THE
SECOND
BOOK
inscribed
EUTERPE
.
Of
the
Muses
,
the
Sybils
,
the
Vestals
,
the
Prophetesses
,
the
Hesperides
,
the
Graces
,
&c.
THE
bodies
of
all
reasonable
creatures
(
as
Ficinus
saith
)
are
naturally
pregnant
,
as
having
in
them
the
seeds
of
issue
,
so
likewise
is
the
mind
;
both
,
still
procreating
and
bringing
forth
;
as
we
see
at
such
a
time
the
heire
appeares
;
after
,
the
teeth
break
forth
of
the
gums
;
at
such
an
age
,
the
beard
growes
upon
the
chin
,
and
in
time
alters
and
changes
colour●
;
and
still
the
naturall
faculties
are
in
action
.
If
then
the
body
be
so
fertile
,
how
much
more
is
the
nobler
part
of
man
,
the
Soule
and
the
Mind
,
plentifully
furnisht
with
these
seeds
,
that
long
for
production
?
as
the
instinct
of
manners
,
of
arts
,
of
disciplines
,
and
such
like
,
which
are
generated
in
the
breast
,
and
in
their
fit
and
due
time
have
their
seasonable
birth
.
For
no
sooner
are
we
past
the
cradle
▪
but
we
begin
to
affect
few
things
good
,
honest
,
or
profitable
:
but
none
at
that
age
acquires
after
things
unknown
.
It
is
therefore
a
consequent
,
that
there
is
born
with
us
and
bred
in
us
,
certain
notions
of
those
outward
things
,
the
forms
of
which
we
apprehend
,
and
their
practice
study
to
imitate
.
This
every
man
,
if
he
will
but
observe
,
may
by
experience
find
in
himselfe
.
For
if
we
collect
our selves
to
apprehend
any
problem
or
mysticall
doubt
,
which
is
not
within
the
compasse
of
our
present
capacity
;
after
deep
consideration
,
and
mature
deliberation
,
all
the
bars
and
rubs
of
our
fantasie
and
sences
being
removed
,
we
retire
our selves
into
a
more
private
and
inward
contemplation
,
and
then
most
subtilly
reasoning
with
our selves
,
we
shall
by
degrees
perceive
the
cloud
to
vanish
,
and
the
truth
appeare
in
full
glory
and
splendour
.
Therefore
when
we
present
our selves
unto
school
Masters
,
the
brain
fashioneth
in
it selfe
many
Ideas
without
rule
or
example
,
which
like
a
●●nk
and
well
manur'd
field
,
hath
in
it
the
seeds
and
grounds
of
many
fruitfull
sciences
;
these
if
a
skilfull
man
take
in
hand
bring
oft-times
a
crop
above
expectation
.
Thus
much
Plato
exprest
in
many
places
,
but
in
his
Theage
most
plainly
,
No
man
(
saith
he
)
hath
of
me
learnt
any
thing
,
though
from
me
,
many
a
one
hath
gone
the
more
learned
.
And
as
▪
Socrates
saith
,
Me
tum
exhortante
tum
bono
daemone
suggerente
,
By
my
exhortations
,
and
the
good
Angels
sugg●stion
.
With
this
short
preparation
,
we
come
now
to
the
Muses
,
of
these
innate
seeds
,
the
glorious
and
ever-during
fruit
.
Hesiod
pronounces
them
to
be
the
daughters
of
Iupiter
and
Memory
,
Heaven
.
Pindarus
in
one
of
his
Hymns
thus
speaks
to
one
of
them
,
Incipe
vero
Coeli
filia
.
Aristarcus
and
Minnerca
(
if
we
may
beleeve
●ustathius
)
determine
,
that
the
Muses
were
before
jupiter
,
interpreting
the
word
Musa
the
knowledge
of
the
soule
,
which
is
a
thing
no
lesse
divine
then
the
soule
it selfe
.
To
him
Homer
assents
,
calling
it
The
celerity
of
knowledge
Plato
in
Cratilo
derives
it
from
diligent
search
and
inquisition
,
to
whom
Pharnutus
in
his
book
entituled
,
Of
the
nature
of
the
gods
,
subscribes
.
Of
the
same
opinion
is
Suidas
,
They
are
(
therefore
saith
he
)
derived
from
Inquiry
,
being
the
originals
and
causes
of
all
sciences
and
disciplines
:
others
,
as
Cassiodorus
,
because
they
contein
in
them
a
conveniencie
and
concordance
of
arts
:
or
(
to
conclude
)
as
D●oorus
writes
,
They
were
therefore
called
Musae
,
because
they
comprehend
the
Art
of
modulation
or
tuning
,
with
a
consent
or
agreeing
of
all
other
disciplines
.
Divers
authors
much
differ
about
their
number
,
Varro
,
as
Servius
witnesseth
of
him
,
allowes
only
three
,
Ina
,
which
is
bred
by
the
motion
of
the
water
;
a
second
,
begot
by
the
sprinkling
of
aire
;
a
third
,
meerly
arising
from
the
sound
of
the
voice
.
Augustine
speaks
of
a
City
,
which
Gyraldus
names
Sicyon
,
the
primates
of
which
,
of
three
severall
famous
workmen
,
bespake
three
effigies
or
images
of
the
Muses
,
to
bestow
as
a
gift
upon
the
Temple
of
Apollo
;
and
which
of
them
could
expresse
the
greatest
art
and
most
exquisite
workmanship
,
he
to
be
the
best
paid
for
his
pains
.
It
so
hapned
,
that
their
three
labours
were
equally
beautifull
,
and
so
esteemed
,
insomuch
,
that
all
the
nine
pieces
pleasing
generally
,
they
were
all
bought
and
dedicated
to
the
Temple
.
To
every
of
which
,
the
Poet
H●siod
after
gave
a
severall
Emblem
or
Motto
:
Not
(
saith
he
)
because
jupiter
had
begot
nine
Muses
,
but
that
three
Artificers
had
forged
three
a
piece
;
and
therefore
the
number
of
three
,
because
it
is
easie
to
observe
,
that
every
sound
which
begets
any
materiall
thing
concerning
musick
,
is
tripartite
by
nature
:
either
it
proceeds
from
the
voice
simply
,
as
to
those
that
sing
without
an
instrument
;
or
with
the
breath
,
as
the
Trumpet
,
Cornet
,
or
Sackbut
;
or
by
the
strokes
,
as
the
Lute
,
Harp
,
or
Gittern
.
The
names
of
these
Statue-makers
,
Augustine
saith
,
were
Cephisodotus
,
Strongilio
,
and
Olimpiosthenes
.
Pausanias
relates
,
that
in
times
of
old
,
there
were
acknowledged
no
more
then
three
,
(
by
Oto
and
Ephialtes
the
sons
of
Aloeus
)
call'd
Meditation
,
Memory
,
and
song
or
Musick
.
Archestratus
the
Poet
,
affirms
as
much
;
as
also
,
that
these
two
were
the
first
that
offered
divine
sacrifice
to
the
Muses
,
and
imposed
these
names
upon
them
in
Helicon
.
Some
authors
will
approve
but
two
;
others
will
make
them
up
foure
,
for
the
excellency
of
the
number
,
which
the
Pythagorists
held
to
be
so
sacred
,
that
by
that
(
as
Plutarch
replies
)
they
used
to
swear
,
Per
quaternionem
sacrum
,
qui
animae
nostrae
tradit
naturam
aeternam
,
&c.
By
the
holy
number
of
foure
,
which
lends
to
the
soule
an
eternall
nature
,
&c.
Some
have
raised
them
to
five
;
others
to
seven
;
Pierius
Macedo
,
he
increased
their
number
to
nine
.
Some
are
of
opinion
,
that
the
names
of
the
nine
daughters
of
Pierius
were
imposed
upon
the
Muses
:
these
are
characterd
'
by
Hesiod
in
his
Theogonia
.
Lucan
in
his
third
Dialogue
of
the
supernall
gods
,
cals
the
M●ses
virgins
,
and
such
as
are
contented
with
their
n●●ive
colour
and
beauty
,
he
likewise
terms
them
invulnerable
,
as
not
to
be
touche
or
wounded
with
the
wanton
dares
of
Cupid
.
They
were
crowned
dive●●
waies
by
divers
nations
:
some
bestow
C●roners
of
the
palm-tree
upon
〈◊〉
,
some
lawrell
,
others
chaplets
of
roses
:
to
which
Sath●
seems
to
alludemost
,
elegantly
taunting
an
unlearned
woman
,
—
Mortua
Jacebis
Nec
enim
hortulum
habes
rosarum
ex
Pieria
,
—
Thou
shalt
lie
dead
Without
Pierian
roses
'bout
thy
head
.
Cornutus
in
a
book
entituled
De
natura
D●orum
,
saith
,
that
there
were
first
only
three
,
according
to
that
number
which
is
attributed
to
the
deity
,
●s
the
most
simple
and
perfect
of
all
others
.
Those
that
made
foure
,
as
C●cero
,
or
five
,
had
reference
to
the
ancient
instruments
of
musick
then
in
use
,
and
which
yielded
no
more
severall
sounds
.
Those
that
approved
seven
,
to
the
seven
liberall
arts
,
alluded
the
seven
Muses
.
But
there
are
nine
received
and
allowed
amongst
us
,
and
that
for
divers
reasons
;
as
first
,
because
the
number
of
nine
is
held
to
be
vertuall
and
perfect
;
being
an
even
four
,
arising
from
a
first
odd
;
and
then
odly
to
an
odde
:
it
is
likewise
divided
and
distinguished
into
three
equall
od●
,
then
it
consists
of
Triangulars
,
&c.
Besides
Mnemosyne
,
who
is
said
to
be
the
mother
of
the
Muses
,
her
name
consists
of
nine
letters
.
Fulg●ntius
saith
,
that
the
nine
Muses
,
with
their
brother
Apollo
,
import
nothing
else
then
the
ten
modulations
of
mans
voice
,
therefore
is
Apollo's
harp
represented
with
ten
strings
:
so
in
the
Scripture
we
read
of
the
Dechacord
or
Psaltery
:
others
morallize
it
to
be
the
foure
former
teeth
,
against
which
the
tongue
striketh
:
the
two
lips
,
which
are
the
Cymbals
or
Instruments
to
fashion
the
words
:
the
tongue
,
and
the
string
of
the
tongue
:
the
Palate
,
whose
concavity
begets
a
sound
:
the
wind
pipe
which
is
the
passage
of
the
breath
;
and
the
lungs
which
like
a
paire
of
bellowes
,
gives
or
takes
back
the
air
or
spirit
.
Virgil
of
the
Muses
writes
thus
;
Clio
g●sta
canens
transactis
tempora
reddit
,
Melpomene
tragico
proclamat
maesta
boatu
.
Comica
lascivo
gaudet
sermone
Tualia
,
Dulciioqui
cala●os
Eu●erpe
flatibus
u●get
.
Terpsichore
affectus
Cytharis
movet
,
imperat
,
auget
,
Plectra
gerens
Erato
salt
at
pede
,
carmine
,
vultu
.
Carmina
Calliope
libris
heroica
mandat
.
Urania
poli
motus
serutatur
&
Astra
:
Signat
cuncta
manu
loqui●urque
Polymnia
gestu
Mentis
Apolliniae
vis
has
movet
undique
Musas
,
In
medio
residens
complectitur
omnia
Phoebus
.
Clio's
past
acts
to
after
ages
sings
,
Melpomene
,
with
tragick
buskin
,
she
In
bellowing
breath
proclaims
disastrous
things
.
Comick
Thali●
affects
wantonly
To
speake
and
w●ite
.
The
eloquent
mans
quill
Euterpe
undertaketh
to
inspire
With
her
learn'd
breath
▪
Terpsichore
is
still
Busied
about
the
musick
of
the
Lyre
,
Th'
affections
to
command
,
to
move
and
sway
.
But
Erato
a
Rebec●
hears
,
and
knowes
To
tread
to
it
:
of
〈◊〉
she
can
the
way
,
And
how
to
frame
the
gesture
.
Number
flowes
,
In
strains
heroick
,
from
Calliop's
p●n
;
Which
she
to
book●
commits
.
The
stars
and
sphears
,
U●ania
searcheth
,
and
〈◊〉
men
In
their
true
motion
.
Polybymnia
steeres
Action
and
language
,
by
her
hand
directed
,
Which
by
her
help
,
an
Orator
much
graceth
.
By
Phoe●us
thus
the
Muses
live
protected
,
He
in
the
midst
,
the
Nine
about
him
placeth
.
It
may
now
lastly
be
demanded
by
those
that
are
studious
of
antiquitie
,
Why
the
Vertues
,
the
Disciplines
,
the
Muses
,
the
Devisers
and
Patrons
of
all
good
arts
,
with
divers
of
the
like
nature
,
should
rather
be
comprehended
under
the
feminine
sex
,
by
the
names
of
Virgins
and
women
,
as
also
their
pictures
drawn
to
the
portraitures
of
d●mosels
,
then
either
by
masculine
nomination
,
or
according
to
the
●●ffigies
of
men
;
the
rather
since
not
only
the
Ethnicks
and
Morall
men
,
but
even
Christians
and
Theologists
themselves
,
in
all
their
books
and
writings
which
they
〈◊〉
to
posterity
still
continue
them
under
the
same
gender
?
for
who
is
ignorant
that
Sophia
,
which
signifies
Wisedome
,
was
not
from
the
beginning
,
and
〈…〉
who
is
said
to
be
the
mother
of
the
th●ee
The
〈…〉
,
Hope
,
and
Charity
,
and
these
represented
as
women
?
why
should
the
seven
liberall
Arts
,
be
exprest
in
Womens
shapes
?
why
the
Nine
Muses
be
the
daughters
of
Jupiter
,
as
all
writers
agree
?
why
is
Wisdome
called
the
Daughter
of
the
Highest
,
and
not
rather
the
Son
,
as
wituesseth
the
book
of
Wisedome
?
why
Pallas
,
otherwise
called
Minerva
,
not
the
Sonne
,
but
the
Daughter
of
Jove
(
of
whose
braine
she
was
born
?
)
and
why
the
most
cu●ious
and
diligent
inquisiters
into
these
curiosities
figure
the
liberall
Arts
and
Disciplines
like
women
,
and
not
rather
like
men
?
or
by
what
reason
the
Muses
should
be
personated
rather
like
Damosels
then
young
men
,
strenuous
and
excelling
in
masculine
Vertue
?
To
all
these
objections
,
it
is
briefly
answered
by
Lilius
Gregorius
,
as
likewise
by
Cor●tus
,
whom
some
call
Pharnutus
;
That
by
the
symbole
or
semblance
of
such
women
,
much
science
is
begot
,
and
besides
much
fruit
ariseth
from
the
judgement
of
the
soul
:
besides
,
it
was
a
custome
for
Virgins
of
old
to
play
and
dance
in
companies
,
which
excellently
fitted
the
coupling
and
sisterhood
of
the
sciences
:
these
coherences
are
called
by
Martianus
Capella
,
Ciclicae
;
from
whence
Vitruvius
grounded
his
Euciclium
:
besides
,
the
Greeks
Euciclopaedia
is
frequent
with
Pliny
,
Plutarch
,
and
the
rest
;
likewise
in
Beroaldus
commentaries
upon
the
golden
Asse
,
he
adds
this
one
thing
worthy
observation
,
to
the
great
honour
of
the
feminine
sex
;
the
four
parts
of
the
world
have
their
denominations
from
women
.
Asia
was
so
called
of
the
Nymph
Asia
,
from
whom
and
Japethus
,
Prometheus
descended
;
Europe
,
of
Europa
the
daughter
of
Aegenor
;
Lybia
,
which
is
Africa
,
of
Lybia
the
daughter
of
Epaphus
;
in
like
manner
,
America
(
since
discovered
)
beareth
the
like
female
figure
;
which
(
as
Beroaldus
saith
)
if
the
women
of
our
age
did
fully
apprehend
,
and
truly
understand
,
how
insolently
would
they
boast
of
their
worth
and
dignity
?
how
would
they
glory
in
vain
boasts
and
ostentations
,
with
what
continuall
chidings
would
they
upbraid
their
husbands
,
still
casting
in
their
dishes
their
own
vertues
and
goodnesse
;
still
commemorating
and
urging
,
that
women
bear
the
names
of
all
the
foure
parts
of
the
divided
world
;
that
wisedome
and
the
Theologicall
Vertues
,
are
personated
under
the
sex
or
women
;
that
the
Arts
,
the
Disciplines
,
the
Muses
,
the
Graces
,
and
almost
whatsoever
is
good
,
are
deciphered
both
by
the
names
,
and
in
the
persons
of
women
:
therefore
(
I
fear
)
this
had
been
better
kept
as
secret
as
mysteries
in
Sanctuaries
,
and
not
to
have
been
published
to
them
in
their
own
mothers
tongue
,
in
which
they
are
so
nimble
and
voluble
;
lest
calling
a
Councill
about
this
argument
,
it
may
add
to
their
insolencies
,
who
have
too
great
an
opinion
of
their
own
worths
already
.
I
will
only
speak
briefly
from
what
places
they
took
their
generall
denominations
,
and
so
proceed
to
every
particular
person
:
They
are
called
Pierides
,
of
the
mountain
Pieris
,
or
as
some
will
have
it
of
Pierius
,
who
had
nine
daughters
:
Likewise
Camoenae
à
Canendo
,
of
singing
;
Heleconiades
of
the
fountaine
called
Helicon
,
that
flowed
from
a
mountaine
in
Boeotia
;
Pernassides
,
of
the
hill
Pernassus
,
scituate
in
the
Region
of
Phocis
;
Aonides
,
of
the
Aonia●
mountain
;
Pegasides
,
from
a
spring
or
well
so
called
,
first
discovered
by
the
hoof
of
Pegasus
,
the
horse
of
Perseus
;
Cithereides
,
of
Citheron
,
a
hill
neer
to
Thebes
;
Libethrides
,
from
a
mountaine
in
Magnesia
,
Pimplaeades
,
from
a
place
in
Macedonia
;
Ilissiades
,
from
a
flood
by
Athens
;
Thespiades
,
from
the
Thespians
;
Ligyae
,
of
a
people
of
Larissina
,
who
aided
Xerxes
against
the
Greeks
;
Castalides
,
of
the
fountain
so
called
;
Corycides
,
of
a
hill
,
or
rather
a
cave
amongst
the
Delphians
;
Pateides
,
of
a
well
in
Macedonia
;
Olympiades
,
of
the
mountaine
Olympus
;
Ardalides
,
of
Ardalus
the
sonne
of
Vulcan
:
of
these
you
may
further
read
in
Varro
,
Herodotus
,
Terentianus
,
Plutarchus
,
Pompeius
,
Pausanias
,
Solinus
,
Servius
,
Macrobius
,
Sidonius
,
Placiades
,
Lilius
,
Gregorius
,
Picus
Mirandula
,
and
others
.
Clio.
HEsiodus
in
his
Theogonia
saith
,
that
Clio
is
the
daughter
of
Jupiter
and
Memoria
,
and
is
the
eldest
of
those
Muses
,
which
he
was
nine
nights
a
getting
;
she
is
called
Clio
,
apo
tou
kleno
,
which
is
Laudo
,
to
praise
;
or
of
apo
tou
eleous
,
for
glory
which
learned
men
acquire
;
or
that
glory
which
is
conferred
on
eminent
and
great
men
,
by
the
encomiasticks
of
the
Poets
,
so
saith
Diodorus
:
but
Placidus
derives
the
etymologie
of
her
name
,
from
the
cogitation
and
investigation
of
Arts
and
Sciences
.
Some
say
,
that
she
hath
the
preeminence
and
government
over
histories
,
as
Apollonius
in
his
Commentaries
relates
(
and
therefore
at
this
time
I
am
to
invocate
her
aid
and
assistance
in
the
prosecution
and
perfecting
of
this
work
in
hand
.
)
She
is
moreover
,
taken
for
the
mother
of
[
*
](A43596-e34740-b)
*
Or
Jalemus
.
Hy●●●mus
and
Hymenaeus
,
the
god
of
marriage
;
who
are
therefore
called
the
sons
of
Clio
because
of
their
knowledge
in
History
,
for
so
Johannes
,
Grammati●us
is
of
opinion
:
the
first
,
the
Author
of
sad
and
mourning
M●d●i●als
:
the
other
of
pleasant
and
joifull
Epithalamions
and
nuptiall
●ongs
,
the
first
in
melancholy
Elegracks
;
The
last
in
〈◊〉
lambicks
.
A●ollodorus
in
his
first
book
of
the
Originall
of
the
gods
,
saith
,
that
Cl●o
was
besotted
with
the
love
〈…〉
the
son
of
Magn●●is
:
(
by
the
incensed
wrath
o●
Venus
,
because
she
reproved
her
for
too
much
do●age
on
〈◊〉
and
that
by
〈◊〉
,
she
had
the
boy
Hyacinthus
:
But
that
it
is
she
by
whom
all
men
are
accited
and
〈◊〉
on
to
the
purchase
of
honour
and
glory
,
whence
else
came
that
magnanimous
and
b●ld
enterprise
of
Hercu●es
in
that
great
〈…〉
against
the
sons
of
Ixion
?
to
call
to
combat
all
the
obu●tious
pyrots
at
sea
,
and
robbers
and
spoile●s
on
earth
?
Tyrants
and
evill
doers
to
tame
?
and
horrid
and
dreadfull
labours
to
overcome
?
the
invulnerable
Lyon
of
Cyth●●on
to
tear
in
pieces
?
The
many
headed
monster
Hydra
to
suff●cate
and
strangle
?
the
E●emanthian
Boare
to
slaughter
,
and
the
golden
horned
Hart
to
overcome
?
The
ravenous
Stymphalides
to
repell
?
and
all
the
monsters
and
terrours
of
the
earth
in
single
monomachy
to
overcome
?
but
to
attaine
to
the
Apex
and
height
of
fame
and
glory
.
What
moved
The●eus
(
the
second
Hercules
)
to
remove
the
〈◊〉
,
and
pluck
thence
and
beare
away
the
inchanted
〈…〉
to
kill
?
the
tedious
way
to
〈◊〉
to
traveli
?
the
streights
and
passages
in
his
journey
to
〈…〉
with
his
own
proper
〈…〉
Sinis
,
the
son
of
〈◊〉
,
to
oppresse
?
and
many
other
enterprises
of
no
〈…〉
to
acquire
and
accomplish
?
What
incouraged
the
〈◊〉
and
Generals
of
the
G●aecian
and
R●man
Empire
to
such
noble
●chievements
,
save
only
the
spur
of
●lory
to
〈…〉
their
names
to
all
perpetuity
?
So
did
〈◊〉
Poetry
〈◊〉
Homer
;
his
eloquence
,
Demosthenes
,
and
his
integrity
〈◊〉
.
In
like
manner
,
others
by
other
means
have
celebrated
their
names
to
posterity
,
to
whom
this
Encomium
may
be
justly
given
,
Such
as
have
〈…〉
and
〈◊〉
they
tread
the
illustrious
path
;
〈…〉
doth
nobilitate
his
own
name
.
Such
〈…〉
,
it
behoves
them
auspi●●●
〈…〉
act
either
of
consequence
or
danger
.
For
so
saith
P●●darus
in
his
sixth
Hymn
Olymp.
In
the
beginning
of
an
enterprize
,
a
couragious
and
an
undaunted
countenance
〈◊〉
housefull
.
For
Vertue
.
are
senslesse
of
dangers
.
And
H●siod
saith
,
V●rttutem
posuere
dii
sudore
parandum
.
The
gods
have
placed
Vertue
,
not
to
be
arrived
to
without
sweat
and
travell
.
But
it
is
next
to
be
enquired
what
the
ancient
Poets
chiefly
intimated
in
this
Nymph
Clio
:
She
is
called
the
daughter
of
Jupiter
,
and
signifies
glory
.
If
it
be
lawfull
therefore
to
acquire
glory
,
and
to
leave
the
memory
of
your
noble
actions
to
posterity
,
far
be
it
we
should
seek
the
daughter
but
from
the
father
,
or
court
her
without
his
consent
;
who
from
the
memory
and
contemplation
of
a
deed
well
done
,
derives
to
us
a
fame
,
in
no
age
not
to
be
celebrated
.
She
is
called
Prima
cogitatio
,
i.
The
first
thought
of
seeking
knowledge
;
and
because
no
mans
meditations
are
about
that
by
which
he
hath
not
a
purpose
to
inlarge
the
dignity
of
his
own
name
,
therefore
she
is
called
the
first
of
the
Muses
.
Plutarch
in
his
Symposaicon
,
divides
the
nine
Muses
into
two
halfes
;
the
one
to
govern
and
have
dominion
over
pastimes
and
pleasures
,
lest
any
man
should
foolishly
and
unadvisedly
fall
upon
actions
dishonest
or
uncomely
,
stirring
them
up
with
songs
,
dances
,
and
sweet
sounding
instruments
,
to
vertuous
exercises
;
and
reteining
and
keeping
him
back
from
lusts
,
both
unlawfull
and
pernitious
:
the
other
division
incourages
us
,
to
actions
difficult
,
to
affairs
serious
and
of
import
;
and
these
are
Clio
,
Calliope
,
and
Thalia
:
for
all
things
ought
to
be
done
in
Symmetria
and
due
proportion
of
mediocrity
,
that
in
our
sports
we
slide
not
into
lusts
,
and
in
things
serious
,
wee
stumble
not
at
the
morosity
and
peevishnesse
of
age
.
She
had
two
sons
,
Ialmus
and
Hymenaeus
,
men
of
two
sundry
lots
and
conditions
;
the
one
in
no
place
,
but
where
there
was
ejulation
and
mourning
;
the
other
where
there
was
ever
sport
,
mirth
,
banque●s
,
and
nuptiall
joies
.
And
as
Athenaeus
observes
from
Aristophanes
,
In
Luctu
Ialmus
,
in
nuptiis
Hymenaeus
.
Nothing
else
is
apprehended
by
these
two
brothers
of
such
contrary
dispositions
,
but
that
all
such
as
seek
after
glory
and
the
immortality
of
their
names
,
are
sometimes
with
crosse
and
sinister
accidents
oppressed
,
and
sometimes
with
faire
and
prosperous
successes
incouraged
and
puffed
up
;
singing
sometimes
the
joyfull
songs
of
Hymenaeus
,
and
forc'd
〈◊〉
other
times
to
be
subject
to
the
sad
and
melancholy
howlings
of
Ialmus
.
And
so
much
of
Clio.
Euterpe
.
EVery
man
hath
his
pleasures
and
delights
,
as
well
wise
men
as
fools
:
there
is
no
man
of
so
severe
gravity
,
or
austere
a
condition
(
no
not
Timon
himselfe
)
whose
nature
is
not
mollified
,
and
made
more
tractable
with
the
delight
of
some
one
thing
or
other
.
One
is
much
pleased
with
horses
of
good
stomack
,
another
with
dogs
of
excellent
scent
or
swiftnesse
,
some
with
wealth
,
others
with
honour
,
and
so
of
the
rest
;
and
thus
we
passe
through
the
pilgrimage
of
a
life
full
of
infelicities
and
calamities
,
with
the
greater
content
and
case
by
pondering
some
such
things
in
our
minds
,
in
which
we
take
the
greatest
pleasure
and
comfort
.
Neither
are
the
wise
men
without
this
alacrity
,
being
sometimes
extasi'd
in
the
contemplation
of
things
sublime
and
high
.
Plato
in
Philebis
(
saith
he
)
As
the
intemperate
man
takes
pleasure
,
so
doth
the
temperate
man
in
his
temperance
;
As
the
fool
is
delighted
in
his
foolish
opinions
and
vaine
hopes
,
so
is
the
wise
man
in
his
wisedome
and
constant
purposes
;
but
that
their
contents
are
different
,
and
of
contrary
qualities
,
no
man
makes
question
.
The
wise
man
therefore
,
and
the
unwise
,
have
both
their
pleasures
,
but
so
far
pre-excelling
is
the
one
,
as
the
other
is
vile
,
abject
,
and
contemptible
:
for
the
one
is
gorged
and
surfeited
with
his
delicacies
,
even
to
loathing
and
vomit
;
the
other
,
inebriated
,
or
rather
quickned
and
inspired
with
the
sprightly
nectar
of
contemplation
,
flies
into
the
celsitude
and
majesty
of
things
inscrutable
;
neither
conteins
he
himselfe
within
the
narrow
and
streight
empire
of
this
universe
,
but
acquires
things
above
capacity
,
and
transcending
nature
;
for
incited
with
the
deep
study
of
metaphysicall
Philosophy
,
he
strives
even
to
trace
the
steps
of
infinite
majesty
,
though
it
be
confest
that
this
ambition
of
his
,
is
both
foolish
and
arrogant
,
yet
is
it
daring
,
and
noble
,
that
not
satisfied
with
the
knowledge
of
humble
and
terrene
things
,
pierceth
deeper
,
and
aimeth
higher
,
till
it
attain
that
perfection
of
height
,
that
the
mind
or
understanding
being
filled
,
may
stop
at
the
farthest
,
as
there
having
fixt
non
ultra
.
But
this
small
digression
being
of
Euterpe
,
which
word
implies
nothing
else
but
true
delectation
or
delight
,
I
hope
hath
not
been
much
impertinent
.
Hesiod
cals
her
the
second
Muse
in
order
,
and
the
daughter
of
Jupiter
and
Memory
.
Neanthes
in
his
book
entituled
Rerum
Graecarum
,
cals
her
the
mother
of
Themistocles
:
but
Amphicrates
in
his
tractat
of
illustrious
men
,
M.
Tullius
witnesseth
,
he
refused
the
Harp
,
for
which
he
was
accused
in
that
assembly
of
rudenesse
and
discourtesie
,
or
else
of
want
of
skill
,
which
was
a
kind
of
aspersion
in
those
daies
and
places
.
As
in
times
of
old
to
play
upon
the
Harp
at
meetings
and
banquets
,
or
the
like
instruments
,
was
held
laudable
and
honest
;
so
either
to
deny
it
,
or
have
no
skill
in
it
,
was
an
opprobry
and
scandall
.
Lycurgus
,
though
he
instituted
most
hard
and
severe
lawes
over
the
Lacedemonians
,
yet
the
practise
of
musick
he
did
both
allow
and
highly
commend
,
as
a
solace
by
which
the
troublesome
burden
of
labour
and
travell
,
might
be
easilier
transmitted
.
Favius
saith
,
that
songs
cheare
the
gally
slave
at
his
oate
,
and
the
pipe
not
exquisitely
plaid
upon
,
yet
the
modulation
is
comfortable
to
such
as
are
over-trave●led
.
The
first
use
of
pipes
amongst
the
Greeks
,
was
after
certain
great
victories
atchieved
,
where
they
were
in
great
opinion
of
themselves
;
but
they
were
after
relinquisht
in
Athens
,
either
because
they
were
held
as
inciters
to
wanton
meetings
,
or
because
they
raised
a
kind
of
uncomelinesse
and
deformity
in
the
faces
of
such
as
plaid
upon
them
.
Of
these
pipes
there
were
divers
kinds
,
That
which
was
made
of
the
Lote-tree
,
was
called
Plagiauton
;
that
of
the
Box-tree
,
Elimon
;
that
of
the
Lawrell
tree
,
Hippophorbon
;
Monantus
was
likewise
made
of
the
Lote
tree
,
and
most
used
at
Nuptials
,
which
was
called
also
Pholingia
.
The
pipe
named
Libis
,
called
by
some
Matroa
,
was
that
which
was
solely
attributed
to
the
invention
of
Euterpe
,
though
some
bestow
it
on
the
mother
of
the
gods
.
The
Tyr●henes
used
pipes
of
horn
;
the
The●ans
made
theirs
of
the
shank-bones
of
Hind
calfes
;
the
Celtae
,
of
reeds
;
the
Islanders
of
the
Ocean
(
as
the
Scythae
,
the
Antropagi
,
and
Armaspians
)
of
the
leg
bones
of
Eagles
and
Vultures
;
the
Aegyptians
pipe
called
Polypthongos
,
is
composed
of
the
st●lks
of
Barlie
.
There
be
as
severall
sorts
of
this
kind
of
instrument
,
as
it
is
used
amongst
sundry
nations
and
places
.
Certaine
it
is
,
though
her
invention
was
but
poor
and
wretched
at
the
beginning
,
yet
it
increased
miraculously
:
for
almost
no
nation
but
sung
their
songs
,
odes
,
ditties
and
hymns
to
severall
sorts
of
wi●d
instruments
;
but
especially
amongst
the
Germans
in
Europe
they
were
in
the
most
frequent
use
,
from
whom
they
had
the
name
of
Ty●iae
.
The
interpreters
of
Apollonius
and
Rhodius
,
●ffirm
that
she
first
invented
the
Mathemat●
,
or
disciplines
:
others
,
that
she
was
much
practised
in
Logick
.
To
speak
in
one
word
what
the
Poets
materially
intended
by
Euterpe
,
Plutarch
best
expresseth
in
his
Sympos●●co●
,
All
attribute
to
E●●erpe
,
the
contemplation
of
the
truth
of
nature
,
esteeming
no
delectations
to
be
more
pure
,
or
recreations
more
faire
,
then
such
as
have
their
birth
from
her
.
This
therefore
is
the
consequence
and
coherence
betwixt
Clio
and
Euterpe
,
according
to
Fulgentius
:
we
first
in
Clio
acquire
Sciences
,
and
Arts
,
and
enterprises
,
and
by
them
honour
and
glory
:
that
obtained
,
in
Euterpe
we
find
pleasure
and
delectations
in
all
such
things
as
we
sought
and
attained
;
which
agree
with
Plutarchs
words
from
Chrysippus
,
I
take
something
to
my self
which
is
appropriate
to
Euterpe
,
that
she
hath
in
her
that
which
instructs
men
in
civility
and
decency
For
Euterpe
imports
to
us
nothing
else
but
the
joy
and
pleasure
which
we
conceive
in
following
the
Muses
,
and
truly
apprehending
the
mysteries
of
discipline
and
Science
.
Therefore
with
O●pianus
in
hi●
Halieuticis
,
I
conclude
,
Laborem
.
sequitur
gaudium
.
i.
Joy
still
followes
labour
.
And
so
much
of
Euterpe
.
Thalia
.
IT
is
a
position
,
That
the
lawfull
Pl●tonick
banquet
,
doth
refresh
both
the
body
and
the
mind
:
such
a
one
exprest
Athenaeus
in
his
D●pnosophistae
;
which
signifies
Cnoea
sapientum
,
A
supper
or
feast
〈…〉
men
,
which
is
a
discourse
at
table
,
both
of
pleasure
and
profit
;
and
of
such
is
the
Muse
Thalia
L●dy
and
Mistresse
.
For
there
is
nothing
that
doth
better
delight
the
body
,
refresh
the
mind
,
or
make
cheerfull
the
countenance
,
then
a
banquet
of
that
condition
and
purpose
.
Aristotle
saith
,
That
man
is
composed
of
a
body
(
which
is
an
earthy
masse
consisting
of
spirit
and
humour
)
and
of
a
mind
which
includes
two
things
,
namely
,
Sence
and
Reason
,
from
which
all
honest
pleasure
doth
arise
and
flow
,
fit
be
temperately
and
moderately
governed
.
And
Galen
saith
,
That
in
a
modest
and
well
disposed
banquet
,
all
these
occur
and
meet
:
For
who
knowes
not
,
but
by
such
means
the
members
are
nourished
,
the
humours
renewed
,
the
spirit
refreshed
,
and
the
reason
after
a
sort
watered
?
By
this
we
have
a
cestation
from
labour
,
a
retirement
from
care
;
for
the
body
solace
;
for
the
braine
incouragement
.
Take
away
the
hilarities
and
mirth
of
feasting
and
banqueting
;
the
nutriment
of
love
,
the
community
of
friendship
,
and
the
solace
of
life
,
is
by
such
a
restraint
opprest
,
and
by
degrees
●d
ichilate
:
for
the
communion
and
society
of
life
,
is
the
scope
at
which
moderate
banquets
aime
,
and
not
the
lavish
invitation
to
healthing
,
and
intemperate
drinking
:
which
Plutarch
in
Symposiacis
,
seems
to
approve
in
these
words
,
speaking
of
the
Muse
Thalia
:
For
that
which
belongs
to
surp●ulage
of
meat
,
and
superfluity
of
drink
concerns
not
Thalia
,
who
makes
a
man
sociable
in
his
banquets
,
who
otherwise
of
his
own
condition
is
churl●sh
and
froward
.
I
herefore
is
Thalia
derived
of
Caliazein
,
which
as
the
Greeks
give
the
etymology
,
is
Convenire
,
to
meet
according
to
appointment
,
well
and
contentedly
to
please
the
pallar
,
and
satisfie
the
appetite
,
and
not
to
gormandise
and
exceed
in
surfet
.
Therefore
the
counsell
of
Varro
is
,
that
all
such
banqueters
be
either
musicall
or
learned
,
and
not
to
exceed
the
number
of
the
Graces
,
or
the
Muses
at
most
.
From
such
a
feast
are
to
be
excluded
all
such
as
are
full
of
spleen
or
prone
to
anger
:
but
such
whose
ability
is
smooth
,
and
apt
for
the
time
and
place
,
void
of
all
loquacity
and
superfluous
language
,
that
rather
sweeten
then
dist●st
the
company
;
let
such
be
welcome
guests
to
her
table
:
but
the
gluttonous
and
far
dishes
of
Sardanapalus
,
let
them
be
as
hatefull
as
cates
sauc'd
with
poison
,
and
such
belly-gods
appear
to
thee
as
dogs
and
serpents
.
Fulgentius
and
Epicharmus
Comicus
,
saith
,
that
this
Muse
is
the
most
of
all
the
rest
favourable
and
gracious
to
Poets
,
because
they
love
to
meet
familiarly
and
fare
daintily
,
to
expell
sorrow
as
they
would
do
shame
,
and
melancholy
as
they
would
do
madnesse
:
and
this
they
do
with
an
Antipharmacum
,
composed
of
neat
and
brisk
wine
,
which
doth
smooth
and
enlighten
a
wrinkled
and
cloudy
countenance
;
for
Thalia
will
at
no
time
suffer
a
Poet
to
droop
in
spirit
,
Nostra
nec
rubuit
silvas
habitare
Thalia
.
Our
Thalia
blusht
not
to
dwell
even
in
the
woods
amongst
us
.
She
is
the
third
in
rank
,
who
hath
a
denomination
of
[
*
](A43596-e36000-b)
*
à
Virescendo
.
dallc●●
that
is
.
Still
springing
and
growing
green
.
Cornutus
saith
.
That
from
that
denomination
she
renewes
and
re-inspires
the
〈◊〉
life
of
a
Poet
:
or
else
because
at
their
free
and
〈…〉
,
she
persuades
them
to
friendly
and
honest
conversation
without
brawles
or
riot
;
or
lastly
(
as
others
will
have
it
)
in
regard
the
Poets
fame
once
deservedly
go●
,
shall
outlast
time
,
and
live
with
eternity
.
Many
bestow
on
her
the
invention
of
the
Comedy
;
some
make
her
the
first
teacher
of
Agriculture
;
and
others
,
to
be
the
mother
of
Palephatus
,
who
writ
much
concerning
plantation
and
inoculating
,
besides
five
books
Incredibilium
,
or
things
past
believe
.
Therefore
the
papers
of
Palephatus
grew
into
an
Adage
or
Proverb
,
because
his
books
had
no
credit
given
to
them
.
Much
is
spoken
of
him
by
Coelius
in
his
Antiquae
Lection
:
Symposiac
.
lib.
9.
will
have
Thalia
,
Calliope
and
Clio
to
be
conversant
in
things
serious
,
grave
,
and
philosophicall
;
in
divine
things
to
have
speculation
;
and
lastly
,
to
measure
all
things
,
justly
,
and
weigh
them
in
an
even
ballance
equally
:
He
that
can
do
this
,
is
not
only
worthy
to
be
reckoned
amongst
the
best
of
men
,
but
to
be
numbered
even
in
the
catalogue
of
the
gods
,
of
whose
memory
no
age
shall
ever
be
silent
.
Melpomene
.
BY
sweet
modulation
,
all
things
are
moved
.
Plato
in
his
dialogue
de
Furore
,
cals
her
the
daughter
of
Jupiter
,
and
voice
of
Apollo
;
nor
without
merit
,
if
we
but
retire
our selves
,
and
look
back
into
the
originall
of
things
.
Her
name
derived
from
the
Greek
dialect
,
importing
Canere
,
to
sing
;
and
Concentum
facere
,
to
make
conseat
or
concord
;
which
includes
the
temperature
and
modulation
of
the
whole
world
.
For
what
is
better
moderated
or
kept
within
a
more
due
proportion
,
then
melody
:
For
as
the
many
limbs
and
members
of
the
body
,
though
they
have
divers
place
and
motion
,
and
have
sundry
gifts
and
offices
,
yet
all
their
faculties
are
directed
to
one
businesse
,
as
having
one
scope
and
aime
:
so
the
variety
that
ariseth
from
divers
voices
or
strings
,
all
agree
and
meet
to
make
one
melody
,
which
as
Plutarch
writes
in
his
book
de
Musica
,
signifies
a
[
*
](A43596-e36270-b)
*
Melos
.
member
of
the
body
.
And
that
every
creature
living
is
delighted
with
harmony
,
Plaeto
doth
gather
,
because
the
coelestiall
spirit
from
which
the
world
first
took
life
,
had
his
first
lively
being
and
existence
from
musick
.
Strabo
writes
that
the
Elephants
are
made
gentle
,
by
the
voice
and
the
beating
of
the
timbrell
,
or
the
tabor
.
And
Plutarch
in
Symposiac
.
That
many
brute
beasts
are
much
affected
to
,
and
delighted
in
musick
:
Nam
video
,
&c.
For
I
see
(
saith
he
)
creatures
wanting
reason
are
much
pleased
with
harmony
;
as
the
Hart
with
the
pipe
,
and
the
Dolphin
with
the
harp
and
voice
:
Of
which
Pindarus
and
Virgil
are
manifest
witnesses
:
—
Inter
Delphinus
Arion
—
Which
Arion
,
Plutarch
in
his
Convivium
thus
elegantly
describes
.
Quod
mare
non
novit
?
quis
nescit
Ariona
tellus
?
Carmine
currentes
ille
tenebat
aquas
,
Sepe
sequens
Agnam
,
&c.
Which
I
thus
English
▪
What
sea
,
what
earth
,
doth
not
Arian
know
?
Whose
verse
could
make
the
waters
ebbe
or
flow
;
His
voice
hath
call'd
the
woofe
backe
from
pursuit
Of
the
mild
lambs
,
and
made
his
howlings
mute
.
Oft
at
his
voice
,
the
silly
lamb
hath
staid
,
Whilst
on
his
life
the
fierce
wolfe
might
have
prai'd
.
Oft
in
one
shade
the
hare
and
hound
hath
li'n
,
Both
listning
to
a
musick
so
divine
.
The
Lionesse
and
Ewe
together
are
Attentive
both
:
but
neither
fierce
nor
jar
.
The
Prating
crow
to
Pallas
owle
is
nie
,
And
quarrels
not
:
the
dove
,
the
hawke
sits
by
.
Oft
Cinthia
hath
he
set
thine
heart
on
fire
,
And
made
thee
sweare
,
his
was
thy
brothers
Lyre
.
All
the
Sicilian
Cities
are
at
ones
,
And
Italy
is
rapt
with
thy
Lyrick
tones
.
Bound
homewards
good
Arion
shipping
takes
,
With
all
the
store
his
art
,
or
musick
makes
.
He
fear'd
to
see
the
wind
and
waters
rise
;
But
there
more
comfort
then
a
shiphor'd
lies
.
Behold
the
Captaine
with
his
sword
in
hand
,
With
all
that
guilty
crew
at
his
command
,
Ing●rt
him
round
:
(
he
well
nigh
dead
with
feare
)
Intreats
them
their
rude
violence
to
forbeare
:
Or
if
so
madly
they
his
death
desire
,
He
first
may
take
some
comfort
of
his
Lyre
,
They
grant
him
leave
,
and
smile
at
his
delay
;
He
takes
his
chaplet
of
the
st●ll
green
B●y
,
A
chaplet
which
even
Phoeous
might
have
tri'd
,
Then
don's
a
robe
in
Tyr●an
purple
di'd
▪
And
as
the
swan
that
dying
sweetly
sings
,
So
he
betakes
him
to
his
voice
and
strings
:
And
from
th'
inviron
of
these
marine
knaves
,
Down
suddenly
he
s●●ps
into
the
waves
.
The
crooked
Dolphin
takes
him
on
her
back
,
To
save
Arion
from
the
present
wrack
.
She
swims
,
he
sits
and
plaies
upon
his
Lyre
,
And
paies
with
musick
the
sw●ft
Dolphins
hire
.
But
to
leave
to
speak
of
unreasonable
creatures
.
In
man
there
is
a
peculiar
reason
above
the
rest
,
by
which
his
mind
is
made
pliant
and
tractable
to
this
modulation
,
for
it
insinuates
into
his
bosome
soonest
.
For
none
is
of
so
rude
and
rough
hewn
a
disposition
,
that
yeelds
not
an
attention
to
melody
,
and
is
not
captivated
and
surprized
with
the
ravishing
sounds
,
Melpomene
,
tragico
,
&c.
Therefore
it
was
the
custome
in
all
the
Tragedies
of
old
,
to
annex
to
the
end
of
every
act
,
a
Chorus
,
with
some
sad
and
mournfull
song
:
and
the
neerer
they
grew
to
the
catastrophe
or
conclusion
,
the
songs
were
set
to
the
more
passionate
tunes
,
and
sung
with
the
more
sorrowfull
accent
,
expressing
an
augmentation
of
griefe
both
in
countenance
and
gesture
.
Some
of
the
great
authors
conferre
upon
her
the
invent
on
of
Rhetorick
,
of
which
opinion
was
Pharnutus
,
who
doth
etymologise
Melpomene
from
Molpe
,
which
signifies
the
sweetnesse
of
the
voice
:
for
one
of
the
chiefest
ornaments
in
an
Orator
,
is
,
first
,
Action
,
then
a
constancie
in
Voice
,
Motion
,
and
Gesture
beseeming
and
comly
.
Most
certain
it
is
,
that
all
these
things
commented
of
Melpomente
,
either
concerning
the
derivation
of
her
name
,
or
her
invention
of
arts
,
meet
in
this
one
center
(
to
which
so
many
lines
aime
)
to
signifie
to
us
a
well
spoken
,
learned
,
and
eloquent
man
,
from
whose
lips
issue
all
foecundity
and
sweetnesse
:
And
that
he
may
attain
to
this
elegancy
,
which
so
much
graceth
an
Oratour
,
behoves
him
to
take
counsell
of
M.
Cicero
that
is
to
join
Wisdome
with
his
Eloquence
,
and
substance
and
matter
to
his
pronuntiation
and
phrase
;
by
which
practise
,
he
may
prove
to
the
Common-wealth
a
most
necessary
and
profitable
member
.
Lastly
,
Fulgentius
teacheth
,
that
by
this
Muse
is
meant
a
maid
given
to
meditation
:
as
first
,
Clio
begets
a
will
;
secondly
,
Euterpe
a
desire
to
prosecute
that
which
the
will
is
bent
unto
;
thirdly
,
Thalia
to
be
delighted
in
that
which
we
have
acquired
;
fourthly
,
Melpomene
,
to
meditate
upon
that
in
which
we
are
delighted
.
And
so
much
for
meditation
,
or
the
fourth
of
the
Muses
.
Terpsichore
.
IN
the
fifth
place
succeeds
Terpsichore
,
whose
name
is
derived
à
T●●po
del●cto
,
and
Kore●a
tripudium
,
that
is
,
delighting
in
dancing
▪
This
Muse
hath
no
lesse
reference
to
Musick
,
then
〈◊〉
her
eldest
sister
;
the
one
governs
the
voice
,
and
hath
predo●●nance
over
songs
,
the
other
over
dancing
〈◊〉
measures
.
They
are
by
the
great
writers
much
commended
,
who
therefore
make
the
Muse
the
inventresse
of
them
,
being
the
daughter
of
Jupiter
:
the
originall
of
dancing
they
derive
from
the
high
heavens
,
from
the
order
of
the
stars
and
planets
,
from
their
motion
,
their
going
forward
and
return
backward
;
which
even
at
the
first
creation
began
in
an
harmonia
call
measure
of
the
coelestiall
bodies
.
Of
Dances
there
be
sundry
kinds
;
some
took
name
from
the
song
,
and
such
was
called
Emmelcia
,
that
was
held
to
be
Tragicall
:
a
second
,
was
called
Cordax
Comica
,
or
a
Country
dance
;
of
such
Arriamnus
in
his
Indian
Commentaries
,
remembers
us
:
some
bestow
the
invention
of
such
upon
the
Satyrs
;
others
affirm
that
Bacchus
by
his
Orgyan
leapings
or
dances
,
brought
the
Tyrthenians
,
the
Indians
and
Lydians
,
all
warlike
nations
,
to
his
subjection
▪
Therefore
those
that
were
called
Siccinastae
,
they
confer
on
him
or
some
of
his
fellowes
and
adherents
,
though
the
Sicinni
were
the
people
of
Creet
,
amongst
whom
that
kind
of
measure
was
most
celebrated
.
In
what
estimation
these
were
of
old
,
may
be
easily
imagined
,
when
no
sacrifice
was
offered
at
Delos
,
but
dances
were
the
chiefe
in
all
their
superstitious
ceremonies
.
The
Brachmani
,
a
people
of
India
,
morning
and
evening
in
their
adoration
of
the
Sun
,
frequently
use
them
.
Amongst
the
Aethiopians
,
the
Thracians
,
the
Aegyptians
,
the
Scythians
,
their
sacreds
are
not
solemnized
without
them
,
as
first
instituted
by
Orpheu●
and
Musaeus
.
Some
danc'd
in
the
honour
of
Mars
.
The
Lacedemonians
had
them
in
continuall
practise
,
so
likewise
the
Thessalians
;
insomuch
that
the
most
wise
Socrates
after
he
was
grown
in
years
,
practised
to
dance
,
and
not
only
gave
such
exercises
an
extraordinary
character
of
commendations
,
but
numbred
them
amongst
the
best
Sciences
.
These
dances
were
not
in
custome
without
musick
,
especially
in
their
festivals
and
sacrifices
;
for
the
boies
or
young
men
went
in
the
first
place
,
some
playing
upon
harps
and
pipes
,
and
others
selected
for
the
dances
:
whose
custome
was
,
as
they
tripped
and
skipped
about
the
Altar
,
they
first
proceeded
so
,
that
from
the
left
hand
,
they
might
incline
to
the
right
,
to
observe
the
course
of
the
Zodiack
;
and
again
,
from
the
right
hand
turn
to
the
left
,
to
imitate
the
motion
of
the
Primum
mobile
.
Pindarus
cals
Apollo
,
Orcheste
,
that
is
,
Saltator
,
a
dancer
.
Plato
in
his
first
book
de
Legum
latione
,
saith
,
that
the
first
ground
of
learning
proceeded
from
the
works
of
Apollo
and
the
Muses
;
holding
that
man
untutored
and
ignorant
,
that
was
not
practised
in
the
measures
of
the
Muses
,
and
him
accomplished
and
best
instructed
that
could
tread
them
with
the
best
agility
and
cunning
.
By
which
it
may
be
concluded
,
that
these
Choreae
were
begot
by
musick
,
and
fetch'd
from
the
very
intrails
of
number
used
in
verse
(
which
some
of
Rith
mus
call
Rime
)
and
from
other
Ethick
observations
:
therefore
some
attribute
to
her
,
the
invention
of
that
which
we
call
Humanitatis
Disciplina
,
which
signifies
,
The
discipline
of
humanity
.
By
the
son
of
Ach●lous
she
had
the
Syrenes
(
though
Fulgentius
cals
them
the
daughters
of
Cal●ope
)
and
by
Mars
,
Bistone
,
of
whom
the
Country
is
called
Bistonia
;
she
is
therefore
rankt
in
the
fifth
place
,
and
said
,
Choreis
delectari
,
because
it
is
a
pleasure
and
delight
to
the
auditors
,
for
the
benefits
they
received
by
hearing
the
mysteries
of
learning
and
knowledge
manifested
and
laid
open
unto
them
:
as
if
we
should
say
,
Terpsichore
,
is
a
delight
in
instruction
;
or
,
to
take
a
felicity
to
be
instructed
.
Fulgentius
will
have
Polymnia
to
take
place
before
her
,
his
reason
is
,
because
after
invention
or
much
memory
(
which
is
Polyhimnia
)
it
is
then
necessary
to
judge
and
determine
of
that
which
was
before
devised
and
invented
.
Cornutus
saith
that
good
men
transmit
the
best
and
greatest
part
of
their
lives
in
delectation
and
joy
;
or
else
that
they
bring
pleasure
and
content
to
all
such
with
whom
they
shall
converse
:
of
which
delight
this
Muse
is
the
patronesse
.
Others
think
she
was
so
called
,
because
she
was
so
pleasing
to
the
society
of
the
rest
of
her
sisters
:
but
whence
soever
she
had
that
name
bestowed
upon
her
,
it
was
neither
idle
nor
unmomentary
;
the
Fable
of
this
Muse
thus
much
insinuating
,
that
part
of
the
Muses
are
intentive
only
upon
serious
and
solid
matters
,
as
Philosophy
,
the
Mathematicks
,
and
the
like
:
the
rest
upon
recreations
,
sports
,
and
pastimes
By
which
the
ancients
would
teach
us
,
That
it
is
not
possible
,
but
he
that
hath
spent
most
of
his
age
and
study
upon
Calliope
and
Vrania
,
but
shall
in
that
knowledge
be
most
joifull
,
and
filled
with
all
manner
of
delectation
:
which
pleasure
and
content
they
signified
by
dances
,
musick
and
banquets
.
Erato
.
IN
Plato's
Sanctuaries
it
is
left
recorded
,
that
Amor
,
which
is
love
,
in
Greek
called
Erota
,
which
is
the
name
of
the
Muse
of
whom
we
are
now
to
speak
(
and
by
him
called
the
voice
of
Venus
)
is
known
to
be
nothing
else
by
such
as
truely
understand
,
then
the
desire
of
beauty
;
of
which
Plotinus
makes
a
three●old
distinction
,
it
is
either
in
the
Mind
,
begot
by
vertue
,
and
that
is
called
V●n●stas
,
which
may
extend
to
a
gracefull
pleasantnesse
in
speech
,
or
delectable
utterance
;
or
in
the
Body
,
of
the
lineaments
and
colour
meeting
in
the
greatest
〈◊〉
and
that
is
called
Decus
,
which
is
comlinesse
or
a
sweetnesse
of
proportion
;
the
last
is
the
concordance
and
pleasantnesse
of
sounds
,
which
comprehends
in
it
an
excellent
,
though
invisible
fairnesse
or
pule●●itude
.
This
threefold
beauty
hath
three
sences
subservient
or
agreeing
;
The
interior
eie
of
the
Mind
.
The
sight
of
the
Bodie
;
and
hair
,
accommodated
and
apt
for
the
entertaining
of
sounds
.
Banisht
the
the
from
the
integrity
and
perfection
of
Plato's
love
are
all
the
refore
inst●mmations
of
fiery
lust
,
and
〈◊〉
of
unlawfull
pleasure
.
Even
Socrates
,
who
by
the
Delphick
O●acle
was
judged
the
wisest
of
his
time
,
profett
himselfe
〈…〉
o●
this
love
.
In
Athens
,
as
of
as
any
sacreds
were
made
to
Pallas
,
so
oft
were
they
to
the
statue
of
love
,
which
was
placed
in
the
same
Temple
.
In
the
popular
ceremonies
,
Love
was
honoured
of
all
men
.
The
L●cedemonians
(
before
they
affronted
or
encountred
the
forrein
enemie
)
made
their
oblations
to
Love
,
as
it
he
had
the
power
to
give
them
both
safety
and
victory
.
The
b●nd
or
company
,
which
among
the
Thebans
was
called
S●cred
,
consisted
on
Lovers
,
and
such
as
were
beloved
.
They
had
besides
,
a
School
or
an
Academy
dedicated
to
Love
.
〈◊〉
in
Phed●a
,
proclaimed
Love
to
be
a
god
,
and
〈…〉
with
gods
and
men
,
as
it
is
in
his
Symposi
.
Love
〈…〉
,
and
wonderfull
both
to
men
and
gods
.
and
〈…〉
and
gods
,
and
besides
many
other
things
,
〈…〉
generation
and
birth
.
〈◊〉
spe●king
in
his
Th●●gonia
,
saith
,
that
Ch●os
was
first
〈…〉
Earth
and
〈◊〉
next
created
,
and
immediately
after
them
,
Love
;
this
is
to
be
understood
in
an
allegoricall
sence
,
and
mysticall
and
obscured
:
for
he
doth
not
by
love
understand
the
son
of
Venus
,
for
how
can
he
be
born
when
his
mother
was
not
yet
come
into
the
world
.
We
must
understand
〈◊〉
Love
more
ancient
,
which
is
significan●
in
the
name
of
this
〈◊〉
called
Erato
;
therefore
H●siod
define
him
both
of
Chaos
and
the
Earth
.
O●
the
same
opinion
is
D●●us
Dionysius
Areopagita
,
for
thus
he
saith
,
Love
,
〈◊〉
you
term
it
divine
or
angelicall
,
or
spirituall
,
lively
,
according
to
creatures
,
or
naturall
;
you
must
understand
an
inherent
and
commixt
vertue
which
doth
insinuate
or
intice
the
superior
things
to
the
inferiour
,
which
doth
reconcile
things
equall
amongst
themselves
;
making
them
sociable
,
and
equally
communicating
;
and
lastly
doth
pleasantly
provoke
such
things
as
are
infinite
,
to
be
converted
to
matters
more
sublime
and
greatlier
to
be
desired
;
that
like
things
combustable
added
to
fire
already
kindled
,
may
make
them
sparkle
and
burn
afresh
.
Worthy
he
is
no
doubt
,
who
is
commended
of
all
men
,
not
only
for
the
nobility
of
his
birth
,
but
the
antiquity
of
his
house
,
as
is
observed
from
Plato
;
but
great
must
he
needs
be
of
force
,
to
whose
Empire
both
gods
and
men
are
subjected
.
He
is
besides
to
be
wondred
at
for
his
shape
and
feature
,
because
every
man
admires
that
beauty
which
he
best
loves
.
Lastly
,
he
is
to
be
commended
,
and
Encomiasticks
to
be
sung
in
his
praise
,
for
the
utility
and
profit
that
ariseth
from
him
.
Therefore
from
those
before
us
,
for
his
nobility
;
from
these
present
with
us
,
for
his
magnitude
and
potency
;
and
from
those
that
shall
succeed
and
come
after
us
,
for
the
expected
utility
,
this
Love
is
to
be
held
in
great
honour
and
adoration
.
But
the
opinion
of
Ovid
doth
no
way
assent
with
the
words
of
Hesiod
,
who
saith
,
Nunc
Erato
&
tu
nomen
amoris
habes
;
deriving
the
son
of
Venus
from
the
foresaid
antiquity
;
by
which
he
would
make
him
much
more
elder
then
his
mother
.
But
to
speak
according
to
the
Greeks
,
it
is
delivered
unto
us
by
them
,
that
Erato
was
the
mother
of
Thamira
,
she
that
was
the
first
Inventresse
of
the
Amatorious
Poem
(
or
love-verses
.
)
The
Ar●adians
will
not
allow
Erato
in
the
number
of
the
Muses
,
only
they
give
her
the
character
of
a
prophetesse
,
who
was
married
to
Archas
the
son
of
Cal●s●o
begot
by
Jupiter
;
and
that
she
was
the
first
publisher
of
Pans
O●acles
.
Patroclus
that
commented
upon
Hesiod
confers
upon
her
the
invention
of
Poesie
;
but
the
Poet
himselfe
saith
,
that
she
first
devised
dancing
;
as
may
appeare
by
that
which
I
have
before
interpreted
.
Pl●ctra
gere●●
Erato
saltat
pede
,
carmine
,
vultu
.
Some
of
the
Greek
authors
allow
her
dancing
,
others
musick
.
Pharnu●us
writes
,
that
she
was
so
called
from
demanding
and
resolving
,
which
is
(
more
plainly
)
from
questions
and
answers
,
which
two
are
much
frequent
amongst
disputants
.
Fulgentius
derives
her
from
the
invention
of
Similies
,
because
that
after
Science
and
Memory
,
is
requisite
that
we
devise
something
resembling
that
which
we
have
learned
.
To
conclude
therefore
:
Erato
is
a
certaine
Love
born
by
nature
,
which
the
wise
men
received
from
the
gods
.
Or
(
to
speak
according
to
Areopagita
)
a
certain
institution
by
which
Socrates
,
being
elevated
,
and
(
as
it
were
)
rapp'd
into
an
higher
element
,
sung
and
declared
his
divine
mysteries
:
before
which
time
(
as
he
hath
of
himselfe
delivered
)
he
was
altogether
ignorant
of
things
Superior
or
Inferior
,
Coelestiall
or
In●ernall
.
Therefore
with
Erato
I
thus
conclude
,
The
force
of
Love
is
in
all
creatures
miraculous
but
in
man
especially
.
Polymnia
THis
Muse
purchast
to
her selfe
the
famous
and
reverend
name
of
Mother
,
or
one
more
condigne
and
excellent
,
and
was
of
old
held
in
great
honour
amongst
Generals
,
Princes
,
Optimates
and
Emperours
.
Her
name
importing
nothing
else
but
Memory
.
Th●mistocles
of
Athens
(
as
Tully
affirms
)
had
learn'd
the
names
of
all
the
Citizens
.
Againe
,
he
called
every
ship-master
by
his
own
and
his
fathers
name
,
remembring
the
very
tribes
from
whence
they
were
descended
.
Many
have
excelled
in
memory
,
but
especially
the
Poet
Simonides
,
of
whom
I
have
thus
read
.
That
being
invited
by
one
Scopa
(
a
fortunate
and
rich
man
)
to
a
great
feast
,
where
a
multitude
of
his
acquaintance
,
friends
and
allies
were
then
present
,
so
that
all
the
Tables
in
his
large
Hall
were
furnished
and
thronged
with
guests
,
and
every
man
had
took
his
place
,
and
he
amongst
the
rest
;
suddenly
a
hasty
message
was
brought
unto
him
,
that
two
young
men
attended
without
to
speak
with
him
upon
businesse
of
great
urgence
and
importance
;
he
presently
arose
from
his
fear
,
but
comming
to
the
gate
,
saw
no
man
:
In
this
interim
whilst
he
expected
them
without
,
the
whole
structure
with
the
roof
and
battlements
,
fell
upon
those
within
and
slew
them
all
,
not
leaving
one
alive
;
only
Simonides
by
this
prodigie
escaped
.
Now
when
the
friends
of
those
that
perisht
came
to
the
place
of
slaughter
,
intending
to
give
their
allies
and
acquaintance
the
due
rights
of
funerall
,
according
to
their
degrees
,
but
by
reason
of
that
confused
massacre
and
multitude
of
persons
there
shattered
almost
to
nothing
,
no
man
could
distinguish
one
from
the
other
:
Simonides
by
remembring
in
what
place
every
man
sate
(
notwithstanding
that
confusion
)
distinguisht
the
bodies
,
and
gave
to
every
one
his
friend
and
kinsman
to
give
unto
them
their
due
rights
of
buriall
according
as
their
births
or
offices
in
the
Common-weale
deserved
.
This
approves
unto
us
,
Ammianus
Marcellinus
is
of
opinion
that
he
strengthened
and
preserved
his
memory
with
potions
,
extracted
from
the
juice
of
divers
drugs
and
simples
.
Most
requisite
and
necessary
is
Polyhimnia
to
all
such
as
shall
enter
the
Chappell
where
the
holy
things
of
the
Muses
are
kept
.
Whether
the
memory
come
by
nature
or
by
art
,
or
practise
and
exercise
,
who
knowes
not
but
all
men
are
retentive
of
such
things
as
they
are
first
instructed
in
,
and
that
by
nature
;
neverthelesse
it
is
to
be
observed
,
that
children
and
old
men
,
the
first
have
not
their
memories
so
perfect
,
the
latter
,
not
so
full
and
strong
;
for
being
in
continuall
motion
,
the
brains
of
the
one
not
ripe
,
and
of
the
other
somewhat
decaied
,
answer
not
to
the
va●eity
or
greatnesse
of
the
body
,
the
prime
sences
being
opprest
with
an
unwieldy
and
unprofitable
burthen
:
in
those
likewise
that
are
fat
and
full
of
thick
and
grosse
humours
,
the
exact
forms
of
things
are
not
so
easily
designed
or
exprest
.
Plutarch
in
his
book
of
Oracles
cals
the
[
*
](A43596-e38290-b)
*
Antistrophe
is
where
between
two
things
conjoined
that
have
mutuall
dependency
,
there
is
a
concesion
by
course
.
Antistrophon
to
Divination
:
for
things
past
only
belong
to
Memory
,
and
things
present
are
the
objects
of
the
senses
.
Themistius
saith
,
that
the
S●uthsayer
deals
only
in
predictions
.
And
Plato
in
his
Philebus
affirms
,
That
memory
is
neither
sence
,
nor
imagination
,
nor
understanding
,
but
an
habit
or
affection
of
these
,
with
Time
added
,
by
which
there
is
made
an
impression
and
a
spectre
or
imaginary
fancy
l●ft
in
the
soule
.
Lucian
saith
,
he
that
proposeth
to
himselfe
to
have
Polymnia
propitious
unto
him
,
endeavours
to
keep
all
things
in
memory
.
She
is
called
also
Polyhimnia
by
Horace
,
à
multudine
cantus
of
the
multiplicity
of
songs
,
as
Lambinus
observes
in
his
Commentaries
.
Ovid
gives
them
the
same
title
,
Dissensere
Deae
quarum
Polyhimnia
prima
Caepit
—
The
goddesses
were
at
odds
,
of
which
Polyhimnia
first
began
.
So
Virgil
;
Nam
verum
fateamna
amat
,
Polyhimnia
verum
.
—
We
must
confesse
it
sooth
,
For
Polyhimnia
nothing
loves
but
truth
.
In
many
place
,
and
by
divers
Authors
,
she
is
sometimes
called
Polymnia
,
of
Memory
,
and
againe
Polyhimnia
of
variety
in
history
:
In
the
commentary
upon
the
Argonauts
,
she
is
said
to
be
the
mistresse
of
the
Lyre
,
or
Harp
.
Hesiod
gives
Geometry
to
her
,
and
other
of
the
Greek
Poets
,
Grammer
.
Cassiodorus
in
variis
,
intreating
of
the
Comedy
,
makes
her
the
first
inventresse
of
Mimick
action
:
and
Plutarch
in
Sym●●sia
of
Histories
:
For
(
saith
he
)
She
is
the
remembrancer
of
many
.
Polymnia
therefore
,
or
Polyhimnia
,
is
called
Multa
memoria
,
because
memory
is
most
behovefull
to
all
such
as
practise
the
study
of
Arts
and
Disciplines
.
De
Vrania
.
FRom
Polymnia
I
proceed
to
Vrania
,
and
from
Memory
we
are
drawn
up
to
Heaven
:
for
the
best
remembrancers
,
as
Pliny
saith
,
comprehend
the
whole
world
or
universe
,
in
which
the
heavens
are
included
,
and
all
the
secrets
therein
,
as
much
as
by
investigation
can
be
attained
to
,
have
the
full
and
perfect
knowledge
:
for
the
most
secret
and
hidden
things
are
contained
in
the
heavens
above
,
and
therefore
such
as
are
expert
in
them
,
cannot
be
ignorant
of
these
lesse
and
more
easie
to
be
apprehended
below
:
Plutarch
of
Vrania
thus
speaks
:
Plato
(
as
by
their
steps
)
hath
tra●'d
all
the
gods
,
thinking
to
find
out
their
faculties
by
their
names
.
By
the
same
reason
we
place
one
of
the
Muses
in
the
Heavens
and
about
coelestiall
things
,
which
is
Urania
for
that
which
is
above
hath
no
need
of
diversity
of
government
,
〈…〉
full
directresse
,
which
is
Nature
:
where
〈…〉
,
excesses
and
transgresses
,
there
〈…〉
to
be
transmitted
(
and
one
particular
Muse
still
reserved
)
one
to
correct
this
fault
,
and
another
that
.
Vrania
therefore
(
according
to
Plutarch
)
hath
predominance
in
things
coelestiall
,
which
by
how
much
they
are
above
things
terrestriall
in
excellence
,
they
are
so
much
the
more
difficult
.
Some
stretch
the
influence
of
the
stars
to
Zoriasta's
magick
,
in
which
he
was
popularly
famous
,
nay
more
,
his
name
by
that
art
enobled
.
notwithstanding
,
the
annals
testifie
that
he
was
subdued
and
slain
in
battell
by
Ninus
.
Pompey
the
great
was
curiously
addicted
to
these
divinations
;
yet
his
potency
fail'd
him
,
and
he
dyed
a
wretched
death
in
Aegypt
.
Howbeit
by
these
instances
it
is
not
to
be
inferred
as
the
mysticallest
and
powerfull
part
of
the
Mathematicall
Disciplines
.
The
inventions
of
Manilius
most
indirectly
confers
it
upon
Mercury
.
Plato
in
Epinomide
,
would
have
all
that
contemplate
Astrology
,
to
begin
in
their
youth
;
such
is
the
excellency
of
the
art
,
and
the
difficulty
to
attain
unto
it
;
for
these
be
his
words
,
Be
not
ignorant
that
Astrology
is
a
most
wise
secret
:
for
it
is
necessary
,
that
the
true
Astronomer
be
not
that
man
(
according
to
Hesiod
)
that
shall
only
consider
the
rising
and
setting
of
the
stars
,
but
rather
,
that
hath
a
full
inspection
into
the
eight
compasses
,
or
circumferences
,
and
how
the
seven
are
turned
by
the
first
,
and
in
what
order
every
star
moves
in
his
own
sphear
or
circle
;
in
which
he
shall
not
find
any
thing
which
is
not
miraculous
.
If
therefore
the
praise
of
Astronomy
be
so
great
,
What
encomium
then
is
Vrania
worthy
,
who
first
illustrated
the
art
?
This
only
shall
suffice
,
that
by
her
is
meant
coelestiall
Astrology
,
so
call'd
of
the
Heaven
,
for
(
as
Pharnutus
saith
)
The
intire
universe
,
the
ancients
call'd
by
the
name
of
Heaven
.
So
by
this
means
Vrania
is
acknowledged
to
be
frequent
in
all
Sciences
below
,
and
speculations
above
whatsoever
.
Her
etymology
importing
Sublimia
spectantem
,
that
is
,
Beholding
things
sublime
and
high
.
Or
her
Ovid
thus
:
Incipit
Urania
,
secere
silentia
cunctae
,
Et
vox
audiri
,
nulla
,
nisi
illa
potest
.
Urania
first
began
to
speak
:
The
rest
themselves
prepar'd
To
heare
with
silence
,
for
but
hers
No
voice
could
then
be
heard
.
She
is
then
received
from
the
heaven
,
either
because
all
nations
and
languages
beneath
the
firmament
,
have
some
learned
amongst
them
;
or
that
such
as
are
furnisht
with
knowledge
,
she
seems
to
attract
and
carry
upwards
;
or
,
to
conclude
,
because
glory
and
wisedome
elevate
and
erect
the
mind
to
the
contemplation
of
things
heavenly
.
Fulgentius
saith
,
That
some
of
the
Greek
authors
have
left
written
,
that
Linus
was
the
son
of
Vrania
;
but
it
is
elsewhere
found
that
she
was
called
Vrania
of
her
father
Vranus
,
otherwise
stil'd
Caelum
,
whom
his
son
Saturn
after
dismembred
.
Xenophon
in
Sympos
.
remembers
,
that
Venus
was
called
Vrania
,
speaking
also
of
Pandemius
:
of
both
their
Temples
and
Altars
,
the
sacrifices
to
Pandemius
were
called
Radiovorgaraera
;
those
to
Venus
Agnotaera
.
Some
as
Lactantius
Placidas
)
call
Helenevae
that
menacing
star
,
Vrania
.
In
a
word
,
that
coelestiall
Musc
called
Astrologia
or
Vrania
,
intimates
nothing
else
,
then
after
mature
judgement
▪
to
deliberate
what
to
speak
,
what
to
despise
;
to
make
election
of
what
is
usefull
and
profitable
,
and
to
cast
off
what
is
frivolous
and
impertinent
,
is
the
adjunct
of
a
mind
coelestiall
,
and
a
wisedome
inculpable
.
M●st
true
there
ore
is
the
sentence
of
Plato
,
who
tels
us
that
Vrania
is
she
that
first
attracts
the
eies
of
our
mind
to
sublime
things
above
,
Calliope
.
THere
are
two
things
in
the
mind
chiefly
predominant
,
Apollo
,
Apollo
the
Muses
,
the
Muses
,
the
Poets
,
the
Poets
inspire
their
interpreters
,
the
interpreters
make
impression
in
the
auditors
.
By
divers
Muses
,
divers
souls
are
enlightned
,
as
it
is
in
Timaeus
,
that
sundry
souls
are
attributed
to
sundry
sphears
.
The
Muse
Calliope
,
is
a
voice
resulting
or
rebounding
from
the
sound
of
the
other
sphears
,
and
of
the
rest
the
most
excellent
,
Calliopeque
&
haec
excellentissima
est
omnium
,
Haec
enim
&
reges
venerandos
comitatur
He
makes
her
the
mother
of
Orpheus
,
and
to
inspire
him
as
Vrania
did
the
Poet
Musaeus
;
Clio
,
Homerus
;
Polyhimnia
,
Pyndarus
;
Erato
,
Sapho
;
Melpomene
,
Thamyras
;
Terpsichore
,
Hesiodus
;
Thalia
,
Virgilius
;
Euterpe
,
Pub.
Ovidius
.
Thus
the
nine
Muses
,
who
have
reference
and
hold
correspondence
with
the
nine
coelestiall
sounds
,
make
one
harmony
and
consent
by
inspiring
nine
illustrious
Poets
;
Amongst
them
Calliope
is
held
to
be
the
most
ancient
.
Ancient
likewise
is
Poesie
,
whose
invention
is
given
to
Calliope
,
as
to
the
Championess
that
defends
the
standard
of
the
Muses
.
Besides
Orpheus
,
some
say
she
had
two
other
sons
,
Ialmus
and
Hymenaeus
▪
of
whom
we
spake
before
.
Hymenaeus
was
beloved
of
Tham●●as
,
who
was
the
first
Poetiser
of
unchast
venery
.
She
is
also
said
to
have
a
sonne
called
Cymothon
,
by
Oeagrus
;
some
also
make
the
Syres
the
daughters
of
Calliope
,
others
of
Melpomene
:
Venus
(
because
Orpheus
the
son
of
Calliope
discovered
Adonis
,
whom
she
had
delivered
to
Proserpina
to
be
six
months
concealed
)
gave
him
to
be
lacerated
and
torn
in
pieces
by
the
Thracian
women
.
But
now
to
search
what
was
chiefly
aim'd
at
by
the
Poets
in
this
Muse
Calliope
:
It
appears
that
by
her
they
apprehended
the
sweetnesse
and
modulation
of
song
,
as
taking
her
denomination
à
bona
voce
,
of
a
good
and
tuneable
cleer
voice
;
therefore
she
is
called
Vox
deae
clamantis
,
The
voice
of
the
calling
goddesse
;
from
which
they
gave
her
the
dominion
over
the
persuasive
art
of
Rhetorick
and
Poetry
.
The
generall
tractate
of
the
Muses
,
aiming
only
at
this
,
That
the
first
thing
requisite
,
is
to
have
a
will
to
knowledge
and
learning
;
the
second
,
to
be
delighted
in
that
will
;
the
third
,
to
be
constant
in
that
we
delight
;
the
fourth
,
to
attain
to
that
in
which
we
are
constant
;
the
fifth
,
to
commemorate
that
which
we
have
attained
;
the
sixt
,
to
make
similitude
and
compare
what
we
have
commemorated
;
the
seventh
,
to
judge
of
those
likes
which
we
have
made
and
compared
;
the
eighth
,
to
make
elections
of
such
things
as
thou
hast
judged
;
the
last
,
eloquently
to
speake
,
and
facundiously
to
delate
of
that
thing
of
which
before
thou
hast
made
election
.
So
much
Fulgentius
.
And
those
no
doubt
that
have
long
and
much
exercised
themselves
in
these
disciplines
,
and
have
been
the
devout
adorers
of
the
Muses
,
the
daughters
of
Jupiter
,
and
practised
themselves
as
well
in
the
gentler
Sciences
as
the
hidden
mysteries
of
Philosophy
,
shall
not
only
by
their
endeavours
attain
to
the
perfection
of
fame
and
glory
,
but
purchase
to
themselves
incredible
joy
,
pleasure
,
content
and
delectation
.
A
word
or
two
of
the
Muses
in
generall
,
and
so
conclude
with
them
.
They
are
held
to
be
the
soules
of
the
Sphears
:
Vrania
of
the
starry
heaven
,
and
of
that
Sphear
which
is
called
Aplanes
;
Polybimnia
of
Saturn
;
Terpsichore
of
Jupiter
;
Clio
,
of
Mars
;
Melpomene
,
of
the
Sunne
;
Erato
,
of
Venus
;
Euterpe
,
of
Mercury
;
Thalia
,
of
Luna
.
These
eight
Muses
are
referred
to
the
eight
tones
of
the
sphears
;
from
all
which
Calliope
,
not
till
now
named
amongst
them
,
ariseth
and
is
begot
:
these
being
neer
to
the
body
that
is
first
moved
,
which
is
said
to
be
next
to
the
seat
of
the
supreme
deity
,
are
said
by
Hesiodus
to
dance
about
the
Altar
of
Jupiter
.
But
because
divers
and
sundry
are
the
studies
of
these
Muses
,
therefore
by
their
influence
the
minds
of
mortall
men
are
inspired
with
sundry
and
divers
delectations
,
which
(
as
the
Pythagoreans
think
)
descend
down
upon
them
from
these
sphears
▪
●hose
,
over
whom
the
Moon
hath
predominance
,
participate
of
the
nature
of
Thalia
,
and
are
therefore
delighted
with
comick
lasciviousnesse
and
wantonnesse
.
Those
whom
the
sphear
of
Saturn
governs
,
or
Polyhimnia
,
being
of
a
drie
and
cold
temperature
,
they
are
wondrous
retentive
in
the
remembrance
of
things
long
past
.
For
the
dispositions
of
the
mind
,
and
constitutions
of
the
body
,
have
a
consonance
to
the
nature
of
that
Planet
under
which
they
were
born
:
therefore
some
are
delighted
with
one
study
,
some
another
,
according
to
the
aspect
of
the
Plane●
.
For
example
,
if
Mercury
be
in
a
good
and
pleasing
aspect
,
he
begets
eloquence
,
facundity
,
and
elegancy
of
speech
,
besides
skill
and
knowledge
in
many
things
,
but
especially
in
the
Mathematicks
:
the
same
being
in
conjunction
with
Jupiter
,
they
are
bred
Philosophers
and
Divines
:
being
join'd
with
Mars
in
his
happy
aspect
,
it
makes
men
skilfull
Physi●ians
and
fortunate
;
but
in
his
bad
aspect
,
such
as
prove
unskilfull
,
unlucky
and
sometimes
theeves
and
robbers
,
which
commonly
happens
when
he
is
scorch'd
with
the
Planet
of
the
Sun
.
Being
in
conjunction
with
Venus
,
thence
proceeds
Musitians
and
Poets
;
join'd
with
Luna
,
wary
Merchants
,
and
diligent
and
thrifty
husbands
;
with
Saturn
,
it
infuseth
men
with
prediction
and
prophesie
.
But
let
this
little
serve
to
illustrate
the
rest
,
so
from
the
Muses
we
come
to
the
Sybils
.
Of
the
Sybils
.
ISiodorus
saith
,
There
were
foure
Sybils
,
Erithraea
,
Samia
,
Aegyptia
,
and
Sardinia
.
Others
to
these
adde
six
more
,
to
make
the
number
ten
:
amongst
which
are
numbred
Cymaea
,
and
Judaea
,
with
the
three
Bacchides
,
one
of
Greece
,
a
second
of
Athens
,
a
third
of
Arcadia
.
It
seems
he
had
forgot
to
reckon
the
tenth
.
Tarquinius
Priscus
,
which
spake
of
the
Roman
succession
,
and
what
should
futurely
betide
them
,
prescribing
them
the
Ceremonies
to
be
used
in
their
sacrifices
;
the
eighth
,
Ellespontiaca
,
who
likewise
prophesied
of
the
wars
of
Troy
;
the
ninth
,
Phrigia
;
the
tenth
and
last
,
Alburnea
,
who
prophesied
many
things
concerning
the
Saviour
of
the
world
.
Johannes
Wyerius
,
in
his
book
De
praestigiis
Daemonum
,
is
to
this
purpose
,
That
the
devill
in
the
theatre
of
this
world
,
might
put
a
face
of
honesty
upon
all
those
Tragedies
which
he
aim'd
to
execute
upon
mankind
,
he
instituted
his
Enthusiastae
and
his
Pythean
Oracles
,
which
were
in
use
almost
amongst
all
nations
,
insomuch
that
their
superstitions
,
and
prophanations
had
crept
in
amongst
the
people
of
God
:
so
that
Moses
made
a
law
,
that
all
those
that
repaired
to
these
jugling
sorcerists
,
should
be
stoned
to
death
.
Amongst
these
are
counted
some
of
the
Sybils
,
though
not
all
,
as
the
hirelings
of
the
devill
,
for
the
conservation
and
confirmation
of
his
Kingdome
:
for
out
of
their
books
the
Romans
were
drawn
into
many
lunacies
and
frenzies
,
as
(
besides
many
other
)
it
is
manifest
in
Zoz●mus
,
who
recites
many
of
ther
verses
full
of
tradition
,
and
superstitions
meerly
unlawfull
,
though
the
two
Sybils
,
Erythraea
and
Cumana
in
heroick
Poems
prophesied
of
Christ
,
and
sung
and
declared
his
praises
:
which
as
some
conjecture
,
they
did
by
the
sight
of
the
prophesies
of
Esaias
and
David
.
These
Oracles
lasted
to
the
comming
of
our
Savior
,
but
then
surceast
through
all
the
parts
of
the
world
.
There
were
also
a
kind
of
sorcerists
,
which
some
call
Lemures
;
the
word
importing
the
spirits
and
ghosts
of
such
as
perisht
before
times
,
or
abortively
,
for
from
such
they
fathered
their
predictions
and
prophesies
.
Of
this
kind
there
were
many
in
Germany
(
as
Wyer●us
relates
)
who
were
of
long
continuance
,
and
such
were
called
Alhae
Mulieres
,
or
the
white
women
,
which
in
their
modern
tongue
,
implies
as
much
as
the
white
Sybils
:
Quae
causa
est
ut
saepe
Dimuli
&
Trimuli
,
&
ubera
lactantes
▪
&c.
i.
What
is
the
reason
that
children
of
two
or
three
years
of
age
,
and
such
as
suck
at
the
breast
should
be
corrupted
by
devils
?
The
Ethnicks
custome
was
to
give
names
to
such
,
according
to
the
diversity
of
their
actions
:
there
were
some
called
Hecataea
,
as
sent
from
Hecate
:
others
by
the
Italians
,
Tolletae
or
Empedusae
.
But
this
may
appeare
a
digression
from
our
Sybils
,
therefore
I
thus
proceed
with
them
.
P●trus
Crinitus
in
his
twentieth
book
De
honesta
disciplina
,
speaking
of
the
Sybils
,
the
Branchi
,
and
the
Delphick
prophetesses
,
alledges
Gellius
,
Firmianus
,
Hieronymus
,
and
other
ancient
writers
,
extracting
from
their
opinion
,
which
way
and
by
what
means
these
Oracles
were
imagined
to
be
possest
with
the
spirit
of
divination
:
These
of
that
order
(
as
Plato
and
Iamblicus
,
have
learnedly
related
)
either
from
the
gods
or
spirits
(
say
they
)
are
inspired
with
that
illumination
,
by
which
they
discern
the
fundamentall
causes
of
things
,
and
can
presage
and
foresee
such
events
as
shall
succeed
.
Iamblic
.
in
his
book
to
Porphyrius
,
saith
thus
,
The
Sybill
of
Delphos
two
severall
waies
conceives
the
spirit
by
which
she
prophesies
,
either
by
a
soft
breath
,
or
else
by
fire
proceeding
from
the
mouth
of
a
certaine
den
or
cave
;
before
the
entrance
of
which
she
seats
her selfe
upon
a
three-footed
or
four-footed
stool
of
brasse
,
in
which
place
the
divine
power
either
by
whispering
in
her
care
,
or
by
some
other
infused
blast
inspired
into
her
,
gives
her
the
facility
of
uttering
her
predictions
.
The
Branchae
sitting
upon
an
axeltree
,
held
in
her
had
a
wand
consecrated
to
some
deity
or
other
,
and
either
washt
her selfe
in
some
sacred
fountain
,
or
received
some
influence
from
the
vapour
of
fire
,
and
by
this
means
were
made
repleat
with
divine
splendour
.
These
Branchae
derive
themselves
from
Branchus
the
son
of
Apollo
,
upon
whom
his
father
bestowed
the
gift
of
divination
;
Phoebus
,
from
Branchus
axeltree
,
His
Prophet
did
inspire
;
Who
with
a
thousand
Ambag●s
Hath
set
the
world
on
fire
.
Colephonius
Zenophanes
hath
denied
,
that
there
can
be
any
divination
at
all
,
but
Democritus
hath
approved
it
:
of
the
same
argument
Chrysippus
hath
writ
two
books
,
one
of
Oracles
,
another
of
Dreams
.
Diogenes
Babylonius
,
publisht
one
De
divinatione
,
Antipater
two
,
Possidonius
five
.
Panaetius
the
scholler
of
Antipater
doubted
whether
there
were
any
beleefe
at
all
to
be
given
to
that
art
or
no
,
Cicero
is
of
opinion
,
that
it
hath
only
power
over
such
things
as
happen
accidentally
or
by
chance
.
Of
divination
there
be
two
sorts
,
one
of
art
,
as
by
the
entrails
of
beasts
,
or
by
casting
of
lots
;
the
other
of
nature
,
as
by
dreams
and
visions
:
in
both
,
the
conjectures
made
by
vaticinations
,
aim
at
more
then
they
can
accomplish
,
and
intend
further
then
they
can
proceed
.
Further
,
this
art
is
by
the
Greeks
called
Mantices
,
that
is
,
the
knowledge
of
things
to
come
;
the
first
inventers
thereof
were
the
Aegyptians
and
the
Chaldeans
,
by
their
observations
of
the
stars
.
The
nations
of
the
Cilici
,
the
Pysidauri
,
and
the
inhabitants
of
Pamphylia
neer
unto
these
,
predicted
by
the
singing
of
birds
.
The
Magi
among
the
Persians
had
many
assemblies
of
purpose
only
to
augurate
and
to
divine
:
but
all
such
are
condemned
of
ignorance
and
want
of
art
,
who
presage
meerly
by
concitation
and
rapture
,
without
the
help
of
reason
and
conjecture
.
Sagire
signifies
to
perceive
acutely
or
sharply
;
therefore
they
are
call'd
Sagaces
that
know
much
:
he
that
is
said
Sagire
,
viz.
to
know
before
things
come
to
passe
,
is
said
Praesagire
,
that
is
,
to
presage
.
It
is
called
Divination
,
when
it
extends
to
a
higher
degree
of
prediction
.
But
when
by
divine
instinct
(
as
in
the
Sybils
)
the
mind
is
as
it
were
transported
and
extasi'd
in
rapture
,
it
is
then
called
Furor
,
or
fury
.
Amongst
the
Ligurians
,
a
people
of
Thrace
,
it
was
a
custome
for
their
Priests
before
they
would
demand
any
thing
from
the
Oracle
,
to
glut
and
gorge
themselves
with
superfluous
excesse
of
wine
:
The
Clarii
contrary
to
these
in
their
superstitions
,
used
to
quaffe
great
quantity
of
water
.
The
Divination
that
was
made
by
water
,
was
called
Hydromantia
:
That
which
was
made
by
an
Axe
or
Hatchet
,
was
stiled
Axinomantia
:
That
which
was
made
by
a
Skin
in
which
water
was
moved
to
and
fro
(
from
whence
a
soft
and
gentle
voice
of
presage
was
heard
to
breath
)
was
called
Leconomantia
:
That
which
did
consist
of
certaine
points
and
marks
fixed
in
the
earth
,
Geomantia
:
That
which
was
gathered
from
Figures
and
imaginary
shapes
shining
in
the
fire
,
Pyromantia
:
The
Divination
by
smoak
,
was
called
Capnomantia
:
That
which
was
derived
from
skipping
shadowes
in
a
mirrour
or
glasse
,
seeming
to
leap
this
way
or
that
,
Capyromantia
:
That
which
was
apprehended
from
Brasse
,
Aromantia
:
that
which
was
begot
from
a
Sive
,
Coschinomantia
:
That
which
came
by
Lots
,
Cleromantia
:
That
which
was
gathered
from
the
Aspect
or
Countenance
,
Physiognomia
:
The
conjecture
by
the
hands
,
Chiromantia
:
That
which
was
collected
from
Batanomantia
:
that
which
was
apprehended
from
a
great
big-bellied
Vessell
into
which
children
were
set
to
look
and
tell
what
they
spi'd
therein
,
Gastromantia
:
It
is
called
Augurium
or
Auguri
,
from
Birds
:
and
Extispicum
,
from
the
intrails
of
Beasts
.
Phavorinus
upon
Gellius
saith
,
that
he
would
have
no
faith
nor
beleefe
at
all
given
unto
these
Divinations
,
arguing
in
this
manner
,
Either
(
saith
he
)
they
must
presage
Prosperity
or
Adversity
,
and
bad
or
good
fortune
:
If
they
promise
good
and
faile
us
,
we
are
made
miserable
in
our
expectation
;
if
prosperity
to
come
,
though
it
happen
in
the
processe
of
time
,
in
the
interim
,
time
spent
in
hope
of
it
,
seems
irksome
and
tedious
;
if
they
prognosticate
Adversities
,
and
lie
,
yet
are
we
made
wretched
in
our
feares
;
if
Miseries
to
come
,
and
lie
not
,
we
are
first
excruciated
in
our
minds
,
before
we
be
once
toucht
by
the
hand
of
Fate
,
and
by
that
means
doubly
suffer
.
Mart-Cappell
.
will
allow
but
two
Sybils
,
namely
,
Symachia
,
and
Herophila
:
yet
our
later
authors
approve
the
number
of
twelve
,
of
which
though
briefly
we
will
speak
in
order
.
Sybilla
Persicae
.
SHe
was
born
in
Persia
,
and
is
said
to
be
the
most
ancient
o●
all
the
rest
,
and
therefore
she
wears
this
character
,
Antiquissima
viticinantium
:
she
is
figured
with
her
hand
crossing
her
breast
,
her
eies
fixt
upward
,
as
one
contemplating
of
divine
things
,
holding
a
book
in
her
hand
open
,
as
if
she
had
been
lately
reading
,
and
now
meditated
what
she
had
read
:
she
prophesied
of
Christ
in
this
manner
,
as
likewise
of
the
seven
ages
.
From
Adam
unto
Noah
as
(
well
appears
)
Were
a
thousand
five
hundred
fifty
and
six
years
,
Amalthaea
and
Marpesia
,
are
the
names
of
Sybils
,
as
Tybullus
accounts
them
in
his
second
book
.
Quicquid
Amalthaea
,
quicquid
Marpesia
dixit
,
Heriphile
Phstbo
grataque
quod
monuit
.
What
Amalthaea
said
,
or
speak
,
Marpesia
was
able
:
Or
what
Heriphile
forewarn'd
,
To
●'hoebus
acceptable
.
Politianus
reckons
up
divers
of
the
Phebaiedes
,
or
Sybils
,
withall
some
men
skilfull
in
divination
,
in
these
verses
,
—
Quod
&
veteres
prompsere
Sybillae
Carmen
Amalthaea
,
&c.
Which
I
thus
interpret
.
The
ancient
Sybils
did
in
numbers
sing
,
Amongst
them
Amalthaea
,
who
did
bring
The
verse
in
use
.
Marpesia
,
rich
infate
:
Herophile
next
her
,
who
doth
translate
Her
birth
from
Ida.
Sabbe
of
known
skill
.
Demo
and
Phigo
,
with
Phaennis
quill
,
Which
writ
all
truth
.
Carmenta
who
was
held
A
Matron
still
:
with
Manto
that
excell'd
.
Pythian
,
Phoemonoe
,
who
thought
it
meet
,
To
make
the
proud
verse
stalke
on
longer
feet
.
Old
Glaucus
daughter
in
this
art
hath
striv'd
To
exceed
the
rest
.
Deiphoebe
long-liv'd
Marcia
,
and
Bacis
Olle
doth
adorn
The
train
(
just
under
the
Trions
born
,
)
Lycus
most
famous
in
the
Attid
land
Rankt
;
the
Dodonian
doves
with
these
must
stand
.
This
Persian
Sybill
is
of
so
long
standing
,
that
it
seems
by
antiquity
she
hath
lost
her
name
,
neither
am
I
willing
further
to
inquire
of
her
then
the
writers
of
the
former
ages
were
desirous
to
leave
recorded
to
posterity
.
Sybilla
Lybica
▪
SHe
is
by
some
called
Phoemonoe
,
a
black
:
this
ever
after
,
better
possest
him
of
the
Oracles
The
first
Oracle
that
was
heard
,
Sybill
Lybica
,
her
prophesies
concerning
Christ
were
somewhat
to
this
purpose
.
A
King
,
a
Priest
,
a
Prophet
,
all
these
three
Shall
meet
in
one
:
sacred
Divinity
Shall
be
to
fl●sh
espous'd
.
Oh
who
can
scan
This
mystery
,
uniting
God
with
man
!
When
this
rare
birth
into
the
world
shall
come
,
He
,
the
great
god
of
Oracles
strikes
dumb
.
Plutarch
in
his
book
Oraculorum
defunctione
relates
this
history
:
Aemilianus
the
Rhetorician
was
the
father
of
Epitherses
,
a
Doctor
in
Grammer
,
and
a
man
of
approved
truth
and
fidelity
;
he
reports
that
in
his
travell
by
sea
towards
Italy
,
he
hapned
into
a
ship
laden
with
Merchants
goods
,
and
full
of
passengers
of
divers
nations
:
In
the
evening
,
being
just
against
the
Echinadae
,
they
sailed
afore
the
wind
,
till
with
an
incertaine
course
they
were
driven
neer
unto
Paxis
,
Epithe●ses
with
many
of
the
other
passengers
being
then
awake
,
a
voice
was
heard
from
the
Island
which
(
to
the
admiration
of
them
all
)
called
upon
the
name
of
one
Thamus
:
this
Thamus
was
in
Aegyptian
,
and
his
name
scarce
known
to
any
in
the
ship
:
twice
he
was
call'd
,
but
answered
not
,
but
at
the
third
summons
breaking
silence
,
these
words
with
a
loud
voice
were
uttered
:
Thamus
,
when
thou
arrivest
at
the
Palodes
,
tell
them
there
that
the
great
Pan
is
dead
,
Epitherses
reported
that
these
words
put
them
into
an
universall
feare
;
diverse
arg●ments
being
held
amongst
them
,
and
it
being
long
disputed
,
Whether
it
were
necessary
that
this
command
should
be
performed
or
omitted
?
But
Thamus
thus
resolved
,
that
if
the
wind
stood
faire
,
he
would
not
alter
his
course
,
but
passe
the
Island
,
but
otherwise
he
would
deliver
the
message
according
as
he
was
injoined
.
Comming
neer
the
Palodes
,
their
sailes
were
on
the
sudden
becalmed
,
for
neither
wind
was
felt
to
blow
,
nor
tide
or
water
perceived
to
move
;
which
he
perceiving
,
turned
himselfe
towards
the
Island
,
and
made
this
loud
acclamation
,
The
great
god
Pan
is
dead
:
which
words
were
no
sooner
uttered
,
but
a
great
intermixture
of
howling
,
yelling
and
mourning
,
was
heard
from
the
Island
,
to
the
infinite
amasement
of
them
all
.
This
was
done
in
the
presence
of
so
many
witnesses
,
that
the
rumor
thereof
spread
so
far
as
Rome
,
even
to
the
ears
of
Tiberius
Caesar
,
by
whom
Thamus
being
sent
for
,
he
related
the
circumstance
in
the
presence
of
the
Emperour
and
many
learned
men
:
all
which
concluded
,
that
this
Pan
before
spoken
of
,
was
the
same
who
was
held
to
be
the
sonne
of
Mercury
and
Pen●lope
.
The
truth
is
,
and
agreed
upon
by
all
approved
authors
,
that
at
the
birth
of
Christ
,
all
Oracle
ceased
,
and
since
that
time
were
never
heard
to
give
answer
unto
any
demand
whatsoever
.
And
thus
I
take
leave
of
the
second
Sybill
,
Phoemonoe
.
Sybilla
Delphica
.
SHe
was
called
Daphne
,
and
said
to
be
the
daughter
of
the
Prophet
Tyresias
;
many
of
whose
verses
,
Homer
is
said
to
assume
to
himselfe
,
and
make
them
his
own
.
She
prophesied
of
the
wars
and
destruction
of
Troy
.
Tyresias
was
King
of
Thebes
,
who
as
some
say
was
struck
blind
,
because
he
unawares
saw
Diana
naked
,
bathing
her selfe
in
a
fountain
.
Of
whom
Ovid
speaks
in
Metamorph.
At
pater
omnipotens
,
&c.
Omnipotent
Jove
did
for
his
losse
of
eies
,
Iaspire
him
with
the
spirit
of
Prophesies
:
Things
future
to
predict
,
which
was
(
I
guesse
)
To
make
his
plague
seem
in
his
honour
lesse
.
Of
him
Statius
likewise
speaks
in
the
second
book
of
his
Thebaiedes
,
Some
think
Daphnis
the
neatherd
,
who
was
the
first
inventer
of
the
Bucolick
verse
,
Stesichorus
Himeraeus
.
But
touching
Daphne
,
thus
Palephatus
in
his
fabulous
Narrations
speaks
of
her
:
Terra
,
or
the
Earth
,
fell
in
love
with
the
flood
Ladon
,
of
their
mutuall
compression
of
Daphne
was
begot
;
of
her
Apollo
grew
inamoured
,
and
laid
daily
siege
to
her
chastity
,
but
she
not
able
to
oppose
his
importunities
,
and
willing
to
preserve
her
virginity
pure
and
without
blemish
,
petitioned
to
her
mother
Earth
,
that
she
would
again
receive
her
(
to
conceale
her
from
the
Sanne
)
into
her
bosome
,
from
whence
she
at
first
proceeded
:
to
whose
request
her
mother
condescended
,
and
kept
her
so
long
,
till
from
her
brest
she
sprung
out
a
Laurell
tree
,
whom
Phoebus
notwithstanding
courted
,
but
in
vaine
.
The
manner
of
her
transportation
,
Ovid
with
great
elegancy
relates
in
his
Metamorph.
An
Angell
shall
descend
and
say
,
Thou
blessed
Mary
haile
;
Thou
shall
conceive
,
bring
forth
,
yet
be
A
virgin
without
faile
.
Three
gifts
the
Chaldaeans
to
thy
sonne
Shall
tender
,
with
much
piety
,
Myrrhe
to
a
Man
,
Gold
to
a
King
,
And
Incense
to
a
Deity
.
Sybilla
Cumaea
.
SHe
was
called
Cimmeria
,
and
was
one
of
Apollo's
Priests
,
born
in
Cuma
,
a
City
of
Aeolia
.
Leonard
Aretine
in
his
book
de
Aquila
volante
,
cals
her
Omeriae
,
and
would
derive
her
from
Italy
.
Let
him
be
surrendred
up
:
which
when
the
men
of
Cuma
heard
,
they
with
a
joint
suffrage
concluded
to
send
him
thence
,
and
to
obey
the
Oracle
.
To
which
decree
,
Aristodicus
the
son
of
Heraclius
,
violently
opposed
himselfe
(
a
man
amongst
the
rest
at
that
time
most
illustrious
)
either
not
giving
credit
at
all
to
the
answer
,
or
distrusting
their
fidelity
that
brought
it
:
therefore
he
himselfe
with
other
of
the
prime
Citizens
,
prepared
themselves
for
a
second
expedition
;
these
repairing
to
the
Branchidae
or
Priests
,
of
which
this
Cumaea
was
one
;
Aristodicus
humbly
kneeling
before
the
Altar
,
thus
bespake
Apollo
,
Pactias
the
Lydian
(
O
King
and
god
)
to
shun
a
violent
death
,
gave
himselfe
into
our
patronage
,
the
Persians
redemand
him
of
the
Cumaeans
;
we
,
though
we
fear
not
their
forces
,
yet
dare
not
surrender
up
a
suppliant
to
death
,
who
hath
tendred
his
safety
into
our
hands
,
till
we
heare
from
thee
what
in
this
distraction
is
most
fit
to
be
done
.
To
these
words
,
the
Priest
as
from
Apollo
,
returned
this
answer
:
Let
Pactias
be
delivered
up
to
the
Persians
.
This
done
,
Aristodicus
it
seems
not
well
pleased
to
betray
the
life
of
his
friend
,
surveying
the
Temple
round
,
he
spi'd
where
sparrows
and
other
small
birds
had
builded
their
nests
,
who
taking
away
their
young
was
about
to
depart
the
Temple
;
when
instantly
was
heard
from
the
Altar
,
the
sound
of
a
voice
thus
speaking
;
Oh
thou
most
wicked
of
men
,
what
arrogant
boldnesse
hath
so
far
possest
thee
,
that
thou
presumest
to
take
hence
my
supplyants
,
and
such
as
I
have
taken
to
my
protection
?
at
which
words
Aristodicus
returning
,
made
this
free
and
bold
answer
,
Dost
thou
(
O
King
)
succour
and
protect
thy
supplyants
,
and
commandest
us
to
betray
the
life
of
Pactyas
to
the
Persians
?
Some
have
cavilled
with
these
Oracles
,
that
their
verses
have
been
harsh
,
and
not
in
smoothnesse
of
stile
or
elegancie
or
phrase
to
be
compared
with
those
of
Hesiod
or
Homer
:
to
which
may
be
answered
,
We
are
sick
with
the
disease
of
the
eare
and
the
eie
;
let
us
not
blame
a
Pythian
Prophetesse
,
because
she
sings
not
so
sweetly
as
Glauce
the
minstrel
,
nor
appears
in
her
hair
perfumed
with
pretious
unguents
,
and
her selfe
jetting
in
Tyrian
purple
;
when
the
Sybill
utters
her
divinations
with
a
troubled
brame
,
and
a
distracted
countenance
,
her
words
harsh
and
unpleasant
,
as
not
relishing
laughter
,
delight
,
or
ornament
;
for
such
things
are
least
pleasing
to
us
in
shew
that
are
most
beneficiall
to
us
in
proof
,
Voluptatem
enim
,
non
admittit
quod
integrum
&
castum
,
That
admits
no
pleasure
which
of
it self
is
perfect
and
chast
.
Besides
,
these
were
answers
to
be
leasurely
writ
,
not
suddenly
spoke
;
studied
with
long
meditation
,
and
not
extemporall
;
it
is
probable
,
that
they
in
sweetnesse
and
smoothnesse
might
equall
if
not
exceed
the
facundity
of
the
former
:
neither
is
it
the
sound
,
the
voice
,
the
language
,
or
the
number
or
meeter
of
the
god
himselfe
,
but
of
a
woman
,
and
she
too
extasi'd
in
spirit
,
and
ravisht
with
a
divine
fury
.
These
shall
suffice
for
Sybilla
Cumaea
,
I
will
only
conclude
with
her
prophesie
.
The
ancient
of
daies
,
shall
then
submit
to
time
,
The
Maker
yield
himselfe
to
new
creation
:
The
deity
and
Godhead
most
sublime
,
Take
shape
of
man
to
ransome
every
nation
:
Die
,
to
make
others
live
,
and
every
crime
Committed
,
from
the
round
worlds
first
foundation
Take
on
himselfe
:
as
low
as
Hell
descending
To
win
man
Heaven
,
upon
his
grace
depending
.
Sybilla
Samia
.
SHe
is
called
Erophile
or
Hierophile
,
Simon
Grinaeus
in
his
annotations
upon
Justin
,
thus
saith
,
That
this
continent
was
called
Samothracia
,
because
it
buts
so
neer
Thracia
;
in
that
place
was
Pythagoras
the
Philosopher
born
,
with
one
of
the
Sybils
,
stiled
Samia
.
The
Island
is
dedicated
to
Juno
,
because
as
they
believe
,
there
Juno
was
born
,
brought
up
,
and
espoused
unto
Jupiter
Heraclides
in
P●litus
saith
,
That
it
was
first
a
solitude
or
desert
,
only
inhabited
by
wild
beasts
,
amongst
which
were
the
Neides
first
seen
in
that
wildernesse
.
It
was
once
called
Partheni●
,
after
that
Driuse
;
there
Ancaeus
raigned
,
of
whom
came
the
Proverb
first
,
Multa
cadunt
inter
&c.
Many
things
fall
between
the
cup
and
the
lip
.
In
this
Island
have
been
seen
white
Swallows
,
as
big
in
body
as
a
Partridge
.
In
this
place
flourisht
Aesop
,
where
he
first
publisht
his
Fables
;
and
Theagines
Samius
,
after
,
the
scholer
of
Euripides
.
Plut.
in
Quaest.
Graecis
,
relates
,
that
when
any
sacrifice
was
offered
to
Mercurius
Charidota
(
which
is
as
much
as
to
say
,
Munificent
)
it
was
lawfull
for
any
to
steale
and
catch
away
each
others
garments
:
because
that
having
by
the
command
of
the
Oracle
left
their
own
countrie
,
and
were
forced
by
shifting
into
Micale
,
there
to
live
by
rapine
and
theft
;
that
time
being
expired
,
and
at
their
return
,
by
vanquishing
their
enemies
,
being
possest
of
their
own
inheritance
,
in
remembrance
of
their
former
confinement
,
they
have
observed
that
custome
.
Of
this
Sybils
particular
actions
,
much
hath
not
been
commended
to
posterity
;
only
of
her
person
,
that
such
a
one
there
was
;
and
of
her
prophesie
,
which
was
thought
to
be
this
;
The
world
shall
to
six
thousand
years
aspire
,
By
water
once
,
but
then
destroi'd
by
fire
:
The
first
two
thousand
void
:
the
next
,
the
Law
;
The
fast
two
,
under
the
Messias
awe
.
And
as
repose
by
Sabbath
is
exprest
,
Sun
,
Moon
,
and
Stars
,
all
things
shall
then
have
rest
.
It
is
likely
,
and
may
be
conjectured
,
that
she
came
to
the
light
of
Elias
prophesies
,
for
in
the
like
manner
he
distributed
the
world
,
divining
of
the
continuance
of
mankind
,
and
the
change
of
times
;
the
first
two
thousand
yeares
he
call
Tempus
inane
,
which
may
be
thus
interpreted
,
because
the
many
regions
of
the
earth
were
not
fully
inhabited
,
Babylon
not
yet
built
,
and
divers
spatious
Provinces
undiscover'd
;
or
else
because
the
politick
estate
of
the
Church
was
not
yet
visibly
established
,
and
separated
from
other
nations
:
For
then
were
no
Empires
extant
,
which
after
were
apparant
in
the
Monarchies
.
Yet
doubtlesse
it
is
,
that
the
first
age
was
the
golden
and
most
flourishing
;
because
the
nature
of
man
was
then
most
potent
and
vigorous
,
as
may
appeare
by
their
longevity
,
living
so
many
hundred
years
;
moreover
,
it
bred
many
wise
old
men
,
full
of
the
divine
light
,
that
spake
of
God
,
of
the
Creation
,
and
were
witnesse
of
the
Arts
and
Sciences
.
The
second
time
was
numbred
from
the
Circumcision
to
Christs
comming
in
the
flesh
,
and
being
born
of
a
Virgin
;
which
conteins
little
lesse
than
two
thousand
years
,
and
that
is
under
the
Law
.
The
third
time
,
if
it
reach
not
to
the
full
number
to
equall
the
former
,
it
is
for
our
sins
,
which
are
many
and
great
,
for
which
mankind
shall
be
the
sooner
destroi'd
,
and
Christ
for
his
elect
sake
will
hasten
his
judgement
.
Sybilla
Cumana
.
SHe
was
likewise
called
Amalthaea
.
Cleostratus
Tenedius
first
observed
.
Musaeus
reports
otherwise
,
That
Athemides
and
Amalthaea
were
two
nurses
,
to
whom
the
charge
of
Jupiters
infancy
was
committed
,
both
beautifull
Nymphs
:
Amalthaea
having
a
goat
whom
she
much
loved
,
and
with
whose
milk
she
brought
him
up
.
Palepbatus
in
his
fabulous
narrations
,
Amalthaea
Cumana
:
This
was
she
by
whose
conduct
Aeneas
had
free
passage
into
hell
,
as
Virgil
expresseth
at
large
in
his
sixth
book
.
She
brought
to
Tarquinius
Priscus
,
Vale.
Max.
lib.
8.
cap.
de
Sen.
those
three
books
of
Prophesies
,
of
which
two
were
burnt
,
and
one
preserved
.
By
which
computation
comparing
the
time
betwixt
Aeneas
and
Tarquin
,
she
could
live
no
lesse
then
five
hundred
years
;
nor
is
it
altogether
incredible
,
since
when
Livia
,
the
daughter
of
Rutilius
,
Terentia
of
M.
Cicero
,
and
Clodia
of
Aulus
,
the
first
lived
ninety
seven
yeares
;
the
second
,
a
hundred
and
thirty
;
the
third
,
a
hundred
and
fifteen
,
after
the
bearing
of
fifteen
children
.
Gorgias
Leontius
(
the
tutor
of
Isocrates
,
and
many
other
learned
men
)
in
the
hundred
and
seventh
year
of
his
age
,
being
asked
,
Why
he
desired
to
live
any
longer
?
answered
,
Because
he
felt
nothing
in
his
body
,
by
which
to
accuse
age
.
Herodotus
,
Pliny
,
Cicero
,
and
others
,
speak
of
one
Arganthonius
Gaditanus
,
who
raigned
fourscore
yeares
,
being
sixty
yeares
of
age
before
he
came
to
his
crown
.
Solinus
and
Ctesias
with
others
,
averre
,
that
amongst
the
Aethiopians
a
hundred
and
thirty
years
is
but
a
common
age
,
and
many
arrive
unto
it
.
Hellanicus
testates
that
the
Epians
,
a
people
of
Aetolia
,
attained
to
two
hundred
;
whom
Damiales
exceeds
,
naming
one
Littorius
that
reached
to
three
hundred
;
the
like
we
read
of
Nestor
.
I
will
conclude
with
Dondones
,
whom
Pliny
affirms
survived
five
hundred
years
,
yet
never
stooped
with
age
.
More
liberally
speaks
Zenophon
,
who
bestowes
on
one
of
the
Latine
Kings
,
eight
hundred
,
and
six
hundred
upon
his
father
:
but
I
will
forbear
further
to
speak
of
her
age
,
and
come
to
her
Oracle
.
Vnto
the
Assyrian
Monarchy
we
assigne
One
thousand
yeares
,
[
*
](A43596-e44190-b)
*
It
ended
in
Sardana
.
who
burnt
himselfe
,
his
concubines
and
jewels
.
end
in
●i●e
.
Thence
to
the
Meads
it
transmigrates
,
and
they
Shall
in
nine
full
successions
beare
chiefe
sway
:
Three
hundred
years
shall
memorise
their
deeds
,
Wanting
just
eight
.
After
the
death
of
Alexander
,
the
Kingdome
of
Macedonia
was
successively
injoied
by
fifteen
Kings
,
and
indured
a
hundred
fifty
seven
years
,
and
eight
months
.
Asia
and
Syria
were
governed
by
nineteen
Kings
,
and
lasted
two
hundred
eighty
nine
years
.
Egypt
was
possest
by
ten
Ptolomies
,
and
lastly
,
by
Cleopatra
;
and
it
continued
two
hundred
eighty
eight
years
.
These
Kingdomes
failing
,
the
Romans
gained
the
chiefe
predominance
.
Of
this
Sybill
S.
Isiodore
,
Virgil
and
Ovid
writ
more
at
large
;
she
writ
her
Prophesie
in
leaves
of
trees
,
and
then
plac'd
them
over
the
Altar
,
which
when
the
wind
moved
or
made
to
shake
,
they
had
no
efficacy
,
but
when
they
remained
firm
and
without
motion
,
they
received
their
full
power
and
vertue
;
therefore
Dante
the
famous
Italian
Poet
thus
writes
;
Come
la
neve
al
sole
se
distilla
,
Cosi
,
al
vento
nelle
soglie
leve
,
Si
perdea
la
sententia
de
Sybille
.
I
cannot
here
pretermit
Ovids
expression
of
this
Sybill
;
who
when
Aeneas
(
having
received
from
her
that
great
curtesie
to
enter
Hell
,
and
to
come
safe
thence
,
and
for
that
would
have
sacrificed
to
her
,
and
done
her
divine
adoration
)
she
thus
answered
him
.
Nec
dea
sum
dixit
,
nec
sacri
thuris
honore
,
&c.
I
am
no
goddesse
(
goddesse
sonne
)
't
is
true
,
Nor
are
these
divine
honours
to
me
due
:
I
had
been
such
,
and
darknesse
not
have
seen
,
Had
I
a
prostitute
to
Phoebus
been
.
For
whilst
he
courts
my
love
,
and
day
by
day
Hopes
with
large
gifts
,
mine
honour
to
betray
;
Ask
what
thou
wilt
,
oh
bright
Cumaean
maid
,
It
shall
be
granted
thee
,
Apollo
said
.
I●
willing
that
my
daies
should
ever
last
,
Prostrate
upon
the
earth
,
my selfe
I
cast
,
And
graspt
as
much
dust
as
my
hand
could
hold
;
Let
me
then
live
(
said
I
)
till
I
have
told
So
many
years
as
there
are
bodies
small
Lockt
in
this
hand
.
The
god
could
not
recall
,
Nor
I
unsay
;
I
had
forgot
in
truth
,
To
insert
in
my
rash
boon
,
All
,
years
of
youth
.
Even
that
too
,
to
have
yielded
to
his
will
,
I
might
have
had
:
but
I
a
virgin
still
Have
to
this
houre
remain'd
,
my
happier
daies
Are
all
forespent
,
Decrepit
age
now
laies
His
weak
hand
on
me
,
which
I
must
endure
Long
time
to
come
:
seven
ages
I
am
sure
Are
past
,
nor
shall
my
thread
of
life
be
spun
,
Vntill
the
number
of
these
sands
be
run
.
The
houre
shall
be
,
when
this
my
body
here
,
Shall
small
or
nothing
to
the
sight
appear
,
(
This
,
time
and
age
have
power
to
doe
)
and
when
I
shall
not
lovely
seem
as
I
did
then
;
Nay
(
doubtlesse
)
Phoebus
will
himselfe
deny
That
e'r
he
cast
on
me
an
amorous
eie
.
Save
by
my
voice
,
I
shall
no
more
be
known
,
But
that
the
fates
have
left
me
as
mine
own
.
Ovid
hath
fabulated
,
that
she
was
changed
into
a
Voice
,
the
word
Sybilla
importing
Vox
.
She
prophesied
much
of
the
Roman
wars
,
and
the
successe
of
their
Empire
.
Sybilla
Hellespontica
.
SHe
hath
the
denomination
of
Marrinensis
,
and
as
most
Authors
affirme
,
derives
her selfe
Ex
agro
Trojano
,
from
Troy
in
Asia
.
She
sung
of
the
wars
betwixt
the
Trojans
and
the
Greeks
.
I
will
be
briefe
with
her
,
because
I
fear
I
have
been
too
tedious
in
the
former
;
her
Prophesie
of
Christ
,
I
have
included
in
these
few
lines
.
When
Atlas
shoulders
shall
support
a
star
,
Whose
ponderous
weight
he
never
felt
before
,
The
splendour
of
it
shall
direct
from
far
,
Kings
,
and
Wise
men
,
a
new
light
to
adore
,
Peace
in
those
daies
shall
flourish
,
and
stern
war
Be
banisht
earth
,
lost
mankind
to
restore
.
Then
shall
the
Eastern
Monarchs
presents
bring
,
To
one
,
a
Priest
,
a
Prophet
,
and
a
King
▪
And
so
much
for
Sybilla
Hellespontica
.
Sybilla
Phrygia
.
SHe
was
called
Vates
Ancirrae
,
and
as
most
will
have
it
,
this
was
Cassandra
the
daughter
of
King
Priamus
and
Hecuba
:
their
female
issue
are
thus
numbred
,
Creusa
,
Cassandra
,
Ilione
,
Laodice
,
Lycaste
,
Medesicastis
,
Polixena
,
Climene
,
Aristomache
,
Xenodice
,
Deimone
,
Metioche
,
Pisis
,
Cleodice
,
and
Medusa
.
Amongst
which
,
she
only
attained
to
the
spirit
of
Prophesie
,
and
predicted
of
the
destruction
of
Troy
;
but
her
Augurie
was
never
credited
.
Apollodorus
,
as
also
Higinus
gives
this
reason
:
Apollo
inflamed
with
her
beauty
,
promised
if
she
would
prostitute
her selfe
to
his
pleasure
,
he
would
inspire
her
with
the
spirit
of
Divination
,
which
he
accordingly
performed
;
but
she
failing
in
her
promise
to
him
,
he
in
revenge
of
that
injury
,
caused
that
her
Prophesies
,
howsoever
true
,
should
never
have
credit
;
which
makes
her
in
her
divination
thus
complain
:
The
world
to
Troy
I
fitly
may
compare
,
Erected
first
by
Neptune
and
the
Sunne
:
These
two
,
the
aptest
Hieroglyphicks
are
,
For
water
,
and
for
fire
.
The
buildings
done
,
Laomedon
,
their
right
the
gods
denies
;
For
which
,
by
water
Troy
was
first
destroi'd
:
So
was
the
world
for
mans
false
perjuries
,
In
the
great
Deluge
,
where
but
eight
enjoi'd
The
benefit
of
life
.
Troy
happy
were
,
If
it
by
water
could
forewarned
be
;
So
were
the
world
:
but
oh
,
too
much
I
feare
,
In
their
like
fatall
ruin
they
agree
.
Troy
must
be
burnt
to
ashes
(
woe
the
while
)
My
mother
in
her
womb
conceiv'd
a
brand
,
To
give
it
flame
:
he
that
shall
many
a
mile
Travell
by
water
,
to
bring
fire
to
land
.
Lust
is
the
fuell
:
Lust
and
other
sinnes
,
Are
the
combustible
stuffe
,
will
bring
to
naught
The
worlds
great
fabrick
,
since
from
them
begins
All
desolation
,
first
to
mankind
brought
.
The
world
like
Troy
must
burn
;
they
both
before
Suffered
by
water
,
so
they
must
by
fire
.
We
Prophesie
these
things
;
what
can
we
more
?
But
after
our
predictions
,
none
inquire
,
Vnlesse
in
scorn
.
This
doth
Cassandra
grieve
,
To
speak
all
truth
,
when
none
will
truth
beleeve
.
The
better
to
illustrate
this
Oracle
,
know
that
Laomedon
,
about
to
build
the
wals
of
Troy
,
borrowed
much
coine
of
the
Priests
of
Neptune
and
Phoebus
to
accomplish
the
work
,
upon
promise
of
due
paiment
when
the
wals
were
finished
:
But
breaking
his
faith
,
and
denying
●estitution
of
those
sums
lent
,
the
gods
inraged
at
his
perjury
,
Neptune
brought
up
his
wave
so
high
,
that
he
in
a
deluge
utterly
destroi'd
the
City
;
whilst
Apollo
by
the
scorching
of
his
beams
made
the
upper
Countries
barren
.
For
the
burning
of
Troy
,
it
hapned
after
the
ten
years
siege
;
elaborately
described
by
Virgil
in
his
Aen●idos
,
when
Aeneas
discourses
the
whole
desolation
of
the
City
to
Dido
:
in
which
he
speaks
of
the
Prince
Chorebus
to
be
much
inamoured
of
Cassandra
,
who
rescued
her
when
she
was
dragg'd
by
the
haire
from
Apollo's
Altar
,
and
was
slain
in
the
attempt
.
The
death
of
Cassardia
is
thus
reported
by
Higinus
in
Fabulus
:
when
the
spoiles
and
prisoners
of
Troy
were
divided
amongst
the
Princes
of
of
Greece
,
Cassandra
fell
by
lot
to
the
Arch-Duke
and
Generall
,
Agamemnon
,
with
whom
he
safely
arrived
in
Mycene
,
of
which
place
he
was
King
and
governour
.
But
Clitemnestra
,
the
daughter
of
Tindarus
,
sister
to
Hellen
,
and
wife
to
Agamemnon
,
being
before
their
landing
possest
by
O●aces
(
or
as
some
call
him
Cethus
)
the
brother
of
Palamedes
,
that
Cassandra
was
the
prostitute
of
Agamemnon
,
and
had
supplanted
her
from
his
love
(
which
lie
he
had
forged
,
to
be
revenged
of
the
Generall
,
for
his
brothers
death
before
Troy
:
)
Clitemnestra
therefore
surprized
with
jealousie
,
complotted
with
Aegistus
the
son
of
Thiestas
,
to
murder
them
both
the
first
might
they
lodged
in
the
Pallace
,
which
was
accordingly
performed
;
but
Electra
the
daughter
of
Agamemnon
,
stole
thence
her
brother
Or●stes
,
then
but
an
infant
(
who
else
had
perished
with
his
father
)
and
conveied
him
to
be
safe
kept
to
one
Sthophius
of
Phocis
,
who
had
before
been
married
to
Astichaa
the
sister
of
Agamemnon
;
he
brought
him
up
to
manhood
,
till
Orestes
found
fit
opportunity
to
revenge
himself
on
the
two
Regicides
,
his
mother
and
Aegistus
.
Sybilla
Europaea
.
SHe
is
said
to
be
Incertae
patriae
,
as
no
man
knowing
from
what
particular
region
to
derive
her
,
and
therefore
is
known
by
no
particular
name
,
nor
by
the
ancient
Historiographers
numbred
amongst
the
ten
:
only
amongst
the
twelve
she
hath
the
place
,
as
may
appeare
by
this
her
Prophesie
,
When
the
great
King
of
all
the
world
shall
have
No
place
on
Earth
,
by
which
he
can
be
known
;
When
he
that
comes
all
mortall
men
to
save
,
Shall
find
his
own
life
by
the
world
o'rthrown
:
When
the
most
just
,
injustice
shall
deprave
,
And
the
great
judge
be
judged
by
his
own
;
"
Death
when
to
death
a
death
by
death
hath
given
,
"
Then
shall
be
op'd
the
long
shut
gates
of
Heaven
.
Sybilla
Tiburlina
.
IT
seems
she
derives
her selfe
from
the
River
Tyber
;
she
is
otherwise
called
Albunaea
,
of
the
City
Alba
,
(
which
was
erected
before
Rome
)
as
also
Italica
,
and
by
some
,
Alburnaea
.
It
is
reported
that
the
Romans
(
going
about
to
deifie
Augustus
Caesar
)
demanded
advise
of
this
Sybill
,
who
after
three
daies
fast
,
standing
before
the
Altar
,
where
the
Emperour
himselfe
was
then
present
,
after
many
hidden
words
miraculously
spoken
concerning
Christ
,
upon
the
sudden
,
Heaven
opened
,
and
Caesar
saw
a
beautifull
virgin
standing
before
the
Altar
,
who
held
in
her
arms
as
lovely
an
infant
;
at
this
apparition
Caesar
affrighted
,
fell
on
his
face
:
at
which
instant
was
heard
a
voice
as
from
Heaven
,
saying
,
This
is
the
Altar
of
the
son
of
God
.
In
which
place
was
after
built
a
Temple
dedicated
to
the
Virgin
Mary
,
and
called
Ara
Coeli
.
i.
The
Altar
of
Heaven
.
This
Polycronicon
affirms
,
and
for
the
truth
thereof
citeth
Saint
Augustine
,
lib.
18.
cap.
24.
There
is
little
more
remembred
of
her
life
,
saving
that
in
her
books
she
prophesied
of
the
comming
of
the
Saviour
of
the
world
,
much
after
this
manner
:
Seven
wonders
of
the
world
have
been
proclaimed
,
But
yet
a
greater
then
these
are
,
not
named
.
The
Egyptians
high
Pyramides
,
Of
these
wonders
briefly
,
Chares
Lindius
,
the
scholler
of
Licippus
.
7.
The
image
of
Jupiter
,
to
which
some
equall
the
Pallace
of
Cyrus
King
of
the
Meads
,
built
by
Memnon
,
the
stones
of
which
were
cemented
together
with
gold
.
But
I
leave
further
to
speake
of
these
,
and
proceed
to
the
next
Sybill
.
Sybilla
Aegyptia
.
SHe
was
called
Agrippa
,
not
numbred
amongst
the
ten
,
out
hath
place
among
the
Twelve
,
she
prophesied
upon
the
number
of
Three
,
and
on
this
manner
;
Sacred's
the
number
Three
(
as
Sybils
tell
)
Betwixt
three
brothers
,
the
Heaven
,
Sea
,
and
Hell
,
Were
cast
by
lot
.
The
Earth
,
as
all
men
write
,
In
their
divisions
,
is
called
Tripartite
.
Jove
,
three
waies
striking
,
hath
his
Trisulc
Thunder
,
Neptune's
allow'd
his
T●ident
,
to
keep
under
The
mutinous
waves
.
Three
fatall
sisters
spin
Our
thread
of
life
.
Three
Judges
punish
sin
.
Even
monsters
are
described
so
,
Geryon
weares
Three
heads
;
Grim
Cerberus
as
many
bears
.
Sphinx
hath
three
shapes
,
of
Bird
,
of
Beast
,
of
Maid
,
All
three
,
in
wings
,
in
feet
,
in
face
,
displai'd
.
Chimaera
is
Triform'd
;
the
monstrous
creature
Scilla
's
of
dogs
,
fish
,
and
a
womans
feature
.
The
Erynnaes
,
Harpyes
,
Gorgons
,
three-fold
all
The
Sybils
[
*
](A43596-e47340-b)
*
As
divining
three
sundry
waies
.
Trifatidicae
we
call
,
Divining
from
the
Tripos
.
Orpheus
Lyre
Sings
,
that
't
was
made
of
water
,
earth
,
and
fire
:
Three
Charites
,
three
Fates
,
three
Syrens
be
.
Number
the
Muses
,
they
are
three
times
three
.
She
's
triple
Hecat's
call'd
.
Diana
stil'd
Trivia
.
The
ground
of
Musick
was
compil'd
But
on
three
cords
at
first
,
and
still
exprest
By
voice
,
by
hand
,
by
breath
.
In
the
[
*
](A43596-e47540-b)
*
Meant
naturall
Philosophy
.
Physicks
rest
Three
Principles
,
God
,
World
,
and
Creature
fram'd
.
Creator
,
Parent
,
Issue
,
these
are
nam'd
In
all
production
.
Into
Three
we
cast
Mans
age
;
two
legs
,
next
three
,
then
foure
at
last
.
Physitians
three
things
to
observe
are
sure
,
First
to
preserve
,
prevent
,
and
then
to
cure
,
Three
governments
are
famous
in
Romes
state
,
That
of
the
Tribunes
and
Triumvirate
.
Three
sorts
of
people
they
distinguish
can
;
The
Senate
,
Souldier
,
and
the
common
Man
,
In
the
taking
height
of
stars
,
w'
observe
these
Three
,
First
Distance
,
then
the
Form
,
next
Quality
.
"
But
which
of
us
observes
that
sacred
Trine
,
"
Three
persons
in
one
Godhead
sole
divine
.
"
That
individuall
essence
who
dares
scan
,
"
Which
is
,
shall
be
,
and
ere
the
world
began
,
"
Was
in
eternity
?
When
of
these
Three
,
"
One
of
that
most
inscrutable
Trinity
,
"
The
second
person
,
Wisedome
,
shall
intombe
"
All
majesty
within
a
Virgins
wombe
.
"
True
Man
,
true
God
,
still
to
that
blest
Trine
linckt
,
"
True
light
shall
shine
,
and
false
stars
be
extinct
.
Sybilla
Erythraea
,
SHe
is
the
twelfth
and
last
,
born
in
Babylon
,
of
the
Assy●ian
nation
,
and
daughter
to
Berosus
a
famous
Astrologian
.
She
writ
in
Greek
a
book
called
Vasillogra
,
which
some
interpret
,
Penalis
Scriptura
,
which
,
as
Eugenius
in
his
Res
de
Sicilia
testates
,
was
transferred
into
Latin
.
She
prophesied
of
all
the
Greeks
that
came
to
the
siege
of
Troy
,
designed
the
places
whence
,
and
how
long
they
should
continue
there
.
In
those
books
she
spake
of
Homer
,
and
that
he
should
write
of
those
wars
partially
,
according
to
his
affection
,
and
not
truth
.
In
the
same
volume
she
prophesied
of
Christ
after
this
manner
;
The
times
by
the
great
Oracle
assign'd
,
When
God
himselfe
,
in
pitie
of
mankind
,
Shall
from
the
Heav'n
descend
and
be
incarnate
,
Entring
the
world
a
lamb
immaculate
;
And
as
himselfe
,
in
wisedome
thinks
it
meet
,
Walke
in
the
earth
on
three
and
thirty
feet
,
And
wit●
six
fingers
;
all
his
subjects
then
Though
a
King
mighty
,
shall
be
fisher
men
,
In
number
twelve
;
with
these
,
war
shall
be
tride
Against
the
devill
,
world
,
and
flesh
;
their
pride
,
Humility
shall
quell
,
and
the
sharp
sword
With
which
they
fight
,
shall
be
the
sacred
Word
,
Establisht
upon
Peter
,
which
foundation
Once
laid
,
shall
be
divulg'd
to
every
Nation
.
The
onely
difficulty
in
this
prophesie
is
Trenta
tre
piede
,
which
signifies
thirty
three
year
,
sand
Mese
dito
,
six
fingers
,
intimating
the
time
of
six
months
.
And
thus
I
take
leave
of
the
Sybils
.
Of
the
Virgins
Vestals
.
FEnestella
in
his
book
entituled
de
Sacerdotiis
Romanis
proposeth
Numa
Pompilius
to
be
the
first
that
devised
the
form
of
this
Vestall
adoration
;
—
Vestamque
potentem
.
Aeternumque
aditis
adsert
penetralibus
ignem
.
To
this
goddesse
Vesta
(
whom
some
call
the
earth
,
others
the
Mother
of
the
gods
Fire
perpetually
burning
was
consecrated
;
and
to
this
observation
and
custome
,
certaine
Virgins
pickt
out
of
the
noblest
families
were
chosen
,
as
directors
and
chiefe
overseers
of
that
Order
;
by
whose
negligence
if
by
chance
at
any
time
that
sacred
fire
was
extinguished
,
their
judgement
was
to
be
beaten
to
death
with
strokes
,
by
the
hand
of
the
chiefe
Priest
or
Flamin
.
Valerius
Maximus
reports
,
that
the
same
judgement
was
executed
upon
the
same
negligence
,
by
P.
Licinius
Crassus
,
then
in
the
high
Priesthood
.
All
such
as
were
found
guilty
of
incest
,
were
condemned
to
be
buried
alive
:
nor
was
it
lawfull
(
as
Labeo
Antistius
writes
)
for
any
under
six
years
,
or
above
ten
,
to
be
admitted
into
that
service
;
besides
,
she
must
not
be
the
only
child
of
her
father
and
mother
,
neither
must
she
have
a
lisping
or
stammering
tongue
,
be
deaf
of
her
eares
,
nor
marked
with
any
blemish
about
her
body
;
neither
such
an
one
whose
parents
,
one
or
both
,
have
lived
in
servitude
,
or
have
been
conversant
in
any
base
offices
;
neither
such
a
one
whose
sister
hath
been
elected
into
the
Priesthood
:
all
these
are
excused
from
the
service
of
Vesta
;
neither
she
whose
father
is
a
Flamin
,
a
South-saier
,
or
one
of
the
Decemviri
in
the
sacrifices
,
or
of
the
Septemvirate
in
the
banquets
.
There
is
likewise
a
dispensation
with
the
daughters
of
Kings
,
and
Priests
,
as
uncapable
of
this
ministery
:
neither
can
that
mans
child
be
admitted
that
hath
not
a
known
house
and
an
abiding
place
in
Italy
,
for
so
Capito
Atteius
writes
:
so
likewise
the
children
of
all
such
as
are
restrained
,
as
have
the
number
of
Three
,
or
more
.
By
the
edict
of
the
Praetor
,
that
no
Virgin
Vestall
or
Dialis
which
belongs
to
the
sacrifices
of
Jupiter
shall
be
compelled
to
any
thing
;
these
be
the
words
of
the
Praetor
by
the
mouth
of
the
crier
:
Through
all
my
jurisdiction
I
will
not
urge
or
force
an
oath
from
the
Vestall
Virgins
,
nor
from
the
Flamin
Dialis
:
in
the
chusing
of
the
Vestall
these
things
were
observed
.
There
is
a
caution
by
the
law
called
Lex
Papia
,
That
by
the
approbation
of
the
chiefe
Priest
,
and
by
his
speciall
appointment
,
twenty
virgins
were
selected
out
of
the
people
;
but
this
ordinance
with
many
other
,
were
abrogated
and
abolisht
by
Time
,
insomuch
that
it
was
sufficient
,
if
any
of
free
parents
and
honestly
descended
,
petitioned
or
made
means
to
the
high
Priest
,
she
might
without
more
difficulty
enter
her
oath
,
and
be
admitted
into
the
sacred
order
;
being
received
by
him
as
one
snatcht
and
taken
violently
from
the
hands
of
her
enemies
.
The
words
he
used
were
these
,
This
vestall
Priest
,
whom
I
enter
into
this
holy
office
,
according
to
the
institution
of
the
best
law
,
I
receive
by
the
name
of
Amata
,
to
make
her
intercessions
for
the
Nobility
and
people
of
Rome
.
It
was
a
custome
to
admit
them
all
by
the
name
of
Amata
,
because
she
that
was
first
chosen
by
King
Numa
was
so
called
;
and
with
these
Ceremonies
she
was
as
it
were
hurried
to
the
Temple
of
Vesta
.
In
Labeons
commentaries
it
is
thus
found
recorded
,
The
Vestall
virgin
is
incapable
to
be
made
heire
of
any
man
or
woman
that
dies
intestate
;
her
goods
likewise
after
her
death
return
to
the
common
treasury
.
Pomponius
Laetus
in
his
book
de
Sacerdotiis
,
agrees
with
Fenestella
,
That
Aen●as
first
brought
the
Vestall
fire
from
Troy
into
Italy
;
and
Lavinium
being
built
he
there
erected
a
Temple
to
her
honour
.
After
this
,
Ascanius
consecrated
another
in
a
part
of
the
hill
Alba
;
beneath
which
,
or
at
the
foot
thereof
,
was
a
thick
grove
,
in
which
Mars
vitiated
Illia
the
mother
of
Romulus
.
These
Ministers
of
Vesta
were
tied
to
an
oath
of
perpetuall
viginity
;
for
it
was
a
custome
among
the
Latines
,
to
make
choice
of
the
most
noble
and
chast
virgins
.
After
many
years
Romulus
devised
all
the
chast
ceremonies
belonging
to
that
Order
;
and
as
Varro
declares
to
us
,
created
threescore
Priests
to
those
publick
services
,
selected
by
their
Tribes
and
Families
,
but
of
the
most
noble
and
unblemisht
stocks
amongst
the
Romans
:
The
Temple
of
Vesta
is
built
round
,
and
is
betwixt
the
Capitol
and
the
Palace
;
in
this
is
kept
the
perpetuall
fire
;
for
the
Etymology
of
Vesta
is
nothing
else
,
but
Purus
ignis
.
i.
pure
Fire
.
Some
are
of
opinion
that
in
that
Temple
,
are
kept
the
remembrances
of
many
,
both
sacred
and
secret
monuments
,
some
strange
and
unknown
even
to
Priests
and
Virgins
.
Some
speak
of
two
tuns
of
no
great
quantity
,
the
one
continually
shut
,
the
other
open
and
empty
;
some
of
the
Virgins
have
reported
,
that
the
Palladium
that
fell
from
Heaven
,
and
was
received
into
Troy
,
is
there
still
to
be
seen
.
The
first
Virgins
appointed
by
Numa
,
Gegania
,
Berenia
,
Camilla
,
Tarpeia
;
two
others
were
added
by
Servius
Tullius
.
Oppia
.
SHe
was
one
of
the
Vestall
virgins
;
who
being
taken
in
whordome
,
and
the
fast
manifestly
proved
,
she
was
convented
,
convicted
,
and
had
her
doom
to
be
buried
alive
.
Upon
whom
Strozza
filius
inscribed
this
Epitaph
;
Vestalis
virgo
laesi
damnata
pudoris
,
Contegor
hoc
vivens
Oppia
sub
tumulo
:
I
Oppia
,
once
a
Vestall
,
that
For
sinne
my
judgement
have
;
Condemn'd
for
lust
,
am
living
shut
And
covered
in
this
grave
.
Claudia
.
There
were
two
of
that
name
,
Fonteia
was
the
sister
of
Marc.
Fonteius
,
Marcia
was
a
Vestall
virgin
,
Minutia
also
,
Justin
in
his
43.
book
commemorates
this
history
;
Ae●eas
,
after
many
tedious
travels
,
landing
in
Italy
,
was
by
marrying
Lavinia
the
daughter
of
King
Latinus
,
made
partner
with
him
in
the
Kingdome
;
for
which
marriage
,
war
was
commenc'd
betwixt
them
two
of
the
one
party
,
and
Turnus
,
King
of
the
Rutilians
on
the
other
.
In
which
combustions
,
Turnus
being
slain
,
and
Latinus
yielding
to
Fate
,
Aeneas
both
by
the
right
of
victory
and
succession
,
became
Lord
of
both
the
Kingdome
and
people
;
erecting
a
City
called
Lavinium
,
in
remembrance
of
his
wife
Lavinia
.
In
processe
,
he
made
warre
against
Mezentius
,
King
of
the
Etruscians
,
whom
having
slaine
,
Ascanius
the
son
of
Aeneas
,
succeeded
in
the
principality
.
Ascanius
leaving
Lavinium
,
built
the
City
Alba
;
which
for
three
hundred
years
space
,
was
the
Capitall
City
of
that
Kingdome
.
After
many
descents
,
the
regall
honours
were
conferred
upon
Numitor
and
Amulius
.
These
two
Princes
emulous
of
each
others
greatnesse
,
Amulius
the
younger
,
having
opprest
his
brother
Numitor
,
surprised
also
his
sole
daughter
Rhaea
,
Rhaea
Tranquillus
,
and
Cornelius
Tacitus
both
of
them
remember
one
Rubria
a
Vestall
virgin
,
Cornelia
.
Floronea
thou
that
art
the
protectour
of
this
famous
City
Rome
,
as
I
have
truly
and
chastly
,
almost
for
thirty
yeares
space
,
celebrated
thy
sacrifices
,
so
either
at
this
present
crown
my
purity
with
fame
,
or
before
this
multitude
,
brand
my
lust
with
infamy
.
These
words
were
no
sooner
spoken
,
but
casting
her
mantle
upon
the
Altar
,
the
fire
instantly
brake
forth
,
where
before
there
was
nothing
in
place
save
cold
embers
;
O
goddesse
,
I
have
hitherto
kept
my
chastity
undefiled
,
vouchsafe
thesie
may
follow
me
;
when
fasting
a
cord
to
the
stearn
of
the
ship
,
she
without
any
difficulty
drew
it
along
the
river
.
O
mother
of
the
gods
,
I
have
offered
thy
sacrifices
with
chast
and
undefiled
hands
,
grant
that
with
this
sieve
I
may
take
up
water
from
the
river
Tyber
,
and
without
shedding
the
least
drop
bear
it
unto
thy
altar
:
which
when
she
had
obtained
and
accordingly
performed
,
with
loud
acclamations
of
the
multitude
,
she
was
absolved
,
and
her
austere
life
ever
after
held
in
reverence
.
The
attributes
of
Modesty
and
Temperance
,
are
greater
ornaments
to
a
woman
than
gold
or
jewels
;
and
because
all
perfections
cannot
be
in
one
woman
at
one
time
,
this
Modesty
is
that
which
supplies
all
things
that
are
wanting
.
It
is
a
dower
to
her
that
hath
no
portion
,
not
only
an
ornament
to
deformity
,
but
in
blacknesse
it
impresses
a
kind
of
beauty
;
it
illustrates
the
ignobility
of
birth
,
supplying
all
those
defects
wherein
fortune
hath
been
scanting
.
And
so
much
shall
suffice
for
the
Vestals
.
Of
the
Prophetesses
.
COncerning
these
Prophetesses
,
I
will
onely
make
a
briefe
catalogue
of
some
few
,
whom
the
ancient
writers
have
made
most
eminent
.
We
read
of
Hyrcia
the
daughter
of
Sesostris
King
of
Aegypt
,
most
skilfull
in
divination
,
who
to
her
father
foretold
his
amplitude
and
Monarchy
.
Volatteranus
in
Georg.
writes
of
one
Labissa
,
a
divining
woman
,
that
was
eminent
for
many
predictions
in
Bohemia
,
whom
succeeded
her
daughter
Craco
,
as
well
in
skill
,
as
in
fame
.
Plutarch
in
Mario
speaks
of
one
Martha
,
whom
Marcius
most
honourably
circumducted
in
a
horse-litter
,
and
:
●t
her
appointment
celebrated
many
sacrifices
;
her
the
Senate
with
a
generall
suffrage
for
her
approved
skill
in
augury
,
rewarded
with
liberty
,
making
her
a
free
woman
of
the
City
.
Polyxo
is
the
name
of
one
of
the
Phebaiedes
;
of
whom
Val.
Flaccus
in
his
Argonauts
thus
writes
:
Tunc
etiam
vates
Phoebo
delecta
Polyxo
.
Where
he
cals
her
a
Prophetesse
beloved
of
Phoebus
.
S●sipatra
,
a
woman
by
nation
a
Lydian
,
and
the
wife
of
Aedesius
the
Sophist
,
was
possest
with
that
divining
spirit
,
and
true
conjecture
of
future
things
that
in
their
times
accordingly
hapned
,
that
she
was
said
to
be
educated
and
instructed
by
the
gods
themselves
.
Of
the
like
approbation
was
Spurina
,
who
as
Tranquillus
testates
,
forewarned
Caesar
to
beware
of
the
Ides
of
March
,
who
in
the
same
day
was
murdered
in
the
Capitoll
,
of
which
he
bid
him
beware
.
Martianus
Capella
speaks
of
one
Symachia
,
and
cals
her
one
of
the
Sybils
;
and
often
by
all
authors
granted
,
will
allow
but
two
;
namely
,
Herophile
Trojana
the
daughter
of
Marmensis
,
and
Symachia
the
issue
of
Hippotensis
,
who
was
born
in
Erythraea
,
and
prophesied
in
Cuma
.
Theano
and
Eucyppa
,
the
daughters
of
one
Scedasus
,
sung
many
oraculous
cautions
,
to
the
people
of
Sparta
,
yet
could
they
not
predict
their
own
disaster
;
for
after
they
were
forcibly
defloured
by
the
young
men
of
the
same
City
,
and
slain
,
and
their
bodies
cast
into
a
well
;
their
father
after
long
search
finding
them
,
confounded
with
the
sight
of
so
sad
a
spectacle
,
upon
the
sight
thereof
slew
himselfe
.
Caelius
writes
of
a
woman
born
in
his
Countrie
,
called
Jacoba
,
out
of
whose
belly
unclean
spirits
made
acclamations
of
future
things
to
come
;
of
which
one
of
them
called
himselfe
Cincinnatulus
,
who
gave
marvellous
answers
to
such
as
demanded
of
him
,
but
spake
as
oft
falsely
as
truly
.
Of
better
knowledge
(
as
it
seems
)
was
Apollonius
of
Tyana
,
a
City
in
Greece
,
who
told
one
Cylix
,
a
man
given
to
all
volu
ptuousnesse
,
That
before
three
daies
were
expired
,
he
should
be
slain
;
which
accordingly
hapned
.
He
used
to
protest
,
that
he
spake
nothing
without
the
counsell
of
the
gods
,
and
direction
of
the
spirit
that
attended
him
:
he
professed
the
knowledge
of
all
languages
and
tongues
,
to
have
insight
into
the
thoughts
of
men
,
to
discourse
any
thing
punctually
that
had
past
,
and
divine
as
truly
of
any
thing
to
come
;
he
was
moreover
an
exact
interpreter
of
dreams
:
his
life
is
compendiously
set
down
by
Vollatterranus
.
Parialla
lived
in
the
age
of
Cleomines
,
and
was
called
the
championesse
of
all
the
Delphian
Prophetesses
.
Now
how
the
Devill
should
come
to
the
foreknowledge
of
things
to
come
,
it
shall
be
held
no
unnecessary
digression
briefly
to
inquire
.
