer'd
him
in
Guienne
,
assuring
him
(
as
it
was
very
true
)
that
nothing
could
be
a
greater
satisfaction
to
him
,
than
to
have
the
Honour
to
kiss
his
Hands
in
a
place
where
he
might
have
opportunity
to
give
him
some
testimonies
of
the
passionate
affection
he
had
for
his
Service
.
Neither
was
he
satisfied
with
sending
him
this
Complement
from
himself
alone
,
he
would
moreover
make
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
do
the
same
;
so
that
the
Prince
,
who
before
would
never
consent
to
take
upon
him
any
Employment
in
the
Duke's
Governments
made
thenceforward
no
difficulty
to
accept
it
:
However
,
things
not
succeeding
according
to
the
Duke's
desire
,
men
took
hence
an
occasion
to
censure
his
Discretion
,
and
to
condemn
his
Conduct
,
(
as
it
usually
falls
out
)
because
he
prov'd
unhappy
in
the
end
.
The
End
of
the
Eleventh
Book
.
THE
HISTORY
Of
the
LIFE
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
The
TWelfth
Book
.
THE
Prince
of
Condè
had
no
sooner
accepted
the
Employment
,
Ann●
1638.
but
that
a
very
ample
Commission
was
forthwith
drawn
up
for
him
,
by
virtue
whereof
he
was
to
Command
,
not
only
in
Guienne
,
but
also
in
Languedoc
,
Navarre
,
Bearne
,
and
Foix.
His
Letters
Patents
were
dispatch'd
at
St.
Germains
en
Laye
the
Tenth
of
March
;
a
Copy
of
which
the
Prince
took
care
to
send
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
the
one
and
twentieth
,
by
the
Sieur
Bonneau
his
Secreary
,
together
with
a
Letter
that
contained
these
words
.
Monsieur
,
It
is
with
great
reluctancy
,
that
by
his
Majesties
Order
I
must
go
to
Command
his
Forces
in
your
Government
,
knowing
as
I
do
,
that
to
have
his
Majesties
Service
there
well
perform'd
,
there
had
been
no
need
of
any
other
person
than
your self
,
and
Monsieur
de
la
Valette
your
Son
;
notwithstanding
such
being
his
Royal
Pleasure
I
must
of
necessity
obey
.
Of
my
Commission
I
have
here
sent
you
a
Copy
,
assuring
you
withal
,
that
in
the
exercise
of
it
,
I
shall
take
all
occasions
to
manifest
to
you
my
entire
affection
;
and
that
I
will
be
so
long
as
I
live
,
Monsieur
,
Your
Affectionate
Cousin
,
and
Humble
Servant
Henry
of
Bourbon
.
To
this
Letter
the
Duke
return'd
a
very
civil
Answer
,
The
Duke
asks
leave
to
retire
himself
to
Plassac
.
but
,
before
he
receiv'd
it
,
had
sent
to
desire
leave
to
retire
himself
to
his
House
Plassac
;
of
which
Request
though
the
pretence
was
to
enter
into
a
course
of
Physick
for
the
recovery
of
his
Health
;
yet
the
true
reason
was
,
that
he
might
be
out
of
the
way
of
having
any
Disputes
with
the
Prince
about
the
Affairs
of
his
Government
,
which
he
could
not
,
without
great
grief
,
have
seen
afflicted
with
those
miseries
wherewith
it
was
threatned
;
nor
perhaps
without
expressing
such
a
dislike
of
that
harsh
way
of
proceeding
,
as
might
have
given
him
Offence
.
A
thing
which
all
the
Friends
and
Servants
he
had
at
Court
having
foreseen
,
they
had
advis'd
him
to
this
course
;
his
Sons
,
who
were
best
acquainted
with
his
tickle
,
and
impatient
humour
,
were
of
this
advice
:
but
there
is
great
apparence
that
the
first
thoughts
of
retiring
were
inspir'd
by
the
Prince
himself
,
who
having
in
other
Employments
,
where
the
Duke
and
he
had
serv'd
together
,
had
tryal
enough
of
his
difficult
humour
,
would
no
more
be
subject
to
those
contrarieties
he
had
formerly
endur'd
,
and
had
therefore
doubtless
prompted
him
with
that
resolution
.
The
Duke's
Request
therefore
being
so
conformable
to
the
Princes
desires
,
and
to
the
sence
of
the
Court
,
it
was
no
hard
matter
for
him
to
obtain
that
in
the
quality
of
a
favour
,
which
had
doubtless
been
enjoyn'd
him
as
a
punishment
,
had
he
not
by
speaking
first
prevented
a
Command
from
the
King
to
the
same
effect
;
for
it
had
been
from
that
time
forward
(
as
it
has
been
evident
since
)
been
resolv'd
upon
to
withdraw
him
from
his
Government
,
and
to
suspend
him
from
all
the
Functions
of
his
Command
.
Nevertheless
having
lighted
so
pat
upon
the
humour
of
the
great
Ministers
,
by
the
advice
of
his
Friends
,
he
was
very
civilly
treated
in
his
Majesties
Answer
,
which
was
couch'd
in
these
terms
.
Cousin
,
Having
found
by
your
Letter
of
the
eigteenth
instant
,
and
moreover
understood
by
the
mouth
of
the
Sieur
de
Lavrilliere
the
[
](A42794-e99160-b)*
*
Secretaire
de
Commandemens
,
ou
d'Estat
,
The
four
Principal
Secretaries
,
who
in
the
Court
of
France
sign
Letters
Patents
,
and
Dispatches
of
State
.
Secretary
of
my
Dispatches
,
Anno
1637.
that
in
order
to
your
Health
,
by
the
change
of
Air
,
and
the
use
of
some
Remedies
have
been
prescrib'd
you
by
your
Physicians
,
you
desire
,
for
some
time
,
to
retire
your self
to
your
House
of
Plassac
:
I
send
you
this
to
let
you
know
,
that
any
thing
which
may
either
concern
your
health
,
or
satisfaction
being
very
pleasing
to
me
,
I
do
willingly
grant
you
the
liberty
you
desire
,
to
go
to
your
said
House
;
assuring
my self
,
that
even
from
thence
you
will
have
a
vigilant
eye
to
whatsoever
may
concern
the
good
of
my
Service
within
the
precincts
of
your
Government
.
In
the
mean
time
I
shall
pray
to
God
,
Cousin
,
to
have
you
in
his
Holy
Protection
.
From
St.
Germains
en
Laye
the
28
th
.
day
of
March
1638.
The
Duke
very
well
satisfied
with
this
answer
,
began
to
make
himself
ready
to
begin
his
Journey
,
so
soon
as
the
Prince
should
be
arriv'd
in
Guienne
;
where
,
whilst
he
waited
in
expectation
of
his
coming
,
he
pass'd
away
the
time
with
the
Duke
de
Candalé
his
eldest
Son
,
entertaining
him
with
greater
familiarity
,
and
freedom
,
than
till
that
time
he
had
ever
done
;
whose
complacency
,
and
fine
Behaviour
made
at
this
time
so
great
an
impression
upon
the
Duke
his
Father
,
that
certainly
this
Son
had
never
been
so
dear
to
him
,
as
when
he
was
upon
the
point
to
lose
him
;
in
somuch
that
his
present
joy
was
no
little
disposition
to
augment
the
approaching
grief
soon
after
occasion'd
by
his
unexpected
Death
.
The
Duke
de
la
Valette
had
in
the
interim
of
these
Dispatches
from
the
King
,
The
Duke
de
la
Valette
is
constrained
to
make
a
journey
to
Court
,
and
the
Prince
of
Condé
been
oblig'd
to
make
a
Journey
to
Court
,
to
which
he
had
been
engag'd
contrary
both
to
his
Majesties
express
Order
,
and
also
his
own
resolution
.
He
knew
very
well
the
ill
Offices
had
been
done
him
to
the
Cardinal
since
the
business
of
Corbie
,
glanc'd
at
in
the
preceding
Discourse
,
he
was
moreover
very
well
acquainted
with
the
implacable
nature
of
the
person
,
who
conceiv'd
himself
so
highly
offended
by
him
,
to
which
his
power
was
no
less
known
to
him
,
than
his
malice
;
considerations
that
altogether
had
made
him
positively
determine
not
to
put
himself
into
his
hands
,
that
he
might
not
add
to
the
number
of
those
who
had
already
tasted
the
utmost
effects
of
his
Indignation
;
choosing
rather
to
live
in
his
Government
in
safety
,
though
in
disgrace
,
than
to
expose
himself
to
the
almost
inevitable
dangers
he
was
to
wade
through
to
a
faint
,
and
dissembled
Reconciliation
.
But
how
determinate
soever
he
had
been
in
that
resolution
,
it
was
impossible
for
him
to
keep
it
;
for
those
who
had
imprudently
engag'd
his
Majesty
in
a
War
with
Spain
,
as
maliciously
made
the
Cardinal
some
overtures
of
Accommodation
,
as
a
thing
solicited
by
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
himself
,
who
desir'd
nothing
less
,
exposing
him
by
that
means
to
the
greatest
hazard
he
perhaps
ever
ran
in
the
whole
time
of
his
Life
.
The
Treaty
however
being
thus
set
on
Foot
,
the
Duke
seeing
himself
reduc'd
to
a
necessity
,
But
with
infinite
danger
either
of
breaking
openly
with
the
Cardinal
,
or
of
going
immediately
to
him
,
chose
in
truth
the
most
dangerous
course
;
but
withal
that
by
which
he
could
at
that
time
alone
secure
the
Fortune
of
his
Family
,
and
the
repose
of
the
Duke
his
Father
,
which
he
ever
preferr'd
before
his
own
particular
safety
.
This
last
consideration
therefore
prevail'd
with
him
to
undertake
this
Journey
,
so
that
he
went
to
Court
,
and
had
some
Conference
with
the
Cardinal
;
who
,
because
he
would
make
all
the
use
of
him
he
could
before
he
would
destroy
him
,
thinking
fit
to
spare
him
at
that
time
,
with
a
dissimulation
peculiar
to
himself
,
receiv'd
him
at
the
greatest
rate
of
kindness
,
and
feeedom
could
possibly
be
put
on
;
protesting
an
absolute
Oblivion
of
all
former
discontents
,
and
making
the
King
to
give
him
the
same
assurance
;
which
being
done
,
he
dismiss'd
him
,
much
more
satisfied
that
he
had
escap'd
the
present
danger
,
than
any
ways
secure
of
his
good
intention
for
the
time
to
come
At
his
return
from
this
Voyage
,
The
Frince
of
Condé
arrives
in
Guienne
.
he
found
the
Prince
of
Condé
already
arriv'd
in
Guienne
.
The
Duke
his
Father
had
receiv'd
him
at
Bordeaux
with
all
imaginable
Honours
;
wherein
,
though
doubtless
there
was
a
great
deal
due
to
his
Quality
,
as
being
a
Prince
of
the
Blood
;
yet
it
is
most
certain
,
that
in
this
unusual
complacency
the
Duke
had
an
equal
regard
to
his
Person
.
His
respect
proceeded
so
far
,
that
not
content
to
pay
him
all
the
deference
,
and
submission
he
was
capable
of
in
his
own
person
,
he
would
moreover
extend
his
civility
further
,
by
employing
his
Authority
,
and
interest
with
the
Parliament
of
that
City
for
his
full
satisfaction
.
The
Prince
would
that
at
their
coming
to
visit
him
,
they
should
Complement
him
by
the
title
of
Monseigneur
,
and
the
Company
insisted
upon
the
contrary
,
as
a
term
at
that
time
not
in
use
:
but
the
Duke
interposing
thereupon
,
the
Interest
he
had
in
the
Deputies
of
that
Assembly
,
prevail'd
with
them
so
far
,
that
the
Ceremony
pass'd
in
the
end
according
to
the
Princes
desire
.
All
these
Civilities
paid
by
way
of
advance
,
met
not
however
with
that
acknowledgement
the
Duke
had
reason
to
expect
;
he
was
not
ignorant
,
that
although
the
Prince
us'd
him
with
respect
enough
in
outward
shew
,
he
nevertheless
did
him
underhand
all
the
ill
Offices
he
could
;
he
knew
that
scarce
any
,
but
such
as
were
his
known
,
and
declared
Enemies
,
were
admitted
to
his
presence
:
That
he
made
himself
merry
with
Stories
they
reported
of
his
behaviour
,
and
was
very
attentive
to
,
if
not
inquisitive
after
the
Informations
of
such
as
were
discontented
with
him
:
all
which
notwithstanding
,
the
Duke
very
secure
in
the
Conscience
of
his
own
Conduct
,
did
not
much
concern
himself
at
this
unfriendly
way
of
proceeding
,
but
continued
to
live
with
the
Prince
at
the
same
respective
rate
,
paying
him
all
imaginable
Honours
;
and
the
inclination
he
had
for
his
Service
making
him
slight
,
or
give
little
credit
to
those
flying
rumours
that
daily
came
to
his
ear
,
he
could
not
be
jealous
in
the
least
of
an
Affection
he
had
by
so
many
Titles
so
highly
deserv'd
.
It
is
also
true
that
the
Prince
on
the
other
side
shew'd
him
in
publick
the
best
countenance
he
could
possibly
put
on
,
would
do
him
the
honour
to
dine
with
him
at
his
House
,
and
to
that
purpose
invited
himself
,
where
the
Duke
entertain'd
him
after
his
accustomed
manner
,
and
with
a
splendour
natural
to
him
upon
such
eminent
occasions
.
To
this
Entertainment
the
Prince
brought
some
of
his
particular
Servants
,
as
the
Duke
also
invited
some
of
his
own
Friends
;
so
that
the
Company
consisted
of
eighteen
persons
.
It
has
been
thought
by
some
,
that
this
was
an
appointment
purposely
contriv'd
by
the
Prince
,
and
those
about
him
,
to
make
themselves
merry
with
the
good
old
man
,
and
with
an
intent
to
put
him
upon
an
extravagant
recital
of
his
old
actions
,
full
of
Honour
,
and
Glory
,
to
turn
afterwards
his
Gascon
humour
into
Mirth
,
and
Laughter
.
Neither
did
they
fail
to
tempt
him
to
it
,
by
falling
into
discourse
of
his
Favour
,
Wars
,
Mistrisses
,
and
other
things
,
which
vain
and
ambitious
men
are
commonly
well
enough
pleas'd
withal
,
that
they
may
have
an
occasion
to
vent
their
vain-glory
,
by
speaking
loud
in
their
own
praises
;
but
the
wise
old
Duke
deceiv'd
their
expectation
;
answering
to
all
that
was
propounded
with
so
great
modesty
,
and
discretion
,
and
therein
so
highly
satisfying
all
the
Company
,
as
gave
the
Prince
impressions
much
contrary
to
those
wherewith
he
had
perhaps
been
prepossess'd
,
confirming
him
more
than
ever
in
the
opinion
of
his
vertue
,
which
to
him
was
already
well
known
,
and
that
to
such
a
degree
,
that
rising
from
the
Table
,
full
of
admiration
,
at
so
prudent
,
and
so
happy
an
old
Age
,
I
my self
heard
him
say
to
some
of
his
Confidents
,
who
perhaps
had
been
brought
thither
to
have
their
share
of
the
sport
,
that
certainly
(
speaking
of
the
Duke
)
he
was
the
greatest
man
in
the
world
.
But
how
great
soever
he
might
be
,
he
was
not
,
it
seems
,
so
happy
to
please
him
now
,
as
he
had
been
at
other
times
;
and
either
the
Prince
had
chang'd
his
inclination
with
the
face
of
Affairs
,
or
if
he
yet
retain'd
a
kindness
for
him
,
the
strict
Orders
he
had
receiv'd
from
Court
,
would
not
give
him
leave
to
discover
it
;
so
that
he
grew
impatient
of
his
stay
at
Bordeaux
,
from
whence
also
the
Duke
was
resolv'd
not
to
depart
,
till
some
Assignments
were
first
paid
him
,
lest
after
his
back
should
be
once
turn'd
,
that
money
might
be
converted
to
other
use
.
The
delays
therefore
growing
insupportable
to
the
Prince
,
he
resolv'd
to
complain
of
them
to
the
Court
,
from
whence
that
he
might
the
more
speedily
obtain
the
thing
he
desir'd
(
which
was
a
positive
command
for
the
Duke
to
depart
the
Province
)
he
accompanied
his
Complaint
with
a
very
ill
Office
,
which
though
deriv'd
from
a
very
light
occasion
,
yet
in
the
evil
aspect
of
the
ruling
Planets
of
that
time
,
the
least
pretext
was
but
too
powerful
an
argument
to
prejudice
a
man
already
proscrib'd
for
ruine
.
It
was
then
no
hard
matter
for
the
Prince
to
obtain
his
desire
of
the
Court
,
and
that
in
terms
of
the
greatest
severity
,
it
being
said
that
he
had
Orders
for
the
Duke
to
depart
from
Bordeaux
without
further
delay
,
and
to
retire
himself
to
his
House
Plassac
,
according
to
the
leave
he
had
desir'd
,
and
obtain'd
,
with
an
Injunction
moreover
not
to
stir
from
thence
till
his
Majesties
further
Pleasure
.
It
should
seem
that
the
Prince
would
retain
so
much
respect
for
the
Duke
upon
this
occasion
,
as
not
to
afflict
him
before
his
departure
with
the
knowledge
of
this
severe
Command
,
contenting
himself
with
communicating
the
Dispatch
to
some
few
only
of
the
Duke's
Friends
,
and
Enemies
,
without
delivering
it
to
himself
:
but
not
one
of
his
Friends
would
take
upon
him
to
be
the
bearer
of
so
unwelcome
news
,
all
of
them
generally
aprehending
lest
the
Duke
,
after
so
ill
usage
,
and
so
contrary
from
what
he
had
reason
to
expect
at
the
Princes
hands
,
might
lash
out
into
some
passionate
expressions
,
that
would
beget
ill
blood
betwixt
them
.
At
last
he
departed
from
Bordeaux
in
May
,
when
not
conceiving
himself
to
be
so
ill
us'd
either
by
the
Prince
or
the
Court
,
as
he
really
was
,
before
he
began
his
Journey
,
he
would
go
to
receive
his
Commands
;
where
after
some
expressions
of
Complement
,
and
Respect
,
he
told
him
,
That
he
was
going
to
undertake
a
War
,
wherein
he
would
infallibly
meet
with
greater
difficulties
than
had
been
represented
to
him
:
That
it
was
not
likely
the
King
of
Spain
,
whose
Power
throughout
all
Europe
was
sufficiently
known
,
would
suffer
one
of
the
best
places
of
his
Dominions
to
be
lost
,
without
attempting
to
relieve
it
:
That
he
did
therefore
humbly
beseech
his
Highness
,
if
any
occasion
should
happen
wherein
he
might
be
serviceable
,
either
to
the
King
,
or
to
himself
,
he
would
be
pleas'd
to
honour
him
with
his
Commands
;
that
in
case
he
would
do
him
that
favour
,
he
would
engage
within
fifteen
days
after
he
should
receive
his
Summons
,
to
bring
him
a
thousand
Gentlemen
to
the
Frontier
,
at
the
head
of
whom
he
should
take
it
for
a
great
glory
to
die
,
thereby
to
acquire
his
Highness
the
Honour
of
a
signal
Victory
.
The
Duke
might
without
all
doubt
have
been
a
great
deal
better
than
his
word
,
had
he
been
made
use
of
upon
this
occasion
,
and
have
rendred
by
that
means
the
Battel
of
Fontarabie
as
illustrious
,
and
successful
,
as
it
prov'd
cloudy
,
and
malevolent
to
the
French
R●nown
.
The
Duke
was
no
sooner
gone
,
but
that
the
Prince
began
to
prepare
all
things
for
the
War
.
The
Land
Army
by
the
exceeding
diligence
he
used
was
quickly
set
on
foot
:
but
the
Sea
Forces
were
so
long
in
making
ready
,
that
the
Prince
impatient
of
their
delays
,
by
which
he
was
likely
to
lose
the
season
,
and
opportunity
of
doing
the
Service
the
King
expected
from
him
,
advanc'd
to
the
Frontier
,
invested
the
place
,
and
began
the
Siege
.
The
Enemy
alarm'd
at
the
vigour
,
and
Celerity
,
wherewith
the
Prince
made
his
Approaches
by
Land
in
order
to
the
taking
of
the
place
,
having
the
Sea
open
to
them
,
two
several
times
convey'd
Relief
into
the
Fortress
in
the
very
face
of
our
Land
Army
,
The
Royal
Army
baffled
before
Fontarabie
.
and
at
one
of
those
put
a
Governour
into
it
;
a
Relief
of
so
infinite
importance
,
as
that
it
was
first
the
cause
of
the
places
preservation
,
and
afterwards
of
the
disaster
that
befel
the
Royal
Arms.
I
shall
not
trouble
my
Reader
with
a
long
Narrative
of
the
manner
of
this
Siege
,
I
could
on
the
contrary
wish
it
were
in
my
power
to
extinguish
the
memory
of
it
for
ever
;
not
that
the
Enemy
however
obtain'd
any
so
signal
reputation
by
it
,
they
only
making
use
of
a
kind
of
Lethargy
,
of
which
our
whole
Army
was
at
that
time
sick
;
so
that
although
they
made
shift
to
kill
a
few
people
,
that
lay
without
motion
,
and
consequently
uncapable
of
any
resistance
;
yet
had
they
no
other
advantage
by
it
,
than
what
their
Fortune
,
and
our
mischance
combin'd
together
put
into
their
hands
,
even
beyond
their
own
aim
,
or
expectation
.
And
this
is
all
I
should
have
said
of
this
business
,
had
not
some
endeavour'd
to
have
engag'd
the
Duke
de
la
Valett's
Honour
in
the
miscarriage
:
but
his
interests
being
not
to
be
separated
from
those
of
the
Duke
his
Father
,
and
the
concern
here
being
the
vindication
of
Truth
,
and
the
defence
of
both
their
Honours
,
from
Calumny
,
and
the
malice
of
malevolent
men
,
I
co●ceive
I
may
here
be
permitted
to
say
(
always
retaining
the
respect
due
to
those
who
were
not
very
favourable
to
them
)
that
it
is
not
to
be
deny'd
,
For
which
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
is
unj●stly
bl●m'd
.
but
that
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
was
the
first
man
,
who
going
over
on
foot
,
and
up
to
the
middle
in
water
,
at
the
head
of
the
Army
open'd
the
way
into
the
Enemies
Country
,
beating
them
from
the
Trenches
they
had
cast
up
upon
the
Banks
of
the
River
,
to
defend
that
Pass
:
That
at
the
Quarter
where
he
commanded
in
the
Siege
,
Reasons
for
his
Justification
.
he
had
very
much
advanc'd
his
Approaches
,
and
so
as
had
infallibly
reduc'd
the
place
to
a
necessity
of
being
taken
on
that
side
,
had
it
not
been
reliev'd
:
neither
is
it
to
be
contradicted
,
but
that
he
gave
advice
to
Fight
th●
Relief
so
soon
as
ever
it
began
to
appear
.
They
know
moreover
very
well
,
that
he
had
nothing
at
all
to
do
in
the
Siege
,
at
the
time
it
was
rais'd
,
he
having
resign'd
his
Post
to
the
Archbishop
of
Bordeaux
,
by
express
Order
from
the
Prince
,
and
under
his
own
hand
;
that
he
was
above
a
League
distant
from
the
Battel
,
when
it
was
sought
,
and
that
being
totally
ignorant
of
the
disorder
,
till
he
had
it
from
the
Run-aways
,
who
brought
the
Alarm
into
his
Quarters
;
he
thereupon
immediately
put
himself
into
the
head
of
those
men
he
had
with
him
:
That
he
rallied
as
many
as
he
could
of
those
that
were
squandered
,
and
that
with
these
,
and
his
own
men
having
staid
the
pursuit
of
the
Conquerours
,
he
by
that
means
preserved
all
those
,
who
had
escap'd
from
the
Defeat
.
These
truths
,
though
sufficiently
known
to
all
the
world
,
were
not
nevertheless
of
force
to
hinder
his
Enemies
from
laying
the
whole
miscarriage
of
this
business
at
his
door
,
and
from
charging
him
,
who
was
certainly
innocent
,
with
the
fault
of
ten
thousand
who
were
guilty
.
He
was
not
so
much
as
permitted
without
a
Crime
,
to
set
a
manly
coun●enance
upon
this
disaster
,
or
to
manifest
his
Courage
,
and
Assurance
upon
so
dangerous
an
occasion
;
even
his
Valour
,
and
constancy
(
an
unheard
of
injustice
)
were
the
main
things
in
his
Accusation
,
it
being
objected
against
him
that
he
was
glad
of
the
mischance
,
and
was
observ'd
to
laugh
at
the
Defeat
;
because
he
did
not
appear
dejected
,
and
shew'd
a
countenance
,
void
of
fear
,
and
confusion
.
He
was
not
however
so
unjust
to
them
,
but
has
ever
commended
(
as
there
was
just
cause
)
both
the
Actions
,
and
Intentions
of
those
who
commanded
at
this
Siege
,
never
doubting
in
the
least
of
their
Sincerity
,
and
passionate
desire
to
serve
the
King
effectually
,
and
well
;
and
ever
believing
,
that
had
their
Valour
been
seconded
,
as
it
ought
to
have
been
,
they
would
have
obtain'd
those
advantages
over
the
Enemy
,
was
reasonably
to
be
expected
from
their
Bravery
,
and
good
Conduct
:
But
if
the
chance
of
Arms
was
contrary
to
them
,
if
the
panick
Terror
that
seiz'd
the
Souldier
,
would
not
permit
them
to
follow
the
example
of
their
Leaders
;
and
if
his
Counsels
which
would
have
procur'd
safety
to
the
Army
were
not
follow'd
,
or
approv'd
,
why
should
he
be
rendred
criminal
,
for
not
having
been
able
to
prevail
upon
the
humours
,
or
opinions
of
other
men
?
Some
days
before
this
Disgrace
hapned
,
the
Duke
of
Espernon
had
return'd
without
Order
into
his
Government
,
after
having
continued
some
months
at
his
House
Plassac
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon
returns
without
Order
from
the
King
inhis
Government
of
Guienne
.
wherein
his
design
in
truth
was
to
have
pass'd
away
his
time
in
repose
at
his
other
House
Cadillac
,
without
intermedling
at
all
with
the
trouble
of
Affairs
:
neither
would
he
so
much
as
go
to
Bordeaux
,
to
the
end
that
what
accident
soever
should
happen
,
nothing
might
reflect
upon
him
;
nor
that
he
might
any
ways
appear
responsible
for
the
event
of
things
,
which
he
ever
apprehended
would
be
finister
enough
;
and
seeing
the
Orders
had
been
left
in
the
Province
,
deposited
in
the
hands
of
men
of
very
little
Experience
,
and
Authority
,
and
who
had
scarce
any
other
argument
to
recommend
them
to
that
trust
,
save
only
the
hatred
they
openly
bare
to
him
;
he
very
well
judg'd
by
the
apparence
(
which
prov'd
also
in
the
end
but
too
certain
)
that
from
these
Orders
ill
executed
(
as
they
were
like
to
be
)
nothing
but
disaster
,
and
confusion
could
ensue
.
