THE
LIFE
OF
Cornelius
Tromp
,
Lieutenant
Admiral
of
Holland
and
of
West-Friseland
.
The
First
BOOK
.
THERE
is
no
Flourishing
State
in
the
World
but
must
acknowledge
it self
to
be
supported
chiefly
by
two
main
firm
and
solid
Pillars
:
I
mean
,
We
shall
say
nothing
of
the
first
years
of
the
life
of
Cornelius
Tromp
,
whose
History
we
design
here
to
write
,
because
there
usually
happens
nothing
to
men
in
that
time
of
infancy
that
much
concerns
or
is
much
worth
the
Curiosity
of
the
publick
.
It
will
be
enough
only
to
remark
to
you
that
having
been
as
't
were
wholly
nourish'd
and
brought
up
at
Sea
from
his
most
tender
youth
,
scarcely
was
he
arrived
to
a
Capacity
of
Commanding
but
he
was
made
Captain
of
a
Ship
which
imployment
he
discharged
with
so
much
Courage
and
Ability
that
gave
the
World
a
certain
prognostick
,
he
was
destinated
to
exercise
those
of
greater
importance
.
One
of
the
first
occasions
in
which
he
was
imployed
,
and
of
which
doubtless
a
particular
Relation
will
be
acceptable
,
was
in
the
War
the
States
were
obliged
to
make
against
the
Corsairs
of
Barbary
.
For
those
Pyrates
taking
daily
a
great
Number
of
Dutch
Merchant-Ships
,
bound
either
to
Spain
,
or
for
divers
other
ports
in
the
Mediterranean
;
the
States
at
length
tired
out
and
vext
with
so
many
losses
,
gave
order
to
John
de
Galen
,
Famous
for
his
brave
Actions
,
to
Joyn
himself
to
the
Commander
de
Wilde
,
and
to
the
Capt.
Tromp
,
and
Van
Velsen
,
to
go
before
Sally
,
and
to
Block
up
that
Port
by
Sea
,
in
order
by
that
means
,
to
put
a
stop
to
the
Course
of
it's
Piracies
.
He
had
orders
to
Convoy
by
the
way
,
as
far
as
Cadiz
,
all
Merchant-Ships
going
into
France
or
Portugal
,
and
to
steer
away
from
thence
towards
Sally
.
Accordingly
Setting
sail
and
being
come
into
those
Seas
,
he
was
inform'd
by
Captain
Vries
who
was
Cruising
there
,
that
no
Corsair
had
yet
appeared
in
those
parts
,
because
those
Barbarians
were
at
Intestine
Jars
about
the
Government
,
and
that
they
of
the
old
Town
had
taken
up
arms
against
those
of
the
new
;
but
that
notwithstanding
the
differences
among
themselves
,
they
were
unanimously
inclined
to
hearken
to
a
Treaty
of
Peace
whenever
it
should
be
offered
to
them
by
the
States
General
,
because
they
stood
in
much
fear
of
their
power
.
And
in
effect
,
de
Galen
was
no
sooner
arrived
thither
,
but
a
Negotiation
was
presently
entred
into
to
draw
up
the
Conditions
of
the
Treaty
.
In
order
to
which
,
it
was
first
agreed
upon
,
that
as
soon
as
the
Moors
should
have
put
up
a
White
Flag
in
the
Fort
,
de
Galen
should
put
up
the
like
upon
his
Main-Mast-Top
,
for
a
Signal
that
the
Deputies
of
Sally
,
might
safely
come
on
Board
the
Admiral
.
At
which
Signal
accordingly
four
Moorish
Deputies
came
thither
,
whom
de
Galen
received
in
the
Captains
State-Room
,
with
great
Civility
.
He
that
was
the
principal
amongst
them
,
said
that
the
Princes
both
of
Old
and
New
Sally
,
had
expected
with
great
impatience
the
arrival
of
the
Holland
Fleet
,
in
hopes
of
coming
to
a
Treaty
of
Peace
with
them
,
to
which
they
were
entirely
disposed
,
and
so
much
the
more
upon
Consideration
,
that
they
had
formerly
lived
in
good
Correspondence
with
them
before
they
had
thrown
off
the
Yoke
of
those
of
Morocco
;
for
that
it
was
surprizingly
strange
,
they
should
whilst
they
were
yet
slaves
,
have
preserved
Peace
with
a
free
Nation
as
were
the
Dutch
,
and
that
now
since
they
were
come
out
of
Slavery
into
Liberty
,
they
should
fall
out
with
the
same
people
,
but
that
the
cause
of
all
those
unhappy
Hostilities
that
had
happened
since
between
them
,
were
to
be
attributed
to
some
of
their
Chiefs
;
and
that
,
in
a
word
,
they
Earnestly
desired
,
that
such
Reasonable
Conditions
might
be
proposed
,
that
might
be
the
foundation
of
a
lasting
Accommodation
;
to
satisfy
which
desire
of
theirs
,
our
Admiral
proposed
to
them
the
following
Articles
,
viz.
1.
That
all
Christian
slaves
of
what
Nation
soever
that
had
been
taken
on
Board
any
Dutch
Ships
,
should
be
Released
without
Ransome
and
without
any
wrong
done
to
them
.
2.
That
for
the
Future
no
Ship
belonging
to
the
States
,
should
be
stopt
upon
any
pretence
whatsoever
.
3.
That
no
Corsair
Ship
should
be
suffered
to
go
out
of
Sally
,
without
giving
in
first
sufficient
security
,
that
none
of
the
States
Ships
should
be
molested
by
them
.
4.
That
such
Dutch
Ships
as
had
been
taken
by
the
Corsairs
of
Algier
or
Tunis
,
and
brought
into
their
Ports
to
be
sold
,
should
be
Restored
into
the
hands
of
their
Respective
owners
.
5.
That
it
should
not
be
lawfull
to
retain
any
Native
Subject
of
the
united
Provinces
,
as
a
slave
,
nor
to
sell
him
as
such
within
the
Countries
under
their
Jurisdiction
,
but
he
should
be
immediately
set
at
Liberty
.
6.
That
the
Hollanders
should
Trade
freely
and
safely
with
them
.
7.
That
no
Merchandises
Imported
or
Exported
by
the
Hollanders
should
pay
any
higher
Duties
,
than
those
of
the
Moors
themselves
.
8.
That
if
it
so
pleased
their
High
and
Mightinesses
,
the
States
,
their
Allies
should
likewise
be
included
in
the
same
Treaty
.
And
lastly
that
this
Treaty
should
in
all
points
be
observed
as
firmly
and
inviolably
as
the
Treaty
before
made
between
the
said
States
and
the
King
of
Morocco
.
It
was
likewise
thought
fit
by
the
Council
on
our
side
,
that
Captain
de
Uries
should
take
Boat
and
go
into
Sally
,
to
push
on
with
so
much
the
more
Vigour
the
Negotiation
of
the
Peace
.
In
the
mean
while
in
spite
of
all
the
vigilance
of
our
men
in
guarding
the
Avenues
of
the
Port
,
one
of
their
Corsairs
,
slily
gliding
in
along
by
the
Ramparts
,
stole
into
the
Town
.
On
the
other
side
,
Captain
de
Wilde
,
was
ordered
to
go
with
his
Ship
to
Mamore
a
little
sorry
Town
about
500
paces
from
the
main
Sea
,
situated
at
the
mouth
of
the
River
Subus
,
and
twelve
Miles
distant
from
the
Town
of
Sally
,
with
design
to
stop
up
that
passage
from
the
Enemies
,
and
to
hinder
them
from
watering
there
.
He
was
received
there
by
the
Governour
with
great
demonstrations
of
friendship
,
and
after
he
had
performed
the
Orders
he
had
Received
,
he
returned
again
to
his
Station
before
Sally
,
where
he
was
extreamly
surprised
to
see
the
Treaty
of
Peace
broken
off
.
For
the
Moors
were
so
far
from
consenting
to
Release
the
Prisoners
without
Ransome
,
that
they
would
not
endure
to
hear
it
mov'd
,
and
those
of
Aribal
were
so
refractary
as
to
make
a
difficulty
likewise
of
accepting
the
other
Articles
of
the
Treaty
.
Which
obstinacy
in
those
Barbarians
had
like
to
have
provoked
the
Hollanders
to
shew
their
Resentment
by
the
last
extremities
;
however
,
they
could
not
forbear
replying
to
them
in
such
high
Terms
as
sufficiently
testified
how
deeply
they
were
incens'd
at
their
proceedings
.
But
with
all
this
Huffing
,
they
were
not
able
to
gain
upon
the
Moors
to
make
them
alter
a
whit
of
their
Resolutions
,
nor
yet
by
several
other
Negotiations
by
Letters
,
which
produced
no
effect
.
In
the
interim
our
Admiral
had
advice
,
that
there
had
appeared
about
Cape
St.
Vincent
seven
French
Privateers
looking
sharp
after
Merchant
Ships
:
Upon
which
,
de
Wilde
,
Tromp
,
and
S●●ert
,
were
ordered
to
sail
away
towards
Cadiz
,
to
Convoy
the
Ships
that
were
in
that
Rode
,
till
they
were
out
of
danger
,
and
then
to
make
back
again
to
observe
those
Privateers
;
all
which
did
not
interrupt
the
Negotiations
of
Peace
before
Sally
.
But
still
the
Moors
would
not
abate
an
ace
of
their
pretensions
concerning
the
Ransoming
the
slaves
that
were
to
be
set
at
liberty
;
nay
,
on
the
contrary
,
they
were
so
insolent
as
to
threaten
our
Fleet
,
that
if
they
would
not
agree
with
them
upon
their
own
Terms
;
that
they
would
send
away
all
the
Dutch
slaves
they
had
in
their
power
,
either
to
Algier
,
or
elsewhere
.
This
Menace
made
the
Officers
of
the
Holland
Fleet
,
who
were
then
all
present
,
to
yield
to
those
Barbarians
,
that
the
slaves
should
be
ransom'd
,
at
the
Price
they
were
first
bought
for
.
And
as
to
the
rest
of
the
Arti●●es
there
was
all
likelihood
they
would
have
been
agreed
to
,
if
the
Moors
had
not
changed
their
minds
on
a
sudden
,
and
started
abundance
of
New
difficulties
against
the
advancement
of
the
Treaty
,
upon
occasion
of
some
advice
that
was
come
to
them
from
Tetuan
,
which
gave
them
hopes
to
compass
the
destruction
of
the
Holland
Fleet
,
which
was
this
:
Nine
Algerine
Corsairs
that
put
in
for
Refreshment
there
,
had
signified
to
them
,
that
they
had
a
design
to
surprize
and
seize
one
of
the
Dutch
Ships
that
were
riding
before
Sally
.
Admiral
de
Galen's
Ship
,
was
in
most
danger
,
and
most
exposed
,
because
he
was
often
all
alone
.
The
noise
of
this
enterprize
being
confirmed
by
de
Vries
,
put
the
Dutch
Commanders
upon
more
Circumspection
in
observing
the
Enemies
.
The
other
Ships
of
the
Fleet
tackt
and
stood
back
towards
the
Admiral
,
and
used
all
the
precautions
vigilance
could
inspire
them
,
to
avoid
a
surprize
.
In
the
mean
while
,
they
beginning
to
want
fresh
Water
,
Tromp
was
detacht
away
,
to
fetch
them
some
from
La
●ache
,
and
returned
not
till
Nine
days
after
.
During
these
transactions
,
de
Vries
came
back
on
board
the
Admiral
,
with
Letters
,
and
brought
with
him
a
Spanish
Merchant
.
But
de
Galen
thought
not
fit
to
make
any
answer
to
these
Letters
,
because
he
knew
well
enough
,
that
the
Prince
of
South
Sally
was
set
out
some
●ays
before
towards
Fez
,
and
that
the
Prince
of
North
Sally
was
likewise
to
follow
him
in
two
or
three
days
,
in
order
to
make
their
Treaty
with
the
K.
of
Morocco
,
to
whom
the
most
part
of
Barbary
had
newly
submitted
,
and
who
most
favourably
received
those
that
were
most
forward
to
range
themselves
under
his
obedience
:
However
de
Galen
desired
the
Spanish
Merchant
at
his
return
to
Sally
,
to
let
those
people
know
from
him
,
that
if
they
offered
to
send
away
any
of
the
Dutch
slaves
to
other
places
,
as
they
had
threatn
d
,
that
he
would
immediately
break
off
the
Treaty
,
and
never
enter
into
any
Negotiation
with
them
any
more
.
Assoon
as
the
Princes
of
Sally
were
returned
from
Fez
,
they
presently
sent
to
give
the
Fleet
notice
of
their
arrival
,
signifying
withall
,
that
there
was
nothing
they
more
heartily
desired
than
a
Peace
,
and
that
they
passionately
long'd
to
see
the
Treaty
already
begun
,
brought
to
a
happy
Conclusion
.
At
the
same
time
,
Captain
Blok
,
who
was
dispacht
out
of
the
Texel
to
go
to
Sally
,
arrived
there
with
orders
to
De
Galen
from
the
States
,
to
go
away
for
the
Coasts
of
Bourdeaux
or
Rochel
,
to
Convoy
the
Merchant
Ships
that
were
to
go
back
from
thence
towards
Holland
.
De
Galen
in
pursuit
of
those
Orders
,
went
on
board
the
Ship
called
the
Rose
,
leaving
at
his
departure
the
care
of
the
Conclusion
of
the
Treaty
at
Sally
,
to
Captain
de
Wilde
,
and
other
Captains
of
the
Fleet
,
who
after
many
contestations
on
both
sides
,
concluded
it
at
length
on
the
9th
.
of
February
1651
,
upon
the
following
conditions
.
1.
That
the
Governours
and
Princes
of
the
two
Towns
of
Sally
,
engage
for
themselves
and
their
Descendants
,
to
cause
to
be
set
at
liberty
all
the
Slaves
taken
on
Board
any
Vessels
belonging
to
the
Vnited
Provinces
,
that
are
at
present
under
their
power
,
according
to
the
List
already
drawn
,
or
that
shall
be
afterwards
drawn
up
of
them
,
provided
they
on
their
part
,
pay
their
respective
Ransoms
at
the
price
they
were
first
sold
for
,
each
one
by
name
,
and
in
the
order
they
shall
be
set
down
in
the
List
sign'd
on
both
sides
;
and
that
it
shall
not
be
lawful
in
any
wise
to
raise
their
price
for
the
profit
of
those
concerned
with
them
,
and
much
less
to
hide
and
conceal
them
,
or
send
them
away
elsewhere
during
the
time
their
Friends
are
to
be
allowed
to
get
up
the
Money
necessary
for
their
Ransom
,
which
shall
extend
to
the
space
of
three
Months
after
the
Date
of
the
present
Treaty
.
2.
That
no
Corsair
Ship
shall
be
permitted
to
go
out
of
Sally
,
till
he
have
given
good
and
sufficient
security
not
to
molest
any
of
the
Subjects
of
the
Vnited
Provinces
,
nor
to
meddle
with
any
of
their
Ships
or
Effects
,
against
whose
liberty
it
shall
not
be
lawful
for
them
to
make
any
attempt
.
3.
That
if
any
of
the
Subjects
of
the
Vnited
Provinces
being
on
board
other
Ships
,
shall
happen
to
be
taken
by
any
of
the
Corsairs
of
Sally
,
it
shall
not
be
lawful
to
sell
them
,
but
they
shall
immediately
be
set
at
liberty
.
4.
That
the
above
said
Governors
and
Princes
of
Sally
shall
not
suffer
the
Pirates
or
Corsairs
coming
from
Tunis
,
Algiers
,
Tripoly
,
or
any
other
place
in
Turky
,
to
bring
in
any
Prises
thither
taken
from
the
Subjects
of
the
Vnited
Provinces
,
to
fell
them
either
directly
or
indirectly
,
in
any
wise
whatsoever
;
or
at
least
when
any
of
these
prises
shall
fall
into
their
power
,
the
prisoners
that
belong
to
them
shall
be
set
at
liberty
.
5.
That
the
Impost
laid
upon
Merchandises
Imported
or
Exported
shall
not
be
augmented
,
but
continue
at
the
same
rate
at
which
they
are
paid
at
present
.
6.
That
the
abovesaid
Governors
and
Princes
of
Sally
,
and
all
their
Subjects
shall
permit
all
Dutch
Merchants
there
inhabiting
,
as
likewise
such
as
from
time
to
time
shall
come
thither
from
the
Vnited
Provinces
,
to
enjoy
a
freedom
of
Trade
and
good
Correspondence
,
and
shall
demean
themselves
in
all
things
as
good
Friends
and
Neighbours
of
the
States
General
.
7.
That
it
shall
not
be
lawful
for
the
above-said
Governors
and
Princes
of
Sally
,
either
directly
or
indirectly
,
to
grant
any
Commissions
to
the
Pirates
or
Corsairs
of
Barbary
or
Turky
to
be
made
use
of
against
the
Ships
of
War
of
the
Vnited
Provinces
,
or
under
what
pretence
soever
,
to
insult
any
of
their
Merchants
Ships
.
8.
That
the
Ships
of
the
States
General
shall
not
attempt
any
thing
against
the
liberty
of
the
Ships
of
Sally
,
or
endeavour
to
seize
them
,
upon
any
pretence
whatsoever
,
but
on
the
contrary
,
shall
shew
them
all
sort
of
Friendship
and
Good-will
.
9.
That
it
shall
not
be
lawful
for
any
of
the
Pirates
of
the
Towns
of
Sally
when
they
are
out
in
Course
,
and
meet
any
Merchant
Ships
belonging
to
the
States
to
take
out
of
them
any
strangers
of
what
Nation
soever
,
but
on
the
contrary
they
shall
be
obliged
to
shew
them
friendship
,
and
shall
render
them
all
manner
of
good
Offices
.
10.
That
the
whole
shall
tend
in
all
points
to
preserve
the
Friendship
and
Alliance
m●de
between
the
States
General
of
the
Vnited
Provinces
,
and
the
King
of
Morocco
.
After
this
Peace
,
Holland
had
some
grounds
to
hope
she
should
enjoy
many
long
years
of
Repose
,
and
after
having
by
that
laid
open
to
her self
the
Commerce
of
the
Levant
,
she
might
fill
her
Coffers
with
new
Riches
.
But
Fortune
that
seems
to
have
made
it
her
business
to
keep
this
Republick
in
a
perpetual
agitation
,
made
her
soon
perceive
,
that
the
Peace
she
had
newly
concluded
with
those
Barbarians
,
was
designed
only
to
prepare
her
for
a
much
more
bloody
and
dangerous
War
.
England
at
that
time
had
erected
her self
into
a
Republick
,
and
expulsed
from
the
Government
the
Heirs
of
the
Crown
,
who
thereby
were
forced
to
seek
an
Asylum
abroad
,
and
implore
the
Succour
and
Protection
of
France
and
of
the
Vnited
Provinces
:
And
the
unexperienc'd
youth
of
King
Charles
the
II.
having
swell'd
the
daring
and
ambitious
humour
of
the
Protector
Cromwel
beyond
all
bounds
,
as
seeing
himself
Arbitrary
Master
of
that
potent
Nation
over
which
he
Lorded
it
with
an
Empire
more
Absolute
than
that
of
any
Crown'd
Heads
,
Holland
had
reason
from
thence
,
to
dread
some
very
fatal
Consequences
.
For
that
new
Republick
grown
insolent
with
the
many
advantages
she
had
newly
gain'd
against
the
Family
of
the
Stuarts
,
thought
there
was
left
nothing
else
in
the
world
capable
to
stop
the
career
of
her
Ambition
;
and
was
so
wonderfully
increas'd
in
power
,
that
she
begun
to
grow
insupportable
to
her
Neighbours
,
and
particularly
to
the
United
Provinces
,
who
saw
themselves
upon
the
point
of
coming
to
a
Rupture
with
her
.
But
in
regard
the
late
long
War
they
had
had
with
Spain
had
not
yet
given
them
time
enough
to
recover
their
strength
,
they
chose
rather
to
temporize
a
while
with
England
,
than
to
embroil
themselves
hastily
in
a
new
War
.
And
therefore
employ'd
all
sort
of
means
imaginable
to
divert
that
Storm
,
by
hastning
to
send
Ambassadors
into
England
.
Accordingly
the
Heers
Cats
,
Schaap
,
and
Vander-perre
were
dispatcht
to
London
in
that
quality
,
who
were
received
there
with
great
Honours
,
but
yet
in
such
a
manner
as
promis'd
nothing
less
than
a
happy
issue
of
their
Negotiation
.
In
the
mean
while
;
Holland
was
no
longer
able
to
keep
silence
after
the
many
bloody
outrages
she
had
received
from
the
English
.
For
her
Merchant-Ships
had
suffered
and
daily
suffered
losses
that
were
reckoned
to
amount
to
some
Millions
,
by
the
Prizes
taken
by
the
English
Privateers
,
to
the
number
of
near
two
hundred
Ships
.
Yet
Holland
had
thitherto
suffered
all
those
cruel
Hostilities
without
complaining
,
and
would
not
perhaps
have
come
to
an
open
Rupture
for
them
:
So
much
did
she
dread
the
dismal
consequences
of
a
War
that
had
no
other
ground
but
Ambition
,
if
her
too
great
patience
had
not
at
length
been
pusht
to
the
last
extremity
.
But
that
which
seemed
an
unexampled
piece
of
Hardship
imposed
by
the
English
on
the
Dutch
,
was
that
they
pretended
,
they
ought
to
be
permitted
even
in
the
midst
of
a
profound
Peace
,
to
visit
not
only
the
Merchant
Ships
of
the
States
,
but
their
Men
of
War
too
,
under
pretence
they
carried
Contraband
Goods
to
their
Enemies
.
And
besides
,
that
,
they
had
forbidden
them
to
traffick
into
that
part
of
the
Islands
call'd
the
Antilles
,
under
their
Dominion
.
Notwithstanding
all
that
,
the
States
sent
Orders
to
their
Ambassadors
,
to
try
all
amicable
ways
to
come
,
if
't
were
possible
,
to
an
accommodation
:
but
when
they
saw
there
was
no
hopes
of
Peace
,
they
took
at
last
a
resolution
to
arm
,
for
the
security
of
their
Commerce
.
Then
the
English
made
no
difficulty
to
declare
openly
to
our
Ambassadors
,
that
the
Empire
of
the
Sea
belonged
to
them
,
that
they
would
always
oppose
the
Hollanders
keeping
a
Fleet
there
,
because
that
was
a
Right
belonging
to
them
,
which
their
Ancestors
had
gotten
by
dint
of
Sword
from
other
Nations
;
And
therefore
that
they
would
never
suffer
any
other
Flagg
to
appear
upon
the
Ocean
,
but
that
of
their
own
Republick
.
However
,
this
Declaration
hindred
not
the
Naval
Army
of
the
United
Provinces
,
being
then
ready
,
from
disposing
it self
to
set
Sail
under
the
Command
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
,
who
was
promoted
to
that
High
Office
in
the
year
1637
,
in
the
room
of
the
Sieur
Dorp
,
who
quitted
the
Service
.
But
before
they
set
out
,
Tromp
desired
the
States
to
give
him
directions
how
he
should
behave
himself
towards
the
English
concerning
the
honour
of
the
Flagg
,
of
which
they
have
in
all
times
been
extremely
jealous
.
The
States
askt
him
how
he
had
behav'd
himself
in
that
point
in
the
time
of
King
Charles
;
Tromp
replied
,
that
when
any
English
Vessels
happned
to
meet
them
towards
Callice
or
near
the
Coasts
of
England
,
especially
if
the
English
were
strongest
,
the
Hollanders
used
to
salute
them
with
some
discharge
of
their
Canon
,
and
by
lowering
their
Flag
;
upon
which
,
the
States
left
the
matter
to
his
discretion
,
to
act
therein
according
as
his
prudence
should
direct
him
;
ordering
him
to
do
nothing
to
the
disadvantage
of
the
Nation
,
or
prejudicial
to
the
Glory
of
the
State
;
And
that
he
should
defend
their
Vessels
from
all
manner
of
attempts
against
any
that
should
attack
them
:
And
that
however
,
to
avoid
giving
any
new
matter
of
jealousie
to
the
English
,
he
should
endeavour
not
to
go
near
their
Coasts
.
But
a
Tempest
and
contrary
Winds
hapening
to
arise
,
Tromp
was
forced
to
quit
the
Coasts
of
Holland
and
Flanders
,
and
much
against
his
will
,
to
make
towards
the
English
Coast
,
to
save
his
Fleet
,
and
to
preserve
it
from
a
fatal
Shipwrack
,
but
he
quitted
it
again
as
soon
as
possible
he
could
,
and
made
towards
Callis
.
A
while
after
being
informed
that
Seven
Dutch
Merchant
Ships
Richly
Laden
were
coming
from
the
Streights
,
and
that
two
English
men
of
War
and
some
Frigats
were
in
quest
of
them
to
take
them
,
Tromp
changed
his
Course
to
go
to
their
assistance
.
And
in
his
way
near
Dover
,
on
the
29th
.
of
May
,
he
met
Robert
Blake
Admiral
for
the
Parliament
of
England
,
having
under
his
Command
a
Fleet
of
about
28
Capital
Men
of
War
and
Frigats
,
that
put
to
Sea
the
5th
.
of
May
to
go
a
cruising
upon
the
Coasts
of
the
Low
Countries
.
Tromp
seeing
him
disposed
himself
to
pay
the
usual
Honours
to
the
Banner
of
England
,
and
likewise
ordered
a
Boat
to
be
ready
to
carry
one
of
his
Captains
on
board
the
Admiral
to
Compliment
him
.
But
Blake
who
was
in
the
James
carrying
82
Guns
and
700
Men
,
not
minding
all
those
marks
of
Submission
,
or
at
least
making
as
if
he
perceived
them
not
,
made
three
Canon
Shots
one
after
another
at
Tromp's
Ship
,
called
the
Brederode
,
carrying
54
Guns
,
and
250
Men
,
who
answered
not
the
English
Admiral
till
after
the
third
Shot
:
And
then
't
was
,
that
the
Fight
began
to
grow
hot
,
and
Bloody
,
the
two
Fleets
continuing
to
Canonade
one
another
for
four
full
hours
,
and
then
were
parted
more
by
the
obscurity
of
the
night
,
than
for
having
satisfied
the
eager
desire
they
had
to
fight
.
The
two
Naval
Armies
then
Sheering
off
into
the
main
Sea
,
fell
to
work
each
of
them
to
repair
their
losses
,
and
together
together
the
vessels
shatter'd
and
scattered
in
the
fight
.
The
Hollanders
having
hung
out
lights
during
the
darkness
of
the
night
,
discovered
next
morning
at
break
of
day
,
the
English
Retreating
towards
Dover
.
The
Captains
Tuinemans
and
Sipke
Fokkes
,
being
cut
off
from
the
Reer
of
the
Fleet
,
were
forc'd
to
yield
to
the
Enemies
,
after
a
long
and
vigorous
resistance
.
But
Fokkes's
Ship
having
all
her
Masts
shot
by
the
board
,
and
leaking
extreamly
,
as
being
shot
through
and
through
in
many
places
,
was
quitted
again
by
the
English
as
soon
as
they
had
Plundred
her
,
for
fear
she
should
sink
under
them
;
but
yet
as
much
maul'd
as
she
was
she
made
a
shift
to
get
to
the
Dutch
Fleet
again
the
same
day
.
Bla●e's
Ship
was
so
batter'd
,
that
she
could
keep
the
Sea
no
longer
,
but
was
fain
to
be
towed
with
much
ado
into
the
Downs
.
It
is
certainly
said
,
that
if
Tromp
had
had
Sea
room
enough
during
the
fight
,
the
English
would
not
have
come
off
at
so
Cheap
a
rate
as
they
did
.
After
such
an
Action
as
that
,
which
was
to
be
lookt
on
as
the
Preludium
of
a
Bloody
War
,
which
was
ready
to
break
out
between
the
two
States
,
Tromp
being
willing
to
Justifie
himself
,
and
to
shew
that
he
was
not
the
Aggressour
,
nor
had
not
passed
his
Orders
,
Writ
the
following
Letter
upon
it
to
the
States
.
High
and
Mighty
Lords
,
SInce
my
last
of
the
20th
Instant
,
after
having
Cruized
before
the
Meuse
,
Wielengen
,
Ostend
,
and
Newport
,
till
the
24th
.
we
were
forced
to
weigh
Anchor
,
because
of
the
Boistrous
Weather
,
and
the
Tempest
growing
still
more
furious
,
several
Captains
came
aboard
the
Admiral
,
to
inform
him
what
Anchors
,
and
Cables
they
had
lost
,
some
of
them
having
but
two
left
;
and
because
the
Wind
continued
to
grow
more
violent
,
we
Resolved
for
the
preventing
of
a
greater
disaster
,
to
make
towards
the
Coast
of
Dover
.
We
got
into
the
Downs
at
one
a
Clock
,
when
I
immediately
dispatcht
away
Captain
Theyssen
of
Flushing
,
and
Captain
Allen
,
to
Compliment
Bourn
,
who
was
then
Riding
there
with
a
Squadron
of
the
English
Fleet
under
his
Command
,
and
to
desire
him
from
me
,
to
take
no
Alarm
at
the
sight
of
the
Hollanders
upon
the
Coasts
of
England
,
because
it
hapned
only
by
an
unexpected
effect
of
the
Tempestuous
Weather
,
and
to
assure
him
,
they
had
no
other
design
there
than
to
refit
their
Vessels
in
order
to
return
as
soon
as
they
could
,
towards
the
Frontiers
of
the
State
,
and
that
the
Orders
we
had
from
the
States
General
concerned
only
the
security
of
our
Trade
and
Fishing
,
and
maintaining
the
Glory
of
our
Nation
.
Bourn
having
heard
this
Message
,
made
answer
thereto
with
some
Compliments
he
charged
my
two
Officers
to
make
me
,
desiring
them
withall
,
to
return
me
his
thanks
for
my
advertisement
.
The
29th
.
of
the
same
Month
,
we
unmoor'd
with
a
Wind
blowing
fresh
at
North-East
,
steering
our
Course
towards
Callice
,
with
design
to
go
and
Cruize
upon
our
own
Coasts
,
to
refurnish
our selves
with
Anchors
and
Cables
.
We
met
in
our
way
,
the
Captain
Van
Saanen
of
Amsterdam
,
coming
from
the
Streights
,
with
Captain
Huntbuyt
,
who
informed
us
,
that
being
come
along
with
Seven
Merchant
Ships
valued
at
above
50
Tuns
of
Gold
,
they
had
left
them
at
Anchor
right
against
Fiverly
,
not
far
off
from
12
Men
of
War
belonging
to
the
English
Parliament
.
And
how
that
the
abovesaid
Van
Saanen
,
having
likewise
met
on
the
22d
.
of
May
,
near
to
Goudstart
,
an
English
Frigat
that
would
needs
have
obliged
him
to
strike
to
her
,
against
which
he
defended
himself
about
two
hours
,
till
at
last
she
was
forced
to
quit
him
;
all
these
Circumstances
had
obliged
him
to
make
to
the
Fleet
,
to
give
them
notice
in
what
danger
the
Merchant
Ships
were
.
This
made
me
Resolve
to
go
to
their
assistance
,
and
to
Rescue
them
out
of
the
hands
of
the
Enemies
,
according
to
the
7th
.
and
8th
.
Article
of
my
Commission
.
In
our
way
we
met
15
of
the
Parliaments
men
of
War
,
or
Frigats
,
upon
which
I
presently
lower'd
my
Sails
,
and
struck
my
Flag
,
in
order
to
pay
the
Honours
due
to
the
Banner
of
England
.
Being
come
within
Cannon
shot
,
the
English
Admiral
let
flie
a
shot
at
me
,
to
which
I
made
no
Answer
;
he
then
gave
me
another
,
to
which
I
Answer'd
,
upon
which
he
let
flie
a
whole
Broad
side
at
me
,
which
made
so
great
Havock
on
board
me
,
that
several
of
my
men
were
Wounded
,
and
some
of
them
had
their
Arms
or
Legs
shot
off
.
I
then
likewise
discharged
a
Broad
side
at
him
,
yet
was
not
able
all
this
while
to
discover
what
the
English
mean't
by
this
,
so
great
a
silence
there
was
kept
on
both
sides
.
And
thus
the
two
Fleets
came
all
on
a
sudden
to
be
Engag'd
in
a
general
Battle
.
In
the
mean
while
Major
Bourn
being
come
out
of
the
Downs
with
a
Squadron
of
12
men
of
War
,
or
Frigats
,
whereof
the
first
carried
from
60
to
70
pieces
of
Cannon
,
and
the
others
from
38
to
50
,
came
and
fell
thundring
upon
our
Rear
.
So
the
Fight
being
begun
at
4
in
the
afternoon
,
lasted
till
9
,
and
was
not
broken
off
but
by
the
obscurity
of
the
Night
.
Then
we
made
out
into
the
Main
Sea
,
and
the
Ships
of
both
Fleets
tack't
about
towards
their
Admirals
,
to
refit
themselves
.
We
remained
all
the
Night
,
hanging
lights
out
in
every
Ship
.
The
30th
.
in
the
Morning
,
we
discovered
the
English
Fleet
to
the
Leeward
,
making
towards
Dover
.
We
have
lost
two
of
our
Ships
that
were
in
our
Rear
,
viz.
Those
Commanded
by
the
Captains
Tuynemans
of
Middleburg
,
and
Sipke
Fokkes
,
of
Amsterdam
,
this
last
having
had
all
his
Masts
shot
do
vnclose
by
the
Board
.
The
Master
and
other
Officers
reported
to
us
,
that
they
were
taken
by
three
of
the
Parliaments
Ships
about
9
a
Clock
at
Night
,
who
after
they
had
taken
out
of
her
the
Captain
and
Lieutenant
with
about
14
or
15
men
,
put
a
great
many
English
on
board
her
,
but
they
being
afraid
she
would
sink
under
them
,
after
they
had
Plunder'd
her
,
quitted
her
.
They
reported
likewise
,
that
Captain
Tuyneman's
Ship
was
taken
an
hour
before
theirs
.
We
design
now
to
Cruise
along
the
Channel
,
to
seek
out
our
Merchant
Ships
coming
from
the
Streights
,
and
to
Convoy
them
all
together
home
to
our
own
Country
.
At
the
same
time
Tromp
dispatcht
away
an
Express
into
England
,
with
the
Copy
of
his
Letter
to
the
States
,
to
be
delivered
to
our
Ambassadours
there
.
And
to
make
it
appear
more
Authentick
,
he
caus'd
it
to
be
sign'd
by
all
the
Officers
of
the
Fleet.
But
it
happen'd
,
that
their
High
and
Mightinesses
Ambassadors
,
having
left
London
because
of
the
thick
Fogs
that
usually
infect
the
Air
there
,
were
gone
then
to
Reside
at
Chelsey
,
and
the
Express
being
stopt
,
Tromp's
dispatches
were
not
deliver'd
to
them
.
The
English
Admiral
Ship
,
leaking
on
all
sides
,
and
very
much
shatter'd
,
had
much
ado
to
get
into
the
Downs
.
There
Blake
Buried
his
Dead
,
in
the
Number
of
which
were
his
Master
and
several
other
Persons
of
Note
,
to
whom
he
caused
very
particular
honours
to
be
rendred
;
which
done
,
he
put
Pen
to
Paper
to
inform
the
Parliament
of
all
that
had
passed
.
Whereof
here
follows
the
Copy
.
Most
Honourable
Lords
,
The
News
of
this
Fight
being
brought
to
England
,
so
wrought
upon
the
Mobb
,
that
they
made
an
insurrection
,
and
went
all
in
a
fury
to
Chelsey
where
the
Dutch
Ambassadors
were
lodged
,
with
design
to
have
sacrificed
them
to
their
Resentments
,
if
the
Parliament
had
not
provided
before
hand
against
the
mischief
,
by
sending
them
a
body
of
Horse
to
Guard
all
the
passages
about
their
lodgings
,
with
strict
command
,
to
let
no
body
go
in
or
out
.
And
besides
preventing
by
that
means
any
disorder
,
they
designed
by
the
same
Expedient
,
to
cut
off
all
ways
of
Correspondence
from
the
Ambassadors
.
In
the
mean
while
there
was
nothing
to
be
heard
but
Complaints
and
Murmurings
from
all
parts
.
For
the
Country
people
in
Kent
and
Suffolk
were
so
alarmed
at
this
news
,
that
many
of
them
deserted
their
houses
,
and
others
came
and
Complain'd
to
the
Parliament
,
Representing
to
them
what
great
danger
their
Coasts
were
as
being
the
most
exposed
to
an
Invasion
,
and
putting
them
in
fear
that
the
Hollanders
would
come
and
Ravage
the
whole
Country
.
Upon
which
,
Oliver
Cromwell
,
then
General
of
all
the
Forces
of
England
,
and
who
was
the
Primum
mobile
of
that
Infant-Republick
,
immediately
set
out
towards
the
Maritime
places
,
as
well
to
appease
the
peoples
disturbed
Spirits
,
as
to
inform
himself
of
the
particulars
of
the
fight
.
Some
Regiments
were
likewise
detach'd
from
the
Army
,
and
order'd
to
march
towards
the
Sea
Coasts
,
which
were
Quarter'd
at
Greenwich
,
Gravesend
,
Sandwich
,
and
Dover
.
Cromwell
having
carefully
Examined
into
all
the
reports
of
the
Battle
,
was
very
ill
satisfied
at
it
,
and
so
much
the
more
because
Captain
William
Brandley
,
and
Captain
Dennis
Bond
,
both
English
Men
that
were
in
Dover
Castle
at
that
time
,
agreed
together
,
as
well
as
the
Dutch
Captains
,
Tuynemans
and
Sipke
Fokkes
,
who
were
prisoners
,
that
it
was
their
opinion
,
that
Blake
had
made
three
shots
at
Tromp
,
before
he
offered
to
defend
himself
.
After
such
a
discovery
as
that
,
Cromwell
returned
to
the
Parliament
at
London
,
and
at
his
arrival
,
all
was
pacified
,
and
the
unruly
Mobb
quietly
laid
down
their
arms
.
However
what
had
past
,
left
no
Room
for
any
to
doubt
,
but
that
a
War
would
thereupon
break
out
between
those
two
potent
Republicks
,
tho'
both
parties
endeavoured
to
excuse
and
Justifie
themselves
of
any
blame
in
the
matter
,
because
they
were
loth
to
pass
for
the
Authors
of
the
sad-disasters
that
must
needs
ensue
thereon
.
For
the
English
pretended
,
that
the
Dutch
were
the
Aggressors
,
but
they
maintained
the
contrary
.
Tromp
having
writ
a
Letter
to
the
States
with
all
the
Circumstances
of
the
Fight
,
as
we
have
already
seen
,
caused
likewise
a
more
exact
information
to
be
drawn
up
of
the
whole
matter
of
Fact
,
which
was
signed
by
Forty
Dutch
Officers
of
the
Fleet.
It
contained
the
whole
account
of
that
action
,
and
of
all
it's
particulars
;
and
all
the
Captains
unanimously
agreed
in
their
report
,
that
Tromp
had
no
other
design
in
this
Expedition
,
than
to
maintain
the
freedom
of
Commerce
,
and
that
he
intended
to
pay
the
honours
due
to
the
English
Flag
,
but
that
Admiral
Blake
had
made
three
shot
at
him
with
his
Guns
,
before
he
made
any
at
him
,
till
at
last
his
Patience
being
pusht
to
the
utmost
extremity
,
he
found
himself
obliged
to
answer
him
in
the
like
Language
,
at
the
third
discharge
.
On
the
other
side
all
the
Captains
of
the
English
Fleet
,
being
likewise
called
together
by
the
Admiral
's
command
,
drew
up
a
Manifesto
,
by
which
,
after
they
had
related
all
the
Circumstances
of
the
fight
,
they
pretended
to
prove
,
that
Tromp
came
up
to
the
English
Fleet
,
only
to
dare
them
,
tho'
he
against
all
sence
,
thought
to
excuse
himself
under
the
specious
pretence
of
coming
only
to
the
assistance
of
the
Dutch
Merchant
Fleet
,
when
it
was
well
known
they
had
already
weighed
Anchor
,
and
past
by
the
Saturday
before
,
in
sight
of
Admiral
Blake
,
who
never
made
the
least
offer
to
attack
them
.
That
Tromp
with
a
very
Criminal
boldness
coming
to
an
Anchor
before
Dover
,
never
made
offer
to
salute
the
Castle
,
tho'
the
Castle
had
discharged
three
Guns
,
at
three
different
times
,
to
give
him
notice
of
his
duty
;
but
that
yet
Tromp
out
of
contempt
,
dissembling
that
he
perceived
it
,
remained
in
his
post
all
Night
,
and
next
day
till
Noon
,
without
striking
his
Flag
.
And
to
add
the
more
weight
to
this
Manifesto
,
the
English
added
some
Articles
of
the
orders
that
Tromp
had
given
the
Captains
of
his
Fleet
;
which
the
English
had
gotten
information
of
from
the
two
Dutch
Captains
they
had
taken
prisoners
.
They
contained
among
other
things
,
I.
That
the
Chiefs
or
Captains
of
Squadrons
already
Equip'd
,
or
to
be
hereafter
Equip'd
,
had
Express
Orders
to
take
care
to
preserve
the
vessels
belonging
to
these
Provinces
,
and
not
to
suffer
them
to
be
visited
;
without
comprising
therein
,
the
disputes
that
necessarily
happen
at
Sea
concerning
the
passports
and
Evidences
that
every
Ship
whatever
she
be
,
is
obliged
to
shew
at
the
first
demand
,
according
to
the
Marine
Treaty
concluded
with
the
K.
of
Spain
,
the
17
of
December
1650.
That
they
should
defend
them
from
all
manner
of
Attempts
,
and
Endeavour
to
re-take
them
from
those
who
should
have
taken
them
,
by
employing
for
that
effect
their
whole
force
against
the
Aggressor
,
for
the
service
of
their
Country
,
and
Act
in
all
things
conformably
to
their
Commission
,
and
to
the
Customs
of
Sea-faring
men
.
II.
That
if
in
fighting
against
any
Foreign
Ships
whether
to
defend
themselves
,
or
other
Ships
belonging
to
the
State
,
they
should
happen
to
take
them
,
they
should
be
obliged
to
carry
them
into
Holland
,
with
a
very
exact
information
of
all
passages
between
them
,
to
be
presented
to
the
Admiralty
of
the
place
from
which
the
Victorious
Ship
set
out
.
III.
To
these
Articles
,
they
added
besides
,
that
every
Chief
,
or
Captain
should
keep
his
Guns
and
his
Arms
always
in
readiness
,
and
should
tack
about
towards
the
Admiral
,
and
the
main
body
of
the
Fleet
,
upon
sight
of
any
Foreign
Man
of
War
.
That
he
should
take
good
heed
to
the
Signal
of
War
,
and
mind
whether
it
were
offensive
or
defensive
,
that
by
protecting
the
States
Ships
and
not
suffering
them
to
be
visited
,
th●y
might
be
the
better
able
to
pursue
their
Respective
Voyages
by
Regulating
themselves
by
the
Flag
,
which
being
red
,
and
fastned
to
the
Top
Gallant
of
the
Admirals
Main
Mast
,
should
be
understood
to
betoken
War
,
at
the
sight
of
which
,
every
man
should
strive
to
do
his
b●st
,
in
order
to
gain
some
advantage
upon
the
Enemy
.
That
if
they
took
any
of
their
Ships
,
they
should
carry
it
under
the
Admirals
Flag
;
but
that
as
soon
as
the
bloody
Flag
should
be
taken
down
,
all
acts
of
Hostility
should
cease
.
IV.
It
was
moreover
expresly
forbidden
them
,
to
pay
any
salutes
with
their
Guns
,
by
way
of
honour
to
any
,
unless
upon
very
good
grounds
;
that
however
,
if
they
chanced
to
come
near
any
Foreign
Man
of
War
,
which
they
were
under
a
kind
of
an
Engagement
to
salute
,
because
it
concerned
the
honour
of
the
United
Provinces
so
to
do
,
they
should
in
such
cases
,
use
great
Circumspection
,
especially
if
the
Chiefs
or
Captains
of
such
Foreign
Ships
should
have
first
saluted
the
Lieutenant
General
,
or
him
that
commands
in
his
place
,
but
above
all
,
they
were
to
take
care
,
it
might
be
done
without
damage
.
Likewise
when
any
of
the
Ships
of
the
Fleet
being
sent
a
cruising
to
Sea
,
should
discover
any
Foreign
Ship
;
or
,
that
she
got
Intelligence
that
Warlike
preparations
were
making
any where
,
and
that
Ships
were
gathering
together
,
to
compose
a
Fleet
,
then
the
said
Ship
was
to
get
the
exactest
information
possible
,
of
the
Number
of
their
Men
of
War
,
and
of
their
Arms
,
Guns
,
and
Men
,
that
she
should
take
good
notice
,
which
way
they
steer'd
,
and
whether
in
their
passage
,
they
offer'd
to
commit
any
act
of
Hostility
.
That
in
this
case
,
they
should
give
the
Admiral
advice
of
it
with
all
the
diligence
imaginable
,
who
thereupon
,
was
to
give
the
following
Orders
,
viz.
That
scouts
be
sent
to
all
parts
of
the
Seas
,
that
all
the
Ships
of
the
Fleet
should
repair
to
the
appointed
Rendevous
,
where
they
should
consult
together
what
design
the
Fleet
so
discovered
might
have
,
what
course
they
steer'd
,
and
into
what
Harbour
they
would
enter
,
whether
into
one
of
the
ports
belonging
to
the
States
,
or
some
other
.
And
if
it
should
happen
,
they
had
fail'd
at
first
to
use
all
those
precautions
,
that
then
they
should
let
off
a
Great
Gun
for
a
Signal
;
that
so
every
one
taking
notice
it
was
an
Extraordinary
Signal
,
and
Judging
from
thence
of
the
importance
of
the
business
,
might
return
answer
thereto
,
each
of
them
likewise
,
with
a
Gun
Extraordinary
;
after
which
every
one
of
them
should
be
obliged
to
make
to
the
place
whence
the
first
Gun
was
fired
,
that
all
the
Captains
of
the
Fleet
meeting
together
on
board
the
Admiral
,
might
take
such
Resolutions
as
should
be
most
convenient
for
the
time
,
and
for
the
good
of
the
State
.
From
which
Articles
and
Instructions
of
Tromp
to
his
Officers
,
tho'
the
English
pretended
to
draw
invincible
proofs
,
that
the
Hollanders
were
the
Aggressors
in
the
late
bloody
attempt
upon
their
Fleet
,
yet
the
Dutch
on
the
contrary
,
pretended
it
was
visible
from
thence
,
that
their
main
Aim
was
only
to
secure
their
Trade
,
and
defend
the
Glory
of
their
Nation
,
in
case
they
were
attackt
,
but
that
they
had
not
the
least
design
to
be
Aggressors
against
the
English
.
After
this
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
,
whilst
he
was
Cruising
below
Bullen
,
writ
a
Letter
to
Admiral
Blake
,
dated
the
2d
.
of
June
,
in
which
he
intreated
him
to
release
the
two
Capt.
of
his
,
he
had
made
Prisoners
,
and
who
were
already
carried
to
London
,
and
to
order
the
Restitution
of
Captain
Tuyneman's
Ship
.
But
Blake
as
yet
red
hot
with
Resentment
,
for
what
was
so
newly
past
between
them
,
and
being
much
surprized
,
that
after
the
Rough
Compliments
between
them
in
that
Rencounter
,
Tromp
should
presume
to
Write
to
him
upon
such
a
Subject
as
that
,
in
very
great
indignation
,
made
him
the
following
Answer
.
SIR
,
NOthing
ever
surpriz'd
me
more
than
yours
of
the
2d
.
of
June
last
,
in
that
,
In
the
mean
while
,
the
States
Ambassadors
,
were
at
London
endeavouring
to
Renew
the
Negotiation
for
a
Treaty
,
and
having
for
that
purpose
,
demanded
Audience
of
the
Parliament
,
it
was
granted
them
.
It
was
their
business
then
,
to
endeavour
to
appease
their
exasperated
Spirits
,
and
thereby
to
put
a
timely
stop
to
the
dismal
consequences
of
the
War
that
was
ready
to
burst
out
between
these
two
Formidable
Powers
,
which
was
a
Task
of
no
small
difficulty
.
However
,
they
employed
their
industry
and
parts
in
it
to
the
best
advantage
they
could
,
and
accordingly
on
that
Subject
,
made
the
following
Speech
to
the
Parliament
.
Most
Honourable
Lords
.
WE
expected
nothing
less
than
the
fatal
disaster
which
has
lately
hapned
.
According
to
the
Orders
given
us
by
their
High
and
Mightinesses
,
to
endeavour
a
Treaty
of
Alliance
,
we
presented
some
days
ago
to
your
Commissioner
,
a
Memorial
,
in
which
we
propose
means
,
not
only
for
composing
the
differences
about
Commerce
,
but
likewise
for
the
securing
of
it
,
and
rendering
it
more
flourishing
.
And
we
desire
nothing
else
at
present
but
to
see
them
brought
to
a
speedy
and
happy
conclusion
.
And
indeed
who
could
believe
,
that
a
Treaty
that
is
at
present
the
firmest
support
of
good
and
well
disposed
people
,
and
the
most
solid
foundation
of
the
Reformation
,
should
be
interrupted
by
the
capricious
humour
of
a
few
ill
intentioned
persons
?
It
is
a
Natural
Law
acknowledged
by
all
the
World
,
That
,
in
Private
Affairs
,
if
an
Attorney
or
Proctor
;
or
in
Publick
Affairs
,
if
a
Minister
of
State
,
offers
to
pass
the
Duties
of
his
Office
;
or
if
a
General
of
an
Army
,
without
any
Order
from
his
Soveraign
,
Ravages
and
lays
Wast
the
Countries
of
his
Allies
,
or
like
a
wild
unruly
Beast
that
has
broken
his
Chains
,
runs
about
the
Fields
and
does
all
the
mischief
he
can
,
then
in
such
a
case
,
it
is
but
Justice
to
hold
the
Soveraigns
blameless
,
and
to
charge
the
●rime
upon
those
who
are
the
true
Authors
of
it
;
and
especially
if
the
Soveraigns
disavow
the
Fact
,
as
there
is
reason
to
expect
,
the
States
will
do
in
the
case
now
in
debate
.
However
there
is
no
doubt
,
but
that
it
would
be
a
thing
altogether
unheard
of
,
and
condemned
both
by
Divine
and
Humane
Laws
,
to
go
about
to
commit
any
acts
of
Hostility
,
without
hearing
first
what
reasons
the
Adversary
had
to
alledge
for
himself
.
'T
is
a
Maxime
universally
received
by
all
Nations
conducted
by
the
light
of
Reason
,
That
when
any
mischievous
fact
is
committed
,
the
examination
of
the
crime
,
should
precede
before
Sentence
be
given
;
But
likewise
,
if
the
Party
offended
receive
ample
satisfaction
,
ought
he
not
to
lay
by
his
Resentment
?
And
it
is
not
to
be
wondred
at
,
if
all
Nations
naturally
avoid
War
,
and
are
inclined
to
Peace
,
since
War
is
a
horrible
Monster
that
causes
a
thousand
unhappinesses
and
feeds
upon
nothing
but
innocent
Blood
.
Some
holy
Fathers
of
the
Church
have
very
truly
and
pertinently
said
,
That
men
ought
to
have
War
in
abomination
,
even
when
Justice
or
Necessity
it self
obliges
them
by
force
to
take
Arms
,
but
especially
Christians
,
who
ought
to
have
learnt
to
be
sparing
of
the
Blood
of
other
people
as
well
as
of
that
of
their
own
Subjects
.
Experience
shews
us
in
natural
things
,
that
when
the
most
excellent
Wines
come
to
corrupt
,
they
change
into
Vinegar
most
extremly
sharp
.
So
likewise
if
these
two
Nations
that
have
for
so
many
years
been
united
together
,
in
Religion
,
Commerce
and
Liberty
,
and
whom
the
Neighbourhood
of
the
Sea
,
the
Glory
of
Arms
,
and
their
known
valour
have
rendred
yet
more
inseparable
,
should
come
once
to
break
that
Vnion
,
what
else
must
be
expected
thence
but
their
common
Ruine
?
Would
not
they
be
then
like
th●s●
Sons
of
the
Earth
,
that
destroyed
one
another
,
as
we
are
told
in
the
story
of
Cadmus
?
And
will
not
even
our
Religion
be
thereby
exposed
to
contempt
;
and
will
not
our
common
Enemies
draw
from
our
troubles
new
matter
of
triumph
?
Truly
our
sense
in
this
case
differs
nothing
from
that
of
some
of
your
Writers
,
who
have
very
judiciously
compared
our
two
Republicks
to
two
Earthen
Vessels
floating
on
the
Sea
,
with
this
Motto
,
Si
collidimur
fragimur
,
i.
e.
If
we
fall
foul
on
one
another
,
we
shall
certainly
break
.
That
is
an
Emblem
that
admirably
well
shews
that
a
perpetual
Peace
ought
to
render
them
inseparable
.
For
if
a
well
cemented
Vnion
might
once
be
settled
between
these
two
Nations
,
what
felicities
are
there
they
might
not
enjoy
?
By
that
,
we
shall
see
Religion
firmly
established
,
the
Sea
open
to
us
,
Navigation
free
,
and
the
Enemies
of
the
two
Nations
put
out
of
all
power
to
hurt
them
,
Peace
and
Tranquility
secured
,
and
what
is
still
more
to
be
desired
,
the
Blessing
of
Heaven
entailed
upon
us
.
In
fine
,
to
conclude
,
we
therefore
most
earnestly
beseech
you
,
that
you
would
order
a
Copy
of
a
Relation
of
the
late
fight
as
it
really
passed
,
to
be
delivered
to
us
,
and
to
permit
us
to
send
it
to
the
States
General
of
the
Vnited
Provinces
,
that
by
examining
carefully
the
relations
of
both
Parties
,
the
truth
may
the
more
easily
be
detected
;
That
in
the
mean
while
,
all
Hostilities
may
cease
on
both
sides
.
That
the
Negotiation
for
a
Treaty
of
Peace
,
may
not
be
broken
off
on
this
occasion
,
That
so
by
remedying
the
misfortunes
lately
hapned
,
we
may
at
last
effect
the
conclusion
of
a
solid
and
durable
Peace
,
which
we
passionately
wish
for
,
and
which
we
pray
God
the
Soveraign
Arbiter
and
Lord
of
Peace
,
to
be
pleased
to
grant
us
.
After
this
discourse
,
the
Ambassadours
retired
,
and
were
guarded
home
to
their
Lodgings
by
a
Party
of
the
English
Guards
.
The
Parliament
seemed
to
them
to
be
extremely
divided
,
and
to
waver
much
in
their
Resolutions
about
so
weighty
and
Nice
a
Point
,
but
yet
without
positively
declaring
,
which
of
the
Admirals
they
judged
to
have
begun
the
Fight
.
The
major
part
of
the
Members
maintained
,
that
the
English
Admiral
had
right
on
his
side
,
but
Tromp
was
not
of
that
opinion
.
The
rest
of
the
Parliament
being
stirred
up
by
the
secret
practices
of
the
Spanish
Faction
,
said
,
that
the
Hollanders
had
by
the
late
action
given
an
evident
proof
of
their
Treachery
;
That
the
Republick
of
England
had
reason
to
be
much
alarmed
at
it
,
and
to
look
upon
it
as
an
assured
presage
of
their
future
Ruine
.
Yet
there
were
several
Members
of
that
Illustrious
Body
,
whether
moved
by
some
private
interest
,
or
by
a
principle
of
friendship
,
that
were
more
inclined
to
an
accommodation
with
the
Hollanders
than
to
a
Rupture
,
in
the
number
of
which
,
were
these
Gentlemen
,
viz.
Mildmay
,
Vane
,
Pembrook
,
and
several
others
:
But
Cromwel
who
was
in
the
highest
degree
of
his
fortune
,
of
which
he
made
his
Idol
,
was
the
only
man
that
had
the
secret
of
working
upon
the
spirits
of
that
Nation
.
His
Party
was
backt
by
Harrison
,
Whitlock
,
Bradshaw
,
St.
Johns
,
Harrington
,
Fleetwood
,
and
Mr.
Scot
,
who
fomented
the
Jealousies
and
lying
stories
that
the
hatred
the
people
had
conceived
against
the
Hollanders
had
lately
produced
,
nay
,
and
they
had
blown
up
the
flame
to
so
great
a
height
,
that
they
reported
,
that
Tromp
was
come
to
London
with
a
design
to
make
a
general
Massacre
of
the
people
;
but
his
enterprise
not
taking
effect
,
he
had
commanded
those
of
his
Fleet
,
to
put
all
the
English
they
met
with
to
the
Sword
;
and
that
besides
,
he
had
given
orders
to
all
his
Captains
upon
pain
of
Death
,
that
at
the
approach
of
any
English
Man
of
War
,
if
they
found
themselves
in
danger
of
being
taken
,
having
got
all
their
Seamen
upon
the
Deck
,
they
should
clap
a
lighted
Match
into
their
Powder-room
,
as
well
to
destroy
their
Enemies
by
blowing
them
up
into
the
Air
,
as
to
take
from
them
all
hopes
of
any
Booty
.
The
Sieur
Nieuport
who
was
sent
some
weeks
before
,
as
well
to
carry
some
Papers
to
the
Ambassadors
concerning
their
Negotiation
,
as
to
tell
them
several
things
by
word
of
mouth
that
were
intrusted
with
him
by
the
States
,
run
great
danger
of
his
life
,
because
he
was
taken
for
a
Spie
.
In
a
word
,
the
mutual
hatred
between
both
Nations
was
risen
to
that
high
degree
of
bitterness
,
that
there
was
reason
to
fear
they
would
never
be
reconciled
more
.
The
Ambassadors
well
observed
,
that
Cromwel
acting
like
an
able
Politition
,
used
great
dissimulation
with
them
,
and
that
besides
,
other
motives
that
actuated
him
,
he
was
further
influenced
by
his
own
private
Ambition
.
He
appeared
the
first
days
of
the
contest
very
moderate
towards
them
,
and
wholly
inclined
to
lay
,
by
some
gentle
expedient
,
the
Storm
that
was
newly
risen
,
but
yet
at
the
bottom
,
he
was
of
the
same
mind
with
the
Parliament
,
or
to
speak
more
properly
,
't
was
he
that
underhand
spurred
them
on
to
Revenge
,
and
he
that
perswaded
them
to
employ
all
their
Forces
to
destroy
the
Hollanders
.
The
Ambassadors
having
then
discovered
the
Parliaments
design
,
and
that
they
were
fitting
out
a
formidable
Fleet
to
Sea
,
on
which
were
to
be
embarkt
4000
Soldiers
,
resolved
to
present
a
second
Memorial
to
the
Council
of
State
,
which
was
conceived
in
these
Terms
.
Moreover
,
the
said
Ambassadors
pray
the
Council
of
State
to
be
pleased
to
give
them
a
speedy
Answer
,
such
as
they
in
their
prudence
shall
think
most
proper
,
in
the
present
juncture
,
to
prevent
the
mischievous
consequences
of
some
more
dismal
Accident
.
Neither
will
it
be
unseasonable
,
to
acquaint
the
Council
that
the
Sieur
Newport
sent
from
their
High
and
Mightinesses
to
their
Ambassadors
for
business
concerning
their
Negotiation
,
is
upon
his
departure
to
repass
the
Sea
,
if
the
Council
of
State
will
please
to
grant
him
a
Passport
,
as
we
pray
them
to
do
,
and
that
he
may
have
leave
to
chuse
one
of
the
States
Ships
that
is
now
in
the
Thames
,
or
elsewhere
.
The
Sieur
Newport
having
expedited
his
affairs
,
waited
only
for
a
Passport
to
be
gone
,
but
he
found
great
difficulty
to
obtain
it
,
which
retarded
his
departure
for
several
days
.
He
got
at
last
out
of
London
with
much
ado
,
and
came
to
Gravesend
,
thinking
to
embark
there
.
But
at
that
time
,
the
English
,
by
shewing
fresh
marks
of
their
resentment
,
rekindled
those
flames
which
were
thought
to
be
half
extinguisht
,
and
made
appear
by
their
slighting
the
instances
of
the
Ambassadors
,
and
by
new
acts
of
Hostility
,
that
all
those
troubles
would
soon
degenerate
into
an
open
War
.
The
Channel
was
full
of
their
Privateers
,
who
took
without
any
distinction
all
manner
of
Ships
that
came
in
their
way
,
without
excepting
even
those
that
belonged
to
France
or
Spain
.
All
the
Dutch
Ships
that
were
in
the
Thames
,
were
likewise
stopt
the
13th
of
June
,
and
their
Captains
went
to
Chelsey
,
to
make
their
Complaints
of
it
to
the
Ambassadors
,
who
were
extremely
surprized
at
all
these
new
attempts
,
and
thought
it
thereupon
necessary
to
present
yet
a
Third
Memorial
more
,
which
they
did
the
very
same
day
,
in
these
following
Terms
.
The
Parliament
at
last
answered
them
in
such
a
manner
as
might
well
be
expected
after
what
had
lately
passed
.
The
Parliament
of
the
Commonwealth
of
England
,
reflecting
upon
all
the
proofs
of
benevolence
and
sincere
Friendship
,
they
have
often
given
to
the
States
General
of
the
United
Provinces
,
even
from
the
first
beginning
of
the
troubles
of
this
Kingdom
,
having
omitted
nothing
of
what
might
conduce
to
the
maintaining
a
perfect
Correspondence
between
them
and
it
,
and
render
their
union
much
more
strict
than
ever
before
,
find
themselves
at
present
hainously
offended
by
an
unexpected
attempt
,
which
is
an
act
of
Hostility
committed
upon
the
Coasts
of
England
against
the
Fleet
of
the
Republick
,
after
a
mature
deliberation
,
and
examination
of
the
Writings
which
their
Excellencies
the
Ambassadors
of
the
United
Provinces
have
put
into
our
Hands
,
we
have
thought
fit
to
make
them
the
present
Answer
.
Tho
the
Parliament
were
inclined
out
of
a
principle
of
affection
and
tenderness
,
to
receive
favourably
the
expressions
contained
in
the
abovesaid
writings
,
tending
to
represent
the
late
Fight
between
the
two
Fleets
,
as
a
thing
that
hapened
without
the
knowledge
and
against
the
will
of
their
High
and
Mightinesses
,
yet
upon
due
reflection
made
thereon
,
it
appears
,
That
the
Resolutions
of
the
States
;
and
the
Conduct
of
their
Admirals
do
no
ways
agree
with
all
those
protestations
,
especially
in
a
time
whilst
a
Treaty
of
Alliance
was
managing
,
which
they
themselves
had
sought
for
,
and
which
had
been
Negotiated
by
their
own
Ambassadors
.
Besides
,
what
could
be
the
scope
of
so
formidable
an
Arming
of
150
Ships
of
War
,
made
by
them
without
any
occasion
for
it
,
was
it
not
for
the
design
which
has
now
lately
broken
out
?
Which
is
nothing
else
but
the
effect
of
a
real
jealousie
,
even
by
the
confession
of
the
Ambassadors
themselves
,
at
the
same
time
they
pretend
to
excuse
themselves
of
it
;
and
according
to
the
Tenour
of
the
Commissions
their
High
and
Mightinesses
have
given
to
the
Chief
Commanders
of
their
Naval
Armies
,
there
are
but
too
many
reasons
that
perswade
us
to
believe
,
that
the
States
do
thereby
but
aspire
to
Ravish
from
England
by
force
of
Arms
,
her
ancient
Prerogatives
,
and
the
Rights
she
has
over
the
Seas
;
and
that
further
,
they
aim
at
nothing
else
but
the
destruction
of
our
Fleet
;
which
is
our
Barrier
,
and
our
securest
Rampart
,
and
by
that
means
to
expose
this
Commonwealth
to
an
Invasion
,
as
they
intended
to
do
by
the
late
attempt
.
Upon
which
,
the
Parliament
think
themselves
indispensably
engaged
with
the
assistance
of
Heaven
to
exact
speedy
satisfaction
for
the
outrages
done
to
the
Nation
,
and
to
put
themselves
in
such
a
condition
that
the
like
may
happen
no
more
for
the
future
.
And
yet
they
do
all
this
with
design
however
to
appease
if
possible
the
Troubles
that
have
lately
risen
between
the
two
Nations
,
by
all
ways
of
Humanity
and
moderation
,
if
God
who
by
his
Wisdom
and
Almighty
Power
,
is
able
to
do
all
things
,
shall
please
to
furnish
us
with
more
proper
and
efficacious
means
for
that
end
,
than
have
been
hitherto
employed
.
This
Answer
,
together
with
that
proud
and
haughty
way
the
English
have
with
them
,
begun
to
give
new
alarms
to
Holland
,
and
make
her
fear
the
Consequences
would
be
fatal
.
It
was
a
very
sensible
Vexation
to
the
States
,
to
see
themselves
upon
the
point
of
coming
to
a
Rapture
with
that
New
Republick
,
whose
happy
progresses
in
her
beginnings
had
made
them
conceive
fair
hopes
,
that
she
would
let
her
Allie
Holland
share
with
her
in
the
prosperities
she
enjoyed
by
the
good
Correspondence
and
strict
Friendship
which
was
like
to
Reign
between
them
.
The
Merchants
were
almost
out
of
their
Wits
at
it
,
by
reason
of
the
great
loss
they
daily
suffered
both
of
their
Ships
and
Goods
,
which
unhappily
became
a
Prey
to
the
English
Privateers
.
Which
obliged
the
States
,
before
the
Negotiation
already
begun
was
quite
broken
off
,
to
dispatch
another
Extraordinary
Ambassage
to
London
,
being
willing
to
appease
all
disputes
by
Amicable
ways
,
if
it
were
possible
to
find
out
any
means
to
do
it
,
and
it
being
necessary
for
that
purpose
to
make
choice
of
some
person
of
great
Merit
,
they
cast
their
Eyes
upon
Mr.
Pauw
,
Lord
of
Heemsted
,
Pensioner
of
Holland
,
one
of
the
ablest
Ministers
,
even
by
the
Testimony
of
Foreigners
themselves
,
the
Republick
ever
had
.
He
set
out
from
the
Hague
,
the
25th
.
of
June
,
on
his
way
to
the
Brill
,
and
at
6
a
Clock
at
Night
the
same
day
he
got
on
Board
a
Dutch
Man
of
War
;
the
28th
.
he
arrived
at
Gravesend
,
and
sent
notice
of
his
arrival
to
the
States
Ambassadors
,
and
to
the
Parliament
,
who
were
not
a
little
surprised
at
it
.
The
Ambassadors
came
presently
to
him
,
to
inform
him
of
all
that
had
pass'd
.
The
30th
.
Mr.
Heemsted
was
Conducted
to
London
with
the
Ceremonies
usual
at
the
Entry
of
Ambassadors
.
He
was
received
at
the
Tower
,
by
three
members
of
Parliament
,
and
Conducted
thence
by
them
to
the
House
appointed
for
his
Lodging
attended
by
a
very
fine
Train
of
Coaches
of
many
great
Lords
and
persons
of
Quality
.
He
presently
demanded
Audience
of
the
Parliament
,
which
being
granted
him
the
very
next
day
,
he
there
pronounced
a
discourse
in
Latin
whereof
here
follows
the
Translation
.
Most
Honoured
Lords
,
'T
is
for
this
design
,
that
my
Mrs.
the
States
General
of
the
United
provinces
,
have
been
pleased
to
send
me
in
Quality
of
their
Ambassador
extraordinary
to
the
Parliament
of
the
Common-wealth
of
England
,
tho'
otherwise
they
had
no
reason
to
doubt
either
of
the
Prudence
or
of
the
Capacity
of
the
Ambassadors
they
had
here
already
for
Affairs
of
high
importance
.
I
am
therefore
sent
,
to
assure
the
Commonwealth
of
England
from
them
,
of
the
sincere
and
inviolable
desire
they
have
to
see
its
Government
continue
in
that
Peace
,
Happiness
and
Prosperity
which
at
present
it
enjoys
,
and
to
offer
it
at
the
same
time
,
all
the
services
they
are
capable
of
.
And
I
can
give
you
this
Testimony
of
them
with
the
more
assured
fidelity
,
because
having
always
been
present
in
their
assemblies
,
and
coming
now
but
newly
out
of
them
,
I
have
been
an
Eye
witness
of
the
zeal
and
ardent
passion
they
have
,
to
contribute
all
that
lies
in
their
power
,
that
may
possibly
conduce
to
the
maintaining
a
firm
and
solid
Friendship
between
the
two
States
,
and
to
prevent
all
that
may
shake
it
.
And
therefore
't
was
with
great
Astonishment
,
and
with
a
very
sensible
Regret
they
heard
of
what
has
past
between
the
Admirals
of
the
two
Republicks
;
and
for
fear
that
fatal
Rencounter
altogether
unexpected
should
cause
some
new
mis-understandings
and
raise
new
Jealousies
,
or
that
by
putting
a
stop
to
the
present
Treaty
,
it
might
make
it
impracticable
to
come
to
a
conclusion
of
a
Renovation
of
the
Ancient
Amity
that
has
always
been
between
the
two
Nations
,
the
States
,
my
Mrs.
judg'd
it
necessary
I
should
come
hither
,
because
having
been
always
present
at
all
their
deliberations
by
reason
of
my
Employment
,
I
was
best
able
to
Represent
to
the
Commonwealth
of
England
,
the
naked
truth
,
and
all
the
Circumstances
of
that
Action
,
as
they
have
been
related
to
them
,
in
order
to
the
rasing
out
all
suspicions
that
might
be
capable
to
distemper
or
destroy
the
good
intelligence
and
true
Amity
that
is
between
the
two
Nations
,
and
remove
all
obstacles
that
might
,
hinder
the
conclusion
of
the
Treaty
already
began
.
Moreover
I
protest
and
declare
in
the
presence
of
the
Parliament
of
the
Republick
of
England
by
vertue
of
my
Credential
Letters
;
and
in
the
Name
of
the
States
General
,
my
Mrs.
that
they
never
had
any
thoughts
to
attempt
any
thing
,
or
give
order
,
that
any
thing
should
be
attempted
that
might
give
any
just
cause
of
Umbrage
to
the
Sovereign
power
of
this
Commonwealth
,
to
break
or
weaken
the
Union
and
good
Correspondence
that
has
been
so
long
cultivated
between
the
two
Republicks
,
or
under
what
pretence
soever
,
to
sow
any
discord
between
them
.
But
rather
on
the
contrary
,
I
can
say
,
that
the
States
have
been
moved
by
their
own
inclinations
,
and
by
the
sentiments
of
a
real
Friendship
,
carefully
to
study
out
all
that
might
conduce
to
the
hastning
the
conclusion
of
a
strict
and
inviolable
Alliance
between
the
two
Nations
.
It
's
true
a
very
considerable
Fleet
was
Equip'd
in
Holland
,
but
at
the
same
time
there
's
no
body
but
knows
,
the
States
were
forced
so
to
do
by
the
continual
complaints
of
their
Subjects
,
and
that
they
gave
notice
of
it
to
the
Parliament
.
And
they
published
beforehand
,
that
this
arming
was
for
no
other
end
than
for
the
liberty
and
security
of
Commerce
,
which
was
much
endamag'd
and
interrupted
by
many
very
sensible
Losses
the
Subjects
of
the
United
Provinces
daily
suffered
of
their
Ships
and
Goods
;
and
certainly
,
it
is
but
natural
to
make
use
of
the
means
that
force
and
necessity
put
into
our
hands
,
to
protect
oppresed
innocence
:
But
they
thoughr
of
nothing
less
than
a
fight
,
to
create
new
troubles
between
the
two
Nations
,
and
Revive
the
disputes
that
were
already
terminated
.
But
things
being
so
,
and
there
hapning
by
accident
a
fierce
Battle
between
the
Fleets
of
the
two
Nations
,
the
States
General
have
thought
fit
to
Communicate
to
the
Parliament
of
England
an
exact
and
faithfull
Relation
of
all
that
passed
,
such
as
they
have
received
from
their
Admiral
,
authorized
by
the
Testimony
of
all
the
Captains
and
other
persons
worthy
of
Credit
:
namely
,
that
Admiral
Tromp
came
towards
the
Fleet
of
this
Republick
,
more
by
necessity
than
out
of
any
premeditated
design
,
and
that
after
he
had
paid
his
Civilities
to
Major
Bourn
,
as
he
was
pursuing
his
voyage
,
he
fell
into
the
presence
of
Admiral
Blake
before
he
was
aware
;
that
presently
he
ordered
an
advice
Boat
to
be
made
ready
,
to
send
some
Officers
of
the
Fleet
to
Compliment
him
,
but
that
Blake
answering
him
with
Civilities
of
a
quite
contrary
nature
,
let
flie
all
his
Guns
at
him
,
and
that
then
Tromp
discharg'd
his
,
more
to
defend
himself
,
than
to
offend
the
Aggressor
.
This
was
the
cause
of
an
Engagement
,
in
which
,
the
Capricious
humour
of
Fortune
had
more
share
than
any
design
of
Council
premeditated
,
and
swell'd
up
with
Ambition
,
so
that
it
being
begun
about
a
mistaken
point
of
Honour
,
and
not
continued
by
our
men
out
of
any
principle
of
animosity
,
the
States
General
pray
the
Commonwealth
of
England
,
to
be
perswaded
,
they
had
no
hand
in
that
Action
,
but
to
take
it
for
an
Event
of
pure
chance
,
and
of
the
inconstancy
of
Worldly
affairs
,
and
that
accordingly
they
would
be
pleased
to
recall
their
Orders
and
Commissions
,
and
to
let
all
Acts
of
Hostility
cease
that
now
disturb
Commerce
,
and
the
States
on
their
part
,
are
ready
to
consent
to
the
same
,
and
always
to
employ
all
possible
means
to
facilitate
an
Accommodation
.
They
are
very
sensible
,
that
all
Christendom
is
deeply
concerned
in
so
great
an
affair
as
this
,
and
especially
the
reformed
Churches
of
all
Europe
,
who
all
equally
wish
and
desire
,
that
our
troubles
may
be
stifled
in
their
Birth
,
as
being
perswaded
,
that
discord
arising
between
Neighbouring
States
of
the
same
Religion
,
may
not
only
draw
after
it
the
Ruin
of
that
Commerce
that
makes
them
Flourish
,
but
likewise
awaken
the
drooping
hopes
of
both
their
secret
and
open
Enemies
,
who
would
not
fail
to
take
occasion
thereupon
,
to
foment
some
new
Plots
in
some
Province
or
other
of
this
Commonwealth
which
would
afterwards
break
out
,
and
so
passing
from
one
to
another
,
we
should
see
our
States
become
the
bloody
Theater
of
a
War
.
To
prevent
therefore
and
put
a
stop
to
the
Course
of
so
great
mischiefs
,
I
have
Orders
without
further
delay
,
to
Represent
to
you
,
and
employ
all
my
industry
that
some
assur'd
means
may
be
agreed
upon
on
both
sides
to
accommodate
the
differences
about
what
has
past
,
and
for
the
taking
such
just
Measures
for
the
future
,
that
there
may
never
happen
the
like
accidents
again
between
the
two
Fleets
;
and
that
so
thereby
the
Greatness
and
Glory
of
the
Parliament
of
England
may
be
secured
from
the
danger
of
all
sorts
of
attempts
against
it
.
Since
then
the
States
General
openly
declare
to
the
Parliament
the
ardent
passion
they
have
to
see
the
two
Nations
perfectly
United
together
and
their
differences
entirely
composed
,
and
that
the
propositions
on
both
sides
may
at
last
terminate
in
a
strict
Alliance
,
all
the
favour
I
desire
of
the
Parliament
,
is
that
they
would
please
to
give
order
to
their
Commissioners
,
and
to
the
Council
of
State
,
to
give
me
speeddy
Audience
,
and
to
labour
joyntly
with
me
for
the
Conclusion
of
the
Treaty
,
in
order
to
terminate
the
principal
business
that
is
the
foundation
of
my
Negotiation
,
as
well
as
of
that
of
the
other
Ambassadors
In
extraordinary
,
of
the
States
.
In
the
mean
while
,
I
acknowledge
my self
infinitely
obliged
to
the
Parliament
,
that
they
have
been
pleased
to
grant
a
Ship
to
Mr.
Nieuport
to
repass
the
Sea
,
and
go
into
Holland
;
I
will
add
here
,
that
being
a
Member
of
the
State
,
he
has
had
order
to
remain
with
me
,
to
assist
me
with
his
Council
,
till
my
return
,
which
I
dare
be
confident
,
the
Parliament
will
not
take
ill
;
and
that
they
will
be
pleased
favourably
to
accept
my
most
humble
services
which
I
present
them
.
Mr.
de
Heemsted
going
the
next
day
to
the
Council
of
State
,
Upon
which
considerations
the
States
General
were
so
extremely
surprized
at
the
news
of
what
past
lately
between
the
two
Naval
Armies
,
and
at
the
mutual
jealousie
the
two
Nations
have
conceived
thereupon
,
That
they
thought
it
most
highly
important
,
to
depute
me
extraordinarily
towards
the
Parliament
of
the
Commonwealth
of
England
,
and
towards
this
Venerable
Council
,
to
represent
to
them
the
true
State
of
things
,
so
much
the
rather
,
because
having
the
honour
to
assist
in
two
Assemblies
,
namely
that
of
the
States
General
,
and
of
the
States
of
Holland
and
West-Friesland
,
I
have
a
full
knowledge
of
their
most
secret
and
most
weighty
Affairs
,
and
that
by
consequence
,
I
am
able
to
assure
them
,
that
there
never
was
any
Project
form'd
,
any
Resolution
taken
,
nor
any
Commission
given
directly
or
indirectly
,
to
offend
the
Republick
of
England
,
and
to
give
them
any
just
Cause
of
Jealousie
,
and
much
less
,
to
go
and
attack
their
Fleets
:
But
rather
on
the
contrary
,
it
was
ordered
.
That
wheresoever
our
Men
should
meet
with
those
of
that
Nation
,
they
should
treat
them
as
true
Friends
;
tho
in
the
fatal
rencounter
we
have
newly
mentioned
,
things
hapned
quite
otherwise
,
of
which
I
gave
yesterday
a
Relation
ample
and
particular
enough
to
suffice
at
present
,
because
it
is
not
convenient
to
be
so
often
Renewing
the
Memory
of
past
things
that
ought
to
be
buried
in
eternal
oblivion
,
in
the
mean
while
,
finding
by
the
last
answer
given
to
our
Ambassadors
,
that
you
pretend
satisfaction
for
what
is
past
,
and
assurances
for
the
future
;
and
besides
the
States
,
my
Mrs.
Judging
it
Requisite
first
to
remove
all
preventions
and
mistaken
prejudices
concerning
what
is
past
;
and
that
the
two
Republicks
should
endeavour
to
find
out
means
to
secure
them
against
the
like
accidents
for
the
time
to
come
,
that
the
Treaty
of
Alliance
already
in
good
forwardness
be
without
interruption
,
carried
on
,
that
besides
,
the
surest
means
imaginable
be
provided
to
prevent
all
suspicion
and
distrust
,
and
that
a
standing
order
be
establisht
according
to
which
the
Naval
Armies
on
both
sides
shall
be
obliged
to
Regulate
themselves
,
concerning
which
points
I
have
received
the
necessary
instructions
from
my
Mrs.
I
intreat
you
Gentlemen
,
to
be
pleased
to
name
some
of
your
Illustrious
Body
,
to
treat
with
me
out
of
hand
concerning
the
affairs
in
Question
.
I
must
add
to
all
I
have
just
now
asserted
,
that
the
States
never
had
any
thoughts
to
dispute
with
the
Republick
of
England
,
that
Grandure
and
Sovereign
power
that
distinguishes
it
with
so
much
Glory
from
all
the
other
Republicks
of
Europe
;
Heartily
wishing
besides
,
that
by
the
Union
of
two
such
potent
States
as
England
&
Holland
,
the
two
Republicks
may
contribute
to
the
mutual
preservation
of
one
another
,
be
secured
against
the
Conspiracies
of
their
Enemies
,
and
assure
to
themselves
a
firm
and
lasting
Peace
.
In
the
mean
while
I
pray
you
to
give
order
by
your
Wise
Conduct
as
soon
as
possible
,
that
the
mischief
caused
by
that
unfortunate
Rencounter
,
may
not
be
increased
by
new
Hostilities
committed
against
the
Ships
of
the
States
;
but
rather
that
you
would
straitly
forbid
the
same
,
without
staying
till
the
sore
be
grown
incurable
,
and
till
by
that
,
we
awake
the
drooping
hopes
of
our
Enemies
;
being
perswaded
,
that
we
shall
find
out
effectual
means
to
reconcile
us
,
to
the
shame
and
confusion
of
those
that
are
jealous
of
our
prosperity
and
common
fe●icity
.
I
shall
be
most
sensibly
obliged
to
this
August
assembly
,
if
they
will
please
to
give
me
a
speedy
answer
,
that
so
without
losing
time
,
I
may
fall
to
work
upon
a
business
of
so
great
advantag●
and
importance
,
recommending
my self
in
the
mean
time
with
all
possible
respect
,
to
your
Benevolence
.
That
the
States
had
never
given
any
cause
of
Complaint
to
the
Republick
of
England
,
but
rather
all
the
demonstrations
of
a
true
and
sincere
Amity
;
that
their
intention
could
not
be
doubted
of
,
since
it
was
Notorious
,
that
it
had
been
always
such
in
time
past
,
and
should
be
so
for
the
time
to
come
,
that
if
there
had
hapned
any
thing
that
seemed
contrary
to
that
intention
,
it
ought
not
to
be
imputed
to
the
States
,
as
an
offence
proceeding
from
them
,
nor
any
occasion
taken
upon
that
account
,
to
attempt
any
thing
against
their
Subjects
,
but
that
generously
forgetting
on
both
sides
what
was
past
,
Provision
ought
to
be
made
for
their
mutual
security
,
by
giving
the
necessary
Orders
to
prevent
the
like
accidents
for
the
future
;
unless
the
Parliament
should
think
it
fitter
to
name
Commissioners
on
both
sides
,
to
make
a
through
scrutiny
into
the
Business
in
dispute
,
and
above
all
,
to
enquire
who
was
the
Aggressor
.
That
their
High
and
Mightinesses
in
case
Tromp
should
be
found
to
have
begun
first
,
would
not
only
disown
his
Conduct
,
as
contrary
to
their
Orders
,
but
would
cause
him
to
be
severely
punish'd
,
but
that
if
on
the
contrary
,
Blake
should
be
convinced
of
having
been
the
Aggressor
,
the
Parliament
was
likewise
obliged
to
Chastise
him
;
so
that
by
that
proceeding
it
would
be
known
,
not
only
what
was
the
real
intention
of
their
High
and
Mightinesses
,
but
an
assured
way
would
thereby
be
laid
open
,
to
pacifie
all
troubles
,
after
the
Example
of
several
other
States
and
Republicks
,
who
have
successfully
practised
the
like
Expedients
.
That
their
High
and
Mightinesses
never
had
the
least
thoughts
of
making
any
encroachment
upon
the
Grandure
of
the
British
Nation
,
in
any
way
to
Diminish
it
,
but
that
after
the
late
unhappy
Rencounter
,
they
had
given
new
Orders
,
that
for
the
future
,
at
the
approach
of
any
of
their
Fleets
,
or
Ships
of
War
,
the
same
honours
should
be
rendred
to
the
Parliament
in
the
point
of
the
Flag
,
that
had
been
usually
paid
to
that
Nation
during
the
preceeding
Reigns
,
hoping
by
that
means
,
both
Parties
would
have
reason
to
rest
satisfied
;
that
the
Treaty
of
Alliance
about
which
,
the
States
Ambassadors
had
declared
the
intention
of
their
Mrs.
in
several
Conferences
,
might
be
at
length
continued
and
that
it
would
please
the
Council
likewise
to
declare
their
intention
that
the
differences
being
once
known
,
the
obstacles
that
hindred
an
accommodation
might
be
removed
,
and
a
happy
conclusion
of
an
Eternal
Alliance
and
inviolable
Friendship
might
be
obtained
;
that
an
end
might
be
put
to
all
Acts
of
Hostility
,
and
a
Restitution
be
made
of
all
the
Ships
and
effects
belonging
to
persons
that
were
Innocent
in
the
matter
.
That
for
that
end
,
he
prayed
the
Council
to
be
pleased
to
declare
their
Resolution
concerning
the
points
abovementioned
,
and
principally
concerning
the
continuation
of
the
Treaty
that
was
begun
,
the
Cessation
of
Hostilities
,
and
the
Releasing
of
the
Ships
and
Persons
seized
,
and
so
much
the
rather
because
they
had
not
delayed
a
moment
to
inform
the
Council
of
State
of
the
good
intentions
of
their
High
and
Mightinesses
.
This
Conference
passing
the
24th
.
they
had
a
second
the
next
day
,
which
was
followed
by
a
third
the
27th
.
of
the
same
Month
in
which
Mr.
Heemsted
pressingly
demanded
a
positive
answer
,
adding
to
what
he
had
already
advanced
the
following
propositions
.
viz.
That
the
States
were
still
in
the
same
mind
,
to
live
in
perfect
Union
with
the
Republick
of
England
;
that
upon
that
consideration
,
they
had
promised
their
protection
to
the
English
Company
in
Holland
,
in
case
the
troubles
should
happen
to
increase
,
that
he
on
either
side
that
had
transgressed
his
Commission
in
the
late
fight
near
Dover
,
should
be
obliged
personally
to
answer
for
it
,
that
it
might
be
no
cause
of
a
Rupture
between
the
two
Nations
;
that
in
order
to
pacifie
all
things
,
Commissioners
should
be
appointed
on
both
sides
,
to
make
a
strict
enquiry
into
all
that
had
past
,
and
that
they
who
should
thereupon
be
found
guilty
,
should
according
to
the
Maxim
,
of
all
other
States
,
be
punish'd
,
as
Authors
of
the
Misfortunes
and
Calamities
of
the
people
,
that
the
Ships
of
War
on
both
sides
,
being
ordered
when
they
meet
one
another
at
Sea
,
to
behave
themselves
as
formerly
they
used
to
do
,
there
would
happen
no
more
disputes
for
the
future
about
that
Subject
,
that
when
a
perfect
Union
should
be
once
established
between
the
two
Republicks
,
very
great
advantages
would
undoubtedly
result
from
thence
for
their
mutual
defence
and
preservation
.
On
the
29th
.
the
Council
of
State
having
examined
all
these
Reasons
,
That
he
might
well
enough
see
what
was
the
intention
of
the
Parliament
,
by
the
answer
given
to
the
three
Memorials
of
the
other
Ambassadors
,
before
his
arrival
,
since
nothing
had
been
proposed
since
,
neither
by
him
nor
any
other
,
that
was
capable
to
make
the
Parliament
change
their
Resolution
;
that
if
the
attempt
made
by
the
Holland
Fleet
,
as
much
by
surprize
as
it
was
had
succeeded
according
to
their
hopes
,
it
might
have
been
said
,
that
the
Common-wealth
of
England
would
have
seen
it self
plunged
into
the
greatest
disasters
imaginable
,
and
that
therefore
it
was
not
reasonable
,
after
they
had
been
so
miraculously
preserved
,
they
should
expose
themselves
again
to
the
like
disgraces
for
the
future
.
That
they
could
not
suffer
themselves
to
be
any
longer
amused
under
the
specious
pretence
of
an
Examen
,
or
by
Examples
not
pertinent
to
their
Case
,
of
what
other
States
may
have
done
;
but
that
rather
they
were
resolved
to
employ
those
means
which
necessity
and
the
Nature
of
the
Fact
Require
to
be
used
;
that
besides
,
they
could
not
consent
to
the
Conclusion
of
a
Treaty
of
Alliance
,
till
they
had
received
satisfaction
about
the
point
in
Question
,
and
that
as
to
the
demonstrations
of
a
sincere
and
real
Friendship
from
their
High
and
Mightinesses
,
which
their
Ambassadors
so
much
boasted
of
:
The
English
on
their
side
likewise
had
no
less
reason
to
value
themselves
upon
the
Authentick
proofs
they
have
given
of
the
like
to
the
Hollanders
,
either
in
general
or
particular
;
and
that
in
a
word
,
they
could
not
change
any
thing
in
the
Answer
they
had
already
given
them
.
Mr.
de
Heemsted
having
received
this
Answer
,
demanded
on
the
1st
.
of
July
a
new
Conference
,
in
which
he
Renewed
his
instances
,
by
declaring
,
That
there
never
had
past
any
thing
on
the
States
side
that
was
capable
to
give
any
just
cause
of
jealousie
to
the
English
;
That
they
had
proposed
an
assured
way
,
to
prevent
all
sorts
of
Contestation
,
and
to
discover
the
truth
,
but
that
they
would
not
follow
it
,
and
that
a
Manifest
injustice
was
done
to
his
Mrs.
That
it
was
very
easie
to
Judge
of
that
by
the
refusal
the
States
had
made
to
their
Subjects
,
notwithstanding
the
pressing
solicitations
used
by
them
for
that
purpose
,
to
grant
them
any
Letters
of
Reprisal
;
that
lastly
to
shew
,
they
were
wholly
inclined
to
Peace
,
they
had
promised
their
Protection
to
the
English
Company
at
Rotterdam
;
that
if
the
English
persisted
to
Reject
all
the
favourable
means
to
procure
an
Accommodation
,
it
would
cause
a
great
Consternation
amongst
the
people
of
Holland
;
That
in
fine
,
he
therefore
prayed
the
Council
of
State
,
to
be
pleased
to
propose
some
other
means
themselues
,
and
in
the
mean
while
,
to
forbid
all
Acts
of
Host●l●ty
,
and
to
Release
the
Ships
that
had
been
taken
.
After
this
last
Conference
,
Mr.
de
Heemsted
seeing
they
neglected
to
give
him
an
answer
;
delivered
another
writing
to
the
Councel
of
State
,
by
which
he
Represented
the
Eminent
danger
that
threatned
the
two
Republicks
,
by
the
mischiefs
that
would
undoubtedly
follow
upon
their
Refusal
to
accept
the
means
he
had
proposed
,
adding
,
that
he
desired
them
to
propose
some
other
of
their
own
if
it
were
possible
,
that
might
be
more
effectual
.
The
Parliament
could
no
longer
Recoil
,
1.
That
the
States
General
of
the
Vnited
Provinces
should
be
obl●ged
to
pay
to
the
Republick
of
England
,
a
compensation
towards
the
indemnifying
them
for
the
losses
they
had
sustained
by
the
Arming
of
the
Holland
Fleet
,
and
by
the
attempt
they
had
lately
made
upon
them
,
of
which
the
particularities
should
be
reported
at
large
,
in
time
and
place
.
2.
That
presently
after
the
payment
of
the
said
sum
,
the
Parliament
should
surcease
all
Acts
of
Hostility
against
the
Hollanders
,
and
all
Ships
seized
since
the
last
troubles
,
should
be
released
.
3.
That
these
two
Conditions
being
first
agreed
to
,
and
put
in
Execution
,
they
would
proceed
to
a
Treaty
of
Alliance
which
should
straightly
Vnite
the
two
Republicks
together
,
render
their
interests
common
,
and
their
Friendship
perpetual
,
and
inviolable
,
and
that
for
this
effect
,
the
Parliament
would
be
always
Ready
to
accept
all
just
and
resonable
ways
proposed
to
them
.
The
Ambassador
of
the
States
being
astonish'd
at
such
an
answer
,
demanded
on
the
6th
.
of
July
a
new
Conference
,
wherein
he
Represented
,
That
their
High
and
Mightinesses
had
been
obliged
to
make
an
Extroardinary
armament
,
and
to
be
at
Excessive
Expences
for
the
Reasons
he
had
already
mentioned
;
that
their
Subjects
had
suffered
considerable
damages
by
the
taking
of
a
great
many
Holland
and
French
Ships
;
that
the
States
and
their
Merchant
Subjects
still
felt
the
losses
that
had
been
caused
to
them
,
that
if
they
would
needs
stand
upon
the
point
of
indemnifying
,
they
needed
only
to
compare
the
losses
of
the
one
Nation
with
those
of
the
other
,
to
be
convinced
,
that
the
States
General
had
been
the
greatest
sufferers
,
which
would
be
easy
to
demonstrate
,
provided
the
business
were
not
spun
out
to
too
great
a
length
,
by
an
over
Captious
discussion
;
That
if
the
said
Commissioners
would
on
their
side
make
a
just
and
Reasonable
estimation
,
It
would
then
plainly
appear
,
that
the
true
intention
of
their
High
and
Mightinesses
is
to
terminate
things
by
an
amicable
way
.
As
concerning
the
Treaty
of
Confederacy
,
between
the
two
Republicks
,
and
the
mutual
assistance
they
might
afford
one
another
upon
occasion
,
in
case
their
common
Enemies
should
go
about
to
attempt
upon
their
liberty
,
the
States
other
Ambassadors
had
sufficiently
before
explain'd
the
intentions
of
their
Mrs.
upon
that
Subject
,
being
always
ready
to
pursue
the
said
Treaty
,
if
it
would
be
consented
to
:
That
if
the
said
Commissioners
should
think
fit
to
render
that
Treaty
more
ample
and
Authentick
,
it
would
be
a
very
agreeable
thing
to
him
,
and
that
he
passionately
desired
they
would
please
to
give
him
all
possible
instruction
imaginable
thereupon
.
That
moreover
,
he
thought
it
would
be
highly
important
if
not
very
necessary
,
that
orders
should
be
given
to
the
two
Fleets
not
to
come
near
one
another
,
and
that
they
might
not
come
to
any
new
Engagements
,
as
't
was
to
be
feared
they
otherwise
would
;
And
that
besides
that
,
he
insisted
,
that
they
would
without
delay
release
the
Ships
that
were
seized
,
that
so
their
Spirits
being
once
calmed
,
the
two
Nations
might
be
●indly
disposed
of
themselves
,
and
without
any
Constraint
,
to
the
concluding
of
a
firm
,
solid
,
and
unmoveable
Alliance
,
that
in
fine
,
He
waited
with
the
greatest
impatience
for
a
favourable
answer
to
all
he
had
j●st
then
proposed
,
that
so
being
animated
with
the
hopes
of
a
happy
success
,
he
might
employ
his
industry
with
the
States
to
endeavour
to
find
out
proper
means
to
effect
an
Accommodation
;
that
he
desired
it
the
more
earnestly
,
because
he
was
obliged
to
obey
the
Orders
of
his
Mrs.
The
Council
of
State
,
made
answer
,
that
having
maturely
Examined
the
writing
delivered
by
Mr.
de
Heemsted
Ambassador
Extroardinary
from
the
States
General
of
the
Vnited
Provinces
into
the
hands
of
the
Commissioners
,
and
having
found
nothing
in
it
that
answered
clearly
or
directly
to
the
last
proposition
made
to
his
Excellency
by
the
Parliament
the
Council
demanded
of
him
a
speedy
and
positive
answer
,
at
least
to
the
first
Article
,
which
being
granted
,
they
would
apply
themselves
to
the
fixing
a
moderate
and
Reasonable
sum
,
that
so
after
that
,
they
might
proceed
to
the
Execution
of
the
second
Article
,
by
the
restitution
of
the
Ships
seized
,
and
the
suspension
of
all
acts
of
Hostility
;
And
that
as
for
the
third
Article
,
it
should
be
taken
care
of
afterward
more
at
Leisure
.
The
7th
of
July
,
the
Sieur
de
Heemsted
demanded
another
Conference
in
pursuance
of
the
orders
he
had
received
from
his
Masters
,
adding
,
that
if
the
Republick
of
England
would
not
openly
declare
themselves
,
he
would
demand
his
Audience
of
Leave
,
and
that
with
so
much
the
more
Justice
;
because
instead
of
an
Accommodation
with
which
they
had
flatter'd
themselves
,
the
Parliament
had
given
orders
to
their
Fleet
,
to
destroy
the
Dutch
Herring
Fishery
,
and
to
sink
all
Holland
Ships
,
whilst
to
the
Northward
they
were
watching
for
our
Ships
that
were
returning
from
the
Indies
.
He
represented
therefore
in
that
Conference
,
That
whilst
he
was
busied
in
answering
the
Writing
that
was
delivered
him
by
Mr.
Oliver
Fleming
from
the
Council
of
State
,
he
had
with
much
displeasure
been
informed
,
that
the
English
Fleet
was
put
to
Sea
,
in
order
to
some
enterprize
;
That
he
had
likewise
received
Letters
,
by
which
the
States
his
Masters
had
ordered
him
,
that
since
he
had
used
all
his
endeavours
to
no
purpose
,
to
obtain
a
Cessation
of
acts
of
Hostility
,
he
should
demand
his
Audience
of
Leave
,
in
order
to
return
with
all
diligence
into
Holland
,
to
give
the
States
an
account
of
his
Negotiation
.
And
therefore
in
Obedience
to
the
Orders
of
his
Mrs.
he
damanded
,
he
might
be
permitted
to
take
his
leave
of
the
Council
of
State
,
the
next
day
,
and
might
for
his
Transportation
make
use
of
the
man
of
War
commanded
by
Captain
John
Verbaaf
,
in
which
he
came
into
England
.
That
the
said
Captain
might
be
provided
with
a
Passport
,
that
he
might
not
be
molested
in
his
way
by
the
Parliaments
Ships
:
Adding
,
that
because
the
other
Ambassadours
had
signified
to
him
,
that
they
had
likewise
order
to
retire
,
he
desired
they
might
be
permitted
to
take
their
Audience
of
Leave
at
the
same
time
,
and
to
provide
themselves
with
Ships
necessary
to
transport
their
persons
and
Equipages
.
The
Council
of
State
answered
,
That
they
were
obliged
first
to
make
their
Report
to
the
Parliament
who
were
to
sit
the
next
day
,
or
the
Tuseday
following
after
the
Memorial
was
delivered
from
the
States
Ambassador
Extraordinary
to
the
Commissioners
;
And
that
till
then
they
could
give
no
other
Answer
to
the
said
Ambassador
.
But
that
on
the
8th
of
July
Mr
de
Heemsted
presented
to
the
Council
of
State
,
two
Memorials
:
The
first
of
which
was
conceived
in
these
Terms
.
The
Ambassadour
Extraordinary
of
the
States
,
The
other
Memorial
imported
,
But
they
made
no
Reply
to
this
last
Proposal
,
how
equitable
soever
it
appeared
,
as
being
jealous
that
under
that
Covert
some
Dangerous
Intelligence
might
be
carried
on
against
them
in
favour
of
the
pretensions
of
the
Family
of
the
Stuarts
.
The
three
other
Ambassadors
presented
likewise
to
the
Council
of
State
the
following
Memorial
,
on
the
8th
of
July
.
That
since
the
Ambassadours
of
the
States
General
had
Orders
by
the
last
Letters
they
received
,
to
Retire
without
delay
,
to
go
and
give
an
account
of
their
Negotiation
to
the
States
their
Masters
,
they
therefore
prayed
the
Council
,
they
might
be
permitted
to
take
their
Audience
of
Leave
of
that
August
Assembly
,
and
that
accordingly
Ships
necessary
for
their
Transportation
and
that
of
their
respective
Equipages
,
together
with
Passports
for
their
security
might
be
granted
them
;
adding
,
that
there
were
some
Ships
of
their
Nation
ready
for
that
purpose
,
as
Captain
de
Boet
,
and
three
other
Ships
of
Dort
.
The
Republick
of
England
fortifying
every
day
more
and
more
their
Authority
,
began
to
render
themselves
insupportable
,
by
their
excessive
Pride
and
Haughtiness
.
For
Sweden
and
Denmark
,
several
Princes
of
Italy
,
the
Hanse-Towns
of
Germany
and
other
Free
Cities
of
Europe
were
forced
to
acknowledge
their
up-start
Government
.
And
they
troubled
themselves
not
much
about
the
States
Ambassadors
,
as
the
scornful
disdain
they
shewed
of
all
their
Remonstrances
was
a
visible
proof
,
so
that
no
body
was
surprized
at
all
to
see
with
what
facility
they
granted
them
their
Audience
of
Leave
.
They
consented
that
two
of
their
Men
of
War
should
Convoy
them
,
and
two
other
Ships
Transport
their
Equipages
.
And
so
the
next
day
the
fear
Ambassadors
were
conducted
to
their
Audience
,
and
Mr.
de
Heemsted
made
the
following
Discourse
,
in
the
name
of
them
all
.
The
States
General
of
the
United
Provinces
have
sent
their
Ambassadors
Extraordinary
to
the
Parliament
of
the
Republick
of
England
,
In
fine
,
it
pleased
their
High
and
Mightinesses
some
days
after
,
to
make
yet
another
Extraordinary
Deputation
,
and
to
make
choice
of
me
for
that
,
with
Express
Order
to
come
and
give
the
Republick
of
England
,
new
,
more
particular
and
stronger
Assurances
of
a
faithfull
and
sincere
Amity
,
in
order
to
dispel
all
Umbrages
and
all
Subjects
of
misunderstanding
,
and
to
prevent
all
Obstacles
that
might
hinder
the
Execution
of
so
laudable
a
Design
.
For
that
effect
,
it
was
proposed
.
That
an
enquiry
should
be
made
by
some
judicious
persons
on
both
sides
,
into
the
Action
that
lately
passed
between
the
two
Fleets
,
and
which
happened
not
by
any
premeditated
design
,
but
by
pure
accident
,
that
so
according
to
their
Verdict
,
satisfaction
might
be
given
to
the
Party
offended
.
For
we
Protest
before
God
,
and
before
Men
,
and
in
presence
of
the
Parliament
of
the
Republick
of
England
,
That
the
States
our
Masters
never
had
it
in
their
thoughts
,
to
offend
this
Republick
,
and
much
less
to
commit
any
act
of
Hostility
against
it
.
But
that
they
were
more
disposed
by
a
sence
of
a
true
and
sincere
affection
,
to
contribute
to
the
maintaining
a
stable
and
good
understanding
and
inviolable
Peace
between
them
.
But
since
unfortunately
in
spite
of
the
steps
that
have
been
made
,
and
the
pains
taken
,
to
pacifie
all
these
Troubles
,
the
two
Ambassages
have
proved
ineffectual
,
and
frustrated
of
the
hopes
they
had
with
so
much
justice
conceived
,
and
that
,
by
new
Disputes
that
have
arisen
and
caused
great
losses
;
and
that
besides
,
the
States
are
threatned
with
new
Hostilities
from
the
Parliaments
Fleet
,
without
having
had
the
least
notice
given
them
of
it
:
The
Ambassadors
thought
themselves
obliged
in
prudence
to
prevent
the
Storm
,
and
to
retire
into
their
own
Country
,
as
well
to
go
and
give
an
account
of
their
Negotiations
,
as
to
take
new
Instructions
from
the
States
their
Masters
.
For
this
end
,
we
present
our selves
all
together
before
this
August
Assembly
to
give
them
notice
,
That
we
have
received
order
to
retire
,
and
are
upon
the
point
of
our
departure
.
We
have
already
represented
to
the
Council
of
State
what
things
are
necessary
for
our
departure
,
with
Respect
to
the
Juncture
of
time
and
our
Character
,
and
we
wait
their
Answer
.
In
the
mean
while
,
it
is
not
only
our
Duty
but
a
point
of
Justice
to
intreat
you
,
that
all
our
Ships
that
have
been
brought
into
the
Ports
of
England
,
or
been
stopt
there
before
the
publication
of
any
Declaration
of
War
,
without
any
offence
given
by
any
of
the
Masters
of
the
said
Ships
,
may
at
last
be
released
with
all
their
Men
,
that
they
may
pursue
their
intended
Voyages
,
without
being
molested
in
any
manner
whatsoever
;
and
that
all
be
done
according
to
our
ancient
Friendship
,
and
the
Law
of
Nations
practised
among
Christians
.
We
hope
the
Justice
of
the
Soveraign
Republick
of
England
will
not
refuse
us
a
demand
so
equitable
as
this
.
Moreover
,
we
Implore
the
Protection
of
Heaven
,
and
beseech
God
,
the
Author
of
Peace
,
that
he
will
please
of
his
Goodness
to
inspire
the
Parliament
of
this
Republick
with
such
Sentiments
as
may
induce
them
to
a
Speedy
Reconciliation
with
the
States
of
the
United
Provinces
,
for
the
maintenance
of
the
Reformation
whose
firmest
support
,
and
most
solid
foundation
has
always
been
Peace
,
in
the
Bosom
of
which
it
Flourishes
,
and
quietly
enjoys
Prosperity
,
and
which
,
on
the
contrary
,
if
our
Troubles
should
continue
any
longer
,
would
see
it self
brought
to
an
inevitable
Destruction
,
and
plunged
into
the
greatest
Miseries
.
We
still
pray
God
to
be
pleased
to
avert
the
Course
of
the
Mischiefs
and
Calamities
that
accompany
War
;
and
to
pour
forth
his
precious
Blessings
upon
the
two
Republicks
.
And
as
we
are
ordered
to
retire
forthwith
into
Holland
,
we
shall
accordingly
take
leave
of
this
Illustrious
Assembly
,
with
all
imaginable
thanks
for
the
kindnesses
we
have
received
from
them
,
in
full
confidence
,
that
they
will
not
refuse
us
the
things
we
have
already
demanded
of
them
,
and
which
are
every
where
granted
to
Ambassadors
,
in
regard
to
their
Character
,
for
the
security
of
their
Persons
.
Lastly
,
we
recommend
to
you
the
Dutch
Merchants
residing
at
London
,
or
elsewhere
within
this
Kingdom
,
that
their
Goods
and
Persons
may
be
taken
into
the
Protection
of
the
Parliament
.
These
were
the
steps
made
by
the
States
Geneneral
of
the
United
Provinces
,
to
prevent
a
Rupture
with
England
,
by
which
,
all
the
world
may
judge
,
how
great
the
Power
of
that
new
hatcht
State
was
,
tho
scarcely
yet
fledg'd
,
to
make
them
so
Courted
by
a
Nation
that
at
that
juncture
,
more
fear'd
than
lov'd
them
,
and
how
great
and
presumptuous
their
pride
was
too
,
in
refusing
such
fair
offers
and
venturing
to
engage
in
a
War
with
so
potent
an
Enemy
,
as
the
States
of
Holland
,
when
their
own
settlement
at
home
was
so
unsecure
.
But
the
flames
were
blown
up
on
both
sides
,
by
the
secret
friends
of
the
Stuarts
,
and
by
the
Emissaries
of
those
Nations
that
envied
to
both
people
,
both
their
Religion
,
and
above
all
,
their
formidable
Power
at
Sea
,
and
their
flourishing
and
universally
extended
Commerce
;
by
some
of
whom
,
out
of
the
same
malicious
principles
,
the
same
fire
,
that
was
but
rak't
up
for
a
while
,
in
Embers
,
was
rekindled
,
and
set
a
burning
with
a
more
pernicious
violence
than
ever
,
to
the
manifest
increase
of
a
Third
Power
,
that
tho
before
,
it
durst
scarce
peep
out
at
Sea
,
has
since
appeared
a
formidable
Enemy
even
upon
their
own
Element
,
to
those
Redoubted
Masters
of
the
Ocean
,
and
has
had
the
insolence
for
a
while
by
its
dextrous
managing
of
intestine
Factions
among
us
,
to
Brave
both
our
Fleets
,
till
like
Capaneus
defying
Jove
,
its
Marine
Forces
were
at
length
by
the
magnanimous
Russel
and
his
Valiant
Copartners
,
the
Dutch
Admirals
,
Thunder-struck
,
and
in
a
manner
quite
driven
off
the
usurped
Main
,
daring
never
since
to
appear
on
it
otherwise
than
only
as
Rovers
,
and
sculking
Pirates
.
On
the
11th
of
July
,
that
is
to
say
,
four
days
after
the
English
Fleet
set
sail
for
the
North
Sea
,
to
go
and
destroy
the
Dutch
Fleet
of
Herring
Busses
,
and
to
watch
for
their
Ships
coming
back
from
the
Indies
,
the
Ambassadors
departed
London
,
de
Heemsted
gave
a
Memorial
containing
an
account
of
the
Forces
of
England
;
he
likewise
informed
him
,
that
Admiral
Ayschew
,
who
but
a
little
before
had
given
chase
to
a
Merchant
Fleet
of
about
30
or
40
sail
between
Callis
and
Swartenes
,
homeward
bound
from
St.
Hubes
,
and
Portugal
,
was
then
in
the
Downs
,
with
a
Squadron
of
21
Men
of
War
,
where
he
might
be
easily
attackt
and
Beaten
.
Tromp
having
received
Express
Orders
from
the
States
,
who
found
themselves
obliged
to
make
use
of
Reprizals
,
not
to
spair
the
English
any
longer
,
but
to
do
them
all
the
mischief
he
could
,
resolved
to
go
and
attack
Ayschew
.
Vice
Admiral
Evertsz
,
had
the
Command
of
the
Van
,
with
a
Squadron
of
21
Ships
of
War
;
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
Commanded
the
main
Body
of
the
Fleet
,
consisting
of
30
Ships
;
and
Rear
Admiral
Florisz
,
the
Rear
,
composed
of
28
Men
of
War
.
But
there
happening
a
Calm
,
and
after
that
a
contrary
Wind
,
it
was
impossible
for
them
to
execute
that
project
.
Tromp
therefore
steer'd
his
Course
towards
the
North
,
in
search
of
Blake
.
Ayschew
kept
close
in
the
Downs
,
whilst
Blake
with
a
Fleet
of
between
66
and
68
Sail
,
having
discovered
before
Boeknes
,
the
Herring-Fleet
,
under
the
Convoy
of
12
Ships
or
Frigats
carrying
from
22
to
30
Guns
,
caused
them
to
be
attackt
by
a
Squadron
of
20
men
of
War
that
composed
his
Vanguard
:
The
Fight
was
sharp
,
and
lasted
above
three
whole
hours
,
till
at
last
the
weaker
was
forced
to
give
way
to
the
stronger
.
Captain
Venhuysen
,
and
all
the
Herring
Busses
excepting
four
fled
away
;
Ten
of
them
were
taken
,
whereof
two
sunk
,
after
they
had
made
all
the
resistance
imaginable
,
and
another
was
at
last
quitted
by
the
Enemy
.
Blake
joyned
five
of
them
to
his
Fleet
,
and
sent
three
of
them
to
Inverness
,
with
his
wounded
Men
;
but
those
of
the
Dutch
were
conducted
to
the
Texel
.
The
States
to
Varnish
over
their
Arms
with
all
the
Colour
of
Justice
they
could
,
publisht
a
Manifesto
,
setting
forth
the
Reasons
why
they
had
declared
War
against
the
English
;
and
they
did
the
same
on
their
side
against
the
Hollanders
.
We
shall
repeat
neither
of
them
here
,
because
they
are
to
be
found
in
several
places
,
and
that
't
is
easie
to
guess
by
what
has
been
said
,
what
were
the
contents
of
them
:
And
because
our
design
is
,
to
insist
only
upon
relating
the
Bloody
Battels
that
were
fought
between
these
two
potent
Republicks
,
and
in
which
the
Hero's
of
this
History
,
the
two
Tromps
,
Father
and
Son
,
had
the
most
share
.
The
English
had
already
seized
upon
the
Isle
of
Inseith
,
where
the
Hollanders
used
to
water
,
and
these
,
latter
advancing
towards
the
Coasts
of
Scotland
,
arrived
near
Fulo
and
Fairhill
,
where
they
espied
Blake
,
who
was
watching
for
our
Ships
coming
back
from
the
Indies
.
The
two
Fleets
were
disposing
themselves
for
a
Fight
,
when
in
the
night
between
the
5th
and
6th
of
August
,
the
Skie
grew
dark
by
little
and
little
,
and
soon
after
there
appeared
certain
presages
of
a
violent
Tempest
:
N.
N.
West
,
and
blew
with
so
much
impetuosity
,
that
our
Sails
were
all
rent
and
torn
in
pieces
,
and
the
Waves
rowl'd
through
them
,
and
so
went
and
spent
themselves
against
the
Rocks
of
Hitland
,
throwing
their
Fome
up
to
the
very
Heaven
.
Thus
the
Fleet
being
as
't
were
buried
by
the
violence
of
the
Sea
,
in
most
horrible
Abysses
,
rose
out
of
them
only
to
be
tost
up
to
the
very
Clouds
.
Here
the
Masts
were
beaten
down
into
the
Sea
,
there
the
Deck
was
over-flown
by
the
prevailing
Waves
:
Here
the
Tempest
was
so
much
Mistress
of
the
Ships
,
that
they
could
be
no
longer
governed
,
and
on
another
side
,
appeared
all
the
doleful
fore-runners
of
a
dismal
Wrack
.
And
the
Darkness
increasing
the
danger
,
and
the
confused
cries
of
the
Mariners
redoubling
the
common
fear
,
both
together
made
the
saddest
and
most
frightful
spectacle
,
that
was
ever
seen
.
When
the
day
was
come
,
the
disorder
was
clearly
discovered
:
Two
Ships
were
found
ramed
in
between
two
Rocks
,
and
the
Shattered
Relicks
of
three
Fireships
,
that
were
separated
from
the
Fleet
by
the
violence
of
the
Waves
,
left
no
manner
of
Room
to
doubt
of
their
being
lost
.
But
Providence
that
presides
over
all
Events
sweetned
these
Evils
to
our
men
,
by
the
happy
arrival
of
three
Indian
Ships
,
and
of
several
others
that
were
coming
from
the
Islands
call'd
,
the
Antilles
,
who
unexpectedly
fell
into
our
Fleet
,
whereof
some
put
into
Schalloway
,
others
made
to
the
South-West
of
Hitland
,
some
others
to
the
West
,
and
the
rest
to
the
North
of
the
same
Island
.
In
the
mean
while
Tromp
went
before
,
sailing
towards
,
the
Meuse
,
with
a
Fleet
of
39
sail
,
and
one
of
the
Ships
come
from
the
Indies
;
And
in
the
Latitude
of
Scotland
,
he
discovered
Blake
with
62
Great
Ships
much
less
damaged
then
his
own
,
because
that
by
a
great
happiness
for
him
,
the
Tempest
having
driven
him
to
the
Northward
of
Hitland
,
he
found
on
that
side
,
more
Shelter
,
as
soon
as
Tromp
espied
him
,
he
disposed
himself
to
stay
for
his
coming
up
to
him
,
with
intention
to
present
him
battle
.
But
Blake
either
being
loath
to
lose
the
Weather-Gage
,
or
for
some
other
Reasons
unknown
,
would
not
accept
it
.
Soon
after
,
observing
that
Tromp
was
sheer'd
off
into
the
main
Sea
,
in
order
to
pursue
his
first
intended
course
,
he
likewise
fell
down
towards
the
Meuse
,
having
done
nothing
with
his
so
potent
Fleet
,
but
scattered
the
Herring
Fishers
,
destroyed
their
Convoy
,
and
taken
two
Zealand
Ships
that
were
cruizing
in
those
Seas
,
and
which
fell
by
chance
into
his
Fleet
,
but
who
had
first
destroyed
him
two
of
his
Frigats
.
The
rest
of
the
Holland
Fleet
after
they
had
spent
some
weeks
in
refitting
,
entred
happily
into
the
Vlie
and
the
Texel
at
the
beginning
of
September
.
Whilst
Tromp
was
out
at
Sea
,
the
States
General
resolved
to
set
out
another
Fleet
,
besides
,
both
to
secure
their
Merchant
Ships
,
render
Navigation
more
Free
,
and
put
themselves
into
a
Condition
the
more
powerfully
to
oppose
the
English
.
This
Resolution
taken
,
they
were
next
to
seek
for
a
Man
Recommendable
for
his
fidelity
and
Experience
to
vest
with
the
Command
of
it
.
The
States
of
Zealand
cast
their
Eyes
upon
Michael
Adrian
de
Ruiter
,
De
Ruiter
Refuses
to
to
go
Sea
,
but
at
length
Consents
.
well
known
by
his
great
Reputation
,
but
he
having
no
inclination
to
go
any
more
to
Sea
,
had
resolved
to
pass
the
rest
of
his
days
in
Peace
and
Repose
.
Some
members
of
the
State
having
represented
to
him
,
that
his
Country
then
stood
in
pressing
need
of
his
Service
,
he
answered
them
,
that
his
intention
was
to
live
in
Tranquility
,
and
to
meddle
no
more
with
any
Sea
affairs
.
But
they
pressed
it
to
him
again
,
telling
him
,
that
such
a
man
as
he
,
that
had
given
so
many
Signal
proofs
of
his
Bravery
,
and
of
his
Zeal
for
his
Country
,
ought
not
now
to
refuse
at
a
dead
lift
,
to
give
it
the
last
marks
of
his
stedfast
affection
that
were
desired
of
him
,
especially
since
,
he
would
be
only
obliged
to
go
as
't
were
a
roving
.
So
that
at
last
he
let
himself
be
perswaded
,
and
went
on
Board
the
Ship
called
the
Neptune
,
carrying
28
Guns
,
and
134
Men.
But
the
Fleet
that
was
to
assemble
at
Wielingen
,
was
forced
to
stay
some
time
for
several
Men
of
War
which
were
at
the
Texel
,
and
other
Ports
.
De
Ruiter
being
embark'd
on
board
the
Neptune
,
put
to
Sea
,
and
arrived
on
the
10th
.
of
August
at
the
Fleet
which
was
then
but
15
sail
of
Men
of
War
,
and
2
Fire-ships
.
Some
days
after
having
received
a
Reinforcement
of
7
men
of
War
and
2
Fire-ships
,
he
set
sail
towards
the
Strait
of
Callis
,
according
to
the
Order
he
had
received
from
the
States
for
that
effect
.
His
Commission
was
,
to
Convoy
along
the
Channel
the
Merchant
Fleet
that
was
then
in
the
Texel
,
ready
to
set
sail
to
the
West-ward
,
and
afterwards
to
Cruize
about
the
Channel
to
pick
up
the
Ships
that
were
coming
from
divers
parts
of
Europe
,
and
Conduct
them
into
Holland
.
For
that
purpose
Order
was
likewise
given
to
the
Merchant
Fleet
in
the
Texel
,
to
speed
away
to
Wielingen
,
to
endeavour
to
joyn
the
Fleet
of
Men
of
War
,
or
at
least
to
go
and
seek
them
out
towards
the
Strait
of
Callis
,
or
in
the
Channel
.
In
the
mean
while
De
Ruiter
received
advice
by
two
Boats
laden
with
Dutch
Prisoners
that
had
been
taken
on
board
some
Ships
that
were
stopt
before
the
Rupture
,
but
were
discharged
by
the
Parliament
,
that
passing
by
near
the
English
Fleet
between
the
Isles
of
Wight
and
Portland
,
they
found
it
46
sail
strong
,
of
which
about
12
were
of
a
prodigious
bigness
.
De
Ruiter
,
writ
word
of
it
to
the
Admiralty
of
Zealand
complaining
of
the
piteous
condition
in
which
he
found
the
Ships
of
his
Fleet
,
and
Representing
to
their
High
and
Mightinesses
,
that
he
needed
greater
Forces
,
to
form
any
enterprize
,
and
to
attack
the
Enemy
pursuant
to
the
Orders
he
had
received
.
He
kept
himself
sometimes
below
Swarteness
,
and
afterwards
Cruizing
along
the
Channel
,
he
advanc'd
as
far
as
the
Cingles
.
During
all
which
time
,
he
sent
out
from
day
to
day
,
several
light
Frigats
to
inform
themselves
of
the
Countenance
of
the
English
,
and
to
look
out
for
the
Texel
Fleet.
On
the
21st
.
of
August
,
8
Men
of
War
,
and
50
Merchant
Ships
,
under
the
Command
of
Gideon
Verburg
joyned
De
Ruiter
West-ward
of
Graveling
;
the
same
day
he
writ
another
very
pressing
Letter
to
the
States
,
in
which
he
desired
them
to
send
him
some
Ships
of
bigger
Force
,
and
better
appointed
for
War
,
because
those
he
had
were
very
ill
Equip'd
,
being
not
furnish'd
with
half
their
Compliment
of
Guns
and
Men
,
especially
those
of
the
Province
of
Friesland
.
The
following
days
he
passed
the
Strait
of
Callis
with
the
Merchant
Fleet
,
and
pursuing
his
way
along
the
Channel
,
he
advanced
as
far
as
the
Latitude
of
Plymouth
;
but
being
near
the
Coast
of
France
,
on
the
26th
.
of
August
,
about
2
a
Clock
in
the
afternoon
,
the
Wind
at
North-East
,
he
perceived
a
Fleet
of
45
sail
to
the
Northward
of
that
of
Holland
.
De
Ruiter
imagining
presently
thereupon
,
that
it
was
the
English
Fleet
Commanded
by
Admiral
George
Ayschew
,
watching
for
the
Dutch
Merchant
Ships
,
tackt
about
,
and
stood
directly
towards
Admiral
Ayschew
,
the
English
Fleet
was
composed
of
40
Men
of
War
,
whereof
12
as
we
have
said
,
were
of
an
Extraordinary
bulk
.
For
there
were
two
of
them
of
60
Guns
each
,
and
8
from
36
to
40
,
and
besides
them
5
Fireships
.
De
Ruiter's
Forces
consisted
of
30
small
Ships
of
War
,
and
6
Fire-ships
.
The
greatest
of
those
Ships
had
not
on
board
above
30
Guns
,
excepting
2
of
them
,
namly
the
Peace
,
and
the
Ostritch
that
carried
each
of
them
40
,
and
that
were
Equiped
by
the
care
of
the
Indian
Chamber
of
Amsterdam
,
for
the
Service
of
the
State
;
and
the
others
had
not
half
their
Compliment
of
Men
;
besides
which
disadvantage
,
de
Ruiter
was
hampered
with
a
Merchant
Fleet
of
60
sail
,
who
were
the
principal
mark
at
which
the
English
levelled
their
designs
.
Some
days
before
,
de
Ruiter
had
put
all
things
in
order
,
and
divided
his
Fleet
into
3
Squadrons
,
the
first
of
which
he
himself
Commanded
,
the
second
was
under
the
Conduct
of
Vanden
Brock
,
in
quality
of
Vice-Admiral
;
and
the
third
was
under
that
of
Verbaas
in
quality
of
Rear-Admiral
.
To
each
Squadron
,
he
had
joyned
2
Fire-Ships
,
ordering
them
to
keep
themselves
in
readiness
upon
the
approach
of
the
Enemies
,
to
go
and
set
fire
to
the
biggest
of
their
Ships
.
And
for
the
Merchant
Ships
,
be
placed
them
along
the
Fleet
in
such
a
manner
as
they
might
be
most
secure
.
About
4
a
Clock
in
the
afternoon
they
began
to
Fight
.
De
Ruiter
Engages
Admiral
Ayschew
.
De
Ruite●
was
in
the
main
Body
,
Vice-Admiral
Vanden
Broek
in
the
right
Wing
,
and
Rear-Admiral
Ve●baa●
in
the
left
.
The
Fight
was
fierce
,
and
bloody
.
De
Ruiter
Fought
twice
through
the
English
Fleet
,
and
if
he
could
but
have
gain'd
the
Weather-gage
of
which
the
Enemies
had
the
advantage
,
't
is
to
be
presumed
,
he
would
have
entirely
defeated
them
,
especially
,
if
the
Dutch
Fire-Ships
that
had
the
Wind
against
them
,
could
have
come
up
with
them
.
He
found
him self
Engaged
for
some
time
with
but
6
or
7
of
his
Squadron
,
between
the
English
Admiral
and
Vice-Admiral
.
The
Rear-Admiral
Verbaaf
with
the
rest
of
the
Fleet
found
themselves
to
the
leeward
,
and
some
of
his
Ships
perform'd
their
duty
very
ill
,
whilst
the
rest
coming
to
Grapple
with
the
Enemy
,
Fought
in
every
respect
with
a
Bravery
that
has
few
Examples
.
The
Night
parted
the
Combatants
,
when
the
English
making
their
way
into
the
main
Sea
,
escaped
to
the
Northward
.
It
was
impossible
for
de
Ruiter
to
follow
them
,
because
many
of
his
Ships
were
much
endamaged
,
and
that
he
had
a
Merchant
Fleet
besides
to
guard
,
whose
Ships
were
scattered
about
here
and
there
.
The
Event
of
that
Fight
extremely
surprised
de
Ruiter
,
considering
the
inequality
of
his
Forces
to
those
of
the
Enemy
;
which
made
him
crie
out
,
That
when
the
Arm
of
Almighty
God
was
pleased
to
favour
the
Arms
of
the
weaker
side
,
by
inspiring
them
with
more
than
ordinary
courage
,
the
Victory
was
always
on
their
side
.
And
this
work
,
added
he
,
was
carried
on
by
God
himself
,
for
reasons
that
are
hidden
from
us
.
The
Hollanders
loss
,
according
to
their
own
report
,
was
so
very
small
,
that
't
is
hardly
to
be
believed
,
they
having
lost
none
of
their
Ships
,
and
having
had
but
50
or
60
men
kill'd
,
and
about
as
many
wounded
;
whereas
on
the
English
side
,
it
is
pretended
according
to
the
most
faithfull
account
,
there
were
above
a
1000
kill'd
or
wounded
,
and
two
or
three
of
their
Ships
lost
.
The
Memory
of
the
remarkable
Action
done
on
this
occasion
,
Douve
Aukes
a
Native
of
Friesland
,
Captain
on
board
the
Ostritch
belonging
to
the
East-India
Company
,
is
worthy
to
be
transmitted
to
all
future
Ages
:
For
that
brave
man
,
finding
himself
encompass'd
by
the
Enemies
,
and
having
fought
till
his
Sea
men
dispairing
to
save
themselves
,
would
needs
have
forced
him
to
yield
up
the
Ship
,
taking
up
a
stick
with
a
lighted
Match
at
the
end
,
made
offer
to
set
fire
to
the
Powder
,
crying
out
as
loud
as
he
could
possibly
strain
his
Voice
,
Take
courage
,
my
Boys
?
take
courage
,
I
will
sh●w
you
the
way
,
and
when
you
are
able
no
longer
to
resist
the
Enemy
,
I
will
deliver
you
from
prison
,
with
the
stick
I
hold
in
my
hand
;
And
he
swore
to
them
at
the
same
time
,
that
he
would
in
earnest
set
fire
to
the
Powder
,
if
he
heard
them
speak
any
more
of
yielding
.
Which
undauntedness
of
their
Captain
,
or
rather
the
panick
fear
of
an
assured
death
,
put
such
fresh
courage
and
vigour
into
those
cowardly
wretches
,
that
they
promised
him
from
that
moment
,
an
inviolable
obedience
,
adding
,
that
they
would
fight
to
the
last
drop
of
their
blood
,
and
thereupon
every
one
of
them
returning
to
his
former
post
,
and
the
brave
Douve
giving
the
Signal
,
he
with
but
24
Guns
,
attackt
an
English
Ship
of
40
,
and
letting
her
come
up
just
close
to
his
side
,
he
fought
her
so
to
purpose
,
that
he
sunk
her
with
all
her
men
;
another
Frigat
of
50
Guns
coming
up
likewise
to
him
,
was
also
sunk
,
and
after
that
again
,
a
third
coming
to
assault
him
,
was
so
belaboured
,
that
she
had
much
ado
to
hold
up
above
water
long
enough
to
save
her self
in
the
first
English
port
she
could
reach
.
It
is
reckoned
,
there
were
in
the
two
first
Ships
that
perish'd
above
800
persons
,
very
few
of
which
were
saved
.
After
the
Battle
,
de
Ruiter
spent
all
the
night
in
repairing
the
damages
,
the
Ships
of
his
Fleet
had
suffered
;
and
that
the
Merchant
Ships
that
were
dispersed
from
him
during
the
Fight
might
be
able
the
better
to
rejoyn
him
,
he
put
up
lights
in
four
different
places
on
Board
his
Ship
.
The
next
morning
at
break
of
day
;
the
Hollanders
having
discovered
the
English
Fleet
at
about
2
miles
distance
from
them
,
de
Ruiter
Summoned
all
the
Captains
on
Board
him
,
to
a
Consultation
,
in
which
't
was
resolved
,
to
pursue
the
Enemies
till
Noon
,
with
design
,
in
case
they
stopt
not
,
to
send
back
the
Merchant
Ships
into
their
own
Country
.
They
tackt
then
about
to
stand
towards
the
English
,
which
was
continued
till
after
Noon
,
to
endeavour
to
draw
them
to
a
Battle
,
but
not
being
able
to
bring
them
to
it
,
towards
the
Evening
the
Merchant
Ships
were
sent
away
under
the
Convoy
of
two
Men
of
War
,
the
rather
because
they
were
assured
,
there
were
no
more
Enemies
to
be
met
with
to
the
Westward
.
The
day
following
de
Ruiter
calling
together
all
the
Officers
of
the
Fleet
,
told
them
,
De
Ruiter
proposes
to
go
and
attack
the
English
in
their
own
Harbours
.
it
was
certain
,
that
Admiral
Ayschew
was
retired
with
his
Fleet
to
Plymouth
,
after
the
Fight
,
to
repair
his
damages
there
;
and
that
for
his
part
,
he
was
of
the
mind
,
that
't
were
best
to
go
and
attack
him
there
,
whilst
he
dreamt
of
nothing
less
than
that
,
and
whilst
most
of
the
Captains
of
his
Fleet
might
be
perhaps
a
shore
to
refresh
themselves
;
that
he
flattered
himself
by
the
Divine
protection
,
to
be
able
totally
to
destroy
them
,
before
they
should
be
in
a
condition
to
come
themselves
and
attack
him
with
fresh
Forces
;
that
the
last
Fight
sufficiently
shewed
their
small
courage
,
and
their
weakness
,
and
that
therefore
it
was
easy
to
Judge
from
thence
,
that
if
they
were
attackt
now
whilst
they
were
still
in
that
disorder
and
consternation
,
they
might
be
entirely
defeated
without
any
great
trouble
;
that
they
had
Triumphed
over
them
even
whilst
they
had
yet
a
Merchant
Fleet
of
60
sail
to
guard
,
tho'
they
were
much
superiour
to
them
in
strength
,
an●
had
the
Weather-gage
,
not
to
mention
the
Cowardice
of
several
Holland
Captains
that
were
wanting
in
their
duty
;
That
those
who
were
in
the
Number
of
these
last
would
meet
with
a
fine
occasion
to
repair
their
lost
honour
;
that
their
Country
and
the
Victors
would
thereby
acquire
immortal
Glory
,
which
would
be
so
much
the
brighter
,
and
carry
the
greater
sound
,
because
they
would
have
defeated
the
Enemy
upon
their
own
Coasts
;
that
such
a
loss
as
that
would
be
very
sensible
to
them
:
That
the
Justice
of
the
cause
for
which
the
States
had
armed
out
that
Fleet
to
Sea
,
and
the
Bravery
of
those
who
Commanded
it
,
gave
him
already
very
hopefull
presages
of
a
Victory
,
and
that
in
fine
the
Enemies
would
have
the
shame
to
see
the
shattered
relicks
of
their
last
Engagement
totally
ruin'd
and
destroyed
in
their
own
Harbours
.
All
the
Officers
applauded
this
Speech
of
de
Ruiter
,
and
it
was
concluded
in
the
Councel
,
to
put
this
resolve
in
Execution
with
all
the
Expedition
imaginable
.
But
when
they
were
just
going
to
attempt
it
,
the
night
before
,
which
was
on
the
30th
.
of
the
Month
,
the
Wind
changed
to
the
South
South
East
,
and
turned
afterwards
quite
to
the
South
.
And
then
the
Fleet
was
got
within
two
miles
of
Goodstart
,
and
was
driven
so
fiercely
by
the
Wind
that
they
were
forc'd
to
quit
that
project
,
De
Ruiter
by
Cruizing
before
Goodstart
,
had
alarmed
all
those
Coasts
,
and
constrained
Ayschew
with
all
his
Fleet
to
shut
themselves
up
in
their
Harbours
.
At
which
time
receiving
advice
from
divers
parts
,
that
Admiral
Blake
past
on
the
30th
.
of
the
same
Month
near
Bevezieck
with
a
Fleet
of
72
sail
,
to
the
Westward
,
with
a
design
to
make
towards
him
to
give
him
Battle
,
he
thereupon
judg'd
it
more
Expedient
for
him
to
keep
to
the
Westward
of
the
English
Fleet
,
because
he
found
himself
too
weak
to
hazard
a
second
fight
.
The
22d
.
of
September
following
,
as
he
was
still
cruising
,
he
was
assailed
hard
by
Sorles
,
by
a
furious
Tempest
that
lasted
three
days
together
,
and
on
the
3d.
day
the
Wind
being
appealed
,
he
would
fain
have
given
chase
to
a
Squadron
of
25
of
the
Parliaments
Ships
,
and
that
very
evening
he
found
himself
already
advanced
within
a
mile
of
the
English
,
with
some
Ships
of
his
Fleet
,
but
the
biggest
of
them
remained
still
scattered
to
and
fro
.
The
same
night
another
fierce
Wind
arose
,
and
again
dispersed
the
Ships
of
his
Fleet
,
so
that
he
mist
his
blow
.
For
what
care
soever
de
Ruiter
could
take
all
the
time
he
was
cruising
in
the
Channel
,
to
get
his
Ships
together
in
a
Body
,
yet
he
could
never
effect
it
.
One
morning
he
found
them
so
very
much
scattered
,
that
there
were
several
of
them
that
were
three
miles
distant
one
from
the
other
;
and
he
was
so
much
in
wrath
at
it
,
that
he
could
not
forbear
signifying
to
his
Captains
,
that
he
was
unhappy
to
have
to
do
with
Men
that
heeded
not
his
Orders
.
Besides
that
,
his
Fleet
began
to
be
in
want
of
many
necessaries
,
and
that
which
was
most
vexatious
for
de
Ruiter
,
was
that
he
saw
himself
in
danger
suddenly
to
be
attackt
by
the
whole
power
of
England
;
upon
which
,
having
held
a
Council
of
War
,
it
was
there
concluded
,
that
since
the
Enemies
were
every
where
much
stronger
than
they
,
it
was
to
be
feared
,
that
being
informed
of
their
weakness
,
they
would
take
their
time
to
come
and
overwhelm
them
;
and
that
therefore
to
avoid
that
Misfortune
,
it
was
requisite
they
should
with
all
diligence
pass
the
Strait
of
Callis
,
in
order
to
go
and
meet
Vice-Admiral
de
Wit
,
de
Ruiters
Fleet
with
that
of
de
Wit.
who
was
coming
that
way
with
fresh
Forces
.
On
the
28th
of
the
same
month
,
advice
was
brought
of
his
arrival
,
and
on
the
2d
of
October
,
the
two
Fleets
joyned
one
another
between
Dunkirk
and
Newport
.
The
States
had
it
seems
thought
fit
to
let
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
rest
a
while
,
and
to
give
the
Conduct
of
their
Naval
Army
,
de
Wit
Admiral
instead
of
Martin
Tromp
.
that
is
,
of
all
the
Ships
that
were
left
of
it
,
that
were
still
in
a
condition
to
keep
the
Sea
,
after
the
Tempest
of
which
we
have
spoken
,
to
Vice-Admiral
de
Wit
,
in
hopes
that
this
latter
would
perhaps
have
better
luck
than
Tromp
had
in
his
last
expedition
;
and
because
many
of
the
fickle
Mobb
begun
to
murmur
at
Tromp
,
and
because
he
had
not
been
so
fortunate
in
his
last
undertakings
,
as
they
expected
,
to
look
upon
it
as
a
Judgment
upon
him
,
for
being
the
cause
of
that
Great
War
.
The
States
Commission
to
de
Wit
imported
,
that
he
should
go
and
joyn
de
Ruiter
.
Blake
had
likewise
received
orders
from
the
English
Parliliament
,
to
go
and
joyn
Ayschew
,
who
was
retired
to
Plymouth
after
the
loss
of
the
last
Battle
,
that
they
might
endeavour
to
hinder
the
Junction
of
the
two
Holland-Fleets
;
but
the
Wind
proving
contrary
to
them
,
it
was
impossible
for
them
to
oppose
it
.
Vice-Admiral
de
Wits
Fleet
being
45
Sail
strong
when
he
joyned
de
Ruiter
,
after
their
Junction
,
it
was
resolved
with
all
possible
diligence
to
sail
away
to
the
Westward
.
De
Wit
who
had
the
chief
Command
of
the
whole
Fleet
,
sent
for
the
Captains
that
had
served
under
de
Ruiter
in
his
absence
,
and
carefully
enquired
of
them
in
what
condition
their
respective
Ships
were
,
and
what
necessaries
they
wanted
,
and
found
,
that
10
of
the
Ships
of
that
Fleet
were
disabled
either
by
the
late
Fight
or
Tempest
;
so
that
it
was
thought
requisite
to
send
the
said
10
Ships
,
and
5
Leaky
Fireships
that
had
lost
most
of
their
Sails
and
Rigging
,
back
into
Holland
,
with
Orders
to
come
and
rejoyn
the
Fleet
again
so
soon
as
they
should
be
refitted
.
The
Neptune
that
de
Ruiter
went
in
was
one
of
that
number
,
which
obliged
him
to
Remove
into
the
Lovisa
.
But
we
shall
leave
that
Fleet
for
a
moment
,
to
entertain
you
with
the
Relation
of
one
of
the
first
Actions
of
the
Hero
that
is
the
principal
Subject
of
this
History
.
The
States
fearing
their
Commerce
in
the
Levant
might
be
disturbed
by
the
English
,
sent
into
the
Mediterranean
Vice-Admiral
Catz
with
a
Fleet
of
14
Men
of
War
.
Catz
,
willing
to
execute
the
Orders
given
him
by
the
States
,
notified
to
the
Governour
of
the
place
,
That
his
Commission
obliged
him
to
Fight
and
attack
all
English
Ships
wheresoever
he
found
them
,
but
he
had
thitherto
suspended
the
Execution
of
his
orders
in
Confidence
,
that
the
Governour
would
not
suffer
the
Ships
to
be
unladen
,
for
that
if
he
offered
to
permit
it
,
he
should
be
obliged
to
oppose
it
by
attacking
them
.
The
Governour
made
answer
,
That
the
Ports
of
the
Great
Duke
of
Tuscany
his
Master
were
open
in
general
to
all
the
World
.
After
some
contestations
,
the
English
at
last
unladed
their
Ships
without
any
opposition
from
Vice-Admiral
Catz
,
de
Galen
sent
in
his
place
.
which
gave
occasion
to
the
States
,
as
ill
satisfied
at
his
Conduct
,
to
recall
him
,
and
to
send
in
his
room
,
John
de
Galen
,
a
Man
of
great
Reputation
for
having
signalized
himself
in
divers
Rencounters
.
De
Galen
then
went
by
Land
to
Legorn
,
and
producing
his
Commission
to
the
Fleet
,
it
soon
appeared
what
he
was
capable
of
,
by
the
attempt
he
made
upon
the
English
Ships
coming
from
the
Levant
,
whilst
on
another
side
Captain
Salingen
kept
Appleton
blockt
up
.
The
6th
of
September
,
de
Galen
discovered
them
between
Elba
and
Monte
Christo
,
and
immediately
used
all
the
diligence
imaginable
to
get
up
to
them
.