These
spirits
being
of
a
thin
substance
(
by
their
tenuity
,
subtilty
,
and
incredible
celerity
,
moreover
,
by
the
quicknesse
of
their
apprehensions
,
in
which
they
far
excell
the
slownesse
and
dulnesse
of
all
earthly
bodies
)
by
the
divine
permission
,
understand
and
deliver
many
things
which
appear
to
us
miraculous
:
Invictus
eris
Alexander
,
Oh
Alexander
,
thou
shalt
be
invincible
:
which
words
,
had
they
failed
in
the
successe
of
his
wars
,
yet
had
a
shadow
of
truth
,
in
that
his
urgence
overcame
the
silence
of
the
Oracle
:
After
,
trajecting
his
army
against
the
Persians
,
divers
Prodigies
appeared
;
at
his
entrance
into
Asia
,
the
statue
of
Orpheus
was
seen
to
sweet
;
in
his
conflict
with
Darius
,
an
Eagle
was
still
visibly
seen
soaring
and
hovering
over
his
head
,
and
as
it
were
menacing
the
enemy
:
these
were
no
question
,
the
mockeries
of
the
devill
,
to
avert
the
opinions
of
such
as
gave
not
much
credit
to
the
superstitions
of
these
vaine
Auguries
,
and
to
the
firmer
establishment
of
his
own
kingdome
.
And
it
came
to
passe
as
we
went
to
prayer
,
a
certaine
maid
having
a
spirit
of
divination
met
us
,
which
gat
her
master
much
vantage
with
divining
;
she
followed
Paul
and
us
,
and
cryed
;
saying
,
these
men
are
the
servants
of
the
most
high
God
,
which
shew
unto
you
the
way
of
salvation
;
and
thus
did
she
many
daies
.
Here
we
see
the
devill
confesseth
the
truth
,
but
not
with
the
intent
to
move
the
people
to
give
beliefe
to
his
doctrines
:
For
that
appears
by
the
sequell
.
For
when
Paul
grieved
,
turned
about
,
and
said
to
the
spirit
,
I
command
thee
in
the
name
of
Jesus
,
that
thou
come
out
of
h●r
;
and
be
came
out
the
same
hour
.
For
instantly
followes
the
innate
malice
of
the
devill
;
for
when
her
masters
saw
the
hope
of
their
gaine
was
gone
,
they
caught
Paul
and
Silas
,
and
drew
them
into
the
market
place
unto
the
Magistrates
,
&c.
The
devill
prosecuting
his
hate
against
them
,
even
to
false
accusations
,
beating
with
rods
,
and
imprisonment
.
This
argument
I
will
end
with
one
historicall
discourse
.
Johannes
Wyerius
in
his
first
book
,
De
praest.
Daemon
tels
us
,
that
upon
a
time
mention
being
made
of
Hector
and
Achilles
before
the
Emperour
Maximilian
in
his
imperiall
pallace
,
one
of
his
chiefe
nobility
,
and
a
prime
Counseller
of
State
,
among
the
rest
began
to
speak
most
affectionately
in
their
p●●●se
,
extolling
their
actions
,
strength
,
and
valour
,
in
that
high
measure
,
that
the
Emperor
was
most
desirous
(
if
it
were
possible
)
to
behold
them
in
their
true
effigies
and
portraiture
.
A
Magician
at
the
same
time
lived
about
the
Court
,
who
boasted
so
much
of
his
skill
,
that
he
profest
himselfe
able
to
accomplish
the
desires
of
the
Emperor
,
and
that
without
danger
or
prejudice
to
any
:
this
comming
to
the
eares
of
the
Emperor
,
he
was
sent
for
,
and
commanded
to
shew
some
testimony
of
his
art
.
The
Magician
in
hope
of
reward
,
and
promise
of
silence
,
free
from
all
interruption
,
undertakes
it
,
and
moreover
to
secure
the
spectators
from
danger
:
when
placing
the
Emperour
in
his
regall
throne
,
he
cast
about
the
same
a
wide
and
spatious
circle
,
that
done
,
he
mumbles
certaine
unknown
words
to
himselfe
,
which
he
seemed
to
read
out
of
a
small
book
of
characters
,
which
he
drew
out
of
his
pocket
.
This
was
no
sooner
done
,
but
Hector
beats
at
the
door
with
such
violence
,
that
at
the
terrour
of
the
stroaks
,
the
whole
pallace
seemed
to
tremble
:
the
door
being
opened
,
Hector
enters
armed
Cap
a
pe
in
a
helmet
plumed
,
his
target
upon
his
arme
,
and
in
his
right
hand
a
long
mighty
speare
,
headed
with
brasse
:
who
thus
accoutred
,
with
terrible
and
flaming
eies
looks
round
about
the
room
;
his
stature
much
larger
then
any
that
hath
lived
in
our
latter
daies
.
At
another
door
,
first
knocks
,
then
enters
Achilles
,
with
the
like
majestick
gate
,
compleatly
armed
,
with
an
austere
and
menacing
brow
,
beholding
Hector
,
shaking
and
charging
his
spear
against
him
,
as
if
he
instantly
purposed
to
invade
him
.
These
two
,
after
honour
done
unto
Caesar
,
having
gone
on
,
and
returned
back
three
times
,
upon
the
instant
vanisht
.
This
act
being
past
,
next
enters
on
the
stage
King
David
,
his
head
crowned
with
a
rich
diadem
,
and
ado●ned
with
all
Kingly
magnificence
,
playing
upon
his
harp
,
but
his
aspect
more
plausible
,
and
his
countenance
more
amiable
then
the
former
:
he
likewise
three
severall
times
past
by
the
Emperor
,
still
sitting
in
his
throne
,
but
without
any
reverence
done
to
his
person
at
all
,
and
so
likewise
vanisht
.
The
Magician
being
asked
by
the
Emperour
,
Why
,
of
the
rest
,
David
had
only
denied
to
do
him
honour
?
he
presently
answered
,
That
all
Kingdomes
to
the
Kingdome
of
David
must
submit
themselves
,
because
Christ
himselfe
came
of
his
stock
and
linage
.
Thus
we
see
how
the
devill
is
never
without
Scripture
in
his
mouth
,
though
blasphemy
and
execration
in
his
heart
.
Besides
these
kind
of
Diviners
,
there
are
such
as
are
called
Sortiligae
,
and
these
predict
by
lots
,
and
that
after
sundry
maners
,
of
which
I
will
instance
one
only
:
They
make
a
round
circle
,
and
divide
it
into
four
and
twenty
equall
distances
,
according
to
the
number
of
the
Greek
alphabet
,
every
space
having
the
character
of
one
of
these
letters
,
upon
which
they
put
a
graine
of
wheat
or
barley
;
then
is
put
forth
a
Cock
kept
for
the
purpose
,
and
by
those
grains
that
he
picks
up
from
the
letters
,
they
make
their
conjectures
.
Valens
the
Emperour
much
perplexed
in
his
mind
about
the
succession
in
the
Empire
,
retired
himselfe
to
this
kind
of
Augury
:
when
the
letters
and
the
grains
being
placed
as
is
aforesaid
,
the
vaticinating
Cock
(
called
Alectiomantious
)
was
turned
out
,
who
pickt
up
the
grains
,
and
made
bare
these
five
letters
▪
THEOD
;
by
which
was
signified
Theodosius
,
who
after
succeeded
.
Other
predictions
were
gathered
out
of
the
sentences
of
the
Poets
;
but
especially
out
of
Homer
of
the
Greeks
,
Alexander
Severus
thus
meaning
to
calculate
what
should
futurely
betide
him
,
Tu
regere
imperio
populos
,
Romane
memento
.
And
after
some
few
years
he
attained
to
the
Empire
.
Claudius
the
Emperor
acquiring
his
own
fate
the
like
way
,
hapned
upon
that
in
his
sixt
book
of
his
Aeneid
:
Tertia
dum
Latio
regnantem
viderit
Aestas
.
Neither
did
he
reign
above
two
years
.
The
same
Claudius
inquiring
after
his
brothers
fortunes
,
he
light
upon
that
verse
,
which
after
Gordianus
Junior
chanced
upon
:
Ostendunt
terris
hunc
tantum
fata
.
This
Gordianus
was
slain
within
seventeen
daies
after
he
had
taken
upon
him
the
emperiall
purple
.
Claudius
Secundus
,
predecessor
to
the
Emperor
Aurelian
,
inquiring
of
the
successe
of
his
posterity
,
had
the
lot
of
this
verse
in
Virgil
:
His
ego
,
nic
metas
rerum
,
nec
nomina
pono
.
Whose
progeny
lasted
for
a
long
time
after
.
Of
this
kind
there
were
infinite
,
which
I
purposely
pretermit
.
The
●i●hian
woman
that
sate
stradling
with
her
legs
upon
the
Tripos
,
received
the
unclean
spirit
at
the
immedest
parts
of
her
body
,
from
whence
she
was
likewise
heard
to
deliver
such
answers
as
were
demanded
of
her
,
with
a
strange
fury
and
rapture
,
her
hair
scattered
about
her
ears
,
and
foaming
at
the
mouth
,
she
delivered
her
frantick
oracles
.
Methodius
against
Origen
,
writ
a
book
of
these
mad
diviners
,
as
Sophranius
saith
.
Others
there
were
,
call'd
Ventriloquae
(
so
nam'd
by
S.
Augustin
)
because
they
were
heard
to
speak
from
their
wombs
and
bellies
.
Tertul.
a
great
author
,
affirms
that
he
hath
seen
such
women
,
that
from
their
immodest
parts
(
sitting
)
have
uttered
such
kind
of
oracles
,
answering
in
that
manner
to
questions
demanded
.
To
conclude
with
these
,
Caelius
●odovicus
that
lived
in
the
memory
of
our
fathers
,
The
Hesperides
.
THey
were
the
daughters
of
Hesperus
the
brother
of
Atlas
,
or
as
some
think
of
Atlas
himselfe
,
of
which
number
is
Eubulus
.
Chaerecrates
derives
them
from
Phorcus
and
Cetus
.
Their
names
were
Aegle
,
Arethusa
,
and
Hesperthusa
.
These
kept
certaine
pleasant
and
delectable
gardens
,
not
far
from
Lyxus
a
Town
in
Mauritania
in
the
farthest
part
of
Aethiopia
towards
the
West
;
where
all
the
Country
was
scorched
with
the
heat
of
the
Sunne
,
and
the
place
almost
inhabitable
for
the
multitude
of
serpents
.
These
Gardens
were
not
far
distant
from
Meroe
and
the
red
sea
,
where
lived
the
Serpent
that
kept
the
golden
Apples
,
whom
Hercules
after
slew
.
The
keeper
of
this
Dragon
was
called
Ladon
,
Sustinet
hic
Atlas
Caelum
,
sic
fata
jubebunt
Vltimus
Hesperidum
locus
est
,
in
margine
terrae
Hic
Capite
&
manibus
fert
vasti
pondera
mundi
:
Here
Atlas
doth
support
the
Heaven
,
for
so
The
fates
command
;
th'
Hesperid's
give
it
name
In
the
Earths
utmost
margent
,
he
we
know
Bears
with
his
head
and
hands
the
worlds
vast
frame
.
The
fame
is
,
the
mountain
Atlas
hath
round
incompast
or
hedged
in
this
O●chard
or
Garden
,
because
Themis
had
prophesied
to
him
,
That
in
processe
of
time
the
son
of
Jupiter
should
break
through
his
pale
and
beare
away
his
golden
Apples
;
which
after
proved
true
in
Hercules
.
These
Apples
,
Agretus
in
rebus
Libycis
explaineth
them
to
be
sheep
,
and
because
kept
by
a
rude
and
churlish
sheepherd
,
were
said
to
be
guarded
by
a
Dragon
.
But
Pherecides
,
where
he
commemorates
the
Nuptials
of
Juno
,
Pleiades
or
Hyades
.
OVid
in
his
first
book
de
Fastis
leaves
remembred
,
how
Atlas
took
to
wife
Pleione
the
daughter
of
Oceanus
and
Thetis
,
by
whom
he
received
seven
daughters
:
these
,
when
Orion
(
with
their
mother
)
had
for
the
space
of
five
yeares
together
,
prosecuted
only
to
vitiate
and
deflower
them
,
they
all
jointly
petitioned
to
the
gods
,
That
they
might
be
rescued
from
all
violence
;
whose
praiers
Jupiter
hearing
,
and
withall
commiserating
their
distresse
,
he
changed
the
seven
sisters
into
seven
stars
,
whose
names
Aratn●
in
Astronomicis
,
thus
recites
,
—
Septem
illae
esse
feruntur
.
Quamvis
sint
oculis
hominam
sex
obvia
signa
.
Alcinoe
,
Meropeque
,
Electraque
,
diva
Celaeno
Taigete
,
Sterope
,
praeclaro
Lumine
Maia
.
—
Seven
stars
th'
are
held
to
be
,
Though
we
with
our
weak
eies
but
six
can
see
,
Celaeno
,
Electra
,
Alcyone
,
Merope
,
Clere-sighted
Maia
,
Taygete
,
Sterope
.
All
these
stars
are
plac'd
in
the
head
of
the
Bull
,
two
in
his
ears
,
two
in
his
eies
,
two
in
his
nostrils
,
and
one
in
the
middle
of
his
forehead
,
where
the
haire
curls
and
turns
up
.
Some
reckoned
the
daughters
of
Atlas
to
the
number
of
twelve
,
and
that
Hyas
was
their
brother
,
who
being
stung
to
death
by
a
serpent
,
five
of
his
sisters
took
his
death
so
grievously
,
that
they
died
with
sorrow
;
of
whom
Jupiter
took
such
pity
,
that
he
translated
them
into
so
many
stars
,
which
still
beare
their
brothers
name
,
and
are
called
Hyades
.
Hesiod
thus
gives
us
their
names
,
Phoeola
,
Coronis
,
Cleia
,
Phoeo
,
and
Eudora
,
Quas
nymphas
,
Hyades
mortales
nomine
dicunt
.
Others
nominate
them
after
this
manner
,
Ambrocia
,
Coronis
,
Eudora
,
Dione
,
Aesila
,
and
Polyxo
:
Others
have
added
to
th●●●
,
Thic●
,
and
Proitele
,
which
they
have
beleeved
to
be
N●●ses
of
Bacchus
:
as
also
Dodoninas
so
called
of
Dodonus
the
son
of
Europa
,
but
write
them
as
descended
from
other
parents
,
whence
some
held
them
for
the
daughters
of
Erecheus
,
others
of
Cadmus
:
some
would
have
Calypso
to
be
the
daughter
of
Atlas
.
Neither
is
their
number
free
from
controversie
;
for
Thales
Milesius
holds
them
but
two
,
the
one
Australis
,
the
other
Borealis
,
Euripides
in
his
Tragedy
de
Phactonte
,
adds
a
third
.
Achaeus
makes
them
foure
,
and
Euripides
six
:
some
think
them
called
Hyades
,
because
they
were
the
Nurses
of
Bacchus
,
who
is
also
called
Hyes
,
of
which
opinion
Euphorion
is
.
Hyae
cornuto
Dionysio
Iratae
.
Others
think
them
to
have
took
name
of
the
Raine
,
because
their
rising
still
portends
shewers
in
the
spring
.
Besides
,
these
are
the
most
certaine
signes
of
weather
,
which
the
Navigators
at
sea
gather
from
the
rising
of
these
stars
,
as
Euripides
in
Ione
most
perspicuously
demonstrates
.
These
Pleiades
and
Hyades
are
therefore
called
the
daughters
of
Atlas
,
because
Atlas
signifies
Axis
mundi
,
i.
the
axeltree
of
the
world
.
The
Columns
of
Atlas
are
the
North
and
the
Meridian
or
South
poles
,
on
which
the
heaven
is
thought
to
be
supported
.
Now
the
axeltree
first
made
,
the
stars
were
next
created
:
some
think
them
the
issue
of
Atlas
.
Libicus
who
being
a
most
skilfull
Astronomer
,
called
his
daughters
by
the
names
of
the
stars
,
thereby
to
eternise
their
memory
,
as
divers
others
have
done
the
like
.
Amongst
whom
was
Conon
,
who
liv'd
in
the
time
of
P●olomaeus
,
who
called
his
Coma
and
Berenices
.
Proclus
in
his
Comment.
upon
Hesiodus
his
works
and
daies
,
writes
that
these
Pleiades
are
all
divine
,
and
their
stars
the
souls
of
the
Planets
;
as
Ceraeno
is
the
soule
of
Saturn
;
Sterope
,
of
the
sphear
of
Jupiter
;
Merope
,
of
Mars
;
Electra
,
of
Apollo
or
the
Sun
;
Alcione
of
Venus
;
Maia
of
Mercury
;
and
Taigete
,
of
the
Moon
.
Of
whom
some
have
had
congresse
with
their
own
Planets
,
and
some
with
other
of
the
gods
.
Which
Ovid
in
his
fourth
book
Fastor
.
hath
with
much
elegancy
related
:
Pleiades
Incipiunt
humeros
relevare
paternos
:
The
wandring
Pleiades
gadding
abroad
,
Begin
to
ease
their
father
of
his
Load
.
Who
though
in
number
Seven
,
all
shining
bright
,
Yet
only
six
of
them
appear
in
sight
Twice
three
of
these
themselves
have
prostrate
cast
Into
the
gods
imbraces
:
Mars
clings
fast
To
S●erope
;
Alcione
the
faire
,
And
sweet
Celaeno
,
Neptunes
darlings
are
.
Maia
,
Electra
,
and
Taigete
,
three
Of
that
bright
sister-hood
,
Joves
wantons
be
:
But
Merope
(
the
seventh
)
of
mind
more
base
,
Stoop'd
lower
,
to
a
[
*
](A43596-e52510-b)
*
Merope
was
the
prostitute
of
Sysiphus
.
mortall
mans
imbrace
.
The
thought
of
which
fact
she
doth
so
detest
,
She
since
nere
shew'd
her
face
amongst
the
rest
.
And
so
much
for
the
Pleiades
and
Hyades
shall
suffice
.
Of
the
Graces
.
THese
whom
the
Latines
call
Gratiae
or
Graces
,
the
Greeks
call
Charites
Hesiod
cals
them
the
daughters
of
Jupiter
and
Eurinome
,
these
called
Oceanus
father
.
Orpheus
in
an
hymn
sung
to
the
praise
of
these
sisters
,
cals
them
the
daughters
of
Eunomea
and
Jupiter
.
Antilemachus
derives
them
from
Aegles
and
the
Sun
,
others
from
Antinoe
and
Jupiter
;
as
they
differ
in
their
birth
,
so
they
do
in
their
names
and
number
:
some
allow
but
two
,
and
name
them
Clita
and
Phaena
.
Pausanias
in
Boeticis
stiles
them
Auxo
and
Hegemone
.
Some
number
Suadela
amongst
the
Graces
.
But
all
those
ancient
writers
that
are
best
received
,
and
most
authentically
approved
,
conclude
them
to
be
three
;
their
names
Euphrosine
,
Aglaia
,
and
Thalia
:
of
whom
Hesiod
in
his
Theogonia
:
Tres
sibi
,
&
Eurynome
Charites
parit
edita
magno
,
Oceano
,
&c.
Eurinome
of
the
Greek
Ocean
born
,
(
A
nymph
excelling
both
in
shape
and
face
)
Brought
forth
the
three
Charites
,
to
adorn
Jove's
issue
:
Faire
Euphrosine
the
first
Grace
,
Aglaia
,
and
Thalia
,
&c.
They
are
never
separated
,
but
alwaies
put
together
,
whensoever
they
are
remembred
by
the
ancient
Poets
.
The
yonger
sister
Aglaia
,
is
said
to
be
the
wife
of
Vulcan
,
and
all
jointly
the
handmaids
and
attendants
of
Venus
.
Concerning
their
habits
,
there
hath
been
some
difference
,
because
some
have
presented
them
naked
,
and
without
any
garments
at
all
:
Pythagoras
,
Parius
,
Bupalus
,
Apelles
,
and
others
:
but
in
habits
fashioned
in
a
modest
decency
,
their
hair
fair
,
long
,
and
comely
;
therefore
Homer
in
his
hymn
to
Apollo
,
cals
them
Pulc●●omae
,
or
fair
haired
.
Horace
he
setteth
them
out
with
girdles
,
which
are
never
worn
without
other
garments
It
is
therefore
apparant
,
that
the
ancient
writers
allowed
them
robes
and
vestures
,
either
because
it
was
a
great
immodesty
to
present
women
unclothed
,
or
else
to
keep
them
from
the
violence
of
the
winters
cold
,
by
which
their
tempers
are
much
distasted
,
howsoever
since
they
have
fallen
into
the
hands
of
later
writers
,
who
have
robbed
them
of
these
habits
,
with
which
they
were
apparalled
by
the
former
:
for
which
robbery
they
are
said
,
as
ashamed
of
th●ir
nakednesse
,
to
have
exiled
themselves
from
the
earth
.
The
first
of
all
mortall
men
that
erected
a
Temple
to
the
Graces
,
was
Eteocles
a
King
over
the
Orcho●aenians
;
for
as
Strabo
writes
,
Horae
,
or
the
Houres
OF
the
parents
,
or
names
of
the
Houres
,
there
is
small
doubt
or
none
at
all
,
since
all
the
Poets
from
the
first
to
the
last
agree
,
that
they
were
the
daughters
of
Jupiter
and
Themis
:
amongst
whom
was
Hesiod
in
his
Theog
▪
in
these
words
,
Inde
Themim
rursus
ducit
sibi
quae
parit
Horas
,
Eunomiamque
Dicensque
,
&c.
By
marrying
Themis
,
he
begat
the
Houres
,
Eunomia
,
Dyrce
,
and
Irene
faire
.
And
flourishing
still
,
these
sisters
have
the
powers
To
ripen
all
mens
actions
by
their
care
.
Orpheus
not
only
assents
with
him
in
their
names
,
but
ads
also
,
That
they
were
born
in
the
Spring
time
.
Pausanias
in
Boetic
.
introduceth
other
names
and
forrein
from
these
;
one
he
cals
Carpo
,
another
Thalote
,
of
the
third
he
conceals
the
name
.
Sponte
fores
Coeli
patuerunt
,
&c.
The
gates
of
Heaven
did
of
themselves
stand
wide
,
Those
which
the
virgin
hours
are
set
to
keep
(
As
their
great
charge
.
)
The
Poles
they
likewise
guide
,
With
all
the
upper
regions
.
From
the
deep
,
The
showers
exhal'd
they
store
:
and
when
they
please
,
The
borrowed
raine
pay
back
into
the
seas
.
They
are
called
Horae
of
the
Greek
word
,
which
signifies
Custodire
,
or
to
keep
;
and
therefore
said
to
be
the
guardians
of
heavens
gates
,
as
having
power
to
admit
of
our
devotions
,
and
give
them
accesse
unto
the
gods
,
or
otherwise
if
they
be
not
faithfull
and
sincere
,
to
exclude
them
at
their
pleasures
:
having
moreover
alwaies
been
,
and
still
continue
great
favourers
and
prosperers
of
all
such
as
are
laborious
and
studious
.
They
are
called
the
daughters
of
Jupiter
and
Themis
,
because
as
the
Graces
import
nothing
else
but
the
hilarity
and
gladnesse
that
ariseth
from
the
increase
of
the
earth
,
so
these
Houres
signifie
the
fruit
it selfe
;
for
the
Greek
word
,
Carpo
,
is
Fructus
:
properly
then
they
are
said
to
be
the
attendants
of
the
Graces
,
as
the
Graces
are
still
the
handmaids
of
Venus
,
for
the
fruits
of
the
earth
are
the
increase
,
as
that
plenty
still
followes
delight
:
and
therefore
they
all
equipage
together
,
as
being
by
the
Poets
never
separate
Besides
,
the
names
of
the
Hours
are
thus
properly
Englished
,
Law
,
Justice
,
and
Peace
.
The
abundance
of
all
things
is
the
companion
of
Vertue
and
Honesty
:
but
Scarcity
and
Dearth
are
the
pages
to
Irreligion
and
Impiety
:
for
there
is
not
a
clearer
mirrour
in
which
may
trulier
be
discerned
the
malice
or
gratitude
of
men
towards
the
gods
,
and
consequently
of
their
punishment
and
pity
towards
men
,
then
in
the
alterations
of
the
Seasons
;
which
,
the
ancient
writers
the
better
to
signifie
unto
us
,
made
the
Hours
the
Porters
to
heaven
gates
,
and
gave
them
power
over
the
clouds
,
both
in
the
mustering
of
them
,
or
dispersing
them
.
And
so
much
for
the
Houres
.
Aurora
,
or
the
Morning
.
HEsiodus
in
Theog
,
tearms
her
the
daughter
of
Hyperion
,
and
the
nymph
Thya
,
and
sister
to
the
Sun
and
Moon
.
Others
derive
her
from
Tytan
and
Terra
,
they
call
her
the
way
leader
to
the
Sunne
;
as
Luciser
the
day-star
is
stil'd
her
henshman
or
usher
:
for
so
saith
Orpheus
in
an
hymn
to
Aurora
.
Homer
in
an
hymn
to
Venus
,
allowes
her
roseat
fingers
,
a
red
or
ruddy
colour
,
and
to
be
drawn
in
a
golden
Chariot
.
Virgil
sometimes
allowes
her
foure
horses
,
sometimes
but
two
,
and
those
of
a
red
colour
.
Theocritus
describes
them
white
or
gray
,
according
to
the
colour
of
the
morning
.
Lycopheon
in
Alexandra
,
Arg●stre
,
Zephyrus
,
Boreas
and
Notus
,
with
a
daughter
called
Jadama
.
She
was
married
to
Tythonus
,
the
son
of
Laomedon
and
brother
to
King
Priam
,
but
by
divers
mothers
,
Priam
being
the
son
of
Leucippe
,
Tython
of
Strimo
,
or
as
others
invert
it
of
Rhaeo
,
daughter
to
the
flood
Scamander
.
It
is
commemorated
by
the
Poets
,
that
this
Aurora
begged
for
her
husband
Tython
,
Immortality
,
which
was
granted
her
by
the
gods
.
But
for
getting
in
her
p●tition
to
insert
that
withall
,
he
should
not
grow
old
;
in
processe
,
he
grew
to
that
extremity
of
dec●epit
age
,
that
living
to
be
twice
a
child
,
he
was
swath'd
and
crudled
.
Tython
had
two
sons
by
A●●ora
,
Memnon
and
Aemathaeon
,
of
whom
she
〈◊〉
the
name
Aemathia
.
Pausanias
cols
Memnon
the
King
of
Aetheopia
,
Memnonis
orba
mei
,
venio
qui
fortia
f●ustra
,
&c.
Depriv'd
of
my
sweet
Memnon
,
who
in
vaine
Took
arms
for
his
deer
Vncle
:
and
now
slaine
By
great
Achilles
in
his
prime
of
years
(
For
so
you
gods
would
have
it
)
Loe
,
appears
Before
thy
throne
,
oh
Jove
(
thou
chiefe
and
rector
Of
all
the
gods
,
their
patron
and
protector
)
A
weeping
mother
:
begging
to
assure
Honours
to
him
,
by
which
my
wounds
to
cure
.
To
this
great
Jove
assents
.
The
funerall
fire
Is
kindled
,
the
bright
sparks
towards
heav'n
aspire
,
And
like
so
many
stars
they
make
repaire
Through
the
thick
smoak
which
clouds
and
duls
the
aire
,
Darkning
the
cleer
day
,
as
when
damps
and
fogs
Exha●'d
from
rivers
,
or
from
marish
bogs
,
Before
the
Sun
hath
power
:
In
such
a
mist
,
Vp
fl●e
the
obscur'd
sparks
,
till
they
subsist
Above
,
all
in
one
body
:
which
assumes
First
shape
,
then
face
,
next
colour
,
from
the
sumes
:
Thus
from
that
Pile
the
Memnian
bird
first
springs
Fire
gave
it
life
,
and
lightnesse
lent
it
wings
.
It
is
said
that
many
of
these
birds
,
which
still
beare
the
name
,
were
seen
to
arise
from
his
ashes
,
which
dividing
themselves
into
divers
squadrons
,
fought
so
long
amongst
themselves
,
till
they
fell
dead
into
the
fire
,
sacrificing
their
own
lives
to
his
obits
.
But
Theocritus
in
his
Epitaph
upon
Bion
,
speaks
of
none
but
Memnon
only
,
who
himselfe
was
changed
into
a
bird
,
and
was
seen
to
flie
about
and
soare
over
his
own
funerall
fires
,
Lucian
in
Philopseudo
▪
speaks
of
a
prodigie
,
or
rather
a
miracle
,
which
was
most
frequent
where
his
statue
was
erected
in
the
Temple
of
Serapis
;
no
sooner
did
the
rising
Sunne
begin
to
shine
upon
his
monument
,
and
seem'd
to
touch
it
,
but
his
statue
yielded
a
most
sweet
and
melodious
sound
,
but
when
he
took
his
leave
to
rest
himselfe
in
the
West
,
as
if
it
mourned
the
Suns
departure
,
it
breathed
an
army
so
sadly
passionate
,
that
oft
times
it
drew
teares
from
the
hearers
:
which
was
thus
interpreted
,
That
he
still
rejoiced
at
his
mothers
approach
and
presence
,
but
lamented
her
departure
and
absence
.
Cornelius
Tacitus
,
and
Suidas
,
both
report
the
same
,
as
likewise
Zetzes
,
Chil.
histor
.
64.
But
to
return
to
his
mother
Aurora
,
she
was
still
held
to
be
the
sweetest
,
the
most
delightfull
and
welcome
of
all
the
nymphs
and
goddesses
,
not
to
man
only
,
but
to
all
other
creatures
,
beasts
,
and
plants
.
Orpheus
in
one
of
his
hymns
affirms
no
lesse
:
By
thee
O
goddesse
mankind
is
made
glad
,
Thy
gracious
presence
chears
such
as
he
sad
.
Since
Memnons
death
,
in
tears
thou
risest
still
And
from
thine
eies
thick
showers
of
dew-drops
spill
,
Through
all
the
spatious
earth
:
which
to
thy
grace
,
The
mornings
Sun
still
kisses
from
thy
face
.
By
thee
his
glorious
place
is
much
graced
,
By
thee
,
the
pitchy
night
to
Laethe
chaced
:
All
sleepy
mankind
to
their
sport
thou
wakest
,
And
sleepy
slumbers
from
their
eielids
shakest
.
Thy
beauty
to
behold
,
or
hear
thy
voice
,
Serpents
and
men
,
beasts
,
birds
,
and
all
rejoice
.
Tho
very
Marine
Frye
thy
presence
craves
,
And
to
behold
thee
dance
upon
the
waves
.
And
these
things
are
the
most
remarkable
which
have
been
fabulouslie
observed
of
Aurora
,
who
is
therefore
supposed
to
be
the
daughter
of
Hyperion
and
Thia
,
because
by
the
divine
bounty
,
Light
proceedeth
from
the
Sun
,
to
illuminate
the
earth
,
and
all
the
inhabitants
thereof
;
for
there
is
no
benefit
either
of
pleasure
or
profit
that
can
accrue
to
us
,
which
flowes
not
from
their
immediate
grace
and
goodnesse
.
She
is
said
to
have
a
ruddy
colour
,
because
she
appears
as
if
she
came
blushing
from
the
palace
of
the
Sunne
.
And
for
that
cause
they
descri●e
her
with
●oseat
singers
,
a
high
complexion
,
a
golden
seat
,
and
red
steeds
to
draw
her
Chariot
,
to
answer
and
correspond
to
the
livery
which
the
Sun
gives
,
his
being
all
of
the
like
colour
.
For
the
swiftnesse
of
her
motion
,
she
is
allowed
a
Chariot
;
and
such
as
con●er
white
steeds
upon
her
,
derive
not
their
hue
from
the
gray
vapours
that
arise
from
the
earth
,
but
rather
from
the
cleer
and
perspicuous
splendour
of
the
light
it selfe
.
Those
that
of
this
fable
would
make
a
history
,
say
that
Tythonus
married
a
wife
out
of
the
Eastern
Countries
,
by
whom
he
had
the
forenamed
children
,
and
after
lived
to
that
age
,
that
he
grew
not
only
decrepit
and
bed
rid
of
his
limbs
,
but
do●●ing
and
childish
of
his
brain
.
From
hence
ariseth
the
fable
.
That
Aurora
was
inamoured
of
him
,
by
reason
of
the
temperature
of
those
Orientall
climats
,
to
be
possest
of
which
pleasant
places
she
purchast
for
him
Immortality
.
And
where
some
fable
that
he
was
turned
to
a
grashopper
,
it
signifies
nothing
else
but
the
loquacity
of
age
,
ambitiously
groaning
in
the
often
repetiton
of
things
past
,
glorying
in
times
of
old
,
and
despising
those
latter
in
respect
of
them
;
such
a
one
did
Homer
personate
in
N●ster
.
The
mark
at
which
all
these
arrowes
are
aim'd
in
this
Fable
,
is
to
perswade
men
by
wisedome
,
patiently
to
undergo
all
the
chances
and
changes
incident
to
us
,
both
in
time
and
nature
;
since
death
by
the
bounty
of
the
gods
is
granted
to
man
as
a
rest
and
cessation
from
all
calamities
and
troubles
.
For
when
Aurora
had
begged
immortality
for
Tython
.
he
feeling
the
infirmities
and
defects
of
age
,
became
himselfe
a
supplyan
to
the
gods
,
That
they
would
be
to
him
so
gracious
,
as
to
give
him
leave
to
sleep
with
his
fathers
,
accounting
it
much
better
and
happier
to
die
once
,
and
be
at
rest
,
then
to
be
continually
afflicted
with
the
troubles
and
difficulties
of
a
weary
and
despited
life
.
Nox
,
or
,
the
Night
.
AFter
morning
past
,
the
Sun
gone
about
,
and
the
day
spent
,
comes
Night
;
neither
was
she
in
mean
honour
amongst
the
ancient
Poets
,
who
taught
her
to
be
the
first
,
and
long
before
all
other
nymphs
or
goddesses
,
as
possessing
all
places
,
and
all
things
,
having
in
her
own
dispose
and
government
that
deformed
and
unshapen
matter
,
called
Chaos
,
over
which
she
raigned
Empresse
before
the
gods
themselves
had
any
existence
or
being
:
not
withstanding
,
some
contend
to
make
her
the
daughter
of
this
Chaos
,
as
Hesio●l
and
others
:
Inde
Chao
,
est
Erebus
,
Nox
,
&
tenebrosa
creati
.
From
Cha●●
,
Erebus
,
and
the
Night
tenebrous
Were
both
created
—
And
because
so
born
,
she
was
called
the
most
ancient
;
the
reason
is
approved
,
For
before
the
masse
was
opened
,
the
matter
of
which
to
make
things
distinguished
,
and
the
world
it selfe
created
,
there
could
nothing
be
which
might
be
properly
called
Night
;
therefore
Aratus
in
Astronomac
.
stiles
her
Nox
antiqua
;
and
Orpheus
in
one
of
his
hymns
.
The
mother
of
gods
and
men
,
as
both
having
their
birth
from
her
.
She
is
drawn
in
a
Chariot
,
with
starres
waiting
upon
her
wheels
,
and
ushering
her
,
as
Theocritus
left
recorded
:
—
Salveteque
Noctis
Sydera
quae
Canthis
tacite
praecurritis
alta
:
—
Haile
all
you
stars
so
bright
,
Softly
forerunning
the
round
wheels
of
Night
.
She
is
habited
in
sable
garments
,
for
so
al
writers
agree
,
her
head
bound
up
in
a
black
vaile
,
whom
the
stars
attend
behind
her
Chariot
,
as
well
as
before
:
for
so
Euripides
in
Ione
●estates
:
Invita
nigris
vestibus
currum
insilit
Nox
:
Astra
sunt
deum
secuta
protinus
.
Night
in
black
vesture
mounts
into
her
car
;
Behind
,
the
Stars
attend
her
,
but
not
far
.
Virgil
gives
her
two
horses
to
her
Chariot
:
therefore
Apollonius
in
this
third
book
describing
the
Night
comming
,
Nox
injecit
equis
fuga
,
the
night
upon
her
horses
cast
her
yoak
.
But
this
manner
of
the
nights
progresse
,
is
later
then
in
the
time
of
Homer
,
for
in
his
daies
she
was
allowed
neither
Chariot
nor
horses
,
they
only
deciphered
her
with
wings
,
like
Cupid
or
Victory
.
Some
introduce
her
at
the
departure
of
the
day
,
to
rise
out
of
the
sea
,
as
Virgil
in
his
Aeneids
,
Vertitur
interea
Coelum
:
&
ruit
Oceano
Nox
:
Involvens
umbra
magna
terramque
polumque
.
The
Heaven
mean
time
is
turn'd
,
the
Night
Leaps
from
the
sea
in
hast
,
In
dark
and
pitchy
clouds
:
the
Earth
And
Poles
involving
fast
.
Her
whom
Virgil
brings
from
the
sea
,
Euripides
invocates
as
comming
from
Erebus
in
these
words
,
Verenda
,
Verenda
.
Nox
ex
Erebo
veni
,
Oh
reverend
,
reverend
Night
,
ascend
from
Erebus
.
Orpheus
relates
,
that
she
sends
day
to
the
regions
below
,
and
againe
chaseth
her
thence
,
in
her
own
person
bringing
them
darknesse
.
Quae
Lucem
pellis
sub
terras
,
rursus
&
ipsa
Tartara
nigra
petis
—
Below
the
earth
thou
drivest
Light
,
And
then
againe
thou
bring'st
them
Night
.
In
all
her
sacrifices
,
a
cock
was
still
killed
and
offered
,
as
a
creature
much
opposed
against
silence
:
for
so
Theagines
hath
left
recorded
.
Hercules
Furens
cals
one
of
her
daughters
Rabies
,
her
name
importing
outragious
madnesse
;
a
second
daughter
of
hers
was
called
Rixa
,
which
is
Brawling
and
Scolding
;
a
third
Invidia
,
or
envy
,
for
so
saith
Hesiod
in
his
works
and
daies
:
Nox
peperit
Fatumque
malum
,
par●●●●que
nigrantem
,
Et
mortem
,
&
somnum
divers●
〈◊〉
somnia
:
na●os
,
Hos
peperit
nulli
dea
nox
〈…〉
marito
.
Night
,
evill
fate
brought
forth
,
black
Parc●
bred
,
With
Death
,
and
Sleep
,
and
divers
Dreams
beside
:
Of
all
these
sons
she
was
delivered
,
And
yet
the
goddesse
never
husband
tride
.
Cicero
in
his
third
book
De
natura
Deorum
,
having
numbred
all
the
children
o●
Night
,
derives
them
also
from
their
father
Erebus
,
as
may
appear
in
these
words
:
Quod
si
ita
est
,
&c.
If
it
be
so
(
saith
he
)
those
that
are
the
Parents
of
heaven
should
likewise
be
reckoned
in
the
number
of
the
gods
,
Aether
and
Dies
,
i.
Air
,
and
Day
,
with
their
brothers
and
sisters
;
by
the
ancient
Geneologists
thus
nominated
,
Amor
,
Dolus
,
Metus
,
Labor
,
Invidentia
,
Fatum
,
Sinectus
,
Mors
,
Tenebrae
,
M●s●ria
,
Querel●
,
Gratia
,
Fraus
,
Pertinacia
,
Parcae
,
Hesperides
,
Somnia
:
that
is
,
Love
,
Deceit
,
Feare
,
Labour
,
Envy
,
Fa●●
,
old
Age
,
Death
,
Darknesse
,
Misery
,
Complaint
,
Favor
,
Fraud
,
the
Pa●cae
,
and
the
Helperides
.
All
which
are
by
some
imagined
to
be
the
children
of
Nex
and
Erebus
;
I
will
only
speak
a
little
of
two
of
these
as
they
now
lie
in
my
way
,
and
that
briefly
too
,
and
(
because
it
may
perchance
be
late
before
I
have
done
with
them
)
I
will
conclude
with
Night
.
Death
and
Sleep
are
brother
and
sister
▪
and
both
the
children
of
Night
.
Aristo
cals
Somnus
a
severe
exacter
from
mankind
,
who
as
it
were
vi●lently
snatcheth
away
the
halfe
part
of
our
age
to
bestow
on
Sleep
and
therefore
by
Orpheus
he
is
called
the
brother
of
Lethe
,
which
insinuates
Forgetfulnesse
,
which
he
most
elegantly
expresseth
in
his
hymn
to
Sleep
,
Somne
beatorum
Rex
,
&
Rex
summe
virorum
,
Quem
fugiunt
curiae
,
&c.
Sleep
of
the
blest
man
King
,
and
King
of
men
;
Whom
cares
still
flie
,
and
rest
imbraceth
then
.
Of
mischiefes
,
the
sole
solace
and
best
friend
,
To
give
them
due
repose
,
and
comfort
l●nd
,
Who
putting
on
the
shape
of
Death
,
dost
give
(
Only
by
that
)
all
creatures
means
to
live
.
Sleep
,
thou
hast
but
two
sisters
,
and
these
are
,
Death
and
Oblivion
,
both
which
shorten
care
.
Ovid
in
his
Metamorphos
.
for
his
so
many
benefits
conferred
upon
Mortals
,
Morpheus
,
Icelus
and
Phant●sus
:
for
sleep
it
is
be
moderately
used
,
is
of
all
mortall
things
the
sweetest
,
best
and
most
profitable
,
to
whom
all
creatures
whatsoever
are
subject
,
therefore
not
improperly
by
Orpheus
,
tearmed
the
King
of
men
and
gods
.
The
City
of
Sleep
,
Lucianus
in
his
second
book
Verarum
Historia●um
,
though
tabulously
,
yet
hath
facundiously
described
:
This
City
(
saith
he
)
is
scituate
in
a
most
spatious
and
silent
plaine
,
yet
round
incompast
with
tall
and
spreading
trees
,
amongst
whose
leaves
the
wind
only
whispers
,
but
never
robustiously
blowes
.
There
Poppy
growes
abundantly
,
Mandragora
,
and
all
such
plants
,
herbs
and
simples
,
as
have
the
innate
vertue
to
procure
and
provoke
sleep
.
There
are
multitudes
of
Bats
,
which
flie
continually
this
way
and
that
,
and
betwixt
one
tree
and
other
,
great
store
of
N●ght-ravens
,
Owles
,
and
Screechowles
:
no
bird
that
is
ashamed
of
day
,
but
is
here
frequently
to
be
found
.
But
neither
the
crowing
Cock
,
the
chattering
Pie
,
the
quacking
Duck
,
the
gagling
Goose
,
nor
any
other
fowle
,
either
of
song
or
clamor
can
thither
have
accesse
.
Fast
by
this
City
glides
a
river
with
a
slow
and
silent
pace
,
making
a
murmure
,
but
no
noise
,
rather
to
rock
and
●ull
asleep
than
to
waken
;
the
water
is
thick
and
soft
like
oile
,
the
floods
name
is
Lethe
,
whom
others
call
Nicty
porus
,
it
flowes
from
two
fountain
heads
,
both
hid
and
obscured
in
places
to
no
man
known
,
the
one
is
called
Pannychius
,
the
other
Negre●as
,
This
City
hath
two
ports
or
gates
,
one
of
horn
composed
with
miraculous
workmanship
,
in
which
as
in
a
Table
,
are
expressed
all
such
true
dreams
as
exercise
the
fantasies
of
men
in
their
depth
of
rest
:
The
other
is
made
of
the
most
purest
and
most
white
Ivory
,
in
which
are
carved
all
sorts
of
dreams
,
but
these
as
it
were
artificially
shadowed
by
the
pencill
,
but
none
fully
drawn
and
exprest
to
the
life
.
Within
this
City
wals
is
a
magnificent
and
spatious
structure
,
called
the
Temple
of
Night
,
which
with
all
superstitious
ceremonies
is
religiously
honoured
:
there
is
a
second
instituted
to
the
goddesse
Apales
,
and
a
third
to
Alethia
,
in
both
which
there
are
Oracles
.
The
sole
inhabitants
of
this
place
are
an
infinite
company
,
but
not
a
Citizen
in
shape
or
favour
one
like
another
:
some
are
lean
,
lanck
,
and
little
,
with
crooked
legs
,
and
hutch-backs
,
rather
like
monsters
then
men
;
others
are
comely
,
well
featured
,
tall
and
proper
,
with
cheerfull
faces
,
and
promising
looks
;
some
are
of
a
froward
and
terrible
aspect
,
as
if
they
threatned
mischiefe
and
disaster
;
others
portly
,
gallant
,
and
regally
habited
;
and
whosoever
shall
enter
the
gates
of
this
City
,
some
domestick
dream
or
other
continually
will
encouter
him
and
give
him
a
familiar
and
friendly
salute
,
in
the
shape
of
some
one
of
these
formerly
rehearsed
,
relating
to
him
some
sad
things
,
some
pleasant
things
,
to
minister
content
or
distaste
:
sometimes
they
whisper
truths
,
but
that
seldome
,
for
the
greatest
part
of
that
multitude
are
lying
and
deceitfull
,
because
for
the
most
part
they
speak
one
thing
and
intend
another
:
and
thus
far
Lucianus
of
the
house
of
Sleep
.
I
had
once
occasion
to
write
my selfe
in
this
manner
:
Neer
to
the
dark
Cimme●ians
lies
a
cave
,
Beneath
the
foot
of
a
declining
hill
,
Deep
in
the
earths
warm
intrails
,
like
a
grave
,
Where
charming
silence
makes
all
husht
and
still
;
Hither
did
never
piercing
Sun-beam
crave
Admittance
;
nor
the
voice
of
hunter
shrill
Pierce
through
the
crannies
of
this
concave
deep
,
Where
stands
the
dull
and
leaden
house
of
sleep
▪
Here
the
thick
vapours
from
the
earth
exhal'd
,
Mists
all
the
place
about
:
a
doubtfull
light
,
Begot
twixt
night
and
day
(
when
th'
one
is
fail'd
,
And
the
other
not
yet
perfect
)
duls
the
sight
.
No
wakefull
dog
,
or
clamorous
cock
hath
rail'd
Vpon
the
drow●ie
Morn
,
early
to
dight
The
Suns
steeds
.
Here
,
the
bird
that
sav'd
of
old
,
Romes
Capit●l
,
is
never
heard
to
scold
.
The
brawling
Crane
,
nor
yet
the
p●ating
Crowe
,
Or
tatling
Parret
,
to
d●sturb
the
ea●●
No
bellowing
Bull
,
swift
Hart●or
Asse
more
slow
,
Is
heard
to
bray
:
we
have
all
silence
here
.
Only
a
murmuring
river
(
which
doth
flow
From
Lethe
)
with
his
streams
mongst
pebbles
cleer
,
Luls
the
dull
sense
to
soft
and
feathered
rest
,
Charming
the
cares
and
sorrowes
in
the
brest
.
Before
the
gate
the
drowsie
Poppy
springs
,
With
thousand
plants
and
simples
without
number
;
Not
one
,
but
to
the
brain
a
numnessi
brings
,
Inviting
all
the
powers
of
man
to
sl●mber
;
Whose
milkie
juice
,
the
Night
on
her
black
wings
Beares
t'wart
the
earth
,
and
scatters
.
Who
dares
cumber
This
universall
whistnesse
;
where
none
come
,
But
taciturnity
,
and
silence
dumbe
?
Vpon
the
door
no
ratling
hammers
stroke
Is
heard
without
,
to
startle
those
withn
,
No
creeking
●hinge
,
by
which
oft
sleep
is
broke
.
Than
to
speak
loud
,
there
's
held
no
greater
sin
.
Midst
a
vast
room
,
a
bed
hew'd
out
of
Oke
,
(
That
had
of
late
some
ancient
rel●que
been
Fring'd
with
th●●k●●st
and
lasie
●obwebs
)
stands
,
Not
in
an
age
〈…〉
with
carefull
hands
,
Vpon
this
easie
couch
with
〈◊〉
hung
Of
duskie
coloured
silk
,
you
may
behold
The
god
of
sl●ep
in
carelesse
fashion
flung
,
Stretching
his
drowsie
limbs
,
whom
n●ne
〈◊〉
so
bold
To
●og
or
〈◊〉
where
snortings
are
heard
sung
:
Th'
are
pincht
to
softer
breath
.
Some
dream
of
gold
,
Of
tr●stes
some
:
his
Court
here
Morpheus
keeps
,
Which
no
man
sooner
enters
then
he
sleeps
.
And
this
description
begins
to
make
me
drowsie
already
.
But
lest
speaking
too
much
of
sleep
,
I
may
be
taxed
and
so
taken
napping
my selfe
,
I
leave
the
brother
fast
sleeping
to
find
out
the
sister
,
who
to
the
worlds
end
shall
ever
be
waking
.
Death
is
said
to
be
educated
by
her
mother
Night
.
Pausanias
,
puts
us
in
mind
,
Nec
prece
,
muneribus
,
nec
tu
placabilis
ullis
.
She
is
attired
in
a
sable
garment
spotted
with
stars
.
The
wise
men
of
the
former
ages
extold
her
with
miraculous
praises
,
calling
her
the
portand
only
secure
harbor
of
rest
:
she
frees
the
body
from
a
thousand
pains
and
diseases
,
delivers
the
subject
from
the
cruelty
of
the
tyrant
,
and
makes
the
begger
equall
with
his
Prince
.
She
to
all
good
men
is
acceptable
and
welcome
,
only
dreadfull
to
the
wicked
,
who
have
a
presage
and
feare
of
punishments
to
come
.
Alcidamus
writ
an
excellent
book
in
the
praise
of
Death
,
having
a
large
and
copious
argument
:
in
which
he
strove
to
expresse
with
what
an
equall
sufferance
and
modest
patience
she
was
to
be
enterteined
.
Of
the
same
argument
writes
Plutarch
in
Consolator
:
for
life
is
nothing
else
but
a
light
len●
us
by
the
Creator
of
all
mankind
,
which
if
it
be
redemanded
of
us
,
ought
no
more
grudgingly
to
be
paid
back
,
then
comming
to
a
friends
house
to
be
merry
in
the
morning
,
and
having
feasted
there
all
the
day
,
to
return
to
our
home
at
night
;
or
to
pay
back
what
we
borrow
,
to
the
owner
:
For
there
is
no
injury
done
to
us
,
if
God
demand
that
back
at
our
hands
,
which
he
hath
before
but
lent
us
.
Now
from
the
daughter
to
come
back
to
the
mother
,
and
know
what
is
allegorically
meant
by
Night
.
These
pests
and
mischiefes
before
commemorated
are
therefore
said
to
be
her
sons
and
daughters
,
because
the
ignorance
and
malice
of
man
(
which
is
indeed
the
night
of
the
mind
)
is
the
parent
and
nurse
of
all
calamities
incidents
to
us
:
yet
may
some
of
their
violences
by
wisedome
be
mitigated
,
though
not
frustrated
of
their
ends
,
namely
,
Age
,
Love
,
Fate
,
Death
,
and
the
like
,
who
though
they
be
in
perpetuall
motion
,
their
speed
may
be
slackned
,
though
not
staied
,
and
their
pace
slowed
,
though
not
quire
stopt
She
was
called
the
most
Ancient
,
because
before
the
Heavens
and
the
Sunne
were
created
,
there
was
no
light
ext●nt
;
which
is
said
to
proceed
from
the
lower
parts
of
the
earth
,
in
regard
that
the
Sunne
compassing
the
world
,
when
he
lights
the
Antipodes
with
his
beams
,
the
earth
shadowes
them
from
us
,
which
shadow
is
nothing
else
then
Night
.
She
is
called
the
mother
of
all
,
as
being
before
the
birth
of
any
thing
.
The
word
Nox
is
derived
à
Nocendo
,
of
hurting
or
harming
;
the
reason
is
,
as
some
Physitians
hold
opinion
,
because
the
corrupt
humors
of
the
night
are
infectious
and
dangerous
,
especially
to
men
any
way
diseased
;
of
which
there
is
continuall
experience
in
all
such
as
have
either
wounds
,
or
aches
,
or
agues
,
or
feavers
,
or
the
like
,
to
all
such
weaknesses
or
imperfections
,
the
humours
of
the
night
are
still
most
hurtfull
and
obnoxious
.
And
so
much
briefly
what
morally
can
be
gathered
,
by
that
which
hath
been
fabulously
commented
of
Night
.
That
Sleep
could
not
fasten
on
the
eies
of
Jupiter
,
it
is
intended
,
not
to
be
convenient
for
him
that
hath
the
charge
and
protection
of
the
whole
Universe
,
to
whose
care
and
foresight
the
administration
and
guidance
of
all
things
are
committed
.
should
so
much
as
slumber
or
wink
at
all
;
neither
doth
the
divine
Nature
need
any
rest
to
repaire
and
comfort
his
troubled
spirits
,
when
he
is
not
capable
of
either
labour
or
discommodity
.
And
Lethe
is
called
the
sister
of
Somnu●
,
in
regard
that
by
our
naturall
repose
,
we
for
the
time
forget
all
paine
,
anguish
,
or
trouble
.
Because
he
comes
to
many
creatures
,
and
at
the
same
time
he
is
said
to
be
winged
;
in
regard
the
humour
of
the
Night
encreaseth
the
vapours
of
the
stomack
,
ascending
to
the
higher
parts
of
the
body
,
which
after
by
the
frigidity
of
the
braine
,
descend
againe
lower
,
and
more
cool
,
by
which
Sleep
is
begot
;
he
is
therefore
not
unproperly
called
,
the
son
of
Night
:
which
Night
cals
me
now
to
rest
,
with
the
finishing
of
this
second
book
,
called
Euterpe
.
Explicit
Lib.
2.
THE
FOVRTH
BOOK
inscribed
MELPOMENE
.
Of
Women
incestuous
,
of
Adulteresses
,
and
such
as
have
come
by
strange
deaths
.
NEver
did
my
hand
more
compulsively
direct
my
pen
,
nor
my
pen
with
lesse
willingnesse
blot
paper
,
then
at
this
present
,
being
forced
in
this
tractate
,
to
lay
open
the
frailties
of
this
Sex
,
before
so
much
commended
.
But
his
is
my
encouragement
to
proceed
,
because
I
can
produce
nothing
out
of
History
,
to
the
disgrace
of
the
bad
and
vicious
,
which
adds
not
to
the
honour
of
the
good
and
vertuous
.
Were
none
soule
,
what
benefit
were
it
to
be
faire
?
and
if
none
deformed
,
what
grace
could
it
be
to
be
well
featured
?
There
were
no
honour
to
be
ascribed
to
modestie
,
but
that
we
see
the
dishonour
of
immodesty
depending
;
nor
to
the
temperate
,
but
that
we
daily
find
the
inconveniences
inherent
to
riot
and
excesse
.
Besides
,
were
all
alike
faire
,
what
praise
were
it
to
be
beautifull
?
or
if
all
alike
chast
,
what
admiration
could
be
attributed
to
so
rare
a
Vertue
?
As
we
see
in
the
trying
of
metals
there
is
the
gold
and
the
drosse
;
in
the
progresse
of
time
,
there
is
day
and
night
,
comprehending
light
and
darknesse
;
in
the
creation
of
man
,
there
is
the
immortall
soule
and
the
corruptible
flesh
.
And
as
it
hath
pleased
the
divine
Providence
,
to
provide
a
heaven
and
a
hell
,
the
one
to
crown
the
vertuous
,
the
other
to
condemn
the
wicked
:
so
there
is
a
necessity
of
number
to
people
both
,
nor
are
the
torments
of
the
one
more
feelingly
apprehended
,
then
in
contemplating
the
joies
and
felicities
of
the
other
.
Amongst
artificers
,
vessels
are
made
some
for
honour
,
and
some
for
dishonour
;
in
all
estates
there
are
the
noble
and
the
base
;
amongst
Princes
,
the
good
King
and
the
Tyrant
;
amongst
subjects
,
the
true
liegeman
,
and
the
traitor
;
in
schools
,
the
learned
and
the
ignorant
;
amongst
Magistrates
,
the
wise
and
the
foolish
;
if
one
be
bountifull
,
another
is
ava●itious
and
griping
;
if
one
pious
and
religious
,
others
atheisticall
and
prophane
;
neither
is
the
vilenesse
of
the
one
any
a●persion
or
blemish
to
the
other
,
but
rather
as
a
foile
to
set
it
off
with
more
lustre
and
beauty
.
Those
therefore
that
are
before
presented
,
are
to
imitate
:
the
rest
that
in
this
next
book
succeed
,
to
beware
and
shun
.
For
who
so
foolish
,
that
seeing
shelves
and
sands
on
the
one
side
,
and
safe
harbour
on
the
other
,
will
forsake
the
part
of
security
,
willingly
to
swallow
himself
up
in
the
quick
sands
:
therefore
I
wish
you
all
to
strive
,
that
the
beauty
of
your
mind
may
still
exceed
that
of
your
bodies
;
because
the
first
apprehends
a
noble
divinity
,
the
last
is
subject
to
all
trailey
:
and
as
the
higher
powers
have
bestowed
on
you
the
fairnesse
above
man
,
to
equall
that
excellency
of
judgement
and
wisedome
,
in
which
man
claims
justly
a
priority
before
you
,
so
it
is
both
behoofefull
and
becomming
your
Sex
,
that
your
outward
perfections
should
altogether
aim
at
the
inward
p●l●hritude
of
the
mind
;
since
the
first
is
accidentall
and
casuall
,
the
●ast
stable
and
permanent
,
Besides
,
if
beauty
be
once
branded
with
the
name
of
impudence
or
inchastity
,
it
makes
that
which
in
it selfe
is
both
laudable
and
desired
,
rejected
and
altogether
despised
.
For
vertue
once
violated
b●ings
infamy
and
dishonour
,
not
only
to
the
person
offending
,
but
contaminates
the
whole
progeny
;
nay
more
,
looks
back
even
to
the
injured
ashes
of
the
ancestors
,
be
they
never
so
noble
:
for
the
mind
,
〈◊〉
the
body
,
in
the
act
of
adultery
being
both
corrupted
,
makes
the
action
infamous
and
dishonourable
,
dispersing
the
poi●on
of
the
sin
even
amongst
those
from
whom
she
derives
her
birth
;
as
if
with
her
earthly
being
,
they
had
given
her
therewith
her
corruptions
,
and
the
first
occasion
of
this
her
infamy
.
It
extends
likewise
to
the
posterity
which
shall
arise
from
so
corrupt
a
seed
,
generated
from
unlawfull
and
adulterate
copulation
.
How
chary
then
ought
a
faire
woman
to
be
,
to
strengthen
her
bodily
beauty
with
that
of
the
mind
?
Of
what
small
continuance
it
is
,
and
how
nature
hath
disposed
of
your
age
,
you
should
consider
:
the
beauty
of
your
Cradle
you
cannot
apprehend
,
nor
of
your
Childhood
,
and
therefore
in
it
you
can
take
neither
pride
nor
delight
,
or
if
you
could
,
it
is
not
yet
perfect
When
you
grow
ripe
for
marriage
,
and
that
it
begins
to
attract
you
sutors
and
servants
,
it
growes
to
bud
,
and
is
then
commonly
in
the
blossome
,
when
you
have
made
choice
of
a
husband
:
as
you
begin
to
be
the
fruitfull
mother
of
children
,
so
one
by
one
the
leaves
fade
and
fall
away
.
Alas
,
how
swiftly
doth
Age
with
wrinkles
steal
upon
you
,
and
then
where
is
that
admiration
it
before
attracted
?
neither
is
that
small
season
free
from
the
blastings
of
disease
,
and
canke●
worms
of
sicknesse
,
able
to
make
the
fairest
amongst
you
to
look
aged
in
her
youth
.
Then
may
the
choicest
of
you
with
beautifull
Lais
,
who
when
she
saw
the
Lillies
in
her
brow
faded
,
and
the
Roses
in
her
cheeks
wither'd
the
Diamonds
in
her
eies
lose
their
lustre
,
and
the
Rubies
in
her
lips
their
colour
(
as
being
n●w
grown
in
yeares
)
in
these
words
,
give
up
your
looking
glasses
back
to
Venus
.
Nunc
mihi
nullus
in
hoc
usus
,
quia
cernere
talem
Qualis
sum
,
nolo
,
qualis
eram
,
nequ●o
.
Now
there
's
nouse
of
thee
at
all
,
Because
I
have
no
will
To
see
what
I
am
now
;
and
what
I
was
,
I
cannot
still
.
If
then
this
rare
ornament
be
of
such
small
permanence
,
even
in
the
best
;
How
much
then
is
it
to
be
underprized
,
when
it
is
contaminated
and
spotted
with
lust
and
unlawfull
prostitution
?
since
it
is
a
maxime
,
That
things
common
are
so
far
from
begetting
appetite
and
affection
,
that
they
rather
engender
the
seeds
of
contempt
and
hatred
:
for
how
should
any
thing
festered
and
corrupt
,
please
the
eie
?
or
that
wich
is
rotten
and
unsound
,
give
content
unto
the
palate
?
But
to
return
to
my
first
Apology
:
needfull
it
is
,
that
to
the
Tragick
Muse
Melpomene
,
I
should
suit
Tragicall
history
,
wherein
if
any
women
be
personated
for
Inconstancy
,
Intemperance
,
Adultery
,
Incest
,
or
any
such
vile
and
abominable
action
;
she
hath
in
that
disgraced
her selfe
,
not
her
sex
,
as
stretching
no
further
then
the
delinquent
.
It
any
man
object
and
say
they
are
bad
presidents
,
to
him
I
answer
,
they
are
examples
of
horror
to
be
eschewed
,
not
imitated
,
which
in
their
own
natures
beget
a
loathing
,
not
liking
:
and
for
placing
them
next
to
and
so
neer
to
the
women
Illustrious
,
I
will
excuse
my selfe
in
this
short
Epigram
.
A
skilfull
Painter
having
limm'd
a
face
Surpassing
faire
,
of
admirable
feature
,
Sets
by
the
same
,
to
give
it
the
more
grace
,
The
pourtrait
of
some
foule
deformed
creature
.
No
doubt
,
as
much
art
in
the
last
is
shown
,
As
in
the
first
,
albeit
that
pleaseth
most
How
ever
to
the
workman
't
is
〈…〉
They
both
to
him
ar●
of
lik●
care
and
cost
.
'T
is
so
with
me
,
I
have
set
before
you
many
B●ave
Ladies
,
of
the●
all
to
take
full
view
,
Pleasing
to
th'
eie
〈…〉
Whom
a
more
willing
workman
〈…〉
)
Should
these
appeare
rough
hew'd
or
of
bad
savour
,
And
whose
aspect
cannot
so
well
〈◊〉
you
,
Perhaps
the
next
of
more
delight
〈…〉
And
grinding
other
colours
I
'll
pre●●●
you
A
smoother
piece
,
and
li●●●
(
if
I
be
able
)
A
fairer
face
in
a
more
curious
fable
.
Of
women
incestuous
,
and
first
of
Q.
Semiramis
.
IT
is
questioned
by
some
authors
,
concerning
this
potent
and
mighty
Queen
,
whether
she
be
more
renowned
for
her
brave
and
magnanimous
exploits
,
or
notorious
for
her
ignoble
and
infamous
actions
?
some
willing
,
that
for
her
vertues
sake
,
her
vices
should
be
utterly
buried
in
oblivion
;
others
in
regard
of
what
was
bad
in
her
,
that
nothing
good
or
commendable
might
of
her
to
posterity
be
remembred
.
I
purpose
to
give
you
a
taste
of
both
.
Some
say
she
was
called
Semiramis
,
of
the
birds
,
named
[
*
](A43596-e67700-b)
*
The
name
of
birds
common
in
〈◊〉
Coun●●●
▪
Semiramides
,
by
which
it
is
said
she
was
fostered
in
her
infancy
:
but
that
bearing
no
shew
of
truth
,
others
derive
her
denomination
from
Samir
,
which
in
the
Hebrew
and
the
Syrian
dialect
imports
as
much
as
Adamant
;
because
her
noble
and
brave
atchievements
,
attracted
the
hearts
of
that
barbarous
rude
Nation
,
to
her
admiration
and
love
,
as
the
Adamant
drawes
iron
.
Plutarch
in
libro
Amator
.
saith
,
she
was
a
damosell
of
Syria
,
and
concubine
to
the
King
of
that
Country
,
with
whose
love
Ninus
being
after
besotted
,
took
her
to
his
wife
;
of
whom
she
had
that
predominance
,
that
though
before
he
had
conquered
all
the
Eastern
parts
,
subjugated
his
neighbour
Kings
,
and
subdued
Zoroastres
Monarch
of
the
Bactrians
(
he
that
was
the
first
inventor
of
the
Art
magick
,
that
devised
the
principles
of
Astrology
,
and
found
out
the
true
motions
of
the
stars
)
notwithstanding
she
so
far
prevailed
with
him
,
that
for
one
day
she
might
sit
in
the
roiall
throne
,
and
for
that
space
have
the
regall
jurisdiction
in
her
full
power
,
with
intire
command
over
the
whole
Empire
.
In
the
morning
of
her
soveraignty
,
she
imposed
upon
the
subjects
such
modest
and
mild
injunctions
,
that
ere
noon
she
had
insinuated
into
their
bosomes
so
far
,
that
she
found
them
so
pliable
and
conformable
to
her
desires
,
that
she
presumed
there
was
nothing
so
difficult
and
impossible
,
which
for
her
sake
they
would
not
boldly
and
resolutely
undertake
.
Upon
this
presumption
,
she
stretched
her
usurpation
so
far
,
that
she
commanded
them
to
lay
hands
upon
the
King
her
husband
before
night
,
and
committing
him
to
prison
,
caused
him
within
few
daies
to
be
put
to
death
.
She
had
by
Ninus
one
son
,
called
Ninus
junior
,
who
should
have
succeeded
his
father
,
that
for
fifty
two
years
space
,
had
swaied
the
Babylonian
Empire
:
but
whether
in
her
own
ambition
desirous
of
the
principality
,
or
finding
her
son
too
effeminate
to
be
Lord
over
so
great
a
people
,
and
uncertaine
withall
,
whether
so
many
men
,
and
of
so
many
sundry
Nations
,
would
submit
themselves
to
the
soveraignty
of
a
woman
,
all
these
suppositions
being
doubtfull
,
certain
it
is
,
that
instead
of
the
mother
of
Ninus
,
she
assumed
the
person
of
Ninus
her
son
,
changing
her
womans
shape
into
the
habit
of
a
mans
;
for
they
were
of
one
stature
,
proportioned
in
lineaments
alike
,
semblant
in
voice
,
and
in
all
accomplements
difficultly
to
be
distinguished
,
insomuch
,
that
never
mother
and
child
could
have
more
true
resemblance
:
having
therefore
lull'd
her
son
in
all
effeminacy
,
and
at●i●●d
him
in
her
Queen-like
vesture
,
the
better
to
shadow
her
own
proportion
,
she
suited
her selfe
in
long
garments
,
and
commanded
all
her
subjects
to
do
the
like
;
which
habit
hath
been
amongst
the
Assyrians
,
Bactrians
,
and
Babylonians
in
use
even
to
this
day
.
Upon
her
head
she
wore
a
Turba●●
o●
Myter
,
such
as
none
but
Kings
used
to
adorn
their
heads
with
:
so
that
in
the
beginning
;
she
was
known
for
no
other
then
the
Prince
,
in
whose
name
she
accomplisht
many
notable
and
noble
atchievements
,
at
whose
amplitude
,
Envy
and
Emulation
stood
amazed
,
confessing
her
in
all
her
attempts
supereminent
;
neither
did
her
heroick
actions
any
way
derogate
from
the
honour
of
the
Empire
,
but
rather
add
to
the
splendour
thereof
,
admiration
,
in
regard
a
woman
had
not
only
excelled
all
of
her
sex
in
valour
,
but
might
claim
a
just
priority
over
men
.
She
built
the
mighty
City
Babylon
,
and
the
stately
wals
,
reckoned
amongst
the
seven
wonders
.
Trogus
Pompeius
.
Berosus
affi●ms
as
m●ch
,
these
be
his
words
:
Nemo
unquam
huic
seminae
comparandus
est
virorum
,
tanta
in
ejus
vita
scribuntur
cum
ad
vituperationem
,
tum
maxime
ad
laudem
.
No
man
was
ever
to
be
compared
with
this
woman
,
such
great
things
have
been
written
of
her
,
partly
to
her
disgrace
,
but
chiefly
to
her
praise
.
He
proceeds
further
:
She
was
the
fourth
that
reigned
in
Assyria
(
for
so
it
is
approved
)
Nim●o●
was
the
first
,
being
father
to
Belus
,
and
grand-father
to
Ninus
,
which
Ninus
was
the
first
that
made
war
upon
his
neighbours
,
and
usurped
their
dominions
,
in
whom
began
to
cease
the
Golden
world
:
whom
his
widdow
Queen
succeeded
,
counterfeiting
the
shape
of
man
.
She
was
after
slain
by
her
sonne
Ninus
the
second
of
that
name
,
who
as
Eusebius
writes
,
after
her
death
swai'd
the
Scepter
thirty
and
eight
years
.
One
memorable
thing
is
recorded
of
her
by
Diodorus
S.
culu●
,
lib.
3.
as
also
by
Vitruvius
.
This
Qu●en
being
making
her selfe
ready
in
her
Palace
roiall
,
when
the
one
part
of
her
hair
was
bound
up
,
and
the
other
halfe
hung
loose
upon
her
shoulders
,
suddenly
newes
was
brought
her
,
That
the
Citizens
of
Babylon
were
revolted
,
and
all
or
most
of
them
in
mutiny
and
uprore
.
She
presently
posted
into
the
City
,
and
what
with
her
presence
and
perswasion
,
atton'd
the
discord
,
and
before
she
had
leasure
to
put
her
disordered
curls
in
form
,
reconciled
the
hearts
of
that
innumerable
people
to
her
obedience
:
for
which
her
statue
was
erected
in
the
City
,
being
pourtraied
half
ready
,
halfe
unready
,
in
memory
of
that
noble
and
magnananous
adventure
.
Something
of
the
best
that
was
in
her
,
though
not
all
,
you
have
heard
,
the
worst
is
to
come
.
Juba
apud
Pli.
relates
that
she
imitated
the
fashions
of
men
,
neglecting
the
habit
of
her
own
Sex
,
and
in
her
latter
years
grew
to
that
debauch'd
effeminacy
and
sordid
lust
,
that
she
did
not
only
admit
but
allure
and
compell
into
her
goat●sh
embraces
,
many
of
her
souldiers
,
without
respect
of
their
degrees
or
places
,
so
they
were
well
featured
,
able
and
lusty
of
performance
,
whom
when
they
had
wasted
their
bodies
upon
her
,
she
caused
to
be
most
cruelly
murthered
.
She
was
slain
by
her
own
sonne
,
because
most
incestuously
sought
his
bed
:
but
,
which
of
all
the
rest
is
most
prodigious
and
abominable
,
she
is
reported
to
have
company
with
a
horse
,
on
whom
she
unnaturally
doted
.
But
these
things
whether
related
for
truth
,
or
recorded
of
malice
,
I
am
altogether
ignorant
,
and
therefore
leave
it
to
censure
.
Herodotus
,
Plutarch
,
and
others
.
wr●t
,
that
she
caused
these
words
to
be
inscribed
upon
her
Tomb.
Quicunque
Rex
pecun●●
indiget
ap●●to
monumento
,
quod
voluerit
accipiat
,
that
is
,
What
〈…〉
hath
need
of
coin
,
search
this
monument
.
and
〈…〉
find
what
〈◊〉
desires
.
This
when
King
Darius
〈…〉
thinking
some
magazine
of
treasure
had
been
therein
included
,
he
caused
the
Tomb
stone
to
be
removed
;
where
he
found
upon
the
other
side
thereof
,
these
words
engraven
,
Nisi
Rex
avarus
esses
&
pecuniae
insatiabil●s
mor●uorum
mon●menta
non
violassis
,
i.
Hadst
thou
not
been
an
avaritioas
King
,
and
insatiable
of
co●n
,
thou
wouldst
not
have
ransacked
the
grave
of
the
dead
.
Thus
,
as
Franciscus
Patricius
Pontifex
saith
,
the
excellent
Lady
in
her
death
●●unted
the
〈◊〉
avarice
of
the
living
.
That
the
monuments
of
the
de●d
are
no
way
to
be
violated
or
detaced
.
Sertor●us
hath
taught
us
,
who
having
subdued
the
City
Tigenna
,
scituate
in
the
Countrie
of
Maurusia
,
in
which
a
noble
sepulchre
was
▪
which
the
inhabitants
said
belonged
to
Antaeus
(
which
was
the
gyant
slain
by
Hercules
:
)
when
the
greatnesse
of
the
grave
exceeded
all
beliefe
,
Sertorius
caused
it
to
be
ruined
,
and
there
digged
up
a
body
(
as
Plutarch
witnes●e●h
)
of
seventy
cubits
in
length
;
which
beholding
and
wondering
at
,
he
caused
it
to
be
repaired
with
greater
beauty
then
before
,
lest
by
diminishing
that
,
he
might
have
ruined
a
great
part
of
his
own
honour
.
Pasiphae
.
THis
Lady
,
though
I
cannot
fitly
introduce
her
within
the
number
of
the
incestuous
,
yet
for
that
horrid
act
which
the
Poets
have
reported
of
her
,
I
shal
not
impertinently
place
her
next
to
Semiramis
Apollodorus
Grammaticus
in
his
book
,
de
Deorum
origine
(
as
Benedictus
Aeginus
Spoletinus
interprets
him
)
thus
sets
down
her
history
:
Ninus
King
of
Creet
,
espoused
Pasiphae
,
daughter
of
the
Sun
and
Perseis
,
or
(
as
Asclepiades
cals
her
)
Creta
,
the
daughter
of
Aterius
,
she
had
by
him
foure
sons
,
Cretaeus
,
Deucalion
,
Glaucus
and
Androgeus
,
and
as
many
daughters
,
Hecate
,
Xenodice
,
Ariadne
,
and
Phaedra
.
This
Minos
peaceably
to
enjoy
his
Kingdome
,
had
promised
to
offer
such
a
bull
to
Neptune
;
but
having
obtained
his
desires
,
he
sent
that
Bull
before
markt
out
,
back
to
the
herd
,
and
caused
another
of
lesse
value
to
be
sacrificed
:
at
which
Neptune
inraged
,
knew
not
with
what
greater
punishment
to
afflict
him
for
the
breach
of
his
faith
,
then
to
make
his
wife
most
preposterously
and
against
nature
,
to
dote
on
that
beast
which
he
had
so
carefully
preserved
.
She
therefore
confederated
with
Dedalus
,
a
great
Artsmaster
(
one
that
for
murder
had
fled
from
Athens
,
and
with
his
son
Icarus
there
secured
himselfe
)
he
devised
by
his
mischievous
skill
,
a
woodden
Cow
,
hollowed
within
with
such
artificiall
conveyance
,
that
the
Queen
enclosed
,
had
satisfaction
of
her
desires
,
to
the
glutting
of
her
libidinous
appetite
.
Of
this
congression
she
conceived
and
brought
forth
a
son
called
Asterion
,
or
(
as
the
most
will
have
it
)
Minotaurus
,
shaped
with
a
buls
head
and
a
mans
body
.
About
this
monstrous
issue
,
Minos
consulted
with
the
Oracle
;
which
advised
him
to
shut
him
in
a
Labyrinth
,
and
there
see
him
safely
brought
up
and
kept
.
This
Labyrinth
(
the
first
that
ever
was
)
was
built
by
Dedalus
,
being
a
house
so
intricated
with
windings
and
turnings
,
this
way
and
that
way
,
now
forward
,
then
backward
,
that
it
was
scarce
possible
for
any
that
entred
therein
,
Pasiphae
.
Minos
being
afflicted
with
a
disease
in
his
secret
parts
,
with
which
he
had
been
long
grieved
,
was
at
length
by
Crides
,
who
belonged
to
Pandion
,
cured
.
In
the
interim
of
this
his
defect
and
weaknesse
,
the
Queen
cast
an
adulterate
eie
upon
a
fair
young
man
called
Taurus
,
whom
(
Servius
saith
)
was
the
scribe
or
secretary
to
the
King
;
she
prostituting
her selfe
to
his
embraces
,
when
the
full
time
was
expired
she
produced
her
issue
:
which
Minos
seeing
,
and
taking
a
true
supputation
of
the
time
,
comparing
the
birth
with
his
discontinuance
from
her
bed
(
by
reason
of
his
disease
)
apprehended
the
adultery
;
notwithstanding
he
was
unwilling
to
kill
the
bastard
,
because
it
had
a
resemblance
to
the
rest
of
his
children
,
though
an
impression
of
the
fathers
face
,
by
which
the
adulterer
might
easily
be
known
.
Minos
therefore
to
conceal
his
own
discontents
,
and
as
much
as
in
him
lay
,
to
hide
his
wives
shame
,
whom
no
endearedly
affected
,
caused
the
infant
to
be
carried
into
a
remote
mountain
,
and
there
by
the
Kings
herds
men
to
be
fostered
.
But
growing
towards
manhood
,
he
likewise
grew
intractable
and
disobedient
to
those
whose
charge
he
was
committed
.
The
King
therefore
confin'd
him
into
a
deep
cave
digg'd
in
a
rock
of
purpose
,
not
to
curb
his
fierce
and
cruell
disposition
,
but
rather
encourage
it
;
for
whosoever
at
any
time
he
feared
,
or
whatsoever
he
was
that
had
offended
him
,
he
sent
him
to
this
Minotaur
,
on
some
impertinent
or
other
,
by
whom
he
was
cruelly
butchered
.
The
cave
was
called
Labyrinthus
,
and
therefore
described
with
so
many
intricate
blind
Meanders
,
in
regard
of
the
difficulty
of
his
return
with
life
,
who
was
seen
to
enter
there
.
Therefore
when
Theseus
came
to
Minos
,
he
sent
him
to
be
devoured
by
this
Minotaur
:
of
which
Ariadne
having
notice
,
being
enamoured
of
Theseus
,
she
sent
him
a
sword
by
which
he
slew
the
monstrous
Homicide
;
and
that
was
the
clew
so
often
remembred
by
the
Poets
,
which
guided
Theseus
out
of
the
Labyrinth
.
Canace
,
Canusia
,
Valeria
Tusculana
.
MAcareus
and
Canace
were
brother
and
sister
,
the
sonne
and
daughter
to
Aeolus
King
of
the
winds
(
for
so
the
Poets
feigned
him
,
because
the
clouds
and
mists
arising
from
the
seven
Aeolian
Islands
,
of
which
he
was
King
,
alwaies
pretended
great
gusts
and
tempests
)
he
is
reported
to
be
the
son
of
Jupiter
and
Alceste
,
daughter
to
Hyppotes
the
Tyrian
,
of
whom
he
had
the
denomination
of
Hippotides
.
This
Macareus
and
Canace
,
having
most
lewdly
and
incestuously
loved
one
another
,
covering
their
bedding
and
bosoming
under
the
unsuspected
pretext
of
consanguinity
and
neernesse
in
blood
:
It
could
no
longer
be
conceal'd
by
reason
Canace
at
length
brought
forth
a
son
,
which
as
she
would
secretly
have
conveied
out
of
the
Court
by
the
hands
of
her
trusty
Nurse
,
who
had
been
before
acquainted
with
all
their
wicked
proceedings
;
the
infant
by
crying
betraied
it selfe
to
the
grandfather
,
who
searching
the
Nurse
,
examining
the
matter
,
finding
the
incest
,
and
miserably
distracted
with
the
horridnesse
of
the
fact
:
instantly
in
the
heat
of
his
incensed
anger
,
caused
the
innocent
infant
to
be
cut
in
pieces
,
and
limb
by
limp
cast
to
the
dogs
,
and
before
his
face
devoured
.
This
Macareus
hearing
,
took
sanctuary
in
the
Temple
of
Apollo
;
but
Canace
by
reason
of
her
greennesse
and
weak
estate
,
not
able
to
make
escape
,
and
shun
the
violence
of
her
fathers
threatned
fury
:
he
sent
her
a
sword
,
and
withall
commanded
her
to
punish
her selfe
according
to
the
nature
of
the
fact
.
Which
she
receiving
,
writ
a
passionate
letter
to
her
brother
,
in
which
she
first
besought
him
to
have
a
care
of
his
safety
,
and
next
to
cause
the
bones
of
the
slaughter'd
infant
to
be
gathered
together
,
and
put
into
an
urn
with
hers
:
this
having
done
,
with
the
sword
sent
her
by
her
father
,
she
transpierc'd
her self
,
Papirius
Volucris
,
who
being
found
with
child
by
Papirius
Romanus
her
own
naturall
brother
,
when
the
heinousnesse
of
the
fact
came
to
the
knowledge
of
the
father
,
he
sent
to
either
of
them
a
sharp
sword
;
with
which
they
as
resolutely
slew
themselves
,
as
they
had
before
rashly
offended
.
The
like
successe
of
her
incestuous
affection
had
Valeria
Tusculana
,
Julia
,
the
Empresse
.
THese
abominable
sins
that
have
been
punisht
in
inferiour
persons
,
have
in
great
ones
been
countenanced
.
Sextus
Aurelius
,
and
Aelius
Spartianus
,
both
testifie
,
That
Antonius
Caracalla
Emperour
,
doting
upon
his
stepmother
Julia
,
was
often
heard
to
say
in
her
presence
,
I
would
if
it
were
lawfull
;
at
length
apprehending
his
purpose
,
to
these
his
words
,
she
made
this
reply
:
What
you
list
to
doe
(
O
Emperour
)
you
may
make
lawfull
,
Princes
have
power
to
make
Lawes
,
but
are
not
tied
to
keep
any
:
by
which
words
imboldned
,
he
took
her
to
his
bed
,
whose
son
Geta
but
a
while
before
he
had
caused
to
be
slain
.
Herodotus
remembers
us
of
one
Opaea
the
stempmother
to
Scithes
King
of
the
Scythians
,
Ptolomaeus
Evergetes
was
made
partner
both
of
his
bed
and
Kingdome
.
Arsinoe
Ptolomaeus
Philadelphus
became
his
concubine
.
The
like
did
Herod
Antipas
unto
Herodias
Marcus
Antonius
Emperour
,
became
her
brothers
paramour
;
on
whom
he
begat
Lucilla
,
L.
Antonius
.
Theodoricus
King
of
the
Frenchmen
,
married
the
daughter
of
his
own
brother
,
whom
he
before
had
slain
.
And
Pontanus
remembers
us
of
one
Johannes
Ariminensis
,
who
espoused
his
own
sister
.
Philip
the
brother
of
Alphonsus
the
tenth
King
of
Spaine
,
forcibly
married
Christiana
,
Antiochus
Soter
King
of
Syria
,
his
own
father
at
his
importunity
gave
her
up
into
his
sons
incestuous
embra●es
.
Virgil
in
his
tenth
book
speaks
of
Casperia
,
The
sisters
of
Cambyses
.
THese
might
seem
fearfull
enough
before
related
,
but
I
will
give
you
a
short
taste
of
some
more
abominable
:
I
have
shewed
the
examples
of
Lust
,
but
these
following
are
besides
lust
,
polluted
with
unheard
of
Tyranny
.
Herodotus
in
his
third
book
speaking
at
large
of
the
life
and
acts
of
Cambyses
the
great
Persian
King
,
and
son
of
Cyrus
,
relates
,
that
having
shewed
his
puissance
abroad
in
Egypt
,
Greece
,
and
other
places
,
to
the
terror
of
the
greatest
of
the
world
:
he
caused
his
innocent
brother
Smerdis
,
to
be
secretly
made
away
by
the
hand
of
his
most
trusted
Praxaspes
.
The
next
inhumanity
which
he
purposed
to
exemplifie
unto
the
world
,
was
the
death
of
his
sister
,
who
followed
him
in
his
Camp
to
Egypt
,
and
back
again
:
being
not
only
his
sister
by
parents
,
but
his
wife
also
.
The
manner
how
she
came
to
be
his
Queen
,
was
as
followeth
;
Before
his
time
it
was
not
lawfull
,
but
punishable
amongst
the
Persians
,
to
marry
into
that
proximity
of
blood
:
but
Cambyses
surprized
with
the
love
of
his
sister
,
and
having
resolved
by
what
means
soever
,
to
make
her
his
wife
,
yet
to
colour
his
purpose
,
he
sent
for
those
honourable
persons
who
were
stiled
the
Kings
Judges
,
being
selected
men
for
their
wisedomes
,
and
of
great
place
and
quality
,
as
those
that
enjoy
their
offices
Durante
via
,
unlesse
some
capitall
crime
be
proved
against
them
;
besides
,
they
are
the
expounders
of
the
Lawes
,
and
to
their
causes
all
matters
of
doubt
and
controversie
are
referred
.
These
being
convented
,
The
King
demanded
of
them
,
Whether
they
had
any
one
law
amongst
so
many
,
which
licenc'd
a
man
(
that
had
a
will
so
to
do
)
to
contract
matrimony
with
his
sister
?
to
whom
the
Judges
thus
ingeniously
answered
:
We
have
indeed
no
Law
which
gives
licence
for
a
brother
to
marry
with
a
sister
,
but
we
have
found
a
Law
(
O
Soveraigne
)
which
warrants
the
King
of
Persia
to
do
whatsoever
liketh
him
best
.
Thus
they
without
abrogation
of
the
Persian
Laws
,
soothed
the
Kings
humor
,
and
preserv'd
their
own
honours
and
lives
,
who
had
they
crost
him
in
the
least
of
his
designs
,
had
all
undoubtedly
perished
:
This
he
made
the
ground
for
the
marriage
of
the
first
,
and
not
long
after
he
adventured
upon
the
second
The
younger
of
these
two
who
attended
him
into
Egypt
,
he
slew
,
whose
death
,
as
that
of
her
brother
Smerdis
,
is
doubtfully
reported
.
The
Graecians
write
,
that
two
whelps
,
the
one
of
a
Lion
,
the
other
of
a
Dog
,
were
brought
before
Cambyses
to
sight
and
try
masteries
,
at
which
sight
the
young
Lady
was
present
:
but
the
Lion
having
victory
over
the
Dog
,
another
of
the
same
●itter
broke
his
chain
,
and
taking
his
brothers
part
,
they
two
had
superiority
over
the
Lyon
.
Cambyses
at
this
sight
taking
great
delight
,
she
then
sitting
next
him
,
upon
the
sudden
fell
a
weeping
:
this
the
King
observing
,
demanded
the
occasion
of
her
teares
,
she
answered
,
it
was
at
that
object
to
see
one
brother
so
willing
to
help
the
other
,
and
therefore
she
wept
to
remember
her
brothers
death
,
and
knew
no
man
then
living
that
was
ready
to
revenge
it
;
and
for
this
cause
(
say
the
Greeks
)
she
was
doom'd
to
death
by
Cambyses
.
The
Egyptians
report
it
another
way
;
That
she
sitting
with
her
brother
at
table
,
out
of
a
sallet
dish
took
a
lettice
,
and
pluckt
off
leafe
by
leafe
,
and
shewing
it
to
her
husband
,
asked
him
,
Whether
a
whole
lettice
or
one
so
despoiled
,
shewed
the
better
?
who
answered
,
a
whole
one
:
then
(
said
she
)
behold
how
this
lettice
now
unleaved
looketh
,
even
so
hast
thou
disfigured
and
made
naked
the
house
of
King
Cyrus
.
With
which
words
he
was
so
incensed
,
that
he
kicked
and
spurned
her
(
then
being
great
with
child
)
with
that
violence
,
that
she
miscarried
in
her
child
birth
,
and
died
ere
she
was
delivered
:
and
these
were
the
murderous
effects
of
his
detestable
incest
.
Of
Livia
Horestilla
,
Lollia
Paulina
,
Cesonia
,
&c.
IT
is
reported
of
the
Emperour
Caligula
,
that
he
had
not
onely
illegall
and
incestuous
converse
with
his
three
naturall
sisters
,
but
that
he
after
caused
them
before
his
face
to
be
prostitued
by
his
ministers
and
servants
,
thereby
to
bring
them
within
the
compasse
of
the
Aemilian
Law
,
and
convict
them
of
adultery
.
Livia
Horestilla
,
the
wife
of
C.
Pisonius
,
Lollia
Paulina
,
whom
he
caused
to
be
divorced
from
her
husband
C.
Memnius
,
Gordianus
junior
(
who
was
competitio●
with
his
father
in
the
Empire
)
kept
two
and
twenty
concubines
,
Johannes
Picus
Mirandula
relates
of
Hercules
,
as
that
he
l●y
with
fifty
daughters
of
Lycomedes
in
one
night
,
and
got
them
all
with
child
with
forty
nine
boies
,
only
failing
in
the
last
,
for
that
proved
a
girle
.
Jocasta
.
APollodorus
Atheniensis
in
his
third
book
,
De
deorum
origine
,
records
this
history
.
After
the
death
of
Amphion
King
of
Thebes
,
Laius
succeeded
,
who
took
to
wife
the
daughter
of
Menocoeas
,
called
Jocasta
,
or
(
as
others
write
)
Epicasta
.
This
Laius
being
warned
by
the
Oracle
,
that
if
of
her
he
begat
a
son
,
he
should
prove
a
Parricide
,
and
be
the
death
of
his
father
;
notwithstanding
,
forgetting
himselfe
in
the
distemperature
of
wine
,
he
lay
with
her
;
the
same
night
she
conceived
,
and
in
processe
brought
forth
a
male
issue
,
whom
the
King
caused
to
be
cast
out
into
the
mountain
Cytheron
,
thinking
by
that
means
●o
prevent
the
predicted
destiny
Polybus
the
herdsman
to
the
King
of
Corinth
,
finding
this
infant
,
bore
it
home
to
his
wife
Periboea
,
who
nursed
and
brought
it
up
as
her
own
,
and
causing
the
swelling
of
the
feet
(
with
which
the
child
was
then
troubled
)
to
be
cured
,
they
grounded
his
name
from
that
disease
,
and
called
him
Oedipus
.
This
in●ant
as
he
had
increased
in
years
,
so
he
did
in
all
the
perfections
of
nature
,
as
well
in
the
accomplishments
of
the
●ind
as
the
body
;
insomuch
,
that
as
well
in
capacity
and
volubility
of
speech
,
as
in
all
active
and
generous
exercises
,
he
was
excellent
above
all
of
his
age
,
his
vertues
being
generally
envied
by
such
as
could
nor
equall
them
,
they
thought
to
disgrace
him
in
something
,
and
gave
him
the
contemptible
name
of
counterfeit
and
bastard
:
this
made
him
curiously
inquisitive
of
his
supposed
mother
,
and
she
not
able
in
that
point
to
resolve
him
,
he
made
a
journy
to
Delphos
,
to
consult
with
the
Oracle
,
about
the
true
knowledge
of
his
birth
and
parents
,
which
forewarned
him
from
returning
into
his
own
Countrie
,
because
he
was
destined
not
only
to
be
the
deaths-man
of
his
father
,
but
to
add
misery
unto
mischiefe
,
he
was
likewise
born
to
be
incestuous
with
his
mother
.
Which
to
prevent
:
and
still
supposing
himselfe
to
be
the
son
of
Polybus
and
Peribaea
,
he
forbore
to
return
to
Corinth
,
and
hiring
a
Chariot
,
took
the
way
towards
Phocis
.
It
hapned
that
in
a
strait
and
narrow
passage
meeting
with
his
father
Laius
,
and
Polyphontes
his
Charioter
,
they
contended
for
the
way
,
but
neither
willing
to
give
place
,
from
words
they
fell
to
blowes
:
in
which
contention
,
Polyphontes
kill'd
one
of
the
horses
that
drew
the
Chariot
of
Oedipus
:
at
which
inraged
,
he
drew
his
sword
,
and
first
slew
Polyphontes
,
and
next
Laius
,
who
seconded
his
servant
,
and
thence
took
his
ready
way
towards
Thebes
.
Damasistratus
King
of
the
Plataeenses
,
finding
the
body
of
Laius
,
caused
it
to
be
honourably
interred
.
In
this
interim
,
Creon
the
son
of
Menecoeus
in
this
vacancy
,
whilst
there
was
yet
no
King
,
invades
Thebes
,
and
after
much
slaughter
,
possesseth
himselfe
of
the
Kingdome
.
Juno
,
to
vex
him
the
more
,
sent
thither
the
monster
Sphinx
,
born
of
E●hidna
and
Tiphon
;
she
had
the
face
of
a
woman
,
the
wings
of
a
fowle
,
and
the
breast
,
feet
and
taile
of
a
Lion
:
she
having
learned
certaing
problems
and
aenigmas
of
the
muses
,
disposed
her selfe
in
the
mountaine
Phycaeus
,
The
riddle
that
she
proposed
to
the
Thebans
,
What
creature
is
that
which
hath
one
distinguishable
voice
,
that
first
walkes
upon
four
,
next
two
,
and
lastly
upon
three
feet
,
and
the
more
legs
it
hath
,
is
the
lesse
able
to
walk
?
The
strict
conditions
of
this
monster
,
were
these
,
that
so
often
as
he
demanded
the
solution
of
this
question
,
till
it
was
punctually
resolved
,
he
had
power
to
chuse
out
any
of
the
people
where
he
best
liked
,
whom
he
presently
devoured
:
but
they
had
this
comfort
from
the
Oracle
,
That
this
Aenigma
should
be
no
sooner
opened
,
and
reconciled
with
truth
,
but
they
should
be
freed
from
this
misery
,
and
the
monster
himselfe
should
be
destroied
.
The
last
that
was
devoured
,
was
Aemon
son
to
King
Creon
,
who
fearing
lest
the
like
sad
fate
might
extend
it selfe
to
the
rest
of
his
issue
,
caused
proclamation
to
be
made
,
That
whosoever
could
expound
this
riddle
,
should
marry
Jocasta
the
wife
of
the
dead
King
Laius
,
and
be
peaceably
invested
in
the
Kingdome
:
this
no
sooner
came
to
the
ears
of
Oedipus
,
but
he
undertook
it
,
and
resolved
it
thus
:
This
creature
(
saith
he
)
is
man
,
who
of
all
other
hath
only
a
distinct
voice
,
he
is
born
four
footed
,
as
in
his
infancy
crawling
upon
his
feet
and
hands
,
who
growing
stronger
,
erects
himselfe
,
and
walkes
upon
two
only
,
but
growing
decrepit
and
old
,
he
is
fitly
said
to
move
upon
three
,
as
using
the
help
of
his
staffe
.
This
solution
was
no
sooner
published
,
but
Sphinx
cast
herselfe
headlong
from
the
top
of
that
high
Promontory
,
and
so
perished
,
and
Oedipus
by
marrying
the
Queen
,
was
with
a
generall
suffrage
instated
in
the
Kingdome
.
He
begot
of
her
●wo
sons
and
two
daughters
,
E●eocles
and
Pol●n●ces
,
Ism●ne
and
Antigone
(
though
some
write
that
Oedipus
had
these
children
by
Rurigenia
,
the
daughter
of
Hyperphantes
)
These
former
circumstances
after
some
years
,
no
sooner
came
to
light
,
but
Jocasta
in
despair
strangled
her selfe
;
Oedipus
having
torn
out
his
eies
,
was
by
the
people
expulsed
Thebes
,
cursing
at
his
departure
,
his
children
for
suffering
him
to
undergo
that
injury
:
his
daughter
Antigone
lead
him
as
far
as
to
Colonus
,
a
place
in
Attica
,
where
there
is
a
grove
celebrated
to
the
Eumenides
,
and
there
remained
,
till
he
was
removed
thence
by
Theseus
,
and
soon
after
died
.
And
these
are
the
best
fruits
that
can
grow
from
so
abominable
a
root
.
Of
the
miserable
end
of
his
incestuous
issue
,
he
that
would
be
further
satisfied
,
let
him
read
Sophocles
,
Apollodorus
and
others
.
O●
him
Tyresias
thus
prophesied
:
—
Neque
hic
laetabitur
Calibus
&
eventis
suis
:
nam
factus
,
&c.
No
comfort
in
his
fortunes
he
shall
find
,
He
now
sees
clearly
,
must
at
length
be
blind
,
And
beg
,
that
's
now
a
rich
man
,
who
shall
stray
Through
forrein
Countries
for
his
doubtfull
way
Still
gripping
with
his
staffe
▪
The
brother
,
he
,
And
father
of
his
children
(
both
)
shall
be
:
His
mothers
son
,
and
husband
:
first
strike
dead
His
father
,
and
adulterate
next
his
bed
.
Crithaeis
.
SHE
was
wife
to
one
Phaemius
a
schoolmaster
,
Atelles
,
Maeones
,
and
Dius
,
three
brothers
,
were
born
in
Cuma
;
Dius
being
much
indebted
,
was
forced
to
remove
thence
into
Ascra
,
a
village
of
Boeotia
,
and
there
of
his
wife
P●cemed●
,
he
begot
Hesiodus
.
Atelles
in
his
own
Country
dying
a
naturall
death
,
committed
the
pupillage
of
his
daughter
Crithaeis
,
to
his
brother
Maeones
:
but
comming
to
ripe
growth
,
she
being
by
him
vitiated
,
and
proving
with
child
,
both
fearing
the
punishment
due
to
such
an
offence
,
she
was
conferred
upon
Phaemius
,
to
whom
she
was
soon
after
married
:
and
walking
one
day
out
of
the
City
to
bath
her selfe
in
the
river
Miletus
,
she
was
by
the
stood
side
delivered
of
young
Homer
,
and
of
the
name
thereof
called
him
M●lesigines
.
But
after
losing
his
sight
,
he
was
called
Homer
,
for
such
of
the
Cumaeans
and
Ionians
are
called
Omouroi
.
Foel●x
&
miser
ad
sortemes
quia
natus
utramque
,
Perquiris
patrians
,
matris
tibi
non
patris
c●●tat
,
&c.
Happy
and
wretched
,
both
must
be
thy
fate
,
That
of
thy
Country
dost
desire
to
heare
;
Known
is
thy
〈◊〉
clime
,
thy
fathers
not
An
Island
in
the
sea
,
to
Creet
not
neer
,
Nor
yet
far
●ss
,
in
which
thou
shalt
expire
,
When
〈◊〉
a
riddle
shalt
to
thee
propose
,
Whose
dark
Aenigma
thou
canst
not
acquire
.
A
double
Fate
thy
life
hath
,
thou
shalt
lose
Thine
eies
:
yet
shall
thy
lofty
Muse
ascend
,
And
in
thy
death
,
thou
life
have
without
end
.
In
his
later
daies
he
was
present
at
Thebes
at
their
great
feast
called
Saturnalia
,
and
from
thence
comming
to
Ius
,
and
sitting
on
a
stone
by
the
water
port
,
there
landed
some
fishermen
,
whom
Homer
asked
what
they
had
taken
,
but
they
having
got
nothing
that
day
,
but
for
want
of
other
work
only
lousing
themselves
,
thus
merily
answered
him
:
Non
capta
afferimus
:
fuerant
quae
capta
relictis
.
We
bring
with
us
those
that
we
could
not
find
,
But
all
that
we
could
catch
we
l●ft
behind
.
Meaning
,
that
all
such
vermine
as
they
could
catch
they
cast
away
,
but
what
they
could
not
take
they
brought
along
.
Which
riddle
when
Homer
could
not
unfold
,
it
is
said
that
for
very
griefe
he
ended
his
life
.
This
unmatchable
Poet
whom
no
man
regarded
in
his
life
,
yet
when
his
works
were
better
considered
of
after
his
death
,
he
had
that
honour
,
that
seven
famous
Cities
contended
about
the
place
of
his
birth
,
every
one
of
them
appropriating
it
unto
themselves
:
Pindarus
the
Poet
makes
question
whether
he
were
of
Chius
or
Smyrna
;
Simonides
affirms
him
to
be
of
Chius
;
Antimachus
and
Nicander
of
Colophon
;
Aristotle
the
Philosopher
to
be
of
Ius
;
Ephorus
the
Historiographer
that
he
was
of
Cuma
.
Some
have
been
of
opinion
that
he
was
born
in
Salamine
,
a
City
of
Cipria
;
others
,
amongst
the
Argives
;
Aristarchus
and
Dyo●isius
Thrax
,
derive
him
from
Athens
,
&c.
But
I
may
have
occasion
to
speak
of
him
in
a
larger
work
,
intituled
.
The
lives
of
all
the
Poets
,
Modern
and
Forreign
,
to
which
work
(
if
it
come
once
againe
into
my
hands
)
I
shall
refer
you
,
concluding
him
with
this
short
Epitaph
:
An
Epitaph
upon
Homer
the
Prince
of
Poets
.
In
Colophon
some
think
thee
(
Homer
)
borne
,
Some
in
faire
Smyrna
,
so●e
in
Ius
isle
,
Some
with
thy
birth
rich
Chius
would
adorn
,
Others
say
,
〈◊〉
a
first
on
thee
did
smile
.
The
Argives
lay
claim
to
thee
,
and
aver
Thou
art
their
Country
man
,
[
*
](A43596-e71040-b)
*
Aemus
a
hil
in
Thessaly
where
same
say
Homer
was
born
.
Aemus
saies
no.
Strong
Salamine
saith
thou
tookest
life
from
her
.
But
Athens
,
thou
to
her
thy
Muse
dost
owe
,
(
As
there
first
breathing
.
)
Speak
,
how
then
shall
I
Determine
of
thy
Country
by
my
skill
,
When
Oracles
would
never
?
I
will
try
,
And
Homer
(
well
thou
give
me
leave
)
I
will
The
spatious
Earth
then
for
Country
chuse
,
No
mortall
for
thy
mother
,
but
a
Muse
.
〈◊〉
the
sister
of
Nereus
the
Sea-god
,
was
by
him
stuprated●
of
whom
he
begot
the
Nymphs
called
Nercides
;
Ovid
in
his
sixt
book
Metamorph
,
telleth
us
of
Philomela
daughter
to
Pandion
King
of
Athens
,
who
was
forced
by
Tereus
King
of
Thrace
,
the
son
of
Mars
,
and
the
Nymph
B●stonides
,
though
he
had
before
married
her
own
dear
and
naturall
sister
,
Progne
:
the
lamentable
effects
of
which
incest
,
is
by
the
same
Author
elegantly
and
at
large
described
:
as
likewise
Beblis
the
daughter
of
Miletus
and
Cyane
,
who
after
she
had
sought
the
embraces
of
her
brother
Caumus
,
slew
her selfe
.
Mirrha
daughter
to
Cyniras
King
of
the
Cyprians
,
lay
with
her
father
,
and
by
him
had
the
beautifull
child
Adonis
.
Europa
the
mother
,
and
Pelopeia
the
daughter
,
were
both
corrupted
by
Thyestes
.
Hypermestra
injoied
the
company
of
her
brother
,
for
whom
she
had
long
languished
.
Menephron
most
barborously
frequented
the
bed
of
his
mother
;
against
whom
Ovid
in
his
Metamorph.
and
Quintianus
in
his
Cleopol
.
bitterly
inveigh
.
Domitius
Calderinus
puts
us
in
mind
of
the
Concubine
of
Amintor
,
who
was
injoied
by
his
son
Phaenix
.
Rhodope
the
daughter
of
Hemon
,
was
married
to
her
father
,
which
the
gods
willing
to
punish
,
they
were
(
as
the
Poets
feign
)
changed
into
the
mountains
,
which
still
bear
their
names
.
Caeleus
reports
of
one
Policaste
,
the
mother
of
Perdix
a
hunts-man
,
who
was
by
him
incestuously
loved
,
and
after
injoied
.
Lucan
in
his
eight
book
affirms
,
that
Cleopatra
was
polluted
by
her
own
brother
,
with
whom
she
communicated
her selfe
as
to
a
husband
.
Nictimine
was
comprest
by
her
father
Nictus
,
King
of
Aethiopia
.
Martial
in
his
twelfe
book
,
writing
to
Fabulla
,
accuseth
one
Themison
of
incest
with
his
sister
.
Plin.
lib.
28.
cap.
2.
speaks
of
two
of
the
Vestals
,
Thusia
and
Copronda
,
both
convicted
of
incest
;
the
one
buried
alive
,
the
other
strangled
.
Publius
Claudius
was
accused
by
M.
Cicero
,
of
incest
with
his
three
sisters
Sextus
Aurelius
writes
,
that
Agrippina
the
daughter
of
Germanicus
had
two
children
by
her
brother
Claudius
Caesar
,
Cornalius
Tacitus
saith
,
that
she
often
communicated
her
body
with
her
own
son
Nero
,
in
his
cups
and
heat
of
wine
:
he
after
commanded
her
womb
to
be
ripped
up
,
that
he
might
see
the
place
where
he
had
laien
so
long
before
his
birth
;
and
most
deservedly
was
it
inflicted
upon
the
brutish
mother
,
though
unnaturally
imposed
by
the
inhumane
son
.
Ansilaena
is
worthily
repoved
by
Catullus
for
yielding
up
her
body
to
the
wanton
imbraces
of
her
uncle
,
by
whom
she
had
children
.
Gidica
the
wife
of
Pomonius
Laurentius
,
doted
on
her
son
Cominus
even
to
incest
,
but
by
him
refused
,
she
strangled
her selfe
.
The
like
did
Pheora
,
being
despised
by
her
son
Hippolitus
.
Dosithaeus
apud
Plutarch
,
speaks
of
Nugeria
the
wife
of
Hebius
,
who
contemned
by
her
son
in
Law
Firmus
,
prosecuted
him
with
such
violent
and
inveterate
hate
,
that
she
first
sollicited
her
own
sons
to
his
murder
;
but
they
abhorring
the
vilenesse
of
the
fact
,
she
watcht
him
sleeping
,
and
so
slew
him
.
John
Maletesta
deprehending
his
wife
in
the
arms
of
his
brother
Paulus
Maletesta
,
transpierc'd
them
both
with
his
sword
in
the
incestuous
action
.
Clepatra
daughter
to
Dardanus
King
of
the
Scythians
,
and
wife
to
Phinaeus
,
was
forced
by
her
two
sons
in
law
:
for
which
fact
their
father
caused
their
eies
to
be
plucked
out
.
Plutarch
reports
of
Atossa
,
that
she
was
doted
on
by
Artaxerxes
,
insomuch
,
as
that
after
he
had
long
kept
her
as
his
strumpet
,
against
the
Laws
of
Persia
and
of
Greece
,
to
both
which
he
violently
opposed
himself
he
made
her
his
Queen
.
Curtius
writes
of
one
Si
simithres
a
Persian
souldier
,
that
had
two
children
by
his
mother
.
Diogenian
also
speaking
of
Secundus
the
Philosopher
,
saith
,
that
he
(
unawares
to
them
both
)
committed
incest
with
his
mother
,
which
after
being
made
known
to
them
,
she
astonied
with
the
horror
of
the
fact
,
immediately
slew
her selfe
,
and
he
,
what
with
the
sorrow
for
her
death
,
and
brutishnesse
of
the
de●d
,
vowed
never
after
to
speak
word
,
which
he
constantly
performed
to
the
last
minute
of
his
life
.
Martin
Luther
,
that
this
accident
hapned
in
Erph●rst
in
Germany
:
There
was
(
saith
he
)
a
maid
of
an
honest
family
,
that
was
servant
to
a
rich
widdow
,
who
had
a
son
that
had
many
times
importuned
the
girle
to
lewdnesse
,
insomuch
,
that
she
had
no
other
way
to
avoid
his
continuall
suggestions
,
but
by
acquainting
the
mother
with
the
dissolute
courses
of
the
son
.
The
widdow
considering
with
her self
,
which
was
the
best
course
to
childe
his
libidirous
purpose
,
and
divert
him
from
that
lewd
course
,
plotted
with
the
maid
to
give
him
a
seeming
consent
,
and
so
appoint
him
a
place
and
time
in
the
night
,
of
meeting
,
at
which
he
should
have
the
fruition
of
what
he
so
long
had
sued
for
:
she
her selfe
intending
to
supply
the
place
of
her
servant
,
to
school
her
son
,
and
so
prevent
any
inconvenience
that
might
futurely
happen
.
The
maid
did
according
to
her
appointment
,
the
son
with
great
joy
keeps
his
houre
,
so
did
the
mother
,
who
came
thither
on
purpose
to
reform
her
son
;
but
he
being
hot
and
too
forward
in
the
action
,
and
she
overcome
,
either
by
the
inticements
of
the
devill
,
the
weaknesse
of
her
Sex
,
or
both
,
gave
her selfe
up
to
incestuous
prostitution
,
the
young
man
knowing
no
otherwise
but
that
he
had
enjoied
the
maid
.
Of
this
wicked
and
abominable
congression
,
a
woman
child
was
begot
,
of
whom
the
mother
(
to
save
her
reputation
)
was
secretly
delivered
,
and
put
it
out
privately
to
nurse
,
but
at
the
age
of
seven
years
,
took
it
home
.
When
the
child
grew
to
years
,
the
most
infortunate
sonne
fell
in
love
with
his
sister
,
and
daughter
,
and
made
her
his
unhappy
wife
:
what
shall
I
think
of
this
detestable
sinne
,
which
even
beasts
themselves
abhor
?
Cyborea
,
the
mother
of
Judas
Iscariot
.
THis
that
I
now
speak
of
is
remembred
by
Ranulphus
,
Monke
of
Chester
,
Jerome
,
and
others
.
There
was
a
man
in
Jerusalem
,
by
name
R●uben
,
of
the
Tribe
of
Isachar
,
his
wife
was
called
Cyborea
:
The
first
night
of
their
marriage
,
the
women
dreamed
that
she
was
conceived
of
a
sonne
,
who
should
be
a
traytor
to
the
Prince
of
his
own
people
:
she
told
it
to
her
husband
,
at
which
they
were
both
sad
and
pensive
.
The
child
being
born
,
and
they
not
willing
to
have
it
slain
,
and
yet
loath
to
have
it
prove
such
a
monster
to
his
own
nation
,
they
in
a
small
boat
cast
it
to
sea
to
try
a
desperate
fortune
:
This
vessell
was
diven
upon
an
Island
called
Iscariot
,
where
the
Queen
of
that
place
had
then
no
child
.
This
babe
being
found
,
she
purposed
to
make
it
her
own
,
and
put
it
to
be
nobly
nursed
and
educated
,
calling
his
name
Judas
,
and
Iscariot
of
the
Island
where
he
was
taken
up
.
But
not
long
after
,
she
was
conceived
of
a
son
,
who
proving
a
noble
and
hopefull
Gentleman
,
Iudas
(
whose
favour
in
Court
began
to
wane
,
and
his
hope
of
inheritance
,
which
but
late
flourishe
now
quite
to
wither
)
he
plotted
against
his
life
,
and
privately
slew
him
:
but
fearing
lest
the
murder
in
time
might
be
discovered
,
and
he
compell'd
to
suffer
according
to
the
nature
or
the
fact
,
he
fled
thence
to
Jerusalem
where
he
got
into
the
service
of
Pontius
Pilatus
,
and
found
means
to
be
protected
by
him
,
being
then
in
the
City
,
Deputy
Governour
of
the
Romans
.
Iudas
(
because
their
dispositions
were
much
of
one
condition
)
grew
into
his
especiall
familiarity
and
favour
.
The
Palace
of
Pilat
having
a
faire
bay
window
,
whose
prospect
was
into
R●ub●ns
Orchard
,
he
had
a
great
appetite
to
eat
of
some
of
those
ripe
Apples
,
which
shewed
so
yellow
and
faire
against
the
Sun
.
This
Iudas
understanding
,
promised
him
to
fetch
him
some
of
that
fruit
,
and
mounting
over
the
Orchard
wall
,
he
was
met
by
his
father
,
who
rebuking
him
for
the
injury
,
Iudas
with
a
stone
beat
out
his
brains
,
and
unseen
of
any
,
conveied
himselfe
back
.
Reubens
death
was
smothered
,
and
the
murderer
not
known
.
Cyborea
being
a
rich
widow
,
Pilate
made
a
march
betwixt
her
and
his
servant
Iudas
,
who
being
married
to
his
mother
,
was
now
possest
of
his
own
fathers
inheritance
.
Not
long
this
incestuous
couple
had
lived
together
,
but
Cyborea
being
upon
a
time
wondrous
sad
and
melancholy
,
and
Iudas
demanding
the
cause
,
she
began
to
relate
to
him
her
many
misfortunes
;
First
,
of
her
dream
,
them
of
her
son
in
what
manner
he
was
put
to
sea
,
then
how
she
lost
her
husband
being
slain
,
and
the
murderer
not
found
;
and
lastly
,
how
by
the
authority
of
Pilat
she
was
now
compell'd
to
match
against
her
will
,
who
had
protested
to
her selfe
a
lasting
widdowhood
.
By
these
circumstances
,
Judas
most
assuredly
knew
that
he
had
slain
his
father
,
and
had
married
his
mother
;
which
acknowledging
to
her
,
she
perswaded
him
to
repent
him
of
these
great
evils
,
and
to
become
a
Disciple
of
Jesus
,
who
was
then
an
eminent
prophet
amongst
he
Jewes
.
It
shall
nor
be
amisse
to
speak
a
word
or
two
or
Pilat
.
It
is
said
that
a
King
whose
name
was
Tyrus
,
begat
him
on
a
Millers
daughter
,
Lyla
,
whose
father
was
called
A●us
,
Tiberius
Caesar
being
then
Emperor
,
was
sick
of
a
grievous
malady
,
who
hearing
that
in
Jerusalem
was
a
Prophet
,
who
with
a
word
healed
all
infirmities
whatsoever
,
he
sent
one
Volutianus
to
Herod
,
to
send
him
this
man
;
but
Christ
was
before
condemned
and
crucified
.
There
Volutianus
acquainted
himselfe
with
one
Veronica
a
noble
Lady
of
the
Jewes
,
Tunica
insutilis
,
a
garment
without
seam
,
which
whilst
it
was
about
him
,
nothing
could
be
objected
against
him
to
his
least
dammage
or
disgrace
;
this
was
three
times
proved
,
and
he
still
came
off
unaccused
;
but
when
by
the
advise
of
this
Veronica
and
other
Christians
,
the
garment
was
took
off
,
he
was
then
accused
for
causing
guiltlesse
men
to
be
slain
,
for
erecting
statues
of
strange
nations
in
the
Temple
,
against
the
ordinances
of
the
Jewes
;
that
with
mony
wrested
and
extorted
from
the
holy
treasures
,
he
had
made
a
water-conduit
to
his
own
house
,
that
he
kept
the
Vestments
and
sacred
robes
of
the
Priests
in
his
own
house
,
and
would
not
deliver
them
for
the
service
of
the
Temple
,
without
mercenary
hire
:
of
these
and
other
things
being
convicted
,
he
was
sent
to
prison
,
where
borrowing
a
knife
to
pare
an
apple
he
slew
himselfe
,
his
body
after
was
fastned
to
a
great
stone
,
and
cast
into
the
river
Tiber.
Of
Adulteresses
.
FRom
the
Incestuous
,
I
proceed
to
the
Adulteresses
:
Aulus
Gellius
in
his
first
book
de
Mortibus
Atticis
cites
these
words
out
of
Varro's
Memppea
,
Cato
Censorius
reckons
such
in
the
number
of
common
executioners
,
and
counts
them
little
better
then
bloody
hangmen
;
For
(
saith
he
)
impious
and
abominable
it
is
for
any
man
to
pollute
his
hands
in
such
unnatural
murder
,
he
may
with
as
much
justice
violate
the
ordinances
of
the
Common
weal
,
or
with
as
great
integrity
propha●e
the
sacreds
of
the
gods
.
Sufficient
it
is
that
we
have
lawes
to
punish
,
and
judges
to
examine
and
sentence
all
such
transgressors
.
Nero
the
most
barbarous
of
Princes
,
after
that
by
kicking
and
spurning
,
he
had
slain
his
wife
Poppaea
in
his
anger
,
though
he
was
altogether
composed
of
mischiefe
,
yet
when
he
recollected
himselfe
,
and
truly
considered
the
vilenesse
of
the
fact
he
had
not
only
with
great
sorrow
bewailed
her
death
,
to
make
what
amends
he
could
to
the
dead
body
before
outraged
,
but
he
would
not
suffer
her
course
to
be
burned
in
the
Roman
fires
,
but
caused
a
funerall
pile
of
all
sweet
and
odoriferous
woods
(
fetcht
from
the
furthest
parts
of
the
world
)
to
be
erected
,
sending
up
her
smoke
as
incense
offered
unto
the
gods
,
and
after
caused
her
ashes
in
a
golden
●urn
to
be
conserved
in
the
famous
sepulchre
of
the
Iulian
family
:
Neither
is
this
discourse
aimed
to
perswade
men
to
too
much
remisnesse
in
wincking
at
,
and
sleeping
out
the
adulteries
of
their
wives
.
A
most
shamefull
thing
it
was
in
Antonius
,
L.
Sylla
,
that
was
surnamed
Happy
was
in
this
most
infortunate
,
because
his
easie
nature
was
perswaded
that
his
wise
Metella
was
the
chastest
of
matrons
,
when
her
known
looseness
and
notorious
incontinence
,
was
ballated
up
and
down
the
City
.
Disgracefull
it
was
in
Philip
King
of
Macedon
,
who
having
conquered
divers
nations
,
and
subdued
many
Kingdomes
,
yet
could
not
govern
one
wife
at
home
;
who
though
he
had
manifest
probability
of
her
loosnesse
and
riots
,
yet
suffered
with
all
patience
her
insolencies
,
and
being
violently
thrust
out
of
her
bedchamber
by
her
,
and
her
maids
,
dissembled
the
injury
to
his
friends
,
excusing
the
wrong
,
and
seeming
to
laugh
at
the
injury
.
In
like
manner
Clodius
the
Emperour
excused
his
wife
Messalina
,
being
taken
in
adultery
:
this
liberty
grew
to
boldnesse
,
and
that
boldnesse
to
such
an
height
of
impudency
,
that
from
that
time
forward
she
took
pride
to
commit
those
luxuries
in
publike
,
which
at
first
she
not
without
blushes
adventured
on
in
private
.
It
is
related
of
her
,
that
before
the
faces
of
her
handmaids
and
servants
,
she
dissolutely
(
I
might
say
brutishly
)
cast
her selfe
into
the
embraces
of
one
Sylius
;
not
content
with
secret
inchastity
,
unlesse
she
had
a
multitude
to
witnesse
her
abominable
congression
:
of
whom
the
most
excellent
of
the
Satyrists
thus
speaks
,
Qid
privata
domus
,
quid
fecevit
Hippa
curas
Respice
rivales
divorum
,
Claudius
audi
Quae
tulerit
—
Dost
thou
thou
take
care
what
's
done
at
home
,
Or
Hippa
dost
thou
feare
?
Behold
the
rivals
of
the
gods
,
What
Claudius
he
doth
hear
:
The
sacred
institution
of
marriage
,
was
not
only
for
procreation
,
but
that
man
should
make
choice
of
a
woman
,
and
a
woman
to
make
election
of
a
husband
,
as
companions
and
comforters
one
of
another
,
as
well
in
adversity
as
prosperity
.
Aristotle
confers
the
cares
and
businesses
that
lie
abroad
,
upon
the
husband
,
but
the
domestick
actions
within
doors
,
he
assigns
to
the
wife
;
for
he
holds
it
as
inconvenient
and
uncomely
for
the
wife
to
busie
her selfe
about
any
publick
affaires
,
as
for
the
man
to
play
the
cotquean
at
home
.
Marriage
(
as
Franciscus
Patricius
saith
)
becomes
the
civil
man
,
Aelius
Verus
one
of
the
Roman
Emperors
,
a
man
given
to
all
voluptuousnesse
,
when
his
wife
complained
unto
him
of
his
extravagancies
,
as
never
satisfied
with
change
of
mistresses
and
concubines
,
he
thus
answered
her
,
Suffer
me
O
Wife
,
to
exercise
my
delights
upon
other
women
,
for
the
word
Wife
,
is
a
name
of
dignity
and
honour
,
not
of
wantonnesse
and
pleasure
.
Quaest.
Graec.
relates
)
was
amongst
the
Cumaeans
after
this
manner
:
She
was
brought
into
the
market
place
,
and
set
upon
a
stone
in
the
publick
view
of
all
the
people
;
when
she
had
certain
hours
sate
there
as
a
spectacle
of
scorn
,
she
was
mounted
upon
an
Asse
▪
and
led
through
all
the
streets
of
the
City
,
and
then
brought
back
again
and
placed
upon
the
same
stone
,
ever
after
reputed
notorious
and
infamous
,
and
had
the
name
of
Onobatis
,
i.
riding
upon
an
Ass
,
end
the
stone
on
which
she
was
seated
,
held
as
polluted
〈…〉
.
Aelianus
in
his
twelfe
book
,
thus
sets
down
the
punishment
of
an
adulterer
amongst
the
Cret●ns
:
〈…〉
brought
before
the
judgement
seat
,
and
being
convicted
,
he
was
crowned
with
wool
to
denote
his
effeminacy
,
〈◊〉
with
an
extraordinary
mulct
,
held
infamous
amongst
the
people
,
and
made
uncapable
of
office
or
dignity
in
the
Common-weal
.
Amongst
the
Parthians
,
no
sin
was
more
severely
punished
then
adultery
.
Carondas
made
a
decree
,
That
no
Citizen
or
matron
should
be
taxed
in
the
comedy
,
unlesse
it
were
for
Adultery
or
vain
curiosity
.
Plutarch
remembers
two
young
men
of
Syracusa
,
Q.
Fabius
Gurges
son
to
the
Consul
,
amerced
the
matrons
of
Rome
for
their
adulteries
,
and
extracted
from
them
so
much
coin
at
one
time
,
as
builded
the
famous
Temple
of
Venus
neer
to
the
great
Circus
.
So
much
of
the
same
in
generall
,
now
I
come
to
a
more
particular
survey
of
the
persons
.
Of
many
great
Ladies
branded
with
Adultery
amongst
the
Romans
:
and
first
of
Posthumia
.
THis
Posthumia
was
the
wife
of
Servius
Sulpitius
,
as
Lollia
the
wi●e
of
Aulus
Gabinus
,
Tertullia
of
Marcus
Crassus
,
Mutia
the
wife
of
C.
Pomp●ius
,
Servitia
the
mother
of
Marcus
Brutus
,
Iulia
the
daughter
of
Servitia
,
and
the
third
wife
of
Marcus
Crassus
,
Furies
Maura
,
the
Queen
of
King
Bogades
,
Cleopatra
of
Aegypt
,
and
after
beloved
of
Marcus
Antonius
,
and
of
the
Triumvira●e
:
all
these
Queens
and
noble
Matrons
,
is
Iulius
Caesar
said
to
have
adulterated
.
Livia
the
wife
of
Augustus
Caesar
,
was
by
him
first
strumpetted
,
and
being
great
with
child
,
to
recompence
her
wrong
,
he
hastned
the
marriage
.
This
was
objected
to
him
in
an
oration
by
Antonius
.
Tertullia
,
D●usilla
,
Salvia
,
Scribonia
,
Tilisconia
:
with
all
these
noble
matrons
he
is
said
to
have
commerce
.
Claudius
Tibezius
,
first
privately
,
then
publickly
prostituted
her selfe
to
many
,
insomuch
,
that
custome
grew
to
that
habit
,
that
such
as
she
affected
,
and
either
for
modesties
sake
or
for
fear
,
durst
not
enter
into
her
imbraces
,
by
some
stratagem
or
other
,
she
caused
to
be
murdred
(
as
Claudian
saith
)
her
insatiat
desires
yet
stretched
further
,
making
choice
of
the
most
noble
virgins
and
matrons
of
Rome
,
whom
she
either
perswaded
or
compelled
to
be
companions
with
her
in
her
adulteries
.
She
frequented
common
brothel
houses
,
trying
the
abilities
of
many
choice
and
able
young
men
by
turns
,
from
whence
(
it
is
said
of
her
)
she
returned
wearied
,
but
not
satisfied
:
if
any
m●n
refused
her
imbraces
,
her
revenge
stretched
not
only
to
him
,
but
unto
all
his
family
.
And
to
crown
her
libidinous
actions
,
it
is
proved
of
her
,
that
in
the
act
of
lust
,
she
contended
with
a
mercenary
and
common
strumpet
,
which
in
that
kind
should
have
the
priority
,
and
that
the
Empresse
in
the
25
action
became
victor
.
Of
her
,
Pliny
,
Iuvenal
,
and
Sex
.
Aurelius
,
speaks
more
at
large
;
a
strange
patience
it
was
in
an
Emperour
to
suffer
this
.
Fabius
Fabricanus
,
and
gave
her selfe
up
to
a
young
Gentleman
of
Rome
called
Petroniu●
Valentianus
,
by
whose
counsell
she
after
slew
her
husband
,
that
they
might
more
freely
enjoy
their
luxuries
.
Salust
and
Valerius
Maximus
both
report
of
Aurelia
Oristilla
,
who
suffered
her selfe
to
be
corrupted
by
Catalin
(
against
whom
Cicero
made
many
eloquent
Orations
)
who
the
freelier
to
enjoy
her
bed
,
caused
her
son
to
be
poisoned
.
Comparable
to
Fabia
,
Incidit
in
Flammam
,
veneremque
secula
relicto
Conjuge
:
Penelope
venit
,
abitque
Helena
.
Which
is
thus
Englished
.
She
fell
in
fire
,
and
followed
lust
,
Her
husband
quite
rejected
,
She
thither
came
Penelope
chast
,
Went
Hellen
thence
detected
.
Paula
,
Thelesina
,
Proculina
,
Lectoria
,
Gellia
,
all
these
are
by
some
authors
branded
for
the
like
inchastities
.
An
Egyptian
Lady
.
I
Have
heard
of
a
young
Citizen
,
Rubra
Gleba
,
apparelled
in
all
their
best
jewels
and
chiefest
ornaments
,
but
commanding
the
City
gates
to
be
shut
upon
them
,
caused
the
City
to
be
set
on
fire
,
and
sacrificed
all
these
adulteresses
as
in
one
funerall
pile
,
reserving
only
that
Lady
of
whose
loialty
the
Oracle
had
given
sufficient
testimony
,
whom
he
made
the
partaker
of
his
bed
and
Kingdome
.
I
wish
there
were
not
so
many
in
these
times
,
whose
waters
if
they
were
truly
cast
by
the
doctors
,
would
not
rather
by
their
pollution
put
out
the
eies
quite
,
then
with
their
clearnesse
and
purity
,
minister
to
them
any
help
at
all
.
Laodice
.
JVstine
in
his
37.
book
of
History
,
speaks
of
this
Laodice
,
the
wife
and
sister
to
Mithridates
King
of
Pontus
:
After
whose
many
victories
,
as
having
overthrown
the
Scythians
and
put
them
to
flight
,
those
who
had
before
defeated
Zopyron
,
a
great
Captain
of
Alexanders
army
,
which
consisted
of
thirty
thousand
of
his
best
souldiers
,
the
same
that
overcame
Cyrus
in
battell
with
an
army
of
two
hundred
thousand
,
with
those
that
had
affronted
and
beaten
King
Philip
in
many
oppositions
,
being
fortunately
and
with
great
happinesse
still
attended
,
by
which
he
more
and
more
flourisht
in
power
,
and
increased
in
majestie
.
In
this
height
of
fortune
,
as
never
having
known
any
disaster
,
having
bestowed
some
time
in
managing
the
affairs
of
Pontus
,
and
next
such
places
as
he
occupied
in
Macedonia
;
he
privately
then
retired
himselfe
into
Asia
,
where
he
took
view
of
the
scituation
of
those
defenced
Cities
,
and
this
without
the
jealousie
or
suspition
of
any
.
From
thence
he
removed
himselfe
into
Bythinia
,
proposing
in
his
own
imaginations
,
as
if
he
were
already
Lord
of
all
.
After
this
long
retirement
he
came
into
his
own
Kingdome
,
where
by
reason
of
his
absence
,
it
was
rumour'd
and
given
out
for
truth
,
that
he
was
dead
.
At
his
arrivall
he
first
gave
a
loving
and
friendly
visitation
to
his
wife
and
sister
,
Laudice
,
who
had
not
long
before
in
that
vacancy
,
brought
him
a
young
son
.
But
in
this
great
joy
and
solemnity
made
for
his
welcome
,
he
was
in
great
danger
of
poison
:
for
Laodice
supposing
(
it
seems
)
Mithridates
to
be
dead
as
it
before
had
been
reported
(
and
therefore
safe
enough
)
had
prostituted
her selfe
to
divers
of
her
servants
and
subjects
:
Cadmus
Milesius
,
who
amongst
other
monuments
of
history
,
writ
certain
tractates
concerning
the
abolishing
of
love
(
for
so
it
is
remembred
by
Suidas
in
his
collections
.
)
And
therefore
I
would
invite
all
women
of
corrupted
breasts
,
to
the
reading
of
this
briefe
discourse
following
.
A
remarkable
example
was
that
of
Faustina
,
●ife
to
Marcus
Philosophus
.
a
noble
and
illustrious
Lady
,
who
though
she
were
the
daughter
of
Antonius
Pius
the
Emperor
,
and
wife
to
Marcus
Philosophus
,
notwithstanding
her
fathers
majesty
,
and
her
husbands
honour
,
was
so
besotted
upon
a
Gladiator
or
common
fencer
,
that
her
affection
was
almost
grown
to
frensie
:
for
which
strange
disease
,
as
strange
a
remedy
was
devised
.
The
Emperor
perceiving
this
distraction
,
still
to
grow
more
and
more
upon
his
daughter
,
consulted
with
the
Chaldeans
and
Mathematicians
in
so
desperate
a
case
,
what
was
best
to
be
done
:
after
long
consideration
it
was
concluded
amongst
them
,
that
there
was
but
only
one
way
left
open
to
her
recovery
,
and
that
was
,
to
cause
the
fencer
to
be
slaine
;
which
done
,
to
give
her
a
full
cup
of
his
luke-warm
blood
,
which
having
drunk
off
,
to
go
instantly
to
bed
to
her
husband
.
This
was
accordingly
done
,
and
she
cured
of
her
contagious
disease
.
Antoninus
Commodus
,
who
after
succeeded
him
in
the
Empire
,
who
in
his
government
did
so
afflict
the
Common-weal
,
and
trouble
the
Theater
with
fensing
and
prizes
,
and
many
other
bloody
butcheries
,
that
he
much
better
deserved
the
name
of
Gladiator
,
then
Emperor
.
This
that
I
have
related
,
Julius
Capitolinus
writes
to
Caesar
Dioclesianus
.
Were
all
our
dissolute
matrons
to
be
cured
by
the
like
Phisick
,
there
would
(
no
question
)
be
amongst
men
lesse
offenders
,
and
among
women
fewer
patients
that
complained
of
sick
stomacks
.
Phaedima
.
CAmbyses
having
before
unnaturally
slain
his
brother
Smerdis
,
by
the
hands
of
his
best
trusted
friend
Praxaspes
:
but
after
the
death
of
the
King
(
for
the
horridnesse
of
the
fact
)
the
Regicide
not
daring
to
avouch
the
deed
to
the
people
,
Smerdu
,
Otanes
apprehends
to
be
the
first
instrument
,
by
which
to
discover
the
truth
:
He
therefore
by
a
secret
messenger
sends
to
his
daughter
,
to
know
by
whom
she
nightly
lay
,
whether
with
Smerdis
the
sonne
of
Cyrus
,
or
with
some
other
:
to
whom
she
answered
,
that
it
was
altogether
unknown
to
her
who
was
her
bedfellow
,
because
she
yet
had
neither
seen
Smerdis
the
son
of
Cyrus
,
nor
that
man
(
whatsoever
he
was
)
into
whose
embraces
she
was
commanded
.
He
then
sent
her
word
,
that
if
she
her selfe
could
not
come
to
the
sight
of
him
,
to
demand
of
Atossa
the
daughter
of
Cyrus
,
and
brother
to
Smerdis
;
who
doubtlesse
could
decipher
him
in
every
true
lineament
.
To
which
the
daughter
returns
him
,
That
she
was
separated
both
from
the
society
and
sight
of
Atossa
,
for
this
man
whosoever
he
is
,
as
soon
as
ever
he
had
possest
himselfe
of
the
Empire
,
commanded
all
the
women
into
severall
lodgings
,
neither
could
they
have
any
discourse
or
entercourse
at
all
together
.
This
answer
made
Otanes
the
more
and
more
suspitious
,
and
desirous
with
any
danger
to
find
out
the
truth
,
he
adventured
a
third
message
to
Phaedima
to
this
purpose
:
It
behooves
you
(
O
daughter
)
being
descended
from
noble
ancestors
,
to
undergo
any
hazard
,
especially
at
the
request
of
your
father
,
when
it
aims
at
the
generall
good
of
the
Common-weal
or
Kingdome
;
if
that
impostor
be
not
Smerdu
the
brother
of
Cambyses
(
as
I
much
feare
)
it
becomes
him
neither
to
prostitute
and
defile
your
body
,
nor
to
mock
and
abuse
the
whole
estate
of
Persia
unpunished
:
therefore
I
charged
you
as
you
tender
my
love
,
your
owne
honour
,
and
the
Empires
weale
,
that
the
next
night
when
you
are
called
unto
his
bed
,
you
watch
the
time
when
he
is
soundliest
asleep
,
and
then
with
your
fingers
gently
feel
both
the
sides
of
his
head
;
if
thou
perceivest
him
to
have
both
his
ears
,
presume
then
thou
lodgest
by
the
side
of
Smerdis
the
son
of
Cyrus
,
but
if
on
the
contrary
thou
findest
his
cors
wanting
,
then
thou
liest
in
the
bosome
of
Smerdis
,
that
base
Magician
.
To
this
she
replied
by
letter
,
Though
I
truly
apprehend
the
danger
,
should
I
be
taken
seeking
of
such
things
as
he
perhaps
knowes
wanting
(
which
can
be
no
less
then
death
)
yet
for
your
love
and
the
common
good
,
I
will
undergo
the
perill
:
and
with
this
briefe
answer
gave
satisfaction
to
her
father
.
But
greater
content
he
received
from
her
,
when
having
discovered
and
laid
open
whatsoever
her
father
suspected
,
she
sent
him
a
faithfull
relation
of
every
circumstance
.
Phaedima
,
Olanes
makes
a
conjuration
amongst
the
Princes
,
all
vowing
the
supplantation
of
this
usurper
:
who
in
the
interim
,
the
more
to
confirm
the
people
in
their
errour
,
he
sent
to
Praxaspes
,
promising
him
honours
and
treasures
,
but
to
pronounce
him
once
more
before
the
people
to
be
the
true
and
legitimate
heire
.
This
charge
Praxaspes
undertakes
,
the
multitude
from
all
parts
of
the
City
were
by
the
Magi
assembled
,
and
he
mounted
unto
the
top
of
an
high
Turret
the
better
to
be
heard
,
silence
being
made
,
and
attention
prepared
,
Praxaspes
begins
his
oration
,
in
which
he
remembers
all
the
noble
acts
of
Cyrus
,
with
the
dignity
of
his
blood
and
progeny
:
and
passing
over
Cambyses
to
come
to
speak
of
his
brother
Smerdis
(
contrary
to
the
expectation
of
the
Magician
)
with
teares
began
to
commemorate
the
death
of
the
Prince
,
murdered
and
made
away
by
his
infortunate
hand
.
Then
told
them
whom
in
his
stead
they
had
voiced
into
the
sacred
Empire
;
namely
,
a
groom
,
and
one
of
low
and
base
descent
,
one
that
for
cozenages
and
forgeries
had
lost
his
ears
,
a
Magician
,
a
Conjurer
,
one
that
had
long
deluded
them
with
his
devilish
sorceries
,
a
slave
not
worthy
at
all
to
live
,
much
lesse
to
raign
and
govern
so
noble
a
people
:
and
as
a
further
confirmation
,
that
dying
men
speak
true
,
these
words
were
no
sooner
ended
,
but
he
casts
himselfe
off
from
the
top
of
the
Turret
,
and
slew
himselfe
.
After
this
,
the
Pallace
was
assaulted
by
the
Princesse
,
the
imposter
slaine
,
and
all
his
adherents
put
to
massacre
:
Of
the
sequel
of
the
history
,
the
succession
of
Darius
,
&c.
you
may
further
read
in
Herodotus
.
But
concerning
Phaedima
,
only
for
whose
sake
I
have
introduced
the
rest
,
I
know
not
whether
I
have
indirectly
brought
her
into
this
catalogue
,
because
she
was
so
a
noble
a
means
of
so
notable
a
discovery
:
yet
considering
she
was
one
of
the
wives
of
Cambyses
,
and
he
being
dead
,
so
suddenly
changing
her
affection
to
another
;
and
after
being
injoied
by
him
(
of
what
condition
soever
)
to
betray
him
;
all
these
circumstances
considered
,
I
give
her
free
liberty
to
be
ranked
amongst
the
rest
.
Begum
,
Queen
of
Persia
.
ABdilcherai
,
a
brave
and
valiant
Prince
of
Tartaria
,
taken
prisoner
by
Emirhamze
Mirize
eldest
son
to
the
King
of
Persia
,
in
a
battell
betwixt
the
Persians
and
Tartarians
,
was
sent
to
the
King
into
Casbia
;
where
his
captivity
in
regard
of
his
birth
and
valour
was
so
easie
,
that
he
rather
seemed
a
de●ison
then
a
forreiner
,
Chan
▪
The
King
of
Persia
therefore
determined
to
marry
him
to
his
daughter
,
hoping
by
that
means
to
unite
such
a
league
,
and
confirm
such
an
amity
betwixt
the
Tartarian
Precopenses
and
himselfe
,
that
they
might
not
only
denie
all
aid
and
assistance
to
Amurath
the
third
of
that
name
,
and
then
the
sixt
Emperour
of
the
Turks
;
but
also
,
if
need
were
,
or
should
any
future
discontent
arise
,
oppose
him
in
hostility
.
But
this
politick
purpose
of
the
Kings
,
arriving
almost
at
the
wished
period
,
seemed
so
distastfull
to
the
Sultans
of
Casbia
,
that
they
first
attempted
by
arguments
and
reasons
to
divert
the
King
from
this
intended
match
:
but
finding
themselves
no
waies
likely
to
prevaile
,
to
make
the
King
see
with
what
errours
he
was
maskt
,
and
with
what
sorceries
deluded
,
They
diligently
awaited
when
in
the
absence
of
the
King
,
the
T●●ta●
and
the
Queen
Begum
kept
their
accustomed
appointment
;
of
which
the
Sultans
having
notice
,
they
entered
that
part
of
the
Palace
,
brake
ope
the
doors
,
and
rushed
into
the
Queens
bed-chamber
,
where
finding
Abdilcherai
in
suspitious
conference
with
the
Queen
,
they
slew
him
with
their
Sables
,
and
after
cutting
off
his
privy
parts
,
most
barbarously
thrust
them
into
his
mouth
,
and
after
(
as
some
report
)
slew
the
Queen
.
Though
this
history
shew
great
remisness
in
the
King
,
most
sure
I
am
,
it
was
too
presumptive
an
insolence
in
the
subject
.
To
this
Persian
Queen
,
Olimpias
.
OThas
of
Persia
,
having
defeated
Nectenabus
,
King
of
Aegypt
,
and
expelled
him
from
his
Kingdome
;
he
,
the
better
to
secure
himselfe
from
the
Sophies
tyranny
,
shaved
his
head
and
disguising
himselfe
,
with
all
such
jewels
as
he
could
conveniently
carry
about
him
,
conveied
himselfe
into
Macedonia
:
the
authors
of
this
history
,
a●e
,
Vincentius
and
Trevisa
.
There
(
as
they
say
)
he
lived
as
a
Chalde●n
or
Cabalist
,
where
by
his
Negromancie
and
Art
Magic●
,
he
wrought
himselfe
so
deeply
into
the
brest
of
Olympias
,
that
taking
the
opportunity
whilest
Philip
was
abroad
in
his
forrein
expeditions
,
he
lay
with
her
in
the
shape
of
Jupiter
Hammon
,
[
*
](A43596-e74860-b)
*
By
Euridice
and
King
Aristaeus
.
whether
annimated
by
the
memory
of
her
husband
,
encouraged
with
the
greatnesse
of
her
son
,
or
moved
with
the
nature
of
the
aff●ont
and
injury
,
as
she
received
it
,
I
am
not
certain
,
but
she
assembled
unto
her
all
the
forces
of
Macedoni●
,
by
whose
power
and
her
command
,
they
were
both
sla●●
.
About
seven
years
after
Alexander
was
possessed
of
the
Kingdome
:
neither
did
Olympias
reign
long
after
,
for
when
the
murde●●
of
many
P●i●ces
had
been
by
her
committed
,
rather
after
an
eff●minate
then
●egall
manner
it
converted
the
favour
of
the
multitude
,
into
an
irreconcileable
hatred
,
which
●ea●ing
,
and
having
withall
intelligence
of
the
approach
of
Cassander
(
now
altogether
distrusting
the
fidelity
of
her
own
Countrymen
)
she
with
her
sons
wife
Roxana
,
and
her
Nephew
young
Hercules
,
retired
into
a
City
called
〈◊〉
or
Pictua●
;
in
this
almost
forsaken
society
,
were
Deidamia
daughter
to
King
Aeacidus
,
Thessalonice
her
own
daught●●
in
law
,
famous
in
her
father
King
Philip's
memory
with
dive●●
other
Princely
matrons
,
a
small
train
attending
upon
them
●ather
for
shew
and
state
,
then
either
use
or
profit
.
These
things
being
in
order
related
to
Cassander
,
he
with
all
speed
possible
hastens
towards
the
City
Pictua
,
and
invests
himselfe
before
it
,
compassing
the
place
with
an
invincible
siege
.
Olympias
being
now
oppressed
both
with
sword
and
tamine
,
besides
all
the
inconveniences
depending
upon
a
long
and
tedious
war
,
treated
upon
conditions
,
in
which
her
●a●e
conduct
,
with
her
trains
,
being
comprehended
,
she
was
willing
to
submit
her selfe
into
the
hands
of
the
conquerour
:
at
whose
mercy
,
whilst
her
wavering
fortunes
yet
stood
,
Cassander
convents
the
whole
multitude
,
and
in
a
publick
oration
,
desires
to
be
counselled
by
them
how
to
dispose
of
the
Queen
;
having
before
suborned
the
parents
of
such
whose
children
she
had
caused
to
be
murdered
,
who
in
sad
and
funerall
habits
,
should
accuse
the
cruelty
and
inhumanity
of
Olympias
.
Their
tears
made
such
a
passionate
impression
in
the
breasts
of
the
Macedonians
,
that
with
loud
acclamations
they
doomed
her
to
present
slaughter
,
most
unnaturally
forgetting
that
both
by
Philip
her
husband
,
and
Alexander
her
son
,
their
lives
and
fortunes
were
not
only
safe
amongst
their
neighbour
nations
,
but
they
were
also
possessed
of
a
forrein
Empire
,
and
〈◊〉
from
Provinces
,
〈◊〉
their
times
scarce
heard
of
,
but
altogether
unknown
.
Now
the
Queen
perceiving
armed
men
make
towards
her
,
and
approach
her
to
the
same
purpose
,
both
with
resolution
and
obstinacy
,
she
,
att●●ed
in
a
Princely
and
majestick
habit
,
and
leaning
in
state
upon
the
shoulders
of
two
of
her
most
beautifull
handmaids
,
gave
them
a
willing
,
and
undanted
meeting
:
which
the
souldiers
seeing
,
and
calling
to
mind
her
former
state
,
beholding
her
present
majesty
,
and
not
forgetting
her
roiall
off-spring
,
illustrated
with
the
names
of
so
many
successive
Kings
,
they
stood
still
amazed
,
without
offering
her
any
〈◊〉
violence
:
til
others
sent
thither
by
the
command
of
Cass●nder
,
throughly
pierced
her
with
their
weapons
,
which
she
〈…〉
with
such
constancy
,
that
she
neither
offe●●d
〈…〉
avoid
their
wounds
,
or
expresse
〈…〉
by
any
〈◊〉
clamour
,
but
after
the
man●●
〈…〉
men
,
submitted
her selfe
to
〈…〉
her
〈…〉
,
〈◊〉
.
ABout
the
time
〈◊〉
the
Huns
came
〈◊〉
into
Italy
,
and
expoiled
the
Long●hards
,
〈◊〉
laid
〈◊〉
to
the
City
〈◊〉
,
and
in
a
hot
assault
having
slain
the
Duke
Oysulphus
,
his
wife
(
〈…〉
R●milda
)
〈◊〉
the
Town
defensible
,
bravely
and
resolutely
mainteined
it
against
the
enemy
.
But
as
Cacana
King
of
the
Anes
approached
neer
unto
the
wals
,
encouraging
his
souldiers
to
hang
up
their
scaling
ladders
and
enter
;
Romilda
at
the
same
time
looking
from
a
Cittadel
,
cast
her
eie
upon
the
King
,
who
as
he
seemed
unto
her
,
with
wondrous
dexterity
behaved
himself
,
and
with
an
extraordinary
grace
became
his
arms
.
This
liking
grew
into
an
ardency
in
love
,
for
she
that
at
first
but
allowed
of
his
presence
,
now
was
affected
to
his
person
:
insomuch
,
that
in
the
most
fierce
assaults
,
though
her self
danger
of
their
crosse-bows
and
slings
,
she
thought
within
the
secure
,
so
she
had
the
King
her
object
.