Whilst
the
Duke
liv'd
in
apprehension
of
this
mishap
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon
receive●
news
of
the
B●rth
of
the
Dolphin
.
he
receiv'd
the
joyfullest
news
that
could
possibly
arrive
,
which
was
,
that
of
the
Birth
of
Monsegnieur
the
Dolphin
,
the
same
whom
we
now
see
reigning
,
with
so
much
Glory
,
and
Happiness
in
the
Throne
of
France
,
that
there
is
not
that
prosperity
can
fall
within
the
limits
of
Humane
Expectation
,
we
may
not
reasonably
promise
to
our selves
from
so
auspicious
a
beginning
.
By
a
Dispatch
from
the
King
,
dated
the
fifth
of
September
(
the
precise
day
of
this
illustrious
Birth
)
the
Duke
was
to
order
a
publick
Thanksgiving
,
and
to
cause
Bonfires
to
be
made
for
Joy
of
this
Blessing
to
his
Majesty
,
and
the
whole
Kingdom
.
The
Courrier
,
who
had
been
expressly
dispatch'd
away
to
the
Duke
,
having
found
him
at
Cadillac
(
willing
(
without
all
doubt
)
to
flatter
his
credulity
)
told
him
,
That
it
was
his
Majesties
desire
he
should
himself
in
person
be
assisting
at
the
Ceremonies
which
were
to
be
perform'd
in
the
City
of
Bordeaux
,
to
render
the
Solemnity
the
more
I●lustrious
by
his
Presence
;
a
deceit
that
gave
a
strange
addition
of
joy
to
the
good
old
Duke
,
who
could
not
in
himself
but
hug
and
applaud
his
own
foresight
,
by
which
he
had
so
seasonably
prevented
the
King's
desire
;
and
in
that
pleasing
error
he
departed
from
Cadillac
the
29
th
.
of
the
same
month
to
go
to
Bordeaux
,
where
being
arriv'd
,
he
began
the
very
same
Evening
by
Bonfires
,
thundering
of
Cannon
,
and
by
infinite
numbers
of
Lights
,
set
up
in
all
the
Windows
of
the
City
,
to
manifest
no
less
his
own
,
than
the
public
contentment
;
and
for
a
final
testimony
of
the
high
satisfaction
he
had
receiv'd
by
this
good
news
,
he
rewarded
the
Courrier
with
a
Chain
of
Gold
,
to
the
value
of
500.
Crowns
,
which
he
gave
him
at
the
time
he
dismiss'd
him
back
with
his
answer
to
the
King
.
But
the
inundation
of
this
Joy
,
The
Duke
receives
news
of
the
Defeat
of
Fontarabie
.
than
which
nothing
could
be
greater
,
was
(
as
it
commonly
falls
out
)
only
a
fore●runner
of
the
worst
tidings
could
almost
arrive
,
which
was
the
disaster
of
Fontarabie
,
a
private
and
uncertain
murmur
of
the
defeat
of
our
Army
arising
even
in
the
height
of
these
publick
Solemnities
,
and
Acclamations
;
and
as
ill
News
does
for
the
most
part
prove
too
true
;
so
this
which
for
the
space
of
two
,
or
three
hours
was
a
rumour
only
,
pass'd
on
a
sudden
for
certain
,
and
met
●o
little
contradiction
,
that
the
truth
of
it
was
no
longer
to
be
doubted
.
The
Duke
of
Espernon
,
though
infinitely
surpriz'd
,
at
this
evil
success
;
yet
not
believing
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
could
be
any
ways
accomptable
for
the
miscarriage
,
he
was
at
present
no
further
afflicted
at
it
,
than
for
what
concern'd
the
prejudice
he
saw
must
thence
of
necessity
derive
to
the
prosperity
of
his
Majesties
Affairs
,
and
the
reputation
of
his
Arms
:
but
understanding
soon
after
that
their
commond
Enemies
endeavour'd
to
lay
the
blame
of
this
baffle
upon
the
Duke
his
Son
,
he
then
began
prudently
to
apprehend
,
that
in
the
evil
dispositions
of
the
Court
against
them
at
that
time
,
such
as
were
emulous
of
their
Vertue
,
or
that
had
particular
animosities
to
the
person
either
of
the
one
,
or
the
other
,
would
with
great
eagerness
embrace
this
occasion
,
though
infinitely
remote
,
to
work
their
desired
ruine
.
As
if
therefore
he
had
at
a
distance
discover'd
the
Cloud
that
was
gather'd
to
break
upon
him
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon
returns
to
Plass●c
.
he
withdrew
himself
insensibly
from
Bordeaux
,
under
colour
of
going
to
visit
his
Territories
in
Medoc
,
where
he
receiv'd
the
first
Command
by
the
ordinary
way
of
the
Post
to
return
to
Plassac
,
and
from
thence
not
to
stir
,
till
his
Majesties
further
pleasure
;
and
presently
after
had
another
brought
him
by
Millers
one
of
the
Gentlemen
in
ordinary
to
the
King
.
This
Gentlemen
had
been
expressly
dispatch'd
to
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
,
to
summon
him
from
the
King
,
to
come
render
his
Majesty
an
account
of
his
actions
;
whom
he
also
found
very
ready
to
obey
the
Order
,
and
to
begin
his
Journey
so
soon
as
he
should
receive
permission
so
to
do
,
by
the
return
of
a
Gentleman
,
he
had
dispatch'd
away
to
his
Majesty
for
that
purpose
,
upon
the
intimation
he
had
receiv'd
of
the
ill
Offices
had
been
done
him
at
Court.
As
for
the
Duke
of
Espernon
having
prevented
this
second
Order
,
by
his
early
retiring
,
Milleres
found
him
already
at
Plassac
;
from
whence
he
also
never
after
departed
till
three
,
or
four
years
after
,
that
he
went
to
end
his
days
at
Loches
.
Though
it
be
no
part
of
my
design
to
anticipate
the
minds
of
men
by
extraordinary
accidents
,
or
to
forge
,
and
obtrude
upon
their
belief
Predictions
,
and
Prodigies
,
to
render
the
person
of
whom
I
speak
more
venerable
,
and
esteem'd
;
I
ought
not
,
I
conceive
,
nevertheless
to
omit
such
memorable
accidents
,
as
sometimes
hapned
during
the
progress
of
this
long
and
illustrious
Life
.
I
shall
therefore
tell
you
,
A
very
extraordinary
accident
by
L●g●●ning
.
that
when
the
Duke
parted
from
Bordeaux
to
go
this
Journey
into
Medoc
,
of
which
I
was
now
speaking
,
he
commanded
me
to
stay
behind
in
the
City
,
there
to
expect
his
return
.
According
to
which
Order
I
remain'd
in
the
Town
,
when
hapning
one
afternoon
to
be
in
a
House
opposite
to
the
Duke's
Place
of
Puipaulin
,
about
three
,
or
four
of
the
Clock
,
on
a
sudden
,
though
the
day
was
exceeding
clear
,
and
bright
,
there
arose
so
violent
a
Storm
,
that
after
two
,
or
three
Claps
of
Thunder
,
a
Bolt
falling
upon
the
highest
Tower
of
his
Lodgings
,
first
carried
away
part
of
the
covering
,
and
from
thence
piercing
through
the
roof
of
the
main
Body
of
the
House
,
set
fire
on
some
Furniture
of
considerable
value
,
that
were
bestow'd
in
the
Garret
,
from
whence
descending
lower
into
the
Duke
's
own
Chamber
,
it
made
a
great
Breach
in
the
Chimney
,
and
thence
piercing
further
still
into
the
Chamber
underneath
the
same
,
wherein
his
Sons
were
us'd
to
lie
,
it
left
its
mark
there
also
in
the
Transom
of
a
Window
,
which
it
brake
in
two
pieces
,
and
proceeded
thence
to
lose
it self
in
the
Foundations
of
the
Fabrick
.
Who
is
it
that
would
not
have
been
strook
at
this
ill
Omen
?
I
must
confess
that
at
that
time
I
was
rather
willing
to
ranek
this
accident
amongst
things
of
chance
,
than
thence
to
derive
conjectures
of
any
misadventure
to
come
;
considering
the
Portent
(
if
such
it
were
)
threatned
him
,
in
whose
Honour
,
and
good
Fortune
,
I
was
my self
so
nearly
concern'd
:
So
that
all
I
made
of
it
was
to
run
to
the
Lodging
with
a
Kinsman
of
mine
,
who
had
been
spectator
with
me
of
this
Tempest
,
to
look
if
the
flash
of
Lightning
we
had
seen
to
dart
upon
the
Tower
,
had
not
fir'd
the
House
;
which
prov'd
to
be
no
unseasonable
precaution
,
we
finding
the
Furniture
already
flaming
,
so
as
to
threaten
the
whole
Pile
with
a
total
ruine
:
but
we
made
shift
to
get
it
suddenly
quench'd
,
which
was
also
the
only
fruit
of
our
Care
,
and
all
that
could
be
done
upon
that
occasion
.
The
Duke
was
no
sooner
arriv'd
at
his
House
Plassac
,
but
that
he
understood
by
Haumont
,
whom
he
had
a
few
days
before
dispatch'd
to
Court
,
Passionate
expressions
of
the
Cardinal
agai●st
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
.
to
what
a
degree
the
King
had
been
incens'd
against
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
his
Son
;
the
Cardinal
having
declar'd
so
highly
against
him
,
as
to
protest
in
publick
,
That
he
would
in
this
case
execute
the
Office
of
the
King's
Attorney
General
in
his
prosecution
(
which
were
his
express
words
)
and
that
his
Majesty
had
not
forgot
the
business
of
Corbie
;
nor
as
yet
granted
him
an
Indemnity
concerning
that
Affair
.
To
be
short
,
he
appear'd
so
immeasurably
animated
against
him
,
that
no
one
doubted
of
the
Duke
de
la
Valett's
manifest
ruine
,
should
he
in
this
juncture
of
Affairs
adventure
to
go
to
Court
.
He
had
notwithstanding
put
himself
upon
his
way
in
order
to
that
Journey
,
when
being
arriv'd
near
B●rdeaux
,
he
there
receiv'd
information
of
the
evil
dispositions
of
the
Court
towards
him
,
and
above
all
,
that
the
business
of
Corbie
was
still
upon
Record
(
for
as
touching
that
of
Fontarabie
,
he
was
not
much
concern'd
)
which
made
him
send
an
express
Dispatch
to
the
Duke
his
Father
,
to
entreat
him
,
that
by
some
one
of
his
Servants
,
in
whom
they
might
equally
confide
,
he
would
send
him
his
opinion
concerning
his
Journey
to
the
King
.
This
Servant
accordingly
arriv'd
at
Bordeaux
the
same
day
that
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
himself
came
thither
,
where
he
told
him
from
the
Duke
his
Father
,
That
in
an
Affair
of
the
importance
of
that
which
was
now
in
agitation
,
he
ought
not
to
expect
advice
from
a
Father
,
who
was
much
more
solicitous
of
his
safety
than
he
himself
could
be
:
That
herein
his
tenderness
and
affection
ought
to
stand
equally
suspected
to
them
both
:
That
as
he
durst
not
give
him
counsel
to
go
to
Court
,
knowing
as
he
did
,
to
what
a
dangerous
degree
it
was
animated
against
him
;
so
could
he
not
advise
him
to
depart
the
Kingdom
,
perhaps
never
to
see
his
face
again
:
That
therefore
he
was
himself
to
clear
all
those
doubts
,
and
thereupon
to
form
his
own
determination
;
wherein
if
he
should
resolve
upon
withdrawing
himself
out
of
France
,
By
which
he
is
diverted
from
going
to
Cour●
.
he
was
by
no
means
of
opinion
that
he
ought
to
engage
his
Safety
on
this
side
so
many
Rivers
,
to
come
to
take
his
leave
of
him
,
lest
his
Enemies
might
take
that
opportunity
to
attempt
something
upon
his
Person
:
That
so
short
a
Visit
would
only
serve
to
augment
their
mutual
Affliction
:
That
he
was
therefore
to
have
patience
,
and
to
reserve
himself
for
better
times
:
And
that
he
might
assure
himself
of
his
Affection
,
which
should
never
be
wanting
to
him
,
whatever
could
possibly
arrive
.
We
are
now
come
to
the
time
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
greatest
Disgraces
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon's
D●sgraces
.
which
from
henceforward
also
were
continual
,
and
unintermitted
to
the
hour
of
his
Death
;
and
Fortune
,
who
had
hitherto
made
a
shew
of
going
hand
in
hand
with
Vertue
,
and
Prudence
in
the
conduct
of
his
Life
,
by
a
volubility
,
by
so
much
the
more
dangerous
and
unseasonable
,
as
it
was
the
less
suspected
,
and
unforeseen
,
now
totally
forsook
his
Interests
to
leave
him
in
the
Arms
,
and
to
the
protection
of
his
own
single
Vertue
.
The
first
,
and
the
rudest
shock
his
constancy
could
possibly
receive
,
was
the
absence
of
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
his
beloved
Son
;
which
after
he
had
a
few
days
lamented
,
H●
is
depos'd
of
his
Government
.
with
the
tenderness
,
and
compassion
of
an
excellent
,
and
passionately
affectionate
Father
,
he
had
news
brought
him
of
a
rumour
,
that
was
already
spread
at
Bordeaux
,
that
the
Prince
of
Condé
was
to
be
made
sole
Governour
of
Guienne
,
and
had
already
receiv'd
Orders
to
dispossess
him
of
Chasteau-Trompette
,
therein
to
place
one
of
the
King
's
Domestick
Servants
.
The
Duke
had
all
his
best
Furniture
,
besides
other
Riches
,
laid
up
in
this
place
;
who
having
not
so
much
as
once
dream'd
of
being
so
suddenly
divested
of
his
Command
,
had
not
consequently
at
his
departure
out
of
the
Province
,
remov'd
any
thing
from
thence
:
Sudden
order
was
therefore
to
be
taken
in
an
Affair
of
this
importance
,
and
even
the
very
moments
of
time
to
be
husbanded
,
which
also
were
not
many
more
,
than
was
necessary
for
the
effecting
his
purpose
.
Those
to
whose
fidelity
and
care
he
entrusted
the
management
of
this
business
were
so
diligent
,
and
so
faithful
,
that
in
one
night
,
they
secur'd
to
the
value
of
above
a
million
of
Livers
,
what
in
Money
,
Jewels
,
and
Plate
;
of
which
the
Money
,
and
Jewels
were
carried
to
Plassac
,
and
there
safe
deliver'd
into
his
own
hands
,
and
the
Plate
was
convey'd
to
Cadillac
,
and
all
done
with
so
great
secresie
,
that
those
to
whom
the
Government
of
the
place
was
a
few
days
after
committed
,
expected
to
have
found
all
this
Treasure
there
;
which
if
they
had
,
it
would
have
been
in
great
danger
of
being
put
into
the
King's
hands
,
as
the
Arms
,
and
other
of
the
Duke
's
own
peculiar
Goods
were
,
which
he
could
never
again
recover
,
to
the
hour
of
his
Death
.
So
soon
as
they
had
thus
stript
the
Duke
of
his
Command
,
The
D●ke
of
Espernon
calumniate●
and
wrested
tho●e
places
he
held
in
Guienne
out
of
his
hands
,
their
common
Enemies
began
openly
to
labour
the
persecution
not
only
of
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
,
but
of
the
Duke
his
Father
also
;
wherein
the
Father
being
no
ways
questionable
for
the
disafter
of
Fontarabie
,
as
having
had
nothing
at
all
to
do
in
that
Affair
,
he
was
blemish'd
with
all
the
ignominy
that
malice
could
invent
,
or
the
tongue
of
Calumny
utter
,
against
a
man
of
Fidelity
,
and
Honour
;
and
his
Son
,
who
by
his
absence
lay
expos'd
to
all
the
mischief
was
intended
against
him
,
was
proceeded
against
as
a
Criminal
,
and
a
Traytor
.
In
order
to
the
Duke
de
la
Valett's
Tryal
,
Accusers
,
and
Witnesses
were
found
out
,
some
whereof
were
frighted
by
menaces
,
and
others
suborn'd
by
money
(
for
nothing
was
spar'd
upon
this
occasion
)
into
these
excellent
Offices
;
and
out
of
this
kind
of
Evidence
an
Information
was
suddenly
drawn
up
,
sufficient
to
darken
,
and
overwhelm
the
clearest
,
and
most
unspotted
innocence
in
the
world
.
The
Intercessions
,
and
Services
of
the
Duke
de
Candale
,
and
the
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
,
who
commanded
the
Army
of
Italy
were
fruitless
,
and
invalid
upon
this
occasion
;
nay
,
they
had
much
ado
to
prevail
for
a
little
Truce
,
and
cessation
from
those
persecutions
,
wherewith
the
Ruling
Powers
were
resolv'd
to
disquiet
the
old
Age
of
the
Duke
their
Father
;
and
that
was
granted
to
them
in
the
quality
of
an
extraordinary
Grace
,
and
Favour
,
which
was
hardly
to
be
excus'd
without
shame
:
With
so
unjust
a
return
were
they
rewarded
for
the
expence
of
their
Fortunes
,
the
hazard
of
their
Lives
,
and
their
continual
vigilancy
and
care
,
with
an
Army
unfurnish'd
of
all
necessaries
of
War
,
to
withstand
the
greatest
power
of
the
most
dangerous
Enemies
to
the
Crown
,
and
Kingdom
.
All
these
Afflictions
,
Anno
1639.
how
great
soever
,
were
yet
but
the
forerunners
of
those
,
which
by
the
Divine
Justice
,
or
Bounty
were
prepar'd
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon
falls
dangerously
sick
.
wherewith
to
exercise
the
Duke's
Vertue
.
They
soon
shifted
from
outward
things
,
to
wound
him
more
sensibly
in
his
own
person
;
and
whether
it
were
the
unkindness
he
took
at
the
ill
usage
he
daily
suffer'd
,
or
the
infirmities
of
his
very
great
Age
only
,
that
occasion'd
his
distemper
,
so
it
was
that
he
fell
into
the
most
acute
,
and
most
dangerous
Disease
,
he
had
ever
before
sustain'd
,
during
the
whole
course
of
his
Life
.
He
was
for
four
months
together
seiz'd
with
a
defluxion
of
Rhume
,
by
which
all
his
Members
were
strangely
benumm'd
,
and
that
numness
accompanied
with
excessive
dolours
in
all
his
parts
:
from
which
pain
he
no
sooner
began
to
find
some
ease
the
March
following
,
but
that
the
joy
of
his
Amendment
was
soon
quash'd
with
the
sad
news
of
the
Death
of
the
Duke
de
Candale
his
eldest
Son
.
The
Death
of
the
Duke
de
Candale
.
This
Son
,
become
infinitely
dear
to
the
Duke
his
Father
since
his
last
Visit
,
lay
at
Cazal
with
part
of
the
Army
he
had
in
charge
joyntly
with
the
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
his
Brother
;
where
the
tenth
day
of
March
,
falling
ill
of
a
Tertian
Ague
,
and
that
growing
to
a
double
Tertian
at
the
third
Fit
,
and
afterwards
to
an
unintermitted
Fever
,
it
prov'd
in
the
end
mortal
the
eleventh
day
of
his
Sickness
.
The
Cardinal
his
Brother
immediately
upon
this
accident
dispatch'd
away
a
Courrier
to
the
Duke
their
Father
to
acquaint
him
with
it
;
but
some
days
pass'd
over
before
any
one
durst
tell
him
the
news
,
for
fear
left
the
grief
,
which
could
not
but
be
exceeding
great
,
might
cause
him
to
relapse
into
his
former
disposition
,
from
which
also
he
was
yet
but
upon
the
mending
hand
.
At
last
his
Servants
apprehending
it
might
by
some
,
or
other
be
indiscreetly
and
unseasonably
blurted
out
,
they
conceiv'd
it
better
with
some
preparatory
arguments
,
to
sweeten
the
bitterness
of
his
loss
,
to
make
him
acquainted
with
it
,
than
to
detain
him
still
in
ignorance
of
a
thing
,
which
could
not
always
,
nor
very
long
be
conceal'd
from
him
.
The
Duke
had
kept
about
him
during
all
the
time
of
his
last
Sickness
,
a
Father
Capuchin
,
in
whom
he
repos'd
a
singular
Confidence
:
This
good
Father
therefore
as
he
was
one
day
talking
with
him
,
having
fall'n
into
a
Discourse
of
the
inconstancy
of
Humane
Life
,
and
the
necessity
of
dying
,
and
therein
slip'd
in
some
mention
of
the
Duke
de
Candale's
Sickness
,
the
Duke
presently
understood
the
rest
,
and
thereupon
spar'd
the
good
man
the
pains
of
any
further
preparation
.
When
his
countenance
,
wherein
before
this
part
of
their
Discourse
something
of
chearfulness
had
appear'd
,
suddenly
changing
into
a
more
severe
Gravity
(
though
only
so
as
to
compose
it
to
his
constancy
)
he
said
,
Father
,
I
have
ever
been
dispos'd
to
submit
my self
,
and
all
my
concerns
to
the
good
pleasure
of
God
;
and
I
beseech
him
of
his
goodness
to
give
me
Fortitude
enough
to
conform
my self
also
to
it
upon
this
occasion
:
My
Son
is
dead
,
I
am
certain
of
it
;
and
if
he
died
in
the
fear
of
God
,
he
is
happier
than
we
,
at
least
out
of
the
reach
of
those
persecutions
Fortune
is
preparing
for
us
who
are
left
behind
.
After
which
they
presented
him
the
Letters
that
contain'd
the
Relation
of
his
Death
;
by
which
the
Duke
being
satisfied
,
it
had
been
very
constant
,
and
Christian
,
he
said
again
,
That
he
praised
God
from
the
bottom
of
his
heart
,
that
in
depriving
him
of
one
of
his
chiefest
comforts
,
he
had
yet
left
him
the
hope
in
a
short
time
to
see
his
●on
in
a
better
Life
.
He
afterwards
entertain'd
himself
some
time
in
pious
Discourse
with
that
Holy
Man
;
after
which
being
again
laid
in
bed
,
that
he
yet
quitted
not
,
but
by
intervals
,
he
was
heard
in
that
privacy
,
a
great
while
to
weep
those
tears
,
and
vent
those
sighs
,
which
with
extraordinary
violence
upon
himself
he
had
suppress'd
whilst
there
was
any
witness
by
:
But
after
having
paid
what
was
due
to
the
impulse
of
Nature
,
he
summon'd
his
wonted
constancy
to
encounter
this
Accident
;
the
bitterness
whereof
,
though
he
could
by
no
art
banish
from
his
remembrance
;
yet
did
he
ever
keep
himself
upright
from
manifesting
his
sorrow
with
the
least
weakness
.
There
were
very
few
persons
of
condition
in
the
Kingdom
,
who
did
not
signifie
to
him
by
very
civil
Messages
,
and
kind
Letters
,
the
part
they
shar'd
with
him
in
his
grief
upon
this
occasion
;
amongst
whom
Cardinal
Richelieu
himself
was
one
,
who
made
shift
to
find
out
some
consolatory
Complements
for
a
man
he
at
the
same
instant
persecuted
with
the
most
bloody
effects
he
could
possibly
inflict
upon
him
,
he
at
the
same
time
prosecuting
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
to
the
last
extreme
:
The
Duke
de
la
Valette
sentenc'd
to
Death
,
with
Confiscarion
of
Offices
,
Honors
,
and
Estate
.
For
the
information
that
had
been
drawn
up
against
him
,
having
been
laid
open
in
the
presence
of
his
Majesty
the
25
th
.
day
of
May
,
the
greater
part
of
the
Judges
had
concluded
him
worthy
of
Death
,
the
forfeiture
of
his
Offices
,
and
the
confiscation
of
his
Estate
;
yet
were
they
not
all
of
that
opinion
,
President
Believre
,
amongst
the
rest
,
taking
upon
him
the
honest
boldness
,
to
defend
the
innocence
of
the
accus'd
,
and
by
an
Oration
no
less
Judicious
,
and
Eloquent
,
than
hardy
and
equitable
,
acquitting
his
own
Conscience
,
and
confirming
himself
in
the
high
esteem
already
conceiv'd
of
the
great
Worth
,
and
Integrity
which
for
so
many
happy
years
have
been
eminent
in
his
Name
,
and
Race
.
It
would
not
become
me
in
this
place
to
inlarge
my self
upon
the
words
of
this
Sentence
,
it
having
been
pronounc'd
by
persons
,
to
whom
too
great
a
respect
is
due
,
for
any
one
to
dare
to
complain
:
neither
in
truth
is
it
to
them
,
that
the
severity
of
it
ought
to
be
imputed
:
for
in
criminal
matters
the
Evidence
are
the
chief
Judges
,
and
consequently
they
at
whose
doors
all
that
was
extraordinary
or
severe
in
his
proceeding
ought
of
right
to
be
laid
.
It
has
since
appear'd
by
the
high
and
publick
justification
of
the
party
accus'd
,
and
that
in
the
face
of
the
most
August
Tribunal
of
Justice
in
all
Europe
,
what
has
been
thought
of
the
Depositions
that
were
preferr'd
against
him
,
the
Parliament
of
Paris
having
restor'd
him
to
his
Honour
,
Life
,
Offices
,
and
Estate
,
which
had
been
all
taken
from
him
by
the
Arrest
of
the
Council
:
And
he
has
this
Obligation
to
his
Enemies
,
not
only
by
their
means
to
have
had
an
occasion
wherein
to
vindicate
his
Innocency
,
and
Honour
:
The
Duke
de
la
Valette
solemnly
justified
.
but
moreover
to
have
receiv'd
the
Eulogies
for
his
brave
Services
,
which
his
modesty
would
not
have
permitted
him
to
have
endur'd
,
had
his
Vertue
never
been
disputed
.
But
this
last
good
not
arriving
in
time
to
serve
for
any
consolation
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
and
that
all
his
misfortunes
succeeded
in
the
neck
of
one
another
,
without
any
the
least
shadow
of
Prosperity
intervening
to
sweeten
his
Affliction
,
is
not
the
stability
of
his
mind
,
and
the
constancy
of
his
Courage
highly
to
be
commended
,
The
Duke
of
Espern●n
still
persecuted
by
the
privation
of
a
good
part
of
his
Estate
.
and
admir'd
,
that
could
continue
so
firm
in
all
the
shocks
of
Fortune
?
A
Fortitude
that
will
discover
it self
,
much
better
to
our
observation
,
if
we
separately
consider
the
various
occasions
he
had
at
this
time
wherein
to
exercise
that
Heroick
Vertue
.