That
Fleet
consisted
of
4
Men
of
War
,
and
4
Merchant-Ships
under
the
Conduct
of
Commodore
Bodley
.
And
the
States
Fleet
under
the
Command
of
de
Galen
was
10
Sail
strong
of
Men
of
War
,
of
one
of
which
,
Cornelius
Tromp
,
who
was
then
but
a
private
Captain
,
had
the
Command
.
The
English
seeing
it
was
impossible
for
them
to
escape
,
threw
themselves
into
a
Half-moon
,
and
put
themselves
in
order
of
Battle
,
between
the
two
Islands
just-now
mentioned
:
Whilst
de
Galen
going
personally
to
every
Ship
of
his
Fleet
,
did
all
he
could
to
encourage
the
Seamen
with
the
hopes
of
the
Riches
of
the
Levant
,
that
was
likely
very
soon
to
be
their
prey
.
The
Captains
at
the
same
time
burning
with
Ambition
to
signalize
themselves
,
and
to
get
tho
it
were
but
grinning
Honour
,
at
3
a
Clock
in
the
afternoon
,
James
de
Boet
the
Dutch
Reer-Admiral
begun
the
attack
,
de
Galen
.
and
the
Fight
growing
very
hot
on
both
sides
,
would
yet
have
proved
much
more
Bloody
,
if
a
Calm
had
not
hindred
the
two
Fleets
from
a
Close-fight
,
and
coming
to
Board
one
another
.
However
they
continued
firing
at
one
another
till
the
beginning
of
the
Night
:
When
de
Galen
whose
Ship
had
most
of
her
Rigging
endamaged
,
that
his
Fleet
might
not
be
scattered
,
and
lose
one
another
in
the
dark
,
hung
out
lights
all
night
in
two
different
parts
of
his
Admiral
Ship
,
viz.
a
double
one
in
two
Lantherns
,
upon
his
Poop
,
and
another
in
a
single
Lanthern
,
above
his
Main-mast
Top.
The
English
kept
themselves
along
by
the
Flatts
towards
Monte-Christo
;
where
at
Break
of
Day
de
Galen
went
with
design
to
visit
them
,
but
finding
himself
weakned
by
the
absence
of
3
of
his
Ships
which
the
Tide
had
carried
away
to
the
Leeward
,
it
was
impossible
for
him
to
execute
his
enterprize
.
In
the
mean
while
the
English
Merchant
Ships
taking
this
opportunity
to
cheat
the
greedy
Dutch
that
had
counted
without
their
Host
,
of
their
desired
prey
,
got
out
to
Sea
,
and
escaped
;
and
then
Bodley
being
not
able
to
recoil
any
further
for
fear
of
running
upon
the
aforesaid
Flatts
,
threw
his
Ships
again
into
a
Half-moon
,
and
stood
firmly
to
receive
the
Hollanders
,
who
were
now
but
7
Sail.
De
Galen
coming
up
with
Bodley
gave
him
a
Broad-side
,
which
he
answered
with
another
.
And
after
he
had
received
7
Cannon
shot
between
Wind
and
Water
,
and
was
weakned
by
the
loss
of
17
Men
killed
and
27
dangerously
wounded
,
and
had
escaped
the
Flames
three
times
,
and
had
almost
all
his
Sails
and
Rigging
torn
to
pieces
,
yet
he
went
for
all
that
,
and
attackt
another
that
was
one
of
the
biggest
and
strongest
Ships
the
English
had
.
Rear-Admiral
de
Boet
who
was
in
the
Vnion
,
having
attackt
Bodley
at
his
Prow
,
shot
down
his
Main-mast
close
by
the
Board
,
which
tumbled
into
the
Sea
.
Wartsworth
an
English
Captain
seeing
him
thus
disabled
,
advanced
to
take
his
Post
,
but
Rear-Admiral
de
Boets's
Seamen
finding
opportunity
to
favour
them
,
Boarded
him
,
and
in
a
moment
made
themselves
Masters
of
the
Phenix
Frigat
which
he
Commanded
.
But
Bont
and
Swaart
were
not
so
fortunate
,
for
tho
they
had
grappled
Bodley
on
each
side
they
found
so
much
resistance
that
they
were
forced
to
retire
well
mauled
after
a
long
and
Cruel
Fight
,
and
the
loss
of
both
their
Captains
.
Cornelius
Tromp
puts
into
the
Road
of
the
Isle
of
Corsica
,
to
repair
his
damages
in
the
Fight
.
The
English
Admiral
seeing
himself
thereby
disengaged
,
thought
it
best
to
flie
while
he
might
,
and
make
the
best
of
his
way
.
But
de
Galen
and
some
other
Dutch
Captains
pursued
him
.
Cornelius
Tromp
on
the
other
side
,
who
had
signalized
himself
in
the
Fight
,
made
it
sufficiently
appear
by
his
undaunted
bravery
what
might
one
day
be
expected
from
him
;
his
Ship
as
well
as
de
Boet's
having
so
extremely
suffered
,
that
they
were
fain
to
put
into
the
Road
of
the
Isle
of
Corsica
to
repair
their
damages
.
After
the
Battel
,
de
Galen
took
a
very
partiticular
care
of
his
wounded
Men
,
and
caused
the
broken
Masts
to
be
pieced
up
,
and
all
the
Ships
of
his
Fleet
to
be
repaired
,
that
they
might
be
in
a
condition
to
give
a
second
Battle
to
the
English
the
next
day
.
But
they
for
fear
of
being
pursued
,
retreated
,
towing
away
their
Vessels
without
hanging
out
any
lights
all
the
Night
.
When
day
was
come
,
they
were
descried
near
the
Isle
of
Elba
,
and
making
their
way
with
all
diligence
,
they
were
got
already
near
Porto-Longone
,
before
the
Dutch
could
reach
them
.
The
Hollanders
coming
to
an
Anchor
likewise
in
the
same
Harbour
,
designed
to
besiege
them
there
,
but
the
Governours
Secretary
John
Ba●t●sta
Brancattio
,
came
to
them
and
declared
to
them
from
his
Master
,
that
he
would
not
suffer
any
acts
of
Hostility
to
be
committed
upon
the
Coasts
of
his
Catholick
Majesty
,
adding
,
that
in
that
case
he
would
fire
at
the
Aggressor
.
And
to
shew
he
would
be
as
good
as
his
word
,
he
had
placed
a
strong
Guard
over
a
Battery
of
five
pieces
of
Canon
that
was
planted
on
the
side
of
the
Shore
.
Captain
Tromp
and
Captain
Blok
going
a
shore
to
Compliment
Brancattio
,
Bodley
permitted
them
likewise
to
go
on
Board
him
,
and
entertained
them
there
with
a
great
deal
of
Civility
and
kindness
.
They
drunk
together
Admiral
de
Galen's
health
,
and
when
they
went
away
,
they
were
honoured
with
a
Salute
of
five
Guns
.
A
little
time
after
the
Fight
,
the
same
honours
were
done
on
Board
the
Dutch
Admiral
,
to
Captain
Hoyen
Cox
,
who
came
thither
from
the
English
.
But
for
all
these
mutual
Civilit●es
that
past
betwixt
them
,
each
party
was
never
the
less
watchful
to
seek
their
advantages
,
and
to
repair
their
battered
Ships
with
all
the
diligence
imaginable
,
with
design
to
get
them
as
soon
as
possible
,
into
a
condition
to
be
able
to
enter
upon
new
enterprizes
.
De
Galen
having
a
mind
to
render
the
last
duties
to
his
Dead
,
The
Governor
Brancattio
permitted
him
to
bury
them
near
to
a
Fountain
which
Frederick
Barbarossa
had
caused
to
be
built
of
white
Marble
,
for
the
refreshment
of
his
Ships
when
coming
from
Constantinople
,
with
a
Naval
Army
he
landed
on
the
Coasts
of
Italy
.
The
Bodies
of
the
Vice
Commander
,
Jonge
Hoen
,
Jans●
Bont
,
and
Swart
,
were
interred
near
the
seven
Fig-trees
under
the
Rosemary
,
attended
by
40
Musketeers
,
who
paid
several
Vollies
of
Shot
to
the
honour
of
the
Memory
of
those
brave
Captains
,
who
newly
died
in
the
bed
of
Honour
,
for
the
service
of
their
Country
.
After
these
Funerals
were
over
,
de
Galen
considering
it
would
be
but
to
lose
time
in
vain
,
to
stay
any
longer
in
that
Harbour
,
resolved
to
weigh
Anchor
in
order
to
sail
towards
Legorn
,
thinking
thereby
to
draw
the
English
out
of
the
secure
Post
in
which
they
then
were
.
After
having
related
what
passed
in
the
Mediterranean
,
we
shall
return
to
the
Ocean
.
The
States
Fleet
Commanded
by
Vice-Admiral
de
Wit
,
after
the
departure
of
the
10
Ships
that
were
detacht
from
it
,
consisted
of
64
Men
of
War
,
and
that
of
the
English
under
the
Conduct
of
Admiral
Blake
was
composed
of
68.
But
the
Ships
of
these
latter
were
incomparably
much
better
furnisht
for
the
War
,
than
were
those
of
the
Dutch.
De
Ruiter
,
after
he
had
well
examined
all
things
,
found
so
great
a
difference
between
the
Naval
Army
of
Holland
,
and
that
of
England
,
that
he
saw
there
was
an
utter
impossility
to
be
able
to
attempt
any
thing
without
exposing
the
Fleet
of
the
United
Provinces
to
an
inevitable
Ruine
.
De
Wit
slights
de
Ruiter's
sage
advice
,
and
rashly
fights
the
English
.
But
de
Wit
was
of
another
mind
,
and
assoon
as
ever
he
came
to
Sea
,
affected
to
let
the
World
know
,
he
had
great
designs
in
his
Head
.
His
advice
was
,
to
go
and
attack
the
English
in
the
Downs
,
and
according
to
that
project
,
de
Ruiter
was
to
lead
the
Van-Guard
;
But
the
English
having
gotten
ready
sooner
than
de
Wit
imagined
,
appeared
all
on
a
sudden
at
Sea
,
the
2d
of
October
,
and
coming
up
directly
to
him
with
a
fair
wind
,
his
surprise
was
so
great
,
that
he
had
not
time
so
much
as
to
call
a
Council
of
War
,
besides
,
that
he
was
in
no
readiness
for
a
Fight
,
because
that
many
of
his
Ships
having
been
scattered
here
and
there
by
a
Tempest
that
had
happened
the
day
before
,
had
not
yet
time
to
get
together
again
.
Dover
.
Octber
2.
1652.
Vice-Admiral
de
Wit
seeing
there
was
no
flying
back
,
sent
by
an
Advice-Boat
,
to
exhort
all
the
Captains
of
his
Fleet
,
to
do
their
duty
in
their
respective
places
.
The
fight
begun
at
three
a
Clock
in
the
Afternoon
,
and
was
fought
at
the
entrance
of
Callis-strait
.
De
Ruiter
had
the
Vanguard
,
de
Wit
the
main
Body
of
the
Fleet
,
and
de
Wilde
Commanded
the
Rear
.
And
Evertz
attended
besides
with
a
Body
of
Reserve
,
to
be
ready
to
give
assistance
to
those
that
should
have
need
.
The
two
Fleets
piercing
one
into
the
other
plied
one
another
hotly
with
the
Thunder
of
their
Cannon
;
the
English
loss
being
most
in
Men
,
and
that
of
the
Dutch
in
Sails
and
Rigging
.
De
Ruiter
and
de
Wit
did
wonders
,
De
Ruiter
had
a
great
many
killed
and
wounded
;
he
had
received
four
shot
between
Win●
and
Water
;
the
Main-yard
of
his
Ship
was
over-turned
to
the
left
side
,
and
his
main
and
mizzen
Sails
,
as
well
as
his
Rigging
were
all
torn
to
pieces
.
Some
Captains
following
his
example
,
signalized
themselves
,
whilst
o●h●●s
gave
all
the
marks
of
a
shameful
Coward●ce
;
and
several
kept
at
a
great
distance
behind
,
●ill
night
coming
on
and
parting
the
Combatants
,
th●y
could
get
together
again
by
favour
of
th●
darkness
of
the
night
,
in
order
to
renew
〈…〉
●gain
the
next
day
,
if
the
wind
and
opp●
〈…〉
●●ved
favourable
to
them
.
But
the
〈…〉
●●ceived
in
the
night
a
Re-inforcement
of
16
Great
Ships
which
Admiral
Ayschew
brought
from
the
Downs
,
whereas
the
Hollanders
found
themselves
weaker
by
20
Ships
,
through
the
Cowardice
of
many
Captains
,
who
stole
from
the
Fleet
by
favour
of
the
darkness
.
Notwithstanding
all
these
disadvantages
,
Vice-Admiral
de
Wit
was
still
obstinately
bent
to
attack
the
English
,
and
was
for
that
purpose
,
making
towards
them
,
when
perceiving
,
that
he
should
be
but
very
slenderly
back'd
,
he
made
a
stop
,
In
the
mean
while
the
Weather
falling
to
a
Calm
,
de
Wit
call'd
together
all
the
General
and
Under
Officers
of
his
Fleet
to
a
Council
of
War
,
to
deliberate
about
the
present
State
of
affairs
.
De
Ruiter
and
Evertz
that
were
in
joint
Command
with
him
,
maintain'd
,
that
't
was
a
great
Rashness
,
to
expose
the
Fleet
to
so
imminent
a
danger
;
because
their
Ships
were
so
much
scattered
one
from
the
other
,
that
it
would
be
four
a
Clock
in
the
afternoon
,
before
the
forwardest
,
and
Dusk
of
night
before
the
backwardest
of
them
could
come
up
with
the
body
of
the
Enemies
Fleet
;
that
the
English
had
received
a
considerable
Reinforcement
,
whereas
the
Hollanders
on
the
contrary
were
grown
weaker
.
That
the
former
had
a
great
advantage
by
their
Fire-Ships
,
whereas
they
could
make
no
use
of
theirs
;
that
their
Fleet
was
very
ill
manned
,
and
a
great
many
of
their
men
sick
and
wounded
,
that
two
of
their
Ships
had
lost
their
Fore-Masts
,
that
the
Main-Mast
of
the
Ship
call'd
the
Prince
William
,
was
quite
disabled
,
and
many
other
Ships
much
endamaged
;
and
in
fine
,
that
there
would
be
no
manner
of
tolerable
reason
to
be
alledged
in
excuse
of
so
great
a
fault
as
it
would
be
at
that
time
,
to
put
the
States
and
the
Government
in
imminent
danger
of
ruin
,
by
so
rashly
exposing
their
Fleet.
All
these
reasons
were
too
evident
to
be
rejected
;
and
therefore
they
tackt
about
to
get
away
from
the
Enemies
,
only
7
Ships
that
were
kept
back
by
a
contrary
Wind
,
were
forced
to
lag
behind
,
and
endure
the
Force
of
the
English
Admiral
and
his
Squadron
who
had
the
Weather-gage
of
them
,
till
the
Dusk
of
Night
,
hut
without
any
great
damage
.
The
D●tch
Fleet
then
having
thus
made
a
Retreat
under
the
favourable
covert
of
the
Darkness
,
Vice-Admiral
de
Wit
who
affected
to
shew
courage
out
of
season
,
called
another
Council
of
War
,
and
proposed
,
that
the
Fleet
should
keep
to
the
leeward
,
but
all
the
Officers
smelling
out
his
design
,
Unanimously
maintained
,
that
it
't
was
not
at
all
advisable
to
stand
another
attack
from
the
English
,
because
they
were
too
weak
to
cope
with
them
,
and
it
would
he
too
great
a
hazard
to
venture
it
,
but
that
it
would
be
much
safer
to
Retreat
with
all
the
sail
they
could
,
towards
Goree
,
to
recruit
themselves
,
and
to
wait
the
Orders
of
the
States
.
It
was
impossible
for
de
Wit
,
to
oppose
that
Resolution
,
and
so
much
the
more
because
he
plainly
perceived
,
that
many
of
his
Captains
were
resolved
to
lie
still
,
and
be
bare
spectatours
of
a
Fight
to
which
they
were
no
ways
consenting
,
and
that
of
all
the
whole
Fleet
there
were
but
15
Ships
that
he
could
trust
upon
,
so
suspicious
to
him
was
the
fidelity
of
all
the
rest
,
so
that
there
was
no
other
way
lest
for
him
to
take
,
but
to
make
as
fast
as
he
could
from
the
Enemy
,
which
at
last
,
tho'
much
against
his
stomach
,
that
Bully-Admiral
was
fain
to
resolve
upon
;
yet
terribly
fretted
he
was
,
to
see
himself
so
deserted
at
a
time
when
his
foolish
Ambition
flattered
him
,
that
he
might
have
gained
immortal
Glory
to
himself
and
a
great
Triumph
for
his
Country
.
So
the
Fleet
made
all
the
sail
they
could
for
Holland
,
and
the
Engl●sh
pursued
them
till
noon
;
but
seeing
't
was
but
in
vain
,
they
tackt
,
and
stood
another
Course
.
The
same
Evening
the
Dutch
came
in
sight
of
the
Isle
of
Schouwen
,
and
on
the
13th
.
of
October
got
into
Helvoetsluys
.
The
shamefull
Cowardice
of
the
Captains
that
had
fled
in
such
a
Rencounter
as
that
,
was
so
much
the
more
Criminal
,
because
there
was
not
so
much
as
one
ship
lost
in
the
Fight
out
of
the
whole
Fleet.
For
one
Ship
that
had
all
her
sails
and
rigging
shot
away
,
yet
got
away
in
that
sad
condition
,
into
the
Meuse
,
and
all
the
rest
that
had
been
battered
,
made
a
shift
likewise
to
save
themselves
.
It
will
not
be
impertinent
to
insert
by
the
way
the
relation
of
a
very
Remarkable
action
.
Broer
Jaap
,
Captain
of
the
Ship
we
told
you
,
was
so
miserably
maul'd
,
being
Grappled
with
an
English
Frigat
,
had
his
Mizen-Mast
and
Bolt-sprit
,
and
part
of
his
Ships
Head
shot
away
;
upon
which
,
seeing
himself
in
such
a
miserable
and
helpless
condition
,
he
leapt
into
a
Boat
and
relinquish'h
his
Ship
to
the
discretion
of
the
Enemy
.
But
a
Gunner
my
Comerades
,
is
it
possible
,
you
should
yield
!
Let
us
rather
put
fire
to
the
Powder
,
and
so
we
shall
all
be
set
at
liberty
;
Which
bold
and
desperate
Resolution
so
frighted
the
English
that
had
Boarded
her
,
that
they
imediately
quitted
the
Ship
,
and
left
the
Mr.
quietly
to
Conduct
her
into
the
Meuse
.
The
States
General
,
to
remedy
all
these
disorders
,
took
a
Resolution
,
after
they
had
well
informed
themselves
of
the
particulars
of
all
that
had
passed
,
to
punish
those
that
had
shewn
any
symptoms
of
Cowardice
,
and
accordingly
they
had
began
to
make
an
exact
inquiry
into
the
Behaviour
of
those
Officers
,
but
soon
let
it
fall
because
on
one
side
the
Number
of
the
Criminals
was
too
great
,
and
on
the
other
the
favour
of
powerfull
interceeding
friends
prevail'd
over
the
severity
of
Justice
.
Tho'
the
English
had
had
some
disadvantage
in
the
Mediterranean
,
yet
were
they
not
for
that
a
whit
the
less
venturous
to
endeavour
to
retakethe
Phoenix
which
they
had
lost
,
and
which
young
Tromp
then
was
in
,
because
his
own
Ship
called
,
the
Maiden
of
Enkuisen
was
so
battered
in
the
Battle
of
Elbaa
and
Monte
Christo
,
that
she
was
hardly
able
to
keep
the
Sea
.
And
they
effected
that
enterprize
with
so
much
the
more
ease
,
because
the
Hollanders
having
taken
some
fresh
Codd
,
were
gotten
into
a
debauch
,
and
thought
themselves
secure
enough
in
Legorn
Road
,
to
dispense
with
keeping
of
a
good
Guard
.
Bodley
and
Captain
Cox
being
informed
of
their
Frolicksome
security
mann'd
out
three
Boats
with
30
armed
Seamen
each
,
who
were
furnish'd
with
bags
of
Meal
to
throw
in
the
Dutch
mens
Eyes
.
There
were
8
Seamen
kill'd
in
this
Rencounter
,
and
those
that
were
wounded
were
set
ashore
at
Naples
.
Notwithstanding
this
,
the
English
were
still
much
weaker
than
the
Dutch
in
the
Mediterranean
,
For
besides
the
14
Men
of
War
Commanded
by
de
Galen
,
the
Dutch
Consul
at
Legorn
had
hired
11
more
,
tho'
't
is
true
,
that
de
Galen's
Squadron
were
much
endamaged
by
the
late
Fight
,
and
the
others
could
not
quickly
be
got
ready
for
want
of
Seamen
.
After
the
unfortunate
expedition
of
Vice-Admiral
de
Wit
,
the
States
began
to
cast
their
Eyes
again
upon
Lieutenant
Admiral
Martin
Tromp
who
was
as
much
beloved
of
the
Seamen
for
his
mild
Temper
;
as
de
Wit
was
hated
by
them
,
for
his
Cruelty
;
besides
that
there
was
no
body
that
would
offer
to
go
about
to
parallel
the
merit
of
the
former
with
the
great
Capacity
of
the
other
.
'T
is
true
,
some
seemed
not
very
well
satisfied
with
the
last
excursion
Tromp
had
made
,
but
however
the
Major
part
were
of
opinion
,
that
as
things
were
,
they
could
not
be
without
him
.
Thereforeat
the
beginnig
of
Novemb.
the
States
took
a
Resolution
,
Martin
Tromp
.
to
give
him
the
Command
of
the
Fleet
that
was
then
Equipping
.
Vice-Admiral
Evertsz
,
de
Wit
,
de
Ruiter
,
and
Rear-Admiral
Florisz
were
named
to
Command
under
him
:
But
de
Wit
falling
sick
was
put
a-shore
,
and
de
Ruiter
substituted
in
his
place
.
This
Fleet
was
composed
of
about
73
Men
of
War
,
besides
Fire
Ships
and
other
smaller
vessels
and
Tenders
.
Besides
which
,
there
were
300
Merchant
Ships
that
were
joyned
to
the
Admiral
's
Flag
,
which
Tromp
had
orders
to
Convoy
as
far
as
Cape
St.
Lazar.
He
then
put
to
Sea
with
this
so
potent
Fleet
,
and
made
towards
the
Strait
of
Callis
.
Between
Dover
and
Folstan
,
he
discovered
the
English
Fleet
under
the
Command
of
Admiral
Blake
.
Batten
,
Achson
coming
up
to
his
assistance
brought
the
Ship
Bonaventure
to
his
other
side
;
which
is
so
much
the
more
Remarkable
because
the
Captains
of
those
two
English
Ships
had
sworn
to
Blake
either
to
bring
him
the
Dutch
Admiral
,
or
else
at
least
to
sink
him
to
the
bottom
of
the
Sea
.
Achson
advancing
to
the
head
of
Tromp's
Ship
let
flie
a
Broad
side
that
raked
his
Deck
fore
and
aft
,
killed
his
Secretary
by
his
side
and
did
a
great
deal
of
other
mischief
on
board
the
Dutch
Admiral
.
But
yet
Tromp
keeping
still
an
undaunted
presence
of
mind
,
endeavoured
by
his
discourses
,
to
revive
the
pall'd
spirits
of
his
men
by
inspiring
into
them
a
love
for
their
Country
;
while
things
were
thus
passing
,
one
of
Tromp's
sailors
contemning
all
danger
,
taking
hold
of
the
Cables
of
the
Rose
and
Crown
,
vaulted
into
her
through
a
shower
of
shot
,
and
climbing
up
to
the
Main-Mast
Top
Gallant
,
pull'd
down
the
English
Flag
and
put
up
the
Princes
in
its
stead
;
for
which
Heroick
Action
he
had
a
Gratification
given
him
by
the
States
of
500
Dutch
Livers
;
At
length
Batten
after
he
had
lost
above
60
men
,
and
was
quite
disabled
,
yeilded
his
Ship
;
and
on
the
other
side
Evertsz
coming
to
a
close
Engagement
with
Achson
,
handled
him
so
roughly
that
he
was
fain
to
quit
the
Bonaventure
.
Blake
being
attackt
by
de
Ruiter
,
lost
his
Masts
,
and
the
Captain
de
Haas
,
and
de
Liefde
falling
likewise
upon
him
,
attackt
him
on
both
sides
so
that
he
was
forced
to
quit
the
Fight
,
and
retire
very
much
battered
and
disabled
,
to
Dover
.
The
night
at
last
parted
the
Fray
,
but
those
that
were
Engaged
the
furthest
amongst
the
English
Ships
left
not
of
shooting
till
towards
9
a
Clock
.
The
particularities
of
this
Battle
may
be
seen
in
the
following
Letter
written
by
Tromp
to
the
States
.
SInce
my
last
of
this
Month
,
Our
Vice-Admiral
Evertsz
having
attackt
the
Bonaventure
on
her
other
side
,
we
were
four
Grapled
together
,
and
the
Bonaventure
likewise
yielded
.
We
took
possession
of
the
Rose
and
Crown
,
after
having
taken
above
a
100
men
out
of
her
,
and
put
in
60
of
our
own
men
instead
of
them
.
We
had
in
our
Admiral
's
Ship
3
men
killed
,
and
21
wounded
.
Vice-Admiral
Evertsz
took
likewise
possession
of
the
Bonaventure
,
and
the
Night
having
put
an
end
to
the
Fight
,
we
cast
Anchor
,
and
gave
order
to
our
Master
that
kept
our
prizes
,
to
do
the
same
.
About
9
a
Clock
we
still
heard
the
noise
of
the
Firing
of
our
Rears
.
About
the
Dusk
of
night
,
Captain
Juinbol's
Ship
fell
on
fire
,
by
what
accident
we
know
not
,
and
perish'd
with
a
great
part
of
her
men
,
but
the
rest
were
saved
.
We
spent
all
the
night
in
repairing
our
Ships
and
our
damages
.
On
the
11th
.
of
the
aforesaid
Month
,
in
the
Morning
the
Wind
being
West-North-West
,
we
perceived
2
Ships
to
the
Westward
,
to
which
we
gave
chace
.
Captain
Van
Sanen
,
took
one
of
them
,
which
proved
an
English
Ship
of
14
Guns
,
laden
with
Figs
coming
from
Condat
.
We
called
all
our
Captains
on
Board
us
,
and
their
men
in
the
mean
while
,
helpt
to
repair
our
Ship
,
and
all
the
other
Ships
in
the
Fleet
that
had
need
of
it
.
We
had
but
very
few
men
kill'd
and
wounded
.
Some
of
our
Ships
are
scattered
from
us
,
and
we
know
not
which
way
they
have
steered
.
And
about
one
a
Clock
,
we
were
got
in
a
readiness
to
weigh
Anchor
,
with
a
design
to
go
and
seek
out
the
English
,
either
at
Dover
,
or
towards
the
Downs
.
We
accordingly
advanced
for
some
time
,
and
then
the
Night
coming
on
,
we
were
forced
to
come
to
an
Anchor
,
Dover
bearing
North-East
from
us
.
On
the
12th
.
at
10
a
Clock
;
Captain
Sentson
brought
in
to
us
one
of
the
Parliament
Ships
,
called
the
Hercules
,
carrying
26
Guns
,
which
had
on
board
her
80
Vagabonds
that
had
saved
themselves
upon
that
Coast
,
she
was
bound
from
Portsmouth
for
London
,
in
order
to
joyn
the
other
Men
of
War
that
were
there
,
designed
to
be
sent
into
the
Mediterranean
.
At
the
same
time
some
of
our
strayed
Ships
found
the
way
back
to
us
again
.
We
used
all
possible
industry
clapping
on
all
the
sail
we
could
,
to
make
towards
the
Downs
,
but
found
it
impracticable
to
do
it
.
The
13th
.
in
the
Morning
,
the
Wind
being
at
North
North-East
,
we
weighed
Anchor
,
and
stood
towards
the
Coast
of
France
,
and
came
to
an
Anchor
in
the
Rode
of
Bullen
,
where
we
received
the
dispatches
of
your
High
and
Mightinesses
,
dated
the
7th
.
of
this
Month.
As
soon
as
we
shall
get
all
our
Fleet
together
again
,
if
the
Wind
and
opportunity
permit
,
we
will
go
and
make
another
attack
upon
the
English
,
according
to
our
Orders
.
We
have
gotten
an
account
from
our
Prisoners
,
of
the
present
condition
their
Men
of
War
are
now
in
,
which
we
have
set
down
in
the
Memorial
hereto
annexed
,
but
we
know
not
whether
their
report
may
be
relied
on
.
We
impatiently
expect
our
Merchant
Fleet
,
as
also
the
Men
of
War
and
Fire
Ships
which
lagg'd
behind
us
when
we
came
away
;
and
for
that
effect
,
we
have
sent
out
our
best
sailors
a
cruizing
along
the
Strait
of
Callis
,
to
hasten
them
back
,
&c.
In
all
propability
Tromp
in
that
Action
would
have
entirely
destroyed
the
English
Fleet
,
if
they
had
not
timely
retreated
into
the
Thames
;
and
if
he
could
have
procured
any
good
sounders
,
he
would
have
gone
to
seek
them
out
even
in
that
their
place
of
refuge
,
but
wanting
that
necessary
help
he
was
fain
to
content
himself
with
the
taking
of
the
Ships
,
the
Rose
and
Crown
,
the
Bonaventure
,
the
Hercules
,
and
another
little
Ship
of
14
Guns
,
taken
by
his
Cruizers
,
&c.
However
the
Dutch
Merchant
Fleet
passed
the
Strait
of
Callis
about
the
15th
.
of
the
same
Month
,
and
happily
pursued
their
designed
Voyage
.
Oliver
Cromwel
however
,
going
to
Spit-head
,
where
the
Fleet
then
lay
at
Anchor
,
caused
several
Captains
to
be
seized
in
order
to
fine
them
in
punishment
of
their
Cowardice
.
Ayschew
having
been
deserted
by
Blake
charged
him
with
the
loss
of
the
Battle
,
and
openly
protested
,
he
would
serve
no
longer
:
The
Parliament
to
appease
him
,
ordered
him
a
Gratification
of
300
l.
in
Sterlin
besides
180
l.
that
had
been
assigned
him
before
upon
the
Revenues
of
some
Lands
in
Ireland
.
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
,
after
he
had
cruized
some
time
in
the
Channel
,
to
wait
for
the
Ships
that
were
to
come
from
Holland
,
arrived
at
the
beginning
of
February
near
the
Isle
of
Rhee
,
to
Convoy
250.
Merchant
Ships
that
were
there
assembled
from
divers
parts
of
Europe
;
and
after
having
staid
there
7
days
he
set
out
with
that
Fleet
to
Conduct
them
home
to
their
own
Country
;
but
towards
the
end
of
the
Month
,
as
he
came
near
Portland
,
he
descryed
the
English
Fleet
under
the
Command
of
Blake
,
upon
which
he
stood
directly
towards
them
,
and
came
up
with
the
Enemies
about
10
a
Clock
in
the
forenoon
,
which
gave
occasion
to
another
Fight
which
was
so
much
the
more
bloody
,
because
Blake
on
the
one
side
burnt
with
desire
to
regain
by
a
Victory
his
lost
reputation
,
and
Tromp
on
the
other
,
was
inflamed
with
no
less
passion
to
preserve
the
glory
he
had
won
,
and
the
vast
riches
of
which
he
was
the
Conductor
.
The
two
Fleets
were
scarcely
advanced
within
Cannon
shot
of
one
another
,
de
Ruiter
had
dreamt
the
night
before
,
that
a
Bird
came
and
perch't
on
his
hand
,
but
flew
away
as
he
was
going
to
take
her
,
so
that
seeing
the
English
draw
near
the
next
day
,
he
cried
out
,
There
's
the
Bird
I
dream't
of
;
he
found
himself
Engaged
with
a
great
English
Ship
carrying
44
Guns
,
and
270
men
,
called
the
Prosperity
,
which
fired
most
terribly
at
him
,
which
put
him
in
such
perplexity
,
that
he
thought
the
best
way
to
shelter
himself
from
her
fury
,
would
be
resolutely
to
board
her
:
And
accordingly
his
Seamen
readily
presenting
themselves
for
the
Enterprise
,
with
a
great
deal
of
courage
and
undauntedness
,
they
leapt
into
the
Enemies
Ship
,
but
were
so
hotly
received
there
,
that
they
were
forced
to
retire
again
;
but
yet
de
Ruiter
not
despairing
for
all
that
,
to
carry
her
,
at
last
,
cried
out
to
his
men
,
My
Boys
?
That
touch
was
worth
nothing
,
I
pray
you
,
my
Lads
,
once
more
Courage
.
Upon
which
,
giving
another
assault
,
they
won
the
Ship
,
but
de
Ruiter
,
being
afterwards
over
powered
by
the
Enemies
Numbers
,
and
deserted
by
the
rest
of
his
Squadron
,
was
much
against
his
will
,
constrained
to
let
that
be
tamely
taken
again
from
him
that
had
cost
him
so
dear
.
He
found
himself
once
encompast
with
above
20
sail
of
the
Enemies
,
but
at
length
Vice-Admiral
Evertsz
coming
in
to
his
relief
,
he
by
his
undauntedness
,
forced
his
passage
through
that
great
Number
;
after
which
,
being
seconded
by
the
Captains
,
Kruik
and
Swers
,
he
fought
a
long
time
against
7
Great
English
Men
of
War
,
among
whom
was
Vice-Admiral
Pen
,
who
was
fain
to
retire
very
much
battered
to
the
Isle
of
Wight
;
there
was
another
like
wise
disabled
,
all
his
Masts
and
rigging
being
shot
away
close
by
the
board
;
there
came
up
besides
4
or
5
English
Ships
more
,
and
attackt
afresh
de
Ruiter
,
and
his
assistants
,
Kruik
and
Swers
,
who
for
all
that
,
defended
themselves
till
evening
,
without
receiving
any
other
succour
than
that
which
their
own
great
courage
was
able
to
furnish
them
.
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
pierced
through
and
through
the
English
Fleet
which
took
up
about
a
mile
in
extent
,
thundring
at
all
that
opposed
his
passage
.
Captain
Kruik
signalized
himself
every
way
;
for
his
Ship
,
called
the
Ostritch
,
fought
on
still
some
time
longer
against
several
English
Ships
,
sunk
one
of
them
,
and
defended
her self
as
long
as
she
had
any
men
left
,
but
at
last
the
valiant
Tromp
observing
she
had
lost
all
her
Masts
and
rigging
to
the
very
Hull
,
and
was
ready
to
sink
,
Is
it
possible
!
cried
he
in
a
passion
,
to
his
followers
,
There
should
be
any
Captains
in
the
States
Fleet
so
Cow-hearted
,
as
to
suffer
so
brave
a
Man
to
be
over
whelm'd
by
Numbers
?
And
gave
order
at
the
same
time
to
de
Wilde
to
go
and
rescue
him
.
In
pursuance
of
which
,
he
had
already
fastned
a
Harser
to
his
Ship
to
tow
him
away
,
but
the
Calm
hindred
him
,
so
that
all
he
could
do
,
was
only
to
save
some
of
the
Seamen
that
threw
themselves
on
board
him
,
whilst
the
Ostritch
was
left
swimming
in
a
manner
as
much
in
blood
as
in
water
,
and
especially
upon
the
Deck
there
was
nothing
to
be
seen
but
a
most
horribl●
spectacle
of
dead
and
wounded
Men
,
there
being
reckoned
80
of
the
former
,
and
of
40
young
Seamen
of
Schiedam
,
all
under
the
Age
of
20
years
,
there
were
but
3
left
alive
.
The
English
had
already
boarded
her
to
pillage
her
,
but
being
afraid
,
she
would
sink
under
them
,
they
quitted
her
,
till
the
same
Enemies
finding
her
again
next
day
without
any
soul
in
her
,
they
carried
her
to
Portsmouth
.
Captain
Port
having
attackt
a
great
English
Man
of
War
,
sunk
him
,
but
two
more
falling
in
upon
him
a
moment
after
,
he
received
several
shot
between
Wind
and
Water
,
which
obliged
him
to
call
Swers
to
his
assistance
,
who
presently
advanced
to
the
head
of
Ports
Ship
at
the
instant
when
the
two
Englishmen
were
battering
both
his
sides
.
And
so
the
4
Ships
being
Grapled
to
one
another
,
de
Port's
Ship
was
overturned
and
sunk
together
with
an
Englishman
,
but
most
of
the
Men
were
saved
by
Swers
.
At
the
same
time
Port
was
cruelly
wounded
in
the
Reins
by
a
splinter
,
and
was
seen
tho'
thrown
down
on
his
back
on
the
Deck
to
Wave
his
hanger
in
his
hand
to
the
last
and
to
encourage
his
men
,
till
the
Waves
swallowed
up
both
him
and
his
Ship
.
Swers
likewise
on
his
part
had
so
severely
handled
an
English
ship
that
had
attackt
Port
that
he
was
also
sunk
,
but
almost
at
the
same
time
his
Ship
was
attackt
by
4
other
English
,
and
sunk
.
He
and
some
of
his
Men
were
saved
by
the
Enemies
,
and
carried
to
London
after
the
fight
;
but
understanding
perfectly
well
the
Spanish
Tongue
,
he
made
himself
pass
for
a
natural
Spaniard
,
so
that
shuffling
himself
in
amongst
the
Domestick
servants
of
the
Spanish
Ambassador
,
he
found
means
to
get
a
passage
into
Flanders
,
and
from
thence
into
his
true
Country
.
This
was
the
same
Swers
that
was
afterwards
made
Vice-Admiral
of
Holland
,
of
the
College
of
the
Admiralty
of
Amsterdam
,
and
who
gave
many
signal
marks
of
his
Courage
and
Ability
.
Captain
Kleidyk
of
the
Brill
,
received
almost
at
one
and
the
same
time
,
the
fire
of
3
Great
English
Men
of
War
,
and
being
already
reduced
into
a
very
pitiful
condition
,
Regemorter
a
Zealand
Captain
came
in
to
his
Aid
,
and
cleared
one
of
his
sides
,
then
Kleidyk
began
to
take
a
little
breath
,
and
sunk
one
of
the
English
Ships
that
lay
against
the
other
side
of
him
but
soon
after
,
his
own
Ship
underwent
the
same
fate
,
yet
he
saved
himself
and
his
men
after
a
most
wonderfull
manner
,
for
throwing
themselves
into
the
English
Ship
that
lay
against
the
side
of
Regemorter
,
they
leapt
at
the
same
moment
from
thence
on
board
Regemorter
who
was
just
then
kill'd
with
30
or
40
of
his
men
.
Kleidyk
then
being
got
thither
,
took
the
Command
of
the
Ship
,
and
spoke
with
so
much
courage
to
his
people
,
that
they
begun
to
fire
afresh
at
the
English
Ship
,
and
that
,
with
so
much
success
,
that
it
was
disabled
and
soon
after
buried
in
the
Deep
.
Captain
Munick's
Ship
,
of
Amsterdam
was
taken
about
the
same
time
,
and
towards
evening
they
burnt
her
.
Captain
Aart
Van
Nes
,
following
close
after
Tromp
,
found
himself
in
the
midst
of
the
Enemies
,
where
he
gave
signal
proofs
of
his
undaunted
Courage
.
He
would
have
Grapled
an
English
Ship
that
had
the
disadvantage
of
the
Wind
,
but
she
letting
flie
at
him
a
broad
side
,
made
him
glad
to
sheer
off
;
after
which
,
he
attackt
another
which
he
furiously
battered
.
He
fought
likewise
for
some
time
,
against
the
two
English
Vice-Admirals
of
the
Blew
and
White
Flaggs
;
and
afterwards
when
he
saw
de
Ruiter
surrounded
by
4
or
5
English
Men
of
War
,
he
flew
in
like
lightning
to
his
assistance
,
with
Captain
Balk
,
in
which
place
they
fought
on
both
sides
with
an
unconceiveable
obstinacy
,
till
at
last
the
English
letting
go
their
hold
,
and
tackt
to
the
West
,
and
then
Van
Nes
turned
his
to
the
East
because
all
his
Cartridges
being
discharged
,
he
wanted
Respite
to
charge
new
ones
,
besides
that
his
Fore-Mast
was
so
shattered
,
that
there
was
no
piecing
it
up
again
.
Rear
Admiral
Florisz
was
for
a
good
while
,
inclosed
by
6
English
Ships
,
and
fought
valiantly
,
till
Tromp
came
and
rescued
him
.
De
Wilde
,
and
the
other
Captains
Vander
Zaen
Kemper
,
&c.
Signalized
themselves
.
Likewise
Captain
Scholte
Wiglemo
after
a
long
fight
,
was
blown
up
into
the
Air
with
all
his
Men.
Some
say
,
that
being
Grapled
by
two
English
Ships
,
and
seeing
no
hopes
of
saving
himself
,
he
had
the
Courage
with
his
own
hands
,
to
set
fire
to
his
Powder
,
that
he
might
destroy
the
Enemies
at
the
same
time
he
was
going
to
perish
himself
.
There
were
likewise
some
other
Ships
on
both
sides
that
were
sunk
.
About
4
a
Clock
in
the
afternoon
,
Tromp
was
much
surprised
to
see
26
of
his
Captains
desert
the
Admiral
's
Flag
,
and
to
retire
out
of
the
fight
,
whilst
on
the
other
side
,
several
of
the
best
English
Frigats
were
detach't
,
to
go
and
fall
upon
the
Merchant
Ships
which
were
under
the
protection
of
his
Squadron
.
It
was
presumed
,
the
English
intended
to
unmast
them
,
that
being
not
able
to
follow
the
main
body
of
the
Fleet
,
they
might
with
the
more
ease
make
themselves
Mrs.
of
them
;
but
Tromp
took
care
to
prevent
the
Enemies
design
,
by
speeding
to
their
assistance
,
and
chacing
from
them
the
English
Frigats
.
This
first
days
fight
ended
not
till
night
.
It
was
found
,
that
Tromp
had
made
that
day
800
Cannon
shot
from
his
Ship
alone
,
and
that
one
single
Brass
Gun
that
was
towards
the
poop
,
had
been
discharged
70
times
.
The
Holland
Fleet
wandred
about
here
and
there
during
the
obscurity
of
the
night
,
every
vessel
endeavouring
to
repair
each
one
their
Respective
damages
,
and
to
recover
themselves
into
a
condition
to
maintain
a
second
fight
.
The
next
day
being
the
1st
.
of
March
,
Admiral
Tromp
put
up
a
White
Flag
,
and
called
together
on
board
him
the
principal
Officers
of
his
Fleet
,
and
exhorted
them
to
acquit
themselves
worthily
of
the
duty
they
ow'd
to
their
Country
,
and
to
fight
like
men
of
Honour
and
Courage
.
The
English
followed
them
close
at
the
heels
and
the
Battle
begun
again
next
day
at
10
a
Clock
in
the
morning
,
about
3
miles
to
the
North
Westward
of
the
Isle
of
Wight
.
The
English
had
the
Wind
,
but
coming
near
them
,
we
could
not
find
they
had
any
inclination
to
come
to
a
close
fight
,
they
contenting
themselves
only
with
shooting
at
our
Masts
,
Sails
,
and
Rigging
,
as
they
had
done
the
day
before
.
Tromp
had
drawn
up
his
Fleet
into
the
form
of
a
Crescent
,
to
be
the
better
able
to
cover
the
Merchant
Ships
;
and
the
English
came
up
six
several
times
,
to
endeavour
to
cutoff
those
Ships
from
the
main
body
of
the
Fleet
,
but
were
always
repulsed
.
Tromp
was
ravish'd
with
Joy
,
to
see
some
of
his
Captains
fight
more
couragiously
that
day
then
they
had
done
the
day
before
.
Captain
Van
Nes
kept
so
close
to
Tromp
,
that
he
could
easily
call
him
to
his
assistance
in
case
of
need
.
De
Ru●ter
also
gave
upon
this
occasion
,
New
proofs
of
his
bravery
;
for
after
he
had
received
his
orders
from
the
Admiral
,
he
engaged
so
far
amongst
the
thickest
of
the
Enemies
,
that
he
was
many
times
in
danger
of
being
opprest
by
them
,
and
after
noon
,
he
was
so
grievously
battered
,
that
he
was
not
able
any
longer
to
move
either
forward
or
backward
upon
which
,
Tromp
Commanded
Captain
Du●n
to
assist
de
Ruiter
to
get
off
,
and
go
out
of
the
Battle
.
Almost
at
the
same
time
,
the
Admiral
was
informed
,
that
the
Merchant
Ships
were
standing
to
the
South-East-Ward
,
upon
which
,
Captain
Van
Nes
was
detatcht
away
,
to
Command
them
by
Tromps
order
,
to
stand
to
the
East-North
East-ward
in
order
to
make
towards
the
Strait
of
Callis
.
Van
Nes
performed
his
Commission
,
and
bid
them
at
the
same
time
clap
on
more
Sail
;
but
hapning
to
come
too
late
,
and
they
having
neglected
to
execute
the
orders
given
them
,
the
English
took
their
opportunity
to
Snap
some
part
of
that
Fleet
together
with
two
Men
of
War
of
which
they
made
themselves
Mrs.
of
which
one
that
was
Commanded
by
Le
Sage
,
yielded
not
till
after
a
very
stout
Resistance
.
Of
the
Merchant
Ships
,
there
were
12
taken
,
others
were
defended
by
the
Men
of
War
,
and
part
of
them
saved
themselves
in
Havre
de
Grace
,
as
did
likewise
two
Men
of
War
that
had
lost
their
Masts
.
At
the
coming
on
of
the
night
,
an
English
Ship
took
fire
,
and
then
the
fight
ended
.
In
the
mean
while
,
some
Captains
sent
word
to
Tromp
,
that
they
wanted
Powder
,
and
were
not
in
a
condition
to
make
any
longer
resistance
,
upon
which
,
Tromp
ordered
them
to
keep
by
the
Merchant
Ships
,
and
to
make
as
fair
a
shew
as
they
could
with
their
presence
,
to
make
the
Enemy
believe
,
they
were
there
to
defend
them
;
and
then
all
things
were
disposed
to
be
in
a
readiness
for
a
third
fight
.
The
next
morning
at
break
of
day
,
the
English
were
seen
to
come
on
again
to
charge
them
.
Upon
which
,
Tromp
having
put
all
things
in
order
for
that
purpose
advanced
towards
the
Enemies
Fleet
,
with
more
Courage
and
Resolution
than
any
Forces
he
had
to
fight
them
.
For
at
most
he
had
but
one
poor
Squadron
under
his
Flag
that
had
any
Ammunition
left
,
whilst
the
Rest
were
unprovided
of
all
things
.
At
10
of
the
Clock
in
the
morning
,
the
two
Fleets
came
up
with
one
another
,
and
commenced
a
third
Battle
,
which
was
very
obstinate
and
Bloody
,
yet
without
any
great
advantage
to
the
Enemies
.
The
English
Vice-Admiral
of
the
Blew
Braved
for
some
time
the
Dutch
Admiral
,
thundring
continually
at
him
with
his
Guns
,
but
he
forbearing
to
fire
till
he
came
up
almost
close
to
his
side
,
gave
him
then
first
one
Broad-side
,
and
after
that
another
,
so
much
to
the
purpose
,
that
he
was
forc'd
to
retire
.
But
whilst
on
one
side
,
the
Valiant
Tromp
signalized
himself
,
many
of
his
Captains
basely
deserted
him
on
the
other
,
and
betook
themselves
to
a
shameful
flight
,
besides
several
others
that
were
constrained
to
it
by
pure
necessity
,
for
want
of
Powder
.
Towards
the
Evening
,
the
English
took
some
more
of
our
Merchant
Ships
.
Captain
Van
Ness
,
at
the
beginning
of
the
fight
,
advertised
them
by
order
from
the
Admiral
,
to
clap
on
all
the
Sail
they
could
,
and
make
towards
the
strait
of
Callis
;
but
those
orders
were
neglected
;
Tromp
sent
to
them
,
the
Fisc●l
,
or
Treasurer
of
his
Fleet
,
to
press
them
to
make
the
more
hast
,
but
all
in
vain
,
it
being
impossible
with
all
that
could
be
done
or
said
,
to
make
them
to
go
forwards
;
so
that
some
of
the
Enemies
Fregats
appearing
in
the
evening
,
came
and
fell
upon
the
main
Body
of
that
Fleet.
Van
Ness
did
all
he
was
able
,
to
defend
them
,
At
the
approach
of
the
night
,
Blake
made
a
shew
as
if
he
would
have
come
on
again
to
charge
the
Dutch
Fleet
,
but
Admiral
Tromp
keeping
himself
in
a
posture
ready
to
stand
the
shock
,
the
English
Admiral
retired
,
steering
his
Course
towards
the
Coasts
of
England
,
whilst
the
States
Fleet
made
sail
quietly
without
being
pursued
,
towards
the
Coasts
of
Flanders
,
and
came
to
an
Anchor
on
the
3d
of
March
,
within
three
Miles
to
the
Northwestward
of
Dunkirk
,
from
whence
they
got
into
the
Harbours
of
Holland
and
Zealand
.
These
three
successive
Battles
as
the
Dutch
would
needs
flatter
themselves
,
cost
very
nigh
as
dear
to
the
English
as
the
Dutch.
It
s
true
the
Hollanders
confess
they
lost
24
Merchants
Ships
,
but
the
English
reported
them
at
London
to
be
above
40.
These
Dutch
Men
of
War
,
viz.
the
Great
St.
Luke
,
the
Ostrich
,
the
Amity
,
and
the
Golden
Cock
were
taken
and
carried
into
Plymouth
and
Dover
;
The
Crown
,
the
Angel
Gabriel
and
Keidyk
were
sunk
,
and
Schelten
Wiglemo
blown
up
.
Among
the
Captains
that
were
kill●d
,
were
reckoned
Balk
,
Van
Zaanen
,
Port
,
Spanhem
,
Allart
,
Sipke
Fokkes
and
Regemorter
,
Schey
,
Van
Zeelst
,
and
Swers
were
made
Prisoners
.
The
number
of
men
kill'd
was
about
600
,
and
that
of
the
wounded
somewhat
more
.
De
Ruiter
having
lost
all
his
Masts
,
and
most
part
of
his
Men
,
was
forced
to
retire
before
the
end
of
the
Battel
.
On
the
side
of
the
English
,
the
Rainbow
,
the
Saturn
,
the
Sampson
,
the
Rose
,
and
Captain
Button's
Ship
were
sunk
,
and
the
Charles
Burnt
,
as
was
likewise
the
Fregat
called
the
Fairsax
,
but
that
was
done
by
the
English
themselves
at
Chatham
,
because
she
was
not
in
a
condition
to
be
made
fit
for
Service
again
.
The
Marmaduke
,
the
Merlin
,
the
Pheasant
,
the
King
David
,
the
Greyhound
,
and
the
Seven
Brothers
were
so
miserably
battered
,
that
they
never
appeared
at
Sea
since
.
The
Admiral
,
the
two
Vice-Admirals
,
and
the
Rear-Admiral
had
likewise
no
reason
to
boast
of
any
better
Treatment
.
De
Ruiter
took
from
them
the
Ship
called
the
Prosperity
.
The
number
of
men
killed
and
wounded
of
the
English
,
according
to
the
accounts
given
in
Holland
,
amounted
to
about
2000
Seamen
and
Soldiers
,
among
which
were
reckoned
the
Captains
Mildmay
,
Barker
,
Bale
,
Hall
,
Kirby
,
Dakirs
Broadbridge
,
Jeffew
,
and
Button
,
killed
,
and
Back
,
Day
,
Taduel
,
Lawson
,
and
some
others
wounded
;
to
which
,
they
add
,
that
the
number
of
the
maimed
was
very
considerable
.
But
letting
alone
those
relations
as
less
authentick
,
it
will
be
much
more
pertinent
to
our
purpose
,
to
insert
here
the
Letters
of
the
two
Admirals
,
by
which
the
truth
of
things
will
best
appear
,
and
which
party
had
the
advantage
,
and
besides
,
the
Curious
will
be
glad
to
read
such
Original
Narrations
as
those
,
because
in
them
are
many
Circumstances
reported
,
that
are
not
to
be
found
in
the
Body
of
any
History
of
those
times
.
Accordingly
we
shall
present
you
with
a
true
Copy
of
the
Letter
sent
by
Admiral
Blake
upon
this
Subject
,
to
the
Speaker
of
the
Parliament
at
Westminster
.
The
Almighty
power
of
God
in
which
we
put
all
our
trust
,
2
Chron.
20.16
.
in
these
words
.
To
morrow
go
ye
down
against
them
,
&c.
And
the
Chapter
was
scarcely
expounded
,
but
even
before
break
of
day
,
we
discovered
the
Enemies
Fleet
;
upon
which
,
we
immediately
set
Sail
,
to
make
to
them
,
and
the
Enemy
did
the
same
by
us
,
and
scarcely
were
the
two
adverse
Fleets
met
,
but
they
engaged
in
a
Battle
.
We
had
at
fi●st
the
disadvantage
,
because
the
Enemies
had
the
weather-gage
,
and
that
the
major
part
of
our
best
Ships
could
not
come
up
to
us
.
Which
was
the
cause
,
that
our
Admiral-Ship
,
the
Triumph
was
●orced
all
that
day
to
endure
the
greatest
fire
of
the
Enemies
,
whilst
the
others
at
the
same
time
were
in
no
less
peril
.
But
God
was
our
Soveraign
Protector
,
for
tho
our
Ship
had
already
lost
half
her
men
,
yet
the
courage
of
the
rest
gave
us
still
great
hopes
,
and
much
allay'd
our
grie●
for
the
loss
of
the
others
.
But
more
could
not
be
expected
from
them
than
it
pleased
God
they
should
do
,
This
Letter
seemed
very
edifying
by
the
great
shew
of
Piety
that
appeared
throughout
it
,
but
it
must
be
observed
,
that
this
was
the
stile
of
the
English
in
Cromwel's
time
,
that
able
Politician
covering
himself
usually
with
the
Cloak
of
Religion
to
make
his
Ambitious
Projects
take
effect
,
and
the
way
to
make
a
mans
Court
with
him
,
was
to
affect
a
great
shew
of
Devotion
.
The
same
Character
now
reigns
in
France
,
where
people
are
obliged
to
appear
Bigots
,
to
make
their
Fortune
,
the
Princes
humour
of
late
being
turned
wholly
that
way
.
Here
follows
now
the
Letter
Written
to
the
States
upon
the
same
occasion
,
by
Tromp
.
High
and
Mighty
Lords
,
THis
Battle
that
has
lasted
3
days
together
begun
the
last
of
February
at
9
a
Clock
in
the
morning
,
They
have
informed
me
,
that
de
Ruiter's
Squadron
which
fell
upon
the
Enemies
Rear
,
took
some
Ships
from
them
,
whilst
several
others
on
both
sides
,
were
sunk
.
As
for
our
Van
guard
of
which
I
had
the
joynt
Conduct
with
Rear
Admiral
Florisz
,
we
attackt
that
of
the
Enemies
under
the
Command
of
Blake
.
The
fight
was
fierce
and
obstinate
,
and
the
Victory
very
wavering
,
so
that
neither
of
the
Parties
had
any
cause
to
brag
of
any
advantage
they
had
.
This
was
the
success
of
the
first
days
fight
.
About
4
a
Clock
in
the
afternoon
observing
that
the
English
had
detacht
a
Squadron
of
their
nimblest
Sailors
,
to
go
and
fall
upon
the
Merchant
Fleet
,
with
design
to
burn
them
,
we
quitted
the
Fight
,
to
hasten
to
their
assistance
.
After
the
Action
was
over
,
I
sent
for
the
General
Officers
of
the
Fleet
,
Evertsz
and
De
Ruiter
,
on
board
the
Admiral
,
whilst
Florisz
was
left
to
take
care
those
Ships
of
the
Fleet
should
be
repaired
that
had
need
of
it
.
We
therefore
consulted
upon
the
present
State
of
Affairs
,
whether
it
would
be
advisable
for
us
to
leave
our
Merchant
Ships
to
their
shifts
,
to
go
and
attackt
the
Enemies
once
more
,
since
we
were
to
weak
to
spare
a
detachment
of
Men
of
War
strong
enough
to
Convoy
them
;
and
besides
that
we
had
some
grounds
to
fear
,
the
English
might
have
still
some
body
of
reserve
towards
Callis
,
or
whether
it
would
not
be
better
,
to
defend
them
,
by
making
them
keep
close
by
us
,
and
so
in
a
fighting
posture
to
wait
the
Enem●es
charge
.
And
because
we
were
in
want
of
Powder
,
order
was
given
to
husband
it
well
,
and
not
to
make
one
shot
unprofitably
.
We
discovered
to
the
East-ward
at
a
good
distance
from
us
,
the
Ship
called
the
Ostritch
so
terribly
battered
and
disabled
,
that
she
had
nothing
left
but
her
Main
,
and
Mizzen
Sa●ls
,
whereupon
,
I
ordered
de
Wilde
to
go
and
take
her
,
and
bring
her
to
the
Fleet.
As
soon
as
we
had
got
together
all
our
Sh●ps
both
Men
of
War
and
Merchants
,
we
stood
to
the
North-West
,
and
towards
evening
we
had
a
great
Calm
.
But
de
Wilde
not
being
able
to
bring
off
the
Ostritch
,
the
English
carried
her
away
next
day
to
their
Fleet.
That
day
about
11
a
Clock
,
the
Enemies
came
and
charged
us
again
.
They
had
posted
in
the
Wings
of
their
Fleet
,
five
or
six
of
their
best
Sh●ps
,
to
Endeavour
to
intercept
some
of
our
Ships
.
We
fought
all
that
day
till
the
Dusk
of
N●ght
.
Capta●n
le
Sage
of
Zealand
,
and
le
Bruin
,
Van
Zeelst
of
Amsterdam
,
and
some
Merchant
Ships
were
separated
from
the
Fleet.
Towards
evening
several
Captains
came
and
Complain'd
,
that
they
had
no
Ammunition
left
,
upon
which
,
because
I
had
on
board
the
Admiral
a
great
many
Bullets
,
8
pounders
,
I
distributed
them
amongst
those
,
who
had
Guns
of
that
Bore
.
We
still
pursued
our
Course
the
Wind
at
West-North-West
,
and
every
one
endeavoured
to
repair
their
respective
Ships
as
well
as
it
was
possible
.
On
the
2d
.
of
March
,
the
English
attackt
us
again
with
a
great
deal
of
vigour
;
and
we
had
hardly
fought
two
hours
,
but
half
of
our
Ships
had
spent
all
their
Ammunition
.
we
fired
some
guns
for
a
signal
to
them
to
come
on
board
us
,
which
they
did
.
I
placed
them
in
the
main
body
of
the
Fleet
,
and
charged
them
to
make
shew
as
if
they
wanted
nothing
,
telling
them
,
that
they
which
still
had
any
Ammunition
,
should
take
care
to
defend
them
;
so
that
I
made
a
shift
to
maintain
the
fight
till
night
,
defending
them
all
that
while
with
not
above
25
or
30
Ships
that
were
still
provided
with
Powder
and
Bullets
.
Two
hours
after
,
Blake
having
assembled
all
his
Forces
,
made
shew
as
if
he
would
fall
upon
us
once
more
.
When
I
saw
that
,
I
took
in
my
Sails
,
and
let
him
know
,
I
was
ready
to
begin
again
with
him
;
upon
which
,
after
the
Vanguards
of
the
two
Fleets
had
charged
one
another
for
some
time
,
the
English
at
length
sheer'd
off
,
to
Sea
ward
,
and
Blake
being
out
of
Cannon
shot
,
came
no
more
at
us
.
Vice-Admiral
Evertsz
coming
then
to
me
,
told
me
,
they
wanted
Powder
and
Bullets
.
When
night
was
come
,
we
hang
out
Lantherns
,
continuing
all
the
while
our
former
Course
with
a
North
North
East
Wind.
Blake
likewise
hung
out
his
Lanthenrs
,
being
to
the
Leeward
.
Towards
mid-night
,
we
lost
sight
of
the
Enemies
lights
;
and
the
next
morning
we
perceived
Callis
bearing
South-West
of
us
at
about
2
miles
d●stance
,
without
seeing
any
English
at
all
.
I
am
perswaded
,
they
are
retired
towards
the
Isle
of
Wight
to
repair
and
resit
their
Ships
,
&c.
The
success
of
this
Battle
made
so
great
a
noise
at
London
,
that
they
made
no
difficulty
to
publish
abroad
that
Tromp
,
Evertsz
,
and
de
Ruiter
were
totally
Routed
,
and
that
100
Merchant
Ships
,
and
50
Men
of
War
of
the
Dutch
were
taken
or
sunk
;
nay
,
and
this
noise
was
Echoed
over
all
Europe
;
and
was
carried
into
France
,
Sweedland
,
Denmark
,
and
to
render
what
they
affected
to
speak
of
it
,
the
more
credible
,
the
Parliament
appointed
an
Extraordinary
Thanksgiving
day
to
be
kept
on
that
occasion
;
and
what
seemed
fully
to
Authorize
so
great
a
Triumph
,
and
exalt
the
glory
of
Blake
,
was
,
that
the
Prisoners
were
led
in
a
Drove
to
Canterbury
,
under
the
Guard
of
a
Troop
of
Horse
,
and
that
in
all
the
places
through
which
they
passed
,
they
affected
to
ring
the
Bells
,
thereby
to
make
that
defeat
to
appear
the
more
signal
and
incontestable
;
tho
the
Dutch
at
the
same
time
no
less
confidently
pretended
,
that
the
Action
did
not
pass
altogether
so
much
to
the
advantage
of
the
English
,
that
they
ought
to
have
attributed
to
themselves
all
the
Glory
of
it
,
since
,
say
they
,
excepting
the
Merchant
Ships
that
fell
into
their
hands
,
the
Hollanders
had
not
much
less
right
to
pretend
to
the
Victory
than
their
Enemies
.
But
tho'
the
Arms
of
the
United
Provinces
had
received
some
Check
on
the
Occean
,
Porto
Longone
.
They
resolved
then
,
that
as
soon
as
Bodley
should
have
weighed
Anchor
,
Appleton
should
slip
out
of
Legorn
in
order
to
go
and
joyn
him
,
and
to
attack
the
Hollanders
with
their
United
Force
.
On
the
12th
.
of
March
at
the
Dusk
of
night
,
the
Dutch
begun
to
discover
Bodley's
Squadron
,
and
the
day
following
,
four
of
his
Ships
came
nearer
,
followed
by
the
rest
that
appeared
to
be
still
at
about
4
or
5
miles
distance
from
the
former
.
The
Forces
of
the
Hollanders
consisted
of
16
Men
of
War
and
a
Fire-Ship
,
besides
6
or
7
Merchant
Ships
that
came
from
the
Streights
,
to
whom
the
Dutch
Commanders
declared
,
That
if
they
would
take
part
with
them
in
the
Battle
,
they
should
share
with
them
in
the
Booty
.
As
to
the
Forces
of
the
English
,
they
were
reduced
to
two
Squadrons
,
whereof
one
was
of
6
and
the
other
was
of
7
Men
of
War
,
besides
a
Flute
and
a
Fire-Ship
.
According
to
the
project
concerted
between
Bodley
and
Appleton
,
this
latter
was
not
to
come
out
of
Legorn
,
till
Bodley
had
begun
the
fight
.
Bodley
accordingly
detacht
out
3
of
his
Men
of
War
and
a
Fire-Ship
,
to
go
and
brave
the
Hollanders
,
who
seeing
Appleton
offered
not
to
stir
out
,
thought
it
necessary
to
use
a
Stratagem
,
by
making
as
if
they
would
go
out
against
Bodley
,
and
in
effect
they
tackt
about
after
him
,
but
keeping
their
Eye
still
upon
the
Harbour
,
being
impatient
to
see
Appleton
weigh
Anchor
;
who
thinking
the
Hollanders
would
indeed
have
pursued
their
way
,
to
make
up
to
Bodley
,
ventures
at
length
to
come
out
with
his
Squadron
of
6
Men
of
War
,
which
the
Hollanders
no
sooner
perceived
,
De
Galen
attacks
the
English
in
the
Mediteranean
.
but
immediately
veering
back
,
they
fell
all
on
a
sudden
upon
him
.
De
Galen
attackt
the
Bonaventure
carrying
40
Guns
,
and
180
men
,
and
without
giving
him
time
to
make
ready
for
a
defence
,
he
fired
at
him
several
broad
sides
,
one
after
another
,
so
thick
,
that
at
last
a
Bullet
chancing
to
penetrate
into
her
Powder-Room
,
she
was
blown
up
into
the
Air
with
all
her
men
,
except
6
or
7
Seamen
that
were
saved
.
That
disaster
extreamly
discouraged
the
English
,
and
raised
the
courage
of
their
Enemies
.
Appleton
Commanded
in
the
Ship
call'd
the
Leopard
,
carrying
54
Guns
,
and
near
200
men
.
He
was
attackt
by
the
Ships
the
Sun
and
the
Julus
Caesar
,
who
battered
him
in
a
most
terrible
manner
.
Tromp
the
Son
who
was
then
advanced
to
the
Office
of
a
Rear-Admiral
,
Cornelius
Tromp
made
Rear
Admiral
.
Commanded
in
the
Ship
called
the
Moon
,
vacant
by
the
death
of
Captain
Bont
,
who
was
killed
in
the
fight
of
Monte
Christo
;
he
attackt
the
Samson
,
carrying
40
Guns
,
and
130
Men.
He
fought
with
so
much
the
more
valour
,
because
he
still
remembred
the
affront
he
lately
suffered
in
the
Phoenix
;
so
that
coming
to
Board
her
,
after
he
had
grapled
her
,
he
powred
into
her
so
great
a
number
of
Seamen
,
that
she
was
forced
to
yield
.
But
in
the
mean
time
there
was
a
Dutch
Fire-Ship
,
that
slipping
along
cunningly
by
the
other
side
of
the
English
Ship
,
under
the
favourable
covert
of
a
thick
smoak
,
and
grapling
her
,
the
flames
overrun
her
with
such
Rapidity
,
that
they
penetrated
into
her
Powder-Room
,
and
blew
her
up
.
But
the
men
in
her
had
better
luck
than
those
in
the
Bonaventure
,
the
most
part
of
them
being
saved
by
the
Dutch
Boats
.
The
Ship
called
the
Levant
Merchant
was
attackt
by
the
Captains
,
Forme
and
de
Ham
,
who
likewise
boarding
her
,
forced
her
to
yield
at
Discretion
,
after
the
fight
,
she
was
carried
into
Legorn
.
The
Ship
called
the
Traveller
being
attackt
by
de
Vries
and
Boutebotter
,
was
also
constrained
to
undergo
the
same
Treatment
.
Amidst
these
Transactions
,
an
Engl●sh
Fire-Ship
was
played
at
the
Dutch
Rear-Admiral
,
to
burn
him
but
de
Gal●n
espying
her
coming
,
sunk
her
with
his
Cannon
.
The
Ships
called
the
Sun
and
Julius
Coesar
,
battered
Appleton's
sides
,
who
seeing
himself
deserted
by
Bodley
,
defended
himself
like
a
man
in
despair
,
and
obliged
the
Aggressors
to
retire
.
But
Captain
de
Boet
having
at
last
grapled
him
,
encouraged
the
other
two
to
come
on
and
charge
him
again
;
so
that
Appleton
seeing
no
less
than
three
Enemies
upon
him
at
once
,
despaired
of
saving
himself
,
and
in
that
humour
was
going
to
set
fire
to
the
Powder
,
but
his
men
having
hindred
him
from
executing
that
horrid
design
,
he
was
forced
to
yield
the
Leopard
which
he
Commanded
,
having
80
men
kill'd
,
and
60
wounded
.
Of
6
Ships
of
which
Appleton's
Squadron
was
Composed
,
there
were
5
destroyed
or
Mastered
,
there
was
but
one
left
,
called
the
Marie
,
which
making
use
of
her
sails
instead
of
her
guns
,
saved
her self
by
flying
towards
Bodl●y
,
who
with
his
Squadron
of
8
Ships
,
tho'
he
had
the
Weather-gage
,
did
nothing
during
the
whole
fight
,
but
make
some
discharges
with
his
Guns
against
the
Dutch
Captains
,
Sybrant
Mol
,
Rijkhoven
,
Slortz
,
Oosterwout
,
Roodhaas
,
Govertsz
,
and
Viotnhoven
:
But
as
soon
as
he
heard
of
the
defeat
of
Appleton
,
he
put
up
all
his
sails
,
and
betook
himself
to
flight
.
Tromp
would
have
given
him
chace
with
some
of
the
Ships
that
were
least
endamaged
,
but
the
night
coming
on
,
he
stole
away
by
favour
of
the
darkness
,
and
so
escaped
the
pursuits
of
the
Victors
.
De
Galen
mortally
wounded
in
the
fight
.
But
the
Glorious
advantages
the
Dutch
had
thus
newly
gained
,
were
traversed
by
the
loss
of
him
that
had
the
most
contributed
thereto
,
and
who
had
managed
that
Action
with
all
imaginable
Conduct
and
Prudence
.
This
Valiant
Man
being
on
board
in
his
Post
,
had
his
right
leg
shot
off
by
the
second
Cannon
ball
that
was
shot
at
his
Ship
,
but
yet
that
his
men
might
not
be
discouraged
,
he
for
some
time
conceal'd
his
hurt
;
till
the
Mrs.
chief
Mate
of
his
Ship
,
being
the
first
that
perceived
it
,
represented
to
him
,
that
he
lost
so
much
Blood
that
he
would
be
in
evident
danger
of
his
life
,
if
it
were
not
instantly
stopt
.
He
was
therefore
carried
down
into
the
Hold
,
where
his
Leg
was
saw'd
off
below
the
knee
;
and
a
glass
of
Wine
being
presented
him
to
fortifie
his
heart
,
he
drunk
it
of
as
briskly
as
if
he
had
felt
no
harm
,
after
which
,
he
lay
down
,
saying
these
words
:
The
English
King-killers
shall
pay
for
all
.
He
was
hardly
drest
but
he
would
needs
be
carried
up
again
to
be
a
spectator
of
the
rest
of
the
fight
,
but
he
was
so
extreamly
weakned
,
that
his
people
would
not
obey
him
in
that
point
.
All
that
he
could
do
then
in
the
pitifull
plight
he
was
in
,
to
satisfie
that
desire
of
Glory
that
accompanies
all
Hero's
to
their
last
gasp
,
was
to
encourage
his
men
by
his
discourses
;
and
as
soon
as
he
heard
,
the
English
had
betaken
themselves
to
flight
,
he
Commanded
his
men
without
losing
of
time
immediately
to
hoist
up
all
their
sails
,
and
to
pursue
them
,
but
they
being
got
already
a
great
way
off
,
the
night
put
a
stop
to
the
intentions
of
the
Victors
,
who
were
forced
to
return
to
an
Anchor
in
the
road
of
Legorn
.
The
English
lost
in
this
Action
,
6
Men
of
War
,
of
which
one
was
sunk
,
3
were
taken
,
and
2
burnt
.
And
they
had
286
men
killed
,
293
wounded
,
and
some
made
Prisoners
.
The
Hollanders
loss
amounted
to
123
men
kill'd
,
and
near
as
many
wounded
,
and
one
Ship
call'd
,
the
Madonna
Della
Vignia
was
also
lost
.
Admiral
de
Galen
J.
V.
Vondel
.
Hier
Legt
in
't
graf
van
eer
de
Dappre
van
Galen
,
Die
eerst
ging
buit
op
buit
Castilien
ashaalen
;
En
met
en
leeuwenhert
,
naby't
Toskaner
strand
,
De
Britten
heeft
verjaagd
,
veroverd
en
verbrand
.
Which
may
be
thus
Englished
.
The
Stout
de
Galen
here
in
honours
bed
is
laid
,
Fam'd
for
the
Rich
Booties
he
on
the
Spaniards
made
;
Who
with
heart
undaunted
attackt
the
English
Fleet
,
And
near
the
Tuscan
shore
;
gave
them
a
sore
defeat
:
And
took
and
burnt
their
Ships
,
to
serve
him
for
a
light
Down
to
the
Gloomy
shades
,
and
so
bid
us
good
night
.
Above
the
Tomb
there
is
an
Oval
Table
of
Black
Marble
,
flourisht
all
round
with
Flaggs
,
Standards
,
Streamers
,
Pikes
,
and
all
the
Arms
used
in
Sea-Fights
.
And
thereupon
is
Engraven
the
following
Latin
Epitaph
in
Letters
of
Gold
.
Generosissimo
Heroi
Johanni
a
Galen
,
Essensi
.
Qui
ob
res
saepe
fortiter
&
feliciter
gestas
,
Sexies
uno
anno
Duinkerkanorum
Praedatoriam
Navem
captam
,
&
a
Barbaris
opima
spolia
Reportata
,
Ordinum
Classi
in
Mari
Mediterraneo
praefectus
,
memorabili
praelio
ad
Livornam
,
Deo
Auxiliante
,
Anglorum
navibus
captis
,
fugatis
,
incendio
&
submersione
deletis
,
Commercium
cum
dicti
Maris
Accolis
restituit
,
Idibus
Martii
An.
1653
,
&
altero
pede
truncatus
,
nono
die
post
victoriam
,
Annos
natus
48
,
obit
,
ut
in
secula
per
Gloriam
viveret
,
Illustris
.
&
praepot
,
Foederat
.
Belgii
Ordinum
Decreto
Nob.
&
Pot.
Senatus
Archithalas
.
qui
est
Amstelodami
.
M.
H.
P.
Which
we
have
rendred
in
English
thus
.
To
the
most
Generous
Hero
John
de
Galen
of
Essen
.
WHO
for
his
many
couragious
and
successful
Exploits
;
for
having
in
one
year
taken
six
Dunkirk
Privatiers
,
and
brought
away
many
rich
spoils
from
the
Barbarians
,
being
afterwards
made
Admiral
of
the
States
Fleet
in
the
Mediterranean
,
having
in
a
memorable
Battle
near
Legorn
,
by
the
help
of
God
,
taken
,
put
to
flight
,
burnt
and
sunk
the
Ships
of
the
English
,
restored
Commerce
again
with
the
inhabitants
of
those
Coasts
;
on
the
15th
of
March
1653.
And
having
lost
one
of
his
Legs
,
he
expir'd
on
the
9th
.
day
after
the
victory
,
aged
48
years
:
And
that
he
might
live
by
his
Glorious
Fame
,
to
all
succeeding
Ages
,
By
order
of
the
Most
Illustrious
and
Mighty
States
of
the
Vnited
Netherlands
,
the
Senate
of
the
Admiralty
of
Amsterdam
have
erected
to
him
this
Monument
.
When
Bodley
was
got
back
to
London
,
Appleton
charged
him
with
the
loss
of
the
Battel
,
with
so
much
the
more
grounds
of
probability
,
because
the
Captains
of
the
States
Fleet
that
were
returned
to
Amsterdam
,
gave
a
noble
Testimony
of
the
Bravery
of
this
latter
.
The
Subject
of
Appleton's
Complaint
,
was
,
That
Bodley
had
not
performed
his
promise
,
but
had
basely
left
him
to
be
a
Victim
to
his
Enemies
;
but
that
difference
was
not
decided
.
The
Council
of
England
being
grown
somewhat
more
sensible
of
the
complaints
made
by
the
people
of
Great
Britain
,
That
the
great
prosperities
that
England
had
enjoyed
for
some
years
past
,
by
its
Conquests
and
the
Battles
which
its
Armies
had
won
for
the
security
of
the
people
of
the
three
Kingdoms
,
being
a
very
sensible
token
of
the
Blessing
of
God
,
they
had
been
guilty
of
so
hainous
an
ingratitude
as
not
to
behave
themselves
thankfully
to
him
for
the
same
:
For
that
wickedness
,
and
all
manner
of
Vices
were
so
increased
,
that
they
were
seen
to
domineer
with
so
much
insolence
,
that
a
general
Subversion
was
to
be
feared
of
all
the
affairs
of
the
Government
;
and
that
therefore
the
necessity
of
the
time
was
so
pressing
,
that
it
required
speedy
Remedies
;
That
it
was
not
to
be
doubted
,
but
that
the
over
long
sitting
of
Parliaments
was
an
inexhaustible
Fountain
of
Troubles
and
Disorders
in
the
State
.
That
the
Peace
and
Quiet
of
the
Commonwealth
was
best
secured
by
making
a
fit
Choice
and
Election
of
Members
to
serve
in
Parliament
,
that
were
good
men
fearing
God
,
to
succeed
in
the
places
of
others
at
certain
limited
times
,
that
so
a
free
power
might
not
degenerate
into
a
Tyranny
.
That
all
things
ought
to
be
regulated
as
might
best
conduce
to
the
common
good
and
preservation
of
the
people
,
by
discharging
them
of
Taxes
and
burthensome
Impositions
,
and
by
making
Religion
flourish
,
and
propagating
the
Gospel
every
where
;
That
provision
ought
to
be
made
for
the
Pastors
;
and
that
Liberty
of
Conscience
ought
to
be
granted
to
all
,
except
to
the
Popish
Religion
,
and
Idolatrous
Superstitions
.
The
Queen
of
Sweden
,
writ
almost
at
the
same
time
,
That
she
had
heard
with
a
very
sensible
displeasure
,
by
the
reports
that
were
spread
abroad
about
them
,
in
her
Capital
City
,
of
the
Disputes
that
had
newly
kindled
a
War
between
Holland
and
England
;
That
she
thought
her self
obliged
,
in
consideration
of
the
common
friendship
she
had
with
them
both
,
to
propose
some
means
to
reconcile
,
if
possible
,
the
two
Nations
;
That
the
Sieur
Appleboon
that
was
her
Envoy
at
the
Hague
,
would
wait
the
States
Answer
concerning
the
mediation
she
offered
them
;
adding
,
that
she
had
also
made
the
same
offers
to
the
Republick
of
England
.
The
laudable
Cantons
of
Swisserland
were
likewise
no
less
concern'd
at
all
these
disorders
,
than
Queen
Christina
.
And
therefore
writ
also
to
the
States
,
to
offer
their
Mediation
.
The
States
of
Holland
on
their
side
,
who
desired
nothing
more
then
Peace
,
writ
a
Letter
to
the
Parliament
of
England
,
which
was
made
publick
,
which
imported
,
That
God
,
the
Just
Revenger
of
Crimes
,
seeing
they
were
come
to
their
full
ripeness
,
The
Parliament
assembled
at
Westminster
,
having
Read
their
High
and
Mightinesses
Letter
,
sent
an
Answer
to
the
States
General
,
and
another
to
the
States
of
Holland
.
The
first
of
which
intimated
,
That
the
Sincere
Amity
of
which
the
English
had
given
sufficient
proofs
to
the
Hollanders
at
all
times
,
was
well
known
to
all
the
world
;
That
besides
that
,
they
might
rely
upon
the
Passion
they
had
,
to
re-establish
the
ancient
Peace
and
Amity
between
the
two
Nations
;
That
the
Parliament
were
not
inclined
to
continue
the
War
with
an
Ally
which
the
ties
of
Religion
ought
to
render
inseparable
from
them
;
but
that
rather
they
were
ready
to
do
any
reasonable
thing
in
order
to
stifle
these
troubles
in
their
beginning
,
that
so
they
might
amicably
come
to
an
accommodation
.
The
Letter
which
the
Parliament
of
England
writ
to
the
States
of
Holland
,
was
to
this
effect
,
viz.
THat
since
the
happy
Revolution
that
had
changed
England
into
a
Commonwealth
,
At
the
same
time
,
Mr.
Appleboon
presented
a
writing
at
the
Hague
,
to
the
States
General
in
the
Queen
of
Swedland's
name
,
which
was
to
this
effect
:
That
her
Majesty
did
not
so
much
as
pretend
to
penetrate
into
the
bottom
of
their
Affairs
,
having
no
other
end
in
so
pressing
an
occasion
,
but
to
manifest
the
sincere
desire
she
had
to
mediate
a
Peace
between
the
two
Republicks
,
so
much
the
rather
,
because
her
Majesty
,
and
particularly
the
late
King
her
Father
had
always
lived
in
perfect
good
intelligence
with
the
Vnited
Provinces
;
That
't
was
to
be
feared
,
if
they
too
obstinately
persisted
in
a
War
with
England
,
it
would
prove
a
fountain
of
irreparable
mischiefs
:
That
her
Majesty
offered
her
Mediation
,
and
that
if
the
States
thought
fit
to
accept
it
,
he
would
wait
for
the
necessary
instructions
to
enable
him
to
make
a
more
particular
Overture
of
it
to
the
Plenipotentiaries
.
The
States
General
made
answer
to
the
Parliaments
Letter
:
That
the
inclination
they
always
had
had
for
Peace
,
and
for
maintaining
a
strait
and
inviolable
Vnion
with
England
,
was
well
known
to
the
Council
of
State
,
nay
,
and
to
all
the
wo●ld
:
And
that
they
were
ready
on
their
side
to
use
all
sorts
of
reasonable
means
,
to
put
a
stop
to
the
dismal
consequences
of
so
fatal
a
War
,
and
disposed
,
to
send
Plenipotentiaries
with
full
power
,
for
that
purpose
,
to
any
Neuter
place
that
should
be
agreed
upon
.
The
Parliament
having
discontinued
their
sitting
,
there
was
nothing
left
at
the
Helm
but
the
Council
of
State
,
and
Cromwell
remained
the
sole
Arbiter
of
all
the
Affairs
of
the
Government
,
who
replied
to
the
Letter
of
the
States
General
:
That
the
change
that
had
newly
happned
in
England
,
had
not
at
all
changed
the
just
inclinations
the
Nation
had
for
Peace
:
That
the
offers
the
last
Parliament
had
made
by
their
Letter
to
the
States
General
,
and
to
the
States
of
Holland
to
renew
Mr.
de
Heemsted's
Negotiation
,
and
pacifie
the
Troubles
between
the
two
Nations
were
approved
by
the
Council
of
State
;
That
if
they
would
prevent
the
Obstacles
that
might
happen
in
the
way
,
there
was
grounds
to
hope
for
a
perfect
union
and
perpetual
good
correspondence
between
England
and
Holland
;
and
that
the
project
of
it
would
without
contradiction
be
the
sooner
advanced
,
if
the
Disputes
about
chosing
a
neuter
place
for
the
Ambassadors
of
both
Parties
to
treat
in
,
did
not
drill
on
the
Negotiation
to
too
great
a
length
;
especially
considering
that
affairs
were
then
in
such
a
posture
as
would
admit
of
no
delays
:
And
that
as
soon
as
their
Plenipotentiaries
should
be
arrived
thither
from
the
Hague
,
the
Council
of
State
would
be
ready
to
enter
into
Conference
with
them
,
with
a
promise
,
to
neglect
nothing
that
might
conduce
to
the
facilitating
of
an
accomodation
.
Upon
all
these
fair
appearances
,
the
United
Provinces
dispatcht
away
Mr.
de
Bevering
,
and
Mr.
de
Nieuport
,
Ambassadors
from
the
States
of
Holland
,
Mr.
Vander
Perre
,
from
those
of
Zealand
,
and
Mr.
Jongstal
,
from
the
States
of
Friseland
.
Whilst
they
were
thus
flattering
themselves
with
Peace
,
the
States
were
minded
to
reward
the
merit
of
those
that
had
signalized
themselves
in
the
last
Battle
.
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
had
a
chain
of
Gold
valued
at
2000
Livers
;
The
Vice-Admirals
de
Wit
,
Evertsz
,
and
de
Ruiter
had
each
of
them
one
of
1500
Livers
;
and
the
other
Officers
,
were
gratified
by
the
Council
of
the
Admiralty
,
every
one
according
to
their
deserts
.
But
the
Captains
Lueas
,
Albertsz
,
Reinier
,
Sikkema
,
Look
,
Hansbek
,
Ewood
,
Heironymus
,
Allard
,
Jansz
and
others
that
had
behaved
themselves
Cowardly
,
were
punished
.
The
United
Provinces
hoping
quickly
to
see
an
end
put
to
the
troubles
that
had
kindled
that
War
,
begun
to
retrench
a
part
of
the
vast
expences
they
were
by
it
obliged
to
be
at
.
The
Fleet
being
ready
to
sail
,
Tromp
thought
fit
,
to
divide
it
into
5
Squadrons
.
The
first
was
under
his
own
Conduct
,
and
had
de
Wilde
for
Vice-Admiral
,
and
Vander
Abel
for
Rear-Admiral
;
the
2d
.
was
to
be
Commanded
by
the
two
Brothers
,
John
,
and
Cornelius
Evertsz
,
the
first
as
Lieutenant
,
and
the
other
as
Vice-Admiral
,
and
by
Captain
Kemp
,
as
Rear-Admiral
;
The
3d.
was
to
be
under
the
Conduct
of
de
Wit
,
as
Lieutenant
Admiral
,
having
Captain
Lapper
for
Vice-Admiral
,
and
Kleidyk
for
Rear-Admiral
;
The
4th
.
was
to
be
Commanded
by
de
Ruiter
,
as
Lieutenant
Admiral
,
having
Captain
Van
Oven
for
Vice-Admiral
,
and
Hartman
for
Rear-Admiral
;
And
lastly
the
5th
.
was
to
be
under
the
Direction
of
Florisz
,
as
Lieutentant
Admiral
,
and
was
to
have
Kampen
,
for
Vice
Admiral
,
and
Jaarsveld
,
for
Rear-Admiral
.
The
English
Fleet
was
divided
into
3
Squadrons
;
The
First
under
the
Red
Flag
,
was
Commanded
by
the
Admirals
Dean
and
Monk
,
who
were
to
be
together
in
the
Ship
called
,
the
Resolution
;
the
two
others
under
the
Blew
.
Flag
,
were
Commanded
by
Vice-Admiral
Pen
,
and
Rear-Admiral
Lawson
.
Their
whole
Fleet
consisted
of
105
Men
of
War
,
among
which
were
26
Frigats
newly
built
.
There
were
in
it
16269
men
,
and
2840
Guns
.
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
having
received
the
chief
Command
of
the
Fleet
,
was
not
at
all
satisfied
at
it
;
having
by
writing
,
declared
to
the
States
General
,
Yet
his
discontent
was
so
much
the
better
grounded
,
because
he
was
obliged
to
put
to
Sea
,
with
a
great
Number
of
small
vessels
ill
provided
for
War
,
accompanied
with
a
great
many
Cowardly
and
unexperienc'd
Officers
,
whereby
it
was
to
be
considered
,
he
must
needs
not
only
expose
his
life
,
but
likewise
that
great
Reputation
he
had
gotten
by
so
many
brave
Exploits
.
But
time
would
not
then
permit
the
States
to
Redress
so
many
grievances
at
once
.
'T
is
True
,
that
at
the
instances
made
by
the
States
of
Holland
,
a
Resolution
was
taken
to
build
30
new
men
of
War
of
sufficient
bigness
to
withstand
the
English
,
but
that
was
a
work
required
time
;
and
in
the
mean
while
,
Tromp
was
fain
to
make
shift
with
those
sorry
ones
he
had
already
,
for
want
of
better
,
which
at
that
Juncture
were
not
to
be
had
.
The
Orders
he
had
from
the
States
General
,
imported
,
that
he
should
Convoy
towards
the
North
of
Scotland
,
a
Fleet
of
200
Merchant
Ships
bound
for
France
and
Spain
,
and
should
Conduct
back
those
other
Ships
that
should
be
arrived
in
that
Sea
from
divers
places
.
The
Admirals
Dean
and
Monk
,
who
as
we
have
said
,
had
the
joynt
Command
in
chief
of
the
English
Fleet
,
being
informed
of
these
Orders
,
resolved
to
be
beforehand
with
Tromp
,
by
attacking
him
before
his
Junction
with
the
Zealand
Squadron
,
and
other
Ships
designed
for
his
Re-inforcement
;
but
they
came
a
day
too
late
,
so
that
a
few
poor
Fishermen
were
forced
to
bear
the
brunt
of
the
displeasure
they
had
conceived
for
so
unluckily
missing
their
blow
.
There
were
54
of
them
then
in
Terreer
Road
newly
came
from
Zerikzee
,
of
which
47
were
destroyed
;
and
of
two
Ships
that
served
them
for
Convoys
there
was
one
that
had
but
4
Guns
,
and
yet
defended
her self
so
valiantly
that
the
English
Frigats
were
forced
a
while
to
let
her
alone
,
but
at
last
being
attackt
by
a
great
man
of
War
,
she
was
forced
to
yield
.
Monk
and
Dean
were
informed
by
the
Prisoners
taken
on
that
occasion
,
of
the
State
of
the
Dutch
Fleet
,
and
then
they
put
them
a
shore
,
upon
promise
they
should
never
serve
against
the
English
,
after
they
had
used
all
their
flatteries
they
could
,
to
no
purpose
,
to
court
them
into
the
service
of
England
.
The
two
English
Admirals
writ
the
following
Letter
to
the
Parliament
,
to
inform
them
of
what
had
past
.
de
Wit
to
prevent
us
by
steering
away
to
the
Northward
,
with
a
great
number
of
Merchant
Ships
,
as
well
to
Convoy
them
that
way
,
as
to
Reconduct
the
Ships
they
should
find
there
,
coming
from
France
,
but
especially
those
returned
from
the
East-Indies
.
In
the
mean
while
,
we
doubt
not
but
you
have
heard
of
the
new
prosperities
which
it
has
pleased
God
to
heap
upon
us
,
having
put
us
in
a
Condition
,
to
strike
terrour
into
the
heart
of
the
Enemies
Country
,
by
a
descent
upon
their
Coasts
,
which
was
followed
by
several
advantages
,
and
chiefly
by
the
taking
of
50
Fishing
vessels
newly
come
from
Zerikzee
.
We
have
put
all
the
Country
in
Alarm
,
for
fear
we
should
make
an
irruption
,
and
that
we
should
make
use
for
that
effect
,
of
the
vessels
we
have
taken
from
them
.
However
,
't
is
a
great
mortification
to
the
Poor
Inhabitants
of
Zerikzee
,
and
a
great
loss
to
the
whole
Country
,
because
they
us'd
to
furnish
Fish
to
the
Towns
of
Amsterdam
and
Rotterdam
.
We
flatter
our selves
with
the
hopes
,
we
shall
quickly
meet
with
Tromp
.
May
it
please
God
to
favour
the
desires
of
those
that
pray
for
us
.
'T
is
true
,
the
English
had
begun
to
carry
the
Terrour
of
their
Arms
to
our
Coasts
near
the
Texel
and
the
Helder
,
but
having
landed
some
men
,
they
were
received
with
so
much
courage
and
Resolution
,
as
made
them
have
little
stomach
to
venture
again
upon
such
another
attempt
.
The
13th
.
and
the
14th
.
of
May
,
the
English
Fleet
saild
towards
the
Coasts
of
Zealand
,
and
on
the
15th
,
the
two
Fleets
came
within
5
miles
one
of
another
,
yet
without
meeting
together
.
Our
Merchant
Fleet
consisting
of
300
sail
having
fetcht
a
Compass
about
Scotland
,
by
the
greatest
happiness
in
the
world
was
already
safe
arrived
into
our
Ports
,
without
seeing
any
Enemies
by
the
way
.
Tromp
having
Convoyed
our
Merchant
Ships
to
the
Northward
as
far
as
Hitland
,
and
not
finding
those
there
that
were
to
come
from
France
,
and
which
he
had
Orders
to
Conduct
home
,
returned
towards
the
Coast
of
Holland
,
about
the
end
of
the
Month
;
and
entred
into
the
Meuse
,
where
he
received
a
Re-inforcement
of
17
Men
of
War
and
one
Fire-Ship
brought
him
by
Rear
Admiral
Florisz
from
Zealand
,
upon
which
he
went
to
Goree
to
take
the
Admiral
Ship
,
the
Brederode
which
was
there
repaired
,
having
been
extreamly
endamaged
in
the
last
fight
.
On
Witsunday
,
Tromp
had
a
Conference
with
three
Deputies
of
the
States
General
:
The
Result
of
their
Consultation
,
was
that
Tromp
should
make
towards
the
Downs
of
England
,
in
hopes
to
meet
there
with
some
of
the
Parliaments
Ships
.
On
the
4th
.
of
June
they
discovered
some
of
them
to
the
Northward
,
upon
which
holding
a
Council
of
War
,
it
was
resolved
that
de
Ruiter
with
his
Squadron
joyntly
with
Rear-Admiral
Florisz
,
should
steer
to
the
Southward
,
whilst
Tromp
with
Vice-Admiral
de
Wit
should
move
to
the
Northward
,
that
so
by
shutting
up
the
Enemies
Squadrons
within
the
Downs
,
they
might
attack
them
with
the
greater
effect
.
But
the
English
,
especially
Bodley
,
who
was
returned
with
a
Squadron
of
8
men
of
War
,
and
8
Merchant
Ships
,
from
the
Mediteranean
,
were
come
to
an
Anchor
under
the
Castles
of
the
Downs
,
of
which
Tromp
had
had
advice
;
Bodley
to
escape
him
,
had
removed
to
the
Westward
,
so
that
Admiral
Florisz
coming
thither
first
,
found
no
more
but
two
little
Ships
that
were
retired
under
the
Cannon
of
the
Castles
of
Dover
,
and
the
Downs
,
the
Dutch
begun
then
to
Cannonade
them
briskly
,
to
which
they
returned
as
vigorously
;
But
the
Hollanders
at
length
getting
nearer
Dover
,
found
in
that
road
5
small
vessels
,
of
which
three
were
taken
,
tho'
they
had
at
the
very
first
sight
of
our
Ships
,
cut
their
Cables
,
to
escape
,
the
fourth
fled
,
and
the
fifth
which
was
a
Frigat
retired
quite
under
the
Castle
.
The
English
fired
most
terribly
from
the
Castle
of
Dover
upon
the
Hollanders
,
but
Tromp
answered
them
so
vigorously
,
that
all
the
Inhabitants
of
the
Country
were
alarmed
at
it
,
knowing
not
where
to
flie
,
and
durst
not
stay
in
their
Houses
which
they
saw
unroofed
by
the
Hollanders
Cannon
balls
.
After
that
Expedition
,
Tromp
advanced
towards
Swartness
,
where
being
informed
,
that
the
English
Fleet
had
appeared
near
the
Vlie
,
he
thereupon
resolved
to
go
in
search
of
them
,
and
on
the
24th
.
having
discovered
them
over
against
Newport
,
he
made
up
directly
to
them
.
The
Dutch
Fleet
was
then
composed
of
98
men
of
War
,
but
all
of
them
much
smaller
,
and
nothing
near
so
well
provided
for
War
,
as
those
of
the
English
.
The
Wind
was
North-East
,
and
the
English
had
the
Weather-gage
.
The
two
Fleets
having
remained
some
time
in
presence
of
one
another
,
without
any
offer
made
by
the
English
,
to
attack
the
Hollanders
,
Tromp
did
all
he
could
by
Luffing
to
get
up
to
them
;
when
he
came
nigh
them
,
the
English
began
at
length
to
cast
their
Fleet
into
a
line
of
Battle
,
and
divided
it
into
three
Squadrons
.
They
at
first
made
a
Motion
with
design
to
enclose
the
Dutch
within
a
Crescent
,
but
when
they
saw
the
others
observe
them
very
narrowly
,
and
seem
resolved
to
stand
them
,
their
Squadrons
joyned
again
,
and
advanced
within
Cannon
shot
of
their
Enemy
;
and
then
Monk
and
Dean
gave
the
signal
for
Battle
and
so
the
two
Fleets
engaged
about
11
a
Clock
before
noon
.
The
Wind
being
North
West
favoured
De
Ruiter's
Squadron
,
so
that
he
taking
advantage
of
that
opportunity
fell
upon
the
English
,
and
got
the
Weather-gage
of
them
,
and
then
the
two
Fleets
most
vigorously
charged
one
another
Admiral
Dean
was
killed
by
one
of
the
first
shot
that
flew
from
the
Hollanders
;
Lawson
at
the
head
of
9
or
10
Frigats
,
advanc'd
with
intent
to
intercept
the
Captains
Vander
Zaan
,
and
Joost
Bulter
,
of
Groningen
,
who
made
great
resistance
,
but
at
length
Bulter's
Ship
,
called
the
Camel
,
having
received
4
or
5
shot
between
Wind
and
Water
,
was
forced
to
yield
,
and
presently
after
sunk
:
Bulter
who
was
wounded
in
the
middle
of
his
Body
with
a
splinter
,
died
with
his
drawn
hanger
in
his
hand
,
and
was
swallowed
up
half
dead
by
the
Waves
with
part
of
his
wounded
men
;
the
rest
of
the
Ships
crew
saved
themselves
on
board
Vander
Zaan
,
who
ran
great
hazard
of
being
involv'd
in
the
same
misfortune
as
Bulter
,
being
likewise
surrounded
by
the
Enemies
,
but
at
last
he
made
his
way
through
them
by
sinking
one
of
their
Ships
.
Tromp
made
all
imaginable
efforts
to
grapple
the
English
Admiral
,
but
never
could
get
near
enough
to
him
.
While
they
were
fighting
,
the
wind
hapning
quite
to
fall
,
the
English
White
Squadron
was
by
that
means
separated
from
the
rest
of
their
Fleet
;
the
Hollanders
willing
to
improve
that
opportunity
,
advanced
with
design
to
intercept
it
,
whilst
the
English
on
the
other
,
did
all
they
could
,
to
rejoin
their
Forces
,
but
before
they
could
effect
it
,
the
Dutch
pressed
close
upon
the
English
Blue
Squadron
,
and
with
broad-sides
made
their
way
through
the
English
Fleet.
The
Victory
having
a
long
time
Wavered
,
begun
then
to
declare
it self
for
the
Hollanders
,
who
making
their
Enemies
give
way
,
pursued
them
,
but
a
great
disorder
hapning
in
their
Fleet
,
the
English
knew
so
well
to
make
their
advantage
of
it
,
that
they
gained
the
Weather-gage
of
them
,
which
gave
life
to
a
second
Engagement
no
less
bloody
than
the
first
,
and
which
caused
the
destruction
of
the
most
part
of
the
Ships
that
composed
both
the
Fleets
.
About
9
at
night
another
English
Ship
was
burnt
,
but
they
continued
still
fighting
till
the
night
parted
them
;
And
then
the
English
stood
to
the
Northward
,
and
the
Hollanders
to
the
South-ward
;
but
unfortunately
,
when
the
Enemies
were
already
retired
out
of
Canon
shot
,
as
Captain
Van
Velzen
was
firing
off
his
last
shot
,
his
Powder
took
fire
,
and
blew
up
his
Ship
with
almost
all
his
Men
,
hardly
55
escaping
of
the
whole
Ships
Crew
.
The
whole
night
was
spent
in
repairing
the
damages
received
in
the
Battle
,
and
mending
up
as
well
as
possible
,
the
Ships
that
were
most
battered
.
At
break
of
day
,
next
morning
,
the
two
Fleets
found
themselves
not
above
a
mile
distant
one
from
the
other
.
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
put
out
the
usual
signal
to
call
his
Officers
on
board
him
,
at
whose
arrival
,
he
with
much
vexation
heard
the
ill
news
,
that
most
part
of
the
Ships
of
his
Fleet
wanted
Ammunition
,
by
which
they
were
disabled
to
stand
a
second
Battle
.
It
must
be
confessed
,
that
if
Tromp
had
been
seconded
as
he
ought
to
have
been
the
day
before
,
by
some
Captains
in
his
Fleet
that
failed
in
their
duty
,
and
were
false
to
the
fidelity
they
had
sworn
to
their
Country
,
the
English
had
been
so
well
reduced
to
reason
,
that
they
would
hardly
have
had
any
mind
to
begin
a
new
Battle
the
next
day
.
Vice-Admiral
de
Wit
had
so
small
a
Quantity
of
Powder
and
Bullets
left
,
that
it
would
hardly
serve
him
three
hours
firing
:
and
de
Ruiter
had
less
than
he
:
And
besides
,
a
great
many
other
Ships
were
much
weakened
by
the
great
Numbers
of
Men
they
had
killed
,
and
sick
.
Notwithstanding
all
these
disadvantages
,
Tromp
was
in
the
mind
to
venture
a
second
Battle
,
as
thinking
,
if
he
were
worsted
to
retreat
toward
Wielingen
,
to
take
in
necessary
Provisions
and
Ammunition
.
But
before
the
second
Fight
begun
,
Tromp
Writ
to
the
States
the
following
Letter
.
High
and
Mighty
Lords
,
Joost
Bulter
,
whose
Ship
was
sunk
with
part
of
her
Men
,
the
other
being
saved
by
our
people
.
Captain
Velzen's
Ship
was
blown
up
,
there
being
but
5
of
her
men
saved
.
This
day
all
the
General
and
Subalternate
Officers
of
the
Fleet
came
on
board
the
Admiral
,
and
were
informed
,
that
the
most
part
of
them
had
so
little
Ammunition
left
,
that
't
is
impossible
for
us
to
be
able
to
stand
a
second
Fight
.
Among
others
,
Vice-Admiral
de
Wit
has
not
for
above
three
hours
spending
,
and
de
Ruiter
has
less
than
he
.
However
,
we
have
resolved
to
attack
the
Enemies
this
day
,
and
to
retire
to
Wielingen
,
and
fight
our
way
thither
retreating
,
if
the
English
●●esist
to
Fight
so
long
.
In
fine
,
we
pray
your
High
and
Mightinesses
,
that
we
may
be
Rein●●●ted
,
and
may
receive
the
Ammunition
necessary
,
and
that
it
may
please
you
,
to
send
Deputies
into
Zealand
to
remedy
all
things
,
&c.
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
had
done
all
he
could
from
the
first
appearance
of
the
morning
,
Portsmouth
.
Tromp
thereby
found
himself
obliged
to
close
up
the
Rear
of
his
Fleet
,
to
endeavour
as
well
as
't
was
possible
,
to
sustain
the
shock
of
the
Enemies
.
Tromp
,
De
Wit
,
De
Ruiter
,
and
some
others
fought
with
an
unparallel'd
bravery
;
But
unhapily
from
the
very
beginning
of
the
fight
,
a
disorder
having
hapned
in
the
Dutch
Fleet
for
want
of
Experience
in
the
Officers
,
they
began
to
give
way
,
and
at
length
were
part
of
them
taken
,
and
part
sunk
;
nay
,
the
Confusion
was
so
great
among
them
,
that
some
of
them
quitted
their
Fire-Ships
after
having
set
fire
to
them
themselves
,
who
endeavoured
to
palliate
their
infamous
Cowardice
,
by
pretending
,
they
had
received
several
shot
between
Wind
and
Water
.
However
,
tho'
the
valiant
Tromp
saw
himself
thus
deserted
by
his
Rear-guard
,
yet
he
lost
not
his
courage
for
that
,
but
possessing
still
the
same
presence
of
mind
,
and
being
animated
by
Reflections
upon
his
past
glory
,
and
by
the
hopes
and
unextinguishable
passion
he
had
,
still
to
maintain
it
to
the
last
,
grapled
Vice-Admiral
Pen
,
boarded
him
,
and
power-d
so
many
men
into
his
Enemies
Ship
;
that
he
had
already
made
himself
Master
of
her
,
when
13
English
Frigats
tacking
about
upon
him
,
so
cruelly
handled
him
,
that
they
forced
him
to
let
go
his
hold
.
The
Enemies
likewise
in
their
turn
,
grapling
afterwards
Admiral
Tromp
,
powred
in
so
great
a
Number
of
Sea
men
,
on
board
him
that
his
men
were
forced
to
flie
all
under
Deck
.
Upon
which
,
Tromp
seeing
himself
over
powr'd
with
Numbers
,
thought
there
was
no
other
Remedy
,
but
to
set
fire
to
some
barrels
of
Powder
,
which
he
did
so
effectually
,
that
in
an
Instant
as
by
a
clap
of
Thunder
,
the
Enemies
were
blown
up
Pell
Mell
into
the
Air
,
and
their
bodies
were
seen
to
flie
about
half
burnt
,
and
rent
to
pieces
.
Yet
this
blow
did
not
so
much
discourage
the
English
,
but
they
came
on
and
charged
him
afresh
;
and
he
had
certainly
been
lost
,
had
not
de
Wit
and
de
Ruiter
,
espying
the
great
danger
he
was
in
,
come
up
without
losing
time
and
disengaged
him
about
7
a
Clock
in
the
Evening
.
Captain
Schellinger's
Ship
being
much
battered
,
and
deserted
by
most
of
her
Sea
men
,
fell
into
the
English
Fleet
,
and
was
soon
after
burnt
to
Ashes
.
The
Ship
Westergoo
,
being
surrounded
,
by
three
English
men
of
War
,
that
furiously
battered
her
on
all
sides
,
was
forced
to
yield
just
when
she
was
ready
to
sink
;
a
little
before
that
,
Captain
Verburg's
Ship
having
had
her
Helm
shot
away
,
fell
into
the
Enemies
hands
,
and
after
a
vigorous
resistance
,
was
at
last
constrained
also
to
yield
.
Tromp
and
the
other
General
Officers
fought
till
within
night
,
when
the
English
made
off
to
Sea
,
steering
North-ward
;
but
the
Hollanders
made
for
Ostend
,
where
they
arrived
about
midnight
,
and
cast
Anchor
.
The
next
morning
the
English
appear'd
again
;
But
because
there
were
many
Ships
in
the
Dutch
Fleet
very
much
shattered
,
and
that
wanted
both
Provision
and
Ammunition
,
Tromp
with
the
advice
of
the
other
General
Officers
,
thought
it
best
to
retreat
with
the
whole
Fleet
towards
Wielingen
,
where
being
arrived
he
writ
the
following
Letter
to
the
States
General
.
High
and
Mighty
Lords
,
YEsterday
at
11
a
Clock
before
noon
,
Verburg
,
Schellinger
,
Laurensz
,
Duin
,
Fietersz
,
and
Westergoo
,
are
fallen
into
the
hands
of
the
Enemies
.
If
there
were
any
more
taken
or
sunk
,
it
is
more
than
I
know
yet
,
because
I
have
been
able
to
know
nothing
but
by
the
report
of
others
,
and
because
the
thick
smoak
arising
from
the
Canon
,
hindred
,
me
from
discerning
what
past
in
the
Fight
;
But
however
,
I
am
sure
we
have
lost
the
Captains
abovementioned
.
It
is
possible
they
might
lose
us
in
the
night
,
and
may
be
gotten
into
some
Harbour
,
tho'
against
Order
.
The
Pilot
Vander
Heyden
,
being
just
now
come
hither
,
has
delivered
us
the
two
Letters
from
your
High
and
Mightinesses
,
dated
the
9th
.
of
this
Month.
he
reports
,
he
met
17
of
our
Ships
before
Schowen
,
and
that
he
spoke
with
4
of
them
.
Our
Ships
are
in
a
most
pitifull
Condition
,
and
want
both
Provisions
and
Ammunition
.
The
two
Fleets
are
still
in
presence
one
of
the
other
,
and
the
English
with
the
Reinforcement
they
have
received
are
now
100
sail
strong
of
Men
of
War
.
By
the
advice
of
all
the
General
Officers
of
the
Fleet
;
we
have
resolved
to
retire
to
Wielingen
,
to
wait
there
for
the
Deputies
of
your
High
and
Mightinesses
,
to
come
and
give
Order
,
that
the
Fleet
may
receive
the
necessary
Ammunition
,
and
a
considerable
Reinforcement
,
to
enable
them
to
make
head
against
their
Enemies
.
For
otherwise
,
Humanely
speaking
,
if
all
the
things
I
have
spoken
of
,
be
neglected
,
nothing
else
can
be
expected
but
shame
and
confusion
to
the
States
,
and
misfortune
to
their
Arms
,
considering
the
mighty
power
of
their
Enemies
.
Our
Admiral
Ship
,
the
Brederode
has
received
several
shot
between
Wind
and
Water
,
and
tho
we
have
had
her
calkt
as
well
as
possible
,
yet
she
leaks
still
so
much
,
that
in
the
night
the
Water
gained
upon
us
,
in
spite
of
all
our
Pumps
,
above
5
foot
in
height
,
however
till
at
present
we
have
made
a
shift
by
the
help
of
many
hands
to
keep
her
above
Water
;
but
if
after
all
,
we
find
our
labour
lost
,
we
shall
be
obliged
to
run
her
ashore
behind
Ramekens
,
&c.
Tromp
,
and
the
rest
of
the
General
Officers
of
the
Dutch
Fleet
being
come
to
Flushing
,
into
the
presence
of
the
Deputies
of
the
States
,
&c.
De
Ruiter
made
no
scruple
to
say
,
That
he
intended
to
go
no
more
to
Sea
,
De
Wit
,
in
the
Assembly
of
the
States
.
The
English
Besiege
the
Dutch
in
the
Texel
.
Three
Dutch
East-India
ships
,
and
several
other
Merchant
men
taken
by
the
English
.
unless
the
Fleet
were
re-inforc'd
,
and
made
more
numerous
,
and
were
better
Arm'd
than
it
had
been
before
:
And
Vice-Admiral
De
wit
being
afterwards
present
in
the
Assembly
of
the
States
,
added
to
all
those
Complaints
,
these
words
:
Why
should
I
keep
any
longer
silence
?
I
am
here
before
my
Soveraigns
,
and
am
free
to
speak
;
and
I
can
say
,
That
the
English
are
at
present
Masters
both
of
us
,
and
of
the
Seas
,
&c.
The
States
General
therefore
endeavoured
to
remedy
all
those
Disorders
,
and
to
repair
all
the
losses
they
had
lately
sustained
,
as
well
as
't
was
possible
,
in
so
pressing
a
juncture
.
But
in
the
mean
time
,
the
English
Fleet
held
the
Coasts
of
Holland
,
as
't
were
besieged
,
after
they
had
stopt
up
the
mouth
of
the
Texel
:
Which
obliged
the
States
to
prevent
any
discent
from
them
,
to
post
some
Troops
in
the
Isles
,
and
on
the
Coasts
.
During
which
Distress
,
3
Ships
returning
from
the
East-Indies
,
richly
Laden
,
unfortunately
fell
into
the
hands
of
the
English
,
as
did
likewise
two
others
coming
from
Portugal
,
and
3
more
from
Swedeland
,
whereof
2
were
Burnt
,
and
the
rest
taken
.
And
towards
the
straits
of
Callis
,
Captain
Wight
likewise
,
was
taken
with
4
Ships
laden
with
Salt
.
About
that
time
the
United
Provinces
began
to
feel
the
Effects
of
new
Troubles
raised
by
a
Faction
formed
among
the
Mobb
,
The
murmurings
of
the
people
were
risen
to
that
height
,
that
't
was
impossible
to
stop
them
.
For
they
loudly
complained
,
that
none
of
them
could
tell
how
to
get
their
living
any
longer
,
what
Trade
soever
they
took
to
;
That
if
they
had
a
mind
to
oppose
the
English
,
why
did
not
Tromp
come
back
from
Zealand
?
Why
were
not
the
Enemies
driven
out
of
the
Harbors
of
the
Texel
,
who
without
controul
,
took
daily
from
them
Ship
after
Ship
,
whilst
they
saw
themselves
besieged
,
and
threatned
with
an
inevitable
Series
of
Mischiefs
,
&c.
The
Magistrates
of
that
Town
,
thinking
to
put
a
stop
to
the
fatal
Consequences
of
all
those
Disorders
,
would
needs
have
Recourse
to
force
of
Arms
,
and
sent
for
some
Troops
which
in
Boats
approacht
the
Town
:
But
the
Mobb
the
more
fiercely
inraged
at
that
,
got
together
in
such
multitudes
,
that
they
carried
all
before
them
,
and
seized
upon
the
Town-House
,
the
Gates
,
the
Ramparts
,
and
all
the
Stores
of
Warlike
Amunition
.
Which
done
,
they
put
up
upon
the
Towers
,
the
Princes
Colours
,
as
designing
by
that
,
to
revenge
the
slight
the
Governm●nt
had
of
late
put
upon
his
Authority
:
They
then
proceeded
to
Depose
the
Magistrates
,
and
fired
several
Vollies
of
Shot
from
their
Muskets
,
upon
the
Souldiery
that
was
embarked
in
the
Boats
.
The
Deputies
from
the
States
,
and
the
Sieur
Brederode
,
who
were
sent
from
the
Hague
,
to
appease
,
if
it
were
possible
this
popular
Commotion
,
were
constrained
to
stay
without
the
Town-Gate
.
And
if
the
Gentleness
and
Moderation
which
they
used
had
not
at
last
prevailed
over
the
Fury
and
Insolence
of
those
rash
and
headstrong
Mutiniers
,
they
would
have
been
in
great
danger
of
being
overturned
with
their
Coaches
off
from
the
Cawsey
into
the
Sea
.
So
Bold
an
example
open'd
a
door
to
the
licenciousness
of
other
Factious
Spirits
,
which
was
so
much
the
more
dangerous
,
because
the
Affairs
they
meddled
with
,
were
both
Nice
and
Important
.
The
War
against
the
English
was
not
heartily
undertaken
,
said
they
,
This
was
the
substance
of
the
peoples
discourse
,
who
were
animated
by
the
name
of
Orange
,
which
they
repeated
,
every
moment
,
without
paying
any
deference
to
the
Orders
of
the
States
.
And
the
Drummers
that
beat
up
for
raising
of
Seamen
,
without
making
use
of
the
old
accustomed
Terms
,
In
the
name
of
the
Prince
of
Orange
,
were
ill
handled
by
the
people
;
so
that
at
last
the
Government
was
obliged
to
publish
an
Ordinance
to
put
a
stop
to
those
Commotion
;
and
at
the
same
time
another
was
likewise
set
out
,
to
forbid
the
carrying
of
any
Provisions
to
the
English
Fleet
that
lay
before
the
Texel
and
the
Vlie
.
In
the
mean
while
the
English
did
a
wonderful
deal
of
mischief
upon
the
Coasts
of
Holland
,
but
were
partly
punished
for
it
by
the
loss
of
3
of
their
Ships
that
run
a
Ground
upon
the
Sands
of
the
Coast
;
they
had
also
some
Boats
overset
.
Amidst
all
these
Transactions
,
the
Hollanders
wrought
with
all
the
diligence
imaginable
upon
the
Fleet
,
in
order
to
Repair
and
Re-inforce
,
and
Man
,
and
Provide
it
sufficiently
to
be
in
a
capacity
to
put
again
to
Sea
.
But
because
most
part
of
the
Ships
were
equipt
in
Zealand
,
they
were
in
extreme
pain
to
study
out
a
means
,
how
those
that
came
from
Zealand
should
joyn
with
those
that
were
in
the
Texel
,
since
the
English
were
Masters
of
its
enterance
,
and
kept
the
Coasts
of
Holland
besieged
.
However
Tromp
after
six
weeks
stay
in
Zealand
,
put
at
length
to
Sea
the
6th
of
August
,
with
a
Fleet
of
between
80
and
90
Sail
,
with
a
resolution
,
assoon
as
he
had
joyned
Vice-Admiral
De
Wit's
Squadron
,
to
make
up
drectly
to
the
English
,
to
give
them
Battle
,
and
chase
them
if
possible
,
from
the
Coasts
of
Holland
.
About
that
time
the
States
General
of
the
United
Provinces
,
to
encourage
their
Officers
and
Sea
men
of
the
Fleet
,
the
more
heartily
and
warmly
to
bestir
themselves
in
the
Service
of
their
Country
,
by
the
hopes
of
Reward
,
publisht
a
Declaration
,
which
was
Read
on
Board
every
Man
of
War
,
and
was
as
follows
.
A
few
days
after
,
they
publisht
another
Ordinance
,
by
which
they
granted
certain
fixed
recompences
,
to
those
who
should
be
maimed
in
the
Service
of
their
Country
,
which
were
as
follows
.
|
|
livers
|
pen.
|
deni
.
|
|
For
the
loss
of
both
Eyes
,
|
1066
|
23
|
3
|
|
For
the
loss
of
one
Eye
,
|
840
|
00
|
0
|
|
For
the
loss
of
both
Arms
,
|
1066
|
13
|
3
|
|
For
the
Right
Arm
,
|
0333
|
06
|
6
|
|
For
the
Left
Arm
-
|
0266
|
13
|
3
|
|
For
both
Hands
,
|
0933
|
06
|
6
|
|
For
the
Right
Hand
,
|
0266
|
13
|
3
|
|
For
the
Left
,
|
0240
|
00
|
0
|
|
For
both
Legs
,
|
0533
|
06
|
6
|
|
For
one
Leg
,
|
0240
|
00
|
0
|
|
For
both
Feet
,
|
0333
|
06
|
6
|
|
For
one
Foot
.
|
0160
|
00
|
0
|
The
recompence
of
those
that
were
only
lam'd
was
left
to
the
discretion
of
the
Colleges
of
the
Admiralty
.
There
was
also
a
Regulation
made
,
The
Holland
Fleet
then
being
got
to
Sea
,
arrived
the
7th
of
August
towards
the
Evening
,
to
the
Northwards
of
Gravezande
;
on
the
8th
at
break
of
day
,
they
sailed
near
to
Zandwoort
,
and
advanced
about
8
a
Clock
the
same
morning
near
Egmond
.
Their
advanc'd
Guard
detacht
some
of
their
best
Sailers
,
to
advertise
Tromp
,
that
the
English
Fleet
were
but
5
Miles
from
him
to
the
North-Eastward
,
and
soon
after
they
begun
to
perceive
them
.
About
a
11
a
Clock
,
the
English
got
the
Weather-gage
,
the
wind
being
West-North-West
.
However
Tromp
thought
it
best
to
tack
about
to
the
South-South-West
,
to
make
away
from
the
Enemies
,
with
design
to
draw
them
after
him
,
and
intice
them
to
quit
the
Texel
,
that
Vice-Admiral
De
Wit
taking
advantage
of
their
withdrawing
,
might
the
more
easily
get
out
of
the
Harbours
there
,
with
the
rest
of
the
Fleet.
The
light
Frigats
of
the
English
took
that
day
some
of
the
Dutch
Ships
that
being
sluggish
Sailers
lagg'd
behind
the
rest
.
The
Van-guards
of
both
Fleets
being
come
near
one
another
,
High
and
Mighty
Lords
,
English
Fleet
before
the
Texel
,
at
about
5
miles
distance
to
the
North
and
a
quarter
Eastward
from
us
.
We
immediately
tackt
about
to
make
up
to
them
.
About
a
11
a
Clock
,
the
wind
turn'd
to
the
West-North-West
,
and
the
English
had
the
advantage
of
it
:
upon
which
,
we
thought
fit
to
draw
back
,
to
oblige
the
Enemy
to
draw
likewise
out
from
the
Texel
,
to
facilitate
thereby
the
coming
out
of
the
rest
of
the
Fleet
under
the
conduct
of
Vice-Admiral
De
Wit.
But
having
in
the
Fleet
some
very
sluggish
Sailers
,
which
some
of
the
Enemies
light
Frigats
fell
fiercely
upon
,
several
of
them
were
taken
.
The
English
are
120
sail
strong
,
great
and
small
ships
▪
we
stood
them
,
and
engaged
in
a
general
Battle
that
lasted
till
the
beginning
of
the
night
,
without
any
advantage
,
God
be
thanked
,
that
we
could
perceive
,
they
got
over
us
.
They
have
still
the
Weathergage
.
Time
will
inform
us
,
how
affairs
will
go
to
morrow
.
We
pray
God
to
be
pleased
of
his
Clemency
,
to
make
all
succeed
to
his
great
Glory
,
and
for
the
Good
and
Advantage
of
the
State
.
If
we
had
received
the
Reinforcement
from
the
Texel
,
we
should
have
reason
to
flatter
our selves
,
humanely
speaking
,
with
some
hopes
of
driving
away
the
Enemies
from
our
Coasts
.
However
,
we
will
do
all
that
Men
of
Honour
and
Fidelity
to
our
Country
,
shall
be
able
to
do
in
such
a
rencounter
as
this
,
&c.
The
day
following
,
the
Wind
was
so
high
that
it
was
impossible
to
renew
the
Battle
;
which
extremely
favoured
the
Hollanders
.
For
by
that
means
Vice-Admiral
De
Wit
had
time
to
come
out
of
the
Texel
,
being
hastned
by
the
Deputies
of
the
States
,
who
upon
advice
of
the
two
Fleets
being
come
in
presence
of
one
another
before
Egmond
,
made
him
use
all
the
diligence
imaginable
.
He
came
out
then
about
midnight
by
the
Spanish
Hole
,
conducted
by
4
Sounders
,
who
went
before
him
in
Boats
,
having
each
of
them
an
open
Lanthorn
with
them
;
and
so
he
arrived
at
the
place
of
Battle
.
On
the
9th
.
of
August
at
6
a
Clock
in
the
morning
,
Tromp
being
right
against
Scheveling
,
approached
the
Enemies
,
being
backt
by
some
men
of
War
of
the
Van
guard
,
and
fired
at
them
some
broad
sides
,
but
finding
himself
too
weak
,
he
retired
towards
de
Ruiter's
Squadron
,
and
stood
to
the
North
North-East
.
And
the
Wind
being
again
grown
fiercer
,
it
was
impossible
for
the
two
Fleets
to
engage
,
upon
which
,
the
Dutch
Fleet
approach'd
again
to
the
Meuse
.
The
Wind
turning
afterwards
to
the
North
West
,
the
English
had
the
Weather-gage
,
and
pursued
the
Hollanders
.
About
noon
,
de
Wit
begun
to
appear
with
a
Reinforcement
of
27
Men
of
War
,
and
4
Fire-Ships
.
The
two
Fleets
joyned
about
5
in
the
afternoon
,
in
sight
of
the
Enemies
Fleet
,
they
not
being
able
to
hinder
them
.
Tromp
being
then
106
sail
strong
,
advanced
directly
towards
the
Enemies
,
who
at
first
seemed
to
flie
,
only
out
of
design
,
as
afterwards
it
proved
,
to
get
more
convenient
Sea
room
;
Tromp
pursued
them
all
night
with
a
Wind
North-West
,
and
a
quarter
West
,
and
the
day
following
being
the
10th
.
of
August
,
the
two
Fleets
met
again
before
the
Meuse
over
against
Heide
and
Scheveling
.
de
Ruiter
,
the
left
,
Evertsz
the
main
Battle
,
and
de
Wit
and
Rear-Admiral
Florisz
,
the
Rear-guard
.
And
so
the
Fleet
being
divided
into
5
Squadrons
,
fell
as
soon
as
it
was
Morning
,
upon
the
English
.
There
never
was
any
thing
seen
so
cruel
and
so
bloody
as
the
beginning
of
that
fight
.
One
would
have
said
at
first
view
,
that
the
Sun
being
covered
with
a
thick
smoak
,
endeavoured
to
hide
his
face
,
that
he
might
not
be
the
spectator
of
so
horrible
a
slaughter
.
The
noise
of
the
Canon
much
louder
than
that
of
Thunder
made
all
the
neighbouring
shores
to
tremble
,
and
flying
from
thence
to
spend
it self
in
the
Downs
,
was
redoubled
thence
by
Echo's
,
and
became
much
more
frightfull
.
And
the
Sea
being
tinged
all
over
with
the
blood
of
so
many
Butcheries
,
swallowed
up
with
equal
greediness
both
Men
and
Ships
.
Tromp
had
already
the
first
time
pierced
into
the
English
Fleet
with
so
much
success
,
that
he
had
some
reason
to
flatter
himself
with
the
hopes
of
a
Victory
;
and
coming
on
a
second
time
,
and
falling
upon
the
biggest
of
the
English
men
of
War
,
there
the
undaunted
Courage
of
that
Great
Admiral
,
and
the
bravery
of
his
Seamen
,
were
seen
to
shine
forth
in
their
full
Glory
:
For
sometimes
he
went
into
the
Captains
Chamber
,
and
taking
up
a
Telescope
,
he
took
a
view
of
all
the
Squadrons
of
his
Fleet
,
and
observed
whether
every
one
did
his
duty
or
no
,
and
thence
returning
again
upon
Deck
,
he
went
and
encouraged
his
men
,
and
used
all
the
Rhetorick
he
could
to
inspire
them
with
love
for
their
Country
.
However
,
after
all
,
being
engaged
a
great
way
within
the
very
heart
of
the
Enemies
Fleet
,
he
found
himself
overpower'd
by
their
Numbers
,
and
deserted
by
his
own
Ships
,
at
which
,
conceiving
a
mortal
resentment
,
he
uttered
these
words
:
Will
any
thing
be
done
or
no
?
I
must
it
seems
perish
!
No
body
comes
in
to
my
assistance
;
Must
I
alone
this
day
,
be
the
Victime
of
the
Enemies
?
His
Ship
being
covered
with
a
thick
Cloud
of
smoke
was
not
to
be
seen
any
longer
,
and
in
the
mean
while
the
English
Rear-Admiral
followed
by
some
Frigats
,
approaching
to
him
,
there
flew
from
the
third
of
that
Rank
,
So
mournfull
an
accident
pierced
them
to
the
Quick
,
that
to
revenge
the
death
of
so
valiant
a
man
,
and
that
it
might
not
be
said
,
the
Author
of
so
terrible
an
Action
went
unpunisht
,
a
Common
soldier
of
the
Admiral
Ship
,
advancing
upon
the
Deck
,
shot
the
Captain
of
the
aforesaid
Frigat
in
the
cheek
,
and
fell'd
him
dead
with
a
musket
Bullet
,
as
he
was
making
Bravado's
with
his
drawn
hanger
in
his
hand
.
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
being
carried
immediately
into
the
Captains
Chamber
,
was
laid
upon
a
Pillow
,
and
some
moments
after
,
gave
up
the
Ghost
,
after
he
had
exhorted
his
Seamen
,
to
fight
like
men
of
Courage
and
prayed
God
to
take
into
his
protection
all
that
were
under
his
Command
.
Some
report
,
I
have
finisht
my
Course
,
have
good
Courage
.
In
the
mean
while
,
the
Ship
,
Brederode
was
engaged
within
the
main
Body
of
the
Enemies
Fleet
;
and
because
every
one
attentively
lookt
out
to
see
whether
the
Bloody
Flagg
which
was
the
signal
for
coming
on
board
,
appeared
upon
the
Admirals
Poop
,
the
Chief
Officers
of
the
Dutch
Fleet
,
found
by
that
,
they
were
Commanded
on
board
the
Admiral
.
Where
being
come
,
and
being
informed
of
their
great
loss
,
upon
a
consultation
held
thereupon
,
they
all
resolved
,
that
to
prevent
the
Seamens
being
discouraged
,
the
death
of
the
valiant
Tromp
should
be
concealed
;
and
recommended
to
the
Captain
on
board
the
Admirals
Ship
,
that
he
should
keep
to
the
Orders
Tromp
had
before
given
,
and
keep
up
same
Flag
.
After
which
they
all
hastned
back
every
one
to
his
respective
Ship
,
and
continued
the
fight
.
Upon
this
fatal
blow
,
it
appear'd
what
a
desperate
and
undaunted
resolution
are
able
to
make
men
do
:
For
all
the
Captains
of
the
Fleet
were
so
sensibly
toucht
at
the
loss
of
their
Admiral
,
that
breathing
nothing
but
rage
and
fury
,
they
pierced
three
times
through
and
through
the
Enemies
Fleet
,
fiercely
firing
at
and
battering
all
that
opposed
their
passage
;
but
as
an
addition
to
the
unhappiness
of
that
unfortunate
day
,
Vice-Admiral
Evertsz's
Ship
,
who
after
Tromp's
death
had
the
chief
Command
of
the
Fleet
,
was
so
miserably
shattered
and
disabled
,
that
to
avoid
falling
into
the
hands
of
the
English
,
they
were
forced
to
carry
her
off
into
the
Meuse
,
having
on
board
her
70
men
killed
or
wounded
.
De
Ruiter
who
was
in
the
Ship
called
the
Lamb
,
carrying
about
40
Guns
and
150
men
,
was
exposed
to
the
greatest
fire
of
the
Enemies
,
fighting
with
so
much
Courage
,
that
he
made
his
way
through
the
midst
of
the
English
Squadron
;
but
he
found
himself
at
length
so
extreamly
weakned
,
that
he
had
hardly
half
his
men
left
,
43
of
them
being
killed
,
and
35
wounded
:
His
mizzen
mast
,
his
main
yard
,
and
in
General
,
all
his
rigging
except
of
his
Poop
was
shot
away
,
and
of
Ammunition
he
had
but
700
pound
of
Powder
and
very
few
Bullets
left
,
so
that
seeing
himself
reduced
into
so
pitifull
a
Condition
that
he
was
no
longer
able
to
keep
the
Sea
,
he
was
at
last
forced
to
be
towed
away
into
the
Meuse
by
Captain
Aldertsz
de
Hoorn
.
The
English
Admiral
being
grappled
by
two
Fire-Ships
,
his
Ship
was
in
an
instant
all
in
a
flame
,
and
some
of
his
men
began
already
to
flie
out
of
her
;
they
which
were
about
Captain
Peacock
were
at
the
last
extremity
;
and
Captain
Bitter
was
compleating
their
destruction
by
plying
them
with
frequent
broad-sides
,
but
that
one
of
the
Fire-Ships
hapning
to
be
too
slowly
pusht
forward
,
gave
time
and
occasion
to
the
English
to
take
new
Courage
,
and
briskly
to
imploy
their
Guns
again
,
and
beat
off
their
Enemies
.
The
English
Ship
,
the
St.
Andrew
,
having
been
furiously
battered
by
the
Guns
of
Vice-Admiral
Florisz
,
was
so
terribly
maul'd
and
shattered
,
that
it
was
ready
to
sink
,
being
half
consumed
with
the
flames
,
had
not
two
other
Ships
come
in
timely
to
her
aid
,
and
rescued
her
from
the
Eminent
danger
she
was
in
.
Captain
Grave
perisht
by
fire
with
a
great
many
of
his
Seamen
.
As
for
Captain
Haas
who
Commanded
the
Ship
called
,
the
Rose
and
Crown
,
being
attackt
by
3
English
Men
of
War
,
he
defended
himself
vigorously
,
till
such
time
as
his
Masts
and
all
his
rigging
being
shot
away
close
by
the
board
,
his
vessel
half
burnt
,
and
many
of
his
men
kill'd
,
he
thought
fit
to
retreat
,
and
as
much
shattered
and
disabled
as
he
was
,
made
his
way
through
the
Enemies
,
and
got
likewise
to
Goree
.
Hoyen
Cox
,
whom
we
have
several
times
mentioned
upon
occasion
of
the
Ship
Phoenix
,
and
Captain
Zanger
,
fought
against
one
another
with
so
much
courage
and
obstinacy
,
that
both
their
Ships
,
viz.
The
Phoenix
and
the
West
Kappel
were
sunk
.
Schatter
finding
himself
engaged
with
the
Van
guard
of
Monk's
Squadron
,
made
head
against
them
alone
,
and
if
his
Ship
,
the
Golden
Dolphin
had
not
at
last
been
sunk
,
being
pierced
through
and
through
as
she
was
with
Bullets
,
he
would
doubtless
have
made
the
Enemies
pay
somewhat
dearer
for
her
loss
:
But
however
fortune
being
willing
in
some
sort
to
recompence
desert
,
had
compassion
of
so
many
brave
men
,
and
permitted
a
Frigat
to
pass
by
his
side
,
as
he
was
just
ready
to
be
swallowed
up
by
the
Waves
,
and
happily
to
save
him
and
all
his
men
.
But
Captain
Vanger
was
more
unfortunate
then
those
Prisoners
,
his
Ship
and
all
his
men
sinking
in
an
instant
into
the
deep
.
We
ought
likewise
to
allow
an
honourable
place
in
the
list
of
those
that
signaliz'd
themselves
in
this
fight
,
to
de
Wilde
,
and
to
the
Captains
Marreveld
,
Swart
,
and
de
Kampen
.
About
2
a
Clock
in
the
afternoon
,
both
the
contending
parties
begun
to
make
out
into
the
wide
Sea
.
The
Dutch
had
broken
four
times
quite
through
the
Enemies
Fleet
,
so
that
there
was
nothing
to
be
seen
almost
but
masts
tumbled
into
the
Sea
,
and
several
Ships
on
fire
both
of
the
one
and
other
side
,
amongst
which
there
was
one
English
Ship
that
was
blown
up
,
and
some
others
that
were
sunk
.
Schevelin
,
Heide
,
Katwik
,
Nordwyk
,
Zandvort
,
and
all
the
whole
Coast
were
Witnesses
of
this
bloody
fight
,
and
of
the
bravery
of
two
such
formidable
Nations
.
By
favour
of
a
Western
Wind
,
the
two
Fleets
approacht
the
Coasts
of
Holland
,
however
the
Enemies
were
observed
to
use
all
their
endeavours
to
retire
,
and
the
Dutch
thereupon
were
perswaded
to
believe
,
they
had
some
disadvantage
;
so
that
finding
the
English
stood
to
the
Northward
,
they
resumed
the
courage
to
pursue
them
,
after
they
had
received
a
recruit
of
30000
pound
of
Powder
and
other
Ammunition
proportionable
,
which
was
brought
them
by
some
Fishing
vessels
.
The
Wind
rising
higher
,
the
two
Fleets
by
favour
of
the
Tide
,
approach'd
towards
Gorce
,
and
continued
firing
at
one
another
till
11
a
Clock
at
night
.
At
last
the
Wind
chopping
about
to
the
South-West
,
drove
them
insensibly
towards
the
Texel
.
After
so
fatal
a
rout
,
30
other
Ships
that
were
least
endamaged
,
came
out
of
the
Rear
guard
and
advanced
against
the
English
.
And
Rear
Admiral
Florisz
endeavoured
with
those
feeble
and
shattered
relicks
of
so
potent
a
Fleet
,
to
cover
the
Admiral
Ship
the
Brederode
,
which
was
in
so
much
the
more
danger
of
falling
into
the
Enemies
hands
,
bccause
she
was
so
cruelly
shattered
,
that
she
was
incapable
of
making
any
Resistance
.
Yet
her
preservation
was
so
much
the
dearer
,
and
the
more
important
for
that
the
loss
of
the
Battle
depended
thereon
.
The
last
new
Encounter
of
this
horrible
Fight
,
lasted
three
full
hours
.
Vice-Admiral
de
Wit
let
flie
several
broad
sides
at
the
Cowardly
deserters
to
stop
them
,
if
possible
,
but
seeing
all
in
vain
,
he
rallied
together
into
one
body
the
rest
of
the
Ships
of
the
Fleet
,
by
leaving
the
Main-sails
but
half
displayed
.
That
unexpected
firmness
and
resolution
so
much
surprized
the
English
,
that
being
advanced
as
far
as
right
against
the
Lordship
of
Brederode
,
they
put
up
all
the
sail
they
could
,
and
steered
away
towards
the
Coasts
of
England
,
quitting
those
of
Holland
with
much
regret
,
and
sore
against
their
Wills
,
as
thinking
they
had
won
Glory
enough
,
and
that
it
would
be
too
much
to
expose
both
it
and
their
Fleet
,
in
the
shattered
condition
they
were
in
,
to
prosecute
their
Victory
too
far
,
and
that
after
they
had
been
at
home
and
recruited
,
they
might
insult
as
they
pleased
over
their
vanquisht
foes
,
before
they
could
recover
themselves
of
this
last
fatal
blow
.
In
their
retreat
,
they
set
fire
to
some
of
their
Ships
that
were
so
shattered
and
maul'd
,
that
they
were
not
able
to
get
them
back
into
their
Ports
.
By
favour
of
the
night
,
the
flames
were
seen
from
far
,
and
the
Sea
was
enlighted
with
them
almost
as
much
as
if
it
had
been
by
the
Sun-beams
at
Noon
day
.
The
next
morning
,
Vice-Admiral
de
Wit
,
found
himself
before
Wyk
,
disengaged
from
all
his
Enemies
,
and
sailed
away
with
the
rest
of
the
Fleet
towards
the
Texel
.
The
loss
of
the
Dutch
in
this
Battle
,
The
English
are
said
to
have
lost
,
the
Phoenix
,
Golden
Cock
.
besides
which
,
to
facilitate
their
retreat
,
they
are
reported
to
have
burnt
8
more
that
were
not
able
to
keep
the
Sea
.
Monk
having
been
very
severely
handled
,
was
one
of
the
first
that
went
out
of
the
fight
.
Amongst
their
dead
,
whose
Number
was
said
to
amount
,
to
600
,
were
Reckon'd
,
Rear-Admiral
Graves
,
the
Captains
Peacock
,
Edmond
,
Chapman
,
John
Tailour
,
William
Newman
,
Hoyen
Cox
,
and
Crips
.
The
Number
of
their
wounded
was
said
to
be
little
less
than
2500
,
amongst
whom
were
reckoned
Vice
Admiral
Lawson
,
the
Captains
William
Reus
,
Holland
,
Joseph
Cubit
,
John
Stokes
,
and
some
others
.
The
Ships
that
had
most
suffered
,
as
the
Triumph
,
the
St.
Andrew
,
the
Assurance
,
and
the
most
considerable
Frigats
,
were
sent
into
Yarmouth
,
Dover
,
Harwich
,
and
Solbay
,
or
to
Chatham
on
the
Medway
.
And
40
sail
more
,
which
were
the
rest
of
the
English
Fleet
,
came
to
an
Anchor
about
6
miles
from
the
Coasts
,
to
take
in
a
fresh
supply
of
Provisions
and
Ammunition
.
Whilst
the
Dutch
thus
by
palpable
falsities
endeavoured
to
cover
their
defeat
,
and
indeed
,
to
make
it
none
at
all
,
and
to
attribute
the
greatest
loss
to
the
known
Victors
;
The
English
were
not
behind
hand
with
them
,
but
ascribing
to
themselves
the
whole
Glory
of
that
Memorable
Engagement
,
loudly
proclaimed
the
defeat
of
the
Hollanders
all
over
England
,
spreading
aboard
a
report
that
a
Squadron
of
24
English
men
of
War
kept
the
miserable
shattered
Relicks
of
the
Holland
Fleet
besieged
before
the
Texel
,
and
that
30
more
fresh
Ships
were
sailed
out
,
to
reinforce
them
,
and
to
assist
them
to
Compleat
their
destruction
.
And
to
render
this
representation
of
their
Victory
so
much
the
more
probable
,
they
affected
to
publish
a
list
of
about
50
Dutch
men
of
War
taken
,
burnt
,
or
sunk
in
that
Fight
:
And
Monk
had
a
chain
of
Gold
,
and
Pen
and
Lawson
,
each
of
th●m
a
Silver
Medal
,
as
an
honourable
acknowledgment
of
their
Service
in
obtaining
so
signal
a
Victory
.
The
Hollanders
on
the
Contrary
,
pretended
the
Victory
was
on
their
side
,
because
said
they
,
they
had
obliged
the
English
to
quit
their
Coasts
which
they
had
kept
besieged
for
several
weeks
space
,
which
was
the
end
for
which
they
fought
,
which
exc●se
was
the
more
plausible
,
because
it
was
well
known
,
that
the
English
retired
to
their
own
Coasts
,
the
night
after
the
Battle
,
tho'
it
was
only
to
make
a
speedy
return
with
a
powerfull
recruit
of
Ammunition
and
Shipping
,
as
it
would
soon
after
have
proved
,
to
the
greater
terror
of
Holland
,
and
perhaps
to
the
utter
destruction
of
their
Sea
power
,
before
they
could
have
had
time
to
find
means
to
recover
themselves
,
if
kind
Providence
,
minded
to
reserve
them
for
greater
things
,
had
not
by
a
sudden
turn
of
the
Government
in
England
,
diverted
their
impending
fate
,
and
procured
them
a
speedy
Peace
with
that
Nation
.