This
fire
was
already
kindled
in
her
breast
,
which
nothing
could
qualifie
,
insomuch
,
that
impatient
of
all
delay
,
she
sent
unto
her
publike
enemy
private
messengers
,
That
if
it
pleased
the
King
(
being
as
she
understood
a
batchelor
)
to
accept
her
as
his
bride
,
she
would
without
further
opposition
,
surrender
up
the
Town
peaceably
into
his
hands
:
these
conditions
are
first
debated
,
next
concluded
,
and
lastly
confirmed
by
oath
on
both
sides
.
The
Town
is
yeelded
up
,
and
Cacana
according
to
his
promise
takes
Romilda
to
wife
,
but
first
he
makes
spoile
of
the
Town
,
kils
many
,
and
leads
the
rest
captive
.
The
first
night
he
bedded
with
his
new
reconciled
bride
,
but
in
the
morning
abandoned
her
utterly
,
commanding
twelve
Huns
,
and
those
of
the
basest
of
his
souldiers
,
one
after
another
to
prostitute
her
by
turns
:
that
done
,
he
caused
a
sharp
stake
to
be
placed
in
the
middle
of
the
field
,
Such
a
husband
best
becomes
so
mercilesse
an
harlot
.
This
was
the
miserable
end
(
as
Polycronicon
saith
)
of
Romilda
.
But
better
it
hapned
to
her
two
beautifull
and
chast
daughters
,
Hadst
thou
made
election
of
me
,
I
had
possest
thee
of
my
son
,
but
in
chusing
him
,
thou
shalt
injoy
neither
.
So
turning
from
her
,
commanded
her
to
be
stripped
out
of
her
jewels
and
gay
ornaments
,
and
presently
to
he
shriven
and
sent
to
a
Monastery
:
where
she
had
not
long
been
cloistered
,
but
to
her
own
infamy
,
and
the
disgrace
of
the
religious
house
,
she
was
deprehended
in
the
dissolute
imbraces
of
a
wanton
and
lewd
fellow
,
for
which
she
was
turned
out
of
the
cloister
,
and
after
died
in
great
poverty
and
misery
.
In
memory
of
whom
there
was
a
law
established
amongst
the
West
Saxons
,
which
disabled
all
the
Kings
wives
after
her
,
either
to
be
dignified
with
the
name
of
Queen
,
or
upon
any
occasion
to
sit
with
him
on
his
regall
throne
:
yet
this
woman
though
she
died
poorly
,
yet
died
(
as
it
is
said
)
penitently
,
therefore
methinks
I
hear
her
leave
this
or
the
like
memory
behind
her
.
En
Epitaph
upon
Ethelburga
Queen
of
the
West
Saxons
.
I
was
,
I
am
not
;
smil'd
,
that
since
did
weep
;
Labour'd
,
that
rest
;
I
wak'd
,
that
now
must
sleep
;
I
plai'd
,
I
play
not
;
sung
,
that
now
am
still
;
Saw
,
that
am
blind
;
I
would
,
that
have
no
will
.
I
fed
that
,
which
feeds
worms
;
I
stood
,
I
fell
;
I
bad
God
save
you
,
that
now
bid
farewell
.
I
felt
,
I
feel
not
;
followed
,
was
pursu'd
;
I
warr'd
,
have
peace
;
I
conquer'd
am
subdu'd
.
I
mov'd
,
want
motion
;
I
was
stiffe
,
that
bow
Below
the
earth
;
then
something
,
nothing
now
.
I
catch'd
,
am
caught
;
I
travell'd
,
here
I
lie
;
Liv'd
to
the
world
,
that
to
the
world
now
die
.
This
melancholy
is
not
amisse
to
season
with
a
little
mirth
.
And
must
I
needs
then
go
home
again
without
thee
?
at
which
words
the
traveller
starting
up
in
hast
.
No
by
no
means
(
quoth
he
)
I
shall
be
glad
of
your
company
;
and
with
what
speed
he
can
makes
towards
her
;
away
runs
the
woman
,
thinking
her
sweet
heart
had
leap●
down
from
the
gibbet
and
followed
her
,
after
speeds
the
man
as
loath
to
be
destitute
of
company
,
still
crying
,
Stay
for
me
,
stay
for
me
:
but
the
faster
he
called
,
the
faster
she
ran
,
fear
added
to
both
their
hast
,
down
they
tumbled
often
,
but
as
quickly
they
were
up
again
,
still
she
fled
,
still
he
pursued
But
contrary
was
the
issue
of
their
fears
,
for
she
never
looked
back
till
she
came
to
her
own
house
,
where
finding
the
doors
open
,
and
her
husband
set
at
supper
,
for
hast
tumbled
him
and
his
stool
down
one
way
,
and
the
table
and
meat
another
:
he
rising
with
much
adoe
,
askt
what
the
pox
she
ailed
,
and
if
she
brought
the
devill
in
with
her
at
her
taile
?
long
it
was
ere
she
could
make
him
any
answer
,
or
come
to
her
right
sences
:
how
she
excused
it
I
knew
not
,
the
traveller
when
he
found
himselfe
neer
the
City
,
and
saw
light
,
slackned
his
pace
,
and
went
quietly
to
his
Inne
,
whether
they
ever
met
after
to
reconcile
their
mistake
,
or
no
,
I
know
not
,
neither
is
it
much
pertinent
to
enquire
.
A
Modern
History
of
an
Adulteresse
.
THE
King
of
Scythia
observing
a
man
to
go
still
naked
(
whereas
the
coldnesse
of
the
clime
enforceth
them
to
enquire
after
fables
,
What
's
the
best
thing
in
man
?
They
that
can
contain
themselves
within
these
few
prescriptions
,
A
homely
tale
I
am
next
to
tell
you
,
were
it
of
one
of
our
own
Countrywomen
,
Stephanus
Paulus
was
Pope
,
one
Gengulphus
a
good
and
devout
man
lived
in
Burgoign
,
It
is
said
that
he
bought
a
well
in
France
,
and
at
his
praiers
it
sunk
there
,
and
rose
againe
in
Burgoign
.
But
the
greater
miracle
is
behind
(
for
thereby
hangs
a
tale
)
This
man
sued
a
divorce
,
and
was
separated
from
his
wife
(
upon
whom
,
the
story
vouchsafes
no
name
)
she
confederated
with
a
Clerk
(
who
was
the
adulterer
)
to
take
away
his
life
:
he
being
dead
(
as
〈◊〉
testat●s
)
there
were
many
miracles
seen
about
his
grave
.
This
being
told
to
his
wife
sitting
at
a
banquet
,
and
being
in
her
jollity
,
she
fell
into
a
loud
laughter
,
and
thus
said
.
When
my
husband
Gengulphus
doth
any
such
miracles
,
then
do
you
all
take
notice
that
my
taile
shall
sing
.
These
words
(
as
my
author
saith
)
were
no
sooner
uttered
,
but
instantly
there
was
heard
from
under
her
a
filthy
foul
noise
,
and
so
oft
as
she
spake
,
so
often
it
was
heard
,
and
that
continued
until
her
dying
day
.
The
history
of
Italy
remembers
us
of
one
Isabella
the
wife
of
Luchinus
,
Vgolinus
Gonsaga
,
Prince
of
Mantua
,
Vittoria
Corumbona
▪
who
slew
her
husband
to
enjoy
the
Duke
Brachiano
.
Friga
was
the
wife
of
Othimus
King
of
the
Danes
;
Saxo
Grammaticus
affirms
,
prostituted
her
body
to
one
of
her
servants
.
So
Baptista
Egnatius
informs
us
of
the
Empresse
Zoe
,
Romanus
Arg●ropilus
,
that
she
might
freelier
injoy
the
company
of
Michael
Paphlagon
,
who
after
succeeded
in
the
Empire
.
Lewis
,
Seneshall
of
Normandy
,
taking
his
wife
in
adultery
,
Johannes
Laverinus
,
slew
them
both
in
the
act
.
Gregory
Turonensis
nominates
one
Deuteria
,
Domitian
.
Macrobius
speaks
of
one
Julia
a
Greekish
woman
,
who
being
suspected
of
adultery
by
the
great
Orator
Demosthenes
;
Blondus
,
Martinus
,
Platina
,
Robert
Berns
,
and
others
,
writ
of
Maud
the
Dutchesse
of
L●rrein
,
who
was
after
wife
to
a
second
husband
.
Aooron
,
Marquesse
of
Esten
,
from
whom
she
was
divorced
by
Pope
Hilde●●and
,
betwixt
whom
and
her
it
is
said
,
there
were
Furtivae
Complexus
,
i.
Imbraces
by
stealth
:
she
was
after
called
the
daughter
of
Saint
Peter
,
because
in
her
last
will
and
Testament
,
she
bequeathed
to
the
Church
of
Rome
a
great
part
of
Hetruria
,
which
is
called
unto
this
day
the
Patrimony
of
Saint
Peter
Trevisa
reports
,
that
in
the
time
when
Marcus
Commodus
was
Emperor
,
he
sent
into
Aegypt
one
Philippus
,
as
President
over
a
Province
,
then
in
the
jurisdiction
of
the
Romans
.
This
Philippus
had
a
beautiful
yong
daughter
called
Eugenia
,
Elfritha
.
RAnulphus
Monk
of
Chester
tels
this
story
:
King
Edgar
(
saith
he
)
being
,
in
his
youth
much
addicted
to
the
love
of
faire
women
,
Gunnora
.
IN
the
time
that
Agapitus
was
Pope
Lewis
King
of
France
,
the
son
of
Charls
,
caused
William
Longa
Spata
the
Duke
of
Normandy
to
be
treacherously
slain
:
this
William
was
son
to
Rollo
.
The
Lords
of
Normandy
with
this
murder
much
incensed
,
watched
their
advantage
,
and
surprised
the
King
in
Rhothemage
,
where
they
committed
him
to
safe
custody
till
he
had
promised
and
sworn
to
yeeld
up
Normandy
to
Richard
son
and
immediate
heire
to
William
the
late
murdered
Duke
,
and
moreover
,
in
what
place
soever
the
King
and
the
young
Duke
should
have
meeting
to
confer
,
that
Richard
should
car
his
sword
,
but
King
Lewis
neither
to
have
sword
nor
knife
about
him
.
This
Richard
being
young
,
was
called
Richard
the
Old
;
he
had
besides
another
attribute
given
him
,
which
was
,
Richard
without
Feare
,
because
he
was
never
known
to
be
dismaid
at
any
thing
;
but
a
third
above
these
was
,
that
he
pretended
to
be
wondrous
religious
.
He
was
Duke
two
and
fifty
years
,
and
took
a
Lady
to
his
bed
from
Denmark
,
whose
name
was
Gunnora
,
by
whom
he
had
five
sons
and
two
daughters
,
the
eldest
of
which
was
married
to
Etheldredus
King
of
England
,
Marianus
,
lib.
2.
Henricus
,
Ranulphus
,
and
others
,
that
besides
many
other
testimonies
of
his
sanctity
,
this
one
made
him
most
eminent
,
A
Monk
of
Andoenus
in
Rothomage
a
Town
in
Normandy
,
going
one
night
to
meet
with
his
Sweet
heart
,
his
way
lay
over
a
bridge
,
Semper
habet
lites
aeternaque
jurgia
lectus
,
&c.
The
marriage
bed
is
seldome
without
strife
,
And
mutuall
chidings
:
he
that
takes
a
wife
,
Bargains
for
mighty
trouble
,
and
small
rest
;
Sleep
growes
a
stranger
then
,
whilst
in
her
brest
She
lodgeth
Passion
,
Selfe-will
,
Anger
,
Feare
,
And
from
her
〈◊〉
drops
many
a
feigned
teare
,
&c.
Somewhat
to
this
purpose
spake
Terentius
in
his
Adelp●●s
.
Duxi
uxorem
,
quam
ibi
non
miseriam
vidi
,
&c.
I
made
choice
of
a
wife
,
with
judgement
sound
,
What
miserie
have
I
not
therein
found
?
Children
are
born
,
they
prove
my
second
care
;
They
should
be
comforts
,
that
my
corfives
are
,
For
her
and
them
,
I
study
to
provide
,
And
to
that
purpose
,
all
my
time
's
apply'd
:
To
keep
her
pleas'd
,
and
raise
their
poor
estate
,
And
what
s
my
meed
for
all
,
but
scorn
and
hate
?
And
so
much
for
Gunnora
.
It
seems
the
Emperor
Valentinianus
was
neither
well
read
in
Juvenal
nor
Terence
.
He
,
when
his
wife
commended
unto
him
the
beauty
of
the
Lady
Justina
,
Dosides
Antipater
;
on
Metheta
,
Cleopatra
,
Philip
,
and
Herodes
Antipas
he
that
was
afterward
called
Tetrarch
,
Saloma
,
Herods
sister
▪
Herod
by
the
instigation
of
Saloma
,
●lew
Hyrcanus
the
Priest
,
and
after
,
Jonathas
the
brother
of
Mariamnes
,
who
against
the
law
he
had
caused
to
be
consecrated
Priest
at
the
age
of
seventeen
years
.
After
that
he
caused
Mariamnes
to
be
put
to
death
,
with
the
husband
of
his
sister
Saloma
,
pretending
that
Hyrcanus
and
Jonathas
had
adulterated
his
sister
.
After
these
murders
,
Herod
grew
mad
for
the
love
of
Mariamnes
,
who
was
held
to
be
the
fairest
Lady
then
living
,
and
innocently
put
to
death
.
He
then
took
again
his
wife
Dosides
,
and
her
son
Antipater
to
favour
,
sending
Alexander
and
Aristobulus
the
sons
of
Mariamnes
to
Rome
to
be
instructed
in
the
best
literature
,
whom
after
he
caused
to
be
slain
.
And
these
were
the
fruits
of
Adulterous
and
Incestuous
marriages
.
Of
women
that
have
come
by
strange
deaths
.
THere
are
many
kinds
of
deaths
,
I
will
include
them
all
within
two
heads
,
Violent
,
and
Voluntary
:
the
Violent
is
,
when
either
it
comes
accidentally
,
or
when
we
would
live
and
cannot
:
the
Voluntary
is
,
when
we
may
live
and
will
not
;
and
in
this
we
may
include
the
blessedest
or
all
deaths
,
Martyrdome
.
I
will
begin
with
the
first
,
and
because
gold
is
a
mettall
that
all
degrees
,
callings
,
trades
,
mysteries
,
and
professions
,
of
either
Sex
,
especially
acquire
after
:
I
will
therefore
first
exemplifie
them
that
have
died
golden
deaths
.
Of
the
Mistresse
of
Brennus
.
Of
Tarpeia
,
and
Acco
a
Roman
Matron
.
OF
Midas
the
rich
King
,
and
of
his
golden
wish
,
I
presume
you
are
not
ignorant
,
and
therefore
in
vain
it
were
to
insist
upon
his
history
,
my
businesse
is
at
this
time
with
women
.
Brennus
an
Englishman
,
and
the
younger
brother
to
Belinus
,
both
sons
of
Donwallo
,
was
by
reason
of
composition
with
his
brother
,
with
whom
he
had
been
competitor
in
the
Kingdome
,
disposed
into
France
,
and
leading
an
army
of
the
Gals
,
invaded
forrein
Countries
,
as
Germany
,
Italy
,
sacking
Rome
,
and
piercing
Greece
:
Insomuch
,
that
his
glory
was
stretched
so
far
,
that
the
French
Chroniclers
would
take
him
quite
from
us
,
and
called
him
Rex
Gallorum
,
witnesse
Plutarch
in
his
seventeenth
Parallel
.
This
Brennus
spoiling
and
wasting
Asia
,
came
to
besiege
Ephesus
,
where
falling
in
love
with
a
wanton
of
that
City
,
he
grew
so
inward
with
her
,
that
upon
promise
of
reward
she
vowed
to
deliver
the
City
into
his
hands
:
the
conditions
were
,
that
he
being
possessed
of
the
Town
,
should
deliver
into
her
●ate
custody
,
as
many
jewels
,
rings
,
and
as
much
treasure
as
should
countervaile
so
great
a
benefit
;
to
which
he
assented
.
The
Town
delivered
,
and
he
being
victor
,
she
attended
her
reward
;
Rerum
Gallicar
▪
to
answer
which
,
Aristides
Melesius
in
Italicis
,
speaks
of
Tarpeia
,
Qualis
vita
,
finis
ita
.
The
like
was
read
of
the
rich
Roman
Crassus
.
Of
such
as
have
died
in
child-birth
.
THough
of
these
be
infinites
,
and
daily
seen
amongst
us
,
yet
it
is
nor
altogether
amisse
to
speak
something
though
never
so
little
,
Marcus
Cicero
,
who
being
first
placed
with
Dolobella
,
and
after
with
Piso
Crassipides
,
died
in
Child-bed
.
The
like
Suetonius
puts
us
in
mind
of
Junia
Claudilla
,
Marcus
Sillanus
,
and
wife
to
the
Emperor
Ca●us
Caligula
,
who
died
after
the
same
manner
H●ginus
in
his
two
hundred
threescore
and
fourth
Fable
,
tels
this
tale
:
In
the
old
time
saith
he
,
there
were
no
midwives
at
all
,
and
for
that
cause
many
women
in
their
modesty
,
rather
suffered
themselves
to
perish
for
want
of
help
,
then
that
any
man
should
be
seen
or
known
to
come
about
them
.
Above
all
,
the
Athenians
were
most
curious
that
no
servant
or
woman
should
learn
the
art
of
Chirurgery
.
There
was
a
damosell
of
that
City
,
that
was
very
industrious
in
the
search
of
such
mysteries
,
Of
women
that
suffered
martyrdome
.
ANd
of
these
in
briefe
.
Flaccus
Comes
,
she
was
commanded
to
be
shut
up
in
a
jakes
,
and
there
stilled
to
death
.
Murita
had
likewise
the
honour
of
a
Martyr
,
who
being
banished
by
Elphedorus
a
certaine
Arrian
,
opprest
with
cold
and
hunger
,
most
miserably
died
.
Hyrene
the
virgin
,
because
she
would
not
abjure
her
faith
and
religion
,
was
by
Sisimmius
shot
through
with
an
arrow
.
The
like
death
suffered
the
martyr
Christiana
under
Julian
the
Apostata
.
Paulina
a
Roman
Virgin
,
and
daughter
to
the
Prefect
Artemius
,
was
with
her
mother
Candida
stoned
to
death
by
the
command
of
the
Tyrant
Dioclesian
▪
Agatho
virgo
Catanensis
was
strangled
in
Prison
,
by
the
command
of
the
Consul
Quintianus
.
Theodora
,
a
virgin
of
Antioch
,
was
beheaded
by
the
tyranny
of
Dioclesian
.
Julia
Countesse
of
Eulalia
,
suffered
the
same
death
under
the
President
Diaconus
.
Margarita
,
a
maid
and
a
martyr
,
had
her
head
cut
off
by
Olibrius
.
Zoe
the
wife
of
Nicostratus
,
was
nailed
unto
a
crosse
,
and
so
ended
her
life
,
partly
with
the
torture
of
the
gibbet
,
and
partly
with
the
smoke
(
that
the
executioner
made
at
the
foot
of
the
gallowes
)
suffocated
.
Julia
Carthagensis
,
because
she
would
not
bow
to
idols
,
and
adore
the
fal●e
heathen
gods
,
but
was
a
constant
professor
of
the
Christian
Faith
,
was
martyred
after
the
selfe
same
manner
.
Emerita
the
sister
of
Lucius
King
of
England
(
who
had
the
honour
to
be
called
the
first
Christian
King
of
this
Country
)
she
suffered
for
the
Faith
by
fire
.
Alexandria
was
the
wife
of
Dacianus
the
President
,
who
being
converted
to
the
Faith
by
blessed
Saint
George
,
was
therefore
by
the
bloody
murderer
her
husbands
own
hands
strangled
Maximianus
the
son
of
Dioclesian
,
with
his
own
hands
likewise
slew
his
naturall
sister
Artemia
,
because
that
forsaking
all
Idolatry
,
she
proved
a
convert
,
to
the
true
Christian
Faith
.
Flavia
Domicilla
,
a
noble
Lady
of
Rome
,
was
banished
into
the
Isle
Pon●ia
in
the
fifteenth
yeare
of
the
raign
〈◊〉
D●n●tian
,
for
no
other
reason
but
that
she
constantly
professed
her selfe
to
be
a
Christian
These
two
following
suffered
persecution
under
Antonius
Verus
in
France
:
Blondina
who
is
said
to
weary
her
tormentors
,
patiently
enduring
more
then
they
could
malitiously
inflict
,
insomuch
,
that
before
she
fainted
,
they
confessed
themselves
overcome
,
she
ready
still
to
suffer
and
beare
,
when
they
had
not
blowes
to
give
,
for
as
oft
as
she
spake
these
words
,
I
am
a
Christian
neither
have
I
committed
any
evill
,
she
seemed
to
the
spectators
of
her
martyrdome
,
to
be
so
refreshed
and
comforted
from
above
,
that
she
felt
no
paine
or
anguish
in
the
middest
of
her
torture
,
and
in
that
patience
she
continued
without
alternation
even
to
the
last
ga●●
.
Bi●●is
,
one
that
before
through
her
womanish
weaknesse
had
fai●●ed
for
fear
o●
torments
,
comming
to
see
her
with
others
ex●●uted
,
was
so
strengthened
to
behold
their
constancy
,
that
as
it
were
awakened
out
of
her
former
dream
,
and
comparing
those
temporall
punishments
(
which
lasted
but
a
moment
)
with
the
eternall
pains
of
hell
fire
,
gave
up
her selfe
freely
for
the
Gospels
sake
.
Dionysius
in
an
Epistle
to
Fabius
Bishop
of
Antioch
,
reckons
up
those
that
suffered
martyrdome
under
Decius
the
Emperor
.
Quinta
a
faithfull
woman
,
was
by
the
Infidels
brought
into
a
Temple
of
their
Idols
,
unto
which
because
she
denied
divine
adoration
,
they
bound
her
hand
and
foot
,
and
most
inhumanely
dragged
her
along
the
streets
upon
the
sharp
stones
;
but
when
that
could
not
prevaile
with
her
,
they
beat
her
head
and
sides
,
and
bruised
them
against
Mil●stones
,
that
done
,
she
was
pitiously
scourged
,
and
lastly
,
bloodily
executed
.
The
same
L●ctors
laid
hands
on
Apollonia
,
a
Virgin
,
but
something
grounded
in
years
,
and
because
she
spake
boldly
in
the
defence
of
her
Faith
first
with
barbarous
cruelty
they
beat
out
her
teeth
,
then
without
the
City
they
prepared
a
huge
pile
,
threatning
to
burn
her
instantly
unlesse
she
would
renounce
her
Christianity
,
but
she
seeming
to
pause
a
little
,
as
if
she
meant
better
to
consider
of
the
matter
,
(
when
they
least
suspected
)
leapt
suddenly
into
the
fire
,
and
was
there
consumed
to
ashes
.
Ammomarion
,
a
holy
Virgin
,
after
the
suffering
of
many
torments
under
the
same
Tyrant
,
gave
up
her
life
an
acceptable
sacrifice
for
the
Gospell
.
Mercuria
▪
a
vertuous
woman
,
and
one
Dionysia
a
fruitfull
and
child-bearing
martyr
,
after
they
were
questioned
about
their
faith
,
and
in
all
arguments
boldly
opposed
the
Judges
,
were
first
rackt
and
tortured
till
they
were
past
all
sence
of
feeling
,
that
done
,
they
caused
them
to
be
executed
.
Theodosia
was
a
virgin
of
Tyrus
;
about
the
age
of
eighteen
years
,
she
comming
to
visit
certaine
prisoners
at
Cesarea
who
were
called
to
the
bar
,
and
because
they
stood
stedfastly
in
the
defence
of
the
Gospell
,
prepared
themselves
to
hear
the
most
welcome
sentence
of
death
pronounced
against
them
:
Conon
Meridock
a
re●olute
and
bold
Brittain
,
having
in
many
bloody
conflicts
sped
diversly
,
sometimes
the
victory
inclining
to
one
side
,
and
then
to
another
,
but
in
conclusion
to
the
losse
of
both
;
their
hostility
was
by
mediation
at
length
attoned
,
and
a
firm
peace
establisht
betwixt
them
:
that
done
,
Maximus
made
war
upon
the
Gals
,
and
invading
a
Province
then
called
America
(
but
since
Little
Brittain
)
he
won
it
by
the
sword
,
and
after
surreendered
it
to
Conon
to
hold
it
for
ever
as
of
the
Kings
of
Great
Brittain
.
Conon
Meridock
was
a
Welch
man
,
and
from
these
it
may
be
,
That
all
that
Nation
assume
to
themselves
the
name
of
Brittains
.
This
eminent
Captain
being
only
furnisht
with
souldiers
for
the
present
warres
,
but
wanting
women
to
maintein
further
issue
,
to
him
was
sent
S.
Vesula
,
with
eleven
thousand
virgins
to
be
espo●to
Conon
and
his
Knights
.
But
being
met
at
sea
by
Pagan
Pirates
,
because
they
would
neither
change
their
faith
,
nor
prostitute
themselves
to
their
barbarous
and
beastly
lusts
,
they
were
all
by
these
inhumane
wretches
cut
to
pieces
,
and
cast
over
boo●d
,
and
therefore
in
mine
opinion
not
unworthily
reckoned
amongst
the
Martyrs
.
From
these
I
will
proceed
to
others
.
Aristoclaea
.
OF
all
the
deaths
that
I
have
read
of
;
this
of
Aristoclaea
methinks
exceeds
example
,
with
which
,
howsoever
her
body
was
tormented
,
Strato
,
Orchomenius
,
and
Calisthenes
Aliartius
:
Of
these
Strato
being
the
richest
,
he
seemed
the
most
endeared
to
her
in
affection
▪
for
he
had
first
seen
her
at
Lebedaea
,
bathing
her selfe
in
the
fountaine
Hercyne
,
from
whence
having
a
basket
upon
her
arm
,
which
she
was
to
use
in
the
sacrifice
to
Jupiter
,
he
took
a
full
view
of
her
in
her
way
to
the
Temple
:
yet
Callisthenes
he
sed
himselfe
with
the
greater
hopes
,
because
he
was
of
more
proximity
,
and
virgin
in
in
alliance
:
betwixt
these
two
Orchomenius
stood
as
a
man
indifferent
.
Her
father
Theophanes
upon
their
importunities
doubtfull
,
and
not
yet
having
determined
on
which
to
confer
his
daughter
,
as
fearing
Strato's
potency
who
in
wealth
and
nobility
equalled
if
not
anteceded
the
best
the
in
the
City
,
he
therefore
put
it
off
to
one
Trophonius
to
be
decided
:
but
Strato
most
confident
in
his
own
opinion
and
strength
,
took
the
power
of
her
disposing
from
Trop●onius
,
and
gave
it
up
freely
into
her
own
will
.
The
damosell
in
a
confluence
of
all
her
kindred
and
friends
gathered
for
that
purpose
,
and
in
the
sight
of
he●
suitors
,
was
publickly
demanded
,
of
which
of
them
she
made
choice
?
who
answered
,
of
Callisthenes
.
Strato
taking
this
in
an
i●●econcilable
disgrace
,
and
in
the
greatnesse
of
his
spirit
not
able
to
disgest
an
injury
(
as
he
took
it
)
of
that
〈…〉
his
spleen
,
and
some
two
daies
after
meeting
with
Th●ophanes
and
Callisthenes
,
he
gave
them
a
friendly
and
an
unexpected
salutation
,
〈◊〉
still
a
continuance
of
their
ancient
love
and
friendship
;
that
since
what
many
covet
one
can
but
enjoy
,
he
could
content
himselfe
with
his
own
lot
,
howsoever
de●●●ing
that
their
amity
might
remain
perfect
and
unchanged
:
these
words
came
so
seemingly
from
the
heart
,
that
they
with
great
joy
did
not
only
enterteine
his
love
and
voluntary
reconcilement
,
but
in
all
courtesie
gave
him
a
solemn
invitation
to
the
wedding
,
which
he
as
complementally
enterteined
;
〈◊〉
upon
these
terms
they
pa●ted
.
〈…〉
a
crew
〈◊〉
as
he
might
best
trust
,
and
add
,
them
to
the
number
of
his
servants
,
these
he
ambushes
in
divers
places
,
selected
for
his
purpose
,
but
all
to
be
ready
at
a
watch-word
.
Callisthenes
bringing
Aristoclaea
towards
the
〈◊〉
called
〈◊〉
,
the●e
to
perform
the
first
sacreds
belonging
to
marriage
,
according
to
the
custome
of
her
ancestors
;
Strato
with
his
faction
ariseth
,
and
with
his
own
hands
selfeth
upon
the
virgin
;
on
the
other
side
Callisthenes
he
catcheth
the
fastest
hold
he
can
to
keep
her
;
Strato
and
his
pull
one
way
,
Callishenes
and
his
another
:
thus
both
contending
in
the
heat
of
their
affection
,
but
not
regarding
her
safety
whom
they
did
affect
,
she
as
it
were
set
upon
the
rack
of
love
,
plucked
almost
to
peeces
,
betwixt
them
both
expired
.
Which
seeing
Callisthenes
,
he
was
suddenly
lost
,
neither
could
any
man
ever
after
tell
what
became
of
him
,
whether
he
punished
himselfe
by
some
extraordinary
death
,
or
betook
himselfe
to
voluntary
exile
.
Strato
openly
before
his
own
people
,
transpierc'd
himselfe
,
and
fell
down
dead
before
the
body
of
Aristoclaea
.
Of
no
such
death
died
Democrita
whose
history
next
ensueth
.
Alcippus
the
Lacedemonion
,
Demophron
the
son
of
Theseus
and
Phaedra
,
the
halfe
brother
to
Hippolitus
,
returning
from
the
wars
of
Troy
towards
his
Country
,
by
tempests
and
contrary
winds
being
driven
upon
the
coast
of
Thrace
,
was
gently
received
and
affectionately
enterteined
by
Phillis
,
Jupiter
begat
Hercules
of
Al●mena
,
in
the
shape
of
her
husband
Amphitrio
,
joining
three
nights
in
one
;
whom
Euristius
King
of
Micena
(
at
the
urgence
of
his
stepmother
Juno
)
imploid
in
all
hazardous
and
fearfull
adventures
,
not
that
thereby
he
might
gaine
the
greater
honour
,
but
by
such
means
sooner
perish
:
but
his
spirit
was
so
great
,
and
his
strength
so
eminent
,
that
from
forth
all
these
swallowing
dangers
he
still
plunged
a
victor
:
amongst
these
difficulties
was
that
combat
against
Achelous
,
a
Flood
in
Aetolia
(
who
transhaped
himself
into
sundry
figures
for
the
love
of
Deianeira
daughter
to
Oeneus
and
Althaea
King
and
Queen
of
Calidon
,
and
sister
to
Meleager
)
he
,
whom
no
monsters
nor
earthly
powers
could
came
,
by
the
conquest
of
Achilous
won
Deianeira
for
his
bride
.
But
he
whom
all
tyrants
and
terrours
were
subject
to
,
submitted
himselfe
to
effeminacy
,
and
the
too
much
dotage
upon
women
:
for
when
Euritus
King
of
Oechalia
had
denied
him
his
daughter
Iole
(
before
promised
him
)
the
City
taken
and
the
King
slaine
,
he
took
her
freely
into
his
embraces
;
with
whose
love
he
was
so
blinded
,
that
her
imperious
command
he
laid
by
his
club
and
Lions
skin
(
the
trophies
of
his
former
victories
)
and
,
which
was
most
unseemly
for
so
great
a
conquerour
,
par●on
a
womanish
habit
,
and
blusht
not
with
a
distasse
in
his
hand
to
spin
amongst
her
damosels
.
In
briefe
,
what
slavery
and
servitude
soever
he
had
before
suffered
under
the
tyranny
of
Omphale
Queen
of
Lydia
,
of
whom
he
begot
Lamus
,
he
endured
from
her
:
which
Deianeira
hearing
,
in
a
letter
she
●aies
open
to
him
all
his
former
noble
act
and
victories
,
that
by
comparing
them
with
his
present
〈◊〉
,
it
the
better
might
encourage
him
to
〈◊〉
,
the
first
,
and
deter
him
from
the
last
.
But
having
receved
newes
of
Hercules
calamity
,
by
reason
of
the
poisoned
shire
sent
him
by
her
servant
Lychas
dipt
in
the
blood
of
the
Centaur
Nessus
,
in
which
she
thought
there
had
been
the
vertue
to
revoke
him
from
all
new
loves
,
and
establish
him
in
his
first
(
for
so
Nessus
had
perswaded
her
,
when
in
her
transwafcage
over
the
flood
Evenus
,
he
was
slain
by
the
arrow
of
Hercules
dipt
in
the
poison
of
Lerna
)
when
the
(
I
say
)
heard
of
the
death
of
her
husband
,
and
that
(
though
unwilling
)
it
hapned
by
her
means
,
she
died
by
a
voluntary
wound
given
by
her
own
hand
.
Diana
Tryclaria
(
and
the
reason
was
,
because
he
had
strumpeted
her
in
the
Temple
)
And
notwithstanding
their
deaths
,
unlesse
every
yeare
at
the
same
season
,
a
perfectly
featured
youth
and
a
virgin
of
exquisite
beauty
(
to
expiate
their
transgression
)
were
likewise
offered
upon
the
same
Altar
,
the
plague
should
still
continue
;
which
was
accordingly
done
,
and
Menalippus
and
the
faire
Cometho
were
the
first
dish
that
was
served
up
to
this
bloody
feast
▪
The
same
author
speaks
of
the
daughter
of
Aristodemus
in
this
manner
.
Herodotus
in
Euterpe
speaks
of
one
Pheretrina
Queen
of
the
B●cchaeaus
,
Propert
▪
in
his
third
book
,
speak●
of
one
Dyrce
,
Plin.
lib.
7.
Pyrene
the
daughter
to
B●br●x
,
was
comprest
by
Hercules
in
the
mountains
that
divide
Italy
from
Spaine
,
she
was
after
torn
in
pieces
by
wild
beasts
,
they
were
called
or
her
Montes
Pyreneae
.
i.
The
Pyrenean
mountains
.
Antipater
Tarcenses
apud
Vollateran
.
speaks
of
one
Gatis
,
Atergatis
▪
Quintus
Curtius
in
his
fourth
book
relates
,
she
died
upon
a
vowed
abstinence
,
for
being
taken
prisoner
by
Alexander
,
yet
nobly
used
by
him
,
whether
tired
with
the
continuall
labour
of
her
journie
,
or
more
afflicted
with
the
disease
of
the
mind
it
is
not
certain
:
but
falling
betwixt
the
arms
of
her
two
daughters
(
after
five
daies
abstinence
from
meat
,
drink
,
and
light
)
she
expired
.
Marcus
Herennius
,
a
Decurion
,
who
in
a
bright
and
cleare
day
,
when
there
appeared
in
the
skie
no
sign
of
storm
or
tempest
,
was
slain
by
a
thunderclap
.
Pausanias
apud
Voll●teran
.
Caelius
lib.
6.
cap.
15.
remembers
us
of
one
Acco
,
Calphurnius
Crassus
,
into
whose
hands
she
had
betraied
the
life
of
her
father
,
and
freedome
of
her
Country
,
fell
upon
a
sword
and
so
perished
.
Constantius
Monachus
,
both
about
one
time
died
of
the
Pestilence
.
Gregorius
Turonensis
,
Volateranus
.
Sextus
Aurelius
writes
,
that
the
Emperor
Constantius
,
son
to
Constantius
and
Helena
,
Egnatius
Melentinus
,
who
slew
his
wife
for
no
other
cause
,
but
that
she
had
drunk
wine
,
and
was
acquitted
of
the
murder
by
Romulus
.
Diogineanus
,
More
cruel
then
Hyppomanes
Gregorius
Turonensis
remembers
one
Deuteria
,
Marcus
Antonus
and
Fausta
,
as
Herodian
reports
,
was
slaine
by
the
hand
of
her
brother
Commodus
,
against
whom
she
had
before
made
a
conjuration
.
Marcellus
lib.
16.
have
left
recorded
,
that
Mithridates
King
of
Pontus
,
being
overcome
in
a
battell
by
Pompey
,
Manutius
Priscus
had
straitly
besieged
,
and
the
Eunuch
perceived
the
defenders
of
the
Castle
dismaid
and
ready
to
submit
themselves
and
give
up
the
fort
,
he
drew
out
his
sword
,
and
slew
her
,
rather
then
she
should
be
mode
a
captive
to
the
Roman
General
-
Sextas
Aurelius
writes
of
the
Empresse
Sabina
the
wife
of
Adrian
,
Pontus
de
Fortuna
,
Propertius
lib.
3.
thus
speaks
,
Brachia
spectavi
sacris
admorsa
colubris
.
Neaera
and
Charmione
,
Monima
Miletia
,
Veronicha
Chia
,
Bochides
.
Monima
first
hanged
her self
,
but
the
weight
of
her
body
breaking
the
cord
,
she
grew
somewhat
recovered
,
and
fell
into
this
sad
acclamation
,
O
execrable
power
of
a
diad●●
,
whose
command
even
in
this
small
sad
service
I
cannot
use
:
which
words
were
no
sooner
spoke
,
but
she
offered
her
〈◊〉
to
the
sword
of
the
Eunuch
,
who
instantly
dispatched
〈◊〉
both
of
life
and
torment
.
Veronica
drank
oft
a
〈◊〉
of
wine
tempered
with
person
,
which
dispersing
into
her
veins
,
and
keeping
her
in
a
languishing
torment
,
her
death
was
likewise
hastned
by
the
Eunuch
Bochides
.
Valerius
Maximus
,
lib.
9.
cap.
12.
So
much
I
hope
shall
suffice
for
women
that
have
died
strange
deaths
,
for
I
had
rather
hear
of
many
to
live
well
,
then
that
any
one
should
die
ill
.
I
only
intreat
patience
of
the
courteous
Reader
,
that
as
I
have
begun
this
book
in
sadnesse
,
so
he
will
give
me
leave
to
conclude
it
in
jest
.
Some
no
doubt
(
though
not
justly
)
will
tax
me
for
my
too
much
intermixtion
of
history
,
and
say
there
be
many
things
inserted
,
not
pertinent
to
my
project
in
hand
,
which
might
better
have
been
left
out
then
put
in
:
They
in
my
conceit
do
but
dally
with
me
,
and
put
such
a
trick
upon
me
,
as
a
Gentleman
did
upon
a
Country
hostler
.
My
tale
is
but
homely
,
but
it
hath
a
significant
Moral
.
This
traveller
often
using
to
a
thorowfare
Inne
,
was
much
annoied
by
reason
that
betwixt
his
chamber
and
the
stable
,
Because
they
can
live
no
longer
.
Explicit
lib.
quartus
.
Inscriptus
Melpomene
.
THE
FIFTH
BOOK
inscribed
TERPSICHORE
Intreating
of
Amazons
:
and
other
Women
famous
either
for
Valour
,
or
for
Beauty
.
A
Question
may
be
demanded
,
Why
under
the
Muse
〈◊〉
I
personate
the
Bold
and
the
Beautifull
,
the
War-like
and
the
Faire
,
she
being
the
Muse
to
whom
measure●
and
dances
are
solely
peculiar
,
as
being
of
them
the
only
and
first
inventresse
?
I
〈◊〉
,
(
and
I
hope
not
impertinently
)
that
considering
every
circumstance
,
I
know
not
how
to
comm●nd
them
to
a
more
fit
Mecaen●●
or
Patron
for
what
doth
all
your
martial
discipline
consist
;
but
upon
〈◊〉
,
number
,
measure
,
distance
,
and
order
?
and
all
these
in
Cho●eis
,
〈◊〉
(
〈◊〉
dance●
)
especially
we
obse●ved
.
In
dances
we
keep
time
to
the
musick
;
so
in
marching
or
dr●lling
,
our
ears
are
attentive
to
the
voice
of
the
Captaine
or
Generall
.
In
the
figures
of
the
one
,
and
files
of
the
other
,
number
is
necessarily
observed
,
so
is
measure
,
distance
,
and
order
,
for
in
these
they
have
an
equall
correspondence
.
Now
concerning
fair
women
,
whom
in
all
masks
at
the
Court
,
City
,
or
elsewhere
,
do
your
gallants
pick
out
,
but
the
Virgins
or
Ladies
most
beautifull
?
nay
,
even
at
Wakes
or
Weddings
in
the
Country
,
the
fairest
lasse
is
continually
called
out
to
dance
,
be
it
but
to
the
harp
,
taber
or
bag
pipe
.
Amongst
the
souldiers
were
celebrated
the
Pyrrhick
dance
in
armour
,
first
instituted
by
King
Pyrrhus
of
Epire
;
so
likewise
the
Matachine
or
sword
dance
:
what
measures
have
been
devised
for
the
exercise
of
faire
Ladies
,
Custome
derived
from
all
Antiquity
still
makes
frequent
amongst
us
.
It
was
used
amongst
the
Jewes
,
witnesse
Herodias
,
and
is
still
continued
in
Spain
,
France
,
and
England
.
A
second
doubt
is
,
whether
the
magnanimous
,
or
the
exquisitely
featured
,
whether
Fortitude
,
or
Pulchritude
,
ought
to
have
precedence
and
first
place
.
It
is
a
maxime
amongst
the
Physitians
.
Plus
necat
,
gula
quam
gladius
,
i.
surfets
have
been
the
destruction
of
more
then
the
sword
:
so
I
am
of
opinion
,
That
beauty
hath
been
the
ruine
of
more
Cities
,
the
depopulation
of
more
Kingdoms
;
and
destruction
of
more
men
then
the
sword
.
But
in
this
place
,
since
the
courage
of
the
mind
,
and
excellence
of
form
contend
for
the
upper
hand
,
I
take
it
from
Feature
,
to
bestow
it
on
Magnanimity
and
spirit
,
since
the
deeds
of
the
one
live
to
all
posterity
,
but
the
frailty
of
the
other
is
subject
to
every
small
infirmity
;
Therefore
Ovid
in
his
book
de
arte
amandi
thus
writes
,
Forma
bonum
fragile
est
,
quantumque
accedit
ad
annos
Fit
minor
,
&
Gradu
carpitur
ipse
suo
,
&c.
Form's
a
frail
good
:
as
time
runs
on
,
it
wasts
,
And
the
more
spends
it selfe
,
the
more
it
hasts
.
Nor
alwaies
can
the
purple
violet
smell
,
Or
Lillies
bloom
,
in
whitenesse
that
excell
.
The
fragrant
rose
whose
beauty
we
desire
,
The
leaves
once
falne
,
shewes
but
a
naked
brier
.
O
thou
most
faire
,
white
haires
come
on
a
pace
,
And
wrinckled
furrowes
which
shall
plow
thy
face
.
So
likewise
Petronius
Arbiter
in
one
of
his
Satyrs
.
Quod
solum
formae
decus
est
,
cecidere
Capillae
.
The
only
beauty
of
her
shape
(
her
haire
)
Fell
from
her
head
,
her
beauty
to
impaire
.
Summer
succeeds
the
Spring
,
her
Autumn
chaceth
,
And
them
sad
Winter
with
his
snow
disgraceth
.
Deceitfull
Nature
,
all
these
youthfull
joies
Thou
gav'st
us
first
,
thou
art
the
first
destroies
.
Now
the
fruits
and
effects
of
this
frail
beauty
,
especially
where
a
faire
face
meeteth
with
a
corrupted
mind
,
I
will
next
shew
you
by
history
.
Ahab
by
the
perswasion
of
his
faire
wife
Jesabel
was
the
death
of
many
of
the
Prophets
of
the
Lord.
Mache
P●gna
;
his
words
are
these
,
Qualis
&
Iscomache
Lapithae
genus
Heroinae
,
Centaur●s
m●d●o
grata
rap●●a
me●o
.
Such
as
Iscomache
that
was
,
Of
the
L●●y
〈…〉
She
whom
the
Centaurs
would
have
rapt
Am●dst
their
cups
of
wine
.
Per●●les
for
his
love
to
Aspasia
made
was
against
the
Samians
.
Tortellius
Lavinia's
beauty
,
the
daughter
of
King
Latinus
and
the
Queen
Amata
,
was
cause
of
the
comb●●ion
betwixt
Turnus
and
Aeneas
:
so
saith
〈◊〉
lib.
4.
de
S●●llis
.
Lysimach●●
the
son
of
Agathocles
poisoned
his
own
son
Agathocles
,
by
whose
fortunate
hand
he
had
received
the
honour
and
benefit
of
many
glorious
victories
,
Prolomaeus
,
〈◊〉
.
Iphis
a
youth
of
exquisite
feature
,
strangl●●
himselfe
,
because
he
was
despised
by
the
fair
,
but
cruell
Anaxarite
.
Post
modo
si
p●ges
,
in
te
mihi
liber
Iambus
Tincta
Licambaeo
sanguine
●ela
dabit
.
If
thou
pursu'st
me
still
,
my
book
Just
vengeance
shall
implore
,
And
in
Iambick
weapons
yeeld
Dipt
in
Lycambes
gore
.
Justine
in
his
twenty
seventh
book
relates
,
That
Seleucus
Callinicus
King
of
Syria
,
Helena
〈◊〉
King
of
the
Thebans
,
was
slain
by
King
Cr●eon
,
being
betraied
by
his
own
Polydices
.
Ptolomaeus
Phil●pater
,
and
her
own
father
Alexander
,
King
of
Syria
.
Idas
and
Lyncaeus
the
sons
of
Aphareus
and
Arbarne
fought
a
great
battel
neer
to
Sparta
,
about
the
two
fair
daughters
of
Leu●ippus
,
Phebe
and
●●aira
against
Castor
and
Pollux
,
Hellen.
Li●y
lib
36.
writes
of
Antiochus
,
who
warning
against
Rome
,
was
so
taken
with
the
beauty
of
a
〈…〉
,
that
neglecting
all
warlike
discipline
,
to
spend
his
〈…〉
with
his
wanton
,
he
became
a
〈…〉
to
the
enemy
.
Servius
Tullius
.
Antonius
Commodus
the
Emperor
(
whose
Concubine
she
was
)
to
〈◊〉
slain
by
a
souldier
,
with
whom
she
had
many
times
lustfull
congression
.
Titus
Corrancanus
being
sent
on
Embassie
to
Teuca
Queen
of
the
Illyrians
,
Florus
.
Volla●eranus
writes
of
one
Rhodoricus
King
of
the
Goths
,
who
because
he
stup●ated
the
daughter
of
Iulianus
who
was
Prefect
in
the
Province
or
Tingitana
,
the
father
of
the
ravisht
virgin
brought
in
the
Moo●s
,
and
raised
a
war
,
which
before
it
was
ended
,
was
the
death
of
seven
hundred
thousand
men
.
Chilpericus
the
son
of
Cloth●rius
was
slain
by
the
instigation
of
his
wife
Fridegunda
in
his
return
from
hunting
.
Vgolinus
Gonzaga
,
because
he
had
adulterated
his
fair
wife
Isabella
.
Volla●●ran
Otratus
King
of
Bohemia
,
accused
of
sloath
and
cowardise
by
his
wife
Margarita
,
Rodulphus
Caesar
raised
war
betwixt
them
,
in
which
her
husband
was
defeated
.
Gandulphus
the
martyr
,
for
but
counselling
his
wife
to
a
more
chast
and
temperate
life
,
was
murdered
betwixt
her
and
the
adulterer
.
Of
wars
and
many
other
mischiefes
,
of
which
faire
women
have
been
the
originall
,
Ovid
elegantly
delivers
in
2
Eleg.
thus
concluding
:
Vidi
ego
pro
nivea
pugnantes
conjuge
tauros
Spectatrix
animos
,
ipsa
〈…〉
.
For
a
white
He●fer
I
have
seen
〈◊〉
●ight
,
Both
gathering
rage
and
cou●age
fr●●
her
sight
.
At
the
building
of
Rome
,
R●m●lus
to
people
the
City
and
get
wives
for
his
souldiers
,
caused
them
to
ravish
the
Sabin
women
and
demosels
:
for
which
,
wa●
grew
betwixt
the
two
Nations
.
Of
which
Proper
,
lib.
2.
Cur
exempla
〈◊〉
Graecum
?
Tu
criminis
author
Nutribus
〈…〉
lact●
lupae
,
&c.
What
need
I
from
〈◊〉
Greek●
example
ask
?
Thou
〈◊〉
by
〈…〉
she-wo●fe
nurs'd
To
rape
the
〈◊〉
m●d'st
thy
souldiers
task
Rape
▪
Rome
still
love●
,
because
thou
taught'st
it
fi●st
.
Since
men
the
form
at
best
〈◊〉
●oon
fades
,
and
th●
beauty
hath
been
the
came
of
so
much
blood-shed
,
Why
should
women
be
so
proud
of
that
which
rated
〈◊〉
the
highest
,
is
no
better
then
in
excellent
evill
,
or
a
wretched
wonder
;
that
had
beginning
,
therefore
subject
to
end
;
created
from
earth
,
and
therefore
consequently
trans●●●ry
?
but
on
the
contrary
,
since
the
vertues
of
the
mind
●●ely
acquire
after
〈◊〉
and
glory
,
conquer
oblivion
and
survive
envy
,
and
Ph●nix-like
recover
fresh
youth
from
forgotten
ashes
:
To
such
I
yeeld
the
first
place
,
and
so
begin
with
the
Amazons
.
Of
the
Amazons
.
AND
first
of
their
Country
.
Cappadocia
is
a
land
that
breedeth
goodly
and
brave
horses
,
it
hath
on
the
East
side
Armenia
,
on
the
West
Asia
the
lesse
,
on
the
North
Amazonia
,
on
the
South
Mount
Taurus
,
by
which
lieth
Sicilia
and
〈◊〉
,
as
far
as
the
Cilicke
Sea
that
stretcheth
towards
the
Island
of
Cyprus
.
The
lesse
Asia
(
called
Asia
minor
)
joineth
to
Cappadocia
,
and
is
closed
in
with
the
great
sea
,
for
it
hath
on
the
North
the
mouth
and
sea
that
is
called
Euxinus
,
on
the
West
Propontides
,
on
the
South
the
Aegyptian
sea
.
This
lesse
Asia
conteineth
many
Provinces
and
Lands
,
〈◊〉
the
North
side
Bythinia
butting
upon
the
sea
against
Thracia
,
and
is
called
Phrygia
the
greater
.
The
chiefe
City
of
Bythinia
is
Nicomedia
.
Galathia
takes
name
of
the
〈◊〉
that
assisted
the
King
of
Bythinia
in
his
wars
,
and
therefore
had
that
Province
given
them
to
inhabit
.
It
was
first
called
Gallograecia
,
as
being
people
mixt
of
the
Gals
and
Grecians
,
but
now
they
be
called
Galathians
,
and
these
are
they
to
whom
Saint
Paul
writ
his
Epistles
,
Ad
Galatas
.
The
third
part
of
Asia
minor
is
called
Phrygia
,
and
took
name
of
Phrygia
daughter
to
Europa
,
the
daughter
of
Ae●●nor
:
that
Phygia
was
likewise
called
Dardania
of
Dardanus
the
son
of
Iupiter
;
It
hath
on
the
East
side
Lydia
,
and
on
the
West
the
sea
H●lle●pon●us
,
so
called
of
Helles
the
sister
of
Phrixus
,
who
was
●●ere
drowned
.
Lydia
is
on
the
East
side
of
East
Phrygia
,
there
sometimes
reigned
the
rien
King
Croesus
.
There
were
two
brethren
Kings
of
that
Country
,
the
one
call'd
Liddus
,
the
other
Tyrrhenus
:
but
the
land
being
too
little
for
both
,
they
cast
lots
which
should
abide
there
,
and
which
should
seek
abroad
to
plant
a
Colony
else-where
;
which
lot
●ell
to
the
younger
,
Tyrrhenus
:
He
toucht
upon
a
land
then
called
Gallia
,
which
after
he
caused
to
be
named
Tyrrhia
,
of
him
also
the
sea
Tyrrhenus
took
denomination
,
as
the
Land
of
Lydia
of
his
brother
Lyddus
.
Of
Lydia
,
the
chiefe
City
in
Smyrna
,
to
which
City
St.
Iohn
the
Evangelist
writeth
in
his
Apocal.
The
chiefe
river
of
that
Country
is
P●ctolus
,
which
as
the
Poets
Fable
,
hath
golden
lands
.
The
fifth
part
of
Asia
minor
is
called
〈◊〉
,
and
〈◊〉
,
the
chiefe
City
is
Seleucia
,
built
by
〈…〉
Antiochus
;
〈◊〉
to
that
is
Cilicia
,
and
〈◊〉
Lycia
,
which
is
called
likewise
Licaonia
,
in
which
are
the
two
noble
Cities
,
Lystris
and
Derbe
,
spoken
of
in
Actib
.
Apostol
.
By
these
Cities
they
saile
out
of
Syria
into
Italy
:
but
the
chief
of
all
these
Cities
is
Tharsis
,
downwards
towards
the
Amazonian
sea
,
and
that
land
is
part
in
Asia
,
and
part
scituate
in
Europe
.
Now
touching
the
originall
of
the
Amazons
,
and
why
they
were
first
so
called
,
divers
authors
have
diversly
writ
.
Palaephatus
in
his
fabulous
narrations
,
Trogus
Pompeius
,
from
whom
Iustine
extracts
his
history
,
thus
speaks
of
their
originall
.
Scythia
towards
the
East
,
is
of
one
side
embraced
by
the
sea
,
on
the
other
part
hemm'd
in
by
the
Ryphaean
mountains
,
the
longitude
and
latitude
thereof
lies
open
to
Asia
and
the
river
Tan●is
:
These
Scythians
have
no
portions
of
land
amongst
them
,
We
wonder
that
the
Captain
of
so
rich
a
people
,
will
wage
warre
against
us
that
are
known
so
poor
,
considering
the
successe
of
war
is
doubtfull
;
and
howsoever
the
event
prove
,
the
reward
of
the
victory
is
nothing
,
but
the
damage
arising
from
the
sight
,
manifest
.
Their
answer
went
before
,
which
their
resolution
as
sudde●ly
and
swiftly
pursued
after
,
for
their
army
and
their
answer
almost
arrived
together
,
whose
celerity
in
match
,
and
resolution
in
purpose
,
when
Vexores
understood
,
he
forsook
his
tents
and
all
provision
for
war
,
and
betook
himselfe
to
a
base
and
dishonourable
flight
.
Vrimammae
,
i.
those
with
one
breast
,
or
with
a
burnt
breast
.
There
were
of
them
two
Queens
that
jointly
held
the
sove●●ignty
,
Marthesia
and
Lampedo
;
these
divided
their
people
into
two
armies
,
and
being
grown
potent
both
in
power
and
riches
,
they
went
to
warre
by
turns
,
the
one
governing
at
home
whilest
the
other
forraged
abroad
;
and
lest
their
should
want
honour
and
authority
to
their
successes
,
they
proclaimed
themselves
to
be
derived
from
Mars
:
insomuch
,
that
having
subdued
the
greatest
part
of
Europe
,
they
made
incursions
into
Asia
,
and
there
subdued
many
fortresses
and
Castles
,
where
having
built
Ephesus
with
many
other
Cities
,
part
of
their
army
they
sent
home
with
rich
and
golden
spoiles
,
the
rest
that
remaine
to
maintein
the
Empire
of
Asia
,
were
all
with
the
Queen
Marthesia
or
as
some
write
,
Marpesi●
)
defeated
and
sl●●n
.
In
whose
place
of
soveraignty
her
daughter
Oryth●●
succeeded
,
Orythia
▪
Orythians
was
then
emploied
in
forrein
expeditions
.
Now
when
Hercules
with
the
young
Hero's
landed
upon
the
Amazonian
continent
,
Queen
Antiope
,
not
jealous
of
the
least
hostility
,
stood
then
with
many
of
her
Ladies
unarmed
on
the
shore
,
who
being
suddenly
assaulted
by
the
Graecians
,
were
easily
put
to
rout
,
and
they
obteined
an
easie
victory
;
in
this
conflict
many
were
slain
,
and
divers
taken
,
amongst
whom
were
the
two
sisters
of
Antiope
,
Vid●
Hippolite
ferox
pectore
è
medio
rapi
Spo●●um
&
sagittas
.
The
bold
Hippolite
did
see
that
day
Her
breast
despoil'd
and
her
shafts
tane
away
.
Of
Menalippe
,
Virgil
thus
:
Threicean
s●xto
spoliavit
Amazona
Baltheo
.
Having
relation
to
the
golden
belt
of
Thermedon
,
which
was
numberd
the
sixt
of
Hercules
his
twelve
labours
,
He
received
that
honour
,
and
she
her
liberty
.
Orythia
being
then
abroad
and
hearing
of
these
outrages
and
dishonours
done
at
home
,
that
war
had
been
commenced
against
her
sister
,
and
Theseus
Prince
of
Athens
born
thence
Hippolite
,
whom
she
held
to
be
no
better
then
a
ravisher
;
impatient
of
these
injuries
,
she
convented
all
her
forces
,
and
incited
them
to
revenge
,
inferring
,
that
in
vain
they
bore
Empire
in
Europe
and
Asia
,
if
their
dominions
lay
open
to
the
spoils
and
rapines
of
the
Grecians
.
Having
encouraged
and
perswaded
her
own
people
to
this
expedition
,
she
next
demanded
aid
of
Sagillus
King
of
the
Scythians
,
to
him
acknowledging
her selfe
to
be
descended
from
that
nation
,
shewes
the
necessity
of
that
war
,
and
the
honour
of
so
brave
a
victory
:
hoping
that
for
the
glory
of
the
Scythian
Nation
,
his
men
would
not
come
behind
her
women
in
so
just
an
enterprize
,
the
successe
of
which
was
undoubtedly
spoile
for
the
present
,
and
fame
for
her
.
Sagillus
with
these
motives
encouraged
,
sent
his
son
Penaxagoras
with
a
great
army
of
horsemen
to
aid
Orythea
in
this
war
;
but
by
reason
of
a
dissention
that
fell
in
the
camp
,
the
Prince
of
Scythia
withdrew
all
his
auxiliary
f●●ces
,
and
with
them
retired
into
his
Country
,
by
reason
of
which
defect
the
Amazons
were
defeated
by
the
Grecians
,
yet
many
of
them
after
this
battell
recovered
their
Countries
.
Prima
securigeras
inter
virtute
puellas
.
And
Virgil
in
his
first
book
of
Aeneid
.
Ducit
Amazo●●dum
lunatis
Agmina
peltis
Penth●silaea
●urens
m●●iisque
in
millibus
ardet
,
Penthisilaea
mad
,
leads
forth
Her
Amazonian
train
,
Arm'd
with
their
moon●d
shields
,
and
fights
M●dst
thousands
on
the
plain
.
These
Amazons
endured
till
the
time
of
Alexander
;
and
though
Isiodorus
.
Eph.
14.
saith
,
that
Alexander
the
Great
quite
subverted
their
Nation
,
yet
Trogus
,
Justine
,
Q.
Curtius
,
and
others
,
are
of
a
contrary
opinion
,
and
affirm
,
that
when
Alexander
sent
his
Embassadors
to
demand
of
them
tribute
,
otherwise
his
purpose
was
to
i●vade
their
territories
:
their
Queen
Minithra
(
or
as
some
writers
term
her
,
It
is
great
wonder
of
thy
small
judgement
,
O
King
,
that
thou
hast
a
desire
to
●●age
war
against
women
;
if
thou
being
so
great
a
conquerour
shouldst
be
vanquished
by
us
,
all
thy
former
honours
were
blemished
,
and
thou
perpetually
branded
with
shame
and
infamy
;
but
if
our
gods
being
angry
with
〈◊〉
should
deliver
us
up
into
thy
mercy
,
what
addition
is
it
to
〈◊〉
honour
,
to
have
had
the
mastery
over
weak
women
?
King
Alexander
(
it
is
said
)
was
pleased
with
this
answer
,
g●anting
them
freedome
,
and
said
,
Women
ought
to
be
cou●ted
with
fair
wo●ds
and
flattery
,
and
not
with
rough
steel
and
hostility
.
After
this
she
sent
to
the
King
desiring
to
have
his
company
,
as
longing
to
have
issue
by
him
to
succeed
the
father
in
〈◊〉
and
vertue
,
to
which
he
assented
.
Some
write
,
she
staid
with
him
in
wondrous
familiarity
fourteen
daies
:
but
Trogus
in
his
second
book
saith
forty
daies
,
and
when
she
found
her selfe
with
child
by
him
,
took
her
leave
and
departed
into
her
own
Countrie
.
Virgil
amongst
these
Amazonians
,
Harpalice
,
Aeneid
.
lib.
1.
—
Vel
qualis
equos
Therissa
fatigat
Harpal
co
—
Such
as
the
Thracian
Harpalice
was
That
horses
tired
—
Valerius
Flaccus
lib.
6.
speaks
of
one
Harpe
.
These
Amazons
were
by
the
Scythians
called
Aeorpata
,
which
is
as
much
as
Viricidae
,
or
man
killers
.
For
Aeor
signifies
Vir
,
a
man
,
and
Pata
,
Occidere
,
to
kill
.
Their
habits
and
manners
Curtius
thus
describes
,
lib.
5.
degestis
Alexandri
.
Their
garments
cover
not
their
bodies
round
;
their
right
side
is
still
bare
towards
their
breast
;
their
upper
robe
which
is
buckled
or
buttoned
above
,
descends
no
lower
then
the
●●ee
;
one
of
their
brests
they
reserve
safe
and
untouched
,
with
which
they
give
suck
to
their
infants
;
the
right
breast
they
burn
off
,
that
with
the
more
facility
they
may
draw
a
Bow
,
thrill
a
Dart
,
or
charge
a
Lance.
Stephanus
Byzantius
writes
▪
that
they
are
called
by
the
Greeks
Sauropa●idae
,
because
they
are
●aid
to
feed
upon
Lysards
,
which
in
their
language
they
call
Saurae
Herodotus
writes
of
them
many
thing
needlesse
here
to
insert
,
only
one
is
worth
the
observation
.
To
encourage
their
valour
,
and
that
there
should
be
no
coward
amongst
them
,
Iph●nome
,
Xanthe
,
Hypotho●
,
Orthrepts
,
or
〈…〉
mache
,
Glauce
,
Agave
,
Theseis
,
Climene
,
and
Polidora
.
Calaber
beside
these
reckons
up
twelve
,
but
by
divers
and
doubtfull
names
.
Of
the
name
of
these
Amazons
,
Ovid
writes
in
the
latter
end
of
his
second
book
,
de
Arte
amandi
,
having
writ
his
two
first
books
,
wherein
he
hath
ingeniously
proposed
all
the
waies
,
plots
and
stratagems
by
which
men
may
captivate
women
to
their
wishes
,
and
attract
them
to
their
desires
,
as
if
he
had
done
his
work
as
worthily
as
wittingly
(
which
indeed
he
hath
)
he
thus
insultingly
concludes
.
Me
vatem
celebrate
viri
,
mihi
dicite
laudes
,
Cantetur
toto
nomen
in
orbe
meum
,
&c.
Call
me
your
Poet
,
crown
my
head
with
baies
,
And
let
the
whole
world
descant
on
my
praise
.
I
gave
you
arms
,
god
Vulcan
gave
no
more
To
Thetis
sonne
:
conquer
as
he
(
before
)
And
h●
ther
shall
his
Amazon
subdue
,
Strook
with
the
darts
he
from
my
quiver
drew
,
Vpon
his
warlike
spoiles
thus
let
him
write
,
"
Naso
my
Master
taught
me
first
to
fight
.
Behold
young
Wenches
likewise
trace
my
skill
,
They
are
the
next
charge
of
my
labouring
quill
.
In
his
third
book
as
having
prepared
and
armed
men
against
unarmed
women
,
he
proposeth
to
them
the
like
precepts
and
instruction
,
with
all
the
defensible
weapons
needfull
against
the
ambushes
and
inticements
of
men
,
and
thus
begins
:
Arma
dedi
Danais
,
in
Amazonas
arma
supersunt
Quae
tibi
dem
&
turbae
Penthisilaea
tuae
.
The
Greeks
I
have
given
arms
to
,
who
now
stand
Ready
to
encounter
the
Amazonian
band
.
Others
within
mine
armory
remain
For
thee
Penthisilaea
and
thy
●raine
:
Go
equally
accoutred
to
the
war
,
And
let
such
conquer
as
most
savoured
are
Of
Carine
,
[
*
](A43596-e85440-b)
*
Venus
.
Dione
,
and
the
[
*
](A43596-e85460-b)
*
Cupid
.
Boy
that
flies
Round
'bout
the
world
,
still
hudwinckt
of
his
eies
,
It
were
no
justice
to
arm
men
in
steel
'Gainst
naked
women
,
bare
from
head
to
heel
,
Oh
too
much
odds
there
were
in
combat
then
,
And
so
to
conquer
a
great
shame
for
men
.
And
so
much
of
the
Amazons
,
I
now
proceed
to
other
Magnanimous
and
brave
spirited
virgins
.
Of
warlike
Women
,
and
those
of
Masculine
vertue
.
I
Know
not
better
how
to
expresse
the
boldnesse
of
women
,
then
by
shewing
you
the
fear
of
men
,
nor
can
I
more
plainly
illustrate
the
valour
of
one
sex
,
then
by
putting
you
in
mind
of
the
cowardise
of
the
other
.
It
is
well
observed
of
an
Italian
(
who
writes
himselfe
of
Lucca
)
concerning
the
passion
of
Feare
,
Peripharetes
.
S●bellicus
writes
,
that
Cassander
so
feared
Alexander
that
long
time
after
his
death
,
comming
to
Delphos
to
behold
the
good●y
statues
there
erected
,
at
the
very
sight
of
his
old
maste●s
e●●igies
,
he
fell
into
such
a
timorous
fe●ver
,
that
his
very
〈◊〉
danced
in
his
skin
,
and
long
time
it
was
●re
they
could
constantly
settle
themselves
in
them
own
places
.
This
was
that
Cassander
who
had
caused
Olympias
the
mother
of
Alexander
to
be
so
cruelly
butchered
.
It
is
〈◊〉
of
St
Valle●●
Duke
of
Valentinois
in
France
,
that
being
condemned
to
death
for
not
disclosing
the
treasons
of
the
Duke
of
Burbon
,
just
at
the
instant
when
the
executioner
should
have
strook
off
his
head
,
the
King
sent
him
his
gracious
pardon
,
but
all
in
vain
,
the
fear
of
the
blow
before
it
came
,
had
dispatched
him
of
life
.
Hereof
hath
grown
a
proverb
,
to
any
man
that
hath
a
strong
apprehension
of
feare
,
they
will
say
he
hath
La
fieure
de
Saint
Vallier
,
i.
the
feaver
of
Saint
Vallier
Another
thing
is
recorded
,
of
a
fellow
that
was
so
affraid
of
the
name
of
Hercules
,
that
he
hid
himselfe
in
caves
and
rocks
,
though
he
knew
not
of
any
quarrell
betwixt
them
,
at
length
stealing
from
the
obscure
cavern
where
he
had
denned
himselfe
,
to
see
if
the
coast
were
clear
,
casting
his
eie
by
chance
on
the
one
side
,
and
espying
Hercules
who
came
that
way
by
chance
,
his
life
blood
sinking
into
his
heels
,
she
shook
them
a
little
and
died
in
that
feaver
,
I
could
recite
terrors
and
vain
fears
which
have
arisen
from
nothing
,
that
have
terried
whole
Cities
of
Grecians
,
armies
of
Romans
,
and
multitudes
of
other
nations
,
but
these
particulars
shall
suffice
,
for
my
purpose
is
not
too
farre
to
esteminate
men
,
nor
too
much
to
embolden
women
:
since
the
most
valiant
man
that
is
,
is
timorous
enough
,
and
the
modestest
woman
that
is
,
may
be
made
sufficiently
bold
.
But
to
the
purpose
in
hand
:
Propertius
lib.
2.
writes
of
the
Queen
Penthisilaea
:
Ausa
ferox
ab
equo
quondam
oppugnare
sagittis
,
&c.
Penthisilaea
from
her
steed
,
When
her
high
courage
rose
,
Durst
with
her
sha●●s
and
warlike
darts
,
The
Darnish
fleet
oppose
:
No
sooner
was
her
beaver
up
,
And
golden
caske
laid
by
:
But
whom
by
force
she
could
not
take
,
She
captiv'd
with
her
eie
.
Camilla
and
others
.
THis
Camilla
was
Queen
of
the
Volscians
,
who
even
in
her
cra●le
gave
manifest
tokens
of
her
future
vertue
and
valour
,
for
in
her
infancy
she
was
neither
swathed
in
soft
cloathing
,
nor
wrapt
in
silken
mantle
,
not
attended
by
a
tender
nurse
,
nor
●ed
with
curious
dainties
or
●arre
fetcht
delicates
,
Hos
super
〈◊〉
,
volsca
de
gente
Camilla
,
Agmea
〈◊〉
equ●um
&
florentes
aere
catervas
,
To
their
supply
Camilla
came
,
The
gallant
Volscian
Lasse
,
Who
bravely
did
command
the
horse
With
troops
that
shin'd
in
brasse
.
Of
the
like
condition
was
Maria
Puteolana
,
Franciis
Pitrarch
:
she
is
described
to
be
most
patient
of
labour
,
and
untired
with
travell
,
moderate
in
diet
,
but
altogether
abstinent
from
wine
,
sparing
of
words
,
〈◊〉
boasting
,
but
alwaies
daring
:
The
needle
,
the
wheel
,
and
the
〈…〉
horse
,
armour
,
the
bow
,
the
〈◊〉
and
the
target
above
all
other
delights
she
embraced
;
she
used
to
walk
whole
nights
without
the
least
sleep
,
and
travell
whole
daies
together
without
rest
;
if
necessity
at
any
time
compelled
her
eies
to
wink
,
or
her
body
to
lie
down
,
the
earth
was
her
bed
,
and
her
shield
her
pillow
;
she
abandoned
the
society
of
women
,
her
continuall
conversation
was
with
Captains
and
Commanders
,
which
though
〈…〉
a
face
of
boldnesse
and
(
as
some
term
it
)
impudency
,
yet
his
apparant
to
all
men
in
what
a
soveraign
respect
she
held
her
chastity
and
honour
,
which
she
maintained
without
the
least
blemish
unspotted
to
the
end
;
from
〈◊〉
talk
and
discourse
that
tended
to
immodestly
,
she
refreined
,
all
affected
habit
〈◊〉
favoured
of
pride
,
or
might
be
imputed
to
lightnesse
,
she
detested
;
she
was
only
addicted
to
C●ivalry
,
to
be
accounted
valiant
and
vertuous
that
was
her
honourable
aim
,
and
such
her
memorable
●nd
Bona
was
a
Lady
of
Lomba●dy
,
B●unorius
Parmensis
,
a
worthy
and
rerenown●d
sould●er
,
her
vi●gin
youth
was
continually
exercised
in
hunting
and
the
chace
,
she
attended
her
husband
in
all
〈◊〉
expeditions
,
not
as
a
partner
of
his
pleasures
,
but
a
companion
in
his
dangers
,
she
kept
not
the
City
when
he
was
in
the
camp
,
nor
lodged
in
tent
when
he
lay
in
the
field
,
no●
crept
she
more
close
to
him
in
bed
,
then
she
stood
last
by
him
in
battell
;
after
many
great
services
performed
,
and
glorious
victories
atchieved
,
he
fell
into
the
displeasure
of
Alexander
King
of
Sicily
,
who
cast
him
into
prison
;
But
this
noble
Lady
Bona
,
good
both
in
name
and
conditions
,
never
l●ft
soliciting
the
Emperor
and
other
Christian
Princes
,
both
by
petitions
and
friends
,
till
she
had
purchased
him
a
safe
an
honourable
release
.
The
next
Virago
that
comes
in
place
,
Atalanta
,
Apollodorus
Atheniensis
,
lib.
3.
de
deorum
origine
,
thus
compiles
her
history
:
Of
Lycurgus
and
Cleophile
(
or
as
some
will
have
it
,
Eurinome
)
were
born
Ancaeus
,
Epochus
,
Amphidamus
and
Idaeus
;
of
Amphidamus
,
Melamian
a
son
,
and
Antimal●e
a
daughter
,
whom
Euristhaeus
married
:
of
Jasus
and
Clymene
the
daughter
of
Mimia
,
was
Atalanta
born
,
whose
father
desirous
of
masculine
issue
,
cast
her
out
to
a
desperate
fortune
,
whom
a
she-Beare
finding
,
fed
her
with
her
milk
,
till
certain
●untsmen
coursing
that
way
,
and
chancing
upon
so
sweet
and
beautifull
an
infant
,
took
her
home
,
and
saw
her
fairly
and
liberally
educated
.
She
being
grown
to
mature
age
,
notwithstanding
she
was
sollicited
by
many
suitors
,
took
upon
her
the
strict
vow
of
virginity
,
and
arming
her selfe
after
the
maner
of
Diana
,
solely
devoted
her selfe
to
hunting
and
the
chace
;
and
increasing
in
beauty
as
she
did
in
years
,
she
was
ambushed
by
two
Centaurs
,
Rhaecus
and
Hyllaeus
,
who
insidiating
her
virgin
chastity
,
she
with
two
shafts
transpierc'd
them
and
left
them
dead
in
the
place
.
The
next
heroick
action
which
made
her
famous
,
she
came
with
all
the
noble
youths
of
Greece
to
the
hunting
of
the
Calidonian
Boar
,
and
was
the
first
that
drew
blood
of
the
beast
in
the
presence
of
Meleager
,
Prince
of
Aetolia
,
and
all
the
other
brave
Heroes
,
of
whom
Putanus
lib.
3.
de
Stellis
,
thus
speaks
:
Qualis
in
Aetolum
campis
Meleagria
virgo
,
Stravit
aprum
,
&c.
As
did
the
Meleagrian
girle
,
Who
in
the
Aetolian
plain
,
Laid
flat
the
foaming
Boare
,
and
was
The
formost
of
the
train
That
gave
him
bold
encounter
,
and
As
ignorant
of
feare
,
Noct
her
sharp
arrow
,
and
the
string
Pluckt
close
up
to
her
care
:
The
first
that
day
in
field
that
blood
From
the
stern
monster
drew
:
Bearing
the
honour
,
spoile
and
palme
.
From
all
that
Princely
crew
.
Of
the
love
of
Meleager
to
her
,
and
of
his
death
,
I
either
have
,
or
shall
find
occasion
to
speak
elsewhere
.
Her
next
a●chievement
by
which
she
purchased
her selfe
honour
,
was
her
contention
in
the
sports
of
Peleus
.
It
shall
not
be
amisse
to
tell
●ou
what
these
sports
and
pastimes
were
;
They
were
the
twelve
in
number
that
were
celebrated
amongst
the
Greeks
,
Acastus
the
son
of
Peleus
instituted
them
in
honour
of
his
father
.
Z●thas
the
son
of
Aquilo
overcame
in
that
which
was
called
Doli●hodromus
,
which
signifies
a
race
of
twelve
furlongs
.
Calais
his
brother
had
the
best
in
the
Diantus
,
which
was
a
race
of
two
furlongs
.
Castor
the
son
of
Jupiter
was
victor
in
the
Stadium
,
which
was
a
place
of
running
or
exercise
,
as
well
for
men
as
horse
;
the
word
signifies
a
furlong
or
a
measure
of
ground
;
there
be
of
them
three
sorts
,
Stadia
,
●liny
and
Diodorus
differ
:
in
the
description
of
Sicily
,
eight
of
these
furlongs
make
an
Italian
mile
,
conteining
1000
paces
,
and
every
pace
five
feet
.
Pollu●
carried
away
the
prize
called
Cestus
,
which
signifies
a
married
belt
or
girdle
,
which
the
husband
used
to
tie
about
the
wast
of
his
bride
,
and
unloose
the
first
night
of
their
wedding
.
Telamon
the
son
of
Ajax
,
had
the
praise
in
Disco
,
or
casting
the
bullet
or
the
stone
.
Peleus
in
wrestling
.
Me●●ager
the
son
of
Oereus
in
casting
of
the
dart
.
Cignus
the
son
of
Mars
,
slew
Pilus
the
son
of
D●odatus
.
Bellerophon
was
the
most
eminent
for
riding
the
horse
.
And
Iolaus
the
son
of
Iphicles
,
for
managing
the
Chariot
.
Hercules
overcame
in
many
things
,
but
Atalanta
in
all
.
No●
long
after
this
comming
,
to
the
knowledge
of
her
parents
,
and
being
by
them
perswaded
to
marry
;
to
prevent
the
loathed
embraces
of
a
husband
,
trusting
to
her
own
incomparable
swiftnesse
,
she
devised
a
race
,
in
which
she
proposed
her selfe
the
prize
of
the
victor
,
but
the
vanquished
were
mulcted
with
the
loss
of
their
heads
:
after
the
slaughter
of
many
Princes
,
Melanion
(
before
spoken
of
)
inflamed
with
her
love
,
received
of
Venus
three
golden
apples
,
which
he
let
fall
one
after
another
in
the
swiftnesse
of
their
course
,
she
by
stooping
to
take
them
up
,
slackned
her
speed
,
and
by
losing
the
race
became
his
prize
and
bride
.
Some
write
that
they
ran
in
Chariots
and
armed
,
trusting
to
the
swiftnesse
of
their
steeds
,
not
the
velocity
of
their
own
feet
.
The
manner
of
their
running
is
elegantly
described
in
Ovid
,
of
which
I
will
give
you
present
expression
.
Hesiod
,
Naso
,
and
others
,
will
not
allow
Atalanta
to
be
the
daughter
of
Jasus
,
but
Schoeneus
;
Euripides
derives
her
from
Menelaus
,
making
her
the
bride
of
Hyppomanes
the
son
of
Megaraeus
,
grand-child
of
Neptune
,
not
of
Melamion
.
The
manner
of
their
course
is
thus
set
down
,
Metamorph
.
lib.
10.
Signa
tubae
dederunt
,
&c.
The
signall
given
,
It
is
said
by
Palephatus
,
Apollodorus
,
Ovid
,
and
others
,
That
for
their
ingratitude
to
Venus
,
he
was
turned
into
a
Lion
,
and
she
into
a
Lionesse
.
The
probability
is
,
that
being
in
the
chase
they
retired
themselves
into
a
cave
which
proved
to
be
a
den
of
Lions
,
were
they
were
torn
to
pieces
and
devoured
.
They
being
mist
by
the
people
,
who
after
saw
two
Lions
issue
from
that
place
,
the
rumour
grew
that
they
were
transform'd
into
beasts
of
that
shape
.
This
Atlanta
had
by
Metamion
or
Hyppomanes
,
or
as
some
write
by
Mars
,
Parthenopaeus
,
who
after
made
war
upon
the
Thebans
.
Of
other
warl●ke
Ladies
.
ABout
Meroe
reigned
the
Queen
Candaces
,
a
Queen
of
the
Bohemians
,
that
having
made
a
conjuration
with
the
women
of
her
Country
,
to
take
away
all
the
prerogative
and
jurisdiction
from
the
men
,
she
instructing
them
in
Military
exercises
,
levied
an
army
of
her
own
Sex
,
with
which
they
met
their
husbands
and
overthrew
them
,
by
which
means
they
atteined
the
soveraign
principality
(
as
the
Amazons
had
before
times
done
)
for
many
years
space
managed
all
affairs
as
well
for
offence
as
defence
,
without
the
help
or
counsell
of
men
.
The
women
of
Bellovaca
being
long
and
fearfully
besieged
by
Charls
the
Great
,
Sylvius
lib.
1.
thus
speaks
:
Haec
ignara
viri
,
vacuoque
,
assueta
cubili
Venatu
,
&
silvis
,
primos
defenderat
annos
,
&c.
She
knew
not
man
but
in
a
single
bed
Vpon
an
empty
pillow
cast
her
head
,
Her
youth
she
spent
in
hunting
,
to
th'
alarm
Of
the
shrill
bugle
:
on
her
sinowie
arm
She
ware
no
O●●er
basket
,
would
not
know
Or
teach
the
fingers
how
to
spin
or
sow
:
To
trace
Dictinna
she
did
most
desire
,
And
in
swift
course
the
long
breath'd
stag
to
tire
,
&c.
The
same
author
,
lib
2.
speaks
of
one
Tiburna
Saguntina
,
the
wife
of
one
Mu●●us
,
Qualis
&
Aethiopum
quondam
sitientibus
arvi●
In
fulvum
regina
gregem
,
&c.
—
As
did
the
Aethiopian
Queen
In
the
dry
fields
of
old
,
Incounter
with
the
yellow
heards
whose
rough
hairs
shin'd
likegold
,
Opposing
the
stern
Lions
paw
Alone
and
without
aid
:
To
see
a
whom
wrestle
,
men
aloof
stood
quaking
and
afraid
,
Such
●●ween
two
warlike
hosts
appears
this
Amazonian
Queen
,
Zenobia
,
with
her
strong
bow
arm'd
And
furnish'd
with
shafts
keen
.
Hypsicrataea
the
wife
of
Mithridates
was
still
present
with
him
in
battell
,
and
left
him
in
no
danger
,
Justine
lib.
2.
saith
,
There
was
to
be
seen
in
Xerxes
,
womanish
feare
;
in
Artimesia
,
manly
audacity
:
for
she
demeaned
her selfe
in
that
battell
to
the
admiration
of
all
men
;
of
whose
ships
the
King
taking
especiall
notice
,
but
not
knowing
to
whom
they
belonged
,
nor
in
whose
management
they
then
were
;
one
spake
to
the
King
and
said
,
Great
Lord
,
behold
you
not
how
bravely
the
Queen
Artimesia
bears
her selfe
this
day
?
the
King
would
not
at
first
beleeve
that
such
resolution
could
be
in
that
Sex
:
〈…〉
when
(
notwithstanding
her
brave
service
)
he
perceiv'd
〈…〉
and
put
to
flight
,
he
sighing
thus
said
,
All
my
men
this
day
have
shewed
themselves
women
,
and
there
is
but
one
woman
amongst
them
,
and
she
onely
hath
shewed
her selfe
a
man
Many
of
the
most
illustrious
persons
died
that
day
,
as
also
of
the
Meads
,
amongst
whom
was
the
great
Captain
Aria
Begnes
,
the
sonne
of
Darius
,
Xerxes
.
Cleopatra
Queen
of
Aegypt
,
the
daughter
of
Dionysius
Auleies
,
after
the
death
of
Julius
Caesar
,
having
taken
Antonius
in
the
bewitching
〈◊〉
of
her
beauty
,
she
was
not
contented
with
the
Kingdomes
of
Aegypt
,
Syria
and
Arabia
,
but
she
was
ambi●ious
to
sovereignize
over
the
Roman
Empire
;
in
which
though
she
failed
,
it
shewed
as
invincible
a
spirit
in
〈◊〉
as
she
exprest
an
unmatched
〈◊〉
the
〈◊〉
of
her
voluntary
death
.
〈◊〉
the
Persian
invading
the
Messagers
and
Scythians
,
Of
humane
blood
in
thy
life
thou
wert
insatiate
,
and
now
in
thy
death
thou
maist
drink
thy
fill
.
The
fashions
of
the
Messagets
are
after
this
manner
described
by
Her●dotus
:
Xantippe
and
Mirho
.
HIeronymo
writ
a
book
against
Iovinian
,
in
which
he
copiously
discourses
of
the
praise
of
Virginity
,
reckoning
a
Catalogue
of
divers
famous
and
renowned
in
that
kind
amongst
sundry
Nations
,
Nay
I
thought
verily
in
my
mind
,
and
could
easily
judge
by
the
weather
,
that
after
so
great
a
thunder
,
we
must
necessarily
have
rain
.
Aulus
Gellius
writes
,
that
Alcibiades
demanding
why
he
would
keep
two
such
scolding
queans
in
his
house
,
and
at
once
,
who
never
ceased
brawling
,
when
either
of
them
both
were
sufficient
to
put
any
man
of
the
gentlest
temperance
,
quite
beyond
his
patience
?
he
thus
answered
him
:
These
women
(
O
Alcibiades
)
teach
me
at
home
that
sufferance
which
I
ought
to
practise
when
I
am
abroad
,
for
being
(
as
you
see
I
am
)
well
exercised
and
broken
with
the
factions
of
these
two
,
I
shall
be
the
more
gentle
to
deal
withall
in
the
socety
of
other
men
:
and
so
much
for
Zantippe
and
Socrates
.
But
since
I
am
falne
into
a
discourse
of
Shrowes
,
let
it
nor
seem
much
impertinent
to
insert
what
mine
own
opinion
was
,
when
a
Gentleman
demanded
of
me
the
difference
between
a
shrow
and
a
sheep
.
I
considering
with
my selfe
that
there
were
so
many
of
the
one
party
,
and
so
few
of
the
other
,
thought
it
the
most
generous
to
take
the
weaker
side
:
and
therefore
because
some
speak
too
much
for
themselves
,
and
the
modesty
of
the
others
will
not
give
them
boldnesse
to
say
what
is
sufficient
,
I
thus
determined
in
their
behalfe
.
What
's
he
can
teach
me
by
their
seeming
show
,
Whether's
the
best
to
chuse
,
I
will
now
trouble
my
patience
gentle
Reader
,
Another
woman
having
a
husband
,
who
customably
〈…〉
home
,
and
shrinking
from
his
stool
or
chair
would
〈◊〉
fall
upon
the
floor
,
and
there
lie
along
:
and
stil
when
she
called
him
to
bed
,
he
would
answer
her
,
Let
me
alone
,
the
tenement
is
mine
own
,
and
I
may
lie
where
I
list
,
so
long
as
I
pay
rent
for
the
house
.
Some
few
nights
after
comming
home
in
the
like
tune
,
and
sitting
asleep
in
a
chair
before
the
chimnie
,
his
wife
being
gone
to
bed
,
presently
the
man
fals
into
the
fire
:
the
maid
cries
out
to
her
Mistresse
,
O
mistresse
,
my
Master
is
falne
and
lies
in
the
fire
,
even
in
the
midst
of
all
the
fi●e
;
she
lay
still
and
turning
her
on
the
other
side
,
said
,
so
long
as
he
paies
rent
for
the
house
,
he
may
lie
where
he
please
.
But
to
more
serious
businesse
,
for
I
have
done
sporting
.
Of
English
Viragoes
.
And
of
Joan
de
Pucil
.
OF
Guendoline
the
wife
of
King
Locrine
,
[
*
](A43596-e89530-b)
*
Toten
Hall
Toten
Hall
in
Stafforshire
,
he
gave
them
a
mighty
overthrow
,
but
a
greater
at
Wooddensfield
where
were
slain
two
Kings
,
two
Earls
,
and
of
the
souldiers
many
thousands
which
were
of
the
Danes
of
Nothumberland
.
In
this
battel
were
the
King
and
Elphleda
both
present
.
Soon
after
this
victory
Etheldredus
died
,
and
she
governed
many
years
after
him
in
all
Mercia
or
middle
England
,
except
the
two
Cities
of
London
and
Oxford
,
which
the
King
her
brother
reserved
to
himselfe
.
She
builded
many
Cities
and
Towns
,
and
repaired
others
,
as
Thatarn
,
Brimsbury
,
the
B●idge
upon
S●vern
,
Tamworth
,
Liechfield
,
Stafford
,
Warwick
,
Shrewsbury
,
Watrisbury
,
Edisbury
in
the
Forrest
besides
Chester
,
which
is
since
utterly
defaeced
and
destroied
.
Also
she
built
a
Cily
and
a
Castle
in
the
North
part
of
Mercia
,
which
then
was
called
Runcofan
,
and
after
Runcorn
.
Thus
far
Ranulphus
William
de
regib
.
with
others
give
her
this
noble
Character
,
This
Lady
having
once
assaid
the
throwes
of
childbirth
,
would
never
after
be
drawn
to
have
any
carnall
society
with
her
husband
,
alledging
that
it
was
not
sitting
or
seemly
for
a
woman
of
her
degree
being
a
Princesse
,
a
Kings
daughter
,
and
a
Kings
sister
,
to
〈◊〉
selfe
to
such
wanton
embraces
,
whereof
should
〈◊〉
so
great
pain
and
sorrow
.
She
tamed
the
Welchmen
,
and
in
many
conflict
,
chased
the
Danes
:
after
whose
death
the
King
took
the
province
of
Mercia
intirely
into
his
own
hand
,
Henricus
lib.
5.
hath
left
this
Epitaph
as
a
memoriall
over
her
Tomb
:
Oh
Elphlede
mighty
both
in
strength
and
mind
,
The
dread
of
men
,
and
victoresse
of
thy
kind
.
Nature
hath
done
as
much
as
nature
can
,
To
make
thee
maid
,
but
goodnesse
makes
the
man
:
Yet
pity
thou
shouldst
change
ought
save
thy
name
,
Thou
art
so
good
a
woman
:
and
thy
same
In
that
growes
greater
,
and
more
worthy
,
when
Thy
seminine
valour
much
out
shineth
men
.
G●eat
Caesars
acts
thy
noble
deeds
excell
,
So
sleep
in
peace
,
Virago
maid
farewell
.
Muc●
to
this
purpose
hath
Trevisa
expressed
these
verses
in
old
English
.
Maud
the
daughter
of
Henry
the
fourth
Emperour
of
that
name
,
after
the
death
of
her
husband
she
bore
the
title
of
Maud
the
Empresse
:
S
Edward
,
and
not
those
strict
and
severe
Statutes
and
Ordinances
devised
and
established
by
King
Henry
her
father
;
neither
to
this
would
the
bold
spirited
Lady
agree
.
For
which
the
people
began
to
withdraw
their
affections
from
her
,
and
purposed
to
have
surprized
her
,
of
which
she
having
notice
,
left
all
her
houshold
provision
and
furniture
,
and
secretly
conveied
her selfe
to
Oxford
,
where
she
attended
her
forces
,
who
were
by
this
time
dispersed
and
divided
But
taking
with
her
her
Uncle
David
King
of
the
Scots
,
she
came
before
Winchester
,
laying
a
strong
siege
to
the
Bishops
Tower
,
which
was
defended
by
the
brother
of
King
Stephen
.
William
Iperus
,
came
with
such
a
thundring
terror
to
raise
the
siege
,
that
the
hardy
Empresse
(
to
give
way
to
her
pre●ent
●ury
)
was
from
strength
forced
to
s●e
to
stratagem
:
for
finding
her
powers
too
weak
to
withstand
the
incensed
Queen
,
she
counterfeited
her selfe
dead
,
and
as
a
Corse
caused
her
body
to
be
conveied
to
the
City
of
Glocester
,
and
by
this
means
escaped
.
But
Robert
her
brother
was
there
taken
prisoner
,
and
committed
to
safe
custody
.
Then
the
Queen
emploied
her selfe
on
the
one
part
for
the
release
of
her
husband
,
and
the
Empresse
on
the
other
,
for
the
enfranchisement
of
her
brother
:
at
length
after
long
debating
of
the
businesse
,
it
was
determined
by
the
mediators
on
both
sides
,
that
Stephen
should
be
restored
to
the
Kingdome
,
and
Duke
Robert
to
his
Lordship
and
Earldome
;
and
both
as
they
had
disturbed
the
peace
of
the
Land
,
so
now
to
establish
it
.
To
this
the
Earl
would
not
assent
:
so
that
all
that
year
there
was
nothing
but
spoile
,
man-slaughter
,
direptions
,
and
all
manner
of
violence
,
robbing
of
the
rich
,
and
oppressing
of
the
poor
.
The
King
upon
Holy-Rood
day
was
released
,
and
besieged
the
Empresse
in
the
City
of
Oxford
,
from
Michelmas
day
to
mid
winter
:
where
being
oppressed
with
famine
,
she
took
the
advantage
of
the
Frost
and
Snow
;
and
attiring
her selfe
all
in
white
,
escaped
over
the
Fens
,
and
came
to
the
Castle
of
Wallingford
.
And
so
much
shall
suffice
to
expresse
the
magnanimity
and
warlike
dispositions
of
two
noble
and
heroick
English
Ladies
.
A
French
Lady
comes
now
in
my
way
,
of
whom
I
wil
give
you
a
short
character
.
In
the
minority
of
Henry
the
sixt
,
when
France
(
which
was
once
in
his
entire
possession
)
was
there
governed
by
our
English
Regents
,
the
famous
Duke
of
Bedsord
,
and
others
;
Charls
the
Dolphin
,
stiled
after
by
the
name
of
Charls
the
seventh
(
being
a
Lord
without
land
,
yet
at
that
time
maintaining
what
hostility
he
was
able
)
whilst
the
English
forraged
through
France
at
their
will
,
and
commanded
in
all
places
at
their
own
pleasure
(
the
French
in
utter
despaire
of
shaking
oft
the
English
yoke
)
there
arose
in
those
desperate
times
,
one
Joane
Are
,
the
daughter
of
James
Are
and
his
wife
Isabel
,
born
in
D●mprin
.
This
James
was
by
profession
a
Shepherd
,
and
none
of
the
richest
.
Joane
(
whom
the
French
afterwards
called
Joane
de
Pucil
)
whilst
she
was
a
young
maid
and
kept
her
fathers
sheep
,
would
report
to
divers
,
That
our
blessed
Lady
,
S.
Agnes
and
S.
Katharine
,
had
appear'd
unto
her
,
and
told
her
,
that
by
her
means
,
France
should
regain
her
pristine
liberty
,
and
cast
off
the
yoke
of
English
servitude
.
This
comming
to
the
eare
of
one
Peter
Bradicourt
,
an
eminent
Captain
then
belonging
to
Charls
the
Dolphin
,
he
used
means
that
she
should
be
sent
to
have
conference
with
his
master
,
who
sojourned
then
in
Chynon
,
in
his
lowest
of
dejection
and
despair
of
hope
,
supply
or
comfort
.
In
her
journie
thither
,
she
came
to
a
Town
called
Faire-bois
,
where
taking
up
her
Inne
(
a
place
which
she
had
never
before
seen
)
she
desired
a
souldier
to
goe
to
a
secret
by-corner
,
where
was
a
heap
of
old
iron
,
and
from
thence
to
bring
her
a
sword
.
The
souldier
went
according
to
her
direction
,
and
searching
the
place
,
amidst
a
great
quantity
of
old
tongs
,
shovels
,
hand
irons
,
and
broken
horse
shooes
,
found
a
faire
bright
sword
with
five
Flower-Deluces
upon
either
side
engraven
:
This
sword
(
with
which
she
after
committed
many
slaughters
upon
the
English
)
she
girt
to
her
,
and
so
proceeded
to
Chynon
to
give
the
Dolphin
meeting
Being
there
arrived
,
Charls
concealed
himself
amongst
many
others
,
whilst
he
was
brought
into
a
faire
long
gallery
,
where
he
had
appointed
another
to
take
his
place
,
and
to
assume
his
person
:
she
looking
upon
him
gave
him
neither
respect
nor
reverence
,
but
sought
out
Charls
among
all
the
other
in
that
assembly
,
and
pickt
him
from
amongst
the
rest
;
to
whom
making
a
low
obeisance
she
told
him
,
that
to
him
only
was
her
businesse
.
The
Dolphin
at
this
was
amazed
,
the
rather
because
she
had
never
before
seen
him
,
and
was
somewhat
comforted
,
by
reason
that
she
shewed
chear
and
alacrity
in
her
countenance
:
they
had
together
long
and
private
conference
;
and
shortly
after
she
had
an
army
given
him
to
be
disposed
and
directed
by
her
.
She
then
bespake
her selfe
armor
,
Cap
a
Pe
,
bearing
a
white
Ensign
displaid
before
her
,
in
which
was
pourtraied
the
picture
of
the
Saviour
of
the
world
,
with
a
Flower-de-luce
in
his
hand
;
and
so
marched
to
O●leance
.
Her
first
exploit
was
fortunately
to
raise
the
siege
and
●elieve
the
Town
.
From
thence
she
passed
to
Reams
,
took
the
City
and
caused
the
Dolphin
there
to
proclaim
himselfe
King
,
and
take
upon
him
the
Crown
of
France
.
She
after
took
Jargueux
a
strong
Town
,
and
in
it
the
Earl
of
〈◊〉
with
many
other
brave
English
Gentlemen
.
She
●ought
the
great
battell
of
Pathay
with
good
successe
,
in
which
were
taken
prisoners
the
Lord
Talbot
(
the
scourge
and
terror
of
the
French
Nation
)
the
Lord
Scales
,
the
Lord
Hungerford
,
with
many
others
both
of
name
and
quality
:
she
took
in
Benveele
,
Mehun
,
Trois
,
and
divers
other
Towns
of
great
import
and
consequence
;
at
length
in
a
ca●●●ado
or
skirmish
,
she
was
taken
prisoner
by
Sir
John
of
Entenburch
a
Burgonian
Captain
,
and
sent
to
Roan
.
The
French
Chronicles
affirm
that
the
morning
before
she
was
surprized
,
she
took
the
Sacrament
,
and
comming
from
Church
told
to
divers
that
were
about
her
,
that
she
was
betraid
,
her
life
sold
,
and
should
shortly
after
be
delivered
up
unto
a
violent
death
,
For
Sir
John
gave
a
great
sum
of
monie
to
betray
her
.
The
English
comming
to
invest
themselves
before
Mondidier
,
Joan
was
advised
to
issue
out
by
Fla●y
,
and
skirmish
with
them
;
who
was
no
sooner
out
,
but
he
shut
the
gates
upon
her
:
being
taken
,
she
was
sent
to
Peter
Bishop
of
Bevoise
,
who
condemned
her
to
the
fire
for
a
forceres●e
,
which
judgement
was
accordingly
executed
upon
her
in
Roan
,
in
the
Market
place
.
Twenty
six
years
after
,
Charls
the
King
for
a
great
sum
of
monie
procured
an
annihilation
of
the
first
sentence
from
the
Pope
,
in
which
she
was
proclaimed
a
Vi●ago
inspired
with
divine
instinct
:
in
memory
of
whose
vertuous
life
and
unjust
death
,
he
caused
a
faire
crosse
to
be
erected
just
in
the
place
where
her
body
was
burned
.
I
return
again
to
the
English
.
The
flower
of
Normandy
,
she
was
married
to
E●hel●ed
King
of
England
.
By
〈◊〉
heroick
spirit
,
and
masculine
instigation
the
King
seat
to
all
parts
of
the
Kingdome
secret
and
strict
commissions
,
That
upon
a
day
and
hour
assigned
,
all
these
Danes
which
had
usurped
in
the
Land
,
and
used
great
cruelty
,
should
be
slaughtered
;
which
at
her
behest
and
the
Kings
command
was
accordingly
performed
,
which
though
it
after
proved
ominous
,
and
was
the
cause
of
much
misery
and
mischiefe
,
Of
faire
Women
.
IT
is
reported
of
a
King
,
that
for
many
yeers
had
no
issue
,
and
desirous
to
have
an
heire
of
his
own
blood
and
begetting
to
succeed
in
the
throne
,
upon
his
earnest
supplication
to
the
divine
powers
,
he
was
blessed
with
a
faire
son
,
both
of
beauty
and
hope
.
And
now
being
possessed
of
what
he
so
much
desired
,
his
second
care
was
to
see
him
so
educated
,
that
he
might
have
as
much
comfort
of
him
in
his
growth
,
as
hope
in
his
infancy
:
he
therefore
sent
abroad
to
find
out
the
most
cunning
Astrologians
to
calculate
his
nativity
,
that
if
the
stars
were
any
way
malevolent
to
him
at
his
birth
,
he
might
by
instruction
and
good
education
(
as
far
as
was
possible
)
prevent
any
disaster
that
the
Planets
had
before
threatned
.
A
meeting
to
that
purpose
being
appointed
,
and
the
Philosophers
and
learned
men
from
all
parts
assembled
:
after
much
consultation
it
was
concluded
amongst
them
,
That
if
the
infant
saw
Sunne
or
Moon
at
any
time
within
the
space
of
ten
years
,
he
should
most
assuredly
be
deprived
the
benefit
of
sight
all
his
life
time
after
.
With
this
their
definitive
conclusion
,
the
father
wondrously
perplexed
,
was
willing
father
to
use
any
fair
means
of
prevention
,
then
any
way
to
tempt
the
crosse
influence
of
the
stars
:
H●
therefore
caused
a
Cell
or
Cave
to
be
cut
out
of
a
deep
rock
,
and
conveying
thither
all
things
necessary
for
his
education
,
he
was
kept
there
in
the
charge
of
a
learned
tutor
,
who
well
instructed
him
in
the
Theory
of
all
those
Arts
which
best
suited
his
apprehension
.
The
time
of
ten
years
being
expired
,
and
the
fear
of
that
ominous
calculation
past
over
,
the
day
was
appointed
when
his
purpose
was
to
publish
his
son
to
the
world
,
and
to
shew
him
the
Sun
and
Moon
,
of
which
he
had
often
heard
,
and
till
then
never
saw
entire
:
and
to
present
unto
his
view
,
all
such
creatures
of
which
he
had
been
told
,
and
read
,
but
could
distinguish
none
of
them
but
by
hear-say
.
They
brought
before
him
a
Horse
,
a
Dog
,
a
Lion
,
with
many
other
beasts
of
severall
kinds
,
of
which
he
only
looked
,
but
seemed
in
them
to
take
small
pleasure
.
They
shewed
him
Silver
,
Gold
,
Plate
and
Jewels
;
in
these
likewise
be
appeared
to
take
small
delight
or
none
,
as
not
knowing
to
what
purpose
they
were
usefull
:
yet
with
a
kind
of
dull
discontent
,
he
demanded
their
names
,
and
so
p●st
them
over
.
At
length
the
King
commanded
certain
beautifull
virgins
,
gorgeously
attired
,
to
be
brought
into
his
presence
:
which
the
Prince
no
sooner
saw
,
but
as
recollecting
his
spirits
,
with
a
kind
of
alac●ity
and
change
of
chear
,
he
earnestly
demanded
,
What
kind
of
creatures
they
were
,
how
bred
,
how
named
,
and
to
what
use
created
?
To
whom
his
tutor
jeastingly
replied
,
These
be
called
Devils
,
of
which
I
have
oft
●old
you
,
and
they
are
the
great
tempters
of
mankind
.
Then
his
father
demanded
of
him
,
To
●hich
of
all
these
things
he
had
beheld
,
he
stood
affected
,
and
to
whose
society
he
was
most
enclined
?
who
presently
answered
;
O
Father
,
I
〈◊〉
to
be
attended
by
these
Devils
.
Such
is
the
atractive
〈…〉
which
women
cannot
fully
appropriate
to
themselves
,
since
it
is
eminent
in
all
other
creatures
.
Who
〈…〉
at
the
〈◊〉
of
the
Sunne
,
the
glory
of
the
〈…〉
the
splendor
of
the
Stars
?
the
brightnesse
of
the
morning
,
and
the
faire
shutting
in
of
the
evening
?
Come
to
the
flowers
and
plants
;
what
artificiall
colour
can
be
compared
to
the
leaves
of
the
Marigold
,
the
Purple
of
the
Violet
,
the
curious
mixture
of
the
Gilly
flower
,
or
the
whitenesse
of
the
Lilly
:
to
which
Solomon
in
all
his
glory
was
not
to
be
equalled
?
You
that
are
proud
of
your
haire
,
behold
the
feathers
of
the
●ay
,
or
Parret
,
with
the
admirable
variety
of
the
Feasant
and
Peacock
:
What
Rose
in
the
cheek
can
countervail
the
Rose
of
the
garden
?
or
what
azure
vein
in
the
temples
,
the
blew
flower
of
the
field
?
Come
to
outward
habit
,
or
ornament
;
what
woman
doth
better
become
the
richest
attire
(
though
fetch'd
from
the
furthest
parts
of
the
world
)
then
the
Panther
in
his
stains
,
and
the
Leopard
his
pleasing
and
delightfull
spots
?
Are
not
the
fishes
as
beautifull
in
their
silver
shining
scales
,
and
the
terrible
Dragon
as
glorious
in
his
golden
armour
,
as
women
apparelled
in
cloth
of
Bodkin
or
〈◊〉
?
What
is
she
that
exceeds
the
Dove
or
Swan
in
whitenesse
,
or
the
Pine
or
Cedar
in
streightnesse
?
Let
me
hear
her
voice
that
can
compare
with
the
Nightingall
in
sweetnesse
,
or
behold
that
eie
that
can
look
upon
the
Sun
with
the
Eagles
.
Why
should
you
fair
ones
then
be
proud
of
any
thing
,
that
are
by
other
creatures
exceeded
in
all
things
?
Besides
,
even
the
choisest
beauty
amongst
you
being
once
enjoied
,
is
the
lesse
esteemed
;
Souldiers
having
vanquisht
their
enemies
,
hang
up
their
arms
;
Sea-men
that
have
attained
their
harbour
,
fold
up
their
sails
.
The
choicest
dainties
are
loathsome
to
such
as
have
filled
their
stomacks
,
and
Wine
is
a
burden
to
him
that
hath
satiated
his
thirst
.
Nobility
of
birth
is
a
thing
honourable
,
●ut
you
are
not
beholding
to
your selves
for
it
,
but
your
ancestors
:
Riches
and
Plenty
are
excellent
,
but
they
are
the
gifts
of
fortune
,
therefore
subject
to
change
and
casualty
:
Praise
and
honour
is
venerable
,
but
withall
unstable
:
Health
is
precious
,
but
subject
to
sickness
and
infirmity
:
Strength
an
excellent
gift
and
blessing
,
but
neither
free
from
age
,
nor
disease
:
Beauty
is
admirable
above
all
,
and
yet
subject
to
all
:
only
Learning
,
Knowledge
,
Art
,
and
Vertue
,
are
above
the
envy
of
change
,
or
malice
of
Fortune
.
Neither
are
you
women
solely
beautifull
:
We
read
in
Marcial
lib.
1.
of
a
boy
called
Achillas
,
of
admirable
feature
;
of
Acanthus
,
whom
the
gods
at
his
death
,
in
memory
of
his
exquisite
form
,
changed
into
a
flower
,
that
still
bears
his
name
.
Amongst
the
Romans
,
Scipio
(
surnamed
Demetrius
)
and
amongst
the
Greeks
,
Alcibiades
carried
the
Palm
from
women
;
who
(
as
Plutarch
in
his
life
reports
of
him
)
was
not
only
wondred
at
in
his
youth
,
but
admired
in
his
age
,
his
grace
and
comlinesse
still
growing
with
him
.
Formosum
pastor
Coriden
ardebat
Alexim
:
The
shepherd
Coridon
doted
on
the
fair
Alexis
.
Sax●
Grammaticu●
speaks
of
Alphus
the
son
of
Gygarus
,
whose
hairs
exceeded
the
brightnesse
of
Silver
.
Amaratus
was
changed
into
a
sweet-●●elling
flower
after
his
death
.
●alentiu●
speaks
of
Amphimedon
thus
:
Formosum
Phiale
prius
〈◊〉
Amphimedenta
,
Amphimedon
Phia●es
maxima
cura
〈◊〉
:
Phiale
was
enamoured
of
Amphimedon
the
faire
,
Amphimedon
of
Phiale
became
the
greatest
●are
.
〈◊〉
Bithinicu●
,
was
a
youth
of
that
admirable
beauty
and
feature
,
that
Ad●●an
the
Emperor
was
enamoured
of
him
,
in
whose
memory
he
erected
a
Temple
in
〈◊〉
,
and
built
a
City
by
the
river
Nilus
,
he
caused
his
〈◊〉
to
be
stamped
upon
his
own
coin
,
therefore
〈◊〉
(
as
Volaterranus
reports
)
cals
him
the
Emperor
〈◊〉
con●●bine
.
Asterius
was
the
son
of
Ceres
,
a
young
man
of
a
singular
form
,
but
altogether
abstemious
from
the
love
of
women
,
whom
Ovid
in
〈◊〉
remembers
.
As●ur
is
celebrated
by
Virgil
:
—
Sequitur
pul●herrimus
Astur
Astur
●quo
si●●ns
&
versie
loribus
armis
.
The
fairest
Astur
followes
〈◊〉
in
field
.
Astur
that
〈◊〉
●nto
his
horse
and
particoloured
shield
.
At●s
the
●●rygian
youth
was
for
his
fairnesse
beloved
of
the
mother
of
the
gods
.
Virgil
speaks
of
Aventinus
in
these
words
:
〈◊〉
ostentat
equos
satus
Hercule
pulch●o
〈…〉
—
Fair
Avent●●●●
he
that
of
faire
Hercules
was
born
,
〈◊〉
of
his
conquering
ste●ds
—
〈◊〉
was
the
favourite
or
sweet-heart
of
Anacrcon
the
Poet
,
of
whom
〈◊〉
de
Stellis
:
—
Amatum
à
vate
Batillum
Pictum
oculis
suscumque
coma
roseumque
labellis
,
—
The
Poet
of
Batillus
was
en●moured
,
With
〈…〉
,
brown
hair
,
and
lips
like
Roses
red
.
(
By
the
way
.
)
Sure
there
was
a
great
dearth
of
beauty
in
those
daies
amongst
women
,
when
boies
and
catamites
were
so
doted
on
by
men
.
Bellerophon
was
not
only
affected
by
Sthenoboea
the
wife
of
Pretus
,
Tindarides
,
Ovid.
l●b.
6
thus
writes
:
At
gemini
nondum
Coelestia
sidera
fratres
Ambo
,
conspi●u●
,
nive
caendidioribus
ambo
,
Vectabantur
equis
—
The
two
twin
brothers
,
not
as
yet
accounted
'Mongst
the
coelestiall
stars
,
conspicuous
both
Vpon
two
steeds
whiter
then
snow
were
mounted
,
&c.
The
young
boy
Cest●us
,
Martial
thus
commends
.
Quanta
〈◊〉
est
probitas
,
&c.
How
great
●hy
honesty
?
thy
same
as
rare
(
O
sweet
child
Cestus
)
thou
that
mai'st
compare
,
With
The●eus
son
,
did
bright
Diana
see
Thee
naked
once
,
enamoured
she
would
be
,
And
'tice
thee
to
some
pleasant
rivers
brim
,
There
strip
her selfe
,
and
teach
thee
how
to
swim
.
Demo●les
an
Athenian
youth
was
of
that
pulchritude
,
that
he
was
called
by
all
men
Pul●her
D●mocles
,
and
(
that
which
seldome
meets
with
beauty
)
of
that
rare
temperance
,
that
when
King
Demetrius
plucked
him
to
have
made
him
a
prostitute
to
his
unlawfull
and
beastly
lusts
;
to
shun
his
embraces
,
he
leaped
into
a
caldron
of
seething
hot
liquor
,
and
there
drowned
himselfe
:
Plutarch
in
Demetrio
.
D●adumenu●
the
cup-bearer
to
Augustus
,
was
of
that
admirable
feature
,
that
in
the
contention
which
was
made
Elis
,
he
carried
the
palm
both
from
men
and
women
:
Volaterran
.
For
no
other
caus●
was
G●●ymede
said
to
fill
Nectar
to
Jupiter
then
for
his
eleg●ncy
o●
form
.
G●letes
was
a
youth
of
that
excellent
feature
,
and
so
endeared
to
P●olomaeus
,
that
when
divers
malefactors
(
and
for
great
crimes
)
were
led
to
execution
,
only
at
his
entreaty
he
spared
their
lives
.
Hypoclides
the
son
of
Thysander
,
as
Herodotus
relates
,
was
excellent
above
all
the
Athenians
for
wealth
and
beauty
.
Of
Hyas
the
son
of
Atlas
and
Aethra
,
Ovid.
5.
de
Fast
.
Nondum
stabat
Atlas
humeros
oneratus
Olympo
,
Cum
satus
est
forma
,
conspiciendus
Hias
.
Olympas
weight
did
not
as
yet
Great
Atlas
back
adorn
,
When
as
the
lovely
Hyas
of
Conspicuous
shape
was
born
.
●ylas
the
son
of
Hyadamus
,
was
not
only
endeared
to
to
Hercules
,
but
doted
on
by
the
nymphs
called
Driades
.
Iulus
the
son
of
Aeneas
and
Cre●sa
,
was
taken
for
Cupid
the
son
of
Venus
.
Juven●us
was
the
minion
of
Catullus
,
as
Lygurinus
was
to
H●●ace
;
so
likewise
Lycus
,
of
whom
he
thus
speaks
.
Et
Lycum
nigris
oculis
nigroque
Crine
decorum
.
Lycus
rare
,
Both
for
his
black
eies
and
his
black
sleek
hair
.
Some
thing
more
freely
he
speaks
of
the
Pulch●●tude
of
Nearchus
in
Carm●
and
his
Odes
.
O
Nireus
the
son
of
Caropus
and
Alaga
,
Homer
speaks
at
large
:
as
Horace
likewise
in
Carm.
and
〈◊〉
Tibullus
commends
his
Marathis
Maximinus
,
that
his
head
being
m'ngled
and
bloody
,
yet
notwithstanding
in
death
it
looked
admirable
.
Marcellus
the
son
of
〈◊〉
and
Lyriope
,
was
so
faire
,
that
the
numphs
were
surprised
with
his
beauty
.
E●dimion
was
beloved
of
the
Moon
,
Val
Flaccus
lib.
8.
●●tmius
Aestiva
resid●t
venator
in
umbra
D●gnus
amore
D●ae
—
The
〈…〉
in
the
Summer
shade
,
Worthy
the
love
of
that
〈◊〉
maid
.
In
〈◊〉
was
the
majestic
〈◊〉
beauty
,
that
the
wife
of
King
D●●rius
saluted
him
for
Alexander
:
for
his
exquisite
form
he
was
especially
beloved
of
Alexander
.
Virgil
commends
the
shape
of
〈◊〉
the
son
of
Ny●us
.
So
Nysus
King
of
the
Megarenses
was
said
to
have
hairs
of
gold
,
they
were
of
such
splendour
.
S●a●ius
commends
〈…〉
the
son
of
〈◊〉
and
Atalanta
,
or
as
some
write
of
Mars
and
〈◊〉
.
Caelius
,
Ovid
,
and
others
,
celebrate
Phaon
the
beloved
of
Sapp●o
the
Poetesse
,
for
the
fairest
of
the
world
.
〈…〉
who
was
the
familiar
of
Socrates
and
Plato
was
for
exquisite
shape
compelled
to
be
prostituted
by
the
●aud
his
Master
.
Of
Pyramus
,
Ovid
thus
speaks
,
Metamorph.
lib.
4.
Pyramus
&
Thisbe
Juvenum
Pulcherrimus
alter
.
Young
Pyranius
and
Thisbe
,
he
Of
all
the
young
men
fairest
,
And
she
of
all
the
Eastern
world
,
Of
lovely
girls
the
rarest
,
&c.
Spurinae
was
a
youth
of
such
an
alluring
beauty
,
that
when
he
could
neither
reserve
himselfe
from
suit
of
men
,
or
importunities
of
women
,
he
deformed
his
own
beauty
with
scratches
and
wounds
to
preserve
his
own
chastity
,
Valer
Max.
de
Verecundis
.
Magnes
Smyrnaeus
was
the
most
beautifull
of
his
age
,
and
so
acceptable
to
Gyges
King
of
Lydia
,
that
when
his
pa●ents
cut
off
his
delicate
and
faire
haire
(
somewhat
to
tak●
off
the
Kings
affection
)
the
King
was
so
incensed
,
that
for
that
cause
alone
he
made
warre
against
the
Magnesians
;
Pausan
,
apud
Volater
.
The
Poet
Musaeus
celebrates
the
rare
form
of
Leander
,
a
youth
of
Abidos
and
beloved
of
Hero
As
Virgil
doth
the
like
of
Lausus
the
son
of
〈…〉
lib.
7
Herodotus
speaking
of
〈◊〉
saith
,
that
he
had
in
his
army
sixty
eighty
〈◊〉
of
men
,
yet
amongst
them
all
he
was
the
beautifullest
of
face
,
and
tallest
of
〈◊〉
.
I
could
reckon
up
others
as
Pelops
Idas
,
Jason
,
〈…〉
.
Hymene
,
the
least
of
them
a
Prince
,
the
〈…〉
or
the
dearly
beloved
of
some
Queen
or
goddesse
.
This
is
only
to
put
you
in
mind
,
O
〈◊〉
.
That
though
you
have
engrossed
a
great
portion●
beauty
,
ye●
you
are
not
possest
of
all
,
since
not
only
men
,
but
divers
other
creatures
share
with
you
;
neither
have
〈◊〉
suced
these
to
der●gate
any
thing
from
your
worths
,
only
to
abate
some
of
that
ambition
or
selfe-love
which
is
commonly
attendant
upon
beauty
:
One
thing
for
your
grace
I
have
read
in
the
Spanish
Chronicle
of
an
exquisi●e
〈…〉
like
I
did
never
of
any
excellent
man
)
Queen
I●abel
the
wife
of
Henry
sirnamed
the
Humble
,
being
〈◊〉
her selfe
in
her
window
,
against
which
the
Sun
shined
somewhat
〈◊〉
,
it
is
credibly
reported
,
that
the
beams
of
the
Sun
set
her
curled
locks
on
fire
:
some
held
it
as
a
prodigie
,
others
alluded
it
to
her
miraculous
beauty
,
some
though●
that
one
pane
or
other
in
the
window
,
was
of
the
nature
of
a
burning
glasse
,
and
that
was
the
cause
,
others
imputed
it
to
certain
o●les
and
sweet
unguents
,
with
which
the
Queens
and
great
Ladies
use
to
dresse
their
haire
:
howsoever
,
if
their
Chronicle
speak
truth
,
most
certain
it
is
,
that
her
lust
made
greater
combustion
in
the
land
,
then
the
Sun
had
power
to
commit
upon
her
hair
.
I
have
one
thing
more
to
instance
to
your
grace
,
and
so
I
will
conclude
my
discourse
.
An
Embassador
being
to
be
enterteined
in
the
Court
of
Queen
Elizabeth
(
where
the
greatest
state
was
still
observed
)
he
first
passed
through
a
lane
of
the
guard
in
their
rich
coats
;
next
through
the
Gentlemen
Pensioners
,
and
so
through
all
the
greater
Officers
,
the
Lords
,
Earls
and
Councel
:
The
Queen
sat
then
in
state
at
the
upper
end
of
a
long
gallery
,
which
when
the
Embassador
should
enter
,
the
great
Ladies
of
either
side
richly
attired
were
placed
,
through
the
middest
of
whom
as
he
passed
along
,
he
as
amazed
at
the
state
,
or
admiring
at
their
beauties
,
cast
his
eie
first
on
one
side
,
then
on
the
other
,
and
that
not
without
some
pause
,
as
if
he
had
been
to
take
a
particular
survey
of
all
their
features
,
but
by
degrees
comming
up
towards
the
Queen
,
who
sate
like
Diana
amongst
her
nymphs
,
or
Ariadne
in
her
crown
of
stars
,
instated
above
the
lesser
lights
,
to
give
him
entertainment
:
and
observing
his
eies
still
wander
,
she
thus
bespake
him
,
Averte
oculos
ne
videas
vanitatem●
.
Turn
away
your
eies
least
you
behold
van●ty
:
to
whom
he
suddenly
replied
,
Imo
potius
miribilia
opera
Dei●●●
.
Nay
,
the
wonderfull
works
of
God
.
Since
then
you
are
such
,
rather
let
your
vertuous
actions
beautifie
,
then
your
vitious
deeds
any
way
disgrace
his
so
great
and
glorious
workmanship
.
Of
Faire
Women
.
OF
these
,
de
Rebus
Arcad.
relates
,
That
one
Cypselus
purposing
to
raise
a
new
Colony
,
erected
a
faire
and
goodly
City
in
a
spacious
Plaine
bordering
upon
the
river
Alphaeus
,
to
which
place
multitudes
of
the
Parrhasians
came
to
inhabit
.
At
the
same
time
was
a
Grove
and
an
Altar
celebrated
(
with
much
pomp
and
solemnity
)
to
Elusina
Ceres
,
with
annuall
feast
:
at
this
publike
meeting
was
a
contention
,
Which
of
all
the
women
was
censured
to
be
the
fairest
?
The
first
that
had
the
priority
and
Palm
for
beauty
bestowed
upon
her
,
was
Herodica
,
the
wife
of
Cypselus
.
Zenophon
apud
Coelium
,
lib
7.
cap.
53.
speaks
of
one
Panthaea
,
the
wife
of
Abraditus
,
a
Noble
man
of
Persia
,
whom
Cyrus
(
having
defeated
the
army
of
the
Aslyrians
and
spoiled
their
tents
)
took
captive
;
Abraditus
at
that
time
being
absent
,
as
not
long
before
emploied
upon
an
Embassie
to
the
Bactriaus
,
in
which
interim
,
Panthaea
was
in
the
custody
of
a
Noble
man
of
Media
,
called
Araspes
,
who
affirmed
of
her
to
the
King
with
great
admiration
of
her
feature
and
beauty
,
That
in
all
Asia
her
like
was
not
to
be
seen
or
found
.
P●ulus
D●aconus
writes
of
Theodole
,
Saxo
Gramma●icus
in
his
Danish
history
,
commemorates
one
Suabilda
,
〈◊〉
Insolentem
Serva
Brysaeis
niveo
colore
〈…〉
His
〈…〉
,
with
her
colour
white
,
Iasolent
〈◊〉
moved
to
delight
.
Of
〈◊〉
,
Ovid
likewise
speaks
,
lib.
2.
de
Arte
Amandit
:
〈◊〉
ut
in
capta
Lyrn●side
magnus
Achilles
Cum
premeret
〈◊〉
lossus
ab
ho●te
torum
.
This
,
〈…〉
of
his
Love
〈◊〉
,
When
with
the
slaugh●er
of
his
enemies
tired
,
He
doff'd
his
Cushes
,
and
unarm'd
his
head
,
To
〈◊〉
with
her
on
a
soft
day
bed
:
It
did
rejoice
Bryseis
to
embrace
His
braised
arms
,
and
kisse
his
blood
stain'd
face
.
Those
hands
which
he
so
often
did
imbrew
In
blood
of
warlike
Trosans
,
whom
he
slew
,
Were
now
implo●'d
to
tickle
,
touch
and
feel
,
And
shake
a
Lance
,
that
had
no
point
of
steel
.
Thargelia
Molesia
lib.
1.
Syll.
thus
speaks
:
—
Al
tu
pulcherrima
forma
,
Italidum
tantem
casto
possessa
marito
:
Thou
of
our
Latium
Dames
the
fair'st
and
best
,
Of
thy
chast
husband
art
at
length
possest
.
Agarista
,
Smyndrides
,
Sibarites
,
Syritanus
,
and
Damnasus
.
From
the
Coast
of
Ionia
,
Amphimnestrus
,
Epidamnius
,
Aetolus
,
and
Meges
.
From
Peloponnesus
,
Leocides
,
Amianthus
,
A●●has
,
H●leus
,
Laphanes
,
and
Phidon
,
son
to
the
King
of
the
Argives
.
From
Attica
,
Megacles
the
son
of
Alcmenon
.
From
Etruria
,
Lysanius
.
From
Thessaly
Diacrides
,
and
Cranomius
.
From
Molossus
Alcon
,
in
number
20.
These
came
into
Greece
to
express
themselves
in
many
noble
contentions
,
because
Cl●sthenes
the
son
of
Aristonius
and
father
of
Agarista
had
made
proclamation
,
that
he
only
should
enjoy
the
virgin
,
who
could
best
express
himselfe
in
noble
action
and
valour
.
Parthaon
.
Eurialus
,
Eurimachus
,
Crotalus
Acrius
of
Lacedemon
,
Capetus
,
Lycurgus
,
Lasius
,
Cha●codus
,
Tricolonus
,
Aristomachus
,
Prias
,
Pelagus
,
Aeolius
,
Chromius
,
and
Eritheus
the
son
of
Leucon
.
Amongst
these
are
numbred
,
Merimnes
,
Hypotous
,
●elops
,
Opontius
,
Acarnan
,
Eurilachus
,
Antomedon
,
Lasius
,
Chalcon
,
Tricoronus
,
Alcathus
,
Aristomachus
,
and
Croc●lus
,
Q.
Curtius
relates
,
was
inferiour
to
no
Lady
that
lived
in
her
age
,
yet
notwithstanding
,
Alexander
the
Great
having
overcome
her
husband
Darius
in
battell
,
was
of
that
continence
,
that
he
only
attempted
not
to
violate
her
chastity
,
but
became
her
guardian
,
and
protected
her
from
all
the
injuries
that
might
have
been
done
to
a
captive
.
Aureus
in
D●naen
,
Aesopida
luserit
ignis
:
In
Gold
faire
Dana●
had
her
full
desire
,
But
with
th'
Aesopian
〈◊〉
he
plai'd
in
●ire
.
So
likewise
Antiopa
,
lib.
13.
)
thus
writes
in
the
praise
of
his
mistresse
Galataea
:
Candidior
solio
nivei
Galataea
ligustri
,
&c.
Oh
Galataea
,
thou
art
whiter
far
Then
leaves
of
Lillies
:
not
green
Medowes
are
More
flourishing
,
thy
stature
doth
appear
Straighter
then
th'
Elmes
;
then
glasse
thou
art
more
clear
▪
More
wanton
then
the
young
Kid
,
and
more
light
Then
those
loose
shels
the
h●llowes
have
made
white
Still
tumbled
with
the
waves
:
more
grace
th'
hast
won
,
Then
is
in
Summers
shade
or
Winters
Sun
,
Lovelier
then
is
the
Apple
,
when
his
side
Turns
yellow
,
then
the
Plane
tree
,
of
more
pride
;
Transparent
then
Isicles
,
that
meet
With
rising
Phoebus
;
then
ripe
Grapes
,
more
sweet
:
Thou
art
of
all
choice
things
the
gene
all
Theam
,
Soft
as
Swans
plumes
,
and
faire
as
clowted
cream
.
Therefore
you
faire
ones
,
the
more
choice
your
heauey
is
,
you
ought
of
it
to
be
more
chary
:
the
sweeter
the
flower
is
,
the
sooner
it
loseth
the
smell
,
the
fairer
the
colour
,
it
the
sooner
fades
;
and
the
purer
the
blood
,
the
apter
to
take
putrifaction
.
Take
heed
then
,
lest
by
unlawfull
prostitution
,
you
●●ar
that
by
which
in
outward
appearance
you
come
neerest
to
your
Maker
,
who
as
he
is
the
Summum
bonum
,
so
he
is
the
soveraign
and
only
pe●fect
beauty
.
A
Tyrant
having
studied
many
fearfull
and
terrible
deaths
,
to
inflict
upon
such
as
his
malice
would
punish
;
when
he
thought
none
grievous
enough
,
at
length
(
as
his
master-peece
of
Tyranny
)
he
devised
to
bind
the
living
to
the
body
of
the
dead
,
that
the
stench
and
corruption
of
the
one
might
sti●●e
and
suffocate
the
other
.
In
what
greater
torment
then
is
that
man
,
who
shall
marry
a
fair
false
one
,
that
shall
bed
with
sin
,
and
bosome
diseases
?
The
dead
body
to
which
the
living
is
bound
,
as
the
blood
dries
and
the
flesh
consumes
,
so
doth
the
loathsomnesse
of
the
smell
,
till
in
time
it
wast
to
ashes
,
and
so
to
participate
of
the
same
earth
from
whence
it
came
:
but
your
catching
and
infectious
loathsomnesse
,
from
lust
growes
to
leprosie
,
still
encreasing
in
you
,
to
the
impairing
of
his
health
and
the
impoverishing
his
estate
,
consuming
his
purse
,
and
contaminating
his
person
.
O
miserable
man
,
whom
thy
rash
choice
shall
cause
to
die
of
this
wretched
consumption
.
But
this
is
but
a
caveat
or
admonition
by
the
way
:
I
proceed
now
with
history
.
The
faire
Mistresse
of
Pisistratus
.
PHilarchus
speaks
of
a
beautifull
woman
(
on
whom
he
hath
vouchsafed
no
mame
)
who
first
brought
Pisistratus
from
a
private
man
to
a
government
Monarchicall
.
Hesiodus
in
his
Melampodia
nominates
the
City
Chalcides
in
Euboea
,
Dionysius
Leuc●ricus
hath
left
recorded
,
That
for
many
years
continuance
,
there
was
an
annuall
contention
of
beauty
held
amongst
the
Elians
in
the
City
of
Elis
,
and
that
she
that
p●ov●d
victoresse
,
was
honoured
with
the
Arms
consecrated
to
Pallas
.
Others
in
other
places
,
as
Mysilus
in
his
historicall
Paradoxes
hath
left
remembed
,
were
crowned
with
wreaths
of
My●●le
.
In
other
places
,
as
Theophrastus
writes
,
there
were
meetings
and
solemnities
kept
to
censure
women
for
their
temperance
and
good
huswifery
,
as
among
the
Barbarians
;
but
for
the
form
and
feature
,
they
were
most
frequent
amongst
the
inhabitants
of
Tenedos
and
Lesbos
.
Heraclius
Lembus
writes
,
That
in
Sparta
with
great
admiration
and
reverence
they
observe
the
fairest
man
or
woman
,
and
commonly
the
Spartane
beauties
are
the
most
illustrious
.
Therefore
of
the
King
Archidamus
it
is
left
registred
;
That
being
to
make
choice
of
a
Queen
,
when
one
singularly
beautifull
,
but
of
small
dowe●
and
another
wondrous
,
rich
,
but
extraordinary
deformed
,
were
placed
before
him
,
he
cast
〈◊〉
upon
the
goods
of
Fortune
,
and
neglecting
the
treasures
of
Nature
,
preferred
bondage
before
beauty
:
For
which
,
the
Ephori
(
which
in
Athens
were
the
same
Officers
that
The
Tribunes
were
in
Rome
)
called
him
to
account
,
and
put
him
to
an
extraordinary
great
〈◊〉
,
saying
,
This
man
in
stead
of
Soveraigns
would
beget
subjects
,
and
for
Princes
leave
peasants
to
succeed
and
raign
over
us
.
Eu●ioides
saith
,
That
beauty
hath
the
first
place
in
the
claim
of
Empire
:
therefore
those
that
in
Homer
were
admirers
of
Helens
beauty
,
spake
to
this
purpose
:
Indignum
nihil
est
Tro●s
sortes
&
Achivos
Tempore
tam
longo
perpessos
esse
labores
;
Ob
talem
uxorem
cui
praestantissima
so●ma
,
Nil
mortale
refert
superisque
simillima
d●vis
.
The
Greeks
and
Trejans
,
who
can
say
were
base
?
So
long
and
so
great
labours
to
endure
For
such
a
wife
,
whose
most
excellent
face
Shewes
nothing
mortall
,
but
all
God
like
pure
.
This
made
the
Spartans
(
the
place
from
whence
Helen
was
ravished
)
as
the
greatest
〈◊〉
to
entertain
a
stranger
,
Nitetis
.
CAmbyses
hearing
that
the
Aegyptian
women
did
much
differ
from
other
nations
in
manners
and
behaviour
,
Bersane
.
SHe
as
Curtius
and
Gellius
both
assent
)
was
the
widdow
of
one
Da●aseus
,
It
is
not
to
be
questioned
,
Strozz●
Pater
thus
writes
.
Ille
sacri
vates
operis
Jess●●a
proles
,
Prafecit
populo
quem
Deus
ipse
suo
,
Bersabeae
captus
forma
—
The
Psalmisl
born
of
the
Jesseian
Line
,
The
famous
Author
of
that
work
Divine
,
Whom
God
made
Ruler
〈◊〉
his
people
,
he
Dotes
on
the
feature
of
faire
B●●sabe
.
Lycaste
,
one
of
the
daughters
of
Priam.
was
faire
above
measure
,
insomuch
that
Polydamus
the
sonne
of
Anthenor
,
whom
he
begor
of
Theano
the
sister
of
Hecuba
,
of
a
Concubine
made
her
his
wise
.
There
was
another
Lycasle
that
we
read
of
,
who
for
her
perfection
in
all
degrees
of
comliness
,
had
the
name
of
Venus
bestowed
upon
her
.
The
wise
of
Candaules
.
THis
Candaules
,
whom
the
Grecians
call
Myrsilus
,
was
King
of
the
Sa●dians
,
Two
waies
are
proposed
thee
,
O
Gyges
,
and
one
of
them
instantly
and
without
least
premeditation
to
make
choise
of
;
Either
thou
must
kill
Candaules
,
and
that
done
,
be
possessed
of
me
,
and
with
me
the
Crown
of
Lydia
,
or
instantly
die
;
for
thy
doom
is
already
determined
of
,
because
thou
shalt
know
that
in
all
things
it
is
not
convenient
to
obey
the
King
,
or
search
into
that
which
thou
oughtest
not
to
know
:
There
is
now
a
necessity
,
that
either
he
that
counselled
thee
to
this
must
perish
,
or
thou
that
obeiedst
him
against
all
Law
or
Justice
,
to
behold
me
(
against
reason
or
modesty
)
naked
.
Gyges
at
these
words
was
first
wondrously
amazed
,
but
after
recollecting
himselfe
,
entreated
her
not
to
compell
him
to
so
hard
an
exigent
,
as
to
the
choice
of
either
.
But
finding
that
necessity
,
that
he
must
be
forced
to
one
or
the
other
,
to
kill
the
King
,
or
to
be
slain
by
others
;
he
rather
made
choice
to
survive
,
and
let
the
other
perish
,
and
thus
answered
her
:
Since
(
generous
Lady
)
you
urge
me
to
an
enterprize
so
much
opposite
to
my
milder
nature
and
disposition
,
propose
some
safe
course
how
this
may
de
done
.
Even
(
saith
she
)
in
the
selfe-same
place
where
he
devised
this
mischiefe
against
himselfe
(
namely
,
his
bed-chamber
)
where
to
thee
I
was
first
discovered
.
Therefore
providing
all
things
necessary
for
so
determinate
a
purpose
,
and
the
night
comming
on
,
Gyges
(
who
knew
no
evasion
,
but
to
kill
his
master
or
die
himselfe
)
awaited
his
best
advantage
,
and
having
notice
when
Candaules
was
asleep
,
followed
the
Queen
into
her
chamber
,
and
with
a
Ponyard
(
by
her
provided
for
the
purpose
)
stabbed
him
to
the
heart
,
by
which
he
attained
both
the
Queen
and
Kingdome
.
Of
this
history
,
Archilochus
Parius
makes
mention
in
his
Iambicks
,
who
lived
about
the
same
time
;
affirming
,
that
Gyges
was
by
the
Oracle
of
Delphos
confirmed
in
the
Kingdome
after
the
faction
of
the
Heraclides
had
opposed
his
soveraignty
.
Rowan
and
Estrilda
.
ROwan
was
a
maid
of
wonderfull
beauty
and
pleasantnesse
,
Locrin
,
Sabrina
.
Locrine
after
the
death
of
Corineus
,
of
whom
he
stood
in
awe
,
divorced
himselfe
from
his
lawfull
wife
,
and
took
to
his
embraces
his
fair
concubine
:
moved
with
this
injury
,
Guendoline
retired
her self
into
Cornwall
,
where
she
gathered
a
great
power
,
fought
with
her
husband
,
slew
him
in
battell
,
and
after
caused
him
to
be
buried
in
Troy-novant
.
That
done
,
she
caused
the
fair
Estrilda
with
her
daughter
Sabrina
,
to
be
drowned
in
a
river
,
that
which
parts
England
and
Wales
,
which
still
bears
the
name
of
the
young
Virgin
,
and
is
called
Severn
.
These
her
designs
accomplished
,
for
so
much
as
Madan
her
young
son
was
but
in
his
pupillage
,
and
not
of
capacity
or
age
to
govern
the
Land
;
by
the
common
sofferage
of
all
the
Brittains
,
she
was
made
Protectoresse
and
Lady
Regent
of
the
King
,
which
to
the
comfort
of
the
Subjects
,
and
the
weal
of
the
Kingdome
,
she
dis●r●●tly
governed
for
the
space
of
fifteen
years
;
and
therefore
her
memory
might
fitly
hath
been
ranked
amongst
the
most
illustrious
women
.
Her
son
comming
to
age
and
years
of
discretion
,
she
to
him
resigned
the
S●epter
.
The
faire
Lady
of
Norwich
.
AND
now
because
we
traffick
altogether
with
history
,
it
shall
not
be
amisse
sometimes
to
mingle
Ser●a
Jocis
,
as
shall
appear
by
this
discourse
which
I
have
often
heard
related
.
A
Knight
both
of
fame
and
memory
,
and
whose
name
is
still
upon
record
,
being
eminent
and
of
note
with
Henry
the
fift
,
as
personally
with
him
in
all
the
wars
in
France
;
after
the
King
had
both
conquered
and
quieted
the
Land
,
this
noble
Englishman
retired
himselfe
into
his
Country
.
He
had
a
Lady
that
was
of
such
beauty
,
that
she
attracted
the
eies
of
all
beholders
,
with
no
common
admiration
,
in
briefe
I
cannot
speak
of
her
feature
sufficiently
,
as
being
far
beyond
the
compasse
of
my
pen
,
and
therefore
I
put
her
into
the
number
of
my
Fair
ones
.
This
Lady
with
her
husband
residing
in
the
City
of
Norwich
,
He
,
after
so
many
troubles
and
torments
,
purposed
a
more
sequestred
life
,
and
(
next
the
solace
he
had
in
the
beauty
and
vertues
of
his
wife
)
to
take
a
course
meerly
contemplative
:
and
thought
out
of
the
abundance
of
his
wealth
,
to
do
some
pious
deeds
for
the
good
of
his
soul
:
he
therefore
erected
in
the
City
,
and
neer
to
the
place
where
his
house
stood
,
a
goodly
Church
at
his
own
charge
,
and
betwixt
them
a
Religious
house
that
entertained
twelve
Friers
and
an
Abbot
,
allowing
them
demeans
competent
for
so
small
a
brother-hood
:
In
this
covent
there
were
two
,
Frier
John
and
Frier
Richard
;
these
were
still
at
continuall
enmity
,
and
especiall
notice
taken
of
it
among
the
rest
,
which
by
no
mediation
,
could
be
truly
reconciled
:
but
omitting
that
,
it
was
the
custome
of
the
Knight
and
his
Lady
,
daily
to
rise
to
morning
Mattins
,
and
she
being
affable
and
courteous
to
all
,
it
bred
a
strange
incivil
boldnesse
in
Frier
John
,
for
she
never
came
through
the
Cloister
,
but
he
was
still
with
ducks
and
cringes
attending
her
,
which
she
(
suspecting
nothing
)
simply
with
modest
smiles
returned
thanks
to
him
again
:
which
grew
so
palpable
in
the
Frier
,
that
as
farre
as
they
durst
it
was
whispered
in
the
covent
.
Briefly
after
these
encouragements
(
as
he
construed
them
)
it
bred
in
him
that
impudency
,
that
he
presumed
to
write
a
letter
to
her
,
in
which
he
laid
open
a
great
deal
of
more
then
necessary
love
This
letter
with
great
difficulty
came
to
her
hand
;
at
which
the
Lady
astonished
,
as
not
dreaming
that
such
lewdnesse
should
come
from
one
that
professed
chastity
,
and
not
knowing
whether
it
might
be
a
trick
complotted
by
her
husband
to
make
triall
of
her
chastity
:
howsoever
,
lest
her
honour
should
be
any
way
called
in
question
,
she
thought
it
the
best
and
safest
course
to
shew
the
letter
to
her
husband
;
of
which
he
had
no
sooner
took
a
view
,
but
he
began
to
repent
him
of
his
former
charity
,
in
regard
of
their
so
great
ingratitude
.
But
there
yet
wants
revenge
for
so
great
a
wrong
,
the
Knight
concealing
his
●age
,
causes
an
answer
of
this
letter
to
be
drawn
to
which
he
commanded
her
to
set
to
her
hand
;
the
contents
to
this
effect
,
That
she
was
greatly
compassionate
of
his
Love
,
and
that
such
a
night
her
husband
being
to
ride
towards
London
,
he
should
be
admitted
,
lodged
and
entertained
,
according
to
his
own
desires
.
This
letter
was
sealed
,
closely
sent
,
received
by
the
Frier
with
joy
unspeakable
:
against
the
night
he
provides
him
clean
linnen
,
a
perfumed
night-cop
,
and
other
necessaries
;
he
keeps
the
time
,
observes
the
place
,
is
closely
admitted
,
and
by
her selfe
without
witnesse
,
and
so
conveied
him
into
a
close
chamber
.
Which
he
was
no
sooner
entred
,
but
in
comes
the
Knight
with
his
man
,
and
in
great
fury
,
without
giving
him
the
least
time
either
to
call
for
help
to
the
house
or
to
heaven
,
strangled
the
poor
Frier
,
and
left
him
dead
upon
the
ground
.
The
deed
was
no
sooner
done
,
and
his
rage
somewhat
appeased
,
but
he
began
to
enter
into
consideration
of
the
foulnesse
of
the
fact
,
and
heinousnesse
of
the
murder
,
withall
the
strict
penalty
of
the
law
due
for
such
an
offence
,
which
would
be
no
lesse
then
forfeiture
of
life
and
estate
;
and
now
he
begins
better
to
ponder
with
himselfe
how
to
prevent
the
last
,
which
may
give
him
further
leasure
to
repent
the
first
.
After
divers
and
sundry
projects
cast
betwixt
him
and
his
man
,
it
came
into
his
mind
,
by
some
means
or
other
to
have
his
body
conveied
back
into
the
Monastery
,
which
being
divided
from
his
house
only
with
a
brick
wall
,
might
be
done
without
any
great
difficulty
:
this
was
no
sooner
motioned
,
but
instantly
his
man
remembers
him
of
a
ladder
in
the
back-yard
fit
for
the
purpose
;
briefly
,
they
both
lay
hand
to
the
body
,
and
the
man
with
the
Frier
on
his
back
mounts
the
ladder
,
and
sits
with
him
astride
upon
the
wall
,
then
drawing
up
the
ladder
to
the
contrary
side
,
descends
with
him
down
into
the
Monastery
,
where
spying
the
house
of
office
,
he
set
him
upon
the
same
as
upright
as
he
could
there
leaves
him
and
conveies
himselfe
again
over
the
wall
,
but
for
hast
to
getting
the
ladder
,
and
so
delivers
to
his
master
how
and
where
he
had
bestowed
the
Frier
:
at
which
being
better
com●orted
,
they
betook
themselves
both
to
their
rest
.
All
this
being
concealed
as
well
from
the
L●dy
as
the
rest
or
the
ho●shold
,
who
were
in
their
depth
of
sleep
;
It
hapned
at
the
same
instant
,
that
〈◊〉
R●chard
being
much
troubled
with
a
loosnesse
in
his
body
,
had
occasion
to
rise
in
the
night
,
and
being
somewhat
hastily
and
unhandsomely
taken
makes
what
speed
he
can
to
the
house
of
office
,
but
by
the
light
of
the
Moon
discerning
some
one
before
him
,
whilst
he
could
and
was
able
he
conteined
himselfe
,
but
finding
there
was
no
remedy
,
he
first
called
and
then
in
●eated
to
come
away
;
but
hearing
no
body
answer
,
he
imagin'd
it
to
be
done
on
purpose
,
the
rather
,
because
approaching
the
place
somewhat
neerer
,
he
might
plainly
perceive
it
was
Frier
John
,
his
old
adversary
,
who
the
louder
he
called
,
he
seemed
the
lesse
to
listen
;
I
loath
he
was
to
play
the
sloven
in
the
yard
,
the
rather
,
because
the
whole
covent
had
taken
notice
of
a
cold
he
had
late
go●
,
and
how
it
then
wrought
with
him
:
therefore
thinking
this
counterfeit
deasnesse
to
be
done
of
purpose
and
spight
,
to
make
him
ashamed
of
himselfe
,
he
snatcht
up
a
brick-bat
to
be
revenged
,
and
hitting
his
adversary
full
upon
the
brest
,
down
tumbles
Frier
John
without
life
or
motion
:
which
he
seeing
,
thought
at
first
to
raise
him
up
;
but
after
many
proofs
finding
him
to
be
stone
dead
,
verily
beleeves
that
he
had
slain
him
.
What
shall
he
now
do
?
The
gates
are
fast
locked
,
and
flie
he
could
not
:
but
as
sudden
extremities
impress
in
men
as
sudden
shitts
,
he
espying
the
Ladder
,
presently
apprehends
what
had
been
whispered
of
Frier
Johns
love
to
the
Knights
Lady
:
and
lifting
him
upon
his
shoulders
,
by
the
help
of
the
same
Ladder
,
carries
him
into
the
porch
of
the
Knights
hall
,
and
there
sets
him
,
and
so
closely
conveies
himselfe
back
into
the
Monastery
the
same
way
he
came
,
not
so
much
as
suspected
of
any
In
the
interim
,
whilst
this
was
done
,
the
Knight
being
perplex●d
and
troubled
in
conscience
,
could
by
no
means
sleep
,
but
cals
up
his
man
,
and
bids
him
go
listen
about
the
wals
of
the
Monastery
,
if
he
can
hear
any
noise
or
uprore
about
the
murther
.
Forth
goes
he
from
his
masters
chamber
,
and
having
past
the
length
of
the
hall
,
purposing
to
go
through
the
yard
,
finds
Frier
Iohn
sitting
upright
in
the
porch
;
he
starting
at
the
sight
,
runs
back
affrighted
,
and
almost
districted
,
and
(
scarce
able
to
speak
)
brings
this
newes
to
his
master
:
who
no
lesse
astonished
could
not
beleeve
it
to
be
so
(
but
rather
his
mans
fantasie
)
till
himselfe
went
down
and
became
eie-witnesse
of
the
strange
object
.