Disgrace
knock'd
at
his
Door
from
the
first
arrival
of
the
Prince
in
Guienne
,
as
you
may
have
already
observ'd
,
and
his
Afflictions
began
to
unveil
themselves
in
the
ill
usage
he
at
that
time
receiv'd
by
Order
from
the
Court
,
very
much
contrary
to
what
he
had
all
the
reason
in
the
world
to
hope
for
,
and
expect
;
they
were
continued
to
him
by
the
Command
he
receiv'd
to
withdraw
himself
out
of
his
Government
,
which
seem'd
to
blast
him
with
some
kind
of
Ignominy
and
reproach
:
But
what
an
overplus
of
vexation
must
it
needs
be
,
when
by
the
ill
success
of
Fontarabie
,
he
saw
all
the
miscarriage
of
that
Expedition
cast
upon
his
Son
?
what
a
grief
to
see
him
prosecuted
for
a
Criminal
,
and
himself
at
the
same
time
look'd
upon
as
a
guilty
man
?
They
were
both
of
them
divested
of
their
Offices
,
and
Commands
,
and
those
transferr'd
into
the
hands
of
their
mortal
,
and
most
implacable
Enemies
:
So
that
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
was
constrain'd
to
give
way
to
their
Power
,
and
through
infinite
dangers
to
fly
for
Sanctuary
into
England
,
a
Kingdom
at
that
time
agitated
with
Mutinous
Factions
,
and
Civil
Discords
of
their
own
;
whilst
the
Father
in
a
Country
House
,
expos'd
to
their
discretion
,
saw
himself
strip'd
of
all
his
Employments
,
and
his
venerable
old
Age
,
so
highly
reverenc'd
,
and
esteem'd
throughout
the
whole
Kingdom
,
become
an
Object
of
Scorn
to
such
as
a
few
days
before
had
truckled
under
his
Authority
,
and
trembled
at
his
Name
.
If
he
was
touch'd
to
the
quick
by
these
Afflictions
,
he
was
no
less
sensible
of
the
privation
of
all
his
Priviledges
,
Appointments
,
Pensions
,
and
other
Emoluments
,
that
were
the
lawful
Perquisits
of
his
several
Offices
,
and
Commands
;
whereby
they
cut
him
off
at
one
blow
above
fifty
thousand
Crowns
of
yearly
Revenne
,
and
by
which
means
he
found
himself
reduc'd
to
the
bare
Revenue
of
his
own
Estate
,
wherein
he
also
suffer'd
a
very
considerable
diminution
.
These
Affronts
,
and
injuries
were
succeeded
by
long
,
and
painful
Diseases
,
and
those
by
the
death
of
his
eldest
Son
,
together
with
the
Condemnation
of
the
second
,
by
which
Sentence
he
also
was
dead
in
Law
.
Yet
was
not
this
all
,
and
Almighty
God
,
who
upon
so
great
,
and
illustrious
a
Subject
would
please
to
manifest
the
strength
of
his
Arm
,
left
him
nothing
entire
,
upon
which
He
did
not
evidently
make
it
appear
.
There
remain'd
to
him
in
all
these
mishaps
one
refuge
,
that
might
still
afford
some
stay
,
and
support
to
his
Affairs
,
and
cherish
him
with
some
hope
one
day
to
restore
them
to
their
primitive
condition
:
The
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
his
Son
,
was
in
a
great
Employment
,
he
had
formerly
oblig'd
Cardinal
Richelieu
to
the
highest
degree
,
he
was
believ'd
to
be
in
great
favour
,
and
consideration
with
him
;
he
had
at
least
obtain'd
a
promise
from
him
,
that
the
old
Age
of
the
Duke
his
Father
should
not
be
molested
;
this
Son
was
also
ravish'd
from
him
with
the
rest
,
and
nothing
left
him
to
which
he
could
in
his
greatest
extremities
have
any
visible
recourse
.
We
have
often
heard
mention
of
the
several
afflictions
and
chastisements
wherewith
Almighty
God
hath
sometimes
been
pleas'd
to
visit
sinful
men
:
The
Death
of
the
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
.
but
let
us
consider
whether
amongst
all
the
examples
of
his
Justice
,
there
be
many
more
eminent
,
than
these
in
the
case
of
the
duke
of
Espernon
.
It
had
now
been
threescore
and
two
years
since
the
Duke
first
tasted
the
sweets
of
Favour
,
from
which
time
Fortune
,
together
with
his
own
Vertue
had
rais'd
him
to
all
the
degrees
of
Greatness
,
that
render
men
considerable
upon
earth
:
There
had
scarce
a
year
pass'd
over
his
head
,
which
had
not
added
something
to
his
Prosperity
,
he
had
acquir'd
as
great
Riches
,
as
many
Offices
,
and
Titles
,
as
much
Respect
,
Reputation
,
and
Authority
,
as
any
other
whoever
of
his
time
:
but
above
all
,
his
Greatness
seem'd
to
be
establish'd
,
and
secure
in
the
support
of
his
three
Sons
;
any
of
which
by
his
merit
was
sufficient
alone
to
sustain
the
Burthen
,
who
all
three
in
less
than
six
months
space
were
ravish'd
from
him
,
and
himself
reduc'd
to
the
most
deplorable
soli●ude
was
possibly
to
be
seen
,
or
conceiv'd
.
He
acknowledg'd
the
Finger
of
God
to
be
in
all
this
,
he
submitted
to
his
Justice
,
and
was
never
observ'd
more
to
reverence
his
unresisted
Power
,
than
when
his
hand
lay
most
heavy
upon
him
.
But
would
it
not
be
too
light
a
preterition
,
to
pass
over
the
Death
of
the
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
with
so
little
Ceremony
,
and
to
take
no
further
notice
of
it
,
than
by
what
has
been
already
said
?
Yes
doubtless
,
and
it
was
of
too
great
importance
to
the
interests
of
the
Duke
his
Father
,
to
be
slipt
over
with
so
slight
a
mention
.
I
shall
therefore
tell
you
,
that
this
Cardinal
,
after
the
Death
of
the
Duke
de
Candale
his
Brother
,
had
alone
sustain'd
the
King's
declining
Affairs
in
Italy
,
and
with
a
very
inconsiderably
Army
,
had
at
once
withstood
the
power
of
our
Enemies
,
and
the
infidelity
of
our
Allies
:
but
in
the
end
,
either
worn
out
with
the
continual
toil
of
so
many
Affairs
,
or
wounded
with
the
ill
usage
he
saw
his
Family
daily
receive
,
he
fell
into
a
Melancholy
,
that
put
him
at
last
into
a
desperate
Disease
.
The
beginning
of
this
Distemper
was
as
light
,
as
it
had
been
in
that
of
the
Duke
de
Candale
,
and
the
issue
of
it
as
fatal
.
At
the
first
news
the
Duke
of
Espernon
receiv'd
of
his
indisposition
,
though
he
had
an
account
withal
,
that
it
was
without
any
symptome
of
danger
,
he
could
not
nevertheless
forbear
crying
out
aloud
to
those
who
were
about
him
,
That
his
Son
was
a
dead
man
.
A
saying
which
,
though
at
first
spoke
in
passion
only
,
in
a
few
days
turn'd
into
a
Prophesie
;
the
intelligence
,
that
came
in
from
time
to
time
of
his
condition
,
still
signified
an
encrease
of
his
Di●temper
,
till
after
having
seventeen
days
strugled
with
a
Disease
,
that
at
the
fifth
had
been
concluded
mortal
,
he
ended
a
glorious
Life
,
by
a
very
constant
and
Christian
Death
.
The
Prince
of
Ioinville
,
eldest
Son
to
the
Duke
of
Guise
,
exercis'd
at
that
time
his
first
Arms
,
under
the
Discipline
of
so
dear
,
and
so
generous
a
Kinsman
;
the
Mareschal
de
Turenne
had
also
an
Employment
of
Mares●hal
de
Camp
in
his
Army
;
both
which
writ
the
Duke
of
Espernon
the
sad
news
of
his
Death
,
But
de
Thou
,
who
never
parted
almost
from
his
Bed-side
in
all
the
time
of
his
Sickness
,
and
who
had
his
entire
Confidence
in
all
things
,
writ
a
long
Relation
of
it
to
be
presented
to
the
Duke
,
so
soon
as
he
should
be
in
a
condition
to
endure
the
reading
.
Here
it
was
that
his
Servants
were
in
the
greatest
strait
:
they
doubted
not
,
but
that
this
loss
,
which
apparently
gave
the
last
blow
to
all
his
hopes
,
would
afflict
him
to
the
last
degree
;
and
although
Nature
,
and
the
Vertues
of
this
Son
,
should
have
taken
a
less
impression
upon
him
,
than
all
the
world
knew
they
had
done
;
they
yet
fear'd
,
his
Constancy
being
exhausted
by
preceding
misfortunes
,
he
had
not
a
sufficient
stock
left
wherewithal
to
sustain
the
assault
of
this
new
affliction
.
In
this
perplexity
they
had
recourse
to
d'
Espruets
Bishop
of
Saint
Papoul
,
a
Prelate
whom
the
Duke
,
as
well
for
his
profound
Learning
as
his
exemplary
Piety
,
and
Goodness
had
in
great
Reverence
,
and
particular
Esteem
.
The
Bishop
at
the
first
word
very
readily
put
himself
into
his
Coach
,
and
in
all
diligence
came
to
Plassac
,
where
presenting
himself
before
the
Duke
,
after
he
had
some
time
entertain'd
him
with
indifferent
things
,
falling
at
last
into
discourse
of
his
Sons
Sickness
,
he
told
him
that
all
his
Friends
and
Servants
were
in
great
suspence
at
some
uncertain
rumours
that
were
spread
abroad
in
the
Country
.
At
that
word
the
Duke
was
no
more
in
doubt
,
but
that
he
was
dead
;
yet
would
he
not
upon
the
instant
extract
the
utmost
truth
of
his
unfortunate
loss
:
but
changing
his
Discourse
,
entertain'd
the
Bishop
with
Affairs
of
another
nature
,
till
they
were
both
call'd
to
Dinner
,
as
they
soon
after
were
.
It
may
easily
be
judg'd
what
a
Dinner
this
was
for
the
Duke
,
who
could
feed
on
nothing
save
his
own
sad
Imaginations
;
his
restlessness
all
the
while
he
sate
at
meat
,
sufficiently
mani●esting
the
anguish
of
his
Soul
:
he
notwithstanding
contain'd
himself
in
this
violent
agitation
of
mind
,
and
continued
at
Table
so
long
as
was
necessary
to
satisfie
what
was
due
to
Decency
,
and
Respect
,
without
suffering
himself
to
be
transported
into
any
action
unbecoming
his
Gravity
,
and
Wisdom
.
The
Table
being
taken
away
,
and
he
having
retir'd
himself
into
his
Chamber
sooner
,
than
he
ordinarily
us'd
to
do
,
he
caus'd
his
Secretary
to
be
call'd
in
his
behalf
to
write
to
Messieurs
de
Ioinville
,
de
Turenne
,
de
Thou
,
and
de
Fontravilles
,
to
recommend
to
them
the
care
of
his
Sons
health
,
to
whom
all
humane
help
was
already
fruitless
,
and
vain
;
writing
moreover
to
him
himself
some
few
lines
under
his
own
hand
.
One
of
his
Gentlemen
,
who
had
lately
been
sent
on
the
same
errand
,
was
now
ready
to
depart
with
this
new
Dispatch
,
when
the
Duke
,
overcome
with
the
violent
agitations
of
his
mind
,
was
constrain'd
to
cast
himself
upon
his
Bed
;
where
calling
his
Secretary
to
him
,
he
said
to
him
these
words
:
I
do
not
know
why
you
should
all
dally
with
me
thus
long
,
nor
to
what
end
you
should
conceal
from
me
the
Death
of
the
Cardinal
my
Son
:
is
it
that
you
imagine
me
so
weak
,
I
have
not
fortitude
enough
to
support
the
News
?
Do
not
you
deceive
me
,
as
the
rest
have
done
,
but
tell
me
the
naked
truth
,
which
also
cannot
long
be
conceal'd
from
me
.
At
which
words
the
poor
Gentleman
,
who
for
four
or
five
days
had
had
the
power
to
govern
his
Tongue
,
had
not
now
the
same
command
over
his
Eyes
;
so
that
,
his
Tears
having
whether
he
would
or
no
betray'd
him
to
be
the
Messenger
of
the
ill
news
he
had
hitherto
so
faithfully
conceal'd
,
he
proceeded
by
word
of
mouth
to
interpret
,
what
was
before
but
too
legible
in
his
tears
,
The
Duke
of
Espe●non's
constancy
.
and
told
his
Master
,
That
what
he
had
prophesied
the
first
hour
he
heard
of
his
Sons
Sickness
,
was
but
too
true
:
That
the
news
of
his
Death
had
been
brought
four
days
ago
,
but
that
his
people
,
apprehending
left
so
great
a
blow
of
mishap
might
ruine
his
health
,
had
address'd
themselves
to
Monsieur
de
Saint
Papoul
,
to
fortifie
him
with
his
Consolation
,
in
acquainting
him
with
the
fatal
News
.
At
which
words
he
lift
up
his
hands
to
Heaven
,
and
after
a
profound
Sigh
,
cried
out
aloud
,
O
Lord
,
since
thou
hast
reserv'd
my
old
Age
to
survive
the
loss
of
my
three
Children
,
be
pleas'd
withal
to
give
me
strength
wherewith
to
support
the
severity
of
thy
Judgments
.
Hereupon
the
Bishop
of
Saint
Papoul
was
presently
call'd
in
to
him
,
who
,
after
having
highly
commended
his
resignation
of
himself
,
and
his
Affairs
to
the
Will
of
God
,
made
him
a
Learned
Discourse
infinitely
full
of
such
admirable
Arguments
,
and
Examples
both
Christian
,
and
Moral
,
as
were
proper
for
his
disconsolate
condition
:
And
then
it
was
that
they
presented
him
with
the
relations
of
the
Sickness
,
and
Death
of
the
Cardinal
his
Son
;
wherein
was
observ'd
so
many
testimonies
of
Piety
,
and
Resignation
,
so
firm
a
confidence
in
the
Divine
Mercy
,
and
so
little
concern
for
Humane
Life
,
that
every
one
concluded
him
infinitely
happy
,
to
have
take
his
leave
of
it
in
so
good
,
and
so
holy
a
disposition
;
and
it
was
also
from
thence
that
the
Duke
deriv'd
his
chiefest
Consolations
.
After
this
he
requested
some
respite
from
his
Friends
wherein
to
satisfie
the
resentments
of
Nature
,
and
in
private
to
pay
some
tears
to
his
Affliction
.
His
Curtains
were
therefore
drawn
,
when
his
tears
,
which
he
had
hitherto
with
so
great
violence
to
his
sorrow
suppress'd
,
having
now
liberty
to
●ally
out
flow'd
in
so
great
abundance
,
that
those
about
him
began
to
fear
his
immoderate
passion
might
endanger
his
health
:
but
having
remain'd
two
hours
in
this
condition
,
he
himself
at
last
rows'd
up
his
spirits
so
long
overcharg'd
with
grief
,
and
was
heard
to
say
,
That
Tears
were
to
be
left
to
women
,
and
that
it
would
be
a
shame
a
man
could
not
allay
his
grief
,
but
by
so
poor
and
effeminate
a
Remedy
:
That
he
would
live
perhaps
to
survive
his
Enemies
:
When
starting
from
his
Bed
,
he
had
so
great
a
power
over
himself
,
as
the
same
day
again
to
appear
in
publick
.
He
entreated
the
Bishop
of
Papoul
to
bear
him
company
,
where
he
walk'd
with
him
above
two
hours
on
foot
,
entertaining
him
all
the
while
,
either
with
Discourses
of
Piety
,
or
the
state
of
his
present
Fortune
,
and
that
with
a
constancy
this
good
Prelate
could
never
sufficiently
magnifie
,
and
admire
.
It
must
nevertheless
be
confess'd
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon
receives
many
Consolatory
Letters
,
both
from
the
King
,
Queen
,
the
Monsieur
,
Cardinal
,
and
most
of
the
Eminent
persons
of
the
Kingdom
.
that
amongst
all
these
afflictions
which
were
many
,
and
extreme
;
the
Duke
likewise
receiv'd
very
many
,
and
great
Consolations
,
or
at
least
what
were
intended
for
such
,
there
being
few
persons
of
any
eminent
condition
in
France
,
who
did
not
manifest
the
part
they
shar'd
with
him
in
his
grief
.
The
King
did
him
the
Honour
to
write
very
obligingly
to
him
;
he
receiv'd
the
same
Favour
from
the
Queen
,
the
Monsieur
,
all
the
Princes
,
Cardinal
Richelieu
;
and
almost
all
who
were
any
ways
considerable
,
either
in
Birth
,
or
Dignity
in
the
Kingdom
,
gave
him
testimonies
,
either
of
their
Affection
,
or
Esteem
upon
this
sad
occasion
.
But
if
out
of
all
these
Complements
he
did
extract
any
real
Consolation
,
it
was
chiefly
from
the
gracious
manifestations
of
the
Queens
Royal
Favour
to
him
,
which
took
so
much
the
deeper
impression
upon
his
mind
,
by
how
much
he
knew
they
proceeded
from
the
heart
of
this
excellent
Princess
.
He
had
ever
made
her
the
object
of
all
his
Services
;
neither
was
there
any
he
would
not
have
been
very
ready
to
have
perform'd
for
her
,
even
in
this
moment
of
his
greatest
Adversity
:
An
inclination
,
that
as
it
gave
him
a
legitimate
Title
to
her
Grace
,
and
Favour
,
so
was
he
the
man
of
all
the
other
Great
Ones
of
the
Kingdom
,
that
had
the
highest
place
in
her
Esteem
:
but
the
condition
of
the
time
not
permitting
her
to
manifest
it
to
that
degree
her
Majesty
could
have
desir'd
,
she
did
upon
this
occasion
all
she
had
the
liberty
to
do
;
which
was
to
send
him
a
very
obliging
Letter
,
written
with
her
own
hand
,
of
which
the
Contents
were
these
.
Cousin
,
I
can
here
neither
fully
express
,
The
Queens
Letter
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
nor
altogether
conceal
the
sorrow
I
share
with
you
for
the
loss
you
have
sustain'd
in
the
person
of
my
Cousin
the
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
your
Son
;
the
sence
whereof
being
too
great
to
be
express'd
by
words
,
I
shall
only
entreat
you
to
believe
,
that
I
partake
in
it
equally
with
any
person
living
:
And
since
it
is
from
God
alone
,
that
you
are
to
hope
for
a
true
Consolation
,
I
do
from
my
heart
beseech
him
of
his
Divine
Goodness
to
fortifie
your
mind
against
the
severity
of
this
accident
,
and
to
pour
his
Blessings
upon
you
in
the
abundance
that
is
heartily
wish'd
by
her
,
whom
you
know
really
to
be
,
Your
very
good
Cousin
Anne
.
From
St.
Germains
en
Laye
the
12th
of
Octob.
1639.
Cardinal
Richelieu
also
would
not
upon
such
an
occasion
be
wanting
in
the
Ceremony
of
a
Complement
;
but
it
signified
no
more
than
so
,
and
these
were
the
words
.
My
Lord
,
I
can
not
sufficiently
manifest
to
you
the
extreme
sorrow
I
sustain
for
the
Death
of
Monsieur
,
The
Cardinal's
Letter
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
the
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
,
and
the
affliction
wherewith
you
must
of
necessity
resent
it
.
So
that
being
my self
incapable
of
receiving
any
Consolation
upon
this
sad
Accident
,
I
am
so
much
the
more
unfit
to
administer
it
to
you
.
The
manner
wherewith
I
ever
liv'd
with
him
,
his
Affection
towards
me
,
and
the
singular
Esteem
I
ever
had
for
him
,
will
without
much
difficulty
perswade
you
to
believe
this
truth
;
which
is
so
certain
,
that
were
it
possible
for
a
man
with
his
Blood
to
redeem
such
a
Friend
,
I
would
give
a
great
deal
of
mine
to
retrive
him
.
There
is
none
save
God
Almighty
himself
,
who
can
allay
your
Griefs
,
I
beseech
you
therefore
to
apply
your self
to
him
,
and
to
believe
that
I
am
,
My
Lord
,
Your
,
&c.
From
Lyons
the
19
th
.
of
Octob.
1639.
It
was
sufficiently
known
to
all
France
,
that
if
one
Friend
can
oblige
another
,
the
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
had
oblig'd
that
of
Richelieu
to
the
highest
degree
:
which
made
the
Duke
of
Espernon
(
importun'd
by
his
Friends
to
try
if
he
yet
retain'd
any
memory
of
that
Friendship
he
in
his
Letter
so
highly
profess'd
)
in
the
end
to
obtain
so
much
of
his
own
haughty
humour
,
as
to
write
to
him
this
that
follows
.
My
Lord
,
The
Testimonies
you
have
done
me
the
honour
to
give
me
in
one
of
your
Letters
of
the
part
you
share
with
me
in
the
grief
I
sustain
for
the
loss
of
my
Son
the
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon's
Letter
to
Cardinal
Richelieu
.
has
made
me
hope
you
will
be
no
less
sensible
of
the
other
Afflictions
,
and
Grievances
wherewith
I
am
from
all
parts
assaulted
.
I
shall
therefore
take
the
liberty
to
represent
them
to
you
,
and
to
tell
your
Lordship
,
that
since
the
time
I
left
my
Government
to
retire
my self
to
this
place
,
there
is
no
sort
of
Injury
,
or
Outrage
with
which
I
have
not
by
my
Enemies
been
unjustly
offended
:
Who
after
having
dissected
me
in
publick
by
injurious
Declarations
,
have
since
publish'd
defamatory
Libels
against
me
,
therewith
,
as
much
as
in
them
lies
,
to
blemish
the
Honour
I
have
justly
acquir'd
in
the
Service
of
the
Kings
my
Masters
.
Neither
have
they
been
satisfied
with
attempting
upon
my
single
Person
,
and
the
Persons
of
my
Sons
only
;
but
I
have
neither
Friend
,
nor
Servant
,
they
do
not
most
violently
,
and
injuriously
persecute
,
as
if
it
were
a
Crime
to
embrace
,
or
own
my
Interests
,
and
Concerns
.
I
know
(
my
Lord
)
that
neither
the
King
,
nor
your self
know
any
thing
of
this
proceeding
,
and
that
you
are
too
just
to
consent
,
that
after
fourscore
years
pass'd
,
of
which
the
greatest
part
have
been
employ'd
in
the
Service
of
the
Kings
my
Masters
,
and
for
the
good
of
the
Kingdom
,
I
should
be
so
severely
us'd
under
your
Administration
.
I
have
now
lost
the
Cardinal
my
Son
,
whilst
serving
the
King
in
Italy
,
his
elder
Brother
but
a
few
months
since
went
before
him
;
which
great
losses
I
have
born
with
patience
out
of
the
sole
consideration
of
the
Service
they
perish'd
in
,
which
has
serv'd
for
some
allay
to
my
Affliction
.
I
assure
my self
that
their
Merits
,
and
Services
(
since
I
my self
am
no
more
in
a
condition
to
serve
either
his
Majesty
or
you
)
will
(
my
Lord
)
at
least
secure
the
repose
of
an
afflicted
Father
,
who
daily
expects
that
benefit
from
his
Age
,
and
Nature
,
&c.
From
Plassac
this
first
of
Decemb.
1639.
This
Letter
with
how
great
reluctancy
soever
the
Duke
had
consented
to
write
it
,
though
it
produc'd
no
good
effect
,
the
Duke
notwithstanding
who
had
expected
no
better
success
,
reap'd
this
advantage
by
it
,
that
he
by
that
means
deliver'd
himself
from
the
importunities
of
those
who
otherwise
would
upon
other
occasions
have
been
pressing
with
him
to
have
been
still
imploring
the
Cardinal's
Favour
.
But
after
this
Repulse
nothing
of
that
nature
was
ever
more
to
be
extorted
from
him
;
so
that
if
he
afterwards
writ
,
it
was
ever
either
to
preserve
the
Decorum
of
common
civility
,
or
upon
pure
necessity
,
or
to
the
end
his
Friends
might
not
condemn
him
for
having
by
his
own
obstinacy
pull'd
upon
himself
the
mischiefs
which
had
long
been
preparing
against
him
.
Thus
therefore
depriv'd
of
all
humane
assistance
,
since
the
Cardinal
(
without
whom
all
the
rest
of
what
Quality
soever
signified
nothing
)
was
opposite
to
his
Interests
,
he
wholly
resign'd
himself
into
the
hands
of
God
,
and
would
no
more
make
application
to
any
other
but
to
him
alone
.
He
had
ever
born
a
great
Respect
,
and
Zeal
to
Religion
;
and
for
above
twenty
years
before
his
Death
,
had
been
observ'd
to
be
so
constant
to
his
Beads
,
that
not
a
day
pass'd
over
his
head
wherein
he
did
not
spend
three
whole
hours
in
Devotion
.
At
this
time
,
as
the
persecutions
of
malevolent
men
grew
more
violent
against
him
,
so
did
he
redouble
his
Prayers
to
Heaven
,
and
has
ever
believ'd
,
that
it
was
from
thence
he
deriv'd
the
strength
,
and
fortitude
to
support
all
the
accidents
that
befel
him
,
and
the
disgraces
that
were
hourly
multiplied
upon
him
.
This
calm
and
innocent
way
of
living
created
either
so
great
an
esteem
for
his
Vertue
,
Anno
1640.
or
so
great
a
compassion
for
his
Adversity
in
the
minds
of
men
,
that
there
was
scarce
any
who
did
not
manifest
some
tendernes
for
a
person
of
his
eminent
condition
so
unjustly
oppress'd
.
Insomuch
that
the
Prince
of
Condé
,
who
had
not
been
able
(
so
positive
his
Orders
were
)
to
avoid
employing
his
Authority
to
the
ruine
of
his
Fortune
,
could
not
but
discover
,
that
he
also
amongst
the
rest
was
touch'd
with
commiseration
of
his
Wrongs
,
and
deplorable
condition
;
so
that
whether
it
were
,
that
he
therein
glanc●d
at
some
particular
advantages
to
himself
,
or
that
it
was
meerly
an
act
of
his
Generosity
in
order
to
the
Duke's
repose
,
he
sent
him
word
as
he
was
upon
his
Journey
to
Bordeaux
:
That
he
had
compassion
on
his
Misfortune
,
The
Prince
of
Condé
offers
his
Service
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
upon
some
Conditions
.
and
Solitude
,
and
if
he
unluckily
had
formerly
had
a
hand
in
the
Disgraces
had
befall'n
him
,
he
would
much
more
willingly
employ
it
to
his
redress
:
That
his
Afflictions
how
great
soever
,
were
not
altogether
without
remedy
;
but
that
he
had
one
Son
still
surviving
,
from
whom
he
might
yet
derive
comfort
:
That
although
the
Court
was
highly
animated
,
and
incens'd
against
him
,
he
would
notwithstanding
do
his
utmost
endeavour
,
and
set
it
hard
to
obtain
his
return
into
France
;
provided
he
would
be
content
to
resign
his
Governments
,
in
lieu
whereof
he
would
also
procure
him
some
reasonable
recompence
;
and
that
by
this
means
he
might
spend
the
remainder
of
his
days
in
company
,
which
it self
would
render
the
worst
of
evils
supportable
to
him
.