After
the
body
,
marched
the
Commissioners
of
the
Admiralty
,
followed
by
the
three
Sons
of
the
deceased
Admiral
,
his
Sons-in-Law
,
and
others
of
his
near
kindred
;
after
them
went
the
States
General
,
the
Council
of
State
,
the
States
of
Holland
,
the
great
Council
,
the
Court
,
and
the
Chamber
of
Accounts
of
Holland
,
accompanied
by
the
Magistrates
,
the
Ministers
of
the
Ecclesiastical
Council
,
and
the
Burghers
of
the
Hague
.
In
this
manner
the
Corps
was
conducted
to
the
Boat
,
amidst
the
Tears
and
Lamentations
of
the
people
,
to
be
conveyed
to
Delft
,
where
he
was
received
by
4
Companies
of
Burghers
in
Arms
,
and
Buried
in
the
Church
there
,
and
honoured
at
his
interment
with
a
farewel
salute
of
3
Vollies
of
Musket
shot
.
But
the
States
General
,
to
Immortalize
his
memory
,
and
leave
a
lasting
Monument
to
Posterity
,
of
the
most
valiant
Hero
that
ever
appear'd
upon
the
Ocean
,
and
whose
name
alone
had
made
their
Enemies
tremble
,
granted
the
sum
of
10000
Livers
,
for
the
erecting
him
a
stately
Tomb.
This
Monument
being
made
according
to
the
directions
of
the
famous
de
Kampen
,
Master
Architect
to
the
States
,
was
placed
upon
a
high
Pedestal
,
the
Pilaster
of
which
,
as
also
the
raised
work
going
round
them
,
are
of
white
Marble
,
and
the
middle
of
Touchstone
.
The
principal
part
of
that
Pedestal
jetts
out
in
a
square
form
,
and
bears
upon
its
fore
side
,
an
Enchased
Table
of
white
Marble
containing
an
Admirable
description
of
the
Battle
that
cost
Martin
Tromp
his
life
.
On
both
sides
,
on
the
right
and
left
,
are
to
be
seen
several
Ornamental
works
in
Relief
,
or
raised
work
,
of
white
Marble
,
representing
Crowns
of
Lawrel
,
Garlands
of
Fruits
,
and
flowers
,
and
Garnitures
of
Sea-shells
.
Upon
this
Pedestal
lies
the
Statue
of
the
Admiral
in
compleat
Armor
,
with
the
head
resting
upon
a
piece
of
Cannon
,
the
Body
upon
the
Helm
of
a
Ship
.
Behind
the
Body
there
is
a
square
Table
of
Marble
,
in
which
is
enchased
a
Plate
of
touch-stone
,
on
which
is
engraven
in
Golden
Letters
,
the
Epitaph
we
shall
afterwards
recite
.
Underneath
upon
the
same
piece
of
Marble
,
are
several
pieces
of
raised
work
,
representing
several
little
Cupids
,
of
which
two
are
the
most
remarkable
,
which
stand
in
the
middle
behind
the
Admiral
's
Statue
,
one
of
them
holding
the
Arms
of
the
States
General
,
and
the
other
those
of
the
States
of
Holland
and
Westfriesland
,
having
before
and
behind
them
several
Cornets
,
Battle-Axes
,
Pikes
,
ancient
Bucklers
,
and
other
sorts
of
Roman
Arms.
On
the
left
hand
towards
the
Admiral
's
Feet
,
there
is
a
Helmet
garnisht
with
Plumes
of
Feathers
,
placed
upon
a
Marble
Cannon
.
Above
those
Armorial
pieces
,
we
have
spoken
of
,
there
is
a
flying
Cupid
holding
a
Naval
Crown
,
and
above
him
another
having
his
arms
extended
,
with
a
scroul
in
which
are
written
these
Latin
Verses
.
Vrbs
Phoebi
Cineres
jactat
,
sed
Currus
Honores
,
Ingreditur
quoties
,
egrediturque
Mari.
Of
which
we
have
endeavoured
to
represent
the
sense
in
English
,
thus
,
From
Phoebus's
City
burning
Ashes
rain
,
Whilst
his
bright
Chariot
Honours
does
dispence
;
Each
time
he
baths
himself
i'
th'
Liquid
Main
,
And
being
refresh'd
,
retires
again
from
thence
.
There
are
likewise
several
other
little
flying
Cupids
to
be
seen
playing
upon
Hauboies
,
or
blowing
Trumpets
.
On
each
side
of
these
Base
Reliefs
there
are
plates
of
Touch-stone
plain
and
unwrought
,
and
upon
the
two
extremities
of
the
Tomb
,
are
represented
most
part
of
the
Arms
of
the
Ancient
Romans
,
upon
white
Marble
.
All
this
great
work
is
enclosed
with
beauty
a
fair
square
of
white
Marble
that
encompasses
it
round
,
the
top
of
which
is
adorn'd
with
the
Admiral
's
Arms
most
artfully
engraven
upon
white
Marble
,
and
enrich'd
and
augmented
with
the
honours
done
him
by
Lewis
the
XIIIth
.
of
France
,
when
he
had
gained
that
famous
Battle
against
the
Spaniards
near
the
Downs
in
the
Year
1639.
Here
follows
the
Epitaph
we
before
mentioned
,
in
Latin
.
Aeternae
Memoriae
.
Qui
Bativos
,
Qui
Virtutem
,
ac
verum
laborem
amas
,
Lege
ac
Luge
.
Batavae
Gentis
decus
,
Virtutis
Bellicae
Fulmen
,
heic
jacet
,
qui
Vivus
nunquam
jacuit
,
&
Imperatorem
stantem
debere
mori
exemplo
suo
docuit
.
Amor
Civium
,
Hostium
terror
,
Oceani
stupor
,
Martinus
Harperti
Trompius
,
quo
nomine
plures
continentur
laudes
quam
hic
lapis
capit
sane
angustio●
;
Et
cui
Oriens
&
Occidens
mare
materia
Triumphorum
,
Vniversus
Orbis
Theatrum
Gloriae
fuit
:
Praedonum
certa
pernicies
;
Commercij
faelix
Assertor
;
familiaritate
utilis
,
non
vilis
,
postquam
nautas
&
milites
,
durum
Genus
,
paterno
,
&
cum
efficacia
benigno
rexit
Imperio
;
Post
50
Praelia
,
quorum
dux
fuit
,
aut
pars
magna
,
Post
insignes
supra
fidem
Victorias
;
Post
summos
infra
meritum
Honore●
;
Tandem
Bello
Anglico
tantum
non
Victor
certe
invictus
X
August
.
Ann.
Aerae
Christianae
MDCLIII
.
Aetat
.
LVI
.
vivere
ac
vincere
desiit
.
Foederati
Belgij
Patres
,
Heroi
optime
merito
.
M.
P.
That
is
to
say
,
To
Eternal
Memory
.
You
that
love
the
Netherlanders
,
Vertue
and
True
Labour
,
Read
and
Weep
.
The
Ornament
of
the
Holland
Nation
,
the
thunderbolt
of
Military
Valour
,
he
that
living
never
reposed
,
and
taught
the
World
by
his
own
Example
,
that
a
Great
General
ought
to
die
standing
,
reposes
here
.
The
love
of
his
Countrymen
,
the
terrour
of
the
Enemies
,
and
the
astonishing
wonder
of
the
ocean
,
Martin
Harpertez
Tromp
,
in
which
name
alone
are
more
praises
included
,
then
so
scanty
a
Marble
is
able
to
contain
;
to
whom
both
the
Eastern
and
Western
Seas
were
a
Subject
of
Triumph
,
and
the
whole
world
a
Theater
of
Glory
:
The
certain
destruction
of
Pyrates
!
the
happy
Assertour
of
Commerce
;
Familiar
enough
with
his
men
,
to
be
usefull
to
them
,
and
to
be
beloved
,
but
not
to
be
despised
by
them
:
After
he
had
,
with
a
Command
gentle
and
mild
,
and
tempered
with
a
Paternal
tenderness
,
efficaciously
governed
his
Mariners
and
Soldiers
,
otherwise
a
Rough
and
headstrong
Race
:
After
50
Sea-Battles
,
in
which
he
had
either
the
Supreme
,
or
a
very
considerable
Command
:
After
many
famous
,
and
almost
incredible
Victories
:
After
he
had
received
the
greatest
Honours
which
yet
were
below
his
Merits
;
At
last
,
in
a
War
against
the
English
,
being
tho'
not
quite
a
Victor
,
yet
so
near
one
as
to
remain
unconquered
,
he
ceas'd
at
once
to
live
and
to
vanquish
,
on
the
10th
of
August
,
in
the
year
of
our
Lord
,
1653
,
New
Stile
,
and
in
the
56
year
of
his
Age.
The
States
of
the
Vnited
Netherlands
,
have
as
to
a
Hero
most
highly
deserving
from
them
,
Erected
this
Monument
.
On
the
lower
part
of
the
Tomb
,
are
written
these
following
Dutch
Verses
,
composed
by
that
famous
Holland
Poet
,
J.
V.
Vondel
.
Hier
Rust
de
Zeehelt
Tromp
de
Dappere
Besschermer
Der
Zeevaert
en
der
Zeeten
dien
van'tvrye
Land
,
Dat's
mans
gedachtnis
bewaart
in
korstig
Marmer
.
Zo
levendig
gelijk
Hy
stierf
voor
Hollandes
strand
;
Beluid
nied
moordyeschrey
en
Dondren
van
Kartouwen
,
Daar
Groot
Brittanje
in
Brand
al't
water
vich
te
kleens
;
Hy
hiest
zich
Zelv'
in
't
hert
der
Burg'ren
witehouven
;
Dat
Held
verduurt
de
praeht
van
Graf
en
Marmersteen
.
The
Sense
of
which
in
English
Prose
is
this
:
Here
lies
the
Hero
of
the
Sea
,
Tromp
that
valiant
Defender
of
Navigation
,
in
the
Service
of
this
Republick
.
'T
is
to
the
Momory
of
that
Great
Man
,
which
is
preserved
by
the
power
of
Art
,
in
this
curiously
wrought
Marble
,
as
fresh
and
lively
as
he
was
himself
,
when
he
lost
his
life
before
the
Coasts
of
Holland
,
lamented
by
the
Tears
of
the
People
,
and
by
the
Thundring
noise
of
the
Cannon
,
whereby
all
Great
Britain
was
set
on
fire
,
and
the
Sea
became
too
narrow
for
him
.
He
hath
engraven
himself
in
the
hearts
of
his
Countrymen
by
the
love
they
bore
him
,
and
hath
erected
himself
there
such
a
solid
Statue
as
will
out-last
this
stately
Tomb
,
and
the
marble
it self
of
which
it
is
composed
.
Here
is
likewise
another
Latin
Epitaph
,
which
Professor
Thysius
composed
at
the
same
time
,
and
which
was
designed
to
have
been
made
use
of
,
but
was
not
,
for
some
Reason
unknown
to
us
;
However
to
satisfie
the
Curiosity
of
the
Reader
,
we
will
insert
it
here
.
Qui
Patre
viro
fortissimo
,
ac
Hemskerkana
quoque
ad
Gades
Expeditione
inclyto
,
quique
&
ipse
Patriae
vitam
impendit
,
Genitus
,
ab
ipsa
statim
Adolescentia
per
discrimina
multa
ac
maria
,
varie
tractus
&
exercitus
,
captusque
aliquando
&
ob
maritimarum
rerum
singularem
scientiam
ipsis
etiam
hostibus
aestimatus
;
sed
inter
&
minas
autem
promissa
horum
ingentia
,
fidus
semper
Patriae
,
ac
constans
,
Libertati
ac
Patriae
redditus
,
huic
juvandae
totum
se
dedit
,
&
tandem
ad
praefecturam
Maris
admotus
,
quam
septendecim
fere
annorum
non
tam
spacio
,
quam
admirandis
successibus
nobilem
fecit
,
post
Duinkerkanorum
vim
saepius
,
imprimis
ad
Mardicum
,
fractam
,
post
Hispanorum
magni
Terroris
Classem
repressam
,
post
tandem
in
Cantii
litore
dissipatam
,
gestaque
alia
,
vi
hostium
ac
manu
plerumque
minor
,
sed
virtute
,
animo
,
ac
usu
,
semper
major
,
interritus
,
invictus
,
tandem
maritimo
cum
Anglis
Bello
,
Republica
praeter
expectationem
nuper
illigata
,
dum
neque
hostibus
parcit
,
neque
sibi
,
Publici
egregii
bono
devotus
glande
plumbea
percussus
victor
occubuit
,
&
insignem
Hostibus
Cladem
ac
Terrorem
,
majorem
●urbato
mari
Se●uritatem
,
Patriae
Ingens
desiderium
sui
sibi
Gloriam
nominis
Immortalem
,
se
Rei
Nilitiaeque
Navalis
Peritiae
,
Fidei
pro
Republica
,
Prudentiae
,
Fortitudinis
,
Magnanimitatis
,
ac
Constantiae
Nobilissimum
,
exprimendumque
posteris
exemplum
reliquit
.
Hoc
Monumentum
ingentium
meritorum
ergo
,
Foederatorum
Belgarum
Ordines
posuere
.
Which
in
English
is
Thus
,
Here
lies
he
,
who
being
descended
from
a
Father
who
was
a
most
valiant
man
,
famous
likewise
in
the
Victorious
Expedition
under
Admiral
Hemskerk
near
the
Straits
of
Gibraltar
,
and
who
also
himself
lost
his
life
in
the
Service
of
his
Country
,
was
even
from
his
Blooming
Youth
,
variously
engaged
,
and
exercised
in
many
dangers
and
many
Seas
,
and
sometimes
tho
when
taken
Prisoner
,
he
was
for
his
singular
knowledge
in
Marine
Affairs
,
highly
esteemed
and
courted
by
the
Enemies
themselves
,
yet
amidst
all
their
high
threats
,
and
mighty
promises
,
remained
always
faithful
and
constant
to
his
Country
;
and
being
set
at
liberty
,
and
restored
to
his
Country
,
entirely
dedicated
himself
to
its
Service
and
Defence
,
and
being
at
length
promoted
to
be
Lieutenant
Admiral
at
Sea
,
during
almost
17
years
space
,
in
which
he
exercised
that
High
Office
,
made
it
Famous
and
Renowned
,
not
so
much
for
the
number
of
years
he
held
it
,
as
for
a
Series
of
most
admirable
Successes
.
And
after
having
often
broken
the
Forces
of
the
Dunkirkers
,
but
especially
at
Mardyke
;
after
having
first
represt
the
formidable
Fleet
of
Spain
,
and
afterwards
intirely
defeated
it
upon
the
Kentish
Coast
;
after
several
other
Brave
Actions
,
wherein
,
tho
he
were
most
commonly
inferiour
to
the
Enemies
in
Force
and
Numbers
,
yet
was
ever
superiour
to
them
in
Valour
,
Courage
,
and
Experience
,
and
always
undaunted
and
unconquered
:
At
last
the
Republick
being
of
late
unexpectedly
ingaged
in
a
Sea
War
with
the
English
,
whilst
he
spared
neither
the
Enemies
nor
himself
,
but
was
wholly
devoted
to
the
publick
good
,
the
most
Glorious
Cause
he
could
espouse
,
being
struck
with
Musket-shot
,
he
fell
a
Victor
,
leaving
great
Loss
and
Terrour
to
the
Enemies
,
a
greater
security
to
the
disturbed
Sea
,
a
sensible
regret
and
sorrow
for
his
loss
,
to
his
Countrey
,
to
himself
an
immortal
and
most
glorious
name
,
and
in
his
person
,
a
most
Noble
and
Heroick
Example
,
most
worthy
by
all
Posterity
to
be
imitated
,
of
incomparable
skill
in
the
art
of
Navigation
,
and
military
Naval
conduct
,
of
Loyalty
to
the
Republick
,
and
of
Prudence
,
Fortitude
,
Magnanimity
and
Constancy
;
in
acknowledgement
of
which
vast
Merits
,
the
States
of
the
Vnited
Netherlands
have
erected
to
him
this
Monument
.
And
indeed
that
valiant
Man
may
be
said
to
have
ma●e
his
Fortune
in
Arms
,
without
any
other
Support
or
Backers
than
his
own
personal
Merit
and
Bravery
.
He
was
born
at
the
Brill
,
in
the
year
1597
,
and
was
but
9
years
old
when
he
began
to
go
to
Sea
,
with
his
Father
,
Captain
Harpert
Martin
Tromp
,
with
whom
he
was
present
at
the
famous
Battle
fought
near
Gibraltar
under
the
Conduct
of
Admiral
Hemskirk
.
Some
time
after
,
following
his
Father
again
in
a
Cruise
he
made
towards
Cape
Verd
,
or
the
Coast
of
Guiney
,
where
being
attackt
by
an
English
Privateer
,
his
Father
lost
his
Life
in
the
Skirmish
,
and
after
so
sensible
a
loss
,
the
Ship
being
taken
by
the
said
Privateer
,
young
Tromp
was
constrain'd
to
serve
the
Captain
as
his
Cabbin
Boy
for
about
two
years
and
a
half
,
but
afterwards
,
he
found
means
to
disengage
himself
.
From
that
time
forward
,
he
got
some
Employments
.
In
the
year
1617
he
was
made
Quartermaster
under
Captain
Mooy
Lambert
,
and
afterwards
Pilot
or
Master
of
the
same
Ship
.
After
having
made
a
Voyage
towards
the
Straits
,
in
a
Merchant
Ship
called
the
Tuchthuys
;
he
was
taken
by
the
Turks
,
but
by
the
particular
favour
of
the
Bassa
of
Algier
,
he
was
released
.
In
the
year
1622
,
he
was
made
a
Lieutenant
under
Captain
Bagyn
,
and
after
a
little
while
,
removed
into
Captain
Jonge
Boes's
Ship
in
the
same
Quality
.
Two
years
after
,
Prince
Maurice
made
him
Captain
of
a
little
Frigat
which
carried
but
40
men
,
so
that
having
run
through
all
manner
of
Sea
Employments
,
there
was
nothing
done
remarkable
at
Sea
during
the
ensuing
years
,
but
he
was
present
at
it
,
giving
every
where
signal
proofs
of
his
Great
Vertue
and
Conduct
.
In
the
year
1629
,
De
Hein
who
had
made
himself
famous
by
taking
some
Spanish
Galleons
laden
with
Silver
,
being
made
Lieutenant
Admiral
of
Holland
,
put
again
to
Sea
in
the
Ship
called
the
Green
Dragon
,
which
was
a
very
fleet
Sailer
,
but
was
soon
after
unfortunately
killed
by
Tromp's
side
.
The
Testimony
he
gave
of
Tromp
is
altogether
remarkable
.
He
had
,
said
he
,
known
many
brave
Captains
,
in
whom
he
had
however
still
found
some
failing
or
other
,
but
in
Tromp
he
professed
he
never
had
observed
any
thing
but
what
was
great
and
vertuous
,
and
therefore
judg'd
him
to
possess
all
the
happy
Qualities
necessary
in
an
Admiral
.
The
Ship
that
Heins
was
in
,
was
,
as
we
have
said
,
a
very
good
Sailer
,
but
after
he
was
dead
,
it
was
by
favour
given
to
another
and
not
to
Tromp
,
at
which
,
he
was
so
sensibly
displeased
,
that
out
of
meer
indignation
he
quitted
the
Sea
,
and
retired
into
the
Country
,
where
he
exercised
an
employment
that
only
at
a
distance
related
to
Marine
Affairs
.
In
the
year
1637
Lieutenant
Admiral
Dorp
having
quitted
the
service
,
Prince
Frederick
Henry
,
upon
the
recommendation
of
the
States
of
Holland
,
gave
the
Command
of
the
Fleet
to
Tromp
,
in
quality
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
,
with
a
provisional
Commission
only
for
one
year
:
which
time
being
expired
,
the
Prince
granted
him
a
Continuation
of
it
with
a
more
ample
Commission
.
In
the
sequel
,
he
got
a
great
deal
of
Honour
,
and
signalized
himself
in
divers
Battles
which
he
fought
against
the
Dunkirkers
,
the
Spaniards
,
the
Portuguese
,
and
the
English
,
so
that
he
was
lookt
upon
by
all
the
Nations
of
Europe
,
to
be
the
ablest
and
most
valiant
Sea
Commander
of
the
Age
in
which
he
lived
.
He
was
so
tenderly
beloved
by
the
Seamen
,
that
both
the
Captains
and
Mariners
used
to
call
him
their
Father
,
and
Tromp
out
of
a
Reciprocal
love
to
them
,
used
to
call
them
likewise
,
his
Children
.
But
there
was
nothing
so
admirable
in
him
as
the
Moderation
,
and
cool
and
sedate
Temper
of
blood
which
he
shewed
in
the
greatest
heat
of
a
fight
in
which
he
Commanded
.
For
he
appeared
as
quiet
and
composed
when
he
gave
his
Orders
,
as
if
he
had
been
at
home
in
his
own
house
under
safe
shelter
from
all
dangers
.
But
to
recontinue
the
thred
of
our
Discourse
,
de
Ruiter's
Ship
which
was
quite
disabled
to
keep
the
Sea
any
longer
,
was
carried
out
of
the
fight
by
Captain
Aldertsz
,
and
arrived
about
the
Dusk
of
Night
,
before
the
Meuse
.
The
next
day
two
Gentlemen
came
on
board
the
Admiral
,
and
delivered
him
a
Letter
from
the
States
of
Holland
in
which
their
High
and
Mightinesses
demanded
of
him
an
account
of
the
success
of
the
Battle
,
and
of
the
destiny
of
their
Fleet.
De
Ruiter
answered
the
States
,
and
in
few
words
related
to
them
all
the
Circumstances
of
the
Battle
according
to
the
best
knowledge
he
had
of
them
.
The
day
following
he
entered
into
the
Meuse
,
where
Vice-Admiral
Evertsz
came
to
him
from
Goree
,
and
brought
him
a
Letter
from
the
States
General
,
by
which
he
was
Ordered
to
remove
into
Evertsz's
Galleot
,
and
to
go
along
joyntly
with
him
,
in
search
of
the
Fleet.
Pursuant
to
which
,
they
sailed
along
by
the
Coast
,
and
found
Captain
Taneman
to
the
Northward
of
the
Meuse
,
whose
Ship
being
already
sunk
14
Fathom
deep
under
Water
,
shewed
nothing
but
the
very
Tops
of
her
M●sts
.
At
about
2
miles
from
Scheveling
,
they
found
Captain
Swart
at
Anchor
,
who
Commanded
a
Ship
fraighted
by
the
●ast-India
Company
.
De
Ruiter
and
Evertsz
then
Rowed
off
further
into
the
Sea
,
to
learn
what
news
they
could
of
the
Enemies
Fleet.
The
13th
of
the
same
Month
,
they
came
towards
the
Texel
,
where
they
found
the
Holland
Fleet
to
be
84
sail
strong
of
Men
of
War
,
besides
12
more
that
were
in
the
Meuse
,
at
Goree
,
or
▪
in
Zealand
,
so
that
,
if
they
gave
a
true
account
,
the
Dutch
lost
in
all
but
9
Ships
in
the
whole
Fight
,
as
has
been
already
said
.
The
States
General
of
the
United
Provinces
being
willing
to
perswade
all
Europe
,
that
it
was
not
without
some
grounds
,
they
gloried
to
have
gained
considerable
advantages
in
that
Battle
,
since
they
had
thereby
freed
their
Coasts
and
Harbors
from
the
oppression
of
the
English
,
who
had
a
long
time
held
them
straightly
block'd
up
and
besieged
,
used
all
possible
care
to
make
their
interrupted
Commerce
flourish
again
.
For
that
design
,
they
assembled
a
great
Fleet
of
Merchant
Ships
,
bound
part
of
them
to
the
North
,
and
part
to
the
Westward
;
besides
which
,
there
were
several
others
bound
homewards
from
the
Indies
,
and
from
divers
parts
of
Europe
,
which
waited
in
the
Sound
,
or
in
the
Ports
of
Norway
,
for
a
Convoy
.
Vice-Admiral
de
Wit
to
whom
the
chief
Command
of
the
Fleet
was
then
given
,
set
sail
the
10th
.
of
September
,
with
a
Fleet
of
40
sail
,
Composed
of
the
Ships
that
had
suffered
the
least
damage
in
the
last
fight
.
70
Merchant
Ships
from
the
Texel
,
and
100
more
from
the
Vlie
came
out
and
joyned
him
.
On
the
30th
of
September
he
arrived
with
this
Potent
Fleet
near
little
Holms
,
where
he
met
5
East-India
Ships
,
and
a
great
many
other
Merchant
Ships
coming
from
the
Sound
under
the
Convoy
of
14
Danish
Men
of
War
,
who
unmoored
upon
his
approach
,
and
joyned
themselves
to
the
Admiral
's
Flag
.
Besides
these
,
there
joyned
him
above
160
more
,
coming
from
Mardon
,
and
other
Havens
.
And
over
and
above
all
those
,
there
came
to
him
from
time
to
time
re-inforcements
of
several
men
of
War
,
from
Holland
,
which
Augmented
his
Fleet
at
last
to
the
Number
of
76
sail
of
Men
of
War
,
which
together
with
the
Merchant
Men
,
made
up
a
Fleet
of
400
sail
;
who
all
came
happily
into
the
Texel
or
the
Vlie
at
the
beginning
of
November
,
without
meeting
any
English
,
tho'
they
were
then
at
Sea
with
a
Fleet
of
50
sail
of
strong
Men
of
War
.
The
States
having
resolved
to
keep
their
Fleet
out
at
Sea
all
Winer
,
the
Men
of
War
that
were
to
compose
it
kept
about
the
Texel
,
to
take
in
Provisions
of
Victuals
,
when
a
furious
Tempest
arising
,
had
like
to
have
destroyed
them
.
The
Fleet
then
consisted
of
76
Men
of
War
,
as
we
have
said
,
besides
two
Flutes
laden
with
Ammunition
and
Provision
.
Assoon
as
the
Wind
began
to
freshen
,
they
set
sail
towards
the
Main
Sea
,
and
came
to
an
Anchor
within
2
miles
and
a
half
to
the
Eastward
of
Kykduin
.
The
Wind
freshning
again
on
the
9th
.
of
November
,
before
day
,
blew
afterwards
so
fiercely
and
with
so
much
violence
,
from
the
West-North-West
,
turning
sometimes
full
to
the
North-West
,
that
several
Ships
were
driven
upon
their
Anchors
,
and
others
having
cut
down
their
Main
masts
run
into
the
Texel
,
without
considering
the
great
danger
they
thereby
exposed
themselves
to
.
The
night
following
the
blustering
Weather
still
continued
,
and
the
next
day
grew
so
furious
,
mixt
with
a
fierce
storm
of
hail
,
that
Vice-Admiral
de
Wit
and
10
other
Ships
of
the
Fleet
were
thereby
driven
from
their
Moorings
,
several
perish'd
,
and
others
were
stranded
upon
the
Coasts
.
On
the
third
day
the
Tempest
abated
a
little
,
when
of
so
potent
a
Fleet
there
remained
but
47
Ships
,
23
of
which
had
had
all
their
Masts
and
Rigging
blown
away
close
by
the
board
.
But
such
a
disaster
as
that
had
been
in
some
measure
more
supportable
if
it
had
not
been
unhappily
follow'd
by
the
sad
news
of
the
loss
of
12
or
13
men
of
War
that
had
likewise
perish't
together
with
a
Fleet
laden
with
Ammunition
,
and
several
Merchant
Ships
,
and
a
great
many
people
with
them
.
There
were
some
Ships
all
whose
men
were
drown'd
without
so
much
as
one
Person
escaping
:
And
they
which
were
left
were
so
endamaged
,
that
when
the
Weather
grew
calm
,
they
were
forced
to
return
into
their
Harbours
to
repair
and
resit
themselves
.
Neither
did
the
English
Fleet
come
off
at
a
much
Cheaper
rate
,
for
after
being
very
roughly
used
by
the
Tempest
,
the
Parliament
thinking
them
uncapable
to
keep
the
Sea
any
longer
,
ordered
them
to
put
into
their
Ports
to
be
disarmed
.
About
that
time
there
was
spread
abroad
in
Holland
a
Lamentable
report
of
the
deplorable
condition
into
which
the
Dutch
prisoners
in
England
were
reduced
,
and
the
cruel
treatment
reported
to
be
used
to
them
there
,
which
excited
a
most
raging
and
furious
resentment
in
all
people
at
such
supposed
barbarity
.
Their
Number
was
about
900
,
who
were
said
to
be
most
of
them
shut
up
in
the
then
old
decayed
,
unfinish't
and
uncovered
College
of
Chelsey
,
between
four
bare
walls
,
in
the
wide
fields
,
exposed
to
the
open
skie
,
and
to
all
the
rigours
of
the
season
,
laid
only
upon
straw
without
any
thing
to
cover
them
:
so
that
many
of
them
not
able
to
endure
that
misery
died
.
Nay
,
and
't
was
affirmed
further
,
that
the
hard-heartedness
of
the
English
proceeded
so
far
against
those
poor
wretches
,
as
to
forbid
those
of
the
Dutch
Nation
that
lived
at
London
,
to
assist
them
as
they
had
before
done
'till
towards
the
end
of
the
Month
of
August
,
having
expended
from
the
beginning
to
that
time
above
500
l.
Sterlin
in
relieving
them
,
so
that
coming
afterwards
to
want
that
charitable
assistance
,
many
of
them
languish'd
to
death
.
Some
of
them
looking
upon
the
peril
of
an
inevitable
death
as
the
lesser
evil
of
the
two
,
preferred
it
before
so
many
sufferings
,
and
endeavoured
to
make
their
escapes
,
tho'
with
the
evident
hazard
of
breaking
their
necks
,
by
clambering
over
the
Walls
,
but
when
any
of
them
were
perceived
so
attempting
,
the
Soldiers
would
not
fail
most
mercilesly
to
shoot
them
,
or
else
to
run
them
through
with
their
swords
.
But
it
must
be
considered
indeed
that
this
was
the
cruelty
of
a
then
lawless
people
,
and
no
worse
than
what
they
had
used
to
their
own
Countrymen
,
and
their
own
natural
Prince
,
and
his
most
faithful
servants
,
and
so
is
the
less
to
be
wondred
at
,
and
not
imputable
to
that
nation
in
more
regular
times
.
However
notwithstanding
all
those
cruelties
,
some
stole
away
from
the
vigilance
of
their
guards
,
in
spite
of
all
the
exactness
they
could
use
,
and
amongst
the
rest
,
Captain
Schellinger
who
was
one
of
those
unhappy
captives
,
found
means
to
escape
and
to
get
into
Holland
,
where
he
made
a
dismal
Relation
of
all
those
inhumanities
.
But
soon
after
,
the
Prisoners
on
both
sides
were
exchanged
.
During
the
last
expedition
that
the
Vice-Admirals
de
Wit
and
de
Ruiter
had
newly
made
together
,
the
States
of
Holland
had
been
deliberating
upon
the
choice
of
a
fit
person
worthily
to
supply
the
place
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
,
vacant
by
the
death
of
the
Incomparable
Tromp
:
And
their
opinions
were
so
divided
thereupon
,
that
they
knew
not
well
what
to
determine
in
the
matter
.
Vice-Admiral
de
Wit
,
they
knew
well
enough
to
be
a
man
that
had
given
signal
proofs
of
his
Courage
,
and
to
be
one
of
them
that
ha●
some
pretension
to
aspire
to
so
great
an
Employment
,
but
when
they
considered
his
odd
humour
,
and
that
by
a
certain
rude
and
Imperious
way
he
had
of
Commanding
,
he
had
rais'd
no
small
aversion
to
him
in
the
Minds
of
most
of
the
Captains
and
Seamen
,
the
States
were
fearfull
to
repose
so
great
a
trust
entirely
in
him
.
On
the
other
side
,
they
were
sensible
enough
,
they
could
not
make
choice
of
another
which
was
no
more
than
his
equal
,
and
much
less
of
one
that
was
inferiour
to
him
,
without
giving
him
an
Extraordinary
cause
of
Jealousie
,
and
indeed
without
doing
him
a
manifest
injustice
;
and
yet
,
that
if
they
should
not
admit
him
to
that
Employment
,
it
was
to
be
feared
,
that
the
dissention
that
would
undoubtedly
arise
upon
that
occasion
amongst
the
General
Officers
of
the
Fleet
,
might
draw
after
it
most
pernicious
and
disastrous
consequences
,
whenever
they
happened
to
come
to
an
Engagement
.
At
last
therefore
after
having
judiciously
weighed
an
affair
of
such
high
Importance
,
they
thought
fit
to
make
choice
of
a
Person
as
Recomendable
for
his
Merit
,
as
his
Birth
and
noble
Extraction
,
who
was
descended
from
the
ancient
and
illustrious
house
of
Wassenaer
,
whose
Valour
and
great
Capacity
in
Marine
affairs
was
known
to
all
the
World
;
And
that
was
Mr.
Opdam
,
Collonel
of
a
Regiment
of
Horse
,
and
Governour
of
Heusden
,
whose
Father
likewise
formerly
exercised
the
same
Employment
.
Besides
Mr.
Opdam
,
they
proposed
likewise
Lewis
of
Nassau
,
natural
Son
to
Prince
Maurice
;
but
both
their
inclinations
having
been
preconsulted
in
the
case
,
they
both
declined
it
with
an
obliging
excuse
.
However
,
Pensionary
de
Wit
,
and
some
other
Members
of
the
State
,
to
whom
their
High
and
Mightinesses
had
left
the
care
of
that
affair
,
managed
it
so
well
,
that
on
the
22d
.
of
September
,
Mr.
Opdam
was
elected
Lieutenant
Admiral
,
under
certain
conditions
.
The
States
of
Holland
being
likewise
convinced
that
the
providing
of
a
sufficient
Number
of
able
General
Sea
Commanders
was
a
thing
that
contributed
very
much
to
the
gaining
of
a
Naval
Victory
,
De
Ruiter
made
Vice-Admiral
of
Holland
.
and
that
the
United
Provinces
might
reap
very
great
advantages
thereby
,
decreed
,
about
the
Month
of
November
,
that
in
every
College
of
Admiralty
of
their
province
;
there
should
be
establisht
a
Vice
Admiral
,
and
a
Rear-Admiral
according
to
the
Laudable
Custom
practised
in
the
College
of
the
Meuse
.
De
Ruiter
was
not
forgot
in
this
Rencounter
;
for
the
very
same
day
when
that
great
man
expected
to
have
perish't
by
the
terrible
Tempest
he
suffered
near
the
Texel
,
he
was
constituted
Vice-Admiral
of
Holland
in
the
College
of
the
Admiralty
of
Amsterdam
.
Rear
Admiral
Florisz
was
advanced
to
the
Dignity
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
of
the
North
;
Captain
Verbaaf
was
elected
Rear
Admiral
of
the
Admiralty
of
Rotterdam
;
Cornelius
Tromp
made
Rear
Admiral
of
Holland
.
Cornelius
Tromp
Eldest
Son
of
the
late
Lieutenant
Admiral
of
that
name
,
was
also
created
Rear
Admiral
of
the
Admiralty
of
Amsterdam
,
and
Cornelius
de
Boet
was
made
Rear
Admiral
of
the
Admiralty
of
the
North.
The
States
were
willing
by
this
promotion
,
not
only
to
shew
young
Tromp
some
token
of
their
acknowledgement
for
the
great
services
done
by
his
renowned
Father
,
to
his
Country
,
but
likewise
in
part
,
to
recompence
his
own
Personal
deserts
,
he
having
upon
several
occasions
given
them
very
signal
marks
of
his
Extraordinary
Courage
,
and
especially
in
the
fight
at
Legorn
,
under
the
Command
of
Admiral
de
Galen
.
As
for
Vice-Admiral
de
Wit
,
he
was
placed
in
the
Admiralty
of
Rotterdam
,
that
he
might
hold
the
principal
Rank
between
the
two
other
Vice-Admirals
.
About
the
end
of
this
year
there
happened
a
Great
Revolution
in
England
.
For
Cromwel
by
his
subtile
contrivances
,
England
,
&c.
and
secret
practices
,
made
himself
the
sovereign
Arbiter
of
all
the
Affairs
of
the
Government
,
under
the
title
of
Protector
of
the
three
Kingdoms
;
so
that
seeing
himself
thereby
possess'd
of
more
force
and
power
than
any
one
of
the
Kings
that
had
Reigned
before
him
,
his
next
thoughts
were
wholly
taken
up
with
seeking
out
and
employing
the
most
proper
means
to
secure
his
new
dignity
,
and
to
maintain
himself
in
that
supreme
and
boundless
Authority
he
so
boldly
had
assumed
,
to
which
,
Judging
the
Friendship
and
Good
Correspondence
of
the
United
Provinces
to
be
absolutely
necessary
,
he
began
underhand
to
Court
them
to
a
Peace
:
To
which
the
States
of
Holland
were
so
much
the
more
inclined
,
because
they
were
in
some
consternation
at
their
late
losses
,
and
knew
well
enough
that
England
at
that
time
was
in
a
condition
to
come
again
upon
them
with
greater
force
than
ever
,
and
perhaps
totally
to
crush
their
Sea
power
,
and
give
a
mortal
stroke
to
their
already
agonizing
Commerce
,
before
they
could
furnish
themselves
with
a
sufficient
recruit
of
strong
and
defensive
Ships
,
(
which
must
be
a
work
of
time
,
and
of
peace
,
)
to
oppose
such
a
rough
Enemy
with
whom
nothing
was
to
be
got
but
a
fruitless
and
heavy
loss
both
of
Blood
and
Treasure
,
the
Prodigious
expences
of
that
War
together
with
the
daily
and
vast
losses
sustained
by
their
Rich
Merchants
,
being
a
burden
too
insupportable
for
them
to
bear
much
longer
.
And
besides
,
the
Domestick
troubles
in
their
Provinces
increased
day
by
day
so
much
upon
them
,
upon
that
occasion
,
that
they
thought
nothing
but
a
good
Peace
with
England
would
be
able
to
appease
them
,
by
restoring
Tranquility
and
their
usual
Freedom
of
trade
to
their
people
.
Besides
that
,
another
powerfull
reason
prevailed
much
with
them
at
that
time
to
influence
them
to
a
Peace
,
which
was
to
prevent
those
growing
Factions
that
aimed
at
the
Election
of
a
Captain
General
,
or
a
stadtholder
,
which
they
were
afraid
would
have
forced
them
against
their
wills
,
to
be
Honest
,
Just
and
Gratefull
to
the
Illustrious
and
August
House
of
Orange
,
which
they
had
no
Mind
to
be
at
that
time
,
nor
perhaps
never
would
if
the
Terror
of
the
French
Arms
afterwards
,
and
the
imminent
destruction
of
the
State
,
had
not
unanimously
inspirited
the
people
to
put
more
Generous
and
publick
minded
patriots
at
the
Helm
,
who
restored
this
almost
overturned
State
to
its
pristine
stability
and
prosperity
,
by
restoring
to
them
the
necessary
assistances
and
services
of
that
most
Noble
and
Ancient
house
,
which
were
always
the
very
vitals
of
this
Republick
,
and
by
rendering
to
the
princely
Heir
of
it
,
those
Honours
,
Dignities
and
Emoluments
,
which
merits
never
to
be
cancelled
or
superannuated
,
had
made
as
inseparably
necessary
for
the
Common
good
,
as
indispnesibly
due
to
him
.
Having
then
,
as
we
have
already
said
renewed
the
Negotiation
for
that
purpose
,
the
year
before
,
upon
these
weighty
considerations
,
they
now
pressed
it
on
with
so
much
earnestness
,
that
after
many
obstracles
,
THE
LIFE
OF
Cornelius
Tromp
,
Lieutenant
Admiral
of
Holland
and
of
West-Friesland
.
The
Second
BOOK
.
WHILST
the
two
formidable
powers
of
England
and
Holland
were
thus
in
vain
consuming
all
their
Forces
by
such
a
cruel
War
as
that
of
which
we
have
above
related
the
principal
Events
,
the
Corsairs
of
Barbary
,
being
secured
by
these
troubles
from
any
power
able
to
Curb
their
Excursions
,
ranged
about
without
controul
,
and
made
all
Europe
feel
the
smart
of
their
outragious
Pyracies
,
so
that
the
Commerce
of
the
Christians
to
the
Levant
was
so
miserably
interrupted
,
that
there
was
nothing
to
be
heard
of
in
those
parts
,
but
the
continual
losses
of
the
Merchants
trafficking
that
way
.
Nay
,
and
the
Insolence
of
those
Barbarians
was
advanced
to
that
height
,
that
not
contenting
themselves
to
Pyrate
upon
the
Mediterranean
,
they
impudently
ventured
to
appear
upon
the
Ocean
,
and
make
Excursions
as
far
as
the
Coasts
of
Portugal
;
And
shew'd
themselves
near
the
Cape
St.
Vincent
,
with
Fleets
some
times
of
above
20
sail
of
Men
of
War
well
mounted
and
appointed
for
service
,
and
keeping
the
Mouth
of
the
Streights
shut
up
,
they
snapt
up
all
the
Merchant
Ships
that
came
thither
from
the
four
corners
of
the
World
,
who
by
that
means
fell
as
't
were
into
those
Rovers
Mouths
.
For
the
redressing
of
all
these
mischiefs
,
after
the
Peace
was
concluding
with
England
,
the
Admiralty
of
Amsterdam
sent
de
Ruiter
into
the
Mediterranean
with
5
men
of
War
,
partly
to
Convoy
outward
some
Merchant
Ships
,
and
partly
to
Conduct
others
homewards
at
his
return
.
He
therefore
set
out
from
the
Texel
,
the
17th
of
June
,
with
14
Merchant
Ships
,
accompanied
by
the
Captains
,
Brakel
,
Verburg
,
Ooms
,
and
Pietersz
.
In
his
way
,
he
joyned
Rear-Admiral
Tromp
with
the
Captains
,
Vander
Hulst
,
Verveen
,
Huiskin's
and
6
Merchant
Ships
,
that
sail'd
out
of
the
Texel
,
two
days
before
him
;
And
proceeding
from
thence
together
as
far
as
Ayamonte
,
they
took
leave
,
and
parted
one
from
the
other
.
De
Ruiter
past
the
Streights
steering
his
course
towards
Legorn
,
where
he
staid
,
upon
the
instant
solicitation
of
the
Dutch
Merchants
there
,
about
the
space
of
a
Month
,
to
wait
the
coming
in
of
some
more
of
them
.
During
his
stay
there
,
the
Captains
Verburg
and
Ooms
,
saild
away
for
Venice
,
to
convoy
from
thence
5
Merchant
Men.
De
Ruiter
having
unmoored
from
Legorn
,
set
sail
towards
the
Island
of
Minorca
,
and
from
thence
proceeded
to
Alicant
,
Cartagena
,
and
Malaga
,
where
he
was
informed
,
that
there
were
arrived
at
Cales
,
2
Zealand
men
of
War
Commanded
by
the
Captains
Mangelaar
and
Water
Drinker
,
who
were
ready
to
return
for
Zealand
assoon
as
some
Merchant
Ships
of
that
Province
should
have
taken
in
their
freight
.
Upon
which
advice
,
he
left
the
rest
of
his
Squadron
at
Malaga
,
to
convoy
thence
the
Wine
Fleet
,
and
setting
Sail
the
29th
.
of
September
,
he
arrived
in
the
beginning
of
October
in
the
bay
of
Cadiz
,
and
Anchored
there
.
At
his
arrival
,
the
Dutch
Consul
,
and
chief
Merchants
of
his
Nation
came
on
board
him
,
and
with
a
sensible
displeasure
delivered
him
some
Letters
from
Sally
,
which
related
with
how
much
inhumanity
the
Sid
treated
the
Hollanders
,
upon
the
taking
of
a
Flute
from
them
near
Mamora
called
the
Hound
,
by
Rear
Admiral
Tromp
,
and
the
Sid
highly
incensed
thereat
,
having
by
way
of
reprisal
,
seized
3
Merchant
Ships
of
Amsterdam
full
freighted
,
had
imprisoned
all
the
Masters
and
men
in
the
said
Ships
,
and
threatned
to
make
them
slaves
,
unless
the
Flute
and
her
Cargo
were
speedily
restored
.
In
the
same
Letters
it
was
intimated
,
that
the
Prisoners
passionately
desired
,
that
de
Ruiter
would
come
to
Sally
,
in
hopes
they
should
obtain
their
Liberty
by
the
influence
of
his
great
Experience
,
and
the
acquaintance
he
had
formerly
made
with
the
Sid.
De
Ruiter
accordingly
being
willing
to
prevent
those
growing
troubles
,
and
the
mischievous
consequences
they
might
draw
after
them
,
set
sail
the
6th
.
of
October
,
accompanied
with
the
Captains
,
Mangelaar
and
Water
Drinker
,
and
arrived
in
Sally
road
the
10th
.
of
the
same
Month.
The
next
day
he
received
a
Letter
from
the
Dutch
Consul
,
informing
him
,
how
that
the
Sid
,
extremely
provoked
at
the
Hostility
committed
by
Rear
Admiral
Tromp
,
had
sent
for
him
into
his
Palace
,
and
had
demanded
of
him
an
indemnification
for
the
Ship
and
her
Cargo
that
was
taken
,
telling
him
that
as
Consul
of
the
Dutch
Nation
,
he
was
respo●sible
for
the
damages
done
by
the
Dutch
men
of
War
,
Adding
,
that
after
he
had
answered
all
those
complaints
as
well
as
he
could
,
he
had
promised
the
Prince
of
Sally
,
to
write
to
Tromp
to
come
himself
in
person
to
that
road
,
to
justifie
himself
and
to
pray
him
in
the
mean
while
not
to
suffer
the
Cargo
of
the
said
Ship
to
be
meddled
with
;
that
having
accordingly
written
such
a
Letter
,
Tromp
thereupon
came
to
Sally
road
accompanied
with
Captain
Huiskens
,
from
whence
he
had
notified
to
the
Sid
by
a
Letter
,
THat
the
Ship
he
had
seized
,
That
after
the
reading
of
that
Letter
,
the
Sid
answered
,
he
could
give
no
credit
to
it
,
for
that
he
could
not
believe
,
that
Rear-Admiral
Tromp
would
have
dared
to
venture
upon
any
such
attempt
upon
those
of
Sally
,
without
Express
Orders
from
the
States
so
to
do
;
Adding
,
that
on
the
other
side
,
if
it
were
true
that
he
had
acted
as
he
had
done
without
the
Consent
or
Privity
of
his
Masters
,
he
had
no
occasion
to
wait
their
Orders
for
the
Restitution
of
the
Prize
in
Question
to
its
right
owners
.
De
Vries
likewise
informed
de
Ruiter
withall
,
that
the
Prince
of
Sally's
answer
could
not
be
carried
on
board
of
Tromp
,
because
the
Sea
was
then
so
very
rough
,
that
no
Boat
durst
stir
out
of
the
Port
,
so
that
Tromp
not
being
able
to
stay
any
longer
there
,
hoisted
sail
,
and
went
away
for
Cales
.
He
reported
likewise
that
the
Sid
two
or
three
days
before
his
departure
,
had
caused
the
Master
of
the
Ship
called
the
Tyger
to
be
seized
and
imprisoned
with
all
his
Men
,
after
he
had
given
leave
to
two
other
Ships
of
Amsterdam
,
to
unmoor
.
Vice
Admiral
de
Ruiter
sent
likewise
the
same
day
a
Letter
to
the
Prince
of
Sally
,
That
upon
his
arrival
at
Cadiz
,
he
had
with
much
displeasure
heard
of
the
difference
caused
by
the
taking
of
the
Flute
,
called
the
Hound
:
and
how
that
in
Consequence
of
it
,
The
Master
of
the
Ship
,
Walishsz
with
all
his
Men
had
been
seized
;
which
News
had
obliged
him
with
all
diligence
to
come
before
Sally
,
to
assure
his
Highness
,
that
their
High
and
Mightinesses
,
the
States
General
had
no
other
design
than
to
preserve
and
maintain
the
Treaty
of
Peace
concluded
with
Sally
;
And
if
there
had
hapned
any
thing
prejudicial
to
it
,
by
the
seizure
of
a
Vessel
through
mistake
the
States
having
nothing
so
much
to
heart
as
Peace
would
be
sensibly
concerned
at
it
:
That
for
his
own
particular
he
was
extremely
sorry
,
that
the
Orders
of
the
States
his
Masters
would
not
permit
him
to
leave
his
Ship
,
and
go
ashore
to
kiss
his
Highnesses
hands
,
and
wish
him
a
long
and
happy
Reign
;
as
undoubtedly
promising
himself
withall
,
that
if
he
could
but
have
the
advantage
to
tell
him
his
reasons
by
word
of
Mouth
,
that
he
would
be
fully
satisfied
with
them
,
and
would
thereby
be
induced
gladly
to
renew
the
Friendship
that
had
so
long
continued
between
the
Vnited
Provinces
and
the
people
of
Sally
;
and
in
fine
,
since
necessity
engaged
him
to
stay
on
board
his
Ship
,
He
prayed
the
Sid
,
to
be
pleased
to
give
leave
to
the
Consul
de
Uries
,
and
to
Walishsz
,
the
Mr.
of
the
Ship
that
was
seized
,
to
come
to
him
to
inform
him
more
amply
of
all
things
,
that
so
he
might
be
able
to
write
of
them
more
at
large
to
his
Highness
.
The
Reading
of
this
Letter
that
was
translated
into
Spanish
,
so
extraordinarily
satisfied
the
Prince
of
Sally
,
that
he
immediately
consented
,
that
the
Consul
should
go
on
board
the
Admiral
.
He
likewise
at
the
same
time
ordered
30
Sheep
,
14
Bullocks
,
and
some
other
Refreshments
to
be
got
ready
,
to
be
presented
to
Vice
Admiral
de
Ruiter
,
by
two
Deputies
;
and
some
days
after
,
sent
him
a
Letter
,
expressing
,
de
Ruiter
.
That
he
had
secured
himself
by
way
of
Provision
,
of
the
Ship
Tyger
,
till
the
Vessel
taken
by
Rear
Admiral
Tromp
should
be
restored
;
But
that
however
,
he
gave
full
liberty
to
all
other
Dutch
Ships
,
to
go
out
of
and
come
into
his
Ports
,
for
that
he
was
resolved
to
continue
to
entertain
a
perfect
good
Correspondence
with
the
Vnited
Provinces
,
&c.
Affairs
were
there
upon
that
foot
,
when
De
Ruiter
was
forced
by
a
sudden
Tempest
,
to
weigh
Anchor
,
and
sail
away
from
Cadiz
,
from
whence
he
returned
back
into
Holland
with
a
Merchant
Fleet
that
had
put
themselves
under
his
Convoy
,
and
arrived
at
the
Texel
about
the
end
of
the
Month.
The
States
General
of
the
United
Provinces
being
desirous
to
free
the
Sea
for
the
Yoke
of
the
Corsairs
of
Barbary
,
and
at
the
same
time
to
prevent
the
troubles
that
were
like
to
arise
at
Sally
,
gave
order
to
de
Ruiter
,
to
pass
again
into
the
Mediterranean
,
with
a
Squadron
of
8
men
of
War
,
and
2
Advice
Yachts
.
His
Commission
which
was
signed
the
29th
.
of
June
,
Imported
,
that
he
and
the
other
Captains
of
his
Squadron
,
where
or
whensoever
they
should
happen
to
meet
any
of
the
Corsairs
of
Barbary
,
and
especially
them
of
Tetuan
,
Algiers
,
Tunis
,
or
Tripoli
,
on
this
side
the
Kingdom
of
Candy
,
giving
chace
to
any
Ships
belonging
to
the
States
Subjects
,
they
should
attack
them
,
and
sink
or
burn
them
,
if
possible
;
That
all
Voluntary
Renegado's
found
on
board
any
of
the
Corsairs
should
be
punish'd
with
death
;
But
the
others
that
turned
so
from
their
youth
,
or
were
forced
to
become
so
by
necessity
,
especially
if
they
had
rendered
any
services
or
good
Offices
to
the
Christian
slaves
,
and
seemed
to
Compassionate
their
misfortune
,
should
be
spared
,
and
distributed
into
the
States
Ships
;
that
the
Turks
and
Moors
should
be
publickly
sold
,
and
the
Money
arising
by
their
sale
,
should
be
laid
up
:
That
the
Christian
slaves
should
be
set
at
liberty
,
and
put
ashore
,
if
they
desired
it
,
or
else
entertained
in
the
Ships
,
and
entered
into
pay
according
to
their
respective
Capacities
:
That
he
should
likewise
go
again
and
Anchor
before
Sally
,
in
order
to
enter
into
a
Negotiation
for
renewing
the
Treaty
of
Alliance
and
Amity
concluded
in
1651
,
between
the
States
General
of
the
United
Provinces
,
and
those
of
Sally
.
Accordingly
,
on
the
18th
of
July
Vice-Admiral
de
Ruiter
,
sailed
out
of
the
Texel
with
8
Men
of
War
,
and
55
Merchant
Ships
bound
for
France
,
Portugal
,
Spain
,
and
other
places
in
the
Mediterranean
;
and
on
the
3d.
of
August
,
he
arrived
in
the
bay
of
Cadiz
,
with
a
Fleet
of
44
sail
;
on
the
7th
.
he
past
the
Streights
,
steering
his
Course
towards
Malaga
,
Cartagena
and
Alicant
,
into
which
places
,
some
of
the
Merchant
Ships
entered
.
The
rest
of
them
quitted
de
Ruiter
near
the
Isle
of
Formentera
,
which
they
had
chosen
for
their
place
of
Rendezvous
,
in
case
they
should
come
to
be
separated
by
any
accident
.
De
Ruiter
departed
thence
with
design
to
go
before
Algiers
,
sending
the
Captains
,
de
Wilde
,
Sweers
,
and
Zaalingen
,
before
him
,
to
see
what
Ships
they
could
discover
riding
before
that
Town
,
so
famous
for
its
Pyracies
.
On
the
30th
.
he
began
to
come
in
sight
of
it
,
and
coming
up
with
the
Captains
he
had
sent
before
,
they
reported
to
him
,
that
they
had
been
so
near
the
Town
,
that
they
had
seen
people
walking
on
the
Cawsey
,
and
discerned
5
Ships
in
the
road
,
and
6
or
7
within
the
Mole
.
The
same
night
de
Ruiter
advanced
with
his
Squadron
,
within
Cannon
shot
of
the
Town
,
and
Anchored
in
42
Fathoms
depth
of
Water
.
The
2
Yachts
,
the
Pearl
,
and
Fortune
were
already
prepared
for
an
Enterprize
;
and
the
better
to
deceive
the
Corsairs
,
de
Ruiter
Commanded
all
his
Captains
,
to
put
up
English
Colours
.
Upon
which
,
those
Barbarians
shew'd
themselves
upon
some
small
vessels
near
the
shore
,
but
durst
not
come
very
near
the
Hollanders
.
Then
the
Dutch
Captains
being
all
summoned
on
board
the
Admiral
,
a
Council
of
War
was
held
;
wherein
it
was
resolved
,
that
in
the
night
by
favour
of
the
Land
Breezes
,
they
should
make
sail
,
to
Conduct
,
if
it
were
possible
,
their
Fire-Ships
back
by
3
men
of
War
,
up
to
the
Brigantines
to
burn
them
,
but
so
great
a
Calm
lasted
all
the
night
,
that
it
was
hard
to
know
on
which
side
the
Wind
was
.
The
next
Morning
it
continued
still
Calm
,
and
the
Dutch
perceived
that
the
5
Brigantines
that
were
in
the
Road
the
day
before
,
were
then
retired
within
the
Mole
,
so
that
it
was
not
difficult
to
Judge
by
the
Countenance
of
the
Turks
,
that
they
were
upon
their
guard
.
Whereupon
another
Council
of
War
,
being
called
,
it
was
resolved
,
that
since
by
reason
of
the
Calm
,
it
was
impossible
to
undertake
any
thing
upon
the
Enemy
,
they
should
weigh
Anchor
,
and
make
the
best
of
their
way
towards
Malaga
;
which
accordingly
was
put
in
Execution
about
noon
.
As
the
Dutch
drew
near
that
place
,
they
discovered
some
Corsair
Ships
,
to
which
they
gave
chace
;
and
on
the
17th
.
of
September
,
they
took
a
Tetuan
Brigantine
manned
with
20
Moors
,
whose
Captain
was
a
Spanish
Renegado
named
Arnando
Dias
,
who
had
done
a
great
deal
of
mischief
to
the
Christians
,
and
had
caused
very
great
losses
to
them
,
having
in
about
12
years
time
,
made
near
2000
slaves
whom
he
had
all
cruelly
sold
,
and
amongst
them
,
as
't
was
credibly
related
,
some
of
his
own
near
kindred
;
and
bragged
several
times
,
that
he
would
treat
his
own
Father
after
the
same
manner
,
if
he
fell
into
his
hands
;
And
therefore
according
to
his
Execrable
merits
,
he
was
immediately
hanged
up
upon
a
Top-mast
.
On
the
9th
.
of
the
same
Month
,
de
Ruiter
continued
on
his
Course
,
and
arrived
two
days
after
,
in
the
bay
of
Gibraltar
;
the
day
following
,
weighing
Anchor
,
he
repast
the
Streights
,
and
steered
his
Course
towards
Cadiz
,
with
design
to
make
for
the
Coast
of
Barbary
.
On
the
27th
.
he
discovered
2
Corsair
Ships
at
the
mouth
of
the
Streights
to
the
Eastward
,
and
another
to
the
South-West-ward
.
De
Ruiter
gave
chace
to
this
last
,
as
appearing
to
be
the
biggest
of
them
.
The
Corsair
made
away
as
fast
as
she
could
,
directly
towards
Arzila
,
a
little
Town
in
the
Kingdom
of
Fez
about
12
Leagues
from
Tangier
.
And
it
proved
to
be
the
Admiral
's
Ship
of
Algier
,
that
was
taken
from
the
Hollanders
but
the
year
before
,
and
by
the
Dutch
was
called
the
Wheel
of
Fortune
,
but
by
the
Turks
,
named
the
Golden
Palm-tree
.
That
Ship
was
full
as
big
as
de
Ruiter's
own
Admiral
Ship
,
and
carried
38
Guns
,
and
250
men
,
amongst
whom
were
50
Christian
slaves
that
were
forced
to
serve
on
board
her
.
De
Ruiter
chased
her
as
far
as
into
the
very
Haven
of
Arzila
,
where
with
much
ado
she
made
a
shift
to
save
her self
,
after
having
lost
many
of
her
men
in
the
fight
,
and
principally
her
Captain
who
lost
his
life
in
the
Skirmish
.
The
Dutch
Fleet
continuing
on
their
Course
,
came
and
Anchored
in
the
road
of
Sally
,
on
the
1st
.
of
October
,
after
they
had
taken
one
Turkish
Ship
and
a
Tartan
,
and
stranded
a
Renegado
Corsair
.
De
Ruiter
,
at
his
arrival
saluted
the
Town
with
9
Guns
,
the
great
Castle
answering
him
with
5
,
and
the
little
one
with
4
,
after
which
,
according
to
his
Commission
,
he
endeavoured
to
enter
into
a
Negotiation
with
the
Deputies
of
Sall
,
in
order
to
appease
the
differences
they
had
with
the
United
Provinces
;
but
he
being
delayed
several
days
without
being
able
to
do
any
thing
,
and
in
the
mean
while
receiving
advice
,
that
the
most
part
of
the
Turkish
Pyrates
kept
the
passage
of
the
Streights
shut
up
,
and
returned
daily
from
thence
to
Algiers
with
Prizes
,
he
thought
it
was
not
necessary
for
him
to
stay
in
Sally
road
with
all
his
whole
Squadron
;
but
calling
thereupon
a
Consultation
of
his
Captains
on
board
him
,
it
was
resolved
,
that
de
Wilde
,
and
Rear
Admiral
Verveen
,
and
Captain
Zaalingen
,
should
sail
away
towards
the
Streights
,
to
give
chase
to
the
Corsairs
.
And
accordingly
they
unmoor'd
with
the
New
Moon
,
steering
towards
Cadiz
,
whilst
on
the
other
side
,
Captain
Vander
Zaan
kept
out
a
cruizing
with
two
Men
of
War
more
.
De
Ruiter
in
the
mean
while
staid
with
two
of
the
ships
of
his
Squadron
,
before
Sally
▪
to
pursue
the
Negotiation
of
the
Treaty
.
In
the
midst
of
which
Transactions
,
on
the
16
of
October
he
discovered
between
Sally
and
Mamora
3
Sail
making
towards
Sally
,
but
were
kept
back
by
the
Calm
Weather
;
Upon
which
,
de
Ruiter
weighing
Anchor
,
accompanied
by
Captain
Adelaer
,
advanced
with
design
to
cut
off
their
passage
,
the
Corsairs
having
perceived
them
,
made
back
as
fast
as
they
could
,
to
the
main
Sea
again
,
the
Wind
being
then
North-North-East
,
de
Ruiter
used
all
possible
endeavours
to
get
up
with
them
,
but
night
coming
on
,
he
lost
sight
of
them
;
However
,
some
hours
after
having
discovered
them
again
,
he
boarded
one
of
them
about
3
in
the
Morning
,
by
the
assistance
of
Oars
,
notwithstanding
the
Calmness
of
the
Weather
.
At
his
very
first
firing
,
the
Turks
got
into
their
Boat
,
and
fled
away
,
leaving
no
body
on
Board
but
two
Portugueses
that
were
in
the
Ship
.
She
was
a
very
good
Sailer
of
about
90
Tuns
,
that
was
taken
by
the
Turks
near
the
Isle
of
Madera
.
The
2
others
were
Corsairs
of
Algiers
,
whereof
one
carried
26
,
and
the
other
16
Guns
,
who
made
their
escape
by
favour
of
a
fresh
gale
of
Wind
that
soon
carried
them
out
of
Reach
.
The
next
day
towards
Evening
,
de
Ruiter
returned
into
Sally
road
again
.
In
the
mean
while
,
the
Negotiation
for
a
Treaty
having
been
brought
upon
a
good
foot
by
the
Deputies
on
each
side
,
the
Turks
stood
firm
to
their
Pretentions
,
which
were
,
that
they
should
receive
an
indemnification
for
their
Ship
that
was
taken
,
till
at
last
,
after
several
Conferences
,
the
Treaty
of
Peace
was
concluded
,
and
renewed
on
the
22d
.
of
October
upon
the
following
Articles
,
1.
That
His
Highness
,
Sid
Abdala
,
Ben
Sid
Mahumad
Ben
Bukar
,
Prince
of
Fez
,
Lord
of
South
and
North
Sally
,
should
without
delay
restore
to
his
former
Liberty
,
Consul
David
de
Uries
who
was
arrested
for
some
mis-understanding
that
hapned
to
fall
out
.
2.
That
his
said
Highness
should
immediately
give
orders
for
the
Releasing
of
the
Ship
called
the
Tyger
,
and
the
Galliot
de
Ruiter
,
seized
at
Sally
,
and
likewise
their
Cargoe
,
as
much
as
was
yet
remaining
of
them
,
or
the
Equivalent
of
the
profit
arising
from
them
,
as
likewise
for
the
setting
at
liberty
all
the
Pilots
and
Mariners
belonging
to
them
.
3.
That
two
men
taken
in
a
small
Dutch
Ship
,
called
the
Arms
of
Hinlopen
,
and
sold
at
Sally
,
should
be
presently
freed
out
of
slavery
,
and
set
at
liberty
.
4.
That
the
States
General
of
the
Vnited
Provinces
on
their
part
should
cause
to
be
restored
to
his
Highness
,
that
which
had
been
seized
,
which
should
be
still
in
nature
,
or
the
profits
which
arose
from
the
Ship
,
called
the
Hound
,
taken
near
Mamora
,
by
Rear
Admiral
Tromp
the
year
before
,
upon
the
refusal
the
said
Ship
had
made
,
to
render
the
usual
salute
,
and
shew
her
Passports
.
5.
That
their
High
and
Mightinesses
,
to
Indemnify
his
Highness
for
the
loss
of
the
abovesaid
Ship
,
should
remit
to
him
the
full
enjoyment
of
the
Flute
,
called
the
White
Falcon
,
taken
at
Sea
by
those
of
Sally
,
and
seized
and
detained
to
that
present
day
.
6.
That
the
losses
and
damages
caused
to
the
Subjects
of
both
parties
by
the
differences
lately
arisen
between
them
,
shall
be
rendred
Common
,
and
forgotten
on
both
sides
.
7.
That
under
this
Common
annulling
of
the
losses
and
damages
on
both
sides
,
should
not
be
comprehended
the
lawfull
right
of
Pilot
Warebout
,
concerning
the
Confiscation
of
his
Ship
and
her
lading
,
which
the
Administrators
of
Sally
,
had
engaged
to
pay
according
to
the
account
that
had
been
delivered
in
of
them
,
which
should
subsist
till
it
were
fully
paid
.
This
Treaty
was
signed
for
the
States
General
,
by
Consul
de
Vries
,
and
Gilbert
de
Vyant
,
Fiscal
,
or
Treasurer
of
the
Fleet
,
and
lower
,
by
Vice-Admiral
de
Ruiter
,
and
sealed
with
his
seal
.
On
the
Prince
of
Sally's
side
,
it
was
signed
by
Ibrahim
Duque
,
and
Aly
Cordevees
.
After
this
business
thus
dispatcht
,
they
proceeded
to
treat
about
the
choice
of
a
signal
by
which
the
two
parties
might
know
one
another
Reciprocally
when
they
met
at
Sea
.
After
which
several
Articles
were
drawn
up
in
writing
,
in
order
to
render
the
Ancient
Treaty
of
Peace
the
more
firm
and
inviolable
▪
but
because
't
was
impossible
for
de
Ruiter
to
make
any
longer
stay
before
Sally
,
as
being
obliged
to
return
back
again
to
the
Streights
,
that
project
could
not
then
be
finish'd
only
he
promised
,
next
year
to
come
again
to
Sally
,
to
pursue
the
Execution
of
it
and
to
put
it
to
a
finishing
stroke
.
De
Ruiter
then
having
appeased
all
things
and
secured
the
Peace
on
that
side
,
unmoored
from
Sally
the
2d
of
November
,
and
sailed
towards
the
Streights
,
and
on
the
10th
.
of
the
same
Month
came
to
an
Anchor
in
the
road
of
Cadiz
.
Two
days
before
the
Captains
Vander
Zaan
,
Bosch
,
and
de
Wilde
,
had
given
chace
to
3
Turkish
Corsairs
,
one
of
which
being
pursued
by
Bosch
was
stranded
on
the
Coast
to
the
Southward
of
Larache
,
a
small
Town
in
the
Kingdom
of
Fez
about
6
miles
from
Arzila
,
from
whence
being
got
off
,
she
was
taken
.
She
proved
a
Flute
of
Lubeck
call'd
,
the
Fortune
,
taken
before
by
the
Algerines
.
De
Wilde
chased
another
which
was
a
Frigat
of
A●g●ers
,
carrying
30
Guns
,
and
250
men
,
which
likewise
run
a
ground
to
the
Southward
of
Larache
,
the
Moors
having
quitted
her
,
and
fled
away
there
were
found
on
board
her
25
Chris●ian
slaves
who
were
freed
thereby
from
the
y●ke
of
those
Barbarians
,
and
7
Renegado's
whose
lives
were
spared
,
because
tho'
it
was
in
their
power
to
have
saved
themselves
with
the
Moors
,
they
refused
to
do
it
.
But
it
being
impossible
to
get
the
Frigat
off
from
the
Coast
which
she
was
run
upon
,
she
was
burnt
.
The
third
of
these
Corsairs
being
more
fortunate
than
the
rest
,
saved
her self
by
her
swift
sailing
.
About
the
15th
.
of
November
,
de
Wilde
and
Zaalingen
attackt
an
Algerine
Frigat
,
called
the
Shepherdess
Commanded
by
a
Christian
Renegado
of
Amsterdam
,
named
Leendertsz
,
who
defended
himself
vigorously
had
above
120
Moors
killed
on
board
him
,
which
so
discouraged
the
others
,
that
they
begun
to
think
of
yielding
;
but
about
30
Christian
Renegado's
would
not
hear
of
laying
down
their
Arms
,
till
the
Hollanders
had
promised
them
by
Oath
,
to
grant
them
their
lives
.
Nay
some
of
those
wretches
were
so
desperately
bent
,
that
they
were
already
gone
down
to
clap
fire
into
the
Powder
room
to
blow
up
themselves
together
with
the
Hollanders
that
were
entred
upon
the
Deck
,
had
they
not
been
perswaded
from
that
dismal
enterprize
by
fair
words
.
There
were
found
likewise
in
this
Corsair
32
Christian
slaves
,
whereof
17
were
Dutch
Men
;
124
Moors
or
Turks
were
sold
to
the
Spaniards
,
28
Christian
Renegado's
were
condemned
to
the
King
of
Spain's
Gallies
,
for
Term
of
life
;
but
the
Captain
Leendertsz
was
saved
by
the
favour
and
at
the
request
of
the
Christian
slaves
,
because
of
the
Gentleness
and
humanity
he
had
used
towards
them
,
as
likewise
were
two
other
Renegado's
,
one
whereof
was
Mounikendam
,
and
the
other
,
a
Polander
.
On
the
20th
of
November
,
the
Captains
Vander
Zaan
,
Bosch
,
and
Adelaer
,
gave
chace
again
to
a
Brigantine
,
and
a
great
Turkish
Corsair
,
called
,
the
Golden
Eagle
,
the
last
of
which
was
chased
upon
the
Coast
near
Arzila
,
where
she
was
believed
to
have
been
stranded
,
but
having
had
nothing
but
the
handle
of
her
Rudder
broken
,
she
slink'd
away
from
the
danger
,
and
got
out
into
the
main
Sea
again
.
Vice-Admiral
de
Ruiter
having
divided
his
Squadron
into
3
parts
,
set
sail
towards
the
Streights
Mouth
,
followed
by
de
Wilde
,
de
Zaalingen
,
and
Adelaer
,
with
design
to
cruize
there
against
the
Corsairs
;
he
gave
Orders
at
the
same
time
,
to
Rear-Admiral
Verveen
,
and
Cuptain
Vander
Zaan
,
to
convoy
to
the
Northward
of
Cape
Verd
3
Merchants
richly
laden
,
and
bound
for
Amsterdam
,
because
he
had
heard
,
that
Commander
Colart
was
cruizing
off
of
that
Cape
,
with
4
or
5
French
Privateers
,
and
took
indifferently
all
Ships
he
met
with
,
without
having
any
respect
to
their
Banner
.
The
Captains
,
Sweers
and
Bosch
had
orders
to
return
to
Sally
,
as
well
to
reconduct
thither
one
of
the
Prince
of
Sally's
Deputies
,
and
de
Vries
,
the
Dutch
Consul
,
who
had
been
forced
by
the
ill
Weather
to
stay
on
board
of
Sweers
,
as
also
to
take
in
some
Letters
from
the
Consul
for
the
States
.
De
Ruiter
having
chosen
the
Mouth
of
the
Streights
to
be
the
Rendezvous
of
all
the
Ships
of
his
Squadron
,
sailed
on
the
29th
.
of
the
same
Month
,
towards
Arzila
,
and
having
a
far
off
descried
two
Ships
at
Anchor
,
resolved
to
make
up
to
them
,
upon
the
report
made
to
him
by
Captain
Leendertsz
late
of
the
Corsair
called
the
Shepherdess
,
That
they
were
the
Golden
Eagle
,
carrying
26
Guns
,
and
250
Men
to
which
before
he
had
given
chace
,
and
the
St.
Catharine
carrying
20
Guns
,
and
200
Men
all
Turks
.
Those
Pyrates
had
Anchored
very
near
the
Town
.
De
Ruiter
charged
them
vigorously
with
his
Artillery
,
and
the
Infidels
defended
themselves
with
much
obstinacy
,
till
at
last
the
St.
Catharine
,
being
shot
through
and
through
,
and
leaking
on
all
sides
,
sunk
to
the
bottom
of
the
Sea
:
Then
having
grapled
the
Golden
Eagle
,
he
made
himself
Master
of
her
,
and
after
the
fight
,
carried
her
to
Malaga
.
Out
of
those
2
Corsairs
,
there
were
20
Christians
delivered
out
of
slavery
,
50
Turks
or
Moors
made
Prisoners
,
and
all
the
rest
of
their
Men
either
escaped
to
shore
,
or
were
killed
.
Vice
Admiral
de
Ruiter
,
after
he
had
brought
the
Corsairs
of
Barbary
to
their
duty
,
and
freed
the
Sea
from
their
Robberries
,
came
on
the
15th
.
of
March
,
to
Anchor
in
the
Road
of
Malaga
,
where
he
received
a
Letter
from
the
College
of
the
Admiralty
of
Amsterdam
,
dated
the
29th
of
December
of
the
preceeding
Year
,
by
which
they
testified
themselves
to
be
very
well
satisfied
at
his
happy
Expedition
into
the
Mediterranean
,
and
Commanded
him
by
vertue
of
an
Order
from
the
States
General
,
immediately
upon
the
reading
of
that
Letter
,
to
get
all
the
Ships
of
his
Squadron
together
,
and
to
return
with
all
diligence
into
the
Ports
of
the
United
Provinces
,
without
having
regard
to
any
other
Consideration
,
how
pressing
soever
it
were
;
permiting
him
however
to
stop
8
or
10
days
at
most
in
Cadiz
road
,
to
wait
for
the
Spanish
Gallions
,
that
were
to
come
thither
,
and
to
take
under
his
Convoy
,
a
great
Number
of
Merchant
Ships
richly
laden
and
homewards
bound
for
Holland
.
Having
then
set
sail
in
Obedience
to
those
Orders
,
he
arrived
to
an
Anchor
in
Cadiz
Road
the
20th
.
of
that
Month
,
and
sailed
away
again
from
thence
on
the
15th
.
of
April
.
The
Spanish
Gallions
arriving
at
Cadiz
2
days
after
him
,
about
22
sail
of
Merchant
Ships
joyned
themselves
to
the
Admiral
's
Flag
.
with
whom
happily
continuing
his
voyage
homeward
,
he
arrived
in
the
Texel
the
2d
of
May
,
after
having
met
in
his
way
,
Withorn
Comadore
of
a
Squadron
of
7
English
Men
of
War
who
were
looking
sharp
after
the
Merchant
Fleet
laden
with
Silver
,
which
he
had
the
charge
of
Convoying
.
But
Withorn
f●nding
himself
too
weak
to
attack
him
,
stood
away
of
to
Sea
,
being
desperately
vext
that
he
had
mist
so
fair
a
hit
.
De
Ruiter
gained
in
this
Expedition
so
much
the
more
honour
,
in
that
he
took
6
great
Turkish
Corsairs
,
and
2
Brigantines
;
sunk
or
burnt
3
more
of
their
vessels
,
and
got
off
and
saved
one
of
them
,
that
was
run
ashore
;
delivered
at
the
same
time
a
considerable
Number
of
Christian
slaves
from
the
servitude
of
those
Barbarians
;
pacified
the
troubles
that
were
arising
with
those
of
Sally
,
and
at
length
terminated
so
many
happy
successes
by
Convoying
home
prosperously
into
his
Country
,
a
vast
Treasure
in
spite
of
the
vigilance
and
avidity
of
the
English
.
About
that
time
,
a
War
arose
in
the
North
between
Charles
Gustavus
King
of
Swedeland
,
and
John
Casimir
King
of
Poland
,
which
prepared
new
affairs
for
the
Hollanders
,
and
gave
great
Umbrage
to
the
States
General
of
the
United
Provinces
,
who
looking
upon
those
Troubles
as
likely
to
cause
a
great
interruption
,
if
not
a
ruin
to
their
Commerce
on
that
side
,
thought
fit
to
contribute
to
the
preservation
of
Dantzick
and
of
Prussia
,
on
which
Swedeland
might
easily
at
that
time
seize
,
unless
they
timely
opposed
it
.
The
States
therefore
knew
of
what
great
Consequence
it
was
,
to
keep
the
Sound
open
,
to
have
a
free
passage
into
the
Baltick
Sea
when
they
pleased
,
resolved
,
to
Equip
out
a
Fleet
,
a●d
to
give
the
Chief
Command
of
it
to
Lieutenant
Admiral
Opdam
.
But
whilst
that
was
preparing
,
not
to
lose
time
,
they
Ordered
De
Ruiter
,
and
Vice
Admiral
Florisz
,
and
Rear
Admiral
Tromp
,
to
get
all
the
Men
of
War
together
that
were
ready
,
and
to
sail
away
into
those
parts
before
the
Grand
Fleet.
Most
part
of
those
Ships
were
Equipt
at
Amsterdam
,
and
some
of
them
in
North
-
Holland
;
and
some
Regular
Troops
were
put
on
board
them
,
to
succour
Dantzick
,
in
case
it
should
be
besieged
by
the
Swedes
.
De
Ruiter
then
having
divided
his
Fleet
into
2
Squadrons
,
whereof
that
which
bore
the
Admiral
's
Flag
was
under
his
own
Conduct
,
and
the
other
,
under
the
Command
of
Vice
Admiral
Florisz
,
set
sail
the
last
day
of
May
,
and
on
the
8th
.
of
the
next
Month
,
came
to
an
Anchor
near
the
Sound
;
where
as
soon
as
he
was
arrived
,
he
went
on
shore
at
Elsenore
,
accompanied
by
Tromp
and
Florisz
,
and
thence
went
on
to
Copenhagen
to
confer
with
their
High
and
Mightinesses
Ambassadors
there
,
who
were
at
that
time
Mr.
Van
Beuniegen
,
Pensioner
of
Amsterdam
,
Amerongen
,
and
Van
Viersen
:
After
which
,
they
were
all
three
to
make
a
visit
to
the
Chief
State
Minister
of
the
Kingdom
,
to
the
Chancellor
,
and
to
Admiral
Lindenhout
,
and
then
returned
again
on
board
their
Fleet
;
which
in
the
mean
while
entred
the
Sound
,
in
expectation
of
new
Orders
,
and
of
a
reinforcement
with
Admiral
Opdam
.
The
13th
.
of
the
same
Month
,
2
fresh
men
of
War
,
four
on
the
16th
.
and
afterwards
several
more
joyned
the
Admirals
Flag
,
and
reinforced
the
Fleet.
On
the
27th
.
3
Men
of
War
more
were
discovered
approaching
the
Sound
,
which
proved
to
be
Admiral
Opdam
,
Captain
Van
Nes
and
Kuiper
,
who
joyned
the
Fleet
the
same
evening
.
The
Orders
Lieutenant
Admiral
Opdam
received
from
the
States
on
that
occasion
,
Imported
,
That
he
should
secure
the
Commerce
of
the
North
;
That
he
should
defend
and
Protect
by
force
of
Arms
,
the
States
Merchant
Ships
against
,
all
that
should
attempt
upon
their
liberty
;
impowring
him
besides
to
Free
the
Baltick
Sea
from
the
oppression
of
all
those
that
should
offer
to
disturb
its
Navigation
.
Afterwards
he
received
new
orders
to
go
and
Anchor
with
all
his
forces
in
the
Road
before
Dantzick
,
to
prevent
the
Swedish
Fleet
from
blocking
up
the
passages
of
it
,
and
to
facilitate
the
going
in
and
coming
out
of
the
Dutch
Merchant
Ships
,
by
taking
them
into
his
Protection
;
And
in
all
other
things
,
to
regulate
himself
according
to
the
Commission
he
had
in
general
,
to
oppose
all
manner
of
attempts
.
Mr.
Opdam
going
likewise
presently
ashore
,
speeded
away
to
Copenhagen
,
where
he
had
a
Conference
with
the
States
Ambassadors
,
after
which
he
had
Audience
of
the
King
of
Denmark
,
and
received
all
imaginable
honours
from
the
Grandees
of
the
Court.
And
his
Danish
Majesty
being
willing
to
give
some
marks
of
the
concern
he
had
in
the
laudable
intentions
of
the
States
his
Masters
,
in
sending
him
for
the
Protection
of
Dantzick
,
honoured
him
with
the
Collar
of
the
Order
of
the
Elephant
,
which
was
carried
him
the
19th
.
of
July
,
by
the
Vice-Roy
of
Norway
,
after
he
was
returned
on
board
his
Fleet.
Vice-Admiral
de
Wit
putting
out
likewise
from
the
Meuse
,
with
several
men
of
War
more
,
came
and
joyned
the
Fleet
,
which
afterward
setting
sail
,
arrived
at
Copenhagen
on
the
29th
.
of
the
said
Month
,
and
the
next
day
,
the
States
Ambassadors
,
advising
them
to
continue
on
their
way
,
they
set
sail
again
to
enter
into
the
Baltick
Sea
,
so
that
6
days
after
,
the
whole
Fleet
came
to
an
Anchor
in
Dantzick
road
,
being
42
sail
of
Frigats
and
men
of
War
,
;
viz.
7
of
Rotterdam
,
24
of
Amsterdam
,
7
of
North
-
Holland
,
2
of
Zealand
,
and
2
of
Friesland
.
At
the
arrival
of
this
Potent
Fleet
,
the
Castle
of
Termund
,
which
is
at
the
Mouth
of
the
Vistula
in
the
Gulf
of
Dantzick
,
saluted
them
with
several
Guns
,
and
immediately
after
,
some
Eminent
Persons
came
in
a
Galliot
from
the
Town
on
board
the
Admiral
,
to
salute
him
,
and
to
let
him
know
the
Joy
the
whole
regency
was
in
at
his
arrival
.
Mr.
Fabricius
Pensionary
of
the
Town
,
and
famous
for
his
great
learning
,
Complimented
Lieutenant
Admiral
Opdam
,
from
the
Magistrates
,
and
invited
him
in
their
name
,
to
be
pleased
to
come
ashore
into
their
Town
;
and
the
publick
rejoycings
and
other
transports
of
joy
which
all
the
People
shew'd
upon
that
occasion
,
lasted
several
days
.
The
States
had
had
notice
given
them
some
time
before
,
as
from
the
King
of
Sweden
,
that
his
said
Majesty
had
form'd
a
design
to
block
up
the
Town
of
Dantzick
,
and
afterwards
to
besiege
it
,
and
that
he
prayed
their
High
and
Mightinesses
to
be
pleased
to
suspend
their
Commerce
during
that
time
,
and
to
forbid
all
Merchant
Ships
belonging
to
their
State
,
to
go
thither
to
take
in
any
fraight
.
But
the
unexpected
arrival
of
that
Fleet
broke
all
the
designs
of
Swedeland
,
and
tho'
it
was
sent
out
for
no
other
end
but
to
free
the
Baltick
Sea
from
the
Yoke
of
that
power
,
yet
it
was
strong
enough
to
make
all
the
fair
hopes
that
Crown
had
conceived
of
Compassing
so
great
an
Enterprize
as
that
vanisht
to
into
smoak
,
and
that
without
any
effusion
of
blood
.
On
the
1st
.
of
September
following
there
appeared
likewise
at
Sea
,
a
Fleet
of
9
Danish
Men
of
War
under
the
Conduct
of
Admiral
Lindenhout
,
which
came
also
and
Anchored
before
Dantzick
.
They
had
the
same
design
as
had
the
Dutch
Fleet
,
which
was
to
defend
that
Hanseatick
Town
and
the
Freedom
of
Navigation
.
In
the
mean
time
,
the
States
Deputies
,
Slingeland
,
Van
Dorp
,
de
Hubert
,
and
Jabrandt
being
entred
into
a
Negotiation
at
Elbing
with
the
King
of
Swedens
Plenipotentiaries
about
a
Treaty
of
Alliance
,
the
Dutch
Fleet
that
continued
still
before
Dantzick
Contributed
much
to
advance
it
,
so
that
it
was
concluded
and
signed
on
the
1st
.
of
September
,
on
both
sides
.
The
States
knowing
the
abovesaid
Treaty
with
Swedeland
,
was
upon
the
point
of
being
conclu●ed
,
thought
fit
to
recall
Lieutentant
Admiral
Opdam
with
30
of
the
biggest
Ships
of
War
of
the
Fleet
,
and
to
leave
Rear
Admiral
Tromp
in
his
place
,
with
a
Squadron
only
of
12
o●
the
lightest
Ships
.
And
the
Letters
that
contained
this
order
were
delivered
him
at
Dantzick
,
at
the
beginning
of
October
.
The
Danish
Squadron
was
already
sailed
away
ever
since
the
25th
.
of
September
,
for
Copenhagen
,
whither
the
King
of
Denmark
had
recalled
it
,
as
being
ill
satisfied
at
the
Treaty
Concluded
with
Swedeland
without
his
privity
.
In
fine
,
on
the
6th
.
of
October
,
the
most
part
of
the
Troops
that
were
on
board
the
Fleet
,
were
removed
,
and
distributed
into
the
12
Ships
that
were
to
stay
in
the
road
;
only
280
men
which
there
was
no
room
to
place
there
,
entred
into
the
Town
by
the
Magistrates
leave
,
and
towards
the
Evening
,
the
Fleet
sailed
away
.
But
before
his
departure
,
Lieutenant
Admiral
Opdam
received
a
present
from
the
Magistrates
of
a
very
fine
Silver
Ewer
with
a
crossed
handle
,
valued
at
600
Crowns
.
Not
long
after
the
departure
of
the
Grand
Fleet
,
Vice
Admiral
Tromp
received
likewise
orders
from
the
States
,
to
quit
the
Baltick
Sea
,
and
to
return
into
Holland
,
with
his
Squadron
.
So
that
having
landed
1200
Musketeers
he
had
on
boa●d
his
Fleet
,
they
were
placed
in
the
Town
to
help
to
guard
it
,
together
with
those
that
had
been
sent
thither
before
.
After
which
Tromp
writ
the
following
Letter
to
the
States
,
to
give
them
Advice
of
his
departure
in
pursuance
of
their
Commands
,
and
of
the
taking
of
General
Coningsmark
.
200
Scotch
Soldiers
.
The
affair
passed
in
this
manner
:
Tbe
Soldiers
that
were
in
the
first
of
these
Ships
revolted
against
their
Officers
,
saying
they
were
inrol'd
for
the
Service
of
Dantzick
and
not
for
the
King
of
Swedeland
;
they
were
by
the
ill
weather
forced
to
Anchor
near
Heel
,
where
they
constrained
their
Officers
and
their
Pilot
,
to
carry
them
to
Dantzick
.
Being
come
into
the
Vistula
,
they
reported
,
that
General
Koningsmark
lay
at
Anchor
in
the
same
place
,
upon
which
Advice
3
Galliots
were
sent
towards
him
,
who
attackt
him
before
noon
,
so
that
he
was
made
prisoner
in
sight
of
our
Fleet.
The
same
Evening
I
went
with
the
Governor
of
the
Town
,
to
visit
him
in
the
Fort
,
Termund
;
and
he
told
us
,
he
came
from
Stetin
,
with
design
to
go
to
Pilau
.
There
was
in
this
Rencounter
,
one
man
killed
,
and
5
wounded
.
To
report
the
misfortune
of
General
Koningsmark
with
its
principal
Circumstances
,
you
must
know
,
that
at
his
departure
from
Stetin
,
there
was
a
ship
which
had
on
board
her
,
130
Scotch
Soldiers
,
that
set
sail
at
the
same
time
with
him
,
steering
her
course
towards
Pilau
;
but
a
Tempest
,
and
a
contrary
Wind
having
kept
them
back
10
days
upon
the
Sea
,
the
Ship
being
over
loaden
with
soldiers
,
fell
a
Leaking
so
very
much
that
she
could
no
longer
keep
the
Sea
,
which
obliged
the
soldiers
to
take
arms
against
their
Officers
,
and
the
Master
of
the
ship
,
whom
they
forced
at
length
to
Land
them
at
Dantzick
,
where
they
informed
the
Magistrates
whereabouts
Koningsmark
lay
at
Anchor
.
Upon
that
Report
,
they
presently
mann'd
out
3
Galliots
which
were
detacht
against
him
on
the
20th
.
of
October
,
about
break
of
day
,
and
between
9
and
10
a
Clock
before
noon
,
attackt
his
ship
,
just
when
General
Koningsmark
was
busied
in
hearing
of
a
Sermon
.
The
preacher
perceiving
the
Enemies
,
gave
notice
of
it
to
the
General
,
who
thereupon
Commanded
the
Pilot
to
cut
the
Anchor-Cables
,
and
with
all
possible
haste
to
make
all
the
sail
away
he
could
:
But
the
Pilot
answering
him
,
that
it
was
impossible
to
do
it
,
he
gave
Orders
to
his
men
to
do
every
man
his
best
to
defend
themselves
;
But
before
they
could
get
into
a
posture
of
defence
the
Enemies
boarded
him
,
Koningsmark
retiring
into
the
Master's
Cabbin
,
demanded
Quarter
,
which
was
granted
to
him
and
all
his
Men.
So
that
this
General
,
as
great
a
Commander
as
he
was
,
yet
for
want
of
skill
in
the
Art
of
fighting
at
Sea
;
that
skirmish
being
perhaps
the
first
of
that
kind
he
ever
was
in
,
was
forced
to
yield
himself
at
the
discretion
of
the
Victors
,
who
carried
him
prisoner
to
Dantzick
.
But
to
return
again
to
the
States
Fleet
,
Lieutenant
Admiral
Opdam
entred
on
the
6th
.
of
November
into
Helvoetsluys
with
a
part
of
the
men
of
War
that
composed
the
Fleet
,
and
the
rest
of
them
almost
at
the
same
time
got
into
the
Vlie
;
and
some
weeks
after
,
Rear-Admiral
Tromp
followed
with
his
Squadron
.
Whilst
the
States
General
were
endeavouring
with
so
much
success
to
pacifie
the
troubles
of
the
North
,
the
Christian
French
and
Portuguese
Privateers
,
and
the
Turkish
Pyrates
domineer'd
in
the
Mediterranean
,
exercising
without
controul
all
sorts
of
Robbery
;
so
that
the
Hollanders
Trading
suffered
extreamly
from
them
by
the
continual
losses
of
their
ships
:
Which
obliged
the
States
to
sen●
de
Ruiter
thither
before
Winter
,
with
a
Squadron
composed
of
the
ships
Commanded
by
the
Captains
,
Brakel
,
Kampen
,
and
Oms
,
who
were
to
be
joyned
by
de
Wilde
,
and
Vander
Zaan
,
who
were
then
towards
Cadiz
,
as
likewise
by
the
Amsterdam
men
of
War
that
were
in
those
parts
,
in
case
de
Ruiter
stood
in
need
of
more
considerable
Forces
for
the
Execution
of
his
designs
.
He
therefore
set
sail
the
24th
.
of
December
,
having
under
his
Convoy
a
Merchant
Fleet
of
about
80
sail
,
bound
for
France
,
Portugal
,
Spain
,
or
the
Streights
,
on
the
20th
.
of
January
,
he
arrived
at
Cadiz
,
where
he
Anchored
the
28th
.
of
the
same
Month
,
he
set
sail
again
,
and
past
the
Streights
,
with
5
Merchant
ships
;
two
days
after
meeting
with
de
Wilde
,
and
Vander
Zaan
,
between
Gibraltar
and
Malaga
,
he
shewed
them
the
States
Order
for
them
to
joyn
his
Admiral
Flag
:
On
the
19th
of
February
,
he
arrived
in
Legorn
Road
,
with
9
Merchant
ships
,
whilst
the
rest
separating
themselves
from
the
Squadron
,
steer'd
their
Course
towards
Malaga
and
Alicant
whither
they
were
bound
.
On
the
26th
.
unmooring
again
,
he
was
informed
by
a
Hamburgher
,
that
2
French
Privateers
,
had
appeared
in
those
parts
,
and
that
three
more
were
Equipping
at
Thoulon
.
The
losses
the
Privateers
had
caused
to
the
Hollanders
for
several
years
past
,
in
the
Neighbouring
Seas
,
and
especially
in
the
Mediterranean
were
very
great
,
and
sensible
.
For
when
the
Sieur
Boreel
,
Ambassador
from
the
United
Provinces
arrived
at
the
Court
of
France
towards
the
end
of
the
year
1650
,
there
were
already
168
Dutch
Merchant
ships
taken
by
French
Capers
,
since
which
,
they
were
reckoned
to
have
taken
160
more
,
so
that
the
whole
Number
of
all
those
prizes
amounted
to
near
328
Ships
which
the
Privateers
of
that
Nation
had
taken
,
Detained
,
Pillaged
,
or
Confiscated
without
any
other
grounds
than
th●se
of
a
manifest
usurpation
.
These
damages
were
reckoned
at
above
30
Millions
of
Livers
.
France
even
then
in
those
early
days
,
when
she
was
so
miserably
torn
and
rent
with
intestine
divisions
,
yet
begun
to
make
her
Neighbours
feel
some
effects
of
her
Ambition
,
and
in
a
time
when
one
would
have
thought
she
had
more
need
of
Courting
the
Amity
of
the
United
Provinces
,
yet
took
a
hank
to
attempt
upon
their
Liberty
by
all
those
injustices
;
which
ought
to
have
been
a
warning
piece
to
the
Hollanders
,
and
an
assured
presage
for
the
time
to
come
,
to
have
made
them
fear
much
greater
injustices
from
her
afterwards
whenever
she
should
become
Absolute
Mistress
of
her
then
discontented
people
;
what
instances
soever
the
States
General
could
make
to
obtain
satisfaction
for
so
many
damages
,
the
Kings
Council
,
and
the
Commissioners
of
the
Admiralty
took
a
Resolution
to
Restore
nothing
;
so
that
what
great
justice
soever
the
Ambassador
Boreel
had
on
his
side
,
to
solicit
the
release
of
them
in
the
name
of
the
States
,
and
in
spite
of
all
the
diligence
he
could
use
for
that
end
,
he
never
was
able
to
obtain
any
thing
,
the
indulgence
shewn
by
the
Court
to
those
Privateers
its
Subjects
,
was
so
great
that
it
encouraged
them
so
extremely
,
that
there
was
no
possibility
of
obtaining
the
release
of
any
one
Prize
.
Whereupon
,
the
States
General
being
at
length
wearied
out
with
making
so
many
fruitless
Complaints
,
and
apprehending
lest
their
over
great
Patience
might
ruin
their
Commerce
and
their
Subjects
,
they
resolv'd
at
last
to
free
themselves
from
all
those
Robberies
by
force
of
Arms
,
and
to
make
use
of
reprisals
.
And
accordingly
they
Ordered
de
Ru●ter
to
attack
the
French
Men
of
War
that
came
out
of
the
Ports
of
Provence
to
make
excursions
in
the
Mediterranean
,
and
to
do
all
he
could
to
take
or
sink
them
.
De
Ruiter
then
had
been
informed
,
as
we
have
said
,
by
a
Hamburger
,
that
2
French
Privateers
that
had
Plundred
him
were
still
roving
about
those
Seas
.
And
on
the
28th
.
of
February
at
break
of
day
,
he
discovered
2
ships
near
the
Isle
of
Corsica
,
at
about
3
miles
distance
from
him
,
which
seemed
to
look
sharp
after
him
,
but
when
they
came
nearer
within
about
a
Mile
of
him
,
they
begun
to
find
they
had
to
deal
with
men
of
War
,
and
not
with
Merchant
ships
,
which
made
them
betake
themselves
to
flight
.
However
,
about
noon
the
ships
of
both
Parties
met
between
Gorgona
and
the
Island
of
Corsica
,
without
firing
so
much
as
a
Gun
on
either
side
.
Then
de
Ruiter
Commanded
the
Captain
of
the
biggest
Caper
to
enter
into
his
Boat
,
and
come
on
board
him
;
but
the
Captain
contented
himself
to
send
his
Lieutenant
whom
de
Ruit●●
detained
,
sending
word
to
the
Captain
again
that
if
he
refused
to
obey
his
summons
,
he
would
immediately
board
him
,
and
would
make
him
suffer
the
punishment
due
to
his
obstinacy
:
At
this
second
Command
he
entred
into
the
Boat
,
and
came
on
board
the
Admiral
.
Whilst
de
Ruiter
and
de
Wilde
kept
close
to
the
great
Caper
,
the
Captain
Ooms
,
and
Vander
Zaan
gave
chace
to
the
other
,
and
likewise
Commanded
the
Captain
to
come
on
board
the
Admiral
,
which
he
having
done
,
Vander
Zaan
detained
him
likewise
.
So
that
the
2
Privateers
seeing
there
was
no
hopes
to
escape
,
drew
in
their
Guns
out
of
their
port-holes
,
and
throwing
down
their
Arms
,
submitted
themselves
to
the
Clemency
of
the
Victor
.
They
were
2
Swedish
Ships
which
some
time
before
had
been
presented
to
the
French
King
,
but
were
afterwards
Armed
out
by
some
Private
Persons
,
and
employed
in
the
Pyrating
Trade
.
The
biggest
of
them
called
the
Queen
,
had
on
board
her
230
men
,
and
32
guns
,
whereof
30
were
brass
,
the
lesser
which
was
called
the
Hunter
,
carried
182
men
,
and
28
guns
,
whereof
18
were
brass
.
The
French
Seamen
that
were
on
board
them
,
were
Conducted
in
3
Barks
,
to
Marseilles
,
but
the
Captains
and
Lieutenants
were
kept
by
the
Hollanders
,
and
their
ships
carried
to
Cadiz
.
The
news
of
the
taking
of
these
2
Privateers
made
a
great
noise
in
France
,
the
Court
there
looking
upon
it
as
the
most
hanious
attempt
that
de
Ruiter
could
have
committed
in
time
of
profound
Peace
.
And
Cardinal
Mazarine
who
then
had
the
chief
management
of
all
the
Affairs
of
the
Kingdom
,
pretended
to
make
it
pass
for
an
outrage
that
deeply
wounded
the
Glory
of
his
Master
,
and
was
a
cruel
stroke
at
his
Grandure
,
and
at
that
deference
the
United
Provinces
ought
to
have
for
it
.
They
gave
out
,
that
those
ships
were
the
Kings
,
and
that
it
was
an
intollerable
piece
of
Boldness
,
to
offer
to
attackt
and
seize
them
.
And
therefore
in
revenge
,
Express
orders
were
sent
to
all
the
Harbours
in
the
Kingdom
,
immediately
to
seize
all
Ships
,
Merchandizes
,
and
effects
belonging
to
the
Hollanders
;
which
was
executed
accordingly
.
The
Haughty
and
Imperious
manner
with
which
the
Court
of
France
treated
the
United
Provinces
on
such
an
occasion
as
that
,
surprised
them
so
much
the
more
,
because
the
King
having
at
first
imputed
that
pretended
Hostile
attempt
wholly
to
De
Ruiter
,
believed
he
had
done
it
without
the
knowledge
or
consent
of
his
Masters
,
who
expected
nothing
less
,
than
to
see
their
Subjects
to
be
ill
treated
by
the
confiscation
of
the
ships
and
goods
they
had
in
that
Kingdom
.
And
that
way
of
proceeding
seemed
so
much
the
harder
upon
them
,
in
that
the
French
Court
had
pass●d
to
the
Execution
of
it
without
any
warning
given
to
the
States
,
or
desiring
to
know
of
them
,
whether
they
approved
or
disapproved
of
that
Action
of
de
Ruiter
,
and
without
so
much
as
suffering
their
High
and
Mightinesses
,
after
having
so
often
reiterated
by
their
Ambassadors
so
many
great
and
just
Complaints
of
the
damages
they
suffered
by
the
French
Privateers
,
to
do
themselves
Justice
.
The
States
of
Holland
,
though
they
had
the
greatest
interest
of
any
of
the
Provinces
,
in
a
Commerce
with
France
,
were
for
intirely
forbidding
all
Trade
with
that
Kingdom
;
after
they
had
seized
and
stopt
all
French
ships
and
effects
in
Holland
,
and
all
the
other
Provinces
.
But
the
States
General
not
being
so
much
concerned
at
what
past
in
France
,
as
the
Province
of
Holland
,
That
Resolution
was
let
fall
,
and
came
to
nothing
.
All
that
they
could
do
,
was
only
,
to
prevail
with
the
States
General
,
to
Summon
Deputies
to
the
Hague
,
from
all
the
Colleges
of
the
Admiralty
,
to
Consult
,
about
Arming
out
a
Fleet
of
48
men
of
War
,
which
they
resolved
to
put
out
to
Sea
;
with
Orders
,
to
give
private
notice
to
all
Pilots
and
Masters
of
Merchant
ships
,
to
avoid
the
Ports
of
France
.
The
States
writ
also
to
Mr.
Boreel
their
Ambassador
in
France
,
to
represent
to
His
Majesty
the
injustice
that
was
done
them
,
in
order
to
obtain
a
discharge
of
the
ships
,
and
Merchandizes
,
that
were
seized
;
as
likewise
all
the
Insupportable
Robberies
Committed
upon
their
Subjects
for
several
years
together
by
the
French
Privateers
;
without
forgetting
the
2
Capers
taken
by
de
Ruiter
.
But
Mr.
Boreel
had
prevented
these
Orders
of
the
States
before
he
received
them
.
For
immediately
after
the
abovemention'd
Resolution
of
the
Court
,
he
demanded
Audience
of
the
King
,
in
Order
to
Represent
to
him
his
Reasons
.
Which
being
granted
him
,
He
Remonstrated
very
fully
and
at
large
,
That
it
had
been
but
fit
before
his
Majesty
had
proceeded
any
further
,
to
notifie
to
the
States
General
of
the
Vnited
Provinces
,
his
Mrs.
the
reasons
that
induced
the
Court
to
take
Resolutions
so
prejudicial
to
them
,
that
the
said
States
on
their
side
,
might
enter
into
Consideration
how
to
give
his
Majesty
all
agreeable
satisfaction
on
that
Subject
.
After
which
,
he
excused
de
Ruiter
,
as
far
as
the
Information
he
had
been
able
to
get
of
the
matter
,
would
permit
,
and
according
to
the
reports
that
were
spread
abroad
of
his
late
Enterprize
,
and
of
that
attempt
which
was
the
Subject
of
the
Courts
Complaint
.
He
passed
on
next
to
the
damages
the
Subjects
of
their
High
and
Mightinesses
had
suffered
for
so
many
years
,
by
the
continual
depredations
which
the
French
Privateers
had
Committed
,
and
continued
still
to
Commit
upon
their
Merchant
Ships
,
notwithstanding
the
so
often
repeated
instances
to
the
Contrary
,
in
the
Court
of
France
,
and
always
in
vain
.
He
added
,
that
in
the
space
of
9
years
,
as
we
have
said
,
there
had
been
about
328
Merchant
Ships
belonging
to
the
States
Subjects
,
Taken
or
Plundered
;
He
made
mention
likewise
of
58
sentences
given
against
French
Privateers
,
which
he
had
still
in
his
hands
,
without
ever
having
been
able
to
get
any
of
them
put
in
Excution
,
through
the
fault
of
the
Courts
of
justice
that
were
too
indulgent
to
those
Privateers
,
which
made
them
so
insolent
and
seditious
,
that
they
had
ventured
even
to
attempt
upon
the
Authority
of
his
Majesties
Commissaries
at
Thoulon
,
by
driving
them
away
like
miserable
wretches
;
that
the
Dutch
Consul
named
,
de
la
Fleur
,
who
resided
at
Thoulon
,
was
attackt
in
the
streets
by
those
villains
,
who
charged
him
with
unmercifull
blows
,
and
would
doubtless
have
Assassinated
him
,
if
he
had
not
found
means
to
escape
out
of
the
reach
of
their
fury
,
with
great
hazard
of
his
life
;
and
all
that
,
without
any
other
Reason
,
than
because
he
had
delivered
into
the
hands
of
his
Majesties
Commissioners
,
the
sentences
rendred
against
them
,
in
Order
to
get
them
put
effectually
in
Execution
.
In
fine
,
he
intreated
the
King
,
that
sufficient
time
might
be
granted
him
,
to
inform
the
States
his
Masters
,
of
the
Subject
of
his
Majesties
Complaint
;
and
that
in
the
mean
while
,
he
would
be
pleased
to
suspend
the
Execution
of
the
Orders
that
were
given
to
seize
the
Ships
and
effects
of
his
Nation
;
as
not
at
all
doubting
,
but
that
the
States
would
give
his
Majesty
all
reasonable
satisfaction
.
The
King
having
heard
him
very
quietly
,
made
him
this
Answer
:
I
have
sent
Orders
to
●r
.
de
Thou
,
who
is
on
his
Journey
to
Holland
to
demand
Reparation
from
the
States
for
the
Hostile
attempt
committed
by
de
Ruiter
,
and
when
I
shall
have
received
satisfaction
thereupon
,
I
know
what
I
have
to
do
concerning
your
demand
:
But
at
present
I
have
nothing
to
Answer
to
it
.
Mr.
de
Thou
arrived
at
the
Hague
,
the
25th
.
of
April
,
and
in
the
first
Audience
he
had
of
the
States
General
,
he
loudly
Resounded
the
Complaints
of
his
Master
concerning
the
taking
of
the
2
Privateers
,
demanding
,
without
offering
to
speak
of
other
things
,
they
should
be
forthwith
restored
without
any
further
delay
,
and
that
de
Ruiter
should
be
severely
punish'd
.
To
which
they
answered
him
,
that
as
to
what
concerned
the
taking
of
the
said
two
ships
,
and
the
Conduct
of
the
States
in
that
matter
,
they
pretended
to
give
him
such
a
reasonable
explication
thereupon
as
should
make
it
so
clear
to
him
,
that
he
himself
would
attribute
all
the
Justice
to
the
States
.
In
the
mean
while
,
the
States
of
Holland
among
other
propositions
made
there
,
had
Voted
in
the
Assembly
of
the
States
General
,
that
to
oblige
the
French
King
to
submit
to
reason
,
it
was
necessary
to
forbid
all
Commerce
in
any
of
the
Merchandizes
of
France
;
to
stop
and
seize
all
Ships
and
effects
belonging
to
the
French
,
and
to
take
all
their
Ships
they
could
meet
with
at
Sea
.
That
further
it
would
be
requisite
,
to
Augment
the
Fleet
they
had
resolved
to
Arm
out
,
with
12
Ships
of
War
more
,
to
render
it
the
more
Potent
.
In
Consequence
of
all
which
Resolutions
,
an
Ordinance
was
publish
d
sign'd
the
26th
.
of
April
,
by
virtue
of
which
,
all
the
Ships
,
Merchandizes
,
Moneys
,
Effects
,
Letters
of
Exchange
,
and
Debts
,
which
should
be
found
to
belong
to
the
French
in
the
Province
of
Holland
,
were
to
be
seized
and
Confiscated
.
After
which
,
the
States
General
,
at
the
sollicitation
of
the
States
of
Holland
,
publish'd
another
Ordinance
dated
the
11th
of
May
,
by
which
they
forbad
the
importation
of
Salt
,
Wines
,
and
Fruits
,
and
all
other
Commodities
of
the
growth
of
France
,
and
all
Merchandizes
of
their
Manufactures
.
In
fine
,
there
was
a
great
deal
of
reason
to
fear
,
that
these
growing
troubles
would
quickly
degenerate
into
a
cruel
War
between
the
Crown
of
France
,
and
the
United
Provinces
:
But
those
two
powers
reflecting
seriously
upon
the
mischiefs
and
Calamities
such
a
War
would
assuredly
bring
upon
the
people
on
both
sides
,
France
became
more
tractable
and
peaceable
;
And
Holland
having
no
other
end
than
to
preserve
Peace
with
that
Crown
,
it
was
at
last
agreed
on
both
sides
,
that
the
Ships
and
Effects
of
both
Nations
should
be
mutually
released
;
that
the
two
Ships
the
Queen
and
the
Hunter
,
taken
by
de
Ruiter
should
be
restored
,
and
that
for
the
future
,
such
proper
measures
should
be
taken
,
as
might
be
effectual
to
prevent
the
hapning
of
any
more
like
disorders
.
During
these
intervening
transactions
,
de
Ruiter
,
lying
at
an
Anchor
,
in
Cadiz
Road
,
Received
on
the
7th
.
of
April
,
a
Re-inforcement
of
6
Men
of
War
,
Commanded
by
the
Captains
,
Verveen
,
Vander
Hulst
,
Sweers
,
Kampen
,
Schatter
,
and
Adelaar
.
So
that
having
then
under
his
Conduct
a
Squadron
of
12
men
of
War
,
he
resolved
,
to
go
again
before
Sally
.
In
Order
to
which
,
he
had
beforehand
written
in
the
Month
of
January
preceeding
,
to
de
Vries
,
Consul
of
the
Dutch
Nation
for
the
Coast
of
Barbary
,
residing
at
Sally
,
that
he
intended
,
in
pursuance
of
the
Orders
of
his
Masters
,
to
come
to
Sally
again
at
the
spring
of
the
year
,
to
put
a
finishing
hand
to
the
Treaty
of
Peace
already
begun
the
year
before
;
and
that
therefore
for
that
effect
,
he
charged
him
in
the
name
of
the
States
,
to
give
notice
of
it
to
Prince
Sid
Abdala
,
and
to
dispose
all
things
in
such
a
manner
,
that
at
his
arrival
,
they
might
proceed
on
both
sides
to
the
speedy
Execution
and
Compleating
of
it
without
any
delay
.
He
accordingly
arrived
before
Sally
,
on
the
18th
of
April
,
two
days
after
4
Ships
he
had
detacht
out
of
his
Squadron
to
give
chace
to
the
Corsairs
,
had
rejoyned
him
:
And
hearing
at
his
arrival
,
that
the
Treaty
was
already
concluded
,
he
went
back
and
Anchored
again
at
Cadiz
.
In
September
,
Vice-Admiral
de
Ruiter
received
Letters
from
the
States
General
,
and
from
the
Admiralty
,
with
orders
to
cruize
upon
the
Coasts
of
Portugal
,
to
joyn
the
Fleet
of
13
men
of
War
which
the
States
were
sending
that
way
under
the
Command
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
Opdam
.
For
the
differences
the
United
Provinces
had
had
with
France
,
having
engaged
them
for
their
security
,
to
Arm
out
that
Force
,
they
were
willing
to
make
use
of
it
after
they
were
appeased
to
bring
Portugal
to
reason
,
that
it
might
not
be
said
,
they
had
been
at
all
that
great
expence
for
nothing
.
The
States
pretended
by
the
way
of
Arms
,
to
force
the
King
of
Portugal
,
to
make
Reparation
for
all
the
Hostilities
Committed
by
the
Portugueses
upon
their
Subjects
in
Brasile
and
other
places
;
For
which
effect
,
they
gave
notice
to
de
Ruiter
:
that
whilst
he
was
waiting
for
Lieutenant
Admiral
Opdam's
Fleet
,
he
should
cruize
against
the
Portuguese
Fleet
that
was
to
come
from
Brasile
,
and
against
all
other
Ships
belonging
to
that
Nation
,
and
should
endeavour
to
take
them
,
in
order
to
facilitate
thereby
an
Accommodation
with
that
Crown
,
and
force
it
to
give
an
account
for
all
its
usurpations
;
which
obliged
them
likewise
,
to
send
some
Deputies
along
with
Lieutentant
Admiral
Opdam
,
into
Portugal
;
adding
,
That
if
the
Portuguese
Ships
offered
to
make
any
resistance
,
de
Ruiter
should
fight
them
,
and
do
his
best
to
take
,
or
sink
them
.
The
Fleet
designed
for
the
Ocean
,
under
the
Command
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
Opdam
;
sail'd
then
out
of
the
Meuse
,
the
5th
.
of
September
Consisting
of
12
Men
of
War
,
1
Advice
Yacht
,
and
1
Flute
laden
with
Provisions
.
They
came
to
an
Anchor
on
the
25th
.
in
the
mouth
of
the
Tagus
near
Lisbon
.
The
same
day
the
Sieurs
Ten
Hove
and
de
Wit
,
Envoys
from
the
States
,
going
into
a
Yacht
,
went
up
the
River
,
and
two
days
after
,
were
admitted
to
an
Audience
of
the
Queen
Mother
who
then
held
the
Reins
of
the
Government
,
assisted
by
some
Grandees
of
the
Kingdom
,
during
the
minority
of
the
King
her
Son
.
The
Envoys
then
Represented
their
Grievances
,
and
demanded
restitution
of
all
that
had
been
taken
from
the
States
in
Brasile
and
elsewhere
,
and
an
indemnification
for
all
their
losses
.
But
the
Portugueses
after
some
Conferences
,
answered
,
that
they
were
resolved
to
Restore
nothing
?
No
,
not
so
much
as
one
foot
of
Land
.
So
positive
an
Answer
as
that
put
an
end
in
an
instant
to
their
Negotiation
.
Some
days
before
,
that
Court
had
put
out
an
Order
,
to
forbid
all
the
Dutch
Ships
at
Lisbon
,
and
St.
Hubes
,
to
stir
out
of
those
Ports
till
further
Order
.
In
the
mean
while
,
the
States
Envoys
set
on
work
the
Dutch
Consul
,
named
Vander
Hoeve
;
who
used
all
imaginable
ipmortunities
at
the
Court
of
Portugal
,
to
obtain
a
Liberty
of
Commerce
,
since
as
he
alledged
,
the
States
Fleet
had
not
yet
Committed
any
Act
of
Hostility
against
the
Portugueses
,
Representing
to
them
at
the
same
time
,
that
the
seizure
and
stoppage
they
had
newly
made
of
the
Dutch
Ships
,
was
like
to
be
the
Plreudium
of
a
world
of
Mischiefs
.
:
But
with
all
he
could
say
,
he
could
obtain
nothing
of
them
but
a
few
fair
promises
without
any
effect
.
The
Envoys
therefore
seeing
they
did
but
lose
their
time
there
to
no
purpose
,
Demanded
their
Audience
of
leave
:
But
Answer
was
made
them
,
that
the
Queen
was
so
indisposed
that
she
was
not
in
a
Condition
to
give
them
Audience
at
that
time
.
Upon
which
,
they
delivered
to
Pedro
Vierra
de
Silva
,
the
Secretary
of
State
,
a
Letter
sealed
up
,
telling
him
withal
,
that
they
were
very
sensibly
troubled
,
they
could
not
take
leave
of
the
Queen
in
the
usual
Form
,
by
reason
of
her
Majesties
indisposition
,
and
that
therefore
they
prayed
him
to
deliver
her
Majesty
that
Letter
,
which
in
substance
imported
,
that
since
they
had
used
all
the
means
they
could
,
to
terminate
the
differences
between
the
two
Nations
in
an
amicable
manner
without
any
success
,
they
had
Order
from
the
States
their
Masters
,
to
declare
War
against
the
Crown
of
Portugal
,
as
accordingly
they
did
;
after
which
going
again
on
board
their
Yacht
,
they
joyned
the
Dutch
Fleet
the
23d
.
of
October
,
where
they
informed
Lieutenant
Admiral
Opdam
of
all
that
had
passed
.
On
the
26th
.
of
the
same
Month
,
de
Ruiter's
Squadron
joyned
the
Admirals
Flag
,
and
the
Fleet
by
that
Junction
,
was
reinforced
to
the
Number
of
27
or
28
men
of
War
.
During
the
time
that
Lieutenant
Admiral
Opdam
continued
on
the
Coasts
of
Lisbon
,
some
Portuguese
Ships
or
other
vessels
laden
with
their
Merchandizes
were
taken
;
but
the
Booty
taken
off
of
Roxont
was
much
more
considerable
;
For
in
the
night
time
,
a
Part
of
the
Portuguese
Fleet
of
about
40
sail
coming
from
Brasile
Laden
with
Sugar
,
fell
into
the
Dutch
Fleet
,
and
tho
the
darkness
of
the
night
favoured
their
fight
,
by
stealing
them
from
their
Enemies
fight
,
yet
20
of
them
were
taken
.
There
were
still
44
more
with
their
Convoy
that
remained
behind
,
being
kept
back
by
a
Tempest
,
against
whom
the
Hollanders
for
some
days
cruiz'd
,
watching
for
their
coming
,
but
seeing
they
appeared
not
,
and
being
uncertain
whether
they
were
not
already
gotten
into
some
safe
Port
,
they
took
a
Resolution
to
prevent
Winter
,
by
retiring
home
to
their
own
Country
,
before
the
Stormy
Weather
came
in
.
And
accordingly
,
they
arrived
in
Holland
with
all
their
Prizes
at
the
beginning
of
December
.
The
year
following
,
de
Ruiter
was
sent
again
to
the
Coast
of
Portugal
,
with
a
Fleet
of
22
Ships
of
War
;
But
the
Portuguese
considering
of
what
great
Consequence
it
was
for
them
,
to
preserve
their
Sea
Forces
,
and
how
dangerous
to
hazard
them
in
a
Battle
,
kept
their
Fleet
within
their
Ports
,
being
perswaded
,
that
Winter
would
,
as
it
did
last
year
,
force
the
Hollanders
to
quit
their
Coasts
;
so
that
de
Ruiter
was
able
to
do
them
no
other
harm
that
Expedition
,
than
only
to
interrupt
their
Commerce
,
and
alarm
their
whole
Country
.
We
have
above
related
,
what
means
the
United
Provinces
used
,
to
break
the
designs
of
Swedeland
,
in
the
year
1656
,
and
to
free
Dantzick
,
and
the
Baltick
Sea
from
the
oppression
of
that
Power
.
That
War
which
had
made
the
States
so
uneasie
,
and
put
them
to
so
much
expence
,
was
followed
by
another
much
more
bloody
and
dangerous
.
For
Frederick
the
III.
King
of
Denmark
,
seeing
the
Swedish
Monarch
Employed
with
his
whole
Forces
in
prosecuting
the
War
he
had
with
Poland
,
and
considering
,
that
was
a
fair
occasion
for
him
to
strike
in
,
and
Revenge
his
Father
,
Christiern
the
Vth's
Quarrel
,
who
about
15
years
before
was
oppressed
by
his
Arms
,
and
had
part
of
his
Dominions
taken
from
him
,
he
without
any
hesitation
,
declared
himself
,
being
inflamed
on
one
side
,
with
the
desire
of
Revenge
,
and
on
the
other
,
put
forward
by
the
secret
allurements
of
a
certain
Foreign
Power
.
And
accordingly
marching
his
Army
into
the
Country
of
Bremen
under
the
Command
of
General
Bilde
,
he
attackt
and
took
several
places
belonging
to
the
Swedes
.
But
Fortune
that
had
gone
along
with
his
Arms
in
their
happy
beginning
proving
afterwards
Jadish
to
him
,
deserted
him
to
that
degree
,
that
he
soon
saw
himself
at
the
point
of
losing
all
his
Dominions
.
For
Charles
Gustavus
,
King
of
Swedeland
,
Quitting
Poland
immediately
upon
that
News
,
came
hastning
to
the
Assistance
of
what
more
nearly
concerned
him
,
and
fell
with
all
his
forces
into
Hostein
belonging
to
Denmark
,
so
that
by
that
Diversion
,
he
forced
General
Bilde
to
Quit
the
Dutchy
of
Bremen
,
and
to
retire
to
Fredericksode
.
But
that
place
being
situated
upon
the
little
Belt
that
separates
the
Isle
of
Funen
from
the
Firm
land
of
Jutland
,
was
soon
reduced
under
the
obedience
of
Swedeland
.
King
Gustavus
stopt
not
the
Career
of
his
Conquests
there
,
but
passing
his
Army
which
was
almost
all
Horse
,
over
the
Ice
,
he
entered
the
Isle
of
Funen
,
where
he
put
to
the
Sword
all
that
opposed
his
Triumphant
Arms
:
In
that
passage
,
the
Ice
hapning
to
break
in
a
certain
place
,
2
Ensigns
and
the
King
of
Swedens
Coach
were
swallowed
up
.
Odonsee
,
the
Capital
Town
of
the
Island
yielded
without
resistance
,
and
the
Town
of
Nyburg
was
also
taken
.
King
Charles
Gustavus
being
eager
to
carry
the
Terror
of
Arms
his
yet
further
,
Consulted
with
his
Generals
,
to
resolve
,
whether
it
were
practicable
for
him
to
pass
his
Army
over
the
Ice
,
to
enter
into
the
Isle
of
Zealand
.
But
they
being
now
to
pass
the
Grand
Belt
,
which
is
an
Arm
of
the
Sea
about
4
hours
march
over
,
that
Enterprize
seemed
to
them
extreamly
Rash
and
Dangerous
,
because
if
the
Ice
should
happen
to
break
,
the
whole
Army
would
be
in
hazard
of
being
swa●lowed
,
or
if
any
part
of
it
should
be
so
happy
as
to
escape
,
they
would
be
shut
up
in
that
Isle
till
the
spring
time
.
But
Gustavus
,
who
was
a
Couragious
and
Daring
Prince
,
was
willing
to
prove
Fortune
that
had
so
far
accompanied
his
Arms
,
and
resolved
to
attempt
that
undertaking
▪
which
he
lookt
upon
as
what
would
Compleat
all
his
Labours
.
In
the
mean
while
Sr.
Thomas
Meadow
Ambassador
from
the
Protector
Cromwel
,
at
the
Court
of
Denmark
,
desirous
to
put
a
stop
to
the
Conquests
of
that
Prince
,
dispatcht
a
Courier
to
Funen
,
with
Letters
in
which
he
made
him
some
overtures
for
Peace
.
King
Gustavus
observing
,
that
the
Courier
had
past
upon
the
Ice
over
the
Grand
Belt
on
horse
back
,
concluded
,
it
would
be
strong
enough
to
bear
his
Army
,
and
therefore
fin●ing
,
that
the
cold
Augmented
,
instead
of
abating
,
he
advanced
the
very
next
morning
without
Remaining
any
longer
in
suspence
,
towards
the
Isle
Langeland
,
and
from
thence
into
the
Country
of
Laland
,
where
the
Town
of
Naskou
was
reduced
to
his
obedience
.
From
thence
he
carried
his
Arms
into
the
Isle
of
Falster
,
where
he
took
the
Fort
Royal
,
Nikoping
,
after
which
,
having
crossed
the
Belt
,
he
entered
into
the
Isle
of
Zealand
,
that
is
to
say
,
into
the
heart
of
the
King
of
Denmarks
Dominions
,
and
immediately
got
possession
of
the
Town
of
Wisburg
,
and
was
just
ready
to
march
at
the
head
of
his
Army
,
before
Copenhagen
,
when
the
Ambassador
from
the
Court
of
England
arrived
,
to
present
him
a
Mediation
for
a
Peace
.
At
his
first
interviews
with
him
,
King
Charles
Gustavus
finding
himself
in
the
midst
of
so
many
Prosperities
,
refused
it
,
but
at
last
,
growing
more
tractable
,
he
consented
to
a
Project
of
Peace
that
was
drawn
up
and
Concluded
at
Toustrup
the
28th
.
of
February
,
and
on
the
8th
.
of
March
following
,
after
it
had
been
more
amply
examined
,
it
was
ratified
at
Rotschild
.
That
Treaty
was
altogether
disadvantagious
to
the
King
of
Denmark
,
and
to
the
United
Provinces
,
because
it
was
therein
agreed
between
the
two
Princes
of
the
North
,
to
shut
up
the
Sound
,
and
suffer
no
Forreign
Man
of
War
to
pass
into
the
Baltick
Sea
.
Besides
,
the
King
of
Denmark
by
reason
of
the
Conquests
Gustavus
had
newly
made
,
to
yield
up
to
him
the
Propriety
of
a
good
part
of
his
Dominions
,
namely
Ho●land
,
Schoonen
,
Blecking
,
Bornholm
,
Bahus
,
and
Drontheim
.
And
though
these
Conditions
were
very
hard
to
Denmark
,
yet
the
Swede
was
not
content
with
them
,
but
threatned
to
enter
a
second
time
into
the
Isle
of
Zealand
,
to
besiege
Copenhagen
,
and
to
reduce
the
whole
Kingdom
under
his
obedience
,
if
the
King
of
Denmark
did
not
fully
satisfy
all
points
of
the
Treaty
of
Rotschild
.
The
Article
of
which
that
obliged
them
to
shut
up
the
passage
of
the
Sound
against
all
Foreign
Ships
of
War
,
caused
new
Umbrages
,
because
the
Danes
would
by
no
means
consent
to
it
.
Whereupon
at
last
,
the
K.
of
Sweden
being
desirous
fully
to
gratifie
his
Ambition
,
and
push
forward
his
great
designs
to
their
utmost
extent
,
made
a
descent
in
the
Month
of
August
,
with
a
powerfull
Army
into
the
Isle
of
Zealand
,
and
whilst
his
Troops
were
landing
there
,
he
made
his
Fleet
advance
before
Copenhagen
,
to
form
the
siege
of
it
;
which
was
so
effectually
done
,
that
it
may
be
said
,
that
if
the
Hollanders
had
not
timely
succor'd
it
,
in
all
appearance
,
the
Triumphant
Gustavus
would
have
reduced
that
Capital
City
to
his
obedience
,
and
put
a
Period
to
the
Kingdom
of
Denmark
,
tho'
formerly
its
Mistress
;
so
great
a
Vicissitude
there
is
in
the
Fortunes
of
States
and
Kingdoms
!
The
Affairs
of
the
North
being
in
that
ticklish
Condition
,
the
States
of
the
Vnited
Provinces
made
serious
Reflexions
upon
what
might
happen
in
the
Time
to
come
,
and
thought
upon
freeing
the
Baltick
Sea
from
the
Oppression
of
Swedeland
,
by
sending
speedy
a●d
powerful
Succours
to
the
King
of
Denmark
,
who
was
on
the
Point
,
otherwise
,
in
all
Appearance
,
to
lose
all
his
Dominions
.
For
the
Security
of
their
Commerce
in
the
North
,
that
supplied
them
with
a
great
part
of
their
Riches
,
and
with
Naval
Stores
,
and
other
Necessaries
for
Building
and
Maintaining
their
Shipping
,
and
Supporting
their
Sea-power
;
by
which
they
were
enabled
to
carry
on
their
Traffick
all
over
the
rest
of
the
World
,
and
to
secure
indeed
their
all
,
both
by
Sea
and
Land
,
wholly
depending
upon
their
brisk
and
timely
Interposition
,
in
that
critical
Juncture
,
suffered
them
no
longer
to
hesitate
in
their
Resolutions
.
And
therefore
the
States
determined
in
so
pressing
an
occasion
,
to
assemble
all
the
Ships
of
War
,
that
were
in
a
Condition
to
put
to
Sea
,
in
order
to
form
a
considerable
Fleet
;
the
chief
Command
of
which
was
conferred
upon
Lieutenant-Admiral
Opdam
;
the
other
General
Officers
were
,
the
Vice-Admirals
de
Wit
,
and
Florisz
.
They
embarked
also
on
Board
that
Fleet
Thirty
eight
Companies
of
Regular
Infantry
,
in
all
about
Two
thousand
Men
,
with
design
to
throw
some
of
them
into
Copenhagen
,
and
the
rest
into
the
Castle
of
Kronenburg
,
upon
the
Sound
.
The
Fleet
then
being
equipped
with
an
incredible
Diligence
,
Lieutenant-Admiral
Opdam
set
sail
the
17th
of
October
;
it
was
composed
of
38
Ships
of
War
,
and
six
Flutes
,
laden
with
Ammunition
and
Provisions
,
of
four
Fire-ships
,
and
six
Galleots
.
About
the
end
of
the
same
Month
,
the
Fleet
arrived
to
the
North-east
of
Jutland
:
But
in
the
mean
while
,
the
Castle
of
Kronenburg
had
surrendred
to
the
Swedes
,
on
the
26th
of
September
,
after
a
Siege
of
three
Weeks
,
and
Copenhagen
it self
was
briskly
pressed
.
The
King
of
Denmark
being
then
in
Person
in
that
his
Capital
City
,
animated
by
his
Presence
,
the
Soldiers
and
Burgers
,
to
make
a
vigorous
Resistance
,
flattering
them
with
the
Hopes
of
seeing
themselves
in
a
short
time
delivered
by
the
Hollanders
:
But
the
Swedes
,
as
we
have
said
,
having
made
themselves
Masters
of
the
Castle
of
Kronenburg
,
had
shut
up
the
Sound
with
their
Fleet
,
so
that
the
Dutch
Fleet
was
forced
of
necessity
to
open
its
way
through
the
midst
of
that
of
the
Enemy's
,
which
was
near
of
an
equal
Force
with
theirs
,
and
to
endure
all
the
Fire
of
both
the
Castles
,
on
each
Side
,
that
defended
and
stopt
up
the
Passage
of
that
Strait
.
It
's
true
,
the
Danger
was
very
great
,
but
the
Attempt
was
glorious
,
since
it
aimed
at
no
less
than
at
the
Deliverance
of
a
distressed
King
;
who
,
after
having
lost
all
his
Dominions
,
was
ready
to
fall
himself
into
the
Hands
of
his
Enemies
.
The
3d
of
November
,
the
Dutch
Fleet
,
by
a
contrary
Wind
,
was
obliged
to
anchor
behind
the
Lap
,
at
the
Mouth
of
the
Sound
.
Wrangel
,
Admiral
of
Swedeland
,
had
under
his
Flag
Thirty
eight
Men
of
War
,
which
were
mostly
mann'd
by
English
and
Sco●ch
Seamen
;
and
his
Design
was
to
dispute
the
Passage
of
the
Sound
,
against
the
Hollanders
.
In
the
mean
while
,
Lieutenant
Admiral
Opdam
,
who
waited
for
nothing
else
but
a
favourable
Wind
,
to
advance
,
finding
it
on
the
8th
chopt
about
to
the
North
,
he
divided
his
Fleet
into
Three
Squadrons
,
and
set
sail
about
Break
of
Day
.
Vice-Admiral
De
Wit
led
the
Vanguard
,
Lieutenant-Admiral
Opdam
the
main
Battle
,
and
Vice-Admiral
Florisz
commanded
the
Rear
.
About
Eight
a
Clock
before
Noon
,
De
Wit's
Squadron
was
gotten
into
the
middle
of
the
Sound
,
between
the
Two
Castles
of
Kronenburg
and
Elsenburg
,
whereof
one
is
in
the
Isle
of
Zealand
,
and
the
other
in
the
Province
of
Schoneng
.
As
soon
as
De
Wit
was
come
right
against
those
Fortresses
,
King
Gustavus
fir'd
against
him
,
Vnited
Provinces
.
all
the
Artillery
of
both
the
Castles
;
nay
,
and
that
Prince
,
who
was
in
Person
at
Kronenburg
,
fir'd
with
his
own
Hand
the
first
Gun
that
was
discharged
at
the
Dutch.
However
,
the
Dutch
Men
of
War
,
gliding
along
directly
in
the
Middle
of
the
Strait
,
there
were
very
few
Bullets
that
reach'd
to
do
them
harm
,
so
that
they
past
through
without
much
Loss
.
About
Ten
a
Clock
in
the
Forenoon
the
Two
Fleets
engaged
in
a
Cruel
Fight
,
in
View
of
the
King
of
Swedeland
,
of
the
Queen
,
and
of
the
Princess
his
Sister
,
Wife
to
the
Count
de
la
Guarde
,
as
also
of
eldest
Son
of
the
Prince
of
Holstean
Gollorp
,
and
of
several
other
great
Lords
of
the
Court
,
who
,
being
altogether
in
the
Castle
of
Kronenburg
,
were
joynt
Spectators
of
that
Bloody
and
Terrible
Fight
.
The
Swedes
,
at
first
,
bent
all
their
principal
Forces
against
the
Dutch
Lieutenant-Admiral
,
and
his
Two
Vice-Admirals
,
as
thinking
,
if
they
could
but
disable
the
Generals
of
their
Enemy's
Fleet
,
it
would
be
no
hard
matter
for
them
to
gain
the
Victory
over
the
rest
,
when
they
should
want
Heads
to
command
them
.
And
,
in
effect
,
that
beginning
did
not
succeed
amiss
to
them
,
at
first
:
For
Vice-Admiral
De
Wit
,
after
having
signaliz'd
himself
to
the
utmost
,
was
mortally
wounded
;
and
his
Ship
taken
for
want
of
Help
;
but
he
Dying
,
and
the
Ship
sinking
immediately
after
,
nothing
remained
to
the
Enemies
but
his
Body
.
Vice-Admiral
Florisz
underwent
the
same
Fate
as
De
Wit
,
for
as
he
was
fighting
with
an
unparallel'd
Intrepidity
,
he
lost
his
Life
with
Sword
in
Hand
,
as
likewise
did
the
Captain
under
him
,
and
36
of
his
Men
:
So
that
none
of
the
General
Officers
were
then
left
but
Lieutenant
Admiral
Opdam
,
to
bear
the
whole
B●●nt
of
the
furious
Efforts
of
the
Swedes
,
who
●●hav●d
himself
so
couragiously
,
that
he
qui●kly
●●●de
th●m
see
,
by
a
vigorous
Resistance
,
that
Fortune
had
chosen
him
to
revenge
the
Death
of
so
many
other
brave
Men.
For
,
during
Two
long
Hours
together
,
without
any
other
Help
,
he
stood
the
Fire
of
all
the
Guns
of
Seven
Swedish
Ships
,
who
hotly
ply'd
him
all
that
Time
with
continual
Broad-sides
of
their
Cannon
.
He
had
received
several
Shot
between
Wind
and
Water
;
which
latter
had
gain'd
already
Five
or
Six
Foot
deep
in
his
Ship
,
and
his
Prow
was
on
Fire
:
His
Masts
,
his
Rigging
and
all
his
Sails
were
shot
down
close
by
the
Board
,
so
that
he
was
reduc'd
into
a
very
pitiful
Condition
,
when
Captain
Van
Nes
advanc'd
one
of
the
foremost
,
to
his
Assistance
.
Captain
Kampen
,
likewise
,
having
forc'd
his
Passage
through
the
Enemy's
,
with
an
admirable
Courage
,
flew
in
like
Lightning
to
the
Admiral
's
Aid
;
which
Two
Ships
were
extremely
shattered
,
and
that
of
the
Admiral
run
great
Danger
of
being
sunk
or
burnt
.
He
had
on
Board
him
Thirty
seven
Men
killed
,
and
about
One
hundred
wounded
;
but
he
triumphed
over
all
those
Disasters
,
by
his
great
Bravery
and
wise
Conduct
.
But
if
the
General
Officers
of
the
States
Fleet
happened
to
be
ill
treated
,
those
of
the
Swedes
fared
never
the
better
for
it
:
For
Admiral
Wrangel
,
and
Vice-Admiral
Bielkenstern
,
and
several
others
,
having
their
Ships
shot
through
and
through
,
and
all
shattered
,
were
forced
to
retire
out
of
the
Fight
.
Three
Swedish
Ships
were
taken
,
and
Eight
sunk
,
or
burnt
.
The
Hollanders
lost
in
all
that
Action
only
the
Ship
Brederode
,
commanded
by
Vice-Admiral
De
Wit
,
which
,
as
we
have
said
,
sunk
,
after
she
was
taken
.
The
Swedes
,
on
their
Side
,
had
above
Two
thousand
Men
killed
,
besides
what
were
wounded
and
made
Prisoners
;
the
Number
of
which
latter
was
reckoned
to
be
about
Four
hundred
and
fifty
.
The
Number
of
the
Slain
,
on
the
Hollander's
Side
,
amounted
to
near
Four
hundred
Men
,
and
a
great
many
they
had
wounded
.
Among
the
former
,
were
counted
the
Two
Vice-Admirals
,
and
the
Captains
Bruinsveld
and
Verveen
.
The
Battle
lasted
5
or
6
Hours
,
till
the
Swed●sh
Fleet
made
away
towards
the
Main
Sea
:
For
tho'
they
had
the
Advantage
of
the
Weather-gage
,
yet
they
suffered
the
Hollanders
to
retreat
,
who
were
stopped
from
advancing
towards
them
by
a
contrary
Wind
;
shewing
sufficiently
by
their
Behaviour
,
that
they
knew
well
enough
,
there
was
nothing
to
be
gotten
by
them
,
and
that
they
could
not
venture
to
charge
the
Dutch
again
,
without
running
great
Hazard
of
an
entire
Defeat
.
Lieutenant-Admiral
Opdam
,
seeing
the
Swedes
were
become
immo●eable
,
by
refusing
to
renew
the
Fight
again
,
got
his
Ships
together
,
and
sail'd
towards
the
Isle
of
Huen
.
Towards
evening
,
he
met
B●elk
,
the
Danish
Admiral
,
who
by
a
North
Wind
was
hindred
from
coming
to
joyn
the
Hollanders
,
and
share
with
them
in
the
Glory
of
that
Fight
.
After
that
junction
,
the
Fleet
,
came
and
anchored
near
the
Coast
of
Zeland
,
between
●l●enore
and
Copenhagen
;
and
the
Swedish
Fleet
retired
under
the
Canon
of
the
Castle
of
Kronenburg
:
But
King
Gustavus
,
not
thinking
it
secure
enough
there
,
gave
them
Order
to
put
into
the
Haven
of
Landskroon
;
which
is
a
Town
in
the
Province
of
Schonen
.
De
Wit.
That
Prince
being
minded
,
after
the
Fight
,
to
give
the
World
some
Proofs
of
his
incomparable
Generosity
,
and
of
the
high
Veneration
he
had
for
those
Great
Men
that
glory
in
spending
their
Blood
for
their
Country's
Service
,
commanded
the
Body
of
Vice-Admi●al
●e
Wit
to
be
cloathed
with
white
Satin
,
and
to
be
put
into
a
Coffin
covered
with
black
Cloth
,
and
adorned
with
the
Arms
of
the
deceased
:
After
which
he
caused
it
to
be
embarked
in
a
Galliot
,
painted
with
Black
,
with
Streamers
of
the
same
Colour
,
and
to
be
carryed
to
Lieutenant
Admiral
Opdam
.
The
Bodies
of
the
Two
Vice-Admirals
,
De
Wit
and
Florisz
were
afterwards
transported
into
Holland
,
and
buryed
at
the
Charge
of
the
State
,
with
all
the
Honours
due
to
their
Memory
,
De
Wit
was
interred
at
Roterdam
,
and
Florisz
at
Hoorn
;
and
the
States
,
to
immortalize
the
Memory
of
their
good
Services
,
ordered
to
be
paid
to
the
Heirs
of
each
of
them
3000
Livers
,
to
be
bestowed
upon
a
Piece
of
Marble
,
whereupon
to
engrave
their
Epitaphs
.
That
of
Vice
Admiral
De
Wit
was
as
follows
,
in
Latin
.
Meritis
&
Aeternitati
Wittenii
Cornelii
de
With
,
Equit.
Qui
Magnitudinem
suam
eidem
Elemento
debuit
,
cui
praecipuam
hactenus
Hollandia
debet
;
totum
Terrarum
ambitum
circumnavigavit
,
utramque
Indiam
,
Nauta
,
Miles
,
Praefectusque
Nautarum
ac
Militum
vidit
;
expugnato
Speculatorio
Navigio
,
cum
viribus
ipse
multo
inferior
,
animo
Major
esset
Argentiferae
Classi
Americanae
viam
patefecit
.