Then
wonderously
desp●i●ing
,
he
intimates
within
himself
,
that
murther
is
one
of
the
crying
sins
,
and
such
a
one
as
cannot
be
concealed
yet
recollecting
his
spirits
,
he
purposeth
to
make
tryall
of
a
desperate
adventure
,
and
put
the
discovery
theirof
to
accident
:
he
remembers
an
old
stallion
,
that
had
been
a
horse
of
service
,
then
in
his
stable
,
one
of
those
he
had
used
in
the
French
wars
,
and
withall
a
rusty
Armor
hanging
in
his
A●mory
;
he
commands
both
instantly
to
be
brought
,
with
strong
new
cords
,
a
case
of
rusty
Pistols
,
and
a
Lance.
The
horse
is
ladled
and
capparison'd
,
the
Armor
put
upon
the
Frier
,
and
he
fast
bound
in
the
seat
,
the
Launce
tied
to
his
wrist
,
and
the
lower
end
put
into
the
rest
,
his
head
peece
clasped
on
,
and
his
Beaver
up
;
the
ski●ts
of
his
grey
gown
serv'd
for
Bases
:
and
thus
accountred
,
like
a
Knight
compleatly
armed
Cap-a●pe
,
they
purpose
to
turn
him
out
of
the
gates
,
he
and
his
horse
,
without
any
Page
or
Esquire
,
to
trie
a
new
adventure
.
Whilst
these
things
were
thus
in
fitting
,
Frier
Richard
in
the
Monastery
,
no
lesse
perplexed
in
conscience
then
the
Knight
,
about
the
murther
,
casting
all
doubts
,
and
stil
dreading
the
strictnesse
of
the
Law
,
summons
all
his
wits
about
him
to
prevent
the
worst
;
at
length
sets
up
his
rest
,
that
it
his
best
and
safest
way
to
flie
:
he
remembers
withall
,
that
there
was
belonging
to
the
Frierie
a
Mare
,
emploied
to
carry
corn
to
and
fro
from
the
Mil
(
which
was
some
halfe
a
mile
from
the
Monastery
)
being
somewhat
fat
,
and
therefore
doubting
his
own
footmanship
,
he
thinks
it
the
safer
course
to
trust
to
four
legs
then
to
two
,
he
therefore
cals
up
the
Baker
that
had
the
charge
of
the
beast
,
and
tels
him
,
he
understands
there
was
Meal
that
morning
to
be
fetcht
from
the
Mill
,
which
was
grinded
by
that
time
;
therefore
if
he
would
let
him
have
the
Mare
,
he
would
(
it
being
now
night
)
save
him
that
labour
,
and
bring
it
back
before
morning
.
The
fellow
willing
to
spare
so
much
pains
,
caused
the
back
gate
to
be
opened
.
The
Frier
gets
us
,
and
rides
out
of
the
Monastery
gate
,
just
at
the
instant
when
the
Knight
and
his
man
had
turned
out
the
Frier
on
horseback
to
seek
his
fortune
,
the
horse
presently
seems
the
Mare
,
and
after
her
he
gallops
.
Frier
Richard
looking
back
amazed
to
have
an
armed
Knight
pursue
him
,
and
by
the
Moon-light
perceiving
the
Frier
armed
(
for
he
might
discern
his
face
partly
by
the
Moon
,
and
partly
by
the
breaking
of
the
day
,
his
Beaver
being
up
(
away
flies
he
,
and
takes
through
the
streets
:
after
him
(
or
rather
the
Mare
)
speeds
the
horse
.
Great
noise
was
in
the
City
,
insomuch
,
that
many
awaking
out
of
their
sleeps
and
morning
rests
,
from
their
windowes
looked
out
.
At
length
it
was
Frier
Richards
ill
fate
to
take
into
a
turn-again-lane
,
that
had
no
passage
through
;
there
Frier
Iohn
overtakes
him
:
the
Horse
mounts
the
Mare
,
and
with
his
violent
motion
the
rotten
and
rusty
armour
makes
a
terrible
noise
;
Frier
Richards
burthened
conscience
clamours
out
aloud
for
help
,
and
withall
cries
,
Guilty
of
the
murther
:
at
the
noise
of
murther
the
people
being
amazed
,
run
out
of
their
beds
into
the
streets
.
They
apprehend
miracles
,
and
he
confesseth
wonders
;
but
withall
,
that
barbarous
and
inhumane
fact
,
to
murder
one
of
his
Covent
:
the
grudge
that
was
betwixt
them
is
known
,
and
the
apparant
justice
of
heaven
the
rather
beleeved
.
Frier
Iohn
is
dismounted
,
and
sent
to
his
grave
,
Frier
Richard
to
prison
;
he
is
arraigned
,
and
in
processe
,
by
his
own
confession
condemned
.
But
before
the
execution
,
the
Knight
knowing
his
old
guilty
conscience
,
posts
instantly
to
the
King
,
makes
his
voluntary
confession
,
and
hath
his
life
and
goods
(
for
his
former
good
service
)
pardoned
him
▪
Frier
Richard
is
released
,
and
the
accident
remains
still
recorded
.
Of
Callirhoe
,
daughter
to
Boetius
.
I
Now
return
to
more
serious
antiquity
:
Phocus
Boetius
,
was
born
in
the
City
Gl●san●es
,
and
had
a
d●ughter
called
Callirhoe
,
of
such
incomparable
feature
and
beauty
mixed
,
and
withall
so
inherent
a
modesty
and
vertue
,
all
meeting
in
one
center
to
make
a
perfect
and
compleat
creature
,
that
thirty
of
the
noble
youths
of
Boeotia
were
suitors
to
her
at
once
,
and
every
one
sollicited
her
for
marriage
;
but
Phocus
fearing
their
importunities
,
and
by
inclining
to
one
,
to
hazard
the
displeasures
of
all
the
rest
,
delaid
them
for
his
consent
:
but
they
still
more
and
more
●rging
him
,
he
desired
but
respite
till
he
sent
to
Delphos
,
there
to
demand
the
advice
of
the
Oracle
,
how
to
dispose
of
his
daughter
;
but
they
taking
this
his
pretended
delay
in
ill
part
,
all
i●aged
,
with
〈…〉
content
●et
violently
upon
him
and
his
houshold
;
in
which
conflict
Phocus
was
slain
.
It
hapned
that
in
the
m●ddest
of
this
tumult
the
virgin
escaped
and
fl●d
into
the
C●untry
,
whom
the
suitors
no
sooner
missed
,
〈…〉
expedition
pursued
her
;
it
so
fell
out
(
for
such
〈…〉
good
fortune
)
that
the
light
upon
some
Country
〈◊〉
that
were
removing
their
corn
from
the
field
into
the
〈◊〉
(
for
it
was
then
harvest
)
whom
she
humbly
besought
,
to
be
her
protectors
from
rape
,
and
the
preservers
of
her
〈◊〉
:
they
having
commiseration
of
her
youth
and
〈◊〉
(
both
which
are
prevailing
Orators
)
hid
her
amongst
the
theaves
,
by
which
the
pursuers
were
disappointed
of
their
purpose
,
and
being
at
a
losse
,
over
run
the
game
they
chased
.
Amongst
these
honest
and
simple
people
she
lived
for
a
time
retired
and
unknown
,
till
the
solemnity
of
a
great
feast
day
,
which
the
B●oetians
called
Pam●oe●tia
,
at
which
there
was
customably
a
mighty
confluence
of
people
of
all
sorts
and
degrees
,
from
the
highest
to
the
lowest
.
To
this
Feast
she
came
,
which
was
then
celebrated
in
the
City
Coranea
,
and
prostrating
her selfe
before
the
Altar
of
Itonia
Minerva
,
in
the
face
of
that
great
congregation
,
complained
of
the
murder
of
her
father
,
capitulating
all
their
insolencies
and
her
own
injuries
;
which
she
did
with
such
feeling
words
and
passionate
tears
,
that
she
not
only
attracted
the
eies
of
every
one
to
behold
,
but
moved
the
hearts
of
all
to
pity
;
which
perceiving
,
and
how
the
multitude
was
affected
towards
her
,
she
gave
to
every
of
the
murderers
a
particular
nomination
,
both
of
the
families
from
whence
they
came
,
and
the
places
where
they
had
then
their
residence
.
The
rioters
this
hearing
,
and
finding
how
the
people
were
animated
and
incens'd
against
them
,
they
fled
to
Orchomenus
,
but
were
not
there
admitted
,
but
excluded
from
forth
the
gates
;
from
thence
they
fled
to
Hippota
(
a
small
City
neer
Hellicon
,
scituate
betwixt
the
Thebanes
and
the
Corineans
)
and
were
there
received
.
To
them
the
Thebans
sent
,
that
these
murderers
and
ravishers
might
be
surrendred
up
to
their
justice
.
But
being
deni'd
,
they
with
other
Booetians
made
an
expedition
against
them
;
of
which
forces
,
Phaedus
then
Pretor
amongst
the
T●ebans
,
was
made
Captain
:
the
City
Hippota
was
bravely
besieged
and
assaulted
,
so
likewise
as
resolutely
defended
;
but
number
prevailing
,
they
were
compelled
to
yield
themselves
with
their
City
.
The
murderers
now
surprized
,
they
were
condemned
to
be
stoned
to
death
,
and
had
the
execution
of
their
judgement
:
the
rest
of
the
Hippotenses
were
brought
under
bondage
and
made
slaves
,
their
wals
and
houses
demolished
to
the
earth
,
their
fields
and
possessions
being
equally
distributed
betwixt
the
Thebans
and
the
Corineans
.
It
is
said
that
the
same
night
before
the
surrender
of
the
City
,
that
a
voice
was
often
heard
to
call
aloud
from
Helicon
,
Adsum
,
Adsum
,
i.
I
am
here
,
I
am
here
,
which
the
thirty
suitors
affirmed
to
be
the
voice
of
Phocus
;
as
likewise
the
same
day
of
their
executions
,
and
at
the
instant
when
they
were
stoned
,
saffron
was
seen
to
distill
out
of
a
monument
which
was
erected
in
the
City
Glisantes
.
Phaedus
being
newly
returned
from
the
●ight
,
a
messenger
brought
him
newes
of
a
young
daughter
that
day
born
,
whom
for
omens
sake
he
caused
to
be
called
Nicostrate
.
The
wives
of
Cabbas
and
of
Phai●lus
.
A
Preposterous
thing
,
Thou
rascall
,
Dost
thou
not
know
that
I
sleep
only
to
Mecenas
?
A
basenesse
better
becomming
some
Jeaster
or
Buffoon
,
then
the
noble
name
of
a
Roman
.
In
the
City
of
Argis
grew
a
contention
betwixt
Nicostratus
and
Phaillus
,
about
the
management
of
the
Common-weal
,
Philip
of
Macedon
,
the
father
of
Alexander
,
comming
then
that
way
;
Phaillus
having
a
beautifull
young
wife
(
one
esteemed
for
the
very
Paragon
of
the
City
)
and
knowing
the
disposition
of
the
King
to
be
addicted
to
all
voluptuousnesse
(
and
that
such
choice
beauties
,
and
to
be
so
easily
come
by
,
could
not
lightly
escape
his
hands
)
presently
apprehends
,
that
the
prostitution
of
his
wife
might
be
a
present
Ladder
for
him
to
climb
to
the
principality
,
and
have
the
entire
government
of
the
City
:
Which
Nicostratus
suspecting
,
and
many
times
walking
before
his
gates
(
to
observe
the
passage
of
the
house
within
)
he
might
perceive
Phaillus
fitting
his
wives
feet
with
rich
embroidered
Pantoffes
,
jewels
about
her
haire
,
rings
on
her
fingers
,
bracelets
about
her
wrists
,
and
carkanets
upon
her
arm
,
in
a
Macedonian
vesture
,
and
a
covering
upon
her
in
the
manner
of
a
hat
,
which
was
onely
lawfull
for
the
Kings
themselves
to
wear
:
And
in
this
manner
habited
like
one
of
the
Kings
Pages
,
but
so
disguised
,
that
she
was
scarce
known
of
any
;
he
submitted
her
to
the
King
.
There
are
too
many
in
our
age
,
that
by
as
base
steps
would
mount
to
honour
;
I
could
wish
all
such
to
carry
the
like
brand
to
posterity
.
Chloris
was
the
daughter
of
Amphion
,
Helena
was
first
●avished
by
Theseus
,
and
afterwards
by
Paris
,
she
had
these
suitors
,
Antiochus
,
Ascalaphus
,
Ajax
Oeleus
,
Antimachus
,
Aeceus
,
Blanirus
,
Agapenor
,
Ajax
Telamonius
,
Clyrius
Cyanaeus
,
Patroclus
,
Diomedes
,
Penelaeus
,
Phaemius
,
Nyraeus
,
Poly●●tes
,
Elephenor
,
Fumetus
,
St●nelus
,
Tlepolemus
,
Protesilaus
,
Podalyrius
,
Euripilus
,
Idom●naeus
,
Telio●es
,
Tallius
,
Polyxe●us
,
Protus
,
Menestaeus
,
Machaon
,
Thoas
,
Vlysses
,
Philippus
,
Meriones
,
M●ges
,
Philocletes
,
Laeonteus
,
Talpius
,
Prothous
:
but
she
was
possessed
by
〈◊〉
.
Auge
Hercules
,
Telephus
,
because
he
was
nursed
by
a
Hart
which
sed
him
with
her
milk
;
they
called
the
son
of
Meleager
,
Parthenopaeus
,
of
the
mountain
.
Auge
fearing
her
fathers
displeasure
,
fled
into
Moesia
to
King
Te●thrus
,
who
for
her
beauties
sake
(
having
himselfe
no
children
)
adopted
her
his
heire
.
These
following
are
the
fi●ty
fair
daughters
of
Danaeus
,
Antimachus
;
Philomela
,
Pantheus
;
Scilla
,
P●oteus
;
Philomone
,
Plexippus
;
Euippe
,
Agenor
;
Demoditas
,
Chrysippus
;
Hyale
▪
Perius
;
Trite
,
Enceladus
;
Damone
,
Amintor
,
Hypothoe
,
Obrimus
;
Mirmidone
,
Mineus
;
Euridice
,
Canthus
;
Cleo
,
Asterius
;
Arcania
,
Xanthus
;
Cleopatra
,
Metalces
;
Philea
,
Phylinas
;
Hyparite
,
Protheon
;
Chrysothemis
,
Asterides
;
Pyraule
,
Athamas
;
her
name
is
lost
that
slew
Armoasbus
;
Glaucipp●
,
Niavius
;
Demophile
,
Pamphilus
;
Antodice
,
Clytus
,
Polyxena
,
Egyptus
;
Hecabe
,
Driantes
;
Achemantes
,
Echominus
;
Arsalle
,
Ephialtes
;
Monuste
,
Euristhenes
;
Amimone
,
Medamus
;
Helice
,
Evideus
;
Amoeme
,
Polydector
;
Polybe
,
Iltonomus
;
Helicta
,
Cassus
,
Electra
,
Hyperantus
;
Eubule
,
Demarchus
;
Daplidice
,
Pugones
;
Hero
,
Andromachus
;
Europone
,
Atlites
;
Pyrantis
,
Plexippus
;
Critomedi●
,
Antipaphus
;
Pyrene
,
Dolychus
;
Eupheno
,
Hyperbius
;
Themistagora
,
Podasi●us
;
Palaeno
,
Ariston
;
Itaea
,
Antilochus
;
Erate
,
Endemon
;
Hyp●●●●nestra
was
the
only
Lady
that
in
that
great
slaughter
spa●ed
her
husband
Lyncaeus
.
What
should
I
speak
of
Antigona
,
the
sister
of
Polynices
;
Electra
,
the
daughter
of
Clytemne●t●a
;
Herm●●ne
of
Heten
.
Polyxena
of
Hecuba
,
Iphigenia
of
Agameniaon
;
Erigone
,
Merope
,
Proserpina
,
Amimone
,
Oenone
,
Calis●e
;
Alope
,
the
daughter
of
Cercyon
,
and
Theophane
of
Bysaltis
,
both
stuprated
by
Neptune
;
Theonoe
and
Zeutippe
,
the
daughters
of
Thestor
;
Chione
,
otherwise
called
Phil●nide
,
the
daughter
of
Dedalion
;
Coramis
,
the
daughter
of
Phlegia
,
adulterated
by
Apollo
;
Nictimine
,
comprest
by
her
father
Epopeus
?
The
very
Index
or
Catalogue
of
whose
names
only
,
without
their
histories
,
would
ask
a
Volume
.
For
their
number
,
I
will
refer
you
to
Ovid
in
his
first
book
de
A●te
Amandi
.
Gargara
quot
s●getes
,
&c.
Thick
as
ripe
ears
in
the
Gargarian
fields
,
As
many
green
boughs
as
Methimna
yeelds
,
F●sh
,
Foule
,
or
Stars
,
in
Sea
,
Air
,
Heaven
;
there
be
So
many
pretty
wenches
(
Rome
)
in
thee
.
Aeneas
[
*
](A43596-e97420-b)
*
Venus
.
mother
is
still
lov'd
and
fear'd
In
that
great
City
,
which
her
son
first
rear'd
.
If
only
in
young
girls
thou
do'st
rejoice
,
There
's
scarce
one
house
but
it
affoords
thee
choice
:
If
in
new-married
wives
;
but
walk
the
street
,
And
in
one
day
thou
shalt
with
thousands
meet
:
Or
if
in
riper
years
;
but
look
before
,
Where
ere
thou
go'st
,
thou
shalt
find
Matrons
store
.
If
then
one
City
,
and
at
one
time
,
could
affoord
such
multiplicity
of
all
ages
and
degrees
;
how
many
by
that
computation
,
may
we
reckon
from
the
beginning
,
amongst
all
the
nations
of
the
world
?
I
doubt
not
then
,
but
this
draught
of
water
,
fetch'd
from
so
vast
a
fountain
,
may
at
least
cool
the
palate
,
if
not
quench
the
thirst
of
the
insatiate
Reader
.
Manto
.
ZEbalia
,
a
man
whose
birth
ranked
him
in
the
file
of
nobility
,
being
emploied
upon
service
in
the
Turkish
wars
,
brought
with
him
his
most
estimated
and
greatest
treasure
,
his
deerest
spouse
stiled
Manto
.
But
he
dying
in
the
crimson
bed
of
honour
,
the
sinister
hand
of
war
gave
her
into
the
captivity
of
Bassa
Jonuses
;
who
beholding
with
admiration
a
creature
of
so
divine
a
feature
,
was
(
though
her
conqueror
)
taken
captive
by
her
beauty
:
who
having
put
her
vertue
to
the
Test
,
found
it
to
parallel
,
if
not
out
shine
her
form
.
Wherefore
being
covetous
to
engros●
so
rich
a
booty
to
himselfe
,
he
took
her
to
wife
,
bestowing
on
her
a
more
honourable
respect
then
on
his
other
wives
and
concubines
,
and
she
likewise
endeavoured
to
meet
his
affection
with
an
answerable
observance
and
obedience
.
This
fervent
and
mutuall
love
continued
long
inviolate
betwixt
them
;
insomuch
,
that
they
were
no
lesse
honoured
for
their
eminence
of
state
,
then
remarkable
for
their
conjugall
affection
:
but
that
cursed
fiend
Jealousie
envying
at
their
admired
sympathy
,
st●aight
usurp●
the
throne
of
reason
,
and
sits
a
predominant
tyrant
in
his
fantastick
brain
;
for
he
grew
so
strangely
jealous
,
that
he
thought
some
one
or
other
to
corrivall
him
,
but
yet
knew
no●
whom
to
●aint
with
any
just
suspicion
,
nay
,
he
would
confesse
that
he
had
not
catcht
the
least
spark
of
loosenesse
from
her
that
might
thus
fire
this
beacon
of
distraction
in
him
.
Briefly
,
his
wife
as
beautifull
in
mind
as
feature
,
wearied
with
his
daily
peevish
humours
,
and
seeing
all
her
studies
aimed
at
his
sole
content
,
were
enterteined
with
neglect
and
insolent
scorn
;
she
resolved
to
leave
him
,
and
secretly
to
flie
into
her
native
Country
:
to
further
which
,
she
unlocks
this
her
secret
intent
,
to
an
Eunuch
of
the
Bassaes
,
giving
him
withall
certain
letters
to
deliver
to
some
friends
of
hers
,
whom
she
purposed
to
use
as
agents
in
the
furtherance
of
her
escape
:
but
he
proving
treacherous
in
the
trust
committed
to
his
charge
,
betrai'd
her
to
her
husband
,
shewing
her
letters
as
testimonies
to
his
allegations
.
The
Bassa
at
this
discovery
swoln
big
with
rage
,
called
her
before
him
,
whom
in
his
desperate
fury
he
immediately
stabbed
with
his
dagger
;
thus
with
the
cause
of
jealousie
taking
away
the
effect
.
But
this
bloody
deed
somewhat
loosened
him
〈◊〉
the
peoples
hearts
,
where
he
before
grew
deeply
and
●●st
rooted
:
nor
did
he
out-run
vengeance
,
for
at
the
last
her
leaden
feet
overtook
him
,
and
in
this
manner
.
Selymus
the
first
,
at
his
departure
from
Cairo
,
his
soldiers
whom
he
there
left
in
garrison
,
made
suit
unto
his
Highnesse
,
That
in
consideration
of
the
great
labours
they
had
already
undergone
,
together
with
the
many
dangers
they
were
hourly
in
expectation
of
,
that
their
wages
might
be
enlarged
;
which
he
granted
,
and
withall
gave
this
Bassa
Jonuses
the
charge
to
see
the
performance
thereof
.
At
last
the
pay
day
came
,
but
their
hopes
proving
abortive
,
the
souldiers
mutined
:
to
conjure
down
which
spirit
of
insurrection
,
messengers
are
dispatched
to
the
Emperor
,
to
certifie
him
of
the
neglective
abuse
of
his
roiall
word
,
and
fear
of
sedition
:
this
newes
overtook
him
at
Larissea
in
Judea
.
Selymus
inraged
at
this
relation
,
sends
for
Bassa
Jonuses
and
examines
the
cause
of
his
neglect
in
such
and
so
weighty
a
charge
;
Jonuses
somewhat
abashed
,
as
being
conscious
(
yet
withall
high-spirited
)
gave
the
Emperour
a
peremptory
answer
;
at
which
being
mightily
incensed
,
he
commanded
his
head
to
be
cut
off
,
which
was
forthwith
done
:
and
thus
justice
suffered
not
innocent
Manto
to
die
unrevenged
.
The
wife
of
Agetus
the
Lacedemonian
.
HErodotus
,
l.
6.
thus
writes
of
this
Lady
,
the
daughter
of
Aleydes
the
Spartan
,
first
wife
to
Agetus
,
and
after
to
the
King
Ariston
.
She
,
of
the
most
deformed
,
became
the
excellentest
amongst
women
.
Her
nurse
to
whose
keeping
she
was
given
(
for
the
parents
were
asham'd
of
their
Issue
)
went
with
her
every
day
to
the
Temple
of
Helena
,
which
stands
in
Therapne
(
neer
to
the
Church
of
Apollo
)
and
kneeling
before
the
Altar
,
besought
the
goddesse
to
commiserate
the
child
,
and
free
her
from
her
native
uglinesse
and
loathsome
deformity
.
Upon
a
time
returning
from
the
Temple
,
a
woman
appeared
to
her
of
a
venerable
aspect
,
and
desired
to
see
what
she
carried
so
tenderly
in
her
arms
:
the
nurse
told
her
it
was
an
infant
,
but
such
an
one
as
she
was
loath
to
shew
,
and
therefore
desired
to
be
excused
,
the
rather
,
because
she
was
enjoined
by
the
parents
not
to
expose
it
to
the
sight
of
any
.
The
more
the
nurse
put
her
off
with
evasions
,
the
more
importunate
the
strange
woman
was
to
behold
it
.
At
length
prevailing
,
she
gently
with
her
hand
stroaked
the
face
of
the
child
,
and
kissing
it
,
thus
said
:
Go
nurse
,
and
bear
her
home
to
her
parents
,
who
shall
in
time
become
the
most
beautifull
of
all
the
Spartan
Ladies
.
From
that
time
forward
,
her
deformity
began
to
fall
away
,
and
a
sweet
grace
and
delightfull
comelinesse
to
grow
as
well
in
face
,
as
every
other
lineament
.
Comming
to
marriage
estate
,
she
was
solicited
by
many
,
but
only
possest
by
Agetus
:
yet
after
,
by
the
craft
of
Ariston
,
she
was
divorced
from
Agetus
,
and
conferred
upon
him
.
Dion
in
Augusto
speaks
of
Terentia
,
Augustus
Caesar
,
who
was
held
to
be
the
most
amiable
and
exquisite
Lady
of
those
daies
.
An
old
Vicar
in
the
Countrie
having
a
wondrous
fair
wench
to
his
daughter
,
When
the
world
was
destroied
in
the
generall
deluge
,
all
save
eight
persons
,
tell
me
,
where
were
the
Vicars
then
?
The
old
man
was
blank
,
the
Gentlemen
smiled
,
and
the
young
man
carried
it
;
so
that
ever
after
the
old
man
took
place
of
the
father
,
and
the
faire
daughter
of
the
mother
.
I
will
only
remember
you
of
a
fair
young
Gentlewoman
,
a
Country
woman
of
mine
,
and
so
conclude
with
my
Fair
ones
.
A
Gallant
newly
come
to
his
lands
,
You
are
he
that
came
a
wooing
to
my
fathers
Mare
:
so
clapt
to
the
Gate
,
and
left
him
,
and
never
after
would
give
him
the
least
entertainment
.
Of
Women
Deformed
.
IT
is
remembred
of
the
Poet
Hypponax
by
Pliny
,
Lib.
36.
cap.
5.
to
be
of
that
unhappy
shape
,
unseemly
presence
,
and
uncomely
countenance
,
so
deformed
both
in
face
and
feature
,
that
he
became
a
generall
scorn
to
all
:
insomuch
,
that
two
famous
Painters
,
Bubulus
and
Anterinus
,
drawing
his
Picture
,
and
setting
it
out
to
sale
,
and
pencil'd
him
in
such
ridiculous
and
unfashionable
manner
,
that
the
Table
begot
laughter
from
all
such
as
passed
by
and
beheld
it
.
Which
Hypponax
hearing
,
he
so
persecuted
the
p●or
Painters
in
his
bitter
lambicks
,
and
invective
Satyrs
,
〈◊〉
despairing
,
they
hanged
themselves
.
Then
blame
me
not
,
if
I
be
sparing
in
ripping
up
the
deformities
of
women
,
lest
〈◊〉
p●●secute
me
as
severely
with
their
railing
tongues
,
as
the
Poet
did
the
Painters
with
his
Satyrical
pen.
It
is
〈…〉
therefore
that
I
desire
to
be
brief
in
.
〈…〉
Anacharsis
the
Philosopher
sitting
〈…〉
(
who
was
a
wondrous
black
and
〈…〉
woman
)
one
of
the
guests
that
sate
with
him
at
the
Table
being
in
his
cups
,
could
not
contain
himselfe
,
but
said
aloud
;
O
Anacharsis
,
you
have
married
a
wife
deformed
enough
:
to
whom
the
Philosopher
(
with
great
modesty
)
replied
;
I
have
indeed
:
But
boy
(
saith
he
,
calling
to
one
that
attended
on
the
Cup
board
)
fill
the
Gentleman
more
wine
,
and
she
will
then
appear
to
him
sufficiently
beautifull
,
more
taunting
his
intempeperance
,
then
be
her
deformity
.
As
Ovid
speaks
of
the
Night
,
so
may
it
be
said
of
Wine
:
Nocte
latent
mendae
—
The
Night
hides
faults
,
the
Midnight
houre
is
blind
,
And
no
mishap'd
deformitie
can
find
.
Martial
,
Lib.
3.
describes
one
Vetustina
:
O●ulo
Philenis
,
semper
altero
plorat
,
Quo
fiat
istud
quaeris
modo
?
Lusca
est
.
Philenis
seems
with
one
eie
st●ll
to
mone
;
Wouldst
thou
the
reason
know
▪
she
hath
but
one
.
I
see
no
cause
why
any
man
should
mock
such
imperfections
as
come
by
nature
:
therefore
I
commend
the
answer
of
a
Gentlewoman
,
who
being
followed
by
a
gallant
at
th●
heels
,
and
seeing
her
to
be
of
an
upright
and
straight
body
,
slender
wasted
,
and
clean
legged
,
he
commended
her
in
his
thoughts
for
an
exceeding
proper
and
well-limb'd
woman
;
who
mending
his
p●ce
to
overtake
her
,
and
spying
her
masked
,
entreated
her
in
〈◊〉
to
unpin
her
mask
,
with
purpose
to
kisse
her
;
but
seeing
her
face
to
be
swarthy
,
and
somewhat
wrinckled
,
and
not
according
to
his
exp●ct●tion
,
answering
to
the
other
parts
of
her
body
:
Mistress
(
saith
he
)
I
〈◊〉
purposed
to
have
begged
a
kisse
of
you
,
had
I
liked
you
before
as
well
as
did
behind
.
Then
Sir
(
quoth
she
)
so
please
you
you
have
leave
to
kisse
me
where
you
best
like
.
The
〈…〉
such
as
have
hooked
Noses
(
those
the
Greeks
call
〈◊〉
)
and
such
they
hold
to
beautifie
the
face
best
,
Thomas
Moor
compiled
his
Epigram
,
which
was
after
this
manner
.
A
lovely
Lasse
,
that
had
a
Roman
nose
,
Meeting
with
Tyndarus
,
he
would
have
kist
her
:
But
when
he
should
have
met
her
at
the
close
,
I
would
(
quoth
he
)
but
can
not
kisse
you
(
sister
)
For
had
not
your
egregi●us
long
Nose
bin
,
I
would
have
kist
your
lips
,
and
not
your
chin
.
The
poor
wencht
blusht
,
and
burnt
with
secret
ire
,
Which
set
her
changing
colour
all
on
flame
,
And
saith
to
him
;
To
furnish
your
desire
,
Since
that
you
fain
would
kisse
,
and
crave
the
same
;
Because
my
Nose
no
more
shall
let
your
will
,
Kisse
where
is
none
,
there
freely
t●ke
your
fill
.
Thus
you
see
the
greatest
schollers
,
and
gravest
men
,
will
sometimes
make
sport
with
the
Muses
.
Many
other
things
there
are
,
which
blast
the
brightest
beauties
,
making
women
loathed
where
they
have
been
most
liked
;
their
number
is
infinite
:
Amongst
many
I
will
give
you
a
taste
of
one
,
borrowed
from
an
Elegy
in
Ovid
(
which
bears
Title
,
Ad
Amicam
)
to
his
Mistresse
,
that
demanded
hire
for
her
prostitution
.
As
fa●r
as
she
that
made
two
husbands
jar
,
Raising
twixt
Troy
and
Greece
a
Ten
years
war
;
As
bright
as
feathered
Laeda
,
great
Joves
rape
;
She
that
was
chang'd
into
a
Swar-like
shape
;
As
faire
as
Amimone
,
even
so
bright
Were
you
my
Mistresse
.
That
which
Poets
write
Of
metamorphos'd
Jove
,
how
oft
love
chang'd
him
,
And
from
his
own
coelestiall
shape
estrang'd
him
,
To
an
Eagle
,
or
a
Bull
;
I
fear'd
lest
he
Would
likewise
from
high
heaven
descend
on
thee
.
I
am
jealous
now
,
my
fear
is
vanisht
,
And
the
hot
ardor
of
Affection
banisht
,
My
fire
is
cool'd
,
reason
re-assumes
his
place
,
And
now
methinks
thou
hast
not
thine
own
face
,
Do'st
thou
demand
why
I
am
chang'd
?
Behold
,
The
cause
I
'll
tell
thee
,
thou
didst
ask
me
gold
;
Thou
look'st
that
for
my
pleasure
I
should
pay
,
And
that
alone
doth
fright
me
still
away
.
Whilst
thou
wert
simple
,
and
in
all
things
kind
,
I
with
thy
sweet
proportion
,
lik'd
thy
mind
:
Thou
now
art
cunning
grown
;
what
hath
that
gain'd
?
Thy
bodies
beauty
by
thy
mind
is
stain'd
,
&c
:
And
after
proceeds
thus
:
Look
on
the
beasts
that
in
the
medows
stray
,
Shall
women
bear
more
savage
minds
then
they
?
What
gifts
do
Kine
from
the
rude
Bull
enforce
?
What
price
demands
the
Mare
of
the
proud
Horse
?
O●
of
the
Ram
,
the
Ewe
?
they
'll
couple
twice
,
Before
they
once
debate
upon
a
price
.
Women
alone
have
learnt
to
bargain
well
,
Their
pleasures
borne
with
them
,
alone
they
sell
;
Al●ne
they
prize
the
night
,
and
at
a
rate
Ch●ss●r
themselves
to
strangers
:
O
vile
state
.
Alone
for
mutu●ll
pastime
,
Coin
they
crave
,
And
ere
they
sport
,
ask
first
,
what
shall
I
have
?
That
which
delighteth
both
,
to
which
both
run
,
And
but
by
joint
assistance
is
not
done
,
The
pleasures
which
we
both
on
even
hand
try
,
Why
should
one
party
sell
,
the
other
buy
?
Why
should
the
sweets
which
we
alike
sustain
,
To
me
be
double
losse
,
thee
double
gain
?
That
which
comes
freely
,
much
by
that
we
set
;
Thou
giv●st
〈◊〉
me
,
and
I
am
still
in
debt
.
The
love
that
's
har'd
,
is
plainly
sold
and
bought
,
Thou
hast
thy
price
,
and
then
I
owe
thee
nought
.
Then
,
O
you
Fair
ones
,
all
such
thoughts
expell
,
What
Nature
freely
gives
you
,
spare
to
sell
:
Let
not
your
bodies
to
base
use
be
lent
,
Goods
lea●dly
got
,
are
ever
loosely
spent
,
&c.
And
which
this
gentle
admonition
,
I
take
leave
as
well
of
the
Fair
,
as
the
deformed
.
Explicit
lib.
quintus
,
Inscriptus
Terpsichore
.
THE
SIXTH
BOOK
inscribed
ERATO
.
Treating
of
Chast
Women
,
and
of
Women
Wantons
.
ERATO
signifies
Love
;
of
which
,
there
are
but
two
kinds
,
that
is
,
the
love
of
Vertue
,
or
of
Vice
:
then
under
what
Muse
could
I
more
properly
patronize
the
Chast
and
the
wanton
?
But
methinks
I
hear
some
of
our
C●iticks
murmure
and
say
,
Whither
doth
this
man
purpose
to
wonder
,
that
hath
lost
his
way
and
gone
too
far
already
?
He
might
do
wel
to
break
off
here
,
and
leave
it
to
some
other
heads
,
either
more
ingeniously
witty
,
or
more
gravely
serious
.
To
such
,
I
make
the
same
answer
that
Bishop
Bonner
did
once
to
Henry
the
eight
.
The
King
of
England
,
and
Francis
,
the
first
of
that
name
,
King
of
France
,
being
at
ods
,
Henry
was
much
incensed
,
and
appointed
Bishop
Bonner
(
his
Embassadour
)
to
debate
with
him
sharply
about
the
designs
then
in
hand
:
who
having
accommodated
all
things
fitting
for
the
journy
,
came
to
take
his
leave
of
the
King
,
his
Master
,
who
uttered
many
bitter
and
disdainfull
words
against
Francis
,
all
tending
to
his
opprobry
and
dishonour
;
and
in
these
terms
(
saith
he
)
deliver
unto
him
thy
Embassie
.
To
whom
Bonner
replied
;
If
it
please
your
majesty
,
if
I
should
give
him
such
harsh
and
despightfull
language
,
and
in
his
own
Court
too
,
he
can
do
no
lesse
then
take
off
my
head
.
Thy
head
(
answered
the
King
)
If
he
do
,
it
is
no
matter
:
but
tell
him
further
,
if
he
dares
to
cut
off
thy
head
,
ten
thousand
of
his
subjects
heads
shall
be
sent
after
it
.
To
whom
Bonner
(
after
some
small
deliberation
)
again
replied
:
But
I
am
doubtfull
(
my
Liege
)
whether
any
of
these
ten
thousand
heads
will
fit
my
shoulders
;
in
that
short
answer
as
well
taxing
the
Kings
rash
fury
,
as
provident
for
his
own
safety
.
With
which
the
King
somewhat
satisfied
,
and
better
considering
with
himselfe
,
delivered
unto
him
a
more
calm
and
milder
Embassie
.
So
,
though
those
heads
may
savour
both
of
more
Judgement
and
Reading
,
I
am
doubtfull
whether
they
could
more
naturally
sute
with
my
own
method
and
stile
,
though
never
so
mean
or
barbarous
:
Therefore
,
Deo
adjuvante
&
Erato
assistente
,
I
proceed
.
Olim
juventutem
nos
strenuam
egimus
.
We
have
been
Strong
,
that
now
Decrepit
are
.
To
whom
the
young
men
in
a
second
quire
answered
:
Fortes
sumus
nos
,
fac
si
vis
periculum
.
We
are
both
Young
,
and
Strong
,
prove
us
who
dare
.
To
them
a
third
tone
the
children
ecchoed
:
Nos
●rimus
his
praestantiore
plurimo
.
With
these
in
Youth
and
Strength
we
shall
compare
.
To
this
three
fold
age
,
I
compare
the
triplicity
of
the
Muses
.
The
first
three
books
are
by
this
,
already
spent
in
your
judgements
:
The
second
three
,
of
which
this
is
the
last
,
are
the
pith
and
strength
of
my
present
work
in
hand
;
to
which
the
three
succeeding
(
though
yet
in
their
infancy
)
I
shall
strive
to
parallel
,
if
not
exeed
the
rest
.
And
first
of
Chastity
.
It
is
reported
of
a
woman
of
L●cena
,
that
a
great
man
sending
her
rich
gifts
to
corrupt
her
chastity
,
she
returned
him
this
answer
,
Whilst
I
was
a
Virgin
,
I
was
taught
to
obey
my
father
,
which
I
accordingly
did
;
and
being
a
wise
,
to
submit
my selfe
to
my
husbands
will
;
if
then
you
desire
any
〈◊〉
at
my
hands
,
get
first
his
consent
,
and
you
shall
after
understand
my
further
pleasure
.
Plutarch
.
in
Lacon
.
〈…〉
those
Lucenaean
Virgins
were
taken
captives
and
〈◊〉
open
market
;
one
of
them
being
cheapned
,
was
demanded
what
she
knew
?
she
answered
,
To
be
faithfull
.
Another
being
asked
if
he
should
buy
her
,
whether
she
would
prove
chast
?
answered
,
Whether
he
bought
her
no
,
she
would
be
chast
howsoever
:
her
master
after
seeking
to
corrupt
her
,
she
slew
her self
,
uttering
these
her
last
words
,
See
what
a
treasure
thou
hast
lost
,
that
knewest
not
my
worth
whilst
thou
wast
possessed
of
me
.
There
have
been
many
men
that
have
left
unto
women
strict
rules
of
Chastity
by
their
examples
.
Saint
Augustine
being
asked
why
he
would
not
suffer
his
own
sister
to
dwel
in
the
h●use
with
him
?
answered
,
Because
such
as
may
converse
with
her
are
not
my
sisters
;
intimating
,
that
all
such
as
would
avoid
the
sin
,
ought
to
shun
the
temptation
:
for
he
was
wont
to
say
,
It
is
not
good
to
look
upon
a
woman
,
it
is
worse
to
converse
with
her
,
but
worst
of
all
to
touch
her
.
Therefore
these
sences
of
ours
that
are
most
subject
to
danger
,
ought
most
to
be
supprest
and
bridled
,
Marul
.
lib.
4.
Capit.
7.
and
Sabin
.
lib
5.
Hierome
repoots
of
the
Abbot
Hylarian
,
That
when
he
found
any
unchast
cogitations
arise
in
his
breast
,
he
would
bear
himselfe
upon
the
bosome
,
as
if
with
blowes
and
buffets
he
would
expell
them
thence
(
and
thus
said
)
I
wil
tame
thee
,
O
Ass
,
that
thou
shalt
no
more
kick
and
spurn
against
me
with
thy
heels
,
I
will
not
henceforth
feed
thee
with
Barley
but
chaff
,
I
will
abate
thy
wantonness
with
hanger
and
thirst
,
I
will
load
thy
back
with
grievous
burdens
,
I
will
inure
thee
to
the
Summers
heat
and
the
Winters
cold
.
After
which
time
he
used
the
spare
diet
of
roots
,
and
the
juice
of
herbs
;
and
these
only
when
necessity
compelled
him
to
eat
:
He
enjoined
himselfe
(
the
time
of
pra●er
excepted
)
to
strict
and
continuall
labour
,
to
encrease
his
appetite
,
but
not
augment
his
diet
.
Therefore
Hierom
against
Lust
,
prescribes
these
three
soveraign
remedies
;
Fast
,
Praier
,
and
hard
Labour
:
The
examples
are
innumerable
,
as
well
amongst
Ethnick
men
,
as
Christians
.
Alexander
supping
with
Antipadres
,
there
was
brought
to
the
table
and
see
just
against
the
King
,
a
wondrous
beautifull
woman
,
as
excellent
in
voice
as
in
face
,
Caelius
lib.
7
cap
27.
tels
us
,
that
so
great
was
the
chastity
of
the
Paduan
women
in
times
past
,
that
not
any
of
them
walked
out
of
their
doors
but
with
their
faces
covered
.
Therefore
Caius
Sulpitius
Galla
sued
a
divorce
against
his
wife
,
because
she
was
met
bare-browed
in
the
streets
,
against
whom
he
thus
pleaded
,
Thou
art
only
to
be
governed
and
guided
by
the
lawes
of
mine
eies
,
thy
beauty
is
to
be
approved
by
them
,
and
to
please
them
alone
,
thou
oughtest
to
adorn
thy self
:
but
to
desire
to
seem
fair
in
the
eies
of
strangers
,
incurs
the
imputation
both
of
susp●tion
and
trespass
.
Negotii
sibi
qui
volet
vim
parare
,
navem
&
mulierem
Hec
duo
sibi
comparato
,
&c.
He
that
is
idle
and
would
businesse
have
,
Let
him
of
these
two
things
himselfe
provide
,
A
Woman
and
a
Ship
:
no
two
things
crave
More
care
or
cost
,
to
suit
the
one
for
pride
,
Th'
other
for
tackles
:
they
are
both
like
fire
.
For
still
the
more
they
have
they
more
desire
.
And
this
I
speak
by
proof
,
from
morn
to
noon
,
Their
labours
and
their
travels
have
no
end
,
To
wash
,
to
rub
,
to
wipe
,
and
when
that
's
done
,
To
strive
(
where
nothing
is
amisse
)
to
mend
:
To
polish
,
and
expolish
,
paint
,
and
stain
,
Vnguents
to
daub
,
and
then
wipe
out
again
,
&c.
Now
what
generall
censures
these
fantastick
garbs
and
meer
importunities
incur
,
if
any
demand
,
I
answer
,
What
lesse
then
weaknesse
of
the
brain
,
or
loosnesse
of
life
:
This
jest
following
though
it
be
old
,
yet
me
thinks
it
is
pity
it
should
die
unremembred
.
A
Gentleman
meeting
in
the
streets
with
a
brave
gallant
wench
and
richly
accommodated
,
seeing
her
walk
with
her
breasts
bare
almost
down
to
the
middle
:
laying
his
hand
upon
them
,
demanded
of
her
in
her
ear
,
whether
that
slesh
were
to
be
sold
,
who
scornfully
answered
,
No
,
to
whom
he
modestly
replied
,
Then
let
me
advise
you
to
shut
up
your
shop
windowes
,
I
will
end
this
monitory
counsell
with
an
Epigram
out
of
Ausonius
,
which
bears
title
of
two
sisters
of
unlike
conditions
:
Delia
nos
miramur
,
&
est
mirabile
quod
tam
Dissimiles
estis
▪
&c.
We
wonder
Delia
,
and
it
strange
appears
,
Thou
and
thy
sister
have
such
censure
past
;
Though
known
a
where
,
the
habit
's
chast
she
wears
Thou
(
save
thy
habit
)
nothing
whorish
hast
:
Though
thou
chast
life
she
hath
chast
habit
sought
,
Her
manners
her
,
thy
Habit
makes
thee
nought
.
In
memory
of
virgi●
cha●tity
,
I
will
cite
you
one
history
out
of
Marullus
,
lib.
4.
cap.
8.
Mary
the
mother
of
Christ
,
was
the
daughter
of
Joachim
,
of
the
Tribe
of
Juda
;
her
mothers
name
was
Anna
,
the
daughter
of
Isachar
,
of
the
Tribe
of
Levi.
Here
(
as
Saint
Hierome
observes
)
is
to
be
noted
,
That
Anna
and
Emeria
were
two
sisters
:
of
Emeria
came
Elizabeth
,
the
mother
of
John
Baptist
:
Mary
Cleophe
,
who
was
married
to
Alphaeus
.
From
them
two
cames
James
the
lesse
(
surnamed
Alphaeus
)
Simon
Cananaeus
,
Judas
Thaddaeus
,
and
Joseph
,
otherwise
called
Barsabas
.
Eus●bius
in
his
Ecclesiasticall
history
,
lib
2.
cap.
2.
saith
,
That
James
the
lesse
was
called
the
brother
of
our
Lord
,
because
he
was
the
brother
of
Joseph
,
the
husband
of
Mary
:
but
his
opinion
is
not
altogether
authenticall
.
Also
Anna
was
espoused
to
Salome
,
and
had
by
him
Mary
Salome
,
after
married
to
Zebedeus
,
and
had
by
him
James
the
greater
,
and
John
the
Evangelist
.
Jos●ph
the
husband
of
Mary
,
was
the
brother
of
Cleophas
.
It
is
also
observed
,
Augustus
Caesar
,
in
the
seventh
month
(
which
is
September
)
in
the
eleventh
day
of
the
Moon
(
which
is
the
four
and
twentieth
day
of
the
month
)
on
a
Thursday
,
Iohn
Baptist
was
conceived
;
and
two
hundred
threescore
and
fifteen
daies
after
,
on
a
Friday
was
born
:
So
that
he
was
the
fore-runner
of
Christ
,
both
in
his
Conception
,
his
Birth
,
his
Baptism
,
his
Preaching
,
and
his
Death
.
A
woman
goeth
with
child
two
hundred
threescore
and
sixteen
daies
(
for
so
long
by
computation
,
was
Christ
in
the
womb
of
the
blessed
Virgin
)
though
all
women
goe
not
so
long
with
child
,
S.
Augustine
observes
,
lib.
4.
de
Civitate
Dei
,
cap.
5.
So
that
Christ
was
longer
in
the
womb
by
a
day
,
and
more
,
then
St
Iohn
Baptist
.
Iohn
also
was
born
when
the
daies
began
to
shorten
and
wane
;
and
Christ
when
they
began
to
wax
long
.
Concerning
these
Antiquities
,
I
conclude
with
a
sentence
of
St
Augustins
:
Against
Reason
(
saith
he
)
no
sober
man
will
dispute
;
against
the
Scripture
,
no
Christian
man
contest
;
and
against
the
Church
,
no
religious
man
oppose
.
And
so
I
proceed
to
the
History
.
Of
Mary
the
blessed
Virgin
.
LEt
it
not
be
held
unnecessary
,
or
appear
out
of
course
,
Iohannes
Wyerius
in
his
book
intituled
de
Praestigi●s
demonum
▪
hath
collected
it
out
of
Suidas
.
Philippus
Argentarius
)
this
Philip
did
often
sollicite
and
exhort
him
to
leave
his
Judaisme
,
and
be
a
convert
,
and
turn
to
the
Christian
religion
:
to
whom
he
answered
,
Indeed
he
must
ingeniously
confesse
,
he
made
no
question
but
that
Jesus
whom
the
Christians
adored
,
was
the
same
Messias
of
whom
the
holy
Prophets
foretold
,
yet
he
could
not
be
perswaded
to
relinquish
the
honours
and
profits
that
he
had
amongst
his
own
Nation
,
and
give
himselfe
up
to
a
name
which
they
knew
not
,
or
at
least
would
not
acknowledge
:
yet
that
he
beleeved
so
of
Christ
,
he
was
not
only
perswaded
by
the
Oracles
of
the
holy
Prophets
,
but
he
found
it
approved
by
a
certain
mystery
,
namely
,
a
writing
most
charily
stil
kept
amongst
the
Jewes
,
in
a
place
most
safe
and
secret
,
where
their
choice
records
with
the
especiallest
care
and
trust
are
reserved
;
which
was
of
this
nature
:
It
was
a
custome
amongst
the
Jewish
Nation
,
at
what
time
the
holy
Temple
was
yet
standing
in
Jerusalem
,
to
have
continually
the
number
of
22
chief
and
selected
Priests
(
just
so
many
as
there
be
letters
in
the
Hebrew
language
,
or
books
of
the
old
Testament
)
and
so
often
as
any
of
these
was
taken
away
by
death
,
immediately
another
was
elected
to
succeed
in
his
place
;
and
being
chosen
(
in
a
book
kept
in
the
treasury
for
that
only
purpose
)
expressly
to
write
down
his
own
name
,
and
the
names
of
both
his
parents
,
with
the
daies
punctually
set
down
of
the
decease
of
the
one
and
the
succession
of
the
other
.
Now
in
the
time
that
Christ
was
conversant
in
Judaea
,
and
yet
had
not
shewed
himselfe
to
the
world
,
nor
preached
the
Word
openly
to
the
people
,
it
hapned
that
one
of
the
Priests
of
the
foresaid
number
died
,
neither
after
many
voices
and
sundry
nominations
was
any
agreed
upon
,
or
thought
fit
to
be
ascribed
into
his
place
.
At
length
was
propounded
JESUS
,
the
son
of
the
Carpenter
Ioseph
(
for
so
they
termed
him
)
a
man
though
young
,
yet
for
the
sanctity
of
his
life
,
his
behaviour
and
doctrine
,
above
all
the
rest
commended
.
This
suffrage
standing
,
as
having
generall
approbation
from
all
,
it
was
convenient
to
send
for
his
mother
(
for
his
father
Ioseph
was
late
dead
)
into
the
Consistory
,
only
to
know
their
names
,
and
to
register
them
in
the
aforesaid
book
.
She
therefore
being
called
,
and
diligently
questioned
of
her
son
and
his
father
,
thus
answered
,
That
indeed
she
was
the
mother
of
JESUS
,
and
brought
him
into
the
world
;
of
which
,
those
women
are
testates
,
that
were
present
at
his
birth
;
but
that
he
had
no
father
from
earth
:
in
which
if
they
desired
to
be
further
instructed
,
she
could
make
it
plainly
appear
:
For
being
a
Virgin
,
and
then
in
Galilee
,
the
Angel
of
God
(
saith
she
)
entred
the
house
where
I
was
,
and
appearing
unto
me
(
not
sleeping
,
but
thus
as
I
am
,
awake
)
he
told
me
,
That
by
the
Holy
Ghost
I
should
conceive
,
and
bring
forth
a
son
,
and
commanded
me
that
I
should
cal
his
name
JESUS
:
Therefore
being
then
a
Virgin
,
by
that
Vision
I
conceived
,
I
brought
forth
JESUS
,
and
I
still
remain
a
Virgin
unto
this
day
.
When
the
〈◊〉
he●●d
,
this
,
they
appointed
faithfull
and
trusty
Midwive●
,
with
all
diligence
and
care
to
make
proof
whether
Mary
were
a
Virgin
or
no
:
they
finding
the
truth
most
app●●ant
and
not
to
be
contradicted
,
delivered
up
to
the
Priests
,
That
she
〈◊〉
Virgin
,
pure
and
immaculate
.
Then
they
sent
for
those
women
that
were
known
to
be
at
her
delivery
,
and
were
witn●sses
of
the
Infants
comming
into
the
world
;
all
which
did
attest
and
justity
▪
That
she
was
the
mother
of
the
same
JESUS
▪
With
these
things
the
Priests
amazed
and
astonished
,
they
presently
entreated
Mary
,
that
she
would
freely
professe
unto
unto
them
what
his
Parents
were
,
that
their
names
(
according
to
custome
)
might
be
registred
amongst
the
others
.
To
whom
the
blessed
Virgin
thus
answered
:
Certain
I
am
,
that
I
brought
him
into
the
world
,
but
know
no
father
that
he
hath
from
the
Earth
;
but
by
the
Angel
it
was
told
me
,
That
he
was
the
son
of
GOD
;
He
therefore
is
the
son
of
GOD
,
and
me
.
This
the
Priests
understanding
,
called
for
the
book
;
which
being
laid
open
before
them
,
they
caused
these
words
to
be
inscribed
:
Upon
such
a
day
deceased
such
a
Priest
,
born
of
such
and
such
Parents
;
in
whose
place
,
by
the
common
and
unite
suffrage
of
us
all
,
is
elected
Priest
,
JESUS
,
the
Son
of
the
living
GOD
,
and
the
Virgin
MARY
.
And
this
book
Theodosius
affirmed
(
by
the
especiall
diligence
of
the
most
noble
amongst
the
Jewes
,
and
the
chiefe
Princes
)
was
reserved
from
the
great
sack
and
destruction
of
the
City
and
Temple
,
and
was
transferred
into
the
City
of
Tiberias
,
and
there
kept
a
long
time
after
.
Suidas
testifies
,
that
he
hath
heard
this
discourse
from
honest
men
,
who
delivered
it
to
him
word
by
word
,
as
they
themselves
have
heard
it
from
the
mouth
of
Philippus
Argentarius
.
This
most
blessed
and
pure
Virgin
Mary
,
the
mother
of
our
Lord
and
Saviour
,
was
born
of
the
holy
Matron
St
Anne
,
in
the
year
of
the
world
,
3948
,
and
in
the
year
before
Christ
,
fifteen
Of
him
,
Claudian
thus
elegantly
writes
in
one
of
his
Epigrams
:
Proles
vera
Dei
,
cunctisque
antiquior
Annis
Nunegenitus
,
qui
semper
eras
—
True
Son
of
God
,
older
then
time
,
that
hast
Thy
birth
but
now
,
yet
from
beginning
wast
,
Author
of
Light
,
and
Light
before
all
other
,
O
thou
that
art
the
parent
of
thy
mother
,
And
by
th●ne
equall-aged
father
sent
From
Heaven
unto
this
terrene
continent
:
Whose
word
was
made
Flesh
,
and
constrain'd
to
dwell
In
the
streight
▪
prison
of
a
Virgins
cell
,
And
in
a
narrow
angle
to
remain
,
Whose
power
,
no
limit
can
,
no
place
contein
;
Who
being
born
,
did'st
now
begin
to
see
All
these
great
works
created
first
by
thee
:
The
work
and
workman
of
thy selfe
not
scorning
T'
obey
those
weary
hours
of
Ev'n
and
Morning
,
Of
which
th'
art
Lord
,
and
tell
each
minute
o'r
,
Made
by
thy
Wisdome
for
mans
use
before
.
And
took'st
on
thee
our
shape
,
only
to
show
To
us
,
that
God
we
did
(
till
then
)
not
know
,
&c.
Petronilla
.
WHen
Peter
the
Apostle
,
had
by
his
faith
cured
all
infirmities
and
diseases
,
and
in
all
places
,
yet
he
suffered
his
daughter
Petronilla
to
be
grievously
afflicted
with
a
Feaver
;
and
being
demanded
,
why
he
that
had
cured
others
,
did
not
help
her
;
he
answered
,
Because
he
knew
her
sicknesse
to
be
most
behoofful
for
her
souls
health
;
for
the
weaker
she
was
in
body
,
she
was
so
much
the
stronger
in
faith
,
setling
her
cogitations
on
the
joies
of
heaven
,
and
not
the
pleasures
of
the
world
,
desiring
of
God
that
she
might
rather
die
a
chast
Virgin
,
then
to
be
the
wife
of
the
Counsull
Flaccus
,
by
whom
she
was
at
that
time
most
earnestly
solicited
:
whose
praier
was
heard
,
for
she
died
of
that
sicknesse
,
and
the
Consull
was
prevented
of
his
purpose
,
who
had
long
insidiated
her
chastity
,
Marul
.
lib
4
cap.
8.
The
like
we
read
of
Hillarius
P●ctaviensis
Episcopus
,
who
having
long
trained
up
his
daughter
App●a
in
chastity
and
sanctity
of
life
,
Maria
Aegyptiaca
,
lived
the
life
of
an
Hermit
in
the
solitude
of
an
unfrequented
desart
:
some
write
of
her
,
that
as
aften
as
she
was
seen
to
pray
,
she
seemed
to
be
lifted
up
from
the
Earth
into
the
Aire
,
the
height
of
a
cubit
.
Edward
Hall
,
John
Leisland
,
John
Sleyden
,
and
others
,
of
S.
Ebbe
,
Abbesle
of
Collingham
,
That
to
preserve
her
own
and
her
sisters
chastities
,
and
keep
their
vowes
inviolate
(
because
they
would
seem
odible
to
the
Danes
,
who
had
done
many
outrages
both
against
Law
and
Religion
,
and
then
tyrannized
in
the
Land
)
she
cut
off
her
own
nose
and
upper
lip
,
and
perswaded
all
the
other
Nuns
to
do
the
〈◊〉
:
for
wh●●h
act
,
the
Danes
burnt
the
Abby
,
with
all
the
〈…〉
Fulgos
.
lib.
4.
cap.
3.
speaks
of
Ildegunda
,
Baldraca
was
a
Virgin
,
Saxo
Grammaticus
writes
of
Serytha
,
the
daughter
of
Synaldus
King
of
the
Danes
,
to
be
of
that
modesty
,
that
when
the
fame
of
her
beauty
had
attracted
a
confluence
of
many
suitors
to
the
Court
of
her
father
,
yet
she
could
never
be
won
either
to
converse
with
,
or
so
much
as
to
look
upon
any
of
them
.
Herac●ius
▪
who
when
her
father
Hagerticus
,
and
her
mother
Leodegunda
would
have
compell'd
her
to
marry
she
fell
into
that
exces●e
of
weeping
,
that
with
the
extraordinary
flax
of
●eares
she
grew
blind
soon
after
.
Benedictus
Varchius
hath
left
this
memory
in
one
of
his
Epigrams
:
Perderet
intactum
ne
Virgo
Etrusca
pudorem
In
rapidas
sese
praecipitavit
aquos
,
&c.
The
Hetrurian
Girl
,
her
honour
still
to
keep
,
Precipitates
her selfe
into
the
deep
;
And
from
the
bottom
three
times
being
cast
Vp
into
th'
air
,
as
loth
that
one
so
chast
Should
there
be
swallow'd
,
she
as
oft
sinks
down
Her
modest
face
,
her
martyrdome
to
crown
,
And
shame
the
lustfull
world
.
What
shall
we
say
Of
the
chast
Lucrece
,
famous
to
this
day
?
She
for
one
death
,
is
call'd
the
Romans
pride
;
To
save
her
Fame
,
this
Tuscan
three
times
di'd
.
Bernardus
Scandeonus
,
lib.
3.
Classe
34.
Histor.
Patavinae
,
writes
,
that
when
Maximilian
the
Emperor
made
spoil
of
the
Paduan
territories
,
divers
of
the
Country
people
leaving
the
villages
empty
,
fled
into
the
City
;
amongst
whom
was
one
Isabella
,
Ravis
.
in
Officin
.
The
like
is
reported
of
〈…〉
,
Parthen
.
de
Amator
.
Theodor.
Flaietes
in
Eleg.
and
Philarchus
,
lib.
15.
Of
Chast
Wives
.
AN
excellent
president
of
Chastity
was
that
in
Rhodogune
,
Baptista
Pius
,
lib.
2.
Elegiar
.
C●
.
Pompeius
,
and
his
Army
quite
dissipate
and
overcome
,
she
followed
him
(
flying
)
through
many
barbarous
Nations
,
where
her
life
and
safety
were
in
hourly
hazard
;
and
these
she
enterprized
with
a
mind
undaunted
,
and
a
body
unwearied
,
her
faith
and
loialty
in
all
his
extremities
being
to
him
no
small
solace
and
comfort
:
for
though
an
Exile
(
being
still
in
the
society
of
his
Queen
and
bed
fellow
)
he
imagined
hims●lfe
(
in
what
place
soever
he
reposed
)
to
have
been
in
his
own
palace
,
and
amongst
his
houshold
gods
.
Of
Penelope
.
THE
beauty
of
Penelope
attracted
a
number
of
suitors
,
who
from
divers
Countries
came
to
adulterate
the
bed
of
▪
Vlysses
.
From
D●lichim
came
two
and
fifty
,
from
Samos
four
and
twenty
,
from
Xacynthus
twenty
,
from
Ithaca
two
and
twenty
;
of
which
,
these
are
nominated
by
Homer
:
Antinous
,
Eurinous
,
Eurimachus
,
Leocritus
,
Neso
,
Pysander
,
Hesippus
,
Agatus
,
Leocles
,
Ampinomus
,
Demotholomaeus
,
Medon
,
a
common
Crier
,
Euphemus
a
Minstrel
,
and
Irus
a
Beggar
;
all
which
,
Vlysses
(
at
his
return
from
his
years
travels
)
slew
in
his
own
house
.
Some
of
these
,
Ovids
Penelope
reckons
up
in
these
verse
:
Dulichii
,
Samiique
,
&
quos
tulit
alta
Xacinthus
,
&c.
Dulichium
,
Samos
,
and
Xacinthus
Hill
,
Throng
me
with
troops
of
wanton
suitors
still
:
What
should
I
speak
to
thee
of
Medon
fell
?
Of
Polibus
,
or
of
Pysander
tell
?
What
of
Antinous
giddy
head
deplore
,
Covetous
Eurimachus
,
and
others
more
?
These
in
thine
absence
cannot
be
withstood
,
But
still
thou
feed'st
them
with
thy
wealth
and
blood
:
The
Begger
Irus
and
Melanthius
too
,
The
Herdsman
,
&c.
And
since
we
are
in
the
history
of
Penelope
,
Phaemius
the
Harper
to
the
boord
invited
,
Where
the
bold
suitors
bid
themselves
to
feast
,
A
dolefull
song
to
a
sad
tune
recited
:
Of
th'
Argive
fleet
in
their
return
distrest
,
And
cast
in
sundrie
exiles
:
on
what
coast
Such
men
miscarry
,
where
such
Princes
perish
,
Vpon
what
rocks
and
shelves
such
ships
were
tost
:
Him
,
whil'st
Penelope
,
bold
suitors
cherish
,
The
discontented
Queen
,
with
Prayers
,
and
Tears
,
Wils
him
desist
:
the
Harper
soon
forbears
.
But
to
leap
from
the
first
,
to
the
seventeenth
book
,
and
to
omit
all
Vlysses
travels
and
adventures
,
till
his
meeting
with
his
son
Telemachus
,
who
brought
him
into
his
own
Court
in
the
disguise
of
a
begger
,
to
see
what
revels
were
kept
there
in
his
absence
;
Known
only
to
his
son
and
his
friend
Eumaeus
,
and
not
yet
to
Penelope
.
Jam
Caelum
roseis
rutilat
Tritonia
bigis
.
And
so
much
,
the
better
to
illustrate
the
History
of
Penelope
.
Capanaeus
being
dead
,
at
the
celebration
of
his
funerals
,
his
wife
Evadne
cast
her selfe
into
the
flames
,
A●serit
Evadne
flammis
injecta
mariti
.
Of
no
lesse
fame
was
Laodamia
,
Sophronia
Romana
,
by
some
called
Christiana
,
by
others
Lucretia
;
when
she
could
no
longer
put
off
the
importunities
of
the
Prince
Decius
,
having
before
besought
the
consent
of
her
husband
,
slew
her selfe
.
As
great
an
honour
to
her
family
was
Antonia
,
Q.
Curtius
lib.
1.
remembers
us
of
one
Timoclea
a
Lady
of
Thebes
,
Brasilla
Dyrrachina
a
prime
Lady
,
as
Ludovic
.
Viues
lib.
1.
de
Instit.
Tem.
Christian
,
relates
,
being
taken
prisoner
,
and
seeing
an
immediat
shipwrack
of
her
chastity
threatned
by
her
cruell
victor
:
she
covenanted
with
him
,
that
if
he
would
but
reprieve
her
honour
for
the
present
,
she
would
give
him
an
herb
,
with
whose
juice
if
he
would
annoint
any
part
of
his
body
,
it
should
preserve
it
wound-free
.
The
souldier
accepts
of
the
condition
;
she
from
a
neighbour
garden
plucking
up
the
weed
that
came
next
to
hand
,
with
the
sap
or
moisture
thereof
,
annoints
her
own
neck
and
throat
,
bidding
him
to
draw
out
his
sword
and
make
triall
of
her selfe
,
whether
she
kept
not
with
him
faithfull
covenant
.
The
souldier
giving
cr●dit
to
her
words
,
in
regard
of
her
constancy
and
courage
,
with
one
strong
blow
dispatched
her
or
life
.
O
resolute
and
Noble
Lady
saith
Nicephorus
,
lib.
7.
cap.
15
to
prefer
death
before
the
losse
of
her
honour
.
Francis
Sforza
,
Prince
of
Mediol●num
,
being
Generall
of
the
Florentine
Army
,
Fulgos
.
lib
4
cap.
3.
Anastatia
Conflantinopolitana
,
when
Theodora
Augusta
was
jealous
,
that
she
was
not
beloved
of
her
husband
Justinianus
Augustus
,
and
having
to
that
purpose
received
some
taunting
words
from
the
Emperesse
,
to
approve
her
innocencie
,
she
fled
both
to
Court
and
City
,
and
retired
her selfe
into
Alexandria
,
where
she
lived
obscured
in
the
society
of
certain
chast
Virgins
:
But
after
,
hearing
of
the
death
of
Theodora
▪
her
fears
were
not
diminished
but
augmented
,
for
the
Emperors
love
appeared
to
her
a
greater
burden
then
the
hate
of
the
Empresse
;
therefore
to
avoid
that
which
many
would
have
sought
with
greedinesse
,
she
changed
her
habit
,
and
taking
the
shape
of
a
young
man
upon
her
,
fled
into
the
furthest
part
of
Aegypt
,
called
by
the
name
of
Anastasius
;
where
she
lived
privately
,
austerely
,
and
ended
her
chast
life
in
great
sanctity
.
Hieronym
.
writes
,
that
Paula
Romana
,
Aenaeus
Silus
relates
of
her
,
that
her
husband
being
dead
,
when
divers
perswaded
her
to
continue
still
in
her
widdowhood
,
proposing
unto
her
,
that
wamen
ought
to
imitate
the
Turtles
,
who
if
one
be
taken
away
by
death
,
the
other
will
never
chuse
other
mate
,
but
devote
her selfe
to
perpetuall
chastity
?
thus
answered
,
If
you
have
none
else
to
bid
me
imitate
but
birds
that
have
no
reason
,
why
do
you
not
as
well
propose
me
for
example
the
Doves
or
the
Sparrowes
?
As
contrary
again
to
her
was
the
daughter
of
Demotian
Prince
of
the
Areopagitae
,
who
no
sooner
heard
that
her
husband
Leosthenes
was
stain
in
the
Lamick
warre
,
but
instantly
slew
her selfe
,
lest
she
should
survive
a
second
marriage
.
Others
there
be
that
have
kept
a
viduall
chastity
even
in
wedlock
.
The
Virgin
Edeltrudis
,
Marullus
l.
4.
cap.
8.
saith
)
she
lived
a
more
secure
,
but
not
a
more
chast
life
.
Infinite
to
this
purpose
are
remembred
by
Fulgosius
,
Marullus
,
Albertus
Cranzius
,
&c.
as
of
Maria
Desegnies
,
Margarita
Aegypta
,
Cecilia
Virgo
,
K●n●gunda
Augusta
wife
to
Henry
of
that
name
the
first
Emperor
.
〈◊〉
espoused
to
Julianus
Anti●chenus
,
Stamberga
the
Niece
of
clo●ovius
,
married
to
Arnulphus
a
noble
Frenchman
.
〈◊〉
and
others
without
number
(
which
is
somewhat
difficult
〈…〉
wedded
,
bended
,
boarded
,
lien
and
lived
together
,
yet
went
as
pure
Virgins
to
their
graves
as
they
came
first
to
their
●●adles
.
Of
these
I
may
say
as
Ovid
〈…〉
.
〈…〉
〈…〉
〈…〉
〈…〉
〈…〉
〈…〉
Sh'
abhorr'd
the
nuptiall
bed
▪
and
held
it
sin
,
With
modest
blushes
did
the
tender
skin
Of
her
fair
cheek
;
then
to
her
father
growes
,
And
her
white
arms
about
his
neck
she
throwes
,
And
saith
,
Deer
Sir
,
this
one
thing
grant
your
child
,
That
I
may
live
from
lustfull
man
exil'd
,
A
voteresse
.
〈◊〉
Diana
this
desired
,
And
from
her
father
had
what
she
required
.
I
will
produce
one
history
or
two
at
the
most
from
our
modern
Histories
,
and
so
cease
further
to
speak
of
our
married
Virgins
.
Godwin
▪
●nd
for
the
feare
of
hazarding
his
life
and
Kingdome
,
Edward
was
compelled
by
threats
and
menaces
to
the
〈◊〉
of
Editha
.
Moreover
,
Polidore
〈◊〉
,
That
for
the
ha●e
he
bore
her
father
(
who
had
not
long
before
most
tr●iterously
slain
his
brother
Alphred
)
he
caused
himselfe
to
be
divorced
from
her
,
seizing
her
goods
and
dower
to
his
own
use
and
pleasure
.
Ranulphus
,
and
one
that
〈◊〉
himselfe
Anonymos
(
as
willing
to
conceal
his
name
)
say
,
That
she
was
disrobed
of
all
her
Queen-like
honours
,
and
confined
into
the
Abbey
of
Warnwel
,
with
only
one
maid
to
attend
her
,
and
so
committed
to
the
strict
custody
of
the
Abb●sse
.
William
of
Mal●sbury
,
and
Marianus
Scotus
have
left
remembred
,
That
he
neither
dismissed
her
his
bed
,
nor
carnally
knew
her
;
but
whether
it
was
done
in
hatred
to
her
Kindred
,
or
purpose
of
chastity
,
they
are
not
able
to
determine
.
Robert
Fabian
confesseth
as
much
in
his
Chronicle
,
Part.
6.
cap.
210.
Howsoever
,
the
effects
of
that
abstemious
life
were
not
only
prejudiciall
,
but
brought
lamentable
effects
upon
this
distracted
Kingdome
,
namely
,
Innovation
and
Conquest
:
for
Edward
dying
without
issue
,
England
was
invaded
and
opprest
by
the
Normans
,
and
the
people
brought
to
that
miserie
,
that
happy
was
that
subject
that
could
say
,
I
am
no
Englishman
.
And
in
this
,
agree
Matthew
Paris
,
Capgrave
,
Fabian
,
and
Polydore
.
As
I
hold
it
not
necessary
for
married
folk
to
tie
themselves
to
this
strict
kind
of
abstinence
,
so
I
hold
it
not
convenient
for
any
such
as
have
to
themselves
,
and
in
their
souls
,
taken
upon
them
the
strict
life
of
Virginity
▪
to
be
compelled
to
an
enforced
marriage
;
as
may
appea●●y
this
discourse
following
,
recorded
by
Gulielm
.
●●●sburien
Simeon
Danelmens
.
Matthew
Paris
,
Roger
Hoved●●
,
Capgrave
,
&c.
Henry
the
first
of
that
name
,
King
of
England
,
and
crowned
in
the
year
of
Grace
,
1101
,
was
by
the
instigation
of
Anselm
(
once
a
Monk
of
Normandy
,
but
after
by
William
Ru●us
constituted
Archbishop
of
Canterbury
)
married
unto
Maud
,
Thomas
Becket
to
the
slain
;
it
thus
hapned
:
All
forreign
wars
being
past
,
and
civill
combustions
being
pacified
,
in
the
year
of
our
Lord
1120
▪
Henry
the
first
with
great
joy
and
triumph
left
Normandy
,
and
came
into
England
.
But
within
few
daies
following
,
this
great
mirth
and
jollity
turned
into
a
most
heavy
and
fearfull
sorrow
;
for
William
and
Richard
(
his
two
sons
)
with
Mary
his
daughter
,
Otwell
their
〈◊〉
and
Guardian
,
Richard
Earl
of
Chester
,
with
the
Countesse
his
wife
,
the
Kings
Neece
,
many
Chaplains
,
Chamberlains
,
Butlers
and
Servitors
(
for
so
they
are
tearmed
in
the
story
)
the
Archdeacon
of
Hereford
;
the
Princes
play-fellowes
,
Sir
Geffrey
Rydell
,
Sir
Robert
Maldvyle
,
Sir
William
Bygot
,
with
other
Lords
,
Knights
,
Gentlemen
,
great
Heirs
,
Ladies
,
and
Gentlewomen
(
to
the
number
of
an
hundred
and
forty
)
besides
Yeomen
and
Mariners
(
which
were
about
fifty
;
all
these
saving
one
man
,
which
some
say
was
a
Butcher
)
were
all
drowned
together
,
and
not
one
of
their
bodies
ever
after
found
.
Many
attribute
this
great
Judgement
to
the
heavy
curse
of
Queen
Maud
,
others
censure
of
it
diversly
:
Howsoever
,
in
this
King
(
as
Polydore
saith
)
ended
the
Descent
and
Line
of
the
Normans
.
Of
this
Anselm
(
before
spoken
of
)
there
are
divers
Epistles
(
yet
extant
)
to
many
women
,
in
those
daies
reputed
of
great
Temperance
and
Chastity
:
as
,
To
Sister
Frodelina
,
Sister
Ermengarda
,
Sister
Athelytes
,
Sister
Eulalia
,
Sister
Mabily
,
and
Sister
Basyle
;
To
Maud
Abbesse
of
Cane
in
Normandy
;
and
Maud
,
the
Abbesse
of
Walton
here
in
England
.
He
writ
a
Treatise
about
the
same
time
,
called
Planctus
amissae
Virginitatis
,
i.
e.
A
bewailing
of
lost
Virginity
.
So
far
John
Bale
▪
And
so
much
shall
serve
for
Chast
wives
in
this
kind
,
being
loth
to
tire
the
patience
of
the
Reader
.
Of
Women
Wantons
.
DIon
the
Historiographer
in
Tiberio
,
saith
,
that
Livia
the
wife
of
Augustus
Caesar
beholding
men
naked
,
said
to
the
rest
about
her
;
That
to
continent
and
chast
matrons
,
such
objects
differed
nothing
from
statues
or
images
;
for
the
modest
heart
with
immodest
sights
,
ought
not
to
be
corrupted
.
The
unchast
eie
more
drawes
the
poison
of
sin
from
beauty
,
which
is
Gods
excellent
workmanship
,
from
which
the
chast
and
contrite
heart
derives
the
Creators
praise
and
glory
.
But
my
hope
is
,
that
in
exposing
unto
your
view
,
the
histories
of
these
faire
Wantons
,
you
will
look
upon
them
(
should
I
strip
them
never
so
naked
)
with
the
eies
of
Lyvia
,
that
is
,
to
hold
them
but
as
beautifull
statues
,
or
like
Apelles
his
woman
,
no
better
then
a
picture
of
white
Marble
.
I
have
heard
of
a
man
that
living
to
the
ago
of
threescore
and
ten
,
had
led
so
austere
a
life
,
that
in
all
that
in
all
that
time
he
never
touched
the
body
of
a
woman
,
and
had
proposed
to
himselfe
to
carry
that
virginall
vow
with
him
to
his
grave
;
but
at
length
being
visited
with
sicknesse
,
and
having
a
fair
estate
purchased
with
his
small
charge
and
great
husbandry
,
and
therefore
willing
to
draw
out
the
thread
of
his
life
to
what
length
he
could
,
he
sent
to
demand
the
counsell
of
the
Physitians
;
who
having
well
considered
the
estate
of
his
body
,
all
agreed
in
this
,
that
since
the
Physick
of
the
soul
belonged
not
to
them
,
but
only
the
physick
of
the
body
,
they
would
freely
discharge
their
duties
;
and
indeed
told
him
,
that
his
p●esent
estate
was
dangerous
,
and
they
found
but
only
one
way
in
art
for
his
cure
and
recovery
,
which
was
in
plain
terms
,
To
use
the
company
of
a
woman
,
and
so
took
their
leaves
and
left
him
to
consider
of
it
.
Loath
was
the
old
man
to
lose
his
Virginity
which
he
had
kept
so
long
,
but
more
loath
to
part
with
his
life
,
which
he
desired
to
keep
yet
longer
;
and
having
meditated
with
himselfe
from
whom
he
was
to
depart
,
and
what
to
leave
behind
him
;
namely
,
his
possessions
,
his
monie
,
his
neighbours
,
friends
,
and
kindred
,
and
whether
he
was
to
remove
,
to
the
cold
and
comfortlesse
grave
;
he
resolved
with
himselfe
to
prolong
the
comfort
of
the
first
,
and
delay
(
as
long
as
he
could
)
the
fear
of
the
last
:
Therefore
he
resolved
rather
then
to
be
accessory
to
the
hastning
his
own
death
,
to
take
the
counsell
of
the
doctors
.
It
was
therefore
so
ordered
by
some
that
were
about
him
,
that
the
next
night
a
lusty
young
wench
was
brought
to
his
bed
,
one
that
feared
not
the
robustious
violence
of
youth
,
much
lesse
to
encounter
the
imbecillity
of
sick
and
weak
age
.
I
know
no●
with
what
squeasie
stomack
the
patient
relished
his
physick
,
but
early
in
the
morning
he
gave
content
to
his
she-Apothecary
,
who
was
conveied
out
of
the
house
undiscovered
.
The
next
day
divers
of
his
friends
comming
to
comfort
him
,
they
found
him
sadly
weeping
,
and
by
no
means
could
they
wean
him
from
that
extasie
:
at
length
the
one
of
them
who
was
privy
to
the
former
nights
passage
,
began
to
compassionate
with
him
,
and
told
him
he
was
sorry
for
his
extream
heavinesse
,
and
(
as
knowing
the
cause
)
said
▪
No
doubt
but
God
was
merciful
,
and
wished
him
not
to
despair
but
be
of
good
comfort
,
and
with
ghostly
councell
perswaded
him
to
take
nothing
to
his
heart
,
because
he
hoped
all
would
be
well
.
The
old
man
told
him
he
understood
not
his
meaning
,
but
desired
him
to
be
more
plain
,
that
he
might
know
to
what
purpose
his
language
did
intend
.
His
neighbour
answered
him
again
,
Sir
,
I
have
been
acquainted
with
you
long
,
have
known
your
continence
and
strictnesse
of
life
,
and
withall
,
your
abstinence
from
women
;
and
I
am
sorry
that
your
last
nights
businesse
should
be
the
occasion
of
this
melancholy
and
these
tears
.
To
whom
the
sick
(
but
pretty
well
recovered
)
man
thus
replied
,
Neighbour
you
much
mistake
the
cause
of
my
sorrow
▪
I
neither
grieve
nor
weep
for
the
good
and
wholsome
physick
I
had
the
last
night
,
but
I
now
vex
and
torment
my selfe
that
I
have
so
idly
spent
mine
age
,
there
being
such
a
pleasure
upon
earth
(
above
all
that
I
have
hitherto
enjoied
)
that
I
never
had
the
grace
to
know
it
sooner
,
and
try
what
it
was
before
this
time
.
If
then
Lust
can
strike
this
stroke
,
and
have
this
efficacy
in
age
,
O
how
much
should
we
pitty
youth
ready
daily
and
hourly
to
run
into
this
dangerous
inconvenience
.
Of
these
wantons
there
be
two
sorts
,
Meretrices
and
Scorta
,
that
is
,
Whores
and
common
Women
,
such
as
either
for
Lust
or
Gain
,
prostitute
themselves
to
many
,
or
all
.
The
second
are
Concubina
or
Pellices
,
Concubines
to
Kings
and
Princes
,
or
such
as
we
call
the
private
mistresses
to
great
men
.
The
last
are
as
our
Accidence
teacheth
,
like
Edvardus
and
Gulielmus
,
proper
names
to
this
man
or
that
.
The
first
like
Homo
common
to
all
men
:
both
degrees
sinners
,
but
not
in
the
like
kind
.
I
have
read
a
third
sort
,
but
know
not
what
consonant
or
agreeing
name
to
confer
upon
them
.
I
have
heard
of
some
that
have
been
called
honest
whores
,
It
may
be
those
that
I
shall
speake
of
were
such
,
and
because
they
are
the
strangest
,
I
will
begin
with
them
first
.
Dosithaeus
,
lib.
3.
Lydiacorum
,
tels
us
,
that
the
Sardians
having
commenced
war
with
the
Smyrnae●ns
,
invested
themselves
before
the
City
of
Smyrna
,
and
having
begirt
them
with
a
streight
and
difficult
siege
,
those
of
〈◊〉
(
it
seems
being
hot
fellowes
)
sent
their
Embassadors
into
the
City
to
this
purpose
,
That
unlesse
they
would
send
them
their
wives
to
adulterate
at
their
pleasures
,
they
would
not
only
raze
their
City
,
and
levell
it
with
the
earth
,
but
kill
man
,
woman
and
child
,
and
so
extirp
their
memory
.
This
message
bringing
with
it
not
only
terror
but
horror
,
much
perplexed
the
besi●ged
:
and
betwixt
the
distractions
of
perpetuall
infamy
and
most
certein
death
,
not
able
what
to
determine
(
and
having
sate
long
in
councell
,
but
nothing
amongst
them
concluded
)
a
young
lusty
Virago
(
one
that
was
handmaid
or
bond-woman
to
Philarchus
)
desired
to
be
admitted
into
the
Senate
.
And
being
called
in
amongst
them
to
know
what
she
had
to
say
,
she
told
them
,
That
understanding
to
what
miserable
exigent
they
were
driven
,
she
had
d●●ised
(
so
pleased
them
to
be
swaied
by
her
direction
)
a
●eans
n●t
only
to
deliver
themselves
from
scorn
,
their
wives
from
dishonour
,
and
their
children
from
the
reproach
of
bastardy
,
and
their
lives
and
goods
from
spoil
,
but
to
subject
the
barbarous
enemie
into
their
hands
,
with
a
noble
and
memorable
victory
.
No
marvell
if
to
such
a
project
they
gave
attention
,
when
greedily
demanding
,
By
what
means
the
least
of
these
proposed
blessings
might
be
accomplished
?
she
thus
counselled
them
,
Send
(
saith
she
)
to
the
●e
lustfull
Sardinians
,
and
tel
them
you
wil
in
all
points
satisfie
their
desires
:
At
the
time
appointed
,
let
me
with
the
rest
of
your
slaves
and
vassals
,
be
attired
in
the
habits
of
our
L●dies
and
Mistresses
;
for
(
no
question
)
being
deckt
in
their
ornaments
and
jewels
,
we
shall
appeare
not
only
free
women
,
but
sufficiently
beautifull
.
Now
in
the
night
,
when
we
are
fast
lodged
in
their
embraces
,
and
they
dreaming
of
no
further
dangers
then
their
delights
,
and
that
you
think
we
have
sufficiently
cooled
their
hot
courages
;
arm
your selves
against
the
Sardinians
,
whom
(
if
they
offer
to
●ise
and
arm
themselves
at
the
Alarm
given
)
we
will
keep
still
●ast
lock
in
our
arms
,
till
what
we
have
left
of
them
being
naked
,
you
your selfe
dispatch
being
armed
.
This
counsell
was
followed
,
and
accordingly
took
effect
.
In
memory
of
this
,
the
Feast
called
Elutheria
,
i.
of
Free-women
is
yearly
celebrated
in
Smyrna
;
in
which
the
maid-servants
attired
in
their
mistresses
habits
,
sit
at
the
table
,
and
are
〈◊〉
on
by
them
,
whom
they
attend
all
the
year
after
.
〈…〉
lib
1.
Italicorum
,
parallels
this
history
thus
:
〈◊〉
King
of
the
Ga●ls
,
infesting
the
Romans
with
war
,
and
having
compelled
them
to
the
like
exigent
,
demanded
the
like
horrible
conditions
of
peace
,
namely
,
to
adulterate
their
wives
:
but
being
in
the
same
manner
advised
by
their
handmaids
,
and
having
intelligence
given
them
by
one
Retana
the
chief
of
that
counsell
,
A
tale
something
like
unto
these
,
I
have
been
told
of
a
Mistresse
,
that
in
some
sort
did
as
much
to
save
her
maids
honesty
;
but
whether
to
the
same
commendable
purpose
,
of
that
I
am
somewhat
doubtfull
.
In
some
great
City
it
was
(
I
cannot
say
London
)
that
a
Citizen
of
good
reckoning
having
a
fair
wife
,
kept
divers
prentices
and
maid-servants
in
his
house
:
one
of
those
busie
young
fellowes
had
cast
a
wanton
eie
upon
her
that
ruled
the
rost
in
the
Kitchin
,
and
longing
as
much
to
be
in
her
books
,
as
out
of
his
time
;
and
waiting
many
nights
for
opportunity
to
find
her
in
some
remote
place
,
or
dark
entry
,
it
hapned
that
one
night
he
dogg'd
her
at
the
heels
:
she
hearing
him
to
tread
softly
after
her
,
to
escape
him
stept
up
a
pair
of
stairs
just
as
her
Mistresse
came
down
.
The
prentice
groping
in
the
dark
,
catcht
hold
upon
his
Mistresse
,
and
without
any
word
speaking
,
began
to
proportion
his
work
according
to
the
shortnesse
of
his
time
.
The
Gentlewoman
all
this
while
let
him
alone
to
see
what
he
would
do
,
and
having
made
proof
of
him
to
the
full
,
she
might
very
well
perceive
what
his
unchast
intent
was
,
when
clinging
him
close
to
her
lest
he
should
escape
undiscovered
,
She
asked
what
bold
sawcy
knave
he
was
that
durst
offer
her
that
injury
?
the
young
fellow
knowing
her
voice
,
and
finding
his
mistake
,
down
on
his
knees
and
besought
her
to
pardon
him
and
not
to
tell
his
Master
,
for
he
took
her
for
one
of
the
maids
:
The
maids
saith
she
,
which
of
the
maids
?
he
answered
,
The
Kitchin-maid
:
and
is
it
so
(
saith
she
)
well
●irrha
,
I
will
henceforth
prevent
the
getting
of
Bastards
in
my
house
,
without
knowing
who
shall
father
them
,
and
for
that
night
said
no
more
:
but
the
n●xt
morning
to
prevent
all
future
danger
,
pickt
a
quarrell
with
the
Kitchin-wench
,
paid
her
her
wages
and
turn'd
her
away
.
It
seems
after
,
the
young
man
did
well
,
for
she
made
him
(
before
his
time
was
fully
out
)
both
her
journeyman
and
foreman
.
It
followes
next
in
course
,
that
I
should
define
unto
you
,
what
these
prostitutes
and
common
women
are
;
but
what
need
I
trouble
my selfe
so
far
,
when
in
these
corrupt
daies
,
almost
every
boy
of
fifteen
or
sixteen
years
old
,
knowes
what
a
strumpet
is
,
better
by
his
own
practise
,
then
I
can
illustrate
to
him
by
all
my
reading
.
And
for
Concubines
,
we
need
not
travell
so
far
as
the
Turks
Seraglio
,
since
but
few
Kings
Palaces
are
without
them
.
And
for
such
as
we
call
Sweet-hearts
,
Friends
,
or
good
wenches
,
should
we
but
search
noble
mens
Diaries
,
Gentlemens
Summer-lodges
,
or
Citizens
Garden●houses
,
and
travel
no
further
,
we
should
no
question
find
plenty
sufficient
.
It
would
also
become
this
place
well
,
to
perswade
those
loose
and
incontinent
women
with
some
elaborate
exhortation
,
to
retire
themselves
from
that
abominable
and
wicked
course
of
life
.
But
I
am
altogether
discouraged
,
when
I
remember
the
positions
of
one
most
notorious
in
that
trade
;
word
being
brought
her
,
as
of
a
strange
and
unexpected
noveltie
,
that
one
who
had
been
a
famous
strumpet
,
had
retired
her selfe
from
all
her
lewd
courses
,
and
was
lately
turned
honest
woman
.
●●ush
saith
she
,
tell
me
that
as
often
as
you
will
,
I
will
never
beleeve
it
,
For
once
a
whore
and
ever
a
whore
,
I
know
it
by
my selfe
▪
Of
these
Plautus
thus
speaks
in
Truculento
:
Mer●tricem
ego
item
esse
reor
Mare
ut
est
—
Strumpets
are
l●ke
the
sea
which
doth
devour
Rivers
and
brooks
▪
and
what
so
else
you
poure
,
Into
his
vastnesse
:
neither
hath
it
been
Fuller
by
them
,
nor
their
great
bounty
seen
.
So
whatsoe'r
thou
spend'st
upon
a
whore
,
It
doth
not
make
her
rich
,
but
thee
still
poor
.
Terentius
in
Helyra
saith
:
Nec
pol
istae
metuunt
Deos
nec
hos
respicere
Deos
opinor
.
Th●y
feare
not
God
,
and
he
regards
not
them
.
I
could
produce
innumerable
adages
and
sayings
of
wise
men
,
both
Poets
and
Historiographers
to
the
like
purpose
,
but
I
desire
to
be
prolix
in
nothing
.
Petronius
Arbiter
in
his
Satyricon
hath
left
remembred
,
Such
may
easily
be
brought
to
carry
an
Ox
,
that
pract●sed
at
first
to
carry
a
Calfe
.
I
think
the
name
of
Quartilla
was
given
her
because
she
began
to
practise
at
four
years
and
held
on
to
fourscore
.
From
common
Strumpets
I
should
proceed
to
private
mistresses
:
I
will
begin
and
end
with
them
in
this
Sonnet
.
A
Sonnet
.
Though
my
Mistresse
seem
in
show
,
Whiter
then
the
Pyrene
Snow
:
Though
I
fitly
might
compare
her
To
the
Lillies
,
or
things
rarer
,
Christall
,
or
to
ice
congeald
,
Be
others
given
and
kept
from
me
,
What
care
I
how
fair
she
be
.
Though
her
visage
did
comprise
The
glorious
wonder
of
all
eies
:
Captive
led
she
hearts
in
chains
,
Kill'd
or
cur'd
with
her
disdains
:
Chus'd
Beauty
(
that
commandeth
fate
)
Her
forehead
where
to
keep
her
state
:
Should
another
step
in
place
,
I
care
not
,
I
'd
not
love
that
face
.
Imagine
next
her
brain
divine
,
Or
mansion
for
the
Muses
nine
:
Did
her
bosome
yield
choice
places
For
the
Charites
and
Graces
:
Had
she
stately
Junos
stile
,
Pallas
front
,
or
Venus
smile
:
If
he
enjoy
her
,
and
not
I
,
For
these
vertues
what
care
I.
Tra●●d
she
Loves
queen
in
her
treasure
,
And
could
teach
the
act
of
pleasure
,
Make
Lais
in
her
trade
a
fool
,
Ph●ine
or
Thais
set
to
school
,
To
Helen
read
;
or
could
she
doe
Worth
Io
and
Europa
too
:
If
these
sweets
from
me
she
spare
,
I
'll
count
them
toies
,
nor
will
I
care
.
But
if
my
Mistresse
constant
be
,
And
love
none
alive
save
me
,
Be
chast
,
although
but
something
fair
;
Her
least
perfection
I
'll
think
rare
,
Her
I
'll
adore
,
admire
,
prefer
,
Idolatrize
to
none
but
her
.
When
such
an
one
I
find
and
trie
,
For
her
I
'll
care
,
I
'll
live
,
I
'll
die
Lais.
THis
Lais
(
as
Aristophanes
Bizantius
relates
)
was
a
strumpet
of
Corinth
:
she
was
called
Axine
,
for
her
ferocity
and
rudenesse
of
manners
.
Her
,
all
the
prime
and
noblest
Heroes
of
Greece
frequented
,
and
extasi'd
with
her
beauty
,
came
daily
in
troups
to
visit
her
.
Athenaeus
in
his
Dipsonoph
:
speaks
of
her
Country
,
behaviour
and
sepulchre
,
reporting
her
to
be
so
beautifull
,
that
the
most
exquisite
Painters
of
Greece
came
frequently
to
her
,
and
besought
her
to
bare
her
neck
,
breasts
,
and
other
parts
of
her
body
before
them
:
For
when
they
were
to
limn
any
extraordinary
Piece
,
(
wherein
was
to
be
expressed
Juno
,
Venus
,
Pallas
,
or
any
wel
shaped
goddesse
or
woman
)
her
fair
feature
or
lineaments
might
be
their
example
.
She
had
a
great
emulation
with
Phrine
the
Courtizan
,
for
they
lived
both
in
one
age
.
Aristippus
the
Philosopher
(
sirnamed
Cyrenaicus
)
about
the
season
that
the
Feasts
were
celebrated
to
Neptune
,
did
yeerly
for
the
space
of
two
months
together
,
associate
himselfe
with
this
Lais.
Diogenes
meeting
him
upon
a
time
:
O
Aristippus
(
saith
he
)
thou
keepest
company
with
a
common
Strumpet
,
be
rather
a
Cynick
of
my
Sect
,
then
a
Philosopher
of
such
loose
and
dissolute
behaviour
.
To
whom
Aristippus
answered
,
Appears
it
to
thee
,
O
Diogenes
,
a
thing
absurd
to
dwell
in
an
house
which
others
have
before
inhabited
?
who
answered
,
No
:
Or
to
saile
in
the
same
ship
(
saith
Aristippus
)
in
which
divers
passengers
have
before
time
put
to
sea
?
Again
he
answered
,
Neither
:
Nor
do
I
think
it
(
replies
he
)
O
Diogenes
,
worthy
thy
just
taxation
,
to
accompany
with
a
woman
with
whom
many
others
have
had
commerce
.
Again
,
being
by
others
calumniated
for
his
often
repair
and
publike
recourse
to
her
(
in
regard
of
her
common
prostitution
,
and
therefore
the
greater
blemish
to
his
more
austere
profession
)
he
thus
satisfied
them
:
This
is
the
difference
betwixt
me
and
the
rest
of
her
Clients
;
I
only
enjoy
Lais
,
all
others
are
enjoi'd
by
her
.
When
Dem●sthenes
(
the
famous
O●ator
of
Athens
)
desired
to
have
had
company
with
her
,
and
she
for
one
nights
lodging
demanded
of
him
a
thousand
Drachmes
;
affrighted
with
the
name
of
so
great
a
sum
,
he
thus
replied
:
I
purpose
not
to
buy
repentance
so
dear
.
A
young
man
,
much
taken
with
her
beauty
,
came
to
Diogenes
the
Cinick
,
and
asked
him
this
question
,
What
if
a
man
should
marry
with
Lais
?
Who
presently
answered
,
For
a
young
man
it
is
much
too
soon
,
and
for
an
old
man
it
were
far
too
late
Concerning
her
,
I
have
read
an
elegant
Epigram
,
of
an
old
man
desirous
of
company
with
her
at
any
rate
,
and
her
witty
answer
to
him
:
Canus
rogabat
Laidis
noctem
Myron
,
Tulit
repulsam
protinus
,
Causamque
sensit
,
&
caput
fuligine
Fucavit
atra
Candidum
,
&c.
White
headed
Myron
did
of
Lais
crave
To
have
one
night
and
be
her
price
would
pay
:
Which
she
deni'd
.
But
why
he
could
not
have
His
purpose
,
he
perceiv'd
,
his
head
was
gray
:
He
knew
his
age
betrai'd
him
,
therefore
●e
Dies
his
hair
black
,
and
did
his
suit
renew
.
She
seeing
head
and
face
to
disagree
,
And
them
comparing
with
considera●e
view
,
Thus
saies
,
Why
do'st
thou
urge
me
thus
?
the
rather
,
Since
but
ev'n
now
I
did
deny
thy
father
.
Nymphodorus
Syracusa
in
his
book
De
admira●il
.
writes
,
That
Lais
came
into
Sicily
from
Hycaris
,
the
most
defenced
City
of
that
Country
:
but
Stratt●
in
Macedon
.
or
Pausan
.
affirms
her
to
be
of
Corinth
▪
in
these
words
:
Dic
unde
sunt
ductae
puellae
Ve●ere
nuper
ex
M●gaera
Corinthiae
Decus
I
ais
Ingens
.
Aelian
de
Var●a
Histor.
lib.
10.
saith
,
That
Lais
casting
her
eies
upon
a
young
man
of
Cyrenaea
,
called
Eubatas
,
never
left
soliciting
him
by
all
womanish
enticements
,
till
she
had
made
him
promise
her
marriage
,
but
the
solemnization
not
to
be
performed
till
he
had
returned
Victor
from
the
Olympick
Games
:
in
which
having
had
good
successe
,
but
fearing
to
h●zard
the
embraces
of
a
strumpet
,
he
took
her
Picture
only
,
and
carried
it
to
his
City
of
Cyrena
,
boasting
by
the
way
,
that
he
had
married
and
borne
thence
Lais
;
Which
she
hearing
,
and
enraged
at
the
scorn
thereof
,
writ
to
him
this
or
the
like
Letter
:
O
false
and
perjured
man
,
Whose
lust
hath
no
satiety
,
Since
nothing
please
thee
can
,
Save
changes
and
variety
:
O
thou
alone
,
Constant
to
none
,
In
nothing
setled
save
impiety
.
Our
Sex
why
dost
thou
blame
?
Term
women
sole
offenders
;
'T
is
you
that
past
all
shame
,
Are
still
your
own
commenders
;
That
care
nor
fear
To
whom
you
swear
,
Cease
judging
,
and
be
now
suspenders
.
Phillis
was
chast
and
fair
,
Demophoon
false
and
cruell
,
Sapho
thought
Phaon
rare
,
And
he
term'd
her
his
jewell
:
But
Traitors
they
Their
Loves
betray
,
Poor
we
,
can
oft
fore-see
,
but
not
eschew
ill
.
Falser
then
either
,
thou
As
foulely
hast
betrai'd
me
,
But
I
'll
beware
thee
now
As
Heaven
I
hope
shall
aid
me
,
All
thy
procurements
,
And
slie
allurements
,
Henceforth
shall
never
more
perswade
me
.
Thy
Oaths
I
hold
as
Lies
,
As
scorn
,
thy
crafty
smiling
,
Thy
shape
a
meer
disguise
,
Thy
practice
but
beguiling
;
All
thy
protests
,
As
scoffs
and
jeasts
,
And
thy
fair
words
no
better
then
reviling
Poisons
I
'll
think
thy
kisses
,
And
from
mine
keep
thee
fasting
;
Thy
torments
,
count
my
blisses
;
Thy
breathings
fear
as
blastings
.
And
thank
my
fate
,
I
now
can
hate
Thee
,
whom
I
now
abandon
everlasting
.
It
is
moreover
reported
of
her
,
That
being
of
purpose
conveied
into
the
bed
of
Xenocrates
,
by
the
means
of
his
schollers
,
whom
he
had
instructed
in
all
austerity
and
strictnesse
of
life
:
but
she
by
no
whorish
blandishments
able
to
corrupt
his
temperance
,
his
schollers
asking
her
the
next
morning
,
How
she
sped
?
she
told
them
,
They
had
lodged
with
her
a
Statue
or
an
Image
,
but
no
man
.
Tymaeus
in
his
thirteenth
book
of
histories
saith
,
That
she
was
beaten
to
death
with
woodden
foot-stools
,
by
certain
women
of
Thessaly
,
in
jealousie
and
madnesse
,
because
she
was
beloved
of
a
beautifull
young
man
called
Pausanias
,
on
whom
some
of
them
doted
:
This
was
done
at
a
sacrifice
in
one
of
the
Chappels
of
Venus
:
for
which
cause
the
place
was
ever
after
called
,
The
Grove
of
wicked
or
unjust
Venus
.
Her
Sepulcher
was
neer
unto
the
river
Paeneus
in
T●essaly
,
which
runs
betwixt
the
two
great
mountains
of
Ossa
and
Olympus
;
and
upon
her
Tomb-stone
this
inscription
was
graven
:
Roboris
invicti
,
ac
animi
sit
Graeciae
quamvis
Victa
tamen
,
formae
paruit
illa
suae
,
Laidis
,
ipse
parens
Amor
est
,
aliuitque
corinthus
At
nunc
ipsa
tenet
,
inclita
Thessalia
▪
Though
Greece
of
unmatch'd
strength
and
courage
be
,
It
obei'd
Lais
to
thy
shape
and
thee
:
Love
was
thy
father
,
thee
Corinthus
bred
,
Who
now
in
stately
Thessaly
liest
dead
.
(
This
notwithstanding
)
some
will
not
allow
her
to
have
been
educated
in
in
the
Cranaeum
,
which
is
a
place
of
exercise
in
the
City
of
Corinth
.
Phrine
.
SHE
for
her
beauty
was
emulated
by
Lais
,
and
was
a
prostitute
in
Thespis
,
a
City
of
Booetia
:
who
being
for
some
Capitall
crime
convented
before
the
Senate
,
and
(
notwithstanding
she
had
a
famous
Advocate
to
plead
in
her
behalfe
)
fearing
some
harsh
and
severe
censure
,
she
trusting
to
her
beauty
,
bethought
her
of
this
project
;
before
the
sentence
was
pronounced
,
she
cast
off
her
loose
and
upper
garments
,
and
without
any
word
speaking
,
as
far
as
womanish
modesty
would
suffer
her
,
exposed
her
body
naked
to
the
Judges
.
(
O
Beauty
,
thou
canst
more
prevail
then
a
thousand
Orators
.
)
With
her
rare
form
and
extraordinary
feature
,
the
old
gray-beards
were
so
taken
,
that
where
before
their
purpose
was
to
inflict
upon
her
some
severe
punishment
,
they
changed
their
austerity
into
love
and
pity
,
and
dismissed
her
without
mulct
or
fine
.
Therefore
the
famous
Orator
and
Grammarian
,
Quintilian
,
thus
speaks
:
The
admirable
beauty
of
so
compleat
a
Fabrick
,
more
prev●iled
with
the
Senate
,
then
all
the
Rhetoricall
eloquence
of
her
Advocate
Hypparis
.
Upon
this
occasion
an
Edict
was
published
,
That
from
thence
forward
no
Client
whatsoever
should
be
in
presence
whilst
their
Cause
was
in
pleading
,
lest
either
pity
or
affection
to
the
person
should
sway
the
ballance
of
justice
and
equity
.
It
is
further
remembred
of
her
,
That
Praxitiles
the
most
excellent
Painter
of
his
time
(
for
some
courtesies
she
had
done
,
or
some
favours
grac'd
him
with
)
promised
to
give
her
the
best
and
most
curious
Table
in
his
work-house
:
but
she
by
no
perswasion
or
cunning
,
able
to
wrest
from
him
which
(
amongst
so
many
)
had
the
priority
,
she
bethought
her
of
this
sleight
;
watching
a
time
when
the
Painter
was
abroad
in
the
City
,
she
hired
a
messenger
to
run
to
him
in
all
hast
,
and
counterfeiting
a
sudden
passion
,
to
tell
him
his
house
was
on
fi●e
,
and
many
or
most
of
his
elaborate
pieces
burnt
to
ashes
:
At
which
Praxitiles
amazed
,
and
strangely
moved
,
broke
forth
into
this
language
,
But
is
the
Picture
of
Cupid
safe
and
reserved
from
combustion
?
by
which
,
she
found
that
to
be
his
Master-piece
,
and
therefore
due
to
her
by
promise
.
This
Phrine
never
used
the
hot
Baths
,
as
other
of
her
profession
accustomed
to
doe
:
only
at
the
Feasts
of
Ceres
and
Neptune
,
she
would
in
the
sight
of
all
the
Grecians
(
in
her
loose
garment
,
and
hair
dishevelled
about
her
shoulders
)
walk
down
to
the
Sea
side
,
and
there
wash
her selfe
.
And
from
her
,
as
Athenaeus
in
his
Dypnos
.
lib.
13.
cap.
22.
affirms
,
Apelles
drew
that
admirable
and
unmatched
piece
,
called
Venus
Emergeus
,
i.
Venus
swimming
or
rising
ou●
of
the
waters
:
Of
which
,
Ausonius
composed
an
Epigram
,
with
this
inscription
,
In
venerem
Andiomenen
.
Emersam
Pelagi
nuper
genitalibus
undis
C●pria
Apellaei
,
Cerne
laboris
opus
.
Behold
fair
Cipria
from
her
native
Brine
,
Plunging
(
Apelles
a
brave
work
of
thine
)
Who
shaking
off
her
golden
curls
,
late
drown'd
,
Rains
the
salt
sea-drops
from
her
shoulders
round
:
Her
hairs
,
yet
dank
'bout
her
white
wrists
she
winds
,
Which
wreath'd
,
she
in
her
silken
hair
lace
binds
.
Pallas
and
Juno
said
(
this
having
seen
)
Wee
yield
the
Palm
to
thee
,
fair
beauties
Queen
.
Praxitiles
,
the
Statuary
before
spoken
of
,
drew
from
her
the
Picture
of
Venus
Cnidia
,
and
under
the
Table
of
Love
(
which
was
given
to
adorn
the
Theatre
)
he
caused
these
verses
to
be
inscribed
:
Praxitiles
pinxit
,
prius
est
quem
passus
amorem
,
Deprompsit
proprio
pectore
qui
A
chetipum
.
Love
which
himselfe
hath
suffered
,
and
best
knew
,
From
his
own
breast
(
this
piece
)
the
Painter
drew
.
This
Picture
of
Love
,
some
say
was
placed
in
Thespia
,
a
free
Town
in
Boetis
,
nere
Helicon
,
and
dedicated
to
the
Muses
,
which
others
take
to
be
a
City
in
Magnesia
,
neer
Thessaly
:
but
her
golden
Picture
,
made
by
Praxitiles
,
was
hung
in
Delphos
above
the
Marble
Statue
of
Mercury
,
and
betwixt
that
of
Archidamus
King
of
the
Lacedemonians
,
and
Philip
of
Amintas
,
having
this
inscription
,
Phrine
Epicleis
Thespia
.
This
,
when
Crates
Cinicus
beheld
,
he
said
,
This
Table
is
dedicated
to
expresse
the
intemperance
of
the
Grecians
,
as
Alcaetus
witnesseth
,
lib.
20.
depositorum
in
Delphis
.
Apollodorus
in
Lib.
Amicarum
,
speaks
of
two
Phrines
,
the
one
was
called
Sap●rduis
,
the
other
Clausig●los
,
of
Kleo
,
i.
Lugeo
,
to
mourn
;
and
Gelos
,
i.
Risus
,
Laughter
.
Herodicus
saith
,
lib.
6.
Objurgatorum
.
That
she
was
called
by
the
Orators
,
Sestus
,
because
she
rifled
and
despoiled
her
Clients
;
and
the
other
Thespica
.
This
Phrine
grew
exceeding
rich
,
and
made
offer
to
begirt
Tnebes
with
a
new
wall
,
so
that
upon
the
chief
gate
they
would
make
this
inscription
:
This
Alexander
the
Great
demolished
,
which
Phrine
the
Courtesan
at
her
own
charge
erected
;
for
so
writes
Callistratus
in
his
book
Amicarum
.
Timocles
Comicus
writ
of
her
infinite
riches
in
his
Neaera
,
as
likewise
Amphis
in
Novacula
.
Aristogiton
in
an
Oration
against
Phrine
affirms
,
That
her
proper
name
was
M●nesarete
Of
her
,
Posidippus
Comicus
writ
more
at
large
in
Ephesia
.
There
was
one
Timandra
,
Glicerin
or
Glicera
,
and
others
.
THis
Glicera
was
sirnamed
Thespiensis
of
the
City
where
she
was
born
.
Menander
.
Hipperides
in
an
oration
against
Manlithaeus
,
as
also
Theopompus
affirms
,
That
Harpalus
after
the
death
of
Pythonice
sent
for
Glicera
to
Athens
,
who
comming
to
Tarsus
was
received
into
the
Kings
Palace
,
whither
much
confluence
was
assembled
,
bowing
their
knees
to
her
,
and
saluting
her
by
the
name
of
Queen
;
neither
would
they
suffer
Harpalus
to
assume
the
Diadem
till
she
were
likewise
crowned
;
and
in
Rhossus
where
his
statue
was
erected
in
brasse
,
she
caused
hers
to
be
placed
,
for
so
Clearchus
writes
in
his
history
of
Alexander
,
as
likewise
Catanaeus
:
Clearchus
observes
of
her
,
that
when
any
fair
young
Lad
appeared
before
her
,
she
used
to
say
,
Then
doe
boies
appear
most
beautifull
,
when
they
most
resemble
the
looks
and
gestures
of
women
.
Pansia
Sicionius
a
famous
Painter
.
Harpalus
the
Macedonian
having
robbed
Alexander
the
Great
of
much
treasure
,
flying
to
Athens
sollicited
there
Pythonica
,
Miltiades
,
Pericles
,
Cimon
,
or
of
some
other
Athenian
equally
with
them
illustrious
,
and
especially
of
such
a
one
that
for
merit
towards
the
Common-weal
,
might
command
a
voluntary
contribution
from
the
publike
treasury
.
Theopompus
in
an
Epistle
to
Alexander
,
thus
carps
at
the
intemperance
of
Harpalus
,
Consider
(
quoth
he
)
and
enquire
of
the
men
of
Babylon
,
with
what
superfluous
charge
he
had
interred
his
strumpet
Pythonica
,
who
was
but
handmaid
to
Bachis
the
she-musitian
,
and
Bachis
the
servant
of
Synope
Threissa
,
who
from
the
City
of
Aegina
,
transported
her
Bawdries
into
Athens
,
she
being
not
only
of
the
third
rank
and
degree
of
servants
,
but
of
Bawds
;
for
with
more
then
two
hundred
Talents
charge
,
he
hath
dedicated
unto
her
two
sumptuous
monuments
,
to
the
admiration
of
all
men
;
when
it
hath
not
been
known
the
like
honour
or
cost
to
have
been
bestowed
(
by
him
or
any
other
)
in
memory
of
any
brave
souldier
,
or
of
such
as
perished
in
Cilicia
for
the
Empire
and
liberty
of
whole
Greece
;
shee
only
having
perdurable
monuments
raised
to
her
as
well
in
Babylon
,
as
in
Athens
,
Temples
and
Altars
with
sacrifices
offered
her
by
the
name
of
Venus
Pythonica
.
With
other
such
upbraidings
he
complained
on
him
to
Alexander
,
of
whom
Al●xis
in
Licisca
likewise
speaks
,
as
also
that
after
her
death
he
took
to
his
bed
the
before
named
Glicera
.
Next
her
followes
Irene
.
That
Ptolomaeus
that
placed
garrisons
in
Ephesus
,
Philarchus
remembers
one
Sophron
of
Ephesus
to
have
had
in
his
delights
Danae
,
I
marvell
not
now
that
the
gods
have
so
small
honour
done
to
them
,
in
regard
of
their
injustice
,
since
I
am
thus
punisht
for
saving
the
life
of
my
friend
,
and
th●s
Laodice
is
thus
honoured
,
that
would
have
took
away
the
life
of
her
husband
.
Agathoclaea
.
WArs
having
been
long
continued
betwixt
Ptolomey
of
Aegypt
and
Antiochus
of
Syria
,
Cleophis
.
ALexander
the
Great
after
many
conquests
entring
into
India
,
Callipyge
.
SO
much
were
the
Grecians
given
to
all
voluptuousnesse
and
pleasure
,
Venus
Callipyga
,
the
word
importing
,
Quasi
pulchras
habens
nates
,
i.
She
that
hath
faire
buttocks
;
the
originall
of
that
superstition
(
as
Aegenaeus
relates
)
was
this
,
A
Countrey
Farmer
being
the
father
of
two
beautifull
young
Virgins
,
these
two
concluded
betwixt
themselves
which
should
have
the
priority
in
beauty
:
But
modesty
forbidding
them
to
dispute
it
with
open
faces
,
they
concluded
between
themselves
to
come
to
a
place
adjoining
to
the
high-way
,
and
there
to
expose
their
back-parts
naked
to
all
such
as
passed
by
,
and
so
by
the
most
voices
to
be
censured
.
Amongst
many
others
,
a
noble
young
young
Gentleman
of
the
next
City
,
by
accident
passing
that
way
,
and
somewhat
astonished
at
so
unwonted
an
object
,
enquired
the
reason
thereof
,
and
by
one
of
the
spectators
being
presently
resolved
,
●e
as
suddenly
gave
the
Palm
to
the
elder
;
and
intimating
by
that
he
saw
,
what
the
rest
might
prove
,
grew
greatly
enamored
,
and
returning
to
his
fathers
house
,
surprized
with
melancholly
,
was
of
his
brother
demanded
the
cause
;
he
after
some
few
bashful
denials
,
stil
urged
with
the
others
importunacies
,
discovered
to
him
the
whole
circumstance
of
the
businesse
.
The
brother
desirous
to
be
further
instructed
,
was
by
the
lover
conducted
to
the
place
and
object
which
made
him
first
grow
enamoured
;
whither
he
was
no
sooner
brought
,
but
he
grew
presently
inflamed
with
the
love
of
the
younger
,
and
gave
his
censure
on
her
part
.
These
two
had
an
old
Senator
to
their
father
,
who
much
observed
his
children
:
of
him
they
demanded
these
virgins
in
marriage
;
but
he
proposing
to
themselves
matches
more
honourable
,
they
would
no
way
assent
.
But
won
at
length
with
their
importunacies
,
he
sent
in
their
behalfe
to
the
Farmer
,
to
demand
his
daugters
in
marriage
.
An
enterview
was
granted
,
the
parties
agreed
,
a
marriage
concluded
,
and
after
comsummate
,
with
satisfaction
on
all
sides
.
From
which
time
,
ever
after
,
the
two
young
married
wives
were
called
Callipyga
.
Of
these
,
Cercidas
Megapolitanus
in
his
lambicks
to
this
purpose
speaks
,
These
two
lived
in
Syracusa
,
who
by
their
marriage
having
attained
to
wealth
sufficient
,
erected
a
famous
Chappell
to
Venus
,
whom
they
stiled
Dea
Callipyga
.
These
,
divers
other
Cities
of
Greece
(
after
them
)
imitated
.
This
History
Archelaus
likewise
in
his
Lambicks
records
.
Alogunes
,
Cosmartidenes
,
Andia
.
YOU
shall
read
in
the
History
taken
out
of
Ex
Ctesiae
Persicis
,
That
Artaxerxes
being
dead
,
Xerxes
his
sonne
succeeded
,
the
legitimate
heir
by
his
wife
Damaspia
(
who
died
the
same
day
with
her
husband
,
therefore
to
be
registred
,
amongst
the
women
most
illustrious
:
)
after
their
deaths
the
Eunuch
Bagorazus
caused
both
their
bodies
to
be
born
into
Persia
,
and
there
to
be
entombed
amongst
their
ancestors
.
It
is
remembred
of
this
Emperor
Artaxerxes
,
that
he
had
by
severall
concubins
,
seventeen
bastards
,
amongst
these
was
Secundianus
born
of
Alogunes
,
he
by
treason
succeeded
Xerxes
(
having
before
slain
his
brother
:
)
this
Alogunes
was
born
in
Babylon
.
By
another
concubine
in
the
same
City
called
Cosmartidenes
,
he
had
two
sons
,
Ochus
and
Arsi●es
:
this
Ochus
by
supplanting
his
brother
Secundianus
reigning
some
few
months
)
succeeded
him
in
the
Empire
.
Xerxes
had
issue
likewise
by
one
Andia
,
a
Lady
of
the
same
Nation
,
Bagapaeus
and
Parisatis
,
who
was
the
mother
of
one
Cyrus
,
and
another
Artaxerxes
.
Xerxes
the
Persian
Emperour
(
yet
living
)
gave
to
his
second
son
Ochus
,
the
Prefectship
over
the
Hircanians
:
Likewise
Parisatis
to
wife
,
daughter
to
Xerxes
,
and
naturall
sister
to
Ochus
.
This
Ochus
was
●●ter
called
Dariaeus
,
who
in
all
his
counsels
and
projects
,
●●er
did
any
thing
without
the
advice
of
his
sister
Queen
;
●●fore
his
aspiring
to
the
Empire
,
he
had
issue
by
his
wife
●●risatis
,
two
children
,
a
daughter
called
Amistris
,
and
a
〈◊〉
Arsaca
,
who
after
changed
his
name
to
his
grandfa●●●rs
,
and
was
called
Artaxerxes
:
after
his
instalment
she
●●ght
him
a
son
called
Cyrus
,
after
him
Artostes
,
and
so
the
●●●ber
of
thirteen
,
of
all
which
,
only
the
fourth
son
called
●●●dras
survived
,
the
rest
perished
in
minority
.
These
〈◊〉
concubins
of
Persia
.
Julia.
IT
is
remembred
of
Augustus
Caesar
,
whose
daughter
this
Julia
was
,
that
he
established
a
Law
which
was
called
〈◊〉
Julia
,
concerning
adulteters
,
after
what
processe
persons
so
offending
should
be
punished
,
being
convicted
and
●ound
guilty
.
It
hapned
that
a
young
Gentleman
of
Rome
being
accused
of
the
same
fact
with
the
Emperors
daughter
Julia
before
named
,
Augustus
grew
into
such
a
fu●y
,
that
not
able
to
come
in
himselfe
,
he
fell
upon
the
Gentleman
,
and
gave
him
many
violent
and
sound
buffe●s
,
till
the
supposed
offender
cried
out
,
O
Emperor
where
is
your
Justice
?
you
have
made
a
law
concerning
these
matters
,
why
am
I
not
then
judged
by
that
?
At
which
words
it
so
repented
him
of
his
rashnesse
,
that
all
that
day
and
night
he
forbore
to
tast
any
food
.
At
a
certain
sword-playing
of
such
like
pastime
solemnized
in
the
great
Roman
Theater
,
Livia
the
mother
,
and
Julia
the
daughter
,
had
turned
the
eies
of
the
multitude
upon
them
twain
,
and
that
by
reason
of
the
difference
of
their
habits
and
their
attendants
;
Lyvia
being
matron-like
attired
,
was
accompanied
with
aged
Senators
,
and
Ladies
of
approved
modesty
and
gravity
;
Julia
on
the
contrary
,
loos●ly
and
wantonly
habited
,
had
in
her
train
none
but
butterflie-pages
,
wild
fashion-mongers
,
and
fantastick
gallants
:
which
observed
by
Augustus
,
he
the
next
day
admonished
her
by
letters
,
To
observe
what
difference
and
ods
there
was
in
the
appearance
of
two
such
high
and
noble
persons
:
which
having
read
,
she
returned
him
only
this
short
answer
,
Well
,
and
these
people
about
me
shall
be
old
likewise
when
I
am
.
This
Julia
,
to
a
noble
Senator
of
sta●ed
gravity
,
giving
her
counsell
to
frame
her selfe
after
her
fathers
grave
and
sober
behaviour
,
she
presently
replied
.
Though
my
father
doth
not
remember
that
he
is
an
Emperour
,
yet
I
cannot
forget
that
I
am
an
Emperours
daughter
▪
It
is
further
remembred
of
her
,
that
beginning
to
have
gray
hairs
with
the
soonest
and
before
she
was
old
,
as
her
maids
and
gentle
women
were
kembing
her
head
the
Emperour
came
in
suddenly
upon
her
,
and
espi'd
them
picking
and
plucking
the
white
hairs
up
by
the
roots
,
which
still
stuck
upon
their
garments
;
the
Emperor
for
that
present
said
●●●ning
,
〈◊〉
●ut
long
after
amongst
many
other
discourse●
taking
occ●si●n
to
speak
of
old
age
,
he
demanded
of
his
daughter
,
Whether
she
had
rather
in
the
processe
of
a
few
years
,
have
a
reverent
white
head
,
or
to
be
directly
without
any
hair
at
all
?
she
answered
,
She
had
rather
to
have
a
white
head
:
Why
then
(
said
he
)
do
thy
damosels
all
they
can
to
make
thee
clean
bald
before
thy
time
?
Augustus
much
grieved
with
her
licentiousnesse
,
and
seeing
it
subject
to
no
reformation
,
he
banished
her
the
Court
,
and
with
her
,
her
daughter
Julia
his
grandchild
,
who
took
something
too
much
after
the
mother
;
and
after
that
Agrippa
whom
he
had
once
adopted
his
heir
,
but
after
for
his
intemperance
and
br●tish
and
luxurious
riots
cast
out
of
his
favour
.
Whensoever
mention
was
made
of
any
of
these
three
,
he
would
recite
a
verse
out
of
Homer
,
which
imports
thus
much
:
What
's
now
my
sorrow
,
would
have
been
my
pride
,
If
I
(
as
some
)
might
issuelesse
have
di'd
.
He
used
not
to
call
any
of
those
three
by
any
other
names
then
Ulcers
or
rotten
Imposthumes
,
Cankers
,
and
such
like
:
for
he
used
much
more
patiently
to
take
the
deaths
of
his
friends
then
their
dishonours
.
He
further
provided
by
his
last
will
,
That
whensoever
either
Iulia
his
daughter
,
or
Iulia
his
grandchild
,
expired
,
their
bodies
should
not
rest
beneath
his
monument
.
One
thing
of
her
I
had
almost
forgot
;
Upon
a
time
comming
to
visite
and
do
her
dutie
to
her
father
,
she
perceived
his
eies
to
be
much
offended
with
the
gawdinesse
of
her
attire
,
as
savering
of
immodest●
;
the
next
day
taking
occasion
to
revisi
him
,
she
changed
her
habit
into
a
comely
,
civill
,
and
matronly
garb
,
and
in
that
sort
came
to
embrace
her
father
:
Caesar
who
had
the
day
before
suppressed
his
griefe
,
was
not
now
able
to
contein
his
joy
,
but
brok
out
into
these
terms
,
O
how
much
more
decent
and
seemly
are
these
ornaments
for
the
daughter
of
Augustus
?
to
whom
she
instantly
replied
,
Indeed
this
day
I
apparelled
my selfe
to
please
the
eies
of
a
father
,
but
my
yesterdaies
habit
was
to
content
the
eies
of
a
husband
.
She
,
when
some
that
knew
of
her
frequent
inchastities
,
demanded
how
it
was
possible
she
should
bring
forth
children
so
like
her
husband
,
considering
her
so
often
prostitution
with
strangers
?
answered
,
Because
I
never
take
in
passenger
till
my
ship
have
her
full
fraught
and
lading
,
Macrob.
l
2.
cap.
5
Satur.
And
so
much
for
Iulia.
Phileterus
speaking
of
those
wantons
that
lived
afore
his
time
,
Nonne
C●●cope
jam
egit
annorum
tria
millia
?
&c.
i.
Hath
not
Cercope
already
lived
three
thousand
years
?
(
and
proceeding
)
and
rough
haired
Diopeth●●
,
and
a
second
Telesis
ten
thousand
:
for
Theolite
none
knowes
or
can
remember
when
she
was
born
;
Was
not
Thais
dead
when
she
should
have
prostituted
her selfe
and
come
under
?
Io●nas
and
Neaera
are
now
dead
and
rotten
,
so
is
Phila●e
.
Or
Siphas
,
G●linas
,
and
Coronas
,
I
speak
not
.
Of
Nais
I
hold
my
peace
,
because
her
teeth
are
now
no
grinders
.
Sinope
and
Phanostrate
with
others
are
remembred
by
Demosthenes
in
his
Oration
against
Androtiones
.
Herdicus
Crateticus
speaks
of
this
Sinope
in
his
Commentaries
,
and
saith
,
That
when
she
grew
into
years
she
was
called
Ab●dus
;
she
was
no
question
of
a
famous
strumpe●
in
her
youth
,
for
Ant●phanes
speaks
of
her
in
many
of
his
Comedies
,
in
Arcade
,
in
Horlicomo
,
in
Medicatrice
,
in
Piscante
,
in
Neottide
,
in
Neottide
:
So
likewise
Alex●s
in
Cleobulina
,
and
Calicrates
in
Moscione
.
Of
Phanostrate
,
Apollodorus
writes
,
That
she
was
a
prostitute
in
Athens
(
and
that
of
her
rank
were
many
others
)
and
was
called
Phttherophile
of
Phther
,
Pediculus
,
and
Paele
Porta
,
Propter
quod
pediculos
cum
staret
in
limine
Portae
querit●bat
.
Menander
in
A●●ulatore
he
numbers
these
wantons
,
Christs
,
Coronis
,
Ant●cy●●
Ischades
,
and
Nanniculum
,
whom
he
cals
Form●su●●
va●de
,
Exceeding
fai●
.
Quintius
Curt●us
in
his
tenth
book
of
the
life
of
Alexander
the
Great
,
writes
,
That
after
many
honourable
Conquests
,
having
already
subjected
sundry
Nations
to
his
jurisdiction
(
being
now
in
India
,
where
all
his
attempts
were
prosperous
,
and
his
designs
successfull
)
proud
of
his
victories
,
and
thinking
himselfe
to
be
Fortunes
minion
,
insomuch
that
despising
the
off-spring
from
whence
he
came
,
he
caused
himselfe
to
be
called
the
Son
of
Iupiter
.
Being
puf●ed
up
with
these
thoughts
,
and
swelling
up
in
all
ambitions
,
he
betook
himselfe
to
all
voluptuous
delic●cies
,
and
of
them
,
to
the
most
tempting
riots
of
wine
and
women
;
insomuch
,
that
lulled
in
all
effeminacy
,
he
so
far
forgot
both
his
high
majesty
,
and
that
commendable
temperance
,
for
which
he
was
before
all
his
predecessors
renowned
,
that
he
sent
as
far
as
Athens
for
a
notorious
strumpet
(
branded
in
her
life
,
though
famous
for
her
beauty
)
called
Potonice
,
on
whom
the
King
was
so
much
besotted
,
that
he
not
only
gave
her
most
Princely
and
magnificent
gifts
in
her
life
time
,
but
after
her
death
caused
a
Tomb
to
be
erected
over
her
body
,
on
which
structure
the
King
bestowed
thirty
talents
.
It
were
strange
if
our
English
Chronicles
should
not
affoord
some
or
other
to
have
correspondence
with
these
.
Harlotta
,
or
Arlotta
.
THis
History
is
recorded
by
an
Historiographer
of
ancient
times
,
who
writes
himselfe
Anonymus
,
or
without
name
,
by
Gulielm
.
Malmsbury
,
Vincentius
,
Ranulphus
,
Fabian
,
Polydore
,
and
others
.
As
Robert
Duke
of
Normandy
,
and
father
to
William
the
Conqueror
,
rid
through
the
Town
of
Falois
,
he
beheld
a
beautifull
Virgin
(
a
Skinners
daughter
)
playing
and
dancing
amongst
other
Virgins
:
with
whose
feature
being
on
the
sudden
surprized
,
he
so
far
prevailed
by
his
secret
messages
and
gifts
,
that
she
was
privatly
conveied
into
the
Dukes
Chamber
,
and
there
lodged
and
put
in
a
bed
to
await
his
comming
:
who
glad
of
such
a
purchase
,
without
much
circumstance
made
himselfe
ready
for
the
businesse
intended
.
The
chamber
cleared
,
and
the
place
voided
,
and
he
ready
to
accomplish
his
desires
,
she
rent
her
smook
from
the
chin
to
the
foot
,
to
make
the
freer
way
for
the
Prince
:
and
he
demanding
the
reason
of
her
so
doing
,
she
made
him
this
pretty
and
ready
answer
;
It
were
neither
fit
nor
comely
,
that
the
neither
part
of
my
smock
should
be
turned
up
,
and
kisse
the
lips
of
my
Lord
:
at
which
the
Duke
was
much
delighted
.
And
〈◊〉
night
was
begot
William
the
Bastard
,
whom
our
Chronicles
honour
with
the
name
of
Conquerour
:
whether
at
(
first
in
memory
of
this
least
,
or
since
in
disgrace
of
the
Wanton
,
it
is
not
decided
.
But
from
that
Harlotta
or
Arlotta
,
our
prostitutes
and
common
wenches
are
to
this
day
in
our
Vulgar
Tongue
called
Harlots
.
In
the
yeer
of
our
Lord
1036
,
Guinilde
▪
the
daughter
of
Canutus
a
Dane
,
Of
divers
Wantons
belonging
to
sundry
famous
men
,
and
others
.
ARistophanes
,
Apollodorus
,
Ammonius
,
Antiphanes
,
and
Georgia
Atheniensis
,
of
your
Athenian
strumpets
writ
at
large
:
as
also
of
the
like
argument
,
Theomander
,
Cyrenaeus
,
El●us
,
Amasides
,
Theophrastus
in
l●bro
Amatorio
,
Polemon
de
Tabellis
,
lib.
3.
Ovid
,
and
infinite
others
,
out
of
whom
may
be
collected
many
famous
wantons
in
their
times
O●ymus
is
the
name
of
a
strumpet
,
much
beloved
of
a
skilfull
Sophist
in
Corinth
;
Thalatra
of
D●ocles
;
Corianno
of
Ph●recrates
;
Antea
,
of
Philillius
,
otherwise
called
Eunicus
,
Thais
and
Phannium
,
of
Menander
;
Opora
,
of
Alexis
;
Clepsydra
of
Eubulus
:
for
so
A●clepiades
,
the
son
of
Arius
,
reports
in
his
Commentary
upon
Demetrius
Phalareus
;
where
he
affirms
her
proper
name
to
be
rather
Methica
,
Cin●
,
Nannium
,
Plangon
,
Lyca
,
Pithionica
,
Myrhina
,
Christis
,
Covallis
,
Ieroclea
,
Lopadium
:
Of
these
,
likewise
Amphis
makes
mention
.
Anaxandries
in
his
description
of
the
madnesse
of
old
men
,
Theolyte
Polemon
the
H●storiographer
speaks
of
one
Cottina
,
whose
S●atue
is
erected
in
the
City
of
Lacedemon
,
not
far
from
the
Temple
of
Dionysius
;
she
is
mounted
upon
a
brazen
Bull.
Alcibiades
was
beloved
by
a
woman
of
Aegida
,
La●s
Junior
,
and
Theodota
,
by
whom
he
was
preserved
,
when
remaining
in
Melissa
,
a
City
of
Phrygia
,
Pharnabazus
laid
trains
to
entrap
his
life
.
Abrotonax
was
the
mother
of
Them●stocles
,
a
strumpet
,
as
Amphicrates
relates
.
Neanthes
Cyzicenus
(
a
Greek
Historiographer
)
cals
him
the
son
of
Euterpe
.
Ptolomaeus
Everges
in
his
Commentaries
witnesseth
;
Elusina
,
Myrtium
,
with
many
others
.
Polybius
in
his
fourteenth
book
of
Histories
,
remembers
one
Clino
,
that
was
his
Cup-bearer
,
in
whose
honour
many
Statues
were
erected
in
Alexandria
:
Mnesides
(
a
she
musician
of
the
City
Mnesis
)
and
one
Pothinae
:
his
most
delicate
houses
,
in
which
he
took
much
delight
,
he
was
wont
to
call
after
the
name
of
two
of
his
Para●ors
,
either
Myrtiae
or
Pothinae
.
Timothaeus
,
the
great
Captain
of
the
Athenians
,
was
known
to
be
the
son
of
a
common
woman
of
Threissa
:
which
being
objected
to
him
as
an
aspersion
,
he
answered
;
I
am
glad
to
have
been
born
of
such
a
mother
,
that
had
the
wisedome
to
chuse
Co●on
to
be
my
father
.
Caristius
in
his
historicall
Commentaries
,
avers
.
Phileterus
(
who
soveraignized
in
Pergamus
,
and
the
new
Region
called
Boca
)
to
be
the
son
of
a
wanton
she
Minstrel
,
born
in
Paphlagonia
.
Aristophon
the
Orator
,
who
in
the
reign
of
King
Euclides
published
a
Law
,
That
all
such
as
were
not
born
of
civill
and
free
women
,
approved
for
their
modesty
and
temperance
,
should
be
held
as
bastards
;
yet
he
himselfe
is
mocked
by
the
Comick
Poet
Calliades
,
for
being
the
son
to
the
prostitute
Chorides
,
as
many
appear
in
the
third
book
of
his
Commentaries
.
Of
Lamia
the
strumpet
,
the
King
Dmetrius
had
a
daughter
called
Phila
:
Polemon
affirms
Lamia
to
have
been
the
daughter
of
Cleonor
the
Athenian
.
Seleucus
Iunior
:
and
Mania
,
most
famous
for
her
wit
and
ingenious
discourse
,
of
Demetrius
Poliorcetes
.
Of
her
,
Machon
the
Poet
writes
much
,
as
also
of
Gnathaena
,
who
with
Dep●thaea
were
said
to
be
two
Lasses
much
beloved
of
the
Poet
Diphilus
.
The
City
of
Athens
was
so
full
of
famous
strumpets
,
that
Aristophanes
Byzantius
reckon'd
up
at
one
time
135.
but
Apollodorus
more
,
so
likewise
Gorgias
;
as
these
,
Parenum
,
Lampride
,
Euphrosine
(
the
daughter
of
a
Fuller
of
Cloth
)
Megista
,
Agallis
,
Thaumarium
,
Theoclea
(
otherwise
called
Corone
)
Lenetocistus
,
Astra
,
Gnathena
,
with
two
necces
by
her
daughter
,
Gnathenum
,
and
Siga
;
Synoris
,
sirnamed
Lichnus
;
Euclea
,
Grammea
,
Thriallis
,
Chimaera
,
Lampas
,
Glicera
,
Nico
(
sinamed
Capra
)
Hippe
,
Catullus
,
Quintilia
,
of
Calvus
Licinius
;
Lyde
,
of
Ca●●machus
;
Bathis
,
of
Phileta
,
Lycinea
and
Glicera
,
of
Horace
,
Leucadia
,
of
Terentius
Varro
Arecinus
:
Delia
,
Sulpitia
,
Sulpitia
,
N●mesis
,
Neaere
,
all
these
affected
by
Tibullus
;
Hostia
,
otherwise
called
Cinthia
,
Propertius
;
Melenus
,
of
Domitius
Marsius
Martialis
;
Cesennia
,
by
Caius
Getulicus
the
Epigramma●st
,
Bissula
,
by
Ausonius
Gallus
;
Metella
,
of
Tycida
Epigramma●●●ta
;
C●theris
(
who
was
also
called
Licoris
)
of
Cornelius
Gallus
;
Pamphilia
,
of
Valerius
Aedituus
;
Chrisis
,
of
Q.
Trabaea
the
Comick
Poet
;
Martia
,
of
Hortensius
;
Terentia
of
Marcus
Tulluss
Cicero
;
Calphurnia
,
of
Pliny
;
Prudentilla
,
of
Apuleius
;
Neaera
,
of
Licinius
Imbrex
,
a
writer
of
Comedies
;
Aeme
,
of
Septimius
;
Aufil●na
,
of
Quintius
;
Lesbia
,
whose
true
name
was
Claudia
,
of
Catullus
,
Argentaria
,
of
Lucanus
;
D●lia
,
of
Tibullus
;
Beatriae
,
of
the
Italian
Poet
Dante
;
Aureta
,
of
Petrarche
;
Pandemus
,
a
famous
C●rtisan
,
cited
by
Coelius
,
and
therefore
may
claim
a
place
in
this
Catalogue
.
Aegyptia
was
doted
on
by
Th●o●
;
M●nulia
,
a
prostitute
,
spoke
on
by
Gellius
;
Barine
,
the
name
of
a
famous
Roman
wanton
,
deciphered
by
Horace
;
Spatale
,
by
Martial
called
Mammosa
;
Chione
,
the
name
of
a
common
woman
,
expressed
by
the
same
Author
.
Licisca
,
not
only
remembred
by
him
,
but
by
Iuvenal
,
in
these
words
:
Nomen
mentila
Licis●a
.
Coelia
is
taxed
in
Martial
for
one
that
would
for
gain
prosticute
her selfe
to
all
men
.
Hermia
was
a
loose
woman
,
so
do●ed
on
by
Aristotle
,
that
he
was
said
to
sacrifice
unto
her
,
and
dedicate
sundry
Hymns
to
her
praise
:
Aristaeus
Proconnensis
.
In
this
place
Pharsalia
appearing
,
and
strutting
in
her
new
honours
,
the
Priests
surprised
with
a
sudden
fury
,
and
in
the
presence
of
all
the
people
,
tore
her
to
pieces
,
dismembring
her
limb
from
limb
:
and
being
demanded
the
reason
,
it
was
answered
,
It
was
the
just
anger
of
the
Nymph
,
for
being
so
despoiled
of
her
Crown
.
Lyda
is
remembred
to
have
been
the
mistresse
of
Antimachus
.
There
was
likewise
another
of
that
name
,
Laminthius
Milesius
.
Clearchas
affirms
either
of
these
Poets
to
have
been
be
sotted
on
that
name
,
the
one
expressing
himselfe
in
Elegies
,
the
other
in
a
Lyrick
Poem
.
Manno
the
Minstrel
was
doted
on
by
M●●llermus
as
Leontium
by
Hermosinax
Colophonius
,
both
Greek
Poets
.
Na●crates
produceth
one
Do●ica
(
amongst
many
other
fair
and
beautifull
wantons
)
whom
Sapho
writes
to
be
the
sweet
heart
of
her
brother
Charaxus
,
when
as
a
Merchant
he
touched
Naucrates
;
where
she
complains
That
by
her
,
her
brother
was
despoiled
of
all
or
the
greatest
part
of
his
goods
and
fortunes
.
Herodotus
(
though
ignorantly
)
cals
her
Rhodope
;
not
knowing
that
this
is
diverse
from
her
,
who
erected
those
famous
Obelisks
in
Delphos
,
of
whom
Cratinus
makes
ample
mention
.
Of
this
Dorica
,
Posidippus
speaks
o●ten
in
his
Aethiopia
,
and
of
her
composed
this
Epigram
:
Dorica
te
capitis
ornarunt
Mollia
vincla
,
Et
late
unguentum
pallia
quae
redolent
,
Quae
quondam
periu●undum
complexa
Charaxum
,
&c.
Thy
hair
ti'd
in
soft
knots
,
become
thee
well
;
Thy
robes
,
that
distant
,
of
sweet
odouis
smell
,
(
Fair
Dorica
)
do
thee
no
common
grace
;
In
which
thou
erst
Charaxus
didst
imbrace
.
Archedica
;
a
very
beautifull
Girle
,
was
likewise
of
this
City
:
for
as
Herhdotus
affirms
,
this
place
much
gloried
in
he●
faire
ones
.
Sapho
of
Eressus
(
who
was
enamoured
of
lovely
Phaon
)
was
here
famous
,
as
she
her selfe
expresseth
to
her
Nymphs
,
in
her
peregrination
through
Asia
.
No
ignoble
wench
was
Nicarete
the
Megarensian
,
both
for
the
antiquity
of
her
blood
,
and
for
her
practice
in
the
best
disciplines
,
as
well
to
be
beloved
,
as
admired
,
being
a
profest
hearer
of
the
Philosopher
Stilpo
.
To
her
we
may
compare
Bilistiche
the
Argive
,
who
derived
her
birth
from
the
ancient
Familie
of
the
Atrides
;
for
so
they
relate
of
her
,
that
composed
the
Grecian
Histories
.
Demetrius
Phalareus
:
he
was
used
jeastingly
and
in
sport
to
call
her
Lampito
,
as
Diyllus
reports
:
She
was
also
called
Charitoblepharus
,
which
signifies
Gratia
Cilium
,
From
the
beauty
of
her
eie-browes
.
Nicareta
was
enjoied
by
Stephanus
the
Orator
,
and
Metanira
by
Lysias
the
Sophist
.
Of
their
familiarity
were
Antea
,
Aratola
,
Aristoclea
,
Phila
,
Istmias
,
and
Neaera
(
who
was
mistresse
to
Stratoclides
)
Zenoclides
the
Poet
,
Hypparchus
the
Plaier
,
and
Phrisoninus
Paeaneius
,
the
son
of
Damon
,
and
by
his
sister
the
nephew
to
Democharis
.
It
is
said
,
That
by
arbitration
Stephanus
the
Orator
,
and
one
Phrynion
,
enjoied
Neaera
by
turns
,
and
severall
daies
.
These
called
her
youngest
daughter
Sirobyla
by
the
name
of
Phano
,
acknowledging
her
to
be
their
own
.
But
lest
with
this
multiplicity
of
H●stories
I
shovld
grow
tedious
,
here
(
though
abruptly
)
I
will
pawse
for
the
present
.
Of
Famous
Wantons
.
OF
some
of
these
,
something
more
at
large
.
It
is
a
Maxim
,
Amor
ubique
in
natura
;
Love
is
every
where
in
Nature
.
The
Poets
(
as
Euripides
and
others
)
called
him
,
The
Great
and
most
mighty
of
the
gods
:
and
grave
Aeschilus
in
Danais
introduc'd
his
mother
Venus
,
thus
saying
:
Ferire
purus
Aether
,
arva
concupit
Amorque
terrae
,
consequi
vult
Nuptias
,
&c.
The
pure
air
ever
loves
to
stroke
the
fields
,
And
to
the
nuptials
of
the
air
,
th'
earth
yields
;
The
shours
drop
from
the
clear
heavens
,
and
rain
down
To
kisse
the
Earth
,
and
give
her
a
fresh
Gown
,
Whose
garments
were
late
thred-bare
:
even
these
prove
In
senslesse
things
,
congresse
,
and
marriage
love
;
Whose
birth
we
look
for
:
where
the
Countrie
Swain
The
Mid-wife
pla●es
;
and
Apples
,
Fruits
,
and
Grain
Returns
us
in
their
time
.
Then
Ceres
takes
These
infants
to
her
charge
,
nor
them
forsakes
;
But
(
whilst
she
can
)
from
all
corruption
saves
,
Till
being
ripe
for
death
,
we
find
them
graves
.
If
you
would
know
who
first
prescrib'd
these
lawes
Of
this
free
birth
,
I
(
Venus
)
am
the
cause
.
The
like
Euripides
speaks
in
Hyppolitus
.
If
then
this
universality
of
Love
be
in
senslesse
creatures
,
no
marvel
if
it
be
so
frequent
in
such
as
pretend
to
understand
.
Herodotus
lib.
1
saith
,
So
much
I
did
owe
thee
,
O
goddesse
Melitta
.
Nor
was
any
woman
to
refuse
the
monie
that
was
offered
her
(
whatsoever
it
were
)
because
it
was
to
be
emploied
in
their
supposed
pious
uses
.
Neither
was
it
lawful
for
a
woman
to
refuse
any
man
,
but
she
was
compelled
to
follow
him
that
cast
the
first
coin
into
her
apron
.
This
being
done
,
it
was
lawfull
for
her
to
mingle
her selfe
in
prostitution
with
whom
she
pleased
.
The
fairest
and
most
beautifull
,
were
for
the
most
part
soonest
dispatcht
,
but
others
that
have
been
ugly
and
deformed
,
have
been
forced
to
sit
in
the
Temple
,
some
one
,
some
two
,
some
three
years
,
and
upwards
,
before
they
could
meet
with
any
by
whose
help
they
might
give
satisfaction
to
the
Law
,
return
to
their
own
houses
,
and
make
use
of
their
free
liberty
.
The
like
custome
(
though
not
in
every
particular
)
was
in
Cyprus
.
Amongst
the
Ca●nians
(
a
people
in
Coria
)
there
was
a
yearly
convention
of
young
men
and
women
to
the
like
purpose
,
as
the
same
Author
in
the
same
book
affirms
.
Aelianus
de
var.
Histor.
lib.
4.
saith
,
That
the
Lydian
women
before
their
marriage
presented
themselves
for
gain
,
till
they
had
purchased
to
themselves
a
competent
dowrie
;
but
having
once
selected
a
husband
,
they
from
that
time
lived
in
all
continence
and
chastity
.
From
this
generality
I
come
to
particulars
,
and
first
of
Thau
.
She
was
a
strumpe●
of
Corinth
,
whose
beauty
bewitched
all
the
Attick
youth
.
Her
the
Greek
Poet
Menander
in
his
works
most
celebrated
,
of
whom
she
was
called
Menandraea
.
Clitarchus
specifies
unto
us
,
That
she
was
much
beloved
of
Alexander
the
Great
:
at
whose
request
(
after
the
conquest
of
Cyrus
)
all
the
Imperial
Pallaces
of
Persepolis
(
with
the
greatest
part
of
the
City
)
were
●et
on
fire
,
and
burned
down
to
the
earth
.
This
strumpet
(
after
the
death
of
Alexander
)
was
married
to
the
first
Ptolomey
of
Aegypt
,
by
whom
she
had
two
sons
,
Leontiscus
and
Legus
,
with
one
daughter
called
Irene
,
whom
Solon
King
of
Cyprus
,
after
took
to
wife
.
Lamia
was
a
Courtizan
of
Athens
,
and
entired
to
Demetrius
,
a
Lord
of
many
Nations
,
insomuch
,
that
in
his
Armour
and
Crown
,
with
his
Imperial
Diadem
,
he
was
often
seen
publikely
to
enter
her
roof
,
to
converse
with
her
,
and
eat
at
her
Table
.
It
had
been
lesse
dishonour
for
so
great
a
person
,
to
have
given
her
meeting
more
privately
.
In
this
one
thing
Diodorus
the
minstrel
was
preferred
before
Demetrius
:
who
being
divers
times
sent
for
to
this
Courtizans
house
,
refused
to
come
.