Geneste
a
Counsellor
in
the
Parliament
of
Bordeaux
,
known
of
long
to
have
been
a
particular
Friend
to
the
Duke
,
was
made
choice
of
by
the
Prince
to
offer
this
proposal
to
him
;
but
he
had
Instructions
withal
,
not
to
own
he
did
it
by
any
express
Order
from
the
Prince
,
unless
he
should
first
perceive
the
Duke
very
ready
to
embrace
the
motion
.
The
Duke
,
unable
to
endure
the
first
overture
,
would
return
no
answer
at
all
,
thinking
by
that
means
to
disingage
himself
from
that
unpleasing
Treaty
:
but
the
Prince
,
who
(
as
it
was
said
)
having
cast
his
eye
upon
Languedoc
,
and
openly
discovered
a
desire
to
be
invested
in
that
Government
,
had
perhaps
a
design
to
make
that
of
Guienne
the
Price
of
the
other
.
It
was
moreover
believ'd
he
had
a
mind
to
translate
the
Office
of
Colonel
into
the
hands
of
a
Favourite
,
thereby
to
promote
his
own
pretence
:
For
one
,
or
both
of
these
reasons
therefore
he
would
not
be
repuls'd
at
the
Duke's
first
tacit
denial
:
but
not
long
after
having
left
Bordeaux
to
return
to
Court
,
his
way
through
Xaintonge
gave
him
opportunity
,
as
he
pass'd
by
to
see
the
Count
de
Ionzac
,
the
King's
Lieutenant
in
that
Province
,
and
one
of
the
most
intimate
Friends
the
Duke
at
that
time
had
in
the
Kingdom
.
To
him
therefore
he
gave
express
charge
to
go
to
the
Duke
,
and
to
go
through
with
that
Negotiation
,
he
had
not
only
occasionally
committed
to
Geneste
;
to
which
he
also
requir'd
a
precise
and
positive
answer
.
The
Count
de
Ionzac
could
do
no
other
,
than
obey
the
Prince
in
this
particular
,
though
he
was
already
very
well
assur'd
,
he
should
bring
him
no
satisfactory
return
from
the
Duke
concerning
this
Affair
.
This
Gentleman
was
without
all
doubt
the
depositary
of
the
Duke's
most
secret
thoughts
,
and
intentions
;
and
I
am
certain
in
several
very
important
occasions
had
prov'd
exceeding
faithful
to
him
:
So
that
,
there
being
scarce
any
thing
reserv'd
,
which
he
did
not
freely
commit
to
his
Secresie
,
and
Trust
,
it
is
to
be
presum'd
the
Duke
had
not
conceal'd
from
him
this
Proposition
from
the
Prince
,
together
with
the
fix'd
and
determinate
Resolution
he
had
put
on
as
to
that
business
.
He
therefore
only
confirm'd
to
him
anew
,
what
he
had
already
sufficiently
assur'd
him
of
;
desiring
him
withal
,
since
the
Prince
would
have
a
positive
answer
,
to
tell
him
on
his
behalf
,
That
he
could
have
wish'd
,
having
ever
honour'd
him
as
he
had
done
,
Which
are
rejected
by
the
Duke
.
he
had
sooner
had
those
considerations
for
him
,
he
was
pleas'd
at
present
to
profess
:
That
his
compassion
was
now
out
of
season
:
That
he
was
content
alone
to
undergo
all
his
misfortunes
the
remaining
part
of
his
life
,
and
that
he
had
much
rather
never
more
see
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
his
Son
,
than
to
see
him
reduc'd
to
the
condition
of
a
private
person
:
That
he
would
accept
no
Recompence
for
his
Offices
,
and
Commands
,
forasmuch
as
he
was
resolved
never
to
part
with
them
;
and
that
he
had
enough
remaining
through
the
favour
and
liberality
of
the
Kings
his
Masters
,
to
spare
those
profits
,
and
emoluments
he
had
formerly
receiv'd
.
And
to
the
end
that
for
the
time
to
come
he
might
secure
himself
from
being
any
more
importun'd
with
such
distasteful
proposols
,
he
declar'd
aloud
,
that
should
any
of
his
Friends
ever
entertain
him
with
the
like
discourse
,
he
should
never
take
that
man
for
his
Friend
again
:
but
in
case
any
over
whom
he
had
an
Authority
should
presume
once
to
open
his
mouth
to
such
a
purpose
,
he
would
handle
him
so
as
should
manifest
to
all
the
world
how
highly
he
was
offended
at
the
motion
.
The
Duke
soon
perceiv'd
that
the
Court
was
by
no
means
pleas'd
with
this
answer
,
the
ill
usage
he
had
hitherto
receiv'd
,
being
after
this
refusal
evidently
doubled
upon
him
;
insomuch
that
he
had
news
brought
the
Cardinal
had
been
importun'd
by
the
Enemies
of
his
Family
,
to
remove
him
from
Plassac
,
that
being
(
as
they
pretended
)
too
near
to
Bordeaux
,
where
,
by
the
convenience
of
so
dangerous
a
vicinity
,
he
might
still
maintain
a
Correspondence
there
,
and
set
what
practices
he
pleas'd
on
foot
,
to
the
prejudice
of
the
Publick
Peace
.
New
persecutions
for
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
Thus
even
when
confin'd
to
a
Country
House
,
disarm'd
,
and
naked
,
as
he
then
was
,
and
as
it
were
buried
under
his
own
ruines
,
his
sole
Name
,
and
Authority
was
formidable
to
his
Enemies
,
even
in
so
low
a
condition
.
Such
as
were
most
violent
against
him
,
advis'd
to
have
him
shut
up
in
Prison
,
and
the
more
moderate
sort
would
only
have
him
confin'd
to
some
remote
places
,
which
they
had
already
pointed
out
for
him
i●
Auverg●e
.
Yet
did
all
these
ill-sounding
rumours
at
this
time
produce
no
evil
effects
;
and
it
was
said
the
Cardinal
would
keep
his
word
,
he
had
given
to
the
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
,
not
to
add
to
the
persecution
of
the
Duke
his
Father
;
but
if
he
did
not
openly
do
it
,
and
so
as
to
own
his
own
act
,
he
at
least
gave
the
Duke's
most
implacable
Enemies
leave
to
do
what
he
himself
was
either
asham'd
of
,
or
had
no
mind
to
own
;
men
who
abusing
that
liberty
committed
out-rages
against
him
,
unworthy
both
of
their
own
,
and
his
condition
;
and
such
as
the
Prince
,
who
at
this
time
was
no
ways
favourable
to
him
,
could
not
himself
endure
,
and
therefore
did
him
a
noble
right
:
but
I
rather
choose
to
omit
the
recital
of
it
,
than
to
revive
the
resentment
of
things
almost
,
if
not
altogether
,
extinguish'd
and
forgot
,
by
a
relation
that
would
otherwise
perhaps
,
he
pertinent
enough
to
my
story
.
In
this
violent
persecution
,
the
Duke's
Servants
humbly
advis'd
him
to
slacken
the
stiffness
,
he
had
hitherto
ever
maintain'd
,
and
especially
towards
the
Cardinal
;
in
hopes
that
by
a
little
soothing
his
vain
humour
(
immeasurably
greedy
of
Glory
)
with
something
above
what
he
had
formerly
us'd
to
do
,
he
might
obtain
some
satisfaction
from
him
.
Whereupon
they
represented
to
him
the
examples
of
the
Princes
of
the
Blood
,
who
by
having
a
little
warp'd
from
their
degree
,
and
parted
with
some
small
advantages
in
his
consideration
,
had
by
so
doing
given
the
other
Great
Ones
of
the
Kingdom
an
honourable
colour
,
and
pretext
to
go
something
less
in
their
Quality
also
in
the
Cardinal's
Favour
:
but
these
Arguments
could
by
no
means
prevail
upon
his
invincible
Spirit
.
He
made
answer
;
The
Duke
of
Espernon's
noble
constancy
.
That
could
he
ever
deliberate
to
submit
to
civilities
beyond
what
he
had
usually
done
,
he
should
however
much
less
do
it
in
the
time
of
his
Disgrace
,
than
at
any
other
:
That
he
ought
no
more
to
consider
the
condition
to
which
Fortune
had
now
reduc'd
him
,
than
that
from
which
he
was
fall'n
:
That
what
at
another
time
would
pass
only
for
Complement
,
would
now
be
interpreted
an
act
of
Fear
:
That
if
he
must
perish
,
he
had
much
rather
have
the
injustice
of
his
Enemies
whereof
to
complain
,
than
to
stand
oblig'd
to
his
own
weakness
for
his
preservation
:
That
the
example
of
the
Princes
of
the
Blood
signified
nothing
to
him
:
That
their
Quality
was
inseparably
annex'd
to
their
Birth
:
That
therefore
it
could
never
by
any
demission
of
theirs
be
alienated
from
them
:
That
what
would
be
call'd
Prudence
in
persons
of
that
condition
to
accommodate
themselves
to
the
time
,
would
be
interpreted
an
inexcusable
meanness
in
him
;
and
that
they
should
never
see
him
do
any
thing
,
either
by
example
or
perswasion
,
that
should
in
the
least
prejudice
,
or
reflect
upon
his
Honour
.
Before
this
,
and
soon
after
the
Death
of
the
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
,
some
there
were
who
endeavour'd
to
perswade
him
to
ask
of
the
King
,
and
the
Cardinal
some
of
the
Benefices
which
were
become
vacant
by
his
Decease
;
but
he
with
the
same
constancy
refus'd
to
do
that
also
,
telling
those
who
urg'd
him
so
to
do
,
That
he
would
not
augment
the
grief
of
his
loss
,
by
the
dishonor
of
a
repulse
:
That
being
depriv'd
of
the
person
of
his
Son
,
his
Estate
was
to
him
of
very
little
consideration
;
and
that
if
his
Enemies
had
had
the
pleasure
of
making
him
unhappy
,
they
should
never
have
that
of
reproaching
him
,
that
they
had
made
him
do
any
mean
,
or
unhandsome
thing
.
So
long
before
this
also
,
as
from
the
Duke's
first
arrival
at
Plassac
,
some
of
his
Servants
thinking
thereby
to
flatter
his
thrifty
humour
,
had
propos'd
to
him
,
in
the
great
diminution
of
his
Revenue
,
some
retrenchment
in
his
Expences
also
:
a
proposition
in
truth
by
the
Duke
well
enough
receiv'd
,
considering
that
in
a
private
Country
House
,
neither
his
Table
,
nor
his
Stables
requir'd
the
same
Splendour
,
as
when
he
resided
in
his
Government
;
so
that
he
moreover
gave
way
an
account
should
be
stated
,
to
see
what
they
could
reduce
his
Expences
to
:
but
when
it
came
to
the
push
,
he
rejected
all
,
saying
,
That
he
had
for
above
threescore
years
together
maintain'd
himself
in
the
same
Port
,
and
Lustre
,
and
that
those
who
were
his
persecuters
should
never
have
that
advantage
over
him
,
as
to
make
him
abate
in
the
least
of
his
ordinary
way
of
living
,
and
that
finally
in
the
same
Splendor
he
had
liv'd
,
he
was
resolv'd
he
would
dye
.
'T
is
methinks
a
very
strange
thing
,
and
very
well
worthy
our
observation
,
that
amongst
all
the
Alarms
were
daily
given
him
,
in
all
the
adversities
he
was
made
to
undergo
,
and
with
all
the
ill
news
,
which
either
to
afflict
,
or
forewarn
him
,
he
hourly
receiv'd
,
he
never
lost
(
as
he
himself
did
profess
)
so
much
as
one
nights
sleep
.
A
thing
no
one
can
impute
to
his
insensibility
,
who
was
but
too
tender
that
way
,
and
over-sensible
of
the
least
touch
of
Offence
.
Who
is
it
then
,
but
must
admire
the
stability
,
and
unshaken
constancy
of
that
noble
Soul
,
which
in
the
fury
of
all
these
Tempests
(
sufficient
to
disorder
the
greatest
resolution
)
remain'd
as
calm
,
and
undisturb'd
,
as
in
the
most
tranquil
estate
of
his
most
prosperous
Fortune
?
Neither
was
he
content
to
maintain
this
serenity
,
and
Stoical
contempt
of
injuries
in
his
own
person
:
he
would
moreover
that
his
Servants
should
be
inspir'd
with
the
same
Courage
,
and
generous
Principles
,
of
which
I
have
seen
some
incur
his
disgrace
,
for
having
only
wept
before
him
.
He
thought
men
of
such
mean
Spirits
unworthy
of
his
Dependence
,
and
would
above
all
things
that
without
disguise
,
or
reservation
,
they
should
acquaint
him
with
the
true
state
of
his
Affairs
,
how
foul
soever
it
might
be
;
being
accustomed
to
say
,
That
it
was
a
kind
of
Consolation
to
know
the
worst
of
things
,
and
to
what
a
degree
a
man
was
unhappy
;
since
Doubts
,
and
Fears
,
rendring
an
evil
infinite
to
the
imagination
,
it
was
in
that
incertitude
utterly
impossible
,
for
any
one
to
take
a
true
measure
,
or
to
form
right
resolutions
,
from
things
that
were
boundless
,
and
unlimited
:
But
withal
,
he
whose
Office
it
was
to
acquaint
him
with
any
thing
of
that
nature
,
was
also
to
have
a
care
so
to
compose
his
countenance
,
that
he
might
not
therein
discover
either
sorrow
,
or
apprehension
.
Nay
he
would
himself
oftentimes
antedate
his
own
Affliction
,
by
asking
such
as
were
oblig'd
to
discourse
his
Affairs
to
him
,
if
they
had
heard
no
ill
news
that
day
?
occasionally
comforting
those
in
whom
he
repos'd
the
greatest
confidence
,
and
appearing
himself
,
in
all
outward
shew
,
the
least
concern'd
at
the
misfortunes
befel
him
.
In
the
greatest
Confusion
of
things
,
and
the
most
violent
heat
of
his
Persecution
,
he
was
with
nothing
so
much
delighted
,
as
to
hear
what
a
fear
his
Enemies
were
in
,
and
how
much
they
apprehended
his
Power
.
Unhappy
as
he
was
,
he
yet
retain'd
so
much
vanity
,
as
to
suffer
himself
to
be
transported
with
that
kind
of
adulation
;
a
frailty
,
which
as
it
soonest
,
and
with
great
facility
insinuates
it self
into
the
most
generous
minds
,
was
also
the
last
thing
almost
that
forsook
him
.
He
was
never
heard
in
the
greatest
height
of
Adversity
to
complain
of
Fortune
;
but
on
the
contrary
,
when
some
of
his
Friends
have
sometimes
put
him
upon
that
Discourse
,
would
say
,
That
he
should
be
very
ungrateful
for
the
benefits
of
Fortune
,
who
had
for
the
space
of
threescore
years
been
continually
favourable
to
him
,
should
he
murmur
,
or
repine
,
that
she
should
forsake
him
for
the
small
remainder
of
time
he
had
now
to
live
:
That
he
had
rarely
observ'd
a
whole
life
to
be
fortunate
,
even
of
those
had
been
much
shorter
than
his
;
and
that
in
the
inconstancy
,
and
instability
of
Humane
Affairs
,
it
was
no
little
advantage
to
have
been
reserv'd
for
the
Trial
of
Disgrace
,
till
a
time
when
he
was
hardly
any
more
capable
of
tasting
the
sweets
of
a
more
prosperous
Fortune
.
That
which
ought
yet
further
to
make
us
admire
the
Constancy
,
and
Vigour
he
ever
kept
entire
in
all
his
Words
,
and
Actions
is
,
that
he
was
neither
with-held
by
a
morose
Gravity
in
the
one
,
nor
hurried
on
by
an
impetuous
Fury
in
the
other
.
He
very
well
understood
that
his
way
of
living
was
utterly
contrary
to
the
constitution
of
the
time
,
and
in
speaking
of
his
own
Conduct
,
would
sometimes
confess
to
his
particular
Friends
,
that
having
often
reflected
upon
his
own
Carriage
,
long
before
it
had
pull'd
upon
him
those
Disgraces
which
now
lay
so
heavy
upon
him
;
should
he
have
discover'd
his
Sons
inclin'd
to
follow
the
same
Maxims
,
he
would
have
disswaded
them
from
it
:
but
that
having
himself
kept
up
something
of
a
steady
humour
throughout
the
past
Reigns
,
he
thought
it
now
unfit
to
deprave
,
and
give
the
lye
to
threescore
years
of
life
,
to
preserve
what
yet
remain'd
,
with
imbecillity
,
and
shame
;
and
that
if
he
must
fall
he
would
perish
altogether
.
But
though
he
obstinately
maintain'd
this
sullen
,
and
wilful
humour
in
matters
wherein
he
conceiv'd
his
Honour
to
be
concern'd
,
he
wanted
not
nevertheless
complacency
,
and
respect
enough
in
things
that
only
respected
his
Duty
.
This
year
therefore
having
produc'd
the
King
two
brave
Conquests
,
namely
,
that
of
Arras
,
and
that
of
Turin
,
he
would
not
,
upon
this
occasion
,
fail
to
manifest
the
interest
,
that
,
as
a
good
Frenchman
he
pretended
to
,
in
the
prosperity
of
his
Majesties
Arms.
A
Complement
that
was
further
directed
to
the
Cardinal
,
who
doubtless
had
a
very
great
share
in
all
the
successes
of
his
Majesties
Affairs
.
The
Count
de
Maillé
was
the
Envoy
of
this
Dispatch
,
by
whom
this
Affair
,
and
some
other
of
the
Duke's
concerns
,
were
so
discreetly
managed
,
that
he
brought
back
a
very
favourable
Letter
from
the
Cardinal
,
together
with
several
expressions
by
word
of
mouth
of
far
greater
kindness
:
but
the
effects
were
very
different
,
as
we
shall
see
in
the
revolution
of
the
ensuing
year
.
But
before
we
take
our
leaves
of
this
,
I
must
present
you
with
the
Relation
of
a
little
Accident
,
by
which
it
will
appear
,
that
even
in
the
height
of
his
Disgraces
,
Fortune
could
not
so
altogether
forget
the
Duke
,
but
that
she
must
impart
some
of
her
petty
Favours
to
him
;
which
though
not
sufficient
to
compensate
his
Adversity
,
she
,
at
least
by
those
trifling
Obligations
,
made
it
seem
she
could
not
find
in
her
heart
totally
to
abandon
a
person
who
had
formerly
been
so
dear
unto
her
.
Three
remarkable
stories
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
good
Fortune
,
whereof
this
is
the
first
.
A
young
Fellow
the
Duke
had
bred
,
and
brought
up
from
his
Infancy
to
the
age
of
man
,
and
by
whom
he
had
long
been
attended
in
his
Chamber
,
so
far
at
last
forgot
his
Duty
,
as
to
design
to
rob
his
Master
.
He
was
not
long
before
he
executed
that
design
,
and
with
such
dexterity
,
that
he
purloin'd
two
thousand
Pistols
out
of
a
Trunck
in
his
Chamber
,
the
Duke
discovering
nothing
of
his
loss
till
above
six
months
after
.
This
Companion
having
thus
perform'd
his
Feat
,
was
,
with
his
Masters
leave
retir'd
into
his
own
Country
,
upon
the
Frontiers
of
Spain
,
where
he
had
either
imbezzel'd
,
or
laid
out
a
good
part
of
the
money
.
The
Duke
no
sooner
discover'd
the
Theft
,
but
that
he
as
soon
guest
who
had
been
the
Thief
,
and
nam'd
him
to
those
who
were
then
waiting
in
his
Chamber
:
but
he
was
at
first
in
some
suspence
,
whether
or
no
he
should
bustle
in
a
business
,
that
it
would
be
no
easie
matter
for
him
to
prove
.
In
the
end
importun'd
by
some
of
his
Servants
,
not
to
tolerate
an
Action
of
so
ill
example
,
he
sent
away
a
Prevost
to
take
him
,
wherein
he
was
also
so
successful
,
as
to
have
him
forc'd
away
from
his
own
Country
(
the
most
favourable
to
Actions
of
this
nature
in
France
)
and
brought
before
him
,
where
he
was
no
sooner
come
,
but
that
he
confess'd
his
fault
,
and
restor'd
the
money
he
had
taken
to
a
[
](A42794-e102420-b)*
*
A
piece
of
money
to
the
value
of
xviii
.
pence
sterling
.
Teston
.
This
Story
puts
me
in
mind
of
two
others
,
[
](A42794-e102450-b)*
*
The
second
Story
.
which
I
conceive
ought
not
to
be
omitted
,
Being
one
day
in
the
great
Church
of
Metz
,
at
Vespers
upon
a
solemn
Festival
:
he
whose
Office
it
was
to
Cense
the
Priests
,
came
also
to
offer
it
to
the
Duke
,
who
pulling
off
his
Gloves
with
greater
respect
to
receive
the
Honour
was
done
him
,
a
Diamond
of
very
great
value
he
wore
upon
his
Finger
,
drop'd
out
of
the
Socket
,
and
fell
to
ground
without
his
taking
any
notice
of
it
at
all
:
But
the
Censor
was
soon
aware
of
the
accident
,
and
that
he
might
with
the
more
cleanly
conveyance
gather
up
the
Diamond
,
having
made
a
Reverence
so
low
,
as
with
his
knees
to
touch
the
ground
,
he
with
great
dexterity
snapt
up
the
Stone
without
being
observ'd
by
any
,
and
retir'd
.
The
Duke
having
again
put
on
his
Gloves
,
staid
out
the
remainder
of
the
Office
,
which
being
done
,
he
return'd
home
to
his
own
Lodging
.
Supper
time
being
come
,
and
the
Duke
being
to
wash
before
he
sate
down
to
Table
,
going
to
pull
off
his
Ring
,
as
he
always
us'd
to
do
,
when
he
wash'd
his
hands
,
he
perceiv'd
the
Stone
to
be
lost
:
Whereupon
without
further
astonishment
,
or
deliberation
,
he
gave
order
to
have
the
man
that
Cens'd
at
Vespers
brought
before
him
.
He
had
observ'd
,
though
without
any
kind
of
suspicion
,
the
extraordinary
low
Reverence
the
Fellow
had
made
him
,
and
his
quick
and
ready
apprehension
made
him
now
jealous
,
that
so
unusal
a
Complement
had
not
been
paid
him
without
some
design
.
The
man
being
therefore
brought
before
him
,
he
without
more
Ceremony
,
or
Examination
,
positively
demanded
of
him
his
Diamond
,
which
the
other
at
first
deny'd
:
but
being
commanded
the
second
time
to
produce
it
,
and
that
presently
,
or
he
should
be
presently
hang'd
,
the
poor
man
,
as
if
that
word
had
been
of
as
great
validity
,
as
an
hundred
Witnesses
,
and
so
many
Judges
,
without
making
any
other
reply
,
humbly
besought
the
Duke
to
let
some
of
his
people
go
home
with
him
for
his
Diamond
,
which
he
also
immediately
restor'd
.
In
this
his
own
Wisdom
was
his
Friend
,
and
another
l●ss
circumspect
would
also
haue
been
less
favour'd
by
Fortune
.
But
I
shall
here
present
you
with
a
third
The
third
S●ory
.
accident
of
the
same
nature
,
which
was
a
pure
effect
of
Chance
,
and
of
which
the
example
may
go
hand
in
hand
with
those
marvellous
Successes
,
which
are
related
for
wonderful
,
even
of
such
as
have
been
the
most
eminently
favour'd
by
Fortune
.
The
Duke
many
years
before
all
this
,
going
one
time
to
Paris
,
had
taken
Loches
in
his
way
,
as
he
ordinarily
us'd
to
do
;
when
being
come
to
la
Haye
in
Tourain
at
the
time
of
year
when
days
are
at
the
longest
,
he
would
after
supper
go
take
a
walk
in
the
Meadows
without
the
City
.
The
Grass
was
not
yet
cut
,
but
ready
for
the
Scythe
,
when
playing
with
some
of
his
Followers
,
(
for
he
was
at
this
time
in
that
wanton
Age
)
a
Pearl
in
the
fashion
of
a
Pear
of
two
which
he
always
wore
in
his
Ears
,
fell
down
into
the
Grass
,
without
being
at
present
perceiv'd
by
him
.
Those
two
Pearls
were
noted
for
the
fairest
of
that
time
,
each
of
them
being
valued
at
ten
thousand
Crowns
.
The
men
of
the
French
Court
in
those
days
us'd
to
trick
themselves
with
such
things
as
these
,
which
now
even
amongst
the
Ladies
are
scarcely
any
more
in
use
.
The
Duke
going
at
night
to
put
off
his
Pendants
,
before
he
went
to
Bed
,
perceiv'd
one
of
them
to
be
lost
:
the
night
was
already
shut
up
,
and
in
the
clearest
light
of
day
it
had
been
almost
impossible
to
have
found
so
little
a
thing
,
in
so
great
a
clutter
of
thick
,
and
deep
Grass
,
as
in
that
place
cover'd
the
face
of
the
ground
.
He
had
nevertheless
so
great
a
confidence
in
his
good
luck
,
as
to
command
one
of
his
Valett's
de
Chambre
to
go
seek
his
Pearl
,
and
to
bring
it
to
him
;
as
if
he
had
been
in
fee
with
Fortune
,
and
that
she
had
been
oblig'd
to
second
all
his
desires
.
But
it
so
fell
out
,
that
she
immediately
put
that
into
the
hands
of
the
Valette
de
Chambre
,
which
he
despair'd
ever
to
find
,
and
he
brought
the
Pearl
presently
back
to
his
Master
:
a
thing
that
rendred
all
the
Company
no
less
astonish'd
at
the
confidence
the
Duke
had
in
his
good
Fortune
,
than
at
his
good
Fortune
it self
.
After
these
digressions
it
is
now
high
time
for
us
to
pursue
our
former
Discourse
.
Anno
1641.
The
Count
de
Maillé
then
being
return'd
from
Court
in
the
beginning
of
Winter
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon
falls
dang●rously
sick
.
found
the
Duke
fall'n
sick
of
a
very
troublesome
Disease
.
This
season
for
some
years
pass'd
had
been
so
inauspicious
to
him
,
that
he
would
ordinarily
call
it
his
Enemy
;
as
it
prov'd
in
the
end
,
and
that
to
such
a
degree
as
to
deprive
him
of
his
Life
.
At
this
time
nevertheless
it
contented
it self
a
second
time
to
afflict
him
with
another
defluxion
of
Rhume
,
which
having
run
through
all
the
parts
of
his
Body
with
extraordinary
torment
,
left
him
at
last
in
so
great
a
weakness
,
that
he
lay
near
six
months
before
he
could
recover
to
any
indifferent
posture
of
health
.
In
this
tedious
,
and
troublesome
Sickness
,
he
receiv'd
very
great
comfort
in
the
company
of
the
Dutchess
de
la
Valette
his
Daughter-in-law
,
and
the
Marquise
de
la
Valette
his
Grand-child
,
who
forsook
the
Court
to
attend
him
in
his
Solitude
,
and
Retirement
.