Innumeras
variarum
Gentium
Naves
cepit
,
incendit
,
submersit
:
Per
omnes
gradus
Militiae
Navalis
eluctatus
,
Propraetor
Patriae
,
Classis
&
Expeditiones
Maritimas
XX.
annos
rexit
.
Decies
quinquies
Classibus
collatis
cum
Hoste
conflixit
,
raro
aequata
clade
;
plerumque
Victor
,
&
Triumphator
Praeliis
rediit
.
Restabat
Magnus
tot
Belli
facinoribus
imponendus
Dies
VIII
.
Novembris
,
Anno
MDCLVIII
.
In
Freto
Maris
Baltici
supremum
Virtutis
opus
edidit
.
Ibi
primus
in
Praelium
ruens
,
Praetoriam
Suecorum
invasit
,
afflixit
;
dein
Propraetoriam
,
ac
Praegrandes
eorundem
alias
,
armis
,
viris
,
animis
instructissimas
,
sola
Propraetoria
sua
,
rejecit
,
afflixit
,
submersit
;
donec
a
sociis
undique
desertus
,
ab
Hostibus
undique
circumfissus
,
discerpto
Globis
corpore
,
Bellatricem
animam
Coelo
reddidit
.
Corpus
ipse
Rex
Hostis
,
Generosae
Fortitudinis
Hostilis
admiratione
,
splendide
compositum
in
Patriam
Remisit
:
Sic
Redeunt
quos
Honos
ac
Virtus
Remittunt
.
Vixit
ann.
LIX
.
In
English
thus
.
To
the
Merits
and
Immortality
of
De
Witten
Cornelius
de
With
,
Kt.
Who
owed
his
Greatness
to
that
Element
,
to
which
Holland
hitherto
owes
the
chiefest
of
hers
;
who
has
sailed
about
the
whole
Globe
of
the
World
,
and
seen
both
the
Indies
,
in
Quality
of
Mariner
and
Soldier
,
and
afterwards
of
Captain
both
of
Mariners
and
Soldiers
;
after
he
had
taken
a
Scout-Ship
,
called
,
the
Guard
,
as
being
superior
in
Courage
,
tho'
inferior
in
Force
,
he
opened
a
Way
to
the
taking
of
the
Spanish
American
Plate-fleet
.
He
took
,
burnt
and
sunk
an
infinite
number
of
Ships
of
divers
Nations
;
and
having
passed
through
all
the
Degrees
of
Naval
Warfare
,
he
was
made
Vice-Admiral
,
and
had
the
Conduct
of
the
Fleet
of
his
Country
,
and
of
their
Sea-Expeditions
,
for
the
Space
of
Twenty
Years
.
He
fought
Fifteen
set
Battles
with
the
Enemies
Fleets
,
and
came
out
of
the
Fight
seldom
with
equal
Loss
,
but
most
commonly
Victorious
and
Triumphant
.
There
remained
but
one
Great
and
Fatal
Day
,
to
put
an
End
to
so
many
Heroick
Feats
of
War
,
which
was
the
8th
of
November
,
in
the
Year
1658.
when
he
gave
the
last
Proof
of
his
Valour
,
in
the
Strait
of
the
Baltick
Sea
;
where
rushing
foremost
into
the
Fight
,
he
attacqued
the
Admiral
of
Swedeland
,
and
disabled
him
;
and
afterwards
fighting
with
the
Vice-Admiral
,
and
several
other
great
Ships
of
the
same
Enemy's
,
extreamly
well
provided
with
Arms
and
Couragious
Seamen
,
He
,
with
his
single
Vice-Admiral's
Ship
,
repulsed
,
disabled
,
and
sunk
them
;
till
,
at
last
,
being
wholly
deserted
by
his
Companions
,
and
on
all
Sides
surrounded
by
the
Enemies
,
his
Body
being
rent
with
Bullets
,
he
yielded
up
his
War-like
Soul
to
Heaven
.
The
King
himself
,
his
Enemy
,
out
of
an
Admiration
of
the
generous
Fortitude
of
so
brave
an
Enemy
,
sent
back
his
Body
,
magnificently
habited
,
and
put
up
,
into
his
Country
.
So
Return
all
they
whom
Honour
and
Valour
send
back
.
He
lived
LIX
.
Years
.
The
next
Day
after
the
Battle
,
the
Transport
Ships
,
laden
with
Troops
and
Ammunition
,
went
before
Copenhagen
,
where
Colonel
Fuchler
,
who
commanded
the
Soldiers
,
landed
them
.
So
that
the
Hollanders
may
be
said
to
have
gained
all
the
Advantage
of
that
celebrated
Fight
,
because
they
executed
their
Design
,
which
was
to
succour
that
important
Place
.
However
,
Lieutenant-Admiral
Opdam
had
Orders
from
the
States
,
to
winter
with
his
whole
Fleet
at
Copenhagen
;
where
his
Presence
,
and
the
Assistance
of
the
Soldiers
and
Dutch
Seamen
he
brought
with
him
,
contributed
not
a
little
to
the
Repulsing
of
the
many
violent
Assaults
the
Swedes
made
from
time
to
time
upon
the
Works
of
the
Town
.
In
the
mean
while
,
the
States
,
who
laid
nothing
so
much
to
Heart
as
the
Consequence
of
the
Affairs
of
the
North
;
and
knowing
of
what
great
Importance
't
was
,
to
keep
an
even
Ballance
between
Swedeland
and
Denmark
,
by
hindring
the
stronger
of
them
to
oppress
the
weaker
,
resolved
to
arm
out
,
for
that
purpose
,
a
second
Fleet
,
the
chief
Command
of
which
was
given
to
De
Ruiter
,
who
was
returning
from
Portugal
.
It
consisted
of
Forty
Men
of
War
,
on
Board
which
was
embarked
a
Succour
of
Four
thousand
Regular
Troops
,
commanded
by
Colonel
Killigrew
.
On
the
20th
of
May
,
Vice-Admiral
De
Ruiter
,
set
sail
.
Meppel
,
who
was
made
Vice-Admiral
of
Holland
,
of
the
College
of
the
Admiralty
of
the
North
,
took
the
Place
of
Vice-Admiral
Florisz
,
and
embarked
,
by
way
of
Provision
,
on
the
Ship
called
the
Orange-Tree
,
of
North-Holland
.
De
Ruiter
divided
his
Fleet
into
three
Squadrons
;
the
first
was
under
his
own
Command
,
the
second
under
Evertsz
,
and
the
third
under
the
Conduct
of
Meppel
.
The
10th
of
June
he
arrived
at
the
Mouth
of
the
Belt
,
and
some
Days
after
,
he
joyned
Lieutenant-Admiral
Opdam
;
so
that
then
the
States
Fleet
was
Seventy
eight
Sail
strong
of
Men
of
War
,
Six
or
Seven
Fire-ships
,
and
Ten
Galliots
,
mann'd
with
One
thousand
three
hundred
Mariners
and
Soldiers
,
besides
the
Four
thousand
Regular
Troops
that
were
in
de
Ruiter's
Fleet
;
and
was
mounted
with
Three
thousand
two
hundred
Guns
.
In
the
mean
while
,
the
English
,
conceiving
a
Jealousie
at
the
formidable
Forces
the
Hollanders
had
assembled
towards
the
North
,
sent
likewise
thither
a
Fleet
of
Forty
two
Sail
of
Men
of
War
,
under
the
Comman●
of
Admiral
Mountague
,
who
came
into
the
Belt
to
observe
their
Motions
.
Opdam
,
not
being
able
to
penetrate
the
Design
of
the
English
,
put
out
a
white
Flag
,
and
summoned
on
Board
him
all
the
General
Officers
and
Captains
of
his
Fleet
,
and
commanded
them
to
keep
themselves
in
Readiness
for
a
Fight
,
and
not
to
forget
their
Honour
,
and
the
Oath
of
Fidelity
they
had
sworn
to
their
Country
.
The
next
Morning
Admiral
Mountague
writ
to
Lieutenant-Admiral
Opdam
,
and
to
Vice-Admiral
de
Ruiter
,
telling
them
,
That
he
was
come
to
endeavour
to
bring
the
Two
Crowns
of
the
North
to
an
Accommodation
;
that
he
was
persuaded
,
their
High
and
Mightinesses
Fleet
had
likewise
no
other
Aaim
but
that
,
and
therefore
that
it
would
be
convenient
for
them
to
act
by
Consent
on
both
Sides
,
and
to
put
in
practise
all
proper
Means
that
might
contribute
to
the
pacifying
of
those
two
Crowns
,
and
to
the
maintaining
a
perfect
Union
between
the
two
Republicks
.
Answer
was
made
him
,
That
the
Dutch
had
no
other
Design
neither
,
but
that
:
Upon
which
,
the
English
Admiral
set
sail
,
and
after
noon
advanced
further
into
the
Belt
.
The
Dutch
perceiving
it
,
unmoored
likewise
,
and
stood
after
the
English
,
to
hinder
them
from
cutting
off
the
Danish
,
and
some
Holland
Ships
,
that
lay
at
Anchor
near
Nyburg
,
by
separating
them
from
the
Body
of
the
Dutch
Fleet.
But
the
English
making
off
into
the
Main
Sea
,
retired
to
Kallundburg
,
and
the
Hollanders
towards
the
Isle
of
Rouse
;
where
the
Danes
came
and
joyned
them
.
In
the
mean
time
,
while
the
Ambassadors
of
the
States
,
that
came
with
de
Ruiter's
Fleet
,
were
negotiating
a
Treaty
of
Peace
between
the
Two
Crowns
at
Copenhagen
,
the
English
interrupted
it
by
their
underhand
Practices
,
in
proposing
a
Cessation
of
Arms
for
Three
Weeks
;
which
extremely
troubled
the
Hollanders
,
and
obliged
de
Ruiter
to
write
about
it
to
the
College
of
the
Admiralty
of
Amsterdam
,
intimating
to
them
,
That
the
English
,
as
far
as
he
was
able
to
judge
by
their
manner
of
Proceeding
,
seemed
ill
intentioned
,
notwithstanding
all
their
fair
Protestations
,
and
that
he
believed
,
they
turned
Affairs
in
that
manner
,
with
Design
to
favour
Swedeland
.
Three
Days
before
the
Term
prefixed
for
the
Suspension
of
Arms
was
to
expire
,
which
was
on
the
10th
of
July
,
Lieutenant-Admiral
Opdam's
Fleet
,
in
conjunction
with
the
Danes
,
making
together
about
Thirty
seven
Sail
of
Men
of
War
,
set
sail
directly
for
Copenhagen
;
which
the
Swedes
kept
besieged
with
a
Fleet
of
Thirty
three
Ships
of
War
;
but
at
the
Approach
of
the
Admiral
of
Holland
,
they
retired
,
without
daring
to
stand
a
Fight
;
which
much
surprized
Opdam
,
who
expected
not
to
be
rid
of
them
at
so
cheap
a
rate
.
In
the
mean
while
,
the
English
Ministers
that
were
endeavouring
,
with
those
of
Holland
,
to
mediate
an
Accommodation
,
considering
,
it
was
not
necessary
the
two
Mediating
Powers
should
have
such
numerous
and
formidable
Forces
towards
the
North
,
only
to
counterbalance
Swedeland
,
proposed
that
they
might
be
diminished
.
But
the
States
suspecting
there
was
some
Mystery
in
the
Matter
on
the
English
side
,
ordered
,
That
but
20
of
their
Ships
should
be
recalled
,
causing
private
Notice
to
be
given
to
Lieutenant-Admiral
Opdam
,
not
to
send
them
away
neither
,
till
a
like
number
of
the
English
were
gone
before
them
.
But
all
those
Precautions
of
the
States
became
in
short
time
needless
,
by
the
Revolution
that
was
ready
to
happen
in
England
,
by
the
Intriegues
of
General
Monk
,
whose
Aim
was
,
to
pull
down
Cromwel's
Party
,
in
order
to
restore
King
Charles
to
the
Throne
.
For
Admiral
Mountague
,
who
held
Intelligence
with
Monk
,
burn'd
with
an
impatient
Desire
to
quit
the
North
,
with
the
English
Fleet
,
and
to
hasten
home
to
the
Assistance
of
King
Charles's
Party
;
and
seeking
all
the
Pretences
he
could
think
on
to
promote
his
speedy
departure
,
he
gave
out
,
That
,
for
want
of
Provisions
,
his
Fleet
was
able
to
subsist
no
longer
abroad
,
and
so
setting
Sail
on
the
5th
of
September
,
he
returned
back
to
the
Coasts
of
England
.
Vice-Admiral
de
Ruiter
having
weighed
Anchor
the
same
day
,
moved
,
and
cast
Anchor
again
at
Amak
near
Copenhagen
,
from
whence
he
went
ashore
and
went
to
a
Tent
set
up
between
the
Town
and
the
Swedish
Army
,
where
the
States
Ambassadors
,
and
those
of
Sweden
and
Denmark
were
in
Conference
about
a
Peace
.
But
Affairs
going
quite
another
way
than
towards
an
Accommodation
,
Hostilities
were
begun
again
.
In
the
mean
time
Lieutenant
Admiral
Opdam
having
written
to
the
States
,
to
desire
leave
to
return
home
because
of
his
indisposition
,
he
accordingly
set
sail
at
the
beginning
of
November
,
with
a
Fleet
of
20
sail
of
Men
of
War
,
and
a
great
Number
of
Merchant
Ships
,
accompanied
with
the
Vice-Admiral's
Evertsz
and
Meppel
.
De
Ruiter
then
being
left
in
the
North
,
to
Command
in
chief
in
the
absence
of
the
Lieutenant
Admiral
,
joyned
his
Fleet
with
that
of
the
Danes
,
Commanded
by
Admiral
Bielke
,
and
having
taken
on
board
,
a
good
Number
of
Troops
,
both
Horse
and
Foot
,
steer'd
directly
towards
the
Isle
of
Funen
.
To
attempt
a
descent
there
,
and
if
it
were
possible
,
to
drive
out
the
Swedes
from
thence
.
On
the
8th
.
of
November
,
he
advanc'd
as
far
as
before
the
Town
of
Nyburg
,
situated
in
the
East
part
of
Funen
,
upon
the
Belt
.
Tho
a
great
body
of
Swedish
Horse
appeared
upon
the
Coast
to
oppose
a
descent
,
yet
Marshal
Schak
and
other
General
Officers
resolved
to
fall
upon
them
,
notwithstanding
the
night
was
coming
on
.
But
that
Undertaking
was
not
so
well
backt
as
it
should
have
been
,
because
there
was
no
body
that
was
well
acquainted
with
that
place
.
In
the
mean
while
,
the
Swedes
having
raised
some
batteries
,
begun
to
fire
upon
the
Dutch
Fleet
,
and
they
fired
no
less
briskly
again
upon
the
Swedes
,
and
upon
the
Ramparts
of
Nyburg
.
The
next
morning
before
day
,
the
Officers
,
Soldiers
,
and
Seamen
that
had
passed
the
night
in
Boats
,
and
suffered
much
by
the
cold
,
came
back
again
on
board
the
Fleet
,
without
having
done
any
thing
,
because
it
was
so
very
dark
that
they
could
not
see
the
Coast
.
After
this
attempt
,
the
General
Officers
resolved
to
weigh
Anchor
,
and
to
draw
towards
Kortemunde
,
another
Town
in
the
same
Isle
,
where
they
arrived
on
the
10th
.
about
noon
.
De
Ruiter
thereupon
,
gave
order
immediately
to
Evertsz
,
de
Wilde
,
to
Rear
Admiral
B●akel
,
and
to
the
Captains
,
Van
Amst●l
,
and
Aldert
Machysz
,
to
joyn
him
,
and
to
draw
up
in
a
line
of
Battle
,
in
Order
to
Batter
the
Town
with
their
Artillery
,
so
that
soon
after
,
it
was
seen
all
in
flames
,
and
the
Swedish
Horse
was
forc'd
to
scamper
here
and
there
,
not
knowing
where
to
shelter
themselves
.
De
Ru●ter
observing
that
disorder
,
without
losing
any
time
,
posted
4
men
of
War
more
in
such
a
manner
,
that
their
guns
swept
all
the
plain
Country
clear
,
and
gall'd
the
Flank
of
the
Swedish
Cavalry
.
In
the
mean
time
the
Danish
Admiral
Bielke
,
and
Vice
Admiral
Held
coming
to
de
Ruiter
,
prayed
him
to
be
pleased
to
go
to
Marshal
Schak
,
to
endeavour
to
perswade
him
,
upon
that
fair
opportunity
,
to
put
in
Execution
without
delay
,
the
descent
he
before
had
designed
to
make
,
because
it
was
already
2
a
Clock
in
the
Afternoon
.
After
several
deliberations
,
the
Danish
and
Holland
Troops
chosen
to
form
the
Van
guard
,
entred
into
Boats
,
which
landed
them
within
Pistol
shot
of
the
Town
Bridge
.
The
Swedes
had
retrenched
themselves
in
two
different
places
and
had
raised
Forts
from
the
Town
to
the
Bridge
,
having
posted
on
one
side
,
2
Regiments
of
Horse
,
and
on
the
other
3.
Whilst
the
Dragoons
were
left
in
the
Town
,
to
defend
that
.
At
the
approach
of
the
Danes
,
the
Swedes
fired
hotly
upon
the
Boats
,
and
killed
some
of
the
Hollanders
.
De
Ruiter
being
in
Person
in
one
of
those
Boats
,
seeing
the
danger
,
cried
out
?
My
Boys
;
Have
Courage
,
advance
,
and
march
up
to
the
Enemies
:
Or
else
you
are
all
lost
men
!
That
discourse
so
extreamly
revived
the
fallen
Courages
of
his
followers
,
that
a
French
Gentleman
,
named
Fleury
de
Cusan
,
Lord
of
Buat
,
and
Captain
of
a
Troop
of
Horse
in
the
States
service
,
who
came
in
the
Fleet
in
Quality
of
a
Volunteer
,
hearing
those
words
of
de
Ruiter
,
leapt
presently
out
of
the
Boat
with
his
drawn
Sword
in
his
hand
into
the
Sea
up
to
the
middle
in
Water
,
crying
out
,
Friends
,
fol●ow
me
!
Upon
which
,
the
Soldiers
and
Mariners
being
ashamed
not
to
follow
his
Example
,
leapt
out
likewise
in
Troops
,
and
got
to
Land
,
whilst
the
Men
of
War
fired
without
intermission
upon
the
Town
;
so
that
advancing
further
,
the
Confederate
Troops
vigorously
attackt
the
Swedish
Horse
,
who
came
to
meet
them
to
dispute
their
passage
.
There
was
never
any
thing
more
bloody
than
that
shock
,
nor
was
there
ever
any
Courage
appear'd
so
undaunted
as
that
shewn
by
the
Allies
in
that
Rencounter
;
so
that
the
Swedes
being
no
longer
able
to
endure
so
fierce
and
obstinate
an
attack
,
quitted
their
ground
,
and
retired
in
Confusion
towards
the
Bridge
.
But
the
Danes
and
Hollanders
pursued
them
so
close
,
that
they
entred
with
them
into
the
Town
,
set
it
on
fire
in
two
places
,
and
then
quitted
it
again
.
However
,
the
fire
did
no
great
damage
,
because
it
was
quickly
quench'd
by
the
diligence
of
the
Enemies
.
The
day
following
de
Ruiter
detacht
away
4
men
of
War
,
to
go
and
cruize
between
the
Isles
of
Langeland
,
and
Spro
,
and
3
more
,
to
go
and
block
up
the
passages
of
Nyburg
,
in
Order
to
prevent
the
Swedes
from
putting
any
succours
into
Funen
.
In
the
mean
while
,
a
part
of
the
Danish
Horse
had
already
begun
to
disembark
,
and
the
next
day
,
they
all
Landed
.
Some
days
before
the
descent
,
King
Gustavus
Adolphus
had
entred
the
Isle
of
Falster
,
at
the
head
of
a
Body
of
Horse
,
to
encourage
his
Troops
by
his
presence
,
and
defend
the
Neighbouring
Isles
from
the
Irruption
of
the
Danes
;
and
before
his
departure
,
he
seemed
to
the
Ambassadors
to
be
more
inclinable
to
a
Peace
than
before
.
But
all
those
fair
appearances
were
but
the
pure
effects
of
a
dissembling
Policy
that
induced
him
to
make
all
those
advances
,
to
gain
time
,
and
to
prevent
the
mischiefs
threatned
him
by
the
Junction
of
the
Danish
and
Dutch
Fleets
;
so
that
he
was
extreamly
surprised
,
when
he
was
informed
a
little
while
after
,
that
the
two
Fleets
were
already
at
Sea
.
Upon
that
news
,
he
hastned
away
with
all
speed
to
Kotfoot
,
with
a
full
Resolution
,
to
throw
succours
into
Funen
,
where
he
foresaw
,
the
Enemies
designed
to
make
a
Descent
.
But
the
Confederate
Fleets
having
prevented
his
vigilance
,
he
was
much
astonish'd
to
hear
at
his
arrival
,
the
Extraordinary
noise
of
Cannon
and
small
Arms
,
which
put
him
into
such
a
Transport
of
fury
,
that
he
Resolved
to
go
immediately
in
Person
into
Funen
,
to
rouse
up
the
drooping
courage
of
his
men
,
and
thereby
prevent
a
blow
that
was
likely
to
Ruine
his
fairest
hopes
,
and
cut
short
the
swift
Career
of
his
Conquests
.
But
his
Council
more
wise
and
Considerate
than
he
,
disswaded
him
from
it
,
by
Representing
to
him
,
to
what
great
and
inevitable
danger
he
would
thereby
expose
himself
,
since
there
being
no
other
way
for
him
to
pass
into
Funen
,
but
in
a
pitiful
sorry
boat
,
in
which
he
could
hardly
without
a
Miracle
escape
being
taken
by
his
Enemies
.
Having
therefore
chang'd
his
resolution
,
he
only
sent
thither
General
Steenbok
,
who
arrived
there
time
enough
to
be
a
Spectator
of
the
misfortune
of
his
Party
,
and
to
bear
a
share
in
the
total
defeat
of
the
Swedish
Army
.
In
the
mean
while
,
the
Hollanders
and
the
Danes
,
seeing
Fortune
begun
to
declare
for
them
,
resolved
,
without
any
demurring
,
to
push
on
their
Enterprizes
to
the
utmost
,
while
Time
was
,
and
to
prevent
the
Winter
,
which
would
soon
disable
their
Fleets
from
staying
any
longer
at
Sea
.
General
Ernest
Albert
de
Eberstein
was
arrived
at
the
Army
of
the
Allies
,
ever
since
the
14th
of
the
same
Month
,
with
a
Reinforcement
of
4
German
Regiments
,
4
more
of
Brandenburghers
,
800
Polanders
,
and
1000
Danish
Horse
,
besides
Foot
;
he
had
landed
near
Middlelvaart
,
in
the
Isle
of
Funen
,
and
two
Days
after
his
Arrival
,
he
joyned
General
Schak
,
near
Odenzee
.
On
the
22d
the
Danish
Army
,
with
all
those
Auxiliary
Troops
,
advanced
within
a
Mile
of
Nyburg
,
where
they
arrived
about
11
a
Clock
,
and
discovered
the
Sweedish
Army
,
under
the
Command
of
the
Prince
of
Sultsback
,
and
General
Steenbok
,
ready
ranged
in
Order
of
Battle
,
upon
the
side
of
a
Mountain
,
in
a
very
advantagious
Place
for
them
,
since
they
had
the
Town
of
Nyburg
behind
them
,
and
tall
Hedges
,
and
a
large
deep
Ditch
before
them
,
which
they
had
thick
lined
with
Musqueteers
and
Dragoons
,
well
retrencht
.
However
,
the
Danes
,
put
themselves
likewise
in
Order
of
Battle
.
General
Eberstein
commanded
the
Right
wing
,
Marshal
Tramp
the
left
,
and
General
Schak
the
Main
Battle
,
where
were
placed
the
Dutch
Colonels
,
Killigrew
,
Kuik
,
Meteren
,
and
Ailua
,
with
their
Troops
.
The
Fight
was
begun
by
the
Danish
Horse
;
for
Eberstein
and
Schak
fell
with
all
the
Vigour
imaginable
upon
the
Enemies
,
and
broke
through
them
,
as
far
as
the
Hedges
;
but
there
they
found
so
much
Resistance
from
the
Swedish
Musqueteers
and
Dragoons
,
that
it
was
impossible
for
them
to
get
any
further
:
For
the
Swedes
,
adding
Desperation
to
their
natural
Bravery
,
not
only
repulsed
their
Enemies
,
but
put
them
into
such
disorder
,
that
both
the
Right
and
Left
Wing
of
their
Army
began
to
give
way
;
and
further
,
they
made
themselves
Masters
of
some
of
their
Cannon
;
upon
which
Schak
,
having
sent
Order
to
the
Dutch
to
come
up
and
charge
,
the
Colonels
,
Killigrew
,
Meteren
and
Ailua
,
putting
themselves
at
the
Head
of
them
,
led
them
up
,
charging
them
to
keep
close
together
;
the
Right
Wing
of
the
Swedes
did
their
utmost
to
break
them
,
but
the
Pikes
having
repulsed
them
,
they
were
forced
,
in
a
few
Moments
after
,
to
quit
their
Post
and
their
Cannon
,
and
betake
themselves
to
Flight
.
The
right
Wing
of
the
Swedes
,
having
been
thus
driven
out
of
the
Field
,
the
Hollanders
fell
upon
the
Left
,
which
they
likewise
broke
,
so
that
the
Victory
,
which
seemed
at
first
to
have
declared
for
the
Swedes
,
then
forsook
them
.
Upon
which
,
the
Imperial●sts
,
Brandenburgers
,
Danes
,
and
Polanders
,
taking
Advantage
of
that
Defeat
,
charged
the
Swedish
Horse
with
so
much
Vigor
,
that
they
forced
them
to
retire
into
Nyburg
,
so
that
their
Foot
being
deserted
by
the
Horse
,
was
surrounded
by
the
Polanders
,
who
cut
them
almost
all
in
pieces
.
The
Prince
of
Sultsbach
,
and
General
Steenbok
,
seeing
the
Fortune
of
the
Day
lost
,
being
loth
to
coop
themselves
up
in
Nyburg
,
fled
through
a
Wood
towards
the
Sea-coast
;
where
,
finding
a
Fisher-boat
,
by
vertue
of
large
Offers
of
Mony
,
they
persuaded
the
Master
of
it
to
pass
them
over
the
Night
following
into
Zealand
,
accompanied
only
with
two
or
three
Servants
.
Whilst
the
Land-Army
of
the
Allies
was
engaged
with
the
Swedes
,
General
Sohak
sent
to
intreat
de
Ruiter
,
to
advance
with
his
Fleet
before
Nyburg
,
in
order
to
besiege
it
by
Sea
,
in
case
the
Allies
proved
victorious
by
Land
.
The
25th
of
the
same
Month
,
the
Swedes
,
having
been
constrained
to
quit
the
Fort
Knotshover
,
because
it
was
laid
flat
by
de
Ru●ter's
Guns
,
some
Men
of
War
of
the
Fleet
went
and
anchored
so
near
the
Town
,
that
they
could
make
th●
least
Guns
they
had
bear
to
fire
into
it
with
effectual
Execution
:
And
the
whole
Fleet
,
being
thrown
into
a
Line
of
Battle
,
fired
●o
furiously
into
it
,
with
all
their
Guns
,
that
so
many
Houses
were
beaten
down
by
them
,
that
the
Swedish
Horse
and
other
Soldiers
that
were
retired
thither
,
knew
not
where
to
fly
for
Shelter
;
and
that
small
Place
was
soon
reduced
to
Ashes
,
by
the
continual
Broad-sides
that
flew
from
the
Navy
,
that
swept
away
Men
,
Women
and
Horses
,
and
made
the
Air
most
dreadfully
echo
with
the
lamentable
Cries
of
an
infinite
number
of
wounded
People
;
and
the
Desolation
was
so
great
and
so
universal
,
that
very
few
Persons
could
escape
from
it
.
The
Swedes
therefore
,
having
lost
all
Hopes
of
being
able
to
defend
the
Place
any
longer
,
sent
a
Trumpeter
to
the
Generals
Schak
and
Eberstein
,
to
let
them
know
,
They
were
ready
to
capitulate
,
and
to
desire
them
to
give
order
for
the
Cannon
to
cease
Firing
.
But
they
replied
,
They
must
expect
no
other
Accommodation
from
them
,
but
to
surrender
themselves
at
Discretion
.
In
the
mean
while
,
the
Cannon
played
upon
them
without
Intermission
,
and
a
little
while
after
,
three
Swedish
Lords
came
out
to
the
Camp
,
with
Offers
to
yield
at
Discretion
.
Whereupon
,
the
Allies
named
the
Sieurs
Alefeld
and
Tromp
to
go
on
their
part
into
the
Town
,
to
treat
with
the
Swedish
Generals
,
and
a
Trumpeter
was
sent
on
board
de
Ruiter
,
to
desire
him
to
intermit
Firing
,
in
regard
the
besieged
were
treating
to
surrender
at
Discretion
.
De
Ruiter
answered
,
That
they
must
resolve
to
do
it
out
of
hand
then
,
or
else
he
would
reduce
the
Town
to
a
Heap
of
Rubbish
.
Those
Words
were
followed
with
a
short
Cessation
of
Arms
;
but
because
the
besieged
made
some
Demur
in
coming
to
an
Execution
of
all
those
Offers
,
de
Ruiter
fired
upon
them
again
more
fiercely
than
ever
,
till
by
a
Letter
from
General
Schak
,
he
was
informed
,
That
the
Swedes
,
had
at
last
submitted
to
the
Clemency
of
the
Victors
,
and
that
the
Allies
were
infinitely
obliged
to
him
for
having
brought
things
in
so
short
a
time
,
to
so
happy
an
Issue
.
Twelve
Regiments
of
Swedish
Horse
,
making
in
all
3000
Men
,
were
made
Prisoners
of
War
on
this
occasion
.
The
Prisoners
of
note
,
were
12
Colonels
,
and
the
Majors
General
Horn
,
Weyer
and
Waldeck
;
and
the
Duke
of
Weymeren
,
and
the
Count
Coningsmark
,
were
taken
Prisoners
in
the
Battle
.
That
Victory
was
so
compleat
,
that
there
never
was
its
parallel
known
,
since
of
all
the
whole
Swedish
Army
in
the
Isle
of
Funen
,
consisting
of
above
7000
Fighting
Men
,
there
escaped
but
two
General
Officers
,
and
some
few
Private
Soldiers
,
that
saved
themselves
in
the
Woods
,
when
they
were
defeated
.
And
besides
,
it
's
worth
remark
,
That
those
Troops
,
so
defeated
,
were
the
Bravest
,
most
Faithful
,
and
most
Veteran
,
and
Disciplined
Soldiers
of
all
the
Forces
of
the
King
of
Swedeland
.
On
the
Danes
and
Allies
side
,
there
were
about
500
Men
killed
,
among
whom
were
reckoned
8
Officers
of
note
,
among
whom
was
Captain
Hemmema
.
The
Hollanders
lost
very
few
,
tho'
they
bore
the
greatest
brunt
of
the
Battle
.
All
those
happy
Progresses
were
followed
by
the
speedy
reduction
of
the
greatest
of
the
Danish
Isles
,
except
Zeeland
,
to
that
before
oppressed
Crown
,
and
that
in
less
than
16
Days
.
Near
100
Pieces
of
Cannon
,
and
great
store
of
Ammunition
were
taken
,
and
120
Standards
or
Colours
.
About
2000
Swedes
were
kill'd
,
and
5000
made
Prisoners
.
As
for
the
Cavalry
that
were
taken
,
they
were
part
of
them
distributed
among
the
Danish
,
Imperial
and
Brandenburg
Horse
.
The
Town
of
Nyburg
was
plundered
by
the
Imperialists
and
Poles
,
whilst
the
Hollanders
kept
still
under
Arms.
Funen
being
thus
reduced
under
the
Obedience
of
its
rightful
Prince
,
Vice-Admiral
De
Ruiter
represented
to
General
Schak
,
That
it
was
impossible
for
the
Fleet
to
subsist
any
longer
in
those
parts
,
because
of
the
Dearness
of
Provisions
;
adding
,
That
the
swift
advance
of
the
Winter
obliged
him
likewise
to
retire
.
And
,
accordingly
unmooring
,
on
the
28th
of
November
,
he
sailed
away
to
Lubeck
,
with
a
Fleet
of
120
Sail
,
great
and
small
,
to
take
in
a
Supply
of
Provisions
.
The
News
of
so
many
Advantages
,
gained
by
the
Arms
of
the
Confederates
,
was
like
a
stroke
of
Thunder
to
King
Gustavus
;
for
,
after
that
Time
,
he
gave
himself
so
much
to
Melancholy
,
that
he
was
never
after
seen
in
a
good
Humor
:
Nay
,
his
Health
was
sensibly
endamaged
thereby
.
He
retired
into
the
Castle
of
Knonenburg
;
where
Reflecting
upon
the
declining
Condition
of
his
Affairs
,
he
judged
there
was
no
other
way
for
him
to
take
to
retrieve
them
,
than
to
reconcile
himself
with
the
Vnited
Provinces
,
as
the
only
Power
that
had
broke
his
Designs
,
and
interrupted
the
Course
of
his
Conquests
.
And
so
earnestly
did
he
prosecute
that
expedient
,
that
on
the
9th
of
December
,
that
is
to
say
,
fifteen
Days
after
the
Reduction
of
Nyburg
,
the
Treaty
of
Alliance
between
Swedeland
and
the
States
was
renewed
,
and
signed
by
the
Ambassadors
of
both
Powers
;
which
Treaty
was
followed
with
the
Conclusion
of
the
Project
,
formed
before
at
Elbing
with
all
its
Dependencies
;
with
this
provisional
Condition
,
That
the
abovesaid
Treaty
should
be
of
no
Validity
▪
and
should
not
be
put
in
execution
till
a
Peace
were
first
made
and
ratified
between
the
two
Crowns
of
Sweden
and
Denmark
.
Such
were
the
first
Fruits
of
the
Conquest
of
the
Isle
of
Funen
.
The
1st
of
December
,
De
Ruiter
,
having
Orders
from
the
States
to
winter
in
the
Baltick
,
in
order
to
take
care
to
secure
Copenhagen
,
came
to
an
Anchor
in
the
Road
of
Trave-Munde
,
from
whence
he
sailed
next
Day
to
Lubeck
;
where
he
took
in
Provisions
.
On
the
15th
he
steered
away
for
Copenhagen
,
where
Admiral
Bielk
,
coming
on
board
him
,
presented
him
with
a
Golden
Chain
and
a
Medal
of
great
Value
,
from
the
King
of
Denmark
.
The
King
of
Sweden
having
still
considerable
Forces
in
the
Isle
of
Zeeland
,
the
Danes
had
some
reason
to
fear
some
Irruption
from
them
,
when
the
Time
of
the
Ice
should
come
;
so
that
they
reinforced
the
Garrison
of
Copenhagen
,
and
planted
a
greater
Number
of
Guns
upon
the
Ramparts
of
the
Town
;
and
every
Captain
had
his
particular
Quarter
assigned
him
,
that
they
might
be
ready
to
oppose
any
Assaults
from
the
Swedes
;
The
Ice
was
broke
for
40
Foot
round
every
Man
of
War
;
and
the
Danes
,
in
the
mean
time
,
making
several
Sallies
against
the
Enemies
,
gained
considerable
Advantages
over
them
.
de
Ruiter
,
at
the
beginning
of
the
following
Spring
,
having
unmoored
from
Copenhagen
,
on
the
3d
of
March
,
1660.
went
and
posted
himself
,
with
his
Fleet
before
the
Haven
of
Landskroon
,
to
block
up
its
Passage
,
and
hinder
the
coming
out
of
the
Swedish
Fleet
,
which
was
then
about
50
Sail
strong
of
Men
of
War
.
He
had
likewise
at
the
same
time
detached
from
his
Fleet
a
Squadron
of
16
Men
of
War
,
to
convoy
home
some
Merchant-ships
to
Holland
.
Amidst
those
Transactions
he
heard
the
News
of
the
Death
of
Charles
Gustavus
,
King
of
Sweden
;
which
happened
on
the
23d
of
February
at
Gottenburg
,
a
violent
Distemper
,
of
not
above
6
Days
continuance
,
having
carried
him
off
,
in
the
36th
Year
of
his
Age.
The
unexpected
Death
of
that
great
Prince
revived
the
Hopes
and
raised
the
palled
Courage
of
the
Danes
,
who
,
not
without
sufficient
Cause
,
looked
on
him
as
the
Scourge
of
their
Nation
,
by
reason
of
his
extraordinary
Valour
and
Success
.
In
the
mean
while
the
Negotiation
for
a
Peace
,
which
the
Plenipotentiaries
of
th●
mediating
Powers
were
endeavouring
,
was
drilled
on
to
a
tedious
length
,
notwithstanding
the
frequent
Conferences
they
had
about
it
in
the
Tent
,
erected
for
that
effect
between
Copenhagen
and
the
Swedish
Army
;
which
Delay
was
caused
by
the
Intrigues
of
the
French
and
English
Ambassadours
at
the
Court
of
Swedeland
;
for
that
they
were
so
far
from
endeavouring
heartily
to
bring
that
Power
to
an
Accommodation
,
that
underhand
they
blew
the
Coals
,
and
exasperated
Matters
,
by
luring
on
that
Court
with
the
Airy
Hopes
of
several
Conquests
.
But
,
However
,
at
last
,
after
many
Obstacles
,
it
was
happily
concluded
on
the
6th
of
June
.
And
four
days
after
,
the
Swedish
Army
raised
the
Siege
of
Copenhagen
;
and
the
two
Northern
Crowns
thereby
put
an
end
to
those
Troubles
that
seemed
to
have
rendred
them
irreconcilable
,
and
that
had
kindled
the
Jealousie
,
and
raised
the
Arms
of
so
many
Princes
against
the
growing
Power
of
Swedeland
.
The
States
seeing
Affairs
were
happily
terminated
on
that
side
,
sent
Orders
to
de
Ruiter
,
that
as
soon
as
the
Swedes
should
have
restored
to
Denmark
all
the
Places
they
were
obliged
to
restore
by
the
Treaty
,
he
should
re-imbark
the
States
Troops
,
and
return
back
with
his
Navy
to
Holland
.
But
the
King
of
Denmark
,
considering
the
great
Service
he
had
received
from
de
Ruiter
,
not
willing
to
let
him
depart
,
without
giving
him
some
Marks
of
his
Acknowledgment
,
would
needs
honour
him
with
the
Order
of
Knighthood
,
for
him
and
his
heirs
,
and
with
Letters
of
Nobility
,
to
which
he
added
an
annual
Pension
of
800
Crowns
.
Pulchler
likewise
who
Commanded
the
Land
Forces
,
was
gratified
with
an
annual
Pension
,
a
Golden
Chain
,
and
a
Medal
.
And
the
other
Officers
received
also
every
one
presents
proportionable
to
their
rank
,
and
the
merit
of
their
Services
.
The
War
the
United
Provinces
had
with
Portugal
,
which
we
have
already
mentioned
,
was
also
terminated
by
a
Treaty
signed
the
6th
.
of
August
,
to
the
extreme
displeasure
of
the
Privateers
of
several
Nations
that
made
use
of
the
Commissions
of
that
Crown
the
more
securely
to
go
a
Pyrating
after
the
Dutch
Merchant
Ships
.
In
the
mean
time
,
the
Corsairs
of
Barbary
did
so
much
mischief
in
the
Mediterranean
,
that
the
States
were
forced
to
send
thither
Vice-Admiral
de
Ruiter
with
a
Fleet
of
about
20
men
of
War
.
For
about
the
space
of
6
Weeks
,
he
only
sailed
about
the
Mediterranean
,
Convoying
Merchant
Ships
,
without
discovering
any
Pyrate
,
but
on
the
26th
.
of
February
he
gave
chace
to
a
Corsair
Ship
of
Tunis
,
called
the
Crescent
,
and
forcing
her
to
run
a
ground
upon
the
Coast
,
he
delivered
40
Christian
slaves
.
Two
days
after
,
he
went
and
Anchored
before
Tunis
,
where
he
Concluded
a
Treaty
of
Peace
between
the
United
Provinces
,
and
those
Barbarians
,
and
delivered
60
Dutch
slaves
more
,
who
were
Exchanged
for
the
Turks
taken
in
the
Corsair
called
the
Crescent
,
which
he
had
lately
taken
.
But
because
there
were
some
Articles
in
that
Treaty
that
displeased
the
States
,
de
Ruiter
,
at
his
return
to
the
Coasts
of
Barbary
in
November
following
,
caused
them
to
be
altered
.
There
was
likewise
a
Treaty
of
Peace
Concluded
with
the
Algerines
about
the
end
of
the
Month
of
March
,
in
which
likewise
some
change
was
made
by
the
consent
of
those
Corsairs
;
but
they
soon
after
broke
it
.
Rear-Admiral
Tromp
and
Captain
Schey
had
likewise
orders
to
go
into
the
Mediterranean
,
with
a
Fleet
of
10
Merchant
Ships
;
and
on
the
1st
.
day
of
January
1663
,
the
two
Fleets
having
met
and
saluted
one
another
,
De
Ruiter
steer'd
towards
Alicant
,
and
Tromp
towards
Leghorn
.
Some
weeks
after
,
namely
on
the
17th
of
March
,
de
Ruiter
having
receiv'd
order
from
the
States
,
to
leave
the
Command
of
the
Fleet
that
was
to
stay
in
the
Mediterranean
,
to
Tromp
,
and
to
return
back
himself
into
Holland
,
accordingly
left
it
to
him
,
together
with
the
necessary
instructions
relating
to
what
remained
yet
to
be
put
in
Execution
;
and
at
the
same
time
put
on
Board
of
Tromp
the
Fiscal
Vyant
,
who
had
assisted
at
all
the
Treaties
that
had
been
made
with
the
Turks
,
that
he
might
serve
him
for
his
Counsel
.
But
instead
of
being
able
to
pacifie
the
turbulent
humour
of
those
Barbarians
;
the
Algerine
grew
thereupon
the
more
insolent
.
For
because
the
Ratification
of
the
Treaty
was
not
presently
sent
them
,
and
that
several
months
had
past
,
without
their
seeing
either
any
one
Dutch
Man
of
War
,
or
the
promised
ransome
for
the
Slaves
of
that
Nation
,
they
began
to
grow
so
much
the
more
impatient
,
because
the
Plague
that
then
raged
among
them
,
sweeping
away
many
of
the
Dutch
Slaves
,
deprived
thereby
their
greedy
Patrons
of
their
Ransom
too
;
So
that
the
murmurs
of
those
discontented
Barbarians
,
soon
after
broke
out
in
new
Hostilities
.
For
at
the
beginning
of
the
Summer
,
they
took
upon
them
to
visit
the
Dutch
Merchant
Ships
,
and
then
under
pretence
they
were
laden
with
Merchandises
belonging
to
their
Enemies
,
they
pillaged
them
without
Controul
.
And
not
long
after
they
carried
a
Dutch
Merchant
Ship
to
Algiers
,
confiscated
her
Cargo
,
and
sold
her
Men
for
Slaves
.
The
States
hearing
of
all
these
mischiefs
Writ
to
their
Consul
there
,
Vanden
Burg
,
to
sollicit
the
Restitution
of
the
Effects
that
were
seiz'd
,
and
the
Liberty
of
the
Slaves
those
Barbarians
had
newly
made
;
But
the
Corsairs
refusing
to
give
any
satisfaction
,
the
States
gave
Orders
,
they
should
be
obliged
to
it
by
force
of
Arms.
Rear-Admiral
Tromp
therefore
having
begun
to
give
them
Chace
,
took
several
of
them
,
and
freed
thereby
a
great
number
of
Christian
Slaves
.
And
among
others
,
he
took
two
Algerine
Corsairs
on
the
10th
of
January
,
near
Malaga
,
whereof
one
carried
18
,
and
the
other
20
Guns
,
and
had
on
board
her
180
Turks
or
Moors
,
25
Christian
Slaves
,
and
5
Renegadoes
.
These
Prises
caused
great
alarms
at
Algeirs
,
where
the
Barbarians
gave
out
,
that
their
losses
in
them
amounted
to
the
number
of
6
or
700
Turks
,
Moors
or
Renegadoes
,
for
which
they
demanded
Reparation
of
the
Dutch
Consul
.
Offering
to
make
satisfaction
for
their
own
Hostilities
;
to
Re-establish
all
things
again
upon
a
good
Foot
,
and
to
break
the
Treaty
Concluded
with
the
English
:
They
promised
likewise
,
they
would
stay
for
the
Money
designed
for
the
Ransoming
of
the
Dutch
Slaves
,
and
demanded
earnest
for
it
,
thinking
it
was
not
yet
too
late
to
obtain
,
a
Ratification
of
the
last
Treaty
of
Peace
.
But
the
States
being
but
too
well
acquainted
with
the
Perfidiousness
,
and
Inconstancy
of
those
Barbarians
,
were
so
far
from
hearkning
to
them
,
that
they
sollicited
the
Kings
of
France
,
Spain
and
England
,
to
joyn
their
Forces
with
those
of
the
United
Provinces
,
to
Destroy
them
;
since
they
exercised
their
Piracies
no
less
upon
the
Subjects
of
those
Crowns
,
than
upon
those
of
the
United
Provinces
.
And
the
States
would
fain
have
perswaded
those
Powers
to
have
set
out
three
several
Fleets
,
under
the
Flagg
of
each
Nation
,
to
go
and
Besiege
their
Harbours
,
Chace
them
from
the
Sea
,
and
utterly
ruine
their
abominable
and
insupportable
Domination
,
without
having
any
regard
to
any
former
Treaty
of
Peace
or
Alliance
.
Which
Project
seemed
very
important
and
well
contrived
:
But
yet
not
one
of
those
three
Princes
could
be
perswaded
to
hearken
to
it
.
The
French
King
indeed
highly
praised
it
,
and
gave
leave
to
the
Dutch
to
erect
Magazines
for
that
effect
,
both
of
Provisions
and
Ammunition
,
at
Thoulon
,
or
Marseilles
.
The
King
of
Spain
gave
Order
,
that
the
Dutch
Men
of
War
might
have
free
Ingress
and
Egress
in
and
out
of
his
Ports
:
And
the
King
of
Great
Britain
resolved
to
send
a
Fleet
into
the
Mediterranean
,
but
it
was
more
,
to
give
new
Umbrages
than
to
correspond
with
the
design
of
the
States
,
and
many
already
could
see
in
the
shuffling
conduct
of
that
Prince
,
certain
presages
of
an
approaching
Rupture
of
the
Peace
between
him
and
the
United
Provinces
.
For
at
the
same
time
that
he
proposed
to
send
a
Fleet
into
the
Mediterranean
,
to
act
in
concert
with
that
of
the
States
,
he
had
on
the
other
side
given
private
order
to
Captain
Holms
to
sail
to
the
Court
of
Africa
to
ruin
there
the
Commerce
of
the
Dutch
West-Indian
Company
,
and
to
seze
their
ships
and
Forts
.
The
States
therefore
seeing
there
was
little
Reliance
to
be
made
upon
the
assistance
of
any
of
all
those
Foregin
Powers
,
in
order
to
free
the
Sea
from
the
intolerable
Robberies
of
the
Algerines
,
Resolved
to
concern
themselves
no
further
than
for
the
preservation
of
their
own
Subjects
,
by
sending
another
Fleet
into
the
Mediterranean
,
under
the
Conduct
of
de
Ruiter
,
because
Rear-Admiral
Tromp
had
not
sufficient
Forces
to
accomplish
so
great
an
Enterprise
.
That
Fleet
was
composed
of
12
Ships
of
War
,
and
one
Flute
laden
with
Provisions
.
They
put
to
Sea
about
the
beginning
of
May
,
and
on
the
19th
of
June
,
arrived
in
the
Road
of
Algiers
.
De
Ruiter
presently
sent
notice
of
his
arrival
to
the
Divan
,
to
remind
them
to
pay
him
the
usual
Honours
,
and
to
Congratulate
his
arrival
.
But
they
were
so
far
from
acquitting
themselves
of
the
Duty
he
pretended
from
them
,
that
they
refused
to
let
the
Dutch
Consul
come
on
board
to
speak
with
the
Vice-Admiral
,
and
to
send
Hostages
for
the
security
of
the
Credential
Letters
,
which
were
to
be
presented
to
the
Divan
from
the
States
;
for
all
they
would
do
,
was
only
to
Grant
a
Passport
by
vertue
of
which
the
Commissioners
,
Mortaigne
,
and
Reyn●ld
de
Koeverden
went
into
the
Town
:
who
in
the
first
Audience
they
had
,
demand
the
exchange
of
Prisoners
,
and
the
release
of
the
Christian
Slaves
at
the
rate
they
were
first
sold
for
,
according
to
the
Conditions
of
the
last
Treaty
of
Peace
,
adding
that
as
for
other
differences
,
they
should
be
adjusted
by
the
Commissioners
to
be
appointed
for
that
purpose
on
each
side
.
All
which
was
refused
by
the
Divan
,
who
pretended
,
before
they
entered
into
any
Conference
about
the
Release
of
Prisoners
,
to
know
upon
what
grounds
they
might
be
assured
of
a
Peace
.
De
Ruiter
upon
that
,
sent
them
a
Memorial
that
made
a
great
noise
amongst
those
Barbarians
,
because
they
would
by
no
means
consent
to
any
indemnification
,
nor
to
the
Condition
insisted
upon
by
the
Dutch
that
no
free
Ship
should
be
liable
to
be
visited
,
which
was
the
Grievance
of
the
Hollanders
.
So
that
that
point
was
hotly
disputed
on
both
sides
in
the
Divan
;
But
after
all
,
the
Algerines
were
obstinate
,
and
would
absolutely
reserve
themselves
a
power
,
to
visit
all
Dutch
Ships
,
and
to
declare
for
Lawful
Prize
all
the
effects
they
found
in
them
to
belong
to
other
Nations
.
In
fine
,
the
Conclusion
of
the
Negotiation
was
this
,
That
those
Barbarians
,
declared
to
de
Ruiter
,
that
if
he
would
not
accept
their
propositions
,
he
would
not
permit
the
Dutch
Consul
to
retire
on
board
him
,
till
he
had
before
hand
sent
on
shore
37
Turks
or
Moors
that
were
Prisoners
in
his
Fleet.
Which
demand
of
theirs
he
thought
fit
to
grant
,
to
prevent
the
mischiefs
that
might
otherwise
happen
to
the
Dutch
Consul
and
his
Retinue
,
of
which
he
had
a
fresh
Example
in
the
Person
of
the
English
Consul
whom
those
Pyrates
had
cruelly
handled
,
after
they
had
broken
the
Peace
with
England
.
De
Ruiter
therefore
plainly
finding
,
that
it
was
to
no
purpose
to
use
any
gentle
methods
with
them
,
Ju●g●d
there
was
no
other
way
to
be
taken
,
but
to
reduce
the
Algerines
to
reason
by
force
of
Arms
,
and
accordingly
he
declared
War
against
them
the
4th
.
of
June
.
The
next
day
,
the
Fleet
unmoored
,
and
went
and
Anchored
on
the
7th
of
the
same
Month
at
Alicant
,
where
de
Ruiter
Received
a
Letter
with
advice
of
the
new
Troubles
that
Threatned
the
United
Provinces
from
the
English
and
with
orders
to
him
,
to
u●e
great
Prudence
and
such
Complaisant
measures
with
the
Ships
of
War
that
Crown
had
in
the
Mediterranean
as
to
give
them
no
new
causes
of
Umbrage
or
dissatisfaction
.
And
accordingly
there
were
no
Acts
of
Hostility
Committed
between
them
at
that
time
,
but
when
the
Captains
of
both
Nations
met
,
they
Reciprocally
saluted
one
another
with
some
Guns
in
a
very
amicable
manner
;
whilst
the
main
Body
of
the
English
Fleet
consisting
of
13
sail
of
Men
of
War
under
the
Command
of
Admiral
Lawson
kept
at
the
Mouth
of
the
Straits
.
Scarcely
had
England
and
Holland
begun
to
tast
of
the
fruits
of
Peace
which
had
cost
so
much
Blood
to
the
two
Nations
,
but
it
was
disturbed
again
by
new
Hostilities
as
the
Dutch
pretend
begun
by
the
English
,
out
of
Jealousie
at
the
flourishing
Commerce
,
and
great
prosperity
of
the
United
Provinces
,
which
prepared
for
de
Ruiter
,
who
was
then
busie
in
scouring
the
Mediterranean
of
the
Corsairs
,
new
work
in
the
Ocean
,
whither
Rear-Admiral
Tromp
was
already
returned
.
In
the
Months
of
May
and
June
,
news
came
to
Holland
,
that
the
English
under
the
Command
of
Robert
Holms
,
Committed
strange
depredations
towards
the
Isles
of
Cape
Verd
;
and
that
in
January
before
,
they
had
taken
a
Ship
called
the
Spectacles
,
and
a
Yacht
,
called
the
Neptune
,
which
belonged
to
the
Dutch
West-India
Company
.
The
English
Ship
that
took
the
Neptune
,
the
better
to
deceive
those
she
had
a
mind
to
attack
,
put
up
Dutch
Colours
.
The
same
advices
likewise
reported
,
that
Holms
had
on
the
31st
.
of
the
same
Month
,
summoned
the
Fort
of
Cape
Verd
situated
in
the
Isle
of
Goe-rede
,
and
that
upon
the
Governours
refusal
to
surrender
it
,
the
English
had
by
their
Cannon
forced
him
to
yield
it
,
and
had
at
the
same
time
taken
another
Yacht
called
the
Crocodile
;
that
the
Evening
before
,
they
had
taken
two
other
small
Ships
.
That
Holms
had
at
first
,
promised
the
Subjects
of
the
Dutch
Company
which
were
about
140
men
,
to
restore
them
the
Ship
called
the
Moon
,
to
serve
to
transport
them
back
into
their
own
Country
,
but
that
having
seen
a
great
quantity
of
Merchandizes
,
put
on
board
it
for
Holland
,
he
changed
his
mind
,
and
told
them
,
he
had
occasion
for
that
Ship
himself
,
to
transport
his
own
Goods
to
Sie●ra
Lions
;
But
that
however
,
at
last
he
had
granted
them
a
Portuguese
Ship
for
their
transportation
:
That
in
the
Month
of
July
,
the
States
had
other
fresher
news
,
concerning
the
Hostilities
Committed
on
the
Coast
of
Guinea
,
where
Captain
Holms
,
with
a
Squadron
of
14
English
men
of
War
,
had
seiz'd
all
the
places
and
Forts
belonging
to
the
Hollanders
,
except
the
Castle
del
Mina
,
exercising
all
manner
of
Cruelties
towards
the
Men
,
as
they
pretended
to
make
appear
by
the
following
Letter
written
from
the
Castle
del
Mina
,
by
General
Valkenburg
.
Ever
since
the
English
have
endeavoured
to
establish
the
Royal
Company
upon
this
Coast
,
they
have
not
only
troubled
themselves
no
further
to
contribute
to
the
preservation
of
the
Peace
before
Concluded
,
but
they
have
proceeded
to
cruel
Hostilities
by
Sea
and
Land
against
all
of
our
Nation
,
and
to
drive
at
the
utter
ruin
of
our
Commerce
.
Those
Fatal
attempts
begun
by
the
arrival
of
two
of
the
King
of
England's
men
of
War
,
and
some
others
belonging
to
the
Royal
Company
,
under
the
Command
of
John
Stoats
,
who
being
overcome
with
the
great
honour
and
beneficial
civilities
done
him
by
the
Hollanders
,
could
not
find
in
his
heart
to
execute
any
thing
against
them
.
But
they
stopt
not
there
,
for
on
the
last
day
of
April
,
there
appeared
a
Squadron
of
2
men
of
War
and
6
Frigats
,
under
Captain
Holms
's
Flag
,
and
that
of
one
Joseph
Cubits
,
who
being
afterwards
Reinforced
to
the
Number
of
14
men
of
War
,
have
commited
in
the
midst
of
Peace
all
the
Acts
of
Hostility
they
could
have
committed
in
the
middle
of
a
Declared
War
,
attacking
both
by
Sea
and
Land
,
our
places
,
and
taking
from
us
by
Force
,
the
Fortresses
,
Tacorari
,
Cabo-Cors
,
Adia
,
and
Ameabo
.
They
have
also
besieged
Chama
,
and
keep
us
here
blockt
up
so
close
that
very
hardly
can
we
find
means
to
send
you
a
Letter
.
The
losses
caused
to
the
Company
thereby
,
amount
to
several
Tuns
of
Gold
;
And
as
to
the
Persons
of
the
Hollanders
,
especially
those
of
Adia
,
after
they
had
given
them
quarter
,
they
have
treated
them
with
all
the
rigour
and
barbarity
Imaginable
,
cutting
off
their
Noses
and
Ears
,
to
leave
them
afterwards
to
linger
out
a
miserable
and
languishing
life
;
and
others
throats
they
have
cut
,
as
if
they
had
been
so
many
beasts
.
The
dead
Bodies
that
were
buried
in
the
Earth
which
God
and
Nature
had
allotted
them
to
enjoy
repose
and
silence
in
,
have
been
pull'd
out
of
their
Graves
,
and
their
heads
cut
off
and
fixt
on
Pikes
tops
as
't
were
in
Triumph
.
And
those
who
were
dying
,
or
already
dead
,
had
their
Privy
Members
,
Heads
,
Arms
,
and
Legs
,
cut
off
,
and
by
an
Excess
of
cruelty
some
had
their
Hearts
pull●d
out
.
The
Prisoners
were
most
unmercifully
treated
with
design
to
make
them
Perjure
themselves
.
The
English
have
continued
all
these
cruelties
to
this
very
day
,
and
say
they
still
expect
another
Reinforcement
of
6
great
men
of
War
to
drive
the
Hollanders
from
this
Coast
.
Our
men
are
still
more
severely
handled
by
the
Natives
of
the
Country
who
usually
follow
the
Victorious
Party
.
The
English
assure
us
,
we
shall
receive
no
succour
,
and
scatter
abroad
writings
by
which
they
promise
a
recompense
to
al
that
shall
embrace
their
Party
.
We
will
endea-l
vour
in
so
fatal
a
conjuncture
,
honourably
to
defend
the
place
,
in
hopes
to
receive
a
considerable
succour
from
the
Vnited
Provinces
,
by
the
means
of
which
all
things
may
be
re-established
.
This
Letter
was
printed
by
the
States
Order
,
and
Copies
of
it
sent
to
all
Ships
of
War
,
and
to
all
Frontier
places
that
had
Garrisons
in
them
.
However
,
supposing
all
that
dreadful
Relation
true
to
a
Letter
,
the
English
could
cite
for
their
excuse
the
precedent
set
them
before
by
the
Dutch
at
Amboyna
.
But
the
truth
was
many
had
been
the
wrongs
the
English
pretended
to
have
suffered
both
in
persons
and
effects
from
the
Hollanders
in
several
parts
of
the
World
,
for
which
having
often
demanded
and
received
no
satisfaction
,
they
proceeded
to
reprisals
which
occasioned
some
Foreign
Emissaries
and
Incendiaries
,
common
Enemies
to
b●th
Nations
,
greedily
laying
hold
of
,
used
all
the
little
Arts
and
Tricks
imaginable
to
represent
all
that
was
done
on
either
side
tho'
never
so
trivial
,
in
the
most
dreadfull
Colours
on
purpose
to
exasperate
the
two
Nations
to
worrie
one
another
like
Wild
Beasts
till
they
were
able
to
stand
no
longer
,
that
so
a
third
might
come
in
,
and
devour
them
both
.
For
that
the
English
set
on
by
the
same
pernicious
instruments
were
not
a
whit
behind
hand
with
the
Dutch
by
rendering
them
as
Odious
on
the
other
side
by
writings
and
manifesto's
stuffed
with
no
less
specious
Complaints
,
appears
by
the
following
Remonstrances
presented
against
the
Hollanders
,
to
the
English
Parliament
,
and
by
the
Parliament
presented
to
the
King
:
Which
we
have
likewise
inserted
,
that
the
Reader
might
see
what
each
party
had
to
say
,
and
did
actually
alledge
for
themselves
.
The
Complaints
of
the
English
East-India
Company
against
the
Dutch
,
set
forth
,
I.
THAT
the
English
East-India
Company
strongly
insist
,
to
have
an
Indemnification
for
all
the
Damages
they
have
suffered
ever
since
the
Year
1656.
valued
at
14008000
l.
for
the
Ships
and
Effects
taken
from
them
by
the
Dutch
,
and
87000
l.
for
the
Losses
they
have
suffered
,
according
to
a
modest
and
just
Supputation
that
had
been
made
of
them
,
with
respect
to
their
Factories
,
that
have
been
burnt
or
destroyed
by
the
same
Hollanders
;
most
of
which
had
happened
since
the
glorious
Restoration
of
his
Majesty
.
That
they
complained
likewise
,
That
the
Isle
of
Poleron
had
been
possessed
by
the
Dutch
for
the
space
of
42
Years
,
against
all
sort
of
Justice
,
since
the
States
had
no
lawful
Right
to
it
,
and
had
consented
in
the
Treaties
that
had
been
made
with
them
,
to
restore
it
,
and
yet
persisted
to
keep
it
by
Force
.
They
demand
also
,
to
be
Reimbursed
the
Charges
for
the
two
Ships
that
were
sent
the
Year
,
before
to
take
Possession
of
the
said
Isle
,
which
amounted
to
23000
l.
II.
The
said
Company
complains
also
of
the
indirect
means
the
Dutch
use
in
the
Indies
,
to
interrupt
their
Commerce
,
by
affecting
to
declare
War
against
all
those
Places
where
the
English
settle
any
Factors
for
carrying
on
their
Traffick
;
and
that
under
Pretence
of
that
Declaration
,
they
send
Ships
to
anchor
before
those
Places
,
only
with
pure
Design
to
destroy
the
Commerce
of
the
English
,
of
whom
they
are
extremely
jealous
;
so
that
the
Declaration
of
War
against
those
Places
,
is
but
a
meer
Juggle
,
by
which
the
English
really
suffer
.
III.
That
under
Pretence
of
having
made
an
Agreement
with
the
Kings
of
those
Countries
about
the
principal
Commodities
of
them
,
they
disturb
the
Commerce
of
the
English
,
and
fire
upon
their
Boats
that
Approach
the
Coast
;
telling
them
,
to
excuse
themselves
from
Blame
,
That
they
have
already
bought
up
all
the
Commodities
;
when
there
is
nothing
so
false
.
IV.
That
when
those
Artifices
fail
them
,
they
put
an
Arrest
upon
the
English
Ships
,
both
great
and
small
,
as
is
practised
among
Enemies
.
V.
That
they
affect
to
publish
aloud
,
That
they
are
Sovereigns
of
the
Indian-Sea
,
and
so
under
the
Shadow
of
an
Imaginary
Dominion
,
affront
the
Banner
of
England
,
to
the
great
Contempt
of
his
Majesty
and
dishonour
of
the
Nation
.
The
Turky
Company
complain
,
That
since
the
Restoration
of
his
Majesty
,
the
Hollanders
have
taken
from
their
Merchants
two
Ships
,
valued
at
110500
l.
under
Pretence
of
Letters
of
Reprisal
from
the
King
of
Spain
;
and
that
after
the
said
Letters
Patents
have
been
recalled
by
the
King
of
Spain
,
in
consequence
of
a
renewing
of
Alliance
between
the
two
Crowns
:
And
that
the
Man
of
War
that
took
them
was
both
built
and
equipped
in
Holland
.
The
Royal
Company
of
Guiney
represent
,
I.
That
the
Hollanders
had
done
all
they
could
,
to
drive
their
Merchants
out
of
the
Coasts
of
Africk
;
that
they
likewise
endeavour
to
destroy
their
Commerce
,
by
chasing
their
Ships
from
one
Harbour
to
another
,
to
interrupt
their
Traffick
with
the
Negroes
.
II.
They
have
persuaded
the
Negroes
,
to
destroy
their
Slaves
and
Forts
.
III.
They
have
seized
&
arrested
their
Effects
and
their
Barks
.
IV.
They
have
seized
upon
the
Fort
Cabo-Cors
,
of
which
they
are
still
in
Possession
,
tho
it
of
right
belongs
to
the
English
.
V.
That
they
have
fired
upon
his
Majesty's
Flag
,
even
then
when
they
had
no
other
Design
but
to
put
our
Merchants
and
their
People
on
Shore
,
to
go
to
our
Factories
.
VI.
That
they
have
twice
sent
their
Protestations
to
the
English
,
to
advertise
them
to
offer
to
sell
no
more
of
their
Commodities
on
that
Coast
;
and
if
they
refused
,
to
threaten
them
,
They
would
proceed
to
Hostilities
,
and
declare
the
English
to
be
the
Authors
of
the
War
.
The
Merchants
trading
to
Portugal
,
complain
,
That
a
Dutch
Man
of
War
,
called
,
The
Sluis
van
Ulissingen
,
had
attaqued
and
seised
The
Brasilian
Frigat
,
belonging
to
them
,
valued
at
16000
l.
The
Merchants
of
the
Royal
African
Company
complain
,
That
the
Losses
,
they
had
suffered
from
the
Dutch
,
amounted
to
at
least
33000
l.
That
several
of
their
Ships
had
been
burnt
or
sunk
,
and
some
taken
,
and
that
the
Men
of
them
had
been
either
poysoned
,
or
had
had
their
Throats
cut
;
that
some
of
them
having
scaped
the
Rope
,
had
been
chaced
,
like
miserable
Wretches
,
up
and
down
the
Coasts
of
Barbary
;
four
of
which
,
by
Divine
Providence
,
got
at
last
into
England
:
And
that
two
of
these
last
had
testified
the
same
in
Holland
,
and
reproached
them
to
the
Face
with
it
,
who
had
so
inhumanly
treated
them
.
For
which
offences
the
Hollanders
had
never
,
to
that
present
time
,
made
any
Reparation
to
the
English
,
tho'
all
those
hostile
Attempts
had
been
fully
cleared
and
proved
,
by
Oaths
made
before
the
Admiralty
,
and
by
the
Complaints
put
up
to
the
States
by
His
Majesty's
Envoy
Extraordinary
;
who
demanded
,
at
the
same
time
,
satisfaction
for
them
.
|
All
which
Losses
,
suffered
by
the
East-India
Company
,
as
well
in
Ships
as
Merchandises
,
amounts
to
the
Sum
of
|
258000
l.
|
|
For
the
Turky
Company
,
|
110500
l.
|
|
For
the
Portugal
Merchants
,
|
160000
l.
|
|
For
the
Private
Merchants
trading
to
the
Coasts
of
Africk
,
|
33000
l.
|
|
Besides
the
Losses
of
the
Isle
of
Poleron
,
which
,
according
to
the
just
Estimation
that
had
been
made
of
them
,
amounted
to
above
|
4000000
l.
|
Whilst
these
things
were
transacting
,
Advice
was
sent
,
in
a
Letter
,
from
England
to
Holland
,
to
an
eminent
Person
among
the
States
,
of
all
the
Preparations
of
War
that
were
making
in
that
Kingdom
;
which
Letter
was
conceived
in
these
Terms
.
EVer
since
the
second
of
June
,
they
have
begun
here
,
with
all
imaginable
Diligence
,
to
hasten
the
Equipment
of
the
Navy
.
The
King
,
and
the
Duke
of
York
his
Brother
,
have
been
in
person
,
to
visit
the
Ships
in
the
Thames
,
giving
Order
,
with
all
speed
,
to
equip
out
those
set
down
in
the
following
List.
For
that
end
,
they
have
raised
a
great
number
of
Mariners
,
Fishermen
,
Carpenters
,
and
other
Sea-faring
Men
,
to
be
employed
in
working
,
without
Intermission
,
in
arming
out
the
Fleet
,
of
which
the
most
considerable
will
most
of
them
,
be
ready
next
Week
,
as
t
is
believed
.
The
Magazines
are
provided
with
all
things
.
Those
that
are
equipping
at
Portsmouth
advance
likewise
apace
,
and
will
be
ready
much
about
the
same
time
.
They
have
likewise
begun
this
Week
to
kill
Beasts
,
and
press
Men
,
●n
which
they
meet
with
no
great
Trouble
,
because
of
the
Good-will
of
the
Seamen
to
the
Cause
,
who
come
in
Troops
to
offer
their
Service
;
so
that
the
sixt
Number
of
10000
Seamen
will
be
soon
compleat
.
They
have
also
chosen
25
new
Captains
,
without
any
distinction
of
Religion
,
they
who
have
served
under
Cromwel
,
and
are
most
of
them
Anabaptists
or
Presbyterians
;
they
give
out
,
That
the
Fleet
will
be
composed
of
30
Capital
Ships
of
War
,
and
that
the
rest
shall
be
kept
in
Readiness
,
to
be
employed
upon
occasion
,
to
form
a
second
Fleet.
They
say
,
Prince
Robert
,
the
Duke
of
Albemarle
,
and
the
Earl
of
Sandwich
are
proposed
for
General
Officers
.
The
Ship
that
was
designed
to
go
and
fetch
the
Earl
of
Carlisle
from
Stockholm
,
is
countermanded
,
and
is
now
with
another
Fregat
at
Tilbury-Hope
,
to
stop
all
Dutch
Seamen
,
and
take
the
choicest
of
them
to
serve
in
his
Majesty's
Ships
;
as
also
the
6
Ships
,
of
which
I
informed
you
in
my
last
,
which
are
equipt
by
the
Royal
Company
.
There
is
also
at
Portsmouth
a
King's
Ship
of
36
Guns
ready
to
sail
with
the
first
fair
Wind
,
hitherward
,
as
is
likewise
another
that
is
refitting
.
I
am
informed
,
That
the
Advice
Yacht
,
that
brought
the
News
of
the
Surrender
of
Cape-Verd
,
has
brought
back
the
Governour
of
that
Place
,
who
is
kept
Prisoner
somewhere
in
the
Kingdom
.
A
List
of
the
Ships
that
are
equipping
.
-
At
Chatham
,
the
Royal
James
,
augmented
with
an
Addition
of
several
Guns
,
the
Royal
Prince
,
the
Royal
Charles
,
the
London
,
Henry
,
Matthias
,
Dreadnought
,
Revenge
,
Portland
,
Elizabeth
,
Hampshire
,
Diamond
,
Ruby
and
Adventure
.
These
Capital
Ships
,
the
most
of
them
carrying
3
Tires
of
Guns
,
are
equipping
with
all
diligence
.
And
,
for
want
of
Men
they
have
taken
a
great
many
Watermen
and
Fishermen
off
of
the
River
,
and
pressed
Seamen
to
arm
out
the
Ships
,
and
provide
them
with
all
sorts
of
Ammunition
and
Provisions
.
At
Woolwich
they
are
fitting
out
these
Third
Rate
Ships
,
viz.
the
Dunkirk
,
the
Henrietta
,
the
Plymouth
,
the
Crown
,
the
Anne
,
and
the
Assurance
:
And
at
Deptford
,
of
the
Fourth
and
Fifth
Rates
,
the
Convertine
,
the
Pearl
,
the
Dortmuyen
,
the
Hector
and
the
Dolphin
.
The
most
of
these
last
have
their
Sails
already
spread
,
and
their
Guns
ready
,
whilst
they
are
working
with
all
Diligence
in
fitting
out
the
rest
.
Affairs
being
in
that
State
,
and
the
Vnited
Provinces
apprehending
that
all
those
Squablings
would
quickly
break
out
into
an
open
War
with
England
,
began
to
put
all
things
in
order
:
And
it
was
resolved
in
the
Assembly
of
the
States
,
That
Notice
should
be
given
to
the
Ships
bound
Westward
,
to
go
round
about
Scotland
.
The
Zealanders
likewise
sent
2
nimble
sailing
Ships
to
Hitland
,
to
give
warning
to
the
Ships
belonging
to
the
State
,
to
avoid
the
Harbours
of
England
,
to
prevent
the
falling
of
the
Ships
,
coming
back
from
the
East-Indies
,
into
the
Hands
of
the
English
;
and
Rear-Admiral
Tromp
was
sent
out
to
Sea
with
a
Fleet
of
23
Men
of
War
,
to
cruise
for
them
,
and
to
secure
their
Retreat
home
.
In
the
mean
while
,
Mr.
de
Goch
set
out
the
17th
of
June
,
in
Quality
of
Ambassadour
from
the
States
,
towards
the
Court
of
England
,
to
endeavour
amicably
to
appease
and
compose
the
Differences
that
threatned
the
two
Nations
with
a
Rupture
.
He
arrived
on
the
22d
at
London
,
and
was
received
by
the
Master
of
the
Ceremonies
,
with
great
Marks
of
Friendship
,
and
the
very
same
Evening
had
Audience
of
his
Majesty
at
Whitehall
;
and
after
the
usual
Compliments
,
their
Discourse
fell
upon
the
Affairs
that
concerned
the
East
and
West-India
Companies
,
upon
which
the
King
,
among
other
Reasons
,
told
him
,
That
it
was
not
to
be
suffered
,
That
the
DutchWest-India
Company
only
by
the
means
of
a
few
Forts
,
and
3
or
4
Ships
,
without
possessing
elsewhere
any
Country
within
Land
,
should
pretend
to
render
the
Coasts
of
Africk
inaccessible
to
all
others
,
by
blocking
up
the
Havens
and
the
Mouths
of
the
Rivers
,
against
their
Commerce
,
and
keeping
them
off
,
and
driving
them
away
from
every
Place
.
The
Ambassadour
replied
,
'
That
all
the
Difficulties
about
that
Affair
were
terminated
by
the
last
Treaty
;
and
that
it
ought
to
be
examined
whether
the
Dutch
had
done
any
thing
in
contravention
to
it
.
After
that
he
made
his
Complaints
of
the
Hostile
Attempts
of
Captain
Holms
,
in
Guiney
:
To
which
the
King
made
him
the
same
Answer
he
had
done
before
upon
the
like
Subject
,
That
he
had
not
the
least
Knowledge
of
that
,
but
that
as
soon
as
he
should
be
informed
of
it
,
he
would
act
as
he
found
convenient
.
After
which
he
begun
to
speak
of
the
great
Naval
Preparations
that
were
making
in
Holland
.
The
States
Ambassadour
justified
himself
,
by
answering
,
That
those
Preparations
were
chiefly
for
the
great
Convoys
they
were
forced
to
allow
their
Merchant
Ships
,
for
the
Security
of
their
Commerce
;
praying
his
Majesty
withal
,
That
he
would
please
to
give
order
,
as
the
States
would
likewise
do
,
on
their
side
,
that
nothing
might
pass
between
the
two
Fleets
,
that
might
disturb
the
Peace
,
or
alienate
the
good
Correspondence
settled
between
the
two
Nations
.
The
next
day
Mr.
de
Goch
,
had
Audience
of
the
Duke
of
York
,
and
in
the
Evening
of
the
Chancellour
;
in
which
they
discoursed
of
nothing
else
but
of
the
great
Preparations
for
War
,
and
of
the
Affairs
of
the
East
and
West-India
Companies
.
Some
Time
after
,
the
States
Ambassadour
presented
a
Memorial
concerning
the
extraordinary
Naval
Preparations
in
England
,
and
about
the
Hostilities
committed
by
Captain
Holms
,
and
the
forbidding
of
the
Importation
of
Dutch
Commodities
into
the
Kingdom
,
under
the
Pretence
of
the
contagious
Disease
that
then
reigned
in
Holland
.
The
King
answered
very
largely
to
all
those
Points
,
in
Writing
;
of
which
the
Substance
was
,
That
he
had
no
Design
his
Fleet
should
commit
any
Act
of
Hostility
;
That
he
had
given
no
Order
to
Captain
Holms
to
seise
upon
Cape-Verde
,
or
any
other
Forts
belonging
to
the
Hollanders
,
nor
to
attempt
any
thing
against
the
Subjects
of
the
United
Provinces
;
That
they
ought
to
have
more
confidence
in
his
Royal
word
,
than
in
the
Reports
of
Pilots
and
Mariners
,
who
were
very
often
ill
informed
:
That
as
what
concerned
his
forbidding
the
importation
of
Dutch
Commodities
,
upon
the
account
of
the
Contagion
,
he
was
obliged
so
to
do
,
for
the
preservation
of
his
Kingdom
,
and
of
the
health
of
his
Subjects
.
In
the
mean
while
the
French
King
by
his
Ambassadors
at
London
and
the
Hague
,
presented
his
Mediation
in
order
to
appease
the
differences
that
were
ready
to
kindle
a
War
between
those
two
Powers
;
which
the
United
Provinces
agreeably
received
,
but
●ngland
refused
:
Which
was
the
cause
,
that
a
little
time
after
the
Ambassadors
of
that
Crown
returned
home
very
ill
satisfied
.
The
States
laying
nothing
more
to
Heart
,
than
the
maintenance
of
Peace
,
and
being
very
sensible
how
dear
the
last
War
had
cost
them
,
were
glad
before
they
engaged
themselves
in
such
another
,
to
try
all
means
possible
to
avert
it
.
For
that
effect
,
they
writ
a
Letter
to
the
King
of
England
,
to
signifie
●o
him
,
that
they
had
no
other
Passion
greater
than
that
to
preserve
Peace
,
hoping
his
Majesty
would
be
of
the
same
mind
.
The
King
made
answer
to
the
States
by
another
Letter
,
which
was
delivered
them
by
the
English
Ambassador
at
his
return
to
the
Hague
,
for
he
had
made
a
step
to
London
,
to
endeavour
to
terminate
the
differences
between
the
two
Companies
of
the
East
and
West
Indies
.
That
Letter
was
full
of
protestations
,
signifying
the
great
desire
the
King
had
on
his
side
,
to
maintain
the
Peace
;
But
then
returning
to
the
accustomed
complaints
,
it
was
added
,
that
he
saw
with
great
regret
,
that
they
went
not
about
to
give
any
satisfaction
to
the
English
for
their
losses
;
and
in
fine
,
concluded
with
a
protestation
before
God
and
Man
,
that
they
would
be
guilty
of
all
the
Inconveniencies
,
and
fatal
Consequences
that
would
follow
,
if
a
speedy
Reparation
were
not
made
.
The
States
,
after
the
reading
of
that
Letter
,
found
well
enough
,
that
they
were
no
longer
to
flatter
themselves
,
the
Intention
of
the
Court
of
England
being
there
clearly
enough
laid
open
to
them
,
and
without
mincing
of
the
matter
,
the
King
foretold
them
a
part
of
those
disasters
that
were
ready
to
happen
.
In
the
mean
while
the
English
Navy
was
assembling
with
all
diligence
in
the
Downs
,
and
about
the
Isle
of
Wight
;
And
some
Dutch
Advice-Yachts
that
were
sent
out
from
time
to
time
,
to
view
and
observe
them
were
seized
:
Which
confirmed
the
States
in
the
Resolution
to
have
Recourse
to
nothing
else
but
the
force
of
Arms.
Rear-Admiral
Tromp
being
at
Sea
,
as
we
have
said
,
to
Cruise
upon
the
Watch
for
the
Ships
that
were
expected
from
the
East
-
Indies
,
had
met
them
in
the
month
of
August
,
at
Fairhills
near
Hitland
,
and
had
conducted
them
into
their
respective
Ports
,
without
seeing
any
English
by
the
way
.
And
four
Merchant
Ships
belonging
to
the
West-India
Company
,
Bound
for
the
Coast
of
Guiney
were
ready
to
set
sail
;
but
it
was
not
thought
fit
to
let
them
go
without
a
good
Convoy
,
because
of
the
advice
they
had
had
,
that
Prince
Robert
with
a
Squadron
of
18
Men
of
War
,
was
ready
to
set
out
for
Guiney
,
whither
he
was
going
to
favour
the
depredations
the
English
were
making
in
those
parts
.
The
States
in
regard
of
the
Good
Services
they
had
received
from
the
West-India
Company
in
several
occasions
,
were
resolved
to
employ
their
Forces
to
protect
them
:
And
for
that
end
gave
order
to
Captain
Kampen
with
a
Squadron
of
10
Men
of
War
,
to
Convoy
to
Guiney
the
4
Ships
bound
thither
belonging
to
that
Company
.
But
because
they
doubted
not
but
that
the
King
of
Great
Britain
would
construe
that
Resolution
for
a
new
attempt
on
their
side
towards
the
Breach
of
a
Peace
,
they
sent
orders
to
their
Ambassador
at
London
to
present
his
Majesty
the
following
Memorial
thereupon
.
The
States
being
glad
to
use
all
imaginable
precautions
to
prevent
any
attempts
of
the
English
against
those
Ships
,
because
they
knew
well
enough
from
good
hands
,
that
the
English-Fleet
was
ready
to
put
to
Sea
,
gave
order
to
Lieutenant
Admiral
Opdam
,
who
was
then
at
Goree
with
a
part
of
the
States
Fleet
,
to
Convoy
them
the
length
of
the
Channel
.
That
Fleet
that
had
been
equipt
with
all
diligence
,
was
composed
of
39
Men
of
War
.
But
it
seems
afterwards
,
the
Guiney
Expedition
was
countermanded
both
by
the
English
,
and
the
Dutch
:
For
Prince
Robert
received
other
Orders
,
and
the
Ships
of
the
Company
as
well
as
their
intended
Convoy
were
detained
by
contrary
Winds
.
In
the
mean
while
,
news
came
to
the
Dutch
,
That
the
English
had
appeared
with
some
Men
of
War
before
New
Amsterdam
,
situated
in
New
Holland
,
in
the
West
-
Indies
,
and
had
taken
it
,
and
forced
all
the
Colony
to
submit
to
their
Obedience
,
with
so
much
the
greater
Facility
,
because
the
Hollanders
had
no
relief
to
hope
for
,
and
the
English
were
ten
to
one
,
The
Capitulation
was
signed
the
8th
of
September
,
under
the
following
Conditions
.
Articles
of
the
Surrender
of
New
Holland
to
the
English
.
1.
WE
consent
,
that
the
States
General
,
or
their
West
-
India
Company
,
shall
keep
and
possess
peaceably
all
the
Buildings
and
Houses
except
those
which
shall
be
found
within
the
Fort
;
And
that
they
shall
be
permitted
to
transport
within
the
space
of
6
months
,
all
the
Arms
and
Ammunition
belonging
to
them
,
or
else
they
shall
be
paid
for
them
.
2.
All
the
Publick
Houses
shall
be
employ'd
to
the
same
use
as
at
present
.
3
Every
Private
Man
shall
remain
a
free
Burgher
,
and
shall
retain
his
Lands
,
Houses
,
Goods
,
and
Ships
in
what
part
of
the
Country
soever
they
be
,
to
dispose
of
them
as
he
shall
think
Good
.
4.
That
if
any
of
the
Inhabitants
have
a
mind
to
retire
elsewhere
,
they
shall
have
a
year
and
six
weeks
time
granted
them
,
for
transporting
their
Wives
,
Servants
and
Effects
,
and
disposing
of
their
Lands
.
5.
That
if
any
of
the
Publick
Ministers
there
shall
resolve
to
retire
into
England
,
they
shall
be
transported
thither
in
his
Majesties
Frigats
,
without
paying
any
thing
for
their
Passage
.
6.
It
is
likewise
freely
granted
to
any
person
,
to
come
freely
from
Holland
into
this
Country
,
to
make
Plantations
here
;
and
Dutch
Ships
may
Anchor
here
with
all
liberty
,
and
return
at
pleasure
,
or
send
back
their
Ships
laden
with
all
sorts
of
Merchandises
into
their
own
Country
.
7.
All
Ships
coming
hither
from
Holland
,
or
elsewhere
,
shall
be
freely
received
here
with
their
Merchandises
,
and
as
freely
permitted
to
go
away
again
elsewhere
,
as
was
practised
before
our
arrival
,
and
that
for
the
space
of
six
months
continuance
.
8.
The
Hollanders
here
shall
enjoy
.
Liberty
of
Conscience
in
Divine
Service
,
and
Ecclesiastical
Discipline
.
9.
No
Hollander
,
nor
any
Ship
belonging
to
him
shall
be
forced
in
time
of
War
to
take
Service
against
any
Nation
whatsoever
.
10.
No
Manathan
,
or
Inhabitant
of
the
Country
shall
be
charged
with
Quartering
of
Soldiers
,
till
the
Officers
have
fully
paid
and
satisfified
him
for
it
beforehand
;
and
that
too
only
when
the
Fort
shall
not
be
able
to
lodge
all
the
Soldiers
within
it
;
and
then
the
Burgomasters
shall
be
oblig'd
to
chuse
out
some
houses
for
that
purpose
.
11.
The
Hollanders
shall
keep
their
ancient
Customs
concerning
Inheritances
and
Successions
.
12.
All
Publick
Writings
and
Contracts
concerning
any
ones
Inheritance
,
or
Ecclesiastical
Government
,
and
the
Diaconie
,
or
Orphans
Chamber
,
shall
be
carefully
preserved
by
those
who
have
received
them
:
And
if
there
be
any
Writings
that
concern
the
States
General
,
they
shall
be
sent
to
them
upon
occasion
.
13.
The
sentences
that
have
been
given
here
shall
be
firm
and
stable
,
without
being
stopt
by
any
new
proceedings
;
But
if
any
one
think
injustice
has
been
done
him
,
and
that
he
shall
appeal
to
the
States
General
;
the
contrary
party
shall
be
obliged
to
answer
his
Grievances
.
14.
If
any
Hollanders
dwelling
here
,
shall
desire
to
go
into
England
,
or
any
other
part
of
his
Majesties
Dominions
,
to
Trade
there
,
or
would
traffick
with
the
Indians
,
upon
his
presenting
for
that
effect
a
Petition
to
the
Governour
,
a
Writing
shall
be
granted
him
by
which
he
shall
be
declared
a
Burgher
of
that
Place
,
and
in
that
Quality
he
shall
be
permitted
to
trade
there
with
all
Liberty
.
15.
All
Subalternate
Burghers
,
Officers
and
Magistrates
shall
be
continued
in
their
Offices
if
they
desire
it
,
till
the
time
prescribed
for
a
new
Election
,
and
then
new
ones
shall
be
chosen
,
upon
this
Condition
,
that
the
new
elected
Magistrates
shall
be
obliged
to
take
an
Oath
of
Fidelity
to
his
Britanick
Majesty
before
they
enter
upon
their
Office
.
16.
That
if
it
appears
expences
have
been
made
for
the
Publick
,
and
means
found
out
to
erect
Funds
designed
for
the
paying
them
,
those
means
shall
still
subsist
,
and
be
put
in
execution
according
to
the
first
project
formed
of
them
,
till
all
the
said
Charges
be
re-imburs'd
.
17.
All
Contracts
formerly
made
,
and
all
Debts
and
Obligations
,
that
concern
the
Inhabitants
of
this
Province
,
shall
be
exacted
and
prosecuted
according
to
the
Customs
practised
by
the
Hollanders
.
18.
That
if
it
be
certified
,
that
the
Amsterdam
Company
of
the
West
-
Indies
,
owe
any
sum
of
Money
to
any
one
of
this
Country
,
it
is
agreed
,
that
the
enquiry
after
the
Ships
and
Goods
designed
for
the
United
Provinces
shall
be
continued
6
months
and
more
.
19.
All
Military
Officers
and
their
Soldiers
shall
march
out
with
the
Equipages
Compleat
,
Colours
flying
,
and
Drums
beating
;
and
if
any
one
of
the
Body
of
those
Troops
shall
be
minded
to
employ
himself
in
planting
,
he
shall
be
allowed
50
Acres
of
Land
;
and
if
any
one
of
them
will
serve
in
quality
of
Servant
,
he
shall
be
received
as
a
free
person
,
and
shall
afterwards
be
made
a
free
Burgher
of
the
Country
.
20
That
in
case
the
King
of
Great
Britain
and
the
States
of
the
United
Provinces
should
agree
,
that
this
Province
should
be
restored
to
them
,
with
the
good
pleasure
of
his
Majesty
,
it
shall
be
redelivered
to
them
upon
the
same
foot
and
under
the
same
Conditions
.
21.
The
Town
of
the
Isle
of
Manathan
shall
have
the
Privilege
to
elect
Deputies
who
shall
have
their
free
Votes
in
all
publick
Affairs
as
well
as
the
other
Deputies
.
22.
They
which
shall
have
any
Houses
in
the
Fortress
of
Orange
,
may
,
if
they
please
,
demolish
the
fortification
,
and
preserve
their
Houses
as
it
is
practised
in
all
open
places
in
which
there
is
no
Fort.
23.
If
any
one
amongst
the
Soldiery
,
shall
desire
to
go
away
for
Holland
,
and
that
the
Amsterdam
Company
,
or
any
other
private
Person
be
minded
to
charge
themselves
with
his
transportation
,
they
shall
be
provided
with
a
free
Passport
which
they
shall
receive
from
Colonel
Richard
Nichols
Deputy
Governour
under
his
Royal
Highness
and
the
other
Deputies
,
by
way
of
Provision
for
the
security
of
such
Soldiers
and
of
the
Ships
that
shall
transport
them
as
well
as
their
effects
,
against
all
Acts
of
Hostility
from
his
Majesti●s
Ships
,
or
those
of
any
of
his
Subjects
.
24.
That
the
Copy
of
the
Kings
Patent
to
his
Royal
Highness
and
the
Copy
of
his
Royal
Highnesses
Commission
granted
to
Colonel
Nichols
,
Signed
and
Authorized
by
two
other
Deputies
,
and
by
Mr.
John
Winschrop
,
for
true
Copies
shall
be
deliverd
into
the
hands
of
Mr.
Stuyvesand
,
the
present
Governour
,
to
the
end
that
on
next
Monday
at
8
a
clock
in
the
morning
,
near
the
Old-Mill
they
may
be
Sealed
,
as
well
as
the
Articles
granted
by
Colonel
Nichols
,
Lieutenant
Governour
for
his
Royal
Highness
;
and
that
two
hours
,
after
,
the
Fort
,
and
the
Town
,
called
New
Amsterdam
in
the
Isle
of
Manathan
,
shall
be
delivered
into
the
Hands
of
the
said
Colonel
Richard
Nichols
,
by
the
means
of
them
whom
he
shall
Depute
thereunto
under
his
Hand
and
Seal
.
New
Holland
had
been
possess'd
by
the
United
Provinces
above
60
Years
,
but
being
joined
on
one
side
to
New
England
,
so
near
a
Neighbourhood
of
the
two
Nations
made
them
that
they
could
not
endure
one
another
together
,
and
was
a
perpetual
source
of
Jealousie
and
dispute
;
to
prevent
which
,
in
the
year
1663
,
they
agreed
upon
certain
limits
that
were
to
separate
them
.
But
the
Engli●h
broke
that
project
under
pretence
they
had
received
no
Orders
for
so
doing
,
and
whilst
the
Deputies
from
the
Hollanders
were
at
Boston
busied
in
Regulating
the
limits
,
the
English
fell
upon
some
Villages
belonging
to
the
States
,
and
took
them
,
publishing
at
the
same
time
,
that
they
knew
no
New
Holland
,
but
only
a
New
England
,
of
which
all
the
Country
depended
,
so
that
they
influenced
many
of
the
Inhabitants
to
take
Arms
against
the
Government
.
The
directors
of
the
West-India
Company
made
their
Complaints
of
it
,
to
their
High
and
Mightinesses
,
hoping
they
might
come
to
an
amicable
Accommodation
about
it
,
but
the
result
made
it
▪
plainly
appear
,
that
the
English
intended
nothing
less
than
Peace
.
In
the
mean
while
the
King
of
great
Britain
had
Advice
from
Vice
Admiral
Lawson
,
and
Captain
Berkley
at
Cadiz
,
that
Vice
Admiral
de
Ruiter
having
Anchored
in
the
Road
of
that
Town
,
had
taken
in
Provisions
for
a
year
,
and
that
on
the
5th
.
of
October
at
8
in
the
morning
he
weighed
Anchor
,
with
a
Squadron
of
12
great
Men
of
War
,
in
order
to
make
the
best
of
his
way
in
all
appearance
towards
the
Coasts
of
Guiney
,
tho'
he
had
given
out
that
he
was
going
to
Sally
.
And
indeed
the
suspicions
of
the
English
in
that
point
were
not
without
some
foundation
,
for
de
Ruiter
had
received
Express
Orders
from
the
States
,
to
sail
towards
Cape
Verd
and
the
Coast
of
Guiney
;
to
reduce
the
English
to
reason
,
and
make
them
restore
by
force
what
they
had
unjustly
usurpt
.
Upon
that
news
all
the
Dutch
Ships
were
stopt
in
England
,
and
Letters
of
reprisal
were
granted
;
but
all
those
Commissions
granted
in
haste
were
recalled
,
as
well
to
shew
all
Europe
,
that
they
would
not
be
Aggressors
,
as
to
gain
time
to
Compleat
the
manning
of
their
Navy
.
It
was
thought
more
proper
to
let
loose
the
men
of
War
and
Capers
upon
the
Hollanders
as
well
to
encourage
their
press'd
Seamen
,
and
to
get
men
enough
to
furnish
their
Grand
Fleet
,
as
the
more
effectually
to
interrupt
the
Commerce
of
the
United
Provinces
,
by
taking
their
Merchant
Ships
that
went
to
and
fro
in
the
Channel
.
And
because
they
knew
,
they
in
Holland
expected
about
that
time
the
return
of
their
Ships
from
France
and
the
Streights
,
they
thought
it
their
best
way
to
go
and
meet
them
,
and
to
endeavour
to
take
them
,
before
they
let
the
Privateers
go
out
,
who
in
all
likelihood
,
would
but
have
awakened
the
Hollanders
,
and
made
them
think
the
more
of
securing
themselves
.
And
this
project
succeeded
well
with
them
:
For
the
Merchant
Fleet
consisting
of
113
sail
,
having
quitted
the
Coast
of
France
,
to
pursue
their
way
home
along
the
Channel
,
was
taken
,
and
carried
into
the
Ports
of
England
.
But
amongst
so
great
a
Number
of
Merchant
Ships
,
there
being
some
Ships
belonging
to
other
Nations
,
they
were
redemanded
,
yet
all
the
rest
remained
in
their
hands
.
At
the
same
time
the
King
of
England
in
Justification
of
that
proceeding
,
publish'd
the
following
Declaration
Whitehall
December
the
16th
.
1664.
The
United
Provinces
seeing
themselves
thus
engaged
in
a
War
with
England
,
and
the
Proper
season
for
putting
out
their
Fleet
to
Sea
being
past
,
they
thought
however
,
that
at
least
they
ought
to
put
a
stop
as
much
as
't
was
possible
,
to
all
those
Hostilities
,
and
to
provide
for
the
security
of
their
Subjects
.
Accordingly
the
States
prohibited
all
their
Merchant
Ships
to
go
out
of
their
Ports
,
and
their
Seamen
to
take
service
under
any
Foreign
Prince
.
They
likewise
rigorously
prohibited
the
going
out
of
any
vessels
and
exportation
of
any
Ammunitions
,
and
generally
of
all
materials
serving
to
the
building
of
Men
of
War
,
or
furnishing
their
Equipages
.
Then
Mr.
Van
Beuningen
was
sent
to
the
Court
of
France
,
Mr.
de
Amerongen
,
into
Denmark
,
and
Mr.
Ysbrands
,
into
Swedeland
,
in
Quality
of
Ambassadors
Extraordinary
,
to
inform
the
Princes
that
were
Allies
of
the
State
of
all
that
had
lately
passed
,
because
the
English
by
a
fetch
of
their
dissembling
Policy
,
endeavoured
in
all
those
Courts
,
to
make
the
Dutch
pass
for
the
Aggressors
,
and
to
attribute
all
the
wrong
to
them
.
They
resolved
likewise
to
raise
a
fund
of
14
Millions
of
Livers
,
as
well
for
the
building
of
48
men
of
War
,
as
for
Levying
of
some
Troops
,
to
Re-inforce
their
Companies
and
their
Garrisons
,
for
the
raising
of
a
Marine
Regiment
,
and
a
new
Regiment
in
reserve
,
and
lastly
,
for
defraying
the
expences
of
the
fortifications
of
the
Brill
,
of
Helvoet
,
of
Maesland
,
of
the
Texel
,
and
of
the
other
necessities
of
the
State
.
The
East-India
Company
engaged
to
Equip
20
Men
of
War
for
the
service
of
the
United
Provinces
.
The
Zealand
Privateers
received
Letters
of
Reprisal
,
so
that
the
Capers
in
little
time
after
took
30
prizes
from
the
English
.
They
also
appointed
a
day
of
Prayer
which
was
celebrated
the
21st
.
of
January
1665
,
to
implore
the
Protection
of
Heaven
against
the
Contagion
then
Reigning
,
and
to
beg
a
Continua●ion
of
Peace
and
of
the
Prosperity
of
the
Prov
nc●
.
In
the
mean
while
the
S●●ur
de
Goch
,
used
all
imaginable
instances
with
〈◊〉
●●ng
of
England
,
to
endeavour
to
obtain
the
r●●ng
of
the
Ships
which
had
been
taken
;
But
all
in
vain
.
For
the
King
made
him
Answer
,
That
he
had
caused
to
be
arrested
in
his
Ports
;
or
to
be
taken
at
Sea
,
the
Dutch
Ships
,
upon
the
certain
Advice
he
had
,
that
de
Ruiter
was
sent
to
Guiney
,
to
interrupt
the
Commerce
of
his
Subjects
,
and
to
seize
on
their
Ships
,
and
Merchandizes
,
so
that
he
intended
to
indemnifie
him
for
all
those
losses
by
the
Confiscation
of
the
goods
that
had
been
taken
;
that
for
the
same
end
,
he
would
stop
all
Dutch
Ships
that
should
come
in
his
way
,
till
he
heard
further
news
of
de
Ruiter
,
&c.
The
Duke
of
York
also
declared
,
in
Quality
of
Lord
High
Admiral
of
the
Kingdom
,
that
he
would
go
next
spring
to
Sea
,
to
maintain
the
Honour
and
Glory
of
the
Crown
.
And
the
Court
of
England
was
just
ready
to
put
out
a
Declaration
of
War
against
the
Hollanders
;
But
that
Turner
and
Walker
two
Famous
Advocates
of
the
Court
of
Admiralty
Represented
to
the
King
,
that
if
he
declared
War
at
that
time
,
the
Ships
taken
before
the
Declaration
,
could
not
according
to
the
Law
of
Nations
,
be
confiscated
,
upon
which
,
't
was
thought
fit
to
defer
it
for
some
time
.
However
the
Dutch
Ships
were
declared
Good
Prize
on
the
6th
.
of
January
1665.
But
when
they
came
to
the
sale
of
them
,
the
Commissioners
of
the
Admiralty
were
far
from
finding
their
account
advanced
by
it
,
so
little
money
did
they
receive
from
it
because
besides
that
all
the
best
of
what
was
in
those
Ships
,
had
been
imbezell'd
,
the
charges
of
the
Admiralty
Court
amounted
to
very
considerable
sums
.
The
French
begun
likewise
to
resent
the
unsupportable
Dominion
of
the
English
at
Sea
:
For
they
pretended
to
visit
their
Ships
in
the
Channel
,
to
see
whether
they
carried
any
Dutch
Merchandizes
,
and
several
of
them
were
seized
on
that
pretence
,
and
carried
into
the
Ports
of
England
,
and
sold
according
to
their
value
before
any
Plea
could
be
put
in
for
their
release
.
About
the
end
of
the
precedent
year
,
the
English
just
as
if
War
had
been
declared
,
had
attackt
the
Convoy
of
the
Dutch
Smyrno
Fleetnear
Cadiz
,
under
the
Command
of
Commadore
Brakel
who
was
kill'd
on
that
occasion
after
he
had
signaliz'd
himself
,
as
appears
by
the
following
Letter
written
upon
that
Subject
to
the
Admiralty
of
the
College
of
Amsterdam
,
by
Captain
Van
Meeuwen
.
THe
26th
.
instant
we
unmoor'd
from
Malaga
under
the
Command
of
Commadore
Brakel
Captain
Roetening
,
and
Captain
Kuiper
of
Zealand
,
with
a
Fleet
of
about
30
Merchant
Ships
great
and
small
,
steering
our
Course
towards
Cadiz
.
When
we
were
arrived
near
Cape
Moly
3
Merchant
Ships
more
joyned
our
Flag
,
viz.
one
Dutch
one
,
and
two
Foreigners
,
we
made
all
together
towards
the
Mouth
of
the
Streights
,
and
having
past
it
on
the
28th
.
with
some
Merchant
Ships
of
our
Fleet
separated
from
us
;
the
same
night
being
arrived
within
3
miles
of
Cadiz
Bay
,
Commadore
Brakel
gave
the
signal
to
cast
anchor
;
the
next
morning
at
break
of
day
,
we
set
sail
again
,
and
some
of
our
Merchant
Ships
were
scattered
from
us
:
The
29th
.
in
the
morning
we
met
8
or
9
English
Ships
,
upon
which
Brakel
advancing
towards
their
Flag
,
saluted
it
with
some
Guns
,
but
the
English
Admiral
waiting
his
opportunity
till
Brakel
came
up
side
by
side
with
him
,
powered
in
upon
him
a
whole
Broad
side
.
When
we
saw
that
,
we
repaid
him
his
change
.
But
several
Merchant
men
,
contrary
to
the
Orders
of
their
High
and
Mightinesses
,
and
in
contempt
of
their
honour
,
and
the
Oath
of
fidelity
sworn
to
their
Country
,
basely
deserting
us
to
Retire
into
the
Road.
We
had
not
all
the
advantage
we
had
reason
to
hope
for
if
we
had
been
seconded
;
for
without
difficulty
with
the
Divine
Protection
,
the
English
would
have
been
beaten
,
whereas
on
the
contrary
to
our
great
regret
,
Commadore
Brakel
was
kill'd
,
as
also
two
others
,
and
some
wounded
in
his
Ship
which
has
received
some
shot
under
Water
,
and
we
are
now
busie
in
repairing
her
.
Captain
Roetening
has
likewise
had
2
men
kill'd
,
and
some
wounded
.
As
for
my self
,
God
be
praised
,
I
have
received
no
damage
excepting
some
shot
in
my
sails
,
and
some
of
my
Rigging
shattered
.
The
English
have
taken
2
small
Ships
.
The
Pilot
John
Roelofsz
who
was
in
the
Ship
King
Solomon
,
was
sunk
after
he
had
defended
himself
like
a
brave
Soldier
:
The
Ship
St.
Mary
,
one
of
those
we
lost
in
the
Night
,
was
taken
by
the
English
before
the
fight
,
as
she
was
retiring
into
the
Road
,
where
we
arrived
in
the
dusk
of
the
Evening
.
The
English
keep
the
bay
besieged
.
I
could
wish
I
had
received
orders
from
their
High
and
Mightinesses
,
to
unlade
some
Ships
and
take
them
into
their
Service
;
For
then
I
should
flatter
my self
with
the
hopes
,
by
the
blessing
of
God
,
to
chase
them
Quickly
out
of
the
Bay
.
This
Letter
as
well
as
another
from
Commissioner
Giisbert
T●mels
written
from
Port
St.
Mary
the
same
day
,
viz.
The
30th
.
of
December
,
agreed
together
in
all
the
Circumstances
of
that
Action
:
They
were
read
in
the
Assembly
of
the
States
General
,
who
in
Consequence
of
them
,
publish'd
on
the
24th
.
of
January
,
the
following
Declaration
.
AFter
having
maturely
examined
and
considered
the
offences
and
frequent
Acts
of
Hostility
committed
since
some
time
on
the
part
of
the
King
of
Great
Britain
,
In
pursuance
of
that
Declaration
,
Express
Orders
were
sent
to
the
Colleges
of
the
Admiralty
to
cause
all
diligence
to
be
used
in
endeavouring
to
forward
the
Equipages
of
the
Men
of
War
,
that
they
might
be
Compleated
by
the
next
spring
.
The
States
on
the
other
side
thought
fit
for
very
important
reasons
,
to
Create
three
new
Lieutenant
Generals
,
or
Admirals
over
and
above
those
that
were
already
honour'd
with
those
High
Offices
,
and
according
to
that
project
,
Vice-Admiral
Me●wisz
Rortenaar
,
was
elected
Lieutenant
Admiral
of
the
College
of
the
Admiralty
of
the
Meuse
;
Vice-Admiral
Michael
Adriansz
de
Ruiter
,
was
made
Lieutenant
Admiral
of
the
College
of
Amsterdam
;
and
Vice-Admiral
John
Cornel●us
Meppel
was
Created
Lieut●nant
Admiral
of
the
College
of
West-Fries●and
,
for
the
North.
Some
change
was
also
made
amongst
the
other
Officers
of
the
Fleet.
For
Rear-Admiral
Aart
Van
Nes
was
made
Vice
Admiral
of
the
Admiralty
of
the
Meuse
,
and
Captain
John
de
Liefde
was
made
Rear
Admiral
in
his
place
,
Rear
Admiral
Cornel●us
Tromp
was
Created
Vice
Admiral
of
the
College
of
Amsterdam
,
and
Captain
de
Wilde
substituted
in
his
place
of
Rear
Admiral
;
Keort
Siewersz
Adelaar
,
Famous
for
his
Exploits
against
the
Turks
,
and
who
afterwards
went
into
the
Service
of
the
King
of
Denmark
,
was
elected
Vice-Admiral
of
the
College
of
West-Friesland
for
the
North
,
but
he
thanked
the
States
for
the
Honour
they
intended
him
,
and
so
Rear-Admiral
Volkert
Schram
was
made
Vice-Admiral
in
his
place
;
and
Captain
Frederick
Staghouwer
had
the
Office
of
Rear-Admiral
of
the
same
College
.
The
Quality
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
of
Zealand
was
likewise
given
to
Vice
Admiral
John
Evertsz
.
But
Mr.
Opdam
Lieutenant
Admiral
of
Holland
and
West-Friesland
was
named
by
the
States
,
to
Command
in
chief
,
in
all
the
Sea
Forces
of
the
States
,
in
Quality
of
Lieutentant
Admiral
General
,
and
Lieutenant
Admiral
Kortenaar
had
order
to
take
the
place
of
Opdam
,
in
case
of
his
death
or
sickness
.
A
little
time
before
,
some
Deputies
of
the
States
had
been
sent
to
Muster
the
inhabitants
of
the
Villages
near
the
Coast
of
Holland
,
beginning
at
the
Village
,
Ter
Heide
near
the
Hague
,
and
so
on
to
the
Texel
,
and
found
their
Number
to
amount
to
36000.
In
the
mean
while
an
Ordinance
was
publish'd
,
prohibiting
all
Subjects
of
the
United
Provinces
to
stir
out
of
their
Ports
,
upon
pain
of
Confiscation
of
their
ships
and
Merchandizes
,
in
case
they
were
taken
;
And
they
likewise
prohibited
in
particular
the
exportation
of
all
sorts
of
Ammunition
and
the
going
out
of
the
ships
designed
for
the
Whale-Fishing
,
and
all
sorts
of
Fishing
about
Greenland
,
and
small
Fishing
,
and
the
importation
of
Herrings
,
and
other
salt
Fish
:
which
was
done
with
intent
thereby
to
get
up
the
more
men
to
Compleat
the
manning
out
of
the
Fleet
,
and
to
prevent
the
Dutch
ships
from
being
taken
by
the
English
.
And
for
the
Encouragement
of
the
Seamen
greater
Recompences
were
setled
than
ever
before
upon
all
such
who
should
make
themselves
Masters
of
any
English
man
of
War
,
or
of
any
of
their
Flags
.
For
to
that
effect
,
there
was
an
Ordinance
publish'd
,
dated
the
10th
.
of
March
,
by
which
it
was
promised
,
That
whatsoever
ship
of
the
States
should
in
a
General
Sea-fight
between
the
two
Fleets
or
in
any
Rencounter
,
take
any
English
ship
,
should
have
not
only
the
ship
so
taken
,
with
all
that
belonged
to
it
as
a
reward
,
but
that
over
and
above
that
,
he
that
should
take
the
chief
Admiral
ship
of
the
English
should
have
50000
Livers
Gratification
;
,
for
every
other
Admiral
ship
,
30000
Livers
;
for
every
ship
of
other
General
Officers
,
20000
Livers
;
for
every
other
ship
of
War
carrying
40
Guns
,
10000
,
and
for
every
other
ship
less
considerable
,
excepting
Yachts
,
6000
Livers
:
That
he
that
should
bring
away
the
Flag
of
the
chief
Admiral
should
have
5000
Livers
Reward
,
and
for
the
Flags
of
the
other
Admirals
,
2500
Livers
;
for
the
Flag
of
a
fore
mast
,
1250
Livers
;
for
that
of
the
mizzen
mast
,
750
Livers
and
for
the
Flag
on
the
Poop
250
Livers
.
The
Captains
of
the
Fire-Ships
that
should
burn
any
of
the
Enemies
Ships
,
were
to
have
for
each
of
them
so
burnt
the
3d.
part
of
the
Sum
promised
to
those
who
take
an
English
man
of
War
.
The
same
reward
was
Assigned
for
those
who
in
quality
of
Volunteers
,
should
set
out
Fire-Ships
for
the
Service
of
the
State
.
He
that
could
sink
or
otherwise
destroy
any
of
the
Enemies
Fire
ships
that
were
ready
to
endamage
any
of
the
States
men
of
War
,
was
to
have
6000
Livers
Gratification
,
Those
who
out
of
an
Extraordinary
affection
to
their
Country
should
furnish
out
any
man
of
War
to
join
the
Flag
of
the
States
Fleet
,
to
endeavour
the
ruine
of
the
Common
Enemy
,
were
to
receive
double
the
reward
granted
to
the
other
ships
of
the
State
,
both
for
the
English
ships
they
should
take
and
for
their
Flags
,
and
that
in
acknowledgement
of
their
Zeal
,
their
Fidelity
,
and
their
Bravery
,
There
were
also
particular
Recompences
allotted
to
those
that
should
rescue
out
of
danger
any
of
the
States
Men
of
War
that
happened
to
be
surrounded
by
the
Enemies
,
and
ready
to
be
burnt
or
sunk
,
and
to
those
who
out
of
a
General
fight
,
should
take
any
English
man
of
War
.
Besides
all
which
,
there
was
granted
to
the
Widows
and
Children
of
those
that
should
happen
to
be
killed
in
the
fight
,
double
the
sum
of
their
Husbands
or
Parents
Wages
;
It
was
likewise
Ordered
,
that
the
said
Recompences
should
be
granted
,
tho'
the
ships
that
had
merited
them
shou'd
happen
to
be
sunk
,
or
that
they
could
not
be
brought
back
into
their
Ports
.
And
to
second
,
and
raise
the
Courage
of
the
Great
Men
,
and
inspire
honour
into
the
Cowards
and
run-aways
,
it
was
decreed
,
that
those
who
should
deliver
up
any
of
the
States
men
of
War
into
the
hands
of
the
English
should
be
Condemned
in
a
Council
of
War
,
and
punish'd
with
death
,
without
distinction
,
and
without
remission
;
and
that
all
Sea-Officers
whether
General
or
Subaltern
,
who
should
quit
the
Flag
without
express
order
from
the
Admiral
,
should
also
be
punished
with
death
,
&c.
A
little
while
after
,
another
Ordinance
came
out
from
the
States
,
bearing
date
the
17th
.
of
March
,
allotting
recompences
for
those
who
should
be
disabled
,
or
maimed
in
the
Service
of
the
States
,
after
the
following
rates
,
viz.
|
|
Livers
|
|
For
the
loss
of
both
Eyes
,
|
1500
|
|
For
one
Eye
,
|
0350
|
|
For
the
loss
of
both
Arms
,
|
1500
|
|
For
the
Right
Arm
,
|
0450
|
|
For
the
Left
|
0350
|
|
For
the
loss
of
both
Hands
,
|
1200
|
|
For
the
Right
Hand
,
|
0350
|
|
For
the
Left
,
|
0300
|
|
For
the
loss
of
both
Legs
,
|
0700
|
|
For
one
Leg
,
|
0350
|
|
For
the
loss
of
both
Feet
,
|
0450
|
|
For
one
Foot
,
|
0200
|
As
for
other
lamed
Persons
,
the
College
of
the
Admiralty
reserved
to
themselves
the
care
to
allow
them
recompences
according
to
their
discretion
.
It
was
likewise
ordered
,
that
all
those
that
were
disabled
from
getting
any
thing
towards
their
subsistence
should
receive
each
a
pension
of
a
Ducatoon
per
week
,
during
the
remainder
of
their
lives
,
and
the
rest
of
the
disabled
men
,
proportionably
.
The
States
General
thought
fit
also
to
advertise
all
the
Neighbouring
powers
,
that
in
case
any
of
their
Subjects
should
be
met
at
Sea
,
armed
out
to
prey
upon
the
ships
of
the
United
Provinces
,
under
colour
of
any
Commissions
borrowed
from
the
English
,
that
if
taken
,
they
shall
be
punish'd
as
Pyrates
:
And
that
if
any
Hollanders
,
Subjects
of
the
States
should
be
found
and
taken
on
board
any
English
Privateers
,
they
should
be
punish'd
with
death
without
remission
,
and
their
Goods
confiscated
.
The
English
and
Scotch
Captains
that
had
been
several
years
in
the
States
service
in
their
Land
Forces
,
having
refused
to
take
a
new
Oath
of
Fidelity
to
them
for
fear
of
losing
their
Estates
in
their
own
Country
,
were
thankt
for
their
former
services
,
and
transported
home
in
one
of
the
States
men
of
War
.
In
the
mean
while
,
the
King
of
England
having
been
a
long
time
impatient
to
declare
War
against
the
Vnited
Provinces
,
at
last
published
his
so
long
intended
Declaration
for
that
effect
,
on
the
14/4th
of
March
,
1665.
by
his
Heralds
,
who
proclaimed
it
by
sound
of
Trumpet
in
the
great
Streets
of
West-minster
and
London
-
It
was
conceived
in
these
Terms
.
WHereas
,
Vnited
Provinces
,
upon
the
Persons
,
Goods
and
Ships
of
our
Subjects
,
to
their
great
Damage
,
which
amount
to
very
considerable
Sums
,
instead
of
receiving
the
Satisfaction
so
often
demanded
,
we
have
found
,
that
they
have
given
Order
to
de
Ruiter
,
not
only
to
quit
the
Project
formed
against
the
Corsairs
of
the
Mediterranean
,
in
Consequence
of
the
Union
that
had
been
proposed
to
us
by
the
States
General
,
but
also
to
attempt
upon
the
Liberty
of
our
Subjects
in
Africk
,
by
using
against
them
all
sorts
of
Hostility
.
After
which
,
we
gave
Orders
to
stop
all
the
Ships
belonging
to
the
Subjects
of
the
Vnited
Provinces
;
tho'
we
never
granted
any
Commissions
to
use
Reprisals
,
or
suffered
any
Proceedings
against
the
Ships
so
stopt
,
till
we
had
a
full
Assurance
,
that
de
Ruiter
had
put
in
execution
the
said
Orders
,
by
the
taking
or
several
of
our
Subjects
,
and
of
their
Ships
and
Merchandizes
.
Finding
at
present
bv
these
new
Offences
and
Attempts
,
and
by
the
Advices
we
have
received
of
their
Preparations
for
War
,
and
of
their
granting
out
Letters
of
Reprisal
against
our
Subjects
,
that
our
over-great
Indulgence
,
and
all
the
other
Remedies
employed
by
us
,
to
induce
them
to
entertain
a
true
Amity
with
us
,
have
been
ineffectual
,
seeing
they
are
resolved
by
Force
of
Arms
to
maintain
their
unjust
Attempts
;
we
therefore
have
thought
fit
,
with
the
Advice
of
our
Privy
Council
,
to
testifie
and
declare
to
the
Face
of
the
whole
Earth
,
That
the
said
States
are
the
Aggressors
,
and
ought
justly
to
be
acknowledged
such
by
all
the
World
;
so
that
our
Fleets
and
Ships
,
as
well
as
all
other
Ships
that
shall
receive
Commissions
from
our
well-beloved
Brother
the
Duke
of
York
,
Lord
High
Admiral
of
England
,
shall
have
Right
,
and
may
,
by
vertue
of
them
,
Fight
,
Take
,
and
make
themselves
Masters
of
all
the
Ships
,
Vessels
and
Effects
belonging
to
the
Subjects
or
the
Vnited
Provinces
,
or
to
them
that
shall
be
bound
for
their
Country
.
We
also
expresly
forbid
all
our
Subjects
(
as
we
likewise
advertise
all
other
Persons
,
of
what
Nation
soever
they
be
)
to
carry
or
Transport
any
Soldiers
,
Arms
,
Powder
,
Ammunition
,
or
other
contraband
Merchandizes
,
into
the
Lands
,
Countries
,
Plantations
,
or
Provinces
,
belonging
to
the
said
States
,
for
that
such
things
,
when
taken
,
shall
be
adjudged
good
Prize
.
And
further
,
we
declare
,
That
every
Ship
,
of
what
Nation
soever
it
be
,
that
shall
be
found
to
have
on
Board
her
any
Effects
,
Merchandises
,
or
any
number
of
Persons
belonging
to
the
United
Provinces
,
or
their
Subjects
,
shall
be
declared
good
Prize
,
with
her
Lading
:
Also
,
That
all
the
Effects
and
Merchandises
of
what
Nation
soever
they
be
(
whether
they
belong
to
us
or
Foreigners
,
it
matters
not
)
which
shall
be
found
in
any
Ships
belonging
to
the
States
,
or
to
any
of
their
Subjects
,
they
all
shall
be
declared
good
Prize
,
unless
the
said
Ships
be
provided
with
good
Pass-ports
,
granted
to
them
by
us
,
or
our
Dear
Brother
.
And
that
this
our
Declaration
may
be
publick
,
and
all
the
World
may
have
perfect
Knowledge
of
it
,
our
Will
and
Pleasure
is
,
That
this
present
Declaration
be
publisht
with
all
the
usual
formalities
,
as
it
ought
to
be
,
&c.
As
soon
as
this
Declaration
appeared
,
the
States
sent
Copies
of
it
into
all
the
Courts
of
Europe
;
which
they
directed
to
their
Ministers
there
,
to
present
them
to
all
the
several
Princes
and
Powers
,
and
to
make
them
take
notice
,
at
the
same
time
,
what
Losses
and
Damages
they
must
expect
from
such
a
Declaration
,
by
the
Interruption
of
their
Commerce
,
since
by
that
not
only
the
Merchandizes
,
which
should
be
found
on
Board
the
Dutch
Ships
,
were
to
be
declared
good
Prize
,
but
also
all
the
Vessels
belonging
to
them
,
if
they
were
laden
with
Dutch
Commodities
;
or
if
they
had
on
board
them
any
of
the
Subjects
of
the
Vnited
Provinces
.
The
French
,
and
those
of
Hamburg
and
Ostend
sufficiently
felt
the
Effects
of
it
,
since
many
of
them
,
tho'
they
were
going
toward
Neuter-Places
,
were
seized
and
carried
into
the
Ports
of
England
;
from
whence
they
were
not
released
till
a
long
time
after
,
and
with
much
Difficulty
,
and
after
great
Expences
.
The
War
then
being
declared
,
the
English
Navy
Royal
,
under
the
command
of
the
Duke
of
York
,
consisting
of
above
100
Sail
of
Men
of
War
,
great
and
small
,
set
sail
the
first
Day
of
May
,
and
two
Days
after
,
arrived
before
the
Texel
;
a
little
too
soon
,
and
before
it
was
well
compleat
.
The
cause
of
that
great
Precipitation
was
,
a
false
piece
of
News
sent
to
White-hall
by
the
Earl
of
Ossory
,
Son
to
the
Duke
of
Ormond
,
Vice-Roy
of
Ireland
,
That
a
certain
Bark
had
discovered
,
behind
Hitland
,
a
Fleet
of
60
Sail
,
which
they
thought
at
first
to
be
de
Ruiter's
Fleet
,
with
some
Prizes
:
but
on
the
8th
of
the
same
Month
the
English
Fleet
was
saluted
with
a
violent
Tempest
,
in
wnich
some
of
their
Ships
were
scattered
,
and
others
very
much
damnified
:
So
that
seeing
de
Ruiter
appeared
not
,
they
were
forced
to
return
back
into
their
own
Ports
,
without
having
made
any
other
Progress
than
the
taking
of
7
Ships
laden
with
Wine
,
with
another
Ship
that
served
them
for
Convoy
,
an
English
Prize
,
taken
by
the
Hollanders
near
the
Ca●ibee
Islands
,
and
a
Ship
of
Lisbon
:
But
the
Men
of
War
that
were
their
Convoy
,
being
nimble
Sailers
,
escaped
by
the
Favour
of
the
Night
.
Whilst
the
English
were
busie
in
repairing
the
Damages
done
to
their
Fleet
by
the
ill
Weather
,
the
Zealand
Fleet
,
consisting
of
31
Men
of
War
,
having
set
sail
the
22d
of
May
,
at
break
of
Day
,
joyned
that
of
Holland
,
under
the
Command
of
Lieutenant-Admiral
Opdam
.
After
which
junction
,
the
whole
Fleet
kept
on
their
Course
,
being
composed
of
103
Men
of
War
,
7
Yachts
,
11
Fire-ships
,
and
12
Galliots
,
carrying
4869
Guns
,
and
21631
Men
,
and
was
divided
into
7
Squadrons
.
The
first
was
under
the
Conduct
of
Admiral
Opdam
,
Vice-Admiral
Vander
Hulst
,
and
Rear-Admiral
de
Graaf
.
The
second
was
commanded
by
Admiral
John
Evertsz
,
Vice-Admiral
de
Liesde
,
and
Rear-Admiral
Cornelius
Evertsz
.
The
third
was
under
the
Command
of
Admiral
Kortenaar
,
Vice-Admiral
Schey
,
and
Rear-Admiral
Marceveld
.
The
fourth
was
under
the
Conduct
of
Admiral
Stellingwerf
,
Vice-Admiral
Koenders
,
and
Rear-Admiral
Bruensveld
.
The
fifth
was
under
the
Command
of
Admiral
Cornelius
Tromp
,
of
Vice-Admiral
Koeverden
,
and
of
Rear-Admiral
P.
Salomonsz
.
The
sixth
was
commanded
by
Admiral
C.
Evertsz
,
Vice-Admiral
Bankert
,
and
Rear-Admiral
Bronsaart
.
And
lastly
,
the
seventh
was
under
the
Conduct
of
Admiral
Schram
,
Vice-Admiral
Staghouwer
,
and
Rear-Admiral
Hourtuin
.
That
Fleet
,
one
of
the
finest
and
most
formidable
that
ever
appeared
on
the
Northern
Seas
,
seized
and
took
,
soon
after
,
about
20
English
Ships
;
the
News
of
which
coming
to
London
,
put
the
Merchants
almost
out
of
their
Wits
,
for
Vexation
:
Which
made
double
Care
and
Diligence
be
used
in
Pressing
of
Men
,
and
arming
out
the
English
Fleet
,
so
that
at
length
it
put
to
Sea
again
,
consisting
of
107
Men
of
War
,
and
of
14
Fire-ships
or
Advice-Yachts
,
and
was
divided
into
3
Squadrons
:
Whereof
the
first
,
under
a
Red
Flag
,
was
commanded
by
the
Duke
of
York
,
Pen
and
Lawson
.
The
second
,
being
the
White
Squadron
,
was
under
the
Conduct
of
Prince
Robert
,
Mings
,
and
Samson
.
And
the
third
,
being
the
Blue
Squadron
,
was
commanded
by
the
Earl
of
Sandwich
,
Cuttins
and
Sir
George
Ayschew
.
The
Two
Fleets
were
not
long
before
they
engaged
in
a
Battle
,
that
was
cruel
and
bloody
,
of
which
these
were
the
principal
Circumstances
.
On
the
8th
of
June
,
the
English
Fleet
,
John
Evertsz
,
Vice-Admiral
Cornelius
Tromp
,
Stellingwerf
,
Bastian
,
Senten
,
&c.
The
two
Fleets
engaged
in
streight
Lines
,
without
throwing
themselves
into
Crescents
,
and
so
reciprocally
broke
through
one
another
,
remaining
still
in
Presence
one
of
the
other
,
without
rallying
presently
to
make
a
fresh
Charge
.
The
Wind
was
West
,
and
the
English
were
towards
the
North-west
,
and
the
Dutch
to
the
South-westward
;
the
two
Fleets
broke
through
one
another
the
second
time
,
at
6
in
the
Morning
.
And
because
the
Duke
of
York's
Squadron
kept
still
the
Weather-gage
,
without
engaging
in
Fight
,
it
was
impossible
for
the
Dutch
to
win
that
Advantage
from
them
;
but
it
fared
not
in
the
like
manner
with
that
of
Prince
Robert
,
which
was
broken
through
by
the
Hollanders
.
But
the
two
Fleets
having
till
then
done
nothing
but
canonaded
one
another
afar
off
,
at
length
the
Earl
of
Sandwich
advancing
,
about
one
in
the
Afternoon
,
separated
the
Dutch
Fleet
in
two
;
and
then
the
two
Fleets
coming
to
a
closer
Fight
,
and
firing
at
one
another
very
fiercely
,
Admiral
Opdam
boarded
the
Royal
Charles
,
in
which
was
the
Duke
of
York
in
Person
;
and
those
two
Admirals
thundred
at
one
another
so
furiously
,
with
continual
Broad-sides
,
that
the
Earl
of
Falmouth
,
and
the
Lord
Muskerry
,
and
Mr.
Boyle
,
and
some
of
that
Princes
Footmen
,
were
killed
by
the
Duke
of
York's
Side
,
and
he
himself
was
slightly
wounded
in
the
Hand
,
which
was
dyed
with
the
Blood
of
Mr.
Boyle
;
and
just
then
,
as
they
were
distributing
the
Cartridges
in
Admiral
Opdam's
Powder-room
,
an
unlucky
Shot
coming
,
as
is
said
,
from
a
small
English
Ship
,
Jeremy
Smith
,
who
in
that
nick
of
Time
,
seeing
the
Duke's
Danger
,
had
unperceivedly
stole
under
the
Dutch
Admiral
's
Side
,
set
Fire
to
his
Powder
and
blew
him
up
in
a
moment
,
with
all
his
Men
,
excepting
only
5
,
about
3
in
the
Afternoon
.
Mr.
Opdam
had
not
as
yet
been
wounded
when
this
fatal
Disaster
happened
to
him
,
but
he
perished
on
that
unhappy
occasion
;
However
,
the
Hull
of
his
Ship
,
after
having
floated
some
time
,
was
towed
off
into
the
Vlie
.
This
sudden
and
unexpected
Loss
of
Admiral
Opdam
,
put
the
Hollanders
in
a
great
Consternation
,
and
extremely
raised
the
Courage
and
Hopes
of
the
English
,
and
that
so
much
the
more
because
till
then
the
Victory
seemed
to
waver
and
to
be
uncertain
for
which
Side
to
declare
.
And
that
dismal
Accident
was
soon
followed
by
a
second
;
for
3
Dutch
Men
of
War
,
viz.
the
Marsseveen
,
commanded
by
Captain
Reus
,
the
Tergoes
,
by
Captain
the
Kruining
,
and
Swanenburg
by
Captain
Kuiper
,
happened
to
be
intangled
together
so
strongly
,
and
the
two
latter
imprudently
falling
foul
upon
the
Prow
of
the
Marsseveen
,
engaged
themselves
so
fast
to
her
Fore-mast
,
that
it
was
impossible
to
part
them
,
tho'
200
of
their
Seamen
did
all
they
could
,
with
their
Axes
,
to
do
it
;
which
Disorder
being
perceived
by
the
English
,
they
resolving
not
to
lose
the
Opportunity
of
making
their
Advantage
of
it
,
immediately
detacht
away
a
Fireship
to
burn
them
,
which
accordingly
fastning
upon
the
Tergoes
and
Swanenburg
,
both
new-built
Ships
,
presently
set
them
on
Fire
,
and
the
Flames
swiftly
passing
to
the
Marsseveen
,
reduced
them
all
three
to
Ashes
:
At
which
Disaster
,
the
Seamen
leapt
all
into
the
Sea
,
and
the
Fire
soon
after
gaining
to
their
Powder
,
the
3
Ships
were
blown
up
into
the
Air.
Captain
Reus
leapt
into
a
Boat
,
but
yet
could
not
save
himself
.
In
the
mean
while
,
at
that
Spectacle
,
the
English
cry'd
out
,
You
Rogues
,
you
Fellows
,
you
must
be
killed
.
The
Master
,
George
Thomas
,
with
some
others
that
could
swim
,
saved
themselves
in
a
deserted
Boat
,
and
got
to
Scheveling
.
At
the
beginning
of
the
Fight
Tromp
,
being
seconded
by
the
Captains
Tierk
,
H●ddes
and
Swart
,
so
miserably
battered
the
English
Ship
,
called
the
Charity
,
Captain
Wilkinson
Commander
,
that
soon
after
she
became
an
easie
Prey
to
Captain
Haan
,
and
90
of
her
Seamen
,
leaping
into
a
Long-boat
,
were
afterwards
conducted
to
Harwich
.
In
the
mean
time
,
the
Duke
of
York
,
observing
that
some
Dutch
Ships
made
shew
as
if
they
had
no
great
Stomach
to
come
on
to
charge
again
,
sent
Lawson
,
with
some
English
Men
of
War
,
to
attack
them
;
but
he
found
so
much
Resistance
from
them
,
that
having
one
of
his
Knees
all
shattered
to
pieces
,
he
was
carried
to
Shore
and
died
.
Bastian
Senten
that
commanded
the
Ship
called
the
Orange
,
finding
himself
alone
among
the
Enemies
,
fought
with
all
the
Bravery
imaginable
:
For
he
had
the
Courage
to
board
the
Mountague
,
and
took
her
,
and
pulling
down
her
blue
Flag
,
he
put
up
the
Princes
Flag
in
stead
of
it
,
which
he
kept
up
above
an
Hour
,
according
to
the
faithful
Report
of
all
that
were
Spectators
of
so
bold
an
Action
:
But
the
Mountague
was
afterwards
regained
by
the
Royal
James
of
the
White
Squadron
,
where
the
Earls
of
Marlborough
and
Portland
lost
their
Lives
;
And
at
last
,
the
Orange
,
after
she
had
signalized
herself
against
Captain
Smith
that
commanded
the
Mary
,
was
burnt
and
blown
up
,
and
her
Captain
Bastian
Senten
died
of
his
Wounds
.
Admiral
John
Evertsz
stoutly
attacked
the
Ships
Speaker
and
Charles
,
that
seconded
the
Duke
of
York
,
and
did
them
very
much
damage
;
and
the
Admiralship
it self
,
commanded
by
the
Duke
of
York
,
was
very
near
being
burnt
by
a
Fireship
,
had
she
not
by
a
dextrous
and
nimble
turn
avoided
it
.
Captain
Koenders
likewise
fought
with
much
undauntedness
,
as
did
also
Stellingwerf
.
This
latter
had
his
Body
cut
off
in
the
middle
with
a
Cannon
Bullet
.
Lieutenant-Admiral
Kortenaar
said
at
the
beginning
of
the
Fight
,
Methinks
our
Admiral
falls
a
little
too
low
,
it
's
impossible
that
way
for
us
to
get
the
Weather-gage
;
and
he
falling
upon
the
Royal
Catharine
,
was
shot
above
the
Knee
with
a
Cannon-Ball
,
and
died
immediately
.
Cornelius
Evertsz
being
hard
by
,
and
hearing
of
the
Death
of
that
Admiral
,
gave
Notice
of
it
to
John
Evertsz
,
crying
out
,
that
it
belonged
to
him
now
to
put
up
the
Admiral
's
Flag
;
which
he
presently
did
;
but
having
been
in
all
the
Attacques
that
had
been
made
,
from
3
in
the
Morning
till
7
in
the
Afternoon
,
and
having
received
17
Shot
under
Water
,
had
13
Men
killed
and
40
wounded
on
Board
him
,
and
spent
14000
Pound
of
Powder
,
being
no
longer
able
to
keep
the
Sea
,
he
retired
towards
the
Meuse
,
and
some
Men
of
War
,
that
had
not
yet
fought
a
Stroke
,
were
so
basely
cowardly
as
to
follow
him
against
his
Will
:
Upon
which
,
many
in
the
Fleet
mistaking
the
Departure
of
John
Evertsz
for
a
Retreat
,
there
were
above
36
Men
of
War
more
,
of
the
finest
and
best
in
all
the
Fleet
,
that
turned
likewise
Tail
,
and
steered
away
for
the
Texel
:
Whilst
undaunted
Tromp
,
after
he
had
put
up
the
Admiral
's
Flag
,
as
thinking
John
Evertsz
was
also
killed
,
maintained
the
Fight
still
a
considerable
while
longer
:
But
however
,
that
unlucky
Rout
preceeding
,
caused
the
Loss
of
many
brave
Men
,
that
were
by
that
means
left
helpless
,
surrounded
on
all
sides
by
the
Enemies
,
and
for
want
of
Assistance
,
either
perished
or
were
made
Prisoners
.
To
all
which
Misfortunes
,
may
be
added
,
the
Mutiny
that
arose
among
the
Men
belonging
to
the
Ships
,
Helversum
,
Charles
V.
and
Nagelboom
,
&c.
who
revolting
against
their
Captains
,
basely
forced
them
to
yield
to
the
English
;
those
Ships
were
commanded
by
Allert
,
Matthysz
,
Trelon
and
Boon
,
who
had
every
where
given
sufficient
Marks
of
their
Courage
,
but
yet
were
forced
,
on
that
occasion
to
yield
to
Necessity
.
One
Captain
Jenraan
Poel
,
retired
in
the
Night
towards
Wyk
,
being
impatient
to
be
one
of
the
first
to
leave
the
Fight
,
with
one
of
the
finest
Ships
in
the
Fleet
,
called
,
the
Delfland
,
crying
out
upon
the
Coast
,
That
the
Brave
Men
were
left
behind
,
to
be
butchered
,
whilst
the
Cowards
ran
away
.
The
Night
being
come
,
and
the
English
,
being
employed
in
giving
Chace
to
some
Barks
belonging
to
the
Victuallers
of
the
Dutch
Fleet
,
those
Cowards
were
covered
and
secured
in
their
lurking-Holes
,
by
Tromp
,
who
keeping
fighting
still
against
the
Enemies
,
had
all
his
Sails
and
Rigging
shot
down
,
and
shattered
to
pieces
.
The
Nagelboom
being
come
to
an
Anchor
before
Petten
,
the
Captain
would
not
desert
her
,
tho'
she
were
left
dry
;
but
the
Seamen
running
all
away
,
wandred
begging
along
the
Coast
like
so
many
Rascals
as
they
were
,
so
that
the
English
coming
up
,
took
her
,
as
they
did
several
other
very
fine
Ships
,
that
were
lost
to
the
State
,
by
the
meer
Cowardice
of
the
Seamen
.
The
Master
of
Kortenaar's
Ship
,
Ate
Inter
Instra
,
instead
of
staying
in
the
Fight
,
basely
deserted
it
,
and
was
followed
by
a
great
many
others
,
which
yet
,
when
they
were
come
into
the
Texel
,
had
the
Confidence
to
complain
,
That
they
had
been
so
much
exposed
,
when
they
scarce
had
had
the
Patience
to
take
any
more
than
a
Glympse
of
the
Enemy
.
Only
Tromp
,
accompany'd
with
a
small
number
of
others
,
held
out
the
Fight
till
the
last
,
giving
every
where
signal
Proofs
of
his
undaunted
Courage
:
He
was
five
Times
with
Swartsz
and
Cornelius
Evertsz
engaged
in
the
midst
of
the
Enemies
,
and
furiously
battered
by
their
Guns
on
every
side
,
and
buried
,
as
't
were
under
so
thick
a
smoak
,
that
the
Seamen
in
his
Ship
,
openly
ascribed
to
a
Miracle
the
Preservation
of
his
Ship
and
Person
.
The
valiant
Tromp
writ
with
a
sensible
Displeasure
the
following
Letter
to
the
College
of
the
Admiralty
of
Amsterdam
concerning
the
unhappy
success
of
this
Battle
.
High
and
Mighty
Lords
,
MY
last
was
of
the
9th
.
of
June
,
John
Evertsz
is
also
missing
.
Lieutenant
Admiral
Kortenaar
,
and
Stellingwerf
are
dead
.
As
for
other
private
Captains
,
I
know
nothing
of
them
,
but
that
Captain
de
Haan
was
taken
by
an
English
man
of
War
of
46
Guns
.
We
saw
that
the
Ships
Marsseveen
,
Tergoes
,
and
a
Frigat
of
Amsterdam
falling
foul
one
of
another
so
entangled
themselves
together
that
they
were
burnt
,
as
were
also
some
other
Ships
.
The
English
likewise
set
fire
to
some
other
Ships
besides
,
because
as
far
as
we
could
see
,
they
were
unmasted
and
most
shrewdly
shattered
.
Postscript
.
We
have
lost
together
with
our
Ships
our
Barges
and
long
Boats
,
which
we
desire
their
High
and
Mightinesses
may
be
prayed
to
remember
.
We
have
found
in
our
Ship
44
men
wounded
,
and
18
killed
,
about
whom
I
request
their
High
and
Mihgtinesses
would
please
to
take
Order
.
The
Winning
of
this
Battle
ought
not
to
be
imputed
to
the
Bravery
of
the
English
,
since
the
greatest
part
of
the
ships
they
took
in
it
,
were
delivered
them
by
the
Rebellion
or
Cowardice
of
the
Seamen
,
who
received
in
England
the
just
reward
of
their
infidelity
by
the
miseries
they
were
made
to
suffer
there
in
the
Prisons
.
The
Action
of
85
Villains
that
surrendered
to
the
English
the
ship
Charles
the
5th
.
is
a
terrible
and
abominable
Example
of
it
.
They
were
some
Soldiers
who
in
the
night
of
the
Battle
,
joining
with
some
insolent
and
seditious
Seamen
seized
of
all
the
small
fire
Arms
,
nailed
up
the
Cannon
,
struck
their
Flag
,
spread
their
Sails
,
turned
their
Barges
and
long
Boats
a
drift
to
the
mercy
of
the
Waves
,
and
in
that
condition
waited
the
approach
of
an
English
Fregat
that
was
in
chace
of
them
,
to
which
they
Voluntarily
yielded
themselves
,
after
they
had
with
their
drawn
hangers
and
cockt
pistols
presented
to
their
breasts
forced
the
Captain
and
Officers
that
belonged
to
the
ship
,
who
would
have
opposed
them
,
to
remain
in
silence
,
under
pain
of
death
,
and
to
be
spectators
of
so
detestable
an
Action
without
during
to
speak
a
word
.
The
men
of
the
ships
Helversum
and
Nagelboom
,
as
also
some
Officers
of
the
Fleet
,
of
whom
we
shall
speak
more
amply
afterwards
,
did
the
like
without
having
any
regard
neither
to
their
honour
,
nor
to
the
allegiance
they
had
so
solemnly
sworn
to
their
Country
.
The
English
,
(
as
the
Dutch
would
have
been
in
the
same
case
,
and
as
they
affected
to
do
afterwards
,
upon
less
occasions
of
Bragging
than
this
,
)
being
proud
of
all
these
advantages
,
failed
not
to
publish
them
with
all
the
glorious
Circumstances
imaginable
.