This
Lamia
was
wont
(
as
Aelianus
lib.
1.
reports
)
to
compare
the
Greeks
to
Lions
,
and
the
Ephesians
to
Wolves
.
Gnathaena
was
of
the
same
Countrie
,
and
born
in
Athens
,
of
whom
it
is
thus
remembered
:
A
noble
fellow
drawn
as
far
as
the
Hellesport
by
the
attractive
fame
of
her
beauty
,
she
gave
him
both
meeting
and
entertainment
:
of
which
he
growing
proud
,
and
somewhat
insolent
,
using
much
loquacity
and
superfluous
language
(
being
in
the
heat
of
wine
and
lust
)
she
asked
him
.
Whether
(
as
he
pretended
)
became
from
the
Hellespont
?
To
whom
he
answered
;
He
did
:
She
replied
,
And
do
you
know
the
name
of
the
chiefe
City
there
?
He
told
her
,
Yes
.
She
then
desired
him
to
give
it
name
?
He
told
her
,
it
was
called
Sygaeum
.
By
which
she
ingeniously
reproved
his
verbositie
;
since
Sygae
(
of
which
Greek
word
the
City
takes
denomination
)
signifieth
silence
and
taciturnity
.
Of
her
prompt
and
witty
answers
the
Poet
Machon
sets
down
many
:
for
she
was
held
to
be
wondrous
facetious
and
sco●●ing
,
and
exceedingly
beloved
of
the
Poet
Diphilus
.
Lynceus
likewise
remembers
many
things
concerning
her
.
Pausonius
Lacus
being
dancing
in
her
presence
,
in
doing
a
lofty
trick
above
ground
,
and
not
able
to
recover
himselfe
,
he
fell
headlong
into
a
vessel
that
stood
by
:
See
(
saith
she
)
Lacus
in
cadum
incidit
,
i.
The
Pool
hath
powered
himselfe
into
the
Vessel
:
Lacus
not
only
signifies
a
Pool
,
but
a
Vessel
which
receiveth
the
wine
when
it
is
pressed
.
Another
,
offering
her
a
small
quantity
of
wine
in
a
great
and
large
bowle
and
told
her
withall
,
That
it
was
at
least
seventeen
years
old
,
Truly
(
answered
she
)
it
is
wondrous
little
of
the
age
.
Two
young
men
in
the
heat
of
wine
quarrelling
about
her
,
and
going
to
buffers
,
to
him
that
had
the
worst
she
thus
said
,
Despair
nor
youth
,
Non
enim
Coronarium
est
certamen
sed
Argenteum
,
i.
This
was
a
prize
for
monie
only
,
not
for
a
Garland
.
When
one
had
given
her
fair
daughter
(
who
was
of
the
same
profession
)
a
piece
of
gold
valued
at
a
pound
,
and
had
received
no
more
then
labour
for
his
travell
,
and
bare
looks
for
his
monie
,
to
him
she
said
,
Thou
for
this
pound
art
made
free
of
my
daughter
,
as
those
that
are
admitted
into
the
school
of
Hyppomachus
the
Master-wrestler
;
who
oft
times
see
him
play
,
but
seldome
prove
his
strength
;
admire
his
skill
,
but
never
trie
his
cunning
.
Many
such
(
with
great
elegancy
)
came
frequently
from
her
;
for
(
as
Lynceus
saith
of
her
)
she
was
Concinna
admodum
&
urbana
.
Aristodemus
in
his
second
book
Ridiculorum
memorab
.
relates
,
That
when
two
men
had
bargained
for
her
at
once
,
a
souldier
and
a
mean
fellow
,
the
souldier
in
great
contumely
called
her
Lacus
,
or
Lake
:
Why
do
you
thus
nick-name
me
?
saith
she
,
because
you
two
floods
fall
into
me
,
Lycus
and
Liber
:
Lycus
is
a
river
not
far
from
Laodicea
,
which
sometimes
runneth
under
the
earth
,
and
in
many
places
bursteth
up
again
.
She
writ
a
book
which
she
called
Lex
Convinalis
,
imitating
the
Philosophers
of
those
times
,
who
had
compiled
works
of
the
like
subject
:
The
project
of
her
book
was
,
how
her
guests
ought
to
behave
themselves
at
Table
towards
her
and
her
daughter
.
The
like
Law
Callim●chus
composed
in
three
hundred
and
three
and
twenty
Verses
.
Rhodope
was
a
Courtisan
of
Aegypt
,
one
that
by
her
prostitution
came
to
such
a
masse
of
wealth
,
that
she
of
her
own
private
charge
,
caused
to
be
erected
a
magnificent
Pyramis
,
equalling
those
that
there
raised
by
the
greatest
Princes
.
Sapho
cals
her
Dorica
,
and
makes
her
the
mistresse
of
her
brother
Charapus
,
upon
whom
he
spent
and
consumed
all
his
fortunes
,
even
to
the
utmost
of
penury
:
of
whom
Ovid
thus
writes
,
Arsit
inops
frater
,
&c.
Aelianus
and
others
report
her
for
a
woman
most
beautiful
,
who
bathing
her self
in
a
pleasant
and
cleer
fountain
in
her
garden
,
her
handmaids
attending
her
with
all
things
necessary
,
upon
a
sudden
an
Eagle
sowsing
down
,
snatched
up
one
of
her
shooes
,
and
flying
with
it
as
far
as
the
great
City
Memphis
,
let
it
fall
from
above
into
the
lap
of
the
King
Psamneticus
,
then
sitting
in
publike
judgement
:
who
much
amazed
at
the
strangenesse
of
the
accident
,
but
most
at
the
riches
,
proportion
,
and
curiositie
of
the
shooe
,
instantly
commanded
that
all
Aegypt
should
be
through-sought
,
till
they
could
find
the
owner
thereof
,
by
matching
it
with
the
fellow
:
which
hapned
soon
after
.
Being
brought
before
the
King
,
he
was
so
infinitely
surprized
with
her
feature
,
that
the
same
hour
he
contracted
her
in
marriage
,
and
consequently
made
her
his
Queen
.
Some
say
she
was
first
a
Thracian
Damosel
,
and
servant
to
Iadmone
of
Samos
;
she
was
after
carried
into
Aegypt
by
the
Philosopher
Zanthus
Samius
.
She
was
a
friend
and
patronesse
of
Aesopus
,
so
famous
for
his
Fables
still
frequent
amongst
us
.
Metra
was
the
daughter
of
Erisic●thon
a
Thessalian
,
who
having
spent
all
his
fortunes
,
and
wasted
even
his
necessary
means
(
as
brought
to
the
lowest
exigent
of
penury
)
was
forced
to
make
merchandise
of
his
daughters
Chastitie
;
but
she
would
not
yield
her selfe
to
the
imbraces
of
any
man
,
without
the
gift
and
tender
of
a
horse
,
an
oxe
,
a
cow
,
a
sheep
or
a
goat
,
or
some
such
like
commodity
,
to
the
supply
of
her
fathers
necessity
:
(
for
it
seems
that
coin
and
jewels
were
not
then
in
use
)
For
the
exchange
aforesaid
the
Thessalians
fabled
,
That
she
could
transhape
her selfe
into
all
creatures
presented
unto
her
by
her
lovers
.
And
hence
came
that
old
●dage
,
More
changeable
then
Erisicthons
Metir●
,
Much
of
the
like
continence
was
Cy●ene
,
a
notious
strumpet
,
who
as
Erasmus
reports
,
explaining
of
that
old
proverb
,
Duodecim
artium
nemo
,
i.
A
man
of
twelve
Arts
or
Trades
,
could
use
her
professed
Venery
twelve
severall
waies
.
Archianasse
was
sirnamed
●●●phonia
,
as
born
in
the
City
of
Colophon
,
and
was
beloved
of
Plato
the
Divine
Philosopher
,
of
whom
he
himself
thus
protested
.
Archianassam
ego
teneo
Colophonis
amicam
,
Cujus
in
rugis
,
mollia
ludit
amor
.
Archianasse
I
still
hold
Mistresse
,
and
I
say
There
is
no
wrinckle
in
her
face
,
In
which
love
doth
not
play
.
Thus
we
see
the
deepest
Philosophers
and
the
wisest
men
,
have
made
themselves
the
captives
of
beauty
and
vassals
lust
.
Dem●sthenes
the
Orator
was
guilty
of
the
like
aspersions
,
and
subject
to
much
intemperance
.
It
is
said
,
that
having
children
by
a
noted
strumpet
,
when
both
the
mother
and
the
children
were
cited
before
the
judgement
seat
(
to
avoid
calumny
)
he
presented
the
children
without
the
mother
,
though
it
were
against
the
custome
of
the
City
:
for
as
Idomeneus
saith
,
notwithstanding
he
were
outwardly
of
a
modest
disposition
and
carriage
,
yet
inwardly
he
was
profuse
and
incontinent
.
It
is
reported
of
him
that
he
was
wandrous
prodigall
and
expensice
in
banquets
and
women
,
insomuch
,
that
the
publike
scribe
speaking
of
him
in
an
Oration
,
thus
said
,
What
shall
we
then
think
of
the
Orator
Demosthenes
,
when
what
he
hath
by
his
great
travel
and
industry
purchased
in
a
whole
year
,
he
will
dissolutely
spend
in
one
night
upon
a
woman
?
The
like
Nicolaus
Damascenus
writes
of
Demetrius
,
the
last
of
that
succession
,
who
so
much
doted
on
Myrina
Samia
,
That
she
commanded
from
him
all
things
save
his
Diadem
;
so
that
not
only
Philosophers
,
but
even
Kings
have
made
themselves
subject
to
all
kind
of
voluptuousnesse
and
luxuries
;
and
what
hath
been
the
lamentable
successe
,
but
shame
and
dishonour
,
the
wasting
of
private
estates
,
and
the
miserable
subversion
of
Kingdomes
.
Therefore
Claudian
in
his
third
book
in
Stiliconis
Laudes
,
thus
saith
:
—
Nam
caetera
regna
Lu●eur●●
viti●
edusque
superbia
vertit
,
&c.
Of
other
Kingdomes
the
imper●●l
state
Last
doth
subvert
with
vices
;
P●●e
with
hate
So
by
the
Spartons
A●thens
was
subdu'd
;
And
so
〈◊〉
fell
:
The
Medes
did
first
intrude
Into
the
Assyrian
Monarchy
:
their
lust
Burted
their
towring
honours
in
the
dust
.
From
the
luxurious
Medes
,
the
Persians
reft
Their
proud
dominion
:
they
grown
lustful
,
left
Their
Empire
to
the
Macedonian
sway
,
Who
kept
it
till
they
wanton
grew
:
then
they
Their
honours
to
the
temperate
Romans
sold
,
For
so
the
ancient
Sibils
had
fore-told
.
The
effects
of
this
will
more
plainly
appear
in
the
History
ensuing
.
Aspasia
,
otherwise
called
Socratica
,
is
numbred
amongst
the
fairest
women
of
her
time
,
insomuch
,
that
she
had
several
suitors
from
all
the
Provinces
of
Greece
,
as
Aristophanes
delivers
in
his
discourse
of
the
Peloponnesian
war
:
insomuch
,
that
Peri●les
(
for
the
love
of
this
Aspasia
,
and
for
some
servants
of
hers
,
taken
from
her
by
force
)
begun
and
established
that
terrible
decree
against
the
M●garenses
,
remembred
by
Stesombrotus
Thasius
.
She
about
her
private
and
necessary
occasions
sending
her
bawd
Symaetha
to
the
City
of
Megara
,
the
young
men
of
the
City
detained
her
:
upon
which
restraint
she
sent
two
others
,
who
not
being
suffered
to
return
,
from
these
strumpets
did
arise
a
war
,
almost
to
the
depopulation
of
the
greatest
part
of
Greece
.
It
is
likewise
spoken
of
that
Cyrus
(
who
warred
against
his
brother
)
to
have
had
a
Mistresse
of
great
wisdome
and
wonderfull
beauty
,
bred
in
the
City
of
Phocis
,
who
as
Zenophanes
saith
,
was
first
called
Milto
,
and
after
,
Aspasia
.
Of
these
in
generall
,
Juvenal
with
great
elegancy
speaks
in
his
Satyrs
:
Nil
non
permittit
mulier
,
sibi
turpe
putat
nil
Cum
vir●des
gemmas
collo
circumedit
,
&
cum
Auribus
extentis
magnos
committit
elenchos
.
There
's
nothing
that
a
woman
will
respect
,
Nothing
so
vile
or
odious
that
she
fears
,
So
she
with
glistring
Jewels
may
be
dect
,
And
have
great
pendant
Pearls
weight
down
her
ears
.
Of
Mista
,
and
others
,
PHilarchus
observes
this
Mysta
to
be
much
favoured
by
the
King
Seleucus
:
who
being
expelled
by
the
Galathians
,
and
hardly
escaping
with
life
,
when
his
Pallace
was
seized
and
surprized
,
she
casting
aside
all
her
Princely
ornaments
,
put
on
a
servile
habit
,
and
mingled
her selfe
in
the
society
of
her
handmaids
and
servants
,
having
so
disguised
her selfe
,
that
she
remained
unknown
,
and
by
that
means
was
sold
amongst
the
rest
at
a
smal
rate
,
and
bought
by
the
Rhodian
Merchants
,
to
whom
after
she
disclosed
her selfe
.
They
to
insinuate
into
the
favour
of
Seleucus
(
who
had
recovered
his
former
fortunes
)
sent
her
to
him
nobly
attended
in
great
state
and
magnificence
,
of
whom
she
was
accordingly
received
,
and
they
most
bounteously
rewarded
.
Antecyra
as
(
Caelius
,
lib.
13.
cap.
6.
reports
)
was
a
famous
(
or
rather
infamous
)
strumpet
,
so
called
,
because
she
yielded
up
her
body
to
lunaticks
and
mad
men
;
or
else
because
the
Physi●ian
Nicostratus
,
at
his
death
,
left
her
such
a
quantity
of
Hellebore
.
Colvia
Crisalpina
is
called
by
Tacitus
,
lib.
17.
the
stale
mistresse
of
Nero's
lust
,
an
apt
pupil
for
such
a
tutoresse
.
Apollodorus
and
Caelius
write
of
two
sisters
,
called
Stragonium
and
Anthis
,
both
of
the
veneral
profession
:
These
were
by
a
nickname
called
by
some
Aphiae
,
because
of
the
smalnesse
of
their
statures
,
and
the
greatnesse
of
their
eies
.
Cynna
,
Saluacha
,
and
Casauria
,
were
three
famous
strumpets
or
Athens
,
many
times
remembred
by
Aristophanes
in
his
Comedies
.
Hemippus
lib.
1.
de
Aristot
.
speaks
of
Herpillides
the
Paramour
of
Aristotle
,
he
had
by
her
a
son
called
Nicomochus
.
Melissa
the
daughter
of
Proclaeis
(
as
Pythenetus
in
his
third
book
de
Aegina
relates
)
was
beloved
of
Periander
ex
Ep●dauro
King
of
Corinth
,
and
numbred
amongst
the
seven
wise
men
of
Greece
:
He
seeing
her
attired
after
the
manner
of
the
Peloponnesians
(
that
was
,
almost
naked
,
save
a
garment
next
to
her
skin
)
and
in
that
manner
ministring
wine
to
his
servants
and
workmen
;
he
was
suddenly
so
surprized
with
her
beauty
,
that
he
first
enterteined
her
as
his
friend
and
familiar
mistresse
,
and
shortly
after
in
great
state
and
publick
solemnity
received
and
acknowledged
her
his
Queen
and
wife
.
Xenophon
reports
of
Socrates
to
have
had
familiar
conference
with
Theodata
,
whose
speech
was
to
this
purpose
,
Be●●●e
thee
O
Socrates
(
saith
she
)
I
claim
a
just
precedence
,
and
held
my selfe
the
worthier
person
of
the
two
:
he
demanding
the
reason
,
she
thus
proceeded
.
Because
thou
with
all
thy
gravity
and
austerity
of
discipline
canst
not
alie●●te
from
me
and
my
society
any
one
of
my
suitors
and
clients
,
but
I
when
I
please
can
draw
from
thee
the
best
of
thy
schollers
and
pupils
,
both
such
as
I
like
and
at
what
time
I
best
please
.
To
whom
Socrates
repli'd
,
It
is
no
wonder
,
O
Theodota
,
since
the
way
to
thy
house
is
meerly
to
naughtinesse
,
and
lies
down
the
hill
;
but
the
path
to
my
school
is
solely
tending
to
nobleness
and
vertue
;
and
is
the
way
up
hill
,
therefore
the
passage
sublime
and
difficult
.
It
is
said
that
Apelles
espying
Lais
(
when
she
was
a
young
Virgin
)
drawing
water
from
the
Pyrenaean
fountain
,
admiring
her
beauty
,
which
was
not
yet
grown
unto
perfection
,
he
conducted
her
by
the
arm
home
to
his
shop
,
and
presented
her
to
his
fellow
Painters
;
but
they
deriding
his
folly
that
he
would
entertain
a
virgin
,
one
not
capable
of
prostitution
:
he
said
,
doubt
you
not
,
for
within
this
three
years
I
will
deliver
her
up
to
the
game
the
most
beautifullest
of
any
Virgin
living
.
The
like
Xeaophon
i●
Mirabil
.
testates
,
That
Socrates
presaged
of
this
Theodata
in
her
childhood
,
Quod
pulcherrima
esset
dicebat
,
pectusque
quovis
ratione
haberet
formosius
,
i.
He
said
,
That
she
would
not
only
prove
outwardly
fair
,
but
her
brest
within
,
every
way
more
beautifull
.
Demades
the
Orator
had
a
son
called
Demeas
,
by
a
she-minstrel
,
one
that
plaied
upon
the
Flate
,
or
the
Shaum
;
this
young
man
puffing
and
blowing
,
and
being
as
our
English
phrase
saith
)
in
a
pelting
chafe
,
Hyperides
then
standing
by
,
Peace
(
saith
he
)
young
man
,
and
be
patient
,
for
thy
cheeks
began
to
swel
bigger
then
thy
mothers
.
Nicaeus
in
Successionis
Philosoph
▪
saith
,
That
the
Philosopher
Doristhenites
,
was
the
son
of
a
strumpet
called
Olympia
Lacena
.
Sophocles
the
Tragedian
had
in
his
delights
one
Theorides
,
in
his
age
and
decaying
strength
:
therefore
in
his
praier
to
Venus
he
thus
saith
,
O
nutrix
juvenum
exaudi
,
mihi
da
mulierem
Abnuere
hanc
,
&c.
Heare
me
thou
nurse
of
youth
,
I
thee
intreat
,
And
grant
that
she
to
whom
my
love
's
so
great
,
May
shun
the
beds
of
young
men
,
and
despise
Their
hot
affection
:
only
cast
her
eies
On
aged
men
,
whose
heads
are
snow'd
by
time
,
Who
though
decaid
in
strength
,
have
minds
sublime
.
Stasimus
saith
,
that
this
Theorides
was
the
first
friend
of
Theoris
.
Sophocles
after
forsaking
her
,
made
election
of
another
,
called
Archippe
,
whom
as
Hegesander
writes
,
he
made
his
heire
.
Isocrates
the
modestest
of
all
Orators
,
was
taxed
with
two
wantons
,
namely
,
Metanira
,
and
Calles
,
for
so
Lysias
affirms
in
his
Epistles
.
Demosthenes
in
an
Oration
against
Neaera
,
confers
Metanira
upon
Lysias
,
who
had
another
mistresse
called
Lagis
,
whose
Encomium
was
writ
by
the
Orator
Cephalus
,
as
Alcidamus
L●ites
(
the
scholler
of
Georgius
)
most
eloquently
penned
the
praises
of
his
beloved
Nais
.
This
Nais
Lysias
gave
description
of
in
an
Oration
against
Philonides
,
her
proper
name
was
Archias
:
of
her
Aristophanes
makes
mention
in
Geritade
and
in
Pluto
,
where
he
saith
,
Amat
ne
Lais
,
num
tua
Philonidem
causa
?
Which
should
be
writ
Nais
,
not
Lais
,
as
Athenaeus
is
of
opinion
.
Hermippus
speaking
of
Isocrates
,
saith
,
That
he
enterteined
into
his
house
the
Strumpet
Lagisca
,
by
whom
he
had
a
daughter
.
Lysias
in
an
oration
reckons
up
divers
other
prostitutes
,
Philyra
,
Scione
,
Hyppaphesis
,
Theoclea
,
Psamathe
,
Lagisca
,
Anthaea
,
Aristoclea
,
and
Dagnista
.
Alce
was
the
name
of
a
famous
Curtizan
,
as
may
be
gathered
out
of
the
words
of
Laberius
,
Petrus
Crinitus
,
and
others
.
Pythagoras
the
Samian
Philosopher
,
in
speaking
of
his
transformations
,
reporteth
himselfe
first
to
have
been
Euphorbus
,
then
Pyrander
,
then
Calidena
,
and
after
a
strumpet
of
admired
feature
called
Alce
:
with
this
Pythagorean
Metamorphosis
,
Laberius
the
Mimick
Poet
thus
sported
,
—
Vt
n●s
olim
mutant
Philosophi
Et
nunc
de
mulo
hominem
,
de
muliebere
colubrum
,
Faciant
—
i.
As
the
Philosophers
of
old
change
us
,
making
of
a
Mule
a
Man
,
and
of
a
woman
a
Snake
.
Petrus
Crinitus
cals
her
Famoso
nominus
Alce
.
In
the
threescore
and
fourth
Olympiad
,
in
the
time
that
Hippias
and
Hipparchus
tyrannised
in
the
City
of
Athens
(
as
Eusebius
relates
in
his
Annals
)
Harmodius
and
Aristogiton
with
others
(
but
those
of
the
most
note
)
made
a
conjuration
against
the
two
Princes
,
and
in
this
conspiracy
was
Hypparchus
slain
.
Leaena
a
famous
strumpet
,
being
known
to
be
affected
to
some
of
that
faction
(
as
being
endeered
to
them
for
some
former
curtesies
)
was
called
into
question
,
and
being
commanded
to
discover
the
Regicides
,
and
obstinately
refusing
it
,
she
was
adjudged
to
the
rack
,
where
with
wondrous
patience
enduring
many
almost
insufferable
torments
,
and
still
being
urged
to
discover
what
she
knew
concerning
that
confederacy
;
she
with
a
noble
and
memorable
resolution
,
bit
out
her
tongue
,
and
cast
it
into
the
face
of
the
tyrant
Hyppias
:
which
act
,
Pliny
and
others
record
as
a
president
of
admirable
patience
in
a
woman
.
Let
Leaena
(
saith
he
)
the
strumpet
be
memorized
for
her
inconstancy
,
who
by
no
tortures
could
be
inforced
to
discover
Harmodius
and
Aristogiton
,
by
whose
hands
the
tyrant
Hypparchus
fell
.
For
the
like
resolution
is
Anaxarchides
renowned
amongst
men
by
Zeno
and
others
.
Erasmus
in
Chiliad
.
speaks
of
Sinope
before
named
,
a
famous
strumpet
of
Corinth
,
to
be
so
extreamly
given
over
to
lust
,
that
from
her
came
the
Latine
word
Sinopissare
,
which
signifieth
,
to
be
in
the
highest
degree
libidinous
or
voluptuous
.
Suidas
saith
,
That
Nannium
the
whore
was
called
Capra
,
because
she
devoured
a
Vintner
(
or
made
him
break
)
called
Thallus
,
which
word
sometimes
signifies
Germen
,
i.
A
bough
or
sprig
on
which
Goats
love
to
feed
.
Acca
Laurentia
,
the
wife
of
Faustulus
the
Kings
shepherd
,
who
being
a
beautifull
woman
,
prostituted
her
body
for
gain
:
she
was
sirnamed
Lupa
,
and
from
her
even
to
this
day
all
brothel-houses
are
called
Lupanaria
.
She
nursed
and
brought
up
Romulus
,
and
Remus
,
Liv.
lib.
1.
Decad.
1.
Plutarch
in
Vita
Romuli
.
Flora
the
strumpet
,
who
was
likewise
called
Laurentia
,
constituted
the
people
of
Rome
her
hei●
;
from
her
came
the
yearly
feasts
celebrated
,
called
Floralia
:
of
her
,
Gellius
lib.
6.
cap.
7.
and
Vollat
.
lib.
16.
speaks
more
at
large
.
Manilia
was
a
Roman
Cur●esan
,
whom
Hostilius
M●ncinus
called
into
question
,
because
a
stone
was
cast
upon
him
from
one
of
her
galleries
:
Gellius
.
Phebe
was
a
freed
woman
to
Julia
the
daughter
of
Augustus
Caesar
,
and
a
companion
with
her
in
all
her
lusts
and
brothelries
;
who
when
she
beard
that
her
mistress
was
confined
by
her
father
,
earing
some
severe
censure
from
the
Emperer
,
slew
her
sel●
to
prevent
further
torture
:
Dion
in
Augusto
.
The
immoderate
lust
of
Caelia
,
Martial
,
lib.
7.
thus
reproves
:
Das
Cattis
,
das
Germanis
,
das
Caelia
Dacis
,
Nec
Cilicum
spernis
Cappadocumque
toros
,
&c.
To
th'
Catti
,
Germans
,
and
the
Dacians
thou
Caelia
giv'st
welcome
,
and
thou
dost
allow
The
Cappadians
and
Cilicians
bed
:
Besides
,
from
Pharo
thou
art
furnished
With
Memphian
whorers
,
from
the
red
sea
sails
The
swarthy
Indian
,
and
he
brings
thee
vails
,
And
thou
tak'st
all
,
neither
wilt
thou
refuse
The
offer
of
the
circumcised
Jewes
,
&c.
Catullus
of
his
Lesbia
thus
speaks
:
Nulla
potest
mulier
tantum
se
dicere
amatum
,
Vere
,
quantum
à
me
Lesbia
amata
mea
est
.
No
woman
truly
can
report
to
be
,
So
well
belov'd
,
as
Lesbia
thou
of
me
.
So
Quintus
Frabaeus
Comediographus
of
his
〈…〉
De
improviso
Chrysis
ubi
me
aspexerit
,
Alacris
obviam
mihi
veneit
,
&c.
Wheu
Chrysis
on
the
sudden
me
espi'd
,
She
look'd
upon
me
with
a
chearful
face
,
Wishing
withall
,
that
me
she
might
embrace
,
To
whom
she
owes
her selfe
:
this
I
have
tri'd
.
It
is
fortune
I
have
seldome
known
,
And
such
as
I
prefer
before
mine
own
.
Dion
,
Nicaeus
▪
and
X●philinus
,
in
the
life
of
the
Emperour
Commodus
,
besides
the
strumpet
Martia
whom
he
took
to
wife
,
remembers
one
Damostrata
,
whom
he
after
bestowed
upon
Cleander
,
him
whom
from
a
bondman
he
raised
to
be
of
his
privy
chamber
.
Time
,
Paper
,
and
Leisure
would
faile
me
before
example
,
and
I
desire
not
to
be
tedious
.
I
have
hitherto
shewed
you
what
whores
are
,
I
now
desire
to
expresse
unto
you
what
they
should
be
.
Mary
Magdalen
the
daughter
of
Syrus
and
Eucharia
,
and
sister
to
Lazarus
and
Martha
,
for
some
years
gave
her selfe
up
to
all
voluptuousnesse
and
pleasure
,
insomuch
that
she
had
incurred
the
name
of
a
common
strumpet
;
but
after
,
when
she
cast
her selfe
prostrate
and
washed
the
feet
of
our
Saviour
with
her
tears
,
and
dried
them
with
the
hairs
of
her
head
,
and
annointing
him
with
costly
ointment
in
the
house
of
Simon
the
Leper
,
her
sins
were
forgiven
her
.
We
read
likewise
of
Aphra
who
was
born
in
Creet
,
her
mothers
name
was
Hylaria
a
notorious
bawd
:
This
Aphra
with
her
three
servants
,
Dimna
,
Eugenia
,
and
Eutropia
,
for
mony
prostituted
themselves
to
all
men
;
but
she
her selfe
being
after
converted
to
the
Faith
,
by
Narcissus
Bishop
of
Jerusalem
,
abjured
all
incontinence
,
and
adhering
to
the
Christian
Religion
,
proved
so
constant
in
the
same
,
that
for
the
true
Faith
she
suffered
martydome
.
Nicaeta
and
Aquilina
,
were
two
beautifull
strumpets
,
and
made
gaine
of
their
bodies
;
these
were
imploied
by
King
Dagnes
to
tempt
and
traduce
the
blessed
Saint
Christopher
,
and
to
upbraid
him
of
false
Religion
,
but
it
fell
out
the
contrary
to
the
purpose
of
the
tyrant
;
for
those
two
being
by
him
converted
to
the
true
faith
,
and
not
to
be
removed
by
meanaces
or
torments
,
were
after
by
the
same
King
both
caused
to
be
slain
.
Faucula
Clavia
is
remembred
by
the
Historiographer
Livy
,
who
though
she
was
of
that
wanton
and
loose
behaviour
,
yet
highly
commended
for
her
piety
;
she
to
her
great
charge
ministred
food
and
sustenance
to
many
of
the
distressed
Roman
souldiers
,
all
the
time
that
Hannibal
was
possessed
at
Capua
.
Marullus
lib.
2.
cap.
12.
and
Sabin
.
lib.
5.
cap.
5.
speak
of
Thais
an
Egyptian
strumpet
,
who
by
the
often
admonitions
of
the
Abbot
Pannutius
,
repented
her
of
her
wicked
and
lewd
life
;
and
to
give
the
best
satisfaction
to
the
world
that
she
was
able
,
she
caused
a
great
fire
to
be
made
,
and
all
that
wealth
which
she
had
gathered
by
her
prostitution
she
cast
therein
,
and
caused
it
to
be
burned
before
her
face
;
and
from
a
common
Brothel-house
,
retired
her selfe
to
a
private
Monastery
,
where
after
three
years
penitentiall
solitude
,
she
expired
.
Pelagia
Antiochena
,
so
called
because
she
was
born
in
Antioch
▪
exceeding
in
wealth
,
and
excelling
in
beauty
,
was
wholly
given
over
to
immoderate
luxuries
,
insomuch
,
that
no
woman
appeared
in
publike
more
gawdily
apparelled
,
or
more
voluptuously
minded
then
her selfe
;
but
being
drawn
by
some
religiously
disposed
friend
of
hers
,
to
hear
the
Sermons
of
Nonius
Bishop
of
Heliopolis
,
she
acknowledged
her
error
,
cast
off
her
gay
and
gawdy
attire
,
bewailed
her
sins
,
and
lamented
her
lewd
course
of
life
,
distribiting
her
wealth
amongst
the
poor
and
as
a
farewel
to
all
loosenesse
and
intemperance
,
builded
a
poor
Cottage
in
the
mount
of
Olives
.
And
lest
any
violence
in
such
a
solitude
might
be
done
unto
her
,
in
the
way
of
prevention
she
changed
her
habit
,
and
called
her selfe
Pelagius
,
proceeding
in
that
sanctity
of
life
that
where
before
of
Pelagia
she
was
called
Pelagus
Vitiorum
,
i.
A
sea
of
Vices
,
she
was
after
stiled
Pelagus
Vertutum
,
amarissimus
Marath
aquas
in
dulces
convertens
,
i.
An
Ocean
of
Vertues
,
turning
the
most
bitter
Waters
of
Marath
into
sweet
.
And
thus
I
conclude
with
these
Wantons
,
wishing
all
such
whose
lives
have
been
us
ill
,
and
infamous
,
that
their
ends
might
prove
as
good
and
glorious
.
Explicit
lib.
Sextus
,
Inscriptus
Erato
.
THE
SEVENTH
BOOK
inscribed
POLYHIMNIA
,
or
MEMORY
.
Intreating
of
the
Piety
of
Daughters
towards
their
Parents
,
Women
to
their
children
,
Sisters
to
their
Brothers
,
Wives
to
their
Husbands
,
&c.
THere
is
no
gift
(
according
to
Reason
)
bestowed
upon
man
,
more
sacred
,
more
profitable
,
or
availing
towards
the
attaining
of
the
best
Arts
and
Disciplines
(
which
include
all
generall
Learning
)
then
Memory
,
which
may
fitly
be
called
the
Treasure-house
or
faithful
Custos
of
Knowledge
and
Unstanding
.
Therefore
with
great
wisdome
did
the
Poets
call
her
the
mother
of
the
Muses
,
and
with
no
lesse
elegancy
did
they
place
Oblivion
below
in
Hell
,
in
regard
of
their
opposition
and
antipathy
.
Our
Memory
(
as
Sahellicus
saith
)
is
a
benefit
lent
us
from
above
,
that
hath
her
existence
in
Nature
,
but
her
ornament
and
beauty
from
Art
.
Alexand.
ab
Alex.
Lib.
2.
cap.
19.
That
the
Aegyptians
in
their
Hieroglyphicks
,
when
they
would
figure
any
man
of
an
excellent
memory
,
they
would
do
it
by
a
Fox
,
or
a
Hare
,
with
upright
and
erected
ears
:
But
when
they
would
represent
one
dull
and
blockish
,
they
did
by
a
Crocodile
.
That
Nation
,
of
all
others
,
hath
been
remarkable
for
their
admirall
retention
;
who
,
before
they
knew
the
true
use
of
Letters
,
had
all
the
passages
of
former
ages
by
heart
,
and
still
the
elder
delivered
them
to
the
younger
,
keeping
no
other
Records
then
their
own
remembrances
.
Themistocles
in
this
was
eminent
;
insomuch
,
that
S●monides
the
Poet
promising
by
Art
to
add
something
unto
that
which
he
had
already
perfect
by
Nature
,
he
told
him
,
he
had
rather
he
could
teach
him
the
Art
of
Forgetfulnesse
,
because
he
was
prone
to
remember
such
things
as
he
desired
to
forget
,
but
could
not
forget
such
things
,
as
he
gladly
would
not
remember
.
Cic.
lib.
2.
de
Finibus
▪
It
proceedeth
from
a
moderate
temperature
of
the
brain
,
and
therefore
may
be
numbred
amongst
the
necessary
good
things
which
belong
unto
mankind
.
Many
men
have
in
this
been
famous
,
but
few
women
,
unlesse
for
remembring
an
injury
.
Most
necessary
to
a
good
Memory
,
is
Meditation
;
for
as
Ausonius
saith
,
in
Ludo
septem
sapient●um
:
Is
quippe
solus
rei
gerendae
est
efficax
,
Meditatur
omne
qui
prius
negotium
.
He
only
squares
his
deeds
by
measure
true
,
That
meditates
before
what
shall
ensue
.
And
again
:
N●hil
est
quod
Ampliorem
Curam
postulat
,
&c.
Nothing
there
is
that
greater
care
should
ask
,
Then
to
sore-think
ere
we
begin
our
task
:
All
humane
actions
justly
are
derided
.
That
are
by
Chance
,
and
not
by
Counsel
guided
.
There
is
a
Proverb
frequent
amongst
us
,
Oportet
mendacem
esse
memorem
,
It
behoves
a
Lyar
to
have
a
good
memory
.
Neither
is
the
sentence
more
common
,
then
the
practise
is
in
these
corrupt
daies
:
insomuch
,
that
one
speaking
of
the
generally
of
it
,
thus
said
,
or
to
the
like
effect
;
Young
men
have
learnt
to
lie
by
practise
,
and
old
men
claim
it
by
authority
:
Gallants
lie
oftner
to
their
mistresses
,
then
with
them
;
nay
,
even
womens
aprons
are
stringed
with
excuses
.
Most
of
our
Trades-men
use
it
in
bargaining
,
and
some
of
our
Lawyers
in
their
pleading
.
The
Souldiers
can
agree
with
the
thing
it selfe
,
but
quarrels
at
the
name
of
the
word
.
It
hath
been
admitted
into
Aldermens
Closets
,
and
sometimes
into
States-mens
studies
.
The
Traveller
makes
the
modestest
use
of
it
,
for
it
hath
been
his
admittance
to
many
a
good
meal
.
At
a
meeting
of
Gentlemen
about
this
Town
,
whether
in
a
Tavern
,
or
an
Ordinary
,
I
am
not
perfect
,
but
amongst
other
discourse
at
the
Table
,
one
amongst
the
rest
,
began
thus
:
It
is
recorded
(
saith
he
)
by
a
Spanish
Nobleman
who
had
been
Embassador
in
Russia
,
that
in
the
time
of
his
residence
there
,
a
strange
accident
befel
,
which
was
after
this
manner
:
A
poor
man
of
the
Country
,
whose
greatest
means
to
live
was
by
gathering
stricks
and
rotten
wood
in
the
forrest
,
His
discourse
being
ended
,
and
every
one
admiring
the
strangenesse
of
the
accident
,
a
Traveller
that
sat
next
affirmed
it
for
truth
,
as
being
then
in
the
Country
at
the
same
time
:
and
thereupon
took
occasion
to
discourse
of
the
Cities
,
the
Rivers
,
the
Manners
,
and
Dispositions
,
of
the
people
;
and
withall
the
coldnesse
of
the
Clime
,
which
in
some
places
(
saith
he
)
I
protest
is
so
extream
,
that
one
of
my
Country
men
and
I
talking
together
one
morning
in
the
fields
,
Homer
,
Iliad
.
1.
to
shew
the
difference
betwixt
Truth
and
Falshood
,
hath
these
words
:
Poene
mihi
est
orci
portis
invisior
ipsis
,
Cujus
verba
sonant
aliud
quam
mente
recondit
.
He
's
to
me
hatefull
,
as
the
doors
of
hell
,
That
when
he
ill
doth
mean
,
doth
promise
well
.
Juvenal
in
his
third
Satyr
gives
it
a
more
ful
and
ample
expression
,
after
this
manner
:
Quid
Romae
feciam
?
mentiri
nescio
;
librum
Si
malus
est
,
nequeo
laudare
,
&c.
What
should
I
do
at
Rome
?
I
cannot
lye
:
If
a
bad
Book
be
laid
before
me
,
I
Nor
praise
it
,
nor
desire
it
;
I
have
no
skill
In
the
Stars
motions
,
neither
can
nor
will
I
make
deep
search
into
my
fathers
fate
,
To
know
when
he
shall
die
,
nor
calculate
From
the
Frogs
entrails
by
inspection
:
never
Was
it
my
study
,
how
by
base
endeavour
To
panderize
,
or
close
conveiance
hide
Betwixt
th'
Adulterer
and
anothers
Bride
.
These
practises
,
seek
they
(
that
list
)
t'
attain
,
Such
as
I
have
been
,
I
will
still
remain
.
This
Muse
Polyhimnia
,
under
whom
I
patronize
this
seventh
Book
,
as
she
is
the
Mistresse
and
Lady
of
Memory
,
and
consequently
of
the
multiplicity
both
of
Hymns
and
Histories
,
so
from
her
I
assume
a
kind
of
liberty
to
continue
my
variety
of
discourse
,
and
from
Mendacia
come
to
Sales
,
or
Dicteria
,
i.
From
Lies
to
Jeasts
,
or
ingenious
witty
answers
.
For
which
,
Athenaeus
in
his
Dypnos
.
lib.
13.
remembers
these
women
famous
;
Lamia
,
Gnathena
,
Lais
,
Glicera
,
Hyppo
,
Nico
,
Phrine
,
Thais
,
Leontium
,
and
others
.
Yet
lest
women
should
not
be
content
to
equall
men
only
,
but
to
antecede
them
;
I
wil
here
commemorare
some
things
,
wittily
and
facetiously
spoken
by
Princes
and
others
.
Melissa
,
Part.
1.
Serm.
56.
speaks
of
an
unskilfull
Physitian
comming
to
visit
an
old
friend
of
his
(
or
at
least
an
acquaintance
)
saluting
him
in
this
manner
:
Sir
,
God
be
thanked
you
have
lived
to
a
fair
age
,
and
are
grown
an
old
man
;
Yes
,
Sir
(
said
he
)
and
you
have
my
health
too
,
for
I
never
made
use
of
any
Physitian
Cicero
thus
plaid
upon
Vatinius
,
who
was
but
a
few
daies
Consul
:
A
great
prodigy
(
saith
he
)
there
hapned
in
the
year
of
his
Consul-ship
,
That
there
was
neither
Spring
,
Summer
,
Autum
nor
Winter
;
one
asking
him
,
Why
he
had
neglected
to
visit
the
Consul
in
his
honour
?
he
answered
,
He
had
purposed
it
,
but
the
night
prevented
him
He
sported
in
the
like
kind
upon
Caninius
,
of
him
(
saith
he
)
we
had
a
most
vigilant
Consul
,
who
never
so
much
as
slept
in
his
Consulship
.
Lucilius
Manilius
,
an
excellent
Painter
,
had
drawn
wondrous
beautiful
faces
,
but
his
children
were
exceedingly
deformed
.
A
friend
of
his
supping
with
him
one
night
,
taunted
him
in
these
words
,
Non
similiter
●ingis
&
pingis
:
as
much
to
say
,
Thou
dost
not
get
thine
own
children
,
as
thou
dost
paint
others
;
No
wonder
,
answered
he
,
For
I
get
those
faces
in
the
dark
;
but
when
I
paint
others
,
I
do
them
by
the
light
of
the
Sun
.
The
Christian
Princes
having
united
their
forces
to
redeem
the
Holy
Land
from
the
oppression
of
the
Infidels
,
Is
it
so
(
saith
he
)
then
arise
and
proclaim
the
Pope
Caliph
of
Baildacha
.
Thus
with
a
Princely
liberty
modestly
taxing
their
forwardness
;
who
as
they
gave
him
a
Kingdome
without
a
Country
,
he
to
requite
the
Popes
gratitude
,
gave
him
a
Bishoprick
without
a
Diocesse
.
Pacuvius
Taurus
having
for
his
former
service
sued
to
Augustus
Caesar
for
some
great
and
grosse
sum
of
money
,
and
the
rather
to
induce
the
Emperor
to
bounty
,
told
him
,
That
it
was
voiced
in
the
City
,
and
was
frequent
in
every
mans
mouth
,
how
he
had
already
received
a
large
donative
from
Caesar
:
to
whom
he
answered
,
Let
them
say
what
they
will
,
but
donot
thou
Pacuvius
beleeve
it
.
To
another
that
was
removed
from
his
command
,
and
sued
for
a
pension
,
yet
insinuating
with
the
Emperor
that
it
was
for
no
covetous
intent
,
or
any
hope
of
gain
,
but
because
it
should
be
thought
,
that
for
no
criminall
cause
he
was
put
out
of
his
place
,
and
dismist
his
office
,
that
he
desired
an
annuall
fee
from
the
treasury
:
to
whom
Augustus
replied
,
Do
thou
then
report
openly
that
thou
hast
a
pension
,
and
if
any
shall
ask
me
about
it
,
I
will
not
deny
but
that
I
have
given
it
.
The
same
Augustus
going
into
a
shop
to
buy
Purple
or
Scarlet
(
for
in
those
daies
the
Emperours
were
not
so
curious
as
some
gentlemen
are
now
)
he
cheapning
a
piece
of
cloth
,
but
not
liking
the
colour
of
it
,
because
it
was
not
bright
enough
,
and
the
Draper
having
(
it
seems
)
a
dark
shop
(
such
as
are
common
amongst
us
in
our
daies
)
saith
the
Draper
to
him
,
So
please
your
Majesty
but
to
hold
it
up
into
the
light
,
and
you
shall
the
colour
more
perfect
.
Gramercy
for
that
(
saith
he
)
so
when
I
purpose
to
shew
my selfe
amongst
my
subjects
,
to
shew
the
true
colour
of
my
garments
,
I
must
l●kewise
be
tied
to
walk
upon
the
Tarresses
and
tops
of
houses
.
Many
other
things
are
remembred
of
him
,
worthy
to
be
commended
to
posterity
.
Neither
remember
I
O
King
,
that
I
ever
read
in
Homer
,
the
Prince
of
Poets
,
that
Agamemnon
,
in
all
the
time
of
the
ten
years
siege
of
Troy
,
had
such
vacancy
as
thou
hast
now
to
prie
into
the
Booths
of
his
souldiers
;
and
neglecting
the
publike
affairs
,
to
busie
himselfe
to
know
how
every
private
man
cookt
his
own
diet
.
This
was
a
modest
passage
betwixt
him
that
contended
to
art
noble
deeds
,
and
him
that
the
King
knew
could
give
them
full
expression
.
Erasmus
,
lib.
6.
Apoth
.
speaks
of
the
Orator
Crassus
,
That
when
one
Piso
(
being
accused
by
Sylus
for
some
words
speaking
)
had
incurred
a
Censure
,
and
Crassus
being
then
the
advocate
of
Piso
,
found
that
Sylus
his
testimony
proceeded
meerly
from
malice
and
envy
;
after
the
Sentence
was
past
,
Crassus
thus
spoke
to
Sylus
:
It
may
be
(
saith
he
)
this
Piso
(
notwithstanding
this
accusation
)
was
moved
,
or
angry
,
when
he
spake
those
words
:
who
answered
,
(
as
reverencing
his
authority
)
Sir
,
It
may
be
so
.
It
may
be
too
Sylus
(
said
he
)
thou
didst
not
at
that
time
rightly
understand
him
:
who
again
answered
,
It
was
like
enough
.
And
it
may
be
(
said
Crassus
again
somewhat
hastily
)
That
Piso
never
spoke
those
words
which
thou
saiest
thou
heardest
;
who
answered
unadvisedly
,
and
it
may
be
so
too
.
At
which
the
auditory
fel
into
a
great
laughter
,
Piso
was
acquit
,
and
Sylus
punisht
,
by
the
reversement
of
judgement
.
It
pleased
a
King
of
France
,
who
had
heard
a
great
fame
of
the
learned
Scotus
,
to
send
for
him
,
and
to
seat
him
at
his
Table
(
which
was
a
grace
not
common
)
with
expectation
(
it
seems
)
to
hear
from
him
some
extraordinary
rare
discourse
,
answerable
to
the
fame
was
given
him
.
The
scholler
seeing
such
rarity
and
variety
set
before
him
,
only
intended
that
for
which
he
came
,
and
eat
with
a
good
●ound
stomak
:
Which
the
King
a
pretty
while
observing
,
interrupts
him
thus
;
Domine
,
quae
est
d●sserentia
inter
Scotum
&
Scotum
?
i.
Sir
,
What
is
the
difference
betwixt
a
Scot
and
a
Scot
?
To
whom
he
without
pause
replied
,
Mensa
tantum
,
i
The
Table
only
:
the
King
playing
up
in
his
name
,
and
be
taxing
the
Kings
ignorance
.
A
great
Earl
of
this
Kingdome
was
sent
over
by
Queen
Elizabeth
,
to
debate
concerning
State-businesse
,
and
joined
with
him
in
commission
one
Doctor
Dale
,
a
worthy
and
approved
scholler
:
to
meet
with
these
,
from
the
Spaniard
were
sent
(
amongst
other
Commissioners
)
Richardetti
,
that
was
Secretary
to
K.
Philip.
These
meeting
about
State-affairs
,
question
was
made
,
In
what
Language
it
was
most
fit
to
debate
them
?
Richardetti
standing
up
(
and
belike
having
notice
that
our
Embassador
was
not
well
practised
in
the
French
tongue
)
thus
said
.
In
my
opinion
,
it
is
most
fit
that
this
businesse
about
which
we
are
met
,
be
discoursed
in
French
;
and
my
reason
is
,
because
your
Queen
writes
her selfe
Queen
of
France
.
At
which
word
,
up
start
the
Doctor
,
and
thus
repli'd
:
Nay
then
rather
let
it
be
debated
in
the
Hebrew
tongue
,
since
your
King
writes
himselfe
King
of
Jerusalem
.
These
may
appear
digressions
:
I
wil
only
,
because
this
is
a
womans
book
,
end
this
argument
with
the
answer
of
a
woman
remembred
by
Petrarch
.
Azo
,
Receive
him
freely
from
my
hands
as
my
gi●t
,
and
now
you
may
presume
he
is
only
and
absolutely
yours
.
Whether
she
equivocated
or
no
,
I
am
not
certain
,
only
this
I
am
most
sured
of
,
That
she
hath
left
a
precedent
behind
her
to
all
succeeding
wives
,
how
their
jealous
husbands
may
be
best
confirmed
in
their
suspected
issue
.
I
fear
I
have
been
somwhat
too
long
in
the
Preamble
,
I
wil
therefore
now
proceed
to
the
matter
.
And
first
of
Filial
piety
,
ascending
from
daughters
to
their
Parents
.
Of
Pious
Daughters
.
OF
Sons
that
have
been
remarkably
grateful
to
their
Parents
for
their
birth
and
breeding
,
the
histories
are
〈◊〉
,
and
the
examples
infinite
:
as
of
Coriolanus
to
his
〈…〉
in
Lelio
,
Dionysius
Ha●icarn●ssru●
,
〈…〉
,
Appianus
,
&c.
as
likewise
of
〈…〉
,
of
M
Cotta
,
Caius
Flaminius
,
Cimon
,
remembred
by
●ustine
,
lib.
2.
Cleobis
,
and
Bithon
;
Amphinomus
,
and
Anapus
,
recorded
by
Herodotus
and
Solinus
;
the
son
of
Croesus
,
&c.
Yet
should
I
undertake
to
write
them
all
at
large
,
they
cannot
exceed
that
piety
of
which
I
have
read
in
women
.
Suetonius
and
Cicero
in
an
Oration
pro
Caelio
,
speaking
of
Claudia
one
of
the
Vestall
Virgins
,
thus
report
of
her
:
She
seeing
her
father
in
his
triumphant
Chariot
,
riding
through
the
streets
of
Rome
,
and
by
the
Tribunes
of
the
people
(
who
envied
his
glory
)
pluckt
and
haled
from
his
seat
,
she
with
a
wondrous
dexterity
,
and
a
masculine
audacity
,
freed
him
from
the
hands
of
their
Tribunes
and
their
Lictors
,
and
maugre
all
their
opposition
,
lifted
him
up
into
his
chariot
;
nor
sook
him
,
till
she
saw
him
in
all
magnificent
pomp
received
into
the
Capitol
:
insomuch
,
that
it
was
questioned
amongst
the
Romans
,
which
of
them
merited
the
greater
triumph
,
he
for
his
vertue
and
valour
in
the
Forum
,
or
she
for
her
zeal
and
piety
in
the
Temple
of
Vesta
:
nor
can
it
yet
be
decided
which
may
claim
a
just
prioritie
,
the
Father
for
his
victory
,
or
the
Daughter
for
her
goodnesse
.
Plin.
lib.
7.
cap.
36.
and
Solinus
,
speak
of
another
Roman
Lady
,
Anchises
,
Aeneid
2.
Eia
ag●
chare
pater
cervici
imponere
nostrae
,
Ipse
su●●bo
numeris
,
nec
me
laboriste
gravabit
,
&c
▪
Come
my
dear
father
,
and
get
up
,
for
see
,
No
burthen
to
my
shoulders
you
can
be
,
No
weight
at
all
;
and
hap
what
can
betide
,
One
danger
,
or
one
safety
we
'll
abide
.
Sabell●●
.
lib.
3.
cap.
6.
remembers
us
of
Rusticana
,
a
noble
Matron
of
Rome
,
and
the
daughter
of
Synnarchus
,
who
with
his
brother
Boetius
(
the
famous
Philosoher
)
being
put
to
death
by
Theodoricirs
,
King
of
the
Got●s
.
She
▪
after
the
Tirants
miserable
end
,
was
the
cause
that
all
his
Statues
in
Rome
were
demolished
and
ruined
,
purposing
utterly
(
if
it
were
possible
)
to
extirp
his
memory
,
that
was
the
imhumane
murderer
of
her
father
;
for
which
fact
of
hers
being
called
in
question
before
King
Totila
who
succeeded
him
,
she
was
so
far
from
excuse
or
deniall
,
that
she
approved
the
deed
with
all
constancy
;
whose
not
le
magnanimity
and
resolution
,
proved
more
available
to
her
safety
,
then
any
timorous
evasion
could
have
done
,
for
he
not
only
dismissed
her
unpunished
,
but
highly
applauded
and
commended
.
Fulgos
.
Sabellicus
and
Egn●tius
writing
of
Alboinu●
King
of
the
Longobards
,
who
at
his
first
entrance
into
Italy
,
having
subdued
and
slain
T●rismundus
(
whom
some
call
Cunimundus
)
son
to
Cunimundus
King
of
the
Gepidanes
,
and
after
taken
his
daughter
Rosamunda
to
wife
;
the
History
faith
,
he
made
a
bole
of
her
fathers
scul
,
in
which
one
night
having
drunk
somewhat
lavishly
,
he
caused
it
to
be
filled
with
wine
,
and
sent
to
Rosamunda
,
then
in
her
chamber
,
with
this
message
,
Commend
me
to
thy
Queen
,
a●d
●ay
,
I
command
her
to
drink
with
her
father
.
〈…〉
though
she
knew
him
to
be
slain
by
the
〈◊〉
gobards
,
receiving
his
death
by
a
common
casualtie
and
chance
of
〈◊〉
by
this
assuring
her selfe
that
he
●ell
by
the
●and
o●
her
husband
;
betwixt
〈…〉
and
conjugall
love
(
being
for
a
time
distracted
)
the
bond
of
her
affecti●n
towards
her
father
,
prevailed
above
those
nuptial
setters
in
which
she
was
tied
to
her
Lord
;
insomuch
,
that
to
revenge
the
death
of
the
one
,
she
resolved
to
take
away
the
life
of
the
other
:
to
bring
which
about
,
she
devised
this
project
,
she
had
observed
one
Hemeg●ldus
a
noble
man
amongst
the
Lambard
,
to
be
surprized
with
the
love
of
one
of
her
waiting
Gentlewomen
,
with
whom
she
dealt
so
far
,
that
when
her
maid
had
promised
to
give
this
Hemegildus
meeting
in
a
private
and
dark
chamber
,
she
her selfe
supplied
the
place
of
her
servant
;
after
〈◊〉
congression
she
caused
lights
to
be
brought
in
,
that
he
●i●ht
know
with
whom
he
had
had
carnall
company
,
and
what
certein
prejudice
he
had
the
〈◊〉
,
incurred
,
protesting
〈◊〉
that
〈◊〉
he
would
join
with
her
in
the
dear
〈…〉
,
she
would
accuse
him
of
rape
and
outrage
.
The
Lamb●●d
to
prevent
his
own
disaster
,
undertook
his
soveraign
●eath
,
which
was
accordingly
betwixt
them
performed
.
The
murder
done
,
they
fled
together
to
Ravenna
,
she
preferring
the
revenge
of
a
slaughtered
father
,
before
the
life
of
a
husband
,
the
title
of
a
Queen
,
State
,
Sovereignty
,
o●
any
other
worldly
dignity
whatsoever
.
Something
is
not
amisse
to
be
spoken
in
this
place
concerning
the
love
of
mothers
to
their
children
,
commands
all
Greece
,
I
Themistocles
have
predominance
ever
Athens
,
my
wife
over
swaies
me
,
and
my
son
over-rules
his
mother
Olympias
the
mother
of
Alexander
,
caused
Iollas
grave
to
be
●ipt
up
(
who
was
Butler
to
her
son
)
and
his
bones
to
be
scattered
abroad
,
raging
against
him
in
death
,
on
whom
in
his
life
time
she
could
not
be
revenged
on
for
the
death
of
her
sonne
,
to
whom
this
Iollas
was
said
to
have
minstred
poison
.
Agrippina
,
the
mother
of
Domitius
Nero
,
by
all
means
and
industry
possible
labouring
to
confirm
the
Empire
unto
her
son
,
enquired
of
the
Chaldaeans
and
Astrologers
,
Whether
by
their
calculations
they
could
find
if
he
should
live
to
be
created
Caesar
?
who
returned
her
this
answer
,
That
they
found
indeed
by
their
Art
that
he
should
be
Empe●our
,
but
withall
,
that
he
should
be
the
death
of
his
mother
.
To
whom
she
answered
,
Inter
ficiat
modo
Imperet
,
i.
I
care
not
though
he
kill
me
,
so
I
may
live
to
see
him
reign
,
Sab.
lib.
cap.
4.
The
same
Author
tels
us
,
Sabel
lib.
3.
cap.
4.
Proclus
Naus●ati●es
,
having
a
wild
and
misgoverned
son
,
addicted
meerly
to
voluptuousnesse
and
pleasure
,
and
withall
to
Cocks
,
Horses
,
Dogs
,
and
such
like
pastimes
;
his
mother
did
not
onely
not
〈…〉
in
this
licentiousnesse
,
but
would
be
still
present
with
him
to
feed
his
Cocks
,
diet
his
Horses
,
and
ch●rish
his
Dogs
:
for
which
being
reproved
by
some
of
her
friends
,
as
an
incourager
of
his
unstaid
and
irregular
courses
,
to
whom
she
answered
,
No
such
matter
,
he
will
sooner
see
then
into
himselfe
and
correct
his
own
vices
,
by
conversing
with
old
folks
,
then
keeping
company
with
his
equals
.
Niobes
sorrow
for
her
children
,
Auctoliaos
death
at
the
false
rumour
of
her
son
Vlysses
his
Tragedy
,
Hecuba's
revenge
upon
Polymnestor
,
for
the
murder
of
her
young
sonne
Polydore
,
and
Tomir●s
Queen
of
the
Massagers
against
Cyrus
,
for
the
death
of
her
son
Sargapises
,
are
all
rare
presidents
of
maternall
piety
;
nay
,
so
superabundant
is
the
love
of
mothers
to
their
children
,
that
many
times
it
execeds
the
bounds
of
common
reason
,
therefore
Terence
in
Heuton
,
thus
saith
:
Matres
omnes
filiis
In
peccato
adjutrices
,
&
auxilio
in
patres
Solent
esse
—
●
.
All
mothers
are
helpers
in
their
childrens
transgressions
,
and
aid
them
to
commit
injuries
against
their
fathers
:
Therefore
Seneca
in
his
Tragedy
of
Hippolitus
breaks
out
into
this
extasie
:
—
Oh
nimium
potens
Quanto
parentes
sanguinis
v●do
tenes
Natura
?
quam
te
colimus
invi●●
quoque
—
Nature
oh
Too
powerfull
,
in
what
bond
of
blood
thou
st●ll
Bind'st
us
that
parents
are
:
commanding
so
,
We
must
obey
thee
though
against
our
will
.
So
great
was
the
love
of
Parisatis
the
mother
of
Cyrus
the
lesse
,
to
her
son
,
that
he
being
slain
,
her
revenge
upon
the
murtherers
exceeded
example
:
for
she
caused
one
of
them
,
whose
name
was
Cha●etes
,
to
be
ten
daies
togethe●
excruciated
with
sundry
tortures
,
after
commanded
his
eies
to
be
put
out
,
and
then
moulten
lead
to
be
p●n●ed
down
into
the
hollow
or
his
ears
;
the
second
,
Metro●ates
,
for
the
same
treason
she
commanded
to
be
bo●nd
●ast
betwixt
two
boats
,
and
to
be
sed
with
figs
and
honie
,
leaving
him
there
to
have
his
guts
gnawn
out
by
the
worms
,
which
these
sweet
things
bred
in
his
en●rails
;
of
which
lingring
torment
,
he
after
many
daies
perished
;
the
third
,
Metasabates
,
she
caused
to
be
slayed
alive
,
and
his
body
to
be
stretched
upon
three
sharp
pikes
or
stakes
,
and
such
was
his
miserable
end
,
a
just
reward
for
Traytors
.
Fulgos
.
lib.
5.
cap.
5.
tels
us
,
That
Augustus
Caesar
having
subdued
Cappadocia
,
and
taken
the
King
Adiatoriges
prisoner
,
Marul
.
lib.
3.
cap.
2.
tels
us
of
a
chast
Virgin
called
Bona
,
who
lived
a
retired
〈◊〉
in
a
house
of
religious
〈◊〉
:
She
had
a
bedfellow
,
unto
whom
above
all
others
she
was
entired
,
who
lying
upon
her
death-bed
,
and
no
possible
help
to
be
devised
for
her
recovery
,
this
Bonae
being
then
in
perfect
health
of
body
(
though
sick
in
mind
for
the
infirmity
of
her
sister
)
full
upon
〈◊〉
,
and
devoutly
besought
the
Almighty
,
that
she
might
not
so
vively
love
,
so
their
chast
bodies
might
not
be
separated
in
death
.
As
she
earnestly
praied
,
so
it
futurely
hapned
,
〈◊〉
died
in
one
day
,
and
were
both
buried
in
one
S●pulchre
,
●●ing
●ellowes
in
one
House
,
〈◊〉
bed
,
and
Gra●●
,
and
now
(
no
question
)
〈◊〉
and
〈…〉
Kingdome
.
Thus
〈…〉
.
But
now
to
return
〈…〉
have
been
kind
to
their
paren●●
〈…〉
Sicilia
,
when
the
mountain
Aetna
began
first
to
burn
,
Damon
snatcht
his
mother
from
the
〈◊〉
Aeneas
in
the
fatall
massacre
of
Troy
,
took
his
father
upon
his
back
,
his
son
Ascanius
in
his
hand
,
his
wife
C●●usa
following
him
,
and
pas●ed
through
the
sword
and
fi●e
.
We
read
like
wise
in
Hyginus
,
of
Cleops
and
Bilias
(
whom
Herodotus
cals
Cleobis
and
〈◊〉
)
who
when
their
mother
C●d●ppe
,
the
Priest
of
Juno
Are
you
,
should
be
at
the
Temple
at
the
appointed
hour
of
the
Sacrifice
,
or
failing
to
furfeit
her
life
:
but
when
she
came
to
yoke
the
Oxen
that
should
draw
her
Ch●rior
,
they
were
found
dead
,
her
two
sons
before
named
laid
their
necks
under
the
yoke
,
and
supplying
the
place
of
those
beasts
,
d●ew
her
in
time
convenient
unto
the
place
where
the
sacred
Ceremonies
were
(
according
to
the
custome
)
celebrated
.
The
Oblations
ended
and
she
willing
to
gratifie
the●●
filiall
duty
,
besought
of
the
goddesse
.
That
it
ever
with
chast
and
undefiled
hands
she
had
observed
her
sacrifice
,
or
i●
her
sons
had
born
themselves
prou●ly
and
religiously
towards
her
,
that
she
would
grant
unto
them
for
their
goodnesse
,
the
greatest
blessing
that
could
happen
to
any
〈◊〉
or
humane
creatures
This
Praier
was
heard
,
and
the
two
zealous
sons
,
drawing
back
their
mother
in
her
chariot
from
the
Temple
,
unto
the
place
where
she
then
sojourned
,
being
weary
with
their
travell
,
laid
them
down
to
sleep
.
The
mother
in
the
morning
comming
to
give
her
sons
visitation
,
and
withall
,
thanks
for
their
extraordinary
and
unexpected
pains
and
travel
,
found
them
both
dead
upon
their
Pallers
:
by
which
she
conceived
,
That
there
is
no
greater
blessing
to
be
conferred
upon
man
,
then
a
fair
death
,
when
Love
,
good
Opinion
,
and
Honor
,
attend
upon
the
Hearse
.
These
(
I
must
confesse
)
are
worthy
eternall
memory
,
and
never
dying
admiration
:
But
hath
nor
the
like
piety
towards
their
parents
been
found
in
women
?
I
answer
,
Yes
.
How
did
Pelopea
,
the
daughter
of
Th●estes
,
revenge
the
death
of
her
father
?
Hypsile
the
daughter
of
〈◊〉
●ave
her
father
life
,
when
he
was
utterly
in
despair
of
hope
or
comfort
.
Calciope
would
not
lose
her
father
,
o●
leave
him
,
though
he
had
lost
and
left
his
opinion
.
〈◊〉
,
the
daughter
of
Harpalicus
,
restored
her
father
in
battel
,
and
after
defeated
the
enemy
,
and
put
him
to
slight
.
Er●gon●
,
the
daughter
of
Icarus
,
hearing
of
the
death
of
her
father
,
strangled
her selfe
.
Agave
,
the
daughter
of
Cadmu●
slew
the
King
〈◊〉
in
Illy●i
,
and
pastest
her
father
of
his
before
usurped
Diad●m
.
Xantippe
fed
her
father
Ny●onus
(
or
,
as
some
will
have
it
,
Cimonus
)
in
prison
with
milk
from
her
breasts
.
Tyro
the
daughter
of
Salmoneus
to
relieve
her
father
,
slew
her
own
children
.
Who
will
be
further
resolved
of
these
,
let
him
search
Hyginus
.
And
so
much
shall
suffice
for
filiall
duty
towards
their
P●●e●ts
.
Of
S●sters
that
have
been
kind
to
their
Brothers
.
THE
Poets
and
Historiographers
,
to
impresse
into
us
the
like
naturall
piety
,
have
left
divers
presidents
to
posterity
.
Innumerable
are
the
examples
of
fraternall
love
betwixt
Brother
and
Brother
.
To
illustrate
the
other
the
better
I
will
give
you
〈◊〉
of
some
few
.
Volater
.
lib.
14.
cap.
2.
d●
A●ropo
,
relates
,
how
in
that
war
which
Cai.
Cornelius
Cinna
,
Tribune
,
(
being
expelled
the
City
with
Calus
Marius
,
and
others
)
commenced
against
the
Romans
,
there
were
two
brothers
,
M.
Fabius
the
Consul
,
in
the
great
conflict
against
the
He●rutians
and
Ve●entians
,
obtained
a
glo●ious
victory
:
when
the
Senate
and
the
people
of
Rome
had
with
great
magnificence
and
cost
,
at
their
own
charge
,
prepared
for
him
an
illustrious
triumph
;
he
absolutely
refused
that
honour
,
because
Q.
Fabius
his
brother
(
fighting
manfully
for
his
Countrie
)
was
slain
in
that
battel
:
What
a
fraternal
piety
lived
in
his
breast
may
be
easily
conjectured
,
who
refused
so
remarkable
on
honour
,
to
mourn
the
losse
of
a
beloved
brother
?
Valer
cap
5.
lib.
5.
We
read
in
our
English
Chronicles
of
Archigallo
,
brother
to
Gorbomannus
,
who
being
crowned
King
of
Brittain
,
and
extorting
from
his
subjects
all
their
goods
to
enrich
his
own
Coffers
,
was
after
five
years
deposed
and
deprived
of
his
roiall
dignity
,
in
whose
place
was
elected
Elidurus
,
the
third
son
of
Morindus
,
and
brother
to
Archigallo
,
a
vertuous
Prince
,
who
governed
the
people
gently
and
Justly
.
Upon
a
time
being
hunting
in
the
Forrest
,
he
met
with
his
brother
Archigallo
,
whom
he
lovingly
embraced
,
and
found
such
means
,
that
he
reconciled
him
both
to
the
Lords
and
Commons
of
the
Realm
;
that
done
,
he
most
willingly
resigned
unto
him
his
Crown
and
Scepter
,
after
he
himselfe
had
governed
the
Land
five
years
.
Archigallo
was
re-instated
,
and
continued
in
great
love
with
his
brother
,
reigning
ten
years
,
and
was
buried
at
York
;
after
whose
death
,
Elidurus
was
again
chosen
King
.
What
greater
enterchange
of
fraternall
love
could
be
found
in
brothers
?
To
equall
whom
,
I
will
first
begin
with
the
sisters
of
Phaeton
,
called
by
some
Heliades
,
by
others
Phaetontides
;
who
with
such
funerall
lamentation
bewailed
the
death
of
their
brother
,
that
the
gods
in
commiseration
of
their
sorrow
,
turned
them
into
trees
:
whose
transformations
,
Ovid
with
great
elegancy
expresseth
,
lib.
1.
Metamorph
as
likewise
Virgil
in
Cutice
,
their
names
were
,
Phaethusa
,
Lampitiae
,
Phebe
,
&c.
Antigone
,
the
daughter
of
Oedipus
,
when
her
brother
Eteocles
was
slain
in
battel
,
she
buried
his
body
,
ma●gre
the
contradiction
of
the
Tyrant
Creon
:
of
whom
Ovid
,
lib.
3.
Tristium
.
—
Fratrem
Thebana
peremptum
Supposuit
tumulo
rege
vetante
soror
.
The
Theban
sister
to
his
Tomb
did
bring
Her
slaught'red
brothers
Corse
,
despight
the
king
.
Hyas
being
devoured
of
a
Lyon
,
the
Hyades
(
his
sisters
)
deplored
his
death
with
such
infinite
sorrow
,
that
they
wept
themselves
to
death
;
And
for
their
piety
,
were
after
by
the
gods
translated
into
stars
;
of
whom
,
Pontanus
,
Fratris
Hyae
quas
perpetuus
dolor
indidit
as●ris
.
Thus
you
see
how
the
Poet
did
strive
to
magnifie
and
eternize
this
Vertue
in
Sisters
.
No
lesse
compassionate
was
●lectra
,
the
daughter
of
Agame●n●
,
on
her
brother
O●estes
;
and
Iliona
,
the
issue
of
Priam
,
when
she
heard
of
the
death
of
young
Polydore
Stobaeus
,
Serm.
●2
.
out
of
the
History
of
Nicolaus
de
morib
.
gentum
,
saith
,
That
the
Aethiopians
above
all
others
,
have
their
sisters
in
greatest
reverence
:
insomuch
,
that
their
Kings
leave
their
succession
not
to
their
children
,
but
to
these
sisters
sons
;
but
if
none
of
their
issue
be
le●e
alive
,
they
chuse
out
of
the
people
the
most
beautiful
,
and
warlike
withall
,
whom
〈◊〉
create
their
Prince
and
Soveraign
.
Even
amongst
the
〈◊〉
,
M.
A●relius
Commodus
,
so
dearly
affected
his
sister
,
that
being
called
by
his
mother
to
divide
their
〈◊〉
patrimony
betwixt
them
,
he
conferred
it
wholly
upon
her
,
contenting
himselfe
with
his
grandfathers
revenue
.
Pontanus
de
lib.
cap.
11.
I
will
end
this
discourse
concerning
sisters
with
one
History
out
of
Sabellious
,
l.
●
.
cap.
7.
the
same
confirmed
by
●●●gosius
,
lib.
5.
cap.
5.
Intaphernes
was
(
say
they
)
one
of
these
confederate
Princes
,
who
freed
the
Persian
Empire
from
the
usurp●tion
of
the
Magician
brothers
,
and
conferred
it
upon
Darius
:
who
now
being
established
in
the
supreme
dignity
,
Intaphernes
having
some
businesse
with
the
King
,
made
offer
to
enter
his
chamber
,
but
being
rudely
put
back
by
one
of
his
grooms
or
waite●●
,
he
took
it
in
such
scorn
,
that
no
lesse
revenge
would
satisfie
his
rage
,
then
to
cut
off
his
ears
and
nose
of
which
the
King
having
present
notice
,
his
indignation
exceeded
the
others
rage
;
for
he
gave
commandment
,
That
for
his
insolence
and
outrage
done
in
she
Pallace
,
and
so
neer
his
presence
,
that
not
only
Intaphernes
the
D●linquent
but
all
the
male
issue
of
his
stock
and
race
whatsoever
,
should
be
laid
hold
upon
and
after
,
to
the
dread
and
terror
or
the
like
offenders
,
by
mercilesse
death
cast
the
terror
of
the
Kings
incensement
.
The
sentence
of
their
apprehension
was
performed
,
and
their
execution
hourly
expected
:
when
the
wife
of
Intaphernes
cast
her selfe
groveling
before
the
Court
gate
,
with
such
pitiful
ejaculations
and
clamours
,
that
they
came
even
to
the
ears
of
Darius
,
and
much
penetrated
him
;
being
uttered
with
such
passionate
and
moving
acce●ts
,
able
to
mollifie
the
Flint
,
or
soften
Marble
.
Imprest
therefore
with
her
pitious
lamentations
,
the
King
sent
unto
her
,
That
her
teares
and
clamours
had
so
far
prevailed
with
him
,
●hat
from
the
condemned
society
they
had
ransomed
one
,
and
one
only
,
to
continue
the
memory
of
their
Name
and
Family
chuse
amongst
them
all
,
whose
life
she
most
favoured
,
and
whose
safety
with
the
greatest
affection
desired
,
but
further
then
this
to
grant
her
his
sentence
was
unalterable
.
None
that
heard
this
small
(
yet
unexpected
)
favour
from
the
King
,
but
presently
imagined
she
would
either
redeem
her
husband
or
at
least
one
of
her
sons
,
two
of
them
being
all
she
had
then
groning
under
the
burthen
of
that
heavy
sentence
.
But
after
some
small
meditation
(
beyond
the
expectation
of
all
men
)
she
demanded
the
life
of
her
brother
.
The
King
somewhat
amazed
at
her
choice
,
sent
for
her
,
and
demanded
the
reason
,
Why
she
had
preferred
the
life
of
a
brother
before
the
safety
of
such
a
noble
husband
,
or
such
hopeful
children
?
To
whom
she
answered
,
Behold
(
O
King
)
I
am
yet
but
young
and
in
my
best
of
years
,
and
I
may
live
to
have
another
husband
,
and
so
consequently
by
him
more
children
:
But
my
father
and
mother
are
both
aged
,
and
stricken
in
years
;
and
should
I
lose
a
Brother
,
I
should
for
evermore
be
deprived
of
that
sacred
Name
.
At
which
words
the
King
exceedingly
moved
,
to
see
with
what
a
fraternall
zeal
they
were
spoken
,
he
not
only
released
her
brother
,
but
added
to
his
unexpected
bounty
,
the
life
of
her
eldest
son
.
Of
Matrimony
,
or
Conjugall
Love
.
IT
was
inserted
in
Plato's
Lawes
,
That
what
man
soever
lived
a
Batchelor
above
five
and
thirty
years
of
age
,
was
neither
capable
of
Honour
of
Office
,
Alexand.
ab
,
Alex.
lib
4.
cap.
8.
Licurgus
,
the
Lawgiver
amongst
the
Lacedemonians
,
(
as
the
same
Author
testifies
)
to
shew
the
necessity
of
marriage
,
made
a
Decree
,
That
all
such
as
affected
singlenesse
and
solitude
of
life
,
should
be
held
ignominious
.
They
were
not
admitted
to
publike
Plaies
,
but
in
the
winter
were
compelled
to
passe
through
the
Market-place
naked
,
and
without
garments
.
The
Law
of
the
Spartans
set
a
fine
upon
his
head
best
,
that
married
not
at
all
;
next
,
on
him
that
married
not
till
he
was
old
;
and
lastly
,
on
him
they
set
the
greatest
mulct
,
that
married
an
evill
wife
,
or
from
a
strange
Tribe
,
Stobae
Sermon
.
65.
Fuigosius
cals
the
Judgements
Cacogamia
,
and
Opsigamia
,
lib
2.
cap.
1.
So
laudable
and
reverent
was
Marriage
amongst
the
Lacedemonians
procreation
of
Children
,
and
fertility
of
issue
,
That
whosoever
was
the
father
of
three
children
,
should
be
free
from
Watch
or
Ward
by
day
or
night
;
and
whosoever
had
four
,
or
upward
,
were
rewarded
with
all
Immunities
and
Liberty
:
This
Law
was
confirmed
by
Q.
Metellus
Numidicus
,
Censor
;
after
,
approved
by
Julius
Caesar
;
and
lastly
,
established
by
Augustus
.
Memorable
are
the
words
of
Metellus
in
a
publike
Oration
to
the
people
.
If
we
could
possibly
be
without
wives
,
O
Romans
(
saith
he
)
we
might
all
of
us
be
free
from
molestation
and
trouble
:
but
since
Nature
excites
us
,
and
necessity
compels
us
to
this
exigent
,
That
we
can
neither
live
with
them
without
inconvenience
,
nor
without
them
at
all
;
more
expidient
it
is
therefore
that
we
aim
at
the
generall
and
lasting
profit
,
then
at
our
own
private
and
moment
any
pleasure
.
●ruson
.
lib
7.
cap.
22.
The
Athenians
,
the
Cretans
,
the
Thu●●ans
,
all
in
their
Statutes
and
Ordinances
encouraged
Marriage
,
and
punished
the
obstinary
of
such
as
took
upon
them
the
〈◊〉
of
〈◊〉
and
sollitaude
,
either
with
amercement
or
disgrace
.
To
that
purpose
was
the
Law
Julia
instituted
,
that
incited
young
men
in
their
prime
and
flourishing
age
to
the
marriage
of
wives
,
propagation
of
issue
,
and
education
of
children
;
and
that
such
should
be
encouraged
by
rewards
,
and
the
opposers
thereof
to
be
deterred
with
punishments
.
Tiberius
Caesar
deprived
one
of
his
Quaestorship
,
because
he
divorced
himselfe
from
his
wife
,
having
been
but
three
daies
married
,
alledging
,
That
he
in
whom
there
was
such
lightnesse
,
could
not
be
profitable
for
any
thing
.
Claudius
Caesar
caused
the
Law
Papia
to
be
abrogated
,
giving
men
of
threescore
years
and
upwards
,
the
free
liberty
to
marry
,
as
at
those
years
of
ability
to
have
issue
.
Theodoretus
,
lib.
1.
cap.
7.
and
Sozomenus
,
lib.
1.
cap.
10.
both
write
,
that
in
the
Nicene
Council
,
when
certain
of
the
Bishops
would
introduce
into
the
Church
a
new
Decree
,
before
that
time
not
known
,
namely
,
That
all
Bishops
,
Prelates
,
Priests
,
Deacons
,
and
Spirituall
or
Religious
men
,
should
be
made
uncapable
of
Marriage
;
as
also
all
such
as
in
the
time
of
their
〈◊〉
(
before
they
took
the
Ministry
,
or
any
service
of
the
Church
upon
them
)
should
be
separated
from
〈◊〉
wives
,
of
whom
they
were
then
possest
:
One
Paphnutius
Confessor
(
who
was
likewise
Bishop
of
a
City
in
the
upper
Thebats
)
stood
up
,
and
with
great
fervency
opposed
the
motion
yet
a
man
of
approved
chastity
,
and
great
austerity
of
〈◊〉
:
who
though
he
were
mightily
opposed
,
yet
at
length
so
far
prevailed
with
the
Synod
of
the
Fathers
,
that
it
was
definitively
concluded
,
That
though
the
marriage
of
Priests
were
●●●dicted
and
singlenesse
of
life
in
joined
them
,
yet
all
such
as
had
wives
were
dispensed
withall
till
death
made
a
separation
betwixt
them
.
Pius
,
the
second
Pope
of
that
name
(
being
a
〈…〉
unquestioned
prudence
and
gravity
weighty
in
his
words
,
and
discreet
in
all
his
actions
)
was
often
heard
to
say
,
That
he
held
it
more
convenient
and
consonant
both
to
reason
and
Religion
,
that
their
wives
should
be
restored
to
Priests
,
then
taken
from
them
.
For
the
wise
Bishop
wel
understood
that
the
restraining
them
from
lawful
marriage
,
was
the
occasions
of
their
falling
into
many
great
and
grievous
sins
,
which
by
the
former
legal
and
regular
course
might
be
prevented
:
and
if
the
liberty
of
marriage
were
again
admitted
,
peradventure
many
of
those
sins
might
in
time
decrease
and
be
forgotten
,
into
which
by
that
restraint
they
were
subject
hourly
to
fall
.
Fulgos
lib.
2.
cap.
2.
This
short
discourse
shall
serve
for
the
necessity
of
Marriage
,
which
is
ever
the
most
pleasing
and
contented
,
when
it
is
made
betwixt
equals
.
Therefore
Ovid.
lib.
Epist.
Heroid
.
thus
writes
:
Quam
male
inequales
veniunt
ad
aratra
juvenci
Tam
premitur
magno
conjuge
Nupta
minor
,
Non
honour
est
sed
onus
,
&c.
Which
though
not
verbum
verbo
,
yet
the
intent
of
the
Author
I
give
you
thus
in
English
:
Vnsightly
do
the
unmatcht
Herfers
draw
,
Nor
can
the
Plough
go
even
then
:
such
the
Law
Of
Wedlock
is
;
to
prevent
the
nuptiall
stri●e
,
There
must
be
parity
'tw●xt
man
and
wife
.
Then
needs
the
one
the
other
must
oppresse
.
The
husband
great
in
power
,
the
wise
much
lesse
:
It
is
no
honor
,
but
a
burthen
rather
,
To
join
,
and
not
be
equ●●
:
this
we
gather
From
th'
uneven
yeak
,
for
so
you
cannot
strike
The
furrow
streight
;
if
match
,
match
with
thy
like
.
From
the
convenience
or
rather
necessity
of
marriage
,
Alex.
ab
Alex.
lib.
2.
cap.
5
No
betrothed
Virgin
could
marry
amongst
them
,
upon
any
of
their
holydaies
,
or
such
as
they
called
festival
;
but
a
widow
had
that
liberty
,
so
it
were
done
in
private
,
and
without
any
solemn
ceremony
:
the
reason
pretended
was
,
Because
to
a
widow
there
could
be
no
force
offered
as
to
a
Virgin
,
and
therefore
it
was
no
violent
but
a
meer
holy-day
labour
:
Upon
this
Verrius
Flacchus
took
occasion
apud
Verronem
in
these
words
,
Fossas
veteres
festis
diebus
licet
tergere
Novas
facere
non
licet
.
Old
ditches
on
the
feast-daies
they
might
scour
,
But
to
dig
new
the
law
admits
no
power
.
The
Persians
were
only
permitted
to
contract
matrimony
in
,
Stebae
Serm.
42.
Amongst
the
Carmanians
no
man
is
suffered
to
marry
,
before
he
hath
presented
the
head
of
an
enemy
to
the
King
.
About
the
Lake
Meotes
,
there
is
a
people
called
Laxamatae
,
amongst
whom
no
Virgin
contracts
matrimony
before
she
hath
subdued
an
enemy
.
There
is
a
law
amongst
the
Armenians
,
that
Virgins
are
first
prostituted
in
an
old
Temple
,
dedicated
to
the
goddesse
Anetes
,
whose
picture
was
of
solid
gold
;
which
Antonius
after
sacrilegiously
(
as
they
held
it
)
took
away
:
according
to
the
gain
of
their
compression
,
it
was
lawfull
for
any
man
to
chuse
a
wife
where
he
pleased
.
Amongst
the
Ciprians
,
the
Virgins
before
marriage
daily
repair
to
the
Sea-shore
,
and
there
company
with
strangers
,
till
they
have
got
such
a
competent
sum
as
may
make
up
their
marriage
dower
.
The
Phoenicians
do
the
like
in
the
City
of
Syca
,
but
their
prostitution
is
in
the
Temple
of
Venus
;
but
the
surplusage
that
ariseth
above
the
dower
,
returns
towards
the
repairing
of
the
Church
.
The
Carthaginians
observe
the
like
custome
.
The
Lydian
Virgins
before
they
were
suffered
to
lie
with
their
husbands
,
made
themselves
for
a
certain
time
common
to
any
man
,
til
tired
with
saciety
they
came
gentle
and
quiet
to
their
beds
,
and
from
that
time
forward
vowed
chastity
,
but
if
any
one
was
found
ever
after
to
transgresse
the
bounds
of
temperance
,
she
was
punished
with
all
rigor
and
cruelty
,
Aelian
lib.
4.
de
Var.
Hist.
Lycurgus
having
prescribed
a
certain
age
,
before
which
time
it
was
not
lawful
for
young
men
and
maids
to
have
carnall
company
,
being
demanded
the
reason
,
answered
,
Because
the
issue
that
proceeds
from
those
of
ripe
years
and
grown
strength
,
is
likewise
able
and
perfect
;
but
the
hasty
and
untimely
generation
is
still
subject
to
weaknesse
and
infirmity
.
Plutarch
in
Lacon
.
Of
Contracts
before
marriage
,
and
of
Dowries
,
amongst
whom
they
were
allowed
,
and
by
whom
forbidden
.
IT
was
a
custome
amongst
the
Grecians
and
Lacedemonians
,
Alex.
ab
Alex.
lib
2
cap.
●
.
Aelian
.
lib.
6.
de
Var.
Histor.
Amongst
the
Hetrurians
it
was
held
base
and
ignoble
,
and
absolutely
forbidden
by
their
inscribed
statutes
,
for
a
man
to
send
tokens
or
gifts
to
her
whom
he
affected
;
accounting
them
no
better
then
bribes
or
mercenary
hire
,
not
fit
to
be
thought
on
in
such
a
sacred
commixion
,
where
nothing
should
be
meditated
save
sincere
love
and
conjugall
piety
.
The
Aegyptians
were
so
opposite
to
demanding
of
portions
with
their
wives
,
that
they
called
all
such
as
received
them
,
no
better
then
slaves
to
them
and
their
dowries
.
Epanlia
dora
,
they
were
ushered
by
a
beautiful
young
lad
attired
in
a
long
white
vesture
reaching
to
his
heel
,
bearing
in
his
hand
a
bright
burning
taper
:
in
order
followed
after
him
all
such
young
men
and
maids
youthfully
attired
,
that
brought
the
presents
;
one
presented
Gold
,
another
Gems
,
a
third
a
Bason
and
Ewre
,
with
other
Plate
dishes
,
a
fourth
Boxes
of
Alabaster
ful
of
sweet
oils
and
unguents
,
a
fift
rich
Sandals
or
Slippers
,
with
other
necessaries
belonging
as
wel
to
the
whole
house
,
as
to
their
private
bed-chamber
,
Alex.
ab
Al
x.
lib.
●
.
cap.
5.
Solon
to
this
marriage
offering
allowed
only
three
sorts
of
garments
for
the
Bride
to
bring
with
her
,
besides
such
smal
gifts
as
were
tendred
by
the
kindred
,
friends
,
and
houshold
servants
.
A
damosel
of
Lacaena
being
poor
,
and
demanded
,
What
Dower
she
had
to
bring
to
her
husband
,
and
to
marry
her
with●
answered
,
That
which
was
left
me
as
an
inheritance
from
mine
ancestors
,
namely
,
Vertue
,
and
Modestly
;
Ingeniously
inferring
,
that
there
is
no
more
commendable
Dower
to
be
expected
in
marriage
,
then
chastity
and
uncorrupt
manners
.
The
daughters
of
C.
Fabritius
,
Cn.
Scipio
,
and
Manius
Curius
,
because
their
fathers
left
them
not
portions
sufficient
to
bestow
them
according
to
their
birth
and
quality
,
had
their
dowers
allotted
them
from
the
common
treasurie
.
There
was
a
Law
among
the
Romans
,
That
no
virgins
Dower
should
exceed
the
sum
of
ten
thousand
pieces
of
silver
:
But
after
,
that
limitation
was
taken
away
,
and
brought
to
forty
thousand
and
upward
.
Insomuch
that
Metulia
(
because
the
Dower
of
which
she
possessed
her
husband
,
amounted
to
five
hundred
thousand
pieces
)
had
a
sirname
bestowed
upon
her
,
being
ever
after
called
Dotata
.
In
ancient
times
the
husbands
wooed
their
Brides
with
a
Ring
of
Iron
,
without
any
Stone
or
Gem
,
but
meerly
circular
and
round
;
by
that
denoting
the
parsimony
of
diet
,
and
frugality
in
living
.
Homer
(
the
Prince
of
Poets
)
having
no
wealth
with
which
to
bestow
his
daughter
upon
a
thrifty
Citizen
,
gave
her
only
an
Epithalamium
,
with
certain
Cyprian
Elegies
;
for
so
Pindarus
and
Aelianus
,
lib.
9.
affirm
.
The
Carthaginians
gave
no
Portions
with
their
Virgins
,
but
were
only
at
the
charge
of
the
Nuptiall
Feasts
,
which
grew
to
be
immoderate
and
wasteful
.
Amongst
the
Indians
none
can
claim
a
greater
Dower
with
his
wife
,
then
the
price
of
a
yoke
of
Oxen
;
neither
can
he
marry
out
of
his
own
Tribe
.
The
Assyrians
brought
their
noblest
Virgins
into
the
market
place
,
and
their
prices
there
publikely
proclaimed
by
the
Cryer
,
whosoever
wanted
a
wife
,
and
would
reach
to
the
sum
propounded
,
might
there
be
furnished
;
and
he
that
had
had
not
ready
mony
,
if
he
could
put
in
good
security
,
it
was
held
sufficient
.
The
like
custome
was
amongst
the
Babylonians
;
in
which
they
observed
this
order
;
They
first
set
out
to
sale
the
most
ingenuous
and
beautiful
,
and
those
at
an
high
rate
;
and
when
they
were
put
off
,
they
brought
forth
the
worser
featured
,
even
unto
the
degree
of
deformity
,
and
then
the
Crier
proclaims
,
That
who
will
marry
any
of
them
,
he
shall
have
so
much
,
or
so
much
,
to
recompence
her
foulnesse
or
lamenesse
.
And
this
mony
which
sels
them
,
is
collected
from
the
overplus
of
the
price
of
the
other
:
so
that
the
beauty
of
the
fair
ones
,
helps
to
bestow
and
dispose
of
the
foul
.
The
Massilienses
would
not
suffer
any
man
to
receive
with
his
wife
more
then
an
hundred
pieces
of
Gold
.
Amongst
the
Cretans
,
halfe
the
brothers
estate
was
conferred
upon
the
sister
,
to
make
her
a
Dowrie
.
The
ancient
Germants
when
they
had
made
choise
of
such
with
whom
they
meant
to
marry
,
at
their
proper
charge
provided
them
of
Dowries
.
Which
custome
even
to
these
letter
times
hath
been
continued
amongst
the
Celriberians
,
who
dwelt
in
a
part
of
the
Pyrenes
,
a
Province
which
his
now
called
Biskay
,
Fulg●s
.
lib
2.
cap.
1.
And
with
the
Dower
which
he
sent
,
he
was
tied
to
present
her
likewise
with
a
Horse
bridled
,
a
Sword
,
a
Target
,
and
an
Armour
,
with
a
yoake
of
Oxen.
And
these
were
held
to
be
the
most
assured
pledges
of
Conjugall
love
,
without
which
no
nuptials
were
legally
solemnized
.
Alexand.
ab
.
Alex
lib.
2.
cap.
5.
Idem
lib.
4
cap
8.
Of
Nuptiall
Ornaments
,
Pomp
,
Feasts
,
Epithalamions
,
&c.
AMongst
the
Greeks
,
Alexand.
ab
Alex.
lib.
2.
cap.
5.
In
other
places
of
Greece
the
Brides
heads
were
covered
with
a
Veil
,
to
signify
her
bashfulnesse
and
modest
shame
:
It
was
of
Clay-colour
:
Sixe
,
by
which
the
colour
the
Matrons
of
the
most
temperte
like
and
modest
carriage
,
denoted
unto
the
world
〈…〉
and
vertue
.
Amongst
the
Athens
as
,
the
Bridegroom
〈◊〉
his
bride
concealed
and
covere
〈…〉
in
the
place
where
●he
was
after
to
be
devirgined
the
door
or
the
house
were
adorned
with
white
wool
,
and
crowned
and
beautified
with
Lawrel
,
which
were
first
touched
by
the
Bride
,
who
〈◊〉
the
posts
and
daubed
the
threshold
with
Swines
greate
,
or
the
fat
of
Wolves
,
to
prevent
all
Pest
,
or
pernicious
diseases
,
from
ever
having
entrance
into
that
house
.
Some
used
to
sprinkle
their
heads
with
a
rough
kind
of
herb
called
Carix
,
much
like
unto
Broom
,
with
the
fruits
of
Palm-trees
,
with
Pulse
or
Pease
,
and
with
a
kind
of
powder
which
belongs
to
painting
:
this
office
was
still
performed
by
new
servants
,
at
their
first
entrance
into
the
houses
of
their
Masters
.
The
Law
of
Lycurgus
amongst
the
Spartans
was
,
That
the
Bride
should
cut
her
hair
,
and
putting
her selfe
into
mans
habit
,
be
brought
into
her
chamber
by
the
Bride-maids
,
who
had
before
prepared
it
;
and
being
left
by
them
,
the
Bridegroom
then
entred
,
and
first
unloosing
her
Virgin
Girdle
,
he
had
free
liberty
of
congression
.
In
Boeotia
their
Virgins
were
crowned
with
a
wreath
made
of
the
herb
called
Sperage
.
In
the
Isle
Cous
the
husbands
were
compelled
to
enter
the
Bride-chamber
,
attired
like
women
.
It
was
an
use
amongst
the
Locrenses
,
for
the
Matrons
to
pick
and
gather
selected
flowers
to
make
garlands
for
the
Brides
;
but
such
as
were
bought
for
monie
,
were
held
vile
and
contemptuous
.
The
ancient
Latins
,
as
wel
the
Bride
as
Bridegroom
,
wore
Ribbands
and
Laces
party-coloured
,
White
and
Purple
:
so
likewise
they
are
apparelled
in
checkred
garments
,
of
the
same
colours
;
or
else
their
necks
are
put
into
one
yoake
(
a
ceremony
they
have
)
of
which
Juno
,
the
goddesse
of
Marriage
,
is
called
Jugalis
;
intimating
,
that
with
concordant
minds
and
equall
sufferance
,
they
should
bear
all
distresses
and
disasters
.
All
marriages
amongst
the
Lusitanians
were
celebrated
in
Rose-coloured
garments
,
or
else
not
permitted
.
The
Chelidonian
women
that
had
prostituted
themselves
to
strangers
,
went
with
halfe
of
their
faces
open
,
the
other
halfe
covered
,
else
it
was
not
lawfull
for
them
to
be
seen
abroad
.
They
wore
girdles
of
Sheeps
wool
woven
,
about
their
Wasts
,
which
was
fastned
about
them
with
an
Herculean
Knot
,
which
was
not
lawfull
for
any
to
unloose
,
but
either
in
the
Bride-bed
,
or
in
the
celebration
of
the
Sacreds
;
in
which
they
observe
a
kind
of
Omen
,
that
they
should
prove
as
fruitfull
in
the
propagation
of
issue
,
as
Hercules
was
in
the
getting
of
children
.
The
German
Virgins
,
when
they
prepared
to
give
meeting
to
their
betrothed
,
and
so
to
proceed
to
the
Conjugall
ceremony
,
put
on
a
streight
or
plain
garment
,
such
a
one
as
they
in
some
places
call
a
Huke
,
and
over
that
a
Cloak
without
spot
or
stain
,
bearing
a
garland
woven
of
Vervaine
,
an
herb
dedicated
to
Venus
,
with
other
selected
flowers
intermixed
.
And
so
much
for
their
Hab●t
and
Nuptiall
Ornaments
used
amongst
forrain
Nations
:
I
will
now
give
you
the
description
of
a
Bride
,
in
her
way
to
the
Bride-chamber
.
Descriptio
egredientis
Sponsae
.
At
length
comes
forth
the
Bride
(
in
all
parts
rare
)
Full
ripe
for
man
(
of
Venus
the
just
care
:
)
Egrediens
Sponsus
.
See
from
another
part
the
gates
set
wide
,
Oblatio
munerum
,
or
the
Offering
.
The
young
men
with
their
Presents
next
proceed
,
The
Epithalamium
,
or
Nuptiall
song
.
The
mothers
then
with
more
then
common
care
Make
businesse
,
and
bestir
them
;
who
prepare
To
lead
them
to
their
rest
,
whom
as
they
bring
Neer
to
the
chamber
door
,
the
Quirers
thus
sing
:
"
O
you
most
Fair
,
Ingressus
in
cubiculum
,
i.
Their
entrance
into
their
bed-chamber
.
Being
entred
,
I
dare
proceed
no
further
with
the
Author
,
whose
conceit
I
have
borrow'd
,
but
his
words
not
altogether
imitated
;
those
that
have
read
him
,
I
make
no
question
,
wil
say
I
have
broke
off
and
shook
hands
with
him
in
good
time
,
and
as
far
as
I
have
gone
hand
in
hand
with
him
,
rather
added
to
his
invention
,
then
any
way
derogated
from
his
stile
,
or
detracted
from
his
conceit
;
therefore
I
now
pause
and
proceed
to
the
Nuptiall
Pomp
,
used
amongst
forrein
Nations
,
according
to
my
promise
.
Pausonias
hath
le●t
related
.
Sacred
Auguries
and
Nuptiall
Expiations
,
&c.
THE
Auspices
or
Auguries
,
were
Southsayers
,
and
such
as
used
to
handfast
or
contract
marriages
,
and
these
were
still
consulted
with
,
as
wel
in
undertaking
wars
,
as
propounding
Nuptials
,
as
also
in
most
of
their
publick
enterprizes
or
private
imploiments
:
these
divined
either
from
the
voices
,
or
by
the
flying
of
birds
.
The
women
supped
with
their
husbands
the
first
night
in
their
beds
as
they
lay
together
,
which
seemed
to
be
an
invitation
of
the
gods
,
because
Jupiters
banquets
are
(
as
some
report
)
after
the
same
manner
celebrated
,
for
he
〈◊〉
feasted
in
his
bed
,
and
Juno
and
Minerva
sitting
in
chairs
or
upon
benches
,
Valer.
lib.
2.
cap.
1.
The
Athenians
at
their
Bridals
had
the
room
fumed
with
the
skin
of
a
black
dog
,
burned
in
the
fire
,
his
privy
parts
were
buried
under
the
threshold
of
the
door
;
at
the
outward
gate
was
hid
in
the
earth
,
the
snout
of
a
Wolfe
,
and
these
they
held
to
expell
all
Eff●cinations
and
Witch-crafts
from
the
house
:
other
use
a
fish
called
Stella
Marina
,
Gamelia
Juno
were
devoutly
celebrated
in
Hymenaean
contracts
.
In
all
their
sacrifices
they
took
from
the
entrails
the
Gal
of
the
beast
,
and
buried
it
in
an
obscure
and
remote
place
not
far
from
the
Altar
,
thereby
signifying
,
that
all
marriage
ought
to
be
without
gall
or
bitternesse
.
Amongst
the
Boeotians
and
Loerenses
no
contract
was
held
firm
unlesse
they
had
before
offered
at
the
Altar
of
the
Virgin
Euclia
.
In
Rome
there
was
a
custome
of
old
,
that
all
maids
before
marriage
should
kneel
some
certain
houres
in
the
Temple
of
the
god
Futinus
(
whom
we
may
term
the
god
predominant
in
the
act
of
Copulacion
)
and
of
him
intreat
happy
successe
in
their
future
congression
.
The
Etrurians
in
their
Hymenaean
bargains
from
the
noblest
to
the
lesse
qualified
,
slew
hogs
in
their
sacrifices
,
by
that
calling
the
gods
to
witnesse
,
That
their
league
and
covenant
was
thenceforth
,
inviolable
,
not
to
be
altered
but
by
lawful
Divorce
,
Death
,
Captivity
or
Slavery
and
losse
of
freedome
.
Many
other
are
reckoned
up
by
Alex.
ab
Alex.
too
tedious
here
to
insert
:
a
word
or
two
of
their
Hymns
and
Nuptiall
Invocations
The
ancient
Greeks
used
a
kind
of
Verse
,
Thetis
.
Aristophanes
in
Avibus
〈◊〉
,
That
they
were
wont
to
cry
aloud
,
Humin
Ho
Humenai
Ho
Humin
.
In
other
places
,
at
marriages
,
the
Matrons
held
the
Tapers
and
Torches
,
at
which
time
were
sung
Fesc●vini
,
which
were
broad
and
bawdy
Verses
:
and
they
being
ended
,
that
which
they
call
the
solemn
and
sacred
Hymn
in
the
Athenian
Espousals
,
was
sung
:
Bonos
ama
,
timidos
repelle
,
&c.
Love
these
that
good
are
,
and
the
f●a●full
shun
;
Observing
those
,
thou
〈…〉
to
be
done
.
Plato
in
Gorgia
affirms
,
That
at
Nuptial
Feasts
was
used
to
be
sung
this
short
Hymn
following
:
Formosum
esse
divitem
&
bene
valere
,
Summum
existimari
bonum
.
To
attain
the
soveraign
blesse
,
let
us
implore
Health
,
wealth
,
and
Beauty
,
then
we
need
no
more
.
The
Romans
(
as
Liv.
lib.
1.
Decad.
and
Plin
cap.
2.
de
viris
illustribus
,
affirm
)
in
all
their
celebrations
called
aloud
upon
the
name
of
Thalassius
,
which
they
held
as
an
Omen
to
their
future
successe
and
prosperity
.
Their
Brides
,
when
they
entred
into
the
houses
of
their
husbands
,
whilst
their
feet
were
yet
upon
the
threshold
,
invoked
the
name
of
Ca●a
Cecilia
,
by
another
name
called
Tanaquilla
,
continuing
and
not
surceasing
to
iterate
that
name
from
the
door
,
till
she
came
into
the
Bride
chamber
.
Tanaquilla
was
the
wife
of
Tarquinius
Priscus
,
King
of
the
Romans
,
for
temperance
,
modesty
,
vertue
,
and
all
the
accomplishments
that
best
grace
a
woman
,
most
eminent
;
thus
intimating
,
that
by
remembring
her
name
,
they
might
imitate
her
life
.
All
other
ornaments
laid
apart
,
there
was
only
borne
before
them
a
Distaffe
and
a
Spindle
:
and
thus
the
mothers
of
Martia
,
of
Portia
,
of
Lucretia
,
were
first
ushered
to
their
Nuptiall
Chambers
.
Touching
their
diet
,
Malum
Cydonium
.
The
Naucratians
in
all
such
Feasts
forbid
both
egs
,
sweet
meats
,
or
any
confection
in
which
there
was
Honey
:
Amongst
them
no
service
was
admitted
saving
Skallions
,
or
such
roots
as
were
divided
into
cloves
,
Pine-Apple
Nuts
,
the
juice
of
the
herb
,
called
Rochet
,
and
Pepper
,
and
these
were
in
the
place
of
a
Banquet
.
Amongst
the
Persians
,
the
husband
was
not
permitted
to
come
to
visit
his
Bride
,
unlesse
he
had
first
eaten
an
Apple
,
or
else
tasted
a
sweet
Rush
called
Squinanthum
,
or
Camels
meat
;
neither
might
he
eat
of
any
thing
else
for
that
day
.
Amongst
the
Babylonians
they
bedded
not
,
without
red
Storax
first
tasted
.
The
Carthaginians
in
their
Hymenaean
Festivals
sliced
the
fish
called
a
Tunny
,
without
the
eating
of
which
there
was
no
perfect
and
absolute
celebration
.
Alex.
ab
Alex.
From
their
Feasts
I
come
to
ceremonies
observed
concerning
the
copulation
in
or
before
marriage
;
and
of
that
briefly
.
Amongst
that
Trogloditae
,
Alex.
ab
Alex.
lib.
1.
cap.
24.
Herodotus
writes
,
That
the
Adyrmachidae
present
their
daughters
maidenheads
first
to
their
King
,
ere
their
betrothed
husbands
can
be
admitted
any
congress
with
them
.
The
Babylonians
never
have
company
with
their
wives
,
but
they
before
sitting
about
a
fire
,
make
a
fume
of
a
strong
scent
,
which
they
snuffe
up
at
their
nostrils
;
by
the
Authors
description
,
it
should
not
much
differ
from
that
which
we
have
now
in
such
frequent
use
,
and
call
Tobacco
:
In
the
morning
they
both
wash
,
before
they
touch
any
Vessell
whatsoever
.
The
Spartans
(
by
the
Decrees
of
Lycurgus
)
in
all
their
Bridals
,
the
man
still
came
into
the
womans
chamber
,
the
Light
being
first
extinct
;
where
(
with
bashful
fear
,
and
a
religious
kind
of
modesty
)
they
performed
the
Offices
of
Nature
,
Love
,
and
Custome
.
The
Conjugall
Love
of
Women
towards
their
Husbands
.
HAving
done
with
the
superstitious
ceremonies
of
the
Gentiles
concerning
marriage
,
as
far
as
Polyhimnia
or
Memory
will
help
me
;
I
will
now
proceed
with
some
few
remarkable
examples
of
Conjugall
Love
,
being
an
argument
that
cannot
be
too
oft
remembred
,
nor
overmuch
handled
,
Tus●
.
Quaest.
lib.
5.
Valer.
Maxim.
lib.
2.
cap.
1.
Alex.
a●
Alex.
Alianus
,
Egnatius
,
and
others
.
This
funerall
ceremony
,
as
Fulgos
.
lib.
2.
cap.
6.
is
continued
amongst
them
unto
this
day
:
alluding
to
this
purpose
,
is
that
of
Propert
lib.
3.
Foelix
cö●s
lex
funeris
una
maritis
,
&c.
Which
I
thus
paraphrase
in
English
.
You
Eastern
Husbands
,
in
your
funerall
Lawes
Most
happy
,
and
their
first
inventors
wise
,
In
which
you
are
more
famous
then
,
because
On
you
the
blushing
morning
first
doth
rise
,
When
Death
hath
with
his
last
mortiferous
wound
The
Husband
struck
,
his
last
Rites
to
prepare
,
A
pious
troop
of
wives
engirt
him
round
,
Drying
their
moist
cheeks
with
their
scatt'red
hair
,
Who
strive
which
shall
associate
him
in
fate
,
And
bed
with
him
,
together
in
the
flame
,
To
live
beyond
him
is
a
thing
they
hate
,
And
he
once
dead
,
life
is
to
them
a
shame
:
She
that
can
die
with
him
,
hath
her
desire
,
And
leaps
with
joy
into
the
funerall
fire
.
The
like
is
observed
by
a
people
of
Thrace
,
Herod
,
lib.
5.
The
wives
amongst
the
Geates
repair
to
their
husbands
sepulchre
,
and
holding
al
life
tedious
and
burthensome
without
them
,
other
their
bodies
willingly
either
the
sword
,
or
to
the
fire
.
The
Custome
of
the
Catheoreans
was
,
Alex.
ab
Alex.
lib.
1.
cap.
25.
The
women
amongst
the
Herulians
Ga●●elm
.
Masmsbur
.
lib.
1.
cap.
64.
de
Anglia
,
Fulgos
.
lib.
4.
cap.
6.
Fannia
,
the
daughter
of
Arria
the
younger
,
wife
to
Poetus
Patavinus
(
before
remembred
in
her
brave
and
heroick
death
with
her
husband
)
was
the
spouse
of
Helvidius
Priscus
,
who
followed
him
in
all
his
exile
,
even
to
his
unfortunate
and
most
unjust
death
:
she
was
the
third
time
confin'd
,
from
the
reign
of
Tiberius
Nero.
to
the
death
of
Domitian
.
Pliny
with
infinite
praises
applauds
the
incomparable
vertues
of
this
Fannia
,
with
both
the
Arrias
in
Lib.
9.
in
his
Epistle
to
Quadratus
,
and
in
his
seventh
to
Genitor
and
Priscus
.
Triaria
was
the
noble
and
chast
wife
of
L.
Vitellius
,
brother
to
Aul.
Vitellius
the
Emperor
,
who
as
Hypsicrataea
followed
Mithridates
in
all
his
combustious
wars
,
so
she
never
forsook
her
husband
,
but
was
present
with
him
in
all
those
civil
dissentions
against
Vespasian
.
And
the
night
when
Vitellius
her
Lord
with
a
great
army
of
Souldiers
invaded
and
entred
the
City
Terecyna
,
she
presented
her selfe
in
the
middest
of
the
slaughter
,
not
only
daring
but
doing
equally
with
the
most
valiant
,
killing
on
all
sides
,
till
she
had
hemmed
her selfe
in
with
dead
bodies
,
slaine
by
her
own
hand
;
so
bold
and
magnanimous
a
spirit
had
the
conjugall
love
to
her
husband
imprest
in
her
:
Her
memory
is
made
famous
by
the
same
Author
,
Antonia
Flaxilla
(
by
)
some
called
Archona
)
when
her
husband
Priscus
was
found
guilty
of
the
Pysonian
Faction
,
and
for
that
cause
exiled
by
Nero
,
and
when
she
might
have
enjoied
all
the
plenty
and
abundance
in
Rome
,
left
all
the
pleasures
and
delights
of
the
City
,
to
accompany
her
desolate
Lord
in
his
penurous
and
uncomfortable
banishment
.
Her
example
Egnatia
Maximilla
imitated
,
who
likewise
associated
her
husband
Gallus
,
guilty
of
the
same
conspiracy
with
Priscus
.
Fulgos
.
lib.
6.
c.
7.
From
Jacobus
,
the
son
of
Vsson
Cassannus
,
amongst
many
other
Captains
that
revolted
,
there
was
one
eminent
in
that
rebellion
,
called
Pandoerus
,
who
had
a
most
beautiful
young
wife
(
her
age
exceeded
not
sixteen
years
)
to
whom
he
was
ardently
and
in
conjoined
love
affected
.
He
being
by
her
often
earnestly
entreated
to
forbeare
all
conflicts
with
the
enemy
,
but
by
no
means
,
either
moved
by
her
tears
,
or
perswaded
by
her
intercessions
and
praiers
(
persisting
resolute
for
a
present
encounter
)
she
then
begged
of
him
.
That
before
he
hazarded
himselfe
to
the
extremity
of
danger
,
he
would
first
take
away
her
fears
,
by
transpiercing
her
with
his
sword
:
which
when
he
likewise
denied
,
he
presently
left
her
,
and
gave
signall
of
battell
,
in
which
conflict
he
was
vanquished
and
slain
,
his
Tent
rifled
,
his
wife
surprized
,
and
committed
into
the
hands
of
one
of
the
chief
Captains
belonging
to
the
King
:
who
pitying
her
tears
and
sorrow
(
to
which
her
feature
and
beauty
gave
no
common
lustre
)
made
instant
suit
unto
her
,
to
make
her
his
wife
.
She
(
whilst
she
could
)
put
him
off
with
all
possible
delaies
:
but
after
perceiving
,
that
what
he
could
not
compasse
with
her
good
will
,
he
purposed
to
attain
unto
by
compulsion
and
force
,
she
craved
only
some
few
hours
of
deliberation
privately
to
her selfe
:
which
granted
,
and
being
retired
,
she
first
writ
in
a
short
Scedule
these
words
,
Let
none
report
,
that
the
wife
of
Pandocrus
harboured
so
little
love
,
as
to
out-live
him
.
Which
Note
leaving
upon
the
table
,
she
took
a
sword
then
hanging
in
the
chamber
,
with
which
she
immediately
dispatcht
her selfe
of
life
,
and
so
expired
,
following
him
in
death
,
with
whose
life
she
could
be
no
longer
delighted
.
Ibidem
.
Equall
in
all
Matrimoniall
piety
with
this
Lady
,
was
Cecilia
Barbadica
Veneta
,
who
after
the
death
of
her
husband
Philippus
Vedraminus
,
by
no
counsell
,
comfort
or
perswasion
,
could
be
won
(
either
by
her
kindred
or
friends
)
to
taste
the
least
food
whatsoever
,
or
give
answer
to
any
word
that
was
spoken
to
her
;
in
which
silence
and
consumption
,
she
(
after
some
few
daies
of
unspeakable
sorrow
)
breathed
her
last
,
Egnat
.
lib.
4.
cap.
●
.
Petrus
Candianus
,
after
the
decease
of
his
first
wife
,
espoused
a
second
,
called
Walberta
,
the
daughter
of
Vgon
,
one
of
the
Princes
of
Italy
,
who
lived
with
him
in
all
obedience
,
with
a
religious
observation
of
true
love
and
piety
,
never
forsaking
him
in
any
disaster
,
but
attending
him
with
her
young
son
in
law
,
Vitalis
.
The
Duke
her
husband
being
after
slain
by
the
Venetians
in
a
seditious
mutiny
,
Vitalis
escaped
the
fury
of
the
〈◊〉
,
and
fled
,
but
she
staied
to
abide
the
utmost
danger
,
with
the
body
of
her
dead
husband
,
meditating
all
possible
means
to
revenge
the
death
of
her
husband
upon
the
conspirators
:
but
her
womanish
inability
not
prevailing
,
she
likewise
secretly
left
the
City
,
and
followed
her
son
Vitalis
;
in
whose
society
she
fled
to
Adeleta
,
the
wife
of
Otho
the
German
Emperor
,
who
at
the
same
time
resided
in
the
City
Placentia
;
but
after
long
vain
intercession
(
seeing
her
hopes
and
purposes
quite
frustrate
)
she
retired
again
into
her
own
City
,
where
she
lived
a
sad
and
solitary
life
,
still
invoking
the
name
of
Petrus
Candianus
,
with
whose
name
in
her
mouth
,
she
not
long
after
deceased
.
Egnat
.
(
the
remembrance●
of
the
former
History
)
speaks
likewise
of
Fran●scus
Fos●arus
,
another
Duke
of
Venicewho
married
a
second
wife
out
of
the
Noble
Family
of
the
Nanae
,
with
whom
he
conjoinedly
lived
long
,
and
had
by
her
hopefull
issue
:
But
the
Senat
in
his
age
depriving
him
of
the
Principality
,
with
the
g●iefe
thereof
he
retired
himselfe
into
the
most
ancient
house
of
his
own
family
,
and
there
(
after
three
daies
)
died
.
Whose
body
,
when
the
Fathers
would
have
had
brought
forth
to
a
solemn
and
Princely
Funerall
,
because
he
had
once
been
their
Duke
and
Soveraign
,
she
shut
her
gates
against
them
,
blaming
their
former
ingratitude
,
alledging
,
she
had
both
wealth
and
will
sufficient
(
without
them
)
to
bestow
upon
him
the
latest
●●tes
due
to
a
worthy
and
to
all
husband
:
And
though
the
Fathers
were
instant
upon
her
first
with
entreats
,
and
after
menaces
;
yet
she
constantly
〈◊〉
in
her
resolution
not
suffering
them
once
to
approach
the
place
,
much
lesse
to
take
thence
the
body
〈…〉
carefully
bestowed
it
,
still
exclaiming
on
the
Senates
〈◊〉
,
and
the
Commonweals
〈◊〉
gratitude
,
who
to
〈…〉
wrongs
〈…〉
new
injury
,
not
〈…〉
,
whom
they
had
so
perjuriously
〈…〉
forsaken
.
Notwithstanding
these
exclamations
,
they
〈◊〉
her
up
in
her
chamber
,
and
pe●fore
took
thence
the
body
,
all
the
Fathers
attending
upon
the
Hearse
,
upon
which
they
bestowed
a
solemn
and
a
pompous
funerall
The
greater
their
counterfeit
sorrow
was
outwardly
,
the
greater
was
her
essentiall
griefe
,
still
more
and
more
weeping
,
every
succeeding
day
adding
to
her
tears
,
to
think
that
her
Princely
Husband
should
in
his
death
be
for
any
courtesies
at
all
beholding
to
his
enemies
,
desiring
,
that
he
(
whom
for
his
principality
they
had
degraded
,
and
compelled
to
a
private
life
)
might
only
by
her
and
from
her
have
had
a
private
Funerall
:
with
whose
choice
affection
,
and
rare
conjugall
piety
,
I
have
broke
off
to
enter
upon
a
new
Project
.
De
Laenis
,
Or
of
Bawds
.
FRom
the
honor
of
Women
,
I
now
come
to
the
disgrace
and
shame
of
their
Sex
,
in
which
I
will
be
as
briefe
,
as
I
know
the
very
name
to
be
to
all
chast
minds
odious
.
Sot●des
Marionites
Cinedus
,
that
is
,
one
abused
against
nature
,
or
addicted
to
preposterous
Venery
,
was
a
Poet
,
and
writ
most
bawdy
and
beastly
Iambicks
in
the
Ionian
tongue
,
which
he
intituled
Cinaedi
;
in
which
were
described
the
forms
and
figures
of
severall
new
devised
Lusts
(
and
before
that
time
)
unheard
of
prostitutions
:
Of
whom
Martial
thus
●aies
,
Nec
retro
lego
Sotadem
Cinaedum
.
Neither
do
I
read
Sotades
Cinaedus
backward
.
For
as
Voleterran
lib.
17.
Antropoph
.
relates
,
his
verses
were
all
to
be
read
backward
,
lest
their
included
nastiness
might
appear
too
plain
and
palpable
.
Tranquil
.
reports
of
Tiberius
Caesar
,
That
he
built
Cellars
and
Vaults
,
in
which
all
kind
of
lusts
and
monstrous
congressions
were
practised
in
his
presence
,
which
would
offend
modest
ears
but
to
hear
related
.
The
Emperor
Domitian
succeeded
,
if
not
exceeded
him
in
those
detestable
and
devilish
abominations
,
He
as
Suetonius
affirms
,
devised
that
which
was
called
Clinopales
,
i.
The
wrestling
in
the
bed
;
he
was
often
seen
to
bath
himselfe
and
swim
in
the
company
of
the
basest
and
most
common
strumpets
,
he
stuprated
his
brothers
daughter
yet
a
Virgin
,
after
she
was
contracted
to
another
man
Cratinus
Atheniensis
the
Comick
Poet
,
was
so
dissolutely
addicted
both
to
Wine
and
Venery
,
that
he
hung
his
chamber
round
with
Glasses
,
the
better
to
discover
himselfe
in
his
own
unnaturall
and
beastly
prostitution
.
The
like
some
of
our
scandalous
Gramma●●●
most
falsly
would
asperse
upon
Horace
.
Suet.
confers
the
like
upon
Tiberius
,
as
likewise
Gyrald
.
Dial.
6.
Historiae
Poctarum
,
Elephantis
Philaenis
and
Astianassa
,
writ
books
of
the
severall
waies
of
Congression
,
with
the
pictures
of
them
inserted
;
but
of
them
I
shall
speak
further
in
the
title
of
the
Poetesses
,
but
before
I
come
to
these
she-monsters
in
particular
,
I
will
remember
some
few
men
infamous
in
the
like
kind
.
Erasmus
in
Chiliad●b
.
speaks
of
one
Clobulus
a
most
wicked
He-bawd
,
who
kept
in
his
house
two
most
infamous
strumpets
,
whose
bodies
he
prostituted
for
money
to
all
strangers
,
and
what
the
whores
could
not
extort
from
them
,
he
himselfe
would
r●b
them
of
,
from
whence
came
the
Proverd
,
Clebuli
ignum
,
which
was
still
in
use
when
two
knaves
of
like
dishonesty
were
seen
to
have
friendship
and
society
together
.
Timaeus
apud
Erasmum
,
speaks
of
one
Cymarus
a
Selenusian
Bawd
,
who
all
his
life
time
promised
to
leave
his
ill
gotten
goods
to
the
Temple
of
Venus
,
in
whose
service
he
had
got
them
;
but
at
his
death
they
were
all
squandred
and
lost
,
by
the
direption
of
the
multitude
.
One
Cippius
counterfeited
himselfe
to
sleep
and
short
,
that
others
with
the
lesse
fear
or
doubt
might
have
free
inter
course
and
carnall
society
with
his
wife
;
an
argument
that
he
was
not
●●●nted
with
the
fiend
called
jealousie●
from
him
grew
the
●dage
which
Cicero
used
in
an
Epistle
to
Fabius
Gallus
.
Non
omnibus
dormio
,
i
I
sleep
not
to
all
men
.
〈◊〉
apud
B●ro●ldum
.
〈◊〉
remembers
us
of
the
〈…〉
,
and
〈◊〉
of
one
〈◊〉
,
that
made
his
wife
basely
〈◊〉
.
Cai.
Ticinius
Minte●nensis
,
provoked
his
wife
to
inchastity
for
no
other
reason
then
to
defraud
her
of
her
〈◊〉
Gem●llus
one
of
the
Tribunes
of
Rome
,
a
man
of
a
noble
family
,
yet
was
of
that
corrupt
and
degenerate
conditions
,
that
he
made
his
own
Pallace
no
better
then
a
common
〈…〉
,
that
in
the
Consulship
of
Metellus
and
〈…〉
suffered
two
great
Ladies
,
Mutia
and
Fulvia
(
innobled
both
〈…〉
families
)
with
the
noble
child
Saturmus
to
be
〈◊〉
in
his
own
house
.
Clemens
Alex
indrinus
lib.
〈…〉
and
lib.
4.
have
left
remembred
,
that
the
Arch
Heretick
Nicolaus
having
a
faire
wife
▪
and
being
reproved
of
jealousie
by
me
Apostles
,
Henry
the
Vnable
.
Now
of
She-Bawds
,
and
of
them
briefly
.
Plutarch
in
the
life
of
Pericles
,
reports
,
That
Aspasia
his
sole
delight
,
made
her
house
a
Stews
,
in
which
the
bodies
of
the
fairest
young
Women
,
were
made
common
for
monie
.
It
is
reported
that
Callistion
,
sirnamed
Proche
,
being
hired
to
lie
with
a
common
fellow
or
bond-man
,
and
by
reason
of
the
hot
weather
being
naked
,
she
espied
the
marks
and
ska●s
of
blowes
and
stripes
upon
his
shoulders
:
to
whom
she
said
.
Alas
poor
man
,
how
came
these
?
he
willing
to
conceal
his
base
condition
answered
,
That
being
a
child
he
had
scalding
hot
Pottage
poured
down
his
neck
,
I
beleeve
it
(
saith
she
)
but
sure
they
were
Calves
Pottage
,
made
of
Calves
flesh
,
promptly
reproving
his
quality
,
because
slaves
eat
pottage
made
of
Veal
,
and
the
things
with
which
they
were
lashed
and
scourged
,
were
made
of
Calves
skins
.
Erasm
Apophtheg
.
6.
Dipsas
is
the
name
of
an
old
Bawd
in
one
of
Ovid's
Elegies
,
whom
for
instructing
his
mistresse
in
the
veneriall
trade
,
he
reproves
in
these
verses
:
Est
quaedam
(
quicunque
volet
cognoscere
lenam
Audiat
)
est
quaedam
nomine
Dipsas
anus
.
If
any
man
an
old
Bawd
list
to
know
,
'T
is
the
crone
Dipsas
she
is
titl'd
so
.
Of
the
Bawd
Quartilla
I
have
before
given
you
a
true
character
from
Petronius
Arbiter
.
Tacitu●
.
lib.
17.
puts
us
in
mind
of
Calvia
Crisalpina
,
who
was
the
School-mistresse
of
Nero's
Lures
,
a
fit
tutoresse
for
such
an
apt
and
forward
Pupil
.
In
my
opinion
to
be
wondred
at
it
is
,
that
these
being
past
their
own
actuall
sins
,
wherein
too
much
saciety
hath
bred
suffer
,
or
the
infirmity
of
age
,
or
disease
,
a
meer
disability
of
performance
;
yet
even
in
their
last
of
daies
,
and
when
one
foot
is
already
in
the
grave
,
they
without
any
thought
of
repentance
or
the
least
hope
of
grace
,
as
if
they
had
net
wickednesse
enough
of
their
own
to
answer
for
,
heap
upon
them
the
sins
of
others
;
as
not
only
inticing
and
alluring
Virgins
and
young
wives
,
to
that
base
veneriall
trade
,
and
the
infinite
inconveniences
both
soul
and
body
depending
thereupon
,
but
to
wear
their
garments
by
the
prostitution
of
others
,
and
eat
their
Bread
,
and
drink
Sack
and
Aqua-vitae
by
their
mercenarie
sweat
;
and
so
base
an
usury
and
uncomely
a
travel
of
their
bodies
,
as
is
not
only
odious
in
the
eies
of
man
,
but
abominable
in
the
sight
of
Angels
This
apprehension
puts
me
in
mind
of
what
Cornelius
Gallius
writes
in
a
Periphasis
of
old
Age
,
Stat
dubius
tremulusque
senex
semperque
malorum
Credulus
,
&
stultus
quae
facit
ipse
timet
,
Laudat
praeteritos
,
prae
entes
despicit
annos
Hoc
tantum
rectum
,
quod
facit
ipse
,
putat
,
&c.
What
he
speaks
of
the
old
man
,
may
be
as
well
appropriated
to
the
aged
woman
,
his
Verses
I
thus
English
:
The
trembling
old
man
he
is
doubtfull
still
,
And
fearfull
in
himselfe
of
that
known
ill
,
Of
which
he
's
author
,
and
in
this
appears
His
fully
,
to
because
of
what
he
fears
.
Past
years
he
'l
praise
,
the
present
he
'l
despise
,
Nought
save
what
's
his
,
seems
pleasing
in
his
eies
.
It
after
followes
.
Hae
sunt
primitiae
,
&c.
Of
Death
these
the
first
fruits
are
,
and
our
fathers
Declining
towards
the
Earth
,
she
her
own
gathers
Into
her selfe
,
though
with
a
tardy
pace
.
We
come
at
length
;
the
colour
of
the
face
,
Our
habit
,
nor
our
gate
,
is
still
the
same
,
Nor
shape
that
was
,
yet
all
at
one
place
aim
.
For
the
loose
garments
from
our
shoulders
slides
,
And
what
before
too
short
seem'd
,
now
abides
A
trouble
to
our
heels
:
we
are
contracted
,
As
if
(
of
late
)
in
a
new
world
compacted
,
Decreasing
still
;
our
bones
are
dri'd
within
,
As
seem
our
flesh
shrunk
in
our
withered
skin
.
We
have
scarce
liberty
on
Heav'n
to
look
,
For
prone
old
age
,
as
if
it
in
some
book
Meant
to
behold
his
face
,
looks
down-ward
still
,
Prying
where
he
the
indebted
place
might
fill
,
From
whence
he
first
was
borrowed
,
and
the
same
Matter
return
to
Earth
,
from
whence
it
came
.
We
walk
with
three
feet
first
,
as
infants
creep
,
Next
crawl
on
four
,
as
if
the
ground
to
sweep
,
We
follow
our
beginning
,
all
things
mourn
Till
to
their
generation
they
return
,
And
fall
upon
the
breast
where
they
were
nurst
,
"
That
goes
to
nothing
,
which
was
nothing
first
.
This
is
the
cause
that
ru●●ous
Age
still
beats
Th'
E●●th
with
th'
〈◊〉
be
leans
on
,
and
intreats
A
place
to
rest
in
,
as
if
he
should
say
(
With
〈…〉
me
way
,
At
length
into
thy
〈…〉
thy
son
,
Who
fa●a
would
sleep
now
all
his
labour
's
done
.
Let
this
〈◊〉
as
a
short
admonition
to
these
old
corrupters
or
Youth
.
De
Gulosis
&
Vinolentis
.
i.
Of
wonton
addicted
to
Gluttony
and
Drunkennesse
.
OF
these
there
are
not
many
left
to
memory
,
the
reason
〈◊〉
may
be
conjectured
)
it
,
because
to
seem
the
more
〈◊〉
are
,
bring
invited
to
publique
Feasts
and
〈◊〉
,
many
of
them
will
dine
at
home
before
they
c●me
,
a●ing
in
private
,
●nd
drinking
in
corners
.
Of
men
for
their
incredible
〈◊〉
,
there
are
presidents
infinite
,
I
will
give
you
only
a
taste
of
some
few
,
and
those
not
altogether
common
,
●●d
with
them
to
compare
faire
women
.
I
will
passe
over
〈◊〉
remembred
by
Ovid
Cla●sias
by
the
Port
A●axilas
,
〈…〉
by
A●stophanes
,
Meclanth●●
by
Saidas
,
Treae●●e●
by
〈…〉
(
who
at
one
meal
〈◊〉
up
a
whole
But
in
imitation
〈…〉
,
who
devoured
an
Ox
at
a
breakfast
Pu●
Callonas
by
Laellus
sirnamed
Gorges
,
as
also
those
Roman
Emperors
infamous
for
the
insacieties
of
their
threat
and
●ellies
,
as
Tiberius
Nero
C.
Caligula
,
Nero
Galba
.
Vuell●●●
,
〈◊〉
Verus
Plault●●●
,
Severus
,
Auton
,
H●liogabolus
,
〈…〉
minus
Imperator
,
〈◊〉
,
Galienus
,
Augustus
,
the
most
moderate
in
diet
of
them
all
,
able
to
ground
a
History
.
〈◊〉
remembers
me
of
one
H●gotio
Fagi●lanus
,
a
Prince
,
who
after
many
rough
and
tempestuous
storm
,
of
Fortune
,
as
his
last
refuge
,
retired
himselfe
into
the
Pallace
of
Caius
Magnus
.
Duke
of
Verona
,
Hugotio
being
then
an
old
man
,
were
he
was
magnificently
feasted
and
received
,
more
like
a
father
reverenced
,
then
a
guest
enterteined
;
upon
a
time
discourse
being
commenced
at
table
concerning
eating
and
devouring
stomacks
,
where
many
of
ravenous
and
insaciate
ap●etites
were
remembred
;
Hugot●o
being
a
man
fa●
gr●sse
,
and
of
an
extraordinary
bulk
,
began
to
recite
many
unbeleevable
things
concerning
his
appetite
in
his
youth
.
One
Petrus
Navus
sitting
then
at
table
,
a
man
of
a
ready
and
acute
wit
,
thus
replied
,
We
wonder
nor
O
Prince
at
these
strange
marvelous
things
which
you
have
already
related
,
having
concealed
greater
then
you
have
yet
spoken
of
,
for
there
is
none
here
but
knowes
,
that
at
one
dinner
you
devoured
the
two
rich
Dukedomes
of
Luca
and
Pysa
;
in
these
few
words
reprehending
both
his
incredible
voracity
,
and
discommendable
prodigality
.
As
a
fit
march
to
this
great
eater
,
Aelianus
puts
us
in
mind
of
Aglais
the
daughter
of
Megacles
a
she-minstrel
,
who
at
one
meal
usually
devoured
twelve
pounds
of
flesh
,
four
great
loaves
of
bread
,
by
the
Grecians
called
Choe●ices
panum
(
a
Choenix
contained
a
measure
of
a
quarter
of
a
peck
,
which
was
as
much
as
a
man
was
allowed
to
eat
in
one
day
)
to
which
she
usually
drunk
four
Congiums
of
wine
,
every
one
conteining
six
Sextaries
,
and
is
according
to
our
measure
,
a
Gallon
and
a
Pinte
.
Timocreon
of
Rhodes
for
his
gulosity
in
meat
and
wine
,
was
called
Helluo
,
which
signifies
an
insaciable
glutton
,
after
his
death
this
Epitaph
was
inscribed
upon
his
Tomb
stone
:
Multa
hibens
,
tam
multa
vorans
,
male
plurima
dicens
Multis
,
hic
jacco
Tymocreon
Rhodius
.
Much
drinking
,
eating
much
,
and
much
ill
speaking
,
I
(
Of
many
)
here
beneath
this
stone
Rhodian
Tymocreon
lie
.
What
shall
I
now
think
of
Aga●isla
the
daughter
of
Clisthenes
,
who
it
seems
h●d
an
extraordinary
good
stomack
,
since
Aelianus
in
his
twelfth
book
tels
us
,
that
when
Smindrides
of
the
City
Sybarita
came
to
visite
her
as
a
suitor
,
he
sent
before
him
a
thousand
Cooks
,
a
thousand
Bird-catchers
or
Fowlers
;
and
a
thousand
Fishermen
to
catch
fishes
,
and
all
to
the
furnishing
of
one
table
.
Astidamas
Milesius
,
being
invited
to
supper
by
the
Persian
Ariobarzanes
,
he
alone
devoured
what
was
provided
for
himselfe
and
all
his
other
guests
.
It
is
read
likewise
of
Gathis
Queen
of
Syria
,
to
be
so
gluttonous
,
that
she
caused
an
Edict
to
be
published
with
a
great
penalty
depending
upon
the
breach
thereof
,
That
it
was
not
lawfull
for
any
subject
to
tast
or
eat
fish
,
unlesse
she
were
invited
to
the
feast
.
Ravisius
.
Philoxenus
Eressius
the
son
of
Leucadius
,
a
Parrasite
,
for
his
gluttony
was
called
Philodipnos
,
by
others
Philichthis
,
by
Aristotle
,
Pachemerus
,
and
in
his
third
book
Ethicorum
,
Opsophagos
,
because
(
as
Melanthius
before
him
did
)
he
wisht
his
neck
so
long
as
a
Cranes
,
that
he
might
be
the
better
delighted
in
the
swallowing
of
his
junkets
.
If
any
dish
were
set
before
him
that
relished
his
Pallat
,
he
would
purposely
cast
therein
some
nasty
or
noisome
thing
offensive
to
the
guests
,
that
they
abhorring
the
taste
thereof
,
he
might
have
the
liberty
to
devour
it
alone
he
being
set
at
Dionysius
his
Table
,
and
a
smal
Muller
being
placed
before
him
,
when
the
greater
were
set
at
the
upper
end
of
the
boo●d
,
he
took
the
little
fish
and
held
the
mouth
thereof
close
to
his
eare
,
which
Dionysius
observing
,
asked
what
his
reason
was
so
to
do
?
who
presently
answered
the
King
▪
that
he
was
inquiring
of
that
small
fish
concerning
Nercus
and
Galat●a
,
to
be
resolved
of
some
seanewes
;
but
the
young
Mullet
excused
himselfe
by
reason
of
his
youth
and
juniority
,
but
commended
him
to
those
his
elders
and
greaters
above
,
from
whom
he
might
be
better
satisfied
.
Dionysius
pleased
with
his
jeast
,
reached
him
down
the
bigger
fishes
on
which
he
fed
to
his
content
.
This
Philod●pnos
died
in
Syracusa
,
after
he
at
one
meal
had
devoured
up
a
whole
Po●p●ise
of
two
cubit●
long
,
all
save
the
head
.
Girald
.
Dial.
9.
Histor.
Poctarum
Though
not
for
such
voracious
devouring
,
yet
for
her
profu●senesse
and
prodigality
in
diet
,
Cleopatra
the
last
Queen
of
Aegypt
,
is
remarkable
,
who
as
S●donius
testifies
of
her
,
at
one
supper
to
which
she
invited
Marc.
Antonius
,
bestowed
an
infinite
masse
of
treasure
,
one
dish
in
the
second
course
being
valued
at
two
hundred
and
fifty
pieces
of
Gold
;
more
famous
she
was
for
her
draught
in
which
she
drunk
unto
him
,
in
which
she
pownded
a
Pearl
that
was
valued
at
no
lesse
then
the
ransome
of
a
King
.
From
eating
I
come
now
to
drinking
.
The
Greeks
in
all
their
feasts
and
celebrations
used
at
first
smal
cups
and
moderate
daughts
,
but
after
,
bowls
of
greater
receit
and
deeper
quassing
healths
,
insomuch
it
grew
to
a
proverb
,
if
any
man
took
an
extraordinary
draught
,
he
was
said
,
Graeco
more
bibere
,
that
is
,
to
drink
after
the
manner
of
the
Grecians
,
Alex.
ab
Alex.
lib.
5.
cap.
21.
saith
,
There
was
a
law
amongst
them
established
,
that
such
as
would
not
freely
take
the
round
as
it
past
,
must
depart
the
place
.
They
used
at
those
publick
meetings
,
in
their
cups
to
salute
the
gods
,
and
in
turning
up
the
bottom
of
the
bowl
or
glasse
at
the
end
of
every
draught
,
Adrianus
B●rlandus
,
Centuria
primae
,
reports
,
That
a
young
man
being
at
a
Banquet
,
was
accused
for
many
scandalous
and
calumniated
words
spoken
against
a
Priest
;
for
which
being
questioned
and
cited
before
the
Judges
,
a
question
was
demanded
him
,
Why
he
durst
speak
to
〈◊〉
against
a
man
of
his
holy
profession
and
sacred
order
?
who
answered
,
Should
he
invite
me
again
unto
the
like
Feast
,
and
ply
me
so
fast
with
wine
as
he
did
then
,
I
should
not
only
be
apt
to
malign
and
revile
,
but
beat
out
of
the
room
(
if
they
were
then
present
)
the
twelve
Apostles
.
The
Judges
by
this
understanding
,
that
his
contempt
only
proceeded
from
the
excesse
of
wine
,
dismist
him
unpunished
,
and
upon
the
Priest
that
had
first
invited
him
,
and
after
accused
him
;
they
laid
this
pennance
,
That
he
should
taste
no
wine
for
four
whole
daies
together
.
Old
Ennius
(
notwithstanding
these
effects
)
never
buckled
himselfe
to
the
writing
of
any
brave
Heroick
Verse
,
before
his
brain
was
moistned
,
and
his
Muse
kindled
and
awaked
with
the
spirit
of
the
grape
:
of
whom
Horace
,
Ennius
ipse
pater
nunquam
nisi
potus
ad
arma
Prosituit
,
&c.
They
need
no
further
explanation
,
the
former
words
expresse
them
fully
.
Tiberius
was
so
addicted
to
immoderate
cups
,
that
bring
in
the
camp
,
the
souldiers
used
to
nickname
him
,
and
instead
of
clodius
called
him
Caldus
;
for
Tiberius
,
Biberius
;
and
for
Nero
,
Mero
;
all
of
them
reproving
his
intemperate
Vinosity
.
Juvenal
in
his
Satyrs
reports
one
Lanfella
,
a
woman
,
for
an
incontinent
wine-bibber
Martial
taxes
another
,
called
Myrtale
,
for
her
insacia●e
drinking
;
but
because
her
breath
should
not
smel
of
the
Grape
,
she
used
to
temter
her
wine
with
the
leaves
of
Lawrel
:
His
words
be
these
:
Foetore
multo
Myrtale
solet
vino
Sed
fallat
ut
nos
,
folia
devorat
Lauri
.
Myrtale
drinks
much
wine
:
which
to
excuse
,
Lest
that
her
breath
thereof
should
stink
and
smel
,
To
deceive
us
,
she
in
her
cups
doth
use
To
have
her
wine
with
Lawrell
temp'red
well
.
The
like
Epigram
he
hath
,
lib.
1.
of
another
called
Fescenina
,
a
great
drinker
of
wine
,
whom
he
brands
for
her
intemperance
.
In
so
great
a
custome
was
this
rioting
in
drink
grown
,
that
when
the
great
and
sumptuous
Espousals
of
Hyppolita
and
Alphonsus
were
celebrated
by
King
Ferdinand
his
father
,
where
every
thing
was
carried
with
extraordinary
magnificence
and
state
,
as
well
the
ma●tiall
exercises
abroad
,
as
the
Masks
,
Revels
,
and
private
sports
within
,
which
extended
not
only
to
condign
praise
,
but
admiration
of
all
the
spectators
:
and
all
these
Pastimes
,
Feasts
,
and
Banquets
,
kept
to
the
end
with
great
plenty
and
abundance
,
yet
without
vain
excesse
and
〈…〉
.
In
the
shutting
up
all
these
solemnities
,
one
amidst
the
multitude
(
by
Nation
a
German
)
clamoured
out
aloud
(
even
to
the
hearing
of
the
King
,
and
all
his
Princely
guests
)
in
these
words
;
Oh
valeant
ludi
quibus
nemo
bibit
,
i.
Happy
be
those
sports
,
in
which
there
is
no
excesse
in
drinking
.
Pontanus
.
And
thus
for
the
present
I
give
over
Healthing
.
Of
Women
beloved
of
divers
creatures
.
EGesidemus
upon
Pliny
,
tels
us
,
That
the
child
Hermias
was
so
beloved
of
a
Dolphin
,
that
she
would
come
to
the
Sea-shore
and
suster
him
to
get
upon
her
back
,
then
swim
with
him
into
the
sea
;
and
having
sported
with
him
sufficiently
,
bring
him
safe
to
land
,
and
then
attend
him
the
next
day
.
It
hapned
▪
that
having
long
continued
this
love
betwixt
them
,
upon
a
time
being
mounted
on
the
Dolphins
back
,
a
sudden
tempest
arose
,
by
the
violence
of
which
the
Lad
was
beaten
off
,
and
so
perished
in
the
sea
.
Which
the
Dolphin
perceiving
,
and
having
lost
him
whom
she
much
loved
,
she
left
the
water
,
and
casting
her selfe
upon
the
dry
Continent
,
there
gave
up
her selfe
to
a
voluntary
death
.
Of
the
love
of
that
kind
of
Fish
to
men
and
children
,
there
are
divers
remembrances
,
as
of
Arion
,
and
others
.
In
Argis
,
the
child
Olenus
was
affected
by
a
Goose
:
so
likewise
Lycidas
the
Philosopher
,
who
would
never
depart
from
him
,
nor
be
driven
out
of
his
company
,
but
was
his
continuall
associate
,
in
publike
and
private
,
in
the
Bath
,
in
the
night
,
the
day
,
without
any
intermission
.
Plin.
lib.
10.
cap.
22.
Glauce
the
Harper
was
beloved
of
a
Ram
;
a
youth
of
Sparta
by
a
Daw.
Nicander
apud
Caelium
witnesseth
,
That
one
Selandus
,
the
Butler
to
the
King
of
Bithynia
,
was
beloved
of
a
Cock
,
whom
they
called
Centaurus
.
A
Cock
doted
likewise
on
a
young
Lad
,
whose
name
was
Amohilochus
,
by
Nation
an
Olenian
.
Why
may
we
not
then
as
well
give
credit
,
that
Semiramis
was
affected
by
a
Horse
,
and
Pasiphae
by
a
Bull
?
when
Pliny
tels
us
,
that
in
Leucadia
a
young
Damosel
was
so
beloved
of
a
Peacock
,
that
the
enamoured
bird
never
left
her
in
life
,
and
accompanied
her
in
death
:
for
seeing
the
Virgin
dead
,
Plin.
lib.
10.
cap.
5.
Saxo
Grammat
.
in
the
tenth
book
of
his
Danish
History
reports
,
That
certain
young
maids
of
a
Village
in
Swethland
,
playing
and
sporting
together
in
the
fields
upon
a
holy-day
,
suddenly
an
huge
he
Bear
rushed
out
of
the
forrest
,
and
snatched
up
the
fairest
amongst
them
,
and
hurried
her
away
to
his
Den
;
but
gently
,
and
without
any
harm
:
where
having
bestowed
her
,
long
gazed
on
her
face
,
as
if
with
a
kind
of
admiration
,
he
grew
so
enamoured
of
her
on
the
sudden
,
that
in
the
stead
of
a
murtherer
he
became
a
lover
,
imparting
unto
her
all
the
prey
that
he
got
abroad
.
The
sequele
of
this
History
(
which
is
almost
past
beliefe
)
I
am
loth
(
for
many
speciall
reasons
)
to
prosecute
any
further
here
:
therefore
(
though
abruptly
)
I
break
it
off
.
Of
Women
excellent
in
the
Art
of
Painting
,
Weaving
,
&c.
INnumerable
are
the
men
that
have
been
excellent
in
the
quality
of
Painting
:
the
Catalogue
of
their
Names
(
without
a
Capitulation
of
their
Works
)
would
ask
much
paper
,
but
great
pains
to
set
down
.
Yet
as
of
the
rest
,
I
will
give
you
a
small
taste
of
their
exquisite
dexterity
in
that
Art
.
I
have
read
,
That
Apelles
having
made
an
excellent
Piece
,
in
which
he
had
deciphered
a
Horse
to
the
life
,
he
thought
it
then
a
Present
worthy
Alexander
:
and
comming
to
present
it
to
the
King
,
he
only
gave
it
a
neglected
look
,
neither
praising
it
,
nor
discommending
it
,
but
found
other
discourse
.
The
Painter
still
holding
it
up
,
Bucephalus
(
on
whom
the
King
was
then
mounted
)
casting
his
〈◊〉
upon
the
Table
,
fell
a
neighing
,
thinking
the
lively
effigies
had
been
a
living
Beast
.
Which
Apelles
observing
,
could
no
longer
contain
himselfe
,
but
cried
out
aloud
;
O
Alexander
,
I
now
well
perceive
thy
Horse
hath
better
judgement
in
Painting
then
thy selfe
.
Zeuxes
being
almost
with
him
equally
famous
,
Apelles
maligning
that
any
Painter
should
be
named
whilst
he
was
yet
alive
,
took
occasion
in
an
humour
,
to
make
a
purposed
Journy
to
give
him
visitation
,
but
especially
to
observe
the
manner
of
his
shop
,
and
work-house
;
and
crossing
an
arm
of
the
Sea
,
he
came
to
the
City
where
Zeuxes
then
lived
,
and
enquiring
out
his
house
,
was
directed
thither
,
where
knocking
;
the
maid
came
to
the
door
,
Apelles
asked
her
for
her
master
:
she
told
him
,
he
was
gone
into
the
Town
upon
very
serious
occasions
,
and
was
not
then
within
;
but
I
pray
(
Sir
)
when
my
master
returns
,
who
shall
I
say
was
here
to
speak
with
him
?
Apelles
spying
a
fair
Table
hanging
in
the
shop
,
ready
to
be
wrought
,
but
no
work
therein
,
and
the
Pensils
and
Colours
all
ready
by
it
,
By
thy
leave
maid
(
saith
he
)
and
entring
the
shop
,
chused
out
a
Pensill
,
with
which
he
only
drew
a
curous
small
line
crosse
the
Table
,
almost
of
that
si●enesse
to
deceive
the
eie
:
which
having
suddenly
ended
,
Tell
thy
master
(
saith
he
to
the
maid
)
That
he
that
drew
this
line
was
here
to
have
spoken
with
him
,
and
so
away
he
goes
:
who
was
no
sooner
out
,
but
Zeuxes
returning
,
and
asking
her
,
If
any
man
had
been
there
to
ask
for
him
in
his
absence
?
she
told
him
all
,
and
shewed
the
line
drawn
upon
the
Table
;
on
which
he
looking
with
admiration
,
suddenly
broke
into
an
exclamation
,
saying
,
This
could
never
have
been
done
but
by
the
hand
of
Apelles
;
and
instantly
sent
up
and
down
the
Town
to
seek
him
.