Both
these
arriv'd
at
Plassac
sometime
before
the
Dukes
Sickness
:
The
Marquis
de
la
Valette
,
now
Duke
de
Candale
,
had
been
there
a
good
while
before
,
the
Duke
his
Grand
father
having
resolv'd
himself
to
take
care
of
his
Education
,
and
to
form
him
betimes
to
those
great
Actions
;
of
which
his
Predecessors
had
left
him
so
beautiful
Examples
.
In
the
sweet
Conversation
of
this
innocent
Family
,
did
this
Illustrious
old
man
flatter
his
Grief
,
and
deceive
his
Afflictions
;
creating
to
himself
a
kind
of
fruition
out
of
that
Confinement
,
and
Privacy
,
his
Enemies
had
for
a
punishment
inflicted
on
him
.
Living
in
this
Calm
of
Repose
,
which
the
Tempests
of
his
Fortune
had
at
last
fretted
themselves
into
,
and
hoping
therein
to
spin
out
the
remainder
of
his
Life
,
he
was
surpriz'd
with
an
unexpected
Command
from
the
King
,
to
leave
his
House
of
Plassac
,
and
to
remove
thence
to
Loches
.
And
seeing
this
Affair
(
of
it self
untoward
enough
)
was
the
fountain
from
whence
several
other
afflictions
deriv'd
themselves
,
which
also
in
the
end
occasion'd
his
Death
,
it
should
not
methinks
be
impertinent
to
give
a
full
Relation
of
a
Transaction
,
by
which
we
are
now
about
to
conclude
his
Life
.
From
the
time
that
the
Count
de
Soissons
departed
from
Court
to
retire
himself
to
S●dan
(
of
which
we
have
already
spoken
)
this
Prince
had
rested
content
with
the
enjoyment
of
his
own
Estate
,
The
estate
of
the
Affairs
of
the
Kingdom
,
from
whence
the
Cardinal
took
occasion
to
send
the
Duke
of
Espernon
to
Loches
.
and
the
payment
of
those
Pensions
assign'd
him
from
the
Crown
;
and
(
it
has
been
said
)
that
had
those
Pensions
been
continued
to
him
,
would
have
remain'd
in
the
same
quiet
posture
wherein
he
had
liv'd
ever
since
his
departure
from
Court
,
choosing
rather
to
languish
in
Sloth
,
and
out
of
all
Employment
,
than
by
his
Ambition
to
discompose
the
Peace
of
his
Country
.
But
as
if
his
Enemies
had
been
disposers
of
his
Destiny
,
they
would
never
grant
him
those
just
,
and
reasonable
conditions
he
desir'd
;
insomuch
that
they
impos'd
upon
him
a
necessity
of
applying
himself
to
Forein
Princes
.
These
therefore
having
supplied
him
with
some
Forces
,
his
own
Interest
having
procur'd
him
some
others
within
the
Kingdom
,
and
the
Duke
de
Boüillon
(
who
was
equally
interested
with
him
in
his
cause
)
having
arm'd
a
great
number
of
his
Friends
,
he
of
all
these
together
made
up
a
very
considerable
Army
.
These
Forces
however
,
how
great
soever
they
were
,
would
notwithstanding
have
given
the
Cardinal
no
very
great
Alarm
,
had
he
not
found
withal
,
that
even
at
home
there
was
so
formidable
a
Faction
form'd
in
this
Prince's
favour
,
as
that
the
Kingdom
was
universally
engag'd
in
his
designs
:
But
when
he
saw
that
the
people
openly
declar'd
in
his
Quarrel
,
and
that
the
whole
Frontier
of
Champagne
,
together
with
the
best
Cities
of
that
Province
,
threatned
to
revolt
in
his
Favour
,
that
Paris
it self
open'd
her
Arms
to
receive
him
;
and
that
it
was
to
be
fear'd
,
if
some
sudden
course
was
not
taken
,
that
without
a
blow
strook
,
or
the
least
resistance
,
he
should
see
himself
reduc'd
to
his
Mercy
,
then
it
was
(
as
has
been
reported
)
that
he
seriously
repented
himself
he
had
not
been
more
just
to
him
,
and
that
he
had
not
rendred
himself
more
facile
to
his
equitable
demands
:
But
having
fruitlesly
attempted
to
quiet
this
storm
,
by
some
overtures
of
Accommodation
,
those
Propositions
being
rejected
,
there
was
now
a
necessity
of
coming
to
the
decision
of
Arms.
The
Cardinal
therefore
endeavour'd
with
all
imaginable
expedition
to
oppose
a
good
Army
against
him
under
the
Command
of
the
Mareschal
de
Chastillon
;
to
whom
he
also
gave
express
Orders
at
any
hand
to
hazard
the
fortune
of
a
Battel
,
before
the
evil
dispositions
of
the
people
could
produce
those
sinister
effects
,
he
had
all
the
reason
in
the
world
to
apprehend
.
In
this
posture
of
Affairs
,
his
most
redoubted
Enemies
,
being
the
Great
Ones
he
had
offended
,
he
conceiv'd
it
in
the
first
place
necessary
to
secure
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
not
doubting
but
that
a
man
of
his
known
spirit
,
and
so
highly
offended
by
him
,
would
take
hold
of
the
first
opportunity
to
revenge
himself
of
those
insupportable
Injuries
he
had
so
continually
rec●iv'd
at
his
hands
.
But
over
and
above
this
jealousie
which
the
Cardinal
had
reasonably
enough
conceiv'd
upon
the
foremention'd
accounts
,
the
Duke
's
ill
Fortune
would
moreover
at
this
time
joyn
with
his
Enemy
to
give
him
some
colourable
pretence
for
this
new
injury
,
and
injustice
.
All
the
Kingdom
believ'd
that
the
Cardinal
de
la
Valette
had
before
his
Decease
,
obtain'd
of
this
great
Minister
an
assurance
of
repose
for
his
Father
the
remaining
part
of
his
Life
;
and
there
had
been
no
new
occasion
offer'd
,
that
could
justifie
the
violation
of
this
promise
;
so
that
his
private
,
and
solitary
way
of
living
sheltring
him
from
all
the
Tempests
of
the
busie
World
,
he
thought
to
live
quiet
,
and
secure
in
that
harbour
whereinto
even
by
his
misfortunes
he
had
been
so
fortunately
thrown
.
In
this
estate
a
wretched
Fellow
,
utterly
unknown
to
the
Duke
,
or
to
any
of
his
,
without
any
the
least
acquaintance
with
any
of
his
Family
,
or
any
frequentation
in
his
House
,
was
so
malicious
,
as
in
his
name
to
go
to
the
Sieur
du
Bourg
,
Governour
of
the
little
Fort
the
Spaniards
had
possess'd
themselves
of
at
their
entry
into
Biscaye
,
and
by
me
before
call'd
Socoa
,
offering
him
in
the
names
of
the
Dukes
of
Espernon
,
and
de
la
Valette
(
whom
he
had
never
seen
)
a
very
great
recompence
,
if
he
would
deliver
up
that
Fort
into
their
hands
.
Le
Bourg
easily
imagin'd
that
this
place
being
so
well
known
as
it
was
to
these
two
Dukes
,
could
not
be
so
ardently
coveted
by
them
,
it
being
of
very
little
importance
;
and
consequently
did
at
the
very
first
believe
the
person
that
made
him
this
Proposition
,
must
be
some
Impostor
,
who
hop'd
to
obtain
some
recompence
for
informing
against
him
,
and
afterwards
to
run
away
;
but
a
Rope
in
the
end
was
his
reward
.
Though
(
as
I
have
said
)
le
Bourg
well
enough
understood
this
Fellow
to
be
a
Counterfeit
,
A
malicious
Contrivance
against
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
he
notwithstanding
either
to
render
himself
more
considerable
at
these
two
Dukes
Expence
,
or
more
exactly
to
discharge
his
Duty
than
upon
such
an
occasion
he
was
oblig'd
to
do
,
fail'd
not
however
to
give
the
Court
an
account
of
the
Proposition
had
been
made
to
him
,
detaining
the
impostor
Prisoner
in
the
mean
time
.
Whereupon
he
soon
after
receiv'd
Orders
to
deliver
him
into
the
hands
of
Lauson
Intendant
de
la
Iustice
in
Guienne
;
by
whom
though
he
was
condemn'd
to
die
,
and
the
Sentence
accordingly
executed
upon
him
,
yet
at
present
they
made
use
of
this
Imposture
to
colour
a
Command
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
to
depart
from
Plassac
,
and
to
transfer
himself
to
Loches
.
Varennes
one
of
the
Gentlemen
in
Ordinary
to
the
King
,
was
appointed
to
carry
this
Order
,
who
the
20
th
.
of
Iune
,
about
two
of
the
Clock
in
the
afternoon
arriv'd
with
it
at
Plassac
.
The
Duke
was
at
that
time
a
Bed
,
where
he
us'd
to
take
two
or
three
hours
repose
every
afternoon
;
by
reason
whereof
Varennes
being
necessitated
to
attend
his
waking
,
he
ask'd
to
speak
with
the
Count
de
Maillé
in
the
mean
time
;
which
he
did
to
anticipate
the
Duke
by
some
excuses
,
in
that
he
was
so
unhappy
,
as
to
be
always
sent
upon
unwelcome
Commissions
(
for
it
was
he
also
who
in
the
business
of
the
Archbishop
of
Bordeaux
,
had
been
the
Bearer
of
the
Order
was
sent
the
Duke
to
retire
out
of
his
Government
to
Plassac
.
)
The
Count
de
Maillé
,
having
by
discoursing
with
him
understood
Varenne's
Errand
,
doubted
not
but
that
the
Duke
must
needs
infinitely
surpriz'd
at
the
Novelty
of
this
Command
;
wherefore
having
consulted
with
such
of
the
Duke's
Servants
as
were
of
most
consideration
about
him
,
they
concluded
it
most
convenient
,
that
he
should
by
his
Secretary
be
beforehand
acquainted
with
it
,
to
the
end
he
might
be
prepar'd
to
receive
it
with
less
emotion
.
The
business
therefore
being
thus
order'd
amongst
them
,
was
accordingly
executed
,
and
the
Duke
was
no
sooner
awake
,
but
that
the
Secretary
coming
to
his
Bed-side
,
told
him
that
a
Gentleman
from
the
King
was
newly
arriv'd
,
who
had
brought
him
an
Order
to
depart
from
Plassac
,
and
go
away
to
Loches
.
The
Duke
,
who
had
of
old
fortified
his
mind
against
the
worst
of
events
,
and
not
finding
in
this
that
extremity
of
evils
it
lay
in
his
Enemies
power
to
inflict
upon
him
,
without
being
at
all
mov'd
at
the
suddenness
of
the
thing
;
calmly
reply'd
,
and
is
that
all
?
After
which
words
a
little
composing
himself
,
he
commanded
his
Secretary
to
call
the
Gentleman
in
.
Varennes
was
presently
brought
into
his
Chamber
,
who
,
advancing
to
the
Bed-side
,
presented
him
with
the
King's
Letter
,
which
the
Duke
opening
,
he
found
it
to
contain
these
words
.
Cousin
,
I
am
sorry
that
by
your
Sons
ill
carriage
,
The
King's
Letter
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
together
with
some
Intelligence
I
have
lately
receiv'd
out
of
Guienne
,
I
am
constrain'd
to
tell
you
,
that
I
desire
you
will
at
present
leave
your
abode
at
Plassac
,
where
you
now
are
,
and
come
to
Loches
.
Varennes
one
of
my
Gentlemen
,
by
whom
you
will
receive
this
Dispatch
,
will
inform
you
more
particularly
of
my
intention
herein
,
in
whom
you
are
to
repose
an
entire
confidence
,
and
belief
.
In
the
mean
time
I
pray
God
,
Cousin
,
to
have
you
in
his
Holy
Protection
.
From
Abbeville
this
13
th
.
of
Iune
1641
.
This
Letter
being
read
,
and
Varennes
offering
a
new
at
the
same
excuses
he
had
already
made
to
the
Count
de
Maillé
,
the
Duke
cut
him
short
,
by
telling
him
,
that
whatever
came
from
the
King
was
infinitely
welcome
,
and
that
excuses
were
not
necessary
where
a
man
did
nothing
but
what
it
was
his
Duty
to
do
;
after
which
he
fell
into
a
pretty
long
discourse
,
wherein
he
manifested
so
much
judgment
,
and
constancy
upon
so
unpleasing
an
accident
,
as
made
every
one
admire
that
heard
him
:
It
was
very
near
word
for
word
in
these
terms
,
That
threescore
years
being
now
laps'd
since
he
had
first
had
the
Honour
to
serve
the
Kings
his
Masters
,
and
to
teach
such
as
their
Majesties
had
subjected
under
his
Authority
to
obey
,
it
would
be
inexcusable
in
him
,
should
he
in
that
time
have
profited
so
little
himself
,
as
not
to
know
how
in
his
own
person
to
practice
the
Precepts
he
had
laid
down
to
others
:
That
he
was
very
ready
to
pay
the
King
all
the
Obedience
his
Majesty
could
himself
desire
:
That
had
he
a
sufficient
stock
of
strength
,
and
health
to
perform
that
Journey
Post
,
he
would
immediately
mount
to
House
,
by
that
promptness
to
shew
how
every
Subject
ought
to
obey
his
Prince
;
not
that
he
did
not
nevertheless
understand
himself
to
be
very
unkindly
us'd
,
and
look'd
upon
this
proceeding
as
excessively
severe
to
him
who
had
never
fail'd
in
the
least
in
his
Majesties
Service
,
and
to
whom
no
one
living
could
impute
the
least
offence
to
his
Duty
:
That
his
Enemies
made
it
their
pretence
to
use
him
ill
,
from
the
ill
carriage
of
his
Son
;
as
if
a
Father
could
be
any
ways
responsible
for
the
defaults
of
his
Children
,
or
ought
to
suffer
for
their
Offences
.
Not
that
I
do
(
he
presently
caught
himself
)
in
the
least
confess
those
wherewith
they
have
charg'd
my
Son
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
;
he
is
an
honest
man
,
and
innocent
:
and
had
the
King
been
rightly
inform'd
of
his
Actions
,
his
Majesty
might
with
better
reason
have
commended
his
Services
,
than
(
as
he
is
pleas'd
to
do
)
to
condemn
his
Conduct
.
Upon
which
expression
,
excusing
himself
for
that
little
escape
of
his
resentment
,
he
proceeded
to
say
,
Is
it
not
very
hard
that
my
Enemies
will
expose
my
old
Age
to
the
scorn
,
and
mockery
of
the
one
half
of
the
Kingdom
I
am
to
pass
through
to
the
place
of
my
Exile
?
Why
will
they
not
at
least
give
me
leave
to
finish
the
small
remainder
of
my
days
I
have
to
live
in
the
obscurity
of
this
Solitude
?
After
which
,
asking
him
if
there
was
any
time
limited
for
his
setting
out
,
or
if
he
had
receiv'd
any
Order
to
continue
with
him
till
his
departure
?
and
Varennes
having
deny'd
both
the
one
,
and
the
other
,
he
continued
to
say
,
That
since
they
were
pleas'd
to
proceed
so
favourably
with
him
,
he
would
be
no
ill
Husband
of
his
time
:
That
he
would
give
order
to
have
his
Equipage
made
ready
with
the
soonest
;
but
that
he
had
let
them
hang
by
to
rust
,
and
rot
for
four
years
together
,
that
he
had
been
in
that
House
.
In
the
conclusion
of
all
,
Varennes
having
entreated
an
Answer
to
his
Letter
,
the
Duke
gave
him
one
in
these
terms
.
SIR
,
I
have
by
the
Sieur
de
Varennes
receiv'd
the
Command
your
Majesty
has
been
pleas'd
to
send
me
to
quit
my
Residence
in
this
place
,
The
Duke
of
Espernon's
Letter
to
the
King
.
and
to
go
to
Loches
,
upon
some
information
your
Majesty
has
receiv'd
to
the
prejudice
of
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
my
Son
.
If
my
said
Son
continue
to
follow
my
Counsels
,
and
Example
,
as
I
am
certain
he
will
ever
do
,
he
can
never
commit
any
thing
that
may
either
offend
your
Majesty
,
or
that
shall
be
unworthy
of
his
Birth
.
For
what
concerns
my self
Sir
,
who
for
threescore
years
pass'd
have
never
ceas'd
to
render
the
Kings
your
Royal
Predecessors
,
and
your
Majesty
all
sorts
of
faithful
,
and
humble
Service
,
and
Obedience
,
I
shall
continue
with
all
possible
expedition
to
testifie
my
respect
to
this
new
Command
.
It
is
true
,
Sir
,
that
I
am
something
surpriz'd
at
it
,
and
that
having
continued
now
four
years
together
in
this
House
,
I
had
set
up
my
rest
,
and
concluded
here
to
end
my
days
;
by
which
mistake
I
am
at
present
utterly
destitute
of
Equipage
both
for
my self
,
my
Daughter-in-law
,
and
my
little
Children
:
but
I
shall
with
all
possible
diligence
make
my
preparation
,
and
though
my
Health
be
exceedingly
impair'd
,
both
by
my
great
Age
,
and
my
late
Sickness
;
which
having
detain'd
me
four
months
in
Bed
,
has
left
me
in
a
very
weak
condition
:
I
shall
notwithstanding
chearfully
expose
my
little
remainder
of
Life
,
to
this
long
,
and
troublesome
Journey
,
in
obedience
to
your
Majesties
good
pleasure
,
and
shall
think
my self
exceeding
happy
if
I
may
conclude
it
in
manifesting
my
Zeal
,
and
Passion
,
as
I
have
ever
done
my
Obedience
,
and
inviolate
Fidelity
,
&c.
From
Plassac
this
20
th
.
of
Iune
,
1641
.
Neither
in
this
answer
,
nor
in
his
Discourse
to
Varennes
,
had
he
made
any
Reply
to
that
part
of
the
King's
Letter
,
which
mention'd
the
intelligence
his
Majesty
had
receiv'd
out
of
Guienne
;
forasmuch
as
he
was
as
yet
totally
ignorant
of
the
business
of
Socoa
:
but
having
sometime
after
understood
that
his
name
had
been
made
use
of
in
that
Affair
,
he
conceiv'd
it
very
necessary
for
him
to
address
himself
to
the
Mareschal
de
Scomberg
,
to
request
that
he
would
penetrate
into
the
bottom
of
that
Imposture
,
that
so
he
might
be
able
to
inform
his
Majesty
of
the
truth
of
the
Story
.
This
Mareschal
had
been
withdrawn
from
his
Government
of
Languedoc
,
as
well
as
the
Duke
of
Espernon
had
been
out
of
that
of
Guienne
:
but
being
it
had
been
done
without
any
visible
mark
of
Disgrace
,
and
only
out
of
deferenee
to
the
Prince
,
who
was
impatient
of
the
least
contradiction
from
any
of
the
Governours
of
the
Provinces
,
where
he
had
any
thing
to
do
,
The
generous
proceeding
of
the
Mareschal
de
Scomberg
.
he
had
been
dismiss'd
with
an
honourable
Commission
into
Guienne
,
to
Command
as
the
Kings
Lieutenant
in
that
Province
.
His
carriage
there
towards
the
Duke
of
Espernon
was
very
different
from
that
of
those
who
had
preceded
him
in
that
Employment
,
he
highly
,
and
publickly
declaring
,
that
he
shar'd
in
the
feeling
an
honest
man
ought
to
have
of
the
ill
usage
had
been
inflicted
upon
a
man
of
that
eminent
Quality
,
and
who
had
ever
behav'd
himself
without
all
manner
of
reproach
:
Neither
was
this
the
only
testimony
of
his
Friendship
,
he
proceeding
from
these
favourable
expressions
,
to
effects
of
a
much
more
obliging
nature
.
They
had
propos'd
to
him
the
Government
of
Guienne
in
recompence
of
that
of
Languedoc
(
with
the
privation
of
which
he
had
also
been
tacitly
threatned
)
but
all
those
offers
,
and
menaces
could
never
prevail
upon
him
,
he
professing
that
he
had
much
rather
choose
to
be
without
any
Employment
at
all
,
than
to
be
invested
with
the
spoils
of
two
persons
of
that
eminent
condition
yet
living
,
and
with
whom
he
was
not
convinc'd
that
any
fault
could
justly
be
found
;
exercising
moreover
the
Commission
he
had
there
with
so
great
tenderness
and
respect
to
them
,
that
though
he
had
thereby
as
ample
Authority
,
as
he
could
himself
desire
;
he
would
notwithstanding
never
come
to
execute
any
of
his
Functions
at
Bordeaux
,
the
Capital
City
of
that
Province
.
He
would
not
so
much
as
come
near
it
,
but
contented
himself
to
stay
at
Agen
,
which
he
made
the
seat
of
his
residence
till
his
return
into
Languedoc
:
and
whereas
others
,
who
had
commanded
there
before
him
,
had
carried
themselves
very
rudely
to
the
Duke's
Friends
,
and
Servants
there
,
the
Mareschal
on
the
contrary
took
them
into
his
especial
Trust
,
and
Favour
,
conceiving
he
could
not
make
a
better
choice
,
than
of
such
men
,
as
had
pass'd
the
tryal
of
his
late
Adversity
.
This
noble
way
af
proceeding
had
so
highly
oblig'd
the
Duke
,
that
he
made
no
difficul●y
to
solicite
his
Favour
,
a
thing
he
had
never
done
to
any
since
his
persecution
;
he
writ
to
him
therefore
before
he
departed
from
Plassac
,
intreating
him
to
cause
the
Impostor
by
whom
▪
he
had
been
accus'd
to
be
throughly
sifted
,
that
he
might
be
able
to
satisfie
the
Court
of
what
could
be
discover'd
from
his
Examination
.
The
Mareschal
upon
this
Letter
did
the
Duke
all
the
good
Offices
could
be
expected
from
his
generous
and
noble
Nature
,
and
writ
so
favourably
to
the
Council
in
his
behalf
,
as
from
des
Noyers
Secretary
of
State
to
obtain
this
answer
:
a
Copy
whereof
he
sent
to
the
Duke
.
For
what
concerns
the
Fellow
that
is
detain'd
Prisoner
at
Socoa
,
I
could
have
wish'd
that
Monsieur
du
Bourg
had
better
examined
the
business
,
before
he
had
acquainted
the
King
with
it
,
and
brought
so
great
an
inconvenience
upon
persons
of
that
condition
:
Monsieur
de
Lauzon
,
who
is
at
Bayonne
,
will
in
two
hours
time
be
able
to
clear
all
doubts
,
observing
the
Order
I
have
sent
him
according
to
your
desire
.
In
effect
the
business
was
perfectly
clear'd
,
and
the
Dukes
Innocence
sufficiently
manifest
:
but
notwithstanding
the
resolutions
that
had
been
taken
against
him
were
nothing
alter'd
;
neither
indeed
did
he
solicit
any
thing
of
that
kind
,
nor
would
address
himself
to
any
other
,
saving
the
Mareschal
de
Scomberg
only
,
his
design
being
only
to
secure
his
Reputation
,
and
not
to
receive
any
the
least
favour
from
his
Enemies
.
Yet
whatever
he
had
said
to
Varennes
,
or
whatsoever
he
had
writ
to
the
King
concerning
the
diligence
he
would
use
to
put
himself
upon
his
way
;
The
Duke
of
Espernon's
irresolution
concerning
the
Journey
of
Loches
,
he
did
not
for
all
that
make
so
much
haste
,
that
three
weeks
at
least
were
not
laps'd
before
he
began
his
Journy
.
He
spun
out
the
preparation
of
his
Equipage
in
great
length
,
and
although
he
at
first
manifested
an
absolute
,
and
franck
disposition
to
depart
,
either
the
tenderness
,
and
apprehension
of
his
Friends
,
or
his
own
doubts
,
and
diffidences
,
had
possess'd
him
with
so
great
a
jealousie
,
that
he
could
not
easily
perswade
himself
to
perform
a
thing
he
saw
was
nevertheless
by
no
means
to
be
avoided
.
Some
,
who
would
seem
to
be
most
solicitous
of
his
Person
,
and
Safety
,
had
often
represented
to
him
,
That
the
Castle
of
Loches
was
a
Prison
of
State
:
That
it
had
already
been
made
use
of
in
that
nature
upon
very
considerable
[
](A42794-e103860-b)*
*
One
whereof
I
find
in
Davila
when
the
Duke
of
Elbeauf
was
sent
thither
Prisoner
presently
after
the
Death
of
the
Duke
of
Guise
at
Blois
.
occasions
:
That
it
being
situate
in
the
heart
of
the
Kingdom
,
his
Captivity
would
be
the
more
severe
,
by
how
much
there
was
no
possibility
of
an
escape
,
and
that
so
soon
as
he
should
be
come
thither
,
it
would
be
in
the
power
of
any
one
of
the
Exempts-des
Guardes
,
to
charge
the
Garrison
,
and
to
make
himself
Master
of
the
Gate
to
engage
his
Liberty
for
ever
.
It
was
no
hard
matter
to
foresee
,
that
all
these
inconveniences
might
possibly
arrive
:
but
being
his
forbearing
to
go
,
would
inevitably
convince
him
of
the
highest
disobedience
,
the
discreeter
sort
of
men
concluded
it
the
safest
for
him
to
try
if
he
could
not
avoid
the
utmost
extremes
,
by
an
entire
confidence
in
his
Majesties
Justice
,
and
in
outward
shew
to
perform
that
with
great
alacrity
,
and
freedom
,
which
in
effect
there
was
a
necessity
upon
him
,
he
must
however
do
.
The
Duke
saw
clearly
enough
into
the
truth
of
this
last
advice
;
yet
could
he
not
without
great
repugnancy
,
and
unwillingness
follow
that
Counsel
;
and
the
natural
desire
of
the
Liberty
,
he
believ'd
ready
to
be
ravish'd
from
him
(
or
that
at
best
depended
only
upon
his
Enemies
Capricio
)
possess'd
him
with
so
great
a
disquiet
of
mind
,
as
fail'd
little
of
endangering
his
health
by
a
new
relapse
.
He
nevertheless
by
his
constancy
,
once
more
overcame
all
his
resentments
,
and
mistrusts
,
and
arming
himself
with
a
generous
resolution
,
determin'd
in
the
end
to
do
,
what
must
either
speedily
be
done
,
or
he
must
inevitably
lose
himself
for
ever
.
But
forasmuch
as
he
discover'd
some
little
beam
of
hope
in
the
Count
de
Soisson's
undertaking
(
whose
party
was
tacitly
favour'd
by
all
the
Male-contents
,
and
with
greater
reason
by
him
,
than
all
the
rest
)
he
observ'd
such
an
Order
in
his
departure
from
Plassac
,
and
throughout
the
whole
progress
of
his
Journey
,
as
on
the
one
side
to
avoid
the
imputation
of
Disobedience
,
should
the
Count's
Affairs
meet
with
any
ill
success
;
and
on
the
other
to
be
in
a
condition
suddenly
to
return
into
his
Government
to
favour
his
Cause
,
should
there
be
the
least
apparence
(
as
there
was
a
great
deal
)
that
this
Prince
could
receive
any
advantage
by
his
joyning
with
him
.