They
Rung
the
Bells
and
made
Bonfires
every
where
,
and
put
every
thing
else
in
practice
that
might
tend
to
add
splendor
and
renown
to
the
Memory
of
so
great
a
Triumph
.
1500
Dutch
Prisoners
were
carried
to
Colchester
;
and
it
may
well
be
judged
by
so
great
a
Number
what
cruel
and
base
Cowardice
the
Captains
were
guilty
of
,
who
chose
rather
shamefully
to
leave
their
Companions
exposed
to
the
Flames
,
or
to
a
Lamentable
shipwrack
and
drowning
,
than
to
venture
to
snatch
them
from
the
devouring
Jaws
of
death
,
by
receiving
them
on
board
them
when
they
fled
,
so
that
they
must
have
perish'd
,
if
their
Enemies
had
not
taken
more
Compassion
of
them
then
their
own
unnatural
Officers
.
Amongst
those
persons
there
was
a
Woman
named
Willemite
Gerrets
a
Native
of
Embden
,
that
had
performed
the
function
of
Gunner
in
the
ship
Marsseveen
,
who
being
discovered
,
was
released
and
set
at
liberty
by
King
Charles
the
second
for
the
rarity
of
the
adventure
.
She
came
afterwards
to
the
Hague
drest
in
the
habit
of
an
English
Woman
,
where
she
recited
all
the
adventures
of
her
life
,
and
how
she
was
saved
,
and
the
pleasant
discourse
she
had
with
the
King
of
England
:
And
it
appeared
,
that
she
had
always
carried
her self
very
honestly
,
and
that
she
was
present
at
the
fierce
Battle
of
Funen
in
the
North
,
no
body
on
board
the
Marsseveen
ever
having
discovered
her
to
be
a
Woman
.
Here
follows
an
account
of
the
losses
on
both
sides
in
this
fight
.
On
the
English
side
.
-
The
Duke
of
York
Lord
High
Admiral
of
England
,
was
wounded
in
the
hand
with
the
splinters
of
the
scull
of
Mr.
Boyl
,
and
his
face
besmear'd
with
the
blood
of
the
Earl
of
Falmouth
,
the
Lord
Muskerry
,
and
several
of
his
Domestick
servants
that
were
kill'd
by
his
side
by
a
chain-shot
from
Admiral
Opdam's
ship
.
-
The
Earl
of
Portland
kill'd
.
-
The
Earl
of
Marleborough
kill'd
.
-
Rear
Admiral
Mountague
Samson
kill'd
.
-
Vice
Admiral
Lawson
;
who
feeling
himself
mortally
wounded
,
sent
word
to
the
Duke
of
York
,
that
he
was
uncapable
of
doing
any
further
service
;
who
thereupon
put
Captain
Jordan
,
afterwards
Sir
Joseph
Jordan
,
in
his
place
;
And
Lawson
being
carried
to
Greenwich
upon
the
Thames
,
died
there
.
-
Captain
Ableston
of
the
ship
Guinea
killed
.
-
Captain
Kirby
of
the
Breda
kill'd
.
-
The
ship
called
the
Charity
carrying
46
Guns
,
was
taken
by
Captain
de
Haan
,
and
brought
into
the
Texel
,
but
many
of
her
men
first
saved
themselves
,
and
the
rest
were
kill'd
before
.
-
Besides
these
,
it
was
computed
there
were
800
men
killed
on
board
the
English
Navy
,
and
a
great
number
wounded
.
On
the
Hollanders
side
,
-
Lieutenant
Admiral
General
Jacob
de
Wassenaar
Lord
Opdam
,
was
unfortunately
blown
up
by
a
shot
into
his
Powder-Room
.
-
Lieutenant
Admiral
Kortenaar
,
dead
of
his
wounds
.
Stellingwerf
shot
in
sunder
with
a
Cannon
Ball.
Schram
killed
in
the
Fight
.
-
Captain
Allert
Matthysz
of
the
Helversum
being
forced
to
yield
himself
by
his
mutinous
Seamen
that
refused
to
fight
,
was
taken
by
the
Bristol
Frigat
.
She
carried
60
Guns
.
-
The
ship
Charles
the
5th
.
commanded
by
Captain
Kuiten
shamefully
yielded
up
likewise
to
the
English
by
the
Rebellion
of
the
Seamen
.
She
carried
54
Guns
.
-
The
Delft
Commanded
by
Captain
Boshuizen
taken
by
the
Breda
.
She
carried
32
Guns
.
-
The
de
Ruiter
Yacht
,
Captain
Vogel
Commander
,
carrying
18
Guns
,
taken
by
the
Dolphin
-
The
Young
Prince
Commanded
by
Captain
Halfhoorn
,
carrying
36
Guns
,
taken
by
the
Martin
.
-
The
Mars
Captain
Kats
Commander
,
carrying
46
Guns
,
taken
by
the
Assurance
.
-
The
Nagelboom
,
Captain
Boon
Commander
,
carrying
52
Guns
,
taken
by
the
Colchester
.
-
The
Arms
of
Zealand
Commanded
by
Captain
Twineman
,
carrying
44
Guns
,
taken
by
the
Centurion
.
-
The
Swarte
Bull
,
Captain
Burger
Commander
carrying
36
Guns
,
taken
by
the
ships
Anne
and
Ruby
.
Ships
burnt
.
-
The
ship
Koeverden
of
60
Guns
,
Commanded
by
Captain
Kampen
,
burnt
by
the
ship
call'd
the
Renown
.
-
The
Prince
Maurice
,
Simon
de
Wit
Commander
,
of
50
Guns
.
-
The
Town
of
Vtretcht
Commanded
by
Oudart
of
44
Guns
.
-
The
Swanenburg
,
Captain
Kuiper
Commander
of
30
Guns
.
-
The
Tergoes
of
34
Guns
.
-
The
Marsseveen
of
78
Guns
.
-
The
Orange
of
75
Guns
,
being
hampered
all
together
were
burnt
or
sunk
.
Before
we
pass
,
any
further
,
we
will
report
here
some
remarkable
Circumstances
relating
to
this
fight
.
The
States
after
the
Battle
,
being
willing
to
provide
against
all
Events
had
sent
Orders
to
the
Fleet
to
keep
the
Sea
,
tho'
they
had
had
the
worst
,
as
well
to
support
the
Reputation
of
their
Arms
,
as
to
lessen
the
Glory
of
the
Victors
,
that
would
have
made
that
retreat
pass
for
a
total
defeat
.
And
for
that
effect
,
Mr.
Witsen
,
Vrybergen
,
and
Schrick
being
sent
to
the
Texel
,
in
Quality
of
Deputies
from
the
States
,
went
out
of
the
Port
,
and
sent
for
Vice-Admiral
Tromp
on
board
them
giving
him
Order
to
keep
the
Fleet
out
at
Sea
,
and
not
to
suffer
it
to
enter
into
any
Harbours
.
But
Tromp
being
grieved
at
the
disasters
that
had
newly
hapned
by
the
Baseness
and
Cowardice
of
the
Officers
and
Soldiers
of
the
Fleet
,
and
his
heart
being
ready
to
burst
with
indignation
at
them
,
could
not
forbear
Answering
,
the
Deputies
that
he
could
not
execute
their
orders
with
men
that
had
so
basely
deserted
him
in
time
of
danger
,
and
upon
whose
Courage
or
Fidelity
so
little
reliance
could
be
made
.
So
that
without
minding
the
Orders
of
the
Deputies
,
the
Fleet
under
the
Conduct
of
Tromp
and
Cornelius
Evertsz
entred
into
port
,
being
in
all
about
60
Men
of
War
,
of
which
the
most
part
were
but
little
endamaged
.
Admiral
Wassenaar
,
or
Opdam's
ship
,
was
,
as
we
have
said
,
blown
up
;
Kortenaar
〈…〉
but
his
ship
was
saved
.
However
,
it
w●
〈◊〉
known
yet
what
was
become
of
John
E●
〈◊〉
Stellingwerf
and
Schram
.
On
the
15th
.
of
〈◊〉
the
States
Deputies
took
a
review
of
the
ships
remaining
in
the
Texel
,
found
all
of
them
in
general
very
little
endamaged
,
and
the
most
part
in
good
condition
,
having
lost
very
few
Men
,
and
in
a
Word
,
more
afraid
than
hurt
.
The
ships
that
were
still
in
the
Texel
were
58
in
Number
,
7
that
had
staid
behind
in
the
Road
and
2
unmoor'd
that
were
put
in
before
.
They
had
advice
that
18
were
in
the
Port
of
the
Vlie
,
and
16
or
17
in
the
Meuse
,
&c.
So
that
they
found
none
were
missing
but
those
we
have
set
down
,
of
all
the
whole
Fleet.
In
the
mean
while
however
,
the
murmurings
of
the
People
that
were
ill
satisfied
at
the
success
of
the
Battle
and
the
Conduct
of
the
Generals
,
were
grown
to
an
extream
height
,
and
already
begun
to
threaten
mischievous
Consequences
.
The
first
sparks
of
them
begun
to
appear
at
the
Brill
,
where
John
Evertsz
of
Zealand
had
like
to
have
lost
his
life
.
For
being
come
with
his
Ship
into
the
Meuse
,
and
Landing
at
the
Brill
,
at
his
arrival
the
Mobb
that
judge
of
things
always
by
the
success
,
laid
all
the
blame
upon
him
,
and
imputing
to
him
a
great
part
of
all
the
misfortunes
that
had
hapned
and
accusing
him
of
Cowardice
,
threw
him
into
the
Water
,
where
he
would
certainly
have
been
drown'd
if
he
had
not
been
rescued
from
the
People
by
a
good
Number
of
Soldiers
.
But
they
stopt
not
there
,
for
that
Rascality
growing
thereupon
more
insolent
endeavoured
,
all
they
could
to
satisfie
their
unruly
passion
,
and
pusht
on
their
resentments
to
the
utmost
;
so
that
in
the
night
there
appeared
a
great
many
Boats
filled
with
Troops
of
Mutineers
and
Women
,
passing
the
Meuse
to
go
and
watch
his
coming
to
Maaslandsluis
,
where
he
was
to
come
to
go
to
the
〈◊〉
:
But
they
were
deceived
in
their
expe●●●●●●n
,
for
that
setting
out
at
2
in
the
morn●●g
he
was
conducted
under
a
good
guard
,
to
Helvoetsluis
,
and
thereby
escaped
the
danger
of
being
made
the
Bloody
Victime
of
an
enraged
people
.
Being
come
to
the
Hague
,
he
there
gave
an
account
to
the
States
,
of
his
Conduct
,
and
afterwards
appeared
before
a
Council
of
War
held
at
the
Texel
,
who
were
constrained
by
the
force
of
truth
,
highly
to
applaud
his
Bravery
and
Conduct
in
the
Battle
.
That
Council
was
composed
of
the
following
persons
,
viz.
Vice
Admiral
Tromp
,
Vice
Admiral
Cornelius
Evertsz
,
Vice
Admiral
Koenders
,
Rear
Admiral
de
Liefde
,
Rear
Admiral
Bankert
,
Rear
Admiral
Bruinsveld
,
the
Captain
and
Commander
Vander
Hulst
late
Vice
Admiral
to
Mr.
Wassenaar
or
Opdam
,
Captain
Nicholas
Marreveld
,
late
Rear
Admiral
to
Lieutenant
Admiral
Kortenaar
,
Captain
Peter
Solomon
,
late
Rear
Admiral
to
Vice
Admiral
Tromp
,
Captain
Bronser
,
late
Rear
Admiral
to
Vice
Admiral
Cornelius
Evertsz
,
Captain
de
Haan
,
Captain
Simon
Blok
,
Captain
Jacob
,
and
Andrew
Swart
.
This
Council
of
War
then
having
drawn
up
an
Indictment
against
those
Officers
of
the
Fleet
that
first
begun
to
flie
,
as
Authors
of
the
disasters
and
of
the
defeat
of
the
Fleet
they
were
condemned
,
and
accordingly
the
Captains
John
Peitersz
Onklaar
,
Anthony
Evertsz
,
De
Marre
and
Jacob
Bruining
were
shot
on
the
13th
.
of
June
in
the
Fort
of
the
Texel
,
in
view
of
all
the
people
,
and
on
the
same
day
and
in
the
same
place
,
the
Captains
William
Codde
,
Vander
Burg
,
John
Vander
Mariche
and
Apollonius
Pool
had
their
Arms
broken
at
their
Feet
by
the
Common
Hang-Man
;
and
Samuel
Huisman
and
Jacob
Vander
Kams
were
degraded
,
and
the
first
of
them
made
uncapable
of
bearing
Arms
any
more
in
the
Service
of
the
State
.
Ate
Inter
Estra
,
Mr.
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
Kortenaar's
ship
,
who
had
Cowardly
deserted
the
fight
with
the
Admirals
Flag
,
was
condemned
to
stand
with
a
halter
about
his
neck
under
the
Gallows
,
and
afterwards
to
perpetual
Banishment
.
But
if
the
States
on
the
one
side
thought
good
to
punish
Criminals
,
so
on
the
other
,
they
were
as
Zealous
to
Recompence
the
deserving
.
And
accordingly
Captain
De
Haan
that
had
fought
so
bravely
,
and
taken
the
English
Ship
called
the
Charity
,
received
10000
Livers
reward
.
The
States
likewise
were
pleased
to
honour
the
Glorious
Memory
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
Opdam
,
who
unfortunately
,
perish'd
in
the
Battle
,
by
erecting
to
him
a
Stately
Monument
in
the
great
Church
at
the
Hague
whereon
is
inscribed
the
following
Epitaph
in
Latin
.
Honori
&
Gloriae
Herois
Illustrissimi
,
&
ex
vetustissima
Nobilitatis
Batavicae
stirpe
,
per
continuam
,
&
legitimam
Successionem
prognati
,
D.
Jacobi
Dynastae
de
Wassenaer
,
Domini
de
OPDAM
,
Foederati
Belgii
Archi-Thalassi
,
&c.
Rebus
praeclare
Terra
Marique
Gestis
,
non
tantum
in
Atlantico
Oceano
,
unde
sparsa
fugataque
Lusitanorum
Classe
,
magnaque
onustus
praeda
,
Domum
rediit
,
sed
&
in
Freto
Baltico
,
ubi
pulsis
Adversariis
,
&
insigni
Parta
Victoria
,
laboranti
Daniae
succurrit
,
&
simul
Majestatem
Reipublicae
asseruit
,
&
stabilivit
,
ac
eandem
contra
Vniversam
Anglorum
Classem
cum
paucis
fortissime
dimicans
,
ac
undique
cinctus
,
ne
sic
quidem
cessit
hostibus
,
sed
magna
primo
edita
strage
incensaque
demum
Praetoria
sua
navi
Herculeo
exemplo
,
flammis
viam
sibi
ad
superos
paratam
invenit
.
Anno
Aetatis
LV.
Illustrissimi
&
Potentissimi
Foederati
Belgii
Proceres
viro
fortissimo●
optimeque
de
Republica
merito
,
Monumentum
hoc
posuere
,
Anno
Reparatae
Salutis
MDCLXVII
.
Anno
Aerae
Christianae
MDCLVII
.
Classis
Foederati
Belgii
Ductu
Dynastae
de
Wassenaer
,
prope
Ostia
Tagi
,
Naves
Lusitanicas
Brasilia
reduces
invadit
.
Anno
Aerae
Christianae
MDCLVIII
.
Foederati
Belgii
Classis
,
ductu
&
auspiciis
Dynastae
de
Wassenaer
,
Fretum
Balticum
ingreditur
,
afflictisque
Daniae
rebus
salutarem
fert
opem
,
pulsa
fugataque
post
acerrimum
conflictum
Adversariorum
Classe
.
The
Sense
of
which
in
English
is
thus
.
To
the
Honour
and
Renown
of
the
most
illustrious
,
descended
from
a
most
ancient
Stock
of
the
Nobility
of
Holland
,
by
a
continued
and
lawful
Succession
,
Jacob
Baron
of
Wassenaer
,
Lord
of
OPDAM
,
Admiral
of
the
Vnited
Provinces
,
&c.
who
after
many
brave
Exploits
both
by
Sea
and
Land
,
not
only
in
the
Atlantick
Ocean
,
wherein
having
scattered
and
put
to
flight
the
Portuguese
Fleet
,
he
returned
home
laden
with
rich
Spoils
,
but
likewise
in
the
Strait
of
the
Baltick
Sea
;
where
after
he
had
repulsed
the
Enemies
,
and
gained
a
glorious
Victory
over
them
,
he
succoured
distressed
Denmark
,
and
at
the
same
time
asserted
and
securely
established
the
Majesty
of
the
Common-wealth
,
and
at
last
,
after
having
fought
most
valiantly
with
but
few
Ships
,
against
the
whole
Navy
of
England
,
and
being
by
them
surrounded
on
all
sides
,
yet
even
then
did
not
flinch
from
his
Enemies
,
but
after
having
made
great
Slaughter
among
them
,
and
his
Admiral
Ship
taking
Fire
,
Hercules-like
,
by
the
Flames
found
a
way
prepared
for
him
to
the
Coelestial
Heroes
,
in
the
55th
Year
of
his
Age.
The
most
Illustrious
and
Potent
Lords
,
the
States
of
the
United
Provinces
,
have
erected
this
Monument
,
as
to
a
most
valiant
Man
that
has
highly
well
deserved
of
the
Commonwealth
,
in
the
Year
of
our
Lord
1667.
In
the
Year
of
our
Lord
1657.
the
Fleet
of
the
United
Provinces
,
under
the
Conduct
of
the
Baron
of
Wassenaer
,
defeated
the
Portuguese
Fleet
,
near
the
Mouth
of
the
Tagus
,
that
was
coming
home
from
Brasil
.
In
the
Year
of
our
Lord
1658.
the
Fleet
of
the
United
Provinces
,
under
the
auspicious
Conduct
of
the
Baron
of
Wassenaer
,
entred
into
the
Sound
,
and
carried
salutary
Assistance
to
the
desperate
condition
of
expiring
Denmark
,
after
having
in
a
most
furious
Fight
repulsed
and
put
to
Flight
the
Enemies
Fleet.
Great
Honours
were
likewise
paid
to
the
Memory
of
Admiral
Kortenaar
,
whose
Tomb
is
to
be
seen
at
Rotterdam
,
with
the
following
Epitaph
in
Dutch.
Ter
erre
van
den
onvergeliikeliiken
Held
Egbert
Bartholomeusz
Kortenaar
Admiral
.
Hebben
d'Ed
Mognede
Heeren
des
Admiralteit
de
Maas
dit
Gedenkreken
van
ziin
dapperheld
en
roemruchtige
dooddoen
stellen
.
Egbert
Bartholomew
Kortenaar
Admiral
.
Their
High
and
Mightinesses
of
the
Admiralty
of
the
Meuse
have
caused
this
Monument
to
be
erected
to
the
eternal
Memory
of
his
Great
Courage
and
Glorious
Death
.
The
Hero
of
the
Meuse
,
after
he
had
lost
one
Eye
and
his
Right
Hand
,
yet
however
continues
to
Govern
the
Fleet
by
his
good
Conduct
,
and
to
support
his
Country
with
his
valiant
Arm
;
The
Great
Kortenaar
,
the
Terror
of
the
Enemies
Fleet
,
he
that
opened
the
Sound
,
Rests
inclosed
in
this
Tomb.
A
little
while
after
the
Criminals
had
been
so
punisht
,
and
the
merit
and
valour
of
those
that
had
signalized
themselves
been
rewarded
,
viz.
on
the
23d
of
July
,
Vice
Admiral
Tromp
was
elected
Lieutenant
Admiral
of
the
College
of
the
Admiralty
of
the
Meuse
,
in
the
place
of
the
Deceased
Kortenaar
in
acknowledgment
of
the
eminent
Bravery
he
had
shewn
in
the
last
Battel
.
His
advancement
to
that
Office
,
rekindled
a
fresh
the
before
damped
zeal
of
the
Seamen
who
testified
an
extraordinary
joy
at
it
,
by
reason
of
the
extreme
affection
they
bore
him
,
which
equall'd
that
they
always
had
for
his
Father
.
In
the
mean
while
,
the
States
being
intent
upon
consulting
the
means
how
to
repair
the
ill
success
of
their
Arms
,
by
new
Forces
,
gave
orders
for
working
with
all
possible
diligence
in
all
the
Provinces
near
the
Sea
,
to
fit
up
the
Fleet
again
,
and
put
it
in
a
good
Condition
,
and
that
so
much
the
more
prestingly
,
because
they
knew
the
English
Fleet
was
crusing
in
the
Channel
,
to
watch
for
de
Ruiter's
return
,
which
was
daily
expected
.
After
the
Death
of
Mr.
Opdam
,
they
were
much
puzled
about
the
choice
of
a
person
fit
to
be
intrusted
with
the
chief
Command
of
their
Fleet.
Many
of
them
cast
their
Eyes
upon
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
,
but
the
obstinacy
he
had
shewn
against
the
Orders
of
the
Deputies
,
when
instead
of
keeping
the
Fleet
out
at
Sea
after
the
defeat
,
as
they
had
Commanded
,
he
made
it
go
into
the
Texel
,
gave
grounds
for
some
misunderstanding
,
and
caused
a
great
many
murmurings
to
arise
,
to
the
disadvantage
of
his
reputation
.
Yet
on
the
other
side
,
they
put
great
confidence
in
his
undaunted
Courage
,
and
in
the
singular
affection
the
Seamen
had
for
him
;
but
those
good
thoughts
were
again
over
balanced
by
the
suspicions
some
predominant
Members
of
the
States
of
Holland
then
ha●
conceived
of
his
Conduct
,
because
that
being
passionately
devoted
to
the
interest
of
the
then
ungratefully
contemned
Prince
of
Orange
,
then
excluded
from
all
great
Employments
,
those
Insolent
and
Ambitious
States-men
were
afraid
the
inclination
he
had
for
that
Prince
,
might
over-sway
him
against
that
Obedience
he
owed
to
those
Masters
who
he
knew
had
usurped
from
him
his
Rights
.
But
however
,
the
most
judicious
among
them
contested
against
all
those
seeming
specious
reasons
,
with
more
solid
proofs
drawn
from
his
incomparable
great
Worth
and
Merit
,
not
sticking
to
say
without
bogling
,
that
they
could
not
well
chuse
another
to
that
high
Preferment
without
doing
him
injustice
.
At
length
after
many
debates
and
contrary
Opinions
thereupon
,
they
resolved
by
common
consent
to
confer
upon
him
that
great
Employment
,
De
Wit
Pensionary
of
Holland
and
West-Friesland
,
that
noted
enemy
to
the
Orangian
Family
,
and
Mr.
Borreel
,
Burger
Master
of
Middleburg
.
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
being
thus
promoted
to
the
chief
Command
of
the
Fleet
,
applied
himself
with
all
imaginable
care
to
fill
up
with
all
speed
the
Compliment
of
Sea-men
needful
for
the
effectual
manning
out
the
Fleet
,
that
it
might
be
ready
to
put
to
Sea
again
assoon
as
possible
.
But
when
all
things
were
just
ready
,
and
Tromp
was
already
on
Board
his
Ship
called
the
Amity
,
with
the
Deputies
of
the
States
appointed
to
attend
him
,
de
Ruiter
was
arrived
at
Eems
,
which
occasioned
a
change
in
all
the
Resolutions
that
had
been
taken
.
De
Ruiter
gave
notice
of
his
arrival
to
the
States
,
by
the
following
Letter
,
High
and
Mighty
Lords
,
5
English
Prizes
whereof
3
are
laden
most
with
Sugar
,
and
the
other
2
are
empty
,
one
of
which
served
us
for
a
Fire-Ship
in
our
way
.
A
Merchant
Ship
likewise
came
from
the
Caribee
Islands
,
which
retired
under
our
Convoy
,
&c.
July
the
19th
.
we
approached
towards
the
Isles
of
Fero
,
to
get
intelligence
of
the
English
,
but
no
body
could
tell
us
any
News
of
them
,
the
21
we
past
to
the
East-ward
of
Hitland
;
on
the
22d
.
in
the
afternoon
,
a
Galliot
of
Huisd●n
came
and
joyned
us
,
who
reported
to
us
the
unfortunate
success
of
the
late
Battle
fought
between
the
two
Fleets
,
&c.
On
the
23d
.
we
came
near
Bergen
,
where
we
received
a
Confirmation
of
what
had
been
related
to
us
.
We
pursued
our
way
all
along
by
the
Coast
of
Norway
,
making
all
the
sail
we
could
,
and
on
the
6th
.
of
August
we
came
into
the
West-ward
of
Eems
,
upon
Advice
that
the
English
Fleet
kept
near
the
Coasts
of
Holland
,
being
by
our
inequality
in
strength
obliged
to
avoid
them
.
And
besides
we
had
hardly
10
days
Provision
left
,
nay
,
some
of
our
Ships
had
not
for
above
5
,
and
what
is
more
they
were
leaky
,
and
the
most
of
them
much
endamaged
.
Captain
Sweers
has
lost
his
Mizzen-mast
and
Bolt-sprit
;
the
Ships
of
the
Captains
Pomp
and
de
Hoen
,
leak
on
every
side
,
so
that
they
were
by
necessity
constrained
to
cut
down
their
Fore-masts
,
and
their
Prows
;
neither
is
Rear-Admiral
Haakwants
Ship
in
any
better
Condition
.
In
fine
,
we
praise
God
for
bringing
us
home
in
sa●ety
.
We
have
brought
Prisoners
with
us
,
the
Governour
of
the
Castle
Cormantine
Francis
Sullevin
,
and
desire
their
High
and
Mightinesses
to
be
pleased
to
prescribe
us
an
Order
how
to
deal
with
him
.
We
took
15
Ships
in
the
West-Indies
,
of
which
the
most
part
were
burnt
.
We
found
only
7
Ships
in
Newfoundland
,
which
we
took
on
the
16th
.
and
17th
,
of
June
,
3
of
which
were
burnt
,
and
3
more
were
given
back
to
the
Enemies
,
to
serve
to
transport
home
150
of
them
that
were
our
Prisoners
,
whom
we
released
to
be
Conducted
into
Old
or
New
England
.
We
unmoor'd
on
the
19●h
.
from
St.
John's
Bay
in
Newfoundland
,
bringing
off
with
us
an
English
Frigat
of
18
Guns
,
which
I
took
my self
.
I
will
stay
near
the
Fleet
till
further
.
Order
,
hoping
to
receive
it
quickly
,
that
we
may
be
able
all
of
us
together
to
Regulate
our selves
according
to
it
.
The
particulars
,
and
more
remarkable
Circumstances
of
de
Ruiter
s
Voyage
into
Guiney
and
to
the
West-Indies
,
may
be
more
fully
seen
in
the
following
Relation
.
A
particular
Account
and
Relat●on
of
de
Ruiter's
Voyage
into
Guiney
and
the
West-Indies
,
in
a
Letter
to
a
Person
of
Note
.
SIR
,
I
Find
my self
indispensably
engaged
to
inform
you
of
the
principal
Events
of
this
Voyage
,
which
was
begun
on
the
1st
.
of
October
in
the
year
1664.
At
which
time
de
Ruiter
,
having
received
the
necessary
Orders
for
that
effect
,
from
their
High
and
Mightinesses
,
summoned
on
board
all
his
Captains
,
and
gave
them
notice
to
furnish
themselves
with
all
necessary
Provisions
for
their
Men
;
after
which
,
the
Fleet
being
composed
of
12
Men
of
War
,
namely
6
of
A●sterdam
under
the
Command
of
de
Ru●ter
himself
,
and
6
others
under
the
Command
of
Vice
Admiral
M●pp●l●n
,
unmoor'd
from
Cadiz
,
and
past
before
an
English
Squadron
of
Men
of
War
,
that
was
riding
before
a
little
Town
called
Rot●
.
About
Evening
,
turning
about
to
the
South-South-West-ward
we
pursued
our
way
.
On
the
16th
.
de
Ruiter
ordered
every
Ship
to
provide
two
scaling
Ladders
ready
to
mount
to
the
Assault
with
;
and
at
the
same
time
we
were
informed
,
that
we
were
going
towards
an
Isle
called
Goede-ree
,
which
the
English
had
surprised
from
the
Hollanders
some
Months
before
.
Upon
which
we
all
testified
a
great
deal
of
Alacrity
and
Resolution
to
go
upon
that
enterp
i●e
.
We
arrived
there
on
the
22d
.
of
the
same
Month
,
and
sound
there
9
English
Ships
,
viz
,
7
Merchant
men
,
1
of
the
King's
Frigats
,
and
1
small
Yacht
,
that
was
employed
to
carry
the
Merchandizes
and
Effects
of
the
English
from
one
place
to
another
.
At
our
arrival
,
the
Fort
and
Castle
had
put
up
the
English
African
Companies
Colours
.
The
English
Ships
perceiving
we
were
coming
to
attack
them
presently
yielded
at
discretion
.
After
which
Command
was
given
to
the
Kings
Frigat
,
to
unmoor
,
and
retire
,
which
she
immediat●ly
did
.
Then
the
other
Ships
Crews
,
gave
Oath
that
they
were
freighted
for
the
English
Company
.
Upon
which
,
the
Merchandizes
and
Effects
were
seized
,
and
removed
into
our
Ships
:
They
consisted
of
divers
Stuffs
,
Muskets
,
Forked
Irons
,
Knives
,
Cloths
and
several
Bales
of
Cotton
.
The
Ships
were
released
,
but
the
Effects
were
declared
good
prize
,
as
belonging
to
the
English
Company
.
When
those
in
the
Fort
and
Castle
saw
what
passed
they
sent
out
a
Barge
with
a
White
Flag
,
to
de
Ru●ter's
side
,
and
surrendred
immediately
,
to
save
their
lives
and
goods
.
Upon
which
the
Troops
on
board
our
Squadron
were
sent
on
shore
with
Banners
displaved
,
who
took
possession
of
the
Fort
and
Castle
and
put
up
there
the
Princes
Colours
.
The
English
Governour
with
his
men
were
conducted
into
one
of
the
Ships
,
and
ordered
to
retire
where
he
best
pleas●d
.
We
were
extreamly
surprized
when
we
found
in
the
Castle
9
pieces
of
Cannon
,
and
4
Granado
Mortars
,
and
in
the
Fort
12
pieces
,
with
a
Garrison
of
150
men
,
and
sufficient
store
of
Ammunition
and
Provision
,
and
that
yet
notwithstanding
all
these
advantages
they
had
surrendered
without
resistance
.
After
the
retreat
of
the
English
,
we
made
a
detachment
of
10
Soldiers
and
2
Seamen
out
of
every
Ship
,
making
in
all
136
men
,
with
the
Officers
,
whom
we
left
in
the
Country
to
secure
it
;
And
then
we
weighed
Anchor
and
sailed
away
for
Sierra
Liona
,
where
we
arrived
the
4th
.
of
December
.
We
perceived
in
that
place
a
horrible
Comet
having
the
body
turn'd
to
the
East-South-East-ward
,
and
the
tail
towards
the
North-North-West
.
We
discover'd
there
a
Lodgment
which
the
English
had
made
defended
by
2
pieces
of
Brass
Cannon
,
and
2
of
Iron
,
which
we
took
;
after
we
had
ruined
the
Lodgment
.
We
found
there
a
good
quantity
of
Elephants
Teeth
,
and
Forked
bars
of
Iron
,
a
great
many
other
things
,
and
likewise
a
Dutch
Man
,
and
2
Children
that
were
Prisoners
there
,
whom
we
set
at
liberty
;
and
after
having
watered
there
,
and
supplied
our selves
with
Limons
,
and
other
refreshments
,
Vice-Admiral
de
Ruiter
fired
the
parting
Gun
,
and
sailed
away
,
steering
to
the
South-West-ward
.
On
the
5th
.
of
January
1665
,
we
came
to
an
Anchor
before
Tacorary
,
and
the
Castle
of
Witsen
,
which
the
English
had
likewise
seized
from
us
,
and
summoned
them
by
a
Letter
to
surrender
:
But
upon
their
refusal
some
of
our
Ships
approach'd
,
and
fired
upon
the
Castle
,
which
did
the
same
upon
the
Hollanders
.
At
the
●ame
time
without
delay
,
we
Landed
against
them
all
the
Soldiers
in
our
Fleet
,
who
at
first
met
with
a
great
deal
of
Resistance
from
the
Negroes
,
who
killed
and
wounded
many
of
them
,
out
they
betaking
themselves
to
flight
soon
after
the
descent
,
our
men
set
fire
to
their
Lodges
.
The
English
upon
that
defeat
put
up
a
White
Flag
and
demanded
quater
;
after
which
they
yielded
up
the
Castle
,
where
we
found
24
Men
in
Garrison
,
and
7
pieces
of
Cannon
.
A
litle
while
after
,
discovering
an
English
Ship
at
Sea
,
de
Ruiter
Ordered
her
to
be
attackt
,
and
after
an
hours
fight
,
she
was
taken
.
She
proved
a
Ship
caring
33
Guns
,
and
50
Men
,
called
the
Victory
.
The
next
day
we
blew
up
the
Castle
of
Witsen
,
and
set
sail
again
towards
the
Castle
of
Soma
belonging
to
the
Dutch
West-India
Company
,
which
saluted
our
Vice-Admiral
with
some
Guns
.
The
7th
.
of
January
1665
,
our
Squadron
Anchored
in
6
Fathom
Water
before
the
Castle
del
Mina
,
where
Mr.
Valkenburg
Commanded
,
who
likewise
saluted
us
with
some
Guns
.
We
there
unladed
all
the
Booty
we
had
made
in
the
Isle
of
Goede-ree
,
of
which
that
Garrison
stood
in
Great
need
,
having
of
a
long
time
received
no
supply
,
nor
having
any
hopes
to
receive
any
.
On
the
9th
.
of
the
same
month
,
we
discovered
another
Ship
at
Sea
,
which
was
attackt
and
brought
the
same
day
into
the
Fleet.
She
proved
to
be
an
English
ship
of
20
Guns
,
and
40
Men
,
call'd
the
St.
Martha
;
which
after
we
had
unladen
,
we
converted
into
a
Fire-ship
for
the
Service
of
the
Fleet
upon
occasion
.
In
that
place
we
separated
our selves
for
some
days
,
as
well
to
go
and
take
in
fresh
Water
,
as
to
unlade
our
ships
.
On
the
10th
.
we
received
Letters
from
the
States
,
with
orders
to
destroy
all
the
English
ships
we
could
find
on
the
Coasts
of
Guiney
and
of
the
West-Indies
.
On
the
6th
.
of
February
,
we
weighed
Anchor
,
and
set
sail
toward
Cormantine
,
possessed
by
the
English
,
and
situated
some
miles
from
the
Castle
del
Mina
.
After
noon
,
we
past
by
a
place
belonging
to
the
English
called
Cabo
Corso
,
and
near
a
Danish
Castle
,
as
far
a
as
place
called
then
Morea
,
but
formerly
Nassaw
,
of
which
the
Dutch
are
in
possession
,
whither
after
de
Ruiter
had
sent
a
Letter
,
we
continued
our
Course
,
and
soon
after
past
by
the
Fort
Anamabo
,
and
towards
evening
came
to
an
Anchor
between
Adia
and
Cormantine
which
are
two
places
possest
by
the
English
.
There
we
found
an
English
Ship
which
upon
sight
of
us
,
made
towards
the
shore
,
and
all
her
men
deserting
her
,
retired
into
the
Castle
.
The
next
day
,
500
Negroes
,
of
the
Castle
Morea
and
del
M●na
,
came
on
board
Vice-Admiral
de
Ru●ter
in
their
Canoes
,
well
provided
with
Axes
,
Fire-Arms
,
and
Colours
after
the
Indian-Mode
.
Upon
which
all
our
long
Boats
and
Barges
were
manned
out
with
Soldiers
and
Seamen
,
and
Scaling
Ladders
were
prepared
for
an
Assault
.
Captain
Vander
Zaan
Commanded
the
Seamen
and
Count
Hoorn
,
the
Soldiers
.
And
so
they
Landed
their
Men
in
good
order
,
to
attack
the
Castle
of
Cormantine
.
As
soon
as
we
were
Landed
the
English
blew
up
the
Castle
of
Anamabo
,
which
encouraged
us
extreamly
;
But
alas
,
those
happy
beginings
had
not
the
same
successes
afterwards
;
For
at
our
approach
to
Adia
,
the
English
on
the
one
side
,
and
the
Negroes
on
the
other
,
that
in
great
Numbers
appeared
on
the
Coast
,
charged
us
so
vigorously
from
their
Lodges
and
Retrenchments
,
by
continually
firing
upon
us
both
with
great
and
small
shot
,
whilst
on
the
other
side
,
the
Castle
likewise
thundred
upon
us
with
their
Cannon
that
many
of
our
Indians
Canoes
were
sunk
thereby
,
and
we
forced
to
retreat
with
loss
back
to
our
Ships
:
That
day
we
made
no
other
attack
,
but
obliged
our
Negroes
to
retire
on
board
with
us
,
with
design
the
next
day
to
make
a
fresh
Assault
,
as
we
did
with
more
success
.
For
in
the
Night
some
of
the
principal
of
the
English
Negroes
came
on
board
Admiral
de
Ruiter
,
promising
him
to
let
us
Land
without
opposition
.
In
answer
to
which
welcome
proffer
we
made
them
a
present
of
a
Tun
of
Brandy
,
and
some
glasses
such
as
the
Negroes
use
;
after
which
,
they
retired
.
De
Ruiter
observing
the
good
disposition
they
were
in
towards
us
,
Resolved
to
make
his
best
advantage
of
it
,
and
accordingly
without
losing
time
,
ordered
a
second
descent
to
be
made
.
Our
Whites
inclusively
with
their
Officers
were
750
Men
,
and
our
Blacks
500.
The
Negroes
that
held
intelligence
with
us
put
up
the
Princes
Colours
upon
the
Ruines
of
the
Castle
of
Anamabo
which
had
been
blown
up
a
little
before
,
so
that
we
Landed
without
any
resistance
from
the
Negroes
,
but
yet
not
without
a
great
deal
of
danger
by
reason
of
the
Roughness
of
the
Sea
.
About
noon
we
began
to
come
near
the
Castle
of
Cormantine
,
whilst
some
of
our
Ships
getting
in
a
line
under
the
Castle
as
near
it
as
possibly
they
could
,
play'd
hotly
upon
it
with
their
Guns
,
and
battered
it
to
ruin
with
much
success
.
In
the
mean
while
our
men
marching
up
in
a
close
body
to
the
Negroes
that
held
still
for
the
English
put
them
to
the
Rout
,
and
forced
them
to
Retire
back
towards
their
Commander
named
John
Gabia
,
who
having
raised
a
Battery
of
3
great
Guns
upon
a
hill
,
galled
us
extreamly
;
But
our
Troops
despising
that
danger
forced
them
at
length
to
retire
and
leave
their
Cannon
behind
them
,
and
advanced
just
under
the
Castle
.
Our
Negroes
likewise
fought
with
much
bravery
,
set
fire
on
the
English
Negroes
Lodges
,
and
cut
off
the
heads
of
as
many
of
them
as
they
could
catch
,
and
carried
them
away
with
them
,
leaving
their
Bodies
in
the
Field
of
Battle
,
because
we
had
promised
them
a
fixt
Reward
for
every
Head
;
but
several
of
our
Negroes
were
likewise
killed
and
wounded
.
As
soon
as
they
in
the
Castle
perceived
what
Progress
we
had
made
,
they
put
up
a
white
Flag
,
and
demanded
Quarter
,
so
that
we
made
our selves
Masters
of
it
with
little
Loss
.
It
was
defended
with
32
Pieces
of
Cannon
,
and
a
Garrison
of
52
Men.
The
General
of
the
Negroes
,
above-mentioned
,
having
several
times
solicited
the
Governour
to
blow
up
the
Castle
,
and
being
refused
,
was
so
enraged
at
it
,
that
he
cut
two
of
his
Childrens
,
and
two
of
his
Nephews
Throats
,
and
then
stabbing
himself
several
times
into
the
Throat
and
Belly
,
he
threw
himself
down
from
the
Walls
of
the
Castle
,
which
not
killing
him
out-right
,
he
crept
behind
a
Rock
,
and
was
there
found
dead
.
We
gave
Quarter
to
the
English
:
After
which
,
our
Officers
placed
good
Guards
every
where
,
and
the
better
to
prevent
any
Insolences
that
might
happen
from
the
Soldiers
,
they
forbad
them
all
sorts
of
strong
Drink
.
But
the
next
Day
,
as
our
Barges
drew
near
the
Shore
,
to
take
in
our
Men
,
an
infinite
Number
of
Negroes
flockt
together
,
from
all
pa●ts
about
the
Castle
,
and
flew
fiercely
upon
all
that
offered
to
stir
out
of
it
,
cutting
off
the
Heads
of
all
that
resisted
them
,
without
any
further
Ceremony
;
so
that
we
lost
more
Men
that
way
than
we
had
done
in
the
Assault
.
But
our
Men
thereupon
firing
the
Castle
Guns
upon
them
,
killed
and
wounded
a
great
many
Negroes
,
and
put
the
rest
to
Flight
;
which
so
terrified
them
,
that
a
little
while
after
,
the
General
of
the
Negroes
appeared
before
the
Castle
,
with
a
white
Flag
,
demanding
Peace
,
and
free
Commerce
,
which
being
granted
them
,
they
retired
.
And
then
all
our
Men
,
but
what
were
to
be
left
in
Garrison
,
returned
again
on
Board
the
Fleet.
One
Samuel
Smith
,
of
Gravenweert
,
a
native
of
Guelderland
,
and
Merchant
of
Morea
,
was
chosen
Governour
of
the
new-taken
Castle
.
And
then
,
in
mark
of
our
Victory
,
all
the
Guns
were
discharged
both
from
the
Castle
and
the
Men
of
War
.
On
the
12th
of
February
we
unmoored
from
thence
,
and
on
the
13th
came
to
an
Anchor
before
the
Castle
del
Mina
;
where
we
were
well
received
;
so
that
after
we
had
set
all
things
in
order
there
,
put
on
Board
the
Chests
of
Gold
,
and
taken
in
a
Provision
of
fresh
Water
,
we
set
sail
the
27th
of
February
,
1665.
tacking
about
to
the
South-ward
.
On
the
8th
of
March
we
passed
the
Equinoctial
Line
,
and
on
the
third
of
April
,
in
the
Morning
,
the
Wind
being
risen
higher
,
we
repassed
it
again
.
On
the
6th
of
the
same
Month
Captain
Byland
died
▪
and
the
next
Day
his
Body
was
committed
to
the
Deep
,
in
the
Latitude
of
1
degree
and
4
minutes
.
On
the
30th
of
April
,
about
Noon
,
we
arrived
before
the
Island
of
the
Barbados
,
where
we
found
40
English
,
which
we
forced
ashore
,
after
some
Hours
firing
upon
them
.
We
likewise
fired
so
hotly
upon
the
Castle
,
that
we
beat
down
the
Walls
,
and
forced
the
English
to
run
away
in
Troops
.
However
,
the
Seamen
belonging
to
the
English
Ships
,
making
at
first
some
Resistance
,
we
had
some
Men
killed
and
wounded
on
our
side
;
but
when
we
made
up
towards
them
,
to
grapple
them
,
we
had
like
to
have
run
aground
,
which
obliged
us
to
sheer
off
further
from
the
Coast
,
and
then
we
cast
Anchor
;
yet
we
continued
to
fire
without
Interruption
,
upon
them
,
till
we
shattered
them
all
to
pieces
.
From
thence
we
sailed
away
to
Martinico
,
where
we
buried
our
dead
Men
:
And
after
we
had
paid
those
last
Honours
to
them
,
we
set
sail
again
,
and
took
divers
Prizes
in
the
Islands
of
Montferrat
,
Nevis
,
and
Guadaloupe
;
forcing
them
every
where
to
flie
under
the
Shelter
of
their
Castles
.
Some
we
burnt
,
and
some
we
sold
at
S.
Martins
and
S.
Christophers
Islands
,
and
the
rest
,
that
sailed
well
,
we
carried
home
with
us
.
The
15th
of
June
we
arrived
before
Newfoundland
,
where
we
took
8
Prizes
more
,
seizing
on
their
Merchandises
and
Effects
,
but
burning
the
Ships
.
We
found
there
abundance
of
Salt
Cod
,
and
some
English
Bread
;
which
came
very
opportunely
to
us
.
And
then
unmooring
,
we
set
sail
again
.
On
the
9th
of
July
we
coasted
along
the
Isles
of
Fero
,
and
on
the
23d
we
arrived
in
the
Country
of
Bergen
in
Norway
;
where
,
by
a
Galliot
that
was
cruising
there
to
wait
for
the
homeward-bound
East-India
Ships
,
we
were
informed
of
the
unfortunate
Death
of
Admiral
Opdam
,
blown
up
by
a
fatal
Accident
,
and
of
the
Defeat
of
the
Dutch
Fleet
,
by
the
shameful
Flight
and
Cowardice
of
several
Captains
;
upon
which
de
Ruiter
gave
order
to
every
Officer
in
his
Squadron
,
to
make
the
best
of
their
way
back
into
their
own
Country
,
with
all
the
sail
they
could
.
But
the
Calmness
of
the
Weather
,
or
contrary
Winds
,
forced
us
to
luff
.
In
our
way
,
from
time
to
time
,
we
spoke
with
some
Barks
,
who
informed
us
;
That
the
English
Fleet
,
being
80
Sail
strong
,
was
cruising
before
our
Coasts
;
but
we
thank
God
,
for
having
made
us
take
Care
to
avoid
them
,
since
we
were
in
no
condition
to
have
resisted
them
,
altho'
we
would
not
have
failed
to
do
our
utmost
to
have
done
it
.
On
the
6th
of
August
,
1665.
we
arrived
with
a
contrary
Wind
,
to
the
westward
of
Eems
,
before
Delfzyl
;
where
we
lie
expecting
fresh
Orders
.
A
List
of
the
Prizes
taken
,
and
of
the
Conquests
made
by
Lieutenant
Admiral
de
Ruiter's
Fleet
,
about
the
Coasts
of
Guiney
,
and
elswhere
.
-
Three
Ships
laden
with
Sugar
,
and
two
empty
ones
;
five
in
the
West-Indies
,
most
of
which
were
burnt
,
and
three
sent
back
again
with
two
hundred
and
fifty
English
Prisoners
,
that
were
set
at
Liberty
.
-
A
Frigat
of
18
Guns
,
taken
in
S.
John's
Bay
.
-
Francis
Stillevin
,
or
Sullevin
,
General
of
Cormantine
,
made
Prisoner
.
-
Two
Castles
in
Guiney
taken
,
and
afterwards
blown
up
.
-
Several
Merchandises
and
Effects
taken
about
Cape
Verd
,
or
in
other
Places
,
and
among
other
things
16000
l
of
Elephants
Teeth
,
The
News
of
de
Ruiter's
being
come
home
,
was
brought
to
the
Texel
in
the
Night
between
the
7th
and
8th
of
August
.
And
Pensionary
de
Wit
writ
to
him
the
very
same
Night
,
as
soon
as
ever
he
had
received
News
of
him
,
to
desire
to
know
of
him
by
the
same
Courier
,
How
many
Ships
,
Dutch
and
others
,
were
come
with
him
to
Delfzyl
,
&c.
advertising
him
,
That
the
States
had
a
consi●erable
Fleet
in
the
Texel
,
of
about
90
Sail
of
good
Men
of
War
,
that
would
be
ready
to
sail
in
few
Days
.
This
Letter
was
delivered
to
de
Ruiter
about
the
beginning
of
the
Night
,
on
the
9th
,
to
which
he
immediately
made
answer
,
That
he
had
9
Men
of
War
still
in
his
Fleet
that
were
fit
to
do
service
,
only
they
were
very
foul
,
and
wanted
Sails
,
and
to
be
new
calkt
.
That
the
Men
in
them
were
in
good
Health
,
but
so
extremely
fatigued
with
so
long
a
Voyage
,
that
they
would
need
some
Days
Refreshment
on
Shore
.
That
,
as
for
himself
,
and
the
rest
,
both
of
the
General
and
Inferior
Officers
of
the
Fleet
,
they
were
in
perfect
Health
,
and
still
in
a
Condition
to
do
their
Country
Service
,
&c.
The
Election
of
a
Successor
to
the
Office
of
a
Lieutenant-Admiral
,
vacant
by
the
Death
of
Mr.
Opdam
,
had
a
good
while
taken
up
the
Council
of
State
,
and
many
of
the
Members
of
the
States
of
the
Province
of
Holland
had
appeared
about
the
middle
of
July
,
wholly
inclined
to
confer
it
upon
de
Ruiter
,
even
whilst
he
was
yet
abroad
at
Sea
,
so
that
at
the
News
of
his
Arrival
,
without
any
longer
Hesitation
,
he
was
on
the
11th
of
August
chosen
Lieutenant
Admiral
of
Holland
and
West-friesland
;
to
have
in
that
Quality
the
chief
Command
of
the
whole
Fleet
,
but
yet
under
the
Inspection
of
Mr.
Huigens
,
Mr.
de
Wit
,
and
Mr.
Borcel
,
as
Plenipotentiaries
of
the
States
;
as
appears
by
the
following
Resolution
.
After
Deliberation
thereupon
had
,
it
is
thought
fit
,
That
under
the
Super-intendence
,
Direction
and
Conduct
of
Mr.
Huigens
,
de
Ruiter
Lieutenant-Admiral
in
chief
.
Mr.
Pensionary
de
Wit
,
and
Mr.
John
Boreel
,
Deputies
and
Plenipotentiaries
of
their
High
and
Mightinesses
in
the
States
Fleet
,
Michael
Adrian
de
Ruiter
,
Lieutenant-Admiral
of
Holland
and
West-friesland
,
shall
command
in
chief
during
the
approaching
Expedition
;
and
that
in
this
Quality
he
shall
be
obliged
to
take
the
usual
Oath
,
by
vertue
of
the
Resolution
of
the
States
General
,
on
the
2d
of
this
Month
;
having
under
him
,
for
General
Officers
,
Cornelius
Evertsz
,
Lieutenant
Admiral
of
Zealand
,
Lieutenant-Admiral
Cornelius
Tromp
,
Lieutenant-Admiral
Meppel
Tierk
Hiddes
,
Lieutenant-Admiral
of
West-friesland
;
the
Vice
Admirals
,
Van
Nes
,
Vander
Hulst
,
Bankert
and
Koenders
;
and
the
Rear-Admirals
,
Deliefde
,
Cornelius
Evertsz
the
younger
,
and
Bruinsveld
.
That
if
it
shall
happen
by
any
unforeseen
Accident
,
which
God
forbid
,
by
Death
or
Sickness
,
that
Lieutenant-Admir
.
de
Ruiter
shall
be
no
longer
able
to
perform
his
Office
,
Lieutenant-Admiral
Tromp
shall
succeed
him
in
the
same
Quality
,
and
shall
enjoy
the
same
Prerogatives
,
having
the
Super-intendence
and
chief
Government
of
the
Fleet
;
and
for
that
effect
,
as
well
the
said
Lieutenant-Admiral
de
Ruiter
,
as
the
other
General
Officers
shall
give
such
good
Order
to
the
Ships
depending
of
their
respective
Squadrons
,
that
in
case
of
any
fatal
Accident
,
as
of
Death
,
at
the
Hour
of
Battle
,
and
when
the
two
Fleets
shall
be
engaged
together
,
they
may
shew
no
manner
of
Consternation
,
or
surprize
,
but
continue
still
to
behave
themselves
with
Presence
of
Mind
,
and
a
constant
and
firm
Resolution
,
keeping
silence
till
the
Fleets
come
to
be
disingaged
and
rejoyn
their
Flag
,
or
till
some
other
favourable
occasion
;
and
then
they
shall
give
notice
of
it
to
the
General
that
is
to
succeed
.
And
the
present
Resolution
of
their
High
and
Mightinesses
shall
be
sent
to
the
said
Lieutenant-Admiral
de
Ruiter
,
with
order
to
him
to
go
immediately
to
the
States
Fleet
,
assembled
in
the
Texel
,
to
joyn
himself
with
their
Plenipotentiaries
,
and
to
carry
with
him
Lieutenant
Admiral
Meppel
,
and
Vice-Admiral
Van
Nes
,
as
likewise
all
other
general
Officers
whom
he
shall
judge
fit
to
do
Service
in
the
next
Expedition
,
provided
it
can
be
done
without
incommoding
the
Service
of
the
Fleet
,
that
is
now
riding
at
Anchor
at
West
Eems
;
with
the
Design
however
,
and
the
Intention
,
that
as
well
Lieutenant-Admiral
de
R●iter
,
as
the
said
Lieutenant-Admiral
Meppel
,
Vice-Admiral
Van
Nes
,
and
other
Officers
,
shall
submit
to
the
Orders
that
shall
be
prescribed
them
by
the
Deputies
of
the
States
.
And
for
that
end
,
this
Resolution
of
their
High
and
Mightinesses
,
shall
be
sent
to
the
said
Deputies
,
to
serve
them
for
an
Instruction
,
whereof
they
are
hereby
ordered
to
cause
an
Extract
to
be
delivered
to
every
one
of
the
General
Officers
of
the
Fleet.
And
the
said
Deputies
are
hereby
authorised
,
at
the
same
time
to
take
care
that
the
present
Resolution
be
executed
in
all
its
Parts
,
as
far
as
't
is
possible
,
that
the
going
out
of
the
Fleet
upon
the
approaching
Expedition
may
in
no
wise
be
retarded
;
and
the
Dispatches
resulting
there-from
,
shall
be
sent
away
without
delay
,
&c.
This
Commission
was
immediately
carried
to
de
Ruiter
,
who
thereupon
went
from
Delfzyl
to
Grooningen
,
thence
to
Dockling
,
thence
to
Leeuwarden
,
from
thence
he
passed
to
Franeker
,
thence
to
Harlingen
,
and
from
thence
he
arrived
on
the
13th
in
the
Texel
.
In
the
mean
while
,
the
Deputies
,
the
next
Day
,
signified
the
said
Resolution
of
their
High
and
Mightinesses
to
all
the
General
Officers
of
the
Fleet
in
the
Texel
.
Who
all
professed
to
be
well
satisfied
with
it
,
and
unanimously
promised
to
conform
thereunto
,
except
only
Lieutenant-Admiral
Tromp
;
who
protested
,
That
he
pretended
not
to
serve
under
the
Command
of
Lieutenant-Admiral
de
Ruiter
,
and
that
he
did
not
intend
to
go
to
Sea
at
all
;
since
after
he
had
taken
so
much
Care
and
Pains
to
get
the
Fleet
into
a
good
Condition
another
was
put
up
over
his
Head
,
to
command
above
him
.
The
Day
following
,
as
they
were
deliberating
in
his
Presence
about
the
Departure
of
the
Fleet
,
he
renewed
his
Complaints
,
tho'
in
very
respectful
,
yet
very
resolute
Terms
;
telling
the
Deputies
,
That
he
prayed
them
to
be
pleased
to
discharge
him
from
his
Employment
,
at
least
for
that
time
,
since
he
could
not
assist
at
that
Expedition
so
much
against
his
Heart
,
without
doing
extreme
violence
to
himself
.
Adding
,
That
in
any
other
Occasions
,
he
would
never
refuse
to
give
all
desirable
Proofs
of
his
Zeal
,
and
stedfast
Affection
for
the
Service
of
his
Country
.
The
Deputies
of
the
States
having
conferred
thereupon
with
the
Deputies
of
the
College
of
the
Admiralty
,
represented
to
him
,
That
his
Honour
was
in
that
matter
no
way
touched
or
offended
,
and
therefore
earnestly
advised
him
to
wave
that
needless
and
unseasonable
Nicety
,
and
to
think
only
of
doing
his
Duty
.
But
he
continuing
still
obstinately
to
urge
a
Dismission
from
his
Employment
,
they
at
last
answered
him
,
That
they
had
no
Power
to
discharge
him
,
without
offending
against
the
Resolution
taken
by
their
High
and
Mightinesses
,
on
the
11th
of
that
Month
;
but
that
if
he
would
needs
persist
in
his
Intention
,
he
might
solicit
his
Dismission
himself
,
by
a
Letter
to
their
High
and
Mightinesses
.
However
,
that
upon
such
an
occasion
,
to
do
him
a
Pleasure
,
they
would
joyn
their
own
Instances
to
the
States
with
his
,
by
writing
to
them
to
back
his
Request
;
but
that
in
the
mean
while
he
was
obliged
to
stay
for
their
Answer
,
or
at
least
till
their
High
and
Mightinesses
should
send
particular
Orders
to
their
Deputies
,
directing
them
how
they
should
regulate
themselves
in
such
a
Circumstance
as
that
:
And
that
tho'
he
should
obtain
his
Discharge
,
yet
he
could
not
in
Reason
withdraw
himself
till
after
the
Arrival
of
Lieutenant-Admiral
de
Ruiter
,
to
the
Fleet.
After
such
an
Answer
,
Tromp
left
the
Deputies
,
with
a
wavering
Mind
,
whether
he
had
best
to
write
to
the
States
or
not
.
In
the
mean
time
,
the
Deputies
,
without
minding
any
of
those
private
Disgusts
and
Differences
,
caused
all
imaginable
Diligence
to
be
used
to
get
the
Fleet
into
a
Readiness
speedily
to
unmoor
,
as
being
convinced
by
Experience
,
that
a
favourable
,
occasion
to
sail
out
,
being
once
neglected
,
was
not
easily
to
be
met
withal
again
,
especially
when
they
considered
,
they
must
be
forced
to
stay
for
an
East-Wind
,
to
get
out
of
the
Harbours
,
and
get
the
Fleet
over
the
dangerous
Places
.
The
States
of
Holland
having
been
informed
by
a
Letter
from
Mr.
Witsen
,
ancient
Burgo
Master
of
Amsterdam
,
and
from
Mr.
Pensionary
de
Wit
,
written
from
the
Texel
,
That
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
,
appeared
unwilling
to
serve
at
Sea
under
the
Command
of
de
Ruiter
,
signified
their
Thoughts
thereupon
to
their
Deputies
,
in
the
following
Letter
.
Noble
,
Magnificent
,
Knowing
,
Wise
and
Circumspect
Lords
.
WE
hear
,
with
much
Displeasure
and
Surprize
,
de
Ruiter
,
to
command
our
Fleet
in
chief
,
making
Difficulty
to
continue
his
Services
,
and
refusing
to
obey
him
,
and
rather
chusing
not
to
go
to
Sea
at
all
this
approaching
Expedition
.
Yet
we
are
perswaded
,
that
when
he
has
seriously
reflected
upon
an
Affair
of
so
great
a
consequence
,
in
which
he
is
so
highly
concerned
to
render
Service
to
the
Publick
,
and
to
his
Country
,
without
making
any
particular
Reflections
,
disadvantagious
to
his
Reputation
,
he
will
resolve
upon
a
wiser
Conduct
.
But
be
it
how
it
will
,
since
the
Service
of
our
Country
is
now
the
concern
to
which
we
ought
to
sacrifice
all
sorts
of
particular
Interest
.
We
will
,
That
you
employ
all
possible
Means
and
Ways
to
terminate
all
things
,
and
that
,
without
having
any
regard
to
the
Person
of
the
said
Lieutenant-Admiral
Tromp
,
whether
he
change
his
Mind
,
or
persist
imprudently
to
press
a
Dismission
from
his
Employment
,
the
Departure
of
the
Fleet
may
not
on
that
account
be
at
all
hindred
,
but
rather
the
more
hastily
advanced
,
and
put
in
Execution
,
without
losing
Time
or
Opportunity
.
However
,
we
shall
expect
your
Answer
concerning
the
last
Resolution
that
shall
be
taken
by
the
said
Tromp
,
that
we
may
be
able
to
regulate
our
Deliberations
accordingly
;
having
in
all
other
Respects
a
full
confidence
in
your
wise
Conduct
,
and
in
the
Care
we
doubt
not
but
you
will
take
to
get
our
Fleet
with
all
possible
speed
out
to
Sea
.
We
recommend
you
to
the
Protection
of
God
,
&c.
And
the
Intention
of
the
States
was
accordingly
executed
;
but
Tromp
,
whether
he
came
to
himself
of
his
own
accord
,
or
were
over-persuaded
to
it
by
his
Friends
,
conformed
to
the
Will
and
Pleasure
of
the
States
.
In
the
mean
while
there
arose
a
great
Commomotion
among
the
Seamen
of
Lieutenant-Admiral
Tromp's
Ship
,
about
weighing
Anchor
,
which
they
refused
to
do
,
but
in
the
Prince
of
Orange's
Name
:
And
their
Insolence
transported
them
so
far
,
as
to
rebel
against
their
Officers
,
who
made
a
shift
to
appease
them
for
a
while
,
with
gentle
Words
;
but
the
Tumult
began
again
soon
after
afresh
,
when
the
Cook
came
to
serve
them
out
their
Victuals
:
For
not
being
content
with
what
was
given
them
,
they
ran
with
their
Porringers
,
to
the
Captain
's
Cabbin
,
making
a
horrid
Noise
,
till
at
last
the
Officers
,
taking
notice
who
were
the
Ringleaders
of
the
Disorder
,
seized
them
,
and
put
them
in
Hold
,
in
order
to
have
them
punished
according
to
their
Deserts
;
and
a
Council
of
War
being
called
to
sit
upon
them
,
after
having
heard
the
Criminals
,
on
the
11th
of
August
,
condemned
two
of
the
most
faulty
of
them
,
to
be
hanged
,
to
serve
for
an
Example
to
all
the
rest
of
the
Seamen
and
Soldiers
.
For
that
effect
,
two
Bills
were
put
into
a
Dish
,
covered
with
a
Napkin
,
whereof
one
had
in
it
the
figure
of
a
Gallows
,
and
the
other
was
a
Blank
,
and
they
being
made
to
draw
for
their
Lives
,
he
that
drew
the
Gallows
was
hanged
on
the
Main
Yard
,
and
the
other
was
whipt
,
markt
with
the
States
Arms
,
and
then
turned
ashore
,
as
unworthy
to
serve
any
more
.
3
Days
after
,
being
the
14th
of
the
Month
,
a
great
part
of
the
Fleet
put
out
to
Sea
,
and
the
Day
after
the
rest
followed
them
,
to
which
the
indefatigable
Care
of
Mr.
Pensionary
de
Wit
did
not
a
little
contribute
,
by
the
singular
Pains
he
took
to
see
all
the
Parts
of
the
Texel
sounded
,
through
which
they
were
to
pass
;
where
he
found
in
some
Places
4
Foot
of
Water
more
than
the
Sounders
ever
found
before
,
which
in
all
likelihood
happened
by
their
Carelesness
,
so
that
it
was
thought
not
impossible
to
get
out
at
28
Points
of
the
Compass
.
The
Fleet
was
then
composed
of
96
Sail
of
Men
of
War
,
and
22
Fireships
and
Advice
Yachts
,
and
was
divided
into
3
Squadrons
.
We
shall
here
,
by
the
way
,
desire
you
to
take
notice
,
That
the
Commander
Vander
Hulst
had
been
not
long
before
made
Vice-Admiral
by
the
States
of
Holland
,
for
the
College
of
the
Admiralty
of
Amsterdam
,
in
the
Place
of
Tromp
,
who
was
raised
to
the
Dignity
of
Lieutenant-Admiral
of
the
Meuse
,
vacant
by
the
Death
of
Kortenaar
,
and
that
Cornelius
Evertzen
had
been
named
by
the
College
of
Zealand
,
to
supply
the
Place
of
his
Brother
John
Evertsz
,
in
Quality
of
Lieutenant-Admiral
,
who
was
dispensed
with
from
serving
in
this
Expedition
.
When
the
Fleet
was
at
Sea
,
the
States
Plenipotentiaries
,
in
conjunction
with
Lieutenant-Admiral
Tromp
,
and
the
other
General
Officers
,
made
a
Regulation
,
and
establisht
an
Order
,
according
to
which
,
the
Chiefs
of
Squadrons
and
other
Captains
were
to
act
during
a
Fight
.
It
was
there
sp●cified
,
what
Squadron
it
was
,
that
when
they
were
right
before
the
Wind
,
should
keep
to
the
Right
or
the
Left
of
Lieutenant-Admiral
Tromp's
Squadron
;
and
in
time
of
a
Calm
,
which
Squadron
should
go
before
,
which
in
the
middle
,
and
which
behind
;
at
what
Signal
,
and
in
what
order
the
Squadrons
,
if
it
were
thought
fit
,
should
tack
about
;
in
what
Order
the
Squadrons
should
make
Sail
in
case
their
Fleet
got
the
Weathergage
of
the
Enemies
,
to
keep
that
Advantage
;
that
every
Captain
should
keep
a
watchful
Eye
upon
the
Chief
of
his
respective
Squadron
,
without
recoiling
before
the
Enemy
,
observing
him
always
,
unless
he
be
forced
to
do
otherwise
by
extreme
Necessity
,
upon
default
of
which
,
he
should
be
punished
with
Death
;
that
each
Lieutenant
Admiral
should
presently
divide
his
Squadron
between
his
Vice
and
Real
Admirals
,
to
prevent
all
Surprise
,
and
to
be
always
in
a
posture
to
fight
,
if
the
Enemies
should
on
a
sudden
present
themselves
to
him
;
that
every
Captain
should
take
care
to
keep
at
a
fit
distance
and
to
gain
Sea-room
enough
,
that
their
Ships
might
not
fall
foul
on
one
another
,
nor
be
incommoded
with
one
another's
Guns
.
That
each
Lieutenant-Admiral
should
establish
an
Order
in
his
Squadron
,
according
to
which
,
the
Fireships
s●all
be
obliged
to
regulate
themselves
,
and
shall
have
always
Frigats
ready
to
save
the
Men
,
when
any
Ship
should
happen
to
be
burnt
or
sunk
;
in
what
manner
they
were
to
govern
themselves
in
case
their
Fleet
should
happen
to
have
the
Weathergage
of
the
Enemies
,
and
they
should
come
by
the
Lee
,
in
order
to
preserve
that
Advantage
:
What
Squadron
,
if
the
fleet
made
to
the
left-hand
,
should
go
before
or
behind
the
other
Squadrons
,
which
should
have
the
Disadvantage
of
the
Wind
:
What
Order
the
Squadrons
should
observe
,
if
the
Dutch
Fleet
should
make
towards
the
right-hand
,
and
the
Enemy
should
be
to
the
Leeward
;
at
what
Signal
each
particular
Squadron
,
and
at
what
Signal
the
main
Body
of
the
Fleet
should
attack
that
of
the
Enemies
;
or
that
every
one
should
fall
to
boarding
them
:
That
every
one
should
observe
his
Rank
and
keep
near
the
Chief
of
his
Squadron
,
whether
there
be
any
Enemy
near
or
no
,
upon
Pain
of
being
fined
100
Livers
,
for
the
first
Default
,
200
Livers
for
the
second
,
and
of
being
cashiered
from
his
Employment
,
for
the
third
,
whatsoever
Excuse
he
could
alledge
to
justifie
himself
:
That
the
General
Officers
should
every
Day
detach
out
some
of
the
best
Sailers
and
some
Galliots
,
to
go
a
scouting
to
discover
the
Enemy
;
and
that
as
soon
as
they
hear
any
thing
new
they
shall
give
notice
of
it
to
the
States
Deputies
,
and
to
the
Lieutenant-Admiral
:
That
if
any
of
the
Frigats
,
detached
to
go
a
scouting
after
the
Enemies
,
should
chance
to
make
Prize
,
during
their
Course
,
of
any
Merchants
Ships
that
should
be
declared
good
Prize
;
that
then
the
Booty
should
be
divided
among
the
Ships
of
the
Squadron
from
which
the
detachment
was
made
;
that
if
the
said
Frigats
should
happen
to
take
a
Man
of
War
,
they
should
not
only
remain
Possessors
of
her
,
and
of
her
Guns
,
but
should
also
have
over
and
above
that
,
the
sum
ordered
by
the
Estates
in
that
case
,
for
a
Reward
:
That
besides
,
if
any
one
should
have
received
a
dangerous
Shot
in
his
Ship
,
or
by
any
other
dismal
Accident
,
find
himself
forced
to
quit
the
Enemy
,
for
want
of
Help
,
he
should
be
obliged
to
put
up
a
Flag
upon
the
Poop
▪
which
yet
he
should
not
do
but
at
the
last
Extremity
.
In
fine
,
that
none
should
offer
to
give
Ch●ce
to
any
of
the
Enemies
Ships
,
ti●●
Li●utenant
Admiral
Tromp
should
have
given
order
for
so
doing
,
by
firing
a
Signal-Gun
,
and
that
in
such
a
Rencounter
those
Ships
that
should
happen
to
be
nearest
the
Enemies
Ships
should
give
them
Chace
:
That
upon
the
Discovery
of
one
of
the
Enemies
Ships
,
two
of
the
Dutch
should
be
detached
after
it
,
if
two
,
three
;
and
if
three
,
four
should
be
sent
after
them
,
and
so
proportionably
for
more
,
always
taking
care
to
detach
those
Ships
against
them
that
should
be
nearest
to
the
Ships
they
should
desire
to
give
Chace
to
.
Lieutenant-Admiral
Tromp
was
considered
in
that
Regulation
as
the
chief
Commander
of
the
Fleet
,
and
all
was
done
in
his
Name
,
because
Lieutenant-Admiral
de
Ruiter
was
not
yet
come
thither
.
Tromp
also
established
an
Order
concerning
the
general
Rendezvous
of
the
Fleet
,
in
Case
of
Separation
by
Tempest
,
or
by
the
Darkness
of
the
Night
that
should
make
them
lose
Sight
of
their
Flag
.
And
that
Order
was
regulated
according
to
Times
,
Opportunities
,
and
the
Winds
that
should
happen
to
prevail
.
Lieutenant-Admiral
de
Ruiter
arrived
in
the
Texel
,
the
16th
of
August
,
where
there
were
left
three
Frigats
,
to
conduct
him
to
the
Fleet
,
but
by
a
contrary
Wind
he
was
detained
till
next
day
Morning
,
when
he
set
sail
accompanied
with
Van
Nes
,
who
had
taken
the
Oath
in
Quality
of
Vice-Admiral
of
the
Meuse
,
at
the
same
time
that
de
Ruiter
was
sworn
in
the
Texel
,
before
the
Deputies
of
the
States
General
,
in
quality
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
of
Holland
and
West-friesland
,
to
command
in
Chief
.
He
therefore
went
to
the
Mouth
of
the
Spanish
Hole
,
where
he
went
on
Board
the
Frigat
,
Schiedam
,
carrying
25
Guns
and
81
Men
,
and
the
next
Morning
he
arrived
on
Board
the
Ship
called
the
Amity
,
then
commanded
by
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
,
where
he
was
received
by
the
Deputies
of
the
States
with
great
Demonstrations
of
Kindness
.
Tromp
likewise
shewed
a
great
deal
of
good
Temper
and
Moderation
towards
him
,
by
smothering
in
Silence
a
part
of
his
Resentments
,
which
already
gave
the
Nation
great
Hopes
they
would
shortly
be
perfectly
reconciled
.
Whilst
things
were
thus
passing
on
the
Side
of
the
Vnited
Provinces
,
the
English
Fleet
,
under
the
Command
of
the
Admirals
,
Mountague
,
Pen
,
and
Allen
,
had
made
an
Excursion
towards
the
North
,
to
cruise
there
against
the
Ships
belonging
to
the
Dutch
East-India
Company
,
that
were
expected
coming
homewards
;
but
they
having
had
timely
notice
of
it
by
some
Dutch
Galliots
,
happily
retired
into
the
Harbour
of
Bergen
in
Norway
,
to
the
Number
of
10
Ships
;
and
two
more
belonging
to
the
same
Company
went
into
Drontheim
;
and
besides
them
,
there
were
60
Merchant-ships
more
richly
laden
,
bound
homewards
to
Holland
.
The
Admirals
of
the
English
Fleet
,
upon
that
News
,
were
desperately
enraged
they
had
let
slip
so
rich
a
Booty
out
of
their
Chops
,
so
that
calling
a
Council
of
War
,
they
resolved
to
attack
the
Dutch
in
the
Bay
,
whether
they
could
get
the
Governour
of
Bergen's
consent
or
no
,
with
Design
and
Hopes
to
take
,
or
at
least
burn
and
destroy
their
Fleet
there
.
They
sent
therefore
to
the
said
Governour
,
named
Aleveld
,
to
desire
his
Consent
to
their
Enterprize
,
who
being
unprovided
then
with
Guns
and
Ammunition
sufficient
to
resist
them
,
held
them
off
3
Days
with
fair
Words
,
telling
them
,
He
durst
not
let
them
attempt
upon
any
Ships
in
that
his
Master's
Port
,
without
express
Orders
from
his
Majesty
,
to
whom
he
would
send
to
know
his
Pleasure
about
it
,
conjuring
them
,
in
the
mean
time
,
not
to
offer
by
any
Hostility
to
violate
the
Liberty
of
his
Master's
Harbours
.
But
after
3
Days
,
during
which
he
had
supplied
himself
with
Guns
,
Powder
and
all
other
Necessaries
from
the
Dutch
Ships
and
elsewhere
,
having
sent
the
English
a
flat
Refusal
,
they
detached
away
Captain
Tyddeman
with
a
Squadron
of
14
Men
of
War
with
3
Fireships
and
2
Advice
Boats
who
entered
boldly
into
the
bay
,
without
sparing
the
Danes
their
Allies
any
more
than
the
Hollanders
their
Enemies
.
The
Circumstances
of
what
passed
in
that
occasion
,
are
related
in
the
following
Letter
written
by
the
General
Officers
that
Commanded
the
Dutch
East-India
Fleet.
SIR
,
THE
English
having
had
advice
,
that
we
were
arrived
here
with
a
Fleet
of
10
ships
from
the
East-Indies
,
were
in
an
unconceivable
vexation
at
it
;
so
that
the
day
before
yesterday
they
came
and
posted
themselves
between
the
two
Castles
that
defend
the
entrance
of
the
Port
,
with
a
Squadron
of
14
Men
of
War
,
3
Fire-ships
,
and
4
Advice
Yachts
,
making
in
all
21
sail
,
and
fell
upon
our
Fleet
with
so
much
fury
,
that
we
were
forced
to
stand
up
in
our
own
defence
,
and
by
the
help
of
the
Castles
,
and
of
some
batteries
we
had
raised
on
shore
against
them
with
Guns
drawn
out
of
our
ships
we
repulsed
them
with
so
much
success
,
that
after
a
fight
of
about
3
hours
and
a
half
,
they
were
forced
to
cut
their
Cables
,
and
shamefully
betake
themselves
to
flight
.
We
are
told
for
certain
,
that
whilst
they
were
retreating
3
of
their
Ships
sunk
,
whereof
one
carried
an
Admirals
Flag
.
It
appears
by
the
marks
of
their
defeat
,
that
they
were
very
severely
handled
,
since
30
of
their
dead
men
were
cast
ashore
by
the
Waves
,
who
were
strip'd
by
the
Inhabitants
,
and
6
of
their
ships
were
so
battered
,
that
they
were
forced
to
Anchor
,
at
about
3
miles
from
hence
,
to
patch
themselves
up
again
as
well
as
they
could
,
being
able
no
longer
to
keep
the
Sea
.
We
had
in
this
fight
25
men
killed
,
and
70
wounded
;
and
we
lost
the
Merchant
,
Mr.
Peter
de
Sandvlied
,
after
he
had
shewn
a
great
deal
of
Bravery
.
The
Masts
,
Sails
and
Rigging
of
our
ships
are
extreamely
endamaged
,
so
that
they
will
take
us
up
several
days
time
to
repair
them
.
We
have
reason
to
thank
God
for
having
so
powerfully
protected
us
.
A
Merchant
ship
of
Lisbon
,
Commanded
by
the
Master
Ruth
Maximilian
,
fought
valiantly
after
the
Example
of
our
men
,
and
so
did
General
Alefelt
,
and
the
Governour
Van
Steignon
,
who
after
he
had
done
all
he
could
to
divert
the
English
from
their
design
by
fair
words
,
without
any
effect
,
have
at
last
by
the
force
of
their
Arms
,
and
the
powerfull
Rhetorick
of
the
Cannon
of
their
Castles
,
maintained
their
rights
,
and
the
Protection
they
had
granted
to
strangers
,
so
that
all
things
succeeded
to
the
honour
of
the
Victors
.
Three
Months
pay
Extraordinary
was
granted
on
this
occasion
both
to
the
Seamen
of
our
ships
,
as
of
those
of
the
Merchants
,
by
way
of
reward
for
their
good
Service
,
who
were
employed
either
on
board
our
ships
,
or
else
on
shore
in
managing
the
Batteries
there
erected
for
our
defence
;
which
is
to
be
paid
by
all
the
ships
which
are
here
and
we
hope
you
will
not
take
that
proceeding
ill
from
us
,
since
it
was
put
in
practice
only
to
raise
the
Courage
of
the
men
in
that
pressing
occasion
,
and
to
incite
them
the
more
vigorously
to
repulse
a
bold
and
potent
Enemy
who
came
with
a
greedy
and
eager
Appetite
,
to
seize
upon
so
much
riches
,
the
loss
of
which
would
have
been
very
heavily
sensible
to
you
.
The
bearer
of
these
dispatches
can
inform
you
more
fully
of
the
other
Circumstances
of
this
Fight
,
because
he
was
an
Eye-Witness
of
all
that
passed
in
it
.
Upon
the
Advice
we
have
had
from
several
Persons
,
that
past
last
Sunday
near
the
Enemies
Fleet
,
about
20
miles
to
the
Westward
of
Schuitenes
,
we
thought
we
had
some
reason
to
fear
,
they
would
attempt
a
second
charge
upon
us
;
which
makes
us
put
in
practice
all
things
that
may
tend
to
secure
our
preservation
;
having
for
that
effect
,
pray'd
the
Governour
to
Order
the
Barrier
to
be
repaired
that
shuts
up
the
Port
,
that
so
being
shut
up
,
we
may
be
in
safe
shelter
from
Fire-ships
.
We
also
have
intreated
him
to
repair
the
works
and
Batteries
,
and
put
them
into
a
better
condition
,
as
likewise
to
cause
some
new
works
to
be
raised
in
convenient
places
,
to
plant
Cannon
upon
.
And
he
has
assured
us
,
he
will
take
care
to
have
all
things
done
that
may
contribute
to
the
security
of
the
Havens
of
the
King
his
Master
;
that
we
are
at
present
busied
in
transporting
to
shore
20
peices
of
Cannon
out
of
our
ships
and
10
more
out
of
the
Merchants
ships
,
which
we
can
very
well
spare
by
reason
of
the
smallness
of
the
Port
,
to
be
employed
there
in
our
defence
;
we
will
likewise
endeavour
to
make
a
Fire-ship
if
we
can
perswade
one
of
our
Merchants
to
give
us
his
ship
for
that
use
.
All
things
being
so
Ordered
,
we
hope
under
the
Protection
of
God
sufficiently
to
provide
for
the
security
of
so
rich
a
Booty
as
that
intrusted
with
us
,
by
vigorously
repulsing
the
attacks
of
the
English
in
which
we
implore
the
assistance
and
blessing
of
God
;
and
we
promise
on
our
part
to
contribute
thereto
with
all
that
shall
lie
in
our
power
,
&c.
The
English
lost
in
that
attack
,
2
Captains
,
with
one
of
Mountague's
Sons
,
and
3
men
of
War
,
whereof
one
stuck
in
the
Rocks
,
out
of
which
the
Dutch
took
the
Guns
,
to
employ
them
in
their
own
defence
.
And
the
Wooden
Posts
that
formed
the
Barrier
of
the
Haven
were
Reimplaced
in
Order
to
secure
the
Fleet
from
the
English
Fire-ships
.
But
they
durst
not
venture
upon
another
charge
,
but
tackt
about
towards
their
main
Fleet
,
quitting
the
Rocks
of
Norway
to
make
the
best
of
their
way
towards
their
own
Country
:
And
so
by
that
means
the
Dutch
ships
that
were
pregnant
with
immense
Riches
,
the
ships
alone
that
came
from
the
East-Indies
,
being
valued
at
above
12
Millions
of
Livers
,
or
one
Million
Sterling
,
were
delivered
from
the
disasters
,
that
threatned
them
.
When
Admiral
de
Ruiter
was
arrived
in
the
Fleet
,
as
we
have
said
,
it
was
thought
fit
,
by
the
Advice
of
all
the
rest
of
the
General
Officers
,
that
the
States
Deputies
and
Lieutenant
Admiral
de
Ruiter
should
remove
out
of
the
ship
Amity
,
into
the
Delfland
,
called
formerly
,
the
Great
Spaniard
,
and
that
each
Squadron
of
the
Fleet
should
make
a
detachment
of
7
Frigats
,
or
bigger
Men
of
War
,
with
some
Fire-ships
,
to
form
a
4th
.
Squadron
for
Admiral
de
Ruiter
,
who
had
to
Command
it
under
him
,
Aart
Van
Nes
,
Vice-Admiral
of
the
Meuse
,
and
Frederick
Staghouwer
,
Rear-Admiral
of
the
College
of
the
Admiralty
of
the
North.
They
likewise
regulated
the
placing
of
the
Flags
,
ordering
,
that
Admiral
de
Ruiter's
Squadron
should
bear
it
on
their
main
mast
;
that
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
Cornelius
Evertsz
,
on
their
mizzen-mast
,
the
Squadron
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
on
the
Poop
,
and
that
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tierk
Hiddes
,
on
the
Fore
mast
.
All
the
World
begun
already
to
conceive
great
Hopes
of
so
formidable
a
Fleet
,
commanded
by
2
of
the
greatest
men
of
the
Age
,
and
directed
by
the
Council
of
the
wisest
Deputies
of
the
State
.
Things
being
in
that
Condition
,
there
Remained
nothing
but
to
form
some
Noble
Enterprize
that
might
raise
the
Glory
of
the
Chieftains
,
and
the
Courage
of
the
Seamen
that
was
pall'd
by
the
ill
success
of
the
last
fight
.
And
accordingly
the
Deputies
,
and
Admiral
de
Ruiter
with
the
rest
of
the
General
Officers
of
the
Fleet
Resolved
to
sail
towards
the
Coasts
of
England
or
Scotland
,
as
thinking
they
might
meet
at
some
advantage
with
the
English
Fleet
,
as
they
were
supposed
to
be
coming
back
laden
with
the
spoils
of
the
Dutch
East-India
ships
,
or
at
least
might
succour
these
latter
and
rescue
them
out
of
the
Enemies
hands
.
That
project
seemed
well
contrived
,
but
a
contrary
Wind
hindred
the
execution
of
it
,
for
growing
more
boisterous
and
turning
quite
opposite
against
them
,
it
was
impossible
for
the
Fleet
to
steer
to
the
North-ward
;
which
at
the
same
time
favoured
the
retreat
of
the
English
.
On
the
25th
.
of
the
Month
of
August
,
the
Advanc'd
guard
of
the
Dutch
Fleet
having
pursued
two
English
Advice
Yachts
,
took
them
,
and
by
their
means
were
informed
,
that
the
English
Fleet
consisting
of
about
70
sail
of
Men
of
War
,
had
been
cruizing
some
days
upon
the
Coast
of
Norway
,
to
hunt
after
the
East-India
ships
;
but
that
afterwards
pursuing
their
course
on
the
18th
.
towards
Hitland
,
they
came
to
an
Anchor
in
the
bay
of
Breezond
,
having
left
upon
the
Coasts
of
Norway
a
Squadron
of
20
ships
under
the
Command
of
Captain
Tyddeman
;
and
that
on
the
23d
.
having
unmoored
from
Hitland
,
they
put
out
to
Sea
again
.
On
the
25th
.
of
the
same
Month
,
the
Advanced
guard
of
the
Dutch
Fleet
discovered
an
English
man
of
War
of
the
white
Squadron
,
so
that
they
found
by
that
,
the
two
Fleets
were
pretty
near
one
another
,
yet
without
being
able
to
see
one
another
,
or
to
discover
what
course
each
other
steer'd
.
During
these
transactions
,
the
Dutch
resolved
to
sail
with
all
possible
diligence
towards
Bergen
,
in
hopes
to
meet
and
maul
the
small
English
Squadron
in
those
parts
;
and
accordingly
on
the
29th
.
the
Holland
Fleet
arrived
upon
the
Coast
of
Norway
,
and
heard
there
by
the
report
of
some
Galliots
,
that
the
English
had
attack
the
Dutch
homeward
bound
East-India
ships
in
the
Port
of
Bergen
,
as
likewise
other
Dutch
Merchant
ships
that
were
retired
thither
,
but
that
,
after
a
fight
of
3
hours
and
a
half
,
they
were
forced
to
cut
their
Anchor
Cables
,
and
shamefully
to
flie
away
with
considerable
loss
and
damage
.
So
,
that
the
Dutch
Fleet
had
not
only
mist
of
the
English
Fleet
,
but
arrived
too
late
before
Bergen
,
to
attach
Tyddeman
.
In
the
mean
time
the
States
Deputies
received
a
Letter
from
Captain
Bitter
that
Commanded
in
chief
the
East
-
India
ships
;
who
signified
to
them
,
that
since
the
fight
with
the
English
,
things
there
went
very
strangely
:
For
that
Mr.
Alefelt
or
Aleveld
,
General
of
the
Danish
Troops
in
Norway
,
and
Mr.
Steignon
,
Governour
of
the
Town
and
Castles
of
Bergen
,
who
told
the
Dutch
very
roundly
,
that
if
they
expected
they
should
continue
their
care
to
protect
them
from
the
oppression
of
the
English
,
they
must
pay
them
down
on
the
nail
the
sum
of
100000
Crowns
to
satisfie
them
and
the
rest
of
the
Officers
and
Soldiers
for
the
pains
and
hazard
they
had
been
at
in
their
defence
;
and
that
when
they
should
have
received
that
money
,
they
would
be
ready
to
sacrifice
their
Lives
and
Estates
against
all
that
should
attempt
upon
the
liberty
of
their
Harbours
adding
,
that
for
the
love
they
had
to
the
United
Provinces
,
they
would
act
freely
with
them
and
without
any
manner
of
dissimulation
;
That
the
English
from
whom
they
had
much
more
advantageous
Offers
,
if
they
would
accept
them
,
were
but
two
or
three
miles
from
Bergen
:
And
that
the
account
they
were
to
render
to
the
King
their
Master
about
observing
a
Neutrality
was
not
the
least
bar
to
them
in
that
case
;
that
therefore
they
expected
the
Dutch
should
immediately
satisfie
their
demand
in
ready
cash
or
upon
their
default
,
they
knew
where
to
furnish
themselves
,
and
in
two
days
time
would
oblige
them
to
make
a
serious
reflection
upon
the
premisses
,
&c.
Bitter
added
,
that
he
had
answered
them
that
the
Dutch
Merchants
there
were
not
in
a
condition
out
of
their
own
Money
to
pay
so
considerable
a
sum
;
that
a
recompence
of
such
a
value
as
that
was
the
concern
of
the
State
alone
,
and
that
no
private
Person
ought
to
meddle
with
it
.
However
he
told
his
Masters
that
he
had
endeavoured
to
drill
on
the
affair
with
them
to
what
length
he
could
,
by
paying
them
3000
Crowns
in
hand
,
and
that
they
were
making
a
Collection
of
8
or
10000
Crowns
more
amongst
the
Merchant
men
come
from
Spain
,
which
sum
was
to
be
imployed
in
fortifying
the
Castle
where
a
great
many
men
were
already
at
work
for
that
effect
,
&c.
The
States
had
named
Lieutenant
Colonel
de
Gent
,
the
Colonels
Dolman
,
and
Maregnault
the
Lieutenant
Colonel
de
Santen
,
and
Serjeant
Major
Wynbergen
,
to
Command
the
Troops
on
board
their
Fleet.
And
before
the
Deputies
had
received
Bitter's
Letter
,
they
had
sent
the
first
of
those
Officers
to
the
Governour
of
Bergen
to
compliment
him
in
their
Name
,
and
to
return
him
thanks
for
the
Protection
he
had
granted
to
the
Dutch
ships
in
his
Port
,
and
to
desire
him
at
the
same
time
to
continue
it
,
and
to
order
things
so
,
that
the
Merchant
Fleet
there
might
speedily
be
dismist
out
of
that
Harbour
,
and
sail
out
to
secure
themselves
under
the
Admiral
Flag
of
the
States
Grand
Fleet.
Mr.
de
Gent
was
accordingly
received
by
the
Governour
with
great
marks
of
respect
:
Upon
which
the
Deputies
having
some
reliance
,
writ
to
Bitter
to
use
all
the
diligence
he
could
to
get
the
Ships
out
of
that
Port
,
as
being
perswaded
the
Danes
would
not
offer
to
oppose
their
going
;
but
withal
assuring
him
,
that
if
he
feared
they
would
make
any
difficulty
to
let
them
quietly
depart
,
that
they
might
expect
all
the
assistance
imaginable
from
the
powerfull
Fleet
that
was
so
near
at
hand
,
at
their
disposal
.
But
alas
the
very
noise
alone
of
the
arrival
of
that
Fleet
upon
the
Coasts
of
Norway
,
made
Affairs
there
change
face
immediately
,
and
after
that
the
Dutch
heard
no
more
from
the
Danes
of
their
demand
of
100000
Crowns
.
On
the
contrary
,
they
agreeably
and
obligingly
consented
to
the
departure
of
their
Merchant
ships
,
but
yet
they
refused
to
restore
41
pieces
of
Cannon
that
the
Hollanders
had
drawn
out
of
their
East
-
India
,
and
other
Merchant
ships
,
to
be
imployed
partly
in
the
Castle
,
and
partly
in
Batteries
raised
on
the
shore
,
during
the
late
fight
with
the
English
.
For
when
the
Dutch
redemanded
them
,
the
Danes
answered
,
that
they
had
need
of
them
themselves
for
their
own
defence
against
the
English
,
whom
they
had
incensed
against
them
upon
their
account
;
so
that
with
all
the
Dutch
could
do
or
say
,
they
could
never
perswade
them
to
part
with
them
again
.
After
the
East-India
and
other
Merchant
ships
had
joyned
the
Grand
Fleet
of
men
of
War
,
they
unmoor'd
from
the
Bay
of
Bergen
,
at
the
beginning
of
September
,
and
about
4
days
after
were
saluted
by
so
terrible
a
Tempest
that
they
were
almost
all
entirely
scattered
one
from
another
.
And
besides
the
loss
of
two
Fire-Ships
that
were
cast
away
,
there
were
many
Ships
shrewdly
endamaged
.
Two
East-India
Ships
,
viz.
The
Golden
Phoenix
,
and
the
Fort
of
Huningen
,
and
4
men
of
War
,
viz.
the
West-Friesland
,
the
Groningen
,
the
De
Zevenwolden
,
and
the
Hope
,
being
separated
from
the
Admiral
's
Flag
,
by
the
ill
Weather
,
fell
into
the
hands
of
the
English
near
the
Dogger-Sand
.
And
some
days
after
,
the
Ships
,
Huis
te
Swieten
,
the
Cavaleer
of
Guelders
the
St.
Paul
of
Zealand
,
and
the
St.
Paul
of
Enkhuizen
,
together
with
3
Merchant
Ships
,
2
Fire
Ships
,
&c.
were
likewise
taken
,
being
drawn
into
the
snare
by
the
treachery
of
a
Pilot
of
Bremen
,
who
being
askt
,
whether
he
could
tell
any
news
of
the
English
?
answered
,
that
he
had
seen
them
pass
by
about
80
sail
strong
,
and
so
councelling
them
to
steer
to
the
East-South-East
,
cruelly
betrayed
the
Hollanders
,
by
sending
them
into
their
Enemies
mouths
.
However
the
Dutch
grand
Fleet
made
a
shift
to
get
back
about
the
24
of
September
,
and
to
come
most
part
of
them
to
an
Anchor
,
in
Goree
,
without
coming
to
any
Action
,
except
it
were
Vice-Admiral
Van
Nes
,
who
fired
some
Guns
upon
some
English
Ships
that
would
have
taken
from
him
two
East-India
Ships
,
but
no
fight
ensued
,
because
the
English
thought
fit
to
sheer
off
,
and
leave
them
to
pursue
their
voyage
.
A
little
time
after
,
the
taking
of
those
Ships
,
the
English
Fleet
steer'd
away
homewards
for
their
own
Harbours
,
and
on
the
21st
.
at
night
the
Earl
of
Sandwich
came
to
an
Anchor
in
Solbay
,
with
a
Squadron
of
18
men
of
War
,
two
East-India
Ships
,
and
some
other
prizes
taken
from
the
Hollanders
,
as
appears
by
the
Letter
he
writ
from
thence
to
General
Monk
,
whereof
here
follows
the
Copy
.
May
it
please
your
Excellence
,
Dutch
East-India
Fleet
,
4
of
their
men
of
War
,
and
3
or
4
other
Merchant
Ships
.
Since
which
on
Saturday
the
9th
.
Instant
at
night
,
we
met
18
sail
more
most
of
which
were
taken
,
and
amongst
them
,
a
man
of
War
of
70
Guns
,
another
of
40
,
and
some
West-India
Ships
laden
with
Ammunition
and
Provisions
for
the
Fleet.
As
for
this
last
rencounter
I
cannot
yet
tell
you
all
the
Circumstances
of
it
,
because
the
Wind
rising
in
the
night
,
and
the
darkness
redoubling
,
we
were
separated
one
from
an
other
.
But
God
be
thanked
,
that
he
was
pleased
to
be
so
gracious
as
to
conduct
me
back
to
Anchor
here
last
Night
with
a
Fleet
of
Eighteen
Sail
,
having
with
me
,
the
Royal
Sovereign
,
2
East-India
Ships
,
and
some
other
Men
of
War
,
taken
from
the
Hollanders
:
We
discover
at
present
some
Ships
at
Sea
,
making
all
the
Sail
they
can
to
come
in
hither
,
so
that
I
doubt
not
but
God
will
grant
them
that
Favour
,
supposing
them
to
be
some
of
our
own
;
but
yet
I
cannot
discern
any
of
the
White
and
Blew
Squadrons
,
except
only
that
of
the
Rear-Admiral
of
the
Blue
Squadron
.
I
have
resolved
to
send
the
Great
Ships
with
the
Prizes
,
into
the
River
of
Chattam
,
on
the
first
Opportunity
,
and
to
leave
the
most
part
of
the
small
Frigats
at
Hartly-Bay
,
and
Harwich
.
We
have
made
1000
Prisoners
on
board
our
last
Prizes
.
I
recommend
your
Excellence
to
the
Protection
of
God
Almighty
,
&c.
Thus
the
English
retired
into
their
Harbours
,
laden
with
the
Spoils
of
the
Hollanders
.
In
which
Transaction
,
it
seems
something
strange
,
the
two
Fleets
should
come
so
near
one
another
without
fighting
,
since
their
Vanguards
were
sometimes
near
enough
to
have
engaged
;
but
it
is
thought
the
English
intended
nothing
less
than
a
Fight
,
when
they
saw
so
fair
an
Occasion
to
make
a
Rich
Booty
without
it
.
In
the
mean
while
,
the
Dutch
used
all
imaginable
Industry
,
to
assemble
their
Fleet
before
Goree
,
and
to
get
them
in
readiness
to
go
out
once
more
in
search
after
the
English
,
and
to
engage
them
,
if
possible
,
to
a
Battle
.
But
a
horrible
Tempest
arising
on
the
29th
of
September
,
so
endamaged
most
of
their
Ships
,
that
they
were
glad
to
retire
again
into
their
Ports
.
But
however
,
de
Ruiter
,
in
spite
of
all
those
cross
and
mischievous
Accidents
,
unmoored
on
the
5th
of
October
following
,
from
before
Goree
,
to
go
into
the
Texel
,
and
joyn
the
other
fresh
Ships
there
,
with
Design
after
he
had
taken
in
a
Supply
of
necessary
Provisions
,
to
sail
out
with
them
towards
the
Coasts
of
England
.
And
on
the
11th
the
Dutch
Fleet
,
consisting
of
about
90
Sail
of
Men
of
War
,
weighed
Anchor
,
with
a
Resolution
,
to
go
and
attack
the
English
,
at
Solbay
,
at
Harwich
,
in
the
Thames
,
or
in
the
Downs
;
for
which
effect
,
the
States
Deputies
had
taken
care
to
detach
away
some
Yachts
and
Galliots
,
to
go
out
a
scouting
towards
those
Places
,
and
to
get
what
Intelligence
they
could
of
the
English
,
and
to
spie
out
the
Number
of
their
Ships
.
And
one
of
those
Yachts
and
a
Galliot
,
being
returned
,
met
the
Grand
Fleet
on
the
12th
off
of
Schoowen
,
and
reported
,
They
had
seen
23
English
Ships
behind
the
Banks
of
Harwich
,
and
that
some
French
Fishermen
had
assured
them
,
The
English
Fleet
was
not
yet
come
out
.
Relying
upon
that
Report
,
the
Hollanders
appeared
on
the
15th
between
Yarmouth
and
Laystoff
,
where
they
took
a
small
Bark
,
and
enquiring
of
the
Prisoners
taken
in
it
,
how
all
things
stood
,
they
answered
,
That
they
knew
nothing
but
only
that
the
great
English
Men
of
War
had
orders
not
to
stir
out
,
and
that
there
were
none
at
all
on
the
Northern
Coasts
;
that
the
last
week
before
there
died
in
London
9000
People
of
the
Plague
,
and
that
several
other
great
Towns
in
the
Kingdom
were
afflicted
with
the
same
pernicious
Disease
.
The
next
Day
,
the
Fleet
advanced
towards
Solbay
,
where
they
found
no
Ships
at
all
.
In
the
mean
while
,
all
the
Coast
was
in
an
alarm
;
and
the
People
of
Suffolk
were
up
in
Arms
,
and
had
fired
the
Beacons
all-a-long
the
Sea-Coast
,
to
give
notice
to
the
Inhabitants
,
that
the
Enemy
was
upon
their
Coast
.
On
the
same
Day
,
16
of
the
King's
Ships
having
had
notice
of
the
Approach
of
the
Holland
Fleet
,
unmoored
from
Harwich
,
and
retired
into
the
Thames
.
On
the
17th
the
Dutch
were
resolved
to
make
sail
towards
Harwich
,
across
the
Banks
,
but
were
hindred
by
a
contrary
Wind
;
and
therefore
steered
towards
the
Thames
,
where
they
saw
13
English
Men
of
War
go
in
,
which
they
could
not
possibly
intercept
,
because
our
Men
were
near
3
Miles
off
from
the
Body
of
the
Grand
Fleet.
It
was
supposed
,
they
were
the
Ships
that
were
come
from
Harwich
.
The
next
night
,
the
Dutch
Fleet
anchored
at
the
Mouth
of
the
River
,
and
on
the
18th
they
unmoored
,
and
made
off
for
the
Downs
,
thinking
to
block
up
the
Passage
thither
,
and
to
surprize
the
English
Ships
they
should
find
there
.
But
that
Project
was
broken
either
by
contrary
Winds
,
or
Calms
,
if
it
had
not
been
for
which
they
might
have
taken
5
English
Men
of
War
and
3
or
4
Privateers
,
who
by
that
means
had
time
to
escape
.
However
,
the
Fleet
returned
again
to
the
Thames
;
and
on
the
last
Day
of
the
Month
,
the
Lords
Deputies
,
with
the
Admiral
de
Ruiter
,
went
on
Board
the
Frigat
Gornichem
,
and
with
3
Galliots
accompanying
them
,
advanced
a
great
way
up
the
River
,
followed
at
a
distance
by
de
Ruiter's
and
Tromp's
Squadrons
.
About
a
mile
from
thence
they
found
the
River
very
large
and
deep
,
and
the
next
evening
after
they
had
taken
a
View
of
all
things
,
they
returned
to
the
Fleet.
But
all
those
Precautions
were
but
needless
,
because
they
were
founded
only
upon
the
Advice
they
had
had
,
that
an
English
Fleet
,
to
the
Number
of
about
60
Sail
,
of
stout
Men
of
War
,
was
ready
to
sail
out
of
the
Thames
,
with
intent
to
give
Battle
to
the
Hollanders
,
and
chase
them
from
the
Coasts
of
England
;
which
proved
false
,
for
they
offered
not
to
stir
out
.
In
the
mean
time
Winter
was
coming
on
,
and
Mortal
Diseases
began
cruelly
to
rage
in
the
Fleet
;
where
140
Seamen
were
already
dead
,
355
had
been
sent
back
sick
into
Holland
,
and
there
were
reckoned
970
more
to
remain
still
in
the
Fleet.
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
had
34
Sick
on
board
him
,
besides
33
more
he
had
sent
home
before
.
On
the
1st
of
November
,
all
the
General
and
Inferior
Officers
in
the
Fleet
were
summoned
on
Board
the
Admiral
,
to
give
him
a
more
particular
account
what
condition
they
were
in
,
by
whose
Report
it
appeared
,
That
some
Captains
who
had
all
their
Men
healthy
and
sound
,
but
on
the
27th
of
the
last
Month
,
complained
,
that
since
that
time
they
had
had
one
with
another
40
Men
apiece
sick
on
board
them
.
And
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
was
one
of
the
most
unfortunate
in
that
Rencounter
,
having
in
two
days
time
50
Soldiers
taken
sick
in
his
Ship
alone
.
Vice-Admiral
Bankert
reported
likewise
,
That
the
Day
before
20
of
his
Men
had
had
the
same
Misfortune
.
So
that
every
Captain
complaining
in
that
manner
of
the
number
of
sick
Men
they
had
on
Board
their
respective
Ships
,
the
Deputies
,
and
the
Generals
of
the
Fleet
,
judged
thereupon
,
That
it
was
impossible
to
remedy
those
Disasters
,
and
that
therefore
it
was
best
for
them
to
retire
home
,
and
that
so
much
the
rather
,
because
the
English
appeared
not
at
Sea
,
and
that
the
Tempestuous
Weather
,
that
coming
on
with
the
Winter
,
would
not
permit
them
to
stay
any
longer
there
.
Pursuant
to
which
Resolution
,
6
light
Frigats
,
and
4
Galliots
were
detached
away
to
go
and
cruise
for
3
Days
at
the
Mouth
of
the
Thames
,
both
to
advertise
the
Ships
that
might
have
been
sent
from
Holland
to
the
Fleet
,
and
to
seek
out
the
Ships
that
belonged
to
the
Flag
,
to
give
them
notice
of
the
Departure
of
the
Fleet.
They
thought
likewise
fit
to
order
a
Squadron
of
18
Ships
,
whose
Men
were
as
yet
all
sound
,
to
keep
the
Sea
three
Weeks
longer
;
the
Command
of
which
was
given
to
Sweers
,
who
was
made
Rear-Admiral
of
the
Admiralty
of
Amsterdam
,
upon
the
Death
of
de
Wilde
.
He
had
Orders
to
cruise
about
the
Dogger
sand
till
the
beginning
of
December
,
and
to
do
his
best
to
go
to
meet
the
Ships
bound
homewards
from
the
East-Indies
,
and
that
were
expected
back
from
Norway
,
in
order
to
convoy
them
safe
home
;
and
at
the
same
time
,
to
have
an
Eye
upon
the
English
Merchant-Ships
,
coming
out
of
the
Sound
,
or
from
Hamborough
,
towards
the
Thames
,
or
that
should
come
out
of
the
Thames
,
to
go
towards
the
North
,
commanding
him
to
give
them
Chace
,
and
to
do
all
he
could
to
burn
them
,
sink
them
,
&c.
The
same
Day
,
viz.
the
1st
of
November
,
afternoon
,
the
Fleet
set
sail
,
and
tackt
about
,
and
stood
to
the
Eastward
.
Lieutenant
Admiral
Cornelius
Evertsz
led
the
Right
Wing
,
Lieutenant
Admiral
de
Vries
the
left
,
and
the
Squadrons
of
de
Ruiter
and
Tromp
composed
the
Main
Battle
.
The
next
Day
de
Ruiter
put
up
a
White
Flag
upon
his
Mizzen
Mast
,
and
fired
3
Guns
for
a
Signal
to
the
Squadrons
to
separate
.
The
Lieutenant
Admirals
,
Tromp
,
Evertsz
,
and
de
Vries
answered
the
Admiral
,
according
to
the
Order
settled
for
that
effect
,
each
of
them
with
7
Guns
,
Each
Vice-Admiral
with
5
,
and
each
Rear-Admiral
with
3.
And
then
Admiral
de
Ruiter
replied
to
all
those
Admirals
,
again
,
at
once
,
with
9
Guns
;
and
so
the
several
Squadrons
of
the
Fleet
quitted
one
another
about
Mid-way
towards
home
;
Tromp
made
towards
Goree
,
and
the
Meuse
,
the
Zealand
Squadron
towards
W●elingen
,
and
de
Ruiter
sailed
towards
the
Texel
and
the
Vlie
,
whither
also
went
Lieutenant
Admiral
Hiddes
de
Vries
,
with
the
Friesland
Ships
.
The
Lords
Deputies
of
the
States
having
quitted
de
Ruiter
,
landed
on
the
4th
of
November
in
a
Galliot
at
the
Helder
,
and
thence
went
to
the
Hague
,
where
they
made
their
Report
to
the
States
General
of
what
had
passed
in
that
Expedition
,
for
which
they
received
the
Thanks
of
their
High
and
Mightinesses
,
as
appears
by
the
following
Writing
.
Mr.
Huigens
,
Mr.
Pensionary
de
Wit
,
and
Mr.
John
Boreel
,
Deputies
Plenipotentiaries
of
their
High
and
Mightinesses
in
the
States
Fleet
,
have
made
a
Summary
Report
of
the
things
that
passed
in
the
last
Expedition
,
upon
which
the
States
having
deliberated
,
and
taken
into
Consideration
the
Care
and
Pains
the
said
Plenipotentiaries
have
therein
taken
,
as
well
as
the
Vigilance
and
good
Conduct
they
have
shewn
by
the
tender
Affection
they
have
exprest
for
their
Country
,
by
acting
Night
an
Day
,
as
far
as
God
,
and
the
State
of
Affairs
would
permit
them
,
with
an
indefatigable
Zeal
for
the
Good
of
the
State
,
their
High
and
Mightinesses
have
consequently
thankt
them
for
it
,
and
hereby
declare
themselves
perfectly
well
satisfied
with
their
Admin●strat●on
.
The
Dutch
Fleet
then
did
nothing
that
Expedition
,
but
cause
some
Alarms
upon
the
Coast
of
England
,
and
all
the
Honour
they
gained
by
it
was
only
that
of
having
offered
Battle
to
the
English
Fleet
,
whilst
they
kept
themselves
within
their
Harbours
,
as
being
debarred
by
a
raging
and
pestilent
Distemper
from
accepting
it
,
and
having
interrupted
the
Commerce
of
the
English
Merchants
,
by
keeping
the
Mouth
of
the
Thames
blockt
up
for
about
16
Days
together
.
In
the
mean
while
,
the
Negotiation
for
a
Peace
was
broke
off
;
for
the
French
King
,
who
had
offered
his
Mediation
,
finding
that
the
English
had
more
Inclination
to
continue
the
War
,
than
to
treat
with
the
Dutch
,
and
having
some
By-ends
of
his
own
upon
the
Hollanders
,
taking
a
Pretence
of
Dissatisfaction
against
the
English
,
because
their
Ships
daily
appeared
near
S.
Malo's
and
the
Coasts
of
Normandy
,
firing
upon
his
Subjects
,
and
committing
several
Attempts
against
them
,
contrary
to
the
Treaties
of
Alliance
and
Confederacy
he
had
with
the
King
of
England
,
recalled
the
Duke
of
Vernueil
,
the
Count
de
Conings
,
and
Mr.
Courtin
,
his
Ambassadors
from
that
Court
,
after
having
commanded
them
publickly
to
declare
to
the
King
of
England
,
which
they
accordingly
did
on
the
15th
of
October
at
Oxford
;
That
the
King
of
France
their
Master
,
seeing
all
the
Propositions
that
had
been
made
to
procure
an
Accommodation
between
the
2
contending
Nations
of
England
and
Holland
were
rejected
by
the
English
,
his
Majesty
was
resolved
to
assist
the
Hollanders
,
according
to
the
Treaty
of
Alliance
he
was
engaged
in
with
them
.
To
which
the
King
of
England
answered
coldly
enough
,
That
the
French
King
knew
his
own
Interest
,
and
so
did
the
King
of
England
know
his
too
.
So
that
the
French
Ambassadours
having
demanded
their
Audience
of
Leave
on
the
10th
of
December
,
embarkt
on
the
23d
of
the
same
Month
,
at
Dover
,
and
arrived
the
next
Day
at
S.
Valery
.
Hollis
likewise
,
the
English
Ambassadour
in
France
,
was
also
recalled
,
and
having
had
his
Audience
of
Leave
,
he
made
shew
as
if
he
would
depart
,
but
yet
took
the
Liberty
to
stay
6
Months
after
,
in
the
Kingdom
,
out
of
Paris
,
under
Pretence
of
his
Lady's
being
sick
.
The
French
King
having
notified
to
the
States
,
the
recalling
of
his
Ambassadours
out
of
England
,
they
sent
Order
to
the
Sieur
de
Goch
,
their
Ambassadour
at
the
Court
of
England
,
to
retire
likewise
immediately
.
For
tho'
Sir
George
Downing
,
Ambassadour
to
them
from
the
King
of
England
,
were
gone
from
Holland
ever
since
the
Month
of
August
,
yet
the
States
of
the
Vnited
Provinces
,
in
hopes
to
be
able
to
pacifie
,
in
an
amicable
manner
,
the
Troubles
that
had
newly
kindled
a
War
between
the
2
Nations
,
had
thitherto
deferred
the
Departure
of
the
Sieur
de
Goch
,
but
at
last
he
took
his
Audience
of
Leave
at
Oxford
,
and
delivered
at
the
same
time
to
the
King
,
the
following
Declaration
of
the
States
;
by
which
they
represented
to
his
Majesty
the
ardent
Passion
they
had
for
Peace
,
and
the
means
that
had
been
proposed
to
procure
it
.
The
Sieur
de
Goch
then
departed
,
on
the
26th
of
December
towards
Dover
,
where
he
embark'd
upon
one
of
the
King's
Ships
,
and
on
the
29th
of
the
same
Month
he
arrived
at
Flushing
,
from
whence
he
speeded
away
to
the
Hague
,
to
make
his
Report
to
their
High
and
Mightinesses
,
of
all
that
had
past
in
his
Negotiation
.
The
Letter
or
Declaration
from
the
States
,
left
by
him
with
the
King
of
England
was
in
these
Terms
.
SIR
,
George
Downing
,
in
a
Time
when
we
could
hardly
believe
,
that
Matters
would
ever
have
come
to
an
Extremity
;
yet
we
have
done
still
more
,
by
leaving
our
Ambassadour
in
England
,
after
the
taking
from
us
not
only
several
Places
,
but
some
whole
Provinces
belonging
to
the
States
in
both
Worlds
,
and
the
stopping
the
Ships
of
their
Subjects
in
the
Face
of
all
Christendom
,
and
that
without
any
previous
Declaration
of
War
.
By
an
effect
also
of
an
over-great
Confidence
,
neither
did
we
recal
our
Ambassadour
presently
after
your
Majesty
had
recalled
yours
,
in
hopes
you
would
at
last
be
pleased
to
make
some
Reflection
upon
the
Mischiefs
a
War
would
bring
upon
the
two
Nations
.
Your
Majesty
alone
is
Witness
of
the
advantageous
Propositions
that
have
been
made
you
,
in
order
to
attain
a
Good
and
Solid
Peace
.
We
have
offered
to
conclude
it
as
your
Majesty
should
desire
,
either
that
each
Party
should
restore
what
they
had
taken
from
each
other
,
or
else
that
if
England
should
think
that
best
for
its
Interests
,
each
side
should
keep
and
remain
in
possession
of
their
Conquests
,
and
that
with
this
Advantage
for
England
,
that
those
Propositions
might
have
been
accepted
by
your
People
at
a
Time
when
the
United
Provinces
as
yet
were
ignorant
what
had
been
taken
from
them
in
remote
Countries
.
To
which
may
be
added
,
that
it
cannot
be
said
,
That
we
flattered
our selves
with
the
Hopes
of
receiving
any
other
Fruit
from
thence
,
than
a
bare
indemnification
for
the
Losses
the
States
have
suffered
,
incomparably
greater
than
those
of
England
.
Notwithstanding
all
this
,
your
Majesty
has
not
only
refused
to
accept
all
these
advantageous
Conditions
,
which
may
convince
you
of
the
sincere
Desire
the
States
have
for
a
Peace
.
But
further
,
were
not
pleased
to
be
satisfied
with
those
other
Proposals
so
disadvantageous
to
the
States
,
offered
you
by
the
Mediation
of
France
,
which
they
never
consented
to
.
Besides
,
your
Majesty
would
never
make
,
or
order
any
one
to
make
,
the
least
Overture
on
your
Side
,
of
any
Conditions
upon
which
you
pretended
to
enter
into
Negotiation
with
the
States
:
And
tho'
you
have
been
pleased
to
testifie
to
our
Ambassadour
,
That
you
desired
nothing
so
heartily
as
Peace
,
yet
you
would
never
determine
to
make
choice
of
any
means
by
which
it
might
be
attained
,
or
explain
your
Mind
clearly
thereupon
,
either
to
him
or
to
the
other
Mediators
.
We
are
persuaded
,
there
is
no
Christian
Prince
in
Europe
who
would
not
chuse
rather
at
all
times
to
prefer
the
Sweetness
of
a
good
Peace
before
the
Mischiefs
of
a
Cruel
War
,
how
just
soever
it
may
be
;
and
we
make
thereupon
the
same
Judgment
of
your
Majesty's
Sentiments
,
since
you
exercise
the
same
Religion
with
us
.
But
reflecting
upon
your
Majesty's
manner
of
dealing
with
our
Ambassador
,
in
contempt
even
of
those
advantageous
Propositions
made
you
by
the
French
Ambassadours
,
tho'
they
were
altogether
contrary
to
the
true
Interests
of
our
State
,
in
that
you
would
never
vouchsafe
to
make
any
advances
that
might
serve
for
a
Ground
for
us
to
treat
upon
together
,
we
thought
then
that
our
Ambassadour
could
no
longer
stay
in
the
Court
of
England
,
without
Injury
to
the
Reputation
of
the
State
;
and
therefore
have
thought
fit
to
recal
him
,
and
that
so
much
the
rather
,
because
by
recalling
yours
,
has
been
pleased
to
let
us
know
you
would
not
take
it
ill
at
our
Hands
.
This
shall
not
hinder
,
but
that
we
shall
ever
retain
a
sincere
desire
to
come
to
a
good
Accommodation
,
as
soon
as
we
shall
have
Opportunity
to
do
it
,
in
conjunction
with
our
Allies
.
In
the
mean
while
,
we
shall
wait
the
time
till
it
shall
please
God
to
inspire
your
Majesty
with
such
Sentiments
as
may
dispose
you
to
declare
what
your
will
is
,
and
what
are
the
Conditions
that
may
reconcile
us
,
that
we
may
stop
and
prevent
the
Effusion
of
so
much
Christian
Blood
,
which
is
now
spilt
,
and
still
ready
to
be
spilt
in
this
unhappy
Quarrel
.
We
can
say
,
That
we
shall
not
be
responsible
for
it
,
since
both
before
and
since
the
Rupture
,
we
have
done
all
we
could
imagine
to
be
just
and
reasonable
,
and
that
could
be
expected
from
us
,
and
that
we
are
still
actually
in
the
same
Mind
,
and
yet
without
ever
having
been
able
hitherto
to
find
out
what
your
Majesty's
Intention
is
upon
that
Subject
.
We
will
therefore
wait
till
you
have
more
Inclination
for
Peace
;
but
yet
it
were
to
be
wisht
,
you
would
be
brought
to
those
good
Thoughts
of
your
own
accord
,
without
staying
till
the
Mischiefs
and
Disasters
that
are
now
ready
to
afflict
Christendom
,
inspire
them
into
you
.
We
pray
God
to
avert
them
,
and
to
take
,
Sir
,
your
Majesty's
Sacred
Person
into
his
holy
Protection
.
The
Threats
made
by
the
French
Ambassadours
at
Oxford
,
to
the
King
of
England
,
were
soon
followed
by
a
Declaration
of
War
from
that
Crown
.
For
Mr.
Van
Beuningen
,
Ambassadour
from
the
States
at
the
Court
of
France
,
had
a
long
time
before
powerfully
sollicited
them
to
declare
,
by
vertue
of
the
Treaty
of
Alliance
,
concluded
in
the
Month
of
April
,
1662.
with
the
Vnited
Provinces
;
urging
them
out
of
Hand
to
unite
their
Forces
with
those
of
the
States
against
the
King
of
Great
Britain
,
the
Violater
of
the
Peace
.
Upon
which
the
Most
Christian
King
,
being
easily
Persuaded
that
the
best
way
for
him
to
bend
the
King
of
England
to
a
pliable
Temper
to
him
,
and
to
make
his
Ends
upon
both
Nations
,
was
to
declare
War
against
the
English
in
that
Juncture
,
published
the
following
Declaration
.
The
French
King's
Declaration
of
War
against
England
.
HIS
Majesty
being
informed
,
there
was
some
mis-understanding
between
England
,
and
the
United
Provinces
,
gave
order
to
his
Ambassadors
in
ordinary
,
to
employ
all
imaginable
care
in
his
name
,
to
endeavour
to
stifle
all
those
troubles
in
their
birth
,
and
having
with
displeasure
heard
,
that
things
were
carried
to
that
extremity
as
to
come
to
a
Rupture
,
his
Majesty
sent
Extraordinary
Ambassadors
to
the
King
of
Great
Britain
,
to
endeavour
by
new
Instances
to
pacifie
those
two
powers
,
and
induce
them
to
come
to
some
Accommodations
;
but
his
mediation
had
not
all
the
success
that
was
to
be
wisht
for
.
In
the
mean
while
,
the
States
General
of
the
United
Provinces
strongly
soliciting
his
Majesty
to
execute
the
Treaty
of
a
defensive
Alliance
concluded
the
7th
.
of
April
,
1662
,
between
the
States
and
his
said
Majesty
,
the
King
finding
himself
thereupon
obliged
to
perform
his
Royal
Word
,
and
the
Engagements
into
which
he
entred
by
an
Authentick
League
in
a
time
when
England
and
Holland
were
as
yet
in
good
understanding
together
,
and
out
of
all
appearance
of
a
Rupture
;
his
Majesty
has
declared
,
and
does
declare
by
these
presents
,
signed
with
his
own
hand
,
that
he
is
resolved
to
assist
the
said
States
General
of
the
United
Provinces
,
in
pursuance
of
the
said
Treaty
of
a
defensive
League
,
and
to
joyn
all
his
Forces
to
theirs
,
in
Order
to
Act
joyntly
with
them
against
the
English
as
well
by
Sea
as
by
Land
.
And
for
that
effect
his
Majesty
Commands
expresly
all
his
Subjects
and
Ships
,
to
attack
and
fight
the
English
,
forbidding
them
on
pain
of
death
to
have
any
Communication
,
Commerce
,
or
Intelligence
with
them
.
And
for
those
ends
,
His
Majesty
has
revoked
,
and
does
revoke
all
permissions
,
Pass-ports
,
Safe-guards
,
or
safe-Conducts
,
which
may
have
been
granted
by
him
,
or
by
his
Lieutenants
General
,
and
other
Officers
,
contrary
to
these
presents
;
declaring
them
null
,
and
of
no
effect
,
forbidding
all
to
whom
they
shall
come
,
to
have
any
regard
to
them
.
And
his
Majesty
commands
the
Duke
of
Beaufort
,
Peer
of
France
,
Great
Master
,
Chief
,
and
Super-intendent
General
of
Marine
Affairs
,
and
of
the
Commerce
of
France
;
and
likewise
to
the
Marshals
of
France
,
to
the
Governours
and
Lieutenant
Generals
of
his
Majesty
,
as
well
those
of
his
Provinces
,
as
of
his
Armies
,
to
Camp
Marshals
,
Brigadeers
,
Colonels
,
Captains
,
and
other
Commanders
of
his
Troops
,
as
well
Infantry
as
Cavalry
,
French
,
or
Strangers
,
and
to
all
other
Officers
to
whom
it
appertains
,
to
lend
a
hand
to
the
Execution
of
these
presents
,
every
one
in
his
place
,
and
his
Jurisdiction
.
For
such
is
the
pleasure
of
his
Majesty
.
Who
likewise
wills
that
these
presents
be
published
and
fixed
up
in
all
his
Towns
,
upon
Sea
,
and
elsewhere
,
in
all
the
Ports
and
other
places
of
his
Kingdom
,
where
it
is
necessary
,
that
none
may
plead
cause
of
Ignorance
,
and
that
to
the
Copy
of
them
duly
compared
,
the
same
credit
be
given
as
to
the
Original
.
In
the
month
of
February
following
,
the
United
Provinces
concluded
another
strict
Alliance
with
Denmark
,
in
Consequence
of
which
,
orders
were
sent
to
Funen
,
into
Holstein
,
Jutland
,
and
Norway
,
to
lay
an
Embargo
upon
all
Danish
Ships
,
and
to
forbid
them
to
stir
out
of
their
Ports
,
that
so
by
that
means
the
Danish
Fleet
might
be
the
more
expeditiously
equipt
and
Armed
out
.
The
Articles
of
that
Treaty
were
.
-
I.
THat
each
party
should
absolutely
desist
from
all
pretensions
they
might
have
one
upon
the
other
.
-
II.
That
all
manner
of
mis-understanding
in
Norway
should
be
laid
asleep
and
forgot
.
-
III.
That
the
States
General
should
engage
to
pay
to
his
Danish
Majesty
1500000
Livers
per
annum
,
as
long
as
the
War
against
England
should
continue
,
of
which
the
French
should
be
obliged
to
pay
300000
Livers
yearly
for
their
part
:
For
which
sum
,
the
King
of
Denmark
should
engage
on
his
side
,
to
maintain
a
Fleet
at
Sea
of
30
Ships
of
War
,
of
which
some
should
be
furnished
with
a
sufficient
number
of
Regular
Troops
,
to
be
employed
in
the
Service
of
the
States
,
when
they
should
need
them
.
That
Treaty
was
a
stroke
of
Thunder
to
the
English
,
who
were
the
more
sensibly
concerned
at
it
,
because
they
had
not
heard
the
least
inkling
of
it
,
till
they
heard
of
its
conclusion
.
For
Dreyer
the
Secretary
of
the
King
of
Denmark's
Embassy
in
Holland
,
was
sent
incognito
by
the
Ministers
of
that
Prince
that
were
at
the
Hague
Mr.
Catisius
,
and
Mr.
Klingenberg
,
immediately
after
the
Conclusion
of
the
Treaty
,
to
the
King
their
Master
,
to
present
it
to
him
and
get
his
Ratification
,
after
which
the
Secretary
came
back
again
with
all
expedition
to
the
Hague
.
This
politick
silence
was
the
cause
,
that
the
English
Resident
at
the
Court
of
Denmark
had
not
time
to
advertise
the
Merchants
of
his
Nation
of
it
,
so
that
all
their
effects
were
seized
and
confiscated
throughout
the
whole
extent
of
the
Kingdom
.
It
's
true
the
Danes
proceedings
on
that
occasion
had
some
appearance
of
Justice
and
Equity
,
because
the
English
from
the
very
time
they
made
that
Hostile
attempt
of
which
we
have
spoken
,
upon
the
Port
of
Bergen
in
Norway
,
had
not
only
seized
on
the
Danes
Ships
and
Merchandizes
,
but
had
likewise
taken
their
men
Prisoners
,
so
that
the
Crown
of
Denmark
in
that
Rencounter
seemed
to
do
no
more
than
to
use
Reprisals
,
had
it
not
afterwards
appeared
,
that
they
had
dealt
perfidiously
in
that
matter
with
the
King
of
England
,
and
secretly
invited
him
to
that
Enterprize
for
which
they
afterwards
declared
War
against
him
.
In
the
mean
time
the
United
Provinces
,
in
order
to
facilitate
the
Arming
and
manning
out
the
Fleet
,
publish'd
on
the
1st
.
of
February
an
Ordinance
,
forbidding
all
Merchant
Ships
,
and
Fishing
vessels
,
to
stir
out
of
their
Harbours
,
upon
pain
of
Confiscation
of
their
said
Ships
and
Goods
:
They
likewise
forbad
the
great
and
small
Fishery
under
the
same
penalties
and
the
Ordinance
for
forbidding
the
Greenland
Fishery
,
was
also
renewed
.
But
the
States
however
,
declared
that
their
intention
in
all
those
prohibitions
,
was
to
find
them
subsistance
all
the
year
,
without
any
alteration
even
after
the
Fleet
should
be
gone
out
,
&c.
About
that
time
,
Tromp
signified
to
the
States
that
he
should
be
glad
if
they
would
please
to
change
his
Quality
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
of
Holland
and
West-Friesland
,
or
of
the
College
of
the
Admiralty
of
the
Meuse
into
that
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
of
the
College
of
the
Admiralty
of
Amsterdam
,
which
request
the
States
granted
upon
Condition
he
got
the
consent
of
both
those
Admiralties
thereunto
:
so
that
having
obtained
it
,
on
the
6th
.
of
February
,
he
was
created
Lieutenant
Admiral
of
the
College
of
the
Admiralty
of
Amsterdam
;
and
on
the
24th
.
of
the
same
month
,
Vice
Admiral
Aart
Van
Nes
,
succeeded
him
in
quality
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
of
the
Meuse
,
and
Captain
John
Van
Nes
was
made
Rear
Admiral
.
In
the
mean
while
the
English
being
sensible
of
the
great
Force
of
so
powerfull
a
League
,
made
very
great
preparations
for
War
on
their
side
,
and
exerted
as
we
may
say
the
utmost
of
their
efforts
to
make
a
vigorous
resistance
:
But
because
money
was
wanting
they
were
forced
to
borrow
1250000
l.
Sterling
more
at
great
Interest
,
and
besides
to
help
towards
the
defraying
of
the
extraordinary
charges
of
the
War
the
two
East
-
India
Ships
,
viz.
the
Phoenix
,
and
the
Fort
of
Huningen
taken
from
the
Hollanders
were
sold
,
which
yielded
the
sum
of
1600000
l.
And
because
the
French
King
had
first
declared
War
against
England
,
the
King
of
Great
Britain
who
was
no
less
Jealous
of
his
honour
than
the
Monsieur
,
published
likewise
a
Declaration
against
that
Crown
,
in
the
following
Terms
.
The
King
of
England's
Declaration
of
War
against
France
.
WHereas
the
French
under
pretence
of
a
defensive
League
concluded
with
the
States
General
of
the
United
Provinces
accuses
us
of
having
violated
the
Peace
,
though
all
Europe
be
well
enough
informed
of
the
contrary
;
And
upon
that
Ground
,
has
declared
War
against
us
on
the
26th
.
of
January
last
,
making
himself
thereby
the
Aggressor
and
Infractour
of
the
Peace
which
we
have
always
desired
to
preserve
with
the
said
States
,
on
whose
behalf
the
Ambassadors
of
the
most
Christian
King
never
offered
any
indemnification
for
the
losses
suffered
by
our
Subjects
,
nor
given
any
Guarrantees
for
the
security
of
their
Commerce
for
the
future
:
We
therefore
trusting
in
the
Almighty
power
of
God
,
and
in
the
justice
of
our
cause
,
and
being
likewise
assured
of
the
Bravery
and
Fidelity
of
our
Subjects
,
have
thought
fit
for
their
Common
security
,
to
declare
,
that
we
are
resolved
to
carry
on
the
War
vigorously
,
by
employing
all
our
Forces
as
well
by
Sea
as
by
Land
,
against
France
,
which
has
newly
begun
it
with
us
,
against
all
the
Laws
of
Justice
.
And
to
that
end
,
we
Command
our
Royal
Brother
Lord
High
Admiral
of
England
,
and
our
Trusty
and
well
beloved
Cousin
and
Councellor
,
George
Duke
of
Albemarle
,
General
of
our
Armies
by
Land
,
our
Lords
Lieutenants
of
Counties
,
Governours
of
Provinces
,
and
all
other
inferiour
Officers
and
Soldiers
,
under
their
Commands
as
well
by
Sea
as
by
Land
,
to
oppose
all
the
Enterprizes
of
the
French
King
and
his
Subjects
;
And
for
the
more
effectual
putting
in
execution
all
manner
of
Acts
of
Hostility
against
the
said
French
King
,
his
Ships
,
or
Subjects
,
we
hereby
most
expresly
forbid
all
our
Subjects
to
hold
any
Correspondence
with
them
upon
pain
of
death
,
excepting
those
who
shall
be
forced
so
to
do
;
to
get
their
Goods
safe
out
of
the
Enemies
Country
.
And
whereas
there
are
in
our
Kingdom
,
a
great
Number
of
the
Subjects
of
France
,
and
of
the
United
Provinces
we
hereby
Declare
,
and
give
our
Royal
Word
,
that
all
Persons
of
the
said
Nations
,
which
shall
submit
to
our
Obedience
,
without
holding
any
intelligence
with
our
Enemies
,
whatsoever
they
be
,
shall
be
defended
and
protected
in
their
Goods
and
Persons
.
And
moreover
,
we
declare
,
that
all
French
or
Dutch
Subjects
,
who
out
of
love
to
our
Government
or
by
reason
of
the
Calamities
they
may
be
made
to
suffer
in
their
own
Country
,
shall
retire
into
our
Kingdom
for
refuge
,
shall
be
favoured
with
our
protection
,
as
well
in
their
Goods
as
Persons
,
and
especially
those
of
the
Reformed
Religion
,
whose
Interests
we
shall
ever
dearly
tender
,
&c.
In
the
mean
while
,
the
French
being
,
as
they
are
always
,
diligent
in
making
their
preparations
,
put
out
their
Fleet
to
Sea
at
the
very
beginning
of
April
,
consisting
of
30
Men
of
War
12
Galliots
,
and
10
Fire-ships
,
who
were
joined
with
6
of
the
States
ships
under
the
Command
of
Gedeon
Verburg
,
and
Captain
Ooms
.
The
Duke
of
Beauford
Admiral
of
France
,
had
orders
from
the
King
his
Master
,
to
enter
the
Channel
,
and
join
the
Holland
Fleet.
And
accordingly
appearing
upon
the
Coasts
of
England
,
he
put
them
in
alarm
,
and
made
a
descent
in
several
places
,
and
carried
off
a
few
sheep
,
and
some
other
small
Booty
,
which
was
all
the
service
he
did
the
Hollanders
whom
he
never
joined
,
or
the
harm
he
did
the
English
,
whom
he
nevea
fought
,
save
only
that
by
sculking
about
,
and
keeping
the
Enemy
in
fears
however
that
he
would
join
the
Dutch
he
caused
the
English
to
divide
their
Force
and
send
a
part
after
him
where
he
was
not
to
be
found
,
and
so
gave
opportunity
to
the
Hollanders
to
batter
and
distress
the
other
part
,
with
their
whole
Force
,
and
to
obtain
such
an
advantage
over
the
English
,
as
they
could
never
do
when
their
Forces
were
United
.
And
the
Hollanders
paid
dear
for
that
advantage
too
:
for
under
pretence
of
their
small
services
in
that
War
,
the
French
cunningly
wheedled
them
to
build
them
a
great
Number
of
men
of
War
,
with
which
they
afterwards
scourged
them
at
Palermo
.
The
English
and
Hollanders
both
,
in
so
pressing
an
occasion
,
had
great
need
of
Seamen
,
to
perfect
the
Compliments
of
their
ships
;
which
obliged
the
English
to
consent
to
the
Exchange
of
Prisoners
,
man
for
man
,
which
they
would
never
be
perswaded
to
do
before
,
by
all
the
Instances
and
Sollicitations
the
Dutch
could
make
for
that
effect
.
But
because
the
Number
of
the
Dutch
Prisoners
in
England
,
was
much
greater
than
that
of
the
English
,
in
the
United
Provinces
,
tho
many
of
the
former
perisht
by
the
Plague
,
Famine
,
and
other
Hardships
they
were
made
to
suffer
,
they
drew
them
out
by
Lot
,
which
they
that
got
were
delivered
,
and
those
that
met
with
Blanks
remained
in
Captivity
and
Misery
.
A
little
time
after
,
viz.
On
the
1st
.
of
May
,
War
was
likewise
declared
against
the
English
by
sound
of
Trumpet
,
at
Bergen
in
Norway
,
by
order
of
the
King
of
Denmark
.
In
the
mean
while
the
English
,
having
used
all
the
diligence
imaginable
to
get
their
Navy
Equipt
,
put
it
to
Sea
about
the
end
of
May
,
which
consisted
of
81
men
of
War
,
21085
men
,
and
4460
Guns
,
and
was
divided
into
3
Great
Squadrons
;
the
first
of
which
being
the
Red
one
was
Commanded
by
Prince
Robert
and
General
Monk
.
The
White
Squadron
was
Conducted
by
Sir
George
Ayschew
,
and
the
Blew
one
by
Sir
Thomas
Allen.
As
soon
as
the
Holland
Fleet
had
advice
,
that
the
English
Navy
was
at
Sea
,
they
weigh'd
Anchor
on
the
1st
.
of
June
,
being
then
96
sail
strong
of
men
of
War
,
and
carrying
4716
Guns
,
and
20642
men
,
and
was
Commanded
in
chief
by
Lieutenant
Admiral
de
Ruiter
.
And
on
the
11th
.
of
June
the
two
Fleets
met
,
and
fought
that
celebrated
Battle
of
4
days
,
the
memory
of
which
ought
to
be
preserved
to
all
posterity
,
as
well
for
the
unexampled
Bravery
of
the
English
tho'
overpowered
by
Numbers
,
because
divided
in
Force
,
as
for
the
dear
bought
advantage
of
the
Hollanders
in
it
,
which
yet
was
far
from
meriting
the
name
of
a
Victory
,
tho'
State
policy
required
it
should
be
bragged
of
and
proclaimed
Abroad
as
one
no
less
than
of
the
most
Absolute
sort
.
How
the
Dutch
Reported
of
that
Famous
Action
,
may
be
seen
by
the
following
Letters
and
Relations
:
whereof
the
first
is
A
Letter
written
to
the
College
of
the
Admiralty
of
Amsterdam
,
by
Hondius
,
Captain
on
board
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
,
and
dated
the
12th
.
of
June
New
stile
from
Goree
,
whither
the
Ship
Hollandia
in
which
he
was
,
was
brought
in
after
the
fight
.
ON
the
11th
.
of
June
,
at
the
break
of
day
,
being
come
to
an
Anchor
to
the
North-West-ward
,
and
at
9
or
10
miles
distance
from
Ostend
,
our
Advanced
guards
that
were
detach'd
to
go
out
to
discover
the
Enemy
,
came
back
to
the
Fleet
,
and
brought
us
word
,
that
the
English
Navy
was
to
the
Windward
of
us
;
and
a
little
after
,
we
saw
10
of
their
scout-Ships
,
who
as
soon
as
they
had
viewed
us
tacked
about
,
and
steered
back
to
the
North-west-ward
to
rejoyn
their
Grand
Fleets
.
The
wind
being
turn'd
to
the
South-West
,
and
South-West
and
a
Quarter
to
the
West
,
begun
to
grow
high
,
and
the
Sea
to
swell
.
In
the
mean
time
,
all
was
ready
for
giving
the
English
battle
,
and
our
Ships
faced
those
of
the
Enemy
that
were
to
the
Wind-ward
.
After
noon
,
we
perceived
the
Enemies
Fleet
consisting
of
about
70
men
of
War
,
making
directly
towards
us
.
At
that
time
,
we
were
,
as
I
have
said
,
still
at
Anchor
;
and
because
the
Wind
was
high
and
the
Sea
was
somewhat
rough
,
we
thought
the
English
had
the
Weather-gage
,
and
would
likewise
come
and
cast
Anchor
,
but
they
instead
of
that
,
after
they
had
faced
our
Fleet
a
while
,
fell
to
rights
upon
us
;
which
hapning
whilst
we
were
busy
in
unmooring
,
and
had
our
Anchors
yet
but
half
up
,
we
were
forced
to
cut
our
Cables
in
all
haste
,
because
the
Enemy
was
already
come
within
Cannon
shot
of
us
.
without
losing
time
then
we
hoisted
our
Main-Sails
and
saluted
the
Vice
Admiral
of
the
White
,
who
was
on
our
right
hand
,
with
some
Guns
;
and
then
the
Enemy
begun
to
fire
likewise
,
they
which
were
nearest
us
answering
us
each
of
them
with
a
broad
side
.
Our
Fleet
,
but
especially
the
Squadrons
of
the
Lieutenant
Admirals
,
Evertsz
and
de
Vries
,
which
according
to
the
Order
given
were
to
have
been
to
the
Wind-ward
,
were
fallen
to
Leeward
,
and
were
the
hindermost
of
all
the
Fleet
:
But
a
little
while
after
,
upon
a
Signal
we
made
to
them
to
follow
us
in
their
due
rank
,
they
advanced
in
good
Order
.
The
English
Admiral
putting
up
a
Royal
Flag
,
attack'd
us
behind
;
but
he
was
so
vigorously
charged
by
the
Ships
that
followed
us
,
that
he
was
forced
to
tack
about
to
the
North-ward
,
which
made
him
with
some
of
his
followers
,
fall
into
our
Fleet
,
which
caused
a
great
deal
of
disorder
in
the
English
Fleet.
A
Fiery
Bullet
from
the
Enemies
set
fire
to
the
Right
side
of
our
Gallery
,
which
we
had
much
ado
to
quench
.
The
Vice
Admiral
of
the
Red
,
observing
that
the
abovesaid
Admiral
that
carried
the
Royal
or
Union
Flag
,
whose
Main
mast
was
shot
down
,
had
tackt
about
,
would
fain
have
followed
him
;
but
being
already
very
much
shattered
,
it
was
impossible
for
him
to
do
it
.
The
Vice
Admiral
of
the
White
having
followed
the
motion
we
made
to
the
South-ward
,
was
about
the
distance
of
a
Musket
shot
from
us
,
who
being
attackt
by
Solomonsz
and
de
Haan
,
was
extreamly
endamaged
:
For
his
main
sail
was
shot
to
pieces
,
so
that
seeing
himself
in
such
a
pitifull
condition
he
fired
some
Guns
without
Bullet
,
to
advertize
his
followers
to
come
in
to
his
Assistance
;
but
they
making
as
if
they
heard
him
not
,
betook
themselves
to
flight
,
and
left
him
in
the
danger
.
And
then
we
thought
we
might
conveniently
grapple
him
in
Order
to
board
him
;
But
Captain
Solomonsz
Ship
falling
foul
just
in
that
nick
,
upon
ours
,
we
were
entangled
for
some
time
together
,
but
however
soon
after
we
got
free
of
one
another
without
damage
.
In
the
mean
time
the
aforesaid
English
Vice-Admiral
,
making
use
of
that
opportunity
,
was
fled
away
,
in
Company
with
some
other
English
Ships
;
which
being
pursued
by
ours
,
were
taken
;
And
the
Vice-Admiral
of
the
White
was
forced
to
surrender
himself
to
Captain
Adriansz
who
had
grappled
him
.