In
the
interim
(
this
president
being
still
standing
before
him
)
in
a
kind
of
emulation
,
it
animated
him
to
adventure
on
something
worthy
the
sight
of
Apelles
;
when
chusing
out
another
colour
,
differing
from
that
Apelles
had
wrought
,
he
with
his
Pensill
cut
the
first
line
just
in
the
middle
with
a
kind
of
miraculous
stedfastnesse
and
evennesse
:
when
glorying
in
his
work
(
which
indeed
was
rare
)
Now
tell
the
Painter
(
saith
he
)
if
he
come
again
to
enquire
of
me
,
that
I
have
been
since
at
home
,
witnesse
that
,
and
shew
him
the
Table
;
and
so
retired
himselfe
into
the
inner
part
of
the
house
.
Soon
after
comes
Apelles
,
and
asks
the
maid
if
her
master
had
been
yet
at
home
?
Yes
,
Sir
(
saith
she
)
and
bad
me
shew
you
this
,
and
asks
you
how
you
like
it
.
Apelles
wondered
(
as
thinking
it
had
scarce
been
to
be
found
in
Art
)
and
was
startled
at
the
first
;
but
as
one
that
never
had
been
equalled
,
and
loth
now
to
be
exceeded
,
he
again
took
the
Pencill
,
and
altering
the
colour
,
in
the
very
life
and
spirit
of
Art
,
he
divided
the
(
almost
invisible
)
line
of
Zeuxes
;
parting
it
in
the
middest
,
in
such
a
constant
proportion
,
that
it
seemed
altogether
to
exceed
the
practice
of
Science
.
Which
having
done
,
Now
(
saith
he
)
commend
me
once
more
to
thy
Master
,
and
ask
him
from
me
,
if
this
last
line
hath
not
made
good
the
imperfections
of
the
former
:
at
which
word
Zeuxes
appeared
,
and
before
he
had
the
power
to
give
him
any
salutation
(
looking
upon
what
he
had
done
)
acknowledged
him
Victor
,
yet
held
it
no
dishonor
to
him
to
be
so
overcome
.
This
Table
was
after
held
as
a
rare
and
an
unparallel'd
Master-piece
,
and
being
sold
for
a
great
sum
of
monie
,
●s
a
choice
Jewel
hung
up
in
the
Capitol
of
Rome
,
where
it
was
long
preserved
,
even
till
time
had
defaced
the
colours
,
and
razed
out
the
memory
thereof
.
Amongst
thousand
Excellencies
both
in
their
Works
and
Inventions
,
these
shall
suffice
in
this
place
:
I
now
come
to
my
Women
Painters
.
Tymarete
,
the
daughter
of
Mycon
or
Mycaon
(
a
man
eminent
in
that
quality
)
amongst
other
curious
pieces
(
wrought
by
her
own
hand
)
made
that
admirall
picture
of
Diana
,
which
was
hanged
up
in
the
Temple
of
Ephesus
,
claiming
priority
above
many
that
proceeded
from
the
best
Artists
:
she
flourished
in
the
time
that
Archelaus
reigned
in
Macedonia
,
Plin
lib.
35.
cap.
11.
Irene
was
the
daughter
and
scholler
of
the
Painter
Cratinus
;
she
was
famous
for
the
pencilling
the
Maid
,
whose
effigies
was
kept
as
a
Relike
sacred
to
Memory
,
in
the
City
Eleusina
.
Calipso's
excellency
was
expressed
to
the
life
,
in
drawing
the
old
Jugler
Theodorus
.
Alcisthine
limned
a
Dancer
and
she
Minstrel
,
and
by
that
got
her
a
name
amongst
the
best
.
Aristarete
was
the
daughter
and
scholler
of
the
Painter
Marcus
,
and
drew
Asculapius
.
One
Olympias
professed
the
same
Art
,
and
instructed
many
schollers
;
amongst
whom
(
as
Pliny
saith
)
was
Autobulus
,
Lala
Cyzizena
lived
a
perpetuall
Virgin
,
and
was
the
sole
daughter
of
Marcus
Varro
:
she
practised
in
Rome
,
and
drew
both
with
the
Pencil
,
and
with
a
sharp
pointed
Qu●l
called
Cestrum
she
cut
in
ivory
.
She
medled
not
with
the
Faces
of
men
,
but
women
only
;
she
made
her
own
picture
from
a
Looking-glass
:
she
was
commended
for
the
nimblenesse
and
dexterity
of
hand
,
for
none
ever
equalled
her
in
quicknesse
;
and
for
curiosity
,
she
exceeded
two
of
the
greatest
and
best
practitioners
in
her
daies
,
Sopylon
and
Dionysius
.
From
Painting
,
I
come
to
Weaving
:
The
practise
of
which
was
held
in
great
use
and
estimation
amongst
Princsses
,
and
the
chief
Matrons
in
which
to
be
excellent
,
was
held
as
a
prime
honour
.
The
exercise
thereof
was
accounted
a
commendable
thing
in
Wives
,
and
a
great
sign
of
womanish
modesty
in
Virgins
.
It
was
first
brought
from
the
Phrygians
to
the
Romans
.
King
[
*
](A43596-e128000-b)
*
From
him
al
rich
and
costly
Arras
Hangings
are
called
Attalia
.
Attalus
was
the
first
that
devised
to
weave
with
threads
of
Gold
.
It
grew
to
that
reverend
and
respected
custome
,
that
sisters
for
their
brothers
,
mothers
for
their
sons
,
and
women
for
their
husbands
,
with
their
own
hands
,
weaved
Cloaks
and
Gowns
.
And
therefore
the
Romans
in
all
their
marriages
,
caused
the
new
married
Virgins
to
present
their
husbands
with
a
Distaffe
,
Thread
and
Spindle
:
it
is
a
custome
which
the
Iberians
still
observe
;
as
also
,
That
whatsoever
their
women
first
spin
,
and
after
weave
,
is
brought
to
be
viewed
in
publick
,
and
rared
,
she
that
hath
done
most
,
and
best
,
hath
so
much
the
more
respect
and
honour
,
Alex
ab
Alex.
lib.
4
cap
8.
Amongst
the
Phoeacenses
,
the
men
mind
only
navigation
,
and
the
women
Texture
and
weaving
;
but
amongst
the
women
of
Persia
,
it
is
held
a
great
dishonour
to
lay
her
hand
to
the
Web
or
Needle
.
Penclope
,
by
the
testimony
of
Homer
,
and
other
Poets
)
in
this
Art
was
excellently
practised
,
of
which
came
the
Proverb
,
Tela
Penelopes
&
Icar●ntis
,
The
Web
of
Penelope
or
Icariotes
(
because
she
was
the
daughter
of
Icarus
.
)
Virg.
Aeneid
lib
5.
nominates
one
Pholoe
to
be
eminent
in
that
exercise
Plin
lib.
11
ca.
22
confers
the
invention
of
Weaving
upon
Pamphile
,
the
daughter
of
Plates
,
who
devised
it
in
the
〈◊〉
Coo●
.
In
this
,
A●caeus
Pataren●●
,
and
Helicon
Caristius
,
exceeded
all
〈◊〉
:
these
two
brothers
wove
and
embroidered
a
Vesture
and
〈◊〉
for
Pallas
Poliades
,
who
was
honoured
in
the
Temple
〈◊〉
Athens
,
which
was
done
with
such
unimitable
cunning
,
that
thereupon
came
the
Adage
in
Greece
,
if
any
thing
were
curiously
or
exquisitely
performed
,
it
was
called
,
The
work
of
Acecaeus
,
and
Helicon
.
Above
others
most
magnified
by
Ovid.
Metamorph.
lib.
6.
is
Arachne
Lydia
,
the
daughter
of
Idmones
,
whose
mother
was
born
in
the
smal
City
Hypepis
:
she
having
by
many
degrees
exceeded
all
mortall
women
,
and
that
without
difficulty
durst
compare
with
Minerva
her selfe
,
who
for
her
boldnesse
and
pertinacy
she
turned
into
a
Spider
.
Her
controversie
with
Pallas
,
is
with
great
elegancy
expressed
in
Ovid.
Alexander
of
Macedon
,
and
Octavius
Augustus
,
the
one
wore
a
Garment
woven
by
his
Mother
,
the
other
a
Mantle
by
the
hands
of
his
Wife
.
These
Ladies
had
sequestred
places
,
in
some
part
of
their
Pallaces
,
and
kept
their
hand-maids
and
damosels
at
work
;
of
which
,
these
two
potent
and
mighty
Queens
disdained
not
to
be
the
daily
Directoresses
and
Over-seers
.
Alex.
ab
Alex.
cap.
4.
lib.
8.
Part
of
the
Wool
which
Tanaquil
spun
,
with
her
Distaffe
,
Spindle
,
and
Slippers
,
were
long
time
reserved
as
sacred
Reliques
in
the
Temple
of
Ancus
Martius
,
as
also
a
Kingly
Garment
or
Imperiall
Robe
,
woven
quite
through
with
Raies
and
Flames
of
Gold
,
wrought
with
her
own
hand
,
in
which
Servius
▪
Tullius
oft
went
in
state
,
and
sa●e
in
the
high
Judgement-Seat
,
in
the
Capitol
.
Varro
apud
eundem
.
By
the
Law
called
Pagana
,
all
women
were
forbidden
to
spin
or
draw
out
any
thread
in
the
streets
or
common
high
waies
,
because
they
held
it
ominous
to
the
prosperity
of
the
Grain
sown
in
the
Earth
,
or
the
Fruits
blossomed
,
or
growing
upon
the
Trees
,
as
the
same
Author
testifies
,
Ausonius
speaks
af
one
Sabina
,
not
only
excellent
in
this
Science
,
but
a
Poet
withall
,
which
he
left
to
posterity
in
one
of
his
Epigrams
:
Sive
probas
Tyrio
textam
sub
tegmine
vestra
Seu
placet
inscripti
commoditus
tituli
,
&c.
Which
is
thus
Englished
.
If
thou
affect'st
a
purple
Robe
,
Woven
in
the
Tyrian
stain
,
Or
if
a
Title
well
inscrib'd
,
By
which
thy
wit
may
gain
;
Behold
her
works
unpartially
,
And
censure
on
them
well
:
Both
,
one
Sabina
doth
professe
,
And
doth
in
both
excell
.
And
thus
I
take
leave
of
weaving
,
for
Memory
now
transports
me
to
another
Argument
.
Of
Women
Contentious
and
Bloody
.
TExtor
in
his
Ossicine
remembers
us
of
one
Kailla
,
who
was
of
that
barbarous
and
inhumane
cruelty
,
that
being
at
dissention
with
her
husband
Vazules
,
she
having
banished
all
conjugall
piety
and
pitty
,
caused
his
eies
to
be
digged
out
of
his
head
,
spending
the
remainder
of
his
age
in
uncomfortable
darknesse
,
These
subsequent
stories
of
flinty
and
obdure
hearted
women
,
though
I
could
willingly
have
spared
them
out
of
this
work
,
that
the
world
might
almost
be
induced
to
beleeve
that
no
such
immanities
could
ever
have
place
in
the
smooth
and
soft
bosomes
of
women
,
yet
in
regard
I
have
promised
briefly
to
run
over
all
Ages
,
Features
,
Affections
,
Conditions
and
Degrees
,
though
they
might
perhaps
have
been
thought
well
spared
by
some
,
yet
I
make
no
question
but
that
they
might
be
challenged
at
my
hands
by
others
.
The
rather
I
present
them
,
and
with
the
more
confidence
unto
your
view
,
because
,
though
their
actions
to
the
tender
breasted
may
seem
horrid
and
fearful
,
and
therefore
the
hardlier
to
purchase
credit
,
yet
the
testimony
of
the
Authors
being
authentick
and
approved
,
will
not
only
bear
me
out
as
their
faithfull
remembrancer
,
but
in
the
things
themselves
fasten
an
inherent
beleefe
.
I
proceed
therefore
.
Cyrce
the
Witch
,
slew
the
King
of
Sarmatia
to
whom
she
was
married
,
and
usurping
the
regall
throne
,
did
much
oppresse
her
subjects
:
of
her
Sa●●ll●cus
writes
more
at
large
.
Clitemnestra
was
the
wife
of
Agamemnon
,
Arch
Duke
or
Generall
of
the
Grecians
at
the
siege
of
Tr●y
,
she
by
the
help
of
Aegistus
(
with
whom
she
adulterated
)
slew
her
husband
,
of
this
Virgil
speaks
,
lib.
11.
Seneca
in
Ag●memnon
.
and
Juvenal
in
Satyr
.
Danaus
the
son
of
〈◊〉
,
had
fifty
〈◊〉
,
who
were
espoused
to
the
fifty
son
of
Aegustus
,
〈◊〉
made
a
eonjuration
in
one
night
to
kill
all
their
husbands
,
which
they
accordingly
did
all
save
the
〈…〉
who
spared
the
li●e
of
her
husband
〈…〉
Hercul
.
Fur.
Alexander
Phae●cus
a
Tyrant
of
〈◊〉
when
he
had
shewed
his
wife
〈◊〉
to
a
〈…〉
,
it
so
impatiently
,
that
she
cut
his
throat
sleeping
,
Ovid
in
Ib●n
.
Vol●te●ranus
repo●e
,
that
Albina
daughter
to
a
King
of
Syria
,
had
two
and
thirty
sisters
,
who
all
in
one
night
slew
their
husbands
,
who
being
exil'd
their
Countrie
,
landed
in
Brittain
;
and
that
of
this
Albina
,
this
kingdome
first
took
the
name
of
Albion
.
Laodice
was
the
wife
of
Antiochus
King
of
Syria
,
who
caused
himself
to
be
call'd
God
the
poison'd
her
husband
because
of
his
too
much
familiarity
with
〈◊〉
the
sister
of
Ptolomey
.
Fabia
slew
Fabius
Fabricianue
,
that
she
might
the
more
freely
enjoy
the
company
of
Petronius
Volentanus
a
young
man
of
extraordinary
feature
,
with
whom
she
had
often
before
accompanied
.
Agrippina
poisoned
her
husband
Tiberius
Claudius
the
Emperor
.
Lucilla
the
wife
of
Antonius
Verus
Emperor
,
poisoned
her
husband
because
she
thought
him
too
familiar
with
Fabia
.
Aa●●o●us
Prince
of
Ferolivium
,
married
with
the
daughter
of
Joannes
Bentivolus
,
of
whom
being
despised
,
and
finding
her self
neglected
,
she
hired
certain
cot-throat
Physitians
,
who
slew
him
in
his
chamber
.
Andreas
the
son
of
Carolus
King
of
Pannonia
,
was
slain
by
his
wife
Joanna
Queen
of
Sicily
,
for
no
other
reason
but
that
he
was
i●le
and
held
unprofitable
to
the
weal
publick
.
Althaea
sorrowing
that
her
two
brothers
Plexippus
and
Toxeus
were
slain
by
her
son
Meleager
she
burned
that
Brand
,
of
which
the
fattall
Sisters
had
made
a
prediction
,
That
his
life
and
health
should
continue
as
long
as
that
was
preserved
,
Ovid
Trist.
lib.
1.
Bocat
in
General
.
Agave
a
Theban
woman
,
slew
her
son
Penthaeus
,
because
he
would
not
honour
the
feast
of
the
Ba●hinals
,
with
the
rest
of
the
Menades
;
Virg.
in
Culice●●●ctha
taking
arms
against
Eumolpus
,
and
having
an
answer
from
the
Oracle
,
That
he
should
have
a
certain
victory
of
the
would
sacrifice
his
only
daughter
to
the
gods
:
by
the
persw●sion
of
his
wife
Pr●xitha
,
gave
her
up
to
slaughter
;
Euripides
apud
Plutarch
.
Elearchus
one
of
the
Kings
of
Creet
,
at
the
perswasion
of
his
second
wife
Phro●●ma
,
commanded
is
only
daughter
by
the
hand
of
one
Themisones
,
to
be
cast
into
the
river
,
and
there
drowned
,
Herodot
.
Polidice
betraied
her
father
King
Pletera
to
Crocon
King
of
Thebes
,
and
caused
him
to
be
slain
;
as
likewise
Ni●us
being
besieged
by
Minos
,
by
the
treason
of
his
daughter
,
lost
that
purple
hair
which
was
the
stay
of
his
sovereignty
,
Ovid
Metam
.
and
Servius
.
Tiphon
Aegyptius
,
as
Berosus
,
Seneca
,
Diodorus
,
and
other
relate
,
slew
his
brother
Osiris
,
then
reigning
in
Aegypt
,
and
governing
justly
;
which
done
,
he
caused
him
to
be
cut
in
twenty
six
pieces
,
and
to
every
one
of
the
conspirators
,
gave
a
part
,
the
better
to
secure
him
of
their
fidelities
:
but
Isis
their
sister
,
after
she
had
lamented
the
death
of
her
brother
Osiris
,
by
the
assistance
of
her
son
(
who
was
called
O●os
)
flew
Tiphon
,
and
avenged
his
death
.
Draomitia
was
a
Queen
of
Bohemia
,
she
caused
Ludimillia
(
much
devoted
to
Religion
)
to
be
slain
:
by
her
instigation
her
son
Boles●aus
was
the
murderer
of
his
brother
Wenceslaus
,
Volaterran
.
The
nymph
Lara
was
of
that
loquacity
,
that
raising
dissention
betwixt
Jupiter
and
Juno
,
by
telling
her
of
his
escapes
,
that
in
revenge
thereof
,
he
pluckt
out
her
tongue
.
Talantia
Spartana
having
intelligence
that
her
son
Pedaretes
tyrannized
over
the
men
of
Chius
,
writ
to
him
in
this
or
the
like
language
,
Or
govern
there
better
or
remain
there
,
if
thou
returnest
to
me
,
thou
art
not
safe
:
thus
admonishing
him
of
better
government
,
or
menacing
him
with
death
.
Damariana
was
a
woman
of
Sparta
,
and
with
her
own
hands
slew
her
son
,
because
she
found
him
of
a
timorous
condition
,
and
would
not
be
drawn
to
the
warres
.
Amastris
was
the
wife
of
Xerxes
,
and
did
prosecute
the
wife
of
Massissa
the
President
,
with
that
inhumane
and
barbarous
cruelty
,
that
having
first
slain
her
,
she
caused
her
breasts
to
be
cut
off
,
and
cast
unto
the
dogs
,
dismembring
her
of
her
Nose
,
Ears
,
Eies
,
Lips
,
and
Tongue
,
Ravis
.
Textor
.
Cisenis
,
the
daughter
of
Diogerides
King
of
Thrace
,
was
of
that
savage
inhumanitie
,
that
she
took
pleasure
to
see
living
men
dismembred
and
cut
in
pieces
,
causing
young
children
to
be
drest
,
after
commanding
them
to
be
served
in
to
their
parents
,
and
to
be
by
them
eaten
.
Solinus
.
Tullia
,
the
wife
of
Tarquinius
Superbus
,
she
caused
her
Chariot
to
be
drawn
over
the
face
of
her
dead
father
Servius
Tullius
,
presently
before
murthered
by
her
husband
in
the
Capitol
.
Livy
Irene
the
Empresse
was
wife
to
Leo
the
fourth
,
and
caused
her
own
son
Constantius
Sextus
to
be
first
cast
in
Prison
,
and
after
to
have
his
eies
digged
out
,
because
before
she
had
by
him
been
expelled
the
Empire
Fulvia
was
the
wife
of
Marcus
Antonius
:
and
how
the
excellentest
of
Orators
,
M.
Tulli●●s
,
being
dead
,
was
tyrannized
over
by
him
,
many
Authors
have
commended
to
posterity
;
whose
sacred
hands
and
head
being
cut
off
,
were
nailed
unto
that
Pulpit
,
where
he
had
often
most
learnedly
declaimed
.
His
head
was
first
brought
to
Anthony
,
which
he
caused
to
be
set
upon
a
table
,
and
scarce
in
a
whole
day
could
he
satiate
his
rancorous
malice
,
with
so
sad
and
pitifull
a
spectacle
;
but
at
length
(
as
Applanus
Alexandrinus
reports
)
he
commanded
it
to
be
took
thence
:
And
(
as
it
is
gathered
out
of
the
collections
of
Dion
,
Prusius
,
and
Suidas
)
when
Fulvia
,
the
wife
of
Antoninus
,
came
to
the
sight
of
it
,
she
took
it
in
her
hands
,
and
after
the
breathing
of
many
fearfull
maledictions
,
execrations
,
and
curses
against
it
,
spit
in
the
face
thereof
:
then
taking
it
into
her
lap
,
with
a
Bodkin
or
Penner
which
she
wore
in
her
hair
for
an
ornament
,
pricked
his
tongue
,
which
she
had
caused
violently
to
be
forced
out
of
his
jawes
,
lest
there
should
be
any
thing
wanting
that
might
add
to
an
undiscreet
womans
hate
,
and
inhumane
cruelty
.
This
murther
and
horrid
act
against
so
worthy
a
Senator
,
hath
been
deploted
by
many
,
as
well
in
Prose
,
as
in
Verse
;
as
Portius
Lacro
,
Albutius
Sylo
Caestius
Murrhedius
,
and
others
:
but
none
more
elegantly
then
Severius
Cornelius
,
in
these
Verses
of
his
,
which
we
have
by
tradition
from
Annaeus
Seneca
:
Oraque
magnanimum
spirantia
pene
virorum
In
rostris
facuere
sui
,
&c.
As
they
were
at
large
remembred
in
Crinitus
:
Euridice
the
wife
of
Amintas
King
of
Macedonia
,
who
had
by
him
three
sons
,
Alexander
,
Perdicas
,
and
Philip
,
father
to
Alexander
the
Great
;
as
likewise
a
daughter
,
called
Euryones
.
This
Euridice
not
only
polluted
the
bed
of
her
husband
,
but
sought
his
life
,
to
transfer
the
Principality
into
the
hand
of
the
adulterer
:
and
lest
her
daughter
should
discover
either
her
whoredome
or
treason
,
she
likewise
plotted
against
her
life
.
The
old
man
in
the
middest
of
these
dangers
died
,
leaving
the
Kingdome
to
his
eldest
son
Alexander
;
she
after
caused
him
to
be
slain
:
A
president
of
strange
and
unheard
of
cruelty
in
a
mother
.
Justin
.
Histor.
lib
7.
Spita●enes
(
a
puissant
Captaine
that
bad
long
opposed
Alexander
the
Great
in
many
battels
and
conflicts
,
with
his
competitor
Dahae
)
so
dearly
loved
his
fair
wife
,
that
he
drew
her
to
be
a
partner
with
him
in
his
wars
,
and
lodged
her
in
his
Tent
:
But
being
put
to
many
affrights
and
distresses
(
the
common
casualties
belonging
to
warre
)
shee
grew
so
tired
with
alarums
,
tumults
,
mutinies
,
affrights
,
slaughters
,
and
such
like
,
that
she
daily
importuned
him
(
being
before
only
used
to
feasts
,
banquets
,
and
effeminate
delicacies
)
to
submit
him
to
the
Macedonian
Conquerour
.
So
long
and
so
urgently
she
sollicited
him
to
peace
,
both
by
her
children
,
her
friends
,
and
her self
in
person
,
that
being
a
blunt
and
plain
souldier
,
traded
in
combustion
(
and
to
whom
the
very
thought
of
submission
was
more
odious
then
death
)
though
he
entirely
affected
her
,
yet
upon
a
time
he
advanced
his
hand
to
have
struck
her
,
and
had
done
it
,
had
not
his
brother
come
in
by
accident
,
and
supprest
his
incensed
futy
:
yet
he
concluded
,
That
if
ever
after
she
perswaded
him
to
peace
,
or
troubled
his
eares
with
that
base
word
of
submission
,
that
Hand
which
so
long
had
opposed
Alexander
(
all
Conjugall
amity
set
〈◊〉
)
should
be
her
sudden
and
assured
ruine
.
The
Lady
affrighted
with
the
name
of
death
,
thought
it
no
safety
to
interpose
so
●obustious
and
setled
a
constancy
,
especially
in
a
souldier
,
daily
and
hourly
enured
to
blood
and
〈…〉
,
therefore
considering
with
her self
what
was
best
to
be
done
;
in
meditating
for
her
own
safety
,
she
thought
it
better
by
yielding
,
to
conquer
,
then
by
contending
against
power
and
advantage
,
to
be
overcome
.
After
submission
therefore
made
,
and
a
new
reconcilement
established
betwixt
them
,
she
invited
him
to
a
banquet
in
her
Tent
(
which
was
furnished
with
all
the
dainties
the
Camp
would
yeeld
,
and
whatsoever
variety
remote
places
could
affo●●d
)
where
she
carried
her selfe
with
all
humility
and
obedience
.
At
this
feast
she
caused
him
to
be
plied
with
Healths
,
and
lavish
Cups
,
till
the
Wine
having
got
the
preheminence
of
his
better
●●nces
,
he
grew
drowsie
,
and
retired
himselfe
to
his
Pallat.
The
Tables
were
then
withdrawn
and
every
man
that
was
invited
,
repaired
either
to
his
charge
in
the
Army
,
or
to
his
rest
.
They
having
disposed
of
themselves
,
and
the
place
now
private
,
she
had
confederated
with
one
of
her
serv●nts
,
by
whose
assistance
,
she
in
his
depth
of
sleep
cut
off
the
head
of
her
husband
,
and
gave
it
to
him
.
This
done
(
having
the
Word
)
they
past
through
the
Watches
and
Guards
,
and
by
the
break
of
day
came
unto
the
Camp
of
Alexander
,
desiring
to
have
conference
with
him
about
affairs
which
concerned
him
neerly
.
The
Prince
understanding
it
was
a
woman
,
commanded
she
should
be
admitted
into
his
Tent
;
which
was
accordingly
done
,
and
she
appeared
before
him
all
stained
and
sprinkled
with
blood
(
for
she
had
not
yet
changed
her
habit
)
at
which
he
grew
so
amazed
,
demanding
the
cause
of
her
repair
thither
?
She
desired
her
servant
might
be
likewise
admitted
(
who
attended
〈◊〉
the
door
of
his
Tent
)
for
be
that
about
him
by
which
he
should
be
better
〈◊〉
.
His
entrance
was
granted
:
but
being
suspected
by
the
guard
(
because
they
perceived
him
hide
something
f●lded
up
in
his
garment
)
they
searched
him
,
and
found
a
head
cut
off
,
but
by
reason
of
the
palenesse
of
the
face
(
which
was
disfigured
with
the
clottered
and
congealed
blood
)
the
countenance
thereof
could
hardly
be
discerned
.
The
servant
was
brought
in
,
with
the
head
(
still
dropping
blood
)
in
his
hand
.
At
which
the
King
more
wondring
,
desired
by
her
to
be
better
satisfied
concerning
the
Novel
;
to
whom
she
boldly
replied
,
Lo
here
(
O
Alexander
)
the
end
of
thy
many
troubles
and
fears
,
the
head
of
the
great
Captain
Spitamenes
,
who
though
my
husband
,
yet
because
he
was
thine
enemy
,
I
have
caused
his
head
to
be
cut
off
and
here
present
it
unto
thee
.
At
the
horridnesse
of
these
words
,
the
King
,
with
all
that
stood
by
were
abashed
,
every
one
glad
of
the
thing
done
,
but
in
their
hearts
detesting
the
manner
of
the
deed
.
The
Lady
still
expecting
an
answer
Alexander
(
after
some
pause
)
thus
replied
▪
I
must
confesse
(
Lady
)
the
great
c●urtesie
and
infinite
benefit
received
from
you
,
in
presenting
me
the
head
of
an
out-Law
,
a
Traitor
,
and
one
that
was
to
me
a
great
obstacle
and
an
hinderance
in
the
smooth
passage
to
my
intended
victories
;
but
when
I
understand
it
to
be
done
by
the
hands
of
a
woman
,
nay
a
wife
,
the
strange
horridnesse
of
the
fact
t●kes
away
all
the
thanks
and
reward
due
to
the
benefit
I
therefore
command
you
instantly
to
depart
the
Camp
,
and
that
with
all
speed
possible
;
for
I
would
not
have
the
savage
and
inhumane
examples
of
the
Barbarians
,
contaminate
and
infect
the
mild
and
sort
temper
of
the
noble
Grecians
:
With
which
words
she
was
instantly
hurried
from
his
presence
.
As
noble
a
president
of
Justice
in
a
Prince
,
as
it
was
an
abhorred
example
of
cruelty
in
a
most
unnaturall
wife
.
Q.
Curt.
lib.
8.
de
Alexandri
H●stor
.
From
a
remorselesse
wife
,
I
come
now
to
as
obdurate
a
stepmother
.
Pelops
having
married
Hyppodamia
,
the
daughter
of
Tanta●us
and
Eurianassa
,
had
by
her
two
sons
,
Thiestes
and
Atreus
,
and
by
the
nymph
Danais
a
third
son
called
Crisippus
,
to
which
he
seemed
outwardly
better
affected
then
to
the
former
;
on
whom
King
Laius
of
Thebes
casting
an
amorous
eye
,
at
length
stole
him
from
his
father
.
But
Pelops
with
his
two
sons
by
Hyppodamia
,
made
war
upon
Laius
,
took
him
prisoner
,
and
recovered
Crisippus
:
and
when
he
truly
understood
that
love
was
the
cause
of
his
rape
,
he
was
attoned
with
Laius
,
and
an
inviolable
league
of
amity
combined
betwixt
them
.
Whilst
the
Theban
yet
sojourned
with
Pelops
,
Hyppodamia
perswaded
with
Atreus
and
Thiesles
to
conspire
against
the
life
of
Crisippus
,
as
one
that
aimed
at
the
succession
of
the
Kingdome
:
but
not
prevailing
,
she
meditated
with
her selfe
,
how
to
despoile
him
of
life
with
her
own
hands
,
when
having
conveied
the
sword
of
Laius
out
of
his
chamber
,
when
he
was
fast
sleeping
she
came
to
the
bed
of
Crisippus
,
and
transpierced
him
as
he
lay
,
leaving
the
sword
still
in
his
body
,
and
left
the
place
still
undiscovered
,
accusing
the
Theban
for
his
death
:
but
the
youth
not
fully
dead
,
recovered
so
much
spirit
as
to
discover
the
murtheresse
;
for
which
,
King
Laius
was
acquitted
,
and
she
from
her
husband
received
condign
punishment
for
her
imm●nity
and
murther
,
Dosythaeus
in
Peloped●s
.
Progne
,
to
revenge
the
rape
of
her
sister
Philomela
upon
her
husband
Ter●us
,
King
of
Thrace
,
feasted
him
with
the
body
of
his
own
son
,
Ilis
;
of
which
,
you
may
read
at
large
in
Ovid's
,
Metamorphosis
.
Some
women
have
been
so
unnaturall
,
as
to
betray
their
fathers
.
After
Troy
was
utterly
subverted
and
despoiled
,
King
Diomede
,
(
one
of
the
most
valiant
amongst
the
Kings
of
Greece
)
in
the
return
towards
his
Country
,
being
by
storms
and
tempests
violently
cast
upon
the
coast
of
Thrace
,
where
Lycas
the
son
of
Mars
〈◊〉
reigned
and
according
to
the
bloody
custome
of
the
Country
,
sacrificed
all
such
strangers
as
landed
upon
his
Continent
;
his
daughter
Callirhoe
surprised
with
the
love
of
King
Diomede
,
not
only
released
him
from
durance
,
but
betraied
the
life
of
Lycus
her
father
into
into
his
hands
;
notwithstanding●●ne
most
●●e●cherously
left
her
:
for
which
ingratitude
(
and
urged
with
remorse
of
conscience
,
for
proving
so
unnaturall
to
him
from
whom
she
had
her
being
)
by
strangling
her selfe
,
she
despairingly
expired
Juba
,
lib.
3.
Libicorum
.
Paralleld
with
this
,
is
that
which
we
read
of
Calph●nius
,
Crassus
,
an
illustrious
Roman
,
and
sent
by
M.
Regulus
against
the
Massilians
,
to
take
in
a
most
defensible
Castle
called
Garaetium
:
but
by
the
crosse
disaster
of
fortune
being
surprized
in
the
siege
thereof
,
and
reserved
the
next
day
to
be
sacrificed
to
Saturn
,
being
in
despair
either
of
rescue
,
or
life
▪
Besa●ia
daughter
to
the
King
(
who
was
then
possest
of
the
Fort
)
falling
in
love
with
Calphurnius
,
not
only
delivered
up
unto
him
the
Keies
of
the
Castle
,
that
he
might
freely
escape
with
life
,
but
betraied
unto
him
the
liberty
and
life
of
her
father
:
but
after
being
degenerately
forsaken
by
him
,
she
desperately
slew
herself
,
Hegesinax
,
lib.
3.
rerum
Africarum
.
I
am
weary
with
setting
down
these
immauities
in
women
,
and
Polyhymnia
invites
me
to
a
new
argument
.
Of
Women
strangely
preserved
from
death
,
and
such
as
haue
unwillingly
been
the
death
of
their
fathers
.
NIceas
Maleotes
(
as
Plutarch
in
his
thirteenth
Parallel
testates
)
reports
,
that
when
Hercules
for
the
love
of
I●le
the
daughter
of
Cacus
,
invaded
Occhalia
,
and
she
abhorring
the
embraces
of
him
who
had
before
slain
her
father
,
retired
her selfe
for
safety
into
the
strongest
Cittadell
in
her
Country
;
in
which
being
straightely
besieged
by
Hercules
,
and
the
Fort
ready
to
be
surprized
and
taken
,
she
having
no
way
to
escape
,
and
unwilling
to
stand
to
the
mercy
of
so
loving
an
enemy
,
mounted
up
into
the
highest
Tur●et
of
the
Castle
,
and
from
thence
cast
her selfe
headlong
down
towards
the
Earth
,
but
the
wind
gathering
under
her
loose
garments
so
extenuated
the
fall
,
that
she
came
the
ground
without
any
hurt
at
all
;
by
which
miraculous
fortune
she
enjoied
a
desperate
life
,
and
Hercules
a
most
desired
mistresse
.
Answerable
to
this
,
is
that
which
Theophilus
Italicorum
tertio
relates
:
The
Romans
in
the
Etrurian
war
,
instituted
Valerius
Torquatus
Generall
of
their
forces
,
he
having
beheld
Clusia
the
daughter
of
the
Tusoan
King
,
grew
enamoured
of
the
Virgin
,
and
sent
Embassadors
to
demand
her
of
her
father
:
but
she
not
willing
to
make
any
contract
with
her
Countries
enemy
,
and
her
father
as
loth
to
contradict
his
daughter
,
the
motion
and
offer
of
Torquatus
,
was
peremptorily
denied
;
at
which
inraged
,
he
begitt
the
City
with
a
strong
and
fearful
siege
,
ingaging
the
defendants
to
all
dangers
and
difficulties
,
insomuch
,
that
Clusia
timorous
of
surprisall
,
and
p●●ferring
death
before
captivity
,
threw
her selfe
from
the
highest
part
of
the
wall
,
to
destroy
her selfe
in
the
open
view
and
face
of
the
enemy
▪
but
either
(
as
the
former
late
mentioned
)
favoured
by
the
winds
,
or
(
as
my
Author
tels
me
)
greatly
supported
by
the
hand
of
Venus
;
or
whether
the
pitious
earth
unwilling
to
hurt
or
harm
such
fair
and
wel-featured
limbs
,
and
therefore
with
more
then
accustomed
courtesie
,
favourably
received
her
into
her
into
her
lap
,
I
am
not
certaine
,
but
the
Lady
(
to
the
wonder
of
all
the
beholders
)
was
taken
up
whole
and
sound
,
without
wound
,
or
the
least
astonishment
,
and
from
thence
conducted
to
the
Tent
of
the
Generall
,
who
because
he
made
but
offer
to
violate
her
chastity
,
the
ever
nobly
minded
Romans
,
not
only
took
from
him
the
charge
of
the
Army
(
alledging
that
he
that
could
not
govern
his
own
affections
,
was
not
fit
to
command
others
)
but
confined
him
into
the
Island
Co●sica
adjacent
,
neer
to
the
continent
of
Italy
.
Not
much
lesse
strange
was
that
of
Perhibaea
,
the
daughter
of
Accathous
,
who
when
Telamon
the
son
of
Aeacus
and
Eudeides
,
came
into
the
City
of
〈◊〉
,
where
she
then
〈◊〉
with
her
father
,
and
took
her
at
that
advantage
,
that
she
was
by
him
devi●gined
and
〈◊〉
his
name
or
person
not
being
known
by
her
o●
any
,
and
so
privily
escaped
and
fled
away
by
night
.
〈◊〉
after
perceiving
her
by
assured
tokens
to
be
grown
big
with
child
,
and
suspecting
it
to
be
done
by
some
one
of
his
Citizens
or
Subjects
,
he
was
thereat
so
incensed
,
that
banishing
all
piety
or
patenall
pity
,
he
delivered
her
into
the
hands
of
one
of
his
Captains
,
commanding
him
either
to
kil
her
with
his
sword
,
or
cast
her
into
the
sea
:
the
souldier
undertakes
the
imposition
of
his
Soveraign
upon
him
,
with
many
vowes
and
protestations
to
perform
his
pleasure
with
all
strictness
and
severity
;
but
by
the
way
comm●●●●ting
her
wretched
fortune
,
and
loth
to
be
the
〈◊〉
of
such
youth
and
beauty
,
created
for
better
use
:
comming
neer
the
Sea-shore
,
and
spying
a
ship
there
at
Anchor
,
he
sold
her
to
the
chief
merchant
for
a
sum
of
monie
,
returning
to
the
father
with
an
assured
relation
of
his
daughters
death
▪
The
〈◊〉
presently
with
this
fair
purchase
hoised
saile
,
and
a
〈◊〉
and
gentle
gale
favouring
them
,
they
attained
unto
the
Port
of
Salamine
,
and
there
harboured
,
where
purposing
to
make
sale
of
their
merchandise
,
they
exposed
them
to
the
publique
view
,
amongst
the
rest
they
set
a
price
on
the
Princesse
Perhibaea
.
T●lamon
who
was
Duke
of
Salamine
,
and
then
resiant
in
the
City
,
took
his
attendants
with
him
,
and
hearing
of
this
new
Merchant
,
went
down
to
the
〈◊〉
to
take
the
first
view
of
his
goods
,
and
provide
himselfe
of
such
things
as
he
wanted
;
amongst
all
,
the
fair
Perhibaea
pleased
him
best
,
whose
face
he
well
knew
,
and
still
remembred
what
had
past
betwixt
them
:
he
bargained
for
her
,
paid
down
her
price
,
conducted
her
to
his
Pallace
,
and
there
acquainted
her
with
the
true
passage
of
all
his
former
proceedings
.
Within
few
months
she
brought
him
a
son
which
he
called
Ajax
:
and
this
was
that
Ajax
Telamon
,
who
at
the
siege
of
Troy
betwixt
the
two
armies
combatted
with
bold
Hector
,
in
the
plain
of
Scamander
:
you
shall
read
this
History
in
Aretades
Guidius
,
in
his
second
book
inscribed
Insul●
.
The
next
that
insues
,
hath
correspondence
with
this
.
Lucius
Trocius
had
a
beautifull
young
daughter
called
Florentia
,
she
was
stuprated
by
the
Roman
Calphurnius
,
and
when
the
act
came
to
the
knowledge
of
her
father
,
delivered
to
the
trusty
executioner
to
be
cast
into
the
Sea
;
who
in
the
same
manner
was
by
him
pitied
and
sold
to
a
Merchant
,
his
ship
being
then
bound
for
Italy
,
where
she
being
exposed
to
publique
sale
,
was
seen
,
known
,
and
bought
by
Calphurnius
,
by
whom
he
had
a
son
called
Contruscus
.
I
proceed
to
such
as
have
unwittingly
been
the
death
of
their
parents
.
Evenus
,
the
son
of
Mars
and
Steropes
,
by
his
wife
Alcippa
the
daughter
of
O●nnemanus
,
had
a
beautifull
female
issue
,
whom
he
called
Marpissa
,
who
had
vowed
perpetuall
virginity
;
her
,
Idas
the
son
or
Aphareus
ravished
and
stole
away
,
which
her
father
hearing
,
prosecuted
him
even
unto
his
own
Country
,
but
in
vain
,
for
not
able
to
overtake
them
,
and
returning
without
her
,
in
griefe
of
his
lost
daughter
whom
he
so
deerly
loved
,
he
threw
himselfe
into
the
river
Lycormus
,
and
was
there
drowned
;
some
think
that
by
his
death
the
stood
lost
his
name
,
and
was
ever
after
celled
Evenus
;
D●sithae
lib
1.
rerum
Italicarum
.
Anius
King
of
the
Etruscious
,
having
a
rarely
featured
damosell
to
his
daughter
,
called
Salia
,
whose
virginity
he
had
vowed
to
Diana
,
and
therefore
admitted
no
suitors
,
though
many
great
and
rich
offers
made
unto
her
:
at
length
,
as
she
was
spotting
abroad
amongst
other
Virgins
she
was
espied
by
one
Calthetas
,
a
hopefull
young
Gentleman
,
and
●●nobled
by
his
family
,
who
at
the
st●st
sight
of
her
was
so
extasi'd
with
her
beauty
,
that
maugre
all
tear
of
pursuit
or
danger
,
he
snatcht
her
up
in
his
arms
,
and
used
such
means
,
that
he
got
her
safe
within
the
wals
of
Rome
.
Her
father
following
the
ravisher
,
but
not
overtaking
him
,
was
struck
into
such
a
deep
sorrow
,
that
desperate
of
all
comfort
or
counsel
,
he
violently
cast
himselfe
into
the
next
Foord
that
parted
Rome
and
his
own
Kingdome
,
which
ever
since
that
time
still
bears
the
name
of
Anius
.
Calihetus
had
by
Salia
two
brave
sons
,
Latinus
and
Salinus
,
who
were
famous
in
their
noble
and
flourishing
issue
,
insomuch
,
that
some
of
the
best
and
greatest
Families
in
Rome
,
were
proud
from
them
to
derive
their
ancestrie
.
This
history
is
recorded
by
Aristides
Milesius
,
by
Alexander
and
Polihistor
,
lib.
tertio
Italicorum
.
Of
Clamorous
Women
commonly
called
Scolds
.
GNeius
Pompeius
to
make
his
faction
the
stronger
,
by
his
friend
Munatius
sent
to
Cato
,
that
he
would
be
pleased
,
of
his
two
Neeces
to
contract
the
one
of
them
to
himselfe
,
the
other
to
his
son
:
by
whom
Cato
sent
word
back
to
Pompeius
,
That
though
he
as
a
friend
took
gratefully
the
free
proffer
of
his
friendship
and
allyance
,
yet
being
a
man
,
he
had
ever
kept
himselfe
from
being
intricated
in
the
snares
of
women
;
but
he
protested
he
would
adhere
unto
him
in
a
more
firm
league
of
amity
,
than
could
be
contracted
by
kindred
,
if
he
would
study
any
thing
conducent
and
profitable
for
the
Common-weal
,
but
against
the
publique
good
he
would
neither
give
nor
take
hostages
;
calling
his
Neeces
(
who
as
some
write
were
his
daughters
,
given
so
in
matrimony
)
no
better
then
pledges
,
of
much
future
inconvenience
,
especially
in
matters
of
State
,
where
the
Common-weal
is
distracted
and
divided
.
Eras
.
5.
Apophtheg
.
Socrates
was
wont
to
say
,
that
he
had
patiently
suffered
three
torments
,
Grammer
,
Poverty
,
and
a
scolding
Wife
,
Xintippe
,
two
of
which
he
had
prettily
well
evaded
,
namely
,
Grammer
and
Poverty
,
but
the
morosity
of
a
scold
he
could
never
put
off
.
Anton.
Parle
.
2.
Meless
.
Serm.
34.
The
like
may
be
said
of
Sausarion
the
Comick
Poet
,
equally
tormented
with
a
bitter
and
railing
wife
.
Pittacus
Mitelenus
having
married
the
sister
of
D●aco
the
son
of
Penthilius
,
a
proud
,
insolent
and
railing
woman
,
perswaded
a
deer
friend
of
his
to
marry
with
the
other
sister
,
for
if
he
were
never
so
much
given
to
wrath
and
anger
,
she
would
teach
him
sufferance
and
patience
.
Laertius
when
Georgias
the
Sophist
at
the
solemnity
of
the
Olympick
games
,
had
made
an
elaborate
Oration
concerning
concord
,
and
to
perswade
men
to
uninity
:
one
M●lanthius
in
the
conclusion
or
catastrophe
thereof
spake
aloud
,
This
man
perswades
all
Greece
to
peace
,
who
having
but
one
wife
,
and
three
maids
at
home
,
yet
his
house
is
never
without
clamour
and
dissention
,
and
with
all
his
smooth
filed
phrases
cannot
make
his
own
peace
,
Eras
.
6.
Apophtheg
.
Mar.
Pacuvius
upon
a
time
said
(
weeping
)
to
his
familiar
friend
and
neighbor
Actius
(
alias
)
Arius
,
Deer
friend
(
saith
he
)
I
have
a
tree
in
my
garden
,
in
my
mind
the
most
prodigious
and
unhappy
that
ever
the
earth
produced
,
or
gave
sap
unto
,
for
upon
that
my
first
wife
hanged
her selfe
,
and
after
that
the
second
,
and
now
but
this
morning
my
third
and
last
;
to
whom
Arius
his
neighbour
replied
,
I
wonder
you
being
a
learned
man
and
approved
for
your
wisdome
,
should
be
any
way
grieved
at
these
successes
and
chances
.
D●i
boni
(
inquit
)
quot
tibi
dispendia
arbor
iste
suspendit
?
i.
Oh
you
gods
,
how
many
of
thy
dammages
and
losses
hast
thou
hanged
upon
that
tree
;
and
proceeded
thus
,
Deer
friend
give
me
some
of
those
grafts
and
syents
,
that
I
may
plant
them
in
my
Orchard
or
garden
.
Valerius
records
this
in
an
Epistle
to
Rufinus
.
As
also
Cicero
reports
the
like
of
a
Cicilian
,
in
2
de
Orat.
and
Gyraldus
Dial.
8.
Poetarum
.
Even
Cato
Ceasortus
could
not
escape
a
brawling
and
crabbed
wi●e
,
though
he
married
her
from
an
ignoble
stock
and
family
.
Guid
Bitturn
saith
,
That
Hadrianus
had
a
wife
called
Sabina
,
hard
,
perverse
,
untoward
,
rude
in
her
behaviour
towards
her
husband
,
and
worthy
to
be
repudiated
,
and
her
bed
and
society
abandoned
.
Alphonsus
King
of
Naples
,
demanding
of
one
Antonius
Panormita
,
What
noble
Neapolitan
Gentlemen
were
delighted
in
Hunting
,
or
whether
any
late
Writer
had
published
any
Treatise
,
concerning
the
goodnesse
and
excellency
of
dogs
?
To
whom
Panormit●
.
answered
,
I
beseech
thee
(
O
King
)
rather
ask
this
Knight
(
pointing
to
one
that
was
then
in
presence
)
who
can
better
resolve
you
,
who
for
the
space
of
forty
years
hath
been
continually
so
conservant
amongst
such
creatures
,
that
every
night
he
beddeth
with
a
Canicula
(
which
word
as
it
signifieth
a
B●ach
or
Bitch
,
so
it
is
taken
for
a
detractor
or
snarling
slanderer
,
as
also
for
a
Dog-fish
:
)
and
proceeded
,
Therefore
he
(
O
King
)
can
best
describe
unto
you
their
natures
and
conditions
.
This
Knight
of
Naples
(
whose
name
for
his
honors
sake
is
concealed
)
only
smiled
at
the
taunt
given
by
Antonius
,
well
apprehending
that
by
Canicula
he
intended
his
wife
;
a
woman
barkingly
clamorous
,
most
contentious
and
bitter
,
Pontanus
.
Gregorius
Hamburgensis
,
a
famous
ond
eloquent
Lawyer
(
amongst
all
the
German
practisers
the
most
approved
)
when
all
his
busie
imploiments
were
ended
in
the
Court
of
Caesar
,
where
he
was
staied
some
two
months
,
or
thereabouts
;
and
(
as
we
say
in
our
English
phrase
)
the
Terme
being
,
and
he
returning
home
to
his
own
house
,
not
far
from
the
Town
of
Nurimburgh
(
where
he
then
dwelled
)
he
met
with
a
friend
and
neighbour
,
who
after
some
familiar
salutes
past
betwixt
them
,
told
him
,
That
his
wife
was
living
,
and
in
good
health
at
home
to
whom
shaking
his
head
,
he
made
this
short
reply
,
〈◊〉
vivit
,
saneob●●
,
〈◊〉
If
my
wife
be
living
,
then
am
I
but
dead
,
thereby
intimating
,
that
the
mo●osity
of
a
c●rst
wife
is
no
better
then
a
daily
death
to
her
husband
,
Aeneas
〈…〉
.
reb
.
Gestis
Alphons●●
Thisponius
the
〈…〉
of
the
learned
Councel
to
King
Alphonsus
,
having
at
one
time
three
hundred
pieces
of
Gold
stoln
from
〈◊〉
which
was
part
of
the
Dower
of
a
perverse
and
peevish
〈◊〉
whom
he
had
lately
married
,
for
which
being
wondrous
〈◊〉
and
pensive
in
the
presence
of
the
King
,
Alpho●sus
looking
upon
him
,
and
seeming
to
commiserate
his
sadnesse
,
broke
out
into
these
terms
,
O
how
happy
a
man
were
Thisponius
,
if
the
theeves
had
stolne
away
his
wife
,
and
left
the
Gold
behind
them
P●normita
,
lib
1
de
Gestis
Alphons
.
Euripides
,
the
most
excellent
of
th●
Greek
Tragick
Poets
,
had
two
wives
;
the
name
of
the
first
was
Cher●le
,
or
(
as
S●●das
cals
her
)
Chaerin●
,
the
daughter
of
M●n●sil●chus
,
by
whom
he
had
three
sons
,
M●●siloches
,
the
Actor
or
Stage-plaier
,
Mnesarchides
the
Merchant
,
and
the
third
,
Eu●●pides
the
Orator
:
yet
partly
for
suspition
of
adultery
,
and
by
reason
he
led
with
her
an
unquiet
life
,
after
so
hopeful
an
issue
,
she
was
divorced
from
him
.
After
this
separation
,
he
married
another
called
Melitto
,
who
being
apprehended
in
adultery
with
Ctesiphon
the
Plaier
,
he
was
so
branded
for
a
Cuckold
,
and
so
taunted
and
jeasted
at
by
the
Comick
Poets
in
the
publique
Theater
,
that
he
was
forced
to
leave
the
City
,
and
to
remove
himselfe
into
Macedonia
,
where
he
spent
the
remainder
of
his
life
in
the
Court
of
King
Archelaus
,
Gel.
lib.
15.
cap.
20.
Athenaeus
,
lib.
13.
Arnus
,
Tarquinius
,
and
Tull●a
,
lived
together
in
perpetuall
discord
and
dissention
,
by
reason
of
her
unto
〈◊〉
and
crabbed
condition
.
Adrianus
B●rl●ndus
tels
us
of
an
Inne
keeper
or
Host
(
a
pleasant
and
trolick
fellow
)
who
when
a
guest
of
his
complained
unto
him
,
that
he
●ould
not
endure
such
noise
and
clamour
,
for
his
wives
tongue
never
ceased
walking
,
finding
fault
with
this
thin●
,
then
that
;
besides
,
there
was
no
cessation
of
her
perpetuall
brawling
and
chiding
with
her
maids
and
servants
.
To
whom
the
merry
Host
replied
,
And
I
pray
(
my
friend
)
is
this
a
just
cause
for
your
impatience
,
or
discontent
?
What
do
you
think
of
me
then
,
that
for
two
and
thirty
yeers
space
have
had
this
noise
and
clamour
continually
in
mine
ea●s
,
night
and
day
,
without
ceasing
,
and
yet
you
see
with
what
sufferance
I
bear
it
;
and
cannot
you
endure
it
for
the
space
of
a
few
minutes
?
By
which
words
he
not
only
gave
present
satisfaction
to
his
guest
,
but
converted
his
wives
anger
into
laughter
.
Servius
Tullius
,
King
of
the
Romans
,
conferr'd
upon
his
two
daughters
upon
the
two
Tarquins
,
Aruns
and
Superbus
:
of
severall
dispositions
were
the
men
,
and
of
sundry
conditions
the
women
;
as
they
were
opposite
in
humour
,
they
were
as
unfitly
disposed
.
To
Aruns
(
a
man
of
a
quiet
and
●●ld
temper
)
Tullia
(
Lady
〈◊〉
and
daring
)
was
given
:
on
Superbus
(
a
Prince
haughty
and
insol●n●
)
the
other
(
being
a
modest
and
●eek
Lady
)
was
bestowed
.
Disparity
of
minds
,
could
not
brook
the
inequality
of
manners
:
Therefore
bold
and
bloody
Tullia
,
poisons
her
faire
and
gentle
conditioned
Aruns
;
the
other
modest
and
mild-tempered
sister
is
made
away
by
the
proud
and
ambitious
Superbus
:
the
best
are
lost
,
the
worst
left
They
two
contract
an
incestuous
Marriage
,
Pride
with
Cruelty
,
and
Immanity
with
Ambition
;
Murther
is
the
ground
o●
cause
,
and
Treason
and
Usurpation
the
prodigious
effect
:
she
complots
the
death
of
her
own
naturall
father
;
and
he
,
the
ruine
of
his
liege
,
Lord
,
and
Sovereign
:
she
a
Par●icide
,
he
a
R●gicide
.
The
King
is
betwixt
them
slain
,
over
whose
dead
body
she
caused
her
Chariot
to
be
drawn
.
Her
cheeks
blushed
not
,
when
the
wheels
of
her
Waggon
were
stained
with
her
fathers
blood
.
And
so
much
to
give
Tullia
a
short
character
,
the
most
insolent
of
Wives
,
and
the
worst
of
Daughters
.
Of
a
lower
voice
,
softer
spirit
,
and
more
temperate
condition
,
were
these
wives
following
.
Chilonia
the
wife
of
Cleombrotus
,
King
of
Sparta
,
and
daughter
of
Leonides
,
who
had
before
soverainised
,
when
in
those
civil
combustions
the
●on
in
law
had
expulsed
the
father
,
and
compelled
him
into
exile
she
never
ceased
to
importune
her
hnsband
,
till
she
had
called
him
home
from
banishment
,
But
in
processe
of
time
,
when
Fortune
had
turned
her
wheel
,
and
Leo●ides
in
those
dissentions
(
having
got
the
better
)
had
confined
Cleombrotus
,
she
was
an
hourly
intercessor
for
the
repeal
of
her
husband
;
but
finding
her
father
to
be
obdure
,
and
her
〈◊〉
by
him
not
listned
to
,
though
she
might
in
all
pleasure
and
●ase
have
happily
spent
her
age
in
her
own
City
with
her
father
,
she
rather
made
choise
to
be
a
faithfu●l
companion
in
all
distresses
with
her
husband
,
Fulgos
lib.
6.
cap.
7.
Anaxandr●des
,
the
son
of
Leontias
,
married
with
his
sisters
daughter
,
whom
he
exceedingly
loved
,
but
because
she
was
〈◊〉
and
that
by
her
he
had
no
issue
,
the
Ephori
made
suit
unto
him
to
be
divorced
from
her
,
and
would
have
compelled
him
unto
it
:
but
when
he
had
absolutely
denied
to
condescend
with
them
in
that
point
,
they
made
another
request
unto
him
,
That
he
would
take
unto
him
another
wife
more
fruitfull
,
lest
the
most
fortunate
issue
of
Euristaeus
might
in
him
be
extingished
.
He
therefore
at
their
intreaties
took
to
him
a
second
wife
,
namely
Perinetades
,
the
daughter
of
Demarmenus
,
and
so
brought
her
home
to
his
house
;
where
(
which
is
strange
)
the
two
women
lived
together
peaceably
,
without
emulation
or
envy
.
His
last
wife
brought
him
a
son
,
whom
he
called
Cleomenes
:
and
not
long
after
,
his
first
wife
(
before
barren
)
made
him
the
fortunate
father
of
three
sons
;
the
first
Dorieus
;
the
second
,
Leonides
;
the
third
Cleombrotus
:
but
Cleomenes
(
the
eldest
by
the
second
wife
)
succeeded
in
the
sovereignty
,
Herodot
.
lib.
5.
Thesca
,
the
sister
of
Dionysius
,
being
married
to
Polixenus
,
who
having
entred
into
a
conjuration
with
other
noble
Gentlemen
,
to
supplant
the
Tyrant
,
but
fearing
discovery
fled
for
his
best
safety
:
Upon
whose
flight
,
Dionysius
cals
his
sister
into
question
,
as
one
that
must
of
necessity
be
privy
to
his
escape
.
To
whom
she
boldly
thus
answered
:
Thinkest
thou
(
O
Dionysius
)
thy
sister
to
be
a
woman
of
that
servile
and
degnerate
condition
,
that
had
she
known
the
least
purpose
of
his
retirement
,
she
would
not
have
made
her selfe
a
companion
in
all
his
Navigations
and
Travel
?
Erasm
.
Apophtheg
.
lib.
5.
Caius
Caligula
the
Emperor
,
having
found
Herod
(
the
husband
to
Herodias
)
Tetrarch
of
Galilee
,
engaged
in
a
revolt
from
the
Empire
,
with
Artabanus
King
of
the
Parthians
,
amerced
him
in
a
great
sum
of
monie
for
that
defect
;
and
till
it
was
levied
and
paied
into
the
Treasury
,
gave
him
in
custody
to
King
Agrippa
,
whom
he
had
found
loiall
unto
him
,
and
in
whose
fidelity
he
much
trusted
.
He
after
banished
Herod
into
a
Lyons
(
a
City
of
France
)
with
an
irrevocable
doom
of
exile
imposed
upon
him
:
but
understanding
Herodias
to
be
sister
to
the
wife
of
Agrippa
(
whom
he
much
favoured
)
out
of
Herods
mulct
,
or
sine
,
he
proportioned
her
a
large
Dower
,
reserved
in
the
hands
of
Agrippa
to
her
use
,
as
not
dreaming
she
would
have
been
a
companion
with
him
in
his
confinement
,
To
which
extraordinary
grace
from
the
Emperor
she
thus
replied
:
You
(
O
Emperor
)
as
best
becomes
your
Majesty
,
speak
like
a
roiall
and
munificent
Prince
,
but
the
Conjugal
Bond
of
Love
and
Piety
,
in
which
I
am
tied
to
a
husband
,
is
to
me
an
impediment
,
that
I
am
not
capable
of
this
great
Largesse
,
and
unmerited
bounty
.
Unmeet
it
is
,
that
I
(
who
have
been
a
partaker
with
him
in
all
his
prosperous
and
flourishing
fortunes
)
should
now
forsake
him
,
and
not
be
a
companion
with
him
in
the
worst
that
disaster
or
adversity
can
inflict
.
This
noble
answer
Caeligula
took
in
such
scorn
and
high
displeasure
,
to
see
himself
in
magnanimity
and
greatnesse
of
spirit
to
be
exceeded
by
a
woman
,
that
he
banished
her
with
her
husband
Herod
;
and
the
bounty
(
before
bestowed
on
her
)
he
conferred
upon
her
brother
in
law
,
Agrippa
,
Joseph
.
in
Antiq.
Cleomenes
,
the
son
of
Anaxandrides
and
Perinetades
(
but
lately
spoken
of
)
being
expulsed
from
Sparta
by
Antigonus
,
King
of
Macedonia
,
fled
for
refuge
to
Ptolomeus
,
King
of
Aegypt
:
whither
his
wife
would
have
followed
him
,
but
disswaded
by
her
parents
(
notwithstanding
a
strict
gard
was
set
over
her
)
yet
in
the
night
she
beguiled
her
keepers
;
and
having
provided
a
horse
for
the
purpose
,
posted
with
all
possible
speed
to
the
next
Port
Town
,
that
was
least
suspected
;
where
hiring
a
ship
,
with
all
the
Coin
and
Jewels
then
about
her
,
she
sailed
into
Aegypt
,
and
there
spent
the
remainder
of
her
daies
with
him
in
his
uncomfortable
exile
,
Fulgos
.
lib.
6.
cap.
7.
I
have
but
one
more
(
gentle
Reader
)
to
trouble
thy
patience
with
at
this
present
.
Blanca
Rubea
Patavina
,
the
wife
of
Baptista
a
Porta
,
betaking
her selfe
into
the
same
free
priviledged
Town
,
of
which
Bassianus
was
then
governor
,
and
whither
her
husband
for
his
safety
was
retired
in
the
year
of
our
Redemption
,
1253.
when
Acciolinus
the
Tyrant
having
lost
Padua
,
when
bending
all
his
forces
to
the
surprisall
of
Bassianus
,
compassing
that
at
length
by
fraud
and
stratagem
,
which
by
opposition
and
violence
he
could
never
have
accomplished
;
in
the
entring
of
which
Town
Baptista
was
slain
,
and
Blanca
Rubea
being
armed
,
and
fighting
boldly
by
his
side
till
she
saw
him
fall
,
was
(
notwithstanding
her
masculine
valour
)
taken
prisoner
by
a
souldier
,
and
presented
to
the
Tyrant
;
who
gazing
on
her
rare
feature
(
much
more
beautified
by
the
rich
armor
she
then
had
on
)
grew
exceedingly
enamoured
on
this
manly
Virago
,
and
first
with
fair
enticing
blandishments
he
courted
her
love
,
but
finding
no
possibility
to
satiate
his
libidinous
affections
that
way
,
where
fair
means
failed
,
he
purposed
force
:
which
to
avoid
,
and
to
prevent
the
dishonour
intended
her
,
she
cast
her self
out
from
an
high
Bay-window
,
two-stories
from
the
gronnd
;
where
being
taken
up
half
dead
,
with
much
difficulty
she
was
recovered
▪
No
sooner
was
she
wel
able
to
walk
,
but
the
Tyrant
still
prosecuted
his
beastly
and
bruitish
desires
;
which
she
still
opposing
,
with
that
small
strength
he
had
his
left
,
he
caused
his
servants
to
bind
her
according
to
lustfull
direction
,
and
not
able
to
stir
hand
nor
〈◊〉
,
in
that
horrible
manner
ravished
her
.
At
length
being
loosed
from
those
hatefull
and
unsufferable
bonds
,
she
(
with
what
patience
she
could
)
dissembled
her
griefe
,
and
wrought
so
far
with
some
that
compassioned
her
miseries
,
that
she
had
liberty
to
visit
her
dead
husband
in
his
Tomb
,
into
which
with
loud
shrieks
and
passionate
lamentation
)
she
entred
,
still
invoking
her
husbands
name
,
and
with
all
the
force
she
had
,
plucked
the
great
and
ponderous
Tomb-stone
upon
her
,
the
weight
whereof
forced
the
breath
out
of
her
bosome
.
And
by
this
means
she
purchased
the
honourable
name
of
a
most
chast
wife
,
at
which
her
life
still
aimed
;
and
a
common
grave
with
her
husband
,
which
even
in
death
she
most
desired
:
one
stone
being
the
cover
to
both
their
Hearses
.
Bernard
.
Scardeonus
,
lib.
3.
H●stor
.
Patavin●
.
Variety
of
discourse
concerning
Women
.
APollo
,
or
the
Sun
,
is
said
to
have
five
Daughters
,
which
by
their
names
appeare
to
be
no
other
then
the
five
Sences
:
The
first
is
called
Pasiphae
,
or
Sight
,
of
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
,
i.
Omnibus
apparens
,
●
.
Visible
to
all
;
for
the
Sight
is
a
Sence
that
hath
inspection
into
all
the
rest
:
for
the
eie
sees
him
that
cals
,
or
clamours
,
beholds
him
that
feels
,
observes
those
that
taste
,
and
intend
such
as
smel
.
The
Suns
second
Daughter
,
is
Medea
,
or
Hearing
,
of
the
Greek
word
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
,
i.
Nullam
visionem
.
The
the
third
,
Phaedra
,
or
Odoratus
,
of
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
,
Afferens
suavitatem
,
i.
Affoording
sweetnesse
and
pleasantness
D●●ce
is
derived
of
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
,
i.
Sap●●is
Judex
,
To
judge
by
taste
;
or
Acre
Judcare
,
that
is
,
To
censure
ac●●ely
.
The
Syrens
we●e
the
daughters
of
the
flood
Achelous
,
and
the
Muse
M●lp●mene
,
so
saith
Hyginus
:
others
derive
them
from
Calliope
.
They
are
by
the
Greeks
called
Tractatoriae
,
as
attracting
or
insinuating
into
the
ears
of
man
by
their
severall
illecebrations
,
or
enticements
;
by
Song
,
by
Sight
,
by
Custome
.
They
are
three
in
number
;
the
first
excels
in
Voice
,
the
second
in
the
Harp
,
the
third
in
the
Pype
:
it
was
so
ordered
by
the
Fates
,
that
whosoever
listned
to
their
musick
should
instantly
perish
,
but
when
any
one
escaped
their
incantations
,
they
themselves
should
live
no
longer
;
which
destiny
of
theirs
was
made
good
in
Vlysses
.
For
stopping
his
own
ears
and
the
ears
of
his
sailers
,
with
wax
(
by
the
counsel
of
Mercury
)
and
causing
them
all
to
be
tide
to
the
Masts
of
the
ship
,
when
these
Syrens
perceived
that
they
were
prevented
they
tumbled
themselves
from
the
Rocks
headlong
into
the
Seas
,
and
were
so
drowned
.
The
place
stil
bears
their
name
,
and
is
called
Syrenides
,
it
lies
betwixt
Cicilie
and
Italy
.
Some
think
that
by
these
Syrenes
,
were
intended
no
other
then
strumpets
,
who
by
their
inchanting
insinuations
and
luxurious
flatteries
,
have
been
the
ruin
of
many
eminent
and
excellent
men
,
as
likewise
of
others
meanlier
degreed
and
qualified
;
but
whatsoever
he
be
that
by
his
wisdom
can
prevent
them
,
is
his
own
preserver
,
and
their
destroier
.
Their
bodies
upward
were
feminine
,
withal
fair
;
and
from
the
navel
downward
beastial
or
fishie
,
denoting
unto
us
the
uglinesse
of
sin
and
deformity
of
lust
.
Divers
differ
about
their
number
;
These
are
reckoned
unto
us
,
Aglaosi
,
Telsipoi
,
Pisno
,
Iligi
:
some
think
the
City
Parthinope
to
take
denomination
from
Parthenopaea
,
once
numbred
amongst
these
Mermaids
,
because
she
was
there
buried
:
Others
reckon
amongst
them
the
two
Nymphs
,
Leucosia
and
Lygia
.
Plutarch
in
Amator
speaks
of
Oenanthe
a
she-minstrel
,
and
a
dancer
,
as
also
Aristonica
,
Aglais
,
and
others
.
These
and
the
like
of
their
alluring
profession
,
to
these
Syrens
may
not
unfitly
be
compared
.
Some
women
have
to
honest
purposes
changed
their
garments
,
Dioclesian
,
Ambros
.
lib.
2.
de
Virgin
.
Euphrostna
a
maid
of
Alexandria
,
took
upon
her
a
mans
habit
,
and
for
the
space
of
thirty
six
yeers
dissembled
her
S●x
unknown
to
any
,
all
which
time
she
spent
in
a
religious
mon●stery
only
for
devotion
sake
.
Valaterran
.
Dicearchus
apud
Caelium
testates
,
That
only
for
the
love
of
learning
,
and
to
be
truly
instructed
in
the
grounds
of
Philosophy
,
Lasthenia
,
Martinea
,
Ax
o
hoa
,
&
Phliasia
came
disguised
in
mens
habits
into
Plato's
School
,
and
were
his
daily
auditors
,
into
which
place
women
were
not
to
be
admitted
.
Pelagia
a
woman
of
Antioch
,
being
in
her
youth
solely
given
over
to
voluptuousness
and
pleasure
,
at
length
was
so
retired
from
all
wordly
delights
and
vanities
,
that
abandoning
humane
society
,
she
assumed
the
shape
of
a
man
,
lest
her
S●x
might
be
discovered
,
and
so
betaking
her selfe
to
the
sollitude
of
a
most
desolate
wildernesse
,
led
a
contemplative
and
devout
life
till
she
expired
her
last
.
The
like
I
have
before
related
of
Marina
,
who
with
her
habit
changed
her
name
to
Marinus
,
and
Eugenia
to
Eugenius
.
Here
I
might
fi●ly
introduce
Johanna
Anglicana
,
but
I
have
reserved
a
place
for
her
amongst
the
learned
.
Not
to
the
like
commendable
purpose
,
we
read
how
Semiramis
bet●aid
her
Sex
,
and
for
many
years
together
beguiled
the
eies
of
her
people
,
took
upon
her
the
stile
of
a
King
,
and
reigned
in
the
person
of
her
son
.
A●
those
before
remembred
have
dissembled
their
shape
,
Ovid
Metamorph.
lib.
9.
saith
of
it
:
Cultus
erat
〈◊〉
,
facies
quam
sive
puellae
Sive
dares
pueri
●icrat
formosus
uterque
.
The
habit
of
a
B●y
she
wore
,
And
it
had
such
a
face
,
As
whether
she
were
Boy
or
Girl
,
It
either
Sex
would
grace
.
Lictus
gives
it
the
name
of
the
grandfather
,
and
cals
it
Iphis
,
a
name
that
may
belong
equally
either
to
man
or
woman
;
the
mother
holds
it
as
a
fortunate
Omen
.
The
infant
growes
to
be
ripe
for
marriage
,
and
the
father
is
as
ready
to
provide
a
wife
for
his
supposed
son
:
Ianthe
is
found
,
the
daughter
of
Dyctaeus
and
Thaleste
,
a
young
damosel
of
large
dower
and
commendable
beauty
;
Iphi●
and
Ianthe
were
of
equall
years
and
alike
in
feature
,
they
were
bred
together
,
brought
up
and
schooled
together
,
and
as
they
had
like
instructions
,
so
they
had
like
affections
,
they
were
paralell'd
in
love
,
but
not
in
hopes
,
Ianthe
expected
to
be
possessed
of
Iphis
,
Iphis
was
in
despair
ever
to
enjoy
Ianthe
,
as
her
fear
stil
growes
greater
,
so
the
marriage
day
approacheth
neerer
,
the
fathers
joy
and
comfort
is
the
mothers
dread
and
grief
,
the
ones
exaltation
to
bliss
,
the
others
dejection
to
sorrow
.
The
Contract
is
past
,
the
Nuptial
day
come
;
there
are
two
Brides
,
and
no
Bridegroom
:
notwithstanding
,
Hymen
is
present
,
Juno
at
hand
,
V●nus
not
far
off
,
and
Lucina
(
the
goddesse
of
Child-birth
)
in
hope
of
future
imploiment
.
The
mother
retires
to
her
praiers
,
the
daughter
to
her
tears
:
Where
humane
hope
fails
,
and
Nature
opposeth
(
or
at
least
helpeth
not
:
)
whither
should
we
slie
but
to
the
gods
,
for
assistance
?
So
they
repair
to
the
Altar
,
where
they
humbly
kneel
,
and
as
devoutly
pray
.
Praiers
are
said
to
be
the
daughters
of
Jupiter
,
and
have
at
all
hours
accesse
to
the
ears
of
their
father
.
Their
Orisons
ended
,
the
mother
and
the
daughter
returned
;
if
not
helped
,
yet
in
their
resolutions
armed
against
hurt
.
In
the
way
back
,
as
Ovid
my
Master
tels
me
,
it
thus
hapned
;
Mater
abit
Templo
,
sequitur
Comes
Iphis
euntem
Quam
solita
est
majore
gradu
,
&c.
The
mother
from
the
Temple
,
Iphis
guides
,
She
followes
her
,
but
yet
with
larger
strides
Then
when
she
thither
went
;
and
thinks
it
strange
To
find
within
her self
such
sudden
change
,
Because
she
feels
about
her
something
grow
,
The
like
she
never
saw
,
nor
yet
doth
know
.
The
whitenesse
in
her
cheek
begins
to
fade
,
She
seems
more
swart
;
besides
,
more
breadth
is
laid
Vpon
her
spreading
shoulders
;
she
is
now
More
strong
then
erst
,
and
in
her
modest
brow
A
look
more
manly
:
her
fair
hair
,
that
hung
Below
her
Waste
,
still
shortens
;
and
her
Tongue
Hath
got
a
bigger
tone
:
nor
marvel
,
when
Iphis
the
Maid
may
now
be
rank'd
'mongst
men
.
What
,
and
how
great
joy
this
prodigious
change
was
,
I
leave
to
them
that
can
truly
apprehend
the
happinesse
of
such
a
hopelesse
and
unexpected
fortune
betwixt
two
Lovers
:
but
whether
this
was
done
meerly
by
the
miraculous
work
of
the
gods
,
or
were
possible
in
Nature
,
might
be
disputed
.
To
this
purpose
,
he
that
collected
the
Memorable
Histories
of
these
times
,
hath
quoted
an
Author
,
in
many
things
beleevable
,
That
the
like
hath
been
known
in
our
later
ages
:
yea
,
children
have
been
born
,
that
by
the
Midwives
,
Nurses
and
Parents
,
have
been
mistaken
for
daughters
,
and
so
continued
for
some
years
.
But
growing
to
the
age
of
twelve
,
or
thereabouts
,
and
are
able
to
distinguish
of
good
or
evil
(
being
capable
of
passions
,
and
subject
to
affections
)
whether
Love
or
Time
hath
produced
these
strange
effects
,
I
am
not
certain
:
but
those
manly
parts
that
were
before
inverted
,
and
concealed
within
the
body
,
have
burst
forth
,
and
been
made
apparent
;
insomuch
,
that
they
have
been
forced
to
change
their
womens
names
into
mens
,
with
the
exchange
of
their
habits
;
and
after
made
choice
of
wives
,
and
as
this
Iphis
to
Ianthe
,
have
been
joifully
married
.
Ovid
in
his
twelfth
book
of
Metamorphosis
,
remembers
the
like
transhape
from
the
mouth
of
Nestor
.
Caenis
(
saith
he
)
the
daughter
of
Elataeus
,
one
of
the
most
beautiful
virgins
of
Thessaly
,
and
of
such
fame
,
that
even
Peleus
,
the
father
of
Achilles
(
amongst
many
others
)
was
an
earnest
suitor
unto
her
to
have
made
her
his
Bride
and
Queen
:
but
the
proud
Girl
despising
both
his
proffers
and
person
,
gave
him
a
like
repulse
with
the
rest
,
pretending
a
perpetual
vow
of
Chastity
.
At
length
Neptune
grew
enamoured
of
her
,
and
encountred
her
at
such
opportunity
and
advantage
,
that
ma●ger
all
resistance
,
she
was
by
him
vitiated
and
devirgined
.
To
recompence
which
injury
,
he
bad
her
ask
whatsoever
was
in
his
power
(
being
a
god
)
to
grant
,
and
she
should
be
recompenced
to
the
fulnesse
of
her
wishes
and
desires
.
She
fearing
lest
the
temptation
of
her
incomparable
beauty
might
bring
her
in
danger
of
the
like
violence
,
and
to
base
prostitution
(
which
she
above
all
things
hated
)
to
him
she
thus
answered
:
Magnum
(
Caenis
ait
)
facit
haec
injuria
votam
Tale
pati
,
jam
posse
nihil
,
da
femina
ne
sim
,
Omnia
praestiteris
,
&c.
My
injury
doth
make
me
(
Caenis
said
)
To
ask
a
mighty
〈◊〉
,
which
grant
I
pray
,
(
That
I
no
more
in
this
kind
be
betra●'d
)
Make
me
to
be
no
woman
from
this
day
;
'T
is
all
I
beg
.
The
last
words
that
she
spake
,
Seemd
to
be
utter'd
with
more
manly
sound
Then
were
the
first
:
Great
Neptune
for
her
sake
Had
granted
it
(
which
in
her self
she
found
)
And
added
more
;
to
recompence
this
deed
,
Never
shall
that
smooth
skin
by
weapon
bleed
.
After
which
time
she
proveth
invulnerable
,
changed
her
name
to
Caneus
,
practised
arms
,
and
proved
a
famous
souldier
.
She
was
in
that
great
battel
betwixt
the
Centaurs
and
the
Lapithes
,
where
fel
by
her
hand
,
Stiphilus
,
Bromus
;
Antimachus
,
Helimus
,
and
Pyrachmon
,
five
valiant
Centaurs
.
Now
though
this
may
seem
somewhat
to
savour
of
fabulous
Poetry
,
may
not
she
(
leaving
out
the
compression
of
Neptune
,
or
being
made
wound
free
)
by
the
former
probability
so
late
remembred
(
being
born
of
a
warlike
race
,
and
having
in
her
the
inherent
seeds
of
hereditary
valor
)
though
she
was
first
thought
a
damosel
,
yet
when
time
produced
her
virility
,
make
shew
of
that
,
imperfect
Nature
had
not
til
then
ripened
,
and
practise
A●ms
,
agreeable
with
the
brave
spirits
of
her
ancestors
?
And
because
either
her
good
fortune
assisted
her
,
or
〈…〉
her
,
that
she
never
received
any
apparant
wound
in
battel
;
may
she
not
therefore
(
and
without
any
palpable
absurdity
)
be
thought
invulnerable
;
And
so
much
to
Apology
(
in
the
way
of
discourse
)
for
those
supposed
impossibilities
;
only
producing
these
Histories
least
any
thing
(
that
savors
not
of
immodesty
)
that
can
be
spoke
of
women
,
should
be
left
unremembred
.
〈…〉
Polyhimnia
.
FINIS
.
THE
EIGHTH
BOOK
inscribed
VRANIA
.
Intreating
of
Women
every
way
learned
▪
of
Poetresses
,
and
Wi●ches
,
&c.
POlyhimnia
remembers
me
to
look
up
to
her
Sister
Vrania
,
whose
contemplation
is
in
the
Stars
and
Planets
;
where
me
thinks
I
behold
the
t●●lve
Signs
,
as
Mani●us
(
in
his
first
book
Astronomicon
)
thus
describes
their
order
:
Aurato
Princeps
A●ies
in
vellere
fulgens
Respicit
,
admira●s
adversum
surgere
Taurum
,
&c.
The
Princely
Ram
clad
in
his
go●den
wool
,
Looks
back
,
admiring
to
behold
the
Bul
Against
him
rise
;
who
with
a
chearfull
face
Cals
to
the
Twins
to
bid
them
mend
their
pace
:
The
Crab
these
followes
,
and
the
Lion
than
;
Next
,
the
Celestiall
M●id
,
not
known
by
m●n
:
Libra
comes
after
,
who
(
lest
Time
should
fail
)
Weighes
out
the
Nights
and
Daies
in
equall
scale
,
And
cals
the
Scorpion
on
,
who
in
his
train
Bears
a
bright
fulgent
star
,
at
which
(
in
vain
)
The
Centaur
(
with
his
string
drawn
to
his
ear
)
Aims
his
keen
shaft
:
the
Goat
doth
next
appear
,
That
s
Capricornus
call'd
,
who
oft
times
lowers
,
Because
to
quench
his
star
,
Aquarius
powers
His
Laver
forth
:
next
after
him
,
are
plac'd
Pisces
,
that
of
the
twelve
Signs
are
the
last
.
And
now
whilst
mine
eies
are
yet
fixt
upon
the
stars
,
let
it
appear
no
unprofitable
digression
,
to
speak
something
concerning
Astronomy
.
Atlas
for
his
skil
in
that
Art
,
the
Poets
fabled
him
to
support
Heaven
on
his
shoulders
;
and
Endimion
for
observing
the
course
of
the
Moon
,
was
therefore
said
to
be
her
friend
and
lover
.
The
Babylonians
are
reported
to
be
the
first
observers
of
the
Stars
and
Planets
,
by
whom
the
Grecians
being
instructed
,
●●und
out
the
two
●●les
,
devised
the
Dial
,
and
distinguished
the
Day
and
the
Night
into
four
and
twenty
hours
Zoroastres
that
florished
in
the
time
that
Ninus
reigned
in
Assyria
,
was
in
this
Art
famous
.
Palamides
the
son
of
Nauplius
and
Climene
was
the
first
amongst
the
Greeks
that
accommodated
the
Weeks
,
Months
,
and
Years
,
and
proportioned
them
to
the
true
course
of
the
Sun
;
he
observed
the
terrible
eclipse
of
the
Sun
,
and
taught
it
to
be
a
meer
naturall
cause
,
and
not
pr●digious
,
as
it
was
then
seated
.
Philostratus
in
Hero●cis
.
Thales
Milesius
one
of
the
seven
Wise
men
of
Greece
,
applied
himselfe
to
this
study
,
and
as
Calimachus
witnesseth
of
him
,
was
the
first
that
disputed
upon
Visa
major
,
as
Eudemus
predicted
the
Eclipse
of
the
Sun
to
the
Ionians
▪
which
hapned
in
the
time
that
Haliattes
was
King
of
Lydi●
,
and
fought
a
great
and
terrible
battel
against
A●axaris
King
of
the
Medes
Hero●otus
in
Clio.
Laertius
,
lib.
1.
Anaximander
Milesius
the
Scholer
of
Thales
,
first
taught
that
the
Moon
shined
only
by
a
borrowed
light
,
and
that
the
Sun
equalled
in
bignesse
the
compasse
of
the
whole
frame
of
the
Earth
,
and
was
the
purest
fire
;
he
made
the
first
Sun
dial
in
Lacedemon
,
and
placed
it
where
it
might
best
give
a
shadow
from
the
reflection
of
the
Sun
;
he
observed
the
Equinoctiall
,
and
made
Spheres
and
Horoscopes
,
Laert.
lib.
2.
Anaxagoras
Cl●zimonius
taught
,
That
the
Sun
was
a
fire
perpetually
burning
greater
in
the
circumference
then
the
Island
of
Pelop●n●esus
,
he
called
it
a
fiery
Stone
;
he
predicted
that
a
stone
should
fall
from
the
Orb
of
the
Sun
,
which
hapned
neer
to
Aego●
a
flood
in
Thrace
,
in
the
second
year
of
the
seventy
eight
Olympiad
.
This
made
Euripides
his
scholer
in
Phaetontide
,
to
call
the
Sun
a
golden
Turfe
;
and
that
the
Moon
conteined
within
her
Sphere
,
Houses
,
and
Dwellings
,
Hils
,
Vallies
,
Forrests
,
Beasts
,
and
People
.
He
affirmed
the
Galaxia
or
Milky
path
,
to
be
a
meer
reflex
of
the
Sun
,
and
no
inter-light
arising
from
the
Stars
;
Comets
he
taught
to
be
a
concourse
of
the
wandring
Stars
,
and
the
flames
or
beards
which
proceed
from
them
loose
sparks
shaken
by
the
air
:
Being
asked
for
what
end
he
was
born
into
the
world
,
he
answered
,
Only
to
have
inspection
into
the
Sun
,
the
Moon
and
the
Planets
,
Laert.
lib
2.
Plin.
lib.
2.
cap.
60.
In
this
were
eminent
Parmenides
Eleates
,
the
scholer
of
Xenophon
,
Leucippus
Eleates
,
Democrates
Abderites
,
Xenocrates
Chalcidonius
,
who
writ
six
books
de
Astrologia
,
as
Laertius
witnesseth
,
lib.
4.
Eudoxus
Guidius
,
Theophrastus
Erisius
,
Oenopides
Chius
,
Meton
Lacedemonius
(
both
remembred
by
Aelianus
)
Protagorus
Astrologus
,
with
infinite
others
:
and
among
these
Hyppatia
a
learned
woman
of
Alexandria
,
daughter
of
Theon
the
famous
Geometririan
,
and
wife
to
the
Philosopher
Isiodorus
;
she
writ
of
Astronomy
,
kept
school
in
Alexandria
,
where
she
was
frequented
by
many
worthy
scholers
,
she
flourished
in
the
time
of
Arcadius
the
Emperor
,
and
was
after
by
such
as
envied
her
fame
in
learning
,
pitifully
slain
and
massacred
.
From
the
professors
of
this
Art
,
I
come
to
the
effects
thereof
.
It
is
related
of
Meton
the
expert
Astrologian
,
when
the
Athenian
forces
were
to
be
shipped
into
Sicily
to
fight
against
the
Syracusans
,
he
foreseeing
by
his
Art
the
lamentable
successe
of
that
battel
,
which
after
proved
accordingly
,
to
avoid
the
danger
thereof
,
being
a
man
of
especial
imploiment
in
that
businesse
,
and
to
come
off
without
suspition
of
fear
or
cowardise
,
he
counterfeited
madnesse
;
which
the
better
to
confirm
,
he
fired
a
Summer
house
of
his
own
which
stood
nere
Pyceta
,
by
which
act
he
was
judged
to
be
distracted
in
his
sences
,
and
for
that
reason
dismist
from
his
charge
.
Plutarch
in
Alc●biad
P.
Nigidius
Figulus
was
of
the
Pythagorean
Sect
,
excellent
both
in
the
Mathematicks
and
Physick
,
of
whom
Lucian
.
lib.
1.
At
Figulus
cui
cura
deos
secretaque
mundi
Nosse
fuit
.
But
Figulus
,
whose
chiefe
care
was
to
find
And
know
the
gods
,
with
secrets
from
mankind
Conceal'd
,
&c.
He
flourished
in
the
time
of
Caesar
,
he
was
skilful
in
the
revolutions
of
the
Heavens
,
above
all
that
lived
in
his
t●me
:
amongst
other
notable
effect
of
his
Art
,
he
predicted
to
Augustus
being
an
infant
,
the
Imperiall
purple
.
X●ph●lin
in
Augusto
.
Scribonius
Mathematicus
told
Lyvia
,
the
mother
of
Tib●rius
Caesar
being
with
child
,
that
she
was
great
with
a
male
infant
,
not
a
female
,
adding
(
wherein
his
Art
failed
)
Verum
sine
D●●demate
,
i.
But
without
a
Diadem
,
as
ignorant
then
to
what
height
the
majesty
of
the
Caesars
were
to
ascend
,
Sabell●cus
lib.
1.
cap.
1.
It
is
reported
of
the
Astrologian
Thrasillus
,
that
when
Tiberius
was
banished
by
Augustus
into
the
Island
of
Rhodes
,
and
in
his
greatest
melancholy
and
discontent
,
had
been
often
comforted
by
Thrasillus
his
school-master
,
as
promising
some
speedy
good
news
apprehended
from
his
Art
.
But
on
a
time
they
two
walking
together
upon
the
banks
of
the
Sea
,
Tiberius
stil
fretting
and
ch●fing
inwardly
with
himselfe
,
that
he
had
been
so
long
●ooled
with
vain
and
idle
promises
,
by
the
Mathematician
his
Master
,
he
rated
him
with
bitter
and
harsh
tearms
,
reviling
his
Art
,
and
was
ready
to
have
cast
him
headlong
(
in
this
extremity
of
rage
)
from
the
pro●ō●ory
;
when
Theafillas
in●eating
his
patience
but
a
few
hours
,
espied
a
ship
with
ful
sails
making
towards
the
harbor
,
when
suddenly
rejoicing
,
Be
of
good
comfort
Tiberius
(
saith
he
)
for
in
yon
ship
is
brought
thee
what
thou
most
desirest
;
which
proved
accordingly
,
for
they
attending
their
landing
,
letters
were
delivered
to
Tiberius
from
Augustus
and
Lyvia
,
of
his
repeal
f●om
exile
,
and
his
calling
back
to
Rome
;
at
which
time
was
laid
the
foundation
of
his
Empire
,
Fulgos
lib
8
cap
1●
Dion
.
in
August
.
reports
i●
thus
,
Tiberius
walking
with
Thra●illus
,
and
privately
intending
to
cast
him
from
the
rock
,
without
any
appearance
of
an●er
,
on
the
sudden
he
grew
wondrous
melancholy
and
sad
,
upon
which
Tiberius
demanding
the
cause
,
Thrasillus
answered
,
because
I
find
there
is
now
a
pr●sent
mischiefe
intended
against
me
;
upon
which
words
the
purpose
of
Tiberius
was
altered
,
and
the
othe●s
prescience
by
him
much
commended
.
Even
Tiberius
himself
was
studious
and
expert
in
Astrology
,
Astronomy
,
and
other
mystical
and
hidden
Arts
,
insomuch
that
he
caused
many
noble
Gentlemen
of
Rome
to
be
innocently
put
to
death
,
for
no
other
reason
then
by
calculating
upon
their
nativity
,
he
presupposed
them
dangerous
to
the
State
;
he
observed
the
carriage
and
conditions
of
all
men
,
and
whosoever
excell'd
others
in
vertue
,
or
entred
into
the
least
popular
love
,
him
he
cut
off
.
It
is
said
,
that
meeting
with
Galba
,
upon
his
marriage
day
,
he
cast
a
stedfast
look
upon
him
,
and
withall
uttered
these
words
,
Et
tu
aliquando
Principetum
degust●his
,
i.
And
thou
also
shalt
in
time
attain
unto
the
Principality
.
The
Emperor
Hadrianus
was
not
only
industrious
in
the
attaining
to
the
height
of
perfection
in
the
knowledge
of
all
other
general
learning
,
but
also
in
the
Mathematicks
,
insomuch
that
Marius
Maxim
,
affirms
of
him
,
That
he
assuredly
knew
all
things
that
were
spoken
of
,
or
by
him
;
he
writ
down
every
morning
with
his
own
hand
,
the
chances
and
successions
that
should
follow
the
same
day
,
and
thus
he
continued
to
the
hour
of
his
death
.
He
was
often
heard
to
say
of
Verus
whom
he
had
adopted
,
O●●endent
terris
hunc
tantum
fata
,
nec
ultra
Esse
sinent
,
&c.
The
fates
will
to
the
earth
but
shew
him
,
then
,
E●e
fully
seen
,
snatch
him
away
agen
.
Volaterran
Anturo
lib.
23.
saith
,
That
he
continued
the
writing
down
daily
of
those
predictions
,
even
to
the
last
month
of
the
year
,
in
which
he
died
,
and
then
gave
over
;
speaking
openly
,
that
within
the
compasse
of
that
month
he
should
be
gathered
to
his
fathers
,
Fulgos
.
lib.
8.
cap.
11.
Severus
Pertinax
having
buried
his
wife
Martia
,
made
choice
of
a
second
called
Julia
,
born
of
obscure
parents
;
for
no
other
reason
,
but
that
by
the
inspiration
into
those
Stars
that
were
predominant
at
her
birth
,
he
found
that
she
was
born
to
participate
of
Imperial
honours
,
Polaterran
lib
23.
An
Astrologian
in
the
Court
of
Frederick
the
second
●mperor
,
with
great
ceremony
and
dili●●nce
observed
Rodulphus
Earl
of
Hausburch
(
a
plain
Gentleman
of
me●n
fortunes
,
and
lesser
hopes
,
and
one
whom
all
the
other
Courtiers
despised
)
and
still
he
was
mocked
when
he
had
neglected
others
of
great
place
and
office
▪
to
be
only
obsequious
to
him
:
this
being
told
to
the
Emperor
,
he
commanded
the
Artist
before
him
,
demanding
the
reason
of
his
so
doing
;
to
whom
he
answered
,
Because
O
Frederick
,
in
this
Rodulphus
I
see
a
succeeding
Emperor
,
who
when
thy
issue
shall
fail
,
must
repair
the
●ignity
of
the
Caesars
,
and
his
noble
memorable
acts
●il
all
Christendome
with
condign
praises
:
neither
was
this
presage
frivolous
or
vainly
spoken
,
for
in
the
year
of
our
redemption
,
1273
,
in
the
Calends
of
October
,
this
Rodulphus
was
by
the
princes
of
Germany
confirmed
in
the
Imperiall
dignity
,
and
crowned
at
Frankford
,
Caspinianus
in
Caesaribus
.
Marullus
speaks
of
one
Byliotus
an
Astronomer
,
who
died
with
eating
of
Mushroms
,
or
such
as
we
call
Toad-stools
,
his
words
be
these
:
Dum
cavet
Astrologus
prituris
is
sidera
amicis
,
Dum
sibi
Boletos
non
cavet
ipse
perit
.
Whilst
to
foresee
his
friends
mishhaps
,
His
skil
the
Artist
tri'd
:
His
own
sad
fate
he
could
not
find
,
But
eating
Mushromes
,
di'd
.
Rare
effects
of
this
Art
were
shewed
in
Guido
Bonatus
for●
liviensis
,
who
lived
under
Martin
the
fourth
,
who
sent
to
Guido
Earl
of
Mountferrat
,
that
if
such
a
day
,
and
at
such
an
hour
he
would
issue
out
of
the
City
,
and
by
stratagem
invade
his
enemies
posterity
should
remember
him
in
that
honorable
victory
,
in
which
he
should
give
them
a
strange
defeat
,
and
assuredly
overcome
,
and
himself
receive
a
dangerous
wound
in
the
thigh
.
The
Earl
at
the
day
appointed
issued
from
the
City
,
and
assaulted
them
,
providing
himself
of
all
things
necessary
about
him
for
a
wound
▪
He
wins
the
day
,
followed
the
victory
,
was
hurt
in
the
same
place
,
and
after
healed
.
Fulgos
.
lib
8
cap.
11.
Egnat
.
lib.
8.
cap.
11.
Paulus
tertius
Pope
(
Farnesius
)
was
miraculously
skilful
in
Astrology
:
He
sent
to
his
son
Peter
Aloysius
(
who
at
that
time
with
great
cruelty
usurped
in
the
Dukedome
of
Parma
and
Placentia
)
and
warned
him
to
beware
and
take
heed
of
his
own
safety
the
10
day
of
September
,
in
the
year
of
Grace
,
1547.
for
that
day
was
malignant
to
his
life
,
and
opposite
to
his
good
above
all
others
.
The
father
(
as
my
Author
saith
)
had
power
to
forewarn
his
son
,
but
the
son
had
not
grace
to
prevent
the
danger
;
for
the
same
day
predicted
,
he
was
slain
in
his
own
Castle
by
Augustinus
Landus
and
Jacobus
Scotus
,
two
Earls
of
Placentia
,
who
pretended
private
conference
with
him
.
Being
dead
,
he
was
delivered
to
the
long
afflicted
people
;
who
first
hanged
him
up
by
the
privy
parts
,
and
after
(
without
all
humane
pity
)
tore
him
limb
from
limb
,
to
satisfie
their
malicious
vengeance
.
Sleidanus
,
lib.
19.
Comment.
I
fear
I
have
staied
too
long
amongst
the
Stars
,
and
conferred
so
much
amongst
those
men
,
that
some
may
fear
I
have
forgot
the
Women
:
but
it
is
otherwise
,
for
I
now
proceed
with
them
.
And
first
,
Of
Women
Orators
that
have
pleaded
their
own
Causes
,
or
others
.
Strange
and
admirable
is
the
efficacy
and
force
of
Eloquence
.
It
is
writ
of
the
Poet
Tyrtaeus
,
That
when
the
Lacedemonians
had
been
in
three
sundry
battels
defeated
,
and
were
in
despair
for
ever
reobtaining
their
pristine
honours
and
dignities
,
in
this
lowest
of
their
dejectednesse
,
he
with
his
excellently
eloquent
Verses
so
kindled
and
awaked
their
dul
and
drowsie
courages
,
that
they
the
fourth
time
opposed
the
Messenians
,
their
enemies
;
and
wearing
about
them
the
names
of
their
noble
ancestors
(
whose
brave
exploits
he
in
his
Poems
had
celebrated
)
they
re-assumed
their
former
forces
and
courages
,
with
such
an
addition
and
encrease
of
fortitude
,
that
they
after
grew
unresistable
.
Answerable
to
the
facundity
and
eloquence
of
the
Poet
Tyrtaeus
,
was
that
of
Amesia
,
a
modest
Roman
Lady
,
who
being
of
a
great
crime
accused
,
and
ready
to
incur
the
sentence
of
the
Praetor
,
she
in
a
great
confluence
stept
up
among
the
people
,
and
without
any
advocate
pleaded
his
own
cause
so
effectually
and
strongly
,
that
by
the
publique
Suffrage
she
was
freed
and
acquit
from
all
aspersions
whatsoever
▪
Which
she
did
with
such
a
manly
yet
modest
constancy
,
that
from
that
time
forward
she
was
called
Androgine
.
Val.
Max.
lib.
8.
cap.
3.
Equall
to
her
was
Hortensia
,
the
daughter
of
Q.
Hortensius
:
she
,
when
the
Roman
Matrons
had
a
grievou●
fine
put
upon
them
by
the
Tribunes
,
and
when
all
the
Tribunes
,
Lawyers
and
Orators
were
afraid
to
take
upon
them
the
patronage
of
their
Cause
▪
this
discreet
Lady
in
person
pleaded
before
the
Triumvirate
,
in
the
behalf
of
the
women
;
which
she
did
boldly
and
happily
;
for
as
one
hereditary
to
her
fathers
eloquence
,
she
prevailed
so
far
that
the
greatest
part
of
the
mulct
imposed
upon
them
was
instantly
remitted
.
Differing
from
their
Modesties
,
was
that
of
Caia
Affrania
,
the
wife
of
Lycinius
Bructio
,
a
woman
prompt
and
apt
for
all
contention
and
discord
,
and
in
all
troubles
and
controversies
stil
pleaded
her
own
Cases
before
the
Praetor
:
Not
that
she
wanted
the
help
of
an
Advocate
,
but
rather
to
expresse
her
own
impudence
;
whose
common
railing
and
loquacity
before
the
Bench
,
grew
to
that
scandall
,
that
it
almost
stretcht
to
the
injurie
of
the
whole
Sex
:
insomuch
,
that
if
any
woman
were
justly
taxed
with
boldnesse
or
irregularity
,
she
(
in
the
way
of
a
Proverb
)
was
branded
with
the
name
of
Affrania
.
Her
spleen
extended
even
to
Caius
Caesar
Tertius
;
as
likewise
to
M.
Servillus
the
Consul
.
My
Author
leaves
her
with
this
Character
,
That
it
is
much
better
to
enquire
when
such
a
Monster
died
,
then
curiously
to
be
inquisitive
when
or
of
whom
she
was
●orn
.
Val.
Max
lib.
8.
cap
3.
From
Orators
I
come
to
Sophists
,
and
from
Declamers
to
Disputants
.
It
is
reported
of
Caecilia
,
the
chast
Roman
Virgin
(
being
married
against
her
wil
to
a
noble
Gentleman
,
called
Valertanu●
)
when
they
were
left
together
in
the
Bride-chamber
,
she
with
her
strong
reasons
and
prompt
arguments
discoursed
and
disputed
with
him
in
the
patronage
and
defence
of
her
Virginity
proving
unto
him
from
the
Scriptures
,
how
justly
vowed
Chastity
is
more
acceptable
in
the
eies
of
the
great
Maker
,
then
Marriage
:
insomuch
,
that
notwithstanding
his
heat
of
youth
,
meeting
with
a
tempting
,
provoking
beauty
,
the
convenience
of
opportunity
,
time
,
and
place
(
with
the
lawfulnesse
of
the
act
,
establisht
by
the
Ceremonies
of
the
Church
)
yet
he
(
at
her
intercession
)
not
only
absteined
from
that
time
to
offer
her
any
force
or
violence
,
but
ever
after
betwixt
themselves
vowing
lasting
Virginity
.
She
,
likewise
when
Tiburtius
(
the
brother
to
Valerianus
)
contended
with
her
in
disputation
,
refuted
the
opinions
then
generally
held
,
concerning
the
idolatrous
worship
of
the
false
Pagan
gods
;
so
that
having
convinced
him
with
undeniable
Propositions
,
he
turned
a
zealous
convertite
to
the
true
Christian
Faith
.
Catherina
Alexandria
,
under
the
Tyranny
of
Max●ntius
,
argued
with
all
the
best
and
cunningest
Sophists
of
those
daies
,
stout●y
and
constantly
maint●ining
the
Faith
of
the
Gospel
,
and
sillogistically
refuting
all
their
schismatical
Opinions
,
causing
many
of
them
to
deliver
up
their
names
to
the
●●cere
profession
of
Christianity
.
In
her
appeared
how
the
wisdome
of
the
world
gave
place
,
and
submitted
to
the
Divine
knowledge
;
insomuch
,
that
notwithstanding
all
the
〈◊〉
cunning
,
and
sophistical
dilemma's
(
in
which
they
were
elaborately
practised
)
they
were
forced
to
yield
and
submit
to
the
authority
of
a
plain
Virgins
tongue
,
her
wit
and
reason
being
illuminated
with
Divine
knowledge
from
above
,
Marul
.
lib.
5.
cap.
6.
Guido
Bit.
in
his
Catalogue
of
Philosophers
,
reports
Diodor●●
Socrati●●●
to
have
had
five
daughters
,
all
Disputants
,
and
skilful
in
Logick
.
Hypparchia
,
the
sister
o●
Megocles
,
and
wife
to
C●ates
Cynicus
,
she
with
one
sophism
put
to
silence
Theodorus
(
surnamed
〈◊〉
)
Quod
faciens
Theodorus
non
dicer●tur
injuste
facere
,
〈…〉
Hypp●rchia
non
diceretur
injuste
facere
,
i.
That
which
Theo●orus
doing
,
he
is
not
said
to
do
unjustly
,
It
Hypparchia
do
the
same
,
she
is
not
said
to
do
unjustly
.
To
which
when
he
granted
,
she
added
this
:
But
Theodorus
beating
himselfe
,
is
not
said
to
do
unjustly
,
Erg●
,
If
Hyppa●chia
beat
Theodorus
,
she
cannot
do
unjustly
.
To
this
Theodorus
made
no
answer
,
but
in
snatching
up
his
cloak
,
and
leaving
the
place
,
he
●aunted
her
in
a
Greek
Iambick
verse
,
which
was
to
this
purpose
,
Why
she
being
a
woman
,
would
trouble
her selfe
with
such
Disciplines
as
are
solely
appertaining
unto
men
?
thus
saying
,
Radios
apud
T●las
retiqui
femina
.
To
whom
she
replied
;
Thinkest
thou
I
have
been
ill
councelled
,
I
that
time
which
I
might
have
past
upon
the
Loom
or
Dist●ff
▪
I
have
spent●n
the
attaining
of
the
liberall
Arts
and
Disc●plin●s
?
Of
Debora
of
the
Tribe
of
Ephraim
,
her
wisedome
,
and
her
Prophesies
(
in
which
she
excelled
)
the
holy
Scriptures
gives
ample
testimony
;
as
likewise
of
Mary
the
sister
of
Moses
,
Anna
the
Prophetess
,
and
others
.
I
proceed
to
such
as
have
been
studied
and
practised
as
well
in
Theology
,
as
Philosophy
.
Of
Women
studious
in
Divinity
.
FAb●ola
a
Roman
matron
was
very
laborious
in
the
reading
and
understanding
of
the
sacred
Scriptures
,
she
was
frequent
in
the
old
Prophets
,
the
Gospels
,
and
the
Ps●lms
of
David
,
which
she
had
almost
ad
unguem
,
and
by
roat
;
her
continuall
reading
practised
her
in
a
more
perfect
knowledge
,
she
was
of
that
reverend
respect
amongst
the
learned
,
that
Saint
Jerome
vouchsafed
to
dedicate
a
book
unto
her
,
intituled
de
Vesta
Sacer
dotal●
.
Marcella
Romana
〈…〉
industry
in
the
Scriptures
,
in
which
she
was
〈…〉
travelled
was
in
many
of
Saint
Jerom's
Epistles
〈◊〉
by
name
.
H●
writ
a
book
to
he●
De
mundi
Contemptu
,
●
Of
the
contempt
of
the
world
,
another
of
the
ten
names
by
which
God
is
called
amongst
the
Hebrewes
;
a
third
of
our
faith
▪
and
the
doctrine
of
the
Hereticks
;
a
fourth
of
blasphemy
against
the
Holy
Ghost
;
a
fifth
,
of
the
study
of
Theophilus
Bishop
of
Alexandria
,
with
others
.
The
same
Saint
Jerome
witnesseth
of
Eustochium
the
daughter
of
one
Paula
,
a
Roman
Matron
,
who
was
excellently
practised
in
the
Greek
and
Latin
Dialects
,
as
also
in
the
Hebrew
Character
,
insomuch
,
that
she
in
her
time
was
called
The
new
Prodigie
of
the
World
:
she
gave
her
studie
chiefly
to
meditation
upon
the
Scriptures
,
insomuch
,
that
she
read
the
Psalms
of
David
familiarly
,
and
without
the
least
hesitation
.
Anastasia
the
scholler
to
Crisogonus
the
Martyr
,
and
wife
of
Publius
Romanus
(
who
faining
a
counterfeit
disease
,
sequestred
himself
from
her
and
quite
abandoned
her
bed
)
she
writ
certain
Epistles
to
her
Master
and
Tutor
,
Crisogonus
,
in
which
she
complained
that
all
her
means
and
substance
was
consumed
and
wasted
by
her
impious
and
sacrilegious
husband
,
who
most
unnaturally
deteined
her
in
prison
.
This
devout
woman
for
the
Faith
,
and
ministring
to
the
Saints
,
was
arraigned
and
condemned
to
the
fire
,
where
she
publickly
suffered
a
most
glorious
Martyrdom
:
of
her
Volaterran
.
makes
mention
.
Giliberta
Anglica
was
born
in
Maguns
or
Mens
in
Germany
,
where
she
was
beloved
of
a
young
scholler
,
for
whose
sake
,
and
least
their
private
and
mutuall
affection
should
at
length
come
to
the
ears
of
her
parents
,
all
virginall
modesty
and
womanish
fear
set
aside
,
she
put
her selfe
into
a
young
mans
habit
,
fled
from
her
fathers
house
,
and
with
her
dear
friend
and
Paramour
,
came
into
England
,
where
as
wel
as
to
his
observance
and
love
,
she
gave
her self
to
the
practise
of
the
Arts
,
and
to
attain
to
the
perfection
of
Learning
.
At
length
the
young
man
dying
(
finding
her self
entred
into
some
knowledge
,
and
desirous
to
be
further
instructed
,
as
one
having
a
wondrous
prompt
and
accute
brain
)
she
stil
continued
her
habit
,
and
withal
her
laborious
study
,
as
wel
in
the
Scriptures
as
other
humane
Learnings
.
At
length
comming
to
Rome
,
she
read
publickly
in
the
Schools
,
where
she
purchased
her selfe
a
great
and
frequent
Auditory
:
And
besides
her
singular
wisedome
,
she
was
much
admited
and
beloved
for
her
seeming
sanctity
and
austerity
of
life
,
and
after
the
death
of
Leo
the
fifth
,
elected
and
confirmed
in
the
papall
Dignity
,
for
thus
writes
Volaterran
,
Sigebertus
,
Platina
,
and
others
that
have
writ
the
lives
of
the
Roman
Bishops
:
she
is
remembred
likewise
to
this
purpose
by
Boccatius
in
his
book
de
Claris
Mulierib●●
.
But
Sabellicus
,
lib.
1.
Aneadis
,
cals
her
Joanna
Anglica
,
i.
Joan
English
,
who
in
her
minority
dissembled
her
Sex
;
and
so
habited
,
travelled
as
far
as
Athens
,
and
there
studied
with
infinite
gain
and
profit
:
insomuch
,
that
comming
to
Rome
,
few
or
none
could
equall
her
in
Disputation
or
Lectures
;
which
begot
her
such
reverence
and
authority
with
all
men
,
that
she
was
by
a
general
Suffrage
elected
into
the
Papacy
,
and
succeeded
Leo
the
fourth
,
Ravisius
in
Officina
,
tit
.
6.
Others
will
not
allow
,
that
ever
any
such
woman
was
Pope
,
and
excuse
it
thus
:
There
was
one
Bishop
of
Rome
,
who
was
a
decrepit
and
weak
old
man
:
He
(
by
reason
of
age
)
not
being
well
able
to
manage
his
temporall
affairs
,
and
domestick
businesse
,
received
into
his
Pallace
as
a
guide
and
governesse
,
a
woman
called
Joanna
,
his
sister
or
neer
kinswoman
:
this
woman
took
upon
her
great
pride
and
state
,
and
usurped
upon
the
infirmity
of
her
pride
and
state
,
and
usurped
upon
the
infirmity
of
her
brother
:
insomuch
,
that
having
the
command
of
all
things
,
and
being
avaricious
by
nature
,
no
businesse
was
dispatched
but
by
her
,
nor
any
thing
concluded
without
her
,
for
which
she
was
both
hated
and
scorned
;
and
therefore
upon
her
that
usurped
the
authority
of
the
Pope
,
they
likewise
bestowed
his
stile
,
and
nick-named
her
Pope
Joan.
This
I
have
not
read
,
but
I
have
heard
some
report
it
.
From
her
I
come
to
Rosuida
,
born
in
Germany
,
and
by
Nation
a
Saxon
:
she
lived
under
Lotharius
the
first
,
and
was
of
a
religious
place
called
Gandresenses
,
in
the
Diocesse
of
Hildesemensis
;
she
was
facundious
in
the
Greek
and
Roman
Tongues
,
and
practised
in
all
good
Arts
:
she
composed
many
Works
,
not
without
great
commendation
from
the
Readers
,
one
especially
to
her
fellow
Nuns
and
Votaresses
,
exhorting
them
to
Chastity
,
Vertue
,
and
Divine
worship
:
She
published
six
Comedies
,
besides
a
noble
Poem
in
Hexameter
verse
,
of
the
Books
and
Heroick
Acts
done
by
the
Otho
Caesars
.
She
writ
the
Lives
of
holy
women
,
but
chiefly
a
Divine
Work
of
the
pious
and
chast
life
of
the
blessed
Virgin
in
Elegick
verse
,
which
began
thus
,
Vnica
spes
Mundiem
.
Cranzius
,
lib.
6.
cap.
20.
Metrapoleos
.
Fulgos
.
lib.
8.
cap.
3.
Elizabeth
,
Abbesse
of
Schonaugia
,
zealously
imitated
the
practise
and
studies
of
this
Rosuida
,
which
she
professed
in
the
City
of
Triers
.
She
writ
many
things
in
the
Latin
Tongue
,
of
which
she
was
divinely
admonished
and
inspired
from
above
,
besides
many
perswasive
Epistles
to
her
Covent
of
Sisters
,
and
others
ful
of
great
conceit
and
elegancy
:
A
Book
also
that
was
entituled
,
A
path
to
direct
us
the
way
to
God
;
besides
,
a
Volume
of
many
learned
Epistles
,
ful
of
great
judgement
and
knowledge
.
Fulgos
.
lib.
8.
cap.
3.
and
Egnat
.
ibidem
.
Con●lantia
,
the
wife
of
Alexander
Sforza
,
is
deservedly
inserted
in
the
Catalogue
of
women
,
famous
and
excellent
in
Learning
:
She
from
her
childhood
was
so
laborious
in
the
best
Disciplines
,
that
upon
the
sudden
,
and
without
premeditation
,
she
was
able
sufficiently
to
discourse
upon
any
argument
,
either
Theological
or
Philosophical
;
besides
,
she
was
frequent
in
the
works
of
St
Hierom
,
St
Ambrose
,
Gregory
,
Cicero
,
Lactantius
.
For
her
extemporal
vein
in
Verse
,
she
was
much
admired
;
in
which
she
was
so
elegantly
ingenious
,
that
she
attracted
the
ears
of
many
judicious
scholers
to
be
her
daily
Auditors
.
And
this
facility
is
reported
to
be
innate
and
born
with
her
,
as
proceeding
with
such
smoothness
,
and
without
the
least
●orce
or
affectation
.
Her
daughter
Baptista
succeeded
her
both
in
fame
and
merit
,
beeing
accepted
and
approved
for
one
equally
qualified
with
her
mother
Constantia
:
Therefore
Politianus
in
Nutricia
,
doubts
not
to
rank
her
amongst
the
best
learned
and
most
illustrious
women
.
Baptista
Prima
,
the
daughter
of
Galeatinus
Malatesta
,
Prince
of
Pisauri●
,
and
after
the
wife
of
Guido
Monteseltrensis
,
Earl
of
Urbin
,
made
many
commendable
proofs
of
her
wit
and
learning
;
for
she
held
many
disputations
even
with
those
that
were
best
practised
and
grounded
in
the
Arts
,
from
whence
she
came
off
with
no
common
applause
.
She
writ
a
Volume
in
Latin
,
which
she
titled
.
The
frailty
of
mans
Life
;
with
other
praise-worthy
books
,
De
vera
Religione
,
i.
Of
true
Religion
.
Fulgos
.
lib.
8.
cap.
3.
Isota
Navarula
Veronensis
devoted
her
life
wholly
to
the
study
of
all
humane
knowledge
,
and
withall
,
to
the
contemplation
of
Divine
Mysteries
,
to
which
she
added
the
honour
of
perpetuall
Chastity
.
She
writ
many
eloquent
Epistles
to
Pope
Nicolaus
Quintus
,
as
also
to
Piu●
the
second
,
being
sufficiently
seen
as
wel
in
Theology
as
Philosophy
Amongst
other
Works
,
she
composed
a
Dialogue
,
in
which
it
was
disputed
which
of
the
two
of
our
parents
,
Adam
and
Eve
▪
sinned
first
,
or
more
offended
in
the
beginning
.
Egnat
and
Fulgos
lib.
8.
cap.
3.
Alpiad●s
a
Virgin
(
who
much
●●sired
to
be
instructed
in
the
true
Faith
)
was
inspired
f●om
above
〈◊〉
a
miraculous
knowledge
in
the
Scriptures
.
〈…〉
Of
Women
excellent
in
Philosophy
,
and
other
Learning
.
FRom
Theology
I
descend
to
Philosophy
.
Nicaula
Queen
of
Saba
travelled
from
the
farthest
part
of
Aethiopia
up
to
Hierusalem
,
to
prove
the
wisdome
of
Solomon
in
dark
Problems
,
and
hard
Questions
:
which
when
he
had
resolved
,
and
satisfied
her
by
his
divine
wisdome
,
inspired
into
him
from
above
,
she
returned
into
her
Country
richer
by
her
gifts
,
more
benefited
by
her
knowledge
,
and
fruitfull
,
as
bearing
with
her
in
her
womb
,
a
child
begot
by
Solomon
.
Lycosth
.
in
Theat.
Human.
vitae
,
lib.
1.
cap.
de
Femin
.
doctis
.
Adesia
,
a
woman
of
Alexandria
(
a
neer
kinswoman
to
the
Philosopher
Syrianus
)
both
for
her
Chastity
and
Learning
is
commemorated
by
Suidas
,
Vata
.
lib.
13.
cap.
3.
Antrop
.
Nic●strata
(
by
some
called
Carmentis
)
helped
to
make
up
the
number
of
the
Greek
Alphabet
:
she
is
also
said
to
have
added
to
our
Roman
Letters
.
Hermodica
was
the
wife
of
Midas
,
King
of
Phrygia
:
she
is
not
only
celebrated
for
her
rare
feature
and
beauty
,
but
for
her
wisedome
:
she
was
the
first
that
ever
stamped
Money
,
or
made
Coin
amongst
the
Cimenses
.
Heraclides
.
Numa
was
the
first
that
made
mony
amongst
the
Romans
,
of
whose
name
it
was
called
Nummus
.
Isiodor
.
lib.
16.
cap.
17.
It
is
likewise
called
Pecunia
,
of
Pecus
,
which
signifies
Cattel
:
for
the
first
that
was
made
to
passe
currant
betwixt
man
and
man
,
was
made
of
the
skins
of
beasts
stamped
with
an
impression
.
It
hath
been
currant
amongst
our
English
Nation
;
part
of
it
may
at
this
day
be
seen
(
as
an
antient
Monument
)
in
the
Castle
of
Dover
.
Saturn
made
Money
of
Brasse
,
with
inscriptions
thereon
;
but
Numa
was
the
first
that
coined
Silver
,
and
caused
his
name
to
be
engraven
thereon
,
for
which
it
still
retains
the
name
in
the
Roman
Tongue
,
and
is
called
Nummus
.
Aspasia
was
a
Milesian
Damosel
,
and
the
beloved
o●
Pericles
:
she
was
abundantly
skilled
in
Philosophicall
studies
;
she
was
likewise
a
fluent
Rhetorician
,
Plutarchus
in
Pericles
.
Socrates
imitated
her
in
his
Facultas
Politica
,
as
likewise
D●otima
,
whom
he
blushed
not
to
call
his
Tutresse
and
Instructresse
.
Of
Lasthenea
,
Mantinea
,
Axiothaea
,
and
Phliasia
(
Plato's
scholers
in
Philosophy
)
I
have
before
given
a
short
Character
.
Themiste
was
the
wife
of
Leonteius
Lampsucenus
,
and
with
her
husband
was
the
frequent
Auditor
of
Epicurus
:
of
whom
Lactantius
saith
;
That
save
her
,
none
of
the
Ancient
Philosophers
ever
instructed
any
woman
in
that
study
,
save
that
one
Themiste
.
Arete
was
the
wife
of
Aristippus
the
Philosopher
,
and
attained
to
that
perfection
of
knowledge
,
that
she
instructed
her
son
in
all
the
liberall
Arts
,
by
whose
industry
he
grew
to
be
a
famous
professor
.
He
was
called
Aristippus
,
and
she
surnamed
Cyrenaica
.
She
followed
the
opinions
of
that
Aristippus
,
who
was
father
to
Socrates
.
She
(
after
the
death
of
her
father
)
erected
a
School
of
Philosophy
,
where
she
commonly
read
to
a
full
and
frequent
Auditory
.
Genebria
was
a
woman
of
Verona
,
she
lived
in
the
time
of
Pius
the
second
,
Bishop
of
Rome
:
Her
works
purchased
for
her
a
name
immortal
.
She
composed
many
smooth
and
eloquent
Epistles
,
polished
both
with
high
conceits
and
judgement
:
she
pronounced
with
a
sharp
and
loud
voice
,
a
becomming
gesture
,
and
a
facundious
suavity
.
Agallis
Corcyrua
was
illustrious
in
the
Art
of
Grammar
,
Caelius
ascribes
unto
her
the
first
invention
of
the
play
at
Ball.
Leontium
was
a
Grecian
Damosel
,
whom
Gallius
cals
a
strumpet
,
she
was
so
well
seen
in
Philosophicall
contemplations
,
that
she
feared
not
to
write
a
worthy
book
against
the
much
worthy
Theophrastus
.
Plin.
in
Prolog
.
Nat.
Hist.
Cicero
,
lib.
de
Natur.
Deorum
.
Dama
the
daughter
of
Pythagoras
,
imitated
the
steps
of
her
father
,
as
likewise
his
wife
;
Theano
her
husband
,
the
mother
and
the
daughter
both
proving
excellent
scholars
.
Laert.
Themistoclea
,
the
sister
of
Pythagoras
,
was
so
practised
a
studient
,
that
in
many
of
his
works
(
as
he
himselfe
confesseth
)
he
hath
implored
her
advice
and
judgement
.
Istrina
Queen
of
Scythia
,
and
wife
to
King
Aripithes
,
instructed
her
son
Sythes
in
the
Greek
Tongue
,
as
witnesseth
Herodotus
,
Plutarch
in
Pericte
,
saith
,
That
Thargelia
was
a
woman
whom
Philosophy
solely
illustrated
:
as
likewise
Hyparchia
Greca
.
Laert.
Cornelia
was
the
wife
of
Africanus
,
and
mother
to
the
noble
family
of
the
Gracchi
,
who
left
behind
her
certain
Epistles
most
elaborately
learned
.
From
her
as
from
a
fountain
,
〈◊〉
the
innate
eloquence
of
her
children
,
therefore
Quintil.
thus
saith
of
her
;
We
are
much
bound
to
the
Mother
or
Matron
,
Cornelis
,
for
the
eloquence
of
the
Gracchi
,
whose
〈…〉
learning
in
her
exquisite
Epistles
she
hath
bequeathed
to
posterity
.
The
same
Author
speaking
of
the
daughters
of
Laelius
and
Quint.
Hortensius
,
useth
these
words
,
The
daughters
of
Laelius
is
said
in
her
phrase
to
have
refined
and
excelled
the
eloquence
of
her
father
;
but
the
daughter
of
Q.
Hortensius
,
to
have
exceeded
her
Sex
in
honor
.
So
likewise
the
facundity
of
the
two
Lyciniaes
flowed
hereditarily
from
their
Father
,
L.
Crassus
,
as
the
two
daughters
of
Mutia
inherited
the
learning
of
either
parent
.
Fulvia
the
wife
of
M.
Antonius
was
not
instructed
in
womanish
cares
and
offices
,
but
as
Volater
.
lib.
16.
Antrop
.
reports
of
her
,
rather
to
direct
Magistracies
,
and
govern
Empires
:
she
was
first
the
wife
of
Curio
.
Statius
Papinius
was
happy
in
a
wife
called
Claudia
,
excellent
in
all
manner
of
learning
.
Amalasuntha
Queen
of
the
Ostrogoths
,
the
daughter
of
Theodoricus
King
of
those
Ostrogoths
in
Italy
,
was
elaborately
practised
in
the
Greek
and
Latin
Tongues
,
she
spake
distinctly
all
the
barbarous
languages
that
were
used
in
the
Eastern
Empires
,
Fulgos
.
lib.
8.
cap.
7.
Zenobia
(
as
Volateran
.
speaks
from
Pollio
)
was
Queen
of
the
Palmirians
,
who
after
the
death
of
Odenatus
,
governed
the
Kingdome
of
Syria
under
the
Roman
Empire
:
she
was
nominated
amongst
the
thirty
Tyrants
,
and
usurped
in
the
time
of
Gallenus
;
but
after
being
vanquished
in
battel
by
the
Emperor
Aurelianus
,
was
led
in
triumph
through
Rome
,
but
by
the
clemency
of
that
Prince
,
she
was
granted
a
free
Pallace
scituate
by
the
river
of
Tyber
,
where
she
moderately
and
temperately
demeaned
her selfe
:
she
is
reported
to
be
of
that
chastity
,
that
she
never
enterteined
her
husband
in
the
familiar
society
of
her
bed
,
but
for
issues
sake
and
procreation
of
children
,
but
not
from
the
time
that
she
found
her
conception
,
till
her
delivery
:
she
used
to
be
adored
after
the
majestick
state
and
reverence
done
to
the
great
Sophies
of
Persia
.
Being
called
to
the
hearing
of
any
publick
Oration
,
she
still
appeared
with
her
head
armed
,
and
her
helmet
on
,
in
a
purple
mantle
buckled
upen
her
with
rich
jems
;
she
was
of
a
clear
and
shril
voice
,
magnanimous
and
haughty
in
all
her
undertakings
,
most
expert
in
the
Aegyptian
and
Greek
Tongues
,
and
not
without
merit
numbred
amongst
the
most
learned
and
wisest
Queens
.
Besides
divers
other
works
,
she
composed
the
Orientall
and
Alexandrian
History
.
Hermolaus
and
Timolus
her
two
sons
,
in
all
manner
of
disciplines
she
liberally
instructed
,
of
whose
deaths
it
is
not
certain
,
whether
they
died
by
the
course
of
nature
,
or
by
the
violent
hand
of
the
Emperor
.
Olympia
Fulvia
Morata
,
was
the
ornament
and
glory
of
our
later
times
,
the
daughter
of
Fulv.
Moratus
Montuanus
,
who
was
tutor
in
the
Arts
to
Anna
,
P●ince
of
Ferrara
,
she
was
the
wife
of
Andreas
Gunthlerus
,
a
famous
Physitian
in
Germany
,
she
writ
many
and
elaborate
works
in
either
tongue
;
at
length
in
the
year
of
our
Lord
1555
in
the
month
of
October
,
being
of
the
age
of
twenty
nine
years
she
died
of
Hedelburgh
.
Saint
Helena
may
amongst
these
be
here
aptly
registred
;
for
thus
Stow
,
Harding
Fabian
,
and
all
our
modern
Chroniclers
report
of
her
:
Constantius
a
great
Roman
Consul
,
was
sent
into
Britain
to
demand
the
tribute
due
unto
Rome
,
immediately
after
whose
arivall
,
before
he
could
receive
an
answer
of
his
Embassie
,
Coil
who
was
then
King
died
,
therefore
the
Britains
the
better
to
establish
their
peace
,
dealt
with
the
Roman
Embassador
to
take
to
wife
Helena
,
the
daughter
of
the
late
deceased
King
,
a
young
Lady
of
an
attractive
beauty
,
adorned
with
rare
gifts
and
endowments
of
the
Mind
,
namely
,
Learning
and
Vertue
;
the
motion
was
no
sooner
made
,
but
accepted
,
so
that
Constantius
having
received
the
Brittish
tribute
,
returned
with
his
new
Bride
to
Rome
,
and
was
after
by
the
Senate
constituted
chiefe
Ruler
of
this
Kingdome
.
After
twenty
years
quiet
and
peacefull
government
(
which
was
thought
her
wisedome
)
Constantius
died
,
and
was
buried
at
York
:
in
his
time
was
S●
Albon
married
at
Verolam
,
since
called
St.
Albons
,
as
John
L●dgate
Monk
of
Buty
testifies
,
who
in
English
heroical
verse
compiled
his
History
:
Constantius
(
saith
he
)
the
younger
succeded
his
father
Constantius
,
as
wel
in
the
Kingdome
of
England
,
as
divers
other
Provinces
,
a
noble
and
valiant
Prince
,
whose
mother
was
a
woman
religious
,
and
of
great
sanctimony
;
this
young
Prince
was
born
in
Britain
and
proved
so
mighty
in
exploits
of
war
,
that
in
time
be
purchased
the
name
of
Magnus
,
and
was
stiled
Constantine
the
Great
,
a
noble
protector
and
defender
of
the
true
Christian
Faith
.
In
the
sixt
year
of
his
reign
he
came
with
a
potent
Army
against
Maxentius
,
who
with
grievous
tributes
and
exactions
then
vexed
and
oppressed
the
Romans
:
and
being
upon
his
match
,
he
saw
in
a
vision
by
night
,
the
sign
of
the
Cross
in
the
air
like
fire
,
and
an
Angel
by
it
,
thus
saying
,
Constantine
,
in
hoc
signo
vinces
,
i.
Constantine
,
in
this
sign
thou
shalt
conquer
and
overcome
;
with
which
being
greatly
comforted
,
he
soon
after
invaded
and
defeated
the
army
of
Maxentius
,
who
flying
from
the
battel
,
was
wretchedly
drowned
in
the
river
Tiber.
In
this
interim
of
his
glorious
victory
,
Helena
the
mother
of
Constantine
being
on
pilgrimage
at
Jerusalem
,
there
found
the
Crosse
on
which
the
Saviour
of
the
world
was
crucified
,
with
the
three
nails
on
which
his
hands
and
feet
were
pierced
.
Ranulphus
amplifies
this
story
of
Helena
,
somewhat
larger
after
this
manner
,
That
when
Constantine
had
surprized
Maxentius
,
his
mother
was
then
in
Brittain
,
and
hearing
of
the
successe
of
so
brave
a
conquest
,
she
sent
him
a
letter
,
with
great
thanks
to
heaven
,
to
congratulate
so
fair
and
wished
a
Fortune
;
but
not
yet
being
truly
instructed
in
the
Christian
Faith
,
she
commended
him
that
he
had
forsaken
idolatry
,
but
blamed
him
that
he
worshipped
and
beleeved
in
a
man
that
had
been
nalled
to
the
Cross
.
The
Emperor
wrote
again
to
his
mother
,
That
she
should
instantly
repair
to
Rome
,
and
bring
with
her
the
most
learned
Jewes
and
wisest
Doctors
,
of
what
faith
or
beleefe
soever
,
to
hold
disputation
in
their
presence
concerning
the
truth
of
Religion
.
Helena
brough
with
her
to
the
number
of
seven
score
Jewes
and
others
,
against
whom
Saint
Silvester
was
only
opposed
.
In
this
controversie
the
misbeleevers
were
all
nonplust
and
put
to
silence
.
It
hapned
that
a
Jewish
Cabalist
among
them
spake
certain
words
in
the
ear
of
a
mad
wild
Bull
that
was
broke
loose
&
run
into
the
presence
where
they
were
then
assembled
;
those
words
were
no
sooner
uttered
,
but
the
beast
sunk
down
without
motion
,
and
instantly
died
;
at
which
accident
,
the
judges
that
sate
to
hear
the
disputation
,
were
all
astonished
,
as
wondring
by
what
power
that
was
done
.
To
whom
Silvester
then
spake
,
What
this
man
hath
done
is
only
by
the
power
of
the
devil
,
who
can
kil
but
not
restore
unto
life
,
but
it
is
God
only
that
can
slay
and
make
the
same
body
revive
again
;
so
Lyons
,
and
other
wild
beasts
of
the
Forrest
can
wound
and
destroy
,
but
not
make
whole
what
is
before
by
them
perished
:
then
(
saith
he
)
if
he
will
that
I
beleeve
with
him
,
let
him
raise
that
beast
to
life
in
Gods
name
,
which
he
hath
destroied
in
the
devils
name
.
But
the
Jewish
Doctor
attempted
it
in
vain
,
when
the
rest
turning
to
Silvester
,
said
,
If
thou
by
any
power
in
Heaven
or
Earth
canst
call
back
again
the
life
of
this
beast
,
which
is
now
banished
from
his
body
,
we
wil
beleeve
with
thee
in
that
Deity
,
by
whose
power
so
great
a
miracle
can
be
done
.
Silvester
accepted
of
their
offer
,
and
falling
devoutly
on
his
knees
,
made
his
praiers
unto
the
Saviour
of
the
world
,
and
presently
the
beast
started
up
upon
his
feet
;
by
which
Constantius
was
confirmed
,
Helena
converted
,
&
al
the
Jews
and
other
Pagan
Doctors
received
the
Christian
Faith
,
and
were
after
baptized
:
and
after
this
,
and
upon
the
same
occasion
,
Helena
undertook
to
seek
and
find
out
the
Cross
.
Ambrose
and
others
say
she
was
an
Inne-keepers
daughter
at
Treverent
in
France
,
and
that
the
first
Constantius
travelling
that
way
,
married
her
for
her
beauty
;
but
our
Histories
of
Britain
affirm
her
to
be
the
fair
,
chast
,
and
wise
daughter
of
King
Coil
,
before
remembred
.
The
perfections
of
the
mind
are
much
above
the
transitory
gifts
of
Fortune
,
much
commendable
in
women
,
and
a
dowry
far
transcending
the
riches
of
gold
&
jewels
.
Great
Alexander
refused
the
beautiful
daughter
of
Darius
,
who
would
have
brought
with
her
Kingdomes
for
her
Dower
,
and
infinite
treasures
to
boot
,
and
made
choice
of
Barsine
,
who
brought
nothing
to
espouse
her
with
,
save
her
feature
,
and
that
she
was
a
scholer
;
and
though
a
Barbarian
,
excellently
perfect
in
the
Greek
tongue
,
who
though
poor
,
yet
derived
her
pedigree
from
Kings
:
And
upon
that
ground
,
Lycurgus
instituted
a
Law
,
That
women
should
have
no
Dowers
allotted
them
,
that
men
might
rather
acquire
after
their
Vertues
,
then
their
Riches
,
and
women
likewise
might
the
more
laboriously
imploy
themselves
in
the
attaining
to
the
height
of
the
best
and
noblest
Disciplines
.
It
is
an
argument
that
cannot
be
too
much
amplified
,
to
encourage
Vertue
and
discourage
Vice
,
to
perswade
both
men
and
women
to
instruct
their
minds
more
carefully
then
they
would
adorn
their
bodies
,
and
strive
to
heap
and
accumulate
the
riches
of
the
Soul
,
rather
then
hunt
after
pomp
,
Vain
glory
,
and
the
wretched
wealth
of
the
world
;
the
first
being
everlastingly
permanent
,
the
last
,
dayly
and
hourly
subject
to
corruption
and
mutability
.
Horace
in
his
first
Epistle
to
Mecaenas
saith
:
Vitius
Argentum
est
Auro
,
virtutibus
Aurum
.
Silver
is
more
base
and
cheap
then
Gold
,
and
Gold
then
Vertue
.
To
encourage
which
in
either
Sex
,
Plautus
in
Amphit
.
thus
saies
:
Virtus
praemium
est
optimum
,
virtus
omnibus
Rebus
anteit
profecto
,
&c.
Vertue
's
the
best
reward
,
and
before
all
Justly
to
be
preferr'd
.
That
which
we
call
Liberty
,
Life
,
our
Parents
,
Children
,
Wealth
,
Our
Country
,
Reputation
,
Honour
,
Health
,
By
this
are
kept
(
though
by
the
bad
despis'd
)
"
All
that
is
good
,
in
Vertue
is
compris'd
.
Moreover
,
all
that
are
Noble
,
Vertuous
,
Learned
,
Chast
,
and
Pious
,
have
their
places
allotted
them
above
;
when
on
the
contrary
,
their
souls
are
buried
lower
in
the
locall
place
of
torment
,
then
their
souls
,
that
are
laid
to
sleep
i●
the
grave
.
At
the
blessednesse
of
the
good
,
and
future
glory
assigned
unto
them
,
Lucan
most
elegantly
aimed
at
,
lib.
9.
de
bello
Civili
,
where
he
thus
writes
:
Ac
non
in
Pharia
manes
jacuere
favilla
,
Nec
cinis
exiguus
tantum
compescuit
umbram
,
&c.
Which
I
thus
English
.
In
th'
Pharian
flames
the
bright
Soul
doth
not
sleep
,
Nor
can
so
small
a
Dust
and
Ashes
keep
So
great
a
Spirit
:
it
leaps
out
of
the
fire
,
And
leaving
the
halfe
burnt
menbers
,
doth
aspire
And
aims
up
to
the
place
where
Jove
resides
,
And
with
his
power
and
wisdome
all
things
guides
.
For
now
no
air
his
subtil
passage
bars
,
To
where
the
Axle-tree
turns
round
the
stars
,
And
in
that
vast
and
empty
place
which
lies
Betwixt
us
and
the
Moon
(
the
visible
skies
)
Th'
halfe
godded
Souls
inhabit
:
such
are
nam'd
There
,
whom
bright
fiery
Vertue
hath
inflam'd
,
And
were
of
pious
life
:
their
hopes
are
fair
,
Made
Citizens
and
Free-men
of
the
aire
,
And
such
redeem'd
from
all
that
was
infected
,
Are
now
within
th'
eternall
Orbs
collected
.
This
somewhat
more
illustrated
by
the
Tragick
Poet
Seneca
in
Hercule
Oeteo
,
thus
saying
:
Nunquam
Stigias
fertur
ad
undas
Inclita
Virtus
,
&c.
To
the
dark
and
Stigian
shades
,
Vertue
(
when
it
seeming
fades
)
Is
never
born
.
Then
,
O
you
chast
And
valiant
,
though
your
yeers
may
wast
,
No
limit
(
Time
)
to
that
can
give
,
It
Death
survives
;
then
ever
live
,
The
cruel
Fates
can
claim
no
due
,
Nor
the
black
Stigian
waves
in
you
:
But
when
wasted
Age
hath
spent
The
utmost
minute
Time
hath
lent
,
Then
glory
takes
in
charge
the
Spirit
,
And
guides
it
to
the
place
of
Merit
.
Let
these
serve
for
an
encouragement
to
Vertue
,
and
the
attaining
unto
all
commendable
Arts
and
Disciplines
,
by
which
the
Body
is
honoured
,
the
Soule
glorified
.
And
thus
I
take
leave
of
the
Female
Students
in
Theology
and
Philosophy
,
and
now
consequently
come
to
the
Poetesses
:
may
the
Muses
be
favourable
to
me
in
their
relation
.
Of
Poetry
.
HOrace
saith
,
Et
prodesse
solent
&
delectare
Poetae
,
In
Poets
there
is
both
pleasure
and
profit
,
who
are
for
the
most
part
(
I
mean
the
best
)
studious
for
the
pleasingest
phrase
,
and
most
moving
eloquence
.
From
hence
it
grew
that
those
of
the
first
age
,
first
instroduced
common
civility
,
and
humane
morality
amongst
men
,
reducing
them
from
irregular
and
brutish
conditions
,
into
a
mutuall
and
wel
govern'd
society
:
for
by
pleasant
and
delightfull
language
refined
upon
the
vulgar
Barbarisme
,
they
first
drew
the
ears
of
the
ruder
people
to
attention
,
from
attention
to
instruction
,
and
by
instruction
to
practise
;
so
that
in
processe
of
time
,
by
their
smooth
and
gentle
perswasions
,
illustrated
with
facundity
and
eloquence
,
they
brought
them
from
voluptuousnesse
to
temperance
,
from
the
fields
into
houses
,
from
living
in
villages
,
to
walled
Cities
,
and
by
degrees
,
from
edifying
of
houses
for
themselves
,
to
erect
Temples
to
the
gods
,
by
whose
adoration
it
impressed
a
reverend
fear
to
offend
them
:
and
so
consequently
reduced
them
from
rudenesse
to
a
more
formall
regularity
.
They
were
the
first
that
taught
them
shame
and
fear
;
shame
,
to
seem
bruitish
to
humauity
;
fear
,
to
appear
inhumane
before
a
deity
.
They
moderated
the
ferocity
of
their
minds
,
by
smooth
Orations
,
profitable
documents
,
and
learned
writings
;
and
the
more
to
insinuate
into
their
dul
underwanding
,
when
prose
seemed
unto
them
lesse
delightful
,
they
devised
verse
,
and
stil
as
one
kind
grew
stale
or
common
,
they
apprehended
new
,
and
thus
that
eloquence
that
before
lay
loose
and
scattered
,
was
first
contracted
within
feet
and
number
.
Then
when
the
vulgar
seemed
lesse
capable
of
deep
Sophisms
,
tending
to
morality
and
civil
government
,
and
therefore
their
graver
doctrines
appeared
to
their
ears
harsh
and
unpleasant
,
they
dealt
with
them
as
careful
fathers
use
to
doe
with
their
untoward
children
;
when
things
profitable
will
not
still
them
,
they
seek
to
still
them
with
toies
:
so
the
Poets
,
when
wholsome
food
would
not
taste
their
mouths
,
they
devised
sweet
meats
to
relish
their
pallats
,
finding
out
merry
and
delightful
tales
,
best
agreeable
with
their
itching
ears
:
comprehending
notwithstanding
,
golden
truths
in
leaden
fables
.
They
after
instituted
good
and
wholsome
lawes
,
to
incourage
the
good
,
and
deject
the
bad
;
to
raise
the
vertuous
and
wel
disposed
to
honor
,
and
to
punish
the
evil
doer
either
with
pennance
or
shame
:
then
came
the
industrious
man
to
be
first
distinguished
from
the
sloathful
,
and
the
thrifty
from
the
prodigal
:
things
were
no
more
made
common
,
every
man
eat
of
his
own
labor
,
and
what
he
earned
he
might
call
his
own
.
Hence
first
grew
industry
,
without
which
no
Common
weal
nor
publike
State
can
stand
.
And
these
and
much
greater
were
the
first
fruits
of
Poetry
,
now
in
this
age
so
much
despised
;
the
use
whereof
was
ancient
,
the
apprehension
divine
,
the
practise
commendable
,
and
the
name
rerevrent
.
There
is
a
sympathy
and
correspondence
betwixt
Poetry
and
Rhetorick
:
Apollo
is
god
of
the
fi●st
,
and
Mercury
the
Mecenas
of
the
second
;
which
●he
ancient
writers
the
better
to
signifie
unto
us
,
say
,
That
Apollo
acquainted
Mercury
with
the
Muses
,
and
Mercury
in
requital
first
invented
the
Harp
,
and
gave
it
to
Apollo
,
beeing
the
instrument
to
which
the
M●ses
most
delighted
to
sing
▪
as
if
they
more
plainly
would
have
said
,
A
Poet
cannot
be
excellent
unlesse
he
be
a
good
Rhetorician
,
nor
any
Rhetorician
attain
to
the
height
of
eloquence
,
unlesse
he
hath
first
laid
his
foundation
in
Poetry
.
They
are
two
excellencies
,
that
cannot
wel
exist
one
without
the
other
:
Poetry
is
the
elder
brother
,
and
more
plain
in
his
condition
:
Rhetorick
the
younger
,
but
more
crafty
in
his
profession
:
hence
it
comes
,
Poets
are
so
poor
,
and
Lawyers
so
rich
;
for
they
have
made
a
younger
brother
of
the
elder
,
and
possesse
all
the
Land
.
Besides
,
as
much
as
Apollo
is
excellent
above
Mercury
,
as
being
God
of
Light
,
of
Musick
,
of
Physick
,
of
Arts
,
&c.
and
the
other
God
of
Bargaining
,
Buying
,
Selling
,
of
Cozening
,
Theeving
,
and
of
Lies
;
so
far
doth
the
first
claim
due
priority
above
the
second
.
They
may
be
thus
distinguished
:
Poets
in
that
which
outwardly
appears
fabulous
,
colour
and
shadow
golden
truths
,
to
their
own
painful
studies
and
labour
,
and
to
the
pleasure
and
profit
of
others
:
But
many
Orators
,
under
seeming
truths
,
apparel
scandalous
fictions
,
aimed
only
at
their
own
benefit
,
to
the
impoverishing
of
others
,
and
many
times
stripping
them
out
of
a
fair
inheritance
:
I
speak
of
some
,
not
all
;
and
I
honour
the
Law
,
because
I
live
under
it
.
Poets
,
they
were
the
first
teachers
and
instructers
;
the
people
held
them
to
be
inspired
from
above
,
and
to
speak
as
from
the
mouths
of
the
gods
:
some
were
holy
,
as
Ennius
;
some
Divine
,
as
Homer
;
others
Prophets
,
as
having
the
name
of
Vates
conferred
upon
them
:
and
amongst
these
,
may
be
numbred
the
Sybils
,
the
Priests
of
Apollo
,
and
such
as
belonged
to
all
the
other
Oracles
.
Of
the
Poets
there
were
many
sorts
,
and
such
as
writ
in
divers
kinds
,
yet
all
these
imitated
at
least
(
if
not
equalled
)
by
women
.
There
were
such
as
were
call'd
Physiologi
,
that
Poetised
in
Physick
as
Palephatus
Atheniensis
,
Pronopides
,
Xenophanes
,
Coliphonius
,
and
others
;
there
were
Poetae
Mathematici
,
that
writ
of
the
Mathematicks
,
as
Ma
Manilius
,
Thales
Milesius
,
Aratus
,
Solensis
,
&c.
Poetae
Medici
,
as
Thaletas
Cretenses
,
Damocrates
,
Servilius
,
Andromachus
Cretensis
,
&c.
Poetae
Vates
,
or
Prophets
,
as
Moses
,
David
,
Jeremias
,
Isaiah
,
&c.
Poetae
Theologi
,
as
Solomon
,
Dantes
,
Alegerius
Florentinus
;
and
amongst
the
Heathens
,
Linus
Chalcedensis
,
Pyerius
,
Thamyras
,
Amphion
,
Orpheus
,
&c.
There
are
besides
,
Ethici
,
Impudici
,
Historici
,
Mechanici
,
Epici
,
Heroici
,
Eliogeographaei
,
Satyrici
,
Epigrammatographi
,
Comic●
,
Tragici
,
Mimographi
,
Histrionici
,
Melopaei
,
Lyrici
,
Melisi
,
●ambiei
,
Himnographi
:
and
amongst
these
,
not
any
whom
some
ingenious
women
,
in
one
age
or
other
,
hath
not
facetiously
imitated
.
I
am
loath
to
dwel
too
long
in
the
Proem
,
I
will
now
give
you
their
names
,
with
a
particular
of
their
works
,
who
have
been
in
many
or
most
of
these
eminent
.
Poetriae
,
Or
Women
Poets
.
OF
the
Sybils
,
the
Muses
,
Priests
,
and
Prophetesses
(
included
amongst
those
whom
we
called
Vates
)
I
have
already
spoken
at
large
;
I
now
proceed
to
others
.
Theano
Locrensis
was
so
called
,
as
born
in
the
City
of
Loc●is
:
she
writ
Hyms
and
Lyrick
Songs
;
she
was
also
a
musicall
Poetesse
,
such
as
were
called
Melicae
.
There
was
a
second
of
that
name
,
the
wife
of
Pythagoras
,
a
Poetesse
;
besides
a
third
,
called
Thuria
,
or
Metapontina
,
daughter
of
the
Poet
Lycophron
,
a
Pythagorist
,
and
wife
of
Caristius
,
or
Brantinus
Crotoniata
,
Teste
Suida
.
Nicostrata
was
otherwise
called
,
Carmentis
,
skilful
both
in
the
Greek
and
Latine
Dialect
;
of
a
quick
and
nimble
wit
,
and
conversant
in
divers
kinds
of
Learning
.
Sulpitia
lived
in
the
time
of
the
Emperor
Domitianus
,
her
husbands
name
was
Galenus
,
or
Gadenus
,
with
whom
she
lived
in
most
conjoined
wedlock
for
the
space
of
fifteen
years
.
Some
fragments
of
her
Poetry
I
have
read
,
inserted
amongst
the
Works
of
Ausonius
.
Of
her
,
Martial
in
one
of
his
Epigram
,
lib.
10.
thus
writes
:
Oh
molles
tibi
quindecim
Calene
Quos
cum
Sulpitia
tua
jugales
Indulsit
Deus
&
peregit
annos
,
&c.