The
better
then
to
fit
all
things
for
his
propos'd
design
,
he
was
near
a
month
in
preparing
his
Equipage
:
the
most
necessary
things
must
by
all
means
be
bought
at
places
a
great
way
off
,
though
they
might
have
been
had
much
nearer
at
hand
;
and
when
all
things
were
got
ready
,
he
was
advis'd
to
feign
some
incommodities
in
his
Health
,
as
the
remains
of
his
late
Sickness
:
an
advice
he
for
a
few
days
put
in
practice
,
though
in
the
end
he
must
of
necessity
set
out
,
and
it
was
the
12
th
.
day
of
Iuly
.
He
had
been
sometime
in
suspence
,
whether
he
should
take
the
Dutchess
de
la
Valette
and
her
little
Children
along
with
him
this
Journey
,
or
no
;
he
could
not
in
the
great
apprehensions
had
been
infus'd
into
him
of
the
loss
of
his
own
Liberty
,
consent
that
persons
so
dear
unto
him
should
bear
a
part
in
so
great
a
Disgrace
;
who
as
they
were
in
other
things
the
greatest
Consolation
he
had
,
so
were
they
in
this
none
of
the
least
causes
of
his
Affliction
:
but
their
Piety
soon
cut
off
all
deliberation
,
and
they
carried
that
by
the
violence
of
their
importunity
,
which
they
could
not
otherwise
obtain
of
so
good
a
Father
,
and
were
at
last
admitted
to
the
Voyage
.
During
these
delays
in
the
Duke
's
slender
Preparation
,
the
Count
de
Soissons
,
The
Count
de
Soissons
makes
great
preparation
for
War
.
and
the
Duke
de
Boüillon
,
had
made
so
mighty
ones
wherewith
to
oppose
the
Power
of
the
King
,
that
they
were
apparently
the
stronger
Party
,
and
in
a
condition
to
bring
over
the
Victory
to
their
own
side
.
The
Armies
of
the
one
,
and
the
other
party
were
so
near
,
and
both
so
animated
against
one
another
,
that
it
was
hardly
possible
they
should
avoid
coming
immediately
to
Blows
;
every
one
in
his
wishes
favour'd
the
Count's
Designs
,
and
all
the
people
,
the
Cities
,
and
generally
all
France
open'd
their
Arms
to
receive
him
:
neither
was
the
Duke
of
Espernon
ignorant
of
these
good
dispositions
towards
him
,
with
whom
he
went
along
in
his
Heart
,
and
Judgment
;
so
that
hoping
much
on
the
one
side
,
and
fearing
something
nevertheless
on
the
other
,
he
began
his
Journey
.
From
Plassac
,
his
first
days
Journey
was
to
Pons
,
a
League
and
a
half
only
distant
from
his
own
House
,
which
although
a
very
little
one
,
and
that
he
perform'd
it
in
his
Litter
,
he
nothwithstanding
went
to
Bed
presently
after
his
arrival
,
and
all
the
next
day
rested
there
.
The
day
following
he
went
to
Cognac
,
to
visit
the
Count
de
Ionzac
,
in
which
little
Town
,
which
had
formerly
been
a
member
of
his
Government
of
Angoumois
,
he
found
a
great
number
of
Gentlemen
,
and
Ladies
of
very
good
Quality
,
whom
the
compassion
of
his
finister
Fortune
had
assembled
there
to
pay
him
their
last
Visit
,
as
they
believ'd
,
and
as
indeed
it
prov'd
to
be
.
He
could
not
upon
this
occasion
,
so
govern
his
own
humour
,
as
to
be
perswaded
to
feign
himself
indispos'd
,
that
being
a
part
he
could
only
play
,
when
there
was
none
by
to
see
him
:
but
in
the
great
world
his
Prudence
could
never
obtain
so
great
an
Authority
over
his
haughty
Spirit
:
but
that
he
must
ever
make
a
shew
of
more
Health
and
vigour
,
than
he
really
had
.
A
thing
his
Servants
were
very
much
afflicted
at
,
as
very
much
out
of
season
;
some
of
which
having
represented
to
him
the
example
of
the
Duke
of
Rhetz
,
who
a
long
time
preserv'd
his
Life
,
and
kept
his
Offices
,
by
having
with
great
art
,
and
industry
given
hopes
,
that
the
latter
,
would
soon
become
vacant
by
the
loss
of
the
other
;
he
despis'd
that
sort
of
Prudence
,
telling
them
that
the
malignity
of
old
Age
,
would
soon
enough
,
and
to
his
great
grief
render
him
altogether
useless
,
without
that
he
needed
to
antedate
that
unhappy
time
by
artifice
,
and
dissimulation
.
That
which
I
conceive
made
him
so
resolute
to
despise
all
Counsels
that
carried
with
them
any
similitude
of
fear
,
was
the
frequent
intelligence
he
receiv'd
from
a
very
good
hand
of
the
good
posture
the
Count's
▪
Affairs
were
in
:
full
of
which
good
news
he
departed
from
Cognac
to
go
to
Neuvy
,
a
House
belonging
to
the
Baron
of
Auton
his
Nephew
,
where
he
intended
to
counterfeit
the
sick
man
,
till
he
should
have
certain
intelligence
of
the
success
of
the
Count's
Arms
:
but
he
had
no
time
to
make
a
long
dissimulation
of
it
,
for
two
days
after
his
arrival
at
this
place
,
the
Countess
de
Brienne
passing
that
way
to
go
into
Angoumois
,
News
brought
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
of
the
Death
of
the
Count
de
So●ssons
,
slain
at
the
Battel
of
Sedan
.
came
to
give
him
a
Visit
,
and
brought
him
the
first
news
of
the
winning
of
the
Battel
of
Sedan
,
but
withal
of
the
Count
's
unhappy
Death
.
The
truth
of
this
disaster
soon
cur'd
the
Duke
of
his
pretended
Indisposition
;
he
very
well
knew
that
the
loss
of
this
Prince
did
not
only
take
away
the
fruits
of
his
Victory
,
but
would
moreover
infallibly
transfer
it
to
the
contrary
side
:
And
then
it
was
that
he
saw
how
much
he
stood
oblig'd
to
his
own
Wisdom
,
and
how
great
an
error
he
had
run
into
,
had
he
yielded
more
to
the
tenderness
of
his
Friends
,
than
to
his
own
ma●urer
Counsels
;
for
had
this
news
found
him
yet
at
Plassac
,
with
what
probable
excuses
could
he
have
pallia●ed
the
Intelligence
,
he
was
believ'd
to
maintain
with
the
Count
;
or
what
more
specious
pretence
could
his
Enemies
have
desir'd
,
to
have
added
to
the
ill
usage
they
had
so
long
made
him
undergo
?
Even
his
own
delays
,
and
some
too
free
expressions
had
escap'd
from
him
in
the
almost
certain
expectation
he
had
been
possess'd
withal
of
a
hopeful
issue
,
did
not
a
little
afflict
him
;
wherefore
the
better
to
conceal
all
that
had
pass'd
,
he
immediately
resolv'd
upon
sending
away
a
Gentleman
to
Court
with
a
Letter
antedated
some
few
days
before
,
to
the
end
it
might
not
be
imagin'd
,
he
had
writ
since
the
Death
of
the
Count
;
which
Letter
contain'd
these
words
.
SIR
,
I
send
this
Gentleman
to
acquaint
your
Majesty
with
the
Obedience
I
have
paid
to
the
command
you
was
pleas'd
to
send
me
to
go
to
Loches
;
The
Duke
of
Esp●rn●n's
Letter
to
the
King
.
't
is
now
six
days
since
I
set
out
to
begin
this
Journey
,
which
I
should
also
Sir
have
done
much
sooner
,
would
my
health
have
permitted
;
or
could
I
with
less
trouble
have
procur'd
the
Equipages
necessary
for
my
departure
.
From
the
time
that
I
have
been
in
a
condition
to
move
,
I
have
been
in
motion
,
having
never
had
the
least
repugnancy
to
your
Majes●ies
command
:
I
shall
ever
have
the
same
inclimation
to
obey
them
,
and
in
the
last
moments
of
my
Life
,
make
it
my
glory
to
manifest
to
your
Majesty
,
that
I
have
never
swerv'd
from
the
absolute
Obedience
,
that
was
vow'd
to
you
from
your
birth
,
by
Sir
,
Your
,
&c.
And
being
he
conceiv'd
it
not
enough
to
give
the
King
this
account
only
,
unless
at
the
same
time
the
Cardinal
was
also
satisfied
with
his
Conduct
,
he
wrote
to
him
in
like
manner
,
and
almost
in
the
same
words
he
had
done
to
the
King
.
Whilst
these
Letters
were
posting
to
Court
,
he
,
by
very
short
Journeys
was
still
advancing
towards
Loches
,
where
,
notwithstanding
all
the
delays
he
could
make
,
having
the
hazard
of
his
Liberty
ever
present
to
his
imagination
,
he
thought
he
should
but
too
soon
arrive
.
With
these
melancholy
thoughts
going
on
to
Poicti●rs
,
the
compassion
which
the
principal
Officers
,
and
the
people
of
that
City
manifested
for
his
present
Adversity
,
did
much
augment
his
Grief
,
and
suspicion
of
some
future
mischief
.
He
there
receiv'd
from
all
the
Orders
of
the
City
the
same
Honours
,
and
Respect
,
as
if
he
had
still
stood
in
the
highest
degree
of
his
Prosperity
,
and
Favour
,
and
every
one
making
the
same
reflections
upon
his
present
condition
,
that
he
himself
did
;
the
people
ran
from
all
parts
to
see
so
great
an
example
of
the
Injustice
,
Vici●●itude
,
and
Extravagancy
of
Fortune
,
which
occasion'd
so
great
a
crow'd
even
in
his
own
Lodgins
,
as
put
him
upon
a
resolution
to
go
out
on
foot
into
the
Market-place
of
the
City
,
which
was
also
near
to
his
Inne
,
to
satisfie
the
curiosity
they
had
to
behold
him
:
but
he
was
thereby
in
so
great
danger
to
be
stifled
by
the
multitude
,
that
he
had
no
way
to
free
himself
,
but
by
the
favour
of
his
Coach
,
that
he
was
of
necessity
constrain'd
to
send
for
to
disingage
him
.
From
Poictiers
he
continued
his
way
to
l●
Tricherie
;
but
he
had
made
so
little
haste
withal
,
as
had
given
his
Courrier
time
to
go
to
Court
,
and
to
return
,
whilst
he
had
been
advancing
,
twelve
,
or
fifteen
Leagues
of
his
Journey
only
;
so
that
he
found
him
still
upon
his
way
,
when
he
brought
him
this
Dispatch
from
the
King
.
Cousin
,
I
was
very
well
pleas'd
to
find
by
your
Letter
,
His
Majesties
Letter
to
the
Duke
.
that
you
had
put
your self
upon
your
way
to
Loches
,
so
soon
as
your
health
would
permit
;
neither
did
I
doubt
,
but
you
would
upon
this
occasion
conform
your self
unto
my
desires
:
and
I
do
moreover
assure
my self
you
will
ever
do
the
same
,
whereby
you
will
oblige
me
to
continue
to
you
the
testimonies
of
my
Affection
;
upon
which
assurance
I
pray
God
,
&c.
From
Rhemes
the
21.
of
Iuly
,
1641.
That
of
the
Cardinal
was
couch'd
in
these
terms
.
Monsieur
,
The
King
is
very
well
satisfied
with
your
Obedience
to
his
Commands
,
The
Cardinals
Letter
to
the
Duke
.
which
he
also
has
laid
upon
you
in
order
to
your
own
particular
good
;
and
I
for
my
part
have
receiv'd
a
very
high
contentment
in
understanding
by
this
Gentleman
the
good
disposition
wherein
you
now
are
;
a
continuation
whereof
I
heartily
wish
you
,
as
being
,
&c.
To
add
yet
something
more
to
the
satisfaction
the
Duke
had
receiv'd
by
these
two
kind
Letters
,
the
Gentleman
that
brought
them
moreover
assur'd
him
,
that
he
had
observ'd
at
Court
no
other
than
Serene
,
and
Auspicious
Countenances
;
and
that
there
was
nothing
which
for
the
future
threatned
any
worse
usage
,
than
what
he
had
already
receiv'd
:
Insomuch
that
even
his
best
Friends
there
,
and
those
who
were
most
solicitous
of
him
did
believe
,
that
had
he
not
already
receiv'd
a
Command
to
depart
from
Plassac
,
they
would
not
now
have
enjoyn'd
him
that
trouble
,
the
Cardinal
being
reassur'd
by
the
Death
of
the
Count
de
Soissons
:
but
seeing
that
Order
had
been
already
sent
him
,
they
would
rather
choose
to
have
it
executed
,
contrary
to
all
reason
,
than
to
revoke
it
with
any
kind
of
Justice
.
These
Dispatches
,
and
this
news
from
Court
,
being
so
much
better
than
the
Duke
had
expected
,
did
a
little
quiet
his
mind
;
so
that
in
the
end
he
arriv'd
at
Loches
,
with
much
less
apprehension
,
and
far
greater
chearfulness
than
he
had
parted
from
Plassac
.
This
satisfaction
was
improv'd
to
him
by
the
extraordinary
Acclamations
wherewith
all
the
people
receiv'd
him
at
his
arrival
there
,
The
D●ke
of
Esp●rnon
〈◊〉
at
Leches
,
and
is
there
receiv'd
with
great
Honour
.
which
was
upon
the
third
of
August
,
there
being
no
kind
of
Honours
,
nor
any
evidences
of
Publick
Joy
omitted
at
his
Reception
.
All
the
Persons
of
Quality
,
of
which
there
are
a
very
great
number
thereabouts
,
came
to
visit
him
:
The
City
of
Tour●s
paid
him
the
same
Respect
,
and
the
Archbishop
having
given
the
example
to
the
rest
of
the
City
,
the
Chapter
,
and
President
also
sent
to
Complement
him
:
besides
which
Civilities
from
the
Body
in
general
,
and
the
several
Societies
,
and
Fraternities
in
particular
,
almost
all
the
Magistrates
,
and
Officers
,
at
least
the
most
considerable
of
them
,
came
in
their
own
persons
to
wait
upon
him
;
insomuch
that
it
seem'd
,
whilst
Courted
,
and
Complemented
at
this
unexpected
rate
,
he
was
nothing
fall'n
from
his
former
Prosperity
,
and
Greatness
.
All
these
Honours
(
of
which
he
was
as
sensible
as
any
)
having
reviv'd
his
Spirits
,
and
consequently
quickned
,
and
rais'd
his
Wit
,
and
Fancy
,
he
made
himself
to
be
highly
admir'd
,
by
an
infinite
number
of
the
Curious
,
who
being
continually
asking
him
a
thousand
Questions
concerning
the
State
Secret
of
past
Transactions
,
he
clear'd
them
of
several
important
Doubts
,
which
few
men
living
could
unriddle
;
and
explain'd
to
them
many
passages
in
d'
Avila's
History
,
which
at
this
time
was
so
new
in
France
,
that
it
was
in
the
hands
of
very
few
.
He
had
a
complacency
for
all
sorts
of
people
,
far
above
what
till
now
he
had
ever
had
,
and
a
gracious
and
winning
sweetness
for
his
own
Servants
they
had
never
known
before
:
by
which
obliging
and
free
fashion
,
together
with
the
antient
esteem
annext
to
his
Person
,
and
Vertue
,
he
in
an
instant
won
the
Love
,
and
Applause
of
all
the
world
.
In
this
publick
and
universal
Favour
,
and
Reputation
,
and
in
the
assurance
had
been
given
him
from
Court
,
that
nothing
●inister
was
to
be
apprehended
thence
,
the
memory
of
his
antient
Authority
began
again
to
revive
in
his
mind
,
and
that
put
him
upon
a
desire
to
exercise
it
in
this
little
Government
;
which
that
he
might
the
better
do
,
he
particularly
inform'd
himself
of
all
the
Affairs
of
the
City
,
and
Country
about
it
,
he
caus'd
all
the
Courriers
that
pass'd
that
way
to
come
immediately
to
himself
,
and
suffer'd
nothing
of
Publick
Business
,
to
be
determin'd
without
first
giving
him
an
account
:
so
that
in
a
place
where
it
seem'd
he
had
nothing
at
all
to
do
,
he
was
ingenious
enough
to
find
himself
employment
,
and
to
create
himself
some
diversion
,
and
delight
.
Who
is
it
but
must
be
astonish'd
in
this
condition
of
the
Duke's
,
and
after
so
many
,
and
so
great
Severities
exercis'd
upon
him
,
to
see
the
Cardinal
,
who
was
the
Authour
of
all
,
make
no
difficulty
to
address
to
him
,
and
to
request
favours
at
his
hands
?
In
the
height
of
all
his
Persecutions
,
they
had
still
retain●d
for
him
some
shadow
of
his
Office
of
Colonel
;
and
about
this
time
one
of
his
Officers
Aide
Major
to
the
Regiment
of
Guards
,
call'd
Ocamp
,
having
been
slain
at
the
Siege
of
Aire
,
Montant
his
Brother
address'd
himself
to
the
Cardinal
,
by
his
Intercession
to
be
invested
with
his
Brothers
Command
.
The
Duke
would
never
descend
so
low
towards
the
Cardinal
(
though
he
had
met
with
several
occasions
wherein
he
might
with
much
more
reason
have
done
it
)
not
so
much
as
after
the
death
of
the
Cardinal
his
Son
,
he
being
(
as
has
been
already
said
)
never
to
be
prevail'd
upon
to
ask
him
any
one
of
his
Benefices
:
but
Cardinal
Richelieu
,
without
being
mov'd
at
the
generosity
of
this
Example
,
writ
this
Letter
to
the
Duke
.
Monsieur
,
The
Sieur
de
Montant
who
is
coming
to
wait
upon
you
,
The
Cardinals
Letter
to
the
Duke
of
Esp●rnon
.
to
make
suit
for
the
Office
of
Aide
Major
to
the
Regiment
of
Guards
,
formerly
possess'd
by
his
Brother
,
slain
at
the
Siege
of
Aire
,
having
intreated
me
to
fortifie
his
Request
by
my
Recommendation
:
I
write
this
to
satisfie
his
desire
,
and
to
tell
you
,
that
in
my
opinion
,
you
cannot
make
choice
of
any
one
that
will
either
be
more
acceptable
to
the
Regiment
,
or
that
in
his
own
person
will
more
worthily
discharge
it
.
For
what
concerns
my
own
particular
,
I
shall
think
my self
highly
oblig'd
,
if
you
manifest
to
him
,
upon
this
occasion
,
that
my
Intercession
has
been
useful
to
him
,
and
that
you
have
a
consideration
for
the
Request
of
Monsieur
,
Your
,
&c.
From
Rethel
this
28
th
.
of
Iuly
,
1641.
There
was
not
any
about
the
Duke
,
who
was
not
astonish'd
at
this
Request
,
and
he
himself
to
that
degree
,
that
he
had
much
ado
to
perswade
himself
the
Letter
was
not
supposititious
,
and
forg'd
:
having
nevertheless
consider'd
how
unlikely
it
was
,
that
in
so
publick
a
thing
,
any
person
whatever
durst
be
so
bold
,
as
to
counterfeit
the
Seal
of
so
powerful
,
and
so
fear'd
a
Minister
,
he
began
to
suspect
it
might
be
some
Artifice
to
extract
from
him
a
denial
,
from
thence
to
derive
a
pertext
for
the
future
to
dispose
of
all
Offices
that
should
become
vacant
in
the
French
Infantry
,
without
having
any
more
recourse
to
him
for
his
Consent
.
Knowing
therefore
very
well
,
that
he
,
who
only
intreated
,
had
Power
to
take
;
and
that
he
would
doubtless
do
it
,
did
he
not
presently
grant
his
request
,
he
rather
quitted
to
him
,
than
gave
him
the
Command
,
and
thereupon
sent
him
a
Letter
,
of
which
this
is
the
Copy
.
Monsieur
,
The
Sieur
de
Montant
being
come
to
me
with
a
Letter
from
you
,
The
Duke's
answer
.
wherein
you
desire
of
me
in
his
Favour
the
Office
of
Aide
Major
to
the
Regiment
of
Guards
,
become
vacant
by
the
Death
of
his
Brother
;
I
was
no
less
pleas'd
than
amaz'd
to
see
,
that
in
the
Condition
I
now
am
,
I
have
any
thing
left
that
may
be
acceptable
to
you
.
This
is
it
has
oblig'd
me
to
dispatch
away
this
Gentleman
,
on
purpose
to
bring
you
a
Blank
Commission
of
the
Office
you
desire
,
that
you
may
fill
it
up
with
any
you
have
a
mind
to
gratifie
with
that
Command
,
reserving
to
my self
herein
nothing
,
save
the
sole
satisfaction
of
letting
you
see
how
much
I
am
,
Monsieur
,
&c.
From
Loches
this
12
th
.
of
August
,
1641.
The
Cardinal
would
by
no
means
comprehend
the
terms
of
this
Letter
,
though
they
were
not
so
obscure
,
but
that
the
true
sense
was
very
easie
to
be
understood
;
he
accepted
the
Office
however
very
well
,
without
considering
nevertheless
,
how
few
occasions
of
that
kind
remain'd
to
the
Duke
,
wherein
to
oblige
his
own
Servants
,
and
to
add
yet
more
to
our
wonder
,
return'd
him
thanks
in
these
words
.
Monsieur
,
The
obliging
fashion
wherewith
you
have
been
pleas'd
to
gratifie
me
concerning
the
Office
of
Aide
Major
to
the
Regiment
of
Guards
,
The
Cardinal's
Return
to
the
Duke's
answer
.
for
which
I
writ
to
you
in
the
behalf
of
the
Sieur
de
Montant
,
has
given
me
so
high
a
sense
of
the
Favour
,
that
I
can
never
sufficiently
thank
you
,
nor
express
how
infinitely
kindly
I
take
it
.
I
beseech
you
to
believe
that
my
gratitude
is
such
,
as
thereto
nothing
can
be
added
,
no
more
than
to
the
desire
I
have
to
meet
with
occasions
,
wherein
by
my
Services
I
may
manifest
to
you
,
That
I
am
,
&c.
From
Blerancour
this
16
th
.
of
August
,
1641.
Was
it
any
other
than
a
meer
mockery
to
accompany
these
smooth
words
with
the
severest
usage
,
wherewith
an
honest
man
could
possibly
be
persecuted
?
Yet
was
not
all
the
Favour
of
that
time
absolutely
contrary
to
the
Duke
,
Commotions
at
Court
,
stir'd
up
by
the
Favourite
Cinq-Mars
.
and
his
Interests
;
and
if
he
was
by
the
Cardinal
persecuted
to
the
degree
we
have
already
seen
,
Cinq-Mars
Grand
Escuyer
of
France
,
and
the
King
's
true
Favourite
,
had
at
least
as
great
an
inclination
to
serve
,
as
the
other
had
manifested
a
desire
to
hurt
him
.
This
young
Gentleman
one
of
the
most
accomplish'd
,
and
unhappy
that
Nature
ever
produc'd
in
his
time
,
either
jealous
of
the
Cardinal's
Power
,
or
prompted
by
more
vertuous
and
laudable
Motives
,
openly
labour'd
to
overthrow
his
Credit
with
the
King
.
He
had
for
his
principal
Confidents
,
de
Thou
,
and
Fontrailles
,
both
the
one
and
the
other
a
particular
Friend
,
and
Servant
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
by
whose
good
Offices
Cinq-Mars
had
been
wrought
into
so
great
a
kindness
for
the
Duke
,
that
he
often
receiv'd
very
respective
Complements
from
him
.
I
do
not
believe
notwithstanding
,
that
the
Duke
had
any
hand
in
his
Designs
,
if
not
so
far
as
they
might
be
conducing
to
the
Service
of
the
Queen
;
for
in
truth
he
had
so
wholly
devoted
himself
to
the
Service
of
this
Princess
(
every
day
threatned
with
the
loss
of
the
King
by
his
continual
Sicknesses
)
that
he
was
resolv'd
,
upon
occasion
,
to
expose
all
things
for
her
Service
,
and
that
of
the
Princes
her
Children
;
a
disposition
in
him
the
Queen
was
very
well
assur'd
of
:
Neither
did
she
a
little
rely
upon
the
Credit
,
and
Fidelity
of
so
considerable
a
Servant
.
As
to
the
other
disorders
of
the
Court
,
I
very
well
know
he
did
by
no
means
approve
them
:
but
on
the
other
side
fearing
left
Fontrailles
,
whom
he
entirely
lov'd
,
should
engage
himself
too
far
in
those
Factions
,
he
never
writ
to
him
,
though
he
did
it
very
often
,
without
adding
in
a
Postscript
under
his
own
hand
.
[
](A42794-e105470-b)*
*
Above
all
things
take
heed
of
the
Ba●●ille
.
Sur
tout
gardez
vous
de
la
Bastille
,
an
advice
he
as
discreetly
follow'd
,
and
in
good
time
:
But
for
de
Thou
,
being
come
to
see
him
at
Loches
,
soon
after
his
arrival
there
,
I
know
very
well
,
as
having
been
a
Witness
to
it
,
that
he
exhorted
and
conjur'd
him
by
all
the
Ties
betwixt
them
,
to
forsake
the
frequentations
,
and
engagements
he
had
at
Court
,
and
to
settle
himself
to
some
moderate
condition
in
the
Long
Robe
,
which
he
had
taken
upon
him
.
He
had
acquir'd
so
many
rare
,
and
eminent
qualities
proper
for
that
calling
,
as
might
have
rendred
him
one
of
the
greatest
men
of
the
Profession
:
and
besides
that
,
the
Duke
was
induc'd
to
give
him
these
prudent
Exhortations
,
by
the
consideration
of
their
Alliance
,
and
the
Affection
and
Esteem
he
had
for
his
person
,
he
did
moreover
herein
not
a
little
gratifie
the
desire
of
his
Relations
,
and
Friends
,
who
,
knowing
what
a
Power
the
Duke
had
with
him
,
never
ceas'd
importuning
him
to
use
his
utmost
interest
,
and
endeavour
to
withdraw
him
from
that
unquiet
kind
of
life
,
Monsieur
de
Thou
involv'd
in
the
Grand
Es●uyer's
ruine
he
had
for
some
time
lead
.
But
his
Destiny
carried
it
above
their
Prudence
▪
and
Foresight
;
and
he
must
in
the
end
add
to
the
number
of
the
Illustrious
unhappy
of
his
time
.
The
Duke
had
not
the
grief
of
seeing
his
deplorable
end
,
his
own
Death
sometime
preceding
,
as
we
shall
shortly
see
,
and
of
which
this
in
my
opinion
was
the
cause
.
From
the
time
that
the
Duke
of
Espernon
had
been
establish'd
in
the
Government
of
Guienne
,
The
Calumny
of
Madaillan
against
the
Duke
,
the
cause
of
his
Death
.
he
having
conceiv'd
,
that
to
add
greater
weight
to
his
Authority
,
it
would
not
be
inconvenient
to
inflict
some
exemplary
punishment
,
upon
some
notable
Offenders
:
a
Gentleman
of
that
Province
,
but
one
the
most
unworthy
of
that
Quality
of
any
that
ever
wore
that
Character
,
called
Madaillan
,
fell
within
the
danger
of
his
Justice
.