During
all
the
time
of
the
fight
,
we
vigorously
charged
the
English
Navy
together
with
our
whole
Fleet
,
till
at
last
our
masts
were
shot
close
by
the
Board
,
and
our
Mizzen
and
Fore-Masts
tumbled
into
the
Sea
;
so
that
our
Ship
being
quite
disabled
and
out
of
a
condition
to
make
any
more
Resistance
,
Admiral
Tromp
leapt
into
a
Galliot
,
to
go
on
board
some
other
Ship
,
after
he
had
recommended
to
his
Officers
,
that
they
would
take
care
to
save
the
Hull
of
his
Ship
by
carrying
it
into
the
first
Harbour
they
met
with
,
we
were
brought
in
hither
to
day
by
the
Asperen
Frigat
,
&c.
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
having
removed
himself
on
Board
the
Vtrecht
,
writ
also
the
following
Letter
in
haste
,
to
the
States
,
dated
the
14th
of
June
.
High
and
Mighty
Lords
,
TIll
at
present
by
the
protection
of
God
,
we
are
Masters
of
the
Victory
.
Yesterday
the
English
,
to
the
Number
of
30
men
of
War
,
Royal
Charles
to
yield
himself
and
Ship
,
which
carries
90
Brass
Guns
.
I
was
then
on
board
Rear-Admiral
Sweers
;
but
after
we
had
taken
her
,
we
burnt
her
.
The
Enemies
Fleet
is
now
coming
up
to
us
again
,
being
Re-inforced
with
22
men
of
War
,
great
and
small
;
12
of
our
Ships
that
were
scattered
,
are
come
in
again
to
the
Admiral
,
so
that
we
are
still
70
sail
strong
,
and
what
is
more
considerable
,
God
be
thanked
,
is
that
they
are
all
full
of
Courage
.
We
flatter
our selves
with
the
hopes
by
the
Protection
of
Heaven
,
to
bring
things
to
a
happy
issue
.
I
beseech
your
High
and
Mightinesses
to
be
pleased
to
excuse
me
for
sending
you
no
more
particulars
,
because
time
is
now
so
precious
to
us
.
Admiral
de
Ruiter
being
on
board
the
Ship
called
,
the
7
Provinces
,
writ
also
the
following
Letter
to
the
States
dated
the
14th
.
of
June
.
High
and
Mighty
Lords
,
SInce
my
last
of
the
10th
.
of
this
Month
,
we
had
a
Calm
all
night
,
and
on
the
11th
.
in
the
morning
,
the
Wind
rising
higher
,
turned
to
the
South-West
,
which
induced
us
to
hasten
to
go
and
Anchor
between
Dunkirk
,
and
the
North
of
these
Provinces
.
About
9
a
Clock
our
Advanced
guards
gave
us
notice
by
the
appointed
signal
,
that
they
had
discovered
the
Enemies
Fleet.
At
10
a
Clock
the
mizzen-mast
and
Bolt-sprit
of
Colonel
de
Gent's
Ship
being
blown
into
the
Sea
by
the
violence
of
the
Wind
,
we
Ordered
him
to
retire
into
the
first
secure
Harbour
.
At
11
we
discovered
the
English
Fleet
making
towards
us
whose
Admiral
carried
on
his
Main-mast
top
the
Union
Flag
of
England
,
and
the
Red
Flag
on
his
Mizzen-mast
top
,
and
upon
occasion
for
a
signal
he
sometimes
put
up
a
third
upon
his
Poop
,
without
any
blew
in
it
.
The
Lieutenant
Admiral
carried
a
White
Flag
on
his
Main-mast
,
without
any
blew
.
There
were
3
Vice-Admirals
,
and
Rear-Admirals
that
carried
White
and
Blew
Flags
.
The
whole
Number
of
the
Ships
that
composed
their
Fleet
was
70
sail
great
and
small
.
We
expected
their
charge
at
Anchor
,
because
the
Wind
was
so
high
and
the
Sea
so
rough
that
we
could
not
possibly
weigh
;
so
that
when
the
English
came
within
Cannon
shot
of
us
,
we
cut
our
Cables
,
by
which
means
we
lost
each
of
us
an
Anchor
,
and
one
or
two
Cables
.
About
noon
,
the
fight
begun
by
the
Squadron
of
Admiral
Tromp
and
Van
Meppelen
,
who
were
the
foremost
advanced
on
my
left
hand
.
The
English
had
the
Weather-gage
,
and
we
were
to
Leeward
,
which
gave
us
the
more
advantage
to
fire
our
lower
tires
of
Guns
:
After
we
had
fought
in
that
manner
about
three
hours
,
with
almost
equal
loss
on
both
sides
,
the
English
tackt
about
to
the
North-ward
;
and
then
the
Vice-Admiral
of
the
White
,
and
two
or
three
other
English
Ships
were
separated
from
the
body
of
their
Fleet
,
they
being
so
much
shattered
,
that
they
were
not
able
to
follow
them
;
so
that
the
Captains
,
Vander
Zaan
,
Adriansz
,
and
Van
Amstel
pursuing
them
close
,
took
them
.
These
are
all
the
particulars
I
know
.
About
that
time
Admiral
Tromp's
Ship
having
lost
her
Masts
,
I
found
by
the
hoisting
of
his
Flag
on
board
another
Ship
,
that
he
had
been
obliged
to
change
his
Ship
.
I
perceived
likewise
,
that
a
Ship
of
my
Squadron
,
Commanded
by
Captain
Otho
Treslong
in
which
were
the
Prince
of
Monaco
,
and
the
Count
de
Guiche
,
with
their
retinue
as
Volunteers
,
was
all
on
fire
caused
by
some
stopples
;
upon
which
,
those
Lords
fearing
the
fire
might
get
to
the
powder-room
,
and
blow
up
the
Ship
retired
on
Board
my
Son-in-Law
John
Gelders
Ship
,
from
whence
they
came
on
board
me
on
the
12
in
the
morning
.
The
English
having
as
we
have
said
,
tackt
about
to
the
North-ward
,
Admiral
Evertsz
and
de
Vries
went
on
and
charged
them
again
,
whilst
we
were
repairing
our
damages
.
And
the
Enemies
finding
themselves
to
the
Wind-ward
of
some
of
our
Ships
,
the
English
Admiral
General
followed
by
several
of
his
Ships
,
and
some
of
the
General
Officers
of
his
Navy
,
came
to
an
Anchor
,
thinking
to
rally
his
Squadrons
,
and
to
stop
the
holes
of
such
of
his
Ships
as
had
been
pierced
with
Bullets
.
But
when
he
saw
us
make
a
tack
towards
him
,
he
cut
his
Cables
and
advanced
towards
us
with
much
Resolution
.
We
received
him
as
we
ought
,
and
having
intercepted
their
Rear
Admiral
of
the
White
,
I
sent
up
my
Fire
Ship
to
burn
him
;
but
they
shoved
her
off
with
Oars
and
Iron
Leavers
as
they
did
likewise
another
Fire-Ship
of
Zealand
;
however
,
near
200
of
his
Men
,
for
fear
of
the
flames
,
leapt
into
the
Sea
,
and
Admiral
Evertsz
kept
close
to
him
till
the
last
shot
he
fired
.
In
fine
that
English
Rear-Admirals
ship
,
called
the
Injury
sunk
,
but
we
know
not
whether
any
of
the
rest
of
the
men
that
staid
on
board
her
,
were
saved
or
no.
She
carried
54
Brass
,
and
20
Iron
Guns
,
and
400
Men.
The
night
parted
the
Fray
,
and
we
passed
it
in
repairing
our
Ships
,
charging
our
Cartridges
,
and
casting
out
all
incumbrances
.
On
the
12th
.
at
break
of
day
,
the
English
having
the
Weather-gage
came
powring
upon
us
again
.
The
fight
was
furious
and
bloody
,
and
the
two
Fleets
having
broken
through
one
another
twice
,
at
the
third
time
,
Admiral
Tromp
,
and
Vice
Admiral
Vander
Hulst
,
and
some
other
ships
of
their
Squadron
,
fell
into
the
main
body
of
the
English
,
where
they
fought
most
desperately
.
I
seeing
the
danger
they
were
in
,
put
a
Red
Flag
for
a
signal
,
to
the
whole
Dutch
Fleet
to
Advance
and
Fall
upon
the
Enemy
;
which
was
put
in
Execution
.
Our
Ships
were
extreamly
endamaged
by
the
stout
resistance
the
English
made
.
Captain
Solomonsz's
Ship
being
fastned
upon
by
an
English
Fire-ship
,
was
blown
up
,
but
most
of
his
men
were
saved
;
and
the
ships
of
Vice
Admiral
Vander
Hulst
,
and
Captain
de
Haan
being
both
disabled
were
forced
to
retire
into
the
next
Harbour
.
In
the
mean
while
the
two
Fleets
broke
through
one
another
twice
more
and
the
last
time
my
main
Top-mast
and
Admirals
Flag
were
shot
down
.
Afternoon
the
Enemies
betook
themselves
to
flight
,
and
their
Defeat
continued
all
night
,
they
Retreating
towards
the
Thames
.
On
the
13th
.
of
the
same
month
,
being
re-inforced
with
a
Squadron
,
of
20
light
Frigats
,
amongst
which
were
3
or
4
great
ships
,
they
renewed
the
fight
,
but
the
night
parted
us
.
The
Admiral
's
Ship
of
the
White
,
being
ready
to
sink
,
we
burnt
her
.
Admiral
Ayschew
and
his
men
were
saved
by
one
of
our
Ships
.
This
morning
having
called
on
board
the
Admirals
Ship
,
all
the
Captains
of
the
Fleet
we
have
resolved
to
pursue
the
Victory
,
in
hopes
that
God
will
bless
our
Arms
with
a
Compleat
one
.
I
cannot
yet
be
informed
of
the
particulars
of
our
Losses
,
any
more
than
of
those
of
the
Enemies
.
But
I
know
very
well
,
that
whilst
we
pursued
them
,
we
could
scarcely
count
—
or
40
of
their
Ships
together
before
they
received
a
Reinforcement
,
&c.
Ruth
Maximilian
,
who
was
lately
raised
from
the
low
degree
of
an
ordinary
Sailer
,
to
that
of
a
Captain
,
for
his
signal
Bravery
in
the
Action
at
Bergen
in
Norway
,
the
year
before
,
writ
the
following
Letter
to
the
College
of
the
Admiralty
of
Rotterdam
.
Noble
and
Potent
Lords
,
I
Shall
inform
your
Noble
Mightinesses
of
the
most
Remarkable
Circumstances
that
are
come
to
my
knowledge
of
the
Battle
,
lately
fought
between
the
two
Fleets
.
On
the
11th
.
Instant
,
at
noon
,
we
were
riding
at
an
Anchor
near
Newport
,
when
the
Wind
being
grown
high
,
and
the
Sea
rough
,
the
English
Navy
consisting
of
about
58
sail
came
from
the
West-ward
,
and
fell
upon
us
.
It
was
Commanded
in
chief
by
Admiral
Monk
.
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp's
Squadron
was
posted
to
the
South-West-ward
,
that
of
Admiral
de
Ruiter
in
the
main
Battle
,
and
that
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
Evertsz
extended
towards
the
North-East
.
The
Enemies
begun
their
attack
upon
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp's
Squadron
,
who
was
obliged
to
cut
his
Anchor-Cables
,
and
to
bear
the
greatest
brunt
of
their
assailing
Arms.
His
Masts
being
shot
down
were
tumbled
into
the
Sea
by
the
violence
of
the
Wind.
Tromp's
Squadron
thereupon
begun
to
give
way
,
and
to
make
back
towards
the
main
Body
of
the
Dutch
Fleet
,
and
then
de
Ruiter
advanced
to
support
them
,
accompanied
with
some
other
ships
.
'T
is
true
?
The
Engl●sh
had
the
advantage
of
the
Wind
,
but
it
being
violent
,
their
Ships
being
by
it
heav'd
all
on
one
side
had
much
ado
to
play
their
Guns
with
any
success
,
whereas
we
with
our
lower
Tires
fired
upon
them
with
no
small
effect
.
At
the
beginning
of
the
night
,
we
had
already
dispersed
a
part
of
their
Fleet.
In
which
their
Vice
Admiral
of
the
White
was
taken
by
a
Ship
of
the
Admiralty
of
Amsterdam
,
and
the
Rear
Admiral
of
the
same
Squadron
run
in
great
danger
of
being
burnt
to
Ashes
by
three
Fire-ships
,
which
yet
wrought
not
the
effect
expected
from
them
:
For
having
carried
their
Flames
no
further
than
his
Poop
,
they
were
quencht
,
and
the
Fire-ships
repulsed
;
so
that
the
ship
escaped
by
favour
of
the
night
,
tacking
away
to
the
Eastward
;
however
a
good
part
of
her
Seamen
seeing
her
danger
leapt
into
the
Sea
,
choosing
rather
to
perish
in
the
Water
than
to
be
burnt
.
There
is
reason
to
believe
,
that
ship
so
shattered
as
she
was
sunk
soon
after
,
because
she
was
never
heard
of
since
.
During
the
obscurity
of
the
Night
,
the
dispersed
ships
of
the
Enemies
got
together
again
and
we
made
a
task
to
the
South-Ward
.
On
Saturday
morning
,
we
perceived
the
English
behind
us
,
and
made
up
to
them
,
but
they
without
waiting
for
us
,
advanced
to
meet
us
withmuch
Resolution
and
Courage
.
And
then
the
two
Fleets
broke
through
one
another
tho'
across
the
continual
Fire
of
each
others
Guns
.
A
Calm
came
on
,
and
after
that
,
the
Wind
turned
to
the
South
,
of
which
the
English
had
the
advantage
.
Our
Admiral
having
broke
through
the
Enemies
Fleet
,
got
the
Weather-gage
of
them
,
so
that
he
prevailed
with
the
greatest
part
of
his
Forces
over
the
English
Fleet
,
excepting
only
Tromp
,
who
with
7
or
8
Ships
of
his
Squadron
was
to
Leeward
.
He
had
changed
his
Ship
,
and
was
then
in
that
called
,
the
Province
of
Vtrecht
;
he
was
very
ill
handled
,
as
was
also
his
Vice
Admiral
,
and
had
like
to
have
been
reduced
to
Ashes
by
an
English
Fire-ship
.
De
Ruiter
considering
the
danger
in
which
Tromp
was
,
resolved
to
dis-engage
him
,
and
for
that
effect
,
he
ordered
the
greatest
part
of
his
Fleet
to
make
a
tack
to
the
South-ward
,
whilst
himself
with
his
Rear
fell
upon
the
Enemies
main
body
,
making
directly
towards
Tromp
,
to
assist
him
:
The
English
seeing
him
come
,
opened
themselves
,
and
the
Admiral
of
the
White
advanced
at
the
head
of
his
Squadron
,
followed
by
two
Fire-ships
,
to
stop
de
Ruiter
,
who
observing
the
motion
the
Enemies
had
newly
made
,
tackt
to
the
South-ward
,
to
rejoin
,
if
possible
,
the
rest
of
his
Fleet
,
which
was
tackt
about
to
the
North-ward
,
with
the
same
intention
,
so
that
the
English
contented
themselves
with
firing
upon
him
at
a
distance
with
their
Guns
,
without
offering
to
follow
him
.
But
methinks
committed
then
a
strange
fault
.
For
it
had
been
easy
for
them
to
have
destroyed
the
few
Ships
de
Ruiter
had
with
him
,
and
Tromp's
Squadron
was
able
to
make
no
more
Resistance
against
them
,
whereas
in
spite
of
their
Cannonadings
,
the
intended
Junction
was
effected
.
The
matter
passed
almost
in
the
same
manner
,
as
it
did
the
year
before
,
for
by
the
motion
we
made
,
two
English
ships
were
separated
from
the
rest
,
whereof
one
was
sunk
,
to
which
I
my self
,
without
bragging
contributed
the
most
,
and
the
other
was
so
shattered
by
de
Ruiter
,
that
the
Enemies
finding
her
no
longer
able
to
keep
the
Sea
,
set
fire
to
her
.
In
the
mean
while
,
the
two
Fleets
being
got
together
again
,
the
fight
was
renewed
,
and
we
engaged
together
three
times
more
,
firing
perpetually
at
one
another
till
the
dusk
of
the
evening
.
And
then
the
English
losing
Courage
,
did
not
think
fit
to
charge
us
any
more
,
but
tackt
away
to
the
East-ward
,
in
the
mean
while
we
chaced
them
as
far
as
the
Calm
Weather
,
and
the
approach
of
the
night
would
permit
us
.
On
Sunday
Morning
,
the
Wind
was
fair
,
and
the
Wind
turned
to
the
East
,
and
we
pursued
the
English
again
till
4
a
Clock
in
the
afternoon
,
the
most
part
of
which
retreated
towards
the
West-South-West
,
in
pretty
good
order
;
And
then
they
were
reinforced
,
by
Prince
Robert
s
Squadron
consisting
of
20
Men
of
War
,
coming
from
the
South-ward
.
In
the
mean
time
whilst
we
were
chacing
them
Sir
George
Ayschew's
Ship
Admiral
of
the
White
Squadron
,
call'd
the
Royal
Prince
,
carrying
92
Guns
,
was
stranded
at
the
mouth
of
the
Thames
and
yielded
to
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
without
firing
so
much
as
a
Gun
,
which
after
we
had
taken
out
of
her
,
the
Admiral
and
his
men
we
burnt
.
On
Monday
the
14th
.
in
the
morning
,
the
English
having
received
a
Reinforcement
of
a
fresh
Squadron
,
took
new
Courage
,
and
came
and
attackt
us
again
.
De
Ruiter
thereupon
having
summoned
all
his
Captains
on
board
the
Admiral
Ship
,
Recommended
to
them
their
duty
and
the
honour
of
their
Country
,
after
which
we
renewed
the
fight
again
,
and
having
the
Weather-gage
we
resolved
to
break
through
the
Enemies
Fleet
,
and
by
that
means
,
quickly
to
put
them
to
the
Rout.
But
the
English
Received
us
with
much
Resolution
and
Bravery
,
and
it
may
be
said
,
that
there
and
then
it
was
,
that
the
Valour
of
all
in
General
,
and
of
every
one
in
particular
was
seen
to
appear
in
its
full
Lustre
.
After
the
Fight
,
had
been
vigorously
maintained
till
4
a
Clock
,
our
Fleet
was
divided
into
two
Parts
:
For
de
Ruiter
,
at
the
Head
of
one
of
them
,
made
a
Motion
above
the
Enemies
Fleet
,
whilst
the
other
had
order
to
keep
below
them
,
with
Design
to
enclose
them
.
We
had
scarce
past
by
the
half
of
the
English
Fleet
,
but
we
fell
upon
them
,
and
broke
through
them
,
from
the
one
end
to
the
other
,
with
so
much
Fury
that
they
were
presently
put
to
the
Rout.
And
then
it
was
,
there
was
a
sad
Spectacle
to
be
seen
of
dead
and
wounded
men
,
and
a
terrible
harvest
of
Masts
mown
down
,
and
of
Sails
,
and
all
sorts
of
tackle
tumbled
into
the
Sea
,
as
well
on
the
one
side
as
the
other
.
About
6
in
the
Evening
the
Enemies
betook
themselves
wholly
to
flight
,
and
we
gave
them
chace
.
Being
advanced
near
Prince
Robert
,
we
boarded
one
of
the
Enemies
Ships
,
called
the
Havertuin
,
carrying
56
Guns
,
which
yielded
in
sight
of
Prince
Robert
,
he
not
daring
to
come
to
her
Assistance
,
but
contented
himself
with
killing
me
one
Seaman
,
and
shooting
of
the
Arm
of
another
.
And
besides
the
ship
I
took
the
same
evening
there
were
4
more
taken
in
my
sight
.
In
the
mean
while
the
whole
English
Fleet
was
entirely
dispersed
,
and
every
one
of
them
sought
to
save
themselves
by
a
nimble
retreat
!
the
Sea
was
covered
with
wandering
Vessels
,
the
most
of
them
steering
Westward
.
Admiral
Monk
,
and
an
English
Rear
Admiral
lost
their
main
Masts
,
so
that
I
doubt
not
but
they
will
fall
to
day
into
our
hands
;
and
so
much
the
rather
,
that
every
one
of
them
minding
only
their
own
preservation
before
that
of
any
one
else
,
they
were
seen
to
scamper
about
with
precipitation
without
taking
any
care
what
destiny
befell
the
rest
.
In
fine
,
we
have
all
the
reason
in
the
World
,
to
thank
God
for
the
signal
Victory
we
have
newly
obtained
,
and
for
having
so
powerfully
protected
our
Arms
,
to
the
destruction
of
our
Enemies
,
&c.
These
Letters
,
how
Authentick
soever
they
were
,
met
with
no
credit
in
England
:
And
on
the
contrary
,
it
was
noised
throughout
all
the
Kingdom
that
they
had
defeated
the
Enemies
Fleet
,
and
chaced
the
Hollanders
as
far
as
into
the
very
Havens
of
Zealand
;
Nay
,
that
they
had
mist
but
little
of
taking
Admiral
de
Ruiter's
Ship
,
(
as
indeed
they
had
,
had
they
minded
their
business
,
and
Tromp
too
;
)
that
the
Dutch
had
lost
in
that
fight
,
40
Ships
,
and
at
least
6000
men
;
whereas
the
loss
of
the
English
was
reduced
to
but
4
men
of
War
,
3
Captains
,
some
few
Seamen
or
Soldiers
killed
,
and
about
300
wounded
;
that
their
Fleet
was
but
very
little
endamaged
,
and
would
be
fit
to
put
to
Sea
again
in
15
days
at
furthest
,
&c.
The
people
of
Brabant
,
Cologne
,
and
Hamborough
were
credulous
enough
to
believe
all
those
false
reports
;
But
in
a
little
time
after
;
they
found
by
experience
the
vanity
of
those
English
Boasts
by
the
great
number
of
the
dead
and
wounded
of
which
all
the
Harbours
of
Great
Britain
were
full
.
Their
Great
Ships
were
so
miserably
shattered
,
that
the
people
were
by
publick
prohibition
Restrained
from
going
into
the
Ports
,
tho'
out
of
meer
curiosity
.
The
Soveraign
,
the
Royal
Charles
the
Catharine
,
and
several
others
were
mown
close
to
their
very
Hulls
;
The
Rainbow
who
saved
her self
by
flying
towards
the
Coasts
of
Flanders
after
she
had
put
her
dead
and
wounded
men
on
shore
at
Ostend
,
retired
by
stealth
tho'
with
much
ado
into
Dover
.
Admiral
Ayschew
was
made
Prisoner
;
Barklay
,
Mings
,
and
Herman
killed
.
Prince
Robert
,
Monk
,
Allen
,
and
Smith
having
had
their
ships
most
grievously
shattered
,
sought
shelter
in
the
Ports
of
the
Gunfleet
,
Norbay
,
&c.
Thus
because
each
party
claimed
the
Glory
of
that
Action
,
and
the
Honour
of
the
Victory
,
and
that
the
English
proceeded
so
far
as
to
publish
a
Relation
Printed
by
Authority
,
of
which
the
whole
design
was
,
to
prepossess
peoples
minds
with
an
opinion
,
that
they
had
had
the
advantage
.
The
States
on
their
side
,
thought
fit
to
undeceive
the
Publick
,
by
an
Authentick
Relation
,
Authorized
by
the
pretended
faithfull
Report
of
all
the
General
and
Inferiour
Officers
in
their
Fleet.
Which
Pensioner
de
Wit
,
and
Vrybergen
,
Vander
Houlk
,
Kann
and
Gerlacius
,
the
Deputies
and
Plenipotentiaries
of
the
States
,
and
who
were
no
less
fruitfull
in
invention
than
any
of
the
English
Courtiers
,
were
appointed
to
draw
it
up
:
And
as
soon
as
it
was
publisht
,
they
sent
copies
into
all
the
Courts
of
Europe
to
let
all
Princes
see
,
that
the
Bonfires
,
and
other
dissembling
Rejoycings
of
the
English
tended
only
to
the
unjust
usurping
to
themselves
a
Triumph
;
all
the
Glory
of
which
if
they
might
be
believed
,
was
due
to
the
Arms
of
the
States
;
such
as
it
was
,
we
could
not
dispense
with
our selves
from
inserting
it
here
at
length
.
A
Relation
of
what
passed
in
the
fight
between
the
English
Fleet
,
and
that
of
the
Vnited
Provinces
,
which
hapned
on
the
11
,
12
,
13
,
and
14th
of
June
1666
,
drawn
up
after
a
serious
Examination
,
and
according
to
the
faithfull
Report
both
of
the
General
and
Inferiour
Officers
of
the
whole
Holland
Fleet
on
the
24th
of
the
same
month
according
to
the
order
of
the
States
General
by
the
care
of
their
Pensionary
De
Wit
,
Mr.
Urybergen
,
Mr.
Vander
Houlk
,
Mr.
Kann
,
and
Mr.
Gerlacius
,
Deputies
and
Plenipotentiaries
of
their
High
and
Mightinesses
,
at
present
at
Wielingen
,
for
the
present
Naval
Expedition
of
the
said
States
.
THe
Holland
Fleet
having
spent
from
the
1
of
June
to
the
5th
of
the
same
month
of
the
year
1666
,
in
getting
out
of
the
Texel
by
reason
of
several
cross
Winds
and
Calms
that
hindred
them
,
it
was
impossible
for
them
because
of
contrary
Winds
,
to
pursue
their
designed
Course
,
and
to
go
towards
the
Coasts
of
England
,
according
to
the
Orders
they
had
received
for
that
purpose
,
before
the
8th
.
of
the
Month.
On
the
11th
.
in
the
morning
,
they
with
much
ado
got
as
far
as
7
or
8
miles
to
the
East-South-East-ward
of
the
North
Foreland
,
which
is
a
part
of
England
that
extends
between
the
Channel
and
the
Thames
whereby
a
South
West
wind
that
blew
very
fiercely
they
were
forced
to
Anchor
.
The
English
Fleet
being
come
some
days
before
to
Anchor
in
the
Downs
,
unmoor'd
from
thence
on
the
11th
.
of
June
,
probably
upon
the
advice
they
had
heard
of
the
approach
of
the
Dutch
Fleet.
And
about
noon
,
the
two
Fleets
met
.
That
of
Holland
was
composed
of
83
men
of
War
,
or
Frigats
,
besides
Advice-Boats
,
Fire-ships
,
and
other
small
Tenders
on
the
Fleet.
But
it
hapned
,
that
about
an
hour
before
the
Battle
,
one
of
the
most
considerable
Ships
of
the
Dutch
Fleet
,
commanded
by
Colonel
de
Gent
having
unfortunately
lost
her
Fore-mast
,
and
afterwards
her
mizzen
mast
by
the
violence
of
the
Wind
,
de
Ruiter
Judging
her
in
that
condition
uncapable
to
fight
,
sent
her
out
of
the
Fleet
in
sight
of
the
Enemies
,
to
retire
into
Holland
:
The
said
de
Gent
removed
after
that
into
the
Ship
of
Captain
Henry
Gotskens
.
As
for
the
English
Fleet
,
they
were
80
sail
strong
as
they
were
counted
by
the
Hollanders
at
the
very
time
of
fight
.
About
1
a
Clock
afternoon
,
they
begun
to
play
their
Guns
.
Some
moments
before
,
the
Hollanders
,
had
cut
their
Anchor-Cables
to
make
the
more
haste
,
and
to
Accommodate
themselves
to
the
season
,
and
the
violence
of
the
Waves
which
would
not
permit
them
to
weigh
:
The
two
Fleets
being
then
met
,
they
both
of
them
made
a
tack
to
the
South
ward
,
the
Wind
being
then
turned
West-South-West
.
That
motion
was
the
cause
that
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
and
Van
Meppelen
,
who
were
before
placed
in
the
Rear
,
found
themselves
in
the
Van
,
and
were
forced
to
bear
the
brunt
of
the
most
furious
and
terrible
shock
that
hapned
during
the
whole
fight
,
which
they
did
most
valiantly
.
The
fight
being
thus
begun
,
the
Squadron
of
Admiral
de
Ruiter
and
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
Van
Nes
,
followed
by
their
other
Officers
,
fell
thundering
upon
the
Enemies
with
an
undauntedness
,
without
Example
.
A
little
while
after
,
an
English
Frigat
of
the
Blue
Squadron
,
carrying
50
Guns
,
sunk
,
after
she
had
received
a
Farewell
Broadside
from
de
Ruiter
.
The
Squadron
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
Cornelius
Evertsz
and
Tierk
Hiddes
de
Vries
had
all
the
difficulty
in
the
World
,
to
get
to
engage
at
first
,
because
they
were
to
Leeward
,
and
at
a
pretty
distance
from
the
Enemies
.
In
the
mean
while
,
the
two
Fleets
charged
one
another
vigorously
,
making
always
the
same
motion
,
which
lasted
till
5
a
Clock
in
the
afternoon
;
when
the
English
tacked
to
the
North-westward
,
as
well
to
keep
the
Weather-gage
,
as
to
avoid
the
sand
Banks
of
Flanders
.
That
motion
engaged
the
Squadron
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
Evertsz
and
Tierk
Hiddes
de
Vries
in
a
Bloody
Fight
,
in
which
the
undaunted
Valour
and
Courage
of
those
two
Generals
were
seen
to
shine
with
equal
Luster
.
The
English
being
thus
tackt
about
,
the
Dutch
Fleet
found
means
thereby
to
intercept
some
of
their
biggest
Ships
which
were
presently
boarded
and
taken
by
3
Dutch
Men
of
War
,
and
afterwards
carried
into
Holland
.
One
of
them
called
the
Swiftsure
carried
70
Guns
,
most
of
them
Brass
,
Commanded
by
Barkley
,
Vice-Admiral
of
the
White
Squadron
,
who
lost
his
life
there
after
he
had
Signalized
himself
against
Captain
Henry
Adria●sz's
Ship
carrying
likewise
70
Guns
;
another
called
the
7
Wonders
,
of
60
Guns
,
was
taken
by
Captain
Vander
Zaan's
Frigat
which
carried
52
Guns
;
and
the
Third
,
called
the
Loyal
George
,
of
44
Guns
,
fell
into
the
hands
of
Captain
Andrew
Swart
,
whose
Ship
called
the
Deventer
,
carried
66
Guns
:
All
those
Captains
belonged
to
the
Admiralty
of
Amsterdam
.
And
on
the
contrary
,
in
the
first
attack
,
there
were
two
Dutch
Ships
burnt
,
viz.
The
Duivenvoorde
of
46
Guns
,
and
Commanded
by
Otto
Van
Treslong
;
the
second
called
,
The
Court
of
Zealand
,
had
on
board
58
Guns
,
and
was
Commanded
by
Captain
Blok
.
We
are
informed
assuredly
,
that
these
two
Ships
were
unhappily
burnt
to
Ashes
by
some
stopples
blown
back
on
board
by
the
force
of
the
Wind
,
just
at
the
time
that
their
own
Guns
were
discharging
.
The
Prince
of
Monaco
,
and
the
Count
de
Guiche
were
Volunteers
on
board
the
first
of
these
,
who
happily
escaped
the
danger
of
the
Flames
,
by
Retiring
nimbly
into
the
Ship
,
called
the
Little
Holland
,
Commanded
by
Cornelius
Evertsz
Van
Gelder
,
Son-in-Law
to
Admiral
Ruiter
,
who
receiv'd
them
afterwards
on
board
his
own
Ship
.
In
the
first
attack
,
the
Sails
,
Masts
,
and
in
General
all
the
Tackle
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp's
Ship
,
were
so
endamaged
,
that
another
Ship
falling
foul
on
him
in
passing
by
,
all
his
Masts
were
tumbled
thereby
into
the
Sea
.
Rear
Admiral
Van
Nes's
Ship
came
off
at
a
not
much
better
rate
,
since
almost
at
the
same
time
his
Mizzen-Mast
was
shot
by
the
board
.
Upon
which
those
two
General
Officers
were
forced
to
remove
into
other
Ships
for
the
security
of
their
Persons
.
In
which
as
soon
as
they
had
put
up
their
Flags
they
were
seen
again
to
renew
the
Fight
,
and
to
Signalize
themselves
.
Their
unmasted
Ships
being
carried
out
of
the
Fray
,
were
towed
away
into
Holland
.
The
English
Fleet
having
advanced
above
the
Hollanders
,
their
Chief
Admiral
followed
by
some
Ships
of
his
Squadron
,
cast
Anchor
;
but
a
little
while
after
,
seeing
de
Ruiter
coming
towards
him
,
at
the
head
of
the
Dutch
Fleet
,
he
cut
his
Cables
at
his
approach
,
so
that
they
engaged
again
afresh
,
and
the
fight
was
furious
and
very
bloody
on
that
occasion
,
and
yet
,
God
be
thanked
,
without
the
loss
of
any
of
the
Dutch
Ships
;
whereas
about
7
or
8
a
Clock
in
the
evening
,
a
great
English
Ship
of
the
Blew
Squadron
carrying
between
60
and
70
Guns
,
sunk
within
Musket
shot
of
Admiral
de
Ruiter
.
The
two
aforesaid
English
Ships
sinking
in
the
view
of
the
Officers
and
Sea
men
of
the
whole
Dutch
Fleet
,
I
think
there
is
no
reason
to
doubt
of
it
.
It
's
true
we
are
not
sure
whether
any
other
English
Ship
perished
that
day
,
but
at
the
beginning
of
the
night
,
the
Rear-Admiral
of
the
White
,
whose
Ship
was
a
first
Rate
,
having
been
vigorously
attackt
by
De
Ruiter
,
and
some
other
Ships
of
his
Squadron
,
and
being
already
very
much
shattered
,
de
Ruiter
sent
out
a
Fire
Ship
from
his
Squadron
,
which
fastned
upon
her
and
set
her
on
fire
,
but
the
first
Fire-Ship
being
put
off
,
sunk
,
and
the
flames
in
the
said
Rear
Admirals
were
quencht
?
Then
another
Fire-Ship
of
the
Zealand
Squadron
was
sent
to
burn
her
;
and
set
the
English
Ship
again
in
Flames
,
but
that
was
likewise
Repulsed
,
and
the
fire
quencht
.
A
third
Fire-Ship
under
the
Covert
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
Evertsz's
Guns
was
once
more
sent
to
Try
to
repair
the
ill
success
of
the
others
,
but
was
not
a
whit
luckier
than
they
,
for
fastning
upon
the
English
Rear
Admiral
,
he
set
Fire
to
him
indeed
,
but
a
moment
after
,
that
was
quencht
,
and
the
Fire
Ship
was
sunk
with
Cannon
shot
,
so
that
according
to
the
Testimony
of
all
the
Dutch
Officers
which
were
present
,
and
were
spectatours
of
that
Glorious
Action
,
the
undaunted
Bravery
of
that
English
Rear-Admiral
cannot
but
be
Admired
,
which
was
so
much
the
more
Remarkable
,
because
some
of
his
men
having
saved
themselves
by
swiming
,
and
got
on
board
a
Dutch
Ship
,
assured
us
,
that
near
300
of
his
men
leapt
into
the
Sea
,
at
the
approach
of
the
two
first
Fire-ships
,
choosing
rather
to
perish
by
Water
than
by
Fire
.
The
same
Rear-Admiral
performed
likewise
at
the
end
of
the
fight
,
an
Action
Glorious
to
him
,
but
fatal
to
us
,
by
a
Cannon
shot
,
that
took
away
the
life
of
the
Illustrious
Cornelius
Evertsz
Lieutenant
Admiral
,
whose
good
Conduct
and
great
Courage
had
made
him
to
be
Admired
not
only
in
that
fight
,
but
in
many
other
rencounters
besides
.
The
night
then
parted
the
Combatants
,
it
being
impossible
for
us
to
see
,
by
reason
of
the
darkness
,
or
the
thick
smoak
,
whether
the
aforesaid
Rear-Admiral
,
being
shrewdly
battered
scap'd
away
and
saved
himself
,
or
whether
he
sunk
to
the
bottom
of
the
Sea
.
When
the
night
was
past
,
the
English
Fleet
found
it self
on
the
12th
.
of
June
at
break
of
day
,
having
the
Weather-gage
,
about
half
a
mile
off
of
that
of
Holland
,
the
Wind
at
West-South-West
.
The
two
Fleets
made
a
motion
,
viz.
The
Hollanders
towards
the
North-West
,
and
the
English
toward
the
South
,
with
design
to
follow
one
the
other
;
But
the
English
having
the
Advantage
of
the
Wind
,
disputed
their
Enemies
passage
,
and
without
waiting
any
longer
,
advanced
to
them
,
and
fell
upon
them
.
The
Hollanders
,
without
changing
their
Course
or
their
Countenance
,
stood
firm
in
Luffing
,
so
that
the
two
Hostile
Fleets
broke
through
one
another
and
began
a
most
furious
fight
;
yet
there
was
not
so
much
as
one
Dutch
Ship
that
was
so
unfortunate
as
to
be
lost
in
it
,
according
to
the
Testimony
of
all
the
Officers
,
both
General
and
Inferiour
of
the
Holland
Fleet
,
given
in
to
the
said
Deputies
and
Plenipotentiaries
of
the
States
.
The
Fleets
then
having
broke
in
upon
one
another
in
that
manner
,
their
Guns
made
strange
Havock
:
For
the
most
part
of
the
Ships
of
the
two
Fleets
had
their
Masts
,
their
Sails
and
Tackling
either
shot
away
,
or
shattered
to
pieces
.
And
as
each
party
was
endeavouring
with
all
speed
to
repair
their
damages
,
there
hapned
a
Calm
,
which
produced
a
Cessation
of
Arms
,
so
that
the
two
Fleets
floated
about
in
presence
of
one
another
,
till
about
11
a
Clock
before
noon
,
and
then
the
wind
rising
,
they
charged
again
,
and
renewed
the
Engagement
more
hotly
than
ever
.
The
Hollanders
had
then
the
Weather-gage
,
De
Ruiter
having
penetrated
to
the
very
center
of
the
Enemies
Fleet
,
heard
a
most
horrid
noise
of
both
great
Guns
and
Muskets
which
made
him
believe
,
that
some
of
his
Ships
being
surrounded
by
the
Enemies
,
were
making
their
last
efforts
,
and
were
in
danger
of
being
lost
without
speedy
assistance
,
so
that
without
any
longer
hesitation
,
he
advanced
with
his
Squadron
,
and
falling
upon
that
part
of
them
,
he
forced
a
passage
through
the
Storms
of
the
Enemies
shot
and
fire
,
and
found
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
,
whose
Flag
was
then
hoisted
in
de
Swart's
Ship
,
in
the
last
extremity
,
but
yet
fighting
with
all
imaginable
intrepidity
,
as
likewise
did
Vice
Admiral
Vander
Hulst
,
and
the
Captains
,
Solomonsz
,
de
Haan
,
and
Van
Amstel
,
their
Ships
being
surrounded
and
battered
on
all
sides
by
the
English
,
were
able
to
hold
out
no
longer
,
and
were
at
the
point
of
being
burnt
or
sunk
,
without
the
assistance
of
de
Ruiter
.
At
his
approach
,
Captain
Solomonsz's
Ship
was
already
all
on
fire
,
which
't
was
impossible
to
Quench
.
That
Captain
and
a
good
part
of
his
men
had
very
much
ado
to
save
themselves
on
board
another
Dutch
Ship
.
Solomonsz
as
soon
as
he
was
got
out
of
that
danger
,
went
on
board
Captain
Schey's
Ship
,
where
after
he
had
further
Signalized
his
Bravery
,
and
given
great
Proofs
of
his
Courage
,
during
the
whole
time
of
the
fight
,
he
died
at
last
in
the
bed
of
Honour
.
Captain
Swa●t's
Ship
on
board
which
was
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
,
as
likewise
the
Ships
of
all
the
three
other
Captains
abovenamed
,
were
reduced
into
so
pitifull
a
Condition
,
by
the
loss
of
all
their
Masts
,
that
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
was
again
obliged
to
change
Ship
,
and
those
which
were
Commanded
by
Vice-Admiral
Vander
Hulst
,
and
the
Captains
de
Haan
Swart
and
Van
Amstel
,
being
quite
disabled
for
fight
,
had
Order
to
go
out
of
the
fight
and
seek
shelter
in
the
first
Harbour
they
came
to
.
In
the
same
shock
,
Vice
Admiral
Vander
Hulst
was
killed
with
a
Cannon
shot
,
being
extreamly
Regreted
because
of
his
great
Merit
,
Experience
,
and
Bravery
.
But
God
be
thanked
those
losses
were
doubly
Recompenced
the
same
day
by
the
great
number
of
English
Ships
that
were
burnt
or
sunk
according
to
the
following
Order
,
viz.
1.
A
Ship
of
the
Red
Squadron
carrying
near
60
Guns
was
sunk
in
the
Van
guard
of
the
English
Fleet
,
about
noon
.
2.
A
Ship
of
the
blew
Squadron
,
carrying
between
50
and
60
Guns
,
sunk
at
three
in
the
afternoon
,
presently
after
de
Ruiter
had
thundred
at
her
in
passing
.
3.
A
Ship
of
the
White
Squadron
carrying
near
50
Guns
,
sunk
a
little
after
,
by
the
side
of
Vice
Admiral
de
Liefde
,
who
shot
her
through
and
through
in
so
many
places
that
she
rowled
on
one
side
,
and
was
swallowed
up
by
the
Waves
.
4.
Another
Ship
of
the
White
Squadron
carrying
50
Guns
,
sunk
half
an
hour
after
,
in
sight
of
de
Ruiter's
Squadron
,
and
of
Captain
Van
Meeuwen
who
followed
her
close
,
and
gave
her
a
Broadside
in
passing
.
And
absolutely
to
convince
the
World
,
that
the
two
abovesaid
Ships
of
the
White
Squadron
were
two
different
Ships
,
it
is
to
be
observ
d
that
several
Officers
and
other
Sea-faring
men
saw
both
of
them
sink
,
that
is
to
say
,
that
the
same
persons
that
saw
one
perish
,
saw
the
other
undergo
the
same
fare
a
little
after
;
for
we
have
so
carefully
distinguisht
things
in
our
Examination
,
that
there
is
no
reason
to
fear
,
we
have
mistaken
a
Ships
for
one
.
5.
The
Ship
called
,
the
Golden
Eagle
,
or
the
Arms
of
Groningen
,
taken
the
Autumn
before
by
the
English
when
the
Dutch
Fleet
was
dispersed
by
a
Tempest
,
was
sunk
by
a
broad
side
from
Captain
Marreveld
.
6.
Another
English
Ship
sunk
in
the
midst
of
their
own
Fleet
,
after
she
had
in
vain
signifyed
her
danger
to
her
Companions
,
without
receiving
any
assistance
from
them
.
In
the
fight
of
the
two
first
days
,
as
likewise
in
that
of
the
fourth
,
of
which
we
shall
speak
more
largely
afterwards
,
it
is
certain
,
that
't
is
not
to
be
doubted
,
that
some
English
Ships
were
burnt
,
which
yet
we
could
not
be
absolutely
assured
of
,
because
fire
being
set
to
several
Fire-Ships
at
divers
times
,
we
cannot
positively
say
whether
the
Ships
they
grapled
were
destroyed
,
or
whether
they
escaped
,
except
only
two
that
we
are
sure
were
burnt
to
Ashes
during
the
fight
,
because
the
Officers
and
Seamen
that
served
on
board
the
said
Fire-Ships
are
now
actually
solliciting
for
the
reward
allotted
by
the
States
for
such
Service
,
by
producing
good
Certificates
of
their
performance
of
it
:
Besides
,
that
the
English
prisoners
drawn
out
of
the
Waves
,
and
sent
into
the
respective
Colleges
of
the
Admiralty
,
are
able
to
answer
if
carefully
examined
,
and
to
tell
out
of
what
Ships
they
escaped
.
It
is
certain
that
by
that
means
,
it
will
be
found
,
that
a
greater
Number
of
English
Ships
than
we
know
of
,
were
burnt
or
sunk
.
The
fight
of
the
12th
.
of
June
was
terrible
and
Bloody
,
especially
afternoon
,
so
that
there
were
few
Ships
of
either
Fleet
but
sufficiently
felt
the
effects
of
it
by
the
loss
of
their
Masts
,
Round-Tops
,
Top-Masts
,
Sails
,
and
Rigging
:
Amongst
others
,
the
Top-mast
and
Admirals
Flag
of
de
Ruiter's
Ship
was
shot
away
,
about
3
or
4
a
Clock
,
which
obliged
him
to
give
Order
to
Lieutenant
Admiral
Van
Nes
,
till
such
time
as
he
could
repair
it
,
to
put
the
Admirals
Flag
on
board
his
Ship
,
and
to
Command
in
Chief
in
his
absence
,
according
to
the
Orders
before
given
:
Which
he
did
with
so
much
Courage
and
Conduct
,
that
after
the
two
Fleets
had
broke
through
one
another
three
times
,
as
the
Hollanders
were
ready
to
fall
on
the
fourth
time
,
the
English
tackt
about
and
made
with
all
the
sail
they
could
for
their
own
Coasts
.
Their
Fleet
was
then
weakned
by
the
loss
of
8
or
9
men
of
War
.
The
Hollanders
seeing
them
flie
made
all
the
sail
they
could
,
to
pursue
them
;
But
their
flight
was
favoured
by
the
obscurity
of
the
night
,
and
the
Calms
that
then
begun
to
come
on
,
which
obliged
the
Hollanders
to
veer
back
towards
their
own
Admiral
again
.
In
the
mean
while
,
de
Ruiter
having
Repaired
his
damages
,
put
up
the
Admiral
's
Flag
again
,
and
re-assumed
the
chief
Command
of
the
Fleet
on
the
13th
of
June
.
But
the
English
discovering
at
break
of
day
,
the
mischiefs
that
the
obscurity
of
the
night
had
hidden
from
them
,
and
seeing
a
good
Number
of
their
Ships
much
shattered
,
thought
fit
to
burn
them
,
to
prevent
the
pursuit
of
their
Enemies
and
prevent
their
falling
into
their
hands
.
After
which
they
did
their
best
to
get
into
the
Thames
.
The
Wind
was
at
East
,
and
then
turning
to
the
East-South-East
,
grew
so
weak
that
they
were
forced
to
crowd
all
the
sail
they
could
.
It
was
impossible
for
the
Hollanders
,
to
know
justly
how
many
Ships
the
English
had
burnt
.
But
the
English
in
their
publick
News
of
the
17th
of
June
,
Printed
at
London
by
Authority
,
made
loud
claim
to
the
Victory
,
and
pretended
they
burnt
but
three
by
order
of
the
Admiral
,
viz.
the
St.
Paul
,
and
two
other
lesser
Ships
.
The
English
continuing
thus
their
retreat
all
the
day
came
at
last
so
very
near
the
Sand-banks
that
are
at
the
mouth
of
the
River
,
that
Sir
George
Ayschew
,
Admiral
of
the
White
Squadron
,
who
was
in
the
Royal
Prince
carrying
90
Brass
Guns
,
one
of
the
most
considerable
Ships
of
the
English
Fleet
,
run
a
ground
upon
the
bank
called
,
the
Galloper
,
which
was
a
great
misfortune
for
a
General
who
had
given
signal
proofs
of
his
Courage
all
the
whole
time
of
the
fight
,
and
who
was
then
retiring
only
by
order
of
his
Admiral
:
And
't
is
a
very
astonishing
thing
that
after
he
had
fired
several
Guns
to
give
notice
to
the
rest
of
the
Ships
of
the
Fleet
to
advance
to
his
assistance
,
yet
no
body
would
offer
to
come
nigh
him
,
but
he
was
thus
deserted
and
left
exposed
to
danger
even
by
the
Ships
of
his
own
Squadron
.
Being
in
that
pitiful
condition
,
he
saw
himself
just
going
to
be
burnt
by
the
approach
of
two
Dutch
Fire-ships
,
if
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
,
who
was
then
in
the
Ship
of
Rear
Admiral
Sweers
,
had
not
given
a
signal
to
Command
the
Fire-Ships
to
proceed
no
further
,
so
much
the
rather
because
by
putting
up
a
Flag
on
board
him
,
in
the
manner
usual
on
such
occasions
,
he
shewed
marks
of
Submission
,
and
demanded
Quarter
,
upon
which
the
Seamen
of
Rear-Admiral
Sweers
Ship
,
had
Order
from
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
,
to
go
on
board
Admiral
Ayschew
,
which
they
did
accordingly
.
And
Admiral
Ayschew
,
and
some
of
his
Officers
were
Conducted
on
board
Rear
Admiral
Sweers
,
and
the
next
day
being
put
into
a
Galliot
,
he
was
conveyed
to
the
Hague
,
by
order
of
Admiral
de
Ruiter
.
As
for
his
Ship
,
the
Prince
Royal
,
tho'
she
was
afterwards
got
off
of
the
Bank
,
yet
because
she
was
so
extreamly
shattered
that
de
Ruiter
thought
her
not
in
a
condition
to
be
able
to
follow
the
main
body
of
the
Fleet
,
he
Commanded
her
to
be
burnt
;
which
was
immediately
put
in
execution
,
after
they
had
taken
out
the
men
.
Near
about
the
same
time
towards
evening
a
Squadron
of
22
English
Men
of
War
appeared
towards
the
West
,
under
the
Command
of
Prince
Robert
,
who
according
to
the
advices
we
had
of
him
,
was
detached
away
the
Day
before
,
to
sail
towards
the
Harbours
of
Plymouth
and
Portsmouth
,
in
order
to
joyn
some
other
Men
of
War
,
and
to
go
meet
the
Duke
of
Beauford
,
Admiral
of
France
,
and
to
fight
him
.
Three
other
great
English
Ships
that
were
come
out
of
the
Thames
likewise
joyned
him
,
which
altogether
made
a
Reinforcement
of
25
Men
of
War
.
At
the
Sight
and
Approach
of
that
Succour
,
the
Squadron
of
Zealand
and
Friesland
advanced
to
fight
them
;
but
Prince
Robert
avoided
them
,
and
tackt
away
to
joyn
the
Body
of
the
English
Fleet
,
so
that
he
joyned
them
accordingly
about
the
Dusk
of
Night
.
And
then
the
Enemies
Fleet
was
composed
of
60
Men
of
War
,
of
which
the
most
part
were
fresh
and
in
good
Condition
.
The
Dutch
Fleet
was
still
64
Men
of
War
strong
,
but
having
maintained
already
a
Fight
of
3
Days
,
both
their
Ships
and
Men
had
suffered
very
much
,
and
their
Forces
were
in
a
manner
spent
.
As
for
the
rest
of
the
Dutch
Fleet
,
there
were
three
of
them
burnt
or
sunk
,
as
has
been
already
said
;
the
rest
were
detached
away
,
to
conduct
into
Holland
the
Prises
taken
from
the
Enemies
,
or
those
of
our
Ships
that
were
unmasted
and
disabled
by
them
.
Things
being
in
that
State
,
and
the
Hollanders
being
still
at
the
Eve
of
another
bloody
Battle
,
made
a
Motion
in
the
Night
,
in
order
to
avoid
the
Banks
,
and
get
more
Sea-room
.
When
it
was
Day
,
Admiral
de
Ruiter
fired
several
Guns
to
summon
the
Generals
and
Captains
of
the
Dutch
Fleet
on
Board
him
,
where
he
held
a
Council
of
War
,
and
exhorted
every
one
of
them
in
particular
,
to
have
in
Recommendation
his
own
Honour
,
and
the
Glory
of
his
Country
.
So
that
after
he
had
given
them
the
necessary
Orders
,
the
Fight
begun
again
on
the
14th
of
June
,
at
8
in
the
Morning
,
and
was
fought
between
the
Foreland
,
and
the
Banks
of
Flanders
,
in
the
open
Sea
,
about
8
miles
from
the
Shore
.
The
Wind
was
South
South
East
,
so
that
the
Hollanders
having
the
Weather-gage
,
came
powring
with
the
Three
Squadrons
of
their
Fleet
upon
the
Enemies
Navy
,
in
three
several
Places
,
forcing
a
Passage
through
them
,
by
which
means
some
English
Ships
were
separated
from
the
rest
.
After
which
,
de
Ruiter
caused
a
Motion
to
be
made
to
the
South-ward
,
with
design
to
charge
the
Enemy
again
,
who
did
the
same
on
their
Side
;
which
was
renewed
three
several
times
.
Thus
the
two
Fleets
fought
all
the
Day
with
much
Obstinacy
,
the
Victory
all
the
while
seeming
equally
balanced
,
and
not
to
know
for
which
side
to
declare
.
In
the
Time
of
this
cruel
Fight
,
a
Dutch
Ship
commanded
by
Captain
Vittenhou●
,
was
burnt
and
sunk
.
And
an
English
Fire-ship
seeing
the
Ship
of
Vice-Admiral
de
Liefde
unmasted
,
was
going
to
grapple
him
,
but
was
repulsed
by
the
said
Vice-Admiral
,
and
chancing
to
fall
foul
upon
another
Dutch
Fireship
,
they
were
both
reduced
to
Ashes
.
On
the
other
side
,
one
of
the
Dutch
Fireships
endeavoured
also
to
fasten
upon
Prince
Robert's
Ship
,
to
burn
her
,
but
was
grappled
her self
by
an
English
Fireship
that
kept
by
Prince
Robert's
side
,
so
that
they
were
both
burnt
together
with
an
English
Ship
that
chanced
unfortunately
to
fall
foul
upon
them
,
and
all
perished
in
the
Flames
.
In
the
mean
while
,
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
with
Rear
Admiral
Sweers
Ship
,
which
he
was
in
,
and
some
others
of
his
Squadron
,
after
he
had
maintained
a
long
and
furious
Fight
,
found
himself
reduced
into
so
pitiful
a
Condition
,
that
he
was
forced
to
retire
out
of
the
Fray
,
to
refit
and
repair
his
Damages
,
with
Design
to
return
again
,
as
soon
as
was
possible
to
the
Charge
.
De
Ruiter
,
tho'
weakened
by
the
Retreat
of
several
of
the
most
considerable
Ships
of
his
Fleet
,
which
had
been
already
disabled
,
considering
,
that
the
Sun
begun
to
decline
,
resolved
to
make
a
last
Effort
,
to
force
the
Victory
to
declare
it self
;
and
accordingly
gave
the
Signal
to
the
Hollanders
,
to
fail
on
on
all
sides
upon
the
English
Fleet.
At
which
Signal
the
Lieutenant
Admirals
,
van
Meppelen
and
de
Vries
,
as
also
the
Vice-Admirals
Bankert
,
Schram
,
and
Koenders
,
and
Rear-Admiral
Bruinsveld
broke
in
among
the
Enemies
with
all
imaginable
undauntedness
,
and
it
happened
,
that
Lieutenant-Admiral
Van
Nes
and
Vice-Admiral
de
Liefde
,
with
the
Rear-Admirals
Van
Nes
,
and
Evertsz
,
followed
by
several
other
Ships
,
finding
themselves
below
the
English
,
and
Admiral
de
Ruiter
with
the
rest
of
the
Fleet
,
above
them
,
that
part
of
the
English
Fleet
that
was
between
them
,
was
so
furiously
attack'd
,
as
was
likewise
their
whole
Navy
in
general
,
afterwards
,
that
in
less
than
half
an
Hours
Fight
,
they
were
put
in
Confusion
and
begun
to
fly
the
second
Time
.
On
the
one
side
were
to
be
seen
the
White
Squadron
with
8
or
10
Men
of
War
flying
right
before
the
Wind
,
and
on
the
other
,
the
Admirals
of
the
Red
and
Blue
making
likewise
full
Sail
,
and
doing
what
else
they
could
,
to
advance
their
Retreat
towards
the
English
Coasts
.
In
the
mean
while
,
the
Dutch
Ships
at
de
Ruiter's
Signal
,
took
all
the
English
Ships
they
came
near
enough
to
Board
.
Rear-Admiral
Bruinsveld
,
having
with
much
Courage
and
Resolution
grappled
two
of
the
Enemies
Frigats
,
took
them
,
but
afterwards
,
whether
it
were
for
want
of
Order
,
or
by
the
Fault
of
those
that
had
the
guarding
of
them
,
the
English
retook
them
again
.
Some
time
after
,
Captain
Pauw
hearing
of
that
Action
,
fell
vigorously
upon
them
again
,
and
wrested
them
once
more
out
of
the
Hands
of
the
English
.
But
one
of
those
Frigats
,
called
the
Bull
,
was
so
shattered
that
she
,
no
longer
able
to
keep
the
Sea
,
soon
after
sunk
.
The
other
,
called
the
Essex
,
carrying
58
Guns
,
and
less
endamaged
,
was
carried
into
the
Texel
.
A
like
Accident
happened
to
another
English
Frigat
,
but
she
was
retaken
by
the
Enemies
.
Vice-Admiral
Koenders
took
likewise
at
the
same
time
a
Ship
called
the
Nagelboom
,
that
was
taken
from
the
Dutch
the
Year
before
,
carrying
62
Guns
,
and
sent
her
into
the
Texel
Captain
Ruth
Maximilian
,
took
also
the
Ship
call'd
the
Couvertyn
of
54
Guns
,
and
sent
her
into
Goree
.
Besides
them
,
the
Dutch
Officers
pretend
to
know
of
two
English
Ships
more
that
were
sunk
the
Day
before
,
viz.
one
of
the
White
Squadron
,
swallowed
up
by
the
Waves
at
6
in
the
Evening
,
and
a
little
while
after
the
other
met
with
the
same
Destiny
;
which
makes
us
apt
to
think
that
several
other
English
Ships
might
have
the
same
Fortune
,
tho'
the
Dutch
Officers
know
nothing
of
it
,
the
Enemies
being
in
so
deplorable
a
Condition
,
and
pursued
by
the
Hollanders
.
It
seems
,
that
God
,
after
he
had
so
gloriously
favoured
the
Arms
of
the
Victours
,
was
not
pleased
they
should
be
utterly
defeated
by
the
Destruction
of
their
whole
Navy
,
which
appeared
as
unavoidable
:
For
the
shattered
Remainder
of
them
miraculously
escaped
by
the
Favour
of
a
thick
Fog
,
about
7
a
Clock
at
Night
.
However
,
the
Dutch
Fleet
being
victorious
and
triumphant
,
continued
to
chace
them
a
long
time
after
their
being
routed
,
and
would
have
pursued
them
into
their
very
Ports
,
if
they
had
not
been
afraid
their
Ships
would
have
lost
themselves
,
and
have
been
scattered
.
And
therefore
de
Ruiter
having
fired
some
Guns
for
a
Signal
to
advertise
all
the
Ships
of
his
Fleet
to
veer
back
towards
their
Admiral
,
and
the
whole
Dutch
Fleet
thereupon
assembling
together
,
they
sailed
away
all
Night
leisurely
,
and
with
little
Sail
homewards
.
The
next
Morning
,
which
was
the22●th
of
June
,
the
English
appearing
no
more
at
Sea
,
the
Hollanders
gave
over
chacing
them
,
and
de
Ruiter
arrived
the
same
Day
,
and
anchored
at
Wielingen
,
which
was
the
Rendezvous
appointed
them
by
the
States
,
his
Fleet
then
consisting
of
60
Men
of
War
.
Nine
Holland
Men
of
War
,
besides
that
Commanded
by
Colonel
de
Gent
,
which
were
most
endamaged
,
or
who
had
Orders
to
guard
home
the
Prises
taken
from
the
English
,
were
already
arrived
at
Goree
:
Ten
more
had
been
sent
before
at
several
Times
upon
the
same
Errand
to
the
Texel
,
which
was
the
Place
of
their
Rendezvous
.
And
the
four
others
,
as
we
have
already
related
,
were
burnt
or
sunk
in
the
Fight
,
making
in
all
,
with
a
light
Frigat
of
the
Meuse
,
that
had
served
the
Fleet
as
an
Advice-Yacht
,
the
number
of
85
Men
of
War
that
composed
the
Fleet
,
besides
Fireships
and
Tenders
,
when
it
came
out
of
the
Texel
:
Whereas
on
the
contrary
we
hear
,
That
the
Remainder
of
the
English
Fleet
retired
in
Disorder
into
the
nearest
Harbours
,
and
the
most
of
them
into
Harwich
.
To
this
let
us
add
for
conclusion
,
That
the
Vnited
Provinces
have
all
the
reason
in
the
World
to
thank
God
for
blessing
their
Arms
with
so
signal
a
Victory
,
since
without
counting
in
those
Ships
of
the
Enemies
that
were
burnt
or
sunk
,
of
which
the
Dutch
Officers
had
no
Knowledge
,
the
English
Fleet
was
weakened
with
the
Loss
of
23
Men
of
War
taken
or
destroyed
by
the
Hollanders
;
among
which
,
were
an
Admiral
and
a
Vice-Admiral
:
Whereas
on
the
side
of
the
Vnited
Provinces
,
there
are
counted
but
4
lost
,
neither
did
there
remain
any
thing
in
the
Hands
of
the
English
,
after
a
Battle
of
4
Days
,
that
could
shew
the
least
Advantage
they
had
gotten
over
the
Hollanders
that
could
diminish
the
Glory
of
the
Victory
,
that
was
so
justly
due
to
them
.
This
was
the
Relation
publish'd
by
the
States
,
of
the
memorable
Battle
of
4
Days
,
the
Bloodiest
and
most
terrible
one
certainly
that
ever
was
fought
at
Sea
.
But
the
unexpected
speedy
coming
out
of
the
English
Fleet
again
in
little
above
6
Weeks
after
,
with
much
greater
Strength
than
before
;
and
with
several
of
those
Ships
said
to
have
been
lost
,
took
off
very
much
from
the
Credit
of
the
abovesaid
Relation
,
how
Authentick
soever
it
had
appeared
before
.
However
,
that
dear-bought
Advantage
which
they
called
a
Victory
,
was
so
much
the
greater
on
the
Hollanders
side
;
because
their
Allies
,
the
French
,
were
not
there
to
share
with
them
in
it
,
but
only
decoying
away
a
considerable
part
of
the
English
Forces
to
hunt
after
them
,
where
they
were
resolved
not
to
be
found
,
had
left
the
Dutch
the
fair
Opportunity
,
with
their
whole
Force
,
to
fall
upon
little
more
than
half
the
English
Royal
Navy
.
For
notwithstanding
all
the
fair
Promises
France
had
made
,
to
joyn
their
Fleet
to
that
of
the
States
,
and
the
mighty
Hopes
they
had
given
them
of
their
great
Designs
,
they
all
vanisht
into
Smoak
,
the
French
having
no
other
Design
at
the
Bottom
,
as
has
been
already
hinted
,
and
has
since
more
visibly
appeared
,
but
to
get
their
Ships
built
,
to
procure
Men
skilful
in
Naval
Architecture
,
and
to
learn
the
way
of
Sea-Fight
;
which
they
effected
first
by
striking
in
with
the
Dutch
,
and
afterwards
perfected
by
wheedling
the
King
of
England
,
which
has
proved
since
to
the
Smart
of
both
Nations
.
In
a
Word
,
as
to
the
Fighting
Part
,
the
French
left
the
Dutch
to
cope
alone
with
the
Maritime
Forces
of
England
,
as
they
did
in
a
following
War
,
the
English
to
deal
with
those
of
Holland
,
tho'
to
hinder
England
from
putting
forth
its
full
Strength
,
they
were
pleased
to
appear
with
their
Fleet
to
be
Spectators
of
the
Fray
in
which
they
were
sure
to
be
Winners
whosoever
lost
.
But
to
return
again
to
our
direct
Subject
,
it
may
be
said
,
That
under
God
the
undaunted
Courage
and
wise
Conduct
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
de
Ruiter
had
the
greatest
Share
in
what
Advantage
was
gotten
in
that
fierce
Battle
against
the
Potent
and
Warlike
,
who
tho'
outnumbred
and
overpowered
,
yet
fought
so
obstinately
,
that
they
would
in
all
probability
have
ravished
the
Victory
from
a
less
expert
and
valiant
Chieftain
than
he
.
For
he
ranged
his
People
in
Battle
with
so
much
Judgment
,
and
made
them
fight
in
such
admirable
Order
,
that
in
spite
of
the
most
desperate
Efforts
the
Enemies
could
make
to
break
his
Squadrons
,
it
was
impossible
for
them
to
effect
their
Purpose
.
For
that
Great
Man
was
observed
with
an
indefatigable
Care
,
to
encourage
his
Captains
and
Seamen
,
and
influence
them
to
make
his
Fleet
tack
and
wheel
about
with
such
nimble
and
well-timed
Motions
,
that
at
the
least
signal
he
was
immediately
obeyed
,
and
thereby
lost
no
opportunity
to
charge
the
Enemies
where
there
was
any
prospect
of
advantage
.
But
his
Courage
appeared
in
its
Chiefest
Lustre
when
he
had
occasion
to
break
into
the
heart
of
the
Enemies
Fleet
to
relieve
any
of
his
Ships
and
Commanders
that
were
distressed
and
surrounded
by
them
;
so
that
by
his
presence
and
the
good
Order
he
gave
every
where
and
in
every
thing
,
he
from
the
very
beginning
of
the
fight
did
all
that
could
be
done
to
trace
out
himself
a
way
to
Victory
.
Neither
was
the
bravery
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
less
Admirable
than
that
of
de
Ruiter
,
considering
his
undaunted
boldness
in
breaking
in
among
the
Enemies
,
and
in
exposing
himself
so
much
to
the
most
imminent
dangers
,
that
he
was
several
times
forced
to
change
his
Ship
.
At
the
sight
of
his
Flag
the
Enemies
seldom
failed
soon
to
turn
Tail
and
fly
,
looking
upon
him
to
be
the
scourge
of
their
Arms.
And
because
his
Flag
had
been
put
up
in
several
other
Ships
he
was
forced
to
remove
into
during
the
fight
,
the
English
askt
,
whether
there
were
five
or
six
Tromp's
in
the
Holland
Fleet
or
no
?
For
indeed
,
it
may
be
said
,
he
was
in
a
manner
every
where
,
never
recoiling
,
but
being
often
enclosed
in
the
midst
of
the
Enemies
Squadrons
,
enduring
the
greatest
fire
of
their
Guns
by
the
terrible
and
frequent
broad
sides
,
they
let
flie
at
him
.
The
rest
of
the
Officers
of
the
Fleet
,
both
General
and
Inferiour
,
strove
likewise
with
Emulation
,
which
should
give
the
most
signal
marks
of
their
Courage
in
that
fierce
Engagement
.
However
the
gaining
of
that
Battle
cost
the
Hollanders
the
Blood
and
Lives
of
a
great
many
brave
men
who
died
there
in
the
Bed
of
Honour
,
viz.
Cornelius
Evertsz
,
Vice
Admiral
Vander
Hulst
,
Rear
Admiral
Staghouwer
,
the
Captains
Otho
Van
Treslong
,
Solomonsz
,
Jansz
,
Vttenhout
,
Wouter
,
Wyngaarden
,
Adam
Hourtuin
,
Simon
Bink
,
and
about
800
Seamen
or
Soldiers
.
The
Number
of
the
wounded
amounted
to
11
or
1200
,
amongst
whom
was
Captain
Vikrot
who
died
a
little
while
after
at
Hoorne
.
But
the
loss
of
the
English
,
was
as
we
have
said
,
related
to
be
incomparably
greater
,
there
being
reckoned
to
be
about
6000
men
killed
,
amongst
whom
were
the
Vice
Admirals
,
Sir
Wil.
Barkley
and
Sir
Christopher
Mings
,
and
several
Captains
.
And
about
3000
English
were
made
Prisoners
,
that
were
either
saved
out
of
the
ships
that
were
sunk
,
or
else
found
on
board
those
that
were
taken
.
Besides
which
,
the
Holland
Accounts
reckon
them
to
have
lost
23
men
of
War
,
whereof
17
were
said
to
be
burnt
,
or
sunk
,
and
the
other
6
,
viz.
the
Swiftsure
,
the
Loyal
George
,
the
Levenwolden
,
and
the
Couvertyne
were
carried
into
Goree
,
and
the
Essex
and
the
Nagelboom
into
the
Texel
.
Amongst
other
remarkable
passages
in
that
fight
,
the
undaunted
Resolution
of
Vice-Admiral
Barkley
was
much
admired
,
who
having
40
men
killed
on
board
him
,
and
being
no
longer
able
to
make
resistance
,
yet
was
so
obstinately
bent
to
fight
,
that
he
would
take
no
quarter
,
and
would
have
killed
with
his
own
hand
3
or
4
of
his
Enemies
that
had
boarded
his
Ship
;
but
at
last
being
shot
into
the
throat
with
a
Musket
Bullet
,
he
retired
into
the
Captains
Cabbin
,
where
laying
himself
down
at
his
length
on
a
Table
,
he
was
found
in
that
posture
dead
by
the
Victors
,
all
over
besmear'd
with
the
blood
flowing
out
of
his
wounds
.
Rear
Admiral
Sweers
,
having
boarded
Admiral
Ayschew's
Ship
,
this
Latter
delivered
to
him
the
Keys
of
his
and
yielded
himself
up
to
the
discretion
of
the
Victour
.
The
Hollanders
took
out
of
his
Ship
,
500
men
,
and
a
little
while
after
the
flames
getting
to
the
Powder
Room
,
it
blew
up
about
11
a
Clock
at
night
.
That
Ship
carried
92
Guns
,
of
which
those
of
the
lowest
Tire
were
of
thirty
six
Pounds
Bore
,
and
there
were
8
of
48.
Her
whole
Compliment
of
Men
was
620
,
and
she
was
the
same
Ship
that
the
King
of
England
embark'd
in
when
he
returned
to
be
Re-establish'd
in
his
Throne
,
in
1660.
Vice
Admiral
Mings
having
received
a
Musket
shot
in
his
throat
stood
about
half
an
hour
holding
his
Finger
upon
the
wound
,
to
keep
it
closed
,
and
to
stop
the
blood
,
but
a
second
Musket
shot
taking
him
in
the
neck
he
died
,
after
having
given
most
signal
proofs
of
his
Courage
to
the
very
last
gasp
.
Admiral
Ayschew
was
carried
to
the
Chatellany
at
the
Hague
,
on
the
16th
.
of
June
,
from
whence
he
was
Conducted
to
the
Audience
of
their
High
and
Mightinesses
,
and
afterwards
carried
to
Louvestein
,
under
a
good
Guard
of
Horse
,
from
whence
he
writ
the
following
Letter
to
His
British
Majesty
.
SIR
,
William
Barkley
kill'd
.
As
to
what
remains
,
the
Silence
and
Secrecy
that
prevails
here
keeps
me
in
Ignorance
at
present
of
the
other
particulars
of
the
fight
.
The
Reports
that
go
abroad
here
,
make
our
losses
to
amount
to
36
men
of
War
taken
,
burnt
,
or
sunk
,
and
4000
Prisoners
.
God
grant
they
may
prove
false
.
In
the
mean
while
,
I
beseech
your
Majesty
,
to
take
our
misfortune
with
patience
,
and
to
have
compassion
of
our
Family
.
Postscript
.
I
Have
received
all
imaginable
civilities
as
well
from
the
Officers
of
the
Dutch
Fleet
,
as
from
the
States
General
.
I
was
much
suprized
when
I
arrived
at
Rottendam
,
to
see
the
Streets
so
full
of
Seamen
;
for
I
could
not
Comprehend
how
so
powerfull
a
Fleet
and
that
was
so
well
mann'd
should
leave
so
many
Seamen
still
in
the
Country
.
The
States
considering
the
great
worth
,
and
noble
extraction
of
Sir
William
Barkley
who
was
one
of
the
Kings
chief
Favourites
,
and
Brother-in-Law
to
the
Duke
of
York
,
having
married
a
Daughter
of
the
Lord
Chancellour
Hide
about
two
months
before
,
ordered
his
Body
to
be
Embalm'd
,
and
deposited
at
the
Hague
.
And
sent
the
following
Letter
to
his
British
Majesty
to
inform
him
of
it
.
SIR
,
WE
always
thought
,
Willaim
Barkley
Vice
Admiral
of
the
White
Squadron
in
your
Majesties
Fleet.
He
gave
such
great
proofs
of
his
bravery
and
undaunted
Courage
in
the
last
fight
,
that
we
were
willing
to
pay
those
best
duties
to
his
Illustrious
memory
.
For
that
effect
we
have
Order'd
his
Body
to
be
embalm'd
,
till
such
time
as
his
near
Relations
,
and
those
to
whom
his
memory
is
dear
can
otherwise
dispose
of
it
,
as
they
shall
think
best
.
In
the
mean
while
,
we
have
caused
it
to
be
placed
in
the
great
Church
,
in
a
State
suitable
to
his
Birth
,
Valour
,
and
the
great
Services
he
has
render'd
your
Majesty
,
who
may
please
to
send
such
order
concerning
it
as
you
shall
think
fit
.
And
if
it
be
your
good
pleasure
to
have
it
transported
into
England
,
we
desire
you
would
be
pleased
to
grant
the
necessary
Passports
for
the
security
of
the
Yacht
we
intend
to
give
for
his
Transportation
.
But
if
on
the
contrary
,
your
Majesty
shall
chuse
rather
to
have
him
Inter'd
in
the
place
where
he
now
is
,
you
will
be
pleased
to
let
us
know
your
will
,
to
which
we
shall
always
endeavour
to
conform
our selves
,
as
far
as
the
present
State
of
affairs
will
permit
.
We
recommend
your
Majesties
Sacred
person
to
the
protection
of
God
,
&c.
In
the
mean
while
,
the
States
to
thank
God
for
the
gaining
of
so
great
an
advantage
,
and
to
pray
him
to
bless
their
Arms
in
the
rest
of
the
Course
of
the
War
as
he
had
done
in
those
happy
beginnings
,
ordered
a
Thanksgiving-day
,
which
was
solemnly
observed
the
last
day
of
June
,
and
followed
by
publick
Rejoicings
and
Bonfires
,
in
which
not
only
the
people
of
the
United
Provinces
had
part
,
but
likewise
all
the
Countries
in
which
their
High
and
Mightinesses
had
any
Ministers
residing
.
All
the
Captains
of
the
Danish
Fleet
fired
all
their
Guns
three
times
to
the
honour
of
the
Hollanders
,
their
Allies
;
And
the
Queen
of
Denmark
,
gave
a
splendid
Feast
to
all
the
Lords
and
Ladies
of
the
Court
,
at
which
the
King
was
present
.
And
the
same
Rejoicings
were
celebrated
at
Stockholm
,
at
Ratisbonn
,
at
Paris
,
at
Madrid
,
at
Genua
,
and
at
all
the
Courts
of
Europe
where
the
States
had
any
Ambassadors
,
which
were
continued
three
days
together
,
with
Feastings
,
Fire-works
and
Vollies
of
small
shot
.
The
Town
of
Brussels
was
the
only
place
that
lookt
upon
all
that
with
an
evil
Eye
.
For
the
Mobb
getting
together
near
the
Dutch
Resident
Sasburg's
house
,
committed
a
thousand
insolences
,
and
because
they
were
hindred
from
pulling
down
the
Scaffolds
set
up
for
some
Fire
works
,
they
were
so
Transported
with
Rage
and
Fury
,
that
they
fell
upon
the
house
of
the
Resident
,
crying
out
;
Long
live
the
King
of
Spain
and
the
King
of
England
;
and
those
Mutineers
continued
their
insolences
till
the
Marquess
of
Castel
Rodrigo
,
Governour
of
the
Low-Countries
reduced
them
to
their
duty
with
a
Body
of
Horse
;
after
which
he
made
excuses
to
the
States
,
Testifying
to
them
how
sensibly
displeased
he
was
,
that
he
was
not
able
to
prevent
all
those
disorders
.
On
the
5th
.
of
July
,
were
performed
the
Funerals
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
Cornelius
Evertsz
,
and
Vice
Admiral
Vander
Hulst
,
to
whom
great
honours
were
paid
.
The
latter
of
them
was
interr'd
in
the
Old
Church
at
Amsterdam
,
where
a
Marble
Tomb
was
erected
with
his
Statue
,
at
the
publick
charge
,
in
Memory
of
his
great
Actions
.
And
his
Epitaph
was
engraven
on
a
Table
of
Black
Marble
in
these
Terms
in
Dutch.
Ter
Onsterlijker
gedachtenis
van
den
Ed.
Manhaften
Zeeheld
Abraham
Vander
Hulst
.
Vice-Admiral
van
Holland
en
West
Friesland
,
gebooren
tot
Amsterdam
den
9
April
MDCXIX
.
Here
rust
by
dio
niet
Rusten
kon
,
Eer
by
Zijn
Vyand
overwon
:
Om
Hoog
lieft
by
en
Vreugden
,
In
Marmor
door
Ziin
deugden
.
Anno
1666.
Of
which
the
Sense
in
Englsh
is
this
,
To
the
immortal
Memory
of
the
Illustrious
Hero
,
Abraham
Vander
Hulst
.
Vice-Admiral
of
Holland
and
West-Friesland
,
Born
at
Amsterdam
April
9.
1619.
He
that
never
had
any
rest
till
he
had
vanquished
his
Enemies
,
now
rests
here
.
He
lives
in
Heaven
in
perfect
Felicity
,
and
upon
this
Marble
by
his
Vertues
.
Anno
1666.
Lieutenant-Admiral
John
Evertsz
,
whose
Conduct
had
appear'd
suspicious
,
and
whom
the
States
,
to
appease
the
incensed
People
,
had
order'd
to
quit
his
Employment
for
a
time
,
would
needs
sollicite
for
a
re-establishment
after
the
death
of
his
Brother
;
and
for
that
effect
he
writ
to
the
States
of
Zealand
,
representing
to
them
,
That
he
passionately
wish'd
he
might
be
permitted
to
render
his
Services
to
his
Country
as
he
had
done
before
,
in
quality
of
Lieutenant-Admiral
of
that
Province
:
That
he
ardently
desir'd
to
sacrifice
his
Life
for
the
Publick
Interest
,
in
so
pressing
an
Occasion
as
that
as
his
Father
,
four
of
his
Brothers
,
and
one
of
his
Sons
had
done
before
him
with
so
much
Glory
,
who
all
had
the
Happiness
to
die
in
the
Service
of
the
State
,
with
their
Arms
in
their
Hands
,
after
they
had
signaliz'd
themselves
in
many
Battels
.
The
States
of
Zealand
making
Reflection
upon
his
consummate
Experience
in
Sea-affairs
,
and
the
undaunted
Courage
and
good
Conduct
he
had
shewn
in
several
Battels
,
and
even
in
the
very
last
Years
Fight
,
according
to
the
unanimous
Testimony
of
all
the
Officers
of
the
Fleet
,
granted
his
Demands
,
as
being
perswaded
,
that
at
a
time
when
they
had
lost
so
many
great
Men
,
this
Gentleman
might
do
good
Services
to
his
Country
by
succeeding
them
.
And
accordingly
having
propos'd
it
in
the
Assembly
of
the
States-General
,
they
consented
to
it
.
The
States
Fleet
being
got
ready
to
put
to
Sea
again
,
and
being
60
sail
strong
of
Men
of
War
or
Frigats
,
unmoor'd
on
the
5th
of
July
from
Wielingen
,
under
the
Conduct
of
Admiral
de
Ruiter
;
and
some
regular
Land-Troops
,
drawn
out
of
the
Garrisons
,
were
privately
march'd
beforehand
,
to
be
embark'd
on
board
some
Transport-ships
,
which
were
design'd
to
make
a
Descent
.
And
all
the
whole
Fleet
being
thus
advanced
over
against
Schoonevelt
,
was
reinforced
with
5
Men
of
War
and
7
Frigats
,
besides
another
Reinforcement
they
receiv
d
some
days
after
,
by
the
arrival
of
Lieutenant-Admiral
Tromp
,
and
some
other
general
Officers
,
out
of
the
Meuse
or
the
Texel
.
The
great
diligence
and
expedition
that
was
used
to
get
betimes
to
Sea
,
and
to
prevent
the
English
,
made
them
conceive
great
Hopes
of
Success
;
for
they
promised
themselves
to
be
able
to
surprize
the
Enemies
,
to
enter
into
the
River
of
Thames
,
or
Harwich
,
to
make
some
considerable
havock
there
,
and
destroy
the
Enemy's
Fleet
,
or
at
least
to
make
some
Descent
.
But
they
were
mightily
surpriz'd
when
they
saw
those
People
whom
they
thought
they
had
maul'd
and
weaken'd
beyond
a
recovery
for
that
Year
,
appear
of
a
sudden
towards
Diep
Royal
,
with
a
Fleet
of
no
less
than
88
sail
of
Men
of
War
or
Frigats
,
13
Fireships
,
20
Advice-Yatchts
,
besides
Transport-ships
;
so
that
the
English
Fleet
,
who
had
had
Advice
of
the
setting
out
of
the
Holland
Fleet
,
knew
so
well
how
to
secure
themselves
of
all
the
Posts
where
any
Descent
could
be
made
,
by
placing
there
both
Horse
and
Foot
,
that
they
quite
broke
all
the
Designs
of
the
Hollanders
,
who
saw
themselves
thereby
disabled
to
attempt
any
thing
for
want
of
good
Sounders
.
The
Dutch
Fleet
was
divided
into
three
Squadrons
,
the
first
of
which
was
under
the
immediate
Conduct
of
Lieutenant-Admiral
General
de
Ruiter
;
the
second
under
the
Lieutenant-Admirals
Evertsz
,
and
Tierke
Hiddes
de
Vries
;
and
the
third
was
commanded
by
the
Lieutenant-Admirals
Tromp
and
Van
Meppel
;
and
in
that
order
they
kept
the
mouth
of
the
Thames
shut
up
till
the
first
day
of
August
;
and
then
the
English
Fleet
,
being
90
sail
strong
,
taking
advantage
of
the
Tide
,
came
out
of
the
River
in
sight
of
the
Dutch
Fleet
,
which
gave
place
to
them
,
because
de
Ruiter
was
afraid
of
running
aground
upon
the
Coasts
of
England
,
and
so
had
done
all
he
could
to
make
his
Fleet
sheer
off
to
a
convenient
distance
from
it
,
that
he
might
give
no
Advantage
to
the
Enemy
so
near
their
own
Coasts
.
And
as
it
hapned
,
't
was
a
great
Happiness
for
the
Dutch
Fleet
they
had
done
so
;
for
the
next
day
,
the
Wind
rising
high
,
was
follow'd
with
a
furious
Tempest
of
Thunder
,
Lightning
,
and
a
great
Rain
;
but
,
which
lasted
not
very
long
,
the
next
day
,
viz.
the
4th
of
August
,
the
two
hostile
Fleets
anchor'd
pretty
near
one-another
,
and
passed
all
the
Night
in
presence
one
of
the
other
.
The
English
Navy
commanded
by
General
Monk
was
composed
of
90
sail
of
Men
of
War
,
and
20
Fireships
,
and
was
likewise
divided
into
three
Squadrons
,
viz.
the
White
Squadron
,
commanded
by
Sir
Thomas
Allen
;
the
Red
one
,
under
the
Conduct
of
General
Monk
;
and
the
Blew
one
,
commanded
by
Sir
Jeremy
Smith
.
The
fight
begun
about
noon
next
day
,
and
was
so
very
disastrous
to
the
Hollanders
,
that
it
render'd
almost
for
ever
ireconcilable
the
two
greatest
Men
for
Sea-affairs
that
ever
the
Ocean
bore
,
or
that
ever
the
Vnited
Provinces
had
to
command
their
Fleets
;
I
mean
,
de
Ruiter
and
Tromp
:
Whether
it
were
that
that
Misunderstanding
proceeded
from
the
Jealousie
Tromp
had
conceived
,
by
reason
of
the
States
conferring
upon
de
Ruiter
the
chief
Command
of
the
Fleet
at
his
return
from
Guiney
;
or
whether
Providence
,
that
presided
over
all
Events
,
had
a
mind
to
conceal
from
us
the
true
Cause
of
it
,
we
know
not
;
but
yet
methinks
't
is
more
probable
to
believe
,
that
Envy
,
which
is
always
the
Enemy
of
the
Vertue
and
Merit
of
Great
Men
,
was
minded
that
way
spightfully
to
make
a
mortal
thrust
at
the
Reputation
of
Tromp
;
but
that
his
Reputation
was
always
so
well
and
firmly
establish'd
in
the
World
,
that
nothing
will
ever
be
able
to
shake
it
,
nor
make
the
least
impression
upon
it
.
Let
us
say
then
rather
,
that
in
the
heat
of
the
Fight
,
and
being
transported
by
his
natural
Eagerness
and
Intrepidity
,
he
would
needs
give
chase
to
the
English
Blew
Squadron
,
and
that
was
it
that
was
all
his
Crime
;
for
if
de
Ruiter
and
the
Lieutenant-Admirals
Evertsz
and
de
Vries
had
gained
any
advantage
over
the
English
,
I
am
perswaded
,
they
never
would
have
complain'd
that
Tromp
had
deserted
them
.
In
the
mean
while
,
by
a
sad
reverse
of
Jadish
and
Unconstant
Fortune
,
the
Hollanders
,
who
had
gathered
some
Lawrels
in
the
precedent
Expedition
,
were
forced
in
this
last
to
yield
to
the
English
the
so
much
contested
Empire
of
the
Sea
.
The
better
to
satisfie
the
World
of
the
principal
Circumstances
of
that
famous
Fight
,
we
shall
insert
here
the
Letters
written
by
the
general
Officers
of
the
Fleet
,
to
the
States
,
about
it
.
High
and
Mighty
Lords
,
de
Lorrain
,
de
Lavoy
,
and
de
Coaslin
leapt
with
their
Retinue
,
who
went
and
forced
the
Fireship's
Men
to
jump
into
the
Sea
,
and
save
themselves
by
swimming
,
after
they
had
set
Fire
to
her
,
and
so
by
that
glorious
Action
preserved
the
Admiral
Ship
from
Flames
.
In
the
mean
while
having
discovered
some
of
our
Ships
that
were
scattered
from
us
in
the
Darkness
of
the
Night
,
the
English
sent
a
Detachment
of
some
Ships
from
their
Fleet
to
give
them
Chace
;
which
as
soon
as
I
perceived
I
summoned
all
the
Officers
on
Board
the
Admiral
Ship
,
20
of
which
were
commanded
by
Order
of
Vice-Admiral
Bankert
,
to
oppose
the
Design
of
the
Enemies
.
As
soon
as
the
Account
of
the
Ammunition
and
Provision
,
which
the
said
Officers
of
the
Fleet
have
need
of
,
as
also
of
the
Losses
and
Damages
they
have
suffered
,
shall
be
drawn
up
,
as
they
have
represented
it
to
me
several
times
,
I
will
take
Care
to
send
it
to
the
Colleges
of
the
Admiralties
.
I
have
also
been
informed
in
general
,
with
much
Regret
,
of
the
Death
of
some
of
our
General
Officers
and
Captains
;
namely
,
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
John
Evertsz
,
who
having
one
of
his
Legs
shot
off
,
died
a
little
after
.
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tierke
Hiddes
de
Vries
,
has
likewise
a
Leg
shot
off
,
and
is
in
Danger
of
Death
;
his
Ship
lost
us
in
the
Night
,
and
that
of
Vice-Admiral
Bankert
is
sunk
:
Vice-Admiral
Koenders
is
likewise
killed
,
as
also
the
Captains
Ruth
Maximilian
,
Jeupian
Poel
,
and
Henry
Vroom
.
Captain
Hugh
van
Nieuhof
having
lost
a
Leg
,
and
Cornelius
Hogenhoek
being
wounded
in
the
Belly
are
also
in
great
Danger
of
losing
their
Lives
.
As
for
the
Enemies
Losses
,
I
have
yet
no
Knowledge
of
them
,
but
by
the
Report
of
the
abovesaid
Officers
,
2
English
Ships
were
sunk
,
and
2
burnt
.
However
,
it
is
certain
,
and
we
were
Eye-Witnesses
of
it
,
that
they
were
very
roughly
treated
,
and
that
most
part
of
their
Ships
will
be
forced
to
retire
soundly
battered
.
I
am
perswaded
your
High
and
Mightinesses
will
be
informed
of
it
,
even
before
you
have
received
this
present
,
&c.
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
coming
next
Day
before
Wielingen
with
his
Squadron
,
writ
to
the
States
the
Letter
following
.
High
and
mighty
Lords
,
YEsterday
Morning
,
Jeremy
Smith
,
carrying
a
Blue
Flag
,
through
which
I
opened
my self
a
Passage
with
my
Squadron
,
till
I
had
gained
the
Weather-gage
;
so
that
the
Enemies
Rear
being
thereby
separated
from
their
Main
Battle
,
we
fought
them
till
N●ght
came
on
,
and
till
at
last
we
put
them
to
the
Rout
;
we
chaced
them
all
Night
,
without
being
able
to
hear
any
thing
either
of
the
Vanguard
or
of
the
Main
Battle
.
The
next
morning
,
finding
our selves
neer
the
Galloper
,
we
continued
still
for
some
time
to
pursue
the
Enemies
,
but
seeing
't
was
to
no
purpose
,
and
that
nothing
was
able
to
make
them
stop
,
we
resolved
to
veer
back
towards
Admiral
de
Ruiter
.
When
the
flying
English
saw
that
,
they
veered
back
towards
us
,
and
followed
us
with
little
Sail
till
the
Dusk
of
Night
.
Then
we
discovered
the
main
Body
of
the
English
Fleet
to
Leeward
of
us
;
who
Luffed
,
to
make
up
to
joyn
us
;
but
we
could
hear
nothing
all
the
while
neither
of
Admiral
de
Ruiter
,
nor
of
the
other
General
Officers
of
our
Fleet
,
till
towards
Evening
we
discerned
a
Ship
coming
towards
us
,
which
appeared
to
us
to
be
that
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tierke
Hiddes
,
but
because
she
had
neither
Flag
nor
Top-mast
,
we
took
that
for
an
unlucky
presage
.
We
are
arrived
this
Day
before
Wielingen
,
with
our
Squadron
which
is
still
in
a
good
Condition
,
and
wants
nothing
but
Ammunition
.
If
we
were
so
happy
as
to
be
informed
where
Admiral
de
Ruiter
is
,
we
would
use
all
diligence
imaginable
to
go
and
joyn
him
.
The
Main
Body
of
the
Enemies
Fleet
luffs
as
much
as
't
is
possible
,
so
that
if
no
Assistance
come
in
to
us
,
we
shall
be
forced
to
our
great
Regret
to
retire
to
Wielingen
.
Lieutenant
Admiral
John
Cornelius
Meppel
,
who
joyntly
with
Tromp
had
given
Chace
to
the
English
Blue
Squadron
,
came
to
an
Anchor
before
Ter
Veer
,
from
whence
he
writ
the
following
Letter
to
the
College
of
the
Admiralty
of
the
North.
Noble
and
Potent
Lords
,
THis
present
is
only
to
let
your
High
and
Mightinesses
know
,
Blue
Squadron
,
being
backt
by
the
Captains
belonging
to
my
own
Flag
,
who
seconded
me
with
all
imaginable
Bravery
,
so
that
the
abovesaid
Vice-Admiral
was
forced
to
retire
sorely
battered
.
It
was
then
calm
Weather
,
which
hindred
us
from
advancing
.
I
have
above
100
Men
killed
or
wounded
on
Board
me
,
whom
I
will
endeavour
with
all
speed
to
send
on
Shore
.
My
Main
Mast
has
been
shot
through
with
7
Cannon
Balls
,
and
my
Ship
is
so
pierced
with
Shot
too
,
that
't
is
scarce
to
be
believed
;
I
was
in
Danger
of
Sinking
,
and
my
lower
Tire
of
Guns
was
already
under
Water
;
but
the
great
Diligence
we
employed
in
stopping
up
the
Holes
,
has
preserved
us
.
I
am
sensibly
concerned
that
things
did
not
go
,
as
it
was
to
be
wished
.
However
,
Tromp
and
I
forced
the
Enemies
Squadron
to
betake
themselves
to
Flight
,
which
they
continued
to
do
the
next
Day
as
fast
as
they
possibly
could
.
And
because
we
thought
not
fit
to
pursue
them
any
longer
,
we
tackt
about
to
the
Southward
,
to
seek
out
de
Ruiter
,
whom
we
have
not
been
yet
able
to
find
,
and
we
are
much
troubled
,
he
was
not
seconded
.
But
God
knows
the
Bottom
of
the
Affair
,
of
which
doubtless
your
High
and
Mightinesses
will
afterwards
be
informed
.
POSTSCRIPT
.
Our
Rear-Admiral
de
Haan
is
killed
,
with
James
Gerritsz
Roemer
,
and
15
or
16
more
were
likewise
killed
or
wounded
.
Vice-Admiral
Schram
and
I
are
well
.
Captain
Isbrand
Clement
has
his
Leg
quasht
to
pieces
;
my
two
Lieutenants
are
mortally
wounded
.
T
ys
Ryndertsz
is
well
.
Seven
Days
after
the
Arrival
of
Tromp
,
Admiral
de
Ruiter
writ
the
following
Letter
,
as
he
rid
at
Anchor
between
Flushing
and
Zouteland
.
High
and
mighty
Lords
,
SInce
my
last
,
written
on
the
5th
of
this
Month
,
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
has
appeared
in
the
Road
with
the
Squadron
under
his
command
,
and
as
far
as
I
could
observe
as
it
was
passing
,
it
was
very
little
or
nothing
at
all
endamaged
.
He
has
reported
to
me
,
That
on
the
4th
towards
the
Evening
,
he
was
in
Action
with
the
Blue
Squadron
,
which
he
put
to
the
Rout
,
after
he
had
burnt
one
of
their
Ships
carrying
64
Guns
,
whereof
53
were
of
Brass
,
and
a
Fireship
which
he
also
destroyed
with
the
Flames
.
The
Ship
of
the
deceased
Admiral
Tierke
Hiddes
de
Uries
is
also
come
,
very
much
shattered
,
into
the
Road
with
the
said
Squadron
of
Tromp
,
so
that
of
all
the
States
Fleet
we
have
lost
only
the
Ship
of
Vice-Admiral
Bankert
,
and
that
of
Ruird
Hillebrandt
.
Yesterday
in
the
Evening
we
came
to
an
anchor
between
Zouteland
and
Flushing
,
from
whence
we
perceived
the
English
Fleet
before
our
Coasts
consisting
of
about
80
Sail
great
and
small
.
I
hourly
expect
the
Deputies
of
your
High
and
Mightinesses
,
to
give
Order
about
all
things
,
&c.
Tho'
the
Loss
of
this
Battle
was
very
sensible
to
the
Vnited
Provinces
,
yet
they
pretended
,
the
English
had
no
reason
to
brag
of
having
got
any
other
Advantage
over
the
Dutch
Fleet
than
that
of
having
divided
their
Squadrons
;
tho'
't
is
true
,
they
thought
by
that
means
the
more
easily
to
destroy
them
one
after
another
.
Here
follows
an
extract
of
the
Letter
sent
by
Prince
Robert
and
General
Monk
,
to
White-Hall
,
after
the
Fight
,
by
which
it
appears
what
their
Design
was
.
We
flattered
our selves
very
much
,
that
de
Ruiter
would
fall
into
our
Hands
;
but
it
was
calm
Weather
,
and
our
small
Frigats
were
not
such
nimble
Sailers
as
theirs
.
They
were
before
their
own
Coasts
,
and
we
were
afraid
of
running
upon
the
Sand
Banks
.
In
the
mean
while
as
we
were
holding
a
Council
of
War
,
we
heard
some
firing
of
Guns
towards
the
North-west
,
which
made
us
presume
that
it
was
Tromp
,
with
Smith
,
and
therefore
we
resolved
to
make
up
towards
him
before
he
approached
any
nearer
Home
.
But
Tromp
retired
safely
,
and
we
followed
him
in
the
Royal
Charles
,
till
we
came
within
6
Fathoms
depth
of
Water
,
&c.
Smith
,
who
commanded
the
Blue
Squadron
,
met
with
but
a
very
ill
Reception
in
England
,
because
they
were
the
first
that
begun
to
flie
,
and
the
Officers
of
the
other
2
Squadrons
made
great
Complaints
against
him
.
In
the
mean
while
,
the
Deputies
of
the
Admiralties
and
the
Plenipotentiaries
of
the
States
with
the
Pensioner
de
Wit
,
came
on
board
Admiral
de
Ruiter
,
as
well
to
inform
themselves
of
the
particulars
of
the
fight
,
as
to
give
orders
for
putting
the
Fleet
to
Sea
again
with
all
imaginable
diligence
.
In
that
time
the
Differences
between
the
two
Admirals
de
Ruiter
and
Tromp
begun
to
break
out
.
For
de
Ruiter
complained
by
word
of
mouth
to
the
Deputies
and
Plenipotentiaries
,
as
he
had
done
before
by
Letter
,
to
the
States
,
of
the
Conduct
observed
by
Tromp
,
and
openly
charged
him
with
all
the
disorder
that
had
hapned
in
the
Fleet
,
and
with
the
ill
success
of
the
Battle
.
Tromp
having
understood
all
the
shrewd
passes
de
Ruiter
had
made
at
his
Reputation
,
thought
of
nothing
more
than
of
Vindicating
himself
from
so
great
and
bloody
an
outrage
,
by
charging
de
Ruiter
,
in
return
,
with
all
the
blame
he
imputed
to
him
:
And
for
that
effect
,
he
writ
the
following
Letter
to
the
States
General
,
and
to
the
States
of
Holland
.
High
and
Mightinesses
.
I
Find
my self
indispensably
obliged
to
inform
you
of
all
the
particulars
of
the
last
fight
between
your
Fleet
,
and
that
of
his
British
Majesty
.
On
the
4th
.
of
this
Month
,
the
English
Navy
came
up
right
to
us
,
the
wind
at
North-west
mixt
with
a
Calm
.
Our
Fleet
was
to
Lee-ward
,
Lieutenant
Admiral
Evertsz
having
the
Vanguard
,
advanced
in
good
order
by
favour
of
the
Wind.
At
that
motion
,
the
White
Squadron
,
followed
by
the
main
body
of
the
English
Battle
fell
upon
him
,
whilst
de
Ruiter
who
Commanded
the
main
body
of
our
Fleet
,
staid
about
two
hours
and
an
half
below
the
Rear
of
which
I
had
the
Conduct
,
so
that
Lieutenant
Admiral
Evertsz
was
already
so
far
advanced
,
that
his
Flag
was
hardly
to
be
discerned
,
and
the
great
distance
there
was
between
the
Van
and
the
Main
Battle
of
our
Fleet
gave
the
English
the
greatest
advantage
in
the
world
to
separate
one
from
the
other
.
And
Lieutenant
Admiral
de
Ruiter
,
who
remained
immovable
in
his
post
,
began
then
only
to
advance
to
follow
Evertsz
when
the
Van-guards
of
the
two
Hostile
Fleets
begun
to
Cannonade
one
another
.
In
the
mean
while
my
Squadron
that
shut
up
the
Rear
was
forced
to
remain
in
its
post
till
de
Ruiter
was
advanced
,
and
then
being
impatient
to
engage
,
we
endeavour'd
to
gain
the
Weather-gage
,
to
be
able
to
get
up
to
the
English
,
whilst
a
part
of
the
ships
of
de
Ruiter's
Squadron
were
still
mingled
among
ours
.
As
our
Squadron
was
thus
advancing
in
good
order
,
the
Rear
Admiral
of
the
Blue
Squadron
,
followed
by
a
Fire-ship
came
and
fell
upon
one
of
our
foremost
ships
,
which
our
Rear-Admiral
Vander
Zaan
seeing
,
he
set
the
Enemies
Fire-ship
on
fire
with
shot
from
his
great
guns
.
The
Admiral
of
the
Blue
Squadron
followed
likewise
by
a
Fire-ship
came
up
with
me
and
attackt
me
,
Who
was
backed
by
the
Captains
de
Haan
and
Van
Amstel
.
We
plaid
our
Guns
at
him
and
at
the
other
English
ships
,
whereof
one
being
very
much
shattered
,
and
I
finding
it
was
practicable
to
get
the
weather
of
her
,
we
boarded
her
,
being
backt
with
a
Fire-ship
,
and
after
we
had
battered
her
a
long
time
with
continual
Broad
sides
,
we
fastned
our
Fire-ship
upon
her
,
to
burn
her
to
Ashes
.
That
ship
was
called
the
Resolution
,
and
carried
64
Brass
Guns
,
and
2
Iron
ones
,
and
having
140
men
on
board
her
,
whereof
45
,
among
whom
were
a
Pilot
and
a
Quarter
Master
,
were
saved
by
our
men
.
Lieutenant
Admiral
Van
Meppel
,
and
Vice-Admiral
Swers
withstood
at
the
same
time
a
very
furious
Shock
.
This
latter
fought
a
long
time
against
the
Vice-Admiral
of
the
Blue
Squadron
,
who
returned
often
to
the
Charge
upon
him
with
fresh
Men
;
but
he
was
so
vigorously
repulsed
by
the
brave
Van
Meppel
,
that
he
was
forced
to
quit
him
with
Loss
;
However
Van
Meppel's
Ship
was
so
miserably
shattered
,
that
she
had
above
5
Foot
Water
in
her
Hold.
Our
Squadron
therefore
being
thus
engaged
in
Fight
,
separated
the
English
Rear-Guard
from
their
Main
Battle
,
so
that
we
fought
with
it
till
about
5
a
Clock
in
the
Afternoon
.
And
my
Ship
had
then
fired
away
10300
l
of
Powder
.
The
Vice-Admiral
of
the
Blue
which
was
behind
,
within
Cannon-shot
from
us
,
did
all
he
could
to
burn
Captain
de
Haan
,
but
the
Fire-ship's
Crew
that
were
detached
for
that
purpose
,
seeing
our
Boats
ready
to
receive
them
,
retired
with
haste
,
after
they
had
received
some
Cannon-shot
.
We
used
our
utmost
Endeavour
by
towing
to
get
up
to
him
,
but
to
no
purpose
.
However
,
soon
after
the
Wind
beginning
to
freshen
,
and
being
turned
to
the
South-west
,
we
took
the
Advantage
of
it
to
return
again
to
the
Charge
.
And
accordingly
I
gave
the
Signal
for
our
whole
Squadron
to
fall
all
together
at
the
same
time
upon
the
Enemy
;
and
at
the
same
time
our
other
Ships
,
the
Wind
being
changed
,
were
endeavouring
what
they
could
,
to
get
the
Weather-gage
.
By
the
Favour
of
that
fresh
Gale
,
we
came
up
with
the
Admiral
of
the
Blue
,
whom
we
treated
so
roughly
with
our
Guns
,
that
he
was
at
last
disabled
;
and
his
Master's
Cabbin
being
set
on
Fire
,
he
fired
some
Guns
to
advertise
his
Vice
and
Rear-Admirals
to
veer
back
towards
him
to
come
to
his
Assistance
;
but
the
Enemies
fearing
the
Danger
,
instead
of
veering
back
towards
him
,
shamefully
betook
themselves
to
Flight
;
And
had
it
not
been
for
the
Calm
which
then
came
on
,
in
all
probability
,
not
only
that
Admiral
,
but
the
most
part
of
the
Ships
of
his
Squadron
would
have
fallen
into
our
Hands
.
Having
gotten
then
such
great
Advantages
over
the
most
considerable
of
the
Enemies
Squadrons
,
we
were
,
in
the
Judgment
of
all
Men
experienced
in
Marine
Affairs
,
engaged
to
pursue
the
Victory
,
and
without
committing
an
irreparable
Blunder
,
we
could
not
let
them
retire
without
giving
them
Chace
;
for
supposing
we
had
let
the
Enemies
go
off
,
and
turned
back
to
go
to
the
Assistance
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
de
Ruiter
,
besides
that
the
Calm
would
not
have
permitted
us
,
we
should
have
been
the
Cause
of
the
Routing
of
the
Ships
of
de
Ruiters
,
and
Evertsz's
Squadrons
,
because
they
would
have
presumed
we
had
given
way
,
and
had
the
Enemies
at
our
Backs
,
so
that
by
that
means
,
we
should
not
only
have
discouraged
our
own
Ships
,
but
have
raised
the
Courage
of
our
Enemies
,
who
would
not
have
failed
in
that
case
to
pursue
us
.
I
leave
it
therefore
to
your
High
and
Mightinesses
,
and
to
all
brave
Marine
Officers
that
have
long
time
frequented
the
Sea
,
to
judge
,
Whether
if
Lieutenant
Admiral
de
Ruiter
had
timely
cut
off
the
Enemies
Vanguard
from
their
main
Body
,
as
we
did
their
Rear
,
we
should
not
have
gained
a
signal
Victory
?
I
add
,
That
that
might
have
been
executed
with
so
much
the
more
Ease
,
because
our
Van-Guard
was
strong
enough
successfully
to
have
fought
that
of
the
Enemies
.
I
protest
to
your
High
and
Mightinesses
,
That
Partiality
has
had
no
share
in
what
has
been
set
forth
,
I
being
ready
to
maintain
in
the
Face
of
the
whole
World
,
that
't
is
all
conformable
to
the
Truth
;
and
I
declare
before
God
,
That
I
have
done
nothing
that
betrays
my
Intentions
,
which
were
for
the
Good
of
the
Publick
,
and
the
Glory
of
my
Country
.
And
now
,
High
and
Mightinesses
,
I
cannot
suffer
without
Reparation
,
that
without
having
any
Regard
to
all
the
faithful
Services
I
have
done
,
Admiral
de
Ruiter
,
out
of
a
Principle
of
Hatred
and
Jealousie
,
should
offer
such
a
bloody
Outrage
to
my
Honour
and
Reputation
,
as
to
make
me
pass
for
a
villainous
and
ill-intentioned
Man
,
only
because
God
did
me
the
Favour
to
make
me
triumph
over
the
Enemies
with
a
small
Force
,
when
he
with
a
Strength
incomparably
greater
,
met
only
with
Shame
and
Disadvantage
on
his
side
.
So
then
,
if
I
have
in
this
occasion
,
acted
contrary
to
my
Honour
and
Duty
,
I
see
my self
uncapable
for
the
future
to
render
my
Services
to
my
Country
.
And
besides
,
't
is
not
now
a
Time
to
suffer
any
cowardly
or
villainous
Persons
in
the
great
Employments
at
Sea
,
but
it
is
rather
necessary
,
to
make
Choice
of
Prudent
and
Valiant
Captains
that
may
be
ready
at
all
times
to
sacrifice
their
Estates
and
Lives
for
the
Good
of
the
State
,
which
Advantages
I
can
without
vanity
say
,
I
have
hitherto
possessed
in
such
a
manner
,
that
I
believe
neither
Lieutenant
Admiral
de
Ruiter
,
nor
any
other
Man
living
upon
the
Face
of
the
Earth
,
is
able
to
ravish
them
from
me
.
But
I
apprehend
with
a
sensible
Regret
,
that
many
Disorders
will
happen
in
the
Fleet
;
and
that
the
Officers
and
Seamen
,
when
they
come
on
Shore
,
will
proceed
to
pernicious
Extremities
,
which
I
pray
God
of
his
Clemency
to
avert
,
putting
my
g
eatest
Hopes
in
him
,
and
in
the
wise
Conduct
of
your
High
and
Mightinesses
,
whom
I
recommend
to
his
Holy
Protection
,
and
remain
,
&c.
The
States
of
Holland
fearing
that
Hatred
between
the
two
Admirals
might
be
attended
with
fatal
Consequences
,
committed
that
Business
into
the
Hands
of
some
Members
of
their
Assembly
,
to
be
examined
;
and
Pensionary
de
Wit
,
who
had
always
entertain'd
an
irreconcilable
Hatred
for
Tromp
,
for
being
well
affected
to
the
Interests
of
the
illustrious
House
of
Orange
,
proposed
to
the
Assembly
of
the
States
of
Holland
,
the
Resolution
of
the
Commissioners
appointed
for
that
purpose
,
viz.
That
in
order
to
the
preserving
of
Vnion
and
Peace
in
the
Fleet
,
Tromp
should
be
cited
to
come
and
justifie
himself
;
That
he
agreed
not
with
Admiral
de
Ruiter
,
in
what
he
had
advanced
;
That
the
Service
of
the
State
absolutely
required
,
That
one
of
those
two
Admirals
should
be
put
out
of
his
Place
;
and
that
they
could
better
be
without
Tromp
,
than
de
Ruiter
,
&c.
That
Project
was
approved
by
the
Nobles
,
and
by
the
Towns
of
Dort
,
Delf
,
Leyden
,
Amsterdam
,
Gouda
,
Rotterdam
,
Gornichem
,
Schiedam
,
Schoonhoven
,
the
Brill
,
Alkmaer
,
Hoorn
,
Edam
,
Medenblick
and
Purmerend
.
The
Town
of
Harlem
would
have
Tromp
cited
to
be
examined
about
the
Letter
he
writ
to
de
Ruiter
.
The
Town
of
Enku●sen
was
of
the
Opinion
,
That
Endeavours
should
be
used
,
to
reconcile
them
together
again
in
a
friendly
manner
.
Monikendam
would
have
Tromp
to
present
a
Petition
to
beg
his
Acquittal
,
but
the
States
at
length
took
the
following
Resolution
.
THE
Pensionary
has
made
Report
to
the
Assembly
of
the
Considerations
the
Deputies
of
their
High
and
Mightinesses
have
made
,
And
now
,
High
and
Mightinesses
,
I
cannot
suffer
without
Reparation
,
that
in
Contempt
of
all
the
faithful
Services
I
have
rendred
Admiral
de
Ruiter
,
&c.
Vpon
which
having
deliberated
,
we
have
judged
,
That
the
said
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
,
after
such
great
Marks
of
the
Hatred
and
Animosity
he
has
conceived
against
Lieutenant
Admiral
de
Ruiter
,
Commander
in
Chief
of
the
States
Fleet
,
could
not
be
continued
in
his
Employment
joyntly
with
de
Ruiter
,
without
exposing
the
Fleet
to
an
inevitable
Ruine
,
by
the
Disorder
and
Confusion
that
would
predominate
in
the
Command
of
it
.
Wherefore
,
for
the
preventing
of
such
great
Disasters
,
it
has
been
resolved
,
and
we
will
,
That
the
Commission
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
of
Holland
and
West-Friesland
of
the
College
of
the
Admiralty
of
Amsterdam
,
provisionally
granted
to
the
said
Tromp
,
be
Revoked
and
Remitted
by
these
Presents
,
and
that
in
consequence
of
the
same
,
his
Employment
vacant
by
his
Dismission
shall
be
filled
up
with
another
Officer
of
Merit
:
And
that
the
whole
may
be
done
in
good
Order
,
the
Matter
shall
be
put
in
Execution
by
the
Generality
,
and
the
said
Tromp
shall
be
summoned
without
Delay
before
their
High
and
Mightinesses
,
and
at
his
Arrival
his
Dismission
shall
be
made
Publick
,
as
it
ought
to
be
.
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
then
coming
to
the
Hague
on
the
23d
of
the
Month
,
de
Wit
told
him
from
their
High
and
Mightinesses
,
That
it
was
their
Will
and
Pleasure
to
take
from
him
the
Commission
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
of
the
College
of
the
Admiralty
of
Amsterdam
,
that
had
been
granted
him
.
Tromp
made
him
answer
,
That
he
was
ready
to
pay
a
willing
Obedience
to
their
High
and
Mightinesses
,
with
many
Thanks
besides
for
the
Honours
they
had
done
him
.
But
because
it
was
feared
some
Mutiny
might
happen
in
the
Fleet
by
reason
of
the
great
Affection
the
Seamen
bore
to
Tromp
,
the
States
forbad
him
to
stir
out
of
the
Hague
till
further
Order
,
and
to
go
or
write
to
the
Fleet
,
upon
pain
of
being
accounted
the
Author
of
all
the
Mischiefs
that
might
ensue
.
And
in
Truth
there
was
some
Danger
of
it
,
but
the
good
Order
that
was
given
and
the
Prudence
that
was
used
in
so
Nice
a
Business
as
that
,
restrained
the
Malecontents
within
the
Bounds
of
Obedience
.
The
same
Day
the
States
of
Holland
advanced
to
the
Office
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
,
vacant
by
the
Dismission
of
Tromp
,
Mr.
de
Gent
,
Colonel
of
a
Marine
Regiment
;
Sweers
likewise
,
who
was
Rear-Admiral
before
,
was
made
Vice-Admiral
of
the
same
College
in
the
Place
of
Vander
Hulst
,
Verburg
succeeded
Sweers
in
the
Place
of
Rear-Admiral
,
and
Captain
David
Vlug
was
made
Rear-Admiral
of
the
College
of
the
Admiralty
of
the
North
,
in
the
room
of
de
Horn
,
who
was
killed
.
Mr.
De
Gent
being
informed
of
the
Honours
the
States
were
doing
him
,
would
fain
have
excused
accepting
them
,
and
among
other
Reasons
he
represented
,
That
having
frequented
the
Sea
but
a
little
while
he
thought
himself
not
capable
to
Command
a
Squadron
;
but
the
States
pressing
him
again
to
accept
the
place
that
was
presented
him
,
and
Tromp
with
whom
we
had
contracted
an
intimate
Friendship
,
joyning
his
perswasions
with
the
instances
of
the
States
,
he
was
at
last
prevailed
with
to
consent
to
it
,
and
accordingly
took
the
Oath
in
Quality
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
of
Amsterdam
,
about
the
end
of
the
month
.
Thus
Tromp
after
he
had
given
so
many
signal
proofs
of
his
Courage
,
was
at
length
constrained
to
quit
the
Sea
service
.
Hectora
qui
solus
,
qui
ferrum
,
ignemque
,
Jovemque
Sustinuit
toties
,
unam
non
sustinet
iram
,
Invictumque
virum
vincit
dolor
.
d'
Estrades
to
take
service
under
the
French
King
,
but
in
vain
.
The
Count
d'
Estrades
,
Ambassador
from
the
Court
of
France
to
the
States
,
observing
what
had
hapned
to
Tromp
,
thought
it
would
be
for
the
interest
of
the
King
his
Master
,
to
wheedle
him
to
pass
into
his
Service
,
being
perswaded
,
that
Admiral
,
whilst
his
resentments
were
yet
boiling
hot
,
would
easily
be
induced
to
accept
the
great
advantages
that
he
should
offer
him
from
the
King
his
Master
;
and
accordingly
he
made
him
an
overture
to
that
effect
,
offering
him
an
annual
Pension
of
50000
Livers
;
but
Tromp
,
to
his
great
surprize
,
bluntly
answered
him
;
That
he
had
rather
live
all
the
rest
of
his
days
as
a
simple
Burgher
,
and
continue
faithful
to
his
Country
,
than
to
betray
it
at
the
expence
of
his
own
honour
,
by
taking
service
under
a
Foreign
Prince
,
what
mighty
offers
soever
were
made
him
on
that
account
.
In
the
mean
while
,
they
were
busy
at
work
in
Zealand
,
in
Arming
out
the
Fleet
with
an
indefatigable
care
and
diligence
,
whilst
the
English
lured
on
by
the
hopes
of
Booty
,
appeared
before
the
Vlie
with
a
Fleet
of
60
sail
of
men
of
War
.
And
that
they
might
with
the
less
incumbrance
carry
on
so
desir'd
an
enterprize
,
they
had
sent
all
their
sick
and
wounded
men
back
into
England
;
And
9
or
10
Dutch
Merchant
ships
outwards
bound
,
either
to
the
North
,
or
France
,
were
newly
fallen
into
their
hands
.
The
English
Fleet
then
approaching
near
the
Dutch
Coast
,
seemed
at
first
to
despair
of
being
able
to
do
all
the
mischief
there
they
had
before
flattered
themselves
with
the
conceit
of
,
by
reason
of
the
difficulties
that
presented
themselves
in
their
way
;
But
being
instructed
contrary
to
their
expectation
,
how
to
surmount
them
,
by
one
Heemskerk
,
formerly
a
Captain
in
the
service
of
the
United
Provinces
,
but
who
was
discarded
from
it
for
his
Cowardice
,
they
were
encouraged
to
such
an
attempt
as
might
make
the
Zealanders
feel
the
fatal
effects
of
the
loss
of
the
Battle
,
by
a
malicious
and
mischievous
enterprize
that
Traitour
proposed
to
them
.
The
English
Fleet
being
arrived
on
the
17th
.
Sir
Robert
Holms
,
of
whom
we
have
already
spoken
several
times
,
was
the
Head
of
that
enterprize
.
He
considered
,
that
if
he
attackt
the
Isles
first
,
the
Merchant
ships
would
thereby
gain
time
to
provide
for
their
security
,
and
therefore
detacht
away
2
Frigats
which
entred
into
the
Tonn●n
,
and
followed
them
with
the
rest
of
his
ships
,
but
being
stopt
by
a
contrary
wind
,
he
was
forced
to
fall
back
again
towards
the
Brandaris
.
Then
after
he
had
held
a
Council
of
War
,
he
ordered
the
Pembroke
Frigat
followed
by
5
fire-ships
,
to
advance
to
go
and
attack
the
Merchant
fleet
.
And
accordingly
Captain
Brown
,
having
fastned
upon
the
ship
of
Captain
Adelaar
,
one
of
the
chief
of
the
Convoys
,
reduced
her
to
ashes
.
The
Captain
after
he
had
made
all
the
resistance
possible
,
leaping
at
last
into
a
Boat
with
sixteen
16
of
his
men
,
to
save
himself
,
both
he
and
they
were
unhappily
swallowed
up
by
the
Waves
.
The
second
Convoy
ship
was
likewise
burnt
,
but
Tol
,
the
Captain
of
her
was
more
lucky
than
his
Companions
,
for
he
escaped
in
his
Boat
.
The
Merchant
ships
cut
their
Anchor
Cables
at
so
horrible
a
spectacle
to
flie
as
well
as
they
could
from
the
fury
of
the
flames
.
In
the
mean
while
the
men
in
the
three
English
Fire-ships
that
still
remained
advanc'd
?
Crying
out
!
I
am
Heemskerk
the
Author
of
the
enterprize
;
and
set
fire
to
some
Merchant
ships
richly
laden
,
and
bound
for
Muscovy
,
which
after
their
men
had
signaliz'd
themselves
to
the
utmost
in
their
defence
,
were
likewise
burnt
to
ashes
.
After
that
,
the
English
with
22
Boats
went
out
of
the
Brandaris
,
and
by
favour
of
their
Oars
and
the
Tide
together
gave
chace
to
the
Merchant
ships
,
that
were
flying
,
and
all
of
them
they
could
reach
,
they
set
on
fire
with
flaming
trusses
of
straw
which
they
threw
into
them
.
However
,
because
the
English
Seamen
were
Commanded
under
pain
of
death
not
to
pillage
,
the
Pilots
and
Masters
of
the
Dutch
ships
found
opportunity
by
that
means
to
save
their
men
and
their
Money
in
their
Boats
.
Some
of
those
unhappy
wretches
that
dwelt
in
the
Vlie
,
fearing
the
English
would
come
and
plunder
the
Isle
,
had
with-drawn
their
best
effects
from
thence
,
and
transported
them
on
board
the
Merchant-ships
,
so
that
they
had
the
cruel
displeasure
to
see
them
destroyed
by
the
flames
.
Three
Privateers
and
one
Merchant
ship
bound
for
Guiney
well
Arm'd
and
Provided
with
able
Seamen
made
a
very
vigorous
resistance
;
for
they
repulsed
the
English
,
and
sunk
some
of
their
Boats
,
so
that
under
their
shelter
,
several
rich
Merchants
designed
for
Muscovy
were
preserved
from
the
Enemies
fire
,
who
durst
follow
them
no
further
for
fear
of
running
aground
.
Holms
being
informed
by
some
Prisoners
,
that
the
Vlie
likewise
was
in
no
condition
to
defend
it self
,
detacht
away
two
Frigats
and
some
small
Vessels
,
with
orders
to
Land
their
men
in
the
Fort
:
But
a
Tempest
arising
with
a
most
terrible
rain
that
lasted
all
night
,
it
was
impossible
for
them
to
put
their
project
in
execution
,
because
their
powder
,
and
other
necessary
materials
to
do
execution
withal
were
wetted
,
and
their
matches
Quencht
:
And
besides
,
the
men
that
were
Commanded
out
upon
that
design
were
so
miserably
Weather-beaten
,
that
they
were
quite
spent
,
so
that
't
is
certain
if
the
Dutch
had
had
so
much
presence
of
mind
with
them
,
as
to
have
sent
thither
three
Companies
of
Seamen
that
were
hard
by
,
the
English
Incendiaries
would
have
been
in
great
danger
of
being
totally
defeated
,
because
their
Boats
being
most
of
them
staved
to
pieces
by
being
tost
against
the
shore
,
were
then
become
most
of
them
but
the
sport
of
the
Waves
.
But
their
attempts
had
more
success
in
the
Isle
of
Schelling
,
for
having
landed
11
Companies
of
Regular
Troops
near
the
Brandaris
,
without
meeting
with
the
least
resistance
from
the
Inhabitants
,
the
most
part
of
which
are
Fishermen
,
and
Mennonites
,
a
sort
of
Sect
that
think
all
War
unlawful
,
5
Companies
of
Incendiaries
advancing
to
the
Windward
,
set
on
fire
350
houses
,
and
amongst
them
,
the
Church
of
the
reformed
was
also
half
burnt
down
,
and
it
was
one
of
the
saddest
spectacles
in
the
World
,
to
see
the
poor
inhabitants
of
that
place
in
the
utmost
desolation
,
and
the
affrighted
women
running
cross
the
Country
with
their
little
Children
in
their
Arms
,
seeking
to
save
them
both
from
the
rage
of
the
Incendiaries
,
and
the
fury
of
the
flames
.
In
fine
the
English
pillaged
what
the
fire
had
spared
.
Holms
would
have
carried
on
those
strange
successes
further
into
the
Country
,
and
two
other
Villages
in
the
same
Isle
were
just
ready
to
be
treated
after
the
same
rate
;
but
that
being
obliged
to
stay
till
24
hours
were
past
,
before
he
could
attempt
any
thing
more
,
and
to
wait
for
a
favourable
wind
to
execute
his
enterprize
,
and
besides
,
finding
that
the
inhabitants
having
begun
to
Retrench
themselves
at
the
East-ward
of
the
Village
,
had
raised
two
Batteries
,
and
expected
every
moment
some
Cannon
from
Enkuisen
,
he
thought
it
would
be
two
hazardous
to
push
his
design
any
further
,
and
that
it
would
be
much
better
to
think
of
retreating
,
and
so
ordered
all
his
men
to
return
immediately
on
board
,
and
on
the
20th
.
of
August
he
rejoined
the
English
Grand
Fleet
,
by
order
of
Prince
Robert
and
General
Monk
,
who
seeing
that
sickness
begun
to
reign
amongst
their
Men
,
made
sail
back
towards
the
Coasts
of
England
.
The
States
being
sensibly
concerned
at
the
mischief
done
by
the
English
Incendiaries
to
those
poor
Islanders
,
watcht
all
opportunities
to
Return
them
a
Rowland
for
their
Oliver
,
and
in
little
time
after
,
met
with
a
very
favourable
one
to
wreck
part
of
their
Revenge
.
For
two
Dutch
men
of
War
that
were
convoys
,
seconded
by
two
others
that
had
rid
a
good
while
at
Anchor
under
Gluckstadt
,
fell
on
the
27th
.
of
August
with
a
fair
Wind
,
upon
a
Merchant
Fleet
of
17
English
ships
that
were
at
an
Anchor
near
the
New-Mill
,
and
fired
so
terribly
at
them
with
their
Guns
,
that
not
knowing
where
to
shelter
themselves
,
they
cut
their
Anchor
Cables
,
and
fled
to
save
themselves
.
But
when
they
of
Hamborough
saw
them
approach
towards
their
Town
,
they
sounded
an
alarm
;
all
the
streets
were
in
a
moment
filled
with
people
,
and
it
being
just
at
the
beginning
of
night
,
all
the
Town
was
on
a
sudden
enlightned
with
a
Million
of
Candles
and
Torches
,
and
the
Burghers
were
all
in
Arms.
About
9
of
the
Clock
,
4
Merchant
ships
,
viz.
3
English
,
and
one
Hamburgher
were
on
fire
,
this
last
hapning
unluckily
to
ride
too
near
the
others
,
and
if
the
wind
had
not
chopt
about
to
the
North
,
it
is
certain
,
that
all
the
rest
that
escaped
,
would
have
likewise
been
reduced
to
Ashes
.
Two
days
after
that
expedition
,
de
Ruiter
was
sent
for
to
come
ashore
,
to
speak
with
the
Count
d'
Estrades
the
French
Ambassador
,
the
Marquess
of
Bellefonds
,
and
the
Deputies
of
their
High
and
Mightinesses
,
which
were
met
there
,
to
treat
about
the
place
where
the
French
Fleet
was
to
join
that
of
Holland
.
For
the
Duke
of
Beauford
,
Admiral
of
France
,
had
been
a
long
time
expected
home
,
and
they
had
received
advice
,
that
he
was
ready
to
quit
the
Coasts
of
Portugal
whither
he
was
gone
some
months
before
,
in
order
to
return
to
Rochelle
.
In
the
mean
while
,
the
most
Christian
King
had
Commanded
the
Count
d'
Estrades
,
to
present
the
Order
of
St.
Michael
to
de
Ruiter
,
in
acknowledgment
of
the
undaunted
Courage
and
Singular
Conduct
he
had
shewn
in
the
last
Battle
.
But
to
return
to
what
concerns
the
pretended
Junction
of
the
two
Fleets
,
the
Court
of
France
after
their
usual
manner
,
contented
themselves
with
bubling
off
the
Hollanders
with
fair
promises
and
specious
hopes
that
vanisht
all
but
into
smoak
;
for
the
Junction
,
as
it
was
never
intended
,
so
it
was
never
made
.
The
States
Fleet
being
got
ready
,
unmoor'd
on
the
5th
.
of
September
,
consisting
of
71
men
of
War
or
Frigats
,
and
27
fire-ships
.
Besides
the
New
Officers
abovementioned
,
Vice
Admiral
Bankert
succeeded
as
Lieutenant
Admiral
in
the
room
of
John
Evertsz
;
and
Captain
Matthysz
was
made
Rear-Admiral
of
Zealand
.
The
fleet
was
divided
into
3
Squadrons
;
the
first
was
Commanded
by
de
Ruiter
himself
;
the
second
by
Lieutenant
Admiral
de
Gent
;
and
the
third
by
Lieutenant
Admiral
Bankert
.
On
the
8th
of
September
,
the
Dutch
fleet
came
to
an
Anchor
between
Dunkirk
and
Newport
,
and
upon
some
advice
receiv'd
from
Paris
,
that
the
Duke
of
Beauford
,
Admiral
of
France
had
unmoor'd
from
Rochelle
:
Nay
,
and
that
he
was
come
already
as
far
as
the
mouth
of
the
Channel
,
in
order
to
join
de
Ruiter
,
the
States
fleet
weighed
Anchor
on
the
11th
.
in
the
morning
,
and
made
sail
towards
Callis
and
Bullen
:
Where
the
Vice
Admirals
Sweers
,
and
Evertsz
,
meeting
with
a
great
English
ship
,
called
the
Loyal
Charles
,
carrying
56
Guns
,
and
200
men
,
they
took
her
.
She
had
underwent
a
most
terrible
Tempest
,
in
which
she
had
lost
her
Fore-mast
and
Bolt-sprit
,
so
that
de
Ruiter
ordered
her
to
be
burnt
.
About
noon
,
he
heard
,
that
the
English
fleet
consisting
of
above
100
sail
was
following
after
that
of
Holland
,
whereupon
de
Ruiter
presently
put
up
a
Red
Flag
as
a
signal
to
his
fleet
to
fall
all
together
at
the
same
time
upon
the
Enemies
.
But
the
English
Admiral
tacking
about
to
the
North
ward
,
sheered
away
with
all
his
Navy
from
the
Dutch
fleet
,
which
chased
them
,
and
fired
at
their
Rear
,
in
the
view
of
an
infinite
Number
of
People
that
were
got
together
on
the
Coasts
of
France
,
and
were
spectators
of
the
daring
Courage
of
the
Hollanders
,
and
of
the
Retreat
of
the
English
,
who
,
as
was
supposed
,
for
want
of
Men
,
who
in
great
Numbers
had
been
swept
away
by
Sickness
,
contented
themselves
only
with
making
a
Shew
at
Sea
,
but
did
not
think
fit
to
hazard
an
Engagement
,
and
so
made
towards
Portsmouth
.
And
as
for
the
Admiral
of
France
,
he
appeared
not
,
and
so
de
Ruiter
being
weary
of
waiting
so
long
for
him
in
vain
,
had
Orders
from
the
States
,
to
conduct
the
Fleet
back
again
into
their
respective
Ports
,
and
only
to
detach
a
Squadron
out
of
them
of
25
Men
of
War
,
to
cruise
to
the
Northward
,
to
look
for
the
Ships
that
were
expected
coming
back
from
the
East-Indies
.
Four
Days
after
,
the
States
had
News
of
the
Burning
of
London
by
the
most
terrible
Fire
that
ever
was
yet
seen
.
The
Pensioner
de
Wit
upon
that
Advice
,
as
he
was
an
implacable
Enemy
to
the
King
of
England
,
as
well
as
to
the
House
of
Orange
so
nearly
allied
to
that
Royal
Family
,
and
had
secretly
blown
up
the
Fire
of
that
War
,
resolved
to
make
his
best
Advantage
of
it
,
and
presently
writ
to
Admiral
de
Ruiter
,
to
let
him
know
,
That
so
fatal
and
unforeseen
an
Accident
as
that
,
might
possibly
induce
the
States
to
change
the
Resolution
they
had
before
taken
,
to
lay
up
their
Fleet
in
their
Ports
,
because
it
had
been
certified
from
good
Hands
,
That
Monk
was
returned
to
London
,
and
therefore
it
was
easie
to
presume
,
the
English
Fleet
would
not
be
so
soon
ready
to
unmoor
.
And
the
States
accordingly
by
his
Instigation
writ
to
de
Ruiter
on
the
26th
of
the
same
Month
,
that
upon
a
piece
of
News
of
so
great
importance
,
they
had
resolved
to
keep
their
Fleet
out
still
at
Sea
,
till
further
Order
.
De
Ruiter
obeyed
their
Order
,
but
without
any
Success
at
that
Time
:
For
the
English
sailing
out
again
on
the
5th
of
October
,
made
a
Motion
as
if
they
would
advance
to
attack
de
Ruiter
,
but
as
soon
as
they
saw
him
move
towards
them
to
engage
them
,
they
sheered
away
again
to
avoid
him
.
At
that
time
the
Duke
of
Beauford
,
Admiral
of
France
sent
de
Ruiter
Word
,
that
it
was
impossible
for
him
to
come
and
joyn
him
,
and
therefore
desired
him
to
excuse
him
for
having
put
in
with
the
French
Fleet
into
Brest
.
So
de
Ruiter
seeing
there
was
no
appearance
of
attempting
any
thing
to
effect
,
retired
again
about
the
middle
of
October
with
his
Fleet
,
whereof
a
part
put
into
Zealand
,
another
into
the
Meuse
,
and
the
rest
into
the
Texel
.
A
little
time
after
,
there
were
some
happy
steps
made
towards
a
Peace
for
the
States
,
as
we
have
already
said
,
having
written
to
the
King
of
England
about
the
Funeral
of
Sir
William
Barcley
,
that
Prince
was
so
sensibly
touched
with
the
obliging
Deportment
of
the
States
in
that
matter
,
and
with
the
Honours
they
had
rendred
to
the
Memory
of
a
Person
that
was
so
dear
to
him
,
that
he
returned
them
Thanks
for
it
by
the
following
Letter
,
dated
the
11th
of
August
.
High
and
Mighty
Lords
,
and
Right
Dear
Friends
,
WE
have
seen
by
your
Letter
,
William
Barkley
,
who
after
having
signalized
himself
,
lost
his
Life
for
the
Service
of
his
Prince
and
Country
:
After
his
Death
,
he
fell
into
your
Hands
by
the
Fortune
of
War
,
and
the
Honours
you
have
rendred
to
his
glorious
Memory
were
very
pleasing
to
me
;
I
shall
always
consider
them
as
an
effect
of
your
generous
Good
Will
,
and
whenever
the
like
occasions
shall
happen
,
we
will
endeavour
on
our
part
to
answer
them
,
by
acknowledging
Vertue
and
Merit
even
in
the
Person
of
our
Enemies
,
to
whom
we
shall
give
Proofs
of
our
Tenderness
,
as
far
as
the
Occurrences
of
War
shall
permit
us
.
And
because
the
near
Relations
of
the
Deceased
desire
,
his
Body
may
be
interred
in
the
Tomb
of
his
Ancestors
,
upon
the
Offer
you
have
made
us
,
to
grant
them
that
Favour
,
we
have
consented
to
it
;
and
that
the
Vessel
designed
for
his
Transportation
may
not
be
attacked
in
its
Passage
by
our
Subjects
,
we
have
added
to
this
inclosed
,
the
necessary
Passport
.
Besides
,
we
assure
you
from
the
bottom
of
our
Heart
,
That
the
Advantages
our
Arms
have
lately
gained
by
the
Blessing
of
God
,
shall
not
render
us
so
haughty
,
as
to
make
us
forget
the
Damages
the
present
War
causes
to
the
Reformation
,
and
how
great
the
Hopes
are
that
our
Enemies
have
conce●ved
from
our
Troubles
and
Dissentions
:
So
that
we
are
ready
to
put
our
hand
to
so
pious
a
Work
,
as
is
that
of
pacifying
them
,
upon
the
first
Just
and
Reasonable
Condition
that
shall
be
proposed
to
us
on
that
Subject
.
The
States
comprehending
by
the
Expressions
contained
in
the
King
of
England's
Letter
,
That
that
Prince
seemed
more
inclinable
to
terminate
the
War
,
and
to
hearken
to
Propositions
of
Peace
,
than
formerly
,
writ
to
him
the
following
Letter
,
dated
the
16th
of
September
,
by
the
Yacht
ordered
to
transport
into
England
Vice-Admiral
Barkley's
Body
.
SIR
,
Moreover
,
we
have
with
much
Pleasure
seen
the
good
Disposition
in
which
your
Majesty
is
,
mentioned
towards
the
close
of
your
Letter
,
which
signifie
the
Inclination
your
Majesty
would
be
pl●ased
to
have
to
put
a
stop
to
that
Current
of
Mischiefs
the
War
has
lately
brought
upon
the
two
Nations
,
with
this
Clause
,
As
soon
as
your
Majesty
shall
be
invited
to
so
holy
a
Work
by
reasonable
Cond●t●ons
.
We
therefore
doubt
not
of
the
sincerity
of
the
so
often
repeated
Protestations
newly
made
,
signifying
your
Inclination
for
a
Peace
:
But
we
are
not
ignorant
likewise
,
that
you
are
perswaded
there
will
be
no
Advance
made
towards
Peace
,
so
long
as
you
shall
make
no
Overture
of
the
particular
Conditions
upon
which
you
judge
it
might
be
concluded
.
However
,
we
on
our
side
have
given
all
imaginable
clear
Explications
of
our
sense
thereupon
by
our
Ambass●do●r
,
whom
we
ordered
to
stay
in
the
Court
of
England
expresly
upon
that
account
,
tho'
your
Majesty
had
already
recalled
yours
.
Mr.
Van
Beuningen
,
our
Minister
extraordinary
at
the
French
Court
,
renewed
them
in
the
last
Place
in
presence
of
the
Queen
your
Majesty's
Mother
,
to
Mr.
Hollis
your
Embassador
,
without
receiving
any
positive
Answer
thereto
from
your
Majesty
.
We
could
not
with
Justice
,
according
to
what
is
practised
in
such
Negotiations
,
have
ordered
our
Minister
in
the
Conference
held
at
Paris
with
the
said
Hollis
,
to
sollicit
him
to
make
the
Overture
of
the
Conditions
upon
which
your
Majesty
pretended
to
make
Peace
,
as
we
had
done
,
or
at
least
to
have
agreed
beforehand
,
that
your
Majesty
should
give
a
final
Answer
,
sincere
,
and
without
Reserve
to
the
Advances
we
had
made
,
and
that
in
a
prefixed
Time
:
But
however
to
give
Proofs
at
the
very
first
of
the
ardent
Passion
that
induces
us
to
labour
to
bring
about
so
Christian
a
Work
,
we
have
passed
over
all
those
Formalities
,
making
it
our
Glory
to
make
the
first
Advances
,
and
to
go
as
far
with
them
on
our
side
as
is
possible
,
hoping
that
your
Majesty
acting
in
the
same
manner
,
the
so
much
desired
Peace
might
be
concluded
without
delay
,
and
that
by
that
means
the
effusion
of
so
much
Christian
Blood
as
was
shed
in
the
ensuing
Battles
might
have
been
prevented
.
And
since
by
the
Letter
of
the
11th
of
December
last
Year
,
and
afterwards
in
the
Conference
held
at
Paris
,
it
was
proposed
to
your
Majesty's
Choice
to
treat
of
Peace
,
either
under
condition
,
That
both
Parties
should
mutually
restore
all
that
each
of
them
had
taken
from
the
other
before
or
after
the
War
,
and
thence
to
pass
to
the
Examination
of
the
Pretensions
that
were
in
question
before
the
War
;
or
that
each
Party
should
keep
the
Conquests
they
had
made
before
or
after
the
Rupture
,
with
respect
to
the
Time
when
the
said
Offer
was
signified
to
the
Parties
;
and
that
in
consequence
of
that
,
all
the
Pretensions
concerning
any
Losses
or
Damages
suffered
,
should
be
forgotten
,
and
held
for
Null
on
both
sides
.
It
seems
to
us
,
That
the
Clause
specified
in
the
abovesaid
Letter
of
your
Majesty
is
already
fully
executed
,
and
that
thereby
your
Majesty
has
been
several
times
invited
to
the
Conclusion
of
so
pious
a
Work
.
For
we
cannot
persuade
our selves
,
that
as
to
what
concerns
the
Offer
of
the
abovesaid
Conditions
,
there
can
be
any
proposed
more
advantageous
,
if
Regard
be
had
to
Reason
and
to
the
Justice
of
the
Cause
,
considering
that
all
we
possess
,
or
that
we
have
taken
from
your
Majesty
or
your
Subjects
,
is
adjudged
to
be
good
Prize
,
and
ought
to
be
preserved
according
to
the
Laws
of
a
just
War
,
since
we
took
up
Arms
only
for
our
own
Defence
;
whereas
,
on
the
contrary
,
all
that
has
been
taken
from
the
Vnited
Provinces
,
or
their
Subjects
,
which
amounts
to
above
100
Ships
,
with
their
Merchandises
and
Effects
,
as
likewise
the
Fort
of
S.
Andrew
,
the
Isle
of
Boavista
,
New
Holland
,
and
Cabo
Corso
,
all
that
was
taken
by
Surprize
unjustly
,
and
without
any
Declaration
of
War
.
And
yet
your
Majesty
slighting
so
advantageous
a
Proposition
,
never
considered
to
explain
your self
openly
,
nor
to
determine
upon
the
Choice
either
the
one
or
the
other
of
the
proposed
Conditions
,
or
so
much
as
to
relate
the
Reasons
you
had
to
reject
them
,
or
at
least
to
make
us
a
clear
and
sincere
Overture
of
what
other
Conditions
might
have
induced
you
to
a
Peace
,
to
which
we
have
often
solicited
you
.