O
those
soft
fifteen
yeers
,
so
sweetly
past
,
Which
thou
Calenus
with
Sulpitia
hast
In
jugall
consociety
(
no
doubt
A
time
by
the
gods
favoured
and
pickt
out
)
O
every
Night
,
nay
Hour
mark'd
by
thy
hand
With
some
rich
stone
,
fetch'd
from
the
Indian
strand
,
What
wars
,
what
combats
have
betwixt
you
been
(
But
to
your
Bed
and
Lamp
)
not
known
or
seen
Of
any
.
Happy
Bed
,
and
Tapers
grace
,
Made
of
sweet
Oils
,
whose
smoak
perfumes
the
place
.
Thrice
five
yeers
thou
hast
liv'd
(
Calenu●
)
thus
,
Reckoning
by
that
account
thine
Age
to
us
:
So
to
compute
thy
yeers
,
is
thy
great'st
pride
,
No
longer
to
have
liv'd
then
with
thy
Bride
.
Were
Atropos
at
thy
entreats
content
To
give
thee
back
one
day
so
sweetly
spent
,
Thou
at
a
higher
rate
wouldst
prize
that
one
,
Then
four
times
Nestors
Age
,
to
live
alone
.
This
Epigram
hath
expressed
the
love
of
Calenus
to
Sulpitia
,
the
husband
to
the
wife
:
but
in
35
of
the
same
book
,
her
pious
Love
,
chast
Muse
,
and
Beauty
,
the
same
Author
hath
most
elegantly
illustrated
,
his
words
be
these
:
Omnes
Sulpitiam
legant
puellae
Vno
quae
cupiunt
viro
p●acere
,
Omnes
Sulpitiam
legant
mariti
,
Vnae
qua
cup●unt
placere
nuptae
,
&c.
All
women
〈◊〉
Sulpitia
,
such
as
can
,
In
their
desires
betake
them
to
one
man
;
All
husbands
read
Sulpitia
,
such
whose
life
Can
be
contented
with
one
single
wife
.
She
never
spake
of
mad
Medeas
sin
,
Nor
why
Thyestes
Banquet
was
serv'd
in
;
It
never
with
her
pure
thoughts
could
agree
,
A
Scilla
or
a
Biblis
there
could
be
:
Save
chast
and
pious
Loves
she
did
not
write
,
Yet
mixt
with
modest
pleasures
and
delight
.
Her
Verses
who
shall
read
and
read
again
,
And
sift
them
well
,
shall
find
them
without
slain
:
Such
were
the
words
divine
Egeria
spake
(
The
wife
of
N●ma
)
when
she
did
betake
Her self
to
solitude
.
Had
S●pho
been
Tutor'd
by
her
,
her
Poems
read
and
seen
,
More
chast
sh'
had
been
,
with
greater
Art
endu'd
:
Or
had
rude
Phaon
these
together
view'd
,
And
both
their
beauties
well
observ'd
and
noted
;
He
that
left
her
,
had
on
Sulpitia
doted
,
&c.
Seneca
speaks
of
one
Michaele
,
a
she
Centaur
,
who
in
an
●legant
Poem
,
instructed
the
Thessalians
in
the
Remedy
of
Love
whom
Ovid
in
his
Remedium
Amor●s
,
is
said
to
have
imitated
.
Aristophanes
(
as
also
Suidas
)
speak
of
one
Charix●na
,
the
Author
of
many
excellent
works
:
amongst
others
▪
she
writ
a
Poem
called
Crumata
.
Caelius
,
lib.
8.
cap.
1
speaks
of
Musae●
an
Epigramma●ist
,
in
which
kind
she
was
eminent
;
besides
,
she
composed
sundry
Lyricks
.
Textor
remembers
us
of
one
Moeroe
,
who
(
besides
her
other
works
)
is
most
celebra●ed
for
a
Hymn
to
Neptune
.
Manto
was
the
daughter
of
Tyresia
,
the
Propheresse
;
of
her
,
the
famous
City
Mantua
took
name
she
was
not
only
a
Poetesse
,
but
famous
for
her
D●vinations
,
for
by
the
entrails
of
beasts
,
she
could
foretel
things
to
come
,
Textor
.
Cornisicia
was
the
sister
of
the
Poet
Cornisicius
,
and
famous
for
many
excellent
Epigrams
.
Luccia
〈◊〉
(
as
Pliny
reports
of
her
)
was
a
writer
of
Comedies
,
in
which
practice
she
continued
no
lesse
then
an
hundred
years
.
Amongst
the
Poets
,
Cassandra
the
Prophe●esse
(
daughter
to
●riam
and
Hecuba
)
is
also
numbred
.
〈◊〉
Hermonaicus
(
〈◊〉
Camelion
saith
)
writes
of
a
Poetesse
called
Megalostrate
,
beloved
of
the
Poet
Al●mon
,
he
that
first
devised
the
amatorious
Verse
,
in
which
was
expressed
all
lascivious
intemperance
(
which
some
attribute
to
Thamyris
,
as
their
first
inventor
;
)
she
,
Amatores
vel
ipsis
colloquiis
ad
se
trahere
potuit
,
i.
She
with
her
very
discourse
could
attract
lovers
:
she
was
tearmed
Flava
Megalostrate
.
Athenae
.
lib.
13
cap.
16.
Polla
Argentaria
was
wife
to
the
famous
Poet
,
Lucan
,
and
hath
a
merited
place
in
this
Catalogue
;
of
whom
Martial
thus
speaks
:
Haec
est
illa
dies
,
quae
magni
conscia
partus
Lucanum
populis
,
&
tibi
Polla
dedit
.
This
day
of
that
great
birth
made
conscious
is
,
Which
gave
him
to
the
world
,
and
made
thee
his
.
She
was
reputed
to
be
of
that
excellent
learning
,
that
she
assisted
her
husband
in
the
three
first
books
,
entituled
,
Pharsalia
.
Her
,
Stasius
lib.
2.
Sylv.
thus
remembers
:
Hae●
Castae
titulum
decusque
Polla
.
She
likewise
writ
excellent
Epigrams
.
As
much
as
Statius
of
her
,
Plin.
Secundus
speaks
of
his
wife
Calphurnia
,
Fulgos
.
lib.
8.
cap
3.
Aspasia
Milesia
,
the
beloved
of
Pericles
,
as
she
was
otherwise
learned
,
she
is
likewise
numbred
amongst
the
Poet
;
some
of
whose
Verses
are
remembred
by
Athenaeus
.
Hedyle
was
the
mother
of
Hedylogus
Samius
(
who
by
the
same
Athenaeus
,
lib.
4.
Dypnoph
.
hath
allotted
him
a
place
amongst
the
Poets
,
she
was
the
daughter
of
Moschina
Attica
,
that
writ
lambicks
.
This
Hedyle
composed
a
Poem
,
inscribed
Scylla
;
she
made
another
,
called
,
The
Loves
of
Glaucus
.
Sosipatra
(
as
Eugapius
Volaterran
.
relates
)
was
a
woman
practised
in
many
kinds
of
Disciplines
,
and
so
excellent
in
all
her
studies
,
that
she
was
said
to
be
educated
by
the
gods
.
Thymele
was
a
Poetesse
that
first
introduced
Dances
into
the
Scene
,
which
the
Greeks
from
her
call
Dumelin
,
i.
The
place
which
is
only
free
for
the
Actors
.
Of
her
,
Martial
thus
speaks
:
Quae
Thymele
spectas
derisoremque
Latinum
.
Suidas
writes
,
That
Thymele
was
an
Altar
frequently
used
in
the
Theaters
,
which
from
her
borrowed
the
name
.
Hildegardis
Moguntina
was
eminent
both
for
Learning
and
Piety
;
insomuch
,
that
from
her
very
child-hood
she
seemed
inspired
from
above
.
Eugenius
the
third
,
in
the
Council
held
at
Tryer
(
where
Doctor
Bernard
was
then
present
)
approved
her
Works
:
she
flourished
in
the
yeare
of
Grace
,
1188.
Of
Clitagora
Lacedemonia
,
Aristophanes
speaks
much
;
but
Stravo
in
Homerica
Iliade
,
more
of
Hesteia
Alexandria
.
Avyle
writ
Epigrams
against
Themistocles
,
with
verses
upon
Birds
,
which
are
read
unto
this
day
.
Myrtis
Authedonia
in
a
Poem
,
expressed
the
death
of
the
Damosel
Ochne
,
who
had
been
before
the
destruction
of
the
Heroe
Ennostus
.
Praxilla
Siconia
,
flourished
in
the
32
Olympiad
,
whom
Antipater
Thessatus
give
:
the
first
place
unto
,
amongst
the
nine
Lyrick
Poets
:
She
writ
Dithycambi
,
and
a
Work
which
was
called
by
her
Metrum
Praxillium
.
She
called
Adonis
from
Hell
,
to
demand
of
him
what
was
most
beautiful
in
Heaven
:
who
answered
,
The
Sun
,
the
Moon
,
Figs
,
Apples
,
Cucumbers
:
That
and
such
like
was
the
Subject
of
her
Poem
;
of
which
grew
a
proverb
against
Lunaticks
and
mad
men
,
every
such
was
called
Praxilla's
Adonis
.
Nossis
the
Poetresse
was
the
composer
of
Greek
Epigrams
,
and
is
by
Antipater
numbred
with
Praxilla
amongst
the
Lyricks
.
Myro
Bizantia
,
she
writ
Elegies
,
and
such
as
the
Greeks
call
Melae
,
or
Musical
Poems
:
she
is
said
to
be
the
mother
of
Homer
,
and
reckoned
one
of
the
seven
Pleiades
,
the
daughters
of
Atlas
:
she
was
the
wife
of
Andromachus
,
an
illustrious
Philosopher
.
Pamphilus
her
Statue
was
erected
,
which
(
as
Facianus
witnesseth
)
was
made
by
Cephisiodotus
.
Damophila
was
the
wife
of
the
Philosopher
:
she
was
a
friend
to
Sapho
,
and
lover
,
whom
in
all
her
Poems
she
strived
to
imitate
.
Her
Hymns
were
sung
at
the
sacrifices
which
were
celebrated
to
Diana
Pergaea
,
after
the
manner
of
the
Aetolians
and
Pamphilians
.
She
writ
moreover
certain
books
,
which
she
titled
,
Libri
Amatorii
.
Of
Minerva
,
&c.
MInerva
the
daughter
of
Jupiter
,
was
for
no
other
reason
numbred
amongst
the
gods
,
but
for
her
excellency
and
cunning
in
Poetry
and
other
good
arts
,
of
which
she
is
said
to
be
the
first
inventresse
.
From
her
the
ancient
Athenians
have
borrowed
the
immortality
of
their
name
.
Next
her
we
reckon
the
Corinnas
.
There
were
three
of
that
name
:
The
first
,
called
Corinna
Thebana
,
or
Tanagraea
;
she
was
the
daughter
of
Archelodorus
and
Procratia
,
and
scholler
to
Myrt●s
:
she
in
severall
contentions
five
sundry
times
bo●e
away
the
Palm
from
Pindarus
,
Prince
of
the
Lyrick
P●ets
▪
she
moreover
published
five
books
of
Epigrams
:
of
her
Propertius
speaks
.
The
second
was
called
Corinna
Thespia
,
she
is
much
celebrated
in
the
books
of
the
ancient
Poets
,
especially
by
Statius
.
The
third
lived
in
the
time
of
Augustus
,
and
was
to
Ovid
much
endeared
,
but
of
her
wantonnesse
than
her
Muse
,
there
is
more
memory
extant
.
I
come
to
speak
next
of
Erinna
,
who
was
sirnamed
Teia
,
or
(
as
some
wil
have
it
)
Telia
of
the
Island
Telos
,
not
far
distant
from
Gnidon
,
she
flourished
in
the
time
of
Dion
of
Syracusa
,
and
published
an
excellent
Poem
in
the
Dorick
Tongue
,
comprized
in
three
hundred
Verses
,
besides
divers
other
Epigrams
,
her
stile
was
said
to
come
neer
the
majesty
of
Homers
,
she
died
when
she
was
but
nineteen
yeers
of
age
.
Damophila
was
a
Greek
Poetesse
,
and
the
wife
of
Pamphilus
,
she
was
Cousin-german
and
companion
with
Sapho
,
Lyrica
Po●tria
,
she
writ
many
Poems
that
were
called
Poemata
Amatoria
,
because
their
argument
was
meerly
of
love
:
one
Poem
she
writ
in
the
praise
of
Diana
,
for
so
much
Theophrastus
in
the
life
of
Apollonius
,
remembers
of
her
▪
Hyppatia
was
a
woman
of
Alexandria
,
the
daughter
of
Theon
the
Geometrician
,
and
wife
to
Isidorus
the
Philosopher
,
she
flourished
in
the
time
of
the
Emperor
Arcadius
,
she
writ
certain
books
of
Astronomy
,
and
was
froquent
in
divers
kind
,
of
Poetry
:
she
purchased
her selfe
much
fame
for
her
learning
,
insomuch
,
that
she
engrossed
a
great
confluence
of
Auditors
in
the
City
of
Alexandria
where
she
professed
.
Suidas
apud
Volaterran
.
Sapho
.
ELianus
affirms
her
to
be
the
daughter
of
Scamandroni●●
;
Plato
of
Ariston
;
Suidas
and
other
Greek
writers
deliver
to
us
that
there
were
two
of
that
name
,
the
one
called
●rixia
,
a
much
celebrated
Poetesse
(
who
flourished
in
the
time
of
the
Poet
Alcaeus
,
of
Pittachus
,
and
Tarquinius
Priscus
)
who
first
devised
the
use
of
the
Lyre
or
Harp
,
with
a
quil
;
some
give
her
the
honor
to
be
the
inventor
of
the
Lyrick
verse
:
the
other
was
called
Sapho
Mitelaena
,
long
after
her
who
was
a
singer
and
a
strumpet
,
she
published
●ny
rare
and
famous
Poems
amongst
the
Greeks
,
and
therefore
had
the
honor
to
be
called
the
tenth
Muse
;
the
reason
why
she
fell
in
love
with
Phaon
,
Pliny
attributes
to
the
vertue
of
an
herb
,
but
Baptista
Egnatius
,
a
later
writer
,
and
exquisite
both
in
the
Greek
and
Latin
tongues
,
in
tran●ferring
this
fable
from
the
originall
into
the
Roman
tongue
,
as
likewise
others
of
his
opinion
,
conclude
,
that
Phao●
was
of
the
profession
of
such
as
get
their
living
by
transporting
passengers
from
one
side
of
a
river
unto
another
,
a
plain
Ferry-man
,
and
that
it
hapned
upon
a
time
that
Venus
comming
to
the
place
where
he
kept
his
passage
,
without
demanding
any
hire
,
he
gave
●ot
free
transportage
,
not
knowing
to
whom
it
was
he
did
that
courtesie
,
no
way
suspecting
she
had
been
a
goddesse
:
This
,
Venus
took
so
gratefully
,
that
she
thought
to
requite
his
freenesse
,
with
a
bounty
far
transcending
the
value
of
his
pain●
.
She
therefore
gave
him
an
alabaster
box
ful
of
a
most
pretious
unguent
(
teaching
him
how
to
apply
it
)
with
which
he
no
sooner
annointed
his
face
,
but
he
instantly
became
of
all
mo●●●ll
creatures
the
most
beautifull
,
of
whom
the
Le●bian
damosels
grew
enamoured
,
but
especially
he
was
ardently
and
most
affectionately
beloved
of
Sapho
.
Saphon
having
occasion
to
passe
from
Lesbos
into
Sicily
,
she
was
tortured
in
soul
for
his
absence
,
intimating
that
it
was
done
in
despight
or
disgrace
of
her
;
first
purposed
to
cast
her selfe
from
Leucate
,
a
high
promontory
in
Epyre
,
down
into
the
Sea
,
which
she
after
did
;
yet
before
she
would
attempt
it
,
she
first
in
an
Epistle
thought
by
all
the
allurements
of
a
womans
wit
,
to
call
him
back
again
into
his
Country
,
which
Ovid
in
her
behalfe
most
feelingly
hath
exprest
.
And
since
it
lies
so
fi●ly
in
my
way
for
the
opening
of
the
History
,
I
thus
give
it
English
,
Ecquid
ut
aspecta
est
,
&c.
Is
it
possible
as
soon
as
thou
shalt
see
My
character
,
thou
know'st
it
comes
from
me
?
〈…〉
not
reading
of
the
authors
name
,
Couldst
thou
have
known
from
whom
this
short
work
came
?
Perhaps
thou
maist
demand
,
Why
in
this
vain
I
court
thee
,
that
prof●sse
the
Lyrick
strain
?
My
love
's
to
be
bewept
,
and
that
's
the
reason
:
No
[
*
](A43596-e139910-b)
*
Barbi●os
,
id
est
,
Carmen
Lyricum
.
Barbit
number
suits
this
tragick
season
.
I
burn
as
doth
the
corn-fields
set
on
fire
,
When
the
rough
East
winds
still
blow
high
and
higher
,
Now
Phaon
the
Typhoean
fields
are
thine
,
But
greater
flames
then
Aetnas
are
now
mine
.
No
true
〈◊〉
numbers
flow
from
hence
,
(
The
empty
work
of
a
distracted
sense
.
)
The
P●rhian
girle
,
nor
the
Methimman
lasse
Now
please
me
;
not
the
Lesbians
who
surpasse
.
V●le's
Amithon
,
vile
Cidno
too
,
the
fair
,
So
Atthis
that
did
once
appear
most
rare
,
And
hundreds
more
,
with
whom
my
sins
not
small
:
Wretch
,
thou
alone
enjoy'st
the
loves
of
all
.
Thou
hast
a
face
,
and
youth
,
fit
for
play
,
Oh
tempting
face
that
didst
mine
eies
betray
.
Take
Phoebus
Faith
upon
thee
,
and
his
bow
,
And
from
Apollo
who
can
Phaon
know
?
Take
borns
,
and
'bout
thy
temples
wreaths
of
vine
,
What
's
he
can
say
but
th'
art
the
god
of
Wine
?
Phoebus
lov'd
Daphne
,
Bacchus
G●osis
bright
,
Yet
neither
she
,
nor
she
,
could
Lyricks
write
.
The
nine
Muse-sisters
of
my
verse
dispose
,
And
what
my
numbers
are
the
whole
world
knowes
,
[
*
](A43596-e140240-b)
*
Alcaeus
a
Lyrick
Poet
of
My●elene
.
Nor
can
my
Country-man
Alcaeus
more
Then
I
,
though
he
in
age
stand
ranck'd
before
:
Nor
though
his
name
sound
louder
,
can
he
raise
Or
from
his
Lyre
,
or
Country
,
greater
praise
.
If
niggard
Nature
have
deni'd
things
fit
,
Yet
what
I
want
in
shape
,
I
have
in
wit
:
My
stature's
low
,
but
know
my
name
is
high
,
And
bruited
through
all
regions
far
and
nigh
.
I
am
not
fair
,
what
therein
do
I
lack
?
Andromeda
pleas'd
Perseus
,
yet
she
black
.
The
whitest
Doves
with
mingled
colors
make
,
And
the
black
turtle
the
Green-bird
take
.
If
none
can
be
thought
worthy
of
thy
love
,
But
such
as
shall
thy
like
in
beauty
prove
,
Young
man
despair
,
thou
art
for
ever
free
,
None
such
ere
was
,
none
such
shall
ever
be
.
When
first
thou
readst
my
Verses
▪
thou
didst
say
I
only
pleas'd
,
and
I
was
fair
that
way
,
That
I
became
my
phrase
,
and
(
none
so
well
)
Then
did
I
sing
(
we
lovers
,
all
must
tell
;
)
And
I
remember
,
thou
(
't
is
still
my
pride
)
At
every
note
didst
on
my
lips
divide
.
Nay
,
even
those
k●sses
pleas'd
thee
wondrous
well
.
But
most
of
all
,
when
I
beneath
thee
fell
,
My
wantonnesse
contented
thee
'bove
measure
,
My
nimble
motion
,
and
words
apt
for
pleasure
,
Then
when
in
confus'd
rapture
we
both
lay
,
Fulness
of
joy
depriv'd
all
use
of
play
.
Now
the
Sicilian
girls
are
thy
new
spoil
,
I
'll
be
of
them
,
and
leave
the
Lesbian
soil
.
You
[
*
](A43596-e140600-b)
*
Nisea
,
a
mountainous
country
neer
Aetna
.
Nisean
mothers
,
and
fair
daughters
,
bred
In
Sicilie
:
let
him
be
banished
From
forth
your
earth
,
nor
let
the
many
lies
The
smoothnesse
of
his
false
tongue
can
devise
,
Beguile
your
simple
truth
;
what
to
you
he
Speaks
uow
,
h'
hath
spoken
a
thousand
times
to
me
.
And
goddesse
[
*
](A43596-e140670-b)
*
Venus
called
so
of
Erix
,
a
mountain
Sicily
,
where
she
had
a
famous
Temple
.
Erecina
,
thou
that
do'st
The
barbarons
rude
Sicania
honor
most
,
Advise
thy
Poet
by
thy
wit
divine
,
And
give
me
counsel
,
since
thou
know'st
I
am
thine
.
Can
Fortune
in
this
bitter
course
still
run
?
Vowes
she
to
end
those
ills
she
hath
begun
?
Six
yeers
are
past
,
since
my
abortive
grones
Mourn'd
,
and
my
tears
wet
my
dead
Parents
bones
.
My
needy
[
*
](A43596-e140790-b)
*
Choranus
,
who
doted
on
the
famous
strumpet
,
Rhodope
,
whom
he
bought
of
Aesopus
for
a
great
sum
of
money
.
brother
(
as
a
second
crosse
)
Dotes
on
a
strumpet
,
suffring
shame
with
losse
,
Turn'd
Pirate
,
and
proves
the
seas
with
sail
and
oar
,
And
badly
seeks
wealth
,
lost
as
ill
before
.
Because
my
faithfull
counsell
(
that
course
rated
)
My
guerdon
is
,
that
I
by
him
am
hated
.
And
lest
my
endlesse
torments
should
find
ease
,
My
young
irregular
[
*
](A43596-e140900-b)
*
Claeis
,
a
wanton
daughter
to
Sapho
.
daughter
adds
to
these
:
The
last
and
great'st
cause
why
I
thus
miscarry
,
Thou
art
;
my
Ba●k
still
sails
with
winds
contrary
.
Behold
my
erst
well-ord'red
Locks
mis-plac'd
,
And
those
that
in
times
past
my
temples
grac'd
,
Neglected
are
,
as
if
they
were
not
mine
,
No
precious
gems
upon
my
fingers
shine
:
My
habit
's
vile
,
my
hair
no
crisp
in
wears
,
Nor
sm●ll
my
locks
of
sweet
Arabian
[
*
](A43596-e141010-b)
*
The
tears
of
M●rrha
,
with
which
they
used
to
perfume
their
hair
.
tears
,
Whom
should
I
seek
to
please
,
since
he
's
absent
,
That
was
sole
author
of
mine
ornament
?
My
soft
heart
is
with
easie
shafts
imprest
,
There
's
still
new
cause
to
lodge
love
in
my
breast
,
Either
because
the
Sisters
three
,
had
force
,
When
I
was
born
,
to
spin
my
thread
so
course
;
Or
this
,
my
studies
in
the
Arts
constrain
,
Since
〈◊〉
Thalia
doth
infuse
my
brain
.
What
wonder
if
a
youth
of
the
first
chin
Surprize
me
?
years
which
man
to
man
might
win
.
●was
afraid
,
lest
fair
Aurora
thou
For
Cephalus
wouldst
steal
him
,
and
I
now
Am
still
in
fear
,
for
surely
this
had
past
,
But
that
thy
first
love
holds
thee
still
so
fast
.
If
Phoebus
(
that
〈◊〉
all
things
)
thee
had
seen
,
Phaon
in
lasting
slumbers
cast
had
been
.
Venus
had
rapt
him
into
heaven
by
this
,
But
that
she
fear'd
Mars
would
have
made
him
his
.
Thou
,
that
no
child
,
yet
scarce
man
appears
,
(
Best
age
)
the
pride
and
glory
of
thy
years
,
Return
unto
my
bosome
,
since
of
thee
I
beg
not
love
,
but
that
thou
lov'd
would'st
be
.
Lo
as
I
write
,
tears
from
mine
eies
amain
Still
drop
,
behold
how
they
my
paper
stain
.
Thy
parting
had
been
gentler
(
in
words
few
)
Hadst
thou
but
said
,
Sweet
Lesbian
lasse
,
adue
.
Thou
took'st
with
thee
no
parting
kiss
,
no
tears
,
I
little
dream'd
I
was
so
neer
my
fears
.
Of
thine
,
save
wrong
,
I
nothing
have
,
no
more
Thou
(
let
that
move
thee
)
all
my
love
dost
store
:
I
gave
thee
no
command
,
nor
had
that
day
,
Vnlesse
some
such
,
Do
not
forget
me
,
pray
.
By
Love
that
never
can
forsake
that
breast
,
By
our
nine
sacred
sisters
I
protest
.
He
's
gone
,
when
some
(
but
who
I
know
not
)
said
,
For
a
long
space
both
words
and
tears
were
staid
,
Mine
eies
had
banisht
tears
,
and
grief
my
tongue
,
Through
cold
,
my
heart
unto
my
ribs
was
clung
,
(
My
grief
retir'd
)
I
gan
to
beat
my
breast
,
To
tear
my
hair
,
nor
blush
to
walk
undrest
;
Like
carefull
mothers
,
who
with
loud
exclaims
Bear
their
dead
children
to
their
funerall
flames
.
Charaxus
walks
by
laughing
to
and
fro
,
And
from
my
extasie
his
pleasures
grow
,
And
(
which
more
shame
unto
my
sorrowes
gives
)
Asks
why
this
woman
weeps
,
her
daughter
lives
?
But
Shame
and
Love
are
two
,
the
people
stare
To
see
my
garments
torn
,
and
breasts
unbare
,
Thou
Phaon
art
my
care
,
and
my
dreams
stay
,
Thee
fled
(
your
dreams
that
have
made
night
my
day
)
I
find
thee
there
,
though
absent
many
a
mile
,
But
O
,
my
dreams
last
but
a
little
while
.
Oft
think
I
that
thy
arms
my
neck
infold
,
As
likewise
these
two
are
with
thine
like
hold
.
I
know
thy
kisses
,
thy
tongue-sport
I
know
,
Which
thou
wast
wont
to
take
,
and
to
bestow
.
More
pleas'd
sometimes
,
words
(
like
to
truth
)
I
spake
,
And
to
thy
form
,
my
sences
are
awake
.
What
's
more
,
I
shame
to
tell
,
and
blush
to
write
,
Dreaming
all
done
,
may
perfect
our
delight
.
No
sooner
Titan
dons
his
golden
beams
,
And
with
them
all
things
sees
,
I
curse
my
dreams
:
Desarts
and
Dens
I
then
seek
,
as
if
they
Could
profit
me
(
●●nce
guilty
of
our
play
)
Madly
,
like
her
whom
mad
Erictho
bears
,
I
thither
●un
,
my
hair
's
faln
'bout
mine
ears
,
I
see
the
Caver●s
with
rough
gravel
strew'd
,
To
me
they
like
Mygdonian
Marble
shew'd
.
The
shades
I
find
that
gave
us
oft
our
rest
,
And
friendly
Herbage
,
by
our
burthen●
prest
.
Thee
(
master
of
those
Groves
and
me
)
no
place
Can
shew
me
,
therefore
they
appear
most
base
.
I
knew
the
very
flowers
where
we
have
line
,
Our
weights
have
made
their
upright
heads
decline
:
Where
thou
hast
falne
,
I
threw
me
in
that
place
,
But
first
the
gratefull
flowers
drink
from
my
face
.
The
boughes
despoil'd
,
a
sadnesse
seem
to
bring
,
And
on
their
top
most
branches
no
birds
sing
,
Only
the
[
*
](A43596-e141950-b)
*
Philomela
.
Daulian
bird
her
discontents
Chams
out
aloud
,
and
Itis
still
taments
;
Iris
the
bird
laments
,
Sapho
,
th'
affright
Of
Love
forsaken
:
so
we
spend
the
night
.
There
is
a
perfect
,
clear
,
and
Glasse-like
Well
,
Sacred
,
and
where
some
thinks
the
gods
do
dwell
,
O'r
which
the
wa●rie
[
*
](A43596-e142050-b)
*
Lothos
,
the
daughter
of
Neptune
,
turnd
into
a
〈◊〉
,
so
called
.
Lotos
spreads
her
bowes
,
The
ground
a
soft
and
gentle
turf
allowes
.
Here
as
I
lay
to
rest
me
(
drown'd
in
tears
)
One
of
the
Nayades
before
m'
appears
,
And
standing
,
thus
spake
:
Thou
that
scorcht
dost
lie
,
In
flames
unequall
,
to
[
*
](A43596-e142140-b)
*
Ambracia
,
a
City
in
Epire
,
so
called
of
King
Ambraces
.
Ambracia
flie
;
Hence
Phoebus
from
on
high
survives
the
sea
,
Some
,
Actium
cals
the
place
,
some
Leueate
.
Deucalion
from
this
rock
,
his
Pyrha
craves
(
First
seen
)
and
she
(
undanger'd
)
proves
the
waves
.
Here
Pyrha
prostitutes
to
his
desires
.
Deucalion
here
first
quencht
his
amorous
fires
.
The
place
the
same
law
keeps
:
climb
Leucats
crown
,
And
from
that
high
rock
fear
not
to
leap
down
.
This
spoke
,
she
vanisht
:
I
affrighted
rise
,
Whilst
my
wet
cheeks
are
moistned
by
mine
eies
.
Thither
let
's
run
Nymphs
,
till
that
Rock
appear
,
From
Love
distracted
we
should
banish
fear
.
Prove
how
it
can
,
much
better
than
you
see
It
hath
yet
chanc'd
,
it
needs
must
fall
to
me
.
And
gentle
Love
,
to
me
thy
feathers
lend
,
Still
to
support
me
,
as
I
shall
descend
,
Lest
being
dead
,
by
my
untimely
fall
,
Leucadia
for
my
sake
be
curst
of
all
.
Then
Phoebus
,
I
'll
bequeath
into
thine
hand
My
Harp
,
and
by
it
shall
this
Distick
stand
:
Sapho
,
thy
grateful
Poetesse
,
doth
assign
This
Lyre
to
thee
,
being
hers
as
well
as
thine
.
Why
dost
thou
send
me
to
Actia
hence
,
When
thou
maist
call
thy
exile
fool
from
thence
?
Safer
to
me
,
than
can
those
waters
prove
,
Thou
mai'st
,
so
Phoebus
did
he
Sapho
love
.
Canst
thou
(
O
harder
then
the
Rocks
)
endure
It
should
be
said
,
Thou
didst
my
death
procure
?
Thy
Sapho's
ruine
?
O
,
how
better
far
Were
it
these
breasts
,
that
now
disjoined
are
,
Should
friendly
meet
,
and
mutually
please
,
Than
mine
alone
be
swallow'd
in
the
Seas
?
These
are
the
breasts
thou
Phaon
once
didst
praise
,
Which
seen
,
they
fire
did
from
thy
coldnesse
raise
.
O
would
I
were
as
eloquent
as
then
,
But
sorrow
takes
all
fluence
from
my
Pen
,
So
might
my
brain
have
every
ill
withstood
:
But
now
my
passion
makes
nothing
seem
good
.
My
Verse
is
of
her
first
power
destitute
,
Silent's
my
Quill
,
my
Harp
with
sorrow
mute
.
You
Lesbian
Matrons
,
and
you
Lesbian
young
,
Whose
names
have
to
my
Lyre
been
oft
times
sung
.
You
for
whose
loves
my
fame
hath
suffred
wrong
,
No
more
in
troops
unto
my
Musick
throng
,
Phaon
hath
stole
all
that
you
nam'd
Divine
,
I
was
(
O
wretch
)
about
to
call
him
mine
.
Make
him
return
,
my
Muse
shall
then
retire
,
He
duls
my
wits
,
or
can
my
brain
inspire
.
Can
praiers
prevail
?
or
such
a
stubborn
mind
Be
softned
,
or
made
rougber
?
Shall
the
wind
Disperse
my
words
,
as
meerly
spoke
in
vain
?
Would
the
same
winds
could
bring
thee
back
again
,
That
mock
my
sighs
,
and
make
thy
sails
to
swell
,
It
were
a
work
that
would
become
thee
well
.
If
so
thou
mean'st
why
dost
thou
keep
away
From
all
those
vow'd
gifts
that
thy
comming
stay
?
Why
dost
thou
with
thy
absence
my
breast
teare
?
Loose
from
the
Haven
,
〈…〉
and
do
not
stear
,
She
's
Sea-born
Venus
call'd
,
and
therefore
still
She
makes
the
waves
calm
to
a
lovers
will
,
The
gracious
winds
shall
in
thy
course
prevail
,
And
bring
thee
safe
when
thou
art
under
sail
,
Even
Cupid
at
the
helm
shall
sit
and
stear
,
He
shall
di●rct
which
way
thy
course
to
beare
,
If
so
thou
please
thy
Sapho
shunn'd
must
be
,
Yet
thou
shalt
find
there
's
no
just
cause
in
me
:
At
lest
,
thy
cruell
answer
she
now
craves
,
To
end
her
fate
in
the
Leucadian
waves
.
From
that
Rock
,
she
cast
her selfe
headlong
into
the
Sea
,
and
so
perished
.
For
preposterous
and
forbidden
luxuries
which
were
imputed
unto
her
,
Horace
cals
her
Mascula
Sapho
;
yet
many
are
of
opinion
,
this
to
be
the
same
whom
Plato
tearms
the
Wise
:
of
her
,
Antipater
Sydonius
thus
writes
:
Dulcia
Mnemosine
demirans
carmina
Saphus
Quesierit
decima
Pyeris
unde
foret
.
Mnemosine
.
When
Sapho's
Verse
she
did
admiring
read
,
Demanded
whence
the
tenth
Muse
did
proceed
.
As
likewise
Ausonius
:
Leshia
Pyeriis
Sapho
soror
addita
Musis
.
i.
Lesbian
Sapho
,
a
Sister
added
to
the
Pyerian
Muses
.
Her
,
Papinius
and
Horace
,
with
many
others
,
celebrate
.
Of
Cleobule
Lindia
,
and
other
Poetesses
.
SHe
was
the
daughter
of
Cleobulus
Lindius
,
one
of
the
seven
wise
men
of
Greece
;
she
was
called
also
E●mite
,
and
Cleobulina
:
in
her
writing
,
she
imitated
her
fathe●
〈◊〉
was
eminent
for
Aenigmaes
,
and
Riddles
;
of
which
,
this
one
is
redeemed
from
oblivion
,
and
remembred
of
her
:
Est
unus
genitor
,
〈◊〉
sunt
pignora
〈◊〉
sex
,
His
quoque
trigima
natae
,
sed
dispar●
forma
Hae
niviae
aspectu
,
nig●●s
sunt
vultibu●s
illae
,
Sunt
immortales
omnes
,
mortuntur
&
omnes
.
One
father
hath
twelve
children
,
great
and
small
,
They
beget
thirty
daughters
,
unlike
all
,
Halfe
of
them
white
,
halfe
black
,
immortall
made
,
And
yet
we
see
how
every
hour
they
fade
.
Elpis
was
wife
of
the
famous
Philosopher
and
Poet
Boethius
Se●verinus
,
a
Roman
Patrician
,
she
was
by
Nation
a
Sicilian
of
an
elegan●
wit
and
capacious
invention
.
Many
of
her
Hymns
to
the
Apostles
are
yet
extant
:
one
began
,
Aurea
Luce
;
another
,
Foelix
per
omnes
mund●
cardines
,
i.
Thou
Feast
that
are
happy
in
being
celebrated
〈◊〉
all
the
Countries
of
the
world
.
Ranulphus
cals
her
the
daughter
to
the
King
of
Sicily
,
and
the
best
Writers
constantly
affirm
these
holy
songs
to
be
hers
,
witnesse
Gyraldus
Dialogo
5.
Histor.
Poe●
.
She
writ
her
Epitaph
with
her
own
hand
,
which
was
after
inscribed
upon
her
Tomb
,
which
I
thus
give
you
in
English
,
something
neer
to
Trevisa's
,
as
he
translated
it
from
Ranulphus
.
An
Epitaph
.
Elpis
my
name
,
me
Sicily
〈◊〉
bred
;
A
husbands
love
drew
me
from
hence
to
Rome
,
Where
I
long
liv'd
in
joy
,
but
now
lye
dead
,
My
soul
submitting
to
the
Almighties
doom
:
And
I
beleeve
this
flesh
again
shall
rise
,
And
I
behold
my
Savi●●
,
with
these
eies
.
Eudexia
,
or
Eud●cia
,
was
the
wife
of
the
Emperor
Theodosius
Junior
:
She
was
excellently
qualified
,
and
her
chief
delight
was
to
be
conversant
amongst
the
Muses
,
for
which
she
was
stiled
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
.
She
was
the
daughter
of
Leontius
,
of
no
higher
degree
then
a
Sophist
of
Athens
:
she
was
first
called
Athenais
,
but
after
being
married
to
the
Emperor
,
he
caused
her
to
be
baptized
by
Atticus
,
the
great
Bishop
of
Constantinople
,
and
for
Athenais
,
gave
her
the
name
of
Eudocia
,
which
much
pleased
the
Emperor
her
husband
.
Some
attribute
a
Centon
unto
her
,
of
Christ
the
Saviour
of
the
world
;
it
was
called
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
,
which
others
would
confer
upon
Proba
.
Cyrus
Panopolita
,
she
advanced
unto
the
Praetorship
,
Gyrald
,
ex
.
5.
Dialog.
Philenis
was
a
Strumpet
of
Leucadia
,
her
Verses
were
as
impurely
wanton
,
as
her
life
was
immodest
and
unchast
:
she
imitated
Elephantis
,
if
we
may
beleeve
Suidas
,
and
they
both
Astianassa
,
one
of
Hellens
maids
,
the
wife
to
Menelaus
.
She
was
the
first
that
devised
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
,
in
the
Venereal
Trade
,
and
left
certain
books
behind
her
,
of
Venereall
Copulation
.
This
you
may
read
in
Gyraldus
in
30.
Dialog
Histor.
Poet.
Bocho
,
a
penurious
and
needy
woman
of
Delphos
,
who
composed
Hymns
,
and
pronounced
Oracles
;
she
is
remembred
by
Gyraldus
,
Dialog.
20.
Elephantis
or
Elephantina
,
was
a
woman
most
wickedly
wanton
,
and
of
notorious
intemperance
.
She
(
as
Spinthria
)
described
the
severall
waies
and
figures
of
Congresse
and
Copulation
,
from
whose
books
,
●alage
presents
a
gift
to
Priapus
,
in
Priapaeis
Poematibus
:
and
Tiberius
Caesar
builded
that
chamber
,
wherein
were
discovered
the
omnivarious
shapes
of
beastly
&
preposterous
Luxuries
,
lest
any
president
o●
dishonest
brotherly
,
should
be
left
unremembred
.
P●oba
Valeria
Falconia
,
a
Roman
Matron
(
and
wife
to
Adelphus
Romanus
the
Proconsul
,
a
man
of
noble
and
religious
carriage
)
flourished
in
the
reigns
of
Honorius
and
Theodosius
the
Junior
,
Emperors
.
She
composed
a
Divine
Work
,
of
the
Life
and
Miracles
of
Christ
,
which
she
entitled
Cento
Virgilianum
:
she
dedicated
it
to
the
Empresse
Eudocia
,
wife
of
Theodosius
.
She
also
paraphrased
upon
the
Verses
of
Homer
,
and
called
the
Work
Home●oukentra
,
which
some
would
confer
upon
Eudocia
.
Her
husband
being
dead
,
she
is
said
to
have
inscribed
upon
his
Tomb
this
or
the
like
Epitaph
:
To
God
,
to
Prince
,
Wife
,
Kindred
,
Friend
,
the
Poor
,
Religious
,
Loiall
,
True
,
Kind
,
Stedfast
,
Deer
,
In
Zeal
,
Faith
,
Love
,
Blood
,
Amity
,
and
Store
,
He
that
so
liv'd
,
and
so
deceas'd
,
lies
here
.
Amongst
these
(
and
not
unproperly
)
are
numbred
the
Sybils
:
but
I
have
spoken
of
them
in
their
place
,
therefore
I
proceed
to
others
,
and
next
of
Telesilla
.
Telesilla
Poetria
.
THis
incomparable
Lady
I
know
not
where
to
equipage
,
or
in
what
rank
to
place
,
whether
amongst
the
women
illustrious
for
Vertue
,
or
amongst
the
Warlike
women
,
imitating
the
Amazonians
for
their
noble
courage
and
valour
,
amongst
the
Chast
,
the
Fair
,
or
the
Wise
,
as
being
a
most
famous
and
learned
Poetesse
;
her
History
I
will
give
you
in
briefe
.
Amongst
the
memorable
and
remarkable
acts
attempted
and
atchieved
by
women
,
there
is
none
more
glorious
or
better
deserving
a
Chronicle
of
perpetuity
,
than
that
performed
by
the
Argive
women
against
King
Cleomenes
,
by
the
perswasion
and
incouragement
of
Telesilla
the
Poetesse
;
she
was
born
of
a
noble
family
,
and
in
her
youth
being
subject
to
many
infirmities
of
the
body
,
she
asked
counsell
of
the
gods
concerning
her
health
,
answer
was
returned
from
the
Oracle
,
That
she
should
apply
her selfe
to
the
study
of
the
Muses
,
and
imploy
all
her
industry
in
verse
and
harmony
.
Not
long
it
was
ere
recovering
her
health
,
she
grew
to
that
perfection
of
Art
,
especially
in
Poetry
,
that
she
was
only
held
in
admiration
amongst
all
other
women
.
Cleomenes
King
of
Sparta
,
opposing
the
Argives
with
all
the
rigor
hostility
could
make
,
and
having
slain
of
them
an
infinite
number
,
almost
incredible
to
relate
(
for
so
●aith
Plutarch
:
)
in
revenge
of
this
losse
,
a
notable
courage
and
an
unspeakable
boldnesse
inspired
the
hearts
of
these
Argive
women
,
insomuch
,
that
under
the
conduct
of
Telesilla
,
whom
they
made
their
Generall
,
they
took
arms
to
maintain
their
fortresses
,
guard
and
defend
the
w●ls
,
and
issue
out
upon
the
enemy
,
not
without
admiration
and
terror
to
the
besiegers
,
insomuch
that
Cleomenes
was
repulsed
with
the
losse
of
many
of
his
souldiers
Another
King
(
as
Socrates
saith
)
called
Demaratus
,
who
besieged
Pamphiliacum
,
they
sent
thence
with
losse
and
infamous
retreat
.
The
City
thus
by
their
valour
preserved
,
all
such
women
as
fel
in
the
conflict
,
the
inhabitants
honou●●bly
interred
in
a
place
,
called
Via
Argiva
,
i.
The
Argive
way
,
and
to
the
survivers
as
a
memorable
gratitude
to
their
vertues
and
valours
,
they
granted
a
famous
solemnitie
call'd
the
dedication
of
Mars
.
This
battel
was
fought
(
as
some
say
)
in
the
seventh
day
(
others
in
the
new
Moon
)
of
the
Month
which
is
now
call'd
the
fourth
,
but
by
the
Argives
was
of
old
called
Herma●●
or
Mercurialis
;
as
that
day
they
yearly
celebrate
the
great
Feast
stiled
Hybristica
,
in
which
the
women
are
habited
like
men
,
and
the
men
are
attired
in
vestures
of
women
:
And
And
to
make
good
the
losse
of
so
many
men
that
perished
in
the
late
combustions
,
the
macrons
did
not
(
as
Her●dotus
affirms
)
matcht
with
their
slaves
and
servants
,
but
they
joined
themselves
in
marriage
to
the
best
and
noblest
of
the
next
adjoining
Cities
;
upon
whom
notwithstanding
they
cast
such
a
contemptible
neglect
,
that
they
enacted
a
law
which
enjoined
all
married
women
stil
to
put
beards
upon
their
faces
,
when
they
first
went
to
bed
to
their
husbands
.
Perhilla
was
a
young
Roman
Lady
who
lived
in
the
time
of
Augustus
Caesar
,
it
seems
of
no
great
noble
family
,
nor
extraordinary
riches
,
only
of
an
admirable
wit
and
excellent
facility
in
Poetry
,
she
was
scholer
to
Ovid
,
who
enterchanged
with
her
,
and
she
with
him
many
Elegies
and
Epigrams
,
she
flourished
in
the
time
of
his
banishment
.
Her
works
it
seems
never
came
to
light
:
but
that
she
was
answerable
to
the
Character
I
have
given
her
,
I
refer
you
to
his
seventh
Elegie
,
in
his
third
book
de
Tristibus
,
in
which
he
gives
her
an
approved
testimony
:
the
title
is
,
Mandat
Epistolam
ut
Per●illam
Adeat
,
which
the
better
to
expresse
of
what
condition
she
was
(
and
that
speaking
of
Poetesses
,
it
will
not
be
amiss
a
little
to
Poetise
)
I
thought
thus
to
English
:
Vade
salutatum
,
&c
,
My
wandring
Letter
to
Perhi●la
go
,
Greet
her
as
one
that
doth
my
mind
best
know
.
Find
her
thou
shal●
,
or
with
her
mother
sit
,
Or
'mongst
her
books
and
Muses
,
searching
wit
.
What
ere
she
be
adoing
,
when
she
knowes
,
Thee
thither
come
,
her
work
away
she
throwes
,
And
without
least
delay
,
she
will
enquire
Wherefore
thou
com'st
,
or
what
thou
canst
desire
.
Tell
her
I
live
,
but
so
▪
as
life
●moning
,
Mischiefs
augment
,
but
do
not
ease
my
groaning
.
Though
by
the
Muses
harm'd
,
I
love
their
name
,
And
to
even
numbers
how
my
words
to
frame
.
Still
do
you
to
your
common
studies
cling
,
And
your
learn'd
Verse
to
forr●ign
fashions
sing
.
Nature
that
gave
you
beauty
,
though
●t
fit
▪
To
add
rare
Gifts
,
chast
Manners
,
and
choice
Wit.
I
taught
you
first
from
Helicon
to
write
,
Lest
such
a
fertil
Spring
should
perish
quite
.
I
saw
how
far
in
youth
it
did
extend
,
I
was
your
Father
,
Captain
,
and
your
Friend
.
If
the
same
fires
within
your
breast
still
live
,
To
none
save
Lesbian
Sapho
t●e
Palm
give
.
I
fear
my
fate
your
forwardnesse
may
slack
,
And
from
your
course
my
fortunes
pluck
you
back
.
The
time
was
when
your
Lines
to
me
were
read
,
And
when
by
me
your
Muse
was
censured
,
'T
was
lawfull
then
with
both
:
and
in
those
daies
You
did
me
as
your
Judge
and
Tutor
praise
.
Either
unto
your
Verses
I
gave
ear
,
Or
made
you
blush
when
I
forbore
to
hear
.
Perhaps
(
by
my
example
)
since
my
Muse
Hath
done
me
hurt
,
that
practise
you
'l
not
use
;
And
fear
,
because
I
suffer
in
my
Art
,
That
in
my
ruin
you
shall
bear
a
part
.
Fear
not
(
Perhilla
)
for
no
woman
shall
,
Or
man
,
by
thy
Muse
learn
to
love
at
all
.
Therefore
(
most
learn'd
)
all
cause
of
sloth
adjourn
,
And
to
these
sacred
Arts
return
.
That
comly
favour
will
in
time
decay
,
And
rugged
furrowes
in
thy
cheeks
display
.
Age
(
without
noise
)
will
by
thee
stealing
passe
,
When
some
will
say
by
thee
,
once
fair
she
was
:
Thou
then
wilt
grieve
,
thy
faded
font
despise
,
Or
else
complaining
,
swear
thy
Steel
glasse
lies
.
Your
Riches
are
not
great
(
O
worhty
more
:
)
But
say
you
wealth
had
in
the
amplest
store
,
Fortune
bestowes
or
takes
at
her
own
pleasure
,
He
's
Irus
now
,
that
late
had
Croesus
treasure
.
‛
Briefe
,
save
corrupt
things
,
here
we
nothing
gain
,
Except
the
Treasures
of
the
Breast
and
Brain
.
I
,
that
my
House
,
my
Country
,
and
you
,
lack
,
In
all
they
would
take
from
me
,
suffred
wrack
.
My
Brain
I
still
keep
with
me
to
this
hour
,
For
over
that
,
great
Caesar
had
no
power
:
Who
though
in
rage
he
doom
me
to
be
slain
,
When
I
am
dead
,
my
fame
shall
still
remain
.
Whilst
warlike
Rome
on
seven
hils
lifts
her
head
,
To
o'r
look
the
conquer'd
world
,
I
shall
be
read
.
And
you
(
whom
happier
studies
still
inspire
)
Preserve
your
name
from
the
last
comming
fire
.
Before
many
,
or
most
of
those
,
I
may
justly
and
without
flattery
prefer
the
famous
Queen
Elizabeth
.
Of
her
Wisdome
and
Government
,
all
the
Christian
Princes
that
flourished
in
her
time
,
can
give
ample
testimony
:
Of
her
Oratory
,
those
learned
Orations
delivered
by
her
own
mouth
in
the
two
Academies
,
in
the
Latine
Tongue
,
bear
record
in
her
behalfe
.
In
the
Greek
Tongue
she
might
compare
with
Queen
Istrina
,
before
remembred
amongst
the
Linguists
.
In
the
French
,
Italian
,
and
Spanish
,
she
needed
no
Interpreter
,
but
was
able
to
give
answer
to
such
Embassadors
in
their
own
Language
.
Of
whose
pleasant
Fancies
,
and
ingenious
Ditties
,
I
have
seen
some
,
and
heard
of
many
.
Others
there
have
been
likewise
of
our
own
Nation
,
of
whose
elegancy
in
these
kinds
,
the
World
hath
taken
notice
,
and
pitty
it
were
their
memories
should
not
be
redeemed
from
oblivion
:
as
the
Lady
Jane
Grey
,
daughter
to
the
Duke
of
Suffolk
;
the
unhappy
wife
of
as
unfortunat
a
husband
,
L
Guilford
Dudley
.
Here
likewise
worthily
may
be
inserted
,
the
excellent
Lady
,
Arabella
,
who
had
a
great
facility
in
Poetry
,
and
was
elaborately
conversant
amongst
the
Muses
;
as
likewise
the
ingenious
Lady
,
the
late
composer
of
our
extant
Vr●nia
.
For
others
,
let
me
refer
you
to
Sir
John
Harrington
,
in
his
Allegory
upon
the
37.
book
of
Ariosto
,
where
he
commends
unto
us
the
four
daughters
of
Sir
Athony
Cook
,
the
Lady
Burleigh
,
the
Lady
Russel
,
the
Lady
Bacon
,
and
Mrs
Killegrew
,
giving
each
of
them
in
that
kind
a
worthy
Caracter
.
In
the
same
place
the
Author
commends
unto
us
a
great
Italian
Lady
,
called
Vittoria
,
who
writ
largely
and
learnedly
in
the
praise
of
her
dead
husband
:
with
whom
(
though
not
in
that
Funerall
Elegick
strain
)
I
may
rank
(
〈◊〉
the
comparison
I
underprise
not
)
the
beautiful
and
learned
Lady
Mary
,
Countess
of
Pembrook
,
the
worthy
Sister
to
her
unmatchable
brother
,
Sir
Philip
Sydney
.
But
not
to
dwel
too
long
on
her
praise
(
whom
I
never
can
commend
sufficiently
)
I
will
only
bestow
upon
her
Muse
that
Character
which
Horace
bequeathed
to
Sapho
:
Vivuntque
commissi
Calores
Aeoliae
fidibus
Puellae
.
Of
Witches
.
IOhannes
Bodinus
,
Andegavensis
lib.
3.
cap.
3.
de
Magorum
Demonomania
writes
,
That
there
is
nothing
which
precipitates
men
or
women
to
perdition
,
or
more
allures
and
incites
them
to
devote
and
give
themselves
up
to
the
Devil
,
th●n
a
sottish
and
meer
Atheisticall
opinion
setled
in
them
.
That
he
hath
power
and
wil
to
give
to
the
needy
,
riches
;
to
the
afflicted
,
●ase
,
to
the
weak
,
strength
;
to
the
deformed
,
beauty
;
the
ignorant
,
knowledge
;
the
abject
,
honor
;
grace
〈…〉
whom
birth
hath
nobilitated
;
and
〈…〉
,
to
such
as
adversity
hath
dejected
:
when
on
the
contrary
,
we
see
by
common
proof
,
then
such
miscreants
,
none
more
miserably
base
,
more
penurious
,
more
ignorant
,
more
debauch'd
and
contemned
.
Plutarch
remembers
us
,
that
when
Olympias
the
wife
of
Philip
King
of
Macedon
,
hearing
that
her
husband
was
ensnared
,
and
extreamly
besotted
with
the
beauty
of
a
noble
young
Lady
,
she
much
desired
to
see
her
:
who
being
brought
unto
her
presence
,
and
beholding
a
woman
with
all
the
accomplishments
of
nature
so
every
way
graced
,
one
of
so
exquisite
feature
,
she
never
beheld
the
like
till
then
,
she
grew
astonished
,
and
without
offering
her
the
least
discourteous
violence
,
brake
out
into
these
●earms
,
This
rare
and
incomparable
beauty
which
hath
bewitched
my
husband
,
is
likewise
of
force
to
●ft●cinate
the
gods
.
Most
certain
it
is
,
nothing
seems
fairly
featured
and
beautifully
composed
within
this
large
universe
,
but
it
shewes
to
us
the
glory
of
the
Maker
,
who
is
the
only
true
and
perfect
pulchritude
;
neither
is
there
any
thing
lovely
or
amiable
,
which
proceeds
not
from
his
especial
grace
and
miraculous
workmanship
.
But
it
was
never
found
or
known
,
that
ever
any
Witch
could
by
exorcisms
or
incantations
and
any
thing
to
Nature
,
to
make
her selfe
in
any
part
appear
more
comely
.
It
is
further
observed
,
that
all
such
are
for
the
most
part
stigmaticall
and
ugly
,
insomuch
,
that
it
is
grown
into
a
common
Adage
,
Deformis
ut
Saga
,
i.
As
deformed
as
a
Witch
.
Moreover
,
Cardanus
who
was
not
held
the
least
amongst
the
Magicians
(
as
having
his
Art
,
or
rather
Diabolicall
practise
,
from
his
father
hereditary
)
confesseth
,
that
in
all
his
life
time
,
in
his
great
familiarity
and
acquaintance
amongst
them
,
he
never
knew
any
one
that
was
not
in
some
part
mishapen
and
deformed
.
The
same
Author
(
with
whose
opinion
Wi●rius
,
Hippocrates
,
and
others
assent
)
affirms
that
all
those
Demoniacks
or
Witches
,
after
they
have
had
commerce
and
congresse
with
the
devil
,
have
about
them
a
continuall
nasty
and
odious
smel
,
of
which
(
by
the
ancient
writers
)
they
were
called
Fatentes
,
by
the
Vasconians
,
Fetelleres
à
Faetore
,
i.
Of
stench
;
insomuch
,
that
women
who
by
nature
have
a
more
sweet
and
refreshing
breath
,
then
men
,
after
their
beastly
consociety
with
Satan
,
change
the
property
,
of
nature
,
and
grow
horrid
,
putred
,
corrupt
,
and
contagious
:
For
Sprangerus
witnesseth
(
who
hath
taken
the
examination
of
many
)
they
have
confessed
(
a
thing
fearful
to
be
spoken
)
to
have
had
carnall
copulation
with
evill
and
unclean
spirits
,
who
no
doubt
bear
the
smel
of
the
invisible
sulphure
about
them
.
Now
concerning
this
Magick
,
what
reputation
it
hath
been
in
amongst
men
(
which
in
effect
is
no
better
then
plain
Witchcraft
in
women
)
we
may
read
in
Nauclerus
and
Platina
,
That
all
the
Popes
inclusively
from
Silvester
the
second
,
to
Gregory
the
seventh
,
were
Magicians
:
but
Cardinall
Benno
,
who
observed
all
the
Bishops
that
way
devoted
,
numbers
but
five
,
Silvester
the
second
,
Benedict
the
ninth
,
John
the
twentieth
and
one
and
twentieth
,
and
Gregory
the
seventh
.
Of
these
,
Augustinus
Onuphrius
,
one
of
the
Popes
chamber
(
that
from
the
Vatican
and
the
Lives
of
the
Popes
there
registred
,
made
a
diligent
collection
)
speaks
of
two
only
,
Silvester
the
second
,
and
Benedict
the
ninth
;
one
of
them
was
after
expelled
from
the
Papacy
.
Silvester
lying
upon
his
death
bed
,
desired
his
tongue
to
be
torn
out
,
and
his
hands
to
be
cut
off
,
that
had
sacrificed
to
the
devil
,
confessing
that
he
had
never
any
inspection
into
that
damnable
Art
,
Abdias
Bab.
Episcopus
lib.
6.
Certam
Apostol.
writes
,
That
Zaroes
and
Arphaxad
(
two
famous
Magitians
amongst
the
Persians
)
with
their
exorcisms
and
incantations
deluding
the
people
,
in
the
hour
when
Simon
and
Jude
suffered
martyrdome
,
were
struck
with
lightning
from
heaven
,
and
so
perished
.
Lucius
Piso
,
in
the
first
book
of
his
Annals
,
speaks
of
one
Cinops
,
a
Prince
amongst
the
Magitians
,
who
at
the
praier
of
St
Iohn
the
Evangelist
,
was
swallowed
up
in
a
river
.
Olaus
Magnus
lib.
2.
cap.
4.
de
gentib
.
Septentrional
.
tels
us
of
one
Methotis
,
who
by
his
prestigious
juglings
,
had
insinuated
into
the
hearts
of
the
people
,
and
purchast
that
opinion
and
authority
amongst
them
,
that
he
was
called
,
The
high
and
chiefe
Priest
to
the
gods
,
who
was
after
torn
to
pieces
by
the
multitude
:
from
whose
scattered
limbs
such
a
contagion
grew
,
that
it
infected
the
air
,
of
which
much
people
perished
.
Hollerus
the
Magitian
was
slain
.
Oddo
the
Dane
was
(
besides
his
skil
in
Magick
)
a
great
pyrat
,
it
is
written
of
him
,
Wierius
lib.
2.
cap.
4.
that
without
ship
or
boat
he
would
make
his
transmarsne
passage
over
the
Ocean
,
and
by
his
Inchantments
raise
storms
to
shipwreck
the
vessels
of
his
enemies
:
there
most
wretchedly
perished
.
Dr
Iohn
Faustus
,
born
at
Kuneling
,
a
Village
neer
Cracovia
,
was
found
dead
by
his
bed
side
,
his
face
blasted
and
turned
backward
,
in
the
Dukedome
of
Wittenburgh
,
at
which
time
the
house
wherein
he
died
,
was
shaken
with
a
tempest
and
horrible
Earthquake
.
The
Earl
Matisconensis
(
a
practitioner
in
the
same
devilish
study
)
sitting
at
dinner
amongst
many
Lords
,
Barons
,
Captains
,
and
others
,
was
snatcht
from
the
boord
by
devils
,
and
in
the
sight
and
view
of
all
the
people
,
three
times
hurried
swiftly
round
about
the
City
,
being
heard
to
cry
,
Succurrite
,
Succurrite
,
i.
Help
,
Help
:
of
him
,
Hugo
Cluniacensis
writes
more
largely
.
A
Priest
at
Noremburgh
searching
for
hidden
treasure
in
a
place
where
the
devill
had
directed
him
,
found
it
garded
by
a
spirit
,
in
the
semblance
of
a
great
black
dog
;
in
the
search
of
which
,
the
earth
fell
upon
him
,
and
buried
him
alive
:
And
this
hapned
in
the
year
1530.
Wierius
.
A
Magician
of
Salsburgh
,
undertook
to
call
all
the
Serpents
together
within
a
mile
of
the
place
,
and
bring
them
into
one
pit
digged
for
the
purpose
:
in
the
train
of
which
,
came
(
after
the
rest
)
a
great
Serpent
(
supposed
to
be
the
devill
)
and
twining
about
him
,
cast
him
in
amongst
the
rest
,
where
they
together
perished
.
The
like
untimely
death●
we
read
of
Appion
Grammaticus
,
Iulian
Apostata
,
Artephius
,
Robertus
Anglicus
:
amongst
the
Helvetians
,
Petrus
Ax●nensis
,
sirnamed
Conciliator
,
Albertus
Teutonicus
,
Arnoldus
de
villa
nova
,
Anselmus
Parmensis
,
Pycatrix
Hispanus
,
Cuchus
ascalus
Florentinus
.
and
many
others
.
Commendable
therefore
it
was
in
the
French
King
,
who
when
one
Friscalanus
Cenomannus
(
a
man
excellent
in
this
Science
)
came
to
shew
divers
prestigious
seats
and
tricks
before
him
,
for
which
he
expected
reward
;
amongst
others
,
he
caused
the
links
of
a
golden
chain
to
be
taken
asunder
,
and
removed
them
to
divers
remote
places
of
the
chamber
,
which
came
of
themselves
to
one
place
,
and
were
instantly
joined
together
as
before
:
Which
the
King
seeing
,
and
being
thereat
astonished
,
he
commanded
him
instantly
from
his
sight
,
never
again
to
behold
his
face
,
and
after
caused
him
to
be
arraigned
and
judged
.
And
these
are
the
Graces
,
Honours
and
Advancements
,
Offices
and
Dignities
,
to
which
the
devill
exalts
his
●●ege
people
.
Of
these
severall
sorts
of
Juglings
,
Caskinomanteia
,
i.
〈◊〉
saltatio
,
i.
(
as
we
call
it
)
The
Sive
and
the
Shears
,
and
that
is
not
shamed
to
be
publiquely
used
.
Bodinus
himselfe
saith
that
he
saw
in
Lutetia
,
a
boy
in
a
Noblemans
house
,
and
before
many
honest
and
judiciall
spectators
,
by
speaking
of
a
few
French
words
,
make
a
Sive
turn
which
way
he
pleased
:
but
the
same
words
uttered
by
another
,
could
not
make
it
to
move
at
all
.
Another
superstition
is
with
a
Knife
or
a
Key
.
If
any
be
suspected
of
〈◊〉
,
read
but
such
a
Psalm
▪
and
name
the
party
accused
,
if
the
Knive
at
speaking
of
his
name
move
to
stir
,
he
is
then
held
guilty
:
and
that
〈◊〉
is
called
Axinomanteia
.
That
which
is
done
by
a
Ring
out
over
a
Cruse
of
water
,
is
called
Daktuliomanteia
.
And
this
is
is
a
famous
sorcery
,
much
in
use
with
the
Witches
of
Italy
.
Ioachimus
Cameraccusis
,
had
a
speaking
Ring
,
in
which
was
a
familiar
,
or
a
devill
;
that
kind
is
called
Vdromanteia
,
as
also
Dactyliomanteia
,
i.
A
Ring
wherein
Spirits
are
worn
.
Conjectures
made
from
Wels
and●
Fountains
,
were
called
Idromanteia
:
these
,
Numa
Pompilius
was
said
to
be
the
first
inventor
of
,
which
Varro
otherwise
interprets
,
i.
Of
a
boy
imploied
by
the
Magicians
to
look
upon
Images
in
the
wat●r
,
one
of
which
pronounced
distinctly
fifty
verses
of
the
wars
of
Mithridates
,
before
any
such
rumour
was
spread
,
or
purpose
of
the
like
businesse
intended
.
Aeromanteia
is
a
superstitious
prediction
by
the
aire
;
but
most
certain
when
the
wind
is
South
.
Another
was
made
from
Meal
or
Chaste
,
and
was
called
Alphitomanteia
,
or
Aleuromanteia
,
remembred
by
Iamblicus
;
but
to
what
purpose
it
was
,
he
explaineth
not
:
as
Likewise
of
Lythomantea
,
which
was
practised
by
Stones
Divinition
by
Lawrell
,
was
called
Daphnomanteia
.
The
praescience
which
they
gathered
from
the
head
of
an
Asse
,
Kephalcomanteia
.
Puromanteia
and
Kapnomantesia
were
conjectures
from
fire
.
Rabdomanteia
was
used
by
a
Physitian
of
Tholos●
,
in
speaking
of
certain
mysticall
words
in
a
low
and
submisse
voice
.
The
like
unto
that
,
was
Zulomanteia
,
with
loose
chips
of
wood
,
much
practised
in
Illyria
.
But
of
all
these
devilish
and
detestable
practises
,
there
is
none
(
saith
Bodinus
)
more
Heathenish
,
irreligious
and
dangerous
,
then
that
so
commonly
in
use
now
adaies
,
and
by
witches
continually
practised
,
to
the
injury
and
wrong
of
new
married
women
,
it
is
commonly
called
Ligare
ligulam
,
or
to
tie
knots
upon
a
point
;
which
as
it
is
usuall
,
so
it
is
not
new
:
for
Herodot
.
lib.
2
reports
,
That
Amasis
King
of
Aegypt
,
was
by
the
like
Exorcisme
,
bound
and
hindred
from
having
any
mutuall
congresse
with
his
with
Laodice
,
till
those
ligatory
spels
were
after
uncharmed
.
Paulus
Aemilius
in
the
life
of
Clotharus
the
seco●d
witnesseth
,
That
King
Theodoricus
was
by
the
like
ligaments
●●●ascinated
by
his
Concubines
,
from
having
lawful
consociety
wich
his
wife
Hermamberga
.
Bodinus
reports
,
That
he
heard
from
the
mouth
of
Roileius
,
Embassadour
gener●ll
amongst
the
Blasenses
,
who
affirmed
,
That
it
the
marriage
of
a
young
couple
,
just
as
they
were
ready
to
receive
the
benediction
from
the
Priest
,
a
boy
was
seen
by
him
tying
one
of
these
Magick
knots
in
the
Temple
;
whom
thinking
to
have
deprehended
,
the
boy
fled
,
and
was
not
taken
Bodinus
further
adds
,
That
in
the
year
1567.
he
then
being
Procurator
in
Patavia
,
the
Gentlewoman
in
whose
house
he
sojourned
(
being
it
seems
a
pregnant
scholer
in
this
Art
)
related
unto
him
in
the
presence
of
one
Jacobus
Baunasius
,
That
there
were
fifty
severall
waies
of
tying
this
knot
,
to
hinder
copulation
,
either
to
bind
the
Husband
,
or
the
Wife
only
,
that
one
hating
the
others
infirmity
,
might
the
freelier
pollute
themselves
with
Adulteries
.
She
said
moreover
,
the
man
was
often
so
charmed
,
the
woman
seldom
and
difficulty
:
besides
,
this
knot
might
be
tied
for
a
day
,
for
a
year
,
for
the
present
time
,
or
for
ever
,
or
whilst
the
same
was
unloosed
:
That
it
might
be
tied
for
one
to
love
the
other
,
and
not
be
again
beloved
,
or
to
make
a
mutuall
and
ardent
love
betwixt
them
;
but
when
they
came
to
congression
,
to
bite
and
scratch
,
and
tear
one
another
with
their
teeth
and
nails
.
In
Tholosia
,
a
man
and
his
wife
were
so
bewitched
,
who
after
three
years
being
uncharmed
,
had
a
fair
and
hopefull
issue
;
and
which
is
more
to
be
wondred
at
,
in
that
time
there
appeared
upon
some
part
of
their
bodies
so
many
tumors
,
or
swellings
,
like
small
knobs
of
flesh
,
as
they
should
have
had
children
,
if
that
impediment
had
not
hapned
.
Some
there
are
that
may
be
charmed
before
Wedlock
,
and
some
after
,
but
those
hardly
.
There
are
others
,
whom
their
effascinations
can
keep
from
ejecting
their
U●ine
;
others
,
to
make
them
that
they
cannot
rest●ain
it
all
:
but
of
the
first
,
divers
have
perished
She
likewise
told
him
sundry
speeches
belonging
these
Witcherie
,
the
words
whereof
were
neither
Hebrew
,
Greek
,
Latine
,
French
,
Spanish
,
Italian
,
nor
indeed
deriving
their
Ecymology
from
any
known
Language
whatsoever
.
Erasmus
in
the
explanation
of
the
Adage
,
Pas●tis
Semiobutus
,
writes
of
some
Witches
,
that
by
their
incantations
could
command
in
any
void
room
,
Tables
on
the
sudden
to
be
spread
and
furnished
with
meats
and
ju●kets
of
all
varieties
to
tast
the
palat
,
and
when
the
guests
had
sufficiently
●ed
and
satisfied
every
man
his
own
appetite
,
with
one
word
could
likewise
command
all
things
away
,
as
if
no
such
thing
had
been
others
also
that
when
they
had
bought
any
commodity
of
any
man
,
their
backs
were
no
sooner
turned
,
but
the
mou●e
they
laid
out
would
instantly
forsake
the
seller
,
and
return
into
the
purse
of
the
buyer
.
But
to
begin
with
the
ancient
Poets
,
by
their
testimonies
it
is
manifest
,
that
the
practise
of
Witches
and
Witch-craft
hath
been
it
great
,
that
by
their
Charms
and
Spels
,
they
have
had
the
power
to
transhape
men
into
bruit
beasts
,
to
alter
the
course
of
the
Planets
and
Stars
,
have
changed
the
Seasons
,
making
the
natural
course
of
the
yeer
preposterous
:
further
,
that
their
exorcismes
have
extended
to
Herbs
,
Flowers
,
Fruits
,
and
Grain
,
to
infect
men
with
Diseases
,
and
cattel
with
Murren
,
to
delude
the
Eies
and
weaken
the
Sences
,
bewitch
the
Limbs
,
bind
the
Hands
,
gyve
the
Feet
,
and
benumb
the
other
Members
,
apoplex
all
the
vitall
Spirits
,
and
raise
up
dead
bodies
from
their
Sepulchers
;
nay
more
,
to
call
the
Moon
down
from
her
Sphere
,
with
other
most
strange
things
,
as
miraculous
to
relate
as
difficult
to
beleeve
,
of
such
in
his
first
book
,
Tibullus
speaks
.
Hanc
ego
de
Coelo
ducentem
sidera
vidi
:
—
This
W●ich
I
did
espie
To
call
the
Stars
and
Planets
from
the
skie
.
Now
,
that
women
have
been
more
addicted
to
this
devilish
Art
,
then
men
,
is
manifest
by
the
approbation
of
many
grave
Authors
:
Diodorus
in
his
fi●t
book
de
Antiquorum
Gestis
,
Speaks
of
Hecate
,
that
she
was
the
first
that
ever
tempered
Acomtum
(
a
venomous
Herb
,
which
some
call
Libbards
bane
,
others
,
Wolve
:
bane
)
applying
her selfe
to
confections
of
sundry
deadly
poisons
.
This
was
frequent
among
the
Romans
,
nay
,
even
among
the
noblest
matrons
,
as
their
own
writers
testifie
.
Of
the
like
,
Saint
Austin
speaks
in
his
book
de
Civitate
Dei
:
so
Pliny
affirms
in
his
five
and
twentieth
book
and
second
chapter
,
That
women
are
most
prone
to
these
unlawful
Arts
;
for
so
we
read
of
Medea
,
Cyrce
,
and
others
,
whom
the
Poets
fabled
to
be
goddesses
,
of
whom
we
shall
find
occasion
to
speak
of
in
their
order
.
Suidas
of
women
Witches
cites
an
old
proverb
,
Thessala
Mulier
,
by
which
he
notes
all
of
that
practise
as
peculiar
to
that
Sex
,
&
not
to
men
.
Therefore
Quintilian
speking
of
this
argument
,
thus
determines
it
.
Theft
(
saith
he
)
is
much
prevailing
with
men
,
and
Witchcraft
most
familiar
with
the
Sex
of
women
.
Of
Cyrce
,
and
others
remembred
by
the
Poets
.
SHe
was
the
daughter
of
the
Sun
,
and
the
Nymph
Persa
and
was
said
to
be
so
exquisitely
cunning
in
these
effascinations
,
that
she
changed
men
into
severall
shapes
of
beasts
,
and
the
companions
and
associates
of
Vlysses
into
Swine
.
She
inhabited
not
far
from
Caieta
a
City
of
Campania
.
The
Marsians
a
people
of
Italy
,
were
said
to
be
lineally
descended
from
this
Cyrce
,
who
likewise
succeeded
her
in
that
devilish
Art
.
Gellius
writes
of
this
Nation
,
That
they
had
skill
in
taming
the
most
poisonous
Serpents
,
and
to
make
them
gentle
and
servile
to
their
use
;
their
Charms
,
Exorcisms
and
Incantations
,
by
which
they
had
power
in
the
transhapes
of
creatures
,
their
mixture
of
herbs
and
tempering
of
drugs
,
being
to
them
left
as
hereditary
by
her
.
Who
would
read
further
of
her
,
I
refer
him
to
Ovid
,
who
in
his
Metamorphosis
gives
her
a
full
and
large
character
,
so
Homer
in
his
tenth
book
of
his
Odysses
,
the
argument
of
which
,
for
her
better
expression
,
I
thus
English
:
Aeoliam
ventorum
agimur
patriamque
domumque
.
Ulysses
[
*
](A43596-e146360-b)
*
From
the
Il●nd
of
the
●velops
,
where
he
thrust
out
Polyphemus
his
eie
.
thence
into
Aetolia
past
,
Where
Aeolus
the
King
of
Winds
then
raign'd
Who
the
four
brothers
gave
him
closed
fast
In
leathern
bags
(
for
so
they
were
constrain'd
.
)
With
prosperous
speed
he
sails
,
and
growing
neer
His
native
Ithaca
whil'st
he
was
sleeping
,
His
men
suppos'd
some
wealth
inclosed
there
,
Within
those
bags
given
to
their
masters
keeping
,
And
opening
them
,
the
imprisoned
winds
now
free
,
With
adverse
gu●●s
,
despight
his
helm
and
glasse
Blow
him
quite
back
,
so
he
is
forc'd
to
see
[
*
](A43596-e146500-b)
*
Islands
in
the
Sea
so
called
.
Antiphates
,
and
the
Lestrigone's
.
Some
ships
there
lost
,
he
attains
the
Cercian
shore
,
Where
the
most
powerfull
goddesse
as
she
feasts
,
Transhapes
Eurilochus
with
many
more
Of
his
companions
,
into
sundry
beasts
,
The
wytie
Greek
by
Mercuries
admonishment
,
Alone
escapes
the
Witches
transformation
,
Who
failing
in
her
Art
,
bred
both
astonishment
,
And
of
his
many
vertues
,
admiration
:
His
wisedome
so
prevailed
,
him
Cyrce
ador'd
,
And
to
his
mates
their
pristine
shape
restor'd
.
Medea
was
the
daughter
of
Otes
and
Ispaea
,
King
and
Queen
of
the
Colchians
,
and
sister
to
Cyrce
:
she
found
out
the
Vertues
of
many
Herbs
,
Plants
and
Roots
,
and
tempered
their
juice
to
her
devilish
purposes
,
growing
to
that
height
of
cunning
,
that
by
their
incantations
she
tamed
the
mad
Buls
that
from
their
mouths
and
nostrils
breathed
fire
,
and
bellowed
terror
,
charming
asleep
the
ever-waking
Serpent
that
kept
the
Golden
fleece
,
lest
they
should
hinder
Jason
her
beloved
in
the
purchase
thereof
:
for
which
courtesie
he
took
her
to
wife
,
and
by
long
t●avel
arriving
in
Thessaly
,
Aeson
the
father
of
Jason
,
now
grown
decrepit
through
age
,
she
restored
to
his
former
youth
and
strength
:
nowithstanding
,
her
husband
forgetful
of
this
great
benefit
done
to
his
father
,
forsook
her
bed
,
and
married
Creusa
,
daughter
to
Creon
King
of
Corinth
;
with
which
ingratitude
Medea
inraged
(
yet
distembling
her
malice
)
she
after
some
insinuation
,
presents
Creusa
with
a
glorious
Mantleto
the
eie
,
which
she
no
sooner
saw
put
on
,
but
her
whole
body
was
in
a
flame
,
and
she
consumed
to
ashes
:
after
the
same
sort
perished
King
Creon
with
his
Queen
.
This
done
,
she
murdered
her
children
had
by
Jason
,
and
being
openly
hurried
by
winged
dragons
through
the
air
,
she
fled
to
Athens
,
and
there
was
married
to
King
Aegeus
;
whose
son
Theseus
,
when
she
attempted
to
have
poisoned
in
a
cup
of
gold
tempered
with
Aconitum
(
gathered
from
an
herb
that
grew
from
the
some
of
Cerberus
)
her
treason
being
discovered
and
prevented
,
by
her
Magick
skil
she
shut
her selfe
within
a
cloud
,
in
which
with
her
young
son
Medus
(
whose
father
Aegeus
was
)
she
escaped
into
Asia
.
Of
her
Ovid
speaks
,
Propertius
,
Valerius
Flaccus
,
Pliny
,
and
many
others
.
Vitiae
were
so
called
of
an
infamous
Witch
called
Vitia
,
these
(
as
some
Authors
write
)
have
power
like
the
Basilisk
to
kill
with
the
eie
,
especially
all
such
on
whom
they
cast
an
envious
and
malicious
look
:
of
the
selfe-same
condition
are
a
certain
people
among
the
Tribullians
and
Illyrians
.
Textor
.
in
Officin
.
Mycale
is
the
name
of
a
Witch
in
Ovid
,
likewise
Dipsas
;
of
the
one
he
writes
thus
:
Mater
erat
Mycale
quem
deduxisse
canendo
Sepe
reluctantis
,
constabat
cornua
lunae
.
Her
mothers
name
was
Mycale
,
Known
to
have
had
the
skill
,
By
spels
,
to
pull
the
horned
Moon
From
heaven
,
against
her
will
.
And
of
the
other
in
the
first
book
of
his
Elegies
:
Est
quaedam
quicunque
volet
,
&c.
Locusta
is
numbred
amongst
the
rest
,
and
remembred
by
Cornelius
Tacitus
,
for
making
certain
venomous
confections
with
which
Agrippina
poisoned
her
husband
Claudius
,
from
her
many
of
the
most
of
her
diabolicall
practise
,
are
called
Locustae
,
she
is
likewise
spoken
of
by
Juvenal
in
one
of
his
Satyrs
.
Eriphila
was
an
inchantresse
of
that
devilish
condition
that
upon
whomsoever
she
cast
an
envious
eie
,
that
creature
was
sure
to
come
to
some
extraordinary
mischiefe
;
of
whom
was
raised
a
proverb
▪
cast
as
an
aspersion
upon
all
such
kind
of
women
.
Anus
Eriphus
▪
Textor
in
〈◊〉
.
in
.
cap.
de
Veneficis
Thracia
was
a
Nymph
famous
for
her
incantations
,
who
for
skill
in
herbs
and
cunning
in
exorcismes
,
was
by
some
adored
as
a
goddesse
;
of
her
came
the
people
amongst
whom
she
lived
,
to
be
called
by
the
name
of
Thracians
.
Gyge
was
the
name
of
a
Beldam
,
who
was
a
houshold
servant
to
Parasatis
,
the
mother
of
King
Cyrus
,
and
by
the
Queen
especially
imploied
in
all
her
sorceries
,
Herodotus
.
Canidia
Neopolitana
was
a
confectioner
of
unguents
,
a
Witch
,
and
practised
in
divers
kinds
of
sorceries
,
excellently
described
by
Horace
.
Erictho
was
the
name
of
a
notorious
Witch
of
Thessaly
,
deciphered
by
Lucan
,
whom
who
shall
read
and
desire
plainly
to
be
instructed
in
that
horrible
Art
,
he
shall
not
find
it
more
truly
and
punctually
discovered
by
any
of
the
Latine
Poets
.
Gunthrune
was
a
Witch
of
a
strange
devilish
condition
,
who
by
her
incantations
was
the
death
of
many
creatures
,
as
well
beasts
as
men
,
yet
being
dead
there
was
no
wound
or
mark
of
death
appearing
about
them
.
Sagana
,
Veia
,
and
Folia
,
were
professors
of
the
selfe
same
devilish
Art
,
and
〈◊〉
remembred
by
Tacitus
,
Juvenal
,
and
Horace
,
these
were
said
to
have
had
hand
in
the
death
of
the
noble
chil
〈◊〉
.
It
shall
not
be
amiss
to
insert
amongst
these
,
what
I
have
heard
concerning
a
Witch
of
Scotland
.
For
the
drier
you
are
(
no
doubt
)
you
will
burn
the
better
.
Of
Witches
transported
from
one
place
to
another
,
by
the
Devill
.
THe
difference
betwixt
Witches
,
or
to
define
what
Magae
are
,
and
what
Lamiae
,
were
but
time
mispent
,
the
rather
because
it
hath
been
an
argument
so
much
handled
in
our
mother
tongue
,
I
will
only
rehearse
unto
you
some
few
particular
discourses
concerning
Witches
,
out
of
Danaeus
,
Bodinus
,
Wierius
,
Grillaneus
Italus
,
and
others
:
all
agree
,
that
some
have
made
expresse
covenant
with
the
Devill
by
Bond
and
Indenture
,
sealed
and
delivered
;
others
by
promise
and
oath
only
:
as
likewise
that
all
such
have
secret
marks
about
them
in
some
private
place
of
their
bodies
,
some
in
the
inside
of
the
lip
,
some
in
the
haire
of
the
eie-browes
,
some
in
the
fundament
,
some
in
the
inside
of
the
thigh
,
the
hollow
of
the
arm
,
or
the
privy
parts
.
Albertus
Pictus
an
Advocate
in
the
Parliament
of
Paris
,
reported
he
had
seen
one
in
the
Castle
of
Theodoricus
,
who
had
a
plain
mark
upon
the
right
shoulder
,
which
the
next
day
was
taken
off
by
the
Devil
.
Claudius
de
Fagus
the
Kings
Procurator
,
affirmed
the
like
of
one
Joanna
Hervilleria
.
Concerning
the
transportation
of
Witches
through
the
air
,
Paulus
Grillandus
an
Italian
Doctor
of
the
Law
,
that
writ
the
Histories
of
many
Witches
,
saith
,
That
a
Country
Villager
not
farre
from
Rome
,
upon
a
night
spying
his
wife
daub
her self
with
a
certain
●nguent
,
and
instantly
leap
out
at
the
window
,
after
her
stay
from
him
some
three
or
four
hours
,
had
provided
against
her
return
a
good
cudgel
,
with
which
he
so
soundly
enterteined
her
,
that
he
forced
her
to
confesse
where
she
had
been
,
but
would
not
grant
her
free
pardon
till
she
had
made
him
promise
to
bring
him
to
the
sight
of
all
these
novelties
,
and
unbeleevable
passages
by
her
related
:
the
match
was
concluded
,
she
forewarned
him
that
he
must
in
no
wise
use
the
name
of
God
by
the
way
,
unlesse
it
were
in
scorn
or
blasphemy
,
with
other
such
horrible
instructions
.
The
night
came
,
they
were
both
annointed
,
when
presently
two
rough
Goats
appeared
at
the
window
,
upon
which
they
being
mounted
,
were
instantly
hurried
through
the
air
into
a
place
where
were
an
infinite
multitude
of
people
,
men
and
women
,
and
in
the
middest
one
that
seemed
to
be
Prince
and
Sovereign
of
the
rest
,
to
whom
every
one
of
them
did
obeisance
and
adoration
,
she
bid
her
husband
stand
in
a
remote
place
till
she
had
likewise
done
her
worship
,
which
he
she
accordingly
performed
:
This
done
,
they
all
danced
together
in
a
circle
or
ring
not
as
our
custome
is
face
to
face
,
but
back
to
back
,
the
rest
may
be
conjectured
,
lest
if
any
should
be
apprehended
,
the
one
might
appe●●h
the
other
.
After
their
dance
was
ended
,
the
tables
were
covered
and
furnished
,
she
cals
to
her
husband
to
sit
down
amongst
the
rest
,
and
bids
him
welcome
,
he
begins
to
feed
,
but
finding
the
meat
to
have
no
relish
,
in
regard
it
was
not
well
seasoned
,
he
cals
aloud
for
salt
,
and
many
times
before
it
came
,
it
was
brought
at
length
,
which
he
seeing
,
before
he
tasted
it
,
he
thus
said
,
Hor
laudato
sui
Dio
per
è
venuto
questo
sale
,
i.
Now
God
be
thanked
that
the
salt
is
come
:
these
words
were
no
sooner
spoken
,
but
Men
,
Meat
,
Tables
,
Devils
,
Witches
,
all
were
vanished
in
an
instant
,
he
was
left
alone
naked
,
almost
frozen
with
cold
,
ignorant
in
what
place
,
or
whither
to
travel
for
shelter
;
day
came
,
he
spies
shepherds
,
and
asks
them
where
he
is
?
they
tell
him
in
the
principality
of
Benevent
,
under
the
jurisdiction
of
the
Pope
,
above
an
hundred
miles
from
Rome
.
He
was
forced
to
beg
rags
to
cover
him
,
and
bread
to
relieve
him
,
being
eight
daies
before
he
could
reach
to
his
cottage
;
he
accuseth
his
wife
,
she
others
,
who
were
all
after
delivered
to
the
fire
,
and
burnt
alive
.
The
like
history
the
same
Author
relates
of
a
young
damosel
inticed
by
an
old
Witch
to
this
damnable
assembly
in
the
Dutchie
of
Spoletum
,
in
the
year
of
grace
1535.
The
like
confession
of
these
assemblies
,
dances
,
and
banquets
,
and
after
all
,
their
common
carnal
society
,
women
with
he
Devils
,
and
men
with
she-Spirits
,
was
extorted
from
a
Witch
of
Lochinum
,
another
of
Lions
,
both
suffered
by
fire
;
and
their
arraignments
,
confessions
,
judgements
,
and
executions
,
published
by
Danaeus
in
the
year
1474.
Of
these
meetings
,
banquets
,
dances
,
and
congressions
,
Friscalanus
the
before
named
Magician
,
gave
ample
testimony
to
Charls
the
ninth
,
King
of
France
.
Salvertes
the
President
speaks
of
a
Witch
called
Beronda
,
who
being
brought
to
the
stake
,
accused
a
great
Lady
of
France
,
for
being
one
of
that
damned
society
,
but
she
obstinately
denying
it
,
the
Witch
thus
said
,
Have
you
forget
since
our
last
meeting
,
when
you
were
appointed
to
carry
the
Callice
of
poison
?
Olaus
Magnus
,
lib.
3.
cap
11.
saith
,
that
many
of
these
conventicles
are
made
in
the
North
,
and
are
freequent
in
the
mount
Atlas
;
as
likewise
Mel
lib.
3.
Sulinus
lib.
38.
cap.
44.
and
Pliny
lib.
5.
cap.
1.
Infinite
are
the
Histories
to
this
purpose
.
Antonius
de
Turquemadae
a
Spaniard
,
En
la
parte
ma
senzia
que
tema
,
those
that
understand
the
Spanish
know
it
to
be
a
place
which
cannot
modelestly
be
named
:
which
when
his
companion
beheld
,
as
detesting
such
●●eastiall
adoration
,
he
left
all
patience
,
and
with
an
acclamation
said
to
his
friend
,
Dios
à
mui
grandes
bozs●i
.
Oh
God
with
a
loud
voice
;
which
was
no
sooner
spoken
,
but
all
things
vanished
in
a
tempestuous
whirlewind
,
he
was
only
left
desolately
forsaking
,
being
three
years
before
he
could
come
to
visit
his
own
fields
and
gardens
.
Of
their
exportation
after
their
unction
,
many
Authors
testifie
,
as
upon
a
Goat
,
a
Pegasus
,
a
Night-crow
,
an
inchanted
st●ffe
,
L.
Adrianus
Ferreus
vicar
generall
amongst
the
Laodunenses
hath
left
remembred
,
that
one
Margarita
Bremontia
the
wife
of
Noel
Laveretus
confest
unto
him
that
she
with
her
mother
Mary
upon
a
munday
night
,
not
long
before
her
examination
,
came
into
a
like
assembly
at
the
mil
call'd
Franquisenum
,
which
stands
in
the
medow
neer
unto
Loginum
,
who
bestriding
a
broomstaffe
,
after
some
few
words
mumbled
to
her selfe
,
they
were
presently
transported
thither
,
where
they
found
Joanna
Roberta
,
Ioanna
Guillemina
,
Mary
the
wife
of
Simon
Agnes
,
and
Gulielma
the
wife
of
one
Grassus
,
every
one
mounted
upon
the
like
wooden
horse
;
there
met
them
six
spirits
,
or
devils
,
according
to
their
number
,
in
humane
shape
,
but
in
aspect
horrible
,
&c.
who
after
they
had
danced
together
,
every
Devil
singled
out
his
mistresse
,
and
had
with
them
mutuall
copulation
;
she
saith
the
Devil
kist
her
twice
,
and
had
her
company
for
the
space
of
halfe
an
hour
.
Guillemina
confest
the
like
,
as
also
,
Perfrigidum
semen
ab
eo
Excreatum
.
The
song
used
in
those
dances
,
was
this
;
Har
,
Har
;
Diabole
,
Diabole
;
Sali
huc
,
Sali
illuc
;
Lude
hic
,
Lude
illic
:
Then
answered
the
rest
,
Sabaoth
,
Sabaoth
,
i.
The
feast
day
of
,
&c.
Iohannes
Megerus
the
accurate
writer
of
the
Flanders
History
,
relates
that
in
the
year
1459
,
a
great
number
of
men
and
women
Witches
were
burned
,
who
publickly
confessed
their
unguents
,
transuections
,
dances
,
feasts
,
and
consociety
with
Devils
:
so
likewise
Iacobus
Sprangerus
of
German
Witches
,
in
the
Cities
and
Villages
about
Constantiensis
and
Ratisbone
,
in
the
year
1485
,
reports
the
like
.
I
could
tire
the
Reader
with
infinite
examples
,
authors
,
testates
,
and
adjurors
,
with
the
places
,
times
,
and
circumstances
,
one
or
two
at
the
most
shal
suffice
.
Ioachimus
Cameracensis
in
his
book
de
Natura
Demonum
,
tels
us
of
a
traveller
that
passing
by
night
through
a
forrest
,
hear
the
like
noise
of
musick
,
mirth
,
dancing
,
and
revels
,
and
approaching
neerer
to
discover
the
novel
,
espied
the
like
convention
,
when
on
the
sudden
the
Devils
and
Witches
all
vanished
,
and
left
behind
them
certain
bowls
and
cups
of
plate
,
with
the
names
of
the
owners
ingraven
upon
them
,
which
he
took
and
carried
the
next
day
to
the
Magistrates
,
by
which
many
of
the
Witches
were
known
,
these
discovered
others
,
all
which
were
condemned
to
the
stake
.
In
the
year
1504
,
Salvertus
being
President
amongst
the
Pictavians
,
where
he
with
Daventonius
his
fellow
President
sate
as
Judges
,
three
men
and
one
woman
were
convicted
,
and
after
doomed
to
the
fire
,
all
these
confest
the
ceremonies
in
the
before
named
nightly
meetings
:
as
also
there
was
a
Goat
placed
in
the
middest
of
them
,
whose
hinder
parts
they
all
kist
,
every
one
holding
a
lighted
candle
in
their
hand
.
At
length
with
these
lights
the
Goat
was
burned
to
ashes
,
of
which
every
of
them
received
a
quantity
This
dust
they
scattered
upon
the
thresholds
of
Houses
,
Stable
doors
,
Ox-stals
,
or
Sheep-coats
,
to
destroy
either
Children
,
Horses
,
Sheep
,
or
such
Cattel
of
their
enemies
.
This
being
distributed
amongst
them
,
the
devil
cried
with
a
loud
voice
,
Revenge
your selves
of
your
enemies
,
or
die
your selves
.
At
the
next
meeting
,
every
one
was
particularly
examined
of
the
mischiefes
they
had
done
;
and
such
as
could
not
give
just
account
of
some
or
other
ill
,
were
publiquely
mocked
and
derided
by
the
rest
,
and
after
received
so
many
stripes
as
were
adjudged
her
by
the
Devil
;
insomuch
,
that
one
Witch
confessed
she
could
never
rest
and
be
at
quiet
in
her
own
thoughts
,
unlesse
she
were
doing
some
villany
or
other
;
and
if
she
had
no
worse
work
in
hand
,
she
must
break
Pots
,
Glasses
,
pluck
out
the
Spiggots
,
and
let
the
Beer
run
out
of
the
barrels
,
into
the
Cellar
floors
,
to
keep
her
hand
in
ure
.
Of
the
power
of
Witches
,
and
Witchcraft
,
Virgil
,
who
was
held
not
to
be
the
least
amongst
the
Magicians
)
speaks
in
many
places
;
but
none
more
amply
then
Ovid
,
when
he
thus
writ
:
Quam
volui
,
ripis
ipsis
mirantibus
,
amnes
In
Fontes
rediere
suos
,
&c.
When
so
I
list
,
I
make
the
banks
admire
To
see
the
floods
back
to
their
heads
retire
,
And
stay
them
there
:
when
standing
on
the
shore
,
I
strike
the
Seas
,
I
make
the
billowes
rore
,
And
calm
them
being
angry
,
I
beat
back
The
stormy
Clouds
,
or
can
command
the
Rack
To
bring
in
sweeping
Tempsts
:
the
four
Winds
My
Incantation
doth
let
loose
,
or
binds
.
I
remove
Woods
,
shake
Mountains
:
when
I
speak
,
The
Vipers
jawes
I
by
my
spels
can
break
.
When
I
but
please
,
the
Earth
beneath
me
grones
,
And
Sepulchers
from
the
corrupted
Bones
Send
forth
their
Ghosts
,
before
my
face
t'
appear
.
I
thee
,
O
horned
Moon
,
call
from
thy
Sphear
,
&c.
Much
more
might
be
cited
out
of
the
ancient
Poets
,
to
illustrate
these
collected
out
of
our
moderne
histories
of
later
times
,
and
almost
every
day
presented
before
our
eies
.
But
this
one
shall
serve
for
mauy
.
Of
Witches
that
have
either
changed
their
own
shapes
,
or
transformed
others
.
WHether
this
be
possible
in
nature
,
or
no
,
or
whether
it
hath
any
time
been
suffered
by
the
Divine
permission
,
hath
been
a
Question
as
well
amongst
the
Theologists
as
the
Philosophers
:
It
is
no
businesse
of
mine
at
this
time
to
reconcile
their
Controversies
,
my
promise
is
only
to
acquaint
you
with
such
things
as
I
have
either
read
,
or
heard
related
:
which
if
they
erre
in
any
thing
from
truth
,
blame
not
me
,
but
the
Authors
.
Concerning
Lycantropia
,
or
men
that
change
themselves
into
Wolves
,
Doctor
Bordinus
(
generall
Procurator
for
the
King
)
relates
,
That
a
Wolfe
setting
upon
a
man
,
he
shot
him
with
an
arrow
through
the
thigh●
who
being
wounded
,
and
not
able
to
pluck
out
the
shaft
,
fled
to
his
house
,
kept
his
bed
,
being
found
to
be
a
man
,
and
the
arrow
after
known
by
him
that
shot
it
,
by
the
Lycantropies
confession
.
Those
that
are
the
diligent
Inquisitors
after
Witches
,
report
it
in
a
book
intituled
Malleum
Maleficarum
,
That
a
Countryman
was
violently
assaulted
by
three
great
Cats
,
who
in
defence
of
himself
,
wounded
them
all
dangerously
;
and
these
were
known
to
be
three
infamous
Witches
,
who
were
after
found
bleeding
,
and
by
reason
of
their
hurts
,
in
great
danger
of
death
▪
Petrus
Mamorius
in
his
book
de
Sortilegis
,
affirms
that
he
saw
the
like
in
Sabaudia
.
Henricus
Coloniensis
in
Libello
de
Lamiis
,
affirms
for
an
undoubted
truth
,
as
also
Vlricus
Molitor
in
his
book
dedicated
to
Sigismund
Caesar
,
in
a
Disputation
before
the
Emperor
,
confidently
witnesseth
,
That
he
saw
of
these
Lycantropi
(
which
have
transhaped
themselves
)
at
Constantinople
,
accused
,
convicted
,
condemned
,
and
upon
their
own
confession
delivered
unto
death
.
These
the
Germans
call
Werwolff
,
the
Frenchmen
,
Loups
Garous
;
the
Picards
,
Loups
Warous
,
i.
divers
Wolves
;
the
Greeks
call
them
Lukanthropous
,
or
Mormolukias
;
the
Latines
(
or
the
Romans
)
call
them
Versipelles
,
i.
Turn-coats
or
Turn-skins
,
as
Pliny
in
these
transmutations
hath
observed
.
Francis●●
Phoebus
Fecensis
Comes
,
in
his
book
de
Venatione
,
i.
of
Hunting
,
saith
,
That
by
the
Garouz
,
is
signified
Gardez-vous
,
i.
Guard
,
or
look
to
your selves
.
Pomponatius
and
Theophrasius
(
the
Princes
of
the
Philosophers
in
their
age
)
most
constantly
affirm
the
transmigration
of
Witches
into
Wolves
.
Gasper
Peucerus
(
an
approved
learned
man
,
and
the
Cousen
german
to
Philip
Melancthon
)
held
these
things
to
be
meer
fables
,
till
by
Merchants
of
worthy
reputation
and
credit
he
was
better
informed
(
from
certain
proofes
brought
him
from
Livonia
)
of
such
that
for
the
same
fault
were
(
upon
their
own
confessions
)
adjudged
to
death
.
These
,
and
greater
,
are
confirmed
by
Languetus
Burgundus
,
Agent
for
the
Duke
of
Saxonie
,
with
the
King
of
France
;
as
also
by
Herodotus
Neurios
,
who
affirms
these
conversions
and
〈◊〉
shapes
to
be
most
frequent
in
Livonia
.
In
the
History
of
〈◊〉
Tritemius
you
may
read
,
Anno
970.
of
a
Jew
called
Baranus
,
the
son
of
Simeon
,
who
could
transform
himself
into
▪
Wolfe
at
his
own
pleasure
.
Of
the
like
to
these
,
Herodotus
,
Homer
,
Pomponius
Mela
,
Solinus
,
Strabo
,
Dionysius
,
Afer
,
〈◊〉
Virgil
,
Ovid
,
and
many
others
have
written
,
long
before
these
times
;
as
likewise
Epanthes
,
remembred
by
Pliny
,
and
Agrippas
in
his
Olympionicis
,
who
speaks
of
one
Demaenetius
Parrhasius
,
translated
into
a
Wolfe
.
Or
who
so
would
be
better
confirmed
,
let
him
read
Olaus
Magnus
,
of
the
Nations
of
Pilapia
Narbonia
,
Fincladia
,
and
Augermania
;
or
else
Saxo
Grammatius
,
Fincelius
,
and
Gulielmus
Brabantius
.
And
therefore
those
things
are
not
altogether
incredible
,
Territus
ipse
fugit
,
noctuque
silentia
runis
Exululat
〈◊〉
que
loqui
conatur
,
&c.
Frighted
he
fli●s
,
and
having
got
The
silence
of
the
shades
,
Thinking
to
speak
he
●owls
,
and
then
The
neighbour
flo●ks
invades
.
So
much
for
monstrous
Wolves
;
I
come
now
to
meer
Witches
.
Saint
Augustine
in
his
book
de
Civitate
Dei
,
lib.
18.
cap●
17.
and
18.
tels
of
divers
hostesses
or
Ink●epers
practised
in
these
diabolicall
Arts
,
who
put
such
co●●ections
into
a
kind
of
Cheese
they
made
,
that
all
such
travellers
as
guested
with
them
,
and
eat
thereof
,
we
●●presently
metamorphosed
into
labouring
beasts
,
as
Horses
,
Asses
,
Oxen
,
all
which
they
imploied
either
in
drawing
or
bearing
of
burdens
,
or
else
let
them
out
for
Hacknies
to
gain
profit
by
their
hire
,
and
when
their
work
was
done
,
and
they
had
made
of
them
what
benefit
they
could
,
they
restored
them
to
their
pristine
shape
;
Ranulphus
,
and
Gulielmus
de
Regib
.
lib.
20.
Petrus
Damianus
,
a
man
of
approved
knowledge
and
wisdome
,
and
numbred
amongst
the
greatest
scholers
of
his
age
;
he
examines
the
Master
,
the
Piper
,
the
Witches
,
and
such
as
saw
him
leap
into
the
river
a
Beast
,
and
return
a
man
,
and
informs
Pope
Leo
the
seventh
thereof
.
All
their
examinations
and
confessions
were
taken
,
and
a
disputation
of
the
possibility
thereof
held
in
the
presence
of
the
Pope
,
before
whom
the
truth
thereof
was
acknowledged
and
recorded
.
The
same
History
is
told
by
Viacentius
in
Speculo
,
lib.
3.
cap.
109.
and
Fulgentius
lib.
8.
cap.
11.
We
read
in
Gulielmus
Archbishop
of
Tyrus
,
De
Civitate
Dei
,
lib.
18.
cap.
18.
Of
the
like
opinion
is
Paulus
Aegenita
,
Theophrastus
,
Paracethus
,
Pomponalius
and
Fernetius
,
the
excellentest
Physitians
of
their
age
,
Fern.
lib.
de
abditis
rerum
causis
.
You
may
read
in
the
History
of
Saint
Clement
,
That
Simon
Magus
transformed
Faustinianus
into
his
own
shape
,
that
he
was
not
only
unknown
to
familiar
friends
,
but
denied
and
abjured
by
his
own
wife
and
children
.
This
Simon
came
likewise
to
Nero
,
and
told
him
if
he
cut
off
his
head
,
he
would
within
three
daies
appear
to
him
alive
;
which
Nero
having
caused
to
be
done
in
a
great
confluence
of
people
,
he
came
to
him
after
according
to
his
promise
,
for
which
Nero
caused
a
Statut
to
be
erected
to
his
honour
,
and
inscribed
upon
the
same
,
Simoni
Mago
deo
▪
i.
To
Simon
Magus
the
god
.
From
which
time
Nero
wholely
applied
himselfe
to
that
devilish
Art
.
But
Simon
,
as
the
History
relates
,
had
deceived
the
eies
of
the
Emperor
with
the
multitude
,
and
had
caused
a
Goat
to
be
beheaded
in
his
shape
.
The
like
Apuleius
relates
of
himself
,
who
when
he
had
thought
he
had
slaine
three
sundry
men
with
his
own
hand
,
found
them
after
,
three
Goats
skins
effacinated
by
the
Witch
Pamphila
.
Among
these
Witches
,
it
shall
not
be
amisse
to
insert
a
she-devill
or
two
.
Franciscus
Picus
Mirandulanus
,
de
Praenotione
,
tels
of
a
Priest
who
was
a
Witch
,
called
Benedictus
Berna
,
of
the
age
of
fourscore
years
,
with
whom
he
had
conference
,
he
confessed
unto
him
that
for
the
space
of
forty
years
and
upward
he
had
carnall
consociety
with
a
shee
,
Spirit
,
who
called
her self
Hermione
,
who
continually
attended
on
him
,
but
visible
to
no
man
save
himself
.
He
further
confest
that
he
had
sucked
the
blood
of
many
infants
,
with
other
most
horrid
and
ex●●●able
commissions
;
and
in
this
Wi●●ius
and
Bodin
(
though
in
many
opinions
they
were
Antagonists
)
agree
.
They
relate
a
further
History
confirmed
by
Cardanus
de
varietat
.
lib.
15.
cap.
80.
of
one
Pinnetus
who
lived
to
the
age
of
seventy
years
and
upward
,
and
exercised
the
like
congression
with
a
Spirit
in
a
feminine
shape
,
who
called
her self
Florin●
,
and
continued
their
familiarity
and
acquaintance
for
the
space
of
forty
years
.
How
true
or
false
,
I
know
not
,
but
I
have
heard
the
like
(
not
many
years
since
)
by
an
English
Gentleman
,
whose
name
I
am
loath
to
use
,
who
had
the
like
company
of
a
Spirit
,
who
called
her selfe
Cadua
;
the
circumstances
I
cannot
discover
without
offence
,
though
they
be
worthy
both
relation
and
observation
.
Of
Witches
that
have
confest
themselves
to
have
raised
tempests
in
a
most
serene
Skie
,
with
other
things
of
no
lesse
admiration
.
IN
the
book
of
Inquisitors
,
lib.
4.
de
Malific
.
it
is
recorded
,
that
Anno
Dom.
1488.
in
Constantiensis
,
there
were
terrible
tempests
,
prodigious
hail
and
storms
,
the
like
not
seen
before
,
and
these
within
the
compasse
of
four
miles
:
but
the
air
or
temperate
heavens
beyond
that
space
seemed
no
way
disturbed
;
upon
which
the
villagers
laid
hands
upon
all
such
suspected
women
as
were
thought
to
be
of
that
devilish
practise
:
amongst
which
were
two
,
the
one
called
Anna
de
Mindele
,
the
other
Agnes
,
who
first
obstinately
denied
themselves
to
be
so
addicted
;
but
after
being
called
before
the
Magistrates
,
and
strictly
examined
apart
,
they
confest
,
that
the
one
unknown
to
the
other
,
went
into
the
fields
,
where
either
of
them
made
a
pit
in
the
earth
,
into
which
they
poured
a
certain
quantity
of
water
,
somewhat
before
noon
,
and
by
uttering
certain
words
not
fit
to
be
named
,
and
invoking
the
name
of
the
Devill
,
they
were
no
sooner
got
home
to
their
cottages
,
but
those
miraculous
storms
and
tempests
hapned
.
The
same
author
specifies
the
confession
of
another
Witch
of
the
same
place
,
who
seeing
all
her
neighbours
and
acquaintance
invited
to
a
solem
wedding
,
where
after
dinner
in
a
fair
and
temperate
day
,
all
the
guests
disposed
themselves
into
the
fields
to
sport
and
dance
,
according
to
the
custome
,
she
caused
her selfe
to
be
transported
into
the
air
by
the
Devill
,
in
the
open
day
and
sight
of
certain
shepherds
,
to
a
certain
hill
neer
unto
the
Village
,
where
because
she
had
no
water
ready
,
she
notwithstanding
digged
a
pit
,
and
for
necessity
(
because
it
is
a
ceremony
used
in
all
these
diabolicall
practises
)
she
made
water
,
which
stirring
in
the
same
pit
,
and
speaking
some
blasphemous
words
,
instantly
the
air
and
skie
which
was
then
clear
and
unclouded
,
was
filled
with
storms
,
hall
,
and
tempest
,
which
poured
with
such
vehemency
upon
the
guests
of
the
Village
,
and
upon
them
alone
,
that
they
were
pitiously
wet
and
weather-beaten
,
till
they
had
not
any
of
them
a
drie
thread
about
them
;
all
imagined
this
to
be
done
by
Witch-craft
:
the
same
woman
was
accused
by
the
shepherds
,
who
confessing
the
fact
,
was
adjudged
unto
the
stake
.
In
this
is
to
be
o●served
that
the
fruits
,
the
grain
,
nor
vines
were
blasted
,
though
there
is
a
law
extant
in
the
twelve
tables
,
Qui
〈…〉
poenas
dato
,
i.
They
that
shal
inch●●n●
or
blast
the
fields
,
let
them
be
punished
.
There
was
another
edict
which
prohibited
any
man
from
drawing
the
fertility
and
harvest
of
another
mans
field
into
his
own
ground
,
in
these
words
,
Ne
alienam
segetem
pellexeris
incantando
,
and
in
another
place
,
Ne
incantanto
ne
agrum
defraudanto
,
which
hath
reference
to
the
former
.
By
the
authority
of
these
Roman
Ordinances
specified
in
the
twelve
Tables
,
Turni●●
was
accused
by
Sparius
Albinus
,
because
when
there
was
a
dearth
in
the
Country
,
his
fields
were
only
abundant
and
plentifull
,
and
where
other
mens
cattell
died
of
the
〈◊〉
and
murren
,
his
were
fat
,
fair
,
and
in
good
plight
and
liking
:
upon
this
accitement
he
caused
his
horses
,
his
oxen
,
his
●eems
,
cattel
,
and
servants
,
all
to
appear
with
him
before
the
Senate
,
and
there
pleaded
that
the
Masters
eie
made
the
cattel
fat
,
and
his
care
and
industry
the
servant
thriving
,
sightly
,
and
in
good
liking
,
protesting
he
knew
no
other
inchantments
;
and
for
that
answer
was
acquited
by
the
Senate
.
Notwithstanding
this
we
may
read
in
Spranger●●
of
Hyppenes
and
〈◊〉
,
two
famous
Magicians
of
Germany
,
who
confessed
that
they
could
at
any
time
,
steal
the
third
part
of
the
crop
one
of
anothers
field
at
their
pleasure
,
when
by
the
most
authentick
judgements
it
is
approved
that
no
Witch
or
Conjurer
was
ever
known
to
〈◊〉
himselfe
●he
value
of
one
〈◊〉
by
his
Magick
documents
.
The
like
I
could
〈…〉
of
Pontanus
,
and
other
Authors
,
withal
〈◊〉
ancient
verse
borrowed
by
all
the
Magicians
from
Virgil
:
〈…〉
.
If
to
my
〈…〉
,
I
will
〈…〉
that
mine
.
In
the
Scottish-Chronicle
it
is
related
of
King
Dussus
to
be
troubled
with
a
strange
disease
,
that
he
could
eat
wel
,
drink
wel
,
and
in
the
constitution
of
his
body
found
no
imperfection
at
all
,
only
he
could
not
sleep
,
but
spent
the
tedious
night
in
〈◊〉
and
cold
〈◊〉
,
that
there
was
despair
of
the
Kings
〈◊〉
and
safety
.
There
was
at
length
a
〈◊〉
published
,
That
the
Moravians
(
certain
inhabitants
of
Scotland
,
once
great
rebels
and
enemies
of
the
King
,
but
since
made
regular
,
and
reconciled
to
their
faithfull
obeisance
)
had
hyred
certain
Witches
to
destroy
King
Dussus
,
upon
which
report
,
one
Dovenaldus
was
made
Prefect
to
enquire
after
this
businesse
,
and
had
authority
to
pass
into
Mor●via
,
and
if
he
found
any
such
malefactors
,
to
punish
them
according
to
their
offences
;
he
being
carefull
of
the
charge
imposed
on
him
,
had
such
good
intelligence
,
and
withall
used
such
providence
,
that
he
came
just
at
the
instant
when
certain
Witches
were
rosting
of
a
Picture
called
by
the
name
of
the
King
,
and
basted
it
with
a
certain
liquor
:
Dovenaldus
surprising
them
in
the
act
,
examined
them
,
who
confessed
the
treason
,
and
were
condemned
to
the
stake
;
at
which
instant
,
by
all
just
computation
,
the
King
recovered
and
was
restored
to
his
pristine
rest
&
health
.
After
the
same
manner
it
seems
Meleager
was
tormented
by
his
mother
,
the
Witch
Althaea
,
who
in
the
fatall
Brand
burned
him
alive
,
as
it
is
expressed
at
large
by
Ovid
in
his
Metamorph.
The
like
effascinations
we
have
had
practised
in
our
memory
even
upon
the
person
of
Queen
Elizabeth
.
A
woman
of
good
credit
and
reputation
,
Furnerius
Aureliensis
,
who
finding
himselfe
mortally
(
as
he
thought
)
diseased
,
sent
to
a
Witch
to
counsell
with
her
about
his
recovery
,
who
told
him
,
there
was
no
hope
of
his
life
,
unlesse
he
would
yield
that
his
young
son
then
sucking
at
the
Nurses
breast
)
should
have
his
mortall
infirmity
confirmed
upon
it
.
The
father
to
save
his
own
life
,
yields
that
his
son
should
perish
,
of
which
the
Nurse
hearing
,
just
at
the
hour
when
the
father
should
be
healed
,
is
absent
,
and
conceals
the
child
.
The
father
is
no
sooner
toucht
,
but
helped
of
his
disease
;
the
Witch
demands
for
the
child
,
to
transfer
it
upon
him
:
the
child
is
missing
,
and
cannot
be
found
:
which
the
Witch
hearing
,
broke
out
into
this
exclamation
,
Actum
est
,
de
me
,
puer
ubinam
est
?
i.
I
am
undone
,
where
is
the
child
?
when
scarce
having
put
her
foot
over
the
threshold
to
return
home
,
but
she
fell
down
suddenly
dead
,
her
body
being
blasted
,
and
as
black
as
an
Aethiope
.
Gregory
Turonensis
,
lib.
6.
cap.
35.
saith
,
That
when
the
wife
of
King
Chilperick
perceived
her
young
son
to
be
taken
away
by
Witchcraft
,
she
was
so
violently
incensed
and
inraged
against
the
very
name
of
a
sorceresse
,
that
she
caused
diligent
search
to
be
made
,
and
all
such
suspected
persons
upon
the
least
probability
to
be
dragged
to
the
stake
,
or
broken
on
the
wheel
,
most
of
these
confessed
that
the
Kings
son
was
bewitched
to
death
,
for
the
preservation
of
Mummo
the
great
Master
,
a
potent
man
in
the
Kingdom
:
this
man
in
the
midst
of
his
torments
smiled
,
confessing
that
he
had
received
such
inchanted
drugs
from
the
Sorcerists
,
that
made
him
unsensible
of
pain
:
but
wearied
with
the
multitude
of
torments
,
he
was
sent
to
Burdegall
,
where
he
not
long
after
died
I
desire
not
to
be
tedious
in
any
thing
:
for
innumerable
Histories
to
these
purposes
,
offer
themselves
unto
me
at
this
present
;
but
these
few
testimonies
●roceeding
from
authentique
Authors
,
and
the
attestations
〈◊〉
such
as
have
been
approvedly
learned
,
may
serve
in
this
place
,
as
well
as
to
relate
a
huge
number
of
unnecessary
discourses
from
writers
of
less
fame
and
credit
.
Neither
is
it
to
any
purpose
here
to
speak
of
the
Witches
in
Lap-land
,
Fin
land
,
and
these
miserable
&
wretched
cold
Countries
,
where
to
buy
and
sell
winds
betwixt
them
and
the
Merchants
,
is
said
to
be
as
frequent
&
familiarly
done
amongst
them
,
as
eating
and
sleeping
.
There
is
an●ther
kind
of
Witches
that
are
called
Extasists
,
D.
Boletus
visited
her
,
desiring
to
be
eie-witnesse
of
some
of
those
things
before
by
her
acknowledged
:
to
whom
the
Witch
answered
,
That
she
had
not
power
to
do
any
thing
in
prison
.
But
desirous
to
be
better
satisfied
concerning
such
things
,
he
commanded
her
for
the
present
to
be
released
,
and
brought
out
of
the
Goale
to
another
lodging
,
where
she
in
his
presence
having
annointed
her
body
with
a
certain
unguent
,
from
the
crown
to
the
heel
naked
,
fell
into
a
sodain
apoplex
,
appearing
to
them
as
dead
,
deprived
of
all
sence
or
motion
:
but
after
five
hours
returning
to
her selfe
,
as
if
she
awaked
out
of
a
dream
,
she
related
many
things
done
neer
and
far
off
in
that
interim
;
of
which
sending
to
know
the
truth
,
they
found
her
to
erre
in
nothing
:
This
was
confirmed
to
Codinus
by
an
Earl
of
great
honour
,
who
was
then
present
when
this
thing
was
done
,
Olaus
Magnus
in
his
History
,
saith
,
That
those
things
are
common
in
the
Northern
parts
of
the
world
,
and
that
the
friends
of
those
Extasis
diligently
keep
and
safeguard
their
bodies
whilst
their
spirits
are
abroad
,
either
to
carry
rings
,
tokens
,
or
letters
,
to
their
friends
,
though
never
so
far
off
,
and
bring
them
answers
back
again
,
with
infallible
tokens
of
their
being
there
.
Many
I
could
here
produce
to
the
like
purpose
,
I
will
end
with
Saint
Augustine
,
lib.
de
Civitate
Dei
18.
who
affirms
the
father
of
Prestantius
hath
confest
himselfe
to
have
been
transported
with
such
extasies
,
that
when
his
spirit
hath
returned
to
him
again
,
he
hath
constantly
affirmed
that
he
hath
been
changed
into
an
horse
,
and
in
the
company
of
others
carried
provision
into
the
camp
,
when
in
the
mean
time
his
body
was
known
to
lie
at
home
in
his
chamber
breathlesse
,
and
without
moving
,
and
this
hath
reference
to
Liranthropia
.
i.
The
changing
of
men
into
beasts
.
So
much
spoken
of
by
the
ancient
writers
,
and
now
so
frequent
in
the
Orientall
parts
of
the
world
.
Some
observe
,
as
Strangerus
Danaeus
,
and
others
,
that
no
Witch
can
weep
or
shed
a
tear
.
D.
Adamus
Martinus
,
Procurator
of
Laodunum
,
proved
upon
the
famous
Witch
Beibrana
,
whom
he
sentenced
to
the
stake
.
But
these
shall
suffice
for
this
present
,
for
Calliope
now
plucks
me
by
the
elbow
,
to
remember
her
.
Explicit
lib.
Octavus
,
Inscriptus
Urania
.
THE
NINTH
BOOK
,
inscribed
CALLIOPE
;
Intreating
of
Women
in
generall
,
with
the
punishments
appertaining
to
the
Vitious
,
and
rewards
due
to
the
Vertuous
.
WHen
I
enter
into
a
true
consideration
of
how
many
severall
Affections
,
Dispositions
,
Actions
,
and
passions
in
Women
,
I
have
had
occasion
to
speak
;
of
the
Good
and
Bad
,
Famous
,
and
Infamous
,
Vertuous
and
Dishonest
,
Illustrious
,
and
Obscure
;
next
,
of
all
Ages
,
from
the
Cradle
to
the
Grave
,
the
Swathband
to
the
Winding
sheet
;
then
,
of
all
Estates
,
Degrees
and
Callings
,
from
the
Empresse
in
the
Court
,
to
the
Shepherdesse
in
the
Village
:
when
I
next
ponder
with
my selfe
,
that
all
these
are
gathered
to
the
Earth
from
whence
they
came
;
and
that
we
(
who
are
yet
breathing
)
do
but
hourly
tread
upon
our
Graves
,
lingring
and
prolonging
a
few
uncertain
minutes
,
and
must
necessarily
follow
;
and
that
our
lives
are
but
a
Circular
motion
,
or
a
Circle
drawn
by
a
Compass
,
ending
where
it
first
began
,
being
but
as
the
wheels
of
a
Clock
wound
up
,
and
(
as
we
move
in
the
passage
of
life
)
like
the
Hand
of
a
Dyall
,
point
first
to
one
hour
,
then
a
second
,
so
to
a
third
,
still
shewing
our
years
in
our
growth
,
that
any
man
may
read
what
a
Clock
it
is
with
us
by
our
Age
:
but
when
the
Plummets
and
Weights
have
forced
our
Wheels
so
often
about
,
till
there
is
no
more
Line
left
,
then
we
cease
both
motion
,
noise
,
and
being
:
Next
,
that
all
know
they
must
die
,
but
none
the
time
when
they
shal
die
,
and
that
as
Seneca
in
Hercule
Furente
,
saith
:
Prima
quae
vitam
dedit
hora
carpsit
.
i.
That
the
first
hour
of
our
life
,
takes
an
hour
from
our
life
.
These
considerations
of
human
frailty
(
as
that
there
is
but
one
Life
,
but
many
waies
to
destroy
it
;
but
one
Death
,
but
a
thousand
means
to
hasten
it
)
moves
me
to
perswade
all
,
as
well
men
as
women
,
young
as
old
,
noble
,
as
base
,
of
both
Sexes
,
and
of
what
calling
or
condition
soever
,
to
arm
themselves
with
constancy
to
abide
it
,
and
courage
to
entertein
it
:
For
as
Ausonius
in
Perlandri
Sententiae
,
saith
,
Mortem
optare
malum
,
timere
peius
,
i.
As
it
is
ill
to
wish
death
,
so
it
is
worse
to
fear
it
:
besides
,
as
it
is
base
Cowardise
dishonourably
to
shun
●t
,
so
it
is
meer
Pusillanimity
despairingly
to
hasten
it
.
It
is
observed
,
such
as
live
best
,
dread
it
least
.
Let
this
then
perswade
you
unto
Vertue
;
since
to
the
Vicious
only
it
seems
terrible
,
why
should
we
fear
the
Grave
?
since
there
the
modest
and
chast
Virgin
lies
fearless
and
secure
,
though
by
the
side
of
the
libidinous
Adulterer
;
there
the
true
man
may
rest
,
and
though
he
have
twenty
theeves
about
him
,
sleep
soundly
,
and
never
dream
of
Robbing
;
there
the
poor
Tenant
is
not
afraid
of
his
oppressing
Landlord
;
nor
trembles
the
innocent
to
lie
next
the
wicked
and
corrupt
Judg
:
the
Handmaid
is
not
afrighted
with
the
tongue
of
her
proud
and
curst
Mistresse
,
nor
quakes
the
young
scholler
at
the
terrible
voice
of
his
Master
.
There
is
no
Brawling
,
but
all
Peace
;
no
Dissention
,
but
all
Concord
,
Unity
,
and
Equality
:
which
Propertius
in
his
third
book
,
Eleg.
5.
elegantly
illustrates
.
Haud
ullas
portabas
opes
Acherontis
ad
undas
,
Nudus
ad
Infernas
stulte
vehere
rates
,
&c.
No
wealth
thou
canst
bear
with
thee
(
O
thou
fool
)
All
naked
thou
must
passe
the
Stigian
Pool
:
There
is
no
strife
in
Weapons
,
or
in
Wits
,
But
now
the
vanquisht
with
the
victor
sits
.
The
Captive
Jugurth
hath
an
equall
place
With
Consul
Marius
;
now
in
eithers
face
Shines
Love
and
Amity
.
There
is
no
Throne
For
Lydian
Croesus
,
he
is
now
all
one
With
poor
Dulichian
Irus
:
no
regard
Of
persons
there
;
he
dies
best
,
dies
prepar'd
.
Then
,
since
all
things
acquire
and
pursue
their
ends
,
that
no
earthly
thing
hath
been
made
,
that
shall
not
be
destroied
;
why
should
we
not
with
as
much
chear
and
alacrity
welcome
our
newest
and
last
hour
,
as
the
Laborer
desires
to
rest
,
or
the
weary
Traveller
to
come
to
his
Inne
?
To
this
purpose
Seneca
speaks
in
his
Tragedy
of
Agamemnon
:
Qui
vultus
Acherontis
atri
Qui
Stygia
tristem
non
tristis
videt
,
Audetque
vitae
ponere
finem
Par
ille
Regi
,
par
superis
erit
.
Fearlesse
who
dare
gaze
upon
Black
and
grisly
Acheron
?
He
that
merrily
dare
look
On
the
gloomy
stygian
Brook
.
Who
so
bears
his
spirit
so
hie
That
he
at
any
hour
dares
die
,
A
King
he
is
in
his
degree
,
And
like
the
gods
(
in
time
)
shall
be
.
Some
may
wonder
why
I
have
took
this
occasion
to
speak
of
death
,
I
will
give
them
this
satisfaction
;
The
Muse
Calliope
,
under
whom
I
patronize
this
last
book
,
being
no
other
then
a
redundance
of
sound
,
or
one
entire
Musick
,
arising
from
eight
severall
instruments
,
and
therefore
as
she
participates
from
every
one
,
so
she
exists
of
all
;
therefore
in
this
succeeding
tractate
,
I
purpose
by
the
help
of
the
divine
assistance
,
to
take
a
briefe
survey
of
what
hath
passed
in
the
eight
former
books
,
to
shew
you
the
punishments
belonging
to
all
such
vices
as
I
have
discovered
in
the
frailty
of
the
Sex
,
to
deter
the
Vicious
,
and
expose
unto
the
eies
of
the
Noble
,
Chast
,
and
Learned
,
the
honour
and
reward
due
to
their
excellent
gifts
,
thereby
to
encourage
the
Vertuous
.
Then
since
besides
the
Shame
or
Honour
in
this
life
,
the
one
is
punished
,
and
the
other
glorified
in
the
life
to
come
,
what
more
necessary
meditation
then
(
that
we
may
live
the
better
)
hourly
to
think
of
death
,
and
that
is
the
scope
I
aim
at
:
but
before
I
can
arrive
so
far
,
I
purpose
to
deliver
to
you
the
dispositions
,
conditions
,
and
qualities
of
divers
sorts
of
women
by
me
not
yet
remembred
.
Of
Women
Ravished
,
&c.
MArpissa
the
daughter
of
Euenus
was
ravished
by
Apollo
,
she
was
the
wife
of
Idas
.
So
Proserpine
the
daughter
of
Jupiter
and
Ceres
,
by
Pluto
,
therefore
he
is
called
by
Claudian
,
Ovid
,
and
Sylus
,
lib.
14.
the
infernall
Ravisher
.
Perhibea
by
Axus
the
son
of
Oceanus
,
as
Europa
by
Jupiter
,
and
Auge
by
Hercules
.
Castor
and
Pollux
,
who
for
their
valour
were
called
Dioscuri
,
which
imports
as
much
as
the
issue
of
Jupiter
;
they
from
Messene
raped
the
two
daughters
of
Leucippus
,
Phoebe
and
Ilaira
,
whom
they
after
married
:
of
Pollux
and
Phoebe
was
begot
and
born
Mnesilius
;
of
Castor
and
Ilaira
,
Anagon
.
They
with
their
associats
,
Idas
and
Lynceas
,
the
sons
of
Aphareus
,
had
driven
away
a
great
prey
of
Cattel
;
when
they
came
to
divide
the
booty
,
a
motion
was
made
that
an
Ox
should
be
divided
into
four
,
according
to
the
number
of
the
brothers
,
with
this
condition
,
that
he
which
could
devour
his
quarter
first
,
should
have
the
one
halfe
of
the
Cattell
,
and
he
that
had
next
made
an
end
of
his
part
,
should
possesse
the
remainder
.
This
was
no
sooner
agreed
upon
,
but
Idas
suddenly
eat
up
his
own
portion
,
and
presently
devoured
that
which
belonged
to
his
brother
,
by
which
he
claimed
the
whole
herd
,
and
being
stronger
in
faction
then
the
Dioscuri
,
drave
the
prey
back
to
Meffene
.
With
which
injury
the
two
brothers
incensed
,
they
levied
fresh
forces
,
invaded
Meffene
,
and
took
from
thence
a
much
greater
booty
then
the
former
:
the
spoil
being
safely
disposed
of
,
Castor
and
Pollux
awaited
the
pursuers
,
ambushed
themselves
beneath
a
broad
spreading
Oak
,
quick-sighted
Linces
espying
Castor
,
shewed
him
to
his
brother
,
whom
Idas
slew
with
an
arrow
;
whom
Pollux
pursuing
,
transpierced
Linceus
with
his
javelin
,
and
unadvisedly
chasing
,
Idas
was
brained
by
him
with
a
stone
;
for
which
Jupiter
stroke
Idas
with
a
thunderbolt
,
and
translated
the
two
Princely
brothers
(
the
Dioscuri
)
into
stars
.
Of
these
Propert
.
lib.
1.
thus
saith
:
Non
sic
Leucippi
succendit
Castora
Phoebe
Pollucem
cultu
,
non
Ilaira
soror
▪
Fair
Phoebo
did
not
so
inflame
Her
Castor
with
desire
,
Nor
Ilaira
Pollux
brest
Deckt
in
her
best
attire
.
Theseus
rapt
Ariadne
daughter
of
King
Ninus
,
as
also
Hellen
the
daughter
of
Tindarus
and
Laeda
,
and
sister
to
Castor
and
Pollux
,
long
before
Paris
,
but
returned
her
back
unvitiated
.
Achilles
forced
Diomeda
the
daughter
of
Phorbas
from
Lesbos
,
as
Boreas
the
fair
Orithea
daughter
of
Erisicthon
from
Athens
;
Hercules
ravished
the
Nymph
Pyrene
of
Bebritia
,
from
her
the
Pyrenaean
Mountains
took
name
,
of
whom
Syllius
:
Nomen
Bebricia
duxere
à
virgine
colles
Hospitis
Alcidae
crimen
,
&c.
From
the
Behrician
maid
these
bils
took
name
,
Of
her
guest
Hercules
,
the
fault
and
blame
.
Pyrrhus
surnamed
Neoptolemus
the
sonne
of
Achilles
and
Deiadamia
rapt
Lanissa
the
Niece
of
Hercules
,
Ajax
the
son
of
Telamon
did
the
like
to
T●●messa
,
of
whom
Horace
:
Movit
Ajacem
Telamone
satam
Forma
captivae
dominum
Te●m●ssae
.
Captive
Te●messas
beauty
gaz'd
upon
,
Insnar'd
her
Lord
,
the
son
of
Telamon
.
Ajax
Oilaeus
ravished
Cassandra
,
Nessus
the
Centaur
,
Deineira
the
wife
of
Hercules
,
sister
to
Meleager
,
and
daughter
to
Oeneus
and
Althea
King
and
Queen
of
Calidon
.
Tleoptolemus
stole
Axiothia
from
Ephira
a
City
of
Peloponnessus
,
he
was
the
son
of
Hercules
and
Astioche
,
he
wa●
first
a
suitor
to
Hellen
,
and
came
to
the
siege
of
Troy
with
nine
ships
,
and
was
after
slain
by
the
hand
of
King
Sarpedon
.
Hypodamia
the
daughter
of
Atracius
and
wife
of
Perithous
,
suffered
the
like
violence
by
the
Centaurs
,
being
heated
with
Wine
and
Lust
,
especially
by
Euritus
,
of
whom
Ovid
lib.
12.
thus
speaks
:
Euritus
,
Hyppodamea
,
alii
quam
quisque
probabat
Aut
poterat
rapiunt
—
Euritus
rapt
Hyppodame
,
and
after
him
,
the
rest
By
his
example
did
the
like
,
and
snatcht
where
they
lik'd
best
.
The
great
enmity
betwixt
the
Grecians
and
Barbarians
,
though
it
might
seem
to
arise
by
reason
of
the
distance
of
Countries
and
difference
of
manners
;
yet
most
probable
it
is
that
their
inveterate
hate
and
irreconcilable
malice
,
took
first
originall
from
divers
rapes
committed
on
either
part
:
for
first
the
Phoenician
Merchants
,
exposing
their
commodities
to
publique
sale
in
the
City
of
Argis
,
when
Io
the
Kings
daughters
amongst
other
damosels
came
down
to
the
Key
to
take
a
view
of
what
Merchandise
she
best
liked
,
to
furnish
her selfe
according
to
her
womanish
fancy
,
the
Merchants
being
extreamly
surprized
with
her
beauty
,
seized
both
her
and
the
rest
of
her
attendants
,
and
stowing
them
under
hatches
,
hoised
sail
,
and
transported
them
into
Aegypt
.
Not
long
after
,
the
Cretenses
awaiting
the
like
opportunity
,
stole
away
Europa
,
the
daughter
of
the
King
of
the
Tyrians
,
and
bore
her
into
Creet
,
in
requitall
of
the
former
rape
.
The
Heroes
of
Greece
next
,
sailed
in
the
great
Argoe
to
Cholcos
,
pretending
their
journie
for
the
golden
fleece
,
and
raped
thence
Medea
the
daughter
of
Areta
;
after
whom
sending
Embassadors
into
Greece
to
redemand
his
daughter
,
they
returned
him
answer
,
That
the
barbarous
Phoenicians
had
made
no
restitution
nor
satisfaction
at
all
for
the
rape
of
Io
,
neither
would
they
for
Medea
.
After
that
,
Paris
the
son
of
Priam
,
rather
to
revenge
the
injury
done
to
his
Aunt
Hesione
,
then
for
any
love
or
affection
to
Spartan
Hellen
,
stole
her
from
Lacedemon
,
and
brought
her
to
Troy
in
Asia
.
The
Princes
of
Greece
redemanding
her
,
answer
was
returned
,
That
since
they
made
no
restitution
of
Europa
,
nor
of
Medea
,
nor
Hesione
,
neither
would
they
of
Hellena
:
which
was
the
originall
of
that
memorable
siege
of
Troy
,
and
the
destruction
of
that
famous
City
,
Herodotus
,
lib.
1.
Thrasimenes
being
enamored
of
the
fair
daughter
of
Pisistratus
,
and
his
affection
daily
more
and
more
encreasing
,
he
gathered
himselfe
a
society
of
young
men
,
and
watching
the
Lady
when
she
came
with
other
young
damosels
to
offer
sacrifice
(
according
to
the
custome
of
the
Country
)
by
the
Sea
side
,
with
their
swords
drawn
,
they
set
upon
the
company
that
attended
her
,
and
having
dispersed
them
,
snatched
her
up
,
and
hurrying
her
aboord
,
sailed
with
her
towards
Aegina
.
But
Hyppias
the
eldest
son
of
Pisistratus
,
being
then
at
Sea
to
clear
those
coasts
of
Pirats
,
by
the
swiftnesse
of
their
Oars
,
imagined
them
to
be
of
the
fellowship
of
the
Sea-robbers
,
pursued
them
,
boorded
them
,
and
took
them
;
who
finding
his
sister
there
,
brought
her
back
with
the
ravishers
.
Thrasimenes
with
the
rest
of
his
faction
being
brought
before
Pisistratus
,
notwithstanding
his
known
austerity
,
would
neither
do
him
honor
,
nor
use
towards
him
the
least
submission
,
but
with
bold
and
undaunted
constancy
attended
their
sentence
,
telling
him
,
That
when
the
attempt
was
first
proposed
,
they
then
armed
themselves
for
death
and
all
disasters
.
Pisistratus
admiring
their
courage
and
magnanimity
,
which
shewed
the
greater
in
regard
of
their
youth
,
called
his
daughter
before
him
,
and
in
the
presence
of
his
nobility
,
to
recompence
his
celsitude
of
mind
&
spirit
freely
bestowed
her
upon
Thrasymenes
;
by
which
mens
he
reconciled
their
opposition
,
and
enterteined
them
into
new
faith
and
obedience
,
no
more
expressing
himselfe
a
Tyrant
,
but
a
loving
and
bountiful
father
,
and
withall
a
popular
Citizen
,
Polin
.
lib.
5.
The
daughters
of
King
Adrastus
were
ravished
by
Acesteneutrix
,
as
Statius
lib.
1.
hath
left
remembred
,
Buenus
the
son
of
Mars
and
Sterope
married
Marpiss●
daughter
to
Oenemaus
and
Alcippa
,
whom
Apharetas
espying
,
as
she
danced
amongst
other
Ladies
,
grew
enamoured
of
,
and
●orcibly
rapt
her
from
her
company
,
Plutarch
in
Paral.
Hersilia
,
with
the
Sabine
Virgins
,
were
likewise
rap'd
by
Romulus
and
his
souldiers
,
at
large
described
by
Ovid.
lib.
de
Arte
Amandi
,
1.
Lucrece
,
the
chast
Roman
Matron
,
was
stuprated
by
Sextus
Tarquinius
:
of
whom
Seneca
in
Octavia
thus
saith
,
Nata
Lucreti
stuprum
saevi
passa
Tyranni
.
Eudoxia
being
left
by
Valentinianus
,
was
basely
ravished
by
the
Tyrant
Maximus
,
who
usurped
in
the
Empire
;
for
which
she
invited
Gensericus
out
of
Africk
,
to
avenge
her
of
the
shame
and
dishonour
done
unto
her
.
Sigebertus
in
Chronicu
.
The
same
Author
tels
us
of
Ogdilo
,
Duke
of
Boiaria
,
who
forced
the
sister
of
King
Pepin
:
for
which
injury
done
to
her
,
the
King
oppressed
him
with
a
cruell
and
boody
war
.
Of
Handmaids
,
Nurses
,
Midwives
,
and
Stepdames
.
PEecusa
was
a
Handmaid
to
Diana
,
whom
Martial
.
lib.
1.
thus
remembers
:
Et
●●eidit
sectis
I●la
Pl●cusa
Crinis
.
Lagopice
is
another
.
lib.
7.
remembred
by
the
same
Author
.
Cibale
was
the
maid-servant
to
a
poor
man
called
Similus
,
remembred
by
Virgil
in
Morete
.
Phillis
Troiana
was
the
Handmaid
to
Phoceus
,
as
Briseis
was
to
Achilles
.
Pliny
,
lib.
36.
cap.
27.
makes
Ocrisia
the
damosell
to
the
Queen
Tanaquil
:
so
Horace
makes
Cassandra
to
Agamemnon
.
Gyge
(
as
Plutarch
relates
)
was
such
to
Parysatis
Queen
of
Persia
,
and
mother
to
Cyrus
.
Thressa
was
maid-servant
to
Thales
Milesius
,
who
(
as
Theodoricus
Cyrenensis
affirms
)
when
she
saw
her
Master
come
home
dirty
and
miry
,
as
being
newly
crept
out
of
a
ditch
,
chid
him
exceeding
for
gazing
at
the
Stars
to
find
those
hidden
things
above
,
and
had
not
the
foresight
to
see
what
lay
below
at
his
feet
,
but
he
must
stumble
.
Herodotus
in
Euterpe
cals
Rhodope
(
the
famous
Aegyptian
)
the
Handmaid
of
Iadmon
Samius
,
a
Philosopher
.
Elos
was
a
damosell
to
King
Athamas
,
from
whom
a
great
City
in
Achaia
took
denomination
,
and
was
called
Aelos
.
Lardana
(
as
Herodotus
affirms
)
was
at
first
no
better
then
a
servant
,
from
whom
the
noble
Family
of
the
Heraclidae
derive
their
first
orginall
.
Titula
(
otherwise
called
Philotis
)
was
a
Roman
Virgin
of
the
like
condition
,
and
is
remembred
for
such
by
Plutarch
in
Camillo
,
as
also
by
Macrob.
lib.
1.
Saturnalium
.
Proconnesia
is
remembred
by
Pliny
,
who
in
one
day
brought
forth
two
children
,
the
one
like
her
Master
,
and
the
other
like
another
man
with
whom
she
had
had
company
;
and
being
born
,
delivered
either
child
to
his
father
.
Lathris
was
the
handmaid
to
Cinthia
,
so
much
spoken
of
by
Propert.
as
Cypassis
was
to
Cersinna
the
mistresse
of
Ovid
:
of
whom
he
thus
writes
,
Eleg.
lib.
2.
Commendis
in
mille
modis
praefecta
capillis
Comere
sed
solas
digna
Cipasse
Deas
.
She
rules
her
mistresse
hair
(
her
skill
is
such
)
A
thousand
severall
waies
,
to
her
desires
:
O
,
worthy
none
but
goddesses
to
touch
,
To
comb
and
deck
their
heads
in
costly
Tires
.
Chionia
was
Hand-maid
to
the
blessed
Anastasia
,
so
likewise
was
Galanthis
to
Al●mena
,
the
mother
of
Hercules
;
of
whom
,
the
same
Author
,
lib.
9.
thus
saies
:
Vna
ministrarium
media
de
plebe
Galanthis
Flava
comas
aderat
faciendis
strenua
jussis
.
Amidst
them
all
Galanthis
stood
,
With
bright
and
yellow
hair
,
A
〈◊〉
that
quick
and
nimble
was
Things
needfull
to
prepare
.
From
Hand-maids
I
proceed
to
Nur●es
:
Annius
upon
Berosus
,
and
Calderinus
upon
Statius
,
nominace
Caphyrna
or
Calphur●●a
,
the
daughter
of
Oceanus
,
to
have
been
the
Nurse
of
Neptune
,
as
Amalthea
and
Melissa
were
to
Jupiter
,
who
fed
him
with
the
milk
of
a
Goat
in
his
infancy
,
when
he
was
concealed
from
his
father
.
Hence
it
came
,
that
the
Poets
fabled
how
Jupiter
was
nursed
by
a
Goat
,
for
which
courtesie
he
was
translated
amongst
the
stars
:
Others
say
he
was
nursed
by
Adrastea
and
Ida
,
the
two
daughters
of
King
Melisaeus
;
for
so
Erasmus
teacheth
in
the
explanation
of
the
Adage
,
Copiae
Cornu
.
Ino
was
the
nurse
of
Bacchus
,
as
Ovid
witnesseth
in
Ib.
where
he
likewise
cals
her
the
Aunt
to
Bacchus
,
in
this
Verse
:
Vt
teneri
Nutrix
eadem
Matertera
Bacchi
.
Of
the
same
opinion
with
him
,
is
Statius
,
lib.
2.
Silv.
But
Ammonius
Grammaticus
makes
Fesula
the
woman
that
gave
him
such
:
Pliny
cals
her
Nysa
,
&
saith
she
was
buried
neer
to
the
City
Scythopolis
Polycha
was
the
Nurse
of
Oedipus
,
who
fostered
him
when
his
father
Laius
cast
him
out
in
his
infancy
,
because
the
Oracle
had
foretold
he
should
perish
by
the
hand
of
his
son
.
Barce
was
the
Nurse
of
Sychaeus
,
the
most
potent
and
rich
King
of
the
Phoenicians
,
and
husband
to
Dido
:
Her
,
Virgil
remembers
,
Aenead
.
lib.
4.
Charme
was
Nurse
to
the
Virgin
Scilla
:
of
whom
the
same
Author
in
Syri
,
thus
saies
:
Illa
autem
,
quid
nunc
me
inquit
Nutricula
torques
?
i.
Why
,
O
Nurse
,
dost
thou
thus
torment
me
?
Beroe
Epidauria
was
Nurse
to
Cadmeian
Semele
,
the
mother
of
Bacchus
,
as
Aceste
was
to
the
daughters
of
Adrastus
.
Stat.
lib.
1.
Theb.
Eupheme
is
memorated
to
be
the
Nurse
to
the
Muses
:
she
had
a
son
called
Erotus
,
who
inhabited
the
mountain
Pernassus
,
and
was
wholly
devoted
to
Hunting
,
and
the
Chase
.
Spaco
was
Nurse
to
Cyrus
,
who
because
that
word
in
the
Median
Language
signifies
a
Brache
;
for
so
saith
Herodotus
in
Clio.
Archimorus
(
the
son
Licurgus
King
of
Thrace
,
whose
Nurse
was
called
Hypsiphyle
,
being
left
by
her
in
the
fields
,
was
fed
by
a
Serpent
,
Teste
Statio
Ericlia
,
or
Euriclia
,
was
the
Nurse
to
Vlysses
.
Homer
.
in
Odyss.
and
Ovid.
in
Epist.
Cajeta
was
Nurse
to
Aeneas
,
lib.
7.
Aenead
.
Tu
quoque
●●toribus
nostris
Aeneia
Nutrix
Aeternam
moriens
famam
Cajeta
dedisti
.
And
thou
Aeneas
Nurse
,
Cajeta
,
Vnto
our
Shores
hast
left
A
never
dying
fame
,
because
(
There
)
of
thy
life
bereft
.
Alcibiades
had
a
Nurse
,
whose
name
was
Ami●la
,
or
as
some
would
have
it
Amida
;
his
schoolmaster
was
Zopyrus
,
so
saith
Plutarch
in
Lycurg
&
Alcibiad
.
Hellanice
was
the
Nurse
to
Alexander
the
great
,
witnesse
Qu.
Curtius
.
Acca
Laventia
was
Nurse
to
Alexander
,
so
saith
Pliny
lib.
18.
cap.
2.
so
Statius
lib.
1.
Sil.
in
this
Disticon
.
Jam
secura
parens
Thuscis
regnabat
in
agris
,
Ilia
,
portantem
lassabat
Romulus
Accam
.
Our
parent
Ilia
now
secure
The
Tuscan
waters
keeps
,
The
whilst
in
Accaes
wearied
arms
Young
Romulus
fast
sleeps
.
Yet
Livy
.
and
almost
all
the
Roman
Historiographers
write
,
rhat
Romulus
and
Remus
were
nursed
by
Lupa
,
wife
to
the
shepherd
Faustulus
;
she
was
so
called
,
because
she
prostituted
her selfe
for
gain
:
they
were
cast
out
by
the
King
Amulius
,
and
was
found
by
the
bounds
of
Tyber
.
Pliny
cals
her
Acca
Laurentia
.
Philix
was
Nurse
to
the
Emperor
Domitian
,
who
when
he
was
slain
,
and
his
corse
lay
derided
and
neglected
,
took
up
his
body
,
and
putting
it
into
a
common
Bear
,
caused
it
by
ordinary
and
mercenary
bearers
,
to
be
carried
to
the
suburbs
wherein
she
lived
,
and
interred
it
in
the
Latin
high
way
,
Author
Sueton.
Macrina
was
a
pious
and
religious
woman
,
the
disciple
and
scholer
of
Greg.
Neocaesariensis
,
she
was
Norse
and
school
mistress
(
in
the
first
foundation
of
Christian
Religion
)
to
the
great
Basilius
,
as
he
himselfe
witnesseth
in
an
Epistle
to
the
Neocaesarienses
.
From
Nurses
,
a
word
or
two
of
Midwives
.
Phaenarite
was
one
,
the
mother
of
Athenean
Socrates
,
she
is
remembred
to
be
the
first
that
disputed
of
Morality
(
that
which
we
call
Ethick
Instructions
)
and
taught
the
mysticall
Philosophy
of
the
Stars
and
Planets
,
how
it
might
be
made
familiar
and
have
correspondence
with
our
humane
and
terrestriall
actions
.
The
son
imitated
the
mother
,
and
proved
as
happy
a
Midwife
of
the
mind
,
as
she
of
the
body
,
both
helping
into
the
world
ripe
,
timely
,
and
fruitful
issues
.
Volaterran
.
lib.