The
Duke
therefore
being
solicited
,
and
importun'd
on
a
thousand
hands
,
to
cause
Justice
to
be
executed
upon
this
man
,
for
an
infinite
number
of
Crimes
,
whereof
he
stood
Convict
,
he
at
last
attempted
to
seize
him
,
that
he
might
be
brought
to
condigne
Punishment
:
but
this
wretch
as
Distrustful
and
Cunning
,
as
Villanous
,
and
Wicked
,
still
found
means
to
escape
the
hands
of
the
Serjeants
,
who
had
order
from
the
Duke
to
apprehend
him
,
Madaillan's
Character
.
and
lay
a
long
time
conceal'd
in
the
Province
.
In
the
end
notwithstanding
he
was
constrain'd
to
fly
,
which
he
did
,
and
put
himself
into
the
Enemies
Armies
,
not
to
Fight
,
for
he
was
never
guilty
of
any
handsome
Action
,
but
to
Plunder
and
to
Betray
;
insomuch
that
in
a
very
little
space
,
he
had
to
his
other
Crimes
added
that
of
a
Fugitive
from
all
Parties
.
He
was
in
Pay
with
the
Imperialists
,
the
Swedes
,
the
Spaniards
,
and
the
States
of
Holland
;
after
which
famous
Exploits
he
return'd
home
to
his
own
house
,
hoping
that
time
had
worn
out
of
the
Duke's
mind
the
memory
of
his
former
Offences
:
but
he
soon
perceiv'd
there
was
no
abiding
in
the
Duke's
Government
,
for
men
of
his
known
and
detected
manners
.
He
there
liv'd
therefore
in
so
perpetual
fear
,
as
made
him
to
keep
a
kind
of
Garrison
in
his
House
;
which
the
Duke
having
notice
of
,
he
resolv'd
to
cause
some
of
his
Souldiery
to
beset
the
House
,
and
by
fine
force
to
take
him
.
This
Deliberation
,
which
could
not
be
executed
without
some
noise
,
gave
Madaillan
leisure
to
make
his
escape
:
he
took
therefore
at
this
time
the
way
of
Italy
,
and
went
to
Genoa
,
where
he
presented
Prince
Auria
with
some
counterfeit
Letters
from
the
Duke
of
Montmorency
,
under
favour
of
which
,
he
gull'd
this
Prince
of
some
very
considerable
Summes
of
Money
.
From
thence
he
went
to
Rome
,
where
he
insinuated
himself
into
the
Family
of
the
Count
de
Brassac
,
Ambassadour
there
for
the
King
of
France
,
of
whom
,
by
virtue
of
other
Counterfeit
Letters
,
he
was
favourably
receiv'd
:
But
it
is
not
to
be
believ'd
how
many
Cheats
,
Insolencies
,
and
other
abominable
Crimes
he
committed
under
our
Ambassadours
Protection
;
till
in
the
end
the
Count
tir'd
out
with
the
Complaints
he
daily
receiv'd
of
his
lewd
Behaviour
,
was
upon
the
point
to
have
deliver'd
him
into
the
hands
of
Justice
,
if
he
had
not
fairly
ran
away
.
After
this
manner
Madaillan
returns
back
into
France
;
neither
could
he
possibly
have
arriv'd
in
a
more
favourable
conjuncture
for
such
men
as
he
,
it
being
precisely
at
the
time
of
the
great
Revolts
of
Guienne
,
and
wherein
he
also
had
the
share
that
was
his
due
.
The
King
being
willing
to
communicate
his
Grace
at
the
Duke's
instance
towards
such
as
had
been
guilty
of
those
Disorders
,
the
said
Duke
had
nevertheless
a
care
,
to
cause
such
to
be
excepted
from
the
general
Indemnity
,
as
were
tax'd
with
other
hainous
and
notorious
Crimes
,
conceiving
it
neither
just
,
nor
of
good
Example
,
that
by
new
Crimes
men
should
pretend
to
Pardon
for
the
old
,
and
that
by
great
Offences
they
should
obtain
an
impunity
for
others
of
less
importance
.
The
King
maturely
weighing
these
good
Reasons
of
the
Duke
,
proceeded
according
to
his
Advice
;
by
which
means
Madaillan
found
himself
in
much
more
danger
after
the
Pardon
of
the
other
Delinquents
,
than
at
any
time
before
he
had
ever
been
.
His
Conscience
,
besides
the
Crimes
already
mention'd
,
did
moreove
accuse
him
of
several
others
,
of
a
horrid
,
and
unheard
of
nature
;
For
the
incest
he
had
committed
with
his
own
Daughter
,
had
in
his
Process
been
prov'd
against
him
;
the
Parricide
having
moreover
caus'd
three
Children
he
had
by
her
to
be
murther'd
before
his
own
eyes
.
He
had
been
Convict
of
having
four
Wives
at
one
,
and
the
same
time
,
and
of
all
the
other
abominable
Actions
can
be
imagin'd
:
what
was
there
then
that
ought
to
be
suspected
from
an
Enemy
arm'd
with
so
much
wickedness
,
and
so
many
horrid
,
and
detested
Crimes
?
This
desperate
Villain
seeing
himself
,
and
his
Affairs
,
in
so
lost
and
irrecoverable
a
condition
,
and
knowing
the
persecution
the
Duke
of
Espernon
,
and
all
his
Family
suffer'd
under
at
that
time
,
His
Resolution
to
ruine
the
D●ke
of
Espernon
.
took
a
resolution
to
fall
upon
him
to
his
final
Ruine
,
and
to
assault
him
with
so
hateful
a
Calumny
,
as
that
the
sole
Accusation
should
of
it self
,
and
of
course
,
put
the
party
accus'd
out
of
all
manner
of
defence
.
Big
therefore
with
this
accurs'd
design
,
he
goes
to
Paris
,
where
not
finding
the
King
,
he
addresses
himself
to
the
Dutchess
of
Eguillon
;
to
whom
concealing
his
Name
,
as
being
too
well
known
,
in
a
studied
Discourse
of
which
he
was
capable
enough
,
he
delivers
in
great
secresie
,
That
there
was
a
Conspiracy
on
foot
against
the
proper
Person
of
the
King
himself
,
and
also
against
that
of
the
Cardinal
her
Uncle
.
Neither
was
he
content
to
make
a
bare
discovery
of
the
pretended
Treason
,
and
proceeded
moreover
to
undertake
to
justifie
what
he
had
said
by
literal
proofs
,
provided
he
might
have
three
months
Protection
granted
him
in
Guienne
,
where
his
Enemies
,
he
said
,
had
invented
false
Crimes
against
him
,
on
purpose
to
destroy
him
.
His
Artifice
herein
.
It
is
to
be
presum'd
,
he
did
not
forget
the
Duke
of
Espernon's
name
,
in
this
first
Accusation
,
though
it
was
afterwards
deny'd
at
Court
,
when
the
business
came
to
be
discover'd
.
The
Dutchess
however
,
interested
as
she
was
in
the
Person
of
the
Cardinal
,
and
startled
as
she
ought
to
be
,
with
the
horror
of
so
prodigious
a
Treason
,
writ
in
all
haste
to
the
Court
,
which
was
then
at
Amiens
;
from
whence
without
any
difficulty
at
all
she
obtain'd
the
safe
Conduct
Madaillan
had
desir'd
in
order
to
the
producing
his
Proofs
.
He
must
needs
have
some
money
also
,
which
was
likewise
given
him
,
with
an
Order
to
take
up
more
in
the
Province
;
so
that
to
the
astonishment
of
all
good
men
,
behold
this
wicked
Villain
restor'd
to
his
Country
,
and
again
settled
in
his
own
House
.
He
presents
his
Letters
of
safe
Conduct
to
the
Parliament
,
where
they
were
Recorded
,
and
soon
after
Assembles
all
those
whom
the
Relation
of
their
Offences
could
any
ways
render
favourable
to
him
,
to
his
own
House
.
Amongst
this
sort
of
people
there
were
three
or
four
notorious
Impostors
,
to
whom
with
the
rest
of
his
Complices
he
very
gravely
represented
,
He
proposes
his
Design
to
his
Complices
.
The
Obligation
they
all
had
to
him
,
for
the
special
care
he
had
taken
,
both
of
their
Lives
,
and
Fortunes
;
telling
them
that
he
had
now
that
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
their
common
Persecutor
,
absolutely
in
his
power
,
to
dispose
of
it
to
their
Benefit
,
and
Advantage
:
That
in
order
hereunto
he
had
undertaken
by
his
diligence
to
prove
,
the
Duke
had
meditated
an
Artempt
upon
the
Persons
of
the
King
,
and
the
great
Minister
:
That
therefore
every
one
there
was
to
do
his
utmost
endeavour
,
that
an
act
of
that
merit
,
utility
,
and
importance
to
them
all
might
not
be
left
imperfect
;
especially
considering
,
that
thereupon
depended
their
happiness
,
Security
,
Repose
,
and
Advancement
.
These
promises
were
far
greater
than
had
been
any
ways
necessary
to
allure
such
mean
,
and
abject
Minds
into
his
wicked
design
;
so
that
they
immediately
,
and
without
further
deliberation
,
put
their
hands
to
the
work
:
The
Secretaries
Character
was
easie
enough
to
be
imitated
;
but
they
could
never
Counterfeit
the
Duke's
Seal
,
which
being
very
intricate
,
was
exceedingly
difficult
to
be
resembled
to
any
tolerable
degree
.
Madaillan
then
seeing
this
way
would
not
take
,
applies
himself
to
one
Grillety
a
notorious
Ring
Leader
of
the
Padders
:
This
Fellow
,
after
the
Defeat
,
and
Dissipation
of
his
Complices
,
had
retir'd
himself
into
a
Forest
of
Perigort
,
where
with
strange
Boldness
,
and
Impudence
,
he
committed
so
many
Robberies
,
and
Murthers
,
as
had
rendred
his
name
Famous
even
in
the
very
Court
it self
.
To
this
man
,
as
he
had
done
before
to
the
rest
,
he
offers
Indemnity
,
and
Recompence
,
if
he
would
accuse
the
Duke
of
Espernon
to
have
dealt
with
him
to
attempt
an
Assassinate
upon
the
Persons
of
the
King
,
and
Cardinal
Richelieu
.
'T
is
said
,
that
,
although
nourish'd
in
Blood
,
and
Slaughter
,
and
opprest
with
Crimes
,
for
which
he
could
expect
no
Pardon
,
this
man
nevertheless
was
not
wicked
enough
to
hearken
to
this
Proposition
;
insomuch
that
at
the
first
he
absolutely
refus'd
to
do
it
,
and
if
afterwards
the
hopes
of
Pardon
tempted
him
into
that
damnable
practice
,
it
was
not
however
to
persist
in
his
wickedness
to
the
utmost
tryal
,
as
we
shall
hereafter
see
.
Madaillans
practices
had
alarm'd
the
whole
Country
,
no
body
doubting
but
that
the
frequent
Assemblies
of
such
a
crew
of
Villains
,
would
infallibly
produce
some
prodigious
mischief
.
The
Duke's
Servants
,
of
which
there
were
very
many
in
that
Neighbourhood
,
as
in
all
other
parts
of
the
Province
,
did
easily
judg
that
this
Consultation
was
principally
intended
against
him
,
and
were
not
a
little
troubled
at
it
:
but
they
could
not
at
first
imagine
the
wickedness
of
their
design
to
be
so
great
,
as
it
really
was
.
Saint
Quentin
a
Servant
from
Father
to
Son
,
The
Duke
〈…〉
very
affectionate
to
the
Duke's
Family
,
and
who
had
been
bred
up
from
his
younger
years
with
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
his
Son
,
sent
the
first
intelligence
of
this
Conspiracy
:
but
it
was
no
other
than
Conjecture
only
;
the
certainty
of
it
was
brought
the
Duke
by
Auterive
,
who
came
post
to
him
(
and
I
think
it
was
upon
the
8
th
.
day
of
November
)
to
discover
to
him
the
whole
contrivance
of
this
treacherous
design
.
Another
Gentleman
a
Neighbour
of
his
had
a
Nephew
who
was
a
great
Comrade
of
Madaillan's
,
and
a
great
Confident
of
his
,
from
whom
he
had
learn'd
the
whole
Affair
,
of
which
he
was
not
content
to
deliver
Auterive
a
simple
Relation
by
word
of
mouth
only
,
but
would
moreover
give
him
the
whole
Circumstance
of
it
in
writing
,
that
it
might
by
the
Duke
be
the
better
believ'd
.
The
Duke
having
read
,
and
communicated
this
Intelligence
to
some
of
his
Domesticks
,
was
surpriz'd
with
so
great
an
astonishment
,
as
the
like
had
never
,
upon
any
occasion
whatever
been
observ'd
in
him
before
.
He
was
in
Bed
,
according
to
his
custom
,
though
it
was
in
the
afternoon
,
when
this
news
came
to
him
;
and
doubtless
it
was
convenient
for
him
,
that
it
should
find
him
in
that
posture
,
the
better
to
resist
so
strange
a
surprize
.
His
first
thought
was
,
that
an
Accusation
of
so
black
,
and
odious
a
nature
had
not
been
contriv'd
without
order
,
and
concluded
thence
,
that
his
Enemies
,
weary
of
his
long
Life
,
would
at
one
blow
deprive
him
of
that
,
And
dispatches
his
Secretary
to
Court
,
to
justifie
himself
.
his
Estate
,
Offices
,
and
Honour
.
In
this
violent
agitation
of
mind
,
which
was
visible
enough
in
his
Countenance
,
he
commanded
his
Secretary
immediately
to
depart
to
go
with
Auterive
to
the
Court
.
He
would
●ound
to
the
bottom
what
opinion
they
there
had
concerning
this
Affair
;
but
he
desir'd
withal
,
that
the
Truth
might
be
exactly
sifted
out
,
that
so
he
might
have
means
to
justifie
his
own
Innocency
,
and
to
cause
the
Authors
of
so
damnable
a
mischief
to
be
severely
punish'd
.
The
Secretary
had
order
to
address
himself
to
Monsieur
Fabert
,
at
that
time
Captain
of
the
Regiment
of
Guards
,
by
his
means
to
get
access
to
Chavigny
,
the
Secretary
of
State
,
by
him
with
greater
facility
to
be
admitted
to
the
Cardinal's
presence
.
The
business
was
carried
on
according
to
the
Duke's
desire
;
Auterive
and
the
Secretary
,
without
any
difficulty
,
got
to
speak
with
Chavigny
,
who
promis'd
the
next
day
to
procure
them
Audience
.
The
next
day
being
come
,
which
was
the
15
th
.
of
November
,
they
were
accordingly
admitted
into
the
Cardinal's
Presence
,
where
the
Secretary
having
a
Letter
of
Credence
from
the
Duke
his
Master
,
he
advanc'd
to
present
it
;
which
the
Cardinal
having
received
,
and
read
,
he
told
him
;
That
Monsieur
d'
Espernon
had
referr'd
the
further
explication
of
what
he
desir'd
he
should
be
acquainted
withal
to
him
,
who
was
the
Bearer
;
wherefore
he
desir'd
to
know
what
Service
he
desir'd
of
him
?
He
had
been
before
sufficiently
inform'd
of
all
by
Chavigny
,
who
was
there
present
:
but
would
nevertheless
permit
,
that
he
who
had
deliver'd
him
the
Letter
,
should
again
report
to
him
the
life
of
the
wretched
person
,
who
had
so
vilely
accus'd
his
Master
.
Whereupon
the
Secretary
summarily
repeated
,
All
you
have
heard
before
,
setting
out
Madaillan
in
his
own
colours
,
and
for
such
as
he
truly
was
;
acquainting
the
Cardinal
moreover
of
the
diligence
the
Duke
had
us'd
to
apprehend
him
,
and
to
bring
him
to
condigne
Punishment
for
his
many
,
and
hainous
Crimes
;
making
it
appear
,
that
from
thence
proceeded
the
malice
of
this
Accuser
,
and
that
that
was
the
thing
which
had
prompted
him
to
invent
this
hateful
Calumny
,
by
which
he
intended
to
eclipse
the
Duke's
Honour
;
intreating
him
at
last
,
as
the
highest
Favour
his
Master
could
receive
at
his
hands
,
to
give
order
that
the
falsity
of
this
Accusation
might
be
strictly
examin'd
by
any
person
he
should
think
fit
to
appoint
,
and
not
to
permit
that
the
most
ancient
Officer
of
the
Crown
,
who
had
serv'd
four
Kings
without
Reproach
,
should
in
the
last
Act
of
his
Life
undergo
the
most
odious
of
all
Aspersions
,
without
receiving
the
satisfaction
he
might
reasonably
promise
to
himself
from
his
Eminences
Justice
,
and
his
own
Innocency
.
The
Cardinal
,
after
he
had
hearkened
to
this
Discourse
,
which
was
pretty
long
,
with
great
Civility
,
and
Patience
,
the
Secretary
having
done
,
His
Secretary
is
favourably
receiv'd
by
the
Cardinal
.
made
answer
,
That
it
was
true
,
the
King
being
five
or
six
weeks
ago
at
Amiens
,
Messieurs
,
the
Ministers
who
staid
behind
at
Paris
,
had
given
him
intimation
of
a
man
of
the
Province
of
Guienne
,
who
deliver'd
himself
to
be
a
Gentleman
,
and
whom
they
had
found
to
be
a
man
of
understanding
,
that
was
purposely
come
thither
to
assure
them
,
that
a
Conspiracy
had
been
made
in
Guienne
,
to
attempt
upon
the
Life
of
the
King
,
and
that
he
had
offer'd
to
prove
his
Accusation
by
sufficient
evidence
in
Writing
,
under
the
Hands
of
the
Conspirators
.
You
will
very
well
judg
(
added
the
Cardinal
)
that
an
Advertisement
of
this
kind
,
was
of
too
important
a
nature
to
be
neglected
:
but
he
deny'd
withal
that
the
Duke's
name
had
ever
been
mention'd
in
that
Affair
;
assuring
him
moreover
,
that
had
it
been
so
much
as
glanc'd
at
in
that
Information
,
he
should
immediately
have
concluded
the
whole
thing
altogether
forg'd
,
and
false
,
as
he
now
absolutely
did
:
That
he
knew
the
Duke
to
be
too
good
a
man
to
entertain
so
criminal
a
thought
,
and
that
he
would
ever
answer
for
him
,
as
for
himself
:
That
therefore
he
ought
not
to
concern
himself
about
his
Justification
,
and
that
he
had
been
very
well
wash'd
(
which
was
his
own
expression
)
but
that
notwithstanding
they
were
to
consider
which
way
to
give
him
satisfaction
,
in
causing
those
who
had
been
the
Authors
of
his
Calumny
,
to
be
brought
to
exemplary
punishment
.
After
which
he
enquir'd
by
what
means
Madaillan
might
be
taken
,
concluding
in
the
end
that
the
King
should
give
the
Duke
power
to
apprehend
him
,
if
possible
,
even
in
Guienne
it self
;
that
in
the
mean
time
he
would
give
order
to
have
him
sent
for
to
Court
,
whither
in
a
very
short
time
he
had
also
promis'd
to
come
;
that
by
one
means
or
other
,
it
should
be
a
hard
matter
for
him
to
escape
;
and
,
that
if
he
did
once
fall
into
his
hands
,
he
would
deliver
him
up
into
those
of
Justice
,
as
he
afterwards
did
,
and
in
that
was
very
just
to
his
word
.
The
King's
Dispatch
was
made
ready
at
this
time
;
but
the
Secretary
could
not
however
so
soon
depart
,
as
by
this
successful
beginning
he
was
in
hopes
he
should
have
done
,
Chavigny
,
who
had
order
to
deliver
him
his
Dispatch
,
appointing
him
to
stay
yet
some
few
days
longer
.
But
these
few
days
were
spun
out
into
some
few
weeks
,
during
which
interval
he
had
notice
given
him
by
several
of
his
Friends
,
that
there
was
an
Order
granted
out
to
Arrest
him
,
to
make
him
give
an
account
of
those
Counterfeit
Papers
were
laid
to
his
charge
.
These
advertisements
,
which
he
receiv'd
from
very
good
hands
,
did
much
more
trouble
him
for
the
regard
he
had
to
the
Duke
his
Master
,
than
for
any
thing
that
concern'd
himself
;
he
believ'd
that
they
would
proceed
in
this
Affair
by
the
way
,
and
in
the
forms
of
Justice
,
which
was
nothing
consonant
to
what
had
been
promis'd
him
in
the
beginning
.
The
Duke's
Servants
,
to
whom
he
had
instructions
to
communicate
all
things
,
were
also
infinitely
surpriz'd
at
the
news
:
but
he
forbore
not
,
what
danger
soever
had
been
represented
to
him
,
to
appear
as
at
other
times
in
all
places
where
his
business
lay-After
he
had
given
all
the
time
was
necessary
,
wherein
to
clear
any
doubts
that
might
have
been
started
concerning
this
Affair
,
and
weary
to
see
no
more
than
the
first
hour
he
came
,
he
resolv'd
at
last
,
finding
he
could
obtain
nothing
from
Chavigny
,
to
make
his
Address
immediately
to
the
Cardinal
himself
,
hoping
from
him
at
least
to
learn
the
true
reasons
,
why
he
had
been
thus
long
delay'd
.
This
design
accordingly
took
effect
,
and
the
Cardinal
having
espied
him
amongst
a
crowd
of
other
Solicitors
,
and
Suitors
that
were
attending
in
the
Hall
,
caus'd
him
presently
to
be
call'd
to
tell
him
,
That
upon
the
hopes
Madaillan
had
given
him
of
his
coming
every
day
to
Town
,
And
an
Order
granted
to
apprehend
Madaillan
,
and
his
Complices
.
he
had
desir'd
he
might
stay
to
be
a
witness
of
his
Confinement
:
but
that
seeing
there
was
no
end
of
his
delays
,
he
might
now
return
to
his
Master
,
and
assure
him
,
that
what
he
had
promis'd
upon
this
occasion
,
should
be
punctually
perform'd
:
That
it
would
also
be
necessary
he
on
his
part
should
employ
all
the
Friends
,
and
Servants
he
had
in
Guienne
,
to
cause
the
Slanderer
to
be
taken
,
and
that
,
the
thing
being
of
that
importance
to
his
Honour
,
he
did
not
doubt
but
the
Duke
would
herein
use
endeavours
proportionable
to
the
quality
of
the
Affair
.
After
which
he
pour'd
out
himself
in
several
expressions
of
very
great
Civility
concerning
the
Duke
:
but
they
were
so
▪
distant
from
his
manner
of
proceeding
,
and
so
differing
from
the
ill
usage
he
made
his
Master
at
the
same
time
undergo
;
that
giving
them
no
place
in
his
belief
,
he
scarce
allow'd
them
a
room
in
his
memory
.
After
this
manner
the
Duke's
Secretary
departed
from
Court
,
charg'd
with
Letters
from
the
King
,
and
the
Cardinal
,
which
were
couch'd
in
these
terms
.
Cousin
,
Having
understood
by
the
Sieur
Girard
,
The
King's
Letter
to
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
the
intimation
you
have
receiv'd
,
that
one
Madaillan
of
Sauvetat
had
an
intent
to
accuse
you
of
a
design
to
attempt
upon
my
Person
,
as
also
upon
that
of
my
Cousin
the
Cardinal
of
Richelieu
;
I
write
you
this
to
let
you
know
,
It
is
my
pleasure
,
that
you
cause
the
said
Madaillan
to
be
apprehended
in
any
place
where
he
shall
be
found
;
as
also
the
named
le
Sage
,
Bois-Martin
,
Seingoux
,
and
a
certain
Scrivener
dwelling
at
la
Linde
in
Perigort
,
whom
,
it
is
said
,
he
intends
to
make
use
of
to
fortifie
his
Calumny
.
I
doubt
not
but
you
will
use
all
imaginable
diligence
to
cause
the
forementioned
persons
to
be
taken
,
and
to
dispose
them
into
some
secure
hold
until
you
receive
my
further
Order
.
In
which
assurance
I
pray
God
,
Cousin
,
&c.
At
St.
Germaine
en
Laye
this
10
th
.
of
Decemb.
1641.
That
of
the
Cardinal
contain'd
these
words
.
Monsieur
,
The
Sieur
Girard
will
acquaint
you
with
how
great
facility
the
King
has
been
pleas'd
to
give
way
to
the
clearing
the
Calumny
,
The
Cardinal's
Letter
to
the
D●ke
of
Espernon
.
wherewith
you
have
discover'd
some
malicious
people
have
a
design
to
asperse
you
.
I
can
assure
you
that
such
a
justification
is
not
at
all
necessary
for
the
possessing
his
Majesty
,
touching
the
business
in
agitation
,
with
such
impressions
of
you
,
as
you
would
your self
desire
:
but
he
will
be
very
glad
for
your
own
satisfaction
,
that
so
wicked
an
Imposture
be
punish'd
according
to
its
desert
.
For
my
own
particular
I
shall
ever
be
very
proud
to
meet
occasions
wherein
I
may
manifest
how
great
an
esteem
▪
I
have
for
your
Person
,
and
how
much
I
am
,
&c.
From
Ruel
this
10th
of
Decemb.
1641.
The
Duke
after
the
departure
of
his
Secretary
was
fall'n
into
so
profound
a
Melancholy
,
accompanied
with
a
lingring
Fever
,
that
the
reading
the
favourable
Letters
he
brought
him
back
at
his
return
,
was
not
of
Vertue
wholly
to
cure
a
Disease
that
had
already
taken
too
deep
root
in
his
mind
.
He
was
affected
with
grief
to
that
degree
,
that
nothing
could
content
him
:
but
he
was
nevertheless
a
little
reviv'd
to
find
that
this
Affair
had
not
deriv'd
it self
from
the
source
he
had
at
first
suspected
,
nor
produc'd
those
dangerous
effects
he
reasonably
apprehended
it
would
.
In
this
little
interval
of
repose
,
he
dispatch'd
Auterive
in
all
diligence
into
Guienne
,
with
the
most
express
Orders
he
could
possibly
tell
how
to
give
,
to
cause
Madaillan
,
and
his
Complices
to
be
apprehended
:
but
it
was
labour
lost
;
he
went
of
his
own
accord
to
put
himself
into
the
Cardinal's
hands
,
who
kept
his
word
with
the
Duke
,
committing
him
the
very
day
of
his
arrival
to
the
[
](A42794-e106810-b)*
*
O●
Prison
.
Conciergerie
du
Palais
,
from
whence
he
came
no
more
forth
,
but
to
suffer
the
punishment
of
his
Crimes
.
But
that
was
not
till
after
the
return
of
the
Duke
de
la
Valette
,
who
with
so
much
passion
,
and
generosity
prosecuted
this
accursed
Villain
,
the
real
instrument
of
the
Duke
his
Father's
Death
,
that
in
the
end
he
procur'd
his
chastisement
by
the
hand
of
the
Hangman
.