On
the
contrary
,
your
Majesty
broke
off
the
foresaid
Conference
,
which
was
the
greatest
Hopes
of
those
that
ardently
desire
Peace
,
and
which
was
happily
begun
in
the
presence
of
the
Queen
your
Majesty's
Mother
;
you
broke
it
off
,
we
say
,
by
the
sudden
recalling
of
your
Ambassador
,
without
shewing
any
manner
of
way
your
Approbation
of
it
.
Things
being
thus
,
we
leave
your
Majesty
to
judge
,
what
all
those
general
Protestations
of
Affection
and
Passion
of
Peace
can
tend
to
so
long
as
they
shall
not
be
followed
by
particular
Conditions
which
are
to
be
the
Foundation
of
it
.
And
because
Experience
teaches
us
,
That
the
Mediation
of
Foreign
Power
is
not
unprofitable
but
may
contribute
much
to
the
Conclusion
of
so
holy
a
Work
,
that
Consideration
induced
us
to
determine
to
accept
of
the
Mediation
of
the
King
of
Swedeland
,
in
the
Confidence
we
have
,
that
that
Prince
being
equitable
,
will
have
regard
to
the
just
and
Advantageous
Propositions
we
make
,
tho'
that
Prince
having
been
put
by
your
Majesty
into
the
Number
of
your
Allies
,
it
seems
obvious
,
that
we
might
look
upon
him
as
suspicious
,
and
a
Party
adverse
to
us
,
and
consequently
as
one
interested
in
the
Treaty
.
Besides
that
,
your
Majesty
has
declared
,
You
could
not
enter
into
Negotiation
without
his
Consent
.
The
Kings
of
France
and
Denmark
,
who
are
in
War
as
well
as
we
,
against
your
Majesty
,
have
in
like
manner
accepted
the
said
Mediation
of
Swedeland
.
We
made
no
Difficulty
at
the
very
first
Offer
made
to
us
of
it
,
to
give
our
Consent
to
it
in
Writing
,
that
it
might
be
presented
to
your
Majesty
;
but
yet
hitherto
,
whatever
Instances
have
been
made
,
it
has
been
impossible
for
us
to
induce
the
Minister
of
the
Crown
of
Swedeland
residing
here
,
to
make
us
the
same
Declaration
from
your
Majesty
;
namely
,
Whether
you
would
please
to
accept
of
the
said
Mediation
of
Swedeland
or
no
?
as
well
in
regard
of
our selves
,
as
of
the
Kings
of
France
and
Denmark
our
Allies
,
which
being
once
granted
,
we
protest
again
once
more
,
not
only
in
general
Terms
,
that
we
continue
still
in
the
violent
Passion
that
incites
us
to
the
Conclusion
of
a
solid
Peace
,
but
we
make
all
the
particular
Advances
besides
that
Right
and
Justice
can
exact
of
us
.
And
because
a
general
Declaration
that
comprehends
no
real
express
and
reasonable
Condition
,
either
on
the
one
side
or
the
other
is
more
capable
to
produce
new
Umbrages
,
and
leave
the
Mind
in
suspense
,
than
to
promote
a
Treaty
of
Peace
,
we
declare
consequently
,
That
we
stand
to
the
Propositions
that
were
made
on
our
part
in
the
Conference
held
at
the
Court
of
France
in
the
presence
of
the
Queen
,
your
Majesty's
Mother
,
as
has
been
already
related
.
In
fine
,
we
pray
your
Majesty
to
confirm
the
general
Profession
and
Protestation
you
have
made
,
That
you
desire
nothing
more
than
Peace
,
and
to
be
pleased
to
joyn
to
it
a
particular
Declaration
,
that
may
shew
that
you
determine
upon
the
Choice
of
one
of
the
Conditions
,
which
you
may
think
convenient
for
that
purpose
;
and
in
consequence
of
it
,
your
Majesty
is
also
prayed
to
be
pleased
to
let
the
said
Conference
already
begun
to
be
continued
,
as
well
in
respect
of
the
Place
,
as
to
the
Persons
.
But
if
your
Majesty
should
make
any
Scruple
to
do
it
,
and
should
have
any
Reasons
not
to
consent
to
it
,
that
then
your
Majesty
would
consent
that
the
Mediating
Ministers
of
the
Crown
of
Swedeland
may
make
Choice
of
another
Place
,
where
not
only
our
Plenipotentiaries
,
but
likewise
those
of
our
Allies
as
well
as
those
of
your
Majesty
may
be
obliged
to
meet
with
all
Diligence
.
And
we
shall
take
it
for
one
of
the
greatest
Testimonies
of
the
sincerity
of
the
Protestation
your
Majesty
has
so
often
repeated
concerning
Peace
,
if
it
stir
up
no
Jealousie
nor
Disunion
between
us
and
our
Allies
,
to
obstruct
it
.
In
fine
,
we
will
wait
your
Majesty's
Declaration
in
Writing
,
which
being
signified
to
us
by
the
Minister
of
Sweden
,
by
which
the
Mediation
of
that
Prince
,
presented
to
all
the
Members
of
the
League
,
as
well
to
the
aforesaid
Kings
of
France
and
Denmark
,
as
to
us
,
shall
be
authorized
.
And
we
pray
God
to
inspire
your
Majesty
with
such
Sentiments
for
Peace
as
we
have
our selves
,
and
such
as
may
consequently
move
you
to
resolve
to
make
Choice
of
the
necessary
means
whereby
to
promote
so
great
a
Work
;
that
so
we
may
in
a
short
time
enjoy
the
Effects
of
a
firm
,
solid
,
and
inviolable
Peace
,
to
be
concluded
between
your
Majesty
,
and
the
Powers
at
present
in
War
against
England
:
And
for
our
particular
,
we
shall
make
most
ardent
Prayers
to
God
for
the
Prosperity
of
your
sacred
Person
,
and
for
the
Subjects
of
the
two
States
.
The
King
of
England
made
the
following
Reply
to
the
States
.
High
and
Mighty
Lords
,
WE
received
Yours
of
the
16th
of
the
last
Month
,
William
Barklay
,
in
order
to
be
committed
into
the
Hands
of
his
near
Relations
.
We
consider
that
Mark
of
your
Civility
with
all
possible
Resentment
,
and
we
pray
you
to
be
persuaded
,
that
we
will
do
the
same
by
you
,
as
often
as
occasion
shall
serve
.
As
to
the
other
Part
of
your
Letter
,
concerning
Peace
,
and
the
frank
and
free
Answer
we
made
you
on
the
14th
of
August
,
by
inviting
you
to
seek
it
,
we
cannot
enough
complain
,
That
all
the
Advances
we
have
made
for
that
purpose
,
should
end
in
no
other
effect
,
but
to
make
us
be
charged
with
ill-grounded
Reproaches
that
openly
condemn
the
manner
of
Acting
we
have
observed
,
tho
all
the
World
be
informed
to
the
contrary
.
Those
are
without
doubt
such
Preliminaries
,
as
are
not
very
capable
to
facilitate
it
,
and
t
is
a
thing
altogether
surprizing
,
that
you
should
endeavour
to
persuade
your
own
People
,
and
all
Europe
at
the
same
time
,
That
we
are
the
Aggressors
and
Authors
of
the
fatal
Consequences
which
have
been
enkindled
between
us
:
You
unjustly
accuse
us
of
shutting
our
Ears
to
all
the
Proposals
you
make
for
an
Accommodation
,
by
refusing
to
inform
you
of
our
lawful
Pretensions
:
In
fine
,
you
pretend
that
we
alone
reject
it
,
whilst
you
and
your
Allies
desire
it
,
and
passionately
seek
for
it
,
whereas
the
Truth
is
,
you
your selves
have
to
this
very
present
Day
refused
to
make
the
least
step
that
was
capable
to
advance
it
,
and
to
extinguish
the
fatal
Torch
of
War
.
This
conduct
so
contrary
to
your
pretended
Intentions
,
obliges
us
for
the
Defending
of
our
Honour
,
and
the
Justice
of
our
Cause
from
such
sensible
Outrages
,
to
declare
before
the
Face
of
the
whole
World
,
how
ill-grounded
your
Reproaches
are
:
It
forces
us
,
I
say
,
to
renew
once
more
the
Advances
we
have
made
for
the
Re-establishment
of
Peace
,
ever
since
the
very
beginning
of
the
War
,
and
which
yet
you
have
always
rejected
.
We
protest
to
you
then
,
that
,
if
you
think
fit
,
for
the
Time
to
come
,
to
charge
your selves
with
all
the
Blame
,
which
engages
our
Honour
to
provide
for
its
Security
,
then
we
may
by
the
Assistance
of
Heaven
,
deliberate
with
Success
about
the
means
that
shall
be
judged
proper
to
pacifie
our
Troubles
,
and
put
a
stop
to
the
cruel
Effusion
of
so
much
Protestant
Blood
.
In
the
mean
while
we
cannot
forbear
relating
the
following
Particulars
,
to
undeceive
the
Publick
.
1.
That
we
have
made
several
pressing
Instances
,
but
all
to
no
purpose
,
to
move
you
to
make
Reparation
for
the
Damages
suffered
by
us
and
our
Subjects
,
which
you
were
engaged
to
do
by
the
last
Treaty
,
which
was
not
violated
on
our
part
.
2.
That
the
Commanders
of
your
Fleet
in
the
East-Indies
prohibited
our
Ships
under
the
Command
of
the
Earl
of
Marlborough
,
the
Entrance
,
of
a
Harbour
,
where
there
had
been
a
long
Time
an
English
Manufactory
settled
,
provided
with
a
great
Quantity
of
Merchandises
designed
for
the
lading
back
of
the
said
Ships
at
their
Return
;
all
which
Merchandises
were
soon
after
stopt
by
your
Officers
,
under
pretence
,
That
you
having
declared
War
against
the
Princes
with
whom
we
pretended
to
trade
,
it
was
no
longer
lawful
for
us
to
have
any
more
Commerce
with
them
.
And
about
the
same
Time
,
that
Imperious
and
Extravagant
Declaration
was
published
likewise
in
your
Name
,
in
Africa
,
by
the
Officer
that
commands
there
for
you
,
with
a
Prohibition
to
all
our
Subjects
to
traffick
with
the
Inhabitants
of
that
Country
;
so
that
when
we
demanded
Reparation
for
the
Damages
suffered
,
shewing
you
an
Authentick
Copy
of
the
Declaration
lately
published
there
in
your
Name
,
against
the
Glory
and
Interest
of
the
Kings
and
Princes
that
have
Commerce
there
,
and
that
are
not
able
without
Resentment
to
endure
so
cruel
an
Outrage
,
you
were
pleased
to
disown
that
Attempt
,
and
absolutely
refused
to
give
us
any
Satisfaction
.
3.
We
say
,
That
as
soon
as
ever
your
Ambassadour
complained
of
the
Hostility
lately
committed
by
Captain
Holms
in
taking
of
your
Fort
near
Cape
Verd
,
we
assured
him
upon
our
Royal
Word
,
That
that
Attempt
was
committed
without
our
Knowledg
and
Participation
;
so
that
after
having
disavowed
it
,
we
summoned
him
up
to
appear
here
,
and
after
having
seriously
examined
the
Affair
,
we
declared
,
that
the
said
Holms
should
be
punished
according
to
the
Rigor
of
the
Laws
,
if
he
were
found
guilty
,
with
Intention
to
make
Reparation
for
the
Damages
you
had
suffered
.
But
that
Protestation
,
how
sincere
soever
it
were
,
was
not
capable
to
satisfie
you
,
tho'
it
ought
to
have
done
so
however
,
according
to
the
Tenour
of
the
Treaty
:
On
the
contrary
,
you
persisted
to
reproach
us
with
having
authorized
the
Insult
made
by
the
said
Captain
;
who
being
at
length
come
back
into
England
,
we
forbad
him
to
present
himself
at
Court
,
and
what
is
more
,
we
committed
him
presently
to
the
Tower
of
London
,
where
he
continued
Prisoner
till
after
the
Rupture
.
And
yet
your
Ambassadour
never
in
all
that
Time
advanced
any
thing
against
him
,
that
was
a
sufficient
Ground
to
bring
him
to
his
Trial
;
And
what
is
more
,
Holms
alledged
,
That
before
he
attacked
your
Fort
,
he
intercepted
in
his
Way
to
Guiney
,
Orders
by
which
your
Officers
were
enjoyned
to
seize
upon
the
Castle
of
Cormantine
,
which
they
afterwards
actually
attacked
.
4.
The
Isle
of
Poleroon
was
not
delivered
into
our
Hands
,
according
to
the
Conditions
of
the
Treaty
,
tho'
we
were
engaged
to
great
Expences
,
in
Arming
out
two
Fleets
at
two
different
Times
,
which
we
sent
thither
to
go
and
take
Possession
of
it
;
the
Governours
excusing
themselves
,
by
the
Orders
that
had
been
signified
to
them
,
alledging
they
were
not
sufficient
for
their
discharge
.
5.
We
say
,
That
de
Ruiter
had
order
to
attack
our
Subjects
,
at
the
same
Time
when
you
caused
Instances
to
be
made
to
us
,
to
stop
the
Departure
of
our
Fleet
designed
for
Guiney
,
under
fair
Appearances
,
That
your
Fleet
should
stay
in
their
Ports
in
Expectation
of
coming
to
an
Accommodation
;
at
a
Time
,
I
say
,
when
you
were
solliciting
us
to
joyn
our
two
Fleets
together
,
to
go
and
reduce
the
Corsairs
of
Algiers
to
their
Duty
,
which
we
consented
to
with
Pleasure
.
And
yet
de
Ruiter
separating
himself
from
our
Forces
in
the
Mediterranean
,
without
giving
the
least
Notice
of
his
Design
,
went
to
the
Coasts
of
Guiney
to
commit
all
sorts
of
Hostility
against
our
Subjects
,
and
to
seize
upon
the
Country
under
our
Obedience
.
All
that
passed
before
we
had
caused
any
of
your
Ships
that
were
stoped
,
to
be
sold
,
or
that
we
had
attempted
the
least
thing
against
your
Subjects
.
These
Five
Points
being
proved
,
and
being
entirely
conformable
to
the
Truth
,
as
we
have
shewn
,
and
all
these
things
having
past
before
we
thought
of
providing
for
our
Security
,
by
using
the
means
an
Offensive
War
engaged
us
to
,
we
doubt
not
but
you
will
pass
in
the
World
for
the
Aggressors
,
and
that
our
Honour
will
for
the
future
be
safe
from
being
aspersed
with
the
Blame
which
ought
wholly
to
be
charged
upon
you
.
A
War
being
thus
kindled
then
,
and
God
having
blest
our
Arms
with
happy
success
,
we
find
our selves
so
much
the
more
inclined
to
Peace
,
and
evidently
to
set
forth
the
sensible
outrages
that
are
done
us
,
by
representing
as
if
we
were
obstinately
bent
to
continue
the
War
by
refusing
to
propose
proper
means
to
procure
a
Peace
.
As
for
the
overture
made
to
us
by
your
Ambassador
during
the
time
he
remained
in
this
Court
,
we
refer
our selves
to
the
answers
we
made
to
all
the
memorials
he
presented
us
,
which
give
sufficient
Testimony
of
the
inclinations
we
have
for
Peace
.
As
to
what
passed
in
the
particular
Conferences
we
had
together
,
it
is
easy
for
you
to
satisfy
your selves
about
it
by
the
faithful
Report
of
a
man
of
Honour
in
whom
we
have
had
an
extream
confidence
,
and
we
wish
he
would
declare
himself
,
whether
we
have
not
always
Testified
a
great
Aversion
to
War
,
and
as
much
inclination
for
Peace
as
a
Christian
is
obliged
to
have
,
not
thinking
it
fit
to
commit
particulars
to
writing
,
that
we
might
not
expose
our selves
to
those
Inconveniences
which
your
manner
of
proceeding
would
have
excited
at
that
time
.
As
for
what
concerns
the
recalling
of
our
Envoy
from
the
Hague
,
before
your
Ambassador
was
called
from
London
,
it
is
notorious
,
he
was
driven
thence
by
the
cruel
Treatments
used
to
him
,
for
being
dispoiled
of
all
the
privileges
annext
to
his
Character
,
his
Domesticks
being
imprisoned
,
and
notwithstanding
all
the
Complaints
made
of
it
from
us
,
and
the
promises
made
us
,
that
the
like
should
not
happen
any
more
,
his
secretary
being
put
also
under
an
arrest
,
without
any
reasonable
pretence
,
and
guards
being
placed
before
his
house
,
and
nothing
having
been
neglected
that
was
capable
of
stirring
up
the
Rabble
to
rise
upon
him
,
all
those
violences
,
I
say
,
obliged
him
to
provide
for
the
security
of
his
person
by
a
handsom
retreat
.
'T
is
true
,
the
most
Christian
Kings
Ambassadors
,
after
a
stay
of
some
months
,
and
after
we
had
accepted
their
Mediation
,
made
us
some
particular
propositions
,
but
it
is
true
likewise
,
that
they
afterwards
disavow'd
them
,
as
they
were
ordered
by
you
to
do
,
and
gave
us
to
understand
,
that
you
had
absolutely
disapproved
them
,
in
confidence
that
the
sickness
that
reigned
then
in
our
Kingdom
had
so
much
weakned
it
,
and
reduced
our
people
into
so
pitious
a
Condition
,
that
it
would
be
impossible
for
us
to
put
out
our
Fleet
to
Sea
again
.
The
Ambassadors
of
the
Court
of
France
presented
afterwards
some
other
Memorials
,
assuring
us
from
the
King
their
Master
,
that
he
would
engage
to
make
you
consent
to
the
project
that
had
been
proposed
;
and
that
as
to
what
concerned
the
exorbitant
and
unreasonable
demand
we
had
made
,
it
seemed
improper
to
serve
for
the
ground
of
a
Treaty
;
adding
,
that
your
Ambassador
might
receive
full
power
to
treat
of
those
propositions
,
or
else
of
some
others
equally
profitable
to
both
Parties
.
And
there
their
Mediation
ended
,
so
that
they
departed
,
after
having
declared
,
that
upon
the
refusal
of
the
abovesaid
propositions
,
their
Master
would
be
obliged
to
assist
you
during
the
rest
of
the
War
.
Things
then
having
past
in
that
manner
,
't
is
easy
to
Judge
whether
we
are
at
present
in
a
State
to
make
you
any
other
proposals
on
our
part
.
As
to
what
passed
at
Paris
between
our
Ambassador
Extraordinary
,
and
Mr.
Van
Beuningen
,
we
think
our selves
obliged
to
relate
it
a
little
at
length
,
to
undeceive
the
publick
,
by
informing
them
what
pains
was
taken
,
to
perswade
them
,
that
we
were
formally
entred
into
a
Negotiation
,
that
reasonable
and
advantageous
proposals
had
been
therein
made
us
,
but
that
we
had
rejected
them
,
and
that
in
fine
by
a
Criminal
obstinacy
we
had
broken
off
the
Negotiation
.
A
sound
Judgment
may
be
made
how
things
passed
by
what
we
are
going
to
relate
,
that
you
may
be
disabused
of
the
unfaithfull
Account
that
has
been
given
of
them
,
and
of
the
false
prejudices
pretended
to
be
drawn
from
thence
.
We
could
do
no
less
than
to
recall
our
Ambassador
Extraordinary
from
the
Court
of
France
after
the
recalling
of
the
Ambassadors
of
the
most
Christian
King
,
and
the
Declaration
of
War
that
follow'd
close
after
it
.
Our
Ambassadour
then
having
signified
his
Letters
of
Revocation
,
being
very
much
indisposed
,
a
great
Lord
of
the
Court
that
was
much
considered
,
came
to
visit
him
,
and
told
him
as
a
secret
he
intrusted
to
him
,
that
the
King
his
Master
took
all
imaginable
pains
to
induce
you
to
a
Peace
,
that
Mr.
Van
Beuningen
your
Envoy
would
be
ready
to
make
an
overture
of
some
propositions
,
that
might
be
made
for
a
ground
for
it
.
And
therefore
for
that
effect
he
prayed
him
to
defer
his
Voyage
,
and
to
order
it
so
as
to
meet
the
said
Envoy
at
the
Queen
our
Mothers
Palace
to
treat
there
in
her
presence
about
the
means
of
attaining
to
a
Peace
.
Our
Ambassador
answered
him
?
that
having
received
his
Audience
of
leave
,
he
was
devested
of
his
Character
,
that
he
had
no
power
to
enter
into
a
Negotiation
,
and
that
according
to
his
orders
he
was
obliged
to
depart
as
soon
as
ever
his
health
would
permit
him
.
A
few
days
after
,
the
same
Lord
made
him
a
second
visit
,
in
which
he
renewed
his
instances
,
and
declared
to
him
in
his
Masters
Name
,
that
if
he
persisted
in
his
Resolution
to
depart
,
without
hearing
what
they
had
to
propose
to
him
for
promoting
of
a
Peace
,
he
would
undoubtedly
be
charged
with
all
the
blood
that
was
going
to
be
spilt
,
for
having
refused
to
lend
an
Ear
to
those
expedients
that
might
be
capable
to
prevent
so
great
mischiefs
.
Upon
such
pressing
Sollicitations
,
our
Ambassador
promised
to
meet
them
at
the
Queen
our
Mothers
Palace
,
declaring
however
,
that
he
had
no
power
,
but
that
if
he
did
it
,
it
would
be
out
of
Complaisance
and
Curiosity
to
hear
what
proposals
they
had
to
make
.
And
accordingly
he
went
thither
at
the
appointed
hour
,
as
likewise
did
one
of
the
Ministers
of
the
most
Christian
King
.
Their
Conversation
having
been
employed
some
time
in
discoursing
about
the
War
,
and
your
Envoy
obstinately
maintaining
that
we
were
the
Aggressors
,
he
proposed
again
the
same
Alternative
that
you
now
have
newly
proposed
to
us
,
to
which
he
demanded
a
positive
answer
,
namely
,
That
reparation
should
be
made
on
both
sides
for
all
the
damages
suffered
since
the
beginning
of
the
War
;
or
else
,
that
each
party
should
remain
in
possession
of
what
they
actually
possessed
.
Our
Ambassador
shewed
him
the
mistake
in
reasoning
after
such
a
manner
,
and
how
far
we
were
from
being
the
Aggressors
;
he
also
Represented
to
him
the
impossibility
of
determining
upon
the
choice
of
either
of
those
proposals
,
till
it
had
been
first
examined
,
when
the
War
begun
!
how
?
and
by
whom
;
without
which
it
was
impossible
for
him
to
understand
the
true
Sense
of
that
proposition
.
After
that
discourse
,
our
Ambassador
concluded
that
he
had
not
power
to
treat
,
but
an
express
order
to
be
gone
immediately
.
But
that
however
they
might
dispatch
away
an
express
to
inform
Us
of
those
proposals
,
which
was
in
his
opinion
,
the
only
way
to
come
to
a
Peace
,
to
which
he
knew
of
his
own
certain
knowledge
,
I
was
altogether
inclined
.
That
was
the
end
of
an
enterview
,
which
they
would
needs
have
to
pass
in
the
world
for
a
Negotiation
,
and
of
which
all
the
blame
,
and
ill
success
has
been
imputed
to
Us.
And
since
you
repeat
the
same
thing
in
your
Letter
,
as
a
considerable
advance
for
Peace
,
we
have
likewise
right
to
make
you
the
same
answer
now
which
our
Ambassador
made
them
at
that
time
,
namely
,
that
't
is
impossible
for
us
to
explain
our selves
clearly
concerning
those
two
propositions
,
till
you
have
first
explained
the
terms
of
them
.
In
that
view
,
we
have
accepted
the
Mediation
of
our
dear
Brother
,
the
King
of
Swedeland
,
as
we
are
ready
to
refer
it
to
any
other
Prince
,
who
shall
not
have
declared
himself
a
party
against
us
,
in
hopes
that
by
that
means
it
may
clearly
appear
,
what
conditions
you
desire
a
Peace
should
be
concluded
upon
;
tho'
you
are
not
ignorant
we
have
particularized
several
things
about
that
Subject
,
as
also
several
of
your
own
people
have
done
that
are
well
affected
to
Peace
,
and
to
the
good
of
their
Country
,
that
are
at
present
prosecuted
,
because
they
suffered
themselves
to
be
too
easily
perswaded
into
a
belief
,
that
as
to
what
concerns
the
abovesaid
propositions
,
you
would
take
a
resolution
to
dispatch
some
body
to
Us
,
to
treat
about
proper
means
to
procure
a
Peace
,
and
to
prevent
the
inconveniences
that
have
followed
since
.
As
to
the
nomination
of
a
Neuter
place
to
treat
of
Peace
with
France
and
Denmark
which
are
engaged
in
the
present
War
,
we
say
,
that
as
we
have
no
differences
with
the
most
Christian
King
,
but
only
so
far
as
he
has
concerned
himself
in
your
quarrel
,
we
doubt
not
but
we
may
Accommodate
our selves
together
by
acknowledging
our
true
interests
,
which
permits
us
not
to
suffer
a
good
Correspondence
that
has
prevailed
so
long
time
together
between
us
,
and
that
Crown
,
should
be
destroyed
by
the
obstinate
refusal
to
agree
to
just
and
reasonable
means
to
come
to
a
Peace
.
As
for
the
King
of
Denmark
,
who
could
not
meddle
in
these
disputes
without
violating
the
engagements
he
had
equally
both
with
you
and
Us
,
we
cannot
consent
with
respect
to
that
Crown
,
to
the
Nomination
of
a
Neuter
place
.
Nay
we
are
constrained
to
declare
here
that
the
enterprize
made
in
the
Haven
of
Bergen
,
would
never
have
come
into
our
thoughts
,
if
that
Prince
had
not
induced
Us
by
his
sollicitation
to
send
our
Fleet
thither
by
the
hopes
he
made
us
conceive
of
sharing
together
in
the
spoil
of
your
ships
.
However
notwithstanding
the
sensible
outrages
we
have
received
from
him
on
all
occasions
that
have
presented
themselves
,
we
make
no
scruple
to
tell
you
,
that
as
we
accept
the
Mediation
of
our
dear
Brother
,
the
King
of
Sweden
,
as
well
in
regard
to
France
,
as
to
your selves
,
so
when
our
particular
differences
shall
be
composed
,
we
will
accept
your
Mediation
to
procure
a
Peace
with
Denmark
upon
reasonable
Conditions
,
and
that
with
design
to
strengthen
the
Union
that
ought
to
Reign
between
the
Protestant
Princes
.
That
therefore
you
may
have
no
more
matter
to
entertain
your
people
withal
in
the
deceitfull
opinion
,
that
we
refuse
to
explain
to
you
the
conditions
upon
which
we
desire
a
Peace
,
and
tho'
that
manner
of
proceeding
be
quite
out
of
Common
use
;
namely
,
to
outrage
and
attack
in
an
open
War
your
Allies
and
Neighbours
,
and
then
to
demand
of
them
afterwards
what
are
their
pretensions
,
instead
of
offering
them
a
just
Reparation
for
the
damages
they
have
suffered
,
notwithstanding
the
inconveniences
that
may
follow
therefrom
we
will
not
omit
to
let
you
know
at
the
same
time
,
what
we
would
not
have
and
what
we
pretend
.
We
desire
not
your
State
should
suffer
the
least
change
,
that
the
Soveraignty
by
which
you
Reign
over
your
people
should
be
in
any
manner
weakened
or
altered
,
and
much
less
yet
,
that
you
should
depend
on
any
Prince
neither
do
we
pretend
any
other
Empire
over
the
Sea
,
but
such
as
our
predecessors
have
at
all
times
incontestably
possess'd
.
We
demand
only
,
that
you
should
inviolably
,
and
in
every
point
observe
the
last
Treaty
that
was
concluded
between
us
,
and
that
the
injurious
Declaration
publisht
by
your
Governours
in
the
East-Indies
and
Africk
,
be
suppress'd
and
disavow'd
,
as
contrary
to
the
honour
of
all
Soveraigns
and
the
common
right
of
Nations
;
and
that
besides
such
a
Regulation
of
Commerce
may
be
establisht
in
the
West-Indies
,
that
our
Subjects
may
be
secured
from
the
insults
and
oppressions
to
which
they
have
at
other
times
seen
themselves
exposed
.
And
tho'
we
propose
not
a
Reimbursment
in
money
to
satisfie
the
immense
charges
of
the
War
,
yet
we
demand
a
moderate
Sum
in
consideration
of
the
damages
,
and
to
indemnify
us
for
the
losses
we
and
our
Subjects
have
suffered
,
such
a
one
as
shall
be
judged
reasonable
;
and
moreover
that
security
be
given
,
that
the
said
Treaty
shall
be
inviolably
observed
in
all
things
as
the
Mediators
shall
find
agreeable
to
Reason
and
Justice
.
In
fine
,
we
expect
that
in
order
to
the
promoting
so
pious
and
important
a
work
as
is
that
of
the
Peace
to
be
made
between
us
,
and
which
is
to
confirm
and
preserve
that
of
all
Christendom
,
you
shall
depute
some
person
to
come
to
us
to
Regulate
the
Preliminaries
that
may
contribute
to
bring
the
Treaty
to
perfection
.
This
being
done
we
doubt
not
but
God
will
protect
us
,
and
that
he
will
turn
all
things
to
good
,
which
will
appear
principally
by
reciprocal
Testimonies
of
tenderness
,
and
on
our
part
by
the
continuation
of
the
good
will
we
always
have
had
for
your
State
;
but
if
for
particular
reasons
,
you
reject
this
expedient
,
and
that
you
obstinately
persist
against
your
true
interests
to
refuse
to
accept
the
Peace
that
is
put
into
your
hands
,
I
leave
it
to
the
publick
to
Judge
,
whether
of
us
ought
to
be
charged
,
if
the
War
continue
,
with
the
fatal
Calamities
and
terrible
misfortunes
that
will
accompany
it
,
and
whether
we
have
not
done
on
our
side
,
all
that
our
honour
would
permit
us
,
to
prevent
them
.
I
pray
God
so
to
dispose
your
Hearts
as
to
make
serious
Reflections
upon
the
true
interest
of
Protestants
,
and
to
consider
how
much
it
will
be
exposed
to
the
rage
of
its
Enemies
if
the
War
continue
.
We
Recommend
you
,
High
and
Mighty
Lords
,
to
his
holy
and
happy
protection
,
&c.
This
Letter
extremely
surprized
the
States
,
they
thinking
it
a
very
hard
and
sensible
thing
to
the
United
Provinces
,
that
the
English
should
pretend
to
have
all
restored
that
had
been
taken
from
them
,
without
being
willing
to
restore
any
thing
they
had
been
taken
from
the
Dutch.
The
States
therefore
in
order
once
more
to
shew
all
the
fair
appearances
of
Justice
on
their
side
,
and
of
the
pretended
sincere
desire
they
had
for
Peace
,
caused
remarks
to
be
made
upon
the
King
of
Great
Britain's
Letter
,
tending
to
justify
their
Conduct
,
and
to
answer
separately
to
the
Five
points
that
were
there
advanced
,
and
sent
them
to
the
King
joined
with
the
following
Letter
.
The
States
Answer
to
the
King
of
England's
Letter
of
the
14th
.
of
October
1666.
SIR
,
WE
have
received
your
Majesty's
Answer
dated
from
Whitehall
the
4th
.
of
October
Old
Stile
,
or
on
the
14th
.
of
October
last
,
to
the
Letter
we
writ
you
dated
on
the
16th
.
of
September
;
and
tho'
at
the
very
beginning
of
your
Letter
,
your
Majesty
endeavours
to
justify
your
Arms
against
this
State
,
we
believe
it
to
no
purpose
to
enter
actually
into
any
dispute
about
that
Subject
,
because
we
are
perswaded
that
if
your
Majesty
would
take
the
pains
to
peruse
the
writings
that
have
formerly
been
delivered
into
the
hands
of
your
Ministers
,
and
that
have
been
likewise
made
publick
,
that
you
would
be
undoubtedly
convinced
,
as
well
as
all
the
World
,
of
the
Justice
of
our
cause
,
and
of
the
Motives
that
engaged
us
to
our
own
defence
.
As
to
the
five
points
in
the
Conclusion
of
your
Majesty's
said
answer
,
we
are
in
a
State
to
protest
by
the
faith
of
men
of
Honour
,
that
we
have
not
violated
the
last
Treaty
in
any
of
its
parts
,
and
that
we
will
engage
for
the
future
,
inviolably
to
observe
the
Peace
,
in
case
it
be
made
,
praying
your
Majesty
moreover
,
to
set
your self
at
rest
in
that
respect
,
and
to
be
pleased
to
give
order
,
that
it
be
punctually
observed
on
your
part
.
As
to
the
second
point
,
tho'
your
Majesty's
Ministers
and
particularly
Agent
Selwyn
,
published
upon
the
Coasts
of
Africk
a
Declaration
without
Contradiction
,
more
imperious
,
and
injurious
,
than
that
which
ours
could
have
invented
,
and
much
less
have
put
in
execution
,
as
has
been
made
amply
to
appear
elsewhere
,
yet
we
have
silence
thereupon
,
and
we
have
not
been
observed
to
make
any
noise
about
it
in
the
World
.
However
,
to
shew
that
we
are
ready
to
remove
that
obstacle
we
consent
that
the
two
abovesaid
Declarations
shall
be
both
disannull'd
and
disavow'd
as
well
on
your
Majesty's
part
,
as
on
ours
.
To
the
third
,
that
we
are
no
less
inclin'd
than
your
Majesty
,
to
consent
to
a
Regulation
of
Commerce
,
provided
it
be
General
and
Reciprocal
,
being
hardly
able
to
conceive
that
your
Majesty
would
refuse
in
Europe
and
elsewhere
,
what
you
pretend
to
be
Equitably
your
due
in
the
East
-
Indies
.
To
the
fourth
,
that
tho'
we
are
so
far
from
being
in
a
Condition
to
consent
to
a
Re-imbursment
for
the
charges
of
the
War
,
or
the
damages
suffered
by
your
Majesty
or
your
Subjects
that
on
the
contrary
,
we
have
right
to
pretend
the
restitutien
of
the
Ships
and
effects
of
our
good
Subjects
,
stopt
in
the
Harbors
or
upon
the
Rivers
of
your
Majesties
Kingdom
,
or
that
were
taken
at
Sea
by
surprize
,
upon
the
Coasts
of
England
;
as
likewise
of
New-Holland
,
Cabo
Corso
,
and
other
places
taken
in
Africk
,
without
publishing
before
hand
any
Declaration
of
War
,
and
in
the
time
when
our
said
Ships
entred
into
your
Majesty's
Ports
,
trusting
in
the
publick
faith
of
a
Treaty
of
Peace
,
in
confidence
in
the
sincere
Declaration
which
you
had
caused
to
be
several
times
reiterated
to
us
by
your
Ministers
that
resided
then
at
the
Hague
,
namely
,
that
we
ought
not
to
take
any
umbrage
at
your
Majesty's
Arming
,
nor
in
any
manner
to
apprehend
the
meeting
of
any
of
your
Majesty's
Ships
of
War
,
adding
that
your
Majesty
should
always
abhor
the
Conduct
of
the
usurper
Cromwel
towards
us
,
and
would
never
enterprize
any
thing
against
the
Liberty
of
the
State
,
and
of
its
Subjects
;
but
that
if
it
should
happen
that
your
Majesty
could
receive
no
satisfaction
upon
the
Complaints
that
should
be
made
to
us
on
your
part
,
that
as
a
Generous
Prince
you
would
Declare
War
against
the
State
,
before
any
Act
of
Hostility
were
Committed
.
However
it
be
,
we
shall
be
always
ready
to
stand
to
the
Terms
of
the
said
Declaration
,
if
any
thing
must
be
expected
of
us
.
As
to
the
fifth
,
which
is
that
your
Majesty
would
make
a
Difficulty
to
trust
to
our
Word
or
Seal
,
tho'
on
our
side
we
were
ready
to
trust
to
your
Majesty's
,
we
shall
readily
agree
to
any
other
proposition
to
render
it
the
more
firm
and
inviolable
by
the
Guarantie
of
other
Princes
or
States
that
are
Friends
or
Allies
.
But
since
your
Majesty
testifies
by
your
Answer
above
annexed
,
that
you
have
some
grounds
to
hope
to
induce
us
to
a
particular
Treaty
,
to
the
exclusion
of
our
Allies
,
we
find
our selves
obliged
to
advertise
you
,
that
that
cannot
be
,
and
consequently
,
it
is
absolutely
necessary
in
Order
to
come
to
a
good
Peace
,
that
your
Majesty
determine
to
treat
joyntly
with
us
and
our
Confederates
,
and
that
you
must
needs
dispose
your self
to
consent
that
choice
be
made
of
a
Neuter
place
where
the
Plenipotentiaries
as
well
of
the
Crowns
of
France
and
Denmark
,
as
those
of
your
Majesty
may
jointly
with
ours
meet
with
all
Liberty
,
without
which
all
the
pains
that
can
be
taken
about
it
,
will
be
to
no
purpose
,
because
we
are
resolved
to
remain
inseparably
linkt
to
our
Allies
,
and
to
hearken
to
no
proposition
that
may
tend
to
break
our
Union
,
directly
or
indirectly
,
and
that
with
so
much
the
more
confidence
because
we
are
fully
perswaded
,
our
Allies
will
remain
always
unshaken
in
the
same
mind
.
We
therefore
make
ardent
prayers
to
God
,
to
be
pleased
to
incline
your
Majesty
to
a
thing
that
is
a
Preliminary
,
without
which
't
is
impossible
to
come
to
a
Peace
;
and
we
hope
when
affairs
shall
once
be
placed
upon
a
good
foot
,
we
shall
have
new
reasons
to
redouble
our
Zeal
,
and
to
put
up
prayers
for
the
prosperity
of
your
Majesty's
reign
.
However
all
hopes
of
being
able
to
effect
a
Peace
that
year
vanisht
to
nothing
,
and
the
United
Provinces
began
to
labour
vigorously
in
refiting
and
remanning
out
their
Fleet.
And
for
that
end
they
resolved
to
keep
their
Seamen
in
pay
all
winter
that
they
might
have
their
full
Complements
of
men
ready
early
in
the
Spring
.
For
they
thought
it
good
Policy
to
make
that
last
effort
to
oblige
England
to
accept
a
Peace
which
they
called
just
,
by
endeavouring
to
obtain
by
the
force
of
Arms
,
or
by
subtilty
of
intrigue
,
what
they
could
not
effect
by
fair
means
.
The
Ministers
of
the
Crown
of
Sweden
coming
to
the
Court
of
England
about
the
latter
end
of
the
Year
1666.
used
all
the
Diligence
imaginable
in
quality
of
Mediatours
,
to
compose
the
Differences
among
the
Princes
that
were
in
War
.
The
first
Step
they
made
in
that
Affair
was
,
to
prevail
with
the
King
of
England
,
to
consent
to
the
naming
of
a
Neuter
Place
,
where
the
Plenipotentiaries
of
each
Party
might
securely
meet
in
order
to
treat
of
a
Peace
.
After
much
Pains
taken
in
it
,
they
obliged
the
States
to
write
the
following
Letter
about
that
Subject
to
the
King
of
England
.
The
Respect
due
to
that
Prince
,
obliged
the
States
to
make
that
first
Advance
,
whilst
the
Ministers
of
Swedeland
on
the
other
side
endeavoured
their
utmost
to
perswade
his
Majesty
to
grant
their
Demand
.
The
States
Letter
to
the
King
of
England
,
concerning
the
Nomination
of
a
Neuter
Place
.
SIR
,
WE
exprest
to
your
Majesty
in
ours
of
the
26th
of
November
,
the
Reasons
that
hindred
us
from
sending
our
Ministers
to
London
to
treat
there
of
a
Peace
joyntly
with
the
other
Plenipotentiaries
.
And
we
doubt
not
but
your
Majesty
,
upon
a
serious
Reflection
thereon
,
will
be
of
the
same
Mind
with
us
.
But
that
your
Majesty
may
not
think
we
neglect
any
thing
on
our
side
,
that
may
contribute
to
any
thing
that
may
be
capable
to
advance
so
important
a
Work
,
and
to
give
you
the
clearest
Evidences
imaginable
of
the
Sincerity
of
our
Intentions
upon
this
Subject
,
we
were
willing
to
assure
your
Majesty
by
these
Presents
,
That
the
Instances
we
have
made
hitherto
,
to
perswade
you
to
name
a
Neuter
Place
,
does
not
at
all
concern
our
particular
Interests
;
Nay
,
and
we
protest
,
That
if
that
Affair
concerned
us
in
particular
,
we
would
take
Pride
in
passing
by
all
Formalities
,
by
heartily
consenting
that
our
Differences
might
be
terminated
any
where
,
wheresoever
it
should
please
your
Majesty
,
not
excepting
England
it self
.
But
because
by
virtue
of
the
Alliance
in
which
we
are
engaged
with
the
Crowns
of
France
and
Denmark
,
it
is
impossible
for
us
to
act
otherwise
,
we
hope
your
Majesty
,
will
think
good
,
that
the
Negotiation
of
the
Treaty
may
be
begun
and
perfected
elsewhere
than
in
the
Dominions
of
your
Majesty
.
We
have
therefore
thought
fit
,
for
the
facilitating
so
Holy
a
Work
,
to
pray
your
Majesty
by
this
Letter
to
consider
this
Affair
as
it
is
really
at
the
Bottom
,
and
at
length
to
be
pleased
to
let
the
Treaty
be
carried
on
in
a
Neuter-place
,
where
the
Plenipotentiaries
of
each
Party
may
meet
.
And
since
we
have
sufficiently
explained
our selves
thereupon
,
if
your
Majesty
will
but
be
perswaded
of
the
sincerity
of
our
Sentiments
,
there
is
all
Appearance
,
we
shall
soon
see
the
End
of
a
Work
that
is
the
Subject
of
the
greatest
Hopes
of
our
People
,
and
of
the
Glory
of
the
Princes
interested
therein
.
To
which
we
pray
God
be
pleased
to
incline
your
Majesty
;
In
confidence
of
which
we
shall
make
Wishes
for
the
Prosperity
of
your
Majesty's
Reign
,
and
the
Preservation
of
your
Majesty's
Sacred
Person
.
This
Letter
being
put
into
the
Hands
of
Mr.
Appelboom
,
Resident
from
the
King
of
Swedeland
,
at
the
Hague
;
that
Minister
sent
it
away
presently
to
London
,
to
the
Ambassadours
of
that
Crown
there
,
who
delivered
it
to
the
King
of
England
;
who
made
the
following
Answer
to
the
States
.
The
King
of
England's
Answer
to
the
States
last
Letter
.
High
and
Mighty
Lords
,
HAving
received
yours
of
the
13th
of
this
Month
,
by
the
Hands
of
the
Ambassadour
Extraordinary
of
the
King
of
Sweden
,
by
which
you
repeat
your
pressing
Instances
,
to
induce
us
to
name
a
Place
where
the
Plenipotentiaries
of
the
Princes
engaged
in
the
present
War
may
meet
;
and
since
you
protest
besides
that
if
it
were
not
upon
their
Consideration
,
you
would
make
no
Scruple
to
consent
that
the
Congress
might
be
in
England
;
and
on
the
other
Side
,
the
said
Ambassadours
,
Mediatours
,
having
confirmed
to
us
the
sincerity
of
the
violent
Inclination
that
moves
you
to
seek
for
a
Peace
,
by
praying
us
most
earnestly
to
be
pleased
to
consent
to
your
Demand
as
to
the
only
means
by
which
to
be
able
to
effect
the
Conclusion
of
so
Christian
a
Work
;
therefore
to
give
you
real
Marks
of
the
Passion
we
have
to
enter
into
new
Engagements
of
Peace
and
Vnion
with
you
,
for
the
Good
and
Repose
of
all
Christendom
,
and
principally
of
the
Reformation
,
we
not
only
consent
that
the
Treaty
shall
be
mannaged
in
a
Place
whither
the
Ministers
of
your
Allies
may
come
with
all
Security
,
but
further
to
lay
the
Foundations
of
a
new
and
solid
Confidence
,
and
in
order
to
prevent
the
Delaies
and
Obstacles
which
will
undoubtedly
arise
by
naming
any
other
Place
,
we
have
resolved
to
send
our
Ambassadours
to
the
Hague
,
where
the
Plenipotentiaries
of
your
Allies
either
actually
are
or
may
be
in
a
little
time
,
to
treat
there
all
together
about
the
so
much
desired
Peace
.
And
if
you
be
speedy
in
sending
us
a
Passport
for
the
Security
of
our
Ambassadours
they
shall
go
to
the
Hague
before
the
end
of
February
;
assuring
you
,
That
it
shall
be
none
of
our
Fault
if
Christendom
do
not
soon
enjoy
a
Peace
,
as
well
as
our
own
Subjects
:
To
which
we
pray
God
to
incline
you
,
and
to
take
you
,
High
and
mighty
Lords
,
into
his
Holy
Protection
.
The
Hague
being
thus
chosen
by
the
King
of
England
,
for
the
Negotiation
of
a
Peace
;
the
States
,
for
particular
Reasons
approved
not
that
Choice
,
but
writ
again
about
that
Subject
,
to
pray
him
to
be
pleased
to
name
another
Place
;
representing
to
him
,
That
since
his
Majesty
upon
the
Instances
made
to
him
to
persuade
him
to
consent
to
a
Neuter
Place
,
had
had
the
Goodness
to
do
them
the
Honour
to
will
that
the
Peace
should
be
treated
on
in
their
Country
,
they
assured
themselves
,
That
his
Majesty
would
make
no
Difficulty
to
send
his
Ministers
to
Mastricht
,
Boisleduc
,
Breda
,
&c.
However
the
other
Allied
Princes
were
not
content
neither
with
that
last
Choice
;
for
the
French
King
refused
to
accept
of
the
3
Places
the
Hollanders
had
last
named
,
and
would
rather
have
Dover
chosen
for
the
Negotiation
.
The
Ambassadours
of
Swedeland
perceiving
that
all
those
Nicities
of
France
were
not
at
all
seasonable
at
that
time
,
laboured
so
hard
with
that
Court
,
that
at
last
Breda
was
accepted
,
whither
all
the
Plenipotentiaries
being
come
,
in
the
Month
of
May
,
the
first
Conference
began
in
the
Castle
the
4th
of
June
1667.
de
Ruiter
,
accompanied
with
Mr.
Cornelius
de
Wit
,
Deputy
of
the
States
,
and
Brother
to
the
Great
Pensionary
of
that
Name
:
They
steered
their
Course
towards
the
River
of
London
,
with
a
Design
not
only
to
go
and
attack
the
English
in
their
Harbours
,
but
likewise
to
make
a
Descent
some
where
to
ravage
the
Country
.
For
that
effect
they
held
a
Council
of
War
to
consult
by
what
means
they
might
run
some
light
Frigats
a
considerable
way
up
the
River
,
to
go
and
burn
the
English
Ships
that
were
there
.
Lieutenant
Admiral
de
Gent
was
chosen
for
that
Expedition
,
for
which
they
gave
him
the
Command
of
a
Squadron
formed
out
of
the
Detachments
made
from
the
Grand
Fleet.
It
was
composed
of
6
Men
of
War
,
1
Advice-yacht
,
and
2
Fireships
of
the
Admiralty
of
the
Meuse
;
of
11
Men
of
War
,
4
Advice-Yachts
,
and
2
Fireships
of
the
Admiralty
of
Amsterdam
,
and
13
Galliots
.
The
next
Morning
,
being
the
19th
of
June
,
Lieutenant
Admiral
de
Gent
,
and
Mr.
de
Wit
,
Deputy
of
the
States
,
went
up
the
Thames
at
the
Head
of
that
Detachment
,
and
by
an
Enterprise
they
went
so
much
the
boldlier
upon
,
because
they
were
well
informed
,
They
should
meet
with
little
Opposition
,
revenged
the
Mischief
the
English
had
done
before
in
the
Isles
of
Vlie
,
and
Schelling
;
as
appears
by
the
Report
the
said
Mr.
de
Wit
made
of
that
Action
to
the
States
,
Cornelius
de
Wit's
Letter
to
the
States
,
about
the
Duthc
going
up
the
River
of
Thames
.
in
the
Letters
he
writ
them
on
that
subject
;
the
substance
of
which
imported
,
That
on
the
17th
instant
the
Dutch
Fleet
coming
to
an
Anchor
at
the
Mouth
of
the
Thames
,
as
they
were
consulting
with
the
general
Officers
of
the
Fleet
,
what
Enterprise
to
go
upon
,
having
received
Advice
by
a
Pilot
of
a
Norway
Ship
,
coming
from
London
,
That
10
or
12
English
Frigats
,
carrying
from
30
to
40
Guns
apiece
,
together
with
about
20
Merchant
Ships
,
outwards
bound
to
the
Barbadoes
,
were
riding
at
Anchor
in
the
Hope
,
near
Gravesend
,
it
was
resolved
they
should
go
and
attack
them
,
and
to
endeavour
to
destroy
or
take
them
.
And
for
that
effect
a
Detachment
was
made
from
the
Fleet
,
of
17
Light
Frigats
,
5
Advice-yachts
,
some
Galliots
,
and
some
Boats
.
That
on
the
19th
,
about
4
in
the
Morning
,
the
Wind
being
turned
about
to
the
South-West
,
they
were
forced
to
luff
,
and
afterwards
constrained
by
that
contrary
Wind
to
cast
Anchor
:
But
that
the
Wind
chopping
about
at
length
to
the
South-East
,
was
more
favourable
to
them
;
which
made
them
resolve
to
unmoor
,
without
any
further
Loss
of
Time
,
in
Hopes
to
execute
their
Enterprise
that
same
Evening
:
But
the
Wind
slackning
,
they
were
forced
to
stop
a
Mile
and
a
half
short
of
the
Hope
,
which
gave
Time
to
the
English
Ships
to
escape
away
.
However
,
to
Day
,
continues
he
,
about
Noon
,
as
the
Tide
begun
to
come
in
,
we
advanced
as
far
as
the
Mouth
of
the
River
of
Chattam
.
We
presently
gave
Order
to
the
Land-Troops
and
Marine
Soldiers
to
make
a
Descent
,
and
to
attack
the
Fort
of
Sheerness
;
In
the
mean
while
we
advanced
with
our
Men
of
War
,
and
anchored
before
the
same
Fort.
At
our
Approach
,
one
of
the
King's
Frigats
with
some
other
Vessels
,
Sheerness
taken
.
and
some
Fireships
that
were
there
,
betook
themselves
to
Flight
,
and
the
Men
in
the
Fort
ran
away
likewise
before
our
Troops
got
thither
;
so
that
after
the
Fort
had
been
cannonaded
about
an
Hour
and
an
half
,
our
Seamen
scaled
it
to
pull
down
from
thence
the
English
Banner
.
We
found
there
15
Pieces
of
Cannon
,
which
we
carried
off
to
our
Ships
;
and
a
great
Magazine
of
Masts
,
Yards
,
and
in
general
of
all
Necessaries
for
the
Rigging
of
Ships
,
valued
at
near
400000
Livers
.
We
gave
Order
to
all
our
Captains
,
to
carry
each
of
them
on
Board
them
a
good
quantity
,
and
to
set
Fire
to
the
rest
.
Because
the
most
part
of
our
Land-Troops
were
separated
from
us
by
the
foul
Weather
,
the
General
Officers
thought
not
fit
to
engage
themselves
too
far
up
the
Country
with
so
few
People
,
or
else
they
might
have
done
a
great
deal
of
Mischief
.
We
are
however
of
Opinion
,
to
keep
the
River
of
London
blocked
up
,
and
to
hinder
the
Passage
of
Ships
there
as
much
as
't
is
possible
for
us
.
And
for
that
effect
,
Lieutenant
Admiral
de
Ruiter
is
to
come
up
and
joyn
us
with
the
Main
Body
of
the
Fleet.
All
those
happy
Successes
were
further
seconded
by
a
much
more
mischievous
Expedition
,
in
which
several
English
Men
of
War
were
burnt
in
the
River
of
Rochester
,
as
you
may
find
by
the
following
Letter
.
High
and
Mighty
Lords
,
Royal
Charles
,
carrying
90
Brass
Guns
,
and
another
carrying
a
like
Number
,
fell
into
our
Hands
.
There
are
still
4
or
5
more
a
little
above
us
,
against
which
we
have
sent
some
of
ours
,
and
because
there
is
a
very
great
Consternation
among
the
English
,
we
doubt
not
but
to
take
them
.
According
to
the
Advices
we
have
had
of
the
Enemy
,
they
have
sunk
16
or
18
Ships
,
the
most
part
Fire-ships
,
to
block
up
the
Passage
of
the
River
against
us
:
But
in
spite
of
all
these
Precautions
,
our
Ships
are
passed
up
,
and
we
flatter
our selves
with
the
Hopes
to
bring
along
with
us
those
which
we
shall
have
taken
.
We
are
in
the
Resolution
to
wait
here
your
High
and
Mightinesses
Orders
,
that
we
may
be
able
to
regulate
what
we
are
to
do
more
;
thanking
God
for
having
so
powerfully
protected
our
Arms
to
the
Destruction
of
our
Enemies
,
which
makes
us
conceive
new
Hopes
of
Peace
,
to
the
Advantage
of
our
Nation
,
or
at
least
we
can
boast
to
have
had
the
Glory
to
ruine
their
Forces
in
such
a
manner
,
that
if
the
War
continues
,
they
will
be
no
longer
in
a
condition
to
hurt
us
,
and
we
shall
have
no
reason
to
fear
them
any
more
:
Which
we
:
passionately
wish
,
and
at
the
same
time
all
sort
of
Prosperity
to
the
State
.
On
the
23d
of
June
Mr.
de
Wit
sent
some
other
Dispatches
to
the
States
,
to
inform
them
of
several
remarkable
Circumstances
,
which
were
not
before
come
to
his
Knowledge
,
and
added
thereto
the
sequel
of
so
many
happy
Progresses
.
He
informed
them
,
that
the
Bed
of
the
River
was
so
narrow
,
that
there
could
but
one
Ship
pass
along
it
abreast
,
and
that
the
English
fired
so
hotly
from
their
Artillery
,
that
none
of
the
Hollanders
durst
advance
to
go
near
them
any
more
:
But
that
Captain
Brakel
,
belonging
to
the
College
of
the
Admiralty
of
Roterdam
,
offering
himself
to
that
Service
,
made
appear
,
that
nothing
is
impossible
to
a
great
Courage
.
For
tho'
he
commanded
but
a
sorry
Frigat
,
ill
manned
and
equipp'd
,
yet
he
undertook
alone
to
go
up
and
burn
the
English
Men
of
War
,
so
that
being
advanced
with
all
imaginable
Resolution
,
without
firing
a
Gun
,
he
endured
all
the
Enemies
greatest
Fire
.
He
was
scarcely
arrived
within
Musket
shot
of
an
English
Man
of
War
,
but
that
he
fired
a
Broad-side
at
her
,
and
falling
upon
her
at
the
same
time
,
by
the
Favour
of
the
Wind
,
grappled
her
and
took
her
,
with
the
Loss
only
of
3
Men.
A
Dutch
Fireship
grappled
likewise
another
English
Man
of
War
of
52
Guns
and
burnt
her
.
That
Disaster
struck
such
a
Consternation
into
the
Enemies
,
that
a
part
of
the
Royal
Charles's
Men
fled
away
,
and
the
rest
jumped
into
the
Water
.
We
took
with
the
Help
of
our
Boats
,
without
any
Resistance
,
another
English
Ship
,
called
Charles
the
Fi●th
of
50
Guns
,
but
being
grappled
by
one
of
our
Fire-Ships
,
she
blew
up
in
the
night
.
The
ship
call'd
the
Fort
of
Hunningen
being
deserted
by
her
men
that
fled
away
in
Boats
was
taken
:
she
carried
70
Brass
Guns
;
but
she
was
unfortunately
burnt
contrary
to
the
Orders
we
had
given
.
This
loss
was
followed
with
that
of
another
very
considerable
English
Ship
which
we
likewise
destroyed
with
the
Flames
.
Yesterday
we
perceived
3
more
above
us
which
we
hope
to
destroy
to
day
;
the
Water
was
so
low
that
it
was
impossible
for
us
to
get
up
to
them
.
However
the
North
wind
continuing
to
blow
,
and
the
rest
of
our
Fire-Ships
that
were
scattered
from
the
Flag
being
veer'd
back
again
towards
the
Admiral
,
we
gave
them
orders
to
go
up
and
burn
them
.
And
tho'
it
seemed
,
that
Vpton
Castle
situated
upon
the
River
side
,
might
have
opposed
that
enterprize
,
because
the
passage
being
very
narrow
in
that
place
,
our
men
must
have
been
forced
to
have
endured
its
fire
,
yet
in
spite
of
all
those
obstacles
,
the
business
was
carried
on
with
so
much
prudence
,
that
we
burnt
them
to
day
about
3
in
the
afternoon
.
Those
3
Ships
were
the
most
considerable
in
all
the
English
Navy
,
they
were
named
the
Loyal
London
,
the
Royal
James
,
and
the
Loyal
Oak
.
Mr.
de
Wit
adds
in
the
close
,
We
have
obtained
,
says
he
,
all
these
Glorious
advantages
hitherto
without
the
loss
of
above
150
men
.
We
are
at
present
resolved
to
go
down
the
River
,
to
join
the
Main
Body
of
our
Fleet.
According
to
the
advices
we
have
,
all
the
Kingdom
is
in
Alarm
,
and
they
are
there
Assembling
a
great
Number
of
Troops
;
But
all
that
is
not
able
to
intimidate
us
.
However
because
most
of
our
Fire-Ships
have
been
spent
,
we
pray
the
States
to
give
Order
that
we
may
have
more
.
All
our
Officers
both
General
and
Inferiour
have
Signaliz'd
themselves
,
and
given
proofs
of
an
unparallelled
Bravery
.
Lieutenant
Admiral
Aylva's
Squadron
,
has
joined
the
Admiral
's
Flag
,
so
that
the
Fleet
is
Reinforced
with
a
Considerable
Number
of
Ships
of
War
,
and
we
have
nothing
more
to
do
but
to
put
up
prayers
for
the
continuation
of
the
prosperities
with
which
it
has
pleased
God
hitherto
to
bless
the
Arms
of
the
State
.
The
Duke
of
York
and
General
Monk
were
the
melancholick
Spectatours
of
the
Expedition
,
and
according
to
the
report
of
some
Prisoners
,
they
had
been
but
the
day
before
on
Board
those
3
Ships
that
were
last
burnt
.
Retiring
to
Rochester
they
were
in
an
unconceivable
vexation
,
to
see
the
Finest
and
Richest
Ships
of
all
their
Fleet
destroyed
so
strangely
,
and
they
in
no
Condition
to
put
a
stop
to
those
terrible
Ravages
of
the
Hollanders
.
There
were
several
other
Ships
and
Fire-Ships
likewise
lost
,
which
the
English
themselves
sunk
in
the
River
of
Chattam
,
on
purpose
to
stop
the
Hollanders
passage
,
and
besides
them
were
lost
8
of
the
most
considerable
men
of
War
in
the
whole
English
Fleet
:
Which
made
both
Court
and
Country
exclaim
against
those
pernicious
Councellors
that
had
advised
the
King
to
be
amused
so
far
with
the
hopes
of
a
Peace
,
as
to
venture
to
treat
without
Sword
in
hand
,
and
after
so
great
a
Victory
as
he
had
had
the
last
time
over
the
Dutch
to
be
perswaded
under
pretence
of
saving
Money
,
not
to
put
his
Fleet
out
,
when
it
was
so
necessary
for
the
obtaining
an
advantageous
Peace
,
and
of
preserving
the
Honour
and
Reputation
the
Nation
had
gotten
at
so
dear
an
expence
in
two
consecutive
Dutch
Wars
,
which
now
was
by
one
of
the
greatest
oversights
imaginable
in
Policy
obscured
and
tarnisht
all
at
one
blast
,
and
never
since
recovered
it self
altogether
to
its
former
Luster
.
Those
surprizing
and
heavy
mischiefs
much
Alarmed
and
imbittered
the
people
.
So
that
an
insurrection
was
feared
in
Kent
,
and
about
Rochester
.
Upon
which
the
Duke
of
York
,
and
General
Monk
apprehending
least
those
glowing
Sparks
might
if
not
timely
quencht
kindle
into
an
Universal
Conflragation
that
might
endanger
the
Government
,
thought
it
best
to
stifle
them
in
time
by
sending
with
speed
a
good
Body
of
Troops
both
Horse
and
Foot
,
down
to
the
Coasts
,
as
well
to
awe
the
Mutinous
People
as
to
oppose
the
Hollanders
.
However
the
whole
Storm
of
the
publick
discontent
fell
afterwards
upon
Chancellor
Hyde
,
as
being
the
reputed
Author
of
those
Counsels
that
were
supposed
to
have
caused
all
those
ill
successes
,
so
that
he
was
forced
to
flie
into
Exile
,
to
avoid
a
worse
destiny
,
from
which
the
King
his
Master
could
not
have
protected
him
without
exposing
himself
to
the
extreamest
danger
.
In
the
mean
while
the
Common
Opinion
among
the
People
in
Holland
was
,
that
these
new
attempts
instead
of
disposing
the
States
to
a
Peace
would
have
kindled
fiercer
flames
of
War
,
and
have
made
the
two
Nations
irreconcilable
;
But
experience
quickly
shew'd
the
contrary
the
Negoation
for
Peace
at
Breda
,
was
thereupon
all
on
a
sudden
further
advanced
than
it
had
been
in
many
conferences
before
.
On
the
25th
.
of
the
Month
,
it
was
resolved
in
a
Council
of
War
held
on
board
the
Fleet
,
to
detach
away
Lieutenant
Admiral
de
Gent
with
a
Squadron
of
22
Sail
of
Men
of
War
and
Fire-Ships
,
towards
the
North
,
as
well
to
endeavour
to
seize
upon
the
Isle
of
Hitland
,
as
to
cruize
for
the
Ships
that
were
expected
from
the
East
-
Indies
.
But
as
for
De
Ruiter
with
the
Rest
of
the
Fleet
,
they
went
and
Anchoured
before
the
Isle
of
Sheppey
,
where
they
Landed
Four
or
Five
hundred
men
,
who
advanced
into
the
Country
without
Resistance
,
and
brought
off
to
the
Fleet
,
a
great
quantity
of
Refreshments
of
all
sorts
.
The
Count
de
Hoorn
was
afterwards
sent
with
his
Regiment
on
board
the
Fleet
,
and
de
Ruiter
received
orders
,
to
remount
the
Thames
,
in
order
to
attempt
some
further
enterprize
.
For
which
effect
,
Lieutenant
Admiral
Bankert
who
was
newly
come
to
the
Fleet
with
a
Reinforcement
of
some
Ships
from
Zealand
,
was
Commanded
with
a
Squadron
of
14
of
the
lightest
Ships
,
and
2
Fire-Ships
to
advance
near
Gravesend
,
and
do
all
the
mischief
he
could
.
But
that
new
enterprize
had
no
success
,
but
only
served
to
augment
the
consternation
that
was
already
among
the
inhabitants
of
London
,
because
the
English
had
sunk
so
many
Ships
to
stop
up
the
passage
of
the
Thames
,
that
it
was
impossible
for
the
Dutch
to
make
any
advance
;
and
besides
the
Batteries
of
Great
Cannon
that
were
raised
all
along
on
both
sides
the
River
fired
so
hotly
upon
the
Ships
that
ventured
within
their
reach
,
that
Bankert
was
forced
to
retire
,
and
veer
back
towards
the
Admiral
.
The
Fleet
then
having
been
Reinforced
by
the
Troops
brought
by
the
Count
de
Hoorn
,
the
Generals
thought
fit
to
attack
the
Fort
near
Harwich
,
the
principal
Circumstances
of
which
Action
are
Related
in
the
Letter
Mr.
de
Wit
writ
concerning
it
to
the
States
,
of
which
here
follows
the
extract
.
I
Having
represented
to
all
the
Officers
of
the
fleet
that
it
was
fit
the
States
Troops
should
be
employed
in
some
remarkable
Expedition
,
Van
Nes
had
order
to
enter
the
Bay
with
6
men
of
War
,
to
approach
nearer
the
for
t
,
whilst
Vice-Admiral
Evertsz
should
vigorously
attack
it
on
another
side
.
When
the
signal
was
given
the
Troops
were
transported
to
shore
in
Boats
and
Galliots
,
with
all
imaginable
speed
.
Observing
,
that
Vice-Admiral
Evertsz
who
was
to
attackt
the
fort
before
,
kept
at
too
great
a
distance
from
the
Ramparts
,
and
that
Rear-Admiral
Van
Nes
went
not
into
the
Haven
,
as
had
been
projected
,
we
Resolved
,
de
Ruiter
and
I
,
to
go
up
to
them
,
and
make
them
advance
.
But
when
we
came
there
,
we
found
it
impossible
for
Vice-Admiral
Evertsz
to
get
any
nearer
,
and
upon
the
Report
made
to
us
by
the
Soldiers
we
sent
to
Van
Nes
,
that
there
was
no
going
in
on
that
side
,
the
Boom
being
cut
,
we
resolved
to
send
in
some
Boats
to
sound
the
passage
,
but
the
Tide
going
off
,
and
a
Calm
coming
on
,
it
was
impossible
to
execute
any
thing
.
Evertsz
approach●ng
as
near
the
Ramparts
as
he
could
possibly
,
fired
at
the
fort
,
but
the
shot
he
made
had
but
very
little
effect
,
because
it
was
almost
out
of
his
reach
:
Whereas
the
Castle
fired
vigorously
on
their
side
upon
his
men
of
War
.
When
we
saw
nothing
considerable
could
be
done
on
that
side
,
de
Ruiter
and
I
took
a
Boat
and
went
on
shore
to
the
Troops
there
,
which
we
found
there
drawn
up
in
order
of
Battle
,
and
waiting
till
the
men
of
War
were
got
in
:
And
after
we
had
related
to
them
the
obstacles
we
met
with
,
we
resolved
to
make
them
advance
and
to
attack
the
fort
vigorously
by
Land
,
since
't
was
impossible
to
do
it
by
Water
.
The
Generals
thought
fit
to
leave
a
body
of
foot
under
the
Conduct
of
the
Count
de
Hoorn
,
to
guard
a
certain
passage
,
as
well
to
secure
our
Boats
as
preven●
the
Enemies
from
falling
upon
us
behind
.
When
all
things
were
ready
we
marcht
our
Troops
towards
the
fort
,
and
when
we
were
come
very
nigh
it
the
Seamen
that
carried
the
Scaling
Ladders
,
had
others
to
advance
;
in
the
mean
while
,
the
Enemy
fired
so
terribly
with
their
small
arms
both
from
the
Fort
,
and
from
a
Galliot
that
was
in
the
Harbour
,
that
our
Officers
,
after
they
had
examined
more
nearly
the
works
of
the
Fort
,
finding
there
was
no
appearance
of
their
being
able
to
take
it
,
resolved
to
Retire
;
which
was
done
in
good
Order
.
The
body
of
Foot
that
was
posted
to
guard
the
passage
was
vigorously
attackt
by
the
Enemies
Horse
and
Foot
,
but
were
received
so
briskly
by
them
,
that
after
a
long
and
obstinate
fight
,
they
were
forced
to
retire
with
loss
.
That
attempt
having
thus
failed
,
de
Ruiter
advanced
higher
up
the
River
and
made
the
Ships
of
his
fleet
bespread
the
whole
breadth
of
it
that
they
quite
blockt
up
its
passage
.
Rear-Admiral
Vander
Zaan
was
ordered
to
stay
with
8
men
of
War
,
at
the
mouth
of
the
Harbour
of
Harwich
,
to
observe
the
Enemies
Ships
coming
or
going
to
and
from
the
Northward
,
and
Vice-Admiral
Evertsz
,
and
Star
were
sent
towards
the
North-Foreland
,
to
hinder
the
English
from
coming
in
on
that
side
.
In
the
mean
while
this
strange
and
indirect
proceeding
of
the
States
Forces
made
a
great
change
in
the
Negotiation
for
Peace
that
was
managing
at
Breda
.
For
the
States
Plenipotentiaries
stuck
not
to
say
,
That
the
advantages
their
Arms
had
newly
obtained
,
might
perhaps
make
their
Masters
alter
their
minds
;
That
however
they
consented
to
conclude
a
Peace
upon
the
conditions
that
had
been
presented
,
but
that
they
could
not
answer
for
its
Ratification
.
And
that
it
was
not
to
be
imagined
,
the
States
and
their
Allies
should
stand
to
the
offers
that
had
been
made
,
if
God
cont●nued
to
bless
their
Arms
with
new
Conquests
.
The
Dutch
Aiming
by
that
Declaration
,
to
oblige
the
English
to
make
choice
of
one
or
the
other
of
the
propositions
that
had
been
made
them
,
viz.
That
each
party
should
either
render
back
Reciprocally
what
they
had
taken
or
else
keep
on
both
sides
what
they
had
.
And
the
King
of
England's
Plenipotentiaries
appeared
likewise
much
more
inclinable
to
Peace
than
they
had
done
before
,
and
the
Differences
as
well
with
the
States
,
as
with
the
Kings
of
France
and
Denmark
were
at
last
terminated
on
the
10th
.
of
July
;
save
only
that
Mr.
Coventry
one
of
His
Britannick
Majesty's
Plenipotentiaries
was
obliged
to
go
back
with
all
speed
to
London
to
get
some
points
agreed
to
,
which
it
was
not
in
their
power
to
decide
.
The
news
of
a
Conclusion
of
the
Peace
was
brought
to
the
Fleet
the
14th
.
of
the
same
month
,
and
yet
because
it
was
not
fully
ratified
,
such
was
then
the
insolence
of
the
then
Lovestenian
Government
,
for
which
they
afterwards
paid
dear
,
that
orders
were
sent
for
all
that
,
next
day
to
de
Ruiter
,
to
continue
still
to
do
all
the
mischief
he
could
upon
the
English
Coasts
,
because
the
Peace
was
not
yet
fully
concluded
.
Upon
that
advice
the
Fleet
was
divided
the
same
day
into
2
Squadrons
,
whereof
1
under
the
Command
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
Van
Nes
,
was
ordered
to
block
up
the
River
of
Thames
,
and
the
other
under
the
Command
of
de
Ruiter
in
person
Quitted
the
Thames
to
go
a
cruizing
along
the
Channel
to
infest
the
several
Ports
of
the
Kingdom
there
.
On
the
18th
de
Ruiter's
Squadron
passed
the
Strait
of
Callis
,
and
the
next
day
advanced
right
against
the
Singels
without
meeting
any
Ship
.
But
the
English
Barbado's
and
Smirna
Fleets
which
they
had
flattered
themselves
with
the
hopes
of
taking
,
were
got
safe
into
Port
before
they
could
reach
them
.
Seeing
then
they
had
mist
their
desired
prey
,
they
resolved
next
to
attack
Torbay
,
where
there
were
2
Merchant
Ships
.
Which
enterprize
put
all
the
Coasts
of
England
so
much
the
more
in
alarm
,
because
de
Ruiter
having
divided
his
Squaron
into
several
bodies
,
made
them
appear
in
several
places
at
one
time
,
which
so
perplext
the
English
that
they
knew
not
which
way
to
bend
their
Force
to
hinder
a
descent
.
On
the
8th
of
August
,
having
received
a
Reinforcement
of
7
men
of
War
,
and
8
Fire-Ships
,
he
sailed
as
far
as
Plymouth
,
upon
advice
he
had
received
that
a
good
Number
of
English
men
of
War
were
there
assembling
.
The
next
day
towards
evening
,
a
Boat
came
out
of
Plymouth
carrying
a
White
Flag
,
which
came
directly
to
de
Ruiter
to
tell
him
the
News
of
a
Peace
.
There
were
in
it
two
English
Colonels
accompanied
with
two
other
Gentlemen
who
came
on
board
the
Admiral
,
and
told
him
that
Peace
was
Concluded
between
England
,
and
the
United
Provinces
;
after
which
they
made
him
great
protestations
of
Amity
,
praying
him
to
order
all
Acts
of
Hostility
to
cease
.
They
complained
at
the
same
time
of
the
fight
that
had
newly
hapned
on
the
Thames
between
Lieutenant
Admiral
Van
Nes
,
and
some
of
the
King's
Ships
;
and
how
that
,
contrary
to
the
Peace
,
many
of
their
Ships
had
been
endamaged
,
and
several
Fire-Ships
burnt
to
Ashes
,
&c.
But
de
Ruiter
without
taking
any
notice
of
all
those
Compliments
,
thought
not
fit
to
discontinue
his
Enterprize
as
believing
the
States
would
not
have
failed
to
have
informed
him
of
so
great
a
piece
of
News
,
if
things
had
been
really
so
as
the
English
pretended
.
Lieutenant
Admiral
Van
Nes
having
received
orders
from
the
States
,
to
remount
the
River
of
London
and
to
go
and
attack
the
English
men
of
War
and
Fire-Ships
that
were
in
the
Hope
,
and
to
keep
the
English
in
a
perpetual
alarm
,
set
sail
accordingly
with
his
Squadron
,
on
the
2d
.
of
August
and
found
there
Admiral
Spragg
with
5
Frigats
,
17
Fire-Ships
,
and
a
great
many
small
Vessels
.
The
principal
Circumstances
of
the
fight
that
hapned
between
them
on
that
occasion
,
are
Related
in
the
following
Letter
written
by
Lieutenant
Admiral
Van
Meppelen
,
who
led
the
Vanguard
.
Van
Nes.
UPon
the
advice
we
had
,
that
5
of
the
King's
Frigats
whereof
the
biggest
carried
54
Guns
,
16
or
18
Fire-Ships
,
and
a
good
Number
of
small
Vessels
were
riding
a
little
below
Gravesend
,
we
resolved
to
go
and
attack
them
.
I
led
the
Van
,
and
Captain
Naalhout
was
Commanded
with
8
Fire-Ships
,
to
go
and
begin
the
attack
.
I
following
him
close
with
five
men
of
War
,
and
was
backed
by
Lieutenant
Admiral
Van
Nes.
At
our
approach
the
Enemies
hoisted
their
Sails
,
and
staid
in
their
post
till
we
came
near
their
Fire-Ships
that
were
at
Anchor
;
we
prest
them
so
closely
,
that
some
of
them
in
a
fit
of
despair
,
cut
their
Anchor-Cables
and
retired
towards
the
King's
Frigats
who
likewise
began
to
flie
.
Captain
Naalhout
fell
upon
them
with
so
much
Courage
,
that
he
forced
them
to
veer
back
towards
their
Fire-Ships
who
enclosed
them
so
round
,
and
kept
so
close
to
them
,
that
it
was
Difficult
to
come
near
any
of
them
.
Then
a
Calm
coming
on
,
the
small
English
Vessels
fired
so
many
shot
at
our
Fire-Ships
,
that
we
were
forced
to
quit
some
of
them
,
after
we
had
set
fire
to
them
,
and
there
were
two
of
them
set
on
fire
and
burnt
by
the
Guns
of
the
English
.
But
as
soon
as
the
Wind
began
to
rise
a
little
they
all
betook
themselves
to
flight
,
and
we
chaced
them
as
far
as
under
the
very
Fort
of
Gravesend
which
fired
fiercely
upon
us
,
with
its
Cannon
.
We
Anchored
with
our
whole
Squadron
in
the
same
place
from
which
we
had
chased
them
,
and
we
lost
in
that
Action
11
Fire-Ships
,
so
that
there
was
but
one
left
us
,
and
the
English
lost
7.
On
the
next
day
being
the
3d.
of
August
,
we
perceived
the
Enemies
coming
down
the
River
,
and
making
towards
us
.
We
therefore
quitted
our
post
,
and
as
we
were
retiring
,
because
the
only
Fire-Ship
we
had
left
,
run
a
ground
and
that
it
was
impossible
to
save
it
,
we
set
it
on
fire
towards
Evening
.
The
English
were
already
got
very
near
us
with
their
Fire-Ships
;
we
received
them
vigorously
,
and
both
sides
continued
firing
at
one
another
,
till
we
cast
Anchor
,
and
then
the
English
quitted
us
.
The
next
day
we
advanced
so
fast
,
that
by
the
good
Conduct
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
Van
Nes
,
we
were
out
of
danger
of
running
a
ground
.
However
,
the
English
left
not
off
following
us
,
in
Hopes
to
burn
the
first
of
our
Ships
that
should
have
run
aground
;
But
we
gave
them
chace
again
about
the
dusk
of
the
Evening
.
On
the
5th
.
of
August
in
the
morning
,
we
descried
21
Sail
making
towards
us
with
a
fresh
East-North-East
Gale
,
which
we
easily
discovered
to
be
the
English
come
out
of
Harwich
.
They
had
5
Frigats
,
14
Fire-Ships
,
and
2
Galliots
.
Whereupon
Lieutenant
Admiral
Van
Nes
held
a
Council
,
and
it
was
resolved
we
should
cast
Anchor
,
and
manfully
to
stand
the
Enemies
shock
,
in
spite
of
the
danger
we
exposed
our selves
to
of
losing
some
Ships
.
As
soon
as
they
got
near
enough
to
us
,
the
first
motion
they
made
,
was
to
come
and
fall
upon
Captain
Naalhout
to
endeavour
to
burn
him
;
but
he
hastily
weighing
up
his
Anchor
,
vigorously
Repulsed
two
Fire-Ships
that
were
coming
to
grapple
him
,
and
escaped
as
't
were
by
Miralce
.
The
Rear-Admiral
of
Zealand
was
very
near
being
burnt
,
but
he
escaped
the
danger
by
Repulsing
the
Fire-Ship
with
his
Guns
.
The
Number
of
Fire-Ships
that
were
destroyed
as
well
on
the
English
as
the
Dutch
side
,
was
very
near
equal
.
After
that
Rencounter
Lieutenant
Admiral
Van
Nes
returned
to
his
post
to
keep
the
River
blockt
up
,
as
he
had
done
before
.
A
Peace
was
at
last
Concluded
the
last
day
of
July
.
And
Admiral
de
Ruiter
having
received
advice
that
the
Ratifications
were
exchanged
on
both
sides
,
the
25th
.
of
the
same
month
,
and
thereupon
the
Peace
was
accordingly
Proclaimed
,
ordered
all
Acts
of
Hostility
to
cease
.
Such
was
the
end
of
the
Second
War
the
United
Provinces
had
with
England
;
which
was
terminated
indeed
by
a
Peace
,
but
such
a
one
,
alas
that
was
but
of
small
duration
,
since
scarce
had
those
two
Powers
laid
down
their
Arms
,
but
they
were
forced
to
take
them
up
again
,
as
will
appear
in
the
sequel
of
our
History
.
THE
LIFE
OF
Cornelius
Tromp
,
Lieutenant
Admiral
of
Holland
and
of
West-Friesland
.
The
Fourth
BOOK
.
HOlland
and
its
Allies
began
now
to
tast
the
Fruits
of
Peace
;
and
in
Order
to
make
it
the
more
firm
and
durable
,
England
,
Swedeland
,
William
Temple
Ambassador
from
his
Britannick
Majesty
at
the
Hague
.
The
first
good
effect
that
Tripple-Alliance
produced
,
was
to
put
a
stop
to
the
rapid
Course
of
the
usurpations
of
France
in
the
Low-Countries
,
by
setting
bounds
to
its
Ambition
.
For
the
French
King
knew
so
well
how
to
make
his
advantage
of
the
late
War
between
England
and
Holland
,
which
he
had
fomented
for
his
own
ends
,
that
he
took
that
opportunity
,
to
surprize
the
weak
Spaniards
then
under
an
infant
King
,
and
to
wrest
several
important
places
from
them
in
the
Low-Countries
,
contrary
to
the
Faith
of
the
Treaties
on
foot
between
the
two
Crowns
.
But
the
Triple-Alliance
forced
him
to
lay
down
his
Arms
,
so
that
on
the
2d
.
of
May
,
a
Peace
was
Concluded
between
France
and
Spain
at
Aix
la
Chappelle
.
After
that
,
the
French
King
being
much
disgusted
at
the
Conduct
of
the
States
,
never
left
off
to
seek
out
occasion
to
shew
his
fierce
Resentment
.
The
first
step
he
thought
fit
to
make
towards
it
,
was
to
endeavour
to
break
the
Famous
,
and
by
him
so
much
dreaded
Tripple-Alliance
,
by
dividing
the
Princes
that
were
engag'd
in
it
.
The
disgracefull
Ravages
and
Spoils
the
Hollanders
had
so
unfairly
committed
on
the
English
Coasts
,
but
chiefly
at
Chattam
,
at
a
time
of
a
Treaty
of
Peace
,
as
likewise
some
new
difficulties
about
Navigation
and
Commerce
,
furnisht
him
with
a
hopefull
pretence
,
enough
to
work
withal
upon
the
King
of
England
;
there
wanted
only
a
dextrous
Person
to
be
chosen
that
might
be
fit
to
perswade
his
Britannick
Majesty
.
And
as
the
French
have
always
been
successfull
in
employing
the
Ministery
of
Females
in
their
most
important
Negotiations
,
because
they
are
more
insinuating
,
and
flatter
generally
with
a
more
powerfull
and
irresistible
influence
than
men
;
so
accordingly
the
Dutchess
of
Orleans
,
Sister
to
that
Prince
,
was
pitcht
upon
to
pass
to
the
Court
of
England
,
to
manage
that
nice
affair
.
She
set
out
then
in
the
month
of
June
1670
,
The
French
Court
,
without
declaring
themselves
openly
had
already
begun
to
Commit
a
sort
of
Hostility
,
by
laying
excessive
imposts
upon
all
Dutch
Merchandizes
imported
into
that
Kingdom
.
The
States
having
Complained
of
it
several
times
with
no
effect
,
resolved
at
last
to
retaliate
that
usage
,
by
forbidding
the
importing
any
Brandy
or
French
Manufactures
into
their
Dominions
,
hoping
by
that
means
to
oblige
the
most
Christian
King
to
alter
his
proceedings
.
And
because
the
march
of
the
French
Army
towards
Dunkirk
put
them
in
some
apprehension
for
the
Low-Countries
,
the
States
resolved
also
to
have
a
powerfull
Fleet
at
Sea
under
the
Command
of
Admiral
de
Ruiter
both
to
secure
their
Commerce
,
and
to
observe
the
motions
of
the
French
.
And
besides
they
Sollicited
England
likewise
to
put
a
Fleet
to
Sea
,
to
joyn
with
theirs
,
according
to
the
obligations
of
the
Tripple-League
:
But
King
Charles
gave
them
already
to
understand
,
that
he
had
quite
different
aims
.
On
the
8th
.
of
June
1671.
de
Ruiter
sailed
out
of
the
Mense
with
some
men
of
War
,
towards
Ostend
,
near
which
place
,
his
Fleet
was
to
Rendesvouz
.
It
consisted
of
46
men
of
War
,
10
Advice-Yachts
,
and
6
Fire-Ships
.
It
carried
2379
Guns
,
8090
Seamen
,
and
2768
Soldiers
;
and
was
divided
into
3
Squadrons
,
the
first
under
the
immediate
Command
of
de
Ruiter
,
the
second
under
that
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
Bankert
,
and
the
third
under
the
Conduct
of
Lieutenant-Admiral
de
Gent.
Whilst
the
Fleet
was
cruizing
upon
the
Coasts
of
the
Netherlands
,
it
was
on
the
20th
.
of
August
overtaken
with
a
violent
Tempest
,
by
which
several
Ships
were
endamaged
,
and
that
of
Admiral
de
Ruiter
was
one
of
the
worst
treated
.
Two
days
after
,
he
went
and
Anchored
near
Westkappel
,
to
Repair
and
Refit
his
shattered
Ships
;
from
whence
he
discovered
a
Yacht
,
called
the
Merlin
,
which
carried
the
King
of
England's
Flag
on
her
Main-Mast-Top
.
She
was
come
out
of
the
Meuse
and
going
back
for
England
,
and
as
she
passed
throw
the
Dutch
Fleet
she
saluted
de
Ruiter
with
some
Guns
,
but
he
being
busy
in
Refiting
his
Ship
,
could
not
make
use
of
his
Guns
to
answer
his
salute
.
Lieutenant-Admiral
de
Gent
perceiving
it
,
rendred
the
King
's
Yacht
the
Honours
due
to
her
with
a
salute
of
7
Guns
:
And
in
the
mean
while
Admiral
de
Ruiter
having
made
hast
to
get
his
ready
,
saluted
likewise
with
9
Guns
;
but
the
English
made
him
no
return
.
At
the
same
time
setting
Sail●
,
he
summoned
on
board
him
all
the
General
Officers
and
Captains
of
the
fleet
to
inform
him
what
damage
they
had
suffered
by
the
late
ill
Weather
.
And
then
it
was
that
Lieutenant
Admiral
de
Gent
told
him
,
that
after
he
had
returned
his
salute
to
the
Kings
Yacht
,
the
English
Captain
fired
twice
at
him
with
Bullets
,
because
he
refused
to
strike
his
Flag
;
that
thereupon
he
sent
his
Captain
on
Board
the
Yacht
to
know
of
the
Commander
the
reasons
that
oliged
him
to
act
in
that
manner
,
and
that
hearing
that
Madam
Temple
was
on
board
her
,
because
he
had
had
the
honour
to
visit
her
at
her
lodging
at
the
Hague
,
where
she
had
treated
him
with
great
civilities
,
he
was
minded
to
go
on
board
the
Yacht
himself
to
pay
her
his
Respects
;
and
that
as
he
went
in
,
he
told
the
Captain
very
civilly
,
That
as
for
an
affair
of
so
great
an
importance
as
that
was
,
to
strike
his
Flag
to
one
of
the
King's
Yachts
,
upon
their
own
Coasts
,
truely
without
an
Express
Order
,
he
durst
not
do
it
,
but
that
if
his
Britannick
Majesty
had
reason
to
pretend
any
such
thing
,
the
difference
ought
to
be
decided
between
his
Majesty
and
the
States
;
and
that
after
that
discourse
,
they
parted
good
friends
,
Notwithstanding
which
,
that
Rencounter
by
the
French
was
made
the
Subject
of
so
much
noise
and
blustring
in
England
,
that
the
States
found
they
had
reason
to
apprehend
very
mischievous
Consesequences
from
it
.
The
Campaign
the
most
Christian
King
was
to
make
near
Dunkirk
having
ended
in
a
bare
review
of
his
Army
;
The
States
thought
the
Spanish
low-Countries
had
nothing
to
fear
that
year
,
and
therefore
they
resolved
to
call
home
their
Fleet
,
to
prevent
the
Tempests
that
begun
already
to
reign
.
And
accordingly
Admiral
de
Ruiter
had
orders
to
retire
on
the
21st
.
of
September
and
the
23d
of
the
same
month
,
the
Fleet
went
into
Port
,
to
be
Disarmed
and
laid
up
.
In
the
mean
while
the
designs
France
had
formed
against
the
Netherlands
,
begun
to
break
out
,
as
likewise
the
intelligence
the
King
of
England
had
with
that
Crown
;
And
the
States
were
informed
from
good
hands
,
what
Springs
the
French
King
had
set
on
work
to
break
the
Triple
League
,
and
that
to
induce
King
Charles
to
break
out
or
it
,
he
promised
to
put
into
the
field
an
Army
of
100000
men
,
and
to
set
out
to
Sea
a
Fleet
of
40
Sail
of
men
of
War
.
But
however
the
English
on
their
side
to
lull
asleep
the
States
,
gave
them
good
words
.
At
the
beginning
of
the
Year
1672
,
the
business
about
the
Merlin
Yacht
was
revived
again
.
And
Sir
George
Downing
was
sent
to
the
Hague
from
his
British
Majesty
,
to
make
Complaint
of
it
,
and
to
demand
Reparation
;
adding
,
that
Lieutenant
Admiral
de
Gent
ought
to
be
punisht
.
And
tho'
the
19th
.
Article
of
the
Treaty
at
Breda
,
That
men
of
War
,
or
Merchants
Ships
belonging
to
the
Vnited
Provinces
,
when
they
shall
meet
any
of
the
King
of
England's
Ships
of
War
in
the
British
Seas
,
shall
be
obliged
to
strike
their
Flag
,
and
lower
their
main
Topsails
as
was
formerly
practised
Yer
Sir
George
Downing
would
needs
maintain
,
against
the
Commissioners
appointed
to
treat
with
him
,
that
the
business
of
the
Flag
was
not
to
be
taken
from
the
Treaty
of
Breda
,
but
from
an
Ancient
right
;
and
that
the
civilities
they
rendred
one
another
,
were
all
times
to
be
Reciprocal
,
&c.
Some
days
after
,
he
delivered
in
a
writing
wherein
it
was
asserted
,
That
the
Empire
of
the
Sea
belonged
to
the
English
:
That
not
only
every
single
Ship
was
obliged
to
strike
their
Flag
,
but
even
whole
Fleets
:
That
Lieutenant
Admiral
de
Gent
had
failed
in
his
Duty
,
and
ought
to
be
punished
,
&c.
All
the
Reasons
the
States
could
alledge
,
would
not
satisfie
Sir
George
Downing
,
nor
stop
his
hasty
departure
.
The
States
likewise
employed
all
imaginable
means
to
satisfy
the
French
King
,
but
that
Prince
had
taken
so
strong
a
Resolution
to
make
War
,
that
nothing
was
able
to
divert
him
from
it
.
Whereupon
the
States
seeing
plainly
,
that
all
those
Preparations
were
making
against
the
United
Provinces
,
and
that
the
Netherlands
were
going
to
be
made
the
Theater
of
a
terrible
War
,
they
begun
to
provide
for
themselves
,
by
raising
a
Fund
to
defray
the
vast
expences
they
were
like
to
be
engaged
in
.
And
after
deliberations
,
the
Prince
of
Orange
was
Created
Captain
General
of
the
Armies
of
the
State
the
24th
of
February
,
upon
certain
conditions
not
necessary
to
be
inserted
here
.
The
States
having
enjoyed
Peace
by
Land
near
24
years
,
their
Land-Forces
were
so
accustomed
to
Idleness
,
that
they
were
not
like
the
same
men
;
and
too
long
a
rest
had
effeminated
the
Spirits
of
the
Soldiers
,
that
there
was
no
Reliance
to
be
made
upon
their
Service
.
Therefore
Orders
were
given
for
new
Levies
and
endeavours
were
used
to
make
Alliances
with
the
Neighbouring
Princes
for
Auxiliary
Troops
.
They
used
all
diligence
to
fit
out
a
Fleet
of
48
Capital
men
of
War
,
and
24
Fire-Ships
,
besides
Galliots
and
other
small
Tenders
;
which
Number
was
afterwards
considerably
Augmented
.
In
the
mean
while
,
the
English
put
out
a
Fleet
of
38
men
of
War
,
divided
into
three
Squadrons
;
and
the
States
Agent
named
de
Clarges
,
having
discovered
,
that
their
design
was
to
go
and
meet
,
and
attack
the
Dutch
Smirna
Fleet
,
one
of
the
richest
they
ever
had
yet
,
used
his
best
Policy
to
disappoint
the
English
;
and
for
that
effect
dispatch'd
away
several
Galliots
from
Callis
,
to
go
and
give
the
Smirna
men
notice
of
it
in
the
Spanish
Seas
;
so
that
upon
that
Advice
,
they
took
their
Precautions
for
their
own
defence
.
They
were
to
the
Number
of
72
sail
,
including
among
them
6
men
of
War
,
that
were
their
Convoy
.
When
they
were
come
as
far
as
the
middle
of
the
Channel
a
Squadron
of
9
English
Frigats
,
Dutch
Smirna
Fleet
attackt
by
the
English
.
and
3
Yachts
under
the
Command
of
Sir
Robert
Holms
,
came
&
attackt
them
.
On
the
24th
.
of
March
.
At
the
sight
of
the
English
,
the
Merchant
Fleet
threw
themselves
into
the
form
of
a
Crescent
,
and
maintained
the
fight
so
vigorously
for
some
hours
,
that
Sir
Robert
Holms
was
forced
to
retire
from
them
toward
night
but
the
next
day
having
received
a
Reinforcement
of
4
or
5
men
of
War
more
,
he
came
up
with
them
again
,
and
charged
them
a
fresh
,
but
with
no
better
luck
then
at
the
first
time
,
and
the
whole
Smirna
Fleet
had
escaped
,
had
not
the
English
,
upon
the
renewing
the
fight
a
third
time
,
hapned
to
take
one
of
the
Convoy
Ships
whose
Captain
was
killed
,
which
was
the
cause
of
the
loss
4
Merchant
Ships
which
were
cut
off
from
a
Squadron
that
were
put
into
some
Disorder
,
such
was
the
end
of
that
fight
;
And
that
was
all
the
advantage
the
English
gained
over
them
.
But
the
main
body
of
that
Merchant
Fleet
,
got
in
at
length
safe
into
the
Ports
of
Holland
.
The
Captains
,
de
Nes
and
de
Haas
,
who
commanded
there
in
chief
,
lost
their
lives
there
,
and
Captain
du
Bois
had
his
Left
hand
shot
off
The
French
King
Declared
War
against
the
United
Provinces
the
same
day
.
The
pretence
of
which
Declaration
was
,
That
the
displeasure
his
Majesty
had
received
from
the
Conduct
of
the
States
General
of
the
Vnited
Provinces
for
some
time
past
towards
him
,
was
come
to
such
a
height
,
that
his
Majesty
could
no
longer
dissemble
his
Resentment
,
without
prejudice
to
his
Glory
,
and
that
a
proceeding
so
very
unsuitable
to
the
great
obligations
the
States
had
to
his
Majesty
,
and
to
other
Kings
his
predecessors
,
had
at
last
provoked
him
to
take
a
Resolution
to
make
War
against
them
by
Sea
and
Land
,
&c.
The
motives
that
induced
the
Bishop
of
Munster
and
Elector
of
Cologne
to
joyn
with
France
likewise
in
a
War
against
the
States
,
were
not
much
better
founded
then
those
of
the
French
King
.
The
King
of
Swedeland
being
then
but
very
young
,
had
not
experience
enough
to
avoid
suffering
himself
to
be
imposed
upon
by
the
promises
of
France
,
quitted
likewise
the
Engagements
he
had
with
his
Allies
,
in
prejudice
to
the
Tripple-League
.
The
United
Provinces
then
seeing
themselves
thus
without
any
second
,
and
all
alone
engaged
in
a
danger
of
a
very
fo●midable
aspect
,
fell
into
Great
extreamities
.
For
the
French
King
entring
their
Country
with
a
very
Numerous
and
well
disciplined
Army
,
took
Town
after
Town
without
Resistance
;
whilst
the
Bishop
of
Munster
,
and
Elector
of
Cologne
,
attackt
the
States
on
another
side
,
and
finding
the
places
open
,
were
no
less
Victorious
than
their
Great
Allie
.
In
fine
,
such
was
the
rapidity
of
their
progresses
,
that
of
seven
Provinces
,
three
were
already
fallen
into
the
hands
of
the
Enemies
;
And
if
the
affairs
of
the
United
Provinces
had
succeeded
so
desperately
ill
at
Sea
,
as
they
had
done
at
Land
,
it
may
be
said
,
that
in
all
humane
appearance
,
they
had
been
irretrievably
lost
.
For
after
such
great
losses
,
what
could
they
expect
but
a
Total
Ruine
?
but
because
those
Events
do
but
indirectly
concern
our
Subject
,
and
that
they
have
been
already
very
largely
and
fully
related
by
several
Historians
,
we
shall
leave
them
to
return
to
speak
only
of
the
Actions
that
hapned
at
Sea
.
They
had
wrought
with
so
much
diligence
in
arming
out
the
Fleet
in
Holland
,
that
it
was
ready
on
the
9th
.
of
May
,
to
set
sail
.
And
the
vigilence
and
care
of
Admiral
de
Ruiter
,
and
Pensionary
de
Wit
,
contributed
very
much
to
that
successfull
advance
.
It
set
sail
then
under
the
Conduct
of
Admiral
de
Ruiter
and
Cornelius
de
Wit.
Deputy
of
the
States
,
consisting
of
67
sail
,
which
Number
was
soon
was
soon
after
Augmented
,
by
a
Reinforcement
of
several
Ships
more
.
On
the
14th
.
day
of
the
same
month
,
the
two
Fleets
of
England
and
France
joined
likewise
near
the
Isle
of
Wight
;
And
the
same
day
the
Dutch
Fleet
sailed
towards
the
Coasts
of
Great
Britain
,
where
they
Anchored
till
the
7th
.
of
June
being
Composed
then
of
91
men
of
War
,
44
Fire-Ships
,
and
23
Advice-Yachts
,
making
in
all
,
158
sail
.
Then
weighing
Anchor
they
arrived
at
break
of
day
at
Solbay
.
The
Confederate
Fleets
that
were
above
100
sail
strong
of
men
of
War
,
had
as
the
Dutch
Relations
Represent
things
,
several
times
already
avoided
Battle
.
But
the
Hollanders
having
discovered
themselves
,
presented
them
so
unexpectedly
and
suddenly
before
the
bay
,
that
several
of
the
Enemies
Ships
were
forced
to
cut
their
Anchor-Cables
to
get
out
to
range
themselves
timely
in
a
Line
of
Battle
.
de
Ruiter
and
the
English
and
French
Fl●ets
.
The
two
Royal
Fleets
were
likewise
divided
into
three
Squadrons
.
The
Duke
of
York
,
as
Lord
High
Admiral
of
the
Kingdom
,
had
the
Command
of
the
main
Battle
,
or
of
the
Red
Squadron
;
The
Count
d'
Etrees
Vice-Admiral
of
France
Commanded
the
Right
Wing
,
or
the
White
Squadron
;
and
Admiral
Mountague
Earl
of
Sandwich
,
had
the
Conduct
of
the
Left
Wing
,
or
Blue
Squadron
.
Admiral
de
Ruiter
disposed
himself
to
attack
the
Red
Squadron
;
Lieutenant
Admiral
Bankert
the
White
,
and
Lieutenant
Admiral
de
Gent
the
Blue
one
.
De
Ruiter
advanced
his
Squadron
,
and
came
up
and
posted
himself
within
Pistol
shot
Right
against
the
Duke
of
York
,
and
fired
a
broadside
at
him
,
which
he
returned
again
with
the
like
.
The
two
Admirals
continued
thundring
at
one
another
,
with
continual
discharges
for
about
2
hours
,
till
they
were
both
much
shattered
.
But
at
last
,
the
Duke
of
York's
Flag
,
with
the
main
Top-Mast
to
which
it
was
fastned
,
being
shot
down
,
he
was
forced
to
remove
,
and
put
up
his
Flag
in
another
Ship
,
called
the
London
.
Lieutenant
Admiral
Van
Nes
,
seconded
by
some
other
Ships
,
made
right
up
to
the
Vice-Admiral
of
the
Red
;
both
of
them
kept
with
their
head
to
the
North
in
charging
:
But
a
Calm
coming
on
,
they
could
make
no
more
motion
with
any
advantage
to
themselves
.
However
they
continued
firing
at
one
another
all
the
while
without
intermission
.
The
Royal
Catharine
an
80
Gun
Ship
,
Commanded
by
Captain
Chichly
,
falling
near
Van
Nes's
Ship
,
he
gave
order
to
his
men
to
seize
and
take
her
,
●ut
a
little
time
after
Van
Nes
had
quitted
her
to
return
to
the
fight
,
the
Dutch
that
were
put
on
board
to
keep
her
,
begun
to
pillage
,
so
that
the
English
that
were
left
in
her
,
knew
so
well
to
make
their
advantage
of
that
opportunity
,
that
they
retook
her
again
,
and
carried
her
back
into
England
.
Captain
Brakel
did
that
day
,
without
having
receiv'd
any
order
for
it
,
one
of
the
Boldest
and
most
Heroick
Actions
in
the
World
.
For
at
the
very
beginning
of
the
battle
,
whilst
the
Wind
continued
to
blow
still
a
soft
Gale
,
coming
out
of
de
Ruiter's
Squadron
,
followed
by
a
Fire
ship
,
he
tackt
to
the
Northward
,
and
fell
upon
the
Earl
of
Sandwich
,
Admiral
of
the
Blue
Squadron
:
He
made
up
to
him
without
firing
so
much
as
one
Gun
,
enduring
all
the
furious
discharges
of
his
Enemy
,
and
of
several
other
English
Ships
that
were
about
him
.
And
when
he
was
got
very
near
the
Royal
James
he
fired
a
whole
broadside
at
her
so
effectually
,
that
a
moment
after
there
was
nothing
to
be
heard
from
her
but
the
lamentable
cries
of
a
great
Number
of
poor
wounded
wretches
not
to
speak
of
those
that
were
killed
with
shot
or
splinters
.
But
that
which
sets
of
the
Glory
of
that
Action
with
so
much
the
more
Lustre
,
is
,
that
Brakel's
Ship
,
called
the
Grand
Holland
,
carried
not
above
300
men
,
and
62
Guns
,
whereas
the
Royal
James
carried
above
104
,
and
1000
men
so
that
this
compared
to
the
other
appeared
but
like
a
small
Boat
.
Yet
Brakel
attackt
her
so
vigorously
,
and
fired
so
furiously
for
half
an
hour
into
the
very
heart
of
the
Enemies
Ship
,
that
according
to
wheat
Admiral
Mountague
himself
said
,
he
would
have
yielded
to
Brakel
,
if
he
had
born
a
Flag
.
Lieutenant
Admiral
de
Gent's
Squadron
had
begun
likewise
to
engage
,
and
some
of
his
Ships
advanced
likewise
and
fell
upon
Admiral
Mountague
;
he
having
already
repulsed
and
sunk
3
Fire-Ships
,
found
himself
so
overwhelmed
by
the
Hollanders
that
he
could
not
hold
out
any
longer
.
To
Disengage
himself
he
caused
Brakel's
Ship
that
h●ld
him
so
fast
Grapled
,
to
be
chopt
off
with
Axes
;
and
which
had
been
before
so
ill
treated
,
that
she
was
n
longer
able
to
keep
the
Sea
.
Most
of
his
Officers
were
killed
,
and
he
had
scarce
100
sound
men
left
,
able
to
do
Service
.
But
to
return
to
Mountague's
Ship
,
a
fourth
Fire-ship
falling
upon
him
,
Grapled
him
so
fast
,
that
his
Ship
was
soon
burnt
to
Ashes
.
The
Seamen
jumpt
Pell-Mell
into
the
Sea
.
And
Mountague
himself
with
two
of
his
Sons
being
entred
into
a
Boat
in
hopes
to
save
themselves
,
she
was
in
a
trice
filled
so
full
of
men
,
and
overcharged
,
that
she
sunk
;
so
that
Admiral
Mountague
or
the
Earl
of
Sandwich
,
that
had
been
so
Famous
,
unfortunately
perisht
there
with
two
of
his
Sons
.
His
body
was
taken
up
among
other
Dead
men
,
and
carried
to
London
,
where
it
was
interred
with
great
Honour
and
Magnificence
.
On
the
Hollanders
side
,
Lieutenant
Admiral
de
Gent
,
was
not
much
more
Fortunate
than
Admiral
Mountague
:
For
being
extreamly
Irritated
against
the
English
ever
since
the
business
of
the
Merlin
Yacht
,
because
they
would
needs
have
had
him
punisht
by
the
States
,
he
advanced
and
fell
into
the
Blue
Squadron
with
so
much
Fury
and
Undaunted
Resolution
,
that
he
caused
much
Terrour
and
Disorder
among
them
:
but
he
had
hardly
fought
half
an
hour
,
when
he
was
taken
off
by
a
Cannon-Bullet
.
His
Death
was
resented
as
a
great
loss
to
the
United
Provinces
as
well
for
the
great
Services
he
had
rendred
,
as
for
those
he
might
still
have
rendred
them
.
Captain
Panhuisen
that
Commanded
under
him
on
board
his
Ship
,
took
his
time
to
inform
de
Ruiter
and
de
Wit
,
without
any
noise
of
his
Death
.
He
was
ordered
to
make
no
words
of
it
,
and
in
the
mean
while
,
to
act
with
his
Ship
what
was
most
requisite
for
the
Service
of
the
State
:
But
as
he
was
worthily
acquitting
himself
of
his
Employ
he
had
the
misfortune
to
have
one
of
his
Legs
shot
off
.
Lieutenant
Admiral
Bankert
of
Zealand
attackt
so
vigorously
the
White
Squadron
,
Composed
most
of
the
French
Nation
,
that
the
Count
de
Estrees
who
Commanded
it
,
having
,
as
't
is
thought
,
secret
orders
not
to
fight
,
tackt
away
to
the
South-ward
,
which
motion
separated
the
French
from
the
English
,
whom
they
had
a
mind
to
leave
in
the
Lurch
;
which
separation
Bankert
taking
advantage
of
,
pursued
them
close
,
firing
continually
at
them
,
but
the
French
would
not
be
perswaded
to
make
any
stand
to
face
them
,
but
continued
to
retreat
till
the
night
came
on
,
and
then
they
begun
downright
to
flie
,
and
to
make
all
the
sail
they
could
towards
the
Channel
.
There
were
performed
many
brave
actions
on
that
memorable
day
as
well
by
the
English
as
the
Dutch.
A
great
English
Ship
of
70
Guns
was
burnt
by
a
Fire-Ship
,
two
more
of
the
first
Rates
were
sunk
,
and
there
were
two
more
destroyed
.
The
English
on
their
side
,
so
cruely
battered
the
Ship
called
the
Jesus
,
Commanded
by
Captain
Dyke
that
they
sunk
her
.
The
Ship
Staveren
,
Commanded
by
Captain
Elsevier
,
was
after
a
vigorous
resistance
,
taken
and
9
or
10
Fire-Ships
were
spent
to
no
effect
.
The
night
separated
the
Combatants
,
and
the
English
besides
Admiral
Mountague
.
are
said
to
have
lost
18
Captains
,
all
men
of
Note
,
and
above
two
thousand
Seamen
and
Soldiers
.
Mr
Cornelius
de
Wit
,
who
represented
upon
the
Fleet
,
the
Soveraignty
of
the
States
,
gave
in
this
occasion
likewise
Signal
proofs
of
his
Zeal
,
by
the
undaunted
Resolution
with
which
he
exposed
himself
to
all
sorts
of
dangers
,
as
appears
by
the
following
Extract
of
the
Letter
he
writ
on
that
Subject
.
Cornelius
de
Wit.
THe
fight
continued
all
day
with
a
great
deal
of
obstinacy
and
heat
,
insomuch
that
Mr.
de
Ruiter
said
he
never
was
in
so
hot
an
Action
in
his
Life
.
I
cannot
specify
what
Number
of
men
,
we
had
killed
on
board
our
Ships
,
because
they
were
instantly
thrown
over
board
as
fast
as
they
fell
,
but
this
I
can
tell
,
that
of
12
Soldiers
and
a
Sergeant
,
drawn
out
of
Mr.
Ritenburg's
Company
to
be
my
Halbardiers
,
and
which
were
some
of
them
about
me
,
and
the
rest
over
the
Masters
Cabbin
,
there
remain
9
Alive
,
whereof
one
has
both
his
Legs
shot
off
,
and
two
more
are
mortally
wounded
.
I
kept
my self
all
the
time
before
the
Masters
Cabbin
,
and
when
I
was
weary
with
standing
,
I
sat
down
in
a
Chair
,
that
I
might
be
able
attentively
to
observe
all
that
passed
,
&c.
The
next
day
the
Hollanders
would
have
renewed
the
fight
,
but
the
two
Royal
Fleets
being
again
rejoined
,
kept
to
the
Wind-ward
of
them
without
seeming
to
dare
to
approach
them
,
which
the
Hollanders
pretended
to
be
an
undoubted
mark
,
that
they
had
had
the
disadvantage
the
day
before
,
since
't
is
to
be
presumed
said
they
,
if
it
had
been
otherwise
,
they
would
have
endeavoured
to
have
made
use
of
the
advantage
of
the
wind
which
was
on
their
side
,
to
have
charged
them
again
.
But
the
English
all●dged
,
that
there
arose
so
great
a
Fog
,
that
they
could
not
do
it
.
The
body
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
de
Gent
,
who
was
killed
in
that
Battle
,
was
transported
in
a
Galliot
into
Holland
,
and
embalmed
at
the
Hague
,
and
thence
was
carried
to
Vtrecht
,
where
it
was
enterr'd
in
the
Dom
Church
,
and
a
Stately
monument
was
afterwards
erected
to
his
Memory
,
at
the
States
charge
.
The
Dutch
out
of
a
very
necessary
policy
in
the
then
distressed
condition
of
their
affairs
at
Land
,
publisht
,
that
they
had
obtained
a
signal
Victory
in
that
Battle
over
the
Royal
Fleets
;
which
News
being
spread
abroad
on
the
7th
.
of
June
at
the
Hague
,
contributed
not
a
little
to
raise
and
revive
the
drooping
hopes
and
dying
Courage
of
the
People
,
who
were
extreamly
dismayed
at
the
rapid
Progresses
and
terrible
depredations
of
the
Enemies
Land-Armies
on
their
Frontiers
.
For
at
the
very
beginning
of
June
,
no
less
than
3
Armies
,
viz.
that
of
France
,
of
the
Elector
of
Cologne
,
and
of
the
Bishop
of
Munster
,
entred
their
Country
,
and
attackt
them
on
every
side
at
the
same
time
.
And
Orsoy
,
Bunick
,
Wesel
,
and
Rynburg
,
were
all
taken
in
four
days
without
any
Resistance
.
The
French
King
adding
Conquest
to
Conquest
entred
every
day
further
and
further
into
the
Country
,
and
pusht
on
his
ambitious
designs
with
so
much
the
greater
Rapidity
,
because
all
gave
way
before
him
by
an
unparallelled
fatality
.
And
it
may
be
said
,
that
if
the
Confederate
Fleets
had
been
as
successfull
,
as
their
Land-Armies
,
the
States
had
been
lost
without
retrieve
,
and
the
United
Provinces
would
have
been
forced
to
submit
to
the
Yoke
of
those
Foreign
Powers
that
then
attackt
them
with
so
much
fury
;
but
by
reason
that
the
French
Fleet
fought
not
at
all
,
and
that
the
English
trusting
on
their
assistance
did
not
employ
their
full
Naval
strength
,
and
that
Admiral
de
Ruiter
by
his
vigilance
,
had
surprized
them
at
a
disadvantage
,
when
they
little
dreamt
of
him
,
in
that
he
hindred
them
thereby
from
gaining
a
Victory
over
him
,
that
success
was
to
him
and
the
Dutch
at
that
ticklish
Juncture
of
Time
,
as
advantageous
as
an
Actual
and
Compleat
Victory
at
any
other
season
,
by
keeping
up
the
hearts
of
the
dispirited
people
,
securing
their
Navigation
,
and
preserving
their
Coasts
from
the
like
Invasions
and
direfull
desolation
with
which
their
Land-Frontiers
were
afflicted
.
However
the
United
Provinces
were
reduced
into
so
lamentable
a
condition
,
that
the
States
at
length
took
a
Resolution
to
send
two
Deputies
at
the
same
time
,
viz.
one
to
the
French
King
,
and
another
to
the
King
of
great
Britain
,
to
endeavour
to
move
those
two
Princes
to
come
to
some
Accomodation
with
them
.
On
the
19th
of
June
,
two
Deputies
past
through
the
Fleet
,
and
made
all
the
speed
they
could
toward
the
Court
of
England
,
whilst
others
were
dispatched
away
to
go
and
address
themselves
to
the
French
King
,
at
the
head
of
his
Army
;
but
alas
!
all
those
steps
were
made
but
in
vain
;
For
the
two
Kings
,
puffed
up
with
so
many
past
successes
,
and
with
the
hopes
of
a
Total
Conquest
,
made
such
exorbitant
demands
,
that
there
was
no
complying
with
them
;
so
that
the
Deputies
were
fain
to
come
back
without
doing
any
thing
.
In
the
mean
while
the
Mob
beginning
to
rise
,
accused
those
who
had
the
management
of
the
Government
,
and
principally
the
two
de
Wits
,
of
being
the
Authors
of
all
those
disasters
and
charged
them
with
Treason
,
and
holding
dangerous
Correspondence
with
the
Enemies
of
the
State
.
A
few
days
after
the
Royal
Confederate
Fleets
appeared
before
the
Dutch
Coast
with
design
to
make
a
descent
near
the
Hague
,
Harlem
,
or
the
Texel
:
But
that
enterprize
was
diverted
by
a
kind
of
Miracle
.
For
on
the
very
day
singled
out
for
that
design
,
as
the
Enemy
was
expecting
the
coming
in
of
the
tide
,
to
send
in
their
Boats
and
small
Vessels
Laden
with
Soldiers
in
order
to
Land
them
,
it
hapned
to
delay
its
advance
12
full
hours
later
than
Ordinary
,
contrary
to
its
natural
Order
,
to
the
great
surprize
and
astonishment
of
all
that
were
versed
in
Sea
affairs
,
and
that
ever
frequented
that
Element
.
That
prodigy
was
lookt
upon
as
one
of
the
most
sensible
marks
of
the
Protection
of
God
that
begun
to
declare
it self
for
the
States
.
That
Retardation
of
the
Tide
was
likewise
followed
by
a
horrible
Tempest
,
that
forced
the
Enemies
Fleets
with
terror
to
quit
the
Holland
Coasts
,
and
to
retire
homewards
with
great
loss
.
For
three
of
their
men
of
War
,
and
some
other
Victualling
Ships
were
cast
away
or
swallowed
up
by
the
Waves
.
During
these
Transactions
,
de
Ruiter
kept
with
the
Dutch
fleet
near
the
Holland
Coasts
to
have
an
eye
upon
the
Motions
of
the
Enemies
.
On
the
5th
of
August
,
news
came
,
that
14
East
-
India
Ships
valued
at
near
14
Millions
of
Livers
were
happily
arrived
at
the
mouth
of
the
Eems
before
Delfzil
.
The
Enemies
had
flattered
themselves
with
the
hopes
of
taking
them
,
and
thought
it
was
impossible
for
them
to
miss
of
so
rich
a
prize
;
which
obliged
them
to
post
themselves
near
the
Dogger-Sand
to
be
the
readier
at
hand
to
seize
upon
them
.
For
they
could
not
imagine
,
the
Government
could
have
time
to
advise
them
of
the
Rupture
,
because
they
were
put
to
Sea
at
the
time
of
the
beginning
of
the
War
,
and
that
if
they
had
received
any
information
of
it
,
that
could
not
have
been
till
it
was
too
late
for
them
to
take
any
precautionary
measures
to
secure
themselves
.
But
yet
by
an
instinct
as
't
were
of
Providence
,
they
stole
from
the
vigilance
of
the
Royal
Fleets
,
and
the
Holland
Fleet
sailed
towards
the
Eems
to
Conduct
them
into
the
Respective
Harbours
of
their
own
Country
,
where
they
arrived
on
the
22d
of
the
same
month
.
The
States
Fleet
would
have
kept
at
Sea
something
longer
,
but
because
the
summer
season
was
almost
past
,
and
that
Tempests
would
soon
begin
to
raign
,
and
that
besides
there
was
no
more
danger
for
that
year
of
any
descent
by
the
Royal
Fleets
,
or
of
any
other
important
attempt
,
they
retired
home
and
entred
into
Port
,
on
the
22d
.
of
September
,
to
be
disarmed
and
laid
up
.
From
that
time
forward
things
begun
a
little
to
change
face
,
and
Holland
was
secured
by
cutting
the
ditches
and
sluces
and
overflowing
all
the
Avenues
to
their
Towns
;
and
Provision
was
made
likewise
for
the
preservation
of
the
passages
of
Gorkum
,
Schonhoven
,
and
Minden
;
For
Naerden
,
was
then
in
the
Power
of
the
French
.
The
march
of
the
Auxiliary
Troops
sent
by
the
Emperour
and
the
Elector
of
Brandenburg
to
the
assistance
of
the
United
Provinces
contributed
also
very
much
to
stop
the
Conquests
of
France
by
the
diversion
they
gave
.
For
the
most
Christian
King
was
forced
to
make
great
detachments
to
form
an
Army
under
the
Command
of
the
famous
Marshal
Turenne
,
to
send
to
oppose
them
.
The
Prince
of
Orange
on
another
side
,
advanced
towards
Charleroy
with
design
to
besiege
it
,
but
the
great
Frosts
and
Ill
Weather
that
hapned
all
on
a
sudden
,
broke
his
measures
,
so
that
after
he
had
taken
and
plundered
Binch
,
that
Prince
retired
.
However
the
Frosts
that
thus
had
crossed
the
designs
of
the
Prince
of
Orange
,
favoured
those
of
the
French
.
For
the
Duke
of
Luxemburg
having
formed
an
Army
out
of
detachments
drawn
out
of
Vtrecht
and
other
Conquered
places
,
prepared
to
make
an
invasion
into
the
heart
of
Holland
,
by
passing
his
Troops
over
the
Ice
.
The
Count
of
Koningsmark
,
who
had
the
guard
of
the
passes
,
not
finding
himself
strong
enough
to
Resist
him
,
deserted
Bodgrave
,
and
retired
to
Leyden
.
Luxemburg
seeing
the
Weather
was
like
to
change
to
a
Thaw
,
made
his
Troops
advance
with
Extraordinary
dispatch
,
and
past
the
Rhine
with
very
little
resistance
by
reason
of
the
consternation
and
disorder
among
them
that
guarded
the
●assages
,
and
marcht
to
Swammerdam
,
with
a
Resolution
to
go
further
if
the
Frost
continued
to
favour
his
designs
.
The
Retrenchments
made
near
Nieuwerburg
,
were
unfortunately
deserted
in
a
most
unseasonable
nick
of
time
;
which
extreamly
favoured
the
retreat
of
the
French
:
For
a
Thaw
hapning
to
follow
,
if
that
post
had
been
preserved
,
the
Duke
of
Luxemburg's
return
had
been
cut
off
;
who
however
,
was
constrained
to
retire
with
more
haste
than
ever
he
made
in
.
'T
is
not
to
be
Exprest
in
what
strange
alarm
and
consternation
all
Holland
then
was
.
Gondsche
Sluis
,
where
Count
Koningsmark
was
posted
with
his
Troops
,
found
there
so
much
resistance
,
that
he
was
forced
to
turn
back
again
,
carrying
desolation
every
where
along
with
him
,
and
miserably
Ravaging
all
the
places
through
which
he
passed
.
It
would
be
a
difficult
task
to
describe
all
the
excessive
cruelties
he
committed
there
;
it
is
enough
to
say
,
that
he
carried
them
to
such
a
height
,
that
no
future
Ages
will
ever
lose
the
Memory
of
his
Barbarities
.
The
Villages
of
Swammerdam
and
Bodgrave
were
burnt
to
Ashes
.
At
the
same
time
,
which
was
the
last
day
of
the
Year
,
the
Troops
of
Groningen
returned
him
his
change
.
For
the
Frost
that
had
put
by
the
Seige
of
Charleroy
having
lockt
up
the
Marish
waters
round
about
the
strong
place
of
Koeverden
,
they
took
advantage
of
that
opportunity
and
seized
that
important
Fortress
.
These
were
the
principal
Events
of
the
Year
1672.
and
this
was
the
deplorable
condition
into
which
the
United
Provinces
were
then
reduced
.
But
God
being
pleased
afterwards
to
espouse
their
Interests
delivered
them
from
the
unsupportable
Yoke
of
Foreign
powers
,
by
such
surprizing
means
,
that
they
recovered
all
their
places
again
in
less
time
than
they
had
lost
them
,
as
will
appear
in
the
sequel
of
this
History
.
At
the
beginning
of
the
Year
1673.
A
detestable
plot
was
discovered
at
Amsterdam
,
to
burn
the
States
men
of
War
.
The
Author
of
it
was
one
Fraser
a
Scotch-man
,
who
as
he
confest
himself
,
was
incited
to
that
bold
and
pernicious
attempt
by
great
promises
of
reward
from
the
Duke
of
York
,
who
was
ever
an
irreconcilable
Enemy
to
the
United
Provinces
.
That
unhappy
Criminal
was
therefore
broke
alive
upon
the
Wheel
,
and
exposed
afterwards
near
Voolewyijk
.
In
order
to
put
themselves
into
a
condition
to
make
the
same
vigorous
resistance
against
the
two
Fleets
of
England
and
France
which
they
did
the
last
year
,
the
States
began
with
incredible
diligence
to
forward
the
preparations
making
to
Arm
out
a
powerfull
Fleet.
And
for
that
effect
,
all
the
Deputies
of
the
Colleges
of
Admiralty
and
the
Commissioners
of
the
Navy
,
had
several
Conferences
with
the
Prince
of
Orange
,
in
which
it
was
concluded
,
that
the
Fleet
should
be
considerably
Augmented
and
Rendred
more
potent
than
it
ever
yet
had
been
.
de
Gent
who
succeeded
Cornelius
Tromp
when
he
was
dismist
from
his
Employment
,
His
Highness
,
in
Quality
of
Stat-holder
,
and
Admiral
General
,
having
a
perfect
knowledge
of
Tromp's
rare
merit
,
and
incomparable
valour
and
Conduct
,
as
well
as
of
the
singular
Zeal
and
Affection
he
had
always
shewn
to
the
Illustrious
House
of
Orange
,
represented
to
him
of
what
importance
it
was
both
to
himself
and
the
State
in
that
pressing
Juncture
,
to
forget
past
things
,
and
prest
him
to
accept
again
of
the
Office
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
of
the
College
of
Amsterdam
,
in
order
to
recontinue
his
Services
to
his
Country
,
in
a
time
of
such
distress
.
The
Prince
stirr'd
so
warmly
in
that
Affair
that
he
found
means
to
reconcile
him
to
de
Ruiter
,
and
thereby
to
prevent
the
disorder
the
inveterate
hatred
of
those
two
Admirals
might
cause
in
the
Fleet.
Accordingly
they
embraced
one
another
in
the
presence
of
His
Highness
,
and
mutually
promised
to
forget
all
that
was
pass'd
,
and
to
live
thenceforward
as
brothers
.
The
Re-establishment
of
Tromp
in
his
former
Post
at
Sea
caused
an
unexpressible
joy
to
all
the
Seamen
in
the
Fleet
,
and
in
General
,
to
all
the
common
people
:
Who
seemed
confident
after
the
Reconciliation
of
those
two
great
Men
,
that
the
United
Provinces
would
be
able
to
Triumph
over
the
Naval
Forces
both
of
England
and
France
,
so
much
weight
they
imagined
to
be
in
the
Conduct
of
that
one
man
to
turn
the
Scale
of
Victory
on
their
side
.
At
that
time
,
the
States
projected
an
attempt
of
very
great
importance
,
which
was
to
dam
up
the
mouth
of
the
Thames
,
by
sinking
in
it
great
many
Ships
extraordinarily
loaden
,
and
so
to
render
it
unpassable
.
And
for
that
end
they
had
prepared
at
Amsterdam
8
ships
fitted
for
that
expedition
,
nay
they
were
already
sent
to
the
Texel
,
as
thinking
the
success
of
that
enterprize
depended
solely
on
the
speed
used
in
it
.
In
the
mean
while
they
laboured
and
wrought
night
and
day
to
man
out
their
Fleet
that
they
might
have
their
full
Complement
early
in
the
spring
.
And
if
that
project
had
succeeded
,
no
doubt
but
England
would
have
felt
a
long
time
its
effect
by
the
interruption
of
its
Commerce
which
would
thereby
have
been
totally
ruined
,
and
that
without
any
Battle
,
or
Effusion
of
Blood
.
On
the
10th
of
May
,
the
Fleet
assembled
at
Schoonevelde
,
and
were
80
sail
strong
,
who
the
next
day
,
without
staying
for
the
Zealand
Squadron
,
or
the
other
ships
that
were
not
yet
come
to
them
,
sailed
out
,
and
made
towards
the
Thames
.
But
a
great
Fog
coming
on
,
and
the
English
having
had
intelligence
of
their
design
,
it
was
impossible
for
them
to
execute
any
thing
,
so
that
they
were
fain
to
tack
about
,
and
return
back
again
to
an
Anchor
at
Schoonevelde
,
the
ships
that
were
wanting
arrived
daily
to
the
Fleet
,
and
in
the
mean
while
they
employed
themselves
in
Regulating
the
division
of
the
Squadrons
,
and
the
orders
they
were
to
observe
.
The
whole
Fleet
was
divided
into
three
Spuadrons
.
Admiral
de
Ruiter's
was
composed
of
19
men
of
War
in
the
line
of
Battle
,
4
Frigats
,
8
Fire-ships
,
4
Advice
Yachts
,
and
3
Galliots
.
The
General
Officers
under
him
,
were
Lieutenant
Admiral
Van
Nes
,
Vice-Admiral
de
Liefde
,
and
Rear-Admiral
Van
Nes.
Lieutenant
Admiral
Bankert
s
Squadron
consisted
of
18
men
of
War
,
5
Frigats
,
8
Fire-ships
,
5
Advice-Yachts
,
and
2
Galliots
;
he
had
under
him
,
Vice-Admiral
Evertsz
,
Vice-Admiral
Saar
,
and
Rear-Admiral
Vlug
.
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp's
Squadron
consisted
of
18
men
of
War
,
5
Frigats
,
9
Fire-ships
,
5
Advice-Yachts
,
and
2
Galliots
;
having
under
him
,
Vice-Admiral
Sweers
,
Vice-Admiral
Schram
,
and
Rear-Admiral
de
Haan
.
After
that
division
,
it
was
ordered
,
that
Lieutenant
Admiral
Van
Nes
should
command
in
chief
Admiral
Tromp's
Squadron
during
his
absence
,
and
that
Vice-Admiral
Evertsz
should
likewise
Command
that
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
Bankert
till
he
should
come
to
the
Fleet
himself
.
The
affairs
of
the
Government
,
and
the
preparations
that
were
to
be
made
by
Land
so
entirely
took
up
the
Princ●s
care
and
time
,
that
it
was
impossible
for
him
to
come
down
to
take
a
review
of
the
Fleet.
And
therefore
he
was
pleased
to
write
the
following
Letter
to
de
Ruiter
to
encourage
the
Captains
▪
and
Seamen
,
and
to
incite
them
all
in
General
,
and
every
one
in
particular
to
acquit
themselves
worthily
of
their
duty
in
their
respective
stations
.
Noble
,
Equitable
,
Valiant
,
Well-Beloved
,
Incomparable
,
WE
could
have
wisht
,
To
which
Letter
de
Ruiter
made
the
following
Answer
.
Most
Serene
Prince
,
AFter
I
had
sent
away
about
noon
,
my
last
writing
to
your
Highness
,
I
received
towards
evening
,
yours
,
wherein
your
Highness
is
pleased
to
exhort
us
to
do
our
duty
for
our
dear
Country
.
I
am
infinitely
obliged
for
it
to
your
Highness
,
and
will
not
forget
to
morrow
without
fail
,
to
inform
the
General
and
Inferiour
Officers
of
the
same
,
that
we
may
all
of
us
together
behave
our selves
in
such
a
manner
,
that
we
may
be
able
to
answer
for
our
Conduct
before
God
,
before
your
Highness
,
and
before
all
Christendom
.
Your
Highness
may
entirely
rely
upon
it
,
as
I
do
in
your
Highnesses
word
,
That
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
shall
agree
and
live
with
me
and
the
other
Members
of
the
Council
of
War
,
in
the
same
confidence
and
union
,
as
we
live
at
present
with
the
rest
.
For
then
I
dare
flatter
my self
with
the
hopes
,
that
all
our
enterprizes
under
the
protection
of
God
,
will
have
a
happy
issue
,
being
with
all
imaginable
respect
,
&c.
The
Prince
answered
de
Ruiter
again
in
the
manner
following
,
Noble
,
Equitable
,
Valiant
,
Well-Beloved
,
Incomparable
,
YOurs
of
the
24th
.
instant
was
delivered
to
us
;
de
Ruiter
.
and
we
were
glad
to
hear
the
things
of
which
it
makes
mention
.
As
to
the
opinion
of
Vice-Admiral
Evertsz
,
which
is
,
that
the
Vice-Admiral
and
Rear
Admiral
of
Zealand
ought
to
preceed
in
rank
,
those
of
the
College
of
the
Admiralty
of
Amsterdam
,
we
think
fit
,
that
without
prejudice
to
the
right
of
any
Person
,
things
be
left
at
present
in
the
same
order
which
has
been
observed
for
some
time
,
according
to
which
you
may
regulate
your self
.
Moreover
,
we
have
very
carefully
recommended
to
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
,
to
receive
your
orders
with
due
respect
and
obedience
,
as
the
said
Lieutenant
Admiral
has
promised
to
do
.
We
are
perswaded
,
he
will
worthily
acquit
himself
of
that
duty
,
and
all
things
will
tend
to
a
good
and
salutary
end
for
the
Service
of
the
State
,
and
the
present
conjuncture
.
I
recommend
you
to
the
protection
of
God
,
&c.
On
the
first
of
June
,
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
invited
Admiral
de
Ruiter
,
and
all
the
rest
of
the
General
Officers
of
the
Fleet
with
him
,
to
dine
on
board
him
.
And
they
made
on
that
occasion
a
thousand
protestations
one
to
the
other
of
a
sincere
and
tender
friendship
.
The
other
Generals
,
and
all
the
Captains
drunk
healths
to
their
Country
,
giving
a
thousand
assurances
of
their
zeal
and
inviolable
adherence
to
its
service
;
and
they
all
swore
,
they
were
ready
to
spend
the
last
drop
of
their
blood
for
its
Interest
.
So
much
good
will
gave
great
hopes
of
an
assured
Victory
and
an
occasion
to
make
proof
of
it
soon
presented
,
since
about
4
a
Clock
in
the
afternoon
,
whilst
they
were
yet
at
Table
,
the
advanced-guards
of
the
Fleet
gave
them
notice
,
they
had
discovered
the
Enemies
Fleet.
And
a
little
while
after
,
their
scouts
appeared
.
But
because
't
was
late
,
the
Dutch
Fleet
tackt
about
to
the
North
West
,
and
begun
to
dispose
all
things
ready
to
come
to
an
Engagement
,
the
next
day
.
The
English
Fleet
had
cast
Anchor
to
the
West-ward
of
the
Dutch
,
and
prepared
likewise
for
fight
,
but
a
Calm
coming
on
,
the
two
Fleets
could
not
come
up
with
one
another
.
The
next
day
there
arose
a
surly
Wind
with
some
Rain
,
which
obliged
both
parties
to
remain
at
Anchor
in
presence
of
one
another
.
On
the
4th
and
5th
the
Wind
rose
higher
still
,
and
became
more
violent
.
But
at
length
on
the
7th
.
which
was
the
day
of
the
monthly
fast
,
and
the
same
day
on
which
the
Dutch
had
attackt
the
Enemies
in
Solbay
the
last
year
,
the
two
Fleets
engaged
.
Admiral
de
Ruiter
held
a
Council
of
War
as
soon
as
it
was
day
,
where
it
was
resolved
to
weigh
their
Anchors
a-peak
to
be
ready
for
fight
.
But
no
sooner
were
the
Officers
that
had
been
at
the
Consult
,
gone
off
from
on
board
the
Admiral
,
but
the
two
Royal
Fleets
made
a
Motion
,
and
having
cast
their
Squadrons
into
the
form
of
a
Crescent
,
made
up
directly
towards
the
Dutch.
The
Forces
of
those
two
Potent
Fleets
were
very
unequal
,
according
to
the
Dutch
reports
.
For
those
of
the
Allies
were
said
to
consist
of
140
sail
,
whereof
90
were
Capital
men
of
War
,
whereas
the
Dutch
pretend
to
have
had
there
but
52
Capital
ships
but
ill
manned
and
furnished
,
12
Frigats
,
14
Advice
Yachts
,
and
25
Fire-ships
,
making
in
all
103
sail
.
There
were
several
ships
that
were
not
yet
come
into
the
Fleet
;
for
of
the
Zealand
Squadron
there
were
hardly
4
;
and
of
Friesland
,
and
Groningen
,
there
were
none
at
all
;
and
of
those
of
Amsterdam
and
Rotterdam
there
were
the
ships
of
Vice-Admiral
Sweers
,
of
the
Commander
de
Meuwen
,
of
Captain
Brakel
,
and
several
others
that
were
not
yet
come
.
Nay
,
they
were
forced
for
want
of
Seamen
,
to
take
the
men
out
of
3
Zealand
Frigats
,
to
man
Lieutenant
Admiral
Bankert's
ship
.
In
the
mean
while
,
the
English
and
French
Fleets
,
having
the
Weather
gage
,
came
nearer
and
nearer
to
the
Hollanders
.
Prince
Robert
who
had
the
Command
in
chief
of
the
two
Royal
Fleets
,
led
the
Vanguard
,
which
was
the
Red
Squadron
.
The
Count
d'
Estree
had
the
Conduct
of
the
main
Battle
,
or
of
the
White
Squadron
;
And
Sir
Edward
Sprag
,
Admiral
of
the
Blue
,
Commanded
the
Rear
.
The
English
being
ill
satisfied
at
the
Conduct
of
the
French
in
the
last
Battle
,
durst
trust
them
no
more
,
but
fearing
they
would
desert
them
again
as
they
did
before
,
thought
fit
to
place
them
under
their
own
Squadrons
;
so
that
Mr.
d'
Assedan
,
the
French
Rear
Admiral
,
was
placed
under
Prince
Robert's
,
Squadron
and
the
Marquess
de
Grancy
under
that
of
Admiral
Spragg
.
As
to
the
Order
of
the
Dutch
Fleet
,
Tromp
led
the
Van
,
de
Ruiter
the
main
Battle
,
and
Bankert
the
Rear
.
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
seeing
the
Enemies
White
Squadron
advancing
towards
him
,
made
a
speech
to
his
Officers
,
and
represented
to
them
,
the
necessity
of
there
duty
,
and
to
fight
like
brave
men
;
that
for
that
effect
,
they
needed
but
to
follow
his
example
:
That
for
his
own
part
he
was
spurred
on
by
no
other
interest
to
give
proofs
of
his
Zeal
to
his
afflicted
Country
,
but
that
of
the
Love
and
Tenderness
he
had
for
it
:
That
he
had
no
other
end
in
coming
to
Sea
,
but
to
labour
to
restore
the
shaking
State
of
its
affairs
,
by
delivering
it
from
those
Disasters
and
Calamities
that
were
ready
to
overwhelm
it
,
and
which
without
a
speedy
and
timely
assistance
,
threatned
it
with
inevitable
ruine
.
That
he
had
much
rather
sacrifice
his
Life
for
it
▪
than
to
Live
to
suffer
its
ancient
Liberty
to
be
oppressed
,
and
the
Dutch
Nation
forced
to
undergo
the
unsupportable
Yoke
of
a
Foreign
and
Tyrannick
power
.
We
have
,
pursued
he
,
a
just
God
,
and
an
Equitable
Cause
,
upon
which
having
an
entire
trust
and
confidence
,
I
doubt
not
of
a
good
and
happy
success
,
if
you
will
but
behave
your selves
like
brave
men
.
Every
one
of
them
at
those
words
,
promised
him
to
do
so
;
and
as
soon
as
prayers
were
done
,
Tromp
turned
to
the
Seamen
of
his
ship
,
and
cried
to
them
,
Children
,
the
Enemy
is
near
us
,
let
every
one
of
you
now
give
proofs
of
his
bravery
,
and
satisfy
the
Engagements
that
brought
us
hither
on
board
;
And
if
you
do
it
I
'll
assure
you
,
that
I
will
recompense
you
,
and
that
all
shall
go
well
.
After
that
discourse
,
the
Seamen
testified
an
unexpressible
joy
,
throwing
their
Caps
up
into
the
Air
,
and
crying
out
!
Long
live
Tromp
?
with
promise
to
spend
to
the
last
drop
of
their
blood
for
the
Service
of
their
Country
.
About
2
a
Clock
in
the
afternoon
,
the
Battle
begun
.
The
White
Squadron
engaged
with
that
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
.
It
is
not
to
be
exprest
with
what
valour
and
undaunted
Courage
they
fought
;
and
notwithstanding
the
inequality
of
their
Forces
,
thanks
,
under
God
,
to
the
Cowardice
,
or
rather
perfidiousness
of
the
French
to
the
English
,
the
advantage
after
having
a
long
time
wavered
,
was
at
last
forced
to
declare
in
favour
of
the
Hollanders
,
and
was
by
them
stiled
a
Victory
.
Tho'
at
the
same
time
it
be
certain
,
that
if
the
French
had
managed
the
War
then
only
by
Land
,
and
left
the
English
to
their
own
sole
but
whole
strength
to
attack
the
Dutch
by
Sea
,
they
would
have
been
so
far
from
pretending
to
Victory
,
that
they
would
have
inevitably
been
destroyed
;
such
disadvantage
is
there
sometimes
in
a
confederate
Force
,
tho'
seemingly
greater
than
an
Enemies
,
when
the
Allies
act
not
in
full
Concert
,
Union
and
Fidelity
one
with
another
.
The
most
part
of
the
Circumstances
of
that
Battle
,
as
reported
by
the
Dutch
,
are
related
in
the
Letters
written
on
that
Subject
to
his
Highness
the
Prince
of
Orange
,
and
to
the
States
General
,
by
the
two
Admirals
,
de
Ruiter
and
Tromp
which
we
have
here
inserted
.
High
and
Mightinesses
,
WE
engaged
Yesterday
about
two
in
the
afternoon
,
in
a
Battle
which
lasted
till
night
.
the
Golden
Lion
,
was
so
roughly
handled
,
that
we
were
forced
to
remove
to
the
ship
,
called
the
Prince
on
Horseback
,
whose
Captain
Van
Bergen
was
killed
.
I
put
up
my
Flag
there
,
and
then
returned
to
the
fight
.
We
fought
on
board
that
ship
,
till
about
7
a
Clock
when
our
Main
Mast
being
shot
over
board
into
the
Sea
,
we
were
forced
to
change
ship
again
,
and
to
go
on
board
the
Amsterdam
,
Commanded
by
Captain
Vander
Zaan
.
We
engaged
again
afresh
in
the
fight
,
till
dark
night
parted
us
.
The
Enemies
ships
that
were
the
forwardest
next
the
place
where
we
were
,
had
already
begun
to
flie
with
all
the
sail
they
could
.
We
are
at
present
on
board
the
ship
Comet
,
Commanded
by
Captain
Middeland
,
and
we
hope
,
that
Almighty
God
,
to
whose
protection
we
Commit
your
High
and
Mightinesses
,
will
grant
a
Compleat
Victory
to
our
dear
Country
,
&c.
Most
Serene
Prince
,
Van
Bergen
and
Bakker
;
Captain
Nassaw
,
is
dangerously
wounded
.
The
Fire-ships
of
both
Fleets
were
able
to
do
but
little
execution
,
and
yet
a
great
many
of
them
were
either
burnt
,
or
sunk
.
We
have
named
Rear-Admiral
de
Haan
to
the
Vice-Admiralship
vacant
by
the
death
of
Schram
,
under
the
Flagg
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
,
and
the
Commander
Meuwen
to
the
Rear-Admiral's
place
,
who
came
to
the
fleet
Yersterday
in
the
time
of
the
fight
.
He
reported
to
us
,
that
he
had
taken
a
Yacht
coming
from
London
,
laden
with
refreshments
,
and
some
Rich
suits
of
Cloaths
for
the
Count
d'
Estree
.