19.
Laertius
in
ejus
vita
,
and
Valerius
Maxim.
lib.
3.
cap.
4.
Pliny
,
lib.
28.
cap.
7.
speaks
of
two
Midwives
,
the
one
called
Sotyra
,
the
other
Salpe
,
whose
opinions
and
rules
he
observeth
in
the
cures
of
many
diseases
;
of
Salpe
he
speaks
more
largely
,
lib.
32.
cap.
6.
Lycosthenes
speaks
of
one
Philippa
Midwife
to
Iolanta
,
who
indured
many
distresses
and
changes
of
fortune
.
Of
Stepmothers
I
will
only
name
some
few
and
so
passe
them
over
,
because
where
they
be
,
can
be
exprest
nothing
but
malice
and
unnaturall
cruelty
in
women
.
The
histories
must
of
force
appear
harsh
and
unpleasant
;
besides
,
some
of
their
bloody
acts
I
have
touched
before
under
another
title
.
Ino
was
Stepmother
to
Phrixus
,
and
Helles
the
daughter
of
Athamus
;
Hyppodamia
,
to
Chrisippus
;
Stratonice
,
to
Antiochus
Soter
;
Julia
,
to
Anton.
Caracalla
;
Gedica
,
to
Cominius
;
Juno
,
to
Hercules
;
Opaea
,
to
Scylis
King
of
Scythia
;
Eribaea
,
to
Mercury
;
Alphriga
,
to
Edward
the
second
of
that
name
before
the
Conquest
,
King
of
England
;
Martina
,
to
Constantinus
Heraclius
whom
she
slew
by
poison
,
&c.
Of
Women
for
their
Piety
and
Devotion
remembred
in
the
sacred
Scriptures
.
I
Desire
to
leave
nothing
unspecified
,
or
not
remembred
in
this
work
,
that
might
not
make
the
excellency
of
good
Women
oppose
in
all
contradiction
,
the
excesse
of
the
bad
;
and
to
draw
(
if
it
were
possible
)
the
worst
to
the
imitation
of
the
best
.
Hanapus
,
cap.
125.
commemorates
these
:
Rebecka
,
who
when
she
saw
the
servant
of
Abraham
at
the
Well
where
she
came
to
draw
water
,
and
desiring
to
drink
;
answered
cheerfully
,
and
without
delay
,
Drink
,
Sir
,
and
I
will
also
draw
water
for
thy
Camels
,
till
they
have
all
drunk
their
fill
,
Genes.
24.
The
Midwives
feared
God
,
and
did
not
according
to
the
command
of
Pharaoh
King
of
Aegypt
,
but
preserved
the
male-children
whom
they
might
have
destroied
,
Exodus
1.
The
daughter
of
Pharaoh
comming
down
to
the
river
to
wash
her selfe
(
with
her
handmaid
)
and
finding
the
young
child
Moses
in
the
Ark
amongst
the
bulrushes
,
she
had
compassion
on
the
infant
,
and
said
,
Surely
this
is
a
child
of
the
Hebrews
;
so
caused
him
to
be
nursed
,
brought
up
in
her
fathers
Court
,
and
after
adopted
him
to
be
her
son
,
Exod.
2.
Rahab
the
strumpe●
,
when
she
knew
the
spies
of
Joshua
to
be
pursued
,
and
in
danger
of
death
,
concealed
them
,
and
returned
them
safe
to
the
army
,
Josh.
2.
The
messengers
that
were
sent
to
David
in
the
wildernesse
,
to
inform
him
of
the
proceeding
of
his
son
Absolon
,
were
by
a
woman
hid
in
a
Well
which
she
covered
,
and
by
that
means
deluded
their
pursuers
,
1
King
.
2.
17.
When
two
common
women
contended
before
Solomon
,
about
the
living
and
dead
infant
,
the
one
had
a
tender
and
relenting
breast
,
and
could
not
endure
to
see
the
living
child
perish
,
1
Kin.
3.
3.
The
widdow
woman
of
Zarephath
enterteined
Eliah
as
her
guest
,
and
by
her
he
was
relieved
,
1
King
.
17
▪
9.
The
Shunamitish
woman
,
perswaded
with
her
husband
,
that
the
Prophet
Elisaeus
might
have
a
convenient
lodging
in
her
house
,
to
go
and
come
at
his
pleasure
,
1
King
.
4.
2.
When
wicked
Athalia
had
given
strict
command
to
destroy
all
the
Kings
seed
,
Josaba
the
daughter
of
King
Ioram
took
Ioas
,
one
of
the
Kings
children
,
and
by
hiding
him
out
of
the
way
,
preserved
his
life
,
1
King
.
4.
&
11.
Hester
having
commiseration
of
her
people
(
when
a
severe
edict
was
published
to
destroy
them
all
,
and
sweep
them
from
the
face
of
the
earth
)
she
exposed
her selfe
(
with
the
great
danger
of
her
own
life
)
to
the
displeasure
of
King
Ahashuerosh
,
purchasing
thereby
the
freedome
of
her
Nation
,
and
her
own
sublimity
,
Hester
4.
5.
Women
ministred
to
the
Savior
of
the
world
in
his
way
as
he
went
preaching
to
the
Towns
and
Cities
,
Luke
8.
when
he
walked
from
place
to
place
,
preaching
and
teaching
,
he
is
said
never
to
have
had
more
free
and
faithfull
welcome
,
then
in
the
house
of
Martha
and
Mary
,
Luke
10.
Iohn
12.
When
the
Scribes
and
Pharisees
blasphemed
at
the
hearing
and
seeing
the
Doctrine
and
Miracles
of
Christ
,
a
certain
woman
giving
devour
attention
to
his
words
,
as
extasi'd
with
his
divine
Sermon
,
burst
forth
into
this
acclamation
,
Blessed
be
the
womb
that
bare
thee
,
and
the
brests
that
gave
thee
suck
.
Luke
11.
Christ
being
in
Bethania
,
in
the
house
of
Simon
the
leaper
,
as
he
sate
at
the
table
,
there
came
a
woman
with
a
box
of
ointment
of
Spicknard
,
very
costly
,
and
she
brake
the
box
,
and
poured
it
upon
his
head
;
and
when
some
said
,
disdaining
,
To
what
end
is
this
wast
,
for
it
might
have
been
sold
for
more
then
300
pence
,
and
given
to
the
poor
:
Jesus
said
,
Let
her
alone
,
she
hath
wrought
a
good
work
on
me
,
&c.
and
proceeded
,
Verily
I
say
unto
you
,
wheresoever
this
Gospell
shall
be
preached
throughout
the
whole
world
,
this
also
that
she
hath
done
,
shall
be
spoken
in
remembrance
of
her
.
The
woman
of
Canaan
was
so
full
of
naturall
pitty
,
and
maternall
piety
,
that
she
counted
her
daughters
misery
and
affliction
her
own
,
when
she
said
to
Jesus
,
Have
mercy
upon
me
,
O
Lord
,
the
son
of
David
,
for
my
daughter
is
sore
vexed
with
an
evill
Spirit
,
Mat.
15.
The
women
stood
by
to
see
the
Lord
suffer
,
and
followed
the
crosse
when
he
was
forsaken
of
his
Apostles
,
Luke
23.
Iohn
19.
They
were
carefull
likewise
to
visit
him
in
his
sepulcher
,
Mat.
28.
Luke
24.
The
wife
of
Pilat
had
more
compassion
of
Christ
,
and
more
unwilling
that
he
should
suffer
upon
the
crosse
,
then
any
man
of
whom
the
Scripture
makes
mention
,
Mat.
27.
Mark
16.
Iohn
20.
For
deeds
of
charity
,
and
dealing
alms
to
the
poor
and
needy
widdowes
and
Orphans
,
they
intreated
Peter
(
weeping
)
that
he
would
visit
Tabitha
being
dead
;
who
moved
with
their
tears
,
kneeled
and
praied
,
at
whose
intercessions
she
was
restored
to
life
,
Acts
9.
Herod
having
slain
Iames
the
brother
of
Iohn
with
the
sword
,
and
seeing
that
it
pleased
the
people
,
he
proceeded
further
to
take
Peter
,
and
put
him
in
prison
,
delivering
him
to
the
charge
of
four
quaternions
of
souldiers
to
be
kept
:
but
the
Angel
of
the
Lord
appeared
to
him
in
the
night
,
took
off
his
double
chains
,
and
led
him
out
of
prison
,
who
having
past
the
first
and
second
watch
,
the
iron
gate
opened
to
the
Angel
and
him
;
and
finding
that
which
he
thought
to
be
a
vision
,
to
be
a
reall
truth
,
he
came
to
the
house
of
Mary
the
mother
of
Iohn
,
whose
surname
was
Mark
,
where
many
had
separated
themselves
to
praier
.
Peter
knocking
,
a
maid
(
whose
name
was
Rhode
)
came
to
the
door
,
who
hearing
and
knowing
Peters
voice
,
the
Scripture
saith
,
the
opened
not
the
door
for
gladnesse
,
but
ran
in
and
told
them
that
Peter
stood
without
at
the
entry
.
In
which
are
to
be
observed
two
memorable
women
for
their
zeal
&
piety
,
〈…〉
,
whose
joy
was
so
great
at
the
very
〈…〉
from
the
prison
of
Herod
:
and
Mary
〈…〉
was
a
devout
harboresse
,
and
〈…〉
disciples
of
Christ
into
〈…〉
persecution
)
to
perform
their
zealous
and
〈…〉
,
Acts
12.
Lydia
〈…〉
purple
beleeving
〈…〉
which
Paul
preached
,
was
baptised
with
her
〈…〉
,
after
which
she
intreated
them
in
their
words
〈…〉
think
me
worthy
(
saith
she
)
to
be
a
faithful
servant
〈◊〉
Lord
and
God
,
vouchsafe
to
enter
my
house
,
〈…〉
here
and
she
compelled
us
,
as
Luke
●aith
.
By
which
is
concluded
,
that
women
have
been
the
ready
,
willing
,
and
devo●●
hearers
of
the
word
of
God
,
Acts
1●
.
Many
(
〈◊〉
question
)
zealous
and
religious
●omen
have
to
their
power
strived
to
imitate
those
with
their
best
of
industry
.
Amongst
others
I
might
instance
one
,
now
of
a
great
age
,
as
having
much
past
that
number
by
which
David
reckons
the
years
of
man
,
yet
from
her
youth
hath
lead
a
life
without
any
noted
stain
of
blemish
,
devout
in
her
zeal
,
remarkable
in
her
charity
,
beloved
of
all
,
hated
of
none
,
a
Physitian
to
the
sick
,
and
Chirurgion
to
the
wounded
,
who
with
her
own
hands
hath
sent
more
lame
and
diseased
persons
from
her
gate
whole
and
sound
,
then
Lazarus
had
sores
about
him
when
he
lay
at
the
rich
mans
gate
unrelieved
,
she
feeding
with
loaves
,
when
that
purple
glutton
would
not
spare
crums
,
she
doing
this
out
of
a
widowes
mite
,
when
he
would
not
do
any
thing
out
of
a
Mammons
treasures
happy
be
her
resurrection
,
as
her
birth
was
hopefull
,
whose
name
at
the
Font
was
a
future
prediction
to
her
blessednesse
above
;
Felicity
she
is
called
on
Earth
,
Eternall
Felicity
may
she
enjoy
in
Heaven
.
Peter
de
Loyre
a
French
,
in
his
book
of
Specters
,
Sights
,
and
Appa●itions
,
hath
very
well
observed
,
that
the
Syrens
and
Muses
may
be
in
some
sort
compared
together
:
for
as
there
are
three
sorts
of
Nymphs
,
namely
,
of
Air
,
Water
,
and
Earth
,
so
there
are
of
the
Muses
,
some
that
take
their
being
from
the
continuall
moving
and
stirring
of
Waters
;
a
second
,
made
by
the
agitation
of
the
Air
engendring
sounds
;
a
third
from
the
Earth
,
which
is
called
Voice
,
or
distinguishable
words
spoken
to
the
capacity
of
the
hearer
.
So
of
the
Syrens
,
Parthenope
presented
with
a
womanish
,
amiable
,
and
inchanting
face
,
importeth
the
Voice
,
and
proceedeth
from
the
Earth
,
as
of
the
three
the
most
materiall
and
weighty
.
Ligia
denoteth
Harmony
,
arrising
from
the
melodious
sounds
of
the
Air.
And
Le●eosia
called
Alba
dea
,
or
the
white
goddesse
,
is
the
Hieroglyphick
of
the
ebbing
and
flowing
in
the
Sea
,
which
begetteth
the
white
froth
or
some
of
which
Venus
is
said
to
be
engendred
:
so
that
by
these
three
,
the
Nymphs
,
the
Muses
,
and
the
Syrens
are
comprehended
:
the
art
of
Musick
existing
of
three
things
,
Harmony
,
Rythme
,
and
Number
;
Harmony
proceeding
from
the
air
;
Number
from
the
Sea
,
bounded
within
his
compass
,
yet
as
we
see
in
Hexameter
and
Pentameter
,
and
other
verse
,
ebbing
and
flowing
,
according
to
the
growth
and
wane
of
the
Moon
.
To
these
is
added
the
Voice
,
which
the
Greeks
call
Logos
,
the
French
Romans
Dictier
.
To
Harmony
are
appropriated
Sounds
;
to
Number
or
Rythme
,
Dances
;
and
to
the
Voice
,
all
kind
of
Verse
.
But
to
come
to
my
present
purpose
,
all
these
including
one
generall
musick
,
and
Calliope
as
she
participates
from
every
one
,
so
comprehending
all
,
I
think
it
not
impertinent
,
as
in
a
consort
many
Instruments
make
but
one
melody
,
so
in
this
book
to
recollect
my selfe
,
and
give
you
a
taste
of
many
or
the
most
heads
discoursed
of
in
the
former
,
the
better
to
put
you
in
mind
of
the
penalty
due
to
the
Vicious
,
and
the
guerdon
and
reward
stored
for
the
Vertuous
,
and
that
in
compendious
History
.
The
Goddesses
,
Nymphs
,
Graces
,
Muses
,
Sybils
,
Vestals
,
&c.
I
omit
,
as
sufficiently
spoken
of
,
and
apply
my selfe
to
things
more
familiar
and
necessary
to
instruction
.
I
begin
with
the
bad
,
because
my
desire
is
to
end
with
the
best
,
and
of
Incest
first
.
The
sister
of
Leucippus
.
I
Insist
not
of
the
several
sorts
of
Incest
,
neither
purpose
I
to
stand
upon
the
multiplicity
of
History
,
let
this
one
serve
to
remember
you
of
the
former
.
Leucippus
the
son
of
Xanthius
,
who
derived
his
Genealogy
from
Bellerophon
,
he
was
excellent
both
in
strength
and
valour
above
all
that
lived
in
his
daies
,
not
in
private
contentions
only
,
but
in
forreign
combustions
,
he
demeaned
himself
with
such
discretion
and
courage
,
that
having
subdued
the
Lycians
,
and
awed
all
the
neighbor
nations
about
him
,
having
no
enemy
to
invade
,
nor
opposite
people
to
lift
up
a
rebellious
hand
against
him
,
he
retired
himselfe
into
his
Country
,
and
laying
aside
his
victorious
arms
which
won
him
fame
and
honour
abroad
,
he
abandoned
himselfe
to
ease
,
and
the
private
pleasures
of
his
fathers
house
,
and
now
wanting
other
imploiment
(
as
idlenesse
is
the
greatest
corrupter
of
vertue
)
he
began
to
entertein
such
unusuall
flames
,
and
unaccustomed
cogitations
,
as
before
he
had
no
time
to
feel
,
or
leisure
to
think
on
;
for
now
he
cast
his
incestuous
eie
upon
his
sister
.
His
passions
much
troubled
him
,
at
the
first
,
and
all
possible
means
he
used
to
shake
them
off
,
but
in
vain
:
he
lived
in
the
same
house
with
her
,
they
dieted
at
one
table
,
had
liberty
of
unsuspected
conference
,
and
he
having
nothing
else
to
do
,
had
only
leisure
to
meditate
on
that
which
was
fearful
to
apprehend
,
but
horrible
to
enterprize
.
To
this
purpose
Ovid
with
great
elegancy
in
remed.
Amor.
lib.
1.
speaking
of
Aegistus
,
who
in
the
absence
of
Agamemnon
adulterated
his
Queen
Clitemnestra
,
thus
writes
:
Queritur
Aegistus
quare
sit
factus
adulter
?
In
promptu
causa
est
,
desidios●●
erat
,
&c.
Doth
any
man
demand
the
reason
why
Aegistus
an
adulterer
was
,
Lo
I
Can
tell
,
Because
that
he
was
idle
,
when
Others
at
Troy
were
sighting
,
and
their
men
Led
stoutly
on
〈◊〉
to
which
place
were
accited
The
Grecian
Heroes
with
a
force
united
.
He
no
imploiment
had
:
There
was
no
war
In
Argos
where
he
lived
(
from
Troy
so
far
)
No
strife
in
Law
,
to
which
being
left
behind
,
He
carefully
might
have
imploi'd
his
mind
,
That
which
lay
plain
before
him
,
the
man
prov'd
,
And
lest
he
should
do
nothing
,
therefore
lov'd
.
As
Ovid
of
Aegistus
,
so
may
I
say
of
Leucippus
,
whom
rest
,
and
want
of
action
in
a
stirring
brain
,
and
body
,
wrought
this
distemperature
.
Ashamed
he
was
to
court
his
sister
,
first
,
because
he
knew
her
modest
;
a
second
impediment
was
,
she
was
elsewhere
disposed
and
contracted
to
a
Gentleman
of
a
Noble
family
:
besides
,
she
was
his
sister
;
to
whom
he
wish●
all
good
,
and
then
to
corrupt
her
honor
,
he
could
devise
for
her
no
greater
ill
:
he
considered
that
to
perswade
her
to
her
own
undoing
,
would
shew
ill
in
a
stranger
,
but
worse
in
a
brother
.
In
these
distractions
,
what
should
he
do
,
or
what
course
take
?
the
thing
he
apprehended
was
preposterous
,
and
the
means
to
compass
it
was
prodigious
;
for
he
came
to
his
mother
,
told
her
his
disease
,
and
besought
her
of
remedy
:
his
words
as
they
were
uttered
with
tear
,
so
they
were
heard
with
trembling
,
for
they
foavered
her
all
over
.
Being
in
to
the
knees
,
he
cared
not
now
to
wade
up
to
the
chin
,
and
proceeded
,
That
if
she
would
not
be
the
means
for
him
to
compasse
his
sister
,
notwithstanding
all
obstacles
whatsoever
,
he
would
by
speedy
and
sudden
death
rid
himselfe
out
of
all
his
miseries
,
desiring
her
speedy
answer
,
or
with
his
naked
poniard
in
his
hand
,
he
was
as
ready
for
execution
,
as
she
to
deny
her
assistance
.
I
leave
to
any
mothers
consideration
but
to
imagine
with
what
strange
ambiguities
,
his
words
perplexed
her
,
&
what
convulsions
it
bred
in
her
bosome
,
even
to
the
very
stretching
of
her
heart
strings
:
but
as
she
knew
his
courage
to
dare
,
so
she
feared
his
resolution
to
act
,
therefore
more
like
a
tender
hearted
mother
,
then
a
vertuous
minded
matron
,
rather
desiring
to
have
wicked
children
,
then
none
at
all
,
she
promised
him
hope
,
and
assured
him
help
,
and
after
some
perswasive
words
of
comfort
,
left
him
indifferently
satisfied
.
What
language
the
mother
used
to
the
daughter
to
invite
her
to
the
pollution
of
her
body
,
and
destruction
of
her
soul
,
is
not
in
me
to
conceive
:
I
only
come
to
the
point
,
by
the
mothers
mediation
the
brother
is
brought
to
the
bed
of
his
sister
,
she
is
viti●ted
,
and
his
appetite
glutted
,
yet
not
so
,
but
that
they
continued
their
private
meetings
,
insomuch
that
custome
bred
impudence
,
and
suspition
certain
proof
of
their
incestuous
consociety
:
At
length
it
comes
to
the
ear
of
him
that
had
contracted
her
,
with
attestation
of
the
truth
thereof
:
he
,
though
he
feared
the
greatnesse
of
Leucippus
his
known
valour
,
and
popular
favour
,
yet
his
spirit
could
not
brook
so
unspeakable
an
injury
;
he
acquaints
this
novell
to
his
father
,
and
certain
noble
friends
of
his
,
amongst
whom
it
was
concluded
by
all
jointly
,
to
inform
Xanthius
of
his
daughters
inchastity
:
but
for
their
own
safety
(
knowing
the
potency
of
Leucippus
)
to
conceal
the
name
of
the
adulterer
.
They
repair
to
him
,
and
inform
him
of
the
businesse
,
intreating
his
secrecy
,
till
he
be
himself
eie-witness
of
his
daughters
dishonor
.
The
father
at
this
newes
is
inraged
,
but
arms
himselfe
with
patience
,
much
longing
to
know
that
libidinous
wretch
who
had
dishonored
his
family
.
The
incestuous
meeting
was
watcht
and
discovered
,
and
word
brought
to
Xanthius
that
now
was
the
time
to
apprehend
them
;
he
cals
for
lights
,
and
attended
with
her
accusers
,
purposes
to
invade
the
chamber
:
great
noise
is
made
,
she
affrighted
rises
,
and
before
they
came
to
the
door
,
opens
it
,
slips
by
,
thinking
to
flie
and
hide
her selfe
;
the
father
supposing
her
to
be
the
adulterer
,
pursues
her
,
and
pierceth
her
through
with
his
sword
.
By
this
Leucippus
starts
up
,
and
with
his
sword
in
his
hand
,
hearing
her
last
dying
shreek
,
prepares
himself
for
her
rescue
,
he
is
incountred
by
his
father
,
whom
in
the
distraction
of
the
sudden
affright
,
he
unadvisedly
assaulted
and
slew
.
The
mother
disturbed
with
the
noise
,
hasts
to
the
place
where
she
heard
the
tumult
was
,
and
seeing
her
husband
and
daughter
slain
,
betwixt
the
horridness
of
the
sight
,
and
apprehension
of
her
own
guilt
,
fell
down
suddenly
and
expired
.
And
these
are
the
lamentable
effects
of
Incest
,
the
father
to
kill
his
own
daughter
,
the
son
his
father
,
and
the
mother
(
the
cause
of
all
ill
)
to
die
suddenly
without
the
least
thought
of
repentance
.
These
things
so
infortunately
hapning
,
Leucippus
caused
their
bodies
to
be
nobly
interred
,
when
forsaking
his
fathers
house
in
Thessaly
,
he
made
an
expedition
into
Creet
,
but
being
repulst
from
thence
by
the
inhabitants
,
he
made
for
Ephesia
,
where
he
took
perforce
a
City
in
the
province
of
Cretinaea
,
and
after
inhabited
it
.
It
is
said
that
Leucophria
the
daughter
of
Mandrolita
,
grew
enamored
of
him
,
and
betraied
the
City
into
his
hands
,
who
after
married
her
,
and
was
ruler
thereof
.
This
history
is
remembred
by
Parthenius
de
Amatoriis
,
cap.
5.
Of
incest
betwixt
the
father
and
the
daughter
,
Ovid.
lib.
Metam
.
speaks
of
,
whose
verses
,
with
what
modesty
I
can
,
I
will
give
you
the
English
of
,
and
so
end
with
this
argument
.
Accipit
obscoeno
genitor
sua
viscera
lecto
,
Virgeneosque
metus
levat
Hortaturque
timentem
,
Next
to
the
sin
I
will
place
the
punishment
.
Gen.
49.
Absolon
went
in
to
his
fathers
concubines
,
and
was
soon
after
slain
by
the
hand
of
Joab
,
1
Kings
2.
16.
&
18.
Of
later
times
I
will
instance
one
Nicolaus
Estensis
,
Marquesse
of
Ferrara
,
who
having
notice
that
his
son
Hugo
(
a
toward
and
hopefull
young
Gentleman
)
had
borne
himself
more
wantonly
then
reverence
and
modesty
required
,
in
the
presence
of
his
stepmother
,
Parisia
,
of
the
family
of
Malatestae
;
and
not
willing
rashly
either
to
reprove
or
accuse
them
,
he
watch
them
so
narrowly
by
his
intelligencers
and
spies
,
that
he
had
certain
and
infallible
testimony
of
their
incestuous
meetings
,
for
which
(
setting
aside
all
conjugall
affection
,
or
paternall
pity
)
he
caused
them
first
to
be
cast
in
strict
and
close
prison
,
and
after
upon
more
mature
deliberation
,
to
be
arraigned
,
where
they
were
convicted
,
and
lost
their
heads
,
with
all
the
rest
that
had
been
conscious
of
the
act
,
Fulgos
.
lib.
6.
cap.
1.
I
will
borrow
leave
to
insert
here
one
remarkable
punishment
done
upon
a
Jew
at
Prague
in
Bohemia
,
in
the
year
1530
;
who
being
then
in
adultery
with
a
Christian
woman
,
they
compelled
him
to
stand
in
a
ton
pitched
within
,
they
bored
a
hole
,
in
which
they
forced
him
to
put
in
that
part
with
which
he
had
offended
:
just
by
him
was
placed
a
knife
without
edge
,
blunred
for
the
purpose
,
and
there
he
stood
loose
,
save
fastned
by
the
part
aforesaid
;
fire
being
given
,
he
was
forced
through
the
torment
of
the
heat
,
with
that
edgelesse
knife
to
cut
away
that
pars
virilis
,
and
ran
away
bleeding
,
after
whom
they
set
fierce
m●stiffs
,
who
worried
him
to
death
,
and
after
tore
him
in
pieces
,
Lycostin
Theatro
Human.
vitae
.
Of
Adultery
.
THe
wife
of
Argento-Coxus
Calidonius
,
being
taunted
by
Julia
Augusta
,
because
it
was
the
custome
of
their
Country
for
the
noble
men
and
women
promiscuously
to
mix
themselves
together
,
and
to
make
their
appointments
openly
without
blushing
;
to
her
thus
answered
,
I
much
commend
the
custome
of
our
Country
above
yours
,
we
Calidonians
desire
consociety
with
our
equals
in
birth
and
quality
,
to
satisfie
the
necessary
duties
belonging
to
love
and
affections
,
and
that
publiquely
;
when
your
Roman
Ladies
professing
outward
temperance
and
chastity
,
prostitute
your selves
privately
to
your
base
grooms
and
vassals
.
The
same
is
reported
to
have
been
spoken
by
a
B●itish
woman
,
Dion
Nicaeus
Xiphilin
.
in
vita
Severi
.
Her
words
were
verified
(
as
in
many
others
I
could
here
produce
)
so
in
the
French
Queen
Fredigunda
,
who
though
she
infinitly
flattered
the
King
Chilpericus
her
husband
outwardly
,
yet
she
inwardly
affected
one
Laudricus
,
to
whom
she
communicated
her
person
and
honor
:
these
in
the
Kiugs
absence
were
scarce
to
be
found
asunder
,
insomuch
,
that
Chilperick
himselfe
could
not
more
freely
command
her
person
by
his
power
,
then
the
other
by
his
loose
and
intemperete
effeminacies
.
It
hapned
,
the
King
being
on
hunting
,
and
leaving
the
Chase
before
his
hour
,
stole
suddenly
upon
his
Queen
,
and
comming
behind
her
as
she
was
taking
her
Prospect
into
the
Garden
,
sportingly
toucht
her
upon
the
head
with
the
switch
he
had
then
in
his
hand
,
without
speaking
:
she
not
dreaming
of
the
Kings
so
sudden
return
,
and
thinking
it
had
been
her
private
friend
(
without
looking
back
)
Well
sweet-heart
Landricus
(
saith
she
)
you
will
never
leave
this
fooling
;
and
turning
towards
him
withall
,
discovered
the
King
,
who
only
biting
his
lip
,
departed
in
silence
.
She
fea●●ng
the
Kings
distaste
,
and
consequently
his
revenge
,
sends
for
Landricus
,
and
as
if
the
King
had
been
the
offender
,
betwixt
them
two
conspired
his
death
,
and
within
few
daies
effected
it
(
for
seldome
doth
Adultery
but
go
hand
in
hand
with
Murther
.
)
From
the
Sin
,
I
come
to
the
Punishment
.
Among
the
Israelites
it
was
punished
with
fines
,
Diodor.
Sicul.
lib.
2.
cap.
2.
Coel.
lib.
21.
cap.
25.
By
Solons
Lawes
,
a
man
was
permitted
to
kill
them
both
in
the
act
,
that
so
found
them
,
Ravis
.
In
Judaea
they
were
stoned
to
death
,
Plat.
lib.
9.
de
Legibus
,
punisheth
Adultery
with
death
.
The
Locrenses
(
by
tradition
from
Zaluces
)
put
out
the
Adulterers
eies
.
The
Cumaei
prostituted
the
Adulteresse
to
all
men
,
till
she
died
by
the
same
sin
she
had
committed
,
Alex.
ab
.
Alex.
lib.
4.
cap.
1.
It
was
a
custome
amongst
the
ancient
Germans
,
for
the
husband
to
cut
off
his
wives
hair
so
apprehended
,
to
turn
her
out
of
doors
naked
,
and
scourge
her
from
Village
to
Village
.
One
bringing
word
to
Diogenes
,
That
a
fellow
called
Dydimones
,
was
taken
in
the
act
.
He
is
worthy
then
(
saith
he
)
to
be
hanged
by
his
own
name
;
for
Didymi
in
the
Greek
Tongue
,
are
Testiculi
,
in
English
the
Testicles
,
or
immodest
parts
:
By
them
therefore
(
from
whence
he
derived
his
name
,
and
by
which
he
had
offended
)
he
would
have
had
him
to
suffer
,
Laert.
lib.
6.
Hye●tu●
.
the
Argive
,
slew
one
Molurus
,
with
his
wife
,
apprehending
them
in
their
unlawfull
congression
,
Coelius
.
Iulius
Caesar
repudiated
his
wife
for
no
other
reason
,
but
because
P.
Clodius
was
found
in
his
house
in
Womans
Apparell
.
And
being
urged
to
proceed
against
her
,
he
absolutely
denied
it
,
alledging
,
That
he
had
nothing
whereof
to
accuse
her
:
but
being
further
demanded
,
Why
then
he
abandoned
her
society
?
he
answered
,
That
it
was
behoofefull
for
the
wife
of
Caesar
,
not
only
to
be
clear
from
the
sin
it selfe
,
but
from
the
least
suspition
of
crime
,
Fulgos
.
lib.
6.
cap.
1.
Augustus
banished
his
own
Daughter
and
Neece
(
so
accused
)
into
the
Island
called
Pandateria
(
after
into
Rhegium
)
commanding
at
his
death
,
That
their
bodies
(
being
dead
)
should
not
be
brought
neer
unto
his
Sepulcher
.
To
omit
many
,
Nicolaus
,
the
first
Pope
of
that
name
,
excommunicated
King
Lotharius
(
brother
to
Lewis
,
the
second
Emperor
)
because
he
divorced
his
wife
Therberga
,
and
in
her
room
instated
Gualdrada
,
and
made
her
Queen
.
Besides
,
he
degraded
Regnaldus
,
Archbishop
of
T●evers
,
and
Gunthramus
Archbishop
of
Collen
,
from
their
Episcopall
dignitie
,
for
giving
their
approbation
to
that
adulterate
Marriage
.
And
so
much
for
the
punishment
:
I
will
conclude
with
the
counsel
of
Horace
,
lib.
1.
Satyr
.
2.
Desine
Matronas
sectarier
,
unde
laboris
Plu●haurire
mali
est
,
quam
ex
re
decerpere
fructum
est
.
Cease
Matrons
to
pursue
,
for
of
such
pain
Thou
to
thy selfe
more
mischief
reap'st
then
gain
.
Sisters
that
have
murdred
their
Brothers
.
AFter
the
untimely
death
of
Aydere
,
Calilchan
,
Emirchan
,
Pyrymahomet
,
and
Churchi
Bassa
,
the
most
eminent
men
in
the
Empire
,
admitted
them
into
the
Seraglio
in
womans
attire
,
by
whom
with
her
assistant
hand
in
the
midst
of
his
luxuries
he
was
strangled
:
an
act
though
happily
beneficiall
to
the
common
good
,
yet
ill
becomming
a
sister
,
unlesse
such
an
one
as
strived
to
parallel
him
in
his
unnaturall
cruelties
,
Turkish
History
.
Equall
with
this
was
that
of
Quendreda
,
who
after
the
death
of
Ranulphus
King
of
Mercia
,
his
young
son
Kenelm
,
a
child
of
seven
years
of
age
raigning
in
his
stead
,
whose
roiall
estate
and
dignity
being
envied
by
his
sister
,
she
conspired
with
one
Heskbertus
,
by
whose
treacherous
practise
the
King
was
enticed
into
a
thick
forrest
,
and
there
murdered
,
and
privately
buried
;
his
body
long
missed
and
not
found
,
and
the
conspirators
not
so
much
as
suspected
:
But
after
,
as
Willielm
.
de
regib
.
lib.
1.
and
de
Pontificibus
,
lib.
4.
relates
,
a
Dove
brought
in
her
bill
a
scrole
written
in
English
golden
letters
,
and
laid
it
upon
the
Altar
of
Saint
Peter
,
which
being
read
by
an
Englishman
contained
these
words
(
by
which
the
place
where
the
body
lay
was
discovered
)
At
Clent
in
Cowbach
Kenelme
Keneborn
lieth
under
Thorn
,
heaved
by
weaved
,
that
is
,
in
plainer
English
,
At
Clent
in
Cowbach
under
a
thorn
Kenelm
lieth
headlesse
slain
by
treason
.
Some
say
it
was
found
by
a
light
which
streamed
up
into
the
air
from
the
place
where
his
body
lay
covered
.
His
hearse
being
after
borne
towards
his
sepulchre
,
to
be
a
second
time
interred
,
with
solemn
Dirges
sung
by
the
Churchmen
.
Quendreda
sitting
then
in
a
window
with
a
Psalter
in
her
hand
,
to
see
the
funerall
solemnly
pass
by
,
whether
in
scorn
of
the
person
,
de●ision
of
the
Ceremony
,
or
both
,
is
not
certain
,
but
she
began
to
sing
the
Psalm
of
Te
Deum
laudamus
backward
;
Abjecta
in
triviis
inhumati
glabra
jacebat
Testa
hominis
,
nudum
jam
cute
calvicium
,
Fleverant
alii
,
fletu
non
motus
Achillas
,
&c.
Where
the
three
waies
parted
,
a
mans
soul
was
found
,
Bald
,
without
hair
,
unburied
above
ground
:
Some
wept
to
see
't
,
Achillas
more
obdure
,
Snatcht
up
a
stone
,
and
thinks
to
hit
it
sure
;
He
did
so
,
at
the
blow
the
stone
rebounds
,
And
in
the
eies
and
face
Achillas
wounds
.
I
wish
all
such
whose
impious
hands
prophane
The
dead
mans
bones
,
so
to
be
stroke
again
.
Of
Mothers
that
have
slain
their
Children
,
or
Wives
their
Husbands
,
&c.
MEdea
,
Iason
.
Progne
,
the
daught●er
of
Pandion
,
murthered
her
young
son
It
is
(
begot
by
Ter●us
the
son
of
Mars
)
in
revenge
of
the
rape
of
her
sister
〈◊〉
.
Ino
the
daughter
of
Cadmus
)
Melicertis
,
by
〈◊〉
the
son
of
Aeolus
.
Althea
the
daughter
of
Theseus
,
slew
her
son
Meleager
,
by
Oeneus
the
son
of
Parthaon
.
Themisto
the
(
daughter
of
Hypseus
)
Sphincius
,
or
Plinchius
,
and
Orchomenus
,
by
〈◊〉
,
at
the
instigation
of
Ino
,
the
daughter
of
Cadmus
.
Tyros
(
the
daughter
of
Salmoneus
)
two
sons
,
begot
by
〈◊〉
the
son
of
Aeolus
,
incited
thereto
by
the
Oracle
of
Apollo
▪
Agave
(
the
daughter
of
Cadmus
)
Pentheus
,
the
son
of
Echi●●
,
at
the
importunity
of
Liber
Pater
.
Harpalice
.
the
daughter
of
Climenus
,
slew
her
own
father
,
because
he
forcibly
despoiled
her
of
her
honor
.
Hyginus
in
Fabulis
.
These
slew
their
Husbands
.
Clitemnestra
(
the
daughter
of
Theseus
)
Agamemnon
,
the
son
of
Atreus
.
Hellen
(
the
daughter
of
Iupiter
and
Laeda
)
Deiphobus
,
the
son
of
Priam
and
Hecuba
;
he
married
her
after
the
death
of
Paris
.
Agave
,
Lycotherses
in
Illyria
,
that
she
might
restore
the
Kingdom
to
her
father
Cadmus
,
Deianeira
(
the
daughter
of
Oeneus
&
Althea
Hercules
the
son
of
Iupiter
&
Alomena
,
by
the
Treason
of
Nessus
the
Centaur
:
Iliona
(
the
daughter
of
Priam
)
Polymnestor
,
King
of
Thrace
;
Semyramis
her
husband
Ninus
,
King
of
Babylon
,
&c.
Some
have
slain
their
Fathers
,
others
their
Nephewes
and
Neeces
;
all
which
being
of
one
nature
,
may
be
drawn
to
one
head
:
And
see
how
these
prodigious
sins
have
been
punished
.
Martina
,
the
second
wife
to
Heraclius
(
and
his
Neece
by
the
brothers
side
)
by
the
help
of
Pyrrhus
the
Patriarch
,
poisoned
Constantinus
,
who
succeeding
in
the
Empire
,
fearing
left
her
son
Heraclius
should
not
attain
to
the
Imperiall
Purple
,
in
regard
that
Constantinus
left
issue
behind
him
two
sons
,
Constantes
and
Theodosius
,
which
he
had
by
Gregoria
,
the
daughter
of
Nycetas
the
Patritian
:
notwithstanding
,
he
was
no
sooner
dead
,
but
she
usurped
the
Empire
.
Two
years
of
her
Principality
were
not
fully
expired
,
when
the
Senate
reassumed
their
power
,
and
called
her
to
the
bar
;
where
they
censured
her
to
have
her
tongue
cut
out
,
lest
by
her
eloquence
she
might
perswade
the
people
to
her
assistance
:
her
son
Heraclius
they
maimed
off
his
Nose
,
so
to
make
him
odious
to
the
multitude
,
and
after
exiled
them
both
into
Cappadocia
.
Cuspinianus
in
vita
Heraclii
.
A
more
terrible
judgement
was
inflicted
upon
B●unechildis
,
whose
History
is
thus
related
:
Theodericus
,
King
of
the
Frenchmen
,
who
by
this
wicked
womans
counsel
had
polluted
himselfe
with
the
blood
of
his
own
naturall
brother
,
and
burthened
his
conscience
with
the
innocent
deaths
of
many
other
noble
gentlemen
,
as
well
as
others
of
meaner
〈◊〉
and
quality
;
was
by
her
poisoned
and
deprived
of
〈◊〉
when
he
had
made
a
motion
to
have
taken
to
wife
his
Neece
,
a
beautifull
young
Lady
,
and
the
daughter
of
his
late
slain
brother
,
Brunechildis
with
all
her
power
and
industry
opposed
the
Match
,
affirming
that
Contract
to
be
meerly
incestuous
,
which
was
made
with
the
brothers
daughter
;
she
next
perswaded
him
,
that
his
son
Theodebertus
was
not
his
own
,
but
the
adulterate
issue
of
his
wife
by
another
:
at
which
words
he
was
so
incensed
,
that
drawing
his
sword
,
he
would
have
instantly
transpierc'd
her
;
but
by
the
assistance
of
such
Courtiers
as
were
then
present
,
she
escaped
his
fury
,
and
presently
〈◊〉
plotted
his
death
,
and
effected
it
as
aforesaid
.
Trittenbem●●s
de
Regib
.
〈◊〉
,
and
Rober●us
Gaguinus
,
lib.
2.
Others
write
,
that
he
was
drowned
in
a
River
,
after
he
had
reigned
〈◊〉
years
.
Aventinus
affirms
,
That
presently
after
he
had
slain
his
brother
(
entring
into
one
of
his
Cities
)
he
was
struck
with
thunder
.
Annal.
Boiorum
.
lib.
3.
But
this
〈◊〉
Butcheresse
,
Brunechildis
(
after
she
had
been
the
〈…〉
an
infinit
number
of
people
,
and
the
death
of
〈◊〉
Kings
)
at
length
moving
an
unfortunate
war
against
Lotharius
(
to
whom
she
denied
to
yield
the
Kingdome
)
she
was
taken
in
battell
,
and
by
the
Nobility
and
Captain
,
of
the
Army
condemned
to
an
unheard
of
punishment
:
She
was
first
beaten
with
four
Bastoons
(
before
she
was
brought
before
Lotharius
)
then
all
her
Murthers
,
Treasons
,
and
Inhumanities
were
publiquely
proclaimed
in
the
Army
;
and
next
,
her
legs
and
hands
being
fastned
to
the
tails
of
wild
horses
,
pluckt
to
pieces
,
and
dissevered
limb
from
limb
,
Anno
1618.
Sigebertus
Trittemhemius
,
Gaguinus
,
and
Aventinus
.
And
such
be
the
earthly
punishments
due
to
Patricides
and
Regicides
.
Touching
Patricides
,
Solon
(
when
he
instituted
his
wholsome
Lawes
)
made
no
Law
to
punish
such
,
as
thinking
it
not
possible
in
nature
to
produce
such
a
Monster
.
Alex.
lib.
2
cap.
Romulus
appointing
no
punishment
for
that
inhumanity
,
included
Patricides
under
the
name
of
Homicides
,
counting
Manslaughter
and
Murther
abhorred
and
impious
,
but
the
other
impossible
,
Plutarch
.
in
Romulo
.
Marcus
Malleolus
having
slain
his
mother
,
was
the
first
that
was
ever
condemned
for
that
fact
amongst
the
Romans
;
his
Sentence
was
to
be
sowed
in
a
sack
,
together
with
a
Cock
,
an
Ape
,
and
a
Viper
,
and
so
cast
into
the
river
Ti●er
:
a
just
infliction
for
such
immanity
.
The
Macedonians
punished
Patricides
and
Traitors
alike
,
and
not
only
such
as
personally
committed
the
fact
,
but
all
that
were
any
way
of
the
comederacy
.
Alex.
ab
Alex.
lib
3.
cap.
5.
and
all
such
were
●●●ned
to
death
.
The
Aegyptians
stabbed
them
with
Needles
and
Bodkins
,
wounding
them
in
all
the
parts
of
their
body
,
but
not
mortally
;
when
bleeding
all
over
from
a
thousand
small
orifices
,
they
burnt
them
in
a
pile
of
thorns
,
Diodor.
Sicul.
lib.
2.
de
rebus
antiq.
The
Lusitanians
first
exiled
them
from
their
own
confines
,
and
when
they
were
in
the
next
forreign
air
,
stoned
them
to
death
.
Nero
having
slain
his
mother
Agrippina
by
the
hand
of
Anicetes
,
had
such
terror
of
mind
,
and
unquietnesse
of
conscience
,
that
in
the
dead
of
the
night
he
would
leap
out
of
his
bed
horribly
affrighted
,
and
say
(
when
they
that
attended
him
,
demanded
the
cause
of
his
disturbance
)
That
he
heard
the
noice
of
trumpets
,
and
charging
of
battels
,
with
the
grones
of
slaughtered
and
dying
men
,
from
the
place
where
his
mother
was
interred
.
Therefore
he
often
shifted
his
houses
,
but
all
in
vain
,
for
this
horror
still
pursued
him
,
even
to
his
miserable
and
despairing
end
;
for
so
X●phil●nus
testates
,
the
Abbreviator
of
Dion
in
Nerone
.
The
perfidiousnesse
,
of
Husbands
to
their
Wives
hath
been
thus
punished
.
By
the
Law
of
Julia
,
all
such
were
condemned
as
rioted
and
wasted
the
dowries
of
their
Wives
.
The
Romans
did
not
only
hold
such
,
impious
and
sacrilegious
,
that
prophaned
their
Temples
,
and
despised
the
Altars
of
the
gods
,
but
those
also
that
were
rudely
robustious
,
and
laid
violent
hands
upon
their
wives
and
children
;
in
such
a
reverent
estimation
they
held
fatherly
issue
and
conjugal
piety
,
Alex.
lib.
4.
cap.
8.
Almaricus
having
married
the
sister
of
the
French
King
,
and
using
her
most
contumeliously
and
basely
(
for
no
other
reason
,
but
that
she
was
a
faithful
follower
of
the
true
Religion
,
and
quite
renounced
Arianisme
)
was
by
her
brother
Chilbertus
,
Michael
Ritius
,
lib.
1.
de
Regib
.
Francorum
.
M.
Valerius
Maximus
,
and
Cai.
Junius
Brutus
,
being
Censors
,
removed
L.
Antonius
from
the
Senate
for
no
other
reason
,
but
that
without
the
advice
and
counsell
of
his
friends
,
he
had
repudiated
a
virgin
,
to
whom
he
had
been
before
contracted
.
Val.
Maxim.
lib.
2.
cap.
4.
So
Tiberius
Caesar
discharged
an
eminent
Roman
from
his
Quaestorship
,
for
divorcing
his
wife
the
tenth
day
after
he
had
been
married
;
accounting
him
meerly
void
of
faith
or
constancy
,
that
in
a
businesse
so
weighty
,
and
of
so
great
moment
,
in
so
small
a
time
exprest
himselfe
variable
and
inconstant
Alex.
lib.
4.
cap.
8.
Rodulphus
Veromandorum
Comes
forsook
his
wife
,
to
marry
the
sister
of
the
Queen
Petronilla
,
for
which
he
was
excommunicated
by
the
Church
of
Rome
;
and
the
Bishop
Laudunensis
,
Bartholomaeus
Noviocomensis
,
and
Simon
Peter
Sylvanectensis
,
that
were
assistants
to
the
Earl
Rodulphus
in
that
unjust
divorce
,
were
all
suspended
by
the
Pope
.
Robertus
in
Chronicis
.
The
revenge
of
these
libidinous
insolencies
was
most
apparant
in
the
Emperor
Andronicus
,
who
after
the
death
of
Emanuel
(
who
preceded
him
)
caused
his
son
(
the
immediate
heir
to
the
Empire
)
to
be
sowed
in
a
sack
,
and
cast
into
the
sea
.
And
being
now
securely
installed
in
the
Constantinopolican
Principality
,
besides
a
thousand
butcheries
,
slaughters
and
other
insufferable
cruelties
,
he
addicted
himselfe
to
all
luxurious
intemperance
,
as
vitiating
virgins
,
corrupting
Matrons
,
contaminating
himselfe
with
shamefull
Whoredomes
and
Adulteries
,
not
sparing
the
religious
Nunneries
,
but
forcing
the
Cloisters
,
ravishing
thence
whom
he
pleased
to
glut
his
greedy
and
insatiate
lust
,
and
when
〈◊〉
own
desires
were
qualified
,
would
deliver
them
up
to
be
stuprated
by
his
grooms
and
vassals
.
With
whose
unbridled
appetites
,
and
insufferable
madnesse
,
the
people
being
vexed
and
tired
,
they
invited
Isacius
to
the
〈…〉
besieging
the
Tyrant
,
took
him
and
presented
him
before
the
Emperor
elected
;
who
,
because
he
had
so
malitiously
trespassed
against
every
man
,
devised
for
him
a
punishment
that
might
give
satisfaction
to
all
:
he
therefore
caused
him
to
put
off
his
Imperiall
Robes
,
and
to
appear
no
other
then
a
private
man
,
such
as
he
had
maliciously
offended
;
next
,
caused
one
of
his
eies
to
be
pluckt
out
(
the
punishment
devised
by
Lycu●gus
for
Adulterers
;
)
he
mounted
him
upon
an
Asse
,
with
his
face
towards
the
tail
,
which
being
forced
to
hold
in
his
hand
,
and
putting
a
Garland
of
De●ision
about
his
temples
commanded
him
to
be
led
through
all
the
stre●ts
of
the
City
,
allowing
all
men
and
women
to
speak
against
him
what
opprob●y
they
pleased
,
without
limitation
,
and
do
him
all
outrages
that
stretched
not
to
destroy
his
life
.
Thus
was
the
Tyrant
conducted
along
through
an
implacable
multitude
,
enterteined
by
the
way
with
Clamors
,
Shouts
,
Railings
,
Curses
,
and
all
manner
of
Contempts
and
de●isions
,
some
spitting
,
others
casting
soile
and
durt
,
the
women
emptying
uncleanly
vessels
upon
his
head
;
insomuch
,
that
no
disgrace
or
abject
usage
could
be
devised
,
of
which
he
was
not
then
in
some
kind
sensible
.
This
done
,
Guielo
Bituricensis
.
And
this
which
was
done
to
him
,
undoubtedly
belongs
to
all
such
shamelesse
,
barbarous
,
and
bruitish
women
,
who
with
brazen
impudence
having
abandoned
all
grace
and
goodnesse
,
expose
themselves
to
the
profession
of
all
impurity
and
abominable
d●shonesty
,
making
their
corrupt
bodies
no
better
then
Sinks
of
Sins
,
and
Spittles
of
diseases
;
not
only
pleased
in
their
own
ruins
,
without
the
destruction
of
others
,
till
their
souls
be
as
leprous
as
their
infacted
Bodies
:
nay
more
,
since
the
Maladies
and
Aches
of
the
one
is
but
momentary
,
and
for
them
the
Grave
is
a
Bed
of
Rest
,
and
Death
the
Surgeon
;
but
the
other
are
permanent
and
endlesse
,
namely
,
those
of
the
Soul
;
of
which
Hell
is
the
Prison
,
and
the
Devil
the
Tormentor
.
From
these
greater
,
I
now
proceed
to
lesse
;
and
though
not
in
that
measure
,
yet
in
some
kind
punishable
.
O
Loquacity
and
Excesse
,
and
how
they
have
been
punished
.
BEcause
I
desire
Women
to
entertein
nothing
,
either
to
the
prejudice
of
themselves
or
others
,
I
could
ingeniously
wish
,
by
taking
away
the
cause
to
remove
the
effect
,
and
by
suppressing
the
temptation
,
to
cut
off
all
occasion
that
might
allure
men
to
offend
.
Two
things
there
are
,
that
be
great
corrupters
of
Modesty
,
and
provokers
to
Sinne
,
namely
,
Wanton
and
unbridled
Discourse
,
and
vain
and
fantastick
prodigality
in
Attire
:
I
will
speak
a
little
of
the
due
rep●ehension
belonging
unto
these
,
ere
I
begin
with
others
.
If
then
the
tongue
be
the
Orator
of
the
heart
,
and
by
our
words
our
minds
are
especially
signified
,
how
much
care
ought
women
to
have
what
they
speak
,
and
with
what
modesty
to
govern
the
O●gan
of
their
thoughts
,
since
corrupt
words
arise
from
corrupt
apprehensions
,
and
nothing
but
what
is
pure
and
irreprovable
should
proceed
from
a
heart
that
is
without
stain
and
blemish
.
Besides
,
too
much
Loquacity
I
could
wish
you
to
forbear
,
with
which
many
of
your
Sex
hath
been
unsparingly
branded
.
Many
also
have
accused
you
to
be
so
open
breasted
,
that
you
cannot
conceal
any
secret
committed
unto
your
trust
.
I
advise
you
to
to
be
counselled
by
Horace
,
lib
1.
Epistol.
ad
Saevam
.
Sed
tacitus
pasci
si
posset
Corvus
,
haberet
Plus
dap●s
&
rixae
multo
minus
invidiaeque
.
Would
the
Crow
eat
in
silence
,
and
not
prate
.
Much
better
she
might
feed
,
with
much
lesse
hate
.
It
is
reported
of
Theocritus
Chius
,
If
I
cannot
be
assured
of
safety
till
I
be
brought
before
the
eies
of
your
King
Antigonus
,
he
having
but
one
eie
(
for
he
had
〈◊〉
the
other
in
battell
)
what
then
shall
become
of
me
?
At
which
words
Antigonus
being
〈…〉
to
be
slain
;
who
had
he
kept
his
tongue
,
might
have
been
sent
home
safe
and
ransomlesse
,
Fubgos
.
lib.
8.
cap.
1.
Plautus
in
Asinaria
thus
reproves
your
verbosity
.
Nam
multum
loquaces
merito
habemur
omnes
Nec
mutam
profecto
repertam
ullam
esse
Hodie
dicunt
mulierem
,
illo
in
seculo
.
Great
〈…〉
they
say
,
And
〈…〉
found
Any
that
can
keep
silence
,
but
betray
Our selves
we
must
(
and
seek
the
whole
world
round
.
)
If
then
Loquacity
be
so
reprovable
in
your
Sex
,
how
ill
then
would
Lies
(
which
women
term
Excuses
)
appear
in
your
mouths
?
Take
charge
of
his
Corse
,
and
cease
mourning
my
son
,
for
this
body
shall
not
presently
rise
again
;
and
so
departed
:
who
was
no
sooner
gone
,
but
the
〈◊〉
commending
his
fellow
for
so
cunningly
dissembling
,
jogs
him
on
the
elbow
,
and
bids
him
rise
that
they
might
be
gone
;
but
he
was
justly
punisht
for
his
dissimulation
,
for
he
was
struck
dead
by
the
hand
of
Heaven
:
which
his
fellow
seeing
ran
after
Epiphamus
with
all
the
speed
he
could
make
,
desiring
him
humbly
to
〈◊〉
his
companion
again
to
life
:
to
whom
he
answered
,
The
judgements
of
God
once
past
,
are
unchangeable
;
therefore
what
hath
hapned
,
bear
with
what
patience
thou
canst
.
Zozamenus
,
lib.
7.
cap.
6.
Therefore
Plautus
in
Me●catore
,
thus
saith
:
Mihi
scelus
videtur
me
parenti
proloqui
mendacium
.
●
It
appears
to
me
〈◊〉
heinous
thing
to
lie
to
my
father
.
If
Lying
be
so
detestable
,
what
may
we
think
of
Perjury
?
The
Indians
used
to
swear
by
the
water
Sandaracines
(
a
flood
so
called
)
and
who
violated
that
Oath
,
lib.
5.
cap.
10.
Miraculous
are
those
ponds
in
Sicilia
,
Diodor.
Sicul.
lib.
2.
cap.
2.
de
rebus
antiquis
.
From
instructing
your
Tongues
,
I
come
next
to
your
Attires
:
but
having
touched
it
elsewhere
,
I
will
only
speak
of
the
just
Taxation
,
luxurious
habit
,
or
prodigality
in
Apparell
hath
been
branded
with
all
ages
and
reproved
in
all
persons
,
especially
in
such
whose
garments
exceed
their
estates
,
which
argues
apparant
pride
;
or
such
as
pretend
to
be
meer
Fashion
mongers
,
pursuing
every
fantastick
and
outlandish
garb
,
and
such
may
be
justly
reproved
of
folly
:
but
since
they
are
both
so
common
in
our
Nation
,
to
discover
both
too
plainly
,
I
should
but
contend
against
custome
,
and
seeking
to
please
a
few
,
offend
many
.
There
was
a
law
amongst
the
Grecians
,
that
all
such
as
vainly
spent
their
patrimony
,
either
in
riotous
excesse
,
or
prodigality
in
attire
,
as
well
women
as
men
,
were
not
suffered
to
be
buried
in
the
sepulchers
of
their
fathers
,
Alex.
lib.
6.
cap.
14.
So
hatefull
was
spruceness
in
habit
,
and
effeminacy
amongst
the
Macedonians
,
that
Philip
(
the
father
of
Alexander
)
deprived
a
Nobleman
of
Terentum
of
all
his
Honours
and
Offices
,
because
he
but
delighted
in
warm
Baths
,
thus
reproving
him
:
It
seems
thou
art
neither
acquainted
with
the
customes
nor
manners
of
the
Macedonians
,
amongst
whom
thou
hast
not
once
heard
of
a
woman
(
though
great
with
child
)
that
ever
washt
but
in
cold
water
.
I
see
not
how
that
which
is
so
reprovable
in
men
,
can
be
any
way
commendable
in
women
.
What
shall
we
think
then
of
those
affected
pleasures
now
adaies
so
much
in
use
,
as
Riots
,
Revels
,
Banquet
,
Pride
,
Su●fets
,
Vinocity
,
Voracity
:
which
as
in
men
(
I
mean
being
used
in
excesse
)
they
appear
o●ious
,
so
in
young
Virgins
,
in
whom
should
be
nothing
but
affected
modesty
;
in
married
Wives
,
that
ought
to
be
presidents
of
Chastity
;
and
temperate
and
grave
Matrons
,
that
should
be
the
patterns
and
imitable
objects
of
sincere
Vertue
,
they
cannot
but
shew
abominable
.
The
inconvenience
of
these
Excesse
,
Silius
Italicus
well
observed
,
lib.
15
de
bello
Punici
,
when
he
thus
said
:
—
Inde
aspice
late
Florentes
quondam
luxus
quas
vertitit
urbes
Quippe
nec
Ira
Deum
tantum
,
These
are
the
sins
that
punish
themselves
,
who
as
it
is
said
of
Lust
,
carry
their
own
whips
at
their
girdles
.
I
was
bold
in
some
part
of
this
Work
(
presuming
on
the
goodnesse
of
your
Sex
)
as
to
say
,
There
was
no
excellent
gift
in
man
,
which
was
not
in
some
sort
paralleld
by
one
woman
or
other
.
Therefore
if
any
of
you
have
been
or
are
still
addicted
to
these
enormities
.
I
entreat
them
but
to
remember
what
is
writ
of
Themistocles
,
who
in
his
youth
was
so
wholly
given
over
to
all
dissolutenesse
,
namely
,
these
two
excesses
,
Wine
and
Women
,
that
his
father
banished
him
his
house
,
and
his
own
mother
through
griefe
strangled
her selfe
,
Valer.
Max
lib.
6.
cap.
11.
But
after
Miltiades
was
made
Generall
,
and
fought
that
memorable
battel
at
Marathon
,
in
which
(
against
infinite
ods
)
he
defeated
the
Barbarians
,
there
was
never
any
thing
seen
or
known
in
him
,
which
was
not
modest
and
comely
.
And
being
demanded
how
he
came
so
suddenly
changed
,
Militia
inquit
,
&c.
The
thought
of
War
(
saith
he
)
will
admit
neither
sloth
in
me
,
nor
wantonnesse
,
Plutareh
in
Grecor
.
Apophtheg
.
Would
you
but
entertein
into
your
thoughts
as
setled
an
enmity
against
all
Vices
(
your
publique
enemies
)
as
he
did
against
the
Persians
(
the
forreign
invaders
)
you
would
undoubtedly
(
after
the
battel
of
the
mind
,
constantly
fought
against
all
barbarous
temptations
)
be
ranked
equall
with
him
in
all
his
triumphs
.
It
is
likewise
recorded
of
Isaeus
,
an
Assyrian
Sophist
,
who
in
his
youth
being
given
to
all
voluptuousnesse
and
effeminate
delicacies
,
but
comming
to
riper
underderstanding
,
assumed
to
himselfe
a
wondrous
continency
of
life
,
and
austerity
in
all
his
actions
:
insomuch
,
that
a
familiar
friend
of
his
seeing
a
beautifull
woman
passe
by
,
and
asking
him
if
she
were
not
a
fair
one
?
To
him
he
answered
,
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
,
i.
De
sii
laborare
de
oculis
,
i.
I
am
no
more
sick
of
sore
eies
.
To
another
that
demanded
,
What
Fish
or
Fowl
was
mow
pleasant
to
the
taste
?
he
replied
,
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
〈◊〉
,
i.
I
have
forgot
to
look
after
them
;
and
proceeded
,
I
perceive
that
I
then
gathered
all
my
Fruits
out
of
the
Garden
of
Tantalus
;
insinuating
unto
us
,
that
all
those
vain
Pleasures
and
Delights
,
of
which
youth
is
so
much
enamored
,
are
nothing
else
but
shadows
and
dreams
,
such
as
Tantalus
is
said
to
be
fed
with
.
Of
severall
degrees
of
Inchastities
,
and
of
their
Punishments
.
PHilip
of
Macedon
making
war
against
the
Thebans
,
Aeropus
and
Damasippus
,
two
of
his
chiefe
Captains
,
had
hired
a
mercenary
strumpet
,
and
kept
her
in
one
of
their
tents
;
which
the
King
hearing
,
he
not
only
cashiered
them
from
their
commands
,
but
banished
them
his
Kingdome
:
Polynaeus
,
lib.
4.
In
Germany
,
Chastity
and
Modesty
is
held
in
that
reverent
respect
,
that
no
mean
Artificer
,
though
of
the
basest
trade
that
is
,
will
entertein
a
Bastard
into
his
service
or
teach
him
his
science
:
neither
in
the
Academies
will
they
permit
any
such
to
take
degree
in
schools
;
though
it
bee
a
strange
severity
against
innocent
children
,
who
gave
no
consent
to
the
sins
of
their
parents
,
yet
it
is
a
mean
to
curb
the
libe●●ies
of
men
and
women
,
deterring
them
from
the
like
offences
.
Aeneus
Silvius
,
lib.
1.
of
the
sayings
and
d●eds
of
King
Alphonsus
,
tels
us
of
one
Manes
Florentinus
,
who
being
in
forbidden
congression
with
a
strumpet
,
was
adjudged
〈◊〉
pennance
,
which
was
not
altogether
as
our
custome
in
England
is
,
to
stand
in
a
white
sheet
,
but
naked
all
save
a
linnen
garment
from
his
wast
to
the
knees
,
after
the
fashion
of
Basex
;
the
Priests
comming
to
strip
him
in
the
Vestrie
,
would
have
put
upon
him
that
robe
to
cover
his
shame
,
which
he
no
way
would
admit
,
but
was
constantly
resolved
to
stand
(
as
our
phrase
is
)
stark
naked
:
but
when
the
Church
Officers
demanded
of
him
,
If
he
were
not
ashamed
to
shew
his
virile
parts
in
such
a
publique
assembly
(
especially
where
there
were
so
many
Virgins
,
marriried
Wives
,
and
widow
Women
?
)
he
answered
,
Minime
gentium
,
nam
pudenda
haec
quae
peccaverunt
,
ea
potissimum
dare
poenas
decet
,
i.
By
no
means
▪
quoth
he
,
most
fit
it
is
that
those
shamefull
things
that
have
offended
and
brought
me
to
this
shame
,
should
likewise
do
open
penance
Pontius
Offidianus
,
a
Knight
of
Rome
,
after
he
had
sound
by
infallible
signs
his
daughters
virginity
to
be
de●
poiled
and
vitiated
by
Fannius
Saturnius
her
School-master
,
was
not
to
content
to
extend
his
just
rage
upon
his
servant
,
and
punish
him
death
,
but
he
also
slew
his
daughter
,
who
rather
desired
to
celebrate
her
untimely
exequies
,
then
follow
her
to
her
contaminated
Nuptials
,
Val.
lib.
6.
cap.
1.
Pub.
Attilius
Philiscus
,
notwithstanding
in
his
youth
he
was
compelled
by
his
master
to
prostitute
his
own
body
to
unnaturall
lusts
,
for
bruitish
and
unthriving
gain
,
yet
after
proved
a
severe
father
;
for
finding
his
daughter
to
have
corrupted
her
virginall
chastity
;
he
slew
her
with
his
own
hand
How
sacred
(
then
)
may
we
imagine
and
conceive
purity
and
temperance
was
held
in
Rome
,
when
such
as
had
professed
base
prostitution
in
their
youth
,
became
judges
and
punishers
thereof
even
upon
their
own
children
,
in
their
age
?
Val.
Max.
lib.
6.
cap.
1.
Appius
Claudius
Regillanus
,
the
most
eminent
amongst
the
Decemviri
,
so
doted
on
Virginia
the
daughter
of
Virginius
a
Centurion
,
who
was
then
in
the
camp
at
Algidus
,
that
he
suborned
a
servant
of
his
to
seize
her
and
claim
her
as
his
bondwoman
,
and
bring
the
cause
to
be
decided
before
him
:
needs
must
the
businesse
passe
on
his
side
,
beeing
both
the
accuser
and
the
judge
.
The
father
being
certified
of
these
proceedings
by
Icilius
a
hopefull
young
Gentleman
before
contracted
unto
her
,
leaving
his
charge
abroad
,
repairs
to
the
City
and
appearing
before
the
judgement
seat
,
sees
his
own
lawfull
daughter
taken
both
from
himselfe
and
betrothed
husband
,
and
conferred
upon
another
as
his
slave
and
bondwoman
.
The
judgement
being
past
,
he
desires
leave
to
speak
with
his
daughter
apart
,
it
was
granted
him
by
the
Court
,
who
slew
her
with
his
own
hand
▪
then
taking
up
her
body
,
and
lifting
it
upon
his
shoulders
,
posted
with
that
lamentable
burden
to
the
camp
,
and
incited
the
soulders
to
revenge
,
Livy
,
Volater
.
lib.
14.
c.
2.
Antropol
.
Quintus
Fabius
Servilianus
having
his
daughters
chastity
in
suspition
,
first
delivered
her
to
death
,
and
after
punished
himselfe
with
voluntary
banishment
.
The
punishment
of
these
inchastities
is
by
the
Poets
to
the
life
illustrated
in
the
fable
of
Titius
the
son
of
Terra
,
who
intending
to
stuprate
La●ona
,
was
by
Apollo
slain
with
an
arrow
,
and
being
thrust
down
into
hell
,
and
chained
to
a
rock
,
his
Liver
and
Heart
is
perpetually
tyred
on
by
a
ravenous
Vulture
,
who
still
renewes
his
inceaseable
torments
,
Virgil
lib.
Aeneid
.
6.
under
the
person
of
Titius
,
would
pourtray
unto
us
the
unquiet
conscience
,
which
though
sometimes
it
may
be
at
a
seeming
peace
,
yet
the
torment
by
being
still
renewed
,
daily
increaseth
and
gnawes
the
heartstrings
of
all
such
persons
as
to
themselves
are
guilty
.
Of
Witches
and
the
Punishment
due
to
to
them
.
VIncentius
cites
this
following
History
from
Guillerimus
in
Specul
.
Histor.
lib.
26.
cap.
26.
Johannes
Wyerius
,
Ranulphus
,
and
others
,
commemorates
;
an
English
woman
that
dwelt
at
a
Town
called
Barkley
in
England
,
being
a
Wircht
,
yet
not
being
much
suspected
,
lived
in
indifferent
good
opinion
amongst
her
neighbors
,
and
being
feasting
upon
a
time
abroad
,
and
wondrous
pleasant
in
company
,
she
had
a
tame
crow
which
she
had
brought
up
,
that
would
be
familiar
with
her
,
and
sit
upon
her
shoulder
,
and
prate
to
her
in
the
best
language
it
could
:
she
at
this
feast
(
the
table
being
ready
to
be
drawn
)
sported
with
her
,
which
spake
to
her
more
plainly
then
it
used
some
words
,
which
she
better
then
the
rest
of
the
company
understood
,
at
which
suddenly
her
knife
dropped
out
of
her
hand
,
her
colour
changed
,
the
blood
forsook
her
cheeks
,
and
she
looked
pale
,
ready
to
sink
down
,
and
fetching
some
inward
suspites
and
grones
,
she
at
length
broke
forth
into
this
language
,
Woe
is
me
,
my
plow
is
now
entred
into
the
last
furrow
,
for
this
day
I
shall
hear
of
some
great
losse
,
which
I
must
forcibly
suffer
.
The
rest
wondring
at
her
sudden
change
from
mirth
to
passion
;
next
at
her
alteration
of
look
,
and
lastly
at
her
mystical
language
,
when
her
words
were
scarce
ended
,
but
a
messenger
rushed
hastily
into
the
room
,
and
told
her
that
her
eldest
son
with
all
the
whole
family
at
home
,
were
sound
suddenly
dead
:
which
she
no
sooner
heard
,
but
overcome
with
sorrow
,
she
fainted
,
and
being
recovered
and
conducted
to
her
own
house
,
she
took
her
bed
,
and
presently
caused
the
only
two
children
she
had
living
,
to
be
sent
for
,
the
one
a
Monk
,
the
other
a
Nun
,
who
presently
came
to
visit
her
and
know
her
pleasure
,
to
whom
with
a
pensive
and
distracted
heart
,
the
tears
running
from
her
eies
,
she
thus
spake
:
Alas
,
my
children
be
hold
me
your
mother
,
and
commiserate
my
wretch●●
〈…〉
distressed
estate
,
whose
fate
hath
been
so
〈…〉
disastrous
,
that
I
have
hitherto
been
a
wicked
〈◊〉
diabolicall
Witchcraft
,
having
been
a
mistresse
of
that
〈…〉
and
a
great
perswader
to
those
abominations
;
now
〈◊〉
refuge
I
have
to
flie
to
,
is
your
religions
zeal
,
and
〈…〉
this
despair
,
for
now
is
the
time
that
the
Devils
will
exact
their
due
.
Those
that
perswaded
me
to
this
mischiefe
,
are
ready
to
demand
their
Covenant
.
Therefore
by
a
mother●
love
I
charge
you
,
and
by
your
filiall
duty
I
conjure
you
,
since
the
Sentence
of
my
Souls
perdition
is
irrevocable
,
that
you
will
use
your
best
endeavour
and
industry
for
the
preservation
of
my
Body
.
This
therefore
I
enjoin
you
,
instead
of
a
winding
sheet
,
〈◊〉
my
body
in
the
skin
of
a
Hart
,
or
Bucks
Leather
,
then
put
me
in
a
Coffin
of
Stone
,
which
cover
with
Lead
,
and
after
bind
it
with
Hoops
〈◊〉
.
Bars
of
Iron
,
to
which
fasten
three
strong
Chains
:
If
my
Body
thus
coffin'd
,
lye
three
daies
quiet
,
bury
me
the
fourth
day
,
though
I
fear
the
Earth
for
my
manifold
Blasphemies
will
scarce
give
enterteinment
to
my
Body
.
For
the
first
two
nights
together
,
let
there
be
fifty
Psalms
sung
for
me
,
and
as
many
Masses
for
so
many
daies
;
which
said
,
she
gave
up
her
last
breath
.
She
dead
,
the
brother
and
sister
were
careful
to
perform
the
mothers
last
Will
,
and
did
all
things
accordingly
.
The
first
two
nights
,
when
the
Quires
of
Church-men
sung
Psalms
about
the
Body
,
the
Devils
with
much
ease
broke
open
the
Church
doors
,
which
were
b●lted
,
barr'd
,
lockt
,
and
propt
,
and
broke
two
of
the
Chains
by
which
the
Coffin
was
fastned
,
but
the
third
remained
stedfast
.
The
third
night
,
●bout
the
time
when
the
Cock
begins
to
crow
,
the
foundation
of
the
Temple
seemed
to
shake
with
the
noise
of
the
Devils
who
●lamored
at
the
door
:
one
of
the
rest
,
taller
in
stature
,
and
more
terrible
in
countenance
then
his
fellowes
,
knocked
with
more
violence
then
those
which
attended
him
,
till
he
had
broken
the
doors
to
shivers
;
when
stalking
to
the
Coffin
,
he
called
the
woman
by
her
name
aloud
,
and
bad
her
arise
and
follow
him
:
to
whom
the
dead
body
answered
,
I
cannot
for
these
Chains
.
To
whom
he
answered
,
Those
shall
be
loosed
to
thy
mischiefe
;
when
tearing
them
asunder
as
they
had
been
links
made
of
rushes
,
he
sn●tched
up
the
Coffin
,
and
carried
it
to
the
Church
door
,
where
stood
ready
a
black
Sumpter-horse
,
loudly
neighing
,
whose
hoofs
were
divided
like
Eagles
tallons
,
upon
which
he
laid
the
body
,
burried
it
away
with
seeming
joy
,
whilst
all
the
Qui●●sters
looked
on
,
and
so
vanished
.
Her
shri●ks
and
〈◊〉
were
heard
four
miles
off
.
Let
this
one
suffice
for
many
:
I
come
now
to
temporall
punishments
.
The
Judges
called
the
Areopagitae
,
when
they
deprehended
a
Witch
,
and
were
to
deliver
her
to
death
,
if
she
were
with
child
,
staied
the
execution
till
she
were
delivered
of
her
Infant
,
because
they
would
not
punish
the
innocent
with
the
delinquent
,
Aelian
:
de
var.
Histor.
lib.
5.
The
Law
to
punish
Witches
amongst
the
Persians
,
was
to
bring
them
to
a
place
where
their
heads
were
beaten
to
pieces
betwixt
two
Rocks
:
So
suffered
Gyge
,
the
hand-maid
to
Parisatides
,
the
mother
of
Cyrus
,
Plutarch
.
in
Artaxerxes
.
Charls
the
seventh
,
King
of
France
(
or
the
Frenchmen
)
caused
Prince
Egidius
de
Roxa
,
Marshall
of
France
,
to
be
first
hanged
,
then
burnt
,
because
he
confessed
himselfe
to
be
a
Witch
,
and
professor
of
Magick
;
and
withall
,
to
have
been
the
death
of
an
hundred
and
twenty
children
,
and
women
great
with
child
.
A
Witch
of
Avern
was
burnt
alive
,
for
killing
young
infants
,
and
salting
their
flesh
and
putting
them
into
pies
,
and
baking
them
for
publique
sale
,
Fulgos
.
lib.
9.
cap.
2.
Johannes
Bodinus
,
lib.
Mag.
Demonomaniae
4.
cap.
5.
tels
us
that
there
is
a
Law
sacred
in
France
,
that
if
any
Magician
,
or
Witch
,
or
Soothsaier
,
or
Mathematician
(
that
shall
go
beyond
the
true
rules
of
Astrology
)
or
expounder
of
Dreams
,
shall
frequent
the
Court
,
be
he
never
so
great
in
favor
,
or
potent
in
office
,
he
shall
be
immediately
degraded
from
all
his
honours
,
and
put
to
the
rack
and
torture
.
And
this
Law
is
fitting
(
saith
he
)
to
be
writ
in
golden
Characters
upon
every
Court
gate
,
because
there
is
no
greater
Pest
extant
to
Prince
or
people
,
then
this
viperous
brood
:
therefore
(
above
our
Christian
Princes
)
he
commends
the
Ethnick
Kings
.
In
the
time
of
Marius
,
an
Inchantress
(
whose
name
was
Martha
)
who
pretended
to
foretell
to
the
Roman
Senat
,
the
successe
of
the
Cimbrian
war
,
was
banished
,
Plutarch
in
Mario
.
Claudius
Caesar
condemned
a
Knight
of
Rome
to
death
,
and
forfeited
all
his
goods
to
the
people
,
Tiberius
Caesar
.
The
Emperor
Caracalla
adjudged
all
such
as
but
used
inchanted
herbs
to
the
curing
of
Agues
and
Feavers
,
Spartian
in
Caracalla
.
The
Scripture
saith
,
Thou
shalt
not
suffer
a
Witch
to
live
.
Bodinus
(
contrary
to
Wyerius
,
who
will
scarce
beleeve
there
be
any
such
,
accounting
all
those
Judges
〈◊〉
condemn
them
to
the
Stake
or
Gallowes
,
no
better
then
Executioners
and
Hangmen
)
he
shewes
divers
probable
Reasons
why
they
ought
not
to
live
.
The
first
is
,
Because
all
Witches
renounce
God
and
their
Religion
;
R.
Maymon
,
lib.
3.
The
second
thing
is
,
That
having
renounced
God
and
their
Religion
,
they
curse
,
blaspheme
,
and
provoke
the
Almighty
to
anger
.
The
law
saith
,
Whosoever
shall
blaspheme
,
The
third
thing
is
,
That
they
plight
faith
,
and
make
covenant
with
the
Devil
,
adore
him
,
&
sacrifice
unto
him
as
Ap●l●ius
testifies
of
Pamphila
Larissana
,
a
Witch
of
Thessaly
as
li●ewise
a
Witch
of
the
Laodunensian
suburbs
,
in
the
month
or
May
,
1578.
who
blushed
not
to
do
the
like
before
many
witnesses
:
A
fourth
thing
is
(
which
many
have
confessed
)
That
they
have
vowed
their
children
to
the
Devil
;
Philo
,
Satanus
:
but
all
agree
,
that
by
Moloch
in
signified
the
Devill
and
malignant
spirits
.
A
fifth
thing
is
(
gathered
out
of
their
own
confessions
)
That
they
have
sacrificed
Infants
not
yet
baptized
,
to
the
Devill
,
and
have
kill'd
them
by
thrusting
great
pins
into
their
heads
.
Sprangerus
testifies
,
that
he
condemned
one
to
the
fire
,
who
confessed
,
that
she
by
such
means
had
been
the
death
of
one
and
forty
children
.
A
sixth
thing
is
,
That
they
do
not
only
offer
children
in
the
manner
off
sacrifice
(
against
which
the
Holy
Ghost
speaks
,
That
for
that
sin
alone
God
will
extirp
and
root
out
the
people
)
but
they
vow
them
in
the
womb
.
A
seventh
is
,
That
they
are
not
themselves
blasphemers
and
Idolaters
only
,
but
they
are
tied
by
covenant
with
the
Devil
,
to
allure
and
perswade
others
to
the
like
abominations
;
when
the
Law
teacheth
,
An
eighth
is
,
That
they
not
only
call
upon
the
Devil
,
but
swear
by
his
name
,
A
ninth
is
,
That
adulterate
incests
are
frequent
amongst
them
,
for
which
in
all
ages
they
have
been
infamous
,
and
of
such
detectable
crimes
convicted
;
so
that
it
hath
almost
grown
to
a
Proverb
,
No
Magician
or
Witest
,
but
was
either
begot
and
born
of
the
father
and
daughter
,
or
the
mother
and
son
:
which
Ca●ullas
,
in
this
Distick
expresseth
;
Nam
Magus
ex
Matre
,
&
gnato
gignatur
oportet
Si
vera
est
Pr●sarum
impia
Religio
.
Infimating
,
that
if
the
impious
Religion
of
the
Persians
were
true
,
Witches
of
necessity
should
be
the
incestuous
issue
of
the
mother
and
son
,
or
else
è
contra
.
A
tenth
,
That
they
are
Homicides
,
and
the
murtherere
of
Infants
;
which
Sprangerus
observes
from
their
own
confessions
,
and
Baptista
Porta
the
Neapolitan
,
in
his
book
de
Magia
:
Next
,
That
they
kill
children
before
their
baptism
,
by
which
circumstances
their
offence
is
made
more
capitall
and
heinou●
.
The
eleventh
,
That
Witches
eat
the
flesh
of
Infants
,
and
commonly
drink
their
bloods
,
in
which
they
take
much
delight
.
To
which
Horace
seems
to
allude
,
when
he
saith
:
N●u
pransae
Lamiae
vinum
pucrum
extrahat
Alvo
.
No●
from
the
stomack
of
a
Witch
new
din'd
,
Plucks
he
a
yet
live
infant
—
If
children
be
wanting
,
they
dig
humane
bodies
from
their
sepulchers
,
or
feed
upon
them
that
have
been
executed
.
To
which
purpose
Luca●
writes
:
—
Liqueam
nodosque
nocentes
Ore
〈…〉
corpora
carpsit
,
Abrasit
〈◊〉
,
&c.
The
Felons
strongling
〈◊〉
she
nothing
fears
,
But
with
her
teeth
the
fatall
Knot
she
tears
:
The
hanging
bodies
from
the
〈◊〉
she
takes
,
And
shaves
the
Gallowes
,
of
which
dust
she
makes
,
&c.
Apuletus
reports
.
That
comming
to
Larissa
in
Thessaly
,
he
was
hired
for
eight
pieces
of
Gold
to
watch
a
dead
body
but
one
night
,
for
fear
the
Witches
(
of
which
in
that
place
there
is
abundance
)
should
gnaw
and
devour
the
flesh
of
the
party
deceased
,
even
to
the
very
bones
;
which
is
often
found
amongst
them
.
Cornel.
lib
de
Sicari●s
.
A
twelfth
is
,
That
they
kill
as
oft
by
Poisons
,
as
by
Powders
and
Magick
Spels
:
now
the
Law
saith
.
It
is
worse
to
kill
by
Witchcraft
then
with
the
Sword
,
Lib.
1.
de
Ma●●sic
.
A
thirteenth
is
,
That
they
are
the
death
of
Cattell
;
for
which
,
Augustanus
the
Magician
suffred
death
,
1569.
A
fourteenth
,
That
they
blast
the
Corn
and
Grain
,
and
being
barrennesse
and
scarcity
,
when
there
is
a
hoped
plenty
and
abundance
.
A
fifteenth
,
That
they
have
carnall
corsociety
with
the
Devill
,
as
it
hath
been
approved
by
a
thousand
severall
confessions
.
Now
all
that
have
made
any
compect
or
covenant
with
the
Devill
,
if
not
of
all
these
,
yet
undoubtedly
are
guilty
of
many
,
or
at
least
some
,
and
there
one
co●sequently
not
worthy
to
live
.
And
so
much
for
the
Punishment
〈…〉
,
and
other
known
malefactors
:
I
come
now
to
the
Rewards
due
to
the
Vertuous
,
and
first
of
〈…〉
Ladies
,
for
divers
excellencies
worthy
to
be
remembred
.
Of
Tirgatao
Moeotis
,
Comiola
Tu●ing●
,
and
others
.
TIrgatao
,
a
beautifull
and
vertuous
Lady
,
was
joined
in
marriage
to
Hecataeus
,
King
of
those
Indians
that
inhabit
●eer
unto
the
Bosphor
,
which
is
an
arm
of
the
Sea
,
that
runneth
betwixt
two
coasts
.
This
Hecataeus
being
cast
out
of
his
Kingdome
,
Satyrus
the
most
potent
of
these
Kings
,
reinstated
him
in
his
Principality
;
but
conditionally
,
That
he
would
marry
his
only
daughter
,
and
make
her
Queen
,
by
putting
Tirgatao
to
death
.
But
he
(
though
forced
by
the
necessity
of
the
time
,
and
present
occasion
)
yet
loving
his
first
wife
still
,
would
not
put
her
to
death
,
according
to
the
Covenant
,
but
caused
her
to
be
shut
in
his
most
defenced
Castle
,
there
to
consume
the
remainde●
of
her
life
in
perpetuall
widowhood
.
The
Lady
comforted
with
better
hopes
,
and
born
to
fairer
fortunes
,
deceived
the
eies
of
her
strict
keep●●s
,
and
by
night
escaped
out
of
prison
.
This
being
made
known
to
the
two
Kings
,
the
sonne
in
law
and
the
father
,
they
were
wonderfully
perplexed
with
the
newes
of
her
flight
,
as
fearing
if
she
arrived
in
her
own
Country
,
she
might
accite
the
people
to
her
revenge
.
They
therefore
pursued
her
with
all
diligence
and
speed
,
but
in
vain
:
for
hiding
her selfe
all
the
day
time
,
and
travelling
by
night
through
pathlesse
and
unfrequented
places
,
at
length
she
arrived
amongst
the
●xomatae
,
which
was
the
Countrey
of
her
own
friends
and
kindred
.
But
finding
her
father
dead
,
she
married
with
him
that
succeeded
in
the
Kingdome
:
by
which
means
now
commanding
the
Ixomatae
,
she
insinuated
into
the
breasts
of
the
most
warlike
people
inhabiting
about
Moeotis
,
and
so
levied
a
brave
army
,
which
she
her selfe
conducted
.
She
first
invaded
the
Kingdome
of
Hecataeus
,
and
infested
his
Country
with
many
bloody
incursions
;
she
next
wasted
and
made
spoil
of
the
Kingdome
of
Satyrus
,
insomuch
,
that
they
both
were
forced
with
all
submisse
entreaties
,
by
embassadors
to
sue
unto
her
for
peace
;
to
which
she
assented
,
having
before
as
hostage
of
their
truce
,
received
Metrodorus
the
son
of
Satyrus
.
But
the
two
Kings
falsified
to
her
their
faith
and
honour
:
for
Satyrus
dealt
with
two
of
his
subjects
(
whom
he
best
trusted
)
with
whom
he
pretended
heinous
displeasure
;
for
which
,
flying
and
retiring
themselves
to
her
for
refuge
,
they
there
attend
a
convenient
opportunity
,
to
insiderate
her
life
.
They
submitting
to
her
,
her
Court
becomes
their
sanctuary
.
Satyrus
sends
to
demand
the
offenders
:
she
by
her
letters
entreats
and
mediates
their
peace
and
pardon
.
These
attend
their
next
occasion
:
the
one
pretends
private
conference
with
her
,
and
bowing
submissly
to
her
,
as
she
enclines
her
body
to
attend
him
,
the
other
invades
her
with
his
sword
;
her
fortunate
Belt
kept
the
steel
from
entring
:
Clamor
is
made
,
her
servants
enter
,
the
Traitors
are
apprehended
,
and
confesse
all
that
before
had
passed
betwixt
Satyrus
and
them
:
Therefore
she
commands
his
son
Metrodorus
(
the
Hostage
,
to
be
slain
and
the
two
conspirators
with
him
;
gathers
another
army
,
and
invades
the
Bos●●●ean
Tyrant
:
She
punisheth
his
perfidiousnesse
with
Rapes
,
Murthers
,
Combustions
,
and
all
the
Calamities
of
war
,
till
Satyrus
himselfe
(
oppressed
with
miseries
,
and
surcharged
with
griefe
)
expired
,
whom
Gorgippus
his
son
succeeded
in
the
Principality
,
but
not
with
any
security
,
till
he
had
acknowledged
his
Crown
as
given
to
him
by
her
,
and
with
many
costly
and
rich
gifts
compounded
for
his
peace
,
Polyb.
lib
▪
8.
This
Lady
hath
a
merited
name
for
an
invincible
courage
,
and
a
masculine
spirit
.
No
lesse
worthy
to
be
remembred
,
is
Comiola
Turinga
;
her
history
is
thus
reported
:
In
that
great
Navy
which
Peter
King
of
Sicily
sent
against
Robert
King
of
Naples
,
in
the
aid
of
the
Lyparitans
,
with
other
P●inces
〈◊〉
N●●lemen
,
there
was
in
that
fleet
one
Roland
,
b●stard
brother
to
King
Peter
.
The
Sicilians
being
defeated
by
〈…〉
,
Roland
(
amongst
many
other
Gentlemen
)
was
surp●●●ed
and
cast
into
prison
.
Now
when
the
friends
and
kinsmen
of
all
such
Captives
had
been
carefull
of
their
release
,
and
almost
all
of
them
were
ransomed
thence
,
King
Peter
〈◊〉
the
sloth
and
cowardise
of
his
subjects
the
Sicilians
,
neglected
his
brother
,
and
would
entertein
no
discourse
that
tended
to
his
redemption
.
Whereupon
he
was
put
into
a
more
close
prison
,
no
better
then
a
Dungeon
,
where
he
was
debarred
the
benefit
of
light
,
and
shortned
of
his
diet
,
where
he
spent
his
time
in
discontent
and
misery
.
This
extremity
of
his
(
with
the
Dukes
slackne●●
in
his
release
)
comming
to
the
ear
of
a
beautiful
young
widow
of
Messana
,
who
had
a
large
Dower
from
her
parents
,
and
was
left
infinitely
rich
by
her
husband
:
she
pitying
his
distressed
estate
,
and
withall
being
somewhat
enamored
of
his
person
,
sent
to
him
privately
by
such
as
he
best
trusted
,
to
know
of
him
,
if
he
would
accept
of
her
as
his
wife
,
if
she
did
instantly
pay
down
his
ransome
.
The
motion
being
made
,
he
seemed
overjoied
,
thanked
the
heavens
for
their
assistance
,
and
with
great
willingnesse
accepted
of
the
motion
.
They
are
contracted
by
Proxie
,
and
she
paies
down
two
thousand
ounces
of
gold
for
his
freedome
.
This
done
,
and
Roland
comming
back
to
Messana
,
he
was
so
far
from
acknowledging
the
Contract
,
that
he
would
not
so
much
as
see
her
,
or
confesse
himselfe
obliged
unto
her
in
the
smallest
courtesie
,
who
(
had
it
not
been
for
her
charitable
love
and
piety
)
might
have
languished
in
an
uncomfortable
durance
all
the
daies
of
his
life
.
Comiola
Turninga
at
this
ingratitude
much
grieved
;
for
she
had
not
only
paid
down
so
great
a
sum
,
but
that
which
most
afflicted
her
,
was
,
that
the
fame
of
her
marriage
being
●ll
over-spread
,
the
Contract
being
denied
,
and
by
Roland
abjured
,
must
at
least
redound
to
her
perpetuall
scorn
,
if
not
to
the
disparagement
of
her
fame
and
vertue
.
To
salve
both
,
with
what
convenience
she
could
she
was
advised
to
accite
him
into
the
Ecclesiasticall
Court
by
Processe
,
and
to
plead
the
forenamed
Contract
,
and
(
which
she
could
easily
doe
)
prove
it
by
witnesse
.
Which
the
friends
and
kindred
of
Roland
,
hearing
,
perswaded
him
(
to
shun
the
common
fame
which
went
of
his
ingratitude
)
to
reconcile
the
tongues
of
evill
speakers
,
and
to
prevent
all
controversies
and
troubles
in
Law
,
to
accept
of
her
as
one
that
best
deserved
him
.
With
much
ado
he
accepts
of
the
motion
.
A
publique
confluence
of
friends
&
kind●ed
at
an
appointed
day
are
assembled
,
where
when
the
●●stard
expected
to
hear
her
&
her
friends
sollicit
him
conce●ning
the
marriage
,
she
there
first
ript
up
her
courtesies
,
and
with
what
a
charitable
and
chast
purpose
she
had
〈◊〉
them
▪
next
she
laid
open
his
barbarous
ingratitude
,
not
to
acknowledge
them
;
and
lastly
,
his
corrupt
and
dishonest
heart
,
in
lying
to
God
and
her
,
by
denying
a
contract
past
in
the
presence
of
so
many
witnesses
:
therefore
she
told
him
,
she
now
renounced
both
contract
,
claim
,
or
interest
in
him
,
accounting
it
a
dishonor
unto
her
,
to
cast
her selfe
away
upon
one
persidious
and
a
coward
.
As
for
marriage
,
she
had
now
contracted
her selfe
to
single
chastity
;
and
all
the
wealth
she
had
,
she
vowed
to
the
service
of
God
and
his
Church
:
and
so
left
him
with
a
kind
of
noble
disdain
;
being
by
all
that
saw
and
heard
her
constant
resolution
,
as
much
commended
for
her
courage
,
as
he
condemned
for
his
mutability
and
cowardise
,
Fulgos
.
lib.
5.
cap.
3.
If
Lucius
Aemulius
Regillus
in
a
Navall
fight
having
defeated
Annibal
(
then
Generall
for
the
King
Antiochus
)
was
brought
into
the
Temple
of
Apollo
by
the
Senate
;
where
first
having
all
his
brave
service
rehearsed
by
the
Herald
or
Crier
,
with
how
puissant
a
Navy
he
had
fought
,
how
many
of
the
enemies
ships
he
had
foundred
in
the
Sea
,
and
how
many
taken
and
brought
to
Rome
;
for
which
,
by
the
consent
of
the
Fathers
,
he
was
granted
a
Triumph
,
Liv.
lib.
8.
de
Bello
Macedon
.
and
Volater
.
lib.
13.
cap.
3.
Anthrop
.
If
Aurelius
Alex.
Emperor
,
for
fighting
against
the
Persians
,
and
vanquishing
the
King
Artaxerxes
(
whom
Herodian
in
his
History
cals
Artaxaces
)
for
this
act
alone
(
after
a
large
and
learned
Encomiastick
Oration
,
made
of
the
excellency
of
his
valor
)
had
likewise
a
publique
Triumph
allowed
him
by
the
Senate
,
Volater
.
lib.
3.
If
Leocritus
the
Athenian
,
and
son
of
Protarchus
(
being
but
a
private
souldier
under
the
generall
Olympiodorus
)
at
the
assault
of
Pyraeum
(
then
guarded
and
defenced
by
Demetrius
,
the
son
of
Antigonus
because
he
was
the
first
that
mounted
and
broke
into
the
Rampier
,
then
called
Musaeum
,
in
entring
which
,
he
was
slain
;
yet
for
this
only
brave
act
of
Resolution
,
had
all
Military
Honours
done
to
his
Body
,
his
Shield
with
his
name
engraven
thereon
,
with
his
valiant
Enterprize
inscribed
,
as
a
thing
sacred
to
perpetuall
memory
,
and
dedicated
to
Jupiter
the
Deliverer
,
Pausan
.
lib.
1.
What
praise
,
what
admiration
and
condign
honours
,
may
this
magnanimous
,
Queen
Tyrgatao
Meotu
claim
,
who
not
in
one
,
but
many
battels
,
opposed
two
potent
and
puissant
Kings
;
whose
martiall
valor
righted
her
own
injuries
in
person
,
met
them
,
braved
them
,
and
beat
them
in
field
,
after
many
victorious
defeats
vassalled
their
insolent
pride
,
and
subjected
them
to
her
own
Heroicall
mercy
?
If
amongst
the
Romans
,
he
that
in
battell
had
saved
but
the
life
of
one
Citizen
,
and
bestrid
him
in
battel
,
and
in
the
same
conflict
had
slain
an
enemy
,
was
honored
with
a
Civick
Crown
and
Garland
;
to
which
,
the
Golden
Honours
,
the
Murall
,
and
those
Wreaths
of
Dignity
that
either
belonged
to
the
Camp
or
the
Pulpit
,
gave
place
:
which
as
he
was
tied
perpetually
to
wear
,
so
all
the
people
were
enjoined
to
give
him
way
,
and
do
him
honor
;
insomuch
,
that
if
he
came
late
to
be
a
spectator
of
the
Sports
in
the
Theater
,
at
his
first
appearance
in
the
[
*
](A43596-e159610-b)
*
Orchestra
,
a
place
in
the
Theater
only
for
the
nobility
Orchestra
,
all
the
Princes
and
Senators
arose
,
from
the
highest
to
the
lowest
,
and
offered
him
place
:
How
shall
we
celebrate
the
ever
to
be
admired
magnanimity
of
the
Amazons
,
Marpesia
,
Lampedo
,
Orythea
,
Antiope
,
Penthesilea
,
and
others
of
that
masculine
Vertue
and
courage
?
The
Archduke
Agamemnon
,
because
Ajax
had
but
fought
with
Hector
(
though
not
vanquisht
him
)
caused
an
Oxe
to
be
sacrificed
unto
him
,
rewarding
him
with
the
hinder
Loins
and
the
Horns
,
Homer
.
lib.
7.
Iliad
&
10.
What
Immolations
then
deserved
Menalippe
,
for
combatting
Hercules
;
or
Hippolite
,
who
hand
in
hand
encountred
Theseus
?
The
same
Generall
presented
Achilles
for
his
valor
,
because
he
flew
Hector
(
though
,
as
some
write
,
with
the
ods
of
base
advantage
)
with
seven
threefooted
Pots
of
Brasse
,
twenty
Cauldrons
,
ten
Talents
of
Gold
,
twelve
Steeds
,
and
seven
beautifull
Lesbian
Damosels
:
Idem
.
How
would
he
have
guerdoned
the
magnanimity
of
Teuca
,
the
wife
of
Argon
,
and
Queen
of
Illyria
,
who
not
only
led
valiant
men
in
person
to
the
field
,
but
opposed
the
Roman
Legions
in
all
their
might
and
flourishing
time
of
their
Empire
,
obtaining
from
them
many
glorious
Victories
?
The
ordinary
souldiers
in
Rome
(
even
for
private
and
common
services
)
were
guerdoned
some
with
Obsidionall
,
Navall
,
and
Civick
Garlands
;
others
,
with
L●nces
headed
with
Gold
,
some
with
Ivory
Chairs
:
others
with
Statues
of
Ivory
;
figured
Gowns
,
called
Vestes
Palmatae
,
which
were
wrought
or
embroidered
all
over
with
Palm
trees
(
such
Conquerors
used
in
War
,
and
Consuls
in
the
time
of
Peace
:
)
blew
Ensigns
for
Sea-conquest
;
golden
Chains
,
double
Corn
,
double
stipendary
Wag●s
,
or
Pay
;
and
sometimes
,
with
the
dignity
of
civil
M●gistracy
and
Office
.
Others
were
presented
with
Rings
,
〈◊〉
,
Flags
or
Pendants
,
Coats
of
Mail
,
and
golden
V●ssels
:
some
were
allowed
Ovations
,
others
Triumphs
,
L●udations
,
Acclamations
,
Gratulations
,
&c.
If
these
thing
▪
were
allowed
to
men
,
only
born
for
action
,
What
Celebrations
,
Dignities
,
Praises
and
Encomiums
,
what
rich
Chains
of
Pearls
,
and
Carkanets
of
Diamonds
,
nay
,
Crowns
embelished
with
Carbuncles
,
what
Pictures
,
Statues
,
Sepulchers
,
and
Monuments
to
eternize
their
memory
(
if
it
were
possible
)
beyond
all
posterity
)
merits
Hypsicratea
,
the
wife
of
Mithridates
;
Artemisia
,
of
Mausolus
;
Tomyris
Queen
of
the
Scythians
;
Zenobia
,
of
the
Palmirians
;
Amalasuntha
,
of
the
Goths
,
who
have
changed
their
soft
effeminacies
into
noble
Virility
,
and
their
feminine
weaknesse
into
masculine
Valor
;
in
which
by
following
,
they
have
got
the
start
,
and
by
imitating
,
excelled
.
I
now
proceed
to
the
honor
due
to
Modesty
and
Temperance
,
lately
expressed
in
Comiola
Turinga
.
Otho
the
fourth
,
Galdrata
〈◊〉
,
daughter
to
a
Florentine
Citizen
,
whose
name
was
〈◊〉
,
he
spake
liberally
of
her
beauty
in
the
presence
of
her
father
;
insomuch
,
that
his
words
savoured
of
great
love
and
affection
towards
the
Virgin
which
apprehended
by
B●llincionus
he
told
the
Emperor
,
That
if
his
fancy
were
that
way
addicted
(
and
in
the
presence
of
the
Damosel
)
that
〈◊〉
freely
kisse
and
embrace
her
at
his
will
and
〈…〉
:
so
whom
she
instantly
replied
upon
his
words
(
〈…〉
the
Emperors
pardon
)
That
she
had
made
a
Vow
〈◊〉
she
would
never
kisse
any
man
,
save
him
whom
she
〈◊〉
knew
should
futurely
be
her
husband
.
Which
answer
the
〈…〉
in
such
good
part
,
as
that
he
purposed
her
vertue
should
not
passe
without
reward
:
who
asking
,
If
she
were
yet
cont●●cted
to
any
?
and
she
answering
,
No
;
Then
(
saith
the
Emperor
)
give
me
leave
to
provide
thee
of
a
husband
:
when
calling
to
him
one
Guido
Germanus
,
a
noble
young
,
Gentleman
,
and
one
in
his
especiall
favour
,
to
him
he
presently
contracted
her
(
a
man
,
as
he
was
approved
in
Arms
and
Vertue
,
so
he
was
eminent
in
his
Stock
and
Family
,
being
nobly
descended
)
and
gave
her
for
her
Dower
all
that
large
Valley
which
lies
beneath
the
Hill
Ca●entinus
,
in
the
fields
that
are
called
Aretini
Ag●●
,
and
made
it
an
Earldo
ne
,
which
Title
he
bestowed
on
him
.
And
from
them
two
proceeded
the
famous
family
of
the
Earls
Guidons
,
whose
eminence
endured
many
heredi●ary
successions
,
Fulgos
.
lib.
6.
cap.
1.
I
could
amplifie
the
Reward
due
to
Temperance
,
and
illustrate
it
with
as
many
modest
and
chast
women
,
before
remembred
,
as
I
have
Magnanimity
in
the
Heroick
Queens
and
Warlike
Ladies
:
But
to
avoid
pro●●●xity
(
which
I
labor
to
shun
)
let
this
one
suffice
for
many
.
The
reward
due
to
Fertility
,
or
many
Children
,
with
such
as
have
restored
their
deca●ed
Families
.
THere
was
a
law
amongst
the
Spartans
,
that
whosoever
had
three
sons
,
that
family
should
be
quit
from
watching
and
warding
,
and
such
common
service
;
but
he
that
stored
the
Common-weal
with
five
,
he
claimed
immunity
in
all
publike
offices
,
Aelian
,
lib.
6.
de
Var.
Histor.
Amongst
the
Persians
those
that
had
the
most
numerous
off-spring
,
were
capable
of
the
most
honors
,
to
whom
the
King
yearly
sent
rich
presents
,
Herodot
.
lib.
1.
What
merited
honors
then
deserved
Regina
the
daughter
of
Mascinus
Scaliger
,
and
Thaedaea
Carroriensis
▪
who
being
married
to
Prince
Barnobonus
,
Viscount
of
Mediolanum
,
had
by
him
four
sons
and
twelve
daughters
:
The
first
and
eldest
was
married
to
Peter
King
of
Cyprus
;
the
second
to
Lewis
Dolphin
,
and
first
born
son
to
the
French
King
;
the
third
,
to
the
Duke
of
Bavaria
;
the
fourth
to
the
Duke
of
Austria
;
the
fifth
to
Vicount
Gallentius
;
the
sixth
to
Leopoldus
of
Austria
,
grandfather
to
Frederick
the
third
Emperor
;
the
seventh
to
another
Duke
of
Bavaria
;
the
eighth
to
Frederick
King
of
Sicilia
;
the
ninth
to
Frederick
Gonzage
;
the
tenth
to
Duke
Ernestus
Monachus
;
the
eleventh
to
Frederick
his
younger
brother
;
the
twelfth
and
last
to
the
Earl
of
Kent
▪
eldest
son
to
the
King
of
great
Brittain
,
from
whose
generous
off-spring
most
of
the
roialest
houses
of
Christendome
(
such
as
still
flourish
in
their
pristine
honors
)
claim
their
descent
,
so
that
this
fruitfull
Queen
may
be
called
▪
Cybele
,
or
mother
of
the
gods
,
Bernardus
Scardeonus
,
lib.
3.
H●stor
.
Pat.
Pliny
confers
great
felicity
upon
a
Lacedemonian
Lady
called
Lampedo
,
because
she
was
the
daughter
of
a
King
,
the
wife
of
a
King
,
and
mother
to
a
King
;
when
a
certain
rich
Lady
of
Ionia
came
to
Lacena
,
and
with
great
bo●sting
and
pride
shewed
her
,
her
pretious
jewels
and
rich
garments
,
she
pointed
to
her
four
fair
children
whom
she
had
liberally
and
vertuously
educated
,
and
s●id
,
These
are
treasures
only
in
which
modest
and
discreet
women
ought
to
glory
.
Plutarch
in
Apophtheg
.
Laconic
.
Eumele
the
wife
to
B●silius
Helenopontanus
of
Pontabus
(
as
Nazianzenus
testifies
)
had
by
him
some
five
sons
,
of
which
,
three
at
one
time
were
learned
Bishops
&
stout
champions
for
the
Gospel
,
namely
Gregorius
Nissenus
,
Basilius
Magnus
Caesariensis
,
and
Petrus
Sebasta
,
then
I
blame
not
Epaminondas
,
who
in
all
his
nobl●
exploits
,
and
prosperous
successes
in
war
,
was
often
heard
to
say
,
That
nothing
was
so
pleasing
and
delightful
to
him
,
as
that
both
his
parents
were
yet
alive
to
participate
with
him
in
his
honors
:
he
in
the
great
battel
called
L●uctricum
,
had
a
glorious
victory
over
the
Lacedemonians
.
Plutarch
in
Graec.
Apophtheg
.
So
Basilius
Magnus
Bishop
of
Cesarea
,
gloried
of
nothing
so
much
(
with
daily
thanks
to
God
)
as
that
he
was
born
of
Christian
parents
,
namely
,
Helenopontanus
,
his
father
and
school-master
,
and
En●●ele
Capadoce
his
mother
,
and
that
he
was
nursed
by
Macrine
,
who
had
been
a
zealous
and
frequent
auditor
of
Gregory
Naeocae
Soriensis
,
his
grandfather
in
that
bloody
persecution
,
under
the
Emperor
Maximinus
,
with
his
kinsmen
and
family
retired
himselfe
into
a
Cave
in
a
moat
,
where
with
bread
only
,
he
miraculously
fed
himselfe
and
the
rest
for
the
space
of
seven
years
,
and
after
for
the
Faith
of
the
Gospel
suffered
a
blessed
and
glorious
Martyrdome
,
Licosck
.
in
Theat.
Human.
Vitae
.
Saint
Hierom
commends
Paula
the
religious
Roman
matron
for
her
nobility
of
birth
,
as
being
begot
by
Rogatas
a
Grecian
,
who
derived
himselfe
from
Agamemnon
,
King
of
Mecene
,
and
roiall
Generall
of
those
famous
expeditions
against
Troy
,
and
born
of
Blesilla
Romana
of
the
ancient
family
of
the
Scipios
and
the
Gracchi
,
and
was
married
unto
Toxilius
,
illustrious
in
his
blood
,
as
claiming
his
descent
from
Aeneas
and
the
Julian
pedigree
:
but
nobility
of
birth
not
being
our
own
but
our
ancestors
,
it
is
not
my
purpose
to
insist
of
it
any
further
.
It
followes
that
I
should
speak
something
of
such
as
have
been
the
restorers
of
ancient
and
decaied
Families
,
even
when
they
were
at
the
last
gasp
and
ready
to
perish
,
and
be
as
it
were
swept
from
the
face
of
the
Earth
.
Vitalis
Michael
Duke
of
Venice
,
returning
with
his
weather
beaten
Navy
out
of
Greece
,
where
almost
for
the
space
of
2
years
together
without
cessation
he
had
opposed
Prince
Emanuel
Constantinopolitanus
,
being
so
exhausted
,
that
scarce
Commanders
,
Marriners
,
or
navall
protection
sufficiently
accommodated
was
left
to
bring
back
his
fleet
;
whether
by
a
pestilentiall
mortality
,
or
that
Prince
Manuel
had
poisoned
the
Springs
and
Fountains
,
where
the
Venerian
souldiers
had
furnished
themselves
with
fresh
water
▪
is
〈◊〉
certain
,
but
most
sure
it
is
,
besides
many
other
disasters
and
discommodities
,
that
which
he
held
to
be
the
greatest
,
was
,
that
there
was
not
any
of
male
issue
of
the
Justinian
Family
,
left
alive
,
but
all
of
them
in
that
infortunate
expedition
perished
to
one
man
,
not
any
of
that
noble
stock
surviving
,
by
whom
the
memory
thereof
might
be
restored
to
posterity
:
This
the
Duke
Michael
often
pondering
with
himself
in
great
sadness
and
sorrow
,
at
length
he
bethought
him
of
one
Nicholaus
,
a
young
man
,
who
had
devoted
himselfe
to
a
sequestred
and
religious
life
,
and
was
of
the
order
of
the
Benedictian
Friers
;
he
had
besides
,
one
only
daughter
,
whose
name
was
Anna
,
her
he
had
a
great
desire
to
confer
upon
Nicholaus
,
so
he
could
any
way
admit
a
dispensation
from
Alexander
then
Pope
:
therefore
to
that
purpose
he
earnestly
petitioned
him
,
and
made
great
friends
to
sollicit
him
in
that
behalfe
,
who
willing
to
repair
the
ruins
of
so
noble
a
family
now
altogether
spent
and
wasted
,
gave
approbation
touching
the
marriage
,
which
was
accordingly
publiquely
and
with
great
pomp
solemnized
.
These
two
,
now
the
only
hopes
of
that
future
posterity
,
had
fair
and
fortuna●e
issue
,
males
and
females
,
who
were
no
sooner
grown
to
any
perfection
;
and
disposed
of
to
liberall
and
vertuous
education
,
but
(
which
is
remarkable
in
two
so
young
)
they
conferred
together
to
this
purpose
,
that
since
Heaven
had
blessed
them
with
that
for
●●ich
marriage
was
ordained
,
and
the
purpose
for
which
the
dispensation
was
granted
(
namely
issue
,
and
to
revive
a
dying
family
)
that
they
would
with
an
unanimous
consent
,
again
enter
into
religious
vowes
and
orders
,
This
motion
was
betwixt
them
resolved
,
and
having
nobly
disposed
of
their
children
,
he
took
upon
him
holy
orders
,
and
retired
himselfe
to
the
Monastery
of
St
Nicholas
;
his
wife
Anna
erected
a
Nunnery
not
far
from
Torcellus
,
which
she
made
sacred
to
Saint
Adrian
,
how
great
and
almost
miraculous
was
their
abstinence
and
piety
,
th●t
abandoning
all
worldly
pleasures
and
delights
,
when
they
flowed
about
them
in
all
abundance
,
even
then
vowed
themselves
to
solitude
and
heavenly
meditations
,
in
which
profession
they
both
in
a
fair
and
ful
age
deceased
,
Egnat
.
lib.
4
cap.
3.
and
Marullus
in
Vita
Vitalis
.
Not
much
different
from
this
is
that
which
we
read
of
Pharon
Meli●nsis
a
noble
Prelate
,
who
with
his
wife
after
some
years
of
affectionate
consociety
passed
betwixt
them
,
made
by
a
united
〈◊〉
a
strict
vow
of
future
chastity
;
she
be
took
herself
to
a
Nunn●●y
,
he
to
a
Monastry
:
but
after
seven
sollitary
winters
passed
,
he
was
still
troubled
in
his
thoughts
,
for
often
calling
to
remembrance
the
beauty
of
his
wife
,
he
repented
himselfe
of
his
former
vow
,
and
often
solicited
her
for
a
private
meeting
,
which
she
still
denying
,
and
he
more
and
more
importuning
,
at
length
the
yielded
to
give
him
visitation
;
but
the
prudent
and
chast
Lady
had
her
face
covered
,
her
eies
dejected
,
and
presented
her
s●lfe
in
a
base
and
sordid
garment
,
where
with
her
entreaties
mixt
with
tears
,
she
so
far
prevailed
with
him
,
that
without
breach
of
their
promise
made
to
heaven
,
they
took
their
lasting
leave
,
he
still
remaining
in
his
Covent
,
and
she
repairing
to
her
Cloister
,
Marul
.
lib.
4.
cap.
7.
Volaterran
.
writes
of
Petrus
Vrseolus
Duke
of
Venice
,
who
after
he
had
one
son
by
his
wife
,
by
their
unanimous
consent
,
they
vowed
perpetuall
abstinence
from
all
venereall
actions
.
So
likewise
Aloysius
de
Caballis
,
a
noble
Venetian
with
his
wife
(
a
Lady
derived
from
the
blood
of
the
Patritians
)
these
two
agreed
together
never
to
have
carnall
congression
but
only
for
issue
sake
,
neither
would
they
suffer
any
motion
,
temptation
,
or
any
word
,
look
,
or
gesture
that
might
tend
to
the
least
provocation
,
insomuch
that
(
if
we
may
beleeve
report
)
the
very
linnen
which
they
wore
next
them
,
was
so
interwoven
and
disposed
about
them
,
that
when
they
lay
together
,
with
great
difficulty
one
might
touch
the
others
naked
body
,
Egnat
,
lib.
4.
cap.
3.
Now
what
meed
these
deserve
I
am
not
able
to
judge
,
I
leave
it
to
his
wisedome
who
is
the
rewarder
of
all
goodnesse
,
and
is
the
searcher
of
the
hearts
and
reins
,
and
knowes
who
are
hypocrites
,
who
true
professors
,
who
pretend
devotion
,
meerly
for
devotion
sake
,
and
who
professe
it
for
sincere
zeal
and
religious
piety
.
Of
Beauty
,
and
the
reward
thereof
.
TO
the
great
and
solemn
marriage
betwixt
Peleus
(
the
father
of
Achilles
)
and
Thetis
,
all
the
gods
and
goddesses
were
invited
,
saying
Eris
.
i.
Discord
,
who
taking
it
ill
,
that
she
alone
of
the
immortall
deities
,
should
be
either
forgotten
or
neglected
in
that
high
and
solemn
convention
,
and
was
not
admitted
to
the
banquet
:
she
casts
in
amongst
them
a
golden
Ball
or
Apple
with
this
inscription
,
Detur
pulcherrimae
,
i
Let
this
be
given
to
the
fairest
.
This
was
no
sooner
done
,
but
up
start
the
then
most
potent
goddesses
,
every
one
assuming
to
themselves
the
excellency
of
Beauty
,
insomuch
,
that
snatching
at
the
Ball
,
it
had
almost
come
to
blowes
,
till
Jupiter
was
by
them
entreated
to
end
the
controversie
.
But
knowing
how
it
would
offend
his
wife
to
bestow
it
upon
either
of
his
daughters
;
and
again
,
if
on
the
one
,
he
must
of
force
distaste
the
other
;
he
therefore
rather
then
to
sentence
partially
,
willing
to
be
no
judge
at
all
,
commanded
Mercury
to
conduct
them
to
the
mount
Ida
,
and
there
this
dissention
to
be
ended
by
Paris
the
son
of
Priam
,
who
then
was
a
Neatherd
,
and
kept
cattell
in
the
mountains
.
These
suddenly
appearing
before
him
,
and
the
young
man
abashed
,
Mercury
cheered
him
up
,
cold
his
message
from
Jupiter
,
and
withall
delivered
to
him
the
golden
prize
to
be
disposed
of
at
his
pleasure
;
to
whom
the
bashful
Neatherd
thus
answered
,
How
can
I
(
O
Mercury
)
that
am
but
a
mortall
man
,
and
brought
up
in
all
●osticie
,
be
a
just
and
equall
censurer
of
such
divine
Beauties
,
such
causes
ought
to
be
decided
by
those
that
have
been
trained
up
in
the
urbanity
of
walled
Towns
,
or
the
delicacies
of
Courts
,
to
both
which
even
from
my
infancy
I
have
been
an
alien
and
meer
stranger
,
I
(
alas
)
have
only
judgement
to
distinguish
this
shee-goat
from
that
,
and
which
heifer
or
the
other
is
the
fairer
;
but
for
these
coelestiall
beauties
,
in
my
eies
they
are
all
infinitely
absolute
and
alike
equall
,
insomuch
,
that
I
look
not
upon
one
but
my
sight
dwels
upon
her
;
and
if
I
transfer
mine
eies
upon
a
second
,
though
I
be
refresht
,
yet
I
am
not
benefited
;
and
if
upon
a
third
,
I
am
cloied
with
variety
,
not
disparaging
any
,
but
still
applauding
the
present
:
if
I
cast
my
eie
upon
her
,
she
is
fairest
;
if
upon
the
other
,
she
appears
no
lesse
;
if
on
the
last
,
she
equals
both
the
other
;
and
stil
that
which
is
neerest
,
seems
the
best
,
as
if
succession
bred
excellency
.
And
now
I
could
wish
my selfe
like
Argus
,
to
be
eies
all
over
,
that
the
pleasure
I
receive
from
two
,
might
by
taking
these
miraculous
objects
from
an
hundred
,
at
once
be
multiplied
unto
me
according
to
the
number
,
to
make
my
now
saciety
a
surfeit
.
Besides
,
the
one
is
Juno
the
wife
and
sister
of
Jupiter
,
the
other
are
Minerva
and
Venus
his
two
daughters
,
so
that
of
necessity
in
gaining
one
uncertain
friend
,
I
shall
purchase
two
most
unconstant
enemies
;
therefore
(
saith
he
)
I
entreat
you
(
O
Mercury
)
so
far
to
mediate
for
me
to
these
goddesses
,
that
since
but
one
can
conquer
,
the
two
vanquished
will
not
be
offended
with
me
,
but
rather
to
impute
my
error
(
if
any
be
)
to
the
weaknesse
of
my
humane
sight
,
then
to
any
premeditated
and
pretended
spleen
or
malice
.
To
which
every
one
(
trusting
to
their
own
perfections
)
willingly
assented
,
when
Paris
thus
proceeded
.
Only
one
thing
I
desire
to
know
,
whether
it
be
sufficient
for
me
being
a
judge
to
censure
of
these
features
as
they
are
paralleld
,
or
more
accurately
to
prie
into
every
lineament
of
their
bodies
,
it
be
behoofeful
for
me
to
see
them
naked
.
To
whom
Mercury
replied
▪
You
being
Judge
,
and
they
now
standing
at
the
bar
of
your
censure
,
have
power
to
command
them
at
your
pleasure
:
then
(
saith
Paris
)
for
my
better
satisfaction
I
desire
to
see
them
naked
.
Mercury
then
said
,
Strip
your selves
to
your
skins
,
O
you
goddesses
,
for
it
behooves
him
to
see
,
that
judges
:
for
mine
own
part
I
am
neither
one
that
sits
up●n
the
bench
to
censure
,
nor
stand
at
the
bar
for
witness
,
therefore
whilst
you
shew
all
,
I
will
see
nothing
,
but
〈◊〉
my
face
and
look
another
way
.
At
this
Juno
first
began
.
'T
is
right
(
O
Paris
)
and
see
as
most
presuming
)
I
first
un●ace
my selfe
,
and
behold
these
are
small
and
slender
fingers
,
blew
vained
wrists
,
white
arms
,
and
fair
and
〈◊〉
shoulders
,
look
upon
my
round
Ivory
brests
,
proportioned
wast
,
smooth
and
soft
skin
;
nor
do
I
only
boast
the
splendor
of
my
amiable
face
,
and
cleer
and
pleasant
eies
,
for
the
lower
thou
lookest
,
thou
wilt
the
more
commend
my
feature
,
for
I
know
I
am
the
Queen
and
goddess
of
marriage
,
totally
,
equally
,
and
uniformly
fair
all
over
.
This
said
,
Paris
bad
Venus
expose
her selfe
to
his
free
view
,
to
which
Minerva
replied
,
Not
,
O
Paris
,
before
she
have
unloosed
and
cast
aside
that
golden
and
embossed
girdled
;
for
she
is
a
Witch
,
and
it
is
not
fit
that
thou
being
a
judge
shouldst
be
effascinated
by
her
,
neither
ought
she
to
have
come
to
this
place
so
neatly
accommodated
,
nor
so
painted
and
plastered
with
colors
,
temptations
rather
beseeming
a
strumpet
then
a
goddess
,
when
in
the
deciding
of
so
weighty
a
contention
,
it
is
fitting
that
all
our
lineaments
should
be
exposed
without
addition
,
simply
and
of
themselves
.
To
whom
Venus
replied
,
If
I
be
compelled
to
put
off
my
virginall
girdle
,
that
which
all
young
married
men
use
to
unloose
from
the
wasts
of
their
fresh
and
flourishing
brides
,
before
they
can
enter
into
the
new
Elysium
,
and
of
virgins
make
them
women
;
why
dost
not
thou
then
Mine●●a
lay
by
thy
helmet
,
by
which
(
it
may
be
)
thou
hopest
to
seem
terrible
to
the
judge
,
and
so
awe
him
to
thy
will
:
thou
oughtest
to
shew
thy
head
and
forehead
bare
as
mine
is
;
but
perhaps
thou
thinkest
with
thy
broad
and
threatning
burgonet
,
to
shadow
thy
faint
and
blew
eies
,
which
to
thy
pretended
beauty
will
appear
no
smal
or
ordinary
blemish
.
Then
saith
Minerva
,
There
lies
my
helmet
;
and
Venus
,
And
there
my
girdle
;
and
so
they
presented
themselves
before
him
all
three
,
naked
:
at
which
sight
Paris
being
extasi'd
,
broke
forth
into
this
acclamation
,
Oh
Jupiter
,
thou
monster-maker
,
and
tamer
,
what
spectacle
is
this
?
what
pleasure
?
what
delight
?
what
pulchritude
?
what
beauty
is
this
in
her
?
what
regall
state
and
majesty
?
In
the
second
,
what
affright
?
what
terror
?
yet
withall
what
amiablenesse
in
honor
,
and
what
sweetness
in
victory
?
In
the
third
,
what
tempting
and
looks
and
al●●ting
smiles
?
what
enticing
effeminacies
and
bewitching
blandishments
,
able
to
melt
Iron
,
and
soften
Marble
?
O
who
shall
then
be
vanquished
,
when
every
one
is
worthy
to
overcome
?
I
have
enough
of
felicity
,
for
I
swim
in
a
vast
and
boundless
ocean
of
rapture
,
and
surfeit
in
a
riot
of
superabundant
delicacies
.
When
no
longer
able
to
contein
himselfe
from
saciating
his
heightned
appetite
with
one
of
them
at
least
(
or
had
it
been
possible
with
all
)
he
desired
that
they
would
singly
appear
unto
him
,
as
not
knowing
how
justly
to
determine
,
when
his
two
eies
were
distracted
three
waies
at
once
.
It
was
then
ordered
by
Mercury
,
that
Minerva
and
Venus
〈…〉
depart
for
the
present
,
and
Juno
have
the
first
〈…〉
thus
began
.
Thou
hast
beheld
me
(
O
Paris
)
from
〈…〉
the
heel
,
neither
in
all
my
body
canst
thou
〈…〉
least
〈◊〉
,
then
judge
me
the
fairest
;
Scepters
,
〈…〉
and
Kingdomes
,
Potentates
,
Empires
and
domini●●●
〈◊〉
in
my
gift
:
I
will
first
make
thee
Emperor
of
all
〈◊〉
of
which
thy
father
hath
but
a
nook
or
corner
;
and
if
〈◊〉
satisfie
not
thy
ambition
,
Lord
and
Ruler
of
the
world
.
Who
told
her
he
would
consider
of
what
she
had
said
,
but
〈◊〉
he
had
heard
all
,
he
could
not
determine
of
any
thing
,
〈◊〉
so
dismissed
her
(
assured
of
the
prize
,
for
selfe
love
is
ever
confident
.
)
Minerva
next
appeared
,
and
thus
accosted
him
:
O
thou
fair
Phrygian
Swain
,
do
me
this
honor
,
in
all
〈◊〉
,
Conflicts
,
and
Combustions
,
thou
shalt
ever
〈◊〉
victorious
,
and
never
vanquished
,
thy
brother
Hector
〈◊〉
shalt
excel
in
fame
,
and
thy
father
Priam
in
honor
,
in
〈◊〉
combats
thou
shalt
overcome
,
and
in
all
battels
triumph
;
of
a
Shepherd
I
will
make
thee
a
Souldier
,
and
to
Command
more
armies
then
thou
keepest
herds
.
Farther
she
was
proceeding
,
when
he
interrupted
her
thus
;
I
have
no
need
(
Minerva
)
of
martiall
Discipline
,
or
military
prowess
▪
Asia
is
in
Peace
,
Phrygia
and
Lydia
without
distur●●●●
,
my
fathers
Empire
fearless
of
hostility
,
nor
do
I
〈◊〉
your
great
and
godlike
offers
,
nor
would
I
have
you
〈…〉
,
but
you
may
now
put
on
your
helmet
,
for
I
have
sufficiently
beheld
you
all
over
.
She
departed
,
and
smiling
Venus
lastly
presented
her selfe
with
an
amorous
look
,
and
moving
●●●ability
,
thus
saying
,
Behold
me
,
Paris
,
look
on
me
considerately
,
and
view
me
in
all
and
every
part
exactly
,
let
〈◊〉
thine
eies
wander
loosely
,
but
stedfastly
dwell
and
insist
upon
every
lineament
with
judgement
.
This
Face
,
these
Eies
,
this
Neck
,
these
Arms
(
and
spread
them
wide
,
in
which
he
could
not
chuse
but
wish
himselfe
lockt
)
these
Paps
,
this
Womb
,
this
,
&c.
and
what
thy
eies
see
not
,
let
thy
thoughts
feelingly
apprehend
.
Hast
thou
not
perused
me
enough
?
yet
consider
me
further
;
what
are
Kingdomes
but
cares
?
or
thrones
but
troubles
?
what
are
battels
but
bloodsheds
?
or
victories
but
triumph
over
slaughter
?
To
love
and
be
beloved
is
content
,
and
conteins
a
Kingdom
in
it selfe
;
to
war
and
here
to
vanquish
,
combat
and
thus
to
come
off
is
honor
without
harm
,
and
conquest
without
cruelty
:
nor
is
this
feature
on
which
thy
eies
dwell
with
such
admiration
,
the
guerdon
proposed
thee
for
my
victory
:
but
a
Face
fairer
,
Eies
brighter
,
Hands
whiter
,
Flesh
softer
,
Skin
purer
,
〈◊〉
more
imitating
gold
,
and
Lips
more
lively
resembling
〈◊〉
.
Think
on
such
kisses
,
Paris
,
Hellens
,
Hellens
of
〈◊〉
,
she
is
the
daugher
of
Leda
,
whom
Jupiter
in
the
shape
〈◊〉
a
Swan
defloured
;
white
therfore
she
must
needs
be
,
and
〈◊〉
,
as
hatched
by
so
beautiful
a
bird
.
This
is
that
Hellen
whom
Theseus
thought
worthy
of
a
rape
,
and
roiall
Menelaus
of
the
Pelopidan
family
,
his
Hymenean
contract
:
if
thou
fearest
and
doubtest
to
attain
to
this
superabundance
of
happinesse
,
loe
,
I
have
two
children
,
Amability
and
Love
,
these
I
will
deliver
unto
thee
who
shall
be
captains
of
thy
Vo●●ge
,
under
thee
their
generall
,
Cupid
my
eldest
shall
inflame
her
,
and
Amability
shall
make
thee
gratious
and
amiable
in
her
eies
;
I
will
moreover
intreat
the
Graces
to
be
companions
with
thee
in
thy
journie
.
These
words
were
so
sweetly
delivered
by
her
,
and
so
inflamedly
apprehended
by
him
that
by
giving
the
golden
apple
to
her
,
she
had
the
glory
to
be
esteemed
the
fairest
and
worthiest
.
Matris
Acidaliae
javenis
deceptus
amore
Non
curat
reliquas
,
(
Caecus
)
habere
Deas
Pallade
quid
melius
Junone
potentius
ipsa
,
Preferimus
Cipridos
muner●
prava
tamen
.
The
Phrigian
youth
with
Venus
love
surpriz'd
,
Took
of
the
other
goddesses
no
care
:
Pallas
and
potent
Juno
he
despis'd
,
Leaving
the
good
,
and
great
,
to
chuse
the
fair
.
The
Beauty
of
a
woman
is
especially
seen
in
the
face
,
by
which
we
may
conjecture
the
excellency
of
the
other
hidden
lineaments
of
the
body
;
and
therein
is
many
times
the
pulchritude
of
the
mind
illustrated
,
as
in
the
bashful
eie
,
modest
look
,
and
shamefaced
countenance
;
therefore
doth
the
face
deservedly
challenge
the
first
seat
of
Beauty
,
the
Head
being
the
noblest
part
of
the
body
,
the
Will
,
the
Mind
,
the
Memory
,
the
Understanding
have
their
place
and
residence
,
where
they
exercise
their
divers
effects
and
qualities
,
therefore
though
they
be
in
the
other
parts
of
the
body
excellently
featured
,
though
they
be
Wise
,
Learned
,
irreprovable
in
Life
and
conversation
,
unblemished
in
their
reputation
,
and
every
way
laudable
,
yet
the
face
is
the
first
thing
contemplated
,
as
noble
above
the
rest
,
and
from
which
all
other
excellencies
are
approved
;
for
when
all
the
rest
are
masked
and
hidden
,
that
only
is
continually
visible
,
and
laid
open
:
and
that
may
be
the
reason
why
most
women
that
are
not
born
fair
,
attempt
with
artificiall
beauty
to
seem
fair
:
Beauty
therefore
being
a
Dower
of
it selfe
,
is
a
reward
in
it selfe
.
Of
Bounty
,
Charity
,
Piety
,
and
other
Vertues
in
Women
,
with
their
Rewards
.
ONe
Berta
a
Country
maid
,
of
the
Village
of
Montaguum
,
in
[
*
](A43596-e161390-b)
*
The
Province
belonging
to
Padua
.
Patavia
,
who
having
spun
an
excellent
fine
thread
,
which
was
so
curiously
twisted
,
that
it
was
not
to
be
matched
by
the
hands
of
any
:
and
offering
it
in
the
City
to
publique
sale
,
when
none
would
reach
to
the
price
at
which
she
valued
her
pain
and
skil
,
she
thinking
it
a
gift
worthy
an
Empresse
,
presented
it
to
Ber●ba
the
wife
of
Henry
the
fourth
,
Emperor
,
who
at
that
time
sojourned
in
Patavia
.
She
both
admiring
the
excellency
of
the
work
,
and
willing
with
her
roiall
bounty
to
encourage
the
plain
Wench
that
wrought
it
,
commanded
her
steward
to
take
the
Yearn
,
and
go
with
the
maid
to
Montaguum
,
and
out
of
the
best
soil
there
,
to
measure
so
many
acres
of
ground
as
that
thread
(
stretched
out
in
length
)
would
compasse
:
by
which
her
roiall
bounty
,
poor
Berta
grew
suddenly
rich
,
and
from
a
Dowerlesse
Virgin
became
a
Match
enquired
after
by
the
best
men
of
the
Countrie
:
insomuch
,
that
from
her
flowed
the
illustrious
Patritian
Family
in
Padua
,
which
derive
themselves
from
Montaguum
.
This
the
Women
of
neighbor
Villages
seeing
,
they
all
began
to
strive
to
equal
(
if
not
exceed
)
Berta
,
at
their
Wheels
and
Spindles
,
and
hoping
of
the
like
reward
,
troubled
and
oppressed
the
Empresse
with
multiplicity
of
presents
;
who
causing
them
all
to
appear
before
her
at
once
,
she
thus
spake
to
them
:
If
not
in
Art
,
yet
Berta
was
befor
you
in
time
;
I
thank
you
love
,
and
commend
your
skill
,
but
she
hath
prevented
you
of
the
blessing
.
Which
saying
of
hers
is
still
remembred
as
a
Proverb
in
all
that
Country
:
for
when
any
thing
is
done
unseasonably
,
or
not
in
due
time
,
they
say
,
Non
è
pui
quel
tempo
,
che
Berta
filava
,
i.
You
come
not
in
the
time
when
Berta
spun
:
or
as
our
English
Proverb
is
,
You
come
a
day
after
the
Fair
,
Bernard
.
Scardeonus
.
lib.
3.
Histor.
Paiav
.
In
which
the
Empress
expressed
great
wisedome
;
who
as
she
shewed
a
rare
bounty
(
in
which
men
and
women
come
neerest
the
gods
,
who
are
the
free
givers
of
all
good
things
)
so
she
knew
how
to
dispose
it
;
namely
to
her
that
came
to
tender
her
love
:
not
such
as
a
varitiously
presented
their
Offerings
meerly
for
lucre
and
benefit
,
Touching
Charity
,
Bruson
.
lib.
2.
cap.
21.
relates
,
That
a
poor
begger
desiring
an
alms
of
Lacon
,
he
thus
answered
him
:
If
I
give
thee
any
thing
,
I
make
thee
a
greater
begger
,
and
thou
maiest
curse
him
that
first
gave
thee
,
for
it
was
he
that
made
thee
one
.
Amongst
the
Lacedemonians
,
nothing
was
more
shamefull
then
to
beg
,
being
an
industrious
Nation
,
hating
sloth
,
and
contenting
themselves
with
little
.
Notwithstanding
Charity
is
commendable
in
all
,
and
reckoned
amongst
the
best
Theologicall
Vertues
:
neither
is
it
any
fault
in
such
,
if
their
goodnesse
and
bounty
be
not
a
means
to
encourage
idlenesse
and
sloth
in
bad
people
,
who
make
a
pretence
of
want
and
penury
:
therefore
commendable
it
is
in
any
man
that
is
apt
to
give
,
to
know
upon
whom
he
doth
bestow
.
King
Archelaus
being
at
a
banquet
,
where
such
as
he
vouchsafed
to
set
at
his
Table
,
were
wondrous
pleasant
about
him
;
amongst
others
,
one
that
had
great
familiarity
with
him
,
demanded
as
a
gift
,
a
great
standing
bowl
which
the
King
had
then
in
his
hand
:
which
he
had
no
sooner
spoken
,
but
the
King
called
to
one
that
waited
at
his
elbow
,
to
whom
he
said
,
Hold
,
take
this
bowl
,
and
bear
it
to
the
Poet
Euripides
,
and
tell
him
,
I
bestow
it
on
him
as
my
free
gift
.
The
other
demanding
the
reason
thereof
,
Archelaus
answered
,
Thou
indeed
art
only
worthy
to
ask
,
but
not
receive
,
but
Euripides
is
worthy
to
receive
without
asking
.
In
which
he
nothing
abated
of
his
Kingly
bounty
,
only
he
apprehended
how
most
worthily
to
dispose
it
:
Plutarch
.
in
Regum
Apophtheg
.
Now
of
the
reward
of
religious
Piety
,
in
which
many
Matrons
and
godly
martyred
Virgins
(
amongst
such
as
have
suffered
strange
deaths
)
may
be
included
,
as
some
by
the
Sword
,
some
by
by
Fire
,
others
suffocated
by
Smoak
,
stilled
in
Jakes
,
shot
with
Arrowes
,
tortured
upon
Wheels
,
scourged
with
Whips
,
scared
with
Irons
,
boiled
in
Caldrons
,
&c.
their
Crowns
are
glory
,
their
Rewards
neither
to
be
expressed
by
pen
,
tongue
,
or
apprehension
of
man
.
Loosnesse
of
Life
first
converted
,
and
the
conversion
rewarded
,
in
a
home
bred
History
.
A
Civill
Gentleman
(
within
memory
)
in
the
heat
of
Summer
having
been
walking
alone
in
the
fields
,
Cura
.
ONe
woman
I
had
almost
forgotten
,
but
better
remember
her
at
last
,
then
not
at
all
;
and
strange
it
is
I
should
do
so
,
since
she
is
still
present
with
the
King
in
his
Thron●
,
with
the
Generall
in
the
Camp
,
the
Tradesman
in
his
Shop
,
and
the
Plowman
in
his
Cottage
,
she
is
with
the
Scholler
in
his
Study
,
and
the
Statesman
in
his
Closet
,
she
is
still
at
the
elbow
of
every
Father
or
Mother
,
and
no
family
can
exist
without
her
.
In
this
my
work
she
hath
risen
early
with
me
in
the
Morning
,
and
again
sate
up
with
me
till
past
Midnight
,
she
will
leave
no
man
Waking
,
nor
forsake
him
till
he
his
fast
Sleeping
.
This
womans
name
is
Care
,
the
grandmother
of
Fears
and
Doubts
,
who
passing
a
river
,
and
finding
a
vein
of
bituminous
and
clammy
clay
(
being
full
of
thoughts
)
she
began
to
fashion
a
part
thereof
to
the
true
semblance
and
shape
of
a
man
,
and
deliberating
with
her selfe
what
she
had
done
,
and
being
enamored
with
her
late
workmanship
,
and
casting
how
best
to
dispose
it
,
Joves
Herald
(
Mercury
)
comming
that
way
by
accident
,
saluted
her
,
whom
she
intreated
to
be
an
intercessor
to
Jupiter
in
her
behalfe
,
to
give
that
picture
life
.
He
at
Mercuries
entreaties
,
did
so
.
There
was
then
question
made
how
to
name
it
,
Cura
would
have
it
called
after
her
own
name
,
Care
;
but
Jupiter
would
not
agree
to
that
,
but
give
it
his
;
next
,
up
start
Tellus
,
i.
The
Earth
,
and
pleaded
the
name
belonged
to
her
,
because
from
her
it
first
proceeded
.
The
deciding
of
this
controversie
was
put
to
Saturn
,
who
thus
ended
it
:
You
Jupiter
shall
take
charge
of
it
,
and
after
death
receive
the
Spirit
back
that
first
gave
it
;
Care
,
because
she
first
fashioned
it
,
Care
shall
all
the
life
time
possesse
it
.
But
because
the
difference
is
about
the
name
,
Homo
vocetur
quia
ex
humo
factus
esse
videtur
,
i.
Let
it
be
called
man
because
made
of
the
Earth
:
And
therefore
with
great
elegance
,
Tibull
.
3.
lib.
3.
Eleg.
3.
thus
writes
:
Nam
grave
quid
prodest
pondus
mihi
diviti●
auri
?
Arvaquae
si
findant
pinguia
mille
●oves
,
&c.
What
profit
golden
heaps
weigh'd
by
the
pound
?
Or
if
a
thousand
Oxen
plow
my
ground
?
What
profits
me
my
house
?
although
it
stand
On
Phrygian
columns
,
wrought
by
curious
hand
,
Digg'd
first
,
and
fetcht
from
the
Tenarian
Mine
,
Or
else
Caristus
whether
brought
from
thine
?
Or
woods
,
beneath
my
roof
planted
for
state
,
Which
seem
the
sacred
groves
to
imitate
?
My
golden
beams
and
●loors
with
marble
pav'd
,
Or
my
Pearl-shining
vessels
so
much
crav'd
From
th'
Erichthraean
shores
?
what
all
my
pride
In
wooll
,
that
's
in
Sydonian
purple
di'd
?
Or
what
besides
,
the
vulgar
sets
on
fire
,
Who
still
most
envy
,
where
they
most
admire
.
These
but
the
temporeall
gifts
of
fortune
are
,
And
't
is
no
pomp
can
f●ee
my
thoughts
from
Care
.
Reward
due
to
Philosophers
,
Orators
and
Poets
.
IN
what
honor
all
Philosophers
have
been
of
old
with
Princes
and
Emperors
,
lies
next
in
me
to
speak
of
,
as
Agathe
Pythagoricus
with
Arcesilaus
King
of
Macedon
,
Plato
with
Dionysius
,
Aristotle
with
Philip
and
Alexander
,
Xeno
Cit●eius
the
son
of
Mnasenus
with
the
Athenians
,
Theophrastus
honored
by
Demetrius
,
Psaleraeus
with
golden
statutes
,
Posidonius
entired
to
Cneius
Pompeius
Magnus
,
Ariston
to
Julius
Caesar
,
Zenarchas
to
Augustus
,
Apollonius
Tyanaeus
to
Bardosanes
King
of
Babylon
,
Dion
Prusienis
to
the
Emperor
Trajanus
,
Arrius
to
Alexander
,
Heliodorus
to
Adrianus
,
Sopater
to
Constantinus
Magnus
,
with
infinte
others
,
of
which
it
is
not
necessary
now
to
insist
.
Plutarch
remembers
us
in
the
life
of
Alexander
,
That
he
having
taken
ten
of
these
Gymnosophists
,
Living
,
because
the
dead
are
not
.
The
second
,
Whether
the
Earth
or
the
Sea
harbored
the
greatest
Monsters
?
Resp.
The
Earth
,
because
the
Sea
is
but
part
thereof
.
The
third
,
What
beast
of
all
creatures
was
the
most
craftie
?
That
which
to
man
is
best
known
.
The
fourth
,
Why
did
the
Sabbae
revolt
from
Macedon
?
Resp.
That
they
might
either
Live
well
,
or
Die
ill
.
The
fifth
,
Whether
the
day
was
before
the
night
,
or
the
night
before
the
day
?
Resp.
The
day
,
for
one
day
was
before
another
.
The
sixth
,
What
was
the
best
way
to
make
a
man
generally
beloved
of
all
?
Resp.
To
be
the
best
man
,
and
no
tyrant
.
The
seventh
,
How
might
a
man
be
made
a
god
?
Resp.
By
doing
that
which
a
man
is
not
able
to
doe
.
The
eighth
,
Whether
is
Life
or
Death
the
stronger
?
Resp.
Life
,
because
it
beareth
so
many
disasters
.
The
ninth
he
demanded
,
How
long
he
thought
a
man
to
live
?
Who
answered
,
●ust
so
long
as
he
desired
not
to
see
Death
.
When
the
King
turning
to
the
judge
,
bad
him
give
just
sentence
;
he
said
that
one
had
answered
more
impertinently
then
another
:
then
saith
the
King
,
thou
art
the
first
that
oughtest
to
die
for
so
judging
.
But
he
replied
,
Not
so
,
O
King
,
because
it
was
your
own
condition
,
that
he
should
suffer
first
that
made
the
worst
answer
.
This
said
,
the
King
dismissed
them
bounteously
and
roially
rewarded
.
If
then
for
ambiguous
answers
to
such
slight
and
yet
doubtfull
questions
,
Alexander
thought
them
worthy
of
such
gifts
and
presents
;
with
what
Memories
,
what
Praises
,
what
Crowns
,
Columns
,
and
Statues
ought
we
to
dignifie
and
celebrate
the
names
of
Queen
of
Zenobia
,
Amalasuntha
,
Aspatia
,
Fulvia
,
Morata
,
and
others
?
This
Solomon
the
wisest
(
not
only
of
Kings
)
but
of
men
,
well
knew
,
when
having
made
proof
of
the
wisedom
of
Nicaulis
Queen
of
Aethiopia
,
he
sent
her
back
into
her
Country
so
liberally
furnished
and
so
roially
rewarded
.
What
I
have
spoke
of
these
may
be
pertinently
apply
to
our
women
studious
in
Divinity
,
Oratory
,
and
Sophistry
,
and
laboriously
practised
in
all
other
liberall
Arts
and
Sciences
;
Nor
can
I
more
fitly
in
my
mind
conclude
this
work
,
then
as
I
begun
with
goddesses
,
so
to
end
with
good
women
:
Only
of
the
honor
due
to
Poetesses
,
because
it
belongs
something
to
mine
own
profession
,
I
will
borrow
my
conclusion
from
Ovid
in
his
last
Elegy
of
the
first
book
Amorum
,
the
title
is
Ad
invidos
quod
fama
poetarum
sit
perennis
:
Quod
mihi
livor
edax
ignavos
objicis
annos
?
Ingeniique
vocas
carmen
inerte
meum
?
Why
(
eating
envy
)
dost
thou
as
a
crime
,
Object
unto
me
sloth
,
and
mispent
time
?
Terming
the
Muse
and
sacred
Numbers
vain
,
The
fruitlesse
issue
of
an
idle
brain
.
I
am
not
won
to
spend
my
youth
in
war
,
By
which
our
predecessors
famous
are
:
It
tempts
not
me
to
search
the
brabling
lawes
,
Orat
the
bar
to
quarrell
in
a
cause
:
These
〈◊〉
mortall
〈◊〉
,
and
transitory
,
When
〈◊〉
purchase
〈◊〉
eternall
glory
.
Whilst
Ida
stands
,
or
Ten●dos
hath
name
,
O●
Symois
streams
shall
run
,
so
long
thy
same
(
Meonides
)
shall
live
,
whilst
grain
shall
grow
,
Which
men
with
syth
or
sicle
,
reap
or
mow
:
Whilst
vineyards
grapes
,
and
these
grapes
yields
us
wine
,
Famous
Ascraeus
,
even
so
long
shall
thine
.
Battiades
,
the
whole
world
shall
impart
,
For
what
he
wants
in
wit
,
he
hath
in
art
.
No
lesse
can
chance
to
thy
Cothurnate
strain
,
Oh
Saph●cles
:
nor
Aratus
thy
vain
.
The
honours
by
the
Muses
you
have
won
,
Shall
last
,
if
not
outlast
both
Moon
and
Sun
.
Whilst
there
's
a
crafty
Servant
,
or
hard
Sire
,
Fat
〈…〉
,
men
shall
admire
〈…〉
Ennius
although
obscure
,
〈…〉
you
shall
both
endure
.
All
shall
〈◊〉
Varro
that
but
hear
of
Greece
;
〈…〉
〈…〉
〈…〉
〈…〉
〈…〉
〈…〉
〈…〉
〈…〉
〈…〉
Shall
both
be
famous
.
Whilst
there
's
Tree
or
Stone
,
Or
Plant
or
Herb
,
or
Ground
to
tread
upon
,
When
〈◊〉
consume
,
and
when
the
Plow
shall
wast
And
be
forgot
,
yet
Numbers
still
must
last
.
Vnto
the
Muses
,
even
Monarches
must
yield
,
And
glorious
triumphs
purchast
in
the
field
:
To
her
yield
Tagus
with
thy
golden
shine
,
You
Terrhene
are
,
and
only
she
divine
.
Let
then
the
vulgar
,
what
is
vile
admire
,
That
nothing
else
save
earthly
drosse
desire
.
Gold
hair'd
Apollo
with
full
hand
shall
bring
My
flowing
cup
fill'd
from
the
Muses
spring
.
And
crown'd
with
myrtle
,
I
shall
now
be
sung
,
And
be
made
frequent
in
each
lovers
tongue
.
Envy
the
living
soul
detracts
,
but
Fate
Concluding
life
,
she
likewise
ends
her
hate
.
And
then
her
rancor
is
no
longer
fed
,
When
living
Honor
shall
maintain
us
,
dead
:
And
when
my
Funerall
Rites
their
last
fires
give
,
Then
shall
the
great'st
part
of
my selfe
still
live
.
And
this
perpetuity
of
Fame
which
Ovid
in
giving
to
others
likewise
attributes
to
himselfe
,
is
that
which
all
the
truly
Noble
,
Chast
,
Wife
,
Vertuous
,
Learned
and
Religious
Virgins
,
Wives
and
Matrons
,
have
proposed
as
their
just
Reward
;
who
lift
their
thoughts
upward
,
and
despising
the
Frailties
,
Uncertainties
,
and
Vanities
of
the
Earth
,
aim
their
Meditations
Contemplations
,
and
Pious
Actions
at
the
sublimities
of
Heaven
.
FINIS
.