After
the
dismission
of
Auterive
,
of
which
I
have
now
spoken
,
the
Duke
made
yet
another
dispatch
,
which
also
was
almost
the
last
of
his
Life
,
and
that
was
to
Cardinal
Richelieu
.
The
D●ke
of
Espernon
sends
a
Letter
of
thanks
to
Cardinal
Richelieu
.
All
his
Friends
at
Court
,
knowing
how
civilly
the
Duke
had
been
us'd
by
him
in
the
business
of
Madaillan
,
had
joyntly
given
him
advice
to
return
him
thanks
by
some
express
Messenger
;
at
whose
perswasions
he
writ
to
him
by
the
Count
de
Maillé
(
whom
he
entreated
to
undertake
that
Journey
)
and
these
were
the
words
of
the
Letter
.
Monsieur
,
After
the
Favours
wherewith
you
were
pleas'd
to
oblige
me
,
when
my
Secretary
a
few
days
since
took
a
journey
to
wait
upon
you
,
I
were
of
all
men
living
the
most
ingrate
,
should
I
not
to
the
utmost
of
what
I
possibly
can
,
manifest
to
you
the
the
high
sense
I
have
of
so
great
an
Obligation
.
The
care
of
which
Commission
,
I
thought
I
could
not
better
entrust
to
any
,
than
to
my
Cousin
Monsieur
de
Maillé
,
whom
I
have
intreated
to
protest
to
you
in
my
behalf
,
that
I
will
preserve
the
memory
,
and
acknowledgment
of
that
signal
Favour
to
the
last
hour
of
my
life
.
I
do
beseech
you
to
believe
this
great
truth
,
which
by
my
Actions
should
be
justified
,
and
confirmed
to
you
,
if
the
power
to
serve
you
were
equal
to
the
will
he
shall
ever
retain
,
who
is
,
Monsieur
,
Your
most
Humble
,
and
most
Obedient
Servant
,
&c.
This
Complement
of
Most
Obedient
,
which
I
have
here
purposely
transcrib'd
,
was
none
of
his
usual
stile
,
it
had
now
also
by
inadvertency
scap'd
his
Pen
,
and
he
sent
an
express
Courrier
after
the
Count
de
Maillé
,
to
retrive
his
Letter
so
soon
as
he
perceiv'd
he
had
subscrib'd
it
after
that
manner
:
Instead
thereof
sending
him
another
with
the
ordinary
Subscription
of
Most
Humble
and
most
Affectionate
,
choosing
rather
to
be
thought
stiffe
,
and
punctillious
,
than
to
go
less
in
the
condition
he
then
was
,
and
to
descend
to
an
extraordinary
civility
,
which
might
rather
be
interpreted
,
and
imputed
to
weakness
,
and
want
of
courage
,
than
to
complacency
,
and
gratitude
.
His
first
Letter
was
indeed
never
delivered
:
but
he
also
never
saw
it
again
.
His
Death
preceded
the
return
of
the
Count
de
Maillé
,
who
had
still
kept
it
in
his
hands
;
and
the
time
was
now
come
,
when
this
long
life
,
which
had
escap'd
from
so
many
,
and
so
eminent
dangers
,
must
end
by
a
Disease
that
was
easily
enough
to
be
foreseen
:
but
for
which
no
remedy
could
possibly
be
found
.
I
have
already
given
an
account
of
the
dangerous
effect
,
Anno
1642.
the
news
of
Madaillan's
Conspiracy
produc'd
to
the
ruine
of
the
Duke's
Health
.
The
Sickness
and
Death
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
And
I
shall
now
tell
you
that
it
was
a
wound
which
had
pierc'd
so
deep
into
his
heart
,
as
no
Balsam
,
neither
of
the
King
's
,
nor
Cardinal's
civil
,
and
obliging
Letters
,
of
his
Friends
Consolations
,
or
of
the
conscience
of
his
own
Innocency
,
of
greater
vertue
than
them
both
,
that
could
be
apply'd
,
could
possibly
cure
.
The
assurances
he
had
receiv'd
from
Court
,
that
this
Calumny
had
made
no
impression
to
his
disadvantage
there
,
nor
the
hopes
he
had
thence
receiv'd
of
receiving
thereupon
a
full
,
and
honourable
satisfaction
,
could
never
so
appease
the
tempest
of
his
mind
,
that
the
discontents
he
had
deriv'd
from
this
accursed
cause
,
was
not
continually
working
upon
all
the
unpleasing
Objects
his
unquiet
thoughts
could
represent
to
his
imagination
.
He
was
grown
impatient
almost
of
all
kind
of
Company
,
the
divertisements
which
had
formerly
been
most
acceptable
to
him
were
become
nauseous
,
and
offensive
,
and
nothing
was
now
so
pleasing
to
him
as
solitude
,
which
till
this
time
he
had
ever
abhorr'd
.
An
alteration
that
he
himself
was
very
sensible
of
,
and
would
often
speak
of
it
to
those
with
whom
he
was
pleas'd
to
be
the
most
familiar
about
him
,
as
a
certain
presage
of
his
approaching
End
:
he
nevertheless
did
all
he
could
to
disappoint
his
ill
humour
,
which
he
had
no
way
to
do
but
by
play
sometimes
in
his
Chamber
,
seeing
he
found
himself
incapable
of
taking
any
pleasure
abroad
.
Thus
spinning
out
the
small
remainder
of
his
life
in
this
perpetual
trouble
of
mind
,
his
strength
was
every
day
observ'd
visibly
to
impair
:
not
long
before
he
had
been
seen
to
tire
out
young
,
and
vigorous
men
with
walking
(
for
it
must
needs
be
confess'd
that
never
man
perhaps
felt
the
infirmities
of
Age
so
late
as
he
)
whereas
now
,
and
on
a
sudden
he
appear'd
so
faint
,
and
overworn
,
that
he
could
scarce
take
two
turns
in
his
Chamber
without
reposing
himself
.
It
was
now
come
to
that
pass
,
that
he
must
repose
for
good
and
all
,
and
the
seventh
of
Ianuary
,
having
in
the
night
been
surpriz'd
with
a
grudging
of
a
Ague
,
he
past
it
over
with
great
unquietness
,
and
without
any
rest
at
all
.
The
next
day
notwithstanding
he
could
make
a
shift
to
rise
to
talk
with
some
of
his
principal
Servants
of
his
Affairs
,
and
to
make
some
Dispatches
,
as
in
the
times
of
his
better
health
:
but
he
found
withal
so
great
a
thirst
upon
him
,
as
he
could
neither
by
a
Broth
,
nor
two
great
Glasses
of
cold
water
,
his
familiar
,
and
best
Remedy
,
quench
,
and
overcome
.
He
went
nevertheless
to
Mass
in
a
Cabinet
adjoyning
to
his
own
Chamber
;
but
he
was
not
able
to
stay
it
out
:
insomuch
that
presently
after
the
Elevation
,
he
was
constrain'd
to
retire
,
and
to
betake
himself
to
his
Bed
.
And
it
was
for
the
last
time
,
his
Fever
immediately
seizing
him
with
so
great
violence
,
that
it
never
after
left
him
,
but
with
his
Life
.
Within
a
few
hours
after
he
had
been
laid
in
Bed
,
Fabert
,
whom
he
had
a
passionate
desire
to
see
,
and
had
a
long
time
expected
,
came
to
see
him
.
He
was
by
him
presented
with
a
great
many
Letters
from
several
of
his
Friends
:
But
the
Duke
without
opening
any
one
of
them
,
contented
himself
with
embracing
him
only
,
and
entreating
to
be
excus'd
,
that
he
was
not
in
a
condition
that
day
to
entertain
him
,
referr'd
it
till
the
next
morning
,
in
hopes
by
that
time
to
be
in
a
better
posture
of
Health
.
At
another
time
his
active
,
and
curious
Spirit
,
that
was
never
tir'd
out
with
business
,
would
not
have
referr'd
the
discoursing
with
a
Friend
he
so
dearly
lov'd
,
till
the
morrow
:
but
now
,
as
if
he
had
foreseen
what
a
small
share
remain'd
to
him
of
Worldly
things
,
he
had
not
so
much
as
the
Curiosity
to
inform
himself
of
any
.
His
Fever
,
which
the
first
day
was
judg'd
to
be
Quotidian
(
a
sort
of
Ague
he
us'd
frequently
to
have
,
and
which
also
did
not
a
little
contribute
to
the
better
support
of
his
Health
)
continued
from
the
first
,
to
the
second
,
and
from
the
second
,
to
the
third
Fit
,
with
so
excessive
violence
,
that
Motivier
his
Physician
,
a
man
very
excellent
in
his
profession
,
and
who
had
for
many
years
been
very
diligent
about
his
Person
,
judg'd
him
from
that
time
forwards
to
be
in
very
great
danger
,
as
well
by
reason
of
his
wonderful
great
Age
,
and
the
evil
dispositions
that
had
preceded
his
Disease
,
as
from
the
Disease
it self
.
He
was
therefore
of
opinion
that
a
Father
Capuchin
should
be
sent
for
,
to
the
end
he
might
in
due
time
prepare
him
for
Confession
;
the
Fathers
of
that
Order
having
a
particular
priviledge
to
administer
that
Sacrament
to
him
.
They
were
the
more
hasty
to
make
this
provision
for
his
Conscience
,
by
how
much
they
perceiv'd
him
sometimes
to
fall
into
Fits
of
Raving
,
which
gave
them
an
apprehension
,
that
his
distemper
encreasing
,
his
judgment
might
be
totally
taken
from
him
,
which
notwithstanding
did
not
so
fall
out
.
This
good
Father
being
come
to
the
Duke
,
under
pretence
of
a
meer
Visit
only
,
put
him
insensibly
upon
the
contempt
of
worldly
things
,
and
the
necessity
of
Death
,
and
came
at
last
by
degrees
to
touch
a
little
at
Confession
.
The
Duke
though
by
this
discourse
he
presently
guess'd
at
the
ill
opinion
they
had
of
him
,
and
that
they
began
to
despair
of
his
Life
,
yet
did
he
nevertheless
make
no
shew
of
astonishment
,
or
surprize
:
but
on
the
contrary
submitting
,
with
great
serenity
,
and
calmness
to
the
good
Pleasure
of
Almighty
God
,
The
D●ke's
good
dispo●●tions
to
dye
.
he
told
the
Holy
Father
,
That
he
had
highly
oblig'd
him
in
putting
him
in
mind
of
his
Conscience
:
That
he
was
Old
,
and
Sick
:
That
in
a
better
estate
of
Health
his
end
could
not
be
far
distant
from
him
;
and
that
being
by
the
Grace
of
God
a
Christian
,
he
intended
to
dye
after
a
Christian
manner
.
After
which
few
words
,
intreating
he
would
give
him
some
time
to
prepare
himself
for
this
Sacrament
,
he
caus'd
him
to
retire
into
another
Room
.
He
commanded
his
Servants
also
to
leave
him
alone
,
and
to
depart
out
of
his
Chamber
;
which
being
accordingly
done
,
after
he
had
two
hours
recollected
himself
,
he
caus'd
the
Father
to
be
again
call'd
in
,
who
could
never
enough
commend
the
Zeal
,
and
Repentance
he
observ'd
in
this
illustrious
Penitent
.
It
was
about
noon
that
he
made
his
Confession
,
and
about
four
of
the
Clock
the
same
day
,
he
desir'd
the
Holy
Eucharist
,
which
he
receiv'd
with
so
great
Piety
,
and
Reverence
,
as
was
not
a
little
edifying
to
all
the
Assistants
.
He
at
the
same
time
gave
charge
to
his
Almoner
to
acquaint
him
when
it
was
time
to
receive
the
Extreme
Unction
,
taking
order
for
all
these
last
Ceremonies
,
with
so
manly
an
indifferency
,
and
so
great
a
tranquillity
of
mind
,
as
if
he
had
rather
been
taking
care
for
some
other
in
a
dying
condition
,
than
busie
about
any
thing
that
immediately
concern'd
himself
.
He
was
never
heard
at
any
time
either
to
wish
for
Life
,
or
to
repine
at
Death
;
but
performing
without
trouble
and
disorder
what
was
to
be
done
,
so
well
to
receive
the
one
,
and
to
part
fairly
with
the
other
,
he
,
in
my
opinion
,
at
this
time
gave
the
greatest
proof
,
and
example
of
his
Courage
,
and
Constancy
,
that
he
had
ever
done
.
His
Disease
growing
every
day
more
violent
than
other
,
he
was
,
the
fourth
day
of
his
Sickness
,
observ'd
to
fall
into
more
and
more
extravagant
Ravings
,
than
at
any
time
before
,
to
which
his
Chest
also
began
to
be
so
obstructed
,
that
there
was
a
visible
difficulty
of
Breathing
:
All
which
dangerous
Accidents
,
and
mortal
Symptomes
,
in
an
Age
like
that
of
his
,
making
every
one
conclude
his
dissolution
to
be
very
near
,
they
talk'd
to
him
no
more
of
any
thing
,
but
God
;
a
Discourse
that
he
also
on
his
part
hearkened
to
,
with
great
willingness
,
and
a●●ention
.
He
had
at
all
times
had
a
Crucifix
fastned
to
his
Beds-feet
,
upon
which
he
now
perpetually
fixt
his
eyes
,
and
having
caus'd
his
Chaplet
to
be
put
about
his
Arm
,
because
he
wanted
strength
to
hold
it
in
his
hand
,
he
was
continually
lifting
it
to
his
mouth
to
kiss
it
.
The
fifth
day
of
his
Sickness
was
very
much
worse
,
than
those
that
had
gone
before
;
and
if
upon
his
other
days
he
had
had
some
intervals
of
repose
,
the
continuation
of
his
Disease
having
infected
all
that
remain'd
in
him
of
found
,
and
uncorrupt
;
he
was
totally
oppress'd
without
any
release
,
or
intermission
at
all
.
The
extremities
of
his
Disease
therefore
causing
it
to
be
judg'd
convenient
to
make
use
of
the
extremest
Remedies
both
for
Soul
and
Body
;
his
Physician
resolv'd
upon
a
Bleeding
,
and
the
Ecclesiasticks
upon
the
Extreme
Unction
,
of
which
the
last
nam'd
preceded
the
other
.
About
two
hours
after
midnight
,
the
Dutchess
de
la
Valette
,
the
Marquis
,
and
Marquise
de
la
Valette
her
Children
,
got
up
to
be
assisting
at
this
Holy
Ceremony
;
to
whom
the
Servants
also
being
come
in
,
he
in
the
presence
of
all
his
Family
,
with
exceeding
Meekness
,
and
profound
Reverence
receiv'd
that
Sacrament
.
So
soon
as
he
saw
the
Priest
enter
the
Chamber
,
he
rais'd
himself
up
in
his
Bed
,
and
having
pull'd
off
his
Cap
,
remain'd
uncovered
all
the
time
of
the
Administration
,
making
his
Responces
aloud
to
all
the
Prayers
of
the
Church
,
and
to
all
the
Psalms
,
especially
the
Miserere
,
which
he
repeated
by
heart
,
with
a
great
many
Penitent
Tears
.
This
Ceremony
being
over
,
they
left
him
some
time
to
his
repose
,
and
about
ten
in
the
morning
the
sixth
day
of
his
Sickness
,
and
also
that
of
his
Death
,
his
Physician
caus'd
him
to
be
let
Blood
.
He
found
himself
yet
capable
of
this
Remedy
,
and
moreover
found
by
it
some
kind
of
present
Relief
,
his
Chest
was
much
less
obstructed
,
and
his
Deliriums
had
far
longer
intervals
than
before
;
insomuch
that
he
began
to
have
a
better
opinion
of
himself
,
telling
us
(
as
it
was
very
true
)
that
two
years
before
a
Bleeding
had
sav'd
his
Life
,
and
that
he
found
himself
very
much
reliev'd
by
this
:
but
all
these
Hopes
were
no
other
than
feeble
Rayes
,
that
threatned
us
with
a
sudden
,
and
fatal
Eclipse
.
At
three
in
the
Afternoon
he
appear'd
so
infinitely
chang'd
,
that
it
was
judg'd
impossible
for
him
to
pass
over
that
day
;
neither
was
he
himself
insensible
of
it
:
and
certainly
it
was
an
extraordinary
mercy
he
receiv'd
in
this
Extremity
,
to
have
his
Judgment
more
perfect
,
and
entire
,
and
his
mind
better
compos'd
at
this
,
than
at
any
other
time
during
the
whole
course
of
his
Sickness
.
His
last
moments
he
employ'd
in
entertaining
Fabert
,
from
the
day
of
his
arrival
he
had
never
seen
him
;
but
having
now
on
a
sudden
remembred
he
was
in
the
house
,
he
caus'd
him
immediately
to
be
call'd
,
where
,
after
he
had
embrac'd
him
in
his
Arms
,
The
Duke's
last
req●est
to
the
King
concerning
his
Children
.
he
told
him
,
That
he
would
not
now
lose
time
in
giving
hi●
new
assurances
of
an
Affection
,
which
would
henceforward
be
useless
to
him
:
but
that
he
would
conjure
him
by
those
testimonies
he
had
sometime
receiv'd
,
that
he
would
preserve
his
to
his
declining
Family
:
That
he
did
entreat
him
to
assure
the
King
he
dy'd
his
Majesties
most
humble
,
and
most
faithful
Servant
,
and
in
his
Name
humbly
to
beseech
him
,
to
Honour
his
little
Children
,
whom
the
Disgrace
of
the
Duke
their
Father
expos'd
to
infinite
Injuries
,
with
his
gracious
Protection
:
That
they
had
the
Honour
to
appertain
to
his
Majesty
:
That
nothing
could
be
imputed
to
their
Innocency
,
and
that
he
hop'd
they
would
one
day
by
their
Services
manifest
their
Gratitude
for
his
Bounty
,
and
Favour
.
Though
to
render
the
King
more
favourable
to
this
Request
,
and
to
those
Relations
he
did
recommend
thereby
,
there
seem'd
to
be
a
kind
of
necessity
that
he
should
also
send
some
Complement
to
the
Cardinal
,
he
did
not
do
it
nevertheless
;
which
some
of
his
people
thinking
he
had
through
forgetfulness
omitted
,
they
made
bold
to
put
him
in
mind
;
to
whom
after
a
little
pause
,
he
return'd
no
other
answer
,
but
that
he
was
his
Servant
.
The
same
Complement
,
but
with
a
very
great
deal
of
difference
in
the
tender
manner
of
delivery
,
he
sent
to
the
Chancellour
Monsieur
Seguier
,
who
had
ever
manifested
for
him
a
constant
,
and
inviolate
Friendship
;
as
also
to
several
other
Persons
of
Quality
at
Court
.
The
severity
that
had
been
exercis'd
upon
his
Family
,
making
him
believe
that
their
Enemies
aim'd
at
no
less
,
than
their
total
Ruine
,
he
would
enjoyn
Fabert
of
all
his
Governments
,
and
Commands
to
ask
the
Castle
of
Loches
only
in
favour
of
the
Marquis
de
la
Valette
his
Grandchild
,
and
that
only
,
because
seeing
himself
upon
the
point
to
expire
,
he
could
have
wish'd
,
that
his
Body
after
his
Death
,
might
have
been
in
the
power
of
no
other
,
than
those
of
his
own
Blood
.
A
request
so
modest
,
and
so
inconsiderable
in
it self
,
that
he
doubted
not
,
but
it
would
be
easily
granted
,
and
that
he
might
have
retriv'd
this
little
piece
from
the
wrack
of
his
great
Fortune
:
but
he
was
deceiv'd
,
and
the
ill
nature
of
his
Enemies
was
such
,
that
even
that
was
also
deny'd
him
.
After
he
had
dismiss'd
Fabert
,
he
caus'd
the
Dutchess
de
la
Valette
his
Daughter-in-Law
,
the
Marquis
de
la
Valette
,
and
the
Marquise
his
Sister
to
come
to
his
Bed-side
,
to
whom
after
he
had
in
general
deliver'd
himself
in
several
expressions
of
great
Passion
,
and
tenderness
,
and
exhorted
them
to
Unity
,
and
Mutual
Affection
;
directing
his
Speech
to
the
Marquis
,
He
in
the
first
place
recommended
to
him
the
Service
of
God
,
and
next
that
of
the
King
,
without
ever
alienating
himself
from
it
upon
any
colour
,
or
pretence
whatever
:
to
honour
his
Father
,
and
in
what
estate
soever
to
pay
him
all
the
Duty
,
and
Service
of
a
good
,
and
Obedient
Son
;
and
never
to
remember
the
Injuries
had
been
done
him
;
of
which
he
charg'd
him
in
express
terms
to
retain
no
kind
of
resentment
;
assuring
them
all
,
that
living
in
that
Unity
,
and
good
Intelligence
with
one
another
,
he
had
recommended
to
them
,
God
Almighty
would
bless
them
,
as
he
bless'd
them
with
all
his
heart
.
After
which
,
proceeding
to
some
consolatory
Admonitions
,
wherewithal
to
moderate
their
Grief
,
he
with
great
difficulty
lifted
up
his
hand
to
give
them
his
last
Benediction
.
This
Action
thus
pass'd
,
he
turn'd
himself
to
the
other
side
of
the
Bed
,
either
to
repose
himself
after
this
last
effort
of
his
Spirits
,
and
Voice
;
or
to
conceal
his
Tears
,
which
although
by
tenderness
,
and
good
Nature
,
rather
than
want
of
Courage
,
extracted
from
him
;
yet
would
he
not
be
reproach'd
with
such
a
weakness
,
still
retaining
so
much
vigour
,
as
to
maintain
decency
,
and
the
constancy
he
had
ever
manifested
in
all
his
Actions
,
even
in
death
it self
.
He
was
heard
indeed
to
fetch
some
profound
sighs
,
and
often
to
repeat
the
name
of
his
Son
de
la
Valette
,
who
of
all
his
Children
had
ever
been
dearest
to
him
:
but
that
also
was
all
he
yielded
to
the
impulse
of
nature
,
in
this
final
Separation
.
Having
thus
paid
some
Sighs
to
his
Grief
,
several
good
,
and
Learned
Divines
,
who
were
assisting
about
him
,
again
put
him
upon
the
Discourse
of
Piety
,
and
the
forgiveness
of
his
Enemies
;
to
whom
he
still
constantly
reply'd
,
that
he
freely
forgave
them
all
,
naming
withal
those
from
whom
he
had
receiv'd
the
greatest
and
most
irreparable
wrongs
:
when
some
of
them
,
more
zealous
than
the
rest
,
seeing
him
in
so
good
a
disposition
,
ask'd
him
if
he
did
not
also
forgive
his
Servants
,
who
had
any
way
displeas'd
him
?
To
whom
he
again
reply'd
,
that
yes
,
and
withal
his
heart
:
but
there
being
one
of
them
,
who
a
few
days
before
he
had
fall'n
upon
with
very
severe
,
and
passionate
Language
,
the
same
person
who
had
engag'd
in
the
former
Interrogatories
,
proceeding
(
indiscreetly
enough
)
to
ask
him
,
if
he
did
not
also
ask
pardon
of
those
he
might
have
himself
offended
?
His
courage
,
not
totally
abated
in
this
last
extremity
,
being
a
little
inflam'd
at
the
proposal
of
this
reciprocal
submission
,
he
made
answer
,
that
it
was
sufficient
,
he
had
pardon'd
those
of
his
people
who
had
offended
him
,
and
that
he
had
never
heard
,
that
to
dye
well
a
Master
was
oblig'd
to
make
[
](A42794-e107410-b)*
*
Amende
honorable
signifies
something
more
,
but
what
cannot
be
inte●ded
by
the
Author
in
this
place
.
Honourable
Satisfaction
to
his
own
Domesticks
.
Those
who
were
nearest
to
him
perceiv'd
him
to
be
a
little
transported
at
that
word
:
but
it
was
very
easie
to
pacifie
,
and
compose
him
;
and
after
that
nothing
was
heard
from
him
but
ardent
Prayers
to
God
:
neither
was
he
observ'd
to
do
any
thing
more
,
than
to
turn
his
eyes
towards
the
Crucifix
,
and
to
kiss
his
Beads
.
In
this
condition
he
lay
,
when
his
strength
visibly
impairing
,
but
his
mind
remaining
in
a
great
tranquillity
,
and
calm
,
they
perceiv'd
him
by
little
and
little
to
decline
,
and
faint
away
,
sensibly
observing
Death
to
disperse
it self
over
all
his
Limbs
.
His
Death
.
His
Legs
first
grew
stiffe
,
and
cold
;
which
cold
in
a
few
hours
seiz'd
of
his
other
parts
,
till
it
came
at
last
to
his
Heart
.
Thus
the
thirteenth
day
of
Ianuary
,
and
the
sixth
of
his
Disease
,
he
dy'd
environ'd
by
three
of
his
Children
,
several
Divines
,
and
all
his
Domestick
Servants
;
the
last
whereof
having
with
unparallel'd
Care
,
and
Diligence
attended
him
all
the
time
of
his
Sickness
,
continued
still
the
same
Services
,
and
Respect
,
till
they
brought
him
to
his
Grave
.
He
was
entred
into
the
fourscore
,
and
eighth
year
of
his
Age
,
by
which
long
series
of
time
he
had
had
the
advantage
of
seeing
himself
the
most
Ancient
Duke
,
and
Peer
of
France
,
the
most
Ancient
Officer
of
the
Crown
,
the
most
Ancient
General
of
an
Army
,
the
most
Ancient
Governour
of
a
Province
,
the
most
Ancient
Knight
of
the
Order
,
the
most
Ancient
Counsellor
of
State
,
and
the
Oldest
Man
of
Condition
almost
of
his
Time
.
The
End
of
the
Twelfth
and
Last
Book
of
the
Life
of
the
Duke
of
Espernon
.
FINIS
.
Some
Books
Printed
for
Henry
Brome
,
at
the
Gun
,
at
the
West
End
of
St.
Pauls
.
Mr.
Simpson's
Division
Viol
,
in
three
Parts
,
in
Folio
.
His
Compendium
of
Musick
,
in
five
Parts
,
Octavo
.
Bishop
Saundersons
Five
Cases
of
Conscience
,
Octavo
.
Sir
Kenelme
Digby's
Receipts
in
Physick
and
Chyrurgery
:
Also
his
Cabinet
opened
for
making
Metheglin
,
Sydar
,
Cherry-Wine
,
with
Directions
for
Cookery
,
Preserving
,
Conserving
,
and
Candying
,
Octavo
.
The
Complete
Body
of
the
Art
Military
both
for
Horse
and
Foot
,
with
the
Art
of
Gunnery
:
By
Richard
Elton
,
L.
C.
and
Thomas
Rudd
,
Chief
Engineer
to
King
Charles
the
First
,
Folio
.
Scarronnides
,
or
Virgil
Travestié
,
a
Mock
Poem
,
Octavo
.
Mr.
A.
Bromes
Poems
,
and
Songs
,
Octavo
.
Dr.
Browns
Vulgar
Errors
,
and
Urne
Burial
,
Quarto
.