There
is
likewise
come
to
us
another
frigat
from
Friesland
,
carrying
30
Guns
,
and
150
men
.
That
there
might
arise
no
confusion
by
removing
the
flag
,
I
have
ordered
Rear
Admiral
Vlug
to
put
it
up
in
his
ship
till
further
order
.
The
Captain
of
a
French
fire-ship
whom
we
saved
,
Reports
to
us
,
that
the
English
fleet
consisted
of
60
men
of
War
,
and
30
fire-ships
,
and
that
the
French
Squadron
was
composed
of
30
men
of
War
,
the
least
of
which
carried
50
Guns
,
and
of
10
or
12
fire-ships
,
and
and
that
reckoning
in
the
Advice-Yachts
,
the
Confederate
fleets
were
composed
of
140
sail
;
That
Prince
Robert
Commanded
in
chief
;
that
the
Count
de
Estree
,
had
the
Conduct
of
the
White
Squadron
,
and
Sir
Edward
Spragg
that
of
the
Blue
;
and
that
the
two
fleets
,
English
and
French
were
mingled
together
.
The
Enemies
are
at
present
to
the
North-West
and
a
quarter
West-ward
,
at
about
two
miles
distance
from
us
,
busy
in
repairing
their
damages
.
Here
follows
Tromp's
Letter
to
the
States
.
High
and
Mighty
Lords
,
de
Ruiter
and
I
were
resolved
to
attack
the
Enemies
again
.
But
since
God
permitted
us
not
to
do
that
,
we
are
now
labouring
with
speed
to
repair
our
damaged
Ships
.
I
am
returned
again
on
board
the
Golden
Lion
which
wants
nothing
but
her
main
yard
.
I
have
writ
into
Zealand
to
have
another
speedily
sent
me
.
We
have
found
on
board
the
said
Ship
about
100
men
killed
or
wounded
;
whose
places
we
will
endeavour
to
supply
again
out
of
other
Ships
.
Rear-Admiral
de
Haan
is
likewise
returned
on
board
his
Ship
,
which
is
now
also
in
a
good
condition
,
he
is
named
by
way
of
Provision
,
to
fill
up
the
place
vacant
by
the
death
of
Vice
Admiral
Schram
,
in
our
Squadron
;
and
the
Commander
de
Meuwen
,
is
to
supply
that
of
Rear
Admiral
de
Haan
,
&c.
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
gave
likewise
in
this
Battle
,
as
he
had
done
in
all
the
precedent
ones
in
which
he
was
present
,
most
signal
proofs
of
his
undaunted
Courage
.
The
very
Number
of
ships
he
was
forced
to
change
,
is
enough
to
serve
for
his
Elogium
in
that
behalf
;
for
before
the
fight
was
over
,
he
had
already
changed
his
ships
three
or
four
times
,
which
were
all
so
extreamly
shattered
that
they
were
quite
disabled
.
Rear
Admiral
de
Haan
behaved
himself
likewise
very
gallantly
,
having
been
forced
to
shift
his
ship
three
times
.
De
Ruiter
,
and
Tromp
in
that
rencounter
gave
one
another
most
noble
and
generous
proofs
of
tenderness
and
affection
.
By
the
assistance
de
Ruiter
gave
to
Tromp
,
he
was
delivered
from
the
Eminent
Peril
under
which
he
was
ready
to
sink
;
for
being
engaged
in
the
midst
of
two
Squadrons
of
the
Enemies
,
he
endured
a
most
Terrible
encounter
without
any
hopes
of
ever
being
able
to
go
through
it
.
Tromp
being
sensible
of
his
danger
begun
to
despair
of
escaping
it
,
unless
de
Ruiter
would
come
speedily
to
his
assistance
,
and
he
was
already
in
an
extream
impatience
to
see
him
,
and
comforted
up
his
discouraged
Seamen
with
the
hopes
of
seeing
themselves
soon
delivered
by
that
Great
man
.
And
as
soon
as
Tromp
saw
de
Ruiter
appear
,
his
joy
was
extream
,
so
that
he
cried
out
!
Courage
,
my
lads
,
see
there
's
the
best
of
our
friends
that
is
advancing
and
coming
to
our
assistance
,
and
I
likewise
will
never
desert
him
neither
so
long
as
I
live
.
De
Ruiter
accompanied
with
Lieutenant
Admiral
Bankert
and
his
Squadron
,
broke
then
through
the
Enemies
Squadrons
,
and
delivered
him
with
as
much
zeal
as
fidelity
,
which
promised
hopefully
that
the
Reconciliation
of
those
two
great
men
,
would
for
the
future
continue
firm
and
inviolable
.
On
the
12
of
June
,
the
fleet
was
sufficiently
repaired
,
and
in
a
condition
to
attack
the
Enemies
again
;
when
de
Ruiter
presently
called
a
Council
of
War
,
in
which
it
was
Resolved
,
that
since
there
was
no
further
Reinforcement
to
be
expected
from
the
Country
,
and
that
on
the
contrary
,
the
English
were
to
receive
one
,
with
the
first
Westerly
Wind
,
it
was
better
to
prevent
them
,
by
attacking
them
first
,
unless
they
received
Orders
to
the
contrary
from
the
States
;
That
all
things
should
be
got
ready
for
that
effect
against
the
14th
.
to
endeavour
by
the
protection
of
God
,
to
chase
them
off
the
Sea
.
Accordingly
they
Ordered
the
whole
fleet
to
be
divided
into
three
Squadrons
.
The
first
was
composed
of
17
men
of
War
,
2
frigats
,
8
fire-ships
,
and
5
Advice-Yachts
,
under
the
Command
of
Admiral
de
Ruiter
,
Lieutenant
Admiral
Van
Nes
,
Vice-Admiral
de
Liefde
,
and
Rear
Admiral
Van
Nes
;
the
second
was
also
composed
of
17
men
of
War
,
2
frigats
,
8
fire-ships
,
and
6
Advice
Yachts
,
under
the
Conduct
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
Bankert
,
Vice
Admiral
Evertsz
,
and
Rear-Admiral
Dik
.
Lastly
the
third
was
Commanded
by
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
,
Vice
Admiral
Sweers
,
and
Rear
Admiral
de
Haan
,
and
consisted
likewise
of
17
men
of
War
,
3
Frigats
,
8
Fire-ships
,
and
5
Advice
Yachts
.
The
same
day
the
resolution
was
taken
to
attack
the
Enemies
,
the
Deputies
of
the
States
,
Mr.
Boetsclaar
and
Mr.
Reigersbergen
came
on
board
Admiral
de
Ruiter
,
and
being
informed
of
the
design
that
was
projected
,
they
approved
it
.
Therefore
the
Signal
was
given
to
the
whole
Fleet
,
to
set
sail
,
and
advance
towards
the
Royal
Fleets
,
whose
Forces
that
before
the
first
Fight
,
consisted
of
140
Sail
,
were
then
reduced
,
as
was
reported
among
the
Dutch
,
to
118
,
by
the
Losses
they
had
suffered
.
The
Dutch
Fleet
then
weighed
Anchor
between
11
a
Clock
at
Noon
;
and
the
English
and
French
Fleet
seeing
them
approach
,
got
themselves
likewise
under
Sail
,
and
made
shew
as
if
they
would
have
stood
them
,
and
been
glad
to
engage
them
;
but
as
soon
as
the
Dutch
begun
to
come
near
them
,
and
play
their
Guns
at
them
,
the
Enemies
tackt
away
to
the
North-west-ward
,
and
stood
for
the
Coast
of
England
,
with
all
the
Sail
they
could
.
The
Dutch
Fleet
followed
them
close
,
but
could
not
oblige
them
to
make
a
stand
,
till
about
4
in
the
Afternoon
.
At
that
Time
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
,
who
commanded
the
Van-guard
,
engaged
with
the
Blue
Squadron
,
commanded
by
Sir
Edward
Spragg
;
de
Ruiter
,
on
his
side
attacked
the
Main
Battle
,
or
Red
Squadron
,
commanded
by
Prince
Robert
;
and
about
5
a
Clock
the
two
Chiefs
of
the
Hostile
Fleets
were
engaged
in
a
very
fierce
Fight
.
A
little
while
after
,
Lieutenant
Admiral
Bankert
,
who
commanded
the
Rear
,
fell
likewise
upon
the
White
Squadron
,
under
the
Command
of
the
Count
d'
Estree
.
The
Fleets
fought
a
great
while
,
and
the
Fight
was
very
obstinate
;
but
as
the
Royal
Fleets
had
signified
at
the
very
first
,
that
they
had
no
mind
to
engage
,
they
left
off
Fighting
,
and
dextrously
made
use
of
the
Advantage
of
the
Wind
,
which
they
had
,
to
retire
towards
the
English
Coasts
.
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
was
the
first
and
the
last
in
the
Fight
,
and
the
Bravery
with
which
he
attacked
Admiral
Spragg
,
who
likewise
did
Wonders
,
can
never
be
sufficiently
admired
.
Among
other
remarkable
things
that
happened
in
that
last
Engagement
,
Vice-Admiral
Sweers
,
that
commanded
a
part
of
Tromp's
Squadron
,
being
in
the
Ship
called
the
Elephant
,
a
much
better
Sailer
than
the
Golden
Lion
,
in
which
Tromp
was
,
going
before
him
,
went
away
so
swiftly
that
the
rest
of
the
Ships
of
his
Squadron
could
not
follow
him
,
by
which
means
he
found
himself
on
a
sudden
engaged
with
Spragg
,
and
the
Vice-Admiral
of
the
English
Blue
Squadron
,
without
any
Ships
near
him
to
back
him
,
but
only
3
Frigats
commanded
by
de
Jong
,
Hartwich
,
and
de
Noirot
;
for
the
other
Captains
of
his
Squadron
,
instead
of
following
him
,
as
they
were
obliged
to
do
,
veered
back
again
towards
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
;
Sweers
seeing
himself
so
unexpectedly
deserted
,
made
all
the
Resistance
he
could
,
but
after
he
had
born
a
very
fierce
Shock
,
he
was
so
terribly
shattered
by
the
Ships
of
the
Blue
Squadron
,
that
he
was
at
last
forced
to
quit
the
Line
of
Battle
,
and
make
off
further
to
Sea
,
to
repair
his
Damages
,
which
Conduct
of
his
was
interpreted
by
Tromp
to
be
a
piece
of
Cowardice
,
tho'
the
Truth
was
,
't
was
pure
Necessity
that
obliged
Sweers
to
act
in
that
manner
.
Admiral
de
Ruiter
had
engaged
,
as
we
have
said
,
with
Prince
Robert's
Squadron
,
and
their
two
Ships
having
grappled
one
another
fought
both
very
desperately
.
Bankert
likewise
signalized
himself
,
and
fought
with
great
Valour
against
the
White
Squadron
,
which
was
very
severely
handled
by
him
.
Prince
Robert
was
forced
in
that
Fight
to
remove
out
of
the
Royal
Charles
,
that
was
disabled
,
into
the
Old
Soveraign
,
and
then
making
the
best
of
his
way
towards
England
,
the
two
Royal
Fleets
followed
him
in
Disorder
.
In
the
mean
while
,
the
Dutch
Fleet
finding
they
had
the
Advantage
,
past
that
Night
in
the
Place
where
the
Battle
was
fought
,
with
a
Resolution
to
advance
the
next
Day
and
present
a
third
Battle
,
to
the
two
Royal
Fleets
,
in
case
they
would
accept
it
;
but
when
Day
was
come
,
they
could
see
neither
English
nor
French
appear
,
but
heard
they
were
retired
into
the
Thames
:
Which
was
a
surprizing
thing
to
the
Dutch
,
to
find
that
two
such
powerful
Fleets
as
were
the
English
and
French
,
and
so
much
superior
to
them
in
Force
,
should
so
shamefully
fly
from
them
.
But
the
Cause
of
it
was
imputed
to
the
treacherous
Conduct
of
the
French
,
and
the
Animosities
of
Prince
Robert
against
them
on
that
account
,
and
the
Hatred
he
and
most
of
the
English
then
in
general
bore
to
that
leaguing
with
a
Popish
and
Dangerous
Power
against
a
Protestant
State
,
and
other
Jealousies
then
reigning
,
concerning
the
pernicious
intrigues
then
carrying
on
between
the
already
perverted
Duke
of
York
and
the
French
,
against
the
English
Religion
and
Constitution
,
which
made
the
Officers
and
Seamen
,
very
cold
in
prosecuting
the
then
Quarrel
against
the
Dutch
in
comparison
of
what
they
had
been
in
the
former
Wars
.
However
it
was
,
when
the
Dutch
saw
the
Enemies
were
retreated
home
,
they
retired
likewise
,
and
went
and
anchored
at
Schooneveld
,
from
whence
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
writ
the
following
Letter
to
the
States
.
High
and
Mighty
Lords
,
YEsterday
at
11
a
Clock
,
Blue
Squadron
,
which
begun
about
4
a
Clock
in
the
Afternoon
.
The
Shock
was
fierce
and
obstinate
,
and
was
not
discontinued
but
by
the
approach
of
the
Night
.
A
little
while
after
I
had
begun
the
Attack
,
Lieutenant
Admiral
General
de
Ruiter
and
Lieutenant
Admiral
Bankert
engaged
likewise
,
and
fought
vigorously
.
We
chaced
the
Enemy
as
far
as
within
5
Miles
of
Solbay
.
Night
being
come
on
,
we
tackt
about
,
and
steered
towards
Schooneveld
,
which
is
the
Place
of
our
General
Rendezvous
.
It
is
not
to
be
expressed
how
much
Courage
and
Affection
the
whole
Fleet
testifies
.
We
saw
one
great
English
Ship
burnt
and
several
more
are
extremely
endamaged
.
As
to
what
passed
in
other
Squadrons
,
your
High
and
Mightinesses
will
doubtless
be
soon
informed
of
it
,
to
which
we
referr
our selves
.
I
do
not
see
we
have
lost
any
one
Ship
.
We
pray
God
Almighty
to
be
pleased
more
and
more
to
bless
the
Glorious
Government
of
your
High
and
Mightinesses
,
&c.
This
second
Battle
cost
the
Enemies
,
according
to
their
own
Report
,
about
3000
Men
that
were
killed
or
wounded
.
Two
Days
after
that
great
Action
,
the
Deputies
of
the
States
coming
on
Board
,
a
Council
of
War
was
called
,
in
order
to
take
new
Resolutions
about
what
it
were
best
to
undertake
,
that
might
be
useful
and
advantageous
to
the
State
:
Where
the
Conduct
of
Vice-Admiral
Sweers
in
the
last
Battle
was
brought
in
Question
,
which
caused
great
Disputes
between
Tromp
and
Sweers
,
and
they
were
pusht
on
with
so
great
a
Transport
of
Heat
and
Animosity
by
Tromp
,
that
it
was
to
be
feared
,
they
would
have
been
attended
with
very
ill
Consequences
.
To
that
,
Vice-Admiral
Sweers
answered
in
his
Justification
,
That
the
Damages
his
Ship
had
suffered
,
as
well
as
the
great
number
of
Men
he
had
killed
and
wounded
on
Board
him
,
sufficed
to
clear
him
from
the
Injustice
and
cruel
Outrage
done
to
his
Reputation
,
since
by
that
it
might
easily
be
seen
he
was
hotly
engaged
with
the
Enemies
at
the
Beginning
of
the
Fight
;
but
that
at
last
his
Main-topmost
being
shot
down
,
he
was
forced
,
much
against
his
Will
,
to
retire
,
in
order
to
repair
his
Damages
;
That
in
such
an
occasion
it
was
impossible
for
him
to
change
his
Ship
,
because
that
of
Captain
Jong
was
as
much
disabled
as
his
own
,
and
that
besides
the
Frigats
that
seconded
him
were
too
small
to
put
his
Flag
up
in
;
And
that
he
made
Oath
before
God
,
that
he
was
not
guilty
of
the
Crime
imputed
to
him
,
but
that
he
had
performed
as
well
as
any
Man
in
the
Fleet.
And
the
Quarrel
between
these
two
Generals
grew
so
hot
,
that
they
would
have
proceeded
from
Words
to
Blows
,
had
it
not
been
for
the
Respect
they
were
obliged
to
have
for
the
Deputies
of
the
States
,
who
were
there
present
,
and
who
,
to
prevent
the
mischievous
Consequences
that
might
follow
from
those
Differences
,
ordered
Cornelius
Evertsz
,
Van
Nes
,
and
John
Dik
,
accompanied
with
Van
Wouw
,
the
Fiscal
of
the
Fleet
,
to
go
on
Board
Vice-Admiral
Sweers
Ship
,
to
examine
the
Damages
he
had
suffered
,
and
to
report
them
to
the
Council
of
War
.
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
fortified
his
Accusation
with
14
Depositions
which
were
receiv'd
,
and
which
all
amounted
only
to
this
,
viz.
That
they
had
seen
Vice-Admiral
Sweers
to
the
Windward
,
a
great
way
off
from
the
rest
,
and
knew
not
the
Reason
of
it
.
Vice-Admiral
Sweers
replied
to
all
that
,
in
the
first
Place
,
by
a
List
of
the
Losses
and
Damages
his
Ship
had
suffered
,
authorized
by
the
Attestation
of
the
Commissioners
appointed
to
examine
them
,
who
loudly
declared
,
That
if
the
Ship
had
been
their
own
,
they
must
have
been
constrained
to
act
in
the
same
manner
as
Sweers
had
done
.
In
the
second
place
he
produced
a
list
of
his
killed
and
wounded
men
,
which
were
to
the
Number
of
32
of
the
latter
,
and
11
of
the
former
,
which
was
attested
by
the
Chirurgeons
of
his
ship
.
The
Prince
of
Orange
taking
that
affair
to
heart
,
sent
word
to
the
Council
of
War
,
that
he
desired
them
,
to
put
it
off
till
some
further
time
,
that
he
might
himself
be
fully
informed
of
the
whole
truth
of
it
.
Tromp
and
Sweers
professed
themselves
well
satisfied
with
it
,
and
promised
to
conform
to
his
Highnesses
orders
,
and
that
was
the
end
of
the
dispute
between
those
two
Generals
.
On
the
19th
of
the
month
upon
advice
,
that
the
Royal
fleets
were
retired
into
the
Thames
Rear
Admiral
de
Haan
was
detacht
away
with
a
Squadron
of
12
men
of
War
,
2
fire-ships
,
and
4
Advice
Yachts
,
with
order
to
observe
them
.
And
he
reported
at
his
return
,
that
he
had
heard
from
a
pilot
of
Lubeck
that
came
from
London
on
the
16th
,
that
the
two
Hostile
fleets
were
riding
near
Sheerness
to
the
Number
of
about
70
men
of
War
,
and
that
they
were
to
go
up
the
River
as
far
as
Tilbury
Hope
,
to
take
on
board
30000
men
of
Regular
Troops
in
order
to
attempt
a
descent
upon
the
Coasts
of
Zealand
,
and
that
there
were
already
20
ships
ready
.
On
the
27th
.
the
two
fleets
of
England
and
France
put
to
Sea
again
,
being
150
sail
strong
,
viz.
80
English
and
28
French
men
of
War
.
The
Dutch
fleet
on
the
other
side
,
were
but
100
sail
in
all
,
including
the
Reinforcements
they
had
lately
received
;
but
however
,
in
that
dangerous
Juncture
,
they
resolved
notwithstanding
the
inequality
of
their
Forces
to
go
and
meet
the
Enemies
,
and
give
them
Battle
.
And
on
th●
1st
.
of
August
,
they
met
them
,
but
the
Enemi●s
who
intended
nothing
less
than
an
Engagement
endeavoured
to
avoid
a
fight
.
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
whose
Squadron
had
the
Van
,
fired
several
Guns
at
them
to
invite
them
to
an
Engagement
,
and
presented
them
Battle
,
but
that
was
not
their
design
.
The
Hollanders
observing
the
Enemies
behaviour
,
presumed
it
to
be
a
Stratagem
they
played
to
make
shew
as
if
they
fled
,
only
to
draw
the
Dutch
away
from
the
Coasts
of
Zealand
,
that
they
might
have
opportunity
afterwards
to
execute
their
great
design
,
which
was
a
descent
.
And
in
effect
,
they
were
not
deceived
;
for
the
next
day
towards
evening
,
the
Royal
Fleets
appeared
before
the
Meuse
,
and
a
day
after
,
before
Scheveling
.
At
that
motion
of
theirs
,
all
Holland
was
in
an
alarm
for
fear
the
Enemies
should
enter
into
the
heart
of
the
Country
to
waste
and
destroy
it
,
and
therefore
in
order
to
oppose
them
,
all
the
Companies
of
the
Burghers
of
the
Hague
,
and
of
Delft
and
all
the
peasants
of
the
villages
round
about
were
Commanded
to
march
with
all
haste
towards
the
Coasts
.
Cannon
was
likewise
sent
down
thither
to
furnish
sufficient
batteries
of
defence
.
About
11
a
Clock
before
noon
,
6
or
7
light
Frigats
approacht
so
near
the
Coasts
by
favour
of
the
Tide
,
that
the
Dutch
on
shore
begun
to
play
their
Cannon
at
them
,
which
the
English
answered
with
the
like
,
but
without
doing
much
mischief
.
After
that
the
Enemies
made
off
again
into
the
main
Sea
,
and
shew'd
themselves
the
same
day
in
the
afternoon
,
near
Zandvoort
and
de
Wikopzee
,
about
three
miles
from
the
shore
,
and
sending
up
2
Frigats
near
to
this
last
place
,
they
battered
it
for
some
time
with
their
Guns
.
The
next
day
they
appeared
likewise
before
Egmond
and
Petten
,
and
lastly
before
Helder
,
and
the
Texel
.
The
Prince
of
Orange
hearing
at
the
Army
which
was
encampt
at
Ramsdonk
that
the
Enemies
Fleets
hovered
about
the
Coasts
of
Holland
,
came
with
all
hast
to
the
Hague
where
he
arrived
on
the
4th
.
of
the
month
very
early
in
the
morning
.
He
had
ordered
his
Regiment
of
Guards
and
some
Horse
,
to
follow
him
in
order
to
relieve
the
Burghers
that
had
guarded
the
Coasts
of
Scheveling
under
the
Conduct
of
the
Duke
of
Holstein
.
The
Prince
of
Waldee
,
likewise
came
to
the
Brill
at
the
same
time
,
to
give
the
necessary
orders
there
;
and
General
Wirtz
was
sent
to
Walcheren
to
look
after
the
preservation
of
that
post
.
The
Prince
of
Orange
after
he
had
been
at
several
conferences
held
concerning
the
affairs
of
the
Land
Army
,
went
down
to
the
Fleet
to
give
likewise
his
orders
there
;
and
he
no
sooner
entred
on
board
Admiral
de
Ruiter
,
but
they
saluted
him
with
13
Guns
in
acknowledgment
of
the
honour
of
his
presence
,
after
which
he
assisted
at
the
Council
of
War
,
where
it
was
resolved
Battle
should
be
given
the
Enemies
as
soon
as
it
was
possible
,
in
hopes
thereby
to
force
them
at
least
to
quit
the
Coasts
and
Harbours
of
the
United
Provinces
.
Those
Resolutions
being
taken
his
Highness
represented
to
every
one
their
duty
and
what
great
necessity
there
was
in
so
pressing
an
occasion
,
to
fight
courageously
for
the
Honour
and
Interest
of
their
Country
:
That
done
,
he
left
the
Fleet
,
with
the
acclamations
of
the
Seamen
who
cried
out
Long
live
the
Prince
,
and
returned
back
towards
the
Hague
.
The
Dutch
Fleet
without
any
further
delay
,
weighed
Anchor
the
very
next
day
,
and
steered
away
directly
towards
the
Texel
,
where
the
Royal
Fleets
were
;
but
by
reason
of
contrary
winds
they
could
not
get
up
with
the
Enemies
Fleet
till
the
20th
.
de
Ruiter
Commanded
the
main
Battle
,
and
Bankert
,
the
Rear
.
About
half
an
hour
after
7
,
the
Royal
Fleets
made
a
motion
,
to
attack
the
Hollanders
.
De
Ruiter
upon
that
presently
gave
a
signal
,
and
made
his
Squadrons
make
another
motion
to
preserve
the
advantage
of
the
Weather-gage
,
and
to
prevent
the
Enemies
attack
by
attacking
them
first
.
By
that
motion
,
Bankert's
Squadron
that
had
the
Rear
before
came
to
have
the
Van
;
de
Ru●ter's
Squadron
was
still
in
the
main
Battle
,
and
Tromp's
in
the
Rear
.
About
half
an
hour
after
8
,
Bankert
fell
upon
the
Count
d'
Estree's
Squadron
,
which
had
the
Van
of
the
Royal
Fleets
,
de
Ruiter
attack'd
Prince
Robert's
Squadron
,
and
Tromp
the
Blue
one
Commanded
by
Sir
Edward
Spragg
.
Then
the
fight
was
general
,
d'
Estree
,
tho'
he
made
a
shew
of
fighting
bravely
for
a
time
,
had
secret
orders
from
his
Master
to
act
in
that
manner
,
so
that
about
11
a
Clock
they
very
fairly
made
a
tack
about
to
the
East-ward
,
and
stood
off
to
the
Wind-ward
,
where
they
remained
malicious
spectators
of
the
rest
of
the
fight
.
Admiral
de
Ruiter
being
engaged
with
Prince
Robert
,
those
two
Admiral
's
and
their
Squadrons
fought
most
desperately
.
Lieutenant
Admiral
Bankert
seeing
the
French
were
gone
off
,
thought
not
fit
to
pursue
them
any
longer
,
for
fear
of
being
drawn
away
too
far
off
from
the
main
of
the
Dutch
Fleet
,
but
veered
back
towards
the
main
Battle
,
and
went
to
the
assistance
of
Admiral
de
Ruiter
.
Prince
Robert
seeing
the
main
force
of
the
Hollanders
falling
upon
him
,
and
that
the
French
had
left
him
in
the
Lurch
,
and
would
not
come
in
to
his
assistance
to
enable
him
to
dispute
the
victory
,
and
being
almost
overwhelmed
,
he
and
his
,
by
the
furious
firing
of
two
entire
Dutch
Squadrons
,
thought
it
time
to
provide
for
his
and
their
safety
,
by
a
prudent
retreat
,
and
so
steered
away
to
the
West-ward
with
all
the
sail
he
could
make
,
and
quitted
the
fight
,
leaving
the
advantage
and
claim
of
Victory
to
the
Hollanders
,
and
was
pursued
by
de
Ruiter
,
Van
Nes
and
Bankert
,
till
two
a
Clock
in
the
afternoon
.
In
the
mean
while
the
English
Blue
Squadron
,
and
that
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
,
having
made
a
tack
to
the
North
in
fighting
,
were
already
gotten
to
such
a
distance
from
the
main
of
their
Fleets
,
that
they
were
out
of
sight
.
Admiral
de
Ruiter
fearing
Tromp
might
be
in
danger
thought
fit
to
go
and
seek
him
out
,
in
order
to
assist
him
.
And
accordingly
he
advanced
with
his
own
and
Bankert's
Squadron
that
way
.
Prince
Robert
observing
the
motion
made
by
de
Ruiter
,
begun
to
be
in
as
much
fear
for
Spragg
as
de
Ruiter
was
in
for
Tromp
;
And
therefore
without
any
further
hesitation
,
he
ordered
his
Squadron
to
make
the
same
motion
as
his
Enemy
that
he
might
follow
him
;
the
Count
de
Estree
with
his
Squadron
followed
him
;
but
yet
neither
of
them
thought
good
to
come
near
the
Hollanders
any
more
,
for
fear
of
being
obliged
to
come
to
a
fresh
engagement
with
them
,
and
therefore
they
prudently
kept
at
a
distance
out
of
the
reach
of
Cannon-shot
.
Vice-Admiral
Sweers
who
Commanded
a
part
of
Tromp's
Squadron
,
was
engaged
with
the
foremost
Ships
of
the
Blue
Squadron
,
Commanded
by
Vice
Admiral
Kempthorn
and
Rear
Admiral
the
Earl
of
Ossory
.
Sweers
attackt
Kempthorn
so
vigorously
that
he
was
forced
at
last
to
give
way
,
which
put
to
the
rout
most
of
the
Ships
of
the
Blue
Squadron
who
were
pursued
by
the
Hollanders
;
But
the
two
chiefs
of
the
contending
Squadrons
continued
fighting
for
7
hours
together
with
so
much
obstinacy
,
that
the
Cannon
and
small
shot
played
perpetually
without
any
intermission
from
both
the
two
Admirals
upon
one
another
.
There
hapned
a
thing
extreamly
surprizing
,
and
almost
incredible
to
Tromp
in
that
Battle
,
that
shews
the
great
happiness
that
attended
him
in
all
the
fights
he
was
present
in
;
which
is
that
the
Combat
had
already
lasted
6
hours
before
he
had
so
much
as
one
man
killed
or
wounded
,
Edward
Spragg
was
at
last
so
severely
handled
by
Tromp
that
he
had
400
men
killed
,
and
300
wounded
according
to
the
Earl
of
Ossory's
report
afterwards
to
Tromp
of
that
Action
;
so
that
seeing
himself
re●uced
to
so
pitifull
a
condition
,
he
quitted
the
fight
,
and
about
noon
betook
himself
to
flight
.
Tromp
did
all
he
could
to
stop
him
,
and
with
Cannon-balls
beat
down
all
his
sails
and
his
Mizzen
Mast
as
he
was
pursuing
him
.
Spragg
being
thus
disabled
,
15
or
16
ships
of
his
Squadron
,
advanced
and
fell
upon
the
Golden
Lion
in
which
Tromp
was
,
to
revenge
their
friend's
Quarrel
,
and
setting
some
fire-ships
at
her
,
had
like
to
have
burnt
her
,
but
Tromp
repulsed
them
so
dextrously
that
they
could
do
him
no
harm
.
The
Enemies
seeing
their
Fire-Ships
take
no
effect
,
environed
him
round
;
and
st●ed
at
him
on
all
sides
with
continual
broadsides
from
all
their
guns
that
in
a
little
time
his
Ship
was
quite
disabled
;
she
was
so
grievously
battered
and
pierced
through
and
through
with
shot
.
Tromp
then
was
forc●d
to
quit
his
Ship
,
th●
Golden
Lion
,
and
went
on
board
the
Comet
,
and
kept
himself
always
close
to
the
Royal
Prince
,
to
have
a
watchfull
eye
upon
Spragg
who
after
he
had
likewise
changed
his
Ship
was
r●turned
again
to
the
fight
.
He
was
remov'd
into
the
St.
George
,
and
did
his
utmost
,
to
defend
the
Prince
Royal
that
was
in
danger
of
being
taken
or
burnt
by
Tromp
;
●empthorn
veered
back
likewise
with
a
part
of
the
Blue
Squadron
towards
Spragg
,
and
so
by
that
succour
and
the
motion
they
ma●e
,
the
Royal
Prince
was
secured
.
In
the
mean
while
,
the
St.
George
was
so
roughly
handled
that
Sprag
was
likewise
forced
to
quit
her
,
as
being
altogether
disabled
.
Accordingly
for
that
effect
,
he
leapt
into
a
Boat
to
go
on
board
the
Royal
Charles
;
but
soon
after
a
Cannon
Ball
was
Levell
d
so
unluckily
at
the
Boat
that
she
was
ready
to
sink
;
St.
George
;
but
it
was
too
late
;
for
the
Boat
sunk
in
an
instant
.
The
English
running
to
his
assistance
,
found
him
dead
,
having
his
head
and
shoulders
above
water
,
and
his
hands
and
arms
so
strongly
grasping
the
side
of
the
boat
,
that
they
had
much
ado
to
get
them
loose
.
Such
was
the
end
of
one
of
the
most
valiant
Admirals
England
ever
had
.
It
is
reported
,
that
when
he
took
his
leave
of
the
K.
of
England
,
he
promised
him
to
bring
him
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
alive
or
dead
,
or
else
to
lose
his
own
Life
in
the
attempt
,
which
last
accordingly
came
to
pass
.
The
English
Blue
Squadron
and
that
of
Tromp
were
engaged
in
a
bloody
and
obstinate
fight
,
and
if
Prince
Robert
had
not
come
in
speedily
to
the
assistance
of
the
Blue
Squadron
,
it
had
been
totally
defeated
,
which
the
Prince
well
foreseeing
advanced
with
all
imaginable
haste
,
and
joyned
the
the
Blue
Squadron
about
four
a
Clock
in
the
afternoon
,
and
de
Ruiter
and
Bankert's
Squadron
had
done
the
same
thing
with
Tromp's
.
And
Spragg's
Ship
having
lost
her
Main
Masts
was
towed
away
out
of
the
fight
by
a
Frigat
.
After
de
Ruiter
,
Van
Nes
,
and
Bankert
had
joyned
with
Tromp
,
they
all
fell
afresh
upon
the
Enemies
,
who
had
the
Weather-gage
,
which
gave
occasion
to
another
fierce
and
bloody
fight
,
whilst
the
Count
d'
Estree
with
his
Squadron
keeping
all
the
time
to
the
wind-ward
,
contented
himself
after
his
former
manner
to
be
only
a
Spectatour
of
the
Fray
,
without
troubling
himself
at
all
to
assist
the
over-matched
English
,
who
seeing
themselves
so
basely
deserted
,
and
attackt
at
the
same
time
by
the
whole
Force
of
Holland
,
were
after
a
most
valiant
and
vigorous
resistance
,
forced
at
last
to
give
way
,
and
about
7
in
the
Evening
,
they
begun
to
retreat
,
and
were
pursued
by
the
Hollanders
till
the
beginning
of
the
Night
,
who
forced
them
a
second
time
to
Quit
the
Sea
.
The
Dutch
lost
in
that
fight
,
de
Liefde
,
and
Sweers
,
and
the
very
same
Evening
,
the
Rear-Admirals
,
Van
Nes
and
de
Haan
were
named
provisionally
to
supply
their
places
.
They
lost
likewise
the
Captains
,
Van
Gueldre
,
Sweerius
,
Visscher
,
and
Jobsz
Kiela
,
but
that
which
is
most
remarkable
,
is
,
that
so
great
an
Action
as
that
,
cost
the
Hollanders
only
4
or
5
Fire-Ships
,
without
the
loss
of
so
much
as
one
Man
of
War
.
The
Dutch
Fleet
being
thus
Victorious
,
kept
out
still
at
Sea
,
excepting
only
the
Ships
of
Tromp
,
Rear-Admiral
de
Haan
,
and
of
the
Captains
,
Brakel
,
and
de
Jong
,
which
were
sent
into
Port
to
be
repair'd
.
As
to
the
Number
of
their
Men
killed
and
wounded
,
in
the
whole
Squadron
of
Amsterdam
,
there
were
reported
to
be
but
71
of
the
first
and
120
of
the
last
,
and
in
the
other
Squadrons
proportionably
.
As
for
the
Loss
on
the
English
side
,
High
and
Mighty
Lords
,
Robert
,
Bankert
attackt
the
Count
d'
Estree
,
and
Tromp
Sir
Edward
Spragg
.
We
broke
reciprocally
one
through
the
other
,
having
sometimes
the
Weather-gage
,
and
sometimes
losing
it
.
The
Allies
Fleet
made
at
first
a
great
effort
with
28
Fireships
,
which
they
had
,
whereof
8
or
10
were
destroyed
in
part
by
our
Boats
,
who
forced
them
to
set
Fire
to
them
themselves
,
and
then
to
quit
them
;
We
likewise
lost
4
or
5
of
ours
.
A
Captain
of
an
English
Fireship
that
was
taken
Prisoner
,
reported
to
us
,
That
the
Enemies
5
or
6
Days
ago
took
one
of
our
Ships
,
homewards
bound
from
the
East-Indies
,
which
came
away
before
the
rest
.
The
Fight
lasted
till
the
beginning
of
the
Night
,
and
ended
not
but
with
the
Retreat
of
the
Royal
Fleets
,
who
steered
away
towards
the
English
Coast
in
a
very
shattered
Condition
.
Admiral
Spragg's
Ship
was
towed
away
by
some
Frigats
,
having
lost
all
her
Masts
.
One
of
their
biggest
Men
of
War
is
sunk
,
and
we
have
lost
none
at
all
.
As
for
the
Officers
of
our
Fleet
,
we
have
lost
the
two
Vice-Admirals
,
de
Liefde
and
Sweers
,
and
the
Captains
,
Van
Guelder
,
my
Son-in-Law
,
and
Sweerius
,
besides
several
others
wounded
.
Secretary
Andringa
is
in
the
Number
of
these
last
.
We
hope
to
inform
your
High
and
Mightinesses
more
particularly
of
the
Circumstances
of
this
great
action
;
and
we
thank
God
,
that
he
has
left
us
the
Masters
of
the
Sea
;
which
will
favour
the
coming
in
of
those
Ships
into
our
Harbours
that
are
expected
home
,
&c.
Admiral
Tromp's
Letter
to
the
States
.
High
and
Mighty
Lords
,
THO'
the
Royal
Fleets
of
England
and
France
had
on
the
20th
instant
the
Weather-gage
,
yet
the
Wind
next
Morning
chopping
about
to
the
East-south-east
,
we
found
our selves
to
the
Wind-ward
,
and
they
to
the
Lee-ward
.
Our
Fleet
was
about
a
Mile
from
the
Country
of
Petren
.
We
tackt
about
to
the
North
,
and
the
Enemies
to
the
South
;
about
8
a
Clock
we
likewise
made
the
same
Motion
to
follow
them
.
The
Fleet
of
the
Allies
was
150
Sail
strong
,
great
and
small
.
Lieutenant
Admiral
Bankert
having
the
Van
,
attackt
the
White
Squadron
.
Admiral
de
Ruiter
attackt
Prince
Robert
,
who
commanded
the
Main
Battle
,
and
we
attackt
the
Rear
,
or
the
Blue
Squadron
,
commanded
by
Sir
Edward
Spragg
.
Our
Ships
,
that
were
the
foremost
advanced
towards
the
South-East
,
begun
to
play
their
Guns
,
and
so
insensibly
the
main
Fleet
engaged
.
Being
come
up
directly
to
Admiral
Spragg
,
we
cannonaded
him
so
terribly
,
that
his
Main
and
Mizzen
Masts
were
both
shot
down
,
and
then
we
were
disposing
our selves
either
to
Board
him
or
Burn
him
;
but
the
Ships
of
his
Squadron
that
backt
him
,
running
in
to
his
Aid
,
made
so
great
a
Resistance
that
our
Ship
was
reduced
into
a
pitiful
Condition
,
and
was
so
disabled
that
I
was
forced
to
quit
her
,
to
remove
into
the
Comet
,
where
I
put
up
my
Flag
about
2
a
Clock
in
the
Afternoon
.
In
the
mean
while
the
Enemies
having
made
themselves
Masters
of
the
Weather-gage
,
our
Men
were
so
far
from
letting
them
keep
any
Advantage
from
thence
,
that
they
attackt
them
with
so
much
the
more
Bravery
and
Courage
,
and
reduced
them
into
such
a
Condition
,
that
their
Squadron
was
almost
ruined
by
it
.
We
beat
them
till
7
a
Clock
in
the
Afternoon
,
when
we
forced
them
to
quit
the
Sea
.
I
hope
to
go
to
Day
on
Board
the
Elephant
,
vacant
by
the
Death
of
Vice-Admiral
Sweers
.
I
do
not
know
,
that
this
Fight
has
cost
us
the
Loss
of
so
much
as
one
Ship
.
As
for
what
passed
in
the
Squadrons
of
Admiral
de
Ruiter
,
and
Lieutenant
Admiral
Bankert
,
I
am
perswaded
,
that
the
Letters
of
those
two
Admirals
have
fully
informed
your
High
and
Mightinesses
,
&c.
The
Bodies
of
Vice-Admiral
Sweers
,
and
of
the
Captains
,
Van
Guelder
,
and
Sweerius
were
carried
to
Amsterdam
to
be
buried
there
;
but
that
of
Vice-Admiral
de
Liefde
was
sent
to
Rotterdam
.
Those
great
Men
were
accordingly
interred
with
all
the
Honours
due
to
their
high
Merit
;
and
their
Country
for
which
they
lost
their
Lives
,
omitted
nothing
that
might
contribute
to
the
immortalizing
their
worthy
Memory
,
erecting
to
them
most
stately
Tombs
,
whereon
are
engraven
suitable
Epitaphs
,
to
publish
their
Heroick
Actions
to
Posterity
,
which
are
to
be
seen
in
the
above-mentioned
Cities
.
After
that
happy
Advantage
,
which
in
that
Juncture
was
more
worth
than
a
much
greater
Victory
,
the
Dutch
Fleet
continued
at
Sea
till
the
22d
of
September
,
and
then
because
there
was
no
Appearance
of
any
thing
considerable
likely
to
pass
between
them
and
the
Royal
Fleets
,
during
the
remainder
of
that
Year
the
States
sent
them
Orders
to
retire
home
.
And
accordingly
on
the
28
of
the
same
Month
,
AFter
a
due
Deliberation
,
it
has
been
thought
sit
,
in
pursuance
of
the
Resolution
taken
by
their
High
and
Mightinesses
on
the
28th
instant
,
de
Ruiter
,
a
Letter
of
Constitution
of
6000
Livers
annual
Rent
;
to
the
Lieutenant
Admirals
Van
Nes
and
Tromp
4000
Livers
each
;
to
the
Widows
and
Heirs
of
the
Vice-Admirals
de
Liefde
,
Sweers
and
Schram
an
Annual
Allowance
of
2000
Livers
each
;
to
the
Rear
Admirals
,
John
van
Nes
and
de
Haan
1000
Livers
each
as
likewise
to
the
Widow
and
Heirs
of
Rear
Admiral
Vlug
,
a
like
Letter
of
Constitution
of
100
Livers
Annual
Pension
.
These
three
successive
Advantages
the
Dutch
Fleet
had
gotten
over
the
English
and
French
,
quite
ruined
all
the
Conquests
the
French
King
had
made
by
Land
,
with
as
much
Rapidity
as
Success
;
for
thereby
the
Coasts
and
Havens
of
the
Vnited
Provinces
being
freed
from
the
Oppression
of
two
powerful
Fleets
,
that
kept
them
as
it
were
besieged
,
the
Dutch
had
thereby
time
to
take
Breath
,
and
to
draw
from
thence
the
Troops
that
were
posted
there
,
and
to
employ
them
elsewhere
.
For
the
Prince
of
Orange
seeing
Fortune
begun
to
declare
her self
for
his
Arms
,
marched
the
States
Army
,
that
was
reinforced
by
some
Spanish
Troops
,
towards
Naerden
,
in
order
to
besiege
it
;
and
after
the
Reduction
of
that
Place
,
he
joyned
the
Emperors
Army
under
the
Command
of
Count
Montecuculi
,
and
formed
the
Siege
of
Bonne
,
that
was
taken
on
the
14th
of
November
.
Which
happy
Successes
,
and
the
Arrival
of
the
Imperialist
,
absolutely
broke
the
Measures
of
France
and
its
Allies
,
and
forced
them
all
at
a
spurt
to
quit
the
Conquests
they
had
made
with
so
much
Rapidity
,
by
disabling
them
to
preserve
them
,
without
leaving
themselves
without
Troops
sufficient
to
oppose
to
the
Prince
of
Orange
and
Imperialists
in
the
Field
,
which
it
was
much
more
dangerous
for
them
,
to
let
their
Enemies
be
Masters
of
,
than
it
was
prejudicial
to
quit
their
late
Conquests
,
and
the
Pride
they
took
in
having
gotten
them
.
Therefore
on
the
7th
of
October
they
quitted
Woorden
,
on
the
14th
of
November
Bommel
,
and
on
the
23d
of
the
same
Month
Vtrecht
,
and
in
general
all
the
Conquests
they
had
made
in
the
Provinces
of
Vtrecht
,
Guelders
and
Over-Yssel
:
But
before
their
Retreat
,
they
extorted
immense
Sums
from
the
Inhabitants
,
and
committed
all
the
Depredations
Cruelty
and
Despair
could
incite
them
to
.
So
many
fortunate
Successes
happening
in
so
short
a
time
,
not
only
freed
the
Vnited
Provinces
from
the
Disasters
they
were
like
to
sink
under
,
but
put
them
into
a
condition
to
take
some
Revenge
for
them
.
For
that
effect
,
the
States
,
redoubling
their
Care
and
Diligence
,
begun
to
think
of
Manning
and
Arming
out
a
powerful
Fleet
;
Vnited
Provinces
,
employed
the
Marquess
de
Fresno
,
their
Embassadour
in
the
Court
of
England
,
to
endeavour
a
separate
Peace
between
the
King
of
Great
Britain
and
the
States
.
de
Fresno
,
to
treat
on
that
Subject
with
that
Crown
,
who
managed
it
so
dextrously
,
that
on
the
19th
of
February
,
1674.
a
Peace
was
effectually
concluded
at
Westminster
between
the
States
and
the
King
of
England
,
to
the
Exclusion
of
France
,
and
its
Allies
.
That
Peace
caused
an
unexpressible
Joy
to
the
Vnited
Provinces
,
and
raised
hopeful
Expectations
in
all
their
People
;
and
as
the
Union
of
England
with
France
,
formed
together
,
had
they
acted
unanimously
,
so
formidable
a
Sea-power
,
that
it
seemed
at
first
to
the
Hollanders
,
to
have
been
invincible
,
tho'
the
Event
,
and
ill
cemented
Correspondence
of
those
two
Nations
shewed
the
contrary
,
so
now
the
Vnited
Provinces
had
reason
to
flatter
themselves
with
the
Hopes
,
that
they
should
be
able
with
much
more
ease
to
reduce
France
to
Reason
,
being
alone
,
after
they
had
divid●d
England
from
it
,
which
was
the
more
powerful
of
the
two
at
Sea
,
than
they
could
expect
before
.
Which
Atchievement
was
as
terrible
a
Stroke
to
France
,
as
it
was
a
Glorious
and
Advantageous
Omen
to
the
Vnited
Provinces
.
That
troublesome
Thorn
being
pluck'd
out
of
their
Foot
,
the
States
reflecting
upon
the
immense
Charges
they
had
been
forced
to
be
at
for
equipping
out
a
Fleet
,
numerous
enough
to
encounter
two
such
formidable
Sea-powers
as
they
had
had
before
upon
them
,
thought
they
might
now
well
enough
retrench
some
of
them
,
now
they
had
none
but
Fran●●
to
deal
with
.
And
therefore
they
ordered
,
that
th●
Fleet
for
the
Year
1674
should
be
composed
only
of
66
Men
of
War
,
18
Fireships
,
12
Great
Galliots
,
and
as
many
smaller
ones
,
and
24
Flutes
,
&c.
making
in
all
150
Sail
,
and
that
9000
Regular
Troops
should
be
embarked
thereon
,
and
that
they
should
carry
with
them
6
Months
Provision
;
that
a
part
of
that
Fleet
,
under
the
Command
of
de
Ruiter
,
should
sail
towards
the
Caribbe
Islands
belonging
to
the
French
,
to
destroy
them
,
whilst
the
other
part
,
under
the
Conduct
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
should
advance
towards
the
French
Coasts
,
in
order
to
make
some
Descent
and
Diversion
there
.
And
the
General
Rendezvous
of
that
Fleet
was
appointed
to
be
at
Wielingen
.
A
Relation
of
the
Principal
Adventures
that
happened
at
Sea
in
the
Year
1674.
taken
out
of
the
Original
Memoirs
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
.
THE
Fleet
of
the
Vnited
Provinces
weighed
Anchor
on
the
24th
of
May
,
and
on
the
26th
arrived
before
Dunkirk
,
from
whence
they
departed
on
the
27th
towards
Dover
,
where
the
Marquess
de
Fresno
,
the
King
of
Spain's
Embassadour
at
the
Court
of
England
,
came
on
Board
the
Admiral
,
to
see
it
.
They
afterwards
kept
cruising
along
the
Channel
,
and
about
Torbay
,
till
the
7th
of
June
;
and
during
all
that
time
kept
the
Coasts
of
France
in
a
continual
Alarm
.
Lieutenant
Admiral
de
Ruiter
,
in
pursuance
of
the
States
Orders
,
separated
from
Lieutenant
Admiral
Tromp
on
the
8th
,
with
a
Squadron
of
Men
of
War
and
some
Troops
,
and
sailed
away
for
the
West-Indies
:
And
then
the
rest
of
the
Fleet
under
Tromp
unmoored
from
Torbay
,
and
arrived
the
same
Evening
near
the
Goutstart
.
On
the
19th
and
20th
they
discovered
the
Isle
of
Vshant
.
At
the
approach
of
the
Fleet
,
the
French
fired
their
Beacons
all-a-long
the
Coast
,
and
the
Arrierbann
of
Britainy
were
most
of
them
posted
in
and
about
Brest
,
which
they
had
taken
great
Care
to
fortifie
:
And
they
had
placed
a
great
many
Ships
at
the
Mouth
of
the
Harbour
,
upon
which
they
had
placed
Cannon
,
and
erected
Batteries
.
The
French
being
so
strong
upon
their
Guard
on
that
side
,
the
Generals
of
the
Dutch
Fleet
,
found
it
impossible
to
execute
their
Projects
there
,
and
unanimously
resolved
to
move
towards
Belle-Isle
,
and
there
to
wait
for
such
of
their
Ships
as
were
straggled
from
the
Body
of
their
Fleet
,
and
then
to
sail
all
together
towards
the
Mouth
of
the
Loire
.
According
to
that
Project
,
the
Fleet
unmoor'd
,
and
on
the
22d
a
small
English
Vessel
,
that
was
sent
out
a
scouting
,
returned
to
the
Fleet
,
and
brought
with
her
a
French
,
Sounder
of
S.
Lazar.
On
the
23d
the
Fleet
went
and
anchored
on
the
East
of
Belle-Isle
.
As
soon
as
the
Duke
de
Chaulnes
,
Governour
of
Britainy
,
had
heard
of
the
Arrival
of
the
Hollanders
,
he
hastily
drew
together
4000
Peasants
,
which
the
next
Day
were
reinforced
with
4000
more
,
and
400
Gentlemen
on
Horseback
,
who
came
from
Landernau
,
Guanove
,
and
S.
Renans
:
and
besides
that
,
he
dispatched
a
Courier
to
the
Marquess
of
Coetlogon
,
with
orders
to
throw
himself
into
Belle-Isle
,
which
he
accordingly
did
with
600
Foot
,
and
80
Gentlemen
.
On
the
24th
the
Dutch
Fleet
anchored
on
the
East-side
of
the
Castle
,
in
13
Fathom
Water
.
There
came
likewise
to
the
Fleet
a
small
English
Ship
,
which
reported
,
There
were
8000
Men
in
Arms
in
the
Island
,
which
was
also
confirmed
by
the
French
Sounder
that
was
taken
.
But
it
being
found
afterwards
that
their
Number
in
reality
was
but
3000
,
the
Dutch
resolved
upon
a
Descent
.
But
first
the
Count
de
Horn
sent
a
Trumpeter
with
a
Summons
to
the
Governour
of
the
Isle
;
who
returned
in
the
Afternoon
with
this
Answer
,
That
both
he
the
said
Governour
,
and
all
the
Inhabitants
,
were
resolved
to
defend
themselves
to
the
last
Extremity
,
in
case
the
Island
were
attacked
.
de
Horn
,
took
a
Boat
,
and
went
and
viewed
in
what
Places
it
would
be
most
proper
to
make
a
Descent
;
and
when
they
came
back
to
the
Fleet
,
they
ordered
the
Land-Troops
to
be
in
Readiness
for
the
next
Day
,
with
a
Design
to
make
then
an
Attempt
,
in
case
the
Wind
proved
favourable
:
And
accordingly
,
on
the
27th
,
at
Break
of
Day
,
the
Signal
was
given
for
it
,
upon
which
all
the
Galliots
,
being
filled
with
Soldiers
,
approached
the
Shore
,
in
order
to
make
a
Descent
,
by
Favour
of
the
Fire
made
by
the
Guns
of
their
Men
of
War
.
The
Dutch
,
being
landed
,
found
much
less
Resistance
than
they
expected
,
tho'
the
French
had
made
double
Retrenchments
,
and
posted
in
them
numerous
Guards
;
and
that
besides
there
was
a
Hill
in
the
way
very
steep
and
difficult
of
Ascent
.
As
soon
as
the
Troops
were
landed
,
they
drew
up
in
order
of
Battle
,
and
advanced
towards
the
Castle
,
and
when
they
came
within
Musket-shot
of
it
,
because
it
was
now
Evening
,
they
made
a
Halt
.
In
the
mean
while
,
a
Detachment
that
had
been
sent
ascouting
out
of
the
Castle
,
no
sooner
heard
of
the
Approach
of
the
Dutch
,
but
they
turned
back
in
all
haste
,
and
retired
again
into
the
Fortress
.
On
the
other
side
,
a
part
of
the
Fleet
approaching
as
near
as
could
be
to
the
Castle
,
fired
furiously
at
it
,
which
the
French
did
their
best
to
answer
in
the
like
kind
.
On
the
28th
the
Dutch
went
and
encampt
at
Soison
,
where
they
seized
on
all
the
Cattle
of
the
Country
,
and
sent
them
to
the
Fleet
:
The
same
Day
the
Admirals
Bankert
and
Van
Nes
were
commanded
to
move
to
the
Westward
of
the
Castle
,
where
it
was
lowest
.
On
the
29th
a
Bark
belonging
to
the
Castle
came
out
to
the
Fleet
with
a
White
Flag
,
and
brought
a
Letter
from
de
Lorgerie
,
to
the
Dutch
Generals
,
to
let
them
know
that
he
wanted
Refreshments
,
and
that
if
they
would
give
him
leave
for
two
or
three
Fishing
Vessels
they
should
catch
Fish
for
him
and
them
too
;
but
Admiral
Tromp
would
by
no
means
grant
his
Request
.
On
the
30th
Tromp
sent
another
Trumpeter
to
the
Castle
,
To
desire
the
Release
of
some
Dutch
Prisoners
,
in
consideration
that
the
Count
de
Horn
had
already
released
a
great
Number
of
theirs
,
both
Men
,
Women
and
Children
.
Upon
which
Demand
,
the
Governour
sent
back
17
Soldiers
and
Seamen
,
and
one
Drummer
,
who
venturing
to
straggle
too
far
from
the
Army
were
taken
by
the
French
;
and
because
in
so
doing
they
had
transgressed
their
Orders
,
two
of
them
at
their
Return
were
hanged
for
an
Example
.
The
Dutch
,
after
having
staid
two
Days
upon
the
Island
,
resolved
at
length
to
reimbark
again
,
without
attempting
any
thing
more
upon
the
Castle
,
because
they
thought
it
would
cost
too
much
Time
formally
to
besiege
it
.
They
carried
off
with
them
only
three
Pieces
of
Cannon
from
the
Island
to
the
Fleet.
On
the
2d
of
July
they
unmoored
,
and
on
the
3d
came
to
an
Anchor
in
the
Bay
of
Bourgneuf
,
right
against
Narmourtiers
,
and
employed
the
rest
of
the
Day
in
making
the
necessary
Preparations
in
order
to
a
Descent
the
next
Morning
.
In
the
mean
while
,
Admiral
Tromp
took
Boat
and
went
and
viewed
where
it
might
be
most
proper
to
attempt
it
.
The
Enemies
had
made
several
Retrenchments
upon
the
Shore
,
and
had
placed
there
their
Musqueteers
.
On
the
4th
the
Signal
was
given
for
Landing
,
and
thereupon
all
the
Troops
getting
into
Boats
for
that
purpose
,
approached
the
Shore
,
to
which
they
were
forced
to
climb
up
over
Rocks
,
or
wade
through
the
Water
as
high
as
their
middles
.
The
French
at
the
first
Approach
of
the
Dutch
,
fired
something
briskly
upon
them
,
but
as
soon
as
they
saw
them
advance
,
and
march
towards
them
with
an
undaunted
Resolution
,
they
deserted
their
Retrenchments
,
and
retired
a
great
way
up
into
the
Country
.
They
likewise
quitted
the
Castle
of
the
Island
,
so
that
the
Hollanders
were
all
landed
about
7
in
the
Evening
,
and
put
up
the
Prince's
Colours
upon
the
Castle
,
and
upon
the
Mills
.
They
found
17
Pieces
of
Cannon
planted
along
the
Shore
,
which
were
sent
to
the
Fleet
,
and
12
Ships
that
had
been
forced
to
run
aground
.
The
Dutch
,
in
landing
,
had
but
135
M●n
killed
and
wounded
,
Officers
and
all
.
The
Prisoners
reported
,
there
were
5000
Men
ready
to
pass
into
the
Island
from
the
firm
Land
,
and
that
500
of
them
were
already
arrived
.
Upon
those
Advices
,
the
Count
de
Horn
hastned
the
March
of
his
Troops
,
with
a
Resolution
to
oppose
their
Passage
,
leaving
Captain
Brakel
with
3
Companies
of
Seamen
and
60
Musqueteers
in
the
Castle
,
and
Captain
Hardenbrock
,
with
Admiral
Tromp's
Company
of
Seamen
in
the
Abbey
,
to
guard
those
Posts
.
The
Army
being
arrived
towards
Evening
to
the
Place
by
which
the
French
were
to
pass
,
found
they
were
all
retired
back
into
the
firm
Land
,
where
there
appeared
a
Body
of
the
Enemies
Horse
and
Foot
.
But
the
Army
wanting
Water
,
they
were
obliged
to
remove
,
and
encamp
an
Hours
March
back
from
thence
,
leaving
Mr.
Zomersdyk
with
400
men
to
secure
that
Post
.
On
the
5th
of
July
2
Brigantines
built
Galley-wise
,
and
well
armed
,
that
were
sent
from
Rochelle
,
arrived
at
the
Island
,
and
not
knowing
the
Dutch
had
made
a
Descent
there
,
without
any
Fear
,
approached
the
Shore
.
Mr.
de
Zomersdyk
at
the
Sight
of
them
,
posting
himself
with
60
Musketeers
behind
a
Rising
Ground
,
made
a
Shew
with
his
Men
as
if
they
had
been
French
,
the
better
to
amuse
and
decoy
them
;
whilst
,
on
the
other
side
,
the
Dutch
fell
upon
them
so
suddenly
,
that
they
were
forced
to
yield
.
That
Island
contains
about
1000
Houses
,
and
is
not
above
250
Paces
distant
from
the
main
Land
,
so
that
the
French
on
the
one
side
,
and
the
Hollanders
on
the
other
could
mutually
cannonade
one
another
.
For
when
the
Tide
is
low
,
the
space
between
Bouin
and
Beauvoir
,
which
is
in
the
main
Land
of
Poitou
,
is
so
very
dry
,
that
as
many
Men
as
please
may
pass
in
a
Rank
from
either
of
the
Places
to
the
other
,
which
may
be
done
two
Hours
after
the
going
out
of
the
Tide
.
The
French
,
to
intimidate
the
Dutch
,
gave
out
a
Report
,
That
their
King
had
sent
Orders
to
all
the
Horse
and
Foot
that
were
on
the
other
Side
,
to
pass
over
to
oppose
their
Depredations
,
and
force
them
to
quit
that
Post
;
but
for
all
their
Bravado's
their
Countenance
well
shewed
,
they
were
more
apprehensive
of
the
Hollanders
,
than
the
Hollanders
were
of
all
their
false
Alarms
,
since
they
removed
all
the
Straw
and
Boiling
Vessels
that
belonged
to
their
Salt-pits
,
to
Bouin
and
Beauvoir
,
for
Security
.
In
the
mean
while
Admiral
Tromp
commanded
all
his
Ships
to
return
again
to
their
Flag
;
on
the
7th
he
approached
the
Shore
with
his
whole
Fleet
,
and
recommended
to
his
General
Officers
strictly
to
forbid
their
Seamen
,
under
Pain
of
Death
not
to
amuse
themselves
with
plundring
ashore
either
Cattle
,
or
any
thing
else
.
On
the
8th
of
the
same
Month
,
2
Frigats
and
8
Fireships
came
back
to
the
Fleet
,
and
reported
,
they
had
been
at
S.
Martha's
Island
,
where
they
had
seen
stranded
a
French
Frigat
of
40
Guns
,
which
afterwards
by
some
Fire
accidentally
falling
into
her
Powder-room
,
was
blown
up
.
The
same
Day
a
Frigat
with
9
other
Vessels
,
were
detached
away
towards
S.
Andrews
,
to
take
in
Water
for
the
whole
Fleet.
Two
Brigantines
and
2
Yachts
were
likewise
sent
to
cruise
about
Brest
,
to
destroy
the
French
Fisher-ships
,
and
to
take
them
,
if
possible
.
On
the
9th
2
Frigats
,
2
Fireships
,
and
2
Galliots
more
,
were
sent
away
towards
the
Island
of
S.
Martha
,
and
the
Mouth
of
the
River
of
Bourdeaux
.
On
the
10th
the
Captains
,
Dekker
and
Megang
came
back
to
the
Fleet
,
and
reported
,
That
they
had
presented
themselves
before
the
Island
Heys
,
but
durst
not
attempt
a
Descent
for
want
of
Men
enough
to
execute
it
:
That
,
according
to
the
Report
of
an
English
Ship
come
from
S.
Martha's
,
the
Appearance
of
the
Dutch
Fleet
had
put
all
the
Islanders
into
a
great
Consternation
;
that
they
had
sent
over
into
that
Island
10000
Men
,
but
the
most
of
them
Peasants
,
gathered
up
in
haste
,
and
some
Pieces
of
Cannon
.
On
the
11th
,
5
Days
Provision
for
the
Subsistance
of
the
Army
was
sent
on
Shore
.
On
the
14th
the
Frigats
that
had
been
cruising
on
the
Coasts
of
Britany
,
came
back
to
the
Fleet
,
with
a
French
Ship
,
that
6
Weeks
before
was
in
company
with
22
Merchant
Ships
,
under
the
Convoy
of
some
French
Men
of
War
,
who
had
conducted
them
from
Marseilles
to
the
Straits
Mouth
.
She
carried
10
Guns
,
and
30
Men
;
17
of
the
other
Merchant-Ships
saved
themselves
by
running
in
close
to
Shore
upon
the
Approach
of
the
Hollande●s
.
The
Dutch
Brigantines
were
ordered
thereupon
,
to
return
to
the
Coasts
of
Britany
,
to
endeavour
to
take
those
Ships
.
On
the
20th
some
Ships
that
had
been
detacht
to
cruise
before
the
Mouth
of
Bourdeaux
River
came
in
likewise
,
and
reported
,
That
they
had
been
informed
by
24
Sial
of
English
and
Hamburgers
,
That
the
French
King's
Ships
were
retired
to
Rochfort
,
where
they
were
secured
by
5
Barriers
;
and
that
2
Fireships
were
preparing
at
Rochelle
.
The
same
Evening
3
Days
Provision
more
was
sent
to
the
Land-Army
.
On
the
22d
the
Brigantines
returned
to
the
Fleet
,
and
reported
,
they
had
destroyed
3
of
the
Enemies
Barks
,
and
that
4
or
5
small
Ships
laden
with
Ammunition
,
were
near
Boulin
:
Upon
which
,
Captain
Hidder
was
forthwith
dispatched
away
with
some
Brigantines
,
to
destroy
them
.
The
Prisoners
reported
,
That
the
Duke
de
Chaulnes
was
encamped
with
400
Gentlemen
of
the
Arrierban
,
between
Crouil
and
Lazare
,
at
about
6
Hours
or
Leagues
from
Narmoutier
;
That
the
Duke
de
Retz
with
1200
other
Gentlemen
,
and
5000
Inhabitants
,
was
between
Bourgneuf
,
and
Machou
,
about
a
League
from
Narmoutier
.
The
Duke
of
Vionville
had
his
Post
at
Boulin
and
Beauvoir
,
and
commanded
a
Body
of
2000
Gentlemen
of
the
Arrierban
and
8000
Inhabitants
.
The
Duke
de
Gadagne
commanded
at
Rochelle
,
at
Oleron
,
and
at
the
Isle
of
Rhe
,
where
the
French
had
their
main
Forces
.
For
,
according
to
the
common
Report
of
the
Prisoners
,
and
of
the
Men
belonging
to
some
English
and
Hamburg
Vessels
,
there
were
in
the
Isle
of
Rhe
alone
10000
Foot
and
1000
Horse
;
and
that
the
Foot-Regiments
of
Gadagne
,
Neuville
,
Louvigny
,
a
Marine
Battalion
,
and
several
other
detached
Companies
,
and
the
Horse
Regiments
of
Courcelle
and
Bellegarde
were
arrived
there
6
Weeks
before
.
In
Oleron
there
were
likewise
a
great
many
Horse
and
Foot
,
and
3
Weeks
before
,
there
was
also
arrived
a
Marine
Battalion
to
meet
Tromp
.
The
Spanish
Governour
of
S.
Sebastian
writ
to
the
Count
de
Horn
,
that
after
he
had
carefully
informed
himself
of
the
Number
of
Forces
the
Enemies
had
about
Rochelle
,
Bourdeaux
and
Bayonne
,
he
had
found
,
they
amounted
at
least
to
8000
Foot
and
6000
Horse
,
and
the
Marshals
de
Grammont
,
and
d'
Obret
,
and
the
Counts
de
la
Scre
,
and
de
Louvigny
had
the
guarding
of
the
Coast
between
Bourdeaux
and
Bayonne
.
The
French
Prisoners
,
taken
by
the
Dutch
,
assured
them
likewise
,
That
the
Misery
to
which
the
People
of
those
Coasts
were
reduced
,
was
inexpressible
;
for
that
their
Houses
were
plundered
,
and
their
Lands
ravaged
every
whit
as
cruelly
by
the
French
Horse
,
as
if
they
had
had
an
Enemies
Army
in
the
Heart
of
their
Country
.
After
the
Reimbarkment
of
their
Troops
,
the
Dutch
Generals
thought
fit
,
because
their
Fleet
begun
to
want
Fresh
Water
,
and
that
the
Ships
they
had
sent
to
S.
Andrews
on
that
Errand
,
were
not
yet
come
back
,
to
send
out
2
Men
of
War
and
5
Galliots
more
to
fetch
them
some
,
with
Orders
to
them
to
sell
off
the
Prizes
they
had
taken
from
the
French
.
Don
Nicholas
de
Corduba
,
General
of
the
Spanish
Gallies
.
And
there
it
was
they
heard
the
News
of
the
Victory
,
as
it
was
called
,
which
the
Prince
of
Orange
had
then
newly
obtained
at
Seneffe
over
the
great
Prince
of
Conde
.
On
the
29th
Don
Diego
de
Cavalliero
came
also
on
Board
,
to
complement
Admiral
Tromp
,
and
the
Count
de
Horn.
He
was
received
with
all
the
Civilities
due
to
his
Rank
;
and
they
drank
together
the
Healths
of
the
King
of
Spain
,
of
the
States
General
,
and
of
his
Highness
the
Prince
of
Orange
;
after
which
he
returned
to
the
Town
.
On
the
31st
Admiral
Tromp
,
and
all
the
General
Officers
of
the
Fleet
,
were
received
at
Cadiz
with
all
imaginable
Honours
:
For
the
Governour
came
on
Foot
,
followed
by
his
Coach
,
and
conducted
him
to
his
Palace
,
where
he
was
treated
with
much
Magnificence
;
which
was
further
exprest
by
the
Discharge
of
all
the
Cannon
;
after
which
,
he
went
to
the
Dutch
Consuls
,
where
he
was
likewise
received
with
great
Honour
,
and
returned
the
same
Evening
on
Board
the
Admiral-Ship
.
On
the
11th
of
the
Month
of
August
,
the
Count
de
Ho
n
,
don
Bernardo
de
Salinas
and
Mr.
de
Sommersdyk
,
went
to
Madrid
,
where
they
were
received
by
the
Queen
of
Spain
with
great
Marks
of
Friendship
.
The
Subject
of
their
Journey
was
to
confer
with
the
chief
Ministers
of
that
Crown
,
and
to
concert
with
them
what
was
most
adviseable
for
the
Fleet
to
attempt
against
the
Coast
of
Provence
.
On
the
1st
of
September
they
returned
again
to
Cadiz
,
and
were
received
there
with
all
the
Honours
that
could
be
exprest
.
On
the
5th
there
were
publick
Rejoycings
,
and
Bonefires
were
made
all
over
the
Town
,
and
a
great
Number
of
Candles
put
up
in
Lanthorns
in
every
Ship
in
the
Fleet
,
to
celebrate
the
Victory
obtained
at
Seneffe
by
the
Prince
of
Orange
,
which
in
the
Darkness
of
the
Night
made
the
most
delightful
Spectacle
in
the
World
.
Several
whole
Rounds
of
Cannon
both
from
the
Castles
and
Fleet
likewise
discharged
,
which
loudly
proclaimed
the
Universal
Joy
conceived
at
those
early
and
hopeful
Successes
of
the
Prince
.
On
the
6th
,
the
Dutch
Smirna
Fleet
arrived
in
the
Grand
Fleet
;
and
on
the
7th
they
weighed
Anchor
and
past
the
Straits
in
the
Night
,
with
Design
to
advance
higher
into
the
Mediterranean
;
but
the
Approach
of
the
Winter
,
and
some
contrary
Orders
Tromp
received
,
broke
off
the
Designs
that
had
been
projected
to
be
put
in
Execution
there
;
which
obliged
Tromp
to
quit
the
Mediterranean
on
the
1st
of
November
,
from
whence
on
the
4th
of
December
he
arrived
at
the
Texel
.
After
that
Expedition
,
the
Fleet
disarmed
.
The
Reputation
Tromp
had
gained
in
the
World
was
then
so
great
,
that
he
was
lookt
upon
to
be
the
greatest
Man
at
Sea
of
his
Time
.
And
the
King
of
England
himself
had
conceived
so
much
Esteem
for
him
,
Tromp
accordingly
disposed
himself
to
answer
the
Honour
done
him
by
that
Prince
;
and
on
the
12th
of
January
set
Sail
with
3
Yachts
that
waited
for
him
;
at
his
Departure
he
was
saluted
with
several
Guns
,
as
well
from
the
Brill
,
as
from
the
Yachts
appointed
for
his
Transportation
.
The
Prince
of
Orange
in
Person
accompanied
him
as
far
as
the
Brill
,
and
gave
him
all
the
imaginable
Marks
of
the
high
Esteem
he
had
conceived
of
his
great
Merit
.
On
the
16th
of
the
Month
he
arrived
at
London
.
The
Duke
of
York
,
Dukes
of
Monmouth
and
Buckingham
,
with
all
the
Grandees
of
the
Kingdom
,
went
to
meet
him
,
and
did
him
the
greatest
Honours
imaginable
.
The
Curiosity
of
the
People
of
England
was
so
great
to
see
him
,
That
the
Streets
were
so
thronged
with
People
,
that
there
was
hardly
any
passing
.
And
appearing
once
at
the
Royal
Exchange
,
there
presently
crowded
in
such
a
Multitude
of
People
,
that
the
Change
as
spacious
as
it
was
,
was
not
able
to
contain
them
.
The
King
of
England
to
Honour
the
Virtue
and
Worth
of
one
of
the
Greatest
men
at
Sea
that
ever
Holland
bred
,
Harpetsz
Tromp
Burger
Master
of
Delft
,
and
after
him
to
his
issue
male
,
and
upon
failure
of
them
,
to
his
third
Brother
Adrian
Tromp
,
a
Captain
of
a
Ship
in
the
Service
of
the
States
General
.
And
accordingly
Letters
Patents
were
immediately
expedited
for
that
effect
by
the
Lord
High
Chancellour
of
the
Kingdom
;
after
which
,
Tromp
took
his
leave
of
his
Majesty
who
presented
him
at
parting
with
his
picture
enricht
with
Diamonds
;
and
so
departed
towards
the
end
of
February
,
and
returned
to
Holland
.
The
French
King
finding
himself
deserted
by
his
own
Allies
,
the
Electour
of
Cologne
,
de
Fenquieres
,
was
therefore
dispatcht
away
in
quality
of
Ambassadour
Extraordinary
from
the
most
Christian
King
to
the
Crown
of
Swedeland
,
and
so
prevailed
by
his
sollicitations
upon
the
corrupt
Ministers
there
,
and
the
young
experienced
easy
King
,
that
he
perswaded
them
to
a
Rupture
,
so
that
General
Wrangel
drawing
together
the
Swedish
Army
in
Pomerania
,
fell
suddenly
upon
the
Territories
of
the
Electour
of
Brandenburg
,
and
was
so
successfull
at
his
first
on-set
,
that
he
,
soon
gained
the
passes
of
Lokkowits
,
Zedenik
and
Bernaw
,
and
made
himself
Master
of
Landsbergen
,
of
the
new
and
old
Rupin
,
and
of
Kopenigh
.
Upon
the
news
of
which
sudden
Progress
,
the
Electour
of
Brandenburg
justly
fearing
the
Swedes
,
if
not
timely
and
vigorously
opposed
,
might
push
their
successes
much
further
,
and
at
length
strip
him
of
all
his
Dominions
,
went
in
all
haste
to
the
Hague
,
where
in
the
month
of
May
,
an
Alliance
was
concluded
between
the
King
of
Denmark
,
the
Electour
of
Brandenburg
,
the
Dukes
of
Brunswick
,
and
Lunenburg
,
and
the
United
Provinces
,
by
which
all
those
powers
engaged
themselves
mutually
to
assist
each
other
against
the
arms
of
France
and
Swedeland
;
and
amongst
other
things
it
was
stipulated
,
that
the
States
for
their
part
,
should
Equip
out
9
men
of
War
to
be
sent
into
the
Sound
,
into
the
Service
of
the
Electour
of
Brandenburg
.
On
the
18th
.
of
June
following
the
States
declared
open
War
against
Swedeland
,
8
days
after
the
Spaniards
had
publisht
the
like
at
Brussels
.
In
the
mean
time
,
the
Swedes
taking
advantage
of
the
weakness
of
their
Enemies
,
who
expecting
nothing
less
than
to
see
a
War
kindled
in
the
North
,
had
left
their
Frontiers
unprovided
,
entred
into
Havelland
and
seized
upon
the
Towns
of
Nauwen
,
Brandenburg
,
Ravenau
,
Havelberg
,
&c.
But
the
Electour
of
Brandenburg
with
a
wonderfull
diligence
assembling
his
Forces
,
checkt
his
Enemies
in
their
full
Career
,
and
obliged
them
to
quit
Ravenau
;
and
soon
after
engaging
in
a
Battle
with
the
Swedish
Army
,
he
defeated
them
,
killed
them
2500
men
,
and
forced
them
in
fine
to
retire
in
Disorder
into
the
Country
of
Mecklenburg
.
The
King
of
Denmark
likewise
at
the
same
time
Declared
War
against
the
Swedes
,
and
thereupon
immediately
sent
his
Fleet
after
its
Junction
with
the
Ships
of
the
Hollanders
Quota
,
into
the
Baltick
,
to
cruize
upon
the
Coasts
of
Pomerania
;
and
drew
up
his
Land-Army
at
Gadebusch
,
where
the
Elector
of
Brandenburg
met
him
;
and
those
two
Princes
having
held
a
Council
of
War
together
,
to
Consult
upon
what
enterprizes
they
might
most
advantageously
employ
their
Troops
,
after
that
,
the
King
of
Denmark
advanced
to
Wismar
,
where
he
left
6
Regiments
to
block
up
that
place
,
and
then
marcht
away
with
the
main
of
his
Army
towards
Damgarten
in
Pomerania
;
on
the
other
side
,
the
Troops
of
Munster
and
Brandenburg
entred
the
Country
of
Bremen
,
and
General
Swerin
with
a
body
of
3000
Brandenburgers
seized
the
Isle
of
Wollyn
,
;
Damgarten
was
also
reduced
under
the
obedience
of
the
Danes
,
and
a
little
while
after
Wismar
also
surrendred
to
the
King
of
Denmark
,
who
besieged
it
in
person
.
During
these
transactions
,
the
young
K.
of
Swedeland
after
the
Ceremony
of
his
Coronation
which
had
been
lately
performed
at
Vpsal
,
employed
his
utmost
care
and
efforts
for
the
fitting
out
a
powerfull
Fleet
,
with
a
Resolution
to
make
some
attempt
upon
the
Isle
of
Zealand
,
but
that
Fleet
was
no
sooner
got
to
Sea
,
but
it
was
so
roughly
handled
by
a
horrible
and
sudden
Tempest
,
that
after
the
loss
of
several
Ships
,
it
was
forced
to
return
into
Port.
The
Danish
Fleet
under
the
Command
of
Admiral
Adelaar
,
after
having
a
long
time
but
in
vain
,
waited
for
that
of
Swedeland
,
received
orders
likewise
to
return
home
;
and
so
ended
the
year
1675.
The
Swedish
Armies
were
nothing
more
fortunate
the
following
Campaign
than
they
had
been
in
the
last
.
For
being
attackt
almost
on
all
sides
at
the
same
time
,
they
had
the
displeasure
to
see
those
Enemies
they
had
so
rashly
raised
against
themselves
,
make
themselves
Masters
of
a
considerable
part
of
their
Territories
,
and
bid
fair
to
carry
all
the
rest
.
'T
is
true
indeed
,
the
Swedes
seized
upon
Swingerschans
in
the
month
of
January
,
and
defeated
the
Munsterian
Troops
in
the
Dutchy
of
Bremen
,
but
those
happy
beginnings
were
followed
by
perpetual
losses
one
after
the
other
;
and
so
as
they
were
the
first
that
begun
the
War
on
that
side
,
they
were
likewise
the
first
that
felt
the
disastrous
effects
of
it
,
and
that
Repented
they
had
so
unadvisedly
engaged
in
it
upon
the
delusive
suggestions
of
a
false
and
self-ended
Allie
.
Fortune
which
had
followed
the
Arms
of
the
Allies
in
all
the
attempts
they
had
hitherto
made
by
Land
upon
the
Swedish
Dominions
,
Declared
herself
likewise
in
their
favour
at
Sea
.
For
at
the
very
beginning
of
the
year
,
the
States
General
of
the
United
Provinces
had
resolved
joyntly
with
the
King
of
Denmark
,
to
send
early
in
the
Spring
,
a
Fleet
of
40
sail
of
men
of
War
into
the
Sound
,
viz.
25
Danish
,
and
15
Dutch
Ships
,
of
which
Tromp
was
to
be
the
Commander
in
chief
:
And
accordingly
they
ordered
all
imaginable
diligence
to
be
used
in
fitting
out
that
Fleet
;
which
being
effected
,
Tromp
sailed
out
of
the
Texel
on
the
11th
.
of
May
,
with
the
Ships
designed
for
the
North
with
which
joined
several
Merchant
Ships
,
and
on
the
12th
.
he
arrived
in
the
Road
of
Copenhagen
where
the
King
of
Denmark
,
In
the
mean
while
,
Admiral
Niels
Juel
being
entred
the
month
before
into
the
Baltick
Sea
with
a
Squadron
of
12
men
of
War
,
and
a
Reinforcement
of
8
more
,
seized
upon
the
Isle
of
Gothland
.
After
which
expedition
,
he
received
a
further
Reinforcement
of
6
men
of
War
Danish
and
Dutch
;
so
that
he
had
then
a
Fleet
of
26
Capital
men
of
War
with
which
he
cruized
in
the
Baltick
.
At
the
beginning
of
June
he
descried
the
Swedish
Fleet
consisting
of
44
men
of
War
besides
Tenders
,
and
small
craft
;
and
on
the
4th
of
the
same
month
at
6
in
the
evening
the
two
Fleets
engaged
between
Schoonen
,
and
Bornholm
;
and
tho'
the
Swedes
were
superiour
to
the
Danes
in
Number
of
Ships
and
men
,
yet
they
never
durst
attempt
to
board
any
of
them
,
but
contented
themselves
only
with
firing
at
them
at
a
respectfull
distance
.
The
Danes
charged
the
Enemies
Fleet
with
a
great
deal
of
Courage
,
and
cut
off
5
Swedish
ships
from
the
main
body
of
their
Fleet
;
But
a
calm
coming
on
,
they
could
not
possibly
pursue
them
,
so
that
they
were
forced
to
content
themselves
only
with
plying
them
with
continual
Broadsides
of
their
Guns
,
till
night
parted
the
Fray
for
that
day
.
The
next
day
about
6
in
the
morning
,
the
two
Fleets
prepared
again
for
a
second
Battle
.
The
Swedes
having
the
Weather-gage
,
The
News
of
that
fight
being
come
to
Copenhagen
,
Tromp
sailed
immediately
with
a
Reinforcement
of
4
Danish
and
3
Dutch
Ships
,
and
speedily
arrived
in
the
Danish
Fleet.
The
next
day
after
his
coming
he
disposed
all
things
for
a
third
Battle
which
was
fought
on
the
11th
of
the
same
month
,
and
was
incomparably
more
furious
and
bloody
than
the
two
preceeding
ones
;
of
which
what
the
issue
was
may
be
seen
by
the
following
Letter
written
on
that
Subject
,
by
Admiral
Tromp
to
the
States
.
High
and
Mighty
Lords
,
Three
Crowns
carrying
134
Guns
,
and
Commanded
by
the
Swedish
Admiral
,
was
overset
,
and
blown
up
into
the
air
in
a
little
time
after
,
by
I
know
not
what
accident
,
since
I
had
given
her
but
very
few
broadsides
.
At
that
,
all
the
whole
Enemies
Fleet
made
as
if
they
would
fly
.
I
presently
gave
the
signal
for
attacking
them
on
all
sides
,
and
falling
upon
them
with
our
whole
Fleet
,
which
motion
made
them
stop
short
,
we
then
tackt
to
the
South-ward
,
and
I
drew
near
them
,
and
flankt
the
Enemies
Admiral
's
Ship
that
was
the
chief
of
a
Squadron
,
carrying
96
Guns
.
I
vigorously
charged
both
that
and
the
other
Ships
that
seconded
her
.
And
after
we
had
fired
at
one
another
reciprocally
about
an
hour
and
an
half
,
the
Swedish
Admirals
main-mast
was
at
last
shot
down
,
and
I
forced
him
to
strike
his
Flag
,
and
to
beg
Quarter
,
which
I
granted
him
because
of
his
vigorous
resistance
,
and
the
bravery
he
had
shewed
,
and
I
sent
my
boat
to
fetch
him
off
,
but
it
was
too
late
;
For
one
of
our
Fire-Ships
having
grapled
his
Ship
,
not
considering
he
had
struck
his
Flag
,
and
that
I
had
given
no
signal
at
all
for
any
to
board
her
,
she
was
burnt
to
Ashes
;
so
that
that
fine
Ship
perisht
with
all
her
men
,
which
were
to
the
Number
of
650
Seamen
,
excepting
only
50
which
were
saved
by
a
Boat
,
amongst
whom
was
a
Priest
.
That
hapned
about
6
in
the
afternoon
.
The
Enemies
Fleet
,
after
the
fatal
loss
of
two
Admirals
,
seeing
that
Fortune
favoured
us
,
and
that
the
wavering
Victory
was
ready
to
declare
it self
for
the
Danish
Fleet
,
thought
it
time
to
make
away
into
the
Main
Sea
,
so
that
all
the
Ships
which
composed
it
,
confusedly
betook
themselves
to
flight
,
and
stole
away
by
the
help
of
their
sails
from
the
pursuit
of
the
Victours
.
They
left
behind
them
the
Neptune
,
of
44
Guns
,
and
198
men
,
which
was
taken
by
Captain
Van
Zyl
.
There
was
likewise
another
taken
as
considerable
as
that
.
The
Enemies
did
all
they
possibly
could
two
several
times
to
burn
me
,
but
their
Fire-Ships
were
always
Repulsed
.
Besides
,
't
is
a
surprizing
thing
,
and
that
proves
,
that
Justice
and
the
blessing
of
God
follows
the
arms
of
all
the
Allies
,
that
they
lost
not
one
Ship
in
so
memorable
an
Action
,
and
are
hardly
at
all
endamaged
:
The
greatest
damages
my
Ship
has
suffered
,
consists
in
Sails
and
Rigging
,
and
some
shot
received
between
wind
and
water
.
My
first
Captain
,
Ad
an
Akkerstoot
died
in
the
bed
of
honour
,
and
my
second
Captain
,
Teunisz
Van
Anten
had
his
right
arm
shot
off
whilst
he
was
signalizing
himself
.
The
Captain
that
Commanded
the
Land
Troops
has
likewise
lost
an
eye
,
and
as
to
my
men
,
I
have
had
100
killed
and
wounded
.
We
have
been
in
chace
of
the
Enemies
ever
since
the
day
before
Yesterday
,
endeavouring
to
make
the
best
advantage
we
can
of
their
defeat
.
The
day
before
Yesterday
in
the
morning
we
saw
one
of
their
Ships
stranded
,
and
towards
evening
another
of
their
biggest
were
staved
against
the
Rocks
of
Westerwyk
.
We
took
from
them
a
Frigat
of
16
,
and
a
Yacht
of
6
Guns
.
But
I
know
not
what
passed
in
the
Squadron
of
Admiral
Niels
Juel
,
of
whom
we
have
heard
nothing
since
the
Fight
.
Since
the
shattered
remainder
of
the
Enemies
Fleet
is
retired
into
the
first
Ports
they
could
find
,
to
avoid
our
pursuit
,
and
that
not
any
of
their
Ships
appear
any
longer
at
Sea
,
we
have
resolved
to
go
to
Stede
,
or
Bogt
Van
Kuik
,
to
confer
with
his
Danish
Majesty
,
and
to
take
the
orders
that
shall
be
judged
agreeable
to
the
present
State
of
affairs
.
I
pray
God
to
be
pleased
more
and
more
to
bless
your
High
and
Mightinesses
Government
,
and
to
Render
your
arms
every
where
Triumphant
.
The
losses
the
Swedes
suffered
in
that
Battle
amounted
to
10
capital
men
of
War
,
amongst
which
were
2
Admirals
,
1
Frigat
and
1
Yacht
,
besides
a
great
Number
of
men
killed
and
wounded
.
It
will
be
impertinent
to
relate
here
what
caused
the
destruction
of
the
first
Admiral
's
Ship
that
passed
for
one
of
the
finest
that
ever
appeared
yet
in
the
Northern
Seas
.
It
carried
134
Brass
Guns
,
and
1100
men
.
At
the
approach
of
the
Allies
Fleet
,
Admiral
Kruits
who
was
in
her
,
Commanded
the
Guns
to
be
placed
on
one
side
in
their
Carriages
that
he
might
be
ready
to
fire
a
whole
broadside
;
after
which
the
gunners
were
ordered
to
pass
to
the
other
side
,
which
they
did
;
but
they
having
forgot
to
make
the
Guns
fast
,
the
Ship
turned
on
her
other
side
,
which
made
all
the
Guns
flie
out
of
their
Port-holes
,
and
fall
on
the
other
side
,
and
so
overset
the
Ship
.
And
that
disaster
was
soon
followed
with
a
greater
,
which
was
that
the
lighted
matches
fell
into
the
Powder-Room
,
which
some
moments
after
blew
up
the
Ship
.
The
Swedish
Fleet
having
been
chased
almost
as
far
as
Stockholm
by
the
Danes
,
Admiral
Tromp
sailed
to
the
Sound
with
his
Squadron
,
and
came
to
an
Anchour
at
Kongerbotcht
.
Great
rejoycings
were
made
at
Copenhagen
for
the
Victory
lately
obtained
over
the
Swedes
;
after
which
the
King
of
Denmark
was
resolved
to
push
his
Conquests
still
further
.
And
for
that
effect
sent
Orders
to
Admiral
Tromp
to
come
with
the
Confederate
Fleet
to
Vistad
,
to
endeavour
,
if
it
were
possible
,
to
make
a
descent
on
that
side
,
in
Schonen
,
whilst
he
on
the
other
,
should
enter
it
with
his
Land-Army
.
Admiral
Tromp
punctually
executed
those
orders
,
by
coming
with
all
speed
before
that
Harbour
;
where
being
arrived
,
he
sent
a
Trumpeter
in
a
Boat
,
to
summon
the
Governour
to
surrender
the
place
.
But
Mr.
Veersen
who
Commanded
there
,
made
answer
to
Tromp
,
that
the
guard
of
that
place
was
as
much
entrusted
to
him
,
as
the
Conduct
of
the
Fleet
was
to
Tromp
,
and
that
consequently
he
was
resolved
to
defend
it
like
a
brave
Soldier
against
all
that
should
attack
it
.
After
that
answer
,
Tromp
sent
a
detachment
of
4
Frigats
,
and
3
Galliots
,
to
advance
near
the
Town
,
and
to
Cannonade
it
;
but
by
reason
of
a
Calm
coming
on
,
it
was
impossible
for
him
to
execute
any
thing
that
day
,
but
he
was
forced
to
stay
till
the
next
day
,
when
the
Frigats
approaching
within
Musket
shot
of
the
Ramparts
begun
to
play
,
at
them
with
their
Guns
.
In
the
afternoon
Tromp
reinforced
them
with
4
frigats
more
,
and
they
fired
so
furiously
with
all
their
Guns
at
the
Ramparts
,
that
no
body
durst
appear
any
more
upon
them
.
After
which
a
body
of
3000
Seamen
and
Soldiers
were
Commanded
to
make
a
descent
on
both
sides
of
the
Town
.
The
Burghers
did
all
they
could
,
to
oppose
them
with
a
body
of
700
Horse
,
and
150
Foot
.
But
as
soon
as
the
Danes
had
Landed
under
shelter
of
the
Great
Guns
that
so
hotly
fired
against
all
the
shore
,
the
Swedes
were
forced
to
retire
with
the
loss
of
151
men
killed
or
wounded
,
and
the
Danes
advanced
near
the
Town
.
About
6
at
night
,
the
Admiral
ordered
the
Troops
to
be
in
readiness
to
attack
the
Town
on
both
sides
as
soon
as
ever
he
should
give
the
signal
for
it
,
but
first
he
thought
fit
to
Summon
the
Governour
once
more
to
surrender
it
;
and
the
inhabitants
begun
to
shew
themselves
,
and
reported
,
that
the
Swedes
had
quitted
it
,
but
that
they
had
min'd
it
before
their
Retreat
.
The
Danes
thereupon
presently
seized
it
,
cleared
it
of
the
Mines
,
and
refortified
it
with
a
Resolution
to
maintain
it
,
and
defend
it
stoutly
in
case
the
Swedes
should
return
with
an
Army
to
attack
them
,
and
for
that
end
,
they
drew
out
of
the
Fleet
such
a
proportion
of
Guns
and
Ammunition
as
was
thought
necessary
,
and
carried
into
the
Town
.
The
King
of
Denmark
having
embarkt
his
Army
consisting
of
18000
Men
,
Horse
and
Foot
,
unmoor'd
the
8th
of
July
with
a
Fleet
of
500
Ships
,
and
came
to
an
Anchor
the
next
day
before
Raa
upon
the
Coast
of
Schonen
between
Helsingburg
and
Landskroon
,
accompanied
by
the
Prince
his
Brother
,
and
the
Generals
of
his
Army
.
And
upon
advice
that
the
Swedish
Army
was
marched
towards
V●stad
,
he
Cammanded
his
Army
to
make
a
descent
and
to
Land
all
the
Artillery
,
and
all
the
Warlike
Engines
that
followed
them
,
and
sent
presently
a
detachment
of
some
Regim●nts
,
to
invest
Helsingburg
,
and
besiege
it
.
That
place
was
reduced
to
his
obedience
without
much
resistance
.
But
the
Garrison
retiring
into
the
Castle
defended
themselves
there
for
a
while
very
stoutly
;
however
,
at
length
seeing
there
was
but
small
hopes
of
any
succour
,
they
yielded
at
discretion
on
the
14th
of
the
month
.
The
King
of
Denmark
observing
that
the
Swedish
King
,
tho'
he
was
in
Person
at
the
head
of
his
Army
,
was
not
in
a
condition
to
oppose
his
Ravages
,
and
to
oblige
Tromp
to
quit
Vistad
,
but
that
he
was
so
far
from
that
,
as
to
be
retired
to
Christianstadt
,
resolved
to
pursue
his
Conquests
still
further
,
and
so
taking
advantage
of
the
opportunity
fortune
presented
him
,
he
decampt
on
the
15th
with
his
Army
from
Helsingburg
,
and
march'd
directly
to
Landskroon
,
which
he
caused
to
be
attackt
with
sword
in
hand
,
and
reduced
it
.
But
the
Danes
with
all
the
diligence
they
could
use
,
were
not
able
to
prevent
the
Swedes
from
retiring
into
the
Castle
which
was
extreamly
strong
both
by
Situation
and
the
Artfull
works
about
it
.
They
defended
themselves
there
like
brave
Soldiers
,
but
were
at
last
constrained
to
yield
.
On
the
next
day
being
the
18th
.
his
Danish
Majesty
marcht
his
Army
to
Christianstadt
and
summoned
it
to
surrender
,
and
upon
refusal
,
took
it
by
force
of
Arms.
The
Danish
Arms
made
likewise
a
great
progress
in
Norway
and
Victory
followed
them
every
where
:
For
the
Fortress
of
Wennersburg
was
taken
there
by
the
Sieur
de
Guldenlieu
,
and
a
part
of
the
Country
of
Daalsland
and
of
Westergothland
was
likewise
put
under
Contribution
,
&c.
Some
time
before
,
the
Swedes
had
demolished
the
Fortress
of
Christianople
.
The
King
of
Denmark
considering
,
that
place
was
of
great
importance
to
him
,
sent
order
to
Admiral
Tromp
to
go
before
it
with
the
Fleet
;
Tromp
accordingly
arrived
there
on
the
15th
of
September
,
and
took
it
presently
,
repar'd
the
fortifications
of
it
,
and
made
it
stronger
than
ever
it
had
been
before
.
On
another
side
,
the
Arms
of
the
Elector
of
Brandenburg
were
no
less
Triumphant
than
those
of
the
Danes
.
For
he
entred
Pomerania
with
his
Army
,
towards
the
end
of
June
,
with
a
Resolution
to
force
the
Swedes
to
raise
the
sieg
of
the
Fort
of
Wolgast
which
was
extremee
hardly
pressed
by
them
.
And
being
so
successfull
at
the
very
first
to
make
himself
Master
of
the
Fortress
of
Tribsee
,
he
thereby
broke
the
designs
of
the
Swedes
.
The
Fort
Pennemunder
was
taken
soon
after
,
as
likewise
were
the
important
Fortresses
of
Staden
and
Anklam
,
the
Pass
of
Lokkowits
the
Town
of
Demin
,
&c.
After
all
these
Expeditions
,
the
Dutch
Fleet
retired
,
and
that
of
Denmark
went
to
Copenhagen
,
where
it
was
disarmed
,
excepting
two
Squadrons
under
the
Command
of
the
Admirals
Bielke
and
Rotsteyn
,
who
had
orders
to
cruize
about
in
the
Baltick
Sea
.
Admiral
Jens
Rotsteyn
advancing
with
his
Squadron
to
Karelshaven
besieged
by
the
Danes
,
Landed
there
some
Guns
and
some
Troops
,
to
help
to
straiten
the
place
the
more
,
and
to
force
it
to
surrender
.
The
Danish
Admiral
Wibe
,
who
was
substituted
in
the
place
of
Marcus
Rotsteyn
,
who
was
accused
not
to
have
done
his
duty
before
Gottenburg
,
undertook
at
the
same
time
to
burn
the
Swedish
men
of
War
that
were
at
Anchor
before
Elsburg
;
but
he
succeeded
not
;
however
the
Swedish
Admiral
fled
,
to
avoid
the
danger
,
and
another
ship
whose
head
was
shot
off
,
sunk
.
The
Vice
Admirals
ship
had
the
same
misfortune
as
the
ther
,
the
Ship
called
Kalmerstet
lay
drie
for
3
days
together
,
and
a
small
Vessel
,
and
a
Swedish
Fire-ship
perisht
likewise
by
the
flames
.
The
Swedes
upon
that
attempt
retired
up
nearer
to
Elsburg
to
Repare
all
their
damages
.
The
King
of
Swedeland
seeing
there
was
no
other
means
to
put
a
stop
to
the
conquest
of
the
Danes
,
but
by
venturing
a
Battle
,
after
he
had
received
a
Reinforcement
of
5000
Finlanders
and
some
of
the
Country
Militia
,
took
a
Resolution
to
march
in
person
towards
the
Enemies
with
an
Army
of
18000
men
.
He
accordingly
marched
to
Helsingburg
which
he
took
without
much
resistance
.
The
Danes
were
retired
into
the
Fort
,
and
the
King
of
Sweden
flattered
himself
with
the
hopes
of
forcing
them
to
surrender
,
but
they
made
so
vigorous
a
resistance
that
he
was
forced
to
retire
with
loss
.
The
King
of
Denmark
hearing
the
King
of
Swedeland
was
upon
his
march
,
went
and
posted
himself
between
Landskroon
and
Helsingburg
,
for
fear
otherwise
if
he
should
not
cut
of
his
passage
,
he
should
enter
further
into
the
Country
.
The
two
Armies
therefore
by
that
means
came
and
remained
in
sight
of
each
other
,
each
of
them
having
their
King
at
their
head
,
and
being
separated
from
one
another
only
by
a
River
.
And
a
great
frost
coming
on
,
the
River
that
parted
them
was
frozen
,
which
gave
occasion
to
a
bloody
battle
that
was
fought
the
14th
of
December
,
The
Rigors
of
Winter
which
make
themselves
to
be
very
sensibly
felt
towards
the
North
,
yet
were
not
able
to
hinder
the
attempts
those
Kings
continued
to
make
,
to
get
an
advantage
one
over
the
other
.
The
Swedes
who
kept
the
field
of
Battle
in
the
last
action
,
tho'
the
Victory
were
contested
them
by
the
●a●es
,
were
minded
to
shew
their
Enemies
,
that
it
was
not
without
justice
,
they
claimed
it
;
and
for
that
purpose
the
King
of
Swedeland
marcht
with
his
●rmy
to
Helsingburg
to
besiege
it
,
and
in
effect
forced
it
to
surrender
on
the
9th
of
January
.
That
unexpected
expedition
,
and
the
fortunate
successes
that
attended
it
,
fired
the
Danes
with
an
Emulous
Rage
,
and
put
them
upon
taking
measures
to
stop
the
further
progress
of
their
Enemies
;
and
their
apprehension
was
so
much
the
greater
,
because
the
Sea
that
parts
Schonen
from
Zealand
was
frozen
up
by
the
hard
weather
that
had
continued
ever
since
the
beginning
of
February
.
The
King
of
Denmark
considering
,
there
was
nothing
could
keep
up
the
Reputation
of
his
Arms
better
than
a
potent
Fleet
that
might
make
him
Master
of
the
Northern
Seas
,
thought
fit
to
renew
his
instances
to
the
States-General
,
to
induce
them
to
send
another
considerable
Reinforcement
of
men
of
War
again
into
the
Baltick
at
the
opening
of
the
next
Campaign
;
and
the
better
to
succeed
in
what
he
proposed
,
he
prayed
Tromp
to
be
pleased
to
go
to
Holland
,
and
to
make
the
demand
for
him
in
person
to
the
States
,
as
hoping
he
would
more
easily
obtain
it
than
another
.
Tromp
therefore
departed
from
Copenh●●en
on
the
19th
of
February
,
but
the
Tempests
he
met
with
by
the
way
,
were
the
cause
that
he
arrived
not
at
the
Hague
,
till
the
20th
of
March.
At
that
time
the
Prince
of
Orange
marcht
at
the
head
of
the
Army
to
the
Relief
of
St.
Omers
.
Tromp
followed
his
Highness
in
that
expedetion
,
and
news
coming
that
Admiral
Michael
de
Ruiter
died
on
the
29th
.
of
April
the
last
year
being
1676
,
of
the
wound
in
the
Sea-fight
he
had
with
the
French
before
Palermo
in
Sicily
,
and
there
being
no
man
Judged
more
capable
worthily
to
supply
his
place
than
Tromp
,
it
was
accordingly
conferred
upon
him
about
the
latter
end
of
March
,
de
Ruiter
killed
at
Palermo
.
and
he
was
created
Lieutenant
Admiral
General
of
the
United
Provinces
,
with
permission
however
from
the
States
,
to
continue
during
that
one
Campaign
more
in
the
King
of
Denmark's
Service
.
In
the
beginning
of
May
,
he
was
received
in
that
quality
in
all
the
Colleges
of
the
several
Admiralties
,
who
all
did
him
great
honours
.
The
States
having
deliberated
upon
what
was
to
be
done
in
marine
affairs
,
concluded
at
length
to
fit
out
15
men
of
War
to
be
sent
to
the
assistance
of
the
King
of
Denmark
,
and
named
the
General
Officers
to
Command
that
Squadron
,
which
were
,
William
Bastiaansz
as
Admiral
John
Van
Nes
as
Vice
Admiral
,
and
Philip
Allemonde
as
Rear
Admiral
.
They
set
sail
on
the
29th
of
June
with
Lieutenant
Admiral
General
Tromp
,
and
made
the
best
of
their
way
for
Denmark
.
In
the
mean
while
,
the
Swedes
seized
upon
Karelshaven
,
and
marcht
to
Christianstadt
.
The
King
thereupon
without
any
hesitation
,
resolved
to
go
in
person
into
Schonen
.
His
arrival
broke
the
designs
of
the
Swedes
who
went
and
posted
themselves
near
Landskroon
without
daring
to
hazard
a
Battle
which
the
King
of
Denmark
presented
them
.
At
Sea
the
Danish
arms
were
Triumphant
;
for
upon
Advice
,
that
the
Swedish
Admiral
Erick
Zeeklad
was
sailed
out
of
Gottemburg
with
a
Squadron
of
9
men
of
War
,
2
Advice-Yachts
,
3
Fire-Ships
,
and
4
other
Vessels
,
in
order
to
pass
the
Belt
,
and
joyn
the
main
Body
of
the
Swedish
Fleet
that
was
hourly
expected
,
Admiral
Niels
Juel
went
out
of
Copenhagen
on
the
2d
of
June
,
to
search
after
them
,
and
if
possible
to
hinder
their
junction
,
the
winds
that
were
contrary
to
the
Swedes
and
hindred
them
from
passing
the
Belt
favoured
his
attempt
,
so
that
according
to
his
wish
he
attackt
them
at
Rostock
with
a
Squadron
of
11
men
of
War
.
After
two
hours
fight
the
Swedish
Admiral
,
who
was
in
a
ship
carrying
60
Guns
and
300
men
,
was
forced
to
strike
his
Flag
,
and
to
yield
at
discretion
.
And
the
Danish
Admirals
second
took
the
Ship
called
the
Angel
Gabriel
carrying
50
Guns
,
and
260
men
.
The
Danish
Vice
Admiral
took
the
ship
called
Kalmar
Kasteel
carrying
74
Guns
,
and
400
men
.
Captain
Dreyer
took
the
Wrangle
Paleis
of
44
Guns
,
and
300
men
,
and
Captain
de
Wit
took
the
Meerman
of
46
Guns
and
300
men
.
One
of
their
Fire
Ships
was
burnt
,
and
2
of
their
Advice
Yachts
,
were
taken
;
so
that
of
the
whole
Swedish
Squadron
,
there
were
but
very
few
ships
escaped
;
whereas
on
the
contrary
,
the
Danes
lost
not
one
Ship
,
and
they
came
off
only
with
the
loss
of
70
or
80
men
killed
amongst
which
there
was
not
one
person
of
note
.
Those
happy
Progresses
animated
the
Danish
K.
to
attempt
the
Conquest
of
some
important
Place
;
for
which
end
he
march'd
his
Army
to
Malmuyen
,
of
which
depends
all
the
Country
of
Schonen
,
in
order
to
besiege
it
.
Mark
Rotsteyn
had
the
Van
,
Admiral
Juel
commanded
the
main
Battle
,
and
Admiral
Jens
Rotsteyn
the
Rear
.
At
the
first
Motion
made
by
the
two
Fleets
,
the
Swedes
fell
upon
the
Danes
with
a
great
deal
of
Bravery
;
but
in
the
sequel
of
the
Fight
,
the
Danes
soon
shewed
them
,
That
they
had
more
Experience
than
they
in
Sea-actions
,
and
were
more
skilful
in
making
their
Motions
,
for
having
in
a
trice
gotten
from
them
the
Weather-gage
,
Christian
the
first
was
so
battered
and
disabled
that
he
was
forced
to
quit
her
,
and
go
on
Board
another
,
called
Frederick
the
third
.
In
the
mean
while
the
main
Body
of
the
Sweedish
Fleet
was
put
to
so
great
a
Rout
,
that
they
quitted
the
Fight
,
and
left
to
the
Danes
a
glorious
Victory
,
and
a
great
many
of
their
Ships
.
For
Vice-Admiral
Bielke
took
the
Mars
,
carrying
72
Guns
;
Rear-Admiral
Floris
Karstensz
took
the
Julius
Caesar
of
60
Guns
;
Captain
Van
Vacht
took
the
Flying
Wolf
of
56
Guns
;
Captain
Dreyer
took
the
Swedish
Lion
of
52
Guns
.
The
Dragon
,
carrying
64
Guns
,
was
stranded
;
the
Saturn
was
burnt
;
and
the
Jupiter
,
carrying
60
Guns
,
was
sunk
,
&c.
Towards
the
End
of
that
famous
Fight
,
the
Auxiliary
Squadrons
sent
by
the
States
to
the
Aid
of
the
K.
of
Denmark
appeared
towards
the
Sound
,
under
the
Conduct
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
William
Bastiaansz
;
and
came
very
opportunely
to
help
to
compleat
the
Ruine
of
the
shattered
Relicks
of
the
Swedish
Fleet
,
for
they
cut
off
the
Passage
of
Gottenburg
from
3
of
their
Ships
,
that
were
retired
near
Malmuyen
.
Admiral
Tromp
,
upon
his
Arrival
,
went
immediately
to
Copenhagen
,
at
whose
Return
a
Council
of
War
being
held
,
it
was
resolved
to
send
a
Detachment
to
attack
the
said
Swedish
Vessels
,
which
carried
each
of
them
70
Guns
.
And
that
Action
was
performed
in
the
Sight
of
the
King
of
Denmark
.
The
Captains
Tyloor
and
de
Bois
,
that
were
commanded
out
upon
that
Exploit
,
got
a
great
deal
of
Honour
by
it
.
The
first
of
them
advanced
,
and
thrusting
himself
between
two
of
those
Ships
,
fired
at
both
of
them
so
terribly
with
his
Guns
that
one
of
them
sunk
,
and
the
other
yielded
;
and
the
third
was
burnt
by
a
Dutch
Fire-ship
.
In
a
Word
,
the
whole
Swedish
Fleet
was
reduced
into
a
most
pitiful
Condition
,
and
several
of
their
General
Officers
fell
into
the
Hands
of
the
Victors
.
That
was
the
second
Victory
the
Danes
had
gained
over
the
Swedes
by
Sea
that
Year
.
A
little
while
after
their
two
Land-Armies
likewise
engaged
again
in
a
cruel
Battle
,
which
was
fought
on
the
24th
of
July
pretty
near
Landskroon
.
The
2
Kings
of
the
North
were
both
there
likewise
in
Person
again
,
each
of
them
at
the
Head
of
his
Army
,
and
both
Parties
being
encouraged
by
their
Presence
,
fought
with
so
much
Valour
and
desperate
Obstinacy
,
that
it
could
not
well
be
known
to
whom
the
Victory
was
due
.
That
Battle
cost
both
Parties
the
loss
of
5000
Men
that
were
left
dead
upon
the
Spot
.
After
the
Fight
,
the
Swedes
again
kept
the
Field
of
Battle
,
and
the
Danes
retired
to
Landskroon
,
to
repare
their
Losses
.
The
Count
de
Guldenlieu
,
Governour
or
Vice-Roy
of
Norway
,
formed
an
Enterprize
upon
the
important
Place
of
Marstrand
,
where
is
a
very
commodious
Port
,
in
which
a
great
Number
of
Ships
may
safely
ride
in
any
Weather
.
The
Town
stands
in
an
Island
of
the
same
Name
,
which
is
environed
on
all
sides
with
Rocks
.
There
are
in
it
two
other
considerable
Places
besides
,
viz.
Karelstein
and
Gustaafsburg
.
This
Marstrand
then
was
attacked
by
the
Danes
on
the
18th
of
July
,
with
about
1600
Men
,
and
after
2
Hours
Assault
was
taken
,
the
Swedes
quitting
it
,
after
they
had
nail'd
up
the
Cannon
.
They
also
set
Fire
to
Gustaafsburg
,
and
retired
to
Karelstein
,
to
which
last
Place
the
Danes
,
after
the
taking
of
Marstrand
,
marched
likewise
:
The
Swedes
that
guarded
it
made
a
vigorous
Resistance
for
a
time
,
but
at
last
were
forced
to
surrender
it
on
the
3d
of
August
.
Jempterland
,
which
had
formerly
been
subject
to
the
Danes
,
surrendred
likewise
to
them
,
towards
the
l●tter
end
of
the
Month.
All
those
happy
Successes
on
the
Danes
side
were
followed
by
another
bloody
Battle
fought
between
the
two
Armies
,
in
which
the
Danes
had
the
better
,
the
Swedes
leaving
behind
them
about
1400
men
Dead
on
the
Spot
.
After
the
last
Sea-fight
,
in
which
the
Danes
had
had
the
Victory
,
their
Fleet
being
reinforced
with
a
Squadron
of
9
Dutch
Men
of
War
,
under
the
Command
of
Lieutenant
Admiral
William
Bastiaansz
,
put
to
Sea
again
.
Admiral
Juel
,
who
commanded
it
in
chief
,
directed
his
Course
towards
the
Country
of
Smaland
,
and
the
Isle
of
Enland
,
before
which
the
Fleet
anchored
on
the
11th
of
August
.
Where
being
arrived
,
2
Trumpeters
were
presently
sent
off
,
one
to
the
Country
of
Smaland
,
and
the
other
to
the
Isle
of
Enland
,
to
summon
the
Inhabitants
to
come
and
agree
with
the
Danes
about
Contributions
;
but
they
were
so
far
from
complying
with
that
Order
,
that
they
were
so
insolent
as
to
abuse
the
Trumpeters
,
and
sent
them
away
very
ill
satisfied
.
Tromp
who
was
on
board
the
Ship
called
the
Prince
George
,
came
to
the
fleet
accompanied
with
Vice
Admiral
Bielke
,
and
was
so
surprised
at
the
strange
answer
and
Treatment
the
Trumpeters
met
withal
,
as
also
at
the
order
found
on
board
the
Swedish
Ships
there
taken
,
importing
that
if
they
had
had
the
Victory
,
they
were
to
destroy
all
the
Islands
belonging
to
the
King
of
Denmark
with
fire
and
sword
,
that
he
thought
fit
to
send
the
Sieur
Mullet
with
a
detachment
of
200
Soldiers
and
100
Seamen
,
into
the
Country
of
Smaland
,
and
Vice
Admiral
Spaen
with
another
party
of
men
to
the
Isle
of
Enland
,
with
orders
to
do
all
the
mischief
and
spoil
they
possibly
could
there
,
till
they
had
made
the
proud
hearts
of
the
inhabitants
stoop
to
reason
.
Those
orders
were
followed
with
an
effectual
execution
.
For
the
Troops
that
entred
Smaland
burnt
there
some
Lordships
,
some
Villages
,
and
the
small
Town
of
Munsternaar
.
Those
sent
into
the
Isle
of
Enland
put
to
the
Sword
36
Peasants
they
found
in
arms
,
burnt
several
Villages
,
and
committed
a
thousand
other
spoils
.
Vice-Admiral
Bielke
advancing
to
the
place
where
the
Swedes
used
to
build
their
Ships
,
set
fire
on
all
the
materials
serviceable
either
for
building
or
rigging
of
ships
;
he
likewise
Commanded
his
men
to
pillage
two
Lordships
and
four
Villages
.
In
the
mean
while
care
was
taken
,
to
found
the
port
of
Kalmar
,
with
a
design
to
go
in
and
attack
the
Swedish
Ships
there
;
but
that
was
found
impracticable
because
of
several
rocks
there
that
lay
conceal'd
under
water
,
and
that
the
Swedes
had
likewise
sunk
several
ships
in
the
mouth
of
the
Harbour
to
stop
up
its
passage
against
any
Enemy
.
All
those
obstacles
made
the
Danes
take
a
Resolution
to
attack
the
Enemies
by
Land
.
And
accordingly
they
begun
with
setting
fire
to
a
Country
house
about
a
Cannon
shot
off
the
Town
of
Kalmar
.
Those
of
the
Town
made
what
opposition
they
could
against
them
by
firing
their
great
Guns
at
them
,
and
sending
some
Troops
against
them
,
which
the
Danes
beat
back
to
the
walls
of
the
Town
,
and
pursued
so
close
,
that
't
is
certain
if
they
had
had
men
enough
to
have
gone
through
with
their
attempt
they
might
have
entred
the
Town
Pell-Mell
with
the
Enemies
,
and
have
made
themselves
Masters
of
it
,
so
great
was
the
consternation
they
then
were
in
;
and
besides
the
Danes
having
set
fire
to
the
Suburbs
that
consisted
of
200
Houses
,
and
11
Mills
,
they
might
well
enough
have
advanced
into
the
Town
,
under
the
covert
of
the
thick
smoak
that
arose
from
them
.
On
the
20th
the
Admirals
Tromp
and
Juel
took
boat
with
500
men
,
and
advanced
toward
the
Isle
of
Enland
,
with
a
Resolution
to
attack
the
Fort
that
stands
there
right
against
Kalmar
,
upon
the
Sea-shore
,
and
which
is
flankt
with
5
Regular
Bastions
.
Tromp
at
his
arrival
sent
a
summons
to
the
Governour
to
surrender
,
and
upon
his
refusal
,
ordered
his
men
to
mount
to
the
assault
.
The
Enemies
seeing
themselves
fiercely
attacked
,
made
little
resistance
,
but
retired
into
a
Wood
that
is
by
the
side
of
the
Fort
,
and
so
the
Danes
entred
and
took
possession
of
it
.
That
which
made
the
Swedes
defend
themselves
so
ill
,
was
partly
their
want
of
force
,
and
partly
their
own
Cowardice
.
For
they
hoped
for
some
assistance
from
Kalmar
,
which
came
not
till
after
the
taking
of
the
Fort
,
and
so
they
mist
the
benefit
of
it
,
because
they
had
not
the
Courage
or
Patience
to
stay
for
it
.
Those
succours
being
ignorant
of
the
taking
of
the
Fort
,
Tromp
hastily
Reimbarkt
his
Troops
in
the
boats
in
order
to
go
and
meet
them
;
but
the
Swedes
seeing
they
were
like
to
be
attackt
by
the
Danes
thought
it
better
to
return
back
from
whence
they
came
,
than
to
expose
themselves
to
be
beaten
.
However
both
parties
in
retiring
fired
several
vollies
of
small
shot
one
at
the
other
,
but
without
doing
much
harm
excepting
only
to
Vice-Admiral
Spaen
who
unfortunately
lost
an
eye
.
The
Fort
of
Borchholm
of
which
depended
the
preservation
of
the
Isle
of
Enland
,
had
in
it
a
strong
Garrison
of
1200
men
,
and
therefore
the
Danes
thought
not
fit
to
attack
it
,
but
contented
themselves
with
pillaging
and
spoiling
the
flat
Country
,
from
whence
they
carried
off
near
2000
head
of
great
and
small
Cattle
,
which
were
sent
to
the
Fleet.
And
since
fortune
smiled
so
upon
the
Danes
,
and
their
Arms
were
every
where
Triumphant
,
the
King
of
Denmark
would
not
be
content
with
the
depredations
his
Troops
committed
in
the
Enemies
Country
,
but
would
needs
form
a
further
and
more
important
Enterprize
upon
the
Isle
of
Rugen
:
For
which
effect
,
he
sent
for
some
thousands
of
men
of
his
Troops
from
Schonen
,
and
sent
orders
to
Admiral
Tromp
,
and
Lieutenant
Admiral
William
Bastiaansz
,
to
come
to
Copenhagen
with
their
Squadron
;
Admiral
Mark
Rotstein
received
the
same
order
,
and
to
bring
with
him
a
detachment
of
the
biggest
Ships
of
the
Danish
Fleet.
On
the
5th
of
September
they
parted
from
Admiral
Juel
,
who
seeing
there
was
nothing
more
to
do
at
Kalmar
,
nor
in
the
Isle
of
Enland
,
weighed
Anchor
the
next
day
,
and
passing
by
the
Country
of
Smaland
,
he
ravaged
the
Isles
of
Vkno
,
and
Runo
,
where
he
put
several
of
the
inhabitants
to
the
sword
that
attempted
to
make
resistance
.
After
that
expedition
,
he
went
and
attackt
24
of
the
King
of
Sweden's
Magazines
near
Westerwyk
.
Captain
Bovenfield
with
a
party
of
150
Seamen
,
was
commanded
to
go
and
burn
them
,
who
at
the
same
time
set
fire
to
two
Lordships
and
three
Villages
that
were
higher
up
the
Country
,
in
spite
of
the
opposition
the
Swedes
made
with
a
body
of
Peasants
that
were
got
together
.
After
that
,
a
Resolution
was
taken
to
attack
Westerwyk
,
and
burn
it
,
for
which
execution
choice
was
made
of
some
of
the
lightest
Frigats
in
the
Fleet
,
with
which
were
sent
a
detachment
of
500
Soldiers
,
and
as
many
Seamen
under
the
Command
of
General
Mullet
and
of
Rear-Admiral
Florisz
Karstensz
.
On
the
10th
.
of
September
,
they
presented
themselves
at
the
mouth
of
the
Haven
of
Westerwyk
,
where
they
lodged
two
Frigats
which
fired
hotly
at
the
Bastion
of
Sparosund
,
whilst
on
the
other
side
,
the
Generals
advanced
with
their
Boats
into
the
Port
to
view
in
what
place
they
might
best
make
a
descent
;
and
after
they
had
past
by
several
Islets
,
they
attackt
two
Retrenchments
,
which
they
took
.
On
the
11th
.
at
break
of
day
,
they
forced
open
the
Barrier
or
Boom
of
the
Haven
,
and
sent
in
their
Fire-Ships
and
their
other
small
Ships
.
About
7
a
Clock
the
Danes
presented
themselves
before
the
Town
,
which
appeared
to
them
in
the
form
of
a
Half-Moon
,
being
adorned
with
many
fair
Houses
and
Stately
Turrets
.
From
the
Sea-ward
Captain
Dreyer
fired
upon
it
with
his
Guns
,
which
the
Swedes
answered
from
a
battery
of
12
pieces
of
Cannon
they
had
erected
on
the
shore
.
When
night
came
on
the
Swedes
threw
their
Cannon
into
the
water
,
and
Quitted
that
Post
,
and
afterwards
the
Town
;
upon
which
the
Danes
next
morning
seized
both
the
Town
and
Fort.
That
place
belonged
to
Count
Koningsmark
.
The
Danes
reduced
it
all
to
ashes
,
not
sparing
so
much
as
the
ships
that
were
in
the
Harbour
.
After
that
great
Expedition
,
the
Fleet
weigh'd
Anchor
,
and
sailed
for
Gothland
after
they
had
put
all
the
Country
every
where
in
alarm
,
and
carried
terrour
even
as
far
as
Stockholm
the
Capital
City
of
the
Kingdom
.
Admiral
Tromp
as
we
have
said
,
had
received
order
,
to
go
to
Copenhagen
,
where
he
arrived
on
the
10
of
September
,
together
with
both
the
Dutch
Squadron
,
and
the
Danish
one
that
was
detacht
from
the
main
Fleet.
All
things
being
ready
then
for
a
great
Expedition
the
King
of
Denmark
had
resolved
upon
,
his
Majesty
put
himself
at
the
head
of
the
Fleet
followed
by
Tromp
,
by
the
other
General
Officers
of
the
Fleet
,
and
by
4000
men
,
being
Regular
Troops
which
were
embarkt
with
them
.
On
the
13th
.
of
the
month
,
they
weighed
Anchor
,
and
on
the
16th
they
came
in
sight
of
the
Isle
of
Rugen
,
and
the
next
day
the
great
ships
Anchored
at
the
point
of
Wittaw
,
whilst
the
Galliots
and
other
smaller
Vessels
were
sent
towards
the
shore
,
between
the
Peninsule
,
or
half
Island
Wittaw
,
and
Jasmund
,
where
they
Landed
their
Troops
with
such
Expedition
that
about
4
in
the
afternoon
the
best
part
of
both
their
Horse
and
Foot
were
already
on
shore
.
The
Commander
Keller
at
the
head
of
30
men
,
and
a
Major
at
the
head
of
15
Germans
advanced
the
foremost
of
all
;
at
their
approach
a
body
of
the
Enemies
Cavalry
of
100
men
fell
upon
them
and
charged
them
,
but
after
two
discharges
they
were
fain
to
flie
,
not
being
able
any
longer
to
stand
against
the
fierce
firing
that
was
made
at
them
from
the
ships
.
The
Danes
lost
not
one
man
in
that
Rencounter
and
presently
discharged
their
Cannon
and
small
Arms
for
Joy
they
had
had
the
happiness
to
Land
without
any
obstacle
.
The
same
evening
,
50
Danish
Horse
were
detacht
away
towards
Wittaw
and
Jasmund
;
but
they
found
no
body
there
but
some
Peasants
,
and
two
Horsemen
whom
they
brought
Prisoners
to
the
Army
.
On
the
18th
the
King
himself
and
Prince
George
himself
came
likewise
to
Land
,
and
several
Gentlemen
of
the
Country
,
yielded
themselves
and
demanded
Protections
.
Four
days
after
his
Majesty
departed
in
order
to
return
to
Copenhagen
leaving
the
Command
of
his
Army
in
chief
to
Marshal
Goltsz
.
Admiral
Tromp
departed
likewise
with
the
Danish
Envoy
Mr.
Buckwald
,
and
Mr.
Brand
the
Resident
of
Brandenburg
,
to
go
to
the
Electour
of
Brandenburg
,
who
was
then
employed
in
the
Siege
of
Stetin
.
They
arrived
there
on
the
22d
.
Upon
whose
application
the
Generous
Electour
presently
detacht
away
a
Body
of
Horse
with
orders
to
go
to
the
Fort
Pennemunder
,
to
be
ready
at
a
Call
to
back
the
Danes
in
their
enterprize
upon
the
Isle
of
Rugen
.
And
by
that
means
,
the
Danes
were
so
well
Reinforced
that
Count
Koningsmark
that
Commanded
the
Swedish
Troops
in
that
Isle
,
found
himself
not
in
any
condition
to
oppose
their
depredations
,
and
much
less
to
give
them
Battle
.
However
to
do
what
he
could
,
he
Commanded
the
Gentlemen
of
the
Country
and
all
the
Inhabitants
to
come
in
and
joyn
him
,
but
Marshal
Goltz
having
publisht
contrary
orders
,
there
were
very
few
that
ventured
to
pay
obedience
to
Count
Koningsmark
.
Neither
were
the
Danish
Troops
Reinforced
only
by
the
Brandenburgers
,
but
the
King
of
Denmark
himself
came
and
joyned
them
with
a
good
Body
of
Horse
,
so
that
the
Army
then
was
8000
strong
.
Count
Koningsmark
therefore
finding
his
forces
much
inferiour
to
those
of
the
Danes
,
thought
it
better
to
Quit
the
field
,
than
stay
to
be
beaten
out
of
it
;
and
therefore
retired
to
Straelsund
,
carrying
off
with
him
all
he
possibly
could
.
Thus
the
Danes
became
Masters
of
the
whole
Isle
,
excepting
only
the
Old
and
New
Fort
,
the
first
of
which
they
took
soon
after
,
but
the
latter
of
them
having
received
a
Reinforcement
of
fresh
Troops
from
Straelsund
,
stoutly
withstood
all
their
attacks
,
and
were
the
cause
afterwards
that
they
were
forced
to
Quit
all
the
Conquests
they
had
made
there
.
All
those
happy
successes
the
Danes
had
in
the
Isle
of
Rugen
,
were
followed
by
the
taking
of
the
Town
of
Stetin
,
which
after
a
long
and
bloody
Siege
yielded
at
last
to
the
Electour
of
Brandenburg
on
the
26th
.
of
December
.
Count
Koningsmark
being
desperately
enraged
at
the
Progresses
of
the
Danes
in
the
Isle
of
Rugen
,
was
extreamly
impatient
to
find
an
opportunity
to
deliver
it
from
their
depredations
,
and
to
restore
it
to
its
rightfull
Prince
;
And
for
that
effect
,
having
with
wonderfull
celerity
embarked
his
Infantry
,
he
went
and
Landed
with
his
Cavalry
at
the
New
Fort
,
which
the
more
easily
deceived
the
Danes
,
because
they
thought
nothing
more
impracticable
or
less
to
be
feared
than
so
speedy
a
return
of
the
Swedes
.
At
his
arrival
he
assembled
all
the
Troops
he
had
with
him
to
the
Number
of
5000
fighting
men
,
and
on
the
18th
.
of
the
month
,
went
and
encamped
in
the
open
field
with
a
Resolution
to
give
Battle
to
the
Danes
.
Major
General
Rumor
who
succeeded
in
the
place
of
Marshal
Goltz
who
was
recalled
by
Vertue
of
avocatory
Letters
from
Poland
,
had
then
the
Command
in
chief
of
the
Danish
Forces
,
and
being
not
a
man
of
spirit
to
suffer
the
Bravado's
of
Count
Koningsmark
,
he
also
appeared
in
the
field
with
an
Army
of
7000
fighting
men
,
so
that
the
two
parties
engaged
in
a
Fight
,
which
was
fatal
to
the
Danes
.
For
Major
General
Rumor
hapning
to
be
killed
at
the
very
first
onset
,
his
death
was
followed
with
the
defeat
of
his
Army
,
and
the
Officers
chusing
rather
to
die
with
their
swords
in
their
hands
,
than
to
Offer
to
turn
their
backs
,
the
Dani●h
Army
was
entirely
routed
,
with
the
loss
of
400
men
killed
,
and
about
5000
Prisoners
of
War
,
who
might
all
have
been
cut
in
pieces
if
the
Clemency
of
the
Victors
had
not
prevailed
over
the
obstinacy
of
the
vanquished
.
That
signal
Victory
revived
the
drooping
Courage
of
the
Swedes
,
and
Re-established
their
affairs
upon
so
good
a
Foot
,
that
the
losses
and
damages
either
of
the
Parties
had
suffered
by
the
other
that
Campaign
,
were
thereby
in
some
Fort
counterballanced
.
The
King
of
Denmark
seeing
there
was
no
hopes
of
drawing
any
succours
for
that
years
Campaign
from
the
United
Provinces
,
gave
Admiral
Tromp
permission
to
return
home
,
and
conferred
the
chief
Command
of
his
Fleet
upon
Admiral
Niels
Juel
,
making
him
Admiral
General
.
Admiral
Tromp
therefore
prepared
to
be
gone
;
and
then
the
Elector
of
Brandenburg
taking
a
Resolution
to
carry
his
Arms
once
more
into
the
Isle
of
Rugen
,
and
to
make
a
Conquest
of
it
,
whatever
it
cost
him
,
and
thinking
Admiral
Tromp
might
be
of
great
use
to
him
in
that
design
,
desired
him
to
be
pleased
to
accompany
him
in
that
expedition
.
He
therefore
took
leave
of
his
Majesty
,
after
having
received
a
very
rich
present
from
him
,
and
all
imaginable
marks
of
Friendship
and
Gratitude
,
and
went
to
Wolgast
,
where
the
Elector
of
Brandenburg
most
kindly
and
nobly
received
him
.
The
Enterprize
of
Re-entring
into
the
Isle
of
Rugen
being
then
projected
,
the
Danish
Fleet
,
under
the
Command
of
Admiral
Juel
,
had
order
to
advance
.
On
the
22d
of
September
,
Major
General
Lewenhelm
,
who
Commanded
the
Danish
Land-Forces
,
took
post
at
Wittaw
.
The
Swedes
,
to
the
Number
of
1000
men
,
offering
to
oppose
their
decent
,
were
repulsed
with
loss
.
His
Electoral
Highness
having
embarkt
his
Troops
at
Pennermund
,
came
himself
on
board
,
Commanded
to
weigh
Anchor
on
the
22d
,
and
made
toward
the
Isle
of
Rugen
with
a
Fleet
of
210
Ships
,
and
140
Barks
,
or
small
Vessels
proper
for
Landing
the
Troops
in
;
and
thus
the
Fleet
advanced
,
being
ranged
in
very
good
order
of
Battle
.
Marshal
Dorfling
Commanded
the
Troops
under
the
Elector
;
Tromp
,
who
engaged
in
that
expedition
as
a
Volunteer
,
had
the
Command
of
the
Fleet
,
and
went
in
the
Ship
called
the
Electoral
Prince
.
In
the
afternoon
a
Calm
coming
on
,
they
were
forced
to
cast
Anchor
very
near
the
Isle
.
In
the
mean
while
the
Swedes
kept
firing
at
the
Fleet
from
a
Battery
of
10
great
Guns
and
yet
in
all
that
time
killed
but
2
Persons
,
which
is
very
remarkable
.
On
the
23d
at
break
of
day
,
Admiral
Juel
having
left
his
own
Fleet
,
came
on
board
the
Elector
,
to
inform
him
,
that
the
Danes
had
taken
post
the
day
before
near
Wittaw
.
Upon
that
advice
,
the
Elector
gave
order
to
his
people
,
to
weigh
Anchor
,
that
he
might
not
give
time
to
Count
Koningsmark
to
attack
the
Danes
before
their
Junctions
,
with
his
Troops
.
About
noon
the
Calm
begun
again
,
so
that
to
make
the
more
haste
,
they
were
forced
to
tow
the
men
of
War
forward
with
boats
:
when
they
drew
near
the
shore
,
the
Troops
made
use
of
Pikes
and
Shovels
instead
of
Oars
,
to
get
to
Land
with
the
more
haste
;
Nay
some
of
them
jumpt
into
the
Sea
,
up
to
the
neck
in
water
,
and
waded
to
shore
,
because
they
would
be
there
the
foremost
and
the
first
,
to
give
proofs
of
their
Bravery
.
At
the
approach
of
the
Danes
,
the
Swedish
Horse
shewed
themselves
on
the
high
grounds
,
and
Count
Koningsmark
caused
some
pieces
of
Cannon
to
be
advanced
,
resolved
to
fire
briskly
from
them
upon
the
Brandenburgers
before
they
should
recover
the
disorder
their
Landing
would
necessarily
put
them
in
:
But
seeing
them
so
nimbly
get
into
Battle
array
,
and
that
they
had
already
got
Cannon
with
them
ashore
,
he
ordered
his
men
to
quit
the
Post
where
they
were
placed
;
so
that
the
Electors
whole
Army
consisting
of
4000
men
,
made
a
descent
without
any
opposition
from
the
Swedes
,
and
without
having
above
two
men
killed
and
one
wounded
.
Marshal
Dorfling
,
as
soon
as
he
was
Landed
,
took
with
him
all
the
Horse
that
were
yet
disembarkt
,
and
fell
to
pursuing
the
Swedes
,
and
200
Horse
of
them
having
charged
8
Batalions
of
the
Enemies
,
their
consternation
was
so
extream
,
that
they
turned
tail
soon
after
.
There
were
taken
that
day
about
200
Prisoners
.
Count
Koningsmark
seeing
his
affairs
going
down
the
Wind
,
was
minded
to
use
Circumspection
,
and
thought
it
high
time
to
rally
together
the
Relicks
of
his
dispersed
and
dispirited
Forces
,
and
accordingly
he
assembled
them
together
in
one
body
,
and
advanced
with
them
towards
the
old
Fort
,
with
design
to
pass
from
thence
to
Straelsund
,
in
case
of
necessity
.
But
in
the
mean
while
General
Dorfling
,
who
followed
him
close
at
the
heels
,
marcht
with
that
diligence
,
that
the
next
day
he
●epresented
himself
before
that
place
.
The
Swedes
were
extreamly
surprized
to
see
him
there
;
and
because
he
observed
they
were
busy
in
embarking
themselves
to
get
away
to
Straelsund
,
Dorfling
ordered
a
Body
of
500
men
,
under
the
Command
of
Major
General
Schoning
,
to
advance
along
the
shore
side
,
and
put
himself
at
the
head
of
them
with
his
drawn
sword
in
his
hand
,
to
charge
them
.
And
whilst
they
attackt
the
Swedes
on
one
side
,
a
part
of
their
Cavalry
lighted
from
their
Horses
,
and
attackt
them
on
another
,
so
that
the
place
was
taken
by
assault
.
A
great
Number
of
Swedes
were
put
to
the
Sword
in
the
first
heat
of
the
attack
,
and
900
Foot
,
and
500
Horse
were
made
Prisoners
.
Count
Koningsmark
,
after
he
had
signalized
himself
,
and
done
as
much
as
man
could
do
,
leapt
into
a
Boat
,
and
got
away
from
the
Victors
:
presently
after
some
Regiments
were
Commanded
to
go
and
attack
the
New
Fort
;
but
when
the
Cannon
begun
to
batter
the
Ramparts
,
the
Garrison
that
were
Germans
mutinied
,
and
forced
their
Officers
to
set
open
the
Gates
to
the
Brandenburgers
.
Such
was
the
destiny
of
a
Fortress
which
the
Danes
had
not
been
able
to
take
,
and
which
yet
surrendred
at
last
without
any
resistance
to
the
Arms
of
the
Elector
of
Brandenburg
.
The
Isle
of
Danholm
being
afterwards
attackt
by
2000
men
,
submitted
likewise
to
the
obedience
of
the
Trumphant
Arms
of
the
same
Elector
.
All
those
happy
successes
were
followed
by
the
supplemental
addition
of
the
Town
of
Straelsund
,
where
Count
Koningsmark
was
retreated
with
the
shattered
relicks
of
his
Army
,
which
consisted
of
1600
Horse
and
600
Musketeers
,
which
yet
after
noble
and
stout
resistance
,
made
by
the
valour
and
Conduct
of
the
said
Count
,
worthy
to
have
served
a
more
fortunate
cause
,
was
taken
.
This
last
Conquest
was
so
much
glorious
for
the
Arms
of
his
Electoral
Highness
,
because
that
place
was
counted
one
of
the
important
ones
of
all
Germany
.
Admiral
Tromp
,
after
he
had
assisted
at
all
the
Conquests
in
the
North
,
where
he
acquired
a
very
great
Reputation
,
Returned
at
length
into
his
own
Country
,
Honoured
with
the
Glorious
Titles
of
Baron
,
Knight
and
Count
,
conferred
upon
him
by
two
Great
Kings
,
in
admiration
of
his
incomparable
Merit
.
The
Place
ensued
soon
after
,
and
some
Family
considerations
,
besides
some
particular
and
private
Discontents
,
obliged
him
at
length
to
quit
the
Sea
and
the
publick
Service
till
the
Year
1691.
And
then
a
Mighty
War
arising
between
France
and
England
,
the
United
Provinces
,
and
most
of
the
Princes
of
Europe
,
he
was
lookt
upon
as
the
most
capable
person
to
Command
the
States
Fleet
,
to
maintain
and
support
the
Glory
the
Hollanders
have
acquired
by
Sea
since
the
appearance
of
their
Renowned
Republick
in
the
World
.
And
indeed
the
present
King
of
England
,
William
III.
had
named
him
to
Command
the
States
Fleet
as
Admiral
General
for
the
Year
1691
,
and
the
people
began
already
to
flatter
themselves
with
a
thousand
happy
successes
from
the
Joy
and
Good-Will
the
Seamen
unanimously
testified
on
that
occasion
;
but
the
French
,
who
are
Ingenious
in
foreseeing
,
thought
it
was
necessary
to
use
all
sorts
of
means
to
prevent
so
great
an
Evil
as
seemed
to
threaten
them
on
that
side
:
they
lookt
upon
Tromp
to
be
the
only
man
that
could
Traverse
their
designs
,
and
make
head
against
their
growing
Power
at
Sea
,
the
Empire
of
which
they
pretend
now
to
dispute
against
both
England
and
Holland
:
so
that
if
we
may
credit
what
has
been
reported
,
the
Treacherous
Intrigues
of
that
Nation
contributed
to
cure
themselves
of
the
Umbrage
and
Apprehension
they
had
conceived
of
that
Great
man
,
by
procuring
him
an
unnatural
Distemper
to
cut
him
off
on
a
sudden
.
We
will
enter
into
no
particulars
about
it
;
but
't
is
too
well
known
,
that
Court
omits
nothing
to
get
the
ablest
Generals
amongst
their
Enemies
dispatcht
out
of
the
World
by
one
means
or
other
,
when
they
prove
deaf
to
their
Charms
,
and
incorruptible
,
and
faithful
to
their
Country
.
However
it
were
,
the
Incomparable
Tromp
fell
sick
,
whilst
the
preparations
for
the
Equipment
of
the
Fleet
were
carrying
on
with
all
diligence
.
All
Europe
had
then
their
Eyes
turned
that
way
,
and
begun
already
to
Count
upon
a
famous
Sea-Battle
,
in
which
the
Hollanders
were
to
carry
away
the
Victory
;
and
Tromp
,
whose
good
Fortune
had
all
along
accompanied
Bravery
and
Wise
Conduct
during
his
life
,
in
all
the
Battles
he
ever
fought
,
was
lookt
upon
as
the
happy
man
that
was
shortly
to
revenge
his
Country
for
the
loss
of
the
Battle
under
the
less
fortunate
Conduct
of
Admiral
Evertsz
,
by
reason
the
English
Admiral
failed
in
his
duty
;
But
alas
,
Death
at
length
,
with
his
malevolent
Scyth
,
cut
down
in
an
instant
all
those
blooming
hopes
,
and
deprived
Holland
and
the
Allies
of
an
Admiral
that
was
to
have
establisht
Navigation
in
its
ancient
Liberty
,
and
to
have
Triumph'd
over
the
formidable
French
Fleets
,
if
God
had
not
been
pleased
to
take
him
away
in
the
Prime
of
his
years
.
He
died
at
Amsterdam
,
after
a
long
lingring
sickness
on
the
29th
of
May
,
Martin
Harpertsz
Tromp
,
and
of
Dinah
de
Haas
,
born
at
Rotterdam
.
He
married
Margaret
de
Rhaaphorst
,
Widow
to
the
late
Mr.
Helmont
;
by
whom
he
had
no
Children
.
His
Body
was
carried
on
the
6th
of
June
,
between
9
and
10
at
night
,
along
the
Lord's
new
Channel
,
to
a
place
called
Amstel
,
where
it
was
put
into
a
Yatcht
in
order
to
be
Transported
to
Delft
,
and
there
interr'd
in
the
stately
Tomb
of
his
Illustrious
Father
.
Hans
Hartwich
,
Mr.
Abraham
Taalman
,
James
Willemsz
Broeder
,
and
Roemer
Vlak
,
After
them
marcht
the
Deceased's
near
Kindred
,
and
afterwards
the
Burgermasters
,
the
Sheriffs
,
and
Councellors
of
the
Town
.
Such
was
the
end
of
the
incomparable
Cornelius
Tromp
,
whose
memory
will
be
dear
in
all
Ages
to
come
,
to
all
the
Lovers
of
Virtue
and
Valour
,
of
both
which
he
has
left
an
August
Example
to
his
Nation
after
his
Death
.
FINIS
.